WATER POLLUTION CONTROLIN INDONESIA
Conference on Watershed Management for Controling
Municipal Wastewater in South East Asia
28 – 29 th of July 2016
Nagoya, Japan
By: Dr. BUDI KURNIAWANHead of Sub Directorate of Inventory and Pollution Load Allocation
Directorate of Water Pollution Control,
Directorate Genderal of Environmental Pollution and Degradation
Control

Ministry of Environment and Forestry of Indonesia

OUTLINE PRESENTATION••••WATER POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY IN INDONESIA
WATER QUALITY AND WATER POLLUTION SOURCES
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL STRATEGY AND PROGRAMMECASE STUDY OF WATER POLLUTION CONTROL IN CITARUM
WATERSHED2

REGULATION BACKGROUND:WATER POLLUTION CONTROLAct No. 23 of 1997 on Environmental Management, Act No. 7 of 2004 on Water Resources, require allparties to involve in water pollution control
Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 on Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control
establishes the framework for implementation of water pollution control, including aspects of prevention,
protection and recovery.
Act No. 18 of 2003 on Solid Waste Management
The most recent Act No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management was enacted on
October 3-th, 2009, Article 54 (2):recovery of environmental function shall be done by:(a) discontinuation of source of pollution and cleaning of pollutant;(b) remediation;(c) rehabilitation;(d) restoration; and/or(e) other measures in accordance with scientific and technological developments.
In addressing the global warming and climate change issues in Indonesia, Article 57 (4) of the Act
mandate the preservation of atmosphere function shall cover: (a) mitigation and adaptation to climatechange; (b) protection of ozone layer; (c) protection against acid rain.
MOE Decree for Effluent Standard of various sources: Concentration and Maximum Load
Permit System: Effluent Standard Concentration and Maximum Load

3

3

MAIN OBJECTIVE – MID-TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN
2015-2019• Environment : To Improve environmental quality andsustainable development• Main Target of Environmental Protection and Managament:
Indicator

Baseline 2014

63,0-63,0
Environmental
Quality Index
Green House Gas
15,5%Emission Reduction

Target 201966,5-68,526%

4

(POLICY DIRECTION)
Food, Energy and Water Security• Water Security
1. To Ensure the fullfilment of need and water quality
insurance for people daily life
2. To meet water need for social and productive economic
3. To increase people resilient in lowering the risk of water
hazard force including climate change
Indicator

Baseline 2014

Target 2019

National Capacityof Drinking water
source51,44 m3/sec

118,6m3/sec

Irigation availability 11
from Dams

20

5

MID-TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN
2015-2019
Acceleration of Infrastructure Development
INDICATORBASELINE 20142019

Access of Appropriate
Drinking Water

70

100

Appropriate Sanitation

60

100

6

TREND OF WATER QUALITY STATE IN INDONESIA
IN 2012-2015
90.00
80.00

Percentage

70.00
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00

2012
2013
2014
2015

Meet Standard

Lightly Polluted

0.49
0.57
0.78
2.30

1.73
3.64
4.10
6.13

MediumPolluted
22.52
15.33
15.63
23.62

Heavly Polluted
75.26
80.46
79.49
67.94
7

STATE OF WATER QUALITY IN INDONESIA IN 20152%
6%
Meet Standard

24%

Lightly Polluted

Medium Polluted
68%

Heavly Polluted

8

Catagory of Enterprises, (National Statistic 2012)
Catagory of Enterprises

60,000,000
50,000,000
40,000,000
30,000,000
20,000,000
10,000,000
0•Employment= 97,3%•PDB = 37,81%•Water Pollution=2,3 millions ton

Micro and Small Enterprises

Number
52,723,470

Medium and Large Company

45,8109

Contribution of Pollution Sources in MUSI
River
Domestic

Agriculture Livestock
1%
35%
48%

Contribution of Pollution Sources in
CITARUM River

Industry
Domestic

Agriculture

Livestock

18%

16%

13%
59%

Contribution of Pollution Sources in
CILIWUNG River
Domestic

Industry

Agriculture
6%

Livestock10%
Industry

4% 6%Contribution of Pollution Sourcesin BRANTAS River
Domestic

84%

Agriculture

Livestock

Industry

9%
22%

47%

Contribution of pollution sources in CISADANE River
22%
20%

Domestic
Agriculture
Livestock
Industry

15%
61%
4%

10

Policy Tools
POLICY TOOLS

Command & Control
For Medium and Big scale enterprises

Public Service Facility
For Community

Guidance / Technical Assistance
For Small scale enterprises
Effluent Standard

Public Toilet &Communal waste water
Treatment Plant

Tecnical Guidelines

EIA, Economic Instrument
Dissemination
Permit/licencing

SewerageTreatment
SystemTechnical
AssistanceCompliance
Supervision,
Law Enforcement

Model/piloting

Solid waste management

Partnership

Community Empowerment

Tecnical Guidelines/assistance11

11

INTEGRATED WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
Permit (licencing),supervision, law
inforcement , economic
incentive, assistance

Public services facility, supervision ,community empowerment , partnership ,assistance

Enhancingcompliance of
medium andbig scaleenterprises

Manual&Otoma
tic

Water quality
monitoring

Increasing thenumber andeffectiveness offacility for small
scale
enterprises andcommunity

Strengthening
effectiveness of
non point source
pollution
management

Output: Reductionof water pollution
load

Restoration ofhydrology ,morphology andecology of water
body•Lowering of max/min
discharge rasio rate
• Decliniing of erosion
and sedimentation rate
•Lowering of runoff
coeffecient rate

Outcome: Water
Quality Improvement

Conservation
programme:
Civil
Construction
andVegetativework

Outcome: Ecosystem
RecoveryImpact: Increasing ofcommunity wellfare

12Water Quality Based Approach in
Pollution Control
Water Quality Monitoring(manual dan otomatic)

Hydro-morphogy
of Watershed

Physical andSocial Economic

Watershed Based
Pollution Sources
Mapping

Location,
Number,Type,Characteri
stic of Sources

Water Quality Data
and Analysis
Classification andStandard

Development of TMDLs
Water Quality
Statues

Water Quality Index

Pollution Load Allocation
Spatial (Administration, Watershed dan Segment )Sectoral (type of sources)
Temporal (now and future)

Pollution Control Program and Action Plan:•Reduction of load at source (Off Stream)•Restoration/recovery (In stream)

13

FORMULATION OF REGULATION ANDTECHNICAL GUIDELINES• Revising Government Regulation concerning with waterpollution control• Revising Ministerial Regulation on effluent standard forvarious industry type
• Finishing Ministerial Regulation on Domestic Waste Water
Management• Finishing Minsterial Regulation on Total Maximum Allowable
Load and Waste Load Allocation• Formulating Ministerial Regulation on Automatic andContinue Monitoring System for water quality and WWTP
• Finishing Guideline on Waste water reuse
14

PROPOSED EFFLUENT STANDARD OF DOMESTIC WASTE WATER IN THE DRAFTOF MINISTERIAL REGULATION
Parameter

Unit

Maximum
Concentration *

pH

–

6–9

BOD

mg/L

30

COD

mg/L

100

TSS

mg/L

30

Minyak & lemak

mg/L

5

Amoniak

mg/L

10

jumlah/100

3000

Total ColiformmL*= Apartement, losmen, dormitori, healthy clinic, educational institution,
office and comercial building, departement store, market, housing,restorant, Municipal WWTP, harbour, airport, railway station, bus terminal,
jail.
15

– PILOT PROJECT FOR DOMESTIC SOURCE- POLLUTION CONTROL-

Year

Number of
WWTP

Capacity(person)Pollution load
Reduction (tonBOD/year)

Generated
Biogas(m3/day)

LPG-equal(kg/day)

LOCATION(WATERSHED)

2010

3

8756

115.72

69.99

32.21

Barito Martapura

2011

3

1460

19.30

11.67

5.37

Musi

18.56

Barito,Bengawan Solo,
Ciliwung

2.94

Ciliwung, Musi,
Lumajang,
Semarang

2012

2013

4

4

5046

800

66.69

10.57

40.34

6.39

2014

3

1643

18,7

13,34

6,05

2015

4

1500

19,83

47,96

5,51

Brantas,Bengawan Soloand Barito
Citarum,
Ciliwung,
Brantas16

INDUSTRIAL RATING PROGRAM (PROPER)

17

INDUSTRIAL RATING PROGRAM (PROPER)
Compliance Level:•Gold•Green•Blue•BlackComplience Level

Complience
Level

Complience Level
Complience Level
Complience Level

Complience Level
Complience
Level

18

WASTE TO ENERGY PROGRAM

Estimated
Production

Pollution Load
Reduction

GHG
Generated
Reduction Electricity

Ton

Ton COD/day

Ton CO2e/day

MW

Palm Oil Industry

31.5 million

17.86 million

93.55 million

2.55
millionCassava Starch Industry( Lampung Province)

26.54

8,758

45,984439

Type of Industry

19– PILOT PROJECT FOR SMALL MEDIUM SCALED ENTERPRISESPOLLUTION CONTROL-

SMEs Type of Pollution Control
Bio-digester for Tofu

Bio-digester for
Livestock waste
treatment

2011

3

581

2012

2

22

1

2013

4

74

1

10

1

10

1

Year

2014
2015

1

WWTP for
Batik

20

BIODIGESTER FOR WASTE TREATMENT FROM TOFU
AND LIVESTOCK (SMEs)

21

MODEL ONLINE MONITORING IN CILIWUNG RIVER
STREAM AND EFFLUENT OF POLLUTION SOURCES

INTERNET
User

Communication technology :Technology GSM

Data Source

Office,,Hotel, Hospital

Sensor location :•Stream Sungai•Outlet Iof WWTP

Stream/river

Monitoring Parameters :1. Chemical Parameters (13)
2. Phisical Parameters (3)3. Visual Observation
22

Protecting Buildings
StreamOutlet of WWTP

23

• Name of Site : Citarum Watershed• Province : West Jawa
– 10 Regency• Up-Stream : Kabupaten Sumedang, Bandung, Bandung Barat, Kota
Bandung, Cimahi• Mid-Stream : Kabupaten Cianjur, Purwakarta• Down-Stream : Kabupaten Bogor, Karawang, Bekasi– Area : About 70.5 km2• Paddy : 219,934 ha (31.2%)• Upland : 276,738 ha (39.2%)• Forest : 23,960 ha (3.4%)• Built-up Area : 85,425 ha (12.1%)• Others : 99,352 ha (14.1%)– Population : about 12.8 Million capita(estimated based on data in statistical annual reports of each Kab)24

• Name of Case Study : Citarum Watershed– 10 Regency– 15 Sub-Watershed

25

ASSESSMENT RESULT OF WATER QUALITYDESIGNATED CLASS OF CITARUM RIVER
Segment

Segment

Current
Water
Quality

Proposed
Water
QualityClass

Water Quality Target

2015-20192020-2024

Upstream

CisantiWangisagara

II-III

I

II

I

1

WangisagaraW.Saguling

III-IV->IV

II

III

II

2

W.SagulingW.Ciarata

III-IV

II

III

II

3

W.CirataW.Jatiluhur

III-IV

II

III

II

4

W.JatiluhurMuara

III-IV

II

III

II
26

POLLUTION SOURCES OF CITARUM

Liviestocks have beendischarging their waste into river

Urban stettlements have been discharging
their waste into drainages that areconnected into river

Settlements located in the river bankhave been discharging their waste
directly into river

Industries have been discharging
their waste into river without proper treatment

27

Pollution load from Domestic Source

Domestic source isaccounted as
the biggest pollution
load contributor

28

Pollution load from Domestic Source

Urban drainage
is usedfor receiving
household waste

29

Pollution load from Domestic Source

Development of housingsare not equippedby WWTP30

Model of Citarum Watershed
1. Saguling Upstream , from Wangisagara to
Inlet of Saguling Dam
2. Saguling Dam – Cirata Dam , from outlet of
Saguling Dam to inlet of Cirata Dam
3. Cirata Dam – Jatiluhur Dam , from outlet of
Cirata Dam – inlet of Jatiluhur Dam
4. Outlet of Jatiluhur Dam – Downstream/coastal area, from outlet of Jatiluhur Dam to
Coastal Area
31

Model of Citarum Watershed

32

Reduction of Pullution Load of 75% is needed for segment No. 1 and 4
Reduction of Pullution Load of 50% is needed for segment No. 2 dan 3

Segmen1

2

3
4

Regency

Actual Load
BOD
(Kg/day)
Cirasea
22.873,91
Citarik20.382,82
Cikeruh
24.788,34
Cisangkuy
19.482,94
Cikapundung
77.341,19
Ciwidey
8.282,60
Cihaur
45.532,04
Ciminyak10.929,27
Cimeta10.076,68
Cisokan
32.219,81
Cikundul
7.803,99
DTA Jatiluhur
17.749,33
Cikao
13.985,97
Sub
Watershed

Kab.Bandung
Kab.Sumedang
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
CimahiBandung Barat
Bandung Barat
Kab.Cianjur
Kab.Cianjur
Purwakarta
Purwakarta
Kab.Bogor,Kab.Karawang
CibeetKab.Karawang,
Kab.Bekasi
Citrarum Hilir

Reduction of Reduction of Reduction of
25%
50%
75%
BOD
BOD
BOD
(Kg/day)(Kg/day)(Kg/day)
17.155,43
11.436,96
5.718,48
15.287,12
10.191,41
5.095,71
18.591,25
12.394,17
6.197,08
14.612,20
9.741,47
4.870,73
58.005,89
38.670,59
19.335,30
6.211,95
4.141,30
2.070,65
34.149,03
22.766,02
11.383,01
8.196,965.464,64
2.732,32
7.557,51
5.038,34
2.519,17
24.164,86
16.109,91
8.054,95
5.852,99
3.901,99
1.951,00
13.311,99
8.874,66
4.437,33
10.489,48
6.992,98
3.496,49

39.452,75

29.589,56

19.726,37

9.863,1980.094,45

60.070,84

40.047,22

20.023,61
33

RESULT OF TMDLs DEVELOPMENT FOR CITARUM RIVER

Segment

1

2
3

4

Regency

SubWatershed

Kab.BandungCirasea
Kab.Sumedang Citarik
Kota Bandung
Cikeruh
Kab.Bandung
Cisangkuy
Kota Bandung
Cikapundung
Kab.Bandung
Ciwidey
Kota Cimahi
CihaurBandung Barat Ciminyak
Bandung Barat Cimeta
Kab.Cianjur
Cisokan
Kab.Cianjur
Cikundul
Purwakarta
DTA Jatiluhur
Purwakarta
Cikao
Kab.Bogor,Kab.Ka
rawangCibeetKab.Karawang,
Kab.Bekasi
Citrarum Hilir

ActualPollution
Load (kg
BOD/day)

Pollution
Pollution
Load for
Load
Load foreach
TMDLs(kg Reduction
each
BOD/day) needed (kg Segment
Segment(kg
BOD/day)on (%)
BOD/day)

22.873,91
20.382,82
24.788,34
19.482,94
77.341,19
8.282,60
45.532,04
10.929,27
10.076,68
32.219,81
7.803,99
17.749,33
13.985,97

5.718,48
5.095,71
6.197,08
4.870,73
19.335,30
2.070,65
11.383,01
5.464,64
5.038,34
16.109,91
3.901,998.874,66
3.496,49

17.155,43
15.287,12
18.591,25
14.612,20 218.683,85
58.005,89
6.211,95
34.149,03
5.464,64
5.038,34 53.225,76
16.109,91
3.901,99
25.553,31
8.874,66
10.489,48

39.452,75

9.863,19

29.589,56 133.533,17

80.094,45430.996,09

20.023,61
127.443,79

60.070,84
303.552,30 430.996,09

50,74

12,35

5,93

30,98

100,0034

Contribution of Pollution Sources in Citarum Watershed
Non Point Source
Aquaculture (NPS)
6.14%
4.34%
Industry
11.84%

Livestocks
15.52%

Domestic
62.16%

Contribution of Pollution Sources in Citarum Watershed
35

Contribution of Pollution Sources in Citarum Watershed foreach Regency
Regency

Domestic (kgBOD /day)Livestock(kg
BOD/day)

Kab Bandung

70.275,89

7.865,25

Industry Aquacultue(kg(kg
BOD/day) BOD/day)

17.957,87

142,93

Non Point
Source(NPS) (kg
BOD/day)

5.319,83

Total ((kgBOD/day)101.561,78

Kab Sumedang

4.705,60

341,112.756,04

0,00

267,618.070,36

Kota Bandung

82.559,76

763,903.932,24

0,00

424,9187.680,80

Kota Cimahi

18.992,35

362,391.806,14

1,15

106,8321.268,87

Kab Bandung
Barat

25.562,27

10.145,16

1.622,34

1.787,67

4.553,03

43.670,48

Kab Cianjur

25.167,82

7.796,88

553,4312.038,62

4.939,25

50.496,01

Kab Purwakarta

12.011,80

14.875,14

5.972,27

6.907,01

2.141,90

41.908,11

Kab Bogor

6.735,24

459,68

178,45

110,192.247,00

9.730,57

Kab Karawang

30.956,71

30.806,80

8.865,4653,61

3.883,14

74.565,74

Kab Bekasi

24.100,95

1.759,15

13.722,18

0,00

5.843,68

45.425,97

Total

301.068,40

75.175,46

57.366,43

21.041,18

29.727,20

484.378,67

62,16%

15,52%

11,84%

4,34%

6,14%

Persentage

36

WASTE LOAD ALLOCATION IN CITARUM WATERSHED

Regency

Segment

Non
Aquacult
Livestock Industry
Point
Domesticue(kg(kg
Source Regenc(kg BOD(kg
BOD/day BOD/day(NPS) (kgy/day)
BOD/day))
BOD/day))

Kab.Bandung
Kab.Sumedang
Kota Bandung
Kab.BandungCirasea
Citarik
CikeruhCisangkuy
Cikapundun
Kota Bandungg
Kab.Bandung
Ciwidey
Kota Cimahi
CihaurBandung Barat Ciminyak
Bandung Barat Cimeta
Kab.Cianjur
Cisokan
Kab.Cianjur
Cikundul
DTA
Kab.Purwakarta Jatiluhur
Kab.Purwakarta Cikao
Kab.Bogor,Kab.
Karawang
CibeetKab.Karawang, Citrarum
Kab.Bekasi
Hilir

1

2

3

4

13.599,30
8.813,77
17.549,87
11.583,26

1.522,53
656,25
163,94
1.296,82

976,135.302,25
786,25
831,42

27,67 1.029,80
0,00 514,84
0,00
91,19
23,57 877,13

54.756,72
4.924,28
31.284,99
3.173,09
2.925,56
7.944,39
1.924,22

511,51
551,31
602,891.285,46
1.185,18
2.515,75
609,343.535,66
353,462.081,50
202,68186,87
171,66
41,58

3,25 284,52
10,02 372,89
1,91 177,73
226,51 576,90
208,84 531,89
3.884,40 1.593,71
940,84 386,01

2.505,17
2.961,00

3.170,32
3.747,18

1.270,59
1.501,79

1.472,08
1.739,94

12.874,90

13.126,49

1.910,75

22,84 1.654,57

36.067,47

2.681,0212.416,33

0,00 8.906,02

456,50539,5637

Citarum watershed
Domestic WWTP Target On site - Off site, (projection in 2016)
Tingkat Cakupan
Limbah Domestik dalam WatershedCitarum

No

Regency

Population/2016

PopulationinWatershed(person)/2016

1Kab. Bandung

4,699,422

3,454,566

2

Kota Bandung

2,605,814

2,605,814

3

Kota Cimahi

645,848645,848

4

Kab. Bandung
Barat

1,713,315

1,713,315

5Kab. Sumedang

1,387,687

6

Kab. Bogor

5,387,976

7

Kab. Cianjur

3,343,795

8

Kab. Purwakarta

9Kab. Karawang

10Kab. Bekasi

Total

Targe
t of
pollut
ion
load
reduc
tionfr
om
dome
stic
sourc
e

Numbe
r of
WWTP
(Capacitay of50 HH)

Budget(WWTP=IDR
320 million)

100%

6,246

1,998,673 (jt)

Population wtithout
WWTP
Accses

Prose
ntage
(%)

Number
HH(1HH= 5person)wtithout
WWTP
Accses

1,561,464

45.2

312,293620,18423.8

124,037

100%

2,481

793,835 (jt)329,382

51.0

65,876

100%

1,318

421,609 (jt)806,97147.1

161,394

100%

3,228

1,032,923 (jt)474,305

193,51640.8

38,703

100%774

247,700 (jt)609,607304,19449.9

60,839

100%

1,217

389,367 (jt)2,687,267

1,593,550

59.3

318,710

100%

6,374

2,039,7439 (jt)1,043,457

966,200

338,170

35.0

67,634

100%

1,353

432,857 (jt)2,342,278

1,703,537

993,16258.3

198,632

100%

3,973

1,271,247 (jt)2,957,107

1,340,599

882,11465.8

176,423

100%

3,528

1,129,105 (jt)26,126,699

16,201,058

7,622,707

47.6

1,524,541

30,491

9,757,065 (jt)38

Terget of Pollution Load Reduction (kg BOD/day) in
Citarum Watershed from Industry Source
Segment

1

2

Regency
Kab.Bandung
Kab.Sumedang
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
Kota Bandung
Kab.Bandung
Kota Cimahi
Bandung Barat
Bandung Barat
Kab.Cianjur
Kab.Cianjur

Pollution Load Reduction(kg BOD /day)
976,135.302,25
786,25
831,42
3.535,66
353,462.081,50
202,68186,87
171,6641,58

3

4

Kab.Purwakarta
Kab.Purwakarta
Kab.Bogor,Kab.Karawang
Kab.Karawang, Kab.Bekasi

Total

1.270,59
1.501,79
1.910,75
12.416,33
31.568,91
39

Bandung Regency Industrial Area:
Number of industries 279, actual pollution load from industry=
5042 kg BOD/day, Targeted pollution load reduction fromindustry = 2161 kg BOD/day
Actual Pollution Load
Discharge Concentrati Load of
rate
on of BOD
BOD
(m3/day)(mg/l)(kg/day)
20
56
70
78,4
20
105
70
147
30
155
70
325,5
30
205
70
430,5
30
252
65
491,4
30
300
60
540
30
350
60
630
30
400
60
720
30
450
60
810
29
500
60
870

Number ofIndustries

Ideal Pollution Load
Number Discharge Concentratio Load ofof
rate
n of BOD
BOD
Industries (m3/day)(mg/l)(kg/day)
20
50
60
60
20
100
50
100
30
150
50
225
30
200
40
240
30
250
40
300
30
300
40
360
30
350
40
420
30
400
30
360
30
450
30
405
29
500
30
435

Proposed Effluent Permit
Discharge rate 0-<100 m3/hr, Concentration of BOD Max 60 mg/l
Discharge rate100 - < 200 m3/day, Concentration of BOD Max 50 mg/l
Discharge rate 200 - < 300 m3/day, Concentration of BOD Max 40 mg/l
Discharge rate 300 – 500 m3/day, Concentration of BOD Max 30 mg/l
Discharge rate > 500 m3/day, Concentration of BOD Max 20 mg/l
40

LIVESTOCK POLLUTION CONTROL

41

POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM FOR LIVESTOCK SOURCE

Segment

1

2
3

4

Total

Regency

Sub Watershed

Kab.BandungCirasea
Kab.Sumedang
Citarik
Kota Bandung
Cikeruh
Kab.Bandung
Cisangkuy
Kota Bandung
Cikapundung
Kab.Bandung
Ciwidey
Kota Cimahi
CihaurBandung Barat
CiminyakBandung Barat
CimetaKab.Cianjur
Cisokan
Kab.Cianjur
Cikundul
Kab.Purwakarta
DTA Jatiluhur
Kab.Purwakarta
Cikao
Kab.Bogor,Kab.Karawang
CibeetKab.Karawang,
Kab.Bekasi
Citrarum Hilir

Targeted
Unit Number
Pollutio Load
BudjetNumber of Bio-digester
Reduction
Cattle1 unit= 4 head of 1 unit = IDR 20(kg BOD/day)cattlemillion
1.523
5.214
1.304 26.070.762.606
656
2.247
562 11.237.151.105
164
561
140
2.807.245.018
1.297
4.441
1.110 22.205.868.815
512
1.752
438
8.758.782.153
551
1.888
472
9.440.173.384
603
2.065
516 10.323.544.021
1.285
4.402
1.101 22.011.268.188
1.185
4.059
1.015 20.294.165.415
2.516
8.616
2.154 43.077.946.981
609
2.087
522 10.433.944.152
3.170
10.8572.714 54.286.246.301
3.747
12.8333.208 64.164.053.630
13.12644.95411.238 224.768.704.078

2.681
33.626

9.182
115.158

2.295 45.907.866.626
28.789 575.787.722.473
42

Criteria of quick wins :•Measureable progress in short/medium term•“Real effect” according to public perception
Proposed quick wins :1.River clean-up integrated program in selected
segment of Citarim, Ciliwung and Cisadane Rivers
2.River/watershed ecosystem restoration/rehabilitation

43

THANK YOU VERY MUCH