GEOSS Joint Asia-Africa
Water Cycle Symposium

University of Tokyo
25 – 27 November 2013

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
Speeches:
His Excellency Mr. Farukh Amil, Ambassador of Pakistan
His Excellency Mr. Madan Kumar Bhattarai, Ambassador of Nepal
Key Notes:
Douglas Cripe, Group on Earth Observations (GEO)
Toshio Koike, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Panel Discussion:•Masami Fuwa, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)•Venkatachalam Anbumozhi, Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)•Masayuki Tamagawa, African Development Bank (AfDB)•Mikio Ishiwatari, World Bank (WB)
•Yoshiaki Kinoshita, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science andTechnology (MEXT)•Yusuke Amano, Ministry of Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT)•Douglas Cripe, Group on Earth Observations (GEO)•Toshio Koike, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
Speeches:
His Excellency Mr. Farukh Amil, Ambassador of Pakistan
His Excellency Mr. Madan Kumar Bhattarai, Ambassador of Nepal
Key Notes:
Douglas Cripe, Group on Earth Observations (GEO)
Toshio Koike, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Panel Discussion:•Masami Fuwa, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)•Venkatachalam Anbumozhi, Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)•Masayuki Tamagawa, African Development Bank (AfDB)•Mikio Ishiwatari, World Bank (WB)
•Yoshiaki Kinoshita, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science andTechnology (MEXT)•Yusuke Amano, Ministry of Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT)•Douglas Cripe, Group on Earth Observations (GEO)•Toshio Koike, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)

GEOSS Response: Work Plan
1 Infrastructure• Observation networks• Access to EO
2 Institutions & Develoment• Data Sharing• Capacity Building
3 Societal Benefits• Water Task
• Coordination© GEO Secretariat

Observational Data/Information Needs
Global observations of water cycle variables
needed for 4 purposes:• to characterize variability, explore predicitability of
global energy and water cycle (requires longterm
records of significant climate and hydrologic
indicators)• to understand complex processes involved in global
energy and water cycle in order to model them• to initialize models (NWP, GCM/RCM/CRM) (requires
observation-based determination of relevant stateparameters)• to develop decision support products/applications for
managment/sustainable develoment of the world’s
water resources (and other water-dependent
environmental resources)© GEO Secretariat

Sustainable Development
Coordinated and Integrated Efforts for Working
Together

Regime Shift
Extremes

ClimateSystemFlood/Drought

Water
Cycle

Water
Resources
Management
SystemLand Use/ Urbanization
Agriculture/Food
Water Quality/ Material Flow/ Health
EnergyBiodiversity/Ecosystem

Water is a Key
bridging between climate processes and societal benefits.

(Richard H. Moss, et al., Nature, 2010)

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
Speeches:
His Excellency Mr. Farukh Amil, Ambassador of Pakistan
His Excellency Mr. Madan Kumar Bhattarai, Ambassador of Nepal
Key Notes:
Douglas Cripe, Group on Earth Observations (GEO)
Toshio Koike, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Panel Discussion:•Masami Fuwa, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)•Venkatachalam Anbumozhi, Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)•Masayuki Tamagawa, African Development Bank (AfDB)•Mikio Ishiwatari, World Bank (WB)
•Yoshiaki Kinoshita, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science andTechnology (MEXT)•Yusuke Amano, Ministry of Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism(MLIT)•Douglas Cripe, Group on Earth Observations (GEO)•Toshio Koike, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
1.Considering the overall area of your responsibility and trends, what are
the information needs that will increase in the future in your geographic
area ?
2.What types of decisions does your organization make in relation to water
and water management? Where do you get your information to assist in
making these decisions?
3.How could the existing information available in the local communities for
decision making be improved (quantity, accuracy, timeliness, access, etc)?
4.In assessing the priorities for supporting water activities how does youragency decide which projects should receive funding?

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
1.Considering the overall area of your responsibility and trends, what are
the information needs that will increase in the future in your geographic
area ?
2.What types of decisions does your organization make in relation to water
and water management? Where do you get your information to assist in
making these decisions?
3.How could the existing information available in the local communities for
decision making be improved (quantity, accuracy, timeliness, access, etc)?
4.In assessing the priorities for supporting water activities how does youragency decide which projects should receive funding?

Floods and Land
Slides

Water
Pollution
andEcosystem
Degradation

Drought and Water Scarcity
Climate Change
Impacts
on Water Cycle

Access to Water

ClimateChangeEcosystem
Degradation•

HealthOn track to meet the MDG
drinking water target:
only 26 of the 53 countries

FoodTrans-boundary• WaterRivers
related diseases:
more than 80%  deaths
for children under 5•

Drought

DisastDeficient agricultural water
management: e.g. only
10% of irrigable lands are
actually irrigated in WA.

Agriculture
Livestock

Hydropower
development
Flood • Waterbasinsserve< 7% of the potential
as a basis for• 5-25% of GDP due toregionaldroughts cooperationand floods inaffected
countries
anddevelopment.
•

Climate impacts are
greatest in poor countries.

Energ
y

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
1.Considering the overall area of your responsibility and trends, what are
the information needs that will increase in the future in your geographic
area ?
2.What types of decisions does your organization make in relation to water
and water management? Where do you get your information to assist in
making these decisions?
3.How could the existing information available in the local communities for
decision making be improved (quantity, accuracy, timeliness, access, etc)?
4.In assessing the priorities for supporting water activities how does youragency decide which projects should receive funding?

Strategies for Adaptive Capacity Building
Stakeholders:

MAINSTREAMING• Policy Makers & Planners

SECTORAL ADAPTIVE CAPACITY• Knowledge institutes• Community organizations• Private companies•Development partners

TARGETTEDCOMMUNICATION

Step 3: Pilot activities involving
governments, private sectors &CBO

Step 2: Targeted information & training for
Policy makers and planners
AWARNESSRAISING
Step 1: Building Scientific understanding & Capacity

Year:
15

PILOT
INVESTMENTS

Step 4: Building lessons to policy
to make adaptation part of BAU

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Observation, Projection, and Integration
Promotion
Strategy on
Earth
Observation

Earth Observation
 Observing the ocean, land and atmosphere by earth observing
satellites research vessels, buoy etc.
①Satellite observation data
Satellite remote sensing②Ocean Observation data
Triton buoy
Argo float③Land observation data
Moisturization of Siberian Area

 Generating projection information applicable to adaptation
using the Earth Simulator (a super computer)
Earth Simulator
Integration
 Providing the scientifically and socially valuable informationby processing various kinds of earth observation data toforeign or domestic institutes

Needs
Needs

Overseas Institutes

Observation based on needs

Projection

Promotion of data use/sharing

GOSAT

DIAS

Contribution to social needs

Climate Change, Water resource management, Prevention or reduction ofdisasters, Weather, Energy, Agriculture/Desert, Biodiversity etc.

16

JICA’s cooperation in formulation of
National Water Resources Master Plans
Macedonia(1999)

The study on integrated water resources
development and management master plan

Bulgaria(2008)

The Study on Integrated Water Management

Nigeria(1995 and 2011)

The Study on the National Water Resources
Master Plan
Review and Update of the Nigeria National
Water Resources Master Plan

Vietnam(2003)

The study on nationwide water resources development and management

Kenya(1992)

The study on national water master plan

Cote d'Ivoire(2001)
Master plan study on
integrated water
resources management

Kenya(2010)

Development of the National
Water Master Plan 2030

Zambia(1995)

The study on the national water
resources master plan

Philippines(1998)

Master plan study on water resourcesmanagement

Malaysia(1982)

National Water Resources Study

Proposed goals by the High-Level Panel (May 2013)
Goal 1:End poverty
Goal 2:Empower girls and women andachieve gender equality
Goal 3:Provide quality educationand lifelong learning
Goal 4:Ensure healthy lives
Goal 5:Ensure food security andgood nutrition
Goal 6:Achieve universal access towater and sanitation
Goal 7:Secure sustainable energy Target 1d ”Build resilience and reduce
deaths from natural disasters by x%” 6a. Provide universal access to safe
drinking water at home, and inschools, health centers, and refugeecamps
 6b. End open defecation and ensure
universal access to sanitation at
school and work, and increase accessto sanitation at home by x% 6c. Bring freshwater withdrawals inline with supply and increase water
Goal 8:Create jobs, sustainableefficiency in agriculture by x%,
livelihood, and equitable growthindustry by y% and urban areas byGoal 9:Manage natural resource assetsz%sustainable 6d. Recycle or treat all municipal and
Goal 10:Ensure good governance andindustrial wastewater prior toeffective institutions
discharge
Goal 11:Ensure stable and peaceful TargetTarget on
on disasterdisaster risk
risk reduction
reductionsocieties
Goal 12:Create a global enabling Independent
Independent water
water && sanitation
sanitation goal
goal
environment and catalyze TargetTarget on
on wastewater
wastewater treatment
treatment
long-term financeSource: “The Report of the High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015 Development Agenda” (May 2013) <http://www.un.org/sg/management/beyond2015.shtml> 18

Road to Post-2015 Development Framework
Road to Post-2015 MDGs
May 2013

May 2013

Global Platform 2013

High Level Panel Report
2014

SIDS Conf.

July 2013

2014

2014

Inter governmental
Preparatory process
for WCDRR

May 2014

ECOSOC

Mar. 2015

UN World Conference on
Disaster Risk Reduction
2015

HFA2 Endorsement
by UN/GA Resolution

HFA2 – Post 2015 Framework for DRR

Rio +20(UN Conference on Sustainable Development)
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) was proposed.

SG Report

May 2014

OECD Ministerial
Regional Platforms, etc. Council Meeting

June 2012

Sep. 25. 2013

Special Event for MDGs
68th Session of General AssemblyMar. 2013- Aug. 2014

SDGs
Open Working Group・Sole running inter-governmental
working group
・SDGs is agreed to be integrated topost MDGs at RIO +20

Sep. 2014

Discussions at various fora

SDGs Report

Inter Governmental Negotiation

2014

69th Session of General Assembly
Decision Making by UN Member States

Summit for post 2015 Dev. Framework 2015
UN/GA Resolution(70th Session of GA)

Post - 2015 Development Framework

2016 -

19

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
1.Considering the overall area of your responsibility and trends, what are
the information needs that will increase in the future in your geographic
area ?
2.What types of decisions does your organization make in relation to water
and water management? Where do you get your information to assist in
making these decisions?
3.How could the existing information available in the local communities for
decision making be improved (quantity, accuracy, timeliness, access, etc)?
4.In assessing the priorities for supporting water activities how does youragency decide which projects should receive funding?

Water-Climate-Agriculture Workbench in Cambodia

Stakeholder Meeting

Real-time Rain Gauge  Satellite Data Correction
 Wide Data Dissemination
Famers’ Needs & Experiences

Nation-wide Daily Soil
Moisture from Satellite
Holistic View of Water-Climate-Agriculture Problems

Local Information

Climate Change Analysis Tools

OJT for Local Practitioners

Water Cycle-Rice Production
Coupled Model

Rice Production MonitoringCo-design and Co-produce through discussions
with users and stakeholders

23

Session 2 GEOSS Capability and Needs of Stakeholders
Chaired by Dr. Richard Lawford
1.Considering the overall area of your responsibility and trends, what are
the information needs that will increase in the future in your geographic
area ?
2.What types of decisions does your organization make in relation to water
and water management? Where do you get your information to assist in
making these decisions?
3.How could the existing information available in the local communities for
decision making be improved (quantity, accuracy, timeliness, access, etc)?
4.In assessing the priorities for supporting water activities how does youragency decide which projects should receive funding?

EXTERNAL - Global

INTERNAL - developing Asia

Climate change funds:
global and ADB initiatives
Mitigation

Adaptation

Both

Clean Energy Financing
Partnership Facility($90 m)Small Grants for Promoting
Climate Change Adaptation($1.2 m)Climate Change Fund($40 m)Carbon Market Initiative Funds
 Asia-Pacific Carbon Fund($151 m to 2012) Future Carbon Fund(target $100m for post
2012)

Global Environment Facility(GEF) Climate Change Focal
Area($250 m/ year)
Clean Technology Fund of the
Climate Investment Funds(WB as Trustee)(target $5 b for 2009-2012)

Water Financing Partnership
Facility($65 m, including adaptation)
Poverty and Environment Fund($3.6 m, including adaptation)

Least Developed Countries Fund
(GEF as administrator)($189 m - $58m committed)
Strategic Priority on Adaptation(art of GEF Trust Fund)($50 m – now fully committed)
Adaptation Fund
(GEF as administrator incooperation with UNFCCC)($100 m)Special Climate Change Fund
(GEF as administrator)(adaptation priority, $80m - $67m
committed; mitigation, target$15m)
Strategic Climate Fund of the
Climate Investment Funds(WB Trustee)
Target:- Pilot Program for Climate
Resilience $500 m- Forest Investment Prog. $500 m- Greening Energy Access $500 m

Japanese ODA and JICA
• JICA is the implementing agency of Japanese bilateral
ODA• An agreement between governments of a recipient
country and Japan, based on an official request throughthe diplomatic channel, is a prerequisite
FY 2012 Budget

JICA
Grant Aid※
Bilateral
Aid

Technical Cooperation

ＯＤＡ(Official
Development
Assistance)

Loan Aid (ODA loan)

Grant:161.6 bil.JPY（）

Around 70% is
implemented by JICA

Technical Cooperation:
145.4 bil. JPY）(General Account Expenditure
BudgetBilateral Loan:
880.0 bil. JPY（）

Loan and Investment
Plan

Multilateral
AidInternational Organizations※Non-project Assistance and Emergency Grant Assistance remain with MOFA

Session3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
Speeches:
His Excellency Mr. Francois OUBIDA, Ambassador of Burkina Faso
Dr. Sivaji Chadaram, Counsellor, Embassy of India
Key Notes:
Srikantha Herath, United Nation University (UNU)
Shigeo Ochi, Ministry of Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)
Panel Discussion•Srikantha Herath, United Nation University (UNU)•Tadashige Kawasaki, Network of Asian River Basin Organizations(NARBO)•Akio Takemoto, Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN)•Andre Nonguierma, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa(UNECA)•Ghulam Rasul, Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD)•Richard Lawford, Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations (IGWCO)•Chu Ishida, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

Session3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
Speeches:
His Excellency Mr. Francois OUBIDA, Ambassador of Burkina Faso
Dr. Sivaji Chadaram, Counsellor, Embassy of India
Key Notes:
Srikantha Herath, United Nation University (UNU)
Shigeo Ochi, Ministry of Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)
Panel Discussion•Srikantha Herath, United Nation University (UNU)•Tadashige Kawasaki, Network of Asian River Basin Organizations(NARBO)•Akio Takemoto, Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN)•Andre Nonguierma, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa(UNECA)•Ghulam Rasul, Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD)•Richard Lawford, Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations (IGWCO)•Chu Ishida, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

29

30

IWRM at Rio +20
Rio +20 Outcome Document “ The Future We Want”
Want” (June 2012)
Water and sanitation……………………………………………………………………
120. We reaffirm the commitments made in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementationand Millennium Declaration regarding halving by 2015 the proportion of people
without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation and the development ofintegrated water resources management and water efficiency plans, ensuring
sustainable water use. We commit to the progressive realization of access to safe andaffordable drinking water and basic sanitation for all, as necessary for poverty
eradication, women’s empowerment, and to protect human health, and to
significantly improve the implementation of integrated water resource management
at all levels as appropriate. In this regard, we reiterate our commitments to support
these efforts in particular in developing countries through the mobilization of
resources from all sources, capacity building and technology transfer.
http://www.un.org/en/sustainablefuture/……………………………………………………………………

“Global Map and IWRM for Sustainable Development” Seminar
by MLIT, Japan at Rio +20 Japan Pavilion

31“Flood Management in Japan” Short Lecture
by MLIT, Japan at Rio +20 GEO boothIWRM guideline and NARBO(Network of Asian River Basin Organization)
River Basin Organization (RBO)
National, Provincial
and Regional
Organizations

Regional
Knowledge Partners

DonorsNARBO members
82 organizations
from
17countries
in Asianmonsoon Area

GlobalKnowledge Partners

SupportIWRM guideline at River Basin Level
32

Session3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
Speeches:
His Excellency Mr. Francois OUBIDA, Ambassador of Burkina Faso
Dr. Sivaji Chadaram, Counsellor, Embassy of India
Key Notes:
Srikantha Herath, United Nation University (UNU)
Shigeo Ochi, Ministry of Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)
Panel Discussion•Srikantha Herath, United Nation University (UNU)•Tadashige Kawasaki, Network of Asian River Basin Organizations(NARBO)•Akio Takemoto, Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN)•Andre Nonguierma, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa(UNECA)•Ghulam Rasul, Pakistan Meteorological Department (PMD)•Richard Lawford, Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations (IGWCO)•Chu Ishida, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

Session3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
1.What can the Earth observation community do to address the needs ofstakeholders in terms of providing information about the water cycle for IWRM?
2.What opportunities should be provided in terms of (1) developing Capacity Building
Programs for practitioners, administrators and decision makers; and (2) harmonizing
Earth observation missions in the area of IWRM with funding activities of
stakeholders? What role do you see for GEO to play in facilitating these activities?
3.It goes without saying that in-situ networks for water cycle variables are criticallyimportant, both for the precise nature of the information they provide, and also as ameans to validate satellite retrievals and model outputs. Yet, no comparable
coordination body such as the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS)
exists for in-situ networks. Moreover, it is often said that in-situ networks worldwide
are not only not keeping pace, but most systems are actually in decline. How do we
provide an international coordination body that would act to reverse this trend anddraw attention to the importance of sustaining and expanding in-situ networks forwater cycle variables? Are there specific items that AWCI and AfWCCI can address
or implement to deal with this issue?
4.The concept of IWRM was refined subsequent to the World Summit on Sustainable
Development in 2002, Johannesburg, and it was the Global Water Partnership's
definition of IWRM that has been widely accepted. It states:

Session3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
1.What can the Earth observation community do to address the needs ofstakeholders in terms of providing information about the water cycle for IWRM?
2.What opportunities should be provided in terms of (1) developing Capacity Building
Programs for practitioners, administrators and decision makers; and (2) harmonizing
Earth observation missions in the area of IWRM with funding activities of
stakeholders? What role do you see for GEO to play in facilitating these activities?
3.It goes without saying that in-situ networks for water cycle variables are criticallyimportant, both for the precise nature of the information they provide, and also as ameans to validate satellite retrievals and model outputs. Yet, no comparable
coordination body such as the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS)
exists for in-situ networks. Moreover, it is often said that in-situ networks worldwide
are not only not keeping pace, but most systems are actually in decline. How do we
provide an international coordination body that would act to reverse this trend anddraw attention to the importance of sustaining and expanding in-situ networks forwater cycle variables? Are there specific items that AWCI and AfWCCI can address
or implement to deal with this issue?
4.The concept of IWRM was refined subsequent to the World Summit on Sustainable
Development in 2002, Johannesburg, and it was the Global Water Partnership's
definition of IWRM that has been widely accepted. It states:

Status of the IWRM Concept
The concept of IWRM remains valid today because it provides a framework
for integration within river basins. It is of particular importance for Earthobservations because it strengthens the rationale for global mapping and free dataexchange.
Earth observations can provide a platform for strengthening IWRM since satellite
data products are spatially consistent and are not constrained by borders.
IWRM is difficult to implement in transboundary basins because of national or state
differences, priorities and related issues of trust. Can the benefits of Earth Observations
provide a reason for nations to lower their barriers and work together for a common goal?
In areas where Basin authorities exist it is important for GEO to support their efforts toimplement IWRM.
IWRM has implications for water use for a number of sectors, many of which may resist
the implementation of IWRM. Where basin authorities do not exist, it is better to startsmall with a Nexus like the WEF Nexus to see if a coordinated effort for a transboundarybasin can begin for water in this set of sectors and then be broadened to a wider
rage of sectors.

Progress of IWRM

5.Recognizing & identifying
2. Conceptualizing

3. Coordinating &planning

1.Recognizing & identifying
4. Implementing,monitoring & evaluating

IWRM
ProcessIWRM planning• What do we need to know
– Resource availability: water– Rainfall; intensity and temporal distribution– Land cover/land use changes• Challenge: estimate resources (rain) and demands
under global change• Downscaling future climate projections to local
scale• Incorporating uncertainty : adaptive futureplanning• Develop local capacity for longterm planningSession3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
1.What can the Earth observation community do to address the needs ofstakeholders in terms of providing information about the water cycle for IWRM?
2.What opportunities should be provided in terms of (1) developing Capacity Building
Programs for practitioners, administrators and decision makers; and (2) harmonizing
Earth observation missions in the area of IWRM with funding activities of
stakeholders? What role do you see for GEO to play in facilitating these activities?
3.It goes without saying that in-situ networks for water cycle variables are criticallyimportant, both for the precise nature of the information they provide, and also as ameans to validate satellite retrievals and model outputs. Yet, no comparable
coordination body such as the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS)
exists for in-situ networks. Moreover, it is often said that in-situ networks worldwide
are not only not keeping pace, but most systems are actually in decline. How do we
provide an international coordination body that would act to reverse this trend anddraw attention to the importance of sustaining and expanding in-situ networks forwater cycle variables? Are there specific items that AWCI and AfWCCI can address
or implement to deal with this issue?
4.The concept of IWRM was refined subsequent to the World Summit on Sustainable
Development in 2002, Johannesburg, and it was the Global Water Partnership's
definition of IWRM that has been widely accepted. It states:

Capacity Development ProgramsLong term in depth
2w - 1 m
project teams

project teams• The programs should not be a one timeevent
• Should not develop programs to train
specific teams but rather develop
programs that can be used to train teams.
• Programs should consist of long term in
depth courses as well as short term handson training, that are run independently.
• GEO can provide valuable support to these
programs by providing global to local
connectivity, information on datarepositories and their use, and supporting
continuity through pilot projects (fieldstations)

Short term hands on
training 5 - 10d

Integrating Education, Research andCapacity Development• Higher Education Sector to customize global knowledge and leaddevelopment• Capacity development programs for training a large number ofinternational competent professionals and policymakers.

National training programsfor researchers andpractitioners
Supporting Post
graduate Research

Pilot Projects
Training of trainers
local Gov. & Uni.

Dissemination of results to policy makers

i ; GEO-UNESCO Joint Workshop on Earth Observations andCapacity Development for Integrated Water Resources
Management at River Basins in Africa(Nairobi, KENYA 12-16 January, 2012)
ii ; The 5th GEOSS Asia-Pacific Symposium, The 9th AWCIInternational Coordination Group (ICG) Meeting and theWorkshop on Climate Change Adaptation organized by APWF
(Tokyo, 2-4 April, 29 September-2 October, 2012)

Nairobi, Kenya ,12 - 16 January 2012

GEOSSGEOSS-AP Symposium in Tokyo, 2012

Session3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
1.What can the Earth observation community do to address the needs ofstakeholders in terms of providing information about the water cycle for IWRM?
2.What opportunities should be provided in terms of (1) developing Capacity Building
Programs for practitioners, administrators and decision makers; and (2) harmonizing
Earth observation missions in the area of IWRM with funding activities of
stakeholders? What role do you see for GEO to play in facilitating these activities?
3.It goes without saying that in-situ networks for water cycle variables are criticallyimportant, both for the precise nature of the information they provide, and also as ameans to validate satellite retrievals and model outputs. Yet, no comparable
coordination body such as the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS)
exists for in-situ networks. Moreover, it is often said that in-situ networks worldwide
are not only not keeping pace, but most systems are actually in decline. How do we
provide an international coordination body that would act to reverse this trend anddraw attention to the importance of sustaining and expanding in-situ networks forwater cycle variables? Are there specific items that AWCI and AfWCCI can address
or implement to deal with this issue?
4.The concept of IWRM was refined subsequent to the World Summit on Sustainable
Development in 2002, Johannesburg, and it was the Global Water Partnership's
definition of IWRM that has been widely accepted. It states:

Data Gapso Insufficient hydrological and meteorological InSitu data Networko Cryosphere is much behind the atmosphereand hydrosphereo Limited access to satellite data andunavailability of representative data sets

Why are in-situ networks diminishing in capability?
National budget constraints result in decisions to reduce funding
spent on maintaining in-situ networks in order to support othernational priorities.
The importance of in-situ measurements is not fully understoodby nations (including some GEO members) which do not recognize
the need to support stations for the benefit of the global
community.
The value of in-situ measurements and the benefits of upgrading
local technologies to maintain the information services are
not fully recognized by international agencies who could
support such networks in developing countries.

Initiatives
o AWCI/GEOSS is entering into second phase of

Water Cycle Integrationo DIAS is a land mark achievement of AWCI where
20 Asian nations have been contributing with data
sharing in 18 river basinso WMO has recently introduced new initiative on
Global Cryospheric Watcho Geo has made a significant progress during thelast decade through GEOSS and data portals

Session3. Water cycle Observations and Integrated Water Resources
Management (IWRM)
Chaired by Dr. Douglas Cripe
1.What can the Earth observation community do to address the needs ofstakeholders in terms of providing information about the water cycle for IWRM?
2.What opportunities should be provided in terms of (1) developing Capacity Building
Programs for practitioners, administrators and decision makers; and (2) harmonizing
Earth observation missions in the area of IWRM with funding activities of
stakeholders? What role do you see for GEO to play in facilitating these activities?
3.It goes without saying that in-situ networks for water cycle variables are criticallyimportant, both for the precise nature of the information they provide, and also as ameans to validate satellite retrievals and model outputs. Yet, no comparable
coordination body such as the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS)
exists for in-situ networks. Moreover, it is often said that in-situ networks worldwide
are not only not keeping pace, but most systems are actually in decline. How do we
provide an international coordination body that would act to reverse this trend anddraw attention to the importance of sustaining and expanding in-situ networks forwater cycle variables? Are there specific items that AWCI and AfWCCI can address
or implement to deal with this issue?
4.The concept of IWRM was refined subsequent to the World Summit on Sustainable
Development in 2002, Johannesburg, and it was the Global Water Partnership's
definition of IWRM that has been widely accepted. It states:

Satellite Data Game Changer• Satellite observation has been undergoing major changes
for last 10 years• Google Earth in 2005
• GEOSS: societal benefit and open and free data policy• Landsat data for free
• Copernicus open and free data policy approved• JAXA is changing its data policy and business models• data policy change:• Open and free for low/medium resolution
environmental satellite data
• Commercial distribution by private sector forhigh resolution data
• business model change• Global initiatives with UN organizations• Regional sustainable development with JICA and
ADB• Local services with private sectors and end users
JAXA is looking forward to developing innovativesatellite data applications and solution services
in cooperation with users.
49

SDGs

Proposed goals by the High-Level Panel (May 2013)
Goal 1:End poverty
Goal 2:Empower girls and women andachieve gender equality
Goal 3:Provide quality educationand lifelong learning
Goal 4:Ensure healthy lives
Goal 5:Ensure food security andgood nutrition
Goal 6:Achieve universal access towater and sanitation
Goal 7:Secure sustainable energy Target 1d ”Build resilience and reduce
deaths from natural disasters by x%” 6a. Provide universal access to safe
drinking water at home, and inschools, health centers, and refugeecamps
 6b. End open defecation and ensure
universal access to sanitation at
school and work, and increase accessto sanitation at home by x% 6c. Bring freshwater withdrawals inline with supply and increase water
Goal 8:Create jobs, sustainableefficiency in agriculture by x%,
livelihood, and equitable growthindustry by y% and urban areas byGoal 9:Manage natural resource assetsz%sustainable 6d. Recycle or treat all municipal and
Goal 10:Ensure good governance andindustrial wastewater prior toeffective institutions
discharge
Goal 11:Ensure stable and peaceful TargetTarget on
on disasterdisaster risk
risk reduction
reductionsocieties
Goal 12:Create a global enabling Independent
Independent water
water && sanitation
sanitation goal
goal
environment and catalyze TargetTarget on
on wastewater
wastewater treatment
treatment
long-term financeSource: “The Report of the High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons on the Post-2015 Development Agenda” (May 2013) <http://www.un.org/sg/management/beyond2015.shtml> 50

Session 4. Contributions by Earth Observation & Science Communities
Chaired by Prof. Toshio Koike
1.Christine Lee, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
2.Martin Medina, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
3. Kazuo Umezawa, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
4.Bruno Meyer, South African National Space Agency (SANSA)
5.Richard Lawford, Integrated Global Water Cycle Observations (IGWCO)
6.Osamu Ochiai, Group on Earth Observations (GEO)
7.Kazutoshi Onogi, Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
8.Yasushi Izumikawa, Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
9.Yoichi Iwami, International Center for Water Hazard and Risk Management(ICHARM)
10.Sam Benedict, Global Energy and Water Exchanges Project (GEWEX):
11.Anette Johnson, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science andTechnology (Eawag)

WATER SATELLITE MISSIONS(Launching in 2014)
The Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM) Mission (en route to Japan)– International network of satellites thatprovide the next-generation global
observations of rain and snow
– Planned Launch of Core Observatoryfor 2014

The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP)
Mission– Global observations of mapped soil
moisture and freeze/thaw data with
unprecedented accuracy, resolution,and coverage– Planned Launch for 2014

Capacity Building and Applications:
SERVIRA NASA-USAID partnership to improve environmental management andresilience to climate change by strengthening the capacity of governments
and other key stakeholders to integrate Earth observation information andgeospatial technologies into development decision-making

Administrator Rajiv Shah of USAID and Administrator
Charlie Bolden come together to sign an MOU for thepartnership.

Regional Hubs

Potential Future Hubs

NOAA Satellites
Current Satellite Programs– 24/7 Satellite operations and product processing• Geostationary satellites (GOES)• Polar-orbiting satellites (POES)

Future Satellite Programs– Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS, formerly
NPOESS)– GOES-R

GOES

POES

NPOESS54

JAXA Operating and Planned
Satellites/Missions
Target launch year ofplanned missions inJapanese Fiscal Year

ALOSALOS-2 SAR

Earth CARE/CPR

ALOSALOS-3 Optical(2016 -)

(2014)(2016)

GPM/DPR

QZSS(2014)(2010/09)

GCOMGCOM-CKIZUNA(2016)(2008/02)

DAICHI (ALOS)(2006/01)

KIKU-8Aqua/AMSR-E(2006/12)

GCOMGCOM-W(2012)(2002/05)(1997/11)

KODAMA(2002/09)

IBUKI (GOSAT)(2009/01)

TRMM/PR

3-hourly animation of Typhoon 17 and global rainfall observed by GSMaP_NRT from 20 Sep. to 1 Oct., 2012.

JAXA/EORC Global Rainfall Watch web site releases GSMaP_NRT products by merging TRMM
and a number of passive microwave radiometers with geo-stationary IR information.
Providing hourly and 0.1-degree grid data 4-hour after observation.
- browse images, Google Earth KMZ files, 24-hour animations- binary data for research purposes- reanalysis version (GSMaP_MVK) from Mar. 2000 to Nov. 2010 is also available

SANSASouth African National Space Agency“In Service of humanity”(http://www.sansa.org.za)
SANSA is mandated by the SANSA Act, 36 of
2008, to:-Promote the peaceful use of space;-Support the creation of an environment conducive
to industrial development in space technology;-Foster research in space science,
communications, navigation and space physics;-Advance scientific, engineering andtechnological competencies and capabilities
through human capital development (HCD),
outreach programmes and infrastructuredevelopment; and-Forster international cooperation in space
related activities.

SA Space domain role players

SANSA
proposes tocreate 5
Value
propositions

In 2014, IGWCO will place more emphasis on user engagement

The Water
TargetBy 2015, produce comprehensive setsof data, information products and services
to support decision-making for efficientmanagement of the world's water
resources, based on coordinated,sustained observations of the water cycleon multiple scales.

Tasks

Enabling a System of Systems

GEOSS
PortalReanalysis

Boundary

SST, sea ice

Satellite

ozone
Assimilate past observational data

Surface, Upper

Data assimilation cycle
Consistent quality Reanalysis Product

Ship, aircraft

Observation- Provide Initial Condition and Verification data
for seasonal forecast- Climate Monitoring- Research on climate system and water circulation etc.

60

Himawari-8/9: Specification of Observation
Channels of the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI)
ChannelCentral Wavelength[μm]

SpatialResolution

1

0.43 – 0.48

1 km

2

0.50 – 0.52

1 km

3

0.63 – 0.66

0.5 km40.85 – 0.87

1 km

5

1.60 – 1.62

2 km

6

2.25 – 2.27

2 km

7

3.74 – 3.96

2 km

8

6.06 – 6.43

2 km

9

6.89 – 7.01

2 km

10

7.26 – 7.43

2 km

11

8.44 – 8.76

2 km

12

9.54 – 9.72

2 km

13

10.3 – 10.6

2 km

14

11.1 – 11.3

2 km

15

12.2 – 12.5

2 km

16

13.2 – 13.4

2 km

Number of Channels: 5

RGB
Composited
True Color Image

Water
Vapor

Full disk
Interval:

10 minutes (6 times per hour)

SO2
O3

Region: Japan

Atmospheric
Windows

CO2

16

Interval: 2.5 minutes (4 times in 10 minutes)
Dimension: EW x NS: 2000 x 1000 km x 2

Region: Typhoon
Interval: 2.5 minutes (4 times in 10 minutes)
Dimension: EW x NS: 1000 x 1000 km

Interval: 30/60 min.

10min.

ICHARM’s Philosophy: Localism
Delivering best available knowledge to local practices
Working as a Knowledge
Hub on W&D through TA
Supported by ADB
UNESCO Pakistan Project

Local Practices

WWAP,
AWDO

WWF,
APWF

IFI
Pe
Net rsonal
wo
rkin
g

UNESCO
Centers

・Master Course
Hazard Mapping Course
River & Dam Course
Supported
Training

by JICA・Ph.D. CourseThe
1st Phase
Focus:
Flood-related
RiskManagement

on
ati g
orm kinInf twor
Ne

IRDR

Sentinel Asia
IFNet/GFAS

Flood Alert system
Hazard mapping(IFAS, BTOP, RRI models)

Research Flood risk assessment

UNISDR GP-GAR Flood Preparedness
Indicators/Standard

under climate change
Supported by MEXT
(Sousei Program)

HyVIC Components

HyVIC Research Theme#1
Capacity

Building

HyVIC Research Theme#2 & 3&
HyVIC Research
Theme#4

HyVIC Research
Theme#5

HyVic Center of Excellence

HyVic International Project Office

HyVic Users of Research Outcomes

Education
HyVic International Coordination Panel

HyVIC Research Theme-1: Translational Research Interface with Applications
HyVIC Research Theme-2: Severe Weather and Water Currents (collaboration with WWRP-LVP)
HyVIC Research Theme-3: Lake Victoria Basin Water Budget
HyVIC Research Theme-4: HyVic Earth System Model (EaSM)
63
HyVIC Research Theme-5: Observation of the Hydroclimatological System(Customized from GFCS)

Number of locally affected lives becomes global challenge>50% probability of contaminated groundwater overlain with population density

04.04.2011

Population living in arsenic hazard areas:
754 million (2010 population estimate, SEDAC)
1/3 drinking groundwater? ⇒ about 250 million 64

Number of locally affected lives becomes global challenge>50% probability of contaminated groundwater overlain with population density

04.04.2011

Population living in fluoride hazard areas:
561 million (2010 population estimate, SEDAC)
1/3 drinking groundwater? ⇒ about 200 million 65

6. African Session

Chaired by Prof. S.B. Weerakoon

Key Note:
Abou Amani, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)Introduction to Projects
Kenya, Morocco, Tunisia, Niger River, Volta River, Lake Chad

7. Asian Session Chaired by Prof. Zoubeida Bargaoui & Dr. Johnson Oguntola
Key Note:
Deg-Hyo Bae, Sejong University
Masaru Kitsuregawa, The University of Tokyo (U-Tokyo)
Introduction to Projects
Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Mongolia,
Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Uzbekistan,
Vietnam

6. African Session

Chaired by Prof. S.B. Weerakoon

Key Note:
Abou Amani, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)Introduction to Projects
Kenya, Morocco, Tunisia, Niger River, Volta River, Lake Chad

7. Asian Session Chaired by Prof. Zoubeida Bargaoui & Dr. Johnson Oguntola
Key Note:
Deg-Hyo Bae, Sejong University
Masaru Kitsuregawa, The University of Tokyo (U-Tokyo)
Introduction to Projects
Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Mongolia,
Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Uzbekistan,
VietnamAccess to safe drinking water

35% do not have access to safe drinking water

Water for heath• Less than 40% of Sanitation coverage inmany African countries• More than 80% of deseases are water related
and borne diseases (Malaria, cholera, Guinea
Worm,..)• These deseases are mainly responsible fornumber of deaths for children under five

Water for Food

Agriculture
Livestock

Majority of the population has
agriculture as main activities
Agriculture is generally rainfed
Many African countries continue
to struggle with food insecurity
Fishery70Trend analysis of historical climate and hydrology
 Annual average temperature, precipitation and runoff

Increasing trend of T and decreasing trends of P & Q over the region during last 30
years
The opposite trends of T in northern regions of Southeast Asia and of P & Q in
northern regions of Southeast Asia and northeastern regions of South Asia

<Temperature><Precipitation><Runoff>

Year
Div.

East
Asia

East
South
Asia

South
Asia

CentralAsia

Country

Basin
2020s

2080s

Japan

Tone

0.5

1.2

Korea

Chungju-dam

15.4

21.2

Mongolia

Selbe

-0.1

16.7

Myanmar

Shwegylin

-7.1

0.4

Lao PDR

Sebangfai

-11.3

8.8

ThailandMae Wang

-11.7

4.3

Cambodia

Sangker

-12.8

-0.6

Malaysia

Langat-1.2

6.2

Vietnam

Huong

-10.9

-2.7

Philippines

Pampanga

0.6

6.5

Indonesia

Mamberamo

9.2

28.0

Bangladesh

Meghna-9.7

6.1

BhutanPunatsangchhu

-11.0

3.8

India

Seonath

18.8

19.5

Nepal

Bagmati

-0.8

10.8

Sri Lanka

Kalu Ganga

0.0

10.3

PakistanGilgit

-3.5

-19.9

Uzbekistan

Chirchik-Okhangaran

3.1

-3.9

ERROR: undefined
OFFENDING COMMAND: f‘~
STACK: