2011/9/22

Reported by: To Thi Hai Yen
Institute of Environmental Technology
Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology

 Situation and history of domestic

wastewater treatment in Viet Nam
especially urban area
 Background of construction of sewerage
pipe without treatment and its
positive/negative impact
 Outline of current situation and future plan
pof domestic wastewater treatment facility
development
 Expected outcome and issues of futureplan1

2011/9/22

Hanoi’s River and lake Network

Inside Hanoi, there weremany lakes and ponds,
small rivers and canals
flowed around.
Wastewater flowed out tothe surrounding lakes,ponds and rivers.

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2011/9/22

 About 70% of the lake andpond area had been filled up
in the period 1955-2000

In 1960, there were many lakes
and canals in this district
In 2004, many lakes were filled up
and canals were sewerizedBlackwater after
the septic tank
was still heavy
polluted becauseof working
without filtrationchamber3

2011/9/22

 Existing sewer

network
k in
i citiesii
have been built forsurface waterdrainage only
 Sewerage anddrainage system
combines both: thecollection ofindustrial anddomestic wastewater,storm water andstreet cleaning water Some Health carecenters has
adequate
wastewater
treatment systems,
others, is stilldischarged intosewerage system
without treatment.
industrial parks thathave waste water
treatment systems.

S la ssituation
Similartuat o could beseen for industrial areas.
Among 26 industrial parks,
40 industrial …, 50
handicraft villages, there
are only 3 industrial parks
that have waste water
treatment systems.

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2011/9/22

 Master plan of waste

water drainage andwastewater
treatment in Total
investment was of1.162 M USD anddivised into 2 phases
focusing onenhancing capacityof water drainage
system, minimizing
storm flooding of thedowntown.

 Drainage systems of Tolich, Nhue –Day

water basins,
basins dwntown flooding has
been controlled, river and lakes water
quality is being enhanced.
Hanoi’s River and lake Network

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2011/9/22

 Joint Circular No. 114/2006/TTLT-BTC-BTNMT: 1% ofGDP Capital
Law NNo.: iinfrastructure
C i l planningli Lfffor urbanbareas, including water transmission lines, sewer lines.
 Resolution of the Hanoi City Council No. 03/2009/NQHDND for wastewater: 10 -15% of household
wastewater, 40% of industrial wastewater, 100% of
medical wastewater in the inner cities must betreated Decision No. 1930 / QD-TTg: approve theddevelopment
loff urban
b ddrainage
iandd iindustrial
di l zones
by 2025 toward to 2050.
 Decision No. 1654/QD-TTg: drainage plans to Hanoi in
2030 toward to 2050, comprehensive system of sewer,
no flooding of Hanoi city, centralized wastewater
treatment facility.



Alternative solutions of urban drainage were proposed byscientists:-For old urban areas: Utilize existing system of drainage, septictanks; collection systems to big treatment systems,
constructed
d at a suburbs
b b wherehllandd andd construction
i cost are
relatively cheaper, or to decentralized treatment systems inthe downtown.
Utilize existing water ponds in the downtown,-For new urban areas: construct separated sewage system,
sewage should be treated before discharge into environment;
construct new effective septic tanks to ensure effluent quality
meet TCVN (Class B) in case of lack of construction land6

2011/9/22

 In 2020:

1,014,000m3/day
 In 2030:
1,380,000m3/day.
 A target of Hanoi city is
to collect and treat 90%of sewage up to 2020,100% up to 2030.
 Continuing achieved
results of the plan isconsidered
id d necessary; New, effective andcomplex solutions ofmanagement should bearranged from now.

West Lake in Hanoi

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