6 66

UNDESCRIBEDSPECIES'OF JAPANESECRANE-FLIES(Diptera:Tipulidae)
PART VII

By

CHARLES'P. ALEXAI{DERIUNDESCRIBEDSPECIESOF JAPANESECRANE-FLIES(Diptera: Tipulidae)
PART VIICHARLES P. ALEXANDER,
University of Massachusetts,
Amherst,Massachusetts

The initial part of this seriesof paperswas publishedin the Annalsof the Entomological Society of America, !2 :327-848, 1g1g; thepreceding part in the Annals, 40 : 350-371, 1947. In the present
report I "qr cons{ruingthe limits of the paper as including the-former
JapaneseEmpire- and am discussingspeciesnot only from the mainislands-ofJapan but also from Manchuria, Korea and Formosa. Except
where indicated to the contrary the types of the new speciesare preservedin my personalcollectionof crane-flies.
For a discussion of conditions in northern Korea where very
extensive series of crane-flies were taken by Mr. Alexander M.
Yankovsky between 1937 and 1940, a paper by the writer should be
consulted.l For the itinerary of the Japaneseexpeditionto Manchuria,
including Jehol, the report by Tokunagazmay be consulted.

GenusTipula Linnaeus
Tipula (Yamatotiputa)nigrolamina n. sp.
General coloration Bray, the praescutum with four inconspicuous{arker gray stripesthat are faintly marginedwith darker; nasuslacking;flagellar segmentsincised; wings with a brownish yellow tinge, onll'slightly variegated; stigma oval, brown; Rs about two and one-halftimes ,n-cu; male hypopygium with the tergite transverse,the caudal
margin produced into two conspicuousobtuse lobes that are provided
with black setae; gonapophyseswith unusually short stems, the large
bladesblackened.
Matre.-Length, about 15 nlllt.; wing, I7.5 mm.; antenna, about
4.t nun.
Frontal prolongationof head relatively long, subequalto rernainderof head, black, heavily pruinose,especiallyon dorsum; nasuslacking;palpi black. Antennae with scapebrownish black, pruinose; pedicel
dark brown, flagellum black; flagellar segmentsrelatively short, conspicuously incised; longest verticils about as long as the segments;
terminal segmentnearly one-half as long as the penultimate, slender.
lAlexander, Charles P. 1945. Undescribed species of crane-flies from
northern Korea'(Diptera, Tipuloidea). Trans. R. Ent. Soc. London, 95: 2n-26.
sTokunaga, Shigeyasu. 1934. Natural scienceresearch of the first scientificexpedition to Manchoukuo. Sect. l: l-76, 391 figs., ffiopi itinerary in English,
pp.4b76.
418

I e5ol.sse Crane-.tlie
Alexanrler: J a.pane+19

Head light gray; vertical tubercle developed as a tiny conical protuberance;anteriorvertex broad, ttearlyfive tirnesthe diameterof scape,the eyes correspondinglysntall.
Pionotal scuturn gt"y, weakly infuscated rtredially; scutellutn arrd
pretergites yellow. Mesonotal praescutum light Bray, with four darker
gray siripes that are very inconspicuousagainst the groun_d;a capillarydari< brown median vitta, the remaining clarkened borders less conspicuousbut evident; praescutalinterspacesvery inconspicuous;scutum
gray, the lobes with scarcely darkened rings; scutellum _gray,variegatedwith three pale lines, includirrg a median dash; mediotergite clearer
gray; pleurotergite gray, the katapleurotergite rnore_yellowed. Pleuragt"y, the dorsopleural rnembrane broadly yellow. - Halteres with stem
obs-cureyellow,- base of knob weakly darkened, the apex agairr pale.
Legs with the coxae light gray; trochanters yettow; femora obscureyellow, the tips very gradually rnore blackerred;_tibiaebrownish black;larsi black; claws long, with conspicuoustooth. Wirrgs with a browtrish
yellow tinge, the cells beyond cord a trifle more darkened.;prearcularheld and cell Sc clearer yellow; stignrzroval, brown, its proxir-rtalportiorr
sornewhat ntore yellowecl; cells beyond stigma a trifle ntore whitened;
obliterative area acrosscell .1st Mz poorly indicated;veins browtt, yellow
i1 the flavous fields. Macrotrichia of veins beyond cord conspicuousand relatively abunclant. \,'enation: Rs long and nearly straight, about
two and one-half times the obliqlre rn-cui R+z entire; petiole of. cell Mt
subequalto m; m-cu on M+ shortly beyond origin of .latter.
Abdomen with first tergite dark gray, bordered by yellow; succeeding tergites reddish, with indications of two broken stripes, these very
faint and poorly indicated on the more proximal segments, becoming
distinct on about the fifth segrnent; lateral borders of tergites broadly,
the caudal nrargins more narrowly yellow; basal sternites yellow, .theouter segrnentsdarker and rnore pruirrose; outer segments,inclucling
hypopygium, conspicuously blackenecl. Male -hypopygiunr with thetrirgitc irarrs.'crse, the caudal nrargirr produced into two conspicuous
obtuse lobes that arc separatedby " srrrallerrounded notch; vestitureof lobcs appearing as aburrdarrt lorrg black setae but without spirres.
Ilasistylc rather strongly producedcaudad so that its apex.liesahnost as
far disiad as does the apex of the ninth tergite. Outer dististyle arcuated, dusky, gradually rrarrowed to the slender obtuse tip. Inner
spines, a.sin ompoensisand some otherdististyle without conspicuor,rs
specles,generally triangular in outline, the_rostralportion narrowed, its
irrto a low lobe or flange, with a srnallv^entral margin produced-imrnediately
beneath it; no developed outer basal
blackened point
lobe, its position heavily blackened and thickened but n9t procluced. Ninth sternite with the n-redianregion broadly metnbranous
behind and bearing a transverse flattened hairy lobe. Gonapophysis
appearing as atr urmsually large blackened blade, more or less mittenwith thc b:rsalstenr unusually short. _ Eighth_sterrriteunarrned.
shiped,'IIabitat:
Northerrr Iiorea. Holotype, d, Seren Mountairts, altitudc
3000feet, Jurre2(i, 1938 (Yankovsky).
Other generally similar speciesin Japan and .Korea jt_,"I".d-"Tipulu(Yamatoti/ula) kamikochiensisAlexander, T. (Y.) machidai Alexander,i. (f .) ompoensisAlexander, and T. (f.) sempiterna.Pvlexander.The

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Annals Entomological Society of America[Vol. 48,

present fly differs very conspicuously in the structure of the malehypopygium, especially the tergite, inner dististyle and gonapophysis.
Tipula (Arctotipula) conjuncta conjunctoides n. subsp.
Male.-Length, about 20 mm.;wing, lg mm.;antenna,about 6 mm.
Described from an alcoholic specimen.
characters as in typical conjincta,
differing as follows:-theAntennae weakly bicolored,
extreme pioximal
end of each segment obscure yellow, the remainder dark; distal end of individuil
flagellar segm_entsnot produced, the outer end being narrower thanthe basal enlargement (compare typical conjunc!,aAlexander, lg2b
Encycl. .Entomol., Diptera, 2 ;88-8-9, fig. i, antenna, and fig. B,
venation).
General coloration of thorax (in alcohol) dark gray, the abdomen
chiefly obscure yellow- Legs longer and more slender-than in typicalconjuncto, .this probably a sexual character. Wing pattern almost
exactly as in conjuncta,the veins a little darker. Macrotrichia of veins
lacking or virtually so on Rs and its anterior branch, abundant on distal
end of vein Rn+uand on distal ends of outer medial branches. Venation:
Cell Rawith inner end more pointed, cell Rz at margin being correspond.ingly_widened,about one-half as extensiveas ce11?3;inn6r end of cell
! tt Mr. less pointed ; cell M 1 much deeper, approximately three times
its petiole.
Male hyPopygiup large and powerfully constructed. Ninth tergite
extensive, depressed,the caudal margin with a deep, parallel-siEed
median notch, the very broad lateral lobes truncated af ape*, the outer
lateral portion rounded; dorsal surface of tergite with a6undant shortdense setae. Inner dististylg produced into a very long slender simple
beak; entire outer surface of style with coarse setae. nigfrtn sternite
unarmed, without lobes or hair-pencils.
H abilat: Manchuria (Jehol).
^ Holotype, alcotrolic &, No. 25, without more specific data. Seereferenceto the Manchoukuo Fxpedition in introduciion to this paper.
Typical conjuncta is still known only from the Ussuri Diitiict.
eastern Siberia. In its general appearance the present fly is ver\similar and I would have consideredihe two as being identicai it lt *er-e
not for the structure of the antennae and the venation. fn size, an,Cin coloration of the body and wings, the two flies are very similar to
one another. They may be separatedby the following key:
1. Flagellar segmentswith outer end slightly producedto form a rveakserration;
cell Mr of wings shallow,shorterttran its petiole.......conjuncta conjuncta
Flagellar segmentswidest at the basal enlarfement, the distai end narrdw;
cell Mr deep, approximately three times iti petiole. . conjuncta conjunctoides

posi_tionof conjuncta had been held in question. ^- The -subgs_ngric(Alexander,Philippine Journ. Sci.,-193b,b7 :8b) but its refer^encetoArctotipula Alexander now seemsfully justified since the general structure of the male hypopygium is very suggestive of that of Tiputo(Arctotipula). miyadii Alexander, of the Kurile Islands. The speciesis
told from all other now rather numerous members of the subg:enusbv
the fusion of veins Rn+uand Mprz, obliterating the r-m crossvein.

1e50lAlexander: JapaneseCrane-fl.ies

421

Tipula (fuctotipula)laterodentatan. s1).
Generalcolorationgray, the praescutumwith four darker stripesthat are incompletely bordered with darker brown; nasus lacking;antennae black, the more basal flagellar segments with their proximal
portions brightened; femora brownish yellow, the tips blackened;claws (male)loothed; wirrgsbrownish yellow, restrictedly patterned withdarker, including the blackerredstigma; basal abdominal tergites reddish, with a brold black central stripe, the first tergite, sternite attdouter segments rnore uniformly dark gray; ninth segment blackened;male hypopygium with outer angle of tergal lobe produced irrto an acutespine; outer distist)'le conspicuouslydilated at near rnidlength;_irtrter
dististyle at apex expanded irrto a blade, the rostral portion_glabrous,
the upper angle with powerful setae;face of style with a strong blackened
splne.
Male.-Length, about 16-17 mm.; wing, 16.5-18 mm.; antenna,
about 3.3-3.6 mm.
Frontal prolongation of head moderately long, dark Bray, without
nasus; palpi black, relatively short, especially the terminal segment.
Antennae ielatively short, black, the scape and pedicel gray pruinose;bases of proximal four or five flagellar segments restrictedly obscureyellow, the remainder black; flagellar segments subcylindrical, with
icarcely indicated basal enlargements, the verticils exceeding thesegments. Head gray, the vertex with a broad brown central stripe;
eyls relatively small, anterior vertex unusually broad, nearly fivetimes the diameter of scape.
Pronotum gray, somewhat weakly infuscated medially, the scutellum and pretergites obscure yellow. Mesonotum EruY,the prae.scutum with four darker gray stripes, the outer borders of the intermediatepair and the inner m-arginsof the lateral stripes darker brown; eachscutal lobe with two brownish gray areas; mediotergite with a central
irrfuscation or short stripc; r,'estitureof mesonotum relatively long but
sparse, alrlost whitc. Pleura gray,the dorsopleural membrane buffy
yellow, conspicuously variegated ort dorsal portion with dark brown.
ll"lteres rvith stem yellow, knob brownish black. Legs with coxae
light gra)'; trochanters somewhat darker gray; femora brownish yellow,tl^ietrps blackened, the amount subequal on all legs but with the.Posterior pair nrore fulvous yellow, precedingthe darkened portions; .tibiae
black,-the bases restrictedly obscure yellow; tarsi black; claws (rnale)with strong subbasal tooth. Wings with the ground brownish yellow,
restrictedly patterned with darker; prearcular field extensively ye!lowed; stigrna oval, conspicuouslyblackened; cell ,Scweakly infuscated;
cord arrd rnost of the veins beyond it insensibly seamed with darker,
rnost evident over the posterior cord and distal ends of the outer radial
cells; veins dark brown, yellow in the prearcular field. No squamal
setae; veins unusually glabrous, as is common in the subgenus,beyond
the cord with an extensive seriesover most of the outer section of Ra15.
Venation : Rr+z entire but short and oblique; lRs relatively long, about
two and one-half times n-cu; petiole of cell Mr subequal to m; cell /st
Mz relatively long and narrow, its inner end more or less poin!"d.
Basal abdominal tergite gray, the succeeding four tergites colrspicuously reddened,with a broad black central stripe that is narrowly

+22

Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America[Vol. 43,

irrterrupted aL the posterior borders of the segments; lateral tergalborders tight gray, vaguety bordered internally by more brownish gray;sternites and outer tergites Bray, rnore or less patterned with nlore
reddish areas;ninth segment,exceptingthe outer dististyle, blackened.
Male hypopygium with the lateral lobes of tergite broad, truncated,
separatedby a deep U-shapedmedian notch; outer anglesof lobesproduced into strong chitinized points; ventral surfaceof mesal angleswith
a strong blackened chitinized blade or flange; tergite with abundant
black setae,on the mesal portions even more denseand conspicuous.
Outer dististyle widely dilated at near rnidlength, its greatest width
exceedingone-half the length, the more narrowed apex obtuse. fnner
dististyle moderately wide, at apex dilated into a truncated blade, thelower or rostral portion subglabrous,the upper part with about eight ornine powerful setae;face of style with a strong blackenedspirre.
Habitat: Northern Korea. Holotype,d, SerenMountains, altitude
2500feet, June 15, 1938(Yankovsky). Parotopotypes,6& d.
Readily told from the other regional members of the subgenusby
the coloration of the body and antennaeand especiallyby the structureof the male hypopygium, particularly the tergite and inner dististyle.
The characters of the subgenusand a list of the regional specieshavc
been given by the writer in earlier papers (1933,Philippine Journ. Sci.,
52 :410-4ll; 1935, idem, 57 : 116-117). Lackschewitz (1936, Trav.
Inst. ZooI. Acad. Sci. URSS, 4 :245-312) has attempted to synonymize
certain of the Nearctic species of. Arctotipulo described by the writerwith other common and widespread Arctic forms, specifically Tipula(Arctotipul,a)aleuticaAlexanderwith ?. (A.) bessel,siOsten Sacken,theAlexanderwith f . @.)latter the subgenotype, and T. (A.) alascaensis
ciliata Lundstrom of Arctic Eurasia. I can affirm that in neither ofthese instancesis the placing in synonymy justified and both speciesare
entirely valid. Actually besselsiis very closeto the commonestspecies
in Arctic Europe, T. (A.) salicetorumSiebke (nigricornis Zetterstedt,
not Macquart), both having a peculiar blackenedsclerotizedannaturc
on the ventral surfaceof the ninth tergite. It is becomingincreasingll'
evident that there are relatively numerous species in the Holarctic
Region, somc closely interrelated yet nevertheless quite distinct.
Attention again may be called to the fact that the northern Europearr
T. (A.) tumidecornisLundstrom and the Nearctic T. (A.) ill,ustris
Doane (fuscipennisLoew, 1865,nec Curtis, 1834) are actually species
of. Arctotipula and not members of the genus PrionoceraLoew, wherc
they have commonly been placed.
Tipula (Arctotipula) mediodentata n. sp.
Size large (wing, 18 mm.); generalcoloration gray, the praescuturrr
with four darker brownish gray stripes; nasus elongate; antennae withpedicel obscure yellow, flagellum brownish black; femora yellow, thetips conspicuouslyblackened; claws (male) toothed; wings brownish
yellow, weakly patterned with darker; stigma oval, dark brown, in malewith about 25 trichia, glabrous in female; veins beyond cord withnumerous trichia; male hypopygium with the tergite narrowed outwardly, the caudal margin with a broad but deep U-shaped mediannotch, the sides of lobes adjoining the notch produced caudad into

1e5olAlexander: JapaneseCrone-fl,ies

423

slender setuliferous points; outer dististyle greatly expanded outwardly;
inner dististyle with the outer basal lobe a blackened spine, with two
further smaller spines on margin; gonapophysis with abundant microscopic tubercles.
Male.-Length, about 16 mm.;wing, 18 mm.;antenna, about 4 mm.
Femal,e.-Length,about 17 mm.; wing, 18 mm.
Frontal prolongation- of head relatively short, dar\ gray; nasus
conspicuous,nearly one-half the length of the prolongation, truncatedat apex; palpi with basal three segments dark brown, the terminal one
pale yellowish brown. Antennae with scapelight brown, gray pruinose,
pedicel obscure yellow, flagellum brownish black; flagellar segments(male) relatively short, moderately incised, with the basal enlargements
becorningwell-indicated on the more distal segments;terminal segment
more than three-fourths the length of the penultimate; longest verticils
slightly exceeding the segments in length. Head light graY, a trifle
more infuscated on the broad vertex, particularly in female; vertical
tubercle not or scarcely indicated; vestiture of vertex relatively long,
blackened.
Pronotum infuscated medially, gray on sides; scutellum and pretergites light yellow. Mesonoturn grdy, the praescutum with fourdarker brownish gray stripes, ntuch more distinct and contrasted infemale, the stripes entire or with the mesal edges of the intermediatepair slightly more darkened; scutal lobes conspicuously patterned withbrownish gray; scutellum broadly dark brown; mediotergite with arnuch narrower capillary brown central stripe; pleurotergite with thekatapleurotergite more infuscated. Pleura gr:ay, somewhat darker on
the anepisternum, the dorsopleural membrane broadly light yellow; in
fernale,the rnembranemore infuscated, especiallyposteriorly. Halteres
obscure yellow, the base of knob restrictedly more darkened. Legs
with the coxaegray, with long setae;trochanters yellow; femora yellow,
the tips conspicuouslyblackened, the amount approximately equal on
all legs; tibiae and basitarsi light brown, darker at tips, remainder oftarsi black; claws (male) toothed. Wings with a weak brownish yellow
tinge, darker beyond cord; prearcular field and cell Sc more yellowed;
stigma oval, dark brown, conspicuous,provided with about 25 trichia
in male, glabrous in female; narrow pale brown seamson cord and outerend of vein M; veins beyond cord and the axillary border less evidently
seamedwith brown. Squama naked; veins beyond cord with abundanttrichia, particularly in radial field, becoming more sparse in the medial
field, oi Mn only at base. Venation: Rs about two and one-half times
rn-cu; Rr+z relatively short, pale and with trichia only near origin; infemale, vein l?s longer and more extended; second section of M t+z
arcuate, widening cell Ist Mz; m about twice the petiole of cell Mt.
Abdomen of male with basal tergite gray, with a brown central spot ;succeeding tergites yellow with a broad brownish black median stripethat is broadly intermpted by the yellow posterior borders of the segments, lateral tergal borders paling to gray; sternites gray, the caudal
borders narrowly yellow; outer segments, including hypopygium, more
uniformly blackened, the outer dististyle conspicuously yellow. In thefemale, the abdomen is somewhat the same but the gray lateral tergalborders are margined internally by somewhat paler brown, not forming

124

Annals EntornologicalSocietyof Arnerica[Vol. 43,a distinct sublateral stripe; pleural membrane dark. Ovipositor withthe genital shield and the preceding segment dark brown; cerci compressed,yellow, the margins smooth; hypovalvae much deeper, theirtips truncated. Male hypopygium with the tergite large, the basal
third glabrous, the outer portion with dense black setae; outer andnarrowed to give a general convex appearanceto the distal portion, thernedian region with a deep and broad U-shapednotch; sides of notch
produced caudad into slenderyellow points that are denselysetuliferous.
Outer dististyle greatly expanded at outer end, appearing generally
triangular in outline, the width across the truncated apex exceeding
two-thirds the length of the style. Inner dististyle elongate, strongly
bent at near midlength; beak more or less truncate, its sides with aconspicuousblackened lateral flange back from the apex; outer basal
lobe a short but powerful blackened spine; margin of styte basad of thisspine with two smaller erect spinous points. Gonapophysis-widened
outwardly, the tip membranous,the surfacewith abundant microscopic
tubercles.
Habitat: Northern Korea. Holotype, &, Chonsani, altitude 4300
feet, July 14, 1937 (Yankovsky). Allotopotype,I , pinrred with type.
Paratopotype,9, samedata.
Although generally similar to Tipula (Arctotipul,a) l,aterodentata
n. sp., the present fly is entirely distinct, particularly in the nasusandin the structure of the male hypopygium, as the tergite, both dististyles
and the gonapophysis.
Tipula (Acutipula) bicompressan. sp.
Allied to bipenicillata;size large (wing, male, over 20 mm.) ; wings
yellowish brown, the prearcular and costal fields more yellowed; obliterative band conspicuous;male hypopygium with the median lobe ofninth tergite unusually slender; inner dististyle with the outer beakproducedinto a bulbous or spatulalike lobe, with a small slenderspine
near its base; eighth sternite sheathing,on either side of apical portion
flattenedlobe that is denselycoveredwith short setae.
with a compressed
Mal,e.-Length, about 20 ntm.; wing, 2l mm.; antenna, about
5 . 1m m .
Frontal prolongation of head blackened,sparselypruinoseabove atbase; nasus elongate; palpi black, incisures restrictedly brightened;
terminal segment not exceedingtwice the penultirnate. Antennae ofmoderatelength;scapeand pedicelyellow;first flagellarsegnrentobscureyellow, restrictedly darkenedat base;succeedingsegmentsvery vaguell'
bicolored, darkened at base, the stems a trifle paler; outer segments
more uniformly dark brown. Head gray; eyes large; anterior vertex
relatively narrow, only about one and one-half times the greatest
diameter of scape.
Pronotum obscure yellow. Mesonotal praescutum and scutunr
rnore brownish gray, the fornrer without clearly defined stripes; scutellurn and postnotum more yellow pollinose. Pleura, inciuding dorsopleural membrane,uniformly yellow. Halteres with stem yellow, knob
infuscated. Legs with the coxaeand trochanters yellow; remainder oflegselongate;femoraand tibiae obscureyellow;the tips very narrowly andinconspicuouslydarkened;tarsi brown, the outer segmentspassinginto
black; claws (male) toothed. Wings with a strong yellowish browrr

1e501

Alexander: JapaneseCrane-fl,ies

125

tinge, the prearcular and costal fields clearer yellow; stigma oval, darker
brown; obliterative band along cord conspicuous,entering the base ofcell Ma i veins dark brown, more yellowed in the brightened fields.
Squama with trichia; veins beyond cord without trichia, excepting a
restricted series along vein ftn+u. Venation : ftr+, entire; cell Rz narrowed at base; m a little exceedingthe petiole of cell M i rn-cu a shortdistance before the fork of Ma+t.
Abdomen with basal tergites obscure yellow, the outer ones somewhat more darkened medially; caudal borders of tergites very narrowly, the lateral margins more broadly pale yellow; basal sternites
yellow; outer segmentspassing into black. Male hypopygium with theninth tergite produced into an unusually slender lobe, the tip entire,densely set with short blackened spines. Outer dististyle relatively
small, widest at near midlength, the tip obtuse. Inner dististyle small;beak small and slender, outer beak produced into a bulbous or spatulatelobe, its lower margin further produced into an obtuse flange; between
the two beaks with a small straight spine; outer margin of style with
abundant erect setae. Eighth sternite sheathing, on either side of theapical portion with a conspicuous longitudinal compressed-flattened
lobe that is densely covered with short setae; median space between
lobes wide, filled with pale membrane.
Habitat: Northern Korea. Holotype, &, Puksu Pyaksan, altitude2500 feet, June 8, 1939 (Yankovsky).
Tipul,a (Acutipula) bicompressois most similar to T. (A.) bipenicillata Alexander and T. (A.) tokionis Alexander, differing from bothparticularly in the structure of the male hypopygium, including thetergite, both dististyles, and the eighth sternite.
Tipula Ounatipula) sublimitata atrodeclivis n. subsp.
Male.-Length, about 19 mm.; wing, 19 mm.; antenna, about
6.3mm.
Generally similar to typical subl,irnitata.Prlexander,of Kamtchatka,differing chiefly in the structure of the male hypopygium, as follows:
Ninth tergite with the mesal faces of the tergal lobes heavily blackened
and precipitous. Outer dististyle dilated into a slightly flattened
blade. Inner dististyle with beak very slender; outer basal lobe asmall thumblike lobe. Eighth sternite with the lateral lobes relatively
short and stout, blackened, each lobe narrowed outwardly, terminating
in an acute sclerotized point, the face and mesal margin with abundant
long coarsesetae; beneath the lateral lobes and closer to midline with apair of smaller darkened obtusely pointed lobes. In the typical form,
the lateral lobes of the eighth sternite are elongate, decussateacrossthe
midline, their tips expanded,blunt.
Habitat: Northern Korea. Hol,oty|e, d, Seren Mountains, altitude5000 feet, August 2, 1938 (Yankovsky).

Genus Dicran ota Zetterstedt
Dicranota(Dicranota)profundan. sp.
General coloration of thorax brownish yellow, the pleura and posterior sclerites clearer yellow; legs brownish yellow; wings uniforrnly

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Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America[Vol. 43,

pale yellowi ftr+s+rlong, subequal to or exceedingm-cu; cell M2 openi
abdomett brownish yellow, the subterminal segrnentsdarkened to fornr
a ring; ntale hypopygiurn with the tergite profoundly incised medially,
the notch urtusually deep and nerrrow, each lateral lobe further subdivided by a smallerettutrgin:ltion,the internrerliatelobulesthus formerl
long arrd slerrder.
M al,e.-Length, about il-5.5 lnnl. ; wing, 5.5-6 lnnt.
F-emale.-Length,about 5.5-O ntm.; wing, 6.3-7 mm.
Rostrum brownish yellow; palpi pale brown. Antennae relatively
sholt; scape yellow, remainder of orgall black. Head dark gray, paler
behind.
Thorax obscure yellow or brownish yellow, the pleura and posteriorscleritesof notum clearer yellow; in cases,the pronotum and praescutuma trifle darker. Halteres with stem yellow, knob weakly infuscated.
Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow; remainder of legs obscurebrownish yellow, the outer segments passing into pale brown. Wings
uniformly pale -u"ellow;stigma barely indicated; veins pale brown, alittle more yellowed in the basal and costal regions. \renation: Sc
moderately long, Scr ending about opposite the fork of Rr+r+n, Sc,
shortly before midlength of the distance between arculus and origin of-Rs,'supernumerary crossvein in cell Rr usually present, in cases very
faint to lacking i Rz+s+rlong, subequal to or exceeding rn-cui Rz far
distad, nearly perpendicular, longer than R,+z; basal section of .Rr,very
reduced to lacking, Rs being in virtual alignment with the secondsectionof the vein; cell M2 open; m-cu opposite or before midlength of Mr+4
Abdomen with tergites brownish 1'ellow, the posterior borders
clearer )'ellow; sternites clear yellow; subterminal segments moredarkened to form a ring; styli of hypopygium obscure yellow. Male
hypopygiurn with the tergite profoundly incised medially, the notch
unusually cleepand narrow, each lobe further subdivided by a smaller
emarginatiorr, the intermediate lobules thus fornred long and slender,
jutting beyond all other parts of the tergite, obtuse at apex and tippedwith a few short setae. Ilasistyle with interbase a broad flattened
blade, irregular in outline, widest about opposite midlength, the bulging
outer margin with microscopic crenulations or weak semrlations; inner
margin of interbasewith a short spinouspoint; extreme apex of basistyleshort-pointed, provided with three or four stout spinous setae. Two
dististyles, both elongate, the outer cylindrical, with abundant stout
setae, those nearest apex stronger and subspirrous;inner style about as
long, its basal third a little dilated, the outer part a flattened blade withthe apex obtusely rounded.
Habitat,: Japan (Honshu). Holotype, d, Funakosi, Iwateken, altitude 100 meters, Moy 21, 1947 (U. Yamamoto). Allotopoty?e, g ,4 d 9, pinned with the types.
Parotopolypes,
The ntost sinrilar regional speciesis Dicranota (Dicranota) nippoalpina Alexander, of the JapaneseAlps, which differs very strikingly inall rletails of structure of the male hypopygiunr. The superficiallysonrewhat sinrilar species of the subgenus Rhaphidolabis, including
D. (R.) consorsAlexanderand D. (R.) nficonsorsAlexander,have entirelv
distinct rnale genitalia.

1e50lAlexander: JapaneseCrane-fies

127

GenusParadelphomyiaAlexander
Paradelphomyia (Oxyrbiza) nimbicolor r). sp.
Thorax alntost unifonrtly dark brown or brownish black; antennae
short, black throughout; wings of male widest oppositethe terminatiorrof vein ?nd A, strorrglysuffusedwith dusky; nralehypopygitrrnwith the:dististyles ternrinal in position.
Male.-Length, about 5 mtn.; wing, 5.3 nrnr.
Female.-Length, about 6.5 mnr.; wing, 6.5 mnr.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae short, black throughout;proximal two flagellar segmentsmore or less united into a fusion segment; outer flagellar segrnentslong-cvlinclrical,with long conspicuous
verticils. Head black, sparselypruinose.
Mesonotal praescuturn almost uniformly dark brown or brownish
black, the rernainder of notunr a trifle paler. Pleura brownish black.
Halteres with stenr weakly infuscatecl,narrowly paler at base, knob
dark brown. Legs with coxaeand trochanterstestaceous;renlainder oflegs dark brown, the tarsi passirrg into black; tibial spurs distinct.
Wings of male broadestoppositethe termination of vein gnd A, strongly
suffusedwith dusky, the stigma a little darker brown; wing basea little
more yellowecl,inclucling the veins; remaining veins brown. lVlacrotrichia of outer cells relatively abundant, in rnale from cell R1 throughcell Mu in the fenraleeven nlore extensive,into cell Mq. \renation: Sc1
ending about opposite the fork of Rs, Scz some distance from its tip,
Scr alone subequal to Rr*r+ni fts faintly indicated to lacking, whenpresent placed at or before the fork of Rr+., ftr+r+n in virtual longitudinal alignment with veirr R3; veins Rs and J?ndivergent, cell Rs at
margin being nearly twice cell Rz; cell M1 present, about one-half its
petiole or slightly more; m-cu closeto midlength of cell l st My
Abdomerr brownish black, the hypopygium a trifle paler. Male
hypopygium with the dististyles terminal in position; outer style endingin two nrajor slightly curved spines, the subterminal spine erect andnearly straight. Phallosomic region injured in the unique type slide;
before this damage occurred, an elongate pale slenderrod, presumably
the aedeagus,was noted as being present.
Habitat: Japan (Honshu). Holohpe: d, Funakosi, Iwateken, altitude 100meters,Septernber26, 1947(H. Yarnanroto). Allotopot,vpe,
9,pinned with type. Paratopolypes,2I I .
The presentfly is very distinct front the other regionalspeciesin the
structure of the male hypopygium, especiallythe terminal dististyles.
In the most similar regional species,Paradelphomyia(Oryrhiza) ariana(Alexander) and P. (O.) nipponensis (Alexander), the apex of thebasistyle is produced beyond the point of origin of the dististyles as astrong spine. The European members of the subgenuslikewise havethe dististyles of the hypopygiunr terminal in position but differ fronr
the present fly in various other regards,including coloration and venation. In its general appearance,the present fly is sonrewhatnrore likeariana than it is to other regionalspecies.

",,ffift*T,r.t
J.?fl*i]'lr:x i jl"i,i;,
sizerargeo.brack,the428

Annals Entomolog'ical
Societyof Arnerica[Vol. 43,

surface obscured by a gray pruinosity; halteres yellow; femora lightyellow, the tips narrowly and vaguely darkened; wings brownish yellow, clearer yellow in the prearcular and costal fields; abundant macrotrichia in outer cells of wing; cell Mr srnall; m-cu at or before midlengthof cell lst Mz.
Femal,e.-Length,about 8 nun.; wing, 7.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae with scape,pedicel and basal
segmentof flagellum black, the remainderbroken. Head black, opaque
by a gray pruinosity; anterior vertex broad, exceedingthree times thediameter of scape.
Prothorax and mesothorax black, the color obscured by a gray pruinosity, heaviest on the lateral portions of the praescutum, scutellum,
postnotum and pleura; anterior lateral pretergites obscure yellow.
Halteres yellow. Legs with the fore coxae black; middle coxae blackened, the tips pale; posterior coxae obscureyellow; trochanters yellow;
vaguely darkened; base offemora light yellow, the tips narrowly and'Wingswith a strong brownish
tibiae yellow (broken before midlength).
yellow tinge, the prearcular and costal fields clearer yellow; stigmaoval, pale brown; veins brown, clear yellow in the brightened fields.
Abundant macrotrichia in apical cells of wing from Scz to l st A,
inclusive, especially numerous in radial and medial cells. Venation:
Scr ending about opposite fork of Rs, Sc, some distance from its tip,
Scr alone about three-fifths Rr+r+n;vein Rr sinuous near the insertionof vein Rzi Rs long i ftz+e+ain longitudinal alignment with Rr+a;veinl?2ver1l faint to nearly obsolete,a little longer than Rr+s;cell M1small,about one-third its petiole; m-cu at from one-third to nearly opposite
midlength of cell lst Mz.
Abdomen black, sparselypruinose. Ovipositor with valves strong,yellowish horn colored.
H abitat: Northern Korea. H olotype, I , Kankyo Nando, Puksu
Pyaksan, altitude 6000 feet, June 30, 1939 (Yankovsky).
The present fly is well-distinguishedfrom all other regional membersof the genus of major size. The most similar of such speciesis Paradelphomyia(Oryrhiza) maju,scula(Alexander), of western China. The
present fly differs in the details of coloration and venation, as the short
Sd1,n&rrowercell Rs, and the unusually small cell Mr.

Genus Archilimnophila Alexandern. sp.
Archilimnophilasubunicoides
Allied to subunica,' antennae (rnale) relatively short, only about
one-third as long as the wing; wings relatively narrow, restrictedly
patterned with brown; male hypopygium generally as in subunica,thegonapophysessimple
Mal,e.-Length, about 9-10 mm.; wing, 9-10 mm.; antenna, about
3.2-3.3mm.
Female.-Length,about 10-11 mm.; wing, 10.5-11mm.
Rostrum gray; palpi brown. Antennae (male) relatively short fora memberof the genus,dark brown; flagellarsegmentselongate,subequal
to the verticils. Head gray; anterior vertex broad.

I e50l

Alexander: J apaneseCrane-fl,'ies429

Pronotum gray, the sides of the scutellum obscure brownish yellow.
Mesonotum gray, the praescutum with four more blackened stripes,
the narrow intermediate pair only narrowly and incompletely separated by a gray vitta; scutal lobes weakly patterned with darker.
Pleura Eray,somewhatdarker on the ventral sternopleurite; dorsopleuralrnembrane buffy yellow to light browrr. Halteres with stent obscurebrownish yellow, knob more infuscated. Legs with the coxae yellow,
more or less pruinose, the fore pair extensively more blackened, themiddle pair similarly colored basally; trochanters yellow; fore femora
extensively blackened,with about the proximal fourth or fifth yellow;
remaining femora yellow, the tips rnore narrowly blackened; tibiae
brownish yellow, the tips darkened; tarsi black. Wings relatively
narrow, yellow, the base clearer yellow; a restricted brown pattern,including the stigma and clouds at origin of .Rs,along cord, outer endof cell lst Mz and fork of Mt+r; veins brown, darker in the patterned
from about oneportions, clear yellow at wing base. \/enation: R2-'-3..+
half to nearly two-thirds the strongly decurved Rai cell M r usuallysubequalin length to its petiole, in casesa little longer or shorter; rn-cu
at from about one-fourth to beyond one-third the length of cell l st Mz.
Abdomen blackish, gray pruinose,including the hypopygium. Male
hypopygium generally as in subunicabut differing in important details.
Outer dististyle a small strongly curved rod, the tip subacute. fnner
dististyle with the yellow rostral portion long and slender, on outermargin close to base bearing a stout darkened lobe, its surface uricroscopically roughened. Each gonapophysis appearing as a slendersinuous blackened rod, very gradually narrowed to the acute tip, without a lateral branch, as in subunica.
Habitat: Northern Korea. Holotype, d, Puksu Pyaksan, altitude4000 feet, June 5, 19:19(Yankovsky). Allotopot'ype,9, altitude 4200
feet, June 4, 1939. Paratopotypes,7 & Q , altitude 3700-4500 feet,
June 3-5, 1939 (Yankovsky).
Archilimnophila subunicoidesis most closely related to the northern
Nearctic .4. subunica (Alexander), differing especiallyin the structureof the male hypopygium, as indicated above. The speciesis lesssimilar
to A. harperi (Alexander) and A. unica (OstenSacken). I had formerly
placed these flies in the genus Austrolimnophila Alexander but now
believe that the genusArchilimnophila is separablethough eloselyallied.

GenusLimnophila Macquart
Limnophila (Prionolabis) clavaria n. sp.
Size medium (wing, male, about 9 mm.); thorax brownish black, thesurface opaque; legs black; wings broad, yellow, restrictedly patternedwith darker; cell M1 presentbut small; male hypopygium with the subtending lobe of the outer dististyle large, dark-colored,the style narrowed to an acute apical point, with a single obtuse lateral denticle;
inner dististyle simple, with a blunt lobe at near three-fourths thelength; gonapophysisappearing as a small straight darkened club, thetip blunt.
M a l e . - L e n g t h , a b o u t 8 . 5 m t n . ; w i n g , 8 . 8 m m . ; a n t e n n a ,a b o u t 1 . 6
mm.

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Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America[Vol. 43,

Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae 16-segmented,black throughout; basal flagellar segnrentsol'al, the outer ones more elongate-oval;
verticils of outer segments long and corrspicnous. Head brown,
opaque; anterior vertex broacl.
Thoracic dorsunr alnrost urrifornrly brownish black, the surface
opaque by a sparse brownish yellow pollen. Pleura black, sparsely
pruinose; dorsopleural menrbrarredark. Halteres yellow, the knobs atrifle rnore darkened. Legs with the coxae black, sparsely pruinose;
remainder of legs black, the femoral basesvery restrictedly brightened.
Wings broad, ground color yellow, the prearcular and costal fields
somewhat clearer yellow; stigma long-oval, brown; vague paler brown
searnsover anterior cord, vein R5,,the entire length of vein Cu and in
the axillary portion of cell ?nd,,1,'veins dark brown, paler in the brighter
yellow portions. \'enation : S.cr ending just before the level of thefork of Rs, Sczat its tipi ftz+3+rabout three-fifths Rr+ri Rr+z a little
longer than l?zi cell Mr small, approximately one-half its petiole; m-cxt
at or just beyond midlength of cell .1st My
Abdornen, including hypopygium, black, the surface subnitidous,
with black setae. Male hypopygiunr with the central region of theposterior border of the ninth tergite slightly produced and with a broad
U-shaped notch, the lobes thus fornred conspicuous. Outer dististylewith the subtending lobe large, dark-colored; style gradually narrowed
to an acute curved apical point, with at most a single evident lateral
denticle; outer margin with very long setae. Inner dististyle simple,
the outer fourth slender, at point of narrowing with a blunt lobe, theapex of which is microscopically roughened or tuberculate. Aedeagus
compressed-flattened,dark-colorecl. Gonapophysis appearing as asmall straight darkened rod that widens very gradually outwardly, theapex obtusely rourrded or weakly notched (in olte apophysis of theurrique type), the whole structure appearing as a small dusky club.
Habitat: Northern Korea. Holotype, &, Kankyo Nando, Puksu
Toorisani, altitud.e 6000 feet, June 22, 1939 (Yankovsky).
Pyaksan,Limnophila (Prionolabis) clauaria is quite distinct from all otherregional members of the subgenus,differing especially in the structureof-the rnale hypopygiunr, as the dark-colored clavate gonapophyses.
The fly is entirely different from the other speciesknown from the
Asiatic rnainland.
Limnophila dis n. sp.
generalcoloration black, including body andAllied to yankoaskiana,'
antennae; antennae of male elongate, exceedingone-half the length ofwing; femora black, tibiae and tarsi dark brown ; wings broad, with astrong blackish tinge ; cell Re sessile or very short-petiolate ; cell M 1
lacking ; fn-cu at or beyond midlength of cell /sl M2i male hypopygiumwith the outer dististyle a slender straight rocl that is very shallowly
and unequally bifid at tip, the longer spine being axial, the lateralbranch much srnaller.
Male.-Length, about (i-(i.i-rnlnr.; rvirtg, 7-8 rnnt.; antenlla, about
4.2-4.5 mnr.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antelulae of male elongate,as shown by
the nreasurements;scape arrcl pedicel bllrck, flagellurrr dark brown ;1e50l: J tt,pa,nese
Crone-.flies^1Iexande.r-131

flagellar segnrentsapparerrtly only 13 irr ttuttrber, elongate-cylindrical,
with long coarseverticils and a shorter but conspicuouserect pubescence.
Head dull black.
Thorax black, the surface subnitidous by a sparsepruinosity, pleuranrore heavily pruinose. Halteres infuscated, the extreme base of stem
paler. Legs wittr the coxae black, very sparsely pruionse; trochantersdark; femola black, tibiae and tarsi dark brown or brownish black, thetips of the segments narrowly more darkened. Wings broad, with astrong blackish tinge; stigma oval, scarcely darker than the ground;scarcelyindicated darker seamsalong the cord; veins brown. Venation:
Scr ending opposite fork of Rs, Scza short distance fronr its tip; Rselongate, square and lrrore or less spurred at origin; cell Rs usuallysessile,in casesbarely so, with vein Rn+upunctiform or very short, irl
other cases,including the type,with Rr+u nearly as long as the basal
sectionof Rr,;irr still other specimens,cell Rr short-petiolate,with a shortpresent; vein Rz faintly indicated, about one-half Xr+, ielemerrt R2airancell Mr lacking i m-cu opposite or shortly beyond midlength of celllst Mz; vein ?nd ,'l moderately sinuous.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, black. Male hypopygium withthe tergal region feebly cmarginate. Outer clististyle a slender straigh-t
rod, r,'ery sh-allowly and unequally toothed at apex, the longer tooth
axial, th-e shorter spine scarcely more than a tubercle, placed on mesaledge some distance from tip; inner dististyle unusually short and squat,
the tip slightly decurved, obtuse.
nitltat: Northern I(orea. Holotype, &, Puksu Pyaksan, altitude
5500 feet, June 13, 1939 (Yankovsky). Paratopotypes,10 & d, June
13-23, 1939 (Yankovsky).
Generally' similar to Limnophila yankovskianaAlexander, likewise
from the mountains of northern Koreu, agreeing in the black coloration,elongate antennae of nrale, sessileor subsessilecell R3, loss of cell Mt
and bther characters, differing irr the shorter antennae of nrale, more
blackened wings, with the venational details, particularly of the nredial
field, distinct, ancl especially in the strttcture of the tttale hypopygium,
notably the outer tlististyle.
Limnophila pietatis n. sp.
General coloratiorr of thorax reddish yellow, without pattern;
antennae (male) elongate, the flagellar segmentsbeyond the first urriformly black; fernora yer'ow, the tips abruptly and very conspi_cuously
blackened; wings rvith a u eak brownish yellow tinge, restrictedly patterned with brown; ,Scmodt rately long, S.crending before level of forkof Rs,' Rr+r+nsubequal to R, ,; abdomen yellow, the arrterior lateralangles of both tergites and ste' nites conspicuouslyblackened, in nrale,thJ outer three segmentsblacke.'cd; male hypopygium with the outerclististyle relatively short, glabro.rs, the apical outer angle .produced
into a slender fingerlike point; gonapophysiswith severror eight scattered spineson outer portion.
M a i e . - L e n g t , h , a b o u t 7 n r n . ; w i r r g , ( i . S l n l n . ; i r t t t c t t t t t t ,a b o t t t
3.2 tnm.
Female.-Length, about 8.5 mm.; wing, 7.5 rnnr.
Rostrum orange yellow; palpi black. Antennae (male) elongate,

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Annals EntomologicalSoc,ietyof America[Vol. 43,

as shown by the measurements;basal three segmentsyellow, succeeding
segments passing through dark brown to black; flagellar segments
elongate-subcylindrical, the longest verticils a little shorter than thesegments;in addition to the verticils, segmentsclothed with a dense
erect pale pubescence. Head yellow, sparselypruinose; anterior vertex
broad, approxirnately four times the diameter of scape. In the female
referred to this species,the antennaeare shorter, the scapeblackened;head above much clearergray.
Entire thorax uniformly reddish yellow, subrritidous,without pattertr. Halteres relatively long, stenr yellow, knob very slightly darker.
Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow; femora yellow, the tips
rather broadly and abruptly black, occupying about the outer seventhor eighth of s-egment;tibiae paler yellow, ihe"bure diffusely infuscated,
the tip more narrowly and abruptly blackened; basitarsi and second
tarsal segment almost white, the tips darkened; outer tarsal segments
brownish black. Wings with a weak brownish yellow tinge, the prearcular and costal fields clear light yellow; a restricted brown pattern,including stigmd, & large cloud at origin of Rs, cord, outer end of celll st Mz, and less evidently elsewhere;outer radial cells even less distinctly infuscated; veins brown, yellow in the brightened areas. Venation: ,Scmoderately long, Scr ending before fork of Rs, Sczeven longer,
oppositethis fork; Rs elongate,square and in cases,including the type,long-spurred at origin; Rr+s+nrelatively long, about equal to Rr+g,indirect longitudinal alignment with Rs,'R1r2and Rz subequal;inner ends
of cells Rn,Ru and /sl MzLn transversealignment; cell Mrfrom one-third
to one-half longer than its petiole; cell lst Mz rectangular,with m-cu atfrom one-third to two-fifths its length: vein ?nd A long, generally
paralleling the axillary margin of wing.
Abdomen yellow, the anterior lateral angles of both tergites andsternites two to four, with a conspicuous black area that narrows
behind, extending to beyond midlength of segment,or the succeeding
segmentsbecoming sn-rallerand less evident, more distinct in female;
male with terminal three segmentsblack, only the hypopygium partly
brightened; in fenrale, the pale color continued virtually to the end,
including the genital shield. Male hypopygium with the outer dististyle relatively short, appearing as a gently curved flattened blade, at
end with apical outer angle produced into a slender fingerlike point;
surface glabrous except for a single strong seta at basal third. fnner
dististyle a little shorter, the basal half or more oval, the outer portion
more narrowed; surface of style with conspicuouserect setae. Gonapophysis provided with seven or eight conspicuousacute points distributed over the errtire head or apical portion.
Habitat: Northern Korea. Holotype, &, Puksu Pyaksan, altitude
5000feet, August 21, 1939(Yarrkovsky). Allotopotype,Q, pinned with
type. Poratopol,ypes,
3 & d, August 9-21, 1939 (Yankovsky).
Very similar in its general appearance to the western Palaearctic
Lintnophila glabricula (Meigen), of which it may prove to represent a
race. The dististylesof the male hypopygium are conspicuouslyshorter
tharr in glabricu.la. Edwards referred glabriculato the subgenusPhylidoreal3igot but its position here must still be held as questionable.

1e50lAlexander: JapaneseCrane-flies

433

GenusLipsothrix Loew
Lipsothrixyamamotoanan. sp.
General coloration dull black; antennae black, relatively long, if
berrt backwards extending approximately to the wing-root, the flagellar
verticils shorter than the segments; femora yellow, the tips brownish
black, slightly lrore extensive on the fore legs where about the outer
fifth is included; wings yellowed, the prearcular and costal fields
clearer yellow; Sc short,,Scr ending about opposite the fork of Jts,'Rs
relatively long, exceeding four times Rr+r+n,the latter shorter tharr
Rr+r; inner end of cell Ra lying only a little proxirnad of the other elements of the anterior cord ; rn-cu close to the fork of.M .
Male.-Length, about 7-7.5 mm.; wing, 8-8.5 lrm.; antenna,about
2.1-2.3mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black, relatively long, if bent
backward extending approximately to the wing-root; flagellar segments
oval, the constrictions between the segments well indicated; verticils
shorter than the segments. Head dull black.
Thorax uniformly dull black. Halteres pale yellow. Legs with thecoxae and trochanters yellow; femora yellow, the tips brownish black,slightly more extensively so on the fore legs where about the outer
fourth or fifth is included; tibiae obscure brownish yellow, the tips
narrowly darkened; tarsi brown; claws (male) toothed. Wings withthe ground color yellow, the prearcular and costal fields clear lightyellow; stigma oval, brown, relatively inconspicuous; veins brown,
yellow in the brightened areas, especially at wing base. Venation: Sc
short, ,Scrending about opposite fork of Rs, Sczat its tip; Rs relatively
long, exceedingfour times l?r+a+n,
the latter shorter than frr+r i Rr+zvery
short; inner end of cell Rr lying only a short distance proximad of theother elementsof the anterior cord; cell lst Mz rather short-rectangular;
n -cu closeto or just beyond the fork of.M .
Abdomen, including hypopygium, black, sparsely pruinose.
Habital: Japan (Honshu). Holotype, d, Funakosi, Iwateken, altitude 200 meters, May 23, 1947 (H. Yamamoto) . Paratopotype, d ,pinrred with the type.
I am very pleased to name this distinct fly for the collector, Mr.
Hiromu Yamamoto, to whom I am greatly indebted for many interesting
Tipulidae from northern Honshu. From other regional members of thegenus, including Lipsothri* tokunagai Alexander and L. yakushim,aeAlexander, it is readily told by the coloration and by the structure of
the antennae and the venation.

Genus Gnophomyia Osten Sacken(Gnophomyia)
acheronn. sp.
Gnophomyra
General coloration black; antennae black, the flagellar segmentsirr
male relatively long, subcylindrical; wings with a weak blackish tinge,
the prearcular field light yellow, stigma not indicated; Sct unusuallylong; ovipositor with cerci unusually long and slender,gently upcurved;
hasistyle of male hypopygiurrr with a group of six or seven stout black43,1

Annals F,ntomologicalSocietyo! America

IVol. 43,

setaeon llresalface; outer dististylc ar lorrg, rrearly straight blackened
rod, the tip obtuse.
Male.-Length, about 7.5-ti lnur.; wing, 7.it-fi nm1.;antenna,about
2-2.1 rnm.
Female.-Length, about .Stnm.; wing, 8 t-utn.
Rostrurn and palpi black. Antennae black, the scapea little lr1orc
pruinose; flagellar segmerrtsin rnale relatively long, subcylindrical,
longer than the verticils. Ilead dull black, the anterior vertex broad,heavily dusted with gray.
Thorax black, subopaque, the ventral pleurites rnore distinctly
pruinose. Halteres pale yellow. Legs rvith the coxaearrd trochanters
black; remainderof legsblack, the femoral basesvery narrowly yellowed,
nrost evident on the fore legs. Wings with a weak blackish tinge, theprearcular field light yellow; stigrna not irrdicated; veins dark brown.
\'renation: Sct ending approximately opposite Rz, Scz nearly oppositc
the fork of Rs, so Sc1is unusually long, subequalto or even exceedingveins Rs and .Raextending generally
the combined veins ftr+r+nand R2.,.a;parallel to one another, slightly divergent; cell 1stMz shorter than vein
M * with n -cu at near one-third its length.
Abdornen,including hypopygium, black. Ovipositor with the cerci
unusually long and slender,gently upcurved. N{ale hypopygium withthe region of the ninth tergite with a shallow emargination, the lobes
very broad, at base of notch rvith a few short strong spines. Mesal
face of basistyle with a group of six or seven stout black setaeon mesal
face. Outer dististyle a long, nearly straight blackened rod, its tip
obtuse. Inner dististyle much smaller, broad at base, the outer halfstrongly narrowed and upturned, on dorsal face of the enlarged partwith a compact group of about eight long black spinous setae. Phallosomemassive,subquadratein outline, the cauclalmargin very gently
emarginate medially.
II abitat: Japan (Honshu). II olotype, & , Fttnakosi, Iwateken, altitude 200 nteters, May 2:J, 1947 (FI. Yutnatrtoto). Allotopotype,I .
Paratopotypes,6d9.
The only approxinrately sinrilar regiorral spccics is Gnophomyiu(Gnophomyia)nycteris Alexander. still krtowtt to ltte only from thefemale. This differs in the details of coloration and venation andespeciallyin the structure of the ovipositor.

GenusOrmosia Rondani
Ormosia(Ormosia)weymarnin. sp.
Mesorrotunr brownish gray, the postrtotum etttd plcura yellow;
lrntennaeshort; halteres with knobs dusky; legs yellowish brown, thetips of the femora and tibiae narrowly darkerred;wings grayish yellow,
the prearculararrd costal fields cleareryellow; tnacrotrichiaof cells longarrd conspicuousbut relatively sparse, rnorc or less restricted to thecentral portions of the cells; phallosorlteunblackened.
Male.-Length, about 4-1.2 mm.; wing, 4.4-4.8 rnm.
Rostrum and palpi pale. Antennae short, if bent backward extending about to mid-distance to wing root or slightly beyond; scape andle5olAlexander: JapaneseCrane-fl,ies

435

pedicel light brown, flagellum black; flagellar segmentsoval, theverticils a little exceedingthe segments. Head dark gray.
Pronotum obscureyellow. Mesonotal praescutumbrownish gray,without clearly defined stripes; scutum and scutellum brownish gray,the postnotum yellow. Pleura obscure yellow. Halteres dusky, thebasal half of stem yellow. Legs with the coxae and trochanters yellow; femora yellowish brown, the bases clearer yellow, the apices
passinginto brown; tibiae obscureyellow,the tips narrowly infuscated;tarsi brownish black. Wings grayish yellow, the prearcularand costal
fields cleareryellow; veins pale brown, more yellowedin the brightened
costal portions. Macrotrichia of cells relatively long but sparse,
lacking in the basal portiorrsof cells R, M and Cu; in the other cells
more or lessrestricted to the central parts of the cells remote from theveins. \'enatiorr:Screndingabout oppositefork of Rs, Sczabout opposite one-fifth to one-sixththe length of Rs,'cell M2 openby the atrophyof the basal section of.Ms; rn-cujust before the fork of.M; Anal veinsdivergent.
Abdominal tergitesdarkenedmedially, paler on sides;sternitesand
hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium with the outer dististyle relatively small, provided with rows of scabrousblackenedpoints; innerdististyle subequalin length, pale. Phallosomeappearingas tumid,
entirely unblackenedplates that are contiguouson the midline.
Habital: Manchuria, northern Korea. Hol,otype,8, Kaolingtze,
Manchuria, May 30, 1941 (receivedfrom Michael Weymarn). Paraly\e, d , Ompo, northern Korea, altitude 600 feet, May 2, 1938
(Yankovsky).
This interestingfly is named for Mr. Michael Weyrnarn,to whom
I am indebted for many Tipulidae from Manchuria. Despite thedifferentvenation,the fly seemsclosestto Ormosia(Ormosia)confl,uenta
Alexander,of Japan, and O. (O.) yankoaskyiAlexander,of northern
Korea, both of which have cell Mz of the wings openby the atrophyof
m and differ further in the color of the body and legsand in the detailsof structure of the male hypopygium. Other allied speciesin thenorthwestern Nearctic fauna include O. (O.) absarohaAlexander,(Coquillett),atrdothers.
O. (O.) flaz,eolo

GenusMolophilus Curtis
Molophilus (Molophilus) hoplostylusn. sp.
Belongsto the gracilisgroup; generalcolorationblackened;antennae.
approximatelytwo-thirds the body, black throughout;of male el-ongate,
flagellarsegmentsfusiform, with whorls of long erectsetaeat midlength;
wings broad, suffusedwith blackish; costal fringe long and dense;vein'
Znd-..,1short; male hypopygium with three dististyles, the longest agently curved black rod with numerousdenticlesalong the face; third
dististyle a small fingerlike fleshy lobe that bears numerous very
long setae.
Mate.-Length, about 5 mm.; wing, 4.8 mm.; antenna, about
3.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae (male) elongate,as shown by436

Annals EntomologicalSocietyof America[Vol. 43,

the measufements,black throughout; flagellar segmentsfusiform, withwhorls of very long erect setaeat midlength of the individual segments.
Head black.
General coloration of thorax black, probably pruinose in fresh
specimens,the unique type discolored;pretergitesrestrictedly yellow.
Halteresblack. Legswith the coxaeand trochantersbrown; remainderof legs dark brown. Wings broad, with a weak blackish tinge; veins
and macrotrichia brownish black; costal fringe (male) long and dense.
Venation: Rz in approximate transversealignment with r-m; m-cu lessthan one-third the length of the petiole of cell Me; vein ?nd A unusuallyshort, ending somedistancebeforethe leveI of m-cu,.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, black. Male hypopygium complex; apex of basistyle with a cylindrical dorsal lobe that is provided
with long retrorsesetae,and a longer ventral lobe that is dilated on thebasal two-thirds or more, provided with long erect setae,the apical part
slender and glabrous, the tip obtuse. Three dististyles, the longest agently curved black rod that narrowsvery gradually into a long straightspine, the margin, especially the lower or concave one, with microscopic denticles,one at near midlength longer; seconddististyle nearly
as long, straight, the outer third a more slenderblackenedspine; third
dististyle a small fingerlike fleshy lobe that bears numerous very longsetae, these longer than the style itself. Phallosomicplate obtuse attip, the surface with exceedingly microscopic setulae. Aedeagus
elongate,subtendedby a flange, the apex more or lessbilobed.
Habitat: Formosa. Holotype,d, Musha (Wuse),
Telchung District,'L.
altitude 1000 meters, August 23, Ig47 (J.
Gressitt); type in the
Lingnan University Collection.
The present fly belongs to a subgroup having rather numerous
speciesin the Philippines and elsewherein southeasternAsia, but tothis date with no known representativesin Fornrosaor northward. The
most similar Philippine speciesinclude Molophilu,s(Molophilus) banahaoensis
Alexander,M. (M.) hispidulzsAlexander,and M. (M.) injustus
Alexander, all differing from the present fly, and among themselves,inthe structure of the male hypopygia.