Ａ日

程〈出典一覧〉
国

語

西尾幹二

国

語

山中

裕

『ヨーロッパ像の転換』
秋山

虔

池田尚隆

福長

新潮社
進

校注・訳

『栄花物語』巻五 ｢浦々の別｣（『栄花物語』（1）新編日本古典文学全集 31
国

語

松村圭一郎

日本史

半済令（『建武以来追加』、原漢文）

日本史
日本史

『旋回する人類学』一部改変
観世能図（『洛中洛外図屏風』、部分）

松澤裕作

所収）

小学館
講談社
山川出版社
国立歴史民俗博物館蔵『生きづらい明治社会 －不安と競争の時代－』

岩波書店

世界史

「ナポレオンの戴冠式」（部分図）ダヴィド作

ユニフォトプレスインターナショナル

世界史「1808 年 5 月 3 日」ゴヤの 1814 年の作品

ユニフォトプレスインターナショナル

世界史「民衆を導く自由の女神」フランスのドラクロワの作品

ユニフォトプレスインターナショナル

Ａ日程

英語

Ａ

第１問

下の各文の

1

～

15

7.

に入る最も適切なものを，それぞれ A ～ D

European settlers arrived in North America in the 16th

7

A. So

B. WithC. Whether

D. When1

we gained some understanding of innate immunity.

A. if

B. because

C. whether

8. Teens who are
A. reserved

2. This is an informational website

2

B. designs

B. involved

3

D. contained

9. With a much more diverse society, people will hopefully become much
C. designed

more educated about andD. designing

A. impatient3.

C. abstained

to help travelers save time

when renewing their passports.
A. to designin sports and after school activities have lower

8

rates of tobacco and alcohol use.

D. thatof cultures other than their own.

9

B. received

C. tolerant

D. sufficienthaving a healthy diet and exercising, taking time to rest andrelax is equally important.
A. In addition to

10. The South Korean college entrance system requires all graduating

B. But for

C. Unlikehigh school students

D. Because of10

an entrance exam called the College

Scholastic Ability Test.
4. In the 20th century, the Communist Party of China simplified the
traditional characters extensively in order to promote
A. literacy

B. health

C. poverty

4

A. takingB. tookC. to takeD. are taken.
11. Many Americans believe that citizens should

D. medication

11

to carry guns

for protection against criminals.
5. Public schools in the United States of America

5basic education

A. allow

B. be allowed

C. excuseD. be excusedfrom kindergarten until the twelfth grade.
A. provide

B. benefit

C. receive

12. Japanʼs declining birthrate has economic and social implications

D. comesuch as lower economic growth, labor shortages,
6. One obvious quality possessed by all extraordinary leaderstheir ability to lead by example.
A. thatB. which

A. while
C. is

reducedB. forC. despite

D. andD. have

13. Some religious groups
A. prohibit

13

their members from fighting in wars.

B. suggest－1－

C. recommend

D. punish－2－

14. During the mid-1900s, the number of immigrants

14

to the

第２問

United States declined.
A. come12

educational capacity in regional communities.

6

次の対話が成立するように，

16

～

21

に入る最も適切なもの

を A ～ D の中から選び，解答欄のその記号をマークしなさい。

B. cameC. coming

D they came

Andy: What do you think the most popular food in the world is?
15.

15

Jane: Well, Iʼd probably say itʼs bread. After all, we eat bread at almost

the founding of public education in the United States, public

every meal, right?

schools have been charged with preparing students to be citizens inAndy:

a democracy.
A. Since

B. OverC. Until16

but if you consider what everyone in the world eats, theanswer is rice.

D. Once

Jane: Really? I guess there must be some people who eat a lot more ricethan we do.
Andy: There definitely are. According to an article I read, the average
person in Asia eats up to 135 kg of rice per year.
Jane: Wow!

17

I would have guessed. Why do you think people eat

so much rice?
Andy: Well,

18

that itʼs fairly easy to grow. In fact, rice grows on every

continent except Antarctica.
Jane: That makes sense. If

there wonʼt be so much of it available

19

for people to eat. But isnʼt bread becoming more popular thesedays? I heard that Japanese people, especially young people, areeating bread for breakfast now instead of rice.
Andy: Thatʼs partly true. According to the results of one survey, people
in the Tokyo area prefer bread to rice for breakfast. However, apersonʼs preference seems to20

People over 40 have a stronger

preference for bread than younger people.
Jane: Thatʼs interesting. I wonder what other differences there are
between the generationsʼ eating habits.
Andy: One interesting difference is that a lot more young people skip
breakfast. Only half of people in their 20s eat breakfast, but 90
percent of people in their 60s do.
－3－

－4－

7

程

1. Immunity has been intensively studied, but it was only recently

日

century, there were about 10 million native people there.

の中から一つ選び，解答欄のその記号をマークしなさい。

Ａ日程

英語

Jane:

21

I know a lot of people in their 20s who donʼt eat breakfast.

20. A. vary according to the location.

But most of the older people I know think that breakfast is really

B. influence the food.

important.

C. decrease among the population.

Andy: I guess that explains why young people donʼt have a strong

D. depend on their age.

preference for bread over rice.
Jane: What do you mean?

21. A. Iʼd disagree with that.

Andy: If people in their 20s skip breakfast so often, theyʼre probably soB. That doesnʼt surprise me.

hungry that theyʼre willing to eat either one.

C. Thatʼs half the difference.
D. Breakfast is the reason for that.

16. A. On the other hand,
B. In other words,
C. Thatʼs true,
D. I donʼt understand,

17. A. Thatʼs the article
B. Thatʼs the foodC. Thatʼs much more thanD. Thatʼs less bread than

18. A. one reason is
B. the result is
C. some disagree
D. it increases

19. A. a crop grows in a warm climate,
B. rice grows in Antarctica,
C. farmers focus on one crop,
D. something is hard to grow,
－5－

第３問

22

次の文章が完成するように，

－6－

～

27

drowned in Manila Bay. He was arrested by police in the Philippines afterに入る最も適切なもの

he was discovered alive in Manila, the Philippine capital. His wife andを A ～ D の中から選び，解答欄のその記号をマークしなさい。

son, who had assisted him in faking his death, were also arrested.
Faking Oneʼs Death

There are also rumors about people who are widely considered to be

Why would someone fake their own death? There are various possible

dead, but who supposedly faked their deaths. For example, for years

reasons. In the case of criminals, the advantages to being believed deadafter the death of American singer Elvis Presley, known as “The King ofinclude escaping the reach of law enforcement, as police will

theyRock ʼnʼ Roll,” there were reports of people having sighted him in various

consider no longer alive. Other reasons might be to collect life insurance

places such as airports and shopping malls. Some speculated that Presley

or even towanted the world to believe he was dead so that he could

23

22

an unpleasant relationship. A fictional example is27

and live

depicted in the 1979 film More American Graffiti, in which an Americana quiet, anonymous life. Itʼs firmly established that Presley died of a heartsoldier, in order to escape combat duty in the Vietnam War, fakes his own

attack in 1977, but perhaps many of his fans hoped against hope thatdeath in an explosion. There are also a number of real-life examples.

their idol might still be living somewhere.

Aimee Semple McPherson, a Canadian Christian preacher of the early
20th century, apparently faked her own death by drowning. In 1926, she
22. A. never give up seeking

went swimming at a beach near Los Angeles, California, and disappeared.
Despiteby US Coast Guard ships, no sign of McPherson, alive or

B. take a keen interest in

dead, was found. Reappearing five weeks later in Mexico, she claimed

C. refuse to comment upon

she had disappeared to evade a kidnapping attempt. The details behind

D. not seek out a suspect24

her disappearance were never confirmed. Her actual death occurred in1944 due to an apparently accidental overdose of sleeping pills.
In 1930 Aleister Crowley, the English occultist and author,

23. A. understand more about
25

as

B. remove oneself from

if he had committed suicide by jumping off a cliff in Portugal. In this plan

C. interpret data regarding

he had the assistance of his friend, the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa.

D. become more involved in

The exact reason for such an elaborate trick is unclear, but there has been
speculation that Crowley was attempting to end a relationship with a

24. A. an exhaustive searchwoman he had recently been seeing.

B. a lack of interest

Takashi Mori, a Japanese man living in the Philippines, faked his deathin 1995 so that his family could

26

C. various lectures

life insurance. There was even aD. equipment damage

fake death certificate and autopsy report, which stated that Mori had
－7－

－8－

8

Ａ

25. A. refused to confirm a story

第４問

次の文章を読み，その内容に基づいて要約を完成させなさい。要約を完び，解答欄

D. made it lookを２回使用することはできません。

28

～

33

のその記号をマークしなさい。同じ単語

26. A. receive millions of dollars in

The Tylenol Murder Case and Product Safety

B. study about the nature of

In 1982, in the United States, seven people died after taking Tylenol

C. fill out an application for

Extra Strength, an over-the-counter pain reliever. Tylenol is in capsule

D. avoid paying any

form, and someone had put cyanide, a deadly poison, into some of the
Tylenol capsules. Despite years of investigation, the person or persons
who committed this act of murder have never been officially identified.

27. A. earn even more money

For Johnson & Johnson, the company that made and sold Tylenol, thisB. escape the pressures of stardom
C. star in his own TV series

was a disaster. Tylenol was one of their top-selling products, and no one

D. assure everyone he was still alive

was going to buy a product they believed might kill them. The company
needed to make a public statement and come up with a plan of action.
The chairman of Johnson & Johnson, James Burke, brought together
a team of employees and directed them to focus on two points: first, how
to protect customers, and second, how to save Tylenol from going out ofbusiness. Burkeʼs priority on customer safety was to have a wide-ranging
impact not only on Johnson & Johnson, but on product safety standards
in general.
Johnson & Johnson at first warned the US public not to purchase or
consume any Tylenol products, saying also that they would investigate
the cause of the incident. Tylenol production and advertising were both
stopped, and a total recall of all Tylenol products was carried out acrossthe United States, even though the poisonings had occurred only within
the Chicago area. Johnson & Johnson also established a special toll-freephone number for people with questions or concerns about product safety.
The company announced its new policy on product packaging: when－9－

－ 10 －

you bought a bottle of Tylenol, it would be packaged inside of a box which【単語リスト】

was glued shut. The bottle itself would include a plastic seal circling theA. painkiller

B. food

C. searchedcap. Once the cap was removed, there would be a seal over the bottleʼsD. statement

E. reasoning

F. effect

mouth. If you have ever bought a bottle of Tylenol or other medicine at aG. belief

H. recalled

I. poisoned

drug store, this must seem very familiar to you, but in the early 1980s,

J. killers

K. bottle

L. decided

it was new. The safety packaging we now see as routine when buying

M. standard

N. profit

O. saw

medicine was a direct result of Johnson & Johnsonʼs response to the
Tylenol poisoning incident.
Many scholars and business analysts see Johnson & Johnsonʼs actions
as an example of how to deal with a crisis of this kind. As one writer
has put it, “They have effectively demonstrated how a major businesshas to handle a disaster.” Many business leaders and business students
have studied this case to be better prepared to deal with sudden andunexpected threats to their companies, and to better ensure the safetyof their customers.
Summary
Tylenol is a painkiller sold in the US. In 1982, seven people died after
taking Tylenol Extra Strength which had been
Though police extensively

29

28with cyanide.

for information and evidence about theincident, the murderer has never been positively identif ied. The Tylenol
poisoning case has had a lasting30

on how medicine is safely

delivered to consumers. Johnson & Johnson, the maker of Tylenol, madea public

31

urging people not to buy or use any Tylenol. Then thecompany

32

all Tylenol products from stores as a precaution. The

new form of packaging they later introduced, which included three productseals, is now

33

for all over-the-counter medicines.

－ 11 －－ 12 －

9程C. often promoted his work

日成させるために，最も適切なものを単語リスト（A ～ O）の中から選

B. published an essay

Ａ日程

第５問

英語

までの英文を

0.32 cars per household. This number will probably decline still further,

完成させるために最も適切なものを A ～ D の中から選び，解答欄のそのin part because the population is declining, but also because more and記号をマークしなさい。

more people are leaving the countryside, where owning a car may seem

次の文章を読み，その内容に基づいて

34

～

39

necessary, and moving to Tokyo, where it is not.
Moving Beyond Cars

Why is Tokyo so different from most cities in this regard? One reason

In rural areas where things are far apart, and public transportationis that, unlike in many other countries, official policy does not make it

is poor, cars can seem necessary. In well-planned cities, though, for mostcheap or easy for people to own cars. First, before you can buy a car, you

people, cars are not necessary. Things are close enough together thathave to prove that you have a parking space for it. That means that you

people can walk or ride their bicycles to the places they need to go, andeither have to own or rent a space to keep your car. Neither option isfor longer trips, public transportation such as trains, buses, and subways

cheap.
Then, once you have a car, you are required to have it inspected every

is available. Tokyo is a good example of a city like this. People in Tokyo

two years. Depending on what type of car it is and how old it is, this can

do not need cars.

cost between ¥50,000 and ¥100,000. That can add up to a lot of money

Some Tokyoites do have cars, of course, but they use them less than you

over the lifetime of the car.

might expect. In a recent article, excerpted from his book Carmageddon:
How Cars Make Life Worse and What to Do About It, author Daniel

In addition, there is very little free parking in Tokyo. If you drive

Knowles notes that, according to a study conducted by the management

somewhere in Tokyo, you will probably have to pay about ¥1,000 an hour

consultancy Deloitte, “Just 12 percent of journeys [in Tokyo] are completed

to park at your destination. It is easy to see why walking, riding bicycles,

by private car.” Knowles also points out that cars are less popular thanand taking public transportation are more attractive options.

bicycles, which account for 17 percent of journeys. And of course, most

If Tokyo drivers decide to take a trip outside the capital, they will likely

Tokyo residents take advantage of Tokyoʼs excellent public transportation

use one of the expressways running to, from, and through the city. Using

system. “Tokyo,” as Knowles points out, “has the most-used public

Japanese expressways is not free. According to Knowles, the tolls drivers

transport system in the world, with 30 million people commuting by train

pay to use these expressways are the most expensive in the world: about

each day.” In fact, Tokyo residents are less dependent on cars than the¥3,000 per 100 kilometers. This is another burden for drivers, but it isresidents of any other comparable city.

also one reason that public transportation is so successful. Trains are notfree either, but since the expressways also cost money, the playing fieldItʼs not just Tokyo. Japan as a whole seems less dependent on cars thanis level.

other developed countries. For example, 831 out of every 1,000 people in
the US own a car, but in Japan, the number is 624 out of every 1,000. In

Some other Asian cities also have low rates of car ownership and use.

Japan as a whole, Knowles reports, the rate of car ownership is low, justHong Kong, for example, has just 76 cars per 1,000 people, and Singapore

1.06 per household. In Tokyo, however, the rate is even lower than that:has 120 cars per 1,000 people. Some European cities, most notably－ 13 －－ 14 －

Amsterdam, have developed bicycle infrastructure and pedestrian zones

37. The author mentions parking and vehicle inspections to demonstratethat may succeed in making cars less appealing. These cities, as well as

thatTokyo, suggest how we might be moving toward a less car-centric style

A. Japanese cars are safe.

of urban living.

B. to own a car in Japan is difficult and expensive.

37

C. it is important to obey traffic rules.
D. driving is a popular form of recreation.

34. The author believes that

34

38. According to the passage, Japanese expressways are among theA. in rural areas, public transportation is not necessary.
B. cars are necessary in well-planned cities.

38

C. people should use cars and bicycles for longer trips.

A. best in the world.

D. Tokyo residents can live well without cars.

B. most expensive in the world.
C. safest in the world.

35. The statistics in the second paragraph of this essay demonstratethat

D. most crowded in the world.

35

39. In the last paragraph, the author suggests that Tokyo

A. in Tokyo, more journeys are taken by car than on foot.
B. more people in Tokyo should ride bicycles.

A. could be a model for how other cities develop.

C. in Tokyo, bicycles are used more than cars.

B. should try to be more like Hong Kong and Singapore.

D. trains in Tokyo are very crowded.

C. is far behind European cities like Amsterdam.
D. should be less car-centric than Amsterdam.

36. The author cites a statistic in the third paragraph showing that
most

36

A. people in the United States own cars.
B. Japanese families should not own cars.
C. residents of Tokyo depend on cars.
D. cars in Tokyo are Japanese.

－ 15 －－ 16 －

1039