Presented in
WEPA 11th Annual Meeting
Vansana Riverside Hotel, VientianeLaos, P.D.R. 25 January 2016

Outline of Problem
Small Industry Pollution Control• Large industries
responsible by Ministry ofIndustry• Under Factory Act• Proper regulations andenforcement

Environmental
Problem fromIndustry• Small / Community based
Industries responsible byLocal Government• Under Public Health Act(authorized local gov to control
if needed)• Ambiguous regulation andzero enforcement

Outline of Problem
Small Industry = High Pollution Load?
• Change in process and material all
the time according to budget andraw material• Located in residential area
• Zero pollution control• No responsible party• No database for enforcement

Outline of Problem
Small Industry = High Pollution Load!
SmallIndustry
6%
Pig Farm
18%

Resident
29%

BOD Loading in 3
Major Rivers
Aquaculture
20%

Industry27%

Idea - Control Strategy?
• Inspection must be done by trained officer
with specific equipment• Need laboratory for analysis• Designate method on pollution control• No need for effluent sampling• Inspection on method of pollution control
must beprobable for
local budget,
manpower andmaterial

Building a collection of pollution control andmanagement method for small or localIndustry

Manual = BPT(Best Practical Control Technology) Guideline
released by PCD on 2013
Part 1Regulation related to local industry
control and how to use regulation forcontrol small industries in local area

Part 2
Pollution Control Method for Small
Industry

Appendix

How Manual Guideline Work?
Working Like Dictionary
Looking for Word
relating to small Industry
you want to control
Table give you how should
you manage pollution

Choices of wastewater
treatment method

Implementation – training local governments• During 2012 – 2013 PCD has cooperated with
regional office on training on how to use BPT manual• Manual is very popular as many local governments
requested a paper version of manual (file can also be
downloaded from PCD website)

Implementation – Local Government in Action• For tryout, PCD asked local governments and regional
offices near Bangkok to try the manual for helping
communities based industry do environmental management.
• After 6 months then go back and evaluate results ….

Problem Found – Cause & Recommendation
Problem Found

Possible Cause

Recommendation

Local government
officers did not follow
through the program,
after PCD left them bythemselves.

 Too many works to do (future) Combining many Pollution or
local governments together
Environment was notwill get benefit on
the main problem foreconomy of scale enoughlocal government
for assigning officer to(infrastructure is 1st Pri)
specific task

Community basedindustries mostly lack ofbudget to improve theirenvironmental
management, especiallyto construct pollution
control device such aswastewater treatment
plant.

Income usually divided
among members and noone usually control money
management amongmembers. (Need vote toinvest for anything) Required some a level ofpollution control at
beginning (smallinvestment) and increaselevel of pollution control assite expand.
 Set up some soft loan
program or funding
mechanism.

Final Words..
• Although guideline made can not be used as tool for
enforcement of small – community based industries, thehandbook is now surely used by local government andregional bureau officers to recommended an easy way tocontrol pollution for local processes.
• As decentralization process continue, local governments areincreasingly more important in pollution control process.
Capacity building is required, however, it will be long time
before we see substantial result.
• PCD will use economical instrument in future control..