Table of Contents

本書の使い方 How to Use the Book

61

Entrepreneur

Steve Jobs

USA

82Musicians

The Beatles

UK123

Military Leader

Alexander the Great Greece

16

4AthletePeléBrazil

20

5Designer

Coco Chanel

France24

6AstronautYuri Gagarin

Russia28

Review of Units 1 through 6 

32

7Filmmaker

Walt Disney

USA

36

8

Industrialist

Toyoda Eiji

Japan

40

9

Scientist

Albert Einstein

Switzerland

44

Audrey Hepburn

UK

48

Germany

52

Greece56

10 Actor

11 Medical Doctor Albert Schweitzer
12 MathematicianArchimedes

Review of Units 7 through 12 

60

4

13 Inventors

The Wright Brothers

14 Composer

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Austria

68

15 Artist

Pablo Picasso

Spain

72

16 Author

William Shakespeare

UK

76

17 Emperor

Emperor Meiji

Japan

80

18 ArchitectFrank Lloyd Wright

USA

84

64

USA

Review of Units 13 through 18 

88

19 Educator

Confucius

China

92

20 Explorer

Vasco da Gama

Portugal96

21 Statesman

Mikhail Gorbachev

Russia100

Greece104

22 Philosopher Socrates
23 Conductor

Herbert von Karajan

Austria108

24 Activist

Martin Luther King, Jr.

USA

112

Review of Units 19 through 24 116

5

How to Use the Book
This textbook is divided into 24 units, each based on a short biography of an outstanding
person in a field of work. Each unit consists of four pages.
Below the picture you are given three questions that will help you start thinking about
the topic in the unit. At the bottom of the page, you will see a list of words and phrases thatappear in the main passage on the next page. This passage is a summary of the person’s life
and accomplishments. On the third page are five multiple-choice questions on the passage.
The last page consists of a set of six sentences each with missing words to be filled in and aset of six word-guessing exercises based on the vocabulary on the first page.
1. Warm-Up Questions
You are to answer the three questions in English. Try to answer them in complete
sentences and give as much information as you can. Since class time is limited, itwould be best for you to prepare your answers before class.
2. Biographical Sketch
Before studying the passage, try to familiarize yourself with the vocabulary
before class. This will help you understand the passage.
In class, you are to listen to the passage recorded on a CD.
3. Comprehension Questions
Without referring to the passage, answer the five questions. After you havefinished, read the passage to see if you have answered them correctly.
4. Dictation-Cloze
Listen to the CD and fill in the missing words. These words are taken from usefulexpressions in the biographical sketch.
5. Read and Guess
Without referring to the vocabulary, listen to the CD and read each set of hints
and try to guess the word or phrase described and write it in the space provided.

6

How to Use the Book

本書の使い方
本書は 24 課から成っています。それぞれの課は，ある分野に卓越した人の短い伝記に基づいています。各課 4 ページの構成です。
（1 ページ目の）写真の下には 3 つの質問があり，課のトピックの理解を助けるものとなっています。
ページ下部には，次ページ（2 ページ目）の本文に現れる語句のリストがあります。本文は，ある著名人の人生や業績についての要約です。3 ページ目には，本文について 5 つの内容を問う選択肢問題があります。最終ページ（4 ページ目）には，空欄補充の問題が 6 つと，冒頭ページの語句に基づいた語彙類推問題が 6 つあります。

1. Warm-Up Questions
英語で 3 つの質問に答えてください。それぞれ（断片的でなく）完全な文章で答え，できるだけ多くの情報を盛り込むようにしてみてください。授業の時間は限られているので，授業前に解答を準備しておくとよいでしょう。

2. Biographical Sketch
本文を学ぶ前に，授業前に vocabulary に慣れておくようにしてください。本文の理解が深まるでしょう。
授業では，CD に録音された本文を聞くことになります。

3. Comprehension Questions
本文を見ないで，5 つの質問に答えてください。解答が終わったら，正しく答えられたかどうかを確かめるために，本文を読んでください。

4. Dictation-Cloze

CD を聞いて， 空 欄の語 句を聞き取ってください。 こうした語 句は Biographical
Sketch の中の役立つ表現から選ばれています。
5. Read and Guessvocabulary を参照せずに，CD を聞いてヒントを読み，示された語句を類推して空欄に書き入れてください。

7

1 Entrepreneur Steve Jobs (1955-2011)

Matthew Yohe (2010)

1. Warm-Up Questions

次の質問に英語で答えなさい。

1. Have you ever used an iPhone, iPad, iPod, or iMac?
2. How have modern electronics products changed your life?
3. Who do you think is the greatest business leader that ever lived?

VOCABULARY for the Biographical Sketch:transform〜を一変させる

新出単語に慣れましょう。

visionarybe committed to ~ 〜に専心する
have an eye for ~101

先見の明がある

uncompromising 妥協しない〜を見る目がある

dimension側面

a cross between ~ and ... 〜と…を合わせたようなもの
revolutionize〜に革命を起こす

unwed

未婚のadoption

養子縁組

remarkable

注目すべきdrop out of ~〜を中退する

enlightenment

啓発come out with ~（新製品）を発表する

commencement

卒業式

8

1 Steve Jobs

2. Biographical Sketch

102

次の文章を読みなさい。

A brief anecdote can sometimes give you an insight into a person＇s character.

1Steve Jobs persuaded the president of a cola company to join him at Apple
Computer by asking if he wanted to continue working for a company that only
made soft drinks or if he would rather help change the world.
Steve Jobs had a vision for the future of technology, and he had a firm belief

5that it would transform the way we live. He hired people who were also
visionary and committed to perfection and he made them leaders at Apple.
However, Jobs was not an easy person to work for. He was uncompromising anddemanded the best from all his employees. Jobs had an eye for beautiful designand insisted that products had to be easy to use as well as look good.

10In 1998, beginning with the stylish iMac computer, Steve Jobs introduced astring of widely known products and services that continued right up until hisdeath in 2011. The iMac made computers stylish. The iPod changed the way welisten to music; the iPhone added a whole new dimension to communication; theiPad was a cross between a computer and a smart phone; and the iTunes Store15

revolutionized how we shop for music.
The level of success Steve Jobs achieved is surprising when we consider thathe was the child of unwed parents who gave him up for adoption. What heaccomplished is even all the more remarkable because he dropped out ofcollege after just one semester, and traveled to India to seek spiritual

20enlightenment. Upon returning to the U.S., he had no money, but he had big
dreams and confidence in his own abilities. He sold his Volkswagen to getenough money to begin building computer parts in his garage. In 1976, Jobs andtwo of his friends formed Apple, and a mere two years later, the company cameout with the world＇s first mass-market personal computer.

25

Jobs＇ motto was ＂ think different.＂ In a 2005 commencement speech at
Stanford University in California, he said to the graduates, ＂Stay hungry, stayfoolish.＂ What he meant was not ever to be satisfied with the present and not to
let anything stop them from searching for something they really love to do.
By the time Jobs passed away, Apple was one of the richest technology
companies in the world. He had done what he had promised himself: he hadchanged the world.

930

3. Check Your Understanding

103

正しい答えを選びなさい。

1. What did Steve Jobs insist?
a. That his employees had to have advanced college degrees.
b. That his employees had to undergo a period of on-the-job training.
c. That his products had to be easy to use.
d. That his products had to be reasonably priced and long-lasting.
2. Which is NOT mentioned as a product introduced by Steve Jobs?
a. The iMac.
b. The iBook.
c. The iPhone.
d. The iPad.
3. Which of the following is true about Steve Jobs when he was a child?
a. He spent much of his childhood in India.
b. He had a great interest in electronics.
c. His parents always took good care of him.
d. His parents gave him up for adoption.
4. What did Jobs do right after returning from India?
a. He appeared on the cover of a famous magazine.
b. He started building computer parts in his garage.
c. He dropped out of college.
d. He entered a famous university.
5. What was Jobsʼ motto?
a. Think different.
b. No pains, no gains.
c. Where there＇s a will, there＇s a way.
d. Haste makes waste.

10

1 Steve Jobs

4. Dictation-Cloze104（CD を聞いて，）内の語句を聞き取りなさい。

1. We have ().

2. He＇s really good () he is still a child.

3. Her advisor () the advanced course.

4. Finding a job is () these days.

5. We had () before losing in the finals.

6. His friends have (5. Read and Guess).
105

相当する語句を，VOCABULARY から選んで書きなさい。

1. Apple did this to a variety of products such as iMac, the iPod, the iPad, andthe iPhone.


2. Steve Jobs was this type of boss. He refused to accept anything that hedid not consider to be of top quality.


3. Steve Jobs gave a speech at this event at Stanford University. This event isheld at the end of the school year. This word means ＂graduation.＂

4. Steve Jobs＇ parents were this way when he was born. That is, they werenot married.


5. Steve Jobs was this way. He could see what kind of things would be usefulto people in the future.


6. Steve Jobs＇ accomplishments were this way when we think about hischildhood. This word means ＂ very surprising.＂
11

Review of Units 1 through 6
1. Guess the Meaning（1 × 10 = 10）

太字の語句にふさわしい説明を選び，記号で答えなさい。

1. Pelé has given heartfelt advice to children raised in poverty.
2. Jobsʼ unwed parents gave him up for adoption.
3. The Beatles influenced the music of an entire generation.
4. Yuri Gagarin has served as a symbol of manʼs bravery.
5. Beatlemania swept Great Britain and all of Europe.
6. The iPad was a cross between a computer and a smart phone.
7. Pelé was credited with helping promote soccer in the US.
8. Alexander reluctantly headed back because his army was tired.
9. Chanel is still one of the most recognized fashion brands.
10. Alexander was proclaimed King of Persia.
a. 養子縁組b. 世代

c. 認められたd. 〜に広まった

e. 装置を扱う人

f. 心からのg. 〜で高い評価を得た

h. 貧しいi. 〜と…を合わせたようなもの

j. 勇気

k. 〜と宣言された

l. しぶしぶと

2. Guess the Word

（2 × 5 = 10）

説明に当てはまる語句を選び，記号で答えなさい。

1.

The iTunes store did this for how we shop for music. That is, it hascompletely changed the way people buy their music.

2.

Coco Chanelʼs business did this after she returned to Paris in 1954.
That is, many people were interested in buying her products.

32

Review of Units 1 through 6

3.

Alexander the Great was a successful military leader because hewas this way as well as being brave. In other words, he was a fastthinker.

4.

John Lennon and Paul McCartney did this to the music and lyrics
for about 180 songs. That is, they composed and wrote the musicand lyrics.

5.

Yuri Gagarin was one. This is a person who goes up in a spaceshipand explores outer space.

a. cosmonautb. quick-witted

c. manual laborer

d. revolutionized

e. flourishedf. penned

3. Summarization（3 × 5 = 15）

1〜5 は，それぞれの課の要約です。空欄を補充して，文章を完成させなさい。
1. Coco Chanel is famous for designing funique phclothes and. In 1910, she opened her first store, which was ashop.

2. Steve Jobs greatly c

the way we live. For example, heintroduced the iMac cmany pin 1998. Later, he helped develop
including the iPod and the iPhone.

3. Pelé is considered to be the greatest s

became famous while he was still yplayer in history. He. He helped Brazil w

the1958 World Cup by scoring five goals.
4. Yuri Gagarin was R

and the fthe earth. He was chosen partly because of his s33

person ever to orbitsize.

5. John Lennon and Paul McCartney started working tin

the 1950s. Later, George Harrison and Ringo Starr jthem toform the Beatles. The Beatles first produced many hit songs in Englandand later became pin America.

4. Multiple-Choice（1 × 5 = 5）

1〜5 の問いに対して正しい答えを選び，記号で答えなさい。
1. What kind of clothes did Chanel design for women?
a. Colorful clothes.
b. Loose-fitting clothes.
c. Tight-fitting clothes.
2. How did Gagarin feel just before his space flight?
a. Very excited.
b. Nervous.
c. Calm
3. What famous company did Steve Jobs help start?
a. Apple.
b. Microsoft.
c. Google.
4. How was Pelé when he was young?
a. He was good in science.
b. He was very rich.
c. He was quite poor.
5. What great contribution did Alexander make to the world?
a. He saved many world treasures from destruction.
b. He helped make the Renaissance possible.
c. He saved the Roman Empire from a Persian invasion.

34

Review of Units 1 through 6

5. Composition（2 × 5 = 10）

日本語に合うように語句を並べかえて英文を作り，記号で答えなさい。

1. 有権者の大半は増税に反対だ。

()(a. voters)(b. of)()(c. are againstd. the) the tax increase.
e. majority

2. ガガーリンは同僚の間で非常に人気があった。

Gagarin ()()()(

a. his peers

b. wasc. veryd. among)().

e. popular

3. シャネルは，ファションはドレスに限られたものではないと言った。

Chanel said that ()()()()()

dresses.
a. fashionb. toc. is notd. somethinge. limited

4. 彼は南ギリシャを征服するために，父親に加わった。

He ()()(

a. inb. southern)()() Greece.

c. his father

d. joinede. conquering

5. ブラジルは，愛称を使う長い伝統を持っている。

Brazil ()()(a. a longb. hasc. using)(
d. of35)(e. tradition) nicknames.