Collaborative Study on "Improving Industrial
Waste and Wastewater Management “ inGampaha District, Sri Lanka

WEPA Action Programme 2017
Sri Lanka
1Content
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Introduction
Objectives of the Project
Selection of Project Area
Sampling Locations & Parameters
Present Status of Action Programme
6.1 Selection of industries
6.2 Selectionof dug wells
u3

6.
7.

Action Plan and Time frame
Outcomes and Applications32

1. Introduction
 Purpose of the programme is to find asolution for a specific water pollution
issue and find a better solution and finally
apply findings among partner countries.
 WEPA has selected ground waterpollution by industrial effluent in Sri Lanka
as the action programme for 2017 fiscalyear.

32. Objectives
 Evaluate the wastewater pollution control strategies

and sludge disposal methods in selected high polluting
industries in Gampaha district.

 Investigate water quality in selected areas to identify

relationship on ground water contaminations due toIndustrial discharges.

 Develop Policies, Guidelines or improve existing

guidelines on siting of Industries and waste disposal.

 Develop ground water maps.

4

3. SELECTION OF PROJECT AREALand area 1386.6 km2
Percentage of the total
land area is 2.11%

5

Project Area

6

Criteria for Selection of the Study Area
 Population Growth and Density
 Industrial Density and high Polluting Industries

with Industrial Effluent Discharges
 Ground water usage
 Ground water Contamination Incidents
 Wastewater & sludge disposal (containing heavymetals )7

Population growth in Gampaha District
YearGampaha Distict

Sri Lanka

1981 census

1,390,862 (9.37%)

14,846,750

2001 census 2,063,684 (10.91%)

18,914,866

2012 census 2,294,641 (11.27%)

20,359,439

8

Population Density – Gampaha District(Source: Department of Census and Statistics – 2001, Sri Lanka,)

9Industry distribution in Sri Lanka( CEA data base August 2017)

Total A

Total B

Total BOI

Total

Colombo2260(18.99%)1382(13.04%)244(22.87%)5907(12,43%)Gampaha

1843(15.49%)1335(12.60%)317(29.71%)5489(11.55%)

Sri Lanka

11,901

10,599

1,067

47538

10

Industry Distribution
250

200

150

100

A - High Polluting Industry
B - Meedium Polluting Industry

50011

Groundwater USE in Sri Lanka
 Estimated groundwater potential in Sri Lanka:
app. 7800 x 106m3/year rainwater is the main
source of recharge.
(Natural Resource of Sri Lanka, 1991)

72% of the rural
population
22% of theurban
population

60% of the total
population

dependent on groundwater fordomestic water supply(Central Bank of Sri Lanka 2006)

 Towns of Jaffna, Batticaloa, Mannar, Vavuniya andPuttalam:>90% depending on groundwater aquifer
12Ground water usage in Colombo & Gampaha
Districts( study of the management of ground water resources in Sri Lanka)

ColomboGampaha

Population rely on
ground water %

34.8

75.4

Ground water usage– individuals m3/d

78,000156,000

Registered deep bore 342
hole wells
Ground water for
piped supply m3 / d0890
5,859

1413

Rain Fall Pattern of the area


The Climate of Sri Lanka is dominated by topographical featuresof the country and the Southwest and Northeast monsoons
regional scale wind regimes.

The Climate experienced during 12 months period ischaracterized in to 4 climate seasons.

First Inter Monsoon Period ( March - April)South West Monsoon Period ( May – September)

Second Inter Monsoon Period ( October – November)North East Monsoon ( December – February)

14

Recent ground water pollution incidents reported
as a result of Industrial discharges
2016 accidental effluent release from wastewater collection ponddue to heavy floods in South Asia Textile mill.

2015 Ground water contamination due to Palm oil effluent & sludge
disposal on land. AEN Palm Oil , Baduraliya.

2014 Well water contamination in Rathupaswala (Gampaha area) dueto industrial effluent discharge on land by Venigross Pvt Ltd ( rubberglove manufacturing industry)

2011 ground water contaminated with waste oil discharge fromPower plants in Chunnakum area in Jaffna peninsula.

16

15

4. Sampling Locations, Frequency & Parameters
Proposed to have 04 sampling intervals.
 In April ( 1st inter monsoon ), July ( middle of monsoon),
September ( end of SW monsoon) & Nov / Dec ( end of2nd inter monsoon ) Due to limited time frame 03 sampling intervals can beconducted.
 In September ( end of SW monsoon) , November (end ofsecond inter monsoon period) & late December /January ( North East monsoon ).
 Total samples to be analyzed per interval is 134
including reference wells.
 Total of 402 samples to be analyzed during the period ofthe study.
 The groundwater table (levels) in selected wells will bemonitored by automatic gauges and manual
measurements.
16

Sampling Frequency & Parameters Contd..
 Common Parameters such as ;

COD
 EC
 pH,
 Nitrates
 Phosphates
 Ammonia
 Chloride Specific Parameters such as heavy metals will be analyzed
depending on the type of industrial discharge.
 Sample analysis will be done by CEA laboratory & byoutsourced laboratories .
17Selected Industry ListIndustry

1

Chemicals
usedType

Idea Metals Ltd, Wester seaton Manufacturing
Building
Estate, Negombo.

ofHardware’s(Hirges), ,CaOH Hcl H2So4
NaoH
Cyanodull

2Star
Textile,Processing
Textiles & Leather
Industries,Kadirana,
Negombo.

Disperse Dyes
Reactive Dyes
Hydrogen Peroxide
Caustic Soda
Soda Ash
Acetic acid
CausticSoda
H2O2
CH3CooH

Source ofwater e

Daily
Discharge& Final
point

Deep well Water
8m3 /D
Processing 8-10m3 Finalpoint=Artificial/D
Pond in theDomestic = 10m3
/D
IndustrialPremises
Ground well & 100 – 150 m3/ D
Final point = Ela
Tube well
3100 – 150 m / day

3KnitFin(Pvt)
Ltd),
Textiles & Leather
Wanguthota Watta, Giridara,
Kapugoda.

SurfacewaterKelaniRiver
20 m3/D

18 m3/D
Treatment
plant
available
Gardening
Discharged
into
C.W.W.T.P.

4sulphate, 400m3/d from public
Sithro Garments Finishing, Gampaha Industrial washing & Sodium
sodiumcarbonate, supply
special finishing
Road, Ekala
calcium hypochlorite,
sodiumhydroxide,dyes

400m3/d treated anddischarge in to astream

1918

5DSI Bikes, Rathupaswala

Painting
assembling
bikes& Caustic
soda, well waterof Sulphuricacid, extract 5 m3/d
Hydrochloric acid,
oxalic acid,
For WWTP –sodium carbonate,zinc phosphate

Wastewater
5m3/d, wastewater
treat and used forgardening.

6

Unidil Corrugated Cartons Pvt Ltd, Manufacture
corrugated cartons
Dompe, Dekatana

Paints,printingglue
AluminumHydroxidefor
WWTP

Extract well water,
3m3/d,
1.5 – 2 m3/d, usedfor washing

5m3/d, , treat anduse for gardening

7Oxford Dyeing (Pvt) Ltd, Ragama
Textiles & Leather
Rd, Kadawatha.

Public Supply
Ground water
59 – 60m3/D

53m3/D
Finalpoint
Marshy land

8

SwisstekAluminum

Caustic Soda
H2O2Gypsum Salt
Soda Ash
CH3CooH
Dyes
Na2CO3sulphuricacid,sodium hydroxide,nitric acid,

Neighbors use well
water but high Fecontent.
Use public watersupply use 40m3/d

40m3/deffluent
transporttoMadampitiya
pumping
stationearlier discharged
in to downstream
paddy lands

Aluminum
Extrusion=2019Chemicals
usedSource ofwater

Biyagama Export Processing Zone Industries
manufacture(BEP3)
gloves,Lace,Garments,Walgama, Malwana.
threads, Button,Granites,
ShoeSoles,
Rubberbands, lyeing of
fabrics/items,PrintingofCurrency, Tyres
etc

Dyes, Textile
auxillaries, Washing
Chemicals glove
manufacturing
Chemicals.

Public Supply (NWSDB)
Processing & Washing
18000m3/day
Domestic 7000m3/day

1300014000m3/day

South Asia Textile Industries Lanka Dyeing,(Pvt) Ltd,
Printing,
No.20, Pugoda.
Knitting,
FinishingDyes, Textile
auxillaries, Washing
Chemicals

Processing 4200m3/D
Kelani River

HolcimIndustry

910

Daily
Discharge& Finalpoint

TypeFinal point - Ela

2120

11

Rhino Colourup, Minuwangoda Painted
sheetsRoad, Ekala.

Asbestos Thinner,
Primer Public supply 1m3/d(water base) paint12

Bettans
Lanka
Molawatta, Leather tanning
finishing
Minuwangoda Rd. Kotugoda

13

Tan Rite International, Wattala.

14

Mount packs pvt. Ltd.
32, Narampala Rd, Katulanda

Wastewater
discharge
frommachine
washing
1m3/d& Chrome,
sodium Surface
water–formate,sodium stream, 40 – 50 m3/d
bicarbonate, sulphuricacid, liquid ammonia,etc.

40 – 50 m3/ddischarge in to a fishpond & finally tostream

Leather finishing

Piped water Process 5
Chrome Powder,
Boronandother m3chemicals
domestic 3 m3/d

5 m3/d untreated
WW to Kelani River

Corrugated cartoon

Extract well water, 1Paints, printing glue
Aluminum Hydroxide m3/d,
1.5 – 2 m3/d, used forfor WWTP
washing

2m3/d, , treat andstore a pit

2221

1516

Crystal EnterprisesLtd), Wattala.

Lanka Washing Unit,Seeduwa.

(Pvt) Garment
Washing

TextilesLeather

Desizing Agents,
Enzymes, Softeners,
Bleaching Powder

Public supply andground water 40
m3& Detergents,Euziuies Groundwater(Ecozime-v-88) Bleach, processing 100 m3
Anti bacdomestic 100 m3

40m3/dstreamintoa

101 m3/d toLagoon.

23

22

Disposal of sludge in the river bank – Tanrite International Pvt Ltd, Wattala

23

Wastewater Discharge from Mount packindustry

24Location of wells close to Knit Fin Pvt Ltd, Kapugoda

25

Location of wells close to South Asia Textiles

26

5. Present Status of Action Programme• 16 wastewater generating industries were selected.
◦ Selected industrial activities are chemical, leather, basic metal &textile.
u2◦ Water sampling sources and points were selectedconsidering location of respective industry, land use, nearby water sources, drainage pattern of the area and groundwater flow.
◦ Locations were mapped and sample analysis are in progress.

2827

6.

Outline of work

DATETASKS

AugustSeptember 2017

- Preparation & Signing of contract- Collection of necessary data
- Start industrial inspection & site selections for theimplementation of the program

October 2017

- Conduct field work, sampling & laboratory analysis, etc.
- Information dissemination & awareness work shop for near byresidents.

November 2017

-Submission of Mid-term report to IGES

November 2017 – February 2018
-Continue implementing the program
Preparation for the Final Report
Preparation of draft Guideline based on the findings.
Organizing and making presentation at the Final Dissemination
Workshop

By 28th February 2018

Submission of the Final Report and Guideline to IGES
Submission of the Work Completion Report and relevant
documents .

28

7.

Expected Outcomes Strengthen the capacity of CEA staff in industrial inspection

and water quality monitoring aspects.
 Development of a comprehensive baseline data set on
industrial pollution control measures and surrounding water
environment in selected areas of Gampaha.
 Incorporate the information in decision making underfollowing aspects:◦ Restrict industrial siting for selected industry types basedon the study.
◦ Identify industry types suitable for the area including
pollution control techniques.
 Based on the sludge disposal in the area initiation of sludge
disposal guideline.

29