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H. OkunoH.
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K. Yoneda
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GRAVURES & HIGHLIGHTS OF THE YEAR
K. Morita et al.㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷
Decay properties of 266Bh and 262Db produced in the 248Cm + 23Na
Reaction – Further confirmation of the 278113 decay chain –SLOWRI Collaboration (M. Wada et al. )㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷RF multipole devices play important roles in SLOWRI
experiments: Hyperfine spectroscopy of 7Be+ and new type of ion
crystals in an RF octupole ion trap (PP. 18 and 230)
T. Ohnishi et al.㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶
Discovery 20 new isotopes by in-flight fission of 345 MeV/u

238

i

vii㩷 㩷

viii 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷UT. Nakagaewa et al.㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷ix 㩷

Status of the RIKEN 28GHz Superconducting ECR ion source
S. Ishii, Y. Hayashi, H. Ryuto, N. Fukunishi, and T. Abe 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷xi 㩷 㩷 㩷

A new cultivar "Nishina Zaou" induced by heavy ion beam irradiation
T. Suda et al. 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷xii

Demonstration of electron scattering using the SCRIT prototype
D. Kaji et al.㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷
Production and decay properties of263

xiii 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

Hs

A. Takamine et al.㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷Precision optical transition measurements for

7,9,10,11

xiv 㩷 㩷 㩷+

Be ions

D. Kameda et al.㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷Observation of new neutron-rich short-lived isomers among fission
products of 345 MeV/nucleon 238U
Y. Funaki, T. Yamada, H. Horiuchi, G. Röpke, P. Schuck and A. Tohsaki 䊶䊶䊶㩷
Į-Particle Condensation in 16O Studied with a Full Four-Body
Orthogonality Condition Model Calculation
K. Hashimoto, T. Sakai, and S. Sugimoto 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷
Holographic Baryons : Static Properties and Form Factors from
Gauge/String Duality
R. Koyama et al.㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷
Nondestructive monitoring system of RF fields andbeam-phase/intensity for stable operation of RIBF
C. Torii et al. 㩷 䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶䊶㩷A series of asexual mutants and partial deletion of the
Y-chromosome by heavy ion beam in Silene latifoliaxv 㩷 㩷xvi 㩷 㩷 㩷

xvii

㩷㩷

xviii 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷xx 㩷‫ޝ‬Selection process of gravures and highlights‫ޞ‬
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(thereby

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Decay properties of 266 Bh and 262 Db produced in the 248 Cm + 23 Nareaction – Further confirmation of the 278 113 decay chain –K. Morita, K. Morimoto, D. Kaji, H. Haba, K. Ozeki, Y. Kudou, N. Sato,∗1,∗2 T. Sumita,∗3 A. Yoneda, T.
Ichikawa,∗4 Y. Fujimori,∗5 S. Goto,∗6 E. Ideguchi, Y. Kasamatsu,∗7,∗8 K. Katori, Y. Komori,∗9 H. Koura,∗7 H.
Kudo,∗10 K. Ooe,∗9 A. Ozawa,∗11 F. Tokanai,∗5 K. Tsukada,∗7 T. Yamaguchi,∗12 and A. Yoshida 266
Bh, 262 Db, α-decay, spontaneous fission, gas-filled recoil ion separator, position-sensitive
focal plane detector
A nuclide, 266 Bh, is the great-granddaughter of
113 that is produced in the 209 Bi + 70 Zn reaction1,2) . Thus far, only five atoms have been assigned
to 266 Bh by direct production3,4) partly because of thesmall production cross section and of the difficulty infinding proper target/beam combinations. Most of theheaviest odd-odd nuclei exhibit rather complicated decay properties. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain aclear assignment of heavy odd-odd nuclides such as
266
Bh. In the present work, we performed an experiment with the aim of obtaining an unambiguous assignment of 266 Bh by a genetic link. The main purposeof this work is to provide further confirmation of the
production and identification of the isotope 278 113. For
this purpose, we used a gas-filled recoil ion separator(GARIS) coupled to a position-sensitive focal plane detector (PSD). 266 Bh was produced for the first time in
the 248 Cm + 23 Na reaction.
The experiment was performed at the RIKEN Linear
Accelerator (RILAC) Facility. A schematic view of theexperimental setup is shown in Fig. 1. A photo pictureof GARIS is shown in Fig. 2
A 248 Cm2 O3 target having a thickness of 350µg/cm2 was prepared by electrodeposition onto a titanium backing foil (0.91 mg/cm2 ). Six pieces of thetarget were mounted on a rotating wheel having a diameter of 10 cm. During irradiation, the wheel was
rotated at 1000 rpm.
A 23 Na beam was extracted from RILAC. Beam energies of 126, 130 and 132 MeV were used. The corresponding beam energies at the middle of the target
were 121, 124 and 126 MeV respectively. The 23 Na
beam had a pulsed structure. All the measurements

were performed only in the beam OFF period. The
typical beam intensity was 1 particle-µA on average,
and it was 4.4 particle-µA in the beam ON period.
GARIS was used to collect evaporation residues(ERs) and separate them from the beam particles andother unwanted charged particles. GARIS was filledwith helium gas at a pressure of 33 Pa. The Bρ ofGARIS was set at 2.07 Tm for beam energies of 132
and 130 MeV to maximize the yield of 266 Bh. At beamenergies of 126 MeV and a part of 132 MeV, Bρ was
set at 2.19 Tm to reduce the counting rate of the focal
plane detector to one half.
ERs were transported to the focal plane of GARIS
where the PSD was set. The arrangement of the focal
plane detector is shown in Fig. 1.
An example of a singles spectrum is shown in Fig. 3.
The spectrum was obtained from one strip in one runwith a beam dose of 3.1 × 1017 . In the energy region
below 8 MeV, α lines from long-lived transfer products
are observed, while in the region from 8 to 12 MeV,
only one event that was assigned to an α decay of 266 Bh
was detected.
The reduction in the number of transfer products
and target recoils at the focal plane, that is achievedby using the physical pre-separator, GARIS and thehigh spatial resolving power of the PSD, enables a low
background α-SF correlation measurements. The α-SF
correlation measurement would be difficult to performusing only the gas-jet technique.
Other experimental details are described in the original paper. We performed offline analyses to search
for mother-daughter correlations, i.e. α-α and α-SF
events, based on the position in PSD, energy, and timedifference.
We have assigned total of 32 correlations to true
ones. Four of the events are α1 -α2 -α3 correlations, one
is an α1 -α2 -SF, nine are α1 -α2 and eighteen are α1 -SF
correlations. The maximum correlation time was set
to 300 s.
A two-dimensional representation of the time- andposition-correlated events is shown in Fig. 4. The
horizontal and vertical axes represent the mother anddaughter energy, respectively. The lower and upper
panels (Figs. 4-a and 4-b) show the α-α and α-SF
correlations, respectively.
The excitation energies of the compound nucleus,

278†

Condensed from the article in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78, 064201(2009)∗1 Department of Physics, Tohoku University∗2 Present address: Japan Atomic Energy Agency∗3 Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science∗4 Present address: Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics,
Kyoto University∗5 Department of Physics, Yamagata University∗6 Center for Instrumental Analysis, Niigata University∗7 Japan Atomic Energy Agency∗8 Present address: RIKEN Nishina Center∗9 Department of Chemistry, Osaka University∗10 Department of Chemistry, Niigata University∗11 University of Tsukuba∗12 Department of Physics, Saitama University-i-1

Bh, at the middle of the target were calculated to
be 44.4, 48.1 and 49.9 MeV for beam energies of 126,
130 and 132 MeV, respectively, by using a theoreticalmass for 271 Bh5) . The energies were selected to maximize the 5n evaporation channel in the 248 Cm + 23 Nareaction. Because the ER cross sections of these asymmetric reactions in the heaviest region exhibit a broad
peaks around the optimum energies that produce themaximum yields, the isotope 267 Bh, which is a productof the 4n evaporation channel of the reaction, could be
produced in considerable amounts, especially at lower
excitation energies. We focused on these two isotopes
in the analyses. The direct productions of 262 Db and263
Db were not considered because of the reaction in
the sub-barrier energy region.
271

α-α correlations
In the correlations shown in Fig. 4-a, eight points
are plotted in Group C. The mother energies of these
events range from 8.40 to 8.74 MeV, and those of thecorresponding daughters range from 8.57 to 8.80 MeV.
We assigned these events to the 262 Db → 258 Lr → decay. The obtained T1/2 in this work agrees very wellwith the adopted value6) . It should be noted that the αenergies obtained in this work are approximately 40–60
keV higher than the adopted energies6) . This is mostprobably attributable to the summing of α-energy anda conversion electron or γ-ray energy, which is emitted
simultaneously with the α-decay in the cases of odd
and odd-odd nuclei7) .
Because of a shift in energy and the limited energy
resolution caused by the summing effect, one event inGroup C could be assigned to the decay of 263 Db →259
Lr → as well as that of 262 Db → 258 Lr →, referring
the reported half-life and α-decay energy of 263 Db8)
and those of 259 Lr9) , respectively.
Three of the eight correlations in Group C are thesecond part (α2 -α3 ) of the triple correlations (α1 -α2 α3 ). All the preceding correlations (α1 -α2 ) are inGroup A, as shown in Fig. 4-a, along with four additional α1 -α2 correlations. Because of the genetic correlation to the 262 Db → 258 Lr → decay, these three triple
correlation events in Group A are conclusively identified as the correlations of 266 Bh → 262 Db → 258 Lr →decays. The other four correlations are identified as
those of the 266 Bh → 262 Db → decay or the 266 Bh→ (262 Db → missing) 258 Lr → decay partly because
the daughter energies agree well with the adopted decay energies of 262 Db and 258 Lr considering the above
mentioned summing effect. The mean time differences
between the α1 and α2 decays of the seven correlationsin this group are calculated to be 34 +20−10 s. The corresponding T1/2 is 24 +14
s.
This
value
is attributable−7
to a mixture of the 266 Bh → 262 Db → and 266 Bh →(262 Db →) 258 Lr → decays. Including this mixture effect, the value agrees well with the adopted half-lives

2- ii -

of 262 Db and 258 Lr. The observed α-decay energies of266
Bh range from 9.05 to 9.23 MeV. The correlations
observed and assigned here agree well with those reported by Wilk et al.3) and Qin et al.4) .
One α1 -α2 correlation of the triple α correlation exists in Group B, as shown in Fig. 4-a. The corresponding α2 -α3 correlation exists in Group C, suggestingthat the correlations in Group B also correspond to
the decay 266 Bh → 262 Db → 258 Lr →. The energiesof α2 and α3 agree well with the reported values for262
Db and 258 Lr mentioned above. The observed α energy of 266 Bh assigned here is 8.83 MeV. Although thevalue just coincides with the decay energy of 267 Bh reported by Wilk et al.3) , because of the observed decay
characteristics, we assigned the correlated event to the
decay of 266 Bh → 262 Db → 258 Lr →.
One additional correlation exists in Group B, as
shown in Fig. 4-a. This could be also assigned to the
decay of 266 Bh → 262 Db → 258 Lr → because of thesimilarity with the energies and decay times of the correlation assigned above. However, based on the α1 -α2correlation analysis, assignment to the decay of 267 Bh→ (263 Db →) 259 Lr → is also possible if the summing
effect is considered. Therefore, this correlation could
not be assigned conclusively.
α1 -α2 of one α1 -α2 -SF triple correlation is classified
in a circle marked by D in Fig. 4-a. Here, the motherand daughter energies and the time difference between
these decays, along with the followed SF decay, arefully consistent with the decay of 267 Bh → 263 Db →259
Lr (SF)3,9) . We then assign this correlation to the
decay originating from 267 Bh.
α-SF correlations
The three correlated events in Group E in Fig. 4-bcorrespond to the α1 energies of Group A (9.05–9.23
MeV). The corresponding half-life T1/2 deduced fromthe three events agrees well with that of 262 Db. Therefore, we assign these correlated events to SF decays of262
Db fed by 9.05–9.23 MeV α-decays of 266 Bh.
Eight correlations are observed in Group F in Fig. 4b. No α-decays are observed in the α1 -α2 correlationsin this energy range, as shown in Fig. 4-a. The observed T1/2 is slightly longer than the reported T1/2
values of both 262 Db and 263 Db. Two α-decay events
having an energy of around 8.96 MeV were reported
by Qin et al.4) , and these are assigned to the decayof 266 Bh → 262 Db →. However, their experimental
setup was not sensitive to the α-SF correlations. The
α-decays having an energy of around 8.96 MeV observed in the present work fed a state in the daughterthat decays mainly by SF with T1/2 of 59 +32−15 s. Thisα-decay could be tentatively assigned to the 266 Bh →262
Db (SF) decay. However, the possibility of assignment to the 267 Bh → 263 Db (SF) decay could not be
excluded. It should be noted that half the correlations
were observed at the lowest incident energy.

One correlation exists in Group G, as shown in
Fig. 4-b, along with the α1 (-α2 )-SF correlation that
was assigned to the decay of 267 Bh → 263 Db → 259 Lr→ in the present study. The α1 energy and the SF
decay time agree well with those of the correlation.
Then, it is natural to assign this correlation to the decay of 267 Bh → 263 Db (SF) or 267 Bh → 263 Db → 259 Lr(SF). However, we have assigned one correlation having almost the same α1 energy to the decay of 266 Bh(Group B in Fig. 4-a), suggesting that the correlation
might still be assigned to the decay of 266 Bh.
Three correlations exist in Group H in Fig. 4-b. The
deduced T1/2 of the SF decay is 44 +55−15 s. One decay
chain having a decay energy of 8.73 MeV was assigned
to the decay of 267 Bh by Wilk et al.3) . These correlations can possibly be assigned to the decay of 267 Bh→ 263 Db (SF) or 267 Bh → (263 Db →) 259 Lr (SF).
Two correlations exist in Group I in Fig. 4-b. The
α-decay energy of the mother is approximately 8.43
MeV. One of these correlations is the α2 -SF part of
the triple α1 -α2 -SF correlation. We have assigned thiscorrelation to the decay of 267 Bh → 263 Db → 259 Lr(SF). The other correlation could also be the decay of263
Db → 259 Lr (SF). We could tentatively assign these
correlations to the decay mentioned above although
the deduced SF half-life of 259 Lr is slightly longer than
the adopted value.
Two correlations exist in Group J in Fig. 4-b. We
could not assign these correlations.

This research was partly supported by a Grant-inAid for Specially Promoted Research, 19002005, from
the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Scienceand Technology, Japan.
References
1) K. Morita et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 73 2593 (2004).
2) K. Morita et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76 045001 (2007).
3) P. A. Wilk et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 2697 (2000).
4) Z. Qin et al.: Nuclear Physics Review 23 400 (2006),(Chinese journal in English).
5) P. Möller et al.: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables
59 185 (1995).
6) R. Dressler et al.: Phys. Rev. C 59 3433 (1999).
7) M. Asai et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 102502 (2005).
8) J. V. Kratz et al.: Phys. Rev. C 45 1064 (1992).
9) K. E. Gregorich et al.: Phys. Rev. C 45 1058 (1992).

9.05–9.23 MeV α decay of 266 Bh
An isotope of the 107th element, 266 Bh, which decays by α-emission with an energy ranging from 9.05
to 9.23 MeV, was conclusively identified by the present
study. A state in the daughter nuclei 262 Db, fed by
the α-decay, decays by α-emission and SF. In the observed decay chains of the isotope of the 113th element, 278 113, studied by the RIKEN group1,2) , one of
the great-granddaughters decayed by α-emission witha decay energy of 9.08 MeV and decay time of 2.47 s,
followed by SF. The assignment was based on an experimental result of the work done by Wilk et al.3) thatreported one atom of 266 Bh assigned by the sequential
α decays 262 Db → 258 Lr →. The present work provided further confirmation of the assignment of 266 Bhobserved in a decay chain originating from 278 113 bydemonstrating the observation of the same decay energy, as well as the observation of SF decays following
the relevant α-decay of 266 Bh. A decay chain, which
is attributed to be the one originating from the isotope 266 Bh obtained in the present work is shown in
Fig. 5, together with the one from the isotope 278 113
produced in the 209 Bi + 70 Zn reaction.
Although a decay time analysis was performed in themacro beam OFF period, because of the small counting
statistics, we could only state that the half-life is longer
than 1 s.

- iii -

3

Fig. 1. Schematic
Fig.
view
1. Schematicof the experimental
view of the
setup.
experimental setup.

Fig. 1. Schematic view of the experimental setup.

44Fig. 2. Photo picture
Fig.of2.GARIS.
Photo picture of GARIS.

4- iv -

Fig. 3. Example ofFig.a 3.
singles
Examplespectrum.
of a singles
The 7thspectrum.
strip
The 7th strip
among 16 (0-15) inamong
the PSD
16 (0-15)
was used.
in theThe
PSD
measurewas used. The measurement time was 16.4
ment
h fortimea beamwas 16.4
dose hoffor3.1a ×beam
1017 .dose of 3.1 × 1017 .

6
6
Fig. 2. Photo picture of GARIS.

Fig. 4.Fig.
Two-dimensional
4. Two-dimensional
representation
representationof timeof andtime- and
position-correlated
position-correlated
events. events.
The lower
Thepanellower(a)
panel
shows
(a) showsthe α-αthecorrelations.
α-α correlations.
The upper
The panel
upper(b)
panel
shows
(b) theshows theα-SF correlations.
α-SF correlations.
The timeThe
windowtime window
was setwas
to 300set s.
to 300 s.

-v-

5Fig. 5. A decay
Fig.chain,
5. A which
decay chain,is attributed
which isto attributed
be the oneto be the one
266
obtainedBhin theobtained in theoriginating fromoriginating
the isotope
from 266
theBhisotope
present
work
present
isshown,
work
togetherisshown,
withtogether
the
one
from
with
the
one from theFig. 3. Example of a singles spectrum. The 7th strip
278
278
209
70
209
70
113
produced113
inthe
produced
Bi
+
in
the
Zn
reaction.
Bi+
Znreaction.
isotopeisotopeamong 16 (0-15) in the PSD was used. The measure17
ment time was 16.4 h for a beam dose of 3.1 × 10 .

6

8

8

- vi -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

RF multipole devices play important roles in SLOWRI experiments:
Hyperfine spectroscopy of 7Be+ and new type of ion crystals in an RF octupole
ion trap (PP. 18 and 230)
SLOWRI Collaboration
Developments of a universal slow RI-beam facility(SLOWRI) are in progress. At the prototype SLOWRI,
radioactive Beryllium ions provided from the projectile
fragment separator RIPS at !1 GeV were decelerated byan energy degrader and RF ion guide gas cell andtrapped in a linear RF quadrupole ion trap. They were
further cooled by laser radiation down to 1 µeV. Thislarge kinetic energy reduction, a factor of 10-15, allowed
for precision hyperfine structure spectroscopy (Fig. 1).
In this experiment, one of the key devices is an RF
octupole ion beam guide made of carbon fiber reinforced
plastic (Carbon-OPIG) (Fig. 2). This device transports
slow ions extracted from an RF-carpet towards an ion
trap through five differential pumping sections, from 1
mbar to 10-9 mbar.

Fig. 2. Carbon-OPIG. Transverse DC electricfield due to resistive rods transports ions even in 1
mbar pressure region.

Fig. 3. Linear RF octupole ion trap. High ordermultipole field produces large quasi-field free
region in the middle of the trap.

Fig. 1. Laser cooling spectrum (a) andmicrowave resonance spectrum (b) of 7Be+.
Fig. 4. Observed ion crystal images in the trap.
Different type of crystals were formed
depending on the trap conditions. A small
potential hill at the center of the trap due tofield penetration from the axial trapping
potential produced large concentric shellstructures.

A linear RF octupole ion trap (Fig. 3) was also tested
off-line with Ca+ ions at Sophia university. Due to theunique pseudo potential form in the octupole trap, ion
Coulomb crystals with large concentric shells containing
large number of ions were observed for the first time.

- vii -㪅㩷

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Discovery of 20 new isotopes by in-flight fission of 345MeV/u 238U
T. Ohnishi, N. Inabe, T. Kubo, K. Kusaka, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida, M. Ohtake, N. Fukuda, H. Takeda, D. Kameda, K. Tanaka,
Y. Yanagisawa, H. Watanabe, H. Otsu, Y. Kondo, Y. Gono, H. Sakurai, T. Motobayashi, H. Baba, T. Ichihara, Y. Yamaguchi,
M.Takechi, S. Nishimura, H. Ueno, A. Yoshimi, T. Nakao,*1 M. Matsushita,*2 K. Ieki,*2 N. Kobayashi,*3 K. Tanaka,*3 Y.
Kawada,*3 N. Tanaka,*3 S. Deguchi,*3 Y. Sato,*3 T. Nakamura,*3 K. Yoshinaga,*4 C. Ishii,*4 H. Yoshii,*4 N. Uematsu,*4 Y.
Shiraki,*4 T. Sumikama,*4 J. Chiba,*4 E. Ideguchi,*5 T. Yamaguchi,*6 I. Hachimura,*6 T. Suzuki,*6 T. Moriguchi,*7 A. Ozawa,*7
T. Ohtsubo,*8 M. Famiano,*9 A. S. Nettleton,*10 B. M. Sherrill,*10 S. Manikonda,*11 and J. A. Nolen*11
A new-isotope-search experiment has been performed byusing the reaction of 238U (345MeV/u) +Be and Pb.
Almost 20 isotopes were newly identified owing tosignificant improvement in the intensity and stability of the
primary 238U beam after the last new-isotope-search in2007.1)The 238U beam accelerated up to 345 MeV/u by using
RILAC-RRC-fRC-IRC-SRC was irradiated onto production
targets and produced isotopes were collected and selected at
the first stage of the BigRIPS. New isotopes with a wide
range of A and Z were covered by three measurements with
the BigRIPS settings optimized for isotopes with Z=20~36(G1), Z=37~46(G2) and Z=47~54(G3). For each group, thetarget and BU were determined by Monte-Carlo simulationof LISE++.2) The determined targets were Be 5.1 mm for
G1, Be 3.0 mm for G2 and Pb 0.95 mm for G3. For G3 a
0.3 mm Al stripper was also located after the target toincrease fully stripped isotopes. The BU values are 7.902
Tm for G1, 7.931 Tm for G2, and 7.706 Tm for G3. Al
degraders (1.29 mm for G1, 2.18 mm for G2, 2.56 mm forG3) were located at F1 to eliminate unwanted isotopes andreduce the total trigger rate.
Particle identification (PID) was performed at the second
stage of the BigRIPS using PPACs at F3, F5 and F7, plastic
scintillators at F3 and F7 and an ion chamber at F7. To
confirm PID we also measured J-rays from known isomers(95Kr for G1 and G2 and 136Sb for G3) using Ge detectors
located at F11 in the ZeroDegree spectrometer. For G3
only an Al degrader was inserted at F5 to cut hydrogen-likeions produced in the degrader at the first stage.
Figure 1a~c shows preliminary result of A/Q vs. Z plots
for G1, G2 and G3. Three isotopes in G1(81Cu, 84Zn,
87Ga), 14 isotopes in G2(103Rb, 106Sr, 111Zr, 114Nb, 116,117Mo,
119
Tc, 121,122Ru, 123,124,125Rh, 127,128Pd) and 3 isotopes in G3
138( Sn, 140Sb, 145I) can be clearly seen. Detailed analysis isin progress.

  

䋪1

Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
䋪3
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
䋪4
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science䋪5Center for Nuclear study, The University of Tokyo䋪6
Department of Physics, Saitama University
䋪7
Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba
䋪8Department of Physics, Niigata University
䋪9
Physics Department, Western Michigan University
䋪10
Michigan State University (MSU)
䋪11
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)䋪2

Figure1. A/Q vs Z polts. a) for G1, b) for G2 and c) for G3
References
1) T. Ohnishi et al.: Jpn. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 083201 (2008).
2)O. B. Tarasov and D. Bazin: a manual of the code LISE++

available at http://www.nscl.msu.edu/lise/.

- viii -㩷㩷

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

㪅Status of the RIKEN 28GHz Superconducting ECR ion source㩷

T. Nakagawa, Y. Higurashi, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, K. Kusaka, M. Kidera, E. Ikezawa, M. Fujimaki, Y. Sato, Y. Watanabe,
M. Komiyama, M. Kase, A. Goto, O. Kamigaito, and Y. Yanoa)

Since the middle of the 1990s, RIKEN has been
constructing a new accelerator facility called the Radio
Isotope Beam Factory (RIBF)1) and a 345MeV/u U beam
was successfully produced in 2007. However, to meetthe requirements of the RIBF project (primary beam
intensity of 1 pPA on target), we still need to increase thebeam intensity of heavy ions. For this reason, we began
construction of a new superconducting ECR ion source(SC-ECRIS) with an operational frequency of 28 GHz in2007.
Before designing the ECRIS, we intensively studied
effects of the key components of ECRIS (magnetic field,
RF power, etc,) on plasma conditions and beam intensity.
In the 1990s, it was found that a high mirror ratio of
magnetic field gives the increase of beam intensity forhigher charge states of heavy ion (High B mode
operation).2) This is mainly due to a strong confinementof plasma. Since we observed in 2001 that the minimum
strength of mirror magnetic field (Bmin) strongly affects thebeam intensity,3) we have systematically studied this effect.
In this study, we observed that an optimum Bmin ((Bmin)opt)
exists for maximizing the beam intensity and it is almost
constant (0.7~0.9Becr).4)  To investigate the mechanism,
we used the laser ablation technique to obtain important
plasma parameters (electron density, electron temperatureand ion confinement time)5) and observed that Bminstrongly affects microwave absorption in the resonancezone.6) In order to investigate the plasma chamber size
effect on the beam intensity of highly charged heavy ions,
we compared the beam intensity produced from several
high performance ECRISs which have different chambersize. In this comparison, we recognized that the chamber
diameter should be larger than 10 cm to produce anintense beam of highly charged U ions.6)
Based on these considerations, we designed the new
SC-ECRIS for the RIKEN RI beam factory project. To
produce intense beam of U35+ ions, we will need to satisfy
the following conditions
1)

2)
3)
4)

b)

Fig. 1a) Arrangement of the superconducting coilassembly. b)Axial (Bz) and radial (By) magnetic fieldstrength

Figure 1a) shows the arrangement of the superconducting
coil assembly. The coils are composed of six solenoid coils(SL1 ~ SL6) and one hexapole coil (HX). Figure 1b) shows
the axial and radial magnetic field. Magnetic field strength
was calculated by using the 3d-code “TOSCA”. The peakfields on the RF injection side and beam extraction side are
3.8 T and 2 T, respectively. The minimum magnetic field
can be changed from 0 T to 1 T. Four solenoid coils (SL2~SL5) work to produce a flat magnetic field in the central
region for increasing the size of the ECR surface. The
detailed structure and excitation test are described in Ref. 7.
Figure 2 shows the ECR zone size vs. Bmin. Using thisarrangement, we can produce large surface of ECR zone
and change the surface size of the ECR zone withoutchanging the field gradient.
Figure 3 shows a schematic drawing of the SC-ECR ion
source. The inner diameter and length of the plasmachamber are 15 and 50 cm, respectively. The plasmachamber wall is made of Al to donate cold electrons to theMagnetic field configuration: Maximum mirror magnetic
filed strength on RF injection side (Binj )>3.5 T, maximum
radial magnetic field strength (Br)> 2 T, maximum magnetic
field strength at beam extraction side(Bext)> 2 T, Bmin~0~1 T.
Plasma chamber size: Diameter > 10 cm,
Microwave : Frequency, 28 GHz, power >10 kW (1 kW/L)
Size of resonance zone: There is no clear evidence of an ECRzone size effect on the beam intensity. If the size affects thebeam intensity, we can increase the beam intensity byincreasing size of the ECR zone. To clarify this effect, we
adopted a special coil arrangement.

- ix -

plasma and decrease plasma potential. It should be notedthat Al is very resistant to plasma etching. A biased
electrode is installed to obtain the same effect as that of the
Al chamber wall. All the surfaces in contact with theplasma are water-cooled to minimizes the temperatureeffects caused by plasma and microwave heating at highmicrowave power.

Fig. 2source will be equipped with a movable accel-decel
extraction system not only to improve extraction conditions,but also to compensate for the space charge effect. After
extraction at the maximum voltage of 40 kV, the solenoid
coils are used to focus the beam. Design of the 90-degree
analyzing magnet is based on the LBL magnet8). The
vertical gap is 150 mm and bending radius is 510 mm.
These devices are installed on the high voltage terminal(maximum terminal voltage; 100 kV). The U35+ beam(~130q keV) will be transported to the first acceleration
tank of Riken heavy ion linac through new beam line9).
By end of March, 2009, we will finish installing all devices(SC-ECRIS, analyzing magnet etc,) on the high voltage
terminal and try to produce the first plasma with 18 GHz
microwaves.

ECR zone size vs. Bmin

The expected total current from the ion source for
production of 15 pPA of U35+ ion beam is higher than 10mA.
Under this condition, we have to supply a very highextraction voltage (higher than 30 kV) to acheave goodemittance (unnormarized emittance of ~150Smm࡮mrad )for matching the acceptance of the RFQ linac. The ion

References
㧔1㧕Y. Yano: Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 2007 in press.
㧔2㧕T. Antaya et al, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 65, 1723(1994).
㧔3㧕H. Arai et al, Nucl. Instrum. Method. A491, 9(2002).
㧔5㧕M. Imanaka et al, Nucl. Instrum. Method.
B237, 647(2005).
㧔6㧕T. Nakagawa et al, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 67, 02A327(1996).
㧔7㧕J. Ohnishi et al, : in this report.
㧔8㧕D. Leitner et al, : 18th Int. Conf. Cyclotron and their
Applications, Giardini Naxos, Sept. 2007, p265.
㧔9㧕Y. Watanabe et al,: in this report.

Fig.3. Schematic drawing of the RIKEN Sc-ECRIS-x-

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

A new cultivar “Nishina Zaou” induced by heavy ion beam irradiation
S. Ishii1, Y. Hayashi, H. Ryuto2, N. Fukunishi, and T. Abe

Prunus lannesiana ‘Gioiko’ is the only Japaneseornamental cherry variety that has a double flower
with 10 to 12 petals. The color of flower changes frompale green to light purple during blooming time.
Recently, heavy ion beams are recognized as aneffective mutagen for plant breeding. A broad
spectrum and a high frequency of mutation induction
by heavy ion beam have proved in the case of rose1).
Some new cultivars of ornamental flowers induced byheavy ion treatment have been successfully developed
and released to the market. In this report we describe
the induction of a new cultivar of Japanese ornamental
cherry using heavy ion beam irradiation.
The scions (approximately 150mm in length) of
Gioiko were used for irradiation treatment. The dosesof carbon beam irradiation (12C6+, 135MeV/u, LET
22.6keV/m) were 10, 15 and 20Gy. The irradiatedscions were grafted on the rootstock (Prunus
lannesiana ‘Viridis’). Survival rate, a period fromrafting scions on the rootstock to the first bloom
flower phenotypes (petal color, petal number and sizeof flower) were observed.
The survival rate decreased according as the increaseof doses (Fig.1). At 20Gy irradiation, no plantsurvived. A flower colour mutant was isolated at 10Gy
irradiation (Fig.2). The colour of mutant flower was
pale yellow at the beginning of blooming time andthen changed to yellowish pink. The color of the rimsof petals was whitish green. The flower diameter was
40-50mm, which was 1.5 times larger than that of theoriginal variety. The petal number was 7-8. The period
from grafting to the first bloom of mutant line was one
year but 3years in original variety (Fig.3). Reductionof the period from grafting to the first bloom is usefulcharacter for both breeding and commercialization of
the new cultivar. These characters of this mutant linea.

were confirmed to be stable in the following season.
This new cultivar was named “Nishina Zaou” by Dr.
Noyori; the president of RIKEN in 2007. Nishina
Zaou was released to the market in Nov. 2008.

Fig. 1 Effect of C-ion irradiation on survival rate

Nishina Zaou
GioikoFig. 3 Effect of C-ion irradiation on the period fromgrafting to the first bloom
Reference
1) Y. Hara et al.:RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 135 (2003).

c.
b.

b.
a.

Fig. 2 Flower colour mutant.
a: Original flower (Gyoiko). b: Mutated flower.
c: Nishina Zaou planted in RIKEN (Wako). The scion wasgrafted in 2007, and the flower bloomed in April 2008.
*1 JFC Ishii Garden*2 Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center,
Kyoto University- xi -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Demonstration of electron scattering using the SCRIT prototype
T. Suda, T. Emoto, K. Ishii1 , K. Kurita1 , A. Kuwajima2 , T. Tamae2 , M. Wakasugi, and S. Wang[SCRIT, elastic electron scattering, angular distribution]
We have continued SCRIT R&D studies at KSR thisyear. We have newly installed a large plastic scintillator for cosmic-ray rejection and an online luminosity
monitoring system1) . In this report, some progress wemade this year are brieﬂy presented.
Figure 1 shows electron energy spectra for the scattering angle of 40◦ . Figure 1a) and b) show those obtained the last year2) and this year, respectively. The
solid (dotted) line denotes the spectrum with (without)
the Cs ion injection. Clear diﬀerence between thosewith and without Cs ions 80 ≤ Ee ≤ 120 MeV are
due to the elastic scattering events from the trapped
Cs ions. The events above Ee ≥ 120 MeV have been
attributed to those due to cosmic rays. It is seen thatthe cosmic ray events are well suppressed in Fig.1b),which enables us to identify elastic events reliably.
Figure 2 shows the change of event rate of elastic
scattering in the 60-ms trapping time, equivalently thetime dependence of the luminosity. Since the electron
beam current, ∼ 80 mA, and its cross section are bothalmost constant, this ﬁgure shows the time dependenceof the number of the trapped Cs ions on the electron
beam. The line in the ﬁgure is a guide for the eye. One
can conclude that the number of the trapped Cs ionsdecreases about 30 % during the trapping cycle.
Figure 3 denotes the angular distributions of themeasured elastic scattering events already presented
in Ref.2) . The solid line in the ﬁgure represents a dis-Fig. 2. Distribution of the elastic events as a function of
the trapping time. The line is a guide for the eye.

Fig. 3. The angular distribution of the elastic events. See
the text for the lines.

torted wave calculation for elastic scattering oﬀ 133 Cs.
The dashed (dotted, dot-dashed) line represents theangular distribution of the elastic scattering for proton (carbon and oxygen), which are normalized to thedata at a scattering angle of 25◦ . They are considered
to be the main components of the residula gases in thering to focus on the diﬀerence in angular dependence
such as H2 and CO. The angular dependence clearlyshows that the measured events are those of elasticallyscattered electrons from the trapped 133 Cs3) .
Fig. 1. The energy spectra for scattered electrons at θ=40◦
measured in the previous measurement2) , a), and forthis year, b). The solid (dashed) line shows the spectrum with (without) the Cs ion.
∗1
∗2

References
1) S. Wang et al. : RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2008).
2) SCRIT collaboration : T. Emoto et al. : RIKEN Accel.
Prog. Rep. 41 (2007).
3) T. Suda et al. : submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett..

Rikkyo University
Tohoku University- xii -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Production and decay properties of 263 Hs†
D. Kaji, K. Morimoto, N. Sato,∗1 H. Haba, T. Ichikawa, E. Ideguchi,∗2 H. Koura,∗3 Y. Kudou,
A. Ozawa,∗4 K. Ozeki, T. Sumita,∗5 T. Yamaguchi,∗6 A. Yoneda, A. Yoshida, and K. Morita263
Hs, new isotope, hassium, GARIS

A new neutron deficient hassium (Z=108) isotopeof 263 Hs was identified via two different reactions of206
Pb(58 Fe,n) and 208 Pb(56 Fe,n) by using the gas-filled
recoil separator GARIS.
Projectiles of 58 Fe and 56 Fe with the charge state+
13 were extracted from the 18-GHz ECR ion source
and accelerated by RILAC (RIKEN Linear Accelerator). Beams of 58 Fe with 287.7 MeV and 56 Fewith 280.4 MeV were extracted from RILAC. Absolute accuracy of beam energy measurement was ±0.3 MeV. The typical beam intensities on the target
were 4.5×1012 s−1 for 58 Fe and 2.3×1012 s−1 for 56 Fe.
The target was prepared by the vacuum evaporationof metallic 206 Pb and 208 Pb on a 30 µg/cm2 carbon
backing foil. The target thicknesses were 400 µg/cm2
for 206 Pb (enrichment of 99.3%) and 440 µg/cm2 for
208
Pb (enrichment of 98.4%). A thin carbon protection layer of approximately 10 µg/cm2 covered the target surface on the downstream side. Sixteen targets
were mounted on a φ30 cm wheel, which rotated at
3000 rpm, to withstand the irradiation of high intensity beams. The reaction products were separated inflight from the beams by GARIS, and were guided into
a detector box installed at the focal plane of GARIS.
The separator was filled with helium gas at a pressure of 86 Pa. The magnetic rigidity Bρ was set to2.05 Tm for 263 Hs measurement, which was estimatedusing empirical data.1) The evaporation residue (ER)and its successive radioactive decays were measured bya system of time-of-flight (TOF) detectors and a silicon position-sensitive detector (PSD) array2) installedat the focal plane of GARIS. Identification of the products was based on the genetic correlations of motherand daughter nuclei. The singles counting rate of the
PSD at the typical beam intensity was approximately
5 cps. The main components of the signals were due totarget recoils and scattered beam particles. The counting rate of the decay signals (anti-coincidence with timing counters) was approximately 0.3 cps.
During 25-h irradiation of 206 Pb with the 58 Fe beamand 46-h irradiation of 208 Pb with the 56 Fe beam, 8
†
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

Condensed from the article in J. Phys. Soc. Jap. 78, 035003(2009)
Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy
AgencyUniversity of Tsukuba
Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
Department of Physics, Saitama University

decay chains and 1 decay chain, respectively, were observed. No spontaneous fission was detected in themeasurements followed directly after the ER implantation in the PSD. The properties of decay events obtained by irradiation of 58 Fe on 206 Pb match well withthose by irradiation of 56 Fe on 208 Pb. All decay chainswere assigned to subsequent decays from 263 Hs. The
decay data obtained in this work is summarized in Fig.
1. Three groups of α-decay energies for 263 Hs are identified. The mean α-decay energies for the 3 groups are
10.82, 10.55, and 10.37 MeV, respectively. The half-lifeof 263 Hs is determined to be 0.60+0.30−0.15 ms. In this experiment, the total beam doses for 58 Fe and 56 Fe were
4.1×1017 ions and 6.2×1017 ions, respectively. The
production cross sections corresponding to the 8 decay chains and 1 decay chain have been deduced to be
+3.7
21+10
−8 pb and 1.6−1.3 pb by assuming the transmissionof the system to be 80%.
The details of this experiment have described elsewhere.3,4)References
1) D. Kaji, Dr. Thesis, Graduate School of Science andTechnology, Niigata University, Niigata (2003).
2) K. Morita, K. Morimoto, D. Kaji et al.: Eur. Phys. J.
A 21, 257 (2004) .
3) D. Kaji, K. Morimoto, N. Sato et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jap.
78, 035003 (2009).
4) N. Sato, Dr. Thesis, Graduate School of Science andFaculty of Science, Tohoku University (2009).

Fig. 1. Summary of decay chains observed in irradiation of206
Pb and 208 Pb targets with 58 Fe and 56 Fe projectiles.
Measured energies, decay times, and branching ratio
are indicated in the figure.

- xiii -1

RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42
RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)2009)

Precision optical transition measurements for 7,9,10,11 Be+ ions
A. Takamine, M. Wada, T. Sonoda, T. Nakamura, K. Okada∗1 , P. Schury, H. Iimura∗2 , Y. Yamazaki, Y. Kanai,
T. M. Kojima, A. Yoshida, T. Kubo, S. Ohtani∗3 , I. Katayama∗4 , H. Wollnik∗5 , and H. A. Schuessler∗6[neutron halo, charge radius, laser spectroscopy]

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

Department of Physics, Sophia University
Japan Atomic Energy Research Association
ILS, University of Electro-Communications
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
II. Physikalisches Institute, Justus-Liebig-Universitaet
Department of Physics, Texas A&M University

onance frequencies. Using the results compensatedfrom the hyperﬁne splittings constant and the Zeeman
splittings, the absolute transition frequencies in the
2 2S1/2 → 2 2P3/2 transition of 7,9,11 Be+ were obtained
to be 957 347 372.2(1.6) MHz, 957 396 620.6(2.7) MHz
and 957 428 168.9(2.5) MHz respectively. Although
the same method is not applicable for the even-evennucleus 10 Be, we carefully measured the cooling transition at zero magnetic ﬁeld and obtained a sharp symmetric spectrum (Fig. 1). From this spectrum, we determined the S1/2 → P3/2 transition energy of 10 Be+
as 957 413 949.8(0.5) MHz. The uncertainties of thesevalues are mainly due to poor statistics.
LIF signal counts /bin

8
7

12

12

10

10

8

8

6

6

4

4

2

2

7
6

6
5

5
4

4
3

3
2

2
1
0
300

400

500

0
600 700

frequency [MHz]- 957 346 000 MHz

800

900

1000

0

frequency [MHz]- 957 395 000 MHz

1
0

100

200

0
300 900

940

980

1020

frequency [MHz]frequency [MHz]- 957 426 000 MHz -957 413 000 MHz

Fig. 1. OODR spectra of 22 S1/2 → 22 P3/2 transition for
7,9,11
Be+ and laser cooling spectrum for 10 Be+ .

The experiment is still in progress to achieve moreaccurate and reliable data. However, we preliminary
evaluate the charge radii of Be isotopes as shown in
Fig. 2.
2.9
Be Charge Radii [fm]2.8

Be Charge Radii [fm]We have developed an online ion trap for precision
atomic spectroscopy where unstable Be ions are stored
for a long time and laser-cooled down to a very low
temperature1,2) . This is an ideal condition to perform double resonance spectroscopy to determine theabsolute optical transition energies to deduce the isotope shifts of the optical transitions. From the isotope shifts, we can systematically determine the nuclear charge radii of Be isotopes.
The ﬁnite mass and size of a nucleus inﬂuence theelectron binding energies of an atom. In the case oflight nuclei such as Be, the ﬁeld shift due to the sizeof a nucleus is as small as 10 MHz, whereas the optical transition energy is about 109 MHz and the masscontribution is about 103 MHz. The determination of
charge radii requires not only theoretical calculations
for the mass shift and other eﬀects, such as QED effects, with suﬃciently high accuracies but also the relative accuracies of the measurements must be as highas 10−9 .
To measure the optical transition energy, we used
the optical-optical double resonance (OODR) spectroscopy method3) . In the cooling process, ions are
optically pumped between the states 2 2S1/2 (largest F )and 2 2P3/2 and strong laser-induced ﬂuorescence is observed. If the optical pumping is imperfect, some fraction of the population remains in the other states. Under such a condition, if we use a weak probe laser resonant to the 2 2S1/2 (smaller F )−2 2P3/2 transition, apart of the population in the smaller F state is transferred to the larger F state. Then, an increase in thelaser-induced ﬂuorescence signal is observed. The cooling probe lasers alternately irradiated the trapped ions,using electro-optic modulators and polarizers to avoid
the power broadening and shift eﬀects. In this way,
we can obtain a symmetric Lorentzian proﬁle for the
2 2S1/2 −2 2P3/2 transition with a width close to the natural line width. The probe laser frequency was simultaneously measured by a clockwork optical femtosecond
frequency comb (Menlo Systems FC1500)4) . Then we
can determine the absolute frequency of energy transitions with extremely high accuracy.
Typical OODR spectra are shown in Fig. 1 ﬁtted with Lorentzian proﬁles to determined the res-

2.7
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.3
2.2
7

9

10

11

Mass Number

Fig. 2. Preliminary evaluated charge raii of Be isotopes.

References
1) T. Nakamura et al.: Phys. Rev. A 74, 052503 (2006).
2) K. Okada et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 212502 (2008).
3) D. J. Wineland et al.: Opt. Lett. 5, 245 (1980).
4) T. Udem et al.: Nature 416, 233 (2002).

1- xiv -

RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

Observation of new neutron-rich short-lived isomers among fission
products of 345 MeV/nucleon 238U
D. Kameda, T. Nakao,∗1 T. Kubo, T. Ohnishi, K. Kusaka, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida, M. Ohtake, N. Fukuda, H.
Takeda, K. Tanaka, N. Inabe, Y. Yanagisawa, H. Watanabe, H. Otsu, Y. Kondo, Y. Gono, H. Sakurai, T.
Motobayashi, H. Baba, T. Ichihara, Y. Yamaguchi, M. Takechi, S. Nishimura, H. Ueno, A. Yoshimi, M.
Matsushita,∗2 K. Ieki,∗2 N. Kobayashi,∗3 K. Tanaka,∗3 Y. Kawada,∗3 N. Tanaka,∗3 S. Deguchi,∗3 Y. Sato,∗3 T.
Nakamura,∗3 K. Yoshinaga,∗4 C, Ishii,∗4 H. Yoshii,∗4 N. Uematsu,∗4 Y. Shiraki,∗4 Y. Miyashita,∗4 T.
Sumikama,∗4 J. Chiba,∗4 E. Ideguchi,∗5 A. Saito,∗5 T. Yamaguchi,∗6 I. Hachiuma,∗6 T. Suzuki,∗6 T. Moriguchi,∗7
A. Ozawa,∗7 T. Ohtsubo,∗8 M. A. Famiano,∗9 A. Nettleton,∗10 B. Sherrill,∗10 S. Manikonda,∗11 and J. Nolen,∗11[In-flight fission, neutron-rich nuclei, short-lived isomer]
The BigRIPS separator provides intermediate energy radioactive isotopes (RI) that are identified eventby event by their mass, A, and charge state, Q, inflight. In the 2008 search for new isotopes using inflight fission of a 345 MeV/nucleon 238 U beam, the intensities of the cocktail RI beams were around or below
1 k particles/s. The situation has allowed us to observe
isomeric decays of the products, whose halflives arearound a microsecond, in the neutron-rich region far
from stability. During the new isotope search, we observed more than ten new isomers in detecting γ rays
gated on the isotopes which were identified by using
the so-called particle identification plot of A/Q versus
proton number. Of these, this report describes the isomeric states of the neutron-rich Br isotopes, 94 Br and
95
Br, which were one of the intense isomers observed.
The γ-rays emitted from the isomeric states weredetected using three clover-type Ge detectors locatedat the end of the ZeroDegree spectrometer. To stop the
Br beams close to the detectors, an aluminum stopper
was installed at the end of the beam line. The thicknessof the stopper, 8.1 g/cm2 , was chosen to stop almost
all of the products in the new isotope search setting.
The detail of the setup is described elsewhere. We
accumulated the γ rays triggered by the particles witha 20 µs time window. The beam condition of the Br
isotopes is shown in Table 1.
Figure 1 shows the γ-ray energy spectra observedfor 94 Br and 95 Br. To reduce γ background due tobeam irradiation, which appears as a prominent peakin the γ time spectrum, the events around the peakwere excluded. We have observed two strong peaks
at 91.7 and 202.3 keV for 94 Br and a strong peak at
537.9 keV for 95 Br. In the insets, the decay curves

gated by these γ rays are presented. In 94 Br, the preliminarily obtained halflives for the 91.7 and 202 keV γ
rays are 713(71) ns and 655(46) ns, respectively. The
agreement within the errors suggests that these γ rays
come from an identical isomeric state. In 95 Br, a preliminary halflife of the 538 keV γ rays was obtained as
T1/2 = 4.0(12) µs. Further analysis is now in progress.

Fig. 1. γ-ray energy spectra for 94 Br and 95 Br∗1

Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University∗3 Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology∗4 Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science∗5 Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo∗6 Department of Physics, Saitama University∗7 Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba∗8 Department of Physics, Niigata University∗9 Physics Department, Western Michigan University∗10 Michigan State University∗11 Argonne National Laboratory∗2

Table 1. Beam condition for the Br isotopes.
94

production target
charge stateyield in stopper- xv -

95
BrBr
Be 5 mm35(fully stripped)
2.1 × 105 4.0 × 104

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

α-Particle Condensation in 16 O Studied with a Full Four-Body
Orthogonality Condition Model Calculation†
Y. Funaki, T. Yamada∗1 , H. Horiuchi∗2 , G. Röpke∗3 , P. Schuck∗4 and A. Tohsaki∗2[Nuclear structure, Cluster model, Alpha particle]

†
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 082502(2008).
Laboratory of Physics, Kanto Gakuin University
Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University
Institut für Physik, Unversität Rostock, Germany
Institut de Physique Nucléaire, France

1.2
0+1
0+6

0.8
r φ(r) [fm−1/2]

It is well established that α-clustering plays a very
important role in the structure of light nuclei.1, 2 The
importance of the α-cluster formation has also been
discussed in inﬁnite nuclear matter, where α-particle
type condensation is expected at low density,3 quite
analogous to the recently realized Bose-Einstein condensation of bosonic atoms in magneto-optical traps.4
Regarding α-particle condensation in ﬁnite nuclei, only12
the Hoyle state, i.e. the 0+
C has clearly
2 state inbeen established thus far. Several past papers2 andalso more recent papers5–7 have by now establishedbeyond any doubt that the Hoyle state, only having
about one third of saturation density, can be described,
to good approximation, as a product state of three
α-particles, condensed into the lowest mean ﬁeld 0Sorbit.8, 9
In this short note we present a result of the exploration of the 4α condensate state by solving a full Orthogonality Condition Model (OCM) four-body equation of motion without any assumption with respect
to the structure of the 4α system. Here we take the
4α OCM with Gaussian basis functions,10 the model
space of which is large enough to cover the 4α gas, theα+12 C cluster, as well as the shell-model conﬁgurations. The OCM is extensively described in Ref. 11.
As a result of the calculations, we can reproduce thefull spectrum of 0+ states up to about 15 MeV, andtentatively make a one-to-one correspondence of thosestates with the six lowest 0+ states of the experimental
spectrum. In view of the complexity of the situation,
the agreement is considered to be very satisfactory (seeFig. 1 in Ref. 12).
The 0+ spectrum of 16 O up to about 15 MeV is now
essentially understood, including the 4α condensate
state. This is a remarkable improvement in our knowledge of the structure of 16 O. The structures of the 0+
2state at 6.05 MeV and 0+
3 state at 12.05 MeV are well+12
established as having the α+12 C(0+1 ) and α+ C(21 )13, 14cluster structures, respectively.
These structures+of the 0+
2 and 03 states have been conﬁrmed in thepresent calculation. We also mention that the groundstate is described as having a shell-model conﬁguration within the present framework, the calculated rms
value, 2.7 fm, agreeing with the observed rms value

0.4
0.0
−0.4
0.0

10.0
r [fm]

20.0

Fig. 1. (Color online) The radial parts of single-α orbits
with L = 0 belonging to the largest occupation number,
for the ground and 0+
6 states.

(2.71 fm). We ﬁnd that the 0+
6 state, calculated to beabout 2 MeV above the 4α threshold, has a very large
rms radius of about 5 fm and has a rather large occupation probability of 61% of four α particles sitting
in a spatially extended single-α 0S orbit (see Fig. 1).
The wave function has a large α+12 C amplitude only
for 12 C∗ , i.e. the Hoyle state. These results are strong
evidence of the 0+
6 state, which is a new theoretical prediction, for the existence of the 4α condensate state,i.e. the analog to the Hoyle state in 12 C. Further experimental information is very much requested to conﬁrm
this novel interpretation of this state.
References
1) K. Wildermuth and Y. C. Tang, A Uniﬁed Theory of
the Nucleus (Vieweg, Braunschweig, 1977).
2) For example, K. Ikeda et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
No. 68, 1 (1980), and references therein.
3) G. Röpke et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3177 (1998).
4) F. Dalfovo et al., Rev. Mod. Phys. 71, 463 (1999).
5) A. Tohsaki et al., Phys. Rev. Let. 87, 192501 (2001).
6) Y. Funaki et al., Phys. Rev. C 67, 051306(R) (2003);
Eur. Phys. J. A 24, 321 (2005); Eur. Phys. J. A 28, 259(2006); Nucl. Phys. News Lett. 17(04), 11 (2007); Phys.
Rev. C 77, 064312 (2008).
7) M. Chernykh et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 032501(2007).
8) H. Matsumura et al., Nucl. Phys. A 739, 238 (2004).
9) T. Yamada et al., Euro. Phys. J. A 26, 185 (2005).
10) M. Kamimura, Phys. Rev. A 38, 621 (1988).
11) S. Saito, Prog. Theor. Phys. 40, 893 (1968).
12) Y. Funaki et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 082502 (2008).
13) Y. Suzuki, Prog. Theor. Phys. 55, 1751 (1976).
14) K. Fukatsu et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. 87, 151 (1992).

- xvi -1

016S
RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

Holographic Baryons :Static Properties and Form Factors from Gauge/String Duality †K. Hashimoto,∗1 T. Sakai,∗2 and S. Sugimoto,∗3[Static proeprties of nucleons, Superstring theory]
In this paper, we study properties of baryons byusing a holographic dual of QCD on the basis of
the D4/D8-brane conﬁguration, where baryons are described by a soliton. Recent progress in string theory
makes it possible to compute various physical quantities of strongly coupled QCD at low energy, at large
Nc . We ﬁrst determine the asymptotic behavior of
the soliton solution, which allows us to evaluate welldeﬁned currents associated with the U (Nf )L ×U (Nf )R
chiral symmetry. Using the currents, we compute
static quantities of baryons such as charge radii andmagnetic moments, and make a quantitative test withexperiments. It is emphasized that not only the nucleon but also excited baryons, such as ∆, N (1440),
N (1535) etc., can be analyzed systematically in thismodel. We also investigate the form factors and ﬁndthat our form factors agree well with the results thatare well-established empirically. With the form factors,
the eﬀective baryon-baryon-meson cubic coupling constants among their inﬁnite towers in the model can be
determined.
We use a model of holographic QCD1) obtainedin superstring theory, and calculate static quantitiesof the nucleon and excited baryons. In the model,
The baryons are described as quantized instantons
in ﬁve dimensional Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons (YMCS)
theory. By deﬁning the chiral currents properly at
the spatial inﬁnity in the ﬁfth dimension and by solving the YMCS equations of motion with the instanton
proﬁle and Green’s functions, we obtain the explicit
expression for the chiral currents depending on thebaryon state. From the currents we computed various static quantities of proton/neutron, such as charge
radii, magnetic moments, axial coupling and axial radius. See the summary table below. The GoldbergerTreiman relation is naturally derived. These quantities can be computed for excited baryons in the samemanner, which are our theoretical prediction for theexcited baryons. We also calculated the nucleon form
factors (and also that for excited baryons). It was
shown that the electric and magnetic form factors of
the nucleon are roughly consistent with the dipole behavior observed in experiments. Electric as well as
magnetic charge radii of the baryons and their cou†
∗1
∗2
∗3

Condensed from the article in Prog. Theor. Phys. 120, 10931137 (2008)
Theoretical Physics Laboratory, RIKEN
Department of Physics, Ibaraki University
Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe,
University of Tokyo

Table 1. Various static observables of nucleons, computedin our model. For a comparison, we quote results of theSkyrmion2) .

 2 1/2
r I=0
 2 1/2
r M, I=0 2r
 2 E,pr
 2  E,nr
 2 M,pr

 2 M,n
1/2
r

A

µp
µ
 n

 µp 
µn

gA

gπN N
gρN N

our model

Skyrmionexperiment

0.742 fm

0.59 fm

0.806 fm

0.742 fm

0.92 fm

0.814 fm

(0.742 fm)2∞

(0.875 fm)2∞

(0.855 fm)2∞

(0.873 fm)2

1.87
-1.31
1.43
0.61
8.9
-

0.674 fm
2.79
-1.91
1.46
1.27
13.2
4.2 ∼ 6.5

0(0.742 fm)

2(0.742 fm)

20.537 fm
2.18
-1.34
1.63
0.73
7.46
5.80

-0.116 fm2−∞

Table 2. Our prediction for excited nucleons.

 2r
 2 E,pr
 2  E,nr
 2 M,pr

 2 M,n
1/2
r

A

µp
µ
 n

 µp 
µn

gA

gπBB
gρBB

n,p
(0.742 fm)2

N(1440)(0.742 fm)2

N(1535)(0.699 fm)2

0

0

0

(0.742 fm)

2(0.742 fm)

20.537 fm
2.18
-1.34
1.63
0.734
7.46
5.80

(0.742 fm)

2(0.699 fm)2

(0.742 fm)

2(0.699 fm)2

0.537 fm
2.99
-2.15
1.39
1.07
16.7
5.80

0.435 fm
2.18
-1.34
1.63
0.380
6.32
4.51

plings to mesons are calculated from the form factors.
As shown in the ﬁrst table, we have found a good
agreement with experiments, for various quantities ofbaryons. The numerical values presented here as our
result should be treated with care, since it was obtained for large value of the ’t Hooft coupling and Nc .
References
1) T. Sakai and S. Sugimoto, Prog. Theor. Phys. 113, 843(2005), Prog. Theor. Phys. 114, 1083 (2005).
2) G. S. Adkins, C. R. Nappi and E. Witten, Nucl. Phys.
B 228, 552 (1983).

- xvii -1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Nondestructive monitoring system of RF fields andbeam-phase/intensity for stable operation of RIBF
R. Koyama∗1 , M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, M. Hemmi, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase,
N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, T. Watanabe, K. Yamada, and Y. Yanoand the correlation with beam-phases and intensities.
Both beam-bunch signals and the RF-fields monitoring
system are divided into 5 sections, which are around
RILAC, RRC, fRC, IRC, and SRC. Each section has amonitoring system with basically the same configuration shown in Fig. 2. The beam-bunch and RF-fields
signals are analyzed by the LIA (via switching modules in some sections). All the systems are controlled
by the developed LabVIEW program. Independently
with our monitoring system, the temperatures of air
and cooling water are also monitored using DC100 controlled by DARWIN DAQ32 from YOKOGAWA Eelectric Corporation.

to BigRIPS
SRC (5 cavities)(Section Name): Charge strippers

Beam bunch signalsorRF pickup signals: Phase probes

G01

Inj. buncher
FC-RFQCSM (6 cavities): not used in U acceleration

6A1

e11

1st rebuncher

RILAC (6 cavities)

G50

Beam
m
chopper
er

18GHz-ECRIS

to GARIS

1st Stripper

S71

SIG inSwitch
Sw
witch
witc
h
Amp.
A

REF inSwitchSwitc
witccchh

GPIB/LAN
G
GP
PIB/L
LAN
L

or
ATT

to RF ampliﬁers
pliﬁersof accelerators
ccelerra
ratorsFrequency
equen
ncy
n
multipliersmuers(2, 3,(2
3 6,, 9f)
Power
Powe
P
er
dividerdivide
er
18.25 MHz

EPICS
network

Masterr oscillator
osc(E4426B)
4426
Control PC

RRC (2 cavities)

X51

Lock-in amp.
p SR844

CavitiesorPhasee Probes

GPIB
GP
PIB
(IEEE488)

We have developed a nondestructive monitoring system of RF fields and beam-phase/intensity in order toobtain stable operation of RI beam factory (RIBF).
We have previously reported on a similar system for
RILAC region in the last fiscal year1) , but we haveextended the system throughout the RIBF in thisfiscal year. The layout of the RIBF during a 345
MeV/nucleon uranium acceleration is shown in Fig. 1.
In the uranium acceleration, ions are produced by
18GHz-ECRIS, and accelerated by the injection linacs(RFQ and RILAC) and four ring cyclotrons (RRC,
fRC, IRC, and SRC). In addition, we have an injection
buncher and four re-bunchers as shown in Fig. 1. Twocharge strippers are placed downstream of the RRC
and the fRC.

A01

: Single coaxial cableMultiple coaxial cables:M:E
Ethernet cable

2nd Stripper

M04 K51

K01(LabVIEW)

10 MHzRb freq.
q standard
sta(FS725)D15
3rd rebunchernd

2 rebuncher

IRC (3 cavities)

Fig. 2. Block diagram of developed monitoring system.

th

4 rebuncher
F51

F01

fRC (3 cavities)

Fig. 1. Layout of RIBF during a 345 MeV/nucleon uranium
acceleration.

In such a multi-stage acceleration system, one of themost important factors for stable operation is to maintain the matching of beam-phases between accelerators. However, drifts of beam-phases have frequently
been observed, which may be the result of fluctuation of RF-fields, fluctuation of the magnetic field, etc..
Hence, it is important to monitor beam-bunch signals
constantly, and we have developed a monitoring systemusing the commercial RF lock-in amplifier (LIA) model
SR844 manufactured by Stanford Research Systems.
In addition, the system for monitoring the RF-fields
has also been developed to investigate their stability∗1

SHI Accelerator Service, Ltd.

Our system constantly monitors fluctuations in voltages and phases of a total of 25 RF-cavities and also
in beam-bunch signals detected nondestructively by 13
phase probes (PPs, shown as double circles with theirsection names in Fig. 1.) placed at beam transportlines during 345 MeV/nucleon uranium acceleration.
In the other acceleration modes such as 345 MeV/u calcium acceleration using RILAC-RRC-IRC-SRC (skipthe fRC), slight changes are made to the configuration of the monitoring system. Using this system, we
have started to investigate the stability of our accelerator complex and relations between fluctuations of
RF-fields of accelerators and observed instabilities ofbeam-phases and intensities. In this report, two notable examples are presented.
One is the correlation between RF and air temperature. Since it was known that there was some relation
between the output fluctuation of the power divider(1f-PD) and the air temperature according to previous research2) , we investigated the relation between- xviii -1them more precisely by putting a thermometer near
the 1f-PD. This 1f-PD has been used for distributing
the reference signal from a master oscillator to each
low level module of all RIBF accelerators. Fig. 3-ashows the RF fluctuations observed on November 17,
2008, where fRC3f-PD is the power divider with frequency tripler for fRC main RF, fRC-W and E are
the acceleration RF of two main cavities of fRC, andAir-temp. is the air temperature near the 1f-PD. The
phase shifts by manual tunings are indicated by arrows. It is found that an air temperature fluctuation




































































































































































- xix -








around 1f-PD of 19.7±2 ◦ C caused phase and voltage
fluctuations of 1f-PD and fRC3f-PD, and finally caused
phase fluctuations of fRC-W and E of ±3◦ (excluding
the phase shifts by manual tunings). The phase shiftsof fRC-W and E caused by the sudden voltage reduction of 1f-PD were also observed independently of the
air temperature fluctuation as indicated by the closed
circle in Fig. 3-a. The phase stabilities of fRC-W andE were improved as shown in Fig. 3-b after installingthe directional couplers instead of the 1f-PD, and after
starting air conditioning using a heat pump system.
The other example is the correlation between
RF/beam-intensity and cooling water temperature.
The periodic fluctuation of extraction intensity of RRC
detected by PP-A01 was observed on December 9,
2008. Since the incident intensity of RRC detectedby PP-S71 was relatively stable we investigated the
RF of the RRC, and it was found that there was a

2









Fig. 3. RF fluctuations of power dividers and fRC. Arrows
indicate the phase shifts due to manual tunings.












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




correlation between them as shown in Fig. 4-a. Additionally, we investigated the cause of fluctuation of
RRC-RF, and it was found that it had a correlation
with the cooling water temperature of RRC-cavities asshown in Fig. 4-b. The cooling water temperature of
RRC-RF system is controlled by regulating the temperature of secondary cooling water by automaticallycontrolling the fans and spray pumps of the cooling
tower. We stopped this temperature regulation systembecause the period of the fluctuation of the coolingwater temperature was synchronized with the on/off
control of the fans and spray pumps. The stability ofbeam intensity at PP-A01 was significantly improved
after stopping the regulation system as shown in Fig. 4c, while the stability of RRC-RF was little improved.
Hence the fluctuation of beam intensity at PP-A01 canbe considered to be caused by the fluctuations somewhere else in origin such as the magnetic field of RRC
main magnet, which also has a great influence on the
beam quality, and uses same secondary cooling water.




Fig. 4. Stability of extraction beam intensity of RRC.

As our next step, we plan to integrate the temperature monitoring system into our developed monitoring
system in order to comprehend the correlations online
for more prompt countermeasures.
References
1) R. Koyama et al.,: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 99(2008).
2) R. Koyama et al.,: Proceedings of PASJ5-LAM33, August 2008, Higashi-Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima, WP007.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

A series of asexual mutants and partial deletion of the Y-chromosome by heavy ion
beam in Silene latifolia
Chihiro Torii,䋪 Kotaro Ishii,䋪 Kiyoshi Nishihara, Kahori Yamanaka,䋪 Naoko Ishi,䋪 Ayako Koizumi,䋪 Yusuke Kazama,
Tomoko Abe and Shigeyuki Kawano䋪
Sexual dimorphism is controlled by genes on the
differential arms of the Y chromosome in Silene latifolia.
They are divided into four functional regions: (1) a region
causing suppression of gynoecium development, often
called the gynocecium suppressing functional (GSF) region;(2) a region causing stamen development, also called thestamen promoting functional (SPF) region; (3) a region
containing the gene necessary for late anther development,
known as the male fertility functional (MFF) region; and (4)a recombining pseudoautosomal region. We have isolated a
new series of Y-chromosome deletion mutants, expressed asasexual flowers.
Seeds and anthers were irradiated with a 135 MeV/u
carbon-ion beam within a dose range of 20 - 200 Gy. The
irradiated seeds were sown in pots, and after one month,viable plants were counted. The survival rates of the seeds
irradiated at up to 75 Gy ranged from 100% to 85%. The
survival rates of seeds irradiated at more than 75 Gy
decreased as the irradiation dose increased. Irradiated pollen
was used to fertilize female plants of the same inbred K line.
After one month, seeds were collected and sown in pots.
The germination rate of seeds generated from pollen
irradiated at a dose of 20 Gy was more than 50%, but fell to
3% with a dose of 60 Gy.
Eleven asexual mutants, F01a, I02, G04, G01, G02, I01,
G06a, I03h, F02a, G05 and G03, were obtained from theplants derived from irradiated pollen and compared with
K034, our previously reported asexual mutant with two
types of flowers, asexual and female-like flower.1) Flowersof S. latifolia have 10 stamens and a suppressed gynoecium
as an undifferentiated rod (Fig. 1a). Asexual flowers of theeleven asexual mutants had rudimentary or various

Fig. 1. SEM observations of male flowers of S.latifolia. (a)wt male, (b) G06a and (c) F02a.
developing stamens and a suppressed gynoecium (Fig. 1b
and c). The number of stamens were always 10 and thetwo-flower type such as in K034 did not appear amongthem.
To determine whether the eleven asexual mutants have a
Y chromosome, PCR analysis was performed using
Y-specific sequence-tagged site (STS) markers (MK17,
SlssY, Bgl10, DD44Y, Bgl16, MS4, ScD05, SlAP3Y, ScQ14,
MS7 and MS2). K034, which has two flower phenotypes,
possessed the Y chromosome carrying two deletions (MS4,
Bgl10,DD44Y,
Bgl16
and
ScQ14)
inthegynoecium-suppressing and stamen-promoting functional
regions (Yd). Five mutants, F01a, I02, G04, G01 and G02,
possessed a Y chromosome carrying a deletion of GSF incommon. Another five mutants, I01, G06a, I03h, F02a andG05, possessed a common deletion of SPF. The last mutant,G03, only possessed a deletion of MFF.

Fig. 2. Schematic representations of the entire Y chromosome of S. latifolia and the results of PCR of sequence-tagged site(STS) markers using each genomic DNA isolated from K034 and the series of asexual mutants obtained in this work.
Bars for each mutant name represent markers. Blanks indicate the marker was missing.
References
1) Koizumi, A. et al.: Plant Cell Physiol. 48, 1450 (2007).
䋪

Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo- xx -C O N T E N T S
Page
GRAVURES & HIGHLIGHTS OF THE YEAR
Decay properties of 266Bh and 262Db produced in the 248Cm + 23Na reaction － Further confirmation of
the 278113 decay chain －…………………………………………………………………………………………

i

RF multipole devices play important roles in SLOWRI experiments : Hyperfine spectroscopy of 7Be+
and new type of ion crystals in an RF octupole ion trap (PP. 18 and 230) ………………………………………

vii

Discovery of 20 new isotopes by in-flight fission of 345MeV/u 238U……………………………………………

viii

Status of the RIKEN 28GHz Superconducting ECR ion source…………………………………………………

ix

A new cultivar “Nishina Zaou” induced by heavy ion beam irradiation…………………………………………

xi

Demonstration of electron scattering using the SCRIT prototype… ……………………………………………

xii

Production and decay properties of 263Hs…………………………………………………………………………

xiii

Precision optical transition measurements for 7,9,10,11Be+ ions……………………………………………………

xiv

Observation of new neutron-rich short-lived isomers among fission products of 345 MeV/nucleon 238U………

xv

α-Particle Condensation in 16O Studied with a Full Four-Body Orthogonality Condition Model
Calculation… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

xvi

Holographic Baryons : Static Properties and Form Factors from Gauge/String Duality…………………………

xvii

Nondestructive monitoring system of RF fields and beam-phase/intensity for stable operation of RIBF… ……

xviii

A series of asexual mutants and partial deletion of the Y-chromosome by heavy ion beam in Silene
latifolia……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

xx

I. PREFACE……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

1

II. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES I (Nuclear-Particle Physics)
1. Nuclear Physics
γ Spectroscopy beyond the Island of Inversion… ………………………………………………………………

3

Inclusive Coulomb breakup of 22C and 31Ne… …………………………………………………………………

4

Measurement of interaction cross sections for neutron rich Ne Isotopes… ……………………………………

5

Angular distributions for low-lying states in the 32Mg(p, p') reaction……………………………………………

6

One-neutron removal reactions of 18C and 19C on a proton target… ……………………………………………

7

Inelastic proton scattering on the neutron-rich nucleus 58Ti……………………………………………………

8

Inelastic scattering studies of 16C reexamined……………………………………………………………………

9

Lifetime measurements of excited states in 17C… ………………………………………………………………

10

Investigation of the 30S(p,γ)31Cl reaction via Coulomb dissociation… …………………………………………

11

Inelastic scattering of proton-rich nucleus 23Al… ………………………………………………………………

12

Large proton contribution to the 2+ excitation in 20Mg studied by intermediate energy inelastic scattering… …

13

Coulomb excitation and proton inelastic scattering of 36Ca………………………………………………………

14

Attempt to produce the 3rd chain of 278113………………………………………………………………………

15

New decay properties of 264Hs, 260Sg, and 256Rf… ………………………………………………………………

16

Precision measurement of the hyperfine constant of 11Be… ……………………………………………………

17

Precision hyperfine structure spectroscopy of laser-cooled radioactive 7Be+-ions produced by projectile
fragmentation… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

18

Half life measurement of 46Cr……………………………………………………………………………………

1930

S Beam Development with CRIB………………………………………………………………………………

20

Study of astrophysically important states in 26Si via the p(25Al,p)25Al elastic scattering…………………………

21

Measurement of the ground-state electric quadrupole moment of 33Al… ………………………………………

22

Electric quadrupole moment of proton-rich 23Al…………………………………………………………………

23

Production of 58Cu through the charge exchange reaction of 58Ni… ……………………………………………

24

The first T-violation experiment using polarized 8Li at KEK-TRIAC……………………………………………

25

Current status of SAMURAI… …………………………………………………………………………………

26→

Plan of measurement of dp scattering at RIBF… ………………………………………………………………

27

Probing Asymmetric Nuclear Matter at RIBF……………………………………………………………………

28

The development of the Gamma ray detectors in BigRIPS and Zerodegree spectrometer.………………………

29

Measurement of double helicity asymmetry in direct photon production in p + p at √ －s = 200GeV… …………

31

W-physics with Inclusive Muons in PHENIX: Detailed Feasibility Studies… …………………………………

32

Measurement of Collins Asymmetry in e e Annihilation at Belle.………………………………………………

33

+ －

Precision Measurements of Hadron Multiplicities in e e Annihilation at BELLE………………………………

34

Measurement of Interference Fragmentation Functions at Belle…………………………………………………

35

+ －

Double Helicity Asymmetry of Inclusive Charged Hadrons in pp Collisions at √ －s = 62.4 GeV at
PHENIX… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

36

PHENIX local polarimeter analysis in polarized proton-proton collisions at √ －s = 200GeV from RHIC
Run-8… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

37

2. Nuclear Physics(Theory)
Covalent isomeric state in 12Be induced by two-neutron transfers………………………………………………

39

Isoscalar monopole transitions in 10,12Be…………………………………………………………………………

40

A smoothing method of discrete breakup S-matrix elements in the theory of continuum-discretizedcoupled channels…………………………………………………………………………………………………

41

Elastic and total reaction cross sections of oxygen isotopes in Glauber theory… ………………………………

42

Shell-model description of beta-decays for pfg-shell nuclei… …………………………………………………

43

Skyrme-QRPA calculation for exotic modes in neutron-rich Mg isotopes close to the drip line… ……………

44

Evolution of the spin-orbit splitting in 48Ca probed by the spectroscopic factor…………………………………

45

Density functional for description of novel pairing properties in nuclei far from β-stability……………………

46

Two-neutron and two-proton correlations in nuclear surface……………………………………………………

47

Calculation of nuclear photoabsorption cross section using the finite amplitude method for Skyrme
functionals… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

48

Linear Response Calculations With Skyrme TDHF+BCS… ……………………………………………………

49

Development of QRPA code with an FAM method………………………………………………………………

50

Spectroscopic Factors in Asymmetric Nuclei From Realistic Interactions………………………………………

51

Ab-initio Green’s Functions Calculations of Atoms… …………………………………………………………

52

Thermodynamical ensemble treatments of nuclear pairing in a multilevel model………………………………

53

BCS-BEC transition in finite systems……………………………………………………………………………

54

t-band and tilted axis rotation in 182Os……………………………………………………………………………

55

Origin of the narrow, single peak in the fission-fragment mass distribution for 258Fm… ………………………

56

Neutron vortices in neutron stars…………………………………………………………………………………

57

Direct reactions of antiproton and the black-sphere picture… …………………………………………………

58

Light Ξ hypernuclei in four-body cluster models… ……………………………………………………………

59pΞ0 force studied with lattice QCD………………………………………………………………………………

60

Hadro-Chemistry for High Momentum Probes of Heavy Ion Collisions… ……………………………………

61

3. Hadron Physics
Absolute luminosity determination using the vernier scan technique at √ －s = 62.4 GeV… ……………………
Cross Section For Prompt Photon Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at √ －s = 62.4 GeV… ………………

63
64

Double spin asymmetries of open heavy-flavor production in forward rapidity with polarized p + p
collisions at √ －s=200GeV…………………………………………………………………………………………
Measurement of transverse single-spin asymmetry with J/Ψ in polarized p+p collisions at √ －s = 200 GeV… …

65
66

Study of J/ψ spin alignment in proton-proton collisions at √ －s = 200 GeV in RHIC PHENIX experiment… …

67

RHIC-PHENIX… ………………………………………………………………………………………………

68

Longitudinal Double Spin Asymmetry for Inclusive Jet Production in Polarized p+p Collisions at 200 GeV… …

69

Measurement of direct photon using a virtual photon method in √ －s = 200 GeV p+p collisions at

Measurement of Transverse Single Spin Asymmetry of Open Heavy Flavor in Polarized p+p Collisions
at PHENIX… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

70－
Reaction Plane Dependence of Neutral Pion Production at √ －s－
NN =200 GeV Au+Au Collisions at
RHIC-PHENIX… ………………………………………………………………………………………………

71

A study of ω meson production in √ －sNN =200GeV A+A collisions at PHENIX… ……………………………

72

High pT Charged Pion Cross Section, Using PHENIX Central Arms……………………………………………

73

Multiplicity Measurement in the Proton-Proton Collisions at the LHC…………………………………………

74

Recent progress in precision pionic atom spectroscopy at RIBF…………………………………………………

75

4. Hadron Physics(Theory)
Glueball Decay in Holographic QCD……………………………………………………………………………

77

Quark Mass Deformation of Holographic Massless QCD… ……………………………………………………

78

Phenomenology of small χ physics.………………………………………………………………………………

79

An explanation of the NuTeV anomaly… ………………………………………………………………………

80

EMC effect for parity-violating DIS… …………………………………………………………………………

81

The study of multiquark states based on 1/Nc classifications……………………………………………………

82

Non-Fermi-liquid magnetic susceptibility of quark matter………………………………………………………

83

Temperature dependence of quarkonium correlators… …………………………………………………………

84

Heavy-quark bound states in an anisotropic hot QCD plasma… ………………………………………………

85

Improved non-perturbative renormalization in lattice QCD… …………………………………………………

86(2+1)-flavor DWF QCD and chiral perturbation…………………………………………………………………

87

Nucleon form factors in (2+1)-flavor dynamical DWF QCD……………………………………………………

88

Eta meson from two flavor dynamical domain wall fermions……………………………………………………

89

5. Particle Physics
O(αsa) matching in static heavy and DW light quark system……………………………………………………

91

Thermal Noise in AdS/CFT………………………………………………………………………………………

92

Extended MQCD and SUSY/non-SUSY duality…………………………………………………………………

93

Kerr/CFT correspondence and five-dimensional BMPV black holes……………………………………………

94

Toward a Proof of Montonen-Olive Duality via Multiple M2-branes……………………………………………

95

D-brane States and Annulus Amplitudes in OSp Invariant Closed String Field Theory…………………………

96

Gauge invariant overlaps for classical solutions in open string field theory… …………………………………

97

Schnabl’s solution and boundary states in open string field theory………………………………………………

98

Comments on gauge invariant overlaps for marginal solutions in open string field theory… …………………

99

Electroweak symmetry breaking in SO(5) × U(1) gauge-Higgs unification with top and bottom quarks… ……

100

Vacuum energy of two-dimensional N = (2, 2) super Yang-Mills theory… ……………………………………

101

Restoration of supersymmetry on the lattice: Two-dimensional N = (2, 2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills
theory… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

102

Some physics of the two-dimensional N = (2, 2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory: A lattice Monte
Carlo study… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………

103

6. Development of Accelerator Facility
Acceleration Tests of 238U and 48Ca in RIBF… …………………………………………………………………

105

Construction of the MEBT (Middle-Energy Beam Transport) line for new 28GHz Superconducting
ECR Ion Source (SC- ECRIS)……………………………………………………………………………………

107

New beam line for the AVF-RRC-SRC acceleration… …………………………………………………………

109

Construction of the IRC-bypass beam transport line… …………………………………………………………

111

Refinement of SRC for acceleration of high intensity beam in 2008… …………………………………………

113

Completion of Superconducting Magnet for the 28 GHz ECR Ion Source………………………………………

115

Production of highly charged Na ion beams from the RIKEN 18 GHz ECRIS…………………………………

117

Production of a highly charged Ge beam form the RIKEN 18 GHz ECRIS… …………………………………

118

Improvement of rf-system for cyclotrons at RIBF… ……………………………………………………………

120

Stability of RF system at RILAC in RIBF… ……………………………………………………………………

122

Open-stub filter for fRC main amplifier… ………………………………………………………………………

124

High-power test of four-rod cw RFQ for new injector to RI-beam factory………………………………………

126

Design of a water-cooling device for the rf shield of an SRC rf resonator………………………………………

127

The heating effect of cryogenic vacuum pump of SRC rf resonator… …………………………………………

129

The effect of vacuum pressure on transmission efficiency of RILAC……………………………………………

131

Development of polymer-coated carbon stripper foils……………………………………………………………

133

Offline test of a gas charge stripper for uranium beams… ………………………………………………………

135

Practical use of beam current monitor with HTS current sensor and HTS SQUID at RIBF… …………………

137

Development of ion beam core monitor… ………………………………………………………………………

139

Radiation monitoring in the SRC using an ionization chamber.…………………………………………………

141

Performance Tests of Old Power Supplies in RIBF………………………………………………………………

143

A Linux Cluster with Redundant Design for Accelerator Operation… …………………………………………

145

Computer modelling of the nitrogen, oxygen, and proton acceleration in RIKEN AVF cyclotron………………

147

Low Energy Beam Transport of 127 kV U + on 100 kV Cockcroft… …………………………………………

148

Space Charge effects in the RILAC II……………………………………………………………………………

150

Medium Energy Beam Transport System from the New Superconducting ECR Ion Source to RILAC…………

152

Emittance measurement of a singly charged heavy ion beam produced by laser for use in RHIC-EBIS… ……

154

Preparation for Beam Analysis Experiment for EBIS-RFQ Linac………………………………………………

155

35

7. Instrumentation
Status of the BigRIPS and ZeroDegree Project… ………………………………………………………………

157

Commissioning of ZeroDegree spectrometer……………………………………………………………………

159

Beam intensity monitors for BigRIPS separator…………………………………………………………………

161

Manipulation and performance of ionization chambers for BigRIPS experiments………………………………

163

SHARAQ Project ― Progress in 2008 ―… ……………………………………………………………………

165

Magnetic field measurement for the dipole magnets of the SHARAQ spectrometer……………………………

167

Large acceptance transport in the high resolution beam line for SHARAQ spectrometer………………………

169

Development of low-pressure multi-wire drift chambers for BigRIPS and high-resolution beam line… ………

171

Development of Low-Pressure Multi-Wire Drift Chamber with Stripped Cathodes… …………………………

173

Performance evaluation of low-pressure multiwire drift chamber… ……………………………………………

175

Focal-Plane Detector for SHARAQ Spectrometer… ……………………………………………………………

177

Gas-filled recoil ion separator GARIS-II…………………………………………………………………………

179

Designing of ionization chamber for super-heavy elements… …………………………………………………

181

The Potential of a new LaBr3(Ce) Based γ-Ray Spectrometer for Fast-Beam Experiments at the RIBF… ……

182

Beta-counting systems for decay-spectroscopy projects…………………………………………………………

183

Beam test of double-sided silicon-strip detector for decay spectroscopy… ……………………………………

184

Development of thick solid hydrogen target… …………………………………………………………………

186

Parasitic production of slow RI-beam from a projectile fragment separator by ion guide Laser Ion
Source (PALIS)… ………………………………………………………………………………………………

187

A Portable Multi-Reflection Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrograph for SLOWRI… ………………………………

189

Development of an absolute laser frequency counting system… ………………………………………………

191

Development of fluorescence detection system for nuclear laser spectroscopy in He II…………………………

193

Production of polarized Ag atoms by optical pumping in superfluid helium… …………………………………

194“Hybrid-RF” sequence in β-NQR for Q-moment measurement of short-lived nuclei… ………………………

195

Online luminosity monitor for the SCRIT experiment… ………………………………………………………

196

Long-time measurement of fluctuation of magnetic field… ……………………………………………………

197

Network and Computing Environment for RIKEN Nishina Center… …………………………………………

198

RIBF DAQ for Day-one Experiments……………………………………………………………………………

199

PHENIX silicon vertex tracker project… ………………………………………………………………………

201

Spin physics capability with silicon vertex tracker for PHENIX… ……………………………………………

202

Silicon Pixel Detector for the PHENIX Vertex Tracker… ………………………………………………………

203

Development and production status of a fine-pitch and low-material-budget readout bus for the PHENIX
pixel detector… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

205

Development of quality assurance software for the silicon pixel ladder in the PHENIX Vertex Tracker… ……

207

Development of an encapsulation procedure for the first PHENIX pixel ladder in the production version… …

209

Implementation of charge sharing and clustering in simulator of PHENIX silicon vertex tracker………………

211

Beam test of the PHENIX silicon pixel detector for 120GeV proton……………………………………………

212

Performance test of silicon stripixel detector for PHENIX vertex tracker… ……………………………………

214

High Momentum Trigger Electronics Upgrade of PHENIX Muon Arms for Sea Quark Polarization

Measurement at RHIC……………………………………………………………………………………………

216

Development of the MuTRG-ADTX boards for the PHENIX muon trigger upgrade… ………………………

217

Development and evaluation of the MuTRG-MRG and DCMIF boards for the PHENIX muon trigger
upgrade……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

218

A fast, momentum sensitive muon Trigger for PHENIX using resistive plate counters…………………………

219

DAQ system Upgrade for optical alignment system of PHENIX Muon Tracker… ……………………………

221

CCJ Operation in 2007-2008… …………………………………………………………………………………

223

III. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES II (Material Science and Biology)
1. Atomic and Solid State Physics(ions)
Microdose damage observed in power MOSFETs with trench structures… ……………………………………

225

Structure of ePTFE irradiated with a 5 MeV/nucleon 14N beam…………………………………………………

226

Study of polymer reformed by ion-irradiation……………………………………………………………………

227

Site change of hydrogen in Nb due to interaction with oxygen… ………………………………………………

228

Development of a multi-coincidence SIMS analyzer for study on potential sputtering of solid surfaces
interacting with highly charged ions… …………………………………………………………………………

229

Ion Coulomb crystals in a cryogenic linear RF octupole ion trap… ……………………………………………

230

Excitation spectrum of In atoms in superfluid helium……………………………………………………………

231

2. Atomic and Solid State Physics(muon)
Installation of a new laser system for laser-irradiated pump-probe type μSR experiments at
RIKEN-RAL muon facility………………………………………………………………………………………

233

Muons for Spintronics: Spin Exchange Scattering of Muonium with Laser-Induced Polarized
Conduction Electrons in n-Type GaAs… ………………………………………………………………………

234

Discovery of Spin-Dependent Response of Negative Muonium (Mu-) to Laser Induced PolarizedElectrons in n-Type GaAs under Zero Field… …………………………………………………………………

235

Measurement of the Chemical Reaction Rate of Muonium with Stimulated Raman-Pumped H*2(v=1)…………

236

Progress in design and development of counter system for new μSR spectrometer at RIKEN-RAL……………

237

μSR study around a quantum critical point in heavy fermion compounds Ce2RhIn8-χSnχ… ……………………

238

On the exotic magnetic ground state in bond-disordered quantum spin system IPA-Cu(Cl,Br)3… ……………

239

Microscopic investigation of the crossover from impurity-induced order to pressure-induced order inTl(Cu1-χMgχ)Cl3 by muon-spin-rotation/relaxation………………………………………………………………

240

Quantum critical behavior in highly random systems Tl1-χKχCuCl3 probed by zero- and longitudinal-field
muon spin relaxation… …………………………………………………………………………………………

241

Changes of spin dynamics in multiferroic Tb1-χCaχMnO3… ……………………………………………………

242

μSR study of the spin-lattice cooperative phenomenon of RbCoBr3… …………………………………………

243

μSR studies on strongly correlated cubic Tm and Pr compounds with orbital degrees of freedom in the
crystal-field ground state…………………………………………………………………………………………

244

μSR study of heat transport due to spins in 2-leg spin-ladder system Ca9La5Cu24O41……………………………

245

μSR study of Heusler compounds Ru2-χFeχCrSi… ………………………………………………………………

246

Superconductivity in one-dimensional CuO double chains………………………………………………………

247

μSR study on ferromagnetism of rubidium clusters in zeolite A…………………………………………………

248

μSR Investigation of the Spin Dynamics of Central Fe Ions of Hemeproteins… ………………………………

249

Structural transition in Mo3Sb7 probed by muon spin relaxation…………………………………………………

250

Dynamics of Amorphous Polymers near Glass Transition by μSR………………………………………………

251

Muon spin rotation and relaxation on the one-dimensional cobalt(II)-radical coordination polymer magnet… …

252

Gas-Pressurized μSR Setup at the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility…………………………………………………

253

High pressure magnetic study on a molecular conductor, (DMe-DCNQI)2Cu… ………………………………

254

μSR Studies of Cyanide Bridged Magnets… ……………………………………………………………………

255

μSR study of structure dependent electron radical dynamics in polythiophene and its derivatives… …………

256

Lithium and muon diffusion in layered lithium-ion battery materials……………………………………………

257

Proton conductor II… ……………………………………………………………………………………………

258

Muon transfer studies in solid D2 with implanted alkali and alkaline-earth ions… ……………………………

259

Feasible study of molecular effects on the muon transfer process… ……………………………………………

260

Muon beam density enhancement effect with tapered tubes… …………………………………………………

261

3. Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry
Precision measurement of the half-life of 90mNb using a gas-jet transport system… ……………………………

263

Biodistribution of Riken multitracer (MT) and MT-EDTMP, MT-DOTMP in mice… …………………………

264

Cm target for GARIS… ……………………………………………………………

265

Rf for chemical studies using the gas-jet transport system coupled to GARIS…………………

266

Production of RI Tracers for chemistry of transactinide elements… ……………………………………………

267

Preparation of a rotating
Production of

261

248

Extraction of mendelevium (III) and lanthanides (III) from hydrochloric acid solutions to carbon
tetrachloride with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone… …………………………………………………………………

268

Studies on solvent extraction behavior of molybdenum and tungsten for solution chemistry of seaborgium(element 106)… …………………………………………………………………………………………………

269

Adsorption of Nb, Ta and Pa on anion-exchanger in HF/HNO3 solutions:Model experiments for thechemical study of Db… …………………………………………………………………………………………

270

Development of an electrochemistry apparatus for the heaviest elements………………………………………

271

4. Radiation Chemistry and Biology
Ion irradiation in a micro-volume of a cell with a micro beam system for cell irradiation using a taperedglass capillary with end-window…………………………………………………………………………………

273

γ-H2AX Foci Formation After Argon Beam Irradiation to the Cultured Animal Cell… ………………………

274

Trichostatin A facilitates the phosphorylation of histone H2AX after X-ray irradiation in normal humanfibroblast… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………

275

Cell-killing effect of low dose of high-LET heavy ions (II)… …………………………………………………

276

Carbon-ion induced mutation frequencies and spectra in double strand break repair-deficient mutants of
Neurospora crassa… ……………………………………………………………………………………………

277

Efficient visualization of microbial mutations using DNA two-dimensional electrophoresis display… ………

278

Characterization of floral homeotic mutant, Meshibedarake, induced by C-ion beam irradiation………………

279

Identification of deletion mutation induced by C-ion beam irradiation in a tobacco white flower mutant………

280

Expression analysis of anthocyanin-synthesis related genes in a torenia sector mutant produced by ion
beam irradiation… ………………………………………………………………………………………………

281

Reduced expression of flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxyrase gene in a red-flowered torenia mutant obtained byheavy-ion beam irradiation… ……………………………………………………………………………………

282

Characterization of the GA-synthesis deficient mutants produced by heavy-ion-irradiation……………………

283

Effect of the heavy-ion beam irradiation on survival rates and sex-reversal mutation in Silene latifolia… ……

284

LET-dependent effect of C-ion beam irradiation on mutation induction in Rice.… ……………………………

285

Isolation of C-ion induced mutants of strawberry cultivar "Satsumaotome"… …………………………………

286

An early flowering mutant of strawberry cultivar "Satsumaotome" induced by C-ion irradiation………………

287

Breeding of a new Japanese barnyard millet variety with low amylose content and short-culm, by
heavy-ion beam irradiation… ……………………………………………………………………………………

288

IV. OPERATION RECORDS
1. Operation of RIBF
Planning of RIBF operation………………………………………………………………………………………

289

PAC Meetings for Nuclear Physics, and Material and Life Science… …………………………………………

290

RILAC operation…………………………………………………………………………………………………

291

AVF operation……………………………………………………………………………………………………

293

Charged Distribution of Radioisotopes Produced at AVF Cyclotron… …………………………………………

295

The operations of the RIBF ring cyclotrons………………………………………………………………………

296

Status of RIBF control system and beam interlock system………………………………………………………

298

Water Cooling System of Accelerator for RIBF…………………………………………………………………

300

Radiation Safety Management at RIBF… ………………………………………………………………………

302

Radiation field measurement around BigRIPS with a uranium beam……………………………………………

304

Operation of Cryogenic System for the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron………………………………………

305

Oil contamination of the cryogenic system for SRC… …………………………………………………………

307

Present status of the BigRIPS cryogenic plant……………………………………………………………………

309

Present status of liquid-helium supply and recovery system… …………………………………………………

311

V. RECORDS OF LABORATORIES, GROUPS, AND TEAMS (Activities and Members)
Events of Nishina Center & CNS from Jan. 2008 to Mar. 2009…………………………………………………

313

Accelerator Division
Accelerator Development Group
Accelerator Team……………………………………………………………………………………………

314

Ion Source Team… …………………………………………………………………………………………

316

Accelerator Operation GroupRILAC Team… ……………………………………………………………………………………………

317

Cyclotron Team… …………………………………………………………………………………………

318

Beam Dynamics and Diagnostics Team… …………………………………………………………………

319

Cryogenic Technology Team… ……………………………………………………………………………

320

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Heavy Ion Nuclear Physics Laboratory… ……………………………………………………………………

321

Radioactive Isotope Laboratory… ……………………………………………………………………………

329

Superheavy Element Laboratory………………………………………………………………………………

333

Theoretical Nuclear Physics Laboratory………………………………………………………………………

335

Experimental Installations Development GroupSLOWRI Team………………………………………………………………………………………………

339

SAMURAI Team……………………………………………………………………………………………

342

Polarized RI Beam Team……………………………………………………………………………………

343

Rare RI-ring Team… ………………………………………………………………………………………

345

SCRIT Team…………………………………………………………………………………………………

347

Experimental Installations Operation GroupGARIS Team… ……………………………………………………………………………………………

348

BigRIPS Team………………………………………………………………………………………………

349

Computing and Network Team… …………………………………………………………………………

351

Detector Team………………………………………………………………………………………………

352

User Liaison and Support Division
User Liaison and Support Group
User Support Office…………………………………………………………………………………………

354

Industrial Cooperation Team… ……………………………………………………………………………

355

Sub Nuclear System Research Division
Radiation Laboratory… ………………………………………………………………………………………

356

Advanced Meson Science Laboratory…………………………………………………………………………

362

Theoretical Physics Laboratory… ……………………………………………………………………………

369

Strangeness nuclear physics Laboratory………………………………………………………………………

373

Accelerator Applications Research Division
Accelerator Applications Research Group
Radiation Biology Team… …………………………………………………………………………………

374

RI Applications Team… ……………………………………………………………………………………

377

Safety Management Group… ……………………………………………………………………………………

379

RIKEN-BNL Research Center
Theory Group… ………………………………………………………………………………………………

381

Experimental Group……………………………………………………………………………………………

384

Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo.… ………………………………

388

TORIJIN (Todai-RIKEN Joint International Program for Nuclear Physics) Term………………………………

392

VI. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS & PRESENTATION… ……………………………………………………………

393

VII. LIST OF PREPRINTS… …………………………………………………………………………………………

529

VIII. LIST OF SYMPOSIA………………………………………………………………………………………………

531

IX. LIST OF SEMINAR… ……………………………………………………………………………………………

535

X. AUTHOR INDEX

I. PREFACERIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

PrefaceThis volume No. 42 of RIKEN Accelerator Progress
Report compiles the yearly research activities conducted in2008 by the laboratories and the groups of RIKEN Nishina
Center for Accelerator-Based Science, or simply RIKEN
Nishina Center (RNC) which was inaugurated on April 1,
2006. It also contains progress reports submitted by users of
RI Beam Factory (RIBF) and RIKEN-RAL (Rutherford andAppleton Laboratory, UK) Muon Facility (RRMF) which isoperated by RNC, and is open to the international
community.

oil-contaminated parts, and improved oil elimination
capacity by adding more oil eliminators, all free of cost.
Now the refrigerators are working very stably.
Our GARIS group performed an excellent experiment tofirmly establish the evidence of their discovery of the newsuper heavy element 113 in 2004. They studied decay
properties of an isotope 266Bh and its daughter nucleus 262Db
produced by the 248Cm (23Na, 5n) reaction. 266Bh was clearly
identified from the correlation of the known nuclide 262Db.
The obtained D energies and the mean life of 266Bh areconsistent with those observed in the 278113. The paper was
published in the JPSJ and sent to the chairperson of the joint
working team of the IUPAC and IUPAP. We are looking
forward to the confirmation of our right to name the newelement 113. I personally prefer Japonium Jp. The GARIS
group also discovered a new neutron deficient isotope of263
Hs by two different reactions of 206Pb (58Fe, n) and 208Pb
56( Fe, n).
In November 4-5, RRMF Advisory Council consisting of
7 members chaired by Prof. A. Taylor, director of ISIS,
facility was held in the RIBF building. The followings are
the digest of their conclusions and recommendations: theRRMF provides unique instruments which serve a dynamic
user community and produce excellent science; condensed
matter and molecular science and ultra-slow muon source
development should be prioritized; the council recommends
extension of the RIKEN-RAL agreement beyond 2010 by atleast another 7½ years to 2018.
In November 17-18, RBRC-SRC (RIKEN BNL ResearchCenter Scientific Review Committee) consisting of 6
members chaired by Prof. W. Busza, MIT was held at BNL.
The followings are the digest of their conclusions andrecommendations: the physics issues addressed by the
RBRC are among the most important in sub-nuclear physics,
the results obtained to date are highly significant and of longterm value; a major strength of the RBRC research programis its focus on one broad topic, QCD; its experimental
program and theory program including the latticecomputation program are all aimed at understanding thestructure and properties of QCD matter; and that there isgood reason to believe that prospects are there for the
RBRC to continue being a highly successful scientificenterprise with potential for major scientific discoveries.
Nishina Center Advisory Council consisting of 14
members including Prof. A. Taylor, Prof. W. Busza chairedby Prof. S. Gales, director of GANIL will be held on
January 15-17. Prof. Gales will report on the review whenattending RIKEN Advisory Council (RAC) in April.

The outstanding achievements of this year are selected by
the editorial committee, and presented in “Frontispiece” and“Highlights of the Year”.
The RIBF project has made some amazing progress, andthe RIBF is exhibiting its tremendous potentiality of RI
beam production.
In December, with the Zero Degree Spectrometer (ZDS)
which was successfully commissioned in November, thefirst PAC-approved day-1 experiments were performed.
Twenty kinds of new very neutron-rich isotopes in theatomic-number range from 29 to 53 as well as more than ten
kinds of new neutron-rich short-lived isomers werediscovered among fission products of 345MeV/u 238U. Thisoutcome was achieved in only ten days owing to thesignificant improvement in the intensity and stability of the
primary 238U beam, the intensity of which was 0.3 pnA. It
was an order of magnitude stronger than in the 2007
experiment but remains yet as weak as a part of 3,300 of its
goal. Among those newly discovered isotopes, 128Pd, which
is more neutron-rich than 125, 126Pd discovered last year, isremarkable because we have reached neutron-magic nuclidein Pd isotopes for the first time, and it may probably be oneof the origin nuclides in the second r-process peak of thesolar isotope abundance. It is anticipated that its mass andlife-time will be measured precisely using our state of theart experimental installations in the near future.
We have achieved the intensity of 345 MeV/u 48Ca beamof 170 pnA, nearly one fifth of its maximum intensity goal
to the wonder and the admiration of the foreign veteranexperimentalists. This world’s strongest 48Ca beam has led
to the discovery of new neutron-hallow nuclides as well as a
new very largely deformed nuclide in spite of a very shortmachine time allocation.
At the same time, 2008 was the year of long, hard struggle
for RIBF with a major machine trouble in the helium
refrigerators for the SRC and the BigRIPS. These
refrigerators were heavily oil-contaminated due to the weak
oil elimination power of their oil-driven helium gas
compressors. Our cryogenic group persistently negotiatedwith the manufacturer, and in the end they admitted serious
defects in their system. Thus the manufacturer repaired all

Yasushige Yano
Director,
RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science-1-Organization㪘㪺㪺㪼㫃㪼㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪘㪺㪺㪼㫃㪼㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷㪛㪼㫍㪼㫃㫆㫇㫄㪼㫅㫋㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩
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㪠㫆㫅㩷㪪㫆㫌㫉㪺㪼㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪫㪸㫂㪸㪿㫀㪻㪼㩷㪥㪸㫂㪸㪾㪸㫎㪸 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪩㪠㪣㪘㪚㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪘㪺㪺㪼㫃㪼㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷㪛㫀㫍㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㪜㫀㫁㫀㩷㪠㫂㪼㫑㪸㫎㪸㪦㫊㪸㫄㫌㩷㪢㪸㫄㫀㪾㪸㫀㫋㫆㩷䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪚㫐㪺㫃㫆㫋㫉㫆㫅㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪘㪺㪺㪼㫃㪼㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷㪦㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇㪤㪸㫊㪸㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷㪢㪸㫊㪼㪥㪸㫉㫌㪿㫀㫂㫆㩷㪪㪸㫂㪸㫄㫆㫋㫆 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪙㪼㪸㫄㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪥㫆㪹㫌㪿㫀㫊㪸㩷㪝㫌㫂㫌㫅㫀㫊㪿㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪚㫉㫐㫆㪾㪼㫅㫀㪺㩷㪫㪼㪺㪿㫅㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪟㫀㫉㫆㫂㫀㩷㪦㫂㫌㫅㫆䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪟㪼㪸㫍㫐㩷㪠㫆㫅㩷㪥㫌㪺㫃㪼㪸㫉㪧㪿㫐㫊㫀㪺㫊㩷㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪫㫆㪿㫉㫌㩷㪤㫆㫋㫆㪹㪸㫐㪸㫊㪿㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪩㪸㪻㫀㫆㪸㪺㫋㫀㫍㪼㩷㪠㫊㫆㫋㫆㫇㪼㪧㪿㫐㫊㫀㪺㫊㩷㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪟㫀㫉㫆㫐㫆㫊㪿㫀㩷㪪㪸㫂㫌㫉㪸㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪧㫉㪼㫊㫀㪻㪼㫅㫋㩷㪩㪠㪢㪜㪥㪩㫐㫆㫁㫀㩷㪥㫆㫐㫆㫉㫀㪪㫌㫇㪼㫉㪿㪼㪸㫍㫐㩷㪜㫃㪼㫄㪼㫅㫋㩷㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪢㫆㫊㫌㫂㪼㩷㪤㫆㫉㫀㫋㪸䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪫㪿㪼㫆㫉㪼㫋㫀㪺㪸㫃㩷㪥㫌㪺㫃㪼㪸㫉㪧㪿㫐㫊㫀㪺㫊㩷㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪫㪸㫂㪸㫊㪿㫀㩷㪥㪸㫂㪸㫋㫊㫌㫂㪸㫊㪸 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪥㫌㪺㫃㪼㪸㫉㩷㪧㪿㫐㫊㫀㪺㫊㪩㪼㫊㪼㪸㫉㪺㪿㩷㪛㫀㫍㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㪟㫀㫉㫆㫐㫆㫊㪿㫀㩷㪪㪸㫂㫌㫉㪸㫀㩷䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪪㪣㪦㪮㪩㪠㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪤㪸㫊㪸㫅㫆㫉㫀㩷㪮㪸㫂㪸㫊㫌㪾㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪪㪘㪤㪬㪩㪘㪠㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪛㫀㫉㪼㪺㫋㫆㫉㩷㪩㪠㪢㪜㪥㩷㪮㪘㪢㪦㪠㫅㫊㫋㫀㫋㫌㫋㪼㪫㫆㫊㪿㫀㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷㪢㫌㪹㫆㪰㫆㫊㪿㫀㪿㪸㫉㫌㩷㪛㫆㫀㪜㫏㫇㪼㫉㫀㫄㪼㫅㫋㪸㫃㩷㪠㫅㫊㫋㪸㫃㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㪛㪼㫍㪼㫃㫆㫇㫄㪼㫅㫋㩷㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇㪤㪸㫊㪸㫅㫆㫉㫀㩷㪮㪸㫂㪸㫊㫌㪾㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪧㫆㫃㪸㫉㫀㫑㪼㪻㩷㪩㪠㩷㪙㪼㪸㫄㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪤㪸㫊㪸㫅㫆㫉㫀㩷㪮㪸㫂㪸㫊㫌㪾㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪩㪸㫉㪼㩷㪩㪠㪄㫉㫀㫅㪾㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪤㪸㫊㪸㫅㫆㫉㫀㩷㪮㪸㫂㪸㫊㫌㪾㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪪㪚㪩㪠㪫㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪤㪸㫊㪸㫅㫆㫉㫀㩷㪮㪸㫂㪸㫊㫌㪾㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪞㪘㪩㪠㪪㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪢㫆㫁㫀㩷㪤㫆㫉㫀㫄㫆㫋㫆㪥㫀㫊㪿㫀㫅㪸㩷㪚㪼㫅㫋㪼㫉㩷㪽㫆㫉㪘㪺㪺㪼㫃㪼㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㪄㪙㪸㫊㪼㪻㩷㪪㪺㫀㪼㫅㪺㪼㪤㪸㫊㪸㫐㪸㫊㫌㩷㪠㫊㪿㫀㪿㪸㫉㪸䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪜㫏㫇㪼㫉㫀㫄㪼㫅㫋㪸㫃㩷㪠㫅㫊㫋㪸㫃㫃㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㪦㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇㪫㫆㫊㪿㫀㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷㪢㫌㪹㫆㪫㫆㫊㪿㫀㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷㪢㫌㪹㫆㪚㫆㫄㫇㫌㫋㫀㫅㪾㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪥㪼㫋㫎㫆㫉㫂㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪛㫀㫉㪼㪺㫋㫆㫉㪑㪰㪸㫊㫌㫊㪿㫀㪾㪼㩷㪰㪸㫅㫆䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪙㫀㪾㪩㪠㪧㪪㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪪㪼㫅㫀㫆㫉㩷㪘㪻㫍㫀㫊㫆㫉㪫㪸㫂㪸㫊㪿㫀㩷㪠㪺㪿㫀㪿㪸㫉㪸㩷㪘㪻㫍㫀㫊㫆㫉㫐㩷㪚㫆㫌㫅㪺㫀㫃䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪛㪼㫋㪼㪺㫋㫆㫉㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪛㪼㫇㫌㫋㫐㩷㪛㫀㫉㪼㪺㫋㫆㫉㪑㪟㫀㪻㪼㫋㫆㩷㪜㫅㩾㫐㫆䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪫㫆㫊㪿㫀㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷㪢㫌㪹㫆㪚㫆㫆㫉㪻㫀㫅㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪚㫆㫄㫄㫀㫋㫋㪼㪼㪪㪺㫀㪼㫅㫋㫀㪽㫀㪺㩷㪧㫆㫃㫀㪺㫐㩷㪚㫆㫄㫄㫀㫋㫋㪼㪼㪬㫊㪼㫉㩷㪪㫌㫇㫇㫆㫉㫋㩷㪦㪽㪽㫀㪺㪼㪫㫆㫊㪿㫀㫄㫀㩷㪪㫌㪻㪸㪧㫉㫆㪾㫉㪸㫄㩷㪘㪻㫍㫀㫊㫆㫉㫐㩷㪚㫆㫄㫄㫀㫋㫋㪼㪼䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪬㫊㪼㫉㩷㪣㫀㪸㫀㫊㫆㫅㩷㪸㫅㪻㪪㫌㫇㫇㫆㫉㫋㩷㪛㫀㫍㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㪫㫆㪿㫉㫌㩷㪤㫆㫋㫆㪹㪸㫐㪸㫊㪿㫀㩷䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪬㫊㪼㫉㩷㪣㫀㪸㫀㫊㫆㫅㩷㪸㫅㪻㪪㫌㫇㫇㫆㫉㫋㩷㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩
㪫㫆㫊㪿㫀㫄㫀㩷㪪㫌㪻㪸㪪㪸㪽㪼㫋㫐㩷㪩㪼㫍㫀㪼㫎㩷㪚㫆㫄㫄㫀㫋㫋㪼㪼䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㪜㫏㫇㪼㫉㫀㫄㪼㫅㫋㩷㪪㫌㫇㫇㫆㫉㫋㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪤㪸㫊㪸㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷㪢㪸㫊㪼㪠㫅㪻㫌㫊㫋㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㪚㫆㫆㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪫㪸㪻㪸㫊㪿㫀㩷㪢㪸㫄㪹㪸㫉㪸 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪤㪸㪺㪿㫀㫅㪼㩷㪫㫀㫄㪼㩷㪚㫆㫄㫄㫀㫋㫋㪼㪼㪩㪸㪻㫀㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪪㫌㪹㩷㪥㫌㪺㫃㪼㪸㫉㩷㪪㫐㫊㫋㪼㫄㪩㪼㫊㪼㪸㫉㪺㪿㩷㪛㫀㫍㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㪤㪸㫊㪸㪿㫀㫂㫆㩷㪠㫎㪸㫊㪸㫂㫀㩷䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩
㪟㫀㪻㪼㫋㫆㩷㪜㫅㩾㫐㫆㪘㪻㫍㪸㫅㪺㪼㪻㩷㪤㪼㫊㫆㫅㩷㪪㪺㫀㪼㫅㪺㪼㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪤㪸㫊㪸㪿㫀㫂㫆㩷㪠㫎㪸㫊㪸㫂㫀 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪫㪿㪼㫆㫉㪼㫋㫀㪺㪸㫃㩷㪧㪿㫐㫊㫀㪺㫊㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩
㪟㫀㫂㪸㫉㫌㩷㪢㪸㫎㪸㫀㪪㫋㫉㪸㫅㪾㪼㫅㪼㫊㫊㩷㪥㫌㪺㫃㪼㪸㫉㩷㪧㪿㫐㫊㫀㪺㫊㪣㪸㪹㫆㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㫐㪜㫄㫀㫂㫆㩷㪟㫀㫐㪸㫄㪸 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪩㪸㪻㫀㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪙㫀㫆㫃㫆㪾㫐㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪘㪺㪺㪼㫃㪼㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷㪘㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㪩㪼㫊㪼㪸㫉㪺㪿㩷㪛㫀㫍㫀㫊㫀㫆㫅㪤㪸㫊㪸㪿㫀㫂㫆㩷㪠㫎㪸㫊㪸㫂㫀㩷䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪘㪺㪺㪼㫃㪼㫉㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷㪘㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㪩㪼㫊㪼㪸㫉㪺㪿㩷㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩
㪫㪸㪻㪸㫊㪿㫀㩷㪢㪸㫄㪹㪸㫉㪸㪫㫆㫄㫆㫂㫆㩷㪘㪹㪼䋨㪛㪅㪘㪾㫉䋩

㪩㪠㩷㪘㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㫊㩷㪫㪼㪸㫄㪫㪸㪻㪸㫊㪿㫀㩷㪢㪸㫄㪹㪸㫉㪸 䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩㪪㪸㪽㪼㫋㫐㩷㪤㪸㫅㪸㪾㪼㫄㪼㫅㫋㩷㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇㪰㫆㫊㪿㫀㫋㫆㫄㫆㩷㪬㫎㪸㫄㫀㫅㫆 䋨㪛㪅㪜㫅㪾䋩㪫㪿㪼㫆㫉㫐㩷㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇㪩㪠㪢㪜㪥㩷㪙㪥㪣㪩㪼㫊㪼㪸㫉㪺㪿㩷㪚㪼㫅㫋㪼㫉㪥㫀㪺㪿㫆㫃㪸㫊㩷㪧㪅㩷㪪㪸㫄㫀㫆㫊㩷䋨㪧㪿㪅㪛䋩㪣㪸㫉㫉㫐㩷㪤㪺㫃㪼㫉㫉㪸㫅㪜㫏㫇㪼㫉㫀㫄㪼㫅㫋㪸㫃㩷㪞㫉㫆㫌㫇㪰㪸㫊㫌㫐㫌㫂㫀㩷㪘㫂㫀㪹㪸㪩㪠㪢㪜㪥㩷㪝㪸㪺㫀㫃㫀㫋㫐㩷㪦㪽㪽㫀㪺㪼㪸㫋㩷㪩㪘㪣
㪫㪼㫀㫀㪺㪿㫀㫉㫆㩷㪤㪸㫋㫊㫌㫑㪸㫂㫀㩷䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩-2-䋨㪧㪿㪅㪛䋩

䋨㪛㪅㪪㪺㫀䋩

㩷

II. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES I(Nuclear-Particle Physics)

1.

Nuclear Physics

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)2009)

γ Spectroscopy beyond the Island of Inversion
H. Scheit, N. Aoi, H. Baba, D. Bazin,1 P. Doornenbal, N. Fukuda, H. Geissel,2 R. Gernhäuser,3 J. Gibelin,4Y. Hara,5 C. Hinke,3 N. Inabe, K. Itahashi, S. Itoh,6 D. Kameda, S. Kanno, Y. Kawada,7 N. Kobayashi,7
Y. Kondo, R. Krücken,3 T. Kubo, K. Kusaka, K. Li,8 S. Michimasa,9 T. Motobayashi, T. Nakamura,7
T. Nakao,6 S. Nishimura, T. Ohnishi, M. Ohtake, N. Orr,4 H. Otsu, H. Sakurai, Y. Satou,7 S. Shimoura,9T. Sumikama,10 H. Takeda, E. Takeshita, S. Takeuchi, K. N. Tanaka,7 K. Tanaka, Y. Togano, H. Wang,7
M. Winkler,2 Y. Yanagisawa, K. Yoneda, A. Yoshida, and K. Yoshida[Nuclear structure, Island of Inversion, neutron-rich nuclei, in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy]
Despite strong theoretical and experimental interestin the rapid nuclear structure changes in and near
the Island of Inversion no spectroscopic information
is available on the low-lying states of even-even Ne
and Mg isotopes beyond neutron number 20 and
24, respectively, and reduced transition probabilities,+
B(E2; 0+gs → 21 ) values, are only known up to neutron numbers 18 and 22, respectively. This is due
to inadequate intensities of beams of these nuclei atpresently operating radioactive nuclear beam facilities.
This situation has changed with the commissioning of
the RIBF, where very intense and high-energy secondary beams can be exploited to study nuclei thathave so far been inaccessible.
The ﬁrst in-beam γ spectroscopic study, demonstrating the potential of the new facility, has been performed in December 2008. A primary 48 Ca beam withan average intensity of about 150 particle nA and an
energy of 345 MeV/u was impinging on a 20 mm (3.7g/cm2 ) thick rotating Be target located at the F0 focusof the BigRIPS1) fragment separator. The produced
secondary beams were separated using the standard
Bρ–∆E–Bρ method employing a 15 mm thick wedge
shaped Al degrader at the F1 dispersive focus of the
BigRIPS separator. The momentum acceptance was±3%. The beam particles were identiﬁed event-byevent using the standard ∆E–TOF–Bρ method. The
time of ﬂight (TOF) was measured between two thin (1mm and 3 mm) plastic scintillators located at the F3
and F7 achromatic foci (separated by a ﬂight path ofabout 47 m), the energy-loss was determined with an
ion-chamber2 also located at the F7 achromatic focus
and the Bρ was deduced from a position measurement
at the dispersive F5 focus of BigRIPS. The ﬁgure shows
the charge number Z versus the ratio of mass number
to charge number A/Q. An excellent charge number
and mass number resolution was observed. The location of 32 Ne is indicated in the ﬁgure.

12
Z
Charge Number
Z

3

10
11

102

10

9

8

10
2.9

3

3.1

3.2

A/Q
Ratio of Mass to Charge
Numbers A/Q

Fig. 1: Shown is the deduced charge number (Z) versus theratio of mass number to charge number (A/Q) before thesecondary target. 32 Ne is indicated.

These secondary beams were then transported to theF8 secondary target position where a spot size of about
13 × 17 mm2 (FWHM) was realized. To induce inelastic excitations a 14.1 mm (2.54 g/cm2 ) thick (natural)carbon target was used. The secondary 32 Ne beamwith an intensity of about 5 particles/s had an energy of about 225 MeV/u at the center of the secondary target. The emitted de-excitation γ rays weredetected by the DALI2 γ spectrometer3 with a fullenergy peak eﬃciency of about 20% and an expected
resolution after correcting the large Doppler shift ofabout 10% for a 1 MeV γ transition. For the particle identiﬁcation and track reconstruction after thesecondary target the newly commissioned Zero Degree
Spectrometer (ZDS) was employed, which had an acceptance of about 80% for elastically scattered 32 Ne.
As before, the ∆E–TOF–Bρ method was applied tounambiguously identify the particles event by event.
After a total measuring time of only 7 hours a γ transition in 32 Ne could be clearly identiﬁed not only after
inelastic excitation, but also after one proton removalfrom 33 Na. The data are currently under analysis.
This constitutes the ﬁrst observation of a new γtransition in an in-beam experiment at the RIBF anddemonstrates the great potential it oﬀers for nuclear
structure research in general and γ ray spectroscopy inparticular. This measurement campaign will be continued in the fall of 2009, when the full intensity of the48
Ca beam can be utilized.
1) T. Kubo et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 204, 97 (2003)
2) H. Otsu, M. Takechi et al., this report
3) S. Takeuchi et al., RIKEN Acc. Rep. 36, 148 (2003)

NSCL, Michigan, USA
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany∗3 Tech. Univ. München, Germany∗4 LPC Caen, France∗5 Department of Physics, Rikkyo University∗6 Department of Physics, University of Tokyo∗7 Department of physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology∗8 Peking University, China∗9 Center for Nuclear Study, The Univ. of Tokyo∗10 Tokyo University of Science

∗1
∗2

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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Inclusive Coulomb breakup of 22 C and 31 Ne
T. Nakamura,∗1 N. Kobayashi,∗1 Y. Kondo, N. Aoi, H. Baba, S. Deguchi,∗1 N. Fukuda, J. Gibelin,∗2 N. Inabe,
M. Ishihara, D. Kameda, Y. Kawada,∗1 T. Kubo, K. Kusaka, A. Mengoni,∗3 T. Motobayashi, T. Ohnishi,
M. Ohtake, H. Otsu, N.A. Orr,∗2 A. Saito,∗4 S. Shimoura,∗4 H. Sakurai, Y. Satou,∗1 T. Sumikama,∗5
M. Takechi, H. Takeda, E. Takeshita, S. Takeuchi, K.N. Tanaka,∗1 K. Tanaka, N. Tanaka,∗1 Y. Togano,
Y. Yanagisawa, K. Yoneda, A. Yoshida and K. Yoshida[Halo nuclei, Coulomb breakup]
at low energy is magnified by the photon numbers.
Namely, the B(E1) at excitation energies EX ∼1 MeV
alone can contribute to the cross section by an amountof more than 500 mb.
The experiment was performed as one of a series ofexperiments called ”Day-One Campaign” at RI beamfactory (RIBF) at RIKEN. The 22 C and 31 Ne secondary beams were produced through the projectile
fragmentation of 48 Ca beam at 345 MeV/nucleon ona thick Be target. Typical 48 Ca beam intensity was
60 pnA. The secondary beams were separated and focused upon the end point F8 of BigRIPS9,10) , where
the secondary targets of lead (3.37 g/cm2 for 31 Ne and6.74 g/cm2 for 22 C) and carbon(2.54 g/cm2 for 31 Ne
and 4.02 g/cm2 for 22 C) were installed. The mean energy of the 22 C and 31 Ne beams in the Pb target were
230 MeV/u and 234 MeV/u with a typical intensityof 6 cps and 5 cps respectively. Note that these secondary beam intensities are about 103 –104 times morethan those previously obtained11) .
For extracting the 1n(2n) removal cross sections of31
Ne(22 C), the beam particle incident on the target,
and the fragment particle following the breakup wereidentified and counted event by event. For the beam
particle, the TOF between F3 and F7 (achromaticfoci), ∆E at F7, and position information at F5 (dispersive focus) were combined to determine A and Z of
the particle. The fragment particle was analyzed andidentified by the Zero-degree spectrometer(ZDS). The
configuration of BigRIPS/ZDS can be seen in Fig. 1of Ref.10) . The off-line analysis for extracting the
Coulomb breakup cross sections for 31 Ne and 22 C is
now in progress.

Soft E1 excitation is an unique property of halo nuclei. This property, in turn can be applied to search
for a halo state by measuring such an enhancementof E1 reduced transition probability B(E1). As has
been done for a number of halo nuclei 1–5) , Coulomb
breakup is a suitable tool for this purpose.
Present work aims at identifying new halo nuclei inthe neutron-drip line region of C and Ne isotopes by
the Coulomb breakup. The candidate nuclei we havechosen are 22 C and 31 Ne, which are heavier than theheaviest known neutron halo nucleus 19 C. This work
can be a key to understand how the halo nuclei arelocated along the neutron drip line towards heavier
nuclei. 22 C is a Borromean nucleus where the two body
constituents 21 C nor nn system are unbound, with theestimated 2n separation energy of only 419(935) keV6) .
On the other hand, 31 Ne can be composed of the 30 Ne
core coupled to the loosely bound p-orbit neutron7) as
the estimated 1n separation energy is only 332(1069)
keV. The inversion of conventional shell order of 0f7/2
and 1p3/2 can be attributed to the deformation andloosely bound nature8) .
The present experiment used the inclusive Coulomb
breakup where we measured the 1n(2n) removal crosssections of 31 Ne(22 C) on Pb target. Although the best
way to study soft E1 excitation is the direct observation of B(E1) energy spectrum by the exclusive fullkinematical measurement, we have performed an inclusive measurement instead as the latter yield is muchlarger than the former one. We also measured the same
reaction on C target to evaluate the nuclear breakup
component in the reaction on the Pb target
The inclusive measurement already provides a significant signal for an enhancement of E1 strength atlow excitation energies if a nucleus has a neutron halo.
This can be easily seen by the fact that the inclusive
Coulomb breakup cross section is written as an energy
integral of the B(E1) multiplied by the E1 virtual photon number(NE1 (EX )). Since NE1 (EX ) is a steep decreasing function of EX , the enhancement of B(E1)
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

References
1) T. Kobayashi et al.: Phys. Lett. B 232, 51 (1989).
2) T. Nakamura et al.: Phys. Lett. B 331, 246 (1994).
3) T. Nakamura et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 1112 (1999).
4) N. Fukuda et al.:, Phys. Rev. C 70, 054606 (2004).
5) T. Nakamura et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 252502 (2006).
6) G. Audi et al.: Nucl. Phys. A 729, 337 (2003).
7) REN Zhong-Zhou et al.: Commun. Theor. Phys. 35,
717 (2001).
8) I. Hamamoto, Phys. Rev. C 69, 041306(R) (2004).
9) T. Kubo: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B
204, 97 (2003).
10) T. Ohnishi et al.: J. Phys. Soc. 77, 083201 (2008).
11) H. Sakurai et al.: Phys. Rev. C 54, 2802(R) (1996).

Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
LPC-ENSICAEN, IN2P3-CNRS et Université de Caen,
FranceInternational Atomic Energy Agency, NAPC/Nuclear Data
Section, Austria
CNS, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science

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1

㩷
㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)
㪅㩷

Measurement of interaction cross sections for neutron rich Ne Isotopes

T. Ohtsubo䋪1, M. Takechi, M. Fukuda䋪2, T. Kuboki䋪3, T. Moriguchi䋪4, T. Sumikama䋪5, H. Geissel䋪6, S. Momota䋪7,
N. Aoi, N. Fukuda, I. Hachiuma䋪3, N. Inabe, Y. Ishibashi䋪4, Y. Itoh䋪4, D. Kameda, K. Kusaka, M. Lantz, M. Mihara䋪2,
Y. Miyashita䋪5, K. Namihira䋪3, D. Nishimura䋪2, H. Ohishi䋪4, Y. Ohkuma䋪1, T. Ohnishi, M. Ohtake, K. Ogawa䋪4,
A. Ozawa䋪4, Y. Shimbara䋪1, T. Suda, S. Suzuki䋪1, T. Suzuki䋪3, H. Takeda, K. Tanaka, R. Watanabe䋪1, M. Winkler䋪6,
T. Yamaguchi䋪3, Y. Yanagisawa Y. Yasuda䋪4, K. Yoshinaga䋪5, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida, and T. Kubo
䌛BigRIPS, reaction cross section, nuclear structure, unstable nuclei䌝Measurement of interaction cross sections (VI) with fast
radioactive isotope beams at relativistic energies allows us
to determine nuclear matter radii (<rm2>1/2) for the unstable
nuclei via Glauber model analysis. The formation of aneutron halo in heavier Ne isotopes, where a level inversionof the 1f-2p orbitals is predicted 2), is expected. Evidence ofthick neutron skin in neighboring 20N has also attracted ourinterest 3). The low production rate, however, has so far
prevented measuring their VI. The combination of a highintensity primary beam and the next generation fragment
separator (BigRIPS) 4) has made such nuclei accessible.
Therefore, we have measured VI of neutron rich neon
isotopes 29-32Ne as well as those in the region of the islandof inversion at 250 MeV/nucleon to determine <rm2>1/2 ofthose nuclei.
A schematic drawing of the experimental setup is shownin Fig. 1. The setup is essentially the same as that of ourprevious experiment at GSI 5). We employed thetransmission method to measure VI. A primary beam of 345
MeV/nucleon 48Ca with an intensity of 100 pnA bombarded
a Be production target at F0. Produced fragments werepre-separated at the first stage of BigRIPS. The Al
wedge-shaped degrader was placed at F1. A 3.6 g/cm2 thickcarbon target was located at F5. The first (F3-F5) andsecond (F5-F7) halves of the second stage of BigRIPS wereused to identify the incident and outgoing secondary beams
with the BU - 'E -TOF method, respectively. We used thestandard detectors 6) at F3, F5 and F7. We replaced standard
plastic scintillators with wider ones (240㬍100 mm) with
1mm and 3mm thicknesses at F5 and F7, respectively.
These scintillation detectors provided both TOF and 'E
information.
An example of a particle identification plot is displayed
32
Ne intensity was around 5 cps. We
in Fig. 2.
accumulated roughly 5 㬍 104 events of 32Ne, whichcorresponds to 1 % accuracy in VI. The data analysis todetermine VI is now under way.

reaction target
48Ca 345MeV/u

Be target

Nin

Nout

29-32Ne ~250MeV/u

wedge
degrader
F3

F5

F7
IC

PPAC

Plastic Scintillator

Reaction target (Carbon)

Fig. 1 Experimental setup at BigRIPS. Particle
identification of incident and outgoing particles was
performed by the BU-'E-TOF method with particle
detectors at F3, F5 and F7.

Fig. 2 Typical TOF-'E spectrum for the second stage ofBigRIPS.
References
1) A. Ozawa, T. Suzuki and I. Tanihata: Nucl. Phys. A 693, 32(2001).
2) W. Pöschl, D. Vretenar et al: Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3841 (1996), J.
Meng et al.: Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 57, 470 (2006).
3) O.V. Bochkarev, et al.: Eur. Phys. J. A 1, 15 (1998).
4) T. Kubo: Nucl. Instr. & Methods B 204, 97 (2003).
5) T. Yamaguchi et al.: Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315 (2008).
6) T. Ohnishi et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Japan 77, 083201 (2008).

䋪1

Graduate School of Science, Niigata University
Department of Physics, Osaka University
䋪3
Department of Physics, Saitama University
䋪4
Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba
䋪5Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science䋪6
GSI, Germany
䋪7
Faculty of Engineering, Kochi University of Technology
䋪2-5-

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Angular distributions for low-lying states in the 32 Mg(p, p ) reaction
S. Takeuchi, N. Aoi, H. Baba,∗1 T. Fukui,∗2 Y. Hashimoto,∗3 K. Ieki,∗4 N. Imai,∗5 H. Iwasaki,∗6 S. Kanno,
Y. Kondo, T. Kubo, K. Kurita,∗4 T. Minemura,∗5 T. Motobayashi, T. Nakabayashi,∗3 T. Nakamura,∗3
T. Okumura,∗3 T. K. Onishi,∗6 S. Ota,∗2 H. Sakurai, S. Shimoura,∗1 R. Sugou,∗4 D. Suzuki,∗6 H. Suzuki,
M. K. Suzuki,∗6 M. Takashina,∗7 E. Takeshita, M. Tamaki,∗1 K. Tanaka, Y. Togano, and K. Yamada

Proton inelastic scattering on the neutron-rich nucleus 32 Mg has been experimentally studied at Elab =46.5 MeV/nucleon in inverse kinematics.1,2) The energies of excited states in 32 Mg were obtained by measuring de-excitation γ rays. Five new states were identified by γ-γ coincidence analysis as shown in Fig. 1.
Measured angular distributions of the scattered 32 Mg
suggest ∆L = 2 and 4 for the excitation to the 885- and2321-keV state, respectively, as reported in Ref1,2) . For
other excited states, angular distributions were also
obtained in the present experiment. Cross sections of
excitations to the 5167- and 5204-keV states are foundto be 2.9(4) and 2.7(4) mb, which are relatively larger
than other states. In the present study, angular distributions were analyzed by DWBA calculations using
ECIS97 code3) .
Figure 2 shows measured angular distributions of
the excitation to the 5167- and 5204-keV states indicated by dots with statistical error-bars, and calculated curves indicated by solid, dashed, dotted-dash,and dotted curves representing transferred angular momentum (∆L) of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. DWBA
calculations were examined using KD02 optical potential4) assuming the one-phonon excitation in the harmonic vibrational model. In the calculations, eachcurve was normalized to the measured cross section,
adjusting amplitude parameter βλ . Comparing witheach reduced-χ2 value for each excited state, candidates of spins were J = 2 and 3.
Angular distributions of the 5167- and 5204-keV
states are similar to each other. Considering the uncertainty of the γ-ray energy determination, there is apossibility of the same excited state for the 5167- and5204-keV states. Assuming the one excited state instead of the 5167- and 5204-keV states, the excitationenergy could be 5186(28) keV and the cross sectionis 5.6 mb which is larger than the one of the 2321keV state (3.7(6) mb). Possible spin assignment for
the 5187-keV state may be J of 3, considering the angular distribution and decay scheme. The amplitude
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7

5204
5167

885
123
2
143
6
189
5
197
3
223
0
255
1
260
3
288
3
428
2

[nuclear structure, in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy]

4216
3553
3488
3115
2858
2551
2321

4+

2+

885

0+

0
32

Mg

Fig. 1. Reconstructed level scheme of 32 Mg deduced fromthe present studies of the 32 Mg+p inelastic scattering.
Solid lines and arrows show new levels and transitions,
respectively.

dσ/dΩlab (mb/sr)

10

10

4

Ex = 5167 keV

Ex = 5204 keV∆L = 2 or 3

∆L = 2 or 3

3

2

10

1

10 0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

θlab (deg.)
Fig. 2. Angular distributions for the excitation to thehigher states around energies of 5 MeV in 32 Mg(p, p )reaction.

β3 of this excitation is found to be 0.171, indicating a
possiblility of a 3− state.
References

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Kyoto University
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka University

1) S. Takeuchi et al.: J. Phys.:Conf. Ser. 49, 153 (2006).
2) S. Takeuchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, xvi(2008).
3) J. Raynal: unpublished coupled-channel code ECIS97.
4) A. J. Koning, J. P. Delaroche,: Nucl. Phys. A 713, 231(2003).

-6-

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

One-neutron removal reactions of 18 C and 19 C on a proton target†
Y. Kondo, T. Nakamura,∗1 Y. Satou,∗1 T. Matsumoto, N. Aoi, N. Endo,∗2 N. Fukuda, T. Gomi, Y. Hashimoto,∗1
M. Ishihara, S. Kawai,∗3 M. Kitayama,∗2 T. Kobayashi,∗2 Y. Matsuda,∗2 N. Matsui,∗1 T. Motobayashi,
T. Nakabayashi,∗1 K. Ogata,∗4 T. Okumura,∗1 H. J. Ong,∗5 T. K. Onishi,∗5 H. Otsu, H. Sakurai, S. Shimoura,∗6
M. Shinohara,∗1 T. Sugimoto, S. Takeuchi, M. Tamaki,∗6 Y. Togano,∗3 and Y. Yanagisawa[Nuclear structure, momentum distribution, unstable nuclei]
momentum distribution of 18 C in coincidence with the
2.4-MeV γ ray, corresponding to the population of the
4.0-MeV state, is well reproduced by the CDCC calculation by assuming the 0d-neutron removal. This
result leads to the J π assignment of the 4.0-MeV statein 18 C. Because 0d5/2 -neutron removal from 19 C(1/2+ )populates the J π = 2+ , 3+ states of 18 C and 0d3/2 neutron removal produces the J π = 1+ , 2+ states, the4.0-MeV state can be assigned as J π = (1, 2, 3)+ .
The 1+ assignment is excluded from the following discussion. The cross section for 0d3/2 -neutron removal is
expected to be small because the occupation numberof the νd3/2 orbital in the ground state of 19 C is expected to be small. In fact, the CDCC calculation witha shell-model spectroscopic factor C 2 Sth = 0.086 predicts a cross section of only σth = 1 mb, which is muchsmaller than the experimental value σexp = 35(4) mb,
indicating the inadequateness of the 1+ assignment.
Hence, we adopt the J π = (2, 3)+ assignment for the
4.0-MeV state.
In the present study, we have demonstrated theusefulness of the one-neutron removal reaction on
the proton target. It is found that the observed
transverse-momentum distributions reflect the orbital
angular momentum of the removed neutron, as in
the well-studied longitudinal-momentum distributions
measured with Be and C targets. We also demonstrated that CDCC analysis is a powerful tool for oneneutron removal from exotic nuclei by a proton target.

We have studied the one-neutron removal reactionsof 18 C at 81 MeV/nucleon and 19 C at 68 MeV/nucleon
on a liquid hydrogen target to clarify the microscopic
structure of these nuclei. Transverse-momentum distributions of the core fragments and partial crosssections were measured using coincidences with γ
rays. These were compared to theoretical calculations
based on the continuum-discretized coupled-channels(CDCC) method1) involving shell model spectroscopic
factors calculated by the WBP effective interaction.2)
The experiment was performed at the RI Beam Factory operated by RIKEN Nishina Center and CNS,
University of Tokyo. Secondary beams of 18 C and 19 C
were produced via projectile fragmentation of a primary 22 Ne beam at 110 MeV/nucleon on a Be target.
The secondary beams were purified by RIPS and weretransported to a cell of a cryogenic liquid hydrogen target,3) which is part of CRYPTA (cryogenic proton andα target system). The average thickness of the liquidhydrogen was 120 mg/cm2 . The incident ion, outgoingcore fragment, and de-excitation γ rays were detectedin coincidence to obtain the transverse momentum distribution and partial cross section for populating eachindividual state in the core nucleus. The details of theexperimental setup can be found in Ref. 4.
In the one-neutron removal reaction of 18 C, we observed two peaks at 0.21 and 0.33 MeV in the energy
spectrum of the γ rays emitted from the outgoing corefragment 17 C. By comparing the obtained transverse
momentum distributions with the CDCC calculations,
it was found that the distribution for the 0.21-MeV
state is described well by the calculation for neutron
removal from the 1s orbital in 18 C, whereas that for
the 0.33-MeV state is consistent with neutron removalfrom the 0d orbital. We thus confirm J π = 1/2+ for
the 0.21-MeV state and J π = 5/2+ for the 0.33-MeV
state as deduced in the previous 17 C(p, p ) experiment.5)
In the one-neutron removal reaction of 19 C, three γtransitions were observed. The measured transverse
†
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

References
1) M. Kamimura et al.: Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 89, 1(1986).
2) E. K. Warburton and B. A. Brown: Phys. Rev. C 46,
923 (1992).
3) H. Ryuto et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 555, 1(2005).
4) Y. Kondo et al.: Phys. Rev. C 79, 014602 (2009).
5) Z. Elekes et al.: Phys. Lett. B 614, 174 (2005).

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. C. 79, 014602(2008)
Department of Physics, Tokyo Tech
Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Department of Physics, Kyushu University
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo-7-

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Inelastic proton scattering on the neutron-rich nucleus 58 Ti
H. Suzuki, N. Aoi, E. Takeshita, S. Ota,∗1 S. Takeuchi H. Baba,∗1 S. Bishop,∗2 T. Fukui,∗3 Y. Hashimoto,∗4 E.
Ideguchi,∗1 K. Ieki,∗5 N. Imai,∗6 H. Iwasaki,∗7 S. Kanno, Y. Kondo, T. Kubo, K. Kurita,∗5 K. Kusaka, T.
Minemura,∗6 T. Motobayashi, T. Nakabayashi,∗4 T. Nakamura,∗4 T. Nakao,∗7 M. Niikura,∗1 T. Okumura,∗4 H.
J. Ong,∗8 T. K. Onishi,∗7 H. Sakurai, S. Shimoura,∗1 R. Sugo,∗5 D. Suzuki,∗7 M. K. Suzuki,∗7 M. Tamaki,∗1 K.
Tanaka, Y. Togano, and K. Yamada
Nuclear structure, 58 Ti(p,p’γ), inelastic scattering, unstable nuclei

The structure of the neutron-rich nucleus 58 Ti wasinvestigated via proton inelastic scattering using thetechnique of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy. A new region of deformation is suggested in the neutron-rich
Cr isotopes around N = 40.1,2) It is interesting tostudy whether the deformation develops further in nuclei with more neutrons or less protons. We have studied the collectivity of 58 Ti (N = 36) for the first time.
A 58 Ti beam was produced by fragmentation of a
63 MeV/nucleon 70 Zn beam with a mean intensity of
150 pnA onto a 9 Be target of 95 mg/cm2 thickness,using the same experimental arrangement described inRef.2) The 58 Ti nuclei were separated by the RIKEN
Projectile-fragment Separator (RIPS).3) The intensityof 58 Ti was 1.5 cps. These nuclei bombarded a liquid hydrogen target4) of 72 mg/cm2 thickness. Theenergy of 58 Ti at the middle of the secondary target
was 40 MeV/nucleon. The de-excitation γ rays fromthe inelastically scattered 58 Ti nuclei were detected by
the NaI(Tl) scintillator array DALI25) surrounding thesecondary target. The scattered particles were identified using the “TOF mass analyzer for radioactive isotope beam experiments” (TOMBEE)6) placed downstream of the secondary target.
The Doppler-shift corrected γ-ray energy spectrum
measured in coincidence with inelastically scattered58
Ti is shown in Fig. 1 (a). A strong peak at 1046(11)keV, and weak peaks at 1376(18) keV and 1835(27)keV were observed for the first time. The 1046-keV+
peak was assigned to the 2+
1 → 0g.s. transition, be+cause the first 2 state is most strongly populated byproton inelastic scattering on even-even nuclei.
The energy of the first 2+ state [Ex (2+ )] in 58 Ti is
compared with those of other even-even Ti isotopes
and Cr isotopes in Fig. 1 (b). The Ex (2+ ) value of58
Ti is slightly smaller than that of 56 Ti. On the other
hand, Ex (2+ ) of 56 Ti is significantly smaller than thatof the sub-shell closed nucleus 54 Ti with N = 32. This
indicates that the increase of the collectivity from 56 Ti
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7
∗8

to 58 Ti is much smaller than that from 54 Ti to 56 Ti.
In contrast, Ex (2+ ) of the Cr isotopes decrease continuously from N = 34 to N = 38, indicating continuous
enhancement of the collectivity toward N = 38. The
larger Ex (2+ ) values of Ti isotopes than those of Cr
isotopes suggest the weaker collectivity of Ti isotopes.
Therefore, the development of the deformation region
found in the neutron-rich Cr isotopes does not extend
to 58 Ti.

Fig. 1. (a)Doppler-shift corrected γ-ray energy spectrum
for the proton inelastic scattering on 58 Ti. (b)Plot of
the excitation energies of the 2+ states as a functionof the neutron number for Ti isotopes (circles) and Cr
isotopes (triangles). The filled circle indicates the result
from the present work.

References
1) O. Sorlin et al.: Eur. Phys. J. A 55, 16 (2003).
2) N. Aoi et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 012502 (2009).
3) T. Kubo et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 70, 309(1992).
4) H. Ryuto et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 555, 1(2005).
5) S. Takeuchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 148(2003).
6) N. Aoi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 38, 176 (2005).

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Faculty of Physics, Technische Universität München
Department of Physics, Kyoto University
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Osaka University-8-

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Inelastic scattering studies of 16 C reexamined†
Z. Elekes,∗1 N. Aoi, Zs. Dombrádi,∗1 Zs. Fülöp,∗1 T. Motobayashi, and H. Sakurai[nuclear structure, unstable nuclei, inelastic scattering]
C nucleus has been in the forefront of nuclear
structure studies in the past years due to several reasons. Its extended neutron distribution was suggested
from a reaction cross section measurement1) . Another interesting phenomenon in the chain of carbon
isotopes, opposite deformations between protons andneutrons2) , which inspired several experimental works,
were proposed in the mid-nineties by Antisymmetrized
Molecular Dynamics (AMD) calculations. In addition,
the anomalous long lifetime of the first 2+ excited state
and a corresponding hindered E2 strength was measured by recoil shadow method in RIKEN3) . Similarsmall B(E2) value and a strong dominance of neutron over proton excitations were concluded by analyzing the angular distribution of 16 C nuclei inelasticallyscattered on a 208 Pb target4) . This seemed to be confirmed by a proton inelastic scattering measurement ininverse kinematics5) . This year, the results of two newexperiments aimed at redetermining the lifetime of thefirst 2+ excited state have become available. RIKEN
published a revised data6) and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has reported a value close to thisnew result7) . These studies suggest a shorter lifetime+
and a corresponding larger B(E2; 0+
gs → 21 ) between
24
10-20 e fm .
In this paper, we present a reanalysis of the inelastic scattering experiments populating the 2+
1 stateusing 208 Pb4) and hydrogen targets5) . Since the Pb
and H targets probe the neutron and proton distributions with different sensitivities, both mass and charge,
and consequently, the neutron and proton deformation
lengths (δn and δp ) can be extracted by comparing the
integrated cross sections of the two processes in a simultaneous way.
As a first step, a pair of neutron and proton deforpp
pp
Pb
Pb
, δM
, δC
=δC
=δp
mation lengths has been chosen. δMare matter and Coulomb deformation lengths for thetwo probes, respectively.

between the calculated and experimental cross sections has been quantified in a χ2 value so that we
ended up with a set of data (δn ,δp ,χ2 ). This procedure was repeated with varied initial (δn ,δp ) parameters and the results are visualized in a contour plot ofχ2 values. From the contour plot, the neutron and proton deformation lengths could easily be determined at
δn =1.37±0.12 (stat) fm, δp =0.90±0.13 (stat) fm. The
corresponding proton and neutron transition strengths
are:

16

+
2
2
4
B(E2; 0+gs → 21 )/e = Mp = 15.2±4.4 (stat) f m (3)Mn2 = 98 ± 17 (stat) f m4 .

The total systematic uncertainties due to optical model parameters have been determined at∆δn =0.095 fm, ∆δp =0.13 fm, ∆Mn2 =14 fm4 ,∆Mp2 =4.4 fm4 . Another source of uncertainty comesfrom the sensitivity parameters of the probes. The
values are not precisely known, and therefore, the dependence of the final data on them has been tested byintroducing a 20% change in the ( bbnp )pp ratio, whichalters the ( bbnp )P b value consequently. This resulted
to the following systematic errors: ∆δn =0.025 fm,∆δp =0.025 fm, ∆Mn2 =3.6 fm4 , ∆Mp2 =0.8 fm4 .
The presently determined B(E2)=15.2 e2 fm4 value
is close to the results coming from the two new lifetime
measurements6,7) of 13.0±1.0 (stat)±3.5 (syst) e2 fm4
and 20.8±3.7 e2 fm4 and are consistent with each othertaking into account the error bars. However, they aremuch smaller than 82.3 e2 fm4 which is expected using
a global fit by Raman8) based on the Grodzins rule9) .
On the other hand, our extracted neutron strength of
98 fm4 is about 6 times larger than the proton, whichshows the dominance of neutron over proton excitations in 16 C nucleus.
References

b
Pb
Pb
Pb
Pb
(Z · bP
p + N · bn ) · δM = N · bn · δn + Z · bp · δp (1)1) T. Zheng et al.: Nucl. Phys. A 709, 103 (2002).
2) Y. Kanada-En’yo et al.: Phys. Rev. C 55, 2860 (1997).
3) N. Imai et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 062501 (2004).
4) Z. Elekes et al.: Phys. Lett. B 586, 34 (2004).
5) H.J. Ong et al.: Phys. Rev. C 73, 024610 (2006).
6) H.J. Ong et al.: Phys. Rev. C 78, 014308 (2008).
7) M. Wiedeking et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 152501(2008).
8) S. Raman et al.: Atom. Data Nucl. Data Tabl. 78, 1(2001).
9) L. Grodzins: Phys. Lett. 2, 88 (1962).

pp
pp
pp
pp
(Z · bpp
p + N · bn ) · δM = N · bn · δn + Z · bp · δp (2)b P b pppp
where bPn , bp , bn and bp are the neutron and protonsensitivity parameters.
pp
Pb, δM,Care the input parameters in the coupled
δM,Cchannel code Ecis97 which were used to retrieve calppPband σcal. The difference
culated cross sections σcal
†
∗1

(4)

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. C 78, 027301(2008)
Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of
Sciences-9-1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)2009)

Lifetime measurements of excited states in 17C†
D. Suzuki ,∗1 H. Iwasaki,∗1 H. J. Ong,∗2 N. Imai,∗3 H. Sakurai, T. Nakao,∗1 N. Aoi, H. Baba, S. Bishop,
Y. Ichikawa, M. Ishihara, Y. Kondo, T. Kubo, K. Kurita,∗4 T. Motobayashi T. Nakamura,∗5 T. Okumura,∗5
T. K. Onishi,∗1 S. Ota,∗6 M. K. Suzuki,∗1 S. Takeuchi, Y. Togano and Y. Yanagisawa��
Nuclear Structure, 17 C, excited states, lifetime
We report on γ-decay lifetime measurements conducted for low-lying excited states of the loosely-boundisotope 17 C. The electromagnetic transition strengths
were determined for the corresponding deexcitations
from the lifetimes observed. The present study aimed
to elucidate the low-lying structure of 17 C.
The low-lying level scheme of 17 C is known to exhibit
a couple of unique features. The spin-parity of theground state was conﬁrmed to be 3/2+,1) which contradicts the naı̈ve shell model expectation that the groundstate of an odd nucleus with N = 11 should have spinparity of 5/2+ . A recent work2) further revealed two
excited states located below the very low neutron emission threshold at 728 keV. These states are almost degenerate with excitation energies of about 220 keV and
330 keV, both deexciting directly to the ground state.
In light-mass nuclei, manifestation of such a high degeneracy is exceptional around the ground state. Although spin-parity assignments of (1/2+ ) and 5/2+
have been made for the ﬁrst and second excited states,
respectively, a comprehensive understanding has not
yet been achieved on the underlying structure.
Measurements were performed at the RIPS beamline. The upgraded recoil shadow method (RSM)5) wasapplied to the breakup reaction on 18 C at 79 AMeV.
Details on the RSM are found in Ref.5) . 18 C ions were
produced in projectile fragmentation reactions of 110AMeV 22 Ne primary beams with a typical intensityof 320 pnA, impinging on a 1.02-g/cm2 9 Be production target. The 18 C beam had a typical intensity of
2.3 × 104 counts per second with a purity of about
60%, and was directed onto a 370-mg/cm2 9 Be reaction
target set at the ﬁnal focal plane of RIPS. Positions
and incident angles of the secondary beam particles
were recorded with two sets of parallel plate avalanche
counters (PPACs)6) placed upstream of the reaction
target. Outgoing particles were detected by a plastic
scintillator hodoscope,7) located 3.8 m downstream of
the target, facilitating particle identiﬁcation with the
TOF-∆E-E method. The scattering angle of the particle was determined by combining the hit position on
the hodoscope with those on the PPACs for the in†
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

Condensed from the article in Phys. Lett. B666, 222(2008).
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
RCNP, Osaka University
KEK
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
CNS, University of Tokyo- 10 -

coming particles. An array of 130 NaI(Tl) detectors8)
surrounded the reaction target to detect deexciting γ
rays. A 5-cm-thick lead slab was installed close to thetarget to serve as the γ-ray shield, which is an essential
part of the RSM. The slab had an area of 24 × 24 cm2with a 5.4-cm-diameter hole in the center.
Deexcitation γ-rays from the two excited states wereclearly observed. The γ-decay mean lifetimes were determined to be 583 ± 21(stat)±35(syst) ps for the ﬁrst
excited state and 18.9 ± 0.6(stat)±4.7(syst) ps for thesecond excited state. Based on a comparison with theempirical upper limits for the electromagnetic transition strengths, these decays were determined to be
predominantly M1 transitions. The reduced M1 transition probabilities to the ground state were deduced+3.2
to be (1.0 ± 0.1) × 10−2 µ2N and (8.2−1.8) × 10−2 µ2N ,respectively, for the ﬁrst and second excited states.
The obtained results were compared with those of
the stable isotone 21 Ne. It is known that 21 Ne hasan anomalous ground state spin-parity of 3/2+ due to
its large prolate deformation. The comparison showedthat the level properties of the 5/2+ states are remarkably similar between the two isotones in terms of theexcitation energy and the M1 strength to the groundstate. The similarity suggests the enhanced collectivity in 17 C, since the 3/2+ and 5/2+ states form a rotational band in 21 Ne. On the other hand, as crossing from 21 Ne to 17 C, the 1/2+ state shows a signiﬁcant lowering of the state by about 2.5 MeV, accompanied by a strong hindrance of the M1 strength.
Naı̈ve Nilsson-model considerations prompted a conjecture that the anomalous behavior of the 17 C 1/2+
state is related to enhancement of a spatially extendeds-wave component anticipated for a loosely bound deformed orbital.
References
1) J. P. Dufour et al.: Z. Phys. A 324, 487(1986); H. Ueno
et al.: Nucl. Phys. A 738, 211(2004).
2) M. Stanoiu et al.: Eur. Phys. J. A 20, 95(2004).
3) H. G. Bohlen et al.: Eur. Phys. J. A 31, 279(2007).
4) Z. Elekes et al.: Phys. Lett. B 614, 174(2005).
5) H. J. Ong et al.: Phys. Rev. C 78, 014308(2008).
6) H. Kumagai et al.: Nucl. Instr and Meth. A 470,
562(2001).
7) S. Takeuchi et al.: Phys. Lett. B 515, 255(2001).
8) T. Nishio et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 29,
184(1996); S. Takeuchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep.
36, 148(2003).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Investigation of the 30 S(p, γ)31 Cl reaction via Coulomb dissociation
Y. Togano, T. Motobayashi, N. Aoi, H. Baba, S. Bishop, X. Cai,∗1 P. Doornenbal, D. Fang∗1 T. Furukawa,
K. Ieki,∗2 N. Iwasa,∗3 T. Kawabata,∗4 S. Kanno, N. Kobayashi,∗5 Y. Kondo, T. Kuboki,∗6 N. Kume,∗3
K. Kurita,∗2 M. Kurokawa, Y. G. Ma,∗1 Y. Matsuo, H. Murakami, M. Matsushita,∗2 T. Nakamura,∗5
K. Okada,∗2 S. Ota,∗4 Y. Satou,∗5 S. Shimoura,∗4 R. Shioda,∗2 K. N. Tanaka,∗5 S. Takeuchi, W. Tian,∗1
H. Wang,∗1 J. Wang,∗7 K. Yamada, Y. Yamada,∗2 and K. Yoneda
208
Pb(31 Cl,p 30 S)208 Pb, nuclear astrophysics, Coulomb dissociation

The stellar reaction 30 S(p, γ)31 Cl was studied via
Coulomb dissociation. This reaction occurs in the
rapid proton (rp) capture process of hydrogen burning on the surface of an accreting neutron star.1) The
nucleus 30 S is a candidate for the waiting point, which
the reaction flow temporary stops at this nuclei, in therp process.2) The 30 S(p, γ)31 Cl reaction decreases theamount of 30 S, and thus speeds the reaction flow of therp process up. Therefore the strength of this reaction
affects the resultant abundance and energy productionin the rp process. 31 Cl production in the rp process
mainly depends on resonant capture via the first excited state in 31 Cl at around 0.6 MeV.3) No direct measurement of the 30 S(p, γ)31 Cl reaction has been madeso far due to the short lifetime of 30 S and the small
cross section of the reaction. We overcome this difficulty by applying the Coulomb dissociation reaction,4)
which can extract the cross section of the relevant stellar reaction with relatively low beam intensity. The
aim of the present work is to determine the resonant
capture reaction rate of 30 S(p, γ)31 Cl through the firstexcited state in 31 Cl.
The experiment was performed using a part of
the RIBF accelerator complex operated by RIKEN
Nishina Center and the Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo. The secondary beam of 31 Cl at
58 MeV/nucleon was produced by the fragmentation of
a 115 MeV/nucleon 36 Ar beam on a 9 Be target. The
fragments were selected by the RIPS with the helpof an RF-deflector system.5) The typical 31 Cl beam
intensity was about 500 cps, which is about 8% of
the total secondary beam intensity. The beam of 31 Cl
bombarded a 104 mg/cm2 208 Pb target. The reaction
products, the istopes of 30 S and protons, were measured by detectors located downstream of the target
as shown in Fig. 1. The entire system was in vacuum.
The emission angles of the products were measured
by a position sensitive silicon telescope located 62 cm
downstream of the target. The energy of 30 S was alsomeasured by the silicon telescope. The telescope con∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7

Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, CAS
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, TITECH
Department of Physics, Saitama University
Institute of Mdern Physics, CAS- 11 -

Hodoscope

Si telescope
proton30

S0.1mmt plastic
31

Cl

208

Pb target

PPACc
PPACa,bFig. 1. A schematic view of the experimental setup.

sisted of four layer of detectors arranged in a 5 × 5
matrix without 4 detectors at the corners of the firstand second layer and a 3×3 matrix for third and fourthlayer. Each layer was composed of a silicon detector
with an effective area of 50 × 50 cm2 and thicknessof 500, 500, 325, and 500 µm, respectively. 30 S was
stopped at the fourth layer, and identified using the∆E and E information. The energy of protons, which
penetrated the silicon telescope, was determined witha plastic scintillator hodoscope placed 2.95 m downstream of the target by measuring the time-of-flight(TOF). The hodoscope had an active area of 1 × 1 m2 ,consisting of thirteen 5-mm-thick ∆E- and sixteen 60mm-thick E-plastic scintillators. The outgoing proton
was stopped in the E counters after passing throughthe ∆E counters. The proton was identified by TOF,
∆E, and E information. The relative energy between
30
S and proton was obtained using the measured positions and energies of the products. An array of 160
NaI(Tl) scintillator DALI26) was placed around thetarget to measure de-excitation γ rays from 30 S. Analysis of the collected events is in progress.
References
1) H. Schatz et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 3471 (2001).
2) J. L. Fisker et al.: Asrtophys. J. 608, L61 (2004).
3) C. Iliadis et al.: Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 134, 151(2001).
4) G. Baur et al.: Nucl. Phys. A458 188 (1986).
5) K. Yamada et al.: Nucl. Phys. A746, 156c (2004).
6) S. Takeuchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 148(2003).

1㩷
㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷

Inelastic scattering of proton-rich nucleus 23Al

T. Honda,䋪1 K. Okada,䋪1 Y. Togano, Y. G. Ma,䋪2 N. Aoi, H. Baba, X. Cai,䋪2 J. Chen,䋪2 D. Fang,䋪2 W. Guo,䋪2
Y. Hara,䋪1 Z. Hu,䋪3 K. Ieki,䋪1 Y. Ishibashi,䋪4 Y. Itou,䋪4 N. Iwasa,䋪5 S. Kanno, T. Kawabata,䋪6
H. Kimura,䋪7 Y. Kondo, K. Kurita,䋪1 M. Kurokawa, T. Moriguchi,䋪4 H. Murakami, H. Oishi,䋪4 S. Ota,䋪6
A. Ozawa,䋪4 H. Sakurai, S. Shimoura,䋪6 R. Shioda,䋪1 E. Takeshita, S. Takeuchi, K. Yamada,
Y. Yamada,䋪1 Y. Yasuda,䋪4 J. Wang,䋪3 H. Wang,䋪2 T. Wendong,䋪2 K. Yoneda, and T. Motobayashi[C(23Al,p22Mg)C, C(23Al, 23AlȖ)C, Nuclear structure]
The neutron-deficient nucleus 23Al has attracted muchattention since its discovery in 19691), because 23Al is acandidate for a proton halo system. The 1618 keVȖ rayfrom the 7/2+ state in 23Al2), whose energy is 1.5 MeV
higher than the one proton separation energy of 23Al (122keV3)) was observed. A candidate for a peak, which may be
identical to the 7/2+ state, was also observed as a particle
decay events of 23Al in the Coulomb dissociation of 23Al.4)
To clarify the structure of this state, the experiment was
performed again, with the Ȗ and the particle decays aremeasured simultaneously.
The experiment was performed using a part of the RIBF
accelerator complex operated by the RIKEN Nishina Centerand the Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo. The
present study was carried out as a by-product of theexperiment of the momentum correlation function for 23Al.5)
The secondary beam of 23Al at 72 MeV/nucleon was
produced by projectile fragmentation of a 135 MeV/nucleon
28
Si beam on a 9Be target. The fragments were selected by
RIPS with the help of a RF-deflector sysytem6) for
purifying the secondary beam. The typical intensity andpurity of the 23Al beam were 700 cps and 3%, respectively.
The beam of 23Al bombarded a 355.4 mg/cm2 C target. The
outgoing 23Al and reaction products, 22Mg and a proton,
were detected using a silicon telescope and a plastic
scintillator hodoscope located at 62 cm and 2.95 m down
stream of the target, respectively. The telescope consisted offive layers of 0.5-mm-thick silicon detectors, and identified
23
Al and 22Mg using ƦE-E information. To obtain the
scattering angles of the reaction products, silicon detectors
which have strip electrodes with 5 mm pitch were used forthe first and second layers. Single-element silicon detectors
were used for the third, forth and fifth layers. The
hodoscope was constructed by three layers of plastic
scintillators, which have an active area of 11 m2,
䋪1

Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
䋪3
Institute of Modern Physics, CAS䋪4
Department of Physics, Tukuba University
䋪5
Department of Physics, Tohoku University
6䋪Center for Nuclear Study(CNS), University of Tokyo
䋪7
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
䋪2

Fig. 1. Doppler-corrected energy spectrum of Ȗ rays
measured in coincidence with outgoing 23Al.
consisting of thirteen 5-mm-thick ƦE counters, sixteen
60-mm-thick E1 counters and thirteen 60-mm-thick E2
counters. They detected protons which passed through thesilicon telescope. The identification of protons was
performed using ƦE-E information obtained from thehodoscope and time-of-flight information between thetarget and the hodoscope. The Ȗray detector array DALI27),
which was located around the target, was used to measure
the de-excitation Ȗray from the inelastically scattered 23Al
and the reaction product 22Mg.
Figure 1 shows the Doppler-corrected energy spectrum of
Ȗ rays. A Ȗtransition from the unbound excited state in 23Al
was clearly observed in the present experiment. The energyof the prominent peak may correspond to the Ȗ rays reported
by Gade et al.2) The analysis of the particle decay events isnow underway.
References

1) J. Cerny, et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 22, 612 (1969).
2) A. Gade et al.: Phys Lett B 666 218-221 (2008).
3) G. Audi, et al.: Nucl. Phys. A 729, 337 (2003).
4) T. Gomi et al.: Nucl Phys. A758, 761c-764c (2005).
5) Y. G. Ma et al.: Proposal for Nuclear Physics Experiment at
RI Beam Factory, unpublished.
6) K. Yamada et al.: Nucl. Phys. A746, 156c (2004).
7) S.Takeuchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 148(2003).

- 12 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Large proton contribution to the 2+ excitation in 20 Mg studied byintermediate energy inelastic scattering
N. Iwasa,∗1 T. Motobayashi, S. Bishop, Z. Elekes,∗2 J. Gibelin,∗3∗4 M. Hosoi,∗5 K. Ieki,∗3 K. Ishikawa,∗6
H. Iwasaki,∗7 S. Kawai,∗3 S. Kubono,∗8 K. Kurita,∗3 M. Kurokawa, N. Matsui,∗6 T. Minemura H. Morikawa,∗3
T. Nakamura,∗6 M. Niikura,∗8 M. Notani,∗9 S. Ota,∗10 A. Saito,∗8 H. Sakurai, S. Shimoura,∗8 K. Sugawara,∗5
T. Sugimoto,∗6 H. Suzuki,∗7 T. Suzuki,∗5 I. Tanihata,∗11 E. Takeshita, T. Teranishi,∗12 Y. Togano, K. Yamada,K. Yamaguchi,∗3 and Y. Yanagisawa

NUCLEAR REACTIONS: Pb,C(20 Mg,20 Mgγ), Coulomb excitation∗

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. C78, 024306(2008).
∗1 Department of Physics, Tohoku University∗2 ATOMKI, Hungary∗3 Department of Physics, Rikkyo University∗4 Institut de Physique Nucléaire, Orsay, France∗5 Department of Physics, Saitama University∗6 Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute and Technology∗7 Department of Physics, University of Tokyo∗8 Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo∗9 Argonne National Laboratory, USA∗10 Department of Physics, Kyoto University∗11 RCNP, Osaka University∗12 Department of Physics, Kyushu University- 13 -

10

3

10

2

20

10

20

(a) Pb( Mg, Mgγ)Pb

countsManifestation of nuclear collectivity and shell closure in a wide range of nuclei has recently attracted
a great deal of interest, as seen by the recent development of exotic-beam based experiments. The E2
reduced transition probability B(E2) and the ratio of
proton- to neutron-multipole matrix elements Mp /Mn+for the 0+
gs → 21 transition in even-even nuclei arefundamental quantities that measure the degree of nuclear collectivity. To determine B(E2) and Mp /Mn for
20
Mg, we studied Coulomb excitation of the protonrich nucleus 20 Mg∗ .
The experiment was carried out using a part of
the RIBF accelerator complex operated by RIKEN
Nishina Center and the Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo. A radioactive 20 Mg beam separated
by RIPS with the help of the RF deflector1) impinged
on a 226 mg/cm2 -thick lead target. The average beamenergy in the center of the target was 58A MeV. Measurement with a 118 mg/cm2 -thick carbon target wasalso performed to evaluate the contributions of nuclear
excitation. Scattered 20 Mg were detected by an array of nine position-sensitive silicon telescopes. Particle identification was performed by the ∆E-E method.
De-excitation γ rays from the reaction products weredetected by sixty-eight NaI(Tl) scintillators (DALI)2) .
Figure 1 shows the energy spectra of γ rays after correcting for the Doppler shift, measured for thelead and carbon targets when both the beam particle and reaction products are identified as 20 Mg. A
strong γ line at 1.61(6)MeV is seen in the two spectra. Angular distribution of the scattered 20 Mg measured in coincidence with the 1.61 MeV γ rays for the20
Mg+Pb inelastic scattering is consistent with the an-2020(b) C( Mg, Mgγ)C
2

10
1000

1500

2000

Eγ[keV]

Fig. 1. γ energy spectra after correcting for the Doppler
shift in (a) 20 Mg+Pb and (b) 20 Mg+C inelastic scattering. The solid curve represents the best fit by simulated line shape (dashed curves) and an exponential
background (dotted curves).

gular momentum transfer  = 2, confirming 2+ assignment to the 1.6 MeV state3) . To reproduce experimental cross section of the 20 Mg+Pb inelastic scattering,
B(E2;0+ → 2+ ) was determined to be 177(32) e2 fm4 ,yielding |Mp |=13.3(12)fm2 .
Assuming the isospin symmetry Mp (Mn ) for a transition is equal to Mn (Mp ) for the corresponding transition in the mirror partner. The Mp /Mn value of2.51(25) for 20 Mg was deduced, using the adopted
B(E2) value of 28(2) e2 fm4 for 20 O which is considerably larger than the “collective” limit, N/Z = 1.5.
The extracted Mp /Mn value can be understood with asimple picture where the 16 O core is inert and only fourvalence protons are responsible for the 2+ excitation.
In this picture, the Mp /Mn ratio for 20 Mg should beequal to ep /en , which results in the ratio 2.6 using standard effective-charge values ep = 1.3e and en = 0.5e.
This is in excellent agreement with the present result,and leads to a picture that the shell closure persists in20
Mg.
References
1) K. Yamada et al.: Nucl. Phys. A746, 156c (2004).
2) T. Motobayashi et al.: Phys. Lett. B346, 9 (1995).
3) A. Gade et al.: Phys. Rev. C76, 024317 (2007).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Coulomb excitation and proton inelastic scattering of 36 Ca
N. Iwasa,∗1 , N. Kume,∗1 , Y. Togano, N. Aoi, H. Baba, S. Bishop, X. Cai,∗2 P. Doornenbal, D. Fang,∗2
T. Furukawa, Y. Hara,∗3 T. Honda,∗3 K. Ieki,∗3 S. Kanno, T. Kawabata,∗4 N. Kobayashi,∗5 Y. Kondo,
T. Kuboki,∗6 K. Kurita,∗3 M. Kurokawa, K. Li, Y.G. Ma,∗2 M. Matsushita,∗3 S. Michimasa,∗4 H. Murakami,
T. Nakamura,∗5 K. Okada,∗3 S. Ota,∗4 Y. Satou,∗5 H. Scheit, S. Shimoura,∗4 R. Shioda,∗3 T. Suzuki,∗6
S. Takeuchi, K.N. Tanaka,∗5 K. Tanaka, W. Tian,∗2 H. Wang,∗2 J. Wang,∗7 K. Yamada, Y. Yamada,∗3
K. Yoneda, and T. Motobayashi

NUCLEAR REACTIONS: Pb,1 H(36 Ca,36 Ca γ), Pb,1 H(36 Ca,35 K p), Coulomb excitation,
proton inelastic scattering

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7

1

36

36

36

36

1

(a) H( Ca, Caγ) H

5040preliminary

30
20
countsCoulomb excitation and proton inelastic scatteringof the proton-rich nucleus 36 Ca were studied to de+termine B(E2) and Mn /Mp for the 0+
gs → 21 tran36
sition in Ca. Recently, the excitation energy ofthe first 2+ state in 36 Ca was determined using the9
Be(37 Ca, 36 Caγ) reaction1) . The excitation energy,
3.015(16)MeV, is 0.44 MeV above the proton separation energy and 0.28 MeV lower than in the mirror
nuclei 36 S, and the extremely large mirror energy difference was discussed1) . To obtain further informationon the nuclear structure of 36 Ca, experimental determination of B(E2) and Mn /Mp is desired.
The experiment was carried out using a part of
the RIBF accelerator complex operated by RIKEN
Nishina Center and Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo. A radioactive 36 Ca beam was producedby fragmentation of a 100A MeV 40 Ca beam in a 1mm thick beryllium target and separated by RIPS.
To improve the purity of 36 Ca, an RF deflector wasused2) . Particle identification of the secondary beam
was performed event-by-event by measuring time offlight (TOF) and energy loss (∆E). The TOF was
measured using radio-frequency signal of the cyclotron
and signal of a 0.1 mm-thick plastic scintillator placed
at F3. The ∆E was measured by a 0.1-mm-thick silicon detector. A 226 mg/cm2 -thick lead target was
bombarded by the secondary beam. The average beamenergy in the center of the target was 58A MeV. Measurement with a 52 mg/cm2 -thick liquid hydrogen target was also performed.
Scattering angle of reaction products, 36 Ca or
35
K+p, were measured by an array of 21 positionsensitive silicon telescopes arranged in a 5 × 5 matrix,
placed 0.62 m downstream of the target. Since 36 Ca
and 35 K particles were stopped in the telescopes, particle identification was performed by the ∆E-E method.
The breakup protons punched though the telescopes
and were detected by a plastic scintillator hodoscope

10
0
50

(b) Pb( Ca, Caγ)Pb

40
30
20
preliminary

10
0
1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

Eγ[keV]

Fig. 1. γ energy spectra after correcting for the Doppler
shift in (a) 36 Ca+Pb and (b) 36 Ca+1 H inelastic scattering. The solid curve represents the best fit including
simulated line shape (dotted curves) ; an additional exponential background (dashed curves).

consisting of 5 mm-thick ∆E and 60 mm-thick E layers, placed 2.95 m downstream of the target. Deexcitation γ rays from the reaction products were detected using 160 NaI(Tl) scintillators (DALI2)3) surrounding the target.
Figure 1 shows the energy spectra of γ rays measured
for the lead and liquid hydrogen targets when both thebeam particles and reaction products are identified as
36
Ca. The Doppler-shift correction is applied to obtainthese spectra. A γ line at 3.0 MeV is seen in the two
spectra. Further analysis of the data is in progress.
References
1) P. Doornenbal et al.: Phys. Lett. B647, 237 (2007).
2) K. Yamada et al.: Nucl. Phys. A746, 156c (2004).
3) S. Takeuchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 148(2003).

Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, China
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
CNS, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute and Technology
Department of Physics, Saitama University
Institute of Modern Physics, China- 14 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Attempt to produce the 3rd chain of 278 113
K. Morimoto, K. Morita, D. Kaji, T. Akiyama,∗1 S. Goto,∗2 H. Haba, E. Ideguchi,∗3 K. Katori, H. Koura,∗4 H.
Kudo,∗2 A. Ozawa,∗5 K. Ozeki, N. Sato,∗6 F. Tokanai,∗7 T. Yamaguchi,∗1 A. Yoneda, and A. Yoshida278
113, production and decay, gas-filled recoil ion separator

In 2003 -2007, we performed an experiment to synthesize an element 113 by a 209 Bi + 70 Zn reaction using a gas-filled recoil ion separator (GARIS) at RIKEN
Nishina-Center. In a total of 241 days of net irradiation time experiment, two decay chains1,2) were observed and assigned from an isotope 278 113. Bothchains were connected to the known nuclei of 266 Bh3)
and 262 Db3,4) , and ended by a spontaneous fission of262
Db. These latter two decay properties were consistent with reported values3,4) . The cross section of
the 209 Bi(70 Zn,n)278 113 reaction was determined to be
31+40−20 fb at that time.
In order to increase the number of statistics of the
decay property, we continued to produce more decay
chains. While the decay chains observed in the previous experiment ended in a spontaneous fission of 262 Db, a 262 Db would have the possibility to decay by alpha decay. Additionally 258 Lr, the daughter nuclei of
262
Db, is decaying by alpha decay. If the 262 Db wereobserved in a sequential alpha decay, the decay chain
would finally be connected to 258 Lr and 254 Md whichhave been well studied. Thus it would be a strong
evidence for production of 278 113.
The experiment was carried out from January 7 toMarch 31, 2008. The experimental conditions wereidentical to those used in the previous experiment. A
70
Zn ion beam of 353 MeV was extracted from RILAC. Targets were prepared by the vacuum evaporation of metallic bismuth onto carbon backing foil of
30 µg/cm2 thickness. The thickness of the bismuthlayer was about 450 µg/cm2 . The beam energy at thehalh-depth of targets was estimated to be 349.5 MeV.
The reaction products were separated in-flight fromthe beam by GARIS and guided into a detector box.
The detector box consists of five 16-strip silicon detectors. One of the detectors is a position sensitive detector (PSD) which was used as a stop detector. The
separator was filled with helium gas at a pressure of
86Pa. The magnetic rigidity of GARIS was set to be
2.09 Tm for evaporation residue.
The net irradiation time was 83 days with a total
dose of 70 Zn was 2.28 × 1019 . The typical beam in∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7

tensity on the target was 3.2 × 1012 s−1 . The singles
counting rate of PSD was about 3 s−1 at typical beam
intensity. In the present expriment no candidate for278
113 was not observed. Combining the results of thepresent and previous experiments, the production crosssection of 278 113 was determined to be 22+29−14 fb.
References
1) K. Morita, K. Morimoto, D. Kaji et al.: J. Phys. Soc.
Jap. 73(2004) 2593.
2) K. Morita, K. Morimoto, D. Kaji et al.: J. Phys. Soc.
Jap. 76(2007) 045001-1.
3) P. A. Wilk, K. E. Gregorich et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(2000) 2697.
4) Table of Isotopes 8th ed. 1998 Update, ed. R. B. Firestone (John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1998).

Department of Physics, Saitama University
Department of Chemistry, Niigata University
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy
AgencyUniversity of Tsukuba
Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Department of Physics, Yamagata University- 15 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

New decay properties of 264 Hs, 260 Sg, and 256 Rf
N. Sato,∗1 H. Haba, T. Ichikawa, E. Ideguchi,∗2 D. Kaji, H. Koura,∗3 Y. Kudou, K. Morimoto,K. Morita, A. Ozawa,∗4 K. Ozeki, T. Sumita,∗5 T. Yamaguchi,∗6 A. Yoneda, and A. Yoshida264
Hs, 260 Sg, 256 Rf, hassium, seaborgium, rutherfordium, GARIS

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy
AgencyUniversity of Tsukuba
Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
Department of Physics, Saitama University- 16 -

with an energy of 9.78 ± 0.06 MeV and a total half256
Rfa is produced only by α-decay
life of 4.1+3.3−1.3 ms.
260
a
Sg , and decays by spontaneous fission (bSF =of100%) with a half-life of 12+21−5 ms. These decay properties agree well with the literature values, producedby the 208 Pb(54 Cr,2n)260 Sg and 207 Pb(54 Cr,n)260 Sg or208
Pb(50 Ti,2n)256 Rf reaction5) .
On the other hand, 260 Sgb decays by α emission
with energies of 9.51 ± 0.06 MeV (Iα = 80%) and8.76 ± 0.08 MeV (Iα = 20%) with a total half-life of
180+150−60 ms.
256
Rfb decays by α emission, too. Alpha energies
of 8.78 ± 0.04 MeV (Iα = 80%) and 8.47 ± 0.04 MeV(Iα = 20%) were observed with a half-life of 10.4+8.4−3.2 s.
This state is produced only by α-decay of 260 Sgb .
For 260 Sg and 256 Rf, the decay of such a long-lived
state has not been reported. This experiment showedthat 260 Sg and 256 Rf have long-lived state, which iscreated only by α-decay of 264 Hs. These are the firstobservations of isomerism in 260 Sg and 256 Rf.
References

counts / bincounts / bin

1) G. Münzenberg et al.: Z. Phys. A 324 489 (1985).
2) Y. A. Akivali: Nucl. Data Sheets 87 249 (1999).
3) D. Kaji et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
4) K. Morita et al.: Eur. Phys. J. A 21 (2004) 257.
5) B. Sulignano: Dr. Thesis, Johannes Gutenberg University (2007).

counts / bin

Decay properties of 264 Hs and its α-decay daughter nuclei attract some interest because they are eveneven superheavy nuclei. Productions and direct measurements of lifetime of only four atoms of 264 Hs werereported previously1,2) . In this work, the production and decays of 264 Hs are investigated using the208
Pb(58 Fe,2n) and 207 Pb(58 Fe,n) reactions.
The 58 Fe13+ ion beam was extracted from the
RIKEN Linear Accelerator, RILAC. The beam energy at the middle of the target in the center of massframe was set to be 227.2 MeV for 208 Pb target and220.5 MeV for 207 Pb.The typical beam intensity was
4.5 × 1012 s−1 .
Targets were prepared by vacuum evaporation oflead on carbon backing foil of 30 µg/cm2 thickness.
The target thickness was 500 µg/cm2 for 208 Pb (Enrichment 98.4%) and 430 µg/cm2 for 207 Pb (Enrichment 98.0%). The targets were covered by a 10 µg/cm2
thick carbon to protect the target from sputtering.
The reaction products were separated in-flight fromthe beam by a gas-filled recoil ion separator, GARIS,
and were guided into a detection system at the focal
plane of GARIS. The details about separator and detector is reported elsewhere3,4) .
We observed three correlated events in irradiationof 58 Fe on 208 Pb, and eight events in irradiation of58
Fe on 207 Pb. We assigned these eleven events to be
the decays of 264 Hs. In the eleven events, ten eventswere α-decays while one was spontaneous fission decay. Alpha energies of 10.80 ± 0.08 MeV (Iα = 10%),10.61 ± 0.05 MeV (Iα = 60%) and 10.34 ± 0.04 MeV(Iα = 30%) were observed. The decay time distribution obtained by this work are summarized in Fig.
1. A half-life was deduced to be 0.90+0.40−0.20 ms. The
production cross section was deduced to be 8.5+7.7−4.9 pb
for the 208 Pb(58 Fe,2n)264 Hs reaction and 11+5
−4 pb for207
Pb(58 Fe,n)264 Hs.
In the decays of 260 Sg, produced as decay daughterof 264 Hs and its daughter nuclei 256 Rf, we observed twogroups. In this report, we describe short-lived nuclei
as a , and long-lived one as b . 260 Sga decays by spontaneous fission (bSF = 60%) and α emission (bα = 40%)

264Hs

4

T1/2=0.9 ms

α
SF

2
0
260Sg

4

T1/2=180 ms(b )T1/2=4.1 ms
(a )

2
0
4

256Rf

2
0
1µs

T1/2=10.4 s(b )T1/2=12 ms
(a )
1ms

1s
∆T

1000s

Fig. 1. Decay time distribution in logarithmic scale.

1(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Precision measurement of the hyperfine constant of 11 Be
M. Wada, A. Takamine, K. Okada,∗1 T. Nakamura, P. Schury, T. Sonoda, V. Lioubimov, Y. Yamazaki,
Y. Kanai, T.M. Kojima, A. Yoshida, T. Kubo, I. Katayama,∗2 S. Ohtani,∗3 H. Wollnik,∗4 and H.A. Schuessler,∗5[hyperfine anomaly, neutron halo, laser spectroscopy]

rc

rm

200
+

Microwave Resonance of 11 Be

LIF Counts per 40 ms

The magnetic hyperfine structure (hfs) constant of
the ground state 11 Be+ ion has been measured at the
prototype facility of SLOWRI at RIKEN. Energetic
11
Be ions produced at the projectile fragment separator RIPS were decelerated and cooled by an RF-carpet
ion guide1) and trapped in a linear RF trap. The stored
11
Be+ ions were further cooled by laser irradiation to< 10 mK and double resonance spectroscopy was performed to directly measure the magnetic hyperfine constant a.
The magnetic hfs constant of the s-state is a probeof the magnetization distribution of a nucleus which
manifests itself under a local, inhomogeneous magnetic
field due to a valence s-electron, while the nuclear magnetic moment is an integrated magnetization measured
with a homogeneous external field. A comparison of
the ratio of the hfs constant a to the nuclear g-factor
g among isotopes yields the Bohr-Weisskopf effect2) ,which should sensitively reflect the structure of the single neutron halo3) . In the naive picture shown in Fig. 1,
the charge radius of 11 Be is representative of the core
size while the magnetization radius is representativeof the radius of the extended halo neutron since thenuclear magnetization is mainly carried by the halo
neutron. Combined with our isotope-shift measurements4) , we can clearly discern whether the valence
neutron is really distributed with a large radius.
Figure 2 shows the fluorescence intensity for 11 Be+
plotted as a function of the microwave frequency. A
313 nm laser radiation was used for the cooling andoptical pumping of ions. If a resonant microwave radiation induces the hyperfine transition, the fluorescenceintensity changes. From the spectrum the resonancefrequency was determined to be 2667.434(10) MHz.
We measured two transitions (|F, mF  = |0, 0 ↔
|1, +1 and |0, 0 ↔ |1, −1) at two different magnetic

1802667.434(10)MHz

160
140
120

preliminary

100
2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

Microwave Frequency [kHz] (- 2664 MHz)

Fig. 2. Microwave resonance spectrum of 11 Be+

fields, from which the magnetic hyperfine constant wasdetermined to be a = −2677.308(2) MHz and the nuclear spin was confirmed to be I = 1/2.
The differential hyperfine anomaly 9∆A which corresponds with the difference of the Bohr-Weisskopf effectwith respect to the stable isotope 9 Be is described as∆A ≡9a9 /g9− 1 ≈ BW (9 Be) − BW (A Be).
aA /gA(1)

Fujita et al.5) predicted 9∆A = 468 ppm and 950 ppm,
while Parfenova and Leclercq-Willaim6) calculated it
to be 320 ppm and 221 ppm using various models.
Though the theoretical values diverge depending on
the nuclear models used, they all showed a very large
anomaly as compared with 9 ∆7 and concluded that theanomaly is correlated with the large neutron spacial
distribution. Experimentally, we preliminary evaluated 9∆A = 220±480 ppm using the inprecise literature
value of the nuclear magnetic moment µI (11 Be)=()1.6816(8) µN 7) . In the near future we will measure
the Zeeman splittings of the hyperfine structure at ahigh magnetic field with a combined trap where we candetermine the nuclear magnetic moments as well as thehyperfine constants with much higher accuracies as wehave demonstrated8) for 9 Be+ .
References

Fig. 1. Sketch of the charge (rc ) and magnetization (rm )radii of neutron halo nucleus 11 Be.
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

Department of Physics, Sophia University
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
ILS, University of Electro-Communications
II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Department of Physics, Texas A&M University

1) M. Wada et al.: Nucl. Instrm. Meth. B204, 570 (2003).
2) A. Bohr and V. F. Weisskopf: Phys. Rev. 77, 94 (1950).
3) M. Wada et al.: Nucl. Phys. A626, 365c (1997).
4) A. Takamine et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, xiv(2009).
5) T. Fujita et al.: Phys. Rev. C 59, 210 (1999).
6) Y. Parfenova and Ch. Leclercq-Willaim: Phys. Rev. C
72, 024312 (2005).
7) W. Geithner et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, (1999) 3792.
8) T. Nakamura et al.: Opt. Comm. 205, (2002) 329.

1

- 17 -

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Precision hyperﬁne structure spectroscopy of laser-cooled radioactive
7
Be+ -ions produced by projectile fragmentation
K. Okada,∗1 M. Wada, T. Nakamura, A. Takamine, V. Lioubimov, P. Schury, Y. Ishida, Y. Yamazaki,
Y. Kanai, T.M. Kojima, A. Yoshida, T. Kubo, I. Katayama,∗2 S. Ohtani,∗3 H. Wollnik,∗4 H.A. Schuessler, ∗5��
hyperﬁne constant, magnetic moment, 7 Be, laser cooling

Fluorescence intensity (counts/40 ms)

70

Fluorescence Intensity [counts/bin]

We performed laser cooling and precision hfs spectroscopy of radioactive ions from projectile fragmentation, for the ﬁrst time, at prototype SLOWRI. The ﬁrst
nucleus measured was 7 Be which is a unique nucleus
whose nuclear moments elude determination by the
βγ-NMR method, since it emits no β-rays and emits
γ-rays isotropically. Optical spectroscopy is therefore
the only way to measure the nuclear moments.
7
Be ions produced at 1 GeV by projectile fragmentation were decelerated and cooled in an RFcarpet ion guide1,2) and trapped in an RF ion trap3) .
They were further cooled by laser radiation to µeV
and laser-microwave double-resonance spectroscopy5)
was performed (Fig. 1)4) . A magnetic hfs constantof A = −742.77228(43) MHz and a nuclear spin of
I = 3/2 were determined from the microwave resonance frequencies with σ + and σ − radiations each at
two low magnetic ﬁelds of 0.61 and 0.71 mT. The nuclear magnetic moment of 7 Be was deduced from A to

3250

a)

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
-0.2

dip
0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

UV laser frequency - 957,347 (GHz)b)σ+ polarization

3200
3150

3000
2900
72.5

ν+ = 1472.7464(50) MHz
FWHM 46(9) kHz
72.6

72.7

72.8

72.9

73

Microwave frequency − 1400 (MHz)Fig. 1. (a) Laser cooling spectrum of 7 Be+ ions and (b)microwave resonance detected by ﬂuorescence intensity
in the case of σ + radiation.
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

Present experimental value
Cohen-Kurath (8-16)POT8)
Ab-initio non-core shell model9)
Variational quantum Monte Carlo10)−1.39928(2)−1.3787−1.138−1.110(2)be µI (7 Be) = −1.39928(2)µN where the small diﬀerential hyperﬁne anomaly (7∆9 < 10−5 7) ) was neglected
while the uncertainty of µI (7 Be) was evaluated froma theoretically derived 7∆9 . Spin expectation values�Σσz � = 0.94044(3) and �Σlz � = 1.02978(1) were also
deduced together with the magnetic moment of 7 Li6) .
The magnetic moment was compared with theoretical calculations (Table 1). A simple shell model calculation with oxbash using the Cohen-Kurath8) interaction shows good agreement, with a 1.5% discrepancy, while the ab-initio shell model calculation9) byNavŕatil et al., and the variational quantum Monte
Carlo calculations by Pudlinear et al.10) showed large
discrepancies of about 20%. These modern calculations achieved good agreement for the magnetic moments of T = 0 isoscalar nuclei, such as 10 B, but not
for T = 1/2 isovector nuclei. This is considered tobe due to two-body charge and current contributions,which are not included in the calculations; they largely
cancel in the isoscalar nuclei, while they are noticeable
in the isovector nuclei11) .
We have shown that high precision laser-microwave
spectroscopy can be performed for radioactive ions produced at 1 GeV by projectile fragmentation. Thisguaranties that many new experiments on unexploredisotopes will be conducted using the same setup.
References

3100
3050

Table 1. Nuclear magnetic moment of 7 Be [µN ]Department of Physics, Sophia University
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
ILS, University of Electro-Communications
II. Physikalisches Institut, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Department of Physics, Texas A&M University- 18 -

1) M. Wada et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B
204, 570 (2003).
2) A. Takamine, et al.: Rev. Sci. Inst. 76, 103503 (2005).
3) T. Nakamura, et al.: Phys. Rev. A 74, 052503 (2006).
4) K. Okada et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 212502 (2008).
5) K. Okada et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 67, 3073 (1998).
6) N. J. Stone: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables,
90, 75(2005).
7) T. Fujita et al.: Phys. Rev. C 59, 210 (1999).
8) S. Cohen and D. Kurath: Nucl. Phys. 73, 1 (1965).
9) P. Navŕatil et al.: Phys. Rev. C 68, 034305 (2003).
10) B. S. Pudliner et al.: Phys. Rev. C 56, 1720 (1997).
11) R. Schiavilla et al.: Phys. Rev. C40, 2294 (1989).

1

(2009)RIKEN
RIKEN Accel.
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 4242 (2009)

Half life measurement of 46 Cr
Y. Wakabayashi,∗1 H. Yamaguchi,∗1 T. Hashimoto,∗1 S. Hayakawa,∗1 Y. Kurihara,∗1 S. Nishimura,
D. N. Binh,∗1∗2 D. Kahl,∗1 M. Suga,∗3 Y. Gono, Y. Fujita,∗3 and S. Kubono∗1[β decay, unstable nuclei]

∗1

∗2
∗3

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Institute of Physics and Electronic, Vietnam Academy of
Science and Technology
Department of Physics, Osaka University

36

(ns)

12+

Ar

80

TOF(MCP-RF)

70
17+

45

Ti

60

Sc

16+

46

17+

43

50

46

40

46

Cr

14+

Ar

30

36

Ar

20
10

17+

V

Ti

36

1000

17+

13+

1500

2000

2500

∆E(I.C)(ch)

Fig. 1. RF-∆E spectrum obtained by the IC and MCP
placed at F3.

from the ∆E and the time-of-ﬂight (TOF) from the
MCP and the RF signals. 46 Cr was clearly separated
from other products. In this experiment, the purity
and the intensity of 46 Cr were 2 % and 10 particle persecond (pps) with the primary beam of 80 particle nA.
Figure 2 shows a decay spectrum of NSTDC between
duration of beam oﬀ. This spectrum was made by only
setting gates on more than 200 keV of DSSD, which ismainly dominated by the 46 V decay. Further analysis
is in progress to get a clean spectrum.
120
100

Counts/ms

For the rapid proton capture process (rp-process) in Xray bursts and the core-collapse stage of supernovae,
proton-rich pf -shell nuclei far from stability play important roles1) . Studies of the β and electron capture decays of these proton-rich pf -shell nuclei are ofgreat astrophysical interest. These decays involved in
the charged-current processes are predominated by the
Fermi and Gamow-Teller (GT) transitions. Information on GT transitions can be derived directly fromβ-decay measurements. To determine the accurate
B(GT), it is important to determine the feeding ratio
and half-life of the β-decay accurately.
The purpose of the experiment is to measure theproperties of 46 Cr, namely, i) the total half-life of βdecay with an accuracy better than 10 %, ii) the decaybranching ratios to the ground state (Fermi transition)
and GT states accurately.
The experiment to measure the half life of β decayof 46 Cr was performed using the low-energy RI beam
separator (CRIB)2,3) of the Center for Nuclear Study(CNS), University of Tokyo. The 46 Cr particles were
produced by the 36 Ar + 12 C fusion reaction. A natural C foil of 0.56 mg/cm2 was installed as the primarytarget. The 36 Ar primary beam was accelerated to 3.6
MeV/nucleon by the AVF cyclotron, and degraded to
3.0 MeV/nucleon by a 2.2-µm-thick Havar foil placedin front of the primary target to maximize productionof 46 Cr at lower energy. To separate 46 Cr from the contaminants produced in the fusion reaction, the Wienﬁlter (WF) was used at a high voltage of ±85 kV. A
microchannel plate (MCP) was placed at the ﬁnal focal plane (F3) to monitor the beam position. We used
a 0.7-µm-thick alminized Mylar covered by CsI for thewindow of the MCP. An ionization chamber (IC) was
placed behind the MCP as a ∆E detector. A double
sided Si strip detector (DSSD) of 500-µm thickness was
set in the IC as an E and a β-ray detector. A Si detector of 1.5-mm thickness was placed behind the DSSD
for a β-ray detector. To measure β-delayed γ rays involved β decay, 3 clover and 1 coaxial Ge detectors
were set around the IC. The beam was pulsed to measure the half life of the β decay of 46 Cr. The durationsof the beam-on and beam-oﬀ periods were 500 and 700
ms, respectively. Non-stop TDC (NSTDC) was used
to measure half lives of fusion products.
Figure 1 shows a particle identiﬁcation obtained

80
60
40
20
0

400

600

800
Time

1000

1200 (ms)Fig. 2. Decay spectrum.

References
1) K. Langanke and G. Martinez-Pinedo, Rev. Mod. Phys.
75, 819 (2003).
2) S. Kubono et al., Eur. Phys. J. A 13, 217 (2002).
3) Y. Yanagisawa et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 539, 73 (2005).

- 19 -

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)30

S Beam Development with CRIB

D. Kahl,∗1,∗2 A. A. Chen,∗1 N. B. Dam,∗2 J. Chen,∗1 T. Hashimoto,∗2 S. Hayakawa,∗2 A. Kim,∗3 S. Kubono,∗2
Y. Kurihara,∗2 N. H. Lee,∗3 S. Michimasa,∗2 S. Nishimura,∗4 C. V. Ouellet,∗1 K. Setoodeh nia,∗1 Y.
Wakabayashi,∗2 and H. Yamaguchi,∗2[Unstable nuclei, astrophysics]

We conducted beam development experiments in2006 and 2008 using the low-energy Center for Nuclear
Study (CNS) radioactive ion beam (CRIB) separator
facility2,3) of the University of Tokyo and located at
the Nishina Center of RIKEN. We produce 30 S via the3
He(28 Si,30 S)n reaction, by bombarding a cryogenic
gas target4,5) of 3 He at 90 K with beams of 28 Si. We
tested two primary beams: 28 Si9+ (6.9 MeV/u and 130pnA); 28 Si10+ (7.54 MeV/u and 10 pnA); both beams
were extracted from the CNS HyperECR ion source
and accelerated by the AVF cyclotron. We tested three
production target gas pressures (200, 300, 400 Torr),ﬁnding 30 S yield was maximized at the highest 3 He gaspressure.
RI Species

Ebeam

PurityIntensity

(MeV)

(%)

(pps @ 10 pnA)

30 16+

S
30
30
500
S
32
0.8
1.2 × 104
Table 1. Selected results for 30 S beams, using 3 He at 400
Torr and the primary beam 28 Si10+ at 7.54 MeV/u.
30 14+The 30 S beam proﬁle is monitored with delay-line
PPACs and energy is measured with a Si detector at
the target focus. Results are presented in Table 1 andFig. 1. For both 30 S experiments, the Wien ﬁlter potential was ±60 kV, but it has achieved up to ±100 kV,
allowing higher 30 S purity in future, which we like tobe ≥ 10% due to the 106 Hz PPAC counting limit.
We attempted to increase the purity of 30 S14+ using
a 1.5 µm aluminized mylar degrader at the momentum dispersive focal plane, but the intensity on target
decreased by 80% because the CRIB optics were not
improperly retuned due to time constraints. It should
be possible to accelerate 28 Si9+ to 7.4 MeV/u at 130
pnA, increasing the 30 S14+ intensity by a factor of 13 to
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Department of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster University,
CanadaCenter for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Korea
RIKEN (the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)- 20 -

RF time v. F3 PPAC Time of Flight (Beam Coincidence, No Pileup)

40
35
30
F3 PPAC ToF

The 30 S(α,p) reaction is a signiﬁcant link in the
rapid proton capture process in X-ray bursts on accreting neutron stars1) , but there are no experimental data
to date. In order to perform a successful measurementof the 4 He(30 S,p) cross section at X-ray burst energies,
Hauser-Feshbach calculations indicate we require a 30 S
beam of ∼105 particles per second (pps) at 32 MeV.

30 14+

S

25
20
15
10
5
0
0

10

20

30
RF1 (ns)

40

50

60

Fig. 1. RF-ToF spectrum using delay-line PPACs in the
scattering chamber. 30 S14+ is clearly separated.

above the requisite 105 pps. We also tested, but could
not fully separate 30 S15+ from the primary component
28 14+
Si
due to similar magnetic rigidity.
We measured the charge-state distribution of 28 Si
beam ions in carbon (550 µg/cm2 ) compared to Havar
foil (2.2 µm) (Table 2). For a 28 Si beam of 3.4 MeV/u(∼Ebeam of 30 S), it was found that transmission ofhighly charged states of 28 Si is improved through carbon foil compared to Havar foil with a ratio consistent
with predictions of LISE++. It may be possible topreferentially populate higher charge states of 30 S byuse of a carbon stripper foil.
TargetSpecies

Normalized
pps @ 10 enA

28 12+
Havar
Si
1.075 × 108
28 13+
Havar
Si
6.013 × 107
28 14+
Havar
Si
3.901 × 106
28 12+
CarbonSi
1.758 × 108
28 13+
CarbonSi1.300 × 108
28 14+
Carbon4.365 × 107
Si
Table 2. Intensity of selected charge states of 28 Si after
passing through Havar foil or carbon foil.

References
1) J. L. Fisker, F.-K. Thielemann and M. Wiescher: ApJ.
608 (2004) L61.
2) S. Kubono et al.: Eur. Phys. J. A 13 (2002) 217.
3) Y. Yanagisawa et al.: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A539 (2005) 74.
4) H. Yamaguchi et al.: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A589 (2008) 150.
5) G. Amadio et al.: Nucl. Instr. Meth. A590 (2008) 191.

1

(2009)RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.
4242
(2009)
RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.

Study of astrophysically important states in 26 Si via thep(25 Al,p)25 Al elastic scattering
J. Chen,∗1 A. A. Chen,∗1 S. Kubono,∗2 H. Yamaguchi,∗2 G. Amadio,∗2 S. Cherubini,∗3 M. La .Cognata,∗3
H. Fujikawa,∗2 S. Hayakawa,∗2 N. Iwasa,∗4 J. J. He,∗2 D. Kahl,∗1 L. H. Khiem,∗2 Y. Kurihawa,∗2
Y. K. Kwon,∗5 J Y. Moon,∗5 M. Niikura,∗2 S. Nishimura,∗6 A. Odahara,∗7 J. Pearson,∗1 R. Pizzone,∗3
A. Saito,∗2 C. Signorini,∗8 T. Teranishi,∗9 Y. Togano,∗10 and Y. Wakabayashi,∗2∗1Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, McMaster Univ., Canada
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo, Japan∗3 Dept. of Physics, University of Catania and INFN, Italy∗4 Dept. of Physics, Tohoku University, Japan∗5 Dept. of Physics, Chung-Ang University, South Korea∗6 RIKEN(The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)∗7 Dept. of Physics, Rikkyo University, Japan∗8 Dept. of Physics, University of Padova and INFN, Italy∗9 Dept. of Physics, Kyushu University, Japan∗10 Dept. of Physics, Nishinippon Inst. of Technology, Japan
∗2

1000

900

count/16keV

800

700

600

500

400

300

200
3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

11000

12000

proton energy (keV)

Fig. 1. Proton spectrum at θlab = 0o in the center of massframe with energy loss corrected and background subtracted.

0.02

0.015

dσ/dΩ (a.u.)

Galactic 26 Al in its ground state is produced by the
proton capture on 25 Mg. In nova explosions, the proton capture of 25 Al competes with its β decay to supply the 25 Mg and therefore bypasses the production of
26g
Al, since the capture product 26 Si decays quickly to
26m
Al instead of its ground state. At even higher temperatures, such as in supernova explosions, 26m Al canbe excited to the higher excited states by thermal excitation and then quickly de-excite to the ground state,
thereby enhancing the production of 26g Al1) . The energy levels in 26 Si in the Gamow window corresponding
to these temperatures therefore need to be well understood in order to determine the 25 Al(p,γ)26 Si reaction
rate, and thus the production rate of 26 Al in these explosive environments4–7) .
A thick target method2,3) was used to scan thecenter-of-mass energy from 0 to 3.38 MeV with the secondary beam of 3.52 MeV/nucleon 25 Al impinging on
the 6.58 mg/cm2 CH2 target, corresponding to a rangeof excited states from 5.515 MeV (25 Al+p threshold)to about 8.9 MeV. The 25 Al beam was produced by
the reaction 2 H(24 Mg,n)25 Al, with the purity of about
50% and intensity of about 5×105 pps on target. The
particle identiﬁcation (PID) for the secondary beam
was provided by two PPACs (Parallel Plate Avalanche
Chamber) while PID for the scattered protons was provided by ∆E-E telescopes as well as the TOF (timeof-ﬂight) method.
The energy loss of the scattered proton travelingthrough the remaining part of the target must be taken
into account. The total yields of background protons
of diﬀerent energies from a carbon target are normalized by the ratio of target thickness per energy bin andthe ratio of the total number of beam events. Figure 1
shows a ﬁnal proton spectrum after correcting the energy loss and subtracting the background protons.
For preliminary purpose to ﬁnd the resonant energies, a Breit-Wiger ﬁt was applied for each single peakin the proton spectrum. Figure 2 shows a sample ﬁt.

0.01

0.005

0

1450

1500

1550

1600

1650

1700

1750

1800

1850

1900

Ecm (keV)

Fig. 2. A Breit-Wigner ﬁt for the peak at Ecm =1697keV,
corresponding to the excited state Ex =7156keV,
J π =2+ ,7) with the dashed line for the Coulomb part,dashed-dotted line for Coulomb-resonance interference
and the dotted line for the pure resonant part.

An advanced R-Matrix8) ﬁt for the excitation function
is being performed to extract physical parameters suchas energy levels and proton widths. The results will be
used as input for calculating the new 25 Al(p,γ)26 Si reaction rate. The analysis is still in progress.
References
1) R. C. Runkle , A. E. Champagne, and J. Engel, APJ
556 (2001) 970-9782) S. Kubono, Nucl. Phys. A 693 (2001) 221-248.
3) A. H. Hernández et al., NMB 143 (1998) 569-574
4) D. W. Bardayan et al., Phys. Rev. C 65 (2002) 032801.
5) J. A. Caggiano et al., Phys. Rev. C 65 (2002) 055801.
6) Y. Parpottas et al., Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 065805.
7) D. W. Bardayan et al., Phys. Rev. C 74 (2006) 045804.
8) A. M. Lane, and R. G. Thomas, Rev. Mod. Phys. 30(1958) 257

1- 21 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)(2009)

Measurement of the ground-state electric quadrupole moment of 33 Al
H. Ueno, K. Asahi,∗1 D.L. Balabanski,∗2 J.M. Daugas,∗3 M. Depuydt,∗4 M. De Rydt,∗4 L. Gaudefroy,∗3
S. Grévy,∗5 Y. Hasama,∗1 Y. Ichikawa, D. Kameda, P. Morel,∗3 T. Nagatomo, G. Neyens,∗4 L. Perrot,∗6
K. Shimada,∗7 Ch. Stödel,∗5 J.C. Thomas,∗5 W. Vanderheijden,∗4 N. Vermeulen,∗4 P. Vingerhoets,∗4 A. Yoshimi[Nuclear structure, magnetic moment, unstable nuclei]
In the work currently being carried out, the groundstate Q moment of 33 Al (I π =5/2+ , T1/2 = 41.7(2) ms)
has been measured by means of the β-ray detectednuclear magnetic resonance (β-NMR) spectroscopy1)
incorporating the technique of fragmentation-induced
spin-polarized radioactive isotope beams2,3) .
The experiment was carried out at the GANIL facility. A beam of 33 Al was obtained from the fragmentation of 36 S projectiles at E = 77.5A MeV on a
224 mg/cm2 -thick 9 Be target. In order to have 33 Al
spin-polarized, fragments emitted at angles θLab = (1– 3)◦ from the primary beam direction were acceptedby the LISE spectrometer: the primary beam was deﬂected by 2◦ with respect to the target located at the
spectrometer entrance. Also, a range of momenta p =(1.026 − 1.041)pb was selected with a slit placed at the
momentum-dispersive intermediate focal plane. Herepb = 11.7 GeV/c is the fragment momentum corresponding to the projectile velocity. Under the above
conditions and with a primary 36 S16+ beam current ofI ∼ 2 eµA, LISE provided the beam of 33 Al with apurity ∼ 75 % and an intensity of 1.3 k particles/s.
Then, the spin-polarized 33 Al were transported to a βNMR apparatus located at the ﬁnal focus of LISE, andwere implanted in a stopper of α-Al2 O3 single crystalof hexagonal structure. A static magnetic ﬁeld B0 ∼500 mT was applied to the stopper in order to preserve the spin polarization. The α-Al2 O3 crystal was
mounted in a stopper chamber so that the c-axis wasoriented parallel to the B0 ﬁeld. The stopper was kept
in a vacuum and cooled to a temperature T � 80 K tosuppress the spin-lattice relaxation of 33 Al during theβ decay.
The Q moment was measured based on the β-NMR
technique, where resonance is observed through thechange in the β-ray up/down ratio R measured withplastic scintillator telescopes located above and below
the stopper. By taking a double ratio R/R0 where
R0 is the value for R measured without an oscillating
magnetic ﬁeld B1 , the resonance frequency is derived
from the position of a peak or dip deviating from unity.
The obtained NMR spectra are shown in Fig. 1.
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7

The experimental quadrupole coupling constant|eqQ/h| of 33 Al can be determined from the peak positions in the spectra, with which the experimental|Q(33 Al)| is deduced from the relation |Q(33 Al)| =|Q(27 Al) · eqQ/h(33 Al)/eqQ/h(27 Al)|, where Q(27 Al)and eqQ/h(27 Al) denote the Q moment of 27 Al andthe quadrupole coupling constant of 27 Al in α-Al2 O3 ,respectively. Based on the least-χ2 ﬁtting analysis
adopted to the determination of |Q(31 Al)|4) , a preliminary value |Q(33 Al)| = 132(16) emb has been determined. The analysis is in progress.

Fig. 1. NQR spectra obtained in an α-Al2 O3 single crystal
for the 33 Al ground state by applying (a) wider and(b) narrower frequency windows of the B1 ﬁeld. In the
spectra, double ratios R/R0 are plotted as a function of
the quadrupole coupling constant |eqQ/h|, where R0 is
the value for β-ray up/down ratio R measured without
the B1 ﬁeld. The result of the least-χ2 ﬁtting analysis
is shown by solid curves.

References

Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
INRNE, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
CEA/DIF/DPTA/PN
K.U. Leuven, Instituut voor Kern-en Stralingsfysica
Grand Accelérateur National d’Ions Lourds (GANIL)
Institut de Physique Nuclélaire d’Orsay
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University

1) K. Sugimoto et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Japan 21, 213 (1966).
2) K. Asahi et al.: Phys. Lett. B251, 488 (1990)
3) H. Okuno et al.: Phys. Lett. B335, 29 (1994).
4) D. Nagae et al.: Phys. Rev. C 79, 027301 (2009).

- 22 -

1

RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42
RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)

Electric quadrupole moment of proton-rich 23 Al
T. Nagatomo, Y. Hasama,∗1 K. Asahi,∗1 Y. Ichikawa, H. Iijima,∗1 T. Inoue,∗1 Y. Ishibashi,∗2 H. Kawamura,
K. Matsuta,∗3 M. Mihara,∗3 T. Minamisono,∗4 T. Moriguchi, A. Ozawa, K. Suzuki,∗1 T. Sumikama,∗5
M. Uchida,∗1 K. Yamada, A. Yoshimi and H. Ueno
[nuclear structure, spin-polarized RI beam, electric quadrupole moment, β-NMR/NQR]
the implantation cite of 23 Al in α-Al2 O3 interacts with
the Q(23 Al) as a perturbation which is characterized
by a quadrupole coupling constant eqQ/h. In β-NQR
method, using plastic-scintillation-counter telescopes
which are placed above and below the crystal relative
to the polarization, the asymmetrical β-ray emission
were detected as a up/down counting ratio. Oscillating magnetic ﬁeld B1 was applied perpendicular to theB0 . When applied frequencies corresponds to the eqQperturbed Zeeman splitting, the polarization was resonantly changed, in other words, the up/down ratio wasresonantly changed at the eqQ/h.
Obtained NQR spectrum is shown in Fig. 1. In
Fig. 1, the β-ray asymmetry was expressed as theup/down ratio normalized by the up/down ratio without B1 ﬁeld as a function of eqQ/h. From the peak
position of the resonance and comparison with 27 Al ofwhich the Q moment5) and the quadrupole coupling in
α-Al2 O3 6) are well studied, the Q moment of the 23 Al
is determined as |Q| ∼ 170 emb from the preliminary
analysis. Detailed analysis is in progress.
References
1) A. Ozawa et al.: Phys. Rev. C 74, 021301(R) (2006).
2) X.Z. Cai et al.: Phys. Rev. C 65, 024610 (2002).
3) H.Y. Zhang et al.: Nucl. Phys. A707, 303 (2002).
4) T. Sumikama et al.: Phys. Rev. C 74, 024327 (2006).
5) V.Kellö et al. : Chem. Phys. Lett. 304, 414 (1999).
6) S.J. Gravina et al. :J. Mag. Reso. 89, 515 (1990).

����Normalized U/D Ratio

Proton-odd nuclei in the sd-shell near the protondrip line have much smaller proton-separation energies
compared with stable nuclei. In particular, for 23 Al(I π = 5/2+ ,1) T1/2 = 470ms), the separation energy
is extremely small as 125(25) keV, and so 23 Al is considered to be a candidate of the proton-halo nucleus.
Recently, a large reaction cross section, although error was still large, was reported2,3) and the authors
suggested halo-like structure of 23 Al. Note that there
is at least one candidate of the proton-halo like nucleus whose spin-parity is not 1/2+ , e.g. 8 B4) in thep shell. In this work, the Q moment of 23 Al has beenmeasured by β-ray detected Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance method (β-NQR method) to extract information
about nuclear matter density distribution.
The experiment was carried out by utilizing the
RIKEN Projectile Fragment Separator (RIPS) at the
RI Beam Factory operated by RIKEN Nishina Centerand CNS, University of Tokyo. Nuclear spin-polarized23
Al nuclei were produced by bombardment of 24 Mg
ions on a 2.5 mm-thick 9 Be target. The 24 Mg12+ ionswere accelerated up to 100 MeV/nucleon and the intensity of the primary beam was typically ∼800 enA on
the target. The production process, 24 Mg +9 Be →23
Al+X, is considered as a composite process of the pickup and the projectile fragmentation processes. The
fragments which are emitted into the angle from 0.4◦
to 5.4◦ relative to the primary beam with the momentum below 1.05 p0 , where p0 = 8.76 GeV/c is the peakin the distribution, were selected by RIPS, and the degree of polarization of 23 Al was measured as 1.2% by
the β-NMR method. A wedge-shaped degrader (221
mg/cm2 ) was used for the energy loss separation, andthen the 23 Al ions were transported to the β-NQR apparatus and were implanted into a α-Al2 O3 plate together with inseparable fragments such as 22 Mg and21
Na which became low energy-β-ray emitters. By
β-ray energy separation, the purity was achieved to∼74% in β-ray counts and the counting rate was typically ∼100 cps. Static magnetic ﬁeld B0 = 0.458T
was applied on the crystal parallel to the polarization
axis in order to preserve the polarization and to induce
the Zeeman splitting. Electric ﬁeld gradient q = Vzz at

Normalized
RF off

����

����

�
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Department of Physics, University of Tsukuba
Department of Physics, Osaka University
Dept. for the Application of Nuclear Technology, Fukui University of Technology
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science- 23 -

��������eqQ /h (kHz)Fig. 1. NQR spectrum of 23 Al in α-Al2 O3 at room temperature. The solid line shows the result of preliminary
analysis based on the least-χ2 ﬁtting.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)(2009)

Production of 58 Cu through the charge exchange reaction of 58 Ni
M. Mihara,∗1 H. Ueno, T. Nagatomo, Y. Ichikawa, T. Moriguchi,∗2 H. Oishi,∗2 A. Ozawa,∗2 M. Takechi,
K. Yamada, A. Yoshimi, D. Nishimura,∗1 M. Fukuda,∗1 K. Matsuta,∗1 T. Izumikawa,∗3 T. Ohtsubo,∗4
T. Kubo,∗4 Y. Namiki,∗4 Y. Ishibashi,∗2 Y. Ito,∗2 S. Momota,∗5 D. Horikawa,∗5 K. Suzuki,∗6 I. Hachiuma,∗7
K. Namihira,∗7 T. Yamaguchi,∗7 T. Suzuki,∗7 Y. Hirayama,∗8 T. Minamisono,∗9 K. Sato,∗7 T. Kuboki,∗7
Y. Kobayashi, K. Asahi,∗6 and K. Matsukawa∗10[Charge exchange reaction, unstable nuclei]∗1

Department of Physics, Osaka University
Department of Physics, University of Tsukuba∗3 Radioisotope Center, Niigata University∗4 Department of Physics, Niigata University∗5 Faculty of Engineering, Kochi University of Technology∗6 Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology∗7 Department of Physics, Saitama University∗8 Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK∗9 Department of Applied Nuclear Technology, Fukui University of Technology∗10 Renesas Technology Corp.
∗2- 24 -

also confirmed from the β-ray time spectrum measured
at F3 as shown in Fig. 2.
p / p0 (%)

96

98

100

102

400
300
200
100

58

Cu yield (arbitrary unit)

94
500

0

17.5

17.7

17.9

18.1

18.3

18.5

18.7

18.9

Momentum (GeV/c)
Fig. 1. Momentum distribution of 58 Cu produced throughthe charge exchange reaction of 58 Ni with a Be target.

1000

T1/2 = (3.15 ± 0.16) s
CountsNuclei near the double magic nucleus 56 Ni are ofparticular interest in investigating structure and interaction in the pf -shell region2) . The N =Z odd-odd
nucleus 58 Cu(I π = 1+ , T1/2 = 3.2 s) with one protonand one neutron outside the 56 Ni core is the best suitedsystem for the study of proton-neutron interaction in a
pf shell nucleus. We then plan to determine the electromagnetic moments of 58 Cu by means of the β-NMR
technique1) .
Also the short lived β-emitter 58 Cu might be an attractive β-NMR probe for material science. For example in a Si device, a Cu impurity causes degradationof its performance because of the fast diffusivity andformation of deep impurity levels in the band gap3) . βNMR studies with 58 Cu as a microscopic probe shouldbe able to provide unique information on the mechanism of Cu diffusion and the behavior of Cu-dopant
complex (ex. Cu-B pair) in Si.
In this report, we present results for the productionof 58 Cu through a charge exchange reaction of 58 Ni,as the first step of establishing a spin polarized 58 Cu
beam for β-NMR studies. A 95A MeV 58 Ni beam wasprovided by the K540 RIKEN Ring Cyclotron and impinged on a 2-mm thick Be target. The 58 Cu nuclei
emitted at angles 0.2◦ −4.5◦ were separated by RIPS.
An 85-mg/cm2 thick curved Al plate was used at F1
as an achromatic degrader.
Particle identification was done with a standard particle detector system at RIPS. The momentum distribution for 58 Cu was obtained as shown in Fig. 1 andthe width is almost explained by energy spread due tothe target thickness. The momentum of the peak for58
Cu is nearly the same as the momentum that corresponds to the primary beam velocity.
The size of the secondary beam was about 15 mm indiameter at the final focus point F3 where the β-NMR
equipment is to be installed. Production of 58 Cu was

100

10

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Time (s)Fig. 2. Typical β-ray time spectrum for 58 Cu.

References
1) K. Asahi and K. Matsuta: Nucl. Phys. A 693, 63 (2001).
2) M. Honma et al.: Phys. Rev. C 69, 034335 (2004).
3) E.R. Weber: Appl. Phys. A 30, 1 (1983).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

The first T-violation experiment using polarized 8 Li at KEK-TRIAC
H. Kawamura,∗1 T. Akiyama,∗1 M. Hata,∗1 Y. Hirayama,∗2 Y. Ikeda,∗1 T. Ishii,∗3 D. Kameda, S. Mitsuoka,∗3
D. Nagae,∗3 K. Ninomiya,∗1 M. Nitta,∗1 E. Seitaibashi,∗1 T. Toyoda,∗1 Y. X. Watanabe,∗2 and J. Murata∗1[β decay, spin polarization, symmetry]
The beta-decay rate function W can be expressed asJ · pJ · (p × σ )
+R
···,
E
E

where J denotes spin of the parent nucleus, and E,p and σ indicate energy, momentum and spin of electrons, respectively. A is the beta-decay asymmetry parameter, and R is the coefficient we are interested in.
Production of polarized nuclei, measurement of electron momentum, and measurement of electron transverse polarization are required to determine the R coefficient. If a non-zero R is observed, it means thattime reversal symmetry is violated.
A physics experiment (RNB08K04) was performed
in September 2008 using a polarized 8 Li beam at
KEK-TRIAC, and R-parameter measurement was performed. The detector setup is shown in Fig. 1. Regarding the Mott polarimeter, a multi-wire drift chamber has been developed as an electron tracking detector.1) The polarized 8 Li is produced using the tiltedfoil technique.2) In the present experiment, polystyrene(3 µg/cm2 ) foil was used with a tilting angle of 70◦ .
Systematic error of the detector system can be canceled by changing the foil angles every 5 minutes. A
special beam stopper was developed at the Van deGraaff accelerator at Osaka University.3) A large platinum foil (t-20 µm, annealed) was used to catch the diffused beam efficiently. A magnetic field (>500 Gauss)
was applied using a pair of small permanent magnets
in order to minimize the size of the entire stopper. It is
known that transversely polarized electrons show updown asymmetry in Mott scattering. Electron transverse polarization can be determined by obtaining thescattering angular distribution from the observed scattering tracks.
A new trigger system was developed for the September experiment. The previous trigger logic consisted ofcoincidence signals between scintillators. In the new
system, the trigger purity (ratio of real scattered “Vtracks” events to all recorded events) is quite small.
To improve the poor V-track efficiency, the hit signals
from the drift chamber are included in the trigger logic.
Using this new trigger system, the trigger rate can be
reduced to 1/20 without losing real events.
We succeessfully reconstructed the tracks for theMott scattered electrons.
The value of the Rparameter was roughly estimated from the asymmetry
∗1
∗2
∗3

Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK, Ibaraki
Advanced Science Research Center, JAEA, Ibaraki- 25 -

Fig. 1. Detector setup.

of the scattering angular distributions (Fig. 2), yielding R = 0.30 ± 0.18 (statistics only). This value isinconsistent with zero. More precise experiments are
required to determine whether time reversal symmetryis violated or not.
Angular DistributionCount

W ∝1+A

22000
20000

8Li Spin

18000
16000
14000
12000
10000

UpwardDownward

8000
6000
4000
2000
0
0

50

100

150

200

250
300
350
Scattering Angle (deg.)

Fig. 2. Obtained angular distribution of Mott scattering.

Our future experiments will be performed at
TRIUMF-ISAC. Since the beam intensity and polarization are greatly increased, a better result will surely
be obtained. DAQ acceptance, however, must be improved with respect to the high count rate. It has
already been approved by PAC in December 2008; No.
S1183: MTV (Mott polarimetry for T-Violation experiment). We will be able to determine R-parameterwith the highest precision.
References
1) H. Kawamura et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 177(2008).
2) Y. Hirayama et al.: JAEA-Review, 046, 28 (2007).
3) K. Narita et al.: OULNS Annual Report, 62 (2007).

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel.
42 (2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

Current status of SAMURAIK. Yoneda, N. Iwasa,∗1 T. Kawabata,∗2 T. Kobayashi,∗1 T. Kubo, K. Kusaka,
T. Motobayashi, T. Murakami,∗3 Y. Nakai, T. Nakamura,∗4 J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, H. Otsu,
H. Sakurai, H. Sato, Y. Satou,∗4 K. Sekiguchi, and Y. Togano
This report describes the current status of SAMURAI. SAMURAI (Superconducting Analyzer for
MUlti-particles from RAdio Isotope beam) is a largeacceptance multi-particle spectrometer to be constructed in RIBF. A schematic illustration of SAMURAI is shown in Fig. 1. The main part is a largegap (80 cm) superconducting dipole magnet with maximum 7 Tm bending power for momentum analysis ofheavy projectile fragments and projectile-rapidity protons with large momentum and angular acceptance.
The large gap also enables measurement of projectilerapidity neutrons with large angular acceptance in coincidence with heavy projectile fragments.
SAMURAI can be used in a variety of ways in experiments with the RI beams provided from BigRIPS. In
the breakup experiments of neutron-rich and protonrich nuclei, SAMURAI’s large acceptance enables efﬁcient heavy ion (HI)-neutron and HI-proton coincidence measurements required for invariant-mass spectroscopy. SAMURAI is also suitable for missing-mass
spectroscopy, in which measurement of charged particles after the reaction provides not only tagging of
the reaction channels but also helps explore the decay modes thanks to the multi-particle detection capability. SAMURAI is also used to scrutinize scattering reactions of light nuclei, such as polarized deutron
scattering on proton, in order to study fundamental
nucleon-nucleon interactions including three nucleon
force eﬀects. We also plan to install a time projection chamber in the large gap of SAMURAI magnet,
which is used mainly for reaction studies such as investigation of the density dependence of the asymmetry
term of the nuclear equation of state.
The construction budget was approved in this ﬁscal
year. The budget is funded for four years from thisﬁscal year, and covers the magnet and most of the detectors. Although construction is expected to ﬁnish
in the fourth year, all contracts relating to the budget
must be concluded in this ﬁscal year due to unavoidable clerical constraints. Therefore, we concluded thecontracts for the superconducting dipole magnet, detectors of HI, neutrons, and protons, superconducting
triplet quadrupole magnet for beam transport, and required peripheral equipments.
The superconducting dipole magnet is designed tohave a maximum bending power of 7 Tm, providing arigidity resolution of about 1/700 (rms) at 2.3 GeV/c,
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Kyoto University
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology- 26 -

Bending Magnet
Superconduc�ng
Large B䞉L (7Tm)
Large pole gap (80cm)
Weight ~ 630 ton

RI Beam(from BigRIPS)

NeutronProtonHeavy Ion

Fig. 1. Schematic image of SAMURAI system. SAMURAI
consists of a large bending magnet with surrounding
particle detectors. The magnet is a superconducting
dipole magnet with a large bending power of 7 Tm anda large pole gap of 80 cm. The heavy ion detectors, neutron detectors, proton detectors, are installed aroundthe magnet. The detector conﬁguration changes depending on the experimental requirements.

particle identiﬁcation up to A = 100, and a large polegap of about 80 cm, providing vertical angular acceptance of projectile rapidity neutrons of ±5 degrees.
The current design is an H-type magnet with cylindrical poles 2 m in diameter, and round superconducting coils around both poles, each with magnetomotive
force of about 2 MAT at maximum, resulting in 3 T
central magnetic ﬁeld. The outer size of the magnet,
including the upper, lower, and side yokes, is about
6.8 m in width, 4.6 m in height, and 3 m in depth, andthe total weight amounts to about 630 ton. Four ﬁeld
cramps are attached outside of the coils to reduce thefringe ﬁeld, so that the detectors work beside the magnet. The entire magnet is placed on a rotatable stage
to allow maximum ﬂexibility in experimental conﬁgurations.
Magnet construction will start in October 2009, andﬁnish early in 2011. The detectors will be constructedin parallel. After some tests and commissionings, theﬁrst SAMURAI experiment is scheduled to perform insummer 2011.

1

RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42
RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)2009)

 scattering at RIBF
Plan of measurement of dp
K. Sekiguchi, H. Suzuki, N. Sakamoto, K. Miki,∗1 S. Noji,∗1 H. Sakai,∗1 M. Sasano,∗1 K. Yako,∗1
S. Sakaguchi,∗2 Y. Sasamoto,∗2 T. Uesaka,∗2 H. Okamura,∗3 A. Tamii,∗3 T. Kawabata,∗4 and Y. Maeda∗5[Three nucleon force, polarized deuteron, few nucleon system]

∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

- beam line polarimeter- measurement of beam polarizations
prior to acceleration by SRC- DMH6 (dipole magnet): switch from LINAC-RRC-(fRC)-IRC-SRC
mode to AVF-RRC-SRC mode
Dpol

⚠
ኰーኽ㡈

,5&

65&

G50
(FC)

DMT1

BigDpol
T12

QTT21

G01
(PF,FC)

QQG01

(PF)

T11

(PF)

(PF)

QDT12

DMT2

QTT02
T02

QDT11

BigDpoldetection systemfor pol.d experiments

T20
(PF)

T21
(PF)

DMT3

QTT31

BigRIPS F0

Faraday cup @ F0

%LJ5,36

Fig. 1. Schematic view of the experimental setup for elastic
dp scattering with polarized deuteron beams.

top view
Alumina cone window
detector holder

plastic scintillator

target

R620

beam

0
77

∗1

Dpol

IRC bypass beam transport line
DMH6

R

Study of three nucleon forces (3NFs) is important inclarifying nuclear phenomena. In addition to the firstsignals of the 3NF effects in the binding energies of
the 3 H and 3 He, the significance of 3NFs has been recently pointed out for descriptions of discrete states inheavier mass nuclei. Three nucleon scattering at intermediate energies (E/A ∼ 200 MeV) is one attractive
approach to investigate the dynamical aspects of 3NFs,
such as momentum and/or spin dependences. An experimental program with polarized deuterons beams
at intermediate energies at RIBF is, as a first step, acomplete set of deuteron analyzing powers (Ay , Ayy ,Axx , Axz ) in deuteron–proton (dp) elastic scattering
at 250 A MeV.
Schematic view of the experimental setup is shownin Fig. 1 ( Details reported in Ref.[1] ). The vector andtensor polarized deuteron beams are provided by thepolarized ion source and they are accelerated by the
AVF, RRC and SRC through the IRC bypass transport beam line1) . The spin symmetry axis of deuteronbeams are controlled by the Wien Filter prior to acceleration2) . Single turn extractions are required for thethree cyclotrons to maintain polarization amplitudes
during acceleration.
The detection setup BigDpol has been installed at
the extraction beam line of the SRC (See Fig. 2). The
BigDpol consists of the target chamber, the alumina
cone window with 2mm thickness and detector holders. Four pairs of plastic scintillators (BC408) coupledwith photo-multiplier tubes (H7415) are placed symmetrically in the directions of azimuthal angles to left,right, up and down. The opening angle of the BigDpol
is 10◦ –70◦ . The deuteron beams bombard a polyethylene (CH2 ) target in the scattering chamber. The scattered deuterons and recoil protons are detected in a
kinematical coincidence condition by each pair of detectors. The deuteron beams are stopped in a Faradaycup placed at the focal plane F0 of the BigRIPS spectrometer. The beam polarizations are monitored withthe beam line polarimeter, Dpol, prior to accelerationby the SRC. The Dpol is placed along the IRC bypasstransport beam line1) .
The experiment is scheduled in April, 2009.

target chamber
plastic scintillator

Fig. 2. Top view of the BigDpol.

References
1) Y. Watanabe et al.: in this report.
2) H. Okamura et al.: AIP Conf. Proc. 343, 123 (1995).

School of Science, University of Tokyo
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
RCNP, Osaka University
Kyoto University
Miyazaki University

1- 27 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Probing Asymmetric Nuclear Matter at RIBF
T. Murakami,∗1 S. Ebesu,∗1 M. Sako,∗1 E. Takada,∗2 K. Ieki,∗3 Y. Ikeda,∗3 M. Matsushita,∗3 J. Murata,∗3
Y. Nakaya,∗3 M. Nitta,∗3 T. Toyoda,∗3 H. Kawamura, Y. Nakai, S. Nishimura, and H. Sakurai[EOS, centrality filter, pion range counter]
As reported in the last year progress report1) wehave been developing a portable centrality filter and apion range counter aiming to measure Y(π − ) /Y(π + )yield ratios in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at intermediate enegies. Detailed studies of pion production should provide meaningful constraints on the density dependence of the symmetry energy at high densities ρ > ρ0 where present constraints are least stringent.
This year we have increased the total number of plastics in the range counter to 12 as shown in Fig.1(left).
As read-out phototubes we used either HAMAMATSU
H1049-51’s or H2431-50’s with fast clipping of their anode signals. We have also completed the assembly of acentrality filter consisted of 60 slabs of 5×5×78 mm3plastic scintillators read by two HAMAMATSU H8500
flat-panel multianode-PMTs (Fig.1(right)).

grounds around pion peak.

Fig. 2. Particle Identification Spectrum obtained by thepion range counter.

In Fig.3 we show a charged-particle multiplicity distribution associated with charged particles emitted toward 45◦ compared with an inclusive one. The charged
particle-associated one seems strongly peaked at highmultiplicity. Detailed analysis using these data is inprogress.
nat

In+132Xe at 400A MeV

50000
40000

45 deg.

30000
20000

Fig. 1. Pictures of pion range counter(left) and centrality
filter(right).

10000
0

They are tested at HIMAC by measuring low-energy
pion production in bombardments of 400 MeV/nucleon
132
Xe beam on In. The typical beam intensity was
1×106 ppp and the target thickness was 330 mg/cm2 .
Signals are processed mainly by a FPGA module,
QDC’s and multi-hit TDC’s and accumulated by aLinux PC.
Figure 2 shows a typical particle identification spectrum obtained with the 3rd and 4th elements of thepion range counter. Clear separations among electrons, pions, protons, deuterons, and tritons (from left
to right) were observed in the spectrum. It should
be noted that there are appreciable amount of back∗1∗2∗3

Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Department of Accelerator and Medical Physics, NIRS,
Chiba, Japan
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University, Tokyo, Japan- 28 -

10000
8000

Inclusive

6000
4000
2000
0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Multiplicity

Fig. 3. Charged-particle multiplicity distributions for 45◦
charged particles in 400 MeV/N In+132 Xe collisions(top). Inclusive one is also shown at the bottom.

References
1) T. Murakami et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41 (2008)
21.

1

RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

The development of the Gamma ray detectors in BigRIPS and
Zerodegree spectrometer.
T.Nakao, ∗1 D.Kameda, T.Ohnishi, T.Kubo, K. Kusaka, K. Yoshida, A. Yoshida, M. Ohtake, N. Fukuda, H.
Takeda, T. Tanaka, I. Inabe, Y. Yanagisawa, H. Watanabe, H. Otsu, Y. Kondo, Y. Gono, H. Sakurai, T.
Motobayashi, H. Baba, T. Ichihara, Y. Yamaguchi, M. Takechi, S. Nishimura, H. Ueno, A. Yoshimi,
M.Matsushita, ∗2 K. Ieki, ∗2 Y. Mizoi, ∗3 N. Kobayashi, ∗4 K. Tanaka, ∗4 Y. Kawada, ∗4 N. Tanaka, ∗4 S.
Deguchi, ∗4 Y. Sato, ∗4 T. Nakamura, ∗4 K. Yoshinaga, ∗5 C. Ishii, ∗5 H. Yoshii, ∗5 N. Uematsu, ∗5 Y. Shiraki, ∗5
T. Sumikama, ∗5 J. Chiba, ∗5 E. Ideguchi, ∗6 S. Ota, ∗6 A. Saito, ∗6 Y. Sasamoto, ∗6 T. Uesaka, ∗6 S. Shimoura,∗6
T. Yamaguchi, ∗7 T. Suzuki, ∗7 I. Hachiuma, ∗7 T. Moriguchi, ∗8 A. Ozawa, ∗8 T. Ohtsubo, ∗9 M. Famiano,∗10
T. Nettleton, ∗11 B. Sherrill, ∗11 S. Manikonda, ∗12 and J. Nolen ∗12[BigRIPS, Zerodegree, Particle Identification, Isomer]
The observation of γ-rays emitted from isomericstates was very important for the particle identification in the BigRIPS experiment. In the same way, theobservation of γ-rays is also important in the case of
the Zerodegree spectrometer (ZDS). In this report, thepresent status of the development of the γ-ray Ge detector (Clover) in BigRIPS and ZDS is reported. The
list of the isomeric states observed in the ZDS commissioning and new isotope search experiment, conducted
in November 2008 (ZDS comm/Newiso exp.) is attached at the end of this report.
As in the previous report1) , two Clovers were installed at the 7th focal plane of BigRIPS (F7) as beamline detectors. This system was replaced by a morerefined version. Figure 1 shows the picture of the system at F7. Three points are especially important forthis new system. First, the additional chamber (Gechamber) was installed in the downstream of F7 chamber. This chamber has two thin (1.5mm) aluminum
windows for γ-ray measurement and a mechanism forthe moveable beam stoppers. It became possible totransfer beams to the ZDS area maintaining the beamline vacuum. The moveable beam stopper mechanism
is designed to put on two stoppers of different types.
Second, the individual stages for two Clovers were installed at both sides of Ge chamber. Taking in and out
the Clovers has become very easy because these stages
were designed to introduce Clovers on the linear rails.
These stages were for Clovers, but small portable typeGe detectors were also able to be installed. Lastly,
the automatic Liquid Nitrogen filling device was re∗1

Department of Physics, The Univ. of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Rikkyo Univ
∗3 Division of Electronics and Applied Physics, Osaka ElectroCommunication Univ.
∗4 Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology∗5 Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science∗6 Center of Nuclear Study∗7 Department of Physics, Saitama University∗8 Department of Physics, University of Tsukuba∗9 Department of Physics, Niigata University∗10 Western Michigan University∗11 Michigan State University∗12 Algonne National Laboratory∗2- 29 -

fined. The older version had a serious problem causing
noises in signals on detectors’ outputs. In the new version, this problem was overcome by replacing the thermometer, shielding on the electrical wires, etc. This
device’s ability has already been tested in the ZDS
comm/Newiso exp. at the eleventh focal plane of ZDS(F11). Almost zero instances of noise were achieved.
In the case of ZDS, three Clovers were installed
approximately 1500mm downstream of F11 chamber.
Figure 2 shows the geometrical setup. This stage
can install four Clovers in total, from both beamlinesides of horizontal and vertical directions. In addition, the stage can be used not only for the F11 with
2m height beamline but also for the other focal planes
with 1.7m height beamline such as F7 and F12. Twolead bricks were installed 190mm upstream of Clovers
with a 100mm interval in order for the collimation sothat the beams will not directly hit the Ge crystals.
In the ZDS comm/Newiso exp., two Al stoppers
were prepared with different thicknesses in order tostop the produced charged particles efficiently. One
has 10mm effective thickness along the beam axial direction, another has 30mm. In order to observe theγ-rays from three directions efficiently, stoppers havespecial shapes. Their typical figure is shown in fig. 3.
As stoppers are completely symmetrical for horizontal
direction and vertical direction, it is possible to obtainthe same γ-ray photopeak efficiency for every Clover.
In addition, a more effective rotation angle was performed than a 45 degree tilted stopper which had thesame effective thickness along the beam axial direction.
For this reason, it was possible to design the thickness of aluminum plate itself relatively thinner, andattenuation of γ-rays within the stopper was decreased.
According to the Monte Carlo simulation using theGeant4 simulation program code (GEANT), 30% improvement of photopeak efficiency was obtained. The
typical photopeak efficiency was 3% for 10mm stopper,and 2.3% for 30mm stopper for 1000keV γ-rays. The
efficiency curve is shown in fig. 4. The dotted points
represent the calibration result by the 152 Eu standard
gamma source and curved lines represent the simula-

1

0.14

10mm
30mm

0.12

tion result by the GEANT.
Efficiency

0.1
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0

0

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
E gamma (keV)

Fig. 4. The total photopeak efficiency curve of F11 three
Clovers. The upper line for 10mm stopper and the lower
line for 30mm stopper. The curved lines were the GEANT.

Table 1 shows the list of the known isomeric states
which were observed in the latest experiment. Several indications of new isomeric states were also seenin that experiment. More precise analysis is now indevelopment.

Fig. 1. The setup of the Clovers at F7.

Table 1. The list of observed isomeric states in the experimentof the ZDS commissioning and the new isotope search in2008 November.

Nucleus
54
Sc
60
V
67
Fe
76
Ni
78
Zn
92
Br
95
Kr
96
Rb
98
Sr
100
Sr
117
Ru
120
Rh
121
Pd
124
Ag
125
Ag
127
Cd
128
Cd
130
Cd
129
In
130
In
129
Sn
130
Sn
131
Sn
132
Sn
134
Sn
136
Sb

Fig. 2. Geometrical setup of the Clovers at F11.

Fig. 3. The stopper shape. Cut under special direction to obtain complete symmetry for horizontal axis and z axis.

2- 30 -Eγ (keV)110
99, 103367
144, 354, 930, 992
144, 730, 890, 908
97, 106, 155
84, 113122, 240, 300
71, 144
129, 288, 1202
80, 101, 126, 184
98
134
75, 156, 304
714, 670
739, 771, 821, 909
237, 439, 537, 645, 783
128, 138, 539
334, 359, 995, 1354
389
570, 1136, 1324
391
158, 173
132, 300, 374, 4040
174, 347
173

Half Life(ns)7000(5000)
320(90)43(30)
590(180)319(9)—
1400(20)
2000(100)
25(2)
85(—)
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
220(30)8500(500)<6000
2400(200)
1600(150)
300(20)1980(50)80(15)
480(10)

References
1) T. Nakao et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 3 (2008)

(2009)RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.
4242
(2009)
RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.

Measurement of double helicity asymmetry in direct photon√
production in p + p at s = 200GeV
R. Bennett,∗1 and K. Okada,
The primary goal of the RHIC-PHENIX spin program is to measure the gluon spin component of the
proton. The polarized p + p collider is the only way
to access it in leading order interaction. Among manyﬁnal states, the direct photon production is the simplest process and believed to be a golden channel. In
contrast to the measurement of neutral pions,1) it ismore sensitive to the sign of gluon polarization. The
PHENIX detector2) has ﬁne segmented electromagnetic calorimeters and is suitable for photon measurements. The direct photon cross section is measured
and the NLO theoretical calculation describes the result.3)
In this report, double helicity asymmetryre�
sults are shown from the Run5 (2005,
Ldt=
�
2.5pb−1 , pol=45%) and Run6 (2006, Ldt = 7.0pb−1 ,pol=57%) data sets.
Because it is not possible to identify the direct photon on an event base, we calculate the asymmetry of
the inclusive photons (Araw ) and subtract the background asymmetry (ABG ) using� the following formula.
BG

SUNY, USA

1) S. S. Adler et al.: arXiv:0810.0694 (2008).
2) K. Adcox et al.: Nucl. Inst. Meth. A499, 469 (2003).
3) S. S. Adler et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 012002 (2007)

2
2 2
σA
raw +r σ BG

−rAAAsig = A 1−r, σAsig =.
1−r
To improve the purity (lower r), an selection of
events with small energy activities around the target
photon (= isolation cut) is applied. The cut keeps
more than 80% of direct photon events for the regionof pT higher than 7 GeV/c.3) The background asymmetry was estimated with π 0 decay photons which pass
the isolation cut in case the partner photon is missed.
Fig.1 shows the double helicity asymmetries as a function of pT . The curves are theoretically calculated
based on the GRSV model.
Thanks to improvement in the ﬁgure of merit (≡LP 4 ), the uncertainty is much reduced in Run6. The
uncertainties do not change so much as a function ofpT , because the isolation cut is more eﬀective in thehigh pT region.
In leading order, the double helicity asymmetry(ALL ) and the gluon polarization (∆G/G) are connected by ∆G/G = ALL /Ap1 /âLL , where Ap1 is the proton spin asymmetry from polarized DIS experiments
representing the quark polarization, and âLL is the helicity asymmetry in the partonic level. The kinematics are deﬁned by the initial parton momentum andthe angle of the outgoing photon. ∆G/G is obtainedby using a proper PDF set and requiring photons in
the PHENIX acceptance. Fig. 2 shows the points
from the Run5 and Run6 measurements and theoretical curves with diﬀerent integrated gluon polarization∗1

References

Fig. 1. Double helicity asymmetries of direct photon production. Curves are theoretical calculations.

∆ G/G

1

∆ G=0.70

0.8∆ G=0.45

∆G/G

raw

with a model at Q2 = 10GeV2 .
In summary, we measured the double helicity spin
asymmetryof direct photon production in p + p at√
s = 200 GeV. The measurement from Run6 data ismuch improved over the previous Run5 result. According to the beam use request, we are going to accumulate 25pb−1 with 70% polarization in a few years. With
that data, the constraint on the gluon polarization in
the proton will be improved signiﬁcantly.

0.6
0.4
0.2
0

∆ G=0.60∆ G=0.30∆ G=-0.15∆ G=-0.30∆ G=-0.45∆ G=-0.60∆ G=-0.75∆ G=-0.90∆ G=-1.05

-0.2
-0.4
-0.6

PHENIX Run 6-0.8

PHENIX Run 5 & 6 Comb

10-2

10-1

1
x

Fig. 2. ∆G/G as a function of xBj . Theoretical curves
correspond to diﬀerent ∆G values.

- 31 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

W-physics with Inclusive Muons in PHENIX: Detailed Feasibility
Studies†
R. Seidl,∗1 B. Meredith,∗2 and M. Grosse-Perdekamp,∗2[Spin physics, PHENIX, Parity violation]and similarly for W − by exchanging u and d.
The inclusive W measurement in PHENIX will bebased on muons with PT > 20 GeV in the PHENIX forward arms2,3) . We have carried out detailed GEANT
based Monte Carlo studies followed by full track reconstruction to evaluate the following backgrounds:– punch through of high PT hadrons through themagnet yoke upstream of the muon spectrometer andthrough the hadron absorber in the downstream muon
identiﬁcation system: these hadrons will be reconstructed with approximately correct high momentum.
–punch through of low PT - hadrons through the magnet yoke and subsequent decay in the muon spectrometer magnet: these hadrons occasionally can be reconstructed incorrectly with high momentum.
– high momentum decay muons, and high PT cosmic
rays. The simulations includes the full detector response with momentum smearing and realistic ineﬃciencies in reconstruction and acceptance. The momentum smearing is shown in Fig. 1 as function of thetrue generated transverse momentum. We have identiﬁed punch through hadrons that undergo decay as thedominant source of (false) high PT background. Using
optimized standard cuts that have been developed forsingle muon analysis in PHENIX we ﬁnd a signal tobackground ratio of 1/3. Adding an additional hadron
absorber of 30cm thickness improves the signal to background ratio to 3/1. Figure 2 shows the expected precision based on full detector simulation, smearing, 70%∗1∗2

RIKEN BNL Research Center, USA
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA- 32 -

1) G. Bunce et al: Plans for the RHIC Spin Physics Program, http://spin.riken.bnl.gov/rsc/report/spinplan 2008/spinplan08.pdf2) I. Nakagawa et al: High Momentum Trigger Electronics
Upgrade of PHENIX Muon Arms for Sea Quark Polarization Measurement at RHIC, in this volume.
3) M. Grosse-Perdekamp, R. Seidl: The PHENIX muon
trigger RPC upgrade, in this volume.
4) P. M. Nadolsky and C. P. Yuan, Nucl. Phys. B666, 31(2003), hep-ph/0304002.

100 µm pos. res.
100
0.9

90

0.8

80

0.7

70

0.6

60

0.5

50

0.4

40
30

0.3

20

0.2

10

0.1

0
0

10

20

30

40
50
60
PT generated

0

Fig. 1. Momentum smearing matrix for muons with nominal position resolution in the muon tracking system.

Backward AL µ +0.2

Backward AL µ -AL¯ 2 ) − ∆d(x¯ 1 )u(x2 )∆u(x1 )d(x.
¯¯u(x1 )d(x2 ) + d(x1 )u(x2 )References

PT reconstructed

+

AW
=−
L

polarization and 30cm of additional absorber as compared to current polarized parton parameterizations(see1) for an overview) as implemented in the RHICBOS4) generator. Additional studies are presently under way to develop a further optimized set of single
muon cuts for PT > 20 GeV.

AL

W production will provide the ﬁrst direct (ﬂavor
separated) measurement of the spin dependent quark
and anti-quark-distributions for up- and down-quarks
in the proton. The high energy scale set by the W-mass
makes it possible to extract quark- and anti-quark
polarizations from inclusive lepton spin asymmetries
in W-production with minimal theoretical uncertainties1) . Real W production selects the quark ﬂavors
through their charge and it also selects only one helicity of nearly massless quarks due to the maximallyparity violating weak interaction. Building the single
spin asymmetry of count rates of Ws originating fromprotons with spin parallel and anti-parallel divided by
N + (W )−N − (W )1their sum, AW
L = P × N + (W )+N − (W ) , is then proportional to the helicity distribution ∆q(x) as in

DNS max
GRSV std
DNS minDSSVGRSV val
PHENIX 300 pb-1
PHENIX 1300 pb-1

0.6

-0
0.4
-0.2
0.2
-0.4

DNS max
GRSV std
DNS minDSSVGRSV val
PHENIX 300 pb-1
PHENIX 1300 pb-1

-0.6

0

-0.2

-0.8
20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

p [GeV]
T

-0.4
20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

p [GeV]T

Fig. 2. Expected single spin asymmetries for inclusive leptons from W decays as a function of the reconstructed
PT at backward rapidities as described in the text.

1

RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42 ((2009)
RIKEN Accel.
2009)

Measurement of Collins Asymmetry in e+ e− Annihilation at Belle.†
R. Seidl,∗1 K. Hasuko,∗2 M. Grosse Perdekamp,∗3 and A. Ogawa,∗1,∗4[Fragmentation, Transverse Spin, Collins Eﬀect]

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Riken BNL Research Center, Upton, USA.
Riken, Wako, Japan.
University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, USA.
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, USA.

It is found that quark transversity distributions in the
proton are sizable and that there a signiﬁcant spin
eﬀects in the fragmentation of transversely polarized
quarks into pions.
References
1) J. Collins: Nucl. Phys. Phys. B 396 (2003).
2) D. Adams et al.: Phys. Lett. B 264 (2001).
3) A. Airapetian et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett.94:012002 (2005).
4) D. Boer, R. Jakob, P.J. Mulders: Nucl. Phys. B 504(1997).
5) D. Boer: Nucl. Phys. B 806 (2009).
6) D. Boer and M. Grosse Perdekamp, Workshop on Future Transversity Measurements, (2000).
7) R. Seidl et al.: Phys. Rev. D78:032011 (2008).
8) R. Seidl et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett 96:232002 (2006).
9) M. Anselmino et al.: arXiv:0901.3078.

Fig. 1. Collins asymmetries observed in e+ e− −→ ππ + X
at Belle, see reference3) .


į



į

ŏ ŏ

We have carried out the ﬁrst measurement of spin
dependent eﬀects in the formation of hadrons fromquarks that are transversely polarized. Spin eﬀects
were observed in the annihilation of electron-positronpairs into inclusive pairs of hadrons in Belle. Spineﬀects in quark fragmentation were ﬁrst proposedby Collins1) in an attempt to describe the large
spin asymmetries observed in proton-proton collisions
with transverse polarization in the E704 experiment
2). Collins proposed that the asymmetries observed in
E704 arise from struck quarks in hard scattering processes that have their spins aligned (or anti-aligned)with the transverse proton spin. Spin dependent effects in the fragmentation then would give rise to theleft-right asymmetries observed in p+p −→ π + , π 0 , π −in E704. Collins predicted related spin asymmetries indeep inelastic scattering with leptons of transversely
polarized targets. This eﬀect was discovered by the
HERMES collaboration at DESY3) . Boer, Jakob and
Mulders ﬁrst discussed azimuthal asymmetries from
Collins fragmentation in hadron production in e+ e−annihilation4) . A detailed description of the phenomenology of these asymmetries has been created byBoer5) . The present Belle experimental eﬀort originates from a RBRC workshop on transverse spin asymmetries in 20006). At the workshop the plan wasformulated to extract quark transversity distributions
and Collins fragmentation functions from the global
QCD analysis of spin asymmetries accessible in polarized semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, polarized
proton-proton scattering and electron-positron annihilation.
We present here the ﬁnal result of the Collins asymmetries observed at Belle. The measurement
has been�
carried out on a data sample of Ldt = 547f b−1 of inclusive charged pion pairs: e+ e− −→ π + π + X. The
analysis has been based on events with two-jet topology observing the azimuthal back-to-back correlationof two pions in opposite jet-hemispheres. The results
for the Collins cos(φ1 + φ2 ) coeﬃcients, A12 observedin so-called hadron double ratios are shown in ﬁgure 1.
For details refer to our results7) and8) .
The ﬁrst combined analysis of Collins asymmetries
from deep inelastic scattering and Belle has been recently carried out by Anselmino and collaborators
9). The resulting Collins fragmentation functions andquark transverstiy distributions are shown in ﬁgure 2.

Fig. 2. Collins fragmentation function extracted from semi
inclusive deep inelastic scattering data and e+ e− −→ππ + X at Belle, see reference4) .

- 33 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Precision Measurements of Hadron Multiplicities in e+ e−
Annihilation at BELLE†
M. Leitgab,∗1 K. Boyle,∗2 M. Grosse Perdekamp,∗1 R. Seidl,∗2 A. Ogawa,∗3 A. Vossen∗1 and P. Francisconi∗1[Precision hadron multiplicities, fragmentation functions, BELLE]
Measurement Description

This paper summarizes the status of precision measurements of π +,− , K +,− , π 0 and η multiplicities in
e+ e− annihilation at a center of mass energy of 10.52
GeV at the BELLE experiment at KEK, Japan1) . The
hadron multiplicities are measured as a function ofz which is the hadron energy relative to half of thecenter-of-mass energy in electron-positron annihilation
into quark-antiquark pairs. The measured multiplicity
distributions are corrected for particle misidentiﬁcation and acceptance eﬀects.
2

Motivation

Multiplicity measurements at Belle are motivatedby two recent studies describing the extraction of unpolarized fragmentation functions2),3) . Fragmentation
functions describe hadron production from a ﬁnal-state
quark or gluon in processes such as hadron collisions,electron-positron annihilation and deep inelastic scattering of leptons on protons or nuclei. The present
measurements are intended to provide high precisiondatasets as an input to the extraction of fragmentation
functions, and thereby signiﬁcantly lower the uncertainties of the extracted fragmentation functions. Precise knowledge of fragmentation functions is required
for the extraction of the gluon helicity distribution
from spin asymmetries measured in hadron collisions
at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)4) .
3

Measurement Status and Outlook

For charged hadrons, experimental particle yields
need to be corrected for particle misidentiﬁcation.
A detailed study to determine particle identiﬁcation(PID) probabilities for e+,− , µ+,− , π +,− , K +,− andp, p̄ has been carried out. A linear model has been developed for the correction of measured yields for particle misidentiﬁcation. This correction changes significantly the measured charged particle distributions at
the order of 5 to 10% for pions and 10 to 35% for kaons.
The yields of neutral hadrons π 0 and η are measured
via the two photon decay process.
Hadron multiplicities are presently extracted for
∗1
∗2
∗3

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), USA
RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC), USA
RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC)/ Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), USA- 34 -

Absolute Yields

1π+ MC Generated Data (Stat. Uncert.)

107

π+ Reconstructed MC Generated Data (Stat. Uncert.)

106

105

104

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

z π+

Fig. 1. Yields of π + from Monte Carlo against the normalized hadron energy zπ+ . Closed circles show yields
generated with PYTHIA. Open triangles indicate yields
after detector response simulation and reconstruction.
The diﬀerence between the plots shows the magnitudeof the PID and acceptance correction.

normalized hadron energies z within 0.2 < z < 0.75
and a bin width of ∆z = 0.01. Fig. 1 shows π + yields
against the normalized hadron energy z. Shown are theyields generated with the Monte Carlo event generator
PYTHIA5) and the yields after a GEANT-based6) detector response simulation and reconstruction. Eventually, the measurement will be extended to higher values of z and the systematic uncertainty analysis for
PID, momentum smearing and acceptance eﬀects will
be ﬁnalized. The leading uncertainty is expected toarise from the systematic uncertainties connected with
the PID correction. The overall systematic uncertainties are expected to remain below 3% (5%) for π (K)spectra at low to mid z < 0.6, and to increase with z
up to 5% (17%) for π (K) spectra, respectively.
References
1) A. Abashian et al.; Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 479,
(2002), pp. 117-232.
2) M. Hirai, S. Kumano, T.-H. Nagai, K. Sudoh; Phys.
Rev. D 75, 114010 (2007).
3) D. de Florian, R. Sassot, M. Stratmann; Phys. Rev. D
75, 094009 (2007).
4) A. Adare et al.; Phys. Rev. D 76, 051106 (2007).
5) T. Sjöstrand et al.; Computer Phys. Commun. 135(2001) 238.
6) Geant 4 Collaboration; Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 506,
(2003), pp. 250-303.

1(2009)RIKEN
RIKEN Accel.
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 4242 (2009)

Measurement of Interference Fragmentation Functions at Belle†
A. Vossen,∗1 R. Seidl,∗2 M. Grosse Perdekamp,∗1 K. Boyle,∗2 M. Leitgab,∗1 P. Francisconi,∗1 and A. Ogawa∗2,∗3[Nucleon structure, Fragmentation, Interference fragmentation function, Transversity]

∗1

∗2
∗3

University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
Riken BNL Research Center
Brookhaven National Laboratory

average out in an inclusive single hemisphere measurement. However, the correlation between R1 and R2
remains and leads to a dependence of the count rates
on the angle φ1 + φ2 . Figure 1 shows the projected
sensitivities for charged pion pairs using the data collected oﬀ-resonance. The precision allows for signiﬁcant asymmetries according to various model predictions3)4)5) . Furthermore on-resonance data, a factor
10 more abundant than the oﬀ-resonance data, will
be used for this analysis. The anticipated Belle IFF
results will improve the understanding of spin dependence in hadron formation and provide an important
tool for the study of transverse nucleon spin structure.
Referencesa121) J. C. Collins, S.F. Heppelmann and G.A. Ladinsky:
Nucl. Phys. B 420 (1994) 565.
2) R. Seidl et. al. [Belle Collaboration]: Phys. Rev. D78
032011 (2008) 0805.2975
3) R.L. Jaﬀe, X. M. Jin and J.A. Tang: Phys. Rev. D57(1998) 5920.
4) M. Radici, R. Jakob and A. Bianconi: Phys. Rev. D65(2002) 074031.
5) A. Bacchetta et. al.: JLAB-THY-08-917

0.02

0.25<m1<0.4

0.4<m1<0.55

0.55<m1<0.77

0.77<m1<1.2

0

a12

-0.02
0.02
0
-0.02
a12

Measurements of azimuthal asymmetries in hadronpair correlations at Belle allow access to the chiral odd
dihadron interference fragmentation function (IFF).
The IFF describes the production of a hadron pairfrom a transversely polarized quark. The transverse
spin of the fragmenting quark leads to an anisotropy
in the azimuthal distribution of the ﬁnal state hadronpair. This makes it possible to use IFF-processes asquark polarimeter. That makes it very important forthe measurement of the so-called transversity distribution function which describes the transverse spin structure of the nucleon. Interference Fragmentation therefore oﬀers an alternative way to access quark transversity distributions in hard scattering processes oﬀ transversely polarized nucleon targets1) . Recently, the single hadron Collins fragmentation process has been used
for a ﬁrst determination of quark transversity distributions and Collins fragmentation asymmetries havebeen measured in Belle2) . In comparison to Collins
fragmentation, the IFF exhibits some favorable features that are unique to the fragmentation into two
hadrons. Because the second hadron provides an additional degree of freedom, the asymmetry survives anintegration over transverse momenta. This allows forcollinear factorization, model independence and easier
evolution of the results to center of mass energies ofcomplementary ﬁxed target experiments.
At Belle unpolarized electrons and positrons annihilate at a center of mass energy of 10.58 GeV for
measurements on the Υ(4S) resonance and 10.52 GeV
for measurements of the continuum background. The
produced quark - antiquark pairs will have antiparallel spin conﬁgurations with a transverse component
proportional to sin2 θ, where θ is the angle between
quark and electron axis in the center of mass system. The measurement is carried out in a sample withback to back di-jet geometry using a thrust selectionof T > 0.8. The measurement consists of observing
hadron pairs simultaneously in both jet-hemispheres
and correlating the angular distribution of the hadronplanes on both sides: If Rj = Pjh1 − Pjh2 , with Pjhi
the momentum vectors of the hadrons in hemispherej ∈ {1, 2}, then the count rate is dependent on theazimuthal angle φj between Rj and the spin vector around the momentum of the fragmenting quark
approximated by the thrust axis. The electron andpositron beams in KEKB are unpolarized and therefore the φj dependence of the hadron planes would

0.02

0.5

1.2<m1<21

1.5
mass/GeV

0
-0.02
0.5

1

1.5
mass/GeV

Fig. 1. Sensitivity projections for Belle measurements ofcharged pion IFF measurements using 55 fb−1 . The
correlation asymmetries are shown as function of thepion pair invariant mass.

- 35 -

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel.
42 (2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

Double Helicity Asymmetry of Inclusive Charged Hadrons in pp√
Collisions at s = 62.4 GeV at PHENIX
D. Kawall,∗1,∗2 and A. Datta∗2[Double Helicity, Asymmetry, Longitudinal Polarization]
Introduction
In 2006, the PHENIX collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) recorded ≈ √50 nb−1of longitudinally polarized pp collisions at s=62.4
GeV/c. We have analyzed these data to extract the
double longitudinal spin asymmetry, ALL (pp → h± X)
for unidentiﬁed, inclusive charged hadrons h± at midrapidity, |η| < 0.35, with pT from 0.5 to 4.5 GeV/c.
The production of hadrons with pT > 1 GeV/c is dominated by quark-gluon scattering, and so is sensitive tothe polarized gluon distribution, ∆g(x), for momentum fraction x ≈ 0.05 − 0.21) .
Event Selection and Systematic Checks
We analyzed pp collisions selected with the minimum bias trigger for charged tracks in the PHENIX
drift chamber (DC)2) . These track were extrapolated
to the outer pad chamber, PC32) , where we required
closely matching hits. Fiducial cuts were applied, as
were corrections for oﬀsets of the beam and DC aﬀecting the extraction of the particle pT from the DC track
angle.
Several backgrounds were present in this set of
events. Electrons/positrons from γ conversion, (γ fromπ 0 or η decay) were rejected by placing a veto on the
PHENIX Ring Imaging Cherenkov2) , which detects e±
above 20 MeV, and π ± above 4.7 GeV. Particles originating from long-lived particles (π ± , K ± , KL0 ) decaying far (> 20 cm) from the primary vertex, typically
don’t pass the tight DC-PC3 matching cuts. Short
lived-particles (Ks0 , Λ, Σ, Ξ, ...) decaying close to thevertex, yield particles that pass the cuts, and comprise≈ 7% of the sample.
Each resulting double spin asymmetry was checked
for errors by constructing the single spin, parityviolating asymmetry AL (which was consistent withzero), randomizing the bunch polarizations, and bychecking for the consistency of ALL extracted separately from each detector arm, and from diﬀerent ﬁlls.
Results and Predictions From Theory
Preliminary results are shown in Fig. 1 with nextto-leading order perturbative QCD calculations basedon diﬀerent polarized gluon distributions3) .

∗1∗2

RIKEN-BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts,
Amherst, MA, USA- 36 -

Fig. 1. GRSV predictions and preliminary results for
ALL (pp → h+ X) (upper) and ALL (pp → h− X) (lower).

Discussion
The statistical precision of the results is impressive,
well below 10−2 in the ﬁrst two pT bins. The results
can be used to exclude the GRSV models, ∆g(x) =−g(x) and ∆g(x) = g(x) (which has ALL > 0.1 at pTof 4 GeV/c, too big to show on the plot).
It is interesting to note that when qg scattering dominates, we expect AπLL ∝ ∆g (∆uDuπ + ∆dDdπ ). Then,since ∆d is large and negative, ∆u is large and positive, Duπ+ > Ddπ+ , and Duπ− < Ddπ− , if ∆g(x) > 0 we’d+0−
expect AπLL > AπLL > AπLL . We can’t discern such anordering from this data, which is consistent with ∆gbeing small and/or ∆g(x) having a node.
References
1) D. de Florian, W. Vogelsang and F. Wagner, Phys. Rev.
D 76, 094021 (2007).
2) K. Adcox et al. (PHENIX Collaboration), Nucl. Instr.
and Meth. A 499, 469-602 (2003).
3) M. Glück, E. Reya, M. Stratmann, and W. Vogelsang,
Phys. Rev. D 63, 094005 (2001).

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 4242 (2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.

PHENIX local polarimeter analysis in polarized proton-proton√
collisions at s = 200GeV from RHIC Run-8
S. Dairaku∗1 for the PHENIX Collaboration[Spin, asymmetry]∗1

Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Japan- 37 -

References
1) G. Bunce et al.: Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 50, 525(2000).
2) Y. Fukao and M. Togawa et al.: Phys. Rev. B 650, 325(2007).

PGWVTQP<&% 5/& <&%<&%Raw left-right asymmetry for the blue ring

Fig. 1. Schematic layout of the ZDC and the SMD.

0.03

0.02
0.01
0

-0.01
-0.02

Raw left-right asymmetry for the yellow ring

-0.03

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5
φ [rad]

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5
φ [rad]

0.03

0.02
0.01
0

-0.01
-0.02

-0.03

Fig. 2. Azimuthal angle φ dependence of the asymmetry forforward neutron production for the blue ring in RHIC
Run-8.

A N for the blue ringwhere P is the absolute polarization value measured↑(↓)
by the RHIC polarimeters, and NL(R) is the numberof neutrons scattered to the left (right) when the direction of the beam polarization is vertically upwards(downwards). We identify forward neutrons using azero degree calorimeter (ZDC) and measure the scattering direction of the neutrons with a shower maximum detector (SMD) by detecting the shower shapein the ZDC (see figure 1).
Figure 2 shows the azimuthal angle φ dependenceof the asymmetry AN for forward neutron production
for two RHIC rings (the so-called blue ring and yellow
ring, respectively) from RHIC-Run8 data. We can see
the clear sinusoidal shape and confirm that the proton
beams are transversely polarized.
Figure 3 shows the asymmetry AN for two RHIC
rings versus a fill number which is defined as the periodof time encompassing injection, acceleration, and stor-

age of beam in RHIC rings. It shows that the asymmetry AN did not undergo a lot of changes from fill tofill and the transverse polarization of the proton beam
was stable.

0
-0.01
-0.02
-0.03
-0.04
-0.05
-0.06
-0.07
-0.08
-0.09
-0.1

A N for the yellow ringIn RHIC Run-8 proton-proton collisions, we werefocused on transverse-spin physics, and thus collected
data on transversely polarized proton-proton collisions. A local polarimeter was used to evaluate
whether proton beams were transversely polarized in
RHIC Run-8.
A local polarimeter was also used n previous RHIC
Runs. One of the main goals of the PHENIX experiment is to determine the polarized gluon distributionfunction in a proton.1) To achieve this objective, wehave used longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions. We determine the polarized gluon distribution function by measuring double longitudinal-spin
asymmetries during the production of various particles. In RHIC rings, proton beams are vertically polarized. Therefore, we need to change the direction of
the beam polarization from the vertical direction to thelongitudinal direction using spin rotator magnets. A
local polarimeter is also used for evaluating how correctly the proton beams are longitudinally polarized
when the spin rotator is on.
When the proton beams are vertically polarized, thelocal polarimeter can measure the significant single
transverse-spin asymmetry (AN ) for forward neutron
production,2) which is calculated by


↑ ↓
N
N
−
NL↓ NR↑σ↑ − σ↓
1
L R

,
(1)
= 
AN ≡
σ↑ + σ↓P
NL↑ NR↓ + NL↓ NR↑

9880

9900

9920

9940

9960

9980

10000
Fill number-0.1 9880

9900

9920

9940

9960

9980

10000
Fill number

0
-0.01
-0.02
-0.03
-0.04
-0.05
-0.06
-0.07
-0.08
-0.09

Fig. 3. Asymmetry for forward neutron production for eachrings versus a fill number in RHIC Run-8.

12.

Nuclear Physics(Theory)

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)x

8

α + Heg.s.
Elastic

A

B D

C

(a)

| 1 − Sf,i |

2

4.5

y

Heg.s. + Heg.s.

( x 1/4 )3| Sf,i |

2

(b)

6

6

Heg.s. + Heg.s.

1.5| Sf,i |

2

(c)

5

0
0

7

Heg.s. + Heg.s.

24Ec.m. ( MeV )- 39 -

6

8

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)+(a.u.)+

06
Energy ( MeV )

4

+

05
+
04
+

0

7

6

6

He + He

He + He

4

+

02

+

01

- 40 -

5

03

−4

−8

+

0f <− 01

8

8

He + He

0

RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

A smoothing method of discrete breakup S-matrix elements in thetheory of continuum-discretized coupled channels†
T. Matsumoto, T. Egami,∗1 K. Ogata,∗1 and M. Yahiro∗1[Nuclear reaction, unstable nuclei]

φ̂i |ψ ≈ φ̂i |ϕ0 φ̂i |C −1 (θ)|φθj +
jk1
φ̃θ |V θ |φθk φ̃θk |C(θ)|ϕ0 ,
ε − θi j

where C(θ) and ϕ0 are the scaling transformation operator and the plane wave of constituent particles in
the projectile, respectively. The complex scaled statesφθi are obtained by diagonalizing the complex-scaled
internal Hamiltonian H θ of the projectile with the L2 type functions: φ̃θj |H θ |φθj  = θj δjj  , where φ̃θj is abiorthogonal function of φθj . When the Gaussian basis
functions are taken in the calculations of φ̂i and φθj , thematrix elements φ̂i |C −1 (θ)|φθj  and φ̃θk |C(θ)|ϕ0  areanalytically obtained. The matrix elements φ̃θj |V θ |φθk 
are also easily obtained by making a single integral.
Thus, this formula is quite useful and applicable not
only to three-body but also four-body breakup reactions.
∗1

Validity of the formula is tested for two kinds ofthree-body breakup reactions, 58 Ni(d,np) at 80 MeV
and 12 C(6 He,2 n4 He) at 229.8 MeV. In the latter, 6 Heshould be treated as the three-body n+n+4 He system.
However, since our interest is the 2+ resonance in thepresent test, we use the dineutron (2 n+4 He) modelthat can describe the 2+ resonance reasonably well.
Figure 1 shows the squared moduli of breakup Smatrix elements, S(k), as a function of the relative momentum k between two constituent particles
 of the projectile. Here S(k) is defined as S(k) = i ψ(k)|φ̂i Ŝi .
The open circles are results calculated with the exact
smoothing factors. The dotted, dashed, and solid lines
correspond to results of the new smoothing method at
the scaling angle θ = 5◦ , 10◦ , and 15◦ , respectively.
For both the cases, the breakup S-matrix elementssmoothed with the formula tend to the exact ones as θ
increases. In a forthcoming paper, we will investigate
the practicability of this formula for four-body breakup
processes of three-body projectiles.
(a)

0.02

o

θ=5
o
θ = 10oθ = 15

0.1

(b)

o

θ=5
o
θ = 10oθ = 15

0.01

2

2

0.05

0
0

exact

|S(k)| [fm]exact

|S(k)| [fm]The study on neutron-rich nuclei has become one of
the central subjects in nuclear physics. Breakup reactions have played key roles in investigating such unstable nuclei. One of the most reliable methods for treating the breakup processes is the method of continuumdiscretized coupled channels (CDCC)1) . In CDCC,
breakup continuum states of a projectile are describedby a finite number of discretized states, which form
a complete set within a finite model space. Consequently, the S-matrix elements calculated with CDCC,
Ŝi , are discrete in continuum, although the exact ones
are continuous. Thus, one needs a way of smoothingŜi in order to analyze real breakup processes.
In principle, this is possible by calculating the overlap functions between the exact continuum states andthe discretized states. The overlap function called thesmoothing factor can be easily calculated in three-bodybreakup reactions of two-body projectiles, but it isquite hard in four-body ones of three-body projectiles.
Very recently, we have proposed a smoothing method
applicable to four-body breakup reactions2) , but it stillrequires heavy numerical calculations.
In this work, we present a simple formula that makes
it possible to smooth Ŝi accurately by using the complex scaling method3) , which is a powerful tool for solving many body resonance and weakly bound states4) .
In the formula, the smoothing factor between the discretized state φ̂i and the continuum one ψ with a positive energy  is calculated by−1

k [fm ]

1

0
0

−1

k [fm ]

1

Fig. 1. The squared moduli of breakup S-matrix elements
as a function of k for 58 Ni(d,pn) at 80 MeV (left panel)and for 12 C(6 He,2 n4 He) at 229.8 MeV.

References
1) M. Kamimura, M. Yahiro, Y. Iseri, Y. Sakuragi,
H. Kameyama and M. Kawai, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
No. 89 (1986), 1 and references therein.
2) T. Egami, T. Matsumoto, K. Ogata and M. Yahiro,
arXiv:0812.3693 [nucl-th].
3) J. Aguilar and J.M. Combes, Commun. Math. Phys.,
22, 269, (1971). E. Balslev and J.M. Combes, Commun. Math. Phys., 22, 280, (1971).
4) T. Myo, S. Aoyama, K. Katō, and K. Ikeda, Phys. Rev.
C 63,054313 (2001). T. Myo, K. Katō, H. Toki, and K.
Ikeda, Phys. Rev. C 76, 024305 (2007).

Department of Physics, Kyushu University- 41 -

1

RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

Elastic and total reaction cross sections of oxygen isotopes
in Glauber theory†
B. Abu-Ibrahim,∗1 S. Iwasaki,∗2,∗3 W. Horiuchi,∗2 A. Kohama, and Y. Suzuki,∗4

Studies on neutron-rich unstable nuclei have been
attracting attention both experimentally and theoretically.1) These studies are motivated, for example, bythat we want to understand the nuclear structure andexcitation mode of neutron-rich nuclei as well as theirrole in forming heavy elements in stars. Binding energy, radius and density distribution, among others,
are basic quantities for determining nuclear properties.
Reactions of unstable neutron-rich nuclei with a proton target are, therefore, of current interest as they areat present a major means to probe the matter densities
of exotic nuclei, particularly the region of the nuclear
surface. If one appropriately selects incident energies,
protons could be more sensitive to the neutron distributions than to the proton distributions of nuclei.
In this work, we systematically calculate the total
reaction cross sections of oxygen isotopes, 15−24 O, on
a 12 C target at high energies using the Glauber theory. We also study the differential elastic-scatteringcross sections of p -20,21,23 O to examine the sensitivityof the diffraction pattern to the nuclear surface. The
oxygen isotopes are described with the Slater determinants generated from a phenomenological mean-fieldpotential containing central and spin-orbit potentials,
which is an extension of our previous work for describing carbon isotopes.2,3) The strength of the spin-orbit
potential is set to follow the standard value, whereasthat of the central part is chosen so as to reproduce
the separation energy of the last nucleon.2) This prescription is called the “Sn model” hereafter. It apparently ignores the pairing effect, which gives a larger
separation energy for the even-N nuclei than for the
odd-N nuclei. Therefore, this model tends to predicta too large size for the odd-N isotope. To remedy
this problem, we test another one, called the “Sn 
model”, which fits the average separation energy forthe nucleons in the last orbit. The agreement between
theoretical and experimental results is generally good,
especially in the Sn  model, but the sharp increase of
the total reaction (interaction) cross sections from 21 O
to 23 O remains an open question.
As a possible cross section that may depend on the
†
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Condensed from the article in J. Phys. Soc. Japan 78,
044001 (2009).
Department of Physics, Cairo University, Egypt
Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University
Present address: Intertrade Co., Ltd.
Department of Physics and Graduate School of Science andTechnology, Niigata University- 42 -

dσ/dΩ (mb/sr)[Nuclear reaction, total reaction cross sections, elastic scattering, unstable nuclei]
10

4

10

3

10

2

10

1

10

0

20

p- O

300 MeV

-1

10

-2

10

-3

10

-4

10

0

10

20

30

θc.m. (deg)4050Fig. 1. Prediction of differential elastic-scattering cross section for p -20 O at Ep = 300 MeV. The curve represents
the full calculation with the harmonic-oscillator shellmodel wave function.

nuclear radius more sensitively than the reaction crosssection, we examine the differential cross sections of
the p-20,21,23 O elastic scatterings at the incident energy of Ep = 300 MeV. For this purpose, we calculate
the full Glauber amplitude using harmonic-oscillator
wave functions. We prepare two amplitudes: One is
obtained using the scale parameter of the wave function to reproduce the numerical result of each matterradius in the Sn  model, the other is obtained using
the scale parameter to reproduce the empirical valueof each total reaction (interaction) cross section. The
differential cross sections calculated from the two amplitudes are found out to be not very different up to
the second minimum of the angular distribution.
Finally, we predict the differential cross section for
p -20 O elastic scattering (Fig. 1), which has recently
been measured.4) Our prediction appears consistent
with preliminary data. This implies that it is possible
to calculate to a good approximation the total reactionand elastic scattering cross sections at high energies.
References
1) A. Ozawa et al.: Nucl. Phys. A 693, 32 (2001).
2) W. Horiuchi, Y. Suzuki, B. Abu-Ibrahim, and A. Kohama: Phys. Rev. C 75, 044607 (2007); Erratum: ibid.
C 76, 039903(E) (2007).
3) B. Abu-Ibrahim, W. Horiuchi, A. Kohama, and Y.
Suzuki: Phys. Rev. C 77, 034607 (2008).
4) S. Terashima et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 18(2007).

1

RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

Shell-model description of beta-decays for pfg-shell nuclei
M. Honma,∗1 T. Otsuka,∗2,∗3 T. Mizusaki,∗4 and M. Hjorth-Jensen∗5

The effective interaction is a key ingredient for successful shell-model calculations. Owing to recent developments in computers as well as novel numerical techniques, the applicability of the shell model is rapidly
expanding. On the other hand, our knowledge of theeffective interaction is still insufficient especially forcases where more than one major shell should be taken
as an active valence space. Such a treatment is essentially important for describing neutron-rich nuclei.
We have developed an effective interaction1) forshell-model calculations in the model space consistingof valence orbits 1p3/2 , 0f5/2 , 1p1/2 and 0g9/2 assuming
an inert 56 Ni core (f5pg9-shell). It can be regarded asa first step for future extensions to the pf+sdg model
space. Starting from a microscopic interaction (renormalized G-matrix)2) based on a realistic NN-potential,
we have varied 45 linear combinations of Hamiltonianparameters (133 two-body matrix elements and four
single-particle energies) by a least-squares fit to the
400 experimental binding and excitation energy dataout of 87 nuclei with masses A=63-96. In the latest
iteration, we have attained the rms error of 185 keV.
As an application of this interaction, we have evaluated the β-decay properties for N =50 and 49 nuclei,
aiming at the analysis of the r-process nucleosynthesis.
For understanding the r-process, we need precise information of nuclear properties over a wide mass range
under extreme conditions which is not accessible bycurrent experiments. For this purpose, nuclear structure calculations based on the mean-field approximation have been widely used. Such methods are applicable to any nuclei in the nuclear chart, but are notnecessarily accurate because only limited correlations
can be treated. On the other hand, the shell model cantreat any two-body correlations and can give accurate
description of nuclear structure, if we can use suitablychosen model spaces and effective interactions.
Because of the strong energy dependence of thephase space factor, low-lying states mainly contribute to the β-decay half-life. The spin-flip decaysνg9/2 →πg7/2 and νf5/2 →πf7/2 are both out of thepresent f5pg9-shell model space. Since we consider
N =50 and 49 neutron-rich nuclei, the former mode
should appear at high excitation energy in the daugh∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

Center for Mathematical Sciences, University of Aizu
Department of Physics and Center for Nuclear Studies, University of Tokyo
National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan
State University
Institute of Natural Sciences, Senshu University
Department of Physics and Center of Mathematics for Applications, University of Oslo

- 43 -

half life (sec)[NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, shell model, unstable nuclei]
10

9

10

8

10

7

10

6

10

5

10

4

10

3

10

2

10

1

10

0

10

−1

10

−2

N=50
N=49
N=49 isomer

27

28

29

30

31

32

33
Z

34

35

36

37

38

39

Fig. 1. Comparison of the β-decay half-life between theshell-model results (lines) and experimental data (symbols) for N =50 and 49 nuclei. For N =49 cases, theresults for the low-lying isomer are also shown.

ter nucleus and may not be important. On the other
hand, the latter mode may be important because itis predicted that, due to the strong repulsive interaction between the πf7/2 and the νg9/2 orbit through thetensor force3) , as neutrons occupy the g9/2 orbit, theeffective single-particle energy gap above the proton
f7/2 orbit decreases and the excitation from the Z=28
core may be enhanced.
We have calculated the β-decay half-life for the allowed transitions by using the experimental Q-values
and the same quenching factor q=0.6 for the evaluation of the Gamow-Teller strength as in Ref.1) . Shellmodel calculations have been carried out in a conventional way by using the code MSHELL.4) The results
are shown in Fig.1. It can be seen that the shell-model
results are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data for less neutron-rich nuclei (Z>30) except for 84 Br, 85 Kr and the isomer state in 81 Ge, while
for neutron-rich nculei (Z<30), the shell-model predictions systematically underestimate the experimental values. This result may indicate the importance ofan explicit treatment of the Z=28 core excitation.
References
1) M.Honma et al.: J. of Phys.: Conf. Ser. 49, 45 (2006).
2) M. Hjorth-Jensen et al.: Phys. Rep. 261, 125 (1995).
3) T. Otsuka, et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 232502 (2005).
4) T. Mizusaki: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 33, 14 (2000).

1RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Skyrme-QRPA calculation for exotic modes in neutron-rich Mg
isotopes close to the drip line†
Kenichi Yoshida[nuclear structure, density functional theory, unstable nuclei]
Presently, small excitation energies of the first 2++
state and striking enhancements of B(E2; 0+
1 → 21 )
32
1)
34
2–4)
in Mg and Mg
are being actively discussed
in connection with the onset of quadrupole deformation, breaking of the N = 20 spherical magic number, pairing correlation and continuum coupling effects. In order to get clear understanding of the natureof quadrupole deformation and pairing correlations, it
is highly desirable to explore, both experimentally andtheoretically, excitation spectra of these nuclei towarda drip line.
We apply the new calculation scheme of the deformed Quasiparticle-RPA on top of the SkyrmeHartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mean field developed inRef.5) to the low-frequency excitation modes inneutron-rich Magnesium isotopes close to the drip line,
and investigate the microscopic mechanism of the excitation modes uniquely appearing in deformed neutronrich nuclei.
Figure 1 shows the low-lying excitation spectra for
the K π = 0+ modes appearing as the 0+
2 states. Here
excitation energies are evaluated byE(I, K) = h̄ωRPA +h̄2(I(I + 1) − K 2 ),
2JTV

(1)

in terms of the vibrational frequencies ωRPA and theThouless-Valatin moment of inertia JTV calculated
microscopically by the QRPA as described in Ref.6).
As can be seen in this figure, the appearance of thesoft K π = 0+ modes is quite sensitive to the neutron
number, i.e., the shell structure around the Fermi levelof neutrons.
In Ref.6) , we have discussed the generic feature of the

0

0+

+

π

4+

4+

2+

2+

2+

2+

0+

0+

0+

0+

34

36

38

40

4+
E (MeV)

2

1

0

Mg

Mg

Mg

4

+

+

K =0
K π = 2+

0+

Mg

1.57
1.41

36

Mg

1.58
1.41

38

Mg

1.82
1.55

40

Mg

1.91
1.79

References
1) T. Motobayashi et al., Phys. Lett. B346, 9 (1995).
2) K. Yoneda et al., Phys. Lett. B499, 223 (2001).
3) J. A. Church et al., Phys. Rev. C 72, 054320 (2005).
4) Z. Elekes et al., Phys. Rev. C 73, 044314 (2006).
5) K. Yoshida and N. Van Giai, Phys. Rev. C 78, 064316(2008).
6) K. Yoshida and M. Yamagami, Phys. Rev. C 77, 044312(2008).

Mg

Fig. 1. Low-excitation energy spectra of 34,36,38,40 Mg.
†

Table 1. Ratios of the neutron and proton matrix elementsMν /Mπ divided by N/Z.
34

0+

3

low-lying K π = 0+ modes in deformed neutron-richnuclei using a phenomenological mean field and QRPA
model: In a deformed system where the up-sloping
oblate-type and the down-sloping prolate-type orbitals
exist near the Fermi level, one obtains a low-lying mode
possessing enhanced strengths both for the quadrupole
p-h transition and for the quadrupole p-p (pair) transition induced by the pairing fluctuations. The upsloping and down-sloping orbitals have quadrupole moments with opposite signs. In the present calculation
employing the SkM* energy density functional, andthe mixed-type pairing energy density functional, we
obtain similar conclusions.
Furthermore, it is found that the low-lying collective modes in drip-line nuclei are characterized by theenhancement of excitation of neutrons. We summarize in Table 1 the ratio of the matrix elements forneutrons and protons normalized by that of the neutron and proton numbers, (Mν /Mπ )/(N/Z), for thelowest excitation modes. As the neutron drip line isapproached, the contribution of the neutron excitation
increases. This is understood as follows: In drip-line
nuclei, the neutron two-quasiparticle (2qp) excitations
predominantly take place outside of the nuclear surface. Therefore, the transition strengths of the 2qp
excitation of neutrons become large. The proton p-h
excitations, however, concentrate in the surface region.
Consequently, coupling of the excitations between neutrons and protons becomes smaller, and the transition
strengths of neutrons (Mν2 ) and protons (Mπ2 ) become
extremely asymmetric.

Condensed from article in Eur. Phys. J. A (in press).

- 44 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Evolution of the spin-orbit splitting in 48 Ca probed by thespectroscopic factor
Y. Utsuno,∗1 T. Otsuka,∗2∗3 B.A. Brown,∗4∗3 M. Honma,∗5 and T. Mizusaki∗6[Nuclear structure, shell model, unstable nuclei]
Evolution of the shell structure in unstable nuclei is
attracting significant interest among radioactive beamfacilities throughout the world. The disappearance of
the N = 20 magic number and the appearance of a
new N = 16 magic number were excellently describedby shell-model calculations with the SDPF-M interaction,1) where the changing magic structure is caused
by a strong T = 0 monopole interaction between 0d3/2
and 0d5/2 . Recently, it has been pointed out that thisstrong monopole interaction between the particular orbits is an example of the evolution of the shell structure (referred to as “shell evolution”) caused by thetensor force.2) The present study aims to investigate
dominance of the tensor force in shell evolution basedon a shell-model calculation including an appropriate
tensor force. The work was carried out in part as a
RIKEN-CNS collaboration project on large-scale nuclear structure calculations.
We constructed a new sd-pf shell interaction. Standard shell-model interactions were adopted as theintra-shell interactions: USD3) for the sd shell and
GXPF1B (a small modification to GXPF1A4) ) for the
pf shell. We substituted a newly constructed interaction for the cross-shell part. Its tensor force is the π +ρexchange potential with cutoff at 0.7 fm,2) and the central force is a single-range Gaussian force whose parameters are determined so as to give a monopole centroid
similar to that of the GXPF1 interaction. Note thatno direct fitting to experiment is adopted to determine
the interaction.
While the central force is hardly responsible for theevolution of the spin-orbit splitting, the tensor force
strongly reduces that of the proton as neutrons occupy
the intruder orbit such as 0f7/2 . We thus study the
proton hole states in 47 K to examine the dominanceof the tensor force in the shell evolution. Since proton 0d5/2 is located rather deeply there, its hole state
does not concentrate on a single level but fragments
into many levels. In such cases, the spectroscopic factor gives essential information on the single-particle (or
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy
AgencyDepartment of Physics and Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan
State University
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University
Center for Mathematical Sciences, University of Aizu
Institute of Natural Sciences, Senshu University- 45 -

1

2+

2

C S(e,e’p)

3/2
1/2

+

+

5/2

0
1
2

C S(calc.)*0.7

2
05
Ex (MeV)Fig. 1. Comparison of the distribution of spectroscopic factors for one-proton pickup from 48 Ca between an (e,e p) experiment5) (upper) and the shell-model calculation (lower). Overall quenching by 0.7 is included in
the calculation. The spectroscopic factors of 0d5/2 arepresented by thick lines. Taken from6) .

hole) level. In Fig. 1, the distribution of spectroscopic
factors for one-proton pickup from 48 Ca is compared
between experiment and the present calculation. Boththe position of the 5/2+ states and their spectroscopic
factor strength are reproduced very well. If there isno tensor force in the cross-shell interaction, the spinorbit splitting between proton d orbits becomes larger.
Then, the agreement of the 0d5/2 hole states is significantly worse so that the two major peaks at around 3
MeV and 5 MeV are reduced and the peak of around
9 MeV is enhanced. Hence, this result provides a clear
evidence for the significance of the tensor force in shellevolution.
References
1) Y. Utsuno, T. Otsuka, T. Mizusaki, and M. Honma:
Phys. Rev. C 60, 054315 (1999).
2) T. Otsuka, T. Suzuki, R. Fujimoto, H. Grawe, andY. Akaishi: Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 232502 (2005).
3) B.A. Brown and B.H. Wildenthal: Ann. Rev. Nucl.
Part. Sci. 38, 29 (1988).
4) M. Honma, T. Otsuka, B. A. Brown, and T. Mizusaki:
Eur. Phys. J. A 25 Suppl. 1, 499 (2005).
5) G.J. Kramer et al.: Nucl. Phys. A 679, 267 (2001).
6) Y. Utsuno, T. Otsuka, B.A. Brown, T. Mizusaki, andM. Honma: Proc. 6th Japan-Italy Symposium on Heavy
Ion Physics, to be published in AIP Conf. Proc. (AIP,2009).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Density functional for description of novel pairing properties innuclei far from β-stability
M. Yamagami, Y. R. Shimizu∗1 , and T. Nakatsukasa[Neutron-rich nuclei, pairing correlations, density functional theory]
Aiming for a universal description of pairing correlations in nuclei far from β-stability, we extend the energy density functional (DF) by enriching the density
dependence of the isoscalar and isovector couplings in
the particle-particle channel (pair-DF). We emphasize
the necessity of the quadratic isovector density term1)
in addition to the linear terms2) for description of pairing properties in nuclei with large neutron excess.
We propose a pair-DF of the following form;
V0 
2gτ [ρ, ρ1 ] {ρ̃τ (r)}(1)
Hpair (r) =4
τ =n,pwith

1 ρ (r)τ3 ρ1 (r)gτ [ρ, ρ1 ] = 1 −
− η1
− η2
2 ρ0
ρ0



ρ1 (r)
ρ0

2

(2)
.

Here τ = n (neutron) or p (proton), the strength V0 ,and ρ0 = 0.16 fm−3 is the saturation density of symmetric nuclear matter. ρ (ρ1 ) is isoscalar (isovector)
density. The τ3 = 1 (n) or −1 (p) in the linear ρ1 term
is introduced so as to preserves the charge symmetryof the pair-DF.
The parameters η1 and η2 are optimized so as toreproduce the average dependence of pairing gaps on
the mass number A and asymmetry parameter α =(N − Z)/A:(3)∆n,exp (α) = 1 − 7.74 α2 ∆(A)
n
 (A)

2
(4)
∆p,exp (α) = 1 − 8.25 α ∆p ,(A)

Fig. 2. (Left) The r.m.s. deviations are shown as a function of η1 . The results with either η2 = 0 or 5/2 arecompared. (Right) The same but as a function of η2with η1 = 0.2. The V0 is fixed for each (η1 , η2 ) so as toreproduce the measured ∆n of 156 Dy.

(A)with ∆n = 6.75/A1/3 MeV and ∆p = 6.36/A1/3
MeV1) . For this purpose, we performed the extensive Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculation with
Skyrme SLy4 force for 156 even-even nuclei aroundthe region of A = 120 − 120 and α = 0.05 − 0.25. We
showed that the parameters set (η1 , η2 ) = (0.2, 2.5)
not only gives a good description of the A- and α- dependence1) (see Fig. 1, for neutron pairing gaps ∆n ),but also minimamizes the r.m.s. deviation between themeasured and calculated pairing gaps (Fig. 2). The
r.m.s deviation is defined by
1/2

2

1
∆τ, HFB − ∆τ, exp  .(5)σtot = Nexp τ
N,Z

Here Nexp = 177 is the number of existing data forpairing gaps in the region of the present investigation.

∗1

Fig. 1. Neutron pairing gaps obtained with (η1 , η2 ) =(0.2, 2.5) are plotted as a function of α. The pairing(A)gaps are divided by ∆n . The V0 is fixed so as to reproduce the measured ∆n of 156 Dy.

The strength V0 is fixed so as to reproduce themesured ∆n of 156 Dy. This enables us to reducethe computational efforts considerably compared tothe determination of V0 by χ2 fitting to the experimental data in the wide region of the nuclear chart.
This choice gives σtot = 0.17 MeV, which is close to
σtot = 0.16 MeV obtained with the optimized V0 , andmuch smaller than σtot = 0.34 MeV with the standard
choice reproducing the measured ∆n of 120 Sn.
References
1) M. Yamagami, Y. R. Shimizu, and T. Nakatsukasa: submitted to Phys. Rev. C (2008).
2) M. Yamagami and Y. R. Shimizu: Phys. Rev. C 77,
064319 (2008).

Department of Physics, Kyushu University- 46 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Two-neutron and two-proton correlations in nuclear surface
Y. Kanada-En’yo,∗1 N. Hinohara,∗1 T. Suhara,∗2[NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, Unstable nuclei, Cluster]2D nnΦ (r⊥ , χ1 , χ2 ),
(2)
= Enn
nn
Φ = ψ nn (r⊥ ) ⊗ XS=0 (χ1 , χ2 ),
(3)

 0s
 0s

2D
0s
0s
V (r⊥ ) = φ (z1 )φ (z2 ) V (r) φ (z1 )φ (z2 ) . (4)nnis the spatial wave function normalized asψ 2(r⊥ ) nn
d r⊥ |ψ (r⊥ )|2 = 1, and XS=0 is the intrinsic-spinwave function for the spin-zero channel.
We calculated the two-neutron wave function inquasi-2D with the width a by using the Minnesota force
which is an eﬀective interaction adjusted to the experimental S-wave N N scattering lengths. It is known
that a bound state in 2D can form at any arbitrarily small attraction. Since the 1 S nuclear force is attractive at low energy, the two-neutron bound state isformed in quasi-2D with an arbitrary width a. Because
the interaction V 2D (r⊥ ) in 2D space becomes stronger
for the smaller width a of the layer than the larger
∗1
∗2

0.25

a=1 fmψ( r )

0.2
T

whereas the motion of the neutrons within the layer
is free. Let us consider an two-neutron system in thisquasi-2D space. By integrating the z coordinates, we
can get the 2D Schrödinger equation with respect tor⊥ ≡ x2 + y 2 for the S-wave relative wave function
Φnn (r⊥ , χ1 , χ2 ),
 2 21 ∂∂h̄++ V 2D (r⊥ ) Φnn (r⊥ , χ1 , χ2 )−m ∂r⊥r⊥ ∂r⊥

one, energy and size of the two-neutron bound state
decrease as the width a gets small. For example, in2D
is −1.9 MeV andquasi-2D with a = 1, the energy Enn
2
the size r⊥ =4.3 fm. In Fig. 1, the calculated wave
functions of the two-neutron and the two-proton statesin quasi-2D are shown. The wave function ψ nn (r⊥ )shows the prominent peak at small distance r⊥ region
in quasi-2D with a = 1 and a = 2 fm. This indicatesthat the spatial correlation of two neutrons is enhanced
in quasi-2D systems. We also calculated the wave function for an two-proton system in quasi-2D by adding
the Coulomb force, and found that the two-proton correlation is still prominent if the layer is thin enough as
a = 1 − 2 fm.
The present results suggest that, if valence neutrons(protons) concentrate in the surface layer of neutronrich (proton-rich) nuclei, spatial correlations of two
neutrons (protons) in S = 0 channel can be enhanced.

nn
pp (+Vcoul)

0.15
0.1

a=2 fm

0.05
0

0

2

4

6

8

10

r (fm)
T

Two-neutron correlation in neutron-rich nuclei ispresently one of the hot subjects in the physics of unstable nuclei. In two-neutron halo nuclei such as 11 Li,
the dineutron correlation was theoretically predicted
in many works and was supported by experiments.
The dineutron correlation, which is characterized bya strong spatial correlation of two neutrons in the 1 S
channel, is discussed also in light neutron-rich nuclei
such as 8 He1–3) and also in medium-heavy neutron-richnuclei4,5) as well as asymmetric nuclear matter6,7) .
Our aim in this paper is to reveal how two neutrons can form in the nuclear surface. For this aim,
we consider a very simpliﬁed model of quasi twodimensional(2D) neutron systems which mimic a neutron layer in the surface where distribution of valence
neutrons concentrates. We assume for simplicity thatthe transverse z-direction of the quasi-2D plane can beapproximated by a frozen Gaussian packet,


1/4

1
z2
0s
exp − 2 ,(1)
φ (z) =
πa22aFig. 1. Two-neutron and two-proton wave functions
ψ nn (r⊥ ) ψ pp (r⊥ ) in quasi-2D with the width parameter a = 1 and a = 2 fm calculated with the Minnesota
force with and without the Coulomb force.

References
1) Y. Kanada-En’yo, Phys. Rev. C 76, 044323 (2007).
2) N. Itagaki, M. Ito, K. Arai, S. Aoyama and T. Kokalova,
Phys. Rev. C 78, 017306 (2008).
3) K. Hagino, N. Takahashi and H. Sagawa, Phys. Rev. C
77, 054317 (2008).
4) M. Matsuo, K. Mizuyama and Y. Serizawa, Phys. Rev.
C 71, 064326 (2005).
5) N. Pillet, N. Sandulescu and P. Schuck, Phys. Rev. C
76, 024310 (2007).
6) F. V. De Blasio, M. Hjorth-Jensen, O. Elgaroy, L. Engvik, G. Lazzari, M. Baldo and H. J. Schulze, Phys.
Rev. C 56, 2332 (1997).
7) M. Matsuo, Phys. Rev. C 73, 044309 (2006).

Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University,
Japan
Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Japan- 47 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41
42 ((2008)2009)

Calculation of nuclear photoabsorption cross section using the finite
amplitude method for Skyrme functionals
T. Inakura,∗1 , T. Nakatsukasa, and K. Yabana,∗2[Nuclear structure, random-phase approximation, photonuclear reaction]h0 |φi  = i |φi .

(1)Then, we solve the following linear response equations
by iteration.
ω|Xi  = (h0 − i ) |Xi  + P̂ {Vext + δh} |φi ,−ωYi | = Yi | (h0 − i ) + φi | {Vext + δh} P̂ .

(2)
(3)

Here, Vext indicates an external perturbative field, andP̂ the projection operator onto the particle space. |Xi and |Yi  are RPA forward and backward amplitudes,
respectively, δh is the induced residual field, which is∗1∗2Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba
Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba- 48 -

evaluated with the FAM technique1) .
Figure 1 shows the accuracy of the FAM. Smearing
the result of the diagonalization of the RPA matrix(vertical lines)2) with a width of 2 MeV, we obtain thesolid curve. Circles indicate the results of the FAM.
These two different calculations provide identical results. This proves that the numerical differentiationin the FAM for realistic Skyrme functionals is sufficiently accurate in practice. Note that the required
computational resource for the diagonalization method
is much larger than that for the FAM. As an exampleof the FAM results, we show in Fig. 2 the calculated
photoabsorption cross sections for deformed 24 Mg and28
Si. The systematic calculations of nuclear photoabsorption cross sections are under progress.
References
1) T. Nakatsukasa, T. Inakura, and K. Yabana, Phys. Rev.
C 76, 024318 (2007).
2) H. Imagawa and Y. Hashimoto. Phys. Rev. C, 67,037302 (2003).
Cross Section [mbarn]

40

16
30

O

20

10

0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

Excitation Energy [MeV]Fig. 1. Comparison of the photoabsorption cross sectionsfor 16 O obtained with different methods. The SIII parameter set is used. See text for explanation.
40

80

24

Mg

30

Cross Section [mbarn]

In the description of the dynamical properties in the
nuclear response to external fields, the random-phaseapproximation (RPA) is a leading theory applicable
to both low-lying states and giant resonances. The
RPA is a microscopic theory, which can be obtained bylinearizing the time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF)
equation, or equivalently, the time-dependent KohnSham equation in density-functional theory. The linearization produces a self-consistent residual interaction, v = δ 2 E[ρ]/δρ2 , where E and ρ are the energydensity functional and the one-body density, respectively. The standard solution of the RPA is based on
the matrix formulation of the RPA equation, which involves a large number of particle-hole matrix elementsof the residual interaction, vph ,hp and vpp ,hh . Since
the realistic nuclear energy functional is rather complicate, it is a hard work to calculate all the necessary
matrix elements. Although there have been numerous
studies on HF-plus-RPA calculations, because of thiscomplexity it has been a common practice to neglectsome parts of the residual interactions. RPA calculations with the full self-consistency are becoming a current trend in nuclear structure studies, however, theapplications to deformed nuclei are still scarce.
Recently, we have proposed a new practical methodof solving the RPA equation, which we name the finite amplitude method (FAM)1) . The most advantageous feature of the present approach is that it does
not require an explicit calculation of the residual interactions. Instead, the FAM estimates them using theoperations of the single-particle Hamiltonian with thenumerical differentiation. The numerical procedure is
as follows. First, we calculate the ground state using the imaginary-time method, and obtain the singleparticle orbitals and their eigenenergies:

20

40

10

20

0
40

0
80

30

60

20

40

10

20

0
10

15

20

25

30

28

60

35

0
10

15

20

25

Si

30

35

Excitation Energy [MeV]Fig. 2. Calculated photoabsorption cross sections in light
deformed nuclei 24 Mg and 28 Si with experimental data.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

5

S(DIV;E) [e fm /MeV]BCStotal
BCSx
BCSy
BCSz

3

2

2

4

2
1
0

- 49 -

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Energy [ MeV ]

35

40

45

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of QRPA code with an FAM method
P. Avogadro, T. Nakatsukasa[Nuclear structure, QRPA]QRPA is a technique successfully employed to study
the low-lying excited states and giant resonances of a
nucleus where pairing correlations cannot be neglected.
The idea behind this study is to generalize the Finite
Amplitude Method (FAM) for random phase approximation (RPA)1) to quasi particle RPA (QRPA). QRPA
can be obtained as a limit for small amplitude oscillations from the Time Dependent Hartree Fock Bogoliubov equations (TDHFB)2)ih̄

∂R= [H(t) + F (t), R(t)]∂t(1)

where R(t) is the generalized density matrix, F(t) isthe external perturbation field, which may include twoparticle transfer operators, and H(t) is the HFB Hamiltonian:


h
∆
H=
∆† −h
In the frequency representation for small amplitude
oscillations Eq. (1) becomes






(2)

R(t) = R0 + R eiωt + h.c.



(3)



(4)

h̄ωR = [H , R0 ] + [H0 , R ] + [F, R0 ](η being a small parameter)1)δh(ω) =1(h[ψ |, |ψ] − h[φ|, |φ])
η

(6)


which is correct with a proper choice of ψ | and |ψas combinations of the single-particle orbitals and theforward- and backward-going amplitudes. This numerical derivation allows to obtain the RPA equations
from a Hartree-Fock code with simple modifications.
The RPA equations are then solved by using iterative
methods. In QRPA, there is the second derivative of
the energy respect not only to the normal density, butalso the abnormal density. Currently we are developing a framework for the FAM, which can be applied to
HFB+QRPA.
References
1) T. Nakatsukasa, T. Inakura and K. Yabana: Phys. Rev.
C 76, 024318 (2007)
2) J.P. Blaizot and G. Ripka: Quantum Theory of Finite
Systems, The MIT press, Cambridge Massachussetts

Where

H(t) = H0 + H eiωt + h.c.
and the generalized density is:
 



ρ
k
R =


k̄ −ρ

These equations not only involve the diagonalizationof large matrices, but also calculation of the matrix elements is generally very difficult. In the past, analytic
calculation of the self-consistent residual interaction
has been truncated, so the results were not completely
self-consistent. The variation of the HFB Hamiltonianis  11


H
H 12
H =


H 21 H 22

Calculation of the matrix H involves the evaluation
of:



∂2E
∂2E
∂2E
k̄
ρkl ;
kkl ;
∗
∗
∂ρkl ∂ρij∂kkl ∂ρij∂ k̄kl ∂ρ∗ij kl(5)where the derivatives are evaluated on the HFB groundstate.
In the HF+RPA (∆ = 0), the FAM provides a feasible evaluation of δh by taking a numerical derivation- 50 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)2009)

Spectroscopic Factors in Asymmetric Nuclei From Realistic
Interactions
C. Barbieri,∗

Π

(ph)

Π

(ph)

g II

(pp/hh)cleon separation energy. A dispersive optical model
analysis, which is constrained to data up to 48 Ca,
has also been extrapolated to proton rich Ca isotopes,with similar ﬁndings.8,9) However, for both analyses
the change in magnitude is signiﬁcantly smaller thanthe one deduced from direct knockout data.3)
95

Spect. factor [%]Spectroscopic factors (SFs) for particle and hole
states around closed shell nuclei are of particular interest since they carry important information regarding nuclear structure.1,2) Strong deviations from unity
signal the onset of substantial correlation eﬀects andimply the existence of non trivial many-body dynamics. Understanding how SFs change when moving close
to the drip lines is important to constrain theoreticalmodels for studying radioactive isotopes. The ﬁrst information on these features has recently become available using one-nucleon knockout experiments in inverse
kinematics. In general, it is found that SFs do changewith proton-neutron asymmetry and the quenching of
quasiparticle orbits (and hence correlations) become
stronger with increasing separation energy.3)
Spectroscopic factors for both symmetric and asymmetric nuclei are being calculated within the framework of self-consistent Green’s functions theory. Calculations are large scale and based on modern realistic
nuclear forces. The Faddeev random phase approximation (FRPA) method is used to account for the interaction between nucleons and collective excitation of
the nucleus.4,5) This is done by resumming Feynman
diagrams such as the one depicted in Fig. 1. There,the Π(ω) and g II (ω) propagators carry information on
the collective motion of particle-hole (giant resonance)
and two-particle or two-hole (pairing like) conﬁgurations. The eﬀects of short-range correlations are also
taken into account by using the G-matrix technique.

90
85

17
41

Sc

O

neutrons
protons

60

Ca
41

28

Ca

40

O

Ca

16

O

40

80

Ca 16

29

75

60

61

O

Sc

Ca

F
28

70

O

0

5

10

15

20

Sp,n [MeV]

25

30

35

Fig. 2. SFs obtained from partially self-consistent FRPA.
All numbers are given as a fraction of the IPM value
and refer to transitions from ground state to groundstate. The points refer to knockout of a nucleon fromthe isotope indicated nearby. The lines are a guide to
the eye.

Collective excitations, from Fig. 1 are the most important degrees of freedom governing the reduction ofSFs.6) These are properly accounted for by the FRPA
approach. However, realistic two-nucleon forces suchas the one used here have a tendency to underestimate
their importance. Hence, the dependence on asymmetry seen in Fig. 2 may become more substantial once
FRPA calculations with improved forces are available.
References

Fig. 1. Example of a diagram appearing in the all-orders
summation generated by the FRPA method.

Figure 2 shows the ﬁrst FRPA results for the spectroscopic factors of quasiparticles around 16,28 O and40,60
Ca.6) These are based on the realistic chiral N3LO
interaction.7) A dependence on proton-neutron asymmetry is indeed observed in the FRPA, with the spectroscopic factors becoming smaller with increasing nu∗

Theoretical Nuclear Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Nishina
Center, Japan- 51 -

1) L. Lapikás, Nucl. Phys. A553, 297c (1993).
2) W. H. Dickhoﬀ and C. Barbieri, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys.
52, 377 (2004).
3) A. Gade, et al., Phys. Rev. C 77, 0044306 (2008).
4) C. Barbieri and W. H. Dickhoﬀ, Phys. Rev. C 63,
034313 (2001).
5) C. Barbieri, D. Van Neck and W. H. Dickhoﬀ, Phys.
Rev. A 76, 052503 (2007).
6) C. Barbieri and W. H. Dickhoﬀ, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A24,
2060, (2009).
7) D. R. Entem and R. Machleidt, Phys. Rev. C 68,
041001(R) (2003).
8) R. J. Charity et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 162503 (2006).
9) R. J. Charity et al., Phys. Rev. C 76, 044314 (2007).

1

RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

Ab-initio Green’s Functions Calculations of Atoms
C. Barbieri,∗1 and D. Van Neck,∗2
Density functional theory (DFT) allows for acurate calculations of ground states energies, while only
single-particle (sp) equations must be solved. There is
therefore a continuing interest in studying conceptual
improvements and extensions to the DFT framework.
An approach in this direction has been proposed inRef.1) by developing a quasi-particle (QP)-DFT formalism, in which QP properties can be obtained alongwith ground state energies. Given the close relation
between QP-DFT and the Green’s functions (GF) formulation of many-body theory, we employ ab initio
calculations in the latter formalism to investigate thestructure of possible QP-DFT functionals. Recent advances in such calculations are reported below.
We employ the Faddeev random phase approximation (FRPA) expansion of the self-energy2,3) . Thismethod explicitely accounts for coupling of electrons
to particle-hole (ph) and two-particle (pp) or two-hole(hh) collective excitations of the system. The latter are
obtained in the RPA framework.The FRPA method includes the GW approximation but goes further beyond
since it accounts completely for exchange correlations
at the 2p1h/2h1p level and it includes the propagationof pp/hh conﬁgurations.

He
Be
Ne
Mg

Hartree-Fock-2.860 (+44)-14.573 (+94)-128.547 (+281)-199.617 (+426)

FRPA-2.903 (+1)-14.643 (+24)-128.917 (+11)-200.058 (-15)

Exp.5,6)-2.904-14.667-128.928-200.043

Table 1. Hartree-Fock and Faddeev-RPA binding energies(in Hartree) extrapolated from the cc-pVTZ and ccpVQZ basis sets. The deviations from the experimentare indicated in parentheses (in mH). For Mg, the ccpCV(TQ)Z bases were used.

He: 1sHartree-Fock0.918 (+14)

FRPA
0.900 (-4)

Exp.5,6)0.904

Be: 2s1s0.309 (-34)
4.733 (+200)

0.322 (-21)
4.540 (+7)

0.343
4.533

Ne: 2p1s0.850 (+57)
1.931 (+149)

0.803 (+10)
1.795 (+13)

0.793
1.782

Mg: 3s2p0.253 (-28)
2.281 (+161)

0.277 (-4)
2.130 (+10)

0.281
2.12

Ar: 3p3s
2p0.590 (+11)
1.276 (+201)
9.570 (+410)

0.578 (-1)
1.065 (-10)
9.199 (+39)

0.579
1.075
9.160

Table 2. Ionization energies obtained from Hartree-Fockand the Faddeev-RPA method (in Hartree). All results
are extrapolated from the cc-pVTZ and cc-pVQZ bases.
The deviations from the experiment are given in mH.

ence of very soft excitations in the Jπ =1− ,S=1 channel
which can drive the ph RPA equation to instability.
Ionization energies are shown in Tab. 2. The extrapolated results deviate from experiment by about 5 mH
for the ﬁrst ionization energies, while it increases to
10-15 mH for the separation of slightly deeper electron
orbits. Schirmer and co-workers already pointed out
the importance of a treatment that is consistent withat least third order perturbation theory7) . The present
formulation of the FRPA fully includes of such correlations. At the same time, the explicit inclusion of RPA
phonons holds the promise for successful applications
to extended systems. Further work will be required toverify that this is indeed the case.
References

Calculations were performed in the correlation consistent cc-pVTZ and cc-pVQZ gaussian bases for all
atoms except for the ground state energies of Mg,
for which the core-valence version cc-pCV(TQ)Z wasused4) . The results were then extrapolated to the basis set limit according to EX = E∞ + AX −3 . Table 1
shows the results for the FRPA ground state energies
and compares them to the experiment and the corresponding Hartree-Fock results. FRPA gives practicallyexact results for the two electron problem (He) and accounts for 96% of the correlation energy in the larger
atoms. The atom of Be is an exception due to the pres∗1∗2

Theoretical Nuclear Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Nishina
Center, Japan.
Center for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Belgium.

- 52 -

1) D. Van Neck, S. Verdonck, G. Bonny, P. W. Ayers, andM. Waroquier, Phys. Rev. A 74, 042501(2006).
2) C. Barbieri and W. H. Dickhoﬀ, Phys. Rev. C 63,
034313 (2001).
3) C. Barbieri, D. Van Neck and W. H. Dickhoﬀ, Phys.
Rev. A 76, 052503 (2007).
4) C. Barbieri and D. Van Neck, arXiv:0901.1735v1[physics.chem-ph], (2009).
5) NIST Atomic Spectra Database, NIST Standard Reference Database #78,
http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/ASD/in-dex.html
6) A. Thompson et al., X-ray Data Booklet (Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 2001), andreferences cited therein.
7) O. Walter and J. Schirmer, J. Phys. B:At. Mol. Phys.
14, 3805 (1981).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Thermodynamical ensemble treatments of nuclear pairingin a multilevel model
N. Quang Hung, ∗1 and N. Dinh Dang
NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, thermodynamic ensembles, superﬂuid-normal phase transition,
thermal ﬂuctuations, selfconsistent quasiparticle RPA, exact solution of pairing problem.

∗1

On leave of absence from the Institute of Physics, Vietnam- 53 -∆ (MeV)

4
3
2

N=8

4

(a1)

3

1

-10

3
2
1
0
-20

-20

-30

1

<E> (MeV)

-15
-20
-25

(b1)

20
15
10
5

(c1)

0

-40

-30

(b2)

30

(c2) 3020

2 3
T (MeV)

4

0

(b3)

-50

(c3)

20

10
1

N=12
(a3)

N=10 5(a2) 4

2

0
-5
-10

C

The thermodynamic properties of inﬁnite systems,
such as superﬂuidity or superﬂuid-normal (SN) phasetransition, are usually described by three principal ensembles, namely the grand canonical ensemble (GCE),
canonical ensemble (CE) and micro canonical ensemble (MCE). The GCE consists of identically systems
in thermal equilibrium, each of which shares its energy
and particle number with an external heat bath. The
CE is also in contact with the heat bath, but the particle number is ﬁxed, whereas the MCE is an ensembleof thermally isolated system sharing the same energy
and particle number. In thermodynamic limit, ﬂuctuations of energy and particle number are zero, therefore
three types of ensembles oﬀer the same average values
for thermodynamic quantities. However, the discrepancies between the predictions by these ensembles arise
when thermodynamics is applied to small systems suchas atomic nuclei or nanometer-size clusters.
In the present work, we carry out a systematic comparison of predictions for nuclear pairing properties
obtained by averaging the exact solutions of the pairing problem1) in three principal thermodynamic ensembles as well as those oﬀered by recent microscopic
approaches to thermal pairing. For the latter, wechoose the unprojected and particle-number projectedversions of the FTBCS1+SCQRPA, which we recently
developed in Ref.2) .
The numerical calculations are performed for thepairing gap, total energy, heat capacity, entropy, andmicrocanonical temperature within the doubly-folded
equidistant multilevel pairing model. The results obtained show that the sharp SN phase transition, which
is predicted by the conventional ﬁnite-temperature
BCS (FTBCS) theory, is smoothed out in exact calculations within all three principal ensembles. The results obtained within the GCE and CE are very close
to each other even for systems with small number ofparticles. As for the MCE, although it can be used
to study the pairing properties of isolated systems at
high excitation energies, there is a certain ambiguityin the temperature extracted from level density due tothe discreteness of a small-size system. This ambiguity depends on the shape and parameter of the distribution employed to smooth the discrete level density.
We found that, in this respect, the Gaussian distribution gives the best ﬁt for both of the temperature andentropy to the canonical values. The predictions by

10
1

2 3
T (MeV)

4

0

1

2 3
T (MeV)

4

Fig. 1. Pairing gaps ∆, total energies E, and heat capacities C as functions of temperature T , obtained
within a doubly-folded equidistant multilevel pairingmodel for N = 8, 10, and 12 particles and pairing interaction parameter G = 0.9 MeV. The dotted, thindashed, thick dashed, thin dash-dotted and thick dashdotted lines denote the FTBCS, FTBCS1+SCQRPA,FTLN1+SCQRPA, CE, and GCE results, respectively.
The thin solid line shows the pairing gap obtained fromthe simple extension of the odd-even mass formula toT = 0, whereas the thick solid line represents the improved one.

the FTBCS1+SCQRPA and FTLN1+SCQRPA (i.e.
FTBCS1+SCQRPA with Lipkin-Nogami’s particlenumber projection) are found in reasonable agreementwith the GCE and CE results. The best agreement
is seen between the FTLN1+SCQRPA and the GCEones (See Fig. 1). We also suggest a novel formula to
extract the pairing gap at ﬁnite temperature from thediﬀerence of total energies of even and odd systems,
where the contribution of uncorrelated single-particle
motion is subtracted. The new formula predicts a pairing gap in much better agreement with the canonicalgap than the simple ﬁnite-temperature extension of the
odd-even mass formula [See Figs. 1 (a1), (a2) and(a3)].
References
1) A. Volya, B.A. Brown, and V. Zelevinsky: Phys. Lett.
B 509 (2001) 37.
2) N. Dinh Dang and N. Quang Hung: Phys. Rev. C 77,
064315 (2008).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

BCS-BEC transition in finite systems
N. Dinh Dang, N. Quang Hung, P. Schuck∗1
NUCLEAR STRUCTURE, pairing, superfluid-normal phase transition, BCS theory, quasiparticle RPA, BCS-BEC transition∗14(a) N = 8, Ω =12
T = 0 MeVλ (MeV)

3
2
1
0

EXACT
BCS
LNSCQRPA

-1
0

1

4

G (MeV)23(b) N = 8, Ω =12
G = 0.6 MeV

32λ (MeV)

Superfluidity and superconductivity in infinite systems are well described by the Bardeen-CooperSchrieffer (BCS) theory, which is a mean-field approach that shows the occurrence of pairing correlations forming the condensate. The collapse of the
BCS pairing gap at a critical temperature TcBCS signals the transition from the superfluid phase to thenormal one. In the normal state the mean-field theory cannot describe two-body correlations. Nozières
and Schmitt-Rink (NSR)1) made an attempt to incorporate the effect of correlations on Tc in the electronhole systems. In the weak coupling limit, the authors
found the ordinary TcBCS . In the strong coupling limit,
they found that the system is characterized by the
non-interacting boson bound states that can undergoa Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) at a specific critical temperature. NSR demonstrated a smooth transition from the strong to weak coupling limit (BCS-BEC
transition).
However, NSR neglected the effect of the mean fieldcreated by the pairs. This effect is included in our
selfconsistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation (SCQRPA)2) , which constitutes a fully selfconsistent extension of the NSR approach. The present
study searches for the BCS-BEC transition in finite
systems by using an exactly solvable doubly folded
multilevel pairing model, for which the SCQRPA has
been applied with success to describe the pairing correlations beyond the mean field. The model consistsof Ω equidistant levels with energies k = k-1 (MeV)(k = 1,. . . ,Ω), i.e. positive except for the bottomof the spectrum with 1 = 0. These levels interact
via a constant attractive pairing force. If the interaction is sufficiently strong, two fermions form a singlet bound pair, whose minimum energy is −1 with
1 being the binding energy. The internal wave function φk of the pair creation extends over a character−1/2
istic distance a0 ∼ 1 . If two bound pairs have
only a small overlap (|φk |  1), they can be treatedas a gas of structureless bosons. When this happens,
the BCS equation reduces, in leading order, to the
Schrödinger equation for a single bound pair, whose
eigenvalue is the pair chemical potential µP ≡ 2λ.
Its zeroth order yields 2λ = 1 , as for an ideal Bosegas. This means that µP reaches the bottom of thesingle-particle spectrum. As 1 is chosen to be zero,
this means λ vanishes. We found that, for a half-filled(N = Ω) or underfilled system (N < Ω) at zero tem-

1
0
-1

EXACT CE
EXACT GCEBCS
LNSCQRPA

-2
0

2

4
6
T (MeV)

8

10

Fig. 1. Chemical potential λ for N = 8 and Ω = 12 asa function of G at zero temperature T (a), and as afunction of T at G = 0.6 MeV (b) as predicted by theexact canonical and grand-canonical calculations as wellas the BCS and LNSCQRPA theories.

perature (T = 0), λ reaches zero at a certain value
G = Gc (Fig. 1), higher than which it turns negativeand continues to decrease with increasing G. We also
found that at G < Gc , the chemical potential λ decreases with increasing T , and eventually crosses zeroat T = Tc >> TcBCS . The fact that the predictions by
the SCQRPA with particle-number projection within
the Lipkin-Nogami (LN) method (the LNSCQRPA)
agree very well with the exact results up to a moderate temperature T shows that the SCQRPA is indeed
a promising approach to study the BCS-BEC transition in finite systems. Several calculations to check if
a finite system of pair fermions reaches that of bosons
in the BEC limit within the SCQRPA at T = 0 are
now underway. Tests in realistic neutron-rich nuclei
are being carried out as well.
References
1) P. Nozières and S. Schmitt-Rink, J. Low Temp. Phys.
59, 195 (1985).
2) N. Quang Hung and N. Dinh Dang, Phys. Rev. C 76,
054302 (2007); Ibid 77, 064315 (2008).

Institut de Physique Nucléaire, Orsay, France- 54 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)-38
Energy (MeV)

30
28
-40

26
24
22
18

-42

16
0

10

20

30
40
50
60
Tilt angle (degrees)

70

80

90

Excitation energy (MeV)109g-band8s-band

7

TAR

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

- 55 -

0

5

10

15

20

h

Angular momentum ( / )25

30

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Origin of the narrow, single peak in the ﬁssion-fragment mass
distribution for 258 Fm†
T. Ichikawa A. Iwamoto,∗1 and P. Möller∗2[Nuclear reaction, ﬁssion, Macroscopic-Microscopic model]
In spontaneous ﬁssion of Fm isotopes, the fragment mass distributions change abruptly from adouble-peaked, broad, mass-asymmetric distribution
for 256 Fm to a single-peaked, very narrow, symmetric distribution for 258 Fm.1,2) In addition, the kineticenergy distribution of 258 Fm can be expressed as thesum of a low-energy and a high-energy component,
whose mean energies diﬀer by about 35 MeV. The
mechanism behind this phenomenon, referred to as thebimodal ﬁssion, is the strong nuclear shell eﬀects thatemerge when the mass-symmetric ﬁssion fragments arenear the doubly magic nucleus 132 Sn. The emergenceof mass-symmetric divisions in 258 Fm is thus qualitatively explained if one takes into account the emergence of a ﬁssion path strongly stabilized by the fragment shell eﬀect,3) but quantitative understanding of
the extremely narrow mass distribution has been lessextensively studied.
So far, theoretical investigations have mainly focused on obtaining those ﬁssion paths by calculating the potential energy surface.
In fact, theoretical models, such as the macroscopic-microscopic
model,4) the constrained Hartee-Fock+BCS (HFBCS)
model,5) and the constrained Hatree-Fock-Bogoliubov(HFB) model,6) have successfully described such shellstabilized path, that is, a path leading to masssymmetric divisions with compact scission conﬁgurations, referred to as the compact symmetric path. In
this sense, the energy-minimum path leading to thecompact symmetric ﬁssion has been well established,but the structure of a potential valley along the pathhas not been clariﬁed. As long as the fragment mass
yield curve is concerned, it is necessary to obtain thepotential energy curve at the scission conﬁgurations as
a function of the fragment mass number.
We discuss the origin of the narrowness of the single
peak at mass-symmetric division in the fragment massyield curve for spontaneous ﬁssion of 258 Fm7) . For
this purpose, we employ the macroscopic-microscopic
model and calculate a potential-energy curve at the
mass-symmetric compact scission conﬁguration, as afunction of the fragment mass number, which is obtained from the single-particle wave-function densities. In the calculations, we minimize total energies byvarying the deformations of the two fragments, with†∗1
∗2

constraints on the mass quadrupole moment, and bykeeping the neck radius zero. The energies thus become functions of mass asymmetry. Using the obtained
potential, we solve the one-dimensional Schrödinger
equation with a microscopic coordinate-dependent inertial mass to calculate the fragment mass-yield curve,
and estimate the mass yield curve originating from thecompact symmetric valley.
An important point in the calculation is that the
fragment masses are deﬁned by the single-particle wave
functions, rather than the macroscopic potential volumes. Using the Nilsson diagram at the scission pointof the compact symmetric valley, we have shown thatthe mass numbers of two nascent fragments strongly
depend on the single-particle conﬁgurations. In particular, the proton number of the ﬁssion fragments originating from the compact symmetric valley for 258 Fm
is strongly constrained to Z = 50 due to the large shellgap. The calculated mass-yield curve is consistent withthe extremely narrow experimental mass-yield curve.
We obtain that the full width at half maximum forthe ﬁssion fragments distribution originating from thecompact symmetric valley is 3.6 u. For 258 Fm, it would
be interesting to measure the ratio of protons to neutrons on the mass-yield curve, because the neutron
distribution may be wider than the proton distribution, because the mean fragment neutron number is
not magic. This would be a very strong test of themechanism behind the narrow mass distribution.
References
1) D. C. Hoﬀman et al.: Phys. Rev. C21, 972 (1980).
2) E. K. Hulet et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 56, 313 (1986).
3) D. C. Hoﬀman and M. R. Lane: Radiochim. Acta
70/71, 135 (1995).
4) P. Möller, J. R. Nix, and W. J. Swiatecki: Nucl. Phys.
A469, 1 (1987).
5) L. Bonneau: Phys. Rev. C74: 014301 (2006).
6) M. Warda, J. L. Egido, L. M. Robledo, and K. Pomorski: Phys. Rev. C66, 014310 (2002).
7) T. Ichikawa, A. Iwamoto, and P. Möller: Phys. Rev.
C79, 014305 (2009).

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. C79, 014305(2009)
Japan Atomic Energy Agency
Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA- 56 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Neutron vortices in neutron stars
P. Avogadro∗1 , F. Barranco∗2 , R.A. Broglia∗1∗3∗4 , E. Vigezzi∗1[neutron vortices, neutron stars, superfluidity, glitches]

†

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Condensed from the article in Nucl. Phys. A 811 378 (2008)
INFN, Milan
Universidad de Sevilla
Universita’ degli studi di Milano
The Niels Bohr Institute- 57 -

8
Epinning [MeV]

6
4
2
0
-2

0

0.01

0.02
n∞ [fm-3]

0.03

0.04

0.01

0.02
n∞ [fm-3]

0.03

0.04

20
15
Epinning [MeV]

Since their discovery neutron stars have proved to
be an exceptional laboratory where many aspects ofphysics not on earth can take place. One aspect ofneutron stars that still has to be fully explained isthe phenomenon of “glitches”. A pulsar is a fast rotating neutron star whose period is very stable. The
period decreases with time because of the constant energy emission of the star itself. During a glitch a pulsar undergoes a sudden angular velocity speed up, andthen the frequency of the star undergoes a relaxation
period after which the “normal” speed down rate isrecovered. It has been proved that glitches are related
to rearrangements of the structure of the star2) and
one of the most promising models1) relates glitches tothe superfluid present in the inner crust of the star.
This superfluid is essentially decoupled from the rest of
the star and acts as a reservoir of angular momentum.
Since the angular momentum in a rotating superfluidis carried by the vortices that form therein investigation of the interaction between neutron vortices andthe environment is of key importance in understanding the glitch phenomenon. According to a generally
accepted picture, from the surface into the center of aneutron star the density increases and one encounterslayers with a different structure. The outer crust of
a neutron star is composed of heavy, neutron-rich nuclei, which get closer and closer until all neutron boundlevels are filled and the drip line is reached. This represents the beginning of the inner crust, which extends
from about 4.6 · 1011 g/cm3 to about 1.6 · 1014 g/cm3(the saturation density in nuclei being n0 = 2.8 · 1014
g/cm3 ). The inner crust consists of a Coulomb latticeof nuclei embedded in a sea of free neutrons. The lattice step decreases with increasing density. We have
limited ourselves to densities smaller than n0 /4, where
nuclei can be assumed to be spherical. For such densities, the neutron sea should be superfluid, in keepingwith the fact that the temperature of the neutron starshould have dropped to about 0.01 MeV a few hundredyears after its formation.
We have divided the inner crust into cylindrical cells
where we have solved the Hartree Fock Bogoliubov
equations with four different Skyrme interactions reproducing a vortex plus nucleus system. The result of
the calculations shows that a vortex cannot form in the
nuclear volume3) at least at low and medium density,

10
5
0
-5

0

Fig. 1. Pinning energy for the SLy4 (solid) and SII(dashed) curves; (lower figure) the same but with SkM*
(solid) and SGII (dashed) curves.

while at high density the choice of the Skyrme interaction adopted may change this picture (in particular
the SkM* and SGII interaction lead to a vortex penetrating in the nuclear volume at high density, while
for the SLy4 and SII interactions this is still forbidden). The impossibility a vortex penetrate the nuclear
volume is shown by the complete suppression of thepairing gap in this region, which means that the region where the vortex and the nucleus are present isessentially no longer superfluid and thus the current
flow is suppressed. The difference between the different Skyrme interactions is evident when calculating theenergy to remove a vortex from a nucleus (the pinningenergy) as shown in Fig [1].
References
1) P.W. Anderson and N. Itoh, Nature 256 (1975).
2) B. Link, R.I. Epstein, and J.M. Lattimer, Phys. Rev.
Lett.
83 (1999).
3) P. Avogadro, F. Barranco, R.A. Broglia, and E. Vigezzi,
Phys. Rev. C75 (2007).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Direct reactions of antiproton and the black-sphere picture
A. Kohama, K. Iida,∗1 and K. Oyamatsu∗2[Nuclear reaction, reaction cross section, nuclear radius, antiproton]
Nuclear size and mass are fundamental quantities
characterizing the bulk properties of nuclei. Recently,
for the purpose of deducing nuclear size from protonnucleus elastic scattering and reaction cross sections,
we proposed a model in which a nucleus is viewed asa “black” sphere of radius a.1,2) Here we assume thatthe target nucleus is strongly absorptive to the incident proton and hence acts like a black sphere. Another requirement for the black-sphere picture is thatthe proton wave length is considerably smaller than
the nuclear size. For proton incident energies higher
than about 800 MeV, these requirements are basicallysatisfied. We showed that, for proton beams incident
on stable nuclei, the cross section of a black sphereof radius a (= πa2 ), which was determined by fitting
the angle of the first peak calculated for proton elastic diffraction by a circular black disk of radius, a, tothe measured value, is consistent with the measured total reaction cross section.2) Furthermore, we confirmedthat the black-sphere picture is valid down to about
100 MeV of an incident proton kinetic energy.3,4)
This consistency suggests that the black sphere radius corresponds to a “reaction radius” inside which
the reaction with incident protons occurs. Combining this fact with the notion of the “optical depth” ofnuclei, which is defined by the ratio of the length ofthe proton trajectory inside the nucleus to the meanfree path of the proton, we constructed a formula for
total reaction cross sections of proton-nucleus/nucleusnucleus reactions, which is applicable for the reactionsof wide region of mass and energy.3)
In this work, we extend this black-sphere picture to
the processes of several hadronic probes, such as antiprotons, pions, kaons, with stable nuclei. Although
the black-sphere picture is originally expected to provide a decent description of the reaction cross section
for any kind of incident particle that tends to be attenuated in nuclear interiors, whether this extension
could make sense or not is not obvious.
As a first step, we systematically analyze the dataof antiproton elastic scattering and reaction cross section for stable nuclei at the antiproton incident energies of lower than about 1000 MeV. The numericalresults of σBS for antiproton-carbon(copper) are plotted in Fig. 1. They are consistent with the empiricalvalues of σR although the values of σBS as well as σR
contains large uncertainties. These preliminary results
are encouraging, and the analyses of the data for other∗1∗2

Department of Natural Science, Kochi University
Department of Media Theories and Production, Aichi
Shukutoku University- 58 -

Fig. 1. Absorption cross section, σBS (= πa2 ), of an antiproton on a carbon(copper) target as a function of theincident kinetic energy of the antiproton. For comparison, we plot empirical data for the antiproton-carbon
total reaction cross section, σR (◦), whose references arefound in Ref.5) .

hadronic probes are in progress.
In the energy region under consideration, the total cross sections of antiproton-proton are about fivetimes larger than those of proton-proton, which implies
shorter mean-free path of an antiproton than that ofa proton at the same kinetic energy and the same nuclear density. According to the results of Ref.3) , protons are only sensitive to the nuclear surface, where
the optical depth to the proton is the order of one.3)
Then, we can expect that an antiproton is sensitive
to the outer surface of nuclei, where the optical depth
to the antiproton is the order of one. This will open
up a possibility of studying nuclear surface structure,
which would control diffractive reactions, using several
hadronic probes.
References
1) A. Kohama, K. Iida, and K. Oyamatsu: Phys. Rev. C
69, 064316 (2004).
2) A. Kohama, K. Iida, and K. Oyamatsu: Phys. Rev. C
72, 024602 (2005).
3) K. Iida, A. Kohama, and K. Oyamatsu: J. Phys. Soc.
Japan 76, 044201 (2007).
4) A. Kohama, K. Iida, and K. Oyamatsu: Phys. Rev. C
78, 061601(R) (2008).
5) C. J. Batty et al.: Adv. Nucl. Phys. 19, 1 (1989).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Light Ξ hypernuclei in four-body cluster models†E. Hiyama Y. Yamamoto,∗1 T. Motoba,∗2 Th. A. Rijken,∗3 and M. Kamimura[hypernuclei, cluster model, hyperon-nucleon interaction]
In studies of nuclear interactions, two-body scattering data are the primary input for characterizing interaction models. However, S = −1 hyperon (Y)-nucleon(N) scattering data are very limited because of experimental issues. For S = −2 interactions such as ΛΛ andΞN , there are currently no scattering data. Therefore,
the existing Y N and Y Y interaction models have asubstantial degree of ambiguity. Some Y N scatteringexperiments will be performed at the Japan Proton
Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) in the near
future. Even in this facility, the possibility of performing ΞN or ΛΛ scattering experiments is very limited
or practically impossible. Hence, in order to obtain
useful information on S = −2 interactions, studies ofmany-body, hypernuclear structure are indispensable.
Our intention in this work is to investigate the possible existence of Ξ hypernuclei and to explore theproperties of the underlying ΞN interactions. Identification of Ξ hypernuclei in coming experiments at
J-PARC will contribute significantly to understanding
nuclear structure and interactions in S = −2 systems,
which can lead to an entrance into the world of multistrangeness. In order to encourage new experiments
seeking Ξ hypernuclei, it is essential to make a detailed theoretical investigation of the possible existenceof bound states, despite some uncertainty in contemporary ΞN interaction models. We investigate here thebinding energies and structure of Ξ hypernuclei produced by (K − , K + ) reactions on light targets on thebasis of microscopic cluster models. One of the primary issues is how to choose the ΞN interaction. For
this purpose, we adopted G-matrix ΞN interactions derived from the Nijmegen interaction models such as extended soft core model(ESC)1) and Nijmegen model D(ND)2) , which gives rise to substantially attractive Ξnucleus potentials in accordance with the experimental
indications. The interactions are represented as kF dependent three-ranged Gaussian form potential.
In this report, the structure calculations in Ξ7− H and
10
Ξ− Li are performed within the framework of the microscopic four-body cluster models using the Gaussian Expansion Method, since these light Ξ hypernuclei can be
described in the framework of four-body cluster model.
The calculated energies in the 1/2+ ground state for7−−
and 2− state for Ξ10− Li(ααnΞ− )Ξ− H(αnnΞ ) and 1
†
∗1
∗2
∗3

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. C. 78,
054316(2008)
Physics Section, Tsuru University
Laboratory of Physics, Osaka Electro-Communication University
Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Nijmegen- 59 -

using ESC are demonstrated in Fig.1 as a function ofkF .
In A=7 hypernucleus, the four-body calculation predicts the existence of nuclear bound states in ESC caseat reasonable kF values of around 0.9 fm−1 . It is interesting to note that the addition of two neutrons to theαΞ− system gives rise to about 1.3 MeV more binding
energy. The same tendency is seen in ND.
In A=10 hypernucleus, we have obtained the nuclear
Ξ− bound states as a result of careful four-body calculations with kF ∼ 1.0 fm−1 . Furthermore, we have
similar binding energies of the J = 2− state for boththe ESC and ND interactions.
References
1) Th. A. Rijken and Y. Yamamoto, Phys. Rev. C73,
044008 (2006).
2) M. M. Nagels, T. A. Rijken, and J. J. deSwart, Phys.
Rev. D15, 2547 (1977).

7−Ξ

H (ESC)

0 MeV
–0.57

–0.96

–0.19

6 He+ Ξ –5–
Ξ H (α Ξ )cal +n+n

–1.71

1/2

α +n+n+Ξ –

–1.29
–1.83

+

–3.06

(i) kF =0.9(ii) kF =1.055

10

−

Ξ

(iii) kF=1.3

Li (ESC)

0 MeV
–1.04
–1.57
–2.57
9 (αα
Ξ Li

–

1
–
2

cal +n

–4.77

–5.17

–5.16

Ξ –)

α+α +n+ Ξ –9 Be+ Ξ –

–2.89
–3.13

–7.83
–8.35

(i) kF =0.9(ii) kF =1.055(iii) kF =1.3

Fig. 1. Calculated energy levels of (a) Ξ7− H and (b)Ξ10− Li
for three kF values using ESC.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)pΞ0 force studied with lattice QCD†
H. Nemura, N. Ishii,∗1 S. Aoki,∗2,∗3 and T. Hatsuda∗4[ Lattice QCD, Hyperon-nucleon interaction, Nuclear forces, Hypernuclei]
Study of the baryon-baryon interaction is an important subjects in the nuclear physics. The present
hyperon-nucleon (Y N ) and hyperon-hyperon (Y Y ) interactions have large uncertainties despite these interactions playing important roles in high density nuclear
systems such as interior of neutron stars. For example, no reliable phase shift analysis of the ΛN scatterTable 1. Meson masses in the unit of MeV. The numbers
in parenthesis show the errorbar in the last digit.
κud
Nconf
0.16781283
0.1665
1000
Exp.

mπ
368(1)
511.2(6)135mρ
813(4)
861(2)
770mK
554.0(5)605.3(5)494mK ∗884(2)
904(2)
892

Table 2. Baryon masses in the unit of MeV. The numbers
in parenthesis show the errorbar in the last digit.
κud
Nconf
0.16781283
0.1665
1000
Exp.

mN
1167(7)1300(4)940mΛ
1266(6)1354(4)1116

100

V (MeV)mΞ
1383(6)1419(4)
1320

1
S0
3
S1

ReferencespΞ

t−t0=6

1.0

1.5

0

50

mΣ
1315(6)1375(4)1190

1) H.Nemura, N.Ishii, S.Aoki and T.Hatsuda, arXiv:0806.1094[nucl-th].
2) M. Lüscher, Nucl. Phys. B 354, 531 (1991).
3) S. Aoki, et al. [PACS-CS Collab.], arXiv:0807.1661 [heplat].

0

0.0

0.5

ing has as yet been performed experimentaly so thatdifferent phaseshifts have been predicted by different
theoretical works. In principle, the interaction should
be understood in terms of the dynamics of quarks andgluons, namely quantum chromodynamics (QCD).
We study the pΞ0 force by using quenched lattice
QCD. The Bethe-Salpeter amplitude is calculated forthe lowest scattering state of the system so as to obtain the pΞ0 potential. The numerical calculation is
performed with β = 5.7, the lattice spacing of a =0.1416(9) fm, on the 323 × 32 lattice. The spatial lattice volume is (4.5 fm)3 . Two kinds of ud quark mass
are used, corresponding to mπ  0.37 GeV and 0.51
GeV. Tables 1-2 compare the hadron masses calculated
from the lattice QCD with the experimental values.
Figure 1 shows the effective central potential, obtained
from the wave function at the time slice t − t0 = 6 withthe hopping parameter κud = 0.1678, corresponding tomπ  0.37 GeV. The scattering length is obtained fromLüscher’s formula.2) As is seen in Figure 2, the pΞ0 interaction is both attractive at 1 S0 and 3 S1 channels,
and the interaction in the 3 S1 is more attractive thanin the 1 S0 . These attractive forces become stronger as
the u, d quark mass decreases.
We are also calculating the pΛ potential by using(2 + 1)-flavor PACS-CS gauge configuration3) , which
will be reported elsewhere.

2.0

r (fm)

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Condensed from the article1) .
Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba,Japan
Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Universityof Tsukuba, Japan
Riken BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan- 60 -

a0 (fm)p Ξ0Fig. 1. The effective central potential for pΞ0 , in the 1 S0(circle) and 3 S1 (triangle), obtained from the wave function at time slice t − t0 = 6. The hopping parameterκud = 0.1678 is used for the u, d quark. The inset showsits enlargement.
†

1S
0
3
S1

mπ=0.135 GeV

2m2π (GeV )Fig. 2. The scattering lengths for pΞ0 in the 1 S0 (circle)
and 3 S1 (triangle) as a function of m2π . The dashed line
shows the physical point at mπ = 0.135 GeV.

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel.
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 4242 (2009)
RIKEN

Hadro-Chemistry for High Momentum Probes of Heavy Ion
Collisions†
R. J. Fries,∗1,∗2 and W. Liu∗1[Heavy ion collisions, quark gluon plasma]
Jet quenching, the suppression of hadrons emitted
at high momentum pT , has been one of the key discoveries in nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion
Collider (RHIC). It has been interpreted as the energy
loss of fast quarks or gluons traveling through quark
gluon plasma. It is a main signature for the creation ofa quark gluon plasma1) . Energy loss is characterized
by the transport coeﬃcient q̂ = µ2 /λ, the momentum
transferred squared per mean free path λ.
In a series of papers in 2008 we have argued thatmeasurements of the suppression and elliptic ﬂow
of identiﬁed hadrons at high transverse momentum
pT can lead to novel and complimentary information
about the medium created in nuclear collisions. In
principle, the mean free path λ can be extracted independent of q̂. In simple terms, this is possible
because the processes between jets and the medium
which change the chemical composition are generally
independent of the momentum transfer in the process.
We use a model in which a sample of leading jet
partons is propagated through a ﬁreball parameterization. Partons lose energy, described by a FokkerPlanck equation, at a rate ﬁtting the single inclusive
nuclear suppression ratio RAA . In addition, the jet
particles are subject to rate equations
�
�
dN a
=−
Γa→b N a +Γc→a N c
dτ
c

(1)

b

in which conversion rates Γ between ﬂavors a, b, c are
given by leading order elastic cross sections. We evolve
samples of up, down and strange quarks as well as gluons and photons. Conversions of jets into photons havebeen discussed in the past2) and it was recognized that
this might be an important contribution to the total
photon yield. Heavy quarks are taken into accountwith slight modiﬁcations reﬂecting the mass threshold.
We ﬁrst revisit the issue of the relative suppressionof protons and pions. It was pointed out that protons fragment predominantly oﬀ gluon jets, while pions prefer quark jets. Quenching of gluons and quarks
is related via a color factor 9/4 which leads to thenaive expectation that protons should exhibit stronger
quenching than pions at high pT . This is not observed
at RHIC. It was ﬁrst pointed out by Liu, Ko and Zhang
that this can be explained naturally if the ﬂavor of a†∗1∗2

Condensed from the articles in Phys. Rev. C 77, 054902(2008), Phys. Rev. C 78, 037902 (2008), arXiv:0805.3721
Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
RBRC, Upton, USA

jet parton is not conserved3) . They can explain the
proton/pion ratio with conversions of quarks into gluons and vice versa, essentially rendering the concept ofa ﬁxed jet ﬂavor invalid. We conﬁrm the results of Liuet al. and suggest a novel double ratio observable, theratio of the RAA s for protons and pions as a very sensitive quantity for conversion processes. We also ﬁnd
a rate for conversion photons which is consistent withthe experimental results.
As a novel idea we propose to use strangeness asa signal for jet conversions and as a strong candidate
for a measurement that could constrain the mean freepath. Strangeness at RHIC energies is marginal in thejet sample, s/(u + d) ≈ 5% while it is chemically equilibrated in the plasma. The coupling between jets andmedium will increase the amount of strange quark jets
and should result in a relative enhancement of kaonscompared to pions at high pT . Finding and measuring
the size of this enhancement would be an important
step to quantify jet medium interactions.
At LHC, strangeness is already equilibrated in theinitial jet sample due to the higher center of mass energy and the importance of initial ﬂavor-blind g +g fusion process. Hence we predict no additional
strangeness enhancement at LHC energies. We havea similar negative result for charm and bottom quarks
at both RHIC and LHC energies. The reason for thisis the lack of chemical equilibration of heavy quarks
even in the bulk. Therefore the chemical gradient between jets and medium is small. Of course, this result
is consistent with heavy quark measurements at RHIC.
Finally, we discuss the implications of ﬂavor conversions for elliptic ﬂow v2 . Conversion particles should
lead to a negative contribution to v2 , as was ﬁrst discovered for conversion photons4) . We could show that
this mechanism is also active for strange quarks at
RHIC and should lead to an observable suppressionof kaon v2 at high pT compared to pion v2 .
References
1) J. Adams et al. [STAR Collaboration], Nucl. Phys. A
757, 102 (2005). K. Adcox et al. [PHENIX Collaboration], Nucl. Phys. A 757, 184 (2005).
2) R. J. Fries, B. Müller, and D. K. Srivastava, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 90, 132301 (2003); Phys. Rev. C 72, 041902(2005).
3) W. Liu, C. M. Ko and B. W. Zhang, Int. J. Mod. Phys.
E 16, 1930 (2007).
4) S. Turbide, C. Gale and R. J. Fries, Phys. Rev. Lett.
96, 032303 (2006).

- 61 -

1

3.

Hadron Physics

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Absolute luminosity determination using the vernier scan technique√
at s = 62.4 GeV
Y. Goto, A. Bazilevsky∗1 , and R. Bennett∗2 for the PHENIX Collaboration∗1∗2

Department of Physics, Brookhaven National Laboratory
Department of Physics, Stony Brook University- 63 -

ing beams by the hourglass effect at large z in displaced collisions of the vernier scan. In all vernier scanmeasurements, the crossing angle was found to be lessthan 0.2 mrad, which translates
to a negligible correc√
tion for Lmachine at s = 62.4 GeV with a typicalbunch length of ∼ 1 m and bunch transverse size of 1mm.
√
Due to limited amount of data collected at s =62.4 GeV, systematic uncertainties of vernier scan
techniqueare thoroughly studied in abundant set of√s = 200 GeV vernier scan data on bunch-by-bunchlevel. After all corrections discussed above,√our BBC
trigger cross section in p + p collisions at s = 62.4
GeV is found 13.7 mb with a systematic uncertainty
of ±1.5 mb (±11%). A systematic uncertainty of 4%
is assigned for√ the run-by-run error in the vernier scan
analysis at s = 200 GeV, 10% for BBC trigger efficiency correction of vertex , and 2% for hour-glass correction.
References
1) S. S. Adler et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 241803 (2003):
A. Adare et al., Phys. Rev. D 76, 051106(R) (2007):
A. Adare et al., Phys. Rev. D 79, 012003 (2009).
2) Y. Goto et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 89 (2007):
S. van der Meer, ISR-PO/68-31, KEK68-64: A. Drees
and Z. Xu, PAC-2001-RPAH116.

CountsMeasured cross sections in the PHENIX experiment1) are normalized to the integrated luminosity forthe analyzed data sample, L, which is determined fromthe number of events triggered by beam-beam counters (BBCs) using an absolute calibration of the BBC
trigger cross section obtained via the van der Meer or
Vernier scan technique2) . In a scan, the transverse
widths of the beam overlap are measured by sweeping one beam across the other in steps while monitoring the BBC trigger rate. This information and thebunch intensities of the two beams measured by Wall
Current Monitors (WCMs) are used to compute theinstantaneous machine luminosity Lmachine 2) . The
BBC trigger cross section is the ratio of the BBC trigger rate when the beams are overlapping maximallyto the effective luminosity Leff = Lmachine · vertex ,where vertex is the fraction of the number of collisions
in PHENIX interaction region (IR) within BBC trigger
vertex cut (usually |z|√< 30 cm).
In p+p collisions at s = 62.4 GeV, the BBC trigger
efficiency vs z shape was estimated from the comparison with a “detector unbiased” z-vertex distribution
obtained from the convolution of colliding bunch intensity profiles along the z-axis as measured by WCMs.
The correction factor of 0.83 ± 0.08 was obtained, resulting in vertex = 0.37 ± 10%.
√ This approach is confirmed in p + p collisions at s = 200 GeV where zero
degree calorimeters (ZDCs) have enough efficiency tomeasure the z vertex distribution. The efficiency of
the ZDCs (located at z = ±18 m) does not dependon collision vertex position in PHENIX IR, which was
distributed with a sigma of 0.5–0.7m around z = 0.
The vertex distribution obtained with the WCMs iswell√ reproduced by the measurement with the ZDCs
at s = 200 GeV (Fig. 1(a)).
Beam focusing in the IR leads to bunch transverse
sizes that vary away from the collision point (z = 0)
as σ 2 (z) = σ 2 (z = 0) × (1 + z 2 /β ∗2 ). This is so-called
hourglass effect. The√correction due to this effect forvernier scan data at s = 62.4 GeV with a betatron
amplitude function at the colliding point of β ∗ = 3
m was simulated with WCM data and calculated tobe 0.93 ± 0.02. The applicability of our calculation
technique is illustrated√ in Fig. 1 with the high statistics
vernier scan data at s = 200 GeV.
Figures 1(b) and 1(c) shows the sensitivity of ourdata for the transversely displaced beams to crossing angle between colliding beams. Two peaks in
Figs. 1(b) and 1(c) show overlap of diverged collid-

0.06(a) ∆ x = 0∆y = 0(b)∆ x = 0.9 mm∆y = 0(c) ∆ x = 0∆ y = 0.9 mm

0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0

-100

0

100

z (cm)

-100

0

100

z (cm)

-100

0

100

z (cm)

Fig. 1. Collision z-vertex distribution in PHENIX IR mea√
sured by ZDCs in a vernier scan at s = 200 GeV(points) and calculations from convolution of colliding
bunch intensity profiles along z-axis and including thehourglass effect for bunches with typical length of 1 m
and transverse size of 0.3 mm (histograms); a) beams
are head-on; b) one beam is 0.9 mm displaced relative
the other beam in horizontal direction and c) one beam
is 0.9 mm displaced relative the other beam in verticaldirection, calculations include bunch crossing angle invertical projection of 0.15 mrad.

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Cross Section For Prompt Photon Production√in Proton-Proton Collisions at s = 62.4 GeV
K. Sakashita,∗1 T.-A. Shibata,∗1 and K. Okada for the PHENIX Collaboration

σ ++ − σ +−.
σ ++ + σ +−(1)

σ ++(+−) is a cross section for particle production suchas a prompt photon in the proton-proton collision withbeam helicity pattern “+ + (+−)”. Once the applicability of pQCD is conﬁrmed, the framework of pQCD
can be used to determine gluon spin contribution to
the proton spin ∆g from ALL .
In proton-proton collisions, the prompt photon ismainly produced via quark-gluon collision and quarkanti-quark annihilation. The cross section for prompt
photon production is deﬁned as
E·

d3 σ
∆Nγ
1
∼
dp3
2π · L · pT · ε ∆pT · ∆η(2)where ∆Nγ is yields per the unit of transverse momentum pT and the unit of pseudo-rapidity η. L is theintegrated luminosity, and ε is the correction factor
described in the following paragraphs.
We measured the cross section for prompt√ photonproduction from proton-proton collisions at s = 62.4
GeV in a PHENIX experiment. The data was collected in 2006 with the PHENIX central arm spectrometer. The PHENIX central arm spectrometer consistsof two arms which are placed almost back-to-back on
their azimuth. Each arm covers pseudo-rapidity |η| <0.35 and 90 degree azimuthal angle. Photons with energy above 0.15 GeV are measured using the electromagnetic calorimeters (EMCal). Charged particles are
identiﬁed with the pad chamber. The integrated luminosity is about 0.065 pb−1 , which corresponds to 894
M events. In this analysis, pT > 2 GeV/c photons are
required to exist for each event in the oﬄine analysis.
Prompt photons are extracted by subtracting background photons from inclusive photons. The background photons mainly come from π 0 decay. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the π 0 decay photons
precisely. The π 0 decay photons are categorized into
two groups. If both of the photons are detected, they
are called “two tag photons”. If only one of the two
photons is detected, due to the limited acceptance of
the EMCal, it is called a “one tag photon”. The π 0
decay photons in the two tag photons are identiﬁed
∗1

3

ALL =

with an invariant mass by reconstructing the four momenta of two photons. On the other hand, the π 0
decay photons in the one tag photons are estimatedusing a fast Monte-Carlo simulation and the experimental data. Then, the contribution of decay photons
from other particles such as η, ω and η � is also estimated.
The prompt photon yields are normalized with the
integrated luminosity, and are corrected for the efﬁciency of EMCal etc. to obtain the cross section(Eq.2). Figure 1 shows the cross section with systematic uncertainties, and a comparison of the present
data with the Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) pQCD
calculation. The main systematic uncertainty at low
pT comes from extraction of π 0 yields from the sample
including misidentiﬁed particles. It means that it isnot π 0 but is accidentally regarded as π 0 . The prediction of the NLO pQCD calculation at low pT region islower than experimental values. It suggests a need totake into account further higher order terms in the calculation. On the other hand, at high pT region, both
values agree with each other within the uncertainties
of measurement and calculation.
Ed σ3 (pb GeV −2 c 3)
dp

Prompt photon production1)2) in high energy
proton-proton collisions is expected to be useful to test
the applicability of perturbative Quantum ChoromoDynamics (pQCD) to predict other quantities of interest, such as double helicity asymmetry ALL . The ALL
is deﬁned as;µ = 2p
5Tµ = pT

Measurement

10

pQCD calculation to Next−to−Leading Order410µ = 1/2pT

103
102
10
1
0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7
p (GeV/c)T

Fig. 1. The cross section for prompt photon production
as a function of pT with statistical uncertainties (red)and systematic uncertainties (blue) compared with the
NLO-pQCD calculation. The three lines represent thecalculation with diﬀerent scales.

References
1) S. S. Adler et al. [PHENIX Collaboration], Phys. Rev.
Lett. 98, 012002 (2007) [arXiv:hep-ex/0609031].
2) T. Horaguchi, Doctor Thesis, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2006.

Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology- 64 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Double spin asymmetries of open heavy-ﬂavor production in forward√
rapidity with polarized p + p collisions at s=200GeV
X. Wang,∗1 H. Liu∗2 and M. Liu∗2[Open heavy ﬂavor, spin, asymmetry]Deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments with polarized leptons and polarized nucleons have shown thatthe spins of quarks and anti-quarks account for only
approximately 25% of nucleon spin.1) The rest of the
proton spins must be carried by the gluons and orbital
angular momentum. Measurements of the scale dependence of the inclusive nucleon spin structure function
and recent semi-inclusive DIS data2) have shown thecoarse constraint in the possible gluon spin contribution. Furthermore, heavy quark production in polarized p+p collision at RHIC energy is dominated by
the gluon-gluon interaction, thus providing direct access to the (polarized) gluon distribution in the proton.
Compared with the current double spin asymmetry ofπ 03) , inclusive jet4) and photon measurement at RHIC,
heavy ﬂavor provides a very independent channel tostudy gluon polarization.
With the current PHENIX detector, open heavy ﬂavor measurement in the muon arms is limited to indirect statistical measurement. Extraction of signal
muons in this analysis is predicated upon successful estimation and statistical subtraction of all backgroundsources which are deﬁned to be tracks not resulting
from the semi-leptonic decay of heavy ﬂavor mesons.
The ”inclusive tracks” are deﬁned as tracks penetrating the muon-identiﬁer detector (MuID) and consist ofmuons from heavy-ﬂavor decay, muons from decay oflight hadrons (K and π) and some light hadrons which
punched through the MuID. The ”hadron tracks” aredeﬁned as tracks stopping in the MuID and consist
mostly of light hadrons according to our simulation
studies.5)
Our strategy to extract the asymmetry of muons
from the heavy-ﬂavor decay is to 1) estimate background asymmetry with ”hadron tracks”, and 2) subtract the background asymmetry from the asymmetryof ”inclusive tracks”.
The asymmetries of ”inclusive tracks” and ”hadron
tracks” are given asincl/hadron

ALL

=

∗2

Asignal
=
LL

BG
Aincl
LL − r · ALL,
1−r

δAsignal
=
LL



BG 2
2
2
(δAincl
LL ) + r · (δALL )
1−r

(2)

(3)

where r is the background fraction and AL LBG is the
background asymmetry for which AL Lhadron are used.
The background fraction was calculated from the p+p
run in the year 2005 single muon analysis.6) Figure 1 shows
the double spin asymmetry results for muons from heavy
ﬂavor decays from the data for the runs in 2005 and 2006.

Fig. 1. Double spin asymmetry ALL for µ− from heavy ﬂavor decay as a function of pT from p+p runs in 2005 and2006, with averaged polarization 50% and 60%, respectively. Error bars show statistical errors and shaded
error bands show systematic errors.
No nonzero ALL has been observed at the current precision. Our results are limited by statistics. It is important
to measure the ALL of heavy ﬂavor production for gluon
polarization determination using an independent physics
process with diﬀerent systematic uncertainties and conﬁrm
the universality of the gluon polarization measurement.

+++−
References
Nincl/hadron− R · Nincl/hadron
11) J. Ashman et al: Phys. Lett. B 206, 364 (1988); Nucl.
(1)
++
+−
PB · PY Nincl/hadron+ R · Nincl/hadron
Phys. B328, 1 (1989); E. Hughes and R. Voss: Annu.

where PB and PY are the polarization for blue and+++−yellow beams respectively. Nincl/hadron(Nincl/hadron)is the number of ”inclusive tracks” or ”hadron tracks”
from the same (opposite) helicity beam collisions. R =L++ /L+− is the luminosity ratio of the same helicity∗1

beam collision to the opposite helicity beam collision.
The ALL of signal muons from the heavy-ﬂavor decay
can be derived from

New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA- 65 -

Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 49, 303 (1999).
2) HERMES: Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2584 (2000); COMPASS: Phys. Lett. B 633, 25 (2006).
3) PHENIX collaboration: arXiv:(hep-ex)0810.0694, 2008
4) STAR collaboration: Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008)232003
5) PHENIX collaboration: Phys. Rev. C 71, 034908(2005).
6) D. Hornback: J. Phys. G35, 104113 (2008).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Measurement of transverse single-spin asymmetry with J/Ψ in√polarized p+p collisions at s = 200 GeV
H. Al-Ta’ani,∗1 H. Liu,∗2 M. Liu,∗2 G. Kyle,∗1 and X. Wang,∗1[Spin, J/Ψ, asymmetry]

∗1
∗2

AN

AN vs xF
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1

J/ Ψ -> µ + µ -(a)Run8pp, 5.2pb-1, Pol=45%
Ruogh estimation by Feng Yuan Ref.[6]

0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4
xF

AN

AN vs pT in forward direction
0.25
0.2
0.15

J/ Ψ -> µ + µ -(b)

Run8pp, 5.2pb-1, Pol=45%

0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

pT

AN vs pT in backward directionAN

The spin structure and its investigation of the proton has revealed itself to be extremely complex, andis an active area of ongoing research. Large transverse
single-spin asymmetries in inclusive particle production at ﬁxed target energies1) were observed in forward pion production
by the E704 collaboration at√
FERMILAB ( s = 19.4 GeV). Such large asymmetries were initially surprising due to the prediction ofpQCD in leading order that these asymmetries should
be small. Interest has recently grown with the discovery by STAR2) and BRAHMS3) that these asymmetries persist even at RHIC energies. Transverse singlespin asymmetries (SSAs), AN , have the potential tobe an important tool in understanding the quark andgluon spin distributions in a polarized proton. Precision measurement of SSAs in diﬀerent kinematic regions with various particles and their QCD analysis may serve to quantify contributions from diﬀerent mechanisms. In a theoretical model calculation by
Feng Yuan, the SSA is found to be very sensitive to the
production mechanism of heavy quarkonium, where
the production has been studied using non-relativistic
QCD (NRQCD) and the heavy quark pairs are produced at a short distance in color-singlet or color-octet
conﬁgurations4) . According to this model, the SSA in
ep scattering vanishes if J/Ψ is produced in the colorsinglet channel but survives in the color-octet channel.
However, in pp scattering the SSA vanishes if J/Ψ isproduced through the color-octet channel but survives
in the color-singlet channel.
The J/Ψs have been measured with PHENIX muon
spectrometers which cover the forward rapidity rangeof 1.2 < |η| < 2.4. At RHIC energies, heavy ﬂavor production is dominated by the gluon-gluon interaction;
thus the Collins eﬀect has minimum impact on AN as
the gluon’s transversity is zero. Therefore, heavy ﬂavor AN in transversely polarized p+p collisions at thePHENIX experiment oﬀers a good opportunity to gain
information on transverse momentum dependent gluon
distribution which can be described by gluon’s Sivers
function5) .
The left-right single-spin asymmetry AN is calculated by:


↑ ↓
↑
↓
N
N
−
NL↓ NR↑
1
1 σ −σ
L R


=
, (1)
AN =
Pb σ ↑ + σ ↓Pb
NL↑ NR↓ + NL↓ NR↓

0.25
0.2
0.15

J/ Ψ -> µ + µ -(c)

Run8pp, 5.2pb-1, Pol=45%

0.1
0.05
0
-0.05
-0.1

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

pT

Fig. 1. Expected precision for AN versus (a) xF , (b) pT inforward rapidity and (c) pT in backward rapidity

where Pb is the beam polarization, σ ↑ (σ ↓ ) is the production cross section when the proton in the bunchis polarized up (down), and N ↑ (N ↓ ) is the J/Ψ yieldfrom up (down) polarized bunches.
Here, we report our inclusive analysis with J/Ψ →µ+ µ− . The expected statistical uncertainties of AN in
J/Ψ production for the data collected in 2008 (L =5.2pb−1 , Pb ∼ 45%) are shown in Fig. 1 as a functionof xF and pT in both forward and backward rapidities.
The model calculation shown in Fig. 1 plot (a) assumes the gluon’s Sivers function is 0.5x(1 − x) times
the unpolarized gluon distribution and 30% of J/Ψ
comes from feed down of χc 6) . Future high statistic
measurement of AN in J/Ψ production oﬀers a good
opportunity to study the heavy quarkonium production mechanism and gluon’s Sivers function.
References
1) D. L. Adams et al.: Phys. Lett. B 264, 462 (1991); D.
L. Adams et al.: Phys. Rev. D 53, 4747 (1996).
2) J. Adams et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 171801 (2004).
3) I. Arsene et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 042001 (2008).
4) F. Yuan: Phys. Rev. D 78, 014024 (2008). D.
5) Sivers: Phys. Rev. D 41, 83-90 (1990).
6) F. Yuan: private communication.

New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA

1- 66 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Study of J/ψ spin alignment in proton-proton collisions√
at s = 200 GeV in RHIC PHENIX experimentK. Shoji∗ for the PHENIX Collaboration[nucleon structure, J/ψ, spin alignment, polarization]
Non-relativisitic quantum chromodynamics (NRQCD)
calculations taking into account color octet models(COMs)1) have succeed in describing the production
cross section of heavy quarkonia measured by CDF andother experiments2,3) . However, the models can not
reproduce experimental data with respect to J/ψ spinalignment4) . The CDF experiment reported small longitudinal polarization while NRQCD models predict
transverse polarization at high transverse momenta.
Understanding of heavy quarkonium production mechanism has not proceeded well due to the smal numberof experimental measurements.
The J/ψ spin alignment is determined experimentally by measuring decay angular distribution of leptons in the J/ψ rest frame. The angular distribution
is parametrized with polar angle θ which is the angle
between lepton momentum in J/ψ rest frame and J/ψ
momentum in the laboratory frame (helicity frame).
dσ∝ 1 + λ cos θ,d cos θ

1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

cosθ

Fig. 1. Simulated angular distributions of J/ψ decay muonat the PHENIX Muon Arm. Simulation results from
non-polarization (λ = 0) are shown as black points withexpected statistical errors of data. Solid and dashedhistograms are for λ = +1, -1, respectively.

(1)

where λ = 0 indicates non-polarization. Positive andnegative values of λ correspond to transverse and longitudinal polarization, respectively.
A proton-proton collision experiment is in progressat the relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) operated
at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The PHENIX
experiment5) at the RHIC has muon spectrometers(Muon Arm) to detect J/ψ via µ+ µ− channel. The
PHENIX Muon Arm covers forward rapidity regionswith 1.2<|η|<2.2 and ∆φ = 2π. Study√ of J/ψ spinalignment in proton-proton collisions at s = 200 GeV
is ongoing with several ten thousands J/ψ events accumulated at the PHENIX Muon Arm. We have small
acceptance in | cos θ| ∼ 1 because decay muons emitted backward in J/ψ rest frame are not boosted wellenough to penetrate materials for hadron backgroundrejection. Thus acceptance studies of a Muon Armwith a Monte-Carlo simulation have an important rolein measuring J/ψ spin alignment.
Figure 1 shows simulated angular distributions ofJ/ψ decay muon at PHENIX Muon Arm. The simulation was performed for an unpolarized case (λ = 0)and extreme cases (λ = ±1). J/ψ events are generated as the simulation reproduces reconstructed J/ψtransverse momentum and rapidity distributions ofreal data. Expected statistical errors of real data arealso shown on the points of λ = 0. The distribution of∗

1600

Department of Physics, Kyoto University- 67 -

the transversely polaraized case (λ = +1) is broader
than the that of the longitudinal one (λ = −1) as expected from the expression of (1).
¿From the acceptance study, we can expect that thestatistical accuracy ofthe current data set is enough to discuss J/ψ spinalignment.
Study of J/ψ spin alignment at RHIC PHENIX is
ongoing. We hope to finalize the results soon. So far,an anisotropy in the helicity frame has been consideredin this study. Recently, the necessity of analyzing datawith respect to other frames, such as the Collins-Soper
6)or the Gottfried-Jackson7) frame is being discussed
because the proper polarization axis which is sensitive
to a physics phenomenon is not known well. Moreover,measurements not only of polar angular distribution
but also of azimuthal one are important. We will accessthese measurements in the future.
References
1) G.T.Bodwin, E.Braaten, and G.P.Lepage, Phys. Rev.
D51, 1125 (1995); 55, 5853 (1997)
2) D.Acosta et al., Phys. Rev. D71, 032001 (2005)
3) A.Adare et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 232002 (2007)
4) A.Abulencia et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 132001 (2007)5) K.Adcox et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. A499, 469 (2003)
6) J.C.Collins and D.E.Soper, Phys. Rev. D16 2219 (1977)
7) K.Gottfried and J.D.Jackson, Nuovo Cimento 33 309(1964)

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Measurement of direct photon using a virtual photon method in√
s = 200 GeV p+p collisions at RHIC-PHENIX
Y.L. Yamaguchi,∗1 Y. Akiba,∗2 T. Gunji,∗1 and H. Hamagaki,∗1[Direct photon, virtual photon method, Low pT]

104
AuAu MB x104

103

AuAu 0-20% x102

101

AuAu 20-40% x10
p+p

10-1

• Virtual direct photon decays• Hadron decays• Photon conversions• Combinatorial background• Cross pairs from π 0 , η → 2γ(or γe+ e− ) →e+ e− e+ e−
The pairs from photon conversions are removed by
a cut on the orientation of the pair in the magnetic
field4) . The combinatorial background is computedwith a mixed-event technique and subtracted. The
contributions from hadron decays are estimated using
a hadronic cocktail simulation, which incorporats themeasured yields of the hadrons at PHENIX. The effects on real data such as several efficiencies, geometrical acceptance and momentum smearing are considered in the cocktail simulation through the GEANT 3
based simulator of the PHENIX detector. The crosspairs are evaluated by comparing a like-sign pair distribution between the real and simulated one. Figure 2
REAL
π0→γ e+eω→e+e+
η’→γ e eφ→ηe+eJ/ ψ→e+e-

105

10-2

3

distribution contains several components from different sources, which are listed below.

d N/ d Mee

3

102

3

Ed3N/dp (GeV-2c3) or Ed σ/dp (mb GeV-2c3)

Direct photon is a unique probe to investigate properties of Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) since photons
penetrate the dense and hot partonic matter createdby heavy ion collisions. Special interest is given to
thermal photons from the QGP which are considered
to be the primary contributor at the low energy region
in the inclusive photon spectrum.1)
A measurement of ‘real’ direct photon using an electromagnetic calorimeter is notoriously difficult below
4 GeV since systematic errors cannot be reduced dueto the large hadron background, particularly π 0 . Recently an alternative method using a ‘virtual’ direct
photon measurement, i.e, a measurement of e+ e− pairs
from ’virtual’ direct photon decays was demonstrated
to provide the photon yield with less systematic error
in both p+p and Au+Au collisions2) shown as Fig. 1.
A clear excess over the binary scaled p+p result (shown

104

-3

10

π0→2e+eπ0→2e+e- (cross)

3

10-4

10

10-5

COCKTAIL
η→γ e+eω→π0e+eφ→e+eρ→e+eψ’→e+eη→2e+eη→2e+e- (cross)

102

-6

10

10-7 1

2

3

4

5

10

6
7
p (GeV/c)T

Fig. 1. The direct photon spectra in p+p and Au+Au collisions as a function of pT .

by the dotted line) is seen in Au+Au collisions for
1 < pT < 3 GeV/c, and a hydrodynamical calculation
indicates that this excess comes from thermal radiationfrom QGP.3) Thus it is very important to measure thedirect photon yield in p+p collisions more precisely for
1 < pT < 3 GeV/c in order to evaluate the mean contribution of the thermal photons. The data on p+p
collisions taken in 2006 is available and its statistics
are about twice that of the one already analyzed. This
reportdescribes the current status of the analysis in√s = 200 GeV p+p collisions at RHIC-PHENIX using the data taken in 2006.
All electrons and positrons in the same event are
combined into pairs. The obtained e+ e− pair mass
∗1
∗2

Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo
RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research)- 68 -

1
0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1
Mee [GeV/ c 2]

+ −Fig. 2. Comparison of the e e pair mass distribution between the real and the cocktail simulation.

shows the comparison of the e+ e− pair mass distribution between the real (blue symbols) and the cocktail
simulation (black line). The real data is in good agreement with the cocktail simulation.
The virtual direct photon fraction to inclusive virtual photon yield will be evaluated from the excess overthe cocktail simulation for several pT regions and thenthe real direct photon yield will be determined fromthe obtained virtual direct photon fraction.
References
1) S. Turbide, et al.: Phys. Rev. C 69, 014903 (2004).
2) A. Adare, et al.: arXiv:0804.4168 [nucl-ex] (2008).
3) F. Liu, et al.: arXiv:0807.4771 [hep-ph] (2008).
4) A. Toia: arXiv:0711.2118 [nucl-ex] (2007).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Longitudinal Double Spin Asymmetry for Inclusive Jet Production in
Polarized p+p Collisions at 200 GeV
M. Sarsour for the STAR collaboration,∗1[gluon polarization, jets, longitudinal double spin asymmetry, STAR]The RHIC spin program uses polarized p+p collisions to study ∆G, the integral of the gluon polarized
distribution function, ∆g(x, Q2 ). There are many processes where the gluon participates directly thus ∆G
can be probed directly and more precisely than previously attained. This contribution reports on the inclusive jet production asymmetry measurement at the
Solenoid Tracker at RHIC (STAR) experiment1) . The
inclusive jets channel is an excellent tool to study thegluon polarization due to its large cross section andrelative independence from fragmentation functions.
In 2005 we had an order of magnitude increase in
the figure of merit over our previous measurements2)
with coverage in jet pT up to 30 GeV/c. This allowed
us to perform a quantitative comparison of our measured results3) to global fits of polarized deep-inelastic
scattering (DIS) data within the GRSV framework4)
for various fixed values of ∆G5) . These comparisons
showed that the global fits that predict very large ∆Gvalues and large ALL are excluded3) .

ALL

2006 STAR Preliminary
0.1

0.08

GRSV-std
GRSV ∆g=g
GRSV ∆g=0
GRSV ∆g=-g
GS-C

0.06
0.04
0.02
0
-0.02

Online polarization
10

15

20

25

30

35
p (GeV/c)∆g(x), including the best global fit to the inclusive
DIS data (std)4) . The other curves include maximally positive gluon polarization (∆g(x) = g(x)) at
the input scale, maximally negative gluon polarization (∆g(x) = −g(x)), and zero gluon polarization(∆g(x) = 0). In addition, it includes a prediction derived from GS-C6) which has a large positive gluon
polarization at low x, a node near x ∼ 0.1, and anegative gluon polarization at large x. The statisticaluncertainties in the 2006 ALL measurements at highpT are a factor of 3 to 4 smaller than they were in the2005 data3) , which leads to significantly more stringent
constraints on gluon polarization models.
These results were included in a recent “global” NLO
analysis, DSSV7) , the first analysis to include inclusive DIS, semi-inclusive DIS, and RHIC pp collision
data together. The result of this analysis showed that∆g(x, Q2 ) is small in the accessible range of momentum fraction, with a possible node in the distribution
near x ∼ 0.1, basically evolving away at higher scaleswith the opposite phase from GS-C. A study of the
DSSV χ2 profile and the partial contributions ∆χ2 of
the individual data sets shows that these STAR data
provide the strongest limits on negative gluon polarization over the range 0.05 < x < 0.2 and also contributesignificantly to the limits on positive gluon polarization
over the same range.
In summary, ALL measurements from inclusive jetdata from 2005 and 2006 are reported. These results
provide significant constraints on the gluon spin contribution to the proton spin when compared to NLO
pQCD calculations. They play a significant role in thefirst global NLO analysis to consider DIS, SIDIS and
RHIC data together.

T

Fig. 1. Preliminary 2006 ALL for inclusive jet production√
at s = 200 GeV versus jet pT , where the error bars are
statistical and the gray bands indicate the systematic
uncertainties.

Figure 1 shows preliminary 2006 ALL versus jet pT
corrected for detector response. The points with error
bars are the data with statistical uncertainties. The
gray shaded band represents the systematic uncertainties, excluding the 25% uncertainty on the beam polarization values. Figure 1 also shows NLO pQCD
calculations which incorporate different scenarios for∗1

Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303- 69 -

References
1) K. H. Ackermann et al. (STAR collaboration), Nucl.
Instrum. Meth. A 499, 624 (2003).
2) B. I. Abelev et al. (STAR collaboration), Phys. Rev.
Lett. 97, 252001 (2006).
3) B. I. Abelev et al. (STAR collaboration), Phys. Rev.
Lett. 100, 232003 (2008).
4) M. Glück, E. Reya, M. Stratmann and W. Vogelsang,
Phys. Rev. D 63, 094005 (2001).
5) M. Stratmann and W. Vogelsang (private communication), 2007.
6) T. Gehrmann and W. J. Stirling, Phys. Rev. D 53, 6100
(1996).
7) D. de Florian, R. Sassot, M. Stratmann, and W. Vogelsang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 072001 (2008).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Measurement of Transverse Single Spin Asymmetry of Open Heavy
Flavor in Polarized p+p Collisions at PHENIX
H. Liu∗1 , M. Liu∗1 , H. Al-Bataineh∗2 and X.R. Wang∗2 for the PHENIX Collaboration[Spin, Asymmetry]
The transverse spin structure of the proton is still
poorly understood. The measurement of transverse
single spin asymmetries gives us an opportunity toprobe the quark and gluon structure of transversely
polarized nucleons. At RHIC energy, heavy ﬂavor production is dominated by gluon-gluon fusion, so the
Collins eﬀect (transversity distribution in combination
with spin-dependent fragmentation function) has minimum eﬀects on transverse single spin asymmetry (AN )as the gluon’s transversity is zero. The measurementof AN in heavy ﬂavor production is thus particularly
sensitive to the gluon Sivers distribution (transversely
asymmetric kT gluon distributions) which is related
to the orbital angular momentum of gluons inside thepolarized protons.
In this report we present the ﬁrst measurement of
AN in single muons from open heavy ﬂavor decay
production
in transversely polarized p+p collisions at√
s=200GeV. The muons are measured with muon
spectrometers in full azimuthal coverage at forward rapidities (1.2 < |η| < 2.4).
The single muons from semi-leptonic decay of open
heavy ﬂavor are measured through the statistical subtraction of background sources, with the remaining
yield attributed to open heavy ﬂavor decays. The
sources of backgrounds are: (1) muons from light
hadron decay before reaching the pre Muon Tracker(MuTr) absorber; (2) punch through hadrons which
penetrate the 1.5m of steel absorber to reach the deepest layer of MuID; (3) background tracks which dominated by hadron which decay into a muon after reaching the MuTr. The detail of how to estimate the background contributions can be found in1) .
Transverse single spin asymmetry AN is measured
as


↑
↓
↑
↓
NL · NR − NL↓ · NR↑
1 σ −σ
1


=
,(1)
AN =
Pb σ ↑ + σ ↓PbNL↑ · NR↓ + NL↓ · NR↑
where Pb is the beam polarization from CNI and jetpolarimeter analysis, σ ↑ (σ ↓ ) is the single muon production cross section from crossings with polarized bunchspin up(down), N ↑ (N ↓ ) is the particle yield.
is corrected for the contribution
The measured AIncl
Nof background by using
hys
AP
=
N
∗1
∗2

BG
Aincl
N − r · AN
,
1−r

(2)

Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA- 70 -

hys
δAP
=
N


BG 2
2
2
(δAinclN ) + r · (δAN )
1−r

,

(3)

where r = N BG /N Incl is the background fraction, andABG
N is the background asymmetry.
At RHIC energy, transverse single spin asymmetry in open charm production was suggested to probe
gluon Sivers function2) and the trigluon correlation
functions in the nucleon3) . The ﬁrst measurement of
AN of single muons from open heavy ﬂavor decay has
been made as a function of xF (Figure 1), and pT in
the forward and backward rapidities (Figure 2). The
large uncertainty of background contribution dominates the systematic uncertainty. A direct comparison
between the prediction for D mesons and muons fromopen heavy ﬂavor (open charm and beauty) decay will
be available soon. The observed asymmetries in single muon production are signiﬁcantly smaller than themodel prediction for D mesons with maximal gluon
Sivers function in the same kinematics region (xF andpT ) given in ref.2) .

Fig. 1. AN vs. xF in single muon production.

Fig. 2. AN vs. pT in single muon production in the forward(left) and backward (right) rapidities.

References
1) S.S. Alder et al. : Phys. Rev. D 76,092002(2007).
2) M. Anselmino et al. : Phys. Rev. D 70,074025(2004).
3) Z.B. Kang et al. : Phys. Rev. D 78,114013(2008).

1

(2009)RIKEN
RIKEN Accel.
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 4242 (2009)

Reaction Plane Dependence of Neutral Pion Production at√sN N =200 GeV Au+Au Collisions at RHIC-PHENIX
Y. Aramaki∗1[relativistic heavy ion collisions, jet quenching, elliptic ﬂow]

∗1

Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo

At centrality bin range of 40-60 %, values of χ2 /NDF
for constant and linear function are 2.23/5 and 2.21/4,
respectively. These results indicate that the values ofv2 (π 0 ) at most central and peripheral collisions tend
to be constant while in mid-central collisions tend to
decrease.
With the new data we will be able to measure thedependence of RAA on azimuthal angle up to higher
transverse momenta than ever before. We can also estimate the path length by measuring the azimuthal angle from reaction plane and mapping it into the shapeof the participant region, which can be calculated by
Glauber model for each impact parameter (centrality).

Fig. 1. RAA (5<pT <8 GeV/c) as a function of azimuthal
angle at centrality 20-30% and blue dashed line is ASW
model curve at pT = 15 GeV/c.

0.3

Centrality 00 - 20 %Chi2NDF(Const. fit) : 4.45/5.0

v2(π0) with RxNP

0.1

-0.1

-0.2

0

PHENIX Preliminary

Au+Au collisions (Run7)
sNN = 200 GeV
2

4

6

8

10

Chi2NDF(Const. fit) : 4.39/5.0

0.1

-0.1

-0.2

12 14
p [GeV/c]T

PHENIX Preliminary

Au+Au collisions (Run7)
sNN = 200 GeV
2

4

6

8

10

Chi2NDF(Const. fit) : 2.23/5.0
Chi2NDF(Linear fit) : 2.21/4.0

0.2

0.1

-0.0

PHENIX Preliminary

-0.1

-0.2

12
14
p [GeV/c]T

Centrality 40 - 60 %0.3

Chi2NDF(Linear fit) : 1.49/4.0

0.2

-0.0

0.4

Centrality 20 - 40 %0.3

Chi2NDF(Linear fit) : 4.34/4.0

0.2

-0.0

0.4

v2(π0) with RxNP

0.4v2(π 0) with RxNP

It has been observed in central Au+Au collisions
at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) that theyield of neutral pion at high transverse momentum(pT >5 GeV/c) is strongly suppressed compared to theone expected from p + p collisions scaled by the number of binary collisions. This suppression is considered
to be due to the energy lost by hard scattered partonsin the medium (jet quenching), which results in a decrease of the yield at a given pT . Many theoreticalmodels have been proposed to understand the partonenergy loss mechanism. One of which is GLV method1)
and it is one of the calculations that predicts that themagnitude of energy loss is proportional to square of
the path length. Studying the path length dependence
of energy loss should help in understanding of energy
loss process.
Recently theoretical models (ASW2) , HT3) andAMY4) ) to describe parton energy loss mechanism
which involve the time-evolution of the medium produced at RHIC have been proposed. These models
succeeded in reproducing the centrality dependenceof RAA (pT )5) . Figure 1 shows the nuclear modiﬁcation factor, RAA (5<pT <8 GeV/c) as a function of azimuthal angle and the pT = 15 GeV/c of the ASW
model curve which has largest variation in the above
models. As shown in Fig. 1, even if we compare thecurve with the pT = 15 GeV/c of the ASW model todata at much lower pT (5<pT <8 GeV/c), these models are still unable to reproduce the azimuthal angle
dependence of RAA ,Reaction plane detector was installed in RHICYear 2007 and reaction plane determination precision
has been improved by a factor of two as compared tothat in RHIC-Year 2004. Figure. 2 shows v2 (π 0 ) asa function of pT for each 20 % centrality bin. The
only two high pT points above 10 GeV/c are measured
with full statistics. Measured v2 (π 0 ) values are nonzero for all centrality bins. Two assumed functions
are ﬁtted to this data to understand the trend at highpT . One is linear function (f (v2 ) = a · pT + b) andthe other is constant value (f (v2 ) = c), where a, b
and c are free parameters. At centrality bin range of
0-20 %, values of χ2 /NDF for constant and linear function are 4.45/5 and 4.34/4, respectively. At centrality
bin range of 20-40 %, values of χ2 /NDF for constantand linear function are 4.39/5 and 1.49/4, respectively.

Au+Au collisions (Run7)
sNN = 200 GeV
2

4

6

8

10

12 14 16
p [GeV/c]T

Fig. 2. v2 (π 0 ) as a function of pT for each 20 % centralitybin. Red solid and blue dashed lines show constant andlinear function, respectively. Red and blue lines are
ﬁtted to data from 6 GeV/c.

References
1) M. Gyulassy et al.: Phys. Lett. B538, 282 (2002).
2) T. Renk et al.: Phys. Rev. C75 031902 (2007).
3) A. Majumder et al.: Phys. Rev. C76 041902 (2007).
4) G-Y. Qin et al.: Phys. Rev. C76 064907 (2007).
5) S.A. Bass et al.: J. Phys. G35 104064 (2008).

- 71 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

in

√

A study of ω meson productionsN N =200GeV A+A collisions at PHENIX
M.Ouchida∗1 for the PHENIX Collaboration

R AA

2

Au+Au,s NN = 200 GeV
direct γ 0-10%
η 0-10%PHENIX Preliminary

1.8

π0 0-10% (arXiv:0801.4020)

1.6(p+p)/2 0-10%

1.4(K +K )/2 0-10%

φ 0-10%-ω 0-20%

0-10%

0-20%

1.2

+

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

the three-body decay mode. We introduce the samekinematical cuts such as momentum and energy rangethat√ are used for Au+Au analysis to establish the highS/ B. Fig. 2 shows an example of an invariant spectrum reconstructed by 3 gammas after subtracting two
types of background: one is the combinatorial background reconstructed by the mixed event method andthe other is from a resonance such as Ks0 (Ks0 → 2π 0 ).
Even though the statistics are limited, we can see thepeak of ω → 3γ decays.
count

The measurement of hadrons under extreme conditions created by relativistic heavy-ion collisions is
an intriguing study being carried out as part of thequest to observe the QCD phase transition, quark
gluon plasma (QGP). PHENIX has provided systematic measurement of hadrons in Au+Au collisions suggesting that all meson production is suppressed due
to jet quenching which is considered to be an eﬀect of
QGP1) (Fig. 1 shows the nuclear modiﬁcation factor
of various particles; if there is no nuclear matter eﬀect,
the factor should be 1). Here, we contribute a measurement of ω mesons (782GeV/c2√) via the radiative decay
mode (ω → π 0 γ, π 0 → 2γ) in sN N =200GeV Au+Au
collisions. It has been found that nuclear modiﬁcationof ω and φ may be showing interesting behaviors, andthis may be the onset of a dependence of quark energy
loss on ﬂavor and/or spin.
To support the study of ω mesons in heavy-ion collisions, we√ have conducted an analysis of Cu+Cu collisions in sN N =200GeV. Since Cu+Cu collisions havelower multiplicity than Au+Au collisions and have different initial conditions, systematic measurement inthis collision mode provide an important reference.
In addition to miminum bias (MB) trigger data, weused photon/electron trigger (ERT) data fulﬁlling hightrigger condition of EMCal and RHIC, which are enriched with high-momentum photons to achieve better statistics for high momentum. The main challengeof this analysis is to handle the huge combinatorial
background necessary for reconstructing particles from50

%W%W '46EGPVTCNKV[

40

ȁ )G8E

30
20
10
0
-10
-20
0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4
[GeV/c 2 ]Fig. 2. Invariant Mass Spectra of 3γ (after subtracting
backgrounds) at 6.5 < pT (ω) < 7.5 [GeV/c] in ERT
data set.

To evaluate the reconstructed eﬃciency, we performed a single ω event simulation using event generators based on Monte Carlo codes. The PHENIX
implementation of the GEANT-based simulation andthe event particle tracking software system, PISA wereused to consider the detector response. Trigger eﬃciency of ERT is estimated from a comparison of single
γ energy spectra between the MB and ERT data set.
The analysis of ω meson invariant yield in Cu+Cu isreaching the ﬁnal stage. The behavior in RAA , whichis yet to be shown, is of great interest. We plan to
publish the results of inclusive ω meson measurement
including the Cu+Cu results together with the Au+Au
results shown in Fig.1. Although considerable statistical errors are unavoidable, a comparison between theseanalyses is quite meaningful for seeing the eﬀect of
diﬀerent initial conditions provided by diﬀerent beamspecies.
References

910
p (GeV/c)

1) A.Adare et al. : Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 232301 (2008)2) M.Naglis: nucl-ex/0809.3557

T

Fig. 1. Nuclear modiﬁcation factor, RAA , of various particles in central Au+Au collisions;2) if there is no nuclear
matter eﬀect, the factor should be 1.
∗1

Hiroshima University- 72 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)2009)High pT Charged Pion Cross Section, Using PHENIX Central Arms†
A. Morreale,∗1[Nuclear structure, charged pions, cross sections, proton proton collisions]Introduction

Inclusive π ± cross sections at high transverse momentum (pT ) are of interest as these can be used
to conﬁrm that pQCD is an applicable framework to
study spin assymetries. Charged pion double helicity
asymetries from the 2006 run have been reported andcompared with the latest theoretical predictions[3],which make use of fragmentation functions for charged
separated species[2]. These asymmetry data will be
useful in solving the puzzle of the origin of the proton’s spin. In this report, we summarize the on-goingeﬀort to extract the charged separated pion cross sections for 5 < pT < 10 GeV/c.
2

PHENIX Detection of high pT π ±Montecarlo Studies Compared to Data

The light emitting thresholds in the RICH are as
follows: e± 17MeV/c, π ± 4.7GeV/c, K ± 16 Gev/c,
p, p 30 GeV/c. Within a pT of 5-10 GeV/c, only e±and π ± will emit Čerenkov light. The RICH has different eﬃciencies for e± and π ± as the opening angle
is diﬀerent for each species. e± with their larger opening angle, will have recognizable ring or corona shaped
light emission, while π ± will emit light over a disk.
∗1

h3_1
Entries
133
Mean
8.504
RMS
1.64

Fitted value of par[1]=MeanHigh pT π ± which are to be used for a cross section
measurement, are selected from the reconstructed highquality charged tracks in the drift chamber(DC). Minimum bias triggered data is used. The π ± selection
starts with applying an initial Čerenkov light emisionthreshold for the pions in the ring imaging Čerenkov
detector (RICH)[1]. The reconstructed DC tracks areprojected to the pad chambers (PC) and to the electromagnetic calorimeter (EMCal). The obtained hits inthese detectors are compared to the actual associatedhits. The standard deviations of the projected to theactual positions are evaluated as a function of momentum and incident angle; application of further cuts onthese variables is known as pion track matching.
The main background for this analysis comes fromsecondary e± from γ conversions, which occur far fromthe collision vertex. These particles will produce lightin the RICH with high eﬃciency and will mimic highpT π ± ,, albeit with very low energy. The primary e±to π ± , ratios are 10−3 , thus e± coming from the vertex
pose small contamination.
3

Fig. 1 shows the typical turn on threshold behaviour
for a π ± . Several monte carlo studies have been initiated, some which are omitted in this report due to page
limitations. One such study shows that most e± proceeding from γ conversions can be removed by applying
a matching cut of 2.5 σ: from roughly 8,000 simulated
conversion e± that mimic a high pT π ± , only about 72
will survive π ± , matching cuts. Zed, the z-coordinate
at which the charged track crosses the drift chamber
detector’s reference radius (220 cm) is also studied.
Conversion background has a strong zed dependance.
π ± , have a ﬂat zed ditribution, while conversion e± ,will typically show high tails at high zed. [Fig. 2] A
cut on this z coordinate, is also an eﬀective way ofremoving background.

Department of Physics, University of California at Riverside- 73 -<N(n1)pmt> (Disk r =11cm)

1

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
4

5

6

7

8

9
10
11
pT π- Simulated Data

Fig. 1: Number of RICH photo multiplier tubes ﬁred within
a disk of 11 cm radius. The abcissa is the pT of asimulated π −γ { zed>-10000} From π + Single Particle Simulation

htemp
Entries
3863
Mean
4.352
59.11
RMS

140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-100

-50

0

50

100
zed(cm)Fig. 2: Typical zed distribution of conversion e± proceedingfrom γ conversions, note the high tails.

4

Conclusions

The studies reported represent a small sample of theongoing eﬀort to measure charged pion cross sections
at high pT in the PHENIX detector. RHIC p+p datafrom the year 2006 is used in this analysis.
References
1) K. Adcox et al., PHENIX central arm tracking detectors, NIM
A499 489-507, 2003
2) D. de Florian, et al., Physical Review D, Volume 75, American Physical Society, New York, 2007 pp. 114010. e-Print: hepph/0703242.
3) A. Morreale, 17th International Spin Physics Symposium , AIP
Conference Proceedings,AIP, New York, Volume 915, pp. 359362, 2007.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Multiplicity Measurement in the Proton-Proton Collisions at the
LHC†
S. Sano,∗1 H. Hamagaki,∗1 T. Gunji,∗1 C. Garabatos2 M. Ivanov2 and J. Wiechula2[Multiplicity, Color Glass Condensate (CGC), LHC]
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) predicts thecolor glass condensate (CGC) which is the consequenceof the self interaction of the gluon1)2) . The hot anddense matter made at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has the large elliptic flow in non-central
Au+Au collision3) , and the values of v2 , anisotropy forthe azimuthal angle distribution of generated particles,
agree with the results in the calculation of the hydrodynamics of the ideal fluid, but not with the model
including the effect of CGC4) . In order to research
for the hydrodynamical property of the high energy
matter, the investigation of the effect of the CGC isneeded.
The parton saturation as a consequence of CGC will
be more conspicuous in the LHC than the RHIC. In
the first collision of proton-proton at the LHC, which
will be done at 2009, the effect of CGC will be found in
the multiplicity measurement5) . In this report, the status of the preparation for the measurement of dN/dη
distribution of the charged multiplicity is described.
As the first step for the measurement of dN/dη,the estimation of the acceptance of the TPC for the
charged particles was begun. These values are determined by the comparison of the input data from theevent generator (MC event) to the event summary data
(ESD) of the detector simulation and reconstruction.
Data used to this analysis is Physics Data Challenge
2008 (PDC 08), which simulates the p+p collisions at√
s = 10 TeV generated with Pythia 6 as the firstphysics for the LHC. The acceptance is assumed to be
the function of pseudo-rapidity, vertex z position for
the each track, and transverse momentum. dN/dη iscalculated as V z2  pT 2  dN|η=η =C(η  , z, pT )dηV z1
pT 1 event track dN 
×dpT dz × CpT ,vz cut (η  )(1)
dzdpT dη ESD
where the summation is executed for the measured
tracks and used events, the integration is executed forthe region passed the vertex and pT cutoff. C(η  , z, pT )is the correction factor obtained from the simulation as
follows.
C(η, z, pT ) =Nacc (η, z, pT )Ngen (η, z, pT )(2)

Nacc (η, z, pT ) and Nacc (η, z, pT ) are the number of∗1∗2charged particles accepted and generated, respectively.
CpT ,vzcut (η  ) is the correction factor for the limited integration for pT and the vertex z position. It is underdevelopment.
Calibration of the TPC using laser is also under development. The aim of the laser calibration is to measure the response of the TPC to the straight tracks at
the known position. The distortion of the electric fieldat the edge of chambers, misalignment of the each sector, and the distortion of the drift velocity were measured. Figure 1 shows the distortion of the gain as afunction of the distance from the edge of chambers of
the TPC. The fit function shown in Fig 1 is used tothe calibration code.

Fig. 1. The gain as a function of the distance from the edgeof chambers of the TPC.

Estimation of the correction factor for the measurement of the charged multiplicity and the calibration of
TPC will be developed until the first p+p collision at
LHC scheduled on the September at 2009.
References
1) L. V. Gribov, E. M. Levin, M. G. Ryskin, Phys. Rep.
100 (1983) 1.
2) L. McLerran, R. Venugopalan, Phys. Rev. D 49 (1994)
2233.
3) K. Adcox, et al, PHENIX Collaboration, Nucl. Phys. A
757 (2005) 184.
4) T. Hirano, U. Heinz, D. Kharzeev, R. Lacey, Y. Nara,
Phys. Lett B 636 (2006) 299.
5) D. Kharzeev, E. Levin, M. Nardi, Nucl Phys A 747(2005) 609.

Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo, Japan
Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI), Germany- 74 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Recent progress in precision pionic atom spectroscopy at RIBF†
K. Itahashi,∗1 S. Itoh,∗1,∗2 N. Fukunishi,∗1 H. Outa,∗1 H. Geissel,∗3 M. Winkler,∗3 H. Weick,∗3 andR.S. Hayano∗2
for the pionic atom factory collaboration.
[hadron in medium, pionic atom, beam optics, spectroscopy]
1

Introduction

Spectroscopy of pionic atoms has been contributing to understanding of the origin of hadron masses1) .
According to theories, the hadron masses dynamicallygrow as chiral symmetry of the surrounding media, thevacuum, is partially broken2) . The order of the symmetry breaking depends on the energy density of thevacuum and is parametrized by the magnitude of thequark condensate < q̄q >3,4) . At higher temperature
or at higher density the quark condensate decreases
and it becomes zero beyond certain limits.
The objective of the present experiment5) and those
to follow is evaluation of the magnitude of the quark
condensate at the normal nuclear density throughprecise experimental determination of the in-medium
isovector interaction strengths between the pion andthe nucleus5,6) . Previous results of pionic atom spectroscopy yielded ﬁrst quantitative estimation of its reduction at the normal nuclear density to be about 33% compared to that in the vacuum1,7–10) . This estimation is consistent with the theoretical prediction of
about 30 %, and is supporting the theories. However,the value of 33 % deﬁnitely needs more careful andprecise evaluation.
In the present experiment, we are going to measure missing mass of the 122 Sn(d, 3 He) reaction near
the pion emission threshold using the BigRIPS11) in
the RIBF12) as a spectropmeter and to determine thebinding energies and widths of the 1s and 2s pionic121
Sn. Accomplishment of this experiment will be astart point for systematic study of pionic atoms.
Here, we will brieﬂy summarize the recent progress.
2

Beam optics∗2∗3

b16 s11 + b26 s12 + s16 t66 = 0(1)

with the transfer matrices




xf
x0
 af  = ST B  a0  ,
δf
δ0

(2)

where



s11
S =  s21
0

s12
s22
0



s16
b11
s26  , B =  b21
0
1

b12
b22
0


b16
b26 
1

and T denotes (d, 3 He) reaction at the target witht66 ∼ 1.31, which is attributed to the relation between
incident and outgoing momenta in the kinematics.
The largest diﬃculty to build above dispersion
matching beam optics resides in the fact that the SRC
is sitting in the most upstream of the system as a large
optical element. Therefore, we need to study in detailthe optics of the SRC ﬁrst.

EBM
EDC

To achieve better precision, one of the most ciritical issues is the beam optics of the spectrometer BigRIPS. Since the momentum spread of the incident
beam (∆p/p) is as large as 0.1 %, its contribution to
the experimental resolution is huge and is estimated to
be about ∼ 1 MeV (FWHM), which is about 5 times
larger than target value of 200 keV. Thus, to compensate for the momentum spread, we need to develop
a dispersion matching beam optics between two sections; the beamline SRC–target and the spectrometer∗1

target–F5 focal plane.
The dispersion matching condition in our experiment is described as

RIKEN Nishina Center, RIKEN
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
GSI, Darmstadt- 75 -

Fig. 1. Beam trajectories in the SRC.

We have performed a detailed calculation of thebeam trajectries inside the SRC from EDC to EBM
as shown in Fig. 1. At the EDC, the SRC is tuned
to make an upright ellipsoid. Figure 1 shows the calculated beam trajectories in the SRC. Calculating the1derivatives of the trajectories, we have obtained theﬁrst order transfer matrix from EDC to EBM. Thus
calculated matrix is a11 a12 a16−1.00 −0.34 7.69
 a21 a22 a26  =  2.97 −0.01 −25.4 
a61 a62 a66
00
1

The beamline optics between EBM and the target
is calculated so as to decouple the optics near the intermediate focal plane after QDT11 to leave room for
ﬂexibility to adjust to the properties of the incident
beam since we have little knowledge on them. The
ﬁrst quadrupole quartet is used for this purpose, andthe quality of the adjustment is measured at the focus
after the QDT11. The obtained matrix is b11 b12 b16
−0.39
0
4.60
 b21 b22 b26  =  −2.90 −2.58 21.0 
b61 b62 b66
00
1

The calculated beam optics for the beamline isshown in Fig. 2

X
Target

EBM
Y
QTT31

DMT3

QTT21

DMT2

QDT12

DMT1

QDT11

QTT02

QQG01

Fig. 2. Beam line optics from the SRC to the target.

The above obtained matrix is used for the optics
calculation in the BigRIPS to fulfull Eq. 1
We are going to make a detailed test of the calculated beam optics in May, 2009.
3

Expected resolution

Based on the calculated beam optics, we have estimated the expected experimental resolution in FWHM
depending on the emittance of the incident beam asshown in Fig. 3. The estimation is assuming the target thickness of 15 mg/cm2 , which contributes about
140 keV [FWHM].
As shown in Fig. 3, the emittance of the incident
beam is crucial in the present spectroscopy and weneed to optimize the horizontal beam size at EBM.
References
1) K. Suzuki et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 072302 (2004).
2) Y. Nambu and G. Jona-Lasinio, Phys. Rev. 122, 345(1961).

2- 76 -

Fig. 3. Experimental resolution in FWHM depending on
the horizontal beam size in σ at the EBM.

3) G. Drukarev and E. M. Levin, Nucl. Phys. A511, 679(1990); A532, 695 (1991); Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys. 27,
77 (1991).
4) W. Weise, Nucl. Phys. A553, 53 (1993) and references
therein.
5) K. Itahashi et al., RIBF proposal No.054 “ Spectroscopyof Pionic Atom in 122 Sn(d, 3 He) Nuclear Reaction”(2008) and references therein.
6) E.E. Kolomeitsev, N. Kaiser, and W. Weise, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 90, 092501 (2003).
7) T. Yamazaki et al., Z. Phys. A 355, 210 (1996).
8) H. Gilg et al., Phys. Rev. C 62, 025201 (2001).
9) K. Itahashi et al., Phys. Rev. C 62, 025202 (2001).
10) H. Geissel et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 122301 (2002).
11) T. Kubo et al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. B 204, 97 (2003).
12) Y. Yano, Nucl. Inst. Meth. B 261, 1009 (2007).

4.

Hadron Physics(Theory)

020S
RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Glueball Decay in Holographic QCD†
K. Hashimoto,∗1 C.-I. Tan,∗2 and S. Terashima∗3[Glueballs, Hadron physics, Superstring theory]
Glueballs, as excitations of gauge-invariant composite operators in Yang-Mills theories, remain illusive.
Although the existence of the glueballs (of various
types, such as scalar glueballs and tensor glueballs)
is expected, their experimental identiﬁcation in the
hadron spectra remains diﬃcult. This diﬃculty islargely due to the inability to compute reliably couplings of glueballs to ordinary mesons in strongly coupled QCD. Lattice QCD predicts for the mass of thelightest scalar glueball to be around 1600-1700 MeV,
but it doesn’t yet provide information on the glueballcouplings and decay products/widths, which are indispensable for their identiﬁcation. The Large Hadron
Collider (LHC) will likely yield a huge amount of
hadronic data, which can lead to progress in revealing the mystery of glueballs.
In this paper, using holographic QCD based on D4branes and D8-anti-D8-branes,1) we have computed
couplings of glueballs to light mesons. We describe
glueball decay by explicitly calculating its decay widths
and branching ratios. Interestingly, while glueballs remain less well understood both theoretically and experimentally, our results are found to be consistent
with the experimental data for the scalar glueball candidate f0 (1500). More generally, holographic QCD
predicts that decay of any glueball to 4π0 is surpressed,
and that mixing of the lightest glueball with q q̄ mesons
is small.
The AdS/CFT (gauge/gravity) correspondence (duality) is one of the most important developments instring theory, and, holographic QCD refers to the application of AdS/CFT to QCD studies. The basic
claim of the AdS/CFT correspondence is that correlation functions of gauge-invariant composite operators in large Nc gauge theories at strong ’t Hooft coupling correspond to classical gravitational computations in higher dimensional gravity theories in curved
backgrounds. The correspondence has been applied
to (i) computation of glueball spectrum in large Nc
pure Yang-Mills theory and to (ii) q q̄ meson spectra/dynamics in large Nc QCD, which we review brieﬂy
below. These eﬀorts have been quite successful in reproducing lattice and experimental data of hadrons,even though the real QCD is recovered in the “CFT”
side only when one incorporates various corrections in
the large Nc and large ’t Hooft coupling expansion.
†
∗1
∗2
∗3

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. D 77, 080061(2008)
Theoretical Physics Laboratory, RIKEN
Department of Physics, Brown University
Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University- 77 -

Here we combine these two eﬀorts, (i) and (ii), in order to calculate couplings between the glueballs andthe q q̄ mesons, in the large Nc QCD.
The key merit of using holographic QCD is the factthat one not only can calculate the hadron spectra,
but also can compute explicitly their couplings. It provides a more powerful method for constraining these
couplings than the chiral perturbation technique. In
particular, since glueballs are expected to be heavier
than 1 GeV, derivative expansion in chiral perturbation becomes unreliable. Furthermore, current latticecalculations are not well suited for computing dynamical quantities such as decays and couplings. Our paper represents a ﬁrst principle calculation for glueballdecays, though in the approximation where the holographic duality is valid.
We compute the couplings between the glueballs andthe q q̄ mesons in this setting. In the dual description through the AdS/CFT, they correspond to thesupergravity ﬂuctuations and the Yang-Mills ﬂuctuations on the D8-branes, respectively. These two sectors
are coupled in the combined system of supergravity
plus D8-branes. We substitute the ﬂuctuations (wavefunctions) of the supergravity ﬁelds (corresponding to
the glueball) and the D8-brane massless ﬁelds (mesons)into the D8-brane action and integrate over the extra
dimensions, to obtain the desired couplings. Combining sectors (i) and (ii) is important not only due to its
phenomenological impact but also because this represents the ﬁrst computation in holographic QCD of thecouplings between the supergravity ﬂuctuations andthe ﬁelds on the probe D-branes.
Once the couplings are obtained, we can computethe decay widths for various decay channels of a glueball, and study its possible mixings. Because the wholeq q̄ meson sector is combined into the D8-brane action,
which is a higher-dimensional Yang-Mills lagrangian,several interesting mesonic features follow. For example, at the leading order (in the expansion of thelarge ’t Hooft coupling), glueball decay to 4π0 is prohibited. There is no direct 4π0 coupling to the glueball, and, furthermore, glueball - ρ meson coupling
also does not allow the 4π0 decay mode. As for the
mixing, we can show that the lightest glueball has no
mixing with q q̄ mesons at the leading order of our expansion. These are our main predictions based on theholographic QCD.
References
1) T. Sakai and S. Sugimoto, Prog. Theor. Phys. 113, 843(2005), Prog. Theor. Phys. 114, 1083 (2005).

1

022S
RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Quark Mass Deformation of Holographic Massless QCD†
K. Hashimoto,∗1 T. Hirayama,∗2 F.L. Lin,∗3 and H.U. Yi∗4
[Quark mass, Hadron physics, Superstring theory]
AdS/CFT correspondence, gauge/gravity duality,
has provided us with a new avenue to compute observables in strongly interacting gauge theories via weakly
coupled gravitational descriptions. Recently in superstring theory, using particular kinds of D-branes,
there proposed a holographic model of QCD by Sakaiand Sugimoto1) , where the non-Abelian chiral symmetry and its spontaneous breaking is geometricallyrealized via a D4/D8/D8 conﬁguration. The model
predictions for the meson spectrum and the couplings
between them compare well with experiments with agood accuracy. Baryons in this model were also investigated. Moreover, this holographic model has anability of predicting possible glue-ball interactions tomesons. There are many other QCD observables thathave been analyzed in this model, which show that themodel is a good approximation to real QCD at leastin low energy, large Nc -limit.
Despite its success in many aspects, this model has
an apparent shortcoming that the pions are massless. This is because the quarks are massless fromthe construction. In our work, we propose deformations of the Sakai-Sugimoto model which correspondto the introduction of the quark mass. Our deformations have additional D-branes away from the original conﬁning Nc D4-branes, which still have a reasonable ﬁeld theory interpretation. The original SakaiSugimoto model is restored once these additional Dbranes are moved to spatial inﬁnity in the bulk. In
the ﬁeld theory view-point, our idea is rather similar to the extended technicolor model, where we havean additional sector to the original QCD, which contains new techni-quarks interacting via new technicolor interactions. The quarks/techni-quarks are massless at UV, but the chiral symmetry (the electroweak
symmetry in this case) is spontaneously broken by atechni-quark condensate driven by the strong technicolor gauge interactions. QCD quarks get explicit baremass term from the techni-quark condensate, throughquark-techniquark interaction.
To realize this idea in our set-up, we introduce additional N  D4-branes (we call them D4 -branes) which
are parallel to, but separated from the original Nc
D4-branes of QCD gauge symmetry. The total gauge
†
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Condensed from the article in Journal of High Energy
Physics 0807, 089 (2008)
Theoretical Physics Laboratory, RIKEN
Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences,
Hsinchu, Taiwan
Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University
The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical
Physics, Trieste, Italy- 78 -

symmetry is SU (Nc + N  ) when the D4 -branes areon top of the original D4-branes, and it is broken
to SU (Nc ) × SU (N  ) by a Higgs mechanism via separating the D4 from the D4. Massive oﬀ-diagonal
gauge bosons appear as strings suspended between
the D4 and the D4 . We add Nf D8/D8-branes as
in Sakai-Sugimoto model to introduce massless quarks
and techni-quarks, which are charged under the chiralsymmetry U (Nf )×U (Nf ). By assuming a strong technicolor SU (N  ) dynamics on the D4 -branes, which replaces the D4 -branes with the Witten’s geometry, thechiral symmetry is spontaneously broken by adjoining the D8/D8-branes there, as in the Sakai-Sugimotomodel but with the technicolor instead of the QCD
gauge group. This breaking will be mediated to the
QCD sector of the Nc D4-branes by, for example, themassive gauge bosons coming from the open strings
stretched between the D4 and the D4 -branes. This
induces the bare masses for the QCD quarks.
From the Feynman graphs that would induce quark
masses from a techni-quark condensate, we can easily
identify the corresponding string worldsheets that mediate this phenomenon in our D-brane conﬁguration
in ﬂat space. We consider a circle following D4-D8D4 -D8-branes and a disk worldsheet instanton whoseboundary is ending on this circle. It is responsible
for the extended technicolor interactions coupling thequarks to the techni-quarks. Then we consider thestrongly coupled ﬁeld theory, or equivalently a weakly
coupled gravity description, where we can identify theworldsheet instanton which has been responsible forthe quark mass term. In the gravity description, where
both D4 and D4 -branes are replaced by a near horizon
geometry of a multi-center gravity solution, we have aclosed loop on the surface of the probe D8-branes only,
since the D8- and the D8-branes are smoothly connected at two throats created by the D4- and the D4 brane geometry. The previous worldsheet instanton in
the weak coupling picture is now ending on this closed
loop. The worldsheet instanton is a leading order contribution to the eﬀective action of the D8-branes, since
it is a planar diagram with a single boundary in thelarge N gauge theory. We show that this worldsheet
instanton amplitude indeed induces the lowest mass
perturbation for pions that is expected in the standard low energy chiral Lagrangian. We also show that
the GOR relation is satisﬁed.
References
1) T. Sakai and S. Sugimoto, Prog. Theor. Phys. 113, 843(2005), Prog. Theor. Phys. 114, 1083 (2005).

1

(2009)RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.
4242
(2009)
RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.

Phenomenology of small x physics.
A. M. Stasto∗1,∗2,∗3
Unitarity in Hadron collisionsa)
The LHC machine will open a new kinematicalregime for studying strong interactions in the hadronic
collisions. Of particular interest is the contribution to
the cross section from semihard jets. The perturbative
QCD formula for minijet production consitutes an important ingredient in models describing the total crosssection and multiparticle production in hadron-hadronscattering at high energies. Using arguments basedon s-channel unitarity we set bounds on the minimum
value of pT for which the leading twist minijet formulacan be used. For large impact parameters where correlations between partons appear to be small we foundthat the minimum value of pT should be greater than
2.5 GeV for LHC energies and greater than 3.5 GeV
for cosmic ray energies of about 50 TeV. We also argued that for collisions with values of impact parameters typical for heavy particle production the valuesof minimum pT are likely to be considerably larger.
We also analyzed and quantiﬁed the potential role ofsaturation eﬀects in the gluon density. We found that
although saturation eﬀects alone are not suﬃcient torestore unitarity, they are likely to play an importantrole at LHC energies.
Resummation at low x and strong couplingb)
In recent years there has been large theoretical activity related to the duality between the string model in
the anti de Sitter space and the conformal ﬁeld theories. This duality oﬀers a unique insight into theregime of the strong coupling constant in the gauge
theory where standard perturbative methods fail. In
particular case of the high energy scattering between
the two hadrons the leading exchange is that of the
Pomeron, a Regge trajectory with the quantum numbers corresponding to the vacuum. It was demonstrated that on the gravity side this scattering process
is dominated by the exchange of the spin-two graviton.
It is also known that the Pomeron in the perturbative
theory can be computed using Feynman diagram technique, and it corresponds to the composite state of two
reggeized gluons. It can be obtained as a solution to
the evolution equation for the gluon Greens function
at small values of Bjorken x. We have demonstrated
that a particular resummation model for this evolution kernel for the gluon density at small x creates a
∗1
∗2
∗3
a)
b)

Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802,USA
RIKEN Center, BNL, Upton, NY 11973, USA
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kraków, Poland
Condensed from article1) .
Condensed from article2) .

bridge between the weak and strong couplings. The resummation model embodies both DGLAP and BFKL
anomalous dimensions at leading logarithmic orders,
as well as a kinematical constraint on the real emission
part of the kernel. In the case of pure gluodynamics
the strong coupling limit of the Pomeron intercept is
consistent with the exchange of the spin-two, colorlessparticle.
Exact kinematics in the gluon cascades c)
It is well known that the kinematic eﬀects constitute a large portion of the higher order corrections to
the kernels in the small x evolution equations for theparton densities. They are also present in the computation of the higher order anomalous dimensions of thestandard renormalization group approach. The problem of kinematic eﬀects in the gluon and color dipole
cascades has been addressed in the large Nc limit of
SU (Nc ) Yang–Mills theory. We investigated the treelevel multi-gluon components of the gluon light conewave functions in the light cone gauge keeping theexact kinematics of the gluon emissions. We focusedon the components with all helicities identical to thehelicity of the incoming gluon. The recurrence relations for the gluon wave functions were derived. In
the case when the virtuality of the incoming gluon isneglected the exact form of the multi-gluon wave function has been obtained. Furthermore, we proposed an
approximate scheme to treat the kinematic eﬀects inthe color dipole evolution kernel. The new kernel entangles longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom
and leads to a reduced diﬀusion in the impact parameter. When evaluated in the next-to-leading logarithmic(NLL) accuracy, the kernel reproduces the correct formof the double logarithmic terms of the dipole size ratiospresent in the exact NLL dipole kernel. Finally, we analyzed the scattering of the incoming gluon light cone
components oﬀ a gluon target and the fragmentationof the scattered state into the ﬁnal state. The equivalence of the resulting amplitudes and the maximallyhelicity-violating amplitudes has been demonstrated in
the special case when the target gluon is far in rapidityfrom the evolved gluon wave function.
References
1) T. C. Rogers, A. M. Stasto and M. I. Strikman, Phys.
Rev. D 77, 114009 (2008) [arXiv:0801.0303 [hep-ph]].
2) A. M. Stasto, Pomeron - Graviton duality, [arXiv:0801.0437[hep-ph]].
3) L. Motyka and A. M. Stasto, Exact kinematics in the
dipole and gluon cascade, in preparation.
c)- 79 -

Condensed from article3) .

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

An explanation of the NuTeV anomaly†
W. Bentz,∗1 T. Ito,∗1 I. C. Cloët,∗2 and A. W. Thomas∗3
��
NUCLEAR PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS, Flavor dependence, Neutrino deep inelastic
scattering

The Paschos-Wolfenstein (PW) ratio is deﬁned by1)
R=

νA
νA
σN
C − σN C,νAνAσCC − σCC

where A represents the nuclear target, and N C (CC)indicates weak neutral current (charged current) interactions. This ratio was determined by the NuTeV
collaboration in 20022) by using an iron target, where
the measured inclusive deep inelastic (anti-) neutrino
cross sections are integrated over the Bjorken scaling
variable (xA ) and the energy transfer (y). The ratio
can be expressed in terms of nuclear valence quark distributions qA− = qA − q A by
gvu �xA uA− � − gvd �xA dA− �≡ R0 + δR
3�xA dA− � − �xA uA− �1
R0 = − sin2 ΘW2��7�xA uA− − xA dA− �
2,δR � 1 − sin ΘW3
�xA uA− + xA dA− �
R =where ΘW is the Weinberg angle, and for the quark
weak vector charges (gvq ) we follow the conventions ofRef.3) . �. . .� implies integration over xA , therefore thequantities in angle brackets are the fractions of the target momentum carried by the valence u and d quarks.
R0 is the PW ratio for isospin symmetric matter, andis given solely in terms of the Weinberg angle.
If one can determine the correction term δR arising from the neutron excess, the PW ratio provides aunique way to measure the Weinberg angle. In the
NuTeV analysis, this correction was determined byassuming that the target is composed of free nucleons. The result was2) R − δf R = 0.2723, which implies
sin2 ΘW = 0.2277. The deviation from the Standard
Model value (world average4)) sin2 ΘW = 0.2227 is athree-sigma discrepancy a) , and was often considered
as an indication of physics beyond the Standard Model.
In our previous work5) , we used the quark-diquark
description of the nucleon in the Nambu-Jona-Lasiniomodel combined with the mean ﬁeld approximation forinﬁnite nuclear matter, to evaluate the valence quark
†
∗1
∗2
∗3
a)

Condensed from an article by I.C. Cloët, W. Bentz, andA.W. Thomas, to be published.
Department of Physics, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle,
WA, U.S.A.
Jeﬀerson Laboratories, Newport News, VA, U.S.A.
The result deduced by NuTeV is sin2 ΘW = 0.2277 ±0.0013(stat.) ± 0.0009(syst.), while the world average issin2 ΘW = 0.2227 ± 0.0004.

- 80 -

distributions in isospin asymmetric nuclear environment. In this approach, which successfully describes
the EMC eﬀect6) , we found that the additional binding (symmetry energy) of u quarks in N > Z matter
leads to an enhancement of medium modiﬁcations of
the u quark distributions, and as a result the EMC effect increases as Z/N decreases from 1 to 0.6. Here weuse our in-medium quark distributions for the sameneutron excess as in the NuTeV experiment (5.74%)
to investigate the inﬂuence of these isovector medium
modiﬁcations on the PW ratio.
We use the Standard Model value of sin2 ΘW , andsplit the correction into three pieces: δR = δf R +δmed R + δcsb R. The naive (“free”) and medium corrections are evaluated in our model, while the correction
arising from charge symmetry breaking (md > mu )is taken from Ref.7) . Our results for R − δf R =R0 + δmed R + δcsb R are shown in Table 1 in comparison to the NuTeV result quoted above. The medium
R0
0.2773+ med
0.2741+ csb
0.2724

NuTeV
0.2723

Table 1. Results for the PW ratio after naive isoscalarity
corrections.

correction δmed R = −0.0032 comes mainly from thevector-isovector nuclear mean ﬁeld (ρ0 ), and only asmall part from the Fermi motion of the nucleons. The
ﬁnal theoretical value, including medium modiﬁcations
and charge symmetry breaking, is 0.2724, which explains the NuTeV result of 0.2723. Our conclusion isthat the NuTeV measurement provides strong evidence
that the nucleon is modiﬁed by the nuclear medium,and should not be interpreted as an indication for
physics beyond the Standard Model.
References
1) E.A. Paschos and L. Wolfenstein, Phys. Rev. D 7 (1973)
91.
2) G.P. Zeller et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 (2002) 091802.
3) C. Amsler et al., Phys. Lett. B 667 (2008) 1.
4) D. Abbaneo et al., arXiv:hep-ex/0112021.
5) W. Bentz, I.C. Cloët and A.W. Thomas, RIKEN Accel.
Prog. Rep. 41 (2008) 66.
6) I.C. Cloët, W. Bentz and A.W. Thomas, Phys. Lett. B
642 (2006) 210.
7) J.T. Londergan and A.W. Thomas, Phys. Lett. B 558(2003) 132.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

EMC eﬀect for parity-violating DIS†
W. Bentz,∗1 T. Ito,∗1 I. C. Cloët,∗2 and A. W. Thomas∗3
�NUCLEAR PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS, Flavor dependence, Parity violating deep inelastic
electron scattering

Here xA is the Bjorken variable of the nucleus multiplied by the mass number A, GF is the Fermi coupling
constant, and y = ν/E is the energy transfer divided
by the incident electron energy. The term a2 comesfrom the product of the electron weak axial current
and the quark weak vector current, and is given by�γZ
2 q eq gvq qA+ (xA )
F2A
(xA )
a2 (xA ) = γ= � 2.
F2A (xA )q eq qA+ (xA )Here qA+ (xA ) = qA (xA ) + qA (xA ) are the nuclear parton distributions, and for the deﬁnitions of the nuγ
γZ
clear structure functions (F2A
and F2A) and the quarkqweak vector couplings (gv ) we follow the conventionsof Ref.2) . The term a3 , which comes from the productof the electron weak vector current and the quark weakaxial vector current, makes only a small contribution
to the asymmetry, and will not be discussed here.
γZγ
Because the structure functions F2A
and F2A
have
diﬀerent ﬂavor dependences, they will receive diﬀerent
medium modiﬁcations in isospin asymmetric nuclear
systems (N �= Z). This is clearly seen if we consider
the isovector correction to ﬁrst oder:��
12 uA+ (xA ) − dA+ (xA )92a2 (xA ) �− 4 sin ΘW −,5
25 uA+ (xA ) + dA+ (xA )where ΘW is the Weinberg angle. It follows that ameasurement of a2 would give information on the ﬂavor dependence of nuclear parton distributions. Conversely, if one can make reliable estimates of the isovector correction term, the spin asymmetry provides an
independent method to determine the Weinberg angle.
Here we use the quark distributions in isospin asymmetric nuclear matter, calculated in our previous
†
∗1
∗2
∗3

Condensed from an article by I.C. Cloët, W. Bentz, andA.W. Thomas, to be published.
Department of Physics, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan
Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle,
WA, U.S.A.
Jeﬀerson Laboratories, Newport News, VA, U.S.A.

- 81 -

work in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model3) , to show theisospin dependent medium modiﬁcations of the spin
asymmetry term a2 . In Figs. 1 and 2, anaive
is the2result without medium modiﬁcations (obtained by assuming that the target nucleus is composed of free nucleons), and a2 is our full model result. The Standard
Model value sin2 ΘW = 0.223 is used. The results,
which refer to the NJL model associated with a low
energy scale, do not change much under Q2 evolution
in the valence quark region. We see that the medium
modiﬁcations enhance the spin asymmetry for large
xA . The reason for this is that the isovector-vector
mean ﬁeld (ρ0 ) leads to an additional binding of u
quarks, which results in a softening of uA compared
to dA in the valence quark region3) .
1.1

Iron
1

a2 (xA )In the deep inelastic scattering (DIS) of longitudinalpolarized electrons on unpolarized nuclear targets (A),parity violating (PV) eﬀects due to the interference
between the photon exchange and Z 0 boson exchange
σR − σL.
lead to a non-zero spin asymmetry AP V =σR + σL
Here σR,L denote the double diﬀerential cross sections
for DIS of right and left-hand polarized electrons. In
the Bjorken limit, we have1)��
1 − (1 − y)2
GF Q2√
a2 (xA ) +a3 (xA ) .
AP V =
1 + (1 − y)2
4πα 2

0.9

a2
anaive22
95 − 4 sin ΘW

0.8

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

xA

Fig. 1. Spin asymmetry a1 for Z/N = 26/30.

1.1

Lead
1

a2 (xA )

�

0.9

a2
anaive22
95 − 4 sin ΘW

0.8

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

xA

Fig. 2. Spin asymmetry for Z/N = 82/126.

References
1) T. Hobbs and W. Melnitchouk, Phys. Rev. D 77 (2008),
114023.
2) C. Amsler et al., Phys. Lett. B 667 (2008), 1.
3) W. Bentz, I.C. Cloët and A.W. Thomas, RIKEN Accel.
Prog. Rep. 41 (2008) 66.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

The study of multiquark states based on 1/Nc classiﬁcations
Toru Kojo ∗1

The hadron spectroscopy have provided a lot ofclues to understand the dynamics of strong interaction, QCD. Nowadays, with concepts of color conﬁnement and chiral symmetry breaking, the tendency ofmost hadrons, (conventional) mesons (q q̄) and baryons(qqq), are well-classiﬁed by constituent quark picture.
On the other hand, there exist exceptional hadrons ascandidates of exotica, such as multiquark states withlarge number of quarks beyond two or three, mesonmeson (baryon) molecules, and so on. Obviously weneed new kinds of explanations, which would eventually unveil unexpected aspects of the theory. Fortunately recent experimental investigations provide anincreasing number of data for exotica, e.g., pentaquark
Θ+ (1530), exotic charmonia (X, Y, Z), Λ(1405) as a
candidate of meson-baryon molecule. Thus in thepresent situation, it may be possible to categorize exotica toward the construction of useful concepts forthem in a similar way to using constituent quarks forconventional hadrons.
Among several candidates for exotica, in this work,
we concentrate on the discussion of multiquark components, employing the σ meson (I = 0, J P C = 0++ )as an example. The σ has almost all important ingredients as the exotica: not only usual q q̄ (2q) component but hadronic states beyond the simple constituent
quark picture such as glueball, ππ molecule, and qq q̄ q̄(4q) states. In this respect, the question always arisingin theoretical studies of multiquark components is how
to distinguish them from other hadronic states. To thebest of our knowledge, there has been no simple andclearcut scheme to characterize the diﬀerence betweenthem.
We try to solve this problem by introducing the classiﬁcation scheme based on 1/Nc (Nc is number of color)
expansion1) for the hadronic states in the correlators
made of quark gluon ﬁelds,�†2
Π(q ) = i d4 xeiqx �T J4q (x)J4q(0)�
(1)
where Π calculated in terms of quarks and gluons includes all possible hadronic states generated by 4q operator. In quark-gluon side, Π can be classiﬁed by 1/Nc
as Π = Π(0) + Π(1) + ..., and they are related to theproperties of hadronic states order by order in terms of
1/Nc . For instance, we can show that some hadronic
states can appear at the leading order of 1/Nc , whileother states can not2) .
In this scheme, even if we consider hadronic states∗1

RIKEN-BNL Research Center.

- 82 -m(GeV)[Multiquark, 1/Nc expansion]
meson spectra
1.8
2
2
1.7
mR (I=J=0), m0 =0.7 GeV
1.6
0.8 GeV2
1.5
0.9 GeV2
1.4
m2q (I=J=0)
1.3
mρ
1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
-0.21
-0.23
-0.25
-0.27

-0.29

<qq>1/3 (GeV)

Fig. 1. The masses of 2q states in vector and scalar channel
and 4q state as functions of quark condensate.

with the same quantum number, they can be distinguished by the choice of interpolating ﬁelds and by
the order of 1/Nc in such correlation functions. Then
we can identify whose contributions in quark-gluon
dynamics are responsible to those from the hadronic
states of our interest. After such an identiﬁcation, we
can verify that the mixing diagrams of these states aresuppressed by higher order of 1/Nc , and concentrateon the hadronic states without mixing eﬀects.
We apply this scheme to the case of the σ meson. It
turns out that the obstacles to extract 4q components
from 4q correlators, i.e., the contributions of instanton,
glueball, and, in particular, ππ scattering states can be
identiﬁed and separated in terms of 1/Nc , then we canconcentrate on the remaining 2q and 4q contributions.
The most remarkable point is that 1/Nc classiﬁcation
deﬁnes 4q states as the states which appear in 4q correlator but can not be obtained from the ππ scattering
processes and 2q correlation functions. In this way, we
can assign the hadronic states for proper quark-gluon
diagrams in the computation3) .
After identiﬁcation of quark-gluon graphs responsible to the 4q state, the actual computations of correlation functions in this work was done using QCD sum
rule method. We calculate the masses of 2q states inthe vector and scalar channels, and 4q state as function of quark condensate. The results in Fig.1 indicatethat although 4q component can not explain the small
empirical mass (∼ 500 MeV) enough, still 4q conﬁguration has smaller mass than 2q case by 150∼200 MeV
despite the larger number of quarks participating in
the dynamics. This explicitly indicates the existenceof the nontrivial correlation for the mass reduction of
the 4q system.
References
1) G. ’tHooft, Nucl. Phys. B724, 61 (1974).
2) E. Witten, Nucl. Phys. B160, 57 (1979).
3) T. Kojo and D. Jido, arXiv:0807.2364 [hep-ph].

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

70
Full.
w/o dynamic scr.
w/o static scr.
w/o any scr.

60

T [MeV]

50
40
30
20
10
0

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

kF [1/fm]- 83 -

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Temperature dependence of quarkonium correlators
P. Petreczky,∗1
Quarkonium properties at finite temperature received considerable interest since the famous conjecture by Matsui and Satz that color screening will leadto quarknonium dissociation, which in turn can signal
the onset of deconfinement in heavy ion collisions1) .
This problem has been studied using potential models with screened temperature dependent potential2) .
In-medium quarkonium properties are encoded in thecorresponding spectral functions which in turn are related to meson (current-current) correlation functions
in Euclidean time. Euclidean correlation functions canbe calculated on the lattice. Therefore one can hope tolearn something about in-medium quarkonium properties by studying the temperature dependence of meson
correlators on the lattice. In particular, attempts toreconstruct quarkonium spectral functions using theMaximum Entropy Method (MEM) were presented
in Refs.3–5) . The study of the spectral functions using MEM indicated that 1S charmonia may survive
in the deconfined phase till temperatures as high as(1.6 − 2.2)Tc 3,4) . This result is closely related to thesmall temperature dependence of the Euclidean correlator in the pseudo-scalar channel4,5) . On the other
hand the large temperature dependence of the scalar
and axial-vector correlators has been interpreted as evidence for the expected dissolution of the P-state charmonium. However, it has been pointed out that zeromode contribution, i.e. the contribution from the spectral functions at very small frequencies could lead tolarge temperature dependence of the Euclidean correlators6,7) . Therefore in order to understand quarkonium properties at finite temperature and their relation to collective effects, e.g. screening it is importantto get a detailed understanding of the temperature dependence of the Euclidean correlators, including therole of the zero mode contribution. Here I discuss
the temperature dependence of quarkonium correlators
calculated in quenched approximation on isotropic lattices.
Since the width of the transport peak is very small6) ,the zero mode contribution is independent of the Euclidean time τ to a good approximation. Therefore thezero mode contribution will not show up in the derivative of the correlation functions. To check this I calculated the ratio of the derivatives Gi (τ, T )/Gi
rec (τ, T ),where the reference correlator (the so-called reconstructed correlator) is defined as ∞cosh(ω(τ − 1/2T )).(1)dωσ i (ω, T ∗ )Girec (τ, T ) =sinh(ω/2T )0Here T ∗ is some reference temperature well below the

∗1

1.15
1.1

G’(τ,T)/G’rec(τ,T)

1.05
1
0.95
1.5Tc
2.2Tc
3.0Tc

0.9
0.85
0.02

0.06

0.1

0.14

0.18

0.22

τ [fm]

Fig. 1. The ratio of the derivatives G (τ, T )/Grec (τ, T ) inaxial-vector channel. The results from anisotropic lattice calculations5) are also shown (open symbols).

transition temperature Tc . Furthermore, the index idenotes different channel (e.g. vector, pseudo-scalaretc.). The numerical results for this ratio in the axialvector channel are shown in Figure 1. As one can see
from the figure the ratio is temperature independent toa very approximation and is close to unity. This meansthat almost the entire temperature dependence of theaxial-vector correlator in the Euclidean time is givenby the zero mode contribution and the expected dissolution of P states is not reflected in the correlators.
The figure also shows that similar temperature dependence is found in calculation with anisotropic lattices.
The temperature dependence of the scalar correlator
follows the same pattern as the axial-vector correlator.
A closer analysis of the zero mode contribution showsthat it can be well described by a quasi-particle model,
where the heavy quark masses receive a small thermal
correction8) . The details of the analysis are presented
in a recent publication8) .
References
1) T. Matsui and H. Satz, Phys. Lett. B 178 (1986) 416
2) for recent review see Á Mócsy, arXiv:08110337 [hepph]3) M. Asakawa and T. Hatsuda, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92(2004) 012001
4) S. Datta, F. Karsch, P. Petreczky and I. Wetzorke,
Phys. Rev. D 69 (2004) 094507
5) A. Jakovác, P. Petreczky, K. Petrov and A. Velytsky,
Phys. Rev. D 75 (2007) 014506
6) P. Petreczky and D. Teaney, Phys. Rev. D 73 (2006)
014508
7) T. Umeda, Phys. Rev. D 75 (2007) 094502
8) P. Petreczky, arXiv:08100258 [hep-lat]

Physics Department and RIKEN-BNL Research Center,
Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA- 84 -

1

(2009)RIKEN
RIKEN Accel.
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 4242 (2009)

Heavy-quark bound states in an anisotropic hot QCD plasma†
A. Dumitru,∗1[Quarkonium, QCD, Plasma, Viscosity]∗11) Á. Mócsy, arXiv:0811.0337 [hep-ph].
2) eq. (6-40) in M. Asakawa, S. A. Bass and B. Müller,
Prog. Theor. Phys. 116, 725 (2007).
3) F. Karsch, M. T. Mehr and H. Satz, Z. Phys. C 37, 617(1988); A. Dumitru, Y. Guo, A. Mocsy and M. Strickland, arXiv:0901.1998 [hep-ph].
4) A. Dumitru, Y. Guo and M. Strickland, Phys. Lett. B
662, 37 (2008).

0.8

(1)

Here, σ = 0.223 GeV2 is the string tension and mD (T )is the Debye screening mass. Eq. (1) interpolates fromthe Cornell potential at short distance to an exponentially Debye-screened string attraction at large r.
For an anisotropic plasma the Debye mass mD (T )is replaced by an angular dependent screening scaleµ(θ; ξ, T ) which can be obtained from the “hard thermal loop” resummed gluon propagator appropriate foran anisotropic plasma4) . The potential now depends
not only on the distance between the Q and the Q but
also on the angle θ between their separation and the
direction of anisotropy.
The binding energies follow from the threedimensional Schrödinger equation, see Fig. 1. They
decrease with temperature T but increase with theanisotropy ξ. This is due to the fact that in an
anisotropic plasma the screening scale µ(θ) at a given
temperature is smaller than the corresponding Debye
mass mD (T ), so screening is weaker.
Fig. 2 shows the binding energies of the 1P statesof bottomonium. The anisotropy leads to a preferred†

References

Υ ξ=1

0.6

Υ ξ=0
J/ψ ξ=1

0.4

J/ψ ξ=00.2
01.2 1.62

2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6

T/Tc

Fig. 1. Binding energies of the 1S states of charmonium and bottomonium for two values of the plasma
anisotropy parameter ξ. The straight line corresponds
to a binding energy equal to the temperature.

0.5|Ebind| [GeV]α
V (r, T ) = − (1 + mD r) e−mD r +
r
�
σ �
2
1 − e−mD r − σre−mD r .
mDpolarization of the χb , with about 50 MeV splitting
between states with angular momentum Lz = 0 and
Lz = ±1, respectively. The experimental conﬁrmationof such a polarization at RHIC or LHC may provide
ﬁrst evidence for a non-zero viscosity of QCD near Tc .

|Ebind| [GeV]In Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) with smallt’ Hooft coupling at short distances non-relativistic
quarkonium states exist. At high temperatures, thedeconﬁned phase of QCD exhibits screening of static
color-electric ﬁelds which may lead to dissociation ofquarkonium states. Inspired by the success at zerotemperature, potential models have also been applied
to understand quarkonium properties at ﬁnite temperature1) .
Here, we assess the properties of quarkonium statesin a QCD plasma which exhibits an anisotropy of the
p2z
fiso (p)(1 ±particle momenta, f (�p) = fiso (p) − ξ 2pT
fiso (p)). This arises due to a locally anisotropic hydrodynamic expansion of a plasma with non-vanishing
shear viscosity2) : ξ = (10/T τ ) η/s, where ξ is theanisotropy parameter, T is the temperature, τ isproper time (and 1/τ is the Hubble expansion rate),and η/s is the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density.
We model the inter-quark potential in the deconﬁned
phase as follows3) :0.4

χb (L =0) ξ=1zχb (L =±1) ξ=1zχb ξ=0

0.3
0.2
0.1

1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8

Condensed from the article arXiv:0901.1998, preprint
RBRC-774 (submitted to Phys. Rev. D)
Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College, New Yorkand RIKEN-BNL Research Center (RIKEN fellow)

T/Tc

Fig. 2. 1P state of bottomonium.

- 85 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)2009)

Improved non-perturbative renormalization in lattice QCD†
Y. Aoki∗1 [RBC and UKQCD collaborations]= 107.3(4.4)stat (4.9)syst (9.7)ren MeV.
mMS
s

(1)

The largest error is the third, which arises from therenormalization, where there are two dominant contributions: (i) aforementioned contamination of un∗1

RIKEN-BNL Research Center- 86 -

0

-0.02
ΛA-ΛV

Recent algorithmic developments and increasing
power of supercomputers have made it possible to calculate basic physical quantities involving strong interaction from the ﬁrst principles using lattice QCD withthe light quark (u, d, s) degree of freedom consistently
taken into account. It often is the case that the calculated quantity needs renormalization to remove theultraviolet divergence and/or to match to a theory withhigher energy scale such as the Weinberg-Salam theory of electroweak interaction. Renormalization canbe done by perturbation theory in principle. However,the lattice perturbation theory poorly converges, thus
should be avoided. Instead, a non-perturbative renormalization (NPR) on the lattice should be used.
The most practical non-perturbative renormalization program is provided by RI/MOM scheme1) , where
the renormalization condition is imposed in a regularization independent way to the amputated oﬀ-shell forward Green function of external quark states with theoperator insertion. The external momentum sets therenormalization scale µ2 = p2 . This scheme has successfully applied to many lattice calculations, including
the recent domain wall fermion simulations2) .
Although by using the RI/MOM-scheme NPR thesystematic uncertainty from the use of lattice perturbation theory is eliminated, there still is a problem,
which has only been revealed by the use of state-ofthe-art chiral fermion (domain wall fermion) calculations. It is an unwanted contamination of the nonperturbative eﬀect, and becomes another source of thesystematic error. The mechanism of how this contamination occurs is associated with the momentum conﬁguration. Possible small momentum ﬂow in the internalloop, for the particular momentum conﬁguration conventionally employed, triggers the contamination. We
have come up with a solution of this problem by changing the kinematics of the external momentum to theones that do not involve exceptional momenta (whichhave zero partial sum), thus, reduces the small momentum ﬂow.
The quark mass renormalization Zm , calculated
through bilinear operator renormalization of scalar or
pseudoscalar, is one of the worst cases that suﬀer fromthe contamination. In the calculation using domain
wall fermions the reported strange quark mass renormalized in MS scheme at µ = 2 GeV read3) ,MOM
SMOM (linear)
SMOM (quadratic)

-0.04

-0.06

-0.08
0

0.5

1
(pa)

2

1.5

2

2.5

Fig. 1. Diﬀerence of axialvector and vector vertex function
for the MOM and SMOM schemes. Chiral extrapolations with linear and quadratic in quark mass are shownfor the SMOM scheme.

wanted non-perturbative eﬀect. We estimate the corresponding uncertainty to be about 7%. (ii) The matching from the RI/MOM to the MS scheme. The perturbative series in continuum theory for this matchingis known to 3-loops but converges very poorly. The
uncertainty is estimated to be about 6%.
We have constructed a new scheme called RI/SMOM
scheme4)5) which makes use of non-exceptional momenta, thus is expected to reduce the systematic error from the contamination (i). We have performed anumerical test5) and the result is promising. Figure
1 shows the diﬀerence of the vector and axial vector
vertex amplitude as a function of the squared renormalization scale. The original MOM scheme shows
diﬀerence due to spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, sizable at low energy region. The same quantity
in the new SMOM scheme is very small: the nonperturbative contamination got reduced as expected.
After all the systematic error of Zm from the contamination is get reduced to the level less than 3%. It also
appears from the perturbative calculation4) that theerror (ii) shrinks a lot from the original scheme due toalmost a factor 10 smaller one-loop correction. Thus,
the new scheme is preferable by the two good reasons.
The concept of the new MOM scheme with nonexceptional momenta is quite general. It can be applied to other composite operators such as four quark
operators for K 0 − K 0 mixing and K → ππ decays.
References
1) G. Martinelli et al., Nucl. Phys. B445 (1995) 81.
2) Y. Aoki et al., Phys. Rev. D78 (2008) 054510.
3) RBC/UKQCD, C. Allton et al., Phys. Rev. D78 (2008)
114509.
4) C. Sturm et al. [RBC/UKQCD], (2009), arXiv:0901.2599.
5) Y. Aoki [RBC/UKQCD], (2009), arXiv:0901.2595.

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)(2+1)-ﬂavor DWF QCD and chiral perturbation†
C. Allton∗1 D.J. Antonio∗2 Y. Aoki∗3 T. Blum∗3∗4 P.A. Boyle∗2 N.H. Christ∗5 S.D. Cohen∗6 M.A. Clark∗7
C. Dawson∗8 M.A. Donnellan∗9 J.M. Flynn∗9 A. Hart∗2 T. Izubuchi∗3∗10∗11 A. Jüttner∗12 C. Jung∗10
A.D. Kennedy∗2 R.D. Kenway∗2 M. Li∗5 S. Li∗5 M.F. Lin∗13 R.D. Mawhinney∗5 C.M. Maynard∗2
S. Ohta∗14∗15∗3 B.J. Pendleton∗2 C.T. Sachrajda∗9 S. Sasaki∗3∗16 E.E. Scholz∗10 A. Soni∗10 R.J. Tweedie∗2
J. Wennekers∗2 T. Yamazaki∗17 and J.M. Zanotti∗2 for RBC and UKQCD Collaborations[Quantum Chromodynamics, Hadron Physics]
Using QCDOC computers at RIKEN BNL ResearchCenter, University of Edinburgh and Brookhaven National Laboratory, we performed a series of latticequantum chromodynamics (QCD) calculations withtwo degenerate up and down quarks and one heavier strange quark fully dynamically represented by thedomain-wall fermions (DWF) scheme1) . The strange
quark mass used turned out to be about 12 % heavier
than the physical. The degenerate up and down mass
were set to about 3/4, 1/2, 1/3 and 1/5 of the strange
mass. The lattice cut oﬀ turned out to be about 1.7
GeV, and correspondingly the lattice spatial volume isabout (2.7fm)3 . These consist the most realistic set oflattice QCD numerical calculations ever performed.
The realistic strange mass and suﬃciently light up
and down mass aided by suﬃciently large spatial volume allow detailed theoretical study of the role of ﬂavor and chiral symmetries in hadron physics. We foundthe conventional SU(3) next-to-leading order (NLO)
chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) that treats as if all
three light quark ﬂavors, strange, down, and up, havesmall mass compared to the chiral scale, fails. In otherwords we found the physical strange mass too heavy to
be considered degenerate with the light up and down.
This is an important discovery that calls into question many conventional analyses of hadronic phenomena that assumed the degeneracy of three light ﬂavors.
In contrast the SU(2) ChPT, that treat only the twolightest ﬂavors of down and up degenerate, works.
In addition this work so far has resulted in three
Phys. Rev. Letters publications: 1) a very accurate
estimation of the kaon bag parameter2) , BK , of the in†Condensed from Phys. Rev. D 78, 114509 (2008)
University of Swansea, UK∗2 University of Edinburgh, UK∗3 RIKEN BNL Research Center, USA∗4 University of Connecticut, USA∗5 Columbia University, USA∗6 Thomas Jeﬀerson National Accelerator Facility, USA∗7 Boston University, USA∗8 University of Virginia, USA∗9 University of Southampton, UK∗10 Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA∗11 Kanazawa University∗12 Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany∗13 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA∗14 Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK∗15 SOKENDAI Graduate University of Advanced Studies∗16 University of Tokyo∗17 University of Tsukuba∗1

fPS [MeV]
160

140
fπ
120
f
mll = 331 MeV
mll = 419 MeV
SU(2) fit
SU(3) fitm2PS [MeV2]

100
f0
80

0 1402

2502

3302

4202

Fig. 1. SU(3) next-to-leading order (NLO) chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) fails, while SU(2) works: read ref.1)
for details, especially its Fig. 18. Physical strange quark
mass is too heavy for NLO ChPT to work.

direct CP-violating mixing of neutral kaon, 2) anothervery accurate estimation of the Kl3 form factor3) , and
3) an unexpectedly large ﬁnite-size eﬀect on nucleon
isovector axial charge4,5) , gA . The ﬁrst two results impact accurate quantitative determination of the CKM
quark mixing matrix and thus the human endeavor
in search of physics beyond the standard model. The
third points out a diﬃculty that still stands in our way
toward full understanding of hadronic physics. We areworking on a series of lattice QCD ensembles at higher
cutoﬀ of about 2.4 GeV to improve on our understanding of this rich physics.
We thank RIKEN, Brookhaven National Laboratory and US DOE, University of Edinburgh and UK
PPARC for providing the facilities essential for thecompletion of this work.
References
1) C. Allton et al., Phys. Rev. D 78, 114509 (2008).
2) D. Antonio et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 032001 (2008).
3) P. Boyle et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 141601 (2008).
4) T. Yamazaki et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 171602 (2008).
5) S. Ohta and T. Yamazaki, PoS LAT2008, 168 (2008).

- 87 -

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Nucleon form factors in (2+1)-ﬂavor dynamical DWF QCD†
Y. Aoki,∗1 T. Blum,∗2∗1 H.-W. Lin,∗3 S. Ohta,∗4∗5∗1 S. Sasaki,∗6 R.J. Tweedie,∗7 T. Yamazaki,∗8 and J.M.
Zanotti∗7 for RBC and UKQCD Collaborations[Quantum Chromodynamics, Hadron Physics, Nucleon Structure]
The isovector form factors of nucleon are associatedwith the vector, Vµ+ = uγµ d, and axialvector, A+µ =uγµ γ5 d, currents with up- and down-quark spinors u
and d. Four form factors arise in matrix elements ofthese currents between proton and neutron states: thevector-current matrix element p|Vµ+ (x)|n gives rise to
the vector, FV , and induced tensor, FT , form factors,ūp γµ FV (q 2 ) + σµλ qλ FT (q 2 ) un eiq·x .

FV is equivalent to F1 and FT to F2 /(2MN ) in
the isovector electromagnetic form factors.
The(x)|n,gives
axialvector-current matrix element, p|A+µ
rise to the axialvector, FA , and induced pseudoscalar,
FP , form factors,ūp γµ γ5 FA (q 2 ) + iqµ γ5 FP (q 2 ) un eiq·x .

Here q denotes four-momentum transfer between the
proton and neutron states. While the vector charge,
gV = FV (0), is not aﬀected by the strong interaction because the vector current is conserved, the axial
charge, gA = FA (0), is aﬀected: the ratio gA /gV deviates from unity, 1.2695(29)1) . Calculation of this ratio
and the other form factors requires adequate treatise of
ﬂavor and chiral symmetries of quarks. Conventionallattice fermion schemes, however, have diﬃculty withthem. In contrast the domain-wall fermions (DWF)
method that we, RIKEN-BNL-Columbia (RBC) collaboration, pioneered works very well2) . The RBC
and UKQCD collaborations jointly generated state-ofthe-art lattice QCD ensembles with “(2+1) ﬂavors” ofquarks. The strange mass is ﬁxed at a realistic value
about 12% heavier than the physical and degenerate
up- and down-quark mass varies down to about 1/5of this strange mass3) . Using these we reported unexpectedly large ﬁnite-size eﬀect on the gA /gV ratio4) .
In the present work we study the momentumtransfer dependence of all the four isovector form factors5) . We found these form factors allow conventional
dipole ﬁtting and so extracting quantities such as
anomalous magnetic moment or mean-squared charge
radii. The signals and the dipole ﬁts to them for conserved vector-current, FV and FT , are of very good
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7
∗8

6

F2(0)

5
4

experiment3
Nf=2+1 DWF (2.7fm)
Nf=2 DWF (1.9fm)
Nf=0 DWF (3.6fm)
Nf=2 Wilson (1.9fm)
Nf=0 Wilson (3.0fm)

2
1
0

0

0.1

0.2
0.3
2
2
mπ[GeV ]0.4

Fig. 1. Calculated isovector part of the nucleon anomalous
magnetic moment compares well with the experiment.

quality: the extracted value of the anomalous magnetic moment, F2 (0), as is shown in Figure 1, compares
well with the experiment. The Dirac and Pauli meansquared charge radii, however, signiﬁcantly underestimate the corresponding experimental values. This canbe explained by still too heavy up and down quark
mass. Correspondingly we do not observe any logarithmic divergence toward the chiral limit that some models motivated by chiral perturbation predicts. The axialvector form factors, FA and FP , are of lesser statistical quality but provide us evidence that they suﬀer thesame ﬁnite-size eﬀect we observed in the axial charge,gA 4) . Nevertheless we obtained good description of the
Goldberger-Treiman relation. The extracted values
for pion-nucleon coupling, gπN N , and muon-capture
coupling, gP , also compare favorably with the experiments.
We thank the members of the RBC and UKQCD
Collaborations. We also thank RIKEN, Brookhaven
National Laboratory and the US DOE, Edinburgh University and the UK PPARC for providing the facilities
essential for the completion of this work.
References
1) C. Amsler et al., Physics Letters B667, 1 (2008).
2) T. Blum et al., Phys. Rev. D 69, 074502 (2004); Y. Aoki
et al., Phys. Rev. D 72, 114505 (2005); and references
therein.
3) C. Allton et al., Phys. Rev. D 78, 114509 (2008).
4) T. Yamazaki et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 171602 (2008).
5) S. Ohta and T. Yamazaki, PoS LAT2008, 168 (2008).

RIKEN BNL Research Center, BNL, USA
Physics Department, University of Connecticut, USA
Thomas Jeﬀerson National Accelerator Facility, USA
Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
SOKENDAI Graduate University of Advanced Studies
Physics Department, University of Tokyo
School of Physics, University of Edinburgh, UK
Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba- 88 -

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Eta meson from two ﬂavor dynamical domain wall fermions†T. Izubuchi∗1∗2∗3 and K. Hashimoto∗2∗4 for RBC and UKQCD Collaborations[Quantum Chromodynamics, Hadron Physics]
We explore the spectrum of the ﬂavor singlet pseudoscalar meson, η � , in two-ﬂavor (Nf = 2) lattice
Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD). The continuumlike relation between the topology of the QCD vacuum
and the U (1)A anomaly, which prevents the η � mesonfrom being a Nambu-Goldstone boson, is expected tohold in the domain wall fermions (DWF) used as alattice quark ﬁeld in this calculation.
We employ the ensemble of Nf = 2 QCD vacuum1)
generated with DWF quark actions. The lattice size is
163 × 32, the lattice scale is a−1 ≈ 1.5 GeV (a ≈ 0.13fm), and the residual chiral breaking mres = 0.00137(4)which is about an order of magnitude smaller thanthe up/down quark masses used in the simulations,mf = 0.02 − 0.04, which correspond to mπ /mρ ≈ 0.510.64. The number of vacuum samples are about 5001,000.
To reduce the large statistical uncertainties of the η �meson propagator, we introduce a smeared quark operator, qS , which is a superposition of the local quark
operator qL at neighboring space-time in a gaugecovariant manner. The shape of qS in terms of qL
is Gaussian with its width being set to enhance theoverlap to the quark wavefunction in the ground state
hadrons.
The η � propagator, projected to the zero spacial momentum, consists of the connected, Cγ5 (t), and thedisconnected quark loop, Dγ5 , contributions:�d3 x�η � (�x, t)η �† (�0, 0)� = Cγ5 (t) − Nf Dγ5 (t) .
Here the Hermitian operator of the η � meson, is constructed by the quark operators, qI,f and q̄J,f as,�NfηI� (�x, t) = √1x, t)iγ5 qI,f (�x, t), where f =f =1 q̄I,f (�Nf

1, ..., Nf is the ﬂavor index, and I denotes whether we
use the local quark ﬁeld (L) or the smeared ﬁeld (S),which controls the ground-state overlap. Both of thecorrelation functions, Cγ5 (t) and Dγ5 (t), are calculatedusing the complex random Z 2 source.
The η � mass is extracted by ﬁtting the propagatorin following two ways, and the results are comparedwith each other to estimate systematic uncertainties:(A) Standard method: the propagator is ﬁt to a single
†

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗

Condensed from Prog. Theor. Phys. 119, 599 (2008)2)
Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA
RIKEN-BNL Research Center,USA
ITP, Kanazawa University
Radiation Laboratory, Nishina center, RIKEN
We thank RIKEN, Brookhaven National Laboratory and US
DOE, University of Edinburgh and UK PPARC for providing the facilities essential for the completion of this work.

- 89 -

mf
0.02

mη�
t0
tmin
tmax method
0.477(40)25(A)
0.473(50) 2 t0 + 1
6(B)
0.03 0.571(60)35(A)
0.600(44) 2 t0 + 1
6(B)
0.04 0.497(17)25(A)
0.492(15) 2 t0 + 1
5(B)
Table 1. amη� for each simulation points.

exponential dumping function in time distance fromthe source, C cosh[mη� (t − NT /2)], by assuming only
the ground state propagates. (B) Variational method:
the mass of the ﬁrst excited state mη∗ is also taken into
account. Both the local (I, J = L) and the smeared(I, J = S) interpolation ﬁelds are used to construct
2×2 correlation functions XIJ ≡ �OI OJ � (I, J = S, L).
Eigenvalues of the normalized correlation matrix arecosh[(m(t−NT /2)]
then ﬁt as a function of t: λ(t; t0 ) = cosh[m(t0 −NT /2)]
to obtain the masses of the states. t0 is ﬁxed to thepoint for the normalization.
The numerical values of mη� and time ranges used intheir ﬁts are given in Table 1 for both method (A) and(B). We did not use a propagator from longer distance,
where the statistics are too poor and the standard error
analysis would not be reliable, although the inclusionof a few more data points does not change the ﬁtted
results for most of the masses. Method (B) produces
ﬂatter plateaux than that in method (A).
Then the masses are extrapolated using either ofmη� = B0 + B1 (mf + mres ) (linear type),m2η� = C0 + C1 (mf + mres )(AWTI type),

(1)
(2)

to estimate the mass of η at the physical quark masspoint. Our main estimation for the mass of η � at thephysical quark mass point is obtained from the variational method (B) and chiral extrapolation using thelowest order of ChPT (2):�mphys
= 819(127) MeV ,η�(3)which is close to the experimental value. One of themost obvious direction to remove various sources of thesystematic errors in this ﬁrst calculation using chiralquarks is to include the dynamical strange quark eﬀect
3).
References
1) Y. Aoki et al., Phys. Rev. D 72, 114505 (2005)[arXiv:hep-lat/0411006].
2) K. Hashimoto and T. Izubuchi, Prog. Theor. Phys. 119,599 (2008) [arXiv:0803.0186 [hep-lat]].
3) C. Allton et al., Phys. Rev. D 78, 114509 (2008).

1

5.

Particle Physics

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

O(αs a) matching in static heavy and DW light quark system†
Tomomi Ishikawa∗1 for RBC and UKQCD Collaborations
In the lattice QCD simulation, the Heavy Quark Effective Theory (HQET)1) is widely used for treatmentof the b quark. However, it has the following diﬃculties (and solutions).
i The static propagator is too noisy. — This is basically because the static self-energy contains 1/a
power divergence. ALPHA collaboration introduced
a static action with link smearing which improves
the signal to noise ratio.2)
ii Non-perturbative matching with the continuum isneeded. — If we include O(1/mb ) correction in the
HQET formulation, the continuum limit cannot bereached by perturbative matching factor because of
power divergence.3)
As a ﬁrst step in this project, the static approximation (lowest order of the HQET) is a valuable and important approach to the complete HQET. In the static
limit, the perturbative matching procedure is justiﬁed.
In this report we mainly focus on the O(a) improvement of operators, and then treat the matching factor between continuum HQET (CHQET) and lattice
HQET (LHQET).
We use the Iwasaki gluonic action and the domainwall (DW) fermion with light quark mass mq for thelight quark (q) sector. In calculation of the matching
factor, it is assumed that the extension of the 5th dimension is inﬁnity, which means the light quarks haveexact chiral symmetry. For the heavy quark (h) sector, we use the static approximation with link smearing. The choices of the smearing are APE, HYP1 andHYP2.
Here we consider the static heavy-light quark bilinear and ∆B = 2 four-quark operator. The onshell O(a) improved LHQET operators matched with
CHQET have following form:
Quark bilinear operator
�
�
(0)
(1)
OΓ = Z (1 + bGmq a) OΓ + cGaOΓ ,

(1)

(0)
(1)
� with Γ =with OΓ = h̄Γq and OΓ = h̄Γ�γ · Dq
{1, γµ , γ5 , γµ γ5 , σµν }. Z is the overall matching factor; c and b are the O(pa) and O(mq a) improvement
coeﬃcient, respectively; and they are all independenton Γ. G is deﬁned by γ0 Γγ0 = GΓ.

Four-quark operator (∆B = 2)
�
�
(0)
(1)
(m)
OL = ZL OL + ZL aON D + ZL mq aON , (2)
with
†
∗1

Condensed from the article in PoS (LATTICE 2008) 277.
RIKEN BNL Research Center- 91 -(0)

OL = 2[h̄(+) γµL q][h̄(−) γµL q],
� i )q][h̄(−) γµL q]
ON D = 2[h̄(+) γµR (γi D
+4[h̄

(+)

(3)

(4)
(−)
�
PR (γi Di )q][h̄ PL q] + {(+) ←→ (−)},

ON = 2[h̄(+) γµR q][h̄(−) γµL q]
+4[h̄

(+)

PR q][h̄(−)(5)

PL q] + {(+) ←→ (−)},

where h(+) (h(−) ) is the particle (anti-particle) of thestatic quark, γµL = γµ PL and γµR = γµ PR . ZL is an
(1)

(m)

overall matching factor, and ZL and ZL are theO(pa) and O(mq a) improvement coeﬃcient, respectively.
The matching factor and the O(a) improvement coeﬃcients are calculated using one-loop perturbation
theory. The calculation is performed by comparing thetransition amplitude for the CHEQT and the LHQET.
In order to extract the on-shell O(a) improvement coeﬃcients, the amplitude is expanded in the external
quark momenta around zero momentum and the lightquark mass mq around zero mass. The UV divergencesin the continuum calculation are regulated by dimensional regularization and we use the MS scheme for the
renormalization. The IR divergences are regulated byintroducing the gluon mass λ.
Now we roughly estimate these O(αs a) eﬀects forphysical quantities using the actual simulation datafrom the 2+1 ﬂavor dynamical DW QCD projectby RBC and UKQCD Collaborations (β = 2.13,
L3 × T × L5 = 163 × 32 × 16, M5 = 1.80, mud a ={0.01, 0.02, 0.03}, ms a = 0.0359) which appeared inRef. 4). For this estimate the MF-improvement istaken into account. The coupling constant has theconservative range αs ∼ 0.15 − 0.35. The conclusion is that the O(αs a) eﬀect of the B meson decay
constant fB is 3 − 8%(APE) and 5 − 12%(HYP2);
the eﬀect of B 0 − B̄ 0 mixing matrix element MB is
9 − 24%(APE) and 15 − 36%(HYP2); and the eﬀectof the SU(3) breaking ratio ξ is less than 2%. Then,the O(a) improvement gives a non-negligible eﬀect at
one-loop perturbation. While perturbative matching
has large ambiguities and its own limitations, we deduce that this conclusions is not largely changed evenin non-perturbative matching.
References
1) E. Eichten and B. R. Hill: Phys. Lett. B 234, 511(1990).
2) M. Della Morte, A. Shindler and R. Sommer: JHEP
0508, 051 (2005) [arXiv:hep-lat/0506008].
3) J. Heitger and R. Sommer [ALPHA Collaboration]:
JHEP 0402, 022 (2004) [arXiv:hep-lat/0310035].
4) C. Albertus et al. [RBC and UKQCD Collaborations]:
PoS LAT2007, 376 (2007).

1

(2009)RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.
4242
(2009)
RIKEN
Accel.
Prog.
Rep.

Thermal Noise in AdS/CFT
Derek Teaney∗1,∗2
The AdS/CFT Correspondence is a useful tool
to study the physics of strong coupling. In theﬁeld of heavy ion phenomenology, interest in the
AdS/CFT correspondence began when Policastro, Son
and Starinets1) and Kovtun, Son and Starinets2) determined the shear viscosity (η) to entropy (s) ratio of
the N = 4 SYM plasma
1
η
=
.
s
4π

(1)

This ratio is of order the ratio extracted from the RHIC
results. The link between the correspondence and theexperiments is tantalizing but circumstantial. Many
more phenomenologically interesting observables may
be computed within this framework and will clarify
whether the predictions of N = 4 are qualitatively
correct.
Recently, former Stony Brook student Jorge
Casalderrey and I determined the diﬀusion coeﬃcientof a heavy quark using the AdS/CFT correspondence5)
D= √

2
.
λπT

(2)

This transport property may be relevant to the interpretation of the heavy ﬂavor data at RHIC.
It is interesting that a diﬀusion coeﬃcient can bepredicted from the classical AdS/CFT correspondence.
How can a stable linearized classical theory be the dualof a stochastic Brownian particle?
Indeed one of the most troubling aspects of the
AdS/CFT correspondence is the apparent absenceof the thermal noise. This seems at odds with
the ﬂuctuation-dissipation theorem and leads to someseemingly incorrect results from the correspondence.
For instance, it predicts the absence of long-time hydrodynamic tails zero drag on mesons and the lack ofBrownian motion of a quark string in AdS5 . In manycases, the eﬀect of thermal noise is suppressed either
by large N or large λ, and therefore these inconsistencies with ﬁeld theory intuition were rationalized as an
artifact of these restrictive limits. In Ref.3) we overcame these diﬃculties by working through the simplest
possible system which should exhibit drag and noise in
AdS/CFT. This system is the Brownian motion of aheavy quark placed in the N = 4 SYM plasma.
In particular we worked out a bulk picture of ﬂuctuations experienced by a heavy quark string in AdS5 .
A thermalized quark string in AdS5 experiences drag∗1
∗2

Department of Physics & Astronomy, Stony Brook University.
D. Teaney was supported as a RIKEN-RBRC research fellow, by an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship, and a OJI award fromthe U.S. Department of Energy DE-FG02-08ER41540.

and noise. The physical picture that emerges whenobserving the quark is the following: In the long time
limit, the motion can be regarded as stochastic. Thenat each time step t1 , t2 , t3 . . ., the quark string ﬂuctuates to a new conﬁguration which is perceived as arandom force on the boundary. The average string isperceived as a drag and corresponds to the “trailingstring” solution of Ref.6,7) .
Now work is in progress to compute the statisticalﬂuctuations and diﬀusion of charmonium and othermesonic states in D-brane constructions. Althoughtransport of these states is generally suppressed by
1/Nc , the diﬀusion coeﬃcient of a heavy meson wascomputed this year by appealing to the boundary ﬂuctuation dissipation theorem4) . Given the bulk pictureof ﬂuctuations developed in Ref.3) a new understanding of this calculation is the following: The gravitational ﬁelds and dilatonic ﬁelds are continually ﬂuctuating. Since these ﬂuctuating gravitational and dilatonic ﬁelds shift the spectrum of the D7 brane excitations, gradients in these ﬁelds give rise to a net force on
a mesonic normal modes of the D7 brane. This force
jostles the heavy meson causing it to diﬀuse.
The work also suggest new direction for the study offast quarks with AdS/CFT. For instance, it should bepossible to compute the ﬂuctuations of the average energy within a cone of a jet. Currently, the experimentalists are studying three particle correlations whichprobe this sort of physics. Many additional observables can be proposed and ultimately measured. Thereis much work to establish a good set ﬂuctuation measures and to calculate these measures with kinetic theory and the AdS/CFT. Ultimately this analysis should
establish the relevance or irrelevance of the AdS/CFT
correspondence to the heavy ion reaction.
References
1) G. Policastro, D. T. Son and A. O. Starinets, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 87, 081601 (2001) [arXiv:hep-th/0104066].
2) P. Kovtun, D. T. Son and A. O. Starinets, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 94, 111601 (2005) [arXiv:hep-th/0405231].
3) D. T. Son and D. Teaney, “Thermal Noise and Stochastic Strings in AdS/CFT,” arXiv:0901.2338 [hep-th].
Submitted to JHEP.
4) K. Dusling, J. Erdmenger, M. Kaminski, F. Rust,
D. Teaney and C. Young, “Quarkonium transport inthermal AdS/CFT,” JHEP 0810, 098 (2008) .
5) J. Casalderrey-Solana and D. Teaney, “Heavy quark
diﬀusion in strongly coupled N = 4 Yang Mills,” Phys.
Rev. D 74, 085012 (2006) .
6) C. P. Herzog, A. Karch, P. Kovtun, C. Kozcaz and
L. G. Yaﬀe, JHEP 0607, 013 (2006).
7) S. S. Gubser, Phys. Rev. D 74, 126005 (2006).

- 92 -

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Extended MQCD and SUSY/non-SUSY duality†
K. Ohta∗1 and T. -S. Tai∗2[Geometric engineering, Calabi-Yau geometry, N=1 gauge theory]
Recently, Aganagic et al. proposed a SUSY/nonSUSY duality1) in Type IIB string compactiﬁcation.
In contrast to previous works where anti-branes are
introduced by hand, the breakthrough was to turn ona holomorphic varying background NS-ﬂux H0 throughthe non-compact Calabi-Yau (CY) three-fold. Thissoon suggests a way to realize various kinds of SUSY or
non-SUSY vacua via adjusting parameters the NS-ﬂux
contains.
Let us brieﬂy review their ideas. Because of the ﬂux
H0 = dB0 , four-dimensional gauge theory, realized bywrapping D5-branes on vanishing two-cycles of a CY,
acquires diﬀerent gauge
couplings at each P 1 locus:4πiθ= P 1 B0 (v), B0 = BRR + gis BN S ,α = 2π + g2
YM
where v parameterizes a CY bearing, say, the A1 -typesingularity as X : uz + w2 − W  (v)2 = 0. Note that
n+1
W (v) = k=1 ak v k , providing a non-trivial A1 ﬁbration over v, corresponds to the tree-level superpotential
breaking N = 2 down to N = 1.
The proposed SUSY/non-SUSY duality is achievedby tuning coeﬃcients of the v-dependent background
B-ﬁeld, which has the following expression B0 (v) =n−1kk=0 tk v . For generic tk , SUSY is spontaneously
broken at UV. This is accounted for by the fact thatat
P 1 ’s may develop relativelyn diﬀerent orientations
critical points W  (v) = i=1 (v − vi ) = 0 for BN S ∼Kähler moduli of P 1 . On the other hand, some speciﬁc choice of tk can still make four supercharges preserved, i.e. all orientations of P 1 ’s are kept aligned.
Trough geometric transition to dual CY manifolds,
SUSY breaking eﬀects can as well be captured qualitatively by studying strongly-coupled IR physics. Minimizing the eﬀective superpotential there, one can further determine tk from ak a) .
Like the brane realization of meta-stable SUSY
breaking vacua, our purpose in this paper is to translate things considered above into Type IIA/M-theory
language. It is well-known that via a T-duality acting
on X one instead obtains two NS5-branes in ﬂat spacetime with D4-branes
From the tree 2 in between them.
level F-termd θ FU V (Φ)Wα W α + W (Φ), one canchoose a vacuum Φ = diag(v1 , · · · , v2 , · · · , · · · , vn , · · ·)such
n that the gauge group U (N ) is broken to
i=1 U (Ni ). Then, it is seen that D4-branes, coming from IIB fractional D3-branes, remain at vi ’s. The
size and orientation of P 1 ’s are translated, respec-tively, to the length along the T-dual direction (baregauge coupling) and sign of RR charge of i-th stackof D4-branes. Based on this Type IIA tree-level descriptionb) , BN S (v) < 0 which naively means negative
gauge couplings can be understood as two crossing
NS5-branes that result in anti-branes. How spontaneously SUSY breaking vacua occur can therefore bevisualized clearly in the presence of both D4- and D4branes as a consequence of the extended prepotential.

†

b)

∗1
∗2
a)

JHEP 0809 (2008) 033
Nishina Ctr., RIKEN
Tohoku University
This fact can be interpreted from M-theory perspective.

- 93 -

References
1) M. Aganagic, C. Beem,
arXiv:0804.2489 [hep-th]

J. Seo and C. Vafa:

As usual, we notice that tree-level ﬁeld theory results matchwith classical brane pictures at the lowest order in s under
gs → 0, i.e. brane bending and string interaction are nottaken into account.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Kerr/CFT correspondence and ﬁve-dimensional BMPV black holes†
H. Isono,∗1 T. -S. Tai∗2 and W. -Y. Wen∗1[AdS/CFT correspondence, 5D rotating Black holes]
Considerable progress in deriving black hole entropy
statistically has been made by resorting to state counting approaches. Among them, while Cardy’s formulain conformal ﬁeld theory (CFT) plays an indispensablerole, this can be better understood in the context of
AdS/CFT correspondence via string compactiﬁcation
and wrapped branes1) . For example, a 2D N = (0, 4)
CFT living on an M5-brane wrapping spatially S 1 ×P4(P4 ⊂ CY3 ) was shown to be dual to a 5D black holeformed by M-lifting a Type IIA D0-D4 system which
2). The enhas an attractor geometry near the horizon

tropy in terms of Cardy’s formula 2π cL L0 /6 agrees
with Bekenstein-Hawking area law. Here cL denotes
the central charge and L0 is the eigenvalue of the leftmoving Virasoro zero mode.
On the other hand, an alternative pioneered muchearlier by Brown and Henneaux3) is to take into
account the asymptotic symmetry preserved at theboundary.
They dealt with a 3D BTZ blackhole, which asymptotically approaches AdS3 withSL(2, R)L ⊗ SL(2, R)R isometry. There, two copies
of Virasoro algebra emerge as a result of inﬁnitely
many Fourier modes of the boundary diﬀeomorphismξ µ (x)∂µ . The central term arising from commutatorsof Virasoro generators was thereby used to reproduce
the entropy SBT Z = 2π cL L0 /6 + 2π cR L̃0 /6. Notethat no dynamical detail about this dual non-chiral
CFT was given though.
In much the same spirit of Brown-Henneaux, chiral auxiliary 2D CFTs dual to 4D extremal Kerr black
holes have recently been proposed by Strominger etal.6) . On the near-horizon geometry a crucial boundary condition is imposed such that the asymptotic symmetry group (ASG) includes ultimately two kinds ofgenerators, K t and Knφ .
Quite remarkably, by further introducing FrolovThorne temperature TF T 7) , Cardy’s formula S =π2
3 cTF T reproduces the macroscopic entropy perfectly.
This aspect seems rather puzzling because it departs
from our usual understanding instructed by BTZ black
holes. There, neither their stringy derivation nor
Brown-Henneaux method involves the underlying temperature TF T .
In this article, we apply the above procedure to awell-known ﬁve-dimensional extremal supersymmetriccharged spinning black hole constructed by Brecken†∗1∗2ridge, Myers, Peet and Vafa (BMPV)9) . Unlike KerrNewman black holes, this solution still exhibits unbroken supersymmetry even extremality is satisﬁed. As
BTZ black holes mentioned above, the microscopic origin of BMPV entropy ﬁrst roots in its D-brane realization. Nevertheless, the degeneracy counting that wewill derive below will rely thoroughly on Virasoro algebra from ASG and Frolov-Thorne temperature. We
remark that BMPV solutions have ﬁnite horizons andare asymptotically ﬂat. Therefore, they are distinguished from another kind of 5D black holes formed
by a M-theory lift of D0-D2-D6 systems.
References
1) A. Strominger and C. Vafa, Phys. Lett. B 379 99(1996).
2) J. M. Maldacena, A. Strominger and E. Witten: JHEP
9712, 002 (1997) .
3) J. D. Brown and M. Henneaux: Commun. Math. Phys.
104 207 (1986).
4) G. Barnich and F. Brandt: Nucl. Phys. B 633 3 (2002).
5) G. Barnich and G. Compere: J. Math. Phys. 49 042901(2008).
6) M. Guica, T. Hartman, W. Song and A. Strominger:
arXiv:0809.4266 [hep-th].
7) V. P. Frolov and K. S. Thorne: Phys. Rev. D 39 (1989)
2125.
8) A. Strominger: JHEP 9802 009 (1998).
9) J. C. Breckenridge, R. C. Myers, A. W. Peet andC. Vafa: Phys. Lett. B 391 (1997) 93.

arXiv:0812.4440v2 [hep-th]
Department of Physics and Center for Theoretical Sciences,
National Taiwan University
Nishina Ctr., RIKEN- 94 -

1

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Toward a Proof of Montonen-Olive Duality via Multiple M2-branes†
K. Hashimoto,∗1 T. -S. Tai∗1 and S. Terashima∗2
4D super Yang-Mills theory, 3D super-conformal Chern-Simons theory, Montonen-Olive
duality

Among recent developments on eﬀective actions ofmultiple M2-branes, one of the surprising outputs isthe non-abelian duality. In 3 dimensions, it has been
known for more than a decade that the action of asingle M2-brane can be dualized classically to that ofa D2-brane: an abelian duality between scalar ﬁeld
theory and 3d electromagnetism. Based on BuggerLambert-Gustavsson model2)3) of multiple M2-brane,
Mukhi and Papageorgakis have obtained a quite intriguing non-abelian duality4) , a relation between ﬁeld
theories on multiple M2-branes and D2-branes. In thispaper, we generalize their result and ﬁnd a novel mechanism to prove the renowned Montonen-Olive (MO)duality conjectured1) for 4d N = 4 U (N ) super YangMills (SYM) theory.
The method of Mukhi et al. is as follows. First,
one of the eight transverse ﬁelds is given a vacuum
expectation value (vev) v, which turns out to provide mass terms for a non-dynamical part of gauge
ﬁelds in Chern-Simons (CS) terms. Integrating massive modes out, one gets rightly a YM kinetic term of
D2-branes. As pioneered by Aharony, Bergman, Jafferis and Maldacena (ABJM)5) , following the renormalization group, certain N = 3 3d CSYM theories
ﬂow to N = 6 superconformal ﬁeld theories (SCFTs)
at IR ﬁxed point, which precisely describe M2-branes
probing C4 /Zk (k > 2) where k is the CS level.
Equipped with these, the need for a vev then gets clariﬁed geometrically, i.e. the M-theory circle is createdin the above limit and D2-branes appear thereof. It
is highly non-trivial that this mechanism requires CS
terms which in turn give an orbifold moduli space.
Let us extend the step further to 4-dimensional theories. Let us summarize how N = 4 SYM, 3d SCFT and
MO duality are related to each other. As is well known,
the axio-dilaton τ of Type IIB supergravity coincides
with the gauge coupling of N = 4 SYM, realized on
N coincident D3-branes at low energy. MO duality isthen regarded as S-duality of Type IIB string theory.
In terms of M-theory, τ is interpreted as the complex
structure of a two-torus formed by (x9 , x11 ) such that
the S-duality gets readily identiﬁed with the SL(2, Z)
modular transformation. Also, via duality chains, M2branes transverse to the above two-torus with shrinking size and ﬁxed τ guarantee that D3-branes they are
dual to are non-compact.
To get a torus, it is insuﬃcient to just dwell in the
†

∗1
∗2

present ABJM model. We make useof a generalized
2nversion where the gauge group is i=1 U (N )i . As
shown in6) , it is possible to prepare a IIB brane setup
which ﬂows to the theory we want at IR ﬁxed point.
Viewed from M-theory, this describes N M2-branes
probing an abelian orbifold C4 /Γ where Γ = Zn ×Zkn .
We turn on vevs (v, ṽ) of two scalars and make atorus using a crucial scaling limit which carries out
the shrinking size with ﬁxed τ . Our ﬁeld theory result shows that a 4d SCFT (SYM theory) emerges
from a 3d SCFT (generalized ABJM model) as desired. Methods for uplifting dimensions are basicallyTaylor’s T-duality7) and deconstruction of extra dimensions8) . With the SYM obtained, we go further
to analyze MO duality. It is found that there are inﬁnitely many equivalent SYMs derived from the samegeneralized ABJM action. But eventually they diﬀer
merely up to SL(2, Z) redeﬁnition of τ . This completes
our proof of MO duality.
References
1) C. Montonen and D. I. Olive: Phys. Lett. B 72, 117(1977).
2) J. Bagger and N. Lambert: Phys. Rev. D 77, 065008(2008).
3) A. Gustavsson: arXiv:0709.1260 [hep-th].
4) S. Mukhi and C. Papageorgakis: JHEP 0805, 085(2008).
5) O. Aharony, O. Bergman, D. L. Jaﬀeris and J. Maldacena: JHEP 0810, 091 (2008).
6) Y. Imamura and K. Kimura: JHEP 0810, 040 (2008).
7) W. Taylor: Phys. Lett. B 394, 283 (1997).
8) N. Arkani-Hamed, A. G. Cohen and H. Georgi: Phys.
Rev. Lett. 86, 4757 (2001).

JHEP 0904 (2009) 025
Nishina Ctr., RIKEN
Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University- 95 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

D-brane States and Annulus Amplitudes in OSp Invariant Closed
String Field Theory†
Y. Baba, N. Ishibashi,∗1 and K. Murakami[String ﬁeld theory, D-branes, BRST symmetry]D-branes have been studied for many years and used
to reveal nonperturbative aspects of string theory. As
Sen argued,1) D-branes can be realized as soliton solutions to the equation of motion in open string ﬁeld
theory. Now some of his conjectures have been proved
analytically2) in Witten’s open string ﬁeld theory.
In previous works,3) we studied how D-branes canbe realized in closed string ﬁeld theory. A fairly clear
answer to this question is given for noncritical strings.
Fukuma and Yahikozawa4) showed that D-branes canbe realized as solitonic operators which commute with
the Virasoro and the W constraints for noncriticalstring theories. Hanada et al.5) showed how such solitonic operators can be realized in the string ﬁeld theory for noncritical strings presented in Ref. 6). We
showed3) that a similar construction is possible in thecase of critical strings, using the OSp invariant string
ﬁeld theory. We constructed states with an arbitrary
number of coincident D-branes in this theory. Imposing the condition that the states should be BRST invariant, we can determine the form of the states. In
particular, the tension of the D-branes is ﬁxed to be
the correct value. We can calculate disk amplitudes using these states, and the results indeed coincide withthose of ﬁrst quantized string theory. A key to theproof of the BRST invariance of the above-mentioned
D-brane states is the idempotency relation satisﬁed by
the boundary state.7)
The purpose of this work is to extend our construction into the case where the parallel D-branes are located at diﬀerent points from each other in space-time.
Using such states with the D-branes, we would like toevaluate scattering amplitudes involving strings whose
worldsheet have boundaries attached to D-branes contained in these states. In this report, we compute annulus amplitudes with closed string external lines, inthe situation where the annulus is suspended between
two parallel D-branes. We show that they coincidewith the usual annulus amplitudes including the normalizations. This fact yields further evidence for ourconstruction.
The BRST invariant state corresponding to one ﬂat
Dp-brane sitting at X i = Y i (i = p + 1, . . . , 25) takes
the form3)
�|D(Y )�� = λ dζ ŌD (ζ, Y )|0�� ,
(1)
†

∗1

Condensed from the article in JHEP 0807 (2008) 046
Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba- 96 -�� � 0dα ζα �e �B |ψ̄(α)� + Bζ 2 ,ŌD (ζ, Y ) = exp A
−∞ 4π
�
19+p
p+1
1
2 2 �2 (− ln �) 2
πA=
(8π 2 )11−p , B =
,
p−24
2 256
π 2 g
where |B � (Y )� = e−�H |B(Y )� is a regularization (withan inﬁnitesimal regularization parameter �) of theboundary state |B(Y )� for the Dp-brane located at
X i = Y i , H is the tree-level hamiltonian, g is the string
coupling constant, and |ψ̄� is the creation operator ofa string. We ﬁnd that the state corresponding to Nisuch Dp-branes located at X i = Y(I)(I = 1, . . . , N ) is
given simply as�N ���|DN ; Y(I) �� = λNdζI ŌD (ζI , Y(I) ) |0�� , (2)
I=1

if (Y(I) − Y(J) ) �= 0 for I �= J. In contrast to the3)case of coincident
� D-branes, we just have to consider
the product of dζ ŌD ’s. The idempotency relation7)
is again a key to the proof of the BRST invariance of
this state.
Following the prescription given in Ref. 8) to evaluate the S-matrix elements in the OSp invariant string
ﬁeld theory, we compute the annulus amplitudes mentioned above, by using the D-brane state (2). We ﬁndthat the results in the ﬁrst quantized string theory are
reproduced with the correct normalization. The annulus amplitude is expressed as an integral over themoduli space of string worldsheet for the process. We
notice that in this integral, the moduli space is covered
completely and only once with the correct measure.
This veriﬁes the validity of our construction.
2

References
1) A. Sen: Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 14, 4061 (1999); JHEP
9912, 027 (1999).
2) M. Schnabl: Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 10, 433 (2006).
3) Y. Baba, N. Ishibashi and K. Murakami: JHEP 0605,
029 (2006); JHEP 0710, 008 (2007).
4) M. Fukuma and S. Yahikozawa: Phys. Lett. B 396, 97(1997); ibid. B 393, 316 (1997).
5) M. Hanada et. al.: Prog. Theor. Phys. 112, 131 (2004).
6) N. Ishibashi and H. Kawai: Phys. Lett. B 314, 190(1993). A. Jevicki and J.P. Rodrigues: Nucl. Phys. B
421, 278 (1994).
7) I. Kishimoto, Y. Matsuo and E. Watanabe: Phys. Rev.
D 68, 126006 (2003); Prog. Theor. Phys. 111, 433(2004).
8) Y. Baba, N. Ishibashi and K. Murakami: JHEP 0705,
020 (2007).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Gauge invariant overlaps for classical solutionsin open string ﬁeld theory†
T. Kawano,∗1 I. Kishimoto and T. Takahashi∗2[Nonperturbative techniques, string ﬁeld theory, D branes, conformal ﬁeld theory]
After the advent of Schnabl’s analytic solution1) fortachyon condensation in Witten’s cubic bosonic open
string ﬁeld theory, there have been a number of new
developments in this ﬁeld. A prominent feature is thepotential height at the solution, which is equal to thetension of D25-brane as is consistent with Sen’s conjecture. Here, we calculate other gauge invariant observables,2–4) which will be called gauge invariant overlaps,
for Schnabl’s solution with an analytic method andwith level truncation approximation. We also compute
these for the numerical solution5,6) initially obtainedby Sen and Zwiebach in the level truncation approximation to compare with those for Schnabl’s solution.
The results are consistent with the expectation thatthese solutions may be gauge equivalent.
Gauge invariant overlap OV (Ψ) for an open string
ﬁeld Ψ is deﬁned by
OV (Ψ) ≡ �V (i)fI [Ψ]�,fI (z) =2z,
1 − z2δΨ = QB Λ + Ψ ∗ Λ − Λ ∗ Ψ

(2)

λ∂r
ψr |r=0λe∂r − 1(3)with a gauge parameter string ﬁeld Λ. Note that (1)vanishes for pure gauge solutions.
Schnabl’s analytic solution1) can be expressed aswith one parameter λ, where ψr is a particular string
ﬁeld based on the wedge state |r + 2�. We have computed OV (ψr ) analytically and found that it is independent of r. Therefore, we concludea)
� CV(λ = 1)2πi.
(4)OV (Ψλ ) =0 (λ �= 1)(CV is determined by the normalization of V (i) in (1).)
That is, the gauge invariant overlap for Ψλ becomes
nontrivial only in the case λ = 1. Our result is consistent with the previous evaluation of the potential
height and suggests that Ψλ=1 represents a nonperturbative vacuum and Ψλ�=1 gives pure gauge solutions.
†

∗1
∗2
a)

L
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14

(1)

where the CFT correlator is deﬁned on the upper halfplane and the operator V (i) inserted at the midpointof the string ﬁeld corresponds to an on-shell closed
string state. OV (Ψ) is left invariant under the gaugetransformation of the open string ﬁeld theory:Ψλ =We have also numerically computed Oη (Ψλ ) for|λ| ≤ 1 with the conventional L0 -level truncation approximation. Here V (i) in (1) corresponds to the dilaton state with zero momentum, which gives CV = i in(4). For the interval −1 ≤ λ < 1, Oη (Ψλ,L ) approaches
zero as the level L is increased. For λ = 1, Oη (Ψλ=1,L )approaches 1/(2π) � 0.159155 as in Table 1. This isconsistent with our analytic result in (4).

Condensed from the article in Nucl. Phys. B 803, 135 (2008)
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Nara Women’s University
This result was also given by Ellwood.7)- 97 -Oη (Ψλ=1,L )0.138366
0.149284
0.156857
0.157395
0.158795
0.158765
0.1592200.159159
Table 1.

We also computed the gauge invariant overlap forthe numerical solution ΨN in the Siegel gauge, which
is obtained by (L, 2L) and (L, 3L) truncation. The
result is given in Table 2. The best approximation((10, 30) truncation) gives 97% of 1/(2π). Therefore,Oη (ΨN ) � Oη (Ψλ=1 ). In addition to the matchingof potential height, this gives further evidence for thegauge equivalence of ΨN with Ψλ=1 , which implies thatthese two solutions give the same nonperturbative vacuum in the bosonic open string ﬁeld theory.
L
0
2
4
6
8
10

Oη (ΨN,(L,2L) ) Oη (ΨN,(L,3L) )0.114044
0.114044
0.139790
0.141626
0.147931
0.148325
0.151225
0.151369
0.152887
0.152976
0.154029
0.154080
Table 2.

References
1) M. Schnabl: Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 10, 433 (2006).
2) B. Zwiebach: Mod. Phys. Lett. A 7, 1079 (1992).
3) A. Hashimoto and N. Itzhaki: JHEP 0201, 028 (2002).
4) D. Gaiotto, L. Rastelli, A. Sen and B. Zwiebach: Adv.
Theor. Math. Phys. 6, 403 (2003).
5) A. Sen and B. Zwiebach: JHEP 0003, 002 (2000).
6) D. Gaiotto and L. Rastelli: JHEP 0308, 048 (2003).
7) I. Ellwood: JHEP 0808, 063 (2008).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Schnabl’s solution and boundary states in open string ﬁeld theory †T. Kawano,∗1 I. Kishimoto and T. Takahashi∗2[Nonperturbative techniques, string ﬁeld theory, D branes, conformal ﬁeld theory]
We discuss the fact that Schnabl’s solution1) is anoﬀ-shell extension of the boundary state describing a
D-brane in the closed string sector. This gives thephysical meaning of the gauge invariant overlaps forthe solution in our previous paper2) and supports Ellwood’s recent proposal3) in the operator formalism.
The Schnabl solution for tachyon condensation Ψλ=1
can be rewritten asΨλ=1 = ψ0 +

∞
�

n=0

(ψn+1 − ψn − ∂r ψr |r=n )≡ ψ0 + χ.

(1)

Since it has been shownthat OV (ψr ) does not depend on r, it is evident that
2,3)

OV (Ψλ=1 ) = OV (ψ0 ).

(2)This suggests that only the ﬁrst term ψ0 contributes
to the gauge invariant overlaps OV (Ψλ=1 ).
Recently, Ellwood has made the interesting proposalthat the gauge invariant overlaps are related to theclosed string tadpoles as follows3)
OV (Ψ) = AΨ (V ) − A0 (V ),(3)where AΨ (V ) is the disk amplitude for a closed string
vertex operator V with the boundary condition of the
CFT given by the open string ﬁeld solution Ψ, and
A0 (V ) is the usual disk amplitude in the perturbative vacuum. In fact, he has shown this to be thecase for some analytic solutions. Since there are no
D-branes after tachyon condensation, no closed tadpoles are available, and thus AΨ (V ) = 0. Therefore,
the gauge invariant overlap for the tachyon vacuum
solution gives the usual disk amplitude of the opposite sign with one closed string emitted. This suggests
that, as expected, the analytic solution given by Schnabl is closely related to the boundary state describinga D-brane in the closed string perturbation theory.
Here, we will explicitly demonstrate this in the operator formalism of string ﬁeld theory by using theShapiro-Thorn vertex �γ̂(1c , 2)|, which maps an open
string state to the corresponding closed string state.
By using the open-closed string vertex �γ̂(1c , 2)|, as discussed in detail in our previous paper2) we can rewrite
a gauge invariant overlap as
OV (ψ) = �γ̂(1c , 2)|φc �1c |ψ�2 ,(4)

where |φc �1c is an on-shell state corresponding to the
†

∗1
∗2

Condensed from the article in Phys. Lett. B 669, 357 (2008)
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Nara Women’s University- 98 -

vertex operator V of the closed string 1c , and |ψ�2 isa state of the open string 2. For the analytic solutionΨλ=1 (1), we have
OV (Ψλ=1 ) = �γ̂(1c , 2)|φc �1c |Ψλ=1 �2= �γ̂(1c , 2)|φc �1c |ψ0 �2 + �γ̂(1c , 2)|φc �1c |χ�2

(5)

and, as mentioned above (2), the second term on theright hand side is zero for the on-shell closed stringstate |φc �1c . For the ﬁrst term on the right hand side,�γ̂(1c , 2)|φc �1c |ψ0 �2 , we can see that the open string
tachyon state |ψ0 � = (2/π)c1 |0� is transformed via thevertex �γ̂(1c , 2)| into the boundary state �B|. In fact,
we can obtain the relation1�γ̂(1c , 2)|ψ0 �2 P1c =
�B|c−
(6)
0
2π
with the level matching projection P1c for the closed
string 1c , where the boundary state is the usual one:
�∞ 1−
[ αn ·ᾱn +cn b̄n +c̄n bn ]n=1 n
�B| = �0|c−1 c̄−1 c+e(7)0in the closed string perturbation theory. We thus ﬁnd
that
1
�B|c−
OV (Ψλ=1 ) =(8)
0 |φc �,2π
which is in precise agreement with Ellwood’s result.
Since the second term on the right hand side of (5)does not necessarily vanish for oﬀ-shell closed stringstates, we may conclude that the transform of theanalytic solution Ψλ=1 via the Shapiro-Thorn vertex is an oﬀ-shell extension of the boundary state|B�. Although it seems more complicated to calculate �γ̂(1c , 2)|φc �1c |χ�2 , it would be interesting to ﬁnd
the relation of the oﬀ-shell boundary state with theequation of motion in closed string ﬁeld theory5–8) oropen-closed string ﬁeld theory9) . We believe that ourobservation above may serve as an encouraging step inthis investigation.
References

1) M. Schnabl: Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 10, 433 (2006).
2) T. Kawano, I. Kishimoto and T. Takahashi: Nucl. Phys.
B 803, 135 (2008).
3) I. Ellwood: JHEP 0808, 063 (2008).
4) J. A. Shapiro and C. B. Thorn: Phys. Lett. B 194, 43(1987).
5) M. Saadi and B. Zwiebach: Annals Phys. 192, 213(1989).
6) T. Kugo, H. Kunitomo and K. Suehiro: Phys. Lett. B
226, 48 (1989).
7) T. Kugo and K. Suehiro: Nucl. Phys. B 337, 434 (1990).
8) B. Zwiebach: Nucl. Phys. B 390, 33 (1993).
9) B. Zwiebach: Annals Phys. 267, 193 (1998).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Comments on gauge invariant overlaps for marginal solutionsin open string ﬁeld theory †I. Kishimoto[Nonperturbative techniques, string ﬁeld theory, D branes, conformal ﬁeld theory]
We calculate the gauge invariant overlapa) for themarginal solution with nonsingular current given by
Schnabl2) and Kiermaier-Okawa-Rastelli-Zwiebach3)(S/KORZ). The obtained formula is the same asthat for the Fuchs-Kroyter-Potting/Kiermaier-Okawa(FKP/KO) marginal solution,4,5) which has alreadybeen computed by Ellwood.7) Our result is consistent
with the expectation that these two types of solutions
may be gauge equivalent. We also comment on a gauge
invariant overlap for rolling tachyon solutions in cubicbosonic open string ﬁeld theory.
The gauge invariant overlap OV (Ψ) is written as
OV (Ψ) = �I|V (i)|Ψ�,(1)

where �I| is the identity state and V (i) corresponds toan on-shell closed string state. Next, we can prove thefollowing relations:
�I|V (i)Kn = 0,
Kn ≡ Ln − (−1)n L−n ,n�I|V (i)(bn − (−1) b−n ) = 0,
�I|V (i)(cn + (−1)n c−n ) = 0.

(2)
(3)
(4)

Noting the above we can rewrite the S/KORZ marginal
S/KORZassolution Ψλm���
1 −L0 −λm 2π dθJw (eiθ )S/KORZ0e− 1 c1 |0�
=− 2
Ψλm
π
+O(K1 , L0 − L†0 , B0 − B0† , cn + (−1)n c−n ).

(5)Here, Jw is a matter primary operator with dimension
one on the unit disk |w| ≤ 1, which has nonsingular
OPE, and λm is a parameter which corresponds to amarginal deformation of the boundary CFT. The second term O(K1 , L0 − L†0 , B0 − B0† , cn + (−1)n c−n ) denotes some linear combination of terms comprising K1 ,L0 − L†0 , B0 − B0† and cn + (−1)n c−n , where at least
one of them is multiplied on the conformal vacuum|0�. B0 is the b-ghost zero mode on the sliver frameand L0 = {QB , B0 }. Using this decomposition (5)b)
and relations (2), (3) and (4), we can easily evaluate
the gauge invariant overlap (1):†a)b)

Condensed from the article in Prog. Theor. Phys. 120, 875(2008)
See, our previous paper1) for technical details.
Similar decompositions are possible for the FKP/KO
FKP/KO
marginal solution Ψλ ,Land Schnabl’s solution formtachyon condensation6) ΨS
λ . They give another approach tocomputing the gauge invariant overlap (1) for the solutions
evaluated in earlier papers.1,7,8)- 99 -S/KORZOV (Ψλm)�1
cw c̄w Vww̄,m (0, 0)
=−
2πi
�
��
� 2π
−λm
dθJw (eiθ )w
0× c (1) e
−1

(6)
.
disk

The result is the same as the formula7) for the
FKP/KO
FKP/KO marginal solution Ψλm ,L ,S/KORZOV (Ψλm

FKP/KO) = OV (Ψλm ,L

),

(7)

for the same λm J. This is consistent with the expectaS/KORZ
FKP/KOand Ψλm ,L
are gauge equivalent.
tion that Ψλm
Let us consider the gauge invariant overlap OVζ (Ψ)¯ ν (ζµν V ν = V µ ζµν = 0) forwith Vm = ζµν ∂X µ ∂X
Hellerman-Schnabl’s solution9) ΨHS
λm , which is given by
S/KORZ

with the light-like rolling tachyon operator
ΨλmβX +, (β ≡ 1/(α� V + )), on the linear dilaton backJ =eground Φ(x) = Vµ xµ , (V + > 0, 26 = D+6α� Vµ V µ , µ =0, 1, · · · , D − 1). Applying our formula (6) for ΨHS
λm andusing the formula of the CFT correlator,9,10) we canevaluate OVζ (ΨHSλm ) explicitly. On the other hand, forthe tachyon vacuum solution ΨSλ=1 , we have�α�ζµν η µν dD xe−V·x(8)OVζ (ΨSλ=1 ) = −4πi

on this background. Then, we obtain the relation
lim

λm →+∞S
OVζ (ΨHSλm ) = OVζ (Ψλ=1 ).

(9)This is consistent with the late time limit of the lightlike rolling tachyon solution:9)lim

x+ →+∞

ΨHS
λm =

lim

λm →+∞S
ΨHS
λm = Ψλ=1 .

(10)References
1) T. Kawano, I. Kishimoto and T. Takahashi: Nucl. Phys.
B 803, 135 (2008).
2) M. Schnabl: Phys. Lett. B 654, 194 (2007).
3) M. Kiermaier, Y. Okawa, L. Rastelli and B. Zwiebach:
JHEP 0801, 028 (2008).
4) E. Fuchs, M. Kroyter and R. Potting: JHEP 0709, 101(2007).
5) M. Kiermaier and Y. Okawa: arXiv:0707.4472 [hep-th].
6) M. Schnabl: Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 10, 433 (2006).
7) I. Ellwood: JHEP 0808, 063 (2008).
8) T. Kawano, I. Kishimoto and T. Takahashi: Phys. Lett.
B 669, 357 (2008).
9) S. Hellerman and M. Schnabl: arXiv:0803.1184 [hep-th].
10) F. Larsen, A. Naqvi and S. Terashima: JHEP 0302,
039 (2003).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Electroweak symmetry breaking in SO(5) × U (1) gauge-Higgs
uniﬁcation with top and bottom quarks†
Y. Hosotani,∗1 K. Oda,∗1 T. Ohnuma,∗1 and Y. Sakamura[Extra dimension, gauge symmetry breaking]The origin of electroweak symmetry breaking is stilla mystery of elementary particle physics. In the standard model, it is broken by the vacuum expectation
value of the Higgs ﬁeld. However the Higgs boson has
not been discovered yet, and searching to it is one of
the main purposes of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)experiment at CERN. Another aim of LHC is to discover evidence of new physics beyond the standard
model. It is well known that the standard model hassome theoretical problems, such as the gauge hierarchy
problem. TeV-scale supersymmetry is one promising
candidate for new physics that solves the gauge hierarchy problem. The supersymmetric models generically
predict a relatively light Higgs boson. In the minimal supersymmetric standard model, for example, theHiggs mass is bounded below around 130 GeV, which is
close to the experimental lower bound of 114 GeV. Under these circumstances, it is important to investigate
candidates for new physics other than supersymmetry.
One important class of such candidates is extra dimensions. They are based on the idea that there
are extra spatial dimensions other than the fourdimensional world we observe. Although these extra
dimensions were originally introduced to explain the
weakness of gravity compared to the other forces, they
can also play an important role in solving other problems of the standard model. For instance, they cannaturally realize the large hierarchy among the fermion
masses, and can break gauge symmetries or supersymmetry by the boundary conditions along the extra dimensions. They also serve as a candidate for dark matter. For these reasons, models with extra dimensions
have been studied extensively during the past decade.
Gauge-Higgs uniﬁcation is an attractive idea for theorigin of electroweak symmetry breaking in the context of extra dimensions. The basic idea is to identify
the extra-dimensional components of the gauge ﬁeld
as the four-dimensional Higgs ﬁelds that break electroweak symmetry. This class of models has a theoretical advantage for the gauge hierarchy problem.
The Higgs mass is protected against radiative correction by the higher dimensional gauge symmetry, andthus is insensitive to the ultra-violet cut-oﬀ scale of themodels. Furthermore, these models provide interesting
predictions for some masses and coupling constants inthe four-dimensional eﬀective theory because various
quantities are related to each other due to the higher†∗1dimensional gauge symmetry.
In spite of these virtues, the gauge-Higgs uniﬁcation scenario on a ﬂat geometry has some phenomenological problems. It predicts a Higgs particle whichis too light, typically one order of magnitude lighter
than the W boson, and the W W Z coupling may deviate signiﬁcantly from that in the standard model.
One way out of these problems is to consider this scenario in the Randall-Sundrum spacetime,1) which isa solution of the ﬁve-dimensional Einstein equation3)
and is regarded as a slice of the ﬁve-dimensional antide Sitter space. Due to the warping geometry along
the ﬁfth dimension, it can explain the exponentiallylarge hierarchy between the Planck and electroweak
scales. Furthermore, the hierarchical pattern of thefermion masses can easily be realized in this spacetime by varying ﬁve-dimensional masses for fermionsin an order one range compared to the ﬁve-dimensional
Planck scale, which is the fundamental scale of themodel. In our previous work,1,2) we have studied various coupling constants in the gauge-Higgs sector andpointed out that they can be deviated from the counterparts in the standard model.
In the present work, we construct an explicit model
based on an SO(5)×U (1) gauge theory in the RandallSundrum spacetime, focusing on the matter sector.
The presence of fermions is vital to have electroweak
symmetry breaking. The fermion content triggers electroweak symmetry breaking by quantum eﬀects. Ourmodel realizes observed matter content without any exotic light particles, and thus is a realistic model. One
important prediction of this model is that the W W Hand the ZZH-couplings (H stands for the Higgs boson) vanish at the vacuum, which signiﬁcantly aﬀects
Higgs production in collider experiments. This work
leads to better understanding of the structure of gaugeHiggs uniﬁcation models consistent with current experimental results.
References
1) Y. Hosotani, S. Noda, Y. Sakamura and S. Shimasaki:
Phys. Rev. D73, 096006 (2006).
2) Y. Sakamura and Y. Hosotani: Phys. Lett. B645, 442(2007).
3) L. Randall and R. Sundrum: Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4690
(1999).

Condensed from the article in Phys. Rev. D78, 096002 (2008)
Department of Physics, Osaka University- 100 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

Vacuum energy of two-dimensional N = (2, 2) super Yang-Mills
theoryI. Kanamori[supersymmetry, spontaneous breaking, lattice simulation](energy density) g-265βg=0.707
βg=0.943
βg=1.414

4
3
2
1
0

0

0.5

1
µ2/g2

1.5

Fig. 1. Example of massless extrapolation.

-230(energy density) g

Numerical simulation on the basis of lattice formulation provides a very powerful tool for non-perturbative
study of ﬁeld theory. On the other hand, lattice formulation of supersymmetric systems is essentially difﬁcult and thus its numerical simulation was regarded
diﬃcult as well. In a recent work1), however, we
successfully realized numerical simulation of a twodimensional supersymmetric gauge theory, N = (2, 2)
super Yang-Mills theory. This report is based on oneof its applications2) . Among non-perturbative phenomena in supersymmetric systems, one of the mostimportant things is the spontaneous supersymmetry(SUSY) breaking. SUSY is not realized in the current
universe and must be spontaneously broken if it is arelevant symmetry in nature. However, it is known
that spontaneous SUSY breakings occur only nonperturbatively unless broken in a tree level. Therefore, non-perturbative analysis by simulation can be a
powerful tool for spontaneous SUSY breaking.
In this report, we measure the vacuum energy density E0 , which is an order parameter for SUSY breaking. We use the expectation value of the Hamiltonian
density H to measure E0 3,4) . There are two important
points in this procedure. The ﬁrst one is that we mustcorrectly choose the origin of H. As a result of SUSY
algebra, E0 is zero if and only if SUSY is unbroken so we
use the algebra to deﬁne H as well. The second point isthat we use the thermal boundary condition and takea zero temperature limit afterwards. The temperature
can be regarded as an external ﬁeld conjugate to H.
The simulation was performed on RIKEN Super
Combined Cluster (RSCC). We use Rational HybridMonte Carlo (RHMC) algorithm to generate the conﬁgurations5) . The complex phase of the Pfaﬃan of
the lattice Dirac operator, which is neglected in the
RHMC, is included as a reweighting factor in the measurement.
As shown in the previous work1) , we need to add ascalar mass term to the original lattice action in orderto suppress ﬂuctuations along the ﬂat direction of thepotential. We thus deﬁne the system by an extrapolation of µ2 → 0 after taking the continuum limit, whereµ is the scalar mass. In the extrapolation of µ2 → 0 weuse a linear function of µ2 , which ﬁts very well to thedata (Fig. 1). Although we use a lattice action withthe scalar mass term to generate the conﬁgurations,
we do not include the mass term to H. In taking thecontinuum limit, we use 3–6 diﬀerent lattice spacings.
Since the gauge coupling g is dimensionful, we deﬁne

a0(βg)

25
20

+a2

2

15

1

10

0

5

1

0
-5

-a1

0

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

5

βg

Fig. 2. Energy density as a function of the inverse temperature β.

the continuum limit as the bare dimensionless coupling
ag goes to 0, where a is the lattice spacing. The latticeis isotropic and the temperature is controlled throughchanging temporal lattice size.
In Fig. 2, we plot the temperature dependence of theenergy density, after extrapolating the scalar mass tozero. By ﬁtting by a power function of β, we obtain
2
E0 = 0.09+10−8 g as a value at β → ∞, where errors denote statistical ones only. The obtained value is small
compared with the typical scale of the system, and consistent with zero within the error. Although we cannot
exclude a possibility of small non-zero vacuum energy,
it seems to be consistent with no spontaneous SUSY
breaking in this system. The full details including ananalysis of the systematic errors will be presented in aforthcoming paper2) .
References
1) I. Kanamori and H. Suzuki: Nucl. Phys. B 811 (2009)
420 [arXiv:0809.2856 [hep-lat]].
2) I. Kanamori: arXiv:0902.2876 [hep-lat].
3) I. Kanamori, H. Suzuki and F. Sugino: Phys. Rev. D
77 (2008) 091502 [arXiv:0711.2099 [hep-lat]].
4) I. Kanamori, F. Sugino and H. Suzuki, Prog. Theo.
Phys. 119 (2008) 797 [arXiv:0711.2132 [hep-lat]].
5) I. Kanamori: PoS LATTICE2008 (2008) 232[arXiv:0809.0655 [hep-lat]].

- 101 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Restoration of supersymmetry on the lattice:Two-dimensional N = (2, 2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory†
I. Kanamori and H. Suzuki[supersymmetry, lattice gauge theory, Monte Carlo simulation]
It is widely believed that supersymmetry (SUSY)
is an essential ingredient in particle physics beyond
the Standard Model. Nonperturbative study of SUSY
gauge theories from ﬁrst principles is thus of great interest but it has always been elusive because the lattice formulation—only nonperturbative framework ofgauge theories available to date—is irreconcilable with
SUSY. Lattice structure explicitly breaks SUSY and
one must generally ﬁne-tune coeﬃcients of relevant andmarginal operators so that SUSY is recovered in thecontinuum limit. Such an intricate program is diﬃcult
to carry out practically within limited computational
resources.
Given this situation, recently, for two- and threedimensional extended SUSY gauge theories, lattice formulations that require no or a little ﬁne tuning havebeen proposed. See Ref. 1) for a review. In these formulations, at least one fermionic symmetry that is apart of the full SUSY is manifested. This exact symmetry, combined with other lattice symmetries, (almost)prohibits relevant and marginal operators which break
SUSY and other continuum symmetries. SUSY is then
expected to automatically restored without or with alittle ﬁne tuning.
In the present study, we succeeded in numericallyobserving the restoration of SUSY in lattice formulation of the two-dimensional N = (2, 2) SU (2) SUSY
Yang-Mills theory (SYM), proposed by Sugino.2) To
our knowledge, this is the ﬁrst demonstration of the
SUSY restoration in lattice gauge theory.
As elucidated in the original paper, for some technical reasons, we need to introduce mass for the scalarﬁelds that explicitly breaks SUSY. We also needed toadopt the thermal boundary condition that also explicitly breaks SUSY. With the present lattice setting,therefore, there are four possible sources for the SUSY
breaking. That is, i) the scalar mass, ii) the thermalboundary condition, iii) the spontaneous SUSY breaking and iv) the lattice regularization itself. Amongthese, ﬁrst three possesses physical meaning but thelast eﬀect is unphysical and should be eliminated. In
this paper, we will discuss if the last unphysical effect disappear in the continuum limit or not upon therestoration of SUSY.
Generic correlation functions are aﬀected by the four
breaking eﬀects in a mixed manner. Can we then isolate or separate the last eﬀect? For this, we shouldobserve the SUSY Ward-Takahashi identities in the
†

2.5
0.3
0.2

2

0.1
1.5

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

1

0.5

0

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

µ2/g2

Fig. 1. The left-hand side of Eq. (1) as a function of thescalar mass squared µ2 /g 2 . Symbols: + for i = 1, ×
for i = 2, � for i = 3 and � for i = 4.

form of the partial conservation of the supercurrent(“PCSC” relation):∂µ �(sµ )i (x)(f0 )i (0)�µ2
= 2,
�(f )i (x)(f0 )i (0)�g

for x �= 0.

(1)

In this expression, sµ is the supercurrent and f is acertain fermionic operator associated with the SUSY
breaking scalar mass term. f0 is an arbitrary gauge
invariant fermionic operator and we used a lowest dimensional one. µ2 /g 2 is the scalar mass squared. The
spinor index i runs over 1, 2, 3 and 4. This relation explicitly incorporates the eﬀect on the scalar mass, andholds independently of the boundary condition and thespontaneous SUSY breaking. This relation, however,does not hold if the regularization breaks SUSY andthus isolates the unphysical eﬀect.
The plot in Fig. 1, that was obtained by the extrapolation of Monte Carlo data to continuum, beautifully
shows that relation (1) certainly holds in the continuum limit. This result strongly indicates that the full
SUSY is restored in the continuum limit and the target
continuum theory (i.e., the two-dimensional N = (2, 2)
SU (2) SYM with a soft SUSY breaking mass term) is
realized as the continuum limit of the present latticemodel.
References
1) J. Giedt: PoS LAT2006, 008 (2006).
2) F. Sugino: J. High Energy Phys. 03, 067 (2004).

Condensed from the article in Nucl. Phys. B 811, 420 (2009)- 102 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)Some physics of the two-dimensional N = (2, 2) supersymmetric
Yang-Mills theory:
A lattice Monte Carlo study†
I. Kanamori and H. Suzuki[supersymmetry, lattice gauge theory, Monte Carlo simulation]
As reported elsewhere,1) we have obtained aﬃrmative numerical evidence that the two-dimensional
N = (2, 2) SU (2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
with a scalar mass term is realized as the continuum
limit of a lattice model of Ref. 2). This result suggests the completely new possibility that the physicalproperties of a supersymmetric gauge theory (with asoft supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking mass) can numerically be studied. The aim of the present study is
to illustrate this possibility.
As explored in Ref. 4), the correlation function between the U (1)V current and the U (1)A current in
the present target theory in R2 is expected to exhibit
power-like behavior. This implies that there exists a
massless bosonic state and that there is no mass gap.
As Fig. 1 shows, our Monte Carlo results reproduce
this power-like behavior fairly well for x0 g � 1. (Theblow-up at x0 g � 1 is a reﬂection of the fact that ourlattice is an approximation of a ﬁnite torus and not ofR2 .)When the SUSY breaking scalar mass is small, we
should have an approximately massless fermionic statecorresponding to the above massless bosonic state, assuming that the spontaneous SUSY breaking does notoccur. A SUSY Ward-Takahashi identity shows in

10

1

0.1

0.01

set I
II
III
IV
0.1

1
x0g

10

Fig. 1. Correlation function between U (1)V current andU (1)A current along the line x1 = 0 as a function of
the coordinate x0 . For parameters in each conﬁguration
set, see Ref. 3). Broken line is the theoretical prediction
for R2 .3)†

Condensed from Phys. Lett. B 672, 307 (2009).

0.3

set V
VI
VII
VIII

0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0

0

0.2

0.4

0.6
Rg

0.8

1

1.2

Fig. 2. Static potential energy V (R)/g between probe
charges in the fundamental representation of SU (2).
For parameters in each conﬁguration set, see Ref. 3.

which correlation function such a fermionic state appears in as an intermediate state. Our Monte Carlo
results conﬁrmed this reasoning on the basis of (approximate) SUSY fairly well.
Armoni, Frishman and Sonnenschein4) theoreticallyconjectured that a probe charge in the fundamental
representation is screened in two-dimensional gauge
theories containing a massless adjoint fermion. Ourpresent target theory fulﬁlls this criterion and thus
it is of interest to observe the static potential between probe charges in the fundamental representation. Fig. 2 shows our result, obtained by a linear ﬁt
ln{W (R, T )} = V (R)T +c(R) of the expectation valueof the Wilson loop W (T, R) of size T × R. Our result
indicates that at least for Rg � 1 the static potential
increases almost linearly. This conﬁning behavior appears distinct from the above conjecture, according towhich the static potential asymptotically approaches aconstant. We have to systematically explore, however,the static potential for Rg � 1 to determine the real
asymptotic behavior.
References
1) I. Kanamori and H. Suzuki, in this Report.
2) F. Sugino: J. High Energy Phys. 03, 067 (2004).
3) H. Fukaya, I. Kanamori, H. Suzuki, M. Hayakawa and
T. Takimi: Prog. Theor. Phys. 116, 1117 (2007).
4) A. Armoni, Y. Frishman and J. Sonnenschein: Phys.
Lett. B 449, 76 (1999).

- 103 -

1

6.

Development of Accelerator Facility

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Acceleration Tests of 238U and 48Ca in RIBF
Nobuhisa Fukunishi, Masaki Fujimaki, Akira Goto, Hiroo Hasebe, Yoshihide Higurashi, Eiji Ikezawa,
Tadashi Kageyama, Masayuki Kase, Masanori Kidera, Misaki Komiyama, Makoto Nagase, Hironori Kuboki,
Keiko Kumagai, Takeshi Maie, Takahide Nakagawa, Jun-ichi Ohnishi, Hiroki Okuno, Naruhiko Sakamoto,
Kenji Suda, Hiroshi Watanabe, Tamaki Watanabe, Kazunari Yamada, Shigeru Yokouchi and Osamu Kamigaito
Beam acceleration tests performed in the period from April
2008 to December 2008 are summarized in Table 1. The
major purpose of the tests in the stand-alone mode of the
RIKEN heavy-ion linac (RILAC)1) is to investigate thelifetime of carbon foil strippers placed below RILAC. The
tests indicate that the carbon foil lifetime is long enough for48
Ca with the maximum beam intensity extracted from the18-GHz ECR ion source2), which corresponds to 500 pnA
after extraction from the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron(SRC)3). On the other hand, the lifetime is less than 6 hours
for Kr and heavier ions with the maximum intensity of theion source. Details of the carbon foil tests are summarized
by Hasebe et al.4) in this report. The 48Ca test started on May
27th aiming to evaluate the beam intensity of the 48Ca beam.
We successfully extracted 270 pnA of 48Ca beam from theIntermediate-stage Ring Cyclotron (IRC)5) under the use ofa beam attenuator which reduces the beam intensity by afactor of 1.8. According to the result, a beam service time of48
C beam was scheduled in December 2008.
Table 1 Summary of beam acceleration tests. The periods
shown with the asterisk include beam service times, 18 daysfor 238U and 11 days for 48C, respectively.
Period4/08 – 5/02
5/17 – 5/23
5/27 – 6/09
6/26 – 7/10
7/18 – 7/28
10/25 – 11/26*
11/27 – 12/22*

Particle
238
U
86
Kr
48
Ca
238
U
136
Xe
238
U
48
Ca

Accelerator used
RILAC to IRC
RILAC only
RILAC to IRC
RILAC to IRC
RILAC only
RILAC to SRC
RILAC to SRC

installed in the cyclotrons. However, the secondary
electrons emitted by uranium-ion bombardments andleakage RF fields from flattop cavities made it difficult tomeasure turn patterns precisely. These problems weresolved just before the 48Ca test started on November 27th.
One of the other remaining problems is that the energy
spread of the uranium beams injected into the fRC exceeds
what is acceptable. It is a result of the poor uniformities ofthe stripper foils used before the fRC acceleration. We
tested various kinds of stripper foils in the tests. However,great progress was not made in this problem.
Hereafter, we will proceed to the acceleration tests using
the whole RIBF accelerator complex. The transmission
efficiencies of 238U and 48Ca beams are summarized in Table
2 compared with that of 238U in the previous year. Note thatbeam intensity monitors (Faraday cups and radial probes of
the cyclotrons) include sizable errors (~20%), which is thereason why the transmission efficiencies in some sections inTable 2 exceed 100%. The transmission efficiency of theuranium beam was greatly improved as a result of the
improvements mentioned above. The maximum intensity of
the uranium beam delivered to the users was 0.4 pnA. In
addition, single turn extractions from all the cyclotrons,
except for the SRC, were also established. On the other
hand, tuning of the SRC was not satisfactory and thetransmission efficiency was 66%. It is a consequence of the
low quality nature of the uranium beam and of poor tuningof flat-topping RF fields.
Table 2. Transmission efficiencies obtained in theacceleration tests. The RIBF accelerator complex is divided
into the sections shown in the table.

The uranium acceleration tests up to the IRC were
performed to improve the transmission efficiency. The
transmission efficiency of the whole accelerator complex of
RIBF was limited to 2%, where charge stripping
efficiencies are excluded6). We investigated reasons for thepoor transmission efficiency and made various
improvements in this year. The essential points are as
follows. First, we upgraded the vacuum system of RILAC
and its low-energy beam transport system to avoid beamlosses caused by electron capture reaction with residual
gases7). Secondly, the main differential probes of the
fixed-frequency Ring Cyclotron (fRC)8) and the SRC weremodified9). The main differential probes measure turnpatterns of the beams accelerated by our cyclotrons.
Utilizing the fact that the turn pattern is very sensitive to thebeam quality, we select appropriate voltages and phases of
RF fields generated by the main and flattop cavities

Section
IS - RILAC
RILAC - RRC
RRC
RRC - fRC
fRC
fRC - IRC
RRC - IRC
IRC
IRC - SRC
SRC
Total

48

Ca
(08/12/21)
55
95

238

U
(08/11/16)
40
87
86
101
87

106
93
88
82
37

86
104
66
16

238

U
(07/07/03)
29
86
41
88
75
67
72
63
2

The transmission efficiency of 48Ca was within theacceptable level to deliver 200-pnA beams to users. The- 105 -

reason for the relatively low transmission efficiency of SRC(82%) was that one of the accelerating cavities broke down
during the test and the acceleration voltage was limited to
be 75% of the design value.
Detailed analyses of the acceleration tests are in progressfor better performance of our accelerator complex. Using
the data obtained by beam profile monitors (wire monitor)
installed in the beam transport lines, we can determine
parameters of beam matrices (!-matrix) which are relevant
to estimating emittances of beams under the assumption thations obey Gaussian distributions with elliptical shapes.
Figure 1 is an example of the least-square fitting of beamwidths measured by the profile monitors for the 48Ca beam.

Fig. 1 Root-mean-square beam widths (cm) of the 48Ca
beam (08/12/21) observed in the beam tranport line fromthe second charge stripper to the IRC are shown comparedwith the fitting results based on !-matrix analysis.
Similar analyses were done for other cases and theemittances estimated are summarized in Table 3. Note thatthe horizontal emittances were poorly determined comparedwith the vertical ones because correlation to the longitudinalmotion under the presence of dipole magnets was notclearly separated due to lack of information. In that sense,
the present analyses contain ambiguities, but are still useful.
Table 3 Emittances estimated by !-matrix analyses. The
emittance definition here is 4! emittance. The unit is "mm*mrad. The abbreviations H and V stand for thehorizontal and vertical direction, respectively. The
horizontal emittance of 48Ca in the SRC-injection beam line
was too sensitive to errors in the measurement.
238

fRC injection
IRC injection
SRC injection

U (08/11/07)
H
V
5.0
2.6
5~6
2.1
4
1.4

48

Ca (08/12/21)
H
V

2.3
1.2 ~

2.2
1.7

For example, remarkable emittance growths in thehorizontal direction are indicated in the case of uranium
beam acceleration. The observed emittance growth of the
fRC-injected beam originates from the mixing of the large
longitudinal emittance into the horizontal one because therebuncher10) between RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC) andthe fRC is placed in a dispersive area. The uniformities ofcarbon foil strippers just after RRC acceleration are poor,
which result in a large momentum spread. Hence, we plan
to use thinner stripper foils and accelerate 69+ ions insteadof 71+ with small modifications of the fRC. Furthermore,
the matching conditions on dispersion were not precisely
fulfilled for both the fRC and the IRC, which resulted inadditional emittance growths. The emittances of the 48Ca
beam were within what is acceptable.
Another example of the analyses is on turn patterns of thecyclotrons. Figure 2 shows a result of the 238U beam
accelerated by the IRC. Close inspection of the turn patternhelps us to reduce ambiguities in determining the horizontal
emittance that is not clearly separated from the longitudinal
one within the !-matrix analyses. The horizontal emittances
listed in Table 3 were determined with the help of thepresent turn-pattern analyses.

Fig. 2 IRC turn pattern of the 238U beam (08/11/26)
compared with a numerical simulation.
As a summary, the transmission efficiency of uranium
beam acceleration was greatly improved and the 48Ca beamwith the maximum intensity of 170 pnA was successfully
extracted from the SRC. The fact that beam losses in the
beam transport lines are well suppressed enables us to carryour detailed analyses on the beam dynamic aspect of RIBF,
which revealed several problems that need to be solved. We
plan to fix these problems in the next fiscal year.
References(1) M. Odera et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods A227, 187(1984).
(2) T. Nakagawa et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 226, 392(2004).
(3) H. Okuno et al.: Proc. 17th Int. Conf. On Cyclotrons andTheir Applications, 373 (2004).
(4) H. Hasebe et al.: in this progress report.
(5) J. Ohnishi et al.: Proc. 17th Int. Conf. On Cyclotrons andTheir Applications, 197 (2004).
(6) N. Fukunishi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, ???
(2008).
(7) S. Yokouchi et al.: in this progress report.
(8) T. Mitsumoto et al.: Proc. 17th Int. Conf. On Cyclotrons
and Their Applications, 384 (2004).
(9) K. Yamada et al.: in this progress report.
(10) T. Aoki et al.: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 592, 171(2008).

- 106 -㻌
㻌 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㻚㻌 
 

         
       
  



    

                
               

      
       
          
      
  
      
        
         
     
      

        
       
      

      





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
    
             


      

         
          



         
        

                 


࣭࣭       
࣭        
       ࣭











- 108 -㻃
㻃

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

New beam line for the AVF -RRC -SRC acceleration
K. Kumagai, N. Fukunishi, T. Maie, S. Fukuzawa*, Y. Watanabe, and M. Kase
Light ions accelerated in the AVF-RRC mode can beinjected to the SRC directly because the injection radius of
the SRC, 3.56 m, is the same as the extraction radius of theRRC. On the other hand, these beams cannot be accelerated
in the IRC because the RRC needs to operate with aharmonic of five. In this AVF-RRC-SRC mode, the ionsfrom deuteron to aluminum approximately can be
accelerated to the maximum energy of 400 MeV per
nucleon. In addition, the beams from the polarized ion
source at the AVF are accelerated in the SRC.
To realize the acceleration mode, a new beam line wasconstructed to bypass the IRC. A schematic of this beamline is shown in Fig. 1. The beam line is from the DMH6
dipole to the DMG2. The DMH6 dipole was installed todiverge from the IRC injection beam line and two
quadrupoles were moved down stream from the original
positions. Part of this beam line will be used in the future to
return the beams accelerated in the IRC to the experimentrooms in the Nishina building.
The beam line uses two horizontal and two vertical
dipoles of 2.7 meters in radius, twenty quadrupoles and six
sets of steering magnets that have both horizontal andvertical functions. The parameters of these magnets arelisted in Table 1. Electric power cables for nine of thetwenty quadrupoles were extended from the position of thequarupoles on the injection and extraction beam lines of the
IRC that are not used simultaneously. As a result, the power

supplies can be shared and it is economical for both
equipment and cabling. Though the original magnetic field
rigidity of the DMM1 dipole had been small for thisoperation mode, it has been increased by replacing thepower supply for the previous investigation of the charge
stripping of the uranium beam performed.
Figure 2 shows a diagram of the designed beam envelope
between the RRC-EDC and the SRC-EIC including the newbeam line. An extracted beam from the RRC is matched tobe achromatic after the DMM1 dipole magnet. The sections
from DMH6 to DMH7 and DMH8 to DMK9 are also
designed to be achromatic. The beam transferred into the
SRC room is strongly focused at the position of thepolarimeter installed after the quadrupole triplet QTG92.
The matching condition to the SRC injection was fulfilledusing the quadrupole quartette QSG22 – QSG25.
Ten profile monitors, three faraday cups and ascintillation monitor were installed in the beam line as beamdiagnostic equipment. Most of these components weretransferred from injection and extraction beam lines of the
IRC.
The first acceleration test in the AVF-RRC-SRC mode
will be scheduled in February 2009. In this test, the newbeam line will be commissioned and nitrogen ions with 90
MeV per nucleon extracted from the RRC will be sent to
the SRC and accelerated to the energy of 250 MeV per
nucleon.


Fig.2. Beam envelope diagram. Its shows distances from RRC-EDC until SRC-EIC.New beam lines areindicated from about 71 meters to 123 meters.

- 109 -

Table 1. Design parameters of magnets used for new beam line.



Fig.1.

A schematic of beam lines from AVF-RRC to SRC.

* SHI Accelerator Service, Ltd- 110 -㻌
㻌 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㻚㻌



      
                 


        

       

        


       




 
 
 

 





 

 



 
         
              

 

 

   
         


- 111 -

                   
                 
 
     
        
      
   
          
      
       
        






- 112 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Refinement of SRC for acceleration of high intensity beam in 2008
K. Yamada, N. Fukunishi, M. Kase, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, S. Yokouchi,
and O. Kamigaito
The source of the problem in the SRC cryogenic system was found to be the contamination of the lubricant oil from screw compressors passing through thecascade of oil separators.1) The oil polluted the entire refrigerator. Consequently, the SRC was shutdown
until August 2008 to rinse out the impurity. During
the repair of the cryogenic system, various modifications were introduced to the SRC. The re-cooldown of
the SRC started in September and the superconducting coils were ready to operate in October. The acceleration of 238 U was performed immediately for thecommissioning of the Zero-Degree Spectrometer andfollowing new isotope search in November. Maximum
beam intensity of 0.4 pnA was achieved, which was ten
times higher than the one in 2007. Following that, thefirst acceleration of 48 Ca for the SRC was performedin December. The modifications and elaborate tuningof accelerators realized the world’s most intense 48 Ca
beam that reached up to 200 pnA on the Faraday cup
located at the exit of the SRC. The details of modification and status for the SRC in 2008 are presented asfollows.

for the adjustment of RF. The radial beam pattern ismeasured by a differential electrode (the SRC has differential electrodes divided by three) mounted on behind an integral electrode with 0.5 mm overhang. Only
the beam reaching the “0.5 mm” is counted at eachradius. However, a lot of secondary electrons emitted
from the MDP integral electrode had a great influence on the observation and the pattern could not be
produced.2) In order to overcome the problem, a newdifferential electrode of 0.3 mm×3 mm tungsten ribbon was attached in front of the integral electrode atintervals of 10 mm as shown in Figure 1.
Vacuum chamber

TE01 wave

Coaxial line Metallic pipe Metallic wheel

Vacuum chamber

Probe

Sliding contact

Coaxial line Metallic pipe Metallic wheel

TE01 wave

Probe

Fig. 2. Effect to disturb the propagation of TE01 microwave.

Fig. 1. Head assembly of the main differential probe
mounted on SRC.

In order to improve the transmission efficiency of theSRC, a correct adjustment of RF voltage and phaseis required, especially for flat-top acceleration cavity(FT). The goal is to observe proper information fromthe radial beam pattern by using the main differential
probe (MDP) because the information gives a criterion

Fig. 3. Cross sectional view of the pantograph system forsliding contact.

Another problem we had in the MDP was that thebeam signal was disturbed by the electromagnetic radiation from the FT resonator: the rf frequency is highenough for the electromagnetic wave to travel throughthe vacuum chamber. A schematic drawing of the- 113 -

1

MDP in the chamber is shown in Figure 2. The driving shaft of the MDP is grounded by the metallic wheelon the chamber in the original configuration. Since theelectromagnetic wave is TE01 mode, this asymmetricconfiguration allows the electric field to penetrate into
the narrow gap between the shaft and the chamber,which induces the electric charge in the head of theprobe. Therefore, we put an electric contact on theupper side of the shaft, as shown in Figure 2, in orderto suppress the electric field around the probe head.
A pantograph structure as illustrated in Figure 3 wasadopted because the chamber face was not seamless.
An adjustment for balance of the vertically locatedmovable shorts in the FT is required simultaneously
in order to reduce the leakage of microwaves. These
modifications enabled us to measure the radial beam
pattern for the entire region of the MDP with using
the FT resonator as shown in Figure 4. Note that the
low-level circuits of all RFs for the SRC were adjusted
to stabilize the voltage and phase of resonators.3) .

Fig. 4. Radial beam pattern of SRC for 48 Ca beam in December 2008.

In the most cases, the major beam loss in cyclotron
takes place on the septum of electrostatic deflector(EDC). For the acceleration of kilowatt beams, machine protection is required in order to avoid serious
thermal damage caused by the large beam loss. For theprotection during 48 Ca beam acceleration, ten Type-E
thermocouple gauges with ceramic tubes were mounted
on the EDC septum to measure the temperature andswitch off the beam if the maximum heat-up exceeded
the criterion, which was set as 5 degrees in December
2008. This EDC protection worked well for the 48 Ca
beam. The temperature clearly responded to the beamloss and the extraction efficiency could be improved via
tuning such as decreasing the temperature. Note thatthe temperature of EDC septum is also useful to us foradjusting the balance of the FT resonator because thetemperature increases depending on the amount of RF
leakage.
Additionally, several modifications were made to
make maintenance easier, described as follows. Profile monitors (PF-SV1, SV2) mounted on the vacuum
chamber of valley were converted to setback, so as
not to block the detachment of EIC and EDC. Many2

- 114 -

scaffolds were placed round in the SRC for the accessto RF resonators when the magnetic shielding doors
were closed. The mounting direction of a gate valve
for assist-pumping TMP on the resonator no.2 was retouched for easy access to the maintenance hatch.
Several problems occurred on the SRC in 2008, described as follows. The vacuum pressure was degradedwhen the high RF power was fed to the resonator. It
was found that the temperature of cryopump was rose
remarkably due to the extreme heating up of the RFshield attached in front of the pump due to RF irradiation.4) The problem was solved by mounting awater-cooling thermal baffle5) on the RF shield. Magnetic shields were covered on all cryopumps to preventthe degradation of performance from a stray field. The
shaft of MDP emitted a loud noise and was scraped byits plain bearing. The bearing will be replaced to aroller type in March while the outer vacuum-duct of
MDP will be modified to bellows for quick access tothe head assembly. The angle settings of EDC, which
determine the radius of curvature for beam extraction,
were mechanically slid around the drive shaft, and wewere not able to extract the uranium beam in a whole
day until we readjusted them. The driving screw of
EDC “α”-axis was cleaned and lubricated because it
had hardened and was not able to drive. A directional
coupler on the power feeding line of the RF resonatorno.2 was burnt due to the excitation of third-harmonicmode. The contact fingers of the coarse tuning panelin the RF resonator no.3 burned out during the 48 Caexperiment as a result of insufficient contact pressure
because the shaft of the panel was not eccentric. The
directional coupler in the wide-band driver amp of the
FT resonator had the problem of a wire breaking.
A new beam acceleration scheme of AVF-RRC-SRC
with IRC bypass beam line6) is scheduled for the springof 2009 to perform the commissioning of SHARAQ andsome experiments using 250 MeV/u 14 N or 250 MeV/upolarized deuteron beam. An acceleration study forthe 14 N beam was performed from February 5th to 9th.
Additional beam diagnosis elements will be mounted
on the SRC at the end of March because the existingelements cannot stop the deuteron beam.
References
1) T. Dantsuka et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 307(2009).
2) K. Yamada et al., Proc. 18th Int. Conf. on Cyclotrons
and their Applications, 325 (2008).
3) N. Sakamoto et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 120(2009).
4) M. Nishida et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 129(2009).
5) S. Yokouchi et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 127(2009).
6) Y. Watanabe et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 111(2009).

㩷㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷Completion of Superconducting Magnet for the 28 GHz ECR Ion Source
J. Ohnishi, T. Nakagawa, Y. Higurashi, H. Okuno, K. Kusaka, and A. Goto

The superconducting magnet for the 28 GHz ECR ion
source, under construction at a factory of the Mitsubishi
Corporation since October 2007, was completed in
December 2008. It consists of six solenoids SL1~SL6 and aset of sextupole coils as shown in Fig. 1. The maximum
axial magnetic fields are 3.8 T on the RF injection side and
2.2 T on the beam extraction side. The sextupole magnetic
field is approximately 2.2 T on the inner surface of theplasma chamber (r = 75 mm). The radius of the room
temperature bore is 86 mm. The coils use a NbTi-copper
conductor and are bath-cooled in liquid helium. The
maximum magnetic fields on the SL1 and the sextupole
coils are 7.2 T and 7.4 T, respectively. The design details of
the superconducting coils are described in Ref. 1 and 2.
The coil winding began in January 2008. The SL3 andSL4 use a conductor with a round shape of I1.09 mm and acopper/NbTi ratio of 6.5, while the other solenoids and the
sextupole use a conductor with a rectangular shape of 0.82
mm x 1.15 mm and a copper/NbTi ratio of 1.3. Each of
the six sextupole coils was dry-wound to work for turnSextupole

SL1

SL2 SL3 SL4 SL5 SL6OPERA-3d

Fig. 1. Arrangement of the superconducting solenoid andsextupole coils.
Titanium spacertransitions and was vacuum impregnated with epoxy. The
percolation of the epoxy into the inside of the windings wasinspected and found to be successful by cutting a trial
winding. On the other hand, each solenoid coil was
wet-wound with warm epoxy and cured.
The six sextupole coils need to be fixed tightly because
they are subjected to large magnetic forces from thesolenoids. Figure 2 shows a cross section of the straight partof the sextupole between the SL1 and SL2. The six
sextupole coils are assembled using titanium spacers with atriangular cross section and fixed with four layers of I0.65
mm stainless steel wires wound with very high tension of
about 580 MPa. An iron pole of 330 mm in length isinserted in the central region of each coil to increase thesextupole field. A stainless steel disk with outer diameter of
250 mm and a thickness of 30 mm is inserted between the
SL1 and the SL2 to fix the sextupole coils more tightly
because the magnetic force in the azimuth direction isstrongest there. The mechanical design here was carriedout2) by combining 3D magnetic force calculation withOpera3D3) and mechanical calculation with ANSYS.4)
The final assembly of the sextupole coils and six
solenoids is shown in Fig. 3. The ends of the sextupole coils
are fixed with a stainless steel ring to support the large
radial magnetic force acting on the current return sections.
The six solenoids were assembled with stainless steel
spacers and tightened with sixty-four long aluminum-alloybolts that support a maximum repulsive force ofapproximately 800 kN among them.
Excitation tests of the completed coils were carried out ina commonly used cryostat in June 2008. First, the solenoids
were tested one by one and all achieved the design currents
without a quench. Next, the sextupole was tested. Table 1
shows the currents when a quench occurred in the sextupole.

Stainless steel disk
(30 mm thick)(A)

Iron pole

Stainless steel wire
I
Coil

LHe vessel

Fig. 2. Cross section of the straight part of the sextupole
coils. A 30 mm thick stainless steel disk is inserted between
the SL1 and the SL2.

Fig. 3. Photograph of the coil assembly. (A) is a 30 mm
thick stainless steel disk inserted between the SL1 and theSL2.

- 115 -

Table 1. Coil currents (Amps) when the sextupole
quenched.
run #design
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13(NQ)
14
15
16
17

sextupole
272
189
255
90
65
73
114
70
77
109
220
204
230
272
258
234
238
235

SL1
162

SL2
182

136
136
136
136
136
136

183
183
183
183
183

146

127

SL5
155

SL6
132

155
132

132
92
132
112

135
136

114
116

164

Fig. 4. Photograph of the completed superconducting
magnet for the 28 GHz ECR ion source.

143

The sextupole also achieved the design current (271 A) after
two quenches (189 A, 255 A) when no solenoids were
excited. In all cases where the sextupole and one or two of
the solenoids were excited at the same time, the sextupole
quenched. The sextupole quenched at low currents ranging
from 65 A (24%) to 115 A (42%) when SL1 and SL2 were
excited at their design currents in advance (run #3-#7). The
sextupole also quenched in a similar way when the SL6 was
excited in advance (run #9, #11). The cause of thesequenches was presumed to be coil motion at the ends of the
sextupole, due to the voltage signals observed in some ofthese runs. In run #10, the SL6 was ramped after the
sextupole was excited at 220 A. In run #12 and #14-#17, thesolenoids and the sextupole were excited simultaneously,
keeping a ratio of the currents so that the direction of theforce acting on the sextupole coils did not change during theexcitation. The quench current of the sextupole increased tomore than 85% of the design value in this way. It was,however, difficult to reach the design current.
The results of these tests suggested that the support
structure at the ends of the sextupole coils is not strong
enough against the radial force toward the centre. Methodsof remedying this problem were investigated, andperformance was improved by increasing the thickness of
the inside wall of the helium vessel for room temperaturebore at both ends (see Fig. 2) and pressing the end parts ofthe sextupole coils against those points. After four months,
we successfully achieved excitation of all the solenoids andthe sextupole at the design currents after the sextupole
quenched twice at current levels of 96% and 98%.
After this second excitation test, the cryostat for the 28
GHz ECR ion source was assembled with thesuperconducting coils in a short period of time andcompleted in December 2008. A photograph of thecompleted whole magnet is shown in Fig. 4. The cryostat issurrounded by yokes with thicknesses of 50 mm and 80 mm.
Three cryocoolers (Sumitomo Heavy Industries) with two
cooling stages each are installed at the top of the cryostat toTable 2. Heat leak, capacity of the cryocoolers, andmeasured temperature at the stages of liquid helium andtwo radiation shields.
LHe vessel
Inner shield
Outer shield
Heat leak (design)
0.14W@4.2K 18W@40K
127W@70K
RDK408D2
1W@4.2K
43W@45K
RDK408S x 2
18W@12K
86W@52K
Temperature (measured)* 4.2K**
14K
47K*Cryocoolers operated at 60 Hz.
**Heater was powered at 1.2W to keep He pressure positive.

maintain approximately 330 liters of liquid helium. One(type RDK408D2) is used for re-condensing the liquid
helium and cooling the outer of two radiation shields, andthe other two (type RDK408S) are used for cooling of theinner and outer radiation shields. Nine current leads usehigh Tc superconducting material between the liquid helium
vessel and the inner shield to reduce the heat leak to theliquid helium temperature. The designed values of the heatleak and capacity of these cryocoolers are listed in Table 2.
The magnet and cryostat were cooled down and tested. It
took 1.5 days for pre-cooling with liquid nitrogen andpouring of liquid helium. The temperatures of the radiation
shields in the steady state with the cryocoolers operating arelisted in Table 2. The capacity of the cryocoolers was foundto have a sufficient margin because the temperatures werelower than expected. The superconducting coils were
excited again at the design currents after the sextupole coil
had quenched once at the 96% current level.
After the operation test, the cryostat and magnet were
warmed up and carried to RIKEN on December 19, 2008.
The ion source of this magnet will start to operate in thespring of 2009.
References
1) J. Ohnishi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 86 (2008).
2) J. Ohnishi et al.: Proc. EPAC2008 (2008), p. 433.
3) http://www.vectorfield.com/
4) http://www.ansys.com/- 116 -㩷
㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷Production of highly charged Na ion beams from the RIKEN 18 GHz ECRIS
Y. Higurashi, T. Nakagawa, M. Kidera, T. Aihara, M. Tamura, M. Kase , A. Goto㩷 and O.㩷 Kamigaito

In a series of experiments to search for super-heavy
elementin this case to verify the elemant with an atomic
number of 113), an intense beam of Na ions was strongly
needed at the end of 2008. The requirement was to produce
an intense beam (~4pPA) of 23Na ions as long as possible ,with no break, in order to minimize experiment time. To
meet this requirement, we conduced a test experiment toproduce Na ions, and supplied an Na7+ beam for theexperiment.
Toproduce the Na beam, we used NaF rod (4x4x35mm3).
The NaF rod was directly inserted into the ECR plasma of
RIKEN 18 GHz ECRIS and heated up to obtain sufficientvapour pressure. The description and performance of the
RIKEN 18 GHz ECRIS are reported in Ref.1.
Figure 1 shows the charge distribution of an Na ions. The
ion source was tuned to produce Na7+ ion beam. The RF
power was 300W. The gas pressure was 5x10-7Torrs. The
extraction voltage was set to 11.7 kV. In this experiment, weused He gas as an ionized gas. Figure 2 shows the beam
intensity of Na7+ as a function of RF power. The beam
intensity increased as RF power was raised to 48 ePA.

mg. It is estimated that the consumption rate in thisexperiment was ~0.4 mg/h. The total weight of the rod is~1.2 g. This means that, in principle, we can produce Naions for 3000 h without inserting an additional rod.

Fig. 2. Beam intensity of Na7+ ions as a function of RF
power.

Fig. 1. Charge distribution of Na ions. The ion source
was tuned for production of Na7+.
Figure 3 shows the 99% x and y-emittance of the Na7+
beam under the same conditions for production of 48 ePANa7+ beam. The x and y emittance were 265 and 262
Smm࡮mrad, respectively.
Using this method, we successfully produced an average
beam intensity of 45 ePA for 30 days for the experiment
without any break. The total consumption of NaF was ~300

- 117 -

Fig.3. x and y emittance of the Na7+ ion beam.
References
1) T. Nakagawa et al:, Nucl. Instrum. Methods.
B226(2004)392

㻃㻃 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㻑㻃Productio n of a hig hly c harged Ge beam for m the RIKEN 18 G Hz
ECRISY. Higurashi, T. Nakagawa, M. Kidera, T. Aihara, M. Tamura, M. kase, A. Goto, and O. Kamigaito
Recently, an intense 76Ge beam was strongly needed tosearch for a super-heavy element (atomic number 114) at
RIKEN after producing the element which has an atomic
number of 113.1) The requirement of this experiment was toproduce an intense beam (1~2 pµA) of 76Ge17+ ions as longas possible without break in order to minimize breaks in theexperimental time. This is because the estimated crosssection is very small (smaller than pb( 10-36 cm2)).
One popular methods for producing highly charged
heavy ions from a solid material is to use the oven in theplasma chamber of the ECR ion source2). Using this method
one can produce an intense beam of highly charged heavy
ions at a low consumption rate ( lower than 1mg/h).
However the main drawback of this technique is the limiton the material volume (~several 100 mg) which can becontained in the oven at present, when we install the oven in
the small plasma chamber. If we assume a consumption
rate of 1mg/h, the duration of the beam supply is several
100 h.

temperature.3) The advantage is that one can produce
metallic ions in the same way as ion production withgaseous elements. This means that we can produce highly
charged metallic ions for a very long period, without any
break, if we can find a proper material for the MIVOC
method.
For these reasons, we chose the MIVOC method for
production of Ge ions. For production of Ge ions, we used
trimethylgermanium ((CH3)3GeH) which has a high vapor
pressure (~several 100 torr ) at room temperature.
Description and performance of the RIKEN 18 GHz ECRion source are described in Ref. 4. Figure 1 shows a crosssectional view of the ion source and the microwave
injection side. The material was placed in a chamberconnected to the ECR plasma chamber by a gas-feedingtube via a variable leak valve. The gas flow rate wascontrolled by the variable leak valve. The inner wall of theplasma chamber was covered by a thin aluminum cylinder(1mm thickness).5)

Fig. 2. Charge state distribution of Ge ions.
Fig. 1 Schematic drawing of the RIKEN 18 GHz.
A MIVOC method for the ECR ion source enables
production of highly charged metal ions at room

Figure 2 shows the charge state distribution of the Ge
ions. The RF power was 500 W. The gas pressure was
8x10-7 Torr. The maximum magnetic field strength on the
microwave injection side, the minimum strength of the- 118 -

mirror magnetic field, and the maximum magnetic fieldstrength on the beam extraction side were 1.4, 0.49 and 1.2
T, respectively. The extraction voltage was 10 kV. Before
producing Ge ions, we cleaned the inner wall of thealuminum cylinder whith an oxygen plasma for 2 days.To
stabilizethe beam intensity we had to supply oxygen gas asa support gas. When adding the oxygen gas as a support gas,
the beam intensity was very stable. Instability of beam
intensity was within few %. As shown in Fig. 2, the charge
distribution of Ge ions is very complicated, due to theexistence of many kinds of stable isotopes (70Ge, 72Ge, 73Ge,
74
Ge and 76Ge). The isotope ratio of 70Ge, 72Ge, 73Ge, 74Ge
and 76Ge are 21, 27, 7.7, 36 and 7.6%, respectively. To
estimate the beam intensity for each charge state, we chosethe beam intensity of 73Ge, because only 73Ge was present
in the one peak in the charge distribution. Based on theseresults, the beam intensity of highly charged Ge ions isestimated as shown in Fig. 3.

In conclusion, we successfully obtained higher than
1pµA of Ge17+ with the MIVOC method. This will be used
for a super-heavy element (Z= 114) search experiment after
producing (CH3)376GeH. In this experiment, we used a slit
width of 8 mm, which is placed in front of the faraday cup.
When using (CH3)376GeH, we can use a wider slit width(~40mm) because we do not need such good mass
resolution. In this case, we may obtain higher intensity thanwith slit a width of 8mm.

Fig. 5. Beam intensity of 72Ge17+ +76Ge18+ ions as afunction of negatively bias disc voltage.

)LJ%HDPLQWHQVLW\RIKLJKO\FKDUJHG*HLRQVFigure 4 shows the beam intensity of 72Ge17+ and 76Ge18+
as a function of RF power. It is estimated that 80% of theintensity of the 72Ge17+ and 76Ge18+ ion beam is 72Ge17+. The
beam intensity increases with increasing RF power. Figure
5 shows the beam intensity as a function of bias disc
voltage.

Fig. 4. Beam intensity of 72Ge17+ +76Ge18+ ions as afunction of RF power.

- 119 -

References
1) K. Morita et al; J. Phys. Sci. Jpn. 73(2004)2593.
2) R. Geller, Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources
and ECR Plasma (IOP publishing, Bristol, 1996)382.
3) H. Koivisto et al, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
B94(1994)291.
4) T. Nakagawa, Y. Higurashi, M. Kidera, T. Aihara,
M.Kase and Y. Yano Nucl. Instrum. Methods B
226(2004)392.
5) T. Nakagawa et al, Jpn. J. of Appl. Phys.
35(1996)4077.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Improvement of rf-system for cyclotrons at RIBF
N. Sakamoto, O. Kamigaito, K. Suda, R. Koyama, A. Goto, and M. Kase,
Improvements have been made to make the rf fieldmuch more stable and make the system itself muchreliable. Deviations of the amplitude and phase of
the acceleration voltage are required to be ±1 × 10−1
and ±0.05◦ , respectively. Stability of the voltage andthe phase of acceleration field of rf cavities is one of
the most important issues for reliable operation of cyclotrons. An unstable rf field causes emittance growthof the beams during acceleration because energy gain
per turn varies according to the rf field deviations, andthe radius of the beam orbit changes, resulting in beamlosses especially at the extraction device. Stable rf
means not only constant amplitude and locked phasewith reference to the rf signal from the master oscillator but also minimum interruption to providing beams
due to rf breakdown which occurs due to sparks on thecavity surface.
The unstable of the rf field can be categorized intomodulation and drift. Modulations of voltage andphase are caused mainly by ripple in the d.c. power
supplies of amplifiers. Power supply ripples have mainfrequency components of 300 Hz and appear as an amplitude modulation and a phase modulation with a frequency of 300 Hz. Modulation of the rf signal can beobserved as a side-band spectrum by using a spectrum
analyzer. For example, an amplitude modulation of±5×10−4 and a phase modulation of ±0.1◦ correspondto spectrum levels of −72 dBc and −61 dBc, respectively. This modulation will be removed/minimized

Fig. 1. Measured voltage(upper) and phase(lower) of cavities for SRC at the frequency of 27.4 MHz.

by tuning a feed-back loop (i.e., choosing a gain anda time constant) while observing strength of the sideband spectrum. After careful tuning of the feedback
loop the sideband of 300 Hz ripple was reduced to -76
dBc.
On the other hand, drift of the rf voltage and phaseoccurs due to change in atmosphere temperature andchange power supply. The temperature control ovensystem is equipped for the feed-back control. The temperature of the oven is controlled within |∆T | < 0.5◦ C.
In addition, an automatic voltage regulated power supply was introduced to the Auto Gain Control andPhase Lock Loop.
Finally the stability shown in Fig. 1 was achieved.
Phase drift of only 0.05◦ of RES3 was observed over
14 hours. The others were well stabilized within 0.1%
and 0.1◦ . Fig. 1 plots records of the amplitude andphase of 4 acceleration and 1 flattop cavities of the
SRC during acceleration of 14 N with an energy of 250
MeV/u (f = 27.4 MHz). The gap voltage/rf powerof acceleration cavities (RES1∼4) and flattop cavity(FT) of the SRC were 440 kV/100 kW and 200 kV/12
kW, respectively. The measurements were made byusing a new rf-monitor system.1) While the old vector
voltmeter system had resolutions of 0.1 % and 0.1◦ ,the voltage and phase resolutions of the new monitor
are 0.01 % and 0.02◦ , respectively.
In the case of rf voltage control breakdown due to a
spark, it is important to recover rf voltage as soon as
possible, otherwise it takes more than half an hour to
manually recover by adjusting tuner a few cm, due tothermal deformation of the cavity by a cooling water.
The low level system has an automatic recovery
mode which turns the rf input to the rf amplifier into

Fig. 2. Pre-pulse is introduced to pulse-mode to overcome
multipactor of the cavity. a) envelope of input signal toamplifier. b),c) forward and reflected power at coaxial
feeder line, respectively. d)pickup signal of cavity.

- 120 -

1

pulse mode. The pulse mode has very fast ∆V /∆t of afew µs, and is crucial for overcoming the multipactor of
the cavity in the recovery process. The rise-time of thecavity voltage is defined by the cavity and amplifier response. Therefore, in order to obtain fast pulse, large
amplitude pre-pulse with a length of 100 µs is introduced to the normal pulse to obtain a fast pulse. Fig.
2 shows the envelopes of the input pulse, forwarded
power, reflected power and cavity pickup signal. It
has been found that the fast ∆V /∆t pulse successfully overcome the multipactor with a pre-pulse andconsequently restores normal power to the safe levelfor power supplies of amplifier and the cavity itself.
In automatic-recovery mode, the cavity voltage will
be recovered along the dashed line within a few ms.
Therefore no voltage down of RES4 was observed during the stability measurements shown in Fig. 1. It may
be concluded that the pre-pulse excitation works very
well. Fine tuning of the amplitude and length of the
pre-pulse is in progress.
References
1) R. Koyama et al.: ”RF fields and nondestructive beamphase/intensity monitoring system for stable operationof RIBF”, this report.

2- 121 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Stability of RF system at RILAC in RIBF
K. Suda, R. Koyama,∗1 O. Kamigaito, N. Sakamoto, N. Fukunishi, M. Fujimaki, T. Watanabe, K. Yamada, and
M. KaseThe accelerating RF system of RILAC which is aninjector to RRC in RIBF, must be highly stable as wellas the four cyclotrons located downstream for a longterm such as several weeks in order for us to provide
high intensity heavy ion beams up to 1 pµA. If wemaintain a deviation of beam phase before injection to
RRC within ± 1◦ of accelerating RF of RRC, corresponding to 152 ps for 48 Ca case (=2/36.5 MHz/360
deg.), it is required to achieve RF stability of ± 0.1%
in voltage and ± 0.1◦ in phase, since the coefficientsof beam phase against RF of RILAC before injection
to RRC are typically 0.5 – 1.0 nsec/% in voltage and
0.5 nsec/% in phase. For the purpose of determining
the degree of stability, the RF voltage and phase weremonitored as well as beam magnitude and phase using lock-in amplifiers (LIA) during the beam time of
RIBF1) . Fig. 1 shows the long-term deviation of RF
pickup voltages and phases in six tanks of RILAC observed during Uranium acceleration (f=18.25 MHz) in
July 2008. The voltages for the last two tanks (#5
and #6) are rather stable within 0.05%, whereas thatfor the tanks #1 – #4 deviate more than 0.1%. The
main reason for this difference is that Automatic Gain
Control units (AGC) used to stabilize RF voltage forthe last two tanks are newer than that for other tanks,
and are designed well in order to provide better stability. On the other hand, phases are nearly monotonically increasing or decreasing, which is often observed
at RILAC. The low-level circuits for phase stability(Automatic Phase Control units) are the same for alltanks. The corresponding beam phases monitored by

Fig. 1. RF voltage and phase of six tanks of RILAC. The
voltage deviation (upper panel) for tank #2, #5 and#6 are shifted by −0.3% for visibility.
∗1

SHI Accelerator Service Ltd.

two phase probes (PP-e11, X51) located downstreamof RILAC are shown in Fig. 2. A beam phase (arrivaltime) changes depending on deviations of RF voltage
and phase. Therefore, if we assume deviation of RF issmall enough, we can define the first order coefficientof beam phase against RF deviation. We determinedthe coefficients using following two different method.
(1) Manually change RF voltage and phase for eachtank, and measure the beam phase. (parameter change
test)(2) Fitting beam phase data with RF voltage andphase deviation.
For the case of (1), we changed RF voltage by 0.09–
0.3% and phase 0.21–0.53◦ . For (2), the function used
for fitting isφbeam =

6(ai ViRF + bi φRF
i )+c
i=1

are
where φbeam is the beam phase, ViRF and φRFideviation of RF voltage and phase, respectively, andai , bi , c are parameters. For comparison, data for fitting is separated into two: (2-a) initial 5.7 h, (2-b)
last 6.5 h. In the fitting, a standard deviation of beamphase was assumed to be 0.015 ns taking noise levelof PP into account. The fitting results of beam phaseare shown in Fig. 2 as well as the values calculated byputting the parameters obtained in parameter change
test into the fitting function. The results of fitting reproduce PP-data reasonably. Although an agreementwith parameter change test is poor, fine structure iswell reproduced. These results indicates that the finestructure of beam phase is actually caused by RF deviation. Fig. 3 compares the parameters obtained byparameter change test and by fitting. For the voltagesof the last two tanks, parameters are significantly different between two methods. It seems that the fitting
method can not determine these parameters because
the RF voltages are nearly constant or not linear independent. Other than the last two tanks, the largest coefficient is that in the voltage of tank #2 (∼ 3 [ns/%]).
An improvement of a stability of beam phase was expected if AGC of tank #2 is upgraded to the sameas that for the previous two tanks. Therefore, an upgrade of AGC was performed in September. A control
system was also modified so that RF voltages for the
first four tanks can be controlled in higher precision:from 1/3000 to 1/6000 for #1, #3 and #4, and #2 to
1/60000, the same as used in the previous two tanks.
Fig. 4 shows the RF voltage and phase observed during- 122 -1

Uranium acceleration in November. A time dependent
fluctuation of voltage in tank #2 became similar tothat in the last two tanks as expected. However, thevoltages for these three tanks started to decrease similarly at around 0:00 on the 17th. As a result, stability is within 0.15%, and is worse compared with thatin July (Fig. 1). The corresponding beam phase andparameter fitting results are shown in Fig. 5 and 3, respectively. PP-data during beam test (13:15 – 13:45)
were eliminated from fitting. From the fitting results, afluctuation of beam phase from 8:00 to 18:00 seems to
be mainly due to the RF voltage deviation of #3. RF
pickup voltage and phase are summarized in Tables 1
and 2. Further analysis is still in progress.

Fig. 4. RF voltage and phase of six tanks of RILAC. The
voltage deviation for tanks #2, #5 and #6 are shiftedby −0.2% for visibility.

Fig. 5. Beam phase measured on 2008/11/16–17.
Fig. 2. Beam phase measured by two phase probes (PPe11, X51) located downstream of RILAC. The data iscompared with fitting results.

Table 1. RF pickup voltage and phase measured by LIA
on 2008/07/08 19:17.
Tank #
12
3
4
56
Voltage [mV] 19.28 31.08 19.32 26.72 33.73 23.60
Phase [deg] −81.72 −85.61 −80.00 −82.28 −71.16 −68.67
Phase(shifted)
0−3.89 1.72 −0.56 10.56 13.05
Table 2. RF pickup voltage and phase measured by LIA
on 2008/11/16 8:00.
Tank #
12
3
4
56
Voltage [mV] 18.99 30.47 19.00 25.84 33.29 23.47
Phase [deg] −22.13 −30.36 −25.11 −28.16 −24.21 −20.66
Phase(shifted)
0−8.23 −2.98 −6.03 −2.08 1.47

References
1) R. Koyama et al., in this progress report.
Fig. 3. Comparison of parameters obtained by parameterchange test and fitting. Parameters ai and bi are shownin upper and lower panels, respectively.

2- 123 -

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 (2009)

Open-stub ﬁlter for fRC main ampliﬁer
O. Kamigaito, T. Chiba, Y. Chiba, N. Sakamoto, and K. Suda
The ﬁxed-frequency ring cyclotron (fRC) in the RIbeam factory1) has two accelerating resonators operated at 54.75 MHz.2) Each resonator is fed by an rf ampliﬁer based on a tetrode RS2058CJ with a groundedgrid conﬁguration, and a maximum output power of
100 kW in the cw mode. The resonator and ampliﬁer
are connected by a 5 m coaxial waveguide (WX-120D).
The typical input power for the acceleration of a uranium beam is 70 kW at a gap voltage of 450 kV.
There was a problem in these rf systems because
the seventh harmonic component (383.25 MHz) became prominent in the resonators, as shown in Fig. 1,
when the input power exceeded 40 kW. Apparently the
harmonic component, transmitted from the ampliﬁer,
causes resonance of one of the resonant modes in theresonator coupled to the beam chambers. There areso many resonant modes in the frequency region above
350 MHz. In principle, the higher harmonic component should be as small as possible because the pickup
signal from the resonator is rectiﬁed and used as input
to the feedback loop of the amplitude.

f (54.75 MHz)7f (383.25 MHz)+ 379.0 MHz

4f

2f

6f

Fig. 1. Measured power spectrum of pickup signal of theaccelerating resonator before installing the ﬁlter. Gap
voltage was 440 kV. Although not shown clearly, thepeak around the seventh harmonic component consistsof two diﬀerent components: 383.25 MHz and 379.0
MHz. The latter indicates self oscillations of the ampliﬁer.

We ﬁrst tried to suppress the harmonic componentof the output power by re-adjusting the circuit parameters of the ampliﬁer, but the improvement was quite
limited. On the other hand, it seemed impossible toﬁnd an eﬀective way to move the resonant modes far
from the seventh harmonic frequency. Therefore, we
decided to insert a notch ﬁlter in each waveguide, as
illustrated below.
A schematic diagram of the ﬁlter is shown in Fig. 2,

Sliding
contact

Movingplate

Tefloninsulator

Stub

WX-120D (NF)

0

5

10 cm

Fig. 2. Cross sectional view of the open-stub ﬁlter.

with an open stub added to a coaxial waveguide. The
length of the open-stub is chosen to be approximately
equal to the quarter wavelength at 383.25 MHz so thatthe transmission through the coaxial line is zero at thisfrequency. Since the length of the stub is much smaller
than the wavelength at 54.75 MHz, insertion loss at thefundamental frequency is very small.
The size of the transmission ports of the ﬁlter isbased on WX-120D. In order to adjust the notch center
precisely, a moving plate was added to the open end of
the stub. The length of the stub and the stroke of theplate were optimized by using the computer program
Microwave Studio.3) The thickness and position of theTeﬂon insulators were carefully taken into account in
the calculation. All the components except for the
inner conductor of the stub are made of copper, and theinner conductor is made of brass plated with copper.
The measured scattering parameter |S21 | of the ﬁlter
is shown in Fig. 3. Transmission at 383.25 MHz can becompletely suppressed by adjusting the position of theend plate. Insertion loss at the fundamental frequency
is very small, as expected. The ﬁlter was inserted into
the waveguide close to the output port of the ampliﬁer,
as shown in Fig. 4.
The measured power spectrum of the pickup signal
after installing the ﬁlter is shown in Fig. 5. It is clearthat the higher order components are signiﬁcantly reduced.
The ﬁlters worked stably during the uranium acceleration performed in this year.

- 124 -1

0(a)f (54.75 MHz)

-10

| S21 | (dB)

-20
-30
-40
-50

2f

-60

4f

379.0 MHz-70
-80
383.25 MHz(SPAN: 30 MHz)| S21 | (dB)

1

Fig. 5. Measured power spectrum of pickup signal of theaccelerating resonator after installing the ﬁlter. Gap
voltage was 440 kV. The resultant peak corresponds
to a frequency of 379.0 MHz. The seventh harmoniccomponent (383.25 MHz) disappeared completely.

(b)
0
-1
-2
54.75 MHz(SPAN: 30 MHz)

Fig. 3. Measured |S21 | of ﬁlter in the frequency region
around the seventh order component (a) and aroundthe fundamental component (b).

AmplifierOpen-stub filter

Output port
Rf power

Fig. 4. Photograph of ﬁlter installed in the ampliﬁer.

References
1) Y. Yano: Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 261, 1009 (2007).
2) N. Sakamoto, O. Kamigaito, S. Kohara, N. Inabe, M.

2- 125 -

Kase, A. Goto, and Y. Yano: Proc. 3rd Annual Meetingof Particle Accelerator Society of Japan and 31st Linear
Accelerator Meeting in Japan, Sendai, Japan, August
2-4, 2006, p. 886.
3) http://www.cst.deRIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

High-power test of four-rod cw RFQ for new injector to RI-beam factory
E. Ikezawa, O. Kamigaito, H. Fujisawa, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, K. Yamada, T. Aihara,∗ T. Ohki,∗
H. Yamauchi,∗ A. Uchiyama,∗ K. Oyamada,∗ M. Tamura,∗ M. Kase, A. Goto, and Y. Yano
∗ SHI Accelerator Service Ltd.

As reported in the last volume,1) an RFQ system2)
consisting of a resonator, rf power amplifier system, andwater-cooling system, has been brought to RIKEN to berecycled as part of the new injector3) for the RI-beamfactory. High power tests of the resonator were carried out
in 2008 as described below.
In February 2008, the water-cooling system wasreassembled and new pipes were installed to supply
de-ionized water for the resonator and the amplifier. The
vacuum level in the resonator did not deteriorate in thepresence of cooling water.
The rf amplifier mainly consists of two stages as shown in
Fig. 1: the 5 kW driver stage based on a tetrode RS3021CJ,
and the 50 kW final stage based on a tetrode RS2058CJ
with a grounded grid configuration. A 500 W solid state
amplifier is included in the driver stage. The amplifier was
reassembled in the following way. First, in September 2008,
the driver stage was brought to a factory and tuned toprovide the designed power. At the same time, the program
for the control unit was re-installed. Second, the final stage
was reassembled at RIKEN and all the units including the
DC power supply were connected with cables. Finally, theamplifier system was tested with a dummy load. We
encountered no significant problems.
High power testing of the resonator started in December at
33.8MHz. So far, about 11 kW of power has been fed into
the resonator in the cw mode. The estimated inter-vanevoltage is 40 kV, which is sufficient for the acceleration of

Signalgenerator

Phase
shifter

Controller(remote)the designed ions with M/q=6.8 in the new injector. The
vacuum stays at of 1×10-4 Pa during operation, and there
seems to be no problem of heating. However, the vacuum
pressure is insufficient for beam acceleration. In order toimprove the vacuum pressure, two turbomolecular pumps of
the RFQ will be replaced with cryogenic pumps.
The resonant frequency of the RFQ should be changed to36.5 MHz when it is used in the new injector. We areplanning to put block tuners in the resonator in this fiscal
year. The calculation of the eigenmode has just started.
References
1) O. Kamigaito et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Report 41, 91(2007)
2) H. Fujisawa: Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 345, 23 (1994).
3) O. Kamigaito et al.: in this issue.

Centercontrolunit

5kW
rf amp.

50kW
rf amp.

DC10kVPS

RF signal or power
Controle signal
Cooling water

Pick-upController(local)DC power

Water-coolingsystem

RFQ resonatorto trimmer

Fig. 1. Schematic block diagram of the RFQ system- 126 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)- 127 -

- 128 -㩷㩷㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㩷

The heating effect of cryogenic vacuum pump of SRC rf resonator
M. Nishida,䋪 S. Yokouchi, K. Yadomi,䋪 K. Yamada, H. Okuno, N. Sakamoto, and M. KaseThe SRC has four rf resonators (RES1, RES2, RES3, andRES4). Each rf resonator is evacuated by three cryopumps(CP1, CP2, and CP3) whose nominal diameter is 500 mm
as shown in Fig. 1. A vacuum pressure inside an rf
resonator is kept as low as 10-6 Pa when an rf voltage of therf resonator is less than 500 kV. However, a vacuum
pressure inside RES4 became high above a permissiblelevel after its rf voltage was raised up to a design value of
600 kV. The variation of temperature inside every
cryopumps and vacuum pressure of RES4 is shown in Fig.
2. A temperature of 80K baffle (T1), which was considered
to be approximately 50 K higher than that of 1st stage ofrefrigerator, was also measured as well as that of 2nd stage(T2). The T1 and T2 of CP1 increased with time, and reachedabove 40 K and 200 K at t = 4 hours, respectively. On theother hand, the T1 of CP2 and CP3 changed little withincrease in time. The vacuum pressure increased steeply
with time just after t = 0, and at t = 2 hour fell rapidly toaround 110-5 Pa. This drastic increase in pressure isconsidered to be caused by a large amount of hydrogen gas
desorbed from an adsorption panel of CP1 due to increasing
T2 above ~20 K.
Wall loss has a peak value at the centre of rf resonator,and decreases with a distance from it. Since CP1 faces tothe centre of rf resonator, input power to rf shield at CP1
port is larger than that to others. Therefore, this rf shield
may be heated too much if it is not water-cooled
sufficiently.
A check inside RES4 was carried out. As a result about
half of screws, which fixed rf shield to copper plate (SeeFig. 1(b)), turned out to be loose. After tightening thesescrews by a roughly 1/4 turn (re-tightening), T1 and T2 of
CP1 were measured. The measured result is shown in Fig. 3.
Although both T1 and T2 after re-tightening were lower thanthose before re-tightening, the T1 did not decrease below
130k equivalent to a permissible value of 80 K for 1st stage.
In order to decrease T1 bellow 130 K, it was concluded
that an rf shield at CP1 had to be cooled to prevent CP1
from being heated by thermal radiation from it. A
water-cooling device for an rf shield was designed.1) The
device is chiefly composed of an insert flange of stainlesssteel and a cooling pipe of oxygen free copper which isbuilt in the insert flange and clamps end face of the rf shield(See Fig. 4). Only two pieces of device were manufactured
for RES2 and RES4, and installed at each CP1 port. Figure
5 shows T1, T2 and vacuum pressure for RES2 and RES4
after installing a water-cooling device. The T1s were kept
below a permissible temperature of 130 K, and the T2s were䋪

kept as low as 15 K. The vacuum pressures were kept
approximately between 1 to 210-5 Pa, although small
peaks were observed within t = 2 hours. The devices for
RES1 and RES3 are now in manufacturing, and will be
installed in February 2009.
(a)

(b)

Fig. 1. (a) Layout of cryopumps installed for an rf
resonator. (b) Cross-sectional view of A-A in (a) and top
view of rf shield.

SHI Accelerator Service, Ltd.

- 129 -

Fig. 4. Photograph of water-cooling device mounted at
cryopump port flange.
Fig. 2. The variation of temperature inside cryopumps,
and vacuum pressure for RES4 after its rf voltage was set to
600kV at t=0 in.









Fig. 3. The variation of temperature inside cryopumps,
and vacuum pressure for RES4 after its rf voltage was set to
600kV at t=0 after re-tightening.

Fig. 5. The variation of temperature inside cryopumps,
and vacuum pressure for RES2 and RES4 after each rf
voltage was set to 600kV at t = 0 after installing awater-cooling device. The solid lines represent thetemperatures and pressure for RES4, and the dashed lines
denote those for RES2.
References

1) S. Yokouchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 226 (2009).

- 130 -

117改
㩷
㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷The effect of vacuum pressure on transmission efficiency of RILAC
K. Oyamada,䋪 S. Yokouchi, N.Fukunishi, E. Ikezawa, and M. Kase

It is strongly required to improve the transmission
efficiency of the RIKEN heavy-ion linac (RILAC) in orderto obtain a higher beam intensity of uranium beam in the RI
beam factory (RIBF).1) The transmission efficiency of 35+U
beam in RILAC was as low as 31% during thecommissioning in early 2008, which is appreciably lower
than typical transmissions, e.g. ~41% for +13Fe, and ~53%
for +16Zn.
In the case of the acceleration and transport of ahigh-charge state heavy ion such as 35+U in RILAC, the loss
via the charge-exchange processes of the beam withresidual gas in vacuum chambers may decrease thetransmission efficiency. In fact, vacuum pressures of
RILAC had been in the range of 10-5 Pa. The vacuum
required for the low energy 35+U beam transport wasestimated to be as low as 10-6 Pa to keep the beam loss
negligible. We investigated the effect of the vacuum
pressure along the RILAC beam line on the overall
transmission efficiency.
Figure 1 shows a layout of the RILAC. All the vacuum
pumping system are shown in the figure.
The wholebeam lines are divided into fourteen sections; RFQ,
rebuncher, six RILAC cavities and the beam lines between
them. Each section is equipped with one or two vacuum
pumping systems via an individual vacuum valve (VH). We
measured the change in the overall transmission from RFQ
to the CAVITY#6, when the vacuum pressure in section x
was intentionally increased by closing the corresponding
VHx without changing the vacuum in neighboring sections.
The overall transmission efficiency of the RILAC that isdefined as a ratio of the beam intensity at the location ofe11 to that at the location of R1 is denoted byǯo which is
obtained after sufficient beam tuning. Suppose that theinitial transmissionǯo is degraded toǯx as the vacuum
pressure in section x is raised from the initial value pox topmx after VHx is closed,
Since ǯ x/ ǯ o denotes change in transmission of thevacuum section x, a beam loss ( ǳ mx), which occurred
additionally in the section is 1-ǯx/ǯo. ǳmx is considered
to be approximately linear with respect to sufficiently small
defferences in the vacuum pressure, 'pmx, (=pmx- pox)
assuming that both cross section and path length areconstant. Therefore, an intrinsic beam loss ( ǳ x) in thesection x is calculated by ǳx =ǳmx  (pox /'pmx).
Thus the estimated values from the measurements ofǳx

䋪

at each section are plotted in Fig. 2. The beam loss in the
upstream of RILAC was larger than that in the downstream
expectedly. This result suggests that the vacuum effect ontransmission efficiency is larger in the upstream of RILAC
and that the improvement of the vacuum in the upstream istherefore more important. Although theǳx in the section
VAC12 looks large in Fig. 2, it was caused by a temporary
increase in vacuum pressure during measurement and wascertified to be normally as low as that in other sections in
the downstream later.
Based on these results, the pumping systems for the three
upstream sections, RFQ, 014, and CAVITY#1 were
reinforced in the summer of 2008 as follows: one of the1500 L/s TP’s was replaced by a 2400 L/s CP in the RFQ,
one new 220 L/s TP was added at the 014, and 2400 L/s TP
was replaced to 13000 L/s CP in CAVITY#1. As for the
rebuncher (REB), its vacuum system could not be improved
under present circumstances. The estimation of effective
pumping speeds for these three sections before and after thechanges are summarized in Table 1. The changes in thevacuum pressures of the three sections are shown in Figure
3, and have improved corresponding to the increase inpumping speeds.
We received a transmission of ~40% during beam testing
autumn 2008. This value for the transmission was improvedby 10% from previous ones which can be explained by themeasurement results in table 2. This improvement intransmission efficiency is thought to be mainly attributed to
the reduction in the vacuum effect.
Total pumping speed(L/s)
SectionImproved

BeforeAfter

improvement

improvement

RFQ

1114

1672

1.5

014

216

376

1.7

CAVITY#1

4426

10585

2.4

ratio

Table 1. Comparison of total effective pumping speeds of
CAVITY#1,RFQ, 014 and CAVITY#1 before and after the
improvement of vacuum pumping system. Improved ratio
represents the ratio of total effective pumping speed after
the improvement to that which previously occurred.

SHI Accelerator Service, Ltd.

- 131 -

117改

Fig. 1, Layout of the RILAC. TP denotes a turbomolecular pump, and the nominal pumping speeds of TP-, TP-L2, TP-M,
TP- L1S1, and TP-S2 are 5000, 2400, 1500, 350, and 220 L/s respectively. CP- represents a cryopump, and the nominal
pumping speeds of CP-20, CP-16, and CP-10 are 13000, 5000, and 2400 L/s respectively. Names in parentheses indicate
those of the vacuum pumps replaced and name in brackets shows that of the vacuum pumps added in the improvement of thevacuum pumping system. The transmission efficiency of the RILAC is defined as the ratio of beam currents through e11 tothat through R1.
㩷P0x(x10-6Pa)

Pmx(x10-6Pa)Ȝx(%)

DȜx(%)

RFQ

1.1E-05

4.7E-06

8.8

4.9

ReB

4.1E-05

2.9E-05

6.8

2.0

Cavity#1

7.2E-05

2.7E-05

7.6

4.8

㩷

11.7

Total

㩷

㩷

Table 2. The reduction of beam losses expected from
improvement of vacuums in the three sections; RFQ, ReB,
and Cavity#1. The result shows the transmission can be
improved by a total of 12%.
Fig. 2, Plot of intrinsic beam loss at each section

References
1) N. Nobuhisa et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 85 (2008).
2) Y. Sato: private correspondence

Fig. 3, Comparison of vacuum pressures of RFQ, REB,
014, and CAVITY#1 before and after the improvement of
the vacuum pumping system when all GVs were open.
- 132 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Development of polymer-coated carbon stripper foils
H. Hasebe, H. Okuno, H. Kuboki, N. Fukunishi, O. Kamigaito A. Goto, M. Kase, and Y. Yano

Carbon foils (C-foils) are extensively used as charge
strippers for heavy-ion beams at the RIKEN RI beamfactory. As thicker C-foils became necessary, we started todevelop polymer-coated carbon foils (PCC-foils)1) in 2005.
A beam test on the lifetime of C-foil with a fixed holder,with a racetrack-shaped hole of 14 mm x 23 mm, wasperformed in April 2008. The foil consisted of 5
poly-monochloro-para-xylylene (Parylene) layers and 5
carbon layers. Multi-layer PCC-foils were irradiated with a
11 MeV/u 238U35+ beam at an intensity of 0.5 ePA that wasdelivered from the RIKEN ring cyclotron (RRC). The beam
spot size was approximately 5 mm in diameter. The lifetime
was determined by monitoring both the beam intensity ofthe stripped ions and the image of the C-foil on a TV
display. Figure 1 shows photographs of two examples ofmulti-layer PCC-foils of 300 Pg/cm2 in carbon thickness
after irradiation. Although the both foils were made in thesame way, their lifetimes were substantially different; thefoil in Fig. 1 (a) ruptured in a very short time and that in Fig.
1 (b) did not deteriorate even after 15 hours. Multi-layer
PCC-foils are easily deformed by the heat due to beamirradiation because of the characteristics of Parylene.
Since the lifetime would become long if the Parylene was
evaporated well or its polymer characteristics were lost, thefinal layer of the five Parylene layers was not deposited andthe foils were put in an oven at 523 K (250 °C) for several
hours before release off the glass substrate. PCC-foils madein this way stopped rupturing instantly, and all of them wereusable for 6–24 hours in a beam study performed in July
2008. The beam condition in this beam study was the sameas that of the previous test in April. These lifetimes arealmost the same as those of C-foils (XCF-300) of the
Arizona Carbon Foil Co. Inc.

(a)(b)
Fig. 1. Photographs of the 300 Pg/cm2-thickmulti-layer PCC-foils after irradiation with a 238U35+
beam: (a) PCC-foil that ruptured in a short time and(b) PCC-foil that was still usable after more than 15hours.

(a)(b)
Fig. 2. AFM images of the surface of the substrate side of
the 300 Pg/cm2-thick multi-layer PCC-foil: (a)non-irradiated part and (b) irradiated part.

(a)(b)
Fig. 3. AFM images of the surface of the evaporating sourceside of the 300 Pg/cm2-thick multi-layer PCC-foil: (a)non-irradiated part and (b) irradiated part.
An Atomic Force Microscope (AFM)2) was introduced toobserve the surface of thin C-foils. Figures 2 and 3 show theobserved surface images of the non-irradiated part and theirradiated part of the 300 Pg/cm2-thick PCC-foils,
respectively. The imaged area size was 2 Pm x 2 Pm. The
surface of the substrate side of the non-irradiated part, asshown in Fig. 2 (a), was observed to be flat with a small
amount of rough area and to have crushed carbon mounds(200 – 300 nm in diameter). On the other hand, the surfaceof the evaporating source side, as shown in Fig. 3 (a), wasobserved to be quite rough and to have many carbon
mounds attached. The surface of the PCC-foils after beamirradiation changed drastically. The surface of the substrateside of the irradiated part, as shown in Fig. 2 (b), wasobserved to have no carbon mounds but to be in a melted
state. The surface of the evaporating source side, as shownin Fig. 3 (b), was also observed to have no carbon mounds
but big cracks. The surface of the evaporating source sidechanged more drastically than that of the substrate side; thisis the reason why we stopped depositing the final layer ofthe five Parylene layers.

- 133 -

(a)(b)
Fig. 4 SEM images of the cross section of the 500
Pg/cm2-thick multi-layer PCC-foil: (a) non-irradiated partand (b) irradiated part.
A multi-layer PCC-foil of 500 Pg/cm2 in carbon
thickness, which was used as a charge stripper in anotherbeam study, was observed with an Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM)3) and an Electron Probe Micro Analyzer(EPMA)3) . The beam condition was the same as in the
beam test on the lifetime of foils. Fig. 4 (a) and (b) show
SEM images of the cross section of the PCC-foil at the
non-irradiated part and irradiated part, respectively. The
irradiated part was observed to be one layer with 1 Pm in
thickness due to evaporation of Parylene, while thenon-irradiated part was observed to be 10 layers with 3 Pm
in total thickness. The reason for the drastic decrease inthickness is thought to be heat deformation by the beam.
Fig. 5 (a) and (b) show results of qualitative analysis using
the EPMA for the non-irradiated part and irradiated part,respectively. Peaks of Ar from the sputtering source and Cl
from Parylene observed in the spectra for the non-irradiatedpart disappeared in that for the irradiated part.

ring area, and a big circular area inside the ring was torn off
the foil when it was taken out from the device (see Fig. 7).
The width of the beam-irradiated ring area was estimated tobe approximately 5 mm, which corresponded to the beam
spot size. A diamond-like C-foil manufactured by
TRIUMF5) also ruptured in the same way after
approximately 9 hours irradiation. The lifetimes of C-foils
for the rotating-cylinder stripper device were found to beworse than or equivalent to those for the fixed holder,
contrary to the expectation that the former would provide
tens of times better performance than the latter. The rapidchange in temperature in the beam-irradiated area due to theslow rotation speed might cause such results.
Fig. 6. Photograph of the 300
multi-layer
Pg/cm2-thick
PCC-foil that was set in therotating-cylinder
stripperdevice and ruptured after
25-min beam irradiation. The
ring area was discolored due tobeam irradiation.

Fig.7. Same as Fig. 7 exceptthat the foil was removed
from the device. A big
circular area inside the ring
was torn off the foil.

References(a)(b)
Fig. 5 Results of qualitative analysis using an EPMA forthe 500 Pg/cm2-thick multi-layer PCC-foil: (a)non-irradiated part and (b) irradiated part.
The lifetime of multi-layer PPC foils set in therotating-cylinder stripper device4) was measured in May
2008. The foils were made of 5 layers of carbon plus 5
layers of Parylene (the final layer of Parylene was still
deposited), with carbon thickness of 300 Pg/cm2 anddiameter of 10 cm. The foils were rotated with a speed of
100–300 rpm and the beam was again a 11 MeV/nucleon
238 35+U
beam with an intensity of 0.5 ePA. The
measurement was performed for two foils: the first one wastreated in the oven at 573 K (300 °C) for 2.5 hours before
releasing it off the glass substrate and the second one was
not treated. The result was that both foils ruptured in a time
as short as 25 min. and 10 min, respectively. Figure 6 showsa photograph of the first foil after beam irradiation. A lot ofholes were produced almost all along the beam-irradiated1) H. Hasebe, H. Ryuto, N. Fukunishi, A. Goto, M. Kase, and Y.
Yano: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 128 (2007).
2) Nanosurf AG, URL: <http://www.nanosurf.com/>.
3) K. Watanabe, RIKEN AD&SC
4) H. Ryuto, H. Hasebe, N. Fukunishi, S. Yokouchi, A. Goto, M.
Kase, and Y. Yano: “Rotating charge strippers for accelerationof intense heavy-ion beams at RIKEN ”, Nucl. Instrum.
Methods Phys. Res. A 569, 697 (2006).
5) TRIUMF Carbon Foil Laboratory- 134 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Offline test of a gas charge stripper for uranium beams
H. Kuboki, H. Okuno, S. Yokouchi, T. Kishida, H. Hasebe, N. Fukunishi, O. Kamgaito, H. Ryuto,∗1 M. Kase,
A. Goto, and Y. Yano
Charge strippers play an essential role in a heavy-ion
accelerator complex, since a high-charge state enables
an acceleration of heavy-ion beams up to a high energy
with small accelerators. The ions at a higher velocity
are charge-stripped to a higher charge state1) . Therefore, the efficient acceleration of heavy-ion beams is realized by charge strippers placed between sequentiallyconnected accelerators.
The RIKEN RI-beam factory (RIBF) is such aheavy-ion accelerator complex2) . At the RIBF, two
stripper sections are used to accelerate uranium ions
up to 345 MeV/nucleon3) . Figure 1 shows a schematic
view of the RIBF. Heavy ions extracted from the
1st charge stripper
18 GHz
ECRIS

FCRFQ

BigRIPS

RILAC
RRC

IRC
SRC
2nd charge stripper
fRC

Fig. 1. Schematic view of the RIBF. The accelerators areshown with the ion source and the two charge strippers.

RIKEN 18 GHz ECR ions source4) are accelerated
successively by the RIKEN heavy-ion linac (RILAC),
the RIKEN ring cyclotron (RRC), the fixed-frequency
ring cyclotron (fRC)5) , the intermediate-stage ring
cyclotron (IRC)6) , and the superconducting ring cyclotron (SRC)7) . The two stripper sections are placeddownstream of the first two cyclotrons, the RRC andthe fRC. The beam energies incident on these two
strippers are 11 and 51 MeV/nucleon, respectively.
The first charge stripper strips uranium ions with acharge state of 35+ to 71+ which is the lowest charge
state that enables uranium ions to be accelerated withthe fRC. The second charge stripper strips U71+ ions to
U86+ in order to accelerate uranium ions with the IRC.
At present, carbon foils with a thickness of 300 µg/cm2
and 13.9 mg/cm2 are used as the first and second
charge strippers, respectively. The irradiation conditions at the two stripper sections are summarized inTable 1. Especially, the first stripper has two serious
problems : 1) The foils have short lifetime (at most
24 hours) caused by heat load and mechanical stress of
the irradiation. 2) The energy spread of the beam after
the first charge stripper is estimated to be 0.55% (4σvalue)8) , which is beyond the acceptance (0.2%) of therebuncher9) placed between the RRC and the fRC.
We focus on a gas charge stripper as a new can∗1

Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center,
Kyoto University

didate to overcome two problems mentioned above,since a gas charge stripper has a very uniform thickness and is tolerant of heat load. One weak point isthat a charge state lower than 71+ may be obtained
due to the density-effect10) . In the case of gas strippers, the time between collisions is sufficient for excitedprojectiles to return to their ground states before entering into subsequent collisions. Since the cross section for ionization is larger when projectiles are in excited states than when projectiles are in the groundstate, we may obtain charge states lower than thatin the case of carbon foil strippers. A semi-empiricalformula obtained by Sayer11) predicts that the charge
state we can obtain using a gas charge stripper would
be 63+. However, the data used to derive the formula
does not match our case. Perumal et al.10) have alsomentioned charge states of uranium ions stripped bygas charge strippers. The highest energy referred inRef.10) has been 3.5 MeV/nucleon. Therefore, no one
actually knows the charge states of uranium ions obtained by gas charge strippers at ∼10 MeV/nucleon.
We have developed a gas charge stripper using thewindowless type gas target system12) . An overview ofthe gas charge stripper system for offline test is shownin Fig. 2. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram together

Gas target
chamber
Gas target Mechanical Booster Pumps (MBPs)

Fig. 2. Overview of the gas charge stripper system locatedat the D-room.

with its differential pumping system. The region in thetarget cell is defined as stage 1. The length of the target cell is 10 cm. The region outside of the target cellis defined as stage 2. Similarly, stage 3–5 denote theregions outside of stage 2–4, respectively. The pressure
at each stage is indicated by P1 –P5 , respectively. Since
the gas charge stripper is operated in a beamline, thepressure P1 should be high and the pressure away fromthe target cell should fall as rapid as possible. We performed an offline test of the gas charge stripper withnitrogen gas injected into the target cell. The results- 135 -

1

Table 1. The irradiation conditions at the two stripper sections.
stripper
1st
2nd

ion
238
238

energy(MeV/nucleon)
11
51

U35+
U71+

carbonthickness
300 (µg/cm2 )13.9 (mg/cm2 )are shown in Fig. 4. The pressures P2 –P5 are plotted asa function of P1 . We can obtain higher charge statesstage 3P4
P3stage 2P2stage 4stage 5P5

beamstage 1
P1stage 5P5TMP2550 L/s

TMP2
550 L/s

MBP1
MBP2 1020 m3/h
TMP1 600 m3/h
1450 L/s

Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of the gas charge stripper
with its differential pumping system12) . The target
cell (stage 1) is located at the center. The length of
the target cell is 10 cm. Other stages are also shownwith pumping speeds of the attached pumps. Four apertures before the beam entrance into the target cell are
6 mm in diameter. The exit of the target cell and theexit of the stage 2 have also 6 mm diameter apertures.
The exit of the stage 3 and 4 have 8 mm and 10 mmdiameter apertures, respectively.

1000

100

(Pa)

10

1

0.1
vacuum limit
P2
P3
P4
P5

0.01

0.001
1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10

(kPa)

Fig. 4. The pressure at each stage is plotted as a function of P1 . Solid line shows the limit for an interlock (4×10−3 Pa).

with a thicker charge stripper. However, in the case ofcarbon foils, the averaged charge state achieves equi-2- 136 -

beam intensity
(pnA)
14
3.7

heat load
(W)
0.50
3.2

spot diameter
(mm)
5
5

librium at a thickness of 500 µg/cm2 3) . With an assumption that the thickness for an equilibrium charge
state using nitrogen gas is the same as that in the caseof carbon foils, the thickness above 500 µg/cm2 shouldbe needed. The thickness estimated from the maximum pressure of 10.5 kPa was 1.18 mg/cm2 . However, a limitation of P1 is practically determined by
P5 . The pressure P5 should be lower than 4×10−3 Pa
which is the limit for an interlock. The results indicatethat the pressure P1 should be maintained lower than
1.4 kPa (157 µg/cm2 ) to keep the pressure P5 under
the limit.
We are planning to obtain data of the charge distribution with uranium beams at 11 MeV/nucleon in
March 2009. To control P1 up to higher pressure, anadditional stage (stage 6) and a couple of turbo molecular pumps will be introduced. A test with helium gas
is also planned to investigate dependence on materials.
References
1) C. Scheidenberger et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 142,441 (1998).
2) Y. Yano, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 261, 1009 (2007).
3) H. Ryuto et al., Proc. 2005 Particle Accelerator Conference, Knoxville, USA, 2005, p.3751.
4) T. Nakagawa et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 226, 392(2004).
5) T. Mitsumoto et al., Proc. 17th Int. Conf. on Cyclotrons
and Their Applications, 384 (2004).
6) J. Ohnishi et al., Proc. 17th Int. Conf. on Cyclotrons
and Their Applications, 197 (2004).
7) H. Okuno et al., Proc. 17th Int. Conf. on Cyclotrons
and Their Applications, 373 (2004).
8) N. Fukunishi et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 81(2007).
9) T. Aoki et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 592, 171 (2008).
10) A.N. Perumal et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 227, 251(2005).
11) R.O. Sayer, Rev. de Phys. Appl. 12, 1543, (1977).
12) T. Kishida et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 438, 70(1999).

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Practical use of beam current monitor with HTS current sensor and
HTS SQUID at RIBF
T. Watanabe, Y. Sasaki, M. Kase, N. Fukunishi and Y. Yano
A highly sensitive beam current monitor with an
HTS (high-temperature superconducting) SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) and an
HTS current sensor, that is, an HTS SQUID monitor,
has been developed for use with the RIBF (RI beamfactory) at RIKEN1–3) . Unlike other existing facilities,
the HTS SQUID monitor allows us to measure the DCof high-energy heavy-ion beams nondestructively inreal time, and the beam current extracted from the cyclotron can be recorded without interrupting the beamuser’s experiments. Both the HTS magnetic shield
and the HTS current sensor were dip-coated to form a
Bi2 -Sr2 -Ca2 -Cu3 -Ox (Bi-2223) layer on 99.9% MgO ceramic substrates. In work conducted presently, all the
fabricated HTS devices are cooled by a low-vibration
pulse-tube refrigerator. These technologies enabled us
to downsize the system. Prior to practical use at the
RIBF, the HTS SQUID monitor was installed in the
beam transport line of the RIKEN ring cyclotron todemonstrate its performance. As a result, a 20 µA
40
Ar15+ beam intensity (63 MeV/u) was successfullymeasured with a 500 nA resolution. Despite the performance taking place in an environment with strong
gamma ray and neutron flux radiation, RF backgroundand large stray magnetic fields, the measurements weresuccessfully carried out in this study. This year, theHTS SQUID monitor was upgraded to have a resolution of 100 nA. We will report the present status of the

HTS SQUID
MonitorLow -vib
rationpulse-tube
refrigerator

Cryostatmonitor system.
Although the intensity of a sub-micro-ampere beam
can be measured, a limit of a minimum current higher
than two orders of magnitude is required for fainterbeam measurement. The possibility of fabricatinga new HTS current sensor and introducing highpermeability cores into the HTS SQUID through twoholes has been investigated3) . The cores are composedof 80% Ni and Mo, Re and Fe. A test using a simulated
beam current shows a 50-fold improvement in gain,
when the wire used as the simulated beam was wounddirectly on the high-permeability cores. However, we
could not obtain the simulated beam current signal,
when both the HTS SQUID and the HTS current sensor were used. The HTS SQUID sensor plays a role indetecting the beam current, from which we assumed
the reason the signal could not be obtained was thatthe HTS current sensor could not reach a superconducting state. If the critical temperature of the HTS
current sensor is lower than that of liquid nitrogen, the
HTS current sensor was no longer be in a superconducting state. Then in order to cool the HTS current
sensor and the HTS SQUID to below the temperature of liquid nitrogen, we chose a method using thecryostat of the HTS SQUID monitor by exchanging allcomponents inside the cryostat. A new cooling mechanism inside the cryostat was designed and fabricatedfor these purposes. As a result, the HTS current sensor
could reach superconducting state at a temperature of
68 K. On the other hand, because the HTS SQUID
was designed to achieve the best performance at thetemperature of the liquid nitrogen (77K), it could notoperate properly at a temperature of 68K. Therefore,
the examination to confirm whether these HTS components achieved high sensitivity is being postponed

High-permeab
il
ity
core
Al Mounting
frame

HTS
Current
SensorHTSSQUIDComp ressor

Fig. 1. The HTS SQUID monitor equipped with new HTS
SQUID containing a high-permeability core and Al
mounting frame was reassembled.

Fig. 2. Photograph of new HTS SQUID with two holes
containing high-permeability core.

- 137 -

1

Fig. 5. Effect of removal of environmental noise by introducing the noise cancellation system.

results, the calibration equation obtained isVs = Sco × Ib × G/500= 46.60 × Ib × G/500,

Fig. 3. Cooling processes recorded for over 30 h using silicon diode thermometers.

for the present.
Aiming for a practical use for accelerator operations at the RIBF, we reassembled the HTS SQUID
monitor with the new HTS SQUID containing a highpermeability core and an aluminium mounting frame(Fig. 1). The previous frame made of iron was replaced with one made of aluminium with a relative
permeability of 1. Figure 2 shows a photograph of the
new HTS SQUID with two holes containing the highpermeability core. An HTS magnetic shield and the
HTS current sensor, including the HTS SQUID, arecooled by a pulse-tube refrigerator which is a low vibration type and has a refrigeration power of 11 W at
a temperature of 77 K. Figure. 3 shows the results ofthe cooling processes; temperatures of the cold head,
the thermal anchor and the Cu block holding the HTSSQUID were recorded for over 30 h using silicon diodethermometers. The temperature of the HTS SQUID
was found to reach the temperature of liquid nitrogen(77 K) after 16.5 h. The output voltage of the HTSSQUID controller as a function of the simulated beam
current is plotted in Fig. 4. From these measurement
1

10

x500
x200
x100
x50
x20

0

10

x 50
0

x 200

x 100
x 50
x 20

The authors are grateful to E. Nemoto of JEOL DATUM, Ltd., for his cooperation regarding the noise
cancellation system.

-1

10

References

-2

10

-6

10

1mA

-5

10

-4

10

-3

10

1mA

Simulated Beam Current (A)Fig. 4. Plot of output voltage of the HTS SQUID controller
as a function of simulated beam current.

2

where Sco , Ib , Vs and G are the coupling efficiency(mV/µA), the beam current (µA), the output voltage of the HTS SQUID controller (mV) and the gain,
respectively. A test using a simulated beam current
showed a 2-fold improvement in gain, because the coupling efficiency Sco of the HTS SQUID monitor was
22.8 mV/µA1) . The transfer of the magnetic field
produced by the simulated beam current to the HTSSQUID was thus improved.
To obtain a better resolution for the measurement,
we paid close attention to the reduction of noise.
A noise-cut transformer which is completely isolated
from the power circuit and not affected by AC source
noise was introduced. Furthermore, all instruments
were fixed onto a large aluminum plate and the groundsof the instruments were connected to the plate. The
signal cables were wired carefully to reduce unnecessary loops as much as possible and all AC lines werecovered with braided wires. The design of the noise
cancellation system is based on a three-axis Helmholtz
cage and feedback control engineering. Three-axis
flux-gate sensors are placed near the equipment. A
signal is fed through the proprietary controller to acompensation coil, producing precisely calibrated electromagnetic fields. The preliminary result in Figs. 5(a) and (b) shows the effect of the removal of environmental noise by introducing the noise cancellation
system. The data acquisition and control program being written by LabVIEW (National Instruments, Ltd.)is almost complete, but some modification is necessary.

1) T. Watanabe et al., Supercond. Sci. Technol. 17 S450
(2004).
2) T. Watanabe et al.: Journal of Physics 43, 1215 (2006).
3) T. Watanabe et al.: Journal of Physics 97, 012248(2008).

- 138 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Development of ion beam core monitor
H. Watanabe, S. Watanabe,＊1 R. Koyama,＊2 and M. KaseBEAM

A nondestructive ion beam core monitor has beendeveloped to measure the intensity of a beam current. It isparticularly useful if one can continuously monitor the ion
beam current without interrupting the ion beam. The core
monitor has been installed into the RIKEN ring cyclotron
output beamline to measure ion beams. We report here thetest experiments for nondestructive ion beam monitoring of
the cyclotron using a toroidal transformer.
We used a Fast Current Transformer (FCT) manufactured
by BERGOZ Instrumentation. The transformer, model
FCT-082-05:1-H-INS, consists of a toroidal core made ofcobalt-based nanocrystalline and amorphous alloys of 82
mm inner diameter and a five-turn coil wound by the
proprietary multithread technique. The multithread winding
is a technique of core winding whereby there are few turns
around the core. Many parallel wires are wound, clockwise
and anticlockwise. The principle of the transformer detector
is shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of core monitor.
The cyclotron beam is equivalent to a single-turn coil on
the primary side of the transformer which induces amagnetic flux in the toroidal core, resulting in an induced
current in the secondary coil. The bandwidth of the FCT is
32 kHz – 700 MHz and the typical rise time is 500 ps. The
fast response of the detector allows us to observe the higher
harmonics of the pulsed beam. Since the bunch width of thecyclotron beam is very short, it generates many harmonics
and the higher order harmonics have almost the same power
as the fundamental one (36.5 MHz). It is advantageous toobserve higher order harmonics, since the ambient noise
generally decreases with increasing frequency.
In order for the transformer to measure a current passing
through its center, the wall current imaging the ion beam
must be diverted around the outside of the device. The
beam pipe of 63.5 mm diameter is electrically isolated by a
PEEK sleeve of 4 mm width and the FCT is mounted close
to the gap. A SUS304 box cover, shown in Fig. 2, forms the
FCT electrostatic shielding as well as the electrical＊1＊2

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
SHI Accelerator Service, Ltd.

Fig. 2 Mechanical drawing of FCT box cover.
connection between the interrupted beam pipe outside the
FCT. The signal from the FCT is sent to a low-noise
preamplifier (model SA-230F5) produced by NF
corporation. The gain of the preamplifier is 46 dB. The
signals obtained from the preamplifier were measured by aspectrum analyzer.

Fig. 3 Power spectrum of 48Ca16+ beam of 2.1 euA detected- 139 -

by the FCT.
The result is shown in Fig. 3. As expected, it isadvantageous to observe higher order harmonics, since theambient noise decreases with increasing frequency. In the
future, beam current calibration will be done against a
Faraday cup or an additional FCT one-turn coil which astandard current flows through.

- 140 -㻃㻃
㻃 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㻃

Radiatio n mo nitoring in the SR C using an ioniz atio n chambe r.
M. Nakamura, H. Fukuda, K. Yamada and M. Kase
Recently, experiments of the RIBF using the SRC weresuccessfully performed. Nevertheless, beam  loss was
still a serious problem from the first experiment. To detect
the beam loss, we can monitor radiation generated by theinteraction of ion beams with accelerator components.
However, the radiation is too intense to use the usual
detectors. Therefore, we have made an ionization chamber
which has quite a simple structure and is solidly built. For
this report, we tried to monitor radiation from the SRC
during beam extraction using this ionization chamber.
The size of the ionization chamber was 400 mm x 250
mm x 80 mm. Two electrodes were included in thechamber. One electrode was for high voltage (HV), andthe other was an ion collector for when radiation enters theionization chamber. Al plates with 1.5 mm thickness wereused for the electrodes. The size of the electrode was 200
mm x 360 mm. These two electrodes were placed at 25mm interval. The chamber was not built as a vacuum
chamber and was filled only with air. Hence, we candetect the ion current of air in this chamber, generated byradiations from the SRC.

were accelerated.
The radiation could be strongly
observed in the tangent direction of the ion beam.
Therefore, the ionization chamber was set on the under sideand in the diagonally forward direction of the EDC
irradiated by the ion beam.
The location of ionization chamber is shown in Fig. 1 a)and b). The bottom of the HV terminal of the EDC wasabout 50 cm under the center of the EDC electrodes in thevalley chamber. The bottom of the ionization chamber
was set nearly as high as the bottom of the HV terminal(shown in Fig.1 a)). The distance between the center ofthe HV terminal and the ionization chamber was about 1 m(shown in Fig. 1 b)). A few stainless steel walls arepresent between the electrodes of the EDC and theionization chamber.
FLUKE 415B was used for the power supply to the HVelectrode. An ADVANTEST R8240 digital-electrometer
was used for the monitor which transforms current between
the two electrodes into voltage.
A YOKOGAWA
MX-100 was used for data acquisition of R8240
electrometer. Data was captured every 0.1 seconds.
We monitored radiation during RIBF operation from㼄㻌㻃 㻃
December 5 to 25, 2008. During this operation, 48Ca was㻃㻨㼏㼈㼆㼗㼕㼒㼇㼈㼖㻃㼒㼉㻃㻨㻧㻦㻃 㻃㻃㻹㼄㼏㼏㼈㼜㻃㼆㼋㼄㼐㼅㼈㼕㻃accelerated to 345 Mev/nucleon. During this period, 1 kV
voltage was always supplied to the HV electrode of the㻃㻃㻃㻥㼈㼄㼐㻃 㻃ionization chamber.
Figure 2 a) and b) show examples of the observed data㻃㻃㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻃 㻘㻓㼆㼐㻃 㻺㼄㼏㼏㻃 㻃recorded㻃㻃㻃㻃by the data-logger.
In these figures, the㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃horizontal axis shows the observation period and thevertical axis shows the voltage monitored by the㻬㼒㼑㼌㼝㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼆㼋㼄㼐㼅㼈㼕㻃 㻃㻫㻹㻃㼗㼈㼕㼐㼌㼑㼄㼏㻃㼒㼉㻃㻨㻧㻦㻃 㻃㻃electrometer. For the vertical axis of these figures, 0.01 V
corresponds to 1 nA of current generated between the HV
䠴䟻㻃
㻃
㻃
㻃
㻃and collector electrodes. In the period shown in Fig. 2 a),48
㻬㼒㼑㼌㼝㼄㼗㼌㼒㼑㻃㼆㼋㼄㼐㼅㼈㼕㻃 㻃㻃㻃㻃the Ca beam was accelerated. In the period shown in Fig.
2 b), the ion beam was stopped. The difference between㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃Fig. 2 a) and b) is clearly evident.
㻃㻃㻃㻃㻃 In Fig. 2 b), we can not observe any significant signals.
On the other hand, in Fig. 2 a), we can observe about 14 nA
㻃
㻔㼐㻃 㻃
㻃
㻃of current at the maximum value and about 6-7 nA at theto ion㻥㼈㼄㼐㻃 㻃㻃㻥㼈㼄㼐㻃 㻃average value. These current values correspondgeneration caused by radiation from the 48Ca beam㻫㻹㻃㼗㼈㼕㼐㼌㼑㼄㼏㻃㼒㼉㻃㻨㻧㻦㻃 㻃㻃㻃㻃interacting with SRC components (mainly, EDC).
At this stage, the radionuclide observed by the ionizationchamber can not be identified. However, considering the
Fig. 1. Location of ionization chamber.
penetrating power of the radiation and ion-pair formation ofa) Side view. b)View from lower part.
air, we presume that protons entered chamber and ionized
the air. If we assume the ion-current was made by 100
Strong radiation was generated from the septum of the
MeV/nucleon protons and ionization loss of protons waselectrostatic deflector (EDC) in the SRC when ion beams
about 1 Mev, then 6-7 nA of current could be generated- 141 -

by about 6x106 protons/s.
In this experiment, we were at least able to observe theradiation from SRC using this “simply-made” ionizationchamber. By detecting the voltage of the ionizationchamber, we can also adjust the RIBF components (mainly,

456789,-.43

  a)

EDC in SRC) at the best location and the beam-loss of
RIBF smaller. For the next stage, we plan to set someionization chambers in RIBF and monitor the beam-loss atthese positions simultaneously.



"#(%
"#($
"#("
"#"'
"#"&
"#"%
"#"$
"#""
!"#"$

)*+,-.$""'/($/(&-(01(2!(01%"356789:,-.54

  b)

"#(%
"#($
"#("
"#"'
"#"&
"#"%
"#"$
"#""
!"#"$

)*+,-.$""'/($/(0-123&!("2"34
Fig. 2. Observed values of ionization chamber during RIBF commissioning.
    a) 48Ca beam was emitted.  b) Ion beam was stopped.

- 142 -

 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Performance Tests of Old Power Supplies in RIBF
Makoto Nagase, Nobuhisa Fukunishi, Seiji Fukuzawa*1, Eiji Ikezawa, Keiko Kumagai,
Kazuyoshi Yadomi*1, Hiroshi Watanabe and Masayuki Kase
Magnet power supplies of RIKEN Ring Cyclotrons (RRC)
and its beam transport system1) have been used for morethan 20 years and we carried over these power supplies in
RIBF accelerator complex. As a natural consequence oftwenty years operation, we have experienced troubles onthese power supplies several times, for example, leakage ofwater caused by corrosion of cooling water pipe.
As reported in Ref. 2, we started measurements on theaccuracies, linearities and stabilities of these old power
supplies last year. The main purpose of the measurements is
to determine precisely the operation parameters of themagnets. These measurements also give us important
information on deterioration of magnet power supplies.
Hence, we continued measurements for a part of remaining
old power supplies in 2008. Measurements were performed
one by one during the periods in which beam services to
RIBF users were not scheduled, because stability
measurements require long time.
We employed high precision DC current transformers(DCCT)3,4) in the measurements as reported in Ref. 2.
Accuracies of setting currents and long-term stabilities are
directly measured by the DCCT employed. The linearity is
estimated by increasing or decreasing the current with aconstant rate as described in Ref. 2. The observed
accuracies and stabilities are summarized in Table 1. The
accuracies of the power supplies, which are defined as thedifferences between the setting currents and the actual
output currents observed by the DCCT, were less than 1.7%
for all the magnets except for the quadrupole magnet
QTD12a. The reason of the observed large difference is thata trimmer potentiometer, which determines the maximum
output current, was broken or accidentally moved to theimproper value. For other magnets, observed accuracies arewithin the acceptable level.
Table 1. Summary of accuracy and stability tests performed
in 2009.
MagnetCurrent

Maximum

Error of

Stability

exitedsensorcurrent(A)current













QTF41aZeranin151.87-1.51%

51ppm/5H

QTF41b

Zeranin151.83-1.53%

39ppm/5H

QTF41cZeranin151.94-1.35%

15ppm/13H

QTF01aZeranin

151.8-1.59%

35ppm/13H

QTF01b

Zeranin

151.8-1.15%

37ppm/7H

QTF01cZeranin

151.9-1.28%

67ppm/7H

DMDA

DCCT

303.75-1.46%

8ppm/14H

DMAB

DCCT

300

0.12%

16ppm/14H

SWMC

DCCT

303.8

-1.55%

9ppm/8H

QTA01aQTA01b

Zeranin263-0.07%

10ppm/14H

Zeranin

262.8

0.11%

193ppm/14H

DAA1
DMA1

DCCT

400

-0.28%

13ppm/13H

DCCT

303.55-1.41%

5ppm/4H

QTA11aZeranin

151.9-1.25%

26ppm/13H

QTA11b

Zeranin

151.8

0.02%

189ppm/13H

QTA11cZeranin

151.5-1.00%

17ppm/7H

QTD12aZeranin

152

5.29%

173ppm/7H

QTD12b

Zeranin

152.05-1.04%

45ppm/7H

QTD12cZeranin152.45-0.34%

79ppm/7H

QTD13aZeranin

152.1-0.41%

19ppm/7H

QTD13b

Zeranin

152.1-0.14%

39ppm/7H

QTD13cZeranin152-0.46%

26ppm/10H

QTD14aZeranin

151.8-0.32%

39ppm/10H

QTD14b

Zeranin

151.8-0.27%

115ppm/13H

QTD14cZeranin151.750.00%

152ppm/13H

QTD15aZeranin152-0.39%

30ppm/16H

QTD15b

Zeranin151.81-0.25%

131ppm/16H

QTD15cZeranin151.81-0.29%

30ppm/6H

QTD16aZeranin151.82

0.81%

37ppm/6H

QTD16b

Zeranin151.81-0.43%

13ppm/16H

QTD16cZeranin151.81

0.79%

23ppm/16H

QTD17aZeranin151.85-1.57%

21ppm/7H

QTD17b

Zeranin

152.3-0.43%

49ppm/7H

QTD17cZeranin

152.1-1.40%

35ppm/15H

QTD18aZeranin

152

0.14%

54ppm/15H

QTD18b

Zeranin

152.4-1.64%

11ppm/8H

QTD18cZeranin

152.5-0.72%

33ppm/8H

DAD4

DCCT

400

-0.23%

9ppm/4H

DMD4

DCCT

303.85-1.53%

6ppm/4H

The stabilities of the power supplies are important for
stable operation of RIBF accelerator complex. For dipole
magnets (DMDA, DMAB, SWMC, DMA1, DAA1, DAD4,
DMD4), the observed stabilities were less than 20 ppm
during the measurements. This good performance was a
result of the improvement of the current feedback systemfinished in 2005 as reported in Ref. 5. We adopted DCCT’s
as current sensors instead of old shunt resistors and alsostabilized the temperature of the current-feedback systemusing Peltier coolers.
For quadrupole magnets, observed stabilities were lessthan 100 ppm during the measurements except for fivequadrupole magnets (QTA01b, QTD12a, QTD14b,
QTD15b). The worst one was 193 ppm for 14 hours in the- 143 -

3.0
2.5

case of QTA01b. This value is acceptable for RIBF
operation, but it means the power supply of QTA01b wasvery unstable compared with other old power supplies. For
closer inspection, results of the stability measurements wereshown in Fig. 1 compared with the result of QTA01a. Notethat both power supplies are of the same design and weremade at the same time. The observed instability for
QTA01b may come from deterioration of circuit elements
used in the current-feedback system, which is an example ofaging problem

2.0

(A)

1.5
1.0

current difference (A)observed current / 100 (A)

0.5
0.0
-0.5
-1.0

0:15:00:00

0:15:30:00

0:16:00:00

0:16:30:00

0:17:00:00

Time (hh:mm:ss)200

Fig. 2 Result of linearity test for QTA01b power supply.
The current difference is defined as (Iset – Iobs), Iset
implies the setting current and Iobs the observed current
measured by the DCCT. In the figure, the excitation current
is also shown with the scaling factor of 1/100.

QTA01aQTA01b150

Stability (ppm)

100
50

Results of a series of measurements performed in 2007
and 2008 will be used not only for the database of
calculation-based operation but also for the basic
information which determines a maintenance plan andreplacements of deteriorated power supplies in the near
future.

0
-50

-100

0

200

400
600
Time (minutes)

800

1000

Fig. 1 Observed stabilities for QTA01a and QTA01b power
supplies.
We also illustrate an example of a linearity test of the
QTA01b power supply in Fig. 2. The maximum linearity
error observed was 0.6A, which corresponds to 0.23%. It isalso within the acceptable level.

References(1) K. Hatanaka et al., Proc. 11th Int. Conf. On Cyclotrons
and Their Applications, 384 (1986).
(2) M. Nagase et al., Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 103 (2008)(3) http://www.ppmpower.co.uk/manuprod25.htm (HITEC
power protection)(4) http://www.danfysik.com/ (DANFYSIK)(5) M. Nagase et al., Accel. Prog. Rep. 37, 273 (2003)- 144 -

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            


        
      
        
         
         


     
       
      
       
         
                                         
               
               
                        
                   


        
        


        
       
         
         
         
                           
     
  



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







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


        
                 
           
 
     
         
                
        
                    
                 


                     
                







 
 

                
    
                                      
                       
     

                  



       














                     
     
               


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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Computer modelling of the nitrogen, oxygen, and proton acceleration in RIKEN
AVF cyclotron
S. B. Vorozhtsov,*1 A. S. Vorozhtsov,*1 E. E. Perepelkin,*1 S. Watanabe,*2 S. Kubono,*2 and A. Goto

The project to upgrade the AVF cyclotron is being
conducted by a collaboration of the Center for Nuclear
Study (CNS) of the University of Tokyo, the Joint Institutefor Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna, Russia), and RIKEN. 1)
The present study is focused on the formulation of the newacceleration regimes and a beam extraction study in the
AVF cyclotron by detailed orbit simulations. The newacceleration regimes include: the expansion of theacceleration energy region of light ions towards higher
energies in the existing rf harmonics equal to 2, and themodification of the center geometry for the rf harmonics
equal to 1 to make it possible to accelerate protons atseveral tens of MeV. The current status of the AVF
Cyclotron computer model, used for calculations, isdescribed elsewhere. 2), 3)
The simulation of injection and acceleration of 7
MeV/nucleon 14N5+ ion beam was performed in order toobtain better calibration of the simulations vs. the recently
conducted experiment. 2) Assessment of losses from thebuncher entrance until the initial 20th turn in the cyclotron
was carried out. The estimation produced particle losses allalong this passage at the level of ~ 66% which corresponds
to the measurement of 60-70 %.
The simulation of the 14N5+ extraction was also carriedout by taking into account the 3D modeling results ofelectromagnetic fields of the extraction system. The
extraction system consists of: harmonic coils (HC), an
electrostatic deflector (ESD), a magnetic channel (MC) anda gradient corrector (GC). The layout of the extraction
system is shown in Fig. 1. Upstream of the ESD the turnpattern showed that some overlapping of the bunches at theneighboring orbits took place. As a result, the beam was
extracted with multi-turn extraction as shown in Fig. 2. The
transmission efficiency through the ESD was approximately
80 %.
In order to increase the 16O7+ ion energy, which had been
limited to less than about 10 MeV/nucleon due to thevoltage available (below 50 kV), up to 11 MeV/u, changing
the injection beam phase at the 1st acceleration gap fromthe original design value of – 30°RF to – 8°RF as well as
the corresponding currents of the innermost trim coil was
proposed. In this way the energy gain at the 1st turn wasincreased, permitting the beam to clear the channel
immediately after passing through the exit of the inflector.
In the actual beam test, 11 MeV/nucleon was succesfully
achieved with the presently available voltage of 49 kV.
The first attempt to simulate the acceleration of 60 MeV
proton beam in the 1st rf harmonics mode was carried out.
Clearly, with the realistic dee voltage of about 50 kV
particles would be lost in the channel, since the existing*1*2

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo

structure of the center region was designed for the 2nd
harmonics, not for the 1st. Thus, the substantial redesign ofthe central electrode structure is needed to accelerate
protons with reasonable values of the dee voltages.
Nevertheless, to see how protons will be accelerated
downstream of the channel, the rf phase excursion during
the acceleration until the final energy was simulated using
the realistic voltage of 50 kV. The simulation demonstrated
a good quality of the magnetic field generated.
References
1) S. B. Vorozhtsov et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 92 (2007).
2) S. B. Vorozhtsov et al.: Proc. XXI Russian Acc. Conf.
(RuPAC2008), Zvenigorod, Russia, 2008, p.51-53.
3) E. E. Perepelkin and S. B. Vorozhtsov: Proc. XXI Russian Acc.
Conf. (RuPAC2008), Zvenigorod, Russia, 2008, p.40-42

- 147 -

Fig. 1. Layout of the extraction system along with theharmonic coils.

Fig. 2. Simulation of the beam bunches in theextraction region.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Low Energy Beam Transport of 127 kV U35+ on 100 kV Cockcroft
Y. Sato,∗1 M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, A. Goto, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase, T. Nakagawa,J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, and Y. Watanabe
We are going to construct a new beam line to inject 127 kV U35+ beams into the RILAC at RIKEN.
The beam line from our new ECR ion source (ECRIS)
to the RILAC has two sections, a low energy beamtransport (LEBT) section and a medium energy beamtransport (MEBT) section. The LEBT section is fromthe ECRIS to an acceleration tube, and it is on a 100
kV Cockcroft. The MEBT section is from the acceleration tube to the RILAC. The ECRIS has 27 kV higher
voltage than the Cockcroft stage. Oxygen is used as
supporting gas at the ECRIS. The ECRIS produces
U35+ , other charged states of U ions, and O ions.
After passing a 90 degree analyzing magnet and ahorizontal slit the U35+ beam is separated and goes
into the acceleration tube. The acceleration tube connects the 100 kV Cockcroft stage and ground level.
After the acceleration tube, the 127 kV U35+ beam istransported through 13.6 m MEBT up to the RILAC.
The LEBT consists of the 28 GHz superconducting ECRIS, a solenoid, a positioning box, a steerer
upstream, the 90 degree analyzing bending dipole, asteerer downstream, a horizontal and vertical slit, diagnostics, and the acceleration tube (Fig. 1). It is

Fig. 1. Beam line of U35+ on 100 kV high voltage terminal. Acceleration tube connects the terminal and theground.

1.4 m from an ECRIS plasma electrode to the bending
dipole entrance. This dipole has a bending radius of
ρ = 510 mm, point to point focusing capability andsextupole components the same as the Venus type at
LBNL1) . The Horizontal slit position is 1.02 m down∗1yoichisato@riken.jp

stream from the bending dipole exit.
We used FEMM2) , IGUN3) , OPERA and KOBRA4)
codes for LEBT simulation. FEMM is a 2D electricfield and magnetic field software. IGUN simulates
plasma sheath of an ion source under cylindrical extraction voltage. OPERA is a 3D electric field andmagnetic field software. KOBRA simulates 3D trajectory of ions under electric and magnetic fields, including space charge effect. The Solenoidal field of ECRIS
and following solenoid was calculated by using FEMM.
IGUN was used from the plasma electrode to the 2nd
extraction electrode, with 100% space charge effect of
total ion beam current 10 emA. We assumed that theion current of the supporting gas O has the same ratio
as RIKEN 18GHz ECRIS data5) . KOBRA was usedfrom the 2nd extraction electrode to the slit. This area
was treated with 20% space charge effect, and the total
ion beam current in simulation is 2 emA. The amountof space charge effect in the area is an unknown factor. It has been estimated from 1% to 20% by several
groups1)4) . The 3D magnetic field around the bending
dipole was calculated with OPERA. The calculated 3D
magnetic field was imported into the KOBRA simulation.

Fig. 2. Horizontal emittance diagram at 1020 mm after the
analyzing dipole. U36+ , U35+ and U34+ are in orderfrom left.

By using the emittance diagrams at the slit are
shown in Fig. 2 and 3, we can distinguish U35+ fromother charged states of U ions. We are going to use
this LEBT for uranium ions Fall in 2009 with a 18
GHz microwave source. From this measurement wewill find the real amount of space charge effect. We
can provide reasonable feedback to optimize our future
LEBT, which will be constructed in FY2010.

- 148 -

1

Fig. 3. Vertical emittance diagram at 1020 mm after the
analyzing dipole.

References
1) D. Leitner, et. al. PAC 05, 179 (2005).
2) D. Meeker: in Finite Element Method Magnetics, User’s Manual  (http://femm.foster-miller.net/Archives/doc/manual42.pdf).
3) R. Becker and W. B. Herrmannsfeldt: Rev. Sci. Instrum.63, 2756 (1992).
4) P. Spaedtke and C. Muhle, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71, 820(2000).
5) Y. Sato, H. Higurashi et. al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep
41, 88 (2007).

2- 149 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Space Charge effects in the RILAC II
H. Okuno, T. Fujinawa, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, A. Goto, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase,
T. Nakagawa, J. Ohnishi, Y. Sato, Y. Watanabe, S. Yokouchi, Y. Yano

A new 28GHz superconducting ECR ion source has
been constructed mainly to increase intensity of theuranium beam. The ion source is designed to have aslarge a plasma volume as 1100 cm3 [1, 2] and expected
to produce U35+ ions at an intensity of more than 15
pPA, which is necessary to obtain 1 pPA beams fromthe SRC. This new ECR will take all the succeeding
accelerators and beam transport lines to a space charge
dominant regime, especially the front end section,
which should be carefully looked at again to avoid
emittance growth caused by space charge forces. The
RILAC II, which is now in design, should allow
efficient accelerations of ion beams from the powerful
new ion source in order to avoid the emittance growths
caused by their space charge forces. In this paper,
preliminary results of the beam dynamics simulations
for the RILAC II using TRACK codes [3] will bereported with brief discussions.
Figure 1 shows a plan for the new injector RILAC II
which is designed to accelerate ions with a mass-tocharge ratio of 7, aiming at heavy ions such as 84Kr13+,
136
Xe20+ and 238U35+, up to an energy of 680
keV/nucleon. It consists mainly of the SC-ECR, an
RFQ linac based on the four rod structure, a low
energy beam line (LEBT) between extraction from thesource and entrance to the RFQ and a drift-tube linac(DTL) based on three quarter-wavelength resonators(QWR) [4]. Using the TRACK code, we simulated
beam dynamics in the LEBT, RFQ and DTL.
The LEBT, before charge selection, consists of an
extraction region, a glaser solenoid focusing lens, anda 90 degree bending analyzing magnet for charge
selection. The bending radius and edge angle of theFig. 2: Emittance plot of U35+ at the end of the LEBT in
the case of 50% neutralization of the space charge forces.

bending magnet are selected to be 510 mm and 27
degree, respectively, to provide double focusing. First,
the separation of U(34+), U(35+) and U(36+) at the
selection point was checked at the 0 mA limit, showing
good separation of the three charge states. However,more realistic simulations should include space charge
forces from not only uranium ions themselves, but also
the other ion species extracted from the ion sources.
U(35+) and five O(2+, 3+, 4+, 5+, 6+) ions were
simultaneously transported through the LEBT,
assuming different neutralization factors by electrons
from residual gases. The ion beam was assumed toconsist of 0.5 mA of U35+, 1.4 mA of O2+, 2.5 mA of
O3+, 2.6 mA of O4+, 1.9 mA of O5+ and 1.6 mA of O6+.
The calculation results show that emittance of the U
beam grows with large distortion as the neutralization
factor decreases. For example Fig. 2 shows anemittance plot in the horizontal and vertical directionin the case of 50 % neutralization. Fig. 3 summarizes
the emittance versus the neutralization factor.

28GHz

SC-ECRIS

RFQ(4-rod)36.6 MHzDTL1 ~ 3(QWR)
36.6 MHz

Rebuncher36.6 MHzSOLTQ SOLDQ DQPrebuncher
18.25 MHz0100 keV/u

to
RRC
TQ

TQ

680 keV/u

3m
30 kW

30 kW

30 kW

30 kW

Fig. 3: Normalized emittance in the horizontal andvertical direction at the exit of the LEBT is listed versus
neutralization factor of the space charge forces.

Fig. 1: A plan of the new injector RILAC II.

- 150 -

Transmission
Trap efficiency(%)(%)
0.0 mA
68.9
86.7
0.5 mA
50.2
81.1
Table 1: Transmission and trap efficiency of the ion
beams from the selection slit to the exit of the RFQ.

Fig. 4: Beam dynamics from the selection slits in the
LEBT to the exit of the RFQ.

After the selection of the U35+ the ion beams aretransported to the entrance of the RFQ. The
components and the position of the section in the
LEBT are shown in Fig. 4. They are designed byintensive study using TRANSPORT by Sato [6]. The
field strength of each element was tuned so as to fit
twiss parameters of the beams to the matchingconditions at the entrance of the RFQ using TRACE3D[7]. A beam buncher is also installed in this section to
make the beam bunch with 18.25 MHz which is thefundamental frequency of the RIBF accelerator
complex. The voltage and position of the buncher
should be optimized so as to maximize efficiency ofbeams trapped in the proper separatorix because theRFQ is operated in the second harmonic of the 18.25
MHz. Beam dynamics in the part of the LEBT after theselection slit and RFQ were simulated using TRACK
code in order to estimate the trap efficiency in thecases of 0.0A and 0.5mA, changing the voltage of thebuncher. An input file of its vane structure for TRACK
was made by DESRFQ [8] code. Fig. 4 shows a resultin the case of 0.5mA. Transmission and trap efficiency
are listed in Table 1. Fig 5 shows bunch shapes whichgive the maximum transmission in the cases of 0.0mA
and 0.5 mA. Even distorted bunch shape due to spacecharge forces can gives an efficiency of more than80%.
Beam dynamics in the DTL were also simulated. The
model of the DTL consists of the rf gaps and drift
spaces with beam rebunchers and two quadrupole

doublets. Fig. 6 shows the simulation results in thecase of 0.5 mA. The results for the both cases of 0 mA
and 0.5 mA do not differ so much, indicating that
680keV/u is high enough to avoid the emittance
growth caused by their space charge forces.
In summary, we simulated beam dynamics in the
LEBT, RFQ and DTL for RILAC II using the TRACK
code. Simulations for LEBT before the selection slit
show that the neutralization factor of space charge
force largely depends on emittance at the slit. Trap
efficiency in the proper separatorix of the RFQ is notaffected by the space charge force in the LEBT somuch. We should, however, take care whether
emittance growth at the exit of the RFQ has an affecton the transmission in the succeeding accelerator. Thisis under analysis. Simulations for the DTL showed thatspace charge effect in the DTL is not so large.

Fig. 6: Beam dynamics of the DTL with short MEBT
including a re-buncher.

Reference[1] T. Nakagawa, et. al., High Energy Physics andNuclear Physics 31 (2007) 133.
[2] J. Ohnishi, et. al., High Energy Physics and Nuclear
Physics 31 (2007) 37.
[3] P.N. Ostroumov, V.N. Aseev, and B. Mustapha.,
Phys. Rev. ST. Accel. Beams 7, 090101 (2004).
[4] O. Kamigaito, et. al., 3rd Ann. Meeting of PASJ and
31th Linac meeting in Japan, Sendai, (2006) 502.
[5] H. Fujisawa, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A345 (1994) 23.
[6] Y. Sato, et. al., in this proceedings.
[7] K. R. Crandall, Los Alamos Report, No. LA-11054MS, 1987.
[8] A.A. Kolomiets, et. al., ITEP report, 2001.

Fig.5: Longitudinal emittance plots at the entrance of the
RFQ in the case of 0.0 mA and 0.5mA- 151 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Medium Energy Beam Transport System from the New Superconducting ECRIon Source to RILAC
H. Okuno, T. Fujinawa, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, A. Goto, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase,
T. Nakagawa, J. Ohnishi, Y. Sato, Y. Watanabe, S. Yokouchi, Y. Yano

The challenging superconducting coils for the new
28GHz ECR ion source [1] were successfully excitedin 2008. [2] The ion source is designed to have as large
a plasma volume as 1100 cm3 , so as to produce U35+
ions at an intensity of more than 15 pPA, which isnecessary to obtain 1 pPA beams from the SRC. Beamtests will start in 2009. This new powerful ion source
will be put on a 100kV deck so that extracted beams
from the source can be directly injected to the RILAC,
skipping the RFQ in the uranium acceleration in orderto enjoy the high intensity uranium beams as soon as
possible. The existing acceleration scheme requires
low frequency operation of the RFQ pre-injector at
18.25 MHz and extraction voltage as low as 5 kV in
the uranium acceleration. High power beams
accelerated by the extraction voltage of 5 kV steadily
grow up due to their space charge forces in the low
energy transport line. This direct injection to the
RILAC of extracted ion beams accelerated by the highvoltage of 127 kV is expected to suppress theemittance growth in the low energy beam transportsystem because in general space charge effect is
proportional to the cube of ion velocity. Furthermore
this plan is easy for us to be realised because we canuse the room for the former injector to the RILAC,
450kV Cockroft-Walton as shown in Fig. 1. Also, theexisting operation will not be interrupted for long
periods due to installation.
This project requires making the LEBT (Low Energy
Beam Transport system), reformation of the HV
terminal, the acceleration tube and the MEBT
(Medium energy transport system), including thebeam diagnosis and the vacuum system. The main
component of the LEBT is the analyzing magnet

Table 1: Initial parameters and matching condition usedin the simulations. Normalized emittance Hn, twiss
parameters D an E are listed in each section.
(a) MEBT Kinetic energy: 18.676 keV/u
Ion: U35+
Hn (cm mrad)DE(cm/rad)

Horizontal

0.041542-0.6635

340

Vertical

0.041542-0.6635340(b) Matching condition with at the entrance of RILAC
Ion: U35+
Hn (cm mrad)DE(cm/rad)Horizontal

0.5743

22.69

Vertical

0.0872132.3

which has the function of correcting aberrations in thehorizontal and vertical direction. It was successfully
fabricated after the study of the beam dynamics in the
LEBT including space charge forces. [2] The
reformation of the HV terminal including replacementof the insulating support rods, started before
installation of the superconducting magnets for the
28GHz ECR ion source. A prehab room, which isnecessary for the radiation control, was made after the
installation of the ion source. Ion beams from ion
sources accelerate by 100 kV through the accelerationtube, the detailed design of which is in progress. The
BEAM AT NEL1=
1
H A=-0.66349
B= 3.4064
V A=-0.66349
B= 3.4064

30.000 mm

X

Z A= 3.67200E-02

30.000 mrad

I=
0.0mA
W= 4.4450
4.4450 MeV
FREQ= 18.25MHz WL=*******mm
EMITI= 65.600 65.600 700.00
EMITO= 65.603 65.600 700.27
N1=
1 N2= 53
PRINTOUT VALUES
PP PE
VALUE
MATCHING TYPE = 8
DESIRED VALUES (BEAMF)
alpha
beta
x
0.57400.2270y
0.08731.3230MATCH VARIABLES (NC=4)
MPP MPE
VALUE
1 25-1.35220
1 27 1280.00000
1 32
17.50000
1 34 115.00000

B= 0.33845

CODE: Trace 3-D v69ly
FILE: MEBTnewest090223.t3d
DATE: 02/23/2009
TIME: 15:38:50

30.000 Deg X
100.00 keV
NP1=
1
50.00 mm (Horiz)
30.0 Deg (Long.)

1

Q Q Q
2 3456789101112 1350.00 mm (Vert)

Figure 1: A plan of the new injector.

14

Q Q
1516171819 20

BEAM AT NEL2= 53
H A=-0.26596
B= 0.17934
V A=-0.15196
B= 0.85610

30.000 mm

10.000 Deg

Q Q
21 2223242526

27

28 29 30

Q Q
31 3233343536 37

X

30.000 mrad

Z A= 15.416

Q Q
38 3940414243 44

45

B= 80.697

X

10000.00 keV
NP2= 5346

Q Q
474849505152 53

Length= 13497.90mm

Figure 2 Beam envelope in the MEBT. Emittance plots at its entrance andexit are also shown in the upper parts.

- 152 -

Fig.3 Longitudinal emittance plots at the exit of the MEBT withlongitudinal acceptance of the RILAC.

detailed designs of MEBT are also in progress
following the study of the beam dynamics [3,4].
The latter part of this report concentrates on thesimulation of the beam dynamics in the MEBT and
RILAC using TRACK [4]. Table 3 summarizes initialconditions at the entrance of the MEBT and matchingconditions at the entrance of the RILAC.
After the ion beams from the LEBT are accelerated in
the accelerating tube, they are transported to theentrance of the RILAC through the MEBT. In the
MEBT DC beams from the ion source are bunched in
the two 1st harmonics bunchers so that the RILAC canaccept the beams effectively. The model consists of 13
quadrupole magnets and two 60 degree bending
magnets. The first buncher is placed before the two
bending magnets which allow doubly achromatic beamtransportation and the last buncher is installed about 1
m before the entrance of the RILAC. Thisconfiguration is finalized following intensive study of
beam dynamics using TRANSPORT [3]. The field
gradients of the quadrupole magnets were obtained
from the simulation using TRACE 3D [5] so that the
Twiss parameters of emittance ellipses at the entranceof the RILAC match those of the acceptance ellipses.

Fig. 3 shows bunched phase plot from a simulation
result using TRACK code. Longitudinal acceptance of
the RILAC is also shown in the figure indicating thatabout 51% of the DC beams can be accepted by the
RILAC. The RILAC consists of six variable-frequency
cavities. The model treated the motion in the rf gaps
with the impulse approximation; with sinusoidally
varying voltage, it was assumed the ions gained kinetic
energy at the midgap where they were exposed to therf defocusing force at the same time. The validity ofthis approximation in such a low energy region should
be checked by comparison with results using more
realistic models. The model also includes thequadrupole magnets embedded in the drift tubes andinserted between the tanks. Fig. 4 shows the simulation
results from the entrance of the MEBT to the exit of
the RILAC in the case of 0mA. Total transmission
efficiency of about 50% seems to be determined not bytransversal but longitudinal acceptance.
In summary, beam dynamics simulations in the
RILAC with MEBT were carried out using TRACK inorder to check the matching conditions at the entranceof the RILAC and longitudinal acceptance in the
RILAC. Simulation results in the case of 0 mA are
consistent with the former studies on beam dynamics
in the RILAC. Simulations including space charge
forces in the case of non zero current are in progress.
Reference
1) T. Nakagawa, et. al., in this report.
2) J. Ohnishi, et. al., in this report.
3) Y. Sato, et. al., in this report.
4) Y. Watanabe, et at., in this report
4) P.N. Ostroumov, V.N. Aseev, and B. Mustapha.,
Phys. Rev. ST. Accel. Beams 7, 090101 (2004).
5) K. R. Crandall, Los Alamos Report, No. LA-11054MS, 1987.

Fig.4 A simulation result for MEBT+RILAC.
- 153 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)








Takeshi Kanesue,䋪1 Jun Tamura,䋪2 Masahiro Okamura䋪3
A Laser ion source (LIS) is a candidate for the primary ion
source of the RHIC EBIS which is a future heavy ion
injector for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and NASASpace Radiation Laboratory.1) A low charge state, lowemittance and high ion yield laser ion source using a highpower Nd:YAG laser with a defocused laser beam is being
studied as the primary ion source for the RHIC EBIS.2)
During RHIC EBIS operation, the primary ion source
provides singly charged ions and the RHIC EBIS enhances
the charge state of ions. Since this EBIS will be capable ofchanging ion species on a pulse by pulse basis, the primary
ion source is also required to change ions on a pulse bypulse basis.
A laser ion source produces ions by pulsed high power
laser irradiation onto a solid state target. Ion species can bechanged by controlling the laser path to other target species.
The target is rapidly heated, vaporized and becomes aplasma called laser ablation plasma. Then the plasma
expands adiabatically perpendicular to the target surface.
Generally, a laser ion source is used for highly charged highcurrent ion production with minimal laser spot size toachieve higher power density on the target. However, alaser ion source can be optimized for singly charged, lowenergy ion production suitable for providing seed ions forcharge bleeding by decreasing the power density. Since theproperties of laser produced plasma are different fordifferent species, laser power density for singly charged ion
production should be verified experimentally for eachatomic species.
We measured plasma properties of C, Al, Si, Fe, Fe, Ta
and Au targets using the second harmonics of Nd:YAG laser(532 nm wave length, up to 0.5 J / 6 ns). The relationshipbetween power density and plasma total current wasmeasured while changing laser power density by controlling
laser spot size on the target. Results of this experimentshow that singly charged ion dominant beams can beproduced from all of the species mentioned above. For
example, over 95 % of ions are singly charged ions below 9
108 W / cm2 in case of Au. The details of this experimentare given in 3).
The emittance of the Au beam was measured using a
pepper pot emittance monitor4). Laser power density andextraction conditions were chosen to achieve sufficientparticles as a primary ion source for this experiment basedon singly charged ion production experiment. A laser power
density of 1.7108 W / cm2 was used for this experiment.
The plasma drifting length and extraction aperture diameter䋪1

Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering,
Kyushu University
䋪2
Department of Energy Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology
䋪3
Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York, USA

were 1.60 m and 18 mm, respetively. The estimated numberof particles, peak current and pulse duration were 1.91011,
0.28 mA and 110 µs, respectively.
The experimental set up was modified for emittancemeasurement experiment. A 25.4 cm long extraction
column with a movable intermediate electrode was placed
1.6 m away from the target. A gridded lens, 5) which is anelectrical lens to focus the ion beam, was locateddownstream of the insulator. A pepper pot was located at a
distance of 2.4 m from the target. The target chamberincluding the target and plasma drift chamber was biased to
16 kV to extract ions from the plasma.
Normalized RMS emittance was 0.025 π mm mrad after
optimization of the gridded lens voltage, intermediate
electrode position and voltage. This value is comparable tothe hollow cathode ion source (HCIS) used as the primary
ion source for the RHIC-EBIS test stand, although thecurrent from the HSIS was typically several tens of micro
amperes which is about an order of magnitude lower thanthat of LIS. Figure 1 shows the measured horizontal phasespace diagram processed by software developed for the
pepper pot. It was found that the laser ion source can beused as a primary ion source for the RHIC-EBIS.
We are grateful for the supports of E. Beebe and A. Pikinof Brookhaven National Laboratory.














Fig. 1. Measured horizontal phase space using Au target
with 16 kV extraction voltage
References
1) J. Alessi, et. al.: Proc. of PAC07, Albuquerque (2007) p. 3782.
2) T. Kanesue et al.: Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79 (2008) 02B102.
3) T. Kanesue, et. al.: Proc. of EPAC08, Genoa (2008) p. 421.
4) A. Pikin, Brookhaven National Laboratory internal report C-A /AP #244.
5) A. Pikin, Brookhaven National Laboratory internal report C-A /AP #312.

- 154 -㩷
㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷Preparation for Beam Analysis Experiment for EBIS-RFQ Linac
J. Tamura,䋪1 M. Okamura,䋪2 and T. Kanesue,䋪3

We have prepared for an upcoming beam analysis
experiment for a new RFQ linac which is part of an
Electron Beam Ion Source (EBIS) based RHIC preinjector.
The EBIS-RFQ (100 MHz, 4-rod cavity) was designed toaccelerate Au32+ beam from an input energy of 17
keV/nucleon to 300 keV/nucleon. In the new preinjector
system, multiple charge state ions are simultaneously
injected into the RFQ.
To evaluate the output beam properties, we simulated amultiple charged ion beam acceleration using aparticle-mesh method for space charge force calculation. At
each step in time, this solves the Poisson equation fromcharge densities assigned to grid points from the particles,
and then moves the particles. The RF electric field fromvane electrodes was derived from the two-term potentialfunction and the field in the radial-matching section wasfrom the four-term potential function. Figure 1 shows asimulation result (longitudinal phase space at the end of the
RFQ vane). Here Au31+(3mA, 17*31/32 keV/nucleon),
Au32+(4mA, 17keV/nucleon) and Au33+(3mA, 17*33/32
keV/nucleon) are injected into the RFQ. Then more than
98 % of the particles are accelerated to the designed output
energy of 300 keV/nucleon, while unaccelerated particles
maintain the velocity at the initial injection velocity. The
bunch length is 60 degree (13 mm). There will be
1000-4000 bunches per pulse since the pulse width of abeam from EBIS is 10-40 us. The bunch shape will bemeasured with a fast Faraday cup installed just behind theRFQ. The ion current is consists of particles which survived
transversely (accelerated and unaccelerated).

magnets to control the beam condition and a dipole magnet
to separate different charge state ions. Ion current only fromaccelerated particles can be measured with the fast Faraday
cup installed between the quadrupole and dipole, sinceunaccelerated particles cannot pass through thesequadrupole magnets. To separate Au32+ and the others using
this dipole magnet (B <= 1 T, 45 degree deflection), morethan 1 m distance from the magnet is necessary. In case oflighter species like Fe and Cu, less flight distance can beapplied.

Fig. 2. Experimental set up of beam analysis line for
EBIS- RFQ.
We measured resonant frequency of the RFQ cavity witha network analyzer by adjusting two tuners. When we
pushed the tuner into the cavity, resonant frequency
increased linearly. The full frequency range was from100.574 MHz to 100.761 MHz. When we pushed one tuner
into the cavity, the electric field near the tuner is decreased
and the field near the other tuner is increased.
We will continue to improve the RFQ simulation code.
This measurement will be completed by the end of March
2009.
䋪1

Department of Energy Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology

䋪2Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory

䋪3

Department of Applied Quantum Physics, Kyushu University

References

Fig. 1. Longitudinal phase space at the end of the RFQ vane.
180 degree is the length of 3.8 cm. dE = 0 corresponds to
the kinetic energy of 300 keV/nucleon.
The beam analysis line shown in Fig. 2 was designed
using the TRACE-3D program. There are 5 quadrupole

1) A. Schempp et al.: “RFQ and IH Accelerators for the New EBIS
Injector at BNL”, Proceedings of PAC 2007, p. 1439.
2) J. Alessi et al.: “Status of the EBIS Project at Brookhaven”,
Proceedings of LINAC 2006, p. 385.
3) R. W. Hockney and J. W. Eastwood: “Computer Simulation
Using Particles”, (Taylor & Francis Group, New York, 1988).
4) Thomas P. Wangler: “RF Linear Accelerators”, (WILEY-VCH,
Weinheim, 2008).
5) K. R. Crandall: “RFQ Radial Matching Sections and Fringe
Fields”, Proceedings of LINAC 1984, p. 109.

- 155 -

7.

Instrumentation

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)()
㩷

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 2009

Status of the BigRIPS and ZeroDegree Project
T. Kubo, K. Kusaka, T. Ohnishi, K. Yoshida, A. Yoshida, N. Fukuda, M. Ohtake, Y. Yanagisawa, H. Takeda, N. Inabe, D.
Kameda, K. Tanaka, H. Sakurai, T. Motobayashi, and Y. Yano

This report describes the status of the major research
instruments in the RI beam factory (RIBF), such as thethe
ZeroDegree
BigRIPS
in-flight
separator,1,2)3)spectrometer and the high-resolution beam line for the
SHARAQ spectrograph.4) The BigRIPS and ZeroDegree
were successfully commissioned in May 2007 andNovember 2008, respectively, while the high-resolution
beam line is in the final stage of construction.
Commissioning of the high-resolution beam line isscheduled for March 2009, together with SHARAQ.
Figure 1 shows a schematic layout of the major research
instruments at RIBF along with the RIBF cyclotrons. The
BigRIPS separator is composed of 14 superconducting
triplet quadrupoles (STQ) having large apertures and 6
room-temperature dipoles, which are labeled as STQ1-14
and D1-6 in Fig.1. There are seven focuses indicated as
F1-7.
One of BigRIPS’s major features is large
acceptances, which were achieved by using thelarge-aperture quadrupoles. Thanks to this feature, not only
projectile fragmentation of various heavy ions but also
in-flight fission of uranium beams can be efficiently used asa production reaction for RI beams.
Another important feature is its two-stage structure. The
first stage includes the components between the production
target (F0) and F2, while the second stage spans those from
F3 to F7. The section from F2 to F3 works as a matching

section. This feature allows deliver of tagged RI beams aswell as use as a two-stage tandem separator. In the former
mode, the first stage is used to produce and separate RI
beams with an energy degrader, while the second stage
works as a spectrometer to analyze and identify those RI
beams. The momentum resolution of the second stage ishigh enough to identify RI beams without measuring total
kinetic energies, even if some of them are not fully stripped.
In the two-stage separator mode, an energy degrader is usedat both stages to further purity the RI beams.
In each focus, there is a focal-plane chamber toaccommodate various beam-line devices and detectors used
for diagnostics and particle identification (PID). The PID
scheme is based on the 'E-TOF-BU method in which
trajectory reconstruction is used to improve the resolution.
The primary beams stops at a high-power beam dump
located at the first dipole D1. The first stage is surroundedby radiation shields which weigh about 7000 tons.
The RI-beam delivery line following the BigRIPS is used
not only to transport RI beams to experimental setups, butalso as a forward spectrometer named ZeroDegree. It
consists of 9 STQs and 2 dipoles, labeled as STQ15-23 andD7-8 in Fig.1. The magnets of ZeroDegree have essentiallythe same design as those of BigRIPS. The focuses areindicated as F8-F12. The section from F8 to F11 forms
the ZeroDegree spectrometer, while that from F7 to F8

Fig.1. Schematic layout of RI Beam Factory in 2009.

- 157 -

works for matching. In each focus, there is a focal-planechamber which accommodates beam-line detectors anddevices similarly to BigRIPS. A secondary target is placed
at F8, when the beam line is used as the ZeroDegree
spectrometer for reaction studies with RI beams. The
ZeroDegree analyzes and identifies projectile reaction
residues, often in coincidence with J-rays which aremeasured by a J-ray array detector surrounding the target.
Depending on the experimental requirements, theZeroDegree can be operated in different optics modes, suchas achromatic modes and dispersive modes. Figure 2 showsa recent photograph of the ZeroDegree spectrometer.

short. The discovery demonstrated not only the performanceof the BigRIPS separator, but also the great potential of the
RIBF. The details are described in Ref. 5.
Commissioning of the ZeroDegree was carried out inNovember 2008 with a 238U beam at 345 MeV/u, and theion optics and PID performance were successfully tested for
different ion-optics modes. Then we revisited the search for
new isotopes using a 238U beam with ~40 times larger
intensity than in 2007, which demonstrated theoverwhelming RI-beam production power at RIBF. Figure
4 shows the PID plot obtained using the BigRIPS. We wereable to identify more than 20 new isotopes in the Z=30~50
region and also more than 10 new isomers. In particular wewere able to observe the further neutron-rich palladiumisotopes 127Pd and 128Pd, which means that we have reachedan N=82 magic number nucleus. Furthermore 128Pd is said
to be one of the key nuclei in the r-process path. In
December 2008 the ZeroDegree was used, for the first time,
for a series of full-dress RI-beam experiments, where an
intense 48Ca beam was employed for the production of RI
beams and important results were obtained for very
neutron-rich exotic nuclei.

Fig. 2. Photograph of the ZeroDegree spectrometer.
The high-resolution beam line consists of the existing
part (the section from F3 to D6) and the new part leading to
the SHARAQ spectrograph (the section from D6 to the
SHARAQ target position). The new part is composed of 2
room-temperature dipoles, 3 STQs, and 3 room-temperature
quadrupoles, which are labeled as DH7-8, STQH14-15,
STQH19, and QH16-18 in Fig. 1. The focuses are indicatedas FH7-10. This beam line can be operated in a dispersivemode with high resolution, so that the dispersion matchingconditions can be attained at the SHARAQ focal plane,
allowing high-resolution measurement using the SHARAQ.
Figure 3 shows a recent photograph of the high-resolution
beam line under construction.

Fig. 3. Photographs of the high-resolution beam line.
Commissioning of the BigRIPS was carried out in May
2007 with a 238U beam at 345 MeV/u, and performance of
the BigRIPS was successfully tested. High PID
performance was obtained thanks to the trajectoryreconstruction. Then a search for new isotopes was madeusing the 238U beam as a series of experiments, and the very
neutron-rich new palladium (Z=46) isotopes 125Pd and 126Pd
were observed for the first time, although the uranium beam
intensity was far from the goal and the observation time wasPreliminary

Fig. 4. Particle identification plot for fission fragments
produced by 238U+Be reaction at 345 MeV/u.
The BigRIPS cryogenic plant, which is used to cool
STQ1-5, suffered from an oil-contamination problem whichcaused a decrease in cooling power after an operation
period of two months or so. This problem has been solved
by upgrading the oil removal unit of the compressor andfully cleaning up the cold box.
We plan to fully install quick-release mechanisms using
the pillow seal system in the beam line of the BigRIPS firststage in summer 2009. This will facilitate maintenanceunder high residual radiation.
More detailed reports on the project are given elsewherein this progress report.
References
1) T. Kubo: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 204, 97 (2003).
2) T. Kubo et al.: IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 17, 1069
(2007).
3) Y. Mizoi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 38, 297 (2005).
4) T. Kawabata et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 129(2008).
5) T. Ohnishi et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Japan 77, 083201 (2008)- 158 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Commissioning of ZeroDegree spectrometer
T. Ohnishi, T. Kubo, K. Kusaka, K. Yoshida, A. Yoshida, M. Ohtake, N. Fukuda, H. Takeda, D. Kameda, K.
Tanaka, N. Inabe, Y. Yanagisawa, H. Watanabe, H. Otsu, Y. Kondo, Y. Gono, H. Sakurai, T. Motobayashi, H.
Baba, T. Ichihara, Y. Yamaguchi, M. Takechi, S. Nishimura, H. Ueno, A. Yoshimi, T. Nakao ∗1 , M. Matsushita∗2, K. Ieki ∗2 , Y. Mizoi ∗3 , N. Kobayashi ∗4 , K. N. Tanaka ∗4 , Y. Kawada ∗4 , N. Tanaka ∗4 , S. Deguchi ∗4 , Y.
Satou ∗4 , T. Nakamura ∗4 , K. Yoshinaga ∗5 , C. Ishii ∗5 , H. Yoshii ∗5 , N. Uematsu ∗5 , Y. Shiraki ∗5 , T. Sumikama∗5, J. Chiba ∗5 , E. Ideguchi ∗6 , S. Ota ∗6 , A. Saito ∗6 , Y. Sasamoto ∗6 , T. Uesaka ∗6 , S. Shimoura ∗6 , T.
Yamaguchi ∗7 , T. Suzuki ∗7 , T. Moriguchi ∗8 , A. Ozawa ∗8 , T. Ohtsubo ∗9 , M. Famiano ∗10 , A. S. Nettleton ∗11 ,B. M. Sherrill ∗11 , S. Manikonda ∗12 , and J. A. Nolen ∗12
An RI-beam delivery line1) named the ZeroDegree
spectrometer is located after the BigRIPS separator.2)
The main purpose of this spectrometer is to analyze
particles emitted by reaction of the RI beam with secondary targets. The ZeroDegree has diﬀerent optics
modes to handle various experimental condition requirements such as large angular acceptance or highmomentum resolution for secondary-reaction experiments. In 2007, BigRIPS was successfully commissioned and the ﬁrst experiment with BigRIPS was performed.3) After the improvement of optics calculation
using the results obtained from the commissioning BigRIPS, we commissioned ZeroDegree using a uranium
beam and RI beams in November 2008.
Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of BigRIPS
and ZeroDegree. The labels STQn, Dn and Fn indicate the position of superconducting quadrupole
triplets, room-temperature dipoles and focal planes,
respectively. ZeroDegree consists of six superconducting quadrupole magnets (STQ17–22) and two roomtemperature dipole magnets (D7–D8). The designsof these magnets are same as those of BigRIPS. In
commissioning of ZeroDegree, three modes were examined: an achromatic large-acceptance (LA) mode, adispersive mode, and a dispersive high-resolution (HR)mode. Their speciﬁcations are summarized in Table 1.
A 238 U beam was accelerated to an energy of 345
MeV/nucleon using an accelerator complex consistingof the linear accelerator RILAC and the four cyclotrons
RRC, fRC, IRC, and SRC.4) The production targets
were 7-mm-thick Be and 1.5-mm-thick Pb. Beam current was 1.9 × 109 particle/sec on average. Fission
fragments were collected and analyzed using BigRIPS.
Tagged fragments were supplied to the RI delivery line
∗1

Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University∗3 Department of Engineering Science,
Osaka ElectroCommunication University∗4 Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology∗5 Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science∗6 Center for Nuclear Study, The University of Tokyo∗7 Department of Physics, Saitama University∗8 Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba∗9 Department of Physics, Niigata University∗10 Physics Department, Western Michigan University∗11 National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan
State University∗12 Argonne National Laboratory∗2

including ZeroDegree. During the commissioning experiment, the Bρ values of BigRIPS were set to 7.2
Tm and 7.4 Tm in order to examine the Bρ dependence of the properties of the optics. At the beginningof the beam line (F8) of ZeroDegree, a 2-mm-thick Pb
secondary target was installed. Projectile fragmentsfrom the secondary target were analyzed and identiﬁed using ZeroDegree. To evaluate the performance of
ZeroDegree more clearly, data without the secondary
target at F8 was also obtained.
Particle identiﬁcation in ZeroDegree is same as thatin BigRIPS. It is performed using the measured Bρ,energy loss (∆E), and time of ﬂight (TOF). TOF
was measured using two plastic scintillation counters
placed on the ﬁrst (F8) and ﬁnal (F11) focal planes
with a central ﬂight length of 37 m. Thickness of thescintillation counters was 0.2 mm and their eﬀective
area was 100 × 100 mm2 . In the dispersive mode, theF11 focal plane changes to the dispersive focal plane.
A long plastic scintillation counter with an active areaof 200 × 100 × 0.2 mm3 was installed at F11 to cover
the wide position distribution in the dispersive and thedispersive HR modes. To measure ∆E, an ionizationchamber5) was installed at F11. The eﬀective area of
the ionization chamber was 240 × 150mm2 . For precise Bρ measurement in the achromatic LA mode, thetrajectory of the fragments was reconstructed from thepositions and angles measured at two position-sensitive
PPACs5) at the achromatic focal plane (F8) and two
more at the dispersive focal plane (F9). For the othermodes, two PPACs located at F11 instead of at F9 wereused. Ion-optical transfer matrices calculated using thecode COSY INFINITY6) were used in the reconstruction. The Bρ of each fragment was determined fromthe reconstructed trajectory, the magnetic ﬁelds measured using NMR probes, and the magnetic ﬁeld-map
data of dipole. To conﬁrm the particle identiﬁcation
performed at ZeroDegree, delayed γ rays from isomericstates in some of the products were measured using
three clover-type high-purity germanium detectors located at F11.7)
Fission fragments, produced in the 238 U+Pb reaction in BigRIPS with a Bρ setting of 7.395 Tm
and a momentum acceptance of ±3%, were delivered
to ZeroDegree without the secondary target at F8.

- 159 -

1

0

10

20 m
STQ22
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PÇOÇ
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F11
F10

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STQ17

STQ23
D7

STQ16

STQ15

STQ14

D6

STQ13

STQ12
D5
STQ11

STQ8

STQ7

D3

STQ6

STQ4

STQ5

D2
STQ3

STQ10
D4
STQ9

F3

F2

F6

ÇQÇPÇOÇQÇOÇOÇPÇWÇOÇPÇXÇOÇPÇVÇOÇPÇTÇOÇPÇUÇOÇPÇRÇOÇPÇSÇOÇPÇQÇOÇPÇOÇOÇPÇPÇO
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F4

STQ18

F1

D8

Beam dump

F5
STQ2
D1
STQ1

STQ19

F0

S11051

STQ20

S12150B
V
SH

Rc1/2

STQ21

ZeroDegree

Target

F0
ê‘
ê¬
â©

F9
F12

RI-beam delivery line

BigRIPS

Fig. 1. Schematic top view of BigRIPS separator, RI-beam delivery line and ZeroDegree spectrometer.
The labels STQn, Dn and Fn indicate the position of superconducting quadrupole triplets, roomtemperature dipoles and focal planes, respectively.
Table 1. Basic speciﬁcations of the ZeroDegree spectrometer depending on the optics mode.
Dispersive mode

Dispersivehigh-resolution mode

90
70
6
1240

40
60
4
4100

30
30
2
6400

These fragments were identiﬁed again using ZeroDegree. Fig. 2a) and 2b) show two-dimensional plots of
the atomic number Z versus the mass-to-charge ratio A/Q identiﬁed using ZeroDegree in the achromatic
LA mode and dispersive mode, respectively. The typical relative root-mean-square (rms) resolution for Z
and A/Q was 0.5% and 0.09% for the achromatic LA
mode, and 0.6% and 0.076% for the dispersive mode.
Since the calculated optical matrices are slightly diﬀerent from the measured matrices, the resolution, especially the A/Q resolution, is worse than the expectedvalues.
In summary, we commissioned ZeroDegree and measured its performance such as ion optics and particle
identiﬁcation capability. Further data analysis is inprogress to extract more detailed features of ZeroDegree, for example, the performance of particle identiﬁcation with the secondary target.

50

10 2

40
10

30
1

20
2.4

2.5

2.6
A/Q

2.7

2.8

10

-1

b)
10 2

50
40

10

30

References
1) M. Mizoi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 38, 297(2005).
2) T. Kubo et al.: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B204, 97 (2003).
3) T. Ohnishi et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 083201 (2008).
4) Y. Yano: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B261, 1009 (2007).
5) T. Ohnishi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 123(2008).
6) K. Makino and M. Berz: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A558,
346 (2006).
7) T. Nakao et al.: in this progress report.

2

10 3

a)

Z

Angular acceptance(mr)Horizontal
VerticalMomentum acceptance(%)
Momentum resolution(P/∆P )Achromatic
large-acceptance mode

Z

Mode

- 160 -

1
20
2.4

2.5

2.6
A/Q

2.7

2.8

10

-1

Fig. 2. Two-dimensional plot of Z versus A/Q identiﬁedusing ZeroDegree. Fission fragments were produced in
the 238 U+Pb reaction at BigRIPS with a Bρ setting of
7.395 Tm and a momentum acceptance of ∆P/P =±3%.
The vertical axis is Z, while the horizontal axis is A/Q.
Upper a) and lower b) ﬁgures show the results obtainedwith the achromatic large-acceptance and the dispersivemodes, respectively.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Beam intensity monitors for BigRIPS separator
Y. Yamaguchi, A. Yoshida, Y. Yanagisawa, K. Tanaka, T. Ohnishi, and T. Kubo
[scattering particle, beam current]

Fig. 1. Setup of beam intensity monitors at production target chamber.

marized in Table 1. They were measured under the
triple coincidence condition of three layer scintillators.
Figure 2 shows the energy–loss correlations between
two scintillators in the PLmon. Although the beam isdifferent, the spectra of pattern 1 and 2 looks similar.
On the other hand, though the beam is the same, thespectra of pattern 2 and 3 look different. In pattern
3, it detected not only protons and deuterium but also
tritium, 3 He and/or 4 He. This means that the kind of
the scattered charged particle depends on the target
material rather than the element of the incident beam.
The energy distribution of these charged particles wasmeasured roughly by inserting energy absorber plates
made of aluminum in front of the first (pla1) scintillator. The minimum measurable energy was 10 MeV
for protons, which was determined by a Kapton vac-

To monitor the primary beam intensity on a production target of the BigRIPS separator1) , a scatteredparticle PLastic MONitor (PLmon), a Fast Current
Transformer (FCT)2) and a Faraday Cup (FC) are installed at the production target chamber (Fig. 1). The
FCT is fixed at the entrance beam duct, the FC is movable in front of the target and the PLmon is mounted
on the top of the chamber at an angle of 120 degrees
from the beam axis and 68 cm away from the target.
The PLmon consists of three layers of plastic scintillators of 1 mm thickness, which detect scattered lightcharged particles from the target. The PLmon is designed for low intensity beams up to a few 100 electricnano–Ampere (enA). For higher intensity than that,
the FCT should be used. These two detectors cancontinuously monitor the beam current during experiments. They should, however, be calibrated using thebeam current measured by the FC at the beginning ofeach experiment. Here, we report the beam test resultsof these detectors.
The spectra of the PLmon were measured for threepatterns of beam and target combinations as sum-Table 1. The combinations of beams and targets for the
PLmon measurement. The beam energy of U and Kr
was 345 MeV/u and those maximum beam intensities
are listed in units of enA. The count rate of the PLmonin single mode and in triple coincidence mode are also
listed.
Pattern1
2
3

Beam (enA)86
Kr31+ (50)238 86+
U(2.3)
238 86+U(2.2)

TargetBe (12 mm)
Be (5 mm)
Pb (1.5 mm)single/coin.
350k/68k cps
1.2k/0.2k
1.2k/1.2k

Fig. 2. Energy–loss correlations between the first (pla1)
and the third (pla3) scintillator. Measured spectra (leftside) and energy–loss calculations (right side) are compared for three patterns of beam and target combinations.

- 161 -

1

Fig. 3. Target dependence of the triple coincidence countrate of the PLmon.

uum foil of 40 µm thickness placed at the mounting
flange. We expected the energy of scattered protons inthis backward angle to be up to a few 10 MeV, using asimulation code PHITS3) . It was, however, confirmedthat protons with an energy of about 100 MeV werealso scattered. However the rate of such high–energy
protons is less than 1/10. This discussion is still ongoing.
Figure 3 shows that the count rate of the
PLmon had good linear correlation with the measured
beam current using the FC in the range of 0.1 enA up
to the maximum current listed in Table 1. The countrate also had a target dependence. The Pb target has

Fig. 5. Correlation between the FCT signal and the beam
current measured by the FC.

a 3 times higher count rate than that of Be target.
The PLmon was working without any problem in a
few 10 enA. However, when the beam intensity was
higher than a few 100 enA, the backgrounds increased
and the scattered charged particle was not able to be
counted precisely.
The FCT signal was measured using a high intensity beam of 48 Ca20+ , 350 MeV/u. Figure 4 shows acomparison of measured FC current and FCT signal.
The FCT signal is measured using a lock-in amplifierin the unit of volts. The FCT signal had good linear correlation with the measured FC current in therange of a few 10 enA up to 3 eµA. Its lower limit wasdetermined by its noise level of 3.7 µV. It is important to reduce the noise as much as possible. Figure 5
shows that the FCT signal had good linear correlation
with the measured beam current using the FC in therange of a few 10 enA up to 3 eµA. The slope parameter 3.3 µV/µA was slightly different from the nominal
value of the FCT coil of 5 µV/µA.
References

Fig. 4. Changing the 48 Ca beam current, the FC beam
current (upper) and the FCT signal (middle and lower)
were compared. The background noise level of the FCT
was 3.7 µV.

2- 162 -

1) A.Yoshida et al: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, vii(2008).
2) M. Wada et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 38, 170(2005).
3) PHITS: http://phits.jaea.go.jp/

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Manipulation and performance of ionization chambers for BigRIPS
experiments
H. Otsu, M. Takechi, Y. Kondo, T. Onishi, N. Fukuda, M. Lantz, K. Ozeki, S. Deguchi,∗1 Y. Kawada,∗1 T.
Kuboki,∗2 I. Hachiuma,∗2 and K. Namihira,∗2
Ionization chambers used for BigRIPS experiments
give information proportional to energy loss (∆E ∝Z2β 2 ) of the ﬂight particles. In order to deduce the Z information, it combined with Time Of Flight(TOF) information which is derived from a pair of fast response
detectors such as plastic scintillators. In FY2008, twoion chambers were prepared and in eﬀect operated fortwo sets of BigRIPS experiments using 238 U and 48 Ca
primary beams in November and December respectively.
Conﬁguration of the ionization chamber
Each ionization chamber1) consists of the chamber
itself, which contains inner gas, and a set of electrodes.
The electrodes consist of 12 anodes sandwiched between 13 cathodes. The cathode electrodes are equivalent to ground voltage level. The original objective
in reference1) was to tilt the electrodes up to 30◦ fromperpendicular geometry which has been expected toprevent ionized pairs from recombining along drift directions. At this point, we selected the perpendicular
setup as shown in ﬁg. 1 where the electrodes were penetrated from around 90◦ . We have estimated a drawback of ∆E resolution by the recombination eﬀect being smaller than those of noise on signal from the electrodes or stability of circuits downstream. Eﬀective

Fig. 1. Side view of the ionization chamber located at theF7 focal point on the BigRIPS beamline.

areas of electrodes are 232 mmφ for the F7 ionizationchamber and 260×170 mm2 with edging by R10 for
the F11 ionization chamber respectively. We describe
them F7IC and F11IC following this. The electrodedistances between the anode plate and the cathode∗1∗2

Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Department of Physics, Saitama University

plate are 17 mm for F7IC and 20mm for F11IC. Path
length for F7IC is 586 mm and that of F11IC is 660
mm, where the curve shapes of entrance and exit windows are neglected. Kapton foils are used for each ofthese windows. The thickness of the windows will bementioned in the following paragraph. The geometryof F7IC is restricted by the boundary conditions interior within the F7 vacuum box.
The electrodes both for the anodes and the cathodes
in F7IC are formed by a single face layer of evaporated
aluminized Mylar with 4 µm mounted on a frame. The
other face was evaporated using a machine in the B52
room with evaporation thicknesses being 30 nm. The
electrodes for F11IC were formed with a similar conﬁguration but with a layer of aluminized Mylar of 2
µm. Finally, it has been found that the electrode canbe formed with a layer of Mylar ﬁlm with 2 µm thickness. Material thickness for F7IC is summed up to
0.109 g/cm2 when used with P10 gas (Ar 90%+CH410%)) at 650 Torr of pressure. Material thickness for
F11IC is summed up to 0.136 g/cm2 when used with
P10 gas at 760 Torr of pressure.
Performance of the ionization chamber
Signals from two neighboring anode plates were bundled inside the ionization chamber and 6 ch analog
signals were read out. Each channel was followed by a
pre-ampliﬁer, CANBERRA 2004 for F7IC and TENNELEC TC-170 for F11IC. Pre-ampliﬁer outputs wereshaped by fast shaping ampliﬁers CANBERRA 2024
and acquired by peak hold ADCs for the recording ofdata. The pulse height from each channel was averaged over both arithmetically and geometrically andwas found to be not so diﬀerent from each other in theconditions for the last experiments. Figure 2 shows
the result of the experiment for new isotope search inﬁssion fragments from the 238 U primary beam. The
horizontal axis denotes a raw pulse height without a β
correction while data are eliminated by just a narrow
time range which corresponds to one isotope at each Z.
Each peak represents the identiﬁed atomic number Z.
In the on-line analysis of the 238 U beam experiment,
5σ separation was achieved in the Z � 30 for F11IC.
As for F7IC, several mis-handlings worsened resolution
to 3σ separation. In the on-line analysis for the 48 Ca
beam experiment, 5σ separation was achieved in Z �
8 for both F7IC and F11IC. For standard operation ofICs, a lower limit for the Z identiﬁcation was found to
be around Z = 5 where the Z identiﬁcation was realized even with plastic scintillators. A tolerance against
beam intensity more than several of 104 Hz has not yet- 163 -

1

been measured in the sequence of the experiments.
Gas handling
It is very important to obtain constant pressure inside the ICs as pulse height is proportional to theamount of gas material along beam paths and energy
loss of the penetrating particles should not ﬂuctuatewith gas pressure. The gas handler consists of a selffeedback system 640A (MKS Co.) with mass ﬂow meter, baratron gauge, needle valve and rotary pump.
The gas handler is the same with that for PPACs but
the pressure range of the 640A is modiﬁed to cover up
to 1000 Torr. Constant pressure had been achieved byapplying a feedback of 640A. It should be noted that
640A actually has the two functions of open/close thevalve and reducing conductance. The latter function
responds quite quickly to deviation of pressure while
the former function seems to require additional time,e.g. several minutes. As a result, pressure ﬂuctuations
may occur when 640A operates with opening and closing the valve.
In the experiment using the 238 U beam, both thegas handlers for F7IC and F11IC operated by the
open/close mode where comparatively amounts of gas
ﬂowed. Gas pressure ﬂuctuated with a triangularwave form with time constant and repetition of order of 10 minutes. Therefore, output signal ﬂuctuations were observed to be a maximum of 2%. Acquired
data should be analyzed by correcting the alterationsof pulse height for the experiment. This ﬂuctuation
might occurred according to diﬀerence of range of ﬂow
rate between the mass ﬂow meter in the 640A andother devices including a gas regulator on gas bottles
and the setting of the needle valve.
In the experiment in December, the gas ﬂow quantity was quite limited by the needle valve and the solution was found so much that 640A does not enter the
open/close mode but reduces only the conductance.
As a result, less than 2 Torr deviation was realizedin comparison with more than 15 Torr for the previous
experiment. So, we no longer require any treatment intime chasing analysis in the experiment.
Tore window incident
F11IC was prepared in August 2008 as the experiment had been scheduled in October at ﬁrst. In the
preparations, a tear in the vacuum tight window occurred in F11IC.
For shortage of gas substitution time, F11IC can be
drawn to a vacuum and ﬁlled with high purity gases.
For this method, entrance and exit windows were madeof Kapton ﬁlm with more than 75 µm of thickness.
This thickness is relatively thick even though F11IC
is located within atmospheric conditions rather than avacuum as in the case of F7IC. To conﬁrm whether thisprocess is possible and feasible, vacuum tests were carried out twice without any devices inside the chamber.
The vacuum acheived was less than 1 Torr suﬃcientto the substitution method. At that time, the Kapton
sheet with 75 µm completely withstood any cracks ortears with the pressed surface shapes being ﬁxed. After the tests, the devices inside F11IC were installedagain and F11IC was set on the F11 focal plane. The
exit window tear occurred when the vacuum in thechamber was drawn down to approximately 180 Torr.
All 25 electrodes inside the chamber were also torn. A
picture taken just after the incident is shown in ﬁgure
3. In addition, a plastic scintillator just downstreamof F11IC was destroyed. We have not yet conﬁned
the reason of the problem. Possible reasons would be
the rectangular shape of the exit window, the surface
ﬁxed shape after repeated testing, or possible defects
in other source. The entrance and exit window of both
F7IC and F11 IC were replaced with 150 µm Kapton ﬁlm after the incident. F7IC is used in vacuum

Fig. 3. Torn exit window just after the incident.

circumstance with the windows playing an importantrole to contain the gas inside. The same kind of incident would destroy not only the detectors inside theF7 vacuum chamber but also the vacuum system consisting of TMP, RP and vacuum gauges. Therefore, it
is recommended the window ﬁlm be replaced at eachtime experiment is conducted.
Fig. 2. Z identiﬁcation by F11IC. Horizontal axis represents Z but the scale is arbitrary. The peak aroundchannel 3900 corresponds to Z=32.

2- 164 -

References
1) K. Kimura, et.al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth., A538(2005)608.

RIKEN Accel.
42 ((2009)
2009)
RIKEN
Accel. Prog.
Prog. Rep.
Rep. 42

SHARAQ Project — Progress in 2008 —T. Uesaka,∗1 A. Saito,∗2 S. Michimasa,∗1 K. Nakanishi,∗1 S. Ota,∗1 Y. Sasamoto,∗1 K. Miki,∗2 S. Noji,∗2
H. Miya,∗1 H. Tokieda,∗1 T. Kawabata,∗1 H. Kurei,∗1 N. Yamazaki,∗1 A. Yoshino,∗1 Y. Yanagisawa,∗3
T. Kubo,∗3 T. Yoshida,∗4 S. Shimoura,∗1 and H. Sakai∗2
Construction of the SHARAQ spectrometer1) andthe dedicated high-resolution beamline2) are coming
to the ﬁnal phase. This article provides an overview ofprogress in 2008.

chambers, the SHARAQ spectrometer is almost readyto accept heavy ion beams.

1

Based on the detailed design in Ref.2) , we have ﬁnalized speciﬁcations of beamline devices, including two
normal conducting dipole magnets with a 30◦ bending
angle, vacuum chambers for beamline detectors, vacuum pumps, and DC power supplies. Four normal conducting quadrupole magnets and one superconducting
triplet quadrupole magnets (STQ) were recycled. Oneof the normal conducting quadrupoles was renovated
to enlarge the bore radius from 150 mm to 180 mm toenable acceptance of large-emittance secondary beams
from BigRIPS. Construction of the beamline started
in summer of 2008 and will be completed by the endof February 2009.5)
Several beamline modes should be prepared to enable versatile use of the SHARAQ spectrometer. We
have investigated a new large momentum acceptancemode6) , in addition to dispersion matching and highresolution achromatic modes for high-resolution missing mass measurements. In the large momentum acceptance mode, the beamline allows beam momentum
spread of ∆p/p =2%, which is about 6 times larger
than that in the dispersion matching mode. Experiments with low-intensity rare isotope beams can beeﬃciently conducted in the large acceptance mode.

Spectrometer

The SHARAQ spectrometer (Fig.1) consists of three
quadrupole (Q1, Q2, and Q3) and two dipole (D1 andD2) magnets. All the magnets were installed in summer of 2007.

Fig. 1. Photograph of the SHARAQ spectrometer as ofApril 2008.

2

High-resolution beam line

Magnetic ﬁeld distributions of dipole magnets were
measured in 2008. Accurate and precise knowledgeof the magnetic ﬁeld is extremely important for highresolution ion-optical analysis in RI beam experiments.
We have measured the magnetic ﬁeld distribution for alarge area of 1.3 m2 each at the exit of D1 and the entrance and exit of D2. To scan this large area withina reasonable time, we used the search coil method4)
for measurement. In addition to medium plane measurement, we also collected data for the oﬀ-medium
plane of y=0–85 mm, where y denotes distance fromthe medium plane. The details of the measurement
are described in Ref.3) . Ion-optical calculation basedon the measured ﬁeld mapping will be used to predict
transport matrix elements of the SHARAQ spectrometer.
Now that it is equipped with focal plane vacuum

3∗1

Thin tracking detectors working under a beam intensity of higher than 1 MHz are key devices in high-

∗2
∗3
∗4

Center for Nuclear Study (CNS), University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
RIKEN
Rikkyo University

Focal plane detectors

Cathode readout drift chambers will be used as
tracking detectors at the ﬁnal focal plane of the
SHARAQ spectrometer. They have an eﬀective areaof 550 mm (H) ×300 mm (V) to cover the focal plane.
To minimize multiple scattering eﬀects, operation at
gas pressures as low as Pgas ∼3–5 kPa was investigated through simulations with GARFIELD. Basedon the results, We examined expected performance of
the CRDCs and speciﬁed the requirements for drift
voltage, pad pattern, and readout electronics were
speciﬁed.7) The CRDCs were fabricated in collaboration with the GANIL group and were transported to
RIBF in December 2008.
4- 165 -

Beam-line detectors

1resolution experiments with SHARAQ. They are used
for tuning the beamline and tagging beam trajectories
during measurements. Energy straggling and multiple scattering in the detector materials must be kept
small so that the energy resolution of ∆E/E < 1/7500
and angular resolution of ∆θ <1 mrad required in
SHARAQ experiments are not ruined. Low-pressure
multiwire drift chambers (LP-MWDC) were developed
as the beam-line detectors.8) In 2008, the detectors
were irradiated with an accelerated α-beam with anenergy of 8.8A MeV.9,10) The energy deposit of thealpha particles is same as that of a 200-MeV/A nitrogen beam which will be used in a future experiment at
SHARAQ. The results clearly demonstrated that LPMWDC with an isobuthane gas should work under apressure as low as 10 kPa. It was also found that further improvements in the electronics are required forbetter determination of the energy loss of particles.
5

Towards commissioning

The commissioning of the SHARAQ spectrometerand the beamline is scheduled for March 2009. All
the devices including magnetic systems and detectors
will be tested there. One of the most important issues to be investigated in the commissioning run isevaluation of higher-order aberration of the beamline.
A challenge of the SHARAQ project is to achieve
high-resolution magnetic analysis with momentum resolution of p/∆p = 15000 and angular resolution of∆θ =1 mrad for large-emittance RI beams. Precise
knowledge of higher order aberrations is especially important. We are planning to measure all the geometric and chromatic terms, causing image and angularbroadening larger than 1 mm and 1 mrad. Eﬀorts arebeing made to establish a method with which we candisentangle each contribution from the complicatedphase space distributions.
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank Al-. Zeller at Michigan State University for providing us with search coils
for dipole ﬁeld measurements. We would also like toexpress our gratitude to the members of the BigRIPS
group for valuable suggestions and assistance on manyoccasions.
References
1) T. Uesaka et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 266, 4218
(2008).
2) T. Kawabata et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods B 266,
4201 (2008).
3) K. Nakanishi et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
4) J. A. Caggiano: Ph.D thesis, Michigan State University,(1999).
5) T. Kubo et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
6) Y. Sasamoto et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).

2- 166 -

7) S. Michimasa et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
8) A. Saito et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
9) K. Miki et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
10) H. Miya et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Magnetic field measurement for the dipole magnets of the SHARAQ
spectrometer†
K. Nakanishi,∗1 H. Kurei,∗1 S. Michimasa,∗1 K. Miki,∗1 H. Miya,∗1 S. Noji,∗1 S. Ota,∗1 A. Saito,∗1 Y.
Sasamoto,∗1 S. Shimoura,∗1 H. Tokieda,∗1 T. Uesaka,∗1 N. Yamazaki,∗1 and A. Yoshino,∗1[Fieldmapping, dipole magnet, spectrometer]
The SHARAQ (Spectroscopy with High-resoluation
Analyzer and RadioActive Quantum beams) spectrometer is a high resolution magnetic spectrometer
designed for radioactive isotopes (RI) beam experiments at the RI Beam Factory (RIBF)1) .
The SHARAQ spectrometer can analyze particles
with magnetic rigidity of 1.8 - 6.8 Tm, corresponding
to an energy of 40 - 440 MeV/nucleon for A/Z = 2 particles. It is designed for momentum and angular resolutions of δp/p ∼ 1/15, 000 and δθ ∼ 1 mrad, respectively. The magnetic composition of the spectrometeris three quadrupole and two dipole magnets. The first
dipole magnet (D1) is placed between first quadrupole
doublet (SDQ) and singlet quadrupole (Q3) magnets.
The D1 and D2 dipoles have 230 mm and 200 mm
gaps, respectively. They have maximum central fields
of 1.5 Tesla. The bending radii are 4400 mm and bend
angles are 32.7◦ in the D1 magnet and 59.6◦ in theD22,3) .
The beam transfer matrices describe how an ion’s
motion changes as it travels through the element.
Thus, knowledge of transfer matrices requires precise
and accurate information of the magnetic field data inthe elements. The field data was intended to be usedin the input parameters for COSY2) .
The precision and accuracy goal of the mapping process was 0.1 mT at all points, namely ∆B/B ∼ 10−4 .
This agreed the value of designed momentum resolution.
The field measurement technique was to pass a coilof wire through the magnetic field and measure theinduced voltage, E = −dΦ/dt, where Φ is the magnetic flux through the coil. The field was determinedalong the path by time integral of the voltage. Field
calibration measurements were made with hall probes.
The induction coils used for field measurement waslent from a spectrometer and beam physics team of the
NSCL. They adopted it to the mapping for the S800
spectrometer3) . The coil consisted of very fine wire,
whose diameter was 25 µm, spooled around a bobbin.
The height of the bobbin was 12.7 mm, though thespool was only 9.53 mm tall. The wire was wrappedvery tightly with a final diameter of 9.53 mm, a bore
diameter of about 7 mm. The wires were copper, andgiven their diameter and resistance (about 6.7 k Ω,
whose turns of the coil was about 30,000.) providing alarge voltage signal. For example, the induced voltage∗1

is ∼0.7 V at a field gradient of 60 mT/mm with moving
velocity of the coil at 75 mm/sec. There were five of
these coils, one on the magnetic medium plane, theothers above.
The mapper was designed to be put on the surfaceof the pole or vacuum chamber of the two dipoles. The
frame was 50 mm thick plate made of an alloy of aluminum, 2347 mm across, with the a central radius of4400 mm to match the one of the dipoles. An angular extent was 28.73◦ . The arc lengths of the D1 andD2 were over 2.5 m and 4.6 m, respectively, and the
mapper couldn’t be made to cover whole the magnetic
field of dipoles because it was quite difficult to keep
the flat level of its surfaces. Then, we decided to prepare the mapper to measure just around the magnet
fringes separately. The whole distribution would bereconstructed via analyzed the data.
The coils ride on a cart which was mainly compounded from fiber glass epoxy resin (G10) and its size
was 800 mm × 300 mm including aluminum hardware
attachment. It had four plastic guide rollers, two on
each side of the guide, to enable the cart to roll backand forth on an arc of fixed radius. The cart was fixedin the vertical direction by eight wheels which gripped
the side edge, which was parted from underside, of theplate. The cart was propelled on the guide rail by astainless steel chain connected to a servo motor. The
chain make a loop between a gear and a sprocket andfixed to the cart at its center.
A diagram for the measurement system is shown in
Fig.1. The positions and times of the field measure-dB

insideoutsidea magnet

Amp

DigitalVolt meter
trigerx5 setsv

Linear
FIFO

GG

Discri.
veto

Photosensor

...

...

Slit
Side view

FG

flash ADCFG
photo
sensor

photo
diode

Fig. 1. Measurement system diagram

Center for Nuclear Physics, University of Tokyo- 167 -1

I (A)

800

6001) T. Uesaka et al., Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B 266 (2008)
4218.
2) T. Uesaka et al., CNS Annual Report 2005.
3) G.P. Berg, Design Study of a New Dipole Magnet D2
for the SHARAQ Spectrometer, unpublished.
4) K. Makino, M. Berz, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 558(2005) 346.
5) J.A. Caggiano, Doctoral dissertation, Department of
Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University(1999).

- 168 -

D1
D2

400

200

1

2

3

4
Bρ (Tm)5

6

7

Fig. 2. The relationship of the excitation current and theBρ value at the D1 and D2 magnets.

L (mm)

2510

D1

2505

2500

2495

4580

D2

4575

4570

4565

References

2

1000

L (mm)

ments were obtained by reading a small slit on a thinplate. The plate was put perpendicular on the top surface of the mapper. The size of each slit was 0.25 mm
× 3.5 mm rectangular holes regularly spaced at a distance of 0.75 mm. A transmissive optical sensor, whichcontained a small infrared photodiode on one side of
the slit plate, was used to detect the position of slitedge. The output of the transistor was supplied to the
input of trigger for the data taking system. The timing of the output signals then translate into position
information.
Simultaneously, the time intervals were deduced bya regular timing signals in every slit and accurate velocities were obtained. Fluctuations of output signals
from the coils could be modified via the velocities atthe every measurement point.
The production maps were taken at several current
and field settings ranging from 0.15 to 1.5 Tesla for theD1 magnet and 0.17 to 1.66 Tesla for the D2, from 100
to 1000 Amps.
After the data correction, for example, off-set voltage at an amplifier output of each coil, cart velocity,
coordinate and absolute magnetic field strength at thestart and end point of the measurement, complete setsof the field distribution were obtained. The field distributions around magnet fringes forms not rectangular
but continuous shape. From the analysis of the effective field boundaries (EFB) a substantial edge ofthe dipole magnets for the passing particles can be determined. From the entrance and exit points of the
EFBs at the central rays in the dipoles, the effective
field lengths (EFL) were also deduced at the excitation
sets.
The relationship of the excitation current and theBρ was obtained for each magnet is shown in Fig. 2.
By using these results, the experimenter can set themagnet field for particles with a certain Bρ value.
Additionally, Fig. 3 describes the relationship between the EFL and the Bρ values of a passing particle
at the D1 and D2 magnets, respectively. A drasticallyshifts can be recognised over 6 Tm while the EFLs areconstant within 0.1% below. The calculation of thebeam transport can be referred the relationship of theBρ and the EFLs and one can describe the transfer
matrices for an arbitrary situation.

1

2

3

4
Bρ (Tm)5

6

7

Fig. 3. The shifts of the effective field length (EFL) as afunction of the Bρ value at the D1 and D2 magnets.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Large acceptance transport in the high resolution beam line for
SHARAQ spectrometer
Y. Sasamoto,∗1 T. Kawabata,∗1 T. Uesaka,∗1 S. Shimoura,∗1 T. Kubo, Y. Yanagisawa, H. Sakai,∗2
N. Yamazaki,∗1 and A. Yoshino,∗1
New missing mass spectroscopy with an RI beam isplanned to be conducted at RIBF with the SHARAQ
spectrometer1) . The SHARAQ spectrometer is designed to achieve a resolving power of p/δp = 1.5×
104 and a high angular resolution of δθ ∼ 1 mrad forparticles with a maximum magnetic rigidity of Bρ =6.8 Tm.
To avoid loss of energy resolution due to the momentum spread of RI beams, the dispersion matching
technique is applied to perform high resolution measurements2) . The maximum resolving power 15000 isachieved in the dispersion matching (DM) mode. However, in the DM mode, a large target is needed because the image size at the target is about as large
as 10 cm. High resolution achromatic (HA) mode isalso prepared. In the HA mode, the beam size of thetarget is about a few cm with keeping the half resolving power of the DM mode if the beam trajectories
are measured at F6. The resolving power and acceptance for the DM and HA mode are summarized inTable 1. Now the high resolution beam line is underconstruction based on the ion optical design3) . In thecommissioning run scheduled in March 2009, the measurements to determine the transfer matrix elements
are planned.
Beam transports described above have the advantage of large resolving power at the cost of the small
momentum acceptance of ± 0.3% as listed in Table 1.
This is because the beam trajectories are spread out
in accordance with the large dispersion of the beamline. In some experiments, more wider momentum acceptance transport mode is required for high intensity.
The large acceptance (LA) achromatic mode is quite
indispensable.
The beam trajectories of the LA mode obtained by
the ﬁrst order ion optical calculation using GIOS4) are
shown in Fig. 1. The transfer matrix obtained by thecalculation is summarized in Table 2. In the calculation, strengths of quadrupole magnets by F5 are equivalent to the BigRIPS standard transport5) . As shownin Fig.1, the beam is focused both horizontally andvertically at F6, FH7 and the Target, while the beam
is focused only vertically at FH9. In this calculation,
the momentum acceptance is limited by the beam sizein STQ14, while the angular acceptance is limited bythat in QH18.
The resolving power and acceptance are comparedwith other modes in Table 1. In the LA mode, mo∗1
∗2

mentum acceptance of ± 2% is achieved. On the other
hand, the resolving power, which is the same value
at F5 of BigRIPS standard is 1/10 of the DM mode.
There is still some room for improvement in the LAtransport. In the present calculation, polarities andlocations of magnets are ﬁxed to be the same as in the
DM/HA mode. Due to the limitations, horizontal andvertical magniﬁcations are not small enough in the LA
mode. Investigation along these line is still in progress.
Transport mode
Resolving
power

DM
15000

HA
7500
(at F6)LA
1500(at F5)

Momentum
acceptance (%)

± 0.3

± 0.3

±2

Angular acceptancehorizontal (mrad)
± 10
± 10
± 20
vertical (mrad)
± 30
± 30
± 20
Table 1. Resolving power and acceptance for high resolution beam line for SHARAQ. Transport mode of DM,
HA, and LA indicate the dispersion matching mode,
high resolution achromatic mode and large acceptancemode respectively.

(x|x) = 1.921 (x|a) = 0.000(a|x) = 0.258 (a|a) = 0.520(x|δ) = 0.13(y|y) = 5.001 (y|b) = 0.002(b|y) =
6.612 (b|b) =0.225
Table 2. Transfer matrix elements of the large acceptancemode obtained from the ﬁrst order calculation by
GIOS4) . The units for the lengths and angles are meters and radian.

References
1) T. Uesaka et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res.
B266, 4218 (2008).
2) T. Kawabata et al.: Nucl. Instrum. and Meth. in Phys.
Res. B266, 4201 (2008).
3) Y. Yanagisawa : Private correspondence.
4) H. Wollnik et al.: Ion-optics code GIOS, University of
Giessen, Germany.
5) H. Takeda et. al.: RIKEN Accel. Rep. 41 (2008).

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo- 169 -

1

Target
FH9
FH8

STQ19
QH18-a,b
QH17
QH16
STQ15

FH7
STQ14

F6

STQ13
STQ12

F5

STQ11
STQ10

F4

STQ9
STQ8

F2

STQ7
STQ6
STQ5
STQ4

F1

STQ3
STQ2

F0

STQ1

F3

Fig. 1. Beam trajectories of the large acceptance mode
from F0 to the SHARAQ target. The left ﬁgure shows
the trajectories in the vertical plane, and the right one
shows that in the horizontal plane. The trajectories
with x0 = ± 3 mm, y0 = ± 3 mm, θ0 = ± 20 and 0
mrad, φ0 = ± 20 and 0 mrad, and δ0 = ± 2% are also
drawn.

2- 170 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of low-pressure multi-wire drift chambers for BigRIPS
and high-resolution beam line
A. Saito,∗1 S. Shimoura,∗2 K. Miki,∗1∗3 H. Miya,∗2 T. Yoshida,∗4 T. Kawabata,∗2 H. Kurei,∗2 S. Michimasa,∗2
K. Nakanishi,∗2 S. Noji,∗1 S. Ota,∗2 Y. Sasamoto,∗2∗3 H. Tokieda,∗2 T. Uesaka,∗2 and H. Sakai∗1
We are developing low-pressure multi-wire drift
chambers (LP-MWDC’s) that will be used at BigRIPS
and the high-resolution beam line (HRBL) for experiments using the SHARAQ spectrometer.1) The
SHARAQ spectrometer is designed to achieve a resolving power of p/δp ∼ 1.5×104 and an angular resolution
better than 1 mrad for charged particles with maximum magnetic rigidity of 6.8 Tm. The high-resolution
beam line is designed to fulﬁll dispersion-matchingconditions when combined with the SHARAQ spectrometer. The simultaneous achievement of lateraldispersion matching and angular dispersion matchingconditions is crucially important in using the SHARAQ

spectrometer for RI beams, which necessarily entail
a large momentum spread. Details of the dispersionmatching beam transport are described in an otherreport.2) Figure 1 shows the BigRIPS, HRBL, and the
SHARAQ spectrometer. The LP-MWDC’s are used
at F3, F6, F-H7, F-H9, and F-H10. Event-by-event
tagging and tracking are needed at F3 for monitoring
image size and at F-H10 to measure the momentum
vector of the RI beam.
There are some requirements for the tracking detectors. The thickness of the detectors should be as small
as ∼10−4 of the radiation length to reduce the eﬀects
of multiple scattering in the detectors to ∼0.1 mrad.
The eﬃciency should be as large as possible even for

Table 1. List of LP-MWDC’s in BigRIPS and HRBL.
 



  
   

 

  

Focal
Plane

Activearea[mm2 ]
F3
DCF31
80×80
DCF32
96×96
F6
DCF61
216×144
F-H7
DCF71
216×144
DCF72
216×144
F-H9
DCF91
216×144
F-H10 DCFX1 216×144
DCFX1 144×144
X, Y: stripped cathodex, u, y: anode  
   
   

  
   
   




    




  


      
  

Name

Cell
size
[mm]
5
6
9
9
9
9
9
9

Conﬁguration
xx’yy’xx’yy’
XyxY
XyuxY
XyuxY
XyuxY
XyuxY
XyuxY
XyuxY



  
  










       
  
    
   










        



Fig. 1. LP-MWDC’s in BigRIPS and high-resolution beam
line.
∗1

∗2

∗3

∗4

Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
RIKEN Nishina Center        

Fig. 2. Schematic view of DCHX2.

- 171 -1  


 

 

 

 

 
 

light RI beams such as 8 He at 200 MeV/nucleon. Position resolution is required to be less than 300 µm in
FWHM. The maximum counting rate should be 1 MHz
for the dispersive beam transport. Energy loss information should be obtained by the tracking detectors
for particle identiﬁcation of the RI beam to reject inﬂight β-decay events.
The LP-MWDC’s are being developed in order to realize the performance described above. Low-pressure
operation at around 10 kPa is needed to reduce multiple scattering in the detector to as low as 0.1 mrad.
The list of the LP-MWDC’s is shown in Table 1. Details of DCF31 and DCF32 are described in other reports.3,4) Figure 2 shows a schematic view of DCHX2.
It includes three anode layers (x, u, and y) and two
stripped cathodes (X and Y). The direction of the uwires is tilted by 30 deg. with respect to the x wires.
The cathodes on the outside are stripped in verticaland horizontal directions (X and Y). The stripped cathodes give redundant position information, and the energy loss of the RI beam for particle identiﬁcation.
Signals from the stripped cathodes are read out using
delay lines (DL’s) which are used for the PPAC’s.5)
Three high voltages can be supplied individually tothe stripped cathodes, other cathodes, and the ﬁeld
wires. Signals from DL’s are ampliﬁed by a Kaizu
3356 preampliﬁer. Signals from the anode wires areampliﬁed and discriminated by REPIC RPA-130/131
64-ch. preampliﬁer and discriminator cards. The timing signals from RPA-130/131 are digitized by CAEN
V1190A/B multi-hit TDC’s.
We performed two experiments to evaluate the LPMWDC’s. Both experiments were carried out in theE7B course of RIBF operated by RIKEN Nishina Center and CNS, University of Tokyo. The beam was α at
8.8 MeV/nucleon which gives the same energy losses
as 12 N at 200 MeV/nucleon, which will be used in theexperiments using the SHARAQ spectrometer. Details





Fig. 3. Setup of the second experiment.

2- 172 -of the ﬁrst experiment are described in other reports.4)
In the second experiment, we tested four LP-MWDC’s,
DCF31, DCHX2, DCHX1, and DCHX61. Figure 3
shows the experimental setup. The number of beams
is counted by a 100-µm thick plastic scintillator located upstream of the LP-MWDC’s. The vacuum of
the beam line and the counter gas of the LP-MWDC’s
are separated by 50-µm thick aluminized mylar in frontof DCF31. The conﬁguration and the performanceof DCF31 is described in another report.3) DCHX2,
DCHX1, and DCF61 have the same conﬁgurations described above. DCHX1 was set to the opposite direction, i.e. YxvyX, in order to have the same setup as
F-H10. An aluminum plate with “SHARAQ” character is located downstream of LP-MWDC’s backed by a
5-mm thick plastic scintillator. Data was collected forgas pressures of 4, 5, 10, and 20 kPa. Data analysis toevaluate eﬃciencies and tracking resolutions is now inprogress.
References
1) T. Uesaka et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res.
B266, 4218 (2008).
2) T. Kawabata et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res.
B266, 4201 (2008).
3) K. Miki et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
4) H. Miya et al.: CNS Ann. Rep. (2008);
H. Miya et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
5) H. Kumagai et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res.
A470, 562 (2004).

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of Low-Pressure Multi-Wire Drift Chamberwith Stripped Cathodes
H. Miya,∗1 S. Shimoura,∗1 A. Saito∗2 T. Kawabata,∗1 S. Michimasa,∗1 H. Kurei,∗1 K. Miki,∗2,∗3 K. Nakanishi,∗1
S. Ota,∗1 Y. Sasamoto,∗1,∗3 T. Uesaka,∗1 and H. Sakai∗2
We are developing Low-Pressure Muliti-Wire Drift
Chambers with stripped cathodes (LP-MWDCs)1) .
The LP–MWDC is used as a tracking detector in ahigh-resolution beam line2) for experiments using theSHARAQ spectrometer3) . The designed values such as
the position resolution, efficiency and counting rate of
the LP-MWDC are described in the previous report1) .
The LP–MWDC is designed for operation at a low
pressure of counter gas to reduce the amount of materials. High efficiencies are required for light RI beamsuch as 12 N, 12 B, and 8 He at 100–300 MeV/nucleon.
Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the LP–MWDC
with stripped cathodes. The LP–MWDC consists of 2
anode layers and 4 cathode layers. The outside cathodelayers are stripped and connected with the delay line.
The signals from the cathodes are read out through thedelay lines which were developed for RIKEN PPAC4) .
The hit positions are determined both by the anodewires and stripped cathodes. Also, the position information of the cathode is used to resolve left-rightambiguity of the anodes. The counter gas is isobutane using as little as 20 kPa. The specifications are
summarized in Table 1.

Table 1. Specification of the LP–MWDC with stripped
cathodeseffective area
layer pattern
anode wirepotential wire
cell size
cathodesstrip width and pitch
counter gas

96×96 mm2
CX -AY -C-C-AX -CY
20 µmφ , Au-W
75 µmφ , Au-Cu
6×6 mm2
Aluminized mylar, 1.5 µmt
2.4 mm and 0.1 mm
isobutane, 4–20 kPa

parable to the 12 N beam at 200 MeV/nucleon. Here,
we report results of a test experiment for checking thedetection efficiencies, position extraction and energyloss resolution involved in a simulation condition.
The experiment was performed with the beam at
the E7B course at RIKEN RIBF operated by RIKEN
Nishina Center and CNS, University of Tokyo. The αbeam at 8.8 MeV/nucleon was supplied by the AVF
Cyclotron. Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the experimental setup. A plastic scintillator, with the sizeof 5 mmt and 50×50 mm2 , was placed at the downstream of the LP–MWDC as a trigger counter. The
LP–MWDC was operated at the gas pressure between
4 kPa and 20 kPa. The timing signal of the anodes
and cathodes and the pulse height of the cathodes
were taken with a CAEN V1190A multi-hit TDC anda CAEN V792N QDC respectively.
Vacuum Chamber
Gate valve

Light Guide

LP-MWDCPMTα BeamAl, ZnS

Plastic Scint.

Fig. 2. Schematic view of the experimental setup
Fig. 1. Schematic view of the LP–MWDC with stripped
cathodesThe LP–MWDC was tested for the α beam at 8.8
MeV/nucleon. The energy-loss of the α beam is com∗1∗2∗3

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
Riken Nishina center

Figure 3 shows the detection efficiency of anode signals at a gas pressure of 20 kPa (open triangle), 15 kPa(closed square) 10 kPa (open square), 5 kPa (closed
circle), and 4 kPa (open circle) as a function of thevoltage applied to the cathodes and potential wires.
The threshold levels of the anodes were evaluated tobe 100 fC based on the energy loss of the α beam andthe gas multiplication factor5) . The efficiency of the- 173 -

1

Counts

600
500
400
300
FWHM
200

FWHM

100
0

Fig. 3. The efficiencies of the anodes for gas pressures as afunction of the applied voltage .

anodes reaches up to ∼ 100% at a low pressure in therange from 4 kPa to 20 kPa. The efficiency of theanodes satisfied the requirement.
Counts1400

Carbon and Nitrogen with the same velocity. Energyloss resolutions at 10 kPa and 20 kPa are 20% and 30%, respectively. The LP–MWDC should be operated
at a higher gas pressure to obtain higher energy-loss
resolution for the discrimination of the particles.
1) A. Saito et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40 (2007).
2) T. Uesaka et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res.
B266 (2008) 4218.
3) T. Kawabata et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res.
B266 (2008) 4201.
4) H. Kumagai et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. in Phys. Res.
A470 (2004) 562.
5) A. Saito et al.: CNS Ann. Rep. (2008).
6) R. Vcenho : program GARF IELD - simulation of
gaseous detectors http://garfield.web.cern.ch/garfield/

1000
800
600
400
200
-10

0

10

20

30

40
50
60
Drift Time [ns]Fig. 4. Drift time distribution. The histogram is the distribution of the experimental data. The solid line is the
distribution by folding the drift time obtained by meansof Monte Carlo simulation.

Figure 4 shows the drift time distribution of theanode wire at 4.7 kPa and 850 V. The histogramis the experimental data, while the solid line is the
distribution by folding the drift time distribution obtained by means of Monte Carlo simulation using the
GARF IELD code5) . The distribution of the simulation is fitted to the experimental data. The function of
space-time calibration is obtained with the simulation.
Figure 5 shows the charge distribution of the cathodes at 4.7 kPa. The energy-loss resolution evaluatedfrom the data is found to be 40% in FWHM. The magnitude is compatible with an energy-loss difference for2

Fig. 5. Charge distribution of the cathodes.

References

1200

0

200 400 600 800 10001200140016001800
QDC Channel- 174 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Performance evaluation of low-pressure multiwire drift chamber
K. Miki,∗1,∗4 A. Saito,∗1 H. Miya,∗2 S. Shimoura,∗2 T. Kawabata,∗2 H. Kurei,∗2 S. Michimasa,∗2 K. Nakanishi,∗2
S. Noji,∗1 S. Ota,∗2 Y. Sasamoto,∗2,∗4 T. Tokieda,∗2 T. Yoshida,∗3 T. Uesaka∗2 , and H. Sakai∗1
4.8 mm

LP-MWDC - DCF31

2.5 mm1

Low-pressure multiwire drift chambers (LP-MWDCs)
have been developed1) as beam line detectors (BLDs)
for the high-resolution measurement using the newly
constructed spectrometer SHARAQ2) in RIBF. Oneof the largest physical motivations of SHARAQ is to
explore unknown regions in nuclear physics via theexothermic charge exchange reaction using radioactive
isotope (RI) beams. For the high-resolution measurement with RI beams, the following requirements are
imposed on the BLDs:(1) position resolution better than 300 µm (FWHM)
for the precise ray tracing.
(2) gas pressure as low as possible for sufficiently
small energy struggling and multiple scattering
effects.
(3) efficiency close to 100% for the event-by-event
tracking.
The performances of LP-MWDCs were tested by using an accelerated beam3) . In this article, we report on
the performance evaluation for one of the LP-MWDCs,
DCF31. DCF31 will be installed at BigRIPS-F3, whichis the starting point of the high-resolution beam transport. The specifications and the schematic figure of
DCF31 are shown in Table 1 and Fig. 1, respectively.
Among the developed LP-MWDCs, DCF31 has thesmallest cell size, 5 × 4.8 mm2 , and therefore it canwork at a relatively high rate. This feature is favorable
for the use at F3, where the beam spot size is a few
millimeters.
Table 1. Specifications of DCF31.
Number of planes
Number of cells
Cell size
Sensitive Area
Anode wire
Potential wire
Cathode foil
Operation Gas

8 (X1 X1 ’Y1 Y1 ’X2 X2 ’Y2 Y2 ’)
16 cells/plane
5 mmw × 4.8 mmt
80 mm × 80 mm
Au-W 12.5 µm
Cu-W 75 µm
Al-PET 2 µm
pure isobutane

10
9
8
7

Experiment

The experiment was performed at the E7 experimental hall in RIBF. The α beam was accelerated
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Department of Physics, University of Tokyo
CNS, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
RIKEN Nishina Center

Y

X

11
10
9
8
7

z
anode wirepotential wirecathode6

X1 X1' Y1 Y1' X2Fig. 1. The schematic view of DCF31.

up to 8.8 MeV/nucleon by the AVF Cyclotron andwas transported to the E7B course. The α beam at
8.8 MeV/nucleon gives the same energy loss in DCF31
as the 12 N beam at 250 MeV/nucleon, which is a candidate for RI beam used in SHARAQ experiments. The
transported α beam was defocused around DCF31 sothat the beam covered a large part of the sensitivearea. The signals from anode wires were amplified anddiscriminated by the REPIC RPA-131 cards. Since
the typical noise level was about 5 mV, the thresholdof RPA-131 was set to 10 mV throughout the measurement. The timing information was digitized by
the CAEN V1190A multi-hit TDC. The plastic scintillator with a thickness of 0.1 mm was installed about
60-cm upstream of DCF31. The signals from the photo
multiplier tubes triggered the data acquisition system.
One problem is that the number of crosstalks with
the neighbor cells increases as the applied high voltage(HV) increases. This problem was solved by taking thetiming information for both of the leading and trailing edges by V1190A. The pulse width of the analog
signal can be obtained from ttrail − tlead as shown in
Fig. 2. Since noise events have small pulse widths, they
are clearly separated by gating on the pulse width asshown in Fig. 3.
3

2

11

X

ResultThe obtained TDC spectrum is shown in Fig. 4. It
has an ordinary shape which consists of a strong peak
and a flat region. The width of the spectrum, corresponding to the drift time in a half-cell size, was about
40 nsec. This is consistent with the simulated value of
43 nsec by the program Garfield4) .
Figure 5 shows the efficiency curve obtained at gas- 175 -

1pressures of 5 kPa, 10 kPa and 20 kPa. The efficiency
was estimated by YX2 /Ytrigger , where YX2 is the number of yields for X2 plane and Ytrigger is the number oftriggered events. At 5 kPa, the applied HV tripped before the efficiency reached 100%. On the other hand,at 10 kPa and 20 kPa, it reached about 100% withthe applied HV above 800 V and 900 V, respectively.
Therefore the requirements (2) and (3) were met sufficiently.
The position resolution for each anode plane is estimated by the variance (residue) of the ray fitting. The
overall position resolution for DCF31 is given using thehalf of it. The obtained resolution is shown in Fig. 6.
The requirement (1) is satisfied above 8 kPa.
In summary, it was confirmed that the performanceof DCF31 is satisfactory as a BLD at F3. DCF31
will be operated at a gas pressure of 10 kPa in the
SHARAQ commissioning and in the subsequent experiments.

References
1) A. Saito et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40 (2007) 157.
2) T. Uesaka et al.: Nucl. Inst. Meth. B266 (2008) 4218.
3) A. Saito et al.: in this report.
4) R. Veenhof: program GARFIELD - simulation of
gaseous detectors - http://garfield.web.cern.ch/garfield/.

Fig. 4. Typical TDC spectrum obtained at 20 kPa and950 V.

thresholdAnodesignalV1190A/B

tlead

trailingedge

leadingedge

RPA-131
Output

Pulse
width

time

ttrailFig. 2. Pulse width of the anode signal obtained by
V1190A. It is given by ttrail − tlead .
Fig. 5. Efficiency curve at 5 kPa, 10 kPa and 20 kPa. The
efficiency is sufficiently high above 800 V (900 V) at
10 kPa (20 kPa), respectively.

Fig. 3. Event selection by gating on pulse widths. Noise
events have small pulse widths and are clearly separated
from true signals.

2- 176 -

Fig. 6. Position resolution obtained for each of gas pressures. The requirement is satisfied above ∼8 kPa.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Focal-Plane Detector for SHARAQ Spectrometer
S. Michimasa,∗1 H. Tokieda,∗1 S. Noji,∗2 S. Shimoura,∗1 T. Uesaka,∗1 H. Sakai,∗2 P. Roussel-Chomaz,∗3
J-F. Libin,∗3 P. Gangnant,∗3 and C. Spitaels∗3[SHARAQ spectrometer, cathode-readout drift chamber]
Constructions of the SHARAQ spectrometer1) and thehigh-resolution beam line2) are making progress in
the RI Beam Factory (RIBF) at RIKEN. In order torealize high-resolution nuclear spectroscopy utilizing
radioactive-ion probes, one of key devices is a tracking detector, located in the dispersive focal plane of
SHARAQ, which is used to measure reaction Q valuesof induced reactions. Figure 1 shows a typical detector
setup installed in the final focal plane of the SHARAQ
spectrometer. The focal plane is located 3.04 m downstream from the exit of the SHARAQ-D2 magnet andis tilted at 35 degrees relative to the central orbit. The
focal-plane detector system consists of a pair of tracking detectors, and a following plastic scintillator. The
tracking detectors are used to measure the position andangle of particles and the plastic scintillator provides
timing at the focal plane and energy deposit information. We have designed and manufactured the tracking detectors for SHARAQ by collaborating with anexperimental group of GANIL.
The tracking detectors should fulfill the requirements necessary to successfully demonstrate the performance of the SHARAQ spectrometer, as summarized in Table 1. Eventually we adopted CathodeReadout Drift Chambers (CRDCs)3) operated at low
gas pressure as appropriate tracking detectors. Although similar types of tracking detectors are used as
focal-plane detectors in several magnetic spectrometers4,5) , we have to achieve smaller multiple scatteringand higher position resolution.

~750

~500

3040

Table 1. Requirements for the focal-plane detectors.
Effective area
Multiple scattering
Detection counting rate
Position resolution
Detection efficiency> 500 mm (H)×300 mm (V) 1 mrad (σ)> 103 particles/sec
300 µm (FWHM)≈ 100%

Table 2. Specifications of the CRDC for SHARAQ.
Effective area
Anode wire (A)Potential wire (P)Frisch grid wire (F)Cathode pad (C)Pitch of A-P and F-F
Distance of A-C and A-F
Mylar window
Foil used for field cage
Detector gas

550 mm (H)×300 mm (V)
10 wires, 20 µmφ
11 wires, 75 µmφ
21 wires, 75 µmφ
2 mm (H) × 50 mm (T),
2 rows ×256 pads
5 mm
3 mm
12 µm
2.5 µmIsobutane, 15–50 torr

Figure 2 shows the front view and cross section of the
CRDC designed for the SHARAQ spectrometer, andits specifications are listed in Table. 2. The effective
area of the CRDC is 550 mm horizontally and 300 mm
vertically. The total thickness of the CRDC is 219 mm,
and the depth of the sensor space is 104 mm. In thesensor part, 10 anode wires and 11 potential wires arealternately placed. The potential wires and Frisch grid
are arranged to make axially-symmetric electric fields
in the vicinity of anode wires and to minimize position
dependence in avalanche gains. The two rows of thecathode pads are arranged horizontally in the vicinity
Cross section
Sensor space

Exit of D2 Magnet

Focal Plane

Tracking Detector (1)Tracking Detector (2)Plastic Scintillator

∗2
∗3

104

SHARAQ D2 Magnet
Beam

Fig. 1. Detector setup for the dispersive focal plane of
SHARAQ.
∗1

Front view

219

Beam

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, University of TokyoGANIL, France

Drift space

35o

GASSIPLEX
Cathode pad
Anode wire
Potential wire
Frisch wire

790

Field foil
Mylar window 520

550
300

i-C4H10 gas

Beam

Drift HV plane(negative)

Fig. 2. Cross section and front view of SHARAQ CRDC.
Front view is shown at half the scale of the cross section.

- 177 -

1

of the anode wires, and each row consists of 256 cathode pads arranged with a 2.2 mm pitch. Negative highvoltage is applied in the drift space to form an electricfield for electron drift. The field cage is made up ofa drift high voltage (HV) plane and thin Mylar foils
on which gold strips are evaporated. A strip on the
Mylar foil is connected to the neighboring strips by resistances, and a parallel and constant electric field isprovided by feeding voltage to the drift HV plane.
When a particle passes through the CRDC, secondary electrons produced by gas ionization movealong the electric field produced by the field cage, andfinally cause avalanches around the anode wires. The
vertical hit position is deduced by the drift time of secondary electrons and the horizontal hit position is deduced by the charge distribution induced on the cathode pads. The maximum voltage for electron drift isdesigned to be more than 5 kV. Under this condition,
the drift time for a 30 cm length in 15-torr isobutane
gas is estimated to be approximately 6 µs by using
the GARFIELD code6) . The CRDC was designed foruse in vacuum and for operation at low pressures of 15–
50 torr. Low-pressure operation is effective not only for
reducing the thickness of gas itself but also for reducing the thickness of Mylar windows sealing the detector
gas. Multiple scattering at the CRDC is evaluated tobe approximately 0.1 mrad (σ) for 12 C at 200A MeV.
The CRDC outputs two signals of avalanches on theanode wires and two multiplexed signals of charges induced on the cathode pads. The charge induced on thecathode pads is amplified, multiplexed and read out by
using the GASSIPLEX chips developed at CERN7) .
The GASSIPLEX chips are mounted close to cathodepads inside the detector for noise reduction as shownin Fig. 2. High-multiplexed performance allows us totransmit charge signals from 256 cathode pads by using only one cable. The multiplexed signals are readby a CAEN VME sequencer8) and a CRAM module9) .
The readout process requires ∼ 500 µs in total.
We have performed operation tests of the CRDCs
with 15 torr and 30 torr isobutane using an α source.
The triggers for data acquisition were produced by anode signals from a CRDC itself. An induced charge
signal obtained from the cathode pads is shown in
Fig. 3. The histogram and curve are the obtained data
and a Gaussian fit result, respectively. Although theGaussian function, which is adopted in Ref.5) as an
induced charge distribution, roughly reproduces ourdata, further study on the shape of the charge distribution is needed to measure particle positions more
precisely. We have also studied the spark limit andavalanche gain of the anode wires. The CRDC operates stably with anode voltage as high as 1.0 kV although all cathode signals are above that range. It isreported in Ref.10) that the avalanche gain of isobutane increases by approximately 3 times as the anodevoltage increases by 100 V. Therefore, by considering2- 178 -

Fig. 3. An example of charge distribution data induced on
the cathode pads. The curve shows a Gaussian fit result.

energy losses by an alpha particle from the source andan intermediate-energy heavy ion at CRDC, we estimate that similar charge distributions are obtained by
the anode voltage of around 900 V for the case of 250AMeV 12 C particles.
In summary, we examined the setup configurationof the focal plane detectors that utilize high-resolution
features of the SHARAQ spectrometer.
A large-area and low-pressure CRDC is adopted as a
tracking detector used in SHARAQ due to its good position resolution and reduced multiple scattering. The
CRDC operated well in 15 torr and 30 torr isobutane.
This detector system will be used in the commissioning of the high-resolution beam line and the SHARAQ
spectrometer in March, 2009.
References
1) T. Uesaka et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res.
B 266, 4218 (2008).
2) T. Kawabata et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. B 266, 4201 (2008).
3) M.H. Tanaka et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 362, 521 (1995).
4) J. Yurkon et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res.
A 422, 291 (1999).
5) S. Pullanhiotan et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 593, 343 (2008).
6) R. Veenhof, GARFIELD, CERN Program Library
W5050.
7) The GASSIPLEX is a re-designed chip of the AMPLEX by J.C. Santiard of CERN. The AMPLEX isdescribed in E. Beuville et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 288, 157 (1990).
8) V551 C.A.E.N sequencer User Guide.
9) V550 C.A.E.N CRAM User Guide.
10) Yu.I. Davydov et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 545, 194 (2005).

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Gas-filled recoil ion separator GARIS-II
D. Kaji, K. Morimoto, N. Sato,∗1 A. Yoneda, and K. Morita[Gas-filled recoil ion separator, GARIS, superheavy, new element, hot fusion]
We designed a new gas-filled recoil ion separator
GARIS-II. The construction of GARIS-II started in
September 2008, and the spectrometer will be installedin the RIKEN linear accelerator (RILAC) facility in
2009.
1

Design concept

One of the world’s most active gas-filled typed recoil
separator GARIS1) is operating at RIKEN. The separator has been used as a powerful tool for nuclear decay
spectroscopy of superheavy element (SHE) nuclides
produced via Pb/Bi-based fusion reactions (cold fusion), e.g., the search for a new 113th element using the209
Bi(70 Zn,n)278 113 reaction.2,3) Recently, GARIS has
gained some experience in more asymmetric actinidebased reactions (hot fusion) with the aim of studying
physical and chemical properties of SHE.4) A gas-jet
transport system coupled to GARIS as a pre-separator
is a promising tool for next-generation SHE chemistry,i.e., identifying SHE nuclides under low backgroundconditions with high efficiency of the gas-jet transport.5) However, we also encountered some difficulties in these hot fusion studies. First, transmission in
GAIRIS becomes much lower for actinide-based asymmetric reactions,4) due to multiple scattering of therecoil ion by the filling gas atoms. Second, the background rate at the focal plane detector is 100∼1000
times higher than the cold fusion case. Third, GARIS
cannot transport recoil ions with Z >110 produced via

Cm-based fusion reactions as considering an equilibrium charge state in a helium gas by our empirical
data.6)GARIS-II was designed on the basis of extensive experiences with construction, development, and operation of GARIS. The most interesting subjects studied
by GARIS-II are chemical investigations of elementswith Z ≥104, nuclear reaction and nuclear structurestudies of the SHE nuclides up to Z∼126 produced via
actinide-based fusion reactions, and understanding theoperating principles of gas-filled typed recoil separatorssuch as the equilibrium charge state with various filling gases. Specifications and technical requirement forexperiments performed by GARIS-II are:248

• To irradiate actinide targets with high intensity
beams of 18 O to 70 Zn over at least 2 pµA, and tooperate GARIS-II under this beam condition.
– To install a differential pumping system.
– To install a rotating target system.
– To install a beam dump made of Ta plate witha water cooling.
– To install a movable and fixed slit to reducethe background due to the primary beam.
• To transport SHE nuclides produced via hot fusion reactions and achieve much higher transmission than GARIS.
– To be able to transport recoil ions with magnetic rigidity Bρ >2.16.
– To have a larger solid angle than GARIS.
– To be able to use various filling gases, such as
He and He/H2 mixture.
– To be able to use both stable targets andactinide targets, such as 248 Cm, 238 U, and232
Th with thick thickness of T >300µg/cm2 .
– To have a short total path length < 5.76 m.
• To have high background suppression for unwanted projectiles and other by-products.
• To minimize the image size of the product at the
focal plane.
2

Fig. 1. Schematic of new gas-filled recoil ion separator
GARIS-II.
∗1

Department of Physics, Tohoku University

Design and ion optical characteristics

GARIS-II consists of five magnets arranged in a Qv D-Qh -Qv -D configuration as shown in Figure 1. Thisconfiguration is the first design for the purpose of
SHE study. The magnets are manufactured by Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd., according to specifications
determined by RIKEN. Magnetic field model calcu-- 179 -

1

lations were performed to optimize the basic designof dipole and the quadruple magnets using the simulation code OPERA.7) The characteristics of dipoleand quadrupole magnets are shown in Tables 1 and
2, respectively. Ion optical characteristics were analyzed using the computer code TRANSPORT.8) The
beam envelope in horizontal and vertical direction isshown in Figure 2 as a typical result for the caseof the 248 Cm(22 Ne,5n)265 Sg reaction. Q1 provides
strong vertically focusing and this focusing power better matches D1 acceptance. D1 separates the primarybeam immediately, and mainly reduces the backgroundat the focal plane of the system. An exit angle of 30
degree provides a little horizontal focusing. D1 is an
H-type dipole magnet. The beam dump is designed
to reduce the background due to the primary beam.
Q2 and Q3 act as horizontal and vertical focusing to
the focal plane of the system. D2 separates unwanted
transfer products and light charged particles
Table 3 provides a comparison between GARIS andGARIS-II in terms of the most important ion opticalcharacteristics and its expected performance for typical hot fusion reactions of (A) 248 Cm(18 O,5n)261 Rf,(B) 248 Cm(22 Ne,5n)265 Sg, (C) 248 Cm(26 Mg,5n)269 Hs,and (D) 238 U(48 Ca,3n)283 112. Transmission was calculated while considering multiple scattering in target,
angular spread by evaporation process, and multiple
scattering in the filling gas. The solid angle is increased
from 12.2 to 20.2 msr, approximately 1.7 times higher
than GARIS. Therefore, transmission of GARIS-II is
expected to be 2∼4 times higher than GARIS. The
number of magnetic elements is increased from 4 to 5,
and the total path length of the separator is decreased

Table 1. Characteristics of dipole magnets

Deflecting angle [deg]Maximum field [T]Pole gap [mm]Radius of central ray [mm]Entrance angle [deg]Exit angle [deg]Max. AT/pole [AT]Number of turns/poleMax. current [A]

D1
30
1.74
150
1440
0
30
285600
476
600

D2
7
0.86
200
2850
7
-7
146160
336
435

2

Q1
12.2
330
75
37800
108
330

Q2
4.70
250
150
59070
179
330

from 5.76 to 5.12 m. The separator vacuum chamber
is filled with He (or He/H2 mixture) from the the focal
plane detector setup to the target region. The differential pumping system separates the helium fillingfrom the high vacuum of the beam line. Continuous
filling gas flow into the target chamber is regulated bya pressure/flow controller.
Table 3. Ion optical characteristics of GARIS-II and transmission anticipated for some types of hot fusions

Configuration
Ang. acceptance (X) [mrad]
Ang. acceptance (Y) [mrad]
Solid angle [msr]Total path length [m]Maximum Bρ[Tm]Possible SHE search [Z]Dispersion [mm/%]Transmission for reaction (A)Transmission for reaction (B)Transmission for reaction (C)Transmission for reaction (D)GARIS
DQh Qv D
±61
±57
12.2
5.76
2.16
116
9.7
2%
4%
7%
32%

GARIS-IIQv DQh Qv D
±48
±118
20.2
5.12
2.44
126
17.7
8%
16%
28%
75%

References
1) K. Morita et al.: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B70, 220(1992).
2) K. Morita, K. Morimoto, D. Kaji et al.: J. Phys. Soc.
Jpn. 73, 2593 (2004).
3) K. Morita , K. Morimoto, D. Kaji et al.: J. Phys. Soc.
Jap. 7 ６, 045001 (2007).
4) H. Haba, D. Kaji et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 42,(2009).
5) H. Haba, D. Kaji et al.: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 8, 55(2007).
6) D. Kaji, Dr. Thesis, Graduate School of Science andTechnology, Niigata University, Niigata (2003).
7) http://www.ces-kbk.com/sdi-sp/vf/index.htm8) K. L. Brown et al.: SLAC Report No. 91 Rev. 1, 1974.

Table 2. Characteristics of quadrupole magnets

Max. field gradient [T/m]Pole length [mm]Bore radius [mm]Max. AT/pole [AT]Number of turns/poleMax. current [A]Fig. 2. Beam envelope of 265 Sg ion calculated by TRANSPORT. Maximum horizontal and vertical angular acceptances are 48 and 118 mrad, respectively.

Q3
5.27
450
150
59070
179
330

- 180 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Designing of ionization chamber for super-heavy elements
K. Ozeki, T. Sumita,∗1 K. Morimoto, D. Kaji, N. Sato,∗2 H. Haba, Y. Kudou, A. Yoneda, and K. Morita
In the field of super-heavy elements, the direct measurements of atomic number Z and mass number A of
produced nucleus is a challenging task. One of the way
to identify Z and A is to measure the energy loss perunit length dE/dx, and to measure total energy bystopping incident nucleus in a detector, respectively.
A is derived from the combination of total energy andvelocity of the nucleus. In the region of our interest(Z > 100, A > 250), the density of electron-hole pairs
or primary electrons is too high in the semiconductor
detector or even in a normal gas detector, because oflarge dE/dx. Too high density of electron-hole pairs
provokes the recombination of electrons and holes. The
number of electrons collected to electrodes comes to be
unproportional to energy loss. As a result, the precise
measurement of energy loss becomes almost impossible.
In this work, we make an attempt to operate the ionization chamber with low pressure to reduce the density of primary electrons. Our final aim is to measure
the energy loss with a high degree of accuracy to identify Z and A of super-heavy elements.
Our detector is used for the nuclei with the totalenergy of several tens of MeV. Therefore, an amountof material other than gas filled in the effective area
must be reduced as much as possible. For this purpose,
anode and cathode electrodes are assembled parallel tothe incident direction of nuclei. In addition, the anodeelectrode is segmented perpendicular to the incident
direction of nuclei to measure dE/dx.
A prototype of the ionization chamber was previously constructed. As a result of operating tests using
241
Am and electric field computations using a Garfieldcode1) , a structural defect was found — a parallel electric field could not be formed in the effective area. In
such a deformed electric field, analog signals obtained
from each segment of anode electrode do not reflect
the energy loss in corresponding segmented area because a part of electrons drift into a segment otherthan the segment in which the electrons are generated
originally. Thus, it is impossible to measure dE/dx
correctly using this prototype ionization chamber.
Consequently, we redesigned a new ionization chamber. The electric fields under various geometries andapplied voltages we could envision are computed toachieve parallel electric field in the effective area using
the Garfield code.
Figure 1 shows optimized geometry of the ionization chamber and voltages applied to each constituent.
∗1∗2

Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science
Department of Physics, Tohoku University

Computed electric fields using the Garfield code underprevious and optimized geometries are also shown.
The voltages applied to anode and cathode electrodes are 450 V and 100 V respectively. The effective
area is held at higher potential than surrounding wallof ground. A ratio of applied voltages must be kept
even if applied voltages are changed from the requirements such as detection efficiency or counting rate.
The field wires are arranged in three columns at both
upstream and down stream of the effective area. The
distance between wires is 2.5 mm. The distance between wire columns is 5 mm. The voltage between
neighboring wires is 5 V. The voltages applied to wires
in the outer two columns are higher than those in the
inner one column by a 5 V. A difference in potential
between surrounding ground and field wires causes deformed electric field, especially in the vicinity of anode electrode. By applying higher voltage to the outercolumns, parallel electric field in the effective area
could be achieved.
Two columns of wires are arranged on the lateralsides of the effective area. Similarly, the voltages applied to wires in outer column are higher than those in
the inner column.
A new prototype of ionization chamber with the geometry described above has been constructed. The
operating tests using 241 Am have just been started.

Fig. 1. Left: An optimized geometry of the ionizationchamber and voltages applied to each constituent.
Right: Computed electric fields under previous geometry (upper panel) and optimized geometry (lower
panel).

References
1) http://garfield.web.cern.ch/garfield/- 181 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)2009)

The Potential of a new LaBr3(Ce) Based γ-Ray
Spectrometer for Fast-Beam Experiments at the RIBF
P. Doornenbal, H. Scheit, N. Aoi, T. Motobayashi, H. Sakurai, and S. Takeuchi[Gamma-ray detection, high resolution scintillators]
Gamma-ray spectroscopy at intermediate and relativistic beam energies for present state-of-the-art spectrometers is hampered by either an energy resolution of
only about 10 % if scintillation detectors are employed
or by a very low full energy peak (FEP) eﬃciency for
Ge-based arrays. For the former, the intrinsic energy
resolution is the limiting factor, while Ge has an excellent energy resolution, but is a very expensive material. Thus, a Ge-based spectrometer covering the entire solid angle to obtain a high FEP eﬃciency would
be extremely costly, in particular since pulse shaping
algorithms have to be applied that keep the Dopplerbroadening due to the detectors’ opening angles small.
The new scintillation material LaBr3 (Ce) possesses
energy resolutions of 2 and 3 % (FWHM) at Eγ = 1333
and 662 keV1) , respectively, unprecedented for scintillators. Due to its highly reduced price per volume
compared to Ge material and the high γ-ray absorption
coeﬃcient, LaBr3 (Ce) is an excellent choice to build a
4π γ-ray spectrometer. This array is suited especiallywell for in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy if crystal geometries are chosen that minimize the Doppler broadening.
To study the potential of a LaBr3 (Ce) based spectrometer for the recently commissioned Radioactive Isotope
Beam Factory (RIBF), simulations with the GEANT4
package are performed.
The aims for the complete array are set to an energy resolution of 3 % (FWHM) and a FEP eﬃciencyof 40 % for 1 MeV γ-rays emitted at 100 MeV/u. The
geometry of all single crystals is chosen to have an identical boxed-shape to ensure a high amount of ﬂexibility
for changes in the conﬁguration of the complete array.
The crystals are arranged in rings of the same polar
angle in such a way that the opening angle induced
Doppler broadening is kept constant for all detectors.

To reduce the Al housing material, part of the crystals are put into common housings of two and three
crystals, respectively.
Taking these restrictions into account, diﬀerent detector geometries have been investigated. Fig. 1 shows
the conﬁguration for crystal sizes of 15 × 40 × 80 mm3
and a total of 915 detectors. For this conﬁguration,
the simulated energy resolution and FEP eﬃciency for
1 MeV γ-rays emitted at 100 MeV/u are 3.1 % and
38 %, respectively, including the reconstruction of thetotal energy for add-back events.
These values have to be compared with present γray detection arrays as DALI22) and RISING3) . TheDALI2 array was simulated in the conﬁguration with
182 NaI(Tl) detectors, while for RISING the 15 Ge
Cluster and 8 Ge Miniball detectors were taken into
account. The comparison of the three arrays is given
in Tab. 1. The gain of energy resolution is about a factor three compared to DALI2, while the FEP eﬃciency
is higher. Compared to RISING, the energy resolution
is about at the same level, while the gain in FEP efﬁciency is more than a factor six. A high eﬃciency
is extremely important to pin down new level schemeswith multiple decays from γ-γ coincidences. Here, theadvantage for two coincident 1 MeV γ-ray decays detected is about a factor 40 over RISING, demonstrating the high potential of a new LaBr3 (Ce) based γ-ray
detection array.
Table 1. Comparison of simulated energy Resolutions and
FEP eﬃciencies �F EP for 1 MeV γ-rays emitted at
100 MeV/u of the γ-ray detection arrays DALI2, RISING, and the LaBr3 (Ce) based array. �2F EP corresponds
to two 1 MeV γ-rays with both FEPs being detected.
Array
DALI2
RISING
LaBr3 (Ce)Energy resolution [%]
8.4
2.5
3.1

�F EP [%]
30
638

�2F EP [%]
9
0.36
14

References
1) Brilliance Scintillators Performance Summary,www.detectors.saint-gobain.com.
2) S. Takeuchi et al., RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 36, 148(2003).
3) H.J. Wollersheim et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. in Phys. Res.
A537, 637 (2005).
Fig. 1. Schematic Layout of LaBr3 (Ce) array.

- 182 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Beta-counting systems for decay-spectroscopy projects†
S. Nishimura,∗ N. Uematsu,∗1 T. Sumikama,∗1 S. Bishop,∗2 J. Chiba,∗1 K. Ieki,∗3 C. Ishii,∗1
M. Kurata-Nishimura, M. Matsushita,∗3 Y. Miyashita,∗1 H. Sakurai, Y.Shiraki,∗1 H. Yoshii,∗1 K. Yoshinaga,1and H. Watanabe[Nuclear structure, unstable nuclei, beta-decay]
Beta-decay studies are unique and powerful probesof nuclear structure. The high sensitivity of beta
counting systems is essential, especially to approach
nuclei farthest from stability with extremely low production rates. We have developed two types of betacounting systems to extract decay properties of rareisotopes such as half-lives, level-schemes, and Qβ dedicated for fast beam experiments. The preparation status of decay spectroscopy projects will be reported.
1

DSSSD

A high resolution beta-counting system consisting ofsix double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSSD : Micron Model W1-1000) has been developed. This system is designed for high efficiency beta-gamma spectroscopy. The position correlation of the implanted
ions and associated decay beta-rays enables us to deduce the decay curves without pulsing the beam. Simultaneous measurements of heavy-ions and beta-rays
require an extremely wide dynamic range of readout
electronics. Thus, we have developed low noise readout electronics with the dynamic range from 20 keV to
4 GeV2) . In addition, a freezer system was introduced
to cool the DSSSD down to -25 degree to minimize thethreshold energies as well as to reduce radiation damage in the DSSSD. The performance of the DSSSD
system was tested using heavy-ion beams as reported
in Reference3) . This system can be used for high efficiency gamma-ray measurements associated with betadecay and isomeric decay by incorporating Ge detectors. Five Clover type Ge detectors can be placed surrounding the DSSSD in close geometry. Three independent automatic refilling systems of liquid nitrogen
have been developed for stable operation of the Gedetector array.
2

tor (TPS: φ500mm x1000mm, 20mmt ) as an active implantation target. The other is a twenty-four positionsensitive photomultiplier-tube (PSPMT: Hamamatsu
H8500) array arranged inside the TPS1) . The TPS
consisting of 4 x 104 pixel scintillators (5x5x20mm3 )is designed to be rotated to measure the half-livesof many isotopes simultaneously. The positions ofbeta-rays are reconstructed by measuring the pulse
height differences of the PSPMT’s anode lines with aregistive-chain. Figure 1 shows the correlation between
the position of beta source 90 Sr and the reconstructed
position from the PSPMT with a rotation speed of
TPS at 60 rpm. We confirmed an adequate position
resolution of σ ∼ 4mm after position calibration.
Reconstruction of decay curves for isotopes in a
cocktail beam environment requires event matching of
implanted ions with associated decays. We have developed new analysis frame (r2pro.cxx: Rawdata-ToPaw-ROot), which provides the platforms for CERNLIB (cfortran)4) and ROOT5) users. Online monitoring will also be implemented in the code in oder tohave a consistent analysis frame.
References
1) S.Nishimura, et al., Accel. Prog. Rep. 41 (2008) 149.
2) N.Uematsu, et al., Accel. Prog. Rep. 41 (2008) 151.
3) N.Uematsu, et al., in this progress report.
4) URL: http://cernlib.web.cern.ch/cernlib
5) URL: http://root.cern.ch

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CAITEN

Decay spectroscopy of rare-isotopes at a high counting rate of beams is challenging for a high statistics
decay spectroscopy experiment. We have developed
a novel system (CAITEN) comprised of two primarysubsystems. One is a large cylindrical plastic scintilla†
∗1
∗2
∗3

supported by RIKEN President’s Discretionary Fund andkakenhi grant (19340074).
Tokyo University of Science
TU München
Rikkyo University

Fig. 1. Correlation between location of beta-source and reconstructed position using PSPMTs.

- 183 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Beam test of double-sided silicon-strip detector for decay
spectroscopy
N. Uematsu,∗1 T. Sumikama,∗1 S. Nishimura, J. Chiba,∗1 T. Hashimoto,∗2 S. Hayakawa,∗2 C. Ishii,∗1
S. Kubono,∗2 Y. Miyashita,∗1 T. Murakami,∗3 Y. Shiraki,∗1 Y. Wakabayashi,∗2 H. Watanabe, H. Yamaguchi,∗2
H. Yoshii,∗1 and K. Yoshinaga,∗1
Decay spectroscopy is one of the most powerful tool
to study an exotic structure of unstable nuclei. Unstable nuclei with several hundreds MeV/nucleon provided by the BigRIPS are stopped in an active stopper at the end of the beam line. β and γ rays emitted
from stopped nuclei are detected by double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSDs) as the active stopper, of
which thickness is 1 mm, and Clover-type Ge detectors
surrounding the stopper, respectively.
A total energy of implanted nuclei is measured forparticle identification by DSSD, and its β decay is detected by the same DSSD. The energy loss of a β ray
is very small compared with the energy loss at implantation of unstable nuclei. The typical energy loss for β
ray with several MeV is 300 keV in 1mm-thick silicon.
The length passing through and also the energy loss
in the DSSD changes as a function of the implantation depth and the emission direction of β ray. So theenergy loss ranges down to 0 keV.
A new readout system of DSSD has been developed,
which has a wide dynamic range from 20 keV to 4 GeV
1). The signal was divided into the two pre-amplifierswith low and high gains for several-GeV and down to
20 keV energy-loss detection, respectively. And weneed to make a position correlation between the implantation and the emitted β ray in order to know theparent nucleus of β decay under the condition of a continuous and cocktail beam. Here, we report the test of
this readout system using stable beam of 132 Xe at HIMAC and unstable beam of 18 N at CNS Radio Isotope
Beam separator2) (CRIB).
The energy deposit in the DSSD with 1 mm thick is
4 GeV at a maximum for neutron-rich nuclei around110
Zr. In order to test the measurement of such a large
energy deposit with DSSD, we have performed an experiment using a 132 Xe beam with 400 MeV/nucleon
at HIMAC. Since the 132 Xe beam passed through the
DSSD, not the total energy but the energy loss ∆E in
the DSSD was measured. Three kinds of ∆E between
2 - 3 GeV were measured, where ∆E was changed bydegrading the beam energy using adjustable aluminumenergy degraders. Figure 1 shows the ∆E spectrumof 2.03 GeV and Fig. 2 shows the energy scale using∆E = 2.03, 2.18 and 2.83 GeV. The measured scale
was linear, but the extrapolation of the line to the
∗1
∗2
∗3

Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology,
Tokyo University of Science
Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics, Kyoto University

ID
Entries
Mean
RMS

100
3875
129.8
222.8

10 3

10 2

10

1
0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Energy (Arb.)

Fig. 1. Energy loss of 132 Xe beam in the Si detector. Horizontal scale is arbitrary unit. Peak position corresponds
to 2.03 GeV.

Fig. 2. Energy scale using three kinds of energy loss of132
Xe. Dashed line shows an extrapolation based on
response for pulser.

lower energy deviated from the zero channel. This deviation was consistent with the result using a pulser
as written in the previous report1) . When a signal isbeyond a saturation of the high-gain preamplifier, theratio of charge division changes and the energy scale of
the readout system including the low-gain preamplifier
is bended. The energy resolution was about 1.5 % asshown in Tab. 1. The resolution was not good due tothe saturation of the high-gain preamplifier. This res-- 184 -

1

olution is, however, good enough to identify a charge
state of an in-flight particle with Z = 40.

10 4

Table 1. Energy resolution in FWHM as a function of energy loss, ∆E, in the DSSD.

10 3∆E (GeV)
2.03
2.18
2.83

FWHM (％)
1.7±0.4
1.5±0.5
1.1±0.3

ID
Entries
Mean
RMS

109
129066
154.6
139.7

10 2

10

References
1) N. Uematsu and S. Nishimura, RIKEN Accel. Prog.
Rep. 41 (2008) 151.

2

- 185 -

1

0

200

400

600

800

1000

ADC (Channel)

Fig. 3. Energy loss of β ray in the first DSSD. The dased
line shows the coincidence spectrum with the second
DSSD. 400 ch was about 300 keV.

CountsWe have tested the β-ray detection and the position correlation by using the unstable beam. 18 N
(T1/2 = 624 ms) beam was produced through the reaction, 9 Be(18 O, 18 N)9 B and separated by CRIB, and theenergy implanted in DSSD was 50 MeV. The total production rate was 14 cps and the purity of the 18 N beam
was 14%. Main contaminant was 17 N (T1/2 = 4.17 s)
and its purity was 56%. Two 1mm-thick DSSDs wereplaced at F2 of CRIB. The 18 N was implanted in thefirst DSSD. The implantation position was determinedfrom a strip which have largest signal among strips.
The strips of the second DSSD was connected together
because this DSSD was used for the coincidence about
β ray.
The 18 N was implanted near the surface, therfore
the β ray emitted to the direction of the surface was
not detected. On the other hand, the β ray emitted
to another surface was detected, of which a minimum
energy loss was 300 keV. The energy-loss spectrum of
β ray in DSSD was shown in Fig. 3. The coincidence
spectrum with another DSSD was shown as the dashedline. The noise less than 200 ch and the energy loss of
300 keV around 400 ch were clearly separated. Whilethe noise level at F2 of CRIB was higher than 20 keV,
the lower noise level is expected at the BigRIPS beamline because the 20 keV was achieved at a cave aroundthe BigRIPS in the previous test1) . The time spectrumof β decay under the position correlation between theimplantation and the decay events was shown in Fig. 4.
The half life was determined to be 560 ± 70 ms, which
was consistent with the known value 624 ms3) . The
decay event of 18 N was extracted purely against βunstable contaminants.
In summary, we tested the DSSD with the newly developed readout system using the stable beam of 132 Xe
at HIMAC and the unstable beam of 18 N at CRIB. The
signal of 2 - 3 GeV energy loss of 132 Xe beam was measured. The linearity and the resolution were checked.
The β ray from 18 N was measured by the DSSD where
18
N was implanted. The decay event was extracted by
the position correlation between the implantation andthe β ray. The performance satisfied the requirementof the decay spectroscopy.

80

ID
Entries
Mean
RMS

50

P1
P2

110
473
641.0
508.9
5.233 / 8
45.03
567.0

5.780
74.31

20

10

5

2
0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

Time (sec)Fig. 4. Time spectrum from the implantation of 18 N to theβ-ray detection with the position correlation between
the implantation and the β ray. The line shows thebest fit of decay curve with no background component.

2) Y. Yanagisawa et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. A, 539 (2005)
74.
3) R.B. Firestone et al., Table of Isotopes, 8th ed., A
Wiley-Interscience Publication, (1996).

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of thick solid hydrogen target
T. Moriguchi,∗1 A. Ozawa,∗1 S. Ishimoto,∗2 K. Tanaka, M. Takechi, Y. Yasuda,∗3 Y. Ito,∗1
K. Ogawa,∗1 H. Ooishi,∗1 and Y. Ishibashi∗1
We have developed a thick solid hydrogen target(SHT)1,2) to use for reaction cross-section measurements of unstable nuclei. Until now, a liquid hydrogentarget (LHT) was used in the measurements at RIKEN
3). SHT has some advantages compared to LHT. (1)In SHT, distension of entrance and exit windows is lessthan that in LHT, and that allows us to make a target
with a large area; thinner entrance and exit windows
are also available with SHT. (2) In SHT, temperature
control is not necessary. (3) Density of SHT is larger
than that of LHT.
Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a target cell of
SHT. The cell is made of a copper block, which allow
us to make SHT with φ50 mm diameter and 100 mm
length. Thickness of this SHT corresponds to about
2
0.9 g/cm . Beam windows of SHT were made of kapton foils with 25µm thickness. To cool the target cell
we used a cryocooler refrigerator, which has a coolingpower of 1.5W at 4.2K. Hydrogen gas is put into thecell through an SUS tube, as shown in Fig. 1.
Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the vacuum
chamber for SHT and the system to supply hydrogen gas. The SHT cell is surrounded by the thermalradiation shield in the vacuum chamber (∼ 10−6 Torr).
The thermal radiation shield made of copper shields
the SHT cell from external heat. The cryocooler connected to the He compressor was used to cool the SHT
cell. It takes 4 hours to reach about 5K. Only the necessary amount of hydrogen gas is supplied into the H2tank since the gas is flammable. Hydrogen gas was
supplied into the SHT cell at a constant pressure (100Torr) by a control valve. After starting the supply ofgas to the SHT cell, it takes 150 minutes to completeB.G.

H2 gasPiraniControl V.

He
Comp.
H2 gasChiller

300L

TMP

Cryocooler

SHT CellH2 Tank

R.P.
B.G.

ThermalRadiation Shield
VacuumChamber
Pirani

Penning

Fig. 2. Schematic view of system to supply hydrogen gas.

the SHT. Figure 3 shows a picture of a typical completed SHT. Dark shadows on the top of the figure
are cracks which were produced just after completionof the SHT. If the gas pressure is high, more cracks
are produced. On the other hand, if the gas pressure
is low, hydrogen gas remains in the SHT as bubbles.
The system is maintained at a constant optimal pressure of 100 Torr to minimize cracks and bubbles. The
SHT can be melted by a heater, located at the top of
the cell, and it returns to the H2 tank (see Fig. 2) gas.
At the beginning of this recovery process, we also use
a silicon rubber heater, which wraps the recovery tube
in order to melt solid hydrogen inside the tube. Total
time for recovery is about 30 minutes.
The present SHT system was installed at F11 of thezero degree spectrometer for Day-one experiment in
December 2008. We checked homogeneity of SHT byusing the secondary beam and measured the chargechanging cross-section for some light neutron-rich nuclei. Analysis of the results is now in progress.

Fig. 3. Appearance of typical SHT.

References
Fig. 1. Schematic view of SHT cell.
∗1
∗2
∗3

Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba
KEK(High Energy Accelerator Research Organization)
Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University

1) S. Ishimoto et al.: Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 480, 304(2002).
2) S. Ishimoto et al.: Phys. Lett. A 299, 622 (2002).
3) K. Tanaka et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 39 151(2006).

- 186 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Parasitic production of slow RI-beam from a projectile fragment
separator by ion guide Laser Ion Source (PALIS)
T. Sonoda, M. Wada, A. Takamine, K. Okada,∗1 P. Schury, A. Yoshida, T. Kubo, Y. Matsuo, T. Furukawa, T.
Wakui,∗2 T. Shinozuka,∗2 H. Iimura,∗3 Y. Yamazaki, I. Katayama,∗4 S. Ohtani,∗5 H. Wollnik,∗6 H.A.
Schuessler,∗7 Y. Kudryavtsev,∗8 P. Van Duppen,∗8 and M. Huyse∗8
A new heavy ion accelerator facility and a projectile
fragment separator, BigRIPS1) provide a wide varietyof short-lived radioactive isotope (RI) ions without restrictions on their lifetime or chemical properties. The
beams are however, not adequate for precision atomic
spectroscopy. We therefore proposed a universal slow
RI-beam (SLOWRI) facility as one of principal facilities of RIBF using a gas catcher cell with an RF-carpet
ion guide2) . The R&D work for SLOWRI is successfully progressing and some spectroscopy experiments
on Be ions have been performed3,4) . Beam time atsuch a modern accelerator facility, however, is always
limited and operational costs are often high. We therefore propose an additional new method to drasticallyenhance the usability of such an expensive facility. At
RIBF, a single primary beam produces thousands ofisotopes simultaneously but only one isotope is used
for an experiment while the other >99.99% of isotopes
are simply thrown away. We propose a new method
to collect such dead isotopes for a slow RI-beam byinstalling a laser ionization gas catcher in the vicinityof the first or second focal points of the fragment separator BigRIPS, which will provide parasitic RI-beams
free of operational cost.
The fragment separator, BigRIPS, consists of a pairof magnetic separators with an energy degrader placedin between. A single isotope beam is, in principle,
obtained by the two-stage separation. All contaminant ions with slightly different A/Z are stopped in
the slit at the focal point of the first separator (F1)and dozens of isotopes in the vicinity of the desired
isotope are stopped in the slit at the second focal point(F2). Our aim is to collect those isotopes lost in theslits. Due to space and accessibility constraints, a big
gas cell like the one used in SLOWRI is not possible,
so we must use a compact cell with a simpler mechanism. The proposed setup is shown in Fig. 1. We willplace one or more compact gas cells on the side of themain beam path. Each gas cell will be filled with 1
bar Ar gas whereby most injected ions can be neutralized. A degrader located in front of the cell will adjust
the beam energy to efficiently stop the ions inside the
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6
∗7
∗8

Department of Physics, Sophia University
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA)
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)
Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Comm.
II. Physikalisches Institute, University of Giessen
Department of Physics, Texas A&M University
Department of Physics, K.U. Leuvencell. The neutralized atoms will be transported by gas
flow toward the exit of the cell, where the atoms canbe re-ionized by laser radiations. This uses the same
principle as the conventional IGISOL5) for the transport and LISOL6) for the re-ionization scheme.
Although the size of the cell is limited, the highpressure Ar will enable efficient stopping of energetic
RI-beams. In order to ionize the neutralized RI-atoms
efficiently, a multi-step resonance ionization method
will be used with high power and high repetition ratepulsed lasers. Resonance ionization within a gas cellhas been studied intensively at the Leuven6) , Mainz7) ,and Jyvaskyla8) groups. The re-ionized RI ions fromthe gas cell will be transported by SPIG9) through multiple differential pumping stages to an electro-magnetic
mass separator. Although the new method is not asuniversal as the original SLOWRI, the purity of ionscan be extremely high. Separations by A/Z are madeat BigRIPS, by Z via laser ionization, and by A at themass separator. Fig. 2 shows one example of a partof available laser-ionized isotopes in an in-flight fission
from 238 U beam aiming for 125 Pd, when the gas cell isplaced X=75 mm at the F1 slit. This intensity means
the number of RI ions entering into the entrance ofthe gas cell whose diameter is 50 mm. The result may
imply an adequate yield for even post acceleration.
One of the important issues in the gas catcher system is the extraction time to avoid the decay loss of
short-lived isotopes. The proposed gas cell solely uses

RI-Beams

Gas cellArgon gas 1bar

Fig. 1. Schematic image of the laser ionization gas catcher
setup.

- 187 -

1

The number of incoming particle into the gas cellions/sec (for primary beam 1p A)
1010
108

stable

106

132Sn
104

125Pd

PALIS
78Ni

238U + Be target (125Pd)
Gas cell placed at F1 slit
x = 75 mm, 50mm

Fig. 2. A part of available laser-ionized isotopes in an inflight fission from 238 U beam aiming for 125 Pd, when
the gas cell is placed X=75 mm at the F1 slit (the cell
entrance is 50 mmφ).

gas flow to guide stopped nuclei towards the exit holeof the cell. This extraction time is therefore determined by the volume of the cell and the conductanceof the exit hole. The accessibility for short-lived nuclides was evaluated by using a flow calculation and amacroscopic simulation including diffusion loss. The
evaluated total efficiency shown in Fig. 3 is obtained
from a product of the total survival efficiency against
decaying, the stopping efficiency and an assumed additional efficiency factor. This additional factor consists of the laser ionization efficiency and other possible
loss, such as molecular formation and beam transport
to SLOWRI. Based on experimental results at Leuven
for Ni isotopes12) , this additional efficiency factor was
evaluated to be 10%. The evaluated total efficiency
suggests that more than 1% overall efficiency is still
expected for nuclei with a half-life of longer than 1 s.
The practical yield obtained by PALIS is a product of
this total efficiency and the intensity shown in Fig. 2.

the cell diminishes with increasing rates of incoming
particles10,11) . This phenomenon can be explained as
an effect of space charge in the cell. During the process of stopping in the gas cell, one incoming ion produces more than 105 ion-electron pairs and the electrons are removed quickly by the applied dc field, while
the buffer gas ions remain in the cell for a longer periodof time. The buffer gas ions distort the external field
which is applied to transport the thermal ions towards
the exit. The distorted electric field causes losses inthe transport of RI-ions. The equilibrium space-charge
density is proportional to the square-root of the beam
intensity and the transport efficiency is roughly proportional to the reciprocal of the charge density11) . In
the proposed scheme, however, the RI-ions are intentionally neutralized and transported exclusively by thegas flow. The effect of the space-charge must be minimal. A drastic efficiency enhancement for the highintensity beam was observed using a laser ionization
gas cell at LISOL Leuven12) (Fig. 4). A high efficiency
is still preserved with 1010 pps beam of 58 Ni.
100
10
1
0.1

10-2
10-3
10-4
10-5
10-6
10-1 100 101

102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 1010 1011

Fig. 4. Experimentally measured total efficiency of thelaser ionization gas cell for 58 Ni at Leuven12) .

We have presented a new experimental method toprovide parasitic slow RI-beams from a projectile fragment separator without disturbing the primary RIbeam experiment. This is an additional option for
RIKEN universal slow RI-beam facility, SLOWRI.
References

Fig. 3. Evaluated total efficiency of PALIS as a function of
the half-life of the nucleus for different gas throughput.

Historically some distinct phenomena have been observed in the various gas catcher systems. The mostserious problem is that the extraction efficiency from2

- 188 -

1) T. Kubo, Nucl. Instr. Meth. B204 (2003) 97.
2) M. Wada et al., Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 204 (2003) 570.
3) T. Nakamura et al., Phys. Rev. A 74 (2006) 052503.
4) K. Okada et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(2008) 212502.
5) J. Aysto, Nucl. Phys. A693 (2001) 477.
6) Yu. Kudryavtsev et al., Nucl. Phys. A701 (2002) 465.
7) K. Blaum et al. Nucl. Inst. Meth. B204 (2003) 331.
8) I.D. Moore et al., J. Phys. G31 (2005) s1499.
9) H. J. Xu, et al.,Nucl. Inst. Meth. A333 (1993) 274.
10) K. Morita et al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. B26 (1987) 406.
11) A. Takamine et al., Rev. Sci. Inst. 76 (2005) 103503.
12) M. Facina et al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. B226 (2004) 401.

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 (2009)

A Portable Multi-Reﬂection Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrograph for
SLOWRI†
P. Schury, K. Okada, V. A. Shchepunov.∗1 T. Sonoda, A. Takamine, M. Wada, H. Wollnik,∗2 and Y. Yamazaki[Mass measurements, unstable nuclei, low energy beam]
We are continuing the development of a multireﬂection time-of-ﬂight (MRTOF) mass spectrometerfor use with radioactive ion (RI) beams. The MRTOF
will be attached to its own dedicated gas stopping cell,allowing the system-as-designed to be portable. This
will provide ﬂexibility in commissioning the device bymaking it possible to use less-demanded RI sources,
such as CRIB, while still being easily moved to other
RI-beam sources at RIKEN – or even being relocatedto another facility.
Gas Cell
Degraders

RF Multipole
Mass Filter RF Trap
Ion Guide

Mirror #1

Energetic
Radioactive
Ion BeamPower Supplies
Mirror #2

Control Electronics

velopment, is expected to be able to achieve even better resolving powers with a high eﬃciency. Eﬃciency
improvement will result from reducing the emittanceof ion pulse extracted from the trap and improving thevacuum level in the ﬂight chamber; enhanced resolving power will result from achieving extremely highstability voltage supplies for the MRTOF electrodes
and reducing the energy and time spreads of ion pulses
extracted from the ion trap.
To study the most exotic isotopes, the entire system
must be highly eﬃcient. To minimize space charge effects, a cryogenically cooled gas cell will be used. This
will reduce gas impurities which might charge exchangewith ionized helium. While the RF-carpet techniquedoes not transport He+ , gas impurities ionized by exchange with helium ions can lead to a powerful sourceof impurity ions which can reduce extraction eﬃciency
from the system due to space charge eﬀects.

Ion Detector
12.5 cm

10cm

Fig. 1. Planned layout for the portable MRTOF system.
The system includes a gas cell for stopping relativistic
ions, an ion trap to prepare ions for injection into the
MRTOF and ion guide systems for transporting thermalized ions from the gas cell to the ion trap. The
hatched box indicates that the entire system is portable.
957 mmFigure 1 provides a sketch of the system. Energetic ions will be slowed in a solid degrader and thermalized in a helium-ﬁlled chamber. Thermalized ions
are injected into a radio-frequency (RF) multipole ion
beam guide to be transported through a diﬀerentiallypumped region after being extracted from the gas
cell using a proven RF-carpet technique1) . An RF
quadrupole mass ﬁlter will select for a speciﬁc ion mass
number, removing non-isobaric ions. The isobaric ion
ensemble will then be cooled in a low-pressure gas-ﬁlled
RF ion trap before being injected into the MRTOF.
An early oﬀ-line prototype previously achieved amass resolving power of R ≈ 2×105 , with a measurement time of t ≈ 7 ms for A/q=28 ions2)3) . However
the eﬃciency at such a resolving power, while neverquantiﬁed, was low. The on-line system, still under de∗1
∗2

SRL, Manchester, England
University of Gießen, Gießen, Germany

Fig. 2. (top) Mechanical drawing of MRTOF mounting,showing vacuum chamber, C-shaped mounting bracket,
ceramic mounting rods and ring electrode. (bottom)
Sketch showing electrodes for MRTOF.

As the total ﬂight length may be as much as 1 km,
the emittance strongly eﬀects the the eﬃciency of thesystem. The energy spread of the ions directly eﬀects
of the maximum resolving power of the system. To
address these issues, the ion trap will also be cryogenically cooled, which should lead to a reduction in theenergy spread and emittance of the cooled ion cloud.
Figure 2 shows the mechanical layout of the MRTOF
system. The system will be mounted on a heavy base of
Titanium, with side-panels to minimize sagging eﬀects.
Titanium has been chosen because it has a low coefﬁcient of expansion (9 ppm/K) which is well-matched
the the coeﬃcient of expansion for the ceramic insula-- 189 -1

50

∆t = 5.7 ns
Rm=486,000

40Counts [arb.]

tors which will be used. This should help to minimize
systematic eﬀects from changes in the ﬂight length.
Additionally, Titanium has better vacuum properties
while being much less magnetic than stainless steel.
A new ion trap of novel geometry is being developed
for the MRTOF-MS. The trap uses a pair of printed
circuit boards, each consisting of three strip electrodes.
An RF signal applied to the outer electrodes creates a
conﬁning quadrupole pseudo-potential. The strips aresegmented to allow an axial potential well for ion trapping. The ions are introduced into the trap parallel tothe electrodes; after cooling, the ions are ejected perpendicular to the trap through a small (r = 100 µm)
hole in the central electrode. This geometry should
produce very well-cooled ions without aﬀecting the
MRTOF-MS vacuum, leading to highly eﬃcient operation. Figure 3 shows a photo of one of the printed
circuit boards used to build the ion trap.

30

20

∆t

10

0

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

Time-of-Flight [-5,539,310 ns]

Fig. 4. Calculated time-of-ﬂight pulse for A/q = 28 ions after 518 laps in the MRTOF-MS, assuming a minimallycooled ion cloud (R0 = 100 µm, T = 3000 K) with anrise time of tr = 1 µs for the MRTOF injection electrode. The full-width at 1% for this ion pulse represents∆m ≈ ±75 keV – indicating that the MRTOF-MS may
be able to resolve isomers.

Fig. 3. Photograph of one of the printed circuit boards used
to construct the ion trap. A 50 coin is shown for scale.

To optimize the voltage distribution and determine
the maximum mass resolution which we can expect,a large number of simulations have been performed.
These calculations have recently been reported4) . For
minimally cooled ion clouds (R0 = 100 µm, T = 3000K), calculations indicate that a mass resolving powerof Rm ≈ 5×105 can be achieved, as shown in Fig. 4.
With such resolving powers it would be possible toresolve most long-lived isomeric states, making the device highly competitive with Penning trap mass spectrometry (PTMS). Furthermore, the fast measurement
may allow the MRTOF-MS to exceed PTMS for suﬃciently short-lived isotopes, as indicated in Fig. 5.
Development work for the portable MRTOF-MS is
ongoing. The MRTOF electrodes and vacuum chamber have been sent for fabrication and are scheduled
to arrive near the end of FY2008. The vacuum chamber and mounting for testing the new ion trap system
has been sent for fabrication and is scheduled to arrivein February, 2009. At present, it is foreseen that construction of the system should be completed early in
FY2009 with commissioning to begin thereafter.

2- 190 -

tmeas [ms]

100

10

MTOF - 518 laps
4
PTMS - R=5x10
5PTMS - R=1x10
5PTMS - R=5x10

1
0

50

100

150

200

250

A/q
Fig. 5. Comparison of MRTOF and a 9.4T PTMS in termsof measurement time as a function of atomic mass. The
resolving power for the MRTOF depends on many factors, however R = 5 × 104 should be easily achievablewith 518 laps. Thus, it is clear that the MRTOF will
require much shorter measurement times than PTMS.

References
1) M. Wada et al., Nucl. Instrum. Methods B204, 570(2003)
2) Y. Ishida, M. Wada and H. Wollnik: Nucl. Instrum.
Methods and Phys. Res. B241, 982 (2005).
3) Y. Ishida, M. Wada and H. Wollnik: RIKEN Accel.
Prog. Rep. 40, 150 (2007)
4) P. Schury, et al., Multi-Reﬂection Time-of-Flight Mass
Spectrograph for Short-Lived Radioactive Ions, Proceeding of the 5th Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic
Masses(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Development of an absolute laser frequency counting system
M. Wada, A. Takamine, K. Okada,∗1 P. Schury, T. Sonoda, V. Lioubimov, and H.A. Schuessler,∗2
Precision spectroscopy of atomic transitions is almost the exclusive method used to determine the nuclear charge radii of unstable nuclei. In such measurements, narrow-line-width continuous-wave lasers
are often used and the wavelengths or frequencies ofthe laser radiations must be accurately known. Fortunately, nowadays a clockwork optical femtosecond frequency comb1) can provide an exact “scale” for laser
frequency measurements. A common method to provide a laser radiation with an accurate frequency and ahigh stability is to “lock” the user’s laser frequency to
the frequency comb. However, this method is not always applicable. For example, in our laser-laser double
resonance spectroscopy experiments2) , we need to use
two scannable laser radiations. Also in our collinear
laser spectroscopy with parallel-antiparallel conﬁguration3) , two laser radiations should be scanned simultaneously and independently. Although, it is possible
to scan the frequency of a laser radiation locked to afrequency comb by scanning the repetition rate of the
femtosecond laser, the scanning rate is slow and weneed to have two frequency combs for two independent laser radiations. A frequency shifter based on an
acousto-optic modulator can provide scanning capability from a ﬁxed frequency laser, however the usabilityof such a device, especially for UV radiation, is limited.
We therefore used two commercial dye lasers with
their own scanning and stabilization functions (using
attached reference cavities) and measure the laser frequencies from the beat frequencies resulting from interference with a frequency comb. The dye laser frequency fdye can be obtained using
fdye = nfrep ± foﬀset ± fbeat ,(1)

where frep is the repetition rate of the femtosecond
laser which is ﬂexible around 250 MHz, foﬀset is theoﬀset frequency of the frequency comb which is usually ﬁxed to 40 MHz, and fbeat is the beat frequency
between the comb radiation and the dye laser radiation. The integer n and the polarity of foﬀset canbe obtained from other calibration sources, such as anwave meter and an iodine molecule cell. The polarityof fbeat , on the other hand, can be obtained from thetrend of the beat frequency itself.
We have developed a system for counting the beatfrequencies of dye laser radiations, which may ﬂuctuate or jitter during measurements. It consists of a beatsignal detection setup for two laser radiations, a ﬁlter
circuit for counting the beat frequencies and softwareto reconstruct a spectrum as a function of the true laser∗1∗2

Department of Physics, Sophia University
Department of Physics, Texas A&M University

A.P.D

Grating

A.P.D

Wedge Mirror

Anri-Parallel�
618 nmParallel�
616 nmFiber Combiner

Coupler

Comb Radiation

Fig. 1. Layout of the interaction region of the frequency
comb radiation and the dye laser radiations (left) andbeat signal of a dye laser observed in a spectrum analyzer scope. The left peak is a reference signal of thespectrum analyzer and the right peak is a beat signal.

frequency. Figure 1 (left) shows a schematic diagramof the detection scheme for two laser radiations in thecase of collinear spectroscopy experiments. Two laser
radiations were merged in a ﬁber combiner and interact with the comb radiation. Since the wavelengthsof the two lasers are slightly diﬀerent for the parallel
and antiparallel beams, the interfered signals can beseparated by a grating mirror and detected in two independent avalanched photo diodes, allowing the beatfrequencies to be counted simultaneously. In the caseof laser-laser double resonance spectroscopy for Be isotope ions, however the frequency diﬀerence between
the two 626 nm radiations is too small to be separated
by a grating. We saw two beat frequencies mixed in a
spectrum analyzer scope, or we chopped the radiations
and measure them alternately.
A typical beat signal observed in a spectrum analyzer is shown in Fig. 1 (right). It is often contaminated by higher harmonics and spurious signals.
A ﬁlter circuit with many band-pass ﬁlters was used
to eliminate such noise signals and count the true
beat signal (Fig. 2). The circuit consists of ampliﬁers made of current-feedback operational ampliﬁer
devices AD8002, band-pass ﬁlter modules from MiniCircuits, discriminators made of fast comparator devices MAX962, and pre-scalers made of AC393 or
MC12026. The beat signals from all ﬁlter channels
and ﬂuorescence signals were counted simultaneously
in a multi-input multi-channel scaler device made of
PCI6607 interface cards. A short time interval of- 191 -

1

B.P. Filter

Discri.

Prescaler

Trig. >1 kHz

30 MHz40 MHz50 MHzFluorescence Signals

60 MHz70 MHzMulti-Input Multi-Channel Scaler

Beat Signal

20 MHz98 MHzFig. 2. Block diagram of the ﬁlter circuit for beat frequency
counting.

Fluorescence Intensity [average counts / ms]

Fig. 3. Beat frequencies measured through multiple band
pass ﬁlters during a laser scanFigure 3 shows plots of the beat signal counts as afunction of the scanning time. The observable rangeof the beat frequency covered as wide as from 15 MHz
to 110 MHz while the vicinity of the turning points, 0
MHz and 125 MHz, are always suﬀered from the spurious signals. When the count values were not in therange of the band-pass ﬁlter, the beat frequencies are
spuriously reported. This can be corrected for throughthe use of deﬁned range table for each ﬁlter along withpartial range overlap between the neighboring bandpass ﬁlters and correlation with the scan time.
Only with these consistency checks, can the absolute
laser frequency be obtained through determination of
the n-value, the polarity of foﬀset , and the true beatfrequency during each tbin . This value can be stored
along with the counts of the ﬂuorescence signals detected during the time bin.
The number of the ﬂuorescence count per tbin may
be small since a typical counting rate of the ﬂuorescence signal is several kcps. We need to sum several
time bins to show a spectrum. If one sums the spectrum according to the succeeding time bin, which isequivalent to measuring with a longer tbin as used inordinary laser spectroscopy, the eﬀects of ﬂuctuations
and jitter become signiﬁcant. To remove the eﬀects of
ﬂuctuations and jitter, we should sum the spectrum according to the measured laser frequency which is taggedwith the ﬂuorescence count data for each time tin. In
this frequency-binning process, however, the number ofthe measurements which belong to the same frequency
bin is not constant. We deﬁned the intensity in units ofcounts per tbin as an average of the count number for
all measurements which belong to the frequency bin
while the statistical uncertainty is obtained from thetotal ﬂuorescence counts in the frequency bin. In thisway, we achieved a true frequency spectrum as shownin Fig. 4 even though the laser frequencies were notstable. It should be noted that such a method allows
us to sum up multiple scans even if the laser scanning
is not reproducible.
The frequency counting system has been used for
precision spectroscopy of optical transition frequencies of 7,9,10,11 Be+ ions. Development is in progressto achieve better performance. So far we use commercial counter interface cards for the multi-input multichannel scaler, however we plan to use an FPGA basedhand-made multiple counter interface to increase thenumber of input channels and the ﬂexibility of the system.

Laser Frequency -957,410,000 [MHz]Fig. 4. Laser cooling spectrum of 10 Be+ ions plotted as afunction of the absolute laser frequency.

tbin < 1 ms was used to track the relatively fast jittering of the dye laser frequency.

2- 192 -

References
1) T. Udem et al.: Nature 416, 233 (2002).
2) A. Takamine et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42,(2009).
3) V. Lioubimov et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 189(2008).

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of fluorescence detection system
for nuclear laser spectroscopy in He II
A. Sasaki,∗1 S. Hoshino,∗1 T. Wakui,∗2 T. Furukawa, M. Kazato,∗3 K. Yamaguchi,∗3 T. Kobayashi,
A. Hatakeyama,∗4 K. Fujikake,∗5 Y. Matsuura,∗5 A. Odahara,∗3 T. Shimoda,∗3 T. Shinozuka,∗2 and Y. Matsuo
We are developing a fluorescence detection system
for nuclear laser spectroscopy of RI atoms stopped
in superfluid helium (He II). This project is called
OROCHI (Optical RI-atom observation in condensed
Helium as Ion-catcher) and aims to perform laser spectroscopy of unstable nuclei even with a production
yield of 10 pps.1)
Detection efficiency must be maximized while minimizing background count rates in order to observe
laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) from the low yield of
unstable nuclei. Detection efficiency is maximized byusing a Fresnel lens in close geometry with a cryostat.
The Fresnel lens has a large diameter and short focal
length. This introduces a large solid angle for collection of LIF. The background, which mainly originatesfrom the excitation laser, can be reduced by using awavelength filter, because the wavelength of fluorescence is sufficiently separated from that of excitationin He II.2) In this project, the fluorescence detection
system is used not only to observe fluorescence fromunstable nuclei, but also to detect emission light froma plastic scintillator, which is placed in the cryostat
and used for adjusting the stop position of RI beam in
He II.
Figure 1 shows the configuration of the fluorescence
detection system. It consists of three Fresnel lenses,
a spatial filter (SF), a wavelength filter, and a photomultiplier tube (PMT). The light emitted from atoms
is collected and focused on the SF by the first Fresnel lens (FL1). The SF is used to reduce stray light.
Light which has passed through the SF is collimatedwith the second lens (FL2) so that the light enters at
normal incidence to the wavelength filter for perfect
separation of wavelength. The light is then focused on
the photoelectric surface of the PMT by the third lens(FL3).
To optimize the configuration of the system, we
performed an optical simulation for the wavelengths
793 nm for LIF of Rb atoms and 425 nm for emission
light from the plastic scintillator. The highest lightcollection efficiency was found to be 6.8% for 793 nm
and 5.1% for 425 nm, by calculating with various focal
lengths and positions of lenses. It should be noted thatlight transmission efficiency for each lens was assumed
to be 100% in the calculation.
A fluorescence detection system for 425 nm was built
based on the simulation. The focal lengths of the lenses
are 45 mm, 20 mm, and 70 mm for FL1, FL2, and FL3,
respectively. All the optical elements are mounted ina black box. The position of lenses can be adjusted
along three axes using micrometers. The spatial filter
consists of two slits placed along the x and y axes of asurface perpendicular to the optical axis. The position
and width of the slits can be tuned using micrometers.
The detection system is mounted just below the cryostat. The light transmission rates for FL1, FL2, andFL3 have been measured using a laser and are 29.7%,
90.7%, and 89.7%, respectively. The transmission rate
for FL1 is relatively low because FL1 is used to focus
diverging light, even though the Fresnel lens used isdesigned to focus parallel light to a single point. The
total light collecting efficiency of the system is estimated to be 1.2% based on the simulation and thetransmission rate measured using the laser light.
In the beginning of January 2009, a test experimenton the fluorescence detection system was carried out
in the E7 room of the RIKEN Accelerator Research
Facility. In this experiment, a 2 H beam of 9.1 MeV/u
was passed through two aluminum rotatable degraders
used to lower the beam energy and a plastic scintillator
used to count the number of 2 H particles. The 2 H wasthen injected into a cryostat and stopped in anotherplastic scintillator placed on the optical axis of the detection system. The emitted light from the scintillator
was collected and detected by the detection system.
Analysis of the data is in progress.

Fig. 1. Fluorescence detection system.
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University
Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo Univ. Agr. Tech.
Department of Physics, Osaka University
Department of Physics, Meiji University

References
1) T. Furukawa et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 153
2) Y. Takahashi, K. Sano, T. Kinoshita, and T. Yabusaki,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1035 (1993).

- 193 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Production of polarized Ag atoms by optical pumping in superﬂuid
heliumT. Furukawa, K. Fujikake,∗1 A. Hatakeyama,∗2 Y. Matsuura,∗1 A. Sasaki,∗3
T. Kobayashi, T. Shimoda,∗4 and Y. Matsuo
Polarized nuclei/atoms are one of most powerful tools for investigating nuclear properties, precise atomic structures, and fundamental physics.
More speciﬁcally, our plan is to investigate nuclear electromagnetic properties such as nuclear spins
and moments by measuring the atomic hyperﬁne
or Zeeman structure of polarized atoms with lasermicrowave/radiowave double resonance spectroscopy.
The optical pumping method is the most eﬀective
technique for producing high polarization of atoms, although the number of elements that can be optically
pumped and polarized is limited. By using the optical pumping technique under superﬂuid helium conditions, we have achieved a large atomic polarization in
Ag atoms for the ﬁrst time. In this report, we describe
details about optical pumping in superﬂuid helium.
The experimental setup is shown schematically in
Fig.1. At the beginning of measurement, Ag atoms arelaser-sputtered from an Ag metal sample disc placed
approximately 1 cm above the helium surface, andare then introduced into the optical detection regionin He II.1) Next, the introduced Ag atoms are optically pumped and polarized by irradiation with circularly polarized pumping laser light tuned to the2
S1/2 →2 P1/2 line of Ag atoms in He II.2) The circular polarization of pumping laser light is generatedusing a λ/4 wave plate. In optical pumping, we apply
a static magnetic ﬁeld (� 7 Gauss) to hold the atomic
polarization generated by optical pumping.

is related to the polarization of Ag atoms as
I ∝ Natom × (1 − Pl × Pz ),(1)

where Natom is the number of Ag atoms, Pl is the circular polarization of pumping laser light, and Pz is theelectronic spin polarization of the atoms.3) Then LIF
intensity is decreased gradually by increasing the polarization of atoms in optical pumping. From comparison of LIF intensity with and without the static magnetic ﬁeld, the maximum polarization of Ag atoms in
optical pumping is deduced to be more than 60%. The
imperfection of achieved polarization is mainly due tothe incomplete polarization of pumping laser light (7080 %) because the wave plate we use is not suited forthe wavelength of laser light. The atoms might be polarized much more if we used a wave plate suitable forthe pumping laser wavelength.
Using the optically pumped Ag atoms, we have alsomeasured the Zeeman splitting energy of the Ag atoms
in He II using the laser-rf double resonance.3) Figure 2 shows the Zeeman resonance spectrum of stable 107,109 Ag atoms in He II. We can deduce the nuclear spin of 107,109 Ag from the peak position of theresonance spectrum3) as shown in the inset of Fig.2.
Applying this optical pumping technique and double
resonance technique to our project for nuclear laser
spectroscopy in He II (named OROCHI), we can alsomeasure the electromagnetic properties (nuclear spin,
moment, and so on) of exotic Ag isotopes near the dripline region which can not be measured with traditional
methods.

Fig. 1. Schematics of experimental setup

The polarization of optically pumped atoms is deduced from the measured laser-induced ﬂuorescence(LIF) intensity of atoms with switching on and oﬀ thestatic magnetic ﬁeld. It is to be noted that the LIF
intensity I observed with irradiation by pumping light
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Inst. of Phys., Meiji University
Dept. of Appl. Phys., Tokyo Univ. Agr. Tech.
Dept. of Phys., Tohoku University
Dept. of Phys., Osaka University

Fig. 2. Measured Zeeman resonance of 107,109 Ag atoms in
He II.

References
1) T. Furukawa et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 095301 (2006).
2) Q. Hui: Doctoral thesis, Saitama Univ. (1997).
3) T. Furukawa: Doctoral thesis, Osaka Univ. (2007).

- 194 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)“Hybrid-RF” sequence in β-NQR for Q-moment measurement ofshort-lived nuclei
A. Yoshimi, H. Ueno, T. Nagatomo, K. Shimada,∗1 Y. Hasama,∗2 Y. Ichikawa, and K. Asahi∗2
The systematic measurement of electric quadrupole
moments Q of unstable nuclei would provide important information for nuclear structure studies. In Qmoment measurement, it is crucial to realize highly
efficient and rapid spin-flip using the AFP (Adiabatic
Fast Passage) method. We have developed a new rfapplication scheme called the ”Hybrid-RF” method for
AFP-NQR (Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance).
When measuring the Q-moment of unstable nuclei
using the β-NQR technique,1) the nucleus is implanted
in a crystal with an electric field gradient q. The resonance frequency for the implanted nucleus in a static
magnetic field B0 splits into 2I components due to eqQinteraction, and the transition frequency between themagnetic sublevels m and m + 1 is given byνm,m+1 = νL − νQ

3(2m + 1)(3 cos2 θc−axis − 1)
(1)
8I(2I − 1)with νQ = eqQ/h. Here νL denotes the Larmor frequency and θc−axis the angle between the c-axis in the
crystal and the B0 field. An RF oscillating field B1
needs to induce all of the m ↔ m + 1 transitions to
get the full effect of NQR. Therefore each componentof the RF frequencies should be adiabatically swept
to meet the corresponding frequency νm,m+1 so thatthe population of m and m + 1 are interchanged (AFP
method).
We have previously used two methods in the RF
sequence for the AFP-NQR experiment. In the first
method (sequential-RF method), all νm,m+1 B1 fields
are applied sequentially. When I = 5/2, 15 RF steps
are needed and the total RF application period takes
as long as 100 ms. To perform AFP-NQR for shortlived nuclei, we developed a “Mixed-RF” method inwhich the frequencies for all 2I components are swept
at the same time.2) With this method the RF application period can be as short as order of ms. However
the effective B1 field for each transition component in
the mixed-wave field is reduced in inverse proportion
to the number of components. Another difficulty withthe mixed-RF method is that the population distribution does not change if νL is slightly changed for somereason such as B0 drift according to a computer simulation. This is contrary to the sequential-RF scheme.
We have therefore introduced a new scheme, called
the Hybrid-RF method, which is based on thesequential-RF and partially incorporates the mixedRF method. With this method, some transitions which
do not interfere each other are first induced at one time∗1
∗2

by applying a mixed-RF wave. Another set of transitions are then induced by another mixed-RF wave.
This sequence is continued until the population distribution is reversed. A possible sequence of this methodin the case where I = 5/2 is schematically shown in
Fig. 1. The number of RF steps is 9 which is less than
the 15 required in the sequential-RF method, and it
is easier to satisfy the AFP condition than with themixed-RF method. Since this method is based onsequential-RF, the full AFP-NQR effect is expected
to detect if the νL shifts slightly within the swept frequency windows.

Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of hybrid-RF method showing
how the population distribution is reversed.

We have tested the hybrid-RF method in an NQRexperiment with unstable nuclei 31 Al (I = 5/2, T1/2 =644 ms) whose Q-moment has been previously measured. The experiment was performed at GANIL. The
31
Al nuclei were produced from the fragmentation of a36
S beam on a Be target.3) The beam of 31 Al was spinpolarized by selecting its momentum and out-goingangle, and implanted into an α-Al2 O3 single crystal.
AFP-NQR was performed using β-NMR. The appliedB0 field was 5.000 kG, and the corresponding Larmor frequency was νL = 5.824 MHz. The applied
hybrid-RF sequence was the same as in Fig. 1, where
the total RF period was 72 ms and the B1 field was
3.0 G for√each transition satisfying the AFP condition
B1 > 2 ω̇/γ31Al . The measured asymmetry changewith AFP-NQR was AP = 1.4(2)%, which was foundto be comparable with the value AP = 1.6(2)% measured using the sequential-RF method.
References
1) D. Kameda et al.: Phys. Lett. B 647 (2007) 93.
2) M. Takemura et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 39(2006) 145.
3) H. Ueno et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2008).

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1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Online luminosity monitor for the SCRIT experimentS. Wang, T. Suda, T. Emoto, K. Ishii1, S. Ito, K. Kurita1, A. Kuwajiam2, T. Tamae2, M. Wakasugi and Y. Yano

The solid (dash) line is the spectra with
(without) Cs ions trapped. The horizontal
axis is the counting rate in the trapping
time of 50 ms. Difference between two
processes was only whether Cs ions weretrapped or not. Therefore, the differenceof two peaks should come from theevents of trapped Cs ions.
number of same counting rate

In the last SCRIT experiment, aluminosity monitor was employed tomonitor luminosity. It consists of threepieces of plastic scintillation detectors,
including two“finger” detectors(10cm*1cm*0.5cm) and one “backup”
detector (10cm*5cm*0.5cm). Two finger
detectors were put in front of backup
detector and the distance between two
finger detectors is 1 cm. Luminosity
monitor was put on the accelerator duct
4.5 m downstream from the center of
SCRIT, as shown in Fig.1. For reducing
the background, we made a coincident
measurement between any one of those
two finger detectors with backup
detector.

without Cs ionswith Cs ions

250
200
150
100
50

0
1200
1600
2000
2400
2800
counting rate in 50 ms trapping timeFig.2 The counting rate spectrum.

-2 -1
25

Luminosity monitor utilizes forward
elastic scattering where elastic crosssection is huge. Two finger detectors cancover the scattering angle from 0.33 to
0.71 degree and from 0.58 to 0.86 degree.
Considering Mott cross section and solid
angle, the cross section of two finger
detectors are 300 barn and 50 barn.
Therefore, a short time measurement isneeded to get enough statistics. Figure 2
shows the counting rate spectrum of one
finger detector at beam current 71 mA.

luminosity (10 cm s )Fig.1 Sketch map of SCRIT.

From the counting rate difference andcross section, luminosity can be calculated
from luminosity monitor, as shown in fig.3.
The square points are the luminosity
determined by elastic events fromcalorimeters and the circle points are theluminosity calculated from luminosity
monitor. Two independent calculations got
same results which suggest that thisluminosity monitor can be used as an
online luminosity monitor to monitor the
luminosity during the experiment.

*1 Rikkyo University*2 Tohoku University- 196 -

35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
32

calculated from elastic events
calculated from luminosity monitor

36

40 44 48
run number

52

Fig.3 The calculated luminosity.

56

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Long-time measurement of fluctuation of magnetic field
Y. Yasuda,∗1 A. Ozawa,∗1 Y. Yamaguchi, I. Arai,∗1 K. Y. Hara,∗1 and T. Nakajima∗2

frequency (MHz)We are proceeding with research on uniformity andstability of a magnetic field of a sector magnet for constructing a storage ring in “Rare-RI Ring”. To acheive
an isochronous condition in the storage ring with a relative accuracy of 10−6 , a uniform and stable magnetic
field in the storage ring is required. We performed a
measurement of a magnetic field of a D8 magnet in azero-degree forward spectrometer (ZDS) with a 10−7
relative accuracy using newly produced NMR equipment1)2) . We performed the measurement of a fluctuation of the magnetic field for about 170 hours thistime. We also measured the temperatures of the experimental room, yoke and coil surfaces and an output
of a power supply by DCCT. The measurement was
performed at around the center of the sector magnet
in the median plane of the magnet. We started themeasurement about 20 hours after the power of themagnet had been turned on.
64.02

64.01864.016
29

Yoke Topo

Temp. ( C)28

Yoke Bottom

27

Room

26
25

41

Coil
Temp. ( C)oTemp. ( C)2442

temperature of the room is owing to the periodic operation of an air conditioner. It works from 08:00 to
20:00 in working day. The period from 60 to 120 hours
was a weekend.
The fluctuation of the temperature of the roomcauses a fluctuation of the temperature of the yoke.
From this measurement, definite correlation of the resonance frequency and the temperature of the yoke surface has been observed. Furthermore the resonancefrequency (f ) has a strong linear correlation with thetemperature of the yoke (T ). Its 1st order coefficientdf−3
MHz/K. It is −5.6 × 10−5 1/K reladT is −3.6 × 10
tively and is the same order of magnitude as the rate oflinear expansion of iron. Our result suggests that thefluctuation of the room temperature makes expansion
and contraction of the iron of yoke and the expansion
and contraction of the gap of the magnet affect themagnetic field.
Following this assumption, a calculation of heat conduction in an iron yoke in one dimensional space was
performed. We thought it likely that a coil as a heatsource and the heat flux conducts in the iron and radiates from the surface of iron. We made use of themeasured room temperature as an input and chose thefilm heat transfer coefficient and thermal conductivity
in the practical range. We show a calculated temperature of yoke surface with the temperatures of room andyoke surfaces in Fig. 2. The calculated line reproducesa characteristic of the fluctuation of the yoke surface.
When unpractical parameters are used, it reproduces
better. The poor reproduction might be on account of
the limits of a one dimensional model.
o

40
39

o

water-Temp. ( C)38
32

from Magnet

31
30

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Time (h)

140

160

180

200

Figure 1 shows results of long-time measurement.
The resonance frequency indicates the magnitude of
the magnetic field. We also show temperatures of cooling water. The temperature lines of yoke and coil surfaces break at 27 hours since we improved attachmentof Pt thermometers. The periodical fluctuation of the∗2

Yoke Bottom
Room

-50

-25

0

25

50

75
100
Time (h)

125

150

175

200

Fig. 2. The result of calculation.

Fig. 1. Resonance frequency and temperatures

∗1

Calc.
Yoke Topto Magnet

29
28

29
28.5
28
27.5
27
26.5
26
25.5
25
24.5
24

Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba
ECHO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

For a period between 135 and 139 hours in Fig. 1,
the resonance frequency and all temperatures became
stable and the RMS of the frequency was 2 × 10−7 relatively. This implys that the magnetic field keeps its
stability when the temperatures maintain their stability.
References
1) ECHO ELECTRONICS CO., LTD., NMR EFM15000R operating manual (2007).
2) Y. Yasuda et al. : RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 141(2007).

- 197 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Network and Computing Environment for RIKEN Nishina Center
T. Ichihara, Y. Watanabe, and H. Baba
Our computing and networking team have been operating Linux/Unix NIS/NFS cluster systems1−2) at
RIKEN Nishina Center.
Figure 1 shows the current configuration of theLinux/Unix servers at Nishina Center.
The host RIBF is used for the mail server and NFS
server of the user home directory /rarf/u/ . A 10
TB fiber-channel RAID with fiber-channel hard disk
drive (FC-FC RAID) /rarf/w/ has been connected to
the RIBFDATA01 server for data analysis. In addition, a 5.6 TB FC-FC RAID6 (/rarf/d/) has been
newly added to RIBFDATA01 to store raw data for
the RIBF experiment starting in the fiscal year 2008.
The RIBF01 server is also newly installed and used together with the RIBFDATA01, for data analysis of theexperiment at the RIBF. The RIBF Data Acquisition
system (DAQ) has been developed and completed in
the first phase. 3)
Postfix is used for mail transport software and Dovecot is used for imap and pop services. These software
packages enable secure and reliable mail delivery. The
hosts RIBFSMTP1 and RIBFSMTP2 are mail frontend servers used for tagging spam mails and isolating
virus-infected mails. Sophos Pure Message (PMX)4)
was installed on those servers in March 2008 and has
been working stably and correctly for those purposes.
The host RIBF00 is used as an ssh login server
from the outside and general-purpose computational
server and a gateway to the RIBF intranet. Public-key
authentication is used for ssh login to improve security.
The equipments of the Local Area Network (LAN)operated by the Advanced Center for Computing andCommunication(ACCC) was replaced in January 2009.
This made all Ethernet ports of the information wall
sockets capable of the Gigabit Ethernet connection(10/100/1000BT).
Several wireless LAN access points (WLAP) in
RIKEN Nishina Center have been added and switchedto the new type WAPS-HP-A54G545) which supports
both 2.4 GHz 11g/11b and 5.2 GHz 11a protocols.
Wireless application protocol (WAP) authentication isused to ensure the security instead of wired equivalentprivacy (WEP) password authentication. In total, we
have installed and operated 52 WLAP.6)
Eight temperature sensors were installed in theserver rooms of the Nishina Bldg., RIBF Bldg. andin several experimental rooms of the RIBF Bldg. in
September 2008. They are monitored via a web interface using the Cacti graphical tool developed by theCCJ7) team.
An anonymous ftp server, FTP.RIKEN.JP, is managed and operated at RIKEN Nishina Center. A 13�����������������������������������
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Fig. 1. Configuration of Linux/Unix servers.

TB SATA Raid system has been added to this server.
Major Linux distributions are mirrored daily at the ftp
server for research support.
Most of the users of Nishina Center have e-mail addresses of the following forms:
username@ribf.riken.jp or username@riken.jp.
The former represents an e-mail address of the mailserver (RIBF) of RIKEN Nishina Center and the latter
represents an e-mail address of the mail server (POSTMAN) of RIKEN ACCC.
References
1) http://ribf.riken.jp/
2) T. Ichihara et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 154(2008).
3) H. Baba et al.: In this report.
4) http://www.sophos.com/products/enterprise/email/securityand-control/5) http://buffalo.jp/products/catalog/item/w/waps-hp-am54g54/
6) http://ribf.riken.jp/comp/net/wireless.html
7) S. Yokkaichi et al.: In this report.

- 198 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

RIBF DAQ for Day-one Experiments
H. Baba, T. Ichihara, T. Ohnishi, S. Takeuchi, K. Yoshida, Y. Watanabe, S. Ota,∗1 and S. Shimoura∗1
A RIBF data acquisition (DAQ) system1) has beendeveloped to enable early RIBF experiments in theﬁrst several years. This system has the functions of
network-distributed processing, on-line event building
and analysis, hierarchical event building and parallel
data readout from CAMAC and VME modules. Its
event builder achieved a data processing capability offaster than 20MB/s2).
Day-one experiments of RIBF-08, RIBF-28, RIBF32, and RIBF-55 have recently been carried out withBigRIPS3) and ZeroDegree Spectrometer (ZDS) basedon this DAQ system. The beam-line detectors3) installed at the focal planes of F1–F11 (Figure 1) werecommonly used in these experiments, where the analog
signals from a plastic scintillator and PPAC placed on
the B2F experimental room were transported to theB3F measurement room via optical transceiver, andthose from silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), and NaI(Tl)detectors and ion chamber (IC) were, on the other
hand, converted to the digital values near the detectors. To accumulate digitized data, eleven front-end
computers (FECs), which have the analog-to-digitalconverter modules, were installed at B2F and B3F.
The allocations of the detector signals are listed in Table 1.
In addition to the eleven FECs, six servers were installed at B2F. Figure 2 shows the conﬁguration ofservers and FECs. d02 is the master event builder for
all FECs. Two local event builders d01 and ggdaq01,
installed for F11 Isomer Germanium, F8 NaI(Tl) detector array DALI24) , respectively, allow us to acquire
data independently of each other. As on-line analysis
servers, a02, a03 and d03 were also installed.
The total number of signals of each event exceeds
1000, corresponding to the average data size ∼1.6
KB/event. The event rate depended on the beam intensity and the trigger condition. For example, with
1 kcps event rate, data transfer rate is 1.6 MB/s (5.8
GB/hour), which is ﬁve-times higher than those fortypical RIPS experiments.
In spite of the higher data transfer rate, the deadtime of the entire system is shorter than those of previously used DAQ systems5,6) . This is because of thefollowing reason. The dead time of previous systems islinearly-proportional to the number of readout channels, which is ∼2 ms/event with this data transfer rate.
In contrast to this, the dead time of RIBF DAQ depends only on the FEC having the longest dead time
thanks to the scheme of the parallel-data readout andevent builder. The list of the dead time for each FEC
is shown in Table 2, where three dead times of ccnet01∗1

Center for Nuclear Study, University of Tokyo

0

10

F1

20m

F2 F3

F10

F5

F4

F6

F11

F9

F7 F8

e
gre r
De meteor
Ze ectro
Sp

BigRIPS

Fig. 1. The layout of the focal planes for BigRIPS and
ZeroDegree Spectrometer.

F3

F8

F11

f3daq
ggdaq01

f11daqLinux 2.4
Local event builder
for ggdaq02

RTLinux 2.4
CC/7700

RTLinux 2.4
CC/7700

F7

f11ge

ggdaq02

Linux 2.4
CC/7700

RTLinux 2.4
SBS620ccnet06
Linux 2.6
CC/NET

B3F

d02

d01
Linux 2.6
Local event builder
for f11ge

B2F

Linux 2.6
Masterevent builder

a02

a03

d03

Linux 2.6
Analysis

Linux 2.6
Analysis

Linux 2.6
Analysis

Server Room

ccnet05
Linux 2.4
CC/NETZDS
Measurement
Room

ccnet03

ccnet01

Linux 2.4
CC/NET

Linux 2.6
CC/NET

ccnet04

ccnet02

Linux 2.6
CC/NET

Linux 2.4
CC/NET

ssm
Linux 2.4
VMIVMEBigRIPS
Measurement
Room

Fig. 2. The conﬁguration of servers (rectangles) and FECs
(ovals). Controllers of CC/NET and VMIVME are
CPU-boards. CC/7700 and SBS620 are PCI-CAMAC
and PCI-VME type controllers, respectively.

are shown separately. The detector conﬁguration covered with ccnet01 diﬀers according to beam tuning andexperiments. Their dead times for the whole DAQ system are 350 and 280 µs/event, respectively. In these- 199 -

1

Table 1. The allocations of the detector signals. ccnet01–
05 were installed on B3F measurement room. Other
FECs were placed in B2F experimental room.
Detector
F1, F2, F3, F4, F6 Plastic and PPAC
F3 Si
F5 Plastic and PPACF7 Plastic and PPAC
F7 Si, Ge and IC
F8 and F8’ Plastic and PPAC
F8 NaI(Tl) detector array (DALI2)
F9, F10, F11 Plastic and PPACF11 Si and IC
F11 Ge

⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒
⇒

FEC
ccnet01
f3daq
ccnet02
ccnet03
ccnet06
ccnet04
ggdaq02
ccnet05
f11daqf11ge

Table 2. The dead time per 1 event for each FEC. Third
conﬁguration marked with a * was prepared but not
used. ssm was the front end for start/stop control andscaler. It did not aﬀect the dead time of the system.
Name
ccnet01(a)ccnet01(b)ccnet01(c)ccnet02
ccnet03
ccnet04
ccnet05
ccnet06
f3daq
f11daqf11ge
ggdaq02
ssm

Dead time
350 µs280 µs130 µs120 µs130 µs180 µs230 µs150 µs180 µs210 µs∼200 µs∼200 µs—–

Remarks
beam tuning (F1–F6)
RIBF-08, 28, 32, 55 (F3–F6)
RIBF-28, 32 (only F3)∗

Block PIO
Block DMAISR latency

Linux 2.4
3.6 µs/ch + 2.4 µs
1.2 µs/ch + 9.9 µs
21.7 µs

Linux 2.6
2.6 µs/ch + 1.7 µs
1.2 µs/ch + 6.7 µs
30.0 µs

by the number of readout channels and overhead
time. The process time of CC/NET is much higher
than other CAMAC controllers. The performances ofother CAMAC and VME controllers such as TOYO
CC/7700, Kinetic 3922, Wiener VMEMM, and SBS
620, have been reported in Ref. 7.
In summary the RIBF DAQ system has been developed and it functioned as designed in the day-one
experiments. In spite of the large data transfer rate of
1.6 KB/event, the dead time was eﬀectively suppressed
to 280 µs/event. The performance of the system is sufﬁciently high to cover most of RIBF experiments.
References

depends on gamma-ray ratedepends on gamma-ray rate
start/stop control and scaler

cases, the bottleneck was the performance of ccnet01.
The dead time of the system can be improved to as
short as 230 µs, which is limited by ccnet05, in the
conﬁguration of ccnet01(c) given in Table 2.
The dead time of each FEC depends on the number of readout channels, the conversion time of ADC,
and the interrupt latency of the operating system. If
the number of readout channels per FEC is small andthe conversion times of all ADCs are short enough,it is possible to achieve a dead time of less than
100 µs/event. The performances of CAMAC andVME controllers are important to reduce the deadtime of FEC. Thus, a device driver for CC/NET has
been newly developed. There are two hardware versions of CC/NET. The former version is running under Linux 2.4, whereas the latter is running under
Linux 2.6. Their performances are summarized in Table 3. CC/NET has the functions of programmed
input/output (PIO) block transfer mode and direct
memory access (DMA) block transfer. The process
time of these block transfer modes are determined

2

Table 3. The performance of the new CC/NET device
driver. CC/NET has a block transfer mode only. Theinterrupt service routine (ISR) latency is the delay timecoming from the period between the trigger signal reception and the actual start of the routine.

- 200 -

1) H. Baba et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 155(2008).
2) H. Baba et al.: IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record 2008, 1384 (2008).
3) T. Kubo : Nucl. Inst. Meth. B 204, 97 (2003).
4) S. Takeuchi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 148(2003).
5) T. Ichihara et al.: IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 36, 1628
(1989).
6) H. Baba et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 34, 221(2001).
7) H. Baba et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 37, 187(2004).

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

PHENIX silicon vertex tracker projectY. Akiba, N. Cassano,∗1 S. Chollet,∗2 V. Cianciolo,∗3 B. Deepack, A. Deshpande,∗1,∗4 O. Drapier,∗2 A. Drees,∗1
H. En’yo, K. Fujiwara, F. Gastaldi,∗2 R. Granier de Cassagnac,∗2 Y. Haki,∗5 K. Hashimoto,∗5 R. Ichimiya,J. Kanaya, M. Kasai,∗5 K. Kurita,∗5 M. Kurosawa, A. Lebedev,∗6 E. J. Mannel,∗7 K. Nakano R. Nouicer∗8
C. Ogilvie∗6 H. Ohnishi, Y. Onuki, R. Pak,∗8 C. Pancake,∗1 P. Riedler,∗9 E. Shafto,∗1 M. Sekimoto,∗10
W. Sondheim,∗11 M. Togawa, A. Taketani, S. Watanabe,∗12 and PHENIX VTX group• Fabrication of the pixel buses2) is under way.
• Q/A of the pixel sensor module is on going.
• Development of a pixel detector assembly system
is complete.3)• A final prototpye pixel ladder was fabricated witha production pixel bus and using the pixel assembly system.
• Q/A system for pixel ladders was developed.4)• Performance of the pixel detector was tested at abeam test at FNAL.5)• Development of the pixel read-out electronics iscomplete.7) Fabrication of the SPRIO read-out
board is under way at Ecole Polytechnique. Fabrication of the pixel FEE boards has been started
at Stony Brook.
• Q/A of the strip sensors is near completion.
• Signal to noise ratio of 10 has been achieved for the
strip detector prototype based on a ROC3 readout card in a bench test as well as in the FNAL
beam test.6)• Development of the read-out electronics for the
strip system is underway. Prototypes of the RCC
board, the LDTB board, the strip bus, and preproduction ROC will produced soon.7)• Fabrication of pixel staves (mechanical support+cooling) is on going at LBNL and will becompleted soon.
• On the software side, update of simulation software of the VTX systems?) and physics simulationof VTX8) are on going.

We are constructing a silicon vertex tracker (VTX)
for the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The primary
purpose of the detector is to carry out precise measurements of heavy-quark production (charm and beauty)
in A + A, p(d) + A, and polarized p + p collisions. The
main physics topics addressed by the VTX are as follows.
• Probing high-density partonic matter◦ Energy loss of heavy quarks (charm and bottom) in dense matter◦ Elliptic flow of heavy quarks in dense matter◦ Precise measurement of open heavy-quark
production◦ Modification of jets by medium effects• Measurements of gluon spin structure of nucleon◦ ∆G/G with heavy-quark production◦ ∆G/G with γ-jet measurement• Nucleon structure in nuclei◦ Gluon shadowing over broad x-range

These are key measurements that are required for future RHIC programs, both for the study of QGP in
heavy-ion collisions and for the measurement of thenucleon spin-structure functions.
The VTX detector consists of two inner layers ofsilicon pixel detectors1) and two outer layers of silicon
strip detectors. The detector covers pseudo-rapidity|η| < 1.2 and azimuth ∆φ ≈ 2π. The project is funded
by RIKEN, US DOE, and Ecole Polytechnique. The
US side of the project was started in US FY07. The
total budget is 4.7 M US dollars over four years (FY07FY10).
The main points of progress this year are as follows.

References• The first annual review of VTX was held at BNL
in June 2008.
∗1

Stony Brook University, USA
LLR, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, France∗3 Oak Ride National Laboratory, USA∗4 RIKEN BNL Research Center, USA∗5 Rikkyo University, Japan∗6 Iowa State University, USA∗7 Columbia University, USA∗8 Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA∗9 European Organization for Nuclear Research, Switzerland∗10 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan∗11 Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA∗12 Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology, Japan∗2- 201 -

1) A. Taketani et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 203(2009).
2) K. Fujiwara et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 205(2009).
3) Y. Onuki et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 209(2009).
4) Y. Haki et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 207(2009).
5) M. Kasai et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 212(2009).
6) M. Togawa et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 214(2009).
7) K. Nakano et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 211(2009).
8) M. Kurosawa et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 202(2009).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Spin physics capability with silicon vertex tracker for PHENIX
M. Kurosawa ∗1 for the PHENIX vertex collaborations

2PT
xg = √sPTPT
x1 = √ (e+ηjet + e+ηγ ), x2 = √ (e−ηjet + e−ηγ )ssxg = min{x1 , x2 }(2)Figure 1 (a) and (b) show the scatter plot of true xg
from PYTHIA and reconstructed xg with VTX andwithout VTX, respectively. Since the jet axis can not
be measured without VTX, there are discrepancies between true xg and reconstructed xg within the regionof low x(γ) in Fig. 1 (a). When measuring the jet axis
with VTX, however, the reconstructed xg is close totrue xg in Fig. 1 (b).
Figure 2 shows the simulated ALL of gluon as a function of xg assuming ∆g = g, ∆g = -g and the GRSVxg(tr) v . x(γ ))104

str ct)
104

3

0.25

xg(tr

0.3

xg(t

0.3

) vs. xg(r c

)

0.4
0.35

10

0.25

102

0.15

0.2

3

10

0.2

0.15
0.1

102

0.1

10

10

C

0.05
0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.05

0.4

1

0
0

D
0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

xg(r c

x(γ )

0.35

0.4

1

str ct)Fig. 1. Frame (a) and (b) show PYTHIA results comparing
true xg from PYTHIA and reconstructed xg with VTX
and without VTX, respectively. xg (true) is true xg .
xg (γ) and xg (reconstruct) are obtained from Eq. 1 andEq. 2, respectively.

standard model.4) The polarization of incident protons
was assumed to be 70 %. Vertical error bars in theplot represent statistical and background subtraction
errors. Horizontal error bars indicate reconstructed
uncertainty of xg .
0.1
0.08
0.06

∆II)458AUVF∆II

0.04
0.02
0
-0.02
-0.04

.RD 
2

-0.06
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

xg

(1)

With the VTX detector, xg can also be calculated byusing jet axis information. The xg is the smaller of x1
and x2 in the following equation.

∗1

xg(t
0.4
0.35

A

PHENIX is an experiment aiming to study the spin
structure of nucleons and hot and dense matter at
Brookhaven National Laboratory’s Relativistic Heavy
Ion Collider (RHIC). The PHENIX detector will be upgraded with the introduction of a silicon vertex tracker(VTX) to extend its physics capability1) in both thespin and heavy ion program. One of the roles of the
VTX in the spin program is to determine x-dependenceof ∆G/G with γ-jet correlation over a wide x range.
The γ-jet measurement is a good probe to determine
x-dependence of ∆G/G because the reaction is dominated by Compton qg → γq scattering. A detector
with large acceptance and good position resolution isrequired in order to reconstruct the jet-axis in γ-jet
measurement. The VTX has good position resolution(< 50 µm) and covers a large acceptance in a pseudorapidity range η < 1.2 and almost 2 π in azimuth.
In the future, integrated
luminosity is expected to√reach 300 pb−1 at s=500 GeV. This report describes
the simulation results of a longitudinal double-spin
asymmetry ALL for γ-jet event with VTX detector at
this expected luminosity.
The γ-jet production events were generated using
the PYTHIA Monte Carlo program.2) Jet axis was reconstructed by using a simple cone algorithm.3) Direct
photons were reconstructed with the finely segmented
electromagnetic calorimeters in PHENIX detector.
With the current PHENIX detector, Bjorken x gluons (xg ) are evaluated using only the transverse momentum of direct photon, as described by the following
equation.

Fig. 2. Simulated ALL of gluon as a function of xg . Dashed,
dot-dashed and solid lines correspond to ALL assuming∆g = g, ∆g = -g and the GRSV standard model, respectively.

PYTHIA simulation of γ-jet√ production was performed under the conditions s = 500 GeV and L= 300 pb−1 . Using VTX improved the x reconstruction especially in the lower xg region. The ALL wasestimated as a function of xg .
References
1) Y. Akiba, et al.: Proposal for a Silicon Vertex Tracker(VTX) for the PHENIX Experiment (Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 2005).
2) T. Sjöstrand, S. Mrenna and P. Skands: JHEP 05, 026(2006).
3) F. Abe et al.: Phys. Rev. D45, 2249 (1992).
4) M. Gluck, E. Reya, M. Stratmann and W. Vogelsang:
Phys. Rev. D63 094005 (2001).

Nishina RIKEN, RIKEN

1- 202 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Silicon Pixel Detector for the PHENIX Vertex Tracker†
A. Taketani, Y. Akiba, N. Cassano,∗1 S. Chollet,∗2 B. Deepack, O. Drapier,∗2 A. Dress,∗1 H. En’yo, K. Fujiwara,
F. Gastaldi,∗2 R. Granier de Cassagnac,∗2 Y. Haki, ∗3 K. Hasegawa,∗4 H. Hasebe,∗4 K. Hashimoto, ∗3
R. Ichimiya, J. Kanaya, M. Kasai,∗3 M. Kawashima,∗3 K. Kurita,∗3 M. Kurosawa, E. J. Mannel,∗5 K. Nakano,
H. Ohnishi, Y. Onuki, R. Pak,∗6 C. Pancake,∗1 P. Riedler,∗7 E. Shafto,∗1 M. Sekimoto,∗8 W. Sondheim,∗9
M. Tabuki,∗10 Y. Teshima,∗10 M. Togawa, S. Watanabe∗11 , and the PHENIX VTX group
The silicon Vertex tracker (VTX) will be installed
in 2010 to PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic
Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) to enhance physics capability in both spin and heavy ion program. The VTX
will be implemented very close to the collision points
and cover η |≤ . and φ ∼ 2π by four layers of siliconsensors.1) It will be able to identify the heavy quark
production from light quarks by measuring a displaced
vertex due to the longer life time of charm and bottom
quarks, whose cτ ranges 100 to 400 µm. The jet will beidentified by measuring momentum of charged hadrons
within its larger acceptance.
The VTX consists of pixel detectors on inner twolayers and stripixel detectors on outer two layers, which
are shown in Fig. 1. We, RIKEN group are in chargeof 30 pixel ladders, which is the minimum replaceable
module of the detector. This article describes the status of the pixel ladders.
The pixel ladder consists of four sensor hybrids, asupport stave, and two readout bus. The pixel size ofthe sensor is 50 × 425 µm2 , which is shown in Fig 2
as small black box. One sensor has 256 × 32 × 4 andis connected to four ALICELHCB1 chips by the bumpbonding technology. A signal from the sensor are converted to binary hit data through a preamplifier and adiscriminator. These binary hit data as digital signal
are transmitted to a Silicon Pixel Read-Out (SPIRO)
board via an extender. The SPIRO board multiplex
data from eight of ALUCLHCB1 chips, and transmits
them to a Front End Module (FEM) thorough 1.6Gbps
serial optical link.4) Up to the SPIRO will be implemented near collision points, so they must be compact,thin, and radiation hard. The FEM receives the hit
information from multiple SPIRO boards and transmits them with format transformation to the PHENIXDAQ system.
The readout bus and the extender2) was made withpolyimide-base flexible printed circuit. The bus thatis 1.4cm wide, 25cm long, and 300 µm thick, consists∗1

Stony Brook University, USA
LLR, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, France∗3 Rikkyo University, Japan∗4 Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautical Engineering,Japan∗5 Columbia University, USA∗6 Brookhaven National Laboratory∗7 European Organization for Nuclea Research, Switzerland∗8 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Japan∗9 Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA∗10 Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industiral Technology, Japan∗2

Fig. 1. PHENIX Vertex Tracker: Cut view on the Z-φplane. The pink tube is a beam pipe. The two layers of pixel sensor and two layers of stripixel sensors
are arranged in a concentric pattern.

Fig. 2. Pixel sensor: One pixel is shown as black smallbox, whose size is 50 × 425 µm2 . The generated particles from the proton-proton collisions are boosted in the
beam direction. The transverse momentum from beamaxis has more physics information. It requires asymmetric spatial resolution to minimize the total numberof readout channel.

- 203 -

1

of four signal layers, which include 186 signal lines,
and two power layers. The bus and sensor hybrid areconnected by bonding wires. The extender has twolayers for signal lines, which are sandwiched by power
layers and a thin shield layer. The connection between
the bus and the extender are done by two fine pitch
connectors. The cross talk on a trigger signal line wascaused by the clock signal line, which was located on
the back of the trigger line. These lines were isolatedby the 50 µm thick polyimide film. In addition to
moving all lines from the backside of the trigger line, allbackside lines were laid as cross-stitched. The extenderwith the new design was made and confirmed having
no cross talks.
The four sensor-hybrids were lined up within 10µm,
and then were glued to the support stave. Two readoutbuses were glued on them. After glue was cured, thesensor-hybrids and the buses were connected by the
25µm diameter aluminum boding wires. Fig. 3 shows
the full pixel ladder. Some of the wires have intermittent electrical current flow which is synchronized tothe data taking triggers. The trigger rate is up to 20
KHz at the PHENIX DAQ environment. We observed
wire vibration with resonance structure in the 1T magnetic field.3) . The frequency of the resonance peak isaround 5 KHz. So the wire may be broken in the real
PHENIX environment. Therefore the wires are encapsulated by two types of glues. The low viscosity glue
should encapsulate entire wires. The high viscosity
glue is used for barriers preventing low viscosity one
to flow out. The procedure for the encapsulation isestablished with the realistic pixel ladders.
The assembled pixel ladders have to be tested forfunctionality electrically with the extender, the SPIRO
board and the FEM. The FEM was controlled by thePC with Microsoft Visual Basic environment. The
original program was written for the hardware development. The functional test should be done automatically. We reorganized the original program.5) All configuration such as threshold of discriminating a signal
from noises, pipeline delay length for the trigger tim-

Fig. 3. Assembled full pixel ladder: It consists from one
carbon fiber stave, four sensor module, and two readoutbuses.

2- 204 -

ing, and so on are downloaded via JTAG control. The
specified electric charge was injected into the preamplifier input and then hit data were retrieved. The
threshold curve was obtained by scanning threshold of
the discriminator. The threshold and noise characteristic of the each pixel channel were obtained. Also thesensor hybrid was irradiated by the β-ray from 90 Srsource and then hit data were read out. The hit map
was drawn and confirmed most of the pixels on thesensor were functional.
A telescope array of three pixel ladders were tested
with 120 GeV/c proton beam at the Fermi National
Accelerator Laboratory6) with stripixel ladders.7) The
pixel ladders were connected to the FEM via SPIRO
boards. The FEM sent data to the data acquisition system which emulated PHENIX data acquisition
system. Event trigger was generated by the coincidence among two scintillation counters on upstream
and downstream of the pixel telescope, and was required a hit on each three layers at minimum. The
trigger rate was around 40Hz and 19K events were accumulated in the storage successfully.
In conclusion we have finished the development
phase of the pixel ladders, confirmed their performanceby using high energy proton beam. First mass production batch will be started in the early 2009.
References
1) Y.Akiba et al.:RIKEN Accel.Prog.Rep.42,xxx (2009)
2) K Fujiwara et al.:RIKEN Accel.Prog.Rep.42,xxx (2009)
3) Y.Onuki et al.:RIKEN Accel.Prog.Rep.42,xxx (2009)4) E.J.Mannel et al.:RIKEN Accel.Prog.Rep.42,xxx (2009)5) Y.Haki et al.:RIKEN Accel.Prog.Rep.42,xxx (2009)6) M.Kasai et al.: RIKEN Accel.Prog.Rep.42,xxx (2009)7) M. Togawa et al.:RIKEN Accel.Prog.Rep.42,xxx (2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development and production status of a fine-pitch andlow-material-budget readout bus for the PHENIX pixel detector
K. Fujiwara, A. Taketani, Y. Haki,∗1 K. Hasegawa,∗2 H. Hasebe,∗2 S. Watanabe,∗2 Y. Akiba, M. Kasai,∗1
M. Kurosawa, Y. Onuki, H. En’yo, R. Ichimiya, K. Kurita, M. Sekimoto, M. Togawa, K. Nakano, J. Kanaya,
D. Bista and PHENIX VTX group
The PHENIX detector system at the relativistic
heavy ion collider (RHIC) at the Brookhaven National
Laboratory will be upgraded by installing a four-layer
silicon vertex tracker (VTX) by the summer of 2010.1)
The VTX consists of two inner silicon pixel detectors
and two outer silicon strip detectors. The VTX will enhance the physics capabilities to enable the investigation of new hot and dense nuclear matter in heavy-ion
collisions and the structure of the proton spin in polarized proton-proton collisions at the RHIC by identifying heavy quarks via the measurement of the displaced
vertex.1) Our group is responsible for developing andfabricating the Silicon Pixel ladder.
The signals from pixel sensors are processed using
bump-bonded readout chips and converted to binary
data. One readout chip has data of 32-bit × 256 depth.
The binary data are transferred to a SPIRO board2)
via fine-pitch and low-material-budget Pixel Bus. The
signal on the SPIRO board is converted to a serial
optical signal and transmitted to the PHENIX DAQ
system. The Pixel Bus has been developed and is in
the production phase. The status of the Pixel Bus isdescribed in this report.
In principle the Silicon Pixel Detector has five constraints on the detector and the production sides: ∼50 µs of detector readout time, avoidance of mechanical conflict with the neighboring detector sector, minimization of the multiple scattering and photon conversions, and ease of Pixel Bus production and handling on the production side. For the detector readout time, we have chosen to expand the parallel 32-bit
data width in the original design of ALICE4) to 128bits. First, we modified the digital PILOT chip, which
has a 2 × 32-bit data bus width. The digital PILOT
chip controls readout chips and multiplexes data fromthe chips.2) By using two digital PILOT chips for two
sensor modules an approach, which is called a halfladder,5) the Pixel Bus will have a 128-bit data bus
width. Four readout chips (4 × 32-bit data width) canbe read in parallel on the half-ladder. However, thisexpansion requires a circuit with a layout four-times
more dense than layout from the original ALICE design on the bus. Moreover, a bus width of 13.9 mm is
resuired to avoid mechanical conflict with the neighborhood, a bus width of 13.9 mm is required. In orderto minimize multiple scattering and photon conversion
in the detector, the Pixel Bus has to be made as thin
∗1
∗2

Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology

as possible with available technology. Fourth, to facilitate production and handling of the bus, it should bemade with Flexible Printed Circuit board (FPC) technology, in which the board is made from a conductor of
copper and aluminum, and a polyimide insulator. Finally, two types of Pixel Bus are necessary for detector
construction, i.e., the right side and left side bus. The
difference between these buses is their signal and power
connector positions. The circuit on the buses has exactly the same functionality. The right Pixel Bus hasconnectors on the right, the left Pixel Bus has themon the left. The development of such a fine-pitch FPC
is a challenging but key component of the project.
We developed a new copper-aluminum-polyimide
FPC that has a 128-bit data bus width. The Pixel
Bus has the advantage of not only enabling a fourfold increase in the data bus width, but also reducing
the material budget. For our bus, we are aiming forless than 0.28% of X/X0 in the radiation length. The
bus has six layers that consist of copper, aluminumand polyimide films. It contains two signal layers, two
via layers for manufacturing purposes, a power and aground layer. Two fine pitch connectors on the bus
are for connection with a Bus Extender connected toa SPIRO board. The connectors are for control anddata signals. The bus contains 188 longitudinal lines
in total. The size of the bus is 13.9 × 250 mm2 . Hence,
one signal and control line is 30 µm in width and theinterval between line and line is 30 µm in minimum
with 3 µm thickness copper.7,8)
In the production phase, we have attempted to improve the bus production yield. We succeeded in increasing the yield from a very low level (< 10%) to ∼80% by two methods. The first method is a modification of the via process. A via is an interconnection
between different layers, i.e., a through hole with copper plating. The second method is to reduce “Micro
Short” between a line and a ground plane by using a
new layout. The Micro Short means a bridge made bya residue of copper between a pattern and pattern.
In the via process, laser drilling is done by ∼ 10times with a fine-adjusted laser output. Because ina via hole made by a laser by one time, a polyimide
film is greatly melted by the generated heat and thereflection at the higher layer output. Consequently thevia hole diameter is irregular in polyimide and copper
regions. The irregular diameter region causes a defectin the Au plating process for the vias. The circular via
hole is changed to an oval shape. This modification- 205 -

1

allows the plating fluid to easily penetrate into the via
hole.
In the new layout, the distance between a line andthe ground layer increased by more than 100 µm fromthe first design. With this layout, the residue of copperaround the region is removed completely in the etchingprocess, and the Micro Shorts on the bus disappear.
To evaluate performance, line resistance has beenmeasured using an Agilent 4263B LCR meter and a
micro-positioner with a probe needle. Figure 1 shows
the measured resistance divided by the line length forthe right and left side bus. The mean value is 0.174Ω/mm; the sigma is 0.017 Ω/mm for the right side bus;
the mean value is 0.191 Ω/mm; and the sigma is 0.011Ω/mm for the left side bus. The calculated value is 0.13Ω/mm ∼ 0.17 Ω/mm. Thus the fabrication quality is
excellent.
50

50

a)

Frequency

3030

20 Mean=0.174 Ω/mm

20 Mean=0.191 Ω/mm

σ=0.017 Ω/mm

σ=0.011Ω/mm

10

0
0

b)

40

Frequency

406) K. Fujiwara et al.: Czech. J. Phys. 55 (12), (2005)
7) K. Fujiwara, Development of a silicon pixel tracker foran experiment of high energy heavy ion and polarized
proton collisions, Doctoral dissertation, Niigata University, 2007.
8) K. Fujiwara, et al. “Fine Pitch and low Material Readout Bus for the Silicon Pixel Detector in the PHENIX
Vertex Tracker”, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, vol. 56, No.1, February 2009.
9) M. Kasai, et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 212(2009)

10

0.05

0.1

0.15
Ω/mm

0.2

0.25

0.3

0
0

0.05

0.1

0.15
Ω/mm

0.2

0.25

0.3

Fig. 1. Resistance distribution of the right and left Pixel
Bus. a) is the right side bus, b) is the left side bus.

A half-ladder and a full-ladder were successfully fabricated using the buses.5) In 2008 we had access to atest beam to check the functionality at the Fermi National Laboratory. A telescope consisting of three layers of pixel ladders was used, and irradiation was donewith a 120 GeV proton beam was irradiated.9)
A total 19542 events were collected and 7308 tracks
were reconstructed.
In summary, we have successfully developed and produced a very fine pitch and low-material-budget readout bus for the VTX upgrade. The production yieldhas been increased by improving the via process andline layout. This is shown by the measured resistancein the Pixel Bus. The pre-production ladder has beensuccessfully fabricated, and performance was checkedin the test beam at FNAL in 2008. Finally, the mass
production of the Pixel Bus will start at the beginningof 2009.
References
1) Y. Akiba: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 201 (2009).
2) R. Ichimiya: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 176 (2007).
3) R. Ichimiya: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 171 (2008).
4) A. Kluge et al.: Proc PIXEL 2002 Workshop (Monterey, CA) eConfC020909.
5) Y. Onuki: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 209, (2009).

2- 206 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of quality assurance software
for the silicon pixel ladder in the PHENIX Vertex Tracker
Y. Haki∗1 , K. Fujiwara, K. Hashimoto∗1 , M. Kurosawa, A. Taketani, Y. Akiba, N. Apadula∗2 , D. Bista,
S. Chollet∗3 , O. Drapier∗2 , A. Dress∗3 , R. Granier de Cassagnac∗3 , R. Ichimiya, K. Kurita∗1 , M. Kasai∗1 ,J. Kanaya, K. Nakano, Y. Onuki, C. Pancake∗2 , M. Sekimoto∗4 , E. Shafto∗2 , M.Togawa,and the PHENIX VTX group
The ladder QA software controls this equipment using
a Visual Basic program and analyzes test results with
the ROOT analysis tool5) in the Microsoft Windows
XP environment.
In the QA procedure, a chip is classified according
to the threshold and the noise levels. As for the levels,
we adopt mean levels calculated from the data for allof the pixels in the chip. The following method wasapplied to measure the threshold and noise levels fora pixel. A specific amount of charge was injected into
the relevant preamplifier for a pixel 100 times. The efficiency of detecting the charge is the ratio of the eventwith a response. Nineteen different amounts of charge
were examined in a similar way for measurement of
the turning on curve as shown in Fig. 2, where the efficiency is plotted as a function of charge. The data wasfitted with an error function (a line). The derivationof the function gives a gaussian distribution characterized by two parameters, mean and standard deviation.
These two parameters correspond to the threshold andthe noise levels for the pixel, respectively. The noiselevel is also used to identify a noisy pixel.

Efficiency(%)

The PHENIX detector at RHIC-BNL will be upgraded with a silicon vertex tracker (VTX) surrounding a beam pipe with four cylindrical layers1) . The
inner two layers are silicon pixel detectors (SPDs) andthe outer two layers are silicon strip detectors. As partof the plan upgrading the PHENIX VTX, the RIKEN
group is developing the SPD. The SPD is made up of 30
ladders, each of which consists of a thermal plate, four
sensor hybrids and two pixel buses2) . A sensor hybrid
is an assembly of a silicon pixel sensor and four readout chips (ALICE1LHCb) which were bump-bondedwith 20-µm-diameter bumps to the sensor. The readout chip has 8192 pixel cells arranged in 32 columns
and 256 rows. The pixel size is 50 µm × 425 µm. The
pixel bus is a copper-aluminum-polyimide base flexible
printed circurit board. A signal from the silicon pixel
sensor is read out through the readout chip and the
pixel bus. For the production of the ladder, a quality
assurance (QA) test of the ladder is required to ensure that it can be implemented in the PHENIX. This
report describes the development status of ladder QA
software.
The set up of the ladder QA system is shown in
Fig. 1. A half ladder is connected to a Silicon Pixel
Interface Read Out module (SPIRO) board3) with aflexible printed circuit board (the pixel bus and bus
extender4) ). The SPIRO board supplys reference voltages to read out chips on the sensor hybrids, serializes
data from two sensor hybrids on a half ladder and sends
out the data to a front end module (FEM) via optical cables. The FEM sends out the data to a PC via
USB1.1 data link.

100

80

60

40

20

0
0

Fig. 2. A typical threshold curve obtained for a pixel. Horizontal axis is the charge value injected into the preamplifier input. Vertical axis is the efficiency for each injected charge.

Fig. 1. Set up of ladder QA system.
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000−
charge(e )Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University,USA
LLR, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3,FranceInstitute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK

In the present procedure, the data for pixels in thesame row was taken simultaneously as shown in Fig. 3(a). Therefore, the data for a whole chip has to be- 207 -

1

transferred as many times as the number of rows.
Based on the time we used to take the data for 320 pixels, it is estimated that this method takes ∼17 hours
per one chip. Our goal is to finish the scan test for achip in less than one hour. The reason it is time consuming is mainly due to the access time of 100 ms ofUSB1.1 link. Consequently, the threshold scan takes
at least 100 ms × 100 test pulses × 19 points × 256
rows ∼13 hours/chip. However, if data is taken “column by column” instead of “row by row” as shown in
Fig. 3 (b), time taking data is expected to be reducedby as much as a ratio of 256 to 32. Furthermore to reduce the amount of access, it is important that a data
buffer is added in the FPGA on the FEM. For example, if 100 buffers are prepared, the data transmission
via USB1.1 link will reduce one-hundredth. The datatransmission time of 13 hours/chip is then reduced to
8 minutes. Through these improvements, we estimatethat the data transmission time will be a few minutes/chip.

Fig. 3. The scanning directions are indicated by arrows.
The number of rows and columns are 256 and 32, respectively. (a) The data for one row is taken one at atime. (b) The data for one column is taken one at atime.

In summary, the basic parts of the ladder QA software have been developed. The QA time will be improved, and as a result it will take a few hours in total
for one half ladder. We expect that the QA software
will be completed in advance of mass production of thehalf ladder.
References
1) Y. Akiba, et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 201(2009).
2) Y. Onuki, et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 165(2008).
3) R. Ichimiya, et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 171(2008).
4) K. Fujiwara, et al.: IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 56, 250(2009).
5) <http://root.cern.ch/>.

2- 208 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of an encapsulation procedure for the first PHENIX
pixel ladder in the production version †Y. Onuki, Y. Akiba, J. Asai, H. En’yo, K. Fujiwara, R. Ichimiya, M. Kasai,∗1 K. Kurita,∗1 M. Kawashima,∗1 M.
Kurosawa, K.Nakano M. Sekimoto,∗2 A. Taketani, M. Togawa, Y. Yamamoto∗3 and PHENIX VTXCollaboration
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC1) ) at
Brookhaven National Laboratory(BNL) enables po√
larized p-p collisions at s up to 500 GeV and heavy√
nuclei at sN N up to 200 GeV. The Pioneering HighEnergy Nuclear Interaction eXperiment (PHENIX2) )is one of the two main experiments at RHIC.
We have been constructing a silicon vertex tracker(VTX3) ) for the PHENIX which will enhance thephysics capabilities of the PHENIX central arm detectors. The purpose is to measure the heavy flavor
mesons which carry direct signals from Quark Gluon
Plasma in heavy ion collisions and fundamental information on gluon polarization in polarized p-p collisions.
The VTX consists of two types of silicon detectors:
a pixel detector and a strip detector.4) A pixel ladderis the basic unit of the pixel detectors. There are 10
and 20 pixel ladders in the first and second layer ofthe VTX, respectively. A pixel ladder is made of four
sensor modules, two readout buses,5) and a stave which
provides mechanical support and cooling.
After assembly6) , four sensor modules and two buses
are connected electrically by wire-bonding. The 1848
Al wires, 25 µm in diameter and roughly 4 mm long,
are wedge-bonded at a 120 µm pitch by a bonder machine, the K&S 8060.
We evaluated the effect of resonant vibration on
bonding wires induced by Lorentz force7) with mock
circuits wire-bonded in 0.8 T magnetic field, corresponding to the actual environment where the VTX
will be installed, using the magnet in the RIKEN
Nishina Center. The ends of the bonding wire wereconnected to a GTL pulse generator and 50 Ω terminated register. A monochrome CCD video-camera
equipped with a telephoto lens was located ∼ 0.6m
away from the circuit to prevent it from being influenced by magnetic fields. The vibration was observed
as in Fig 1, where the horizontal thin lines are bonding
wires which connect the ends of the left and the rightelectrodes. The vibration was recorded in a movie for
3 seconds in the AVI format with a capture board in
the PC. GTL pulses were sent for 2 seconds (on signal)
and nothing (off signal) was sent for 1 second.
On and off signal frames were integrated separately over the two-dimensional histograms of pixels
for brightness. Next, each integrated two-dimensional
histogram was sliced at the maximum resonant plane
∗1
∗2
∗3

Rikkyo University, Japan
KEK, Japan
University of Electro-Communications, Japanof the bonding wire into a one-dimensional histogram.
Each histogram, representing the cross-section of theresonant plane, was fitted with a Breit-Wigner function convoluted single Gaussian and a first-order polynomial function. In this fitting, the sigma of the convoluting Gaussian for the on signal histogram was fixed
to the value of the sigma obtained by the fit for theoff signal histogram. We defined the FWHMon and
FWHMoff , where the FWHM stands for the full widthat half maximum of the fitted Breit-Wigner, obtained
from the fitting the on signal and off signal histograms,
respectively. The points in Fig 2 indicate the ratio of
FWHMon to FWHMoff at various frequencies, where
the fitted empirical function f is defined by Eq (1)and described as a solid line with fitted parameters.

Fig. 1. Observed vibration of the bonding wire.

f = 1 + B.W. = 1 +(γ 2 /4)H(ω − ω0 )2 + (γ 2 /4)(1)

The maximum vibration of the wire exists around5.9 kHz which is close to the L1 trigger-rate in the
PHENIX. Therefore, we concluded that the bonding wires should be encapsulated. An encapsulation
method using two encapsulants, Sylgard 186 and 184,
was developed using a dispensing robot. Dispensing
just above the wires, the encapsulants can not stayaround the wires. We solved this problem by forming
a dam using Sylgard 186, which has a high viscosity,
near the neck of the wires at the bus side. After curing, the ladder was tilted and filled with Sylgard 184
as shown in Fig.3.
We successfully assembled a first pixel ladder, shownin Fig 4, using the procedure in this report and theactual component in July, 2008. Table 1 shows abreakdown of the time required to assemble a ladder,- 209 -1

2.2

l = 3.98 ± 0.102
χ2 = 104.09, NDF = 14

1.8

γ = 0.50 ± 0.01

1.6
1.4

H = 1.00 ± 0.03

1.2
1

ω = 5.89 ± 0.00
5

5.5

6

6.5
[KHz]

7

7.5

8

Fig. 2. Frequency dependence of the FWHMon /FWHMoff ,where l is the length of the bonding wire, γ is the
FWHM, H is the height and ω0 is the resonant frequency. The solid line indicates the fitted function f .

comparing the current and the past assembly schemes.
Past trial assemblies of half ladders were performed
manually by skillful engineers. The time needed forwire-bonding is conservatively estimated at 8 hours,
including tuning of the bonder machine for every ladder. The time for encapsulation is estimated at 52
hours which consists of forming the dam in three steps
and the cure time. In total, 87.5 hours and 161 hours
are required to assemble a ladder with the current andthe past schemes, respectively. The number of the days
to deliver a ladder is 7 days with the current schemeand 10 days with the past scheme. Most of the time isused to cure the adhesive and encapsulant in the ladder placed on the stave fixture. The waiting time canbe reduced to use six stave fixtures and to pipeline theprocedure in Table 1. Therefore, the total assemblytime of 87.5 hours can be reduced to 27.5 hours, after
subtracting the curing time of 60 hours. The numberof days to deliver of a ladder can be compressed to 2
days. The new pipeline assembly scheme can conservatively produce 40 ladders in four months.
We have confirmed that the current method produces ladders with higher precision and efficiency thanthe past assembly that required high cost and time.
References

Fig. 3. Developed encapsulation method.

Fig. 4. Assembled pixel ladder in the container.

Current
hour daySensor alignment
0.5
Q/A
0.5
1
Gluing sensors
1
Cure time
12×3
12Gluing buses
8×2
1
Cure time
12×2
2
12
1
Q/A
→
0.5
Wire-bonding→
1
8
1
Forming dam
1×3
Cure time
12×3
→
4
4
Filling encapsulant
1Cure time
12
Total
161
10
87.5
7
Table 1. Assembly time of a ladder using current and past
scheme.
Procedure\Scheme2

Pasthour day
8×3→
3- 210 -

1) H.Hahn et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Method Phys.A 499, 245(2003).
2) K.Adcox et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A
499, 469 (2003)
3) PHENIX Collaboration, Proposal for a Silicon Vertex
Tracker (VTX) for the PHENIX Experiment, BNL72204R-2004.
4) J. Tojo et al.: IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. 51, 2337 (2004);
Z. Li et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 541,
21 (2005); Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 535,
404 (2004); Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 518,
300 (2004).
5) K. Fujiwara: Nuclear Science Symposium Conference
Record, 2007. NSS apos;07.IEEE Volume 1, issue, Oct.
26 2007-Nov.3 2007 Page(s): 100-106; K. Fujiwara etal.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 163 (2008).
6) Y. Onuki et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 39, 205(2006); Y. Onuki et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40,
171 (2007); Y. Onuki et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep.
41, 165 (2007).
7) G. Bolla et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A
518, 277 (2005); A. R. Weidberg et al.: Nucl. Instrum.
Methods Phys. Res. A 538, 442(2005).

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Implementation of charge sharing and clusteringin simulator of PHENIX silicon vertex tracker
K. Nakano, M. Togawa, M. Kurosawa and PHENIX VTX Group

ChannelThe PHENIX experiment is being carried out at
RHIC to investigate the property of hot and dense
hadronic matter using heavy-ion collisions and the spin
structure of the proton using polarized proton-proton
collisions. The Silicon Vertex Tracker (VTX)1) is
mandatory to improve the capabilities of the PHENIX
experiment. It provides (1) a precise vertex measurement, which enables us to separate charm and bottom(heavy ﬂavor) quarks, and (2) a charged-particle tracking with large acceptance, which enables us to measurecharged particles to reconstruct the jet at mid-rapidity.
The VTX will be installed close to the collision pointand cover a pseudorapidity region |η| < 1.2 and a azimuthal angle ∆φ ≈ 2π, where the acceptance of the
PHENIX Central Arms is currently |η| < 0.35 and∆φ = 90◦ × 22) . The VTX consists of two pixel layers at inner and two stripixel layers at outer within
14 cm from the beams. One layer is segmented into
10 to 20 ladders, each of which covers a part of φangle. The sizes of pixels are 50 × 425 µm2 in pixel
layer and 80 × 1000 µm2 in stripixel layer, where thelonger side is parallel to the beam axis (z). Stripixel channels are read out in two directions, x-strip(parallel to beam direction) and u-strip (tilted byarctan(80/1000) = 4.6◦ ), and all channels in each direction are summed up into one readout.

250
350
200

300

In parallel to the detector construction, simulation
studies based on the GEANT detector simulator are
being carried out. It is indispensable to evaluate arealistic performance expected under the current detector conﬁguration, such as position resolution and
S/N. We implemented a realistic charge-sharing andclustering algorithms for it.
Charges deposited by a particle can be shared between neighboring strips particularly when the particle is incident non-vertically. The charge-sharing algorithm divides charges by the fraction of the path
length in each strip. The clustering algorithm willdeal with real data in the future as well as simulated data, and so far the clustering in stripixel layer
has been implemented. Neighboring strips that havean ADC value above a threshold are gathered intoa group. The position of a group is deﬁned as the
ADC-weighted
positions �of all strips in the group;�
xgroup = i (ADCi · xi )/ i ADCi . The same grouping is independently done with u-strips, and all crossing points of x-groups and u-groups are regarded as reconstructed hits. Figure 1 shows an example of the result of clustering, and Fig. 2 shows the position resolution, i.e. the diﬀerence between true and√ reconstructed
hit positions. It is better than width/ 12 as expected
when charges are shared with more than one strip.
The charge sharing and clustering that we implemented worked properly. Hereafter the eﬃciency ofthe clustering will be studied, which is not unity as it
is observed that some particle hits in Fig. 1 do not havea correponding reconstructed hit, and are optimized byadjusting the ADC threshold.

250
150
200
150

100

100
50

References
1) M. Baker et al., “Proposal for a Silicon Vertex Tracker
for the PHENIX Experiment”.
2) K. Adcox et al., “PHENIX detector overview,” Nucl.
Instrum. Meth. A 499, 469 (2003).

50
0
0

2

4

6

8

10
12
2 * Sensor + Sector

200

200

180

180

160

160

Fig. 1. An event display with a simulated event of mostcentral Au+Au collision. Only one stripixel ladder inthe outer layer is shown (x-axis: 36 cm parallel tobeam direction, y-axis: 3.43 cm). The green ﬁlled
circles represent particle hit position; the horizontal and tilted lines represent x and u stripixels withabove threshold energy respectively; the red open circles and squares show reconstructed hit position that
does and does not have a corresponding particle hit, respectively.

140

140

120

120
100

100

80

80

60

60

40

40
20

20
0
-0.01 -0.008 -0.006 -0.004 -0.002

00.002 0.004

0.006 0.008 0.01
x Clus - xGhit (cm)

0
-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2
0.3
zClus - zGhit (cm)Fig. 2. Position resolution estimated with simulated eventsof most-central Au+Au collision, i.e. the diﬀerence between true and reconstructed hit positions. The left
and right plots are of x and z directions respectively.

- 211 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Beam test of the PHENIX silicon pixel detector for 120GeV proton
M. Kasai,∗1 K. Fujiwara, M. Kurosawa, A. Taketani, K. Kurita,∗1 N. Apadula,∗2 C. Pancake,∗2 E. Mannel,∗3
M. Togawa, A. Drees,∗2 E. Shafto,∗2 F. Gastaldi,∗5 H. En’yo, K. Nakano, K. Hashimoto,∗1 O. Drapier,∗5
M. Sekimoto,∗4 S. Chollet,∗5 Y. Akiba, Y. Onuki, Y. Haki,∗1 R. Ichimiya, W. Sondheim,∗6
and PHENIX VTX group.
A Silicon Vertex Tracker (VTX) will be installed for
PHENIX experiment at RHIC in 2010. The VTX will
enhance the physics capabilities of the PHENIX central arm spectrometers by providing precision measurements of heavy-quark (charm and beauty) production
in A+A, p(d)+A and polarized p+p collisions.
The VTX consists of pixel detectors at inner 2 layers(10 ladders [1,310,720 read-out channels] and 20 ladders [2,621,440 read-out channels]) and strip detectors
at outer 2 layers (377,856 read-out channels) which
cover pseudo-rapidity of |η| ≤1.2, azimuth of φ ∼2π.
Rikkyo University and RIKEN are responsible for the
pixel ladders.
A pixel ladder consists of a stave which supports
whole ladder mechanically and four pixel sensor modules3) , two read-out buses2) as shown in Figure 1. The
stave including cooling structure is made from carbon fiber reinforced plastic. The sensor module3) ismade from a pixel sensor, with pixel size of 50µm
in the z (row) direction and 450 µm in the φ (column) direction, and four read-out chips connected by
the bump bonding technique. The read-out bus is acopper-aluminum-polyimide base flexible printed circuit board. We established an assembly procedure fora pixel ladder and will start mass production in Janualy 2009.1) We confirmed the performance of the pixel
ladder by using high energy proton beam. In this report, we describe the tracking results of beam test withthe pre-production pixel ladders.

Fig. 1. Structure of a pixel full ladder

In August 2008, a beam test was carried out at Fermi
National Accelerator Laboratory in order to check thedata taking system (DAQ) and performance of prototype pixel detector. At the meson test beam area,
120GeV proton beam was used. The beam was de∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

Department of Physics,Rikkyo University
Stony Brook University, USA
Nevis Labs Columbia University
KEK
Ecole Polytechnique
LANL

livered per 4 seconds. A spill had maximum ∼2×104
counts.

Fig. 2. Setup of beam test. The vertical distance between
1st layer and 2nd layer, 1st layer and 3rd layer were
46.5mm and 86.5mm, respectively.

The setup of beam test is shown in Figure 2. A telescople configuration of three pixel ladders was used.
Each pixel ladder was connected to a Silicon Pixel
Interface Read Out(SPIRO) board4) . Three SPIRO
boards were fed to a Front End Module(FEM). Three
scintillation counters were used as an event trigger anddetermination of the beam timing. The SPIRO board
controls read-out chips and collects data and sends
them to the FEM via optical cables. The FEM isa translator between detector specific electronics and
PHENIX standard data acquisition modules that sends
command signals to the SPIRO board and packs andtransmits recieved data. The FEM has a USB interface
for downloading the internal configuration from a local
PC. Each readout chips has an all-hits-ORed output(FastOR), which will be fired even a single hit in thechip. The trigger is made of a coincidence of FastOR
on the three layer and triple coincidence scintillation
counter trigger. This system has been operated successfully.
The configuration of the telescope was changed third- 212 -

1

time, A, B and C. The difference of the configuration
was the position of 2nd layer along column direction.
Geometry

Trigger Rate

Number of Event

3 Hits

A
B
C

34
38
36

8.9×103
6.0×103
4.6×103

3.3×103
1.4×103
2.6×103

Table 1. Run List

DAQ system was able to set several values and takedata without out of order. However, trigger rate was
low and FastOR trigger has little problem. So Table
1 shows events of ”3 Hits” were few, compared with
”Number of Event”. The ”3 Hits” means a number of
event which has hits on each three layer.
The track was reconstructed with hit information ofeach layer by using least-square method after the position alignment in offline analysis. Total of events withhits in three layers was 7.3×103 events. A method of
the track reconstructed was described in the following.
(1) Mask noisy pixels. Noisy pixel defined that apixel had more than 15 counts in beam profile
of every chip.
(2) Select event which has hit on each three layer.
Every one event, draw lines by the least-squares
fit methods with conbination of all hits. When
χ2 is at a minimum, the hit positions becometrue positions in the event.
(3) Get alignment parameters by offline analysis.
Before beam test, three layers were aligned manually with a precision on the order of 1mm. A
much more precise alignment was performed.
(4) Iterate (1)∼(3) until alignment parameters converge.
(5) Obtain residual distribution after applying cut
of beam angle. The data within the region of σ =±2mrad( ∼ ±0.12◦ ) in beam angles distribution
were used for residual distribution (Figure 3).

Fig. 4. Residual distributions in row and column directions
on 1st layer.

These procedure was performed in every geometry.
Finally, three residual distributions were sum up ineach layer. The residual distribution in column androw direction on 1st layer are shown in Figure 4. The
standard deviations of these residual distributions were
calculated to be 6±2 µm and 58±11 µm in the row
and column directions, respectively. The position resolution of sensor modules is determined mainly by thetwo factors. One is the intrinsic position resolution
and the other is the effect of multiple scattering in theladder components. The multiple scattering angle isgiven by the below equation5) .

13.6M eV
X
X
z
)
(1)
θ0 =
1 + 0.038ln(
βcp
X0
X0
Here, p, βc, and z are the momentum, velocity, andcharge number of the incident particle, and X/X0 is
the thickness of the scattering medium in radiation
lengths.
A multiple scattering angle on 1st layer was estimated to be 1.3 µm. The intrinsic resolutions in row
and column directions were calculated to be 14±6 µm
and 152±30 µm, respectively. The intrinsic resolution
depends on pixel size(row : 50 µm and column : 425µm). We expect
the resolution of the pixel sensor module are 50/ 12 ≈ 14 µm and 425/ 12 ≈123 µmin therow and column directions, respectively.
One thousand clear tracks were measured at beam
test. The results of beam test at FNAL show good
performance of the pixel detector for PHENIX experiment.
References

Fig. 3. Projected angular distribution of beam on columnbeam (left) and row-beam plane (right). The region
surrounded with lines is accepted region.

2- 213 -

1) Y. Onuki: Internal Journal of Modern Physics E Vol.16,
Nos.7 and 8 (2007)
2) K. Fujiwara: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 169 (2007)3) M. Kurosawa: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 173 (2007)
4) R. Ichimiya: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 171 (2007)
5) Particle Data Group: Phys. Lett. B592, 245 (2004)

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Performance test of silicon stripixel detector
for PHENIX vertex tracker
M. Togawa, Y. Akiba, V. Cianciolo,∗1 A. Deshpande,∗2 A. Dion,∗3 A. Enokizono,∗1 K. Fujiwara, M. Kasai,∗4
K. Kurita,∗4 M. Kurosawa,∗4 E. Mannel,∗5 R. Nouicer,∗6 H. Pei∗3 A. Taketani and PHENIX VTX group
A silicon vertex tracker (VTX) for the PHENIX experiment1) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)
has been developed to enhance physics capabilities2) .
In this article, we report a recent performance test of a
stripixel detector for the outer two layers of the VTX.
The stripixel sensor has two-dimensional position
sensitivity only with single-sided processing. It consists of 80×1000 µm2 pixel structures with two interleaved p+ electrodes, and two-dimensional position
sensitivity can be achieved by charge sharing between
them with a projective readout by strips. One metal
strip connects the pixels in a straight line (x read out),
while a second strip connects at a 4.6 degree angle (uread out). The stripixel detector has been designed
in collaboration with the BNL Instrumental Division3)
and performance of the prototype detector was studied in static electrical tests, beam/source tests and radiation dose tests.4) The final design of stripixel was
determined based on the results. Thickness is 625 µm,
for example.
Figure 1 shows the stripixel detector mounted on a
prototype readout card (ROC). Signals from the stripixel detector are read out via SVX4 chips5) which arealso mounted on the ROC. The ROC is connected to a
prototype ROC control card (RCC) and a front-end
module (FEM) compatible with the PHENIX DAQ
system.

Fig. 1. Photograph of stripixel detector mounted on the
ROC.

We tested performance of the whole read out system
incorporating the stripixel detector with a beta source
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5
∗6

Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA
Department of Physics and Astronomy, State University of
New York-Stony Brook, USA
Iowa State University, USA
Department of Physics, Rikkyo University
Columbia University, Nevis Laboratories, USA
Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA

and 120 GeV proton beam at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL). Important performance characteristics are,• Signal to noise ratio (S/N)• Detection efficiency• Position resolution

In a typical silicon strip detector, detection efficiency
is almost 100 %, and position resolution is dominatedby the strip pitch. These two characteristics become
worse with low S/N.
Performance test with beta source
A beta source test was performed at the chemistrylaboratory at BNL. We placed a beta source as close
as possible to the stripixel detector, and data was collected by a scintillator trigger making with the detection of penetrated electron. The detector was placedin a dark box with flowing dry nitrogen and zero degree water running in cooling pipes. High voltage was
supplied at 200 V.
Figure 2 (top left) shows ADC vs. channels witha beta source. Pedestal subtraction is applied eventby-event, and the pedestal value in each channel isdetermined by the average of the previous and next
four channels. Then the corrected ADC is obtained,as shown in Fig. 2 (top right). We plan to implement
this method in the FPGA and conduct zero suppression data collection. A clustering algorithm is used asfollows to find a minimum ionization particle (MIP)
peak. 1) If the ADC value is above two sigma of thepedestal width, the channel is tagged as hit. 2) If a
hit continues to the next channel, they are combinedso that the clustered ADC is sum and the clusteredchannel is calculated by centroid method. 3) A clustered ADC is required to be above 40 to decrease a fakecluster formed by noise. After clustering, we can see aclear MIP peak as shown in Fig. 2 (bottom). The S/N
is defined as the most probable value of the MIP peak
divided by the average pedestal width. We obtained
S/N ratios of 9.3 and 9.7 for x and u, respectively.
Performance test with 120 GeV proton beam
The proton beam was supplied at the Meson Test
Beam Facility (MTBF) at FNAL as T984 experiment.
A schematic view of the experimental setup is shown in
Fig. 3. Three stripixel detectors were placed at 50 mm
intervals as a hodoscope in the dark box and supplied- 214 -

1

Pedestal with offline correction

250 U1R X1R X2R X3L U3L U2L U1L X1L X2L X3R U3R U2R

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scinti.1 (100*70*6 mm3 )120 GeV proton beam
- 1 spil 4.5 sec. in every 1 min. 2*10 ppp- Beam size : 5 - 30 mm

Fig. 3. Schematic view of the T984 setup.
0

50

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300
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Fig. 2. Results of beta source test. Top) ADC vs. channel(left) and results after correction of pedestal subtraction (right). Bottom) Clustered ADC (solid line) andaverage pedestal (dotted line) distributions for x (left)
and u (right).

with 200 V high voltage via RCC boards. The event
trigger was coincidence of three scintillators placed upstream and downstream of the box and the “BEAMON” signal coming from the accelerator. For analysis,
we used the same algorithm as the beta source test andobtained results similar to Fig. 2. S/N ratios of 10.3
and 10.1 were obtained for x and u, respectively. The
reason why S/N was higher in the beam test is that wetuned integration timing in the SVX4. We concluded
they are consistent.
Figure 4 shows an event structure for one event withlinear fit tracks. We can clearly see a penetrating eventin raw ADC level and successfully reconstruct proton
tracks with this S/N. With this tracking information,
the residual distribution, correlated to the position resolution, can be obtained as the difference between thehit position and the expected position which are decided by the track with other two detectors. The residual distribution for the middle sensor in x read out isshown in Fig. 5 (left) and obtained as 0.42×80(µm)= 33.6(µm) from the RMS value. The efficiency wasdetermined by looking at the energy deposit in the detector at the expected channel which was also decided
by other two detectors. The sum of ADC distribution
in the expected channel±2 is shown in Fig. 5 (right).
We extracted the efficiency as 99.5±0.2% with the hit
definition of ADC above 40. Consistent results wereobtained for u read out.
In summary, the stripixel detector integrating whole
read out system satisfies the required performance witha S/N of about 10. Currently we are preparing for mass
production with final feedback aiming for installationin 2010.
References
1) K. Adocox et al.: Nucl. Inst. Meth. A499, 469 (2003).
2) Y. Akiba et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42, 201,

2

FEM

RCC

ROC

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USB

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ON

-50

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scinti.3 (70*100*6 mm3 )scinti.2 (100*70*6 mm3 )102

z direction (mm)

ADC

ADC

Pedestal online

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800 1000 1200 1400
x channel

Fig. 4. Event structure for 120 GeV proton beam. Left)
ADC vs. channel for all detectors. Right) Positionin the beam direction vs. channel. Clustered channel
positions are plotted as circle points and tracks by linear
fit are shown as straight lines.
ADC distribution in expected CH ± 2 for x

Residual distribution for x

180

400

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350

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Fig. 5. Left) Residual distribution for the middle sensor.
Right) Sum of ADC distribution at the expected channels by tracking. Both are for x.
(2009); A. Taketani et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep.
42, 203, (2009).
3) Z. Li: Nucl. Inst. Meth. A518, 300 and 738 (2004).
4) J. Tojo et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 252, (2003);
RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 37, 251, (2004); IEEE Trans.
Nucl. Sci. 51, 2337 (2004); J. Asai et al.: RIKEN Accel.
Prog. Rep. 38, 235, (2005).; RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep.
39, 203, (2006).
5) http://www-cdf.lbl.gov/users/mweber/svx40

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)High Momentum Trigger Electronics Upgrade of PHENIX Muon
Arms for Sea Quark Polarization Measurement at RHIC
I. Nakagawa, T. Mibe,∗1 N. Saito,∗1 S. Adachi∗2 H. Asano∗2 S. Ebesu,∗2 K. Imai,∗2 K. Karatsu,∗2
T. Murakami,∗2 K. Nakamura,∗2 R. Nakanishi,∗2 Y. Sada,∗2 K. Shoji,∗2 K. Tanida,∗2 Y. Fukao, A. Taketani,
T. Akiyama,∗3 Y. Haki,∗3 M. Hata,∗3 Y. Ikeda,∗3 K. Kurita,∗3 J. Murata,∗3 K. Ninomiya,∗3 M. Nitta,∗3 andE. Seitaibashi,∗3[nucleon spin, W-boson, polarized parton distribution, Electronics, trigger]
Parity-violating production of the W boson withlongitudinally polarized protons at RHIC provides a
direct measure of the individual polarizations of thequarks and anti-quarks in the colliding protons. The
high energy scale set by the W-mass makes it possible
to extract quark and anti-quark polarizations from inclusive lepton spin asymmetries in W-production withminimal theoretical uncertainties. Sub-leading twistand higher-order terms in the perturbative QCD expansion are strongly suppressed, and a direct extraction without additional assumptions becomes possible.
This program thus will break new ground in our detailed understanding of the proton’s structure. The
program is initiated by the first operation of RHIC polarized
proton beams at its highest operational energy√s = 500 GeV starting from 2009.
A new trigger on forward muons in PHENIX identifies and triggers on high momentum muons from W
decay suppressing a large number of background low
momentum muons coming from hadronic decays. Since
the current muon trigger will fire on any muon above 2
GeV/c, it will not provide the required rejection factor
for 500 GeV running, which is about 10,000. Two major upgrade projects are parts of this Muon Trigger; 1)
Resistive Plate Chambers1) , 2) the muon tracker frontend-electronics (MuTr-FEE) upgrades2) . This reportsummarizes the introduction the latter and the installation to PHENIX during 2008 shutdown period.
The MuTr-FEE upgrade features additional fast
readouts to the existing MuTr-FEE, which provides
momentum sensitivity to the existing muon trigger
beyond 2 GeV/c. There are three tracking stationsof cathode strip (5mm pitch) chambers in the muontracker for measuring the trajectory of particles in amagnetic field (with an integrated B − dl of approximately 0.75 Tesla-meters). A new amplifier discriminator (MuTRG-ADTX) board3) divides the signal into
two paths; existing read out path and the digitization
path for the fast trigger.
Figure 1 visualizes the principle of the momentum
sensitive trigger. The hit signals from three tracking
chambers (named station-1, 2, and 3, respectively from
∗1
∗2
∗3

KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-08011, Japan
Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Kyoto, 6068502, Japan
Rikkyo University, Rikkyo, 3-34-1, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Tokyo,
171-8501, Japanthe collision point) are immediately digitized and processed by MuTRG-ADTX and are sent to new merger
boards (MuTRG-MRG)4) . The MuTRG-MRG board
collects hit signals from multiple MuTRG-ADTXs andformats the data to meet the input format of the Local Level-1 (LL1) trigger module. The LL1 module
receives data from MuTRG-MRG and then select theevents which have ±1 strip sagitta at station-2 fromthe linear interpolation between station-1 and station3 hits, providing the trigger of only high transverse
momentum track PT > 10 GeV/c.

Fig. 1. The concept of momentum sensitive trigger using
muon tracker cathode strip readouts.

The R&D, production of these new boards were
nearly completed by the end of 2008. 192 MuTRGADTX boards were installed to the one of two muonarms in PHENIX and their commissioning starts assoon as Run09 beams are delivered. The installation
to the remaining another half of the muon arm acceptance is scheduled during 2009 shutdown period.
References
1) Conceptual Design Report for a Fast Muon Trigger(2007).
2) Technical Design Report on Amplifier-Discriminatorboard and Data Transfer board for the MuTr FEE upgrade (2008).
3) Y. Fukao, et. al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
4) T. Mibe, et. al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).

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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development of the MuTRG-ADTX boards for the PHENIX muon
trigger upgrade
Y. Fukao for the PHENIX MuTr FEE Upgrade GroupThe contribution of sea quarks to proton spin is
one of the mysteries in the study of the proton spin
structure. The PHENIX experiment aims to directlyprobe the sea quark contribution through measurement of single helicity asymmetry in W boson production. W bosons are measured by detecting highmomentum muons from their decay, using the muonarms in the PHENIX detector.1) One of the greatestdifficulties in measuring a W boson is that the trigger rate would be too high at the designed luminosity
to record all events with W candidates. To collect W
production events effectively, we are developing a new
trigger system, which selects high-momentum muontracks by performing rough momentum measurement
online. An overview of the trigger system is provided
elsewhere.2)
This report describes the development of an amplifier - discriminator - transmitter board (MuTRGADTX) for the existing muon tracking chamber(MuTr). Figure 1 is a picture of the MuTRG-ADTX
board. MuTRG-ADTX is installed on MuTr and utilizes ∼5 % of the charge induced in MuTr. The remaining 95 % is used by the existing MuTr frontend electronics (MuTr-FEE) for precise offline position
measurement. The input charge in MuTRG-ADTX is
amplified and discriminated to provide a fast signal
for the trigger. The digitized signals from 64 channels are serialized in an FPGA and sent to the downstream data merger board (MuTRG-MRG). Meanwhile, MuTRG-ADTX receives control signals and thebeam clock from MuTRG-MRG. Optical fibers areused for the communication between them. Development of MuTRG-MRG is reported elsewhere.3)
In summer 2007, we installed prototype boards of
MuTRG-ADTX to the actual MuTr in the PHENIX
detector. They were tested with cosmic rays and sufficient performance was obtained.4) The prototype wascomposed of two separate boards – an analog signal
part (amplifier + discriminator, AD part) and digital signal part (transmitter, TX part) – due to fears
of possible noise from the TX part to the AD part.
Based on the knowledge of grounding in the cosmic
ray test, the AD and TX parts were combined into one
board, MuTRG-ADTX. This modification also provides results in advantages in terms of costs, simplicity
and easier installation. The combined MuTRG-ADTX
board was again tested at PHENIX during RHIC 2008
run (Run08) and we confirmed that performance of
MuTRG-ADTX was consistent with the prototype.
After a few minor modifications based on results ofthe test experiment, we started mass production ofFig. 1. MuTRG-ADTX.

MuTRG-ADTX. A total of 220 boards were produced
in 2008. The boards were carefully examined before
installation to the MuTr because access to MuTRGADTX is extremely difficult after installation. Checkitems for MuTRG-ADTX were : (1) signal reconstruction and efficiency, (2) fake hit rate to evaluatenoise level, (3) cross talk between channels, (4) various slow controls including operation mode selection
and threshold setting for the discriminator, (5) turn on
curve of the trigger efficiency for each channel, (6) remote update of FPGA. In addition, noise increase andgain reduction on MuTr-FEE were checked for each
MuTRG-ADTX board at the test bench. Finally, allproduced boards passed the examination.
By the end of 2008, MuTRG-ADTX boards were installed for the north muon arm as scheduled, together
with necessary infrastructure such as the low voltage
power supply, cooling water system and optical signallines between the beam interaction region and counting
room. Tests of signal readout and slow controls werecarried out for all installed MuTRG-ADTX boards,
and we confirmed that the boards were fully operational. The impact of MuTRG-ADTX installation on
MuTr-FEE, noise and gain, was measured and the effects were reasonable.
We plan to collect data on the new W trigger andevaluate its√ performance during the polarized proton
run with s = 500 GeV in 2009 (Run09). Installation
into the south muon arm is scheduled for summer 2009.
References
1) PHENIX collaboration: Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A499,
537, (2003).
2) I. Nakagawa et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
3) I. Mibe et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
4) Y. Fukao et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41 (2008).

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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Development and evaluation of the MuTRG-MRG and DCMIF
boards for the PHENIX muon trigger upgradeT. Mibe∗1 , K.R. Nakamura∗2 , K. Karatsu∗2 , I. Nakagawa, Y. Fukao, H. Okada∗1 , N. Saito∗1 , A. Taketani, for
the PHENIX MuTr FEE upgrade group1)
The parity violating single-spin asymmetry AL ofmuons from the W decay in the 500 GeV polarized proton-proton collisions will be measured at thePHENIX in the future running. The PHENIX Muon
Tracker Front End Electronics (MuTr FEE) needs tobe upgraded to introduce momentum-sensitivity to themuon trigger by the fast measurement of the saggita(a displacement of track position due to the magnetic
field in three MuTr stations)1) .
In this report, development and evaluation of two
key components of the trigger system, i.e. data merger
board (MuTRG-MRG) and interface board to datacollection-module (MuTRG-DCMIF), are described.
The primary function of the MuTRG-MRG board
is to receive data from the Amplifier-DiscriminatorTransmission board (MuTRG-ADTX)2) boards andsend reformatted data to the Local Level-1 Trigger
board (LL1). The MuTRG-DCMIF board samples
the merged data recorded in the MuTRG-MRG board,and send it to the Data Collection Module (DCM), a
read-out port of the PHENIX data acquisition system,
for the monitoring and diagnosis of the system. The
requirements and specifications of the MuTRG-MRG
and DCMIF boards are described elsewhere3) .
Prototype boards of the MuTRG-MRG and DCMIF
boards were developed. They have optical transceivers
with 16-bit serial links, 24-bit LVDS serial links, andVME J1 interfaces. The Xilinx Spartan3 FPGA is used
to process the incoming data. The board power (3.3 V)
is supplied through the VME64X backplane. Size ofthese boards is 9 U in height and 160 mm in depthwith 10 layers (Fig. 1). These boards are installedin custom-made VME sub-racks in the PHENIX rackroom. Each VME sub-rack accommodates sixteen
MuTRG-MRG boards and two DCMIF boards. A fullsize rack and its service for the VME sub-racks and optical patch panels have been installed in the PHENIX
rack room.
Data communications as well as propagations of control signals have been individually tested at PHENIX
under conditions as realistic as reasonably achievable
during the RHIC machine shutdown in 2008. One ofmajor test milestones was a successful data transmission from the MuTr cathode strip to the DCM with afull chain of the MuTRG electronics (MuTRG-ADTX,
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-08011, Japan
Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Kyoto, 6068502, Japan
Rikkyo University, Rikkyo, 3-34-1, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Tokyo,
171-8501, Japan
Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea

Fig. 1. (a) MuTRG-MRG board, (b) MuTRG-DCMIF
board.

MRG, DCMIF) and the PHENIX standalone data acquisition system, including event building with existing
MuTr subsystem.
The consistency of schedule and technical details
for integration has been discussed by the internal
PHENIX review committee. Upon positive feedbacks
from the review, the boards production was started.
In total 70 MuTRG-MRG boards and 12 MuTRGDCMIF boards were produced. These board will be installed to PHENIX after quality assurance check-ups.
In summary, the prototypes of MuTRG-MRG and
DCMIF boards have been developed. All individualfunctions of these boards were evaluated at PHENIX.
With these boards, the MuTRG electronics were integrated to the PHENIX data acquisition system. Details of these achievements are described in the master’s thesis4) .
References
1) I. Nakagawa et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
2) Y. Fukao et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).
3) K.R Nakamura et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41(2008).
4) K.R Nakamura : Master’s thesis, Kyoto University(2009).

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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

A fast, momentum sensitive muon Trigger for PHENIX using
resistive plate counters†
M. Grosse-Perdekamp,∗1 R. Seidl,∗2 for the PHENIX Muon Trigger upgrade project[Spin Physics,PHENIX,Trigger]
The parity violation of the weak interaction can beused to directly access the quark and sea quark helicities of the nucleon1) . Colliding longitudinallypo√larized protons at RHIC energies of s = 500 GeV
one can produce real W bosons which will be detected
through their charged decay lepton. The high massof the W-boson makes it possible to isolate these decay leptons at high transverse momenta in the central
and muon arms of the PHENIX detector. The existing muon trigger selects particles which pass throughthe muon arms including several layers of absorbing
material. Presently, the muon yield is dominated bylow momentum muons from hadron decays. At the
expected luminosities for 500 GeV collisions at RHIC,
the decay muon rate will far exceed the available bandwidth for data acquisition in Phenix. Figure 1 showsthat a momentum sensitive ﬁrst level trigger would
be well suited to reject low momentum muons. For
this purpose two detector upgrades are underway tocreate a momentum sensitive ﬁrst level trigger which
selects only high momentum muons. The ﬁrst projectis an upgrade of the front end electronics of the existing muon tracking stations to promptly feed muontracking information to the trigger processor2). The
second detector upgrade adds two layers of resistive∗1∗2

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,USA
RIKEN BNL Research Center, USA

Fig. 1. Muon yields for diﬀerent processes as a function of
the transverse momentum of the muon.

plate counters (RPC) before and after the muon tracking system. The RPCs will be the only detectors with
fast time response in the PHENIX muon spectrometers. The RPC can tag straight high momentum muontracks in the ﬁrst level trigger. The RPC timing will be
critical in rejecting beam related backgrounds (prompt
and thermal neutrons) in the trigger and backgrounds
from cosmic ray muons in the oﬄine analysis. Finallythe timing information from the RPCs will be necessary to correlate W-candidates with the correct beampolarization information. The PHENIX muon trigger
RPCs consist of double gas gaps sandwiching a signal
plane with pick-up electrodes. The gas gaps are formed
with bakelite plates, 2mm apart and externally coatedwith a thin layer of graphite for charge distribution.
In order to keep the two plates at a constant distance(and thus at a constant electric ﬁeld) polycarbonate
spacers are located through the gap (see Fig. 2). The
gas applied consists of 95% Freon, 4.5 % Isobutane and0.5% SF6 . The applied voltage is between 8.5 and 9.5
kV. The readout plane between the two gas gaps consists of large area printed circuit boards with copper
strips. If a charged particle is traversing the gas volume an avalanche is created by the ionization. The
ampliﬁcation of the charge in the high electric ﬁeld induces a detectable mirror charge on the pads outside
the gas and electric ﬁeld volume. The signal charge
has a large dynamic range from 20 fC to 20 pC. The
signal is being discriminated in front end electronics
custom developed in CMS and are sent to TDCs.

Fig. 2. Schematic view of a RPC gap showing two sheetsof bakelite, the polycarbonate spacers, the are covered
with graphite and the edge of such a gas gap.

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1

Detector design

In order to obtain the maximum possible active area
and to have a better matching with the existing muontracking system the modules will be staggered in z inorder to overlap ineﬃcient areas in one detector module with an active area in the adjacent module. Twosets of detectors are being built. The ﬁrst detector(RPC1) will be located downstream of the central magnet yoke just in front of Muon Tracker station 1. In order to maximize the acceptance in this detector octants
will be staggered in azimuth around the beam axis toobtain full azimuthal coverage. The polar angle coverage is constraint by the PHENIX central magnet yoke
and the in-sensitive boundaries of the RPC gas gaps.
The resulting acceptance is only slightly less than theacceptance of the existing muon tracking system. The
segmentation of the RPCs is between 200 and 480 pseudoradial strips over the full azimuthal angle and 4 segments in the polar angle. Upstream of RPC1 an additional 10-16cm thick lead absorber is planned whichfurther increases the trigger rejection and reduces ofﬂine backgrounds to the W measurements (see3) ). The
second detector (RPC3) will be located behind the last
muon ID steel absorbers at the intersection of the Experimental area and the RHIC accelerator tunnel.For
the RPC3 detector station the inactive regions in theazimuthal direction coincide well with the size of theexisting inactive regions in the PHENIX muon systems. For this reason the detector design focused on
obtaining the optimum coverage along the polar angle
direction. The RPC 3 detector stations will be formed
from 16 half octants where each half octant will contain
three detector modules. This conﬁguration was driven
given the maximum dimensions of gas gaps available
from the gap production facility at Korea University.
A sideview of the RPC detector locations can be seenin Fig. 3
2

Detector production

The production of the RPC detectors is organized around international cooperation within several

PHENIX institutions and utilizing existing RPC technology from the CMS forward muon trigger detectors.
Bakelite plates have been obtained from the CMS vendor in Italy. The plates were cut and cleaned in Italy
and then shipped to Korea. From the raw bakelite
plates the graphite coated gas gaps are being manufactured at Korea University. The module frames
and the the readout strips are produced in China under the supervision of the CIAE group in PHENIX.
Both, module frames and gaps are shipped to BNL
where they are tested and assembled into modules.
The support structure will be build by an US manufacturer, test-assembled at UIUC before insertion of
the modules at BNL and subsequent installation in
the experiment. At all steps in the production chain
the quality of the produced gaps will be closely monitored through leakage current measurements, eﬃciency
measurements and environmental controls. The readout electronics has been developed at Nevis and ispresently being produced. Fast custom trigger processors are being developed at Iowa State University.
3

Integration and Schedule

Two RPC prototypes that are close in dimension
and design to the ﬁnal RPC3 half octants have been
installed in PHENIX and will be tested during run
9. The mass production of the ﬁnal detector has been
started in December 2008. As the RPC 3 detectors are
sitting behind the muon identiﬁer they have to be installed from the RHIC tunnel which requires technicalsupport from the Collider Accelerator department of
BNL. All services for RPC3 will be provided from theaccelerator tunnel. The installation of the ﬁrst RPC3
detector stations is planned for the summer of 2009.
The station will be added to the PHENIX muon spectrometer north which already has been outﬁtted withnew trigger electronics for the muon tracking chambers. The installation of the south side of RPC 3
will follow in 2010. The two smaller detector stations,
RPC1, also will be installed in the summer of 2010.
Subsequently, the full high momentum muon trigger
will be available in PHENIX for run 11 when the ﬁrst
high luminosity polarized proton run at a center ofmass energy of 500 GeV is anticipated.
References
1) G. Bunce et al: Plans for the RHIC Spin Physics Program, http://spin.riken.bnl.gov/rsc/report/spinplan 2008/spinplan08.pdf2) I. Nakagawa et al: High Momentum Trigger Electronics
Upgrade of PHENIX Muon Arms for Sea Quark Polarization Measurement at RHIC, in this volume.
3) R. Seidl et al.: W-physics with Inclusive Muons in
PHENIX: Detailed Feasibility Studies, in this volume.

Fig. 3. Sideview of the PHENIX detector including theschematic locations of RPC stations 1 and 3.

2- 220 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

DAQ system Upgrade for optical alignment system of PHENIX Muon Tracker
H. Kono*1, K. Tsukada*1, A. Taketani, J. Murata*1, T. Akiyama*1, Y. Fukao, M. Hata*1, Y. Ikeda*1,
K. Karatsu*2, T. Mibe*3, I. Nakagawa, K. Nakamura*2, K. Ninomiya*1, M. Nitta*1and N. Saito*3
One of the major goals of the physics in the spin program at
the RHIC-PHENIX experiment is to investigate the spin polarization of valence and sea quark ('u, 'd) 1) in a proton
separately by measuring W boson production asymmetry in thepolarized proton-proton collision at the center of mass energy
500GeV.

The W boson is produced by collision of u and anti-d or d
and anti-u and can be used for flavor decomposition of protons. The single spin asymmetry of the W production isshown as follows.
ALpp oW X
ALppoW X'u ( x1 )d ( x 2 )  ' d ( x1 )u ( x 2 )(1)u ( x1 ) d ( x 2 )  d ( x1 )u ( x 2 )'d ( x1 )u ( x2 )  'u ( x1 )d ( x2 )d ( x1 )u ( x2 )  u ( x1 )d ( x2 )are mounted inside conical-shaped muon magnets. Thesestations are called “station-1”, “station-2” and “station-3”
starting from the near side of the collision point. Each station is symmetrically segmented into octants in azimuthal
orientation. Each station is made of 2 or 3 gaps. An anodewire plane sandwiched by cathode signal planes forms asignal gap. The MuTr cambers are designed to provide a
position resolution of 100–300Pm, however this designed
resolution has not been achieved with real data. The reason
will be discussed in this report. An illustration of the MuTr
is shown in Fig.1.

(2)

In the case of x2<<x1, the equations of (1) and (2) can get
into 'u/u and _ 'd/d.
In _thecase of x2>>x1, those equations__
can get into 'd/d and 'u/u.
ALV  V V V

(3)

In the equation (3), V- is a cross-section in the collision
between un-polarized and polarized protons with plus helicity. V+ is that with minus helicity. Since both beams arepolarized at the RHIC, one of two beams will be treated as
un-polarized by taking the sum of positive and negative
helicities. In this way, AL can be evaluated for each beamsimultaneously from a given collision. According to deep
Inelastic Scattering experiment, the un-polarized
distribu__
tion function of each quarks, u(x), d(x), d(x) and u(x) uis
reasonably well measured. Thus precision
measurementof__polarized distributions e.g. 'u, 'd, 'u and 'd are desired.
They can be achieved via the W boson asymmetry measurement at RHIC. The W boson measurement is actually
carried out by detecting muons’ decay whose branchingratio is 10%. The muons from W decay have typically highmomentum (transverse momentum Pt of 20GeV/c) due toheavy mass of W is 80GeV/c2 and will be distinguishedfrom dominant low momentum backgrounds.
A muon arm of the PHENIX consists of the Muon Identifier (MuID) and the Muon Tracker (MuTr). The MuID isdesigned to identify muons from hadron backgrounds using
muons’ penetration power through thick absorbers. The
MuTr is for measuring momentums.

Fig.1: The illustration of the MuTr

䠆1

Rikkyo University

䠆2

Kyoto University

A muon which enters into the MuTr is kicked toward theazimuthal direction by the radial direction magnetic field.
We measure the momentum of a muon by using sagitta
which is the deviation of a hit in station 2 from the straightline between hits in the station 1 and 3. The momentum of
the muon is inversely proportional to the sagitta.
The muon from the W boson has higher momentum andits sagitta at the MuTr is quite small. The spectrum of single
muon background drops sharply with its momentum, therefore the momentum resolution will affect the signal-to-noise
ratio for the W asymmetry measurement.
However, each station moves 100-300Pm because of thetemperature excursion and the magnetic field. As a result,these displacements become one of the causes of the observed resolution which is 50-200% worse than the designed one.
The Optical Alignment System (OASys) 2) measures therelative position movements among stations. There is a lightsource at the station-1, a lens at the station-2, and a CCD
camera at the station-3. An image on the CCD camera reflects the relative movement among stations. Each octant,High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, KEK

which covers 1/8 of each arm, has 7 sets of these as in Fig.2.

䠆3

Three stations of cathode-strip readout tracking chambers- 221 -

Fig.2: The image of Optical Alignment System (OASys)
OASys can track the relative movement among stations
with accuracy of 25Pm3). They can correct these positions
and improve momentum resolution as a result
The Data Acquisition (DAQ) system of OASys consistsof 112 CCD cameras, 2 multiplexers, 2 GPIB-Ethernet interfaces, 2 optical fibers, 2 pairs of fiber transmitter andreceiver, an image capture board and a DAQ PC. The DAQ
PC sends GPIB commands to the multiplexer via the
Ethernet and the multiplexer selects the camera to capture
the image. The video capture board obtains the spot image
data from the selected camera, via an optical fiber to cut
ground loop. The CCD camera transmits 768498 pixel.
The video capture board, however, can receive 640480
pixel images. One longitudinal pixel corresponds to 11Pm
and one lateral pixel corresponds to 13Pm. The diagram of
the new DAQ system which was developed in 2008 is shown

makes remote maintenance so simple.
In addition to the system change, a configuration file has
been introduced for the system control. Some captured images on CCD cameras are obscure due to misalignment of
the lens. However, the center positions of such images canbe sharpened by integrated images. Due to the weak contrast images, captured images from the same camera areintegrated in a digital fashion. The numbers to be integrated
in digital images can easily be customized via the newly
introduced configuration file.
The new DAQ system was commissioned during the
OASys maintenance through the summer shut down period
after Run08. In this maintenance period, major repair work
was carried out for first time after several years since installation. One broken light source has been fixed, andmany camera positions have been re-aligned. As a result,the number of available cameras increased from 30 to 98
out of a total 112.
A typical acquired image from the new system is shownin Fig.4. The spot of the image can authentically be recognized.

Fig. 4: An image on a CCD camera with the new DAQ system

in Fig. 3.

The projection and fitted images should be prepared as thenext step to extract the center position of spot image. An
example which uses the image of Fig.4 is shown in Fig.5.
The new DAQ system of OASys has been running stably
from January 2009. It is expected to improve momentum
resolution of the MuTr in coming 500GeV polarized proton
run from March 2009.

Fig. 3: Diagram of new DAQ system.
The previous DAQ system4) used two DAQ PCs which
ran under Microsoft Windows operating system, National
Instruments Labview and one analysis/storage Linux PC.
The digitized images were previously transferred to theanalysis PC via the network. However, this network service
was terminated after a change in the network security policy
in BNL.

The new DAQ system uses only one PC to collect data
and to store the captured images. We employed the combination of a Linux operating system and a gcc compiler
which is known to be very stable. As a consequence the new
DAQ has been performing much more stably than the old
one and is free of the data transfer problem. In addition, it

Fig.5. The projection and fitted image on X axis.
References
1) G. Bunce et al., Ann. ReV. Nucl. Part. Sci. 50, 525 (2000)
2) J. Murata et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Method Phys. Res. A500,
309(2003)
3) T. Watanabe: Master Thesis, TiTech (2004)

4) H. Kanoh: Master Thesis, TiTech(2005)- 222 -137S
RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

CCJ Operation in 2007-2008
S. Yokkaichi, H. En’yo, Y. Goto, H. Hamagaki,∗1 T. Ichihara, T. Nakamura, Y. Watanabe
1Overview

The operation of CCJ1,2) , RIKEN Computing Center in Japan for the RHIC3) physics, started in June
2000 as the largest oﬀ-site computing center for the
PHENIX4) experiment at RHIC. CCJ was initiallyplanned to perform three roles in PHENIX computing,1) as the simulation center, 2) as the Asian regional
center and 3) as the center of spin physics. Recently,
DST (Data Summary Tape) production from raw data
has become more important, especially for the p+p
data. Out of the many oﬀ-site computing facilities of
PHENIX, only CCJ can handle the several hundreds
of TB of raw data in use of HPSS (High Performance
Storage System)5) for the time being.
A joint operation with RSCC (RIKEN Super Combined Cluster System)6) was started in March 2004.
Most of our computing power is now provided by
RSCC. On the other hand, the disk storage and service nodes are still located at the CCJ machine room
in RIKEN Main Building and maintained by ourselves.
Renewal of RSCC is on going and new CPUs will beavailable in August 2009.
Many analysis and simulation projects are being carried out at CCJ. They are shown on the web page:
http://ccjsun.riken.go.jp/ccj/proposals/.
2

Current conﬁguration

2.1 PC nodes
In June 2008, 112 PC nodes, which were purchased
in 1999–2001, were retired and discarded. After that,
we have approximately 80 PC nodes operated using
Linux in the CCJ machine room. In these nodes,
54 nodes are used for calculation and the others areused for various services, e.g., data transfer, monitoring of nodes and network performances, databaseservers, log-in servers, WWW and mail server, and soon. Each calculation node has 1 GB of memory, 2 GBof swap area, 10–31 GB of local disks and dual CPUs
(Pentium III 1.4 GHz and Pentium 4 2.0 GHz). Scientiﬁc Linux (SL) 4.4 is operated on the calculation
nodes similarly to at RCF (RHIC Computing Facility)7) , which is the main analysis facility for PHENIX.
At CCJ, upgrade from SL 3.0.5 was performed in April
2008.
Out of the calculation nodes, 36 nodes were augmented with 300 GB of local disk in March 2006, on
which 10 TB of nDST (nano-DST) data are located inorder to avoid the overhead of the data transfer fromthe data servers or HPSS. This ”Data in local disk”∗1

scheme is used by users with applause. These nodes
were so old – purchased in March 2002 – that 14 timesof system-disk crash occurred in 2008. The secondhand SCSI disks recycled from the retired servers and
RAIDs were used for repairing.
Each RSCC calculation node has 2 GB of memory,
100 GB of local disk space and two Xeon 3.06 GHz processors. Out of the 1024 calculation nodes in RSCC,
128 nodes were dedicated to CCJ usage. In August
2008, the dedicated node was reduced to 64 because
the congestion of the entire CPUs in RSCC. The dedicated nodes share the PHENIX software environmentand can access the CCJ data servers as well as thenodes in the CCJ machine room. In order to run
the PHENIX software, the operating system should besame as PHENIX, namely, SL 4.4 at present. This is
why we need the ’dedicated nodes’, in other words, wecannot share the CPU with the another RSCC users.
On the calculation nodes, the batch queuing system
LSF8) is operated. Version 7.0 is used in CCJ, and 6.2
is used in the CCJ-dedicated nodes in RSCC.
Six temperature monitors were deployed in September 2008 and monitored by WEB using Cacti9) graphical tool, which was newly installed in 2008 and is also
used to visualize the LSF performance and so on.
In February 2009, following success of the ”Data on
local disk” scheme, 18 nodes of new PC servers (HP
ProLiant DL180 G5) were delivered. Each node has
dual CPU (Quad–Core Xeon 2.66 GHz), two 146 GB
SAS disks for the system, eight 1 TB SATA disks forthe data storage, and 16 GB of memory. I/O boundjobs like the nDST analysis will be performed in theservers.
2.2 Data servers
We had a main server (SUN Fire V880) using Solaris
8 for the NIS/DNS/NTP servers and the NFS server
for the users’ home region on the 8 TB RAID. Thismachine was replaced by a new server machine, SUN
Enterprise M4000 using Solaris 10 with the 10.5 TB of
FC-RAID. The DNS, NIS, and NTP/NFS servers were
replaced by the new machine in June 2008, October
2008, and January 2009, respectively. The home region
is formatted by VxFS10) and served by NFS v3. The
old server and RAID were discarded in Feb. 2009.
We have ﬁve data servers (SUN Fire V40z), which
are operated by SL4. They serve ﬁve SATA-RAID
systems (45 TB) and three FC-RAID systems (26 TB)
which are formatted using XFS11) . In order to keep thetotal I/O throughput, rcp command is used to read thedata on these servers instead of NFS.2)
In 2008, frequency of the hang-up of V40z servers

CNS, University of Tokyo- 223 -1

137S
was very low unlike the previous year.
2.3 HPSSHPSS version 6.2 is used as a mass-storage system
at CCJ and RSCC. As the ﬁrst step of the renewal
of RSCC, tape robots and HPSS servers were renewedin November 2008. A new robot and servers are located on CCJ machine room, instead of the RIKENIT Building where the old system was located. Three
UPSs (10.5 KVA each), additional power line and additional air-conditioning system for the robot and servers
were newly equipped.
For the new HPSS core server and disk/tape movers,
seven IBM p570 servers are operated using AIX 5.3.
Twelve (six for CCJ) LTO-4 drives (120 MB/s I/Owith 800 GB/cartridge), which are connected six(three for CCJ) tape movers, and 5000 LTO tapes(3000 for CCJ) are installed in the tape robot IBM
TS3500, which can handle up to 10275 LTO tapes incurrent conﬁguration. Since the old tapes cannot be
used in the new tape drives, copying the data to the
new tapes in the new robot was started in December
2008. Copying approximately 1.34 PB (2.02 M ﬁles)of CCJ data stored as of 1 January 2009 will be completed until the end of April 2009.
3

PHENIX software environment

Two AFS12) clients are operated using OpenAFS
on Linux to share the software environment of the
PHENIX experiment as analysis and simulation libraries, conﬁguration ﬁles and so on. The total data
size copied by AFS daily or weekly from BNL is approximately 330 GB as of January 2008. All the calculation nodes are served the software by NFS, not by
AFS. Using a rsync server, the PHENIX software environment are also shared by PHENIX collaborators
in Japan.
Three PostgreSQL servers are operated for the calibration database of PHENIX. The data size is approximately 60 GB as of January 2008. The data is copied
daily from BNL.
4

WAN, data transfer and DST production

The SINET3 (maintained by NII13) ) connects
RIKEN Wako Campus to the Internet with 10 Gbps
of bandwidth. Originally, two aggregated 1000BASE
lines connected CCJ main switch (Catalyst 4506) and
RIKEN Firewall with only 1.5 Gbps of bandwidth. For
the data transfer between BNL, dedicated 10GBASE
switch (Foundry FESX424) was deployed in CCJ andconnected to RIKEN Main switch by a 10GBASE line
in November 2007. Also for the transfer, dedicatedfour PC servers (HP ProLiant DL145 G3) which areoperated by SL5 with a Grid environment (VDT14)
1.8.1) were deployed. Each server has two 1000BASE

2- 224 -

network I/F, one is connected to the Foundry, and theother is connected to the Catalyst. The data from the
BNL are transferred through the former line, and are
written to the CCJ-HPSS through the latter line. Using the setup, a 360 MB/sec transfer rate from BNL
to CCJ was achieved in the test.
In the PHENIX Run-8 (November 2007–March
2008), approximately 100 TB of p+p data were transferred using the data-transfer machines in February–
March 2008. The data were sent from the PHENIX
counting house in the ’semi-online’ manner, namely,
before they stored in RCF-HPSS, to avoid an overhead
to read from the tape. As a sustained rate for a day,approximately 100 MB/s (8 TB/day) was achieved using gridFtp15) . Another 10–20 TB were also sent after
the Run period. Thus the amount of Run-8 raw datastored in CCJ-HPSS is 117 TB in total. DST production was conducted mainly in August–October 2008
with the reduced 64 nodes in RSCC and 21 TB of analyzed data (nDST) were produced out of 117 TB of
raw data, and sent to RCF.
5

OutlookIn 2009, one of the main task of CCJ is the datatransfer of PHENIX run9 p+p raw data, which are expected to be 200-500 TB in the Run started January
2009. The DST production using the raw data is another task. To process such large amount of data, joint
operation with the renewed RSCC after August 2009is important.
Main network switch will be replaced in July 2009by Catalyst 4900M, which have eight 10GBASE ports.
Using this switch, a 10GBASE connection between
CCJ and HPSS/renewed RSCC will be established.
The condor batch queuing system16) , which is already used in RCF, should be tested in the new PC
servers. When it works well, LSF will be replaced.
References
1) http://ccjsun.riken.go.jp/ccj/
2) S. Kametani et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 197(2007). S. Yokkaichi et al., RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep.
41, 159 (2008).
3) http://www.bnl.gov/rhic4) http://www.phenix.bnl.gov5) http://www.hpss-collaboration.org/
6) http://rscc.riken.jp
7) http://www.rhic.bnl.gov/RCF/8) http://www.platform.com/products/LSF/9) http://www.cacti.net/
10) Veritas ﬁle system, provided by Symantec corporation.
11) http://www.xfs.org/
12) http://www.openafs.org/
13) http://www.nii.ac.jp/
14) http://vdt.cs.wisc.edu/index.html
15) http://www.globus.org/grid software/data/gridftp.php16) http://www.cs.wisc.edu/condor/description.html

III. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES II(Material Science and Biology)

1.

Atomic and Solid State Physics(ions)㩷(㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 2009)
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  
  













        
     
       

                
          
        
                  
         

















 




䋪 
䋪 
䋪 



 

















 






















    



       

        

     
                   
         
                            









               
                                    
         

                
         






- 225 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009).

Structure of ePTFE irradiated with a 5 MeV/nucleon 14N beam
Y. Suzuki, T. Kobayashi, K. Takahashi, T. Kambara, F. Saito,＊1 T. Hyodo,＊1 Y. Nagashima,＊2 K. Okamura,＊3

1μm

1μm

Fig. 1. SEM images of non-irradiated ePTFE (left) andion-irradiated ePTFE membrane with a fluence of 3×1013
ions/cm2 (right).
University of Tokyo
Tokyo University of Science＊3
Riken Keiki Co.Ltd.
＊4
Osaka Prefecture University＊5
Meiji University＊1＊2

Intensity(arb.units)
Intensity (arb.units)

Amperometric gas sensors have been widely used inindustrial applications and environmental monitoring fordetecting hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, andother gases.1,2) However, superior sensitivity and selectivityof the sensor is a constant requirement. In this study, we
tried to use ion beam irradiation of expanded
polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes to improve gas
permeability characteristics of the sensor electrode. We
expect ion beam irradiation of the membrane to influence
the permeability of gases, wettability of themembrane/electrolyte interface, and electrochemical
reaction properties of gases at the gas/electrode/membraneinterface.3,4) At first, surface analyses were performed toinvestigate mechanisms underlying the effects of ion beamirradiation on modification of ePTFE. The ePTFE
membranes (Sumitomo Denkou, Japan) used had 0.3 µm
pore size, 34% porosity, and 0.2 mm thickness. The
membranes were 30 mm square and were irradiated with 5
MeV/nucleon N7+ ions from the AVF cyclotron withfluences from 1 × 1012 to 3 × 1013 ions/cm2 at room
temperature.
Ion beam irradiated and non-irradiated ePTFE were
coated with gold in a plasma coater (SG-701, Sanyu Denshi,
Japan). Microphotographs of field emission scanningelectron microscopy (SEM) were obtained at a 5 kV
acceleration voltage (JED6330F, JEOL, Japan). Figure 1
shows the SEM images of the non-irradiated ePTFE and theion-irradiated ePTFE membrane with a fluence of 3×1013
ions/cm2. The non-irradiated ePTFE has a micro porous
structure consisting of nodes and fibrils of PTFE. The poresize of the ion-irradiated surface increased and the shape ofthe surface was more complicated compared to the
non-irradiated ePTFE membrane.

Absorbance (arb.units)

S. Uchikoshi,＊3 N. Nakano,＊3 A. Iwase,＊4 D. Mano,＊5 and Y. Shiga＊5

d)
c)
b)
a)

4000 3000 2000

1000

Wavenumbers (cm-1)

d)
c)
b)
a)

500
500

1500
1500

2500
2500

3500
3500

Wavenumbers (cm(cm) -1)
Wavenumbers-1

Fig. 2. IR (left) and Raman spectra (right) of non-irradiated(a) and ion beam irradiated ePTFE with fluences of 1×1012(b), 1×1013 (c), and 3×1013 ions/cm2 (d).
The structures of ion beam irradiated layers were
investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(Nexus 470, Thermo Nicolet, USA) combined withattenuated total reflectance (FT-IR-ATR). In this analysis,
the incident angle of light emitted from KBR on thespecimens was 45o. The spectral range 400-4000 cm-1 wasanalyzed and investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy(LABRAM, Jobin Yvon) with a 632.817 nm He-Ne laser.
Figure 2 shows the IR spectra and Raman spectra ofnon-irradiated and N-ion beam irradiated ePTFE withfluences of 1×1012, 1×1013, and 3×1013 ions/cm2.
In the IR spectra, characteristic peaks are observed at1150 cm-1 and 1205 cm-1 which are assigned as C-F bond.
The absorbance peak of C-F was depressed with increased
fluence of N-ions. The results of Raman spectroscopy atfluence of 3 × 1013 ions/cm2 shows a broad hump at
1300-1600 cm-1 which corresponds to the formation of
amorphous carbon. The characteristic peaks of CF2 (735cm-1) and C-C (1384 cm-1) also decreased with increased
fluence. In the ePTFE, the changes in internodal distance,
density between nodes and the C-C radical were induced by
5 MeV/nucleon N-ion irradiation. We plan to study gas
sensing properties of sensors using the ion-irradiatedmembranes in the next stage of development.
References

1) T. Ishiji, T. Iijima, K. Takahashi, Denki Kagaku 64 (1996) 1304.
2) N. Nakano, S. Ogawa, Sensors and Actuators B 21 (1994) 51.
3) M. Iwase, A. Sannomiya, S. Nagaoka, Y. Suzuki, M. Iwaki, and
H. Kawakami, Macromol. 37 (2004) 6892.
4) K. Okamura, T. Ishiji, M. Iwaki, Y. Suzuki and K. Takahashi,Surface & Coatings Technology 201 (2007) 8116.

Suzuki08RIBFrevisedLast+2- 226 -㩷
㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷

Study of polymer reformed by ion-irradiation
F. Saito,䋪1 T. Hyodo,䋪1 Y. Nagashima,䋪2 Y Suzuki

Reformation of ion irradiated polymer has been studied
by positron annihilation measurements and electron
resonance (ESR) measurements. Polymer chains arecleaved by ion irradiation, so that some of the scission sites
remain as radicals and the others recombine or form
crosslinks between polymer chains.
Positronium (Ps), a hydrogen-like bound state of anelectron and a positron, is very sensitive to radicals. Ps has
two states; para-Ps (p-Ps, spin singlet) annihilates with amean lifetime of 125ps in a vacuum emitting two J rays andortho-Ps (o-Ps, spin triplet) annihilates with a mean lifetimeof 142ns emitting three J rays. When radicals exist,
positronium formation is reduced since positrons andexcited electrons are captured by radicals. Moreover,positronium quenches by spin conversion with an electronof a radical. By spin conversion, o-Ps becomes p-Ps. Thiseffect is distinctive for o-Ps because of its long lifetime.

Figure 2 shows ESR spectra for the irradiated polystyrene.
The intensity of the singlet peak decreases with time. It
should be noted that the time constant for the decrease
appears long.

Fig. 2 ESR spectra for irradiated polystyrene exposed to air
and as-irradiatedFig.1 S-parameters of positron annihilation J ray Doppler
broadening peak obtained using a slow positron beam vs.
incident positron energy
Figure 1 shows the S-parameters plotted against incident
positron energy for the polystyrene irradiated by 150keV
He+ ions with fluence of 5×1015 ions/cm2 and that for the
as-received sample1). S-parameter is the shape parameter of
positron annihilation J ray Doppler broadening peak. The
S-parameter for the as-received sample is almost constant,
except below 2 keV. The S-parameter for the irradiatedsamples is lower than that for the as-received sample. The
decrease of the S-parameter has been attributed to inhibitionof Ps formation by radicals2). We found that exposure of thesample to the air makes the S-parameter even lower.
䋪1䋪2This data indicates that the decrease of the S-parameterby ion irradiation cannot be explained simply by the Ps
formation inhibition by radicals3). The inhibition may be
due to the shielding of coulomb interaction between
electron and positron by an abrupt increase of the electric
conductivity of ion irradiated polymers4). In order toelucidate this problem, the study of ePTFE irradiated by N7+ions using the AVF cyclotron is in progress in RIKEN5).
Since the ions with energy of 5 MeV/nucleon penetrate
deeply into the sample with the thickness of 0.2mm,
conventional positron lifetime measurement and positronannihilation J ray Doppler broadening measurement can beused in addition to slow positron beams measurement.
References

1) Y. Kobayashi, I. Kojima, S. Hishita, T. Suzuki, E. Asari and M.
Kitajima, Phys. Rev. B 52 (1995) 823
2) N. Djourelov, T. Suzuki, Y. Ito, K. Velitchkova and K. Kondo,
Nucl. Instr. Meth. B, 225 (2004) 357
3) F. Saito, Y. Fujii, Y. Nagashima, T. Yotoriyama, A. Nakao, Y.
Suzuki, M. Iwaki, I. Nishiyama, T. Hyodo, Phys. Stat. Sol. (c), 4( 2007 ) 3718.
4) I. H. Loh et al, Nucl. Instr. and Meth. B, 34 (1988) 337
5) Y. Suzuki, T. Kobayashi, K. Takahashi, T. Kambara, F. Saito, T.
Hyodo, Y. Nagashima, K. Okamura, S. Uchikoshi, N. Nakano,
A. Iwase, D. Mano and Y. Shiga, in this volume

The University of Tokyo
Tokyo University of Science- 227 -㩷
RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㩷

Site change of hydrogen in Nb due to interaction with oxygen†
E. Yagi,*1 K. Hirabayashi,*2 Y. Murakami,*2 S. Koike,*3 N. Higami,*2 T. Hayashi,*2 A. Takebayashi,*2 T. Yoshida,*2
C. Sugi*2 T. Sugawara,*4 T. Shishido,䋪4 and K. Ogiwara
As to an interaction between hydrogen or deuterium andoxygen or nitrogen interstitial solutes in the group Va
metals in the periodic table (V, Nb and Ta), H or D istrapped by O or N atoms to form O-H(D) or N-H(D) pairs.
From the point of view of hydrogen diffusion, the jump rateof H(D) in those metals, especially in Nb, alloyed withoxygen or nitrogen has been investigated. The existence ofO-H(D) or N-H(D) pairs allows measurement of the jumprate at low temperatures otherwise impossible, because
hydride precipitation at low temperatures is suppressed due
to trapping of H(D). The non-classical behaviour has been
observed, and it has been interpreted to be tunnelling
motion of trapped H(D) between equivalent two sitesaround its trapping centre O or N.1)As the configuration of
the O(N)-H(D) pair, various models have been proposed,
but it has not been clarified between which sites hydrogenmakes tunnelling. In the present study, to obtain direct
information on the lattice location of hydrogen in Nb
alloyed with oxygen, channelling experiments were
performed at room temperature utilizing a nuclear reaction
1
H(11B, D)DD with a 11B beam of about 2 MeV.2,3)Hydrogencan be detected by measuring emitted D-particles.
Specimens are single-crystal of Nb and Nb alloyed withoxygen of 0.3at.% (NbO0.003). Hydrogen was doped up to
concentrationsof0.0027
and
0.023
in
a
hydrogen-to-metal-atom ratio for Nb specimens (NbH0.0027
and NbH0.023), and 0.003 and 0.019 for NbO0.003 specimens(NbO0.003H0.003 and NbO0.003H0.019). Figure 1 shows thechannelling angular profiles obtained for NbO0.003H0.003 andNbO0.003H0.019. The channelling angular profiles for both
NbH0.0027 and NbH0.023 are similar to those for NbO0.003H0.019.
It was demonstrated that hydrogen occupies tetrahedral (T)sites in pure Nb.3) From the comparison of the angularprofiles of D-particle yields with those calculated forvarious kinds of site occupancies, it was demonstrated that
H atoms are located at sites displaced by 0.5-0.6 Å from T
sites towards their nearest neighbour lattice point in
NbO0.003H0.003, while in NbO0.003H0.019 most of them arelocated at T sites and the remains are at the same sites as in
NbO0.003H0.003. The separation between neighbouring
equivalent displaced sites is about 0.82 Å. This magnitude
is very close to the distance between two sites for hydrogentunneling, which was estimated from the result of inelastic
neutron scattering experiment.1) The present result supports†

Condensed from the article in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 054802 (2008)
RIKEN and The School of Sci. and Eng., Waseda University
䋪2
The School of Sci. and Eng., Waseda University
䋪3
Department of Physics, Tokyo University of Science䋪4
Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University
䋪1

the trapping of H by O atoms and the formation of O-Hpairs. The number of H atoms trapped by one O atom wasestimated to be approximately unity. As the location oftrapped hydrogen in the O-H pair, there are possibilities ofthree types of displaced sites, site-a, site-d and site-j in Fig.
2, with different distances from the O atom but the sameseparation of about 0.82 Å between neighbouring
equivalent sites. It is proposed that the site-a is mostprobable, which is different from hitherto proposed sites.

Fig. 1. Channelling angular profiles obtained for (a)NbO0.003H0.003 and (b) NbO0.003H0.019 specimens.

Fig. 2. Three types of probable sites for hydrogen trappedby oxygen.
References
1) H. Wipf, A. Magerl, S. M. Shapiro, S. K. Satija, and W.
Thomlinson: Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 947 (1981).
2) E. Yagi, T. Kobayashi, S. Nakamura, Y. Fukai, and K.
Watanabe: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 52, 3441 (1983).
3) E. Yagi, S. Koike, T. Matsumoto, T. Urai, and K. Ogiwara: Phys.
Rev. B 66, 024206 (2002).

- 228 -

㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)
㪅㩷Development of a multi-coincidence SIMS analyzer for study on potential
sputtering of solid surfaces interacting with highly charged ions

+

C3Hn

C2Hn+

CountsCountsCountsH+
H2+

K. Motohashi*1, M. Flores, Y. Kanai, and Y. Yamazaki
The interaction between highly charged ions (HCIs) andthe HCI collides with a target surface at an off-normal orsolid surfaces has been attracting much attention because it
glancing angle. After its velocity and charge state are
induces effectively nanostructure formation1) and secondary
analyzed with the Wien filter and the parallel plates, ionsparticle emission2). The secondary particle emission is also
scattered at the surface were detected by a two dimensional
important as an initial process of nanostructure formation.
position sensitive detector (2D-PSD) denoted as MCP3. The
time-of-flight of secondary ions (detected on MCP1) and the
The process is triggered by multi-electron capture by HCIs,
three waveforms from the MCP3 were recorded event by
and thus the process called “potential sputtering” isevent through a digital oscilloscope. The 2D position on theessentially different from any kinetic sputtering process.
MCP3 was obtained from the pulse heights of the
However, the details of potential sputtering by HCIs havewaveforms.
not been clarified yet because of the experimental difficulty
The results of coincidence measurements betweenof separating it from the kinetic processes.
scattered ions and secondary ions in 2.5q keV Arq+ (q = 4
An experimental apparatus for studying the potential
and 6) incident on a GaN(0001) surface have already been
sputtering has been developed. The apparatus canreported3, 4). It was found that kinetic processes between
simultaneously detect secondary electrons and secondary
scattered Ar+ and substrate atoms (Ga or N) on the surface
ions as well as scattered atoms and ions that captured
3)
play a role in the proton emission process6).
electrons from the surface in off-normal incidence of HCIs .
The velocity and charge state of scattered ions can also be
The TOF-SIMS analysis can also be achieved byanalyzed with a Wien filter (E B filter) and a parallel
triggering with the signal of secondary electrons detected byplate analyzer, respectively. Therefore, the apparatus allows
MCP2. An example of the results is shown in Fig. 2 for Arq+(q = 4 – 8) hitting a dodecanethiol(C12H25SH)/Au(111)
us to achieve coincidence experiments between
sample at 12° (tangential to the surface). The moleculartime-of-flightsecondaryionmassspectrometryions fragmented from the alkane chain (CH2)11 and the(TOF-SIMS) and low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy
terminal functional group CH3 were observed.
(LEIS) of the scattered ions with a specific charge state. The
coincidence measurement makes it possible to separate thepotential sputtering from the kinematic ones. Further, it isalso possible to achieve TOF-SIMS analysis of secondary
20(a)ions in coincidence with that of secondary electrons4).
10
Figure 1 shows a schematic illustration of theexperimental setup at RIKEN. The charge state of HCI
020
extracted from an electron beam ion source5) (EBIS) was(b)
analyzed by a magnet before this setup. After the10
adjustment of its trajectory and focus with an electrostatic
0lens (L) and four deflection plates (D1ӆ, D1||, D2, and D3),
20
(c)
MCP1
10
0
0

TOF-SIMSL

D1ӆ D1||

D2 D3

WF

CS

MCP3

䋪1

Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo University of Agriculture and2

3
TOF (s)4

5
6[u10-5]

Fig. 2. TOF-SIMS spectra4) of a dodecanethiol/Au(111)
surface interacting with slow (a) Ar4+, (b) Ar6+, and (c)Ar8+ at 12° (tangential to the surface).

MCP2
Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the experimental setup
developed to study the atomic processes of potential
sputtering induced by highly charged ions.
L, lenses; D, deflection plates; WF, Wien filter; CS, charge
separator; TOF-SIMS, time-of-flight secondary-ion mass
spectrometer; MCP, multi-channel plate detectors

1

References

1) A. S. El-Said et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 237601.
2) M. Tona et al., Phys. Rev. B 77 (2008) 155427.
3) K. Motohashi, e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotech. 7 (2009) 21.
4) K. Motohashi et al., J. Phys. Conf. Ser. (to be published).
5) K. Motohashi et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 71 (2000) 890.
6) K. Motohashi, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. (to be published).

Technology

Kenji_Motohashi_APR(Revised).doc- 229 -

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Ion Coulomb crystals in a cryogenic linear RF octupole ion trap
K. Okada,∗1 M. Wada, T. Takayanagi,∗1 S. Ohtani,∗2 H. A. Schuessler, ∗3

∗1
∗2
∗3

Department of Physics, Sophia University
Institute for Laser Science, University ofCommunications
Department of Physics, Texas A&M University

plitudes in the central trap region, the clear shells areconstructed. Single-ion sensitivity was also obtained
as shown in Fig. 1 (b). The ions are not arranged likea string, but distributed in the oval with the ion-ion
distance of about 70 µm.
When a much larger number of ions are crystallized,
the strange shape of the crystal emerges as shown in
Fig.1 (c). The image was observed by setting the laser
frequency to the position indicated by the arrow inthe laser cooling spectrum of Fig. 1 (d). The numberof ions is estimated to be N > 104 using the uniform
number density derived from the Coulomb crystal composed of a small number of ions such as Fig. 1(b). The
ion temperature is estimated to be less than 5 mKfrom the residual Doppler width in the spectrum. Although the image is not clear, we recognize the dip
along the trap axial direction. The reason of this interesting property is possibly attributed to the characteristic sum potential in the radial direction5) .
In summary, we have observed ion Coulomb crystals
in the linear octupole ion trap for the ﬁrst time. In thenext step, the study of ultra-low energy ion-molecule
collisions using a Stark decelerator is planned.
(b)

(a)

0.85 mmtrap axis

(c)

(d)

LIF intensity (arb. units)

Ion Coulomb crystals of laser-cooled ions are promising tools for quantum computing1) , studying ultra-coldion-molecule collisions2) , tests of a possible variationof the fundamental physical constants3) and precisionlaser spectroscopy of unstable nuclear ions4) . A systematic study of ion Coulomb crystals was performedin Penning and Paul ion traps including its linear conﬁgurations so far. Laser cooling experiments in linear
RF multipole ion traps and in particular an octupole
trap have so far not been performed before our experiment5) . New features of Coulomb crystals not present
in a linear Paul trap are expected in a higher ordermultipole trap due to the large almost ﬁeld-free region
in the middle of this trap.
Here we report the ﬁrst observation of ion Coulomb
crystals in a cryogenic linear RF octupole ion trap.
Large and small Coulomb crystals of laser-cooled Ca+ions have been observed. In addition we have systematically investigated the changes of the shapes of thecrystals by varying the axial static voltages (Vz0 ) andthe asymmetric DC voltages (Vdc ).
The experimental setup is as follows. The octupole
trap consists of eight cylindrical electrodes with a diameter of 2 mm. The distance from the center trapaxis to the surface of the electrodes is a larger value(r0 = 4.5 mm) than the normal value (r0 = 3 mm) toincrease the ﬁeld of view. Although this trap conﬁguration is not ideal, larger RF voltages reproduce analmost ideal eﬀective potential. The vacuum chamber
enclosing the ion trap is evacuated by a turbo molecular pump and an ion pump. In addition, the ion trap
is mounted on a liquid-nitrogen vessel to obtain an
ultra-high vacuum with P < 10−8 Pa. For laser cooling of Ca+ ions, two grating stabilized laser diodes(λ = 397 nm and 866 nm) are used. Both the laser
frequencies are locked to the temperature-controlled
optical cavities. The laser-induced ﬂuorescence (LIF)
at 397 nm is observed by a cooled CCD camera at aright angle to the trap axis. The magniﬁcation of thelens system is 6×. A UV ﬁlter is used for the reductionof background photons.
Examples of the CCD images are shown in Fig. 1.
For relatively small axial voltages, long prolate shapesof the ion crystals are observed when applying Vdc ,while spherically symmetry shapes are observed forlarger axial voltages (Fig. 1(a)). The clear shell structure can be recognized inside the crystals composed of∼400 ions. The estimated interval between the shell
is 40-50 µm. Because of the small micromotion am-

1.7 mm

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

laser sweep frequency (GHz)

Fig. 1. Observed CCD images of the Coulomb crystal. The
trapping parameters are frf = 6.04 MHz, Vac = 157 V,
and (a) Vz0 = 3.40 V, Vdc = 0.60 V, (b) Vz0 = 0.20 V,
Vdc = 0 V, (c) Vz0 = 0.80 V, Vdc = 0 V . The scale in
the images of (a) and (b) is same.

References

Electro-- 230 -

1) J. I. Cirac et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4091 (1995).
2) S. Willitsch et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 043203(2008).
3) U. Fröhlich et al.: Lecture Notes in Physics 648, 297(2004).
4) K. Okada et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 212502 (2008).
5) K. Okada et al.: Phys. Rev. A 75, 033409 (2007).

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Excitation spectrum of In atoms in superfluid helium
A. Sasaki,∗1 T. Furukawa, K. Fujikake,∗2 T. Kobayashi, A. Hatakeyama,∗3 T. Shimoda,∗4
H. Odashima,∗2 and Y. Matsuo
Laser spectroscopy in superfluid He (He II) is usefulfor determining the spins and moments of unstable nuclei. We are planning to perform a systematic study of
nuclear spins and moments of unstable nuclei stopped
in He II, using laser-radiowave(RF)/microwave(MW)double resonance.1) Atomic polarization by opticalpumping, however, has been achieved only with alkali
and alkali-like elements, whose electronic energy levelstructure is rather simple.
On the other hand, non-alkali elements require anumber of lasers of different wavelengths to achieve
optical pumping due to their complicated energy levelstructures. To overcome this problem, we will use theunique spectral feature of atoms in He II. In general,
the excitation spectra of atoms in He II are blue-shifted
and significantly broadened from those in a vacuum
due to interaction with surrounding He atoms.2) By
using this characteristic, we expect that atomic polarization of non-alkali atoms by optical pumping can beachieved using a single laser.
Among non-alkali atoms, the Indium atom is an interesting candidate for generating atomic polarization.
Indium has a proton number close to the magic number, while the electronic level structure of the thirdgroup elements such as In is not too complicated. To
obtain a high atomic polarization, the wavelength ofthe excitation laser should be tuned to the absorption
peak. However, a previously reported peak wavelength
had large experimental uncertainties because the laser
power correction was not sufficient. In this study, wemeasure the excitation spectrum of In in He II to obtain the absorption wavelength at the peak of the blueshifted spectrum.
Figure 1 shows the experimental setup for spectrum
measurement of In atoms in He II. The apparatus consists of a cryostat with quartz windows, a detection
system, and three lasers. The bottom part of the cryostat contains liquid He. An open-top quartz cell isplaced above the liquid surface and is filled with He II
by utilizing the fountain effect of He II. An In sample isirradiated by an ablation laser to introduce In atoms,
ions, and clusters into He II. Because clusters are predominantly produced in laser ablation compared withatoms, the clusters are dissociated using a dissociation laser, typically producing 106 atoms in the observation region. The atoms that absorb the excitation
laser light are excited from the ground P1/2 state to
the S1/2 excited state, and emit fluorescence. The fluorescence is discriminated with a monochromator fixedat an In emission wavelength of 451 nm, and detectedby a photomultiplier tube (PMT). The detection signal is captured by a gated integrator and recorded in acomputer. In this experiment, pulsed dye lasers withfour types of dyes are used to cover the excitation
wavelengths from 350 nm to 390 nm. The spectrum
observed using each dye is normalized for laser intensity. The normalized spectra are then combined witheach other.
The obtained excitation spectrum of In atoms isshown in Fig. 2. The wavelength of the excitation
peak observed at approximately 370 nm is found to be
5 nm longer than that previously reported.3) Atomic
polarization will hence be produced efficiently by optical pumping in the vicinity of 370 nm. To determine
the absorption peak position more precisely, we areplanning to measure the excitation spectrum aroundthe 370 nm wavelength in detail. An optical pumping
experiment of In atoms using a 370 nm laser is also inprogress.

Fig. 2. Excitation spectrum of 115 In in He II. The excitation peak is observed at approximately 370 nm. LIF
intensity fluctuates due to fluctuation in the number ofatoms in the ablation and dissociation processes.
Fig. 1. Experimental setup.
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Department of Physics, Tohoku University
Department of Physics, Meiji University
Department of Applied Physics, Tokyo Univ. Agr. Tech.
Department of Physics, Osaka University

References
1) T. Furukawa et al.: Proc. International Nuclear Physics
Conference (INPC2007), (Tokyo 2007) Vol. 2, pp. 624.
2) B. Tabbert et al.: J. Low. Temp. Phys. 109, 653 (1997).
3) Q. Hui: Doctoral thesis, Saitama Univ. (1997)- 231 -

1

2.

Atomic and Solid State Physics(muon)

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)2009)

Installation of a new laser system for laser-irradiated pump-probe
type µSR experiments at RIKEN-RAL muon facility
P. Bakule,∗1,∗2 Y. Matsuda,∗3 H.W.K. Tom,∗4 K. Yokoyama,∗4 F.L. Pratt,∗2 E. Torikai,∗5 K. Shimomura,∗6 andK. Nagamine∗4,∗6

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

∗6

Advanced Meson Science Laboratory, RIKEN Nishina Center
ISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory,
United Kingdom
Graduate school of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, USA
Yamanashi University, Faculty of Engineering, Kofu
Muon Science Laboratory, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization

Optical table withremotely controled
Laser safety
mirrors andshuttercamerasRemovablebeam enclosure

Laser room

PORT 2Q-switched lasers (1-200 ns pulse duration) are ideally matched to pulsed muon sources (100 ns pulse duration) and yet so far there were only very few experiments that used lasers for synchronized sample excitations1,2) . Use of laser pulses synchronized with muon
implantation provides an extremely useful tool that
extends the scope of µSR spectroscopy. Dependingon the photon energy, the laser irradiation will cause
coherent electron excitation or ionization in the studied sample or even aﬀect the muonium state directly(e.g. convert diamagnetic Mu− state to paramagnetic
Mu). Additionally, circularly polarized light can induce spin polarization of the excited electrons in thesample. The eﬀects of the pump laser pulse on thesample can then be sensitively probed using µSR technique. The time diﬀerence between the muon implantation and the laser irradiation can be easily controlled
on a nanosecond scale and such pump-probe experiments can then also provide measurement of the decay
time constant of the generated excitation.
To allow routine use of such pump-probe technique
we have built a dedicated laser room and laser beam
delivery system next to the ARGUS µSR spectrometer(Fig. 1) at RIKEN RAL muon facility. The laser system was build by pooling equipment together in close
collaboration between RIKEN, KEK, Yamanashi University, University of California and ISIS and is basedon an optical parametric oscillator (Continuum Panther EX OPO) pumped by a Nd:YAG laser (Continuum Powerlite 9025). The OPO parameters are summarized in Table 1.
The laser, operating at 25 Hz, is ﬁred at every second
muon pulse (50 Hz) so that half of the data is takenwith laser-on and half with laser-oﬀ. The output islinearly polarized and we have additionally built an
optical setup for sample irradiation with left-hand andright-hand circularly polarized light including pulseto-pulse control of the polarization.
The laser parameters, such as the wavelength, pulse
energy and timing, are controlled in a user friendly
manner consistent with the computer control of otherFig. 1. Layout of the laser enclosure and beam delivery toµSR sample
Wavelength range (signal)
Wavelength range (idler)
Pulse energy
Pulse duration
Repetition rate
Polarization

400 - 700 nm (3.1 - 1.8 eV)
715 - 2500 nm (1.7 - 0.5 eV)
1-70 mJ
9 ns
25 Hz
Controlled pulse-to-pulse(linear, circular, elliptical)
Table 1. Summary of the OPO laser parametersexperimental parameters such as magnetic ﬁeld or
sample temperature.
The laser beam is steered onto the sample through alight-tight beam delivery system using broadband HR
mirrors (R>99% over 350-1150 nm), some of which are
remotely controlled. Samples are typically mounted ina vacuum chamber on mini-cryostat capable of reaching temperatures of about 15 K. Diﬀerent mirror andsample conﬁgurations are possible where either thefront or rear surface of the sample is irradiated.
The system can be also used for experiments at discrete Nd:YAG wavelengths (1064 nm, 532 nm, 355 nm)- see e.g. recent experiment on reaction dynamics ofmuonium3) .
References
1) E. Torikai et al: Physica B 289-290 (2000), p. 558.
2) K. Ghandi et al.: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 9 (2007),
p. 353.
3) P. Bakule et al.: Physica B 404 (2009), p.1013.

- 233 -1㩷

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Muons for Spintronics: Spin Exchange Scattering of Muonium
with Laser-Induced Polarized Conduction Electrons in n-Type GaAs
K. Yokoyama1, K. Nagamine1,2, K. Shimomura2, H.W.K. Tom1, R. Kawakami1, P. Bakule,Y. Matsuda*, K. Ishida, K. Ohishi, F.L. Pratt3, I. Shiraki4 and E. Torikai4

In order to develop materials and spin injection methods
for spintronics, it is essential to establish the experimental
methods by which to detect conduction electron
polarization (CEP).
In the case of GaAs, because of a large spin-orbit
interaction and a direct band gap, CEP can be produced
through the electron excitation from a valence-band by
circularly polarized (CP) laser and CEP detection is also
performed with optical methods [1]. In contrast, for Si, Ge
or Graphite, the optical methods can not be applied due to asmall spin-orbit interaction and an indirect band gap.
Use of polarized ortho muonium (Mu, a bound state of
positive muon (P+) and electron with spins aligned in thesame direction) is a sensitive tool for CEP detection; thespin of the electron bound to P+ can be affected by areplacing it with a polarized conduction electron through an
exchange scattering between the Mu electron and theelectron in a conduction band. This muon method was
proposed at KEK by Torikai et al. [2]. The present
experiment is a feasibility study of the muon method todetect CEP in n-type GaAs whose properties are wellknown [1].
The experiment was conducted at Port 2 of the
RIKEN-RAL Muon facility using a pulsed 4 MeV positive
muon beam.
The sample used was 360 Pm thick 50.8
mm diameter single crystalline GaAs with 3u 1016 cm-3 Si
doping. The tunable laser light around 831 nm with arepetition frequency of 25 Hz was generated using a widely
tunable OPO system pumped by 355 nm Nd:YAG laser. The
linearly polarized laser was passed through an optical setupthat converts the linearly polarized light to circularly
polarized light illuminating the sample. Here, Pockel’s cell(PC) is used for pulse-to-pulse control of switching between
right-hand CP light (“R”) and left-hand CP light (“L”). A
laser pulse with a pulse length of 10 ns was arranged toirradiate the GaAs sample at 1 Ps after muon pulse.
The sample was placed in a strain-free manner by using a
specially designed sample holder containing He gas.
The typical PSR time spectrum under 0.1 T at 15 K withlaser irradiation is shown in Fig. 1, representing data under
the conditions of “L” and “R” with reference to “Off”. An
exponential relaxation component corresponding to BC-Mu(Mu at body-center site) state observed in the “Off” data
exists after laser irradiation, almost as it did in terms ofamplitude and relaxation rate before irradiation. An
insensitive response of BC-Mu to laser irradiation can beconcluded.
1

Physics Department, University of California, Riverside2
Muon Science Laboratory, IMSS, KEK
3ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

RARSpintRevRev

4

Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi
Present address; Arts and Science, University of Tokyo*

The “L-R” effect has a characteristic dependence on theexternal field. The effect which clearly exists below 0.1 T
disappears above 0.2 T. There, the hyperfine magnetic fieldfrom the bound electron is decoupled by the external fieldso that the polarization change of the bound electron does
not affect P+ polarization.Since the BC-Mu is now known
to be insensitive, the muon state responding to the laser
should be concluded as T-site Mu (Mu at tetrahedral site)state and/or Mu (bound state of P+e-e-) state.
We then measured the dependence of the polarization
effect on laser power by reducing laser power from 2.25 mJ
down to 0.4 mJ. An increase of the “LR” polarization
effect with reference to “OffOn” effect was observed,
which is consistent with the result of the increased spin life
time against decrease of laser power in this power range
observed in the optical measurement [1].
Also, by raising temperature, although the “On-Off”
effect stays unchanged, the “LR” effect began to disappear.
The result is again consistent with decreased spin life time
at higher temperature observed by the optical method [1].
In conclusion, the exchange scattering of the muonium
was proved to detect CEP produced by circularly polarizedlasers in n-type GaAs. Correct response of the signal was
obtained, which is consistent with the CEP properties of then-type GaAs sample known through the opticalmeasurement [1]. The result of the present feasibility
measurement for n-GaAs is encouraging for the muon
method to be applied to CEP detection in many otherspintonics materials such as Si, Ge, Graphite, etc.
References[1] J.M. Kikkawa and D.D. Awschalom, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 4313
(1998) and refereces therein.
[2] E. Torikai et al., Physica B 289-290 (2000) 558-562.

Fig. 1. The PSR time spectrum at 15 K and under 0.1 T with 3
laser conditions at 1 Ps after muon pulse; “Off” is shown by red
points, “L” (Para) is shown by green points and “R” (Anti) is
shown by blue points. A clear polarization effect can be seen.

- 234 -㩷
㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)
㪅㩷

Discovery of Spin-Dependent Response of Negative Muonium (Mu 䎃
to Laser Induced Polarized Electrons in n-Type GaAs under Zero Field
K. Yokoyama1, K. Nagamine1,2, K. Shimomura2, H.W.K. Tom1, R. Kawakami1, P. Bakule,Y. Matsuda*, K. Ishida, K. Ohishi, F.L. Pratt3, I. Shiraki4 and E. Torikai4

In order to promote the spintronics, a use ofspin-dependent exchange scattering between a polarized
electron in ortho muonium (ortho-Mu, P+e-, a bound state of
positive muon and an electron with the spins aligned in thesame direction) to detect the conduction electron
polarization (CEP) in semiconductors has been proposed at
KEK by Torikai et al. [1]. Recently a feasibility study of themethod was successfully carried out on a strain-free n-type
GaAs (3×1016 cm-3 Si) by measuring a change in the P+
polarization in Mu against a relative directional change ofthe polarization under external longitudinal fields above 20
mT [2]. In n-type GaAs, CEP is produced by circularly
polarized (CP) lasers due to a strong spin-orbit coupling anda direct band-gap. Observations consistent with theproperties of the CEP known in optical experiments wereobtained in the feasibility study [2].
On the other hand, the properties of muonium in undoped
and doped GaAs have been thorouly studied. The existence
and properties of Mu (P+e-e-, a diamagnetic bound state of
P+ and the two electrons with a singlet coupling at the
ground state) in n-type GaAs with Si doping concentration
higher than 1016 are known [3].
During the course of the feasibility experiment [2]conducted at Port 2 of the RIKEN-RAL, the present
measurement was conducted by using a pulsed 4 MeV
positive muon beam. A surprising spin-dependent responseof the Muwas found.
The tunable laser light around 831 nm/1.49 eV with 25
Hz repetition frequency was generated using a widely
tunable OPO system. As described [2], linearly polarizedlaser output was converted to CP light illuminating thesample. The Pockel’s cell (PC) is used for pulse-to-pulse
switching between right-hand CP light (“R”) and left-hand
CP light (“L”). A laser pulse with a pulse length of 10 ns
was irradiated at 1 Ps after the muon pulse.
The obtained PSR time spectrum under zero field (ZF) at
15 K (Fig. 1) represents ZF muon spin relaxation data under
the conditions of “L” and “R” with reference to “Off”.
Combined with other high-statistics measurements,
asymmetry amplitudes of the ZF “Off” at 15 K comprises
Mu state with Gaussian relaxation (5.70(6) %) and 1/6
component of both BC-Mu (Mu at body-center site) withexponential relaxation (nearly 1.0 %) and T-Mu (Mu at
tetrahedral site) with almost no relaxation (nearly 1.0 %).

In ZF “Off” (Fig. 1), major 5/6 components of full
asymmetry of BC-Mu and T-Mu (amounting in total to14 %) are missing due to hyperfine interaction in Mu and anuclear hyperfine field on the remaining ortho Mu.
As for the polarization-dependent “L-R” effect, thefollowing observations can be readily obtained: 1) the major
component with Gaussian relaxation at “Off”, whichcorresponds to the Mustate, does change against thechange of CP of the laser irradiation; 2) As for the data
under longitudinal fields above 20 mT [2], because of an
unchanged exponentially decaying component before andafter laser irradiation, the insensitive nature of the BC-Mu
to the laser irradiation can be concluded. At the same time,
the tail region of the relaxation function which represents a
1/6 component of T-Mu does not change. Thus, a major
contribution to the ZF “L-R” effect may be concluded to be
due to the Mustate.
In order to confirm the Mudominance in “L-R” effectthe polarization dependence of the TF rotation under 2 mT
was measured with a laser timing set at 100 ns after themuon pulse. The shift of the laser timing was made in orderto maximize the polarization effect in TF data. A clear“L-R” effect was observed in the amplitude of theremaining rotating component (0.30(4) %) with a phaseshift corresponding to the time delay (0.24(8) Ps).
In order to understand the observed Muresponse, atwo-step process can be considered; (1) spin-independent
one-electron removal collision between Muand laser
induced conduction electron followed by a formation ofortho Mu (50 %) and (2) spin-dependent ionization in
between ortho Mu and polarized laser induced conduction
electrons to produce P+ in a spin-dependent manner.

[1] E. Torikai et al., Physica B 289-290 (2000) 558-562.
[2] K. Yokoyama et al. in this Progress Report (2009).
[3] K.H. Chow, B. Hitti and R. Kiefl, Semiconductors andSemmetals, 51a, 137 (1997).

1

Physics Department, University of California, Riverside
Muon Science Laboratory, IMSS, KEK
3ISIS, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
4
Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi*
Present address; Arts and Science, University of Tokyo
2

Fig. 1. Muon-spin-relaxation time spectrum under ZF
in n-GaAs at 15 K with laser injection at 1 Ps,
representing the polarization effect.

RARZFrevrev- 235 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

Measurement of the Chemical Reaction Rate of Muonium with
Stimulated Raman-Pumped H∗2 (v=1)†
D.G. Fleming,∗1 P. Bakule,∗2,∗4 O. Sukhorukov,∗1 Y. Matsuda,∗3 F.L. Pratt,∗4 P. Gumplinger,∗5 T. Momose,∗6
and E. Torikai∗7
0.6

Stimulated Raman pumping (SRP) is used to produce H2 in its ﬁrst vibrational state, in order to measure, for the ﬁrst time, the Mu +H∗2 (v=1) → MuH +H
reaction rate at room temperature, as a prototypicalexample of new directions in gas-phase muonium chemistry, utilizing the pulsed muon beam and a new dedicated laser system at the RIKEN/RAL Laboratory.
This experiment will provide new tests of reaction
rate theory in the fundamental H3 system1,2) in threeimportant ways:• Since the pumped v=1 state is not in thermal
equilibrium, accurate TST calculations are notfeasible, mandating rigorous 3D quantum rate calculations.
• The barrier to reaction is so much lower thanfor the GS, that rigorous calculations of the barrier height, including non-BO corrections, are required.
• At the temperatures of the experiment, quantum
tunneling of Mu can be expected to play a majorrole, in contrast to the GS reaction, providing afurther constraint on accuracy of the 3D quantum
calculations needed.
The experiment utilizes the 2nd harmonic output ofa Nd:YAG laser (532 nm) with pulse energies up to
500 mJ at a repetition rate of 25 Hz exciting up to
8x1017 H2 molecules to v=1 state. The muon stopping
distribution in pure H2 at 50 bar has a variance σof 11 mm and therefore the major diﬃculty in thisexperiment, compared to the standard SRP process,is to ensure a homogeneous excitation over a volumeof several cm3 and a suﬃcient pressure of H∗2 (v=1) toensure a measurable Mu relaxation rate. To optimize
all of these requirements diﬀerent optical setups havebeen constructed and tested.
†
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

∗5
∗6
∗7

Condensed from the article in Physica B, 404, 5-7 (2009);
doi:10.1016/j.physb.2008.11.230
TRIUMF and Department of Chemistry, University of
British Columbia, BC., Canada
Advanced Meson Science Laboratory, RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
Graduate school of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo,
Komaba 3-8-1, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8902, JapanISIS Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX,
United Kingdom
TRIUMF Laboratory, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver,BC., Canada
Depts. of Chemistry and Physics, University of British
Columbia, Canada
Yamanashi University, Faculty of Engineering, Kofu, Yamanashi 4008511, JapanA) Measured (Laser ON - laser OFF) spectrum

λ0 = 0.48 µs-1

S(t) [%]

0.3
0
-0.3
-0.6
0

S(t) [%]

0.6

1 x 108 events
0.5

1

1.5

2
Time [µs]

2.5

3

3.5

λ0 = 0.2 µs-1

B) Simulated (Laser ON - laser OFF) spectrum

0.3
0

-0.3
-0.6
0

5 x 108 events
0.5

1

1.5
2
Time [µs]

2.5

3

3.5

Fig. 1. A) experimental signal; B) simulated diﬀerence signal (see text)

The ﬁrst result of this experiment gives a measured
relaxation rate due to the laser excitation of λ∗ = 0.085± 0.051 µs−1 , consistent with theory but limited byboth low statistics and particularly by a high background relaxation rate (about 5 times larger than λ∗ ).
The signal of interest in this experiment is the diﬀerence in µSR spectra for laser ON - laser OFF deﬁnedby S(t) in ref3) . Most variables in S(t) can be determined from the laser OFF experiments (muonium
asymmetry AM u , background relaxation rate λ0 , muonium rotation frequency and phase) and the only parameters that need to be ﬁtited are λ∗ and the fraction f of Mu atoms that overlap with the laser pumped
H∗2 (v=1) volume. Figure 1(A) shows a ﬁt of S(t) to theexperimental data for TF of 2.22 G, λ0 = 0.48 µs−1 ,muonium asymmetry AM u = (4.32 ± 0.07)% and f=0.4
giving the above value for λ∗ . The poor signal-to-noise
ratio observed here should be signiﬁcantly improved in
the future experiments by reducing the background relaxation rate (originating mostly from magnetic ﬁeld
inhomogeneity) which damps the S(t) by a factor ofexp(−λ0 t). This is demonstrated in Fig. 1(B) showing
simulated data assuming λ0 = 0.20 µs−1 and improved
statistics (5x108 events). The necessary improvementin the ﬁeld inhomogeneity can be achieved through either unbalanced control of the existing Helmholz coils
or speciﬁcally designed compensation coil(s) placed arround the sample cell.
References
1) S.L. Mielke et al.: Phys. Rev. Let. 91, 6 (2003).
2) S.L. Mielke et al.: J. Chem. Phys. 122, 22 (2005).
3) P. Bakule et al.: Physica B 404, 5-7 (2009).

- 236 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Progress in design and development of counter system for new µSR
spectrometer at RIKEN-RAL
D. Tomono, T. Kawamata, Y. Hirayama∗1 , M. Iwasaki∗1 , I. Watanabe, K. Ishida and T. Matsuzaki
A new research project to explore various mattersunder multiple extreme conditions, such as high pressure, low temperature, etc. combined with µSR technique, has recently been launched using the high intensity beam at RIKEN-RAL. For this purpose, a highperformance and multi-purpose spectrometer is being
developed at the Port-4 area. A multi-segmented detector capable of measuring decay positrons with lesssignal pile-up, operating photomultiplier tube (PMT)
remote from the magnetic ﬁeld and mounting scintillators in the narrow space is essential for the setup andoptimization of the performance of µSR spectrometers.
Our recent feasibility test of the prototype counters1,2)
showed that we can selectively observe positrons within
7 degrees from a muon stopping sample using spindle
scintillator, wave-length shifting ﬁbers, clear ﬁbers andmulti-anode PMT (MAPMT). Based on this test, a
new counter system to fabricate the spectrometer has
been designed and a data acquisition system was built
in parallel.
Figure 1 shows pictures of counters and coils of the
new spectrometer. The basic parts shown in Fig. 1
left, are longitudinal Helmholtz coils of 150 mm bore
up to ﬁeld of 0.4 T, transverse coils and 3 pairs of ﬁeld
cancellation coil. The polarization of muons stopped
in a sample is determined by two counter assemblies
located at the core of longitudinal coils, which wereup-and downstream to the muon beam direction. The
wavelength shifting ﬁber of 1.5 mm diameter (Kuraray
Y-11(400)MS) is buried at the center of spindle counter(10×10×40 or 50 mm3 ) a) and tightly connected theclear ﬁber of 2.5 m length (Kuraray) as a light guide(Fig. 1 top-right). 16 clear ﬁbers are bundled andconnected to the MAPMT (H6568-10-200mod). The
606 counters are mounted in two special bases (Fig. 1
bottom-right). They are attached at the bore of thelongitudinal magnet.
Figure 2 shows the muon decay time spectrum using
practical 16 counters. Although a constant backgroundcomponent usually exists around 10−3 of the statistics
at t = 0 due to the charged particles outside from thesample, it is not observed, at least, in less than 3×10−5
owing to direction sensitive mechanism1,2) .
A scheme of data acquisition system is brieﬂy described in Fig. 3. The VME-based data acquisition
with Linux software is built for data acquisition of thecounters. The front end software (MACS/Windows3) )∗1a)also Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
This scintillator is originally manufactured by TRIUMF
group for the T2K near detector. We modiﬁed this scitillator for our requirements.

Fig. 1. Pictures of counters and coils. (left) Counter baseand coils. At the core of the longitudinal coil, a counterbase is installed to mount scintillation counters. The
606 clear ﬁbers mediate photons between counters and
PMTs installed beneath coils. (top-right) Counters andoptical ﬁbers. (bottom-right) Counters mounted in the
counter base.

Fig. 2. Muon decay time spectrum. A constant backgroundcomponent is suppressed in less than less than 3×10−5of the statistics at t=0.

Fig. 3. Schematic ﬁgure of DAQ system.

controls overall of the DAQ and slow-control system
for temperature and magnet.
In summary, the new µSR spectrometer is designed
and being constructed at RIKEN-RAL. The spectrometer installation at Port-4 and commissioning test are
currently underway.
References- 237 -

1) Y. Hirayama, et al.: RIKEN Accel. Rep. 41 (2008).
2) D. Tomono, et al.: Nucl. Inst. Meth. A 600(2009)44.
3) F. Pratt: RIKEN-RAL Report 4(2001)26.

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR study around a quantum critical point in heavy fermion
compounds Ce2 RhIn8−x Snx
K. Ohishi, T. Suzuki, R. H. Heffner,∗1,∗2 T. U. Ito,∗1 W. Higemoto,∗1 and E. D. Bauer,∗2
㻌

∗1
∗2

Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy
AgencyLos Alamos National Laboratory, USA

Frequency [MHz]

25

0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0

20

0.5

1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
Temperature [K]3.0㻌

Corrected Asymmetry [%]㻌Quantum phase transitions have attracted a great
deal of attention on both the theoretical and experimental sides. Such transitions occur at zero temperature as a function of an external parameter (i.e., magnetic field, pressure or impurity concentration) which
drives the system from an ordered to a disorderedstate. Heavy fermion compounds provide the opportunity to study such phenomena since the competition
between ordering (via the RKKY interactions) and disordering (via the Kondo singlet formation) can easily
be experimentally controlled.
The heavy fermion compound Ce2 RhIn8 is known
as an antiferromagnet with TN = 2.8 K.1) Recently, it
has been found that chemical substitution of Sn for In
in Ce2 RhIn8−x Snx depresses TN with a critical concentration of about x ∼ 0.5, suggesting the emergence ofa quantum critical point.2) We have performed muon
spin relaxation (µSR) measurements on several components of Ce2 RhIn8−x Snx in order to investigate theevolution of magnetic order in this system.
In the previous report,3) we summarized the zero
field (ZF)-µSR results with x = 0.5 and 0.7 above
T ≥ 0.3 K. We found that the muon spin relaxation
increased below 0.5 K with x = 0.5, while the muon
spin precession signal was not observed. On the other
hand, there was no increase in the relaxation rate withx = 0.7 at low temperature. In order to study the observed relaxation below 0.5 K with x = 0.5 in detail,we planned to perform ZF-µSR experiments down to
20 mK. However, there was a problem with the dilution refrigerator (DR) so we could not perform µSR
experiments with x = 0.5 and 0.7 samples down to 20
mK. Hence, we changed the plan. Another important
issue is to study the parent material as a reference formicroscopically clarifying the systematic change of internal magnetic field with Sn-substitution. We have
performed µSR experiments on Ce2 RhIn8 at temperatures from 0.3 K to 5.0 K on a single crystal flat platewith the c axis along the muon beam. The µSR measurements were conducted at the RIKEN-RAL Muon
Facility in the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK.
In this report, we present preliminary results.
Figure 1 shows the ZF-µSR time spectra at 3.7 K
and 0.3 K. At higher temperatures above TN , the time
spectra consist of two components, i.e., one showing
slow relaxation Pz (t) due to random local fields from
nuclear magnetic moments, and the other mostly independent of time. More specifically, we have A(t) =0.3K
15
Ce2RhIn8
ZF-µSR
10

0

2

3.7K
4

6

8

10

12

Time [µs]Fig. 1. ZF-µSR time spectra in Ce2 RhIn8 at 3.7 K and
0.3 K. The solid lines are fits as described in the text.
Inset shows the temperature dependence of muon spin
precession frequency below TN . The line is guide forthe eyes.

APz (t) + B, where A and B are the initial µ-e decay asymmetry for the respective component, andPz (t) = exp(−∆2 t2 ) with ∆/γµ being the rms valueof random local field (where γµ = 2π × 135.54 MHz/T
is the muon gyromagnetic ratio). The time spectra were well reproduced by the above formula with
∆  0.214(5) µs−1 which is mostly due to 113,115 In
nuclear moments and is consistent with the previous
results.3) The second “background” component is attributed to the silver sample holder and A/B is estimated to be 0.589(14). For T < TN , we found thatPz (t) = (1 − s) exp(−σ 2 t2 ) cos(2πf t + φ) + s exp(−λt)
reproduces the spectra, where σ and λ are the relaxation rates, f is the muon spin precession frequency
under a local field Hloc , φ is the initial phase and s
is the fraction. As shown in Fig. 1, a clear precession
signal was observed below TN . The volume fractionof the antiferromagnetic component at 0.3 K was estimated to be ∼ 56%. The temperature dependence off is shown in the inset of Fig. 1. The f increases below TN with the development of the internal magnetic
field, while the temperature dependence of s does notshow any change.
References
1) J. D. Thompson et al.: J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 266230, 5 (2001).
2) E. D. Bauer: Unpublished results.
3) K. Ohishi et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41 (2008).

- 238 -1

.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

On the exotic magnetic ground state in bond-disordered quantum spin system
IPA-Cu(Cl,Br)3
T. Goto,*1 T. Suzuki, S. Nakajima,*1 K. Doi,*1 I. Watanabe and H. Manaka*2
0.3 K, where we found that the spin fluctuation slows downwith decreasing temperature [3]. This behavior wasinterpreted as the soft-mode toward a possible magnetic
phase transition at absolute zero such as Bose-glass phase.
The exotic phase was first predicted theoretically by
Fisher et al.[5] as a ground state of disordered Boson
systems in which particles are in a gapless state and still are
localized. The soft mode that corresponds to the Bose
glass is expected to be distributed over a finite region in
q-space, rather than to be restricted in a well-defined
q-point as in conventional structural phase transitions.
The fact that the muon is a local probe allows one to detectsuch an unconventional soft mode.
The present
experiment provides a further evidence of the possibility
that the ground state of the system with x ≤ 0.45 is theBose-glass, which is magnetic and still does not order at
finite temperature.
Next, our observation of no magnetic order with x =0.45 down to 2 K, as shown in Fig. 1, indicates that thepreviously reported value of the quantum critical point xC =0.44 [1] should be modified to be at least larger than 0.45.
0.6
x = 0.40
HLF = 10 Oe

0

−1

10

0.3
0.2

5
0

10−2

λ (µs−1)

A(t) (%)

−1

10

−1

1.5

0.4

15 mK
300 mK15

x = 0.45
HLF = 100 Oe

0.5

λ (µs )10

λ2 (µs )The quantum spin system (CH3)2CHNH3-Cu(ClxBr1−x)3
abbreviated as IPA-Cu(ClxBr1−x)3 is a solid solution of two
and
spin
gap
systems(CH3)2CHNH3-CuCl3(CH3)2CHNH3-CuBr3, whose energy gaps are 14 K and 98
K respectively. So far, macroscopic experiments on thissystem have indicated that it becomes gapless and show amagnetic order at TN=12-18K depending on x only when x
is within the limited region between the two quantum
critical points (QCPs) of xC = 0.44 and 0.87, and otherwise
However, theoreticalit possesses a spin gap [1].
investigation by the quantum Monte Carlo method showedthat the region of x<0.44 should be gapless though theoccurrence of magnetic order is critical [2].
We have investigated by muon spin relaxation (µSR) the
ground state of the two samples with x=0.40 and 0.45,
which straddle the QCP xC=0.44. Experiments were
performed at both RAL and PSI. The incident muon beam
was directed parallel with the b*-axis of aggregation of
crystals which were aligned and set onto the silver
plate[2].The muon spin relaxation in both the samples overthe entire temperature and field region was described by afunction containing two components expressed as
A1GKT(τ, ∆)exp(−t /λ1) + A2exp(−τ/λ2)
where GKT is the Kubo-Toyabe function with parametersof a static field distribution width at the muon site ∆,relaxation rates λ1 and λ2, and component amplitudes A1
and A2. The static field distribution width ∆ was around
0.2 (µs−1), temperature independent within the experimental
resolution, and considered to be due to the nuclear
contribution.
The magnitude of λ2 always exceeded λ1
by more than ten times. These results mean that the
sample is intrinsically in a microscopic phase separation of
the two phases, namely, the magnetic region withmicroscopic island form corresponding to λ2, and thesinglet-like sea, which corresponds to λ1 and surrounds theformer[3]. The amplitude fraction of λ2 was A2 ≈ 10 % in
the sample x=0.40 at 8 K, increased with decreasing
temperature, and reached 0.4 below 4K and stayed constantdown to 15 mK. With x=0.45, A2 reached 0.36 at 2 K.
No muon spin rotation due to a static field by amagnetically ordered phase was observed in either sample.
This fact supports the macroscopic experiments in the
x=0.40 case [1]. However, the relaxation rate of the fastcomponent λ2 significantly increases with decreasing
temperature and reaches an anomalously large value below
1 K. This means that a dynamical spin fluctuation with alarge amplitude remains down to 15 mK. The frequency
spectrum of this spin fluctuation was previously
investigated at RAL in a limited temperature region down to246
τ (µs)

10−1

RAL
PSI

8

100

101

0
0

λ1
λ2

0.5
0 0
10 101 102 103 104
HLF (Oe)

0.1

T (K)

2K

1

5

10
15
T (K)

20

25

Fig. 1 Temperature dependence of the muon spin relaxation
rate λ2 with x=0.40 (left) and 0.45 (right). Insets of theeach figure shows typical relaxation curves and LF
decoupling respectively.
References
1) H. Manaka et al. Phys. Rev. B63, 104408 (2001); ibid B66,
064402 (2002)
2) T. Nakamura, Phys. Rev. B71, 144401 (2005).
3) T. Goto et al. Phys. Rev. B74, 134423 (2006); ibid B78, 054422(2008); K. Kanada et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn., 76, 064706 (2007).
4) M. P. A. Fisher et al., Phys. Rev. 40, 546 (1989).

- 239 -

1
2

Sophia University,
Department of Physics, University of Tokyo

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Microscopic investigation of the crossover from impurity-inducedorder to pressure-induced order in Tl(Cu1−x Mgx )Cl3 by
muon-spin-rotation/relaxation
T. Suzuki, I. Watanabe, F. Yamada,∗1 Y. Ishii, K. Oishi, Risdiana, T. Goto,∗2 and H. Tanaka,∗1[spin gap, impurity, crossover, magnetic order, pressure]

†

∗1
∗2

Condensed from the article submitted to PRL
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Department of Physics, Sophia University(a) TlCu1-xMgxCl3 (x = 0.015)

15 (b) TlCu1-xMgxCl3 (x = 0.015)
LF-µSRT = 2.3 K1000 gauss

ZF-µSRT = 2.3 K

0 kbar
0.525 kbar

A(t) (%)

100.70 kbar

A(t)0.95 kbar
1.5 kbar5

2.0 kbar

ZF

2%

0

0.5

t (µs)

1.0

1.5

0
0

2

4

6
t (µs)

8

10

Fig. 1. (a) Time spectra of the ZF-µSR at 2.3 K underpressures. (b) Time spectra of the LF-µSR at 2.3 K inambient pressure.
500
Hint = ω / γµ (gauss)

In TlCuCl3 system, field-induced magnetic ordering has been investigated extensively, and the obtained results are qualitatively well described by
the magnon Bose-Einstein condensation theory1) .
Pressure-induced magnetic ordering has also been reported in TlCuCl3 . It is reported that the critical pressure Pc is 0.42 kbar, and that the pressure-induced ordered state is an antiferromagnetically ordered stateof which the magnetic structure is the same withthe case of the field-induced phase. In the impurityintroduced Tl(Cu1−x Mgx )Cl3 system, the magnetic
phase transition to an ordered state is observed bymagnetization and specific heat measurements. Recently, Imamura et al. reported the pressure-induced
magnetically ordered phase by magnetization measurements in Tl(Cu1−x Mgx )Cl3 , and concluded thatthe change from the impurity-induced phase to thepressure-induced phase is the crossover2) . In orer toclarify the microscopic difference between magnetic
states induced by pressure and by impurity doping, we
carried out muon-spin-rotation/relaxation (µSR) measurements at the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility using the
newly installed gas-pressurized µSR setup3) .
The magnetic phase transition at ambient pressure
is determined by the magnetization measurement tobe TN = 2.85 K for x = 0.015. Figure 1 (a) shows
Zero-field µSR (ZF-µSR) time spectrum under variouspressures at 2.3 K. Each plot is shifted consecutively
for clarity. All spectra are analyzed using the twocomponent function of A(t) = A1 e−λ1 t cos(ωt + θ) +A2 e−λ2 t Gz (∆, t). The first term is the signal from samples, and the second term is that from the large pressure cell. λ1 and λ2 are the muon-spin-relaxation rate,and ω is the muon-spin-rotation frequency. Gz (∆, t)
is the static Kubo-Toyabe function. The ratio of theamplitude of signal from samples and the pressure cell
A1 /A2 is 0.16. Fitted results are shown in Fig.1 assolid lines. Above 0.5 kbar, the muon-spin-rotation isobserved although no rotational signal is observed inambient pressure. The rotational signal indicates thata long-range coherent ordering appears above 0.5 kbar.
The internal magnetic field Hint at the muon sites are
deduced using the relation of Hint = ω/γµ (open circles
in Fig. 2). To determine whether or not the fast relaxation originates from a static internal magnetic field,

TlCu1-xMgxCl3 (x = 0.015)
ZF-µSRT = 2.3 K

400
300
200
100
0

0

1

2

3

P (kbar)Fig. 2. Pressure dependence of the internal magnetic fieldat muon sites. Dashed line is guide for the eye.

the longitudinal-field muon-spin-relaxation (LF-µSR)
measurements are carried out in ambient pressure using a usual cryostat. Time spectra of LF-µSR at 2.3
K are shown in Fig.1 (b). The typical behavior in thepresence of a static internal magnetic field at the muonsites is observed. By analysing this decoupling patternunder the assumption that Hint has a unique magnitude but random directions to LF, Hint at the muonsites is estimated to be 92 gauss at 2.3 K (a closed
square in Fig.2). Deduced Hint from the rotation frequency and LF data are summarized in Fig. 2. Fromthese results, we conclude that the crossover reported
by Imamura et al.2) is the continuous change from ashort-range order to a long-range coherent order without the quantum critical point.
References
1) T. Nikuni et al. : Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 5868.
2) H. Imamura et al. : Phys. Rev. B 74 (2006) 064423.
3) I. Watanabe et al. : Physica B: Physics of Condensed
Matter (in press).

- 240 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Quantum critical behavior in highly random systems Tl1−x Kx CuCl3
probed by zero- and longitudinal-field muon spin relaxation
T. Suzuki, F. Yamada,∗1 I. Watanabe, T. Goto,∗2 T. Kawamata, and H. Tanaka,∗1[spin gap, magnon, soft mode, randomness]

†
∗1
∗2

Condensed from the article : Phys. Rev. B, 79 (2009)
104409.
Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology
Department of Physics, Sophia University

10(a) Tl1-xKxCuCl3 (x = 0.60)
3

HLF = 3950 G

86

λ (µs-1)

A(t) (%)

In the mixed system Tl1−x Kx CuCl3 , the spatial
randomness of the local chemical potential is introduced through the difference of the value of the dominant intradimer interaction J between TlCuCl3 andKCuCl3 , because J corresponds to the local potential of magnons. Magnetization measurements suggestthat the ground state is a magnetic state with finite
susceptibility in the mixed system in zero field (ZF),
although finite excitation gap remains1) .
Recently, we have reported results of µSR measurements on Tl1−x Kx CuCl3 . As for x = 0.20, the increase
and the saturation of the muon spin relaxation rate
λ were observed at low temperatures, which is possibly a precursor to the Bose-glass phase2) . In the caseof x = 0.44 and 0.58, the increase of λ is observed,
which suggests the slowing down of the frequency of
the Cu-3d spin fluctuations toward a spin frozen state
below 20 mK in contrast to the predicted Bose-glass
phase, and the root-exponential-like behavior of thetime spectrum indicates that the origin of the relaxation is possibly the spatially-fixed fluctuating dilute
moments3,4) . However, the spin dynamics, which isthe frequency spectrum of spin fluctuations, has not
yet been clarified under the conditions that the randomness is enhanced with increasing the concentration of x and that the divergent increase of λ is observed. In order to investigate microscopic dynamicalmagnetic properties in highly random systems, we carried out the zero- and detailed longitudinal-field muon
spin relaxation (ZF- and LF-µSR) measurements in
Tl1−x Kx CuCl3 with x = 0.51 and 0.60 single crystals
at the RIKEN-RAL muon facility.
Figure 1(a) shows the LF-µSR time spectrum ateach temperature in the longitudinal field of 3950
gauss. With decreasing temperature, the time spectrum becomes to show a faster relaxation down to 3
K, however, below 3 K, the spectrum shape goes backto those of higher temperature, i.e., the relaxation becomes slower. To discuss the temperature change ofthe spectrum and the muon spin relaxation rate λ, the
LF-µSR time spectra are analyzed using the stretchedexponential function A(t) = A0 exp(−λt)β . Figure1(b) shows the deduced relative temperature changeof the muon spin relaxation rate λ in each longitudinal field. In 3950 gauss, peak structure in the relative

4(b) Tl1-xKxCuCl3 (x = 0.60)
LF-µSR

2
100 G
1000 G2
0
0

6K
0.29 K
2K
4K
3K

3

1
2000 G
3950 G6t (µs)

9

0
0

2

4
6
T (K)

8

10

Fig. 1. (a) Time spectra of the LF-µSR in 3950 gauss. Solidlines are fitted results. (b) Relative temperature changeof the muon spin relaxation rate λ in each longitudinal
field. Dashed lines are guide for the eye. Each plot is
shifted upward consecutively by 0.5 µs−1 for clarity.

temperature change of λ is observed at T ∼ 3 K. We
have to notice here that a unit of λ is practically anarbitrary unit, because power β shows the large temperature dependence and the change of β affects theabsolute value of λ. Thus, we can only discuss the relative change of λ in this case.
The temperature where the peak is observed decreases with decreasing the magnetic field. The muon
spin relaxation rate λ in the LF corresponds to thewave-vector(q) -integration of the generalized dynamical susceptibility. In other word, the HLF dependenceof λ corresponds to the frequency (ωLF = γµ HLF ) spectrum of spin fluctuations, where γµ is the gyromagnetic
ratio of the muon spin. Therefore, observed peak shift
to lower temperatures with decreasing HLF is the observation of the slowing down of Cu-3d spins fluctuation frequency, and is interpreted as the soft mode ofspin waves toward a possible magnetic phase transition. In the case of x = 0.60, the change of λ saturates in low magnetic fields. This result indicates thatground state at the zero temperature is not magnetic,
and the system is in the vicinity of the quantum criticalpoint.
References
1) A. Oosawa et al. : Phys. Rev. B 65 (2002) 184437.
2) T. Suzuki et al. : J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 75 (2006) 025001.
3) T. Suzuki et al. : J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76 (2007) 074704.
4) T. Suzuki et al. : Physica B 404 (2009) 590-593.

- 241 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Changes of spin dynamics in multiferroic Tb1−x Cax MnO3
A. A. Nugroho,∗1 Risdiana, M. Mufti,∗3 T. T. M. Palstra,∗3 I. Watanabe, and M. O. Tjia∗1

150 K
100 K
70 K
50 K
30 K

5

2
5

0
4

x=0.050x=02

Corrected Asymmetry (%)

10

0

-5
1

2

3

4

5

20

LF-µSR
Tb0.95Ca0.05MnO3

153950 G

102000 G
500 G

5

100 G
0G

0
0

0

1

2

3

Time (µsec)

4

1

2

3

Time (µs)

455Fig. 3. LF-µSR spectra at 10 K for 5% Ca doped TbMnO3

Fig. 1. Temperature dependence of the corrected asymmetric of zero-field fast muon relaxation in TbCa0.05 MnO3 .

was investigated here by a ZF-µSR measurement carried out at various temperatures on the 5% Ca-doped
single crystal at the RIKEN-RAL Facility in UK. The
time spectra in Fig.1 show a fast depolarization behavior around 100 K. With decreasing temperature andhence increasing effective internal field, the initial depolarization process took place at a faster pace andbecame a sharp drop below about 50 K. This meansthat the spin fluctuations of Tb and/or Mn moments inthis sample were weakened with decreasing temperature at a much faster rate as compared to the undoped
case where the depolarization process remains observable at 40 K. This effect was further investigated by themeasurement carried out at 10 K. Figure 2 shows thecomparison between the effects of different Ca doping
concentrations at that temperature. The same behavior is exhibited by the 5% Ca-doped sample at thistemperature in contrast to the flat behaviors shownby the undoped and the 10% Ca-doped samples supposedly associated with homogeneous internal field.
Finally, the measurement was repeated at the same
∗3

10 K

Fig. 2. ZF-µSR spectra of Tb1−x Cax MnO3 with x=0, 0.05
and 0.1 at 10 K.

ZF-µSR
Tb0.95Ca0.05MnO30∗1

ZF-µSR
Tb1-xCaxMnO3

x=0.1

Time (µs)

15

10

4

0

Corrected Asymmetry (%)

Corrected Asymmetry (%)

Recently, an interesting effect was found in the Cadoped TbMnO3 single crystal showing typical responseof relaxor ferroelectric at 5% Ca doping level as revealed by the temperature dependent dielectric response as well as the neutron diffraction measurement
on a single-crystalline sample1) . This relaxor behavior
was suggested to be related to the ferroelectric properties of this material well known to have a magnetic
origin. The effect was further suggested to be associated with the weakening of the next-nearest neighborsuperexchange interactions2) . However, this suggested
weakening decoupling has yet to be observed directly.
The effect of Ca doping on the magnetic ordered state

Corrected Asymmetry (%)[Multiferroic, Relaxor, Ca-doped manganite]

FMIPA, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
Solid State Chemistry, Rijkuniversiteit Groningen, The
Netherlands

temperature in various applied longitudinal fields (LF).
The result presented in Fig.3 clearly shows a magnetic
ordered state at 10 K. Admittedly the correct decoupling field is difficult to estimate from the data becausesome non-intrinsic instrumental effects induced by LF
resulted in unexpected shift in the baseline of the spectrum. However, a comparison of these time spectrawith those obtained at 10K and zero LF, shows thatthe asymmetry lost in ZF was gradually recovered withincreasing LF. However the less than complete recovery seems to indicate that the internal field is too large
for the muon to be decoupled from it even at 4 kG.
We note that no sign of coherent muon-spin precession was observed due to the limited time resolutionof the pulsed muon beam, and additional investigations is needed using the dc muon beam with higher
time resolution. Nevertheless, our current data do suggest the possible appearance of inhomogeneous internal field due to the 5% Ca-doped TbMnO3 , which is
not inconsistent with the inhomogeneous nature of thespin alignment revealed by the neutron scattering measurement1) .
References
1) N. Mufti et al., Phys. Rev. B 78, 24109 (2008)
2) T. Kimura et al., Phys. Rev. B 68, 60403(R) (2003)- 242 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR study of the spin-lattice cooperative phenomenon of RbCoBr3
T. Kawamata, Y. Nishiwaki,∗1 T. Kato∗2 and I. Watanabe[µSR, frustration]
In the frustration system, cooperative phenomena
between diﬀerent degrees of freedom have recentry
attracted interest. RbCoBr3 is on the ABX3 -type
compounds which are well-known frustrated magnets.
ABX3 -type compounds have –BX3 – linear chains ofinﬁnitely connected face-shared BX6 octahedral run
along the c-axis. The chains form an equilateral triangular lattice in the c-plane, forming a triangle pillar.
RbCoBr3 , which shows both magnetic and structural phase transitions, is a new compound in the
ABX3 -type system. Neutron scattering measurement
showed a linear increase in the intensity of the (111)magnetic Bragg peak with decreasing temperature below the ferrimagnetic transition temperature, TN2 ∼31 K.1) This unusual result is successfully reproduced
by a new spin-lattice model proposed by Nakamura etal.2) This model is introduced in the frustration of not
only spin systems but also lattice systems, say ”latticefrustration”. The lattice frustration is new concept todiscuss the structural phase transitions. Accordingly,
RbCoBr3 is a very unique compound with spin andlattice frustration, changing its spin and lattice alignments cooperatively to minimize the energy releasing
frustrations. This study aims to understand the new
spin-lattice cooperative phenomena in RbCoBr3 . TheµSR measurements were performed at the RIKENRAL Muon Facility.
Figure 1 shows the ZF-µSR time spectra of
RbCoBr3 . With decreasing temperature, the depolarization of muon spins becomes fast. Clear muon
spin rotation was observed below the partial disorderedphase transition temperature, TN1 ∼ 37 K. Temperature dependence of the precession frequency obtainedby Fourier analysis of the spectra is shown in Fig. 2.
There are two branches below TN1 , one is the main
component which can be observed down to low temperatures with the saturated frequency of about 4 MHz,and the other has higher frequency but broadens andseems to vanish below TN2 . The behavior of the main
component, which is similar to the temperature dependence of the intensity of the ( 31 13 1) and ( 23 32 1) magnetic Bragg peaks,1) indicates the development of amagnetic ordered state. The broadening of the higher
component is possibly caused by smearing of the muonspin rotation due to the pulsed muon-beam structure
and/or due to the limitations of the time resolution of
detecting system. This is because the frequency of thishigher component is close to the resolution limit of the∗1∗2

Dept. of Physics, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
Faculty of Education, Chiba University

RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility (∼ 6 MHz) with decreasing temperature. However, we deﬁnitely conﬁrmed
through µSR experiments using a dc muon beam at
PSI that the higher component was broadening withdecreasing temperature. The broadening below TN2 is
expected to be caused by the random domain structures due to a structural phase transition at TN2 suggested by the spin-lattice model.2)

Fig. 1. ZF-µSR time spectra of RbCoBr3 .

Fig. 2. Temperature dependence of the precession frequency obtained by Fourier analysis. Open circles indicate the peak center frequency.

References
1) Y. Nishiwaki et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, 104703(2008).
2) T. Nakamura and Y. Nishiwaki: Phys. Rev. B 78,
104422 (2008).

- 243 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR studies on strongly correlated cubic Tm and Pr compoundswith orbital degrees of freedom in the crystal-ﬁeld ground state
H.S. Suzuki,∗1 S. Takagi,∗2 T. Suzuki, I. Watanabe and T. Matsuzaki
our measurement reﬂects the slowing down of ﬂuctuating moments toward T0 .
Fig. 2 shows ZF and LF GZ (t) in PrMg3 at T = 0.28
K. In the case of the non-magnetic CFGS, the hyperﬁne coupling between the nucleus and the Van Vleck
susceptibility introduces the enhancement of the local
magnetic ﬁeld from the nuclear magnetic moments at
low-T3) . As shown in Fig. 2, the experimental results
can be described well up to LF of 200 Oe in terms of the
dynamical Kubo-Toyabe (KT) model with two components, in which the local ﬁelds are hyperﬁne-enhanced.
Here, the two components in GZ (t) are presumed on
the analogy with the results of TmAg2 In with the similar structure to PrMg3 . The hyperﬁne-enhanced factor
used in the dynamical KT analysis is ∼ 9, which iscomparable with calculated one from the van Vleck
term of PrMg3 (∼= 7). These mean the possibility of
indirectly deducing 1/T1 of 141 Pr nucleus from µSR.
The ﬂuctuation rate of the local ﬁeld obtained by the
dynamical KT analysis increases with decreasing-T at
low-T. We may observe the slowing of the ﬂuctuationof the quadrupole moments in 4f electrons through the141
Pr nucleus, of which quadrupoles couple with thoseof 4f electrons. µSR studies to investigate lower-T for
both compounds are proposed in the continuation proposal.
PrMg3

1.0

GZ(t)

Cubic non-Kramers rare earth compounds ofTmAg2 In and PrMg3 exhibit strongly correlated electron behavior characterized by a huge broad anomaly
in T-dependence of the speciﬁc heat below 1 K1) . The
crystal ﬁeld ground states (CFGS) in both have orbital
degrees of freedom, invoking that multipoles in CFGS
are possibly related to their strongly correlated electron behaviors. Especially, the non-Kramers CFGS
doublet Γ 3 for PrMg3 has no magnetic dipoles but
electric quadrupoles and a magnetic octupole. In thisstudy, we intend to clarify the ground state properties
and the low energy dynamics at low-T by utilizing theµSR technique. µSR measurements were carried out
using AUGUS spectrometer at RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility. The ZF and LF spin relaxation function GZ (t)was measured on the single crystals with the initial µ+spin polarization Pµ+ along the cubic [001] axis.
For TmAg2 In, GZ (t) at low-T was found to be ﬁtted quite well by the two components exponential relaxation as GZ (t) = A1 exp(−λ1 t) + A2 exp(−λ2 t) witha ratio of A1 : A2 = 2 : 1 and λ1 � λ2 . As shownin Fig. 1, λ1 exhibits a strong T-dependence, while
λ2 is almost T-independent. At high-T, λ1 ≈ λ2 andthe two components are not well discriminated. Under LF, the exponential relaxation is found not to be
decoupled easily indicating the electric origin of the relaxation. Most probable stopping sites are (1/4, 1/4, 0)
and its equivalent sites, which are the same as in theisomorphous compound of SmAg2 In determined by TFµSR2) . Recent speciﬁc heat measurement at ultra lowT has revealed a phase transition at T0 = 0.22 K, suggesting that the increase of λ1 down to the lowest-T of

T = 0.28 K

0.5
LF 200 Oe
LF 100 Oe
LF 50 Oe
LF 20 Oe
ZF

5-1

λ (µsec )4

TmAg2In
λ1
λ2

3

0.0

10
-1

2

0
0.1

Fig. 2. ZF and LF depolarization of µ+ in PrMg3 at T =0.28K. The solid lines denote the calculated results interms of dynamical Kubo-Toyabe model.
2

4

6 8

1

2

4

6 8

10

2

4

6 8

100

T (K)

Fig. 1. T-dependence of the zero-ﬁeld µ
λ1 and λ2 in TmAg2 In.
∗25Time (µsec )

1

∗1

0

References+

relaxation rate1) H. Tanida et al. : J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 75, 073705 (2006)
2) T. Ito: Doctor thesis (2008)
3) D.E. MacLaughlin et al.: Phy. Rev. B 61, 555 (2000)

National Institute for Materials Science
Physics Department, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku
University- 244 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR study of heat transport due to spins in 2-leg spin-ladder system
Ca9 La5 Cu24 O41
T. Kawamata, I. Watanabe, T. Suzuki, Y. Tanabe∗1 and Y. Koike∗1[µSR, heat transport due to spins]
In several low-dimensional quantum spin systems,
it has been reported recently that the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity exhibits
anisotropic peaks or shoulders. In the 2-leg spin laddersystem Ca9 La5 Cu24 O41 , for example, the temperaturedependence of thermal conductivity along the c-axis
parallel to the leg of the spin ladder exhibits a verylarge peak around 150 K.1,2) Some argue that the large
peak is attributable to the thermal conductivity due tomagnetic excitations, namely, the thermal conductivity due to spins. This suggestion is only supported bya few studies of the anisotropy and nonmagnetic impurities eﬀects of the thermal conductivity. Therefore,
the anisotropic behaviors of the heat transport due tospins have not yet been directly proved. In this study,
we try to detect the change in spin dynamics causedby heat transport due to spins on 2-leg spin-ladder systems Ca9 La5 Cu24 O41 from µSR.
We performed the µSR experiments at the RIKENRAL Muon Facility at T = 150 K with and without atemperature diﬀerence, ∆T = 10 K, along the c-axis.
Three rectangular single-crystals of Ca9 La5 Cu24 O41 ,with dimensions of ∼ 1 mm thickness, ∼ 10 mm widthand ∼ 30 mm length, were mounted on our own sample
holder as shown in Fig. 1. One side of the singlecrystals was set on a silver plate as a heat sink andthe opposite side was set on a silver plate with chip
resistances as heaters. The ∆T across the samples wasmeasured with several Cernox thermometers.
The inset of Fig. 2 shows the typical µSR time spectra in the longitudinal ﬁelds (LF) up to 3950 G withand without ∆T along the c-axis. The time spectra in
low ﬁelds up to a few tens G are driven by the ﬂuctuation of the nuclear dipoles, because the initial part of
the time spectra decays with a Gaussian-like function.
On the other hand, it is expected that time spectra inhigh ﬁelds are aﬀected by the ﬂuctuation of the Cu-3d
spins, because the internal ﬁeld can not be decoupledeven by a high LF of 3950 G. All of the time spectra
were analyzed using the function A0 exp(−λt)GKT (t),where A0 is the initial asymmetry, λ is the relaxation
rate of the muon spin polarization and GKT (t) is thestatic Kubo-Toyabe function.3) The λ in low ﬁelds andhigh ﬁelds is expected to correspond to the ﬂuctuating ﬁeld created by the nuclear dipoles and the Cu-3d
spins, respectively. Figure 2 shows the ﬁeld dependence of λ with and without ∆T . The values of λ withand without ∆T are almost the same. This shows that∗1changes in the ﬂuctuation of the Cu-3d spins due toheat transport are not detected by µSR. The possible
reasons are: (1) ﬂuctuation occurring too fast due tolarge exchange interaction, J, and/or (2) short mean
free path of magnetic excitations due to diﬀusive heattransport in Ca9 La5 Cu24 O41 . For conclusive results,
it will be nesessary to perform an experiment on a
S = 1/2 antiferromagnetic spin system with small J,
where the heat transport due to spins is ballistic.

Fig. 1. Sample holder for measurements under temperature
gradient.

Fig. 2. Field dependence of relaxation rate, λ, with andwithout temperature diﬀerence, ∆T = 10 K, at T =150 K. Heat current, Q, ﬂows along the c-axis. The
inset shows the µSR time spectra of Ca9 La5 Cu24 O41
under the longitudinal ﬁelds with and without ∆T at
T = 150 K.

References
1) K. Kudo et al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 70, 437 (2001).
2) C. Hess et al.: Phys. Rev. B 64, 184305 (2001).
3) R. Kubo and T. Toyabe: in Magnetic Resonance andRelaxation, edited by R. Blinc (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1967) p. 810.

Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University- 245 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR study of Heusler compounds Ru2−x Fex CrSi
M. Hiroi,∗1 T. Hisamatsu,∗1 T. Suzuki K. Oishi Y. Ishii and I. WatanabeA(t) = A1 exp(−λ1 t) + A2 exp(−λ2 t),(1)

where Ai and λi (λ1 > λ2 ) are initial asymmetry andRu1.9Fe0.1CrSi
A(t)=A1exp(-ǳ1t)+A2exp(-ǳ2t)

A(t)(%)

15

50K 40K

35K

30K 4.3K

LF-ǴSR

16K

0

2

4

6

8

6
5

100

101

102

103

HLF(Oe)Fig. 2. Longitudinal field HLF dependence of A2 at 4.3 K.
The best fit by formula (2) is shown by the solid line.

muon spin relaxation rate for each component, respectively. As shown in Fig. 1 the time spectra are fitted
well by Eq. (1). With decreasing temperature the initial asymmetry A(0) decreases and becomes smallest
at ∼ 16 K. This behavior suggests the developments ofa static internal filed.
In order to examine if this behavior originates froma static internal field, LF-µSR measurements were carried out at 4.3 K under longitudinal magnetic field HLF
up to 3950 Oe. These time spectra are also well fitted
by Eq. (1). The tail of the spectra increases with increasing HLF . These results mean that the observed
depolarization of muon spins is caused by a static internal magnetic field Hint . Figure 2 shows HLF dependence of A2 at 4.3 K. This represents the decouple ofmuon spins from Hint by HLF . On the assumption thatthe magnitude of the internal field at each muon site is
unique but its direction is random, Hint was estimatedby the following formula:
A2 =

20K

Ru1.9Fe0.1CrSi

4

10

1
(x2 − 1)2 (x + 1)2
3
− 2+
ln
,
4 4x
16x3
(x − 1)2(2)

where x = HLF /Hint . The solid line of Fig. 2 is thebest fit of Eq. (2) and Hint ∼ 2100 Oe was evaluated.
The present results shows the existence of a staticinternal field in Ru1.9 Fe0.1 CrSi at low temperatures.
This is consistent with observed remarkable irreversibility in the magnetic susceptibility below ∼ 15 K,
which indicates a spin glass state.

5

10

t(Ǵs)

References

Fig. 1. ZF-µSR spectra of Ru1.9 Fe0.1 CrSi at various temperatures. Solid lines are the fit of A1 exp(−λ1 t) +A2 exp(−λ2 t).
∗1

7 T=4.3K

A2(%)

Recently magnetic properties of the Heusler compounds Ru2−x Fex CrSi were studied.1) It was foundthat the Fe-rich compounds are ferromagnetic. On
the other hand the Ru-rich compounds with x = 0.1
were found not to be ferromagnetic but to show a peakin magnetic susceptibility at 30 K which is likely toindicate an antiferromagnetic transition. Meanwhile,
no anomaly in resistivity and specific heat to indicate
phase transition was found. Moreover below ∼ 15 K
separation of the magnetic susceptibility between zerofield cooling and field cooling process was found. Thisbehavior suggests the appearance of a spin glass state.
In order to clarify if a magnetic order develops ornot, zero-field (ZF) µSR and longitudinal-field (LF)
µSR measurements were performed for polycrystalline
Ru1.9 Fe0.1 CrSi. The measurements were carried out at
the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility using a spin-polarized
single-pulse positive surface muon beam. The time
spectra, namely, the time evolution of the asymmetry
parameters A(t) was measured down to 4.3 K.
Figure 1 shows ZF-µSR time spectra of Ru1.9 Fe0.1 CrSi
at various temperatures. Spectra below 40 K appear
to consist of two components and their A(t) seem tobe expressed as1) M. Hiroi, K. Matsuda, and T. Rokkaku, Phys. Rev. B.
76 132401 (2007) .

Department of Physics, Kagoshima University- 246 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Superconductivity in one-dimensional CuO double chains
F. Ishikawa,∗1 Yuh Yamada,∗2 A. Matsushita∗3 I. Watanabe, T. Suzuki, and T. Matsuzaki

300 K
200 K

Normalized asymmetry

100 K
50 K
30 K
20 K
16 K
14 K
12 K
10 K
8K
6.5 K
5K
Annealed (SC)As sintered (Normal)
0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0 0.0
Time [µs]

0.5

1.0

1.5

∗3

400
300
200

Annealed
As-sintered

100
0

0

10

20
30
Temperature [K]4050

Fig. 2. Temperature dependence of the internal ﬁeld in theas-sintered and the annealed Pr247 samples.

hours at 673 K in vacuum. The annealed sample withoxygen deﬁciency δ= 0.38 has a superconducting temperature Tc of 22 K with the superconductive volume
fraction of 60%. Figure 1 shows zero-ﬁeld µSR spectraon as-sintered and annealed samples of Pr247. Muon
spin rotation is observed in both samples. However,
the rotation signal of the as-sintered sample, whichshows no superconductivity, is somewhat larger thanthat of the superconductive annealed sample.
Temperature dependence of the internal ﬁeld isshown in Fig. 2. Below 16 K, the internal ﬁeld of theas-sintered sample increased rapidly, while that of theannealed sample exhibited only a small change. We
also measured another superconductive annealed sample, which has Tc = 14 K with the superconducting
volume fraction of 1.8%. In this sample, the proﬁle oftemperature dependence of the internal ﬁeld is similar to that of the as-sintered sample. The increase in
the internal ﬁeld at low temperature is probably due
to the magnetic ordering of Pr below the Néel temperature. These results indicate that suppression of themagnetic ordering of Pr has a close relationship withthe appearance of superconductivity of Pr247.
References

The as-sintered sample examined in this study exhibits no superconductivity. We prepared an annealed
sample by annealing the as-sintered sample for 72

∗2

500

2.0

Fig. 1. Zero-ﬁeld µSR spectra of the as-sintered and theannealed samples of Pr247.

∗1

600

Internal field [G]One of the most famous high-temperature superconductors discovered so far is YBa2 Cu3 O7−δ . When the
Y-sites were replaced by diﬀerent lanthanides, Pr alone
showed neither superconductivity nor a metallic nature despite retaining a crystalline structure, whereas
all the other elements showed superconducting transition temperatures of approximately 90 K. Thus, “Prissues” were of particular interest in this research fromthe start.
The Pr2 Ba4 Cu7 O15−δ (Pr247) compound has both
CuO double chains and CuO single chains, and shows
metallic conductivity at low temperatures due tometallic conduction in the CuO double chains. Recently, we found that Pr247 compounds show superconductivity below 18 K after a reduction process by
post-annealing in a vacuum.1,2) A nuclear quadrupole
resonance experiment revealed that the superconductivity in Pr247 is realized at the CuO double-chain
layers.3) We performed µSR experiments on superconductive and non-superconductive samples of Pr247 toobtain information on the superconductivity on Pr247.

1) M. Matsukawa, Yuh Yamada, M. Chiba, H. Ogasawara,
T. Shibata, A. Matsushita and Y. Takano: Physica C
411, 101 (2004).
2) Yuh Yamada, A. Matsushita: Physica C 426-431, 213(2005) .
3) S. Watanabe, Y. Yamada and S. Sasaki: Physica C 426431, 473 (2005).

Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University
Department of Physics, Niigata University
NIMS- 247 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR study on ferromagnetism of rubidium clusters in zeolite A†
T. C. Duan,∗1 T. Nakano,∗1 J. Matsumoto,∗1 R. Suehiro,∗1 I. Watanabe, T. Suzuki, T. Kawamata, A. Amato,∗2
F. L. Pratt,∗3 and Y. Nozue∗1
Alkali metal nanoclusters can be generated in the
periodically arrayed spaces of zeolite crystals. Magnetically ordered states have been found in these systems
without any magnetic elements1,2) . Recently, we have
newly found ferromagnetic properties in Rb clusters inzeolite A3) . The mechanism of ferromagnetism seems
diﬀerent from that of K clusters.
Zeolite A has the LTA-type framework structure
as shown in Fig. 1, where the α and β cages withthe respective inside diameters of � 11 and � 7 Åare alternatively arrayed in a CsCl structure. We
used a highly Rb-exchanged zeolite A with chemical
formula of Rb11 K1 Al12 Si12 O48 , where the host alkali
cations (K+ , Rb+ ) are distributed in the space of zeolite framework (Al12 Si12 O48 ). By loading guest Rb
atoms into dehydrated zeolites the 5s-electrons of theadsorbed Rb atoms are shared among guest Rb+ andhost cations, and conﬁned in the zeolite cages to form
Rb clusters. Rb clusters show ferromagnetic properties
at loading densities (the number of guest Rb atoms per
formula unit), n, larger than 4.03) . At these high values of n, Rb clusters are in metallic state and clusters
formed in both α and β cages3) . The basic properties of
Rb clusters are diﬀerent from that of K clusters where
the clusters are formed only in the α cages and theferromagnetic property is explained by spin-canting of
antiferromagnetism in an insulating state. For Rb clusters, a model of ferrimagnetism has been proposed3) .
In order to investigate the ferromagnetic properties indetail, we performed µSR measurements at RIKENRAL for Rb clusters in zeolite A with n = 5.8. This
sample has the highest Curie temperature, T C ∼ 5 K.
The internal ﬁeld is conﬁrmed to be almost static in
LF-µSR spectra below � 4 K. At T ≤ 6 K, ZF-µSR
spectra were ﬁtted with a function sum of an exponential and a precession component

at lower temperature, similar to that of spontaneous
magnetization. At T ∼ 4 K, B int � ∆B int reﬂects thebreakdown of magnetic ordered state near TC . The
ratio of the relaxation term to the total asymmetry,(A1 +A2 )/(A1 +A2 +B), is estimated to be ∼ 0.6. Thisvalue is high enough that the magnetic phase is in major part of the volume sample. K clusters in zeolite
A are known to show very fast muon spin relaxation
with an anomalous LF-dependence. This behavior isstrongly related to the spin-canting mechanism. In the
Rb clusters, however, such fast relaxation was not observed. This may indicate the diﬀerent mechanism offerromagnetism from that of K clusters.

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the crystal structure ofzeolite A.

P (t) = A1 exp (−λ1 t)+A2 exp (−λ2 t) cos ωt+B, (1)where A1 and λ1 are the relaxation amplitude and themuon spin depolarization rate of the exponential component, and A2 , λ2 and ω are the the relaxation amplitude, the damping and the frequency of the muon
spin precession component, respectively. The centerand the distribution width of the internal ﬁeld, B int
and ∆B int , respectively, are estimated from ω and λ2 .
Figure 2 shows temperature dependence of λ1 , B int
and ∆B int . The exponential component dominates the
decay, and the relaxation rate λ1 obviously increases
†

∗1
∗2
∗3

Condensed from the article in Physica B 404, 634 (2009).
Department of Physics, Osaka University
Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK

Fig. 2. Temperature dependence of muon spin relaxation
rate, center and width of the internal ﬁeld obtained
from ZF-µSR for Rb clusters in zeolite A with n = 5.8.

References
1) Y. Nozue et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3789 (1992).
2) V. I. Srdanov et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2449 (1998).
3) T. C. Duan et al.: J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 310, 1013
(2007); e-J. Surf. Sci. Nanotech. 5, 6 (2007).

- 248 -1

.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

PSR Investigation of the Spin Dynamics of Central Fe Ions of Hemeproteins
I. Watanabe, A. Kikuchi, T. Suzuki, T. Kawamata, A. Stoykov, ＊1 and R. Scheuermann,＊1
The main purpose of this study is to discover hints about
relationships between the local structures of the centralheme (Fe-protoporphyrin IX) and the functions ofhemeproteins, which the largest single class ofmetalloproteins. Functions of hemeproteins are known to be
not only to their 3D protein structures but also to theelectronic state around their central Fe ions. In many cases,
the electronic state of the central Fe ion is very sensitive totiny changes in the surrounding protein environment. Thus,
investigations of the electronic state of the central Fe ionsfrom the microscopic viewpoint are quite important tounderstand functions of hemeproteins [1,2]. In order tosimplify the study and avoid difficulties due to complexityof the protein environment, we have prepared Fe-porphyrin
complexes as simple models of hemeproteins for the
proposed PSR experiment.
In 2008, we obtained 6 days beam time at the ALC
experimental area of the Paul-Scherrer Institut (PSI) in
Switzerland to investigate the electronic states of themodel-complexes of hemeproteins. This reports the resultsof the first attempt to investigate the electronic state ofFe(TPP)X (X= Imidazole, Cl) using high-field PSR
measurements.
Figure 1 shows the samples prepared for the present
PSR investitgation. Sample-(a) is Fe(TPP)(Imidazole)2(TPP=tetraphenylporphyrin) and sample-(b) is Fe(TPP)Cl.
The difference between the samples is the local structurearound Fe spin. That is, there is a difference in the numberof molecules attached to the central Fe ion. Valence valuesof Fe ions in samples is Fe(III). We applied high-field PSR
to these two model samples at room temperature up to 4.5 T
using the ALC superconducting magnet in order to observe
the dynamics of the Fe(III) ion.
Figure 2 shows high-field PSR time spectra of eachmodel complex at room temperature. Under the zero-field
condition, both samples showed strong depolarization
behavior due to the strong fluctuations of Fe spins. As thefield was increased up to the maximum of 4.5 T, the fast
depolarization behavior recovered. The simple exponentialfunction, A0e-Ot, was applied to analyze time spectra. The
solid lines in Fig. 2 are the best-fit results using this analysis
function. Figure 3 shows the LF dependence of thedepolarization rate, O, of each sample. The O tends to be
suppressed with increasing LF above about 2 T and there
seems to be a cut-off in O near the maximum field of 4.5 T.
In order to obtain more detailed information on thefluctuating internal field at the muon site, the Redfield
function was applied to the field dependence of O [3].
The solid lines in Fig. 3-(a) and (b) are the best-fit＊1

Bulk Muon Group, PSI, Villigen, Switzerland.

results using the Redfield function. As shown in Fig. 3-(a)and (b), the internal field at the muon site which is comingfrom the fluctuating Fe spins was of the order of 2 kG and
its frequency was around 400 MHz. Interestingly, nodifference was observed in the values of the internal field at
the muon site or its fluctuation rate. This means that the
dynamics of the central Fe spin are not affected by the axial
ligands.
We aplan to continue these measurements using othermodel samples which have different local structures andvalence values of the central Fe spin in order to gather more
information about the dynamics of the central Fe spin.
(a)

(b)

Figure 1: Model samples used in the current high-field PSR study;(a) is Fe(TPP)(Imidazole)2 and (b) is Fe(TPP)Cl.

(a)

(b)

Figure 2: High-field PSR time spectra of (a) Fe(TPP)(Imidazole)2and (b) Fe(TPP)Cl obtained at various fields up to 4.5 T.

(a)

(b)

Figure 3: Field dependence of the dynamic muon-spin
depolarization rate, O, in (a) Fe(TPP)(Imidazole)2 and (b)Fe(TPP)Cl. The solid lines are the best-fit results using the
Redfield formula.
References1)C. More et al., Biospectroscopy S 3-18 (1999) 5.
2) U. Gonser et al. , Science 143,680 - 681, (1964).
3)C. P. Slichter, Principles of Magnetic Resonance(Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heiderberg, 1978, 1990).

ヘムタンパクレポート（最終提出版）.doc- 249 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Structural transition in Mo3 Sb7 probed by muon spin relaxation†
H. Nakamura,∗1 Y. Tabata,∗1 T. Koyama,∗2 T. Kohara,∗2 and I. Watanabe[structural transition, valence bond crystal, frustration]

†
∗1
∗2













 

A metallic compound Mo3 Sb7 , with the cubic Ir3 Ge7type structure (space group Im3̄m), is a superconductor with a critical temperature Tc � 2.1 K. The Mo
sublattice (12e) is the 3D network of Mo-Mo dumbbells formed by nearest neighbors (NN). Next-nearestneighbor (NNN) bonds form an octahedral cage at the
body-centered position. The suﬃciently short NN distance (3.0 Å) compared with the NNN distance (4.6 Å)makes us anticipate easy dimerization between NN
pairs. Recently, Candolﬁ et al.1) recognized Mo3 Sb7
as an itinerant electron magnet and suggested the coexistence of superconductivity and spin ﬂuctuations.
Although no phase transition other than that at Tc
was noticed in Ref. 1, Tran et al.2) recently reported
the presence of another phase transition at TS � 50
K, and proposed spin gap formation associated with
Mo-Mo dimerization. Thus Mo3 Sb7 is now classiﬁed
as a new material with another phase transition prior
to superconductivity. We have found clear evidenceof the symmetry breakdown at TS ; a drastic change
in the nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectrum
and strong enhancement of the nuclear magnetic relaxation rates, 1/T2 and 1/T1 3) . X-ray analysis revealed
that this is crystal symmetry transition from cubic totetragonal3) .
To determine the magnetic state below TS , we performed zero-ﬁeld (ZF) and longitudinal-ﬁeld (LF) µSR
measurements at the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility using a pulsed positive surface muon beam at 5–150 K
under ﬁelds of 0 and 20 G3,4) . We found no evidenceof magnetic order, in accordance with the spin-singlet
formation suggested in Ref. 2. The feature of ZF relaxation shows Gaussian-like depolarization both below and above TS , as shown in the inset of Fig. 1. The
width of the static ﬁeld distribution ∆ estimated byﬁtting the data to the commonly used damped KuboToyabe (KT) function is suﬃciently small of ∆/γµ ∼ 1
G (γµ the muon gyromagnetic ratio), which is attributed to dipolar ﬁelds coming from randomly oriented nuclear spins. As seen in Fig. 1, with increasing temperature passing through TS , the width of theﬁeld distribution ∆/γµ is reduced from ∼2.1 to ∼0.5 G
via a thermal excitation process with activation energyof Ea /kB � 120 K. We interpreted this temperaturedependence as the motional narrowing of the nuclear
dipolar ﬁeld associated with the lattice dynamics from




























Fig. 1. T dependence of the ZF Kubo-Toyabe relaxation
rate ∆ in Mo3 Sb7 . Inset shows typical examples of
ZF-µSR spectra. Solid curves indicate the ﬁt by thedamped KT function. (Cited from Ref. 3.)

tetragonal to cubic.
By applying LF, the Gaussian term is decoupled;
the time evolution is roughly described by the single
exponential functions as Pµ (t) = exp(−λt) where λ is
the relaxation rate. The relaxation rate λ shows a divergent behavior at TS , which is qualitatively same asthat of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 estimated in 121 Sb-NQR experiment3) , although the enhancement of NQR-1/T1 at ∼TS looks much stronger.
The critical behavior suggests that the phase transition is triggered by the instability in the Mo electronicsystem.
Thus, the temperature dependence of ∆ estimatedin ZF-µSR, corresponding to the nuclear spin-spin interaction, is relatively moderate and is attributed tothe atomic motion in the three-dimensional crystal.
On the other hand, the LF relaxation rate at ∼TS isdominated by the critical phenomenon probably in theelectronic system. Taking account of these facts, we
propose long-range order of spin-singlet dimers, i.e.,
the formation of the valence bond crystal below TS ,possibly due to the frustration of interdimer antiferromagnetic interaction.
References

Condensed from the articles in Refs. 3 and 4, and published
in RIKEN Research
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto
University
Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo- 250 -

1) C. Candolﬁ et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 037006 (2007).
2) V. H. Tran, W. Miiller, Z. Bukowski, Phys. Rev. Lett.
100, 137004 (2008).
3) T. Koyama et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 126404 (2008).
4) Y. Tabata et al., Physica B 404, 746 (2009).

1 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Dynamics of Amorphous Polymers near Glass Transition by µSR
T. Kanaya,1 R. Inoue,1 I. Watanabe,2 T. Matsuzaki,2
We have studied the dynamics of two glass-forming
polymers (polybutadiene (PB) and polyisobuylene (PIB)) ina temperature range from 10 to 300 K using µSR covering
the glass transition temperature Tg. PB and PIB havemolecular weight and polydispersity of Mw= 200,000,
Mw/Mn=1.2 and Mw=800,000, Mw/Mn=2, respectively.
The glass transition temperatures Tg are180 K and 200K,
respectively. The µSR measurements were done at the
RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility. The temperature range of themeasurements was 10 to 300 K for both the samples.
Figure 1 shows decays of asymmetry for PB and PIB at
300 K under longitudinal magnetic field of 100 G. The
decays of PB were described in a single exponentialfunction in the temperature range examined while those of
PIB showed an additional slow decay component at hightemperatures above ~200K. At the moment the origin of
the slow component is not clear. We analyzed the decays
fitting a single exponential function to the data. In one
fitting procedure all parameters were free, and in anotherprocedure we assumed the intensity of asymmetry was
independent of temperature. The temperature dependence

Figure 2. Temperature dependence of decay rate for PB.
Solid curve was drawn by eye.
of the decay rate evaluated in both the procedures areshown in Figure 2 for PB. In the Figure, the open symbols
show the results of the free parameter fits. The decay rate(or relaxation rate) begins to increase steeply withtemperature above about the glass transition temperature Tg(~180K), showing that the glass transition is clearlyobserved in the µSR experiment. This agrees with thepreviously reported data by Pratt et al.[1].
In atemperature range below ~80 K the results of the two fitting
procedures are very different. We see a maximum of the
decay rate at around 40 K in the free parameter fits.
However, when the amplitude of asymmetry is fixed, thedecay rate monotonously increases with temperature.
Judging from the previous data obtained by other methods
such as inelastic neutron scattering [2], the monotonous
increase in the decay rate is more physically reasonable.
Hence, we employed the results obtained when the intensityof asymmetry was fixed. In the result the temperaturedependence of the decay rate changes at around 100-120 K.
This temperature corresponds to the onset temperature of
the so-called pico-second fast process (Tf), which was
revealed in inelastic neutron scattering [2].
This
observation strongly suggests that we can detect polymer
motion in pico-second order in µSR measurements as well
as motion in micro-second at Tg.

References

Figure 1.
12

Decays of symmetry for PB and PIB at 100K.

1) F. L. Pratt et al., Physica B 326, 34 (2003) and references
herein.
2) T. Kanaya and K. Kaji, Adv. Polym. Sci., 154, 87 (2001).

Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
RIKEN

RIKEN_MUON_Kanaya3.doc- 251 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Muon spin rotation and relaxation on the one-dimensional
cobalt(II)-radical coordination polymer magnet
Takayuki Ishida,＊1 Yoshitomo Okamura,＊1 and Isao Watanabe
The first single-chain magnet [Co(hfac)2•AnNN] wasdiscovered by Gatteschi et al.1) (see Fig. 1a with R = CH3).
The single-chain magnet nature is identified with magnetic
hysteresis from a single-chain origin without any interchaininteraction. On the other hand, we have reported the record
coercivity (HC = 52 kOe at 6 K) for [Co(hfac)2•BPNN](abbreviated hereafter as CoBPNN, R = n-C4H9).2) The
phase diagram of CoBPNN was empirically depicted as: ahard magnet for T  10 K and a soft magnet for 10 K < T 
45 K. Although a long-range order is likely to occur before
it behaves as a hard magnet, no direct evidence forlong-range order has yet been obtained, and the temperature
at which the long-range order takes place still remains inquestion.
The PSR measurements on CoBPNN were carried out at
the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility in the UK. Fig. 1b shows
the ZF-PSR of CoBPNN. Above 28 K, monotonicallydecreasing relaxation curves were obtained, whichcorresponds to a paramagnetic phase. Upon cooling, thesignal became the superposition of slow and fast relaxing
signals. Below 28 K, a few cycles were found for t  0.5 Ps.
The appearance of oscillation due to the muon Larmor
precession clearly indicates the presence of an appreciableinternal magnetic field due to a spontaneous magnetization.
The coherency of the rotation implies a magneticallyordered state. The small amplitude of the oscillation may berelated with the size of the magnetic domain.
(a)

(b)

Fig. 1. (a) Structural formula of CoBPNN. (b) Temperaturedependence of ZF-PSR time spectra on CoBPNN in atemperature range from 40 K to 5 K.
We investigated detailed muon-spin relaxation in a wide
temperature range to clarify whether the long-range orderwould take place at 28 K or somewhere else. The time
spectra below 90 K were analyzed based on the following
equation consisting of two components, A(t) =Afast(0)exp(–Ofastt) + Aslow(0)exp(–Oslowt). The relaxation rate

constant (Ofast) and the total initial asymmetry A(0) areplotted as a function of temperature (Fig. 2). A sharp cuspof Ofast was found at 40 K and a plateau of A(0) below 40 K.
An extremely slow decay and a constant A(0) imply
completely frozen systems such as magnetically orderedsystems. The temperature at the O divergence is usually
defined as a magnetic transition temperature. In ourprevious report,2) an apparent magnetic phase transition
temperature of CoBPNN was estimated to be 45 K, whichcorresponds to 40 K in the present experiments. The present
value is more reliable because the experiments wereconducted at zero-field.

Fig. 2. Muon-spin relaxation in the ZF-PSR on CoBPNN.
Temperature dependence for the rate constant Ofast and total
initial asymmetry A(0) (= Afast(0) + Aslow(0)).
Analysis according to the Arrhenius equation, ln(2SQ) =–ln(W0) – Ea/kBT, gave Ea/kB = 350 K and̓W0 = 6.8u10–13 sobtained from the ac susceptibility measurements whosetime scale was 100 – 10–4 s.2) The temperature at which the
dynamic process is sufficiently slow that Q = 10–4 Hz (i.e.,Wbecomes hours) is 10 K from the extrapolation of thisequation, which corresponds to the critical temperature forthe hard magnet behavior. Similarly, if the dynamic process
is assumed to be as fast as Q = 106 Hz, the freezing
temperature would rise to 28 K. This calculation perfectly
agrees with the PSR results. The temperature of 10 or 28 K
is not essential for the magnetic ground state. On cooling,
the magnetic hardness gradually grows in a unique phase
below 40 K, which can be defined as the intrinsic magnetic
phase transition temperature.
References

1) A. Caneschi, D. Gatteschi, N. Lalioti, C. Sangregorio, R.
Sessoli, G. Venturi, A. Vindigni, A. Rettori, M. G. Pini, and M.
A. Novak: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 40, 1760 (2001).
2) N. Ishii, Y. Okamura, S. Chiba, T. Nogami, and T. Ishida: J.
Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 24 (2008).

Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, The University ofElectro-Communications＊1- 252 -

.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Gas-Pressurized PSR Setup at the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility
I. Watanabe, Y. Ishii, T. Suzuki, T. Kawamata, and F.L. Pratt＊1

Pressure is an important parameter which allows theinvestigation of novel electronic states of solid-statematerials. Since the muon-spin-relaxation (PSR) method
can sense magnetic properties of materials in the zero-field(ZF) condition, the demand for a high-pressure PSR
technique has been increasing recently in order to study
magnetic properties and ground states of materials such asorganic conductors and strongly correlated systems. The
RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility is the only current facility
which can provide a high-momentum double-pulsed muon
beam up to 120 MeV/c.1) Thus, the development of ahigh-pressure PSR setup for the RIKEN-RAL Muon
Facility is very important in offering a new experimental
technique to PSR users working in materials science. The
RIKEN PSR team has been collaborating with the ISIS
high-pressure group at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory(RAL) since 2005 in the development of a gas-pressurized
high-pressure PSR setup. A gas-pressurized setup has theparticular advantage over a clamp cell design in being able
to change the pressure continuously without any change inthe other sample conditions. This report provides detailed
information on the design and development of thehigh-pressure system.
We finished the assembly of a high-pressure cell, ahigh-pressure pump and an intensifier in April 2008 andtested the system at the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility.2) Thisis the first report on the test of the gas-pressurized systemwith a real muon beam at RAL. Designed values andphotographs of each component have been reported alreadyin the RIKEN Accel. Rep. Prog. Rep. 2006.3)
In order to confirm the signal-to-noise ratio (SN ratio) of
the high-pressure set up, powdered Fe2O3 was mounted in
the cell and measured at room temperature. Iron moments in
Fe2O3 show an antiferromagnetically ordered state at room
temperature. The appearance of a strong internal field at themuon site from the ordered iron moments causes the fast
depolarization of the muon spin within the time resolutionof the detecting system. Accordingly, the muon-spin
asymmetry is lost when the injected muons stop in the
Fe2O3 powder.
Figure 1 shows the momentum dependence of A0, themuon-spin asymmetry at t=0, measured in a transverse field(TF) of 20 G. The high-pressure cell used for this test wasmade of CuBe and has a flat wall, 8 mm thick, for the
injection of the muon beam. This cell can be used up to the
maximum pressure of 6.4 kbar.2,3) High-momentum
backward-decay muons were tuned from 80 MeV/c to 100
MeV/c. Time spectra have been analyzed by using thefunction A(t) = A0G(',t)cos(Zt+I) for the time evolution＊1of the precessing part of the muon-spin asymmetry, where
G(',t) is a Gaussian-shape damping factor of the muon-spin
precession with a damping rate of '. The Z and I are thefrequency and phase of the muon-spin precession,respectively. The A0 is about 25 % at 80 MeV/c and shows asudden drop at around 89 MeV/c with increasing the muon
momentum. The appearance of this sudden decrease of A0means that injected muons pass through the muon windowand stop at the sample position. Using the Lorentz-type
fitting function the position of the minimum point of thesudden dip was determined to be 88.9 MeV/c. The SN ratio
was estimated from the depth of the dip of A0 to be about
1:5. This means that about 1/6 of the injected muons stop at
the sample position. Other signals come from thehigh-pressure cell. This SN value was not so bad and thesignal from the sample was measurable. Thus, the current
test using muon beams has proved that this system can beapplied to real PSR at the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility.
The asymmetry baseline decreases gradually withincreasing momentum. The injected muons stop in deeper
places of the cell when the momentum increases. In thiscase, the thickness of the wall of the cell seen from themuon toward the downstream side becomes thinner. Then,the absorption rate of positrons emitted from muons by thewall of the cell becomes smaller. This effect makes the total
asymmetry smaller, because the backward-decay muon spin
is directed to the downstream side of the muon path and thefraction of low-momentum positrons which have lower
asymmetry increases at the forward counters located at thedownstream side.

Fig. 1. Muon momentum dependence of the amplitude of themuon-spin precession in TF of 20 G measured at room
temperature. The high-pressure cell was filled with Fe2O3.
References

1) K. Nagamine et al.: Hyperfine Interact. 87, 1091 (1994).
2) I. Watanabe et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 2006.
3) I. Watanabe et al.: Physica C (in press).

Muon Group, ISIS, Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, UK.

高圧レポート（最終提出版）.doc- 253 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)High pressure magnetic study on a molecular conductor,(DMe-DCNQI)2 Cu
Y. Ishii, I. Watanabe, T. Suzuki, T. Kawamata, T. Matsuzaki and R. Kato

Fig. 2. Zero-field µSR time spectra of (DMe-DCNQI)2 Cu
at 500 bar for selected temperatures.

18

0/%

A series of anion radical salts, (DCNQI)2 Cu, where
DCNQI is N, N -dicyanoquinonediimine, have been extensively investigated because of their peculiar physical phenomena such as heavy-fermion-like behavior
and the Metal-Insulator transition1) . The hybridization between the wide 1D 2pπ bands and the narrow
3d bands is a key factor in understanding electronic
properties of these systems. One of these salts, (DMeDCNQI)2 Cu, (DMe-DCNQI = 2,5-dimethyl-DCNQI)
has an unusual pressure-temperature (P -T ) phase diagram (Fig. 1). At ambient pressure, this material shows metallic behavior down to 450 mK. Peculiar to (DMe-DCNQI)2 Cu, an insulating phase is induced by the application of pressure higher than 100bar2) . This unusual P -T phase diagram can be reproduced by the chemical pressure effect using selectively
deuterated compounds3) . The fully deuterated sampleof (DMe-DCNQI)2Cu, in which the chemical pressure
corresponds to 512 bar, exhibits the antiferromagnetic
ordering below 8 K4) .
Recently, we have developed a high-pressure µSR
setup for the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility5) and successfully observed a sign of pressure-induced magnetic ordering of (DMe-DCNQI)2 Cu, which was predicted by the chemical pressure study, using this highpressure setup.
Figure 2 shows typical zero-field µSR time spectra
at 500 bar. At a low-temperature of 2 K, significant
decrease of initial asymmetry due to a static magnetic

16

14
DMe-DCNQI2Cu
500 bar
12

0

5

10

15

T/K

Fig. 3. Temperature dependence of a total relaxing A0 .

ordering is observed. The spectra are well fitted witha function: P (t) = A0 exp(−λt) · GKT (∆, t) + B, where
A0 is a total relaxation, λ is a muon relaxation rate,
GKT (∆, t) is Kubo-Toyabe function, ∆ is the distribution width of the internal field due to the nuclear
dipoles and B is temperature independent background.
Temperature dependence of A0 is shown in fig. 3. As
shown in fig. 3, the decrease of A0 is observed below 8
K, which indicates this compound is an antiferromagnet with TN = 8 K. This TN value is consistent withthe chemical pressure study.
References

Fig. 1. Pressure - Temperature phase diagrams of (DMeDCNQI)2 Cu. The inset shows the magnification aroundthe low-pressure region.

1) H. Kobayashi et al.: Phys. Rev. B 47 3500 (1993).
2) S. Tomic et al.: J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 21 L203
(1988).
3) R. Kato et al.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 73 515 (2000).
4) M. Tamura et al.: Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 271 13 (1995).
5) I. Watanabe et al.: Phys. B In Press.

- 254 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR Studies of Cyanide Bridged Magnets†
F. Pratt,∗1 S. Ohira-Kawamura,∗2 W. Kaneko,∗3 M. Ohba,∗3 S. Kitagawa,∗3 S. Blundell,∗4 T. Lancaster,∗4 andI. Watanabe
NiFe(dipn)

MnMn(dien)= 0.43(2)= 0.50(4)3D
ferromagnet

Anisotropic
ferrimagnet

3D cubic
ferrimagnet

1
w = 1.26(5)w = 0.24(4)0.1

w = 0.64(3)
0.01

0.1

1

0.01

0.1

t

Tc
8.5 K
25 K
12.5 K
21 K

Structure
3D network
Cubic
Rope-ladder
LayeredRacemic(T) ( s )

-1

-1

0.6
0.4

†

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Condensed from the article in Physica Bnn, xxxx (2009)
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK
Ochanomizu University
University of Kyoto
University of Oxford, UK

w = 0.46(4)
0.3

0.2
0.1

Rac-pn0.0

Rac-pnChiralChiral1

0.4

0.0

w = 0.10

-1

0.6

0.2

When L is a chiral ligand, non-collinear interactions
may be enhanced and magnetic ordering and magnetic
fluctuations with well-defined chirality may be possible. This was investigated for MnMn(L) where L is oneof two chiral enantiomers R-pn and S-pn or a racemic
1:1 mixture of R-pn and S-pn (Rac-pn)4) . The results
for the ZF relaxation are shown in Fig.2 where a clear
difference in behaviour is observed: in the racemic
case the exponent w is found to be consistent with
the N=2 non-collinear class, whereas in the chiral casea crossover to a weaker exponent is observed when T
falls within 10% of Tc . Chiral spin correlations within
the N=2 non-collinear class are expected to have themuch weaker exponent w = 0.10, compared to w = 0.4

11(T) ( s )

SB
1/2
1
1/2
1

0.1

t

Racemic
0.8(T) ( s )

SA
1
5/2
1
5/2

0.01

Fig. 1. Critical properties of some cyanide bridged magnets
obtained from ZF µSR.

-1

NiFe(dipn)
MnMn(dien)
NiFe(en)MnMn(R,S-pn)

1

t

0.8

Table 1. The cyanide-bridged magnets studied here.

NiFe(en)= 0.28(2)0.3-1(T) ( s )f(T) / f(0)1(T) ( s )Molecular magnets form a broad class of materials1) that can often be engineered to have desired
properties by careful chemical control. An example
is the series of molecular magnets of the basic form
[MA (L)2 ]3 [MB (CN )6 ]2 , abbeviated as MA MB (L), in
which the crystal structure is strongly influenced by
the nature of the amine derivative ligands L2) , leading to a range of 1D, 2D and 3D magnetic structures.
µSR investigations of the relationship between the critical properties and the structural arrangement of theconstituents have been made for various examples ofthese molecular magnets at RIKEN-RAL and PSI.
Some properties of the four cyanide-bridged magnets
on which we report µSR results here are listed in Table 1. Example data plots for the critical behaviour ofthe first three materials are shown in Fig.1. The muon
precession frequency f (T ) follows f (T )/f (0) = tβ andthe longitudinal muon spin relaxation rate λ(T ) follows λ(T )/λ(0) = t−w , where t = |T − Tc |/Tc . Fromthe measured critical behaviour the 3D ferromagnet
NiFe(dipn)3) is seen to conform reasonably well to
the Heisenberg model, whereas the cubic ferrimagnet
MnMn(dien) has a significantly lower w value reflecting
its antiferromagnetic nature. NiFe(en) has an unusual
highly anisotropic rope-ladder structure and is seen tohave critical behaviour closer to the Ising model.

S-pn
R-pn
20

22

24

26

T (K)

0.3

w = 0.46

S-pn
R-pn

0.1
28

30

32

0.01

0.1

1

t

Fig. 2. Paramagnetic critical behaviour for MnMn(L) with
racemic (L=Rac-pn) and chiral (L=R-pn,S-pn) ligands.

for normal spin correlations within the same class5) .
The data therefore suggest that such chiral spin correlations become dominant near the transition in thecase of the chiral compounds.
References
1) S.J. Blundell and F.L. Pratt, J. Phys.:Condens. Matter
16 (2004) R771.
2) M Ohba and H. Okawa, Coord. Chem. Rev. 198 (2000)
313.
3) N. Yanai et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129 (2007) 3496.
4) W. Kaneko et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129 (2007) 248.
5) H. Kawamura, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 61 (1992) 1299.

- 255 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)µSR study of structure dependent electron radical dynamics inpolythiophene and its derivatives
Risdiana,∗1 Fitrilawati,∗2 R. Hidayat,∗3 and I. Watanabe∗1

A(t) = A1 exp(−λ1 t) + A2 exp(−λ2 t)

reﬂects the dimensionality of the diﬀusion of the spinexcited state. That is, the depolarization rate is proportional to H−0.5 for 1 dimensional intra-chain diﬀusion and C-H0.5 for 3 dimensional inter-chain diﬀusion.
Figure 1 shows the longitudinal-ﬁeld (LF) dependence of the muon-spin depolarization rate (λ1 ) ofregio-regular polythiophene of Poly(3-hexylthiophene2,5-diyl) at temperatures of 300 K and 10 K. The solidline is the best ﬁt, using the diﬀusion model mentioned above. In low temperatures of 10 K, the depolarization rate reﬂected intra-chain diﬀusion, meaningthat at low temperatures the charge transport is dominated by mobility along (intra) the polymer chain.
With increasing temperature, the charge carrier mobility changes from intra-chain to an inter-chain diffusion one. Similar behaviors are also observed at an
LF dependence of λ2 . However the values of λ2 are
two order magnitude smaller than that of λ1 indicating that the contributions of the second component to
the muon spin relaxation are very small compared tothe ﬁrst component. The present results indicate thatthe dimensional cross over is observed in the regioregular polythiophene. Compared to other conducting
polymers such as PANI and PPV2) , observation of dimensional cross over in the low temperatures indicatedthat the samples have more metallic behavior.
To obtain conclusive results, other polythiophenesamples with diﬀerent structures such as regio-random
polythiophene and the polythiophene with diﬀerent
length of side groups should be used for the µSR measurements.
References
1) M. A. Butler et al., : J. Chem. Phys. 64 (1976) 3592.
2) F. L. Pratt: J. Phys. Condens. Matter 16 (2004) S4779.

Regioregular PT
101

(1)

∗2
∗3

The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN)
Department of Physics, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia
Department of Physics, Bandung Institute of Technology,
Indonesia

λ ~ HLF

- 0.5

100

λ ~ C - H LF

A1 and A2 are the initial asymmetries and λ1 and λ2
are the depolarization rates for fast and slow components, respectively. According to Butler et al.,1) , the
LF dependence of the dynamical depolarization rate
∗1

10 K

-1

λ1 (µ sec )The study of electronic states of organic materials of
conducting polymers is one of exciting ﬁelds of material science worldwide because of their novel electronic
properties and their functional applications. Amongthe materials being intensively studied are polythiophene (PT) based polymers. Compared with other systems of conducting polymers, the polythiophene form
an important class with certain practical advantages.
These include : they are easily synthesized and dopedwith various dopants; they are chemically, thermallyand environmentally stable in air and moisture bothin doped and undoped states; they are easily modiﬁed
by side change substitution for property modiﬁcations
and they have potential commercial applications.
The most notable properties of these materials are
their electrical conductivity resulting from the delocalization of electrons in the polymer backbone via doping
to the conjugated π-orbital. These properties are related to the charge carrier transport and its mobility
along (intra) and perpendicular (inter) to the polymer
chain.
The macroscopic electronic transport measurementof conducting study conducted on PT reported thatthe functional properties of these polymers depend
strongly on their structures such as regio-regularity(regio-random or regio-regular) and the side-chain
length of its alkyl substituent. However, none of thereported studies can clearly explain the properties because of the mechanism of the intra- and inter-chain
charge transport.
Here, we propose to study the microscopic intrinsic
charge transport along the chain and perpendicular tothe chain in polythiopene (PT) based polymers with
diﬀerent structures by a muon-spin-relaxation (µSR)
method to elucidate the intra- and inter-chain hopping
mechanism.
We have carried out longitudinal ﬁeld (LF)- µSR
measurements in a polythiophene sample of Poly(3hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) with regio-regular structure.
All of the time spectra are well ﬁtted by the twocomponent function below:

0.5

10-1

300 K
100

101

102

103

104

HLF (Gauss)

Fig. 1. The longitudinal-ﬁeld dependence of λ1 of regioregular polythiophene (PT) of Poly(3-hexylthiophene2,5-diyl) at 10 K and 300 K.

- 256 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Lithium and muon diffusion in layered lithium-ion battery materials
K. Mukai,∗1 J. Sugiyama,∗1 H. Nozaki,∗1 M. Månsson,∗2 I. Watanabe,∗3 K. Ariyoshi,∗4 and T. Ohuzku∗4[muon, lithium-ion battery, diffusion]
Lithium cobalt dioxide LiCoO2 , in which the Li+plane is sandwiched by the two adjacent CoO2 layers,
has been extensively studied as a positive electrodematerial of lithium-ion batteries (LIB)1) . In order toincrease/optimize the performance of the LIB, fundamental electrochemical properties should be given
for all the LIB materials. Among them, the Li diffusion constant (DLi ) plays a significant role on thebattery performance. For non-magnetic compounds,
DLi is usually determined by 7 Li-NMR. However, forthe positive electrode material such as LiCoO2 2) andLiMn2 O4 3) , since the spin-lattice relaxation rate of7
Li-NMR is strongly affected by the 3d electron-spins,
it is difficult to estimate the correct DLi by 7 Li-NMR.
Therefore, we have carried out the µSR experiments
in order to examine the DLi for the LIB materials.
Powder samples of Lix CoO2 were prepared by anelectrochemical reaction between Li and LiCoO2 in
non-aqueous Li-ion cells. According to an ICP-AES
analysis, the Li/Co ratios of the samples were determined to be 0.73 and 0.53. For the µSR experiments,
powder samples were packed in a sealed aluminum
sample cell in a He-filled glove-box, and then placedon a copper sample holder in a cryostat. The µSR
spectra were measured in the surface muon beam lineof the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility at the ISIS.
The µSR spectra above 50 K for the Lix CoO2 samples with x = 0.73 and 0.53 were well fitted by a dynamic Kubo-Toyabe function GDGKT ;above 150 K is, therefore, most unlikely due to µ diffusion but is likely due to Li+ diffusion. In other words, νcorresponds to the jumping rate of Li+ ions. The selfself
is, therefore, estimated by adiffusion coefficient DLi
self= N Zs2 ν, where N
simple random walk model; DLi
is the number of Li sites, Z the vacancy fraction, ands the jump distance. Using the jump distance of ∼ 0.2
nm (the nearest distance between Li-Li ions, i.e. latticeself
is estimated to be about 10−10
parameter of ah ), DLi
cm2 s−1 at 250 K. This value is larger by two order ofmagnitude than that from the 7 Li-NMR and is comparable with that of electrochemical measurement4) .

A0 PZF (t) = AKT GDGKT (t, ∆, ν) exp(−λKT t)+ABG , (1)where A0 is the empirical maximum muon decay asymmetry, AKT and λKT are the asymmetry and relaxation rate of the Kubo-Toyabe signal, ∆ is the static
width of the local frequencies at the disordered sites,and ν is the field fluctuation rate. As T increases
from 50 K, ∆ for the both samples decreases monotonically up to 160 K, and then rapidly drops around
170 K [Fig. 1(a)]. The ν(T ) curves indicate an Arrhenius behavior in the T range between 170 and 320
K [Fig. 1(b)]. Although there are no magnetic transitions above 100 K by our previous µSR for Lix CoO2 ,the χ(T ) curves show a small anomaly around 160 K[Fig. 1(c)]. Furthermore, electrostatic potential calculations suggested that µ are not located at the vacantLi site but at the vicinity of O−
2 ions. The increase in ν
∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4

Toyota Central Research and Development Labs., Inc.
Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, PSI
Muon Science Laboratory, RIKEN
Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka City University

Fig. 1. Temperature dependences of (a) field distribution
width (∆), (b) field fluctuation rate (ν), and (c) susceptibility (χ) measured in the zero field-cooling (ZFC)
and field-cooling (FC) mode with H = 100 Oe, for the
Lix CoO2 with x = 0.73 and 0.53.

References
1) K. Mizushima et al.; Mater. Res. Bull. 15, 783 (1980).
2) K. Nakamura et al.; Solid State Ionics 135, 143 (2000).
3) V. M. J. Verhoeven et al.; Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 4314
(2001).
4) A. Van der Ven and G. Ceder; Electrochem. Solid-State
Lett. 3, 301 (2000).

- 257 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Proton conductor II†
H. Nozaki, 1 Y. Ikedo, 2 J. Sugiyama, 1 M. Kawasumi, 1 and I. Watanabe[Proton di&usion, fuel cell]Peruorinated sulfonic acid copolymers (F-polymers)such as Naon are currently being used as an electrolyte for vehicle fuel cells (FC). However, these FC
do not work above 373 K (100H C) because Naon issu^ciently conductive only when it contains enoughwater. Therefore, we need to develop a new electrolytewith high proton conductivity which does not use water, in order to improve FC performance. In our previous SR experiments, we measured several F-polymers
with various sulfonic acid densities (Ds ).1,2) The result
suggested that + s di&use by thermally activated process, and their activation energy (Ea ) decreases withincreasing Ds . In other words, higher Ds result in
lower Ea ; that is, an F-polymer which works under
dry conditions can be realized if we increase Ds above
the critical value (Dc = 4.47 × 103 eq/cm3 ). Here,Dc is dened as the value at which Ea = 0. Unfortunately, it is di^cult to synthesize F-polymers with
Ds  Dc . Among several proton-conducting polymers,a hydrocarbon (HC) -polymer is one candidate for an
FC electrolyte. Here, we report + SR results on the
HC-polymer to study the relationship between proton
conducting behavior and Ds .
HC-polymer lms based on sulfonated poly ether
ether keton (PEEK) were dried in an Ar-lled globebox at 110H C for 12 hours. Then the several lms with 24 mm diameter were stacked in a sealed sample cellFig. 1. Relationship between Ds and activation energy Ea
for HC- and F-polymers. The dashed lines calculated by
the least square method. Dc is dened as the crossing
point of the horizontal axis and dashed line.
1
2

Toyota Central Research and Development Labs. Inc.
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization

made of titanium with a gold o-ring at Toyota CRDL,
and then the cell was transferred to the UK and set
onto the oven sample holder. The + SR experiment
was carried out on the ARGUS surface muon beamline
at the RIKEN Muon Facility at ISIS in the temperature range between 300 and 500 K.
According to the longitudinal eld (LF) - SR measurements, it was found that 70  80% of + produce muonium. But the remaining 20  30% provided
an exponentially relaxing signal in zero external eld(ZF), which is thought to be caused by + di&usion
between the nearest neighboring SO3 groups. Therefore, the ZF- SR spectrum was tted with the following equation;
A0 PZF (t) = Afast exp( fast t)+ Aslow exp( slow t),(1)

where A0 is the empirical maximum muon decay asymmetry, Afast and Aslow are the asymmetries associatedwith the two components, and fast and slow are theirrelaxation rates. In Eq. (1), the rst term corresponds
to the signal from muonium, while the second term
corresponds to the signal from + di&usion. Typical fast and slow values were 6  7 (106 s1 ) and0.05  0.16 (106 s1 ), respectively. fast has no temperature (T ) dependency within the error bar, favoringproduction of muonium. The T dependence of slow isfound to obey the Arrhenius law described by Eq. (2)above 300 K, indicating the existence of a thermally
activated process, as in the case for the F-polymer.
µ
¶
Ea
(2)
slow = A exp kTwhere A, Ea and k are the pre-exponential factor, activation energy and Boltzmann constant, respectively.
The Ds dependence of Ea is shown in Fig. 1. Ea for
the HC-polymer decreases systematically with increasing Ds . This is very reasonable due to the fact thatthe average hopping distance shortens with increasing Ds . Interestingly, when Ds is same, Ea for the
HC-polymer is almost half the Ea of the F-polymer.
Furthermore, the Dc of HC-polymer is estimated tobe 3.04 × 103 eq/cm3 which is lower than that ofF-polymer. This suggests that HC-polymers may be
a better material for a proton conducting electrolyte
without water.
References
1) J. Sugiyama et al.: KEK-MSL Report 2004, 20 (2004).
2) J. Sugiyama et al.: Riken-RAL Muon Facility Report
6, 62 (2004-2006).

- 258 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42
42 ((2009)
2009)

Muon transfer studies in solid D2 with implanted alkali andalkaline-earth ionsP. Strasser,∗1 A. Taniguchi,∗2 S. Ohya,∗3 T. Matsuzaki, K. Ishida, Y. Matsuda,∗4 M. Iwasaki, and
K. Nagamine∗5[Muonic atom spectroscopy, solid hydrogen ﬁlm, ion implantation]
We have proposed the cold hydrogen ﬁlm method
to expand muonic atom spectroscopy by utilizing
nuclear beams, including, in the future, radioactive
isotope (RI) beams, to produce radioactive muonicatoms. This method will enable the study of unstable
nuclei by the muonic X-ray method at facilities where
both intense µ− and RI beams will be available. The
basic concept is to stop both µ− and nuclear beams
simultaneously in a solid hydrogen ﬁlm, followed by
the application of the direct muon transfer reaction tohigher Z nuclei to form radioactive muonic atoms. An
experimental program to perform muonic X-ray spectroscopy with stable ions implanted in a solid hydrogen(H2 /D2 ) ﬁlm has been initiated at the RIKEN-RAL
muon facility.
Promising results have already been reported fromthe ﬁrst transfer experiment performed with isotopically separated 88 Sr and 86 Sr ions using a new surface
ion source constructed and installed on the existingµA* apparatus with the aim of using radioactive isotopes in the future.2) It can produce ions from alkali
and alkaline-earth elements with high eﬃciency.
Last year we conducted further experiments andmeasured a target with isotopically separated 87 Srions. We utilized the same procedure as that usedpreviously to implant argon and strontium ions. Figure 1 shows the delayed energy spectrum measured by
the Ge detector with 1-mm pure D2 and 87 Sr (solidline) ions implanted non-uniformly. The ﬁtting curves
obtained previously with 88 Sr (dotted line) and 86 Sr(dashed line) are also shown. A preliminary analysis
shows that the measured isotope shifts are consistent
with those observed in previous experiments using enriched strontium isotopes in very large quantities. This
experiment was performed using natural strontium oxide (SrO) in the ion source, and only about 4 × 1016
ions of 87 Sr ions in the target. The set of measurements with strontium isotope ions is now completed.
The data are being analyzed, and a publication should
follow shortly.
The ﬁrst measurement with barium isotopes was also
performed with isotopically separated 138 Ba ions implanted into 1-mm thick solid deuterium ﬁlm in a way
similar to that used with strontium isotopes. Trans-



1)

∗1
∗2
∗3
∗4
∗5

Muon Science Laboratory, IMSS, KEK
Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University
Department of Physics, Niigata University
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo
University of California Riverside, CA, USA

















































Fig. 1. Muonic 87 Sr delayed energy spectrum (solid line).
Fitting curves for µ88 Sr (dotted line) and µ86 Sr (dashedline) measured previously are also shown.










































Fig. 2. Muonic 138 Ba delayed energy spectrum.

fer X-rays were successfully observed at around 4 MeV(see Fig. 2). The energies of muonic X-rays increase
rapidly with the atomic number resulting in low detection eﬃciency. Our measurements are consistent
with previous experiments performed using enriched
Ba isotopes. The energy calibration is determined frommuonic Pb X-rays at around 6 MeV measured in a separate run.
These experiments are still performed with a relatively large number of implanted ions because of therelatively low µ− beam intensity at a momentum of 27
MeV/c. Future muon facilities with higher muon ﬂux
would require fewer implanted ions. Further measurements are planned with rare-earth elements.
References- 259 -

1) P. Strasser et al.: AIP Conf. Proc. 793, 242 (2005).
2) P. Strasser et al.: RIKEN Acc. Prog. Rep. 41 (2007).

1㩷㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷

Feasible study of molecular effects on the muon transfer process

K. Ninomiya䋪1, R. Nakagaki䋪1, K. Kubo䋪2, Y. Kobayashi, K. Ishida, T. Matsuzaki, H. Matsumura䋪3, T. Miura䋪3and A. Shinohara䋪1
It is known that the muon capture phenomenon is
influenced by the electron structure of a muon capturingmolecule or atom when a free muon is captured on a muon
atomic orbit directly. Our group has been studying on themolecular effects on the formation process of muonicatoms.
In this study, we focused on another muonic atom
formation process; the muon transfer process. A muonichydrogen atom (ȝ-p) has a neutron-like property because of
its small muon atomic orbit. So, it can penetrate the electron
clouds of other atoms and the atomic muon then transfers to
the deeper atomic muon level of the atom. Thisphenomenon is known as a “muon transfer process”. In amuon transfer process, no molecular effects have beenreported. We expect that some effects from valence
electrons and/or molecular structure also exist in the muontransfer process because the size of muonic hydrogen ismuch larger than that of a neutron and the muon istransferred to an excited (i.e., large) muon atomic orbit.
We are going to study the molecular effects on the muontransfer process from muonic X-ray measurements forvarious molecules. If there are some influences on the muontransfer reaction from the electron structures of muon
capturing molecules, different muonic X-ray spectra will beobtained from two samples that contain the same elements
but have different molecular structures. We constructed a
new system for muonic X-ray measurement (Fig. 1) at
port-1 in RIKEN-RAL1). The feasibility of X-ray
measurement was studied with argon, hydrogen and mixtureof these gases under the pulsed muon beam conditions.
First, the optimum measuring conditions; muon
momentum, beamline magnet current, beam slits, themagnetic field in target position, sample gas pressures (10or 30 bar) and the configuration of radiation shield, werestudied by using argon gas samples. Muonic X-ray
measurements for pure argon samples were carried out
under the optimized measuring conditions, to obtain themuonic X-ray spectra for the direct muon capture process.
We also determined optimum muon irradiation momentum
for mixed gases (hydrogen 99.7% and argon 0.3%) by using
pure hydrogen gas samples, and then carried out muonic
X-ray measurements for the mixed gas samples. The
obtained X-ray spectra for argon and mixed gas samples areshown in Fig 2. Obvious differences in X-ray spectra were
found. For example, the ratio of ȝAr(3-1) to ȝAr(2-1) X-ray

intensity in a mixed gas sample (0.19 ± 0.05) is larger thanthat in a pure argon sample (0.05 ± 0.01). In the mixed gas
samples, muonic argon X-rays were mainly detected in atime region delayed from the muon beam pulse because thetransfer process occurs after muonic hydrogen formation.
We determined the lifetime of muonic hydrogen atoms
experimentally from timing spectra of muonic argon X-rays(170 ± 130 ns for 10 bar and 90 ± 60 ns for 30 bar).These
X-ray intensities and lifetimes reproduce the results of PSI
experiment well2).
In this study, we successfully obtained muonic X-ray
spectra from muonic argon formed through a muon transfer
process for 10 and 30 bar conditions. As the next step, weare planning to construct further effective systems (forexample, by using more X-ray detectors) and use molecular
gas samples for muon irradiations to examine the moleculareffects on the muon transfer process

Graduate School of Science, Osaka University
Division of Natural Sciences, International Christian University
䋪3
Radiation Research Center, High Energy Accelerator Research
Organization

References
1) T. Matsuzaki, et.al., Nucl. Inst. Meth. A465 (2001) 365
2) R. Jacot-Guillarmod, et. al., Phys. Rev., A55 (1997) 3447

䋪1
䋪2

Fig. 1. Schematic view of the measuring system at port-1.

Fig. 2. Muonic X-ray spectra for Ar and H2+Ar in 10 bar.
The numbers in parenthesis represents the change in themuon principal quantum number. The sample chambers
were made of aluminum and stainless steel. As a result
muonic aluminum X-rays and gamma-rays from iron werealso detected.

RIKEN-report_double(167)6.doc- 260 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Muon beam density enhancement eﬀect with tapered tubes
D. Tomono, T.M. Kojima, T. Ikeda, K. Ishida, Y. Iwai, M. Iwasaki, Y. Kanazawa∗1 , Y. Matsuda∗2 , T.
Matsuzaki, and Y. Yamazaki∗3
Charged particles can be eﬀectively focused by a tapered glass tube, which deﬂects them at the inner wall
surface and guides them to its outlet. Previous experiments conﬁrmed this eﬀect with a glass capillary for
2 MeV He+ ions1) and for 8 keV Ar8+ ions2) . Our recent experiment3) at RIKEN-RAL showed that a beam
density of 54 MeV/c muons can be increased almost bya factor of two, when a tapered glass tube is inserted
coaxially along the muon beam. This can be explainedby a Coulomb scattering on the inner wall. This observation suggests a possibility exists to increase the number of available muons by optimizing the inner shapeof collimators. For the practical application of µSR
and other muon studies, detailed study of the density
enhancement mechanism was performed using a continuous muon beam at TRIUMF, Canada.
The present experiment aims to understand two issues. One is to examine kinematics, such as kinetic
energy distribution and angular distribution of theoutcoming beam through tapered tubes, although at
RIKEN-RAL, only the number of outcoming muons
was measured due to the pulsed nature of the muon
beam. The other is to observe the material dependence of the enhancement eﬀects. Because of the larger
reﬂection coeﬃcient of the Coulomb scattering in aheavy material, Monte Carlo simulation shows thattapered tubes made of heavy materials, such as copper and gold, give larger density enhancement thanglass tube. For simplicity, 1-dimensional scattering effects were measured using glass, Cu and Au-coated Cu
plates rather than their tubes.
Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the setup at theM9B beam line, TRIUMF. All components are placedin a vacuum chamber so that low energy muons around
40 MeV/c cannot scatter or stop in the air. The incoming muon is identiﬁed by a 0.5 mm thick plastic scintillator (S1). A pair of vertical plates at a slightly narrowing angle are mounted around the beam axis, wheresome muons are scattered downstream, resulting in the
beam being focused on a detector position. Muons
stopped at the plates decay into positrons, which are
identiﬁed by 5 mm thick plastic scintillators (S2-S7)
surrounding the plates. The outcoming muon energy ismeasured by a 5mm thick and 16 mmφ lithium driftedsilicon detector (SSD, ORTEC TL-045-200-5). Plastic scintillators (S8, S9) are surrounded to monitor
decay positrons which come from muons stopped in
SSD. Angular dependence of the muon energy distri∗1∗2∗3

Fig. 1. A schematic view of the setup at M9B beam line.

Fig. 2. A beam proﬁle observed by the array counter of
5 mm segments, which is set 100 mm downstream ofthe plates outlet. The dashed line shows the outlet
width.

bution is observed by SSD rotated around the outlet ofplates. Angular dependence of the number of muons isobserved by an array counter instead of SSD. It consists of 16 scintillators of 10 mm length and 5 mm
square aligned in the vertical direction, and covers 10
× 80 mm2 area in total. The SSD or array is mounted
10 mm or 100 mm downstream of the outlet. The
5 mm thick large plastic scintillator (S10) is mounted
downstream to identify muons which do not stop at
SSD, array or any counters.
Figure 2 shows a preliminary result of the beam proﬁle observed by the array counter set 100 mm downstream of the outlet when the Cu plates are placed at
the center. It shows that most muons are focused at
the outlet although some muons are scattered wider
than the outlet width of 20 mm.
In summary, we performed the test experiment toobserve beam density enhancement with various tapered plates made of metals and glass instead of thetapered glass tube. Accumulated data in the last beamtime is being analyzed at present. The next beam timeis scheduled in June in order to complete this measurement.
References

Department of Physics, Sophia University
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo
RIKEN and Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, University of Tokyo- 261 -

1) T. Nebiki, et. al.: J. Vac. Sci. Tech. A 21(2003)1671.
2) T. Ikeda, et. al.: Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(2006)163502.
3) T.M. Kojima, et. al.: J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 76(2007)093501.

1

3.

Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Precision measurement of the half-life of 90m Nb using a gas-jet
transport system
H. Kikunaga,∗1 H. Fujisawa,∗1 W. Yahagi,∗1 K. Ooe,∗1 R. Takayama,∗1 A. Shinohara,∗1
Y. Kasamatsu,∗2 Y. Ezaki H. Haba K. Hirose,∗3 and T. Ohtsuki∗3

Co(1407 keV)
Mn(1434 keV)
52m

Nb(1270 keV)
Nb(2319 keV; DE)
90g

Nb(1612 keV) 54m

90g

101
100

0

500

1000

1500

E / keVFig. 1. Gamma-ray spectrum measured for 300 s after 180s aerosol collection.
∗1
∗2
∗3

continuously transported to the chemistry laboratory.
The reaction products were collected on a glass ﬁlter
for 180 s and assayed by γ-ray spectrometry with a HPGe semiconductor detector. The accumulation of γ-ray
spectrum for 1 min was started 1 min after the endof aerosol collection and then repeated 30 times successively. Next, the reaction products were deposited
on a polyethylene terephthalate ﬁlm to measure thehalf-life of 90m Nb in 20 M HF. After deposition for 30s, they were dissolved in 20 M HF and subjected to
γ-ray spectrometry. The accumulation of γ-ray spectrum for 6 s was started within 1 min after the endof the aerosol deposition and then repeated 15 times
successively. In order to achieve adequate statisticalprecision, the procedure was repeated 120 times. The
half-lives of 90m Nb were determined by the reference
source method4) using 137 Cs as a reference source.
A γ-ray spectrum measured for 5 min after the 180s aerosol collection is shown in Fig. 1. The γ peaksof 90g Nb (T1/2 = 14.6 h), 90m Nb, 52m Mn (21.1 min),54m
Co (1.48 min), 64 Ga (2.63 min), and 91m Y (49.7
min) are observed in the spectrum. The γ-peak of
90m
Nb at 122 keV is clearly separated from the peak of
90g
Nb at 133 keV, which is the closest to that of 90m Nb.
No serious background was observed in the γ-ray spectrum for determination of the half-life of 90m Nb.
In the latter experiment, the γ peaks derived fromthe nuclear reaction products were observed only for
90m,g
Nb except for the 511-keV line. The obtained
half-life of 90m Nb in 20 M HF solution was 18.97 ±0.03 s, which is consistent with the literature value
1)(18.81 ± 0.06 s) within 2σ. Although thoroughly
corrections for dead-time and pile-up have not yet been
performed, measurements under the low-backgroundcondition with good precision were conducted. The
present system will allow us to measure the half-life of
90m
Nb with various chemical states.
References

90g

Nb(1129 keV)

Ga(992 keV)

64

Ga(808 keV)

Nb(891 keV)

64

90g

90g

+

Y(556 keV)

102

91m

90g

103

54m

Nb(371 keV)Co(411 keV)

90g

Counts / 300 s

90m

104

E

Nb(122 keV)105

Nb(133, 142 keV)

The goal of our research is to clarify the eﬀects ofchemical structure on the decay constant of 90m Nb.
Almost all 90m Nb nuclides decay via a 2.3-keV transition from the 124.7-keV level to the 122.4-keV levelin 90 Nb.1) Because of the high internal conversion coeﬃcient and low transition energy, the probability ofthe transition is expected to vary with changes in thechemical structure aﬀecting the electron density at thenucleus.
In the previous studies, the decay constant of 90m Nb
was obtained with a radioactive equilibrium method2)
or direct half-life measurement.3) However, it appears
that strong activity from undesired nuclear reaction
products interfered with the measurements. In orderto precisely determine the short half-lives of 90m Nb invarious chemical states, we employed an on-line gas-jet
transport system in this study.
The isotope 90m Nb was produced in the nuclear reaction nat Zr(p, xn)90m Nb with a 14 MeV proton beam
delivered from the RIKEN K70 AVF Cyclotron. Fivenat
ZrO2 targets of about 100 µg cm−2 thickness wereprepared by electrodeposition onto an 810 µg cm−2
aluminum backing foil. The targets were placed in a
gas-jet chamber at intervals of 8 mm. The beam intensity was about 8 µA. The 14 MeV proton beam entered
the target stack at an energy of 13.8 MeV. The reaction
products recoiling out of the targets were stopped in
the helium gas, attached to KCl aerosol particles generated by sublimation of KCl powder at 640 ◦ C, and

1) R. B. Firestone and V. S. Shirley: Table of Isotopes, 8thed.(John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1996).
2) J. A. Cooper et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 15, 680 (1965);
A. Olin, Phys. Rev. C1, 1114 (1970).
3) J. S. Geiger et al.: Can. J. Phys. 47, 949 (1969);
W. Weirauch et al.: Z. Phys. 209, 289 (1968) 289;
A. Meykens et al.: Z. Phys. A284, 417 (1978).
4) M. A. L. Silva et al.: Appl. Radiat. Isot. 60, 301 (2004).

Department of Chemistry, Osaka University
Japan Atomic Energy Agency
Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Tohoku University- 263 -1(

㻌 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 2009)

Biodistribution of Riken multitracer (MT) and MT-EDTMP, MT-DOTMP inmice
K. Washiyama,1 R. Nakamura,2 H. Koshida,2 H. Haba, S. Enomoto, R. Amano1
In nuclear medicine, samarium-153 labelled ethylenediamine-tetramethylene phosphonic acid (EDTMP) andholumium-166 labelled 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane1,4,7,10-tetramethylene phosphonic acid (DOTMP) havebeen used, respectively, in bone pain palliation for bonemetastases1) and myeloablative treatment for multiple
myeloma.2) Both phosphonates typically accumulate inbone. The usage of these radiolabelled phosphonates isdependent on the half-life, radiation energy, and decay
mode of selected nuclides. In order to examine the practicalapplicability of labelled phosphonates, it is important toinvestigate their metabolism. The Riken multitracer (MT)technique is highly efficient for comparison of many tracers
under same conditions, and has been used to investigate thebiodistribution of MT, MT labelled EDTMP and DOTMP in
vivo.
Male 8-week-old ICR mice were grouped andadministered with MT (in saline solution), MT-EDTMP, and
MT-DOTMP. The blood, liver, kidney, small intestine, large
intestine, femur, and brain were excised and weighed. The
uptake rates of several nuclides (57Co, 65Zn, 75Se, 83Rb, 88Zr,
88
Y, 101Rh) in tissues were determined by gamma-ray
spectrometry.

6

5

5

1h

3h

6h

12h

24h

3
2
1
0

6

1h

4

6h

12h

24h

3
2
1

Liver

KidneySmall Large Femur
Intestine Intestine

Brain

Liver

88Zrchloride

KidneySmall Large Femur
Intestine Intestine

24h

6
4
2
0

10
8

Liver

KidneySmall Large Femur
Intestine Intestine

Brain

24h

Liver

KidneySmall Large Femur
Intestine Intestine

Braintissue88ZrͲDOTMP
12

1h

3h

6h

12h

24h

6
4
2

10
8

1h

3h

6h

12h

Liver

Kidney

24h

6
4
2
0

0
Blood

12h

1

Blood

Uptakerate[%ID/g]

12h

Uptakerate[%ID/g]

6h

6h

2

88ZrͲEDTMP

8

3h

3

Brain

12
3h

1h

4

tissue

12
1h

5

0
Blood

tissueUptakerate[%ID/g]

3h

0
Blood

10

83RbͲDOTMP

Uptakerate[%ID/g]

64

References
1) P. Anderson and R. Nunez: Expert Rev. Anticancer.
Ther. 7, 1517 (2007).
2) S. Giralt et al.: Blood 102, 2684 (2003).

83RbͲEDTMP

Uptakerate[%ID/g]

Uptakerate[%ID/g]

83Rbchloride

In this study, the seven radionuclides in MT were used todetermine the biodistribution of MT chelated withphosphonates in seven representative tissues. The MT were
distributed in various tissues and showed a specificaccumulation pattern for each chemical species. Figure 1
shows biodistribution of 83Rb chloride, 83Rb-EDTMP,
83
Rb-DOTMP, 88Zr chloride, 88Zr-EDTMP, 88Zr-DOTMP
in mice. In the case of MT-EDTMP and MT-DOTMP, mostof the MT- phosphonates accumulated in bone except for75
Se and 83Rb phosphonates. Yttrium-88 and 88Zr
phosphonates showed particularly high uptakes in bonecompared to other tissues. Zirconium-88 phosphonates also
showed fast bone uptake and rapid clearance from other soft
tissues. The biodistribution of 75Se phosphonates, and 83Rb
phosphonates showed the same behavior as 75Se chloride
and 83Rb chloride, respectively. This suggests that Se andRb exist in free ion form rather than as a phosphonate
complex in vivo. In conclusion, these results should provide
useful information for nuclear medicine.

Blood

Liver

KidneytissueSmall Large Femur
Inte stine Intestine

Brain

Blood

tissueFig.1 Biodistribution of 83Rb chloride, 83Rb-EDTMP, 83Rb-DOTMP, 88Zr chloride, 88Zr-EDTMP, 88Zr-DOTMP in mice
䠆1

Department of Forefront Medical Technology, Kanazawa University
Graduate School of Medical Science䠆2
School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University- 264 -

Small Large Femur
Intestine Intestine
tissueBrain

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Preparation of a rotating 248Cm target for GARIS
Y. Kudou, H. Haba, K. Ooe,＊1 D. Kaji, K. Morimoto, A. Shinohara＊1 and K. Morita
thickness of 320±20 g cm-2 averaged for the 6 targets wasdetermined by -ray spectrometry on 245Cm, while referringto the isotopic composition of Cm. The average deposition
yield was 100+0-3%. Figure 1(b) shows an illustration of the248
Cm target fixed to the target holder. The  activities of
the 7 points shown in Fig. 7(b) were measured to confirm
the uniformity of the target. The -particles from the Cm
isotopes were collimated with an aluminum slit of 1 mm
diameter, and were detected with a Si detector. Standard
deviations of the target thickness at the seven points were
evaluated to be 11%.
The 6 248Cm targets were arranged on a rotating wheel of
10 cm diameter, and were irradiated by a 126-MeV 23Na
beam with beam currents up to 1 particle  (50%duty) to
produce 266Bh via the 248Cm(23Na, 5n)266Bh reaction. 3)

Fig.1. (a) Schematic view of the cell for electrodeposition.
(b) Illustration of the Cm target fixed to the target holder.
Uniformity of the target was estimated by -particle
measurements at the seven points shown in the figure.
(a)

(b)

100

Deposition yield [%]100

Deposition yield [%]We plan to study chemical properties of superheavy
elements (SHEs, atomic numbers Z ≥ 104) by using a
gas-jet transport system coupled to the RIKEN gas-filled
recoil ion separator (GARIS) at the RIKEN Linear
Accelerator Facility (RILAC).1,2) The SHE nuclides withlong half lives (e.g., 261a/bRf: 68/3 s, 265a/bSg: 9/16 s) used inchemical experiments are produced by hot fusion reactions
using actinide targets such as 238U, 248Cm, and 249Bk. Stabletargets are much desired due to the extremely
low-production cross-sections of SHEs on the order of
nanobarn or picobarn. Actinide targets in an oxide form arestable in high-intensity heavy-ion bombardments forprolonged beam irradiation. Here, we report on a procedure
to prepare a large and uniform 248Cm2O3 target using amolecular plating method for irradiation using the rotatingtarget system of GARIS.
Figure 1(a) shows a schematic view of the cell used forelectrodeposition. A Ti backing foil of 2 m thickness
placed on a water-cooled Ti block was used as a cathode,while a Rh plate of 0.1 mm thickness on another Ti block
was used as an anode. A 10 mm thick Teflon Ⓡ spacer
perforated in the shape of a banana was sandwiched byelectrodes sealed using 1 mm thick silicon rubber pieces
perforated in the same banana shape. The active target area
is 2.04 cm2.
Prior to preparation of the 248Cm target, theelectrodeposition conditions were optimized by preparingnat
Gd targets. Gadolinium including 88Y as a yield tracer was
purified by a cation-exchange method in HCl-methanol
media. Six microliters of 0.1 M HNO3 containing 700 g of
Gd were mixed with 5.5 mL of 2-propanol, and theelectrodeposition cell was filled with the mixture. At anapplied voltage of 1000 V, the deposition yields increased
with electrodeposition time from 52% at 2 min to 100% at ≥8 min (Fig. 2a). The deposition yields also increased withincreasing applied voltage: from 50% at 200V to ~100% at
800 V during the 10 min electrodeposition (Fig. 2b). The
uniform target layer is visually observed, and theaverage-target thickness was 350±10 g cm-2 for the targets
electrodeposited for ≥ 8 min. The 248Cm targets wereprepared after obtaining results for the natGd targets. The
isotopic composition of Cm used in this study was 244Cm:
0.024%, 245Cm: 0.13%, 246Cm: 3.17%, 247Cm: 0.04%, and248
Cm: 96.636%. Twenty microliters of 0.2 M HNO3
containing 610 g of 248Cm was mixed with 5.5 mL of
2-propanol, and the electrodeposition cell was filled the
mixture. Electrodeposition was carried out by applying a
voltage of 1000 V with an increasing current density from
9.8 to 11.8 mA cm-2 for 10 min. During theelectrodeposition, the Ti blocks were continuously
water-cooled at 10 ℃. After the electrodeposition, thetarget was dried by an infrared lamp. The 248Cm target

80
60

40
20

80
60
40

20
0

0
0

2
4
6
8
Deposition time [min]10

0

200 400 600 800 1000
Applied voltage [V]Fig. 2.Dependence of deposition yields of the natGd target
on (a) deposition time at an applied voltage of 1000V and(b) applied voltage at an electrodeposition time of 10 min.
1

Graduate School of Science, Osaka University

References

1) H. Haba et al.: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 8, 55 (2007).
2) H. Haba et al.: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 9, 27 (2008).
3) K. Morita et al.: J. Phys. Soc. JPN. 78, 064201 (2009).

- 265 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Production of 261Rf for chemical studies using the gas-jet transport system
coupled to GARIS
H. Haba, D. Kaji, Y. Komori,*1 Y. Kudou, K. Morimoto, K. Morita, K. Ooe,*1 K. Ozeki, N. Sato, A. Shinohara,*1
and A. Yoneda

䠆1Graduate School of Science, Osaka University

7.687 214Po

8.28 261Rf
8.222, 8.323 257No

Figure 1 shows the sum of Į-particle spectra measured in
the seven top detectors of MANON. The 30-s aerosol
collection was repeated 697 times. A beam dose of 6.3×1017
was accumulated. As shown in Fig. 1, Į peaks of 261Rf (65 s,
8.28 MeV)4) and its daughter 257No (24.5 s, 8.222 and 8.323
MeV)5) are clearly seen under the extremely low
background condition, suggesting that the gas-jet transportof 261Rf was successfully conducted after the physicalseparation by GARIS. A total of 168 Į events wereregistered in the energy range of interest, including 58
time-correlated Į pairs. The 7.687-MeV peak is due to 214Po,
a descendant of the natural radioisotope 222Rn in the room.
By comparing the spectrum measured with the focal plane
Si detector, the gas-jet transport efficiency of 261Rf wasevaluated to be 52±12%. On the other hand, the transport
efficiency of GARIS was 7.8±1.7% for the focal plane of
100 mm diameter, referring to the cross section of 13 nb.6)
The present results suggest that the GARIS/gas-jet system isa promising approach for exploring new frontiers in SHE
chemistry: (i) the background radioactivities of unwanted
reaction products are strongly suppressed, (ii) the intense
beam is absent in the gas-jet chamber and hence highgas-jet efficiency is achieved, and (iii) the beam-free
condition also allows for investigations of new chemicalsystems.

60

50


40


30


20


10

0

6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Energy/MeVCounts / 40 keV

We have been developing a gas-jet transport system
coupled to the RIKEN gas-filled recoil ion separator
GARIS as a novel technique for superheavy element (SHE,Z104) chemistry.1,2) The performance of the system has
been investigated using 206Fr, 245Fm, and 255No produced in
the 169Tm(40Ar,3n), 208Pb(40Ar,3n), and 238U(22Ne,5n)reactions, respectively.1,2) The results revealed that the
GARIS/gas-jet system is a promising tool fornext-generation SHE chemistry, i.e., identifying SHE
nuclides under low background conditions with highefficiency of the gas-jet transport. Hot fusion reactions
based on a 248Cm target should be considered for producing
SHE nuclides with long half-lives for chemical experiments.
Since the last experiment with 255No, we have developed a
new gas jet chamber having a large focal plane window of
100 mm diameter to efficiently collect evaporation residues.
A rotating target system for the 248Cm material was also
installed. Recently, 261Rf produced in the 248Cm(18O,5n)reaction was successfully extracted to a chemistrylaboratory after physical separation by GARIS.
A 248Cm2O3 target of 280 ȝg cm–2 thickness was preparedby electrodeposition onto a 0.90 mg cm–2 Ti backing foil.3)
The 18O5+ ion beam was extracted from the RIKEN Linear
Accelerator, RILAC. Beam energy was 95.5 MeV at thecenter of the target, and average beam intensity was 4.8
pȝA. The reaction products of interest were separated
in-flight from the beam and the majority of the nuclear
transfer products by GARIS and then guided into the gas-jet
chamber of 100 mm i.d. × 20 mm depth through a Mylar
window of 0.5 ȝm thickness, which was supported by acircular-hole grid with 78% transparency. GARIS was filledwith He gas at a pressure of 33 Pa. The magnetic rigidity of
GARIS was set at 1.73 Tm. In the gas-jet chamber, thereaction products were stopped in He gas, attached to KCl
aerosols, and continuously transported through a Teflon
capillary (2.0 mm i.d. × ~10 m length) to a rotating wheel
system, MANON, for Į spectrometry. The He flow rate was
2.0 L min–1, and the inner pressure of the chamber was 49
kPa. In MANON, the aerosols were deposited on
200-position Mylar foils of 0.5 ȝm thickness placed at the
periphery of a stainless steel wheel of 420 mm diameter.
After aerosol collection, the wheel was stepped at 30-s
intervals to position the foils between seven pairs of Si PIN
photodiodes (Hamamatsu S3204-09). To evaluate thenumber of 261Rf atoms that passed through the Mylar
window of GARIS, the gas-jet chamber was replaced with adetector chamber equipped with nine Si PIN photodiodes(Hamamatsu S3584-09, 3×3 square arrangement).

Fig. 1. Sum of Į-particle spectra measured in seven top detectorsof MANON.

References

1) H. Haba et al.: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 8, 55 (2007).
2) H. Haba et al.: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 9, 27 (2008).
3) Y. Kudou et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (in press).
4) R. B. Firestone and V. S. Shirley: Table of Isotopes, 8th ed.
(John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1996).
5) M. Asai et al.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 102502 (2005).
6) Y. Nagame et al.: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 3, 85 (2002).

- 266 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)- 267 -

.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Extraction of mendelevium (III) and lanthanides (III) from hydrochloric acidsolutions to carbon tetrachloride with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone
H. Fujisawa, *1 W. Yahagi, *1 K. Ooe, *1 R. Takayama, *1 H. Kikunaga, *1 T. Yoshimura, *1 N. Takahashi, *1 H. Haba, Y. Kudou,
Y. Ezaki, A. Toyoshima, *2 M. Asai, *2 Y. Nagame, *2 S. Enomoto*3 and A. Shinohara*1

Department of Chemistry, Osaka University
Japan Atomic Energy Agency
Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Okayama University
＊1
＊2
＊3

explained in terms of the formation of a hydroxyl species3,4).
The reactions of this extraction are explained by Eqs. (1)and (2).
(1)
M3+aq + 3HTTAorg ļ M(TTA)3 org + 3H+aq
MOH2+aq + 2HTTAorg ļ MOH(TTA)2 org + 2H+aq (2)The reaction described by Eq. (1) dominates at lower pH(pH < 3.1). As the pH becomes higher (pH > 3.1), thehydrolysis reaction of lanthanides and actinides occurs, thatis, the reaction in Eq. (2) dominates. The log D is describedin Eq. (3). When the extraction behavior follows to the Eq.
(1), the slope value derived from the linear correlation oflog D against pH value should be 3 according to the Eq. (3).
log D = log Kex +3pH + 3log[HTTA]org(3)

As shown in Fig. 1, the linear correlation is found in thelower pH range (pH < 3.1), thus, the equilibrium constant
Kex can be estimated, according to Eq. (3). However
additional experiments under more various pH conditions
are required for deriving a reliable Kex values. The obtained
Kex allows us to discuss the reactivity of Md to HTTA.

1

log D

Chemical properties of trivalent actinides have often been
discussed by comparing actinides to lanthanides. The
liquid-liquid extraction of trivalent actinides andlanthanides with E-diketonates has been studied
thoroughly1). However, there are very few reports on theinvestigation with a series of lanthanides and trivalentactinides in the same extraction conditions. In particular, thedata of the elements with atomic number an above 100 are
limited because those are produced only in heavy-ion
induced nuclear reactions by using an accelerator.
We have performed extraction experiments of americium,
curium,californium
andfermiumwith
2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA) as an extractant2). In thisexperiment, liquid-liquid extraction of mendelevium (Md)was examined.
Mendelevium-255
was
producedinthe248
Cm(11B,4n)255Md reaction using the K70 Cyclotron at
RIKEN. The produced 255Md was transported to a chemistrylaboratory and dissolved in 100 µL of an HCl solution witha pH 2.85 to 3.53 containing 0.1 M NH4Cl. The solution
was mixed with an equal volume of 0.1 M HTTA-CCl4
solution. Both phases were shaken for 20 min andcentrifuged for 1 min. After phase separation, aliquots of
80 µL of each phase were evaporated to dryness on hot
tantalum discs and assayed for alpha activity.
Lanthanide extraction experiments were performed using
the RIKEN multitracer. The tracer was stocked in an HCl
solution with pH about 3.5. In a test tube, 90 µL of HCl
solution with various pH values containing 0.1 M NH4Cl,
10 µL of tracer stock solution and 100 µL of 0.1 M
HTTA-CCl4 solution were mixed. The mixture was shaken
for 20 min using a vortex mixer and then centrifuged for 3
min. After phase separation, each phase was assayed for
gamma activity after which the pH value of the aqueous
phase was measured.
The distribution ratio D is obtained by following
equation: D = VaqAorg / VorgAaq, where Vaq and Vorg is thevolumes, and Aaq and Aorg are the radioactivities of theaqueous and organic phases, respectively.
The log D values of Md as a function of pH value in the
aqueous phase are shown in Fig. 1. The gradient decreases
with increasing pH value. The slope value changes at pH
about 3.1. A similar tendency has been found in lanthanides
and other actinides, Am, Cm and Cf. The phenomenon is

0

-1
2.8

3

3.2
pH

3.4

3.6

Fig. 1. The extraction behavior of mendelevium fromhydrochloric acid solutions to carbon tetrachloride with
2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone
References
1)
2)
3)
4)

- 268 -A. M. Poskanzer and B. M. Foreman Jr.: J. Inorg. Chem. 16,
323 (1961)
Y. Komori et al.: OULNS Ann. Rep. 2007, 109 (2008)
C. Keller and H. Schreck: J. Inorg. Chem. 31, 1121 (1969)
P. K. Mohapatra and P. K. Khopkar: Polyhedron 8, 2071
(1989)

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Studies on solvent extraction behavior of molybdenum and tungsten forsolution chemistry of seaborgium (element 106)
K. Ooe,*1 W. Yahagi,*1 Y. Komori,*1 H. Fujisawa,*1 H. Kikunaga,*1 T. Yoshimura,*1 N. Takahashi,*1 H. Haba, Y. Kudou,
Y. Ezaki, and A. Shinohara.*1*1

Graduate School of Science, Osaka University

as a function of Aliquat 336 concentration to determine thechemical species of Mo. The results are shown in Fig. 2.
The plots of log D vs. log Aliquat 336 concentration give a
linear correlation with a slope of 1.08 ± 0.04. This indicatesthat the net charge of Mo chloride complex is -1. Therefore,
the extracted species of Mo would be MoO2Cl3-. In the near
future, the speciation analysis of the extracted W species
will be performed. The present results will be also utilized
for determination of the experimental conditions for the
future chemical studies of Sg.

Distribution ratio

10
1
0.1

Mo—TPAC
Mo—Aliquat 336

0.01

W—TPAC
W—Aliquat 336

0.001
0

2

4

6

[HCl] / M

8

10

12

Fig. 1. Extractions of Mo and W from hydrochloric acidwith 0.05 M TPAC-chloroform and 0.05 M Aliquat
336-chloroform solution.
1

log D

Schädel et al. reported chromatographic behavior of
seaborgium (element 106, Sg) in an aqueous solution.1), 2) It
was shown that the Sg ion elutes from a cation exchange
column in 0.1 M HNO3/5 × 10-4 M HF in the similar
behavior as its lighter homologues, molybdenum (Mo) andtungsten (W)1) and Sg is adsorbed on the cation exchange
column in 0.1 M HNO3 in contrast to Mo and W.2) However,the chemical experiments of Sg have been limited to thechromatographic method. We have a plan to make a solvent
extraction experiment for the chemical study of Sg. In thiswork, solvent extraction behavior of Mo and W wasinvestigated as a comparative study of Sg. It is generally
known that macro amounts of Mo and W form
polyoxometalate in the aqueous solution below pH 8–9.
However, it is required for the study of Sg to investigate thechemical behavior of mononuclear Mo and W because theproduction rate of Sg is the order of one atom per hour. To
study the solvent extraction behavior of mononuclear Mo
and W, the carrier-free isotopes produced byheavy-ion-induced nuclear reactions were used.
Molybdenum and tungsten isotopes, 90Mo (T1/2 = 5.7 h)
and 173W (T1/2 = 7.6 min) were produced in thenat
Ge(22Ne,xn)90Mo and natGd(22Ne,xn)173W reactions,
respectively, using the RIKEN K70 AVF Cyclotron.
Reaction products recoiling out of the target were stopped
in a helium gas flow, attached to KCl aerosols generated bysublimation of KCl powder, and then transported to achemistry laboratory. The aerosols with reaction products
were collected on a polyester or Naflon sheet and weredissolved in 200 µL of 0.1–11 M hydrochloric acid. The
concentrations of Mo and W tracers in the aqueous phasewere about 10-13 M. Equal volume of the 0.05 M
tetraphenylarsonium chloride (TPAC)-chloroform or the
0.05 M Aliquat 336-chloroform solution was mixed withthe aqueous phase. The mixture was shaken for 15 min in
extractions of Mo with TPAC or 3 min in the otherexperiments. After centrifuging, the aliquots of the aqueousand organic phases were taken, and were subjected to Ȗ-ray
spectrometry using Ge detectors. Distribution ratios (D)were obtained from radioactivities of each phase.
Figure 1 shows the distribution ratios of Mo and W as afunction of hydrochloric acid concentration [HCl]. The both
distribution ratios of Mo and W rise with the increase of[HCl], indicating that the chloride coordinated Mo and W
complexes are formed. It has been reported that theextracted species of Mo and W are MoO2Cl3- or MoO2Cl42and WO2Cl3-, WO2Cl42- or WOCl5- respectively.3-5) The
distribution ratio of Mo was also investigated in 11 M HCl

0.5
0

-0.5
-1

-2

-1.5

-1

log [Aliquat 336]

-0.5

Fig. 2. The distribution ratio of Mo in 11 M hydrochloric
acid as a function of Aliquat 336 concentration.
References

1) M. Schädel et al.: Radiochim. Acta 77, 149 (1997).
2) M. Schädel et al.: Radiochim. Acta 83, 163 (1998).
3) K. A. Kraus et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 3972 (1955).
4) R. Caletka and V. Krivan: J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 142, 373(1990).
5) I. Nelidow and R. M. Diamond: J. Phys. Chem. 59, 710 (1955).

- 269 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Adsorption of Nb, Ta and Pa on anion-exchanger in HF/HNO3 solutions:
Model experiments for the chemical study of Db†
Yoshitaka Kasamatsu,䋪1 Atsushi Toyoshima,䋪1 Hiromitsu Haba, Kazuaki Tsukada,䋪1 Kazuhiko Akiyama,䋪2
Takashi Yoshimura,䋪3 and Yuichiro Nagame,䋪1†

Condensed from the article in J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 279, 371(2009)
䋪1
Japan Atomic Energy Agency
䋪2
Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University
䋪3
Department of Chemistry, Osaka University

Table 1. Slopes of the fitted linear lines in Fig. 1.
[Fí] / M
2.0 × 10í4
3.0 × 10í3
1.0 × 10í2

Slope
Nb
Ta
Pa
í1.0 ± 0.1 í0.5 ± 0.1 í1.2 ± 0.1
í1.3 ± 0.1 í1.2 ± 0.1 í1.8 ± 0.1
í1.5 ± 0.1 í1.3 ± 0.1 í2.0 ± 0.1
5

(a)

4

log Kd

3
2
1
0
-1
-2
5

: Nb
: Ta
: Pa

-1
log[NO3-]

0
(b)

4

log Kd

3
2
1
0
-1
-2

5

-1
log[NO3-]

0
(c)

4
3

log KdSeveral model experiments aiming at the chemical studyof Db in aqueous solution have been performed using thelighter homologues Nb and Ta, and the pseudo homologuePa.1) Although some chemical experiments of Db have beenstudied,1) little is known about its chemical properties. For
clear understanding of the chemical properties of Db,
systematic investigations are strongly required. We plan toinvestigate the fluoride complexation of Db throughanion-exchange experiments in HF/HNO3; the Kd values of
Db will be systematically measured as a function of theligand (Fí) and the counter-ion (NO3í) concentrations as
those with Rf.2) The Kd values of Nb, Ta and Pa on theanion-exchange resin were previously determined as afunction of the fluoride ion concentration ([Fí]) in
HF/HNO3 at [NO3í] = 0.1 M.3) In this work, the Kd valuesof these elements were measured as a function of [NO3í] forfurther analysis on their fluoride complexation.
The radiotracers 95Nb and 179Ta were produced by the
RIKEN K70 AVF cyclotron, and 233Pa was separated from237
Np. The experimental procedures are basically the sameas those described in the previous report.3) The Kd values ofNb, Ta and Pa on the anion-exchange resin in HF/HNO3
were determined as a function of [NO3í] at constant [Fí] =2.0 × 10í4, 3.0 × 10í3 and 1.0 × 10í2 M.
Variations of the Kd values of Nb, Ta and Pa on theanion-exchange resin in HF/HNO3 solutions are shown in
Fig. 1 as a function of [NO3í] at [Fí] of (a) 2.0 × 10í4, (b)3.0 × 10í3 and (c) 1.0 × 10í2 M. Distinct difference in theanion-exchange behavior was observed among the elements.
The slopes of the fitted linear lines in the logKd vs.
log[NO3í] plot are presented in Table 1. The net charges of
the complexes were evaluated from the slopes for theelements under the following conditions, [Fí] = 2.0 × 10í4
and 3.0 × 10í3 M ((a) and (b)). In the case of (c), the net
charge cannot be evaluated due to the effect of HF2í.
Chemical species were deduced based on the evaluated net
charges of the complexes and the knowledge concerning
their chemical species in HF solutions as follows; 1)
NbOF4í would be present at [Fí] = 2.0 × 10í4 and 3.0 × 10í3M, 2) TaF6í is dominantly present at [Fí] = 3 × 10í3 M andTa seems to be hydrolyzed at [Fí] = 2.0 × 10í4 M, and 3)
PaF6í and PaF72í would be dominantly present at [Fí] = 2.0
× 10í4 and 3.0 × 10í3 M, respectively.

2
1
0
-1
-2

-1
log[NO3-]0

Fig. 1. Variations of the Kd values of 95Nb, 179Ta and 233Pa
on the anion-exchange resin.
References
1) M. Schädel: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 45, 368 (2006).
2) A. Toyoshima, H. Haba, K. Tsukada, M. Asai, K. Akiyama, S.
Goto, Y. Ishii, I. Nishinaka, T. K. Sato, Y. Nagame, W. Sato, Y.
Tani, H. Hasegawa, K. Matsuo, D. Saika, Y. Kitamoto, A.
Shinohara, M. Ito, J. Saito, H. Kudo, A. Yokoyama, M. Sakama,
K. Sueki, Y. Oura, H. Nakahara, M. Schädel, W. Brüchle, and J.
V. Kratz: Radiochim. Acta 96, 125 (2008).
3) Y. Kasamatsu, A. Toyoshima, H. Toume, K. Tsukada, H. Haba,
and Y. Nagame: J. Nucl. Radiochem. Sci., 8, 69 (2007).

- 270 -

.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Development of an electrochemistry apparatus for the heaviest elements†
A. Toyoshima,*1 Y. Kasamatsu,*1 Y. Kitatsuji,*1 K. Tsukada,*1 H. Haba, A. Shinohara,*2 and Y. Nagame,䠆1

It is of great importance to study oxidation states of theheaviest atoms and to determine their oxidation-reduction(redox) potential in aqueous solution. Theoretical
calculations predict that oxidation states and redox
potentials of the heaviest atoms are influenced byrelativistic effects.1) Thus, electrochemical properties of theheaviest elements will give valuable information on
relativistic effects. However, an electric current originatingfrom a redox reaction of one of the heaviest elements is notmeasureable because of an atom-at-a-time situation. Thus,
we developed an electrochemistry apparatus combined witha chromatographic separation technique available even to
single atoms. This report describes the development of thiselectrochemistry apparatus.
Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of theelectrochemistry apparatus, which is based on anelectrolytic cell.2,3) A solution containing the heaviest
elements fed from the inlet passes through a working
electrode made of glassy carbon fibers packed into avycol-glass tube and flows out of the outlet. The surface ofthe fibers is chemically modified with a polyelectrolytematerial of Nafion perfluorinated ion-exchange resin,4,5) sothat the working electrode works just like a cation-exchange
column. Ions are oxidized on the electrode according totheir redox potentials, and the resulting oxidized species are
separated from non-oxidized species by cation-exchange
chromatography.
Test experiments were performed using the present
apparatus for an oxidation reaction of 1010 atoms of 139Ce.
The radioisotope 139Ce was produced by the 139La(p,n)
reaction at the RIKEN K70 AVF cyclotron. The produced139
Ce was chemically separated from the target material bya cation-exchange method and was then stored in 0.1 M
D-hydroxyisobutyric acid (D-HIB) solution together with
88 3+ 88 4+
Y , Zr , and 175Hf4+ which were mixed for comparisonof their behavior as typical trivalent and tetravalent ions.
We investigated elution behavior of these radiotracers froma chemically-modified electrode with applied potentials of
0.2 - 1.0 V versus an Ag-AgCl reference electrode. With anapplied potential of 0.2 V, elution of 139Ce followed that of88
Y. This elution behavior of 139Ce shows that Ce is boundin the most stable trivalent state. At a higher potential of 1.0
V, 139Ce was eluted together with 88Zr and 175Hf. This
indicates that 139Ce exists as a tetravalent ion. With
intermediate potentials around 0.75 V, elution behavior of139
Ce varied from that of Ce3+ to that of Ce4+. An electric
potential of 0.75 V is almost equal to that determined bycyclic voltammetry with 0.001 M Ce in 0.1 M D-HIB.
These results show that 139Ce in the trivalent state is
successfully oxidized to the tetravalent state using thepresent apparatus on a tracer scale. Electrochemical
oxidation of nobelium will be performed in the near future.

Reference Electrode(Ag-AgCl)

Working Electrode(glassy carbon fibers)
Counter Electrode(Pt mesh)

Solution
inlet

SolutionoutletGrassy carbon rod(for the lead ofworking electrode)
1 cm

Electrolyte poolFig. 1. Schematic diagram of developed electrochemistry
apparatus.
References

1) V. Pershina: Theoretical Chemistry of the Heaviest Elements, In
The Chemistry of Superheavy Elements (Ed. M. Schädel,Kluwer Academic publishers, Dordrecht, 2003), p. 31.
2) S. Kihara, Z. Yoshida, H. Muto, H. Aoyagi, Y. Baba and H.
Hashitani: Anal. Chem. 52 1601 (1980).
3) H. Aoyagi, Z. Yoshida and S. Kihara: Anal. Chem. 59, 400(1987).
4) C. R. Martin and H. Freiser: Anal. Chem. 53, 902 (1981).
5) M. W. Espensheid, A. R. Ghatak-Roy, R. B. Moore III, R. M.
Penner, M. N. Szentirmay and C. R. Martin: J. Chem. Soc.,
Faraday Trans. 82, 1051 (1986).

†

Condensed from the article in Radiochim. Acta 96, 323 (2008)
Japan Atomic Energy Agency
䠆2
Department of Chemistr, Osaka University
䠆1- 271 -

4.

Radiation Chemistry and Biology

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Ion irradiation in a micro-volume of a cell with a micro beam systemfor cell irradiation using a tapered glass capillary with end-window
Y. Iwai, K. Maeshima, T. Ikeda, T. M. Kojima, M. Wada, Y. Kanai, T. Kobayashi,
K. Ogiwara, M. Hamagaki, T. Narusawa,∗1 N. Imamoto, and Y. Yamazaki(a)5427 mm2500 mmfrom
PELLETRON

2180 mm2017 mm1000 mm

darkroomcell1080 mm

Research and development of ion irradiation for
micro-volume of living cell, has been in progress at
RIKEN. Several research groups have been intensively
working on the preparation of ∼MeV microbeams forbiological applications.1–3) In the conventional scheme,a well-focused energetic ion beam is extracted in air via
a vacuum isolation window or micro-size aperture, andthen injected into a biological cell in water. One of the
drawbacks of these schemes is that a relatively large
cylindrical volume is damaged along the beam trajectory in addition to the targeted point. To overcome
this technical problem, we have developed a scheme
using a tapered glass capillary with a thin window at
its outlet.4) This “cell surgery” scheme can realize pinpoint energy deposition and three-dimensional selection of the bombarded point by observing the outlet
through a microscope with micron precision or betterat an arbitrary position in a living cell.
The tapered glass capillary is ∼50 mm long with
inlet and outlet diameters of 0.8 mm and several micrometers, respectively. Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show
an optical microscope image and a scanning ion microscope (SIM) image near the capillary outlet, respectively. The end-window is vacuum-tight and the outlet
can be safely dipped in liquid. The transmitted beam
can be injected into a liquid target at a well-defined
position in front of the capillary.4)
Figure 2 shows the design of a micro beam systemfor cell irradiation using a capillary installed downstream of the electrostatic tandem accelerator (Pelletron) at RIKEN. To irradiate a living cell in a petri
dish, the system consists of three bending magnets, atransport beam line at 45 degrees, and a fluorescentand phase contrast microscope installed on a threedimensional stage in a darkroom.
Figure 3(a) shows an image of an anchor HeLa cell
nucleus labeled with a fusion protein of histone H2Band green fluorescent protein (GFP).5) An ion beam

Fig. 2. Design of RIKEN micro beam system for cell irradiation. The system consists of three bending magnets, a transport beam line at 45 degrees, and a fluorescent and phase contrast microscope installed on athree-dimensional stage in a darkroom.

of 1 MeV H+ from PELLETRON was injected into atapered glass capillary with an end-window of 8 µm inthickness and outlet diameter of 5 µm. Figures 3(b)and 3(c) show the fluorescence images of the nucleus
before and after irradiation with transmitted current∼10 pA and ∼20 s, respectively. We have demonstrated that a micro beam system for cell irradiation
using a tapered glass capillary with a thin end-window
can deposit energy in a micro volume of a cell. A tool
enabling ”surgery” in an arbitrary region of a living
cell is now available, providing a technique for studying various functions of intracellular structures independently.
(a)

(b)

(c)

30 µm

Fig. 3. Images of anchor HeLa cells nucleus labeled withhistone H2B-GFP.5) (b) and (c) are the fluorescence
images before and after irradiation, respectively.

(b)

References
2 µm/div

2 µm

Fig. 1. (a) and (b) are a microgram of the capillary outlet
and a diagonal image of the capillary outlet by SIM,
respectvely.4)∗1

Kochi University of Technology

1) G. Randers-Pehrson et al.: Radiat. Res. 156, 210(2001).
2) M. Folkard et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res.
B 210, 302 (2003).
3) Y. Kobayashi et al.: Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res.
B 210, 308 (2003).
4) Y. Iwai et al.: Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 023509 (2008).
(http://www-ap.riken.go.jp/nanobeam/index-enc.html)
5) H. Kimura et al.: J. Cell Biol. 153, 1341 (2001).

- 273 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)!-H2AX Foci Formation After Argon Beam Irradiation to the
Cultured Animal Cell
K.Takagi*1, T. Tsukada, M. Izumi, Y. Kazama, Y. Hayashi, and T. Abe
Histone 2AX(H2AX) is a member of histones, which
composes a part of a core-histone of the chromatin. WhenDNA double strand break (DSB) is provoked, Ser139
residues of H2AXs surrounding the breaking point arephosphorylated to form phosphorylated H2AX (!-H2AX)
focus1). Therefore, it is possible to assume !-H2AX focias landmarks of DSB.
To investigate the distribution of DSBs after the heavy
ion-beam irradiation, Ar-beams (40Ar+17, 95 MeV/u)were irradiated to mouse fibroblast cell line BALB-3T3
cultured in the confluent condition. Beams of various
LET values were irradiated to the cells at the same
fluence (15 ions/100 !m2). Thirty minutes after theirradiation, cells were fixed and localization of !-H2AX wasdetected by the indirect immunofluorescence method. The
fluorescence of cells was observed by laser-confocal
microscopy.

Fig. 1. Localization of !-H2AX immunofluorescence in
Ar-beams irradiated cells.
Red color depicts localization of nuclei, and yellow color
indicates !-H2AX localization.
A: control, B: 313
keV/!m, C: 656 keV/!m, D: 1130 keV/!m, E: 1940
keV/!m. Bar = 10 !m.

Figure 1 depicts the !-H2AX immunofluorescence
after the irradiation of Ar-beams of various LETs. In 313
keV/!m Ar-beam irradiated cells, large !-H2AX foci wereobserved in the nuclei. The outline of the focus was
obfuscated by diffused fluorescence. In 656 keV/!m and1130 keV/!m beams, !-H2AX fluorescence seemed to
expand whole nuclear area. It was hard to distinguishclear foci structure in nuclei. Strange result was observedin 1940 keV/!m Ar-beam irradiated cells. Some cells
revealed very large foci in the nuclei, others revealed
pan-nuclear fluorescence, and revealed weak fluorescentsignal.

Fig. 2. Comparison of !-H2AX foci between Ar- and X-ray
irradiation. Bar = 5 !m.
In 313 keV/!m Ar-beam irradiated cells, mean number offoci per 100 !m2 nuclear area was 19.4 ± 5.6 (n=30). The
value was close to the fluence of the beams. In 1.0 Gy
X-ray irradiated cells, mean number of foci was 14.8 ± 8.6(n=20). The mean volume of a focus was about 11 foldgreater in Ar-irradiated cells than in X-ray irradiated cells(1.91 !m3 in Ar-irradiated cells vs. 0.17 !m3 in X-ray
irradiated cells). Figure 2 depicts a nucleus of 7.5 Gy
Ar-beam (313 keV/!m), 1.0 Gy X-ray (150 kV), and 7.5
Gy X-ray irradiated cell, respectively. In Ar-irradiated cell,many foci penetrated from top to bottom of the nucleus. On
the other hand, they rarely penetrated the nucleus in thecase of X-ray irradiation. At the same dose (7.5 Gy),
X-ray-evoked foci were distributed within the whole
nuclear area. These results suggest that high-LET Ar-beams
cause multiple DSBs in the restricted nuclear volume along
the beam track.
In the present report, we examined the effect of Ar-beamirradiation on localization of !-H2AX in different LETs.
We found that clear ! -H2AX foci were formed at LET
value of 313 keV/!m.
The number of the foci was close
to the fluence of the beam. Many foci penetrated thenucleus and mean focus volume was much greater than in
the case of X-ray irradiation, suggesting multiple DSBs
along the beam track. At higher LET (656 and 1130
keV/!m), ! -H2AX diffusely expanded in whole nuclear
area, rather than formed clear focal structure. This wasprobably due to the expansion of affecting volume by one
particle with increasing LET and/or the increase of actual
fluence caused by the Ar-ion disruption. The localizationof ! -H2AX was quite different from cell to cell at1940
keV/!m. That might be due to the heterogeneous
distribution of particles at this LET (very close to theBragg’s peak in this experiment).
Reference
1) E. Rogakou et al. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 5858, (1998)*1 The Wakasa Wan Energy Research Center

ACC_REP_TAKAGI_Type1_3rd.doc- 274 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Trichostatin A facilitates the phosphorylation of histone H2AX after X-ray
irradiation in normal human fibroblast
M. Izumi
In eukaryotes, DNA is packaged into nucleosomes,
which are in turn arranged in various higher order structures
to form chromatin. The chromatin structures are regulated
by histone modifications and chromatin-associated factors,
and thereby contribute to the formation of domains within
the genome, referred to as euchromatin and heterochromatin.
The chromatin structures are involved in many aspects ofDNA
metabolism
includingDNAreplication,
recombination, and transcription. However, it is unknown
how repair reactions and checkpoint responses after
exposure to ionizing radiation are regulated by thechromatin structures.
Histone H2AX is a histone variant and is rapidly
phosphorylated following double-strand breaks induced byionizing radiation.1) Histone H2AX is phosphorylated inlarge chromatin domains flanking DNA double-strand
breaks and seems to recruit DNA damage repair proteins
including Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 complex, Brca1, NFBD1,
53BP1, cohesin complex and several chromatin remodelingfactors.
I have been focusing on the relationship between
chromatin structure and DNA damage response. My
previous experiments showed that DNA double strand
breaks induced reduction in the rate of DNA synthesis more
efficiently in the heterochromatic region than in theeuchromatic region.2) We also found that the foci ofphosphorylated histone H2AX were not detected in the
pericentric heterochromatin in the presence of DNA
replication inhibitors, which induce phosphorylation ofhistone H2AX adjacent to DNA replication fork by ATR.3)
These results suggest that the efficiency and the mechanismof DNA repair are affected by the chromatin structures.
To examine the roles of chromatin structure in DNA
repair, we examined the damage response after cells weretreated with trichostatin A (TSA), which is an inhibitor of
histone deacetylase and alters the chromatin structures inthis study. Human normal fibroblast NB1-RGB cells(population doubling level = 21) were irradiated with 10 Gyof X-ray after the pretreatment of 5 µM TSA. Then thecell extracts were prepared in the presence of phosphataseinhibitors, and phosphorylated histone H2AX was detectedby immunoblotting (Fig. 1). The phosphorylated hisotone
H2AX rapidly increased after irradiation and decreased
gradually.
Pretreatment of TSA increased thephosphorylated histone H2AX by 2.5-fold 1 h after
irradiation, and a substantial amount of the phosphorylated
form remained 5 h after irradiation. This result suggeststhat “loosened” chromatin structure makes damage
recognition easier and facilitates the damage response.
Now we are investigating whether TSA has the same
effect on the damage response after heavy-ion irradiation.
We are also trying to directly quantify the amount of DNA

damage and cell survival after the pretreatment of TSA.
(A)

-TSA

time after irradiation (h) 0phosphorylated
histone H2AX
GAPDH
(B)

100
80

1

2

+TSA
5

0

1

2

5

- TSA
+TSA

60
40
20
0

0
1
2
5
time after irradiation (h)Fig. 1 Western blot analysis of phosphorylated histone
H2AX after X-ray irradiation. A, human NB1-RGB cells
provided by RIKEN cell bank were irradiated with 10 Gy of
X-ray using Softex (Rigaku). Whole cell extracts werethen prepared at indicated time points and subjected toimmunoblotting. As a loading control, glyceloadehyde3-phospho dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was detected. B, theintensity of each band was measured using luminoimage
analyzer LAS3000 (Fuji Film) and normalized against theamount of GAPDH.

References
1) C. Thiriet and J. J. Hayes: Mol. Cell 18, 617 (2005).
2) M. Izumi: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 249 (2007).
3) M. Izumi, et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 37, 144(2004).

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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)2009)

Cell-killing effect of low dose of high-LET heavy ions (II)M. Tomita,∗1 T. Tsukada, and M. Izumi
Radiation-induced bystander responses are defined
as responses in cells that have not been directly targeted by radiation but are in the neighborhood of cells
that have been directly exposed.1) In a space environment, astronauts are exposed to low fluencies of highLET radiation. In addition, normal cells surrounding atumor also undergo exposure in heavy-ion cancer therapy. Therefore, bystander responses induced by a low
dose of high-LET radiation are an important problem
in radiation biology. In our study we aim to clarify themolecular mechanisms and biological implications of
bystander responses induced by low doses of high-LET
radiation. Previously, we reported that the cell-killing
effect of high-LET iron (Fe) ions is significantly higher
than that of low-LET X-rays under 0.2 Gy.2) Here weshow the progress of results reflecting new data.
Figure 1 shows the clonogenic surviving fraction of
normal human lung embryonic fibroblast WI-38 cells
irradiated with 250 kV X-rays (2 keV/µm) or 90
MeV/u Fe ions at 1000 keV/µm. WI-38 cells wereplated on a 25 cm2 cell culture flask for one week before irradiation to form confluent monolayers. The surviving fraction was determined by a colony formation
assay. The radiosensitivity of WI-38 cells to Fe ions
was higher than that to X-rays (Fig. 1A). Surviving
fractions (SFs) at doses (D) above 0.1 Gy were fitted
by the linear-quadratic model (L-Q model). Cell survival curves for cells irradiated with X-rays and Fe ionswere

was calculated as 0.11 in the nuclei of cells irradiatedwith 0.1 Gy of Fe ions. Thus, nonirradiated cells exist
in the same population. Our present results suggestthat a low dose of high-LET Fe ions shows low-dose
hypersensitivity induced by bystander response.

SF = exp(−0.045D2 − 0.40D)
andSF = exp(0.036D2 − 0.81D)
respectively. The doses resulting in 10% cell survival(D10 ), calculated from the cell survival curves, were
4.02 Gy and 3.32 Gy for X-rays and Fe ions, respectively. The RBE relative to X-rays was 1.21. Figure 1B
indicates the surviving fractions at doses of less than
0.5 Gy. At lower doses, the surviving fractions for
Fe ions were much lower than those extrapolated fromhigher doses above 0.1 Gy using the L-Q model. These
results suggest that high-LET Fe ions show low-dose
hypersensitivity. In addition, the surviving fractions
for Fe ions were much lower than those for X-rays.
The values of D95 were 0.12 and 0.018 for X-rays andFe ions, respectively. The RBE was 6.8 suggests thata low dose of high-LET radiation can induce cell death
more efficiently than low-LET radiation.
The average size of the nucleus of WI-38 was 188µm2 . The average number of ion tracks per nucleus∗1Fig. 1. Cell survival curves of normal human fibroblast WI38 cells. Confluent monolayers of normal human fibroblast WI-38 cells were irradiated with 250 kV X-rays (2keV/µm) and 90 MeV/u Fe ions (1000 keV/µm). Cells
were harvested and plated 24 h after irradiation. Surviving fractions (SFs) were normalized to those for nonirradiated controls. A shows all SFs obtained in thisstudy and cell survival curves calculated by the linearquadratic (L-Q) model using SFs at doses above 0.1 Gy.
B shows SFs at doses under 0.1 Gy. Error bars of theSFs represent the standard errors of the means (SEMs).

References
1) K. M. Prise et al.: Radiat. Prot. Dosimetry 99, 223(2002).
2) M. Tomita er al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 4, 220(2008).

Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry- 276 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Carbon-ion induced mutation frequencies and spectra in double strand break repair-deficientmutants of Neurospora crassa
L. Q. Ma,* S. Tanaka,* H. Inoue,* Y. Kazama, H. Ichida, T. Abe and S. Hatakeyama*
Our lab is interested in how homologous recombination (HR),The purple colonies obtained above were characterized as ad-3A or

non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and the MRX (Mre11-Rad50-

ad-3B mutants through complementation tests using forced

Xrs2) complex coordinate to repair DNA damage arising fromheterokaryons. To determine the type of mutation induced at eachcarbon-ion irradiation. To this end, we used the filamentous fungus

locus, genomic DNA was purified from each strain and the sequence of

Neurospora crassa to examine the killing and mutagenic effect of a

the ad-3A (924 bp) or ad-3B (2501 bp) gene was analyzed. Results

carbon-ion beam on a wild type and three DSB repair-deficient mutant

obtained from three independent irradiation experiments are summarizedstrains, mus-52 (YKU80), mei-3 (RAD51) and uvs-6 (RAD50), which are

in Figure 3.

deficient for NHEJ, HR and the MRX complex, respectively.

induced by the carbon-ion beam was a deletion of the 715th nucleotide of

In the wild type strain, the most common mutation

For each of the N. crassa strains examined, 8 ml of conidia (4x106

the ad-3A gene (Fig.3). On the other hand, carbon-ion irradiation of theconidia/ml) were transferred to a 15 ml centrifuge tube that wasmei-3 strain frequently induced transitions between the 100th and 300th

12 5+subsequently irradiated with carbon-ions ( C ; 135 MeV/u) at doses ofnucleotide of this gene. Exposure of mus-52 to carbon-ions generated

25 to 400 Gy. Following irradiation, samples were plated on Fries’

mutations within ad-3B, but not ad-3A. A complete comparison of themedium supplemented with 2% sorbose. For the wild type, mus-52

ad-3B mutation spectra from wild type and each of the DSB

3and mei-3 strains, each plate was inoculated with 2x10 conidia, while

repair-deficient strains will soon be reported.

for the uvs-6 mutant, the inoculum size was doubled. After two days at
30°C, the survival rate for each dose of the carbon-ion beam wascalculated using unirradiated plates as a control (Fig.1). Among thestrains and doses tested, the uvs-6 mutant always showed the highest
sensitivity to the carbon-ion beam, suggesting that the MRX complex
has an important role in protecting the cell from carbon-ion induced
damage. Sensitivity of the mus-52 mutant was higher than that of thewild type and mei-3 strains for carbon-ion doses below 50 Gy.
However, the mus-52 mutant was less sensitive to the carbon-ion beam
than the mei-3 mutant and the wild type strain at doses over 100 Gy and
150 Gy, respectively. From these results, we speculate that DNA
damage induced by higher doses of the ion beam (>100 Gy) are repaired
mainly by HR, while damage sustained from lower doses (<50 Gy) are
fixed through NHEJ.
The frequency of induced mutation was determined by measuring therate of forward mutation occurring at the ad-3A (adenine-3) or ad-3B
locus. Mutations at either of these loci can interfere with adenine
biosynthesis, causing the accumulation of a metabolic intermediate that
results in purple colonies. For each strain examined, 5x105 irradiatedbut viable conidia were used to inoculate a 5 L Florence flask, which wascultured in the dark at 30˚C with low aeration. After 1 week of growthunder such conditions, each germinating conidium formed a bead-likecolony in the liquid medium. The number of purple colonies thatformed in each flask was used to calculate the frequency of mutation at
the ad-3 loci (Fig.2). At a dose of 100 Gy, the mutation frequency ofthe mus-52 strain was ~2.8-fold lower than that of the wild type strain.
Conversely, the mei-3 strain had a ~3.0-fold higher frequency ofmutation than wild type. These results suggest that an error free repair
pathway (i.e. HR) predominantly functions in the mus-52 strain, while
mutations occurring in the mei-3 strain are mainly repaired through anerror prone and/or mutagenic pathway (i.e. NHEJ).

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*Laboratory of Genetics, Saitama University

(2009)RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Eﬃcient visualization of microbial mutations using DNA
two-dimensional electrophoresis display
H. Ichida, T. Matsuyama, T. Koba,∗1 and T. Abe
Recent advances in DNA sequencing technology
have enabled the sequencing of entire genomes of several species of plants and microbes and the resulting
data has allowed a comprehensive identiﬁcation of microbial mutations induced naturally or artiﬁcially. To
examine genome proﬁles, we used the method of restriction landmark genome scanning (RLGS), which
is a two-dimensional DNA electrophoresis method inwhich restriction enzyme recognition sites are labeledwith radioisotopes as landmarks and are visualized as
spots on X-ray ﬁlms.
This method has several major advantages compared with other DNA analysis methods: 1) almost
3,000 spots can be clearly visualized on ﬁlm; 2) RLGS
spots linearly reﬂect the copy numbers because there
are no ampliﬁcation steps and no bias in the detection step; 3) the recent development of an computer
simulation-based analysis called in silico RLGS enables a comparison between two RLGS images, one
obtained experimentally (real image) and the otherby computer simulations based on whole genome sequences (in silico image); and 4) the cost per spot isseveral times lower than other techniques such as microarray and next-generation sequencing.
We obtained RLGS images of Mesorhizobium loti
MAFF303099 with several enzyme combinations. The
most important step in RLGS analysis is selecting
landmark enzymes that produce well-focused and informative spot patterns. We used AscI, BspEI, and
NotI as landmark enzymes and observed approximately 1071, 979, and 1025 spots respectively. Whenreal and in silico images of M. loti MAFF303099 werecompared, most of the spots matched the simulated
images and we obtained proﬁles with almost complete
linkage between RLGS spots and sequences (Fig. 1).
The ability of in silico RLGS analysis to comprehensively predict genome changes was examined. We
found that the spots located between 500 and 15,000
bp in the ﬁrst dimension and between 100 and 1000
bp in the second dimension always showed suﬃcient
resolution and reproducibility with every enzyme combination used. The ﬁrst-dimension coverage of M. loti
MAFF303099 with the enzyme combinations of AscI–
MboI, BspEI–MboI, and NotI–MboI was 42.3, 61.8, and49.2% respectively. Overall, the ﬁrst dimension coverage of the three enzyme combinations without duplication was 87.3%. This result clearly demonstrates that
RLGS analysis combined with in silico proﬁling enables eﬃcient and high-density scanning for mutations
over the entire genome with good resolution.
∗1

Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University

Fig. 1. Comparison between real and in silico RLGS images of M. loti MAFF303099. (A) Real RLGS image
with NotI and MboI. (B) In silico RLGS image calculated based on the whole-genome sequence. (C) Boxedregions in A and B were compared and corresponding pairs of spots were shown on the real RLGS image with numbers (Non-underlined: chromosome, underlined: pMLa).

Computer simulation showed that RLGS analysis
with three or four combinations of landmark enzymes
covers 80% or more regions of the genomes in Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110, Pseudomonas syringae
pv. tomato DC3000, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
MAFF311018. Therefore, in silico RLGS is applicable not only to M. loti but also other bacteria whose
complete genome sequences are available and is universal technique to identify microbial mutations. We
previously showed that accelerated heavy-ions cause
insertions and deletions on microbial genomes1) suggesting that the combination of heavy-ion beam irradiation and in silico RLGS enables eﬃcient induction
and identiﬁcation of microbial mutations.
References
1) H. Ichida: Mut. Res. 639, 101–107 (2008).

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1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Characterization of floral homeotic mutant, Meshibedarake, induced by C-ion beam irradiation
Hinako Takehisa, Yusuke Kazama, Hiroyuki Ichida, Yoriko Hayashi, Sumiko Ohbu, Kazumitsu Miyoshi*,
Tomoko Abe
Previously, we examined the effects of heavy ion beams
on plant-mutation induction in developing embryos, seeds,in vitro cultured cells, in anther culture and leaf culturesof tobacco.1) Generally, plants are regenerated fromanther culture that have haploid genome. Therefore, themutation induction in anther culture offers thepossibilities of screening for recessive mutants in the first
generation, selecting for novel genotypes from very large
haploid populations, avoiding chimerism and rapidly
fixing selected genotypes.
In this study, we identified a novel mutant“Meshibedarake” (md mutant) that promoted homeotic
conversion of stamen into pistil structures in N. tabacum(cvs. Xanthi) (wild-type: Fig. A and md mutant: B). The
md mutant was isolated from M1 plants regenerated byanther cultures that were irradiated with C ions
(135MeV/u, LET 23keV/ȝm) at dose of a 5 Gy. The md
mutant was sterile, and was determined to be haploid by
Flow Cytometer. Therefore, to identify the mutation geneof md mutant, we analyzed the detail phenotypes andmutation by using M1 and clone plants. The md mutant
showed dwarf-type and had small flower organs as with
commonly haploid plant (Fig. C). In addition, the mutant
had abnormal organs instead of normal stamens (Fig.
D-F). However no obvious morphological changes could
be observed in any other part of the flower organs(Fig.A-C). First, to determine the nature of the abnormalorgans, we observed the epidermal cell of each flower
organ by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The
all organs except for abnormal organs of md mutant weretypical of wild-type style. In the abnormal organs, the tip
organs (Fig. D, white arrow head) had many trichomes asin the case of the stigma of wild type. Moreover, in the
stigmatic organs, wild-type pollen could germinate andthe pollen tube could grow as in the stigma of the wild
type (Fig. G). The epidermal cell of bottom parts of theabnormal organs (Fig. D, gray arrow head) resembled thatof the anthers of the wild type. These results indicate thatthe abnormal organs of md mutant were composed of
fused organs between stigma and anther, and the mutant
cause conversion of stamens into pistils.
The conversion of the stamen into the pistil in
Petunia was known as loss of homeotic genes, GLO,
DEF or TM6. Therefore, we attempted to identify themutation gene of the md mutant by Southern blot analysis
using these candidate genes as probes. The md mutant
should lack signals that were detected in wild-type, only
when the DEF gene was used as a probe (Fig. H). To
identify the mutant sequence, we isolated the DEF genein wild type and the mutant. As a result, we detected
deletion of over 4,244bp including DEF in the mutant
genome. These results suggest that the conversion of thestamens into the pistils of md mutant is caused by theloss-of-function in the DEF gene. The DEF mutant of
Petunia shows not only the conversion of stamen into
pistil, but also the conversion of petal into sepal. The
conversion like the md mutant had been observed only N.
tabacum2). These results indicate that N. tabacum has
unique DEF function which was different from other
Solanaceae plants including Petunia.

WT

.(H)

(F)
md

WT
(E)

WT

md

(I)
md

WT

md

(G)

StigmaAbnormal organ

md

Figure. Phenotype of flower organs of wild-type (WT) and md mutant(A-G), and Southern blot analysis of WT and md mutant genomic DNA
with a probe for a DEF gene (H). (A) and (B) WT and the md mutant
flowers, respectively. (C) WT (left) and md mutant (right) flower. Petals
have been removed partially. (D) Abnormal organs (five organs) and pistil(the center) of md mutant. White and gray arrow-heads indicate the tip
organ and bottom organ of the abnormal organ, respectively. (E) Buds
(sepal and petals have been removed) of WT and md mutant at bud-5mm
and (F) -20mm stage. These white allow-heads indicate the abnormalorgans except for stamens. (G) Pollen tube growths in stigma and theabnormal (stigmatic) organs of md mutant. (H) Southern blot analysis of
WT and md mutant genomic DNAs with a DEF probe. Two bands (redarrows) were not detected in md mutant genomic DNA after digested with
EcoRI: E and HindIII: H, respectively.

References
1) H. Saito et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 256 (2006)
2) J. Broadhvesti et al.: Plant J. 2, 991 (1992)* Akita. Prefectural University.

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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Identification of deletion mutation induced by C-ion beam irradiation in a
tobacco white flower mutant
Yusuke Kazama, Hinako Takehisa, Sumie Ohbu, Hiroyuki Ichida, Yoriko Hayashi and Tomoko Abe

Heavy-ion beam irradiation is widely accepted as a
powerful tool for inducing deletion mutations with highefficiency. We are studying the size of deletions induced byheavy-ion beam irradiation in plant genomes, andpreviously reported a 985-bp and a 440-bp deletion in
Arabidipsis mutants induced by irradiation with 12C6+ and14 7+
N ions, respectively.1), 2) In this report, we determined a
new deletion occurring in a tobacco white flower mutant,
xwf1 (Fig. 1), to obtain more insight into the deletion sizes.
The xwf1 mutant was induced by 12C6+-ion beamirradiation (135 MeV/nucleon, 23 keV/µm) at a dose of 20
Gy.3) Flower colors are most often conferred by the
structure of flavonoids. One of the flavonoids, cyanidin is
the major component of colored anthocyanidins in the
tobaccoflower.
Cyanidinisproducedfromdihidrokaempferol by the action of flavonoid 3' hydroxylase(F3’H),
dihydroflavonol
4-reductase
(DFR)
and
anthocyanidin synthase (ANS). We previously reported
that the xwf1 mutant did not accumulate cyanidin andpelargonidin but contains dihydrokaempferol and quercetin,
which is a product of F3’H action.3) From the result, it was
postulated that DFR or ANS may be defective in the xwf1
mutant. Thus, we investigated whether the xwf1 mutant has
mutations in the N. tabacum DFR gene (NtDFR) or the N.
tabacum ANS gene (NtANS).
Southern blot analysis was performed using the DNA
fragment coding DFR gene as a probe (Fig. 2). Wild-type
plant showed four hybridization signals after EcoRI or
HindIII digestion, whereas the xwf1 mutant lacked signalsof 8-kb fragment produced by EcoRI digestion and of
1.5-kb fragment produced by HindIII digestion. This
result indicates that the xwf1 mutant would have a deletion
mutation in the NtDFR gene. When the NtANS gene wasused as a probe, no signal difference was observed between
wild-type and the xwf1 mutant.
To clarify the deleted region in the xwf1 mutant, we
determined genomic sequences of the NtDFR genes in N.
tabacum cv. Xanthi. Tobacco is a natural allotetraploid
derived from the interspecific hybridization of ancestral N.
sylvestris and N. tomentosiformis. Thus, at least two
copies per every gene exist in the tobacco genome. Twocopies of the DFR gene, NtDFR1 and NtDFR2, werepreviously identified in cv. SN14) and in cv. SamsunNN.
Two independent genomic fragments, 6,723 bp and 3,847
bp, including NtDFR genes were obtained by PCR-based
cloning and sequencing (Fig. 3). Sequence homology
search using the BLAST program on the GenBank
database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) revealed that the
6,723-bp and 3,847-bp fragments harbors a gene
homologous to NtDFR1 and NtDFR2, respectively. The sizeof the HindIII fragment that disappeared in the xwf1
genome in Southern hybridization analysis (Fig. 2) was
corresponding to that of the HindIII fragment included inthe 3,874-bp sequence. This result suggests that the deletion
may occur in the NtDFR2 gene. To ascertain the existenceof the deletion in NtDFR2, PCR was performed by using
NtDFR2-specific primers. The fragment containing the
NtDFR2 gene was amplified from the wild-type genomic
DNA, but did not from the xwf1 mutant genomic DNA (datanot shown). These results indicate that the xwf1 mutant
has a deletion that is at least larger than 3,874 bp.

wild-typexwf1

Fig. 1. Flowers of the wild-type tobacco cv. Xanthi and thexwf1 mutant.

E: EcoRI
H: HindIII

Fig. 2. Southern blot analyses using NtDFR gene as a probe.
Arrows indicate signals lacking in the xwf1 mutant.

Fig. 3. Genome structures of two copies of NtDFR genes.
Reference
1) Y. Kazama et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 71, 2864
(2007)
2) Y. Kazama et al.: Plant Biotech. 25, 113 (2008).
3) Y. Kazama et al.:Plant Biotech. 25, 105 (2008).
4) T. Nakatsuka et al.: Plant Cell Rep. 26, 1951 (2007).

- 280 -

RIKEN Accel.
Accel. Prog.
4242(2009)(2009)
RIKEN
Prog.Rep.
Rep.

㩷

Expression analysis of anthocyanin-synthesis related genes in a torenia sector mutant
produced by ion beam irradiation
K. Sasaki*, H. Yamaguchi*, R. Aida*, M. Shikata*, T. Komatsu*, Y. Hayashi, H. Ryuto, N. Fukunishi, T. Abe and N. Ohtsubo*

We have previously reported that the application ofheavy-ion beam irradiation to genetically modified
torenia (Torenia fournieri Lind. ‘Crown Violet’; Figure1A) plants carrying anthocyanin biosynthesis-relatedtransgenes could create various petal color and coloration,and concluded that the combination of ion beamirradiation and genetic engineering efficiently facilitates
improvement of agrobiological and commercial traits
within a short period
Among the mutants obtained, we chose a sector mutant,
40-53, for our analysis (Figure 1B-a and -b), because wewere interested in the unique and novel phenotype in
petal coloration, which has never seen before in torenia.
The 40-53 mutant was obtained by the 20Ne (25 Gy) ion
beam irradiation to CA411-3 (Figure 1A-b) carrying
35S::antisense-chalcone synthase (CHS) gene2). In thismutant, a large part of the petal showed pale purple(Figure 1B-a, regionE), which is slightly fainter than thepetals of CA411-3 plants, and a smaller part of petals
showed dark purple (Figure 1B-a, region D) as inwild-type torenia (Figure 1A). We assumed that one ofanthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes would be
deficient in the mutant to be partially restored to dark
purple color. To progress in the analysis of the mutant,
we cloned 10 torenia anthocyanin biosynthesis-related
genes, such as anthocyanin synthase 1 and 2 (TfANS1
and TfANS2), chalcone isomerase (TfCHI), chalcone
synthase 1 and 2 (TfCHS1 and TfCHS2), dihydroflavonol
4-reductase (TfDFR), flavanone hydroxylase (TfF3H),
flavonoid 3' hydroxylase (TfF3’H1 and TfF3’H2) andflavonoid 3' 5'-hydroxylase (TfF3’5’H), and examinedthe expression of these genes by RT-PCR analysis using
petals of D and E regions in the mutant (Figure 1C). The
results showed that the expressions of TfCHS1 and
TfCHS2, which were not detected in CA411-3 plants,
were detected in region D of the mutant. Unexpectedly,
the expression of TfDFR was up-regulated in CA411-3,
and down-regulated in region D of the mutant.
Expressions of the other genes were not significantly
changed in the mutant.
Because the expression of TfCHS1 and TfCHS2 gene
were restored in regionD of the mutant, we supposedthat this phenotype was caused by a mutation, which
released the gene silencing of the two genes by theantisense-CHS. Alteration of TfDFR expression fromwild-type torenia would be explained by feedback effectunder the control of the expression of TfCHS genes,
because the DFR is downstream of the CHS on
anthocyanin biosynthesis. Meanwhile, only a single basemutation would not cause this sector phenotype, and we
supposed that an unstable mutation which partiallyrelease the gene silencing on a phase of petal
pigmentation and coloration, such as insertion of
unknown transposable elements3) and alteration of
methylation, would occur around the transgene. We are
now trying to isolate and confirm the sequences oftransgene including the whole T-DNA region in the
mutant. We expect that we would be able to control not
only petal color but also petal coloration of torenia plants
in the future by elucidation of a gene mutation thatcauses the phenotype of the 40-53 mutant.
Reference
1) K. Sasaki et al.: Plant Biotechnol. 25, 81 (2008)
2) R. Aida et al.: Plant Sci. 153, 33 (2000)
3) A. Hoshino et al.: J Plant Res. 122, 215 (2009)

Figure 1. Analysis of 40-53 mutants obtained byheavy-ion beam irradiation. Photographs of WT (A-a),
CA411-3 (A-b) and 40-53 mutants (B). (C) RT-PCR
analysis of 10 anthocyanin-synthesis related genes,
TfANS1, TfASN2, TfCHI, TfCHS1, TfCHS2, TfDFR,
TfF3H, TfF3’H1, TfF3’H2 and TfF3’5’H in petals of WT,
CA411-3 and 40-53. In 40-53, dark purple region (D) andpale purple region (E) were used for RT-PCR materials.
The torenia actin gene, TfACT3 (AB330989), was used
as an internal control. PCR cycles were indicated onright sides of each column.

* National Institute of Floricultural Science- 281 -

㻌 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㻚㻌

Reduced expression of flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxyrase genein a red-flowered torenia mutant obtained by heavy-ion beam irradiation
M. Shikata,*1 K. Sasaki,*1 R. Aida,*1 H. Yamaguchi,*1 Y. Hayashi, H. Ryuto, N. Fukunishi, T. Abe, and N. Ohtsubo*1
Flower color is one of the most attractive characteristicsof ornamental flowers. The color is principally determinedby anthocyanins, a colored flavonoid pigment. Enzymes
responsible for anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, including
dihydroflavonol-4-reductase
(DFR)
and
flavonoid
3’5’-hydroxylase (F3’5’H), are well established, and thegenes encoding them have been used for genetic
engineering of flower color modification in petunias, roses,
carnations and so on1). We have previously generated thetransgenic torenia DA416-20 with reduced activity of DFR
by overexpressing an antisense gene2). DA416-20 plants
had light blue petals due to disturbed anthocyanin
biosynthesis3), while the wild type (Torenia fournieri Lind.
cultivar ‘Crown Violet’) exhibits violet color (Fig. 1). We
have further mutated DA416-20 plants by heavy-ion beamirradiation and have obtained various mutants with flower
color variation4). Disturbed anthocyanin biosynthesis might
account for changed color. To test this hypothesis, weanalyzed a mutant line 25-36 which had reddish flowers
rather than blueish ones (Fig. 1). Blue color is derived fromderphinidin-based anthocyanins, and a key enzyme forderphinidin biosynthesis is F3’5’H. Since cosuppression of
the F3’5’H gene caused pink colored flowers in Torenia
hybrida5), 25-36 plants were expected that the F3’5’H gene
expression was reduced. Therefore, we first isolated
TfF3’5’H (Torenia fournieri F3’5’H) gene from wild-type
torenia. Two cDNA sequences for TfF3’5’H were obtained.
One encodes 520 aa protein which is comparable to thelength of other plant F3’5’H, and another one encodes
truncated protein (140 aa) because of frame-shift caused by
1 nucleotide deletion. We refer to them as type A and B,
respectively. In addition, three nucleotides were different
between two cDNAs. We performed quantitative real time
PCR to compare the TfF3’5’H expression between
wild-type and 25-36 plants. TfF3’5’H expression was
extremely reduced to 1.3% of the wild type in the line 25-36,
while it was not in DA416-20 and other DA416-20-based
mutant lines (Fig.2). Sequence analysis revealed thatwild-type plants expressed type A TfF3’5’H, while 25-36
exclusively accumulated type B TfF3’5’H. This result
indicate that the reddish flower of 25-36 plants were due toimpaired function of TfF3’5’H which is essential enzyme
for blue color pigmentation. To investigate whether
impaired expression of TfF3’5’H was caused by a mutationin this gene, we determined the genomic sequence of
TfF3’5’H in wild-type and 25-36 plants. However, there
was no mutation in the coding region of genomic sequenceboth of type A and B TfF3’5’H in the 25-36 mutant.
*1

National Institute of Floricultural Science, National Agriculture andFood Research Organization

We are now trying to elucidate whether there is amutation in the promoter region of TfF3’5’H gene and in
the gene which regulates the TfF3’5’H expression directly
or indirectly. Although it remains to be elucidated whatcaused reduction of the TfF3’5’H expression, we found thatheavy-ion beam irradiation has disturbed anthocyanin
biosynthesis to alter flower colors.

Figure 1. Altered flower color of torenia by molecularengineering.
Mutant line 25-36 was obtained by heavy-ion beamirradiation to DA416-20 plants which was harboring DFR
antisense gene.

Figure 2. TfF3’5’H gene expression.
TfF3’5’H and TfACT3 expression were analyzed byquantitative real-time RT-PCR. Line 21-21, 22-15, 51-24,
52-29, 61-17 and 25-36 are ion-beam induced mutants of
DA416-20 background. Values are average ± SD of threetechnical duplicates and are represented by relative value
to wild type designated as 100.
References
1) Y. Tanaka et al.: Plant Cell Physiol. 39. 1119-1126 (1998).
2) R. Aida et al.: Plant Sci. 153. 33-42 (2000).
3) R. Aida et al.: Plant Sci. 160. 49-56 (2000).
4) K. Sasaki et al.: Plant Biotechnol. 25. 81-89 (2008).
5) K. Suzuki et al.: Mol. Breed. 6. 239-246 (2000).

- 282 -㩷
㩷

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Characterization of the GA-synthesis deficient mutants produced byheavy-ion-irradiation

Yusuke Kazama, Ichiro Honda,*1 Kiyoshi Nishihara, Kaori Kikuchi,*1 Satoshi Matsuo,*1 Machiko Fukuda,*1 Shigeyuki
Kawano*2 and Tomoko Abe
Mutants in plants are powerful tools for clarifying
physiological mechanisms as well as developing new plantvarieties in practical breeding programs. Recently,
irradiation of plants with accelerated heavy-ion from a ring
cyclotron was established as a new effective method to
induce mutation. We already reported the effects ofheavy-ion bombardment on mutagenesis in sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum L., cv. California Wonder) and isolated
two dwarf (D, SD) and one xantha mutants from M1 plantsthat were irradiated by Ne-ion beams at a dose of 10 Gy.
Genetic analysis indicated that these mutants havemonogenic recessive mutations in nuclear genes.1) In thisreport, we examined two dwarf (D, SD) mutants to clarify
their physiological mechanism of dwarfism.
Reciprocal grafting between D or SD and a wild type
(WT) indicated that both dwarfisms do not transmit
between scion and stock. Some cases of these dwarfisms arecaused by defects of gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis or its
signal transductions. Thus, we performed a foliar
application of GA3 in the mutants. As a result, shootelongations were induced in D, SD and WT, especially, thatin D is clearer than those in others. We also examined
endogenous GAs in their shoot (Fig. 1). As endogenous
GAs, GA1, GA8, GA19, GA20, and GA 44 were identified.
The levels of GA19, GA20, and GA44 in SD were lower thanthat in WT, whereas in D plant, those of GA19, GA20 and
GA8 were lower, but that of GA44 were higher than that in
WT. These results indicated that D and SD mutant may
have a defect in the GA20-oxidase genes.
It is reported that four GA20-oxidase genes may exist in
the tomato genome. Based on the sequence information of
the tomato GA20-oxidase genes, we designed specificprimers and carried out PCR-based cloning of pepper
GA20-oxidase genes. Two partial cDNA sequences wereobtained. Sequence homology search using the BLAST
programonthe
GenBank
database(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)
revealedthatbothsequences are homologous to GA20-oxidase genes. Using
one of them (1-kb fragment) as a probe, genomic Southernblot analysis was performed. Wild-type plant and SD
mutant showed the same signal patterns after EcoRI or
HindIII digestion, whereas D mutant showed different
signal size after HindIII digestion (Fig. 2). This result
indicates that a mutation may occur around a GA20-oxidase
gene in D mutant. Sequencing analysis of GA20-oxidase
gene in D mutant is in progress.

A*1 National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science

Reference Honda et al.: Euphytica 152, 61 (2006)

*2 Department of Integrated Bioscience, The University of Tokyo

B

Fig. 1. (A) The GA biosynthesis pathways. Asterisk and box
indicate GA20-oxidase-catalyzed reaction and bioactive
GAs, respectively. (B) Endogenous GA contents in shoots(4-5 leaf stage). Bars indicate standard error.

Fig. 2. Genomic Southern blot analysis of GA20-oxicase
genes in the pepper dwarf mutants. An asterisk indicatesband size shift detected in the D mutant. E: EcoRI, H:
HindIII.

A part of this study was financially supported by the
Budget for Nuclear Research of the Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, based onscreening and counseling by the Atomic Energy
Commission of Japan.

- 283 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Effect of the heavy-ion beam irradiation on survival rates
and sex-reversal mutation in Silene latifolia
K. Nishihara, Y. Kazama, S. Ohbu, A. Koizumi, * K. Yamanaka, * H. Ichida, Y. Hayashi,
H. Ryuto, N. Fukunishi, S. Kawano, * and T. Abe.

䠆

Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo(a)

Relative survival rate (%)

difference in the effect is thought to be because the LET of
Fe ions is higher than that of C ions.
Following on from this, we grew the imbibed seeds andscreened mutants. We found some mutants including
asexual mutants and hermaphroditic mutants among theplants irradiated with C ion at 10 Gy or 20 Gy and theplants irradiated with Fe ion at 4 Gy (Table 1). We deduced
that imbibed seed irradiated C ion and Fe ion at 10 Gy and
4 Gy are effective in isolating mutants, respectively.
However, we were not able to fix these mutants because
they were conspicuously chimerical; for example, there wasonly one mutated flower in a plant.
These results indicated the possibility of ion beams being
able to induce various mutations on Y chromosome. Now,
we are screening mutants among Fe-ion-irradiated dry
seeds.
Relative survival rate (%)

The caryophyllaceous perennial herb Silene latifolia is adioecious plant, which has a XY sex determination system.
It is presumed that its Y chromosome has three functional
regions; the gynoecium-suppressing function (GSF), thestamen-promoting function (SPF), and the anther-maturingfunction.1) Though these regions are thought to containsex-determination genes, those genes have not been
identified yet. In the earlier studies on sex-determination of
S. latifolia, many attempts to get Y-chromosome-deleted
mutants were performed; e.g. Ȗ-ray irradiation. Amongthese irradiated plants, the mutants that lack GSF showedhermaphroditic phenotype and the mutants that lack SPF
represented asexual phenotype.2,3,4) This correspondence
relationship supported the existence of sex-determination
genes on each functional region. However, no more
information was able to be received from these mutants,
because most of them are sterile and ephemeral and are now
defunct.
Recently, we obtained a novel hermaphroditic mutant by
C ion beam irradiation.5) This mutant is fertile and,interestingly, can produce progenies by self-pollination.
Genetic analyses have demonstrated that this mutant has adeletion in Y chromosome. Thus, the ion beam irradiatedmutants would be used for isolating sex-determination
genes by sequencing deleted regions in the Y chromosome.
Mutations of the other regions of Y chromosome will be
induced with ion-beam irradiation. Then, we planned tosurvey the appropriate conditions of irradiation to induce
mutations on Y chromosome efficiently.
 Dry seeds of S. latifolia were irradiated by Fe-ion beams(90 MeV/u, LET 624 keV/µm) at a dose range of 5 to 40 Gy.
Wet seeds imbibed for 24h and 28h were irradiated by
Fe-ion and C-ion beams (135 MeV/u, LET 23 keV/µm) at adose range of 2 to 40 Gy and of 5 to 80 Gy, respectively.
The effect of each ion beam was observed three weeks aftersowing by measuring survival rates (Fig. 1). From theobtained survival curves, the lethal dose 50 (LD50) for dry
seed was estimated at approximately 145 Gy of C-ion
irradiation and 9 Gy of Fe-ion irradiation. The LD50 value
for imbibed seeds was estimated to be approximately 30 Gyof C-ion irradiation and 5 Gy of Fe-ion irradiation. As
summarized in Fig. 1, the imbibed seeds showed moresensitivity to irradiation than the dry seeds. This differenceof sensitivity could be brought about by the difference inthe hydration state of DNA and/or free radicals.6,7) The
Fe-ion beam had a stronger effect than the C-ion beam. The

Dose (Gy)(b)

Dose (Gy)Fig. 1. Survival curve of ion-beam irradiated S. latifolia.
(a) Survival curve of C-ion irradiated seeds. (b) Survival curve of
Fe-ion irradiated seeds. The longitudinal axis indicates relative
survival rate when the control is assumed to be 100. Ŷ, Ƒ: survival
rate of dry seeds, Ɣ, ż: survival rate of imbibed seeds.
Ion
C

Fe

Dose
(Gy)
0
5
10
20
40
60
80
0
2
4
8

No. ofplants
94
89
85
70
16
2
2
101
92
61
7

Asexual
0
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Number of mutants
Hermaphrodite Variegated
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0

Table 1. Mutants induced with ion-beam irradiation on imbibed
seeds of S. latifolia.
Reference
1) M. Westergaard: Adv. Genet. 9, 217 (1958).
2) A. Lardon et al.: Genetics 151, 1173 (1999).
3) I. Farbos et al.: Genetics 151, 1187 (1999).
4) S. Lebel-Hardenack et al.: Genetics 160, 717 (2002).
5) K. Nishihara et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 40, 258 (2007).
6) Shikazono et al.: Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 41, 159 (2002)
7) Qin et al.: Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 83, 301 (2007)- 284 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

LET-dependent effect of C-ion beam irradiation on mutation induction in Rice.
Y. Hayashi, H. Takehisa, Y. Kazama, S. Ohbu, N. Fukunishi, H. Tokairin, S. Mituo*1, S. Takada*1, T. Sato2 and T. Abe
Heavy ion beams have high linear energy transfer(LET) and produce more localized ionization than otherradiation such as X-rays and !-rays for the same dose.
Therefore, a heavy ion particle is postulated to cause
double strand break of DNA and induce mutation withlow dose irradiation1). LET of ion beams is an importantfactor affecting mutagenesis. In Arabidopsis, the lethality
rate and flowering rate after ion beam treatment are
affected by LET. Furthermore, there is an optimum LET
value for mutation induction in M2 plants of Arabidopsis
2). We examined the effect of LET values on mutationinduction in rice.
Imbibed seeds of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare)
were exposed to C-ion accelerated to 135MeV/u by RRC.
The dose range and the LET range of the C-ion beam
were 7.5 to 40Gy and 23 to 60keV/µm respectively. The
LET of the C-ion was selected using a range shifter thatconsists of twelve energy absorbers3). The LET values
were calculated at the surface of the seeds. After
irradiation, seedlings were transplanted into the soil in
pots, and grown in a greenhouse. One month after
irradiation, plants were transplanted to a paddy field. M1plants were harvested approximately 6 months after
irradiation. Survival rates and seed fertilities weresurveyed in M1 progenies. M2 seeds were harvested
separately from each M1 plant. These seeds were sownon seedbeds and grown in a greenhouse for one month toobserve mutations. The numbers of CDM (chlorophylldeficient mutants): albina (albino); xantha (yellow);chlorina (pale green); striata (stripe) were observed.
The survival rate of M1 plants decreased as the dose
increased, and the survival curves differed according to
the LET (Fig.1). In over all the fertility of M2 seeds
decreased as the dose increased. There was no significant
difference with increased LET values (Fig.2). Mutation
rates at 7.5Gy and 10Gy irradiation were low with any
Table.1

values of LET. In the irradiation at 15 or 20Gy, thehigher LET values such as 50 or 60keV/  m wereeffective in CDM induction (Table.1). These results showthat increase of mutation rates could be achieved bycontrolling LET values in adequate dose irradiation. We
are now investigating the effect of higher LET values
using Ne ion beams on mutation induction in rice.

Fig. 1 Survival curves for various LET of C-ion irradiation

Fig. 2 Relationship between the seed fertility and the dose
Reference
1) Y. Yokota et al.: Radiat Res. 167,94(2007)
2) Y. Kazama et al.: Plant Biotechnology 25, 113(2008)3) H. Ryuto et al.: Plant Biotechnology 25, 119(2008)

Frequency of chlorophyll-deficient mutants (CDM) induced by C-ion beam irradiation

Dose

LET

Survival Rate

FertileTotal

Frequency of CDM(Gy)(keV/m)(%)

M1 lines

albinaxanrthachlorina

striata

CDM

(%)

7.5
10

60
50
60
50
60
23
30
40
50
60
23
30
40

85
95
93
89
83
85
87
87
86
37
81
60
32

127
142
140
134
249
127
261
260
258
56
121
180
47

2
2
2
4
7
1
11
7
9
1
2
6
1

2
2
1
5
2
1
1
3
4
1
2
1
0

0
0
1
0
4
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
0

0
0
0
0
2
0
1
2
1
0
1
0
0

4
4
4
9
15
3
14
14
15
4
6
9
1

3.2
3.3
2.8
6.7
6.2
2.4
5.4
5.4
5.8
7.1
5.0
5.0
2.1

15
20

30

CDM

Harvest from 2005 and 2007.

*1 Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science*2 Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University- 285 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)
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
‫غ‬٤


     







 


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



 



      

 






  




 
 

 


 


㧚 
                
               
          
      
      
            



       


       
                   


 
         
                 
             
           

       
       

      
  
        
        
      
        
       

         

      
       




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RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)
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





              

           
  
      
  
                    
                
         
                          
                             
         
   
            
         
       


       
        
          
           

             

       
       
                    

  



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






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
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


 
䌹


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

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





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䋭






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
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
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





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








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








  










 



- 287 -







 








.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Breeding of a new Japanese barnyard millet variety with low amylose content
and short-culm, by heavy-ion beam irradiation
S. Nakajo＊1, S. Hasegawa＊2, H. Yoshida＊1, S. Urushibara＊3, A. Abe＊3, T. Abe, N. Fukunishi, H. Ryutou＊4 and
Y. Oshimizu＊5
Japanese barnyard millet (Echinochloa utilis Ohwi etquality for eating because of its sticky starch with low
Yabuno) is considered to be one of the oldest cereal crops inamylose content. The amylose content of ‘Mojappe’ isJapan. In Iwate prefecture, Japanese barnyard millet has
about 12 to 13%, half that of other ordinary non-glutinous
been cultivated as one of the main cereal crops, and as hay
barnyard millets.1), 2) ‘Mojappe’ was adopted as a variety
recommended for good flavor in Iwate prefecture in 2005.
for horse feed, from ancient times. However, the millet
However, it has been hard to expand the cultivation area ofcultivation area of Iwate has been rapidly decreasing since
this variety as much as it expected, because its culm length
the late 1950’s due to progress in upland field reclamation
is too long to harvest with a head-feeding combine.
to paddy fields and the introduction of cold weather
Therefore, we tried mutation breeding of ‘Mojappe’ forresistant rice varieties and industrial crops. For the last two
mechanized production by means of culm length
decades, the nutritional value of millet has been reevaluatedshortening.
by home consumers. Due to this trend, the millet cultivation
Dry-seeds of ‘Mojappe’ were irradiated by C-ionsarea and production of Iwate is increasing year by year. In
accelerated to 135 MeV/u at a dose of 20 Gy at the RIKEN
particular, a large part of the national production of
RI-beam factory in November 2003. The LET (linear
Japanese barnyard millet is produced in Iwate prefecture.
energy transfer) range was 23 keV/˩m. After irradiation, M1‘Mojappe’ is a local variety of Iwaizumi, a town locatedseeds were sown in a greenhouse of the Iwate Agriculturalin the mountainous area of northern Iwate. It has good
Research Center (IARC) in December 2003. About 5
cmmonths after the sowing, M2 seeds were obtained. In 2004,
180
M2 seedlings were transplanted in an upland field of IARC,
Northern Region Agricultural Institute. Seventeen out of
160
906 M2 plants were selected for culm length after theheading stage. Harvested seeds of 17 selected M2 plants
were grown in a greenhouse during the M3 generation in
140
wintertime. In 2005, 17 M4 lines originating from theselected M2 plants were grown in a paddy field, and finally,120
only one line was selected as the shortest culmed mutant
line. During 2007-2008, this line was evaluated for its yield,
culm length, amylose content and other agronomic
100
characters together with another mutant lines derived fromgamma-ray irradiation. Eventually, this line was designatedas ‘Hie-Iwate 2.3)
‘Hie-Iwate 2’ is shorter than ‘Mojappe’, but taller than
‘Daruma’ , the leading variety of Iwate (Fig.1). However,
we confirmed that a head-feeding combine could harvest‘Hie-Iwate2’ in a paddy field test in 2008. Additionally, we
expect that ‘Hie-Iwate 2’ is suitable for mechanical hullingand sawing with its awnless kernel.
We will apply for a official registration of ‘Hie-Iwate 2’
to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries ofJapan within 2009.
MojappeFig. 1

Hie-Iwate 2

DarumaReferences

Culm length of new variety.

＊1

Iwate Agricultural Research Center (IARC), Northern Region
Agricultural Institute＊2
Iwate Central Agricultural Extension Center, Tono Extension Center＊3
Iwate Agricultural Research Center (IARC)＊4Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto
University＊5
Iwate Science Museum of Agriculture1) S. Hasegawa and M. Katsuta: Bull. Iwate. Agric. Res. Ctr.
5,53-62 (2005) (In Japanese with English summary).
2) S. Hasegawa and M. Katsuta: Breed. Res. 5 (suppl. 1) p.522(2003) (in Japanese).
3) S. Nakajo et al.: Breed. Res. 10 (suppl. 1) p.181 (2008)(in Japanese).

最終提出用(岩手県 Barnyard）- 288 -

IV. OPERATION RECORDS

1. Operation of RIBF RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Planning of RIBF operation
T. Suda, M. Kase, and T. Fujinawa
The operation of RIBF for FY2008 has been planed
according to the approved budget for this fiscal year, plans
for machine commissioning and construction andbeam-time requests from experimenters.
According to the approved operation budget for five months,
the operation plan of the new facilities, including thecyclotron cascade and BigRIPS/ZE, was made originallyas :1) Two months in the period of April to June,
2) Three months after the summer period.
No operation of the new facility was planned in the summer
period, specifically from July to September, due to highelectricity costs.
In February 2008, however, it turned out that there was aserious oil contamination problem in the refrigerators for
SRC and BigRIPS. Detailed studies showed that its
complete repair would take nearly half a year.
We, therefore, changed the operation schedule before
summer.
The time has been devoted into thedevelopments of U and 48Ca beams including the charge
stripper development. As a result, the beam stability
became remarkably better, and we were sure that theworld’s most intense 48Ca beam would be provided for
BigRIPS experiments when the refrigerators become ready.

The refrigerators have been completely fixed up in August,and they became operational immediately. A series of
BigRIPS experiments using U and 48Ca have been
conducted for nearly two months during November andOctober.
In addition, the first SHARAQ commissioning was carriedout using 14N beam in the late March. A new beam line
skipping IRC was installed and used for this experiment.
A long-term super-heavy search experiment to strengthen
the evidence of our discovery of Z=113, more specifically23
Na + 148Cm -> 266Bh + 5n was done for one month in
October, and more than 40 days from Jan. 1 to the middle ofFebruary.
The other experiments at the “old” facilities were alsoscheduled and performed as much as possible based on therequests from spokespersons of the PAC-approved
proposals. Even in the summer period, mainly in theweekends experiments were carried out.
In total, the accelerator has been operating 198.3 days for
78 experiments. The commissioning of the new facility
was for 81 days. As a reference, the electric consumption
profile of Nishina Center for FY2008 is shown in Fig. 1.

MT.doc- 289 -
 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)


PAC Meetings for Nuclear Physics, and Material and Life Science
T. Suda, K. Ishida, and Y. Kobayashi
In 2007, RIKEN Nishina Center has established two
Program Advisory Committees for reviewing submitted
proposals in the fields of nuclear physics (NP-PAC) andmaterial and life science (ML-PAC). Each PAC holds themeetings twice a year, and reviews the proposals.
The NP-PAC is co-organized by RIKEN Nishina Centerand CNS, Univ. of Tokyo.
The ML-PAC reviews
experimental programs at RAL and RIBF.
NP-PACThe NP-PAC meetings were held Feb. 18-19 and Nov.
20-21 this year1). The statics of the meetings are shown inTabel 1.
ML-PACThe ML-PAC meetings were held March 27-28, 2008
and Jan. 13-14 this year2). The statics of the meetings areshown in Tablel 2.

PAC members
NP-PAC : W. F. Henning (ANL, the chair ), J. Aysto( Univ. of Jyvaskyla ), W. Mittig ( MSU ), Karlheinz
Langanke ( GSI ) W. Lynch ( MSU ), D. C. Radford( ORNL ), W. Liu ( CIAE ), A. A. Ogloblin ( Kurchatov ),B. Fulton ( Univ. of York ), A. Ohnishi ( Kyoto Univ. ), K.
Yabana ( Univ. of Tsukuba ), I. Hamamoto ( Lund Univ. ),K. Imai ( Kyoto Univ. ), T. Noro ( Kyushu Univ. ), H.
Okamura ( RCNP ), H. Miyatake ( KEK ), H. Sakai ( Univ.
of Tokyo )ML-PAC : R. F. Kiefl ( UBC, the chair ), G. A. Beer
( Univ. of Victoria ), S. Ikeda ( KEK ), M. Iwasaki( RIKEN ), R. Kato ( RIKEN ), K. Nagamine ( UC,Riverside ), N. Nishida ( Tokyo Tech. ), K. Nishiyama( KEK ), F. Pratt ( RAL ), H. Takagi ( RIKEN ), J. Zmeskal( Stefan Meyer Inst.), F. Hanaoka ( Gakushuin Univ. ), T.
Kameya ( Tohoku Univ. ), K. Komaki ( Univ. of Tokyo ), A.
Shionohara( Osaka Univ. )References
1) http://www.nishina.riken.jp/UsersGuide/NP-PAC
2) http://www.nishina.riken.jp/UsersGuide/ML-PAC/

Table 1. Statistics of the NP-PAC meetings held this year.

Table 2. Statistics of the ML-PAC meetings held this year.

Suda.doc- 290 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

RILAC operation
Eiji Ikezawa, Ohki Tomonori,* Kase Masayuki, Takahide Nakagawa, Naruhiko Sakamoto,
Hiroki Okuno, Nobuhisa Fukunishi, Masaki Fujimaki, Makoto Nagase, Tadashi Kageyama, Shigeru Yokouchi,
Misaki Kobayashi-Komiyama, Masanori Kidera, Yoshihide Higurashi, Tamaki Watanabe, Kazunari Yamada,Takeshi Maie, Hiroo Hasebe, Hironori Kuboki, Kenji Suda, Yutaka Watanabe, Toshimitsu Aihara,*
Hiromoto Yamauchi,* Akito Uchiyama,* Kazuyuki Oyamada,* Masashi Tamura,*
Akira Goto, Osamu Kamigaito, and Yasushige Yano＊SHI Accelerator Service Ltd.

Throughout this reporting period, RILAC has been insteady operation and has supplied various ion beams forvarious experiments and beam commissioning. Table 1
shows some statistics for RILAC operation from January 1
through December 31, 2008. The beam service time of
RILAC accounted for 88% of the operation time of RILAC.
The percentages of injection into RRC and the RILAC
standalone were 43% and 57% of the total RILAC beamservice time, respectively.
For beam commissioning and experiments of the RI
Beam Factory (RIBF), 0.67 MeV/nucleon 238U, 2.68
MeV/nucleon 86Kr, and 2.68 MeV/nucleon 48Ca ion beams
accelerated by RILAC were injected intensively into theTable 1. Statistics for RILAC operation from January 1
through December 31, 2008.

Operation time of RILAC
Beam service time of RILAC
Mechanical trouble

4578.0 hr
4025.0 hr
72.5 hr

RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC) 6 times in total from April
through December 2008.
Table 2 shows a summary of the beam service time of the
RILAC standalone allotted to each beam course (e2, e3, ande4) in the No. 1 target room of RILAC in 2008. This year,
the e2 and e3 beam courses were used for the study ofaccelerator mass spectrometry and for research experimentson the heaviest elements, respectively.
Research experiments on the heaviest elements havebeen carried out since 2002. This year, the researchexperiments were carried out for 86 days from January
through April, 25 days in June, 9 days in September, and 3days in December.
Table 3 shows statistics for the operation times of an 18
GHz ECR ion source (18G-ECRIS) and a superconducting
Table 3. Operation statistics for two ion sources(18G-ECRIS and SC-ECRIS) in 2008. These include
preliminary work time. Operation times using
SC-ECRIS are indicated in parentheses.

Beam service time of RILAC standalone 2312.5 hr
Beam transport to RRC
1712.5 hr

Table 2. Beam service time of RILAC standalone allottedto each beam course in the No. 1 target room of
RILAC in 2008.

Ion

Mass

Charge state

Total time (hr)

O

18

5

164.0 (

0.0 )

Ne

22

5

223.5 (

0.0 )

Na

23

5, 7

289.0 (

0.0 )

Ar

40

11

42.0 (

0.0 )

Ca

48

10

919.0 (

0.0 )

Fe

58

13

371.0 (

0.0 )

Zn

70

16

2044.5 (0.0 )Beam course

Total time (hr)

%

Kr

86

18

147.5 (

0.0 )

e2

101.0

4.4

Xe

136

20

223.5 (

0.0 )

e3

2210.5

95.6

e4

1.0

0.0

Os
U

188
238

24
35

Total

2312.5100.0

80.5 (
1650.0 (6154.5 (

0.0 )
0.0 )
0.0 )

- 291 -Total

ECR ion source (SC-ECRIS) in 2008. The ion beams of 11
elements were used in various experiments, beam
acceleration tests, and beam commissioning.
We carried out the following improvements andoverhauls during this reporting period.
1) The beam transport line between the 18G-ECRIS
and the analyzing magnet was modified.
2) Flow switches for the lower-limit detection in theNo. 2 rf power amplifier were replaced with newones.
3) In the rf system for the No. 2 rf power amplifier, an
auto gain controller and a pickup detecting the rf
signal of the cavity was improved.
4) Automatic voltage regulators for all low levelsystems of the rf power amplifier were installed.
5) Plate power supplies at the final stages of the rf
systems were subjected to annual inspection.
6) Two turbomolecular pumps of the FC-RFQ cavity
and the No.1 RILAC cavity were replaced withcryogenic pumps. A turbomolecular pump was
installed additionally at the beam transport line
between the FC-RFQ cavity and the No.1 RILAC
cavity. The other vacuum pumps were subjected toannual inspection.
7) Electron suppressers of the faraday cup at the beamtransport line between the RILAC cavities were
improved.
8) All water pumps of the water cooling system were
subjected to a simple inspection.
9) The power supplies for dipole magnets (DMe1,
DMe3, DMe4, and DMe5) will be replaced withnew ones, because they were worn out from many
years of operation. Each new magnet power supply
is of the switching type and has a network IO (NIO)
interface.
We experienced the following mechanical problems
during this reporting period.
1) A cavity of the FC-RFQ was splashed with water
due to a small hole in the cooling pipe of the outerwall of the cavity, and we repaired the part.
2) In the rf power amplifier system of the No.1 RILAC,
power supplies for the filament of the final vacuum
tube and for the plate of the driving vacuum tube
had problems, and we replaced them with spareones.
3) In the rf power amplifier system of the No.5 RILAC,
a wide band amplifier and a driving vacuum tube
had problems, and we replaced them with spareones.
4) In the rf power amplifier systems of the CSM-A3
and the CSM-A4, power supplies for the plate of the
final vacuum tube had problems, and we repairedthem.
5) In the rf power amplifier system of the CSM-A5, apower supply for the control grid of the final
vacuum tube had a problem, and we replaced it withspare one.
6) A magnet power supply of the miller-coil for the

18G-ECRIS was splashed with water due to a leakof a cooling pipe at an upper floor, and we repairedit.
7) A hard disk drive of the file server for the EPICS
crashed, and another server system was used as a
substitute for it. Later, all hard disk drives for the
EPICS were replaced with new ones.
For the RI Beam Factory project, a high voltage terminalof the Cockcroft-Walton injector was remodeled and asuperconducting coil system for the 28 GHz ECR ion
source was installed on it. Thus, an 8 GHz ECR ion source(NEOMAFIOS), which has been used at the
Cockcroft-Walton injector for many years, was removed.
The beam transport line of the Cockcroft-Walton injector
will be installed in parallel with the existing injection lineof the FC-RFQ linac with two ECR ion sources.

- 292 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

AVF operation
M. Kase, T. Kageyama, N. Tsukiori*2, Y. Ohshiro*1, N. Fukunishi, T. Nakagawa, H. Okuno, N. Sakamoto,
M. Fujimaki, M. Kidera, M. Kobayashi-Komiyama, Y. Higurashi, M. Nagase,S. Yokouchi, K. Yamada,
H. Hasebe, K. Suda, H. Kuboki, T. Maie, K. Kobayashi*2, M. Nishida*2, Y. Kotaka*2, S. Fukuzawa*2,
T. Nakamura*2, R. Koyama*2, K. Yadomi*2, S. Ishikawa*2, Makoto Hamanaka*2, Kazuo Miyake*2,
Akira Goto, Osamu Kamigaito, and Yasushige Yano*1

CNS: Center of Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo*2
SHI Accelerator Service Ltd.

Table 1 shows the operation statistics of the RIKEN
K70-MeV AVF cyclotron (hereafter denoted as AVF)
in 2008 together with those in the preceding years.
The total operation time in 2008 was almost the sameas those in 2006 and 2007. The operation of AVF as
the injector to RRC (AVF-RRC) has been at low level
since 2006 because the RRC was frequently injected by
RILAC for RIBF commissioning and experiments.
The total operation time of 2008 in the AVF
stand-alone increased by 8% compared with that in2007 but did not reach the level of 2006.
About 60% of the total AVF operation time in 2008
was dedicated to CRIB experiments managed by CNS.
Eleven experiments were carried out at the CRIB.
Two kinds of solid material ion beams, Si and Li, were
produced in the Hyper ECR ion source and delivered to
the CRIB.
It is now the 7th year since the educational physics
experiment for university students commenced basedon the RIKEN-CNS collaboration agreement. Foursets of one-day experiments on the elastic scattering
using a 6MeV/u D-beam were performed in Autumn at

the vacuum chamber on the way to the CRIB.
The E7b beam line which is for general purposes
was used six times in 2008. Four of them were for theexperiments on the electrochemistry of seaborgium
using boron, oxygen and neon beams on a 248Cm target.
Since 2008, a new category of beam time for thedetector-development was allocated officially for the
first time. Two test beam times for detector
development were carried out in C03 and E7b.
The C03 target station was used six times for RI
productions for charged distribution, which had beenroutinely performed since late 2007. Radio-nuclidesof 65Zn and 109Cd are produced using a 14MeV proton
beam and delivered to outside RIKEN via Japan
Radioisotope Association. The experiments to study
Dҟfine structure of lawrencium isotopes were also
performed at C03 using nitrogen beams on a 248Cm
target twice in November 2008.
In November, a problem related to the pumping ofcooling water for ion source caused the cancellation ofa scheduled experiment.
This was eventuallycompensated in December.

㪫㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷㪈㪅㩷㩷㪪㫋㪸㫋㫀㫊㫋㫀㪺㪸㫃㩷㪻㪸㫋㪸㩷㫆㪽㩷㪘㪭㪝㩷㫆㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫀㫅㩷㪉㪇㪇㪍㩷㪄㩷㪉㪇㪇㪏㪅㪰㪼㪸㫉㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㫆㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫋㫀㫄㪼

㪉㪇㪇㪍

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㪉㪇㪇㪏

㪊㪐㪍㪊㩷㪿㫉

㪊㪍㪍㪐㩷㪿㫉

㪊㪍㪋㪏㩷㪿㫉

㪙㪼㪸㫄㩷㫋㫌㫅㫀㫅㪾㪏㪌㪊㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪉㪉㩷㩼㪀㪎㪍㪎㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪉㪈㩷㩼㪀㪍㪏㪍㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪈㪐㩷㩼㪀㪠㫅㫁㪼㪺㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫋㫆㩷㪩㪩㪚㩷㪈㪇㪌㪈㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪉㪎㩷㩼㪀㪈㪉㪊㪌㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪊㪋㩷㩼㪀㪈㪈㪍㪌㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪊㪉㩷㩼㪀㪘㪭㪝㩷㫊㫋㪸㫅㪻㪄㪸㫃㫆㫅㪼㪉㪇㪌㪐㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪌㪉㩷㩼㪀㪈㪍㪍㪎㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪋㪌㩷㩼㪀㪈㪎㪐㪎㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪋㪐㩷㩼㪀㪈㪉㪎㪌㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪍㪉㩷㩼㪀㪉㪌㪎㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪈㪉㩷㩼㪀㪌㪉㪎㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪉㪍㩷㩼㪀㪈㪉㪏㪐㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪎㪎㩷㩼㪀㪇㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪇㩷㩼㪀㪊㪎㪏㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪉㪊㩷㩼㪀㪈㪈㪈㪐㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪍㪉㩷㩼㪀㪉㪉㪏㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪈㪊㩷㩼㪀㪋㪌㪇㩷㪿㫉㩷㩷㩿㪉㪌㩷㩼㪀㪙㪼㪸㫄㩷㪺㫆㫌㫉㫊㪼㩷㩿㪘㪭㪝㩷㫊㫋㪸㫅㪻㪄㪸㫃㫆㫅㪼㪀㪜㪎㪸㩷㩿㪚㪩㪠㪙㪀㪜㪎㪹㪚㪇㪊

Some of the contact fingers of No.1 rf resonator
were burnt due to trouble in the driving part of the air
cylinders pressing on the coaxial part of the resonator.
During the Summer overhaul period, the levels of thetwo rf dee electrodes were re-adjusted using a special

jig, since over the years they had sunk down from themedian plane by 4 mm at the maximum over a long
period of time.
Beam studies were performed on a few ion beams.
First, the acceleration test for 14 MeV protons was- 293 -

carried out aiming at obtaining higher intensities tomeet the requirement for RI production. By precisely
tuning the injection and extraction systems, an intensityof 30 PA became available. Next the acceleration
tests to increase the attainable maximum energies of
16 7+
O and 6Li3+ ions were carried out. The maximum
energies of these ions had been limited by the available
dee voltages, which are lower than the required ones incorrespondingly high frequencies. Recent simulations,however, showed that these energies could be increased
even with these available voltages by adjusting theinjection beam phase and the trim coils currents in thecentral region to enable a beam to clear the channel
immediately after the exit of the inflector. In these tests,
the maximum energies of 16O7+ and 6Li3+ ions wereactually increased from 10 to 11 and from 9.5 to 11.2
MeV/nucleon
A new hot lab has quickly become necessary when
the RI material produced at the C03 target station istreated chemically because the previous hot lab in thebasement of the Nishina Building was far too busy forthe new RI distribution, for the preparation of
uranium material in the ion source as well as for theordinary radiochemical research. Taking into accountof the convenience of the shortest distance of RI
transportation, the site right above the C03 with a direct
distance of 6 m in the polarized ion-source room wasselected as the location of the new hot lab. In order tomake the space for new hot lab, the previous 10GHz
ECR ion source was replaced by the super-conducting
ECR ion source that is more powerful and compact.
The new ion source which belongs to CNS was
installed in the Summer of 2008 after the 10 GHz ECRion source which had been used for twenty years, washanded over to Tohoku University in June 2008.
During the conversion of the ion sources, the Hyper
ECR was the only ion source for AVF. Due to theshortage in preparation time, it failed to deliver enoughintensities for the 28Si and 58Ni beam.

Fig. 1. The new layout of the polarized-ion-sourceroom. The 14GHz super-conducting ECR ion source(A) was installed in place of the old 10GHz ECR ion
source. A new hot lab (E) is just above of the C03
target station. (B) is Hyper-ECR ion source and (D) isthe rotating magnet for switching the two ECR ion

sources. The polarized deuteron source, which is on
second floor and is not shown in the figure, is same as
before and is now ready for supply the 250 MeV
polarized deuteron in the spring of 2009. (C) is the
CAPRIS (ECR ion source) which is used for theatomic physics reserches- 294 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 ((2009)
2009)

Charged Distribution of Radioisotopes Produced at AVF Cyclotron
T. Kambara, H. Haba, Y. Ezaki, K. Takahashi, and H. Miyamoto
RIKEN Nishina center started fee-based distributionof radioisotopes (RI’s) in order to contribute to thegeneral public in Japan through accelerator technologies.
RIKEN has a long history of production and application of RI’s at its cyclotrons since the ﬁrst cyclotron
was build in 1937. At the present AVF cyclotron, 19
nuclides with relatively long lifetime have been produced and used for experiments.1) Based on its historical background and accumulated know-how on RI
production, RIKEN Nishina Center has started feebased distribution of two nuclides, 65 Zn (T1/2 = 244
days) and 109 Cd (T1/2 = 463 days), to the general public. These nuclides were previously supplied by privatecompanies but recently they terminated the supply, although there is still demand.
Distribution is carried out in collaboration with theJapan Radioisotope Association2) (JRIA), an organization of RI users and research workers which maintains a complete system from supply to disposal of
RI’s in Japan. Transactions are based on a Material
Transfer Agreement between JRIA and RIKEN which
went into eﬀect in October 2007. Requests for RI’s canbe sent from inside of Japan through JRIA (FAX 035395-8055, E-mail: gyomu1@jrias.or.jp). The chemical form can be selected from solutions of hydrochloric
acid, acetic acid, nitric acid or isotonic sodium chloride, between 0.1 mL and 3 mL. Details are found in
the on-line ordering system J-RAM3) of JRIA. Normally the RI’s are distributed 10-16 days after the acceptance of the order. In 2008, we accepted 6 requests
for 109 Cd and distributed total amount of 33 MBq, and7 requests for 65 Zn and distributed 34.7 MBq.
The nuclides are produced at a beam line of the AVF
cyclotron dedicated to RI production, 65 Zn is producedby the reaction 65 Cu(p,n) with a metallic copper target and 109 Cd by the reaction 109 Ag(p,n) with a silver
target. The beam energy from the AVF cyclotron is 14
MeV and intensity is about 15 µA. The target is a stackof two disks with diameter of 10 mm and thickness of
0.125 mm each, purity of 99.99 % and natural isotopic
composition. The target is cooled by water and He
gas during irradiation which lasts about 2 days. Afterthe irradiation, 65 Zn is separated by an ion-exchange
method and 109 Cd by the AgCl precipitation and ionexchange method.
Examples of the quantity and quality of the nuclidesof our RI’s are as follows: In the case of 65 Zn, anamount of 73 MBq was produced in 41 hours of irradiation and 99 % of it was separated by the chemical processing, and in case of 109 Cd, an amount of 16
MBq was produced in 36 hours of irradiation and thechemical yield was 74 %. The impurities as well as the
speciﬁc activities of the puriﬁed RI’s were evaluatedusing ICP-MS. As an example, the speciﬁc activitiesof 65 Zn and 109 Cd were 410 and 340 kBq/ng, respectively.
The next nuclide candidates of fee-based distribution are 75 Se (T1/2 = 120 days) and 88 Y (T1/2 = 107days) and the production and separation techniques
are being developed.
We are also studying the production and applicationof short-lived RI’s with a gas-jet transport system.4)
The target chamber of the gas jet system is installedin front of the target for the production of 65 Zn and109
Cd, so the long- and short-lived RI’s are producedin parallel with the same beam.
References
1) H. Haba and S. Enomoto: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep.
38, 105 (2005).
2) http://www.jrias.or.jp/index.cfm/1,html (Japanese),
http://www.jrias.or.jp/index.cfm/11,html (English).
3) https://www.j-ram.net/jram/DispatchTopPage.do (inJapanese).
4) T. Takabe, Y. Kitamoto, D. Saika, K. Matsuo, Y.
Tashiro, T. Yoshimura, H. Haba, D. Kaji, and A. Shinohara: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 39, 113 (2006).

- 295 -

1

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

The operations of the RIBF ring cyclotrons
M. Kase, N. Fukunishi, E. Ikezawa, T. Nakagawa, H. Okuno, N. Sakamoto, M. Fujimaki, H. Hasebe, Y. Higurashi,
T. Kageyama, M. Kidera, M. Kobayashi-Komiyama, H. Kuboki, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, M. Nagase, J. Ohnishi,
Y. Ohshiro*1, K. Suda, T. Watanabe, K. Yamada, S. Yokouchi, T. Ohki*2,N. Tsukiori*2, T. Aihara*2, S. Fukuzawa*2,
M. Hamanaka*2, S. Ishikawa*2, K. Kobayashi*2, Y. Kotaka* 2, R. Koyama*2, K. Miyake*2, T. Nakamura*2,
M. Nishida*2, K. Oyamada*2, M. Tamura*2, A. Uchiyama*2, K. Yadomi*2, H. Yamauchi*2,
A. Goto, O. Kamigaito, and Y. Yano
*1

Center for Nuclear Study, the University of Tokyo*2

SHI Accelerator Service Ltd.

The RIBF accelerator complex consists of four ring

several months to sweep all the problems completely. Then

cyclotrons (RRC, fRC, IRC, and SRC) together with two

it was decided in April that the BigRIPS experiments were

injectors (RILAC and AVF). Although there are many

shifted in autumn.

acceleration modes, the RRC always works as the first

During the improvement of the SRC cryogenic system,

booster ring cyclotron in every acceleration mode. Figure 1

machine studies were performed for the 238U and 48Ca beamshows how every ring cyclotron operated in 2008 on a basis

accelerations without the SRC, focusing on checking ofof RRC Yearly operation-time, 3961 hr in 2008. About

stripper foils, improving beam monitors, conditioning many

half of them were spent for the RIBF accelerations; 30% forrf cavities, establishing precise isochronous magnetic field

the fixed-frequency acceleration mode of a238

U beam withan energy of 345MeV/u and 20% for the variable-frequency

in each ring cyclotron, stabilizing all the parameters of theaccelerators including the injector RILAC etc.

48

acceleration mode of a Ca beam with the same energy.
In early 2008, the BigRIPS experiments using the

The experiments of BigRIPS were reshcehduled and238

Ucarried out in November for 238U beam and in December for

beam with 345MeV/u had been scheduled in spring.

48

However trouble with oil contamination was found insummarized in Table 1.

February inside the BigRIPS and SRC cryogenic systems

parameters were dedicated for one frequency of 36.5 MHz

one after another and after following investigations, itin the IRC and the SRC, giving a final energy of 345MeV/u

Ca. The beam parameters during the experiments are
In 2008, the acceleration

turned out that the problem was so serious that it will take!"#$%&'&(%")&*"+")%,%+-&./&01(2&%3*%+4)%5,-&45&6778(%")

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Fig. 1. The operation statistic in 2008 of every ring
cyclotrons in the RIBF on basis of the RRC. The total
operation time of RRC was 3961 hr, corresponding to360 deg of the circle graph.

“Tune”

is the beamtuning for experiments, “MS” the machine study. The
dark portions with white letters are the experiments,
BigRIPS in RIBF and RIPS, E5, E3 in the Nishina
Building.

- 296 -

only.

hours.

In the BigRIPS experiments, the238

U beam was used for

About half of the RRC operation time was used on

the Zero Degree Spectrometer commissioning and also for

ordinary experiments in the Nishina Building as listed in

the new isotope search, resulting in a discovery of more

Table 2.

48

A total of 1000 hr was spent on six kinds ofthan twenty new isotopes. The Ca beam was used for the

RIPS

research for the nuclear structure and the gamma

ion-trapping technology, which was performed four times.

spectrometry.

During the238

experiments,

includingthedevelopmentof

U beam time, the beam

The experiments for the biological research were still so

intensity became larger and larger and finally reached toactive that a total of 89 hr were spent on them by using the

0.4pnA. The operation became gradually stable and in thethree kinds of beams 12C, 40Ar and 56Fe ions and repeating

last few days of the experiment, the beam stayed on the

17 times on a regular basis in the E5 target room. In the

BigRIPS target more than 90% of the available time. On

E3 target room, the following experiments were carried out;

the other hands, during the
problems

andCa beam time, several

frequently

interrupted

the RI productions for multi-tracer, the simulation of single

theevent in electronic devices against irradiation of cosmic ray,experiments, although the beam intensity reached a value

and the calibration of the radiation detector for cosmic ray.

(170pnA) more than expected. The cooling system of the

In August, one of the RIPS experiments using 28Si beam

beam monitor was paralyzed twice, probably due to a highwas interrupted for a half day due to an instantaneous power

irradiation of fast neutrons on its flow sencers. The plate

failure caused by a thunderbolt hitting a power facility near

power supply to one of the rf amplifier for the SRC

by. In the RIPS experiments using a beam of solid ions,resonator, RES1 was turned off due to an error of interlock

28

circuits. One of the SRC resonators, RES3, had a problem

supplied under a lack of preparation time of ion source due

inside and became unusable during the second half of theto an exchange of AVF ECR sources.

beam time.

occurred48

Si and 58Ni, the enough beam intensities could not be

A wide band amplifier for a flat-top system

of SRC had a problem in its output directional coupler.
The total interruption time amounted to more than eighty!"#$%&'!(%'%)*%+,-%./0'10,.2'/(%'334'#%"-0',.'&556
7%"-'481+0% 98:'8;'"$$8<"/,8.

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.

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Status of RIBF control system and beam interlock system
M. Kobayashi-Komiyama,

A. Uchiyama,＊1 T. Nakamura,＊1 M. Fujimaki, J. Odagiri,＊2 N. Yamada, H. Yamauchi, ＊1
M. Hamanaka, ＊1 N. Fukunishi and M. Kase

We report three developments of the RIBF control system.
The first is development of useful software used in the
recent fine tuning of the cyclotron complex. The second is
performance testing of our beam interlock system (BIS).
The third is introduction of a new EPICS-embedded system
on F3RP61-2L. Our work is crucial for providing highpower beams for RI-beam production at BigRIPS.
New software was developed to visualize data measured
by differential probes installed in our cyclotrons. The radial
pattern of the accelerating beam in the cyclotron is obtainedby measuring beam current with a thin electrode called a
differential probe. The radial distribution of the beam isstrongly affected by cyclotron parameters such as the RFphase of flat-top cavities. The new radial-probe software
has the following functions:- Zooming in or out of the graph on both the X and Y

Fig. 1.

Beam pattern in the IRC measured by IRC-MDP2 with reference data.

In addition, we created many new GUIs to support
cyclotron operators. For example, we prepared a bar-graphtype GUI to simultaneously show beam intensities lost at
the selected baffle slits placed at the entrance or exit ofmagnetic or electric channels of cyclotrons. It was very
helpful to know positions where beam losses took place.
The information on beam intensity is also transferred to the
BIS, whose purpose is to protect cyclotrons from serious
beam losses.
＊1
＊2

axes.
Automatically indicating the numerical coordinates ofthe mouse pointer on the graph. This function is used tomeasure turn separation.
- Saving raw data in a numerical table format.
- Leaving the measured data on the graph in shadow. We
use this function to compare the most recent data withprevious or a stored data.
- Selecting whether to display or hide the data from eachmeasurement finger of the radial probe.
Fig. 1 shows data measured by the IRC-MDP2 during a
48
Ca experiment. Thanks to the new functions mentioned
above, precise tuning of the RF phases and voltages ofaccelerating and one flattop cavities was done using the
new radial probe graph software. This worked effectively to
reduce beam losses in the cyclotrons during beam tuning.
-

SHI Accelerator Service Ltd
High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)

The BIS is a beam interlock system to protect various
devices in accelerators and their beam transport lines from
irradiation by excess beam.1) It turns on a beam chopper
placed at the exit of an ion source when the system senses asafety alarm signal from devices. To definitely ensure that abeam is shut off, the system simultaneously sends a signal
to insert a Faraday cup located upstream of the sensed
device. In the current state, many alarm signals areconnected into the BIS: breakdown of RF control, errors ofmagnet power supplies, vacuum systems, temperaturemonitor system of SRC, doors of each experimental cave,

171-3- 298 -

and so on. In addition to digital alarm signals, the BIS canstop a beam by setting a threshold for analog data measured
by beam baffle slits in cyclotrons. Three BIS were installed
to the RILAC area, the RRC and fRC area, and the IRC and
SRC area. The BIS is a system based on PLCs. Each BIS
has 5 PLC stations except for RILAC one (3 stations).
Optical fiber cables connect among them and 5 PLC
stations constitute one loop structure. Each safety alarm
signal and output signal is connected into the I/O module ineach station. The BIS was introduced into the RIBF in 2005.
The BIS debugging processes have been conducted in thethree subsequent years. Recently the beam power from SRC
was greatly increased, for example to 3 kW for a 48Ca beam.
It is essential for each BIS to properly carry out its functionof preventing destruction of cyclotrons by high beam power.
This year we improved the circuit of a beam chopper usedin BIS. During the experiments, all BIS worked perfectly,
i.e.; the beam chopper and Faraday cups stopped the beam
without exception after receiving alarm signals or signals
caused by threshold-over beam losses. This implies that BIS
is now finished. The remaining problem is that the
programmed logic for the action of the beam chopper is notcorrect. The program for the action of the beam chopper
will have to be improved in 2009.
Last are new developments this year in our EPICS-based
control system. Many PLCs have been adopted in the RIBF
control system. They implement various control logics onthemselves and control devices such as radial probes ofcyclotrons, vacuum systems of cyclotrons, and so on. Most
are controlled or monitored in the EPICS-based control
system. In order to control PLCs on EPICS, PLCs need tobe connected with EPICS Input/Output Controllers (IOCs)
through Ethernet connections to convert the communication
protocols (EPICS Channel Access protocol and the
proprietary communication protocol of each company¶s
PLC). If it is possible to run EPICS IOC programs on the
PLC CPUs themselves, that is a more cost-effective andconvenient solution for us. The reason is that this eliminates
the need to install a PC for running IOC programs, and was
can just create control programs with EPICS sequencers
only instead of creating ladder programs for PLCs and
EPICS sequencers for IOC. At the beginning of this year,
Yokogawa Electric Corporation developed a new CPU
module running Linux which can function with a basemodule and I/O modules of FA-M3 PLC, F3RP61-2L.2) Westarted to develop embedded EPICS on F3RP61-2L incollaboration with the KEK control group and successfullycomplete the development in June.3) It is expected that
introducing F3RP61-2L will make our control system
simpler and easier to maintain. In July, we successfully
controlled a test switch box with some push buttons andindicators using F3RP61-2L. Furthermore, we recently
succeeded in setting and reading an analog value to a test
system. Fig. 2 shows a PLC test system with a F3RP61-2L.
In J-PARC (KEK), F3RP61-2Ls have been used to control
power supplies and the motion of septum magnets andbeam diagnostic devices in the slow extraction line of the
J-PARC Main Ring. Encouraged by the results, we plan to

introduce the embedded EPICS on F3RP61-2L into thefollowing newly installed and current systems:- Control system of CNS super-conducting ECR ion
source.
- Control system of a new super-conducting ECR ion
source of RILACⅡ.
- Control system of the injection buncher, RFQ, andrebuncher of RILAC.
- Control system for motion control of Faraday cups of
RILAC.4)
We have already made the system for the third system
above, and will try to introduce it in February 2009.
Furthermore, we have started developing control systems
for the first two systems with the aim of using them in early2009.

Fig. 2.

F3RP61-2L (the second from left module) in a test
system.

References

1) M. Komiyama et al.: Proc. 2nd Annu. Meet. Of Particle
Accelerator Society of Japan and 30th Linear Accelerator Meet.
In Japan, Tosu, 2005-7 (2005), p. 615.
2) http://www.yokogawa.co.jp/rtos/Products/rtos-prdcpu9-ja.htm
3) A, Uchiyama et al.: Proc. PCaPAC08, Ljubljana, Slovenia,
2008-10, p.145.
4) M. Komiyama et al.: Proc. 5th Annu. Meet. Of Particle
Accelerator Society of Japan and 33rd Linear Accelerator Meet.
In Japan, Hiroshima, 2008-8 (2008), p. 376.

171-3
- 299 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Water Cooling System of Accelerator for RIBF
T. Maie, K. Kusaka, T. Kageyama, E. Ikezawa, Y.Watanabe, H. Okuno and M. Kase

The water cooling system for the RI Beam Factory(RIBF) was newly constructed in 2004. Photographs of thewater-pumps and the cooling towers are shown in Fig. 1, Fig.
2, Fig.3, and Fig. 4. A block diagram of the water coolingsystem is shown in Fig. 5. There are seven categories asfollows ; the No.1 cold-water circuit(CW-1), the No.2
cold-water circuit(CW-2), the No.2 Cooling-tower circuit(CT-2), the No.3 Cooling-tower circuit(CT-3), the No.4
Cooling-tower circuit(CT-4), the Sub-system and the coolingsystem for the fixed-frequency Ring Cyclotron (fRC).
The precise temperature control function adheres to the fRC
Cooling system, supplying the controlled water at ±0.1degree
to each main and trim coil.
The system was designed to save energy. In every
water-pump in these systems, a highly effective motor with
an efficiency of 93.5% is used, as shown in Fig.1, compared
to a normal motor with an efficiency of 91%. In addition, theuse of low-noise and low-vibration devices together withinverter circuits is also effective.

Fig. 2.

Photograph of the Cooling Towers on the rooftop.

Fig. 3.

Photograph of the Cooling water-pump on the first floor.

Fig.1. Photograph of the Water-pump with highly effective motor.
( JIS Standard C4212 )Fig.4. The Sub-system cooling pump.㧔IRC room on the second
floor in the basement㧕- 300 -

RRC: RIKEN RING Cyclotron,fRC: fixed-frequency Ring Cyclotron,

IRC: Intermediate-stage Ring Cyclotron, SRC㧦 Superconducting Ring Cyclotron

Fig. 5. Schematic diagram of the Water-Cooling System of the Accelerator for RIBF

The total operation time of the water-cooling system infiscal year 2008 was 120 days due to oil-contamination
trouble in the SRC and BigRIPS helium refrigerators.
In December, during the beam time, the water pump
(P-13) in the sub-system stopped twice due to a failure ofits control circuit. It may have been by the high-level
radiation of fast neutrons from a beam line. One of thesystem water-flow sensor which was being irradiated,made an error signal. The sensor will be moved far fromthe beam line in 2009.
Because the systems CT-2 and CT-3 supply water tovarious equipment, there is frequently a lack of water flow
in some equipment. Fine adjustment of water-flow division
is always an important and hard task when new equipment
is installed.
The construction of the cooling system for the new
injector (RILACΤ) was designed as shown in Fig. 6. The
new system will use cold water from CGS system as muchas possible.

Fig. 6. Schematic diagram of the cooling system for RILACΤ

- 301 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Radiation Safety Management at RIBF
Y. Uwamino, H. Sakamoto, R. Hirunuma Higurashi, H. Mukai*1, A. Horigome, H. Fukuda, S. Fujita, T. Yamaki, K. Igarashi,
K. Nakano and S. Iizuka

Table 1. Dose rates measured at beam lines in 2008.
Points 1-31 indicate measured locations shown in Fig. 2.
Point

2008

Y ear

2006

1

2004

10

No accelerator was operated between August 19 and
September 13, and the dose rates at this period wereassumed to be natural background. The net accumulateddose, i.e., the dose after the subtraction of background, atthe computer room in 2008 was 3.5 PSv which was much
lower than the legal limit (5 mSv/y). The annual dose since1999 is shown in Fig. 4. The value increased until 2005 anddecreased after that due to the operation condition of RRC.
The net dose rates at the site boundary are very small,because the influence of the accelerator operation is tiny,
owing to the long distances and the thick shields. The net
accumulated dose at any point was smaller than thedetection limit, which was assumed to be one standard
deviation; 8 PSv/y for gammas and 2 PSv/y for neutrons. In
any case, the annual dose at the site boundary was much
lower than the legal limit (1 mSv/y).

A VF
R RC

2002

2

2000

10

1998

3

1996

10

1994

4

1992

10

1990

5

1988

10

1986

Dose rate (PSv/h)Residual radioactivity at the deflector of the AVF
cyclotron was measured to be 12.5 mSv/h on December 4,
18 hours after an operation with a 6.2 MeV/u 300 pnA 20Ne
beam. We did not have an opportunity to measure the RRC
deflector in 2008. Figure 1 shows the variation in the dose
rates at these deflectors since 1986. The beam intensity of
AVF was increased for the radioisotope production and thedose rate incresed again.
The residual radioactivity was measured along the beamlines after almost every experiment. Spots 1–31, marked
with solid circles in Fig. 2, are the places where high dose
rates were observed. Table 1 shows these dose rates
together with the measurement dates, beam conditions andthe decay periods following the end of an operation. The
maximum dose rate was found to be 5.2 mSv/h at point 29
on the surface of G01 Faraday cup after SRC.
We continuously monitor the radiation in and around the
RIBF facility by using neutron and gamma area monitors.
The results at the site boundary (No. 1-4 posts) and at thecomputer room of the Nishina building which is theboundary of the radiation controlled area are shown in Fig.
3. The values are the average dose rates of each day
including natural background radiation. No. 1 post is close
to the Wako Daiyon Elementary School, No. 2 is in front of
the Nishina building, No. 3 is close to Route 254 and No. 4
is close to the BSI Central Building. The computer room ison the ground floor immediately above a bending magnet
that guides the beam from the RRC vault to the distribution
corridor.
Due to the constant natural gamma radiation from thebuilding structure, the gamma dose rate at the computerroom is high and stable, the computer room’s neutron dose,
however, is low because of theshielding effect of thebuildingagainst the cosmic neutrons and as a result of it
being strongly affected by the accelerator operation.

Fig. 1. Dose rate at the deflectors of RRC and AVF since1986. Dose rates were not measured at RRC in 2002, 2004
and 2008.
䋪1

Japan Environment Research Corp.

- 302 -

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31

Dose
rate
(ȝSv/h)

280
1200
550
45
550
42
40
13
18
25
18
40
50
40
750
150
40
18
27
250
45
13
14
23
12
1300
700
130
5200
200
950

Decay
Date
Energy Intensity
Particle
period(M/D)(MeV/u) (pnA)(h)

8/14 Si-27
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
6/10 Ca-48
6/10 Ca-48
6/10 Ca-48
6/10 Ca-48
6/10 Ca-48
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
8/14 Si-28
5/2 U-238
5/2 U-238
6/10 Ca-48
6/13 N-14
6/13 N-14
5/2 U-238
6/10 Ca-48
6/10 Ca-48
12/24 Ca-48
6/10 Ca-48
6/10 Ca-48
12/24 Ca-48
12/24 Ca-48
12/25 Ca-48
12/25 Ca-48

135
135
135
135
114
114
114
114
114
135
135
135
135
135
135
135
114
114
114
135
135
114
114
114
345
114
114
345
345
345
345

6
6
6
6
68
68
68
68
68
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
2
2
68
500
500
2
68
68
160
68
68
160
160
160
160

173
173
173
173
24
24
24
24
24
173
173
173
173
173
173
173
3
3
24
293
293
3
24
24
109
24
24
80
80
109
109

SRC

㪉㪏

AVF

E6

RRC

㪈
㪉

E5

㪊

㪋
㪌

E7

㪈㪍

㪈㪌

㪈㪋 㪈㪊

㪈㪉 㪈㪈 㪐 㪎

㪉㪐
IRC

㪉㪎

㪊㪇

㪉㪍

㪊㪈

㪍
㪏

BigRIPS

㪈㪇
㪉㪉

㪉㪌
㪉㪇
㪉㪈

E4

E3

E2

E1

㪈㪎
㪈㪏 㪈㪐

㪉㪋

㪉㪊


Fig. 2. Layout of beam lines at RIBF. Locations where high residual radioactivity was observed are indicated by solid circles,
1-31.
for gammas were observed at the He compressor room on
the 1st floor of RIBF accelerator building. In the radiation
controlled area, streaming radiations through the air ductfrom IRC vault caused the highest dose rate of 210 PSv/hfor neutrons and 40 PSv/h for gammas at the He refrigerator
room on the 1st basement floor. The streaming from SRC
vault was found to be as small as 1.5 PSv/h for neutrons and4 PSv/h for gammas.
12

Accumulated dose (PSv/y)

The water in the closed cooling systems at BigRIPS was
sampled after the operation with an intense 345-MeV/u 48Ca
beam in December, 2008, and radionuclide concentrations
were measured by using a liquid-scintillation counter and a
Ge detector. The results are shown in Table 2. The
concentration of the cooling water used at the side-wallbeam dump was highest, but the sum total of the ratiosofthe concentrations to the legal limits for the drain waterover all the radionuclides is still much smaller than unity.
We will monitor these concentrations, and release the water
before they exceed the legal limit.
Radiation surveys in and around the RIBF building werealso performed by using hand-held detectors during theaccelerator operation with the 48Ca beam in December,2008. At the boundary of the radiation controlled area, thehighest dose rates of 0.7 PSv/h for neutrons and 0.2 PSv/h
No.4 BSI(g)X8

Dose rate (PSv/h)

10No.4 BSI(n)X8
No.3 R254(n)X4
No.2 Nishina(n)X2
No.1 Elem.school(n)computer room(n)-310
1/1/083/1/08

5/1/08

7/1/089/1/08

11/1/08

4
2

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Fig. 4. Accumulated leakage radiations at the computerroom of Nishina building since 1999.

No.2 Nishina(g)X2
No.1 Elem.school(g)

10

6

Year

computer room(g)X1.5

-2

8

0

No.3 R254(g)X4-1

10

1/1/09Date

Fig. 3. Daily averaged dose rates in 2008 at the siteboundary (No. 1 through No. 4) and at the computer roomof the Nishina building. (g) and (n) represent gammas andneutrons, respectively, and “×2”, for example, means thevalues are multiplied by 2.

Table 2. Radionuclide concentration in cooling water of
BigRIPS at January 7, 2009, the legal limits for drain water,
and the ratio of the concentration to the limit.
cooling water
nuclide concentration 3 limit ratio tolimit(Bq/cm )F0 target
H-3
-1)
60
Exit beam dump
H-3
1.7e-12)60
2.9e-3H-3
3.5e-160
5.8e-3Be-㧣
9.5e-130
3.2e-2Co-57
6.4e-44
1.6e-4Co-58
3.7e-31
3.7e-3Side-wall beam
Mn-52
5.3e-4
0.5 1.1e-3
dump
Mn-54
5.4e-41
5.4e-4Mn-56
7.8e-43
2.6e-4Na-22
5.8e-4
0.3 1.9e-3
Ca-47
1.5e-3
0.5 2.9e-3
summation 4.8e-2
1) lower than detection limit. 2) read as 1.7×10-1- 303 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Radiation field measurement around BigRIPS with a uranium beam
H. Mukai,*1 A. Horigome, H. Fukuda, H. Sakamoto, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida and Y. Uwamino)8㪇㱢㪉㪉 㪈㪇㪇䍃㪉㪉㪉㪉 㪈㪇㪇䍃㪉㪉

㪞

㪣㪮㪄㪈

㪣㪮㪄㪈

⢛߆ߏઃ
࠲࡜࠶ࡊ

y

values, but it seems to be more than several tens of % in the
results for position B and the photon result for position E.

㪈 㪐 㪑㪸㪺㫋㫀㫍㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㫊㪸㫄㫇㫃㪼㫊㪘㪘 㪞 㪑㪫㪣㪛㩷㪻㫆㫊㫀㫄㪼㫋㪼㫉㫊㓏Ბ㧞

To investigate the neutron field around BigRIPS,
activation reaction rates of C, Al, Au and Bi samples were
measured with a 345-MeV/u 238U86+ beam in November,2008. Effective doses due to neutrons and photons werealso measured with thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs),of which the neutron dosimeter was developed by us. The
beam was stopped at the BigRIPS beam dump andmaximum intensity was about 0.35 pnA. The positions ofsamples and dosimeters are shown in Fig. 1. The circled
numbers 1-9 are numbers of activation samples, and theletters A-G enclosed in squares indicate TLD dosimeters.
The induced radioactivity of samples was measured with
Ge detectors, and the reaction rate, y (U-1 [sample atom]-1),
was obtained with the following formula.

㪙§·
N T u 86 u 1.602 u 10 19 ¨ N S q(t ) u e O (T t ) dt ¸
o
©
¹
T

㪐㪚

³

㓏Ბ㧝㧜

㪏
&0



㪎
㪍㪝
㪉
$+)4+25೨ቶ

㪌
㪈

㪋

㪜

㪊㪛
⢛㩀㩄㩨ઃ
࠲࡜࠶ࡊ

Where NT is the number of radionuclides at the end of
irradiation, NS is the number of atoms in the sample, T is theirradiation length, q(t) is the U beam current in amperes attime, t, and O is the decay constant.
The results for the reaction rate, y, are shown in Table 1.
Threshold reactions at positions 3 and 4 were below thedetection limit, and the 197Au(n,J)198Au reaction rates were
found to be only 1.1×10-29 and 2.0×10-28 for positions 3 and4, respectively. Any activity at position 9 was not observed.
The dose equivalents measured with TLD dosimeters areshown in Table 2. Background radiation is not included inthese values. It is difficult to estimate the error in theseFig. 1. Positions of samples and dosimeters around
BigRIPS.

Table 1. Measured reaction rates per one 238U86+ ion per one atom of activation sample.
halfEth
positiontype of reaction
(MeV)
life
1
2
5
6
7
12
C(n,2nD)7Be
53.1d
28.5
6.5e-301)
8.5e-322)
8.3e-30-3)
12
C(n,2n)11C
20.3m
20.3
1.7e-29
1.6e-31
1.8e-292.0e-32
27
Al(n,D)24Na
15.0h
3.2
1.1e-29
4.0e-31
1.9e-29
1.4e-32
197
Au(n,J)198Au
2.69d
2.5e-27
2.2e-27
4.6e-27
5.5e-29
1.0e-27
197
Au(n,2n)196Au
6.18d
8.1
2.5e-28
1.1e-29
3.5e-28
197
Au(n,4n)194Au
1.64d
23.2
9.0e-29
2.5e-30
1.3e-28209
Bi(n,4n)206Bi
6.24d
22.6
1.2e-28
2.9e-30
1.1e-28
9.2e-33
1.6e-31209
Bi(n,5n)205Bi
15.3d
29.6
1.4e-28
2.6e-30
1.3e-28
1.1e-32
1.9e-31209
Bi(n,6n)204Bi
11.2h
38.1
7.0e-29
6.8e-315.3e-29
5.2e-32209
Bi(n,7n)203Bi
11.8h
45.4
7.4e-29
5.2e-31
4.0e-29
6.8e-32209
Bi(n,8n)202Bi
1.72h
54.2
7.5e-29
3.3e-31
4.7e-29
9.3e-32209
Bi(n,9n)201Bi
1.80h
61.7
3.2e-29
1.9e-312.7e-29209
Bi(n,10n)200Bi
36.4m
70.9
3.0e-29
2.3e-29
1) Read as 6.5×10-30. 2) Underline indicates error larger than 10%. 3) Lower than detection limit.
Table 2. Dose equivalent rate (PSv/h) at 1-pnA 238U86+ ion beam measured with TLD dosimeters.
positiontype of radiation
A
B
C
D
E
F
neutron
-1)
0.080
11
260
1.4
2500
photon
0.56
1.4
30
0.32
160
1) Lower than detection limit.
䋪1Japan Environment Research Corp.

- 304 -

8
3.3e-33
7.3e-312.0e-32
2.2e-32
2.0e-32
1.3e-32
1.3e-32-

G
3.8-

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Operation of Cryogenic System for the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron
H. Okuno, T. Dantsuka, K. Yamada, M. Kase, O. Kamigaito and Y. Yano

2008 was a tough year for operation of thesuperconducting ring cyclotron (SRC) cryogenic
system. Oil contamination of the helium refrigerator
from the compressor forced us to stop operation for six
months in order to clean up the oil-contaminated He
refrigerator and to install two additional oil separators
to the existing helium compressor units. A few dropsof oil found at the seats of the low temperature valvesin the helium refrigerator alerted us of the oil
contamination in February. Further investigation of theinside of the refrigerator showed the contamination to
be very severe and dispersed over the whole
refrigerator. We decided that internal parts (pipes, heatexchangers etc.) should be cleaned with florine225 toremove the oil in the helium refrigerator. Clean-up of
the heat exchangers in particular was very tough work.
We took them to the clean factory to allow them towash them in the various angles. Another importanttask was to increase oil separation capability by adding
2-stage oil separators. Details of the restoration are
described in the report by Dantsuka [1].
Restoration of the cryogenic system lasted until theend of August and Saitama prefecture allowed us to
produce high pressure helium gas after the test
according to the high pressure gas safety regulation on
August 28, 2008. We restarted the helium compressor
in order to check performances of the oil separation
systems where the 2-stage separators were newly
installed. Measured data showed that oil contamination
was lower than the level which the cold trap monitor
can detect (40 ppb) while designed contamination is 20
ppb. Next, we performed stand-alone operation tocheck cooling capacity. Some filters were installed toblock incoming oil impurities. Pressure drops may be

Fig. 1: Cool-down curves of the SRC superconducting
magnets.

Fig. 2: Flow rate trends in the helium refrigerator.

generated at the filters, causing degradation of coolingpower of the helium refrigerator. Measured coolingpower was larger than that required for cooling of the
SRC superconducting magnets. The two test results
mentioned above let us proceed to the next stage of
operation of the helium refrigerator in the connection
with the superconducting magnets. After purification
operation for about 1 week, we started cool-down
operation of the superconducting magnets. Fig. 1
shows the cool-down curves with those obtained in theoperation of 2005. It took about 22 days to cooldown the superconducting magnets from room
temperature to 4.2 K, indicating no degradation ofcooling power compared with first cool-down when
the refrigerator contained no oil. After the end of cooldown operation, liquid helium was transferred to theFig. 3: Performance of the control of the liquid helium
level.

- 305 -

/$1IRUWKH&U\RJHQLF6\VWHPRIWKH65&

90(+HUHIULJHUDWRU&RQWURO,2SDQQHOIRU+HUHIULJHUDWRU+HUHIULJHUDWRU

5HIOHFWLYH0HPRU\

90(&RQWUROIRUWKH6&0DJQHWV,2SDQQHOIRUWKH6&0DJQHWV

6&0DJQHWV&RQWURO3DQQHOIRU3RZHU6XSSOLHV

3RZHU6XSSOLHVZLWK4XHQFKGHWHFWRUV

Fig. 4: Cryogenic control system for the SRC superconducting magnets and helium refrigerator.

helium vessel for the magnets and steady operation
was attained on October 3, 2008. The superconducting
magnets were excited to accelerate uranium andcalcium beams in the SRC in November and Decemberof 2008. At present (February 2009) stable steady
operation is continuing without any severe trouble
requiring us to stop the refrigerators. Fig. 2 shows theflow rate trend through the helium refrigerator with thetrends during 2006-2007 operation. Long-term
operation lasted more than 100 days, showing no signof degradation of the flow rate, while operation in2006 and 2007 was terminated around 60 days due todegradation. These trend graphs clearly suggest that
this phenomenon occurred due to oil contamination in
the refrigerators and the present refrigerator was very
clean. In 2006-2007 we warmed up the refrigerator
every two months to room temperature to recovercooling power. We understand now that the frequent
warm-ups made the oil to disperse to all the pipes of
the refrigerator.
In stable operation the thermal load to thesuperconducting magnets is almost constant. Slow
feedback is enough to maintain the level of the liquid
helium in the 2000 L reserve tank. The ratio of supply
valve opening in the refrigerator to the magnet is
automatically changed by the magnitude of -0.6 x(level change) every 30 minutes. Fig. 3 shows good
performance of the level control. A large change in theheat load occurs in excitation and de-excitation of the
ActionFast shut down & isolation of
the He refrigerator
Slow shut down

Condition
Quench.
Bad thermal insulating vacuum.
Compressor or Turbine Trip.
High or low liquid He level.
High temp. of the S.C. coils.
Low flow of gas He to P.L.
High temp. of P.L.
Low flow of the liquid He to the
S.C. trim and SBM.

superconducting magnets due to eddy current in thealuminum support for the superconducting trim coils.
This change in the heat load can be compensated bychanging the power of the heater in the helium vessel,
thereby keeping pressure constant in the vessel. Fig. 4
shows that this pressure control moderates
disturbances in the liquid level and temperature
distribution inside the helium refrigerators. Aninterlock and alarm system were installed for safety oflong-term operation. The figure shows the cryogenic
control system of the helium refrigerator andsuperconducting magnets. The system consists of
VME1 for control of the refrigerator and VME2 forcontrol of the cryogenic parts of superconducting
magnets. Each VME has a reflective shared memory
connected with the other through optical fibers. Thissystem can communicate with the power supply
control panel where important information on the
superconducting magnets is gathered. Table 1 lists
conditions and actions of the interlocks which prevent
serious trouble involving the magnets and therefrigerator. Monitoring oil contamination from thecompressor is very important for preventing oil
contamination of the helium refrigerator again. Cold
trap measurement after the final stage is performed
once every two months and oil contamination after
each separator was measured once a month. Oilvolume in the drain of the each separator iscontinuously monitored. Operation will continue until
the end of the next June to check that oil separation
system works well even after a 9 month period of longterm operation.
Reference1). T. Dantsuka, et. al. in this report.

Table 1: Interlock list for the SRC superconducting
magnets.
- 306 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Oil contamination of the cryogenic system for SRC
T. Dantsuka, H. Okuno and M. Kase

Operation of the He refrigerator for SRC was stopped
in 2008 due to oil from the compressor contaminating
the refrigerator. It took six months to investigate andrecover from the problem. Subsequent operation
started in September, and has been very stable thanks
to a complete recovery process 1). This report describes
details of the investigation and recovery.
The cryogenic system for SRC started operation in
the autumn of 2005. The system successfully cooleddown the large superconducting magnets for SRC tocarry out magnetic field measurements and beamcommissioning from 2006 to 2007. However operationof the refrigerator itself was not very satisfactory, andit had to be stopped every two months due todegradation of cooling power. Investigation of
impurities such as H20 and N2 was carried out during
operation, but did not suggest any reason why thecooling capacity degrades in such short period of twomonths. The cryogenic system for BigRIPS also had asimilar problem. In February of 2008, however, a few
drops of oil were found at the seat of the cryogenic
valves in the He refrigerator for BigRIPS, and thisgave us the key to solve the problem. The next day oil
was also found in the SRC refrigerator, andinvestigation of the oil contamination was initiated.
First, we focused on the investigating how much oil
is contained in the He refrigerator and where the oil

vacuum pump and so on. We opened the filter locatedjust upstream of the first turbine as shown in Fig. 1 tocheck whether oil reached there by going through the
80K adsorber made from charcoal which protects
against oil from the compressor. We found a mixtureof the charcoal and oil there, strongly indicating thatoil coming from the compressor is enough to overload
80K adsorber and the lower temperature stage of the
He refrigerator. Next the 1st heat exchanger (HX) was
inspected. Alarge amount of oil was found there, and it
was very difficult to remove the oil with AK225
cleaner (HCFC-225ca) from the HXs because it has acomplicated structure and sits in sideways. Less thanten percent of the oil contained in the 1st HX could be
removed after much trial and error. So we decided cut
the units of the 1st – 4th HXs from the refrigerator in
April for cleaning in the factory, which would allow us
to clean them in various sitting angles and access thelower temperature region of the He refrigerator. Fig. 2
shows the cleaning process for each heat exchanger
unit in the factory. Cleaning enables us to know thecorrect volume of contamination of the oil andcharcoal from the 80K adsorber. Inspection of thelower temperature region at the RIKEN site gave us
the volume of the oil using NVR (Non Volatile
Residue) technique. Finally it was found that about
400 cc of oil was contained in the helium refrigerator

Fig. 1. Diagram of the SRC He refrigerator. T1-T4 stand for the first – fourth turbines, and HX1-7 stand for the 1st-7th heatexchangers. The new or improved filters are shown with the existing filters.

comes from. Infrared spectroscopy of the oil made it
clear that it came from the screw compressor not theand cleaning was carried out to reduce the contained
oil up to about 4 cc. Replacement of charcoal in the 80- 307 -

Fig. 2. Cleaning process of the heat exchangers in thefactory.

K adsorber was a hard task due to the limited access tothe inside. Filling charcoal into the vessel for the 80 K
adsorber without spaces is important to prevent
degradation of the charcoal, which can damage theseats of the cryogenic valves and the heat exchangers
in the He refrigerators. This was successfully done
after much try and error.
In parallel with the cleaning process, additional oil
separators were designed after reconsidering the oil
separation system in the compressor unit. Originally it
consisted of four oil separators. The 1st is the demister
type, the 2 and 3rd consist of coalescer elements andthe 4th consists of charcoal and molecular sieves. We
decided to add a coalescer element (the 1.5th
separator) and a 5th separator made of charcoal as
shown in Fig. 3. Estimated oil contamination is about
10 ppb which is smaller than the original design valuesby 10 ppb. Furthermore, filters to prevent incoming oil
were installed before and in the inside of the helium
refrigerator as shown in the Fig. 1. The recovery
process, including many welding points for the pipeand covering super insulators, was the next important
issue. Welding was an especially hard task in thelimited space inside the refrigerator.
Permission to make the high pressure gas was given
on Aug. 28, 2008 by Saitama Prefecture after the entire
recovery process was complete. Tests of compressor
running and stand-alone operation of the refrigerator
were performed before we started to cool-down the
superconducting magnets for SRC. The test results
showed that cooling power in stand-alone operation
was 1378.2 W at 4.5 K while initial cooling power was
1410.4 W in 2004. This degradation, which isallowable for cool-down of the SRC magnets, mayarise from pressure drops caused by adding somefilters to the high pressure lines of the refrigerators.

Fig. 3. Oil separators for the He compressors. The 1.5th
and 5th separators were newly installed.

The process for cleaning and recovery gave us theopportunity to inspect the inside of the refrigerator,even though the main purpose was to remove oil fromthe refrigerator. First we found a large amount ofmetallic dust in the phase separator. We found that thisdust comes from factory processes and left it
untouched because the probability of it affecting theturbines and superconducting coils is thought to bevery low. Second, we found a leak in the heatexchanger made of copper pipe placed in the phaseseparator. This unit improves the quality of the liquid
helium before supplying it to the magnet. This leak isallowable for the present operation but we are afraidthat it will become larger in long term operation,
resulting in pressure in the pipe becoming the same asthat in the phase separators, and causing the supply of
liquid helium to stop. We will keep monitoring theleak by checking again after one year of operation.
References
1) H. Okuno et. al.: in this report.

- 308 -

㩷 RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)㪅㩷

Present status of the BigRIPS cryogenic plant

K. Kusaka, M. Ohtake, T. Kubo, K. Yoshida, A. Yoshida, T. Ohnishi, Y. Yanagisawa, N. Fukuda, Y. Yano,
M. Nobutoki,䋪1 H. Ito,䋪2 T. Sasaki,䋪2 N. Kakutani,䋪2 T. Tsuchihasi,䋪2 and K. Sato䋪2
The five superconducting triplet quadrupoles (STQ1 –STQ5) in the first stage of the BigRIPS separator are cooled
by a large liquid helium cryogenic plant. The main
components are a Linde-TCF50S refrigerator (cold box), a
Mayekawa 315 kW compressor unit, one 10 m3 and two
100 m3 helium buffer tanks, a 2000 L liquid helium Dewar
vessel, and a 50-m-long transfer line.1) The whole cryogenic
system, including the STQs was fabricated by Toshiba
Corporation and Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation, andinstalled in the RIBF building at the beginning of 2004.
Test operation of the BigRIPS cryogenic plant was
performed from March 2004 to June 2006.2,3) Stand-alone
tests of the cold box and heat-load measurements of thetransfer line were conducted untill August 2005. The firstcooling operation of the whole system was performed in
October and November 2004 and took 20 days.2) The
measurement results and the estimated excess cooling
capacity are summarized in ref. 2 and ref. 3. The second
cooling operation was performed in May and June 2006.
Excitation tests of the STQs, and the simultaneous
excitation of all the BigRIPS magnets were successfully
performed during 43 days of continuous operation in the
refrigerator mode.3)
Regular operation of the BigRIPS cryogenic plant started
in October 2006. The cryogenic plant typically operates
according to the following thermal cycle: purification ofhelium gas, pre-cooling, liquefaction, steady state operationin refrigerator mode, and warm-up.
The first operation cycle was from October 2006 to
January 2007 (Cycle I). After 3 weeks of steady operationin the refrigerator mode, the heater power in the phaseseparator (PS), which corresponds to the excess of cooling
capacity, started decreasing gradually. We stopped therefrigerator after 53 days of operation in the refrigerator
mode, since we could not keep the liquid helium levels in
the cryostats of STQs constant. We then warmed up thecold box separately and re-cooled the whole system after
purification operation while taking great care regarding
impurity concentration in the helium gas.3)
The second cycle was from January to April 2007 (CycleII) in which the first RI beam has been successfully
produced by the BigRIPS separator. However, we wereagain forced to stop the refrigerator after 59 days of steadystate operation due to degradation of the cooling capacity.
We repeated two more thermal cycles prior to July 2007
in the same way as Cycle I and II in accordance with the
BigRIPS beam time schedule. The third cycle (Cycle III)was from April to June 2007 and the fourth (Cycle IV) was
䋪1
䋪2

Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation
Toshiba Corporationfrom June to July 2007. Commissioning experiments of
BigRIPS separator were successfully performed in these
periods. The cooling capacity decreased gradually in bothcycles. The periods of steady operation in refrigerator
mode were 39 days and 43 days in Cycle III and Cycle IV,
respectively. As reported in ref. 3, we have measured theinorganic impurity concentrations in helium gas repeatedly
in these cycles, but we could not find the reason for thecooling-capacity deterioration.
After a series of these operation cycles, we conductedmaintenance on the oil-removal module of the compressor
unit and some of the cryogenic valves in the cold box inearly 2008. In February 2008 when the cryogenic valve at
the entrance of the 80K adsorber (ADS) which leaked in
Cycle IV was removed for maintenance, a small amount ofoil was found on the valve sheet. The oil contamination in
the cold box was investigated using fiber scopes and it was
found that the heat exchangers and internal high pressurelines in the cold box were contaminated. The highpressure line between the compressor unit and the cold box
was also investigated and oil was found in the strainer at theentrance of the cold box. The oil was identified by Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis as comingfrom the compressor unit. We have concluded that thereason for the decreasing cooling capacity oil contaminationin the heat exchangers.
The oil removal module of the compressor unit was theninvestigated using the oil check kit which is often used by
the compressor manufacturer. The oil contamination level ismeasured by the size of oil spots on a prepared slide on
which sampling helium gas was blown.
Our maincompressor is a 2-stage oil-flooded screw type with a flowrate of 73.5 g/sec and a discharge pressure of 1.60 MPaG.
Compressor lubricant injected to the screws is separated
from the discharged helium gas using a 4-stage oil removal
module comprised of an oil vessel with a demister as a bulk
oil separator, two coalescer vessels, and an adsorbent vessel
which contains activated charcoal and molecular sieves.
Residual oil at the exit of each separator stage wasmeasured to be 3750, 100, 7.5, and 1.25 ppm (weight) in
2008, whereas it was 2500, 5, <0.25, and < 0.25 ppm(weight) in 2004. FTIR combined with the cold trap
method was also performed in 2004 to measure oil
contamination at the exit of the adsorbent vessel and theresult was less than 40 ppb (weight). Since residual oil atthe exit of the adsorbent vessel was too high, we decided
not to perform cold trap measurement in 2008. The
significant increase in oil contamination at the exits of thetwo coalescer vessels suggests an unusual change of the
coalescer filters during long term operation, so we opened

154S-4E.doc- 309 -

the two coalescer vessels and investigated the coalescer
filter elements and their seal rings. However, we could not
find anything unusual in the coalescer vessels. Although
we could not find a clear cause of the oil carry over, wecame to the conclusion that the oil removal module must be
improved.
We have decided to build an additional charcoal vessel
and extra coalescer vessel in order to improve theperformance of the oil removal module. The design of the
new compressor unit is schematically shown in Fig. 1.
The newly introduced third coalescer vessel is identicalwith the original two coalescer vessels and the design of the
final charcoal vessel is based on the oil-removal unit in the
RIKEN-RAL Muon facility.
We expect the oil
contamination to be 0.008-0.02 ppm after the improvement.
We have also installed solenoid valves in the oil return lines
to control the oil level in the coalescer vessels. By
counting the valve actions we can estimate the oil
separation performance of the coalescer filters.

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the improved compressor unit.
While the additional charcoal vessel and coalescer vessel
were being fabricated, we cleaned the cold box and the highpressure lines using the solvent HCFC225cb. In April
2008, the cold box was shipped to the factory where thetransfer line was fabricated and all the heat exchangers werecleaned by cutting internal pipes and filling HCFC225cb.
The filling solvent was drained and the amount of oil was
evaluated using the non-volatile residue (NVR) method.
We have repeated this process 9 to 11 times for each heatexchanger. Most of the pipes in the cold box except thosein low pressure lines and the PS were also cleaned in thesame manner. The total amount of remaining oil after
cleaning was evaluated to be 0.34 mg (0.42 cc) using the
NVR test. The remaining solvent HCFC25cb in thecleaned parts was then evaporated by sending warm N2 gas.
We confirmed whether the solvent HCFC25cb and water
were dried from the cleaned parts by measuring HCFC25cb
concentration in the outlet N2 gas using the gas detector
tubes and a dew point meter. All the parts were dried until
HCFC25cb concentrations were less than the sensibility ofthe detector tube (1.4 ppm) and the dew point was in therange between -60.8 and -84.1 degree. The contaminated80K- and 20K-ADSs and inlet filter of the turbine were
replaced with improved new ones in which adsorbent
charcoal was tightly filled. The cryogenic valves weredisassembled and wiped to clean off possible oil
contamination and the valve sheets were replaced with new
ones.
Cleaning of the cold box took about 2.5 months andreassembly of the cold box at the factory was finished at theend of July 2008. Then the cold box was shipped to

RIKEN. The pipes of the high pressure lines from thecompressor unit to the cold box were also cleaned by fillingwith HCFC225cb in early July. The new coalescer vessel
and charcoal vessel were fabricated and shipped to RIKEN
in mid July and installation was finished at the end of July.
Reassembly of the whole system was finished in mid
August and the series of test operations was finished inearly September.
Stand alone operation of the cold box and cooling
capacity measurement have been performed.
After
optimizing operation parameters such as temperature ofhelium gas at the entrance and exit of expansion turbines,
the maximum cooling capacity was measured to be 496 W
at 4.5 K at PS and 833 W at 80 K lines with a pressure of
1.35 MPaG at the entrance of the first expansion turbine T1.
Converting the 80 K cooling capacity to the one at 4.5 K,
the total cooling capacity is evaluated to be 543.1 W.
Temperature of the discharge gas from the compressor unit,
which depends on the temperature of cooling water was
32.7 degrees. Taking into account the discharge gas
temperature dependence, the total cooling capacity of 543.1
W corresponds to 563.7 W with the discharge gas at 19.0
degrees, which is consistent with the result obtained in 2004
(560.5 W).2,3)
Continuous operation of the BigRIPS cryogenic plant
started on September 11, 2008. After one week ofpurification operation, STQ1 - STQ5 were cooled fromroom temperature to 4 K in 18 days, and it took another 3days to fill the cryostats with liquid helium. Steady state
operation in refrigerator mode started on October 7 and weare planning to maintain continuous operation until June
2009. Figure 2 shows the flow rate of turbine T1 in thesteady-operation period up to the end of January 2009
together with the flow rate for Cycle I-IV. After fixing theoperation parameters on 70-th day in the refrigerator mode,
the T1 flow rate has stayed almost constant, so that we haveconfirmed that improved oil removal module works well.
Performance of the oil removal module in the compressor
unit has been checked by the cold trap method, and oil
contamination at the exit of the compressor unit has beenmeasured to be better than 10 ppb so far. Details on oilconcentration measurement at each stage of oil separators
will be reported in the near future.

Fig. 2. T1 flow rates as functions of the operation period in
refrigerator mode.
References
1) T. Kubo et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 36, 316 (2003).
2) T. Kubo et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 38, 289 (2005).
3) K. Kusaka et al.: RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 41, 244 (2008).

154S-4E.doc- 310 -

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 42 (2009)

Present status of liquid-helium supply and recovery system

A liquid-helium supply and recovery system,1) which cangenerate liquid helium at a rate of 200 L/h from pure helium
gas, has been stably operating since the beginning of April
2001. The volumes of liquid helium supplied per year are
listed in Table 1. The  supplied volume has gradually
increased from 2006 to 2007. The volume supplied to the
low temperature physics laboratory in 2007 increased morethan 10 kiloliter over 2006. The exploratory materials team in
the category “other laboratories” began to use liquid-helium
for the first time in March 2008. The laboratory for humanbrain dynamics in the brain science institute finished using
liquid-helium at the end of September 2008.
The control system of the compressor for liquefying
helium gas was tripped several times at the end of Augustand in the middle of November 2008 after the electricity
stoppage plan. The cause of the trips is unknown and is now
under examination.
A new recovery pipe was connected from the south side of thelaser science laboratory to the recovery station behind the BSI
east brain building at the end of October.
The purity of helium gas recovered from laboratories
improved gradually after the completion of the system. The
volume of recovered helium gas sent from each building on
the Wako campus to the liquid-helium supply and recovery
system has been measured. The recovery efficiency, definedas the ratio of the recovered helium gas to supplied liquid
helium has been measured. Recovery efficiency for the south
side of the Wako campus - such as the cooperation centerbuilding for the advanced device laboratory, the chemistry
and material physics building, and nanoscience jointlaboratory building - became more than 90%. Recovery
efficiencies of the main research building and the laser
science laboratory are very low.
Average recovery
efficiency measured from December 2005 to March 2008 isshown in Fig.1. Average recovery efficiency for two years
has risen above 85%.
Year

2001

324562789 2::;4;2<48

K. Ikegami, H. Okuno, M. Nakamura, T. Maie, T. DanǆǇuka, and M. Kase
=>?
&!!
%!
$!
#!
"!
!
&"'"!!( )'"!!$$'"!!$*'"!!$&"'"!!$+'"!!,$'"!!,*'"!!, -.'"!!, )'"!!%/012

Fig. 1 Average recovery efficiency measured from
December 2005 to March 2008.
At the end of April 2008, a hydrogen removal
apparatus2) which has a weight of 1.7kg of the silver-zeolite“Ag-400” was installed in the system to adsorb hydrogen gas
in recovery gases. The helium gas circulated in the system isreturned to the gas bag of the system through the hydrogen
removal apparatus without ejection in to the air. We expectthat volume of purchased helium gas will decrease. Fig 2 is adiagram of the system installed in the hydrogen removal
apparatus.
Referenceǆ
1)K. Ikegami et al.:(2001).

RIKEN Accel. Prog. Rep. 34, 349

2)M. Nakamura et al.: RIKEN Accel.
(2007).

2002

2003

2004

Prog.

2005

Rep. 41, 111

2006

2007

Amount of supplied liquid helium (Ე)
Laboratory & instituteMagnetic materials laboratory

3392

7024

7713

11829

15672

16512

23282

Low-temperature physics laboratory

1270

3090

6966

9515

34713

29520

39855

Advanced device laboratory

9977

10849

9726

7401

11264

15017

14733

Condensed molecular materials laboratory

1939

1615

3079

5353

5912

7772

5331

Surface chemistry laboratory

1146

1676

4533

5007

5370

5486

3636

Brain science institute

6277

8144

5055

6292

7285

6956

6480

Other laboratories

3535

7730

14476

9487

15717

14767

15877

27536

40182

51530

54884

95933

96030

109194

Total

Table 1.

Volumes of liquid helium supplied to laboratories per year from 2001 to 2007

- 311 -

Fig. 2

Diagram of system installed in the hydrogen removal apparatus.

- 312 -

V. RECORDS OF LABORATORIES,GROUPS, AND TEAMS(Activities and Members)

Events of Nishina Center & CNS from Jan. 2008 to Mar. 2009
2008

18, Jan.
30, Jan.
18-19, Feb.
27-28, Mar.
19, Apr.
22, Apr.
Apr.
2, May3-4, May
17, Jun.
25, Jul.
Summer
26, Aug.-1, Sep.
Sep.
6, Oct.
6, Oct.

2009

7-16, Oct.
4-5, Nov.
17-18, Nov.
20-21, Nov.
22, Nov.
Nov.
Nov.-Dec.
9-21, Dec.
13-14, Jan.
15-17, Jan.
Dec.-Mar.
Mar.

Tree Planting Ceremony of "Nishina Zao"
Conclusion of the Agreemenet "French-Japanese International
Associated Laboratory for Nuclear Structure Problems" at CNRS, Paris
The 3rd Program Advisory Committee meeting for Nuclear Physics(NP-PAC)The 4th Program Advisory Committee meeting for Materials and Life
Science (MP-PAC)
RIKEN Wako Institute Open Day
RBRC Management and Steering Committee at BNL
The SCRIT team demonstrated the base technology of Self-Conﬁning
RI Ion Target
A paper on development of SCRIT (Self-Conﬁning RI Target) was
issued in Phys. Rev. Lett.
Science School for High School Students "A Starry Sky Tour/Travel
among Elements"
Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between Nishina Center andIndonesian Universities for Material Sciences using Muons at the
RIKEN-RAL muon facility
A paper on the discovery of new Pd isotopes, 125Pa and 126Pd, waspublished in JPSJ online
Maintenance and upgrade of the Liquid Helium Cryogenic Plants
The 7th CNS-EFES (International Research Network for Exotic Femto
Systems) summer school was held
The SLOWRI team performed the 1st laser cooling and precision
spectroscopy
CNS (Univ. of Tokyo)-RIKEN Collaborative Research Liaison Council(annual meeting)
Lecture Commemorating 10th year of Collaborative Research on Heavy
Ion Physics between the Univ. of Tokyo and RIKEN"
Peking University "Nishina School"
RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility International Advisory Committee
RBRC Scientiﬁc Review Committee at BNL
NP-PACRIBF International User Group Meeting
BigRIPS/Zero Degree Spectrometer (ZDS) Commissioning experiments
Commissioning of the Zero-degree Spectrometer
Day One experiment in BigRIPS-ZeroDegree Spectrometer
ML-PAC
Nishina Center Advisory Council (NCAC)
266
Bh production experiment
SHARAQ (Spectroscopy of Hadronic Systems with Radioactive
Qunyum Beam) Commissioning- 313 -

Accelerator Division
Accelerator Development Group
Accelerator Team
1. Abstract
We are developing the key hardware in upgrading the RIBF accelerator complex. Firstly we are developing
the challenging superconducting coils for the new 28 GHz ECR ion source which is being developed in order
to increase the intensity of uranium beam. We are designing LEBT (Low Energy Beam Transport) whichtransport the high power beam from the ion source to the next injector linac. Correct estimations ofneutralization of space charge forces are hard task. Finally we are developling long-lived charge stripper foils
which are installed to breed the ion charges for reduction of their magnetic rigidities. We are also developing
gas or windlow-less liquid lithium strippers.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Development of superconducting technology in acceleration system.
(2) Development of the LEBT (Low Energy Beam Transport) and the new injector for the high power beams.
(3) Development of charge strippers for high power beams (foil, gas, liquid)
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Development of superconducting technology in acceleration system.
Ohnishi, J., Okuno., H,
We are developing the challenging superconducting magnets for the 28GHz ECR ion source. We juststarted to study the possibility of the superconducting cavity in the RIBF accelerator complex.
(2) Development of the LEBT (Low Energy Beam Transport) and the new injector for the high power beams.
Sato, Y., Okuno, H.,
We are developing the LEBT for the ion beams from the new 28GHz ion source. We are also studying
space charge effects in the new injector for the RIBF accelerator complex.
(3) Development of charge strippers for high power beams (foil, gas, liquid)
Hasebe, H., Kuboki, H., Yokouchi, S., Okuno, H.,
We are developing the long lived charge stripper for high power ion beams. Foils, gas and liquid for the
strippers are being studied in parallel.
Team Leader
Hiroki OKUNO
Members
Jun-ichi OHNISHI
Nishina center engineer
Shigeru YOKOUCHITechnical staff I
Hiroo HASEBE
Contract Researcher
Hironori KUBOKI
Yoichi SATO

- 314 -

Visiting Scientists
Noriyosu HAYASHIZAKI (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Mitsuhiro FUKUDA (RCNP, Osaka Univ.)
Masatoshi ITO (CYRIC, Tohoku Univ.)
Yoshitaka IWASAKI (SAGA Light Source)
Satoshi KURASHIMA (JAEA, Takasaki)
Nobumasa MIYAWAKI (JAEA, Takasaki)
Hajime SAITO (SHI Accel. Serv. Ltd.)
Research Consultants
Yoshiaki CHIBA
Shoushichi MOTONAGA
Students
Student trainees
Hiroaki MATSUBARA (Grad Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)- 315 -

Accelerator Division
Accelerator Development GroupIon Source Team
1. Abstract
Our aim is to operate and develop the ECR ion sources for the accelerator-complex system of the RI Beam
Factory. We focus on further upgrading the performance of the RI Beam Factory through the design andfabrication of a superconducting ECR heavy-ion source for production of high-intensity uranium ions.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Operation and development of the ECR ion sources(2) Development of a superconducting ECR heavy-ion source for production of high-intensity uranium
ions
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Operation and development of ECR ion sources
T. Nakagawa, M. Kidera, Y. Higurashi, H. Haba, T. Kageyama and A. Goto
We routinely produce and supply various kinds of heavy ions such as zinc and neon ions for the superheavy element serach experiment as well as uranium ions for RIBF experiments. We also perform R&D's tomeet the requirements for stable supply of high-intensity heavy ion beams.
(2) Development of a superconducting ECR ion source for use in production of a high-intensity uranium
beam
T. Nakagawa, J. Ohnishi, M. Kidera, Y. Higurashi, Y. Sato and A. Goto
The RIBF is required to supply uranium beams with very high intensity so as to produce RI's. We havedesigned and are fabricating an ECR ion source with high magnetic ﬁeld and high microwave-frequency,
since the existing ECR ion sources have their limits in beam intensity. The coils of this ion source aredesigned to be superconducting for the production of high magnetic ﬁeld. We are also designing the lowenergy beam transport line of the superconducting ECR ion source.
Team Leader
Takahide NAKAGAWA
Members
Hiromitsu HABA
Tadashi KAGEYAMA
Contract Researcher
Yoshihide HIGURASHI
Masanori KIDERA
Visiting Scientists
Takehiro MATSUSE (Fac. Text. Sci. Technol., Shinshu Univ.)
Student Trainee
Hiroyuki HIGASHIJIMA (Grad. Sch.. Sci., Rikkyo Univ.)- 316 -

Accelerator Division
Accelerator Operation GroupRILAC Team
1. Abstract
The operation and maintenance of the RIKEN Heavy-ion Linac (RILAC) have been carried out. There are
the two modes, the standalone mode, in which the beam is delivered directly to the low-energy beam user inthe RILAC, and the injection mode, in which the RILAC beam is injected to the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron(RRC). The RILAC is composed of two ion sources, the frequency-variable RFQ linac, six frequencyvariable cavities, and six energy booster cavities (CSM). The maintenance of these devices is important tokeep the log-term stability of RILAC beams.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) The long term stability of the RILAC operation.
(2) Improvement of efﬁciency of the RILAC operation.
3. Summary of Research Activity
The RIKEN Heavy-ion Linac (RILAC) is a frequency-tunable linac. The RILAC is composed of two
Heavy-ion ECR ion sources, RFQ linac, six main cavities, and six energy booster cavities. Thousands hours
are spent in a year for delivering many kinds of heavy-ion beams to various experiments.
The RILAC has two operation modes: the stand-alone operation delivering low-energy beams directly toexperiments and the injection mode operation supplying beams into the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC). In
the ﬁrst mode, the RILAC supplies very important beam to the nuclear physics experiment of "the researchof super heavy elements". In the second mode, the RILAC plays very important role as upstream end of the
RIBF accelerators.
The maintenance is very important in order to keep the high quality performance of the RILAC.
Improvements are always carried out for the purpose of more efﬁcient operation.
Team Leader
Eiji IKEZAWA
MemberYutaka WATANABE
Research Consultants
Toshiya CHIBA
Masatake HEMMI
Yoshitoshi MIYAZAWA- 317 -

Accelerator Division
Accelerator Operation Group
Cyclotron Team
1. Abstract
Together with other teams of Nishina Center accelerator division, maintaining and improving the RIBF
cyclotron complex. The accelerator provides high intensity heavy ions. Our mission is to have stable
operation of cyclotrons for high power beam operation. Recently stabilization of the rf system is a key issue
to provide 10 kW heavy ion beam. To analyze
2. Major Research Subjects(1) RF technology for Cyclotrons(2) Beam-RF correlation analysis(3) Operation of RIBF cyclotron complex.
(4) Maintenance and improvement of RIBF cyclotrons.
3. Summary of Research Activity
Development of the rf system for a stable operation.
Improvement and maitainance of rf cavities, deﬂection devices, beam lines.
Intoroduction of precise monitoring system.
Correlation analysis between rf and beam.
Team Leader
Masayuki KASE
Members
Naruhiko SAKAMOTO
Research Ascociate
Kenji SUDA

- 318 -

Accelerator Division
Accelerator Operation GroupBeam Dynamics and Diagnostics Team
1. Abstract
In order to realize the efﬁcient acceleration in RIBF accelerator complex, beam-dynamics studies based onrealistic computer simulations and related technology (beam diagnosis, computer control, power supplies andcharge stripper) were developed.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Improvement on the beam transmission along the multi-stage accelerator system.
(2) Development of beam diagnosis.
(3) Development of computer control.
(4) Improvement on long-term stabilities of power supplies and magnets.
(5) Development of charge stripper for high intensity heavy ion beam.
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Development of the beam diagnostic technology.
(2) Development of the charge-stripping foil.
(3) Development of the computer control system of accelerator.
(4) Investigation of beam behavior in accelerators.
Team Leader
Nobuhisa FUKUNISHI
Members
Masaki FUJIMAKI
Sachiko ITO
Keiko KUMAGAI
Tamaki WATANABE
Contract Technical Scientist
Misaki KOBAYASHI-KOMIYAMA
Kazunari YAMADA
Hiroshi WATANABE
Makoto NAGASE
Visiting Scientists
Hiromichi RYUTO (Photonics and Electronics Science and Engineering Center, Kyoto Univ.)
Jun-ichi ODAGIRIYuichiro SASAKI
Research Consultants
Jiro FUJITA- 319 -

Accelerator Division
Accelerator Operation Group
Cryogenic Technology Team
1. Abstract
We are operating the cryogenic system for the superconducting ring cyclotron in RIBF. We are operating
the helium cryogenic system in the south area of RIKEN Wako campus and delivering the liquid helium tousers in RIKEN. We are trying to collect efﬁciently gas helium after usage of liquid helium.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) The high efﬁciency of the liquid herium production cycle.
(2) Optimization of the large-scaled superconducting ring cyclotron.
3. Summary of Research Activity
We are operating the cryogenic system for the superconducting ring cyclotron in RIBF. Severe monitoringof the impurity is nessecary to realize that. We are operating the helium cryogenic system located in the south
area of Wako campass of RIKEN. We are producing liquid helium and supplying them to RIKEN insideusers. For the purpose of efﬁcient operation, we are trying to collect the gas after the use of liquid helium.
Team Leader
Hiroki OKUNO
Members
Masato NAKAMURA
Nishina Center Engineer
Takeshi MAIE
Technical Staff-I
Tomoyuki DANTSUKA
Research Consultant
Kumio IKEGAMI
Yutaka ODAJIMA
Ken-ici KATO

- 320 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Heavy Ion Nuclear Physics Laboratory
1. Abstract
With fast RI beams provided by the RIBF cyclotron complex, we study exotic behavior of nuclei far fromthe stability valley, explosive nuclear burning in high-temperature and high-density environment in stars andearly universe, and nuclear reactions related to solar neutrino production. For that purpose, we develop
various experimental methods utilizing intermediate-energy inelastic scattering including Coulomb
excitation, Coulomb dissociation, transfer- and fragmentation-reactions coupled with gamma- and particledecay measurements. We perform also study of the three-nucleon forces by precise measurements of elastic
scattering and breakup reactions of few-nucleon systems. New techniques including new laser-spectroscopy
for exotic nuclei are also developed. Technical developments of radiation measurements such as
semiconductor detectors and scintillation detectors, data processing methods, and construction ofexperimental equipment, together with theoretical studies on nuclear structure and nuclear reaction, are also
made.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Spectroscopy of unstable nuclei with direct reactions(2) Study of astrophysical nuclear reactions with fast beams of unstable nuclei(3) Three nucleon forces studied by intermediate-energy p+d scattering(4) Development of radiation detector systems with high performance(5) Development of laser spectroscopy for unstable nuclei(6) Theoretical studies on nuclear structure and nuclear reactions
3. Summary of Research Activity
3.1. Spectroscopy using direct reactions with gamma-ray measurements
Proton inelastic scattering, Coulomb excitation, nucleon removal reactions on neutron- and proton-richnuclei was studied by measuring gamma-rays in coincidence with the reaction products created in thesereactions in inverse kinematics with fast RI beams. The evolution of shell structure, development ofcollectivity, and possible decoupling of proton- and neutron-motion are mainly studied.
(1) 32Ne, 32Mg, 34Si--in island of inversion around N =20
Proton inelastic scatterings on 32Mg and 34Si were studied. The experiment was aimed at clarifying thenature of the "islands of inversion" around N =20. The 4+ state was identiﬁed for the ﬁrst time and several
new excited states were found in 32Mg including a 3- state, the location of which indicates disappearance ofthe sd-pf shell gap. The anomalously hindered B (E2) value for the 0+-2+ transition in 34Si was compared with
the neutron-transition multipole element extracted from the 34Si (p, p') result. The very neutron rich nucleus
32
Ne was studied by the Coulomb excitation at the new facility of RIBF. The result indicates that this nucleus
is in the island of inversion.
(2) 17,18C--new method with transverse momentum measurement
One neutron removal reaction with a hydrogen target was studied with 18C and 19C beams. The transverse
momentum distributions, where the ﬁnal states were identiﬁed by their gamma-decays, were analyzed, andtheir spins and parities were determined. The result indicates the usefulness of the transverse-momentum
associated with proton induced nucleon removal processes for the spin-assignment with the help of new
approach for the reaction process, i. e. CDCC.
(3) 62,64Cr--behavior of neutron-rich nuclei around N =40
Proton inelastic study with radioactive 62Cr and 64Cr beams has been performed at RIPS. Despite of thenature of magic nucleus observed in 68Ni with neutron number N =40, development of static deformation wasobserved by the deformation length and the 4+-2+ ratio for 62Cr and the location of the 2+ state in 64Cr.
- 321 -

(4) 20Mg--role of four protons around the 16O core
Coulomb excitation of the proton-rich nucleus 20Mg was studied. Its B (E2) value for the 2+ excitation wascompared with that for the mirror nucleus 20O. The large ratio between the neutron- and proton-matrix
elements is consistent with the known core polarization effect induced by the valence nucleons, showing thatthe anomalous decoupling phenomena observed in 16O is not observed in 20O and 20Mg.
3.2. Spectroscopy of unbound states using breakup and other reactions(1) Invariant mass spectroscopy of nuclei in the vicinity of the neutron drip line(a) Inelastic-scattering, one-neutron knockout, and charge exchange reactions of 14Be were measured for
proton and 12C targets. The transition to the first 2+ state of 14Be at Ex=1.55 MeV was measured, whichshowed smaller deformation lengths compared to 12Be. The invariant mass spectrum of 13Be in the oneneutron knockout channel showed two peaks. The peak at higher energy around Ex=2 MeV has a d-wave
property, and the lower one is of p-wave nature which indicates obliteration of he N =8 shell gap.
(b) Invariant mass spectra were obtained by the breakup and inelastic scattering of 6He, 17C, and 19C on
proton targets. New peaks were found for neutron-rich carbon isotopes.
(2) Invariant mass spectroscopy of proton-rich nuclei
Coulomb dissociation of the proton-rich nuclei 23Al, 27P, and 31Cl on 208Pb were measured. Relative energy
spectra for 22Mg+p, 26Si+p, and 30S+p were obtained. The breakup cross sections were converted to theradiative proton-capture cross sections, which provide useful information for the astrophysical network
calculation on the explosive nucleosynthesis in novae and X-ray bursts.
(3) Missing mass spectroscopy of very neutron-rich light nuclei
Experimental search for the exotic 7H system was performed in the d (8He, 3He) 7H reaction using missing
mass method. The excitation spectrum shows the peculiarity at ~ 2 MeV that can not be reproduced by areasonable phase space distributions and might indicate the existence of the 7H state at low excitation energy.
Simultaneously, the strong peaks that corresponds to 7He and 11Li ground states were observed in the d (8He, t)
and d (12Be, 3He) reaction channels.
3.3. Experimental studies on the three nucleon forces(1) Necessity of the three-nucleon-force is shown to reproduce the deuteron-proton elastic scattering crosssection. To further investigate the three-nucleon-force, spin transfer coefficients for deuteron-proton
breakup reactions were measured. Experiments at higher energies using the new RIBF accelerator complex
are being prepared for the ﬁrst measurement in 2009.
(2) Many experiments have been performed to test experimentally Bell's inequality. However, tests using
hadron systems are limited. We tested Bell's inequality in the proton-neutron system by measuring thespin-correlation between the proton-neutron pair in 1S 0-state which was produced by the 2H (d, pn )reaction.
3.4. "OROCHI" (Optical RI atom Observation in Condensed Helium as Ion-catcher) development
A novel nuclear laser spectroscopy technique for exotic nuclei trapped in superfluid helium, named as
OROCHI (Optical RI-atom Observation in Condensed Helium as Ion-catcher), is being developed. We havecarried out high precision measurement of Zeeman and hyperfine splittings of 85,87Rb and 133Cs atoms insuperﬂuid helium, and successfully demonstrated that the nuclear spins and moments of unknown nuclei canbe deduced by comparing their Zeeman and hyperﬁne splitting energies with those of known nuclei. We havealso succeeded in optical pumping of non-alkali atoms such as Ag, which opens the door to the versatility of
the OROCHI method. We are now ready to measure unknown spins and moments of exotic nuclei.
3.5. SCRIT development
We successfully finished feasibility studies of a novel experimental scheme, SCRIT (Self-Confining RI- 322 -

Target), which makes it possible to study the internal structure of exotic nuclei by electron scattering. A
prototype has been installed at the electron storage ring, KSR, of Kyoto University. We could measureelectron scattering with Cs nucleus by the SCRIT scheme, and its principle has been veriﬁed. Construction of
the system to be used in future experiments was started at RIBF.
3.6. SAMURAISAMURAI (Superconducting Analyzer for Multi-particle from Radio Isotope Beams) is a large-acceptancemulti-particle spectrometer we will construct at RIBF. Its major part is of a large-gap superconducting
magnet with 7 Tm of bending power. SAMURAI enables momentum analysis of heavy projectile fragments
and projectile-rapidity protons with large angular and momentum acceptance. SAMURAI also affords
projectile-rapidity neutron measurements with large angular acceptance in coincidence with heavy projectile
fragments.
The construction budget has been approved, and is funded in four years from ﬁscal year 2008. The budget
covers the superconducting dipole magnet and most part of detectors for heavy ions, neutrons, and protons.
Our lab is, in particular, in charge of silicon strip detectors for protons and heavy ions and readout circuits
requiring capability of broad dynamic range and high density signal processing. Our lab also partly takes
care of the total arrangements of the SAMURAI collaboration group constituted by members from several
institutes, each of which has unique physics interest.
Detailed design of the superconducting dipole magnet is to be ﬁnalized in ﬁscal year 2009. The magnet
construction in RIBF will start early in 2010, and will complete early in 2011. The detectors are constructedin parallel. It is planned that the ﬁrst SAMURAI experiment is performed in summer 2011.
3.7. Theoretical studies of nuclear physics
Most of the activities of theoretical nuclear physics have been moved to the Theoretical Nuclear Physics
Laboratory led by T. Nakatsukasa.
Studies on nuclear structure at finite temperature are in progress: A self-consistent formulation ofquasiparticle RPA including the effects of quantal and thermal ﬂuctuations to study the properties of ﬁnite
systems with pairing at ﬁnite temperature and angular momentum.
Head
Tohru MOTOBAYASHIMemberYukari MATSUO
Yoshiyuki YANAGISAWA
Nori AOI
Ken-ichiro YONEDA
Yasushi WATANABE
Toshimi SUDA
Akihisa KOHAMA
Contract Researchers
Nguyen Dinh DANG
Kimiko SEKIGUCHI (SAKAGUCHI)
Senior Visiting Scientists
Kengo OGAWA (Yamazaki Lab. In Riken)
Wolfgang MITTIG (GANIL)- 323 -

Hisashi HORIUCHI (Osaka Univ. Nuclear Physics Center)
Hiroyuki SAKURAGI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Osaka City Univ.)
Research Consultants
Yasuo AOKI (univ. of Tsukuba)
Hiroyuki MURAKAMI (Rikkyo Univ.)
Toshimitsu YAMAZAKI
Special Postdoctoral Researchers
Masaki SASANO (Univ. of Tokyo)
Yasuhiro TOGANO (Rikkyo Univ.)
Junior Research Associates
Kenjiro MIKI (Univ. of Tokyo)
Masafumi MATSUSHITA
Asia Program Associates
Nguyen Quang HUNG (Hanoi Univ. of science)
International Program Associates
He WANG (Peking Univ., China)
Visiting Scientists
Kentaro YAKO (Univ. of Tokyo)
Yosuke KONDO (Sch. Of Sci., Tokyo inst. Of Tech)
Alexey KORSHENINNIKOV (Inst. Generall & Nucl. Phys., Kurchatov Inst., Russia)
Evgueni NIKOLSKI (Russian Res. Center, Kurchatov Inst., Russia)
Mototsugu MIHARA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Takuji IZUMIKAWA (Niigata Univ. RI Center)
Tomotsugu WAKASA (Fac. of Sci., Kyusyu Univ.)
Kyoichiro OZAWA (CNS, Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Didier BEAUMEL (Paris-XI Univ., France)
Shinichiro FUJII (Kyusyu Univ.)
Yasuo MIAKE (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. of Tsukuba)Peter MOLLER (Los Alamos Nat. Lab., USA)
Nasser KALANTAR (Univ. Groningen, The Netherlands)
Michael FAMIANO (MSU, NSCL, USA)
Kikuo KIMURA (Nagasaki Inst. of Applied Sci.)
Kensaku MATSUTA (Sch. of Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Zoltan ELEKES (ATOMKI, Hungary)
Gabor KALINKA (Hungarian Academy Sci., Inst. Nucl. Res., Hungary)Takashi OHTSUBO (Dept. of Phys., Niigata Univ.)
Jianjun HE (Chainese Academy of Science)
Ben MOTTELSON (Copenhagen NORDITA, Denmark)Yohei MATSUDA (Dept. of Phys., Tohoku Univ.)
Kazushige MAEDA (Dept. of Phys., Tohoku Univ.)
Hiroshi SUZUKI (univ. of Tsukuba)
Kevin Insik HAHN (Ewaha Womans Univ., Korea)
Peter VON BRENTANO (Koln Univ., Germany)
Atsushi HATAKEYAMA- 324 -

Yanlin YE (Peking Univ., China)
Julien GIBELIN (GANIL)
Dorottya SOHLER (ATOMKI, Hungary)
Yorick BLUMENFELD (Paris-XI Univ., France)
Bo CEDERWALL (Royal Insti. Tech., Sweden)
Takashi KIKUCHI (Fac. of Eng., Utsunomiya Univ.)
Tetsuro KOMATSUBARA (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. of Tsukuba,)
Hironobu IZIYAMA
Filho LICHTENTHALER (The Univ. of Sao Paulo)
Valdir GUIMARAES (The Univ. of Sao Paulo)
Jingbin LU (Fac. of Sci., Kyusyu Univ.)
Gerhardus Johannes MESSCHENDORP (Univ. of Groningen, Netherlands)
Akos HORVATH (Eotvos Lorand Univ., Hungary)Takeshi KOIKE (Dept. of Phys., Tohoku Univ)
Kimikazu SASA (Univ. of Tsukuba)
Cai Xiangzhou CAI (SINAP)
Alessandra GUGLIELMETTI (University of Milano)
Marco MAZZOCCO (Univ. of Padova)
Mauro ROMOLI (Institute Nazionale Fisica Nucleare Sezione de Napoli)
Sunchan JEONG
ManYee Betty TSANG (MSU, NSCL, USA)Franck DELAUNAY (CAEN)
Andreas STOLZ (MSU, NSCL, USA)
Zhihong LI
Shoji SUZUKI (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Silvio CHERUBINI (Catania Univ., Italy)
Marco LA COGNATA (Catania Univ., Italy)
Rosario Gianluca PIZZONE (Catania Univ., Italy)
Young Kwan KWON
Ken-Ichi FUSHIMI (Fac. of Integrated Arts and Sci., Univ. of Tokushima)
Ichiro ARAI (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. of Tsukuba,)
Tadaaki TAMAE (Lab. of Nucl. Sci., Dept. of Phys., Tohoku Univ.)
Jonathan PEARSON (McMaster Univ., Canada)
Alan CHEN (McMaster Univ., Canada)
Masatoshi ITOH (Tohoku Univ.)
Daniel BEMMERER (Tech. Univ. Berlin Inst., Germany)
Adam KISS (Eotvos Lorand Univ., Hungary)Peter Georg BERG
Henning ESBENSEN (Argonne Nat. Lab., USA)
Weiping LIU (China Inst. Atomic Energy, China)
Wei GUO (Shanghai Institute of Applied physics, China Academy of Science)
Patricia ROUSSEL-CHOMAZ (GANIL)
Chen LI (Peking Univ., China)
David HINDE (Australia Nat. Univ., Australia)
Renju THOMAS (Australia Nat. Univ., Australia)
Mahananda DASGUPTA (Univ. of Bombay)
Stefano ROMANO (Catania Univ., Italy)
Wendong TIAN (Shanghai Institute of Applied physics, China Academy of Science)- 325 -

Tomokazu SUZUKI (Osaka Univ.)
Nelson Richard BOYD (Dept. of Phys., Ohio State Univ., USA)
Yang SUN (Univ. of Notre Dame)
Nicolas DE SEREVILLE
Alain COC (Centre National de la Recherche Scientiﬁque)
Jarvis David DEAN (Oak Ridge National Lab.)
Thomas PAPENBROCK (Univ. of Tennessee)
Szily Alinka LEPINE (Univ. Sao Paulo)
Zhendong WU (China Institute of Atomic Energy)
Chengjian LIN (China Institute of Atomic Energy)
Marco LA COMMARA (Univ. de Napoli)
Claudio SPITALERI (Catania Univ., Italy)
Marian Livius TRACHE (Texas A&M University, US)
Aurora TUMINO (Catania Univ., Italy)
ST John Alexander MURPHY
Fairouz HAMMACHE (Institute de Physique Nucleaire D'Orsay)
John Philip WOODS (Univ. of Edinburgh)
Jiansong WANG (Institute of Modern Pysics, Chinise Academy of science)
Hongwei WANG (Institute of Modern Pysics, Chinise Academy of science)
Rudrajyoti PALIT (Tata Institute of Fundamental Rearch)
Bing GUO (China Institute of Atomic Energy)
Youbao WANG (China Institute of Atomic Energy)
Zhengguo HU (Chinese Academy of Science)
Meng WANG (Chinese Academy of Science)
Jingen CHEN (Shanghai Institute of Applied physics, Nuclear Physics Division)
Andrew Nigel ORR (Lab. Physique corpusculaire de CAEN, ENSICEAN)
August Roman GERNHAUSER
Shengquan YAN
Moreno Francisco Miguel MARQUES (Caen)
Fa. A BECK (Strasbourg Nucl. Inst., France)
Masahiro NOTANI
Kazuyoshi KURITA (Fac. of Sci., Rikkyo Univ.)
Naohito IWASA (Dept. of Phys., Tohoku Univ.)
Yoshiteru SATO (Seoul international Univ.)
Takayuki YAMAGUCHI (Saitama Univ.)
Yutaka WATANABE (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Chongcheoul YUN (Chung-Ang Univ., Korea)
Tadanori MINAMISONO (Fukui University of Technology)
Yasuki NAGAI (RCNP, Osaka Univ.)
Hiroyuki OKAMURA (RCNP, Osaka Univ.)
Kichiji HATANAKA (RCNP, Osaka Univ.)
Yosihiro TAGISI (University of Tsukuba)
Hideyuki SAKAI (Grad. Sch.. of Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Yoshitaka FUJITA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Hiroari MIYATAKE (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Zsolt FULOP (ATOMKI, Hungary)
Sadao MOMOTA (Kochi Univ. of Tech., Intelligent Mechanical Systems Eng.)
Takeshi SUZUKI (Faculity of Eng., Saitama Univ.)- 326 -

jun HASEGAWA (Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Res. Lab. for Nuclear Reactors)
Tadayuki TAKAHASHI (JAXA)
Yoshihide FUCHI (KEK)
Kazuo IEKI (Fac. of Sci., Rikkyo Univ.)
Shintaro NAKAYAMA (Fac. of Integrated Arts and Sci., Univ. of Tokushima)
Tsuneyasu MORIKAWA (Fac. of Sci., Kyusyu Univ.)
Harutaka SAKAGUCHI (Dept. of Applied Phys., Fac. of Eng., Univ. of Miyazaki)
Seigo KATO (Fac. of Sci., Yamagata Univ.)
Mitsunori FUKUDA (Sch. of Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Masahiko TANAKA (KEK)
Takashi NAKAMURA (Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Particle-, Nuclear-, and Astro-Phys.)
Atsuko ODAHARA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Alberto MENGONI (Univ. of Tokyo)
Atsushi TAMII (RCNP, Osaka Univ.)
Takashi TERANISHI (Kyusyu Univ.)
Tetsuro ISHII (JAEA)
Zsolt DOMBRADI (ATOMKI, Hungary)Takashi MIYACHI (Adv. Res. Inst. Sci. Eng., Waseda Univ.)
Takao SAKAGUCHI (BNL, USA)
Le Hong Khiem
Evgueni KUZMIN (Russian Res. Center, Kurchatov Inst., Russia)
Ogloblin A. Alexey OGLOBLIN (Russian Res. Center, Kurchatov Inst., Russia)
Mkrtychevich Gurgen TER AKOPYAN (JINR. Flerov Lab. of Nuclear Reaction, Russia)
Shigeru ISHIMOTO (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Shuwei XU
Cosimo SIGNORINI (Univ. of Padova)
Takashi WAKUI (Tohoku Univ. CYRIC)
Tomoko MIYAGISHI (Natl. Inst. Radiol. Sci.)
Nobuaki IMAI (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Yukie MAEDA (Miyazaki Univ.)
Tao ZHENG (Peking Univ., China)
InternShuo WANG (Peking Univ., China)
Kyoung Ho TSHOO (Suoal International Univ.)
Student Trainees
Keisuke ITOH (Saitama Univ.)
Ryohei MATSUMIYA (Univ. of Osaka)
Shumpei NOJI (Univ. of Tokyo)
Kunihiko TAJIRI (Univ. of Osaka)
Yoshiaki NAKAYAMA (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Daiki NISHIMURA (Univ. of Osaka)
Ayako SASAKI (Tohoku University)
Kana TANAKA (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Nobuyuki KOBAYASHI (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Kousuke NAMIHIRA (Saitama Univ.)
Isao HACHIUMA (Saitama Univ.)
Sebastiana PUGLIA- 327 -

Gabor KISS (Eotvos Lorand Univ., Hungary)Takashige HONDA (Rikkyo Univ.)
Masayuki KAZATO (Univ. of Osaka)
Anna TAKASHIMA (Osaka Univ.)
Masaki SUGA (Osaka Univ.)
Yosuke KAWADA (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Naoki TANAKA (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Shigeki DAGUCHI (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Naoto KUME (Tohoku Univ.)
Yuta HARA (Rikkyo Univ.)
Yuichi MATSUURA (Meiji Univ.)
Sayaka IZUMI (Tohoku Univ.)
Hiroyuki OUCHI (Tohoku Univ.)
Tomonori SUZUKI (Tohoku Univ.)
Kensuke UCHIDA (Tohoku Univ.)
Yuichi NAMIKI (Niigata Univ. RI Center)Yuki OHKUMA (Niigata Univ. RI Center)
Shinji SUZUKI (Niigata Univ. RI Center)
Kyoko YAMAGUCHI (Osaka Univ.)
Kanako YAMAGUCHI (Univ. of Tsukuba)
Toru SAITO (Miyazaki Univ.)
Yosuke ITO (Univ. of Osaka)
Yo KENMOKU (Univ. of Osaka)
Masaaki TACHI
Kensuke TANAKA
Anna SHIBUSAWA
Sotaro OSHIMA (Tohoku Univ.)
Yunju LI
Jun SU
Shiwei XU (Chinese Academy of Science)
Jun HU
Masayuki NAGASHIMA (Niigata Univ. RI Center)Yuta MIURA (Tohoku Univ.)
Yuki KATO (Meiji Univ.)
Koutaro TAKAHASHI (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Takayuki SAKO (Tokyo institite of Technology)
Riyato KAMBAYASHI (Rikkyo Univ.)
Takahiro NISHIGUCHI (Aoyama Gakuin University)
Visiting Technician
Henri Patrice GANGNANT
Patrice Jean-Francois LIBIN
Vincent Charles SPITAELS
Secretary
Emiko ISOGAI- 328 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Radioactive Isotope Laboratory
1. Abstract
This laboratory explores exotic nuclear structures and dynamics in unstable nuclei that have never been
investigated before, such as those with largely imbalanced proton and neutron numbers. Our aim is todevelop new experimental techniques utilizing fast RI beams to discover new phenomena and properties in
unstable nuclei. Another important subject is the equation-of-state of asymmetric nuclear matter, and its
association with the origin of elements and with neutron stars. For instance, we are making attempts to thebetter understand underlyning mechanism for exotic stability-enhancements of very neutron-rich fluorine
isotopes, the large deformation of the nucleus 34Mg with N=22 in spite of its vicinity to the N=20 magic
neutron number and anomalous collectivity in 16C. We are further extending these studies to medium- andheavy-mass regions by developing facilities, detectors and unique methods at RIBF, thereby leading on thechallenging task to ﬁnd new exotic phenomena. We also perform numerical simulations of nucleosynthesis
under the environment of core-collapse supernovae, and moreover quest for footprints of supernovae andsolar activities in the past, embedded in Antarctic ice core, in collaboration with Cosmic radiation laboratory
and National Institute of Polar Research.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Study of structure and dynamics of exotic nuclei through developments of new tools in terms ofreaction- and technique-based methodology(2) Research on EOS in asymmetric nuclear matter via heavy-ion induced reactions(3) Promotion of nuclear astrophysics in an interdisciplinary organization(4) Detector developments for spectroscopy and reaction studies
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Program based on missing mass method
Missing mass technique is promising for future radioactive isotope programs at RIBF. Detection of recoil
particles from target is essential in excitation energy determination of particle unbound states without any
assumption of particle- and gamma-decay processes, and also giving us transfer angular momentum from theangular distribution measurement. We have developed a solid hydrogen target as well as a detector systemcalled ESPRI for proton- (in) elastic scattering. These systems have been employed for light mass nuclei
available at the HIMAC facility. In addition, quasi-elastic scattering such as (p, 2p) reaction has been also
performed with a (p2p) telescope at HIMAC. These programs are pilot programs for RIBF and being
extended as RIBF programs. At low energies, spectroscopy on nuclei beyond the proton drip-line has been
recently performed with MUST-2 at GANIL.
(2) Program based on in-beam gamma spectroscopy
In the medium and heavy mass region explored at RIBF, collective natures of nuclei are one of important
subjects, which are obtained through production and observation of high excited and high spin states. To
populate such states, heavy-ion induced reactions such as fragmentation, ﬁssion are useful and developmentof in-beam gamma methods fit for the reactions is necessary. So far, we have developed two-stepfragmentation method as an efficient method to identify and populate excited states, and lifetime
measurements to deduce transition strength.
(3) Decay spectroscopy
Beta- and isomer-spectroscopy is a traditional and efﬁcient method for nuclear spectroscopy, especially for
non-yrast levels. In the light mass region, several light-mass nuclei in both neutron-rich and proton-richregion have been investigated at RIPS through beta-gamma and beta-p coincidence technique. Concerning
the medium and heavy mass region available at RIBF, we are developing two position-sensitive active- 329 -stoppers to achieve low-background via position correlation; strip-silicon detectors and a cylindrical active
stopper called CAITEN.
(4) Equation-of-state via heavy-ion central collisions
One of unsolved questions in projectile fragmentation at intermediate energies is target dependence of
production cross sections for neutron-rich fragments. To seek for a possible mechanism we measured
momentum distributions and cross sections of projectile fragments converted from a 90A MeV Ar-40 with
Be and Ta targets. We found that differences between two targets are in production cross sections only. The
cross section difference may stem from transfer/pick-up components or charge exchange ones. The similar
measurements at the new facility could clarify which components are dominant. In addition, we observed inlight mass fragments the acceleration phenomenon, which once had observed at GSI. These phenomena
could give us an opportunity to study EOS of nuclear matter. Concerning RIBF programs, a detector forpions produced in heavy-ion collisions is being tested at the HIMAC.
(5) Interdisciplinary study for nuclear astrophysics
To understand the origin of elements beyond ion, interdisciplinary works are important in linking data from
nuclear physics program. We are promoting simulation of nucleosynthesis in the r-process path, andinvestigation of Antarctic ice core to search for footprints of supernovae as well as solar activity in the past
via mass spectrometer, to link data obtained from nuclear physics program.
Head
Hiroyoshi SAKURAI
Members
Takashi ICHIHARA
Takashi KISHIDA
Yoichi NAKAI
Shunji NISHIMURA
Hideaki OTSUHeiko SCHEIT
Nishina Center Researcher
Yuko MOTIZUKI
Research Associate
Hiroshi WATANABE
Satoshi TAKEUCHISpecial Postdoctoral Researcher
Maya TAKECHIEri TAKESHITA
Satoru TERASHIMA
Senior Visiting Scientist
Wolfgang MITTIG (GANIL, France)
Visiting Scientists
Sachiko AMARI (Washington Univ., USA)
Koichiro ASAHI (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Sudhee BANERJEE (Variable Energy Cyclotron Center, India)
Xiangzhou CAI (Shanghai Inst. Applied Physics, China)- 330 -

Junsei CHIBA (Tokyo University of Science)
Alfred DEWALD (Univ. Cologna Insti. Nucl. Phys.)
Deqing FANG (Shanghai Inst. Applied Physics, China)
Adrian GELBERG (Univ. zu KoelnInst. Fur Kern Physik, Germany)
Wei GUO (Shanghai Inst. Applied Physics, China)
Kaoru HARA (University of Tsukuba)
Steven KARATAGLIDIS (Rhodes Univ., South Africa)
Hiroyuki KOURA (JAEA)
Yugang MA (Shanghai Inst. Applied Physics, China)
Hideki MADOKORO (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd)
Masayuki MATSUO (Grad. Sch. of Sci. and Tech., Niigata Univ,)
Tetsuya MURAKAMI (Kyoto Univ.)
Jiro MURATA (Rikkyo Univ.)
Tetsuo NORO (Kyusyu Univ. Fac. of Sci.)
Akira ONO (Tohoku Univ.)
Naohiko OTSUKA (International Atomic Energy Agency, Austria)
YURI PENIONZHKEVICH (Flerov Lab. Nucl. Reactions, JINR, Russia)
Simona SCHEIT (Univ. of Tokyo)
Toshiyuki SUMIKAMA (Tokyo University of Science)
Takahiro TACHIBANA (Waseda High Sch., Waseda Univ.)
Kohji TAKAHASHI (Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium)
Noboru TAKIGAWA (Fac. of Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Oleg TARASOV (MSU, NSCL, USA)
Ryouichi WADA (Texas A&M Univ., USA)
Juzo ZENIHIRO (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Shuangquan ZHANG (Peking Univ., China)
Yumin ZHAO (Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.)
Contract Researcher
Yasuyuki GONO
Students
Junior Research Associate
Taro NAKAO
Mugumi NIIKURA
Hitomi KIMURA
Student Trainees
Shoichiro EBESU (Kyoto Univ.)
Yuhei HASHIZUME (Tsukuba Univ.)
Maki HATA (Rikkyo Univ.)
Chihiro ISHII (Tokyo University of Science)
Yoshihiko IWAO (Kyoto Univ.)
Hiroaki MATSUMOTO (Kyoto Univ.)
Minori NIITA (Rikkyo Univ.)
Ken-ichiro OGAWA (Tsukuba Univ.)
Kensuke OKADA (Rikkyo Univ.)
Akio SHIRAKI (Tokyo Univ.)
Daisuke SUZUKI (Tokyo Univ.)- 331 -

Hirotake TAKAHASHI (Shinsyu Univ.)
Nobuya UEMATSU (Tokyo University of Science)
Hideakira YOSHII (Tokyo University of Science)
Kenta YOSHINAGA (Tokyo University of Science)
IPA
Kuoang LI (Peking Univ., China)
Visiting Rsearcher
Pieter DOORNENBAL (JSPS Fellow)
Mattias LANTZ (JSPS Fellow)
Secretary
Tomoko FUJII (Temporary staff)- 332 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Superheavy Element Laboratory
1. Abstract
The elements with their atomic number Z > 103 are called as trans-actinide or superheavy elements. The
chemical properties of those elements have not yet been studied in detail. Those elements are not exist innature therefore, they must be produced by artificially for the scientific study of those elements. In ourlaboratory, we have been studying the physical and chemical properties of the superheavy elements utilizing
the accelerators in RIKEN and various methods of efﬁcient production of the superheavy elements.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Search for new supreheavy elements(2) Decay spectroscopy of the heaviest nuclei(3) Study of the chemical properties of the heaviest elements(4) Study of the reaction mechanism of the fusion process (theory)
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Searching for new elements
To expand the periodic table of elements and the nuclear chart, we will search for new elements.
(2) Spectroscopic study of the nucleus of heavy elements
Using the high sensitivity system for detecting the heaviest element, we plan to perform a spectroscopic
study of nuclei of the heavy elements.
(3) Chemistry of superheavy elements
Study of chemistry of the trans-actinide (superheavy element) has just started world-wide, making it a newfrontier in the ﬁeld of chemistry. Relativistic effects in chemical property are predicted by many theoreticalstudies. We will try to develop this new ﬁeld.
(4) Study of a reaction mechanism for fusion process
Superheavy elements have been produced by complete fusion reaction of two heavy nuclei. However, thereaction mechanism of the fusion process is still not well understood theoretically. When we design anexperiment to synthesize nuclei of the superheavy elements, we need to determine a beam-target combinationand the most appropriate reaction energy. This is when the theory becomes important. We will try to develop
a reaction theory useful in designing an experiment by collaborating with the theorists.
Head
Kosuke MORITA
Members
Hiromitsu HABA
Kouji MORIMOTO
Special Postdoctoral Researcher
Takatoshi ICHIKAWA
Daiya KAJI
Kazutaka OZEKI
Yuki KUDOU
Contract Technical Scientist
Akira YONEDA- 333 -

Visiting Scientists
Kazuhiko AKIYAMA (Tokyo Metropolitan Univ.)
Masato ASAI (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Shin-ichi GOTO (Niigata Univ.)
Kouichi HAGINO (Tohoku Univ.)
Yoshitaka KASAMATU (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Hisaaki KUDO (Fac. Sci., Niigata Univ.)
Yuichiro NAGAME (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Tetsuya MURAKAMI (Grad. Sch. Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Minoru SAKAMA (Tokushima Univ.)
Atsushi SHINOHARA (Osaka Univ.)
Tetsuya SATO (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Keisuke SUEKI (Grad. Sch. Pure Appl. Sci., Univ. Tsukuba)
Fuyuki TOKANAI (Dept. Phys., Yamagata Univ.)
Atsushi TOYOSHIMA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Kazuaki TSUKADA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency)
Akihiko YOKOYAMA (Dept. Chemi., Kanazawa Univ.)
Takashi YOSHIMURA (Osaka Univ.)
Research Consultants
Takashi INAMURA
Kenji KATORI
Toru NOMURA
Students
Junior Research Associate
Nozomi SATO (Grad. Sch. Sci. Eng., Tohoku Univ.)
Student Trainees
Takayuki SUMITA (Tokyo Univ. of Science)
Tomohiro NANRI (Dept. Chem., Kanazawa Univ.)
Itsuro YAMAZAKI (Dept. Chem., Kanazawa Univ.)
Atsushi ASANO (Dept. Chem., Kanazawa Univ.)
Mikio ARAKI (Dept. Chem., Kanazawa Univ.)
Kazuhiro OOE (Osaka Univ.)
Yukiko KOMORI (Osaka Univ.)
Daisuke SUZUKI (Dept. Chem., Kanazawa Univ.)
Reona TAKAYAMA (Osaka Univ.)
Masaki NISHIO (Dept. Chem., Kanazawa Univ.)
Wataru YAHAGI (Osaka Univ.)
Itsuro YAMAZAKI (Dept. Chem., Kanazawa Univ.)
Hiroyuki FUJISAWA (Osaka Univ.)
Takuma KAWASAKI (Niigata Univ.)- 334 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Theoretical Nuclear Physics Laboratory
1. Abstract
Nuclei are ﬁnite many-particle systems composed of protons and neutrons. They are self-bound in femtoscale (10-15m) by the strong interaction (nuclear force) whose study was pioneered by Hideki Yukawa.
Uncommon properties of the nuclear force (repulsive core, spin-isospin dependence, tensor force, etc.)
prevent complete microscopic studies of nuclear structure. There exist number of unsolved problems even atpresent. In addition, radioactive beam facilities reveal novel aspects of unstable nuclei. We are tackling theseold problems and new issues in theoretical nuclear physics, developing new models and pursuing large-scalecalculations of quantum many-body systems. We are also strongly involved in research on other quantum
many-body systems, to resolve mysteries in the quantum physics
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Nuclear structure and quantum reaction theories(2) First-principle calculations with the density functional theory for many Fermion systems(3) Computational nuclear physics
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Finite amplitude mothod for nuclear response calculations
We have performed a systematic calculation of nuclear photoabsorption cross section for light nuclei. The
calculation is fully self-consistent and is based on the time-dependent density-functional theory with theSkyrme functional. This is achieved using the ﬁnite amplitude method we have recently developed. The key
feature of the method is to obtain the matrix elements of the random-phase approximation (RPA) in a simple
way avoiding explicit calculation of induced residual fields. So far, even-even nuclei up to mass number
A=80 have been studied.
In addition, we have been working on extension of the ﬁnite amplitude method to nuclei where the pairingcorrelations are important. The basic equations have been derived and we are currently developing thecomputer program to calculate the linear response utilizing the ﬁnite amplitude method for the quasi-particle
RPA.
(2) Large amplitude dynamics in shape coexistence phenomena
Shape coexistence phenomena in proton-rich Se isotopes have been studied with the adiabatic selfconsistent collective coordinate method. The canonical collective variables, mass parameter, and potential
were determined self-consistently. The calculation indicates importance of the triaxial degrees of freedom forthe tunneling dynamics between two quasi-vacua at prolate and oblate shapes. The collective Hamiltonian
was requantized to calculate excitation spectra and transition properties for the ﬁrst time. The shape mixing
is hindered by coupling to the rotational motion to localize collective wave functions around prolate andoblate minima.
(3) Reaction cross section of stable and unstable nuclei
We have studied the difference between the interaction cross section and the total reaction cross section for
relativistic energies. We show that, for incident stable nuclei, the predicted difference is large enough toprobe the nuclear structure, particularly in a mass region of less than around 40.
We have systematically calculated the total reaction cross sections of oxygen isotopes, 15-24O, on a 12C
target at high energies using the Glauber theory. We have also studied the differential elastic-scattering crosssections of proton-20,21,23O. The agreement between theoretical and experimental results is generally good,and our prediction for proton-20O elastic scattering appears consistent with recent (preliminary) experimental
data.
(4) Low-lying collective modes in deformed unstable nuclei- 335 -

Low-frequency modes of excitation in deformed neutron-rich nuclei have been studied by means of theself-consistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov and the quasiparticle-random-phase approximation based on the
Skyrme energy density functional and the pairing density functional. We have investigated soft Kπ=0+ modes
in neutron-rich Mg isotopes close to the drip line and have found that its strong collectivity is due to thecoherent coupling between the beta vibration and the pairing vibration of neutrons.
(5) Density functional for description of novel pairing properties in nuclei far from stability
Our research focuses on the pairing properties in nucleonic systems under the extreme conditions; superneutron-rich nuclei (N > 2Z) and stellar interiors. We developed an energy density functional for pairingcorrelations (pair-DF) toward description of pairing properties in nuclei across the mass table. Our pair-DF is
an indispensable ingredient for reliable prediction of the ground states and dynamical properties in superneutron-rich nuclei around heavy and medium-heavy mass regions, which are the main research targets in the
RIKEN RIBF. We have completed the extensive calculation from (N-Z)/A=0 to 0.4 (neutron drip line region)
for all even-even nuclei with N, Z > 40. From the analysis, we found the anomalous enhancement of pairingcorrelations in nuclei with large neutron excess, which can bring about various novel collective phenomena.
(6) Molecular structure of 12Be studied with the generalized two-center cluster model
We have developed the generalized two-center cluster model (GTCM), which can handle the ionic, atomic,
and covalent conﬁgurations in general two center systems. We have applied the GTCM to a uniﬁed study on
structures and reactions in 12Be. We have found that, above the alpha decay threshold, various chemicalbonding states coexist with a small energy interval. We also predicted that they were strongly populated
through the two-neutron transfer reactions, alpha+8He- > 6He+6He, which has been measured very recently at
GANIL.
(7) Quantum condensed state of alpha particles in nuclei
We have investigated the quantum condensate state in nuclei, composed of a finite number of alphaparticles, which are weakly interacting like a gas and condensed into the lowest mean ﬁeld 0S orbit. We ﬁnd
a dilute density state in 16O of strong alpha condensate character. The state is located at around the four-alphabreakup threshold as the sixth 0+ state. This discovery in this work is of a great signiﬁcance in triggering
further investigation in heavier nuclei.
(8) Many-body green's function approaches to nuclear structure
Numerical codes for Green's function theory were extended to achieve large-scale calculations using
modern realistic nuclear interactions. Ab-initio studies of medium mass nuclei (up to A=60) are now being
performed. Calculations for 56Ni have reproduced the known spectroscopic factors. Based on this success, thedependence of nuclear correlations on proton-neutron asymmetry is being investigated. The quenching ofexperimental spectroscopic factors is currently an open puzzle for drip-line nuclei. Analogous calculations
have been performed for electronic systems (atoms) to aid in developments of density functional theory.
(9) Smoothing method of S-matrix elements in CDCC calculations
One of the most reliable methods for treating the breakup processes is the method of continuum discretizedcoupled channels (CDCC). In CDCC, the calculated S-matrix elements are discrete in continuum, although
the exact ones are continuous. Thus, one needs a smoothing procedure of the S-matrix in order to analyze
real breakup processes. For this purpose, we have proposed a simple formula by using the complex scaling
method and the validity of the new smoothing method was confirmed by test calculations for three-bodybreakup reactions. In a future work, we will investigate the practicability of this formula for four-bodybreakup processes.
Head
Takashi NAKATSUKASA- 336 -

Members
Akihisa KOHAMA
Special Postdoctoral Researcher
Makoto ITO
Yasuro FUNAKI
Kenichi YOSHIDA
Carlo BARBIERI
Paolo AVOGADRO
Contract Researcher
Masayuki YAMAGAMI
Takuma MATSUMOTO
Senior Visiting Scientist
Kenichi MATSUYANAGI
Research Consultant
Kiyomi IKEDA
Syuhei YAMAJI
Kosai TANABE
Visiting Scientists
Tsunenori INAKURA (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. Tsukuba)
Nicolas L. J. MICHEL (Dept. Phys., Kyoto Univ.)
Taiichi YAMADA (Kanto Gakuin Univ.)
Takenori FURUMOTO (Osaka City Univ.)
Nobuo HINOHARA (Yukawa Inst. Theoretical Phys.)
Makito OI (Univ of Surrey.)Kazuo TAKAYANAGI (Sophia Univ.)
Akitsu IKEDA (Shizuoka Inst. Scie. Tech.)
Satoshi CHIBA (Japan Atomic Energy Agency.)
Wenhui LONG (Peking Univ.)
Michio HONMA (Aizu Univ.)
Masaaki KIMURA (Hokkaido Univ.)
Kazusuke OGATA (Kyushu Univ.)
Takayuki MYO (Osaka Univ.)
Kei IIDA (Kochi Univ.)
Ikuko HAMAMOTO (Lund Univ.)
Kazuhiro YABANA (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. Tsukuba)
Ryoichi SEKI (California Univ.)
Kazuko TANABE (Otsuma Women's Univ.)
Jun TERASAKI (Univ. North)Toshitaka KAZINO (NAOJ)
Noritaka SHIMIZU (Univ of Tokyo)
Meng JIE (Peking Univ.)
Dao TIEN KHOA (Inst. Nucl. Scie. Tech.)
Takatoshi HORIBATA (Aomori Univ.)
Yasuhisa ABE (RCNP)
Akira KISHIMOTO (Japan Atomic Energy Agency.)- 337 -

Kiyoshi KATO (Hokkaido Univ.)
Masahisa OTA (Konan Univ.)
Hiroyuki SAGAWA (Aizu Univ.)
Takahiro WADA (Kansai Univ.)
Akihiro SUZUKI (Suzuki Corporation)
Shigeyoshi AOYAMA (Niigata Univ.)
Yasuyuki SUZUKI (Niigata Univ.)
Kazuhiro OYAMATSU (Aichi Shukutoku Univ.)
Naoyuki ITAGAKI (Univ of Tokyo)
Yoshiko ENYO (Yukawa Inst. Theoretical Phys.)
Yutaka UTSUNO (Japan Atomic Energy Agency.)
Kosuke SUMIYOSHI (Numzu National College of Technology)
Masatoshi TAKANO (Waseda Univ.)
Naoki TAJIMA (Univ of Fukui)
Yoshihiro ARITOMO (JINR)
Munetake ICHIMURA (The Open Univ of Japan)
Yoshihumi SHIMIZU (Kyushu Univ.)
Naotaka YOSHINAGA (Saitama Univ.)
Chie KUROKAWA (Hokkaido Univ.)
Hubert FLOCARD (INP-Orsay)
Badawy SARHAN (Cairo Univ.)
Satoshi SUGIMOTO (Juntendo Univ.)
Toshio SUZUKI (Fukui Univ.)
Masaaki TAKASHINA (RCNP)
Kazuo MUTO (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Koji HIGASHIYAMA (Chiba Institute of Technology)
Koichi HAGINO (Tohoku Univ.)
Yumin ZHAO (Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.)
Steven KARATAGLIDIS (Rhodes Univ.)
Masayuki MATSUO (Tohoku Univ.)
Akira ONO (Tohoku Univ.)
Noboru TAKIGAWA (Tohoku Univ.)
Students
Junior Research Associates
Shuuichiro EBATA (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. Tsukuba)
Koichi SATO (Dept. Phys., Kyoto Univ.)
Student Trainees
Shouhei IWASAKI (Niigata Univ.)
Takenori FURUMOTO (Osaka City Univ.)
Secretary
Shinko ODAI

- 338 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Development GroupSLOWRI Team
1. Abstract
A next-generation slow radioactive nuclear ion beam facility (SLOWRI) which provides slow, high-purity
and small emittance ion beams of all elements is being build as one of the principal facilities at the RIKEN
RI-beam factory (RIBF). High energy radioactive ion beams from the projectile fragment separator BigRIPS
are thermalized in a large gas catcher cell. The thermalized ions in the gas cell are guided and extracted to a
vacuum environment by a combination of dc electric ﬁelds and inhomogeneous rf ﬁelds (rf carpet ion guide).
From there the slow ion beam is delivered via a mass separator and a switchyard to various devices: such as
an ion trap, a collinear fast beam apparatus, and a multi-reﬂection time of ﬂight mass spectrometer. In the
R&D works at the present RIKEN facility, an overall efﬁciency of 5% for a 100A MeV 8Li ion beam fromthe present projectile fragment separator RIPS was achieved and the dependence of the efﬁciency on the ion
beam intensity was investigated.
First spectroscopy experiment at the prototype SLOWI was performed on Be isotopes. Energetic ions of
7,10,11
Be from the RIPS were trapped and laser cooled in a linear rf trap and precision spectroscopy was
performed. The evaluated ion temperature of <10 mK demonstrates that a reduction of more than 15 ordersof magnitude for the kinetic energy of radioactive Be was achieved online. Precise investigation of thehyperﬁne structure will conﬁrm the anomalous mean radius of the valence neutron of the so called neutron
halo nucleus.
Other spectroscopy experiments using the slow RI-beams are also under progress in off-line setups. A
collinear fast beam apparatus for nuclear charge radii measurements was build and tested with stable Ar+ ion
beams. A multi-reﬂection time-of-ﬂight mass spectrograph was build for precise and fast measurements ofshort-lived radioactive nuclei. A high mass resolving power of 200,000 has been achieved with a 3 ms
measurement period.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Development and constraction of the next-generation slow RI-beam facility(2) Precision hyperﬁne spectroscopy of trapped ions for magnetization distribution in a halo nuclues(3) Nuclear charge radii measurements using ion trap and collinear fast beam apparatus(4) Precision mass measurements of short-lived nucei using a multi-reﬂection TOF mass spectrograph(5) Development of deceleration and cooling devices for energetic beams using gas cell and rf ﬁelds.
(6) Atomic physics and fundamental symmetry research investigating nuclear decay of an isolated atom
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Development of universal slow RI-beam facility
WADA, Michiharu, TAKAMINE, Aiko, SCHURY Peter, SONODA, Tetsu, OKADA, Kunihiro, KANAI,
Yasuyuki, YOSHIDA, Atsushi, KUBO, Toshiyuki, YAMAZAKI, Yasunri, WOLLNIK, Hermann,
SCHUESSLER, Hans, NODA, Koji, OHTANI, Shunsuke, KATAYAMA Ichiro
A next-generation slow radioactive nuclear ion beam facility (SLOWRI) which provides slow, high-purity
and small emittance ion beams of all elements is being build as one of the principal facilities at the RIKEN
RI-beam factory (RIBF). High energy radioactive ion beams from the projectile fragment separator BigRIPS
are thermalized in a large gas catcher cell. The thermalized ions in the gas cell are guided and extracted to a
vacuum environment by a combination of dc electric ﬁelds and inhomogeneous rf ﬁelds (rf carpet ion guide).
From there the slow ion beam is delivered via a mass separator and a switchyard to various devices: such as
an ion trap, a collinear fast beam apparatus, and a multi-reﬂection time of ﬂight mass spectrometer. In the
R&D works at the present RIKEN facility, an overall efﬁciency of 5% for a 100A MeV 8Li ion beam from- 339 -

the present projectile fragment separator RIPS was achieved and the dependence of the efﬁciency on the ion
beam intensity was investigated.
(2) Laser spectroscopy of trapped radioactive beryllium isotope ions
WADA, Michiharu, TAKAMINE, Aiko, SCHURY Peter, SONODA Tetsu, OKADA, Kunihiro, KANAI,
Yasuyuki, YOSHIDA, Atsushi, KUBO, Toshiyuki, YAMAZAKI, Yasunori, WOLLNIK, Hermann,
SCHUESSLER, Hans, NODA, Koji, OHTANI, Shunsuke, KATAYAMA Ichiro
As a ﬁrst application of the prototype SLOWRI setup, we are applying hyperﬁne structure spectroscopy tothe beryllium isotopes to determine in particular the anomalous radius of the valence neutron of the neutron
halo nucleus 11Be, and to determine the charge radii of these beryllium isotopes through laser-laser double
resonance spectroscopy of laser-cooled ions. Laser cooling is an essential prerequisite for these plannedexperiments. However, the exact resonance frequencies of the cooling transitions for radioactive beryllium
isotopes are not known. In such light elements, the isotope shifts in the atomic transitions are larger thanseveral 10 GHz and their dominant parts are due to complicated multi-electron correlations. Some theoreticalworks on the isotope shifts of the beryllium ion exist, however the values contradict each other at the level ofaccuracy needed.
The ﬁrst laser spectroscopy experiments for beryllium isotopes were performed to measure the resonancefrequencies of 2s 2S1/2 - 2p 2P3/2 transition of 7Be+, 9Be+, 10Be+ and 10Be+ ions aiming at determining thenuclear charge radii. The hyperfine structure of 11Be+ and 7Be+ ions using the laser-microwave double
resonance spectroscopy were also performed and A (7Be+)=-742.7723 (4) MHz and A (11Be+)=-2677.308 (2)MHz were determined for the ﬁrst time. Precision measurements of the nuclear magnetic moments of theseBe isotopes are in progress.
(3) Development of a multi-reﬂection TOF mass spectrograph
WADA, Michiharu, SCHURY Peter, TAKAMINE, Aiko, SONODA Tetsu, OKADA, Kunihiro,
YAMAZAKI, Yasunori, WOLLNIK, Hermann,
The atomic mass is one of the most important quantity of a nucleus and has been studied in various
methods since the early days of physics. Among many methods we chose a multi-reﬂection time-of-ﬂight(MR-TOF) mass spectrometer. Slow RI beams extracted from the RF ion-guide are bunch injected into thespectrometer with a repetition rate of ~500 Hz. The spectrometer consists of two electrostatic mirrors
between which the ions travel back and forth repeatedly. These mirrors are designed such that energyisochrononicity in the ﬂight time is guaranteed during the multiple reﬂections while the ﬂight time varies
with the masses of ions. A mass-resolving power of >200,000 has been obtained with about 500 reﬂections in
a 30 cm length spectrometer. This mass-resolving power should allow us to determine ion masses with anaccuracy of 10-7. The advantages of the MR-TOF spectrometer are: 1) short measurement periods, typically 2
ms, which allows all neutron rich nuclei to be investigated, 2) the device is compact and its operation is
simple, especially, it is independent from the all upstream devices, accelerators and fragment separators, 3)ions of more than isobars can be measured simultaneously, so that mass reference can easily be established in
the mass spectra. In total, the number of measurable nuclides within a limited beam time would be larger
than that can be achieved by other methods. It should be noted here also that this method can be used evenduring a low-duty parasite beam time. An on-line MR-TOF mass spectrograph with 80 cm length having an
expected mass resolving power of 1,000,000 is under fabrication.
(4) Development of collinear fast beam apparatus for nuclear charge radii measurements
WADA, Michiharu, SCHUESSLER, Hans, IIMURA, Hideki, SONODA, Tetsu, SCHURY, Peter,
TAKAMINE, Aiko, OKADA, Kunihiro, YAMAZAKI, Yasunori, WOLLNIK, Hermann,
The root-mean-square charge radii of unstable nuclei have been determined exclusively by isotope shiftmeasurements of the optical transitions of singly-charged ions or neutral atoms by laser spectroscopy. Many
isotopes of alkaline, alkaline-earth, noble-gases and several other elements have been measured by collinear
laser spectroscopy since these ions have all good optical transitions and are available at conventional ISOL
facilities. However, isotopes of other elements especially refractory and short-lived ones have not been
- 340 -

investigated so far.
In SLOWRI, isotopes of all atomic elements will be provided as well collimated mono-energetic beams.
This should expand the range of applicable nuclides of laser spectroscopy. In the first years of the RIBF
project, Ni and its vicinities, such as Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ga, Ge are planned to be investigated. They all havepossible optical transitions in the ground states of neutral atoms with presently available laser systems. Someof them have so called recycle transitions which enhance the detection probabilities noticeably. Also themultistep resonance ionization (RIS) method can be applied to the isotopes of Ni as well as those of someother elements. The required minimum intensity for this method can be as low as 10 atoms per second.
We have built an off-line mass separator and a collinear fast beam apparatus with a large solid-angle
fluorescence detector. A 617 nm transition of the metastable Ar+ ion at 20 keV was measured with bothcollinear and anti-collinear geometry that allowed us to determine the absolute resonant frequency of thetransition at rest with more than 10-8 accuracy. Such high accuracy measurements for Ti and Ni isotopes arein progress.

Head
Masanori WAKASUGIMembers
Michiharu WADA

- 341 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Development GroupSAMURAI Team
1. Abstract
This team is in charge of design, development and construction of the SAMURAI spectrometer that will be
used for reaction experiments using RI beams at RI Beam Factory. SAMURAI consists of a large
superconducting dipole magnet and a variety of detectors to detect charged particles and neutrons.
2. Major Research Subjects
Design, development and construction of the SAMURAI spectrometer at RI Beam Factory and its related
research instruments.
3. Summary of Research Activity
This team is in charge of design, development and construction of the SAMURAI spectrometer at RI Beam
Factory. Consisting of a large superconducting dipole magnet and a variety of detectors to detect charged
particles and neutrons, SAMURAI will be used for various reaction studies with RI beams.
The research subjects may be summarized as follows:(1) Design, development and construction of a large superconducting dipole magnet that will be the main
component of the SAMURAI spectrometer.
(2) Design, development and construction of various detectors that are used for nuclear reaction experiments
using the SAMURAI spectrometer.

Team Leader
Toshiyuki KUBO
Members
Hiromi SATO
Senior Visiting Scientist
Toshio KOBAYASHI (Tohoku University)- 342 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Development Group
Polarized RI Beam Team
1. Abstract
The team conducts the research and development on the production of spin-oriented radioactive-isotope
beams (RIBs), and applies it to the research on nuclear physics, fundamental physics, and material science.
The microscopic investigation of physical and chemical processes is performed based on nuclear techniques
which takes the advantage of intrinsic nuclear properties and phenomena (spins, electromagnetic moments,
decay modes etc.). In particular, the precession/resonance of a polarized/aligned nuclear spin under anexternal ﬁeld is observed through a change in the angular distribution of radiation, for the study of nuclear
structures via nuclear moments. The experimental methods and devices for fundamental physics researchwith polarized nuclei have been also developed. The same method, as well as the Moessbauer technique, areused for the investigation of condensed matter such as semiconductor, ferromagnets, fullerenes, systems withdilute magnetic impurities etc. by capitalizing radioactive nuclei as microscopic probes into them. All theseresearch activities are to be extended to wide variety of unstable nuclei which RI Beam Factory (RIBF)
provides. A method to produce beams of highly polarized radioactive nuclei, taking full advantage of RIBF,
is being developed.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Nuclear-moment measurements of unstable nuclei(2) RIPS upgrade and the development of highly polarized slow RI beams(3) Fundamental physics: Study of symmetry(4) Condensed matter studies using radioactive nuclear probes
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Nuclear-moment measurements of unstable nuclei
It has been revealed in our earlier work that spin-oriented RIBs can be obtained as a function of theiroutgoing momentum in the projectile-fragmentation reaction. With the obtained spin-polarized nuclei,
ground- and excited-state nuclear moments can be determined by means of the β-NMR and TDPAD methods,
respectively. Based on these technique, we have recently been conducted the nuclear-moments measurementof neutron-rich sd -shell around the neutron magic number N =20. It has been proposed in this region that aninversion of amplitudes between the sd normal and the pf intruder conﬁgurations would lead to deformationof the ground states. Thus, the region of nuclei is called the island of inversion . The measured nuclear
moments are expected to provide microscopic properties for those nuclei of interest. The sub-themes are thefollowing:● Nuclear structure study of neutron-rich aluminum isotopes 30-32Al on the border of the island of inversion
and 33-34Al on/beyond it.
● Investigation of a new island of inversion around N =28, the nuclear-moment measurements of neutronrich isotopes.
● The ground-state electric quadrupole moment measurements of 23Al for the study of the T =3/2 mirror
symmetry.
● Study of nuclei around Fe region: isospin symmetry study by means of the magnetic moment of the 10+
isomer in 54Ni, and the study of magicity in the vicinity of 68Ni through the quadrupole moment of the
13/2+ isomeric state in 69Cu.
● Development of a new method to produce highly spin-aligned RIBs and a superconducting-magnet
TDPAD system.
(2) RIPS upgrade and the development of highly polarized slow RI beams- 343 -

The upgrade of RIPS has been proposed in the phase-II programs. In the cyclotron-cascade acceleration
scheme, beams are accelerated up to the energy of E =115 A MeV with IRC. In this upgrade, the former
fragment separator RIPS is equipped with a new beam line that delivers beams of 115 A MeV heavy ionsfrom the IRC cyclotron. RI beams produced by the primary beams at such an intermediate energy are highenough to produce RIBs via projectile-fragmentation reactions and suitably low in energy to be stopped in asample material of limited thicknesses. Compared with the production yield of RIBs in the present AVF-RRC
acceleration scheme, they are drastically increased. The design study of the upgrade program is in progressin our team. We noted that RIBs produced at E =115 A MeV can be spin-oriented so that the nuclear-momentmeasurements will be further conducted. Also, combining a new atomic-beam resonance method to combinewith fragmentation-based RI beams, which is under development, to this program, highly spin-polarized RI
beams will be produced in a low beam-energy region. Then, they could be useful not only for nuclearmoment measurements but also for spin-related subjects in nuclear physics, fundamental physics, andmaterial sciences.
(3) Fundamental physics: Study of symmetry
Nuclear spins of stable and unstable isotopes sometimes play important roles in fundamental physics
research. New experimental methods and devices have been developed for studies on the violation of time
reversal symmetry (T -violation) using spin-polarized nuclei. These experiments aim detection of small
frequency shift of the spin precession or measurement of the T -odd angular correlation in β-decay as
T- violating signals arising from new mechanisms beyond the "Standard Model". Sub-themes are thefollowing:● Precision measurement of spin-precession frequency with a new type of the nuclear spin maser for
atomic EDM (Electric Dipole Moment) search.
● Development of a new Mott polarimeter for T -violation experiment using β-decay of polarized unstable
nuclei.
(4) Condensed matter studies using radioactive nuclear probes
Utilizing RI beams as a probe, online Mössbauer spectroscopy and online perturbed angular correlation
experiments have been carried out through the γ-ray measurements. The microscopic structures, dynamics inferromagnets, and properties of semiconductors have been investigated from the deduced internal local ﬁelds
and the spin relaxation of the probe in materials. The β-NMR/NQR method is also utilized for thesecondensed matter studies. The methods and apparatus have been developed. Also, basic studies on the probe
nuclei have been carried out. Sub-themes are the following:● Study of "exotic" chemical states and the fast atomic-jump processes in solid with the online Mössbauer
spectroscopy of implanted 57Fe
● Development of the on-line perturbed angular-correlation method with 19O beams as a new probe● Study of the diffusion and segregation of Fe impurity atoms in Si through in-beam Mössbauer
experiment with a Coulomb excited, recoil implanted 57Fe nuclei.
● Study of the fast diffusion of Cu impurity atoms in Si through β-NMR/NQR with implanted 58Cu.

Team Leader
Masanori WAKASUGIMembers
Hideki UENO
Akihiro YOSHIMI
Yuichi ICHIKAWA
Yoshio KOBAYASHI- 344 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Development Group
Rare RI-ring Team
1. Abstract
We are developing the isochronous storage ring to measure the mass for rare radioactive isotopes (Rare RIring). It is assumed that uranium is synthesized by neutron capture process after the supernovae explosion(r-process). To prove r-process, mass measurements for the rare RI are indispensable. To deduce the mass,
we measure the circulation time (cyclotron frequency) for the rare RI inside the ring. RI beams produce in
RIBF have some energy spread. To compensate the spread, isochronicity inside the ring is indispensable(isochronous storage ring). We will inject the rare RI one by one to the ring (individual injection) to identify
the RI event-by-event. To perform the individual injection, we need a long injection line for the ring. The
isochronous storage ring and the individual injection are very unique system.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Developments of isochronous storage ring to measure mass of rare RI.
(2) Developments of detectors for mass measurements and the related devices.
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Developments of isochronous storage ring to measure mass of rare RI
We are improving conceptual designs for an isochronous storage ring, kicker magnets, and the injection
line to the storage ring. The storage ring consists of six sector magnets. The edge angles of each sector
magnets compensate the ﬁrst order isochronism. For the kicker magnets, we ﬁxed rough speciﬁcations. For
the injection line, we performed the ﬁrst order ion-optical calculations. Furthermore, we performed magnetic
ﬁeld measurements of a present sector magnet in BigRIPS by using NMR with high accuracy.
(2) Developments of detectors for mass measurements and the related devices
Thin and fast timing detectors are developed. The group in Saitama University developed thin plasticscintillators. They found that reasonably good timing resolution can be achieved even in the thin scintillator
with 10 micron thickness. The group in University of Tsukuba developed Hybrid Photo Detector (HPD),
which can replace with traditional Photo Multi Tube (PMT). Concerning to the related devices for the massmeasurements, we started to develop cluster ion-source, that can be used for magnetic ﬁeld calibrator in thestorage ring.

Team Leader
Masanori WAKASUGI
Research Associate
Yoshitaka YAMAGUCHIJRA
Shinpei NAKAJIMA (Saitama University)
Tetsuaki MORIGUCHI (University of Tsukuba)
Visiting Scientists
Akira OZAWA (Inst. Phys., Univ.of Tsukuba)
Yusuke YASUDA (Inst. Phys., Univ.of Tsukuba)
Ichiro ARAI (Inst. Phys., Univ.of Tsukuba)
Takeshi SUZUKI (Saitama University)- 345 -

Takayuki YAMAGUCHI (Saitama University)
Takashi OHTSUBO (Niirata University)
Takashi KIKUCHI (Nagaoka University of Technology)- 346 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Development GroupSCRIT Team
1. Abstract
We aim at the investigation of internal nuclear structure of short-lived radioactive nuclei (RI) by means ofelectron scattering. Electron scattering for RI's has never been performed duo to inability to make target ofthese nuclei. An electron-RI collider system, which requires a huge accelerator complex, has so far beenunique solution to overcome the difﬁculty. We have developed a novel internal target system named SCRIT(Self-Conﬁning RI Ion Target) in an electron storage ring to make the experiment easier with much compact
experimental system. An electron accelerator system required in this experiment will be constructed in nextyear, and the SCRIT device will be completed within the next two years.
2. Major Research Subjects
Development of the SCRIT technology and electron scattering for unstable nuclei
3. Summary of Research Activity
Development of a novel internal target of unstable nuclei (SCRIT) in an electron storage ring for electron
scattering experiment(Wakasugi, Suda, Ito, Emoto, Nakamura, Kurita, Tamae, Noda, Shirai, Yano)
We have successfully developed a novel internal target system, which is to be used in an electron storage
ring. This is named SCRIT (Self-Conﬁning Radioactive Ion Target). This technology can localize speciﬁcions on the electron beam axis using so-called "ion-trapping" phenomenon and form a ﬁxed target of unstable
nuclei. This will realize electron-scattering experiments for short-lived nuclei that have never been succeeded
in. In the R&D study of the SCRIT at the KSR in Kyoto University, we conﬁrmed that approximately 107 of
133
Cs ions in the SCRIT device, and the angular distribution of elastically scattered electrons from the trapped
Cs ions was measured. The collision luminosity was reached to be 1026 /cm2/s, and the feasibility of electron
scattering for unstable nuclei was completely demonstrated.
In last year, we moved the electron accelerator system, which consists of a 150-MeV microtron and anelectron storage ring, to RIKEN from Sumitomo Heavy Industry Co. Ltd. They will be re-constructed andthe SCRIT experimental system will be installed into the storage ring in 2009. We plan to start the electron
scattering experiment for unstable nuclei from the beginning of 2011.

Team Leader
Masanori WAKASUGIMembers
Takashi EMOTO- 347 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Operation GroupGARIS Team
1. Abstract
Development and maintenance of devices related to study of the superheavy elements.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Maintenance and development of a recoil separator.
(2) Development of rapid chemistry devices.
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Maintenance and development of recoil separator
A gas-filled recoil separator has been used as a main experimental device for the study of superheavy
elements. We will develop and maintain the related devices. We will also offer user-support if a researcher
wishes to use the devices for his/her own research program.
(2) Development of devices for fast chemistry
We do research and development of devices for fast chemistry of superheavy elements. We also offer usersupport for potential users.

Team Leader
Kouji MORIMOTO
Members
Kosuke MORITA
Daiya KAJI
Akira YONEDA- 348 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Operation GroupBigRIPS Team
1. Abstract
This team is in charge of design, construction, development and operation of BigRIPS in-ﬂight separator
and its related research instruments at RI beam factory (RIBF). They are employed not only for the
production of RI beams but also the experimental studies using RI beams.
2. Major Research Subjects
Design, construction, development and operation of BigRIPS in-ﬂight separator, RI-beam transport lines,
and their related research instruments
3. Summary of Research Activity
This team is in charge of design, construction, development and operation of BigRIPS in-ﬂight separator,
RI-beam transport lines, and their related research instruments such as ZeroDegree spectrometer at RI beamfactory (RIBF). They are employed not only for the production of RI beams but also various kinds ofexperimental studies using RI beams.
The research subjects may be summarized as follows:(1) General studies on RI-beam production using in-ﬂight scheme.
(2) Studies on ion-optics of in-ﬂight separators, including particle identiﬁcation of RI beams(3) Simulation and optimization of RI-beam production.
(4) Development of beam-line detectors and their data acquisition system.
(5) Experimental studies on production reactions and unstable nuclei.
(6) Experimental studies of the limits of nuclear binding.
(7) Development of superconducting magnets and their helium cryogenic systems.
(8) Development of a high-power production target system.
(9) Development of a high-power beam dump system.
(10) Development of a remote maintenance and remote handling systems.
(11) Operation, maintenance and improvement of BigRIPS separator system, RI-beam transport lines, andtheir related research instruments such as ZeroDegree spectrometer and so on.
(12) Design and construction of high-resolution beam line at RIBF.

Team Leader
Toshiyuki KUBO
Members
Naohito INABE
Atsushi YOSHIDA
Koichi YOSHIDA
Masao OHTAKE
Yoshiyuki YANAGISAWA
Contract Researchers
Kensuke KUSAKA
Tetsuya OHNISHI- 349 -

Research Associates
Naoki FUKUDA
Hiroyuki TAKEDA
Daisuke KAMEDA
Kanenobu TANAKA
Part-time Staff
Hidekazu KUMAGAIJRA
Yoshiko SASAMOTO
Student
Masafumi MATSUSHITA
Senior Visiting Scientist
Susumu SHIMOURA (CNS, Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Visiting Scientist
Bradly SHERRILL (NSCL, Michigan State Univ., USA)
Daniel BAZIN (NSCL, Michigan State Univ., USA)
Anthony NETTLETON (NSCL, Michigan State Univ., USA)
Hans GEISSEL (GSI, Germany)
Martin WINKLER (GSI, Germany)
Michael FAMIANO (Western Michigan Univ., USA)
Shashikant MANIKONDA (Argonne National Lab., USA)
Yutaka MIZOI (Osaka Electro-Commnication Univ.)- 350 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Operation Group
Computing and Network Team
1. Abstract
Development, management and operation of the computing and network environment, mail server and dataacquisition system and control of the information security of the Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based
Science.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Development, management and operation of the computing(2) Development, management and operation of the mail server(3) Development, management and operation of the data acquisition system(4) Development, management and operation of the network environment(5) Control of the information security
3. Summary of Research Activity
Development, management and operation of the computing and network environment, mail server and dataacquisition system and control of the information security of the Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based
Science

Team Leader
Takashi ICHIHARA
MemberYasushi WATANABE
Hidetada BABA

- 351 -

Nuclear Physics Research Division
Experimental Installations Operation Group
Detector Team
1. Abstract
This team is in charge of organizing various detector developments performed at in-house laboratories andgroups, in order to improve mutual share of knowledge and experience. The team is also in charge ofdevelopment and operation of cryogenic target systems used for nuclear physics experiments.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Development of delay-line PPAC.
(2) Development of transmitter/receiver for fast signal transmission through optical ﬁbers.
(3) Design study of a micro strip silicon detector.
(4) Development and operation of cryogenic hydrogen and helium targets.
3. Summary of Research Activity
This team is presently focusing on developments of delay-line PPAC and fast signal transmission system
consisting of optical ﬁber and a pair of fast transmitter and receiver. These two developments are essential
for particle identiﬁcation at BigRIPS separator and ZeroDegree spectrometer at RI Beam Factory (RIBF).
The team is also in charge of development and operation of cryogenic target systems.
(1) Delay-line PPACAt BigRIPS and ZeroDegree, a purity of radioactive isotope (RI) beams is as low as 10% or less at medium
and heavy mass region. Thus, development of detectors for high-rate use is one of goals in this team. With
this respect, we have developed a position-sensitive Parallel Plate Avalanche Counter (PPAC). Delay-line
read-out technique appropriate for high rate use is employed for position determination. This PPAC has two
stripped-electrodes for both horizontal and vertical positions, and this configuration leads to highperformance in terms of efﬁciency as well as position resolution. More than ten PPACs have been installed at
BigRIPS and ZeroDegree, and successfully used for RI-beam production and experiments.
(2) Fast transmitter and receiver for optical ﬁber.
In general co-axial metal wires are used for fast signal transmission. Instead, we have developed a special
circuit for fast signal transmission through optical fibers, which consists of a pair of fast transmitter andreceiver with a semiconductor laser and photo diode. At RIBF, circuits for detectors are located at several
focal planes of the BigRIPS and ZeroDegree, and distances between focal-planes and counting room are aslong as 100 m. The use of optical ﬁbers for signal transmission allows us to focus on a common ground ateach focal plane and easily isolate the ground levels.
The circuit has a fast time response of more than 1GHz. Attenuation of signal amplitudes is negligibly
small even at a long distance transmission of more than 100m. Many sets of transmitter/receiver with an
optical fiber have been manufactured and installed for detectors at BigRIPS and ZeroDegree, andsuccessfully used for RI-beam production and experiments. This fast signal transmission scheme will bestandard at RIBF.
(3) Design study of a micro strip silicon detector that will be used for SAMURAI spectrometer.
(4) Development and operation of cryogenic targets for nuclear physics experiments.
Development and operation of cryogenic targets, such as liquid hydrogen and helium targets and a solidhydrogen target, are very important for nuclear physics experiments using RI beams at BigRIPS and RIBF.

Team Leader
Toshiyuki KUBO
- 352 -

Members
Ken-ichiro YONEDA
Contract Researcher
Kanenobu TANAKA
Meiko UESAKA
Senior Visiting Scientist
Hirohiko SHIMIZU (Inst.of Materials Structure Sci., KEK)

- 353 -

User Liaison and Support Division
User Liaison and Support Group
User Support Ofﬁce
1. Abstract
The RIKEN RI Beam Factory is the world preeminent facility providing the greatest opportunities forscientiﬁc researches. The facility, completed its construction in 2007, has started its full-scale operation in
the end of the year 2008. It is our important mission to serve for a broad range of application of a large
variety of researchers so that we bring out the best performance of the RI Beam Factory. We manage tofacilitate the use of RI Beam Factory to the researchers both inside and outside of RIKEN, to support
experiments using the accelerator complex, to exploit industrial application researches, and to promote the
RI Beam Factory to interested researchers
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Facilitation of the use of the RI Beam Factory(2) Support of experiments in the RI Beam Factory(3) Promotion of the RI Beam Factory to interested researchers
3. Summary of Research Activity
In order to facilitate the use of RI Beam Factory to the researchers both inside ad outside of RIKEN, wehave organized international Program Advisory Committee, consisting of world leading scientists, to review
proposals, purely based on their scientific merit and feasibility, in the fields of nuclear physics (NP) andmaterial-and-life science (ML). The NP- and ML-PAC meetings are organized twice a year.

Team Leader
Toshimi SUDA
Members
Mieko KOGURE
Technical Staff I
Narumasa MIYAUCHI
Assistant
Tomoko IWANAMI
Yuri TSUBURAI- 354 -

User Liaison and Support Division
User Liaison and Support Group
Industrial Cooperation Team
1. Abstract
The scope of the industrial cooperation team includes industrial application of RIBF facility and researchand development for industrial application of accelerator associated technologies.
2. Major Research Subjects
Distribution of radioisotopes Zn-65 and Cd-109 produced at RIKEN AVF Cyclotron and investigation ofnovel industrial applications of the accelerator beam and its related technologies
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Charged distribution of radioisotopes
At RIBF, various speciﬁc radioisotopes for research have been produced with the cyclotrons and used forvarious research projects. Since October 2007, we have distributed radioisotopes Zn-65 and Cd-109, which
are produced by the RI application team at the AVF cyclotron, to nonafﬁliated users under a Material Transfer
Agreement between Japan Radioisotope Association and RIKEN.
(2) Feasibility study of RI-beam application in industries
To study feasibility of application of RI beam to industrial ﬁelds, research collaboration is being arranged
with a private company.

Team Leader
Tadashi KAMBARA
Members
Tomoko ABE
Hiroshige TAKEICHI
Visiting Scientists
Makiko KAGA (National Inst. of Mental Health, Natl. Ctr. Neurol. Psychiat.)
Atsuko GUNJI (National Inst. of Mental Health, Natl. Ctr. Neurol. Psychiat.)
Michiteru KITAZAKI (Res. Center for Future Vehicle. Toyohashi Univ. of Tech.)Student Trainees
Kouta ARAI (Sakushin Gakuin Univ.)
Shinichiro HARIYAMA (Dept. of Knowledge-based Information Eng., Toyohashi Univ. of
Tech.)
Shinichi ONIMARU (Dept. of Knowledge-based Information Eng., Toyohashi Univ. of Tech.)- 355 -

Sub Nuclear System Research Division
Radiation Laboratory
1. Abstract
Nucleons, such as protons and neutrons, are a bound state of constituent quarks glued together with gluons.
The detail structure of nucleons, however, is not well understood yet. Especially the mechanism to build up
the spin of proton, which is 1/2, is a major problem in physics of the strong force. The research goal of
Radiation Laboratory is to solve this fundamental question using the ﬁrst polarized-proton collider, realized
at RHIC, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in USA. RHIC stands for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider,aiming also to create Quark Gluon Plasma, the state of Universe just after the Big Bang. RIKEN-BNL
Research Center (RBRC) directed by N. Samios carries our core team at BNL for those exciting researches.
Recent data analysis has shown that the proton spin carried by gluons is indeed small, which is a very
striking ﬁnding beyond our expectations. We have been doing other pioneering researches at the domestic
accelerators at SPring-8 and High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) which is now precededto the new experiment at J-PARC. We are also performing technical developments such as novel ion sources,
super conducting detectors, ﬁne pitch pixel detectors and neutron optical devices.
2. Major Research subjects
1) Spin physics with relativistic polarized-proton collisions at RHIC
2) Study of nuclear matter at high temperature and/or at high density
3) Technical developments on radiation detectors and accelerators
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Experimental study of spin structure of proton using RHIC polarized proton collider[See: RIKEN-BNL Research Center Experimental Group](2) Experimental study of quark-gluon plasma RHIC heavy ion collider[See: RIKEN-BNL Research Center Experimental Group](3) Study of properties of mesons and exotic hadrons with domestic accelerators
Hadrons with more than three quarks are of great interest and have been looked for over the past 30 years.
The Q+ is a genuine exotic baryon with the minimum quark conﬁguration of u, u, d, d and anti-s. After theﬁrst report on the evidence of the Q+ at SPring-8/LEPS in 2002, evidence and counterevidence have beenreported from all over the world, but its existence is not conclusive yet. We have made effort to establish theQ+ since our ﬁrst report. This year we reported again the observation of the Q+ with clean and high statistics
data at SPring-8/LEPS [Phys.Rev.C 79, 025210 (2009)]. In order to establish the Q+ and explore the world of
multiquark hadrons, R & D work is underway to construct LEPS-II, which is a new beam line and detectors
at SPring-8.
Besides the Q+, there is a long standing problem on the internal structure of the L (1405), whether 3 quarks,
meson-baryon molecule or 5 quarks. In 2008, we measured the cross section of L (1405) photoproduction forthe ﬁrst time in the world. The data show strong enhancement near production threshold, and may suggest
contributions of exotic production mechanisms related to the meson-baryon molecular structure of the L(1405) [PRC 78, 035202 (2008)].
Preparation of the experiment E16 at J-PARC 50-GeV PS is ongoing to obtain the full approval by PAC.
The experiment aims to perform the systematic study of the mass modiﬁcation of low-mass vector mesons in
nuclei to explore the chiral symmetry in nuclear matter. GEM tracker and hadron-blind Cherenkov counterare being developed for the experiment. Required position resolution, approximately 100 micro meters, wasachieved with a newly-developed ﬂexible read-out board in a beam test of the tracker.
(4) Study of Accelerator and Ion source
To achieve highly polarized beams in RHIC it is necessary to understand the AGS (RHIC injector- 356 -

synchrotron) spin dynamics. The normal-conducting partial-snake magnet, which we have developed for
AGS years ago, is now in a stable operation with the other super-conducting snake magnet in AGS. After the
departure of Researcher M. Okamura to BNL, this research category is moved to the collaborative work with
BNL. Major equipments were transferred to BNL and became operational to continue the development of ion
source with direct plasma injection scheme, with helps of two of our students.
(5) Detector development for PHENIX experiment
We have been developing the silicon vertex tracker (VTX) in order to enhance physics capability of the
PHENIX detector at RHIC. It consists of two inner layers of pixel detectors and two outer layers of strip
detectors. RIKEN Radiation Laboratory group is responsible for the ladder fabrication of the pixel detector.
The production of high-signal-density low-material-budget ﬂexible printed circuit board (bus) was started
followed by a check procedure using dedicated test equipments. Prototype of the ladder was assembled on
the fabricated bus and showed its functionality within the full PHENIX data acquisition chain. Also theassembly procedure with 10-micron accuracy was established
We also have been developing the momentum-sensitive trigger system for the PHENIX muon arms under
the collaboration with KEK, Kyoto and Rikkyo University. About 200 circuit boards for the new trigger
system were installed to a half of the muon arm acceptance and they are planned to be commissioned during
the experiment in 2009.
(6) Research and development of superconductor radiation detectors
Superconductor radiation detectors are able to measure the energies of photons with a much better
resolution than any type of conventional detectors. They are capable of detecting photons over a wide energy
range and also charged particles. We have been developing superconducting tunnel junctions (STJs) as highresolution radiation detectors. This year, we continued the collaborations between KEK and University ofTsukuba. With KEK, we succeeded in fabricating Aluminum-based-STJ (Al-STJ) which was free from adamage due to heat cycle. The sub-gap current of these STJs were almost uniform and they were consistent
with calculated values from the BCS theorem. With Univ. of Tsukuba, we continued to study basic
fabrication methods in order to make Hafnium-based-STJ (Hf-STJ). We found that Hf can be etched with
ICP reactive etching method. An obtained etching speed was 31nm/min and this is enough to fabricate Hfﬁlm. We have started to make Hf-STJ structure. So far, unfortunately, we don't succeed in fabricating proper
tunnel junctions.
We have decided to close this activity in Radiation Laboratory and transferred all the equipments to KEK.
Our technologies to fabricate STJ are inherited by KEK and Univ. of Tsukuba.
(7) Neutron optics
Cold or thermal neutron beam is a high-sensitivity probe to study not only the structure of condensed
matter, but also nuclear and particle physics. However, its realistic applications are still limited since thenumbers of available neutron sources are small and their intensities are low. This project aims to enhance the
efﬁciency in using those precious neutron beams by improving the neutron beam optics, in order to maximize
scientiﬁc outputs within a short period of time. Base on the developed technologies, devices are fabricatedand distributed to other laboratories and universities by "Riken Venture Company", Japan Neutron Optics
Inc.
This year, we successfully observed the ﬁrst signal for fundamental physics research in a new beam line at
1MW Pulse Spallation Neutron Source in J-PARC. This beam line was designed by applying our knowledge
and technique of neutron optics. We also succeed to observe interference signals of cold neutrons using the
Si crystal interferometer at JRR-3M. There, we are developing a new type of instrument for phase-difference
imaging with use of the gratings developed by us. We are also planning to study neutron Electron Dipole
Moment using a perfect crystal at the J-PARC beam line.
(8) Theoretical study of hadron physics
Nuclear matter at finite temperature and density was studied in lattice simulations of quantum
chromodynamics (QCD) which is the ﬁrst principle to describe the interactions of quarks and gluons. Several- 357 -

experimental properties of a QCD phase transition from a hadronic matter to quark-gluon plasma, suggested
by relativistic heavy-ion experiments at RHIC, were investigated with calculations of Polyakov-loop andquark number susceptibilities. A new approach to calculate the equation of state was derived and developedin the full-QCD simulations which include dynamical quarks of up, down and strange ﬂavors.
Strong correlation in QGP was also studied in the lattice QCD simulation. Calculating correlation functions
between Polyakov-loop operators, the free energy and potential between heavy quarks were extracted andconﬁnement properties before and after the deconﬁnement transition and screening effects in the electric andmagnetic sectors were investigated. Dissociation temperature of a charmonium bound state in QGP was also
investigated in a multi-state variational analysis.
The fragmentation functions for the proton and the pion are studied using the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL)
model. The Drell-Levy-Yan (DLY) relation, which connects the fragmentation functions with the quark
distribution functions, is used to select the diagrams. The calculated fragmentation functions are Q2 evolved
to be compared with the results of global analyses. The calculation gives too small fragmentation functions
both for protons and pions. It is also found that the DLY relation could be violated by the cut-off procedureand the Q2 evolution may develop a singularity at x=1. Attempts to improve the choice of diagrams are now
in progress.
In connection with the hot QCD, the particle emission and absorption in a uniformly accelerated frame arestudied. The canonical quantization for the Maxwell field is formulated in general static space-timegeometries and is applied to the case of the Rindler space-time corresponding to the uniformly accelerated
frame. The Unruh effect is conﬁrmed and its implications to RHIC physics are discussed. The effects of theuniform acceleration on the Coulomb potential are also studied and the possible ways of observing them in
the hydrogen spectra are discussed.

Head
Hideto EN'YO
Members
Yasuyuki AKIBA
Yuji GOTO
Itaru NAKAGAWA
Yoshie OTAKE
Hiromi SATO
Atsushi TAKETANI
Yasushi WATANABE
Satoshi YOKKAICHISpecial Postdoctoral Researchers
Yoshinori FUKAO
Masayuki NIIYAMA
Contract Researchers
Kazuya AOKIRyo ICHIMIYA
Kohei FUJIWARA
Maki MUROSAWA
Kenichi NAKANO
Tomoaki NAKAMURA
Yu MAESAWA- 358 -

Yoshiyuki ONUKI
Marco STRATMANN
Research Consultant
Katsuya HIROTA
Senior Visiting Scientists
Ken-ichi IMAI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Toshiaki SHIBATA (Grad. Sch. of Sci. and Eng., Tokyo Inst. of Tech. Sch. of Sci.)
Hirohiko SHIMIZU (Inst. of Materials Structure Sci., KEK)
Toshio SUZUKI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kanazawa Univ.)
Koichi YAZAKI (Tokyo Woman's Christian Univ.)
Takashi NAKANO (RCNP, Osaka Univ.)
Visiting Scientists
Tomohiro ADACHI (DAI-ICHI KIDEN CO.,LTD)
Christine A. AIDALA (Univ. Massachusetts, Amherst, USA)
Alexander BAZILEVSKY (BNL, USA)
Wolfgang BENTZ (Tokai Univ.)
Mickey CHIU (Univ. of Illinois at Urbana, USA)
Ondrej CHVALA (Univ. of California at Riverside)
Takumi DOI (University of Kentucky)
Dipanwita DUTTA (Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre)
Seishi DAIRAKU (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Waled EMAM (Univ. of California at Riverside, USA)
Frank ELLINGHAUS (Univ. of Colorado, USA)
Hirotsugu FUJII (Grad. Sch./College of Arts and Sciences, Univ. of Tokyo)
Hisako FUJIMURA (Facul. Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Kenji FUKUSHIMA (YITP, Kyoto Univ.)
Haruhiko FUNAHASHI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Takashi HACHIYA (Private Company)
Yuji HASEGAWA (Wien Inst. Tech.)
Tetsuo HATSUDA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Toshiyuki HATTORI (Res. Lab. for Nuclear Reactors, Tokyo Inst. of Tech. Sch. of Sci.)
Masashi HAZUMI (KEK)
Takeo HIGUCHI (KEK)
Masanori HIRAI (Grad. Sch. of Sci. and Eng., Tokyo Inst. of Tech.)
Kensuke HONMA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Takuma HORAGUCHI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Kazuaki IKEDA (AIST)
Katsuya ISHIGURO (Grad. Sch. of Natural Sci. & Tech., Kanazawa Univ.)
Noriyoshi ISHII (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. of Tsukuba)
Hirokazu ISHINO (Tokyo Inst.Tech.)
Barbara JAGER (KEK)
Robert JAMESON (Goethe Universitat Frankfurt, Germany)Takeshi KANESUE (Kyushu Univ.)
Masashi KANETA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Hirotsugu KASHIWAGI (Takasaki Advanced Radiation Res. Inst., JAEA)
Takeo KAWASAKI (Grad. Sch. of Sci. and Tech., Niigata Univ.)- 359 -

Akio KIYOMICHI (J-PARC, JAEA)
Yuji KOIKE (Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Tech., Niigata Univ.)
Dmitiri KOTCHETKOV (Univ. New Mexico, USA)
Shunzo KUMANO (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Teiji KUNIHIRO (Yukawa Inst. for Theoretical Phys., Kyoto Univ.)
Masahiko KURAKADO (Osaka Electro-CommunicationUniv.)
Han LIU (Phys. Dept., New Mexico State Univ.)
Ming XIONG LIU (Los Alamos Nat. Lab., USA)
Yoshikazu MAEDA (RCNP , Osaka Univ.)
Keisuke MAEHATA (Fac. of Eng., Kyushu Univ.)
Yajun MAO (Peking Univ., China)
Yasuo MIAKE (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. of Tsukuba)
Tsutomu MIBE (KEK)
Kenji MISHIMA (KEK)Yoshiyuki MIYACHI (Tokyo Inst. Tech.)
Osamu MORIMATSU (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Takahiro MORISHIMA (KEK)
Hiroaki MYOREN (Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Yoshifumi NAKAMURA (DESY, Germany)
Atsushi NAKAMURA (Information Media Center, Hiroshima Univ.)
Masashi OHNO (Sch. of Eng., Univ. of Tokyo)
Munehisa OHTANI (Inst. fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitact Regensburg, Germany)
Hiromi Okada (KEK)
Masahiro OKAMURA (BNL, USA)
Petra RIEDLER (CERN, Switzerland)
Naohito SAITO (J-PARC, KEK)
Shoichi SASAKI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Shin-ya SAWADA (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Michiko SEKIMOTO (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Kenta SHIGAKI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Prashant SHUKLA (Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre)
Kazutaka SUDO (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Toru SUGITATE (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Mizuki SUMIHAMA (RCNP , Osaka Univ.)
Kazutaka SUMISAWA ( KEK)
Toru TAINO (Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Osamu TAJIMA (KEK)
Junpei TAKANO (KEK)
Manobu TANAKA (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Kiyoshi TANIDA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Kazuo TANIGUCHI (Fac. of Eng., Osaka Electro-Communication Univ.)
Hisayuki TORII (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Yutaka USIHIRODA (KEK)
Shizui WATANABE (Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautical Engineering)
Imuran YOUNUS (Univ. of New Mexico, USA)
Research Fellow
Toru SEKIDO (Grad. Sch. of Natural Sci. & Tech., Kanazawa Univ.)- 360 -

Yoshichika SEKI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Seishi DAIRAKU (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Students
Junior Research Associate
Yoki ARAMAKI (CNS, Univ. Tokyo)
Masatoshi HAMADA (Fac. of Sci., Kyushu Univ.)
Kimiaki HASHIMOTO (Fac. of Sci., Rikkyo Univ.)
Kenichi KARATSU (Fac. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Kentaro MIKI (Inst. Phys., Univ. Tsukuba)
Misaki OUCHIDA (Facul. Science, Facul. Sci. Hiroshima Univ.)
Satoshi SANO (CNS , Univ.Tokyo)
Kohei SHOJI (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Jun TAMURA (Grad. Sch. at Nagatsuta, Tokyo Inst.Technol.)
Yorito YAMAGUCHI (CNS, Univ. Tokyo)
InternHikaru KOUNO (Fac. of Sci., Rikkyo Univ.)
Kazushi TSUKADA (Fac. of Sci., Rikkyo Univ.)
Student Trainees
Satoshi ADACHI
Kazutaka AOKI (Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Yosuke HAKI (Fac. of Sci., Rikkyo Univ.)
Yusuke FUJISAWA (Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Taku ITO (Grad. Sch. of Sci. and Eng., Tokyo Inst. of Tech.)
Yoshihiro IWANAGA (Facul. Science, Facul. Sci. Hiroshima Univ.)
Miki KASAI (Coll.Sci. , Rikkyo Univ.)
Yuuji KATOU (RCNP , Osaka Univ.)
Kotaro KIJIMA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Kouichi MATSUBARA (Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Nathan MEANS (Dept. of Physics, SUNY at Stony Brook)
Shinji MOTOKI (Grad. Sch. of Biosphere Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Yoshihide NAKAMIYA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Katsuro NAKAMURA (Facul.Sci. , Kyoto Univ.)
Masaya NIHASHI (Facul. Science , Facul. Sci. Hiroshima Univ.)
Kentaro NISHIMURA (Univ. Tokyo)
Atsushi OKAMURA (Facul.Sci. , Kyoto Univ.)
Koichi SAKASHITA (Tokyo Inst.Technol.)
Shinkuro SATO (Inst. Phys., Univ.Tsukuba)
Takahiro SAWADA (RCNP, Osaka Univ.)
Maya SHIMOMURA (National Inst. of Advanced Industrial Sci. and Tech.)
Satoru UEDA (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sciences, Univ. of Tsukuba)
Technical Staff
Junpei KANAYA
Secretaries
Noriko KIYAMA
Yoko SAKUMA- 361 -

Sub Nuclear System Research Division
Advanced Meson Science Laboratory
1. Abstract
Particles like muons, pions, and kaons have finite life times, so they do not exist in natural nuclei or
matters. Implanting these particles into nuclei/matters, exotic phenomena in varieties of objects can bestudied from a new point of view.
Kaon is a second lightest meson which has strange-quark as a constituent quark. It is expected that if one
embed a kaon into nuclei, the sizes of the nuclei become smaller and forms a high density object beyond thenormal nuclear density. Study of this object could lead better understanding of the origin of the mass of thematter, and may reveal the quark degree of freedom beyond the quark-conﬁnement. Those properties can bestudied by precise heavy pionic atom research in different angle. The other example is the weak interaction
in nuclear matter. It can only be studied by the weak decay of hypernuclei, which have Lambda particle in
the nuclei,
Muon provides even wider variety of study from nuclear reaction to magnetism in matter. For instance,
stopping positively charged muon in a material, we obtain information on the magnetic properties or the local
ﬁeld at the trapped site. Injecting negatively charged muon to mixture of deuterium and tritium, muon attracts
surrounding atoms and is known to cause d-t fusions.
As is already clear, in our research we introduce different kind of impurities into nuclei/matters, and study
new states of matter, new phenomena, or the object properties.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Study of meson property and interaction in nuclei(2) Origin of matter mass / quark degree of freedom in nuclei.
(3) Condensed matter and material studies with muon(4) Nuclear physics via muon catalyzed fusion and muonic atoms
3. Summary of Research Activity
Hadron physics at J-PARC and RIKEN-RIBF
Kaon and pion will shed a new insight to the nuclear physics. The recent discovery of deeply bound pionic
atom enables us to investigate the properties of mesons in nuclear matter. At RIKEN-RIBF, we are preparing
precise experimental study of the pionic atom. We are intensively preparing another next generation kaon
experiments (E15 and E17) at J-PARC as day-one experiments. In these experiments, we are aiming at
precise determination of the KN interaction, and clarify the nature of kaon in nuclei. By these experiments,
we aim to be a world-leading scientiﬁc research group using these light meta-stable particles.
1) Deeply bound kaonic nuclei
We have performed a high precision and small ambiguity spectroscopy on the K-ppn system, strange
tribaryon -S°(3115)-, at KEK (High energy accelerator research organization). We measured the momenta of
protons emitted in the reaction between negatively charged K mesons and helium nuclei. Compared to theprevious experiment, the mass resolution was improved by a factor of 2 and the statistical accuracy by afactor of about 10. We have newly installed detectors exclusively used for the measurement of the protons
and realized small-ambiguity experiment. As a result, no structure was observed, in the spectrum, associatedto the strange tribaryon with the natural width of 20 MeV/c 2, and the result was contradictory to the previous
experiment. Statistical evaluation tells that the previous results are rejected by 99% conﬁdence level. The
experiment also tells us that the difficulty of the bound state search using at rest reaction, in which nonmesonic two-nucleon absorption reactions produce huge energetic nucleon background in the energy regionof interest. This two-nucleon absorption process also caused the absorption width of he kaonic bound state.
Thus we proceed the search of the state in the simplest system K-pp at the kaon incident momentum of 1
- 362 -

GeV/c as a day-one experiment at J-PARC.
2) Deeply bound pionic and eta- nuclei
We made a spectroscopy experiment to measure deeply bound pionic states in several tin isotopes at the
GSI, Germany, to investigate the pion-nucleus strong interaction. The results provided information on the
iso-vector part of the strong interaction between pion and nucleus. More advanced discussion leads to theorigin of the mass of matter, which is attributed to the quark condensation in the vacuum. Presently we havebeen working on preparation for the experimental study of pionic atoms at RIKEN-RIBF.
3) Precision X-ray measurement of kaonic atom
Simultaneously with the above experiment (1), we have performed an X-ray spectroscopy of atomic 3d →2p transition of negatively charged K mesons captured by helium atoms. Many Kaonic atoms are known to
be measured with various elements, however, there are very large deviations in the measured energy levels
for the helium (and the oxygen) from the systematic expectations. The deviation originates in technical issues
in old experiments, and new and high precision data have been long awaited for. Also, wave functions of theKaonic atoms are expected to reﬂect the information on the existence of the inner structure, namely deeply
bound Kaonic states. As a result of the experiment, we have succeeded in performing the spectroscopy andachieved the shift of 2+-2(stat.) +-2(syst.) eV. The obtained results reject older data beyond any doubt, andthe above deviation is dissolved. Presently, aiming at the determination of the level width and yield, we are
analyzing the data. To clarify the KN interaction strength, we are preparing another x-ray measurement of the
kaonic helium-3 atom, which is another day-one experiment at J-PARC.
Muon science at RIKEN-RAL branch
The research area ranges over particle physics to condensed matter studies and life science. Our core
activities are based on the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility located at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (UK),which provides the most intense pulsed muon beam. We have variety of important research activities such as
muon-catalyzed fusion (mCF) and condensed matter physics by muon spin rotation / relaxation / resonance(mSR).
(A) Condensed matter/materials studies with mSR
A major upgrade work for mSR facility is being carried out at RIKEN-RAL muon facility reflecting
growing number of collaborations with other universities and research institutes in this ﬁeld. A pulsed laser
system, which consists of a Nd:YAG laser and an OPO laser, was installed under collaboration between the
University of Yamanashi, KEK, and RIKEN. The laser system is now used for the mSR to study effects
induced by intense photon ﬁeld, such as spin polarization of conduction electrons in semiconductors. A newmSR spectrometer, which will enable us to study a sample under multiple-extreme condition, was built and isabout to be installed in the beam area.
There are three topics of material sciences studied by the muon-spin relaxation method at the RIKEN-RAL
Muon facility in 2008.
1) The dynamics of the charge transfer in an ion mixed-valence complex, (n -C3H7)4N[FeIIFeIII (dto)3](dto=C2O2S2), has been investigated. The oscillation of an electron with slow frequency of the order of kHz
in between two iron sites has been ﬁrstly observed and quantitative value of the frequency has been achieved.
2) The dynamics of the internal ﬁeld at the muon site in the high-Tc superconducting oxide, La2-xSrxCuO4,
has been investigated by precise mSR measurements. A change of the dynamics of the internal ﬁeld at higher
temperature than the superconducting and magnetic transition temperatures has been observed. A modelrelationship with a spin-gap state which is important to describe the superconducting gap of high-Tc oxides
has been suggested.
3) A co-existing relationship between a magnetically ordered state and the superconducting state in a newly
found Fe-based superconducting oxide has been clarified. An important role of the magnetism for thesuperconductivity has been suggested.
(B) Nuclear physics studies with muons, such as muon catalyzed fusion and muonic atoms
1) Muon catalyzed fusion (mCF)- 363 -

We are studying the muon catalyzed fusion (mCF) processes in a wide range of hydrogen target conditions
such as isotope mixtures and temperatures. This year we designed a test high pressure target, which will
enable us to keep D2 target in solid state up to 30 K, thus we will be able to study mCF in high density andhigh temperature solid target, where the mCF is expected to occur much faster than in liquid.
2) Development towards muonic atom formation with unstable nuclei
Stopping negative muons in the solid hydrogen with implanted unstable atoms, muons transfer efﬁciently
to the implanted nuclei from muonic hydrogen to form the muonic atoms. By observing muonic X-rays at
muonic atom formations, fundamental experiments on the nuclear charge density distribution are in progress.
Using the newly installed surface ionization ion source, we carried out successfully the experiment tomeasure isotope energy shifts of muonic X-rays originated from muonic 86Sr, 88Sr, 88Sr, 138Ba, 148Sm and 152Sm
atoms.
3) Generation of ultra slow positive muon beam
Low energy muon beam, whose kinetic energy is variable from a few keV to a few tens of keV, will extend
the scope of mSR technique from a bulk material to surfaces and multi-layered materials. It is also expectedthat a very sharp beam of low energy muon may enable a new way of precision measurement of muon's
anomalous gyro-magnetic ratio (g-2). Following the successful generation of slow muon beam by laser
ionization of thermally emitted muonium in vacuum, we plan to increase the slow muon beam intensity bymore than 100 times. For this purpose, we have started upgrading works on the slow muon beam such as a
new intense laser system, more efﬁcient muonium production targets, and new control system of the slow
muon beam line.

Head
Masahiko IWASAKIMembers
Katsuhiko ISHIDA
Kenta ITAHASHI
Yoshio KOBAYASHI
Teiichiro MATSUZAKI
Hiroaki ONISHI
Haruhiko OUTA
Isao WATANABE
Special Postdoctoral Researchers
Masami IIO
Kazuki OHISHI
Fuminori SAKUMA
Foreign Postdoctoral Researcher
Risdiana
Special Contract Researchers
Masaharu SATO
Kyo TSUKADA
Contract Researchers
Yasuyuki ISHII
Takayuki KAWAMATA
Takahisa KOIKE- 364 -

Katsuya MIZUNO
Takao SUZUKI
Dai TOMONO
Visiting Scientists
Tadashi ADACHI (Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku Univ.)
Yoshitami AJIRO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Jun AKIMITSU (Coll. Sci. Eng., Aoyama Gakuin Univ.)
Shingo ARAKI (Grad. Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Kunio AWAGA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Nagoya Univ.)
George BEER (Univ. of Victoria, Canada)HyoungChan BHANG (Seoul National Univ., Korea)
N. Ludmila BOGDANOVA (ITEP, Russia)
Prasad Tara DAS (SUNY, USA)
Truong DUAN (Grad. Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Yasuaki EINAGA (Fac. Sci & Tech., Keio. Univ.)
Masaya ENOMOTO (Grad. Sch. Arts and Sci., Univ of Tokyo)
Mark FAYFMAN (Kurchatov Institute, Russia)
Yutaka FUJII (Fac. Eng., Fukui Univ.)
Hiroyuki FUJIOKA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Masaki FUJITA (IMR, Tohoku Univ.)
Hideto FUKAZAWA (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Tech., Chiba Univ.)
Takayuki GOTO (Fac. Sci. & Tech., Sophia Univ.)
Makoto HAGIWARA (Fac. Eng. Design, Kyoto Inst. Technol.)Kazuo HAYAKAWA (Fac of Sci. & Tech., Shizuoka Inst. Sci. & Tech.)
Ryugo, S. HAYANO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ.of Tokyo)
Wataru HIGEMOTO (Advanced Sci. Res. Center, JAEA)
Masahiro HIRANO (JST)
Kazuto HIRATA (NIMS)
Satoru HIRENZAKI (Fac. Sci., Nara Women's Univ.)
Masahiko HIROI (Fac. Sci., Kagoshima Univ.)
Susumu IKEDA (KEK)
Yutaka IKEDO (Toyota Central R&D Labs.)
Takayuki ISHIDA (Fac. Elect. Commu., Univ. Elect. Commu.)
Fumihiro ISHIKAWA (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Tech., Niigata Univ.)
Shigeru ISHIMOTO (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Tomoichi ISHIWATARI (SMI, Austria)
Ryosuke KADONO (KEK)
Yoichi KAMIHARA (JST)Toshiji KANAYA (Inst. For Chem. Research, Kyoto Univ.)
Motomi KATADA (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Tokyo Met. Univ.)
Mineo KATO (JAEA)
Naritoshi KAWAMURA (KEK)
Seiko KAWAMURA (JAEA)
Hikomitsu KIKUCHI (Grad. Sch. Eng., Univ. of Fukii)
Jungho KIM (Seoul National Univ., Korea)
Yasushi KINO (Fac. Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Akihiro KODA (KEK)- 365 -

Yoh KOHORI (Fac. Sci., Chiba Univ.)
Yoji KOIKE (Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku Univ.)
Norimichi KOJIMA (Grad. Sch. Arts and Sci., Univ of Tokyo)
Kenya KUBO (Coll. Liberal Arts, ICU)
Yoshitaka KUNO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Takuya KURAHASHI (IMS)
Chow LEE (UCF, USA)
Shunsuke MAKIMURA (KEK)
Goro MARUTA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Hokkaido Univ.)
Satoru MATSUISHI (FCRC, Tokyo Tech.)
Yasuhiro MIYAKE (KEK)
Hitoshi MIYASAKA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Jun MIYAZAKI (Fac. Sci. Div., Nihon Univ.)
Soichiro MIZUSAKI (Coll.Sci. & Eng., Aoyama Gakuin Univ.)
Tomoyuki MOCHIDA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Kobe Univ.)
Kazuhiko MUKAI (Toyota Central R&D Labs.)
Yujiro NAGATA (Coll. Sci. Eng., Aoyama Gakuin Univ.)
Hiroyuki NAKAMURA (Grad. Sch. Eng., Univ. of Tokyo)
Jin NAKAMURA (Fac. Elect. Commu., Univ. Elect. Commu.)
Kazutaka NAKAHARA (KEK)
Satoshi NAKAMURA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Takashi NAKAMURA (Tokyo Inst. of Tech., Particle-, Nuclear-, and Astro-Phys.)
Takayoshi NAKAMURA (RIES, Hokkaido Univ.)
Takehito NAKANO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Saburou NASU (Grad, Sch. Eng. & Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Kazuhiko NINOMIYA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Nobuhiko NISHIDA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Tech.)
Yoichi NISHIWAKI (Sch. Medi., TWMU)
Kusuo NISHIYAMA (KEK)
Hiroshi NOZAKI (Toyota Central R&D Labs.)
Yasuo NOZUE (Grad. Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Agung NUGROHO (ITB, Indonesia)
Masaaki OHBA (Grad. Sch. Eng., Kyoto Univ.)
Yoshitaka OHKUBO (KURRI, Kyoto Univ.)
Susumu OHYA (Fac. Sci., Niigata Univ.)
Shinji OKADA (INF, Italy)
Akira OSAWA (Fac. Sci. & Tech., Sophia Univ.)
Vassili PEREVOZCHIKO (VNIEF, Russia)
Leonid PONOMAREV (Kurchatov Institute, Russia)
Francis PRATT (RAL, UK)
Roland KAWAKAMI (UC Riverside, USA)
Shin-ichi SAKAMOTO (JAEA)
Kazuhiko SATO (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Ralph SCHEICHER (MY, USA)
Ryoichi SEKI (California State Univ. , Northridge, USA)
Kouichiro SHIMOMURA (KEK)
Ichiro SHIRAKI (Grad. Sch. Medi. & Eng. Sci., Univ. of Yamanashi)
Vyacheslas STORCHAK (VNIIEF, Russia)- 366 -

Patrick STRASSER (KEK)
Hiroyuki SUGAI (JAEA)
Jun SUGIYAMA (Toyota Central R&D Labs.)
Haruhiko SUZUKI (Grad. Sch. Nat. Sic. & Tech., Kanazawa Univ.)
Hiroyuki SUZUKI (NIMS)
Soh SUZUKI (KEK)
Takatoshi SUZUKI (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ.of Tokyo)
Yoshikazu TABATA (Grad, Sch. Eng. & Sci., Kyoto Univ.)
Shigeru TAKAGI (Grad, Sch. Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Kazuyuki TAKAI (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Tokyo Tech.)
Keiji TAKEDA (ISSP, Univ. of Tokyo)
Soshi TAKESHITA (KEK)
Hiroyuki TAKEYA (NIMS)
Manobu TANAKA (Inst. of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK)
Akihiro TANIGUCHI (KURRI, Kyoto Univ.)
Takashi TANIGUCHI (Coll.Sci. & Eng., Aoyama Gakuin Univ.)
Harry TOM (UC Riverside, USA)
Eiko TORIKAI (Grad. Sch. Medi. & Eng. Sci., Univ. of Yamanashi)
Akihisa TOYODA (KEK)
Satoshi TSUTSUI (JASRI)
Kazuo UEDA (ISSP, Univ. of Tokyo)
Yun XUE (Grad. Sch. Nat. Sic. & Tech., Kanazawa Univ.)
Eiichi YAGI (Fac. Sci. & Eng., Waseda Univ.)
Kazuyoshi YAMADA (IMR, Tohoku Univ.)
Yasuhiro YAMADA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Yutaka YOSHIDA (Fac of Sci. & Tech., Shizuoka Inst. Sci. & Tech.)
Arkady YUKHINCHUK (VNIIEF, Russia)
Johann ZMESKAL (SMI, Austria)
Research Consultants
Yoshinori AKAISHI
Masayasu KAMIMURA
Atsuko ITOStudents
Junior Reserch Associates
Satoshi ITOH (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Toshihiko HIRAIWA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
InternYuya FUJIWARA (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Tokyo Tech.)Student Trainees
Mika DOIZOE (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Shun Enomoto (Grad, Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Yuta HASAGAWA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Masatoshi HIRAISHI (Sch. High Enegy Acce. Sci.,Sokendai)
Toru HISAMATSU (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Tokyo Tech.)
Naho IINUMA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Tomohiro KAMIMURA (Grad. Sch.Sci. & Eng., Shizuoka Inst. Sci. & Tech.)- 367 -

Tomohiro KANIMURA (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Shizuoka Inst. Sci. & Tech.)
Naoki KASE (Grad. Sch. Sci.& Eng., Aoyama Gakuin Univ.)
Yu KAWAHARA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Noriyuki KIDA (Grad. Sch. Arts and Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Naoyuki KONNO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Katsuhiro KOUNO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Yoko MANABE (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Masanori MIYAZAKI (Sch. Phys. Sci.,Sokendai)
Yoshifumi NAGASAKI (Grad. Sch. Fac. Sci., Kanazawa Univ.)
Reiko NAKAGAKI
Mufti NANDANG (Nat. Sci., Univ. of Groningen, Indonesia)
Masaru OYAMA (Grad. Sch. Sci.,Toho Univ.)
ROGER PINK (SUNY at Albany, USA)
Ryuichi SUEHIRO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Tomonori TAKAHASHI (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Yoichi TANABE (Grad. Sch. Eng., Tohoku Univ.)
Masamitsu TANAKA (Grad. Sch. Medi. & Eng. Sci., Univ. of Yamanashi)
Arisa TANIGUCHI (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Saitama Univ.)
Hideyuki TATSUNO (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Makoto TOKUDA (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Tokyo Tech.)
Maai UCHIKAWA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Shin UEGAKI (Grad. Sch. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Fumiko YAMADA (Grad. Sch. Sci. & Eng., Tokyo Tech.)Heejoong YIM (Seoul National Univ., Korea)
Hiromi YOSHIDA (Grad. Sch. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Secretaries
Yoko FUJITA
Kumiko INAGAKI- 368 -

Sub Nuclear System Research Division
Theoretical Physics Laboratory
1. Abstract
The aim of this laboratory is to reveal the laws of nature ranging from elementary particles to the universe.
More precisely, the following three issues are pursued with their mutual relations emphasized: (1)Understanding the microscopic fundamental law of nature. In particular, trying to give a consistent deﬁnitionof superstring and derive all the fundamental laws from one principle. (2) Understanding many-bodysystems. Both of the following two aspects are considered. One is the universal laws such as thermodynamics
and the universality of spin systems, and the other is specific properties of individual systems such as
hadrons, condensed matter, and the universe. (3) Computational science. Besides numerical analyses as animportant tool for the above mentioned (1) and (2), aspects of fundamental mathematics are also pursued.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Constructive Deﬁnition of String Theory as Fundamental law of Physics(2) Fundamental aspects of Quantum Field Theory and its applications(3) High precision inspection of experimental and observational data
3. Summary of Research Activity
The ability to understand nature at its most profound level is a basic human desire. Science is founded on
accumulated and tremendous efforts driven by that aspiration. The objective of our laboratory is to participate
in the endeavor to better understand nature by adding our contributions to theoretical physics. The present
seems to be a particularly exciting time for this as many developments appear to be about to converge andallow formation of the ultimate theory of everything.
We organize our research activities into three segments: the pursuit of the microscopic fundamental laws ofphysics, the study of many-body systems, and the science and technology of computation. These three
aspects have an inseparable interrelation and are investigated in an integrated manner throughout the research
conducted within this laboratory.
(1) Understanding the fundamental law of nature through string theory.
1) Non-perturbative effect for non-critical string
The analysis of the nonperturbative effect in the c=0 noncritical string theory deﬁned by the one-matrix
model is extended to the case of two-matrix models which provide nonperturbative definitions of c<1
noncritical string theories. Then, universality of nonperturbative effects including their coefficients in a
generic c<1 noncritical string theory is achieved in the sense that they are independent of details of potentialsof the two-matrix models.
2) Matrix models and curved space-time
Incorporating curved space time into matrix models is pursued. In particular, a method in which larger
additional degrees of freedom is introduced to represent space-time symmetry, is proposed.
3) Domain Wall in string theory
We investigate a global structure of the moduli space of the BPS domain wall system. I particular, we areinterested in the case where the dimensions of the moduli space is greater than those expected from the index
theorem. We also study the T-duality between the vortices and domain walls from a string theoretical point ofview. We explicitly construct a vortex solution in the Higgs phase of supersymmetric gauge theory and ﬁnd
an exact correspondence between the solution and D-brane conﬁguration in the domain wall side.
4) Non BPS branes and supergravity
We investigate the correspondences between a class of classical solutions of Type II supergravity (thethree-parameter solution) and D-branes in the superstring theory. In addition to the mass, the RR-charge, thesolution also carries the so-called dilaton charge, whose physical meaning was unclear. We find that the- 369 -

appearance of the dilaton charge is a consequence of deformations of the boundary condition from that of theboundary state for BPS D-branes. We also show that such deformed boundary states are realized as tachyonic
and/or massive excitations of the open strings on D-brane systems.
5) D-branes and instantons
We have investigated instantons of four-dimensional SUSY gauge theory from the view point ofsuperstring theory. A general prescription to construct the instanton solutions is known as the ADHM
(Atiyah-Drinfeld-Hitchin-Manin) construction. In terms of superstring theory, instanton is understood as abound state of D3-branes and D (-1) -branes. We consider a system of D3-branes and anti-D3-branes toconstruct the bound state via a tachyon condensation. As a result, we found that the tachyon proﬁle contains
all information on the instanton and the ADHM construction can be understood as an outcome of the gauge
equivalence of this system in the low energy limit. We also applied the same method to eight-dimensional
gauge theory and showed that some solitonic solution of the eight-dimensional theory can be constructed bythis method.
6) Application of string theory to cosmology
Cosmological scenarios alternative to inﬂation motivated by string theories are known. In cyclic scenario,or ekpyrotic scenario, the universe is considered as branes sitting in higher dimensional space time. The
universe is assumed to start out from a static Minkowskian space-time and experience the big-bang as thecollision of pair of branes (bounce). From the observational point of view, it is of importance to study thetime evolution of cosmological ﬂuctuation through the time of big bang. We studied the problem from thepoint of view of local causality through the bounce. Assuming the local causality condition, we derived themost general matching condition for the fluctuation between before and after the bounce. Especially, we
found it is impossible to generate scale invariant spectrum without introducing non-local causality throughout
the bounce. This work made clear the physical problem to obtain the scale invariant spectrum in the bouncing
cosmology. We have also studied a toy model inspired by a low-energy effective action of non-commutativeﬁeld theory and estimated the range of parameters to obtain scale invariant spectrum.
Another subject pursued was the possibility of obtaining inﬂation due to the modiﬁcation of the dispersion
relation. When non-equilibrium dynamics is taken into account, we observed that the inﬂation can be easily
realized when the energy is a decreasing function of the momentum in high-energy regime. This result
provides alternative way of realizing inﬂation in the framework of uniﬁed theory.
7) Application of string theory to Nuclear physics
Holographic QCD, which is the application of the AdS/CFT correspondence to QCD, turns out to be a very
fruitful arena of research in string theory. Using holographic QCD technique, various quantities which are
difficult to calculate by perturbative QCD, lattice QCD and conventional nuclear physics approach areinvestigated. For example, the decay rate of f0(1500) is calculated suggesting its connection to much sought
glueballs.
(2) Quantum ﬁeld theory and physics of many body systems
1) Lattice formulation of supersymmetric gauge theory
We proposed a lattice formulation of low dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories, aiming at practicalimplementation for numerical simulations.
2) Lattice formulation of fermions coupled to gravity
We formulated lattice Dirac operator of the overlap-type that describes the propagation of a Dirac fermion
in a gravitational ﬁeld. We also analyzed global gauge anomalies associated with Majorana fermions in 8k
and 8k+1 dimensions.
3) Mathematical aspects of 2-dimensional gauge theories and string.
We investigate a non-perturbative correction to the N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory from thediscrete matrix model point of view. We utilize the D-brane picture in superstring theory and localization
theorem in order to derive the discrete matrix model from 2-dimensional Yang-Mills theory on a compact
2-cycles in the ALE space. We also ﬁnd the relationship to the Dijkgraaf-Vafa theory in the continuum limit.
- 370 -

4) Logarithmic Confromal Field Theory
The following topics are investigated: Free field representation for LCFT with boundary; The relation
between Minimal String theory and LCFT; The relation between statistical models and LCFT.
5) Quantum ﬁeld theory over the deformed commutation relation
A quantum theory of free scalar ﬁeld based on the deformed Heisenberg algebra which is the correction ofstringy physics is constructed.
6) Chern Simons Yang Mills Model
We have studied the Chern Simons Yang Mills Model. Non-commutative gauge theories on fuzzy spheres
were obtained in such models. Fuzzy spheres look like dbrane configuration. k coincident fuzzy spheres
generates the U (k) gauge group. In this direction, we are continuing effort to address some of the related
issues.
(3) High precision calculation of ﬁeld theory and computational science
1) High precision calculation of QED
We have announced the final result of our calculation of the electron anomalous magnetic moment. It
contains up to the eighth-order of the perturbation theory of QED. The very reliable result was obtained byusing high precision calculation on RIKEN's supercomputer system (RSCC).
We also succeeded in automating the calculation of the tenth-order of the perturbation theory, particularly
in constructing the ultra-violet subtraction terms. This is an important step to accelerate our calculation of theentire tenth-order contribution.
The dominant contribution from the tenth order to the muon anomalous magnetic moment was alsoannounced by us. In contrast to the electron, some specific Feynman diagrams give rise to the large
contributions to the muon anomaly. We explicitly evaluated about 2000 Feynman diagrams which arepossible to give the leading and next-to-leading contributions.
2) Improved perturbation method and its applications
We apply improved perturbation method which is one of the variational schemes to Ising model in twodimensions. It enables us to evaluate free energy and magnetization at strong coupling regions from weakcoupling expansion even in the presence of the phase transition.
We determine approximated transition point in this scheme. In the presence of external magnetic ﬁeld we
can see not only stable physical states but metastable one. This reserach motivated by availability of thismethod to IIB matrix model which is expected to show a phase transition from 10-dimensional universe to
4-dimensional universe.
Head
Hikaru KAWAI
Members
Hiroshi SUZUKI
Koji HASHIMOTO
Tsukasa TADA
Postdoctoral Researchers
Issaku KANAMORI
Isao KISHIMOTO
Daisuke KADOH
Ta-sheng TAI
Koichi MURAKAMI
Yutaka SAKAMURA
Yutaka BABA
- 371 -

Yuuichirou SHIBUSA
Contract Researchers
Makiko MATSUKAWA
Visiting Scientists
Hajime AOKI (Fac. of Sci. and Eng., Saga Univ.)
Jiro ARAFUNE (National Inst. for Academic Degrees and Univ. Evaluation)
Zyun F. EZAWA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Kazuo FUJIKAWA (College of Sci. and Tech., Nihon Univ.)
Amihay HANANY (Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., USA)
Masashi HAYAKAWA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Nagoya Univ.)
Takeo INAMI (Fac. of Sci. and Eng., Chuo Univ.)
Nobuyuki ISHIBASI (Grad. Sch. of Pure and Applied Sci., Univ. of Tsukuba,)
Satoshi ISO (High Energy Accelerator Res. Organization)
Hiroshi ITOYAMA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Osaka City Univ.)
Toichiro KINOSHITA (Cornell Univ., USA)
Yoshihisa KITAZAWA (High Energy Accelerator Res. Organization)
Ivan KOSTOV (Service de Physique Theoreique, CNRS, FRANCE)
Jnanadeva MAHARANA (Inst. of Phys., INDIA)
Jun NISHIMURA (High Energy Accelerator Res. Organization)
Fumihiko SUGINO (Okayama Inst. for Quantum Phys.)Asato TSUCHIYA (Grad. Sch. of Sci., Osaka Univ.)
Tatsumi AOYAMA (KEK)
Shoichi MIDORIKAWA (Aomori Univ.)
Masanori HANADA (Weizmann Inst.)
Research Consultants
Keiji IGI
Hironari MIYAZAWA
Yoshio YAMAGUCHI
Masao NINOMIYA
Junior Research Associate
Secretariy
Yumi KURAMITSU
Yoko SAGIYA- 372 -

Sub Nuclear System Research Division
Strangeness nuclear physics Laboratory
1. Abstract
We proposed accurate few-body calculational method called "Infinitesimally shifted Gaussian lobe
method". Recently, we developed this method to four-body systems and ﬁve-body systems. This method isapplicable for various three-and four-body systems. For example, we applied it to hypernuclear physics andclarified what is important and impressed. In fact, we applied this method to three kinds of hypernuclear
experiments (KEK-E419, BNL-E930, and -E929) in the past, and we contributed to these experiments bydiscussing with experimentalists, analyzing the data, and interpreting the data.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Hypernuclear structure from the view point of few-body problem(2) Structure of exotic hadron system(3) Baryon-baryon interaction based on lattice QCD
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Detailed structure calculations in 12BeΞ, 5HΞ, 9LiΞ, 7HΞ and 10LiΞ are performed within the framework of
the microscopic two-and three-and four-body cluster models using Gaissian Expansion method. 7HΞ and10LiΞ are predicted to have bound stats. Then, we propose to observe the bound states in future (K-, K+)
experiments using 7Li and 10B target after Day-1 experiment at J-PARC facility.
(2) The potential between proton and Ξ are obtained using quenched lattice QCD simulation. As a result, wefound that the central pΞ0 potential has a strong (weak) repulsive core in the 1S0 (3S1) channel forr<0.6fm.
Head
Emiko HIYAMA
Contract Researchers
Hidekatsu NEMURA
Atsushi UMEYA
Visiting Scientists
Yasuo YAMAMOTO (Tsuru University)
Taiichi YAMADA (Kanto Gakuin University)
Tetsuo HYODO (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Makoto OKA (Tokyo Institute of Technology)
Tomokazu FUKUDA (Osaka Electro-Communication University)
Daisuke JIDO (YITP, Kyoto University)
Student Trainees
Henrik STEGEBY (Uppsala University, Sweden)
Jafar ESMAILI (Isfahan University of Technology, Iran)
Hitomi NODA (Nara Women's University)
Kaori HORII (RCNP, Osaka University)
Kei MIZUNO (Nara Women's University)
Secretary
Makiko OHISHI- 373 -

Accelerator Applications Research Division
Accelerator Applications Research Group
Radiation Biology Team
1. Abstract
Radiation biology team studies various biological effects of fast heavy ions. It also develops new techniqueto breed plants by heavy-ion irradiations. Fast heavy ions can produce dense and localized ionizations inmatters along their tracks, in contrast to photons (X rays and gamma rays) which produce randomly
distributed isolated ionizations. These localized and dense ionization can cause double-strand breaks of DNA
in cells which are not easily repaired and result in mutation more effectively than single-strand breaks. A
unique feature of our experimental facility at the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC) is that we can irradiate
living bodies in atmosphere or in bottles since the delivered heavy-ion beams have energies high enough topenetrate deep in matter. This team utilizes a dedicated beam line (E5B) of the RRC to irradiate cultivatedcells, plants and animals with beams ranging from carbon to iron. Its research subjects cover physiologicalstudy of DNA repair, genome analyses of mutation, and development of mutation breeding of plants byheavy-ion irradiation. Some new cultivars have already been brought to the market.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Study on the biological effects by heavy-ion irradiation(2) Studies on ion-beam breeding and genome analysis(3) New medical application of heavy-ion beams
3. Summary of Research Activity
We study biological effects of fast heavy ions from the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron using 135 MeV/N C, N, Ne
ions, 95 MeV/N Ar ions and 90 MeV/N Fe ions. We also develop breeding technology of plants. Mainsubjects are:(1) Study and application of heavy-ion induced plant mutation
In contrast to X rays and gamma rays, fast heavy ions are found to be useful for plant breeding since they
only cause localized damage on DNA and can induce mutations more effectively with lower dosage. Our
team utilizes beams of fast heavy ions from the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron to develop heavy-ion breeding
techniques. Genome analyses are performed to reveal the relation between genotype and phenotype.
(2) Study of heavy ion-induced damage of DNA and its repair processes
We study the double-strand break of DNA induced by heavy-ion irradiation and its repair processes. DNA
double strand break (DSB) is characteristic to heavy-ion irradiation and considered to be the characteristic
lesion responsible for its biological effects. Cells have two pathways to repair DSB, non-homologous endjoining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR), and it is unknown how the two pathways are involved
in repairing the damage caused by heavy-ion irradiation. To elucidate it, we irradiate higher vertebrate cells
lacking DNA repair proteins with C, Ar, or Fe ions and analyze them with colony formation assay andmolecular biology methods.
Team Leader
Tomoko ABE
Members
Hiroyuki ICHIDA
Masako IZUMIYusuke KAZAMA- 374 -

Hinako TAKEHISA
Teruyo TSUKADA
Part-time Staff I
Hideo TOKAIRIN
Technical Staff I
Yoriko HAYASHITechnical Staff II
Sumie OHBU
Visiting Scientists
Ryutaro AIDA (Natl. Inst. Floricult. Sci.)
Mari AMINO (Tokai University Hospital)
Chang-Hyu BAE (Sunchon Natl. Univ., Korea)
Yasuhiro CHIMI (JAEA)
Hiroyuki DAIMON (Osaka Pref. Univ.)
Makoto FUJIWARA (Grad. Sch., Col. Arts Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Eitaro FUKATSU (Forest tree beeding Cet.)
Koji FURUKAWA (Mukoyama Orchids Co., Ltd.)
Yoshiya FURUSAWA (Natl. Inst. Radiol. Sci.)
Toshinari GODO (Botanic Gardens Toyama)
Misako HAMATANI (Hiroshima City Agric. Forest. Promot. Cen.)
Yasuhide HARA (Kanagawa Inst. Agric. Sci.)
Masanori HATASHITA (Wakasa Wan Energy Res. Cen.)
Atsushi HIGASHITANI (Grad. Sch. Life Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Ryoichi HIRAYAMA (Natl. Inst. Radiol. Sci.)
Akiko HOKURA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Ichiro HONDA (Natl. Agric. Res. Cen.)
Mitsugu HORITA (Hokuren Agri. Res. Inst.)
Yuji ITO (Natl. Agric. Res. Cen., Hokkaido Region)
Akihiro IWASE (Grad. Sch. Engin., Osaka Pref. Univ.)
Hiroshi KAGAMI (Shizuoka Citrus Exp. Station)
Kensuke KAGEYAMA (Fac. Engin., Saitama Univ.)
Takeshi KANAYA (Suntory Flowers, Ltd.)Si-Yong KANG (Dep. Rad. Plant Breed. Genet., KAERI, Korea)
Tomojirou KOIDE (Riken Vitamin Co., Ltd.)
Tsutomu KUBOYAMA (Ibaraki Univ.)
Yutaka MIYAZAWA (Grad. Sch. Life Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Kazumitsu MIYOSHI (Fac. Bioresour. Sci., Akita Pref. Univ.)
Toshikazu MORISHITA (Inst. Rad. Breeding, Natl. Inst. Agric. Res.)
Koji MURAI (Fukui Pref. Univ.)
Daisuke NAKADA (Ela Medical Japan Co. Ltd.)
Ishikawa NORITO (JAEA)
Mio OHNUMA (Inst. Mol. Cell. Biosci., Univ. Tokyo)
Norihiro OHTSUBO (Natl. Inst. Floricult. Sci.)
Fumihisa ONO (Grad. Sch. Natural Sci. & Tech., Okayama Univ.)
Tomo OOMIYA (Hokkaido Ornamental Plants Veg. Res. Cen.)- 375 -

Kenji OSAWA (Nagano Agric. Res. Cen.)
Kouichi SAKAMOTO (YUKIGUNI AGURI Co., Ltd.)
Tadashi SATO (Grad. Sch. Life Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Hiroaki SERIZAWA (Nagano Veg. Ornamental Crops Exp. Station)
Takiko SHIMADA (Res. Inst. Agric. Resour., Ishikawa Agric. Coll.)
Fumio SUGAWARA (Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Masao SUGIYAMA (Hokko Chem. Ind. Co., Ltd.)
Keita SUGIYAMA (Nat. Inst. Veg. Tea Sci.)
Kazunori SUZUKI (Plant Biotech. Inst. Ibaraki Agric. Cen.)
Masao SUZUKI (Natl. Inst. Radiol. Sci.)
Kenichi SUZUKI (Suntory Flowers, Ltd.)
Teruhiko TERAKAWA (Hokko Chem. Ind. Co., Ltd.)Ken TOKUHARA (Dogashima Orchid Cen.)
Masanori TOMITA (CRIEPI)
Hisashi TSUJIMOTO (Fac. Agri., Tottori Univ.)
Kozo TSUKADA (Nippon Veterinary and Life Sci. Univ.)
Masao WATANABE (Fac. Agri., Tohoku Univ.)
Takuji YOSHIDA (Takii Seed Co., Ltd.)
Koichiro YOSHIOKA (Tokai University Hospital)
Research Fellows
Hideki ASAUMI (Ehime Agricultural Experiment Station)
Eikou OOYABU (Saga Pref. Agr. Res. Cen.)
Takenori SAITO (Shizuoka Tea Exp. Station)
Tsukasa SHIRAO (Kagoshima Biotechnology Inst.)
Kei-ichiro UENO (Kagoshima Biotechnology Inst.)
Fumiko HIDAKA (Kagoshima Pref. Inst. for Agric. Dev.)
Masataka CHAYA (Nagasaki Agr. Forest. Exp. Station)
Naotugu WAKITA (Wadomari Cho Agr. Exp. Station)
Kyousuke NIWA (Hyogo Pref. Res. Inst.)
Keiichi TAKAGI (Wakasa-wan Energy Research Center)
Consultant
Hiroyuki SAITO
Students
Junior Research Associate
Kiyoshi NISHIHARA (Grad. Sch. Frontier Sci., Univ. of Tokyo)
Student trainees
Naoki FUKUDA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Takayuki INOUE (Dept. Phys. Rikkyo Univ.)
Teruhiko KASHIWABARA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Nobuhiro MAEDA (Grad. Sch. Eng., Osaka Pref. Univ.)
Yoshitaka MATSUMOTO (Grad. Sch. Medicine & Sch., Chiba Univ.)
Sakiko MITSUO (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Kazuhiro SASAKI (Grad. Sch. Life Sci., Tohoku Univ.)
Saori TAKADA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Yuji YOSHII (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)
Wakiko YAMAOKA (Fac. Sci., Tokyo Univ. of Sci.)- 376 -

Accelerator Applications Research Division
Accelerator Applications Research GroupRI Applications Team
1. Abstract
RI Applications Team performs following researches at the heavy ion accelerators of RIBF: (1) With
proton from the RIKEN AVF Cyclotron, we produce radioisotopes for research of chemistry, biology,
medicine, pharmaceutical and environmental sciences. The nuclides Zn-65 and Cd-109 are delivered to Japan
Radioisotope Association for charged distribution to the general public in Japan. We also study the
production and application of short-lived RI's. (2) We develop new technologies of mass spectrometry for the
trace-element analyses using accelerator technology and apply them to the scientiﬁc research ﬁelds, such ascosmochemistry, environmental science, archaeology and so on.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Production of radioisotopes Zn-65 and Cd-109 for charged distribution,(2) Research and development for new RI production at AVF cyclotron,(3) The development of trace element analysis, using the accelerator techniques, and its application to geo
and environmental sciences
3. Summary of Research Activity
RI applications team utilizes RIBF heavy-ion accelerators for following research subjects:(1) Production of radioisotopes
Using 14-MeV proton beam irradiations at the RIKEN AVF Cyclotron, we develop techniques of
production and application of various radio-isotopes (RI's) for research in chemistry, biology, medicine,
pharmaceutical and environmental sciences. We can produce RI's with wide range of lifetimes as short as
seconds. Long-life (>a few days) RI's are produced in a target which is cooled by water and He gas, andshort-life RI's are produced at a gas-jet system where RI atoms are recoiled out of thin foil targets, captured
by KCl aerosols and transported to a hot lab by a flow of He carrier gas. These systems are in the samechamber and can operate in parallel with the same beam. Among the long-life RI's, Zn-65 (T1/2=244 days)
and Cd-109 (T1/2=463 days) are delivered to Japan Radioisotope Association for charged distribution to thegeneral public in Japan.
(2) R/D for RI production
We work to improve production procedure of the present Zn-65 and Cd-109 for stable supply and better
quality. We also develop production techniques for other RI species which are demanded but lack supply
sources. The collection efﬁciency of gas-jet system has been optimized for Zr-89m (T1/2=4.16m), Nb-90m(T1/2=18.8s) and Nd-141m (T1/2=62s) nuclides.
(3) Trace element analyses with accelerator technologies
We have developed two new technologies of mass spectrometry for the trace-element analyses as anapplication of accelerator technology to various fields such as cosmochemistry, environmental science,archaeology and so on. On is a new type Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) at the RILAC equipped with
an ECR ion source. This system is available for the measurements of trace-elements (10-14-10-15level), and is
expected to be especially effectible for the measurements of low electron-afﬁnity elements such as 26Al, 41Ca,
53
Mn and so on. As a preliminary study, the ECR ion source system has been evaluated and the basic data
have been obtained for the detection and quantitative analysis of trace nuclides in archaeological samples(cinnabar) and functional metals. As another technology, we have attempted to customize a mass
spectrometer equipped with a stand-alone ECR ion source for analyses of elemental and isotopic abundances.

- 377 -

Team Leader
Tadashi KAMBARA
Members
Hiromitsu HABA
Kazuya TAKAHASHI
Shuichi ENOMOTO
Temporary Staff
Yutaka EZAKI
Visiting Scientists
Hiroshi HIDAKA (Fac. Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Hiroshi SHIMIZU (Fac. Sci., Hiroshima Univ.)
Miho TAKAHASHI (Tokyo Univ. Marine Sci. and Tech.)
Shigekazu YONEDA (Natl. Sci. Museum)
Tokuko WATANABE (Aoyama Gakuin Women's Junior College)
Masayoshi TODA (Tokyo Univ. Marine Sci. and Tech.)Research Consultants
Kuniko MAEDA
Part-time Staffs
Tatsuya URABE (Tokyo Univ. Marine Sci. and Tech.)
Yoko YANADA (Tokyo Univ. Sci.)
Tomohiro OIKAWA (Tokyo Univ. Marine Sci. and Tech.)Atsushi HASEGAWA (Tokyo Univ. Marine Sci. and Tech.)- 378 -

Safety Management Group
1. Abstract
The Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science possesses one of the biggest accelerator facilities in theworld which consists of a heavy-ion linear accelerator and 5 cyclotrons. Uranium ions are accelerated here
only in Japan. Our function is to keep the radiation level in and around the facility below the allowable limit
and to control the exposure on the workers as low as reasonably achievable. We are also involved in thesafety management of the Radioisotope Center where many types of experiments are performed with sealed
and unsealed radioisotopes.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Safety management at radiation facilities of Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science(2) Safety management at Radioisotope Center(3) Radiation shielding design and development of accelerator safety systems
3. Summary of Research Activity
Our most important task is to keep the personnel exposure as low as reasonably achievable, and to preventan accident. Therefore, we daily patrol the facility, measure the ambient dose rates, maintain the survey
meters, shield doors and facilities of exhaust air and wastewater, replenish the protective supplies, andmanage the radioactive waste. Advice, supervision and assistance at major accelerator maintenance works
are also our task.
We installed radiation safety interlock system at the newly built RIBF building, and are extending it alongwith the constructions of experimental facilities. The suffocation-safety interlock system was also installed at
the BigRIPS tunnel of RIBF accelerator building where huge amount of liquid He is used for superconducting
magnets. The radiation safety interlock system for Nishina building was recently replaced by a simple andreliable one with a new concept.
Head
Yoshitomo UWAMINO
Members
Rieko HIGURASHI HIRUNUMA
Hisao SAKAMOTO
Technical Staff I
Atsuko HIRIGOME
Assistant
Tomomi OKAYASU
Contract Ofﬁcer
Hiroki MUKAI
Satoshi HASHIGUCHI
Hiroyuki FUKUDA
Special Temporary Employee
Shin FUJITA- 379 -

Visiting Scientists
Koji OHISHI
Secretary
Tsutomu YAMAKI
Kazushiro NAKANO
Kimie IGARASHI
Satomi IIZUKA
Hiroko AISO

- 380 -

RIKEN-BNL Research Center
Theory Group
1. Abstract
The RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC) was established in April 1997 at Brookhaven National
Laboratory in New York, USA. The Center is dedicated to study of strong interactions, including hard QCD/
spin physics, lattice QCD and RHIC physics through nurturing of a new generation of young physicists. The
Theory Group activities are closely and intimately related to those of the Nuclear Theory, High Energy
Theory and Lattice Gauge Theory Groups at BNL. The RBRC theory group carries out research in threeareas: numerical lattice QCD, perturbative QCD and phenomenological QCD. It pioneered the use of thedomain-wall fermion method in lattice QCD and has investigated various aspects of hadron physics including
the calculation of neutral Kaon CP-violations that is relevant for checking the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa
theory. The perturbative QCD effort has developed various new methods required for studying hadronstructures, especially in spin physics research. The group has pioneered phenomenological QCD researchesof color superconductivity, isospin density, and small-x phenomena in extreme hadronic matters.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Perturbative QCD(2) Lattice QCD numerical research(3) Phenomenological QCD
3. Summary of Research Activity
The RIKENBNL Research Center (RBRC) was established in 1997 to support the RIKEN activities at
RHIC in BNL, and also to promote theoretical studies related to RHIC, i. e. theories of strong interaction.
The center's ﬁrst director was T. D. Lee (Columbia University), and in October 2003, the former director of
BNL, N. P. Samios, succeeded to the post of director. H. En'yo, Chief scientist of RIKEN in Wako, is also
associate director of RBRC. The center consists of a theory group lead by L. Mclerran (BNL) and an
experimental group lead by Y. Akiba of RIKEN, currently resident at BNL.
Research in the RBRC theory group focuses on a wide variety of phenomena caused by the strong
interaction, one of the four fundamental interactions in nature. The strong interaction is describedtheoretically by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), and the research projects in the RBRC theory group aim
to elucidate various phenomena brought about by the strong interaction from the principles of QCD. Major
subjects of our research include studies (a) based on lattice QCD, (b) on spin physics based on perturbative
QCD, and (c) on QCD in extreme conditions such as high temperature, high density or high energy. RBRC
offers RHIC Physics Fellowships, allowing joint appointments with universities. These Fellowships enable atalented researcher to maintain a tenure track position at his/her university as well as a Fellow position at
RBRC for a certain period of time. This system was established in order to increase the research potential of
RBRC and to disseminate its research activities and results. At present, RBRC has cooperative agreementswith Arizona State University, the City University of New York, Iowa State University, Purdue University,
Pennsylvania State University, the State University of New York at Stony Brook, Texas A&M University, theUniversity of Tsukuba, as well as with BNL and with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
(1) Lattice QCDQCDOC (QCD on chip), a second-generation lattice-QCD computer, was developed in the collaboration
amongst the RBRC group, Columbia University and IBM. Three units of such a machine with 10 teraﬂops
computing power are in operation since 2005; two in BNL (RBRC and DOE) and one in Edinburgh (UKQCD), and formed a world-wide strong collaboration for the lattice QCD studies. Such computing power
enables us to perform precise calculations with 3 quark ﬂavors with proper handling on the chiral symmetry
breaking. Several projects are ongoing: ﬂavor physics for Kaon and B-meson, electro-magnetic properties of- 381 -

hadrons, proton decay, the nuclear force, nucleon form factors which relates to the proton spin problem, and
QCD thermodynamics in ﬁnite temperature/density systems as is produced in RHIC heavy-ion collisions. R
and D led by the Columbia University lattice group is also underway for a next generation RBRC latticecomputer of about 200 teraﬂops sustained.
(2) Perturbative QCD and spin physics
The ongoing RHIC spin experiments have motivated much of the parallel theoretical developments at
RBRC. In the area of transverse spin physics, novel predictions have been obtained for the single transversespin asymmetry in open charm production in pp collisions at RHIC. This asymmetry probes three gluon
correlations in polarized proton. In addition, radiative QCD corrections to single-spin observables were
investigated, providing the relevant evolution equations. Further work focused on hyperon production at
RHIC, and on azimuthal asymmetries in the Drell-Yan process.
(3) Phenomenological QCD--QCD under extreme conditions-To establish a detailed picture of relativistic heavy ion collisions, QCD-based theoretical approaches are in
progress. Especially the idea of "color glass condensation (CGC)" can be a key to understand the initialcondition of the heavy ion collision. Other phenomenological approaches are in progress to understand thecharacteristics of strongly interacting quark gluon plasma. A recent effort has been initiated to understandheavy ion elliptic ﬂow in term s of viscous hydrodynamics. A new ﬁnite temperature effective ﬁeld theory is
being developed for the strongly interacting quark gluon plasma to explain the suppression of sheer viscosity
in the region of the phase transition.
Group Leader
Larry McLERRAN
Deputy Group Leader
Anthony J. BALTZMembers
Yasumichi AOKI *1
Denes MOLNAR *2
Kirill TUCHIN *2
Rainer FRIES *2
Thomas BLUM *2
Tomomi ISHIKAWA *3
Feng YUAN *2
Adam LICHTL *3
Agnes MOCSY *3
Yoshimasa HIDAKA *4
Toru KOJO *4
Peter PETRECZKY *2
Taku IZUBUCHI *1
Sinya AOKI *5
Derek TEANEY *2
Adrian DUMITRU *2
Cecilia LUNARDINI *2
Anna STASTO *2
Visiting Members
Norman CHRIST (Columbia Univ., USA)- 382 -

Miklos GYULASSY (Columbia Univ., USA)
Robert L. JAFFE (Massachusetts Inst. Technol., USA)
Robert MAWHINNEY (Columbia Univ., USA)
Edward SHURYAK (State Univ. New York, Stony Brook, USA)Kei IIDA (Kochi Univ.)
Masakiyo KITAZAWA (Osaka Univ.)
Testufumi HIRANO (U. Tokyo)
Shigemi OHTA (KEK)
Secretarial Staff
Doris RUEGER (Secretary to Director N. P. Samios)
Pamela ESPOSITO (Theory Group Secretary)
Taeko ITO (Assistant to Account Manager for Administration)
Susan FOSTER (Experimental Group Secretary)
Administrative Staff / RIKEN Japan
Masatoshi Moriyama, Deputy Director, Nishina Center Research Promotion Ofﬁce
Emiko ADACHI (RBRC Account Manager for Administration)
Keiko SUSUKI (Japan)*1 RIKEN BNL Fellow *2 RHIC Physics Fellow,*3 Research Associate, *4 Special Postdoctoral Researcher,*5 RHIC visiting Fellow- 383 -

RIKEN-BNL Research Center
Experimental Group
1. Abstract
RIKEN BNL Research Center (RBRC) Experimental Group studies the strong interactions (QCD) using
RHIC accelerator at Brookhaven National Laboratory, the world ﬁrst heavy ion collider and polarized p+p
collider. We have three major activities: Spin Physics at RHIC, Heavy ion physics at RHIC, and detector
upgrades of PHENIX experiment at RHIC. We study the spin structure of the proton using the polarized
proton-proton collisions at RHIC. This program has been promoted by RIKEN's leadership. The ﬁrst focus of
the research is to measure the gluon spin contribution to the proton spin. Our recent data analysis has shownthat the proton spin carried by the gluons is small, which is a very striking ﬁnding beyond our expectations.
The aim of Heavy ion physics at RHIC is to re-create Quark Gluon Plasma, the state of Universe just after
the Big Bang. Two important discoveries, jet quenching effect and strong elliptic ﬂows, have established thatnew state of dense matter is indeed produced in heavy ion collisions at RHIC. We are proceeding tounderstand the nature of the matter. We has major roles in detector upgrades of PHENIX experiment, namely,
the silicon vertex tracker (VTX) and muon trigger upgrades.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Experimental Studies of the Spin Structure of the Nucleon(2) Study of Quark-Gluon Plasma at RHIC
(3) PHENIX detector upgrades
3. Summary of Research Activity
The RIKEN-BNL Research Center was established in 1997 to support the RIKEN activities at RHIC in
BNL, and also to promote theoretical studies related to RHIC, i. e. theories of strong interaction. The center's
ﬁrst director was T. D. Lee (Columbia University), and in October 2003, the former director of BNL, N. P.
Samios, succeeded to the post of the director. The center consists of a theory group lead by L. Mclerran (BNL)
and an experimental group lead by Y. Akiba, a vice chief scientist of RIKEN in Wako.
We study the strong interactions (QCD) using the RHIC accelerator at Brookhaven National Laboratory,
the world ﬁrst heavy ion collider and polarized p+p collider. We have three major activities: Spin Physics at
RHIC, Heavy ion physics at RHIC, and detector upgrades of PHENIX experiment.
(1) Experimental study of spin structure of proton using RHIC polarized proton collider
How is the spin of proton formed with 3 quarks and gluons? This is a very fundamental question in
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of the strong nuclear forces. The RHIC Spin Project has been
established as an international collaboration between RIKEN and Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) tosolve this problem by colliding two polarized protons for the first time in history. This project also has
extended the physics capabilities of RHIC.
The first goal of the RHIC spin physics program is to elucidate a contribution of the gluon spin in the
proton spin. We have measured double-helicity asymmetries of neutral pions to study gluon polarization in
proton. The most recent data from 2006 run have shown that the gluon polarization in the proton is small,and only about half of proton spin can be accounted by gluon spin in the measured region of gluon
momentum in proton. The remaining part must be carried by gluons in lower momentum region where themeasurement is not sensitive, and/or reside in the orbital-angular momentum of quarks and gluons.
To ﬁnalize the smallness of the gluon-spin contribution, we need to measure double helicitiy asymmetry indirect photon production. This process is dominated by a single and the simplest process, gluon Compton
scattering, in perturbative QCD, and is the golden channel to determine the gluon density and the gluon
polarization in the proton. We published a paper on direct photon cross section in p+p collisions at RHIC.
Preliminary results on double-helicity asymmetry of direct photon from the 2006 run have been obtained.
- 384 -

We have also accumulating transversely-polarized proton collision data to measure single transverse-spin
asymmetries of processes which are predicted to be sensitive to the orbital-angular momentum of quarks andgluons.
Since the RHIC operation in 2008 was shortened by the DOE budget problem there was a polarized-proton
collisions for only about one-month long. The RHIC accelerator achieved 2.3x1031/cm2/s of the averageluminosity and 45% of the average beam polarization at the center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV. In 2008, wecollected data with transversely-polarized proton collisions at 200 GeV to investigate single transverse-spin
asymmetries. The PHENIX experiment recorded the data corresponding to 4.5 inverse picobarn of theintegrated luminosity in 2008. All the physics data in the 2008 p+p run were transferred to RIKEN CC-J in
almost real-time via the network between US and Japan. Event-reconstruction of the data has been completed
at RIKEN CC-J.
In addition to the study of polarized p+p collisions at RHIC, we study quark fragmentation function. With
collaboration with the BELLE experiment at High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), we
discovered that the spin direction of a quark can be determined from its hadronic fragments. Precise data of
the quark fragmentation function can be used to understand the cross sections and the spin dependences ofparticle production in polarized p+p collisions at RHIC. We continue the study of the quark fragmentation
function at BELLE.
In 2009, we expect the ﬁrst polarized p+p run at sqrt (s)=500 GeV. Main goal of the 500 GeV run is tomeasure single longitudinal spin asymmetry of W particle production. From this measurement, thepolarization of the quarks and the anti-quarks in the proton can be determined.
(2) Experimental study of Quark-Gluon Plasma using RHIC heavy-ion collider
The goal of high energy heavy ion physics at RHIC is study of QCD in extreme conditions i. e. at very
high temperature and at very high energy density. Experimental results from RHIC have established that
dense partonic matter is formed in Au+Au collisions at RHIC. The matter is very dense and opaque, and it
has almost no viscosity and behaves like a perfect fluid. These conclusions are primarily based on thefollowing two discoveries:●Strong suppression of high transverse momentum hadrons in central Au+Au collisions (jet quenching)●Strong elliptic ﬂow
The focus of the research in heavy ion physics at RHIC is now to investigate the properties of the matter.
RBRC have played the leading roles in some of the most important results from PHENIX in the study of thematter properties.
From the fall of 2007 to the spring of 2008, RHIC had its 8th year RUN (RUN8). The ﬁrst part of RUN8
was deuteron + gold (d+Au) collision experiment. PHENIX recorded very high statistics d+Au data during
RUN8, about 30 times of the previous d+Au run in year 2003. From the d+Au data we can study the cold
nuclear matter effect, in particular that on J/Psi production, a key probe of Quark Gluon plasma.
Main results of PHENIX that are published in 2008 are as follows.
1) Measurements of electron pairs in p+p.
Electron pairs are measured in p+p collisions at sqrt (s)=200 GeV. The measured mass distribution is well
explained by the contribution of light meson decays for the mass region less than 1 GeV. The mass spectrum
above 1 GeV is dominated by correlated decay of charm and anit-charm mesons. From the yield of theelectron pair continuum above 1 GeV, the total charm production cross section is deduced. The obtained
cross section is in good agreement with the measurement from single electrons.
2) J/Psi measurements in d+Au and Cu+Cu
Cold nuclear matter effects in J/PSI production in d+Au collisions are studied. The d+Au data were reanalyzed and compared with higher statistics p+p data. From the comparison, J/Psi break-up cross section incold nuclear matter is determined. The ﬁnal results of J/Psi production in Cu+Cu collision from year 2005
run of RHIC has been published.
3) High pT pi0 measurement and constraints on theory.
- 385 -

PHENIX measured pi0 production at high pT in Au+Au collision at 200 GeV. The new measurement has
more than 10 times of statistics of the previous published results and extend the measured pT range to 20
GeV/c. The measurements shows that the pi0 production is strongly suppressed, by about a factor of ﬁve, athigh pT. The suppression is consistent with that high pT scattered quarks and gluons lose a significant
amount of their energies in the dense matter formed in the collision. The suppression patterns are comparedwith the theory calculations of parton energy loss. Form the comparison, quantitative constraints on theparameters of the theories are obtained.
4) Measurement of low pT direct photons through their internal conversion to e+e- pairs.
If the dense partonic matter formed at RHIC is thermalized, it should emit thermal photons. Observation ofthermal photon is direct evidence of early thermalization, and we can determine the initial temperature of thematter. It is predicted that thermal photons from QGP phase is the dominant source of direct photons for
1<pT<3 GeV/c at the RHIC energy. PHENIX measured the direct photon in this pT region frommeasurements of quasi-real virtual photons that decays into low-mass e+e- pairs. Strong enhancement of
direct photon yield in Au+Au over the scaled p+p data has been observed. Several hydrodynamical models
can reproduce the central Au+A data within a factor of two. These models assume formation of a hot systemwith initial temperature of Tinit=300 MeV to 600 MeV.
(3) PHENIX detector upgrade
The group has major roles in several PHENIX detector upgrades, namely, the silicon vertex tracker (VTX)and muon trigger upgrades.
VTX is 4 layers of silicon tracker, jointly funded by RIKEN and the US DOE. The inner two layers are
silicon pixel detectors and the outer two layers are silicon strip detectors. The detector will be completed in2010.
Muon trigger upgrades are needed for W → mu measurement at 500 GeV. New trigger electronics (Muon
Trigger FEE) have been installed in one of muon arms and they will be commissioned in the 2009 run. Afterthe 2009 run, the rest of the Muon Trigger FEE will be installed in PHENIX. Prototype of muon trigger
detectors using MRPC technology have been installed for test during the 2009 run.
Group Leader
Yasuyuki AKIBA
Deputy Group Leader
Abhay DESHPANDE
Members
Yuji GOTO
Itaru NAKAGAWA
Takashi ICHIHARA
Atsushi TAKETANI
Yasushi WATANABE
Satoru YOKKAICHI
Kensuke OKADA *1
Ralf-Christian SEIDL *1
Stefan BATHE *1
David KAWALL *2
Kieran BOYLE *3
Manabu TOGAWA *4
Kohei SYOJI (Kyoto Univ.) *5
Jun TAMURA (T. I. Tech) *5- 386 -

Yorito YAMAGUCHI (CNS-U-Tokyo) *5
Misaki OUCHIDA (Hiroshima Univ) *5
Kentaro MIKI (Tsukuba Univ) *5
Kenichi KARATSU (Kyoto Univ) *5
Yoki ARAMAKI (CNS-U-Tokyo) *5
Visiting Members
Naohito SAITO (KEK)
Zheng LEE (BNL)
Kiyoshi TANIDA (Kyoto Univ.)
Akio OGAWA (BNL)
Masahiro OKAMURA (BNL)
Seishi DAIRAKU (Kyoto Univ.) *6
Koichi SAKASHITA (T. I. Tech) *7
Takeshi KANESUE (Kyusyu Univ.) *6*1RIKEN BNL Fellow, *2 RHIC Physics Fellow,*3 Research Associate, *4 Special Postdoctoral Researcher,*5 Junior Research Associate, *6 JSPS Student, *7 Student trainee- 387 -

Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo.
1. Abstract
The Center for Nuclear Study (CNS) aims to elucidate the nature of nuclear system by producing thecharacteristic states where the Isospin, Spin and Quark degrees of freedom play central roles. These
researches in CNS lead to the understanding of the matter based on common natures of many-body systems
in various phases. We also aim at elucidating the explosion phenomena and the evolution of the universe by
the direct measurements simulating nuclear reactions in the universe. In order to advance the nuclear science
with heavy-ion reactions, we develop AVF upgrade, CRIB and SHARAQ facilities in the large-scaleaccelerators laboratories RIBF. We promote collaboration programs at RIBF as well as RHIC-PHENIX and
ALICE-LHC with scientists in the world, and host international meetings and conferences. We also provide
educational opportunities to young scientists in the heavy-ion science through the graduate course as amember of the department of physics in the University of Tokyo and through hosting the international
summer school.
2. Major Research Subjects(1) Accelerator Physics(2) Nuclear Astrophysics(3) Nuclear spectroscopy of exotic nuclei(4) Quark physics(5) Spin Physics(6) Nuclear Theory(7) SHARAQ project
3. Summary of Research Activity(1) Accelerator Physics
One of the Major tasks of the accelerator group is the AVF upgrade project which includes development ofion sources, upgrading the AVF cyclotron of RIKEN and the beam line to CRIB. A new heavy ion ECR
source of CNS that use super-conducting magnet was successfully installed to the AVF cyclotron, and has
been used to provide a variety heavy ion beams. Two CNS ECR sources now provide all the beams for the
AVF cyclotron and support not only CRIB experiments but also a large number of RIBF experiments. A
charge-breeding ECR source is also under development.
Two major works were advanced for upgrading the AVF cyclotron. One is the detailed design study of thecentral region of the cyclotron, which remedies insufﬁciencies for the transmission of the heavy ion beams
through the cyclotron. A new central module will be made following the design in 2009. The second is a
successful acceleration of heavy ion beams up to 11 Mev/u which was about 9.5 MeV/u before. Following
the detailed simulation studies of the heavy ion beams through the cyclotron, beam acceleration tests weresuccessfully performed for 16O and 6Li beams. These beams will be provided to new experimental projects at
CRIB.
A non-destructive beam monitor was also successfully developed and installed just in front of the CRIB
production target. It showed a sensitivity of about a few nA. This new beam monitor will become a powerfultool for all the RIBF facility.
(2) Nuclear Astrophysics
Major activity of the nuclear astrophysics group is to investigate experimentally nucleosynthesis of theuniverse, speciﬁcally of explosive phenomena in the universe such as novae and supernovae. High-intensity
RI beams of light nuclei from the CNS low-energy RI beam separator CRIB provides a good opportunity to
study stellar nuclear reactions under explosive conditions both by the direct method as well as by indirect
methods. The research programs include investigations of α-induced stellar reactions on 7Li, 14O and 21Na.
- 388 -

The beta decay of 46Cr was also studied to learn the Gamow-Teller Transitions. Some beam developments
were made for new RI beams, and an active target was also designed for studies of stellar reactions with lowcross sections.
Some technological development for the beam line as well as for the Wienﬁlter of CRIB were made in thepast year.
(3) Nuclear structure of exotic nuclei
The NUSPEQ (NUclear SPectroscopy for Extreme Quantum system) group studies exotic structures inhigh-isospin and/or high-spin states in nuclei. The CNS GRAPE (Gamma-Ray detector Array with Position
and Energy sensitivity) is a major apparatus for high-resolution in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy. In 2008,
the following progress has been made.
Light neutron-rich nuclei have been studied by using nucleon transfer and inelastic scattering where theﬁnal states are identiﬁed by measuring de-excited gamma-rays. A low-lying proton intruder state has beenfound for the ﬁrst time, which shows importance of a deformation effect in N ~ 8 neutron-rich nuclei.
New high-spin states in 49-51Ti populated by fusion reactions of an RI beam have been found, which gives
information on the N=28 shell gap and the single particle energies in the fp-shell.
Upgrade of the readout system of the CNS GRAPE has started, where digital pulse data taken by sampling
ADCs are analyzed by FPGAs on boards.
(4) Quark Physics
Main goal of the CNS quark physics group is to understand the properties of hot and dense nuclear mattercreated by colliding heavy nuclei at relativistic energies. The group has been involved in the PHENIX
experiment at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven
National Laboratory, and has also started active participation in the ALICE experiment at Large Hadron
Collider (LHC) at CERN.
As for the RHIC PHENIX experiment, the group has been concentrating on the physics analysis withleptons and photons, which include study of charm and bottom production with the non-photonic single
electrons, measurement of direct photon yield at low transverse momentum in p+p and A+A collisions using
the virtual-gamma method, and determination of neutral pion yield as a function of azimuthal angle from thereaction plane in Au+Au collisions.
As for the LHC ALICE experiment, the group has been playing roles in the construction of the Transition
Radiation Detector (TRD), and commissioning and calibration of Time Projection Chamber (TPC).
R&D of gas electron multiplier (GEM) and related techniques has been continuing. The major activities
are; development of 2D-imaging prototype, and performance study of the thick-GEM prototypes with several
different hole sizes.
(5) Spin Physics
Development of the polarized solid proton target is being proceeded. We have examined how the proton
polarization rate depends on pulse structure of excitation light and found that the polarization rate can be
doubled for a duty factor of 20% and a repetition rate of 7.5 kHz, compared with the previous settings of 5%
and 2.5 kHz. Higher proton polarization can be expected with this new settings.
(6) Nuclear Theory
The nuclear theory group has been promoting the RIKEN-CNS collaboration project on large-scale nuclear
structure calculations since 2001 and maintaining its parallel computing cluster. In 2008, we developed theeffective interactions of various mass region based on the large-scale shell model calculation technique anddiscussed the "shell evolution" and the role of tensor force quantitatively in exotic nuclei, such as 17C, 48Ca,
N=50 isotones, Sm isotopes and so on.
(7) SHARAQ project
Construction of the SHARAQ spectrometer and the dedicated high-resolution beamline are coming to theﬁnal phase. The magnetic ﬁeld distribution in dipole magnets, D1 and D2, were precisely measured with thesearch coil method. A major part of the beamline has been constructed. Cathode readout drift chambers for- 389 -

tracking detectors at the SHARAQ focal plane have been fabricated in GANIL and installed to SHARAQ in
December 2008. It was also found that Low-pressure multiwire drift chambers (LP-MWDC) developed forbeamline tracking detectors works well under pressure as low as 10 kPa with an isobuthane gas.
Derector
Takaharu OTSUKA
Scientiﬁc Staff
Susumu SHIMOURA (Professor)
Shigeru Kubono (Professor)
Hideki HAMAGAKI (Associate Professor)
Tomohiro UESAKA (Associate Professor)
Eiji IDEGUCHI (Lecturer)
Hironori IWASAKI (Research Associate (-Dec./31/2008))
Takahiro KAWABATA (Research Associate (-Jan./31/2009))
Hidetoshi YAMAGUCHI (Research Associate)
Shin'ichiro MICHIMASA (Research Associate)
Taku GUNJI (Research Associate)
Guest Scientists
Toshio SUZUKI (Guest Professor, Nihon Univ.)
Toshinori MITSUMOTO (Guest Associate Professor, Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.)Technical Staff
Yukimitsu OHSHIRONorio YAMAZAKI
Techinical Assistants
Shin-ichi WATANABE
Hiroshi KUREI
Hideaki NINOMIYARyo YOSHINO
Shoichi YAMAKA
Post Doctoral Associates
Takashi ABE
Yohei SHIMIZU
Kosuke NAKANISHI
Takashi HASHIMOTO
Yashio WAKABAYASHI
Shinsuke OTA
Yuji TSUCHIMOTO (Mar./25/2009-)
Graduate Students
Megumi NIIKURA
Yuhei MORINO
Yoshiko SASAMOTO
Satoshi SAKAGUCHI
Yorito YAMAGUCHI- 390 -

Youki ARAMAKI
Nguyen Binh DAM
Satoshi SANO
Seiya HAYAKAWADavid. M KAHL (Oct./1/2008-)
Akihisa TAKAHARA
Yuzo KURIHARA
Hiroyuki MIYA
Ryoji AKIMOTO
Kenshi OKADA
Yasuto HORI
Hiroshi TOKIEDA
Administration Staff
Midori HIRANO
Ikuko YAMAMOTO
Takako ENDO
Yukino KISHI
Toshiko ITAGAKI
Ikuko ICHINOHE (-Jun./30/2008)
Yuko SOMA (Jul./16/2008-)- 391 -TORIJIN(Todai-RIKEN Joint International Program for Nuclear Physics) Term
1. Abstract
University of Tokyo and RIKEN agreed to corporate with each other in the ﬁeld of nuclear physics andestablished Todai-RIKEN Joint International Program for Nuclear Physics (TORIJIN) in June 2006. The aimof this organization is to promote the international collaborations, such as JUSTIPEN (Japan-US Theory
Institute for Physics with Exotic Nuclei) and EFES (International Research Network for Exotic Femto
Systems). JUSTIPEN was launched in June 2006 in order to facilitate collaborations between U. S. andJapanese scientists whose main research thrust is in the area of the physics of exotic nuclei. More than 40
nuclear scientists in U. S. have visited Japan in three years, and many collaborations are established. EFES
was selected as one of the Core-to-Core Programs of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).
This is the program to send Japanese nuclear scientists to U. S., Germany, France, Italy, Norway, and Finland
and to promote the international collaborations in the ﬁeld of nuclear study. Many joint workshops were heldwith the partner countries.
2. Main activities
Promote the international collaborations of both theoretical and experimental nuclear physicists under
JUSTIPEN and EFES programs.
3. Summary of Research Activity
Under the JUSTIPEN program, 26 nuclear scientists visited in this ﬁscal year and many collaborations are
established. Under the EFES program, we have carried out four types of activities: initiating the collaboration
projects, organizing seminars with partner courtiers, sending researchers abroad, and sending/inviting young
scientists to the summer schools. Regarding the collaborative works, we have carried out three projects.
Many experimentalists and theoreticians have been sent abroad. As for the joint workshops, we haveorganized eight workshops and all of them were quite fruitful. Also, young scientists have been sent topartner countries for educational purpose and starting collaborations. As for the summer school, Japanese
graduate students have been sent to the summer schools in Germany and USA, and we have invited students
to CNS-EFES summer school from the partner countries.
LeaderTakaharu OTSUKA (University of Tokyo)
Vice leader
Tohru MOTOBAYASHI (RIKEN)
Members
Susumu SHIMOURA (University of Tokyo),
Hiroyoshi SAKURAI (RIKEN)
Takashi NAKATSUKASA (RIKEN)
Tomohiro UESAKA (University of Tokyo),
Naoyuki ITAGAKI (University of Tokyo),- 392 -

VI. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS& PRESENTATION

Accelerator
Division
RNC,: “RIBF

5

Publications
Publications

,(

),

,8

”,
/ 33
(2008).

[[Journal]](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Aoki T., Stingelin L., Kamigaito O., Sakamoto N.,
Fukunishi N., Yokouchi S., Maie T., Kase M., GotoA., and Yano Y.: “Construction of a beam rebuncher
for RIKEN RI-beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 592, No. 3, pp. 171–179 (2008).
[[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
(Others)
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “RIBF
”,
5
/ 33
,
,8
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RIBF
”,
5
/ 33
,(
),
,8
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

1

- 393 -

Accelerator
Development Group
RNC[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Iwasa N., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Akiyoshi H., AndoY., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Iwasaki H., Kubo
T., Kubono S., Kinugawa H., Kumagai H., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami H., Sagara K.,
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Yanagisawa Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “In-beam γ spectroscopy of34
Si with deuteron inelastic scattering using reverse kinematics”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 064315-1–064315-4 (2003).
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Motobayashi T.,
Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba H., Akiyoshi H.,
Ando Y., Aoi N., Fulop Z., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Hirai M., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Iwata Y., Kanno S., Kobayashi H., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Michimasa S., Nakamura
T., Ozawa A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Ishihara M.: “Molecular states in neutron-richberyllium isotopes”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 337–341(2004).
Baba H., Shimoura S., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Saito
A., Ryuto H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa Y.:“Isoscalar compressional strengths in 14 O”, Nucl. Phys.
A 788, 188c–193c (2007).
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed forcarbon stripper foils”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 590, 13–17 (2008).
Aoki T., Stingelin L., Kamigaito O., Sakamoto N.,
Fukunishi N., Yokouchi S., Maie T., Kase M., GotoA., and Yano Y.: “Construction of a beam rebuncher
for RIKEN RI-beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 592, No. 3, pp. 171–179 (2008).
Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).
Tominaka T.: “Inductance calculation of twisted conductors by the broken line approximation”, Cryogenics 49,
94–102 (2009).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai

H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for precision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie T.:“Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron
for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercond. 18, No. 2, pp. 226–231 (2008).
Proc.][[Book・Proceedings](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
Vorozhtsov S., Vorozhtsov A., Perepelkin E., Watanabe S.,
Kubono S., Mitsumoto T., and Goto A.: “Calculationsof the beam transmission and quality in the RIKEN AVF
cyclotron”, Procceedings of RuPAC 2008, Zvenigorod,
Russia, 2008–9 10, Russia, Russia, pp. 51–53 (2008).
Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “The magnetic ﬁeld of the superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–10, -, -, pp.
429–431 (2008).
Ohnishi J., Nakagawa T., Higurashi Y., Okuno H., Kusaka
K., and Goto A.: “Construction and test of the superconducting coils for RIKEN SC-ECR ion source”,
Proceedings of the 11th European Particle Accelerator
Conference (EPAC 2008), Genoa, 2008–6, The European Physical Society Accelerator Group, -, pp. 433–435(2008).
(Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki

1- 394 -

T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N.,
Sakamoto N., Kamigaito O., Hasebe H., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Yokouchi S., Ikegami K., Kase M., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN
superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare, Roma, pp. 18–20 (2007).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
4
32
,
, 2007–8,,, pp. 46–48 (2007).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations() Conference etc.)(International
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa
K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi
T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto

A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Baba H., Shimoura S., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y.,
Saito A., Ryuto H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kubono S., Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi
T., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Serata M., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K.,
and Yanagisawa Y.: “Isoscalar excitation in 14 O”, 5thInternational Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic
Beams (DREB2007), (DREB2007 Committee), Wako,
May–June (2006).
Baba H., Shimoura S., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Saito
A., Ryuto H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Measurement of isoscalar monopole and dipole
strengths in 14 O”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2006).
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed forcarbon stripper foils”, 23rd World Conference of the
INTDS, (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)), Tsukuba, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).

2- 395 -

Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto
A., Kikuchi T., Igarashi S., Komatsubara T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi K., Yamaguchi T., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y.,
and Yasuda Y.: “Mass measurements by isochronous
storage ring in RI beam factory”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (RIKEN and others),
Tokyo, June (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, MT-20 The
20th biennial conference on magnet technology, Wako,
Aug. (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes
produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase
M., Komiyama M., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., WatanabeT., and Yano Y.: “Details of Beam Diagnostic System
for RIKEN Superconducting Ring Cyclotron”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori Nazionali del Sud),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron”, 18th International Conference
on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present per-formance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yasuda Y., Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., FukunishiN., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
China, Sept. (2008).
((Domestic)Conference)
,
,

,
,

,

,

,

,

,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Design of the isochronous storage ring for2
accurate mass measurement in RI beam factory”,/ 30,, 7 (2005).
,
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,
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,
,
,
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,
,
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,
: “
”,
,(
),
, 9 (2005).
,
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,
,
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,
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- 396 -

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(2007).
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4- 397 -

Accelerator Team
RNC

[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Saito T., Sakai H., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Kawabata T.,
Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Sasano M., Satou Y.,
Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uesaka T., and YakoK.: “Experimental Test of Bell’s Inequality via the 1 H(d,2He)n Reaction”, AIP Conf. Proc. 768, 62–64 (2005).
Takechi M., Fukuda M., Mihara M., Chinda T.,
Matsumasa T., Matsubara H., Nakashima Y., Matsuta
K., Minamisono T., Koyama R., Shinosaki W.,
Takahashi M., Takisawa A., Ohtsubo T., Suzuki T.,
Momota S., Hatanaka K., Suda T., Sasaki M., Sato S.,
and Kitagawa A.: “Reaction cross-sections for stable nuclei and nucleon density distribution of proton drip-line
nucleus 8B”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 217–219(2005).
Hatano M., Sakai H., Wakui T., Uesaka T., Aoi N.,
Ichikawa Y., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Iwasaki H., KawabataT., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Ohnishi T.,
Ohnishi T., Saito T., Sakamoto N., Sasano M., SatouY., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yako K.: “First experiment of 6He with a polarized proton target”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp.
255–258 (2005).
Sekiguchi K., Sakai H., Witala H., Glockle W., Golak
J., Hatanaka K., Hatano M., Itoh K., Kamada H.,
Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Nogga A., Okamura H., Saito
T., Sakamoto N., Sakemi Y., Sasano M., Shimizu Y.,
Suda T., Tamii A., Uesaka T., Wakasa T., and YakoK.: “Resolving the Discrepancy of 135 MeV pd Elastic Scattering Cross Sections and Relativistic Eﬀects”,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 162301-1–162301-4 (2005).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Hatano M., IsupovY., Kato H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A.,
Nishikawa J., Ohnishi T., Okumura H., Reznikov S.,
Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Sakoda S., Saito T., Sekiguchi
K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.:“Tensor Analyzing Power T20 of the dd → 3 Hen and dd→ 3 Hp Reactions at Zero Angle for Energies 140, 200,
and 270 MeV”, Phys. At. Nucl. 69, 1271–1278 (2006).
Sakai H., Saito T., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Kawabata T., Kuboki
H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Rangacharyulu C., Sasano
M., Sato Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uesaka
T., and Yako K.: “Spin correlations of strongly interacting massive fermion pairs as a test of Bell’s inequality”,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, No. 15, pp. 150405-1–150405-4(2006).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Ichikawa Y., Itoh Y., ItohM., Iwasaki H., Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,

Matsuo R., Nakao T., Okamura H., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K.,
Shinohara M., Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii
A., Yako K., and Yamaguchi M.: “Analyzing Power
Measurement for Elastic Scattering of 6 He on polarized
protons”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 833–836 (2007).
Mardanpour H., Amir-Ahmadi H., Deltuva A., Itoh K.,
Kalantar N. N., Kawabata T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,
Messchendorp J. G., Sakaguchi S., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Sekiguchi K., Suda K.,
Takahashi Y., Uesaka T., Witala H., and Yako K.: “Precision Measurement of Vector and Tensor Analyzing
Powers in Elastic Deuteron- Proton Scattering”, Eur.
Phys. J. A 31, 383–391 (2007).
Miki K., Sakai H., Itoh K., Kawabata K., Kuboki H.,
Maeda Y., Noji S., Sakaguchi S., Sakamoto N., SasamotoY., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K.,
Takahashi Y., Uesaka T., and Yako K.: “Measurementof the 2 H(d, pn) Reaction at 0 degrees at 270 MeV”,
Nucl. Phys. A 790, 442c–445c (2007).
Wakasa T., Ihara E., Fujita ., Funaki Y., Hatanaka K.,
Horiuchi H., Itoh M., Kamiya ., Roepke G., Sakaguchi
H., Sakamoto ., Sakemi ., Schuck P., Shimizu Y.,
Takashina M., Terashima S., Suzuki A., Uchida M.,
Yoshida ., and Yosoi .: “New candidate for an alphacluster condensed state in 16 O (α, α� ) at 400 MeV”,
Phys. Lett. B 653, 173–177 (2007).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Janek M., Kiselev A.,
Kurilkin A., Vasiliev A., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato
H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J.,
Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakoda
S., Sakamoto N., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii
A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in
the dd → 3 Hen(3 Hp) reactions at intermediate energies”,
AIP Conf. Proc. 1011, 235–240 (2008).
Kurilkin A., Saito T., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev T.,
Janek M., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato K., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Measurement of thevector Ay and tensor Ayy , Axx , Axz analyzing powers
for the dd →3 Hp reaction at 200 MeV”, Eur. Phys. J.
Special Topics 162, 133–136 (2008).
Kiselev A., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev A., Janek M.,
Saito T., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato H., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in the12� p)13 C reaction at the energy Td = 270 MeV”,
C(d,Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 162, 143–146 (2008).
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed forcarbon stripper foils”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.

1- 398 -

Res. A 590, 13–17 (2008).
Aoki T., Stingelin L., Kamigaito O., Sakamoto N.,
Fukunishi N., Yokouchi S., Maie T., Kase M., GotoA., and Yano Y.: “Construction of a beam rebuncher
for RIKEN RI-beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 592, No. 3, pp. 171–179 (2008).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Itoh Y., Itoh M., Iwasaki H.,
Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsuo R., Nakao
T., Okamura H., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., SasamotoY., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Shinohara M.,
Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii A., Yako K.,
and Yamaguchi M.: “Spin-orbit potential in 6 He studied with polarized proton target”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
467–469 (2008).
Zegers R. G., Brown E. F., Akimune H., Austin S.
M., van den Berg A. M., Brown B. A., Chamulak D.
A., Fujita Y., Fujiwara M., Gales S., Harakeh M.
N., Hashimoto H., Hayami R., Hitt G. W., Itoh M.,
Kawabata T., Kawase K., Kinoshita M., Nakanishi K.,
Nakayama S., Okumura S., Shimbara Y., Uchida M.,
Ueno H., Yamagata T., and Yosoi M.: “Gamow-Teller
strength for the analog transitions to the ﬁrst T = 1/2,J π = 3/2− states in 13 C and 13 N and the implications
for type Ia supernovae”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 024307-1–
024307-10 (2008).
(Others)
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie T.:“Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron
for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercond. 18, No. 2, pp. 226–231 (2008).
: “
SRC)
”,
43, No. 11, pp. 452–459 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings][
Proc.](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “The magnetic ﬁeld of the superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–10, -, -, pp.
429–431 (2008).
Ohnishi J., Nakagawa T., Higurashi Y., Okuno H., Kusaka

K., and Goto A.: “Construction and test of the superconducting coils for RIKEN SC-ECR ion source”,
Proceedings of the 11th European Particle Accelerator
Conference (EPAC 2008), Genoa, 2008–6, The European Physical Society Accelerator Group, -, pp. 433–435(2008).
(Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N.,
Sakamoto N., Kamigaito O., Hasebe H., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Yokouchi S., Ikegami K., Kase M., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN
superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare, Roma, pp. 18–20 (2007).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

2

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,

,

,

,

,
”,

: “
4

32
, 2007–8,,,, pp. 46–48 (2007).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa
K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi
T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Sekiguchi K., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Kuboki H., Sasano
M., Takahashi Y., Yako K., Kawabata T., Maeda
Y., Sakaguchi S., Sasamoto Y., Suda K., Uesaka T.,
Okamura H., Itoh K., and Wakasa T.: “Study of Spin� Breakup ReacParts of Three Nucleon Forces via dp
tions at Intermediate Energies”, 18th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, (Instituto de Fisica Teorica), Santos, Brazil, Aug. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Sekiguchi K., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Kuboki T., Sasano
M., Takahashi Y., Yako K., Kawabata T., Maeda
Y., Sakaguchi S., Sasamoto Y., Suda K., Uesaka T.,
Okamura H., Itoh K., and Wakasa T.: “Three Nucleon
� Breakup Reactions at IntermediForce Study via dp
ate Energies”, International Nuclear Physics Conference(INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, MT-20 The
20th biennial conference on magnet technology, Wako,
Aug. (2007).
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase
M., Komiyama M., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., WatanabeT., and Yano Y.: “Details of Beam Diagnostic System
for RIKEN Superconducting Ring Cyclotron”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori Nazionali del Sud),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron”, 18th International Conference
on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

3

- 400 -

,

,
,
,
,
,
: “Design of the isochronous storage ring for2
accurate mass measurement in RI beam factory”,/ 30,, 7 (2005).
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
: “
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,(
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, 9 (2005).
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(2005).
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RNCIon Source Team

Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Matsuyama Y., Motobayashi T., Shimoura S., Minemura
T., Saito A., Baba H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., AndoY., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Sakurai H.,
Serata M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Teranishi T., Ue
K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Inelastic Scattering of 12 Be with 4 He”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No.
146, pp. 593–594 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Shimoura S., Saito A., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba
H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
Ishihara M., and Itagaki N.: “Isomeric 0+ state in
12Be”, Phys. Lett. B 560, 31–36 (2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction using the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Iwasaki H., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Gomi
T., Aoi N., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., Futakami U., Gacsi
Z., Higurashi Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Kunibu M., Kubo
T., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Minemura T., Saito A., Serata
M., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Watanabe Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Ishihara M.: “Quadrupole collectivity of 28 Ne and the boundary of the island of inversion”,
Phys. Lett. B 620, 118–124 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissocia-

1- 402 -

tion of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
[Book
・Proceedings]
Proc.][(Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
Ohnishi J., Nakagawa T., Higurashi Y., Okuno H., Kusaka
K., and Goto A.: “Construction and test of the superconducting coils for RIKEN SC-ECR ion source”,
Proceedings of the 11th European Particle Accelerator
Conference (EPAC 2008), Genoa, 2008–6, The European Physical Society Accelerator Group, -, pp. 433–435(2008).
(Others)
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).

Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
ECR
”,
4
32
,
, 8 (2007).
: “
ECRIS-MS”,1,(),, 11 (2008).
: “
ECRIS-MS
”,
129
,(
),
, 3 (2009).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International
Conference
etc.)
(
)
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on

2- 403 -

Accelerator Operation Group
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Matsuyama Y., Motobayashi T., Shimoura S., Minemura
T., Saito A., Baba H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., AndoY., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Sakurai H.,
Serata M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Teranishi T., Ue
K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Inelastic Scattering of 12 Be with 4 He”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No.
146, pp. 593–594 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Shimoura S., Saito A., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba
H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
Ishihara M., and Itagaki N.: “Isomeric 0+ state in
12Be”, Phys. Lett. B 560, 31–36 (2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction using the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Motobayashi T.,
Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba H., Akiyoshi H.,
Ando Y., Aoi N., Fulop Z., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Hirai M., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Iwata Y., Kanno S., Kobayashi H., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Michimasa S., Nakamura
T., Ozawa A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Ishihara M.: “Molecular states in neutron-richberyllium isotopes”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 337–341(2004).
Yamada K., Motobayashi T., Aoi N., Baba H., Demichi K.,
Elekes Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Imai N.,
Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Notani M., OnishiT., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Togano Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Tanihata
I.: “Reduced transition probabilities for the ﬁrst 2+ excited state in 46 Cr, 50 Fe, and 54 Ni”, Eur. Phys. J. A
25, No. s01, pp. 409–413 (2005).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Study1- 404 -

of 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Iwasaki H., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Gomi
T., Aoi N., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., Futakami U., Gacsi
Z., Higurashi Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Kunibu M., Kubo
T., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Minemura T., Saito A., Serata
M., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Watanabe Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Ishihara M.: “Quadrupole collectivity of 28 Ne and the boundary of the island of inversion”,
Phys. Lett. B 620, 118–124 (2005).
Ong H., Imai N., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Dombradi Z., Saito
A., Elekes Z., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., GibelinJ., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kawai S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T.,
Notani M., Ota S., Sakai H., Shimoura S., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Inelastic proton scattering on 16 C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 347–
348 (2006).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissociation of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J. D., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa
Y., and Yoneda K.: “Study of N =20 shell gap with1

H(28 Ne,27,28 Ne) reactions”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 150, 99–102 (2007).
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed forcarbon stripper foils”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 590, 13–17 (2008).
Aoki T., Stingelin L., Kamigaito O., Sakamoto N.,
Fukunishi N., Yokouchi S., Maie T., Kase M., GotoA., and Yano Y.: “Construction of a beam rebuncher
for RIKEN RI-beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 592, No. 3, pp. 171–179 (2008).
Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Hayashi Y., Ichida H., Abe T.,
Kase M., and Yano Y.: “Heavy-ion beam irradiation facility for biological samples in RIKEN”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 119–122 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aiba T., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Bemmerer D., Brown B., Furumoto T., Fulop Z., Iwasa
N., Kiss A. B., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Motobayashi
T., Nakabayashi T., Nannichi T., Sakuragi H., Sakurai
H., Sohler D., Takashina M., Takeuchi S., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., Yamada K., Yamaguchi M., and Yoneda K.:“Persistent decoupling of valence neutrons toward thedripline:study of 20 C by γ spectroscopy”, Phys. Rev. C
79, 011302-1–011302-5 (2009).
(Others)
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie T.:“Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron
for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercond. 18, No. 2, pp. 226–231 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.][(Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
(Others)
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N.,
Sakamoto N., Kamigaito O., Hasebe H., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Yokouchi S., Ikegami K., Kase M., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN
superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare, Roma, pp. 18–20 (2007).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa

2- 405 -

T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
4
32
,
, 2007–8,,, pp. 46–48 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
: “Operational Status of the He Cooling System for
RIKEN SRC”,
432, Wako, 2007–8,,, pp. 796–798 (2007).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Onishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Yamada K., Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.:“The lifetime measurement of the ﬁrst 2+ state in 12 Be”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),Tokyo, June (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, MT-20 The
20th biennial conference on magnet technology, Wako,
Aug. (2007).
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase
M., Komiyama M., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., WatanabeT., and Yano Y.: “Details of Beam Diagnostic System
for RIKEN Superconducting Ring Cyclotron”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and their Applica-

tions (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori Nazionali del Sud),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron”, 18th International Conference
on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,,,,,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
16
: “12 BeC”,58,
, 3 (2003).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,,,,,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Anomalously long lifetime of 2+1 state of 16 C”,,
A New Era of Nuclear Structure Physics,
11 (2003).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki3- 406 -

M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Experimental ﬁnding of the anomalous
quadrupole collectivity in unstable nucleus 16 C”,
2005
, (
),
, 9
(2005).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Lifetime measurement of 12Be(2+1 )”,
2005
,(
),
,9
(2005).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
4
32
, ( ),,8(2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “RIBF
”,
32

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,9
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,
,
A.,

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,

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,

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,
:
2008
(2008).
, Banerjee S. R., Chakrabarti
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
5
,(
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,

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(2007).
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, 8 (2008).
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,, Banerjee S. R., Chakrabarti
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,
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,
,
,
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,
,
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4

- 407 -

RNCRILAC Team

Publications
Publications[Book
Proceedings]
・[
Proc.](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
Ohmori H., Lin W., Katahira K., Mizutani M., Naruse
T., Uehara Y., Watanabe Y., Kameyama Y., HachisuY., Maekawa K., Sasaki C., Ito N., Yoshida K., Hirai
S., Kasuga H., Mishima T., Asami M., Mitsuishi N.,
and Matsuzawa T.: “Developmental History and Variation of Precision and Eﬃcient Machining assisted with
Electrolytic Process Principle and Applications”, Proceedings of The World Advances in ELID-Grinding
Technologies: Trends on High Eﬃciency and Essential
Processing, Changsha, China, 2008–6, Hunan University, Changsha, pp. 1–5 (2008).
(Review)
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Lin W., Watanabe Y., Mishima T.,
and Doi T.: “Eﬃcient and smooth grinding characteristics of monocrystalline 4H-SiC wafer”, 1st International
Conference on Nanomanufacturing (nanoMan2008), Singapore, Singapore, 2008–7, Center of MicroNano Manufacturing Technology, Singapore, pp. 1–6 (2008).
Ohmori H., Yoshida K., Hirai S., Watanabe Y., Uehara Y.,
Lin W., and Kwak T.: “Fabrication of SiC micro-lensmold for glass molding”, 8th International Joint Workshop on Micro Fabrication (IJWMF-2008), Kaohsiung,Taiwan, 2008–4, Metal Industries Research and Development Centre, Kaohsiung, pp. 9–12 (2008).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Watanabe Y., and Mishima T.:“Micro-grinding characteristics on alumina and zirconia ceramics for dental applications”, 8th International
Joint Workshop on Micro Fabrication (IJWMF-2008),
Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 2008–4, Metal Industries Researchand Development Centre, Kaohsiung, pp. 13–17 (2008).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Lin W., Watanabe Y., MishimaT., and Doi T.: “Eﬃcient super-smooth ﬁnishing characteristics of SiC materials through the use of ﬁnegrinding”, International Conference on Smart Manufacturing Application, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, 2008–4, Institute of Control, Robotics, and Systems, Gyeonggi-do,
pp. 5–8 (2008).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Watanabe Y., Mishima T.,
and Kwak T.: “Surface characteristics of eﬃcient-ground alumina and zirconia ceramics for dental applications”, Proceedings of The World Advances in ELIDGrinding Technologies: Trends on High Eﬃciency andEssential Processing, Changsha, China, 2008–6, Hunan
University, Changsha, pp. 31–35 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “ELID
”,
145
115
,
, 2008–10,,, pp. 10–15 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
,
,
, pp.
101–108 (2009).
(Others)
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International() Conference etc.)
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Lin W., Watanabe Y., MishimaT., Doi T., and Kwak T.: “Eﬃcient grinding characteristics of 4H-SiC wafer”, 7th International Conferenceof High Speed Machining, (Technische Universit, Darmstadt, Germany, May (2008).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Mishima T., Watanabe Y., and Lin
W.: “Investigation on mirror surface grinding characteristics of SiC materials”, International Symposium on

1- 408 -

New Frontier of Advanced Si-Based Ceramics and Composites (ISASC2008), (The Korean Ceramics Society),
Jeju, Korea, June (2008).
Yoshida K., Ohmori H., Katahira K., Henerichs M.,
Kloche F., Kwak T., Watanabe Y., and Hirai S.: “Ultraprecision ELID-Grinding of SiC Glass Mold Materials”, 1st International Conference on NanoManufacturing (nanoMan2008), Singapore, Singapore, July (2008).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Watanabe Y., and Mishima T.:“Eﬃcient grinding characteristics on alumina and zirconia ceramics for dental applications”, 8th International
Conference on Frontiers of Design and Manufacturing,(Tianjin University), Tianjin, China, Sept. (2008).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Watanabe Y., and Mishima T.:“Improvement in micro-grinding on alumina and zirconia ceramics for dental applications”, 6th International
Workshop on Microfactories (IWMF 2008), (Northwestern University, University of Illinois), Evanston, USA,
Oct. (2008).
Kasuga H., Ohmori H., Lin W., Watanabe Y., MishimaT., Doi T., and Kwak T.: “Super-smooth machining of
4H-SiC wafer through the use of ﬁne-grinding”, 2008
International Conference on Planarization/CMP Technology, (Chemical Mechanical Planarization User Group
Taiwan), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Nov. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
,
: “
EPICS
F3RP61-2L
”,
5
/ 33
,(
),
, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
5
/ 33
,(
),
, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
: “4HSiC 0001”, 2008(ABTEC2008), (),, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,

26
,(

,1

),

(2009).

2- 409 -

RNC Cyclotron Team

Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Aoki T., Stingelin L., Kamigaito O., Sakamoto N.,
Fukunishi N., Yokouchi S., Maie T., Kase M., GotoA., and Yano Y.: “Construction of a beam rebuncher
for RIKEN RI-beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 592, No. 3, pp. 171–179 (2008).
(Others)
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie T.:“Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron
for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercond. 18, No. 2, pp. 226–231 (2008).
[[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
(Others)
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N.,
Sakamoto N., Kamigaito O., Hasebe H., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Yokouchi S., Ikegami K., Kase M., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN
superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare, Roma, pp. 18–20 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
4
32
,
, 2007–8,,, pp. 46–48 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
: “Operational Status of the He Cooling System for
4
32
RIKEN SRC”,, Wako, 2007–8,,, pp. 796–798 (2007).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International
Conference
etc.)
)
(
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,

Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, MT-20 The
20th biennial conference on magnet technology, Wako,
Aug. (2007).
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase
M., Komiyama M., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., WatanabeT., and Yano Y.: “Details of Beam Diagnostic System
for RIKEN Superconducting Ring Cyclotron”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori Nazionali del Sud),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron”, 18th International Conference
on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
4
32
, ( ),,8(2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “RIBF”,
5/ 33,, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “RIBF
”,
5
/ 33

1

- 410 -

,(

),

,8

(2008).

2- 411 -

Beam
RNCTechnology Team
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Takechi M., Fukuda M., Mihara M., Chinda T.,
Matsumasa T., Matsubara H., Nakashima Y., Matsuta
K., Minamisono T., Koyama R., Shinosaki W.,
Takahashi M., Takisawa A., Ohtsubo T., Suzuki T.,
Momota S., Hatanaka K., Suda T., Sasaki M., Sato S.,
and Kitagawa A.: “Reaction cross-sections for stable nuclei and nucleon density distribution of proton drip-line
nucleus 8B”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 217–219(2005).
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed forcarbon stripper foils”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 590, 13–17 (2008).
Aoki T., Stingelin L., Kamigaito O., Sakamoto N.,
Fukunishi N., Yokouchi S., Maie T., Kase M., GotoA., and Yano Y.: “Construction of a beam rebuncher
for RIKEN RI-beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 592, No. 3, pp. 171–179 (2008).
Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).
Wakasugi M., Emoto T., Furukawa Y., Ishii K., Ito
S., Koseki T., Kurita K., Kuwajima A., Masuda T.,
Morikawa A., Nakamura M., Noda A., Ohnishi T., ShiraiT., Suda T., Takeda H., Tamae T., Tongu H., Wang S.,
and Yano Y.: “Novel Internal Target for Electron Scattering oﬀ Unstable Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
164801-1–164801-4 (2008).
Kanaya T., Saito H., Hayashi Y., Fukunishi N., Ryuto
H., Miyazaki K., Kusumi T., Abe T., and Suzuki K.:“Heavy-ion beam-induced sterile mutants of verbena(Verbena × Hybrida) with an improved ﬂowering habit”,
Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 91–96 (2008).
Kanaya T., Saito H., Hayashi Y., Fukunishi N., Ryuto
H., Miyazaki K., Abe T., and Suzuki K.: “A Heavy-ion
beam-induced mutant of Verbena × Hybrida and wildtype V.peruviana demonstrate diﬀerent types of selfincompatibility”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 97–
100 (2008).
Sugiyama M., Saito H., Ichida H., Hayashi Y., Ryuto H.,
Fukunishi N., Terakawa T., and Abe T.: “Biological effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation on cyclamen”, Plant
Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 101–104 (2008).
Kazama Y., Saito H., Yamamoto Y. Y., Hayashi Y.,
Ichida H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., and Abe T.: “LETdependent eﬀects of heavy-ion beam irradiation in Arabidopsis thaliana”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp.

113–117 (2008).
Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Hayashi Y., Ichida H., Abe T.,
Kase M., and Yano Y.: “Heavy-ion beam irradiation facility for biological samples in RIKEN”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 119–122 (2008).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for precision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie T.:“Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron
for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercond. 18, No. 2, pp. 226–231 (2008).
Sasaki K., Aida R., Niki T., Yamaguchi H., Narumi T.,
Nishijima T., Hayashi Y., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N.,
Abe T., and Ohtsubo N.: “High-eﬃciency improvementof transgenic torenia ﬂowers by ion beam irradiation”,
Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 81–89 (2008).
[Book[
Proc.]
・Proceedings](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
Abe T., Kazama Y., Ichida H., Hayashi Y., Ryuto H.,
and Fukunishi N.: “Plant breeding using the ion beamirradiation in RIKEN”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications(Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Itary, 2006–9 10,
INFN, Giardini Naxos, pp. 222–224 (2008).
Hayashi Y., Takehisa H., Kazama Y., Ichida H., Ryuto H.,
Fukunishi N., Abe T., Kanba C., and Sato T.: “Eﬀect
of ion beam irradiation on mutation induction in rice”,
Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Itaty, 2007–9 10, INFN, Giardini Naxos,
pp. 237–239 (2008).
Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “The magnetic ﬁeld of the superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–10, -, -, pp.

1- 412 -

429–431 (2008).
(Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N.,
Sakamoto N., Kamigaito O., Hasebe H., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Yokouchi S., Ikegami K., Kase M., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN
superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare, Roma, pp. 18–20 (2007).
Kazama Y., Saito H., Hayashi Y., Ichida H., Ohbu S.,
Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., and Abe T.: “Eﬀects of ion
beam irradiation on mutation induction in Arabidopsis thaliana”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons2007), Giardini Naxos, Itary, 2007–9 10, INFN, Giardini Naxos, pp. 240–242 (2008).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).

,

,
,

,

,

,

,
,

,
,

,

,
,
,
”,

,
,
: “
4

32
, 2007–8,,,, pp. 46–48 (2007).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa
K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi
T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Uwamino Y., Sakamoto H., and Fukunishi N.: “Safety Design of the Radioactive Isotope Beam Facility (RIBF)
at RIKEN”, Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets
and Irradiation Facilities 8th Meeting, (OECD/NEA),
Pohang, Korea, May (2006).
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed forcarbon stripper foils”, 23rd World Conference of the
INTDS, (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)), Tsukuba, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa

2- 413 -

A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto
A., Kikuchi T., Igarashi S., Komatsubara T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi K., Yamaguchi T., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y.,
and Yasuda Y.: “Mass measurements by isochronous
storage ring in RI beam factory”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (RIKEN and others),
Tokyo, June (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, MT-20 The
20th biennial conference on magnet technology, Wako,
Aug. (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes
produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase
M., Komiyama M., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., WatanabeT., and Yano Y.: “Details of Beam Diagnostic System
for RIKEN Superconducting Ring Cyclotron”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori Nazionali del Sud),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron”, 18th International Conference
on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),

Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yasuda Y., Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., FukunishiN., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
China, Sept. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Design of the isochronous storage ring for2
accurate mass measurement in RI beam factory”,/ 30,, 7 (2005).
,
,
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- 415 -

Cryogenic
RNC Technology Team

[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Aoki T., Stingelin L., Kamigaito O., Sakamoto N.,
Fukunishi N., Yokouchi S., Maie T., Kase M., GotoA., and Yano Y.: “Construction of a beam rebuncher
for RIKEN RI-beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 592, No. 3, pp. 171–179 (2008).
(Others)
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie T.:“Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron
for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, IEEE Trans. Appl.
Supercond. 18, No. 2, pp. 226–231 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings][
Proc.](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
(Others)
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N.,
Sakamoto N., Kamigaito O., Hasebe H., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Yokouchi S., Ikegami K., Kase M., Goto A.,
and Yano Y.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN
superconducting ring cyclotron”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica
Nucleare, Roma, pp. 18–20 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
4
32
,
, 2007–8,,, pp. 46–48 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
: “Operational Status of the He Cooling System for
4
32
RIKEN SRC”,, Wako, 2007–8,,, pp. 796–798 (2007).

carbon stripper foils”, 23rd World Conference of the
INTDS, (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)), Tsukuba, Oct. (2006).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Commissioning of the Superconducting Ring Cyclotron for the RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, MT-20 The
20th biennial conference on magnet technology, Wako,
Aug. (2007).
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Okuno H., Yamada K., Ohnishi J., Fukunishi N., Yokouchi
S., Hasebe H., Ikegami K., Kumagai K., Sakamoto N.,
Kamigaito O., Goto A., Kase M., Yano Y., and Maie
T.: “Hardware commissioning of the RIKEN superconducting ring cyclotron”, 18th International Conference
on Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),
Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International
Conference
etc.)
)
(
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed for1- 416 -

NuclearPhysics Research Division
RNC[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for precision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
[Book
Proc.][
・Proceedings](Others)
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations)Conference etc.)((International
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto

A., Kikuchi T., Igarashi S., Komatsubara T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi K., Yamaguchi T., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y.,
and Yasuda Y.: “Mass measurements by isochronous
storage ring in RI beam factory”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (RIKEN and others),
Tokyo, June (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes
produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yasuda Y., Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., FukunishiN., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
China, Sept. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
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(2005).
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,
,
,
,
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,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
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,

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(2007).

1- 417 -

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2- 418 -

HeavyIon Nuclear Physics Laboratory
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Otsu H., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Kitayama M.,
Inafuku K., Ozawa A., Satou Y., Suda T., Yoshida K.,
and Sakaguchi H.: “Measurement of the H(38s,p’) reaction at forward angles including 0 degree”, Nucl. Phys.
A 788, 266c–270c (1997).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Kobayashi T., Otsu H., Aoi N.,
Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani M.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T., Watanabe Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of
Halo Nuclei”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp.
462–466 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Matsuyama Y., Motobayashi T., Shimoura S., Minemura
T., Saito A., Baba H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., AndoY., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Sakurai H.,
Serata M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Teranishi T., Ue
K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Inelastic Scattering of 12 Be with 4 He”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No.
146, pp. 593–594 (2002).
Ideguchi E., Cederwall B., undeﬁned u. u., Gono Y., Y.F.
Y., Teranishi T., Aoi N., D. B., and Kishida T.: “Measurement of Depth of Interaction in a Segmented Planar
Ge Detector”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A
496, 373–384 (2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami

H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Inakura T., Mizutori S., Yamagami M., and Matuyanagi
K.: “Superdeformed Bands in Neutron-Rich Sulfur Isotopes suggested by Cranked Skyrme-Hartree-Fock Calculations”, Nucl. Phys. A 728, 52–64 (2003).
Shimoura S., Saito A., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba
H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
Ishihara M., and Itagaki N.: “Isomeric 0+ state in
12Be”, Phys. Lett. B 560, 31–36 (2003).
Takashina M., Ito M., Kudo Y., Okabe S., and Sakuragi
H.:“12 C+12 C→8 Beg.s. +16 Og.s. resonance reaction
around Ec.m. =32.5 MeV”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 0146091–014609-6 (2003).
Takashina M., Takagi S., Sakuragi H., and Iseri Y.:“A continuum discretized coupled channels study of
11
Be→10 Be+n breakup eﬀect on the 11 Be elastic scattering”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 037601-1–037601-4 (2003).
Iwasa N., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Akiyoshi H., AndoY., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Iwasaki H., Kubo
T., Kubono S., Kinugawa H., Kumagai H., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami H., Sagara K.,
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Yanagisawa Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “In-beam γ spectroscopy of34
Si with deuteron inelastic scattering using reverse kinematics”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 064315-1–064315-4 (2003).
Guimaraes V., Kubono S., F.C. B., M. H., S.C. J.,
Katayama I., Miyachi T., Nomura T., H.M. T., Fuchi Y.,
H. K., Kato S., Yun C., K. I., Orihara H., Terakawa A.,
Kishida T., Y. P., Hamada S., Hirai M., and Miyatake
H.: “Structure of the Unbound 11 N Nucleus by the (3 He,
6He) Reaction”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 064601-1–064601-8(2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction us-1- 419 -

ing the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).
Ueno H., Asahi K., Ogawa H., Kameda D., Miyoshi H.,
Yoshimi A., Watanabe H., Shimada K., Sato W., Yoneda
K., Imai N., Kobayashi Y., Ishihara M., and Wolf-Dieter
S.: “Measurement of nuclear moments in the region oflight neutron-rich nuclei”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 211–215(2004).
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Motobayashi T.,
Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba H., Akiyoshi H.,
Ando Y., Aoi N., Fulop Z., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Hirai M., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Iwata Y., Kanno S., Kobayashi H., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Michimasa S., Nakamura
T., Ozawa A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Ishihara M.: “Molecular states in neutron-richberyllium isotopes”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 337–341(2004).
Takashina M., Ito M., kudo Y., Okabe S., and Sakuragi
H.: “12 C+12 C→8 Beg.s. +16 Og.s. resonance reaction andmulti-cluster states of highly-excited 24 Mg nucleus”,
Nucl. Phys. A 738, 352–356 (2004).
Matsuzaki M., Shimizu Y., and Matuyanagi K.: “Nuclear
Moment of Inertia and Wobbling Motions in Triaxial
Superdeformed Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. C 69, 034325-1–
034325-10 (2004).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Aoi N., Imai N., Ishihara M.,
Kobayashi T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani
M., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T.,
Watanabe Y., and Yoneda K.: “Coulomb and nuclear
breakup of a halo nucleus 11 Be”, Phys. Rev. C 70,
054606-1–054606-12 (2004).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Ohnishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takechi M., Tamaki M.,
Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Anoma+
16
C”,
lously hindered E2 Strength B(E2; 2+
1 → 0 ) in
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, No. 6, pp. 062501-1–062501-4(2004).
Kobayasi
M.,
Nakatsukasa
T.,MatsuoM.,
and Matuyanagi K.:“Collective Path Connecting
the Oblate and Prolate Local Minima in 68Se”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. 112, No. 2, pp. 363–368 (2004).
Sekiguchi K.: “Exploring Three Nucleon Forces throughdp Scattering at Intermediate Energies”, AIP Conf.
Proc. 768, 24–30 (2005).
Saito T., Sakai H., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Kawabata T.,
Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Sasano M., Satou Y.,
Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uesaka T., and YakoK.: “Experimental Test of Bell’s Inequality via the 1 H(d,He)n Reaction”, AIP Conf. Proc. 768, 62–64 (2005).

2

Takechi M., Fukuda M., Mihara M., Chinda T.,
Matsumasa T., Matsubara H., Nakashima Y., Matsuta
K., Minamisono T., Koyama R., Shinosaki W.,
Takahashi M., Takisawa A., Ohtsubo T., Suzuki T.,
Momota S., Hatanaka K., Suda T., Sasaki M., Sato S.,
and Kitagawa A.: “Reaction cross-sections for stable nuclei and nucleon density distribution of proton drip-line
nucleus 8B”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 217–219(2005).
Hatano M., Sakai H., Wakui T., Uesaka T., Aoi N.,
Ichikawa Y., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Iwasaki H., KawabataT., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Ohnishi T.,
Ohnishi T., Saito T., Sakamoto N., Sasano M., SatouY., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yako K.: “First experiment of 6He with a polarized proton target”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp.
255–258 (2005).
Kannungo R., Chiba M., Abu-Ibrahim B., Adhikari S.,
Fang D., Iwasa N., Kimura K., Maeda K., Nishimura S.,
Ohnishi T., Ozawa A., Samanta C., Suda T., Suzuki T.,
Wang Q., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y., Yamada K., YoshidaA., Zheng T., and Tanihata I.: “A new view to the structure of 19C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 261–262(2005).
Takashina M., Sakuragi H., and Iseri Y.: “Eﬀect of halo
structure on 11Be+12C elastic scattering”, Eur. Phys.
J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 273–275 (2005).
Yamada K., Motobayashi T., Aoi N., Baba H., Demichi K.,
Elekes Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Imai N.,
Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Notani M., OnishiT., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Togano Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Tanihata
I.: “Reduced transition probabilities for the ﬁrst 2+ excited state in 46 Cr, 50 Fe, and 54 Ni”, Eur. Phys. J. A
25, No. s01, pp. 409–413 (2005).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,

2- 420 -

Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takechi
M., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Low-lying
excited states in 17,19C”, Phys. Lett. B 614, 174–180(2005).
Iwasaki H., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Gomi
T., Aoi N., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., Futakami U., Gacsi
Z., Higurashi Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Kunibu M., Kubo
T., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Minemura T., Saito A., Serata
M., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Watanabe Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Ishihara M.: “Quadrupole collectivity of 28 Ne and the boundary of the island of inversion”,
Phys. Lett. B 620, 118–124 (2005).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Decoupling of valence neutrons from the core in 17 B”, Phys.
Lett. B 621, 81–88 (2005).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Kobayashi T., Kubo T., Miura M., Motobayashi
T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugimoto T.,
Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., Yakushiji T., Yanagisawa
Y., and Yoneda K.: “In-beam γ-ray spectroscopy of theneutron-rich boron isotopes 15,17 B via inelastic scattering on 12 C”, Phys. Rev. C 71, 044611-1–044611-9(2005).
Onishi T., Gelberg A., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Aoi N., ImaiN., Baba H., Von Brentano P., Fukuda N., Ichikawa
Y., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kameda D., Kishida T.,
Lisetskiy A., Ong H., Osada M., Ohtsuka T., Suzuki M.,
Ue K., Utsuno Y., and Watanabe H.: “Gamow-Teller
decay of the T = 1 nucleus 46 Cr”, Phys. Rev. C 72,
No. 2, pp. 024308-1–024308-7 (2005).
Sekiguchi K., Sakai H., Witala H., Glockle W., Golak
J., Hatanaka K., Hatano M., Itoh K., Kamada H.,
Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Nogga A., Okamura H., Saito

T., Sakamoto N., Sakemi Y., Sasano M., Shimizu Y.,
Suda T., Tamii A., Uesaka T., Wakasa T., and YakoK.: “Resolving the Discrepancy of 135 MeV pd Elastic Scattering Cross Sections and Relativistic Eﬀects”,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 162301-1–162301-4 (2005).
Ong H., Imai N., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Dombradi Z., Saito
A., Elekes Z., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., GibelinJ., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kawai S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T.,
Notani M., Ota S., Sakai H., Shimoura S., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Inelastic proton scattering on 16 C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 347–
348 (2006).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissociation of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Bishop S., Fulop Z., Gibelin J.,
Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kalinka G., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A. A., Kurita K.,
Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Nakao T., Nikolski E. Y., Ohnishi T., Okumura T.,
Ota S., Perera P., Saito A., Sakurai H., Satou Y., Sohler
D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Takeda H.,
Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Testingof the RIKEN-ATOMKI CsI(Tl) array in the study of
22,23O
nuclear structure”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01,
pp. 321–324 (2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Hatano M., IsupovY., Kato H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A.,
Nishikawa J., Ohnishi T., Okumura H., Reznikov S.,

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Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Sakoda S., Saito T., Sekiguchi
K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.:“Tensor Analyzing Power T20 of the dd → 3 Hen and dd→ 3 Hp Reactions at Zero Angle for Energies 140, 200,
and 270 MeV”, Phys. At. Nucl. 69, 1271–1278 (2006).
Schumann F., Typel S., Hammache F., Summerer K.,
Uhlig F., Bottcher I., Cortina D., Forster A., Gai M.,
Geissel H., Greife U., Gross E., Iwasa N., Koczon P.,
Kohlmeyer B., Kulessa R., Kumagai H., Kurzu N.,
Menzel M., Motobayashi T., Oeshler H., Ozawa A.,
Ploskon M., Prokopowicz W., Schwab E., Senger P.,
Strieder F., Sturm C., Sun Z., Surowka G., Wagner
A., and Walus W.: “Low-energy cross section of the7Be(p,γ)8 B solar fusion reaction from the Coulomb dissociation of 8 B”, Phys. Rev. C 73, 015806-1–015806-13(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Proton inelastic scattering studies atthe borders of the “island of inversion”: The 30,31 Na
and 33,34 Mg case”, Phys. Rev. C 73, 044314-1–0443145 (2006).
Yamaguchi M., Tagisi Y., Aoki Y., Iizuka T., Nagatomo
T., Shinba t., Yoshimaru N., Yamato Y., Katabuchi
T., and Tanifuji M.: “Analyzing powers of polarized
deuterons in low-energy 6 Li(d,α)4 He and 6 Li(d,p0 )7 Li
reactions in a resonance region”, Phys. Rev. C 74, No.
6, pp. 064606-1–064606-11 (2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aoi N., Bishop S., Fulop Z.,
Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Iwasa N.,
Iwasaki H., Kalinka G., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A.
A., Kurita K., Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Motobayashi
T., Nakamura T., Nakao T., Nikolski E. Y., Ohnishi T.,
Okumura T., Ota S., Perera P., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Satou Y., Sohler D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., SuzukiM., Takeda H., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Search for neutron decoupling in 22 O via the (d,d’γ) reaction”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 017306-1–017306-3(2006).
Yoneda K., Obertelli A., Gade A., Bazin D., Brown B.
A., Campbell C. M., Cook J. M., Cottle P. D., Davies
A. D., Dinca D. -., Glasmacher T., Hansen P. G.,
Hoagland T., Kemper K. W., Lecouey J. -., Mueller W.
F., Reynolds R. R., Roeder B. T., Terry J. R., Tostevin
J. A., and Zwahlen H.: “Two-neutron knockout fromneutron-deﬁcient 34 Ar, 30 S, and 26 Si”, Phys. Rev. C
74, 021303-1–021303-5 (2006).
Furumoto T. and Sakuragi H.: “ Application of the

Jeukenne-Lejeune-Mahaux folding model to α-nucleus
elastic scattering”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 034606-1–034606-8(2006).
Yamaguchi T., Ohnishi T., Suzuki T., Becker T., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kelic A., Kimura K.,
Mandel S., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima S., Ohtsubo T.,
Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M., Sitar B., Strmen P.,
Suda T., Summerer K., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takechi
M., Takisawa A., and Tanaka K.: “Production cross sections of isotopes formed by fragmentation of similar to
1A (GeVKr)-Kr-80 beam”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 0446081–044608-5 (2006).
Takashina M. and Sakuragi H.: “α+12 C inelastic angular
distribution and nuclear size of 12 C(0+2 )”, Phys. Rev. C
74, 054606-1–054606-5 (2006).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Vanishing N = 20 Shell Gap: Studyof Excited States in 27,28 Ne”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96,
182501-1–182501-4 (2006).
Nakamura T., Vinodkumar A., Sugimoto T., Aoi N., Baba
H., Bazin D. P., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Imai N., Ishihara M., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Miura M., Motobayashi T., Otsu H., Saito A., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., YakushijiT., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Observation ofStrong Low-Lying E1 Strength in the Two-Neutron Halo
Nucleus 11 Li”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 252502-1–252502-4(2006).
Sakai H., Saito T., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Kawabata T., Kuboki
H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Rangacharyulu C., Sasano
M., Sato Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uesaka
T., and Yako K.: “Spin correlations of strongly interacting massive fermion pairs as a test of Bell’s inequality”,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, No. 15, pp. 150405-1–150405-4(2006).
Motobayashi T.: “Nuclear structure studies far from stability using intermediate-energy RI beams”, Phys. Scr.
T125, 41–44 (2006).
� Breakup
Sekiguchi K.: “Three Nucleon Force Study via dp
Reactions at Intermediate Energies”, AIP Conf. Proc.
915, 759–764 (2007).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Ichikawa Y., Itoh Y., ItohM., Iwasaki H., Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,
Matsuo R., Nakao T., Okamura H., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K.,
Shinohara M., Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii
A., Yako K., and Yamaguchi M.: “Analyzing Power4- 422 -

Measurement for Elastic Scattering of 6 He on polarized
protons”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 833–836 (2007).
Sekiguchi K.: “N d Scattering at Intermediate Energies:
An Epoch-making Experimental Study of the Three Nucleon Force”, AIP Conf. Proc. 1011, 23–32 (2007).
Mardanpour H., Amir-Ahmadi H., Deltuva A., Itoh K.,
Kalantar N. N., Kawabata T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,
Messchendorp J. G., Sakaguchi S., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Sekiguchi K., Suda K.,
Takahashi Y., Uesaka T., Witala H., and Yako K.: “Precision Measurement of Vector and Tensor Analyzing
Powers in Elastic Deuteron- Proton Scattering”, Eur.
Phys. J. A 31, 383–391 (2007).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J. D., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa
Y., and Yoneda K.: “Study of N =20 shell gap with1
H(28 Ne,27,28 Ne) reactions”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 150, 99–102 (2007).
Shimada K., Nagae D., Asahi K., Inoue T., Takase K.,
Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., Kobayashi Y., Ueno H.,
Yoshimi A., Kameda D., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T.,
Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa
S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Production of spinpolarized 17 N beam sing inverse-kinematics low-energy
ransfer reactions”, Hyperﬁne Interact. 180, 43–47(2007).
Sakuragi H., Maenaka Y., and Furumoto T.: “Coupledchannels study of 10Be+4He structure of highly-excited
14C”, J. Phys.: Con. Ser. 111, 012019-1–012019-6(2007).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Nummerer S.,
Becker F., Fukuda M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janike
R., Kimura K., Mandal S., Munzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Orochazka A., Shindo M.,
Strmen P., Suda T., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takisawa
A., Takechi M., and Tanaka K.: “Nuclear radii ofneutron-deﬁcient Kr isotopes studied via their interaction cross-sections at relativistic energies”, Nucl. Phys.
A 787, 471c–475c (2007).
Baba H., Shimoura S., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Saito
A., Ryuto H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa Y.:“Isoscalar compressional strengths in 14 O”, Nucl. Phys.
A 788, 188c–193c (2007).
Mardanpour H., Amir-Ahmadi H., Benard R., Biegun A.,
Eslami-Kalantari M., Kalantar N. N., Kis M., Kistryn

S., Kozela A., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Mahjour-ShaﬁeiM., Messchendorp J. G., Miki K., Noji S., RamazaniA., Sakai H., Sasano M., Sekiguchi K., Stephen E.,
Sworst R., Takahashi Y., and Yako K.: “Study of ThreeNucleon Force Eﬀects in p
� + d Break-up with BINA”,
Nucl. Phys. A 790, 426c–429c (2007).
Miki K., Sakai H., Itoh K., Kawabata K., Kuboki H.,
Maeda Y., Noji S., Sakaguchi S., Sakamoto N., SasamotoY., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K.,
Takahashi Y., Uesaka T., and Yako K.: “Measurementof the 2 H(d, pn) Reaction at 0 degrees at 270 MeV”,
Nucl. Phys. A 790, 442c–445c (2007).
Wakasa T., Ihara E., Fujita ., Funaki Y., Hatanaka K.,
Horiuchi H., Itoh M., Kamiya ., Roepke G., Sakaguchi
H., Sakamoto ., Sakemi ., Schuck P., Shimizu Y.,
Takashina M., Terashima S., Suzuki A., Uchida M.,
Yoshida ., and Yosoi .: “New candidate for an alphacluster condensed state in 16 O (α, α� ) at 400 MeV”,
Phys. Lett. B 653, 173–177 (2007).
Nakatsukasa T., Inakura T., and Yabana K.: “Finite amplitude method for the solution of the random-phaseapproximation”, Phys. Rev. C 76, 024318-1–0243189 (2007).
Fang D., Guo W., Ma. C., Wang K., Yang T., Ma. Y., Cai
X., Shen W., Ren Z., Sun Z., Chen J., Tian W., Zhong
C., Hosoi M., Izumikawa T., Kanungo R., Nakajima S.,
Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Suda T., Sugawara
K., Suzuki T., Takisawa A., Tanaka K., Yamaguchi T.,
and Tanihata I.: “Examining the exotic structure of the
proton-rich nucleus 23Al”, Phys. Rev. C 76, 031601-1–
031601-5 (2007).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Janek M., Kiselev A.,
Kurilkin A., Vasiliev A., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato
H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J.,
Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakoda
S., Sakamoto N., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii
A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in
the dd → 3 Hen(3 Hp) reactions at intermediate energies”,
AIP Conf. Proc. 1011, 235–240 (2008).
Kobayashi T., Kato T., Matsuo Y., Nishimura M.,
Hayashizaki Y., and Kawai J.: “Temporal pulsewidth
and the wavelength dependences of the product ions obtained by laser ablation of solid C60”, Appl. Phys. A
92, 777–780 (2008).
Kato T., Nishimura M., Kobayashi T., Oho Y., Sano T.,
Hayashizaki Y., Matsuo Y., and Kawai J.: “Ion extraction from the surface ablated materials in electric ﬁelds
using an intense femtosecond laser pulse”, Appl. Phys.
A 92, 809–812 (2008).
Kobayashi T., Kato T., Matsuo Y., Nishimura M.,
Hayashizaki Y., and Kawai J.: “Observation of the matrix eﬀect due to the electron transfer in laser ablation
plasma”, Appl. Phys. A 92, 817–819 (2008).
Matsuo Y., Nishimura M., Kobayashi T., Kato T., Oho Y.,
Sano T., Kawai J., and Hayashizaki Y.: “Substrate De-5- 423 -

pendence of Ion Motion in Femtosecond Laser Ablation
Cloud Observed by Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence”,
Appl. Phys. A 92, 993–997 (2008).
Nishimura M., Matsuo Y., Kobayashi T., Kato T.,
Hayashizaki Y., and Kawai J.: “Comparison of Plume
Expansion in Femtosecond Laser Ablation on Oxidized
and non-Oxidized Sm Surface”, Appl. Phys. A 92,
1047–1050 (2008).
Kurilkin A., Saito T., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev T.,
Janek M., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato K., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Measurement of thevector Ay and tensor Ayy , Axx , Axz analyzing powers
for the dd →3 Hp reaction at 200 MeV”, Eur. Phys. J.
Special Topics 162, 133–136 (2008).
Kiselev A., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev A., Janek M.,
Saito T., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato H., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in the12� p)13 C reaction at the energy Td = 270 MeV”,
C(d,Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 162, 143–146 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasa N.,
Iwasaki H., Kalinka G., Kanno S., Kawai S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A. A., Kubo T., Kurita
K., Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa
S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao
T., Nikolski E. Y., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Okumura
T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Perera P., Saito A.,
Sakai H., Sakurai H., Satou Y., Shimoura S., Sohler
D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Takeda H.,
Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “The studyof shell closures in light neutron-rich nuclei”, J. Phys. G
35, 014038-1–014038-7 (2008).
Kato T., Kobayashi T., Nishimura M., Oho Y., Sano T.,
Oyama R., Matsumura Y., Yamamoto H., Hayashizaki
Y., Matsuo Y., and Kawai J.: “Time-of-ﬂight detectionof monoatomic ions generated by femtosecond laser ablation from large molecules”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 992–997 (2008).
Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).
Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Yoshitake M., Hashizume Y.,
Kanazawa M., Kitagawa a., Kobayashi K., Moriguchi T.,
Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Sato S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi

Y., Yasuda Y., and Yamaguchi T.: “Development ofa time-of-ﬂight detector for the rare-RI ring project at
RIKEN”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 266,
4621–4624 (2008).
Sekiguchi K.: “Exploring Three Nucleon Forces with
Nucleon-Deuteron Scattering”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
250c–259c (2008).
Aoi N., Suzuki H., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ota S., Baba
H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong H., Ideguchi
E., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo
Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Kusaka K., Minemura T.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao
T., Niikura M., Okumura T., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Tamaki M.,
Tanaka K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Shape transition observed in neutron-rich pf-shell isotopes studied
via proton inelastic scattering”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
400c–407c (2008).
� Breakup
Sekiguchi K.: “Three Nucleon Force Study via dp
Reactions at Intermediate Energies”, Nucl. Phys. A
805, 452–454 (2008).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Itoh Y., Itoh M., Iwasaki H.,
Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsuo R., Nakao
T., Okamura H., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., SasamotoY., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Shinohara M.,
Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii A., Yako K.,
and Yamaguchi M.: “Spin-orbit potential in 6 He studied with polarized proton target”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
467–469 (2008).
Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Ong H., Imai N., Sakurai H., Nakao
T., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa Y., Ishihara
M., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S., SuzukiM., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Lifetime measurements of excited states in 17 C: Possible
interplay between collectivity and halo eﬀects”, Phys.
Lett. B 666, 222–227 (2008).
Yamada T., Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “Criterion for Bose-Einstein condensation in traps and self-bound systems”, Phys. Rev. A
78, 035603-1–035603-4 (2008).
Dang N. D. and Nguyen H. Q.: “Pairing within the selfconsistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation at
ﬁnite temperature”, Phys. Rev. C 77, No. 6, pp.
064315-1–064315-14 (2008).
Zegers R. G., Brown E. F., Akimune H., Austin S.
M., van den Berg A. M., Brown B. A., Chamulak D.
A., Fujita Y., Fujiwara M., Gales S., Harakeh M.
N., Hashimoto H., Hayami R., Hitt G. W., Itoh M.,
Kawabata T., Kawase K., Kinoshita M., Nakanishi K.,
Nakayama S., Okumura S., Shimbara Y., Uchida M.,
Ueno H., Yamagata T., and Yosoi M.: “Gamow-Teller
strength for the analog transitions to the ﬁrst T = 1/2,J π = 3/2− states in 13 C and 13 N and the implications

6- 424 -

for type Ia supernovae”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 024307-1–
024307-10 (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Becker F., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kimura K., KubokiT., Mandel S., Matsuo M., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M.,
Sitar B., Strmen P., Suda T., Suemmerer K., Sugawara
K., Szarka I., Takechi M., Takisawa A., Tanaka K.,
and Yamagami M.: “Nuclear matter radii of neutrondeﬁcient Kr isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315-1–
034315-6 (2008).
Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P., Suzuki A.,
and Yamada T.: “Density-induced suppression of the αparticle condensate in nuclear matter and the structureof α cluster states in nuclei”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 0643121–064312-6 (2008).
Furumoto T., Sakuragi H., and Yamamoto Y.: “New complex G-matrix interactions derived from two-and threebody forces and application to proton nucleus elastic
scattering”, Phys. Rev. C 78, No. 4, pp. 044610-1–
044610-12 (2008).
Nguyen H. Q. and Dang N. D.: “Pairing in hot rotating
nuclei”, Phys. Rev. C 78, No. 6, pp. 064315-1–06431513 (2008).
Ong H., Imai N., Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Sakurai H., OnishiT., Suzuki M., Ota S., Takeuchi S., Nakao T., ToganoY., Kondo Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa
Y., Ishihara M., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Lifetime measurements of ﬁrst excited states in 16,18 C”,
Phys. Rev. C 78, 014308-1–014308-11 (2008).
Wakasugi M., Emoto T., Furukawa Y., Ishii K., Ito
S., Koseki T., Kurita K., Kuwajima A., Masuda T.,
Morikawa A., Nakamura M., Noda A., Ohnishi T., ShiraiT., Suda T., Takeda H., Tamae T., Tongu H., Wang S.,
and Yano Y.: “Novel Internal Target for Electron Scattering oﬀ Unstable Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
164801-1–164801-4 (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P.,
and Suzuki A.: “α-particle condensation in 16 O studied
with a full four-body orthogonality condition model calculation”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 082502-1–082502-4(2008).
Nakatsukasa T.,
Matsuo M.,
Matuyanagi K.,
and Hinohara N.: “Microscopic derivation of collective
Hamiltonian by means of the adiabatic self-consistentcollective coordinate method”, Prog. Theor. Phys.
119, No. 1, pp. 59–101 (2008).
Yamada T., Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Ikeda K., and Suzuki
A.: “Monopole Excitation to Cluster States”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. 120, 1139–1167 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aiba T., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Bemmerer D., Brown B., Furumoto T., Fulop Z., Iwasa
N., Kiss A. B., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Motobayashi
T., Nakabayashi T., Nannichi T., Sakuragi H., Sakurai

H., Sohler D., Takashina M., Takeuchi S., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., Yamada K., Yamaguchi M., and Yoneda K.:“Persistent decoupling of valence neutrons toward thedripline:study of 20 C by γ spectroscopy”, Phys. Rev. C
79, 011302-1–011302-5 (2009).
Furumoto T., Sakuragi H., and Yamamoto Y.: “Threebody-force eﬀect on nucleus-nucleus elastic scattering”,
Phys. Rev. C 79, 011601-1–011601-4 (2009).
Aoi N., Takeshita E., Suzuki H., Takeuchi S., Ota S., Baba
H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong H., Ideguchi
E., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Kusaka K., MinemuraT., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Nakao T., Niikura M., Okumura T., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Tamaki
M., Tanaka K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Development of Large Deformation in 62 Cr”, Phys. Rev. Lett.
102, 012502-1–012502-4 (2009).
(Review)
Motobayashi T.: “Recent spectroscopic studies on lightneutron-rich nuclei with fast exotic beams”, AIP Conf.
Proc. 802, 89–94 (2005).
Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P., Suzuki A.,
and Yamada T.: “Alpha particle condensation in nuclear systems”, Nucl. Phys. News 17, No. 4, pp. 11–18(2007).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for precision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
Yamada T., Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Tohsaki A., RoepkeG., and Schuck P.: “Dilute Alpha-Particle Condensationin 12 C and 16 O”, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 22, No. 25/26,
pp. 4545–4556 (2008).
Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Ikeda K., Funaki Y., and Suzuki
A.: “Monopole excitation to cluster states”, J. Phys.:Con. Ser. 111, 012008-1–012014-6 (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “Alpha-cluster states and 4 alphaparticle Bose condensate in 16 O”, J. Phys.: Con. Ser.
111, 012012-1–012018-6 (2008).
Murata J., Akiyama T., Hata M., Hirayama Y., Ikeda
Y., Ishii T., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Mitsuoka
S., Miyatake H., Nagae D., Ninomiya K., Nitta M.,
Seitaibashi E., and Toyoda T.: “R&D for a test of time
reversal symmetry experiment using polarized nuclei”,
JAEA-Review 2008-054, 58–59 (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “Indication of 4α-particle Bose condensate in 16 O”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 236–238 (2008).
[Book
Proc.][
・Proceedings]

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(Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Sekiguchi K.: “Results of Three Nucleon Experimentsfrom RIKEN”, Proc. 5th International Workshop on
Chiral Dynamics, Theory and Experiment (CHIRALDYNAMICS 2006), Durham/Chatel Hill, USA, 2006–9,
World Scientifoc, New Jersey, pp. 357–358 (2006).
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., YoshidaK., Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New
DAQ System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Dresden, Germany,
2008–10, IEEE, Dresden, pp. 1384–1386 (2008).
Nguyen H. Q. and Dang N. D.: “Self-consistent quasiparticle RPA for multilevel pairing model”, Proceedings of the 9th International Spring Seminar on Nuclear
Physics, Vico Equense, Italy, 2007–5, World Scientiﬁc,
Singapore, pp. 503–510 (2008).
(Review)
Motobayashi T.: “Future nuclear physics in Japan”, Proceedings of the Memorial Symposium in Honor of D.
Allan Bromley, World Scientiﬁc, Singapore, pp. 183–191(2006).
Motobayashi T.: “RIKEN RI Beam Factory”, Proceedingsof the Fourth International Conference on Fission andProperties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei, Sanibel Island, USA,
2007–11, World Scientiﬁc Publishing Co., Pte. Ltd, Singapore, pp. 145–154 (2008).
(Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Motobayashi T.: “Recent experimental studies of nuclear
astrophysics”, Exotic Nuclei and Nuclear/Particle Astrophysics : Proceedings of the Carpathian Summer
School of Physics 2005, Constanta, Romania, 2005–6,
World Scientiﬁc, Singapore, pp. 297–306 (2006).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto

A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Schuck P., Horiuchi H., Suzuki A.,
and Roepke G.: “α-cluster states and 4α-particle condensation in 16 O”, Physics of Unstable Nuclei: Proccedings of International Symposium on Physics of Unstable Nuclei (ISPUN07), Hoi An, Vietnam, 2007–7, World
Scientiﬁc, Singapore, pp. 380–385 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Sugimoto S., Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Miura M., Kondo
Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D. P., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Kobayashi T., Kubo T.,
Motobayashi T., Shinohara M., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., A.M. V., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y.,
T. Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.:“Breakup Reactions of Halo Nuclei”, 1st Tokyo Tech
Physics COE Symposium on Spin and Quantum Structure in Hadrons, Nuclei and Atoms (SQS04), Tokyo,
Feb. (2004).
Korsheninnikov A. A.: “Recent Experimental Studies of
Exotic Nuclei”, Workshop on Spectroscopic Factors,(European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear
Physics and Related Areas), Trento, Italy, Mar. (2004).
Korsheninnikov A. A.: “Trends in Experimental Studies of
Exotic Nuclei”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2004), (Chalmers University of Technology
and Goteborgs University), Goteborg, Sweden, June–
July (2004).
Kobayashi M.,
Nakatsukasa T.,
Matsuo M.,
and Matuyanagi K.:“Collective path connecting
the oblate and prolate local minima in proton-rich N=Z
nuclei around 68Se”, 4th International Conference on
Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM 04), Georgia,
USA, Sept. (2004).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line from mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa
K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi

8- 426 -

T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Motobayashi T.: “Perspective of ”DREB” studies in RI
Beam Factory”, Direct Reactions with Exotic Beams(DREB2005), (Michigan State University), East Lansing, USA, June (2005).
Motobayashi T.: “Recent developments and future perspective of nuclear structure and nuclear astrophysics
studies with fast exotic beams at RIKEN”, NSCL
User Workshop 2005, (National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University), Michigan, USA, Aug. (2005).
Sugimoto S., Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Miura M., Kondo
Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D. P., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Kobayashi T., Kubo T.,
Motobayashi T., Shinohara M., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., A.M. V., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y.,
T. Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.:“Invariant-Mass Spectroscopy of 14Be with a Carbon
Target at 68.1 AMeV”, 2nd Joint Meeting of the Nuclear
Physics Divisions of the APS and JPS (Hawaii 2005),
Maui, USA, Sept. (2005).
Yoneda K., Hansen P. G., Bazin D., Brown B. A.,
Campbell C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D. -., Gade A.,
Glasmacher T., Hoagland T. E., Lecouey J. -., Mueller
W. F., Olliver H., Sherrill B. M., Terry J. R., Cottle
P. D., Kemper K. W., Reynolds R. R., Roeder B. T.,
and Tostevin J. A.: “Two-neutron knockout reaction to
ﬁnal levels in the Tz = -2 nuclei 24 Si, 28 S, and 32 Ar”,
2nd Joint Meeting of the Nuclear Physics Divisions of
the APS and JPS (Hawaii 2005), Hawaii, USA, Sept.
(2005).
Motobayashi T.: “Nuclear astrophysics studies using
intermediate-energy exotic beams”, 3rd European Summer School on Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics,(LNS, Catania), Santa Tecla, Sicily, Italy, Oct. (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Tagisi Y., Iizuka T., Aoki Y., Nagatomo
T., Shinba T., Yoshimaru N., Yamato Y., Katabuchi T.,
and Tanifuji M.: “Extraction of fractions of the resonant
component from analyzing powers in 6 Li(d,α)4 He and6Li(d,p0 )7 Li reactions at very low incident energies”, International Symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies (OMEG05): New Horizon of Nuclear
Astrophysics and Cosmology, Tokyo, Nov. (2005).
Sekiguchi K.: “Three Nucleon Force by d� + p”, International Symposium on the 15 Years of Spectrometer
SMART and New Turn to RIBF, Wako, Nov. (2005).
Motobayashi T.: “RI Beam Factory: the upgraded
RIKEN facility for exotic beams”, International Chemical Congress of Paciﬁc Basin Societies (PACIFICHEM
2005), (American Chemical Society, Chemical Society ofJapan and others), Honolulu, USA, Dec. (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi

Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Takashina M.: “Inelastic scattering of light unstable nuclei”, International Workshop on “Nuclear Physics with
RIBF”, Wako, Mar. (2006).
Sakuragi H., Furumoto T., and Murakami E.: “Microscopic optical potential for nucleons and composite projectiles based on complex G-matrix interactions”, International Workshop on “Nuclear Physics with RIBF”,
Wako, Mar. (2006).
Kohama A., Iida K., and Oyamatsu K.: “Reaction crosssection and nuclear radius in the black-sphere picture”, International Workshop on “Nuclear Physics with
RIBF”, Wako, Mar. (2006).
Baba H., Shimoura S., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y.,
Saito A., Ryuto H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kubono S., Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi
T., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Serata M., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K.,
and Yanagisawa Y.: “Isoscalar excitation in 14 O”, 5thInternational Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic
Beams (DREB2007), (DREB2007 Committee), Wako,
May–June (2006).
Baba H., Shimoura S., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Saito
A., Ryuto H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Measurement of isoscalar monopole and dipole
strengths in 14 O”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2006).
Miki K., Yako K., Itoh K., Kawabata T., Kuboki H.,
Maeda Y., Noji S., Sakaguchi S., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Sato Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda
K., Takahashi Y., and Uesaka T.: “Measurement of the2H(d, pn) reaction at 0 dgrees at 270 MeV”, 18th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in
Physics, Santos, Brazil, Aug. (2006).
Sekiguchi K., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Kuboki H., Sasano
M., Takahashi Y., Yako K., Kawabata T., Maeda
Y., Sakaguchi S., Sasamoto Y., Suda K., Uesaka T.,
Okamura H., Itoh K., and Wakasa T.: “Study of Spin� Breakup ReacParts of Three Nucleon Forces via dp
tions at Intermediate Energies”, 18th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, (Instituto de Fisica Teorica), Santos, Brazil, Aug. (2006).

9- 427 -

� Breakup
Sekiguchi K.: “Three Nucleon Force Study via dp
Reactions at Intermediate Energies”, 17th International
Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2006), Kyoto, Oct.
(2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Sekiguchi K.: “Experimental Study on Three Nucleon
Forces via Deuteron–Proton Scattering at RIKEN”,
QCD and Few-Hadron Systems, 380th International
Wilhelm und Else Heraeus Seminar, ( HelmholtzInstitut fuer Strahlen und Kernphysik, UniversitaetBonn), Bad Honnef, Germany, Nov. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Sekiguchi K.: “N d Scattering as a Tool to Study 3N Interactions”, TRIUMF workshop on Three-Nucleon Interactions from Few- to Many-Body Systems, Vancouver, Canada, Mar. (2007).
Furumoto T., Sakuragi H., and Yamamoto Y.: “New complex G-matrix interactions and application to protonnucleus scattering”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams (DREB2007), Wako,
May (2007).
Sakuragi H., Yamamoto T., and Furumoto T.: “Analysis of polarized proton-6He elastic scattering basedon an improved di-neutron model”, 5th International
Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams(DREB2007), Wako, May–June (2007).
Iida K.: “Black sphere approach to proton elastic scattering and reaction cross section”, 5th International
Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams(DREB2007), Wako, May–June (2007).
Maenaka Y., Furumoto T., and Sakuragi H.: “Coupledchannels study of 10Be+α structure of highly-excited
14C”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction
with Exotic Beams (DREB2007), Wako, May–June(2007).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,

and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopy of
13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactionsof 14Be”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams (DREB2007), Wako, May–June(2007).
Kanno S., Aoi N., Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher
T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Mueller W. F., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Suzuki H.,
Takeuchi S., Terry J. R., Yoneda K., and Zwahlen H.:“Weakening of Z=28 shell closure in 74 Ni”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams(DREB2007), (RIKEN Nishina Center, Kyushu University, Center for Nuclear Study (University of Tokyo)),wako, May–June (2007).
Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Yoshitake M., Hashizume Y.,
Kanazawa M., Kitagawa a., Kobayashi K., Moriguchi T.,
Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Sato S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi
Y., Yasuda Y., and Yamaguchi T.: “Development of atime-of-ﬂight detector for rare-RI ring project at RIKEN
RIBF”, 15th International Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators and Techniques Related to their
Applications (EMIS2007), (GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS ,DSM/CEA), Deauville, France, June (2007).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Takeuchi S., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukui T., hashimoto ., Ieki
K., Imai K., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Kurita K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki
H., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Tamaki M., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Collectivity in 32 Mg : astudy of low-lying states”, International Nuclear Physics
Conference (INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2007).
Furukawa T., Matsuo Y., Hatakeyama A., Ito T., Fujikake
K., Kobayashi T., and Shimoda T.: “Hyperﬁne structure of 85,87 Rb and 133 Cs atoms in superﬂuid helium”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),Tokyo, June (2007).
Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto
A., Kikuchi T., Igarashi S., Komatsubara T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi K., Yamaguchi T., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y.,
and Yasuda Y.: “Mass measurements by isochronous
storage ring in RI beam factory”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (RIKEN and others),
Tokyo, June (2007).

10- 428 -Nagatomo T., Matsuta K., Minamisono K., Levy C. D.,
Sumikama T., Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura
M., Matsumiya R., Fukuda M., Yamaguchi M., Behr J.
A., Jackson K. P., Yasuno T., Ohta H., Hashizume Y.,
Fujiwara H., Chiba A., and Minamisono T.: “Search for
the G parity violating term in weak nucleon currents
in mass 20 system”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council of Japan, RIKEN
and others), Tokyo, June (2007).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Onishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Yamada K., Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.:“The lifetime measurement of the ﬁrst 2+ state in 12 Be”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),Tokyo, June (2007).
Sekiguchi K., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Kuboki T., Sasano
M., Takahashi Y., Yako K., Kawabata T., Maeda
Y., Sakaguchi S., Sasamoto Y., Suda K., Uesaka T.,
Okamura H., Itoh K., and Wakasa T.: “Three Nucleon
� Breakup Reactions at IntermediForce Study via dp
ate Energies”, International Nuclear Physics Conference(INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2007).
Kanno S., Aoi N., Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher
T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Mueller W. F., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Suzuki H.,
Takeuchi S., Terry J. R., Yoneda K., and Zwahlen H.:“Weakening of Z=28 shell closure in 74 Ni”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Wako, June(2007).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
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14C”, International Workshop on Nuclear Structure:
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Furukawa T., Matsuo Y., Hatakeyama A., Ito T., Fujikake

K., Sasaki A., Kobayashi T., and Shimoda T.: “Laser
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Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura M., Matsumiya
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Spin Aligned 20 F Nuclei”, 14th International Conference on Hyperﬁne Interactions and 18th International
Symposium on Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions, (Universidad Nacional de La Plata/Instituto de Fisica de La
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Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
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Nakatsukasa T., Inakura T., and Yabana K.: “Nuclear response function calculated with the timedependent Skyrme density functional”, 3rd JapaneseGerman Workshop on Nuclear Structure and Astrophysics, (GSI), Chiemsee, Germany, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
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Yakushiji T., Togano Y., Kawai S., Hasegawa H., Onishi

11- 429 -

T., Ong H., Shimoura S., Tamaki M., Saito A., Bazin
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Sakuragi H., Furumoto T., and Yamamoto Y.: “Microscopic optical potentials for nucleon-nucleus (NA) and nucleus-nucleus (A-A) systems-important roleof three-body force-”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPENEFES Workshop & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF

Meeting, Nanae-cho, Hokkaido Pref., July (2008).
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Matsuo Y., Nishimura M., Kobayashi T., Motobayashi
T., Hayashizaki Y., and Kawai J.: “Dependence of
Monoatomic Ion Production Rate using Femtosecond
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for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
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Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
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Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “α-particle condensed state in 16 O”,
Japanese French Symposium :New paradigms in Nuclear
Physics, Paris, France, Sept.–Oct. (2008).
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Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New DAQ
System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and 16th Room
Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop, Dresden, Germany, Oct. (2008).
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Physics, Yokohama, Oct. (2008).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi

12- 430 -

N., Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y.,
Ishihara M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T.,
Matsuda Y., Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Ogata K., Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto
T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Invariant-mass spectroscopy of neutron-rich Be isotopes”, Unbound Nuclei Workshop, (INFN), Pisa, Italy,
Nov. (2008).
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Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara
M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y.,
Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Ogata K.,
Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Breakup
reactions of 14Be”, International Conference on Interfacing Structure and Reactions at the Centre of theAtom (Kernz08), (Livermore and University of Surrey),
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Furumoto T., Sakuragi H., and Yamamoto Y.: “Importance of three-body forces for nucleus-nucleus scattering”, International Conference on Interfacing Structure
and Reactions at the Centre of the Atom (Kernz08),
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,
,
,
,
, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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, Suzuki M.,
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,
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V.,, T. Y.,,,,,: “ 17B(2) ”,
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”,
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,(
),
,3
(2003).
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”,
2002
,(
),
, 5 (2003).
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Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
, Suzuki M.,
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,
,
,
,
,
: “Anomalously long lifetime of 2+1 state of 16 C”,

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,
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,
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”,
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,
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,
,
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,
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,
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,
,
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COE
1
,
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DALI-2(160
NaI array)”,
γ
,(
),
, 12
(2004).
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NaI(Tl)”,,, 5 (2005).
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,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
,
,
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
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,(
),
, 9 (2005).
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,
,
,
,
,
,
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,(
),
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(2005).
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki
,
,
,
,
,
M.,

13

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,: “Experimental ﬁnding of the anomalous
quadrupole collectivity in unstable nucleus 16 C”,
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, (
),
, 9
(2005).
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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, Suzuki M.,
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,
,
,
,
,
: “Lifetime measurement of 12Be(2+1 )”,
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,(
),
,9
(2005).
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/
,
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),
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,
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G
I”,
,
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,
,
,
,
,

,
,

,

,

,

,

,
,

,
: “

”,
,
,
,

,
,

R
,3
,

(2007).
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,

,
,

,
,

,

,
,
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,
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,3
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,
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G
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,
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”, 4 PHITS“RIBF BigRIPS,(),,2(2008).
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,
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,
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,
,
: “
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
,
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,
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,
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “18,19C“

14- 432 -

”,
,3
,

63

(2008).
,,(2008).
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,
,
: “

,
,
Detector
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,

: “
63

,

,

,

,
,

,

,
,
,
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63,(

CYRIC),,5(2008).
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RI”,

CYRIC),, 5 (2008).
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,
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,
,
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,

”OROCHI””, 5,,,In, 6 (2008).
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,
”,
,

5
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AMO

,
,

,
,

,
,

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,6
,

,

(2008).
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: “
”,
,

5

AMO

,

AMO
,

,
: “

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,6
,

(2008).
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:

“
P-LIF
6

,

”,

5

AMO

,

,

(2008).

,

,

: “

,

,
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/
,8

(2008).
,
,
,

,
,

,

,
,

,

5

,
,

,

,
RIBF

,
,
,

,

,
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,

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,

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33

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,
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,
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IV”,
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+8 B
8
7
B, 7 Be+p
Be
”,
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,
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r
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RI
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,(
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(2008).
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),
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),
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,
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,

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(2008).
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(2008).
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Radioactive
RNC Isotope Physics Laboratory[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Otsu H., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Kitayama M.,
Inafuku K., Ozawa A., Satou Y., Suda T., Yoshida K.,
and Sakaguchi H.: “Measurement of the H(38s,p’) reaction at forward angles including 0 degree”, Nucl. Phys.
A 788, 266c–270c (1997).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Kobayashi T., Otsu H., Aoi N.,
Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani M.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T., Watanabe Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of
Halo Nuclei”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp.
462–466 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Matsuyama Y., Motobayashi T., Shimoura S., Minemura
T., Saito A., Baba H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., AndoY., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Sakurai H.,
Serata M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Teranishi T., Ue
K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Inelastic Scattering of 12 Be with 4 He”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No.
146, pp. 593–594 (2002).
Ideguchi E., Cederwall B., undeﬁned u. u., Gono Y., Y.F.
Y., Teranishi T., Aoi N., D. B., and Kishida T.: “Measurement of Depth of Interaction in a Segmented Planar
Ge Detector”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A
496, 373–384 (2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami

H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Inakura T., Mizutori S., Yamagami M., and Matuyanagi
K.: “Superdeformed Bands in Neutron-Rich Sulfur Isotopes suggested by Cranked Skyrme-Hartree-Fock Calculations”, Nucl. Phys. A 728, 52–64 (2003).
Shimoura S., Saito A., Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba
H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K.,
Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S.,
Kunibu M., Michimasa S., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
Ishihara M., and Itagaki N.: “Isomeric 0+ state in
12Be”, Phys. Lett. B 560, 31–36 (2003).
Takashina M., Ito M., Kudo Y., Okabe S., and Sakuragi
H.:“12 C+12 C→8 Beg.s. +16 Og.s. resonance reaction
around Ec.m. =32.5 MeV”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 0146091–014609-6 (2003).
Iwasa N., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Akiyoshi H., AndoY., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Iwasaki H., Kubo
T., Kubono S., Kinugawa H., Kumagai H., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami H., Sagara K.,
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Yanagisawa Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “In-beam γ spectroscopy of34
Si with deuteron inelastic scattering using reverse kinematics”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 064315-1–064315-4 (2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction using the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).
Ueno H., Asahi K., Ogawa H., Kameda D., Miyoshi H.,
Yoshimi A., Watanabe H., Shimada K., Sato W., Yoneda
K., Imai N., Kobayashi Y., Ishihara M., and Wolf-Dieter
S.: “Measurement of nuclear moments in the region oflight neutron-rich nuclei”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 211–215(2004).
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Motobayashi T.,
Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba H., Akiyoshi H.,
Ando Y., Aoi N., Fulop Z., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Hirai M., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,

1- 435 -

Iwata Y., Kanno S., Kobayashi H., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Michimasa S., Nakamura
T., Ozawa A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Ishihara M.: “Molecular states in neutron-richberyllium isotopes”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 337–341(2004).
Takashina M., Ito M., kudo Y., Okabe S., and Sakuragi
H.: “12 C+12 C→8 Beg.s. +16 Og.s. resonance reaction andmulti-cluster states of highly-excited 24 Mg nucleus”,
Nucl. Phys. A 738, 352–356 (2004).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Aoi N., Imai N., Ishihara M.,
Kobayashi T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani
M., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T.,
Watanabe Y., and Yoneda K.: “Coulomb and nuclear
breakup of a halo nucleus 11 Be”, Phys. Rev. C 70,
054606-1–054606-12 (2004).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Ohnishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takechi M., Tamaki M.,
Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Anoma+
16
C”,
lously hindered E2 Strength B(E2; 2+
1 → 0 ) in
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, No. 6, pp. 062501-1–062501-4(2004).
Takechi M., Fukuda M., Mihara M., Chinda T.,
Matsumasa T., Matsubara H., Nakashima Y., Matsuta
K., Minamisono T., Koyama R., Shinosaki W.,
Takahashi M., Takisawa A., Ohtsubo T., Suzuki T.,
Momota S., Hatanaka K., Suda T., Sasaki M., Sato S.,
and Kitagawa A.: “Reaction cross-sections for stable nuclei and nucleon density distribution of proton drip-line
nucleus 8B”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 217–219(2005).
Hatano M., Sakai H., Wakui T., Uesaka T., Aoi N.,
Ichikawa Y., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Iwasaki H., KawabataT., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Ohnishi T.,
Ohnishi T., Saito T., Sakamoto N., Sasano M., SatouY., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yako K.: “First experiment of 6He with a polarized proton target”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp.
255–258 (2005).
Kannungo R., Chiba M., Abu-Ibrahim B., Adhikari S.,
Fang D., Iwasa N., Kimura K., Maeda K., Nishimura S.,
Ohnishi T., Ozawa A., Samanta C., Suda T., Suzuki T.,
Wang Q., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y., Yamada K., YoshidaA., Zheng T., and Tanihata I.: “A new view to the structure of 19C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 261–262(2005).
Yamada K., Motobayashi T., Aoi N., Baba H., Demichi K.,
Elekes Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Imai N.,

Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Notani M., OnishiT., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Togano Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Tanihata
I.: “Reduced transition probabilities for the ﬁrst 2+ excited state in 46 Cr, 50 Fe, and 54 Ni”, Eur. Phys. J. A
25, No. s01, pp. 409–413 (2005).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takechi
M., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Low-lying
excited states in 17,19C”, Phys. Lett. B 614, 174–180(2005).
Iwasaki H., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Gomi
T., Aoi N., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., Futakami U., Gacsi
Z., Higurashi Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Kunibu M., Kubo
T., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Minemura T., Saito A., Serata
M., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Watanabe Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Ishihara M.: “Quadrupole collectivity of 28 Ne and the boundary of the island of inversion”,
Phys. Lett. B 620, 118–124 (2005).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi2- 436 -

S., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Decoupling of valence neutrons from the core in 17 B”, Phys.
Lett. B 621, 81–88 (2005).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Kobayashi T., Kubo T., Miura M., Motobayashi
T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugimoto T.,
Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., Yakushiji T., Yanagisawa
Y., and Yoneda K.: “In-beam γ-ray spectroscopy of theneutron-rich boron isotopes 15,17 B via inelastic scattering on 12 C”, Phys. Rev. C 71, 044611-1–044611-9(2005).
Onishi T., Gelberg A., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Aoi N., ImaiN., Baba H., Von Brentano P., Fukuda N., Ichikawa
Y., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kameda D., Kishida T.,
Lisetskiy A., Ong H., Osada M., Ohtsuka T., Suzuki M.,
Ue K., Utsuno Y., and Watanabe H.: “Gamow-Teller
decay of the T = 1 nucleus 46 Cr”, Phys. Rev. C 72,
No. 2, pp. 024308-1–024308-7 (2005).
Ong H., Imai N., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Dombradi Z., Saito
A., Elekes Z., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., GibelinJ., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kawai S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T.,
Notani M., Ota S., Sakai H., Shimoura S., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Inelastic proton scattering on 16 C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 347–
348 (2006).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissociation of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Bishop S., Fulop Z., Gibelin J.,
Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kalinka G., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A. A., Kurita K.,
Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Nakao T., Nikolski E. Y., Ohnishi T., Okumura T.,
Ota S., Perera P., Saito A., Sakurai H., Satou Y., Sohler
D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Takeda H.,
Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Testingof the RIKEN-ATOMKI CsI(Tl) array in the study of
22,23O
nuclear structure”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01,
pp. 321–324 (2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,

Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Proton inelastic scattering studies atthe borders of the “island of inversion”: The 30,31 Na
and 33,34 Mg case”, Phys. Rev. C 73, 044314-1–0443145 (2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aoi N., Bishop S., Fulop Z.,
Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Iwasa N.,
Iwasaki H., Kalinka G., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A.
A., Kurita K., Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Motobayashi
T., Nakamura T., Nakao T., Nikolski E. Y., Ohnishi T.,
Okumura T., Ota S., Perera P., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Satou Y., Sohler D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., SuzukiM., Takeda H., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Search for neutron decoupling in 22 O via the (d,d’γ) reaction”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 017306-1–017306-3(2006).
Yamaguchi T., Ohnishi T., Suzuki T., Becker T., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kelic A., Kimura K.,
Mandel S., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima S., Ohtsubo T.,
Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M., Sitar B., Strmen P.,
Suda T., Summerer K., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takechi
M., Takisawa A., and Tanaka K.: “Production cross sections of isotopes formed by fragmentation of similar to
1A (GeVKr)-Kr-80 beam”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 0446081–044608-5 (2006).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Vanishing N = 20 Shell Gap: Studyof Excited States in 27,28 Ne”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96,
182501-1–182501-4 (2006).

3- 437 -

Nakamura T., Vinodkumar A., Sugimoto T., Aoi N., Baba
H., Bazin D. P., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Imai N., Ishihara M., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Miura M., Motobayashi T., Otsu H., Saito A., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., YakushijiT., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Observation ofStrong Low-Lying E1 Strength in the Two-Neutron Halo
Nucleus 11 Li”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 252502-1–252502-4(2006).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Kameda D., Asahi K., Nagae D.,
Takemura M., Shimada K., Takase K., Sugimoto T.,
Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Murata J., and Kawamura
H.: “Electric quadrupole moments of neutron rich Al
isotope”, AIP Conf. Proc. 912, 105–109 (2007).
Murata J., Asahi K., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Nagae
D., Narota K., Shimada K., Shimoyama T., ShuehiroT., Toyoda T., Uchida M., Ueno H., and Yoshimi A.:“Beta Neutrino Correlation and T-Violation Experimentin Nuclear Beta Decay”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, No. 1,
pp. 218–221 (2007).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Ichikawa Y., Itoh Y., ItohM., Iwasaki H., Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,
Matsuo R., Nakao T., Okamura H., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K.,
Shinohara M., Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii
A., Yako K., and Yamaguchi M.: “Analyzing Power
Measurement for Elastic Scattering of 6 He on polarized
protons”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 833–836 (2007).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Sugimoto T., Shimada K., Nagae
D., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kameda D., and Asahi
K.: “Developments of atomic beam resonance methodwith RI beams”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 849–852 (2007).
Kawamura H., Kameda D., Murata J., Narota K.,
Shimoyama T., Suehiro T., Toyoda T., and Uchida M.:“Development of a New Drift Chamber based Mott Polarimeter”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 1105–1108 (2007).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J. D., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa
Y., and Yoneda K.: “Study of N =20 shell gap with1
H(28 Ne,27,28 Ne) reactions”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 150, 99–102 (2007).
Shimada K., Nagae D., Asahi K., Inoue T., Takase K.,
Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., Kobayashi Y., Ueno H.,
Yoshimi A., Kameda D., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T.,
Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa
S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Production of spin-polarized 17 N beam sing inverse-kinematics low-energy
ransfer reactions”, Hyperﬁne Interact. 180, 43–47(2007).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Nummerer S.,
Becker F., Fukuda M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janike
R., Kimura K., Mandal S., Munzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Orochazka A., Shindo M.,
Strmen P., Suda T., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takisawa
A., Takechi M., and Tanaka K.: “Nuclear radii ofneutron-deﬁcient Kr isotopes studied via their interaction cross-sections at relativistic energies”, Nucl. Phys.
A 787, 471c–475c (2007).
Wakasa T., Ihara E., Fujita ., Funaki Y., Hatanaka K.,
Horiuchi H., Itoh M., Kamiya ., Roepke G., Sakaguchi
H., Sakamoto ., Sakemi ., Schuck P., Shimizu Y.,
Takashina M., Terashima S., Suzuki A., Uchida M.,
Yoshida ., and Yosoi .: “New candidate for an alphacluster condensed state in 16 O (α, α� ) at 400 MeV”,
Phys. Lett. B 653, 173–177 (2007).
Fang D., Guo W., Ma. C., Wang K., Yang T., Ma. Y., Cai
X., Shen W., Ren Z., Sun Z., Chen J., Tian W., Zhong
C., Hosoi M., Izumikawa T., Kanungo R., Nakajima S.,
Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Suda T., Sugawara
K., Suzuki T., Takisawa A., Tanaka K., Yamaguchi T.,
and Tanihata I.: “Examining the exotic structure of the
proton-rich nucleus 23Al”, Phys. Rev. C 76, 031601-1–
031601-5 (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized radioactive ion beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, AIP Conf. Proc. 980, 283–288 (2008).
Kameda D., Asahi K., Ueno H., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Shimada K., Yoshimi A., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
180, 61–64 (2008).
Yoshimi A., Inoue T., Uchida M., Hatakeyama N.,
and Asahi K.: “Optical-coupling nuclear spin maser under highly stabilized low static ﬁeld”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
181, 111–114 (2008).
Sugimoto T., Asahi K., Kawamura H., Murata J., Nagae
D., Shimada K., Ueno H., and Yoshimi A.: “Development of atomic-beam resonance method to measure thenuclear moments of unstable nuclei”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
181, 141–144 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasa N.,
Iwasaki H., Kalinka G., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kishida4- 438 -

T., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A. A., Kubo T., Kurita
K., Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa
S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao
T., Nikolski E. Y., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Okumura
T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Perera P., Saito A.,
Sakai H., Sakurai H., Satou Y., Shimoura S., Sohler
D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Takeda H.,
Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “The studyof shell closures in light neutron-rich nuclei”, J. Phys. G
35, 014038-1–014038-7 (2008).
Sato W., Ueno H., Watanabe H., Miyoshi H., Yoshimi A.,
Kameda D., Ito T., Shimada K., Kaihara J., Suda S.,
Kobayashi Y., Shinohara A., Ohkubo Y., and Asahi K.:“Temperature-dependent behavior of impurity atoms
implanted in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite –An application of a new online TDPAC method–”, J. Phys.
Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 9, pp. 095001-1–095001-2 (2008).
Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi K.,
Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K., Nagatomo T.,
Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S., HatakeyamaN., Murata J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric
quadrupole moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4612–4615 (2008).
Ueno H., Nagae D., Kameda D., Asahi K., Takemura
M., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Murata
J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric quadrupole
moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 329–331 (2008).
Aoi N., Suzuki H., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ota S., Baba
H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong H., Ideguchi
E., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo
Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Kusaka K., Minemura T.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao
T., Niikura M., Okumura T., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Tamaki M.,
Tanaka K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Shape transition observed in neutron-rich pf-shell isotopes studied
via proton inelastic scattering”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
400c–407c (2008).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Itoh Y., Itoh M., Iwasaki H.,
Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsuo R., Nakao
T., Okamura H., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., SasamotoY., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Shinohara M.,
Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii A., Yako K.,
and Yamaguchi M.: “Spin-orbit potential in 6 He studied with polarized proton target”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
467–469 (2008).
Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Ong H., Imai N., Sakurai H., Nakao
T., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa Y., Ishihara
M., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S., SuzukiM., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Life-

time measurements of excited states in 17 C: Possible
interplay between collectivity and halo eﬀects”, Phys.
Lett. B 666, 222–227 (2008).
Mizuno T., Tsuchida H., Majima T., Nakai Y., and ItohA.: “Multiple ionization of C60 by fast Siq+ ions”, Phys.
Rev. A 78, No. 5, pp. 053202-1–053202-6 (2008).
Zegers R. G., Brown E. F., Akimune H., Austin S.
M., van den Berg A. M., Brown B. A., Chamulak D.
A., Fujita Y., Fujiwara M., Gales S., Harakeh M.
N., Hashimoto H., Hayami R., Hitt G. W., Itoh M.,
Kawabata T., Kawase K., Kinoshita M., Nakanishi K.,
Nakayama S., Okumura S., Shimbara Y., Uchida M.,
Ueno H., Yamagata T., and Yosoi M.: “Gamow-Teller
strength for the analog transitions to the ﬁrst T = 1/2,J π = 3/2− states in 13 C and 13 N and the implications
for type Ia supernovae”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 024307-1–
024307-10 (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Becker F., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kimura K., KubokiT., Mandel S., Matsuo M., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M.,
Sitar B., Strmen P., Suda T., Suemmerer K., Sugawara
K., Szarka I., Takechi M., Takisawa A., Tanaka K.,
and Yamagami M.: “Nuclear matter radii of neutrondeﬁcient Kr isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315-1–
034315-6 (2008).
Ong H., Imai N., Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Sakurai H., OnishiT., Suzuki M., Ota S., Takeuchi S., Nakao T., ToganoY., Kondo Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa
Y., Ishihara M., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Lifetime measurements of ﬁrst excited states in 16,18 C”,
Phys. Rev. C 78, 014308-1–014308-11 (2008).
Wakasugi M., Emoto T., Furukawa Y., Ishii K., Ito
S., Koseki T., Kurita K., Kuwajima A., Masuda T.,
Morikawa A., Nakamura M., Noda A., Ohnishi T., ShiraiT., Suda T., Takeda H., Tamae T., Tongu H., Wang S.,
and Yano Y.: “Novel Internal Target for Electron Scattering oﬀ Unstable Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
164801-1–164801-4 (2008).
Ito M., Itagaki N., Sakurai H., and Ikeda K.: “Coexistenceof covalent superdeformation and molecular resonancesin an unboud region of 12 Be”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
182502-1–182502-4 (2008).
Nakai Y., Nakano Y., Azuma T., Hatakeyama A., Kondo
C., Komaki K., Yamazaki Y., Takada E., and Murakami
T.: “Dressed atoms in ﬂight through a periodic crystal
ﬁeld: X-VUV double resonance”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101,
No. 11, pp. 113201-1–113201-4 (2008).
Nakatsukasa T.,
Matsuo M.,
Matuyanagi K.,
and Hinohara N.: “Microscopic derivation of collective
Hamiltonian by means of the adiabatic self-consistentcollective coordinate method”, Prog. Theor. Phys.
119, No. 1, pp. 59–101 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aiba T., Aoi N., Baba H.,

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Bemmerer D., Brown B., Furumoto T., Fulop Z., Iwasa
N., Kiss A. B., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Motobayashi
T., Nakabayashi T., Nannichi T., Sakuragi H., Sakurai
H., Sohler D., Takashina M., Takeuchi S., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., Yamada K., Yamaguchi M., and Yoneda K.:“Persistent decoupling of valence neutrons toward thedripline:study of 20 C by γ spectroscopy”, Phys. Rev. C
79, 011302-1–011302-5 (2009).
Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi
K., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S.,
Hatakeyama N., Kawamura H., Narota K., and Murata
J.: “Ground-state electric quadrupole moment of 31 Al”,
Phys. Rev. C 79, 027301-1–027301-4 (2009).
Aoi N., Takeshita E., Suzuki H., Takeuchi S., Ota S., Baba
H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong H., Ideguchi
E., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Kusaka K., MinemuraT., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Nakao T., Niikura M., Okumura T., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Tamaki
M., Tanaka K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Development of Large Deformation in 62 Cr”, Phys. Rev. Lett.
102, 012502-1–012502-4 (2009).
(Others)
Murata J., Akiyama T., Hata M., Hirayama Y., Ikeda
Y., Ishii T., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Mitsuoka
S., Miyatake H., Nagae D., Ninomiya K., Nitta M.,
Seitaibashi E., and Toyoda T.: “R&D for a test of time
reversal symmetry experiment using polarized nuclei”,
JAEA-Review 2008-054, 58–59 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.][(Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., YoshidaK., Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New
DAQ System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Dresden, Germany,
2008–10, IEEE, Dresden, pp. 1384–1386 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International
Conference
etc.)
(
)
Sugimoto S., Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Miura M., Kondo
Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D. P., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Kobayashi T., Kubo T.,
Motobayashi T., Shinohara M., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., A.M. V., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y.,
T. Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.:“Breakup Reactions of Halo Nuclei”, 1st Tokyo Tech
Physics COE Symposium on Spin and Quantum Structure in Hadrons, Nuclei and Atoms (SQS04), Tokyo,
Feb. (2004).
Sugimoto S., Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Miura M., Kondo
Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D. P., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Kobayashi T., Kubo T.,
Motobayashi T., Shinohara M., Saito A., Sakurai H.,

Shimoura S., A.M. V., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y.,
T. Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.:“Invariant-Mass Spectroscopy of 14Be with a Carbon
Target at 68.1 AMeV”, 2nd Joint Meeting of the Nuclear
Physics Divisions of the APS and JPS (Hawaii 2005),
Maui, USA, Sept. (2005).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopy of
13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactionsof 14Be”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams (DREB2007), Wako, May–June(2007).
Kanno S., Aoi N., Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher
T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Mueller W. F., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Suzuki H.,
Takeuchi S., Terry J. R., Yoneda K., and Zwahlen H.:“Weakening of Z=28 shell closure in 74 Ni”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams(DREB2007), (RIKEN Nishina Center, Kyushu University, Center for Nuclear Study (University of Tokyo)),wako, May–June (2007).
Takeuchi S., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukui T., hashimoto ., Ieki
K., Imai K., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Kurita K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki
H., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Tamaki M., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Collectivity in 32 Mg : astudy of low-lying states”, International Nuclear Physics
Conference (INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2007).
Yoshimi A., Asahi K., Inoue T., Uchida M.,
and Hatakeyama N.:“Optical-coupling nuclear
spin maser and search for an atomic EDM of 129 Xe”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),(Science Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo,
June (2007).
Nagatomo T., Matsuta K., Minamisono K., Levy C. D.,
Sumikama T., Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura
M., Matsumiya R., Fukuda M., Yamaguchi M., Behr J.
A., Jackson K. P., Yasuno T., Ohta H., Hashizume Y.,
Fujiwara H., Chiba A., and Minamisono T.: “Search for
the G parity violating term in weak nucleon currents
in mass 20 system”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council of Japan, RIKEN
and others), Tokyo, June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara

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M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al: Drastic shape transition between 32 Al and 31 Mg”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science
Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June(2007).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Onishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Yamada K., Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.:“The lifetime measurement of the ﬁrst 2+ state in 12 Be”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),Tokyo, June (2007).
Kanno S., Aoi N., Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher
T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Mueller W. F., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Suzuki H.,
Takeuchi S., Terry J. R., Yoneda K., and Zwahlen H.:“Weakening of Z=28 shell closure in 74 Ni”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Wako, June(2007).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., ToganoY., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopyof 13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactions”, International Symposium & School on Frontiers and Perspectives of Nuclear and Hadron Physics(FPNH07), (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tokyo,
June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al”, International Workshop on Nuclear Structure: New Picturesin the Extended Isospin Space (NS07), (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics), Kyoto, June (2007).
Nagatomo T., Matsuta K., Minamisono K., Sumikama T.,
Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura M., Matsumiya
R., Fukuda M., Yamaguchi M., Yasuno T., Ohta H.,
Hashizume Y., Fujiwara H., Chiba A., and MinamisonoT.: “Beta-ray Angular Distribution from Purely Nuclear
Spin Aligned 20 F Nuclei”, 14th International Conference
on Hyperﬁne Interactions and 18th International Symposium on Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions, (Universidad Nacional de La Plata/Instituto de Fisica de La

Plata, CONICET), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, 14th Int. Conf. on
Hyperﬁne Interactions & 18th Int. Symp. on Nuclear
Quadrupole Interactions, ( Universidad Nacional de La
Plata), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized r/a beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, 12th Int. Workshop on Polarized Sources, Targets & Polarimetry, (Brookhaven National Laboratory),
Brookhaven, USA, Sept. (2007).
Nagatomo T., Matsuta K., Minamisono K., Levy C. D.,
Sumikama T., Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura
M., Matsumiya R., Fukuda M., Yamaguchi M., Behr J.
A., Jackson K. P., Yasuno T., Ohta H., Hashizume Y.,
Fujiwara H., Chiba A., and Minamisono T.: “Search for
the G parity violating term in weak nucleon currents
in mass 20 system”, 12th Int. Workshop on Polarized
Sources, Targets & Polarimetry, (Brookhaven National
Laboratory ), Brookhaven, USA, Sept. (2007).
Kondo Y., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Aoi N., Otsu
H., Yanagisawa Y., Fukuda N., Takeuchi S., Ishihara
M., Baba H., Gomi T., Imai N., Kubo T., Yoneda
K., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Sugimoto T., MatsuiN., Attukalathil V. M., Okumura T., Hashimoto Y.,
Nakabayashi T., Shinohara M., Miura M., KobayashiT., Matsuda Y., Endo N., Kitayama M., Watanabe K.,
Yakushiji T., Togano Y., Kawai S., Hasegawa H., OnishiT., Ong H., Shimoura S., Tamaki M., Saito A., Bazin
D. P., and Watanabe Y.: “Breakup reactions of 14Be”,
Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct Reactions
2008, (Michigan State University), East Lansing, USA,
Feb. (2008).
Takeuchi S., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukui T., hashimoto .,Ieki K., Imai K., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y.,
Kubo T., Kurita K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T.,
Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T.,
Ota S., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D.,
Suzuki H., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Tamaki M., Tanaka
K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Low-lying states in32Mg”, Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct
Reactions 2008, East lansing, USA, Feb. (2008).
Nakai Y., Majima T., Mizuno T., Tsuchida H., and ItohA.: “Fragment ion formation of C60 induced bycharge changing collisions of 400keV Au+ ions”, 7thInternational Symposium Swift Heavy Ions in Matter(SHIM2008), (Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1), Lyon,

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France, June (2008).
Mizuno T., Yamada T., Nakai Y., Tsuchida H., and ItohA.: “Ionization and fragmentation of CO molecule induced by charge-changing collisions of 2 MeV Si2+ ions”,
7th International Symposium Swift Heavy Ions in Matter (SHIM2008), (Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1),
Lyon, France, June (2008).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Nagatomo T., Shimada K., Ichikawa
Y., Kameda D., Sugimoto T., Sakurai H., Asahi K.,
Hasama Y., Takemura M., Kijima G., Nagae D., UchidaM., Arai T., Suda S., Takase T., Inoue T., HatakeyamaN., Kagami S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Nuclear electromagnetic moments of neutron-rich Al isotopes”, Nuclear Structure 2008, (Michigan State University, NSCL at MSU), Michigan, USA, June (2008).
Inoue T., Asahi K., Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., UchidaM., and Yoshimi A.: “Nuclear spin maser for 129 Xe
atomic EDM measurment -present status-”, 24th Advanced Studies Institute :Symmetries and Spin (SPINPraha-2008), (Charles University), Praha, Czech, July
(2008).
Kawamura H., Murata J., Toyoda T., Seitaibashi E., Nitta
M., Hata M., Akiyama T., Ikeda Y., Ninomiya K.,
Kameda D., Nagae D., and Hirayama Y.: “The ﬁrst Tviolation experiment at KEK-TRIAC”, 24th Advanced
Studies Institute :Symmetries and Spin (SPIN-Praha2008), (Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics), Praha, Czech, July (2008).
Nakano Y., Metoki K., Takano Y., Hatakeyama A.,
Nakai Y., Azuma T., Komaki K., Yamazaki Y., Takada
E., and Murakami T.: “Selective formation of multiply excited states by resonant coherent excitation”,
14th International Conference on the Physics of Highly
Charged Ions (HCI2008), (The University of ElectroCommunications), Chofu, Sept. (2008).
Mizuno T., Yamada T., Nakai Y., Tsuchida H., and ItohA.: “Structure deformation dynamics of acetylene
molecules following electron loss and capture collisions of
6MeV O4+ ions”, 14th International Conference on the
Physics of Highly Charged Ions (HCI2008), (The University of Electro-Communications), Chofu, Sept. (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yoshimi A., Asahi K., Inoue T., Uchida M., HatakeyamaN., and Kagami S.: “Nuclear spin maser at highly stabilized low magnetic ﬁeld and search for an atomic EDM”,
18th International Symposium on Spin Physics (SPIN2008), (University of Virginia), Charlottesville, USA,

Oct. (2008).
Asahi K.: “Nuclear Structure Studies with Polarized Radioactive Beams”, 18th International Symposium on
Spin Physics (SPIN 2008), (University of Virginia),
Charlottesville, USA, Oct. (2008).
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., Yoshida K.,
Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New DAQ
System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and 16th Room
Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop, Dresden, Germany, Oct. (2008).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi
N., Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y.,
Ishihara M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T.,
Matsuda Y., Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Ogata K., Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto
T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Invariant-mass spectroscopy of neutron-rich Be isotopes”, Unbound Nuclei Workshop, (INFN), Pisa, Italy,
Nov. (2008).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi N.,
Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara
M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y.,
Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Ogata K.,
Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Breakup
reactions of 14Be”, International Conference on Interfacing Structure and Reactions at the Centre of theAtom (Kernz08), (Livermore and University of Surrey),
Queenstown, The Netherlands, Dec. (2008).
((Domestic)Conference),,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
12
16
: “ BeC”,58,, 3 (2003).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Bazin D. P.,,, A.M.
V.,, T. Y.,,,,,: “ 17B(2) ”,
58,, 3 (2003).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,

8- 442 -

,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Anomalously long lifetime of 2+1 state of 16 C”,,
A New Era of Nuclear Structure Physics,
11(2003).
,,,,,,, Bazin D. P.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, A.M. V.,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Invariant-mass spec59,,
troscopy of 13Be”,
3(2004).
,, A.M. V.,,,,,, Bazin D. P.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Invariant-Mass
Spectroscopy of Unbound 11Li, 13Be, and 17B Nuclei”,
21
COE
1
,
,3
(2004).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki
,
,
,
,
,
M.,
,
: “Experimental ﬁnding of the anomalous
quadrupole collectivity in unstable nucleus 16 C”,
2005
, (
),
, 9
(2005).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Lifetime measurement of 12Be(2+1 )”,
2005
,(
),
,9
(2005).
,, Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher,,,, Mueller
T.,,,,, Terry J.
W. F.,
R.,, Zwahlen H.: “Proton core polarization in neutron-rich nucleus 74 Ni”, Workshop on Advance in Physics with ISOL-based/Fragmentation-based, 2 (2008).
RI Beams, (TITECH),
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
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,
,
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,
: “18,19C”,
63,, 3 (2008).

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: “
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Detector,: “63(2008).
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,
Hyblid Photo
63(2008).
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2007

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(2008).
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: “

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2008),(2008).
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: “

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, 6 (2008).
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SINET),(ADVNET2008,7(2008).
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,
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,
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,
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,
,
,
,
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,
,
,
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,
,
: “
RI
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)
Rb
”,
CYRIC
Fundamental Physics using
Atoms, (CYRIC),,8(2008).
,
,
,
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,
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,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
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,
,
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,
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,
,
,
: “18,19C”, RCNP
RCNP
RCNP
,(
),
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(2008).
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: “
OROCHI”, RCNP
RCNP(2008).
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9

- 443 -CYRIC

Fundamental Physics using Atoms
CYRIC),, 8 (2008).
,
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,
,
:
129
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CYRIC
Fundamental Physics using
Atoms , (CYRIC),, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
: “
EDM
129
Xe
”,
2008
,(
),
, 9 (2008).
,,, Balabanski D. L., Daugas
J. M., Depuydt M., De Rydt M., Gaudefroy L., Grevy,,, Morel P., Perrot L.,
S.,
Stodel C., Thomas J. C., Vanderheyolen W., Vermeulen, Neyens G.,: “33 AlN., Vingerhoets P.,
”,
2008
,
),
, 9 (2008).
(
,
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,
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,
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: “
RI
”,
2008
,
, 9 (2008).
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,
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,
: “
OROCHI
”,
2008
,(
),
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “TRIAC
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
,,, Banerjee S. R., Chakrabarti
A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
2008
,
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Levy C. D., Behr J. A., Jackson K. P.,
: “
20
G
”,
2008
,(
),
,9
(2008).
: “
”,
,(
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,9
(2008).
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,
,
:
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(
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, 9 (2008).
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: “TRIAC

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(2008).
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,
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:
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,(
),
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(2009).

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: “TRIAC”,(2009).
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64

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: “NewtonII
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64
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(2009).

”,

10- 444 -

Superheavy
Element Laboratory
RNC[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Guimaraes V., Kubono S., F.C. B., M. H., S.C. J.,
Katayama I., Miyachi T., Nomura T., H.M. T., Fuchi Y.,
H. K., Kato S., Yun C., K. I., Orihara H., Terakawa A.,
Kishida T., Y. P., Hamada S., Hirai M., and Miyatake
H.: “Structure of the Unbound 11 N Nucleus by the (3 He,
6He) Reaction”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 064601-1–064601-8(2003).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takechi
M., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Low-lying
excited states in 17,19C”, Phys. Lett. B 614, 174–180(2005).
Nakamura T., Vinodkumar A., Sugimoto T., Aoi N., Baba
H., Bazin D. P., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Imai N., Ishihara M., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Miura M., Motobayashi T., Otsu H., Saito A., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., YakushijiT., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Observation ofStrong Low-Lying E1 Strength in the Two-Neutron Halo
Nucleus 11 Li”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 252502-1–252502-4(2006).
Ishii Y., Toyoshima A., Tsukada K., Asai M., Toume
H., Nishinaka I., Nagame Y., Miyashita S., Mori T.,
Suganuma H., Haba H., Sakamaki M., Goto S., Kudo
H., Akiyama K., Oura Y., Nakahara H., Tashiro T.,
Shinohara A., Schaedel M., Bruechle W., Pershina
V., and Kratz J. V.: “Fluoride Complexation of Element 104, Rutherfordium (Rf), Investigated by Cationexchange Chromatography”, Chem. Lett. 37, No. 3,
pp. 288–289 (2008).
Haba H., Kikunaga H., Kaji D., Akiyama T., MorimotoK., Morita K., Nanri T., Ooe K., Sato N., Shinohara
A., Suzuki D., Takabe T., Yamazaki I., Yokoyama A.,
and Yoneda A.: “Performance of the gas-jet transportsystem coupled to the RIKEN gas-ﬁlled recoil ion separator GARIS for the 238U(22Ne,5n)255No reaction”, J.
Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 9, No. 1, pp. 27–31 (2008).
Sato W., Ueno H., Watanabe H., Miyoshi H., Yoshimi A.,
Kameda D., Ito T., Shimada K., Kaihara J., Suda S.,
Kobayashi Y., Shinohara A., Ohkubo Y., and Asahi K.:“Temperature-dependent behavior of impurity atoms
implanted in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite –An application of a new online TDPAC method–”, J. Phys.
Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 9, pp. 095001-1–095001-2 (2008).
Sakuma F., Enyo H., Fukao Y., Funahashi H., Hamagaki
H., Kitaguchi M., Miwa K., Murakami T., Naruki

M., Ozawa K., Sekimoto M., Tabaru T., Togawa M.,
Yokkaichi S., Chiba J., Kanda H., Ieiri M., Ishino M.,
Mihara S., Miyashita T., Muto R., Nakura T., SasakiO., Tanaka K., Yamada S., and Yoshimura Y.: “Partial
decay widths of the phi into e+e- and K+K- pairs in
12 GeV p+A reactions at KEK-PS E325”, Mod. Phys.
Lett. A 23, No. 27/30, pp. 2401–2404 (2008).
Robinson A. P., Khoo T. L., Ahmad I., Tandel S. K.,
Kondev F. G., Nakatsukasa T., Asai M., Black B. B.,
Butler P. A., Carpenter M. P., Chowdhury P., Davids
C. N., Eeckhaudt S., Greene J. P., Greenlees P. T., Gros
S., Heinz A., Herzberg R. D., Janssens R. V., Jones
G. D., Lauritsen T., Lister C. J., Peterson D., Qian J.,
Reiter P., Seweryniak D., Tandel U., Wang X., and Zhu
S.: “K π = 8− Isomers and K π = 2− Octupole Vibrations in N = 150 hell-Stabilized Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. C
78, 034308-1–034308-6 (2008).
Toyoshima A., Haba H., Tsukada K., Asai M., AkiyamaK., Goto S., Ishii Y., Nishinaka I., Sato T., Nagame Y.,
Sato W., Tani Y., Hasegawa H., Matsuo K., Saika D.,
Kitamoto Y., Shinohara A., Ito M., Saito J., Kudo H.,
Yokoyama A., Sakama M., Sueki K., Oura Y., Nakahara
H., Schaedel M., Bruechle W., and Kratz J. V.: “Hexaﬂuoro complex of rutherfordium in mixed HF/HNO3
solutions”, Radiochim. Acta 96, 125–134 (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Kitatsuji Y., Tsukada K.,
Haba H., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Developmentof an electrochemistry apparatus for the heaviest elements”, Radiochim. Acta 96, 323–326 (2008).
Kasamatu Y., Toyoshima A., Haba H., Toume H., Tsukada
K., Akiyama K., Yoshimura T., and Nagame Y.: “Adsorption of Nb, Ta and Pa on anion-exchanger in HF and
HF/HNO3 solutions: Model experiments for the chemical study of Db”, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 279,
371–376 (2009).
Tsukada K., Haba H., Asai M., Toyoshima A., AkiyamaK., Kasamatu Y., Nishinaka I., Ichikawa S., Yasuda K.,
Miyamoto Y., Hashimoto K., Nagame Y., Goto S., Kudo
H., Sato W., Shinohara A., Oura Y., Sueki K., Kikunaga
H., Kinoshita N., Yokoyama A., Schaedel M., BruechleW., and Kratz J. V.: “Adsorption of Db and its homologues Nb and Ta, and the pseudo-homologue Pa on
anion-exchange resin in HF solution”, Radiochim. Acta97, 83–89 (2009).
(Review),: “Isotope News, pp. 9–15 (2008).
(Others)”,

Asai M., Tsukada K., Sakama M., Ishii Y., Toyoshima A.,
Ishii T., Nishinaka I., Nagame Y., Kasamatu Y., Shibata
M., Hayashi H., Haba H., and Kojima Y.: “Alphagamma coincidence spectroscopy of 259No”, JAEAReview 2008-054, 40–41 (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji A.,
Haba H., Asai M., Ishii Y., Toume H., Akiyama K., Ooe

1- 445 -

K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Oxidationof divalent nobelium (No) to the trivalent state using anelectrochemistry apparatus”, JAEA-Review 2008-054,
63–64 (2008).
Kasamatu Y., Toyoshima A., Asai M., Tsukada K., Ishii
Y., Toume H., Nishinaka I., Sato T., Nagame Y., Haba
H., Kikunaga H., Akiyama K., Goto S., Ichikawa T.,
Kudo H., Sato W., Ooe K., Kuribayashi T., Shinohara
A., Kinoshita N., Arai M., Yokoyama A., Sakama M.,
Qin Z., and Duellmann C. E.: “Adsorption of element
105, Db, on the anion-exchange resin in HF/HNO3 media”, JAEA-Review 2008-054, 65–66 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji A.,
Haba H., Asai M., Ishii Y., Toume H., Akiyama K.,
Ooe K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Electrochemical oxidation of element 102, nobelium”, 2ndInternational Nuclear Chemistry Congress (2nd-INCC),(National University of Mexico), Cancun, Mexico, Apr.
(2008).
Akiyama K., Haba H., Sueki K., Tsukada K., Asai M.,
Toyoshima A., Nagame Y., and Katada M.: “Metallofullerene Encapsulating 225 Ac”, 2nd International Nuclear Chemistry Congress (2nd-INCC), (National University of Mexico), Cancun, Mexico, Apr. (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji Y.,
Haba H., Ishii Y., Toume H., Asai M., Akiyama K., Ooe
K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Characterization of heavy actinides with electrochemistry”, Spring2008 ACS National Meeting & Exposition, (American
Chemical Society), USA, New Orleans, Apr. (2008).
Haba H.: “RIKEN GARIS for superheavy element
chemistry”, 7th Workshop on Recoil Separator for
Superheavy Element Chemistry (TASCA 08), (GSI
Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH),
Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
ECR
”,
4
32
,
, 8 (2007).
: “”,, (Superheavy, 8 (2007).
Element Laboratory),: “GARIS”,,(Superheavy Element Laboratory),, 8 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
62
,
,9
(2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “

”,

4
,(

, 12

),

(2007).
: “
”,
,(
, 12
,

(2007).
,
,

),

,

,

,

,

,

: “

”,
,
(2007).
,
,
,

12

,
,
“105

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,
,

,

,
(Db)

,
,
,
HF/HNO3”,88, 3 (2008).
Chemical Society of Japan),: “”, RCNP
RCNP
RCNP
,(
),
, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “ -HIBA/”, 2008
,(
,
,
,
,
90m
Nb
/ 52
(2008).
,,: “GARIS
),

,9

9
“Rf

,9
,
: “

,

,

,

”, 2008
,(
,

,

),
,

248

,9
,
,
”, 2008

Cm
,(

,
,

,
,

,
,

”, 2008,(,, (The/ 52(2008).

/ 52(2008).

,,,,: “106/ 52(2008).
,

),

:

,

,

,
,

),
,
TIOA

,
:

”, 2008
/ 52
,(
),
,9
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “238 U(16 O,4n)250 Fm
Fm”, 2008/ 52,(),, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,

2

- 446 -

,

,
,
: “
GARIS-II”,2008,, 9 (2008).
: “Present status of the superheavy element chemistry in the world -Reports on the TASCA08 workshop-”,2008,, 11 (2008).
: “RIKEN accelerator research facilities for superheavy element chemistry”,
2008,
, 11
(2008).
: “Toward chemical studies of the superheavy elemens”,,,2(2009).

3- 447 -

Theoretical
RNC Nuclear Physics Laboratory[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Otsu H., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Kitayama M.,
Inafuku K., Ozawa A., Satou Y., Suda T., Yoshida K.,
and Sakaguchi H.: “Measurement of the H(38s,p’) reaction at forward angles including 0 degree”, Nucl. Phys.
A 788, 266c–270c (1997).
Inakura T., Mizutori S., Yamagami M., and Matuyanagi
K.: “Superdeformed Bands in Neutron-Rich Sulfur Isotopes suggested by Cranked Skyrme-Hartree-Fock Calculations”, Nucl. Phys. A 728, 52–64 (2003).
Kobayasi
M.,
Nakatsukasa
T.,MatsuoM.,
and Matuyanagi K.:“Collective Path Connecting
the Oblate and Prolate Local Minima in 68Se”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. 112, No. 2, pp. 363–368 (2004).
Sakuragi H., Maenaka Y., and Furumoto T.: “Coupledchannels study of 10Be+4He structure of highly-excited
14C”, J. Phys.: Con. Ser. 111, 012019-1–012019-6(2007).
Wakasa T., Ihara E., Fujita ., Funaki Y., Hatanaka K.,
Horiuchi H., Itoh M., Kamiya ., Roepke G., Sakaguchi
H., Sakamoto ., Sakemi ., Schuck P., Shimizu Y.,
Takashina M., Terashima S., Suzuki A., Uchida M.,
Yoshida ., and Yosoi .: “New candidate for an alphacluster condensed state in 16 O (α, α� ) at 400 MeV”,
Phys. Lett. B 653, 173–177 (2007).
Itagaki N., Kimura M., Kurokawa C., Ito M.,
and von Oertzen W.: “α condensed state with a core
nucleus”, Phys. Rev. C 75, 0377303-1–037303-4 (2007).
Nakatsukasa T., Inakura T., and Yabana K.: “Finite amplitude method for the solution of the random-phaseapproximation”, Phys. Rev. C 76, 024318-1–0243189 (2007).
Ito M. and Itagaki N.: “α+6,8 He resonant scattering andexotic structures in 10,12 Be”, AIP Conf. Proc. 1016,
199–204 (2008).
Nakatsukasa T., Yabana K., and Ito M.: “Time-dependent
approaches for reaction and response in unstable nuclei”,
Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 156, 249–256 (2008).
Ito M., Itagaki N., Sakurai H., and Ikeda K.: “Exotic
molecular states in ht highly-excited states of 10,12 Be”,
J. Phys.: Con. Ser. 111, 012010-1–012010-6 (2008).
Nakatsukasa T., Shinohara S., Ohta H., and Yabana K.:“Stochastic approach to correlation beyond the meanﬁeld with the Skyrme interaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
347–349 (2008).
Yabana K., Ito M., and Nakatsukasa T.: “Time-dependent
description for nuclear reaction dynamics in the continuum”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 428–430 (2008).
Yamada T., Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “Criterion for Bose-Einstein conden-

sation in traps and self-bound systems”, Phys. Rev. A
78, 035603-1–035603-4 (2008).
Otobe T., Yamagiwa M., Iwata J., Yabana K.,
Nakatsukasa T., and Bertsch G. F.: “First-principles
electron dynamics simulation for optical breakdown ofdielectrics under an intense laser ﬁeld”, Phys. Rev. B
77, 165104-1–165104-5 (2008).
Sarhan B. A., Horiuchi W., Kohama A., and Suzuki Y.:“Reaction cross sections of carbon isotopes incident on
a proton”, Phys. Rev. C 77, No. 3, pp. 034607-1–
034607-11 (2008).
Yoshida K. and Yamagami M.: “Low-frequency K π = 0+
modes in deformed neutron-rich nuclei: Pairing- and βvibrational modes of neutrons”, Phys. Rev. C 77, No.
4, pp. 044312-1–044312-9 (2008).
Tanabe K. and Tanabe K. S.: “Selection rules for electromagnetic transitions in triaxially deformed odd-A nuclei”, Phys. Rev. C 77, No. 6, pp. 064318-1–064318-11(2008).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Becker F., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kimura K., KubokiT., Mandel S., Matsuo M., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M.,
Sitar B., Strmen P., Suda T., Suemmerer K., Sugawara
K., Szarka I., Takechi M., Takisawa A., Tanaka K.,
and Yamagami M.: “Nuclear matter radii of neutrondeﬁcient Kr isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315-1–
034315-6 (2008).
Itagaki N., Kokalova T., Ito M., Kimura M.,
and von Oertzen W.:“Coupling between α condensed states and normal cluster states”, Phys. Rev. C
77, 037301-1–037301-4 (2008).
Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P., Suzuki A.,
and Yamada T.: “Density-induced suppression of the αparticle condensate in nuclear matter and the structureof α cluster states in nuclei”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 0643121–064312-6 (2008).
Yamagami M. and Shimizu Y.: “Pairing eﬀects for rotational excitations unique to neutron-rich nuclei”, Phys.
Rev. C 77, 064319-1–064319-15 (2008).
Itagaki N., Ito M., Milin M., Hashimoto T., Ishiyama
H., and Miyatake H.: “Coexistence of α+α+n+n and
α+t+t cluster structures in 10 Be”, Phys. Rev. C 77,
067301-1–067301-4 (2008).
Yoshida K. and Nguyen V. G.: “Low-lying dipole resonance in neutron-rich Ne isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 78,
No. 1, pp. 014305-1–014305-9 (2008).
Furumoto T., Sakuragi H., and Yamamoto Y.: “New complex G-matrix interactions derived from two-and threebody forces and application to proton nucleus elastic
scattering”, Phys. Rev. C 78, No. 4, pp. 044610-1–
044610-12 (2008).
Kohama A., Iida K., and Oyamatsu K.: “Diﬀerence between interaction cross sections and reaction cross sections”, Phys. Rev. C 78, No. 6, pp. 061601(R) -1–

1- 448 -

061601(R) -5 (2008).
Yoshida K. and Nguyen V.: “Deformed quasiparticlerandom-phase approximation for neutron-rich nuclei using the Skyrme energy density functional”, Phys. Rev.
C 78, No. 6, pp. 064316-1–064316-10 (2008).
BarbieriC.,
CaurierE.,
LangankeK.,
and Martinez-Pinedo G.: “Reply to ”Comment on’Pygmy dipole response of proton-rich argon nuclei inrandom-phase approximation and no-core shell model’””, Phys. Rev. C 78, No. 039802, (2008).
Ito M. and Itagaki N.: “Covalent isomeric state in 12 Be
induced by two-neutron transfers”, Phys. Rev. C 78,
011602(R)-1–011602(R)-5 (2008).
Itagaki N., Ito M., Arai K., Aoyama S., and Kokalova T.:“Mixing of di-neutron components in 8 He”, Phys. Rev.
C 78, 017306-1–017306-4 (2008).
Robinson A. P., Khoo T. L., Ahmad I., Tandel S. K.,
Kondev F. G., Nakatsukasa T., Asai M., Black B. B.,
Butler P. A., Carpenter M. P., Chowdhury P., Davids
C. N., Eeckhaudt S., Greene J. P., Greenlees P. T., Gros
S., Heinz A., Herzberg R. D., Janssens R. V., Jones
G. D., Lauritsen T., Lister C. J., Peterson D., Qian J.,
Reiter P., Seweryniak D., Tandel U., Wang X., and Zhu
S.: “K π = 8− Isomers and K π = 2− Octupole Vibrations in N = 150 hell-Stabilized Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. C
78, 034308-1–034308-6 (2008).
Ito M., Itagaki N., Sakurai H., and Ikeda K.: “Coexistenceof covalent superdeformation and molecular resonancesin an unboud region of 12 Be”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
182502-1–182502-4 (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P.,
and Suzuki A.: “α-particle condensation in 16 O studied
with a full four-body orthogonality condition model calculation”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 082502-1–082502-4(2008).
Nakatsukasa T.,
Matsuo M.,
Matuyanagi K.,
and Hinohara N.: “Microscopic derivation of collective
Hamiltonian by means of the adiabatic self-consistentcollective coordinate method”, Prog. Theor. Phys.
119, No. 1, pp. 59–101 (2008).
Ogasawara H., Yoshida K., Yamagami M., Mizutori S.,
and Matuyanagi K.: “Triaxiality dependence of octupole excitations on superdeformed states in 44 Ti”,
Prog. Theor. Phys. 120, No. 6, pp. 1169–1192 (2008).
Yamada T., Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Ikeda K., and Suzuki
A.: “Monopole Excitation to Cluster States”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. 120, 1139–1167 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aiba T., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Bemmerer D., Brown B., Furumoto T., Fulop Z., Iwasa
N., Kiss A. B., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Motobayashi
T., Nakabayashi T., Nannichi T., Sakuragi H., Sakurai
H., Sohler D., Takashina M., Takeuchi S., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., Yamada K., Yamaguchi M., and Yoneda K.:“Persistent decoupling of valence neutrons toward thedripline:study of 20 C by γ spectroscopy”, Phys. Rev. C
79, 011302-1–011302-5 (2009).
Furumoto T., Sakuragi H., and Yamamoto Y.: “Threebody-force eﬀect on nucleus-nucleus elastic scattering”,
Phys. Rev. C 79, 011601-1–011601-4 (2009).
(Review)
Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P., Suzuki A.,
and Yamada T.: “Alpha particle condensation in nuclear systems”, Nucl. Phys. News 17, No. 4, pp. 11–18(2007).
: “”,
53, No. 2, pp. 3–10
(2008).
(Others)
Yamada T., Funaki Y., Horiuchi H., Tohsaki A., RoepkeG., and Schuck P.: “Dilute Alpha-Particle Condensationin 12 C and 16 O”, Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 22, No. 25/26,
pp. 4545–4556 (2008).
Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Ikeda K., Funaki Y., and Suzuki
A.: “Monopole excitation to cluster states”, J. Phys.:Con. Ser. 111, 012008-1–012014-6 (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “Alpha-cluster states and 4 alphaparticle Bose condensate in 16 O”, J. Phys.: Con. Ser.
111, 012012-1–012018-6 (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “Indication of 4α-particle Bose condensate in 16 O”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 236–238 (2008).
Kohama A., Iida K., and Oyamatsu K.: “Reaction crosssection and nuclear radius in the black-sphere picture”,
Nucl. Phys. A 805, 415–417 (2008).
Horiuchi W., Sarhan B. A., Kohama A., and Suzuki Y.:“Reaction cross sections of carbon isotopes incident on
proton and 12 C target”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 418–420(2008).
Ito M. and Itagaki N.: “Nuclear Chemistry”, Phys. Rev.
Focus 22, No. Story 4, pp. 1–3 (2008).
[Book
Proc.][
・Proceedings](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Nakatsukasa T., Yabana K., and Inakura T.: “Linear response calculations with the time-dependent Skyrme
density functional”, Physics of Unstable Nuclei: Proccedings of International Symposium on Physics of Unstable Nuclei (ISPUN07), Hoi An, Vietnam, 2007–7, World
Scientiﬁc, Singapore, pp. 195–200 (2008).
(Others)
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Schuck P., Horiuchi H., Suzuki A.,
and Roepke G.: “α-cluster states and 4α-particle condensation in 16 O”, Physics of Unstable Nuclei: Proccedings of International Symposium on Physics of Unstable Nuclei (ISPUN07), Hoi An, Vietnam, 2007–7, World
Scientiﬁc, Singapore, pp. 380–385 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International) Conference etc.)(2- 449 -

Kobayashi M.,
Nakatsukasa T.,
Matsuo M.,
and Matuyanagi K.:“Collective path connecting
the oblate and prolate local minima in proton-rich N=Z
nuclei around 68Se”, 4th International Conference on
Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM 04), Georgia,
USA, Sept. (2004).
Yamagami M.: “Di-neutron superﬂuidity and the collective motions in deformed weakly-bound nuclei”, International Workshop on Joint JUSTIPEN-LACM Meeting, (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Oak Ridge, USA,
Mar. (2007).
Yamagami M.: “Rotational excitation of weakly-boundnuclei with di-neutron pairing”, ECT* Sminars 2006:
Many-body Open Quantum Systems: from Atomic Nuclei to Quantum Systems, Trento, Italy, May (2007).
Yamagami M.: “Rotational motion in nuclei with dineutron superﬂuidity”, International Nuclear Physics
Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council of Japan,
RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June (2007).
Yamagami M.: “Di-neutron superﬂuidity and the collective motions in deformed unstable nuclei”, International
Workshop on Nuclear Structure: New Pictures in the
Extended Isospin Space (NS07), (Yukawa Institute for
Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University), Kyoto, June(2007).
Nakatsukasa T., Yabana K., and Inakura T.: “Dipole response calculations with Skyrme TDDFT”, UNEDF Annual Workshop, (University of Washington), Pack Forest, USA, Aug. (2007).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P.,
and Suzuki A.: “α-cluster states and 4α-particle Bose
condensate in 16 O”, Clusters ’07, Stratford upon Avon,
UK, Sept. (2007).
Nakatsukasa T., Inakura T., and Yabana K.: “Nuclear response function calculated with the timedependent Skyrme density functional”, 3rd JapaneseGerman Workshop on Nuclear Structure and Astrophysics, (GSI), Chiemsee, Germany, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Energy density functional in nuclei”,
1st FIDIPRO-JSPS Workshop on Energy Density Functional in Nuclei, (University of Jyvaskyla), Keurusselka,
Finland, Oct. (2007).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Photonuclear response studied with
time-dependent methods”, Seminar at University of Surrey, (University of Surrey), Guildford, UK, Nov. (2007).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Discussion Leader on Supercomputing in low-energy nuclear physics”, 2nd LACM-EFESJUSTIPEN Workshop, (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Oak Ridge, USA, Jan. (2008).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Time-dependent approaches to nuclear
many-body problems”, 2008 APCTP-BLTP JINR Joint
Workshop on Quarks and Mesons in Nuclear Physics,(APCTP), Pohang, Korea, Apr. (2008).
Yamagami M. and Shimizu Y.: “Continuum and pairingeﬀects for rotational excitations in neutron rich nuclei”,

CNS-RIKEN Joint International Symposium on Frontierof gamma-ray spectroscopy and Perspectives for Nuclear
Structure Studies (Gamma08), Wako, Apr. (2008).
Ito M. and Itagaki N.: “Uniﬁed studies of structuralchanges and nuclear reactions in 10,12 Be”, 1st Workshop
on State of the Art in Nuclear Cluster Physics, Strasbourg I, France, May (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., Schuck P.,
and Suzuki A.: “Present status of alpha-particle condensate states in self-conjugate 4n nuclei”, 1st Workshop on
State of the Art in Nuclear Cluster Physics (SOTANCP
2008), Strasbourg, France, May (2008).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Foundation and application of nuclear
density functional theory”, Lecture at Department of
Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China, May (2008).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Nuclear Physics: Finite quantum manybody systems with strong interaction”, Lecture at Department of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China,
May (2008).
Matsumoto T., Egami T., Ogata K., Iseri Y., and Yahiro
M.: “Analyses for four-body breakup reactions of 6 He”,
50th Anniversary Symposium on Nuclear Sizes andShapes, (University of Surrey), Surrey, UK, June (2008).
Yoshida K.: “Low-lying excitation modes in deformed
neutron-rich nuclei”, International Workshop on Nuclear
Structure Physics, (China Nuclear Physics Society, Natural Science Foundation of China, Shanghai Jiao Tong
University), Shanghai, China, June (2008).
Barbieri C.: “Applications of propagator theory to atoms
and nuclei”, Symposium on ”50 Years of Coupled Cluster Theory”, (Institute for Nuclear theory), Seattle,
USA, June–July (2008).
Yamagami M. and Shimizu Y.: “Construction of pairing density functional for global description of pairing correlations”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPEN-EFES
Workshop & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF Meeting, Nanae-cho, Hokkaido, July (2008).
Matsumoto T., Egami T., Ogata K., Iseri Y., Yahiro M.,
and Kamimura M.: “Coupled-channel analyses of 6 He
breakup reactions”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPENEFES Workshop & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF
Meeting, Sapporo, July (2008).
Yoshida K.: “Deformed quasiparticle-random-phase approximation for neutron-rich nuclei using the Skyrme
density functional”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPENEFES Workshop & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF
Meeting, Morimachi, Hokkaido Pref., July (2008).
Avogadro P., Barranco F. P., Broglia R. A., and Vigezzi
E.: “Study of neutron vortices in the inner crustof a neutron star”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPENEFES Workshop & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF
Meeting, (JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF meeting,
Hokudai-EFES-TORIJIN-JUSTIPEN meeting on Resonances and Continua), Nanae-cho, Hokkaido, July
(2008).

3- 450 -

Barbieri C.: “Many-body correlations and exotic nuclei”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPEN-EFES Workshop:
Perspectives in Resonances and Continua on Nuclei and JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF Meeting,
Hakodate, July (2008).
Ito M. and Itagaki N.: “Covalent, Ionic, and Atomic Structures in 10,12 Be”, 4th Asia-Paciﬁc Conference on FewBody Problems in Physics (APFB08), (Universitas Indonesia), Depok, Indonesia, Aug. (2008).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Time-dependent-density-functional theory”, 7th CNS-EFES Summer School (CNS-EFES08),(University of Tokyo), Wako, Aug.–Sept. (2008).
Yoshida K.: “Self-consistent calculations for low-lying excitation modes in deformed neutron-rich nuclei using aSkyrme density functional”, 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses (ENAM 08),
(University of Warsaw, Institute for Nuclear Studies,
Swierk), Ryn, Poland, Sept. (2008).
Ito M. and Itagaki N.: “Uniﬁed studies of the exotic structures of 10,12 Be and the α+6,8 He reactions”, Scientiﬁc
Program for Fusion08, (Argonne National Laboratory),
Chicago, USA, Sept. (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “α-particle condensed state in 16 O”,
Japanese French Symposium :New paradigms in Nuclear
Physics, Paris, France, Sept.–Oct. (2008).
Nakatsukasa T., Inakura T., and Yabana K.: “Response
functions in the continuum of deformed nuclei studied with the time-dependent density-functional calculations”, Japanese French Symposium :New paradigms in
Nuclear Physics, (JSPS-CNRS), Paris, France, Sept.–
Oct. (2008).
Funaki Y., Yamada T., Horiuchi H., Roepke G., SchuckP., and Suzuki A.: “Alpha clustering and condensationin 16 O”, KGU Yokohama Autumn School of Nuclear
Physics, Yokohama, Oct. (2008).
Matsumoto T., Egami T., Ogata K., Iseri Y., Yahiro M.,
and Kamimura M.: “Coupled-channel analyses of 6 He
breakup reactions”, KGU Yokohama Autumn School of
Nuclear Physics, Yokohama, Oct. (2008).
Nakatsukasa T.: “TDDFT approach to photoabsorption
in even-even nuclei”, KGU Yokohama Autumn School
on Nuclear Physics, (Kanto Gakuin University), Yokohama, Oct. (2008).
Barbieri C.: “Asymmetry dependence of spectroscopic factors”, KGU(Kanto Gakuin University) Yokohama Autumn School of Nuclear Physics, (Kanto Gakuin University (KGU)), Yokohama, Oct. (2008).
Ito M. and Itagaki N.: “Covalent Isomeric State in
12Be induced by Two-Neutron Transfers”, KGU(Kanto
Gakuin University) Yokohama Autumn School of Nuclear Physics, (Kanto Gakuin University), Yokohama,Oct. (2008).
Avogadro P., Barranco F. P., Broglia R. A., and Vigezzi
E.: “Vortices in the inner crust of neutron stars”,

KGU(Kanto Gakuin University) Yokohama Autumn
School of Nuclear Physics, (KGU Kannai Media Center, Kanto Gakuin University (KGU)), Yokohama, Oct.
(2008).
Ito M.: “Uniﬁed description of structures and reactions based on microscopic models”, YIPQS International Molecule Workshop on ”Alpha- and DineutronCorrelation in Nuclear Many-Body Systems” Program,(Yukawa Institute of Theoretical Physics (YITP)), Kyoto, Oct. (2008).
Barbieri C.: “Ab-initio Green’s Functions Calculationsof Atoms”, 6th Japan-Italy Symposium on Heavy Ion
Physics, (RICOTTI, Tokai), Tokai-mura, Ibaraki Pref.,Nov. (2008).
Avogadro P., Broglia R. A., Barranco F. P., and Vigezzi
E.: “Interaction between neutron superﬂuid vortices andnuclei in neutron stars”, 6th Japan-Italy Symposium
on Heavy-Ion Physics, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki Pref., Nov.
(2008).
Ito M.: “Exotic structures in 12 Be and the α+8 He resonant scattering”, Unbound Nuclei Workshop, (Instituo Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa), Pisa,
Italy, Nov. (2008).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi
N., Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y.,
Ishihara M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T.,
Matsuda Y., Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Ogata K., Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto
T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Invariant-mass spectroscopy of neutron-rich Be isotopes”, Unbound Nuclei Workshop, (INFN), Pisa, Italy,
Nov. (2008).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi N.,
Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara
M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y.,
Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Ogata K.,
Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Breakup
reactions of 14Be”, International Conference on Interfacing Structure and Reactions at the Centre of theAtom (Kernz08), (Livermore and University of Surrey),
Queenstown, The Netherlands, Dec. (2008).
Nakatsukasa T.: “Nuclear structure at the limits of
rapid rotation, Large amplitude colldective motion”,
20th Chris Engelbrecht Summer School in Theoretical
Physics ”Nuclei and Nucleonic Systems”, (National Institute for Theoretical Physics at Stellenbosch Institutefor Advanced Study), Stellenbosch, South Africa, Jan.
(2009).
Barbieri C.: “Application of propagator theory to atoms
and nuclei”, 1st EMMI-EFES Workshop on NeutronRich Nuclei (EENEN 09), (GSI), Darmstadt, Germany,
Feb. (2009).

4- 451 -

Ito M.: “Future studies on nuclear structures and reactions
with microscopic cluster model and UCOM”, 1st EMMIEFES Workshop on Neutron-Rich Nuclei (EENEN 09),
(GSI Laboratory), Darmstadt, Germany, Feb. (2009).
Yamagami M.: “Density functional for description ofnovel pairing properties in nuclei far from stability”, 3rd
LACM-EFES-JUSTIPEN Workshop, (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Oak Ridge, USA, Feb. (2009).
Barbieri C.: “Green’s functions calculations of nuclei”, 3rd
LACM-EFES-JUSTIPEN Workshop, (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Oak Ridge, USA, Feb. (2009).
((Domestic )Conference),,: “Proton-nucleus opticalpotential with complex G-matrix ”JLM” and ”CEG””,
RIBF
/
,
,2
(2006).
,: “Microscopic proton-nucleus opticalpotentials based on the folding model with new complex
Theoretical
G-matrix interactions”,
description of elastic scattering of proton by unstable, 3 (2006).
nuclei based on two-nucleon force ,,: “Microscopic optical potential basedon the folding model with complex G-matrix interacElastic
tions: JLM and CEG”,
scattering of unstable nuclei ,, 6 (2006).
,
: “
G
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,
: “
G
II”,
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(2007).
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,
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: “
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III”,
62
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, 9 (2007).
: “
”,
63
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(2008).
,
,
: “
”,
63
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(2008).
,: “α+8 He
”,
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,(
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, 3 (2008).
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: “
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63
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: “
G
IV”,
63
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, 3 (2008).
,
,
: “
+8 B
8
7
7
B, Be+pBe”,63,, 3 (2008).
: “Real-time representation of nuclear dynamics”,,(),, 5 (2008).
: “Pairing and continuum eﬀects on low-lying excitation modes in deformed neutron-rich nuclei”,,,5(2008).
”,: “12 Be
,(

),

,7

(2008).

: “
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,(

),

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(2008).
: “Low-lying excitation modes in deformed
neutron-rich nuclei”, Workshop on “Frontier in Unstable),, 7 (2008).
Nuclear Physics”, (
,
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: “18,19C”, RCNP
RCNP
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,(
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,(
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(2008).
: “”, RIBF,(RIKEN Nishina Center),, 9 (2008).
,
,
: “
”,
2008
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(2008).
Barbieri C.: “Applications of self-consistent Green’s func2008
tion theory to nuclear response”,,(),, 9 (2008).
,
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”,
2008
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2008
,(
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2008,

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5- 452 -

,

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6- 453 -

Experimental
RNCInstallations Development Group
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Otsu H., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Kitayama M.,
Inafuku K., Ozawa A., Satou Y., Suda T., Yoshida K.,
and Sakaguchi H.: “Measurement of the H(38s,p’) reaction at forward angles including 0 degree”, Nucl. Phys.
A 788, 266c–270c (1997).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Kobayashi T., Otsu H., Aoi N.,
Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani M.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T., Watanabe Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of
Halo Nuclei”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp.
462–466 (2002).
Ueno H., Asahi K., Ogawa H., Kameda D., Miyoshi H.,
Yoshimi A., Watanabe H., Shimada K., Sato W., Yoneda
K., Imai N., Kobayashi Y., Ishihara M., and Wolf-Dieter
S.: “Measurement of nuclear moments in the region oflight neutron-rich nuclei”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 211–215(2004).
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Motobayashi T.,
Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba H., Akiyoshi H.,
Ando Y., Aoi N., Fulop Z., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Hirai M., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Iwata Y., Kanno S., Kobayashi H., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Michimasa S., Nakamura
T., Ozawa A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Ishihara M.: “Molecular states in neutron-richberyllium isotopes”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 337–341(2004).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Aoi N., Imai N., Ishihara M.,
Kobayashi T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani
M., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T.,
Watanabe Y., and Yoneda K.: “Coulomb and nuclear
breakup of a halo nucleus 11 Be”, Phys. Rev. C 70,
054606-1–054606-12 (2004).
Kannungo R., Chiba M., Abu-Ibrahim B., Adhikari S.,
Fang D., Iwasa N., Kimura K., Maeda K., Nishimura S.,
Ohnishi T., Ozawa A., Samanta C., Suda T., Suzuki T.,
Wang Q., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y., Yamada K., YoshidaA., Zheng T., and Tanihata I.: “A new view to the structure of 19C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 261–262(2005).
Yamada K., Motobayashi T., Aoi N., Baba H., Demichi K.,
Elekes Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Imai N.,
Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Notani M., OnishiT., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Togano Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Tanihata
I.: “Reduced transition probabilities for the ﬁrst 2+ excited state in 46 Cr, 50 Fe, and 54 Ni”, Eur. Phys. J. A

25, No. s01, pp. 409–413 (2005).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Decoupling of valence neutrons from the core in 17 B”, Phys.
Lett. B 621, 81–88 (2005).
Onishi T., Gelberg A., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Aoi N., ImaiN., Baba H., Von Brentano P., Fukuda N., Ichikawa
Y., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kameda D., Kishida T.,
Lisetskiy A., Ong H., Osada M., Ohtsuka T., Suzuki M.,
Ue K., Utsuno Y., and Watanabe H.: “Gamow-Teller
decay of the T = 1 nucleus 46 Cr”, Phys. Rev. C 72,
No. 2, pp. 024308-1–024308-7 (2005).
Schumann F., Typel S., Hammache F., Summerer K.,
Uhlig F., Bottcher I., Cortina D., Forster A., Gai M.,
Geissel H., Greife U., Gross E., Iwasa N., Koczon P.,
Kohlmeyer B., Kulessa R., Kumagai H., Kurzu N.,
Menzel M., Motobayashi T., Oeshler H., Ozawa A.,
Ploskon M., Prokopowicz W., Schwab E., Senger P.,
Strieder F., Sturm C., Sun Z., Surowka G., Wagner
A., and Walus W.: “Low-energy cross section of the7Be(p,γ)8 B solar fusion reaction from the Coulomb dissociation of 8 B”, Phys. Rev. C 73, 015806-1–015806-13(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Proton inelastic scattering studies atthe borders of the “island of inversion”: The 30,31 Na
and 33,34 Mg case”, Phys. Rev. C 73, 044314-1–0443145 (2006).
Yamaguchi T., Ohnishi T., Suzuki T., Becker T., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kelic A., Kimura K.,
Mandel S., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima S., Ohtsubo T.,
Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M., Sitar B., Strmen P.,
Suda T., Summerer K., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takechi
M., Takisawa A., and Tanaka K.: “Production cross sections of isotopes formed by fragmentation of similar to
1A (GeVKr)-Kr-80 beam”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 0446081–044608-5 (2006).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,

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Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Vanishing N = 20 Shell Gap: Studyof Excited States in 27,28 Ne”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96,
182501-1–182501-4 (2006).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Kameda D., Asahi K., Nagae D.,
Takemura M., Shimada K., Takase K., Sugimoto T.,
Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Murata J., and Kawamura
H.: “Electric quadrupole moments of neutron rich Al
isotope”, AIP Conf. Proc. 912, 105–109 (2007).
Murata J., Asahi K., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Nagae
D., Narota K., Shimada K., Shimoyama T., ShuehiroT., Toyoda T., Uchida M., Ueno H., and Yoshimi A.:“Beta Neutrino Correlation and T-Violation Experimentin Nuclear Beta Decay”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, No. 1,
pp. 218–221 (2007).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Sugimoto T., Shimada K., Nagae
D., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kameda D., and Asahi
K.: “Developments of atomic beam resonance methodwith RI beams”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 849–852 (2007).
Kawamura H., Kameda D., Murata J., Narota K.,
Shimoyama T., Suehiro T., Toyoda T., and Uchida M.:“Development of a New Drift Chamber based Mott Polarimeter”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 1105–1108 (2007).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J. D., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa
Y., and Yoneda K.: “Study of N =20 shell gap with1
H(28 Ne,27,28 Ne) reactions”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 150, 99–102 (2007).
Shimada K., Nagae D., Asahi K., Inoue T., Takase K.,
Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., Kobayashi Y., Ueno H.,
Yoshimi A., Kameda D., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T.,
Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa
S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Production of spinpolarized 17 N beam sing inverse-kinematics low-energy
ransfer reactions”, Hyperﬁne Interact. 180, 43–47(2007).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Nummerer S.,
Becker F., Fukuda M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janike
R., Kimura K., Mandal S., Munzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Orochazka A., Shindo M.,
Strmen P., Suda T., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takisawa
A., Takechi M., and Tanaka K.: “Nuclear radii ofneutron-deﬁcient Kr isotopes studied via their interaction cross-sections at relativistic energies”, Nucl. Phys.
A 787, 471c–475c (2007).
Fang D., Guo W., Ma. C., Wang K., Yang T., Ma. Y., Cai

X., Shen W., Ren Z., Sun Z., Chen J., Tian W., Zhong
C., Hosoi M., Izumikawa T., Kanungo R., Nakajima S.,
Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Suda T., Sugawara
K., Suzuki T., Takisawa A., Tanaka K., Yamaguchi T.,
and Tanihata I.: “Examining the exotic structure of the
proton-rich nucleus 23Al”, Phys. Rev. C 76, 031601-1–
031601-5 (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized radioactive ion beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, AIP Conf. Proc. 980, 283–288 (2008).
Kameda D., Asahi K., Ueno H., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Shimada K., Yoshimi A., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
180, 61–64 (2008).
Sugimoto T., Asahi K., Kawamura H., Murata J., Nagae
D., Shimada K., Ueno H., and Yoshimi A.: “Development of atomic-beam resonance method to measure thenuclear moments of unstable nuclei”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
181, 141–144 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasa N.,
Iwasaki H., Kalinka G., Kanno S., Kawai S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A. A., Kubo T., Kurita
K., Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa
S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao
T., Nikolski E. Y., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Okumura
T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Perera P., Saito A.,
Sakai H., Sakurai H., Satou Y., Shimoura S., Sohler
D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Takeda H.,
Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “The studyof shell closures in light neutron-rich nuclei”, J. Phys. G
35, 014038-1–014038-7 (2008).
Sato W., Ueno H., Watanabe H., Miyoshi H., Yoshimi A.,
Kameda D., Ito T., Shimada K., Kaihara J., Suda S.,
Kobayashi Y., Shinohara A., Ohkubo Y., and Asahi K.:“Temperature-dependent behavior of impurity atoms
implanted in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite –An application of a new online TDPAC method–”, J. Phys.
Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 9, pp. 095001-1–095001-2 (2008).
Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).

2- 455 -Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi K.,
Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K., Nagatomo T.,
Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S., HatakeyamaN., Murata J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric
quadrupole moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4612–4615 (2008).
Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Yoshitake M., Hashizume Y.,
Kanazawa M., Kitagawa a., Kobayashi K., Moriguchi T.,
Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Sato S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi
Y., Yasuda Y., and Yamaguchi T.: “Development ofa time-of-ﬂight detector for the rare-RI ring project at
RIKEN”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 266,
4621–4624 (2008).
Ueno H., Nagae D., Kameda D., Asahi K., Takemura
M., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Murata
J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric quadrupole
moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 329–331 (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Becker F., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kimura K., KubokiT., Mandel S., Matsuo M., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M.,
Sitar B., Strmen P., Suda T., Suemmerer K., Sugawara
K., Szarka I., Takechi M., Takisawa A., Tanaka K.,
and Yamagami M.: “Nuclear matter radii of neutrondeﬁcient Kr isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315-1–
034315-6 (2008).
Wakasugi M., Emoto T., Furukawa Y., Ishii K., Ito
S., Koseki T., Kurita K., Kuwajima A., Masuda T.,
Morikawa A., Nakamura M., Noda A., Ohnishi T., ShiraiT., Suda T., Takeda H., Tamae T., Tongu H., Wang S.,
and Yano Y.: “Novel Internal Target for Electron Scattering oﬀ Unstable Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
164801-1–164801-4 (2008).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aiba T., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Bemmerer D., Brown B., Furumoto T., Fulop Z., Iwasa
N., Kiss A. B., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Motobayashi
T., Nakabayashi T., Nannichi T., Sakuragi H., Sakurai
H., Sohler D., Takashina M., Takeuchi S., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., Yamada K., Yamaguchi M., and Yoneda K.:“Persistent decoupling of valence neutrons toward thedripline:study of 20 C by γ spectroscopy”, Phys. Rev. C
79, 011302-1–011302-5 (2009).
Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi
K., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S.,
Hatakeyama N., Kawamura H., Narota K., and Murata
J.: “Ground-state electric quadrupole moment of 31 Al”,
Phys. Rev. C 79, 027301-1–027301-4 (2009).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for pre-cision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
Murata J., Akiyama T., Hata M., Hirayama Y., Ikeda
Y., Ishii T., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Mitsuoka
S., Miyatake H., Nagae D., Ninomiya K., Nitta M.,
Seitaibashi E., and Toyoda T.: “R&D for a test of time
reversal symmetry experiment using polarized nuclei”,
JAEA-Review 2008-054, 58–59 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.][(Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, Proceedings of 18th International
Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Italy, 2007–9 10, , Giardini Naxos, pp. 3–8 (2007).
(Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations

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(International() Conference etc.)
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa
K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi
T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopy of
13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactionsof 14Be”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams (DREB2007), Wako, May–June(2007).
Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Yoshitake M., Hashizume Y.,
Kanazawa M., Kitagawa a., Kobayashi K., Moriguchi T.,
Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Sato S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi
Y., Yasuda Y., and Yamaguchi T.: “Development of atime-of-ﬂight detector for rare-RI ring project at RIKEN
RIBF”, 15th International Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators and Techniques Related to their
Applications (EMIS2007), (GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS ,DSM/CEA), Deauville, France, June (2007).

Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Sugimoto T., Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Asahi K., Kawamura
H., Murata J., Nagae D., and Shimada K.: “Development of ion guiding system for radio-isotope atomicbeam resonance measurements”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council ofJapan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June (2007).
Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto
A., Kikuchi T., Igarashi S., Komatsubara T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi K., Yamaguchi T., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y.,
and Yasuda Y.: “Mass measurements by isochronous
storage ring in RI beam factory”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (RIKEN and others),
Tokyo, June (2007).
Nagatomo T., Matsuta K., Minamisono K., Levy C. D.,
Sumikama T., Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura
M., Matsumiya R., Fukuda M., Yamaguchi M., Behr J.
A., Jackson K. P., Yasuno T., Ohta H., Hashizume Y.,
Fujiwara H., Chiba A., and Minamisono T.: “Search for
the G parity violating term in weak nucleon currents
in mass 20 system”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council of Japan, RIKEN
and others), Tokyo, June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al: Drastic shape transition between 32 Al and 31 Mg”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science
Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June(2007).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., ToganoY., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopyof 13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactions”, International Symposium & School on Frontiers and Perspectives of Nuclear and Hadron Physics(FPNH07), (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tokyo,
June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,

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Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al”, International Workshop on Nuclear Structure: New Picturesin the Extended Isospin Space (NS07), (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics), Kyoto, June (2007).
Nagatomo T., Matsuta K., Minamisono K., Sumikama T.,
Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura M., Matsumiya
R., Fukuda M., Yamaguchi M., Yasuno T., Ohta H.,
Hashizume Y., Fujiwara H., Chiba A., and MinamisonoT.: “Beta-ray Angular Distribution from Purely Nuclear
Spin Aligned 20 F Nuclei”, 14th International Conference
on Hyperﬁne Interactions and 18th International Symposium on Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions, (Universidad Nacional de La Plata/Instituto de Fisica de La
Plata, CONICET), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, 14th Int. Conf. on
Hyperﬁne Interactions & 18th Int. Symp. on Nuclear
Quadrupole Interactions, ( Universidad Nacional de La
Plata), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized r/a beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, 12th Int. Workshop on Polarized Sources, Targets & Polarimetry, (Brookhaven National Laboratory),
Brookhaven, USA, Sept. (2007).
Nagatomo T., Matsuta K., Minamisono K., Levy C. D.,
Sumikama T., Mihara M., Ozawa A., Tagisi Y., Ogura
M., Matsumiya R., Fukuda M., Yamaguchi M., Behr J.
A., Jackson K. P., Yasuno T., Ohta H., Hashizume Y.,
Fujiwara H., Chiba A., and Minamisono T.: “Search for
the G parity violating term in weak nucleon currents
in mass 20 system”, 12th Int. Workshop on Polarized
Sources, Targets & Polarimetry, (Brookhaven National
Laboratory ), Brookhaven, USA, Sept. (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes
produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Kondo Y., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Aoi N., Otsu
H., Yanagisawa Y., Fukuda N., Takeuchi S., Ishihara
M., Baba H., Gomi T., Imai N., Kubo T., Yoneda

K., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Sugimoto T., MatsuiN., Attukalathil V. M., Okumura T., Hashimoto Y.,
Nakabayashi T., Shinohara M., Miura M., KobayashiT., Matsuda Y., Endo N., Kitayama M., Watanabe K.,
Yakushiji T., Togano Y., Kawai S., Hasegawa H., OnishiT., Ong H., Shimoura S., Tamaki M., Saito A., Bazin
D. P., and Watanabe Y.: “Breakup reactions of 14Be”,
Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct Reactions
2008, (Michigan State University), East Lansing, USA,
Feb. (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Nagatomo T., Shimada K., Ichikawa
Y., Kameda D., Sugimoto T., Sakurai H., Asahi K.,
Hasama Y., Takemura M., Kijima G., Nagae D., UchidaM., Arai T., Suda S., Takase T., Inoue T., HatakeyamaN., Kagami S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Nuclear electromagnetic moments of neutron-rich Al isotopes”, Nuclear Structure 2008, (Michigan State University, NSCL at MSU), Michigan, USA, June (2008).
Kawamura H., Murata J., Toyoda T., Seitaibashi E., Nitta
M., Hata M., Akiyama T., Ikeda Y., Ninomiya K.,
Kameda D., Nagae D., and Hirayama Y.: “The ﬁrst Tviolation experiment at KEK-TRIAC”, 24th Advanced
Studies Institute :Symmetries and Spin (SPIN-Praha2008), (Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics), Praha, Czech, July (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yasuda Y., Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., FukunishiN., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
China, Sept. (2008).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi
N., Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y.,
Ishihara M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T.,
Matsuda Y., Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Ogata K., Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu

5

- 458 -

H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto
T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa
Y.: “Invariant-mass spectroscopy of neutron-rich Be isotopes”, Unbound Nuclei Workshop, (INFN), Pisa, Italy,
Nov. (2008).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi N.,
Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara
M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y.,
Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Ogata K.,
Okumura T., Ong H., Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Breakup
reactions of 14Be”, International Conference on Interfacing Structure and Reactions at the Centre of theAtom (Kernz08), (Livermore and University of Surrey),
Queenstown, The Netherlands, Dec. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Design of the isochronous storage ring for
accurate mass measurement in RI beam factory”,
2/ 30,, 7 (2005).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
,(
),
, 9 (2005).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
,(
),
,9
(2005).
: “Interaction cross section / mass measurement”,
Workshop on Nuclear Physics Collaboration between,9(2005).
Germany and Japan,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
R
,
,
,
,

“

,

,
HIMAC
”,
(2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,

,3
,

,

(2007).
,
,

,

,
TOF
2007

,

,
,

,
,

,

,

,

,

,
,

:

,

,3

,
,

,
,
: “

RIBF
62

”,
,

,9

,

,
,

,
,

,
,
,

,
,
”,

(2007).
,
,
,
,
,

,

,

,

,
,

,
,

,
,

,
,
: “18,19C
,
,

63
,3
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
Hyblid Photo”,
63
Detector,, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RI
TOF
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RIBF
”,
r
- ,
, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RIBF
RI
”,
5
/
33
,
, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “18,19C”, RCNP
RCNP
RCNP
,(
),
,8
(2008).
,,, Balabanski D. L., Daugas
J. M., Depuydt M., De Rydt M., Gaudefroy L., Grevy,,, Morel P., Perrot L.,
S.,
Stodel C., Thomas J. C., Vanderheyolen W., Vermeulen, Neyens G.,: “33 AlN., Vingerhoets P.,
”,
2008
,
),
, 9 (2008).
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RI
”,
2008
,
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

6

- 459 -

: “TRIAC
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Levy C. D., Behr J. A., Jackson K. P.,
: “
20
G
”,
2008
,(
),
,9
(2008).
13
B: “Rutile
β
”,
20
I
,
, 11
(2008).
: “Electric quadrupole moment of 33 Al”,
5,(),
, 12 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “TRIAC
”,
5
,
(
),
, 12
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
8
: “TRIAC
Li
”,
64
,
,3
(2009).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “NewtonII”,64,, 3 (2009).

7- 460 -SLOWRI Team

RNC

Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers)*Subject to Peer Review

Okada K., Wada M., Nakamura T., Takamine A.,
Lioubimov V., Schury P. H., Ishida Y., Sonoda T.,
Ogawa M., Yamazaki Y., Kanai Y., Kojima T.,
Katayama I., Ohtani S., Kubo T., and Yoshida A.: “Precision Measurement of the Hyperﬁne Structure of LaserCooled Radioactive 7 Be+ Ions Produced by Projectile
Fragmentation”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 212502-1–
212502-4 (2008).
(Review): “
37, No. 7, pp. 383–390 (2008).

: “
SLOWRI
(
,
,
,

”,
,9

),
,

2008
,

,
,
,

”,
,9
(2008).

,
,

,
,

,
,

,

(2008).
,
,

,
,

2008

,
,
,

: “
,(

OROCHI),”,

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International)Conference etc.)(
Wada M.: “Precision hyperﬁne structure spectroscopyof 11 Be and 7 Be”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPEN-EFES
Workshop & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF Meeting, Morimachi, Hokkaido Pref., July (2008).
Lioubimov V., Wada M., Takamine A., Nakamura T.,
Schury P. H., Iimura H., Okada K., Schuch R. H.,
and Yamazaki Y.: “Precision Fast Ion Beam Laser Spectroscopy of Ar+ ”, International Conference on Laser
Probing 2008 (LAP 2008), (Nagoya University), Nagoya,Oct. (2008).
Wada M., Takamine A., Okada K., Sonoda T., Schury P.
H., Lioubimov V., Yamazaki Y., Kanai Y., Kojima T.,
Kubo T., Iimura H., Katayama I., Ohtani S., Wollnik
H., and Schuch R. H.: “Universal Slow RI-Beam Facility
at RIKEN RIBF for Laser Spectroscopy of Short-Lived
Nuclei”, International Conference on Laser Probing 2008
(LAP 2008), (Nagoya University), Nagoya, Oct. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”OROCHI””, 5
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

AMO
,
,
,
,

”, RCNP
RCNP

,
,
,
,
: “

, 6 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
OROCHI

RCNP,,8(2008).
: “Be-11
RCNP, (RCNP),”, RCNP
RCNP, 8 (2008).

1- 461 -

RNC

[Journal][](Original Papers)

Polarized RI Beam Team
Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Prandolini M. J., Manzhur Y., Weber A., Potzger K.,
Bertschat H. H., Ueno H., Miyoshi H., and Dietrich M.:“Impurity-induced magnetic units embedded in ferromagnetic surfaces”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 76–78 (2004).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction using the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).
Ueno H., Asahi K., Ogawa H., Kameda D., Miyoshi H.,

Yoshimi A., Watanabe H., Shimada K., Sato W., Yoneda
K., Imai N., Kobayashi Y., Ishihara M., and Wolf-Dieter
S.: “Measurement of nuclear moments in the region oflight neutron-rich nuclei”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 211–215(2004).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Ohnishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takechi M., Tamaki M.,
Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Anoma+
16
C”,
lously hindered E2 Strength B(E2; 2+
1 → 0 ) in
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, No. 6, pp. 062501-1–062501-4(2004).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Onishi T., Gelberg A., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Aoi N., ImaiN., Baba H., Von Brentano P., Fukuda N., Ichikawa
Y., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kameda D., Kishida T.,
Lisetskiy A., Ong H., Osada M., Ohtsuka T., Suzuki M.,
Ue K., Utsuno Y., and Watanabe H.: “Gamow-Teller
decay of the T = 1 nucleus 46 Cr”, Phys. Rev. C 72,
No. 2, pp. 024308-1–024308-7 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura

1- 462 -

T., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissociation of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
Nakamura T., Vinodkumar A., Sugimoto T., Aoi N., Baba
H., Bazin D. P., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Imai N., Ishihara M., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Miura M., Motobayashi T., Otsu H., Saito A., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., YakushijiT., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Observation ofStrong Low-Lying E1 Strength in the Two-Neutron Halo
Nucleus 11 Li”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 252502-1–252502-4(2006).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Kameda D., Asahi K., Nagae D.,
Takemura M., Shimada K., Takase K., Sugimoto T.,
Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Murata J., and Kawamura
H.: “Electric quadrupole moments of neutron rich Al
isotope”, AIP Conf. Proc. 912, 105–109 (2007).
Murata J., Asahi K., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Nagae
D., Narota K., Shimada K., Shimoyama T., ShuehiroT., Toyoda T., Uchida M., Ueno H., and Yoshimi A.:“Beta Neutrino Correlation and T-Violation Experimentin Nuclear Beta Decay”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, No. 1,
pp. 218–221 (2007).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Sugimoto T., Shimada K., Nagae
D., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kameda D., and Asahi
K.: “Developments of atomic beam resonance methodwith RI beams”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 849–852 (2007).
Kawamura H., Kameda D., Murata J., Narota K.,
Shimoyama T., Suehiro T., Toyoda T., and Uchida M.:“Development of a New Drift Chamber based Mott Polarimeter”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 1105–1108 (2007).
Shimada K., Nagae D., Asahi K., Inoue T., Takase K.,
Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., Kobayashi Y., Ueno H.,
Yoshimi A., Kameda D., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T.,
Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa
S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Production of spin-polarized 17 N beam sing inverse-kinematics low-energy
ransfer reactions”, Hyperﬁne Interact. 180, 43–47(2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized radioactive ion beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, AIP Conf. Proc. 980, 283–288 (2008).
Kameda D., Asahi K., Ueno H., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Shimada K., Yoshimi A., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
180, 61–64 (2008).
Yoshimi A., Inoue T., Uchida M., Hatakeyama N.,
and Asahi K.: “Optical-coupling nuclear spin maser under highly stabilized low static ﬁeld”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
181, 111–114 (2008).
Sugimoto T., Asahi K., Kawamura H., Murata J., Nagae
D., Shimada K., Ueno H., and Yoshimi A.: “Development of atomic-beam resonance method to measure thenuclear moments of unstable nuclei”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
181, 141–144 (2008).
Sato W., Ueno H., Watanabe H., Miyoshi H., Yoshimi A.,
Kameda D., Ito T., Shimada K., Kaihara J., Suda S.,
Kobayashi Y., Shinohara A., Ohkubo Y., and Asahi K.:“Temperature-dependent behavior of impurity atoms
implanted in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite –An application of a new online TDPAC method–”, J. Phys.
Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 9, pp. 095001-1–095001-2 (2008).
Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi K.,
Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K., Nagatomo T.,
Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S., HatakeyamaN., Murata J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric
quadrupole moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4612–4615 (2008).
Ueno H., Nagae D., Kameda D., Asahi K., Takemura
M., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Murata
J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric quadrupole
moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 329–331 (2008).
Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Ong H., Imai N., Sakurai H., Nakao
T., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa Y., Ishihara
M., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S., SuzukiM., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Lifetime measurements of excited states in 17 C: Possible
interplay between collectivity and halo eﬀects”, Phys.
Lett. B 666, 222–227 (2008).
Zegers R. G., Brown E. F., Akimune H., Austin S.

2- 463 -

M., van den Berg A. M., Brown B. A., Chamulak D.
A., Fujita Y., Fujiwara M., Gales S., Harakeh M.
N., Hashimoto H., Hayami R., Hitt G. W., Itoh M.,
Kawabata T., Kawase K., Kinoshita M., Nakanishi K.,
Nakayama S., Okumura S., Shimbara Y., Uchida M.,
Ueno H., Yamagata T., and Yosoi M.: “Gamow-Teller
strength for the analog transitions to the ﬁrst T = 1/2,J π = 3/2− states in 13 C and 13 N and the implications
for type Ia supernovae”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 024307-1–
024307-10 (2008).
Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi
K., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S.,
Hatakeyama N., Kawamura H., Narota K., and Murata
J.: “Ground-state electric quadrupole moment of 31 Al”,
Phys. Rev. C 79, 027301-1–027301-4 (2009).
(Others)
Murata J., Akiyama T., Hata M., Hirayama Y., Ikeda
Y., Ishii T., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Mitsuoka
S., Miyatake H., Nagae D., Ninomiya K., Nitta M.,
Seitaibashi E., and Toyoda T.: “R&D for a test of time
reversal symmetry experiment using polarized nuclei”,
JAEA-Review 2008-054, 58–59 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.][(Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Ueno H.: “Status of RI Beam Factory Project at RIKEN”,
Changing Facets of Nuclear Structure: Proceedingsof the 9th International Spring Seminar on Nuclear
Physics, Vico Equense, Italy, 2007–5, World Scientiﬁc
Publishing, Singapore, pp. 13–21 (2008).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations() Conference etc.)(International
Sugimoto T., Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Asahi K., Kawamura
H., Murata J., Nagae D., and Shimada K.: “Development of ion guiding system for radio-isotope atomicbeam resonance measurements”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council ofJapan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June (2007).
Yoshimi A., Asahi K., Inoue T., Uchida M.,
and Hatakeyama N.:“Optical-coupling nuclear
spin maser and search for an atomic EDM of 129 Xe”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),(Science Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo,
June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al: Drastic shape transition between 32 Al and 31 Mg”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science
Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June(2007).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,

Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Onishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Yamada K., Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.:“The lifetime measurement of the ﬁrst 2+ state in 12 Be”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),Tokyo, June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al”, International Workshop on Nuclear Structure: New Picturesin the Extended Isospin Space (NS07), (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics), Kyoto, June (2007).
Yoshimi A., Uchida M., Inoue T., and Hatakeyama N.:“Optical-coupling nuclear spin maser under highly stabilized low static ﬁeld”, 14th International Conference onHyperﬁne Interactions and 18th International Symposium on Nuclear Quadrupole Interactions, (Universidad
Nacional de La Plata etc.,), Iguas, Brazil, Aug. (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, 14th Int. Conf. on
Hyperﬁne Interactions & 18th Int. Symp. on Nuclear
Quadrupole Interactions, ( Universidad Nacional de La
Plata), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized r/a beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, 12th Int. Workshop on Polarized Sources, Targets & Polarimetry, (Brookhaven National Laboratory),
Brookhaven, USA, Sept. (2007).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Nagatomo T., Shimada K., Ichikawa
Y., Kameda D., Sugimoto T., Sakurai H., Asahi K.,
Hasama Y., Takemura M., Kijima G., Nagae D., UchidaM., Arai T., Suda S., Takase T., Inoue T., HatakeyamaN., Kagami S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Nuclear electromagnetic moments of neutron-rich Al isotopes”, Nuclear Structure 2008, (Michigan State University, NSCL at MSU), Michigan, USA, June (2008).
Inoue T., Asahi K., Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., UchidaM., and Yoshimi A.: “Nuclear spin maser for 129 Xe
atomic EDM measurment -present status-”, 24th Advanced Studies Institute :Symmetries and Spin (SPIN-

3- 464 -

Praha-2008), (Charles University), Praha, Czech, July
(2008).
Kawamura H., Murata J., Toyoda T., Seitaibashi E., Nitta
M., Hata M., Akiyama T., Ikeda Y., Ninomiya K.,
Kameda D., Nagae D., and Hirayama Y.: “The ﬁrst Tviolation experiment at KEK-TRIAC”, 24th Advanced
Studies Institute :Symmetries and Spin (SPIN-Praha2008), (Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics), Praha, Czech, July (2008).
Yoshimi A., Asahi K., Inoue T., Uchida M., HatakeyamaN., and Kagami S.: “Nuclear spin maser at highly stabilized low magnetic ﬁeld and search for an atomic EDM”,
18th International Symposium on Spin Physics (SPIN2008), (University of Virginia), Charlottesville, USA,
Oct. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,,,,,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “12 Be 16 C”,
58,
, 3 (2003).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Anomalously long lifetime of 2+1 state of 16 C”,,
A New Era of Nuclear Structure Physics,
11(2003).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,,,,,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki
M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Experimental ﬁnding of the anomalous
quadrupole collectivity in unstable nucleus 16 C”,
2005
, (
),
, 9
(2005).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Lifetime measurement of 12Be(2+1 )”,

2005

,(

),

,9

(2005).
:“Nuclear-moment measurements utilizing fragmentation-induced spin-oriented RI beams at
RIKEN”, Workshop on Advance in Physics with ISOLbased/Fragmentation-based RI Beams, (),,2(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”OROCHI””, 5 AMO,, 6 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
In
”,
5
AMO
,
, 6 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RI
(OROCHI
)
Rb
”,
CYRIC
Fundamental Physics using
Atoms, (CYRIC),,8(2008).
: “
RIB”, RCNP
RCNP
RCNP
,(
),
,
8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
OROCHI”, RCNP
RCNP(2008).
,

,

RCNP
,
,

,

,8

,

:
”,
CYRIC
Fundamental Physics using Atoms,(
CYRIC),, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
:
129
“
Xe
EDM
”,
CYRIC
Fundamental Physics using
Atoms , (CYRIC),, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “106”, 2008
/ 52
,(
),
,
9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
: “
EDM
129
Xe
”,
2008
,(
),
, 9 (2008).
,,, Balabanski D. L., Daugas“

4- 465 -

J. M., Depuydt M., De Rydt M., Gaudefroy L., Grevy
S.,,,, Morel P., Perrot L.,
Stodel C., Thomas J. C., Vanderheyolen W., Vermeulen, Neyens G.,: “33 AlN., Vingerhoets P.,
”,
2008
,
(
),
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
OROCHI
”,
2008
,(
),
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “TRIAC
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
,,, Banerjee S. R., Chakrabarti
,
,
,
,
,
A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
2008
,
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “OROCHI”,
5,, 12 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
Ag
”,
5
,
, 12 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”OROCHI” -”,5,, 12(2008).
: “
Al
”,
5
,(
),
, 12 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “TRIAC
”,
5
,
),
, 12
(2008).
(,,, Banerjee S. R., Chakrabarti
A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
5
,(
),
,
12
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,

,

,
,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,
,

,

,

,
,
:

,3

(2009).

,
,

“
”,

64
,

,
: “

,3

(2009).
,
,

,

,

,

,

,

,
Ag
64

”,
,
,
,
,

,
,

,

,

,

,
,

,

,

,

,
,

,

,

,
,
,

,

: “
Ag

”,
64
,

,
,

,
,

,3

(2009).

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,
: “TRIAC”,(2009).
,,,,,3(2009).
,

,
,

,

,

,3

,

,
: “
”,

RI
64
,
,

,

,

,

,
,

,

,

,
,

,

,

8

Li
64

,
,
: “NewtonII
”,

,

,3

,

,
64

(2009).

5- 466 -

RNC

[Journal][](Original Papers)

Rare RI-ring Team

Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).
Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Yoshitake M., Hashizume Y.,
Kanazawa M., Kitagawa a., Kobayashi K., Moriguchi T.,
Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Sato S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi
Y., Yasuda Y., and Yamaguchi T.: “Development ofa time-of-ﬂight detector for the rare-RI ring project at
RIKEN”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 266,
4621–4624 (2008).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for precision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.][(Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa
K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi
T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Yoshitake M., Hashizume Y.,
Kanazawa M., Kitagawa a., Kobayashi K., Moriguchi T.,
Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Sato S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi
Y., Yasuda Y., and Yamaguchi T.: “Development of atime-of-ﬂight detector for rare-RI ring project at RIKEN
RIBF”, 15th International Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators and Techniques Related to their
Applications (EMIS2007), (GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS ,DSM/CEA), Deauville, France, June (2007).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators and1- 467 -

Techniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto
A., Kikuchi T., Igarashi S., Komatsubara T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi K., Yamaguchi T., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y.,
and Yasuda Y.: “Mass measurements by isochronous
storage ring in RI beam factory”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (RIKEN and others),
Tokyo, June (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes
produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yasuda Y., Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., FukunishiN., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
China, Sept. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Design of the isochronous storage ring for2
accurate mass measurement in RI beam factory”,/ 30,, 7 (2005).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,

,

,

,

,

: “
”,
,(

),

,9
,

,
,

,

,
: “

,

(2005).
,
,
,

,
,

,
,

,

,

,

,
,

,(

),

,9

”,
(2005).
,

,
,

,

,
,

,
,

,

,

,
,

,

: “

”,
,
,
,

,
,

,
,
R

,3
,

(2007).
,
,

,
,

,
,

,

,
,
,
,
:
HIMAC
TOF
”,
2007
,
,3
(2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RIBF
”,
62
,
, 9 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
Hyblid Photo
Detector”,63,, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RI
TOF
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RIBF
”,
r
- ,
, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RIBF
RI
”,
5
/
33
,
, 8 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RI
”,
2008
“

2

- 468 -

,

,9(2008).

3- 469 -RNC

SCRIT Team

Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for precision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
[Book
Proc.][
・Proceedings](Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International() Conference etc.)
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa

K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi
T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto
A., Kikuchi T., Igarashi S., Komatsubara T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi K., Yamaguchi T., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y.,
and Yasuda Y.: “Mass measurements by isochronous
storage ring in RI beam factory”, International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC2007), (RIKEN and others),
Tokyo, June (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes

1- 470 -

produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Goto A., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Hasebe
H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E., Inabe N.,
Kageyama T., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kidera M.,
Kohara S., Komiyama M., Nagase M., Kumagai K.,
Maie T., Nakagawa T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H.,
Sakamoto N., Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., Yamada K.,
Yokouchi S., and Yano Y.: “Commissioning of RIKEN
RI Beam Factory”, 18th International Conference on
Cyclotrons and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007),(Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, INFN), Giardini Naxos,
Italy, Sept.–Oct. (2007).
Fukunishi N., Yamada K., Fujimaki M., Fujinawa T., Goto
A., Hasebe H., Higurashi Y., Ikegami K., Ikezawa E.,
Inabe N., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Kohara S., KomiyamaM., Kumagai K., Maie T., Nagase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Okuno H., Ryuto H., Sakamoto N.,
Wakasugi M., Watanabe T., and Yano Y.: “Present performance and commissioning details of RIBF accelerator
complex”, 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons
and their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), (Laboratori
Nazionali del Sud), Giardini Naxos, Italy, Sept.–Oct.
(2007).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
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: “Design of the isochronous storage ring for2
accurate mass measurement in RI beam factory”,/ 30,, 7 (2005).
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2- 471 -

Experimental
Installations Operation Group
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Kobayashi T., Otsu H., Aoi N.,
Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani M.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T., Watanabe Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of
Halo Nuclei”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp.
462–466 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Iwasa N., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Akiyoshi H., AndoY., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Iwasaki H., Kubo
T., Kubono S., Kinugawa H., Kumagai H., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami H., Sagara K.,
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Yanagisawa Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “In-beam γ spectroscopy of34
Si with deuteron inelastic scattering using reverse kinematics”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 064315-1–064315-4 (2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara

M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction using the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Aoi N., Imai N., Ishihara M.,
Kobayashi T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani
M., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T.,
Watanabe Y., and Yoneda K.: “Coulomb and nuclear
breakup of a halo nucleus 11 Be”, Phys. Rev. C 70,
054606-1–054606-12 (2004).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Ohnishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takechi M., Tamaki M.,
Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Anoma+
16
C”,
lously hindered E2 Strength B(E2; 2+
1 → 0 ) in
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, No. 6, pp. 062501-1–062501-4(2004).
Yamada K., Motobayashi T., Aoi N., Baba H., Demichi K.,
Elekes Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Imai N.,
Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Notani M., OnishiT., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Togano Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Tanihata
I.: “Reduced transition probabilities for the ﬁrst 2+ excited state in 46 Cr, 50 Fe, and 54 Ni”, Eur. Phys. J. A
25, No. s01, pp. 409–413 (2005).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,

1- 472 -

Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Iwasaki H., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Gomi
T., Aoi N., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., Futakami U., Gacsi
Z., Higurashi Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Kunibu M., Kubo
T., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Minemura T., Saito A., Serata
M., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Watanabe Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Ishihara M.: “Quadrupole collectivity of 28 Ne and the boundary of the island of inversion”,
Phys. Lett. B 620, 118–124 (2005).
Ong H., Imai N., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Dombradi Z., Saito
A., Elekes Z., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., GibelinJ., Gomi T., Hasegawa H., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kawai S., Kubo T., Kurita K., MatsuyamaY., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T.,
Notani M., Ota S., Sakai H., Shimoura S., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Inelastic proton scattering on 16 C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 347–
348 (2006).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissociation of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai

S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Proton inelastic scattering studies atthe borders of the “island of inversion”: The 30,31 Na
and 33,34 Mg case”, Phys. Rev. C 73, 044314-1–0443145 (2006).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai H.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yoneda K.: “Vanishing N = 20 Shell Gap: Studyof Excited States in 27,28 Ne”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96,
182501-1–182501-4 (2006).
Nakamura T., Vinodkumar A., Sugimoto T., Aoi N., Baba
H., Bazin D. P., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Imai N., Ishihara M., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Miura M., Motobayashi T., Otsu H., Saito A., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., YakushijiT., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Observation ofStrong Low-Lying E1 Strength in the Two-Neutron Halo
Nucleus 11 Li”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 252502-1–252502-4(2006).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Ichikawa Y., Itoh Y., ItohM., Iwasaki H., Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,
Matsuo R., Nakao T., Okamura H., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K.,
Shinohara M., Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii
A., Yako K., and Yamaguchi M.: “Analyzing Power
Measurement for Elastic Scattering of 6 He on polarized
protons”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 833–836 (2007).
Miki K., Sakai H., Itoh K., Kawabata K., Kuboki H.,
Maeda Y., Noji S., Sakaguchi S., Sakamoto N., SasamotoY., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K.,
Takahashi Y., Uesaka T., and Yako K.: “Measurementof the 2 H(d, pn) Reaction at 0 degrees at 270 MeV”,
Nucl. Phys. A 790, 442c–445c (2007).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasa N.,
Iwasaki H., Kalinka G., Kanno S., Kawai S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A. A., Kubo T., Kurita
K., Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa
S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao
T., Nikolski E. Y., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Okumura
T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Perera P., Saito A.,
Sakai H., Sakurai H., Satou Y., Shimoura S., Sohler
D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Takeda H.,

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Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “The studyof shell closures in light neutron-rich nuclei”, J. Phys. G
35, 014038-1–014038-7 (2008).
Yoshida A., Suda T., Ohtsuki T., Yuki H., and Kubo T.:“Status and overview of production target for BigRIPS
separator at RIKEN”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 590, 204–212 (2008).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Itoh Y., Itoh M., Iwasaki H.,
Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsuo R., Nakao
T., Okamura H., Sakai H., Sakamoto N., SasamotoY., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Shinohara M.,
Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii A., Yako K.,
and Yamaguchi M.: “Spin-orbit potential in 6 He studied with polarized proton target”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
467–469 (2008).
Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Ong H., Imai N., Sakurai H., Nakao
T., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa Y., Ishihara
M., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S., SuzukiM., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Lifetime measurements of excited states in 17 C: Possible
interplay between collectivity and halo eﬀects”, Phys.
Lett. B 666, 222–227 (2008).
Ong H., Imai N., Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Sakurai H., OnishiT., Suzuki M., Ota S., Takeuchi S., Nakao T., ToganoY., Kondo Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa
Y., Ishihara M., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Lifetime measurements of ﬁrst excited states in 16,18 C”,
Phys. Rev. C 78, 014308-1–014308-11 (2008).
Okada K., Wada M., Nakamura T., Takamine A.,
Lioubimov V., Schury P. H., Ishida Y., Sonoda T.,
Ogawa M., Yamazaki Y., Kanai Y., Kojima T.,
Katayama I., Ohtani S., Kubo T., and Yoshida A.: “Precision Measurement of the Hyperﬁne Structure of LaserCooled Radioactive 7 Be+ Ions Produced by Projectile
Fragmentation”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 212502-1–
212502-4 (2008).
Aoi N., Takeshita E., Suzuki H., Takeuchi S., Ota S., Baba
H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong H., Ideguchi
E., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Kusaka K., MinemuraT., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Nakao T., Niikura M., Okumura T., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Tamaki
M., Tanaka K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Development of Large Deformation in 62 Cr”, Phys. Rev. Lett.
102, 012502-1–012502-4 (2009).
[Book[
Proc.]
・Proceedings](Others)
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International
Conference
etc.)
)
(
Sugimoto S., Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Miura M., Kondo
Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D. P., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Kobayashi T., Kubo T.,
Motobayashi T., Shinohara M., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., A.M. V., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y.,
T. Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.:“Breakup Reactions of Halo Nuclei”, 1st Tokyo Tech
Physics COE Symposium on Spin and Quantum Structure in Hadrons, Nuclei and Atoms (SQS04), Tokyo,
Feb. (2004).
Sugimoto S., Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Miura M., Kondo
Y., Aoi N., Baba H., Bazin D. P., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Kobayashi T., Kubo T.,
Motobayashi T., Shinohara M., Saito A., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., A.M. V., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y.,
T. Y., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.:“Invariant-Mass Spectroscopy of 14Be with a Carbon
Target at 68.1 AMeV”, 2nd Joint Meeting of the Nuclear
Physics Divisions of the APS and JPS (Hawaii 2005),
Maui, USA, Sept. (2005).
Kanno S., Aoi N., Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher
T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Mueller W. F., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Suzuki H.,
Takeuchi S., Terry J. R., Yoneda K., and Zwahlen H.:“Weakening of Z=28 shell closure in 74 Ni”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams(DREB2007), (RIKEN Nishina Center, Kyushu University, Center for Nuclear Study (University of Tokyo)),wako, May–June (2007).
Takeuchi S., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukui T., hashimoto ., Ieki
K., Imai K., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Kurita K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki
H., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Tamaki M., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Collectivity in 32 Mg : astudy of low-lying states”, International Nuclear Physics
Conference (INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2007).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,3- 474 -

Notani M., Onishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M.,
Yamada K., Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.:“The lifetime measurement of the ﬁrst 2+ state in 12 Be”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),Tokyo, June (2007).
Kanno S., Aoi N., Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher
T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Mueller W. F., Nakamura T., Sakurai H., Suzuki H.,
Takeuchi S., Terry J. R., Yoneda K., and Zwahlen H.:“Weakening of Z=28 shell closure in 74 Ni”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Wako, June(2007).
Kondo Y., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Aoi N., Otsu
H., Yanagisawa Y., Fukuda N., Takeuchi S., Ishihara
M., Baba H., Gomi T., Imai N., Kubo T., Yoneda
K., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Sugimoto T., MatsuiN., Attukalathil V. M., Okumura T., Hashimoto Y.,
Nakabayashi T., Shinohara M., Miura M., KobayashiT., Matsuda Y., Endo N., Kitayama M., Watanabe K.,
Yakushiji T., Togano Y., Kawai S., Hasegawa H., OnishiT., Ong H., Shimoura S., Tamaki M., Saito A., Bazin
D. P., and Watanabe Y.: “Breakup reactions of 14Be”,
Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct Reactions
2008, (Michigan State University), East Lansing, USA,
Feb. (2008).
Takeuchi S., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukui T., hashimoto .,Ieki K., Imai K., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y.,
Kubo T., Kurita K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T.,
Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T.,
Ota S., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D.,
Suzuki H., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Tamaki M., Tanaka
K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Low-lying states in32Mg”, Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct
Reactions 2008, East lansing, USA, Feb. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “12 Be 16 C”,
58,
, 3 (2003).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Bazin D. P.,,, A.M.
V.,, T. Y.,,,,,: “ 17B(2) ”,
58,,3(2003).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Anomalously long lifetime of 2+1 state of 16 C”,
A New Era of Nuclear Structure Physics,,
11 (2003).
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Bazin D. P.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, A.M. V.,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Invariant-mass spectroscopy of 13Be”,
59,,
3 (2004).
,, A.M. V.,,,,,, Bazin D. P.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Invariant-Mass
Spectroscopy of Unbound 11Li, 13Be, and 17B Nuclei”,
21
COE
1
,
, 3 (2004).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki
M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Experimental ﬁnding of the anomalous
quadrupole collectivity in unstable nucleus 16 C”,
2005
, (
),
, 9
(2005).
,,,,, Kawasaki H.,, Dombradi Z., Elekes Z.,, Fulop Z.,
Gelberg A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Suzuki M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “Lifetime measurement of 12Be(2+1 )”,
2005
,(
),
,9
(2005).
,,,: “BigRIPS
”,
4
32
,
, 8 (2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
PHITS
”, 4 PHITS“RIBF BigRIPS,(),,2(2008).
,, Bazin D., Bowen M. D., Campbell
C. M., Cook J. M., Dinca D., Gade A., Glasmacher

4- 475 -

T.,,,,
, Mueller
W. F.,,,,, Terry J.
, Zwahlen H.: “Proton core polarizaR.,tion in neutron-rich nucleus 74 Ni”, Workshop on Advance in Physics with ISOL-based/Fragmentation-based, 2 (2008).
RI Beams, (TITECH),,,, Banerjee S. R., Chakrabarti
A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
2008
,
, 9 (2008).
,,, Banerjee S. R., Chakrabarti
A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
5
,(
),
,
12
(2008).

5- 476 -RNC

GARIS Team

Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Haba H., Kikunaga H., Kaji D., Akiyama T., MorimotoK., Morita K., Nanri T., Ooe K., Sato N., Shinohara
A., Suzuki D., Takabe T., Yamazaki I., Yokoyama A.,
and Yoneda A.: “Performance of the gas-jet transportsystem coupled to the RIKEN gas-ﬁlled recoil ion separator GARIS for the 238U(22Ne,5n)255No reaction”, J.
Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 9, No. 1, pp. 27–31 (2008).

1- 477 -

RNC

[Journal][](Original Papers)

BigRIPS Team
Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Kobayashi T., Otsu H., Aoi N.,
Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani M.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T., Watanabe Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of
Halo Nuclei”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp.
462–466 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction using the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).

Ueno H., Asahi K., Ogawa H., Kameda D., Miyoshi H.,
Yoshimi A., Watanabe H., Shimada K., Sato W., Yoneda
K., Imai N., Kobayashi Y., Ishihara M., and Wolf-Dieter
S.: “Measurement of nuclear moments in the region oflight neutron-rich nuclei”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 211–215(2004).
Fukuda N., Nakamura T., Aoi N., Imai N., Ishihara M.,
Kobayashi T., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Mengoni A., Notani
M., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Teranishi T.,
Watanabe Y., and Yoneda K.: “Coulomb and nuclear
breakup of a halo nucleus 11 Be”, Phys. Rev. C 70,
054606-1–054606-12 (2004).
Imai N., Ong H., Aoi N., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Z., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Notani M., Ohnishi T., Saito A., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Takechi M., Tamaki M.,
Yoneda K., Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Anoma+
16
C”,
lously hindered E2 Strength B(E2; 2+
1 → 0 ) in
Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, No. 6, pp. 062501-1–062501-4(2004).
Hatano M., Sakai H., Wakui T., Uesaka T., Aoi N.,
Ichikawa Y., Ikeda T., Itoh K., Iwasaki H., KawabataT., Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Matsui N., Ohnishi T.,
Ohnishi T., Saito T., Sakamoto N., Sasano M., SatouY., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Yako K.: “First experiment of 6He with a polarized proton target”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp.
255–258 (2005).
Kannungo R., Chiba M., Abu-Ibrahim B., Adhikari S.,
Fang D., Iwasa N., Kimura K., Maeda K., Nishimura S.,
Ohnishi T., Ozawa A., Samanta C., Suda T., Suzuki T.,
Wang Q., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y., Yamada K., YoshidaA., Zheng T., and Tanihata I.: “A new view to the structure of 19C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 261–262(2005).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai1

- 478 -

N., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., Takechi
M., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Low-lying
excited states in 17,19C”, Phys. Lett. B 614, 174–180(2005).
Iwasaki H., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Gomi
T., Aoi N., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., Futakami U., Gacsi
Z., Higurashi Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Kunibu M., Kubo
T., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Minemura T., Saito A., Serata
M., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Watanabe Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Ishihara M.: “Quadrupole collectivity of 28 Ne and the boundary of the island of inversion”,
Phys. Lett. B 620, 118–124 (2005).
Dombradi Z., Elekes Z., Kanungo R., Baba H., Fulop
Z., Gibelin J. D., Horvath A., Ideguchi E., Ichikawa
Y., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kondo
Y., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Ohnishi T., Ozawa
A., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tanihata I., Togano Y., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A., and Yoshida K.: “Decoupling of valence neutrons from the core in 17 B”, Phys.
Lett. B 621, 81–88 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissociation of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,

Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Hatano M., IsupovY., Kato H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A.,
Nishikawa J., Ohnishi T., Okumura H., Reznikov S.,
Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Sakoda S., Saito T., Sekiguchi
K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.:“Tensor Analyzing Power T20 of the dd → 3 Hen and dd→ 3 Hp Reactions at Zero Angle for Energies 140, 200,
and 270 MeV”, Phys. At. Nucl. 69, 1271–1278 (2006).
Yamaguchi T., Ohnishi T., Suzuki T., Becker T., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kelic A., Kimura K.,
Mandel S., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima S., Ohtsubo T.,
Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M., Sitar B., Strmen P.,
Suda T., Summerer K., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takechi
M., Takisawa A., and Tanaka K.: “Production cross sections of isotopes formed by fragmentation of similar to
1A (GeVKr)-Kr-80 beam”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 0446081–044608-5 (2006).
Nakamura T., Vinodkumar A., Sugimoto T., Aoi N., Baba
H., Bazin D. P., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Imai N., Ishihara M., Kobayashi T., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Miura M., Motobayashi T., Otsu H., Saito A., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Watanabe K., Watanabe Y., YakushijiT., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Observation ofStrong Low-Lying E1 Strength in the Two-Neutron Halo
Nucleus 11 Li”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 252502-1–252502-4(2006).
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Saito A., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J. D., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kawai
S., Kishida T., Kubo T., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Notani
M., Ohnishi T., Ong H., Ota S., Ozawa A., Sakai
H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeshita E., TakeuchiS., Tamaki M., Togano Y., Yamada K., Yanagisawa
Y., and Yoneda K.: “Study of N =20 shell gap with1
H(28 Ne,27,28 Ne) reactions”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 150, 99–102 (2007).
Shimada K., Nagae D., Asahi K., Inoue T., Takase K.,
Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., Kobayashi Y., Ueno H.,
Yoshimi A., Kameda D., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T.,
Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa
S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Production of spinpolarized 17 N beam sing inverse-kinematics low-energy
ransfer reactions”, Hyperﬁne Interact. 180, 43–47(2007).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Nummerer S.,
Becker F., Fukuda M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janike
R., Kimura K., Mandal S., Munzenberg G., Nakajima

2- 479 -

S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Orochazka A., Shindo M.,
Strmen P., Suda T., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takisawa
A., Takechi M., and Tanaka K.: “Nuclear radii ofneutron-deﬁcient Kr isotopes studied via their interaction cross-sections at relativistic energies”, Nucl. Phys.
A 787, 471c–475c (2007).
Fang D., Guo W., Ma. C., Wang K., Yang T., Ma. Y., Cai
X., Shen W., Ren Z., Sun Z., Chen J., Tian W., Zhong
C., Hosoi M., Izumikawa T., Kanungo R., Nakajima S.,
Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Suda T., Sugawara
K., Suzuki T., Takisawa A., Tanaka K., Yamaguchi T.,
and Tanihata I.: “Examining the exotic structure of the
proton-rich nucleus 23Al”, Phys. Rev. C 76, 031601-1–
031601-5 (2007).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Janek M., Kiselev A.,
Kurilkin A., Vasiliev A., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato
H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J.,
Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakoda
S., Sakamoto N., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii
A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in
the dd → 3 Hen(3 Hp) reactions at intermediate energies”,
AIP Conf. Proc. 1011, 235–240 (2008).
Kurilkin A., Saito T., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev T.,
Janek M., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato K., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Measurement of thevector Ay and tensor Ayy , Axx , Axz analyzing powers
for the dd →3 Hp reaction at 200 MeV”, Eur. Phys. J.
Special Topics 162, 133–136 (2008).
Kiselev A., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev A., Janek M.,
Saito T., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato H., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in the12� p)13 C reaction at the energy Td = 270 MeV”,
C(d,Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 162, 143–146 (2008).
Kameda D., Asahi K., Ueno H., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Shimada K., Yoshimi A., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
180, 61–64 (2008).
Sato W., Ueno H., Watanabe H., Miyoshi H., Yoshimi A.,
Kameda D., Ito T., Shimada K., Kaihara J., Suda S.,
Kobayashi Y., Shinohara A., Ohkubo Y., and Asahi K.:“Temperature-dependent behavior of impurity atoms
implanted in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite –An application of a new online TDPAC method–”, J. Phys.
Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 9, pp. 095001-1–095001-2 (2008).
Yoshida A., Suda T., Ohtsuki T., Yuki H., and Kubo T.:“Status and overview of production target for BigRIPS

separator at RIKEN”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 590, 204–212 (2008).
Yamaguchi Y., Ozawa A., Goto A., Arai I., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Kikuchi T., Ohnishi T., OhtsuboT., Sakurai H., Suzuki T., Wakasugi M., YamaguchiT., Yasuda Y., and Yano Y.: “Rara-RI ring project at
RIKEN RI beam factory”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4575–4578 (2008).
Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi K.,
Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K., Nagatomo T.,
Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S., HatakeyamaN., Murata J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric
quadrupole moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. B 266, 4612–4615 (2008).
Ueno H., Nagae D., Kameda D., Asahi K., Takemura
M., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Murata
J., Kawamura H., and Narota K.: “Electric quadrupole
moment of 31 Al”, Nucl. Phys. A 805, 329–331 (2008).
Aoi N., Suzuki H., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ota S., Baba
H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong H., Ideguchi
E., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo
Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Kusaka K., Minemura T.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao
T., Niikura M., Okumura T., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Tamaki M.,
Tanaka K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Shape transition observed in neutron-rich pf-shell isotopes studied
via proton inelastic scattering”, Nucl. Phys. A 805,
400c–407c (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Becker F., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kimura K., KubokiT., Mandel S., Matsuo M., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M.,
Sitar B., Strmen P., Suda T., Suemmerer K., Sugawara
K., Szarka I., Takechi M., Takisawa A., Tanaka K.,
and Yamagami M.: “Nuclear matter radii of neutrondeﬁcient Kr isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315-1–
034315-6 (2008).
Wakasugi M., Emoto T., Furukawa Y., Ishii K., Ito
S., Koseki T., Kurita K., Kuwajima A., Masuda T.,
Morikawa A., Nakamura M., Noda A., Ohnishi T., ShiraiT., Suda T., Takeda H., Tamae T., Tongu H., Wang S.,
and Yano Y.: “Novel Internal Target for Electron Scattering oﬀ Unstable Nuclei”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
164801-1–164801-4 (2008).
Okada K., Wada M., Nakamura T., Takamine A.,
Lioubimov V., Schury P. H., Ishida Y., Sonoda T.,
Ogawa M., Yamazaki Y., Kanai Y., Kojima T.,
Katayama I., Ohtani S., Kubo T., and Yoshida A.: “Precision Measurement of the Hyperﬁne Structure of LaserCooled Radioactive 7 Be+ Ions Produced by Projectile
Fragmentation”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 212502-1–
212502-4 (2008).

3- 480 -Nagae D., Ueno H., Kameda D., Takemura M., Asahi
K., Takase K., Yoshimi A., Sugimoto T., Shimada K.,
Nagatomo T., Uchida M., Arai T., Inoue T., Kagami S.,
Hatakeyama N., Kawamura H., Narota K., and Murata
J.: “Ground-state electric quadrupole moment of 31 Al”,
Phys. Rev. C 79, 027301-1–027301-4 (2009).
(Others)
Nakajima S., Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Arai I., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “New scheme for precision mass measurements of rare isotopes produced at
RI beam factory”, Acta Phys. Pol. B 39, No. 2, pp.
457–462 (2008).
Murata J., Akiyama T., Hata M., Hirayama Y., Ikeda
Y., Ishii T., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Mitsuoka
S., Miyatake H., Nagae D., Ninomiya K., Nitta M.,
Seitaibashi E., and Toyoda T.: “R&D for a test of time
reversal symmetry experiment using polarized nuclei”,
JAEA-Review 2008-054, 58–59 (2008).
Proc.][[Book・Proceedings](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., YoshidaK., Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New
DAQ System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Dresden, Germany,
2008–10, IEEE, Dresden, pp. 1384–1386 (2008).
Ohnishi J., Nakagawa T., Higurashi Y., Okuno H., Kusaka
K., and Goto A.: “Construction and test of the superconducting coils for RIKEN SC-ECR ion source”,
Proceedings of the 11th European Particle Accelerator
Conference (EPAC 2008), Genoa, 2008–6, The European Physical Society Accelerator Group, -, pp. 433–435(2008).
Yoshida A.: “Status of the target system for BigRIPS
in-ﬂight RI beam separator”, PSI Proceedings 07-01,
Bad Zurzach, Switzerland, 2007–9, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Villigen, pp. 81–83 (2008).
(Others)
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kikuchi T.,
Komatsubara T., Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H.,
Ozawa A., Sasa K., Suzuki T., Tagisi Y., Takeda H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi Y., and YanoY.: “Mass measurements by an isochronous storage
ring at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of
the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 297–300 (2005).
Yamaguchi M., Arai I., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kusaka
K., Kikuchi T., Komatsubara T., Kubo T., OhnishiT., Ohtsubo T., Okuno H., Ozawa A., Sasa K., SuzukiT., Tagisi Y., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi T.,
Yamaguchi Y., and Yano Y.: “Design of an isochronous
storage ring and an injection line for mass measurements at the RIKEN RI beam factory”, Proceedings of

the 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at
Storage Rings (STORI ’05), Bonn, Germany, 2005–5,
Forschungszentrum Julich, Julich, pp. 315–319 (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, Proceedings of the 2nd International
Workshop on Recent Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), Tsukuba, 2006–3, KEK, Tsukuba, pp.
127–131 (2006).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Yamaguchi T., Ozawa A., Arai I., Komatsubara T., Sasa
K., Tagisi Y., Yamaguchi M., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda
H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Yamaguchi Y., and Kikuchi
T.: “Mass measurements in RIKEN”, 6th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings(STORI-05), (Research Center Julich), Bonn, Germany,
May (2005).
Kikuchi T., Horioka K., Ozawa A., Kawata S., Yamaguchi
Y., Fukunishi N., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ohta H., Fujinawa T., Sasa
K., Komatsubara T., Suzuki T., Ohtsubo T., Goto
A., Ohnishi T., Okuno H., Takeda H., and Yano Y.:“Individual correction using induction modulator formass measurements by isochronous ring in RIKEN RI
beam factory”, 2nd International Workshop on Recent
Progress in Induction Accelerators (RPIA2006), (KEK ,Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tsukuba, Mar. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda
Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., OhnishiT., Okuno H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi
M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T.,
Yamaguchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Isochronous ringat RIKEN”, Workshop on Advanced Laser and Mass
Spectroscopy ALMAS-1: Innovative Physics Ideas,(Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung (GSI)), Darmstadt, Germany, Oct. (2006).
Arai I., Komatsubara T., Ozawa A., Sasa K., Yasuda Y.,
Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Okuno
H., Takeda H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi M., Yamaguchi
Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare RI ring”, RIBF International
Collaboration Workshop on Experiments at the RIBF,
Wako, Nov. (2006).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,

4- 481 -

Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopy of
13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactionsof 14Be”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams (DREB2007), Wako, May–June(2007).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al: Drastic shape transition between 32 Al and 31 Mg”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science
Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June(2007).
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., ToganoY., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopyof 13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactions”, International Symposium & School on Frontiers and Perspectives of Nuclear and Hadron Physics(FPNH07), (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tokyo,
June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al”, International Workshop on Nuclear Structure: New Picturesin the Extended Isospin Space (NS07), (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics), Kyoto, June (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes
produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Kondo Y., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Aoi N., Otsu

H., Yanagisawa Y., Fukuda N., Takeuchi S., Ishihara
M., Baba H., Gomi T., Imai N., Kubo T., Yoneda
K., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Sugimoto T., MatsuiN., Attukalathil V. M., Okumura T., Hashimoto Y.,
Nakabayashi T., Shinohara M., Miura M., KobayashiT., Matsuda Y., Endo N., Kitayama M., Watanabe K.,
Yakushiji T., Togano Y., Kawai S., Hasegawa H., OnishiT., Ong H., Shimoura S., Tamaki M., Saito A., Bazin
D. P., and Watanabe Y.: “Breakup reactions of 14Be”,
Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct Reactions
2008, (Michigan State University), East Lansing, USA,
Feb. (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Nagatomo T., Shimada K., Ichikawa
Y., Kameda D., Sugimoto T., Sakurai H., Asahi K.,
Hasama Y., Takemura M., Kijima G., Nagae D., UchidaM., Arai T., Suda S., Takase T., Inoue T., HatakeyamaN., Kagami S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Nuclear electromagnetic moments of neutron-rich Al isotopes”, Nuclear Structure 2008, (Michigan State University, NSCL at MSU), Michigan, USA, June (2008).
Kawamura H., Murata J., Toyoda T., Seitaibashi E., Nitta
M., Hata M., Akiyama T., Ikeda Y., Ninomiya K.,
Kameda D., Nagae D., and Hirayama Y.: “The ﬁrst Tviolation experiment at KEK-TRIAC”, 24th Advanced
Studies Institute :Symmetries and Spin (SPIN-Praha2008), (Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics), Praha, Czech, July (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yasuda Y., Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., FukunishiN., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
China, Sept. (2008).
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., Yoshida K.,
Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New DAQ
System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 Nuclear Science Sym-

5

- 482 -

Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Togano Y.,
and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopy of
13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactionsof 14Be”, 5th International Workshop on Direct Reaction with Exotic Beams (DREB2007), Wako, May–June(2007).
Yamaguchi Y., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yano Y., Ozawa
A., Arai I., Yasuda Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Rare-RI ring projectat RI Beam factory in RIKEN”, 15th International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications (EMIS2007),(GANIL , IN2P3/CNRS , DSM/CEA), Deauville,
France, June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al: Drastic shape transition between 32 Al and 31 Mg”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science
Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June(2007). Conference)(Domestic
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Aoi N., Endo N.,
Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara M., Kawai
S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Matsui N.,
Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Okumura T., Ong H.,
Onishi T., Otsu H., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Shinohara
M., Sugimoto T., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., ToganoY., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Invariant mass spectroscopyof 13Be and 14Be via the proton-induced breakup reactions”, International Symposium & School on Frontiers and Perspectives of Nuclear and Hadron Physics(FPNH07), (Tokyo Institute of Technology), Tokyo,
June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al”, International Workshop on Nuclear Structure: New Picturesin the Extended Isospin Space (NS07), (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics), Kyoto, June (2007).
Nakajima S., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T.,
Fukunishi N., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H.,
Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Ozawa A., AraiI., Yasuda Y., Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Newscheme for precision mass measurement of rare isotopes
produced at RI beam factory”, 30th Mazurian Lakes
Conference on Physics : Nuclear Physics and the Fundamental Processes, (IPJ ; University of Warsaw ; ProPhysica), Piaski, Poland, Sept. (2007).
Kondo Y., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Aoi N., Otsu

H., Yanagisawa Y., Fukuda N., Takeuchi S., Ishihara
M., Baba H., Gomi T., Imai N., Kubo T., Yoneda
K., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Sugimoto T., MatsuiN., Attukalathil V. M., Okumura T., Hashimoto Y.,
Nakabayashi T., Shinohara M., Miura M., KobayashiT., Matsuda Y., Endo N., Kitayama M., Watanabe K.,
Yakushiji T., Togano Y., Kawai S., Hasegawa H., OnishiT., Ong H., Shimoura S., Tamaki M., Saito A., Bazin
D. P., and Watanabe Y.: “Breakup reactions of 14Be”,
Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct Reactions
2008, (Michigan State University), East Lansing, USA,
Feb. (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Fujinawa T., Fukunishi N., Goto A.,
Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y.,
Yano Y., Arai I., Moriguchi T., Ozawa A., YasudaY., Nakajima S., Kuboki T., Suzuki T., Kikuchi T.,
and Ohtsubo T.: “Storage-ring mass spectrometry”,
ETC Workshop on Mass Olympics, (GSI , FIAS),
Trento, Italy, May (2008).
Yoshimi A., Ueno H., Nagatomo T., Shimada K., Ichikawa
Y., Kameda D., Sugimoto T., Sakurai H., Asahi K.,
Hasama Y., Takemura M., Kijima G., Nagae D., UchidaM., Arai T., Suda S., Takase T., Inoue T., HatakeyamaN., Kagami S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Nuclear electromagnetic moments of neutron-rich Al isotopes”, Nuclear Structure 2008, (Michigan State University, NSCL at MSU), Michigan, USA, June (2008).
Kawamura H., Murata J., Toyoda T., Seitaibashi E., Nitta
M., Hata M., Akiyama T., Ikeda Y., Ninomiya K.,
Kameda D., Nagae D., and Hirayama Y.: “The ﬁrst Tviolation experiment at KEK-TRIAC”, 24th Advanced
Studies Institute :Symmetries and Spin (SPIN-Praha2008), (Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics), Praha, Czech, July (2008).
Yamaguchi T., Arai I., Ozawa A., Yasuda Y., Fujinawa
T., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Hara K., Ohnishi T., Sakurai
H., Wakasugi M., Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Kikuchi T.,
Suzuki T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Beam optics simulation
for rare-RI ring at RI beam factory in RIKEN”, 7thInternational Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage
Rings STORI’08, (Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation ofChina), Lanzhou, China, Sept. (2008).
Yasuda Y., Ozawa A., Arai I., Fujinawa T., FukunishiN., Goto A., Ohnishi T., Sakurai H., Wakasugi M.,
Yamaguchi Y., Yano Y., Suzuki T., Yamaguchi T.,
Kikuchi T., and Ohtsubo T.: “Present status of rare-RI
ring project in RIKEN RIBF”, 7th International Conference on Nuclear Physics at Storage Rings STORI’08,(Instutute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Foundation of China), Lanzhou,
China, Sept. (2008).
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., Yoshida K.,
Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New DAQ
System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 Nuclear Science Sym-

5

- 483 -

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Computing
and Network Team
RNC

[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Suzuki D., Iwasaki H., Ong H., Imai N., Sakurai H., Nakao
T., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S., Ichikawa Y., Ishihara
M., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Motobayashi T.,
Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S., SuzukiM., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Lifetime measurements of excited states in 17 C: Possible
interplay between collectivity and halo eﬀects”, Phys.
Lett. B 666, 222–227 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings][
Proc.](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., YoshidaK., Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New
DAQ System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Dresden, Germany,
2008–10, IEEE, Dresden, pp. 1384–1386 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International) Conference etc.)(
Kondo Y., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Aoi N., Otsu
H., Yanagisawa Y., Fukuda N., Takeuchi S., Ishihara
M., Baba H., Gomi T., Imai N., Kubo T., Yoneda
K., Nakamura T., Sato Y., Sugimoto T., MatsuiN., Attukalathil V. M., Okumura T., Hashimoto Y.,
Nakabayashi T., Shinohara M., Miura M., KobayashiT., Matsuda Y., Endo N., Kitayama M., Watanabe K.,
Yakushiji T., Togano Y., Kawai S., Hasegawa H., OnishiT., Ong H., Shimoura S., Tamaki M., Saito A., Bazin
D. P., and Watanabe Y.: “Breakup reactions of 14Be”,
Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct Reactions
2008, (Michigan State University), East Lansing, USA,
Feb. (2008).
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., Yoshida K.,
Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New DAQ
System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and 16th Room
Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop, Dresden, Germany, Oct. (2008).

1- 485 -

Detector Team
RNC[[Journal]](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Iwasaki H., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Yoneda K., Gomi
T., Aoi N., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., Futakami U., Gacsi
Z., Higurashi Y., Imai N., Iwasa N., Kunibu M., Kubo
T., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Minemura T., Saito A., Serata
M., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Watanabe Y., Yamada K.,
Yanagisawa Y., and Ishihara M.: “Quadrupole collectivity of 28 Ne and the boundary of the island of inversion”,
Phys. Lett. B 620, 118–124 (2005).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Becker F., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kimura K., KubokiT., Mandel S., Matsuo M., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M.,
Sitar B., Strmen P., Suda T., Suemmerer K., Sugawara
K., Szarka I., Takechi M., Takisawa A., Tanaka K.,
and Yamagami M.: “Nuclear matter radii of neutrondeﬁcient Kr isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315-1–
034315-6 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Wada M., Takamine A., Okada K., Sonoda T., Schury P.
H., Lioubimov V., Yamazaki Y., Kanai Y., Kojima T.,
Kubo T., Iimura H., Katayama I., Ohtani S., Wollnik
H., and Schuch R. H.: “Universal Slow RI-Beam Facility
at RIKEN RIBF for Laser Spectroscopy of Short-Lived
Nuclei”, International Conference on Laser Probing 2008
(LAP 2008), (Nagoya University), Nagoya, Oct. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
:
HIMAC
TOF
“
”,
2007
,
,3
(2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RI
TOF
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).
,, Dobroiu A.,
,
,
,
: “
”, 2008,(),,5(2008).
,, Dobroiu A.,
,
,
,
: “
2
”,
7
,
, 5 (2008).

1- 486 -

User
Liaison and Support Group
RNC[[Journal]](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Otsu H., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y., Kitayama M.,
Inafuku K., Ozawa A., Satou Y., Suda T., Yoshida K.,
and Sakaguchi H.: “Measurement of the H(38s,p’) reaction at forward angles including 0 degree”, Nucl. Phys.
A 788, 266c–270c (1997).
Takechi M., Fukuda M., Mihara M., Chinda T.,
Matsumasa T., Matsubara H., Nakashima Y., Matsuta
K., Minamisono T., Koyama R., Shinosaki W.,
Takahashi M., Takisawa A., Ohtsubo T., Suzuki T.,
Momota S., Hatanaka K., Suda T., Sasaki M., Sato S.,
and Kitagawa A.: “Reaction cross-sections for stable nuclei and nucleon density distribution of proton drip-line
nucleus 8B”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 217–219(2005).
Kannungo R., Chiba M., Abu-Ibrahim B., Adhikari S.,
Fang D., Iwasa N., Kimura K., Maeda K., Nishimura S.,
Ohnishi T., Ozawa A., Samanta C., Suda T., Suzuki T.,
Wang Q., Wu C., Yamaguchi Y., Yamada K., YoshidaA., Zheng T., and Tanihata I.: “A new view to the structure of 19C”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 261–262(2005).
Yamaguchi T., Ohnishi T., Suzuki T., Becker T., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kelic A., Kimura K.,
Mandel S., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima S., Ohtsubo T.,
Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M., Sitar B., Strmen P.,
Suda T., Summerer K., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takechi
M., Takisawa A., and Tanaka K.: “Production cross sections of isotopes formed by fragmentation of similar to
1A (GeVKr)-Kr-80 beam”, Phys. Rev. C 74, 0446081–044608-5 (2006).
Fang D., Guo W., Ma. C., Wang K., Yang T., Ma. Y., Cai
X., Shen W., Ren Z., Sun Z., Chen J., Tian W., Zhong
C., Hosoi M., Izumikawa T., Kanungo R., Nakajima S.,
Ohnishi T., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Suda T., Sugawara
K., Suzuki T., Takisawa A., Tanaka K., Yamaguchi T.,
and Tanihata I.: “Examining the exotic structure of the
proton-rich nucleus 23Al”, Phys. Rev. C 76, 031601-1–
031601-5 (2007).
Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Becker F., Fukuda
M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janik R., Kimura K., KubokiT., Mandel S., Matsuo M., Muenzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Prochazka A., Shindo M.,
Sitar B., Strmen P., Suda T., Suemmerer K., Sugawara
K., Szarka I., Takechi M., Takisawa A., Tanaka K.,
and Yamagami M.: “Nuclear matter radii of neutrondeﬁcient Kr isotopes”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 034315-1–
034315-6 (2008).

Suda T.: “A novel ion trap for electron scattering oﬀ shortlived unstable nuclei”, Gordon conference on photonuclear reactions 2008, Tilton, USA, Aug. (2008).
Suda T.: “Electron scattering from short-lived exotic nuclei using a novel internal target : SCRIT”, JLAB workshop on Lead Radius Experiment (PREX), Newport
News, USA, Aug. (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)

1- 487 -

User Support Office
RNC[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Yamaguchi T., Suzuki T., Ohnishi T., Nummerer S.,
Becker F., Fukuda M., Geissel H., Hosoi M., Janike
R., Kimura K., Mandal S., Munzenberg G., Nakajima
S., Ohtsubo T., Ozawa A., Orochazka A., Shindo M.,
Strmen P., Suda T., Sugawara K., Szarka I., Takisawa
A., Takechi M., and Tanaka K.: “Nuclear radii ofneutron-deﬁcient Kr isotopes studied via their interaction cross-sections at relativistic energies”, Nucl. Phys.
A 787, 471c–475c (2007).
Yoshida A., Suda T., Ohtsuki T., Yuki H., and Kubo T.:“Status and overview of production target for BigRIPS
separator at RIKEN”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys.
Res. A 590, 204–212 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International) Conference etc.)
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
“
HIMAC
TOF
”,
2007
,
(2007).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
RI
TOF
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).

,
:
,3
,
,

1

- 488 -

Experiment
Support Team
RNC
Publications
Publications[Book
Proceedings]
・[
Proc.](Others)
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams, Nashville, USA, 2008–8, ICFA, , p.
(2009).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International
Conference
etc.)
)
(
Hasebe H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Goto A., Kase M.,
and Yano Y.: “Polymer coating method developed forcarbon stripper foils”, 23rd World Conference of the
INTDS, (High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)), Tsukuba, Oct. (2006).
Okuno H., Fukunishi N., Fujinawa T., Goto A., Higurashi
Y., Ikezawa E., Kamigaito O., Kase M., Nakagawa
T., Ohnishi J., Sato Y., Yano Y., and Ostroumov P.:“Heavy Ion Accelerators for RIKEN RI Beam Factoryand Upgrade Plans”, 42nd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High-Intensity, High-Brightness
Hadron Beams (HB2008), (Oakridge National Laboratory), Nashville, USA, Aug. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
: “
RIBF
”,
5
/ 33
,(
),
, 8 (2008).

1- 489 -

Industrial
RNC Cooperation Team
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
,
,
,
,
: “m
fMRI
”,
10, No. 1, pp. 99–108 (2008).
(Review): “
RI”,, No. 117, pp. 26–30 (2008).
,
,
,
: “
”,
50, No. 9, pp. 524–530(2008).
(Technical Document)
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
, No.
NC2007-94(2008-1), pp. 43–48 (2008).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Takeichi H., Koyama S., Foster B. L., and Liley D.: “ACoherence analysis of EEG response to speech modulated by m-sequence”, Cognitive Neuroscience Society(CNS) 2008 Annual Meeting, San Francisco, USA, Apr.
(2008).
Inoue Y., Ogawa A., Arai K., Matsumoto H., ToyomakiA., Takeichi H., Omori T., Koyama S., Morotomi T.,
and Kitazaki M.: “Feature Analysis of Event-related
Brain Potentials by Statistical Classiﬁcation: Application of Naive Bayes Method and Principal Component
Analysis to Predicting Auditory Stimuli”, 14th Annual
Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping,
Melbourne, Australia, June (2008).
Takeuchi F., Takeichi H., Koyama S., and Cichocki A.: “A
new technique for accessing verbal comprehension using magnetoencephalography”, 16th International Conference on Biomagnetism (BIOMAG 2008), (Japan Biomagnetism and Bioelectromagnetics Society), Sapporo,Aug. (2008).
Koyama S., Inoue Y., Toyomaki A., Toyosawa Y., Ogawa
A., Takeuchi F., Takeichi H., Omori T., Kitazaki M.,
and Kuriki S.: “Evoked magnetic reponses to short temporal gaps between sounds”, 16th International Conference on Biomagnetism (BIOMAG 2008), (Japan Biomagnetism and Bioelectromagnetics Society), Sapporo,Aug. (2008).
Takeichi H., Dumoulin S. O., Wandell B. A., Masuda Y.,
Shigemasu H., Kitazaki M., and Nakadomari S.: “Diﬀerent responses of human V1 and V2 to stereoscopic stimulus: an application of visual ﬁeld mapping”, 38th Annual Meeting of Society for Neuroscience (Neuroscience2008), Washington DC, USA, Nov. (2008).
Koyama S., Takeichi H., Gunji A., Kaga M., Cichocki A.,

Okada H., and Omori T.: “EEG responses associatedwith verbal comprehension in school age children: A
new technique using m-sequence modulation”, 38th Annual Meeting of Society for Neuroscience (Neuroscience2008), Washington DC, USA, Nov. (2008).
Tamura T., Gunji A., Koyama S., Kitazaki M., Shigemasu
H., Matsuzaki N., and Takeichi H.: “Speech-related
rhythmic activities in the motor cortex”, 38th Annual Meeting of Society for Neuroscience (Neuroscience2008), Washington DC, USA, Nov. (2008).
Takeichi H., Koyama S., Foster B. L., and Liley D.: “Acoherence analysis of independent-component electroencephalogram”, 10th RIES-Hokudai International Symposium on aya, (RIES, Hokkaido University), Sapporo,Dec. (2008).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “EEG rhythm changes associated with speech31
Neurorelated movements”,
science 2008 ,,7(2008).
,: “Volterra Series Analysis of Scalp
EEG Responses to Spoken Sentences Modulated by M31
Neuroscience
Sequence”,
2008 ,, 7 (2008).
,
,
,
,
: “
m
fMRI
”,
72
,
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
:
“
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).

1- 490 -

Radiation Laboratory
RNC[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 557–558 (2002).
Kanno S., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Coulomb Excitation of 24 Si”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 146, pp. 575–576 (2002).
Matsuyama Y., Motobayashi T., Shimoura S., Minemura
T., Saito A., Baba H., Akiyoshi H., Aoi N., AndoY., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Sakurai H.,
Serata M., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Teranishi T., Ue
K., Yamada K., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Inelastic Scattering of 12 Be with 4 He”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No.
146, pp. 593–594 (2002).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Yoneda K., Kanno S., Aoi N.,
Ando Y., Baba H., Demichi K., Fulop Z., Futakami U.,
Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa
N., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami
H., Nakamura T., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi
S., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoshida A.,
and Ishihara M.: “Study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction
with the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
718, 508c–509c (2003).
Iwasa N., Motobayashi T., Sakurai H., Akiyoshi H., AndoY., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Gomi T., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Iwasaki H., Kubo
T., Kubono S., Kinugawa H., Kumagai H., Kunibu M.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Murakami H., Sagara K.,
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Yanagisawa Y.,
Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.: “In-beam γ spectroscopy of34
Si with deuteron inelastic scattering using reverse kinematics”, Phys. Rev. C 67, 064315-1–064315-4 (2003).

Morishima T. and Shimizu H.: “Hamiltonian of a free neutron in curved spacetime on the Earth”, Nucl. Instrum.
Methods Phys. Res. A 529, 187–189 (2004).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Study of the Stellar 22 Mg(p, γ)23 Al Reaction using the Coulomb-Dissociation Method”, Nucl. Phys. A
734, E77–E79 (2004).
Saito A., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Motobayashi T.,
Minemura T., Matsuyama Y., Baba H., Akiyoshi H.,
Ando Y., Aoi N., Fulop Z., Gomi T., Higurashi Y.,
Hirai M., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Iwata Y., Kanno S., Kobayashi H., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurokawa M., Liu Z., Michimasa S., Nakamura
T., Ozawa A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Takeshita E.,
Teranishi T., Ue K., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y.,
and Ishihara M.: “Molecular states in neutron-richberyllium isotopes”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 337–341(2004).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb dissociation experiment for explosive hydrogen burning: study of the 22 Mg(p, γ)22 Al reaction”,
J. Phys. G 31, S1517–S1521 (2005).
Heuser J.: “A Silicon VertexTracker upgrade for the
PHENIX xperiment at RHIC”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 546, 60–66 (2005).
Makii H., Mishima K., Segawa M., Sano E., Ueda H.,
Shima T., Nagai Y., Igashira M., and Osaki T.: “Measurement system of the γ-ray angular distributions of
the 12 C(α, γ)16 O reaction”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. A 547, 411–423 (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,

1- 491 -

Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction using Coulomb dissociation
method”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 182c–185c (2005).
Makii H., Nagai Y., Shima T., Segawa M., Ueda
H., Masaki T., Mishima K., Igashira M., Osaki T.,
and Okabe S.: “Measurement of the 12 C(α, γ) 16 O reaction cross section usign pulsed α beams”, Nucl. Phys.
A 758, 371c–374c (2005).
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu
M., Kurita K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Studyof the 26 Si(p, γ)27 P reaction through Coulomb dissociation of 27 P”, Eur. Phys. J. A 27, No. s01, pp. 233–236(2006).
Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Z., FutakamiU., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M., Kurita
K., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura
M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ota S.,
Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S., Sugimoto
T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Togano Y., Ue K.,
Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and YoshidaA.: “Coulomb Dissociation of 23 Al for the stellar22
Mg(p,γ)23 Al reaction”, Nucl. Phys. A 758, 761c–764c(2006).
Akiba Y. and PHENIX C.: “Probing the properrties ofdense partonic matter at RHIC”, Nucl. Phys. A 774,
403–408 (2006).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Hatano M., IsupovY., Kato H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A.,
Nishikawa J., Ohnishi T., Okumura H., Reznikov S.,
Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Sakoda S., Saito T., Sekiguchi
K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.:“Tensor Analyzing Power T20 of the dd → 3 Hen and dd→ 3 Hp Reactions at Zero Angle for Energies 140, 200,
and 270 MeV”, Phys. At. Nucl. 69, 1271–1278 (2006).
Naitou S., Nagai Y., Shima T., Makii H., Mishima K.,
Tamura K., Toyokawa H., Ohgaki H., Golak J., Shibinski
R., Witala H., Glockle W., Nogga A., and Kamada H.:“New data for total 3 He(γ, p)D and 3 He(γ.pp)n crosssections compared to current theory”, Phys. Rev. C
73, No. 3, pp. 034003-1–034003-10 (2006).
Okada H., Bunce G. M., Jinnouchi O., Nakagawa I., Saito

N., Alekseev I., Bravar A., Dhawan S., Eyser K. O.,
Gill R., Haeberli W., Huang H., Makdisi Y. I., NassA., Stephenson E., Sviridia D., Wise T., Wood J.,
and Zelenski A.: “Measurements of single and double
spin asymmetry in pp elastic scattering in the CNI region with polarized hydrogen gas jet target”, AIP Conf.
Proc. 915, 681–684 (2007).
Huang H., Ahrens L. A., Bai M., Bravar A., Brown K.,
Courant E. D., Gardner C. J., Glenn J. W., Lin F.,
Luccio A. U., MacKay W. W., Okamura M., Ptitsyn
V., Roser T., Takano J., Tepikian S., Tsoupas N., WoodJ., Yip K., Zelenski A., and Zeno K.: “Polarized proton
acceleration in the AGS with two helical partial snakes”,
AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 900–903 (2007).
Takano J., Ahrens L. A., Bai M., Brown K., Courant E.
D., Gardner C. J., Glenn J. W., Hattori T., Huang H.,
Lin F., Luccio A. U., MacKay W. W., Okamura M.,
Roser T., Tepikian S., Tsoupas N., Yip K., Zelenski A.,
and Zeno K.: “Multiple partial siberian snakes in the
AGS”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 904–907 (2007).
Blumlein J. and Kawamura H.: “Universal higher order
singlet QED corrections to unpolarized lepton scattering”, Eur. Phys. J. C 51, 317–333 (2007).
Iida K. and Fukushima K.: “Instability of a Gapless Color
Superconductor with Respect to Inhomogeneous Fluctuations”, Nucl. Phys. A 785, 118c–121c (2007).
Kawamura H., Tanaka K., and Kodaira J.: “Soft gluon
corrections to double transverse-spin asymmetries forsmall-Q(T) dilepton production at RHIC and J-PARC”,
Nucl. Phys. B 777, 203–225 (2007).
Yoon C., Akiakawa H., Aoki K., Fukao Y., Funahashi
H., Hayata M., Imai K., Miwa K., Okada H., Saito
N., Sato H., Shoji K., Takahashi H., Taketani K., Asai
J., Kurosawa M., Ieiri M., Hayakawa T., Kishimoto
T., Sato A., Shimizu Y., Yamamoto K., Yoshida T.,
Hibi T., Nakazawa K., Ahn J., Choi B., Kim S., Kim
S., Park B., Park I., Song J., Yoon C., Tanida K.,
and Oonishi A.: “Search for the H-dibaryon resonancein 12 C(K − , K + ΛΛX)”, Phys. Rev. C 75, 022201-1–
022201-5 (2007).
Makii H., Nagai Y., Mishima K., Segawa M., Shima T.,
and Igashira M.: “Neutron-induced reactions using a γray detector in a 12 C(α, γ) 16 O reaction study”, Phys.
Rev. C 76, No. 2, pp. 022801-1–022801-5 (2007).
Fukushima K.: “Initial ﬁelds and instabilities in the classical model of relativistic heavy-ion collisions”, Phys. Rev.
C 76, 021902-1–021902-5 (2007).
Bozzi G., Jager B., Oleari C., and Zeppenfeld D.: “Nextto-leading order QCD corrections to W+ Z and W- Z
production via vector-boson fusion”, Phys. Rev. D 75,
073004-1–073004-7 (2007).
Fukushima K. and Iida K.: “Larkin-Ovchinnikov-FuldeFerrell state in two-color quark matter”, Phys. Rev. D
76, 054004-1–054004-10 (2007).
Blum T. C., Doi T., Hayakawa M., Izubushi T.,

2- 492 -

and Yamada N.: “Determination of Light Quark Masses
From the Electromagnetic Splitting of Pseudoscalar Meson Masses Computed with Two Flavors of Domain
Wall Fermions”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 114508-1–11450816 (2007).
Huang H., Ahrens L., Bai M., Brown K., Courant E. D.,
Gardner C., Glenn J. W., Lin F., Luccio A. U., MacKay
W. W., Okamura M., Ptitsyn V., Roser T., TakanoJ., Tepikian S., Tsoupas N., Zelenski A., and Zeno K.:“Overcoming depolarizing resonances with dual helicalpartial siberian snakes”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 1548011–154801-4 (2007).
Lin F., Ahrens L. A., Bai M., Brown K., Courant E. D.,
Gardner C., Glenn J. W., Huang H., Lee S. Y., Luccio
A., MacKay W. W., Ptitsyn V., Roser T., Takano J.,
Tepikian S., Tsoupas N., Zelenski A., and Zeno K.: “Exploration of horizontal intrinsic spin resonances with twopartial siberian snakes”, Phys. Rev. Spec. Top.: Accel.
Beams 10, No. 4, pp. 044001-1–044001-6 (2007).
Oku T., Yamada S., Shinohara T., Suzuki J., Mishima K.,
Hirota K., Sato H., and Shimiuzu H. M.: “Highly polarized cold neutron beam obtained by using a quadrupole
magnet”, Physica B 397, 188–191 (2007).
Kawamura H., Tanaka K., and Kodaira J.: “Transversely
Polarized Drell-Yan Process and Soft Gluon Resummation in QCD”, Prog. Theor. Phys. 118, No. 4, pp.
581–656 (2007).
Okada H., Bunce G. M., Jinnouchi O., Nakagawa I., Saito
N., Alekseev I., Bravar A., Dhawan S., Eyser K. O.,
Gill R., Haeberli W., Huang H., Makdisi Y. I., NassA., Stephenson E., Sviridia D., Wise T., Wood J.,
and Zelenski A.: “Absolute polarimetry at RHIC”, AIP
Conf. Proc. 980, 370–379 (2008).
Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Janek M., Kiselev A.,
Kurilkin A., Vasiliev A., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato
H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J.,
Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakoda
S., Sakamoto N., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii
A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in
the dd → 3 Hen(3 Hp) reactions at intermediate energies”,
AIP Conf. Proc. 1011, 235–240 (2008).
Kurilkin A., Saito T., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev T.,
Janek M., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato K., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Measurement of thevector Ay and tensor Ayy , Axx , Axz analyzing powers
for the dd →3 Hp reaction at 200 MeV”, Eur. Phys. J.
Special Topics 162, 133–136 (2008).
Kiselev A., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev A., Janek M.,
Saito T., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato H., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,

Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in the12� p)13 C reaction at the energy Td = 270 MeV”,
C(d,Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 162, 143–146 (2008).
Sakuma F., Enyo H., Fukao Y., Funahashi H., Hamagaki
H., Kitaguchi M., Miwa K., Murakami T., Naruki
M., Ozawa K., Sekimoto M., Tabaru T., Togawa M.,
Yokkaichi S., Chiba J., Kanda H., Ieiri M., Ishino M.,
Mihara S., Miyashita T., Muto R., Nakura T., SasakiO., Tanaka K., Yamada S., and Yoshimura Y.: “Partial
decay widths of the phi into e+e- and K+K- pairs in
12 GeV p+A reactions at KEK-PS E325”, Mod. Phys.
Lett. A 23, No. 27/30, pp. 2401–2404 (2008).
Miwa K., Dairaku S., Nakajima D., Ajimura S., ArvieuxJ., Fujimura H., Fujioka H., Fukuda T., Funahashi H.,
Hayata M., Hicks K., Imai K., Ishimoto S., KameyamaT., Kamigaito S., Kinoshita S., Koike T., Ma Y.,
Maruta T., Miura Y., Miyabe M., Nagae T., Nakano
T., Nakazawa K., Naruki M., Noumi H., Niiyama M.,
Saito N., Sato Y., Sawada S., Seki Y., Sekimoto M.,
Senzaka K., Shirotori K., Shoji K., Suzuki S., Takahashi
H., Takahashi T., Takahashi T., Tamura H., Tanaka
N., Tanida K., Toyoda A., Watanabe T., Yosoi M.,
and Zavislak R.: “Search for Θ+ via the K + p → π + X
reaction with a 1.2 GeV/c K + beam”, Phys. Rev. C
77, 045203-1–045203-10 (2008).
Suzuki T., Ishiguro K., Koma Y., and Sekido T.: “Gaugeindependent Abelian mechanism of color conﬁnement ingluodynamics”, Phys. Rev. D 77, 034502-1–034502-5(2008).
Lin H., Blum T., Ohta S., Sasaki S., and Yamazaki
T.: “Nucleon structure with two ﬂavors of dynamical
domain-wall fermions”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 014505-1–
014505-29 (2008).
Fukushima K. and Warringa H. J.: “Color Superconducting Matter in a Magnetic Field”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100,
032007-1–032007-4 (2008).
Yamazaki T., Aoki Y., Blum T. C., Lin H., Lin M., Ohta
S., Sasaki S., Tweedie R. J., and Zanotti J. M.: “Nucleon Axial Charge in (2+1)-Flavor Dynamical-Lattice
QCD with Domain-Wall Fermions”, Phys. Rev. Lett.
100, 171602-1–171602-4 (2008).
Toyoshima A., Haba H., Tsukada K., Asai M., AkiyamaK., Goto S., Ishii Y., Nishinaka I., Sato T., Nagame Y.,
Sato W., Tani Y., Hasegawa H., Matsuo K., Saika D.,
Kitamoto Y., Shinohara A., Ito M., Saito J., Kudo H.,
Yokoyama A., Sakama M., Sueki K., Oura Y., Nakahara
H., Schaedel M., Bruechle W., and Kratz J. V.: “Hexaﬂuoro complex of rutherfordium in mixed HF/HNO3
solutions”, Radiochim. Acta 96, 125–134 (2008).
(Review)
Akiba Y.: “Experimental Study of Dense Matter at
RHIC”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 174, pp. 88–
102 (2008).
(Others)
Bhang H. C., Ajimura S., Aoki K., Banu A., Fukuda T.,3- 493 -Hashimoto O., Hwang J., Kameoka S., Kang B., Kim
E., Kim J., Kim M., Maruta T., Miura Y., Miyake Y.,
Nagae T., Nakamura M., Nakamura S. N., Noumi H.,
Okada S., Okayasu Y., Outa H., Park H., Saha P. K.,
Sato Y., Sekimoto M., Shin S., Takahashi T., Tamura
H., Tanida K., Toyota A., Tsukada K., Watanabe T.,
and Yim H.: “The quenching of nucleon yields in thenonmesonic weak decay of Λ-hypernuclei and the threebody weak decay process”, Eur. Phys. J. A 33, No. 3,
pp. 259–263 (2007).
Murata J., Akiyama T., Hata M., Hirayama Y., Ikeda
Y., Ishii T., Kameda D., Kawamura H., Mitsuoka
S., Miyatake H., Nagae D., Ninomiya K., Nitta M.,
Seitaibashi E., and Toyoda T.: “R&D for a test of time
reversal symmetry experiment using polarized nuclei”,
JAEA-Review 2008-054, 58–59 (2008).
[Book・Proceedings]
Proc.][(Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Kawamura H., Tanaka K., and Kodaira J.: “Soft gluon resummation and a novel asymptotic formula for doublespin asymmetries in dilepton production at small transverse momentum”, Munich 2007, Deep-inelastic scattering, vol.
1, Munich, 2007–4, Verlag Deutsches
Elektronen-Synchrotron, Munich, pp. 615–618 (2007).
Tamura J., Okamura M., and Kanesue T.: “Use of solidiﬁed gas target to laser ion source.”, Proceedings of
22nd Biennial Particle Accelerator Conference (PAC07),
IEEE, Piscataway, pp. 1535–1537 (2007).
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., YoshidaK., Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New
DAQ System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, Dresden, Germany,
2008–10, IEEE, Dresden, pp. 1384–1386 (2008).
(Technical Document)
Ariyoshi S., Otani C., Dobroiu A., Sato H., Taino T.,
Matsuo H., and Shimizu H.: “Terahertz Imaging witha Two-dimensional Array Detector Based on Superconducting Tunnel Junctions”, Proceedings of 33rd International Conference on Ifrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz
Waves (IRMMW-THz 2008), Pasadena, USA, 2008–9,
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, p. 1681
(2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Heuser J., Enyo H., Onishi H., and NA60 C.: “The NA60
experiment: results and perspectives”, 8th Conference
on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics(CIPANP 2003), New York, USA, May (2003).
Akiba Y.: “Single- and Dileptons from Open Charm at
RHIC”, Electronmagnetic Probes of Hot and Dense
Matter, (ECT*, Trento, Italy), Trento, Italy, June
(2005).
Akiba Y. and PHENIX C.: “Probing the properties ofdense partonic matter at RHIC”, 18th International

Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2005), (Conseil Europeen pour la
Recherche Nucleaire and others), Budapest, Hungary,Aug. (2005).
Taketani K., Funahashi H., Seki Y., Hino M., KitaguchiM., Maruyama R., Otake Y., and Shimizu H.: “Development of Mach-Zehnder Interferometer and “coherent beam steering” technique for cold neutron”, 8th International Sympopsium on Foundations of Quantum
Mechanics in the Light of New Technology (ISQMTokyo’05), (Advanced Research Laboratory HitachiLtd.), Hatoyama-cho, Saitama Pref., Aug. (2005).
Kawamura S., Kaneko J., Otake Y., Fujimoto H., FujitaF., Sawamura T., Pavel M., and Furusaka M.: “Deformation experiment of piezoelectric single-crystals
for neutron-optical-devices”, International Conference
on Neutron Scattering (ICNS2005), (Australian Neutron Beam User Group), Sydney, Australia, Nov.–Dec.
(2005).
Mishima K., Hirota K., Shimizu H., Shinohara T., Suzuki
J., Yamada S., Oku T., Sato H., and Morishima T.:“Development of measurement system of neutron β decay”, International Conference on Neutron Scattering(ICNS2005), (ANSTO), Sydney, Australia, Nov.–Dec.
(2005).
Taketani K., Funahasi H., Seki Y., Hino M., Kitaguchi
M., Otake Y., and Shimizu H.: “Moire fringes of cold
neutron with large divergence angle”, International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS2005), (Australian
Neutron Beam users Group), Sydney, Australia, Nov.–
Dec. (2005).
Takeuchi S., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukui T., hashimoto ., Ieki
K., Imai K., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T.,
Kurita K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T., Ota S.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki
H., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Tamaki M., Tanaka K.,
Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Collectivity in 32 Mg : astudy of low-lying states”, International Nuclear Physics
Conference (INPC2007), Tokyo, June (2007).
Aoki K.: “Spin physics program at RHIC-PHENIX”,
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007),Tokyo, June (2007).
Takeuchi S., Aoi N., Baba H., Fukui T., hashimoto .,Ieki K., Imai K., Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y.,
Kubo T., Kurita K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T.,
Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T., Okumura T., Onishi T.,
Ota S., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D.,
Suzuki H., Suzuki M., Takeshita E., Tamaki M., Tanaka
K., Togano Y., and Yamada K.: “Low-lying states in32Mg”, Future Prospects for Spectroscopy and Direct
Reactions 2008, East lansing, USA, Feb. (2008).
Baba H., Watanabe Y., Kawasaki Y., Takizawa Y.,
Hamada T., Ebisuzaki T., Uesaka M., Motobayashi T.,
Sato H., Hirota K., Shimizu H., Sato M., Fukuchi T.,

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Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “RIBF DAQ and Ubiquitous
detector”, TORIJIN-EFES-FJNSP LIA Joint Workshop
on Next Generation Detector System for Nuclear Physics
with RI Beams, (TORIJIN-EFES-FJNSP LIA ), Caen,
France, Feb. (2008).
Sato T., Furusaka M., Mikula P., Tanabe K., Sasaki
Y., Homma A., Kawamura Y., Asami T., Otake Y.,
Sugiyama M., Naito S., and Fukunaga T.: “Development of a high intensity monochromator for MiniFocusing SANS”, 1st J-PARC International Symposium
on Pulsed Neutron and Muon Sciences (IPS 08), (J-Parc
Center), Mito, Mar. (2008).
Yokkaichi S.: “Measurements of the low mass di-electron
spectra at J-PARC”, 4th International Workshop on Nuclear and Particle Physics at J-PARC (NP08), (J-PARC
Center, Science Council of Japan, The Physical Societyof Japan), Mito, Mar. (2008).
Akiba Y.: “Experimental Study of high density matter
at RHIC”, YITP International Symposium Fundamental Problems in Hot and/or Dense QCD, (YITP, Kyoto
University), Kyoto, Mar. (2008).
Akiba Y.: “Experimental study of properties of quark
gluon plasma via heavy quarks and EM probes”, 2008
APS April Meeting and HEDP/HEDLA Meeting, St.
Louis, USA, Apr. (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji A.,
Haba H., Asai M., Ishii Y., Toume H., Akiyama K.,
Ooe K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Electrochemical oxidation of element 102, nobelium”, 2ndInternational Nuclear Chemistry Congress (2nd-INCC),(National University of Mexico), Cancun, Mexico, Apr.
(2008).
Akiyama K., Haba H., Sueki K., Tsukada K., Asai M.,
Toyoshima A., Nagame Y., and Katada M.: “Metallofullerene Encapsulating 225 Ac”, 2nd International Nuclear Chemistry Congress (2nd-INCC), (National University of Mexico), Cancun, Mexico, Apr. (2008).
Yokkaichi S.: “Low mass dielectron measurement at JPARC”, J-PARC Meeting for Spin and Hadron Physics(2008), Wako, Apr. (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji Y.,
Haba H., Ishii Y., Toume H., Asai M., Akiyama K., Ooe
K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Characterization of heavy actinides with electrochemistry”, Spring2008 ACS National Meeting & Exposition, (American
Chemical Society), USA, New Orleans, Apr. (2008).
Akiba Y.: “PHENIX Results and Perspectives”, RHIC
and AGS Annual User’s Meeting, (RHIC and AGS
User’s Organization), Upton, USA, May (2008).
Akiba Y.: “Highlight from BNL: RHIC”, International
School of Subnuclear Physics, 46th Course: Predicted
and totally unexpected in the energy frontier opened by
LHC, (Ettore Majorana Foundation), Erice, Italy, Aug.–
Sept. (2008).
Ariyoshi S., Otani C., Dobroiu A., Sato H., Taino T.,

Matsuo H., and Shimizu H.: “Terahertz Imaging witha Two-dimensional Array Detector Based on Superconducting Tunnel Junctions”, 33rd International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves(IRMMW-THz 2008), Pasadena, USA, Sept. (2008).
Baba H., Ichihara T., Ohnishi T., Takeuchi S., Yoshida K.,
Watanabe Y., Ota S., and Shimoura S.: “The New DAQ
System in RIKEN RIBF”, 2008 Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and 16th Room
Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop, Dresden, Germany, Oct. (2008).
Akiba Y.: “Overview of Experimental Results from
RHIC”, 2nd Asian Triangle Heavy Ion Conference(ATHIC 2008), (Tsukuba University), Tsukuba, Oct.
(2008).
Akiba Y.: “Heavy Ion Physics at RHIC”, 6th Japan-Italy
Symposium on Heavy-Ion Physics, Tokai-mura, Ibaraki
Pref., Nov. (2008).
((Domestic)Conference): “PHENIX”,
61,, 3 (2006).
: “RHIC-PHENIX
200GeV”,2007,,3(2007).
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SINET),(ADVNET2008, 7 (2008).
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J-PARC, Tsukuba, 8 (2008).
: “Measurements of the proton spin structure withpolarized proton-proton collision”,
2008
,(
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: “NewtonII”,64,, 3 (2009).

6- 496 -

Advanced
RNC Meson Science Laboratory
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Ueno H., Asahi K., Ogawa H., Kameda D., Miyoshi H.,
Yoshimi A., Watanabe H., Shimada K., Sato W., Yoneda
K., Imai N., Kobayashi Y., Ishihara M., and Wolf-Dieter
S.: “Measurement of nuclear moments in the region oflight neutron-rich nuclei”, Nucl. Phys. A 738, 211–215(2004).
Sekiguchi K., Sakai H., Witala H., Glockle W., Golak
J., Hatanaka K., Hatano M., Itoh K., Kamada H.,
Kuboki H., Maeda Y., Nogga A., Okamura H., Saito
T., Sakamoto N., Sakemi Y., Sasano M., Shimizu Y.,
Suda T., Tamii A., Uesaka T., Wakasa T., and YakoK.: “Resolving the Discrepancy of 135 MeV pd Elastic Scattering Cross Sections and Relativistic Eﬀects”,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 162301-1–162301-4 (2005).
Fujiwara M., Andresen G., Bertsche W., Boston A., BoweP. D., Cesar C. L., Chapman S., Charlton M., ChartierM., Deutsch A., Fajans J., Funakoshi R., Gill D. R.,
Gomberoﬀ K., Hangst J. S., Hardy W. N., Hayano
R., Hydomako R., Jenkins M. J., Jorgensen L. V.,
Kurchaninov L., Madsen N., Nolan P., Olchanski K.,
Olin A., Page R. D., Povilus A., Robicheaux F., Sarid
E., Silveira D. M., Storey J. W., Thompson R. I.,
vander Werf D. P., Wurtele J. S., Yamazaki Y.,
and ALPHA Collaboration .: “Towards antihydrogenconﬁnement with the ALPHA antihydrogen trap”, Hyperﬁne Interact. 172, 81–89 (2006).
Zurlo N., Amoretti M., Amsler C., Bonomi G., Carraro
C., Cesar C. L., Charlton M., Doser M., Fontana
A., Funakoshi R., Genova P., Hayano R., Jorgensen
L. V., Kellerbauer A., Lagomarsino V., Landua R.,
Lodi Rizzini E., Macri M., Madsen N., Manuzio G.,
Mitchard D., Montagna P., Posada L. G., Pruys H.,
Regenfus C., Rotondi A., Testera G., Van der Werf D.
P., Variola A., Venturelli L., and Yamazaki Y.: “Production of slow protonium in vacuum”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
172, 97–105 (2006).
Bertsche W., Boston A., Bowe P. D., Cesar C. L.,
Chapman S., Charlton M., Chartier M., Deutsch A.,
Fajans J., Fujiwara M., Funakoshi R., Gomberoﬀ K.,
Hangst J. S., Hayano R., Jenkins M. J., Jorgensen L. V.,
Ko P., Madsen N., Nolan P., Page R. D., Posada L. G.,
Povilus A., Sarid E., Silveira D. M., vander Werf
D. P., Yamazaki Y., Parker B., Escallier J., and GhoshA.: “A magnetic trap for antihydrogen conﬁnement”,
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. 566, 746–756(2006).
Amoretti M., Amsler C., Bonomi G., Bowe P. D.,
Canali C., Carraro C., Cesar C. L., Charlton M.,
Doser M., Fontana A., Fujiwara M., Funakoshi R.,
Genova P., Hangst J. S., Hayano R., Johnson I.,

Jorgensen L. V., Kellerbauer A., Lagomarsino V.,
Landua R., Lodi Rizzini E., Macri M., Madsen N.,
Manuzio G., Mitchard D., Montagna P., Pruys H.,
Regenfus C., Rotondi A., Testera G., Variola A.,
Venturelli L., Van der Werf D. P., Yamazaki Y., ZurloN., and ATHENA C.: “Progress with cold antihydrogen”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 247,
133–137 (2006).
Kellerbauer A., Amoretti M., Bonomi G., Bowe P. D.,
Canali C., Carraro C., Cesar C. L., Charlton M., Doser
M., Fontana A., Fujiwara M., Funakoshi R., Genova P.,
Hayano R., Johnson I., Jorgensen L. V., Lagomarsino
V., Landua R., Lodi
Rizzini E., Macri M., Madsen N.,
Mitchard D., Montagna P., Posada L. G., Rotondi A.,
Testera G., Variola A., Venturelli L., van der Werf
D. P., Yamazaki Y., and Zurlo N.: “Sideband coolingof ions in a non-neutral buﬀer gas”, Phys. Rev. A 73,
062508-1–062508-9 (2006).
Shimada K., Nagae D., Asahi K., Inoue T., Takase K.,
Kagami S., Hatakeyama N., Kobayashi Y., Ueno H.,
Yoshimi A., Kameda D., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T.,
Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa
S., Murata J., and Kawamura H.: “Production of spinpolarized 17 N beam sing inverse-kinematics low-energy
ransfer reactions”, Hyperﬁne Interact. 180, 43–47(2007).
Venturelli L., Amoretti M., Amsler C., Bonomi G.,
Carraro C., Cesar C. L., Charlton M., Doser M., Fontana
A., Funakoshi R., Genova P., Hayano R., Jorgensen
L. V., Kellerbauer A., Lagomarsino V., Landua R.,
Lodi Rizzini E., Macri M., Madsen N., Manuzio G.,
Mitchard D., Montagna P., Posada L. G., Pruys H.,
Regenfus C., Rotondi A., Testera G., Van der Werf D.
P., Variola A., Yamazaki Y., Zurloa N., and ATHENA
C.: “Protonium production in ATHENA”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 261, 40–43 (2007).
Andresen G., Bertsche W., Boston A., Bowe P. D., Cesar
C. L., Chapman S., Charlton M., Chartier M., Deutsch
A., Fajans J., Fujiwara M., Funakoshi R., Gill D. R.,
Gomberoﬀ K., Hangst J. S., Hayano R., Hydomako
R., Jenkins M. J., Jorgensen L. V., Kurchaninov L.,
Madsen N., Nolan P., Olchanski K., Olin A., Povilus
A., Robicheaux F., Sarid E., Silveira D. M., Storey J.
W., Telle H. H., Thompson R. I., van der Werf D.
P., Wurtele J. S., and Yamazaki Y.: “Antimatter Plasmas in a Multipole Trap for Antihydrogen”, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 98, 023402-1–023402-4 (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized radioactive ion beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, AIP Conf. Proc. 980, 283–288 (2008).

1- 497 -

Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Saito T., Janek M., Kiselev A.,
Kurilkin A., Vasiliev A., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato
H., Ladygina N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J.,
Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakoda
S., Sakamoto N., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii
A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in
the dd → 3 Hen(3 Hp) reactions at intermediate energies”,
AIP Conf. Proc. 1011, 235–240 (2008).
Kiselev A., Ladygin V., Uesaka T., Vasiliev A., Janek M.,
Saito T., Hatano M., Isupov Y., Kato H., Ladygina
N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A., Nishikawa J., OhnishiT., Okamura H., Reznikov S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda K., Tamii A.,
Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing powers in the12� p)13 C reaction at the energy Td = 270 MeV”,
C(d,Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 162, 143–146 (2008).
Kameda D., Asahi K., Ueno H., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Shimada K., Yoshimi A., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto
T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, Hyperﬁne Interact.
180, 61–64 (2008).
Andresen G. B., Bertsche W., Boston A., Bowe P.
D., Cesar C. L., Chapman S., Charlton M., ChartierM., Deutsch A., Fajans J., Fujiwara M., FunakoshiR., Gill D. R., Gomberoﬀ K., Hangst J. S., Hayano
R., Hydomako R., Jenkins M. J., Jorgensen L. V.,
Kurchaninov L., Madsen N., Nolan P., Olchanski K.,
Olin A., Page R. D., Povilus A., Robicheaux F., Sarid
E., Silveira D. M., Storey J. W., Thompson R. I.,
Van
der Werf D. P., Wurtele J. S., and Yamazaki
Y.: “Production of antihydrogen at reduced magnetic
ﬁeld for anti-atom trapping”, J. Phys. B 41, 011001-1–
011001-5 (2008).
Kawamata T., Takahashi N., Adachi T., Noji T., Kudo
K., Kobayashi N., and Koike Y.: “Evidence for Ballistic
Thermal Conduction in the One-Dimensional S = 1/2
Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic Spin System Sr2 CuO3 ”,
J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 3, pp. 034607-1–034607-6(2008).
Yagi E., Hirabayashi K., Murakami Y., Koike S., Higami
N., Hayashi T., Takebayashi A., Yoshida T., Sugi C.,
Sugawara T., Shishido T., and Ogiwara K.: “Site changeof hydrogen in Nb due to interaction with oxygen”, J.
Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 5, pp. 054802-1–0540802-8(2008).
Sato W., Ueno H., Watanabe H., Miyoshi H., Yoshimi A.,
Kameda D., Ito T., Shimada K., Kaihara J., Suda S.,
Kobayashi Y., Shinohara A., Ohkubo Y., and Asahi K.:“Temperature-dependent behavior of impurity atoms
implanted in highly oriented pyrolytic graphite –An application of a new online TDPAC method–”, J. Phys.
Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 9, pp. 095001-1–095001-2 (2008).
Yagi E., Sakuma K., Higami N., Hagiwara S., Mori

K., Yoshii M., Koike S., Hayashi T., and Ogiwara K.:“Irradiation-induced site change of hydrogen in niobium”, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 77, No. 12, pp. 1246021–124602-7 (2008).
Koike T. and Harada T.: “Formation of the deeply-boundK − pp state in 3 He(in-ﬂight K − ,n) spectrum”, Mod.
Phys. Lett. A 23, No. 27-30, pp. 2540–2543 (2008).
Sakuma F., Enyo H., Fukao Y., Funahashi H., Hamagaki
H., Kitaguchi M., Miwa K., Murakami T., Naruki
M., Ozawa K., Sekimoto M., Tabaru T., Togawa M.,
Yokkaichi S., Chiba J., Kanda H., Ieiri M., Ishino M.,
Mihara S., Miyashita T., Muto R., Nakura T., SasakiO., Tanaka K., Yamada S., and Yoshimura Y.: “Partial
decay widths of the phi into e+e- and K+K- pairs in
12 GeV p+A reactions at KEK-PS E325”, Mod. Phys.
Lett. A 23, No. 27/30, pp. 2401–2404 (2008).
Koike T. and Harada T.: “Isospin properties of (K − , N )reactions for the formation of deeply-bound antikaonic
nuclei”, Nucl. Phys. A 804, 231–273 (2008).
Mitrovic V., Julien M., Vaulx C., Horvatic M., BerthierC., Suzuki T., and Yamada K.: “Similar glassy features in the 139 La NMR response of pure and disordered La1.88 Sr0.12 CuCO4 ”, Phys. Rev. B 78, 0145041–014504-7 (2008).
Goto T., Suzuki T., Kanada K., Saito T., Osawa A.,
Watanabe I., and Manaka H.: “Muon spin relaxation
detection of the soft mode toward the exotic magnetic
ground state in the bond-disordered quantum spin system IPA-Cu(Cl0.35 Br0.65 )3 ”, Phys. Rev. B 78, 0544221–054422-6 (2008).
Yamada F., Ishii Y., Suzuki T., Matsuzaki T., and Tanaka
H.: “Pressure-induced reentrant oblique antiferromagnetic phase in the spin-dimer system TlCuCl3 ”, Phys.
Rev. B 78, 224405-1–224405-6 (2008).
Hiyama E., Yamamoto Y., Motoba T., Thomas R.,
and Kamimura M.: “Light Ξ hypernuclei in four-bodycluster models”, Phys. Rev. C 78, 054316-1–054316-13(2008).
Andresen G. B., Bertsche W., Bowe P. D., Bray C.
C., Butler E., Cesar C. L., Chapman S., Charlton
M., Fajans J., Fujiwara M., Funakoshi R., Gill D.
R., Hangst J. S., Hardy W. N., Hayano R., Hayden
M. E., Hydomako R., Jenkins M. J., Jorgensen L.
V., Kurchaninov L., Lambo R., Madsen N., Nolan P.,
Olchanski K., Olin A., Povilus A., Pusa P., RobicheauxF., Sarid E., Seif EI Nasr S., Silveira D. M., Storey J.
W., Thompson R. I., van der Werf D. P., Wurtele J. S.,
and Yamazaki Y.: “Compression of Antiproton Clouds
for Antihydrogen Trapping”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, No.
20, pp. 203401-1–203401-5 (2008).
Suzuki T., Yamada F., Watanabe I., Goto T., Osawa A.,
and Tanaka H.: “Bond-randomness eﬀect on the quantum spin system Tl1−x Kx CuCl3 probed by muon-spinrelaxation method”, Physica B 404, 590–593 (2009).

2- 498 -

Goto T., Suzuki T., Watanabe I., Kanada K., Saito T.,
Osawa A., and Manaka H.: “µSR-detected soft mode
toward a possible phase transition in a disordered spingap system, (CH3 )2 CHNH3 -Cu(Clx Br1−x )3 ”, Physica B
404, 594–596 (2009).
(Review),: “”,

77, No. 5, pp. 525–529(2008).
(Others)
Bhang H. C., Ajimura S., Aoki K., Banu A., Fukuda T.,
Hashimoto O., Hwang J., Kameoka S., Kang B., Kim
E., Kim J., Kim M., Maruta T., Miura Y., Miyake Y.,
Nagae T., Nakamura M., Nakamura S. N., Noumi H.,
Okada S., Okayasu Y., Outa H., Park H., Saha P. K.,
Sato Y., Sekimoto M., Shin S., Takahashi T., Tamura
H., Tanida K., Toyota A., Tsukada K., Watanabe T.,
and Yim H.: “The quenching of nucleon yields in thenonmesonic weak decay of Λ-hypernuclei and the threebody weak decay process”, Eur. Phys. J. A 33, No. 3,
pp. 259–263 (2007).
[Book
Proc.][
・Proceedings](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Koike T. and Harada T.: “The formation of the deeplybound K − pp state in 3 He(in-ﬂight K − ,n) reaction spectrum”, International Conference on Muon Catalyzed Fusion and Related topics (µCF-07), Dubna, Russia, 2007–
6, Joint Institue for Nuclear Research, Dubna, pp. 222–
229 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International) Conference etc.)(
Heuser J., Enyo H., Onishi H., and NA60 C.: “The NA60
experiment: results and perspectives”, 8th Conference
on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics(CIPANP 2003), New York, USA, May (2003).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al: Drastic shape transition between 32 Al and 31 Mg”, International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC2007), (Science
Council of Japan, RIKEN and others), Tokyo, June(2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura M.,
Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Uchida M., Kijima G., Arai T.,
Takase K., Suda S., Inoue T., Murata J., Kawamura H.,
Haseyama T., Kobayashi Y., Watanabe H., and Ishihara
M.: “Small electric quadrupole moment of 32 Al”, International Workshop on Nuclear Structure: New Picturesin the Extended Isospin Space (NS07), (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics), Kyoto, June (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Takemura
M., Yoshimi A., Shimada K., Nagatomo T., Sugimoto

T., Uchida M., Arai T., Takase K., Suda S., Inoue
T., Murata J., Kawamura H., Watanabe H., Kobayashi
Y., and Ishihara M.: “Electric quadrupole moments ofneutron-rich nuclei 32 Al and 31 Al”, 14th Int. Conf. on
Hyperﬁne Interactions & 18th Int. Symp. on Nuclear
Quadrupole Interactions, ( Universidad Nacional de La
Plata), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. (2007).
Kameda D., Ueno H., Asahi K., Nagae D., Yoshimi A.,
Nagatomo T., Sugimoto T., Uchida M., Takemura M.,
Shimada K., Takase K., Inoue T., Kijima G., Arai
T., Suda S., Murata J., Kawamura H., Kobayashi Y.,
Watanabe H., and Ishihara M.: “Production of spinpolarized r/a beams via projectile fragmentation reaction”, 12th Int. Workshop on Polarized Sources, Targets & Polarimetry, (Brookhaven National Laboratory),
Brookhaven, USA, Sept. (2007).
Suzuki T., Yamada F., Watanabe I., Goto T., Osawa
A., and Tanaoa H.: “Bond-randomness eﬀect on thequantum spin system Tl1−x Kx CuCl3 probed by muonspin-relaxation method”, 11th International Conference
on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance(µSR2008), (JAEA, KEK, RIKEN), Tsukuba, July
(2008).
Ishii Y., Watanabe I., Suzuki T., Kawamata T., and Kato
R.: “Eﬀect of pressure on conductive anion-radical
salt, (DMe-DCNQI)2 Cu”, 11th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance(µSR2008), Tsukuba, July (2008).
Yamada I., Koda A., Saha S. R., Higemoto W.,
Kadono R., Kojima K. M., Azuma M., and Takano
M.: “Field-induced magnetism in cuprate superconductor Ca2−x Nax CuO2 Cl2 ”, 11th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation, Relaxation and Resonance(µSR2008), Tsukuba, July (2008).
Heﬀner R. H., Spehling J., MacDougall G. J., Ito T. U.,
Higemoto W., Amato A., Andreica D., Nieuwenhuys G.,
Klauss H. H., Luke G. M., Thompson J. D., Bianchi
A. D., and Fisk Z.: “Magnetism and superconductivity in heavy fermion superconductor CeCo(In1−x Cdx )5 ”,
11th International Conference on Muon Spin Rotation,
Relaxation and Resonance (µSR2008), Tsukuba, July
(2008).
Matsumoto T., Egami T., Ogata K., Iseri Y., Yahiro M.,
and Kamimura M.: “Coupled-channel analyses of 6 He
breakup reactions”, Hokudai-TORIJIN-JUSTIPENEFES Workshop & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokudai-UNEDF
Meeting, Sapporo, July (2008).
Kawamata T., Sugawara N., Uesaka M., Kaneko N.,
Kajiwara T., Yamane H., Koyama K., Kudo K.,
Kobayashi N., and Koike Y.: “Pb2 V3 O9 and the boseeinstein condensed state of triplons studied by thermal conductivity and speciﬁc heat measurements”, 25th
International Conference on Low Temperature Physics(LT25), Amsterdam, Netherland, Aug. (2008).
Uesaka M., Kawamata T., Sugawara N., Kaneko N.,3- 499 -

Kudo K., Kobayashi N., and Koike Y.: “Single-Crystal
Growth and Thermal Conductivity of the Quasi OneDimensional Spin System Sr2 V3 O9 ”, 25th International
Conference on Low Temperature Physics (LT25), Amsterdam, Netherland, Aug. (2008).
Koike Y., Haidar S. M., Adachi T., Kawamata T.,
Sugawara N., Kaneko N., Uesaka M., Sato H., TanabeY., Noji T., Kudo K., and Kobayashi N.: “Thermalconductivity study on the electronic state in the overdoped regime of La2−x Srx CuO4 : Phase separation andanomaly at x ∼ 0.21”, 25th International Conference on
Low Temperature Physics (LT25), Amsterdam, Netherland, Aug. (2008).
Koike T. and Harada T.: “3 He(in-ﬂight K − ,n) reaction
spectrum near the K̄N → πΣ decay threshold and the
deeply-bound K − pp state”, 4th Asia-Paciﬁc Conference
on Few-Body Problems in Physics (APFB08), (University of Indonesia), Depok, Indonesia, Aug. (2008).
Koike T. and Harada T.: “The K̄N → πΣ decay threshold eﬀect in 3 He(in-ﬂight K − ,n) reaction spectrum”, International Conference on Exotic Atoms and Related
Topics (EXA 08), (Stefan Meyer Institute for subatomic
Physics, Austrian Academy of Science), Vienna, Australia, Sept. (2008).
Sakuma F.: “The search for deeply-bound kaonic nuclear states at J-PARC”, 19th International Baldin Seminar on High Energy Physics Problems: Relativistic Nuclear Physics and Quantum Chromodynamics, (JINR),
Dubna, Russia, Sept.–Oct. (2008).
Matsumoto T., Egami T., Ogata K., Iseri Y., Yahiro M.,
and Kamimura M.: “Coupled-channel analyses of 6 He
breakup reactions”, KGU Yokohama Autumn School of
Nuclear Physics, Yokohama, Oct. (2008).
Kawamata T., Uesaka M., Sugawara N., Kaneko N.,
Koyama K., Kudo K., Kobayashi N., and Koike Y.:“Single-Crystal Growth and Thermal Conductivity of
the Alternating Chain System Pb2 V3 O9 and Uniform
Chain System Sr2 V3 O9 ”, 2nd International Symposium
on Anomalous Quantum Materials (ISAQM2008) andthe 7th Asia-Paciﬁc Workshop, (Grant-in-Aid for Scientiﬁc Research on Priority Areas ), Tokyo, Nov. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
:
µSR
“Tl(Cu1−x Mgx )Cl3 (x = 0.0047)
”,
63
,(
),
, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
3He
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).
,,,,
Haidar S. M.,
,
,
,
,
:
“La2−x Srx CuO4
1/4
”,
63
,
),
, 3 (2008).
(,,
Pb2 V3 O9,, Haidar S. M.,
: “

,

,
-

63
,(
(2008).
,, Haidar S. M.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
, Petrakovskii
G., Popov M., Bezmaternikh L.: “CuB2 O4”,63,(),, 3 (2008).
,, Haidar S. M.,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
Pb2 V3 O9
”,
),

”,
,3

2
,(
),
,6
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
:
”,
“Sr2 CuO3 ,SrCuO2
69
,(
),
,9
(2008).
,,,,: “
Tl1−x Kx CuCl3 (x = 0.20, 0.44 0.58)
(µSR)
”,
2008
,(
),
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
:
“
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
, Heﬀner R. H., Spehling J., MacDougall G. J.,, Amato A., Andreica D., Nieuwenhuys G., Klauss H.
H., Luke G. M., Thompson J. D., Bianchi A. D., Fisk
Z.: “µSR
CeCo(In,Cd)5
”,
2008
,(
),
,9
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “1
Sr2 V3 O9”,2008,, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
: “1
SrCuO2”,2008,, 9 (2008).
3
,
: “
DWIA
He(in−
ﬂight K ,n)
”,
2008
,
),
, 9 (2008).
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
10
,
,9
(2008).
: “RAL”, RCNP,(),, 10(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
:

4

- 500 -

“

SrCuO2 , Sr2 V3 O9”,,, 11–12(2008).
: “J-PARC E15
TGEM-TPC@”,
5(MPGD),(
CNS),, 12 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
Sr2 V3 O9”,64,, 3 (2009).
,
,
,
,
,
:
Pb2 V3 O9
ESR
”,
“
64
,
, 3 (2009).
3
,
: “
DWIA
He(in−
ﬂight K ,n)
II”,
64
,(
),
, 3 (2009).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
Pb2 V3 O9”,64,, 3 (2009).

5- 501 -

Theoretical
Physics Laboratory
RNC[[Journal]](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Fukuma M., Kawai H., and Ninomiya M.: “Limiting temperature, limiting curvature and the cyclic universe”,
Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 19, 4367–4385 (2004).
Kawai H., Kuroki T., and Morita T.: “Supersymmetriclarge N reduced model with multiple matter”, Nucl.
Phys. B 683, 27–47 (2004).
Kimura Y.: “Myers eﬀect and tachyon condensation”,
Nucl. Phys. B 692, 394–416 (2004).
Hasebe K. and Kimura Y.: “Dimensional hierarchy inquantum Hall eﬀects on fuzzy spheres”, Phys. Lett. B
602, 255–260 (2004).
Ishibashi N., Kuroki T., and Yamaguchi A.: “Universalityof nonperturbative eﬀects in c ¡ 1 noncritical string theory”, J. High Energy Phys. 0509, 043-1–043-15 (2005).
Kawai H., Kuroki T., and Matsuo Y.: “Universality of
nonperturbative eﬀect in type 0 string theory”, Nucl.
Phys. B 711, 253–274 (2005).
Kawai H., Kuroki T., Morita T., and Yoshida K.: “Direct derivation of the Venziano-Yankielowicz superpotential from matrix model”, Phys. Lett. B 611, 269–278(2005).
Igi K. and Ishida M.: “On the discrepancy of pp, p̄p total√
cross sections at s = 1.8 TeV between E710, E811 and
CDF”, Prog. Theor. Phys. 115, No. 3, pp. 601–609(2005).
Alig C., Drees M., and Oda K.: “QCD eﬀects in the decaysof TeV black holes”, J. High Energy Phys. 0612, 0491–049-26 (2006).
Shibusa Y. and Matsuo T.: “Quantization of ﬁelds basedon generalized uncertainty principle”, Mod. Phys. Lett.
A 21, 1285–1296 (2006).
Shibusa Y.: “Supersymmetric ﬁeld theory based on generalized uncertainty principle”, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 22,
5279–5286 (2007).
Furuta K., Hanada M., Kawai H., and Kimura Y.: “Field
equations of massless ﬁelds in the new interpretation of
the matrix model”, Nucl. Phys. B 767, 82–99 (2007).
Aoyama T., Hayakawa M., Kinoshita T., and Nio M.: “Revised value of the eighth-order contribution to the electron g-2”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 110406-1–110406-4(2007).
D’Adda A., Kanamori I., Kawamoto N., and Nagata K.:“Lattice formulation of the N=4 D=3 twisted superYang-Mills”, Proceedings of Science LAT2007, 271-1–
271-7 (2007).
Ishikawa T., Azeyanagi T., Hanada M., and Hirata T.:“Phase structure of twisted Eguchi-Kawai model”, Proceedings of Science, No. 054, pp. 1–7 (2007).

Baba Y., Ishibashi N., and Murakami K.: “D-brane states
and annulus amplitudes in OSp invariant closed string
ﬁeld theory”, J. High Energy Phys. 0807, 046-1–046-12(2008).
Hashimoto K., Hirayama T., Lin F., and Yee H.: “Quark
mass deformation of holographic massless QCD”, J.
High Energy Phys. 0807, 089-1–089-26 (2008).
Ohta K. and Tai T.: “Extended MQCD and SUSY/nonSUSY duality”, J. High Energy Phys. 0809, No. 033,
pp. 033-1–033-13 (2008).
Kawai H. and Suyama T.: “AdS/CFT correspondence asa consequence of scale invariance”, Nucl. Phys. B 789,
209–224 (2008).
Kawai H. and Suyama T.: “Some Implications of Perturbative Approach to AdS/CFT Correspondence.”, Nucl.
Phys. B 794, 1–12 (2008).
Aoyama T., Hayakawa M., Kinoshita T., and Nio M.:“Automated Calculation Scheme for αn Contributions of
QED to Lepton g-2: New Treatment of Infrared Divergence for Diagrams without Lepton Loops”, Nucl. Phys.
B 796, 184–210 (2008).
D’Adda A., Kanamori I., Kawamoto N., and Nagata K.:“Exact Extended Supersymmetry on a Lattice: Twisted
N=4 Super-Yang-Mills in Three Dimensions”, Nucl.
Phys. B 798, 168–183 (2008).
Kawano T., Kishimoto I., and Takahashi T.: “Gauge invariant overlaps for classical solutions in open string ﬁeld
theory”, Nucl. Phys. B 803, 135–165 (2008).
Kanamori I. and Suzuki H.: “Restoration of supersymmetry on the lattice: Two-dimensional N = (2, 2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory”, Nucl. Phys. B 811, No.
3, pp. 420–437 (2008).
Kawai H. and Sato M.: “Perturbative Vacua from IIB Matrix Model”, Phys. Lett. B 659, 712–717 (2008).
Kawano T., Kishimoto I., and Takahashi T.: “Schnabl’s
solution and boundary states in open string ﬁeld theory”, Phys. Lett. B 669, 357–358 (2008).
Aoyama T., Hayakawa M., Kinoshita T., and Nio M.: “Revised value of the eighth-order QED contribution to
the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron”, Phys.
Rev. D 77, No. 5, pp. 053012-1–053012-24 (2008).
Hashimoto K., Terashima S., and Tan C.: “Glueball decay in holographic QCD”, Phys. Rev. D 77, 086001-1–
086001-14 (2008).
Kanamori I., Sugino F., and Suzuki H.: “Euclidean lattice simulation for dynamical supersymmetry breaking”,
Phys. Rev. D 77, 091502(R)-1–091502(R)-5 (2008).
Aoyama T., Hayakawa M., Kinoshita T., Nio M.,
and Watanabe N.: “Eighth-order vacuum-polarization
function formed by two light-by-light-scattering diagrams and its contribution to the tenth-order electrong-2”, Phys. Rev. D 78, No. 5, pp. 053005-1–053005-14(2008).
Aoyama T., Hayakawa M., Kinoshita T., and Nio
M.: “Tenth-order lepton anomalous magnetic moment:

1- 502 -

Second-order vertex containing two vacuum polarization
subdiagrams, one within the other”, Phys. Rev. D 78,
No. 11, pp. 113006-1–113006-7 (2008).
Hosotani Y., Oda K., Ohnuma T., and Sakamura Y.: “Dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking in SO(5)×U (1)gauge-Higgs uniﬁcation with top and bottom quarks”,
Phys. Rev. D 78, 096002-1–096002-16 (2008).
Kanamori I., Sugino F., and Suzuki H.: “Observing dynamical supersymmetry breaking with euclidean latticesimulations”, Prog. Theor. Phys. 119, 797–827 (2008).
Kishimoto I.: “Comments on gauge invariant overlaps for
marginal solutions in open string ﬁeld theory”, Prog.
Theor. Phys. 120, No. 5, pp. 875–886 (2008).
Hashimoto K., Sakai T., and Sugimoto S.: “Holographic
baryons: Static properties and form factors fromgauge/string duality”, Prog. Theor. Phys. 120, 1093–
1137 (2008).
Kanamori I. and Suzuki H.: “Some physics of the twodimensional N = (2, 2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory: Lattice Monte Carlo study”, Phys. Lett. B 672,
No. 3, pp. 307–311 (2009).
Abe H. and Sakamura Y.: “Flavor structure with multimoduli in 5D supergravity”, Phys. Rev. D 79, 0450051–045005-16 (2009).
(Review): “QCD”,
23, No. 1, pp. 44–45 (2008).
: “”,
23, No. 8, pp. 39–45(2008).
: “D”,, No. 536, pp. 15–21 (2008).
: “”,, No. 541, pp. 6–11
(2008).
(Others)
Abe H. and Sakamura Y.: “Moduli stabilization and ﬂavor
structure in 5D SUGRA with multi moduli”, AIP Conf.
Proc. 1078, 414–416 (2008).
Kanamori I.: “RHMC simulation of two-dimensional
N=(2,2) super Yang-Mills with exact supersymmetry”,
Proceedings of Science 232, 1–7 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations() Conference etc.)(International
Tada T.: “Noncommutative Supersapce and Matrix Models”, International Workshop “Quantum Particles andFields - 3”, (Institute of Physics of Azerbaijan National
Academy of Sciences), Baku, Azerbaijan, Sept. (2004).
Fukaya H., Kanamori I., Suzuki H., and Takimi T.: “Numerical results of two-dimensional N = (2,2) super YangMills theory”, Lattice 2007, 25th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, (University of Regensburg), Regensburg, Germany, July–Aug. (2007).
Abe H. and Sakamura Y.: “Moduli stabilization and ﬂavor

structure in 5D SUGRA with multi moduli”, 16th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Uniﬁcation of Fundamental Interactions, (KIAS, CQUEST,KPS), Seoul, Korea, June (2008).
Kanamori I.: “Observing dynamical SUSY breaking withlattice simulation”, 16th International Conference on
Supersymmetry and Uniﬁcation of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY08), (SUSY08 organizing committee),Seoul, Korea, June (2008).
Abe H. and Sakamura Y.: “Moduli stabilization and ﬂavor structure in 5D SUGRA with multi moduli”, PASCOS’ 08, (Perimeter Institute), Waterloo, Canada, June(2008).
Kanamori I.: “RHMC simulation of two-dimensional
N=(2,2) super Yang-Mills with exact supersymmetry”,
Lattice 2008, 26th International Symposium on Lattice
Field Theory, (Lattice 2008 Local Organizing Committee), Williamsburg, USA, July (2008).
Suzuki H.: “2d N = (2, 2) SYM in the machine”, Latticesupersymmetry and beyond, (Niels Bohr International
Academy), Copenhagen, Denmark, Nov. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference): “Note on massless bosonic states in twodimensional ﬁeld theories”, 2006
,(
),
, 12
(2006).
,
,
,
:
62
,
, 9 (2007).
: “
”,
,
, 12
(2007).
: “ADHM construction of instantons and Dbranes”,
2007, (),
, 12 (2007).
: “D”, 14th ICEPP
Symposium, (),, 2 (2008).
,,,: “Schnabl”,
63,, 3 (2008).
: “QCD String as Vortex String in Seiberg-Dual
Theory”,
63
,(
),
,3
(2008).
,
,
: “
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).
,,: “Gauge invariant overlaps forclassical solutions in open string ﬁeld theory”,,, 7 (2008).
: “”,,, 7 (2008).
,,: “OSp”,,(),, 7 (2008).
: “Quark Mass in Holographic QCD”,

2- 503 -

,(
(2008).
,: “Moduli stabilization and ﬂavor structure in 5D SUGRA with multi moduli”,
,(
),
,
7–8
(2008).
,: “Extended MQCD and SUSY/nonSUSY duality”,,(),, 8–1 (2008).
,: “Lattice simulation of super Yang-Millsmodel with scalar mass term added”,
2008
,(
),
, 9 (2008).
,
: “
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
,,: “OSp
NS
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
,,: “OSp
R
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
,: “Moduli stabilization and ﬂavor structure in 5D SUGRA with multi moduli”,
2008
,(
),
, 9–9
(2008).
: “Toward a Proof of Montonen-Olive Duality via
Multiple M2-branes”, KEK Workshop ”Heterotic String),,
and M-theory”, ((2008).
12,,: “OSpD-brane”,,, 12 (2008).
: “Holographic Nuclei”,,, 12 (2008).
,: “a”,,, 12(2008).
: “
g-2 QED
”,
,(
),

,7

),
, 12 (2008).
: “Is lattice simulation of two-dimensional super Yang-Mills possible?”, Sapporo Winter School 2009,),, 1 (2009).
(Sapporo Winter School 2009,
: “Numerical evaluation of gauge invariants in open string ﬁeld theory”, Sapporo Winter School, 1 (2009).
2009,
: “
”,
64
,
, 3 (2009).

3- 504 -

Strangeness Nuclear Physics Laboratory
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Hiyama E., Yamamoto Y., Motoba T., Thomas R.,
and Kamimura M.: “Light Ξ hypernuclei in four-bodycluster models”, Phys. Rev. C 78, 054316-1–054316-13(2008).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Hiyama E.: “Four and ﬁve-body calculation of exotic hadron systems”, 2008 APCTP-BLTP JINR Joint
Workshop on Quarks and Mesons in Nuclear Physics,
Pohang, Korea, Apr. (2008).
Hiyama E.: “Three- and four-body structure of light
hypernuclear physics”, 3rd China-Japan-Korea Hadronand Nuclear Physics 2008 Symposium, Lanzhou, China,
June (2008).
Hiyama E.: “Few-body aspects of hypernuclear physics”,
Japanese French Symposium :New paradigms in Nuclear
Physics, (JSPS), Paris, France, Sept. (2008).
Hiyama E.: “Four and ﬁve-body calculation of exotic
hadron systems”, Workshop on Hadron Dynamics, Almunecar, Spain, Sept. (2008).
Hiyama E.: “Recent progress in strangeness nuclear
physics”, Asia Science Seminar on Frontier Scienceat High-Intensity Proton Accelerators, (JSPS, Tohoku
Univ. CIAE, IHEP-CAS), Beijing, China, Oct. (2008).
Hiyama E.: “Recent progress in hypernuclear physics”,
International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics 2008
(ISHIP2008), (HIC for FAIR, EMMI, HGS-HIRe, GSI),
Darmstadt, Germany, Nov. (2008).
Hiyama E.: “Four-body structure of Ξ hypernuclei”,
Sendai International Symposium on Strangeness in Nuclear and Hadronic Systems (SENDAI08), (Tohoku University), Sendai, Dec. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
: “
+8 B
8
7
B, 7 Be+p
Be
”,
63
,
, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
:
8
12
Be+γ
C
“
”,
64
,
, 3 (2009).

1- 505 -

Accelerator
RNC Applications Research Group
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Stolterfoht N., Hellhammer R., Bundesmann J., Fink
D., Kanai Y., Hoshino M., Kambara T., Ikeda T.,
and Yamazaki Y.: “Guiding of slow Ne7+ ions throughnanocapillaries in insulating polyethylene terephthalate:incident current dependence”, Phys. Rev. A 76,
022712-1–022712-10 (2007).
Kazama Y., Saito H., Miyagai M., Takehisa H., Ichida H.,
Miyazawa Y., Mishiba K., Kanaya T., Suzuki K., Bae
C., Miyoshi K., Mii M., and Abe T.: “Eﬀect of heavy
ion-beam irradiation on plant growth and mutation induction in Nicotiana tabacum”, Plant Biotechnol. 25,
No. 1, pp. 105–111 (2008).
Kazama Y., Saito H., Yamamoto Y. Y., Hayashi Y.,
Ichida H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., and Abe T.: “LETdependent eﬀects of heavy-ion beam irradiation in Arabidopsis thaliana”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp.
113–117 (2008).
Kanai Y., Hoshino M., Kambara T., Ikeda T., Hellhammer., Stolterfoht N., and Yamazaki Y.: “Dynamic featuresof ion guiding by nanocapillaries in an insulating polymer”, Phys. Rev. A 79, 012711-1–012711-5 (2009).
[Book[
Proc.]
・Proceedings](Others)
Kazama Y., Saito H., Hayashi Y., Ichida H., Ohbu S.,
Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., and Abe T.: “Eﬀects of ion
beam irradiation on mutation induction in Arabidopsis thaliana”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons2007), Giardini Naxos, Itary, 2007–9 10, INFN, Giardini Naxos, pp. 240–242 (2008).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Koizumi A., Nishihara K., Yamanaka K., Ishii K., Kazama
Y., Abe T., and Kawano S.: “Asexual and bisexual mutants caused by defective sex-chromosomes inthe dioecious plant, Silene latifolia”, 20th International
Congress of Genetics, (The International Genetics Federation), Berlin, Germany, July (2008).
Nishihara K., Kazama Y., Fujiwara M., Koizumi A.,
Abe T., and Kawano S.: “Roles of SUPERMAN and
WUSCHEL in the female diﬀerentiation of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia”, 20th International Congressof Genetics, (The International Genetics Federation),
Berlin, Germany, July (2008).
Honda I., Nishihara K., Kikuchi K., Matsuo S., Fukuda
M., Kazama Y., Kawano S., and Abe T.: “Physiological analysis of pepper dwarf mutants induced by heavyion-irradiation”, NARO International Symposium on
Solanaceae Genomics to Agriculture and Food Research;

Aiming for Eﬀective and Eﬃcient Application, (National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science), Tsu, Mar.
(2009).
(Domestic)Conference)
(
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
LET
”,
5
,
,5
(2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
19
,
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
19
,
, 9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
DFR
”,
26
,
,
9 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
72
,
, 9 (2008).
,, Flores
Carrasco M.,,,, Tribedi L. C.,
,
,
,
,
: “
(2)”,
2008
,
, 9 (2008).
,,,,: “PCR-SSP
X
”,
114
,(
),
, 10 (2008).
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
SlSUP
”,
114
,
, 10
(2008).
,
,
,
,
: “A
WUSCHEL homologue is exclusively linked to the X
chromosome in the dioeciousplant Silene latifolia ”,
(PSC)
DNA
Joint Retreat 2008,,
10 (2008).
,,, Hassan T. A.,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
,
: “
”,
64
,(
),
, 3 (2009).

1- 506 -

Radiation
Biology Team
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Tanigawa N., Kashiwabara T., Hokura A., Abe T., Shibata
M., and Nakayama M.: “A peculiar yellow ﬂower coloration of camellia using aluminum-ﬂavonoid interaction”, J. Jpn. Soc. Hort. Sci. 77, No. 4, pp. 402–407(2008).
Fukuda N., Hokura A., Kitajima N., Terada Y., Saito H.,
Abe T., and Nakai I.: “Micro X-ray ﬂuorescence imaging
and micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy of cadmium
hyper-accumulating plant, Arabidopsis helleri ssp. gemmifera, using high-energy synchrotron radiation”, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 23, 1068–1075(2008).
Kanaya T., Saito H., Hayashi Y., Fukunishi N., Ryuto
H., Miyazaki K., Kusumi T., Abe T., and Suzuki K.:“Heavy-ion beam-induced sterile mutants of verbena(Verbena × Hybrida) with an improved ﬂowering habit”,
Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 91–96 (2008).
Kanaya T., Saito H., Hayashi Y., Fukunishi N., Ryuto
H., Miyazaki K., Abe T., and Suzuki K.: “A Heavy-ion
beam-induced mutant of Verbena × Hybrida and wildtype V.peruviana demonstrate diﬀerent types of selfincompatibility”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 97–
100 (2008).
Sugiyama M., Saito H., Ichida H., Hayashi Y., Ryuto H.,
Fukunishi N., Terakawa T., and Abe T.: “Biological effects of heavy-ion beam irradiation on cyclamen”, Plant
Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 101–104 (2008).
Kazama Y., Saito H., Miyagai M., Takehisa H., Ichida H.,
Miyazawa Y., Mishiba K., Kanaya T., Suzuki K., Bae
C., Miyoshi K., Mii M., and Abe T.: “Eﬀect of heavy
ion-beam irradiation on plant growth and mutation induction in Nicotiana tabacum”, Plant Biotechnol. 25,
No. 1, pp. 105–111 (2008).
Kazama Y., Saito H., Yamamoto Y. Y., Hayashi Y.,
Ichida H., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., and Abe T.: “LETdependent eﬀects of heavy-ion beam irradiation in Arabidopsis thaliana”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp.
113–117 (2008).
Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., Hayashi Y., Ichida H., Abe T.,
Kase M., and Yano Y.: “Heavy-ion beam irradiation facility for biological samples in RIKEN”, Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 119–122 (2008).
Hirayama R., Ito A., Tomita M., Tsukada T., Yatagai F.,
Noguchi M., Matsumoto Y., Kase Y., Ando K., Okayasu
R., and Furusawa Y.: “Contributions of direct and indirect actions in cell killing by high-LET radiations”,
Radiat. Res. 171, 212–218 (2009).
(Review)
Kazama Y. and Matsunaga S.: “The use of repetitive DNA
in cytogenetic studies of plant sex chromosomes”, Cyto-

genet. Genome Res. 120, No. 3/4, pp. 247–254 (2008).
: “”, Isotope
News, No. 648, pp. 13–15 (2008).
: “1 ”, NL, No. 369, p. 3 (2008).
: “2 ”, NL, No. 372, p. 3 (2008).
,
,
,
: “
”,
,

,

119, 4–8 (2008).
: “”,

119, 13–17 (2008).
: “3 ”, NL, No. 373, p. 3 (2009).
(Others)
Sasaki K., Aida R., Niki T., Yamaguchi H., Narumi T.,
Nishijima T., Hayashi Y., Ryuto H., Fukunishi N.,
Abe T., and Ohtsubo N.: “High-eﬃciency improvementof transgenic torenia ﬂowers by ion beam irradiation”,
Plant Biotechnol. 25, No. 1, pp. 81–89 (2008).
,
,
,
,
: “
DNA
”,
22, 245–246 (2007).
,
,
: “
”,
, No. 119, pp. 13–17 (2008).
(Technical Document)
Kazama Y. and Kawano S.: “Detection of pseudo autosomal region in the Silene latifolia Y chromosome by FISH
analysis of chromosomal distal end satellite DNAs”, Cytologia 73, No. 2, pp. 2–2 (2008).
Proc.][[Book・Proceedings](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Abe T., Kazama Y., Ichida H., Hayashi Y., Ryuto H.,
and Fukunishi N.: “Plant breeding using the ion beamirradiation in RIKEN”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications(Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Itary, 2006–9 10,
INFN, Giardini Naxos, pp. 222–224 (2008).
Hayashi Y., Takehisa H., Kazama Y., Ichida H., Ryuto H.,
Fukunishi N., Abe T., Kanba C., and Sato T.: “Eﬀect
of ion beam irradiation on mutation induction in rice”,
Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons 2007), Giardini Naxos, Itaty, 2007–9 10, INFN, Giardini Naxos,
pp. 237–239 (2008).
(Review),,

Vol.16,: “DNA

2007–8,
: “

,

,

: “
,

”, DNA, pp. 108–110 (2008).
18 ,, pp. 29–61 (2008).

”,
,

1

- 507 -

”,
43 RI
,
,
2008–2, (,, pp. 11–20 (2008).
(Others)
Kazama Y., Saito H., Hayashi Y., Ichida H., Ohbu S.,
Ryuto H., Fukunishi N., and Abe T.: “Eﬀects of ion
beam irradiation on mutation induction in Arabidopsis thaliana”, Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Cyclotrons and Their Applications (Cyclotrons2007), Giardini Naxos, Itary, 2007–9 10, INFN, Giardini Naxos, pp. 240–242 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Ikeda T., Kojima T., Iwai Y., Kanai Y., Kambara T.,
Nebiki T., Narusawa T., and Yamazaki Y.: “Production of a nm sized slow HCI beam with a guiding effect”, 13th International Conference on the Physics ofHighly Charged Ions (HCI 2006), Belfast, UK, Aug.–
Sept. (2006).
Saito T., Tabayashi A., Kazama Y., Abe T., and Hayashi
Y.: “The eﬀect of heavy ion beam on the tea plant”, 3rdInternational Conference on O-CHA (Tea) Culture andSciecne, Shizuoka, Nov. (2007).
Takehisa H., Fukuta Y., Yamaya T., Abe T., and SatoT.: “Epistatic interaction of qLb-3 and qLb-11 controlling leaf-bronzing in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in reduced soil”, 9th Conference of the International Society
for Plant Anaerobiosis (ISPA): Molecular, Physiologicaland Ecological Adaptations to Flooded Conditions byCrops and Native Plants, Sendai, Nov. (2007).
Kazama Y., Ohbu S., Hayashi Y., Matsuyama T., and Abe
T.: “New technology for inducing deletion mutants in
Arabidopsis thaliana”, 19th International Conference on
Arabidopsis Research, (The North American Arabidopsis Steering Committee), Montreal, Canada, July (2008).
Koizumi A., Nishihara K., Yamanaka K., Ishii K., Kazama
Y., Abe T., and Kawano S.: “Asexual and bisexual mutants caused by defective sex-chromosomes inthe dioecious plant, Silene latifolia”, 20th International
Congress of Genetics, (The International Genetics Federation), Berlin, Germany, July (2008).
Nishihara K., Kazama Y., Fujiwara M., Koizumi A.,
Abe T., and Kawano S.: “Roles of SUPERMAN and
WUSCHEL in the female diﬀerentiation of the dioecious plant Silene latifolia”, 20th International Congressof Genetics, (The International Genetics Federation),
Berlin, Germany, July (2008).
Ishii K., Amanai Y., Kazama Y., Sugiyama R.,
and Kawano S.: “Three BAC clones containing distal
regions of sex chromosomes in the dioecious plant, Silene latifolia”, 20th International Congress of Genetics,(The International Genetics Federation), Berlin, Germany, July (2008).
Niwa K., Hayashi Y., Abe T., and Aruga Y.: “Induc-tion and isolation of pigmentation mutants of Porphyra yezoensis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) by heavy-ion
beam irradiation”, 5th Asian Paciﬁc Phycological Forum, Wellington, New Zealand, Nov. (2008).
Murai K. and Abe T.: “Chromatin deletion mutantsin einkorn wheat induced by ion-beam irradiation”,
3rd Asian Chromosome Colloquium 2008, Suita, Dec.
(2008).
Ichida H.: “Heavy-ion irradiation and in silico RLGS – newtechnologies to induce and detect bacterial mutations”,
Brookhaven National Laboratory Biology Seminar, (Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory),
Upton, USA, Dec. (2008).
Honda I., Nishihara K., Kikuchi K., Matsuo S., Fukuda
M., Kazama Y., Kawano S., and Abe T.: “Physiological analysis of pepper dwarf mutants induced by heavyion-irradiation”, NARO International Symposium on
Solanaceae Genomics to Agriculture and Food Research;
Aiming for Eﬀective and Eﬃcient Application, (National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science), Tsu, Mar.
(2009).
Imanishi S., Suzuki T., Noguchi A., Hatakeyama R.,
Nagata M., Abe T., and Honda I.: “Resources andtools for tomato functional genomics developed by
NIVTS/NARO: Libraries of ‘Micro-Tom’ tomato mutations induced by heavy-ion bombardment and “wholegene” microarray”, NARO International Symposium on
Solanaceae Genomics to Agriculture and Food Research;
Aiming for Eﬀective and Eﬃcient Application, Tsu,Mar. (2009).
((Domestic )Conference)
: “

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: “
18

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3- 509 -

20

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4- 510 -RI Applications Team
RNC

[Journal][](Original Papers)

Publications
Publications*Subject to Peer Review

Takechi M., Fukuda M., Mihara M., Chinda T.,
Matsumasa T., Matsubara H., Nakashima Y., Matsuta
K., Minamisono T., Koyama R., Shinosaki W.,
Takahashi M., Takisawa A., Ohtsubo T., Suzuki T.,
Momota S., Hatanaka K., Suda T., Sasaki M., Sato S.,
and Kitagawa A.: “Reaction cross-sections for stable nuclei and nucleon density distribution of proton drip-line
nucleus 8B”, Eur. Phys. J. A 25, No. s01, pp. 217–219(2005).
Ishii Y., Toyoshima A., Tsukada K., Asai M., Toume
H., Nishinaka I., Nagame Y., Miyashita S., Mori T.,
Suganuma H., Haba H., Sakamaki M., Goto S., Kudo
H., Akiyama K., Oura Y., Nakahara H., Tashiro T.,
Shinohara A., Schaedel M., Bruechle W., Pershina
V., and Kratz J. V.: “Fluoride Complexation of Element 104, Rutherfordium (Rf), Investigated by Cationexchange Chromatography”, Chem. Lett. 37, No. 3,
pp. 288–289 (2008).
Haba H., Kikunaga H., Kaji D., Akiyama T., MorimotoK., Morita K., Nanri T., Ooe K., Sato N., Shinohara
A., Suzuki D., Takabe T., Yamazaki I., Yokoyama A.,
and Yoneda A.: “Performance of the gas-jet transportsystem coupled to the RIKEN gas-ﬁlled recoil ion separator GARIS for the 238U(22Ne,5n)255No reaction”, J.
Nucl. Radiochem. Sci. 9, No. 1, pp. 27–31 (2008).
Takahashi M. and Takahashi K.: “Estimation of silica
Species’ concentrations in lithium and magnesium chloride solutions from the peak intensities observed by
FAB-MS”, J. Solution Chem. 37, 1187–1195 (2008).
Toyoshima A., Haba H., Tsukada K., Asai M., AkiyamaK., Goto S., Ishii Y., Nishinaka I., Sato T., Nagame Y.,
Sato W., Tani Y., Hasegawa H., Matsuo K., Saika D.,
Kitamoto Y., Shinohara A., Ito M., Saito J., Kudo H.,
Yokoyama A., Sakama M., Sueki K., Oura Y., Nakahara
H., Schaedel M., Bruechle W., and Kratz J. V.: “Hexaﬂuoro complex of rutherfordium in mixed HF/HNO3
solutions”, Radiochim. Acta 96, 125–134 (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Kitatsuji Y., Tsukada K.,
Haba H., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Developmentof an electrochemistry apparatus for the heaviest elements”, Radiochim. Acta 96, 323–326 (2008).
Kasamatu Y., Toyoshima A., Haba H., Toume H., Tsukada
K., Akiyama K., Yoshimura T., and Nagame Y.: “Adsorption of Nb, Ta and Pa on anion-exchanger in HF and
HF/HNO3 solutions: Model experiments for the chemical study of Db”, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 279,
371–376 (2009).
Tsukada K., Haba H., Asai M., Toyoshima A., AkiyamaK., Kasamatu Y., Nishinaka I., Ichikawa S., Yasuda K.,
Miyamoto Y., Hashimoto K., Nagame Y., Goto S., Kudo

H., Sato W., Shinohara A., Oura Y., Sueki K., Kikunaga
H., Kinoshita N., Yokoyama A., Schaedel M., BruechleW., and Kratz J. V.: “Adsorption of Db and its homologues Nb and Ta, and the pseudo-homologue Pa on
anion-exchange resin in HF solution”, Radiochim. Acta97, 83–89 (2009).
Takahashi M., Urabe T., Oikawa T., Nagashima H.,
and Nemoto M.: “First application of the depth proﬁleof silica species as a tracer by fast-atom bombardment
mass spectrometry: investigation of the circulation ofseawater and silica uptake by diatoms”, Rapid Commun.
Mass Spectrom. 23, 698–704 (2009).
(Others)
Asai M., Tsukada K., Sakama M., Ishii Y., Toyoshima A.,
Ishii T., Nishinaka I., Nagame Y., Kasamatu Y., Shibata
M., Hayashi H., Haba H., and Kojima Y.: “Alphagamma coincidence spectroscopy of 259No”, JAEAReview 2008-054, 40–41 (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji A.,
Haba H., Asai M., Ishii Y., Toume H., Akiyama K., Ooe
K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Oxidationof divalent nobelium (No) to the trivalent state using anelectrochemistry apparatus”, JAEA-Review 2008-054,
63–64 (2008).
Kasamatu Y., Toyoshima A., Asai M., Tsukada K., Ishii
Y., Toume H., Nishinaka I., Sato T., Nagame Y., Haba
H., Kikunaga H., Akiyama K., Goto S., Ichikawa T.,
Kudo H., Sato W., Ooe K., Kuribayashi T., Shinohara
A., Kinoshita N., Arai M., Yokoyama A., Sakama M.,
Qin Z., and Duellmann C. E.: “Adsorption of element
105, Db, on the anion-exchange resin in HF/HNO3 media”, JAEA-Review 2008-054, 65–66 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji A.,
Haba H., Asai M., Ishii Y., Toume H., Akiyama K.,
Ooe K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Electrochemical oxidation of element 102, nobelium”, 2ndInternational Nuclear Chemistry Congress (2nd-INCC),(National University of Mexico), Cancun, Mexico, Apr.
(2008).
Akiyama K., Haba H., Sueki K., Tsukada K., Asai M.,
Toyoshima A., Nagame Y., and Katada M.: “Metallofullerene Encapsulating 225 Ac”, 2nd International Nuclear Chemistry Congress (2nd-INCC), (National University of Mexico), Cancun, Mexico, Apr. (2008).
Toyoshima A., Kasamatu Y., Tsukada K., Kitatsuji Y.,
Haba H., Ishii Y., Toume H., Asai M., Akiyama K., Ooe
K., Sato W., Shinohara A., and Nagame Y.: “Characterization of heavy actinides with electrochemistry”, Spring2008 ACS National Meeting & Exposition, (American
Chemical Society), USA, New Orleans, Apr. (2008).
((Domestic )Conference)
,
,
,
,
,
,

1

- 511 -

,
,

,
,

,
“105

,

,

,

,

,
,

,

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(Db)

,
,
,
:
HF/HNO3”,88, (TheChemical Society of Japan),, 3 (2008).
,
,
,
,
: “
1.
1260AD
”,
2008
,(
),
, 5 (2008).
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- 512 -

Safety
RNCManagement Group
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Takamiya K., Ota Y., Akamine M., Shibata S., Shibata T.,
Ito Y., Imamura M., Uwamino Y., Nogawa N., Baba M.,
Iwasaki S., and Matsuyama S.: “Excitation function for
63Cu(n,p)63Ni reaction in neutron energy range up to 15
MeV”, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 66, No. 10, pp. 1321–1324(2008).
Takamiya K., Imanaka T., Ota Y., Akamine M., Shibata
S., Shibata T., Ito Y., Imamura M., Uwamino Y.,
Nogawa N., Baba M., Iwasaki S., and Matsuyama S.:“Nickel-63 production in copper samples exposed to theHiroshima atomic bomb: estimation based on an excitation function obtained by neutron irradiation experiments”, Radiat. Environ. Biophys. 47, 343–348 (2008).
(Others)
: “

II.
RI
”, Radioisotopes 57, No.

4, pp. 261–266 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Uwamino Y., Sakamoto H., and Fukunishi N.: “Safety Design of the Radioactive Isotope Beam Facility (RIBF)
at RIKEN”, Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets
and Irradiation Facilities 8th Meeting, (OECD/NEA),
Pohang, Korea, May (2006).

1- 513 -

RIKEN BNL Research Center
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Aoki Y., Blum T. C., Christ N. H., Dawson C., IzubuchiT., Mawhinney R. D., Noaki J., Ohta S., Orginos K.,
Soni A., and Yamada N.: “Kaon B-parameter fromquenched domain-wall QCD”, Phys. Rev. D 73, 0945071–094507-33 (2006).
Patricia L.: “Extraction of ∆G/G from HERMES dataon Inclusive Charged Hadrons”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915,
331–334 (2007).
Okada H., Bunce G. M., Jinnouchi O., Nakagawa I., Saito
N., Alekseev I., Bravar A., Dhawan S., Eyser K. O.,
Gill R., Haeberli W., Huang H., Makdisi Y. I., NassA., Stephenson E., Sviridia D., Wise T., Wood J.,
and Zelenski A.: “Measurements of single and double
spin asymmetry in pp elastic scattering in the CNI region with polarized hydrogen gas jet target”, AIP Conf.
Proc. 915, 681–684 (2007).
Samios N. P.: “RHIC: The early years”, J. Phys. G 34,
S181–S189 (2007).
Vogelsang W. and Yuan F.: “Hadronic Dijet imbalance
and Transverse-Momentum Dependent Parton Distributions”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 094013-1–094013-6 (2007).
Aoki Y. and Wennekers J.: “Heavy-light matrix elements
in static limit with domain wall fermions”, Proceedingsof Science, No. 345, pp. 1–7 (2007).
Albertus C., Aoki Y., Boyle P. A., Christ N. H.,
Del Debbio L., Dumitrescu T. T., Flynn J. M.,
Izubuchi T., Loktik O., Sachrajda C. T., Soni A.,
and Wennekers J.: “B − B-mixing with domain wall
fermions in the static approximation”, Proceedings of
Science, No. 376, pp. 1–7 (2007).
Okada H., Bunce G. M., Jinnouchi O., Nakagawa I., Saito
N., Alekseev I., Bravar A., Dhawan S., Eyser K. O.,
Gill R., Haeberli W., Huang H., Makdisi Y. I., NassA., Stephenson E., Sviridia D., Wise T., Wood J.,
and Zelenski A.: “Absolute polarimetry at RHIC”, AIP
Conf. Proc. 980, 370–379 (2008).
Sakuma F., Enyo H., Fukao Y., Funahashi H., Hamagaki
H., Kitaguchi M., Miwa K., Murakami T., Naruki
M., Ozawa K., Sekimoto M., Tabaru T., Togawa M.,
Yokkaichi S., Chiba J., Kanda H., Ieiri M., Ishino M.,
Mihara S., Miyashita T., Muto R., Nakura T., SasakiO., Tanaka K., Yamada S., and Yoshimura Y.: “Partial
decay widths of the phi into e+e- and K+K- pairs in
12 GeV p+A reactions at KEK-PS E325”, Mod. Phys.
Lett. A 23, No. 27/30, pp. 2401–2404 (2008).
Koike Y., Vogelsang W., and Yuan F.: “On the Relation
Between Mechanisms for Single-Transverse-Spin Asymmetries”, Phys. Lett. B 659, 878–884 (2008).
Aoki Y., Boyle P. A., Cooney P., Del
Debbio L., Kenway
R. D., Maynard C. M., Soni A., and Tweedie R. J.:“Proton lifetime bounds from chirally symmetric lattice
QCD”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 054505-1–054505- (2008).
Aoki Y., Boyle P. A., Christ N. H., Dawson C., Donnellan
M. A., Izubuchi T., Juttner A., Li S., Mawhinney R.
D., Noaki J., Sachrajda C. T., Soni A., Tweedie R.
J., and Yamaguchi A.: “Nonperturbative renormalization of quark bilinear operators and BK using domain
wall fermions”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 054510-1–054510-28(2008).
Allton C., Antonio D. J., Aoki Y., Blum T. C., Boyle P.
A., Christ N. H., Clark M. A., Cohen S. D., Dawson
C., Donnellan M. A., Flynn J. M., Hart A., Izubuchi
T., Jung C., Juttner A., Kennedy A. D., Kenway R. D.,
Li M., Li S., Lin M., Mawhinney R. D., Maynard C.
M., Ohta S., Pendleton B. J., Sachrajda C. T., SasakiS., Scholtz E. E., Soni A., Tweedie R. J., Wennekers J.,
Yamazaki T., and Zanotti J. M.: “Physical results from
2+1 ﬂavor domain wall QCD and SU(2) chiral perturbation theory”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 114509-1–114509-60(2008).
Boyle P. A., Juttner A., Kenway R. D., Sachrajda C.
T., Sasaki S., Tweedie R. J., Soni A., and Zanotti J.
M.: “K 13 semileptonic form-factor from 2+1 ﬂavour lattice QCD”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 141601-1–141601-4(2008).
Yamazaki T., Aoki Y., Blum T. C., Lin H., Lin M., Ohta
S., Sasaki S., Tweedie R. J., and Zanotti J. M.: “Nucleon Axial Charge in (2+1)-Flavor Dynamical-Lattice
QCD with Domain-Wall Fermions”, Phys. Rev. Lett.
100, 171602-1–171602-4 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((International) Conference etc.)
Okada K. and PHENIX C.: “Probing spin-structure of
proton with the PHENIX Central Arm Detectors”, 11th
Workshop on High Energy Spin Physics, (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research ), Dubna, Russia, Sept.–Oct.
(2005).
Kohama A., Iida K., and Oyamatsu K.: “Reaction crosssection and nuclear radius in the black-sphere picture”, International Workshop on “Nuclear Physics with
RIBF”, Wako, Mar. (2006).
Aoki Y., Dawson C., Noaki J., and Soni A.: “Proton decay matrix elements with domain-wall fermions”, Joint
Meeting of Paciﬁc Region Particle Physics Communities (DPF2006+JPS2006) , Honolulu, USA, Oct.–Nov.
(2006).
Aoki Y. and RBC/UKQCD c.: “Heavy-light matrix elements in static limit with Nf = 2 + 1 domain wall
fermions”, Lattice 2007, 25th International Symposiumon Lattice Field Theory, (Physics Department, University of Regensburg), Regensburg, Germany, July–Aug.
(2007).
Aoki Y.: “Nucleon decay matrix elements on the lattice”,
Workshop on Next Generation Nucleon Decay and Neu-

1

- 514 -

trino Detectors 2007 (NNN07-Hamamatsu), (ICRR and
KEK), Hamamatsu, Oct. (2007).
Aoki Y.: “Lattice calculations of EOS using stout staggered action”, Hydrodynamics in Heavy Ion Collisions
and QCD Equation of State, (RIKEN BNL ResearchCenter), Upton, USA, Apr. (2008).
Aoki Y.:“Quark mass renormalization with nonexceptional momenta”, Lattice 2008, 26th International
Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, (College of William
and Mary), Williamsburg, USA, July (2008).
((Domestic )Conference): “B 0 − B 0 mixing in static limit with 2+1 ﬂavor
domain wall fermions”,
62,, 9 (2007).
: “Hadronic matrix elements with domain wall,
, 9
fermions”,(2007).
: “
”,
2008
,
,9
(2008).
: “
”,
,(
),
, 12
(2008).

2- 515 -

RNCTheory Group

Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Lappi T. and McLerran L.: “Some features of the glasma”,
Nucl. Phys. A 772, 200–212 (2006).
Aoki Y., Blum T. C., Christ N. H., Dawson C., IzubuchiT., Mawhinney R. D., Noaki J., Ohta S., Orginos K.,
Soni A., and Yamada N.: “Kaon B-parameter fromquenched domain-wall QCD”, Phys. Rev. D 73, 0945071–094507-33 (2006).
McLerran L.: “Summary Talk for ISMD 06”, Brazilian
Journal of Physics 37, 861–866 (2007).
Aoki S. and Bar O.: “WChPT Analysis of Twisted Mass
Lattice Data”, Eur. Phys. J. A 31, 781–783 (2007).
Mocsy A.: “The η c above deconﬁnement”, J. Phys. G 34,
745–748 (2007).
Fries R.: “Early time evolusion of high-energy heavy-ion
collisions”, J. Phys. G 34 , S851–S854 (2007).
Armesto N., McLerran L., and Pajares C.: “Long Range
Forward-Backward Correlations and the Color Glass
Condensate”, Nucl. Phys. A 781, 201–208 (2007).
Iida K. and Fukushima K.: “Instability of a Gapless Color
Superconductor with Respect to Inhomogeneous Fluctuations”, Nucl. Phys. A 785, 118c–121c (2007).
Fukushima K., Gelis F., and McLerran L.: “Initial Singularity of the Little Bang”, Nucl. Phys. A 786, 107–130(2007).
McLerran L.: “The Color Glass Condensate to theStrongly Interacting Quark Gluon Plasma: Theoretical
Development”, Nucl. Phys. A 787, 1c–8c (2007).
Iancu E. and McLerran L.: “Liouville ﬁeld theory for gluon
saturation in QCD at high energy”, Nucl. Phys. A 793,
96–127 (2007).
Marquet C.: “Forward Inclusive Dijet Production and Azimuthal Correlations in pA Collisions”, Nucl. Phys. A
796, 41–60 (2007).
McLerran L. and Pisarski R. D.: “Phases of Dense Quarks
at Large Nc ”, Nucl. Phys. A 796, 83–100 (2007).
Qiu J., Vogelsang W., and Yuan F.: “Asymmetric di-jet
production in polarized hadronic collisions”, Phys. Lett.
B 650, 373–378 (2007).
Aoki Y., Dawson C., Noaki J., and Soni A.: “Proton decay matrix elements with domain-wall fermions”, Phys.
Rev. D 75, 014507-1–014507-24 (2007).
Bomhof C. J., Mulders P. J., Vogelsang W., and Yuan
F.: “Single-Transverse Spin Asymmetry in dijet correlation at hadron colliders”, Phys. Rev. D 75, 074019-1–
074019-7 (2007).
Li Y. and Kirill T. L.: “Gluon recombination in highparton density QCD: Inclusive pion production”, Phys.
Rev. D 75, 074022-1–074022-13 (2007).
Maezawa Y., Ukita N., Aoki S., Ejiri S., Ishii N.,
and Kanaya K.: “Heavy-quark free energy, Debye mass,and spatical string tension at ﬁnite temperature in two
ﬂavor lattice QCD with Wilson quark action”, Phys.
Rev. D 75, 074501-1–074501-23 (2007).
Marquet C., Peschanski R., and Soyez G.: “Exclusive vector meson production at HERA from QCD with saturation”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 034011-1–034011-10 (2007).
Fukushima K. and Iida K.: “Larkin-Ovchinnikov-FuldeFerrell state in two-color quark matter”, Phys. Rev. D
76, 054004-1–054004-10 (2007).
Qiu J., Vogelsang W., and Yuan F.: “Single transversespin asymmetry in hadronic dijet production”, Phys.
Rev. D 76, 074029-1–074029-30 (2007).
Basak S., Edwards R. G., Fleming G. T., Juge K. J.,
Morningstar C., Lichtl A., Richard D. G., Sato I.,
and Wallace S. J.: “Lattice QCD Determination of Patterns of Excited Baryon States”, Phys. Rev. D 76,
074504-1–074504-14 (2007).
Vogelsang W. and Yuan F.: “Hadronic Dijet imbalance
and Transverse-Momentum Dependent Parton Distributions”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 094013-1–094013-6 (2007).
Marquet C.: “Uniﬁed Description of Diﬀractive Deep Inelastic Scattering with Saturation”, Phys. Rev. D 76,
094017-1–094017-12 (2007).
Aoki S., Fukugita M., Ishikawa K., Ishizuka N., Kanaya
K., Kuramashi Y., Namekawa Y., Okawa M., Sasaki K.,
Ukawa A., and Yoshie T.: “Lattice QCD Calculation ofthe ρ Meson Decay Width”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 0945061–094506-8 (2007).
Blum T. C., Doi T., Hayakawa M., Izubushi T.,
and Yamada N.: “Determination of Light Quark Masses
From the Electromagnetic Splitting of Pseudoscalar Meson Masses Computed with Two Flavors of Domain
Wall Fermions”, Phys. Rev. D 76, 114508-1–11450816 (2007).
Avakian H., Brodsky S. J., Deur A., and Yuan F.: “Effect of Orbital Angular Momentum on Valence-Quark
Helicity Distributions”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 0820011–082001-4 (2007).
Mocsy A.: “Color Screening Melts Quarkonium”, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 99 , 211602-1–211602-4 (2007).
Ishikawa T., Azeyanagi T., Hanada M., and Hirata T.:“Phase structure of twisted Eguchi-Kawai model”, Proceedings of Science, No. 054, pp. 1–7 (2007).
Mocsy A.: “Describing Charmonium Correlation Functions in Euclidean Time”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics
155, 101–106 (2008).
Petreczky P.: “Properties of quark gluon plasma from lattice calculations”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 155,
123–130 (2008).
Azeyanagi T., Hirata T., Hanada M., and Ishikawa T.:“Phase structure of twisted Eguchi-Kawai model”, J.
High Energy Phys. 0801, No. 025, pp. 1–17 (2008).

1- 516 -

Petreczky P.: “Progress in ﬁnite temperature lattice
QCD”, J. Phys. G 35, 044033-1–044033-7 (2008).
McLerran L.: “From AGS-SPS and onwards to the LHC”,
J. Phys. G 35, 104001-1–12 (2008).
Kirill T. L.: “Forward Hadron Production in HIgh Energy
pA Collisions: From RHIC to LHC”, Nucl. Phys. A
798, 61–73 (2008).
Dmitri K. E., McLerran L., and Warringa H. J.: “TheEﬀects of Topological Charge Change in Heavy Ion Collisions: “Event by event P and CP Violation””, Nucl.
Phys. A 803, 227–253 (2008).
Dumitru A., Gelis F., McLerran L., and Venugopalan R.:“Glasma ﬂux tubes and the near side ridge phenomenon
at RHIC”, Nucl. Phys. A 810, 91–108 (2008).
Karsch F., Kharzeev D. E., and Kirill T. L.: “Universal
Properties of Bulk Viscosity Near the QCD Phase Transition”, Phys. Lett. B 663, 217–221 (2008).
Mocsy A. and Petreczky P.: “Can Quarkonia Survive Deconﬁnement?”, Phys. Rev. D 77, 014501-1–014501-20(2008).
Cheng M., Christ N. H., Datta S., Heide J. V., Kaczmarek
O., Laermann E., Mawhinney R. D., Mioa C., Petreczky
P., Petrov K., Schmidt C., Soeldner W., and Umeda
T.: “The QCD Equation of State with Almost Physical
Quark Mass”, Phys. Rev. D 77, 014511-1–014511-20(2008).
Ishikawa T., Aoki S., Fukugita M., Hashimoto S., Ishikawa
K., Ishizuka N., Iwasaki Y., Kanaya K., Kaneko T.,
Okawa M., Taniguchi Y., Tsutsui N., Ukawa A., YamadaN., and Yoshie T.: “Light-quark masses from unquenched lattice QCD”, Phys. Rev. D 78, No.
011502(R), pp. 011502-1–011502-5 (2008).
Lin H., Blum T., Ohta S., Sasaki S., and Yamazaki
T.: “Nucleon structure with two ﬂavors of dynamical
domain-wall fermions”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 014505-1–
014505-29 (2008).
Aoki Y., Boyle P. A., Christ N. H., Dawson C., Donnellan
M. A., Izubuchi T., Juttner A., Li S., Mawhinney R.
D., Noaki J., Sachrajda C. T., Soni A., Tweedie R.
J., and Yamaguchi A.: “Nonperturbative renormalization of quark bilinear operators and BK using domain
wall fermions”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 054510-1–054510-28(2008).
Allton C., Antonio D. J., Aoki Y., Blum T. C., Boyle P.
A., Christ N. H., Clark M. A., Cohen S. D., Dawson
C., Donnellan M. A., Flynn J. M., Hart A., Izubuchi
T., Jung C., Juttner A., Kennedy A. D., Kenway R. D.,
Li M., Li S., Lin M., Mawhinney R. D., Maynard C.
M., Ohta S., Pendleton B. J., Sachrajda C. T., SasakiS., Scholtz E. E., Soni A., Tweedie R. J., Wennekers J.,
Yamazaki T., and Zanotti J. M.: “Physical results from
2+1 ﬂavor domain wall QCD and SU(2) chiral perturbation theory”, Phys. Rev. D 78, 114509-1–114509-60(2008).
Antonio D. J., Boyle P. A., Blum T. C., Christ N. H.,

Cohen S. D., Dawson C., Izubushi T., Kenway R. D.,
Jung C., Li S., Lin M. F., Mawhinney R. D., Noaki J.,
Ohta S., Pendleton B. J., Scholz E. E., Soni A., Tweedie
R. J., and Yamaguchi A.: “Neutral-Kaon Mixing from(2+1)-Flavor Domain-Wall QCD”, Phys. Rev. Lett.
100, 032001-1–032001-4 (2008).
Yuan F.: “Asymmetric azimuthal distribution of hadrons
inside a jet at hadron-hadron collisions”, Phys. Rev.
Lett. 100, 032003-1–032003-14 (2008).
Yamazaki T., Aoki Y., Blum T. C., Lin H., Lin M., Ohta
S., Sasaki S., Tweedie R. J., and Zanotti J. M.: “Nucleon Axial Charge in (2+1)-Flavor Dynamical-Lattice
QCD with Domain-Wall Fermions”, Phys. Rev. Lett.
100, 171602-1–171602-4 (2008).
Nawa K., Suganuma H., and Kojo T.: “Brane-induced
Skyrmion on S 3 : Baryonic matter in holographic QCD”,
Phys. Rev. D 79, 026005-1–026005-25 (2009).
Bulava J. M., Edwards R. G., Engelson E., Foley J.,
Joo B., Lichtl A., Lin H., Mathur N., Morningstar C.,
Richards D. G., and Wallace S. J.: “Excited state nucleon spectrum with two ﬂavors of dynamical fermions”,
Phys. Rev. D 79, 034505-1–034505-17 (2009).
Ohta S. and Yamazaki T.: “Nucleon structure withdynamical (2+1)-ﬂavor domain wall fermions lattice
QCD.”, Proceedings of Science, No. 168, pp. 1–14
(2009).
Ishikawa T. and RBC and UKQCD Collab .: “Perturbative O(αs a) matching in static heavy and domain-walllight quark system”, Proceedings of Science, No. 277,
pp. 1–7 (2009).
(Others)
Kojo T. and Jido D.: “QCD Sum Rules and 1/N(c) expansion”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No. 174, pp.
258–261 (2008).
Nawa K., Suganuma H., and Kojo T.: “Baryonic Matterin Holographic QCD”, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl., No.
174, pp. 347–352 (2008).

Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(International() Conference etc.)
Aoki Y., Dawson C., Noaki J., and Soni A.: “Proton decay matrix elements with domain-wall fermions”, Joint
Meeting of Paciﬁc Region Particle Physics Communities (DPF2006+JPS2006) , Honolulu, USA, Oct.–Nov.
(2006).
Ishikawa T.: “Phase structure of twisted Eguchi-Kawai
model”, Lattice 2007, 25th International Symposium on
Lattice Field Theory, Regensburg, Germany, July–Aug.
(2007).
Kojo T. and Jido D.: “QCD Sum Rules and 1/N(c) expansion: On the low energy dominance and separationof scattering backgrounds”, Hadron Structure and QCD:
from Low to High energies (HSQCD 2008), (St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute), Gatchina, Russia,
June–July (2008).

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Ishikawa T.: “B meson decay constant in static approximation with domain wall fermion and perturbative O(αs a)matching”, Lattice 2008, 26th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Williamsburg, USA, July
(2008).
((Domestic )Conference): “B meson decay constant in static approximation with 2+1 ﬂavor dynamical domain-wall fermion andperturbative O(a) matching”,
2008,, 9 (2008).

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Experimental Group
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Abhay D.: “Exploring the Nucleon Helicity Structure withpp collision”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 76–81 (2007).
Samuel A. H. and Abhay D.: “The Future of Spin Physics
at BNL”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 184–196 (2007).
Bunce G. M.: “The muon g-2 Experiment at Brookhaven:
Past and Future”, AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 234–239(2007).
Okada H., Bunce G. M., Jinnouchi O., Nakagawa I., Saito
N., Alekseev I., Bravar A., Dhawan S., Eyser K. O.,
Gill R., Haeberli W., Huang H., Makdisi Y. I., NassA., Stephenson E., Sviridia D., Wise T., Wood J.,
and Zelenski A.: “Measurements of single and double
spin asymmetry in pp elastic scattering in the CNI region with polarized hydrogen gas jet target”, AIP Conf.
Proc. 915, 681–684 (2007).
Makdisi Y., Alekseev I., Bellavia S., Bravar A., Bunce
G. M., Chapman M. A., Dhawan S., Eyser K., GasnerD., Gill R., Haeberli W., Li Z., Khodinov A., KponouA., Meng W., Nass A., Okada H., Saito N., Resica S.,
Stephenson E., Svirida D., Trbojevic D., Tsang T., Wise
T., Zelenski A., and Zubets V.: “Status and Operational
Experience with the Polarized Hydrogen Jet at RHIC”,
AIP Conf. Proc. 915, 975–978 (2007).
Okada H., Bunce G. M., Jinnouchi O., Nakagawa I., Saito
N., Alekseev I., Bravar A., Dhawan S., Eyser K. O.,
Gill R., Haeberli W., Huang H., Makdisi Y. I., NassA., Stephenson E., Sviridia D., Wise T., Wood J.,
and Zelenski A.: “Absolute polarimetry at RHIC”, AIP
Conf. Proc. 980, 370–379 (2008).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations((Domestic)Conference), PHENIX C.: “RHIC-PHENIX”,
62,, 9 (2007).
: “Study of proton helicity structure in polarized
62,
p+p collisions at RHIC”,, 9 (2007).
, PHENIX C.: “PHENIX
sqrt(s)=500GeV(
”,
2008
,
, 9 (2008).

1- 519 -

RIKEN
Facility Office at RAL
RNC
Publications
Publications[Journal][](Original Papers) *Subject to Peer Review
Yamada F., Ishii Y., Suzuki T., Matsuzaki T., and Tanaka
H.: “Pressure-induced reentrant oblique antiferromagnetic phase in the spin-dimer system TlCuCl3 ”, Phys.
Rev. B 78, 224405-1–224405-6 (2008).
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations(Domestic)Conference)
(
: “
-RAL
”,
,
,5
(2008).
: “
-RAL
”,
,
,6
(2008).
: “
t-tt+t”, RIBF,(),, 9 (2008).

1- 520 -

CNS東京大学理学系研究科附属原子核科学研究センター(Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo)
誌 上 発Publications
表 Publications[Journal][雑誌](Original Papers)*Subject to Peer Review（原著論文）＊印は査読制度がある論文誌
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Amadio G., Hayakawa S.,
Fujikawa H., Kubono S., He J. J., Kim A., and Binh D.
N.: “Development of a cryogenic gas target system forintense radioisotope beam production at CRIB”, Nucl.
Instrum. Methethods. Phys. Res. A 589, 150–156(2008).*
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Kubono S., Amadio G.,
Fujikawa H., Teranishi T., Saito A., He J. J., NishimuraS., Togano Y., Kwon Y. K., Niikura M., Iwasa N.,
Inafuku K., and Khiem L. H.: “Low-lying non-normal
parity states in 8 B measured by proton elastic scattering on 7 Be”, Phys. Lett. B 672, 230–234 (2009).*
He J. J., Kubono S., Teranishi T., Notani M., Baba H.,
Nishimura S., Moon J. Y., Nishimura M., Michimasa S.,
Iwasaki H., Yanagisawa Y., Hokoiwa N., Kibe M., Lee
J. H., Kato S., Gono Y., and Lee C. S.: “A study of the
proton resonant property in 22 Mg by elastic scattering of
21
Na + p and its astrophysical implication in the 18 Ne(α,p)21 Na reaction rate”, Eur. Phys. J. A 36, 1–5 (2008).*
Kwon Y. K., Lee C. S., Moon J. Y., Lee J. H., Kim
J. Y., Cheoun M. K., Kubono S., Iwasa N., Inafuku
K., Yamaguchi H., He J. J., Saito A., Wakabayashi Y.,
Fujikawa H., Amadio G., Khiem L. H., Tanaka M., Chen
A. A., Kato S., Fuchi Y., and Fukunishi N.: “Astrophysically Important 26 Si States Studied with the28
Si(4 He,6 He )26 Si Reaction”, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 53,
1141 (2008).*
Suzuki T., and Otsuka T.: ”Exotic magnetic properties in
17C”, Phys. Rev. C 78, 061301(R) 1–5, (2008).*
Yoshida T., Suzuki T., Chiba S., Kajino T., Yokomura
H., Kimura K., Takamura A., and Hartmann D. H.:”Neutrino-nucleus reaction cross sections for light element synthesis in supernova explosions”, The Astrophysical Journal 686, 448–466 (2008).*
Adcox K. et al. (PHENIX Collaboration): “PHENIX detector overview”, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. A 499,
469–479 (2003).*
Adare A. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Inclusive
cross section and double helicity asymmetry for π 0 pro√duction in p + p collisions at s = 62.4 GeV”, Phys.
Rev. D 79, 012003 (2009).*
Adare A. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Dilepton
mass spectra in p + p collisions at and the contribution
from open charm”, Phys. Lett. B 670, 313 (2009).*
Adare A. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Charged
hadron multiplicity fluctuations in Au+Au and Cu+Cu√
collisions from sN N = 22.5 to 200 GeV”, Phys. Rev.
C 78, 044902 (2008).*
Adare A. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Dihadron√
azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions at sN N

=200 GeV”, Phys. Rev. C 78, 014901 (2008).*
Adare A. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Onset of√
π 0 Suppression Studied in Cu+Cu collisions at sN N
= 22.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101,
162301 (2008).
Adare A. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Suppression Pattern of Neutral Pions at High Transverse Mo√
mentum in Au+Au Collisions at sN N =200 GeV and
Constraints on Medium Transport Coefficients”, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 101, 232301 (2008).*
Adare A. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Quantitative constraints on the transport properties of hot
partonic matter from semi-inclusive single high transverse momentum pion suppression in Au+Au collisions√
at sN N =200 GeV”, Phys. Rev. C 77, 064907 (2008).*
Adare A. et al, for the PHENIX Collaboration: “J/ψ Pro√
duction in sN N =200 GeV Cu+Cu Collisions”, Phys.
Rev. Lett. 101, 122301 (2008).*
Afanasiev S. et al for the PHENIX Collaboration:“Particle-Species Dependent Modification of Jet√
Induced Correlations in Au+Au Collisions at sN N =200 GeV”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 082301 (2008).*
Afanasiev S. et al, for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Source√
Breakup Dynamics in Au+Au Collisions at sN N = 200
GeV via Three-Dimensional Two-Pion Source Imaging”,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 232301 (2008).*
Imai N., Aoi N., Ong H. J., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombradi Zs., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fulop Zs., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E.,
Kanno S., Kishida T., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi
T., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ohnishi T. K., Saito A.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Suzuki M. K., Takeshita E.,
Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Watanabe H., and Yoneda K.:
12Be”, Phys.
“First lifetime measurement of 2+
1 state in
Lett. B 673, 179–182 (2004).*
Elekes Z., Dombradi Z., Aoi N., Baba H., Bishop S.,
Demichi K., Fulop Z., Gibelin J., Gomi T., Hasegawa
H., Hashimoto Y., Imai N., Ishihara M., Iwasa N.,
Iwasaki H., Kalinka G., Kanno S., Kawai S., Kishida T.,
Kondo Y., Korsheninnikov A. A., Kubo T., Kurita K.,
Kurokawa M., Matsui N., Matsuyama Y., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakamura T., Nakao T.,
Nikolskii E. Y., Notani M., Ohnishi T. K., Okumura
T., Ong H. J., Ota S., Ozawa A., Perera A., Saito
A., Sakai H. K., Sakurai H., Satou Y., Shimoura S.,
Sohler D., Sumikama T., Suzuki D., Suzuki M., Takeda
H., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., ToganoY., Yamada K., Yanagisawa Y., and Yoneda K.: “Thestudy of shell closures in light neutron-rich nuclei”,
J.Phys.(London) G35, 014038 (2008).*
Ota S., Shimoura S., Iwasaki H., Kurokawa M., Michimasa
S., Aoi N., Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuchi T.,
Gomi T., Kanno S., Kubono S., Kurita K., Hasegawa

1- 521 -

H., Ideguchi E., Iwasa N., Matsuyama Y. U., Yurkewicz
K. L., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Murakami T.,
Notani M., Odahara A., Saito A., Sakurai H., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Teranishi T., Yanagisawa
Y., Yamada K., and Ishihara M.: “Low-lying proton
intruder state in 13 B”, Phys. Lett. B 666, 311–314(2008).*
Iwasaki H., Michimasa S., Niikura M., Tamaki M., Aoi N.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Takeuchi S., Ota S., Honma
M., Onishi T. K., Takeshita E., Ong H. J., Baba H.,
Elekes Z., Fukuchi T., Ichikawa Y., Ishihara M., Iwasa
N., Kanno S., Kanungo R., Kawai S., Kubo T., Kurita
K., Motobayashi T., Saito A., Satou Y., Suzuki H.,
Suzuki M. K., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Persistence of the N=50 shell closure in the neutron-richisotope 80 Ge”, Phys. Rev. C 78, 021304(R) (2008).*
Iwasa N., Motobayashi T., Bishop S., Elekes Z., GibelinJ., Hosoi M., Ieki K., Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kawai
S., Kubono S., Kurita K., Kurokawa M., Matsui N.,
Minemura T., Morikawa H., Nakamura T., Niikura M.,
Notani M., Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., ShimouraS., Sugawara K., Sugimoto T., Suzuki H., Suzuki T.,
Tanihata I., Takeshita E., Teranishi T., Togano Y.,
Yamada K., Yamaguchi K., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Large
proton contribution to the 2+ excitation in 20 Mg studied
by intermediate energy inelastic scattering”, Phys. Rev.
C 78, 024306 (2008).*
Aoi N., Takeshita E., Suzuki H., Takeuchi S., Ota S.,
Baba H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong
H. J., Ideguchi E., Ieki K., Imai N., Ishihara M.,
Iwasaki H., Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K.,
Kusaka K., Minemura T., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi
T., Nakamura T., Nakao T., Niikura M., Okumura T.,
Ohnishi T. K., Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., SuzukiD., Suzuki M. K., Tamaki M., Tanaka K., Togano Y.,
and Yamada K.: “Development of Large Deformation in
62Cr”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 012502 (2009).*
Kondo Y., Nakamura T., Satou Y., Matsumoto T., Aoi N.,
Endo N., Fukuda N., Gomi T., Hashimoto Y., Ishihara
M., Kawai S., Kitayama M., Kobayashi T., Matsuda Y.,
Matsui N., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Ogata K.,
Okumura T., Ong H. J., Onishi T. K., Otsu H., Sakurai
H., Shimoura S., Shinohara M., Sugimoto T., TakeuchiS., Tamaki M., Togano Y., and Yanagisawa Y.: “Oneneutron removal reactions of 18 C and 19 C on a proton
target”, Phys. Rev. C 79, 014602 (2009).*
Kaji D., Morimoto K., Sato N., Ichikawa T., Ideguchi
E., Ozeki K., Haba H., Koura H., Kudou Y., Ozawa
A., Sumita T., Yamaguchi T., Yoneda A., Yoshida A.,
and Morita K., “Production and Decay Properties of263
Hs”, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78, 035003 (2009).*
Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Aoi N., Imai N., Ishihara
M., Iwasaki H., Kobayashi T., Kubo T., MengoniA., Motobayashi T., Notani M., Otsu H., Sakurai H.,
Shimoura S., Teranishi T., Watanabe Y. X., and Yoneda

K.: “Neutron capture cross section of 14 C of astrophysical interest studied by Coulomb breakup of 15 C”, Phys.
Rev. C 79, 035805 (2009).*
Shizuma T., Ishii T., Makii H., Hayakawa T., Matsuda M.,
Shigematsu S., Ideguchi E., Zheng Y., Liu M., Morikawa
T., and Oi M.: “One-quasiparticle bands in neutron-rich
187
W”, Phys. Rev. C, 77, 047303 (2008).*
Janek M., Ladygin V. P., Azhgirey L. S., Uesaka T.,
Gurchin Yu. V., Hatano M., Itoh K., Yu.Isupov A.,
Karachuk J. T., Kato H., Kawabata T., Krasnov V.
A., Khrenov A. N., Kiselev A. S., Kizka V. A., KlimanJ., Kurilkin A. K., Kurilkin P. K., Ladygina N. B.,
Livanov A. N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A. I., Matousek
V., Morhach M., Nishikawa J., Pilipenko Yu. K.,
Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Piyadin S. M., Reznikov S.
G., Saito T., Sakaguchi S., Sakai H., Sakamoto N.,
Sakoda S., Sasamoto Y., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda
K., Shikhalev M. A., Tamii A., Turzo I., UchigashimaN., Vasiliev T. A., Yako K., and Zolin L. S.: “Status of
the investigation of the spin structure of d, 3 H, and 3 He
at VBLHE using polarized and unpolarized deuteronbeam”, Phys. Atomic Nuclei 71, 1495 (2008).*
・Proceedings]
単行本・Proc.][[Book(Original Papers)*Subject to Peer Review（原著論文）＊印は査読制度がある論文誌
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa S., Amadio G.,
Kubono S., Fujikawa H., Saito A., He J. J., Teranishi T.,
Kwon Y. K., Nishimura S., Togano Y., Iwasa N., Inafuku
K., Niikura M., Binh D. N., and Khiem L. H.: “Nuclear
Structure of 8 B Studied by Proton Resonance Scatterings on 7 Be”, Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies, AIP conference proceeding, 1016, 307–312 (2008).
*
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Amadio G., Hayakawa
S., Fujikawa H., Kubono S., Teranishi T., He J. J.,
Saito A., Nishimura S., Togano Y., Kwon Y. K., Kim
A., Niikura M., Iwasa N., Inafuku K., Khiem L. H.,
and Binh D.N.: “Nuclear astrophysics studies using lowenergy 7 Be beams at CRIB”, Nucl. Phys. A., 805, 546–
548 (2008).*
Togano Y., Gomi T., Motobayashi T., Ando Y., Aoi N.,
Baba H., Demichi K., Elekes Z., Fukuda N., Fulop Zs.,
Futakami U., Hasegawa H., Higurashi Y., Ieki K., ImaiN., Ishihara M., Ishikawa K., Iwasa N., Iwasaki H.,
Kanno S., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kubono S., Kunibu M.,
Kurita K., Matsuyama Y. U., Michimasa S., MinemuraT., Miura M., Murakami H., Nakamura T., Notani M.,
Ota S., Saito A., Sakurai H., Serata M., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ue K., Yamada
K., Yanagisawa Y., Yoneda K., and Yoshida A.: “Investigation of Stellar 26 Si(p,γ)27 P Reaction via Coulomb
Dissociation”, Proc. 10th, Int. Sym. on Origin of
Matter and Evolution of Galaxies 2007 (OMEG07), AIP
Conf. Proc. 1016, 193–198 (2008).*
Kwon Y. K., Lee C. S., Moon J. Y., Lee J. H., Kim
J. Y., Cheoun M. K., Kubono S., Iwasa N., Inafuku

2- 522 -

K., Yamaguchi H., He J. J., Saito A., Wakabayashi
Y., Fujikawa H., Amadio G., Khiem L. H., Tanaka M.,
Chen A. A., Kato S., Fuchi Y., and Fukunishi N.: “Astrophysically Important 26 Si States Studied with the28
Si(4 He,6 He)26 Si Reaction”, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 53,
1141–1145 (2008).*
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa S., Binh D. N.,
Kahl D., Kurihara Y., Kubono S., Teranishi T., He J. J.,
Kwon Y. K., Nishimura S., Togano Y., Iwasa N., NiikuraM., and Khiem L. H.: “Nuclear Astrophysical studies
using low-energy RI beams at CRIB”, Proc. of the
6th Japan-Italy Symposium on Heavy-Ion Physics,AIP
Conf. Proc., 1120, 189–193 (2009).*
Spitaleri C., Romano S., Lamia L., Puglia S. M. R.,
Del Szanto M. G., Carlin N., Munhoz M. G., Kroha
V., Kubono S., Somoryai E., Szanto de Toledo A.,
Cherubini S., Crucill V., Gulino M., Kiss G., La Cognata
M., Li Chengbo, Neto R. Liguori, De Moura M. M.,
Pizzone R. G., Rapisarda G. G., Sergi M. L., Souza
F. A., Suaide A. A. P., Szanto E., Tabacaru G.,
Tudisco S., Tumino A., Wakabayashi Y., Wen Qungang,
and Yamaguchi H.: “New results on the Trojan Horse
Method applied to the 10,11 B+p reactions”, Proc. of the
6th Japan-Italy Symposium on Heavy-Ion Physics, AIP
Conf. Proc., 1120, 171 - 176 (2009).*
Teranishi T., Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., He J. J., Saito
A., Fujikawa H., Amadio G., Niikura M., Shimoura S.,
Wakabayashi Y., Nishimura S., Nishimura M., Moon J.
Y., Lee C. S., Odahara A., Sohler D., Khiem L. H.,
Li Z.H., Lian G., and Liu W.P.: “Spectroscopy of resonance levels in 14 O by 13 N+p”, Proc. of the 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC07), Volume
2, pp. 305–307 (2008).*
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Amadio G., Hayakawa S.,
Fujikawa H., Kubono S., Teranishi T., He J. J., Saito A.,
Nishimura S., Togano Y., Kwon Y. K., Kim A., Niikura
M., Iwasa N., Inafuku S., Khiem L. H., and Binh D.
N.: “Nuclear astrophysics studies using low-energy 7 Be
beams at CRIB”, Proc. of the 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC07), Volume 2, pp. 546–
548 (2008).*
Cherubini S., Spitaleri C., Crucillà V., Gulino M.,
La Cognata M., Lamia L., Pizzone R. G., Romano S.,
Kubono S., Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa
S., Iwasa N., Kato S., Komatsubara H., Teranishi T.,
Coc A., De Séréville N., and Hammache F.: “The studyof 18 F+p reaction at astrophysical energies”, Proc. of
the 6th Japan-Italy Symposium on Heavy-Ion Physics,
AIP Conf. Proc., 1120, 294–297 (2009).*
Morino Y. for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Measurementof charm and bottom production in p+p collisions at√
s = 200 GeV at RHIC-PHENIX”, Proc. of the 20th
International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic NucleusNucleus Collisions (QM2008), J. Phys. G, 35, 104116(2008).*

Gunji T., Hamagaki H., Hatsuda T., Hirano T.,
and Akamatsu Y.: “Onset of J/ψ melting in quarkgluon fluid at RHIC” Proc. of the 20th International
Conference on Nucleus Nucleus Collisions (QM2008),
J.Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys., 35, 104137 (2008).*
Yamaguchi Y. L. for the PHENIX collaboration: “Dielectron Continuum at PHENIX”, Proc. of the 43th
Recontres de Moriond, Conference Record (2008).
Yamaguchi Y. L. for the PHENIX collaboration: “Measurements of low pT direct photons in PHENIX”, Proc.
of the 24th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics,
Conference Record, (2008).
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Ichikawa Y., Itoh K., ItohM., Iwasaki H., Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,
Matsuo R., Nakao T., Okamura H., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K.,
Shinohara M., Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y.,
Tamii A., Yako K., and Yamaguchi M.: “Spin-orbit potential in 6 He studied with polarized proton target”,
Proc. of International Nuclear Physics Conference 2007
(INPC2007), Nucl. Phys. A, 805, 467–469 (2008).*
Sakaguchi S., Uesaka T., Wakui T., Kawabata T., Aoi N.,
Hashimoto Y., Ichikawa M., Ichikawa Y., Itoh K., ItohM., Iwasaki H., Kawahara T., Kuboki H., Maeda Y.,
Matsuo R., Nakao T., Okamura H., Sakai H., SakamotoN., Sasamoto Y., Sasano M., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K.,
Shinohara M., Suda K., Suzuki D., Takahashi Y., Tamii
A., Yako K., and Yamaguchi M.: “Analyzing power
measurement for proton elastic scattering on 6 He”, Proc.
of the International Symposium on Physics of Unstable
Nuclei (ISPUN07), World Scientific, 245–248 (2008).*
Shimoura S.: “Light Neutron-Rich Nuclei Studied by
Alpha-Induced Reactions”, Proc. of the International
Symposium on Physics of Unstable Nuclei (ISPUN07),
230–237, (2007).
Aoi N., Suzuki H., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S., Ota S.,
Baba H., Bishop S., Fukui T., Hashimoto Y., Ong H.
J., Ideguchi E., Ieki K., Imai N., Iwasaki H., Kanno S.,
Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Kusaka K., MinemuraT., Motobayashi T., Nakabayashi T., Nakamura T.,
Nakao T., Niikura M., Okumura T., Ohnishi T. K.,
Sakurai H., Shimoura S., Sugo R., Suzuki D., Suzuki
M. K., Tamaki M., Tanaka K., Togano Y., and Yamada
K.: “Shape transition observed in neutron-rich pf -shellisotopes studied via proton inelastic scattering”, Proc.
of the 23rd International Nuclear Physics Conference(INPC07), Nucl. Phys. A, 805, 400c–407c (2008).*
Shimoura S., Ota S., Iwasaki H., Kurokawa M., Michimasa
S., Kubono S., Teranishi T., Notani M., Tamaki M.,
Murakami T., Iwasa N., Motobayashi T., Yanagisawa
Y., Minemura T., Takeuchi S., Gomi T., Yamada
K., Saito A., Baba H., Matsuyama Y. U., Kanno S.,
Takeshita E., Demichi K., Hasegawa K., Kurita K.,
Sakurai H., Aoi N., Ideguchi E., Odahara A., Fukuchi T.,3- 523 -

Miller K., Elekes Z., and Ishihara M.: “Lifetime of the
low-lying isomeric 0+ state in 12 Be”, Proc. of the 23rd
International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC07),
Volume 2, pp. 365–367 (2008).*
Imai N., Aoi N., Ong H. J., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombrádi Zs., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fülöp Zs., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E., Kanno S., KishidaT., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K., Michimasa S.,
Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi T., Nakamura
T., Notani M., Ohnishi T. K., Saito A., Shimoura S.,
Sugimoto T., Suzuki M. K., Takeshita E., Takeuchi S.,
Tamaki M., Watanabe H., Yoneda K., and Ishihara M.:“The lifetime measurement of the first 2+ state of 12 Be”,
Proceedings of the 23rd International Nuclear Physics
Conference (INPC07), Volume 2, pp. 245–247 (2008).*
Satou Y., Nakamura T., Fukuda N., Sugimoto T., Kondo
Y., Matsui N., Hashimoto Y., Nakabayashi T., Okumura
T., Shinohara M., Motobayashi T., Yanagisawa Y.,
Aoi N., Takeuchi S., Gomi T., Togano Y., Kawai S.,
Sakurai H., Ong H. J., Ohnishi T. K., Shimoura S.,
Tamaki M., Kobayashi T., Otsu H., Matsuda Y., EndoN., Kitayama M., and Ishihara M.: “Unbound excitedstates in 19,17 C”, Proc. of the 23rd International Nuclear
Physics Conference (INPC07), Volume 2, pp. 248–250(2008).*
Imai N., Aoi N., Ong H.J., Sakurai H., Demichi K.,
Kawasaki H., Baba H., Dombrádi Zs., Elekes Z., Fukuda
N., Fülöp Zs., Gelberg A., Gomi T., Hasegawa H.,
Ishikawa K., Ishihara M., Iwasaki H., Kaneko E.,
Kanno S., Kishida T., Kondo Y., Kubo T., Kurita K.,
Michimasa S., Minemura T., Miura M., Motobayashi
T., Nakamura T., Notani M., Ohnishi T. K., Saito A.,
Shimoura S., Sugimoto T., Suzuki M. K., TakeshitaE., Takeuchi S., Tamaki M., Watanabe H., and Yoneda
K.: “Application of Doppler-shift attenuation method tothe de-excitation γ rays from the in-flight 12 Be beam”,
Proc. of the 6th Japan-Italy Symposium on Heavy-Ion
Physics, AIP Conf. Proc., 1120, 265–269 (2009).*
Shimoura S.: “SHARAQ spectrometer and GRAPE”,
Proc. the XVth International Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators and Techniques Related totheir Applications, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys. Res.
B, 266, 4131–4136 (2008).*
Kawabata T., Berg G. P. A., Kubo T., Sakai H., ShimouraS., and Uesaka T.: “High resolution beam line for the
SHARAQ spectrometer”, Proc. the XVth International
Conference on Electromagnetic Isotope Separators andTechniques Related to their Applications, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys. Res. B, 266, 4201–4204(2008).*
Uesaka T., Shimoura S., Sakai H., Berg G. P. A., NakanishiK., Sasamoto Y., Saito A., Michimasa S., Kawabata T.,
and Kubo T.: “The high resolution SHARAQ spectrometer”, Proc. the XVth International Conference on Elec-tromagnetic Isotope Separators and Techniques Related
to their Applications, Nucl. Instrum. Methods. Phys.
Res. B, 266, 4218–4222 (2008).*
Shimoura S.: “High-resolution spectroscopy using direct
reactions of RI beams”, Proc. of the 6th Japan-Italy
Symposium on Heavy-Ion Physics, AIP Conf. Proc.,
1120, 59–63 (2009).*
Kiselev A. S., Ladygin V. P., Uesaka T., Vasiliev T. A.,
Janek M., Saito T., Hatano M., Isupov A. Yu., Kato H.,
Ladygina N. B., Maeda Y., Malakhov A. I., Nishikawa
J., Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Reznikov S. G., Sakai H.,
Sakamoto N., Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi K., Suda
K., Tamii A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.: “Analyzing
powers in the 12 C(d→,p)13 C reaction at the energy Td= 270 MeV”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics, 162, 143(2008).*
Kurilkin A. K., Saito T., Ladygin V. P., Uesaka T.,
Vasiliev T. A., Janek M., Hatano M., Isupov A. Yu.,
Kato H., Ladygina N. B., Maeda Y., Malakhov A. I.,
Nishikawa J., Ohnishi T., Okamura H., Reznikov S. G.,
Sakai H., Sakamoto N., Sakoda S., Satou Y., Sekiguchi
K., Suda K., Tamii A., Uchigashima N., and Yako K.:“Measurement of the vector Ay and tensor Ayy , Axx ,Axz analyzing powers for the dd → 3 H p reaction at 200
MeV”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics, 162, 133 (2008).*
Kurilkin P. K., Suda K., Uesaka T., Ladygin V.P., Gurchin
Yu. V., Isupov A. Yu., Itoh K., Janek M., Karachuk J.
T., Kawabata T., Khrenov A. N., Kiselev A. S., Kizka V.
A., Kliman J., Krasnov V. A., Ladygina N. B., Livanov
A. N., Maeda Y., Malakhov A. I., Matoucek V., Morhac
M., Reznikov S. G., Sakaguchi S., Sakai H., SasamotoY., Sekiguchi K., Shikhalev M. A., Turzo I., Vasiliev
T. A., and Witala H.: “Measurement of the vector andtensor analyzing powers in dp elastic scattering at theenergy of 880 MeV”, Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics, 162,
137 (2008).*
Tameshige Y., Hatanaka K., Sagara K., Dozono M.,
Fujita K., Ihara E., Kaneda T., Kato M., Kawabata T.,
Kuroita S., Maeda Y., Matsubara H., Okamura H., Sakemi
Y., Sekiguchi K., Shimizu Y., Sugimoto T., Tamii A.,
and Wakasa T.: “Measurement of Azz of pd radiative capture at Ed =196 MeV”, Few-Body Systems, 44, 179 (2008).
口 頭 発Oral
表 Presentations
Oral Presentations
国際会議等) Conference etc.)((International
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hayakawa S., Binh D. N.,
Kahl D., Kurihara Y., and Kubono S.:“Nuclear Astrophysical Studies Using Low-energy RI Beams at CRIB”,
6th Italy-Japan Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics,
Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan, Nov. (2008).
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hashimoto T., Hayakawa
S., Binh D. N., Kahl D., Kurihara Y., and Kubono
S.:“Measurement of proton and alpha resonance scattering using 7 Be beam, at CRIB”, Workshop on Competition of hydrogen burning with ν p-process and4- 524 -

r-process in explosive nucleosynthesis, Nishina Hall,RIKEN, Saitama, Japan, Feb. (2009).
Hayakawa S.:“Breakout from the pp-chain region throughan alternative path 11 C(α, p)14 N”, Workshop on Competition of hydrogen burning with ν p-process andr-process in explosive nucleosynthesis, Nishina Hall,RIKEN, Saitama, Japan, Feb. (2009).
Yamaguchi H., Wakabayashi Y., Hashimoto T., Hayakawa
S., Binh D. N., Kahl D., Kurihara Y., and Kubono
S.:“Current status of nuclear astrophysical studies using RI beams at CRIB”, Workshop on studies of isotope abundances and origin of elements, by means of astronomical observation, analysis on meteorites, and nuclear astrophysics, National Astronomical Observatoryof Japan, Tokyo, Japan, Feb. (2009).
Kubono S.: “Study of Explosive Burning Process with RI
Beams”, The 2008 APCTP-BLTP-RIKEN Joint Workshop on Quarks and Mesons in Nuclear Physics, Pohang,
Korea Apr. (2008).
Kubono S.: “The Low Energy RI Beam Facility CRIB
and the Activities”, Workshop on Low-energy RI beamfacility at MSU, East Lansing, USA, Aug. (2008).
Kubono S.: “Nuclear Astrophysics with RI Beams”,
Workshop on Frontiers in Nuclear Astrophysics, Osaka,
Japan, Jan. (2008).
Kubono S.: “Nuclear Astrophysics with Low Energy RI
Beams at CRIB”, Workshop on the strategic approachto the r-process, Wako, Japan, Sept. (2008).
Kubono S.: “Nuclear Astrophysics Programs with Low
Energy RI Beams at CRIB”, SSRI workshop, Osaka,
Japan, Dec. (2008).
Kubono S.: “Future of the JAEA Tandem Accelerator Facility”, The memorial workshop on the 100 thousandour operation of the JAEA tandem operation, Tokai,
Ibaraki, Japan, Jan., (2009).
Kubono S.: “νp-process in Type II Supernovae”, Workshop on r-process, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, Mar.
(2009).
Suzuki T.:“Structure of Light Exotic Nuclei”, The 3rd
LACM-EFES-JUSTIPEN Workshop, Oak Ridge, USA,
Feb. (2009).
Suzuki T., and Otsuka T.:“Exotic Electromagnetic Transitions in Neutron-Rich Cabon Isotopes”, FrancoJapanese Symposium on New Paradigms in Nuclear
Physics, Paris, France, Sept. (2008).
Suzuki T., and Otsuka T.:“Electromagnetic Properties of
Neutron-Rich Li and C Isotopes”, The 5th International Conference on Exotic Nuclei and Atomic Masses(ENAM08), Ryn, Poland, Sept. (2008).
Suzuki T.:“Spin Modes, Neutrino-induced Reactions andNucleosynthesis in Stars”, International Conference on
Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics: From Stable Beams
to Exotic Nuclei, Cappadocia, Turkey, Jun. (2008).
Suzuki T.:“Nuclear Structure and Nucleosynthesis”, Theoretical Issues in Nuclear Astrophysics, Orsay, France,

Apr. (2008).
Michimasa S., Gangnant P., Kawabata T., Kurei H.,
Libin J.F., Miki K., Miya H., Nakanishi K., Ota
S., Roussel-Chomaz P., Saito A., Sakai H., SasamotoY., Shimoura S., Spitaels C., Tokieda H., and Uesaka
T.:“Low-pressure tracking detectors for SHARAQ spectrometer”, ICHOR-EFES International Symposium on
New Facet of Spin-Isospin Responses (SIR08), RIKEN,
Wako, Japan, Oct. (2008).
Nakanishi K.: “Ion optical design and current status of
SHARAQ spectrometer”, ICHOR-EFES International
Symposium on New Facet of Spin-Isospin Responses Toward the Commissioning of SHARAQ Spectrometer (SIR2008), RIKEN, Wako, Japan, Oct. (2008).
Morino Y. for the PHENIX Collaboration:“Measurementsof charm and bottom production in pp collisions in
PHENIX” 24th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, South Padre Island, USA, Apr. (2008).
Morino Y. for the PHENIX Collaboration “Measurementsof charm and bottom production at RHIC-PHENIX”
13th Internatinal Conference on Strangness in Quark
Matter, Beijing, China, Oct. (2008).
Sano S., Hamagaki H., Tanaka Y., Fusayasu T., and Gunji
T.:“Development of a Readout Circuit for 2D-Imaging
Using GEM” IEEE 2008 Nuclear Science Symposium,
Medical Imaging Conference and 16th Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop, N23-4, Dresden, Germany, Aug. (2008).
Abe T., and Seki R.:“Hadronic lattice calculation of thermal properties of low–density neutron matter with pionless N N effective field theory”, Hokudai-TORJIN-EFES
Workshop “Perspectives in Resonances and Continua on
Nuclei” & JUSTIPEN–EFES–Hokudai–UNEDF Meeting, Onuma, Hokkaido, Japan, Jul. (2008).
Abe T., and Seki R.:“Lattice calculation of thermal properties of low-density neutron matter with pionless effective field theory”, EENEN 09, First EMMI-EFES Workshop on Neutron-Rich Nuclei, (GSI), Germany, Feb.
(2009).
Abe T., and Seki R.:“Lattice calculation of thermal properties of low-density neutron matter with pionless effective field theory”, The 2nd LACM-EFES Workshop,(Joint Institute for Heavy Ion Research, Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, Feb.
(2009).
Niikura M.:Ideguchi E., Michimasa S., Ohnishi T., Onishi
T. K., Ota S., Shimoura S., Suzuki H., Suzuki D.,
Wakabayashi Y., Yoshida K., Zheng Y., Aoi N., Baba H.,
Fukuchi T., Ichikawa Y., Iwasaki H., Kubo T., Kurokawa
M., and Liu M.: “Study of High-spin States in 49−51 Ti”,
CNS-RIKEN Joint Int. Symp. on Frontier of gammaray spectroscopy and Perspectives for Nuclear Structure Studies (gamma08), Wako, Saitama, Japan, Apr.
(2008).
Ideguchi E.,Shimoura S., Baba H., Fukuchi T., Kurokawa

5- 525 -

M., Michimasa S., Niikura M., and Ota S.: “Development of CNS GRAPE and experiments at RIBF”,
CNS-RIKEN Joint Int. Symp. on Frontier of gammaray spectroscopy and Perspectives for Nuclear Structure Studies (gamma08), Wako, Saitama, Japan, Apr.
(2008).
Ota S.:“Proton intruder state in the neutron-rich nucleus
13B”, Conference on Nuclear Structure 2008 (NS2008),
East Lansing, Michigan, USA, Jun., (2008).
Ideguchi E.:“Gamma-ray spectroscopy instruments inJapan (Present status and future perspectives)”, 7th
AGATA Week, Uppsala, Sweden, Jul. (2008).
Saito A.:“Alpha+8 He cluster states in 12 Be via α-inelastic
scattering”, Frontier in Unstable Nuclear Physics,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Jul. (2008).
Shimoura S.:“High-resolution spectroscopy using RI
beams — SHARAQ project”, Japanese French Symposium on New paradigms in Nuclear Physics, Institut
Henri Poincarè, Paris, France, September 29 – October
2.
Shimoura S.:“High-resolution spectroscopy using direct reactions of RI beams”, 6th Italy-Japan Symposium on
Heavy Ion Physics, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan, Nov. (2008).
Ideguchi E.: “Study of High-Spin States by Using Degraded RI Beam at RIBF”, Joint ANL-EFES Workshop
for a Compton-Suppressed Ge Clover Array for Stopped
and Energy Degraded Exotic Beams at RIKEN, (ANL),
Argonne, IL, USA, Dec. (2008).
Shimoura S.: “Digital electronics for GRAPE”, Joint
ANL-EFES Workshop for a Compton-Suppressed Ge
Clover Array for Stopped and Energy Degraded Exotic Beams at RIKEN, (ANL), Argonne, IL, USA, Dec.
(2008).
Ideguchi E.: “Study of high-spin states in mass 30 region”,
JAEA tandem accelerator workshop, JAEA, Japan, Jan.
(2009).
Shimoura S.:“Proton single-particle states in neutron-richnuclei”, The 3rd LACM-EFES-JUSTIPEN Workshop,(Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Tennessee, USA, Feb.
(2009).
Ideguchi E.:“Collective band structure in 40 Ar”, The 3rd
LACM-EFES-JUSTIPEN Workshop, (Oak Ridge National Laboratory), Tennessee, USA, Feb. (2009).
Niikura M.:“In-beam Spectroscopy in 49−51 Ti via Fusion
Reaction of RI Beam”, LIA-EFES Workshop on Lowenergy collective excitations in exotic nuclei, (GANIL),
Caen, France, Mar. (2009).
Hamagaki H.:“Charmonium and Heavy Quarks – experimental overview –” 10th Tamura Symposium on Heavy
Ion Physics, (University of Texas), Austin, USA, Nov.
(2008).
Hamagaki H.:“Gluon PDF at LHC”, The workshop on
Photons and Jets with ALICE, (Central China Normal
University), Wuhan, China, Dec. (2008).
Hamagaki H.:“A Forward Electromagnetic Calorimeter(F-CAL) for the ALICE Experiment”, The workshop on
Photons and Jets with ALICE, (Central China Normal
University), Wuhan, China, Dec. (2008).
Gunji T.:“Heavy Quark and Quarkonia Production at
RHIC”, The 2nd Asian Triangle Heavy Ion Conference(ATHIC2008), University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan,
Oct. (2008).
Gunji T.:“Quarkonia Production in High Energy Heavy
Ion Collisions at RHIC ”, International Conference on
Strangeness in Quark Matter 2008, Tsinghua University,
Beijing, China, Oct. (2008).
Morino Y. for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Measurementsof charm and bottom production at RHIC-PHENIX”,
International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter 2008, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, Oct.
(2008).
Aramaki Y. for the PHENIX Collaboration:“Reaction
plane dependence of neutral pion production in centerof-mass energy of 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHICPHENIX”, The International Conference on Particles
And Nuclei (PANIC08), Eilat, Israel, Nov.. (2008).
Aramaki Y. for the PHENIX Collaboration: “Electromagnetic Particle Production at PHENIX”, Rencontres deMoriond, La Thuile, Italy, Mar. (2009).
Yamaguchi Y. L. for the PHENIX collaboration: “Measurements of low pT direct photons in PHENIX”,
The 24th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics(WWND2008), South Padre Island, Texas, USA, Apr.
(2008).
Yamaguchi Y. L. for the PHENIX collaboration:“Direct
photon in PHENIX”, The 2nd Asian Triangle Heavy
Ion Conference (ATHIC2008), University of Tsukuba,
Ibaraki, Japan, Oct. (2008).
Yamaguchi Y. L. for the PHENIX collaboration:“Measurements of Soft and Intermediate pT
Photons from Hot and Dense Matter at RHICPHENIX”, The 21st International Conference on
Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus Nucleus Collisions (Quark
Matter 2009), Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, Mar.–Apr.
(2009).
Sano S., Hamagaki H., Tanaka Y., Fusayasu T., and Gunji
T.:“Development of a Readout Circuit for 2D-Imaging
Using GEM” IEEE 2008 Nuclear Science Symposium,
Medical Imaging Conference and 16th Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop, N23-4, Dresden, Germany, Aug. (2008).
Gunji T.:“Heavy Quark and Quarkonia Measurement at
RHIC & LHC”, The workshop on Photons and Jets
with ALICE, Central China Normal University, Wuhan,
China, Dec. (2008).
Uesaka T.: “Spin Polarization in QFS experiments with
RI beams”, 1st International Workshop on Quasi-free
Scattering with Radioactive Ion Beams, Trento, Italy,
Apr. (2008).
Uesaka T.: ”New facets of nuclear spin-isospin responses:

6- 526 -

challenge withthe SHARAQ spectrometer”, ICHOREFES International Symposium on New Facet of SpinIsospin Responses, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan, Oct.
(2008).
line forSasamoto Y.:”High resolution beam
SHARAQ”, ICHOR-EFES International Symposium on
New Facet of Spin-Isospin Responses, RIKEN, Wako,
Saitama, Japan, Oct. (2008).
国内会議)Conference)((Domestic
清水 陽平, 上坂 友洋, 川畑 貴裕, 伊藤 圭介, 坂口 聡志, 笹本良子, 河原 朋美, 時枝 紘史, 酒井 英行, 矢向 謙太郎, 笹野匡紀, 畑中 吉治, 岡村 弘之, 民井 淳, 松原 礼明, 野呂 哲夫,
若狭智嗣, 堂園昌伯, 山田由希子, 涌井崇志, 吉田英智, 前田
幸重: “3 He(p，2p) 反応を用いた 3He のスピン依存スペクトル関数の研究”, 日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3
月 (2009).
坂口聡志, 上坂友洋, 涌井崇志, 川畑貴裕, 河原朋美, 青井考,
市川雄一, 伊藤圭介, 伊藤正俊, 久保木浩功, 酒井英行, 笹野匡紀, 笹本良子, 島村智之, 清水陽平, 関口仁子, 中尾太郎,
中村隆司, 中山佳晃, 野地俊平: “陽子-He 同位体間のスピン軌道ポテンシャル”, 日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
宮裕之, 下浦享, 斎藤明登, 川畑貴裕, 道正新一郎, 大田晋輔,
中西康介, 笹本良子, 三木謙二郎, 榑井博, 上坂友洋, 酒井
英行: “低圧動作型多芯線ドリフトチェンバーの性能評価”,
日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
時枝 紘史, 上坂 友洋, 下浦 享, 酒井 英行, 道正 新一郎,
Roussel-Chomaz P., 大田晋輔, Libin J-F., Gangnant P.,
Spitaels C.: “SHARAQ 最終焦点面検出器 CRDC 開発”,
日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
早川勢也, 山口英斉, 若林泰生, 栗原佑蔵, 久保野茂, 西村俊二,
加治大哉, 森本幸司: “位置読み出し型 MCP ビームモニ
ターの性能評価”, 日本物理学会 2008 年秋季大会, 山形, 9
月 (2008).
下浦享: “SHARAQ スペクトロメータの現状と不安定核誘起
荷電交換反応実験” 日本物理学会 2008 年秋季大会, 山形,
9 月 (2008).
新倉潤, 井手口栄治, 青井考, 馬場秀忠, 福地知則, 市川雄一,
岩崎弘典, 久保敏幸, 黒川明子, Liu M., 道正新一郎, 大西
哲也, 大西健夫, 大田晋輔, 下浦享, 鈴木宏, 鈴木大介, 若林
泰生, 吉田光一, Zheng Y.: “RI ビームの核融合反応による 49−51 Ti の高スピン核分光”, 日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
井手口栄治, 大田晋輔, 森川恒安, 静間俊行, 大島真澄, 小泉
光生, 藤暢輔, 初川雄一, 木村敦, 古高和禎, 中村詔司, 北谷
文人, 原田 秀郎, 菅原 昌彦, 渡辺 裕, 平山 賀一, 宮武 宇也,“40 Ar の高スピン状態の研究”, 日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
浜垣秀樹: “高エネルギー重イオン物理”, 日本物理学会 2008
年秋季大会, 山形, 9 月 (2008).
Gunji T. for the ALICE Collaboration: “ALICE Performance for the Measurent of Heavy Quarkonia via dielectron decays ”, 日本物理学会 2008 年秋季大会, 山形, 9 月(2008).
Aramaki Y. for the PHENIX Collaboration:“Measurement√of neutral pion production at sN N =200 GeV Au+Au
collisions at RHIC-PHENIX”, 日本物理学会 2008 年秋季大会, 山形, 9 月 (2008).
佐野哲, 浜垣秀樹, 郡司卓, Ivanov M., Wiechula J.:“LHC における TPC を用いた粒子多重度測定”, 日本物理学会 2009年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
秋元亮二, 浜垣秀樹, 郡司卓, 山口頼人: “Thick GEM の基礎特性”, 日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
堀泰斗, 浜垣秀樹, 郡司卓, 佐野哲: “GEM を使った中性子 2
次元 imaging のための DAQ”, 日本物理学会 2009 年春季大会, 東京, 3 月 (2009).
Takahara A. for the ALICE collaboration “Momentum dependence of the electron identification capability of the
ALICE-TRD”, 日本物理学会 2008 年秋季大会, 山形, 9 月(2008).

7- 527 -

1
N. Itagaki, “Cluster-like correlations in light nuclei”,

TORIJIN

The 3rd LACM-EFES-JUSTIPEN workshop, 2325 Feb., Oak Ridge National Lab., USA

Publications(Domestic Conference)
N. Itagaki, M. Ito, M. Milin, T. Hashimoto, H.

[Journal]Ishiyama, H. Miyatake, “α+α+t structure in(Original papers) *Subject to Peer Review

10magata, Sep. 2008

N. Itagaki and M. Kimura M.Kimura “Cluster structure stabilized by s2 neutrons in light neutron-rich

N. Itagaki, “Exotic structure in the excited states ofnuclei” Phys. Rev. C 79 034312 1-4 (2009).
T. Yoshida, N. Itagaki, and T. Otsuka “Appearanceof cluster states in 13 C” Phys. Rev. C 79 034308
1-6 (2008).
N. Itagaki, M. Ito, K. Arai, S. Aoyama and Tz.
Kokalova “Mixing of di-neutron components in
8Be”, 2008 Japan Physical Society Meeting, Ya-

He” Phys. Rev. C 78 017306 1-4 (2008).

N. Itagaki, M. Ito, M. Milin, T. Hashimoto, H.
Ishiyama and H. Miyatake “Coexistence of alpha+alpha+n+n and alpha+t+t cluster structures in 10 Be” Phys. Rev. C 77 067301 1-4 (2008).

Book Proceedings(Original papers) *Subject to Peer Review
N. Itagaki, M. Kimura, M. Ito, S. Aoyama, and Y.
Hirata “Application of THSR wave function using
Monte Carlo technique” Int. J. Modern Physics
Letters A 24 Issue: 11 2019-2026 (2009).
Y. Iwata, T. Otsuka, J. A. Maruhn, and N. Itagaki“Reduced charge equilibration in heavy-ion collisions at higher energies” AIP Conf. Proc. 1098
308-312 (2009).
T. Yoshida, N. Itagaki, and T. Otsuka “Alpha cluster
structure in 13 C”Int. J. Modern Physics E 17 No.
10 2076-2080 (2008).
T. Yoshida, N. Itagaki, and T. Otsuka “E0 transition
strength and cluster structure in 13 C” AIP Conf.
Proc. 1016 451-453 (2008).

Oral Presentations(International Conference etc.)
N. Itagaki, “ Multi cluster correlations studied with
UCOM-like treatment”, First EMMI-EFES workshop on neutron-rich exotic nuclei “Realistic effective nuclear forces for neutron-rich nuclei” 9-11
Feb., GSI, Germany- 528 -

neutron-rich nuclei”, 64-th Japan Physical Society
Meeting, Tokyo, Mar. 2009

VII. LIST OF PREPRINTSRIKEN- NC- NP
㧔2008 Jan. ~ 2009 Mar.㧕
1.

2.
3.
4.

5.

6.

7.

Y. Satou, T. Nakamura, N. Fukuda, T. Sugimoto, Y. Kondo, N. Matsui, Y. Hashimoto,
T. Nakabayashi, T. Okumura, M. Shinohara, T. Motobayashi, Y. Yanagisawa, N. Aoi,
S. Takeuchi, T. Gomi, Y. Togano, S. Kawai, H. Sakurai, H. J. Ong, T. K. Onishi,
S. Shimoura, M. Tamaki, T. Kobayashi, H. Otsu, Y. Matsuda, N. Endo, M. Kitayama,and M. Ishihara : “ Unbound excited states in 19,17C ”
M. Yamagami, and Y. R. Shimizu : “ Spatial structure of neutron Cooper pairs in deformed
neutron-rich nuclei ”
A. Kohama, K. Iida, and K. Oyamatsu : “ Difference between interaction cross sections andreaction cross sections ”
T. Ohnishi, T. Kubo, K. Kusaka, A. Yoshida, K. Yoshida, N. Fukuda, M. Ohtake,Y. Yanagisawa, H. Takeda, D. Kameda, Y. Yamaguchi, N. Aoi, K. Yoneda, H. Otsu,
S. Takeuchi, T. Sugimoto, Y. Kondo, H. Scheit, Y. Gono, H. Sakurai, T. Motobayashi, H. Suzuki,
T. Nakao, H. Kimura, Y. Mizoi, M. Matsushita, K. Ieki, T. Kuboki,
T. Yamaguchi, T. Suzuki, A. Ozawa,. T. Moriguchi, Y. Yasuda, T. Nakamura,
T. Nannichi, T. sumikama, Y. Nakayama, H. Geissel, H. Weick, J. A. Nolen,
O. B. Tarasov, A. S. Nettleton, D. P. Bazin, B. M. Sherrill, D. J. Morrissey, andW. Mittig : “ Identification of New Isotopes 125Pd and 126Pd produced by In-flight Fissiion of
345 MeV/nucleon 238U: First Results from the RIKEN RI Beam Factory ”
N. Iwasa, T. Motobayashi, S. Bishop, Z. Elekes, J. Gibelin, M. Hosoi, K. Ieki,
K. Ishikawa, H. Iwasaki, S. Kawai, S. Kubono, K. Kurita, M. Kurokawa, N. Matsui, T.
Minemura, H. Morikawa, T. Nakamura, M. Niikura, M. Notani, S. Ota, A. Saito, H. Sakurai, S.
Shimoura, K. Sugawara, T. Sugimoto, H. Suzuki, T. Suzuki,
I. Tanihata, E. Takeshita, T. Teranishi, Y. Togano, K. Yamada, K. Yamaguchi,
and Y. Yanagisawa : “ Large proton contribution to the 2+ excitation in 20Mg studied byintermediate energy inelastic scattering ”
D. Suzuki, H. Iwasaki, H. J. Ong, N. Imai, H. Sakurai, T. Nakao, N. Aoi, H. Baba,
S. Bishop, Y. Ichikawa, M. Ishihara, Y. Kondo, T. Kubo, K. Kurita, T. Motobayashhi, T.
Nakamura, T. Okumura, T. K. Onishi, S. Ota, M. K. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi,
Y. Togano, and Y. Yanagisawa: “Lofetime measurements of excited states in 17C : possible
interplay between collectivity and halo effects ”
S. Ota, S. Shimoura, H. Iwasaki, M. Kurokawa, S. Michimasa, N. Aoi, H. Baba,
K. Demichi, Z. Elekes, T. Fukuchi, T. Gomi, S. Kanno, S. Kubono, K. Kurita,
H. Haseggawa, E. Ideguchi, N. Iwasa, Y. U. Matsuyama, K. L. Yurkewicz,
T. Minemura, T. Motobayashi, T. Murakami, M. Notani, A. Odahara, A. Saito,
H. Sakurai, E. Takeshita, S. Takeuchi, M. Tamaki, T. Teranishi, Y. Yanagisawa,
K. Yamada, and M. Ishihara : “ Low-Iying Proton Intruder State in 13B ”- 529 -

8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

13.

14.

Z. Elekes, N. Aoi, Zs. Dombrädi, Zu. Fülöp, T. Motobayashi, and H. Sakurai : “ Inelastic
Scattering studies of 16C revisited ”
M. Ito, N. Itagaki, H. Sakurai, and K. Ikeda : “ Coexistence of covalent superdeformation andmolecular resonances in an unbound region of 12Be ”
M. Ito and N. Itagaki : “ Covalent isomeric state in 12Be induced by two-neutron transfers ”
M. Yamagami, and Y. R. Shimizu, and T. Nakatsukasa : “ Optimal pair density functional for
description of nuclei with large neutron excess ”
J. Gibelin, D. Beaumel, T. Motobayashi, Y. Blumenfeld, N. Aoi, H. Baba, Z. Elekes, S. Fortier,N. Frascaria, N. Fukuda, T. Gomi, K. Ishikawa, Y. Kondo, T. Kudo,
V. Lima, T. Nakamura, A. Saito, Y. Satou, J. -A. Scarpaci, E.Takeshita, S. Takeuchi, T. Teranishi,
Y. Togano, A. M. Vinodkumar, Y. Yanagisawa, and K. Yoshida : “Decay Pattern of Pygmy States
Observed in neutron-Rich 26Ne ”
T. Suda, M. Wakasugi, T. Emoto, K. Ishii, S. Ito, K. Kurita, A. Kuwajima, A. Noda, T. Shirai, T.
Tamae, H. Tongu, S. Wang, and Y. Yano : “ First Demonstration of Electron Scattering using a
Novel Target Developed for Short-Lived Niclei ”
N. Imai, N. Aoi, H. J. Ong, H. Sakurai, K. Demich, H. Kawasaki, H. Baba, Zs. Dombradi, Z.
Elekes, N. Fukuda, Zs. Fulop, A. Gelberg, T. Gomi, H. Hasegawa,K. Ishikawa, M. Ishihara, H. Iwasaki, E. Kaneko, S. Kanno, T. Kishida, Y. Kondo,
T. Kubo, K. Kurita, S. Michimasa, T. Minemura, M. Miura, T. Motobayashi,
T. Nakamura, M. Notani, T. K. Ohnishi, A. Saito, S. Shimoura, T. Sugimoto,
M. K. Suzuki, E. Takeshita, S. Takeuchi, M. Tamaki, H. Watanabe, and K. Yoneda : “ First
lifetime measurement of 2+1 state in 12Be ”

RIKEN- NC- AC㧔2008 Jan. ~ 2009 Mar.㧕
1. T. Fujisawa: “ Impedance Matching in Radio-Frequency Circuits ”
CNS-REP
1. S.Ota, S.Shimoura, H.Iwasaki, M.Kurokawa, S.Michimasa, N.Aoi, H.Baba, K.Demichi,
Z.Elekes, T.Fukuchi, T.Gomi, S.Kanno, S.Kubono, K.Kurita, H.Hasegawa, E.Ideguchi, N.Iwasa,
Y.U.Matsuyama, K.L.Yurkewicz, T.Minemura, T.Motobayashi, T.Murakami, M.Notani,
A.Odahara, A.Saito, H.Sakurai, E.Takeshita, S.Takeuchi, M.Tamaki, T.Teranishi, Y.Yanagisawa,
K.Yamada, and M.Ishihara:“Low-lying Proton Intruder State in 13B”
2. H.Yamaguchi, Y.Wakabayashi, S.Kubono, G.Amadio, H.Fujikawa, T.Teranishi, A.Saito, J.J.He,
S.Nishimura, Y.Togano, Y.K.Kwon, M.Niikura, NIwasa, K.Inafuku, and L.H.Khirm:“Low-lying non-normal parity states in 8B measured by proton elastic scattering on 7Be”

- 530 -

VIII. LIST OF SYMPOSIA

㧔2008 Apr. ~ 2009 Mar.㧕
1.

SAKURA Workshop “International Workshop on Materials and Life Science using Nuclear
Probes from High-energy Accelerators” 1-3 Apr. Advanced Meson Science Laboratory
2. CNS-RIKEN Joint International Symposium on Frontier of gamma-ray spectroscopy andPerspectives for Nuclear Structure Studies (gamma08)" 3-5 Apr. CNS,Univ.Tokyo, & RIKEN
3. RIKEN Workshop “Mutation breeding for microorganisms using heavy ion beams” 8 Apr.
Radiation Biology Team RIKEN & KEK
4. Riken BNL Workshop “Hydrodynamics in Heavy Ion Collisions and QCD equation of state”
21-22 Apr. RBRC
5. Riken BNL Workshop “Understanding QGP through spectral functions and Euclidean
Correlators” 23-25 Apr. RBRC
6. Brookhaven Symposium “Neutrino Helicity at 50: A Celebration of theGoldhaber-Grodzins-Sunyar Experiment” RBRC
7. Workshop “Plant biotechnology for flower breeding in Thailand” 21 May Radiation Biology
Team RIKEN
8. Workshop “Mutation breeding for salt tolerant rice” 9 Jun. Radiation Biology Team RIKEN
9. The Frontier of Isotope Science (from nuclear physics to nuclear medicine) 1 Jul. RIKEN &JRIA
10. Joint Illinois-MIT-RBRC Workshop on “Gluon Polarization in the Nucleon” in Urbana 16-17
Jun. RBRC
11. PKU-RBRC Workshop on “Transverse Spin Physics” in Beijing 30 Jun. RBRC
12.  Hokudai-TORIJIN JUSTIPEN-EFES workshop “Perspective in Resonances and Continua on
nuclei & JUSTIPEN-EFES-Hokkaido-UNEDF meeting”, 21-25 July, Onuma, Hokkaido, EFES,TORIJIN, JUSTIPEN, Hokkaido University
13. Spin Fest lectures August 4-5, Introduction to pQCD by George Sterman (Stony Brook)
August 6-7, Transverse Spin Structure of the Nucleon by Mauro Anselmino (Torino)
August 7, Acceleration of Polarized Protons by Mei Bai (BNL) August 8, Nucleon Structureand Lattice QCD by John Negele 㧔MIT㧕RBRC
14. Workshop on the future of hadron physics at J-PARC 1-2 Sep. Strangeness Nuclear Physics
Laboratory & Advanced Meson Science Laboratory RIKEN
15. STAR Workshop “Workshop on the Ridge” 22-24 Sep. RBRC
16. 1st JaFNA Workshop on Research Strategy: Program “New Era of Nuclear Physics in the
Cosmos -the r-process nucleosynthesis” 25-26 Sep.
17.  Japanese-French Symposium “New Paradigms in Nuclear Physics”, 29 Sep. – 2 Oct., Paris,
France, EFES, CNRS, IN2P3, RIKEN, IPN, GANIL
18. RSC meeting in Stony Brook 3 Oct. RBRC
19. Special Stony Brook Workshop “Celebration of Edward Shuryak's 60th Birthday” 2-3 Oct.

- 531 -RBRC
20. ATHIC2008 TSUKUBA 13-15 Oct. CCS,Univ.Tsukuba & RIKEN Nihsina Center&
CNS,Univ.Tokyo
21. BNL Workshop “ UDiG workshop” 16-17 Oct. RBRC
22. International Symposium on New Facet of Spin-Isospin Responses 䌾 Toward theCommissioning of SHARAQ Spectrometer 䌾 29 Oct. CNS,Univ.Tokyo & RIKEN
23.  ICHOR-EFES International Symposium on New Facet of Spin-Isospin Responses, 29-31 Oct.,
Wako, RIKEN, ICHOR program, EFES, RIKEN, CNS University of Tokyo
24. Special High Energy Workshop “Terra Incognita: From LHC to Cosmology” 6-8 Nov.
RBRC
25.  The 6th Japan-Italy symposium on Heavy Ion Physics, 11-15 Nov., Tokai, JAEA, KEK,
RIKEN, NAO, CNS University of Tokyo, EFES
26. Workshop on Superheavy Element Chemistry 2008 12 Nov.㩷 Superheavy Element
Laboratory㩷 RIKEN
27. Special BNL Workshop “Symposium for Gerry Bunce: Celebrating 32 Years of Spin Physics
Research at Brookhaven” 19 Nov. RBRC
28. Workshop on Giant Resonances with Inverse Kinematics and Missing Mass Techniques 25
Nov. Nuclear Physics Research Division RIKEN
29. Workshop on Future perspectives in nuclear physics 26-27 Nov. Strangeness Nuclear Physics
Laboratory & Theoretical Nuclear Physics Laboratory RIKEN
30.  Joint ANL-EFES Workshop for a Compton-Suppressed Ge Clover Array for Stopped andEnergy Degraeded Exotic Beams at RIKEN, 4-5 Dec., Argonne National Lab., USA, EFES,
Argonne National Lab.
31. Workshop on the recent progress and future of physics on few-body problem 23-25 Dec.
Strangeness Nuclear Physics Laboratory RIKEN
32. RIKEN Workshop “ The use of ion beam for mutation induction in plants and animal cells” 9
Jan. Radiation Biology Team RIKEN & The Wakasa Wan Energy Research Center
33. A Planning of Synchrotron X-ray Use of RIBF at Wako RIKEN 13 Jan. Nishina Center
RIKEN
34. Workshop “ The use of ion beam for mutation induction in plants and microorganisms” 28
Jan. Radiation Biology Team RIKEN
35. 㩷 First EMMI-EFES workshop on neutron-rich exotic nuclei “Realistic effective nuclear forces
for neutron-rich nuclei” 9-11 Feb., GSI, Germany, EMMI, GSI, EFES
36. Workshop on Competition of hydrogen burning with Qp-process and r-process in explosive
nucleosynthesis, 19-20 Feb.,Nishina Hall, RIKEN, CNS University of Tokyo, RIKEN, JSPS.

37.  The 3rd LACM-EFES-JUSTIPEN workshop, 23-25 Feb., Oak Ridge National Lab., USA,
EFES, JUSTIPEN, Oak Ridge National Lab.
38. CATHIE-RIKEN Workshop “Critical Assessment of Theory and Experiment on Correlations- 532 -

at RHIC “ 25-26 Feb. RBRC
39. Workshop on the study of hypernuclear physics and neutron star 1 Mar. Strangeness Nuclear
Physics Laboratory RIKEN
40.  Fist LIA-EFES workshop “Low-energy collective motion of exotic nuclei”, 2-4 Mar., GANIL,
France, LIA, EFES, GANIL
41. Joint Theory/Experimental Workshop “Early Physics at the LHC “ 16 Mar. RBRC

- 533 -

IX. LIST OF SEMINAR

(2008 Aplr. ~ 2009 Mar.)
Accelerator Division
1 Jacques Cherix (PSI) 16 Apr. ｢PSI National Research Center in Switzerland｣
2 Jacques Cherix (PSI) 16 Apr. ｢The RF of the PSI Cyclotron, Speciﬁcally LLRF｣
3 Jameson (BNL) 23 May ｢Discussion on Comparison of Design and Simulation Codes for RFQs｣
4 H. Sakaki (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) 11 Jun. ｢Statistical analysis and control of beam energy for electron linear
accelerator｣
5

T. Shirai (National Institute of Radiological Sciences) 25 Jul. ｢Ultra Cold Ion Beam Experiments by Electron andLaser Cooling at Ion Storage Ring, S-LSR｣

6 I. Yamane (KEK) 23 Jan. ｢Magnetic Neutralizer for cw beam-splitting of high energy H-beam and possibility of Laser
Neutralizer option｣
7 P. Ostroumov (Argonne National Laboratory) 3 Mar. ｢Development of superconducting heavy-ion accelerators at
ANL｣
8

F. Marti (MSU) 6 Mar. ｢From NSCL to FRIB, challenges and opportunities.｣

9 I. Sugai (KEK) 6 Mar. ｢Development of hybrid long-lived carbon foils with high heat resistance even at 1800 K｣
10 N. Nakamura (ILS) 13 Mar. ｢Principle and application of an electron beam ion source/trap (EBIS/T)｣
Nuclear Physics Research Division
1 S. G. Frauendorf (Research Center Dresden-Rossendorfand Univ. of Notre Dame) 8 Apr. RIBF Nuclear Physics
Seminar ｢Dynamic and static chirality of rotating triaxial nuclei｣
2 Y. Nagai (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) 15 Apr. Monthly Colloquium ｢Nuclear Astrophysics studied with neutron,alpha, and gamma-ray｣
3 M. Oi (Physics Department, University of Surrey) 23 Apr. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Superdeformation of
40Ca｣
4 A. Schwenk (TRIUMF) 25 Apr. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Frontiers in understanding matter at the extremes｣
5 H. Murayama (IPMU, Tokyo University) 13 May Monthly Colloquium ｢The Next Twenty Years in Particle Physics｣
6 S. Shimoura (CNS, Univ. of Tokyo) 27 May Lecture Series IV-1 ｢Practical nuclear reaction theory for experimentalists(3rd)｣
7

T. Nakatsukasa (RIKEN Nishina Center) 10 Jun. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Nuclear structure studied with theSkyrme density functional approach｣

8 H. Toki (RCNP, Osaka University) 17 Jun. Monthly Colloquium ｢Tensor optimized shell model and role of pion in
nuclear physics｣
9 P. Doornenbal (RIKEN Nishina Center) 24 Jun. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Probing nuclear structure far-off
stability with RISING-Gamma-ray spectroscopy with Radioactive Beams at GSI｣
10 K. Nakai (KEK) 2 Jul. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢UNclear physics to NUclear physics｣
11 T. Nishio (Research Center for Innovative Oncology, National Cancer Center) 15 Jul. Monthly Colloquium ｢Imagingof the irradiated volume using positron-emigttingnuclei generated in a patient body by the target nuclear fragment
reaction for proton therapy｣
12 P. Avogadro (RIKEN Nishina Center) 16 Jul. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Vortices and nuclei in the inner crust of
a neutron star｣
13 M. Takashina (RCNP, Osaka University), el al 16 Jul. RIBF Mini-workshop ｢Analysis of inelastic proton scattering on
unstable nuclei using single-folding model with JLM potential｣
14 M. Yamagami, el al 3 Sep. RIBF Mini-workshop ｢Probing dineutron correlations in RIBF experiment｣
15 S. Bishop (Technische Universitaet Muenchen) 21 Oct. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Elastic Scattering of 7Be, 8B
and a Roadmap to a Self-Consistent Approach to the 7Be (p, gamma) Solar S-Factor｣
16 M. Takechi (RIKEN Nishina Center) 28 Oct. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Study of Total Reaction Cross Sections- 535 -

at Intermediate Energies｣
17 M. Kamimura (RIKEN Nishina Center) 6 Nov. Monthly Colloquium ｢Big-bang nucleosysnthesis reactions catalyzed
by SUSY particle stau.｣
18 K. Langanke (GSI) 17 Nov. Lecture Series VII-1 ｢Nuclear Astrophysics (1st)｣
19 A. Masaike (Kyoto University) 9 Dec. Monthly Colloquium ｢Perspective of High Energy Physics, Challenge in US
and Japan｣
20 Z. Fulop (ATOMKI) 16 Dec. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Cross section data for the astrophysical p-process｣21 Betty Tsang (NSCL, Michigan State University) and 8 other authors 16-17 Dec. Mini-workshop ｢Nuclear Collisions
and Nuclear Matter｣
22 P. Moller (Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory) 19 Dec. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢FISSION
AT THE END OF THE NUCLEAR CHART｣
23 A. N. Andreyev (IKS, KU Leuven, Belgium) 19 Dec. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Electron-capture delayed ﬁssion(ECDF) in the lead region｣
24 I. Hamamoto (Lund University) 24 Dec. Lecture Series V-3 ｢One-particle motion in nuclear many-body problem｣
25 Ma. Hori (Group leader, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics) 8 Jan. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Highprecision spectroscopy of antiprotonicatoms-new techniques to manipulate antimatter.｣
26 H. Oigawa (Japan Atomic Energy Agency) 22 Jan. Monthly Colloquium ｢Nuclear transmutation technology for ? longlived radioactive nuclides｣
27 M. Wada (RIKEN NishinaCenter) 29 Jan. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Precision optical spectroscopy of Be
isotopes｣
28 M. Lantz (RIKEN Nishina Center) 17 Feb. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢FLUKA - A Monte Carlo code for physics
and applications｣
29 M. Ito (RIKEN NishinaCenter) 17 Feb. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Uniﬁed studies of structures and reactions inlight neutron-rich nuclei---Present analysis of 10,12Be and future perspectives---｣
30 M. Schadel (GSI) 2 Mar. RIBF Nuclear Physics Seminar ｢Superheavy element research at GSI｣
31 K. Muto (TITECH), el al 18-19 Mar. ｢Explorative investigation for the measurement of Gamow-Teller transition
strength for neutron rich nuclei｣
32 S. Chiba (JAEA), el al 25-26 Mar. Mini-workshop ｢Nuclear data and nuclear theory｣
Theoretical Nuclear PhysicsLaboratory
1 Y. M. Zhao (Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ.) 21 May 7th Nuclear Theory Seminar ｢Approximate approach of obtaining
eigenvalues of given matrices｣
2 L. Guo (Univ. Tokyo) 11 Jun. 8th Nuclear Theory Seminar ｢Boost-invariant TDHF theory and the nuclear LandauZener effect｣3

Y. Iwata (Univ. Tokyo) 9 Jul. 9th Nuclear Theory Seminar ｢Reduced charge equilibration in heavy-ion collision at
higher energy and synthesis of neutron-rich nuclei｣

4 G. Watanabe (Univ. Trento) 6 Aug. 10th Nuclear Theory Seminar ｢Nuclear pasta phases in supernovae and neutronstars: Qquantum molecular dynamics approach and future prospects｣
5 H. Schulz (INFN, Universita di Catania) 7 Jan. 11th Nuclear Theory Seminar “Pairing Gaps in Neutron Star Matter”
6 W. Long (Peking University and Technischen Universitat Munchen) 18 Feb. 12th Nuclear Theory Seminar ｢Relativistic
Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory with Density Dependent Meson-Nucleon Couplings｣
Radiation Laboratory
1 Dr. O. Sasaki (KEK Associate Professor) 15 May Experience for development and construction of ATLAS TGC- 536 -

readout
2

Prof. Freieder lenz (TheUniv. Erlangen-Nurnberg), el al 13 Nov. Lab. Seminar Physics Discussions with Frieder Lenz

Advanced Meson Science Laboratory
1 M. Iwasaki (Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo) 25 Jun. Lab. Seminar ｢Study of B-meson rare decays at
the Belle experiment｣
2

K. Ohishi (RIKEN Nishina Center) 27 Aug. Lab. Seminar ｢Inﬂuence of self-irradiation in superconducting PuCoGa5
probed by uSR｣

3

Risdiana (RIKEN Nishina Center) 27 Aug. Lab. Seminar ｢μSR study of Cu-Spin Fluctuations in Hole and ElectronDoped High-Tc Superconducting Cuprates｣

4 M. Arai (Materials and Life Science Division, J-PARC) 21 Jan. Lab. Seminar ｢Neutron scattering approach on strongly
correlated electron systems｣
5

K. Hashimoto (RIKEN Nishina Center) 19 Mar. Lab. Seminar ｢Superstring theory｣

Theoretical Physics Laboratory
1 Y. Tachikawa (School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, USA) 4 Apr. RIKEN Seminar ｢NewDevelopments in d=4, N=2 Superconformal Field Theory｣
2 F. Nori (Digital Materials Lab.) 14 Apr. Colloquium ｢Quantum Circuits as Artiﬁcial Atoms｣
3 A. Tsuchiya (Shizuoka University) 18 Apr. RIKEN Seminar ｢Fiber Bundles and Matrix Models｣
4 S. Matuura (Niels Bohr Institute, Danmark) 25 Apr. RIKEN Seminar ｢Relation among supersymmetric lattice gauge
theories and matrix theories｣
5

Y. Matsuo (Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tokyo) 27 May RIKEN Seminar ｢Lie 3-algebra
and multiple M2 branes｣

6

D. Yamada (Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel) 10 Jun. RIKEN Seminar ｢Phase
Diagrams of N=4 SYM in Strong and Weak Couplings｣

7 C. Albertsson (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University) 17 Jun. RIKEN Seminar ｢D-branes indoubled geometry｣
8 K. Hashimoto (RIKEN Nishina Center) 18 Jun. Colloquium ｢The Frontiers of Superstring Theory : “D-branes” andnew perspective of our world｣
9 M. Passera (INFN) 27 Jun. RIKEN Seminar ｢The muon g-2 and the bounds on the Higgs boson mass｣
10 N. Maru (Department of Physics, Kobe University) 8 Jul. RIKEN Seminar ｢Direct Gauge Mediation of Metastable
Supersymmetry Breaking｣
11 Y. Koichi (Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University) 15 Jul. RIKEN Seminar ｢Detection of neutrino from extra
dimensions｣
12 N. Jokela (Helsinki Institute of Physics, Finland) 22 Jul. RIKEN Seminar ｢Rolling tachyons, random matrices, andCoulomb gas thermodynamics｣
13 A. D'adda (I. N. F. N. Sezione di Torino, Italy) 29 Sep. “New Era of Nuclear Physics in the Cosmos -the r-process
nucleosynthesis”
14 W. Vinci (University of Pisa) 6 Oct. RIKEN Seminar ｢New Developments on Non-Abelian Vortices｣
15 H. Kawai (RIKEN Nishina Center) 17 Oct. ｢Seminar to introduce the Nobel prize in physics 2008 for novices｣
16 Y. Sugita (Theoretical Biochemistry Laboratory) 20 Oct. Colloquium ｢All-atom molecular dynamics simulations ofmembrane proteins in lipid bilayer｣
17 T. Yamashita (E-ken, Theoretical Particle Physics Group Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science Nagoya
University) 20 Oct. RIKEN Seminar ｢Gauge-Higgs Dark Matter｣- 537 -

18 Prof. Deog-Ki Hong (Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Korea) 20 Oct. RIKEN Seminar ｢Holographic
QCD and Baryons｣
19 T. Onogi (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University) 1 Nov. RIKEN Seminar ｢Lattice study of theconformal window in QCD with many ﬂavors｣
20 J. Nishimura (KEK) 1 Nov. RIKEN Seminar ｢Simulating Superstrings inside a Black Hole｣
21 A. Tsuchiya (Department of Physics, Shizuoka University) 1 Nov. RIKEN Seminar ｢N=4 Super Yang-Mills from thePlane Wave Matrix Model｣
22 T. Kimura (Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University) 1 Nov. RIKEN Seminar ｢Supergravity on
generalized geometry｣
23 K. Nagata (Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University) 14 Nov. RIKEN Seminar ｢Non-commutative productformulation of Exact Lattice Supersymmetry at Large N｣
24 G. Kirilin (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics) 5 Dec. RIKEN Seminar ｢Effective theories from diagrams｣
25 Y. Kawamura (Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University) 6 Dec. RIKEN Seminar ｢Beyond
Grand Uniﬁed Theories on Z_2 Orbifold｣
26 M. Sakamoto (Physics Department, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University) 6 Dec. RIKEN Seminar｢Supersymmetry in Gauge/Gravity Theories with Extra Dimensions｣
27 M. Tanabashi (Department of Physics, Nagoya University) 6 Dec. RIKEN Seminar ｢General Sum Rules for WW
scattering in Higgsless Models｣
28 K. Oda (Graduate School of Science/ School of Science, Osaka University) 19 Jan. RIKEN Seminar ｢A consistent
AdS/CFT dual for time-dependent ﬁnite tmperature system｣
29 A. Hanany (Imperial College London, UK) 19 Jan. RIKEN Seminar ｢Brane Tilings, M2 Branes, and CS Theories｣
30 M. Nitta (Faculty of Business and Commerce, Keio University) 23 Jan. RIKEN Seminar ｢Non-Abelian Vortices - Five
Years Since the Discovery｣
31 A. FURUSAKI (RIKEN NishinaCenter) 4 Feb. Colloquium ｢Topological Insulators｣
32 S. Moriyama (Graduate School of Mathematics, Nagoya University) 13 Mar. RIKEN Seminar ｢Serre Relation andHigher Grade Generators of the AdS/CFT Yangian Symmetry｣
Strangeness Nuclear Physics Laboratory
1 T. Myo (Osaka Institute of Technology) 17 Jul. Lab. Seminar ｢Study of role of tensor correlation in light nuclei basedon the tensor-optimized shell model｣
2 T. Nagae (Kyoto University) and others 3-6 Aug. ｢Summer school on exotic nuclei｣
3 T. R. Saito, GSI and Mainz University beams at GSI (HypHI) 19 Dec. SNP Seminar ｢Recent progress on thehypernuclear spectroscopy with heavy ion｣
4 H. J. Schulze (INFN, Universita di Catania) 8 Jan. Strangeness Nuclear Physics (SNP) Seminar ｢Hypernuclei with a
Microscopic Lambda-Nucleon Force｣
5 E. Hiyama (RIKEN Nishina Center), el al 27-28 Feb. ｢Workshop on the future of physics on quark many-body system｣
6 S. Ishikawa (Hosei University) 16-19 Mar. Lab. Seminar ｢Three-body force effects in three-nucleon scattering
process｣
Accelerator Applications Research Division
1

K. Takagi (The Wakasa Wan Energy Research Center) 13 Jun. RIKEN Seminar ｢Biological effects of proton-beamirradiation｣

2

H. Takehisa (RIKEN Nishina Center), F-S Che (Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology) 18 Jul. Radiation
Biology Seminar ｢Mutated gene analysis using array-comparative genomic hybridization｣- 538 -

3 T. Sato (Tohoku Univ.), Y. Okumoto (Kyoto Univ.) 29 Aug. Radiation Biology Seminar ｢Mutant selection in paddy
ﬁeld is important｣
4 Y. Kodaira (Fukushima Pref. Soma High school) Y. Kazama (RIKEN Nishina Center) 16 Sep. Radiation Biology
Seminar ｢Educational materials for genetics using Arabidopsis muants｣
5 R. Sugiyama (Ajinomoto) T. Abe (RIKEN Nishina Center) 24 Oct. Radiation Biology Seminar ｢Potential use ofheavy ion breeding fot functional food factors｣
6 A. Ferjani (Department of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University) 10 Mar. RIKEN Seminar ｢FUGU5/AVP1 Activity Is
Essential For Early Seedling Development And Organ-Size Control In Arabidopsis｣
RIKEN BNL Research Center
1 Howard Georgi (Harvard University) 23 Apr. “The Unparticle Scale”
2 Mikhail Shifman (University of Minnesota) 19 Nov. “From Vortices in Superconductivity to Quark Conﬁnement”
3 Michele Papucci (IAS, Princeton) 25 Feb. “Dark Matter Sees the Light”
JUSTIPEN
1 Anatoli Afanasjev (Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University) 12 May The next frontier :hyperdeformation
2

Carlos Bertulani (Texas A&M) 9 Jun. Pairing strength and odd-even mass differences

3

Betty Tsang (NSCL, Michigan State University) 18 Dec. Systematics of neutron spectroscopic factors

CNS
1 P. Roussel-Chomaz (GANIL) 2 Apr. Status of the SPIRAL 2 project at GANIL
2 T. Abe (CNS, University of Tokyo) 24 Jun. Lattice Calculation of Thermal Properties of Low-Density Neutron Matterwith NN Effective Field Theory
3 P. Schuck (Orsay) 8 Oct. Alpha-particle condensation in nuclei
4 T. Hashimoto (CNS, University of Tokyo) 28 Oct. Direct measurements of the astrophysical nuclearreaction rates withradioactive nuclear beams
5

J. Miyamoto (Weizmann Institute) 30 Jan. The Thick Gas Electron Multiplier:its performance and applications

6

J. J. He (IMP, Lanzhou, China) 12 Mar. Some Results and Progress in Nuclear Astrophysics Research- 539 -AUTHOR INDEXABE Akira阿部陽

BOYLE Peter87

xi, xx, 274, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281,

BROWN Alex

45

282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288

CAI Xiangzhou

11, 12, 14

ABU-IBRAHIM Badawy

42

CASSANO Nicole

ADACHI Satoshi

216

CHEN Alan20, 21

CHEN Jingen

12

ABE Tomoko

288

阿部知子

AIDA Ryutaro

足立智

間竜太郎

AIHARA Toshimitsu
AKIBA Yasuyuki

281, 282
117, 118, 126, 291, 296

CHEN Jun 陈俊

20, 21

68, 201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 212,

CHERUBINI Sivio

21

214

CHIBA Junsei

藍原利光

秋葉康之

201, 203

千葉順成

viii, xv, 29, 159, 183, 184

AKIYAMA Kazuhiko

秋山和彦

270

CHIBA Toshiya

千葉利哉

124

AKIYAMA Takahiro

秋山隆宏

15

CHIBA Yoshiaki

千葉好明

124

AKIYAMA Takashi

秋山岳伸

25, 216, 221

CHOLLET Simon

201, 203, 207

CHRIST Norman

87

AL-BATAINEH Hisham
ALLTON Chris

70

87

CIANCIOLO Vince

201, 214

AL-TA'ANI Hussein

66

CLARK Michael

AMADIO Guilherme

21

CLOET Ian80, 81COHEN Saul

87

AMANO Ryohei
AMATO Alex

天野良平

264

248

87

DAIRAKU Seishi

37

ANTONIO Dave87

DAM Binh

AOI Nori

3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 182

DANG NGUYEN Dinh

53, 54DANTSUKA Tomoyuki

段塚知志

青井考

AOKI Sinya

青木慎也

60

AOKI Yasumichi

青木保道

APADULA Nicole

4, 207

ARAI Ichiro

新井一郎

19

DATTA Amaresh

86, 87, 88

DAUGAS Jean-Michel

197

DAWSON Chris

22

87

ARAMAKI Yoki

荒巻陽紀

71

DE RYDT Marieke

ARIYOSHI Kingo

有吉欽吾

257

DEEPACK Bista

201, 203

ASAHI Koichiro

旭耕一郎

22, 23, 24, 195

DEGUCHI Shigeki

出口茂樹

DEPUYDT Maarten

22

DESHPANDE Abhay

201, 214ASAI Masato

浅井雅人

268

ASANO Hidemitsu

浅野秀光

AVOGADRO Paolo

50, 57

BABA Hidetada

馬場秀忠

216

305, 307, 311

36

22

DION Alan214

viii, xv, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14,

DOI Kenichi

土井憲一

29, 159, 198, 199

DOMBRÁDI Zsolt

viii, xv, 4, 29, 159, 163

239

9

BABA Yutaka

馬場裕

96

DONNELLAN Michael

87

BAKULE Pavel

233, 234, 235, 236

DOORNENBAL Pieter

3, 11, 14, 182

BALABANSKI Dimiter
BARBIERI CarloBAUER Eric

DRAPIER Oliver

22

DREES Axel

51, 52

238

BAZIN Daniel201, 203, 207, 212

DUAN Truong

BAZILEVSKY Alexander63

201, 203, 207
248

DUMITRU Adrian
EBATA Shuichiro

江幡修一郎

49

BENNETT Robert

31, 63EBESU Shoichiro

胡子昇一朗

28, 216

BENTZ Wolfgang

80, 81

EGAMI Tomoaki

江上智晃

ELEKES Zoltán

9, 13

BINH Dam

3

85

20

41

BISHOP Shawn

8, 10, 11, 13, 14

EMOTO Takashi

江本隆

BISTA Deepak

205, 207

ENDO Natsumi

遠藤奈津美

BLUM Thomas

87, 88ENOKIZONO Akitomo

BLUNDELL Stephen
BOYLE Kieran

255

ENOMOTO Shuichi
ENRICO Vigezzi

34, 35-i-

57

xii, 196
7

榎園昭智

榎本秀一

214

264, 268

EN'YO Hideto

延與秀人

201, 203, 205, 209, 212, 223

127, 133, 135, 147, 148, 150, 152, 291,

EZAKI Yutaka

江崎豊

263, 267, 268, 269, 295

293, 296

FAMIANO Michaelviii, xv, 29, 159

FANG Deqing

11, 12, 14

FITRILAWATI256

GOTO Shin'ichi

後藤真一

i, 15, 267

GOTO Takayuki

後藤貴行

239, 240, 241

GOTO Yuji

後藤雄二

63, 223FLEMING Donald

236

GRANIER DE CASSAGNAC Raphael

FLORES Marcos

229

GRÉVY Stéphane

FLYNN Jonathan

87

GROSSE-PERDEKAMP Matthias

FRANCISCO Barranco

57

GUMPLINGER Peter

236

FRANCISCONI Patricia

34, 35GUNJI Taku

68, 74FRIES Rainer

61

GUO Wei

201, 203, 207

22

郡司卓

32, 33, 34, 35, 219

12

FUJIKAKE Kotaro

藤掛浩太郎

193, 194, 231

FUJIKAWA Hisashi

藤川尚志

21

HABA Hiromitsu

羽場宏光

FUJIMAKI Masaki

藤巻正樹

ix, xviii, 105, 122, 148, 150,

HACHIUMA Isao

152, 291, 296, 298

HAKI Yosuke

i, xiii, 15, 16, 181, 263, 264, 265,
266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 295

八馬功viii, xv, 5, 24, 29, 163

羽木洋介

201, 203, 205, 207, 212, 216

FUJIMORI Yasuyuki

藤森康之

HAMAGAKI Hideki

浜垣秀樹

FUJINAWA Tadashi

藤縄雅150, 152, 289

HAMAGAKI Manabu

浜垣学

273

FUJISAWA Hiroshi

藤澤博

126

HAMANAKA Makoto

濱仲誠293, 296, 298

FUJISAWA Hiroyuki

藤沢弘幸

FUJITA Shin

302

藤田新

i

263, 268, 269

HARA Kaoru

原かおる

HARA Yuta

原裕太

68, 74, 223

197

3, 12, 14

FUJITA Yoshitaka

藤田佳孝

19

HART Alistair

FUJIWARA Kohei

藤原康平

201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 212,

HASAMA Yuka

挾間優佳

22, 23, 195

214

HASEBE Hiroo

長谷部裕雄

105, 133, 135, 291, 293, 296

FUKAO Yoshinori

深尾祥紀

216, 217, 218, 221

HASEBE Hisashi

長谷部尚志

203, 205

FUKUDA Hiroyuki

福田弘幸

141, 302, 304

HASEGAWA Ken

長谷川謙203, 205

FUKUDA Machiko

福田真知子

283

HASEGAWA Satoshi

長谷川聡

FUKUDA Mitsunori

福田光順

5, 24

FUKUDA Naoki

福田直樹

FUKUI Toshiaki

福井利晃

FUKUNISHI Nobuhisa

FUKUZAWA SeijiFÜLÖP Zsolt

HASEGAWA Taichi

長谷川太一

HASHIMOTO Kimiaki

橋本公瑛201, 203, 207, 212

163, 309

HASHIMOTO Koichi

橋本耕一

89

6, 8

HASHIMOTO Koji

福西暢尚

福澤聖児

橋本幸士

xi, xviii, 75, 105, 107, 109,HASHIMOTO Takashi

111, 113, 122, 131, 133,HASHIMOTO Yoshiko

135, 137, 143, 148, 150,

HASHIMOTO Yukio

152, 281, 282, 284, 285,

HASUKO Kazumi

288, 291, 293, 296, 298

HATA Maki

xvi

蓮子和己

6, 7, 849, 5533

25, 216, 221
畠山温

畠山晋

193, 194, 231

277

HATSUDA Tetsuo

初田哲男

60

HAYAKAWA Seiya

早川勢也

19, 20, 21, 26

FURUKAWA Takeshi

古川武

GANGNANT Patrice

177

HAYANO Ryugo

早野龍五

75

GARABATOS Chilo

74

HAYASHI Yoriko

林依子

xi, 274, 279, 280, 281, 282, 284,

GASTALDI Franck

201, 203, 212

GAUDEFROY Laurent
GEISSEL Hans

285

22

HAYASHI Tatuya
HE Jianjun

3, 5, 75

GERNHÄUSER Roman

3

GIBELIN Julien

3, 4, 13

GOMI Tomoko

五味朋子

GONO Yasuyuki
GOTO Akira

11, 14, 187, 193, 194, 231

19, 20, 184

橋本佳子

HATAKEYAMA Atsushi

109, 143, 293, 296

xvii, 77, 78, 95

橋本幸男

秦麻記

267

橋本尚志

HATAKEYAMA Shin
船木靖郎

288

viii, xv, 3, 4, 5, 7, 29, 157, 159,

9

FUNAKI Yasuro

87

郷農靖之

後藤彰

7

ix, 105, 107, 115, 117, 118, 120, 126,

238

HEMMI Masatake

逸見政武

HIDAYAT Rahmat

256

樋上直太

HIGEMOTO Wataru- ii -

228

HEFFNER Robert

HIGAMI Naota

viii, xv, 19, 29, 159

林達也

21
xviii

228

髭本亘

238

HIGURASHI Rieko

日暮（蛭沼）利江子

HIGURASHI Yoshihide

HINKE Christoph日暮祥英

IMAI Ken'ichi

今井憲一

216

ix, 105, 107, 115, 117,

302

IMAI Nobuaki

今井伸明

6, 8, 10

118, 148, 150, 152, 291,

IMAMOTO Naoko

293, 296

INABE Naohito

INAKURA Tsunenori

3

HINOHARA Nobuo

日野原伸生

HIRABAYASHI Kazuhiro

47

平林和紘

228

井上弘一

277
251

井上壮志

78

INOUE Takeshi

平山賀一

24, 25ISHI Naoko

平山雄三

237

HIROSE Kentarou

廣瀬健太郎

HISAMATSU Toru

久松徹

HIYAMA Emiko

肥山詠美子

HONDA Ichiro

283

HONMA Michio

本多崇成

本間道雄

HORIBATA Takatoshi
HORIGOME Atsuko

石橋陽子

ISHIDA Katsuhiko

石田勝彦

堀端孝俊

石田尚行

252

石田佳久

18

viii, xv, 29, 159, 183, 184

ISHII Ken'ichi

石井健一

xii, 196

石井公太郎

xx

ISHII Kotaro

ISHII Noriyoshi

堀川大輔

24

石井理修

60

ISHII Shigehisa

石井重久

xi

xvi

ISHII Tetsuro

石井哲朗

25

石井康之

240, 246, 253, 254

堀内渉

42

ISHII Yasuyuki

HOSHINO Sayo

星野紗代

193

ISHIKAWA Fumihiro

HOSOI Motooki

細井基興

13

HOSOTANI Yutaka

細谷裕

100

石川文洋

247

ISHIKAWA Kazuhiro

石川和宏

13

ISHIKAWA Shigeru

石川盛293, 296

HU Zhengguo

12

ISHIKAWA Tomomi

石川智己

HUYSE Mark187

ISHIMOTO Shigeru

石元茂

HYODO Toshio

兵頭俊夫

ICHIDA Hiroyuki

ICHIKAWA Yuichi

ITAGAKI Naoyuki

板垣直之

39

ITAHASHI Kenta

板橋健太

3, 75

i, xiii, 16, 56

ITO Hiromasa

10, 22, 23, 24, 195

ITO Makoto

伊藤誠

201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 212

ITO Sachiko

伊藤祥子

ITO Takashi

伊藤孝viii, xv, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 28, 29,

ITO Takuya

伊藤拓也

159, 183

ITO Yuta

市川隆敏

一宮亮

IDEGUCHI Eiji

井手口栄治

家城和夫

i, viii, xiii, xv, 8, 15, 16, 29, 159

IGARASHI Kimie

五十嵐きみ江IIDA Kei

58

飯田圭

IIJIMA Hiroaki

302

伊藤寛昌

ITOH Satoshi

23

IWAI Yoshio

309

39, 40

伊藤由太

196
238
80, 815, 12, 24, 186

伊藤聖

IVANOV Marian

飯島裕章

94

viii, xv, 29, 159, 198, 199, 223

市川雄一

ICHIMIYA Ryo
IEKI Kazuo

礒野裕

3, 75

74

岩井良夫

261, 273

IIMURA Hideki

飯村秀紀

xiv, 187

IWAMOTO Akira

岩本昭

IIZUKA Satomi

飯塚里美

302

IWASA Naohito

岩佐直仁

IKEDA Naomi

池田直美

225

IKEDA Tokihiro
IKEDA Yuki

池田友樹

IKEZAWA Eiji

11, 12, 13, 14, 21, 26

IWASAKI Hironori

岩崎弘典

6, 8, 10, 13

IWASAKI Masahiko

岩崎雅彦

237, 259, 261

25, 28, 216, 221

IWASAKI Shohei

岩崎照平

258

IZUBUCHI Taku

出渕卓

池戸豊

IKEGAMI Kumio

56261, 273

池田時浩

IKEDO Yutaka

91

186

277, 278, 279, 280, 284

市原卓

ICHIKAWA Takatoshi

ISONO Hiroshi

226, 227

市田裕之

ICHIHARA Takashi

4, 7, 10

石井千尋

55

HORIUCHI Wataru

石原正泰

ISHII Chihiro

302, 304

堀内昶

234, 235, 237, 259, 260, 261,

ISHIDA Yoshihisa

ISHIHARA Masayasu
12, 1443, 45HORIUCHI Hisashi

96

5, 12, 23, 24, 186

ISHIDA Takayuki

堀米敦子

HORIKAWA Daisuke

石橋延幸

ISHIBASHI Yoko

290

59

43

本多一郎

263

23

xx

246

HJORTH-JENSEN Morten
HONDA Takashige

石尚子

ISHIBASHI Nobuyuki

246

48, 49

井上倫太郎

平山貴之

廣井政彦

稲倉恒法

INOUE Rintaro

HIRAYAMA Yoshikazu
HIROI Masahiko

273

viii, xv, 3, 4, 5, 29, 157, 159

INOUE Hirokazu

HIRAYAMA Takayuki
HIRAYAMA Yuzo

今本尚子

稲辺尚人

池上九三男

池沢英二

IZUMI Masako

311

泉雅子

ix, 105, 107, 126, 131, 143, 148,IZUMIKAWA Takuji

150, 152, 291, 296, 300

JUNG Chulwoo- iii -

87

42

87, 89274, 275, 276

泉川卓司

24

JUTTNER Andreas

87

KAGEYAMA Tadashi

影山正

KAHL David19, 20, 21

KAJI Daiya

加治大哉

87
87

21

角谷暢一

KIDERA Masanori

木寺正憲

ix, 105, 117, 118, 291, 293, 296

225, 226, 227, 295

KIKUCHI Akihiro

菊地晶裕

249

viii, xv, 3, 4, 5, 22, 25, 29,

KIKUCHI Kaori

157, 159KIKUNAGA Hidetoshi

神原正
亀田大輔

309

菊永英寿

KIMURA Hitomi

木村仁美

12

126, 133, 135, 148, 150,

KISHIDA Takashi

岸田隆

135

152, 291, 293, 296, 305

KISHIMOTO Isao

岸本功

97, 98, 99

59

KITAGAWA Susumu

北川進

47

KITATSUJI Yoshihiro

北辻章浩

271

xiv, 17, 18, 229, 273

KITAYAMA Mitsuhisa

來山益久

7

金森逸作

101, 102, 103

20

KOBA Takato

木庭卓人

KANAYA Junpei

金谷淳平

201, 203, 205, 207

KOBAYASHI Kiyoshi

KANAYA Toshiji

金谷利治

251

KOBAYASHI Nobuyuki

KANAZAWA Yuu

金澤悠

261

KANEKO Wakako

兼子和佳子

KANESUE Takeshi

金末猛

菅野祥子

KARATSU Ken'ichi
KASAI Miki

KASE Masayuki

KOBAYASHI Tohru

KATO Reizo

KOBAYASHI Yoshio

小林義男

24, 260, 290

216, 218, 221

KOBAYASHI-KOMIYAMA Misaki

117, 118, 120, 122, 126, 127, 129,

293,

131, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143,

296,

148, 150, 152, 225, 289, 291, 293,

298
KOHAMA Akihisa

xiv, 17, 18, 187

254

250

KOIKE Shigetoshi

小池茂年

228

小池洋二

245

KOIZUMI Ayako

小泉綾子

xx, 284

11, 12, 14, 26, 27, 165,

KOJIMA Takao

小島隆夫

xiv, 17, 18, 261, 273

169, 171, 173, 175

KOJO Toru

古城徹

82

KOMATSU Takuma

viii, xv, 3, 4, 29, 159, 163

小松拓真

7, 13

KOMORI Yukiko

小森有希子

KONDO Yosuke

近藤洋介

281
i, 266, 269

viii, xv, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12,36

14, 29, 159, 163
237, 241, 243, 245, 248,

KONO Hikaru

249, 253, 254

KOSHIDA Haruka

23, 25, 28

KOTAKA Yasuteru

川股隆行
川村広和

河野光瑠

KAWANO Shigeyuki

河野重行

xx, 283, 284

KOURA Hiroyuki

KAWANO Teruhiko

川野輝彦

97, 98KOYAMA Ryo

KAWASHIMA Motohiro
KAWASUMI Masaya

42, 58小原孝夫

234, 235

KAWAMURA Hirokazu

KAZAMA Yusuke

小濱洋央

KOHARA Takao
KOIKE Yoji

川畑貴裕

河田鷹介

KAWAMATA Takayuki

ix, 105,
291,

i, 15

KAWALL David

小林-込山美咲

145,

鹿取謙二

河合祥子

226, 273

i, 263, 270, 271

KATORI Kenji

KAWAKAMI Roland小林知洋

ix, xviii, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113,243

KAWAI Shoko

193, 194, 231
7, 26

加藤徹也

KAWADA Yosuke

小林徹

小林俊雄

KATO Tetsuya

KAWABATA Takahiroviii, xv, 3, 4, 11, 14, 29,

KOBAYASHI Toshio

片山一郎

加藤礼三

小林信之

KOBAYASHI Tomohiro

296, 298, 300, 305, 307, 311
KATAYAMA Ichiro

293, 296

155, 154

笠松良崇

加瀬昌之

278

小林清志

3, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14

201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 212, 214

KASAMATSU Yoshitaka

255

159
255

唐津謙一

河西実希

263, 268, 269

117, 118, 120, 122, 124,

延與佳子

金井保之

283

KIM Aram

上村正康

KANADA-EN'YO Yoshiko菊地郁ix, xviii, 105, 107, 113,

上垣外修一

KAMIMURA Masayasu

KANNO Shouko

193

KHIEM LE Hong

KAMEDA Daisuke

KANAMORI Issaku

風戸正行

KENNEDY Anthony
KENWAY Richard

KAMBARA Tadashi

KANAI Yasuyuki

KAZATO Masayuki

i, xiii, 15, 16, 179, 181, 265, 266

KAKUTANI Nobukazu

KAMIGAITO Osamu

105, 291, 293, 296, 300

川嶋基敬

川角昌弥

風間裕介

258

小山亮

KRÜCKEN Reiner

xviii, 120, 122, 139, 293, 296

3

KUBO Kenya

久保謙哉

284, 285

KUBO Toru

久保徹

24293, 296i, xiii, 15, 16

小山岳秀

xx, 274, 277, 279, 280, 283,

- iv -

264

小高康照

小浦寛之

KOYAMA Takehide

203, 209

221

越田晴香

260

250

KUBO Toshiyuki

viii, xiv, xv, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 17,

MANNEL Eric

201, 203, 212, 214

18, 26, 29, 157, 159, 161, 165,

MANO Daisuke

眞野大輔

169, 187, 309

MÅNSSON Martin

久保敏幸

KUBOKI Hironori

久保木浩功

KUBOKI Takamasa

久保木隆正

KUBONO Shigeru

久保野茂

KUBOYAMA Satoshi

MARU Akifumi

105, 133, 135, 291, 293, 296
13, 19, 20, 21, 147, 184

久保山智司

257

丸明史

MATSUDA Yasuyuki

5, 11, 14, 24, 163
26

225

松田恭幸

MATSUDA Yohei

松田洋平

MATSUI Nobuyuki

松井信行

KUDO Hisaaki

工藤久昭

i, 15, 267

MATSUKAWA Kazuhito

KUDOU Yuki

工藤祐生

i, xiii, 16, 181, 265, 266, 268, 269

MATSUMOTO Jun

KUDRYAVTSEV Yuri
KUMAGAI Keiko

187

熊谷桂子

KUME Naoto

久米直人

KUREI Hiroshi

榑井博

KURIHARA Yuzo

105, 109, 111, 143, 296

7, 13

松川和人

松本淳

MATSUMOTO Takuma

松本琢磨

MATSUMURA Hiroshi

松村宏

MATSUO Satoshi

松尾哲

MATSUO Yukari

松尾由加利

MATSUSHITA Akiyuki

19, 20, 21
xii, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,

24

248

11, 14栗田和好

233, 234, 235, 236, 259, 261

7165, 167, 171, 173, 175

栗原佑蔵

KURITA Kazuyoshi

226

7, 41

260

283
11, 187, 193, 194, 231

松下明行

MATSUSHITA Masafumi

247

松下昌史

viii, xv, 11, 14, 28, 29,
159, 183

196, 201, 203, 205, 207, 209,
KUROKAWA Meiko
KUROSAWA Maki

MATSUTA Kensaku

松多健策

23, 24

11, 12, 13, 14

MATSUURA Yuichi

松浦佑一

193, 194

黒川明子
黒澤真城

KUSAKA Kensuke

212, 214, 216

日下健祐

201, 202, 203, 205, 207, 209,

MATSUYAMA Tomoki

松山知樹

211, 212, 214

MATSUZAKI Teiichiro

松崎禎市郎

MAWHINNEY Robert

87

KUWAJIMA Atsuhiro

桑島淳宏

KWON YOUNG Kwan

21

254, 259, 260, 261

LANCASTER Tom
LANTZ Mattias

21

LI Min87

MENGONI Alberto

4

MEREDITH Beau

32

MIBE Tsutomu

255

三部勉

216, 218, 221

MICHIMASA Shin'ichiro

道正新一郎

201

MIHARA Mototsugu
MIKI Kenjiro

三原基嗣

三木謙二郎

34, 35

MINAMISONO Tadanori

3, 14

MINEMURA Toshiyuki

李闊昂

87

MITSUOKA Shinichi

LIBIN Jean-François
LIN Feng-Li

3, 14, 20, 165, 167,
171, 173, 175, 177

20

LEITGAB Martin
LI Kuoang

MAYNARD Chris5, 163

LEBEDEV Alexander
LEE Namxii, 196

66

LA COGNATA Marco

237, 244, 247, 251,

viii, ix, xv, 3, 4, 5, 8, 26, 29,
115, 157, 159, 300, 309

KYLE Gary

278

177

78

5, 23, 24

27, 165, 167, 171, 173, 175
南園忠則

峯村俊行

光岡真一

23, 246, 8, 1325

MIURA Taichi

三浦太一

260

MIYA Hiroyuki

宮裕之

165, 167, 171, 173, 175

三宅和生

LIN Huey-Wen

88

MIYAKE Kazuo

LIN Mei-Feng

87

MIYAMOTO Hiroshi

293, 296

宮本寛

295

MIYAMOTO Sakiko

宮本咲紀子

LIU Han 刘涵65, 66, 70

MIYASHITA Yuuki

宮下雄樹

5, 183, 184

LIU Mingxiong

柳明雄

MIYOSHI Kazumitsu

三吉一光

279

LIOUBIMOV Vladimir

LIU Wei
MA LiQiu

17, 18, 191
65, 66, 70

61

MIZOI Yutaka

馬立秋

MA Yugang

277

MAIE Takeshi

MIZUSAKI Takahiro

前田幸重

MAESHIMA Kazuhiro

MANIKONDA Shashi

27

MÖLLER Peter

前島一博

眞家武士

MANAKA Hirotaka

29, 159NISHIMURA Mizuki-Kurata

11, 12, 14

MAEDA Yukie

溝井浩

273

水崎高浩

MOMOSE Takamasa
MOMOTA Sadao

311

MOON JUN Young
239

MOREL Pascal

viii, xv, 29, 159

183

43, 45

百瀬孝昌

236

百田佐多生

5, 24

21

22

MORIGUCHI Tetsuaki

-v-

西村美月

56

105, 109, 111, 291, 293, 296, 300,

真中浩貴

285

森口哲朗

viii, xv, 5, 12, 23, 24, 29,

NAKANO Kenichi

159, 186
MORIKAWA Hitoshi

森川斉

MORIMOTO Kouji

森本幸司

MORITA Kosuke

森田浩介

MORREALE Astrid
MOTOBA Toshio

MUFTI Nandang
MUKAI Hiroki

NAKANO Nobuo

266

NAKANO Takehito

i, xiii, 15, 16, 179, 181, 265, 266

NAKAO Taro

59

本橋健次

NARUSAWA Tadashi

成沢忠

60

NEMURA Hidekatsu

根村英克

viii

NEYENS Gerda
11, 12, 14

96
26, 28, 184, 216

225

NAGAE Daisuke

長江大輔

25

NAGASE Makoto

8, 13, 25

二宮一史

216, 221, 260

NINOMIYA Kazuhiko

二宮和彦

129

西田稔

127, 283, 293, 296

西原潔

xx, 5, 284

NISHIMURA Daiki

西村太樹

21, 24NISHIMURA Shunji

西村俊二

viii, xv, 3, 19, 20, 21, 28, 29,

268, 270, 271

NISHIWAKI Youichi

西脇洋一

233, 234, 235, 259

NITTA Minori

永嶺謙忠

長瀬誠

新倉潤

NINOMIYA Kazufumi

159, 212, 243

永目諭一郎

NAGAMINE Kanetada

xv, 22, 29, 159

NISHIHARA Kiyoshi

村田次郎 25, 28, 216, 221
武藤英明

新田稔

NOBUTOKI Minoru

105, 143, 291, 293, 296

27

NOJI Shumpei

野地俊平

長谷健

286, 287

NOLEN Jerry

xv, 13, 29, 159

NAGATOMO Takashi

長友傑

22, 23, 24, 195

NOTANI Masahiro

野谷将広

NOUICER Rachid

201, 257

NOZAKI Hiroshi

野崎洋

NOZUE Yasuo

野末泰夫

長嶋泰之

NAKABAYASHI Takumi

226, 227

中林彩

6, 7, 8NAKAGAKI Reiko

中垣麗子

260

NAKAGAWA Itaru

中川格216, 218, 221

NAKAGAWA Takahide

NAKAI Yoichi

中川孝秀

中井陽一

NAKAJIMA Saori

242

100

118, 148, 150, 152, 291,

ODA Kin-ya

298

293, 296

ODAGIRI Jun-ichi

小田切淳一

21

ODAHARA Atsuko

小田原厚子

193, 231

ODASHIMA Hitoshi

小田島仁司

41

中島司

197

OGATA Kazuyuki

仲條眞介

288

OGAWA Akio

NAKAJIMA Tsukasa

緒方一介

小川暁生

NAKAMURA Hiroyuki

中村裕之

250

OGAWA Ken-ichiro

NAKAMURA Katsuro

中村克朗

216, 218, 221

OGILVIE Craig

NAKAMURA Masato

中村仁音

141, 311

OGIWARA Kiyoshi

NAKAMURA Risa

248, 258

NUGROHO Agustinus
尾田欣也

214

239

中島紗織

NAKAJO Shinsukeviii, 165, 167, 171, 175, 177ix, 105, 107, 115, 117,

26, 2825

28, 216, 221, 309

信時実

NAGATANI Takeshi

NAGASHIMA Yasuyuki

5, 24

273

212

NISHIDA Minoru

228

MUTOH Hideaki

NAGAME Yuichiro

波平晃佑

並木祐一

NIIKURA Megumi

村上洋一

28, 46, 48, 50

163

159, 182

257

村上哲也

中務孝

中谷祐輔

NAMIKI Yuichi

229

村上公一

MURAKAMI Yoichi

viii, xv, 3, 8, 29, 49, 159

NAMIHIRA Kousuke

村上浩之

MURAKAMI Testuya

10viii, xv, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10,302, 304

向和彦

MURAKAMI Koichi

中尾太郎

NETTELETON Anthony

MURAKAMI Hiroyuki

248

中野岳仁

11, 12, 13, 14, 26, 29, 157,

242

MUKAI Kazuhiko

中野信夫

NAKAYA Yusuke

本林透

向井弘樹

MURATA Jiroi, xiii, 15, 16, 179, 181, 265,

NAKATSUKASA Takashi

MOTOBAYASHI Tohru

203, 205, 207, 209, 211, 212,
226

73

元場俊雄

MOTOHASHI Kenji

中野健一

13

中村梨沙

264

NAKAMURA Takashi

中村隆司

NAKAMURA Takashi

中村貴志

NAKAMURA Takeshi
NAKAMURA Tomoaki
NAKANISHI Kohsuke

中西康介

7, 33

5, 34, 35

小川賢一郎

186, 201

273

OHBA Masaaki

荻原清228, 255

大場正昭

大部澄江

255

viii, xv, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10,

OHBU Sumie

279, 280, 284, 285

11, 13, 14, 26, 29, 159

OHIRA-KAWAMURA Seiko17, 18, 298

OHISHI Kazuki

仲村武志

223, 293, 296

OHKI Tomonori

大木智則

5, 291, 296

中村智昭

173

OHKUMA Yuki

大熊悠希

201

大石一城

河村聖子

238

126, 234, 235, 240, 246

165, 167, 171, 175, 216

OHNISHI Hiroaki

大西宏明

115, 203

NAKANISHI Reona

中西怜央奈

302

OHNISHI Jun-ichi

大西純一

ix, 4, 26, 105, 107, 113, 148,

NAKANO Kazushiro

中野和城

201

150, 152, 296- vi -OHNISHI Tetsuya

大西哲哉

viii, xv, 3, 5, 29, 100, 157, 159,

PANCAKE Charles

161, 163, 199, 309

PEARSON Jonty

21, 207, 212, 214

87

OHNUMA Toshihiko

大沼俊彦

296

PEI Hua

OHSHIRO Yukimitsu

大城幸光

93, 293PENDLETON Brian

OHTA Kazutoshi
OHTA Shigemi

太田和俊

87

太田滋生

OHTAKE Masao

OHTANI Shunsuke

PERROT Luc

84

21

viii, xiv, xv, 3, 5, 29, 157, 159,

PETRECZKY Peter

309

PIZZONE Rosario

大谷俊介

22

PEREPELKIN Evgeny

4, 88

大竹政雄

147

248
253

17, 18, 187, 230, 281

PRATT Francis

53, 57, 233, 234, 235, 236, 255viii, 282

QUANG HUNG Nguyen

54, 201

OHTSUBO Norihiro

大坪憲弘

OHTSUBO Takashi

大坪隆

xv, 5, 29, 159, 259, 263

RICARDO Broglia

OHTSUKI Tsutomu

大槻勤

225

RIEDLER Petra

59, 256

RIJKEN Thomas

240

OHYA Susumu

大矢進

257

OHZONO Hironobu

大園浩之

OHZUKU Tsutomu

小槻勉

OISHI Hiroto

大石寛人

OKADA Hiromi

12

RISDIANA

218

xvi, 177, 242

RÖPKE Gerd

31

岡田裕美

64

203

xi

ROUSSEL-CHOMAZ Patricia

288

RYUTO Hiromichi

龍頭啓充

87, 135, 216, 281, 282, 284

21

OKADA Kensuke

岡田謙介

xiv, 14, 11, 12, 230

SACHRAJDA Chris

OKADA Kunihiro

岡田邦宏

17, 18, 27, 187, 191, 226

OKAMURA Hiroyuki
OKAMURA Kei

岡村弘之

岡村圭

OKAMURA Masahiro

SADA Yuta

佐田優太

13

154

SAITO Akito

齋藤明登

xv, 4, 29, 159, 165, 167, 171, 173,

10, 252

SAITO Fuminori

175, 226, 227

155

岡村昌宏

斎藤文修

286, 287

OKAMURA Yoshitomo

岡村祥有

8

SAITO Hiroyuki

斉藤宏之

216, 221

OKUMURA Toshifumi

奥村俊文

6, 7, 115, 311

SAITO Naohito

齊藤直人

27, 218

OKUNO Hiroki

奥野広樹

ONG Hooi Jin

王惠仁

ONISHI Takeo

大西健夫

ONUKI Yoshiyuki
OOE Kazuhiroix, 10, 26, 105, 107, 113, 127, 129,

SAKAGUCHI Satoshi

133, 135, 148, 150, 152, 212, 291,

SAKAI Hideyuki

293, 296, 300, 305, 307

SAKAI Tadakatsu

酒井忠勝

302

SAKAMOTO Hisao

坂本久雄

27, 124

7, 8, 10SAKAMOTO Naruhiko

6, 7, 201, 203

小貫良行

大江一弘

坂口聡志

酒井英行

177

xvii, 165, 169, 171, 173, 175, 304

坂本成彦

120, 122, 126, 127, 129,

205, 207, 209, 212, 263, 266

i, 265, 268, 269, 286, 287

291, 293, 296

OOE Masakazu

大江正和

5, 186SAKAMURA Yutaka

阪村豊

OOISHI Hiroto

大石寛人

3, 24, 288

SAKASHITA Kohichi

坂下耕一

ORR Nigel

SAKO Masami

10, 21OSHIMIZU Yasumi
OTA Shinsuke

大清水保見

大田晋輔

OTSU Hideaki

大津秀暁

13

9

10

櫻井博儀

viii, xv, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13,
26, 28, 29, 69, 74, 157, 159,

167, 171, 173, 175, 199

182, 183
SANO Satoshi

viii, xv, 3, 7, 29, 43, 45, 159, 163

大塚孝治

OUCHIDA Misaki

大内田美沙紀OUTA Haruhiko

酒向正己

SAKURAI Hiroyoshi

28

4, 6, 8, 11, 12, 14, 26, 29, 159, 165,

OTSUKA Takaharu
OUELLET Christianxviii, 64, 100, 105, 113,

佐野哲

SARSOUR Murad

20, 7275

SASAKI Ayako

佐々木彩子

SASAKI Katsutomo

131

應田治彦

126

231

193

SASAKI Shoichi

194, 281, 282

佐々木克友

佐々木勝一

87, 88137, 309

OYAMADA Kazuyuki

小山田和幸

16, 58, 291, 296

SASAKI Tomoyuki

佐々木知之

27

OYAMATSU Kazuhiro

親松和浩

viii

SASAKI Yuichiro

佐々木雄一朗159

OZAWA Akira

小沢顕i, xiii, xv, 5, 12, 15, 16, 23, 24, 29,

SASAMOTO Yoshiko

笹本良子

159, 186, 197, 266
OZEKI Kazutaka
PAK Robert

大関和貴

SATO Hiromi

i, xiii, 15, 163, 181, 201, 203

201, 242

PALSTRA THEODORAS Marie24, 26, 29, 165, 167, 169,
171, 173, 175

203- vii -

佐藤広海

309

SATO Kazuhiko

佐藤一彦

83

SATO Kiyokazu

佐藤潔和

266

SATO Koichi

佐藤弘一

16

STRASSER Patrick

SATO Nozomi

佐藤望i, xiii, 15, 152, 179, 181, 285

SUDA Kenji

SATO Tadashi

佐藤雅志

293, 296

佐藤洋一

107, 148, 150, 225

SUDA Toshimi

SATOH Yohei

佐藤洋平

14

SUEHIRO Ryuichi

SCHEIT Heikoxii, 105, 113, 120, 122, 126, 196, 291,

ix

SATO Yoichi

SATOU Yoshiteru

xviii

須田健嗣

佐藤義輝

須田利美

末廣龍一

viii, xv, 3, 4, 7, 11, 14, 29, 159,

SUGA Masaki

182

SUGAWARA Kosuke

壽賀正城

54

SUGI Chika

13

228

菅原浩介

SUGAWARA Takamasa

3, 87, 249

SCHEUERMANN Robert

5, 19, 248, 289, 290

杉千花

228

菅原孝昌

xvii

13

SCHOLZ Enno

xvi

SUGIMOTO Shigeki

杉本茂樹

7

SCHUCK Peterxiv, 230

SUGIMOTO Takashi

杉本崇257, 258

SCHUESSLER Hans
SCHURY PeterSEIDL Ralf

xiv, 17, 18, 187, 189, 191

SUGIYAMA Jun

17, 18, 32, 187, 191, 219

SUGO Ryohei

SUHARA Tadahiro

25, 33, 34, 35, 216

SEITAIBASHI Etsuko

聖代橋悦子

SEKIGUCHI Kimiko

関口仁子

SEKIMOTO Michiko

関本美知子

SETOODEH NIA Kiana
SHAFTO Eugene

杉山純

27, 184

6, 8

須合亮平

47, 236

須原唯広

SUKHORUKOV Oleksander

111, 201, 203

SUMIKAMA Toshiyuki

4

viii

炭竃聡之

xv, 3, 5, 16, 23, 29, 159,
181, 183, 184

20, 201, 205, 207, 209, 212

203

SUMITA Takayuki

viii, 183, 207

住田貴之

i, xiii, 8, 10

SUZUKI Daisuke

鈴木大介

SHERRILL Bradleyxv, 29, 64, 226

SUZUKI Hiroshi

鈴木博

13, 27SHIBATA Toshiaki

柴田利明

281

SUZUKI Hiroshi

鈴木宏

6, 8, 23, 111, 244

志賀雄一朗

282

SUZUKI Hiroyuki

鈴木博之

24

鈴木都文

8, 10

SHIGA Yuichiro

SHIKATA Masahito

四方雅仁

SHIMADA Kenji

島田健司

SHIMADA Osamu

島田修

SHIMBARA Yoshihiro

清水良文

SHIMODA Tadashi

下田正

SHIMOMURA Koichiro

SUZUKI Kunifumi

46

新原佳弘

SHIMIZU Yoshifumi

SHIMOURA Susumu

22, 195

5, 225SUZUKI Masaru

鈴木賢

SUZUKI Takao

鈴木栄男

6, 102, 103

6, 248, 253
13, 14, 238, 239, 240, 241, 244,

231

245, 246, 247, 249, 254

193

SUZUKI Takeshi

鈴木健

194, 233, 234

SUZUKI Yasuyuki

鈴木宜之

227

13, 14, 235

SUZUKI Yoshiaki

鈴木嘉昭

5, 2503, 4, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 29, 159,SUZUKI Shinji

165, 167, 169, 171, 173, 175,TABATA Yoshikazu

177, 199, 266, 271

TABUKI Masahiro

7, 187, 260, 263, 265, 268, 269

TAI Ta-Sheng

下村浩一郎

下浦享

SHINOHARA Atsushi

篠原厚

SHINOHARA Mayuko

篠原摩有子

SHINOZUKA Tsutomu

篠塚勉

viii, xv, 5, 24, 29, 42, 159, 226

鈴木伸司

203

田畑吉計
椨木正博

戴大盛

93
94

28, 95, 285

193

TAKADA Eiichi

高田栄一

274

11, 14

TAKADA Saori

高田沙織

244

SHIODA Ryota

塩田良太

12, 234, 235

TAKAGI Keiichi

髙城啓一

226

SHIRAKI Ichiro

白木一郎

viii, 159

TAKAGI Shigeru

高木滋

295

SHIRAKI Yasutsugu
SHISHIDO Toetsu
SHOJI Kohei

TAKAHASHI Katsuo

高橋勝緒

269

67

TAKAHASHI Kazuya

高橋和也

268

183, 184

TAKAHASHI Naruto

高橋成人

97, 98

白木恭嗣

宍戸統悦

庄司幸平

xv, 29, 183, 184, 216, 228

SIGNORINI Cosimo

201

TAKAHASHI Tomohiko

SONDHEIM Walter

87, 189, 212

TAKAMINE Aiko

SONI Amarjit

xiv

SONODA Tetsu

園田哲

17, 69, 177, 187, 191

高橋智彦

高峰愛子

TAKASHINA Masaaki

高階正彰

TAKAYAMA Reona

高山玲央奈

SPITAELS Charles

79

TAKAYANAGI Toshinobu

STAR Collaboration

22

TAKEBAYASHI Akiko

STASTO Anna

249

TAKECHI Maya

STÖDEL Christelle

259

STOYKOV Alexey124

6263, 268

高柳俊暢

武林昭子

武智麻耶

xiv, 189

xiv, 17, 18, 24, 187, 191

230

228

viii, xv, 4, 5, 24, 29, 159, 163,
186

TAKEDA Hiroyuki- viii -竹田浩之

viii, xv, 3, 4, 5, 29, 157, 159

TAKEHISA Hinako

竹久妃奈子

279, 280, 285

塚田和司

221

TSUKADA Teruyo

塚田晃代

274, 276

月居憲俊

293, 296

竹之下佳久

TAKESHITA Eri

3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 13

TSUKIORI Noritoshi

201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 212,

TWEEDIE Robert

87, 88214, 216, 218, 221

UCHIDA Makoto

内田誠

3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14, 182,

UCHIKOSHI Syouichi

199

UCHIYAMA Akito

内山暁仁

126, 145, 291, 296, 298

植松暢矢viii, xv, 29, 159, 183, 184

竹下英里

TAKETANI Atsushi

竹谷篤

TAKEUCHI Satoshi

武内聡

286, 287

TSUKADA Kazushi

TAKENOSHITA Yoshihisa

TAMAE Tadaaki

玉江忠明xii, 196

UEMATSU Nobuya

TAMAKI Mitsuru

玉城充

6, 7, 8UENO Hideki

TAMII Atsushi

民井淳

27

TAMURA Jun

田村潤

154, 155

TAMURA Masashi
TAN Chung-I

117, 118, 126, 291, 296

田邉洋一

245

田中秀数

田中佳奈

TANAKA Kanenobu
TANAKA Naoki

viii, xv, 3, 4, 11, 14, 29, 159

田中直樹

TANIDA Kiyoshi

谷田聖

TANIGUCHI Akihiro
TANIHATA Isao

谷畑勇夫

TATSUMI Toshitaka
TEANEY Derek

259

13

VINGERHOETS Pieter

22

VOROZHTSOV Alexey

147

VOROZHTSOV Serge

147

VOSSEN Anselm

34, 35

WADA Michiharu

和田道治

寺西高

13, 21WAKASUGI Masanori

寺嶋靖治

77, 95WAKUI Takashi

涌井崇志

WANG He3

203

80, 81TIAN Wendong

11, 14

TJIA MAY On

242

22

王赫

TOGAWA Manabu

外川学

TOHSAKI Akihiro

東崎昭弘

TOKAIRIN Hideo
TOKANAI Fuyuki
TOKIEDA Hiroshi

若林泰生

11, 12, 14

WANG Jiansong

11, 12, 14

王碩

WANG Xiaorong栂野泰宏

xiv, 17, 18, 187, 189, 191, 230,

若杉昌徳

WANG Hongwei
WANG Shuo

TOGANO Yasuhiro

22

273
WAKABAYASHI Yasuo

THOMAS Jean-Charles

302, 304

22

83

手嶋祐太

THOMAS Anthony

TOM Harry

VERMEULEN Nele

92

TESHIMA Yuta

52

巽敏隆

TERANISHI Takashi
TERASHIMA Seiji

VAN NECK Dimitri

157, 159, 161, 186

216

谷口秋洋

187

VANDERHEYJDEN Wannes

277

288

45

上蓑義朋

VAN DUPPEN Pietviii, xv, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 14, 29,viii, xv, 4, 29, 159

田中秀逸

27, 29, 159, 165, 167, 169,

漆原昌二

宇都野穣

UWAMINO Yoshitomo
240, 241

田中鐘信

TANAKA Shuuitsu

viii, xv, 22, 23, 24, 29, 159, 195

上坂友洋

URUSHIBARA Shoji
UTSUNO Yutaka

TANAKA Hidekazu
TANAKA Kana

上野秀樹

226

171, 173, 175, 177

77

TANABE Yoichi

打越祥一

UESAKA Tomohiro

田村匡史

23

19, 20, 21, 184xii, 196

187, 193

xii, 196

王暁栄

3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,

WASHIYAMA Kohshin

21, 2665, 66, 70
鷲山幸信

264

WATANABE Hiroshi

渡辺博

105, 139, 143

201, 203, 205, 207, 209, 211,

WATANABE Hiroshi

渡邉寛viii, xv, 29, 159, 183, 184

212, 214

WATANABE Isao

渡邊功雄

237, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243,xvi

244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249,

東海林英夫

285

250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255,

門叶冬樹

i, 15

256, 257, 258

時枝紘史

165, 167, 171, 175, 177

WATANABE Shin-ichi

233, 234, 235

TOMITA Masanori

冨田雅典

276

渡邊伸一

WATANABE Shizui

渡辺静意

WATANABE Tamaki

渡邉環139, 147

201, 203, 205
xviii, 105, 122, 137, 291, 296

TOMONO Dai

友野大237, 261

WATANABE Yasushi

渡邊康198, 199, 223

TORII Chihiro

鳥居千寛

xx

WATANABE Yutaka

渡邉裕ix, 25, 107, 109, 111, 148,

TORIKAI Eiko

鳥養映子

233, 234, 235, 236
WATANABE Ryota

渡部亮太

TOYODA Takeshi

豊田健司

TOYOSHIMA Atsushi

豊嶋厚史

TSUCHIHASHI Takahiro
TSUKADA Kazuaki

WEICK Helmut

268, 270, 271

土橋隆博

塚田和明

150, 152, 291, 300

25, 28309

WEN Wen-Yu

75
温文金玉

WENDONG Tiani, 270, 271- ix -

12

94

5

WENNEKERS Jan

87

YOKOYAMA Koji

WIECHULA Jens

74

YONEDA Akira

WINKLER Martin

3, 5

YONEDA Ken-ichiro

187, 189

YABANA Kazuhiro

矢花一浩

48, 49YADOMI Kazuyoshi

矢冨一慎

127, 129, 143, 293, 296

八木栄一

YAHAGI Wataru
YAKO Kentaro

吉田敦

187, 304, 309
YOSHIDA Hiroshi

263, 268, 269

八尋正信

矢向謙太郎

3, 4, 11, 12, 14, 26

i, viii, xiii, xiv, xv, 3, 4, 5, 15, 16,
17, 18, 29, 157, 159, 161, 179,

228

矢作亘

YAHIRO Masanobu

233, 234, 235i, xiii, 15, 16, 181, 266

米田健一郎

YOSHIDA Atsushi

WOLLNIK Hermann

YAGI Eiichi

横山幸司

米田晃

41

吉田宏

288

YOSHIDA Kenichi

吉田賢市

44

YOSHIDA Koichi

吉田光一

viii, xv, 3, 4, 5, 29, 157, 159,
199, 304, 309

27

YAMADA Fumiko

山田文子

240, 241YOSHIDA Tomohiro

YAMADA Kazunari山田一成

xviii, 6, 8, 11, 12, 13, 14, 23,

YOSHIDA Toru

24, 105, 111, 113, 122, 126,YOSHII Hideakira

吉井秀彬

viii, xv, 29, 159, 183, 184

127, 129, 141, 291, 293, 296,

YOSHIMI Akihiro

吉見彰洋

viii, xv, 22, 23, 24, 29, 159, 195

298, 305

YOSHIMURA Takashi

YAMADA Taiichi
YAMADA Yuh

山田泰一

山田裕

YAMADA Yusuke

xvi

山田雄介

11, 12, 14

YAMAGAMI Masayuki

山上雅之

46

YAMAGUCHI Hidetoshi

山口英斉

19, 20, 21, 184

YAMAGUCHI Hiroyasu

山口博康

281, 282

YAMAGUCHI Koji

山口考司

YAMAGUCHI Kyoko

13

山口杏子

YAMAGUCHI Takayuki

193

山口貴之

i, viii, xiii, xv, 5, 15, 16,
24, 29, 159

YAMAGUCHI Yorito

山口頼人

YAMAGUCHI Yoshitaka

68

山口由高

viii, xv, 29, 159, 161,
197

YAMAKA Shoichi

山家捷一

293

YAMAKI Tsutomu

八巻務

302

YAMAMOTO Yasuo

山本安夫

YAMAMOTO Yoshihiro

59

山本純太

YAMANAKA Kahori

山中香

YAMAUCHI Hiromoto

山内啓資

YAMAZAKI Norio

209

xx, 284

山崎則夫

126, 291, 296, 298

165, 167, 169

YAMAZAKI Takeshi

山崎剛

YAMAZAKI Yasunori

山崎泰規

87, 88xiv, 17, 18, 187, 189, 229,
261, 273

YANAGISAWA Yoshiyuki

柳澤善行

viii, xv, 3, 4, 5, 7, 10,
13, 29, 157, 159, 161,
165, 169, 309

YANO Yasushige

矢野安重ix, xviii, 1, 126, 133, 135, 137,
150, 152, 157, 196, 291, 293,
296, 305, 309

YASUDA Yusuke
YEE Ho-Ung

安田裕介

5, 12, 186, 197

78

YOKKAICHI Satoshi

四日市悟

YOKOUCHI Shigeru

横内茂

吉田徹

YOSHINAGA Kenta

247

223

105, 113, 127, 129, 131, 135,
150, 152, 291, 293, 296

-x-

吉田知紘
228

吉村崇

吉永健太

YOSHINO Akira

吉野亮

ZANOTTI James87, 88165, 171, 175

268, 269, 270viii, xv, 5, 29, 159, 183, 184

165, 167, 169

独立行政法人理化学研究所加速器年次報告
印
発

刷
行

第42巻（2009）平成21年（2009）9月30日
平成21年（2009）9月30日
発行者

独立行政法人理化学研究所 仁科加速器研究センター
代表者
矢 野 安 重〒351-0198

埼玉県和光市広沢2番1号
電話（048）462-1111

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加速器年次報告編集委員会

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山形県山形市北町一丁目3-1