The WEPA Workshop on“Decentralized Domestic
Wastewater Treatment in Asia”
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
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CONTENT1• OBJECTIVE OF THE WORKSHOP

2• WORKSHOP AGENDA

3• RESULT OF THE WORKSHOP

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Objective of The Workshop
To share experiences on promotion and management of Decentralized
Wastewater Treatment System(Technology/Management) among WEPA
member countries as well as discuss the future possibility ofdecentralized domestic wastewater treatment in Asia.
Day 1(13 November)

Day 2(14 November)• Kubota Workshop: Johkasou (Japanese on‐site domesticwastewater treatment system)• WEPA Workshop: SANIMAS (Community based domestic
wastewater treatment system in Indonesia) + Cases in Thailandand Vietnam

3Workshop Agenda
Introduction of decentralized domestic wastewater management system inIndonesia (Ministry of Public Works)
Introduction of SANIMAS (B.E.S.T)
Introduction of cluster domestic wastewater treatment system in Nakhon
Ratcahsima municipality (Nakhon Ratcahsima municipality)
Legal Framework for decentralized domestic wastewater treatment in Vietnam(Ministry of Construction)
Technology applied in decentralized domestic wastewater treatment in Vietnam(National University of Civil Engineering )4

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RESULT OF DISCUSSION (1)▪ Each country has different strategies in implementing domestic wastewater management.
Domestic wastewater management is a public services facility provided by the government.
In Thailand, municipalities construct and operate cluster domestic wastewater treatment
plants, the operation and maintenance costs are borne by the municipalities , even though
the basic idea is that the community had to cover the OM costs. While in Indonesia, based on
the regulation, the government is responsible for providing facilities, but operation andmaintenance costs have to be provided by the communities.

▪ SANIMAS is introduced in order to provide people accessibility to basic sanitation. Designed
capacity is adjusted according to the number of households that want to connect to thepiped system. It used 100 liters per capita for designing of SANIMAS. For the time being
SANIMAS will be an intermediate solution to fill the gap on the limitation of seweragesystem. Based on land availability and budget limitation, the central, local government andcommunity share the responsibility to operate the system. Decentralized wastewater
treatment plant is a choice to control domestic wastewater pollution for dense and low
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income communities.

RESULT OF DISCUSSION (2)▪ Community involvement for improving better sanitation is the key point to change people
behavior. The presence of facilitator is very important as a key factor for managing peopleinterest. Through dialogue, community needs can be accommodated and prioritized as apart of government planning on domestic wastewater management.

▪ Technology applied should be considered for sustainability of the system, easy to operate andlow maintenance cost are also very important especially for low income people.

7CONCLUSION••••Under WEPA partnership there is an opportunity to understand the difference in performance, cost,required legal framework to implement domestic waste water management system among WEPA
member countries.
To choose possible system in each country, natural and socio-economic conditions will be a major
consideration to bring the system more effective and efficient.
Effluent discharge quality from individual and decentralized facility have to meet Effluent StandardQuality thus further treatment is no longer needed.
The sewerage system facilities should be provided in the area with high population density (morethan 300 person per ha, Source : DKI Jakarta Sewerage System Master Plan)
The investment for :a. Centralized system (sewerage system) should be paid by central and local government orprivatization .
b. Decentralized (communal) could be subsidized by both central and local governmentc. Individual should be paid by the household (such as Johkasau)
Operation and maintenancea. Centralized system (sewerage system) should be paid by tariff (commercial and household) .
b. Communal system (decentralized system) should be paid by household (communities who used thefacilities)
c. Individual should be paid by the household (such as Johkasau)8

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