Shinrin-yoku and Home office８

Yoshifumi Miyazaki
Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University

Harumi Ikei
Chorong Song

Today’s talk(1) Background(2) Nature therapy in a laboratory experiment(3) Shinrin-yoku in a field experiment(4) Nature therapy in highly stressed people(5) Enjoyment of Shinrin-yoku and naturetherapy in COVID-life

Yoshifumi Miyazaki

The human body is made fornature
HomeOffice
Evolution

Industrial
Revolution

COVID-19

6-7 million years
COVID-19)
Yoshifumi Miyazaki, Harumi Ikei

Significance in “Science” and “Practice”＜Scientific data＞＜Practice＞

Yoshifumi Miyazaki, Harumi Ikei

Today’s talk(1) Background(2) Nature therapy in a laboratory experiment(3) Shinrin-yoku in a field experiment(4) Nature therapy in highly stressed people(5) Enjoyment of Shinrin-yoku and naturetherapy in daily life

Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Laboratory experiment H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki
Near Infrared
Spectroscopy(Prefrontal activity)

Heart rate variability(Parasympathetic andsympathetic nervousactivity)& Heart rate

Blood pressure

H Ikei, Y MiyazakiBrain activity
Near-infrared spectroscopy
Laboratory experiment

Field experiment

Harumi Ikei, Yoshifumi Miyazaki

The Crown Prince and Princess visit the center- changes in brain activity of doctoral students (Pocket NIRS) -Oxy-Hb concentration
Oxy-Hb concentration

Right prefrontal
cortexLeft prefrontal
cortexConversation
Conversation
goes to others

Introduce
herself

Increasing by pointing out“decrease in brain activity” (laugh)

0.20

A voice of “all the best in getting
your doctorate”
from the Crown Prince (laugh)

Conversation
with Crown Princess

0.150.10
0.05
0.00
0246810121416 (min)0246810121416 (min)

0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
Harumi Ikei, Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Effect of olfactory stimulation by fresh roses
on autonomic nervous activity
・Fresh rose flower(R. hybrida “Meikarouz,” also known as Rouge
Royale, from Enomoto Rose Garden, Japan)

・Four flowers were put into an odor bag.

M. Igarashi, C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki et al. J. Altern. Complement. Med. 20(9):727-731, 2014

Oxy-Hb concentration (μM)

Brain (Prefrontal cortex) activity
0.80.60.4
0.2
0.0-0.2-0.4-0.6-0.8-1.0

Calming

Rose flowers
Control00

16021203180

Time (min)C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki. Complement. Ther. Med. 35:78-84, 2017

Air-driedwood chips

Hinokiwoodchips

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. (2015) J. Wood Sci. 61:537–540

Brain (Prefrontal cortex) activity
Oxy-Hb concentration (µM)

0.5Calming
0.00.5Air-dried woodControl
1.0100102030405060708090

Time (s)N=19H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. J. Wood Sci. 61 537–540 2015

Experimental setting
Fresh rose flowers

No flower

C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki. Complement. Ther. Med. 35:78-84, 2017

-16 %

100 %+15 %Relax

StressHealthy people: Rose flower

Flower

No Flower■ Sympathetic nervous
activity (Stress state)

Flower■ Parasympathetic nervous
activity (Relax state)

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki, et al. Jpn. J. Physiol. Anthropol. 18(3):97-103, 2013
H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. J. Physiol. Anthropol. 33:6, 2014
M. Komatsu, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki, et al. Jpn. J. Physiol. Anthropol. 18(1):1-7, 2013

Dracaena (Dracaena deremensis)

Experimental setting

Forest scenery

City scenery

C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 15: 213, 2018

Brain (Prefrontal cortex) activity
Oxy-Hb Concentration (µM)

0.80.6City

0.4

ForestCalming

0.2
0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
00

30306060

90 (s)
90

N=17C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 15: 213, 2018

(A) Uncoated(B) Oil finish(D) Urethane finish(C) Vitreous finish(E) Mirror finish

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 14(7): 773, 2017

Brain (Prefrontal cortex) activity
1.00

Non-coating
Vitreous coating
Mirror finish⊿Oxy-Hb concentration (µM)

0.80

Oil coating
Urethane coating

0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
-0.20
-0.40
-0.60

Uncoated-0.80-1001020304050
Time (sec)60708090

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 14(7): 773, 2017

H. Ikei and Y. Miyazaki. J. Wood Sci. 66 29, 2020

Today’s talk(1) Background(2) Nature therapy in a laboratory experiment(3) Shinrin-yoku in a field experiment(4) Nature therapy in highly stressed people(5) Enjoyment of Shinrin-yoku and naturetherapy in daily life

Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Field experiment
ForestNear Infrared
spectroscopy(Prefrontal activity)

ForestBlood pressure
Heart rate variability(Parasympathetic andSympathetic nervousactivity)& Heart rate

CityCityCortisol concentration

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki

Parasympathetic nervous activity
increases in Forest

HRV (HF (ms2))

Relaxed200
180160140120100806040200103%⇧
Walking in forest

Forest 0City

Walking in city

15 minutes walking in forest and city area
N=322
B.J. Park, Y. Miyazaki et al. In Forest Medicine; Li, Q., Ed.; Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, 2012; pp. 55–65

Parasympathetic nervous activity
increases in Forest
Relaxed750

HRV (HF (ms2))

600
45055% ⇧Viewing forest

3001500ForestCity

15 minutes viewing forest and city area
N=387

Viewing cityStress hormone (Cortisol)decreases in Forest
Salivary cortisol
concentration (µg/dl)

Stressful

0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20

−13% ⇩

Viewing forest

0.100.00

Forest

CityViewing city

15 minutes viewing forest and city area
N=385
B.J. Park, Y. Miyazaki et al. In Forest Medicine; Li, Q., Ed.; Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York, 2012; pp. 55–65

Shinrin-yoku program

C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki. Urban For. Urban Gree. 27 246-252, 2017

Blood pressure decreases in Forest
Blood pressure (mmHg)

Forest therapy program (9 am-3 pm)
140133.8126.6130120

124.0

116.6110100

3 days Forest 3 days
before therapy after

5 daysafter

C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki. Urban For. Urban Gree. 27 246-252, 2017

Altitude (m)Altitude map

H. Ochiai, H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12 12 15222-32 2015

Stress hormone (Cortisol)decreases in Forest
Stressful

Salivary cortisol concentration(μg/dL)

0.200

decrease

0.160
0.120
0.080
0.040
0.000
BeforeAfter

N = 17
H. Ochiai, H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 12:15222-15232, 2015

Pulse rate
decreases in Forest
80
Pulse rate (beat/min)Stressful75

decrease

7065

60
0
BeforeAfter

N = 17
H. Ochiai, H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 12:15222-15232, 2015

ForestC. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12:4247-4255, 2015

Diastolic blood pressure
before and after walking (mmHg)

Physiological adjustment
20201515

10105500-5-5-10-10-15-15-20-2092 participants

40Low

50 Appropriate
60 70 80
value

90
High

C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 12:4247-4255, 2015

UrbanC. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12:4247-4255, 2015

Today’s talk(1) Background(2) Nature therapy in a laboratory experiment(3) Shinrin-yoku in a field experiment(4) Nature therapy in highly stressed people(5) Enjoyment of Shinrin-yoku and naturetherapy in daily lifeYoshifumi Miyazaki

Mild depression patients: Biotope

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. Jpn. J. Physiol. Anthropol.(77th) 61, 2018

Stress state

100%-51%

Biotope

Building■ Sympathetic nervous
activity (stress state)

リラックス状態+39%（29 persons)Relaxed state

Mild depression patients: Biotope

Biotope■ Parasympathetic nervous
activity (relaxed state)

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki et al. Jpn. J. Physiol. Anthropol.(77th) 61, 2018

Spinal cord injury patients: Bonsai

H. Ochiai, C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 14: 1017, 2017

Spinal cord injury patients: Bonsai

Stress state

リラックス状態（24 persons)

100%-58%
BonsaiNo bonsai■ Sympathetic nervous
activity (stress state)

Relaxed state+98%

Bonsai■ Parasympathetic nervous
activity (relaxed state)

H. Ochiai, C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki et al. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 14: 1017, 2017

Parasympathetic Nervous Activity
High stressed people
Healthy people
100%

No rose+15%

Rose

100%

BonsaiRelaxedRelaxedstatestate+98%

No bonsai

H. Ikei, C. Song, Y. Miyazaki, et al.

Today’s talk(1) Background(2) Nature therapy in a laboratory experiment(3) Shinrin-yoku in a field experiment(4) Nature therapy in highly stressed people(5) Enjoyment of Shinrin-yoku and naturetherapy in COVID life

Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Favorite Nature
リラック
ス状態

Scientificevidence

Physiological Relaxation
Yoshifumi MiyazakiHow to enjoy
Shinrin Yoku & Nature therapy
in COVID life
Favorite Shinrin-Yoku&Favorite Nature
Synchronization ofyourself and nature

ComfortYoshifumi Miyazaki

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:
Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:
Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:
Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:
Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:
Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:
Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:
Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi Miyazaki

C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 15: 213, 2018

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:
Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:
Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:
Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:
Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi MiyazakiWinter

C. Song, H. Ikei, Y. Miyazaki et al. J. Physiol. Anthropol. 32:18, 2013

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:

Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:

Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Tokyo Mokuzai Tonya Kyoudou Kumiai 2016

Find your favorite nature
Small Nature:
Essential oil, Sound, Flower,
Wood products, Bonsai or Display

Medium Nature:

Balcony, Garden or Park

Large Nature:
Wooden building or Forest
Yoshifumi MiyazakiYoshifumi Miyazaki

Future prospects
Low immunity groups
NaturePreventive medical effect
Medical cost reduction
Yoshifumi Miyazaki

Thank youfor your attention