ࠇ᪽ᚕ‒ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈏⊒⿷䈚䈩䋱ᐕ૛䈫䈭䉍䉁䈜䇯䈖䈱㑆䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ
䈱㑐ଥㇱዪ䋬䈠䈚䈩䋬䈭䈮䉋䉍䋬ᢎຬ䈱⊝᭽䈱ᄙᄢ䈭දജ䉕ᓧ䈩䋬2006 ᐕ 5 ᦬ᧃ䈮䋬14 䉮䊷䉴䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䉕䉅䈦䈩䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈱 Web 䉰䉟䊃䉕౏㐿䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉁䈚䈢䇯⃻࿷䋬29 䈱䉮䊷䉴䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䉕౏㐿䈜䉎䈮⥋䈦䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯౏㐿䉕Ḱ஻䈚䈩䈇䉎䉮䊷䉴䉕ว䉒䈞䉁䈜䈫 50 䉕⿥䈋䋬3 ᐕ
㑆䈪 50 䉮䊷䉴䉕౏㐿䈜䉎䈫䈇䈉⋡ᮡ䈲䋬䉁䉅䈭䈒㆐ᚑ䈘䉏䉎䉅䈱䈫ᕁ䈇䉁䈜䇯䉁䈢䋬ਛ࿖ർ੩Ꮢ䈱ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䈮䊚䊤䊷䉰䉟䊃䉕⸳⟎䈜䉎䈭䈬䋬࿖㓙⊛ㅪ៤䉅ㅴ䉖䈪䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ䋨MIT䋩䈏䋬ᄢቇ䈏ᜂ䈉⍮⼂᥉෸䈱䊝䊂䊦䈫䈚䈩䋬2001 ᐕ䈮ឭ໒䈚䈢䉅䈱䈪䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䉕 Web ਄䈪ήఘ౏㐿䈜䉎䈫䈇䈉䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱⠨䈋䈲䋬⍮⼂䈻䈱⥄↱䈭䉝䉪䉶䉴䉕ㅴ䉄䋬㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈮䈍䈔䉎ᢎ⢒䈫ቇ⠌䉕ᡰេ䈚䋬䈠䈱⾰䈱ะ਄䉕䉄䈙䈜䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬1876 ᐕ䈮⸳┙䈘䉏䈢ᧅᏻㄘቇᩞએ᧪䋬䈖䉖䈮䈤䈮⥋䉎㐳䈇ᱧผ䈱䈭䈎䈪䋬䇸䊐䊨䊮䊁䉞䉝♖␹䇹䋬䇸࿖㓙ᕈ䈱ᶩ㙃䇹䋬䇸ోੱᢎ⢒䇹෸䈶䇸ታቇ䈱㊀ⷞ䇹䈫䈇䈉ၮᧄℂᔨ䉕ၭ䈦䈩䈐䉁䈚䈢䇯⁛┙ᴺੱ䈫䈭䉍䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬ᖱႎ␠ળ䈮䈍䈇䈩䋬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈫䈚䈩䋬䇸⍮䈱ഃㅧ䇹䋬䇸⍮䈱વ㆐䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸⍮䈱ᵴ↪䇹䈫䈇䈉ਃ䈧䈱છോ䉕ᨐ䈜䈼䈒䋬䈠䉏䈡䉏䋬䇸਎⇇᳓Ḱ䈱⎇ⓥ䇹䋬䇸⌀䈮ቇ↢䈱䈢䉄䈱ᢎ⢒䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸ᐢ䈒␠ળ䈻䈱⽸₂䇹䈫䈇䈉ⷞὐ䈪䋬䈇䈦䈠䈉᣿⏕䈮␠ળ䈮⊒ା䈚䈩䈇䈒ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱⠨䈋䈲䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᣇ㊎䈮ว⥌䈜䉎䉅䈱䈪䈅䉍䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱䊎䉳䊎䊥䊁䉞䉕㜞䉄䋬ᢎ⢒䈱⾰䈱ะ਄䈮⾗䈜䉎䉅䈱䈪䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䉁䈜䇯䈠䈖䈪䋬ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶ䈱䉅䈫䈮䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉫䊦䊷䊒䉕⸳⟎䈚䈩ᬌ⸛䈚䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱⊒⿷䉕᳿ቯ䈇䈢䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯ᬌ⸛䈮䈅䈢䈦䈩䈲䋬ᒰᤨ䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈮ቴຬᢎ᝼䈫䈚䈩᧪䉌䉏䈩䈇䈢 MIT 䈱ችᎹ❥ᢎ᝼䈮ᄢᄌ䈗ዧജ䉕⾦䉒䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯ችᎹ❥ᢎ᝼䈲䋬MIT 䈱䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ഃ⸳䈮㑐䉒䉍䋬⃻࿷䉅䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈮㑐䉒䉎ᵴേ䉕਎⇇⊛䈮ᐢ䈒ⴕ䈦䈩䈍䉌䉏䉁䈜䇯
3 ᐕ૛䈱䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈫䈚䈩ᆎ䉁䉍䉁䈚䈢䈏䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᵴേౝኈ䈲䋬ᄢቇ䈏ᜬ⛯⊛䈮ⴕ䈉䈼䈐䉅䈱䈪䈅䉍䋬ᢎຬ䈱ᢎ⢒ᵴേ෸䈶␠ળ⽸₂ᵴേ䈫䈚䈩⹏ଔ䈜䈼䈐䉅䈱䈫⠨䈋䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯౏㐿䈚䈩䈇䉎䉮䊷䉴䈲䋬䉁䈣䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᢙජ䈱⑼⋡䈱䈗䈒৻ㇱ䈪䈜䈏䋬ቇോㇱ䈱ᢎോᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䉇ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱ᢎ⢒ᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋨ELMS䋩䈫䈱ㅪ៤䉕࿑䉍䋬⊒ዷ䈘䈞䈩䈇䈐䈢䈇䈫⠨䈋䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯੹ᓟ䈫䉅䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈮䈧䈇䈩䋬䈗ℂ⸃䋬䈗ᡰេ䉕⾦䉍䉁䈜䉋䈉䋬䈍㗿䈇䈇䈢䈚䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ ೽ቇ㐳䊶ℂ੐䋨ᢎ⢒╬ᜂᒰ䋩
૒ષ㩷 ᶈ

Ⴘഏ‒
Ꮞ㗡⸒
⋡ᰴ
1. ᭎ⷐ

1

1.1

⋡⊛

2

1.2

⚵❱

3

1.3

䉲䉴䊁䊛

5

2. ᵴേ⁁ᴫ

6

2.1

⸥㍳

6

2.2

⻠⟵⾗ᢱ౏㐿⁁ᴫ

82.3

ቇౝ䈪䈱ᵴേ

92.4

ቇᄖ䈪䈱ᵴേ

13

2.5

⪺૞ᮭಣℂ

16

3. ੹ᓟ䈱⺖㗴

19

ෳ⠨⾗ᢱ

20

I.

ർᄢ OCW ೑↪᧦ઙII.

Memorandum of CooperationIII.

Web 䉰䉟䊃䉟䊜䊷䉳

IV.

ឝタ⑼⋡

V.

ᬌ⸛䌗䌇ႎ๔ᦠ

VI.

JOCW ળೣ

VII.

OCWC 䊜䊮䊋䊷৻ⷩ

VIII.

࿖㓙ળ⼏ "Open Education Conference"

IX.

࿖㓙ળ⼏ "DLI2006"

X.

ᖱႎᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ㓸ળ 2006

XI.

䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃

‣†‒ ಒᙲ‒␠ળ䈱ᖱႎൻ䈏ᕆㅦ䈮ㅴ䉃䈭䈎䈪䋬᡽ᐭ䈲䋬21 ਎♿ᦨೋ䈱ᐕ䋬2001
ᐕ䈮䋬5 ᐕએౝ䈮਎⇇ᦨవ┵䈱 IT ࿖ኅ䈫䈭䉎䈖䈫䉕䉄䈙䈜 e-Japan ᚢ⇛䉕ᛂ䈤಴䈚䈢䇯䈖䉏䈮ᴪ䈉ᒻ䈪䋬2001 ᐕ 3 ᦬䈮䈲䋬ᄢቇ⸳⟎ၮḰ䈱ᡷቯ䈮䉋䉍䋬ᄢቇ䈮䈍䈇䈩䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃䉕೑↪䈚䈢᝼ᬺ䈏น⢻䈫䈭䉍䋬䈖䉏䉕ฃ䈔䋬⠉ᐕ䋬ାᎺᄢቇ䈮䈍䈇䈩䋬䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃䉕೑↪䈚䈢᝼ᬺ䋭e 䊤䊷䊆䊮䉫䈪䋬ోන૏䉕ขᓧ䈪䈐䉎ᄢቇ㒮䈏㐿ᩞ䈘䉏䈢䇯䈖䉏䈫䋬䈾䈿ᤨ䉕ห䈛䈒䈚䈩䋬☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ䋨MIT䋩䈲䋬䈍䉋䈠 10 ᐕ㑆䈪䋬ోᢎ⢒
⺖⒟䈱䈾䈫䉖䈬⑼⋡䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䉕䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃਄䈪ήఘ౏㐿䈜䉎䈫䈇䈉䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱᭴ᗐ䉕⊒⴫䈚䈢䇯䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃䉕ᢎ⢒䈪ᵴ↪䈜䉎e 䊤䊷䊆䊮䉫䈫䈇䈉⸒⪲䈲⡊ᣂ䈚䈒䈭䈒䈭䈦䈩䈐䈩䈇䉎䈏䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉕䉅฽䉃ᐢ䈇ᗧ๧䈪૶䉒䉏䈢䉍䋬฽䉁䈭䈇⁜䈇ᗧ๧䈪૶䉒䉏䈢䉍䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯␠ળੱะ䈔䈱䌥䊤䊷䊆䊮䉫䈲䋬ㅢାᢎ⢒䈪ⴕ䈦䈩䈐䈢␠ળੱᢎ⢒䈱䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃

䈫䉅⸒䈋䉎䈏䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬න૏䉇⾗ᩰ䈱ขᓧ䈲઻䉒䈭䈇䋬⍮⼂䈏䈅䈸䉏䉎ᖱႎ␠ળ䈮䈍䈇䈩䋬ᄢቇ䈱ᓎഀ䈫䈚䈩䋬㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈱⍮⼂䈱᥉෸䉕䉄䈙䈜␠ળ⽸₂䊶ᢎ⢒ᵴേ䈪䈅䉎䇯
2005 ᐕ 5 ᦬䈮䋬᧲੩ᄢቇ䋬੩ㇺᄢቇ䋬ᄢ㒋ᄢቇ䋬᧲੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇ䋬ᘮᔕᄢቇ෸䈶ᣧⒷ↰ᄢቇ䈱 6 䈧䈱ᄢቇ䈏ᣣᧄ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ㅪ⛊ળ䉕⚿ᚑ䈚䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ឭଏ䉕㐿ᆎ䈚䈢䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬䈖䈱䉋䈉䈭േะ䉕䈸䉁䈋䋬ᬌ⸛䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈐䈢䈏䋬2005 ᐕ 6 ᦬䋬MIT 䈱䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ഃ⸳䈮㑐䉒䈦䈢ችᎹ❥ᢎ᝼䈏䋬ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱ጟㇱᚑ₵ᢎ᝼䈱䈫䈖䉐䈮ቴຬ䈫䈚䈩⌕છ䈘䉏䈢䈱䉕ᯏળ䈮䋬ౕ૕⊛䈭ᬌ⸛䉕ᆎ䉄䈢䇯2005 ᐕ 6 ᦬ᧃ䈮䋬MIT䊶䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ᬌ⸛ WG䋨ᐳ㐳㩷 ઻ᚭਭᓼᢎ᝼䋩䉕⸳⟎䈚䋬ቇౝ䉝䊮䉬䊷䊃⺞ᩏ෸䈶వⴕ䈚䈩䈇䉎ᄢቇ䈱䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱⺞ᩏ䉕ⴕ䈇䋬9 ᦬䈮ႎ๔ᦠ䉕䉁䈫䉄䋬䈖䉏䈮ၮ䈨䈇䈩䋬10 ᦬ 24 ᣣ䈱ᓎຬળ䈪䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱㐿ᆎ䈫䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䈻䈱ෳട䉕᳿ቯ䈚䈢䇯䈖䈱᳿ቯ䉕ฃ䈔䋬11 ᦬ 8 ᣣ䋬ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃ታᣉḰ஻ᆔຬળ䈏㐿௅䈘䉏䋬ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 WG ⸳⟎╬䈱ၮᧄᣇ㊎䈏᳿ቯ䈘䉏䋬
11 ᦬ 28 ᣣ䋬╙ 1 ࿁ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 WG䋨ᐳ㐳㩷 ૒ષᶈ೽ቇ㐳䊶ℂ੐䋩䈏㐿௅䈘䉏䈢䇯2006
ᐕ 1 ᦬ 1 ᣣઃ䈪䋬วᎹᱜᐘ᳁䈏 OCW ․છᢎຬ䈫䈚䈩⌕છ䈚䋬ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷䈮䋬ർᄢ OCW
䈱䉥䊐䉞䉴䈏⟎䈎䉏䋬ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䈏✬ᚑ䈘䉏䋬ౕ૕⊛䈭૞ᬺ䈏㐿ᆎ䈘䉏䈢䇯⸘↹ㅢ䉍䋬2006 ᐕ 5
᦬䈮 10 એ਄䈱⑼⋡䉕䉅䈦䈩䋬ർᄢ OCW 䉕౏㐿䈚䋬2006 ᐕ 3 ᦬⃻࿷䋬29 䈱⑼⋡䉕౏㐿䈜䉎䈮⥋
䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯

㧙㧙

‣†‣‒ Ⴘႎ‒ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱⋡⊛䈲䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈪ⴕ䉒䉏䈩䈇䉎ᢎ⢒䈱⻠⟵ᖱႎ䉕
Web 䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䈅䉎䇯䈖䈖䈪䋬⻠⟵ᖱႎ䈫䈲䉲䊤䊋䉴䋬⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃䋬䊁䉨䉴䊃䋬䊒䊧䉷䊮䊁䊷䉲䊢䊮⾗ᢱ䋬⹜㛎໧㗴෸䈶ቇ↢䈱䊉䊷䊃䉅฽䉃㑐ㅪ⾗ᢱ䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷 MIT䊶䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ᬌ⸛ WG 䈲䋬䈠䈱ႎ๔ᦠ䋨ෳ⠨⾗ᢱ䋩䈪䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᓎഀ䈫䈚䈩䋬એਅ䈱 3 ὐ䉕᜼䈕䈩䈇䉎䇯䊶ᄢቇ䈱␠ળ⽸₂䊶ᄢቇ䈱䊎䉳䊎䊥䊁䉞ะ਄䊶ᄢቇᢎ⢒䈱ᡷༀ㩷㩷 ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬䈖䈱ႎ๔䉕䉅䈫䈮䋬3 ᐕ૛䈱䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈫䈚䈩㐿ᆎ䈘䉏䈢䇯
2006 ᐕ 5 ᦬䉁䈪䈮䋬10 ⑼⋡એ਄౏㐿䈚䋬㗅ᰴ䋬౏㐿䉕ㅴ䉄䋬䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱ᦼ㑆ਛ䈮䋬ቇౝ䈱໪⫥䈮ദ䉄䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ലᨐ䋬ផㅴ䈜䉎⚵❱૕೙䋬ᔅⷐ䈭ᛛⴚ䋬೑↪⠪䈱⹏್䈭䈬䉕᣿䉌䈎䈮䈚䋬ᦼ㑆⚳ੌ೨䈮ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶ╬䈪⹏ଔ䉕ⴕ䈇䋬⛮⛯䈜䉎䈎䈬䈉䈎䉕✚㐳䈏್ᢿ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈫䈭䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯
ᣣᧄ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䋨JOCW䋩䈮ෳട䈚䋬JOCW 䈫ㅪ៤䈚䈩䋬⻠⟵ᖱႎ䈱
Web ౏㐿䈮䉋䉎⍮䈱ഃㅧ䈫౒᦭䈮⽸₂䈜䉎䈫䈫䉅䈮䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉕࿖㓙ൻ䈻䈱ኻᔕ䈫䈚䈩䉅૏⟎䈨䈔䋬࿖ౝᄖ䈎䉌ఝ⑲䈭ቇ↢䉕ㄫ䈋䉎䈢䉄䈮䉅䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱䊎䉳䊎䊥䊁䉞䉕㜞䉄䉎䈖䈫䈏⢄ⷐ䈪䈅䉍䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䈖䉏䈮⽸₂䈜䉎䉅䈱䈫૏⟎䈨䈔䉌䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯䉁䈢䋬⻠⟵ᖱႎ䈱౏㐿䈲䋬ᢎ⢒䈮㑐䈜䉎ᢎຬ㑆䈱䈧䈭䈏䉍䉕ଦㅴ䈚䋬ᢎ⢒䈱ᡷༀ䈮⾗䈜䉎䉅䈱䈫⠨䈋䉌䉏䉎䇯䈠䉏䉉䈋䋬ቇോㇱ䈱ᢎോᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋨䉲䊤䊋䉴䉲䉴䊁䊛䈾䈎䋩෸䈶ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱ᢎ⢒ᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋨ELMS䋩╬䈫ㅪ៤䈜䉎䈖䈫䈪䋬⻠⟵ᖱႎ╬ᢎ⢒䉮䊮䊁䊮䉿䈱䉝䊷䉦䉟䊑䈫ౣ೑↪䈱ଦㅴ䈮⾗䈜䉎䉅䈱䈫⠨䈋䉎䇯㧙㧙‣†․‒ ኵጢ‒ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈪䈲䋬ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶ䈱䉅䈫䈮䋬ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 WG䋨ർᄢ OCW
WG䋩䈏⸳⟎䈘䉏䋬䈠䈖䈪ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ ᓎຬળOCW䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛
http://ocwconsortium.org䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱ౕ૕⊛ᣇ㊎෸䈶ታⴕᣇᴺ䈏᳿MIT OCW૞ᬺ䉕ᜂᒰ䈜䉎ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䈏⸳⟎䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯䉁䈢䋬㑐ଥฦㇱዪ䈎䉌
1 ฬ䋬ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈮දജ䈜䉎

ർᄢOCW
⹏ଔ

ർᄢOCW WG

http://ocw.mit.eduቯ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯䈖䈱᳿ቯ䈮ၮ䈨䈇䈩ታോ

ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶ

JOCW
(ᣣᧄOCW䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛)
http://www.jocw.jp
ᐙ੐ᩞ
•ᄢ㒋ᄢቇ
•਻Ꮊᄢቇ
•੩ㇺᄢቇ
•ᘮᔕ⟵Ⴖᄢቇ䋨ઍ⴫䋩•᧲੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇ
•᧲੩ᄢቇ•ฬฎደᄢቇ
•ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ
•ᣧⒷ↰ᄢቇ

⋡⊛䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱ౕ૕⊛ᣇ㊎䊶ታⴕᣇᴺ䈱᳿ቯർᄢOCWታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ㇱዪ╬⋡⊛ർᄢOCW WG䈏᳿ቯ䈚䈢ᣇ㊎╬䈱ታോ૞ᬺർᄢOCWㅪ⛊ຬᢎ⡯ຬᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

⍮⊛⽷↥ᧄㇱ

䈾䈎

ർᄢ OCW ㅪ⛊ຬ䈏ㆬ಴䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯䈘ቇോㇱ䉌䈮䋬ቇോㇱ䋬ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷䋬⍮⊛⽷↥ᧄㇱ䈏䋬ᛛⴚ෸䈶੐ോ╬䈱ᡰេ䉕

ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃૕೙᭎ⷐ㩷ⴕ䈉ోቇታᣉ૕೙䉕䈫䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯‣†․†‣‒ ҅‫⇽ ⁉‵⁁ ٻ‬∓⇞⇍⇕⇮ ⁉‹ർᄢ OCW ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ WG 䈲䋬䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱ౕ૕⊛ᣇ㊎෸䈶ታⴕᣇᴺ䉕᳿ቯ䈜䉎䇯
2006 ᐕᐲർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 㪮㪞㩷㩷ᐳ㐳㩷ᚲዻ䊶⡯ฬ㩷

᳁ฬ㩷

ℂ੐䋨ᢎ⢒╬ᜂᒰ䋩㩷૒ષ㩷 ᶈ㩷

೽ቇ㐳㩷
㩷㩷

ᓎຬ⵬૒㩷

૒䇱ᧁ㩷 㓉↢㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㩷㩷ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㐳㩷ጊᧄ㩷 ᒝ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㩷㩷ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷ጟㇱ㩷 ᚑ₵㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㩷㩷ℂቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㩷

ዊ㊁ኹ㩷 ᓆ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㩷㩷Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ㇹේ㩷 ৻ᄈ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㩷㩷ㄘቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㩷઻ᚭ㩷 ਭᓼ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㩷㩷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ⢻㐿⊒✚ว䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷
ᢎ᝼㩷

㧙㧙

⚦Ꮉ㩷 ᢅᐘ㩷‣†․†․‒ ҅‫ ⁉‵⁁ ٻ‬ᡲዂՃ‒ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈮දജ䈜䉎ർᄢ OCW ㅪ⛊ຬ䈏㑐ଥฦㇱዪ䈎䉌ㆬ಴䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯
2006 ᐕᐲർᄢ OCW ㅪ⛊ຬ㩷
ㇱዪ㩷

᳁ฬ㩷

⡯ฬ㩷

ㇱዪ㩷

᳁ฬ㩷

⡯ฬ㩷

ᢥ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ๺↰㩷 ඳ⟤㩷ᢎ᝼㩷᳓↥⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ㒮ጯ㩷 ㆏㇢㩷ᢎ᝼㩷ᢎ ⢒ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ዊౝ㩷 ㅘ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷࿾⃿ⅣႺ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㔺ፒ㩷 ผᦶ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷ᴺ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ᦩỈ㩷 ᕡ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷౏౒᡽╷ቇㅪ៤⎇ⓥㇱ૒䇱ᧁ㩷 㓉↢㩷ᢎ᝼㩷⚻ ᷣ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ㋈Ꮉ㩷 ᥏ᄦ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷⸒ ⺆ ᢥ ൻ ㇱ

ᅏ㩷 ⡡㩷

ഥᢎ᝼㩷

ℂ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㒮㩷 ዊ㊁ኹ㩷 ᓆ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷

ૐ᷷⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ᧖ጊ㩷 ᘕ㩷⻠Ꮷ㩷ක ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ᷰㆺ㩷 㓷ᒾ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㔚ሶ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲㄞ⷗㩷 ⵨ผ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷ᱤ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ടᚒ㩷 ᱜⴕ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷ㆮવሶ∛೙ᓮ⎇ⓥᚲዊᨋ㩷 ᱜિ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷⮎ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㒮㩷 ධ㩷 㓷ᢥ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷⸅ᇦൻቇ⎇ⓥ䉶䊮䉺䊷᧻ፉ㩷 㦖ᄦ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷Ꮏ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ㇹේ㩷 ৻ᄈ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷䉴䊤䊑⎇ ⓥ 䉶䊮䉺䊷ᦸ᦬㩷 ື↵㩷ᢎ᝼㩷ㄘ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ 㒮㩷 ઻ᚭ㩷 ਭᓼ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

ጟㇱ㩷 ᚑ₵㩷ᢎ᝼㩷₞ ක ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 ⍹Ꮉ㩷 ㅘ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷⇐ ቇ ↢ 䉶䊮䉺䊷ᩉ↸㩷 ᥓᴦ㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷࿖ 㓙 ᐢ ႎ 䊜䊂䉞䉝⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 દ⮮㩷 ⋥຦㩷ഥᢎ᝼㩷㜞 ᯏ ⢻ 䉶䊮䉺䊷⚦Ꮉ㩷 ᢅᐘ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷ᖱ ႎ ⑼ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㩷 Ꮏ⮮㩷 ፄ৻㩷ᢎ᝼㩷ർᣇ↢‛࿤䊐䉞䊷䊦䊄⑼ቇ䉶䊮䉺䊷ጊ↰㩷 ᢅᒾ㩷ᢎ᝼㩷㩷‣†․†‥‒ ҅‫‒∆∞⇧଀ܱ ⁉‵⁁ ٻ‬
ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䈲䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈱ታോ૞ᬺ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯
2006 ᐕᐲർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛㩷
ᚲዻ䊶⡯ฬ

᳁ฬ

㩷

ᚲዻ䊶⡯ฬ㩷᳁ฬ㩷䉼䊷䊐ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷 ᢎ᝼

ጟㇱ ᚑ₵

㩷

ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷 ഥᢎ᝼㩷↰ㆺ㩷 ㋕㩷

䉰䊑ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷 ᢎ᝼

㊁ဈ ᡽ม

㩷

ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷 ഥᢎ᝼㩷ᷰㆺ㩷 ᶈᐔ㩷䉰䊑ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷 ഥᢎ᝼

Ꮣᣉ ᴰ

㩷

ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷 ഥᚻ㩷ጊᧄ㩷 ⵨৻㩷ቇോㇱ OCW ․છഥᢎ᝼

วᎹ ᱜᐘ

㩷

ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷 ഥᚻ㩷ᐔᨋ㩷 ⟵ᴦ㩷ቇോㇱ OCW ᜂᒰ⡯ຬᵤ↰ 㤗㉿ᳯ

㧙㧙‣†‥‒ ⇝⇟⇬∆‒
ർᄢ OCW 䈪䉰䊷䊎䉴䉕ឭଏ䈜䉎䉰䊷䊋䈲䋬⸘ 5 บⒿേ䈘䈞䈩䈇䉎䇯䈠䉏䈡䉏 Web ㈩ା䋬
RealMeida 䉴䊃䊥䊷䊚䊮䉫䋬Flash 䊎䊂䉥䉴䊃䊥䊷䊚䊮䉫䋬䊋䉾䉪䉝䉾䊒䋬䊚䊤䊷䈱ฦ䉰䊷䊋䈫䈚䈩ᵴ↪
䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯䉲䉴䊁䊛᭎ⷐ㩷䊎䉳䉾䊃ᢙផ⒖㩷㪈㪋㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪈㪉㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪈㪇㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪏㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪍㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪋㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪉㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪇

㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ

㪌᦬

㪉㪇㪇㪎ᐕ

㪍᦬

㪎᦬

㪏᦬

㪐᦬

㪈㪇᦬

㪈㪈᦬

㪈㪉᦬

㪈᦬

㪉᦬

䊎䉳䉾䊃ᢙ䋺㪊㪇 ಽએౝห৻ 㪠㪧 䈎䉌䈱䉝䉪䉶䉴䈲 㪈 ฬ䈫䉦䉡䊮䊃䈜䉎䇯㧙㧙․†‒ ෇ѣཞඞ‒․†‣‒ ᚡ᥵‒2006 ᐕ

㩷

㩷

1᦬

31 ᣣ

OCW ࿖㓙ળ⼏ታⴕᆔຬળ

੩ㇺᄢቇ

2᦬

2ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ⼏㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ⢻㐿⊒✚ว䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷

7ᣣ

ᣣᧄ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

3᦬

1ᣣ

China Open Resources for Education (CORE)ർ੩䋨ਛ࿖䋩

ᜂᒰ⠪䈫ᗧ⷗੤឵
8ᣣ

ᣣᧄ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

㩷

15 ᣣ

OCW ࿖㓙ળ⼏ታⴕᆔຬળ

੩ㇺᄢቇ

4᦬

10 ᣣ

OCW ࿖㓙ળ⼏ታⴕᆔຬળ

੩ㇺᄢቇ

19 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ᥳቯ Web 䉰䉟䊃౏㐿㩷

20~21 ᣣOCW ࿖㓙ળ⼏ "International Conference on੩ㇺᄢቇOpencourseware 2006"
5᦬

㩷

6᦬

8ᣣ

ർᄢർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴㐿ᚲᑼർ੩ᄢቇ䋨ਛ࿖䋩

10 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

15 ᣣ

ᣣᧄ OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ᐙ੐ળ

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

17 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

23 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 WG

㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ⢻㐿⊒✚ว䉶䊮䉺䊷

30 ᣣWeb 䉰䉟䊃ᱜᑼ౏㐿

7ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

7ᣣ⸥⠪䊧䉪ർᶏ㆏ᢎ⢒⸥⠪䉪䊤䊑

12~16 ᣣ㩷27 ᣣ䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃㈩Ꮣ
ᣣᧄ OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ᐙ੐ળ

㧙㧙

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

7᦬

5ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷

11 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ⼏㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ⢻㐿⊒✚ว䉶䊮䉺䊷

8᦬

2ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

9᦬

6ᣣ

ᣣᧄ OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ᐙ੐ળ

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

6~8 ᣣ

࿖㓙ળ⼏ "Open Education Conference 2006"⷏቟੤ㅢᄢቇ䋨ਛ࿖䋩

11 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ⺑᣿ળ

᳓↥⑼ቇ㒮

㩷

13 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

10 ᦬

4ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷

31 ᣣ

ᣣᧄ OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛✚ળ

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

11 ᦬

8~10 ᣣ

࿖㓙ળ⼏ "DISTANCE LEARNING & THE

᧲੩ᄢቇ

INTERNET 2006"㩷22 ᣣᖱႎᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ㓸ળ

ᐢፉᄢቇ

12 ᦬

8ᣣ

䊚䊤䊷䉰䊷䊋⸳⟎ർᄢർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䋨ਛ࿖䋩

13 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

15 ᣣ

eduCommons 䉶䊚䊅䊷

੩ㇺᄢቇ

20 ᣣ

ᣣᧄ OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ᐙ੐ળ

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

㩷

㩷

㩷

2007 ᐕ
1᦬

15 ᣣ

䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃㈩Ꮣ㩷

17 ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

2᦬

6ᣣ

ᣣᧄ OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ᐙ੐ળ

ᘮᔕᄢቇ

㩷

7ᣣ

ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛ቯ଀ળᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷

㧙㧙․†․‒ ᜒ፯᝻૰π᧏ཞඞ‒᝼ᬺ⑼⋡⒳೎㩷

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ㩷

⻠⟵㗴⋡ฬ㩷

ኻ⽎ᐕᐲ㩷

ᜂᒰᢎຬ㩷

␠ળ䈱⹺⼂㩷

ⅣႺ䈫࿾ၞ␠ળ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

ችౝᵏ੺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋㩷

૒䇱ᧁ㓉↢

ᚢ੎䈫ᐔ๺㩷 㪄㩷 ᡽ᴦ⚻ᷣቇ␠ળ䈱⹺⼂㩷

⊛䉝䊒䊨䊷䉼㩷ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡㩷ᕁ⚝䈫⸒⺆㩷

⺰ℂቇ 㪘㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪈㩷

ਛᚭᎹቁᴦ

䋨㪍 䉮䊷䉴䋩㩷

⑼ቇᛛⴚ䈱਎⇇㩷䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈱⠨䈋ᣇ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

⍹Ꮉ೰㇢㩷

ᢙቇ᭎⺰ 㪘㩷

ᗲ䈪䈲䈛䉁䉎ᓸⓍಽ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪊㩷

⍹Ꮉ೰㇢㩷

‛ℂቇ 㪠㪠㩷

ᾲജቇ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪊㩷

ㄞ⷗⵨ผ㩷

ᢥቇㇱ㩷

Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ㩷ⅣႺ䈫౏౒ᕈ䈱␠ળቇ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㩷

ችౝᵏ੺㩷

ᢥቇㇱ㩷

Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ㩷⽺࿎䊶᳃ᣖ䊶↢ᵴ䈱␠ળቇ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

ችౝᵏ੺㩷

ᢥቇㇱ㩷

␠ળ䉲䉴䊁䊛⑼ቇ᭎⺰㩷␠ળቇ䈱ℂ⺰䈫ᣇᴺ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㩷

ᰞ੗⟵⑲㩷

ᢥቇㇱ㩷

␠ળ᭴ㅧ⺰㩷

ᣣᧄ䈱␠ળᄌേ䈫ቬᢎᄌኈ

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

ᰞ੗⟵⑲㩷

ᢥቇㇱ㩷

␠ળቇ⎇ⓥᴺ㩷⾰⊛␠ળ⺞ᩏ䈱ᣇᴺ䈫ታ㓙

㪉㪇㪇㪋㩷

ᰞ੗⟵⑲㩷

ᢥቇㇱ㩷

␠ળᄌേ⺰㩷

ᣣᧄ␠ળ䈱ᄌേ䈫ኅᣖ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪊㩷

ᰞ੗⟵⑲㩷

⚻ᷣቇㇱ㩷

᡽ᴦ⚻ᷣቇ䌉䌉㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋㩷

૒䇱ᧁ㓉↢

ℂቇㇱ㩷

࿾⃿ᖺᤊ⁁ᘒ‛ℂቇ 㪈㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

ᣣ⟎ᐘ੺㩷

ℂቇㇱ㩷

ᐞ૗ቇ⛯⺰ 㪈㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋㩷

⍹Ꮉ೰㇢㩷

Ꮏቇㇱ㩷

⍮⢻ᖱႎಣℂ㩷

㩷㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

ᩙේᱜੳ㩷

Ꮏቇㇱ㩷

䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰㩷

䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㩷

੗਄⚐৻㩷

Ꮏቇㇱ㩷

䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰㩷

䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

੗਄⚐৻㩷

Ꮏቇㇱ㩷

ᖱႎℂ⺰㩷

㩷㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

੗਄⚐৻㩷

㩷㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㩷

ାỚ㩷 ථ㇢㩷ቇ ㇱ ኾ 㐷 ⑼ ⋡㩷䋨㪈㪋 䉮䊷䉴䋩㩷ㄘቇㇱ㩷䉫䊨䊷䊋䊦䊶䉣䉮䊉䊚䊷䈱᡽ᴦ⚻ᷣቇ㩷㩷㩷౮௝ⓨ㑆䈱䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈫ᐞ૗䈫․⇣ὐ㩷↢‛ᯏ⢻ൻቇታ㛎 㪠㪠㩷㪄㩷 ᬀ‛ᩕ㙃ቇ㩷ℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ‛ℂቇ․⺰䋴㩷

ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ⛔⸘䊂䊷䉺⸃ᨆ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪈㩷

⷗ᑧᐣ჻㇢

ℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

⋧ォ⒖‛ᕈ‛ℂቇ㩷⟲⺰䈫ᩰሶᝄേ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪈㩷

ㄞ⷗⵨ผ㩷

Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

㪩㫆㪺㫂㩷㪜㫅㪾㫀㫅㪼㪼㫉㫀㫅㪾㩷

㩷㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

⮮੗⟵᣿㩷

Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

⚿᥏⋧ォ⒖․⺰㩷

㩷㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

᛬ේብ㩷

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ᖱႎ⍮⼂䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪․⺰

㩷㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

༑↰ᜏ਽㩷

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰㩷ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

੗਄⚐৻㩷

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰㩷ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋㩷

੗਄⚐৻㩷

ⅣႺ⑼ቇ㒮㩷

㪛㫐㫅㪸㫄㫀㪺㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㪠㪺㪼㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪾㫃㪸㪺㫀㪼㫉㫊

㩷㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

㪩㪸㫃㪽㩷 㩷 㪞㫉㪼㫍㪼౏౒᡽╷ᄢቇ㒮㩷࿖㓙⚻ᷣቇ㩷

࿖㓙⚻ᷣቇ㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌㩷

૒䇱ᧁ㓉↢

ᄢቇ㒮⻠⟵㩷䋨㪐 䉮䊷䉴䋩㩷

㧙㧙․†‥‒ ‫ܖ‬ϋ↖↝෇ѣ‒․†‥†‣‒ ҅‫⇽ ⁉‵⁁ ٻ‬∓⇞⇍⇕⇮ ⁉‹‒2006 ᐕ 5 ᦬ 23 ᣣ䈮䋬ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 WG 䉕㐿௅䈚䈢䇯㈩Ꮣ⾗ᢱ䋨5/23䋩
1.

ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䊜䊮䊋䊷⴫

2.

ᵴേႎ๔

3.

ឝタ⑼⋡䋬⪺૞ᮭಣℂਛ⑼⋡৻ⷩ

4.

MOC, OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ෳടᯏ㑐৻ⷩ

5.

䊖䊷䊛䊕䊷䉳䉟䊜䊷䉳6.

೑↪᧦ઙ䋨᩺䋩7.

ᣣᧄ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ળೣ䋨᩺䋩8.

䈠䈱ઁ䋨੩ㇺᣂ⡞䋬IKUEI NEWS䋩․†‥†․‒ ҅‫ ⁉‵⁁ ٻ‬ᡲዂ˟ᜭ‒2006 ᐕ 2 ᦬ 2 ᣣ෸䈶 7 ᦬ 11 ᣣ䈮䋬ർᄢ OCW ㅪ⛊ຬ䈱ળ⼏䈪䈅䉎ർᄢ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ⼏䉕㐿௅䈚䈢䇯㈩Ꮣ⾗ᢱ䋨2/2䋩㈩Ꮣ⾗ᢱ䋨7/11䋩

1.

ർᄢ OCW ᭎ⷐ䈫⋡⊛1.

ᣣᧄ⺆ 䊃䉾䊒䊕䊷䉳

2.

䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉫䊦䊷䊒䊜䊮䊋䊷⴫

2.

౏㐿⑼⋡৻ⷩ

3.

ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䊜䊮䊋䊷⴫

3.

ർᄢ OCW ೑↪᧦ઙ

4.

OCW ㅪ⛊ຬ䊜䊮䊋䊷⴫

4.

䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃

5.

OCW ࿖㓙ળ⼏䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃5.

䇺ᢎ⢒䋬▤ℂㆇ༡䋬␠ળ⽸₂ᵴേ৻ⷩ䇻ಠ଀

6.

䉝䊮䉬䊷䊃㓸⸘⚿ᨐ

6.

ർᄢ OCW ᵴേ᭎ⷐ7.

ోቇᢎ⢒೨ᦼ䉮䊙ᢙ

7.

OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䋨OCWC䋩᭎ⷐ8.

ቇㇱ䊶ᄢቇ㒮⑼⋡ᢙ8.

ᣣᧄ OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䋨JOCW䋩᭎ⷐ9.

JOCW ળೣ

㧙㧙․†‥†‥‒ ҅‫‒˟̊ܭ∆∞⇧଀ܱ ⁉‵⁁ ٻ‬
Ფ᦬ 1 ࿁䋬ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䊜䊮䊋䊷䈱ቯ଀ળ䉕㐿௅䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯

2006 ᐕᐲቯ଀ળ
╙1࿁

2006/5/10╙7࿁

2006/11/2╙2࿁

2006/6/7╙8࿁

2006/12/13╙3࿁

2006/7/5╙9࿁

2007/1/17╙4࿁

2006/8/2╙ 10 ࿁

2007/2/7╙5࿁

2006/9/13╙ 11 ࿁

2007/3/7╙6࿁

2006/10/4․†‥†…‒ ᛟଢ˟‒2006 ᐕ 9 ᦬ 11 ᣣ䈮䋬᳓↥⑼ቇ㒮䈮䈍䈇䈩⺑᣿ળ䉕㐿௅䈚䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱ឭଏଐ㗬䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯㈩Ꮣ⾗ᢱ䋨9/11䋩
1.

ർᄢ OCW ᭎ⷐ䈫⋡⊛2.

౏㐿⑼⋡৻ⷩ

3.

ർᄢ OCW ೑↪᧦ઙ

4.

䇺ᢎ⢒䋬▤ℂㆇ༡䋬␠ળ⽸₂ᵴേ৻ⷩ䇻ಠ଀․†‥†‧‒ ᝻૰੩̓̔᫂‒䉝䊮䉬䊷䊃⚿ᨐ䉇⁛⥄⺞ᩏ䉕䉅䈫䈮䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱ឭଏଐ㗬䉕ⴕ䈦䈢䇯⾗ᢱ
1.

ർᄢ OCW ᭎ⷐ2.

ឝタ⑼⋡৻ⷩ

3.

OCW 䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ෳടᯏ㑐৻ⷩ

4.

䇺ᢎ⢒䋬▤ℂㆇ༡䋬␠ળ⽸₂ᵴേ৻ⷩ䇻ಠ଀

5.

ർᄢ OCW ೑↪᧦ઙ㧙㧙

1 ᦬ 30 ᣣ㩷 㔚ሶ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㩷ㄞ⷗వ↢㩷

7 ᦬ 14 ᣣ ᢥቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ᰞ੗వ↢㩷

2᦬

1 ᣣ㩷 ౏౒᡽╷ᄢቇ㒮㩷૒䇱ᧁవ↢㩷

18 ᣣ ᢥቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ችౝవ↢㩷

1 ᣣ㩷 ℂቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㩷⍹Ꮉవ↢㩷

1 ᣣ ౏౒᡽╷ᄢቇ㒮㩷ਛ᧛వ↢㩷

2 ᣣ㩷 ℂቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㩷⷗ᑧవ↢㩷

7 ᣣ ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ዊౝవ↢㩷

2 ᣣ㩷 ℂቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㩷᧻ਅవ↢㩷

9 ᣣ ᱤቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ടᚒవ↢㩷

2 ᣣ㩷 ૐ᷷⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㩷᧖ጊవ↢㩷

10 ᣣ ᢥቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

๺↰వ↢㩷3 ᣣ㩷 ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㩷ᩙේవ↢㩷

23 ᣣ ₞කቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

⍹Ꮉవ↢㩷

3 ᣣ㩷 ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㩷੗਄వ↢㩷

4 ᣣ ᴺቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ጟ↰వ↢㩷6 ᣣ㩷 ℂቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㩷ᣣ⟎వ↢㩷

10 ᣣ㩷 Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

⮮੗వ↢㩷

22 ᣣ ౏౒᡽╷ᄢቇ㒮㩷ୖ↰వ↢㩷

3 ᣣ㩷 Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

⪤ේవ↢㩷

27 ᣣ ℂቇ⎇ⓥ㒮㩷⨃ᧁవ↢㩷

6 ᣣ㩷 Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

਄↰వ↢㩷29 ᣣ Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

᛬ේవ↢㩷

29 ᣣ ർᄢ✚㐳䋨䊎䊂䉥᠟ᓇ䋩㩷ਛ᧛వ↢㩷

2 ᣣ ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㩷༑↰వ↢㩷31 ᣣ ૐ᷷⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㩷⧯࿯వ↢㩷

2 ᣣ 㔚ሶ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ㩷ᩙၔవ↢㩷㪲࿖㓙ධᭂᄢቇ㪴㩷ᧄၴవ↢㩷

20 ᣣ ㄘቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

₺వ↢㩷㩷 䋨䊎䊂䉥᠟ᓇ䋩㩷㩷

20 ᣣ ᢎ⢒ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

↰ਛవ↢㩷

6 ᣣ ㄘቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

ାỚవ↢㩷

3᦬

5 ᦬ 12 ᣣ㩷 ⷰశቇ㜞╬⎇ⓥ䉶䊮䉺䊷㩷 ⍹᫪వ↢㩷

8᦬

9᦬

㩷

10 ᦬

11 ᦬

ᦩỈవ↢㩷

․†‥† ‒ ഭӪႎᜒ፯᝻૰↝π᧏‒㒝ዻ࿑ᦠ㙚ർᣇ⾗ᢱቶ䈮଻ሽ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎ᱧผ⊛䈭⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱౏㐿䈻ะ䈔䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱䊂䉳䉺䊦ൻ䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䉎䇯
ᜂᒰᢎຬ

⻠⟵ฬ

╩⠪

1.

W. P. Brooks ᢎ᝼ㄘቇ䋨1877-1878 ᐕ䋩

ᣂᷰᚭⒷㅧ

2.

W. P. Brooks ᢎ᝼ᬀ‛ቇ䋨ਇ᣿䋩ਇ᣿

3.

W. P. Brooks ᢎ᝼ㄘቇ䋨1880 ᐕ䋩

ධ㣔ᰴ㇢

4.

W. S. Clark ᢎ᝼ᬀ‛↢ℂቇ䋨1876 ᐕ䋩

૒⮮᣽੺

5.

C. H. Peabody ᢎ᝼ᢙቇ䋨1879 ᐕ䋩

ධ㣔ᰴ㇢

6.

C. H. Peabody ᢎ᝼᷹㊂ቇ䋨ਇ᣿䋩દ็㎯ㅧ

7.

C. H. Peabody ᢎ᝼࿯ᧁᎿቇ䋨1881 ᐕ䋩ᐢ੗ാ㧙㧙

W. P. Brooks ᢎ᝼ ㄘቇ䊉䊷䊃䋨1877 ᐕ䋬╩⠪䋺ᣂᷰᚭⒷㅧ䋩䈱ේᧄ䋨Ꮐ䋺㒝ዻ࿑ᦠ㙚ർᣇ⾗ᢱቶᚲ⬿䋩䈫ടᎿᷣ౮⌀䋨ฝ䋩㩷․†‥† ‒ ⇷∙⇻−⇩⇮ሁ‒એਅ䈱䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃╬䉕⊒ⴕ䈚䈢䋨ෳ⠨⾗ᢱ䋩䇯⊒ⴕ᦬
2006 ᐕ

2007 ᐕ

3᦬ᢎຬะ䈔䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃3᦬ᣂ౉↢ะ䈔䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃䋨4 ᦬㈩Ꮣ䋩1᦬ᢎຬะ䈔䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃3᦬ᐢႎ↪䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃

3᦬ᵴേႎ๔ᦠ䋨ᧄႎ๔ᦠ䋩㧙㧙

2006/10/31
2

1~2

15

3

JOCW

1

SapporoHokkaido University

Kyoto

Tsukuba

Doshisha University
Kyoto Seika University
Kyoto University
Ritsumeikan University

Tsukuba University

Tokyo

Osaka

Keio University
Tokyo Institute of Technology
University of Tokyo
Waseda University
Advanced Visual Communication Center

Kansai University
Osaka University

Fukuoka
Kyushu University

Chiba
National Institute of Multimedia Education

Beppu

NagoyaRitsumeikan Asia Pacific University

Nagoya University

Nara
Cyber Campus Consortium TIESJapan Opencourseware Consortium Members(Oct. 31, 2006)

JOCW

100
OCW
OCW

2
2006

4

OCW

OCW ട⋖ᯏ㑐ᚲ࿷࿖㩷‒․†…†‥‒ ҅ෙᢊ‫҅ܖٻ‬ʮ⇐⇻⇉⇟↗↝ңщ‒ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬2006 ᐕ 4 ᦬ 1 ᣣ䈮䋬ਛ࿖䈮䈍䈔䉎ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱䇸࿖㓙੤ᵹ䈱⓹䇹䈫䈚䈩䋬ਛ࿖ർ੩Ꮢ䈮ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䉕㐿⸳䈚䈢䇯ർᄢ OCW 䈲䋬ਛ࿖䈱࿖ౝ䈎䉌ർᄢ OCW 䈱 Web 䉰䉟䊃䈻䈱䉝䉪䉶䉴䈏ㅢା੐ᖱ╬䈱㑐ଥ䈪ᔅ䈝䈚䉅⦟ᅢ䈪䈲䈭䈇䈖䈫䉕㐓䉂䋬㋈ᧁ⾫ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴ᚲ㐳䋨ᴺቇ
⎇ⓥ⑼ᢎ᝼)䉕䈲䈛䉄䋬ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䈱ో㕙⊛䈭දജ䈱䉅䈫䋬ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䈮䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈱䊚䊤䊷䉰䉟䊃䉕⸳⟎䈚䈢䇯ਛ࿖࿖ౝ䈎䉌䈱䉝䉪䉶䉴䈏ᡷༀ䈘䉏䈢䈖䈫䉕⏕⹺䈚䈢䇯ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䈮⸳⟎䈚䈢䉰䊷䊋䈲䋬ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䈱 Web 䉰䉟䊃䈫䈚䈩䉅೑↪䈇䈢䈣䈇䈩䈇䉎䇯੹ᓟ䋬ᒁ䈐⛯䈐䋬ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䈫දജ䈚䋬ਛ࿖⺆䈱䉮䊮䊁䊮䉿䈱ឭଏ╬䉕ㅴ䉄䈢䈇䈫⠨䈋䈩䈇䉎䇯ർᄢർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴⸰໧ᤨ䈱᭽ሶ䋨Ꮐ䋩䈫䋬䊚䊤䊷䉰䊷䊋䋨ฝ䋩䋨ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䊜䊷䊦ㅢାഃೀภ䉋䉍ォタ䋩㩷㧙㧙

․†…†…‒ ˟ᜭ≏ᄂᆮ˟ሁ‒࿖ౝᄖ䈪㐿௅䈘䉏䈢ળ⼏䋬⎇ⓥળ╬䈮ෳട䈚䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈮䈧䈇䈩ႎ๔
䈚䈢䇯

࿖㓙ળ⼏

㩷

㩷

International Conference on

4/20~21㩷⸥⠪ળ⷗Opencourseware 2006੩ㇺᄢቇ䊌䊈䊦䊂䉞䉴䉦䉾䉲䊢䊮

9/6~8

⊒⴫

Open Education Conference 2006⷏቟੤ㅢᄢቇ䋨ਛ࿖䋩

DISTANCE LEARNING & THE

11/8~10㩷⊒⴫

INTERNET 2006

᧲੩ᄢቇ

⺰ᢥឝタ

⎇ⓥ㓸ળ

㩷

㩷

11/22~23㩷

⊒⴫

ᐢፉᄢቇ

⺰ᢥឝタ

㩷

㩷

ᖱႎᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ㓸ળ䈠䈱ઁർᶏ㆏ᄢቇർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴㐿ᚲᑼ

5/8
ർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䋨ਛ࿖䋩㧙㧙

․†‧‒ ᓸ˺ೌϼྸ‒䉁䈝䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈱⪺૞ᮭ䈪䈅䉎䈏䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈱 Web 䉰䉟䊃ో૕䈲䋬䊂䊷䉺䊔䊷䉴䈱⪺૞‛䈫䈚䈩䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈏⁛⥄䈮૞ᚑ䈚䈢⪺૞‛䈫ว䉒䈞䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈏⪺૞ᮭ䉕᦭䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯ർᄢ
OCW 䈱 Web 䉰䉟䊃䈪ឭଏ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎୘䇱䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈱⪺૞ᮭ䈲䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈲⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈱⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈮ർᄢ OCW 䈻䈱⪺૞ᮭ䈱⼑ᷰ䉕᳞䉄䈝䋬୘䇱䈱⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈏䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈏ⷙቯ䈚䈢೑↪᧦ઙ䈮䈚䈢䈏䈦䈩೑↪⠪䈏૶↪䈜䉎䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䉕೨ឭ䈮䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈏 Web 䉰䉟䊃䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕૶↪⸵⻌䈜䉎䈫䈇䈉ᒻ䉕䈫䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯ᰴ䈮䋬ᢎຬ䈎䉌ឭଏ䈘䉏䈢⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈮฽䉁䉏䉎╙ਃ⠪䈱⪺૞‛䋨࿑䋬䉫䊤䊐䋬౮⌀䋬ᢥ┨䈭䈬䋩䈮䈧䈇䈩䈪䈅䉎䈏䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈲䋬䈠䈱╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈮ኻ䈚䋬䈠䉏䉕ർᄢ OCW 䈱
Web 䉰䉟䊃䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮ᔅⷐ䈭૶↪⸵⻌䉕ᓧ䉎ᚻ⛯䈐䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈇䉎䇯ᣣᧄ䈱⪺૞ᮭᴺ䈲䋬⪺૞ᮭ䈱೙㒢䈫䈚䈩䋬ᒁ↪䋨╙ਃචੑ᧦䋩෸䈶ቇᩞ䈠䈱ઁ䈱ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈮䈍䈔䉎ⶄ⵾╬䋨㕖༡೑䈱ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈪䋬䈠䈱᝼ᬺ䈱ㆊ⒟䈮䈍䈔䉎૶↪䈮ଏ䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈫䈜䉎႐ว䈮䈲䋬ᔅⷐ䈫⹺䉄䉌䉏䉎㒢ᐲ䈮䈍䈇䈩䋬౏⴫䈘䉏䈢⪺૞‛䉕ⶄ⵾䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉎䇯䋩䋨╙ਃච੖᧦䋩╬䉕ⷙቯ䈚䋬䈖䉏䉌䈱⋡⊛䈪䈱૶↪䉕૶↪⸵⻌䈭䈚䈪⹺䉄䈩䈇䉎䇯䈚䈎䈚䈭䈏䉌䋬㕖༡೑䈱ᢎ⢒೑↪䈫䈲䈇䈋䋬OCW 䈱 Web 䉰䉟䊃䈪䈱౏㐿䈮䈲╙ਃච੖᧦䈲ㆡ↪䈘䉏䈭䈇䇯䈠䈖䈪䋬ർᄢ
OCW 䈪䈲䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈪╙ਃ⠪䈱⪺૞‛䈏૶↪䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎႐ว䈲䋬䈠䈱╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱⪺૞ᮭ䈮㑐䈜䉎ᖱႎឭଏ䉕ᒰ⹥ᢎຬ䈮᳞䉄䋬ឭଏ䈘䉏䈢⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䉕♖ᩏ䈚䋬᣿⏕䈮䊌䊑䊥䉾䉪䊄䊜䉟䊮䈫䈚䈩⥄↱䈮೑↪䈪䈐䉎䋬䈅䉎䈇䈲ᒁ↪䈫䈚䈩᣿⏕䈪䈅䉎႐วએᄖ䈲䋬⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈮૶↪⸵⻌䉕᳞䉄䉎ᚻ⛯䈐䉕䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯⪺૞ᮭಣℂ䉕ౕ૕⊛䈮ㅴ䉄䉎䈫䈐䋬(1)⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䉕૞ᚑ䈚䈢ᢎຬ䈏䋬૶↪䈚䈩䈇䉎╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱⪺૞ᮭ䈮䈧䈇䈩䋬૶↪⸵⻌䉕ᓧ䉎䈱䈮ᔅⷐ䈭ᖱႎ䉕䉅䈦䈩䈇䈭䈇䇯(2)╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈻䈱૶↪⸵⻌䈱໧ว䈞䈮ኻ䈚䋬࿁╵䈏䈭䈇䇯䈫䈇䈦䈢䈖䈫䈏㓚ኂ䈮䈭䉎䇯೨⠪䈲䋬ᖱႎ␠ળ䈮䈍䈇䈩ᢎຬ䈮᳞䉄䉌䉏䉎䉴䉨䊦䈫䈚䈩䋬FD 䈭䈬䈮ᦼᓙ䈜䉎䈫䈖䉐䈪䈅䉎䈏䋬ᓟ⠪䈮䈧䈇䈩䈲䋬಴ ␠䋬ቇળ䋬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈭䈬䉅ᄙ䈒䋬JOCW 䈭䈬䈪䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱␠ળ⊛䈭ℂ⸃䉕ᓧ䉎ᵴേ䉕ᐢ䈒ⴕ䈉䈖䈫䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉐䈉䇯એਅ䈮䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈏ⴕ䈦䈩䈇䉎⪺૞ᮭಣℂ䈫໧㗴ὐ䉕䋬◲න䈮䉁䈫䉄䈢䇯I.

ᚻ㗅ታ㓙䈮ⴕ䉒䉏䉎⪺૞ᮭಣℂ䈱૞ᬺ䈮䈧䈇䈩II.

ኻ⽎ർᄢ OCW 䈏⪺૞ᮭಣℂ䈱ኻ⽎䈫䈜䉎⪺૞‛䈮䈧䈇䈩

III.

໧㗴ὐ
ታ㓙䈱૞ᬺ䈫ᾖ䉌䈚ว䉒䈞䈩ᡷༀ䈘䉏䉎䈼䈐໧㗴ὐ䈮䈧䈇䈩㧙㧙※†৖᪯‒Web 䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䉁䈪䈱ᚻ㗅䈲એਅ䈱ㅢ䉍䈪䈅䉎䇯i.

⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱ฃ㗔ii.

╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱಴ౖ䊥䉴䊃䈱૞ᚑiii.

䋨಴ౖ䈏ਇ᣿⍎䈭䉅䈱䈮䈧䈇䈩䈲⾗ᢱឭଏ⠪䈮໧䈇ว䈞䉎䇯䋩iv.

૞ᚑ䈚䈢಴ౖ䊥䉴䊃䈮ၮ䈨䈇䈢䋬⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈮ኻ䈜䉎૶↪⸵⻌䈱ⷐ⺧v.

૶↪⸵⻌䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈢䉅䈱䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱ᮭ೑⴫⸥䈱⏕ቯಣℂvi.

૶↪⸵⻌ⷐ⺧䈮㄰╵䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈭䈇䉅䈱෸䈶૶↪⸵⻌䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈭䈎䈦䈢䉅䈱䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱೥㒰ಣℂ䋨╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱೥㒰䋬೥㒰䈚䈢ᣦ䈫಴ౖ䈱᣿⸥䋩

vii.

iv ෸䈶 v 䈱ಣℂ䉕ⴕ䈦䈢⾗ᢱ䈮䈧䈇䈩䈱⾗ᢱឭଏ⠪⏕⹺䈱ⷐ⺧

viii.

PDF 䊐䉜䉟䊦䈻䈱ᄌ឵䈫 Web 䈻䈱ឝタ※※† ‫ݣ‬ᝋ‒᣿䉌䈎䈮䊌䊑䊥䉾䉪䊄䊜䉟䊮䈫䈚䈩⥄↱䈮೑↪䈪䈐䉎⪺૞‛䉕㒰䈐䋬䈜䈼䈩䈱╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈮䈧䈇䈩䋬⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈮૶↪⸵⻌䉕᳞䉄䉎䇯ᒁ↪䈮䈧䈇䈩䈲䋬᣿⏕䈪䈅䉎䉅䈱䈲㒰䈐䋬ේೣ䋬⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈮ኻ䈚䋬૶↪⸵⻌䉕᳞䉄䉎䇯※※※† բ᫆ໜ‒i.

૶↪⸵⻌ಣℂ䈖䉏䉁䈪ⴕ䈦䈢⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈻䈱૶↪⸵⻌ⷐ⺧䈪䋬䈠䈱⚂ 1/3 䈏ᧂ࿁╵䈪䈅䉎䇯䈠䈱ᄙ䈒䈲䋬಴␠䉇ቇળ╬䈱࿅૕䈪䈅䉎䇯䈖䉏䈲䋬੹ᓟ䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈪⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈱౏㐿䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䈒਄䈪㓚ኂ䈫䈭䉍䈉䉎䉅䈱䈪䈅䉍䋬ᷫ䉌䈘䈭䈔䉏䈳䈇䈔䈭䈇䇯䉁䈝䋬䈬䈱䉋䈉䈭੐ᖱ䈪ᧂ࿁╵䈪䈅䉎䈱䈎䋬⺞ᩏ෸䈶ಽᨆ䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉎䇯䉁䈢䋬ฦ
OCW 䉰䉟䊃䈏୘䇱䈮⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈫੤ᷤ䈜䉎䈣䈔䈪䈭䈒䋬JOCW 䈫䈚䈩䋬ᦠ☋䊶಴࿅૕䉇ቇදળ䈱࿅૕䈫൮᜝⊛䈮ᄾ⚂䈜䉎䈫䈇䈦䈢䈖䈫䉅ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉎䇯㧙㧙

␠

ii.

૞ᬺ䈱ല₸ൻ
⪺૞ᮭ⠪䈮ኻ䈜䉎૶↪⸵⻌ⷐ⺧䉇ᮭ೑䈱⴫⸥ಣℂ䈮ᄙ䈒䈱ᤨ㑆䉕ⷐ䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯੹ᓟ䋬䈘䉌䈮ᢙᄙ䈒䈱䉮䊷䉴䉕౏㐿䈚䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈱ᵴേ䉕ᜬ⛯⊛䈮ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䈒䈢䉄䈮䈲䋬ઁ䈱 OCW 䉰䉟䊃䈫දജ䈚䈧䈧䋬૞ᬺ䈱૕♽ൻ෸䈶ಣℂ䈱ല₸ൻ䉕࿑䉎ᔅⷐ䈏
䈅䉎䇯

iii.

ᢎຬ䈫䈱දജ
䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᵴേ䈲䋬䈠䉅䈠䉅䋬⚻ᷣ⊛೑⋉䉕䉟䊮䉶䊮䊁䉞䊑䈫䈲䈚䈭䈇䋬⍮⼂䉕␠ળ䈮ㆶర䈜䉎䈫䈇䈉ᄢቇ䈱૶๮䈮ၮ䈨䈇䈢␠ળ⽸₂䈪䈅䉍䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱឭଏ⠪䈪䈅䉎ᢎຬ䈱䊗䊤䊮䉺䊥䊷䈭දജ䈭䈚䈮䈲ᚑ䉍┙䈢䈭䈇䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᵴേ䈲ᆎ䉁䈦䈢䈳䈎䉍䈪䋬䉁䈣䋬ᐢ䈒ℂ⸃䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䈫䈲⸒䈇䈏䈢䈒䋬⪺૞ᮭ䈮䈧
䈇䈩䈱ℂ⸃䉅లಽ䈫䈲䈇䈋䈭䈇䇯䉁䈢䋬ᮭ೑䉇಴ౖ䈱⸥タ䈱ᒻᑼ䉅⛔৻䈘䉏䈩䈇䈭䈇䇯੹ᓟ䋬ᢎຬ䈱දജ䉕䋬䉋䉍৻ጀᓧ䉎䈢䉄䈮䋬ᐢႎ╬໪⫥ᵴേ䈱ᒝൻ䋬⴫⸥䈱⛔
৻䋬ᚻ㗅ᦠ䈱ᢛ஻䋬⪺૞ᮭ╬䈮㑐䈜䉎⻠⠌ળ╬䈱ડ↹䈭䈬䉕࿑䉎ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䇯

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㕖༡೑࿅૕㩷୘ੱ㩷⸘㩷⸵⻌↳⺧వ䋬↳⺧ᢙ䈫⚿ᨐ㩷㧙㧙

‥†‒ ʻࢸ↝ᛢ᫆‒ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬3 ᐕ૛䈱䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈫䈚䈩䉴䉺䊷䊃䈚䋬2006 ᐕᐲ䈲䋬䈠䈱ೋᐕᐲ䈪䈅䉎䇯ർᄢ OCW 䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃 WG 䈱䉅䈫䋬ർᄢ OCW ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䈪䈲䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈱
Web 䉰䉟䊃䈱౏㐿䈻ะ䈔䈢⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈱ឭଏଐ㗬䈎䉌ᆎ䉁䉍䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈱⪺૞ᮭಣℂ䋬Web䉰䉟䊃᭴▽䋬JOCW 䈫䈱ㅪ៤╬䋬᭽䇱䈭ᵴേ䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈐䈢䇯㩷 ౏㐿䈚䈢䉮䊷䉴䈲䋬⃻࿷䋬29 䈪䈅䉎䈏䋬Ḱ஻ਛ䈱䉅฽䉄䉎䈫 50 䉕⿥䈋䋬ᒰೋ䈱⋡ᮡ䉕㆐ᚑ䈚䋬䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈲㗅⺞䈮ㅴ䉖䈪䈇䉎䇯䈚䈎䈚䈭䈏䉌䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬ቇㇱ䈫ᄢቇ㒮䈪䋬ᢙජ䈱⑼⋡䈏䈅䉍䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᢎ⢒䈱䊎䉳䊎䊥䊁䉞䉕㜞䉄䋬␠ળ䈮⍮⼂䉕ㆶర䈜䉎ᓎഀ䉕ᨐ䈜䈢䉄䈮䈲䋬䉋䉍ᄙ䈒䈱䋬ㆊඨ䈱ᢎຬ䈱వ↢ᣇ䈱දജ䉕ᓧ䈩䋬౏㐿䈚䈩䈇䈒ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䇯䉁䈢䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈲䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ
䈮䈍䈇䈩ഃ䉌䉏䈢⍮⼂䈫䈚䈩䋬⫾Ⓧ䈚䋬਎ઍ䉕⿥䈋䈩ଏ䈘䉏䉎䉅䈱䈪䈅䉎䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈮䈲䋬䈠䈱␆䈪䈅䉎ᧅᏻㄘቇᩞ䈮䈍䈔䉎䊑䊦䉾䉪䉴ᢎ᝼䈱ㄘቇ⻠⟵䈱ᣂᷰᚭⒷㅧ䋨ᧅᏻㄘቇᩞ╙ 2 ᦼ↢䋩䉌䈮䉋䉎⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃╬䋬⾆㊀䈭⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈏ᱷ䈘䉏䈩䈍䉍䋬䈖䉏䉌䉅৻䈧䈱䉮䊷䉴䈫䈚䈩౏㐿䈜䉎Ḱ஻䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䉎䇯䈘䉌䈮䋬ㆊ෰䈱⾆㊀䈭⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈱ឭଏ䉕ᐢ䈒᳞䉄䈩䈇䈐䈢䈇䈫⠨䈋䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷 ർᄢ OCW 䈏⃻࿷౏㐿䈚䈩䈇䉎䉮䊷䉴䈲䋬䉁䈣䋬ᢙዋ䈭䈒䋬ో૕䉕⷗ᷰ䈜䈖䈫䈏⍴ᤨ㑆䈪น⢻䈪䈅䉎䈏䋬੹ᓟ䋬ᄙᢙ䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱ឭଏ䈏ㅴ䉃ਛ䈪䋬ᔅⷐ䈭ᖱႎ䉕ข䉍಴䈜䈢䉄䈱ᬌ⚝ⅣႺ䈱ឭଏ䈏ਇนᰳ䈫䈭䉎䇯䈖䈱ᬌ⚝䈲䋬ർᄢ OCW 䈣䈔䈪䈲䈭䈒䋬਎⇇ਛ䈱 OCW 䉕ኻ⽎䈫䈜䉎䈱䈏ᦸ䉁䈚䈒䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䈫ㅪ៤䉕䈫䈦䈩䋬ᬌ⚝↪䊜䉺䊂䊷䉺෸䈶ᬌ⚝ⅣႺ䉕᭴▽䈚䈩䈇䈒ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䇯䉋䉍ᄙ䈒䈱ੱ䈮೑↪䈇䈢䈣䈒䈢䉄䈮䈲䋬䊁䉨䉴䊃䉇↹௝䈱䉂䈪䈲䈭䈒䋬㖸ჿ䉇േ↹௝䊶ᤋ௝䈱ឭଏ䉅ᦸ䉁䉏䉎䇯ឭଏ䈮䈍䈇䈩䈲䋬䊘䉾䊄䉨䊞䉴䊁䉞䊮䉫╬䋬ᣂ䈚䈇䊜䊂䉞䉝䈻䈱ኻᔕ䉅ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉎䇯䉁䈢䋬䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䉕ㆡᱜ䈮⹏ଔ䈚䋬ᔅⷐ䈭ᡷༀ䉕࿑䉎䈢䉄䈮䋬೑↪䈱ലᨐ෸䈶೑↪⠪䈱⹏್䈮䈧䈇䈩⺞ᩏ䊶ಽᨆ䉕ⴕ䈉ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䇯㩷 䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈏ឭଏ䈜䉎⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈲䋬䈜䈪䈮ⴕ䉒䉏䈢⻠⟵䈱⾗ᢱ䈪䈅䉎䇯৻ᣇ䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈪䈲䋬ቇോㇱ䈱ᢎോᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈪䋬䉲䊤䊋䉴䉕 Web 䈪౏㐿䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯䈖䉏䈲䋬䈖䉏䈎䉌ⴕ䈉⻠⟵䈱⚫੺䈪䈅䉎䇯䉁䈢䋬ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷䈱ᢎ⢒ᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋨ELMS䋩䈪䈲䋬ታᣉ䈚䈩䈇䉎᝼ᬺ䈮䈍䈔䉎⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䉕 Web 䈪ឭ␜䈜䉎ⅣႺ䉕ឭଏ䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯䈖䉏䉌䈱䉲䉴䊁䊛䈫䈱ㅪ៤䉕࿑䉍䋬૞ᬺ䈱ല₸ൻ䈫ᢎຬ෸䈶ቇ↢䈱೑ଢᕈ䈱ะ਄䉕࿑䉎䈖䈫䈏ᦸ䉁䈚䈇䇯㩷 䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲਎⇇⊛䈭ᐢ䈏䉍䉕⷗䈞䈩䈍䉍䋬ෳടᯏ㑐䈲 100 䉕⿥䈋䈩䈇䉎䇯ർᄢ
OCW 䈲䋬䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䈫ㅪ៤䉕࿑䉎䈫䈫䉅䈮䋬੹ᐕᐲ䈲䋬2006 ᐕ 4 ᦬䈮ਛ࿖ർ੩Ꮢ䈮㐿⸳䈘䉏䈢ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇർ੩䉥䊐䉞䉴䈮ർᄢ OCW 䈱 Web 䉰䉟䊃䈱䊚䊤䊷䉰䉟䊃䉕⸳⟎䈜䉎䈭䈬䋬ਛ࿖䈱 China Open Resources for Education䋨CORE䋩╬䋬䉝䉳䉝䈮䈍䈔䉎䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᵴേ䈫䈱දജ䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈇䈐䈢䈇䈫⠨䈋䈩䈇䉎䇯㧙㧙

Ӌᎋ᝻૰‒I.

ർᄢ OCW ೑↪᧦ઙII.

Memorandum of Cooperation

III.

HU-OCW Web 䉰䉟䊃

IV.

ឝタ⑼⋡

V.

MIT䊶䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ᬌ⸛䌗䌇ႎ๔ᦠVI.

JOCW ળೣ

VII.

OCWC 䊜䊮䊋䊷৻ⷩ

VIII.

࿖㓙ળ⼏ "Open Education Conference"⊒⴫䉴䊤䉟䊄

IX.

࿖㓙ળ⼏ "DLI2006"⊒⴫䉴䊤䉟䊄
⺰ᢥ

X.

ᖱႎᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ㓸ળ 2006
⊒⴫䉴䊤䉟䊄
⺰ᢥ

XI.

䊌䊮䊐䊧䉾䊃
ᣂ౉↢ะ䈔(2006/4 ㈩Ꮣ)ᢎຬะ䈔(2006/4 ㈩Ꮣ)ᢎຬะ䈔(2007/1 ㈩Ꮣ)ᐢႎ↪(2007/3 ㈩Ꮣ)㧙㧙

※†‒҅‫⁉‵⁁ٻ‬Мဇவˑർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䭱䯃䮞䮺䭺䯃䮀䭭䭮䭩೑↪᧦ઙᧄ⾗ᢱ䯴╙1᧦䬺ቯ⟵䯵䬾䫺એਅ䬺ቯ䭐䭚૶↪⸵⻌䯴એਅ䬄ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬅䯵䬽᧦㗄䬽ਅ䬶 䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬺䭗䬲䬵೑↪⠪䯴╙1᧦䬺ቯ⟵䯵䬺ឭଏ䬤䭛䭚䭑䬽䬶䬨䫻ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬾䫺ฦ࿖䬽⪺૞ᮭᴺ䭓䬬䬽ઁ䬽ᴺᓞ䬺䭗䭙଻⼔䬤䭛䬵䬙䭙䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺䭗䭙⸵⻌䬤䭛䬮એᄖ䬽ᣇᴺ䬶䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭡૶↪䬨䭚䬢䬷䬾⑌ᱛ䬤䭛䬵䬓䭍䬨䫻೑↪⠪䬛䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺䭗䭙ઃਈ䬤䭛䬮ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺㑐䬨䭚ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬦䬮႐ว䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬺᜔᧤䬤䭛䭚䬢䬷䭡ᛚ⻌䬦䫺หᗧ䬦䬮䬷䭎䬹䬤䭛䭍䬨䫻૶↪⸵⻌⠪䯴ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䯵䬾䫺೑↪⠪䬛䬬䭛䭘䬽᧦㗄䭡ᛚ⻌䬨䭚䬢䬷䭡᧦ઙ䬷䬦䬵䫺એਅ䬺ቯ䭐䭚ᮭ೑䭡೑↪⠪䬺ઃਈ䬦䭍䬨䫻╙1᧦(ቯ⟵)

1.

䬄✬㓸⪺૞‛䬅䬷䬾䫺ᣂ⡞䫺㔀⹹䫺⊖⑼੐ౖ䬹䬸䫺⚛᧚䬽ㆬᛯ෶䬾㈩೉䬺䭗䬲䬵ഃ૞ᕈ䭡᦭䬨䭚䭑䬽䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻

2.

䬄䮎䯃䮆䮠䯃䮀䬽⪺૞‛䬅䬷䬾䫺ᖱႎ䬽ㆬᛯ෶䬾૕♽⊛䬹᭴ᚑ䬺䭗䬲䬵ഃ૞ᕈ䭡᦭䬨䭚䮎䯃䮆䮠䯃䮀䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻3.

䬄ੑᰴ⊛⪺૞‛䬅䬷䬾䫺⠡⸶䫺✬ᦛ䫺ᄌᒻ䫺⣉⦡䫺ᤋ↹ൻ䫺䬬䬽ઁ⠡᩺䬨䭚䬢䬷䬺䭗䭙ഃ૞䬤䭛䬮䭑䬽䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻4.

䬄૶↪⸵⻌⠪䬅䬷䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽䬢䬷䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻5.

䬄ේ⪺૞⠪䬅䬷䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭡૞ᚑ䬦䬮ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽ᢎຬ䬬䬽ઁ䬽⠪䬽䬢䬷䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻6.

䬄ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬅䬷䬾䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬺ၮ䬴䬓䬵ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬺䬙䬓䬵ឭଏ䬤䭛䫺⪺૞‛䬷䬦䬵଻⼔䬤䭛䭚⪺૞‛䬶䬨䫻䬮䬯䬦䫺╙䯿᧦䬶ⷙቯ䬨䭚଀ᄖ䬾㒰䬜䭍䬨䫻7.

䬄HU-OCW䬅䬷䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬺䭗䬲䬵ㆇ༡䬤䭛ឭଏ䬤䭛䭚䭱䯃䮞䮺䭺䯃䮀䭭䭮䭩䯴Hokkaido University OpenCourseWare䯵䭡ᗧ
๧䬦䭍䬨䫻

8.

䬄ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬅䬷䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬛HU-OCW䭡ឭଏ䬨䭚䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬽䬢䬷䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻9.

䬄೑↪⠪䬅䬷䬾䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺䬳䬓䬵䬽ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬨䭚୘ੱ෶䬾࿅૕䬶䬑䭙䫺એ೨䬺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺㑐䬦䬵ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬺㆑෻䬦䬮䬢䬷䬛䬹䬓䬚䫺એ೨䬺㆑෻䬛䬑䬲䬮䭑䬽䬽䫺૶↪⸵⻌⠪䬚䭘ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺ၮ䬴䬞ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬨䭚䬮䭐䬽᣿⊕䬹⸵น䭡ᓧ䬵䬓䭚⠪䬽䬢䬷䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻10.

䬄╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䬅䬷䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽ਛ䬶䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䭍䬮䬾ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽ᢎຬ䬛䫺╙ਃ⠪䬚䭘૶↪⸵⻌䭡ฃ䬠䬮⪺૞‛䫺䭑䬦䬞䬾䫺⪺૞ᮭᴺ਄䬽ㆡᴺᒁ↪䬺⹥ᒰ䬨䭚╙ਃ⠪䬽⪺૞‛䭡䬓䬓䭍䬨䫻╙2᧦䯴૶↪⸵⻌䬽ઃਈ䯵╙3᧦䬶ⷙቯ䬨䭚଀ᄖ䭡㒰䬓䬵䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬾೑↪⠪䬺ኻ䬦䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺㑐䬦䫺╙6᧦䬺ቯ䭐䭚ᦼ㑆䫺ᅤ૗䬹䭚࿖䬺䬙䬓䬵䭑䫺ήఘ䬶䫺㕖ឃઁ⊛䬶䫺⛮⛯⊛䬹䫺એਅ䬺ቯ䭐䭚ᮭ೑䭡䫺㕖༡೑⊛䬚䬳ᢎ⢒⊛䬹⋡⊛䬺㒢䬲䬵ⴕ૶䬨䭚䬢䬷䬽䬶䬜䭚ᮭ೑䭡⸵⻌䬦䭍䬨䫻1.

ᧄ⾗ᢱ䯴✬㓸⪺૞‛䭓䮎䯃䮆䮠䯃䮀䬽⪺૞‛䬺⚵䭎ㄟ䭍䭛䭚႐ว䭡฽䭏䯵䬽ⶄ⵾2.

ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽ⶄ⵾‛䬽㗏Ꮣ3.

ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽౏ⴐㅍା

㧙㧙4.

ᧄ⾗ᢱ(ᵈ䰆╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䬛฽䭍䭛䭚⾗ᢱ䬾㒰䬞)䬚䭘䬽ੑᰴ⊛⪺૞‛䬽ഃ૞䬷ⶄ⵾5.

ᧄ⾗ᢱ(ᵈ䰆╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䬛฽䭍䭛䭚⾗ᢱ䬾㒰䬞)䬚䭘䬽ੑᰴ⊛⪺૞‛䭡䫺ⶄ⵾‛䬺䭗䭙㗏Ꮣ䬨䭚䬢䬷䫺౏㐿䬨䭚䬢䬷䫺਄ᤋ䬨䭚䬢䬷䫺෸䭂౏ⴐㅍା䬨䭚䬢䬷ᵈ䰆╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䬛฽䭍䭛䭚⾗ᢱ䬽႐ว䬶䫺䬚䬳䫺䬬䬽ᮭ೑⠪䬽૶↪⸵⻌䬛ᔅⷐ䬶䬑䭚䬢䬷䭡␜䬨䬄૶↪⸵⻌ᔅⷐ䮥䯃䭶䬅䬛ઃ䬤䭛䬵䬓䭚႐ว䬺䬾䫺ᒰ⹥ᮭ೑⠪䬚䭘䫺⋥ធ䫺ᒰ⹥╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䬽૶↪⸵⻌䭡ฃ䬠䬹䬠䭛䬿䬹䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻䭍䬮䫺╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䬺㑐䬨䭚⪺૞ᮭᴺ਄䬽ㆡᴺᒁ↪䬽ⷐઙ䭡ల⿷ᕈ䭡៊䬹䬕ᒻ䬶䬽೑↪䬾⹺䭐䭘䭛䭍䬪䭢䫻਄⸥䬽ᮭ೑䬾䫺䯴⃻ሽ෶䬾዁᧪⠨᩺䬤䭛䭚䭑䬽䬚䭡໧䭞䬩䯵䬨䭈䬵䬽ᇦ૕෸䭂ᒻᑼ䬺䬙䬓䬵ⴕ૶䬶䬜䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻਄⸥ᮭ೑䬺䬾䫺ઁ䬽ᇦ૕෸䭂ᒻᑼ䬺䭗䬲䬵ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬨䭚䬮䭐䬺ᛛⴚ⊛䬺ᔅⷐ䬹ᄌᦝ䭡ⴕ䬕ᮭ೑䭡฽䭎䭍䬨䫻ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬛⪺૞ᮭ䭡᦭䬦䬵䬓䭍䬨䯴Copyright (c) 2006 Hokkaido University䯵䫻ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬺㑐䬨䭚ᮭ೑䬽䬕䬰䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺䭗䭙᣿␜⊛䬺⸵⻌䬤䭛䬮䭑䬽એᄖ䬾䫺䬨䭈䬵ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬺⇐଻䬤䭛䬵䬓䭍䬨䫻ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬾䫺૶↪⸵⻌䭡ⷐ䬦䬹䬓৻ㇱ䬽䭑䬽䭡㒰䬓䬵䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽ᢎຬ෶䬾䬬䭛䬭䭛䬽૶↪⸵⻌⠪䬺⪺૞ᮭ䬛䬑䭙䫺䬬䭛䭘䬽⠪䬺ឃઁ⁛භ⊛䬺Ꮻዻ䬨䭚⽷↥䬶䬨䫻ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽૶↪䬺䬳䬓䬵㒢䭘䭛䬮ᮭ೑䭡⸵⻌䬨䭚䭑䬽䬶䬑䭙䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽⪺૞ᮭ䫺․⸵䫺໡ᮡ෶䬾䬬䬽ઁ৻ಾ䬽⍮⊛ᚲ᦭ᮭ䭡䫺೑↪⠪䬺ઃਈ䬨䭚䭑䬽䬶䬾䬑䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬾䫺೑↪⠪䭇䬽ㅢ⍮䬹䬦䬺䫺䬓䬳䬶䭑䫺ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䭓ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽ౝኈ䭡ㅊട䬦䬮䭙䫺೥㒰䬦䬮䭙䫺ᄌᦝ䬨䭚ᮭ೑䭡଻ᜬ䬨䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻╙3᧦䯴૶↪⸵⻌䬽೙㒢䯵౮⌀䭓䭷䮰䮜䭪䮊䭶䮀╬䫺ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬽ౝኈ䬽৻ㇱ䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ෶䬾ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽ᢎຬ䬷╙ਃ⠪䬷䬽㑆䬽૶↪⸵⻌᧦㗄䬺䭗䭙䫺䬬䬽ข䭙ᛒ䬓䬺೙⚂䬛䬑䭙䭍䬨䯴એਅ䬄૶↪೙㒢⾗ᢱ䬅䬷䬓䬓䭍䬨䯵䫻૶↪೙㒢⾗ᢱ䬾䫺"‡"䬷䬓䬕䭾䮺䮣䮲䬷"૶↪೙㒢"䬷䬓䬕ᢥ┨䬺䭗䬲䬵␜䬤䭛䭍䬨䫻ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺䬳䬓䬵․䬺␜䬤䭛䬵䬓䬹䬓㒢䭙䫺૶↪೙㒢⾗ᢱ䭡ౣ૶↪䬨䭚႐ว䫺೑↪⠪䬾䫺૶↪೙㒢⾗ᢱ䬽⪺૞ᮭ⠪䭗䭙䫺⋥ធ䫺૶↪⸵⻌䭡ᓧ䬹䬞䬵䬾䬹䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻೑↪⠪䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺㑐䬦䫺╙2᧦䬺ⷙቯ䬨䭚૶↪⸵⻌䬽ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬨䭚㓙䬺䬾䫺ේ⪺૞⠪䬽ੱᩰ⊛೑⋉䬺㈩ᘦ䬦䫺ේ⪺૞⠪䬽ฬ⹷෶䬾ჿᦸ䭡ኂ䬨䭚ᣇᴺ䬶ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭡૶↪䬦䬵䬾䬹䭘䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬺฽䭍䭛䭚৻ಾ䬽⾗ᢱ䬽ข䭙ᛒ䬓䬺ᒰ䬮䬲䬵䬾䫺ฦ೑↪⠪䬽⽿છ䬺䬙䬓䬵䫺ฦ࿖䬽⪺૞ᮭᴺ䭓䬬䬽ઁ䬽ㆡ↪ᴺ䫺ᧄ૶↪
⸵⻌ਗ䭂䬺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌ਛ䬽૶↪᧦ઙ䫺෸䭂૶↪೙㒢⾗ᢱ䭍䬮䬾․ቯ䬽⾗ᢱ䬺㑐䬦䬵ㆡ↪䬤䭛䭚೙⚂䬺ᓥ䬕䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻╙4᧦ 䯴૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦ઙ䯵

1.

೑↪⠪䬾䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬺ᓥ䬕䬢䬷䭡᧦ઙ䬷䬦䬵䫺╙2᧦䬺䭗䭙ઃਈ䬤䭛䬮૶↪⸵⻌䬽ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬶䬜䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻2.

೑↪⠪䬾䫺㕖༡೑⊛䬚䬳ᢎ⢒⊛䬹⋡⊛䬺䬙䬓䬵䬽䭎䫺╙2᧦䬺䭗䭙ઃਈ䬤䭛䬮૶↪⸵⻌䬽ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬶䬜䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻3.

೑↪⠪䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽ⶄ⵾‛෶䬾䬬䭛䭡↪䬓䬵೑↪⠪䬛ഃ૞䬨䭚✬㓸⪺૞‛䫺䮎䯃䮆䮠䯃䮀䬽⪺૞‛෸䭂ੑᰴ⊛⪺૞‛䬽ో䬵䬺䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽౮䬦䭡ᷝઃ䬦䫺෶䬾URI䯴Uniform Resource Identifier䯵䬹䬸䬺䭗䬲䬵ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽ᚲ࿷䭡᣿␜䬨䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻೑↪⠪䬾䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽䬨䭈䬵䬽᧦㗄෸䭂఺⽿ⷙቯ䬹䬸䬽ୃᱜ䭡䬙䬢䬹䬲䬵䬾䬹䭘䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻4.

೑↪⠪䬛䫺╙2᧦䬺䭗䭙ઃਈ䬤䭛䬮૶↪⸵⻌䬽ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬨䭚㓙䬺䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺ઃ䬤䭛䭚ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ෸䭂ේ⪺૞⠪䬽⪺૞ᮭ䭡ㆡಾ䬺␜䬤䬹䬠䭛䬿䬹䭘䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻⪺૞⠪෸䭂⪺૞ᮭ⠪䬽⪺૞ᮭ⴫⸥䬷䬦䬵ㆡಾ䬹䭑䬽䬾ᰴ䬽ㅢ䭙䬶䬨䫻䬄䬢䬽⾗ᢱ䬾䫺䯴᳁ฬ䯵䬺䭗䭙䫺䯴䮆䭫䮏䮲䯵䬷䬓䬕⴫㗴䬶૞ᚑ䬤䭛䫺䯴ᐕ䯵䬺䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䭱䯃䮞䮺䭺䯃䮀䭭䭮䭩䬶౏㐿䬤䭛䬮⾗ᢱ䭡䭑䬷䬺⠡᩺䬤䭛䬮䭑䬽䬶䬨䫻Copyright (c) (ᐕ) (᳁ฬ)䫻䬅

㧙㧙

෶䬾䫺䬄䬢䬽⾗ᢱ䬾䫺䯴᳁ฬ䯵䬺䭗䭙䫺䯴䮆䭫䮏䮲䯵䬷䬓䬕⴫㗴䬶૞ᚑ䬤䭛䫺䯴ᐕ䯵䬺䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䭱䯃䮞䮺䭺䯃䮀䭭䭮䭩䬶౏㐿䬤䭛䬮⾗ᢱ䭡䭑䬷䬺⠡᩺䬤䭛䬮䭑䬽䬶䬨䫻Copyright (c) (ᐕ) (ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ)䫻䬅
5.

೑↪⠪䬾䫺਄⸥4㗄䬺䭗䭙ቯ䭐䭘䭛䬮ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽䭶䮳䭿䮊䮏⴫⸥䬷䬦䬵䬽႐ว䭡㒰䬜䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽૶↪䬺㑐䬦䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽ᦠ㕙䬺䭗䭚੐೨䬽หᗧ䬹䬦䬺䫺䬄ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬅䫺䬄ർᄢ䬅෸䭂䬄hokudai䬅䬽ฬ⒓䫺䬢䭛䭘䬺䬳䬓䬵䬽ㅧ⺆෶䬾⇛⺆䬬䬽ઁ䬽ᅤ૗䬹䭚䮗䮱䭯䯃䭾䮮䮺䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽⹏⼏ຬ䫺ℂ੐䫺⡯ຬ䫺ᢎຬ䫺ቇ↢䫺ᓥᬺຬ෶䬾ઍℂᬺ⠪䬹䬸䬽ฬ೨䫺෸䭂ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬛ᚲ᦭䬨䭚ᅤ૗䬹䭚໡ᮡ䭑૶↪䬦䬵䬾䬹䭘䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻䬤䭘䬺䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ෶䬾ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽ᢎຬ䭗䭙ⷐ⺧䬛䬑䬲䬮႐ว䬺䬾䫺೑↪⠪䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭡䭑䬷䬺૞ᚑ䬤䭛䬮ᅤ૗䬹䭚ੑᰴ⊛⪺૞‛෶䬾✬㓸⪺૞‛䬚䭘䭑䫺ᒰ⹥ᢎຬ䬽᳁ฬ䭡೥㒰䬦䬹䬠䭛䬿䬹䭘䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻

6.

೑↪⠪䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽૶↪䬺䬳䬓䬵䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䭡ᄌᦝ෶䬾೙㒢䬨䭚䭗䬕䬹᧦ઙ䭡ឭ᩺䬦䬮䭙⺖䬦䬮䭙䬦䬵䬾䬹䭘䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻䭍䬮䫺೑↪⠪䬾䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬺෻䬨䭚ᣇᴺ䬶䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭇䬽䭩䭶䮂䮀෶䬾૶↪䭡䭺䮺䮏䮴䯃䮲䬨䭚䭗䬕䬹ᛛⴚ⊛ᚻᲑ䬺䭗䭙䫺╙2᧦䬺䭗䭙ઃਈ䬤䭛䬮૶↪⸵⻌䬽ᮭ೑䭡ⴕ૶䬦䬵䬾䬹䭘䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻╙5᧦䯴఺⽿ⷙቯ䯵ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䬺䬙䬠䭚ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽ౝኈ䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䫺⪺૞⠪䬶䬑䭚ᢎຬ෸䭂⾗ᢱౝኈ䬽㐿⊒⠪䬺䭗䭙䫺㜞䬓ቇⴚ⊛᳓Ḱ䬺⷗ว䬕ᱜ⏕ᕈ෸䭂ቢᚑᐲ䬛⏕଻䬤䭛䭚䭗䬕㈩ᘦ䬤䭛䬵䬓䭍䬨䫻䬦䬚䬦䬹䬛䭘䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ෸䭂ේ⪺૞⠪䭑䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽ᱜ⏕ᕈ䫺ቢᚑᐲ䫺ຠ⾰෸䭂․ቯ䬽⋡⊛䭇䬽ㆡวᕈ䬺䬳䬓䬵䫺᣿␜䯂㤩␜䬽೎䭡໧䭞䬩䫺৻ಾ଻⸽䭡䬨䭚䭑䬽䬶䬾䬑䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬾䫺⃻⁁᦭ᆫ䬽䭍䭍ឭଏ䬤䭛䭚䭑䬽䬶䬑䭙䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ෸䭂⪺૞ᮭ⠪䬾䫺᣿␜䯂㤩␜䬽೎䭡໧䭞䬩䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺䬳䬓䬵૗䭘䬽଻⸽䭡⴫᣿䬨䭚䭑䬽䬶䬾䬑䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻䬢䭛䬺䬾䫺໡ᬺൻ䬽น⢻ᕈ䫺․ቯ䬽⋡⊛䬺ኻ䬨䭚ㆡวᕈ䫺ᮭ೑䬽㕖ଚኂᕈ䫺ẜ࿷⊛䬹℩∎䭓䬬䬽ઁ䬽ᰳ㒱䬛䬹䬓䬢䬷䫺ᱜ⏕ᕈ䫺෸䭂⊒⷗น⢻䯂ਇน⢻䬽೎䭡໧䭞䬩⺋䭙䬽ሽ࿷䭓ਇ࿷䬺䬳䬓䬵䬽଻⸽╬䭡䬦䬹䬓䬢䬷䭡฽䭎䭍䬨䬛䫺䬢䭛䭘䬺㒢䭘䭛䭍䬪䭢䫻ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬷䬬䬽ઁ䬽ᅤ૗䬹䭚⾗ᢱ䬷䬽ㆡวᕈ䬺䬳䬓䬵䭑䫺৻ಾ⽿છ䭡⽶䬓䭍䬪䭢䫻䬤䭘䬺䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽૶↪䬛䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䭓䬬䬽ઁ䬽╙ਃ⠪䬽․⸵䫺⪺૞ᮭ෶䬾䬬䬽ઁ䬽⍮⊛ᚲ᦭ᮭ䫺䮞䮰䭫䮗䭾䯃ᮭ䫺ฬ⹷ᮭ䬬䬽ઁ䬽ᮭ೑䭡ଚኂ䬦䬹䬓䬢䬷䭡଻⸽䬨䭚䭑䬽䬶䭑䬑䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䭓䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬽⹏⼏ຬ䫺ℂ੐䫺⡯ຬ䫺ᢎຬ䫺ᓥᬺຬ෶䬾㑐ଥ⠪䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䭇䬽ㅢ⍮䬽᦭ή䫺៊ኂ䬽੐ታ䬽⹺⼂䬽᦭ή෶䬾៊ኂ䬽੐ታ䬽⹺⼂น⢻ᕈ䬽᦭ή䭡໧䭞䬩䫺䬓䬚䬹䭚႐ว䬶䬑䬲䬵䭑䫺⚻ᷣ⊛៊ኂ䫺‛⊛෶䬾ੱ⊛䬹៊ኂ䫺ㅺᄬ೑⋉䬹䬸䭡฽䭏䫺ઃ㓐៊ኂ䫺⚿ᨐ៊ኂ䬬䬽ઁ䬽ᅤ૗䬹䭚៊ኂ䬺䬳䬓䬵䭑䫺৻ಾ⽿છ䭡⽶䬕䭑䬽䬶䬾䬑䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻╙6᧦䯴⚳ੌ䯵ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌෸䭂䬢䭛䬺ၮ䬴䬞ᮭ೑䬾䫺೑↪⠪䬺䭗䭚ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬽㆑෻䬺䭗䭙䫺⥄േ⊛䬺⚳ੌ䬨䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻䬦䬚䬦䬹䬛䭘䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺ၮ䬴䬜ੑᰴ⊛⪺૞‛䫺✬㓸⪺૞‛෶䬾䮎䯃䮆䮠䯃䮀䬽⪺૞‛䭡೑↪⠪䬚䭘ฃ㗔䬦䬮୘ੱ෶䬾࿅૕䬾䫺䬚䬚䭚୘ੱ෶䬾࿅૕䬛ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䭡ㆩ቞䬦䬵䬓䭚㒢䭙䬺䬙䬓䬵䫺䬬䬽૶↪⸵⻌䬾⚳ੌ䬦䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻╙1᧦䫺╙3᧦䫺╙4᧦䫺╙5᧦෸䭂╙7᧦䬾䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬛⚳ੌ䬦䬵䭑䬹䬙᦭ല䬺ሽ⛯䬨䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻਄⸥䬽᧦㗄䬺ᓥ䬕䬢䬷䭡᧦ઙ䬷䬦䬵䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬾᳗ਭ䬺ሽ⛯䬨䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䯴䬮䬯䬦䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺ㆡ↪䬤䭛䭚⪺૞ᮭ෶䬾⪺૞⠪ੱᩰᮭ䬽ሽ⛯ᦼ㑆䬺㒢䭙䭍䬨䯵䫻䬦䬚䬦䬹䬛䭘䫺૶↪⸵⻌⠪䬾䫺೎䬽૶↪⸵⻌᧦㗄䬽ਅ䬶ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭡౏⴫䬨䭚ᮭ೑䭓䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽㗏Ꮣ䭡䬓䬳䬶䭑ਛᱛ䬶䬜䭚ᮭ೑䭡⇐଻䬦䭍䬨䫻䬬䬽䭗䬕䬹႐ว䬶䬑䬲䬵䭑䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䭡䯴෶䬾ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬽ਅ䬶ᣢ䬺ઃਈ䬤䭛䫺෶䬾዁᧪ᔅⷐ䬷䬹䭚ᅤ૗䬹䭚૶↪⸵⻌䭑䯵⚳ੌ䬤䬪䭚䬢䬷䬾䬑䭙䭍䬪䭢䫻䭍䬮䫺਄⸥䬽᧦㗄䬺䭗䬲䬵⚳ੌ䬦䬹䬓㒢䭙䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬾ቢో䬺᦭ല䬹䭑䬽䬷䬦䬵ሽ⛯䬨䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻╙7᧦䯴䬬䬽ઁ䯵㧙㧙

1.

೑↪⠪䬛䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭓ᧄ⾗ᢱ䭡฽䭏✬㓸⪺૞‛䫺䮎䯃䮆䮠䯃䮀䬽⪺૞‛෶䬾ੑᰴ⊛⪺૞‛䭡㗏Ꮣ䬦䫺౏ⴐㅍା䬨䭚႐ว䬺䬾䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬾䫺ฃ㗔⠪䬺ኻ䬦䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌ਅ䬶೑↪⠪䬺ਈ䬗䭘䭛䭚䭑䬽䬷ห᧦ઙ䬽૶↪⸵⻌䭡ઃਈ䬦䭍䬨䫻

2.

ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽䬓䬩䭛䬚䬽ⷙቯ䬛䫺ㆡ↪䬤䭛䭚ᴺ䬽ਅ䬶ήല෶䬾ၫⴕਇ⢻䬷䬤䭛䬮႐ว䬶䬑䬲䬵䭑䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽ઁ䬽᧦㗄䬽᦭ലᕈ෸䭂ၫⴕน⢻ᕈ䬺䬾ᓇ㗀䬦䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻䭍䬮䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽ᒰ੐⠪䬺䭗䭚૗䭘䬽ⴕὑ䭡ᔅⷐ䬷䬪䬩䫺ᒰ⹥ήല෶䬾ၫⴕਇ⢻䬷䬤䭛䬮ⷙቯ䬛䫺᦭ല䬚䬳ၫⴕน⢻䬹䭑䬽䬷䬹䭚䬽䬺ᔅⷐᦨૐ㒢䬽⒟ᐲ䬺䬙䬓䬵ୃᱜ䬤䭛䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻3.

ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬽᧦㗄䬽ోㇱ෶䬾৻ㇱ䬽᡼᫈෶䬾ਇጁⴕ䬺㑐䬨䭚หᗧ䬾䫺ᦠ㕙䬺䭗䭙䫺䬚䬳䫺䬚䬚䭚᡼᫈෶䬾ਇጁⴕ䬺㑐䬨䭚หᗧ䬺䬳䬓䬵⽿છ䭡⽶䬕ᒰ੐⠪䬺䭗䭚⟑ฬ෶䬾⸥ฬ᛼ශ䬛䬹䬤䭛䬹䬓㒢䭙䫺᦭ല䬶䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻4.

ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬾䫺ᒰ੐⠪䬺䭗䭚ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺㑐䬨䭚ቢో䬚䬳໑৻䬽วᗧ䬶䬨䫻ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬶᣿␜䬤䭛䬵䬓䭚䭑䬽એᄖ䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬺㑐䬨䭚৻ಾ䬽วᗧ䫺⚂᧤䫺⴫᣿䬾ሽ࿷䬦䭍䬪䭢䫻૶↪⸵⻌⠪䬾䫺೑↪⠪䭗䭙ឭ␜䬤䭛䭚ᅤ૗䬹䭚ㅊട䬽᧦㗄䬺䭑᜔᧤䬤䭛䬹䬓䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻╙8᧦䯴Ḱ᜚ᴺ䯂▤ロ䯵ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬾䫺ᣣᧄ࿖䬽ᴺᓞ䭡Ḱ᜚ᴺ䬷䬦䫺ᣣᧄ࿖䬽ᴺᓞ䬺ၮ䬴䬓䬵⸃㉼䬤䭛䭚䭑䬽䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻䭍䬮䫺ᧄ૶↪⸵⻌䬺㑐䬨䭚৻ಾ䬽⚗੎䬺䬳䬓䬵䬾䫺ᧅᏻ࿾ᣇⵙ್ᚲ䭡╙৻ክ䬽วᗧ▤ロⵙ್ᚲ䬷䬦䭍䬨䫻ᮭ೑ଚኂ䬽ㅢ⍮ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬾䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䯴ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ 䭱䯃䮞䮺䭺䯃䮀䭭䭮䭩 ೑↪᧦ઙ╙䯽᧦䬶ቯ⟵䯵䭡೑↪⠪䬺ឭଏ䬨䭚એ೨䬺䫺ᮭ೑䬽ᚲ࿷෸䭂ㆡಾ䬹૶↪䬽᳿ቯ䫺෶䬾ᧄ䭭䭮䮝䭼䭫䮏䯴ห᧦䬶ቯ⟵䯵䬶ឭଏ䬨䭚䬮䭐䬺ᔅⷐ䬹૶↪⸵⻌䬽ขᓧ䬽䬮䭐䬺䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽ోㇱ䭡ᘕ㊀䬺ᬌ⸛䬦䬵䬓䭍䬨䫻ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬾䫺╙ਃ⠪䬽⪺૞ᮭ╬䬽ᮭ೑䭡ଚኂ䬨䭚䭑䬽䬶䬑䭚䬷್ᢿ䬤䭛䬮⾗ᢱ䬺䬳䬓䬵䬾䫺ㅦ䭓䬚䬺೥㒰䬦䭍䬨䫻ਁ৻䫺ᧄ⾗ᢱ䬽৻ㇱ䬺╙ਃ⠪䬽ᮭ೑䭡ଚኂ䬨䭚䭑䬽䬶䬑䭚䬷೑↪⠪䬛⠨䬗䭚䭑䬽䬛䬑䭛䬿䫺ਅ⸥䬽ⷐ㗔䬺䭗䭙䫺ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䬺ㅢ⍮䬨䭚䭗䬕䬙㗿䬓䬦䭍䬨䫻䬹䬙䫺೑↪⠪䬚䭘䬽ㅢ⍮䬺㔚ሶ⟑ฬ䬛ઃ䬤䭛䬵䬓䬹䬓႐ว䬺䬾䫺⟑ฬઃ䬽ᦠ㕙䬺䭗䭚ㅢ⍮䭡䮜䭨䭶䭾䮦䮱෶䬾ㇷㅍ䬽ᣇᴺ䬺䭗䭙䬣ㅍઃਅ䬤䭚䭗䬕䬙㗿䬓䬨䭚႐ว䭑䬑䭙䭍䬨䫻೑↪⠪䬚䭘ㅢ⍮䭡䬓䬮䬯䬞႐ว䬾䫺એਅ䬽ᖱႎ䭡⸥タ䬨䭚䭗䬕䬙㗿䬓䬓䬮䬦䭍䬨䫻1.

ଚኂ䬤䭛䬮䬷ਥᒛ䬨䭚⪺૞‛䬷ห৻䬽䭑䬽䯴⪺૞ᮭଚኂ䬽႐ว䯵

2.

ଚኂ‛䬶䬑䭚䬷ਥᒛ䬨䭚⾗ᢱ䬷ห৻䬽䭑䬽䯴ଚኂ‛䬽․ቯ䯵ଚኂ‛䬽⊒⷗䬽䬮䭐䫺URL䬬䬽ઁ䬽ᣇᴺ╬䬺䭗䭙䫺ଚኂ‛䬽․ቯ䬽䬮䭐䬽චಽ䬹ᖱႎ䭡฽䭐䭚䭗䬕䬙㗿䬓䬦䭍䬨䫻3.

ㅢ⍮ੱ⥄り䬛⪺૞ᮭ⠪䬹䬸䬽ᮭ೑⠪෶䬾ᮭ೑⠪䬽ઍℂੱ䬶䬑䭚႐ว䬺䬾䫺ㅢ⍮ੱ䬷䬽ㅪ⛊䭡น⢻䬷䬨䭚䬮䭐䬽ᖱႎ䯴Email䭩䮐䮳䮀䫺㔚⹤⇟ภ╬䯵4.

ଚኂ‛䬽૶↪䬛ᮭ೑⠪෶䬾ᮭ೑⠪䬽ઍℂੱ䬽ㆡᴺ䬹หᗧ䭡ᓧ䬵䬓䬹䬓䬷ㅢ⍮ੱ䬛ା䬩䭚ℂ↱

5.

ㅢ⍮䬽ౝኈ䬛ᱜ⏕䬶䬑䭚䬢䬷෸䭂ㅢ⍮ੱ⥄り䬛⪺૞ᮭ⠪䬹䬸䬽ᮭ೑⠪෶䬾ᮭ೑⠪䬽ઍℂੱ䬶䬑䭚႐ว䬺䬾䫺ᮭ೑⠪෶䬾ᮭ೑⠪䬽ઍℂੱ䬶䬑䭚䬢䬷䬽⸥ㅀ㧙㧙

※※†‒‿⁗ ⁡⁤⁓⁠⁖⁧ ‒⁡⁘‒‒‒‒‵⁡⁡⁢⁗⁤⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠

㧙㧙

※※※†‒›⁇‟⁁‵⁉‒⁉⁗⁔⇛⇊⇮

㧙㧙

㧙㧙※⁈†‒ਫ਼᠍ᅹႸ
‒‒‒≋᪯ɧӷ≌㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ోቇᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ␠ળ䈱⹺⼂㩷 ⅣႺ䈫࿾ၞ␠ળ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ⅣႺ䈫࿾ၞ␠ળ㩷 䋨ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺␠ળ䈱⹺⼂䋩㩷㩷 ችౝ㩷 ᵏ੺㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪈䌾㪍 ᐕᰴ䋻ℂቇㇱ㪃㩷 කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᱤቇㇱ㪃㩷 ⮎ቇㇱ㪃㩷 Ꮏቇㇱ㪃㩷 ㄘቇㇱ㪃㩷 ₞කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᳓↥ቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪏㪆㪉㪏㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷⥄ὼ䈫䈲䈭䉖䈣䉐䈉䋿㩷 ⥄ὼ଻⼔䇮䈫⸒䈉䈔䉏䈬䇮⥄ὼ䉕቞䉎䈫䈲䈬䈉䈇䈉䈖䈫䈣䉐䈉䈎䋿㩷 䉋䈒⠨䈋䉎䈫ታ䈲䈠䉏䈾䈬◲න䈪䈲䈭䈇䇯⥄ὼ଻⼔䈫䈲ੱ㑆䈱ᚻ䈏ട䉒䉌䈭䈇䈖䈫䈎䋿㩷 ⥄ὼ଻⼔䈫䈇䈉ᕁᗐ䈲䇮਎⇇౒ㅢ䈱䉅䈱䈮䈭䉍䈉䉎䈱䈎䋿㩷 䈠䉏䈫䉅䇮ᢥൻ䉇ᱧผ䈮䉋䈦䈩㆑䈉䈱䈎䋿㩷䈖䈱⻠⟵䈪䈲䇮⥄ὼⅣႺ䈮䈧䈇䈩䇮䈅䉎䈇䈲ⅣႺ໧㗴䈮䈧䈇䈩䇮䈅䈒䉁䈪䇴࿾ၞ䇵䈱ⷞὐ䇮࿾ၞ૑᳃䈱ⷞὐ䉕㊀ⷞ䈚䈭䈏䉌⠨䈋䉎䇮䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䉕䉇䈦䈩䉂䈢䈇䈫ᕁ䈇䉁䈜䇯䈠䈖䈪䈲䇮࿾ၞ䈱૑᳃⥄り䈏䈠䈱ⅣႺ䈫ᱧผ⊛䈮䈬䈉䈎䈎䉒䈦䈩䈐䈢䈎䇮੹ᓟ䈬䈉䈎䈎䉒䉎䈼䈐䈎䇮䈫䈇䈦䈢ὐ䈏ਛᔃ⊛䈭䊁䊷䊙䈮䈭䉍䉁䈜䇯䈠䉏䈲න䈮ੱ䈏⥄ὼ䈮䈬䈉䈎䈎䉒䉎䈎䇮䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䈮䈫䈬䉁䉌䈝䇮ੱ䈫ੱ䈱㑆䈮䈬䈉䈇䈉㑐ଥ䉕૞䈦䈩䈇䈦䈢䉌䈇䈇䈱䈎䈫䈇䈉໧㗴䈪䈅䉎䇮䈫䈇䈦䈢䈖䈫䈮䈧䈇䈩䉅⠨䈋䉁䈜䇯⻠⟵䈪䈲䇮䈖䈉䈚䈢䈖䈫䉕䇮ᣣᧄ䊶᧲ධ䉝䉳䉝䊶ᄥᐔᵗ࿾ၞ䈱ౕ૕⊛੐଀䉕ข䉍਄䈕䈭䈏䉌⠨䈋䈢䈇䈫ᕁ䈇䉁䈜䇯㩷
䈘䉌䈮䇮䈖䈱⻠⟵䈪䈲䇮એ਄䈱䉋䈉䈭㩷 㵰ⅣႺ䈫࿾ၞ␠ળ㵱䈫䈇䈉䊁䊷䊙䈮ᴪ䈦䈩䇮⺰ᢥ䋨䊧䊘䊷䊃䋩䉕ᦠ䈇䈩䉅䉌䈇䉁䈜䇯䊧䊘䊷䊃䉕ᦠ䈒䈫䈐䈮䈲䇮૗䉕䈬䈉⺞䈼䉏䈳䉋䈇䈱䈎䇮䈬䈉䉁䈫䉄䉏䈳䈇䈇䈱䈎䇮䈭䈬䈮䈧䈇䈩䇮ታ〣⊛䈮ቇ䈶䉁䈜䇯㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ోቇᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ␠ળ䈱⹺⼂㩷 ᚢ੎䈫ᐔ๺㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᚢ੎䈫ᐔ๺㩷 䋨ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺␠ળ䈱⹺⼂䋩㩷㩷 ૒䇱ᧁ㩷 㓉↢㩷ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪈 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᢎ⢒ቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᴺቇㇱ㪃㩷 ⚻ᷣቇㇱ㪃㩷 ℂቇㇱ㪃㩷 කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᱤቇㇱ㪃㩷 ⮎ቇㇱ㪃㩷 Ꮏቇㇱ㪃㩷 ㄘ㩷ቇㇱ㪃㩷 ₞කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᳓↥ቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷䋱䋮ᚢ੎䈫ᐔ๺䈱ේ࿃䉕䇮࿖ኅ䉕ਥ૕䈫䈜䉎࿖㓙㑐ଥ䈱᭴ㅧ䈫ᄌേ䈎䉌⠨ኤ䈚䇮ᐔ๺䈱ታ⃻䈫⛽ᜬ䉕䊥䉝䊦䈮ㅊ᳞䈜䉎␠ળ⑼ቇ⊛䈭⠨䈋ᣇ䈻䈱᩺ౝ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯㩷 㩷䋲䋮࿖㓙㑐ଥ䈱․⾰䉕䉄䈓䉎ਥ䈭┙႐䈪䈅䉎䋨䋱䋩䊖䉾䊑䉵⊛ή᡽ᐭ␠ળ䇮䋨䋲䋩⥄↱⾏ᤃᐔ๺ਥ⟵⊛⺞๺␠ળ䇮䋨䋳䋩䉫䊨䉼䉡䉴⊛⒎ᐨ␠ળ䈱䋳⠪䈱ኻ┙䈫㑐ଥ䉕ℂ⸃䈜䉎䈖䈫䈫䇮࿖㓙㑐ଥ䈱ਛ䈪䈱᡽ᴦ䈫⚻ᷣ䈱䉻䉟䊅䊚䉾䉪䈭㑐ଥ䉕ℂ⸃䈜䉎䈖䈫䈫䉕ㅢ䈛䈩䇮࿖㓙㑐ଥ䉕䉂䉎ၮᧄ⊛ⷞὐ䉕㙃䈉䇯㩷 㩷䋳䋮หᤨᄙ⊒䊁䊨䉇䈘䉁䈙䉁䈭࿖㓙✕ᒛ䇮቟ో଻㓚໧㗴䈻䈱ᣣᧄ䈱䈎䈎䉒䉍ᣇ䉕ਥ૕⊛䈮ᬌ⸛䈜䉎⍮⊛ၮ⋚䉕㙃䈉䇯㩷 㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ోቇᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᕁ⚝䈫⸒⺆㩷 ⺰ℂቇ 㪘㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

⺰ℂቇ 㪘㩷 䋨ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺ᕁ⚝䈫⸒⺆䋩㩷㩷 ਛᚭᎹ㩷 ቁᴦ㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪈 ᐕᰴ䋻ℂቇㇱ㪃㩷 කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᱤቇㇱ㪃㩷 ⮎ቇㇱ㪃㩷 Ꮏቇㇱ㪃㩷 ㄘቇㇱ㪃㩷 ₞කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᳓↥ቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪈 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪇㪆㪈㪊㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷೨ឭ䈎䉌⚿⺰䈏⺰ℂ⊛䈮ᱜ䈚䈒ዉ䈎䉏䈩䈇䉎䈎ุ䈎䇮ᢥ⺰ℂ䋨๮㗴⺰ℂ䋩䈱▸࿐䈪䇮್ቯ䈪䈐䉎䉋䈉䈮䈭䉎䈖䈫䇯㩷 㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ోቇᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ⑼ቇ䊶ᛛⴚ䈱਎⇇㩷 䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈱⠨䈋ᣇ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈱⠨䈋ᣇ㩷 䋨ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺⑼ቇ䊶ᛛⴚ䈱਎⇇䋩㩷㩷 ⍹Ꮉ㩷 ೰㇢㩷ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪈 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᢎ⢒ቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᴺቇㇱ㪃㩷 ⚻ᷣቇㇱ㪃㩷 ℂቇㇱ㪃㩷 කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᱤቇㇱ㪃㩷 ⮎ቇㇱ㪃㩷 Ꮏቇㇱ㪃㩷 ㄘ㩷ቇㇱ㪃㩷 ₞කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᳓↥ቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇䋷㪆㪈㪆㪈㪈㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈱ၮᧄ⊛䈭⠨䈋ᣇ䉇ᱧผ⊛⊒ዷ䋬ℂᎿቇ䈻䈱᭽䇱䈭ᔕ↪䉕䉇䈘䈚䈒⚫੺䈜䉎䋮㩷 㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ోቇᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᢙቇ᭎⺰ 㪘㩷 ᗲ䈪䈲䈛䉁䉎ᓸⓍಽ㩷 㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᗲ䈪䈲䈛䉁䉎ᓸⓍಽ㩷 䋨ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺ᢙቇ᭎⺰ 㪘㩷㩷 䋩㩷㩷 ⍹Ꮉ㩷 ೰㇢㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪉 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢎ⢒ቇㇱ㪃㩷 ℂቇㇱ㪃㩷 කቇㇱ㪃㩷 ⮎ቇㇱ㪃㩷 Ꮏቇㇱ㪃㩷 ㄘቇㇱ㪃㩷 ᳓↥ቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪊 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷㩷㩷ⶄ⚛ᢙ㩷 㩹㫀㩹㩷 䉕૶䈦䈢ᓸⓍಽ䈱┙႐䈎䉌䋬ᣢ⠌䈱ᓸⓍಽ䉕䉅䈉৻ᐲ⷗⋥䈚䋬⃻ઍᢙቇ䈱ၮ␆䈫ᔕ↪䉕᭎ⷰ䈜䉎䋮㩷 㩷䈭䈍䋬㗴ฬ䈱䇸ᗲ䇹䈲䋬⸒䈉䉁䈪䉅䈭䈒ⶄ⚛ᢙ㩷 㩹㫀㩹㩷 㩿䉝䉟㪀䈮䈎䈔䈢㚝ᵜ⪭䈣䈏䋬䉇䉇䉅䈜䉎䈫ή๧ੇ῎䈮⷗䈋䈩䈚䉁䈉ᓸⓍಽ䈏䋬ⶄ⚛ᢙ㩷 㩹㫀㩹㩷 䉕૶䈉䈖䈫䈮䉋䈦䈩⷗ㅢ䈚䈏⦟䈒䈭䉍㕙⊕䈒ᗵ䈛䉌䉏䋬ቇ↢⻉᳁䈏ዋ䈚䈪䉅ᢙቇ䉕ᅢ䈐䈮䈭䈦䈩䈒䉏䉏䈳⦟䈇䈭䋬䈫䈇䈉㗿䈇䉅䈖䉄䈢䊈䊷䊚䊮䉫䈪䈅䉎䋮㩷 㩷䇸ᢙℂ䈱䈖䈖䉐䉕⍮䉍䈢䈇䈭䉌䈳䋬ᗲ䈪ᆎ䉄䉋ᓸⓍಽ䇹㩷 䇯㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ోቇᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ‛ℂቇ 㪠㪠㩷 ᾲജቇ㩷 㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᾲജቇ㩷 䋨ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺‛ℂቇ 㪠㪠䋩㩷㩷 ㄞ⷗㩷 ⵨ผ㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪈 ᐕᰴ䋻ㄘቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪊 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷ᾲജቇ䈲ᾲ⃻⽎䈮㑐䈜䉎⚻㛎
⊛ᴺೣ䉕ᢛℂ䈚䇮ᴺೣ䈮૕♽ൻ䈚䈢䉅䈱䈪䈅䉎䋮䈲䈛䉄䈮䇮ℂᗐ᳇૕䉕଀䈮䈚䈩ᾲജቇ⊛⁁ᘒ䈫䈠䉏䉕⴫䈜ᾲജቇᄌᢙ
䈮䈧䈇䈩ቇ䈹䇯㩷 㩷䈘䉌䈮ᾲജቇ䈱╙䋱ᴺೣ䉕ዉ䈐䋬Ყᾲ╬䈱ᐞ䈧䈎䈱ᾲജቇ⊛㊂䉕ዉ಴䈚䋬ᾲജቇ䉕૕♽⊛䈮ℂ⸃䈜䉎䇯ᾲ⃻⽎䈱นㅒ
ㆊ⒟䈫ᾲജቇ䈱╙䋲ᴺೣ䉕⠨ኤ䈚䋬䉣䊮䊃䊨䊏䊷䈱᭎ᔨ䉕ዉ౉䈜䉎䇯㩷 㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ㩷 ⅣႺ䈫౏౒ᕈ䈱␠ળቇ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ⅣႺ䈫౏౒ᕈ䈱␠ળቇ㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ䋩㩷㩷 ችౝ㩷 ᵏ੺㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪉㪃㩷㪊 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪏㪆㪉㪏㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷䈖䈱⻠⟵䈪 䈲䇮䇴ⅣႺ䇵䉕䇴⺕䈏䇵䈬䈉቞䉎䈼䈐䈭䈱䈎䇮䈫䈇䈉䈖䈫䉕ਛᔃ䈮䇮ᰴ䈱ὐ䈮䈧䈇䈩⠨䈋䉁䈜㩷 㩷䋨㪈䋩⥄ὼⅣႺ䉕቞䉐䈉䇮䈫䈇䈉䈔䉏䈬䇮䇸⥄ὼ䇹䈫䈲䈠䉅䈠䉅䈬䈉䈇䈉䈇䈉䉅䈱䈎䋿㩷 ੱ㑆䈱ᚻ䈏䉁䈦䈢䈒౉䈦䈩䈇䈭䈇䉅䈱䈱䈖䈫䈭䈱䈎䋿㩷 㩷䋨㪉䋩ੱ㑆䈫⥄ὼ䈱㑐ଥ䈲䈬䈉䈇䈉䉅䈱䈭䈱䈎䇯࿾ၞ䈱૑᳃䈲䇮࿾ၞ䈱ⅣႺ䈮ኻ䈚䇮ᱧผ⊛䈮䈬䈉䈎䈎䉒䈦䈩䈐䈢䈎䇮੹ᓟ䈬䈉䈎䈎䉒䉎䈼䈐䈎䇯㩷 㩷䋨㪊䋩ⅣႺ䈲⺕䈏቞䉎䈼䈐䈭䈱䈎䇯⺕䈫⺕䈏䈬䈉䈇䈉㑐ଥ䈱䉅䈫
䈪䈬䈉ⅣႺ䈮䈎䈎䉒䉎䈼䈐䈭䈱䈎䇯㩷 㩷䋨㪋䋩ⅣႺ䉕䉄䈓䈦䈩䇮Ꮢ᳃䊶૑᳃䈏⥄䉌᳿䉄䈩ታⴕ䈚䈩䈇䈒␠ળ⊛䈚䈒䉂䈲䈬䈉䈜䉏䈳䈪䈐䉎䈎䇯㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ㩷 ⽺࿎䊶᳃ᣖ䊶↢ᵴ䈱␠ળቇ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

⽺࿎䊶᳃ᣖ䊶↢ᵴ䈱␠ળቇ㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ䋩㩷㩷 ችౝ㩷 ᵏ੺㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪉 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪏㪆㪉㪏㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷䈭䈟⊒ዷㅜ਄࿖䈱ੱ䇱䈲⽺䈚䈇䈱䈣䉐䈉䈎䋿㩷 䈠䉅䈠䉅⽺࿎䈦䈩䈭䉖䈣䉐䈉䋿㩷 䈭䈟᳃ᣖ⚗੎䈲⿠䈖䈦䈩䈇䉎䈱䈣䉐䈉䈎䋿䈠䉅䈠䉅᳃ᣖ䈦䈩䈭䉖䈣䉐䈉䋿⊒ዷㅜ਄࿖䈱ੱ䈶䈫䈱↢ᵴ䈫
⑳䈢䈤䈲䈬䈉䈧䈭䈏䈦䈩䈇䉎䉖䈣䉐䈉䈎䋿㩷 䈖䈱⻠⟵䈪䈲䇮ධർ໧㗴䈫䈲૗䈎䇮⽺࿎䈫䈲૗䈎䇮⊒ዷ䈫䈲૗䈎䇮᳃ᣖ䈫䈲૗䈎䇮䈫䈇䈦䈢໧㗴䉕䇮䈭䉎䈼䈒ౕ૕⊛䈭㵰ੱ䇱䈱↢ᵴ㵱䈱䊧䊔䊦䈎䉌⠨䈋䉁䈜䇯㩷

㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ␠ળ䉲䉴䊁䊛⑼ቇ᭎⺰㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

␠ળቇ䈱ℂ⺰䈫ᣇᴺ㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺␠ળ䉲䉴䊁䊛⑼ቇ᭎⺰䋩㩷㩷 ᰞ੗㩷 ⟵⑲㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪉㪃㩷㪊㪃㩷㪋 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪎㪆㪉㪎㩷㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷␠ળቇ䈱ၮᧄ⊛䈭᭎ᔨ䈫ᕁ⠨
ᣇᴺ䉕ቇ䈹䇯䈠䈱㓙䇮ᓥ᧪䈱␠ળቇේ⺰䉕⻠⟵䈜䉎䈣䈔䈪䈭䈒䇮ౕ૕⊛䈮⺞ᩏ䈮↢䈎䈜䈢䉄䈱᭎ᔨ䈱ᠲ૞䇮઒⺑᭴▽䈱ᣇᴺ⺰䉕⠨䈋䈩䉂䉎䇯㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ␠ળ᭴ㅧ⺰㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᣣᧄ䈱␠ળᄌേ䈫ቬᢎᄌኈ㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺␠ળ᭴ㅧ⺰䋩㩷㩷 ᰞ੗㩷 ⟵⑲㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪉㪃㩷㪊㪃㩷㪋 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪎㪆㪉㪎㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷␠ળ᭴ㅧ䈫␠ળ⊛ᯏ⢻䇮␠ળᄌേ䈱ℂ⺰⊛㑐ㅪ䉕䈍䈘䈋䈢䈉䈋䈪䇮ᣣᧄ␠ળ䈫ቬᢎ೙ᐲ䊶ᢎ࿅䈱㑐ଥ䉕ᱧผ⊛䈮ㄭᐕ䈱േะ䉅䈸䉁䈋䈧䈧⠨ኤ䈜䉎䇯䈫䉍䉒䈔䇮⃻ઍ䈮䈍䈔䉎䉦䊦䊃໧㗴䈱᭴ᚑ䉕੐଀䈮䇮ᣣᧄ␠ળ䈮䈍䈔䉎␠ળ⒎ᐨ䈱໧㗴䉕ᬌ⸛䈜䉎䇯㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ␠ળቇ⎇ⓥᴺ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

⾰⊛␠ળ⺞ᩏ䈱ᣇᴺ䈫ታ㓙㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺␠ળቇ⎇ⓥᴺ䋩㩷㩷 ᰞ੗㩷 ⟵⑲㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪉 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪎㪆㪉㪎㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷␠ળቇ䈮䈍䈔䉎ಽᨆ䈫䈲૗䈎䇯䈫䉍䉒䈔⾰⊛ಽᨆ䈮㑐䉒䉎⎇ⓥᴺ䈮䈧䈇䈩⠨䈋䉎䇯㩷 㩷␠ળቇ䈱ቇㇱᲑ㓏䈮䈍䈔䉎තᬺ⺰ᢥ䈪䈲䇮ᱴ䈬䈏⾰⊛⺞ᩏ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯䈚䈎䈚䈭䈏䉌䇮⓭᠄⺞ᩏ䈱ၞ䉕಴䈩䈇䈭䈇䉅䈱䈏ᄙ䈇䇯␠ળ⺞ᩏታ⠌䈮䈍䈇䈩䈲㊂⊛⺞ᩏ䈱ಽᨆᴺ䉕⠌ᓧ䈜䉎䉒䈔䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮⾰⊛⺞ᩏ䈱᝼ᬺ⑼⋡䈲䈭䈇䇯䈠䈖䈪䇮䈖䈱᝼ᬺ⑼⋡䈮䈍䈇䈩⾰⊛⺞ᩏ䈱ၮᧄ⊛ℂ⸃䉕⋡ᜰ䈜䇯㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ␠ળᄌേ⺰㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᣣᧄ␠ળ䈱ᄌേ䈫ኅᣖ㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺␠ળᄌേ⺰䋩㩷㩷 ᰞ੗㩷 ⟵⑲㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪉㪃㩷㪊㪃㩷㪋 ᐕᰴ䋻ᢥቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪊 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪎㪆㪉㪎㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷␠ળቇ࿕᦭䈱⎇ⓥኻ⽎䈏䇸ኅᣖ䇹䈪䈅䉎䈫䈇䈦䈩䉅⸒䈇ㆊ䈑䈪䈲䈭䈇䇯䈚䈎䈚䇮⺕䉅䈏⍮䈦䈩䈍䉍䇮⚻㛎䉅䈚䈩䈇䉎ኅᣖ䉕ቇ໧䈱ኻ⽎䈫䈜䉎䈖䈫䈲䈖䈫䈱䈾䈎㔍䈚䈇䈖䈫䈪䉅䈅䉎䇯㩷 㩷ㄭ⃻ઍᣣᧄ䈮䈍䈔䉎␠ળᄌേ䈱ਛ䈪ኅᣖ䇮ኅᣖⷰ䈱⒖䉍ᄌ䉒䉍䉕⠨䈋䈢䈇䈱䈪䈅䉎䈏䇮䈠䉏䈮䈲䇮ኅᣖ䉕ᝒ䈋䉎᭽䇱䈭ಽᨆⷞⷺ䈏ᔅⷐ䈫䈭䉎䇯䈠䉏䉌䉕◲න䈮⸃⺑䈚䈢਄䈪䇮ኅᣖ䈱ᄌേ䉕䉂䈩䈇䈐䈢䈇㩷 㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᡽ᴦ⚻ᷣቇ 㪠㪠㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

᡽ᴦ⚻ᷣቇ 㪠㪠㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 ૒䇱ᧁ㩷 㓉↢㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪊㪃㩷㪋 ᐕᰴ䋻⚻ᷣቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷㪈㪐㪐㪇 ᐕઍ䈎䉌ᒻᚑ䈘䉏䈩䈐䈢䉫䊨䊷䊋䊦䊶䉣䉮䊉䊚䊷䉕ಽᨆ䈚䋬⃻ઍ⾗ᧄਥ⟵䈱᭴ㅧ䈫ᄌേ䉕᣿䉌䈎䈮䈜䉎䈫䈫䉅䈮䋬䈠䈖䈎䉌↢䈛䈢✕ᒛ䉇⍦⋫䈻䈱ㆡಾ䈭ಣᣇ▐䉕ዷᦸ䈜䉎䋮㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ࿾⃿ᖺᤊ⁁ᘒ‛ℂቇ 㪈㩷 㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

࿾⃿ᖺᤊ⁁ᘒ‛ℂቇ 㪠㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 ᣣ⟎㩷 ᐘ੺㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪊 ᐕᰴ䋻ℂቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷࿕૕࿾⃿䈱‛⾰⊛䈍䉋䈶‛ᕈ⊛䈭ጀ᭴ㅧ䇮ㆇേ䇮ᾲ⊛⁁ᘒ╬䉕‛ℂቇ⊛䈮ℂ⸃䈚䇮䈎䈧䈠䉏䉌䈱᷹ⷰᚻᲑ䈮䈧䈇䈩᭎ⷰ䈜䉎䇯䉁䈢᦬ᖺᤊ䈫䈱Ყセ䉕ㅢ䈛䈩䈠䉏䉌䈱ℂ⸃䉕ᷓ䉄䉎䇯㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᐞ૗ቇ⛯⺰ 㪈㩷 ౮௝ⓨ㑆䈱䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈫ᐞ૗䈫․⇣ὐ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷౮௝ⓨ㑆䈱䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈫ᐞ૗䈫․⇣ὐ㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺ᐞ૗ቇ⛯⺰ 㪈䋩㩷㩷 ⍹Ꮉ㩷 ೰㇢㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪊㪃㩷㪋 ᐕᰴ䋻ℂቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷㩷㩷䇸౮௝ⓨ㑆䈱䊃䊘䊨䉳䊷䈫ᐞ૗䈫․⇣ὐ䇹䈮䈧䈇䈩⻠⟵䈜䉎䋮㩷ᐞ૗ቇ䉇ᄢၞ⸃ᨆ䈱⻉໧㗴䈲䋬ᄙ᭽૕䈫ᄙ᭽૕㑆䈱นᓸಽ౮௝䈱⸒⪲䈪⸥ㅀ䈘䉏䉎䋮䈠䈱㓙䈱ᏱᅃᚻᲑ䈫䈚䈩䋬ᛒ䈉䉪䊤䉴䈱౮௝䈱ో૕䈮૏⋧䉇ᓸಽ᭴ㅧ䉕౉䉏䈩䋬䈠䈱౮௝ⓨ㑆䉕⸃ᨆ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍䋬䉅䈫䉅䈫䈱໧㗴䈮䉝䊒䊨䊷䉼䈜䉎䈫
䈇䈉ᣇᴺ䈏䈅䉎䋮䈖䈱ᣇᴺ䉕⺑
᣿䈜䉎䋮㩷 㩷䈠䈱ㆊ⒟䈪䋬㑐ㅪ䈜䉎ᐞ૗ቇ䈱໧㗴䋬ᄢၞ⸃ᨆ䈱໧㗴䋬䈘䉌䈮․⇣ὐ⺰䈫䈱㑐ଥ䉕⺰䈛䉎䋮ᐞ૗ቇ䉇ᄢၞ⸃ᨆ䋬㕖✢ᒻ໧㗴䋬․⇣ὐ⺰䈮⥝๧䉕ᜬ䈧ੱ䈮ᦨㆡ䈪䈅䉎䋮㩷 㩷䇸⟤䈚䈇䉅䈱䈲⊝䋬౮௝ⓨ㑆䈱․⇣ὐ䈪䈅䉎䇹㩷 㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ⍮⢻ᖱႎಣℂ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

⍮⢻ᖱႎಣℂ㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 ᩙේ㩷 ᱜੳ㪃㩷 ㊁ਛ㩷 ⑲ବ㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪊 ᐕᰴ䋻Ꮏቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷ੱᎿ⍮⢻ᛛⴚ䈮ၮ䈨䈒⍮⊛䉸䊐䊃䉡䉢䉝䈱᭴ᚑⷐ⚛䉕ቇ䈹䋮䈖䈱ಽ㊁䈱ᛛⴚ䈲ᄙጘ䈮䉒䈢䈦䈩䈇䉎䈏䋬ᧄ⻠⟵䈪䈲᭎ᔨ䈏⸥ภൻ䈘䉏䈢એ㒠䈱㜞ᰴ䊧䊔䊦䈪䈱ផ⺰䉇ቇ⠌䈍䉋䈶ਇ⏕ታᕈ䈱ᢙℂ⊛䈭ᛒ䈇䉕ਛᔃ䈮ቇ䈹䋮䋨䈠䉏䈮ኻ䈚䈩䋬ାภ䈫䈚䈩ਈ䈋䉌䉏䉎ૐᰴ䊧䊔䊦䈱䊌䉺䊷䊮䉕⍮⊛䈮ᛒ䈉ᛛⴚ䈲೎䈱⻠⟵䈪䈭䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䋮䋩㩷 㩷䈘䉌䈮䋬ੱ㑆䈱⍮⢻䈮ട䈋䈩ᗵⷡ䉇ㆇേ䈱․ᕈ䉁䈪⠨ᘦ䈚䈢䊍䊠䊷䊙䊮䉟䊮䉺䊐䉢䊷䉴䈱䊂䉱䉟䊮䈱ၮ␆䉕ቇ䈹䋮㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䋨㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ䋩㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䋩㩷㩷 ੗਄㩷 ⚐৻㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪊 ᐕᰴ䋻Ꮏቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䈲⥄ὼ⑼ቇ䈱䉂䈭䉌䈝䇮Ꮏቇ䈅䉎䈇䈲␠ળ⑼ቇ
਄䈱໧㗴䈮䈍䈔䉎ⷐ⚛㑆䈱㑐ଥ䉕ὐ䈫ㄝ䈪⴫䈜䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍໧㗴䈱⷗ㅢ䈚䉕┙䈩䉇䈜䈒䈚䇮ਈ䈋䉌䉏䈋䈢໧㗴䈱㔍䈚䈘䉕䇮㩷 䈠䈱⸃䈏ሽ࿷䈜䉎䈎䇮ሽ࿷䈚䈢䉌䇮䈬䈱⒟ᐲല₸䈱⦟䈇䉝䊦䉯䊥䉵䊛䈏᭴ᚑ䈪䈐䉎䈎䈫䈇䈉ⷰὐ䈎䉌⸃ᨆ䊶⹏ଔ䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱㆏ౕ䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷 䈘䉌䈮୘䇱䈱䉫䊤䊐䈱ᕈ⾰䉕Ꮑᅱ䈮૶䈦䈢䉝䊦䉯䊥䉵䊛䈏㐿⊒䈘䉏䇮ታ㓙䈮᭽䇱䈭႐㕙䈮ㆡ↪䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷 㩷䈖䈱⻠⟵䈪䈲䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䈱ၮ␆⊛䈭᭎ᔨ㪆ㆡ↪ᣇᴺ䉕ቯℂ䈫䈠䈱⸽᣿䈱䉂䈮⚳ᆎ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈭䈒䇮䈪䈐䉎䈣䈔⼾ን䈭ౕ૕⊛଀㗴䉕ㅢ䈚䈩⺑᣿䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䈦䈩⋥ⷰ⊛䈮ℂ⸃䈚䇮ฦ⥄䈮Ṷ⠌໧㗴䉕⸃䈇䈩䉅䉌䈉䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍䇮䈠䈱ℂ⸃䉕ᷓ䉄䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷 㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䋨㪉㪇㪇㪍 ᐕᐲ䋩㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋺䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䋩㩷㩷 ੗਄㩷 ⚐৻㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪊 ᐕᰴ䋻Ꮏቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪈㪌㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䈲⥄ὼ⑼ቇ䈱䉂䈭䉌䈝䇮Ꮏቇ䈅䉎䈇䈲␠ળ⑼ቇ
਄䈱໧㗴䈮䈍䈔䉎ⷐ⚛㑆䈱㑐ଥ䉕ὐ䈫ㄝ䈪⴫䈜䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍໧㗴䈱⷗ㅢ䈚䉕┙䈩䉇䈜䈒䈚䇮ਈ䈋䉌䉏䈋䈢໧㗴䈱㔍䈚䈘䉕䇮㩷 䈠䈱⸃䈏ሽ࿷䈜䉎䈎䇮ሽ࿷䈚䈢䉌䇮䈬䈱⒟ᐲല₸䈱⦟䈇䉝䊦䉯䊥䉵䊛䈏᭴ᚑ䈪䈐䉎䈎䈫䈇䈉ⷰὐ䈎䉌⸃ᨆ䊶⹏ଔ䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱㆏ౕ䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷 䈘䉌䈮୘䇱䈱䉫䊤䊐䈱ᕈ⾰䉕Ꮑᅱ䈮૶䈦䈢䉝䊦䉯䊥䉵䊛䈏㐿⊒䈘䉏䇮ታ㓙䈮᭽䇱䈭႐㕙䈮ㆡ↪䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷 㩷䈖䈱⻠⟵䈪䈲䉫䊤䊐ℂ⺰䈱ၮ␆⊛䈭᭎ᔨ㪆ㆡ↪ᣇᴺ䉕ቯℂ䈫䈠䈱⸽᣿䈱䉂䈮⚳ᆎ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈭䈒䇮䈪䈐䉎䈣䈔⼾ን䈭ౕ૕⊛଀㗴䉕ㅢ䈚䈩⺑᣿䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮䉋䈦䈩⋥ⷰ⊛䈮ℂ⸃䈚䇮ฦ⥄䈮Ṷ⠌໧㗴䉕⸃䈇䈩䉅䉌䈉䈖䈫䈮䉋䉍䇮䈠䈱ℂ⸃䉕ᷓ䉄䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷 㩷㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᖱႎℂ⺰㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᖱႎℂ⺰㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 ੗਄㩷 ⚐৻㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪉 ᐕᰴ䋻Ꮏቇㇱ㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷ᖱႎℂ⺰䈲䇮ᖱႎ䈱㊂䉕ቯ⟵䈜䉎䈖䈫䈎䉌ᆎ䉁䉍䇮䈠䉏䉕ర䈮
䈚䈢ℂ⺰䉕ዷ㐿䈜䉎䇯䈖䈖䈪ቇ䈹੐ᨩ䇮․䈮䇮䉣䊮䊃䊨䊏䊷䉇⋧੕ᖱႎ㊂䈲䇮⃻࿷䈱ㅢାᛛⴚ䈱ᩮᐙ䉕ᚑ䈜䈱䉂䈭䉌䈝䇮䊌䉺䊷䊮⹺⼂䉇䇮ੱᎿ⍮⢻䇮䈅䉎䈇䈲⛔⸘‛ℂ䇮ㆮવᖱႎቇ
䈭䈬䈱ᄙ䈒䈱⇣䈭䉎ಽ㊁䈮䈍䈇䈩౒᦭䈘䉏䉎㊀ⷐ䈭᭎ᔨ䈪䈅䉎䇯ᧄ⻠⟵䈪䈲䈖䈱ℂ⺰䈱ၮ␆䉕⋥ᗵ⊛䈮ℂ⸃䈜䉎䈖䈫䈮㊀ὐ䉕⟎䈒䇯㩷

㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ↢‛ᯏ⢻ൻቇታ㛎 㪠㪠㩷㪄㩷 ᬀ‛ᩕ㙃ቇ䋨㪉㪇㪇㪍 ᐕᐲ䋩㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

↢‛ᯏ⢻ൻቇታ㛎 㪠㪠㩷㪄㩷 ᬀ‛ᩕ㙃ቇ䋨㪉㪇㪇㪍 ᐕᐲ䋩㩷 䋨ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 ାỚ㩷 ථ㇢䇮ᷰㇱ㩷 ᢅ⵨䇮ᳯỈ㩷 ㄖᐢ䇮ጊጯ㩷 ⌀Ẵ㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷㪉 ᐕᰴ䋻ㄘቇㇱ㩷 㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪇㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷㩷㩷ᬀ‛䈲ᩮ䈎䉌὇⚛એᄖ䈱㙃ಽ䉕ๆ෼䈚䇮⪲䈪శวᚑ䈮䉋䉍὇⚛䉕₪ᓧ䈚䈩䈇䉎䇯㩷 㩷᝼ᬺ䈪䈲ታ㓙䈮ᬀ‛䉕᳓⠹ᩱၭ䈚䇮䈠䈱↢㐳⸃ᨆ䉕ⴕ䈉䈱䈫หᤨ䈮䇮૕ౝ䈱⓸⚛䇮♧䇮䊂䊮䊒䊮䇮ήᯏᚑಽ䈱ಽᨆ䉕ㅢ䈚䈩ᬀ‛䈱↢⢒䈮䈫䈦䈩䈖䉏䉌䈱ᚑಽ䈏䈬䈱䉋䈉䈮㑐䉒䉍ว䈦䈩䈇䉎䈱䈎䉕⸃ᨆ䈜䉎䇯ታ㛎䉕ㅢ
䈚䈩䇮⒊㊂ᠲ૞䇮䊏䊕䉾䊃ᠲ૞䇮⹜⮎䈮ኻ䈜䉎቟ోᢎ⢒䈭䈬䉕ᔀᐩ⊛䈮ⴕ䈇䇮හታ〣䈮ᓎ┙䈧ᛛⴚ䇮⢻ജ䉕り䈮䈧䈔䉎䇯㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ‛ℂቇ․⺰ 㪋㩷 ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ⛔⸘䊂䊷䉺⸃ᨆ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ⛔⸘䊂䊷䉺⸃ᨆ㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ‛ℂቇ․⺰ 㪋䋩㩷㩷 ⷗ᑧ㩷 ᐣ჻㇢㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷ୃ჻ 㪈㪄㪉 ᐕ䋻ℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪈 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷ᄢ᳇䊶ᶏᵗ䈱⚻ᐕ䈍䉋䈶ᢙචᐕᄌേ䈱ၮᧄ⊛䈭․ᓽ䈫䈠䈱ឭ໒䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䊜䉦䊆䉵䊛䈮㑐䈜䉎ᦨᣂ䈱ቇ⺑䉕᭎ⷰ䈜䉎䇯䈘䉌䈮䇮䈠䉏䉌䈱ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ䈱ᄌേ䉕⸃ᨆ䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱䊂䊷䉺⸃
ᨆᚻᴺ䈱ၮ␆䈎䉌㜞ᐲ䈭ᔕ↪
䉁䈪䉕ቇ䈶䇮ฦ䇱䈱䊂䊷䉺⸃
ᨆᚻᴺ䈱․ᓽ䉕ᛠី䈚䇮ㆡಾ䈭ᔕ↪䉕น⢻䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ⋧ォ⒖‛ᕈ‛ℂቇ㩷 ⟲⺰䈫ᩰሶᝄേ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

⟲⺰䈫ᩰሶᝄേ㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺⋧ォ⒖‛ᕈ‛ℂቇ䋩㩷㩷 ㄞ⷗㩷 ⵨ผ㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷ୃ჻ 㪈㪄㪉 ᐕ䋻ℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪈 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷᭴ㅧ⋧ォ⒖䋨ኻ⽎ᕈ䈱⇣䈭䉎⚿᥏⋧㑆䈱⋧ォ⒖䋩䈱䉻䉟䊅䊚䉾䉪䉴䉕⸃᣿䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱ታ㛎ᛛⴚ䈫䈚䈩䇮䊑䊥䊦䉝䊮ᢔੂ䇮䊤䊙䊮ᢔੂ䇮⿒ᄖ䊶㆙⿒ᄖ䉴䊕䉪䊃䊦䇮ਛᕈሶ㕖ᒢᕈᢔੂ䈭䈬䈏㊀ⷐⷞ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯䈖䉏䉌䈱ታ㛎ᛛⴚ䈮䉋䉍ᓧ䉌䉏䉎䊂䊷䉺䉕⸃ᨆ䇮⸃㉼䈜䉎㓙䈮ᔅⷐ䈫䈭䉎㵰⚿᥏䈱ⓨ㑆⟲䈱ᣢ⚂⴫⃻㵱䈮䈧䈇䈩ቇ䈹䇯㩷

㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 㪞㫉㪸㪻㫌㪸㫋㪼㩷㪪㪺㪿㫆㫆㫃㩷 㪕㩷 㪩㫆㪺㫂㩷㪜㫅㪾㫀㫅㪼㪼㫉㫀㫅㪾㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

㪩㫆㪺㫂㩷㪜㫅㪾㫀㫅㪼㪼㫉㫀㫅㪾㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 㪧㫉㫆㪽㪅㩷㪰㫆㫊㪿㫀㪸㫂㫀㩷㪝㪬㪡㪠㪠㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㫄㪸㫊㫋㪼㫉㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪻㫆㪺㫋㫆㫉㪸㫃䋻Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪍㪆㪌㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷㪫㪿㫀㫊㩷 㪺㫆㫌㫉㫊㪼㩷 㪸㫀㫄㫊㩷 㫋㫆㩷 㫆㪹㫋㪸㫀㫅㩷㪻㪼㪼㫇㪼㫉㩷 㫂㫅㫆㫎㫃㪼㪻㪾㪼㩷 㫆㫅㩷 㫉㫆㪺㫂㩷㪼㫅㪾㫀㫅㪼㪼㫉㫀㫅㪾㪅㩷 㪫㫀㫄㪼㪄㪻㪼㫇㪼㫅㪻㪼㫅㫋㩷㪻㪼㪽㫆㫉㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㫉㫆㪺㫂㩷 㫀㫅㪺㫃㫌㪻㫀㫅㪾㩷㪺㫉㪼㪼㫇㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪽㪸㫋㫀㪾㫌㪼㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪼㪽㪽㪼㪺㫋㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㫍㪸㫉㫀㫆㫌㫊㩷 㪺㫆㫅㪻㫀㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㩷 㫆㫅㩷 㫉㫆㪺㫂㩷㪻㪼㪽㫆㫉㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷 㪽㪸㫀㫃㫌㫉㪼㩷 㪸㫉㪼㩷㪻㪼㫊㪺㫉㫀㪹㪼㪻㩷 㪽㫀㫉㫊㫋㪅㩷 㪘㫅㪻㩷 㫋㪿㪼㫅㩷㪺㪿㪸㫉㪸㪺㫋㪼㫉㫀㫊㫋㫀㪺㫊㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㫉㫆㪺㫂㩷 㫄㪸㫊㫊㪃㩷㪺㫆㫅㪺㪼㫇㫋㩷㫆㪽㩷㫀㫅㫀㫋㫀㪸㫃㩷㫊㫋㫉㪼㫊㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫀㫋㫊㩷㫄㪼㪸㫊㫌㫉㪼㫄㪼㫅㫋㩷 㫎㫀㫃㫃㩷 㪸㫃㫊㫆㩷 㪹㪼㩷㪺㫆㫍㪼㫉㪼㪻㪅㩷 㪝㫀㫅㪸㫃㫃㫐㪃㩷 㪸㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㩷㫋㫆㩷 㫊㫃㫆㫇㪼㩷 㫊㫋㪸㪹㫀㫃㫀㫋㫐㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷㫌㫅㪻㪼㫉㪾㫉㫆㫌㫅㪻㩷 㫆㫇㪼㫅㫀㫅㪾㩷 㫎㫀㫃㫃㩷 㪹㪼㩷㪻㪼㫊㪺㫉㫀㪹㪼㪻㪅㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ⚿᥏⋧ォ⒖․⺰㩷
㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

⚿᥏⋧ォ⒖․⺰㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺⚿᥏⋧ォ⒖․⺰䋩㩷

㩷 ᛬ේ㩷 ብ㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

ᄢቇ㒮䋻Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪇㪆㪈㪇㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷⚿᥏䈍䉋䈶⚿᥏䈫ᶧ૕䈱ਛ㑆⁁ᘒ䈮䈅䉎ᶧ᥏䈱⋧ォ⒖⃻⽎䉕ᾲ䊶⛔⸘ജቇ䈮ၮ䈨䈇䈩ℂ
⸃䈜䉎䇯㩷 㩷․䈮䇮ኻ⒓ᕈ䈱ᄌൻ䈮⌕⋡䈚䈢䊤䊮䉻䉡ℂ⺰䉕ਛᔃ䈮ቇ⠌䈜䉎䇯㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᖱႎ⍮⼂䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪․⺰㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᖱႎ⍮⼂䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪․⺰㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 ᦭᧛㩷 ඳ♿䇮༑↰㩷 ᜏ਽㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

ᄢቇ㒮ୃ჻⺖⒟㪃㩷 ඳ჻⺖⒟䋻ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷

㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪇㪆㪈㪉㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷㜞ᐲ䈭䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪䈫ᄢⷙᮨ⸥ᙘⵝ⟎䈱ᕆㅦ䈭⊒㆐䈮䉋䈦䈩䇮⃻࿷䇮⤘ᄢ䈭㊂䈱䊂䊷䉺䈏䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪਄䈪೑↪䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎䇯ᧄ⻠⟵䈪䈲䇮䊈䉾䊃䊪䊷䉪䉕੺䈚䈩ᖱႎ䉇⍮⼂䉕વ㆐䈚䇮౒᦭䈜䉎䈢䉄䈮ᔅⷐ䈭ᛛⴚ䈮䈧䈇䈩⻠⟵䈜䉎䇯ౕ૕⊛䈮䈲䇮䉡䉢䊑䊂䊷䉺䉇䊁䉨䉴䊃䊂䊷䉺䈭䈬䈱ᄢⷙᮨ㕖ቯဳ䊂䊷䉺ಣ
ℂ䈱䈢䉄䈱ၮ␆ᛛⴚ䈫䈚䈩䇮ᖱႎᬌ⚝䈍䉋䈶䇮䊂䊷䉺䊙䉟䊆䊮䉫䇮䉡䉢䊑ᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈮ὶὐ䉕䈅䈩䈩䇮䊁䉨䉴䊃䊌䉺䊷䊮ᾖวᛛⴚ䇮䊌䉺䊷䊮⊒⷗ᛛⴚ䇮㪟㪫㪤㪣 䉇 㪯㪤㪣 ╬䈱ඨ᭴ㅧ䊂
䊷䉺ಣℂ䈮䈧䈇䈩䇮䈫䈒䈮䉝䊦䉯䊥䉵䊛䈫䊒䊨䊃䉮䊦䈱ⷞὐ䈎䉌ቇ䈹䇯㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰䋨㪉㪇㪇㪋䋩㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰䋩㩷㩷 ੗਄㩷 ⚐৻㩷ኻ⽎䋺㩷ᄢቇ㒮ୃ჻⺖⒟㪃㩷 ඳ჻⺖⒟䋻Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷 䉲䉴䊁䊛ᖱႎᎿቇኾ᡹㩷 㪆㩷 ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷 ⶄวᖱႎ㩷ቇኾ᡹㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪋 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷⏕₸⊛ᖱႎಣℂ䈮㑐䈜䉎⹤㗴䈱ឭଏ㩷 㪑㩷 㩷⛔⸘ജቇ䈱⠨䈋ᣇ䈮ၮ䈨䈒ᖱ
ႎಣℂ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈱⸳⸘䈫㩷 䈠䈱േ૞䈱⸃ᨆ䈏䈬䈱䉋䈉䈮ⴕ䉒䉏䉎䈱䈎㪃㩷 䉕ౕ૕଀䉕䈅䈕䈩⸃⺑䈜䉎㪅㩷 㩷ᰴᐕᐲ䈲䇸↹௝㪆╓ภ㪆䉴䊕䉪䊃䊦᜛ᢔㅢା䈱ᢙℂ㩷 㪑㩷 䊔䉟䉵⛔⸘䈫ᖱႎಣℂ䇹㪃㩷 䇸䉭䊷䊛ℂ
⺰䈫⚻ᷣ⃻⽎䈱ᢙℂ䇹䉕䈫䉍䈅䈕䉎੍ቯ䈪䈜㪅㩷

㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰䋨㪉㪇㪇㪌䋩㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋺ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰䋩㩷㩷 ੗਄㩷 ⚐৻㩷ኻ⽎䋺㩷ᄢቇ㒮ୃ჻⺖⒟㪃㩷 ඳ჻⺖⒟䋻Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷 䉲䉴䊁䊛ᖱႎᎿቇኾ᡹㩷 㪆㩷 ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㩷 ⶄวᖱႎ㩷ቇኾ᡹㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷⏕₸⊛ᖱႎಣℂ䈮㑐䈜䉎⹤㗴䈱ឭଏ㩷 㪠㪠㩷㪑㩷 㩷ᤓᐕᐲ䈱㩷 ⏕₸⊛ᖱႎಣℂ౉㐷㩷 㪠 䈮ᒁ䈐⛯䈇䈩⛔⸘ജቇ䈱⠨䈋ᣇ䈮ၮ䈨䈒ᖱႎಣℂ䉲䉴䊁䊛䈱⸳⸘䈫䈠䈱േ૞䈱⸃ᨆ䉕ౕ૕଀䉕㩷 䈅䈕䉎䈖䈫䈪⸃⺑䈜䉎㪅㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 㪞㫉㪸㪻㫌㪸㫋㪼㩷㪪㪺㪿㫆㫆㫃㩷 㪕㩷 㪛㫐㫅㪸㫄㫀㪺㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㫀㪺㪼㩷㫊㪿㪼㪼㫋㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪾㫃㪸㪺㫀㪼㫉㫊㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

㪛㫐㫅㪸㫄㫀㪺㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㫀㪺㪼㩷㫊㪿㪼㪼㫋㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪾㫃㪸㪺㫀㪼㫉㫊㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 㪧㫉㫆㪽㪅㩷㪩㪸㫃㪽㩷㪞㫉㪼㫍㪼㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪤㪸㫊㫋㪼㫉䋻㪛㫀㫍㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㪸㫉㫋㪿㩷㪪㫐㫊㫋㪼㫄㩷㪪㪺㫀㪼㫅㪺㪼㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷

㩷㩷㪠㪺㪼㩷 㫊㪿㪼㪼㫋㫊㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷 㪾㫃㪸㪺㫀㪼㫉㫊㩷 㪸㫉㪼㩷 㪸㫅㩷㪸㪺㫋㫀㫍㪼㪃㩷 㪻㫐㫅㪸㫄㫀㪺㩷 㫇㪸㫉㫋㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㫋㪿㪼㩷㪜㪸㫉㫋㪿㩾㫊㩷 㪺㫃㫀㫄㪸㫋㪼㩷 㫊㫐㫊㫋㪼㫄㩷 㫆㫅㩷㫋㫀㫄㪼㪄㫊㪺㪸㫃㪼㫊㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㪻㪼㪺㪸㪻㪼㫊㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷㫄㫆㫉㪼㪅㩷 㪤㫆㫉㪼㩷 㫋㪿㪸㫅㩷 㪐㪇㩼㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㫋㪿㪼㩷㫋㪼㫉㫉㪼㫊㫋㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷 㪽㫉㪼㫊㪿㫎㪸㫋㪼㫉㩷 㫉㪼㫊㪼㫉㫍㪼㫊㩷㪸㫉㪼㩷㫊㫋㫆㫉㪼㪻㩷㫀㫅㩷㫋㪿㪼㫊㪼㩷㫀㪺㪼㩷㫄㪸㫊㫊㪼㫊㪅㩷㪫㪿㪼㫀㫉㩷 㪺㫆㫄㫇㫃㪼㫋㪼㩷 㪻㫀㫊㫀㫅㫋㪼㪾㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫎㫆㫌㫃㪻㩷㫃㪼㪸㪻㩷㫋㫆㩷㪸㩷㪾㫃㫆㪹㪸㫃㩷㫊㪼㪸㪄㫃㪼㫍㪼㫃㩷㫉㫀㫊㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㪸㫇㫇㫉㫆㫏㫀㫄㪸㫋㪼㫃㫐㩷㪎㪇㩷㫄㪼㫋㪼㫉㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫎㫆㫌㫃㪻㩷㪿㪸㫍㪼㩷㫊㪼㫍㪼㫉㪼㩷㫀㫄㫇㪸㪺㫋㫊㩷㫆㫅㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪸㫋㫄㫆㫊㫇㪿㪼㫉㫀㪺㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫆㪺㪼㪸㫅㫀㪺㩷㪺㫀㫉㪺㫌㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪅㩷㪘㪾㪸㫀㫅㫊㫋㩷
㫋㪿㪼㩷㪹㪸㪺㫂㪾㫉㫆㫌㫅㪻㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㪽㫌㫋㫌㫉㪼㩷 㪾㫃㫆㪹㪸㫃㩷㪺㫃㫀㫄㪸㫋㪼㩷㫎㪸㫉㫄㫀㫅㪾㩷㪻㫌㪼㩷㫋㫆㩷㫆㫅㪾㫆㫀㫅㪾㩷㪼㫄㫀㫊㫊㫀㫆㫅㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㪾㫉㪼㪼㫅㪿㫆㫌㫊㪼㩷㪾㪸㫊㪼㫊㪃㩷㫌㫅㪻㪼㫉㫊㫋㪸㫅㪻㫀㫅㪾㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪹㪼㪿㪸㫍㫀㫆㫌㫉㩷㫆㪽㩷㫋㪿㪼㫊㪼㩷 㫀㪺㪼㩷 㪹㫆㪻㫀㪼㫊㩷 㫀㫊㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㪾㫉㪼㪸㫋㩷㫉㪼㫃㪼㫍㪸㫅㪺㪼㪅㩷 㪠㫅㩷 㫋㪿㫀㫊㩷 㫃㪼㪺㫋㫌㫉㪼㪃㩷㪹㪸㫊㪼㪻㩷㫆㫅㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪾㪼㫅㪼㫉㪸㫃㩷㪽㫉㪸㫄㪼㫎㫆㫉㫂㩷㫆㪽㩷㪺㫆㫅㫋㫀㫅㫌㫌㫄㪄㫄㪼㪺㪿㪸㫅㫀㪺㪸㫃㩷㪹㪸㫃㪸㫅㪺㪼㩷
㪼㫈㫌㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㪃㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪻㫐㫅㪸㫄㫀㪺㫊㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷 㫋㪿㪼㫉㫄㫆㪻㫐㫅㪸㫄㫀㪺㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷 㫀㪺㪼㩷 㫊㪿㪼㪼㫋㫊㩷 㩿㫀㫅㪺㫃㫌㪻㫀㫅㪾㩷㪸㫋㫋㪸㪺㪿㪼㪻㩷 㫀㪺㪼㩷 㫊㪿㪼㫃㫍㪼㫊㪀㩷 㪸㫅㪻㩷㪾㫃㪸㪺㫀㪼㫉㫊㩷㫎㫀㫃㫃㩷㪹㪼㩷㫋㫉㪼㪸㫋㪼㪻㪅㩷㧙㧙

㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㩷 㪕㩷 ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒㩷 㪕㩷 ࿖㓙⚻ᷣቇ㩷㩷 ⻠⟵䋺㩷

࿖㓙⚻ᷣቇ㩷 䋨ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋩㩷㩷 ૒䇱ᧁ㩷 㓉↢㩷㩷 ኻ⽎䋺㩷

㪤㪈䋻౏౒᡽╷ᄢቇ㒮㩷㩷 㐿⻠䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪌 ᐕᐲ㩷㩷 ឝタ䋺㩷

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪋㪆㪈㪐㩷㩷⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃㩷㩷㩷೨ឭ⑼⋡䈫䈚䈩䈱⚻ᷣ᡽╷⺰䇮࿖㓙౏౒᡽╷ቇ䇮ᩮᐙ⑼⋡䈫䈚䈩䈱࿖㓙᡽ᴦ⚻ᷣ䇮䊚䉪䊨⚻ᷣ䇮䊙䉪䊨⚻ᷣ䇮㊄Ⲣ᡽╷䉕〯䉁䈋䈢౏౒⚻༡䉮䊷䉴䈭䉌䈶䈮࿖㓙᡽╷䉮䊷䉴䈮䈍䈔䉎ዷ㐿⑼⋡䈫䈚䈩䋱ᐕᰴ䈮㐿⻠䈘䉏䉎䇯䉫䊨䊷䊋䊦ൻ䈱ਛ䈪䈱࿖㓙⚻ᷣ㑐ଥ䈱᭴ㅧ䈫േᘒ䉕ᐢ䈒࿖㓙⾏ᤃ䇮࿖㓙ⷐ⚛⒖േ䇮࿖㓙䊙䉪䊨⚻ᷣ䈮䉒䈢䈦䈩ℂ⸃䈘䈞䇮࿖㓙␠ળ䈱ᨔⷐ䉕භ䉄䉎䉒䈏࿖䈮䈍䈔䉎౏౒᡽╷䈫ኻᄖ⚻ᷣ᡽╷䈱䈅䉍ᣇ䇮⃻ઍ䈱࿖㓙⚻ᷣ␠ળ䈱቟ቯ䈫ᚑ㐳䈮ᅷᒰ䈭䊧䉳䊷䊛䊶೙ᐲ䈫᡽╷䈱䈅䉍ᣇ䉕⠨ኤ䈜䉎ၮ␆䉕ਈ䈋䉎䇯㩷㧙㧙

⁈†‒‿※⁆∝⇐∞⇽∙⇙∞⇟⇌⇍⇈౨᚛⁉‹‫إ‬ԓ୿㧹㧵㨀࡮ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕߦߟ޿ߡ㧔ႎ๔㧕㧹㧵㨀࡮ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕᬌ⸛㨃㧳              ᐳ㐳 ઻ ᚭ ਭ ᓼ㧝㧚MIT-OCW㧔ࡑࠨ࠴ࡘ࡯࠮࠶࠷Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕ㧕ᢎ⢒ߩࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ࡞ൻ߇ㅴዷߔࠆਛߢ‫ޔ‬㧞㧝਎♿ߦ߅ߌࠆᄢቇߩᓎഀ߇‫ޟ‬⍮ߩഃㅧߣ␠ળ߳ߩㆶర‫ޔߣ߽ߩ⼂⹺߁޿ߣࠆ޽ߦޠ‬MIT ߪ㧞㧜㧜㧞ᐕࠃࠅ⻠⟵ᖱႎ㧔ౕ૕⊛ߦߪࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ‫੍ޔ࠻࡯ࡁ⟵⻠ޔ‬ቯ⴫ߥߤ㧕ߩࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻਄ߢߩήఘ౏㐿ࠍᆎ߼‫ޔ‬ᣢߦ⚂㧝㧞㧜㧜⑼⋡߇౏㐿ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧞㧚MIT-OCW ߼ߋࠆᣣᧄߩേะ
㧞㧜㧜㧠ᐕ㧘㧹㧵㨀࡮㧻㧯㨃ഃ⸳ߦ㑐ࠊߞߚ MIT ߩችᎹ❥ᢎ᝼߇ᣣᧄߩᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ OCW ߩ㐿ᆎࠍ⸷߃ߚߩࠍᯏߦ‫ޔ‬㧢ᄢቇ㧔ᄢ㒋ᄢ‫ޔ‬੩ㇺᄢ‫ޔ‬ᘮᙥ⟵Ⴖᄢ‫᧲ޔ‬੩Ꮏᬺᄢ‫ޔ‬᧲੩ᄢ‫ޔ‬ᣧⒷ↰ᄢ㧕ߪ㧘‫⟵⻠ޟ‬ᖱႎߩࡀ࠶࠻౏㐿ߦࠃࠆ⍮ߩഃㅧߣ౒᦭‫ߩޠ‬ᕁᗐߦ౒㡆ߒ‫ޔ‬㧞㧜㧜㧡ᐕ㧡᦬ߦ㧢ᄢቇㅪ៤ߦࠃࠆ‫ޟ‬ᣣᧄ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ⼏‫ߖߐ⿷⊒ࠍޠ‬㧘⻠⟵ᖱႎߩ౏㐿ࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬੩ㇺᄢቇߢߪ㧞㧞⑼⋡㧔㧟ᐕߢ㧡㧜⑼⋡౏㐿ࠍ⋡ᮡ㧕‫᧲ޔ‬੩ᄢቇߢߪ㧝㧝⑼⋡㧔㧡ᐕߢ㧡㧡⑼⋡౏㐿ࠍ⋡ᮡ㧕㧘߇౏㐿ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
㧟㧚MIT-OCW ࠍ߼ߋࠆᧄቇߩኻᔕ
ᧄᐕ㧢᦬㧘ᧄቇߦቴຬߣߒߡ᧪ࠄࠇߡ޿ߚMITߩችᎹ❥ᢎ᝼߇㧘MIT-OCWߦߟ޿ߡਛ᧛⌬↵✚㐳ߦ⺑᣿ߒ㧘ᧄቇߦ߅ߌࠆOCWߩ㐿ᆎࠍଐ㗬ߒߚ‫ᧄޕ‬ቇߢ߽࿖ౝ᦭ജᄢቇ
ߩേ߈ߦ๭ᔕߒ‫ޔ‬OCW߳ߩෳടߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ߔࠆ႐ߣߒߡ‫ޟ‬㧹㧵㨀࡮ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ
࠙ࠚࠕᬌ⸛WG‫߇ޠ‬ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶߩ߽ߣߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬WGߢߪችᎹ❥ᢎ᝼߆ࠄ⋥ធMIT-OCWߦߟ޿ߡ⺑᣿ࠍฃߌࠆߣ౒ߦ‫ޔ‬੩ㇺᄢቇߣ᧲੩ᄢቇߩOCWࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ᜂ
ᒰ⠪߆ࠄฦᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆታ⁁ߩ⡞߈ขࠅ⺞ᩏࠍⴕߞߚ㧔⾗ᢱ㧝࡮㧞㧕‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬OCWߦ૶↪น⢻ߥ㔚ሶൻߐࠇߚ⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬߇ቇౝߦ⃻࿷ߤࠇߊࠄ޿᦭ࠆߩ߆ࠍᛠីߔࠆ⋡⊛ߢࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻ࠍታᣉߒߚ㧔⾗ᢱ㧟㧕‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᖱႎࠍၮߦ㧥᦬㧢ᣣ㐿௅ߩ╙㧟࿁WGળ⼏ߦ߅޿ߡ⼏⺰ߒߚ⚿ᨐ‫ᧄޔ‬ቇ߽OCWߦෳടߔࠆߎߣ߇ㆡᒰߢ޽ࠆߣߩ⚿⺰ߦ㆐ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߘߩౝኈߪએਅߩࠃ߁ߦ➙߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㧠㧚ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW㧔઒⒓㧕㧝㧕ᄢቇߩ␠ળ⊛⟵ോ
ᣣᧄ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ⼏ߣㅪ៤ߒ‫⟵⻠ޟޔ‬ᖱႎߩࡀ࠶࠻౏㐿ߦࠃࠆ⍮ߩഃㅧߣ౒᦭‫ޠ‬
ߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣߪ‫ᧄޔ‬ቇߩ⋡ߦ⷗߃ࠆ␠ળ⽸₂ߩ৻ߟߣ૏⟎ߠߌࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㧙㧙

㧞㧕ᧄቇߩ೑ὐ  ̆ᧄቇߩࡆࠫࡆ࡝࠹ࠖࠍ㜞߼ࠆ̆MIT ߩችᎹᢎ᝼ߦࠃࠆߣ⃻࿷‫ޔ‬MIT-OCW ߳ߪ਎⇇ਛߩ㧡㧜㧜ਁߩ୘೎࡙࡯ࠩ
࡯߆ࠄᐕ㑆㧤㧜㧜ਁઙߩࠕࠢ࠮ࠬ߇޽ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ౝ⸶ߪቇ↢㧟㧜㧑‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒㑐ଥ⠪㧝㧡㧑‫␠ޔ‬ળੱ⥄ቇ⠪㧡㧜㧑ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣂ౉↢ߩ㧡㧜㧑߇㜞ᩞ↢ߩᤨߦ OCW
ࠍ⷗ߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬㧝㧢㧑߇ MIT ࠍㆬࠎߛℂ↱ߣߒߡ‫ޟ‬OCW ࠍ⷗ߡ‫ߣߚ߃╵ߣޠ‬޿߁‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ᤨ⃻ޔ‬ὐߢᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆ OCW ߩലᨐߦߟ޿ߡߪ߹ߛ⏕߆ߥᖱႎߪߥ޿
߇‫⁁ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᴫࠍൊ᩺ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬OCW ߳ߩෳടߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩࡆࠫࡆ࡝࠹ࠖะ਄ߦ
⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣߪᕟࠄߊ㑆㆑޿ߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬੩ㇺᄢቇ߿᧲੩ᄢቇߢ߽ OCW ࠍᤨ㒢ߩ࠹ࠬ࠻ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌవⴕࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߐߖߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠖ࠹࡝ࡆࠫࡆޕ‬ߩะ਄ߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝᄖ߆ࠄఝ⑲ߥቇ↢ࠍ₪ᓧߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪᔅⷐߢ޽ࠅ‫ᧄޔ‬ቇߩ⇐ቇ↢₪ᓧᚢ⇛ߣ߽❬߇ࠆ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ᧄޔ‬ቇߪਛ࿖ߩ㊀ὐ㧡ᄢቇࠃࠅⓍᭂ⊛ߦ⇐ቇ↢ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩ㊀ὐᄢቇߪోߡ OCW ߦෳടߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁⃻⁁ࠍ〯߹߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬઒ߦᧄቇ߇ਇෳടߩ႐วߦߪߎߩᵴേߦࡀࠟ࠹ࠖࡉߥᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃߆ߨߥ޿‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ᦭ജᄢቇ߇ OCW ߦෳടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢₪ᓧ┹੎ߦ߅ߌࠆᄢ
ቇߩᏅ೎ൻߣ޿߁ⷰὐ߽⠨ᘦߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᦝߦ‫੹ޔ‬ᐕᐲ‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߩ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇ࿖㓙ᚢ⇛ᧄㇱᒝൻ੐ᬺ‫ᧄߦޠ‬ቇߩ᭴ᗐ߇ណ
ᛯߐࠇ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙ᵴേߩᒝൻࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ߊߎߣߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㧻㧯㨃ߩෳട߽࿖㓙ൻ߳ߩኻᔕߣߒߡᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧕ᢎຬߩ೑ὐ  ̆⻠⟵ᖱႎߩ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ឭଏ̆
⻠⟵ࡁ࡯࠻߿⻠⟵⾗ᢱߥߤࠍ㔚ሶൻߒ Web ਄ߢឭଏߢ߈ࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢߳ߩ⾗ᢱ㈩Ꮣ߇ਇⷐߦߥࠆߎߣ߿ᢎ᧚ߦኻߔࠆࡈࠖ࡯࠼ࡃ࠶ࠢࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᢎຬ஥
ߩࡔ࡝࠶࠻ߣߒߡ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘⻠⟵ᖱႎߩ౏㐿ߪ㧘ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆᢎຬ㑆ߩߟߥ߇ࠅࠍଦㅴߒ㧘ᢎ⢒ߩᡷༀߦ⾗ߔࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߒߛߚޕ‬ෳടߔࠆᢎ
ຬߦ㧘ߎࠇએᄖߦ૗ࠄ߆ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉࠍਈ߃ࠆ߆㧘੹ᓟᬌ⸛ߔࠆᔅⷐ߽޽ࠈ
߁‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ቇㇱ࡮ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒ߩታ⾰ൻߦ߅ߌࠆ੍⠌࡮ᓳ⠌ߩߚ߼ߩᢎ᧚ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ߐࠄߦࠨࡑ࡯ࠬࠢ࡯࡞߿ࠪ࠾ࠕࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߥߤᣂⷙߩᢎ⢒ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ߅ߌࠆᢎ᧚
ߣߒߡߩ೑↪ଔ୯߽㜞޿‫ޕ‬㧡㧚ᧄቇߦ߅ߌࠆ OCW ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ᭎ⷐ㧔᩺㧕㧝㧕ᣣᧄ OCW ㅪ⛊ળ⼏ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߣߥࠆ߇㧘ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ㧘㧟ᐕ⒟ᐲߩ࠹ࠬ࠻ࡊࡠ
ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߣߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧕㧞㧜㧜㧢ᐕ㧡᦬߹ߢߦ㧝㧜⑼⋡એ਄౏㐿ߒ㧘ᦼ㑆ਛߦ㧘㗅ᰴ㧘౏㐿ࠍㅴ߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧕ᧄࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ㧘ᦼ㑆ਛߦ㧘OCW ߩലᨐ㧘ቇౝߩ໪⫥㧘ផㅴ⚵❱૕೙㧘ᔅⷐᛛⴚ㧘೑↪⠪ߩ⹏್ߥߤࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ‫ੌ⚳ޕ‬೨ߦᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶ╬ߢ⹏ଔࠍⴕ޿㧘⛮⛯ߔࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍ✚㐳߇್ᢿߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧙㧙

㧢㧚૕೙
㧝㧕ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߣߒߡ㧘ోቇታᣉ૕೙ࠍߣࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧕ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶ㐳ࠍᆔຬ㐳ߣߔࠆർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ᆔຬળ㧔઒⒓㧕ࠍ⟎߈‫ޔ‬ᧄࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩౕ૕⊛ᣇ㊎㧘ታⴕᣇᴺ╬ࠍ᳿߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧕ᣇ㊎╬ߦၮߠ߈㧘ᖱႎၮ⋚࠮ࡦ࠲࡯╬ߦ㧘ߘߩදജߩ߽ߣ㧘OCW ࠴࡯ࡓ㧔․છᢎ
ຬ㧝ฬ‫⧯࠻ࠗࡃ࡞ࠕޔ‬ᐓฬ㧕ࠍ⟎߈㧘ታോ૞ᬺࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬㧣㧚⚻⾌㧔✚㐳ⵙ㊂⚻⾌㧦੩ㇺᄢቇߢߩవⴕ଀ࠍෳ⠨ߦ⹜▚㧕㧝㧣ᐕᐲ 㧝㧜㧜㧜ਁ౞  ․છᢎຬ߹ߚߪኾ㐷⡯ຬ㧔㧠ࡩ᦬‫ޔ‬㧟㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕ࠕ࡞ࡃࠗ࠻╬⥃ᤨெੱ㧘࠺ࠩࠗࡦ⵾૞╬㧔㧞㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕
OCW ࠨ࡯ࡃ࡯╬ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ᭴▽࡮ㆇ↪㧔㧠㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕ශ೚㧘஻ຠ㧘ᶖ⠻ຠ╬㧔㧝㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕  㧝㧤ᐕᐲ 㧞㧜㧜㧜ਁ౞  ․છᢎຬ߹ߚߪኾ㐷⡯ຬ㧔㧝㧞ࡩ᦬‫ޔ‬㧥㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕ࠕ࡞ࡃࠗ࠻╬⥃ᤨெੱ㧘࠺ࠩࠗࡦ⵾૞╬㧔㧢㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕
OCW ࠨ࡯ࡃ࡯╬ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ᭴▽࡮ㆇ↪㧔㧠㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕ශ೚㧘஻ຠ㧘ᶖ⠻ຠ╬㧔㧝㧜㧜ਁ౞㧕㧤㧚⻠⟵ᖱႎߩឭଏଐ㗬㧝㧕ࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ‫⚂ߦߢߔޔ‬㧡㧜⑼⋡ߩẜ࿷⊛ឝタ୥⵬⑼⋡߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧕ߘߩઁ‫✚ޔ‬㐳߆ࠄߩផ⮈‫ޔ‬ㇱዪ߆ࠄߩផ⮈‫ઁߩߘޔ‬ᢎຬ߆ࠄߩផ⮈ߥߤ‫ޕ‬㧥㧚౏㐿ߩ৻⥸⊛ᚻ㗅㧔᭎ⷐ㧕㧝㧕ᢎຬߪ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW ߦኻߒ㧘ᚻ㗅ߦߒߚ߇޿㧘౏㐿ߔࠆ⻠⟵ᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧞㧕ᢎຬߪ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW ߦኻߒ㧘ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦߦߒߚ߇޿㧘౏㐿ߔࠆ⻠⟵ᖱႎߦ߅ߌࠆ⪺૞ᮭ╬ᴺ⊛ಣℂߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࠍឭଏߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧟㧕ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW ߪ㧘ᢎຬ߆ࠄឭଏߐࠇߚ⻠⟵ᖱႎࠍ㧘⍮⽷ᧄㇱߩኾ㐷ኅߩදജߩ
߽ߣ㧘⪺૞ᮭ╬ᴺ⊛ಣℂࠍⴕ޿㧘ᢎຬߩੌ⸃ࠍᓧߡ㧘Web ߢ౏㐿ߔࠆ‫⪺ޕ‬૞ᮭ╬ᴺ⊛໧㗴ߦࠃࠅ㧘౏㐿ߢ߈ߥ޿႐ว߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧠㧕ᢎຬߪ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW ߣ㧘⻠⟵ᖱႎߩ౏㐿ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࡜ࠗ࠮ࡦࠬᄾ⚂ࠍ⚿߱‫ޕ‬㧡㧕౏㐿ߒߚ⻠⟵ᖱႎߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧޿วࠊߖ╬ߪ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ OCW ߢಣℂߔࠆ‫ޕ‬㧝㧜㧚૞ᚑߔߴ߈ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦ╬㧝㧕⪺૞ᮭ╬ᴺ⊛ಣℂߦ㑐ߔࠆࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦ
㧞㧕⻠⟵ᖱႎឭଏᚻ㗅㧟㧕౏㐿ߩߚ߼ߩ࡜ࠗ࠮ࡦࠬ෸߮೑↪ⷙೣ㧙㧙

㧹㧵㨀࡮ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕᬌ⸛㨃㧳᭴ᚑຬ ᚲ  ⡯ฬ᳁  㐳 ㄘቇ⎇ⓥ⑼

ᢎ᝼઻ ᚭ ਭ ᓼᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼

ഥᢎ᝼Ⳝ ᳯ ବ ੳㄘቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ᢎ᝼ᮮ ↰   ◊ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼

ᢎ᝼ᧄ 㑆 ೑ ਭᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼

ᢎ᝼ᩙ ේ ᱜ ੳ౏౒᡽╷ᄢቇ㒮ഥᢎ᝼ች ᧄ   Ⲣᖱႎၮ⋚࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ᢎ᝼ጟ ㇱ ᚑ ₵㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ⢻㐿⊒✚ว㩈㩧㩊㨺ഥᢎ᝼⚦ Ꮉ ᢅ ᐘ⇐ቇ↢࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ഥᢎ᝼ᩉ ↸ ᥓ ᴦ㨿㩖㩨㩅㩨㨺㩔㩨㨺 ೽ቇ㐳ጯ ᶉ ᑪ ผ







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㨃㧳㐿௅⁁ᴫ
╙㧝࿁ ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕ㧢᦬㧞㧥ᣣ 㧔㧹㧵㨀ችᎹవ↢ߩ⺑᣿ળ㧘ᗧ⷗੤឵㧕╙㧞࿁ ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕ㧣᦬㧞㧢ᣣ 㧔ࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⺞ᩏߩታᣉ㧕  ੩ㇺᄢቇ㧻㧯㨃ᜂᒰ⠪ߣߩᛂวߖ ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕ㧤᦬㧞㧡ᣣ  ᧲੩ᄢቇ㧻㧯㨃ᜂᒰ⠪ߣߩᛂวߖ ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕ㧤᦬㧟㧝ᣣ╙㧟࿁ ᐔᚑ㧝㧣ᐕ㧥᦬ 㧢ᣣ 㧔ክ ⼏㧕 㧙㧙

⁈※†‒‼⁁‵⁉˟Щ㩷ᣣᧄ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ળೣ㩷㩷╙ 㪈 ┨㩷 ✚㩷 ೣ㩷 㩷╙ 㪈 ᧦㩷 䋨ฬ㩷 ⒓䋩㩷
䈖䈱⚵❱䈲છᗧ࿅૕䈱䇸ᣣᧄ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊶䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䇹䈫⒓䈚䇮⇛⒓䉕䇸㪡㪦㪚㪮䇹䈫䈜䉎䇯⧷⺆䈪䈲 㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㩷㪦㫇㪼㫅㪺㫆㫌㫉㫊㪼㫎㪸㫉㪼㩷㪚㫆㫅㫊㫆㫉㫋㫀㫌㫄䇮㪡㪦㪚㪮 䈫⴫⸥䈜䉎䇯㩷એਅ䇮ᧄળೣ䈮䈍䈇䈩䈲䈖䈱⚵❱䉕䇸ᧄળ䇹䈫๭⒓䈜䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪉 ᧦㩷 䋨੐ോᚲ䋩㩷ᧄળ䈲䇮੐ോᚲ䉕䇮ᐙ੐ળ䋨╙ 㪈㪌 ᧦䋩䈱ቯ䉄䉎䈫䈖䉐䈮⟎䈒䇯㩷㩷╙ 㪉 ┨㩷 ⋡㩷 ⊛෸䈶ᵴ㩷 േ㩷╙ 㪊 ᧦㩷 䋨⋡㩷 ⊛䋩㩷ᧄળ䈲䇸㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈮䈍䈔䉎ᱜⷙ䈱⻠⟵䈮㑐䈜䉎ᖱႎ䈱䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃ήఘ౏㐿ᵴേ䇹䈪䈅䉎䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᵴേ䈮㑐䈚䇮ળຬ㑆䈪䈱ᖱႎ੤឵䉕ⴕ䈭䈇䇮䈖䈱ᵴേ䉕េഥ䈚᥉෸䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕⋡⊛䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪋 ᧦㩷 㩿ᵴ㩷 േ㪀㩷ᧄળ䈲╙ 㪊 ᧦䈮ⷙቯ䈜䉎⋡⊛㆐ᚑ䈮ᔅⷐ䈭એਅ䈱ᵴേ䉕ⴕ䈉䇯㩷㪈䋮 ળຬ㑆䈱ᖱႎ੤឵䈱䈢䉄䈱᭽䇱䈭ᯏળ䉇႐ᚲ䈱ឭଏ㩷㪉䋮 ౏㐿䈱⻠Ṷળ㩷㪊䋮 䈠䈱ઁ⋡⊛㆐ᚑ䈮ᔅⷐ䈭ᵴേ㩷㩷╙ 㪊 ┨㩷 ળ㩷 ຬ㩷╙ 㪌 ᧦㩷 䋨ળຬ䈱⒳㘃䋩㩷
ᧄળ䈮䈲ᱜળຬ䇮⾥ഥળຬ䉕䈍䈒䇯㩷ᱜળຬ䋺ᧄળ䈲ቇᩞᢎ⢒ᴺ╙ 㪌 ┨䈪ቯ䉄䉌䉏䈢ᄢቇ╬䈪䈅䈦䈩䇮ᧄળ䈱⋡⊛䋨╙ 㪊 ᧦䋩䈮⾥ห䈚䇮ᯏ㑐ో૕䈱ᱜᑼ䈭ᗧᕁ᳿ቯᚻ㗅䉕⚻䈩䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᵴേ䉕㐿ᆎ䈜䉎䈖䈫䉕᳿ቯ䈚䈢ᯏ㑐䉕ᱜળຬ䈫䈜䉎䇯ᱜળຬ䈲ᧄળ䈱ㆇ༡䈮㑐䉒䉎ઍ⴫⠪ฬ䉕ᐙ੐ળ䈮ឭ಴䈜䉎䇯䈖䈱ઍ⴫⠪䉕ᱜળຬઍ⴫⠪䈫๭䈹䇯㩷⾥ഥળຬ䋺䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ᵴേ䈱េഥ䊶᥉෸䈮ᄢ䈐䈒㑐䉒䉎ᯏ㑐䈪䈅䈦䈩䇮ᧄળ䈱⋡⊛䋨╙ 㪊 ᧦䋩䈮⾥ห䈚䇮ᯏ㑐ౝ䈱ᱜᑼ䈭ᗧᕁ᳿ቯ䈱ᚻ㗅䉕⚻䈢ᯏ㑐䉕⾥ഥળຬ䈫䈜䉎䇯⾥ഥળຬ䈲ᧄળ䈱ㆇ༡䈮㑐䉒䉎ઍ⴫⠪ฬ䉕ᐙ੐ળ䈮ឭ಴䈜䉎䇯䈖䈱ઍ⴫⠪䉕⾥ഥળຬઍ⴫⠪䈫๭䈹䇯㩷╙ 㪍 ᧦㩷 䋨౉㩷 ળ䋩㩷ᧄળ䈮౉ળ䉕Ꮧᦸ䈜䉎ᄢቇ䊶ᯏ㑐䈲ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䋨╙ 㪈㪉 ᧦䋩䈮౉ળ↳⺧ᦠ䉕ឭ಴䈚䇮ᐙ੐ળ䋨╙㪈㪌 ᧦䋩䈱ᛚ⹺䉕ฃ䈔䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䇯㩷╙ 㪎 ᧦㩷 䋨⾗ᩰ䈱༚ᄬ䋩㩷ળຬ䈲એਅ䈱䈇䈝䉏䈎䈮⹥ᒰ䈜䉎䈫䈐䈠䈱⾗ᩰ䉕༚ᄬ䈜䉎䇯㩷䋱䋮ㅌળ䈚䈢䈫䈐㩷䋲䋮ᧄળ䈏⸃ᢔ䈚䈢䈫䈐㩷䋳䋮㒰ฬ䈘䉏䈢䈫䈐㩷╙ 㪏 ᧦㩷 䋨ㅌ㩷 ળ䋩㩷ળຬ䈲ㅌળ䈚䉋䈉䈫䈜䉎䈫䈐䈲ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䈮ㅌળዯ䉕ឭ಴䈚䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇㩷㧙㧙㩷╙ 㪐 ᧦㩷 䋨㒰㩷 ฬ䋩㩷ળຬ䈮એਅ䈱䈇䈝䉏䈎䈮⹥ᒰ䈜䉎ⴕὑ䈏䈅䈦䈢䈫䈐䈲✚ળ㩿╙ 㪈㪍 ᧦㪀䈱⼏᳿䉕⚻䈩䇮ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䈏䈖䉏䉕㒰ฬ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉎㩷䋱䋮ᧄળ䈱ฬ⹷䉕⪺䈚䈒்ઃ䈔䉎ⴕὑ䉕ⴕ䈦䈢႐ว㩷䋲䋮ᧄળ䈱⋡⊛䉕᣿䉌䈎䈮⪺䈚䈒៊䈭䈉ⴕὑ䉕ⴕ䈦䈢႐ว㩷㩷╙ 㪋 ┨㩷 ᓎ㩷 ຬ㩷╙ 㪈㪇 ᧦㩷 䋨ᓎ㩷 ຬ䋩㩷ᧄળ䈮䈲ᰴ䈱ᓎຬ䉕䈍䈒䇯㩷 㩷ᐙ੐ 㪈㪇 ฬએౝ㩷╙ 㪈㪈 ᧦㩷 䋨ᐙ੐䈱ㆬછ䋩㩷ᐙ੐䈲ᱜળຬઍ⴫⠪䈎䉌ㆬછ䈜䉎䇯ᐙ੐ળ䈪ㆬછ䈚䈢ᐙ੐ផ⮈ᆔຬળ䈪ផ⮈ੱฬ★䉕૞ᚑ䈚䇮ᐙ੐ળ䈱ᛚ⹺䈱ᓟ䇮✚ળ䈮䈍䈇䈩ାછ䈮䉋䉍ㆬછ䈜䉎䇯㩷 ⹦⚦䈲೎ㅜⷙቯ䈮䉋䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪈㪉 ᧦㩷 䋨ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䋩㩷ᐙ੐ળ䈲䇮੕ㆬ䈮䉋䉍ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䋱ੱ䉕ㆬ಴䈜䉎䇯ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䈲䇮ᧄળ䉕ઍ⴫䈚䇮ળോ䉕⛔᜝䈜䉎䈫䈫䉅䈮ᐙ੐ળ䈱ᛚ⹺䉕ᓧ䈢੐㗄䈮㑐䈚䈩ળ䉕ઍ⴫䈚䈩⟑ฬ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䉎䉅䈱䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪈㪊 ᧦㩷 䋨ᓎຬ䈱છᦼ䋩㩷ᧄળ䈱ᓎຬ䈱છᦼ䈲 㪈 ᐕ䈫䈚䇮ౣછ䉕ᅹ䈕䈭䈇䇯㩷㩷╙ 㪌 ┨㩷 ળ㩷 ⼏㩷╙ 㪈㪋 ᧦㩷 䋨ળ⼏䈱⒳㘃䋩㩷
ᧄળ䈱ળ⼏䈮䈲ᐙ੐ળ䈫✚ળ䈏䈅䉎䇯ᐙ੐ળ䈲ᐙ੐䈮䉋䉍᭴ᚑ䈚䇮✚ળ䈲ᱜળຬ䇮⾥ഥળຬ䈮䉋䉍᭴ᚑ䈜䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪈㪌 ᧦㩷 㩿ᐙ੐ળ㪀㩷㪈㪅 ᐙ੐ળ䈲ᆔછ⁁䉕฽䉃⃻ᐙ੐ᢙ䈱 㪊 ಽ䈱 㪉 䉕䉅䈦䈩ᚑ┙䈫䈚䇮⼏੐䈲಴Ꮸ⠪䈱ㆊඨᢙ䈮䉋䉍᳿ቯ䈜䉎䇯นุหᢙ䈱䈫䈐䈲⼏㐳䋨ㅢᏱ䈲ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䋩䈏᳿ቯ䈜䉎䇯㩷㪉㪅 ᐙ੐ળ䈱⼏੐䈲䇮಴Ꮸ⠪䈱ㆊඨᢙ䈮䉋䉍᳿ቯ䈜䉎䇯นุหᢙ䈱ᤨ䈲⼏㐳䈏᳿ቯ䈜䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪈㪍 ᧦㩷 䋨✚㩷 ળ䋩㩷䋱䋮ㅢᏱ✚ળ䈲Ფᐕ৻࿁ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䈏᜗㓸䈜䉎䇯㩷䋲䋮೨㗄䈱䈾䈎䇮ᐙ੐ળ䈏ᔅⷐ䈫⹺䉄䈢ᤨ䇮䉁䈢䈲ળຬ䈱 㪊 ಽ䈱 㪉 એ਄䈱⺧᳞䈏䈅䈦䈢႐ว䈮䈲ถ㓸䈚䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䇯㩷䋳䋮ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䈲䈠䈱ળ⼏䈮ઃ⼏䈜䈼䈐੐㗄䇮ᣣᤨ෸䈶႐ᚲ䉕⸥タ䈚䈢ᦠ㕙䉕ᜬ䈦䈩䈅䉌䈎䈛䉄䈖䉏䉕ળຬ䈮ㅢ⍮䈚䈭䈔䉏䈳䈭䉌䈭䈇䇯㩷䋴䋮✚ળ䈱⼏㐳䈲ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䉅䈚䈒䈲ઍ⴫ᐙ੐䈱ᜰฬ䈚䈢⠪䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷䋵䋮✚ળ䈲䇮ળຬ⃻࿷ᢙ䈱 㪉 ಽ䈱 㪈 એ਄䈱ળຬઍ⴫⠪䉁䈢䈲䈠䈱ઍℂ䈱⠪䈏಴Ꮸ䈚䈭䈔䉏䈳䇮䈠䈱⼏੐䉕㐿䈐⼏᳿䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏䈪䈐䈭䈇䇯䈢䈣䈚䇮ᒰ⹥⼏੐䈮䈧䈐ᦠ㕙䉕䉅䈦䈩䈅䉌䈎䈛䉄ᗧᕁ䉕⴫␜䈚䈢⠪෸䈶ઁ䈱ળຬ䉕ઍℂੱ䈫䈚䈩⴫᳿䉕ᆔછ䈚䈢⠪䈲䇮಴Ꮸ⠪䈫䉂䈭䈜䇯㩷 㩷䋶䋮✚ળ䈱⼏੐䈲䇮ᧄળೣ䈮೎Ბ䈱ቯ䉄䈏䈅䉎႐ว䉕㒰䈒䈾䈎䇮ળຬ䈪䈅䉎಴Ꮸ⠪䈱ㆊඨᢙ䈮䉋䉍᳿ቯ䈜䉎䇯㩷䋷䋮✚ળ䈱⼏੐䈱ⷐ㗄䈍䉋䈶⼏᳿䈚䈢੐㗄䈲ળຬ䈮ㅢ⍮䈜䉎䇯㩷㧙㧙㩷㩷╙ 㪍 ┨㩷 ⾗↥䈍䉋䈶ળ⸘㩷╙ 㪈㪎 ᧦䋨ᵴേ䈱෼౉䈫෼⋉䈱ᛒ䈇䋩㩷ᧄળ䈱ᵴേ䈲ේೣ䈫䈚䈩㕖༡೑䈫䈚䈩ⴕ䈉䇯䈭䈍䇮ᵴേ䈱෼⋉䈏ᓧ䉌䉏䈢䈫䈐䈲ᧄળ䈱⋡⊛䋨╙ 㪊᧦䋩䈱㆐ᚑ䈮ల䈩䉎䉅䈱䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪈㪏 ᧦㩷 䋨⾗㩷 ↥䋩㩷 㩷ᧄળ䈱⾗↥䈲䇮ነઃ㊄䇮䈠䈱ઁ䈱෼౉䈮䉋䉎䇯⾗↥䈱ᡰ಴䈲䇮ᐙ੐ળ䈱⼏᳿䉕⚻䈩ⴕ䈇䇮ㅢᏱ✚ળᤨ䈮ㅢᐕ䈱ᵴേ෼ᡰ䈫䈚䈩ႎ๔䈜䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪈㪐 ᧦㩷 䋨ળ⸘ᐕᐲ䋩㩷ᧄળ䈱ળ⸘ᐕᐲ䈲䇮Ფᐕ䋴᦬䋱ᣣ䉋䉍⠉ᐕ䋳᦬䋳䋱ᣣ䉁䈪䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷㩷╙ 㪎 ┨㩷 ળೣ䈱ᄌᦝ෸䈶⸃ᢔ㩷╙ 㪉㪇 ᧦㩷 䋨ળೣ䈱ᄌᦝ䋩㩷ᧄળೣ䈱ᄌᦝ䈮䈲ᐙ੐ળ䈮䈍䈔䉎 㪊 ಽ䈱 㪉 એ਄䈱⾥ᚑ䈮䉋䉎✚ળឭ᩺䇮䈍䉋䈶✚ળ䈮䈍䈔䉎ᱜળຬ䈱⃻࿷ᢙ䈱 㪊 ಽ䈱 㪉 એ਄䈱หᗧ䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷╙ 㪉㪈 ᧦㩷 䋨⸃㩷 ᢔ䋩㩷ᧄળ䈱⸃ᢔ䈮䈲ᐙ੐ળ䈮䈍䈔䉎 㪊 ಽ䈱 㪉 એ਄䈱⾥ᚑ䈮䉋䉎✚ળឭ᩺䇮䈍䉋䈶✚ળ䈮䈍䈔䉎ᱜળຬ䈱⃻࿷ᢙ䈱 㪊 ಽ䈱 㪉 એ਄䈱หᗧ䈏ᔅⷐ䈪䈅䉎䇯㩷㩷㪓ઃ㩷 ೣ㪕㩷㪈㪅 ᧄળೣ䈲ᐔᚑ 㪈㪏 ᐕ䋷᦬䋱ᣣ䉋䉍ᣉⴕ䈚䇮ᐔᚑ 㪈㪏 ᐕ 㪋 ᦬ 㪉㪇 ᣣઃ䈔䈪ㆡ↪䈜䉎䇯㩷㪉㪅 ᧄળ䈱೨り䈪䈅䉎ᣣᧄ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ㅪ⛊ળ䈲ᒰೋ䈱䌍䌉䌔䈱๭䈶䈎䈔䈮⾥ห䈚䇮䌍䌉䌔䈮ኻ䈚䈩ᄢቇઍ⴫⠪䈱⟑ฬઃᢥᦠ䋨㪤㪼㫄㫆㫉㪸㫅㪻㫌㫄㩷 㫆㪽㩷 㪚㫆㫆㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅䋩䉕ឭ಴䈚 㪦㪚㪮ᵴേ䉕㐿ᆎ䈚䈢ᄢ㒋ᄢቇ䇮੩ㇺᄢቇ䇮ᘮᙥ⟵Ⴖᄢቇ䇮᧲੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇ䇮᧲੩ᄢቇ䇮ᣧⒷ↰ᄢቇ䈱 㪍 ᄢቇ䈪㐿ᆎ䈚䇮ᓟ䈮ห᭽䈮 㪤㪦㪚 䉕ឭ಴䈚 㪦㪚㪮 䉕㐿ᆎ䈚䈢ฬฎደᄢቇ䇮਻Ꮊᄢቇ䇮ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈏ળຬ䈫䈚䈩ෳട䈚䇮ᵴേ䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈐䈢䇯ᧄળ䈱⸳┙䈮䈅䈢䈦䈩䈲䈠䉏䉁䈪䈱ᵴേ䈱⛮⛯⊛⊒ዷ䈫⚻㛎䈱෻ᤋ䉕ലᨐ⊛䈮ⴕ䈉䈢䉄䇮਄⸥ 㪐 ᄢቇ䉕ᱜળຬ䈫䈚䇮䈅䉒䈞䈩ฦᄢቇ䈱ઍ⴫⠪䈏ೋઍ䈱ᐙ੐䈮ዞછ䈜䉎䈖䈫䈫䈜䉎䇯䉁䈢䇮ㅪ⛊ળ䈮䈍䈇䈩䉅ᵴേ䈮දജෳട䈚䈩䈐䈢䊜䊂䉞䉝ᢎ⢒㐿⊒䉶䊮䉺䊷䉕⾥ഥળຬ䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷㪊㪅 ᵴേ䈮ᔅⷐ䈭⚻⾌䈲ᵴേᲤ䈱෼౉⸘↹䈮ଐ䉎䈾䈎䇮ᐙ੐ળຬ㑆䈪䈱ᔕಽ䈱⽶ᜂ䇮䈅䉎䈇䈲ోળຬ㑆䈱ᔕಽ䈱⽶ᜂ䈮ଐ䉎䇯䈇䈝䉏䈱੐଀䈮⋧ᒰ䈜䉎䈎䈮䈧䈇䈩䈲ᐙ੐ળද⼏੐㗄䈫䈜䉎䇯㩷㧙㧙

㪠㫅㪻㫀㪸

㪚㪿㫀㫅㪸㪙㪼㫀㫁㫀㫅㪾㩷㪟㪸㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪙㪼㫀㫁㫀㫅㪾㩷㪡㫀㪸㫆㫋㫆㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪙㪼㫀㫁㫀㫅㪾㩷㪥㫆㫉㫄㪸㫃㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪙㪼㫀㫁㫀㫅㪾㩷㪪㪺㫀㪼㫅㪺㪼㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㪼㫅㫋㫉㪸㫃㩷㪩㪸㪻㫀㫆㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪫㪭㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㪼㫅㫋㫉㪸㫃㩷㪪㫆㫌㫋㪿㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㪿㫀㫅㪸㩷㪤㫀㫅㫀㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㪿㫀㫅㪸㩷㪧㪼㫆㫇㫃㪼㩾㫊㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㪿㫀㫅㪸㩷㪪㪺㫀㪼㫅㪺㪼㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㪦㪩㪜㪛㪸㫃㫀㪸㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㪝㫌㩷㪛㪸㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫅㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪙㫌㫊㫀㫅㪼㫊㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪜㪺㫆㫅㫆㫄㫀㪺㫊㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㪚㪿㫀㫅㪸㪥㪸㫅㫁㫀㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㪄㪜㪸㫊㫋㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㪄㪮㪼㫊㫋㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㩷㪮㪼㫊㫋㪼㫉㫅㩷㪧㫆㫃㫐㫋㪼㪺㪿㫅㫀㪺㪸㫃㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪧㪼㫂㫀㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪪㪿㪸㫅㪾㪿㪸㫀㩷㪡㫀㪸㫆㫋㫆㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪪㫀㪺㪿㫌㪸㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪫㫀㪸㫅㫁㫀㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪫㫊㫀㫅㪾㪿㫌㪸㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪯㫀㩾㪸㫅㩷㪡㫀㪸㫆㫋㫆㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪱㪿㪼㫁㫀㪸㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪜㪸㫊㫋㩷㪘㫊㫀㪸㪠㪠㪠㪫㩷㪙㪸㫅㪾㪸㫃㫆㫉㪼㪠㪠㪪㪺㩷㪙㪸㫅㪾㪸㫃㫆㫉㪼㪠㪠㪫㩷㪢㪿㪸㫉㪸㪾㫇㫌㫉㪠㪠㪫㩷㪙㫆㫄㪹㪸㫐㪠㪠㪫㩷㪛㪼㫃㪿㫀㪠㪠㪫㩷㪞㫌㫎㪸㪿㪸㫋㫀㪠㪠㪫㩷㪢㪸㫅㫇㫌㫉㪠㪠㪫㩷㪤㪸㪻㫉㪸㫊㪠㪠㪫㩷㪩㫆㫆㫉㫂㪼㪼㪠㫅㫊㫋㫀㫋㫌㫋㪼㩷㪽㫆㫉㩷㪜㫃㪼㪺㫋㫉㫆㫅㫀㪺㩷㪞㫆㫍㪼㫉㫅㪸㫅㪺㪼㪥㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪧㫉㫆㪾㫉㪸㫄㫄㪼㩷㫆㫅㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㪜㫅㪿㪸㫅㪺㪼㪻㩷㪣㪼㪸㫉㫅㫀㫅㪾㪚㪼㫅㫋㫉㪸㫃㩷㪘㫊㫀㪸㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㪫㪸㫀㫎㪸㫅

㧙㧙
㪪㫋㪼㫃㫃㪼㫅㪹㫆㫊㪺㪿㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪮㪼㫊㫋㪼㫉㫅㩷㪚㪸㫇㪼㪪㫆㫌㫋㪿㩷㪘㪽㫉㫀㪺㪸㪪㫌㪹㪄㪪㪸㪿㪸㫉㪸㫅㩷㪘㪽㫉㫀㪺㪸㪘㪽㫉㫀㪺㪸㫅㩷㪭㫀㫉㫋㫌㪸㫃㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪝㫌㫃㪹㫉㫀㪾㪿㫋㩷㪜㪺㫆㫅㫆㫄㫀㪺㫊㩷㪫㪼㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪾㩷㪧㫉㫆㪾㫉㪸㫄㪭㫀㪼㫋㫅㪸㫄㩷㪦㫇㪼㫅㩷㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫅㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪚㫆㫌㫉㫊㪼㫎㪸㫉㪼㪜㪻㫌㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪭㫀㪼㫋㫅㪸㫄

㪚㪿㫌㫃㪸㫃㫆㫅㪾㫂㫆㫉㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪫㪿㪸㫀㫃㪸㫅㪻㩷㪚㫐㪹㪼㫉㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪫㪿㪸㫀㫃㪸㫅㪻

㪥㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪚㪿㫀㪸㫆㩷㪫㫌㫅㪾㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪦㫇㪼㫅㫊㫆㫌㫉㪺㪼㩷㪦㫇㪼㫅㪺㫆㫌㫉㫊㪼㫎㪸㫉㪼㩷㪧㫉㫆㫋㫆㫋㫐㫇㪼㪪㫐㫊㫋㪼㫄

㪢㫆㫉㪼㪸㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪪㫆㫌㫋㪿㩷㪢㫆㫉㪼㪸㪟㫆㫂㫂㪸㫀㪻㫆㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪡㪸㫇㪸㫅㩷㪦㪚㪮㩷㪚㫆㫅㫊㫆㫉㫋㫀㫌㫄㪢㪼㫀㫆㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪢㫐㫆㫋㫆㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪢㫐㫌㫊㪿㫌㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪥㪸㪾㫆㫐㪸㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪥㪠㪤㪜㪦㫊㪸㫂㪸㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪫㫆㫂㫐㫆㩷㪠㫅㫊㫋㫀㫋㫌㫋㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㪬㫅㫀㫋㪼㪻㩷㪥㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪫㫆㫂㫐㫆㪮㪸㫊㪼㪻㪸㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪪㫇㪸㫀㫅㪧㫆㫉㫋㫌㪾㪸㫃

㪬㪅㩷㪘㫃㫀㪺㪸㫅㫋㪼㪬㪅㩷㪙㪸㫉㪺㪼㫃㫆㫅㪸㪬㪅㩷㪚㪸㫉㫃㫆㫊㩷㪠㪠㪠㩷㪻㪼㩷㪤㪸㪻㫉㫀㪻㪬㪅㩷㪠㫊㫃㪸㫊㩷㪙㪸㫃㪼㪸㫉㪼㫊㪬㪅㩷㪡㪸㫌㫄㪼㩷㪠㪬㪅㩷㪤㫌㫉㪺㫀㪸㪬㪅㩷㪦㫍㫀㪼㪻㫆㪬㪅㩷㪧㫆㫃㫀㫋㬟㪺㫅㫀㪺㪸㩷㪻㪼㩷㪤㪸㪻㫉㫀㪻㪬㪅㩷㪧㫆㫃㫀㫋㬟㪺㫅㫀㪺㪸㩷㪻㪼㩷㪭㪸㫃㪼㫅㪺㫀㪸㪬㪅㩷㪩㫆㫍㫀㫉㪸㩷㫀㩷㪭㫀㫉㪾㫀㫃㫀㪬㪅㩷㪪㪸㫅㫋㫀㪸㪾㫆㩷㪻㪼㩷㪚㫆㫄㫇㫆㫊㫋㪼㫃㪸㪬㪅㩷㪪㪼㫍㫀㫃㫃㪸㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㪸㪬㪅㩷㪘㫍㪼㫀㫉㫆㪦㫇㪼㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㪼㫀㫋㩷㪥㪼㪻㪼㫉㫃㪸㫅㪻㪫㪬㩷㪛㪼㫃㪽㫋

㪥㪼㫋㪿㪼㫉㫃㪸㫅㪻㫊㪜㫆㫋㫍㫆㫊㩷㪣㫆㫉㪸㫅㪻㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪟㫌㫅㪾㪸㫉㫐

㪦㪺㫋㪅㩷㪈㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍㪚㪸㫅㪸㪻㪸

㪚㫉㪼㪸㫋㫀㫍㪼㩷㪚㫆㫄㫄㫆㫅㫊㪛㪼㪽㪼㫅㫊㪼㩷㪘㪺㫈㫌㫀㫊㫀㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪼㪞㫉㪸㫅㪸㫉㫐
㪟㪸㫉㫍㪸㫉㪻㩷㪣㪸㫎㩷㪪㪺㪿㫆㫆㫃㪃㩷㪙㪼㫉㫂㫄㪸㫅㩷㪚㪼㫅㫋㪼㫉㩷㪽㫆㫉㪠㫅㫋㪼㫉㫅㪼㫋㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪪㫆㪺㫀㪼㫋㫐㪟㪼㫎㫃㪼㫋㫋㩷㪝㫆㫌㫅㪻㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪡㫆㪿㫅㫊㩷㪟㫆㫇㫂㫀㫅㫊㩷㪪㪺㪿㫆㫆㫃㩷㫆㪽㩷㪧㫌㪹㫃㫀㪺㩷㪟㪼㪸㫃㫋㪿㪤㪸㫊㫊㪸㪺㪿㫌㫊㪼㫋㫋㫊㩷㪠㫅㫊㫋㫀㫋㫌㫋㪼㩷㫆㪽㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㪫㫌㪽㫋㫊㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪚㪸㫃㫀㪽㫆㫉㫅㫀㪸㪄㪠㫉㫍㫀㫅㪼㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪚㪸㫃㫀㪽㫆㫉㫅㫀㪸㪄㪣㫆㫊㩷㪘㫅㪾㪼㫃㪼㫊㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪤㫀㪺㪿㫀㪾㪸㫅㩷㪪㪺㪿㫆㫆㫃㩷㫆㪽㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪥㫆㫋㫉㪼㩷㪛㪸㫄㪼㪬㫋㪸㪿㩷㪪㫋㪸㫋㪼㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪬㫋㪸㪿㩷㪭㪸㫃㫃㪼㫐㩷㪪㫋㪸㫋㪼㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼㪾㪼㪮㪿㪼㪼㫃㫆㪺㫂㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼㪾㪼㪬㫅㫀㫋㪼㪻㩷㪪㫋㪸㫋㪼㫊㪚㪸㫇㫀㫃㪸㫅㫆㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼㪾㪼㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㩷㪘㫄㪼㫉㫀㪺㪸㪘㫃㪽㪸㫀㫊㪸㫃㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪪㪸㫌㪻㫀㩷㪘㫉㪸㪹㫀㪸㪤㫀㪻㪻㫃㪼㩷㪜㪸㫊㫋㪆㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㩷㪘㪽㫉㫀㪺㪸㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㪻㪸㪻㩷㪚㪼㫅㫋㫉㪸㫃㩷㪻㪼㩷㪭㪼㫅㪼㫑㫌㪼㫃㪸㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㪻㪸㪻㩷㪻㪼㩷㪣㫆㫊㩷㪘㫅㪻㪼㫊㪭㪼㫅㪼㫑㫌㪼㫃㪸㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㪻㪸㪻㩷㪥㪸㪺㫀㫆㫅㪸㫃㩷㪤㪸㫐㫆㫉㩷㪻㪼㩷㪪㪸㫅㪧㪼㫉㫌㪣㪸㫋㫀㫅㩷㪘㫄㪼㫉㫀㪺㪸㪝㫉㪸㫅㪺㪼
㪘㪾㫉㫆㫅㫆㫄㫀㪼㪘㫉㫋㫊㩷㪼㫋㩷㪤㪼㩾㫋㫀㪼㫉㫊㪚㪿㫀㫄㫀㪼㩷㪧㪸㫉㫀㫊㪜㪸㫌㫏㩷㪼㫋㩷㪝㫆㫉㪼㫋㫊㪜㪺㫆㫃㪼㩷㪻㪼㫊㩷㪤㫀㫅㪼㫊㩷㪻㪼㩷㪧㪸㫉㫀㫊㪜㪺㫆㫃㪼㩷㪧㫆㫃㫐㫋㪼㪺㪿㫅㫀㫈㫌㪼㪧㪸㫉㫀㫊㪫㪼㪺㪿㪧㪿㫐㫊㫀㫈㫌㪼㪄㪚㪿㫀㫄㫀㪼㩷㪝㫉㪸㫅㪺㪼㪧㫆㫅㫋㫊㩷㪼㫋㩷㪚㪿㪸㫌㫊㫊㪼㪪㫋㪸㫋㫀㫊㫋㫀㫈㫌㪼㫊㩷㪼㫋㩷㪜㪺㫆㫅㫆㫄㫀㪼㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫀㫈㫌㪼㫊㩷㪘㫍㪸㫅㪺㪼㪫㪼㫃㪼㪺㫆㫄㩷㪧㪸㫉㫀㫊㪬㫅㫀㫋㪼㪻㩷㪢㫀㫅㪾㪻㫆㫄㪦㫇㪼㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㪬㪢㪝㪸㪿㪸㫄㫌

㪘㫌㫊㫋㫉㫀㪸
㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪢㫃㪸㪾㪼㫅㪽㫌㫉㫋㪜㫌㫉㫆㫇㪼

㪦㪚㪮䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䊜䊮䊋䊷⁈※※†‒⁁‵⁉‵∇∙⇶∞ɟᚁ㧙㧙㪊The materials are licensed under the terms and conditions defined ineach university.

•㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

Some of them include movies and audios, available through Podcasts
and so on.

•

Number of courses in JOCWJOCW members are publishing more than 300 courses and making
efforts to publish more courses.

㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍•

Materials being published in JOCW㪈Marie TSUDA
Izumi FUSE
Yoshiharu HIRABAYASHI
Masashi NOSAKA
Tetsu TANABE
Yuichi YAMAMOTO
Kohei WATANABE
Shigeto OKABE(Hokkaido University, Japan)

Masayuki AIKAWA

Outline of Japan Opencourseware Consortium
andCurrent Status of Hokkaido University Opencourseware

The Alliance was reorganized as Japan Opencourseware Consortium(JOCW) in April 2006.

•

㪋

•

•

•

㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍In 2006, Beijing office has opened as the first university-wide liaison
office overseas.

The university consists of 12 faculties, which is the largest in number inJapan, 16 graduate schools and others.

Hokkaido University started out in 1876 as the Sapporo Agricultural
College, the first modern academic institute in Japan.

㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍New members (3 universities, including Hokkaido University, and 1
institution) joined the Alliance in December 2005.

•

A JOCW Member, Hokkaido University

㪉Japan Opencourseware Alliance (6 universities) was established in May
2005.

•

Outline of Japan Opencourseware Consortium (JOCW)⁈※※※†‒‫׎‬ᨥ˟ᜭ‒—⁁⁢⁗⁠‒‷⁖⁧⁕⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠‒‵⁡⁠⁘⁗⁤⁗⁠⁕⁗—

㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪐᦬㪍ᣣ䌾㪏ᣣ㩷ਛ࿖㩷⷏቟੤ㅢᄢቇ
⊒⴫㩷วᎹᱜᐘ

㧙㧙

Recently, 8 new courses (7 in Japanese and 1 in English) have been
added.

•

㪎•– see http://wwwearth.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/IAI/index_en.html“Dynamics of Ice Sheets and Glaciers” by Prof. Greve

A Lecture of International Antarctic Institute•Course Materials in HU-OCW - 1

㪌

HU-OCW website opened in April 2006, with 14 courses (13 courses inJapanese and 1 in English).

•㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

HU-OCW top page
http://ocw.hokudai.ac.jp

Hokkaido University started an opencourseware project in 2005, andjoined JOCW in December.

•

Hokkaido University Opencourseware (HU-OCW)

1 movie
1 movie
1 movie

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Faculty of Fisheries Sciences
Center for Advanced Tourism Studies

㪏•“Rock Engineering” by Yoshiaki FUJII㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍The top page of HU-OCW website has been translated into English andSimplified Chinese.

1 movie

Faculty of Agriculture

In HU-OCW
1 movie, 1 course

Institute of Low Temperature Science

Faculty

Hokkaido University has unique faculties among JOCW members
because of historical and regional reasons.

Course Materials in HU-OCW - 2

㪍

•

•

Features of HU-OCW㧙㧙Unnecessary
Necessary

In a classThrough the Internet

Viewer– Figures created by others㪈㪈

Figures with the symbol ‡ and its
reference㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

Notation that the figure has been
removed.

Title page with notation:
Usage of figures with the symbol ‡ is limited.

Example of Course Materials

㪐The law of intellectual property arises difficulties.

•

Permission

HU-OCW is not famous in Hokkaido University.

•– Course materials

Collection of materials is difficult.

•

Problems in HU-OCW

Until now, the number of applications is 33. The result is 19
permissions and 2 rejections (and 12 reservations).

– some of rights may be restricted by authors.

– HU-OCW applies for permission.

If the materials include works created by other authors,㪈㪉•• Hokkaido University has opened Beijing office in May 2006.

㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍– Cooperate with organizations in foreign countries, including China.

• Not to waste time

• To avoid responsibility– Grant authors’ requests.

– Provide some courses and pages in foreign languages.

– Provide more courses.

HU-OCW has to㪪㪼㫇㫋㪅㩷㪎㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍– HU-OCW needs authors’ permission to publish the materials through theInternet.

– the intellectual property of materials created in Hokkaido University belongs
to authors of them.

In Hokkaido University,

Future Plan of HU-OCW

㪈㪇

•

•

•

Intellectual Property in HU-OCW㧙㧙㪊㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍Japan Opencourseware Alliance was established in May 2005.

The Alliance was reorganized as Japan Opencourseware Consortium(JOCW) in April 2006.

•

㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍•Japan Opencourseware Consortium (JOCW)㪈Marie TSUDA
Izumi FUSE
Yoshiharu HIRABAYASHI
Masashi NOSAKA
Tetsu TANABE
Yuichi YAMAMOTO
Kohei WATANABE
Shigeto OKABE(Hokkaido University, Japan)

Masayuki AIKAWA

Problems of open publications of educational materials
on the Web㪋

The materials are licensed under the terms and conditions defined ineach university.

•㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

Some of courses include movies and audios, available through Podcasts
and so on.

•

Number of courses in JOCWJOCW members are publishing more than 300 courses and the number
is increasing.

㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍•

Materials being published in JOCW㪉

Opencourseware does not give any degree, credit or certification.

Opencourseware publishes educational materials in higher education
through the internet which are available for use and adaptation byeducators and learners.

••

The idea of opencourseware was proposed as a model for knowledge
dissemination by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 2001.

•

About Opencourseware※⁊†‒‫׎‬ᨥ˟ᜭ‒—‶‾※․•• —㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪈㪈᦬㪏ᣣ䌾㪈㪈ᣣ㩷᧲੩ᄢቇ⊒⴫㩷วᎹᱜᐘ

㧙㧙

Recently, 12 new courses (11 in Japanese and 1 in English) have been
added.

•

㪎•“Rock Engineering” by Prof. Fujii

Course Materials in HU-OCW - 2

㪌

HU-OCW website opened in April 2006, with 14 courses (13 courses inJapanese and 1 in English).

•㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

HU-OCW top page
http://ocw.hokudai.ac.jp

Hokkaido University started an opencourseware project in 2005, andjoined JOCW in December.

•

Hokkaido University Opencourseware (HU-OCW)

㪏

•

•

㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍– some of rights may be restricted by authors.

– HU-OCW applies for permission.

If the materials include works created by other authors,㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍– HU-OCW needs authors’ permission to publish the materials through theInternet.

– the intellectual property of materials created in Hokkaido University belongs
to authors of them.

In Hokkaido University,

Intellectual Property in HU-OCW㪍•– see http://wwwearth.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/IAI/index_en.html“Dynamics of Ice Sheets and Glaciers” by Prof. Greve
A Lecture of International Antarctic Institute•Course Materials in HU-OCW - 1㧙㧙㪈㪈– Notes of William S. Clark.

Civil Engineering (1881)
Isami HIROI– Notes written by Inazo NITOBE.

In Hokkaido University, there are many historical materials, such as㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

Notation that the figure has been
removed.

–– Hideki YUKAWA (Noble Prize Winner in 1949)㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍• As a part of course materials, we are planning to use scientificarticles on our website.

•

Historical Materials

㪐Figures with the symbol ‡ and its
reference

Title page with notation:
Usage of figures with the symbol ‡ is limited.

Example of Course Materials

㪈㪉

Summary

㪈㪇

•

•

•

•

•

Non-profit

ProfitNon-profit

19

3

Academic societies
Total

0

0

Educational institutions

Ministries

0

Others3

Publishers
0

2

Academic societies

Mass media

0

Educational institutions

4

1

Others
Ministries

0

Mass media

6

ACC

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

1

RF

12

2

0

0

0

0

2

3

2

0

0

0

3

NR

33

5

0

0

0

0

5

5

2

4

1

1

10

sum

㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

Ignorance of the applications is a big problem.

We could receive 19 permissions and 2 refusals.

– some of rights may be restricted by authors.

– HU-OCW applies for permission.

If the materials include works created by other authors,㪥㫆㫍㪅㩷㪏㪃㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍

HU-OCW needs authors’ permission to publish the materials through theInternet.

Foreign

Domestic

ProfitPublishers

Organization

Until now, the number of applications is 33. We get 19 permissions and2 rejections (and 12 reservations).

Result of applications㪧㫉㫆㪺㪼㪼㪻㫀㫅㪾㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㪛㪣㪠㪉㪇㪇㪍㫇㪅㪐㪎㩷㪄㩷㪈㪇㪇

Problems of open publications of educational
materials on the Web
Masayuki AIKAWA 1,* , Marie TSUDA 1, Izumi FUSE 2, Yoshiharu
HIRABAYASHI 2, Masashi NOSAKA 2, Tetsu TANABE 2, Yuichi
YAMAMOTO 2, Kohei WATANABE 2 and Shigeto OKABE 2
1

Hokkaido University OpenCourseWare, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0811, JAPAN
2

Information Initiative Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0811, JAPAN

Abstract
Opencourseware publishes educational materials in higher education through the internet withfree and open access. The open publications are increasing by worldwide collaborations ofhigher education institutions and associated organizations. In this report we discuss problems in
the publications based on the results of Hokkaido University OpenCourseWare.

Hokkaido University has just opened the Web-site of Hokkaido University OpenCourseWare(HU-OCW) in the spring of 2006, which provides free and open access to educational materials
in line with the university’s mission of knowledge creation, knowledge dissemination andknowledge application. The concept of opencourseware is a part of the larger movement that
promotes free and open access to knowledge. The idea of opencourseware was proposed as amodel for knowledge dissemination by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 2001.
Opencourseware publishes educational materials in higher education through the internet which
are available for use and adaptation by educators and learners. Opencourseware, however, does
not give any degree, credit or certification.
HU-OCW has joined the Japan OpenCourseWare Consortium (JOCW) which was foundedwith 9 universities and 1 institution of Hokkaido University, Keio University, Kyoto University,
Kyushu University, Nagoya University, Osaka University, Tokyo Institute of Technology,
University of Tokyo, Waseda University and National Institute of Multimedia Education(NIME) in April of 2006 in collaboration with the OpenCourseWare Consortium with more than*corresponding author: aikawa@ocw.hokudai.ac.jp㧙㧙

100 higher education institutions and associated organizations around the world. The mission of
the Consortium is to advance education and empower people worldwide throughopencourseware.
The aim of HU-OCW is to make educational activities of Hokkaido University more visible
and enrich them. A lecturer usually prepares educational materials of textbooks, notebooks
and/or presentation slides for his/her class with taking a lot of time and efforts. The lecture,
however, has been mostly consumed in the class and the educational materials used there havebeen archived privately, although the lecture is the important knowledge produced in theuniversity. If the lecture is archived with the educational materials and opened through theinternet with free and open access, educators and learners around the world surely share them tohelp and advance their teaching and learning. Developments of information and communication
technologies make the creation and publication of knowledge through the internet easily
possible. We have a variety of ways of the creation and publication, for instance, Wikipedia.
Opencourseware provides the knowledge as a course in higher education mainly designed by aperson of professional for the subject of the course, which is complementary to Wikipedia.
At the end of August of 2006 HU-OCW has published 19 courses, which include
international courses in the International Antarctic Institute project in connection with the Swiss
Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and the University of Tasmania. The access to the
Web-site of HU-OCW comes not only from inside Japan but also from foreign countries. The
number of visitors is about 9,000 Visits (or 80,000 Hits) a month. HU-OCW provides users withfree and open access to the syllabi, lecture notes, presentation slides, course schedules and somemovies. As for the syllabi, Hokkaido University has already opened the syllabi of almost all
courses in the Web-site independently from HU-OCW several years ago. Furthermore,
Hokkaido University provides the faculty members and the students with the environment of theacademic portal site and the learning management system named as ELMS (Education andLearning Management System), where educational materials of each course are available for themembers in the portal site of each course. Therefore, it is not so difficult to transfer the materials
from the ELMS Web-site to the HU-OCW Web-site. We, however, have to solve the problem tomake the materials clear in conformity with the law of intellectual property in order to publish
them through the internet. Since the proper use of the materials in classes on campus of theuniversity is admitted without any license, the law and the problem have not been so familiar for
the faculty members. For the publication in the Web-site the faculty members are required tolearn the law, at least, the copyright especially about the use of works of the other authorships
and the use, reuse, adaptation and redistribution of the materials by others.
HU-OCW has made requests to the copyright owners for permission to publish the materials
containing the works of the owners in the HU-OCW Web-site according to the checklists by the㧙㧙

authors of the materials. The result is summarized in Table 1. The total amount of the requests is
33 (19 for acceptance, 2 for refusal and 12 for no response in result).
Organization

ProfitDomestic
Non-profit

ProfitForeignNon-profit

ACC

RF

NR

sum

Publishers

6

1

3

10

Mass media

0

1

0

1

Others1001Ministries

4

0

0

4

Educational institutions

0

0

2

2

Academic societies

2

0

3

5

Publishers

3

0

2

5

Mass media

0

0

0

0

Others0000Ministries

0

0

0

0

Educational institutions

0

0

0

0

Academic societies

3

0

2

5

19

2

12

33

Total

Table 1

Numbers of requests for permission and the results. ACC: accepted, RF: refused,

NR: no response.
HU-OCW publishes the material as follows. When the materials contain works of the otherauthorships, the notice of the copyright is expressed in the first page of the materials as shownin Figure 1. In the case when the permission is accepted, the works are included in the
publication of the materials with additions of a proper expression about the copyright of theauthorships. In the case when the permission is refused, the corresponding works in the material
are replaced by an explanation about the copyright problem. As shown in Table 1, we have now
a few cases of refusal. The main problem at present is the cases with no response. In order tosolve this problem the Consortium is required to ask publishers, educational institutions andacademic societies for cooperation.
As solving the problems, we are now working and studying for extension of HU-OCW, forinstance, publishing in multi-language and multi-media, feedback and collaboration with users.

㧙㧙

Figure 1

Samples of the notices about the copyright in the materials: (a) a notice of the

copyright in the first page of the materials, (b) in the case when the permission is
accepted a notice of the copyright is affixed, (c) in the case when the permission isrefused the corresponding work is replaced by a notice of the copyright.

㧙㧙

㧙㧙㪊

18࿅૕䈏ട⋖䈚䈩䈇䉎(2006/10/31⃻࿷)•㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌

2005ᐕ5᦬䈮ᣣᧄOCWㅪ⛊ળ䈏⊒⿷䈚䇮2006ᐕ4᦬䈮ᣣᧄOCW䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䈫䈚䈩ᡷ⚵䈚䈢㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌•ᣣᧄOCW䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛㪈ᵤ↰ 㤗㉿ᳯ
↰ㆺ ㋕
㊁ဈ ᡽ม
ᐔᨋ ⟵ᴦ
Ꮣᣉ ᴰ
ጊᧄ ⵨৻
ᷰㆺ ᶈᐔ
ጟㇱ ᚑ₵

(ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ)วᎹ ᱜᐘ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈪䈱⾗ᢱ౏㐿䈫⪺૞ᮭಣℂ

䊣䊷䊨䉾䊌䉇䉝䉳䉝䈭䈬਎⇇ਛ䈮ᐢ䈏䉍䈧䈧䈅䉎•㪋

28䉮䊷䉴䈏౏㐿ਛ䈪䈅䉎(2006/11/25⃻࿷)㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌

HU-OCW䊃䉾䊒䊕䊷䉳
http://ocw.hokudai.ac.jp

2006ᐕ4᦬䈎䉌Web䉰䉟䊃䈱౏㐿䉕㐿ᆎ䈚䈢••ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲2005ᐕ䈎䉌Ḱ஻䉕㐿ᆎ䈚䇮หᐕ12᦬䈮JOCW䈮ෳട䈚䈢•㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿ᎺᎿ⑼ᄢቇ䋨MIT䋩䈏㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈮䈍䈔䉎⍮⼂౏㐿䈱ᣇ
ᴺ䈫䈚䈩2001ᐕ䈮㐿ᆎ䈚䈢•ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝 (HU-OCW)㪉䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃਄䈪⻠⟵ᖱႎ䋨䉲䊤䊋䉴䇮⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䋩䉕ήఘ䈪౏㐿䈚䈩䈇䉎•䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝⁊†‒ऴ‫إ‬૙Ꮛᄂᆮᨼ˟‒․••㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪈㪈᦬㪉㪋ᣣ䌾㪉㪌ᣣ㩷ᐢፉᄢቇ⊒⴫⠪㩷วᎹᱜᐘ

㧙㧙㪎⪺૞ᮭಣℂ䈱଀㪌㩿㪺㪀⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈪䈱╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱ข䉍ᛒ䈇଀䋻㩿㪸㪀㩷ᵈᗧᦠ䈐䇮㩿㪹㪀㩷ォタ䇮㩿㪺㪀㩷೥㒰

㩿㪹㪀

㩿㪸㪀

– http://wwwearth.ees.hokudai.ac.jp/IAI/index.html

Greveᢎ᝼䈮䉋䉎“Dynamics of Ice Sheets and Glaciers”

࿖㓙ධᭂᄢቇ䈱౒ㅢ⻠⟵䈫䈭䈦䈩䈇䉎••

HU-OCWឭଏ䉮䊷䉴଀㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌– ೑↪䈏೙㒢䈘䉏䉎႐ว䈏䈅䉎– HU-OCW䈏⸵⻌䉕↳⺧䈜䉎╙ਃ⠪䈱࿑⴫╬䈏฽䉁䉏䉎႐ว䇮㪏••33ઙ䈱↳⺧䋺⸵น19ઙ䇮ᜎุ2ઙ

ᶏᄖ

࿖ౝ

㕖༡೑

༡೑

㕖༡೑

༡೑

⸘

࿅૕

0
0

0
0

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䈠䈱ઁ

0
0
2

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ᢎ⢒䊶⎇ⓥᯏ㑐
ቇળ╬

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3
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0

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⋭ᐡ

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12

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ᧂ㄰╵

– HU-OCW䈮ⶄ⵾䇮౏ⴐㅍା䈭䈬䈱ᮭ೑䉕⸵⻌䈚䈩䉅䉌䈉– ⪺૞ᮭ䈲⪺૞⠪䈮Ꮻዻ䈚䈩䈇䉎ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈪䈲䇮

⸵⻌↳⺧䈱⚿ᨐ㪍

••

HU-OCW䈮䈍䈔䉎⪺૞ᮭ䈱ข䉍ᛒ䈇

⸘

33

5

0

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0

5

5

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1

10

㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌㧙㧙

㪐

•

•

ᱧผ⊛⾗ᢱ

Civil Engineering (1881)
Isami HIROI– 䊉䊷䊔䊦⾨ฃ⾨⺰ᢥ䈭䈬⻠⟵䈪೑↪䈚䈩䈇䉎ቇⴚ⺰ᢥ䈱౏㐿䉕੍ቯ䈚䈩䈇䉎– 䉪䊤䊷䉪ᢎ᝼䈱⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃– ᣂᷰᚭⒷㅧ䈱䊉䊷䊃ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈪଻▤䈘䉏䈩䈇䉎⬿ᦠ䈱౏㐿䉕੍ቯ䈚䈩䈇䉎㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌

㪈㪇

䉁䈫䉄

䈖䉏䉁䈪䈮33ઙ䈱↳⺧䉕ⴕ䈇䇮19ઙ䈏⸵น䇮2ઙ䈏ᜎุ䈘䉏䈢12ઙ䈱㄰╵䉕ᓧ䉌䉏䈩䈇䈭䈇•– ೑↪䈏೙㒢䈘䉏䉎႐ว䈏䈅䉎– HU-OCW䈏⸵⻌䉕↳⺧䈜䉎╙ਃ⠪䈱࿑⴫╬䈏฽䉁䉏䉎႐ว䇮㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪌

HU-OCW䈪䈲䇮䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃䈪䈱౏㐿䈮㓙䈚䇮⪺૞⠪䈎䉌⸵⻌䉕ᓧ䈩䈇䉎

•

•

•

ᐔᚑ㪈㪏ᐕᐲ㩷ᖱႎ⎇ⓥ㓸ળ㩷⻠Ṷ⺰ᢥ㓸㫇㪅㪎㪈㪈㩷㪄㩷㪎㪈㪊ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕߢߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱ౏㐿ߣ⪺૞ᮭಣℂวᎹ ᱜᐘ, ᵤ↰ 㤗㉿ᳯ, ↰ㆺ ㋕, ㊁ဈ ᡽ม, ᐔᨋ ⟵ᴦ, Ꮣᣉ ᴰ, ጊᧄ ⵨৻,ᷰㆺ ᶈᐔ, ጟㇱ ᚑ₵ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇaikawa@ocw.hokudai.ac.jp᭎ⷐ㧦ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕߢߪ㧘ᄢቇߢⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆᱜⷙߩ᝼ᬺߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱࠍࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻਄ߢ
౏㐿ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫࠻࠶ࡀ࡯࠲ࡦࠗޕ‬਄ߢ౏㐿ߔࠆߦߪ㧘⪺૞ᮭߩ໧㗴ࠍㆡಾߦᛒ߁ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧘ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕߢߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱ౏㐿ߦ߅ߌࠆ⪺૞ᮭಣℂߦߟ޿ߡႎ๔ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬



ߪߓ߼ߦ

ࠍ౏㐿ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߪ㧘㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣߒߡ㧘ࠝ࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕ㧔OCW㧕ߣߪ㧘ࠗࡦ࠲‫ޟ‬⍮ߩഃㅧ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ޟ‬⍮ߩવ㆐‫ޠ‬෸߮‫ޟ‬⍮ߩᵴ↪‫޿ߣޠ‬࡯ࡀ࠶࠻਄ߢήఘ౏㐿ߔࠆ㧘㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆᱜ

߁ਃߟߩછോࠍᨐߔߴߊ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ㧘‫ޟ‬਎⇇᳓Ḱߩⷙߩ᝼ᬺߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱ㧔ࠪ࡜ࡃࠬ㧘࠹ࠠࠬ࠻㧘⻠⟵⎇ⓥ‫ޠ‬㧘‫ߦ⌀ޟ‬ቇ↢ߩߚ߼ߩᢎ⢒‫ޟ߮ࠃ߅ޠ‬ᐢߊ␠ࡁ࡯࠻㧘⹜㛎໧㗴╬㧕ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘ

ળ߳ߩ⽸₂‫ⷞ߁޿ߣޠ‬ὐߢ␠ળߦ⊒ାߒߡ޿ߊᔅ

ߩឭଏߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧘ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ᤨઍߦ߅

ⷐ߇޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ߅ࠅ㧘OCW ߪ㧘ᱜߦ㧘ߎࠇߦߌࠆ㧘㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⍮⼂᥉෸ߩ৻ߟߩࡕ࠺࡞ߣߒߡ㧘ㆡ߁߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬HU-OCW ߩ⋡⊛ߪ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢ

2001 ᐕ㧘☨࿖ࡑࠨ࠴ࡘ࡯࠮࠶࠷Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ㧔MIT㧕ቇߩᵴേߩㅘ᣿ᐲࠍ㜞߼㧘㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⍮⼂ߩ᥉෸߇ਥ໒ߒߡᆎ߼ࠄࠇߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ㧘☨࿖ౝߩઁߩᄢ

ߦነਈߒ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆᢎ⢒ߩ⾰ߩะ਄ࠍቇ߳㧘ߘߒߡ㧘࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄ߿ࠕࠫࠕߩᄢቇ߳ߣ㧘߼ߑߔߎߣߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬1਎⇇ਛߦᐢ߇ࠅߟߟ޽ࠆ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬㧘ߎࠇࠍផㅴߔ

ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߢߪ㧘OCW ࠍోቇ⊛ߥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ

ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘OCW ࠍឭଏߔࠆ㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪᡰេߔࠆ

࠻ߣߒߡ㧘ోቇ⊛ߥផㅴ૕೙ࠍᢛ߃㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩᄢቇ╬ߩ⚵❱ߦࠃࠅ㧘OCW ࠦࡦ࠰࡯ࠪࠕࡓ(OCW౏㐿ࠍផߒㅴ߼ࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘౏㐿ߦ޽ߚߞߡ↢ߓC)߇⊒⿷ߒ㧘⃻࿷㧘100 ࠍ⿥߃ࠆ਎⇇ߩᄢቇ╬߇㧘ࠆ᭽‫ߥޘ‬໧㗴ὐߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬HU-

ߎࠇߦෳടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬

OCW ߢߪ㧘࿖㓙ධᭂᄢቇߩࠦ࡯ࠬߩឭଏ߿ㄭ㓞ߎࠇ߹ߢ㧘ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ⎇ⓥᵴേߪ㧘⎇ⓥ⺰ᢥ⻉࿖ߩ OCW ߣߩㅪ៤ߥߤ㧘࿖㓙⊛ߥㅪ៤߽㊀ⷞ

޽ࠆ޿ߪ․⸵ߥߤߩᒻߢ㧘␠ળߦㆶరߐࠇߡ߈ߚ

ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷㧔2006 ᐕ 9 ᦬ 30 ᣣ⃻࿷㧕㧘22 ࠦ߇㧘ᢎ⢒ᵴേߪ㧘᝼ᬺߦ߅޿ߡ㧘૕♽ൻߐࠇߚ⍮࡯ࠬߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱ㧔ᣣᧄ⺆ 20㧘⧷⺆ 2㧕ࠍ౏㐿ߒߡ⼂߇ឭଏߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߦ߽㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘᝼ᬺߩ႐ߢ㧘޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬޿ࠊ߫ᶖ⾌ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬OCW ߪ㧘ߎߩ⾆㊀ߥ⍮⊛⽷↥ߩᵹㅢࠍផߒㅴ߼ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᢎ⢒ߩ⾰

2

⪺૞ᮭಣℂ
ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻਄ߢ౏㐿ߔࠆߣ߈ߪ㧘⍮⊛ᚲ᦭ߩะ਄ߦᄢ߈ߊ⽸₂ߔࠆ߽ߩߣᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬࿖ౝߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘2005 ᐕ 5 ᦬ߦ㧘ᄢ㒋ᄢቇ㧘ᮭࠍㆡಾߦᛒࠊߥߊߡߪ޿ߌߥ޿‫ޕ‬OCW ߦ߅޿੩ㇺᄢቇ㧘ᘮᔕ⟵Ⴖᄢቇ㧘᧲੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇ㧘᧲੩ᄢߡߪ㧘ߣߊߦ⪺૞ᮭߩᛒ޿߇໧㗴ߣߥࠆ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬ቇ㧘ᣧⒷ↰ᄢቇ߇ OCW ߩឭଏࠍ㐿ᆎߒ㧘2006 ᐕߪ㧘ឭଏߦ㑐ࠊࠆ໧㗴ߣ೑↪ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ໧㗴߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᤐߦ߆ߌߡ㧘ߐࠄߦ㧘਻Ꮊᄢቇ㧘ฬฎደᄢቇ㧘ർ೑↪ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ໧㗴ߣߪ㧘೑↪⠪ߦኻߔࠆ૶↪⸵ᶏ㆏ᄢቇ߇ឭଏࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ‫ޕ‬2006 ᐕ 4 ᦬ߦ㧘ߎࠇ⻌ߩ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬HU-OCW ߢߪ㧘OCW ߩ⠨߃ᣇ

ࠄ 9 ᄢቇߣ⁛┙ⴕ᡽ᴺੱࡔ࠺ࠖࠕᢎ⢒㐿⊒࠮ࡦ࠲ߦߘߞߡ㧘೑↪᧦ઙࠍቯ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘ේೣߣ࡯ߣߢᣣᧄ OCW ࠦࡦ࠰࡯ࠪࠕࡓ㧔JOCW㧕߇⊒ߒߡ㧘ᅤ૗ߥࠆ࿖ߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘ήఘߢ㧘㕖ឃઁ⊛⿷ߒ㧘OCW ߪ㧘࿖ౝߦ߅޿ߡ߽㧘ᐢ߇ࠅߟߟ޽

ߢ㧘⛮⛯⊛ߥ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩⶄ⵾㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩⶄ⵾ࠆ‫ޕ‬‛ߩ㗏Ꮣ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩ౏ⴐㅍା㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩ㧞ᰴർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߪ㧘2006 ᐕ 4 ᦬ߦ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇࠝ

⊛⪺૞‛ߩഃ૞ߣⶄ⵾෸߮ⶄ⵾‛ߩ㗏Ꮣ࡮౏㐿࡮࡯ࡊࡦࠦ࡯ࠬ࠙ࠚࠕ㧔HU-OCW㧕ߩ Web ࠨࠗ࠻਄ᤋ࡮౏ⴐㅍାߔࠆᮭ೑ࠍ㧘㕖༡೑⊛߆ߟᢎ⢒⊛㧙㧙

⋡⊛ߦ㒢ߞߡⴕ૶ߔࠆߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆᮭ೑ࠍ⸵⻌ߒ㧘⪺૞ᮭ⠪߆ࠄߩ㄰╵ߦߒߚ߇޿㧘ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦಣ

⪺૞ᮭߩ᣿␜ߣ޿ߞߚ૶↪⸵⻌ߩ᧦ઙ㧘૶↪⸵⻌

ℂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ৻ㇱ߇೙㒢ߐࠇࠆ⻠⟵⾗ᢱ㧘૶↪⸵⻌ߩᦼ㑆㧘ή଻⸽ߩ࿑⴫╬߇╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߘߩ೑↪ߦ㑐ߒߩ఺⽿੐㗄╬ߦߟ޿ߡቯ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠖ࠹ࠗࠛ࡝ࠢޕ‬ߡߪ㧘HU-OCW ߢߪߥߊ㧘ߘߩ⪺૞‛ߩ⪺૞ᮭࡉ࡮ࠦࡕࡦ࠭࡮࡜ࠗ࠮ࡦࠬߥߤઁߩ૶↪⸵⻌ᣇᑼ⠪ߩ⸵⻌߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᦨೋߩࡍ࡯ࠫߦ␜ߔ

ߢߩ⴫␜ߦߟ޿ߡߪᬌ⸛ࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㧔࿑ 1(a)㧕‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ㧘ឭଏߦ㑐ࠊࠆ໧㗴ߦߪ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩ⪺૞ᮭߩ໧

ԘHU-OCW ߢ౏㐿ߔࠆ⸵⻌߇ᓧࠄࠇߚ႐วߪ㧘㗴ߣ⻠⟵⾗ᢱߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ╙ਃ⠪ߩ⪺૞‛ߩᛒ޿ߩ಴ᚲࠍ᣿␜ߒ㧘ォタߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ᣿⸥ߔࠆ㧔࿑1(b)㧕

໧㗴ߣ߇޽ࠆ‫ߕ߹ޕ‬㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩ⪺૞ᮭߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘
HU-OCW ߢߪ㧘HU-OCW ߣ޿߁࠺࡯࠲ࡌ࡯ࠬߩ

ԙ⸵⻌߇ᓧࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ႐วߪ㧘ᒰ⹥࿑⴫╬ࠍ೥㒰ߒ㧘ߘߩᣦࠍ⸥タߔࠆ㧔࿑ 1(c)㧕

⪺૞ᮭߪർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߦ޽ࠅ㧘୘‫⾗⟵⻠ߩޘ‬ᢱߩ⪺૞ᮭߪ㧘ߘߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱࠍഃ૞ߒߚᢎຬ╬ߦ޽ࠆߣߣߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧘HU-OCW ߪ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱ㄰╵߇ᓧࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ႐วߪ㧘⸵น߇ᓧࠄࠇߥ

ߩ⪺૞⠪߆ࠄ OCW ߢߩ౏㐿ߦߟ޿ߡ૶↪⸵⻌ࠍ߆ߞߚ႐วߣห᭽ߦᛒߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㄰╵߇ᓧࠄࠇߥ

ᓧߡ౏㐿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬OCW ߪ㧘⪺૞⠪ߩᮭ೑ࠍ଻⼔ߔ

޿ℂ↱ߣߒߡ㧘⪺૞ᮭ⠪ߩㅪ⛊వ߇ਇ᣿ߢ޽ࠆߣ

ࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱ෸߮౏㐿ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ㧔ࡔ࠲޿߁ߎߣߩ߶߆㧘OCW ߩᵴേ߇߹ߛචಽߦߪ⍮࠺࡯࠲㧕ࠍㆡಾߦ▤ℂߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫⴫ޕ‬㧝ߩ⚿ᨐߪ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߦ฽߹ࠇࠆ╙ਃ⠪ߩ⪺૞‛ߩᛒ޿߇㧘JOCW ߿ OCWC ߣߒߡ㧘಴␠㧘ቇળ㧘ᢎ⢒ᯏ౏㐿ߔࠆ⻠⟵⾗ᢱࠍ૞ᚑߔࠆ਄ߢ㧘ታോ⊛ߦ৻⇟㑐ߦኻߒ໪⫥ᵴേ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ා੺ߥ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿖㓙᧦⚂ߢ޽ࠆࡌ࡞࠿᧦⚂ߦ߹ߚ㧘዁᧪ࠍ⷗ᝪ߃ߡ㧘੹ᓟ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱࠍ૞ᚑߔ

߅޿ߡ㧘ߔߢߦㆡᴺߦ౏ⴐߦឭଏߐࠇߚ⪺૞‛ߩࠆߣ߈ߪ㧘OCW ߢߩ౏㐿ࠍᗐቯߔࠆࠃ߁㧘ᢎຬᒁ↪ߪ㧘ߘߩᒁ↪߇౏ᱜߥᘠⴕߦว⥌ߒ㧘߆ߟ㧘ߦኻߒ໪⫥ᵴേࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬⪺૞ᮭߦߪ଻⼔ᦼ㑆߇⸳ߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬㧘ߘߩ⋡⊛਄ᱜᒰߥ▸࿐ߢⴕࠊࠇࠆߎߣࠍ᧦ઙߣߒ
ߡ⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩઁߩ⪺૞ᮭߩᮭ೑ߩⴕ

଻⼔ᦼ㑆ࠍㆊ߉ߚ߽ߩߪ㧘૶↪⸵⻌ࠍᓧࠆߎߣߥ

૶ߩ೙㒢ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘ฦ࿖߇ᴺ઎ߢቯ߼ࠆߎߣߦ

ߊ㧘೑↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫߫߃ߣߚޕ‬㧘⺰ᢥ⾼⺒ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᚒ߇࿖ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘‫ޟ‬ቇᩞߘߩઁߩᢎ

ߩࠃ߁ߥ᝼ᬺߢߪ㧘⺰ᢥ߇⻠⟵⾗ᢱߣߥࠆ߇㧘ቇ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦ߅޿ߡᢎ⢒ࠍᜂછߔࠆ⠪෸߮᝼ᬺࠍฃߌ

ⴚ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘⪺૞ᮭࠍቇⴚ⹹ߩ಴ ␠╬ߦ⼑ᷰߒࠆ⠪ߪ㧘ߘߩ᝼ᬺߩㆊ⒟ߦ߅ߌࠆ૶↪ߦଏߔࠆߎ

ߡ޿ࠆ႐ว߇ᄙߊ㧘ߎߩߣ߈ߪ㧘଻⼔ᦼ㑆ߪ㧘⪺ߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ႐วߦߪ㧘ᔅⷐߣ⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ㒢ᐲ⠪ߩᱫᓟߢߪߥߊ㧘⪺૞‛ߩ౏⴫ᓟ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘౏⴫ߐࠇߚ⪺૞‛ࠍⶄ⵾ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ

಴߈ࠆ㧔╙ 35 ᧦㧕‫ࠅ߅ߡࠇߐߣޠ‬㧘᝼ᬺߢ૶↪ߔࠆࠇ߫㧘⸵⻌ࠍ᳞߼ࠆߎߣߥߊ૶↪ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߦߪ㧘૶↪⸵⻌ࠍᓧࠆߎߣߥߊ㧘╙ਃ⠪

HU-OCW ߢ߽㧘ࡁ࡯ࡌ࡞⾨ฃ⾨⠪ߩ⺰ᢥߥߤ㧘ߩ⪺૞‛߇૶ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬ᢎ⢒ߪ㧘ᄙฎౖ⊛⺰ᢥߦߟ޿ߡ㧘಴ రߦᮭ೑㑐ଥࠍ໧޿ว

ߊߩవੱߩ⍮⼂ߩ਄ߦߥߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߡ㧘╙ࠊߖ㧘⏕⹺ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘OCW ߇ឭଏߒߡ޿

ਃ⠪ߩ⪺૞‛߇૶ࠊࠇࠆߩߪߏߊ⥄ὼߥߎߣߢ޽

ࠆߩߪ㧘⃻࿷ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ⻠⟵߇ਛᔃߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ࠆ߇㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱࠍ㧘හ㧘ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻

ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߪ㧘130 ᐕߣ޿ߞߚᱧผࠍ᦭ߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘਄ߢ౏㐿ߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇࠍ㧘ࠃࠅᐢߊࠃࠅᷓߊℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ߚߛ

రߦᮭ೑㑐ଥࠍ⏕⹺ߒ㧘଻⼔ᦼ㑆ࠍㆊ߉ߡ޿

HU-OCW ߢߪ㧘ᢎຬ╬ߩ⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩឭଏ⠪߆ߊߚ߼ߦ㧘ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߩ೨りߢ޽ࠆᧅᏻㄘቇᩞᤨ

ࠄ㧘⻠⟵⾗ᢱߦ฽߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛ߦ㑐ߔઍߩ⻠⟵ࡁ࡯࠻ߥߤ㧘ᱧผ⊛ߥ⻠⟵⾗ᢱߩ౏㐿ߩࠆᖱႎࠍᓧߡ㧘ߘߩ⪺૞‛ߩ⪺૞ᮭ⠪ߦ㧘⸵⻌ࠍḰ஻߽ㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓧࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦᔅⷐߥ޿႐วࠍ㒰߈㧘OCW ߢߩ౏㐿ߦߟ޿ߡߩ૶↪⸵⻌ࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫߹ࠇߎޕ‬3߹ߣ߼ߢ㧘⸘ 33 ᯏ㑐ߦ㧘⸵⻌ࠍ᳞߼㧔⴫ 1㧕
㧘19 ᯏ㑐߆ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ OCW ߩᵴേߦߟ޿ߡ㧘ߣࠄ౏㐿ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⸵⻌߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘2ߊߦ⪺૞ᮭಣℂߦߟ޿ߡႎ๔ߒߚ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬㧘ᄢᯏ㑐߆ࠄߪ⸵⻌ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᱷࠅቇߦ߅ߌࠆᢎ⢒ᵴേߪ㧘ᄢቇߦ㐽ߓߡ޿ߡ㧘⪺૞

ߩ 12 ᯏ㑐ߪ㄰╵߇ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᮭ╬⍮⊛ᚲ᦭ᮭߦߟ޿ߡ㧘߶ߣࠎߤᗧ⼂ߒߡߎߥ㧙㧙

߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᖱႎൻߩߥ߆ߢ㧘ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆᢎ⢒ᵴേ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠬࠠ࡞ࠍりߦઃߌࠆߎߣ߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿

߽ࠃࠅࠝ࡯ࡊࡦߦߥࠅ㧘⪺૞ᮭ╬⍮⊛ᚲ᦭ᮭߩ⷗

ࠆ‫ޕ‬OCW ߩᵴേߪ㧘ߎࠇߦ⾗ߔࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬⋥ߒ߇ߥߐࠇࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ߎࠇࠍㆡಾߦᛒ߁ߎߣ

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6

1

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10

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0

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1

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1

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1

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4

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㕖༡೑࿅૕

༡೑࿅૕࿖ᄖ㕖༡೑࿅૕⸘⴫ 1㧦⸵⻌↳⺧వ㧘↳⺧ᢙߣ⚿ᨐ

(a)

(b)

(c)

࿑ 1㧦⻠⟵⾗ᢱߢߩ╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛ߩขࠅᛒ޿଀㧧(a) ᵈᗧᦠ߈㧘(b) ォタ㧘(c) ೥㒰㧙㧙

⁊※†‒⇷∙⇻−⇩⇮

http://ocw.hokudai.ac.jp

Hokkaido University
OpenCourseWare䉣䊮䊧䉟䉸䉡䋨ᑧ㦂⨲䋩䊘䊒䊤ਗᧁᲢᘻ᩿ǋƝᚁɦƞƍᲣർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᢎ⢒䉕ᐢ䈒⍮䈦䈩䈇䈢䈣䈒䈢䉄䈮䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈮䈍䈔䉎ᢎ⢒䈱⾗ᢱ䉕䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃਄䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯
䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱⠨䈋䈲䋬☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ䋨㪤㪠㪫䋩䈏䋬ᄢቇ䈏ᜂ䈉⍮⼂᥉෸䈱ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ✚㐳ਛ᧛⌬↵䊝䊂䊦䈫䈚䈩䋬㪉㪇㪇㪈ᐕ䈮ឭ໒䈚䈢䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯䈖䉖䈮䈤䋬␠ળ᭴ㅧ䈱ᄌേ䈲ᭂ䉄䈩෩䈚䈇⁁ᴫ䈮䈅䉍䉁䈜䈏䋬⑳䈢䈤䈲䋬ᓥ᧪䈱ᘠⴕ䈮䈫䉌䉒䉏䉎䈖䈫䈭䈒䋬ᒰ㕙䈜䉎⺖㗴䈮䊐䊨䊮䊁䉞䉝♖␹䉕ᜬ䈦䈩᜸ᚢ䈜䉎䇸⍮䈱વ㆐䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸⍮䈱ᵴ↪䇹䈫䈇䈉ਃ䈧䈱છോ䉕ᨐ䈜䈼䈒䋬䈠䉏䈡䉏䋬䇸਎⇇᳓Ḱ䈱⎇ⓥ䇹䋬䇸⌀䈮ቇ↢䈱䈢䉄䈱ᢎ⢒䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸ᐢ䈒␠ળ䈻䈱⽸₂䇹䈫䈇䈉ⷞὐ䈪䋬䈇䈦䈠䈉᣿⏕䈮␠ળ䈮⊒ା䈚䈩䈇䈒ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬ᢎ⢒䈱ᖱႎൻ䈏ㅴ䉃䈭䈎䈪䋬␠ળ⊛䊆䊷䉵䉕䈸䉁䈋䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ၮᧄℂᔨ䈮ၮ䈨䈐䋬ᢎ⢒⾗↥䉕␠ળ䈮⊒ା䈜䉎䈫䈫䉅䈮䋬ᢎ⢒䈱⾰䈱ะ਄䉕䉄䈙䈚䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉰䉟䊃䉕㐿⸳䈇䈢䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯ᒰೋ䈲䋬㒢䉌䉏䈢⾗ᢱ䈱౏㐿䈫䈭䉍䉁䈜䈏䋬ᄙ䈒䈱⊝᭽䈱ᢎ⢒䊶ቇ⠌ᵴേ╬䈱৻ഥ䈫䈭䉏䈳ᐘ䈇䈪䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈮䈧䈇䈩䋬䈗ℂ⸃䋬䈗දജ䉕⾦䉍䉁䈜䉋䈉䋬䈍㗿䈇䈇䈢䈚䉁䈜䇯㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪊᦬ᧃ⃻࿷䋬ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋷䋬ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋶䋬ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋷䈱౏㐿䈱Ḱ஻䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯ᧅᏻ䉨䊞䊮䊌䉴

ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝 䋨HU-OCW䋩
http://ocw.hokudai.ac.jp
䇾060-0811 ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷 ධ㙚ౝ㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪊᦬ᧃ㧙㧙

OpenCourseWare

Hokkaido University䈖䈫䈏᳞䉄䉌䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈫䈚䈩䋬䇸⍮䈱ഃㅧ䇹䋬҅ෙᢊ‫ܖٻ‬ƷؕஜྸࣞȕȭȳȆǣǢችᅕ

Frontier Spirit䊐䊨䊮䊁䉞䉝♖␹䈫䈲䋬ቇ↢෸䈶ᢎ⡯ຬ䈏䈠䉏䈡䉏䈱ᤨઍ䈱⺖㗴䉕ᒁ䈐ฃ䈔䋬ᢓὼ䈫䈚䈩ᣂ䈚䈇㆏䉕ಾ䉍ᜏ䈇䈩䈇䈒䈼䈐䈫
䈜䉎ℂᗐਥ⟵䉕ᗧ๧䈚䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯ᧅᏻㄘቇᩞ䈱㐿ᩞᑼ䈮䈅䈢䈦䈩䉪䊤䊷䉪ඳ჻䈏໒䈋䈢㵰lofty ambition㵱䋨㜞ㆳ䈭䉎ᄢᔒ䋩䈫䈇䈉⸒ㄉ䉕┵✜䈫䈚䈩䋬਎♿䉕⿥䈋䈩ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉕ំ䉎䈑䈭䈒ᡰ䈋䈩䈐䈢ၮᧄℂᔨ䈪䈜䇯䉝䉦䉲䉝䋨㊎᭸䋩‫׎‬ᨥࣱƷ෪᫱

Global Perspectivesᧅᏻㄘቇᩞ䈲䋬ᄖ࿖ੱᢎᏧ䈱⧷⺆䈮䉋䉎᝼ᬺ䈏ⴕ䉒䉏䋬ᧅᏻㄘቇᩞ䈱⸳┙ᒰೋ䈎䉌䋬࿖㓙ᕈ䈱ᶩ㙃䈫䈇䈉ℂᔨ䈲䋬䈘䉁䈙䉁䈭ᒻ䈪ฃ䈔⛮䈏䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䈖䉏䉁䈪䋬ᧄቇ䈱ᄙ䈒䈱තᬺ↢䈏ᶏᄖ䈮䈍䈇䈩ᵴべ䈚䋬䉁䈢䋬ᄙ䈒䈱ᄖ࿖ੱ⎇ⓥ⠪䊶⇐ቇ↢䉕ฃ䈔౉䉏䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯䊘䊒䊤䋨⷏ᵗ▫ᩉ䋩μʴ૙Ꮛ

All-round Educationᧅᏻㄘቇᩞ䈪䈲䋬ㄘᬺኾ㐷ኅ䈱㙃ᚑ䈮ᱛ䉁䉌䈝䋬⼾䈎䈭ੱ㑆ᕈ䈫㜞䈇⍮ᕈ䉕౗䈰஻䈋䋬ᐢ䈇ᢎ㙃䉕り䈮䈧䈔䈢ੱ㑆䈱⢒ᚑ䉕࿑䉍䋬ౝ᧛㐓ਃ䋬ᔒ⾐㊀ᣵ䋬ᣂᷰᚭⒷㅧ䋬᦭ፉᱞ㇢䈭䈬ᕁᗐ䊶ᢥቇ䉕䈲䈛䉄䋬ੱᢥ␠ળಽ㊁䈮䈍䈔䉎ఝ䉏䈢ੱ᧚䉕ᰴ䇱䈮ヘ಴䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈮䈍䈔䉎ోੱᢎ⢒䈱ℂᔨ䈲䋬੹ᣣ䈮⥋䉎䉁䈪䋬ኾ㐷⊛⍮⼂䉕ᵴ↪䈜䉎䈢䉄䈱✚ว⊛್ᢿ䉟䉼䊢䉡䋨㌁᧙䋩ജ䈫㜞䈇⼂⷗䉕஻䈋䈢ੱ᧚⢒ᚑ䈱ၮ⋚䈫䈚䈩䈱ᢎ㙃ᢎ⢒䉕㊀ⷞ䈜䉎વ⛔䈫䈚䈩⛮ᛚ䈘䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯ܱ‫ܖ‬Ʒ᣻ᙻ

Practical Learningታቇ䈱㊀ⷞ䈫䈇䈉ℂᔨ䈲䋬ᧅᏻㄘቇᩞ䈏䋬᭽䇱䈭⧰㔍䉕ਸ਼䉍⿧䈋䈩✚วᄢቇ䈻䈫⊒ዷ䈜䉎ㆊ⒟䈮䈍䈇䈩䋬ੑ䈧䈱ᗧ๧䉕฽䉂䈧䈧ቯ⌕䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯䈠䉏䈲䋬⃻ታ਎⇇䈫৻૕䈫䈭䈦䈢᥉ㆉ⊛ቇ໧䈱ഃㅧ䈫䈚䈩䈱⎇ⓥ䈫䋬ၮ␆⎇ⓥ䈱䉂䈭䉌䈝ᔕ↪䉇ታ↪ൻ䉕㊀䉖䈛䋬⎇ⓥᚑᨐ䈱␠ળㆶర䉕㊀ⷞ䈜䉎䈫䈇䈉ᗧ๧䈪䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏䈱ᐢᄢ䈭⥄ὼ䈱ਛ䈪ⴕ䈭䉒䉏䈢ችㇱ㊄๋䈱ᬀ‛䉣䊦䊛䋨ᬯ䋩

䈱⎇ⓥ䉇ਛ⼱ቝศ㇢䈮䉋䉎㔐䈱⎇ⓥ╬䈲䋬りㄭ䈭⃻⽎䉕⧘䈫䈚䈩᥉ㆉ⊛⌀ℂ䉕ഃㅧ䈚䈢⎇ⓥ䈱♖⪇䈪䈅䉍䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈮䈍䈔䉎⎇ⓥ䈱ਛ䈮䈲䋬ർᶏ㆏䈱↥ᬺ䈫䈫䉅䈮⊒ዷ䈚䈢䉅䈱䈏ዋ䈭䈒䈅䉍䉁䈞䉖䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉰䉟䊃ᶏᄖ࿖ౝ☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ

㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫆㪺㫎㪅㫄㫀㫋㪅㪼㪻㫌㪆ਛ࿖㪚㪦㪩㪜䋨㪚㪿㫀㫅㪸㩷㪦㫇㪼㫅㩷㪩㪼㫊㫆㫌㫉㪺㪼㩷㪽㫆㫉㩷㪜㪻㫌㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅䋩㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㪺㫆㫉㪼㪅㫆㫉㪾㪅㪺㫅㪆㪼㫅㪆㫀㫅㪻㪼㫏㪅㪿㫋㫄䊐䊤䊮䉴㪧㪸㫉㫀㫊㪫㪼㪺㪿 㪦㫇㪼㫅㪚㫆㫌㫉㫊㪼㪮㪸㫉㪼 㫇㫉㫆㫁㪼㪺㫋㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㪾㫉㪸㪻㫌㪸㫋㪼㫊㪺㪿㫆㫆㫃㪅㫇㪸㫉㫀㫊㫋㪼㪺㪿㪅㫆㫉㪾㪆ᣣᧄ㪦㪚㪮ㅪ⛊ળ 㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㫁㫆㪺㫎㪅㫁㫇㪆䋨ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䋬᧲੩ᄢቇ䋬ᘮᔕᄢቇ䋬ᣧⒷ↰ᄢቇ䋬᧲੩Ꮏᬺᄢቇ䋬ฬฎደᄢቇ䋬੩ㇺᄢቇ䋬ᄢ㒋ᄢቇ䋬਻Ꮊᄢቇ䋬䊜䊂䉞䉝ᢎ⢒㐿⊒䉶䊮䉺䊷 䋨㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪊᦬ᧃ⃻࿷䋩䋩ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱㑐ㅪWeb䉰䉟䊃ᢎ⢒ᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋨㪜㪣㪤㪪䊘䊷䉺䊦䋩㪿㫋㫋㫇㫊㪑㪆㪆㫌㫇㫆㫉㫋㪅㪼㪺㪅㪿㫆㫂㫌㪻㪸㫀㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆ᢎോᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋨ቇ☋䋬ጁୃ╬䋩㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫀㫅㪽㫆㫄㪸㫀㫅㪅㪸㪺㪸㪻㪼㫄㫀㪺㪅㪿㫆㫂㫌㪻㪸㫀㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆㒝ዻ࿑ᦠ㙚㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㫃㫀㪹㪅㪿㫆㫂㫌㪻㪸㫀㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆ቇⴚᚑᨐ䉮䊧䉪䉲䊢䊮䋨㪟㪬㪪㪚㪘㪧䋩㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㪼㫇㫉㫀㫅㫋㫊㪅㫃㫀㪹㪅㪿㫆㫂㫌㪻㪸㫀㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆㧙㧙

http://ocw.hokudai.ac.jp

Hokkaido University
OpenCourseWare䉣䊮䊧䉟䉸䉡䋨ᑧ㦂⨲䋩䊘䊒䊤ਗᧁᲢᘻ᩿ǋƝᚁɦƞƍᲣർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᢎ⢒䉕ᐢ䈒⍮䈦䈩䈇䈢䈣䈒䈢䉄䈮䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈮䈍䈔䉎ᢎ⢒䈱⾗ᢱ䉕䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃਄䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯
䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱⠨䈋䈲䋬☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ䋨㪤㪠㪫䋩䈏䋬ᄢቇ䈏ᜂ䈉⍮⼂᥉෸䈱䊝䊂䊦䈫䈚䈩䋬㪉㪇㪇㪈ᐕ䈮ឭ໒䈚䈢䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ✚㐳ਛ᧛⌬↵㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫆㪺㫎㪅㫄㫀㫋㪅㪼㪻㫌㪆㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㫁㫆㪺㫎㪅㫁㫇㪆䈖䉖䈮䈤䋬␠ળ᭴ㅧ䈱ᄌേ䈲ᭂ䉄䈩෩䈚䈇⁁ᴫ䈮䈅䉍䉁䈜䈏䋬⑳䈢䈤䈲䋬ᓥ᧪䈱ᘠⴕ䈮䈫䉌䉒䉏䉎䈖䈫䈭䈒䋬ᒰ㕙䈜䉎⺖㗴䈮䊐䊨䊮䊁䉞䉝♖␹䉕ᜬ䈦䈩᜸ᚢ䈜䉎䇸⍮䈱વ㆐䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸⍮䈱ᵴ↪䇹䈫䈇䈉ਃ䈧䈱છോ䉕ᨐ䈜䈼䈒䋬䈠䉏䈡䉏䋬䇸਎⇇᳓Ḱ䈱⎇ⓥ䇹䋬䇸⌀䈮ቇ↢䈱䈢䉄䈱ᢎ⢒䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸ᐢ䈒␠ળ䈻䈱⽸₂䇹䈫䈇䈉ⷞὐ䈪䋬䈇䈦䈠䈉᣿⏕䈮␠ળ䈮⊒ା䈚䈩䈇䈒ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬ᢎ⢒䈱ᖱႎൻ䈏ㅴ䉃䈭䈎䈪䋬␠ળ⊛䊆䊷䉵䉕䈸䉁䈋䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ၮᧄℂᔨ䈮ၮ䈨䈐䋬ᢎ⢒⾗↥䉕␠ળ䈮⊒ା䈜䉎䈫䈫䉅䈮䋬ᢎ⢒䈱⾰䈱ะ਄䉕䉄䈙䈚䋬ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉰䉟䊃䉕㐿⸳䈇䈢䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯ᒰೋ䈲䋬㒢䉌䉏䈢⾗ᢱ䈱౏㐿䈫䈭䉍䉁䈜䈏䋬ᄙ䈒䈱⊝᭽䈱ᢎ⢒䊶ቇ⠌ᵴേ╬䈱৻ഥ䈫䈭䉏䈳ᐘ䈇䈪䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈮䈧䈇䈩䋬䈗ℂ⸃䋬䈗දജ䉕⾦䉍䉁䈜䉋䈉䋬䈍㗿䈇䈇䈢䈚䉁䈜䇯㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪊᦬ᧃ⃻࿷䋬ోቇᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋷䋬ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋶䋬ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒⑼⋡䋷䈱౏㐿䈱Ḱ஻䉕ㅴ䉄䈩䈍䉍䉁䈜䇯ᧅᏻ䉨䊞䊮䊌䉴

ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝 䋨HU-OCW䋩
http://ocw.hokudai.ac.jp
䇾060-0811 ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷 ධ㙚ౝౝ✢ 3555㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪊᦬ᧃ㧙㧙

OpenCourseWare

Hokkaido University䈖䈫䈏᳞䉄䉌䉏䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䋬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈫䈚䈩䋬䇸⍮䈱ഃㅧ䇹䋬Ƃ૙ՃƷႏಮǁƃǪȸȗȳǳȸǹǦǧǢưƷπ᧏䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲ᢎ⢒䈱౏㐿䈪䈜䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䈮䈲䋬ㇱዪ䈱ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ㅪ⛊ຬ䋨㪦㪚㪮ㅪ⛊ຬ䋩䉕ㅢ䈚䈩䋬䉁䈢䈲䋬ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱㪮㪼㪹䉰䉟䊃䋨㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫆㪺㫎㪅㪿㫆㫂㫌㪻㪸㫀㪅㪸㪺㪅㫁㫇㪆㪘㪧㪆䋩䈪䈗ㅪ⛊䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯
䈗᳁ฬ
ㅪ⛊వ
᝼ᬺฬ
᝼ᬺ䈱ኻ⽎

ోቇᢎ⢒䋬ቇㇱኾ㐷ᢎ⢒䋬ᄢቇ㒮ᢎ⢒䋬䈠䈱ઁ䉕䈗ㅪ⛊䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱ᣇ䈎䉌䋬౏㐿䈮ᔅⷐ䈭䊐䉜䉟䊦ᒻᑼ䉇⪺૞ᮭ╬䈮䈧䈇䈩ㅪ⛊䈇䈢䈚䉁䈜䇯᳋Რ᲻䋨⹦⚦䈲䋬ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈱㪮㪼㪹䉰䉟䊃䉕䈗ⷩ䈒䈣䈘䈇䇯䋩㪨 ኻ⽎䈲䋿䌁 ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᱜⷙ䈱᝼ᬺ䈮䈍䈔䉎ᢎ⢒⾗ᢱ䈪䈜䇯ㆊ෰䈱䉅䈱䉅ኻ⽎䈫䈚䉁䈜䇯䌑 ౏㐿䈜䉎ᢎ⢒⾗ᢱ䈲䋿䌁 ᝼ᬺฬ䉇ᜂᒰᢎຬฬ╬䈱ၮᧄᖱႎ䋬䉲䊤䊋䉴╬䈱᭎ⷐᖱႎ䋬䉴䉬䉳䊠䊷䊦╬䈱ᖱႎ䋬䈠䈚䈩⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈪䈜䇯䈖䈖䈪䈱⻠⟵䈮䈲䋬ታ⠌䉇Ṷ⠌䈱᝼ᬺ䉅฽䉂䉁䈜䇯⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈮䈲䋬ᢎ⑼ᦠ䈫䈇䈦䈢䊁䉨䉴䊃䋬᝼ᬺ↪䈱వ↢䈱䊉䊷䊃䋬᝼ᬺᤨ䈮㈩Ꮣ䈜䉎䊒䊥䊮䊃╬䋬᝼ᬺᤨ䈮ឭ␜䈜䉎㪧㫆㫎㪼㫉㪧㫆㫀㫅㫋䉴䊤䉟䊄╬䈱䉮䊮䊏䊠䊷䉺਄䈱⾗ᢱ䋬⺖㗴䊶⹜㛎䋬᝼ᬺ䉕෼㍳䈚䈢ᤋ௝䊶㖸ჿ䋬ቇ↢䈱૞ຠ䋬⻠⟵䈮㑐ㅪ䈜䉎ฦ⒳⾗ᢱ෸䈶䊥䊮䉪ᖱႎ╬䈏䈅䉍䉁䈜䇯ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈪౏㐿䈜䉎䈮䈲䋬૗䉌䈎䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱౏㐿䈲ᔅⷐ䈪䈜䈏䋬䈜䈼䈩䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱౏㐿䈲ᔅⷐ䈅䉍䉁䈞䉖䇯㪨 ౏㐿ᣇᴺ䈲䋿㪘 㪮㪼㪹䈪৻⥸䈮౏㐿䈚䉁䈜䇯㪟㪫㪤㪣䋬㪧㪛㪝╬೎ㅜቯ䉄䉎ᒻᑼ䈪౏㐿䈚䉁䈜䇯ᤋ௝䊶㖸ჿ䈱㈩ା䉅ⴕ䈇䉁䈜䇯㪨 ⪺૞ᮭ╬⍮⊛ᚲ᦭ᮭ䈲䋿㪘 ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈪⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䉕౏㐿䈜䉎ᮭ೑䉕᦭䈚䉁䈜䇯ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈪䈱౏㐿䈲䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈮䈍䈔䉎╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛䈱೑↪╬䈱⍮⊛ᚲ᦭ᮭ䈱໧㗴䈏䈭䈇䈖䈫䉕⏕⹺䈱਄䋬ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈏䋬ᢎຬ╬䈱ᮭ೑⠪䈎䉌䋬⻠⟵⾗ᢱ╬䈱㪮㪼㪹╬䈪䈱౏㐿䈮㑐䈜䉎૶↪⸵⻌䉕ᓧ䈩ⴕ䈇䉁䈜䇯ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬೑↪⠪䈮䋬⪺૞ᮭᖱႎ䈱᣿␜෸䈶ή଻⸽䈪䋬೑↪䉕⹺䉄䉁䈜䇯㪨 ⧰ᖱ╬䈱ಣℂ䈲䋿㪘 ᢎຬ╬䈱ㅪ⛊వ䈱ᖱႎ䈲౏㐿䈚䉁䈞䉖䇯ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈮㑐䈜䉎⧰ᖱ䋬䈗ᗧ⷗╬䈻䈱ኻᔕ䈲䋬ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉕⓹ญ䈫䈚䈩ⴕ䈇䉁䈜䇯ᮭ೑ଚኂ䈏᣿䉌䈎䈭䈫䈐䈲䋬⹥ᒰ䈜䉎⾗ᢱ╬䈱౏㐿䉕஗ᱛ䈚䉁䈜䇯㪨 䌥䊤䊷䊆䊮䉫䈫䈱㑐ଥ䈲䋿㪘 䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈲䋬න૏䉕ਈ䈋䉎ᢎ⢒䈪䈲䈅䉍䉁䈞䉖䇯ᢎ⢒⾗ᢱ䉕౏㐿䈜䉎䉅䈱䈪䈅䉍䋬ᢎ⢒䈱⾰䈱ะ਄䉕䉄䈙䈜䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䈪䈱౏㐿䈲ᢎ⢒ᬺ❣䈫䈚䈩⹏ଔ䈘䉏䉎䉅䈱䈪䈜䇯㪨 䉲䊤䊋䉴䉲䉴䊁䊛╬䈫䈱㑐ଥ䈲䋿㪘 䉲䊤䊋䉴ឭଏ╬䈱ᢎോᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋬ᢎ⢒䊘䊷䉺䊦䋨㪜㪣㪤㪪䋩ឭଏ╬䈱ᢎ⢒ᖱႎ䉲䉴䊁䊛䋬ቇⴚᚑᨐ䉮䊧䉪䉲䊢䊮䉲䉴䊁䊛䋨㪟㪬㪪㪚㪘㪧䋩䈫䋬ᢎ⢒䈱ታᣉ෸䈶౏㐿䈮㑐䈚䋬䈠䉏䈡䉏䈱ᓎഀ䉕䈸䉁䈋䋬ㅪ៤䉕࿑䈦䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝㩿㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮㪀䈲䇮ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶ䈱䉅䈫䈮䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉫䊦䊷䊒䈏⸳⟎䈘䉏䇮䈠䈱䉅䈫䈪䇮ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䈏ታോ૞ᬺ䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䈘䉌䈮䇮ㇱዪ䈮㪦㪚㪮ㅪ⛊ຬ䈏⟎䈎䉏䇮ቇോㇱ䇮ᖱႎၮ⋚䉶䊮䉺䊷䇮⍮⊛⽷↥ᧄㇱ䈱දജ䈮䉋䉍䇮䉮䊮䊁䊮䉿෼㓸䉕䈲䈛䉄䈫䈜䉎૞ᬺ䉕ⴕ䈦䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝࿖㓙ળ⼏ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ቶᣣᤨ䋺㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪋᦬㪉㪇ᣣ 㪈㪇㪑㪇㪇㩷䋭 㪈㪏㪑㪇㪇႐ᚲ䋺੩ㇺᄢቇ ᤨ⸘บ⸥ᔨ㙚⊖๟ᐕ⸥ᔨ䊖䊷䊦ਥ௅䋺ᣣᧄ㪦㪚㪮ㅪ⛊ળ䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ
ද⾥䋺䊜䊂䉞䉝ᢎ⢒㐿⊒䉶䊮䉺䊷㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㫁㫆㪺㫎㪅㫁㫇ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝 䊪䊷䉨䊮䉫䉫䊦䊷䊒ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ㅪ⛊ຬ䋨㪦㪚㪮ㅪ⛊ຬ䋩ർᄢ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛㧙㧙

ჷƷᆸǁŵ

᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↝ჷᜤ↝୍ӏ⇁↰ↅↆ↎⅚ᜒ፯᝻૰↝π᧏҅ෙᢊ‫⇈⇍⇌⇟∞⇙∙⇽∞⇐ܖٻ‬h t t p : / / o c w . h o k u d a i . a c . j p䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䋨㪦㪚㪮䋩䈫䈲䇮㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈮䈍䈔䉎ᱜⷙ䈱᝼ᬺ䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䋨䉲䊤䊋䉴䇮䊁䉨䉴䊃䇮⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃╬䋩䉕䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃਄䈪ήఘ౏㐿䈜䉎ข䉍⚵䉂䈪䈜䇯䈖䉏䈲䇮䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃ᤨઍ䈮䈍䈔䉎㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈱⍮⼂᥉෸䈱৻䈧䈱䊝䊂䊦䈫䈚䈩䇮☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ
䋨㪤㪠㪫䋩䈱ਥ໒䈮䉋䉍ᆎ䉁䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯䈠䈱ᓟ䇮☨࿖ౝ䈱ઁ䈱ᄢቇ䈻䇮䈠䈚䈩䊣䊷䊨䉾䊌䉇䉝䉳䉝䈱ᄢቇ䈻䈫䇮਎⇇ਛ䈮ᐢ䈏䉍䈧䈧䈅䉍䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䇮㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪋᦬䈮ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䋨㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮䋩䈱㪮㪼㪹䉰䉟䊃䉕౏㐿䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䇮㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈫䈚䈩䇮䇸⍮䈱ഃㅧ䇹䇮䇸⍮䈱વ㆐䇹෸䈶䇸⍮䈱ᵴ↪䇹䈫䈇䈉ਃ䈧䈱છോ䉕ᨐ䈜䈼䈒䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏䇮䇸਎⇇᳓Ḱ䈱⎇ⓥ䇹䇮䇸⌀䈮ቇ↢䈱䈢䉄䈱ᢎ⢒䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸ᐢ䈒␠ળ䈻䈱⽸₂䇹䈫䈇䈉ⷞὐ䈪␠ળ䈮⊒ା䈚䈩䈇䈒ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮䈲䇮ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᵴേ䈱ㅘ᣿ᐲ䉕㜞䉄䇮㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈱⍮⼂䈱᥉෸䈮ነਈ䈚䇮ᢎ⢒䈱⾰䈱ะ਄䉕䉄䈙䈜䈖䈫䉕⋡ᮡ䈮ឝ䈕䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯⊝᭽䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䈱䈗ឭଏ䉕䈍㗿䈇䈇䈢䈚䉁䈜䇯㧙㧙

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⁁‵⁉↝࠼ⅻ↹҅‫↞⁉‵⁁ٻ‬㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪈㪈᦬⃻࿷䇮䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛ർᄢ㪦㪚㪮䈲એਅ䈱ข䉍⚵䉂䉕ㅢ䈚䈩䇮ർᄢ䈱䋨㪦㪚㪮㪚䋩䈱ട⋖࿅૕䈲䈜䈪䈮਎⇇⊛䈭ᐢ䈏䉍䉕䉂䈞䈩䈇䉁․⦡䉕↢䈎䈚䈢㝯ജ䈅䉎䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈮Ⓧᭂ⊛䈮䈜䋨࿑䋱䋩䇯

ෳട䈚䈩䈇䈐䉁䈜䇯䉁䈢䇮䈠䈱ട⋖ᢙ⥄૕䉅㗅⺞䈮Ⴧട䈚䈩䈍䉍䇮䇸⍮䈱౏㐿䊶౒᦭䇹䈫䈇䈉ℂᔨ䈻䈱㑐ᔃ䈱㜞䉁䉍䉕␜䈚䈩䈇䉁䈜䋨⴫䋩䇯z㪇㪍ᐕ㪌᦬䈮㐿⸳䈘䉏䈢ർᄢർ੩੐ോᚲ䈫䈱ㅪ៤࿑䋲䈲㪦㪚㪮㪚ട౉࿅૕䈮䉋䉎䉮䊷䉴䈱౏㐿ᢙ䈪䇮࿑䋳䈲z⇐ቇ↢࿅૕䈫䈱ㅪ៤㪦㪚㪮㪚䈻䈱䊎䉳䉾䊃ᢙ䈪䈜䇯ട⋖ᢙ䈱Ⴧട䈮઻䈦䈩䇮䈖䈤䉌䉅㗅⺞䈭Ⴧട䉕䉂䈞䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯䈠䈚䈩੹ᓟ䉅䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈠䈱䉅zૐ᷷⑼ቇ⎇ⓥᚲ䊶࿖㓙ධᭂᄢቇ 䇮࿖㓙ᐢႎ䊜䈱䈱ᵄ෸䉅䈸䈒䉄䈩䇮౏㐿ᢙ䊶ട⋖ᢙ䈱Ⴧട䈏ᦼᓙ䈘䉏䈩䈇䊂䉞䉝䊶ⷰశቇ㒮ⷰశഃㅧኾ᡹䈭䈬䇮ᵈ⋡䈘䉏䉎䉁䈜䇯䉮䊷䉴䈱౏㐿

ᣣᧄ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䉮䊮䉸䊷䉲䉝䊛䋨㪡㪦㪚㪮䋩䉅㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕzᧅᏻㄘቇᩞᤨઍ䈱⾆㊀䈭⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃䇮䉝䊷䉦䉟㪈㪈᦬⃻࿷䇮ᱜળຬ㪈㪌ᄢቇ䇮⾥ഥળຬ㪊࿅૕䈫䈭䉍䇮ᣣᧄ䈮䈍䊑䈱౏㐿䈔䉎䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䊒䊨䉳䉢䉪䊃䈱ᵴᕈൻ䉕෻ᤋ䈚䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯㧙㧙

᝻૰π᧏↭↖↝්↻㽲 ⾗ᢱ䈱ឭଏ㽳 ⪺૞ᮭಣℂ╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛⪺૞ᮭ⠪丵▤ℂ⠪㽴 ㄰╵且䷢丶丈丏丂䷮㽵 ⚿ᨐႎ๔⾗ᢱୃᱜ㽶 ౏㐿╙ਃ⠪⪺૞‛⪺
૞⠪义ᢎຬ乊
⪺૞ᮭ⠪丵▤ℂ⠪ർᄢ㪦㪚㪮ታᣉ䉼䊷䊛䊐䉞䊷䊄䊋䉾䉪

೑↪⠪㪉㪇㪇㪍㪆㪈㪈㪆㪉㪇⃻ ࿷

ឝ タ ⑼ ⋡ ৻ ⷩ 䋨㪉㪏䉮 䊷 䉴 䋩
᝼ᬺ⑼⋡⒳೎ᄢቇ㒮⻠⟵䋨㪐 䉮 䊷 䉴 䋩

⻠⟵㗴⋡ฬ

ᜂᒰᢎຬ

␠ળ䈱⹺⼂

Ⅳ Ⴚ 䈫࿾ ၞ ␠ ળ␠ળ䈱⹺⼂ᚢ ੎ 䈫 ᐔ ๺ 㩷㪄㩷᡽ ᴦ ⚻ ᷣ ቇ ⊛ 䉝 䊒 䊨 䊷 䉼 ૒ 䇱 ᧁ 㓉 ↢ᢙቇ᭎⺰㪘ᗲ 䈪䈲䈛䉁䉎ᓸ Ⓧ ಽ⍹Ꮉ೰㇢‛ ℂ ቇ 㪠㪠

ᾲജቇ

ㄞ⷗⵨ผ

ᕁ ⚝ 䈫⸒ ⺆

⺰ℂቇ㪘

ਛᚭᎹቁᴦ

ᢥቇㇱ

Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ

Ⅳ Ⴚ 䈫౏ ౒ ᕈ 䈱 ␠ ળ ቇ

ችౝᵏ੺

ᢥቇㇱ

Ყセ࿾ၞ␠ળቇ

⽺ ࿎ 䊶᳃ ᣖ 䊶↢ ᵴ 䈱 ␠ ળ ቇችౝᵏ੺ో ቇ ᢎ ⢒ ⑼ ⋡ 䋨 㪌䉮 䊷 䉴 䋩ቇㇱኾ㐷⑼⋡
䋨㪈 㪋䉮 䊷 䉴 䋩

᝼ᬺ⑼⋡ฬ

ችౝᵏ੺

ᢥቇㇱ

␠ળ䉲䉴䊁䊛⑼ቇ᭎⺰␠ ળ ቇ 䈱 ℂ ⺰ 䈫ᣇ ᴺ

ᰞ੗⟵⑲

ᢥቇㇱ

␠ળ᭴ㅧ⺰

ᣣ ᧄ 䈱 ␠ ળ ᄌ േ䈫ቬ ᢎ ᄌ ኈ

ᰞ੗⟵⑲

ᢥቇㇱ

␠ળቇ⎇ⓥᴺ⾰ ⊛ ␠ ળ ⺞ ᩏ 䈱 ᣇ ᴺ 䈫ታ 㓙

ᰞ੗⟵⑲

ᢥቇㇱ

␠ળᄌേ⺰

ᣣ ᧄ ␠ ળ 䈱 ᄌ േ 䈫ኅ ᣖ

ᰞ੗⟵⑲

⚻ᷣቇㇱ

᡽ ᴦ ⚻ ᷣ ቇ 䌉䌉䉫 䊨 䊷 䊋 䊦 䊶䉣 䉮 䊉 䊚 䊷 䈱 ᡽ ᴦ ⚻ ᷣ ቇ

૒䇱ᧁ㓉↢

ℂቇㇱ

࿾⃿ᖺᤊ⁁ᘒ‛ℂቇ㪈

ℂቇㇱᐞ૗ቇ⛯⺰㪈ᣣ⟎ᐘ੺Ꮏቇㇱ⍮⢻ᖱႎಣℂᎿቇㇱ䉫䊤䊐ℂ ⺰䉫 䊤 䊐 ℂ ⺰ 㩿㪉㪇㪇㪍㪀

੗਄⚐৻

Ꮏቇㇱ

䉫䊤䊐ℂ ⺰䉫 䊤 䊐 ℂ ⺰ 㩿㪉㪇㪇㪌㪀

੗਄⚐৻

Ꮏቇㇱ

ᖱႎℂ⺰

੗਄⚐৻

ㄘቇㇱ

↢ ‛ ᯏ ⢻ ൻ ቇ ታ 㛎 㪠㪠㩷㪄㩷ᬀ ‛ ᩕ 㙃 ቇା Ớ 㩷ථ ㇢ℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ‛ℂቇ․⺰䋴

ᄢ᳇ᶏᵗ⛔⸘䊂䊷䉺⸃ᨆ⷗ᑧᐣ჻㇢⟲ ⺰ 䈫ᩰ ሶ ᝄ േㄞ⷗⵨ผ౮ ௝ ⓨ 㑆 䈱 䊃䊘 䊨 䉳 䊷 䈫ᐞ ૗ 䈫․ ⇣ ὐ

⍹Ꮉ೰㇢
ᩙේᱜੳ

ℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼

⋧ォ⒖‛ᕈ‛ℂቇᎿቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㪩 㫆㪺㫂㩷㪜 㫅㪾㫀㫅㪼㪼㫉㫀㫅㪾

⮮੗⟵᣿

Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼

⚿᥏⋧ォ⒖․⺰

᛬ේብ

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ᖱ ႎ ⍮ ⼂ 䊈 䉾 䊃䊪 䊷 䉪 ․ ⺰༑↰ᜏ਽

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰ᷙ ᴋ ♽ Ꮏ ቇ ․ ⺰ 㩿㪉㪇㪇㪌㪀੗਄⚐৻

ᖱႎ⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ᷙᴋ♽Ꮏቇ․⺰ᷙ ᴋ ♽ Ꮏ ቇ ․ ⺰ 㩿㪉㪇㪇㪋㪀

੗਄⚐৻

ⅣႺ⑼ቇ㒮

㪛 㫐㫅㪸㫄 㫀㪺㫊㩷㫆㪽㩷㪠㪺㪼㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪾㫃㪸㪺㫀㪼㫉㫊㪩 㪸㫃㪽㩷㪞 㫉㪼㫍㪼౏౒᡽╷ᄢቇ㒮

࿖㓙⚻ᷣቇ

૒䇱ᧁ㓉↢

࿖㓙⚻ᷣቇ

㧙㧙

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㪤㪸㫀㫃㪑contact@ocw.hokudai.ac.jp㪫㪜㪣㪆㪝㪘㪯㩷㪑㪇㪈㪈㪄㪎㪇㪍㪄㪊㪌㪌㪌㧙㧙

ჷƷᆸǁŵ

᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↝ჷᜤ↝୍ӏ⇁↰ↅↆ↎⅚ᜒ፯᝻૰↝π᧏҅ෙᢊ‫⇈⇍⇌⇟∞⇙∙⇽∞⇐ܖٻ‬h t t p : / / o c w . h o k u d a i . a c . j p䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䋨㪦㪚㪮䋩䈫䈲䇮㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈮䈍䈔䉎ᱜⷙ䈱᝼ᬺ䈱⻠⟵⾗ᢱ䋨䉲䊤䊋䉴䇮䊁䉨䉴䊃䇮⻠⟵䊉䊷䊃╬䋩䉕䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃਄䈪ήఘ౏㐿䈜䉎ข䉍⚵䉂䈪䈜䇯䈖䉏䈲䇮䉟䊮䉺䊷䊈䉾䊃ᤨઍ䈮䈍䈔䉎㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈱⍮⼂᥉෸䈱৻䈧䈱䊝䊂䊦䈫䈚䈩䇮☨࿖䊙䉰䉼䊠䊷䉶䉾䉿Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ
䋨㪤㪠㪫䋩䈱ਥ໒䈮䉋䉍ᆎ䉁䉍䉁䈚䈢䇯䈠䈱ᓟ䇮☨࿖ౝ䈱ઁ䈱ᄢቇ䈻䇮䈠䈚䈩䊣䊷䊨䉾䊌䉇䉝䉳䉝䈱ᄢቇ䈻䈫䇮਎⇇ਛ䈮ᐢ䈏䉍䈧䈧䈅䉍䉁䈜䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䇮㪉㪇㪇㪍ᐕ㪋᦬䈮ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䉥䊷䊒䊮䉮䊷䉴䉡䉢䉝䋨㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮䋩䈱㪮㪼㪹䉰䉟䊃䉕౏㐿䈚䉁䈚䈢䇯ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈲䇮㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐䈫䈚䈩䇮䇸⍮䈱ഃㅧ䇹䇮䇸⍮䈱વ㆐䇹෸䈶䇸⍮䈱ᵴ↪䇹䈫䈇䈉ਃ䈧䈱છോ䉕ᨐ䈜䈼䈒䇮䈠䉏䈡䉏䇮䇸਎⇇᳓Ḱ䈱⎇ⓥ䇹䇮䇸⌀䈮ቇ↢䈱䈢䉄䈱ᢎ⢒䇹䈍䉋䈶䇸ᐢ䈒␠ળ䈻䈱⽸₂䇹䈫䈇䈉ⷞὐ䈪␠ળ䈮⊒ା䈚䈩䈇䈒ᔅⷐ䈏䈅䉎䈫⠨䈋䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯㪟㪬㪄㪦㪚㪮䈲䇮ർᶏ㆏ᄢቇ䈱ᵴേ䈱ㅘ᣿ᐲ䉕㜞䉄䇮㜞╬ᢎ⢒䈱⍮⼂䈱᥉෸䈮ነਈ䈚䇮ᢎ⢒䈱⾰䈱ะ਄䉕䉄䈙䈜䈖䈫䉕⋡ᮡ䈮ឝ䈕䈩䈇䉁䈜䇯㧙㧙

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