Dina Mansur Abdat, S.Si, M.Si

Head of Sub Directorate Pollution Control for Small Enterprises and Non Point Source

MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT and FORESTRY (MOEF)
REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Place/Date of Birth: Surakarta Central Java/21 Januari 1970
Education:
Faculty of Biology in Gadjah Mada University- Yogyakarta
Magister of Public Administration in Gadjah Mada UniversityYogyakarta
Work Experience :1996-2000 Environmental Impact Management Agency
2000-2010 Center for Environmental Management Region
Bali,East Nusa, West Nusa – MOE
2010-2016 Center for Environmental Management Region Java– MOEF
2017 Directorate for Water Pollution Control-MOEF –Head of Sub
Directorate for Pollution Control From Small Scale Enterprises
and Non Point SourceUrbanfarming

Otheractivities

Livestock

Kegiatan pertambangan
Industrial waste
Pollution to river
Domestic wasteOcean

Pollutan source, the receiving water body, total pollutant estimation (especiallykey parameter)  Contribution from each pollution source – priority pollution
control programs/activity

MOEF

1. MSSE Mapping
2. MSSE Database
3. Priority Setting

Technicalguideline, best
aplicabletechnology forMS enterprise

MOEF/ProvincialDistrict intitution
EF / ProvincialDistrictinstitution ofMSMEIndustry (CSR)

Industry
Assosiation

Private sector,
NGO, university

PilotProject,
replication

Technicalguidance,
monev

MSSE: Micro Small Scale Enterprises

Constitution No. 20 year 2008 About
Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises :Source: National Statistical Buareu 2011

48,85%: Livestock,Farmeries,
forestry, fisheries mostly microand small enterprises

1. Micro: Has a net worth/asset at mostRp. 50 millions/USD 3.846 excluding
lands and buildings. Maximum sale/year Rp. 300 millions/USD 23.076
2. Small: Has a net worth Rp. 50
millions/USD 3.846 – Rp. 500
millions/USD 38.461 excluding lands
and buildings. Maximum sales/year Rp.
300 millions/USD 23.076 - Rp. 2,5billions/ USD 192.307
3. Medium: Has an asset > rp. 500
millions/ USD 38.461 – rp. 10billions/USD 769.230. Maximum sales/ year > Rp. 2,5 billions/USD 192.307 –Rp. 50 billions/ USD 3.846.153.
*note : 1 USD = Rp. 13.000

Study of MOEF (2015), the potential for water pollution load reduction from MSSE
activities ranks third after the domestic and industrial sectors.

Tabel 1: Livestock Population

Source: Directorate General of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health
Ministry of Agriculture, 2017

Parameter

unit

Buffalos

Cows

Horses

Pigs

SheepsGoats

Chickens

GoosesBOD

gr/unit/day

207

292

226

128

55,7

34,1

2,36

2,46530

717

558

362

136

92,9

5,59

6,67

COD

Source: Research Center for Water Resources Development, 2004

Tabel 3: Potential Pollution Load from Livestock= unit of livestock X emission factor X 20% (potential runoff)
Parameter

unit

EFCow( year 2017)

BOD

Kg/unit/day

0,292

1.001.209 Kg/day

0,717

2.458.449 Kg/day

COD

Parameter

unit

BODKg/unit/day

COD

Potential Pollutan Load From Beef andDairy cattle (2017)(17.144.000 x EF x 0,2)

EFCow

Potential Pollutan
Load From Beef andDairy cattle (2017)(17.144.000 x EF x0,2)

Potential Pollutan
Load Reduction(Kg/day)(Population x EF x0,2) x DE

CO2 Reduction(Pop x 0,008 x25)

Economic Valuefrom LPG
substitution/day(Rp 10.000/kg
LPG)=(Pop x 12 x 0,04x 0,46 x Rp10.000)

0,292

1.001.209Kg/day

500.604 kg/day

3.428.800
kg/day37.853.952.00
0 = US2.911.842

0,717

2.458.449 Kg/day

1.229.224
Kg/day0,2 = potential runoff
0,008 = emision factor methane/cattle
25 = convertion factor (1 kg CO2 equal to 25 kg methane)
12 = buffalo feses/day (Kg)
0,04 = convertion 1 kg feses equal to 40 liter biogas
0,46 = 1 k g biogas equal to 0,46 LPG

Source: 2009 Rural Technology Development Institute in Decreasing Pollution Load - MOE 2014

Pilot Project MOEF 2007-2017 Reduction Polutan Loadfrom Cattle’s Waste Becoming Biogas
POTENTIAL BENEFITNoYEAR

1LOCATION

2008

2KAB. WONOGIRI2010

KAB. KULONPROGOAMOUNT OF
BUFFALO

616.00265.0032010

KAB. ASAHAN

80.00

42011

KAB. KULONPROGO

178.0052011

KAB. ASAHAN

80.00

62011

KAB. BLORA

207.0072011

KAB. KUDUS

120.0082011

KAB. DEMAK

210.0092011

KAB. JEPARA

234.0010

2011

KAB. KARANGANYAR

120.00112011

KAB. SEMARANG

276.0012

2011

KAB. TEGAL

120.00No

YEAR

LOCATION

POLUTAN LOAD
BOD
(Kg/day)161.39145.25

80.08

69.43

62.49

715.50

20.96

18.86

216.00

46.64

41.97

480.60

20.96

18.86

216.00

54.23

48.81

558.90

31.44

28.30

324.0055.02

49.52

61.31

55.18

631.80

31.44

28.30

324.00

72.31

65.08

745.20

31.44

28.30

324.00POLUTAN LOADAMOUNT OF
BOD
BUFFALO(Kg/day)

132011

KAB. BREBES

120.0014

2011

KAB. SUKOHARJO

150.0015

2011

KAB. BANTUL

300.00

16

2011

HIVOS

27,798.00

17

2012

KAB. MUSIRAWAS

156.00182012KOTA KUPANG

36.00

192013KOTA MATARAM

90.00

20

2013

KAB. KARANGANYAR

50.00

21

2013

KAB. KOTA WARINGIN
BARAT

44.00

POLUTAN LOAD
CO2
REDUCTION
REDUCTION
BOD(Kg/day)(Kg/day)

567.00POLUTAN LOAD
CO2
REDUCTION
REDUCTION
BOD(Kg/day)(Kg/day)

31.44

28.30

324.00

39.30

35.37

405.00

78.60

70.74

810.007.283,08

6.554,77

40.87

36.78

9.43

8.49

97.20

23.58

21.22

243.00

6.40

5.76

11.53

10.38

15.72

14.15

ECONOMI(Rupiah/day)TOTAL
FAMILY

1,360,100.00

148

585,100.00

64

176,600.00

19393,000.00

43176,600.00

19457,100.00

50

265,000.00

29

463,700.00

50

516,700.00

56

265,000.00

29609,400.00

66

265,000.00

29

POTENTIAL BENEFITECONOMI(Rupiah/day)TOTAL
FAMILY

265,000.00

29

331,200.00

36662,400.00

7275,054.00

61,370,000.00

6.672

421.20344,400.00

37

79,500.00

9198,700.00

22

3.50

110,400.00

12118.80

97,200.00

11162.00

132,500.00

14222013

KAB. OGAN ILIR

60.00

232014

KAB. BANDUNGMAJALAYA

45.00

11.79

3.54

121.5099,360.00

1124

2015

KAB. BANDUNG

60.00

15.72

4.72

162.00132,480.00

1425

2015

KOTA DEPOK

48.00

12.58

3.77

129.60105,984.00

12

No

YEAR

POLUTAN LOAD
CO2
AMOUNT OF POLUTAN LOAD BOD REDUCTION
REDUCTIONBUFFALO(Kg/day)
BOD(Kg/day)(Kg/day)

LOCATION

POTENTIAL BENEFITECONOMI(Rupiah/day)TOTAL
FAMILY

262015

KAB. BOYOLALI

60.00

15.72

4.72

162.00132,480.00

1427

2015

KAB. SUKOHARJO

60.00

15.72

4.72

162.00132,480.00

1428

2015

KAB. SIDOARJO

45.00

11.79

3.54

121.5099,360.00

1129

2015

KAB. TULUNG AGUNG

60.00

15.72

4.72

162.00132,480.00

1430

2015

KOTA MALANG

60.00

15.72

4.72

162.00132,480.00

1431

2016

KOTA BLITAR

46.00

12.05

3.62

124.20101,568.00

1132

2016

KAB. GORONTALO

47.00

12.31

3.69

126.90103,776.00

1133

2016

KAB. BANDUNG

20.00

5.24

1.57

54.00

44,160.00

5342017KAB. BOJONEGORO

42.00

11.00

3.30

113.4092,736.00

1031,903.00

1,068.81

868.72

84,422.88

70,433,944.00

992.99TOTAL

Basic Principal of Biodigester

Cattle’s Cage

Mixing container(feses + Water=liquidwaste)

Inlet

Biodigester

Delegation
Container

Slurrytank
Biofertelizer

3142
1. Livestock
2. Mixingkotoran dg
air 1:1
3. Inlet &digester
4. Digester &delegation
container
5. Dome ofDelegation
6. Manometer
7. Stove

876

12

35

4

1. Livestock
2. inlet - mixing
3. Inlet, Digester I,Digester delegation
container
4. Inlet, Digester,Delegation container
5. Manometer and stove312
1. Soil Digging
2. Placementsof bricks on
the Digester
3. inlet
4. Digester isplastered bycement
5. Digester
Delegation
container

654

Technically: there is a constraint because the constructionof biodigester generally can not be done independently bycattle ranchers Economically: the cost for impurities from 4-5 cows is
identical to the capacity of 6 M3 digester that costs Rp. 25
million/ US 1,923 (1 cow produced 20-30 Kg feses andurin)
 Budget constrain of Provincial/District Environment
Institution: Physical infrastructure support for biodigester
has been provided as pilot project from MOEF by national
budget/APBN.
 MOEF encourages the establishment of provincial /regency / municipality government policy in developing
zonation of micro small enterprises activities so that
communal biodigester can be built for waste management
into bioenergy
MOEF already develop draft of Ministerial Decree for Pollution
Prevention from Micro and Small Enterprises that consist ofarticles: Design Urban Planning of District Government shouldtake into account zonation to integrating micro and small
enterprises and equiped with communal WWTP – Ministerial
Decree will declare on 2018
 Since 2006-2017 National Budget provide alocation to District
Gov through DAK ( Special Budget) to suport infrastructure forbiodigester, and will continue. Some Provincial district alocatedlocal budget to replicate biodig


1.

2.
3.
4.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Livestock waste maintenance in Indonesia besides to suppress
pollution in water bodies also produces biogas as an additional
benefit (co benefit)
The use of biogas reduces household expenditure to buy cooking
fuel (LPG)
The potential of conversion of waste to energy in Indonesia is still
very open because the number of livestock each year is increasing
Cattle waste management in Indonesia should continue to be
encouraged in addition to improv water quality as well as
supporting Greenhouse Gases emission reduction activities.

Livestock and Animal Health Statistics 2017. Publisher: Directorate General ofAnimal Husbandry and Animal Health Ministry of Agriculture
Constitution No. 20 of 2008 on Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises
Constitution No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Management
Central Bureau of Statistics 2011Reduction of Polutan Load From Small Scale Enterprises, MOE 2014

Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Republic of Indonesia