July 2004
An Element of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP),
initiated by the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX)

6

CEOP-on the Way to Successfully Developing Water and Energy–Cycle Simulation and Prediction
Xu Guanhua, Chairman of CEOS, Minister of the ministry of science and technology of China

As the age of water, the 21st century must focus on the water cycle,
which has constantly increased its
impact on human activities and theworld’s sustainable development. To
achieve a more accurate determination of the water cycle in association
with climate variability and change, as
Mr. Xu Guanhua
well as to provide the baseline dataon the impact of this variability on water resources, the CoordinatedEnhanced Observing Period (CEOP) was launched on July 1, 2001.
Initiated by the international efforts of WCRP’s GEWEX, CEOP is focusedon measuring, understanding and modelling of the water and energy
cycles within the climate system. CEOP will enable us to address such
crucial issues through a 'hands-on', examination of the water cycle overa particular time period. After three year’s excellent work, now CEOP is at
the end of the planned two annual cycle periods, from 2002 to 2004.
As you all know, in the past 20 years, the Committee on Earth
Observation Satellites (CEOS) has made great contribution to international co-ordination in global earth observation activities. CEOS agencies areproviding their best efforts to contribute to CEOP and, in particular, toassist with CEOP satellite data integration and data collection at worldwide reference sites. Also, through the Working Group on Information
Systems and Services (WGISS), CEOS agencies are providing key satellite products in the coming year. As the 2004 chairman of CEOS, the cochair of IGOS-P, and the Minister of Science and Technology, P.R. China,
as well as a researcher in Remote Sensing, I will do my utmost to perform my duty of continually pursuing the international community on thecommon priorities, such as, the Water Cycle Theme, one of the themesof IGOS-P, and Module-2 within the WSSD follow-up program, and thewater resources management approach approved by the members of
CEOS and IGOS-P. I hope that with the long-standing and extensive support of countries and organizations across the world, CEOS and IGOS-P
will play their role in a more effective manner by having a close association with all the related international organizations including CEOP.
In the last 6 months, we have witnessed the rapid development of
coordination of observing networks by the international Earth
Observation community. In the Earth Observation Summit-2 meeting inTokyo on April 25th 2004, the 10-year Implementation Plan for a comprehensive, coordinated, and sustained Earth observation system or systems has been approved and the Implementation Planning Task Team

(IPTT) is drafting the document for the GEOSS. This is a milestone of theinternational cooperation of the Earth Observing community. “Improving
global water-resource management and understanding of the water
cycle” is recognized as one of the most important societal issues withmany potential benefits by the Subgroup on User Requirements andOutreach under the ad hoc Group on Earth Observations (GEO). Dr.
Toshio Koike, a member of the IPTT and CEOP Lead Scientist, is making
great contributions to the implementation planning for the GEO initiative.
During the just closed meeting of the IGOS Partners in Rome in May, theWater Cycle Theme presented its splendid report. As the first element of
the integrated Global Water Cycle Observations (IGWCO), confirmed at
the 8th meeting of IGOS-P in November 2001, CEOP played a very
important role. An emerging theme of IGOS-P, the Cryosphere theme,
which is an important element of CEOP, was also approved to begin its
building phase. ESA has launched its “Tiger” project in Africa and“Dragon” project in China. The first one is to support Africa in managing
water resources using Earth Observing technology, and the second one
is a cooperation framework with China, which includes emphasis on
water resources, floods, droughts and ocean observations.
We will continue to push forward CEOS and IGOS-P efforts in the
global comprehensive earth observation system, which includes theclose linkage to the water cycle and water resources highlighted by
CEOP as well. At present, CEOS and IGOS-P are making efforts to promote the establishment of a regional cooperation mechanism with countries and UN agencies concerned so as to implement in developing data
products and services, and provide direct and quality services for society,especially those of developing countries. I believe that with strong support from CEOS and CEOP, the cooperation activities will be promoted
and more common interest and progress will be developed.
Contents:• CEOP-on the Way to Successfully Developing Water andEnergy–Cycle Simulation and Prediction • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1• First CEOP Model Output Workshop and Third
Implementation Planning Meeting 8-12 March 2004
University of Irvine • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2• A Validation Study of a New Land Surface Scheme - with
the CEOP EOP-1 Reference Site Data set • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3,4• EOP-3 (October 2002 – September 2003) Annual Cycle
Reference Site Data Now Available From Four CEOP
Reference Sites • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 5• A note on the use of CEOP reference site data for comparison with the output of global models: The Lindenberg
example • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 6,7• Report from CEOP Asian Monsoon Project (CAMP)
Reference Sites • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 8

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CEOP Newsletter No.6

First CEOP Model Output Workshop and Third Implementation Planning Meeting 8-12 March 2004
University of Irvine
Sam Benedict, CEOP International Coordination Function, CA, USA

ence committee. (ii) Arrange for a written report to beprepared on its activities that can be presented at afuture IGOS meeting in 2005. (iii) Coordinate the development of a plan that defines CEOP activities beyond thecompletion of its initial observational phase at the end of
2004 to be integrated with the IGWCO implementation
plan. A preliminary version of the CEOP extended
activites plan will be available in June 2004.

Over 60 participants from the international climate and water cycle
modeling and research community attended the Coordinated Enhanced
Observing Period (CEOP) Model Output Development and Analysis
Workshop (8-9 March) and Third Implementation Planning Meeting (1012 March). Both events were supported by the recently formed
Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and by the USA National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and National Oceanic &Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The meetings were hosted by thethe Department of Earth System Science and the Department of Civil andEnvironmental Engineering at the University of California, Irvine.
All of the participants at the Workshop agreed that the priority activities for the Model Output Component of CEOP are related to having all
the contributing centers take the following actions by the end of 2004:(i) Achieve routine transfer of CEOP model output data by electronicmeans for placement in the CEOP Database, (ii) Access CEOP Model
Output Database through the web-page at:
http://www.mad.zmaw.de/CEOP or through the CEOP Data Management
Internet Page, Model Output and Information section, and (iii) Access
CEOP data sets, including in situ, model and satellite and use them inmodel intercomparison/validation exercises to improve model parameterizations and predictability.
CEOP has been selected as the first element of the Integrated Global
Water Cycle Observations (IGWCO) theme within the framework of theInternational Global Observing Strategy-Partnership (IGOS-P), thus linking
it to the broad association of international organizations, which make up
the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS). The CEOP
Science Steering Committee (SSC) chaired by Dr Hartmut Grassl,
Director of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPIM), noted thatthe implications of this commitment to the IGWCO, require the following
actions: (i) Identify representatives from within the CEOP
organization/community to serve as a subcommittee to the IGWCO sci-

The Space Agency Representatives at the meeting,which included Dr. Naoto Matsuura of JAXA, Dr. J. Kaye,
Director of the Research Division, NASA, and Co-Chair of
the CEOP Advisory and Oversight Committee (AOC), andDr. M. Colton, Director of Research and Applications,
NOAA, National Environmental Satellite, Data, andInformation Service (NESDIS), and member of the CEOP
AOC; reported on the issues and concerns they have withrespect to the CEOP implementation process and their commitments to
the CEOP infrastructure. Earlier meetings with European Space Agency(ESA) representatives have also resulted in important commitments toassist CEOP in its quest for specialized satellite data sets. These agreements are an important initial step in the development of a formal framework within which CEOP Satellite Data Requirements will be recognized
and responded to by the international community. All of the participants
jointly acknowledged the importance of CEOP’s role in increasing the
focus on the important topic of water resources applications. Many
aspects of CEOP parallel activities within the international community
related to building new global descriptions of the Earth’s environment
and upgrading model representations on which to base predictions andimprove descriptions of key local and regional processes. The global
products and data sets derived through the exploitation of new satellite
sensors, in CEOP, will be critical to these developments and will extend
our current knowledge. The most important task levied on the CEOP
Organization by the participants was to develop a strategy to continue
the work being carried out within the International framework built up in
CEOP beyond the current CEOP observational phase.
The Fourth CEOP International Implementation Planning meeting isplanned for 28 Feburary to 4 March 2005 at the University of Tokyo (UT),Tokyo, Japan, possibly in conjunction with an IGOS-P meeting.
Calendar of CEOP Meetings:• Tenth Session of the GEWEX Hydrometeorology Panel(GHP)
13-16 September 2004, Montevideo, Uruguay• CEOP Inter-Monsoon Model Study (CIMS) Americas
Monsoon Workshop
17-18 September 2004, Montevideo, Uruguay
http://ecpc.ucsd.edu/projects/ghp/ghp10/index.html• The Fourth CEOP International Implementation Planning
Meeting jointly with IGOS-P, IGWCO
28 February - 4 March 2005, Tokyo, Japan

CEOP Newsletter No.6

A Validation Study of a New Land Surface Scheme - with the CEOP EOP-1 Reference Site Data Set
Masayuki Hirai and Takayuki Matsumura, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan

1. Introduction
JMA plans to upgrade a current SiB (Simple Biosphere) model inthe operational Global Spectral Model (JMA-GSM) and thus has
been developing a new SiB model. In this article, results from a validation study of the new SiB model coupled with JMA-GSM against
the operational SiB are reported. The CEOP EOP-1 (from July 2001
to September 2001) in-situ data is used as a reference. The CEOP
integrated database is of great benefit for evaluating the performance of an NWP model.
2. Outline of the operational SiB and the new SiB models
Figure 1 schematically illustrates the processes related to theenergy balance considered in the operational and the new SiB models. In the new SiB, the snow and soil processes are designed moreelaborately than those in the operational SiB. Major changes fromthe operational SiB to the new SiB are as follows:• A conventional force restore method for predicting soil temperature is abandoned and heat conduction among multiple soil layers
is explicitly calculated.
• Multiple snow layers are introduced.
• Phase change of water is considered in both soil and snow layers.
• Sophisticated snow processes are introduced such as aging ofalbedo, temporal change of density and so on.

3. Evaluation method
120-hour forecast experiments from several initial conditions in
EOP-1 are executed. Initial conditions of the land surface variables
for the new SiB model are set basically in the same way as in theoperational global analysis, except that the initial temperature of thesoil layers are interpolated from the operational analysis of the surface temperature and the deep soil temperature.
Predicted variables are compared with observations at respective
CEOP reference sites. The reference sites presented here are listed
in Table 1.
4. Results
Figure 2 shows the time series of the forecast and the observation at BALTEX Cabauw in the Netherlands, MAGS BERMS in Canada
and GAME Eastern Siberian Taiga (Yakutsk) in Russia, respectively.
The initial time of the forecast is 12UTC 1 July 2001. The observational data at MAGS BERMS, which consists of three observing stations (Aspen, Black Spruce, Jack Pine), are used after averaging thedata at three constituent stations.
For each sites, short wave radiation is well predicted by both SiB
models for the clear weather. However, incoming long wave radiation at each site is underestimated, which reveals a systematic error
in the cloud and/or radiation schemes of JMA-GSM.

Figure 1. Schematic illustrations of the processes related to energy balance considered in the operational SiB (left) and the new SiB (right).
Table 1. Properties of the reference sites illustrated in Figure 2.

3

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CEOP Newsletter No.6

Diurnal ranges of surface and 2m temperatures predicted by the
new SiB are generally larger than the operational one. For Yakutsk
sites, the new SiB predicts the diurnal range of 2m temperature
more properly, though the forecasts of the new SiB for Cabauw and
BERMS are rather overestimated. Especially, the improvement in thesurface temperature forecasts by the new SiB at Yakutsk is remarkable. According to the observations at Yakutsk, soil temperature
deeper than 60 cm is below the freezing point, suggesting a formation of frozen soil. Since the multiple soil layers are introduced andphase change of soil water and ice are calculated explicitly in the
new SiB, the accuracy of near surface temperature in frozen soil
areas is improved by using the new SiB.
As regard to the diurnal variation, the daily maximum and minimum temperatures from both SiB models occur about 1 hour later
than observations for many cases.

Figure 2. Time series of the observations at the reference site listed in Table 1(black) and the forecast produced by the operational SiB (red, purple) and the
new SiB (blue, pale). The time series for short wave radiation (left), long wave
radiation (middle), 2m temperature (right) are illustrated. For Yakutsk sites, thetime series for surface temperature is also illustrated. IS(L), OS(L) denotes
incoming short (long) wave radiation, outgoing short (long) wave radiation
respectively.

5. Summary
A validation study of the new SiB model coupled with JMA-GSM
against the operational SiB is carried out. The CEOP EOP-1 in-situ
data is used as a reference. It is found that the diurnal range ofnear surface temperature is predicted adequately by the new SiB in
comparison with the operational one. In particular, the accuracy ofnear surface temperature in frozen soil areas is improved by using
the new SiB. However, simulation of diurnal variations is not sufficient in terms of phase. An underestimation of incoming long wave
radiation is revealed. It suggests that there is a systematic error in
the atmospheric model.
CEOP integrates a huge volume of observation results from various reference sites with a common format and easy access forusers, which afford a unique opportunity for a validation study of aland surface model. Some CEOP reference sites consist of morethan one observing stations. Such a site has an advantage of bring-CEOP Newsletter No.6

ing the representativeness or heterogeneity of observations into consideration. By making use of the CEOP integrated database, we plan
to evaluate further both the operational SiB and the new SiB with the
CEOP annual cycle data sets and to assess the other physicalprocesses of the atmospheric model, such as a boundary layer
process and cloud radiation process.

Acknowledgement
The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions and effortsof the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in elaborating the CEOP integrated database. We also express sincere appreciations to site managers of Cabauw/BALTEX, BERMS/MAGS andYakutsk/CAMP. The reference site data is highly valuable for evaluation of the JMA global model.

EOP-3 (October 2002 – September 2003) Annual Cycle Reference Site Data Now Available From
Four CEOP Reference Sites
Steve Williams and Scot Loehrer, UCAR Joint Office for Science Support (JOSS), Boulder, Colorado, USA

Enhanced observations of sub-surface (soil profiles), surface(standard meteorological and radiation), near surface (flux andtower), atmospheric soundings (rawinsonde and profiler), and ancillary (radar and special observations) are fundamentally necessary
for CEOP to achieve its main scientific objectives. There are 36 designated CEOP Reference Sites (seehttp://www.joss.ucar.edu/ghp/ceopdm/ref_site.html ) that provide
CEOP with these basic resources. Data from 18 of these sites were
provided for an initial (EOP-1) CEOP, seasonal (July-September2001) data set. JOSS developed a prototype “composite” EOP-1
data set by converting these data to a common format and applied afinal quality control review prior to release of the data. This prototype “composite” data set was delivered to the CEOP Scientific
Community in February 2003. Following its successful application
in a number of model analyses, it was evaluated during the CEOP
Reference Site Manager’s Workshop and the 2nd Implementation
Planning Meeting (Berlin, Germany) in March 2003. From thesemeetings, a series of improvements were agreed upon for future
CEOP Reference Site data submissions of CEOP annual cycle EOPs
data sets (see report at: http://www.joss.ucar.edu/ghp/ceopdm/refdata_report/ ).
In addition to the data itself, JOSS also maintains a complete
Reference Site documentation database from each of the Reference
Sites (http://www.joss.ucar.edu/ghp/ceopdm/rsite.html) which
includes (but is not limited to) web site links, location information(latitude, longitude, elevation), maps, photos, land characterization,
canopy height, and measurements (parameters, frequency, instrumentation, specifications, and exposure).
Initial EOP-3 data (October 2002 through September 2003) werereceived at JOSS starting in October 2003. Since that time, as data
have been received, JOSS has inventoried the data/documentation,
applied automated and manual quality control and consistency
checks, and performed visual inspection of data and time seriesplots. Issues or problems identified in the data are being communicated back to the respective data sources for resolution after which
the data are merged and provided on-line. JOSS maintains a configuration management database containing data set status, detailed
notes, and site statistics to track the evolution of the data sets.

As of 8 July 2004, 4 sites have provided the complete EOP-3
data set (full annual cycle) that meet all the criteria established by
the CEOP Data Management Working Group. These data are now
available for continuation of the analyses, at an annual cycle timescale, that were accomplished, up to now, only on a seasonal basiswith the EOP-1 data set. These 4 full annual cycle data sets andpartial year (EOP-3) data from 11 other sites, that has met all CEOP
requirements, are provided through the CEOP Data Management
web pages or directly through a dynamic access table at:
http://www.joss.ucar.edu/ghp/ceopdm/archive/eop3_data/ . The
sites providing these data have been commended for meeting theircommitments to CEOP in as timely a manner as possible.
The difficulty in achieving the near routine reference site data collection and submittal process envisaged at the start of CEOP, hasbeen made exceedingly clear, however, since as of this time,
although some data from the EOP-3 time period have been received
from 28 of the total 36 CEOP Reference Sites only data from the 15
sites (as noted above), have been finalized and made available.
Problems have been identified in the remaining 13 sites ranging
from complicated formatting and quality control issues, to less difficult incomplete data/documentation submission items. These issues
are currently being evaluated by the respective data sources.
Because the CEOP reference sites were selected to take advantageof the six most comprehensive Global Energy and Water Cycle
Experiment (GEWEX), Continental-Scale Experiments (CSEs) namely,
GAPP (Americas Region), BALTEX (Baltic Sea region), MAGS
(Canadian Mackenzie River Basin), LBA (Amazon region), CAMP
(Asian monsoon region) and AMMA (West African Region), the CSE
spokespersons, including Drs Huang/Williams, Grassl/Isemer,
Goodison/Mackay, Marengo/Horta, Koike, and Depraetere, respectively, or their representatives, have been asked to undertake anaction to assist with the resolution of the remaining issues associated with the EOP-3 data submissions.
A complete summary of available data is provided in Table 1. Data
from each Reference Site are organized by separate files of surface
meteorological and radiation, flux, soil temperature and moistureprofiles, tower, and other ancillary data sets (e.g. rawinsonde, profiler, etc.). Available documentation is provided with the data. Please5

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CEOP Newsletter No.6

contact Steve Williams at sfw@ucar.edu. for additional informationor for data inquiries.
Table 1: CEOP Reference Site Data Summary (X = 1st half EOP-3; XX = full year EOP-3)

A note on the use of CEOP reference site data for comparison with the output of global models:
The Lindenberg example
F. Beyrich and W. Adam, Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg, German Meteorological Service, Germany

The Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg (MOL) of the German
Meteorological Service (Deutscher Wetterdienst, DWD) is one of thefour European (BALTEX) reference sites providing data to the Central
Data Archive (CDA) in CEOP. Data from Lindenberg have alreadybeen used by various modelling groups (e.g., Tamagawa et al.,
CEOP-Newsletter 4, p. 4, Lu and Mitchell, CEOP-Newsletter 5, p. 56). With this note we would like to draw the attention of current andpotential users of data from Lindenberg (and most likely other reference sites as well) within CEOP at an issue that might not havefound proper attention yet - namely the heterogeneity of terrain.
The topography around Lindenberg has been formed by theinland glaciers during the last ice age and exhibits a slightly undulating surface with height differences between about 40 m and 130 m
above sea level. The land use (see Figure 1) is dominated by a mixture of forest (43 %) and agricultural farmland (45 %) with a numberof small and medium-sized lakes embedded (7 %). This type of heterogeneous landscape is rather typical for large parts of northern
Central Europe south of the Baltic Sea.
To study land-surface atmosphere interaction processes underheterogeneous terrain conditions is one of the major research activities of the MOL. In addition to the operational boundary layer measurement program at the GM Falkenberg, micrometeorological measurements have been performed both at a forest and at a lake site
during the last 4 years. Moreover, major field experiments have beenorganised in 1998 (Beyrich et al., Theor. Appl. Climatol. 73 (2003),
3-18) and in 2003 (Beyrich et al., AMS: Proc. 16th Symposium on

Figure 1. Aerial View across the heterogeneous landscape around Lindenberg(with GM Falkenberg indicated by an arrow)

CEOP Newsletter No.6

Boundary Layer and Turbulence, 2004), for detailed studies of land
surface and boundary layer processes.
The terrain heterogeneity is a fact the user of the CEOP data from
Lindenberg should be aware of when performing validation studies
against model output or satellite data. It is obvious, that the two
major land use classes - forest and agricultural farmland - behave
different with respect to surface - atmosphere exchange processes.
This is illustrated in Figure 2 showing the averaged diurnal cycle ofthe mean (2 m) air temperature, net radiation and sensible heat fluxes during two months of CEOP EOP-1 and EOP3, respectively.
Monthly mean air temperature may differ by about 1 K which ismainly due to the topography. Differences in net radiation during
daytime amount up to about 25 %, and the differences in the sensible heat flux are even more pronounced (up to about a factor of 2, or
100 %). The Lindenberg data for CEOP available via the CDA so far

Figure 2. Mean diurnal cycle of air temperature, net radiation and sensible
heat flux during July, 2001 and February, 2003 at GM Falkenberg and at a forest site nearby.

include the near surface measurements carried out at GM
Falkenberg, representing the farmland (low vegetation) part of thearea, and hence only "half of the truth". When comparing model output against our measurements, the user should be aware of what
type of land use his model assumes for the Lindenberg grid cell.
This may be highly dependent on grid size, actual position of the gridcell, global land use data set used in the model, and on the scheme
applied to describe land surface characteristics (dominant land use,tile / mosaic approach etc.). Data from the forest site (representing"the second half of the truth") will be made available upon request.
We believe, that heterogeneity effects are comparably importantalso at other CEOP reference sites, taking into account the typicalgrid cell size of global NWP and climate models being in the order of103..104 km2.

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CEOP Newsletter No.6

Report from CEOP Asian Monsoon Project (CAMP) Reference Sites
Katsunori Tamagawa and Toshio Koike, CAMP Data Centre, University of Tokyo, JapanThe CEOP Asian Monsoon Project (CAMP) has 14 different reference sites (See Figure 1) in the Asian region, which will greatly contribute to the CEOP project. This project covers the whole Asian
Monsoon area with diverse climates from Tundra, Tropical and highaltitude zones.
Each reference site is supported by individual funding, but all sites
are coordinated under the CAMP project. Currently the Surface andSub-surface observations are carried out in each reference site.
Some sites include also Upper-Air observation with Doppler radar,Wind profiler and Radio sonde.
The Figure 2 shows the monthly averaged temperature during thefirst-half of EOP-3 (October 2002 to March 2003). The temperature
differs by 70ºC between Eastern Siberian Taiga and Western Pacific
Ocean in December 2002.
The CAMP data centre manages the Quality control of the fieldobserved data and re-format the raw data into a unified format for
the CEOP Data Archiving Centre in the UCAR.
No.

Reference Site Name

1
2
3
4*)
5
6
7
8
9
10

Eastern Siberian Tundra
Eastern Siberian Taiga
Mongolia
Tongyu (Inner Mongolia)
Korean Peninsula
Korean Haenam
Tibet
Yangtze River
Himalayas
Northern South China Sea- Southern Japan

Site Representative.
T.Ohata, H.Yabuki
T.Ohata, T.Ohta
Davva.G, I.Kaihotsu
W.Dong, H.Liu
J.Kim
J.Kim, C.Cho
Y.Ma, K.Ueno, S.Haginoya
N.Yunqi
G.Tartari, M.Bollasina
M.Chen11
Chao-Phraya River
M.Aoki, J.kim
12
North-East Thailand
M.Aoki13
Western Pacific Ocean
R.Shirooka
14
Equatorial Island
T.Sribimawati, M.Yamanaka* The Inner Mongolia reference site was changed to Tongyu at EOP-3

Figure 2. Monthly Averaged Air Temperature

Figure 1. Location of the CAMP

Schedule of CEOP
2001
The CEOP Preliminary Data Period

2002
1 JulyThe CEOP Buildup phase

2003

2004

30 September
1 October

30 September
1 October

The First CEOP Annual Cycle Period

30 September
1 October

The Second CEOP Annual Cycle Period

31 December

Newsletter Editorial Board: Robert SCHIFFER, Carlos R. MECHOSO, Paul D. TRY
Contact Address of International Coordination Body:
Sam BENEDICT (International Coordinator)
742 “H” Avenue
Coronado, CA, 92118, USA
Phone: +1-619-437-7904
Fax: +1-619-437-6814
E-mail: sam.benedict@gewex.org

Dawen YANG (Secretary General), Akiko GODA, Katsunori TAMAGAWA
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Tokyo
7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
Phone: +81-3-5841-6132
Fax: +81-3-5841-6130
E-mail: ceop@monsoon.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Supported by: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)