International Convention on theElimination of All Forms of
Racial Discrimination (ICERD)

Declaration made upon signature and confirmed uponratification: (a) The positive measures, provided for in article 4of the Convention and specifically described in sub-paragraphs(a) and (b) of that article, designed to eradicate all incitement to,or acts of, discrimination, are to be interpreted, as that article
provides, "with due regard to the principles embodied in theUniversal Declaration of Human Rights and the rights expressly
set forth in article 5" of the Convention. Consequently, theobligations deriving from the aforementioned article 4 are not tojeopardize the right to freedom of opinion and expression andthe right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association which
are laid down in articles 19 and 20 of the Universal Declarationof Human Rights, were reaffirmed by the General Assembly of
the United Nations when it adopted articles 19 and 21 of theInternational Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and arereferred to in articles 5 (d) (viii) and (ix) of the Convention. In
fact, the Italian Government, in conformity with the obligations
resulting from Articles 55 (c) and 56 of the Charter of the United
Nations, remains faithful to the principle laid down in article 29(2) of the Universal Declaration, which provides that "in theexercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject
only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for thepurpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights
and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements ofmorality, public order and the general welfare in a democraticsociety." (b) Effective remedies against acts of racial
discrimination which violate his individual rights andfundamental freedoms will be assured to everyone, in conformity
with article 6 ofthe Convention, by the ordinary courts within theframework of their respective jurisdiction. Claims for reparation
for any damage suffered as a result of acts of racial
discrimination must be brought against the persons responsible
for the malicious or criminal acts which caused such damage. 5May 1978
With reference to article 14, paragraph 1, of the International
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination, opened for signature at New York on 7 March1966, the Government of the Italian Republic recognizes thecompetence of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial
Discrimination, established by the afore-mentioned Convention,
to receive and consider communications from individuals orgroups of individuals within Italian jurisdiction claiming to bevictims of a violation by Italy of any of the rights set forth in theConvention.
The Government of the Italian Republic recognizes thatcompetence on the understanding that the Committee on theElimination of Racial Discrimination shall not consider any
communication without ascertaining that the same matter is not
being considered or has not already been considered by anotherinternational body of investigation or settlement.

International Covenant on Civil
and Political Rights (ICCPR)..... Article 15, paragraph 1 With reference to article 15,
paragraph 1, last sentence: "If, subsequent to the commission ofthe offence, provision is made by law for the imposition of alighter penalty, the offender shall benefit thereby", the Italian
Republic deems this provision to apply exclusively to cases inprogress. Consequently, a person who has already been
convicted by a final decision shall not benefit from any provisionmade by law, subsequent to that decision, for the imposition of alighter penalty. Article 19, paragraph 3 The provisions of article
19, paragraph 3, are interpreted as being compatible with theexisting licensing system for national radio and television andwith the restrictions laid down by law for local radio andtelevision companies and for stations relaying foreignprogrammes. 15 September 1978
The Italian Republic recognizes the competence of the HumanRights Committee, elected in accordance with article 28 of theCovenant, to receive and consider communications to the effectthat a State party claims that another State party is not fulfilling
its obligations under the Covenant.

The Italian Republic ratifies the Optional Protocol to theInternational Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, it being
understood that the provisions of article 5, paragraph 2, of the
Optional Protocol to theProtocol mean that the Committee provided for in article 28 ofInternational Covenant on Civil
the Covenant shall not consider any communication from anand Political Rights (ICCPR-OP1)
individual unless it has ascertained that the same matter is not
being and has not been examined under another procedure ofinternational investigation or settlement.
2 April 2015 With regard to the reservation made by El Salvador
upon accession: “The Permanent Mission of Italy to the United
Nations presents its compliments to the Secretary-General of theUnited Nations in his capacity as depositary of the 1989 SecondOptional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil andPolitical Rights aiming at the abolition of the death penalty. The
Government of Italy has examined the reservation made by theRepublic of El Salvador upon accession to the Second Optional
Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political
Second Optional Protocol to the Rights aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, adopted inInternational Covenant on Civil New York on December 15, 1989. The Government of Italy
and Political Rights, aiming at the recalls that it is the object and purpose of the Second Optional
abolition of the death penalty
Protocol to abolish the death penalty in all circumstances and(ICCPR-OP2)
that no reservations are permitted other than reservations madein strict accordance with Article 2 of the Protocol. The
reservation made by the Government of El Salvador goes beyond
the limit of Article 2 of the Protocol, as it does not explicitly
limit the application of the death penalty to the most serious
crimes of a military nature committed during wartime, whichmust be specified. According to customary international law, as
codified in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, areservation incompatible with the object and purpose of a treaty
shall not be permitted. The Government of Italy therefore objects

to the aforesaid reservation made by El Salvador to the Second
Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil andPolitical Rights and considers the reservation null and void. Thisobjection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Protocol
between El Salvador and Italy. The Convention will enter into
force between El Salvador and Italy without El Salvador[benefiting from the reservation.]”Upon signature: Reservation: Italy reserves the right to exercise,
Convention on the Elimination ofwhen depositing the instrument of ratification, the option
All Forms of Discrimination
provided for in article 19 of the Vienna Convention on the Law
against Women (CEDAW)of Treaties of 23 May 1969.
10 October 1989
"Article 21: Italy hereby declares, in accordance with article 21,
paragraph 1, of the Convention, that it recognizes thecompetence of the Committee against torture to receive andconsider communications to the effect that a State Party claims
Convention against Torture and that another State Party is not fulfilling its obligations under thisOther Cruel, Inhuman orConvention;
Degrading Treatment or"Article 22: Italy hereby declares, in accordance with article 22,
Punishment (CAT)paragraph 1, of the Convention, that it recognizes thecompetence of the Committee against torture to receive andconsider communications from or on behalf of individuals
subject to its jurisdiction who claim to be victims of violations
by a State Party of the provisions of the Convention."

Optional Protocol to theConvention on the Rights of theChild on the involvement ofchildren in armed conflict (OPCRC-AC)

Declaration: The Government of the Italian Republic declares, incompliance with article 3: - That Italian legislation on voluntary
recruitment provides that a minimum age of 17 years shall be
required with respect to requests for early recruitment forcompulsory military service or voluntary recruitment (military
duty on a short-term and yearly basis); - That the legislation inforce guarantees the application, at the time of voluntary
recruitment, of the provisions of article 3, paragraph 3, of theProtocol, inter alia, as regards the requirement of the consent of
the parent or guardian of the recruit.