7-8, February, 2013
Two-Day Seminar for Climate Change and Forests- Conservation of Tropical Forests towards the Green Economy -REDD-plus Guideline for JCM/BOCM
Dr. Mitsuo Matsumoto
Director
REDD Research and Development Center,Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI)

1Background• Japan’ Government suggests JCM/BOCM as mitigation action after
2013 and REDD-plus is expected as effective activity.
• JCM/BOCM: The Joint Crediting Mechanism / Bilateral Offset
Credit Mechanism• FFPRI supports REDD plus activities by developed Guideline andCookbook.

Source: MOFA, METI and MOE (2012)2

Concept of the Guideline[Significant point]• Balance between “User Friendly” and “High Transparency”[Participation of the multi stakeholders (especially private enterprises andNGOs]• To promote the REDD-plus activity, the participation of many stakeholders isimportant. Especially, the participation of the private enterprise and other relatedorganization (e.g. NGO) help the comprehensive REDD-plus activities.
Required accuracy of GHG
emission reduction /Methodological guidance
removals according towhich is “simple” for allInternational standards
stakeholders(UNFCCC, IPCC, VCS)
Input accumulated scientificoutcomes, experiences andknowledge
3

Concept of the Guideline[Expansion of Project Boundary: Project to Sub-National]• Recently, REDD-plus activities are conducted by the unit of projects.
But, in the mid- and long-term, sub-national / national REDD-plus
schemes are required under the UNFCCC. The Guideline should
cover each scale of project.
[Continuous improvement of the guideline]• The Guideline should be continuously improved according to thenew outcomes (research results, findings and experiences).
• We will call for the inputs from the stakeholders.

4Process of Guideline Development
2011

2012

2013
Sep.

Dec.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

March

Accumulated results and experiences from scientific aspects
Analyzed publishedguidelines (e.g. VCS)
Collected information /dataand analyzed tentative
results of FS activities

Analyzed
progress of FS
activities

FirstWorkshop
with stakeholders(over 60)
COP17Inter. Seminar

SecondWorkshop
Developing
Draft Guideline

with stakeholders(over 80)
COP18Inter. Seminar

5

Overview of the Guideline• Chap 1: Introduction– Background– Discussion on REDD-plus inJapan– Purpose of the guideline• Chap 2: Requirements toprojects– Essential requirements– Requirements to elements ofprojects• Chap 3: Requirements tomethodologies– Basic requirements– Requirements to elements ofmethodologies•
6Key points
Required Accuracy of Analyzed Forest Classification
Discussion in UNFCCC and others
Not quantified in UNFCCC andIPCC.
SOURCEBOOK mentioned from 80
to 95% accuracy for forest/nonforest classification which areachievable by using middle resolution
satellite imagery.
VCS methodologies mentioned from70 to 90% accuracy for forest/nonforest classification, and from 70 to80% accuracy for each forest types

Idea of the Guideline
From considering international
standards (SOURCEBOOK and VCS
methodologies), GHG emission
reduction and removals are estimatedby “suitable accuracy”.
Forest/non-forest should be above
80% accuracy and each forest typeshould be above 70%.

Key points
Establishment of Reference level
Discussion in UNFCCC and others

Idea of the GuidelineBased on historical trend andconsidering National Circumstances,
Reference Level will be established.

The Reference level are based on“Conservativeness”, “Revisable” and“Consistency with subnational/national based activities”.

Update of data and information will
be inputted and Reference Level isrevised.
VCS requires update of the Reference
Level for 10 years intervals according
to National Circumstances of socioeconomic and ecological aspects.

Update of Reference Level should beat least 7 or 10 years intervals (notfixed).
 Considering national situation ofhost country, Reference Level will beseparated into some “Tiers”.

8Concept of the Reference Level

GHG emission

Applying socioeconomic data andothers

Higher Tier

GHG emission
Based onidentified drivers,
GHG emission issimulated

Identifyingdrivers
PastFutureLower Tier

Middle Tier

Applying Simulation modelusing socio-economic data andother statistics (consideringNational Circumstances)

Applying simple model basedon historical trend on GHGemission (not considering
National Circumstances)

Applying “mean value” onhistorical GHG emission

Using many dataand information

Using simple dataand information

Others• Boundary/Land applicability– Avoid overlapping or cherry picking. Plantation of fast-growing tree species in a vast
area (such as oil palm) is not applicable.

• Safeguards– Minimum requirement based on concept CBD, FCIP and others.

• Leakage/Additionality– To be simple and user friendly• Monitoring / Accounting– Distinction from national inventory• Scaling-up: project to sub-national or national– Reference levels and other works for project level and that for the subnational/national base should be consistent10

Concept of Scaling-Up
Short-term
Large

Middle- and Long-term(Compliance under UNFCCC)
National

Geographical Scale

Future Activities
Sub-nationalSmallProject(Current Activities)

Developed guideline will be include
concept of “Consistency” of MRV
System and other technical issues
between Project base andNational/Sub-national Activities11

Proposal: Concept of Scaling-Up and REL/RL【Approach 2】【Approach 3】

 REDD+ in sub-nationalbase
 Land boundary is border ofjurisdiction
 Reference revel isjurisdictional base REDD+ in project base
 Land boundary is border of
each project Reference level is allocatedfrom jurisdictional referencelevel

 REDD+ in project base
 Land boundary is border ofeach project Reference level isdeveloped by each projectand coordinate withjurisdictional reference level

GHG
Emissions Reduction【Approach 1】

Jurisdictional
Reference Level
Project A
Project B

Reference Levelin each project

Project CProject DTime12Future plans
2013
March2014
Sep.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

March

Accumulated results and experiences from scientific aspects
DevelopedDraft Guideline

Collecting and analyzing publiccomments form all stakeholders

Revising through trials on FS activities
and/or others (e.g. JICA projects)

COP19

Finalizing theGuideline
Inter. Seminar (tentative)

13

Thank you

14