Joint Exploration Declaration of Intent for Lunar Cooperation (JEDI）
betweenthe Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
andthe National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States of America
The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) and theNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA):-Recognizing the strong and long-standing Japan-U.S. partnership in civil spacecooperation, including the International Space Station (ISS) program;-

Sharing the objectives of the Artemis Program, which aims to land the first woman
and next man on the lunar surface in 2024 and to utilize the Gateway to realize
sustainable lunar exploration while demonstrating key technologies for a future
human mission to Mars;-Acknowledging the progress of discussions on the Artemis Accords;-Recognizing the benefit of accelerating discussions to define detailed cooperation plans
and holistic cooperation regarding the ISS, the Gateway, and lunar surface
exploration; and-Intending to develop arrangements to enable Japanese crew opportunities to theGateway and lunar surface;

Hereby declare the following intentions:
1. Cooperation on the ISS and the GatewayA) The Gateway is designed to orbit the Moon and serve as a command post and a docking
port for future lunar surface operations, enabling sustainable lunar exploration andpreparation for missions to Mars. NASA will be responsible for integrating theGateway elements, as well as for leading overall operations and utilization.
B) MEXT is planning to provide components for the Gateway’s Habitation and Logistics
Outpost (HALO), such as power components, by 2022 based on a contract between
JAXA and Northrop Grumman Corporation. HALO may support relay communications
between Earth and the Moon in support of the 2024 surface landing. HALO is also
aimed at serving as a docking port for future lunar surface operations. NASA plans tolaunch HALO with the Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) to cislunar space in 2023.
1C) MEXT is also planning to provide equipment and components, including theEnvironmental Control and Life Support System, batteries, and thermal control pumps
to the Gateway’s International Habitation Module (I-Hab), which is expected to beintegrated and delivered to NASA by the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2025 forlaunch, subject to technical coordination among ESA, JAXA, and NASA. I-Hab isdesigned to support extended crewed missions on the Gateway and contribute tosustainable human lunar surface exploration. The I-Hab will play an essential role in
the Gateway, and will further Mars analogue activities and demonstration of thetechnologies and procedures necessary for a historic human mission to Mars. The
arrangement of launch of I-Hab will be coordinated by NASA and ESA.
D) Recognizing the intent of Artemis collaboration, MEXT is going to demonstrateenhanced HTV-X resupply capability and docking technology, including through theHTV-X1 and HTV-X2 missions, to explore possibilities for cargo transportation services
to the ISS and the Gateway. MEXT and NASA plan to coordinate the details of future
HTV-Xs for cargo resupply missions.
E) MEXT and NASA plan to develop an implementing arrangement under the Gateway
MOU to define the number of Japanese crew to the Gateway and the details of theJapanese contributions mentioned in B), C), and D) above.
F) NASA plans to provide MEXT, as well as other Gateway partners, with the opportunity
to utilize the Gateway as an infrastructure platform enabling sustainable lunar surface
exploration operations by leveraging the Gateway’s capabilities such as space vehicle
ports and Moon-to-Earth communications relay.
2. Cooperation on Lunar Surface ExplorationA) In order to optimize and fully leverage limited lunar surface exploration opportunities,
MEXT and NASA will discuss installing NASA payloads on JAXA’s Smart Lander for
Investigating Moon and Lunar Polar Exploration missions as well as the proposal for
JAXA payloads to be considered for installation on NASA’s lunar exploration missions.
MEXT and NASA plan to share observation data obtained through such cooperation,
taking into consideration respective obligations to other partner nations/agencies forthe relevant missions.
2B) MEXT and NASA plan to continue to refine concepts for Japanese pressurized crew
rover capability that builds upon the results of the technical studies currently being
conducted jointly by JAXA and private sector partners.
C) MEXT and NASA are planning to develop an arrangement to define the specifics
regarding opportunities for lunar surface mobility systems, surface operations, andJapanese crew on the lunar surface.
3. Future Arrangements
While the specific legal framework has not yet been decided, MEXT and NASA will work
to define cooperative activities described in 1. and 2. above. Cooperative activities under
1. could be enacted via future implementing arrangements under the Memorandum ofUnderstanding between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of theUnited States of America and the Government of Japan Concerning Cooperation on theCivil Lunar Gateway (Gateway MOU) which is to be governed by the Agreement among
the Government of Canada, Governments of Member States of the European Space
Agency, the Government of Japan, the Government of the Russian Federation, and theGovernment of the United States of America, concerning Cooperation on the Civil
International Space Station (IGA). Cooperative activities described in 2. will be set out infuture arrangements. MEXT and NASA plan to continue to discuss topics including theoverall vision and potential for future cooperation on mid and long-term lunar surface
operations, Martian exploration, and other activities. MEXT and NASA expect to remain
in regular consultations including discussions of any future schedule changes. Lastly, anyspecific, future cooperative activities between MEXT and NASA would be subject to future,legally binding agreements, and would be subject to MEXT’s and NASA’s respective
financial procedures and available budget allocations.

3

Signed on July 10th, 2020
For MEXT:For NASA:HAGIUDA Koichi

James F. Bridenstine

Minister of Education, Culture, Sports,

Administrator for the National

Science and Technology

Aeronautics and Space Administration

4