51

Notesof the Tipulidoeof Ecuodor(OrderDiptero)
PART V
By Charles P. Alexander, Universityof Massachusettes,Amherst, Massachusetts.

t

The preceding report under this general title was published
in Rev. Ecuat.Ent. Par. I (4): 77 - 94 (1953).
As indicatedat that time, the presentpaper is a direct continuaiion of that article and compleiesthe considerationof the species of the subgenusGeranomyiaof the genusLimonia Meigen. In
this report I am discussingthe remaining22 speciesof the subgenus
sc far disccveredin Ecuador,the includednunrbersbeing 36 through.).i.

GER,ANOMYIA HALIDAY(concluded)
36.

Limonia (Geranomyia)inquisita Alexander, 1942.

Zamora, Loja altitude 1000 meters, December 20,(Laddey).

l94l

The types were from Ayna, La Mar, Ayacucho, Peru, altitude2400 meters, April 25, 1941, taken by Felix Woytkowski.
Rev. Ecuat. Ent. Par . 2 (l2) Eneto-Abril

1954.

52
I\,Ialehypopygium(fig . 10) with the ninth tergite, 9t, transverse,the posteriorborder very shallorvlyemarginate;lobes lorv withstrong setae. Ninth sternite,9s, broad, with relativelyfew setae,twoouter pairs strongerthan the others; the Ecuador material has thesternitea little narrower than in the type, as figured. Basistyle,b,u'ith the ventro-mesallobe only slightly constrictedat base. Dorsal
dististylea nearlystraightrod, at apexsuddenlydeflectedand narrowed
into a straight spine. Ventral dististyle,d, dark-colored,relatively
large, its total area exceedingtrvicethat of the basistyle;rostral prolongationtumid at base,the actualrostrum short and stout; two spinesfrom verv unequal basal tubercles,the inner spine slender,subequalin length to its tubercle;outer spine approximatelyas long, its tuberg, with the mesal-apicallobe acle much smaller. Gonapophysis,
curvedspine,its tip acute. Aedeagus,a, with the apicallobessmall
pointed at tips.
and inconspicuous.
37.

Limonia (Geranomyia)
lachrymalis(Alexander,1916).

Huigra, altitude 4500 feet, June 13, 1914 (Parish); types.
Knovrn also from llexico, Panamaand Peru.
the
Male hypopygium(fig. I l) with the tergite,9t transverse,
gntariiinate,
posteriorbordervg11;5hollo',',ti),
ihe lor'.rlobesrvii:irbroadly
thickenedmargins:seta.eof iobes and marginsunusuallysDarse. In
cases,the posteriorborderof telgitewith a s:lail meCiannotch. Proctiger extensive,rnicroscopicallysetuloseexcept at apex. Ninth sternite oval, relativelynarrow, rvith unusuallystrong setae,includingseriesof about six or sevenpairs of marginalones,rvith still otherson thedisk of the outer half. Basistyle,b, large,its ventromesallobe low,broadly attached. Dorsal distist,viea nearly straightblackenedrod,
narrowedto the acutetip. Veirtraldististvle,d, small,the body oval,
the area rrluch less than that of the basistyle,in cases only about
one-half as large; rostral prolongationstout; a single rvell-developed
rostral spinefrom a small basal tubercle,more posteriorl5'with a lo'v
darkenedtuberclewithout spine. Gonapophysis,with the mesal-apical lobe broad, narrou'edto an acute spine. Aedeagusbroadened
lateralshoulders,
the terrninalflaps small.
outwardh';rvith conspicuous
38.

Limonia (Geranomyia)luteimanaAlexander, 1938.

Abitagua, altitude l2OO - 1600 rneters,September21, 1937
(Macintyre)ltype; topotypicalon April 9, 1940 (Laddey).

53
Male hypopygium(fig. 12) with the tergite,9t, transverse,verv narrow, representingthe extreme in the local fauna; lobes very
iorv and broad, setaeabundant,invoh'ingnore ihan the posteriorthirdof the segment. Ninth sternitebroadly semioval,rvith numeroussetae on the central third, virtually lacking along the margin; in the only
male available, the sternite is folded on the microscopeslide so thatits full width is difficult to deternine. Basistyle,b, with the ventromesal lobe very long. Dorsal dististylea small curved sickle, the tip
acute. Ventral dististyle, d, large and fleshy, entirely darkened, its
area nearly three times that of the basistyle;rostral prolongation slender, with trrro unequal rostral spines; inner spine on outer margin atbase, from an elongatetubercle; outer spine placed rnore distally on
fa.:e of style, arising from a verv small inconspicuoustubercle, bent
backward, about three--fourthsas leng as the inner spine. Gonapooh'',s!s,g, rvith mesal-apicallobe blackened,relatively slender. Aea, glabrous,at apex suddenlynarrorved,terminating in two
Cea_eus,rricroscopiclobules.

39 .

Limonia (Geranomyia)nugatoriaAlexander,1943.

Abitagu4,Mayorga Plaza,altitude 1100 meters,April l?-, 1940
(Macintyre);type.
\,{ale hypopygium (fig. 13) uniformll' dark bto,*.'ntninth terthe thickened
gite transverse,
the posteriorborder shallowlyernarginate,marginsof lobeswith stronq setae. Ninth sterniterelativelvlong andnarrov,',iis apex difficult to see ;n slide n'lount;setaerelativelyfew but
strong setulaeabundant:maior setae arrangedin pairs on either side of rniCline,lacking on the lateral portions except nea.rbase. Dorsal di.stisi.,lecurved to the lons terminal soine. Ventral dististyle,rostral prolo;tqationflattened,Fendant;spinesplaced at ba.seof rrrolongation, arising from small approximated but separate tubercles;
g. rvith thespinessiraieht,sutresualto one another. Gonapophysis,
mesal-apicallobe darkened,appearingas a stout gently curved horn.
Aedeagus outwardly relatively slender, clothed rvith abundant erect
setrilae.
40

Limonia (Geranomyra) nurnenius (Alexander, 1913).

Abitagua, altitude 1000 meters,November 6 -7, 1936 (Ma-cintyre). Widespreadin northern South America, northwardto Panama.

54
Male hypopygium (fig. 14) with the ninth tergite transverse,
its posteriorbordersvery shallowlyemarginate,with low lateral lobes;
setaecontinuedbasad along the sides of the tergite. Ninth sternite
semioval,moderatelybroad, with abundantcoarsesetaethat are concentratedon the disk, the actualniarginsvirtually glabrous;ouiemrcsi
setaesmaller than others on the disk. Basistyle,b, with the ventromesallobe reiativelysmall. Dorsal dististylea long gently curvedrod,
the iong tip acute. Ventral dististyle,d, fleshy,its area about two andorre..half
tii,:i:,;ri:: ba::slr'ie;seiaeabunciarri
anciconspicuous;rcstrai
prolongationvery short and obtuse;outer spine shorter, arising from asmall tubercle on face of prolongation;inner spine longer, on upper
margin, from a larger tubercle. Gonapophysis,g, with the r-.le:,.11-aprcal lobe a slendercurved black spine. Aedeagus,a, glabrous,unusually long and slender,representingalmost the extremein the iocal
fauna, apical lobes very reduced.
14.

Limonia (Geranomyia)opulensAlexancler.1g4s.

Baiios, altitude 1900 meters,April 29, l93g (Macintyre);type.
Male hypopygium (fig. 15) with the tergite large, the lobes
conspicuous,with heavily thickened margins, separatedby a narrownotch. Ninth sternite moderatelybroad, with abundant setae overrnost of the surface,two pairs of outer marginal ones larger and more flattened. Dorsal ciististyleunusuallyiong and slender. Ventral
dististyle,d, relatively small, its area only a little more than twice thebasistyle;rostral prolongationslender,srightly expanded outrvard,iy,
the iip obtuse,entire, provided with severalshort setae;spinestwo.
from the summit of an elongatetubercle, each arising from its o1i,,nreducedindividual tubercle at the summit of the nnajor one, spines
straight, slender. Gonapophysis,g, with the mesal-apicallobe unusually long and slender,gently curved to the narrowly obtuse tip.
Aedeagusglabrous.
42.

Limonia (Geranomyia) pallidapex Arexander, lg45 .

zurtbi, Rio zamora, santiago-zamora, altitude 700 meteis,
November 1, 1941 (Laddey); type.
Male hypopygium (fig . 16) entirely darkened. Ninth tergite
transverse,narrow, the posterior border shallowly ernarglnate,the lo-

55
bes low and broad, the outer margins lnore thickened;seiae long but
relatively sparse. Ninth sterniterather broadly oval, with numerous
setaethat are chiefly discal, the outer ones smaller; lateral margins
lvithout setae or virtually so. Basistyle,b, with ventro;nesal lobe
long, with relatively ferv but long setae. Dorsal dististylea relatively
stout flattenedsickle, narrowedto the long acute tip. Ventral dististyle, d, a little more than twice as extensiveas the basistyle,provided
rvith sparsescatteredsetae;rostral prolongationslender,the tv'o sp!nes unequal,the more basal one stout, from a low tubercle,the outerspine shorter and more slender,from a scarcely indicated tubercle.
Gonapophysis,g, with the mesal-apicallobe relatively narrow, gentl}' .uru.O. Aedeagus,a, blackened,a little dilated on outer half,
blades.
ihe apex abruptly narrowedinto compressed
43.

Lirnonia (Geranomyia)parilis Alexander, 1945.

Runtun, Tungurahua, altitude 2200 meters, July 27, 1939
(hzlacintyre);typeMale hvpoplrgiuin (fig. 17) with the tergite transverse, theposierior border very shallowly emarginate, the lovr lobes slightly
thickened;cephalic border of sclerite slightly convex. Ninth sterniie oval, with numeroussetae of moderate length scatteredover virtually the whole surface,more concentratedon the sides,the narrow
central line with fewer setae. Basistyle,b, with the ventromesallobe
oval, constrictedbasally. Dorsal dististyle a gently curved rod, narrowed verv gradually into the long straight apical spine. Ventral
dististyle,d, large and fleshy, its area nearly the basistvle;rostral prcthe apex obtusely
longation beyond the spines compresed-flattened,rounded; spinestlvo, from a common tubercle at extrerne base of
prolongation,one spine at summit. the second from a small lateral
tubercle at just beyond midlength of the major common one. Gonapophysis,E, with the mesal-apicallobe darkened, curved to theobtuse tip. Aedeagus,a, relatively broad, glabrous, the trvo apicalextendedinto slender points.
flaps hyaline, relatively.small,44 .

Limonia (Geranomyia) pastazina Alexander, 1944.

Abitagua,Mayorga Plaza,altitude 1100 meters,April 12, 1940.
(l'{acintl're);type.

56
Male hypopygium(fig. 18) with the ninth tergite transverse,
the posteriorborder rvith a very broad and shalloiv V-shapednotch,
tbe lobes obliqueiy truncate, with numerous black setae. Ninthsternite very short, its posterior border not or scarcelyproduced medially, with unusuallyfew setaethat are more concentratednear iheouter lateral corners,there being only about four setae across the
mid-region. Basistyle,b, small,the ventromesal
lobe with long setae.
Dorsal disiistyiea verr/ stronglycurved and relatively sienderrod, thetip narrowlyobtuse. Ventral dististyle,d, darkened,large and fleshy,
its area exceedingthree times the basistyle;rostral prolongationstout,
the apex truncate to very obtuse; tr,vorostral spines,the inner froin avery low tubercle on the disk, the outer spine from a smal:er tirbercle on the upper margin, both spinessubequalin length, the inner ag, rvith the mesal-apicaltrifle more curved. Gonapophi,sis,lobe pale, unusualiylong and slender,appearingas a nearly strair:hi roci.
Aedeagusrelativelybroad,with microscooicsetulae,terr:ir.atingin i-;'r
microscopicoval lobules.
45 .

Limonia (Genanomyia)plumbeipleura(Alexander, 1915).

Huigra, altitude 4500 feet, June 16, 1941 (Parish);Types.
Widespreadin the ArnericanTropics: Doininica. Panama, TriniCad,
Colombia,Yenezueia.
i"{ale hypopl'gium(fig. 19) rvith the ninth tergite transverse,
narrowedoutwardlv,the posteriorborder with a narrow mediannotch,
the lobeslarge and obtuse;setaeon lobesand extensivelyso alcnt s:des to tiie baseof tersite. Ninih sterniteoval, with relatively fe"r'
bui large setae,the strongestof thesejust insidethe margin,thoseof
the disk smalier,the outer trxroor three pairs larger. Basistyle,b,with the ventrorne.sal
iobe large,with an accessorylobule on face nearbase. Dorsal dististylea stronglycurvedrod, narrowedinto a straightternninalspine. Ventral dististyle,d, large and fleshy, its area aboutfour times that of the basistyle;rostral prolongationa iong, more orless cornpressed-flattened
blade, the two spines from very large tubercles,one lying above,the other below the base of the prolongation,
directed outward; tuberclesand spinessubequalin length and size.
g, with the mesal-apicallobe relativelypale, gently curGonapophysis,ved, the main body of the apophysissmall. Aedeagus,a, relatively
broad, glabrous, terminating in two nearly hyaline lobes that are extendedinto acute spinouspoints.

57
46.

Limonia (Geranomyia)rabula Alexander, 1940.

Bafros,altitude2000 rneters,May 25, 1t)37(Macinirre):type.
I\fale h1'popl,gium(fig. 20) with the tergite,,9t, r.ransverse,
itsposteriorborder broadly emarginate;lobes obtuse,rvith relatively few
setae,approximatelyl1 or 12, rvith about trvc additional isolatedsetaealong sides of the tergal plate. Ninth sternite (not figured)
broadly oval, with relatively few setae,including a series of about
eight strong ones along the posterior border, with fewer and rveakersetaeon the disk; setaeon cephalicthird of scleritelacking or virtualiy so. Basistvlevery small. its ventromesallobe large. Dorsal dististvle a strongrod, curved on outer half, the apex suddenlynarrorved
into a straightspine. Ventral distist,,le,d, veiv large,its area exceeriirl four ti:riesthat of the Lrasisfr'le;rostralprolongationsnrall,its e.pex
short, obtuse; two long rostral spinesfrom a low common tubercle
placedat near midlengthof the outer margin of the prolongation;spines nearly equal, nearlv straight,exceedingthe prolongationin length.
Gonapophysiswith mesal-apicallobe a flattenedpale blade that curves into an acute point; body of apophvsissmall, conspicuouslvblackened. Aedeagus,a, glabrous;apical lobes relativelS,small ,oval,
obtuse.
47 .

Limonia (Geranornyia)recondita(Arexander,lgzl).

Syn.

Lirnonia (Geranonivia)gelatifexEdwards, 1934.

Abitagua,altitude 1200 meterssepternber20, lg37 (Mac.intr,'re).
wide-spreadin northern south AmericaGrriana,EcuaCor,Peru, Brazil.

panama. British

Male hypopy-eium(fig. 21) rvith the ninth tergite transverse,
the posterior border rvith tu'o broad obtuselvrounded lobes, separaied by a narrow notch, providedwith abundantsetae. Nlnth sternite.'vithsironesetae,tlie largestnearivnrarginal,the outer pa-ir
oo,'al.
strongest and decussate;
fewer and u'eakersetaeon disk. Baslstyle,b,r','ith the ventromesallobe large, with a smaller accessorylobule atits base. Dorsal dististylea small, very stronglycurved rod that na-

58
rrows very gradually into a long terminal spine. Ventral dististyle,rLrsd, llrge and fleshy. its area exceeciingthree times the basist,"-ie;tral prolongation a flattened cleaverlike blade, with nurnerous longsetaealong the lower margin; two very unequal spines,insertedon s;yle below base of prolongation,the outer from a long strong tubercle
that is about equal in length to the spine, the latter obliquely poinieC
at apex; l,econdspine lying in the axil, very delicateto virtualilr setoid, from a small tubercle. Gonapophysis,g, with mesal-apicallobe bent strongly at near midlength, thence narrowed into a biackened
terminal spine. Aedeagus,a, glabrous,relatively narrorv; apical lobes small, extendedinto acute spines.
48 .

Limonia (Geranomyia) refuga Alerander, lg44 .

Abitagua, altitude 1100 meters,I\{arch 21, l9-10 (ivlacint.vre);
type.
Male hypopygium (fig. 22) with the ninth tergite, 9t,, transverse, narrowed outwardly, the posterior border with a broad but
shallow emargination; lobes low, with abundant long setae; margl-

nal thickenings,particularlyof the lobes, conspicuous. Ninth ster:rite brcaC.senriovalwith numeroussetae,the marginal seriesstouter,especiaiiythe outer three pairs; additional setaeon disk, ihe central
ones weak. Basistvle,b, r,viththe ventromesailobe about one-third
thc size of the body of style. Dorsal dististylea relatively slendercurved rod, narrowed very graduali,"-to the long acute terminal spine. Ventral dististyle,d, large and fleshy, its area nearly four tin:es;he i;.as!sj-.,'ie:rosiral proloneation:slender,especialiv ihe iernrir::,
part; spinestwo, separated,arising from slightly unequal basei t:-rbercle. Gonapophysis,g, with the mesal-apicallobe pale, the concave margin rvith a conspicuosflange. Aedeagus,a, glabrous; apical flaps smooth and apparently subangulateat apex but not extended into a hairlike point.

49.

Limonia (Geranornyia)scolopax(Alexander,1913).

Huigra,altitude4500 feet, June 19, 1914 (Parish).
Wide-spreadfrom Guatemala,southwardto Peru.
Male hypopygium(fig. 23) with the tergite transverse,its posterior border rvith a narrow u-shapednotch, the lobes broadll; obtu-

59
se, rvith thickened margins; setae of the lateral borders veri' i,parse.
Ninth sternite broadly oval, rvith relatively ferv setae.the outer m.ab
ginal onesstronger. Basistvle,b, with its ventromesallobe pale, withIong setae. Dorsai dististyle? nearhi straight rod, the outer thirdslightly curved, narrowedinto a straiqht spine. Ventral dististyle,d,lirusualh,-small. i'rsarea scarc'eJ',o:.re-h:lfgreaterti,an thli of the basistyle,with relatively few setae;rostral prolongaiion slenCervzith two
separatedspines,the outer a little longer, from a larger tubercle; inner:pine nt e:<treme
baseof rlroionsation.straisht.from a snall tubercle.
g, r.'ith tlie rrresal-apicrl
Gonapcnlt'v:;is,lol."edark colereC,stia.irhland
nolnfed. AedeaiiLls,
a. reiatlr,elyi:road; apica! lobes large. pale, withobtusetips.

50.

Limonia (Geranomvin)separata(Alerander,l92l) .

Duran, altitude300 feet, April 25, 1914 (Parish). Known also
from Peru.
Male hypopygium (fiq. 24) rvith the ninth tergite transverse,
the posterior border verv shallorvly emarginate,the lorv lateral lobes
only narrowly thickened, obtuse, with relativelv sparsesetaethat arecontinuedcephaladonto the disk but not onto the marsins. Ninthsterniterelativelr/narro\l/, with strong setaeon sidesof basal half andio',r,ard apex. Basistyle with the ventromesal lobe stout. Dorsal
distist-r'lea curved rod that na.rrowsver\r gradurallvintc the lons terminal splne. Ventral distisivle,d, small, its area about t',r'oand onehalf timeg fhat of the basistvie;rostral prolongationsler,Cer,the tr,r,ostraight spinessubequal,shorier than the prolonqationbeyond them,nlacedne?r haseof proloneation,arisingfrom small tubercles. Gonapophvsis,g, with the mesal-apicallobe pale, long and slender,gentlrT
curved to the acute tin. Aedeagusmoderatelybroad, terminatingin
tu'o relatirrelvsnall hl'aline blades that are produced into slenderooints.
5l .

Linnonia(Geranorn5'ia)
stenophallusAlexander, 1944.

A.h!tar:ua.
altitude 11CC!reiers,April 12, 1940 (lt,fac;ntvre):i:,'pe. Z.',tr;bi.,Rio Zamora, ajtitude 700 meters,October 31, l94l
(Laddey). Known also from Venezuelaand Perri.

60Male hypopygium (fig. 25) with the ninth tergite transverse
but relatively long; posterior border shallowly emarginate,the low lateral lobes with relatively few long setae. Ninth sternite narrowed
to the obtuse tip, setae numerous and scattered. Basistyle,b, withthe ventromesallobe long and narrow. Dorsal dististyle a slendergently curveCrod that narrows into a long straight apical spine.
Ventral dististyle,d, fleshy, its area somewhatmore than twice thatof the basistyle;rostral prolongationshort and stout, the apex truncate, wit-hseveraisetae;spinestwo, from small separatebasaltubercles;
spinesslender,bent slightly backward. Gonapophysis,g, with thernesel-apicaiicbe a slendersmooth curved darkenedspine, the tip
acute. Aedeagus,a very long and slender,a little expandedbefore
apex; surfaceglabrous;no developedapical flaps.
52.

Limonia (Geranomyia)subpentheres
Alexander, 1943.

Abiiagua,May'orgaPlaza,riliiude i i00 rneters,.A,;:l'ilil, 19+i
(Macintyre);type.
Male hypopygium (fig. 26) with the ninth tergite transverse,
the posterior lobes large, broadlv rounded, with darkenedand slightly
thickenedmargins;setaeat apicesof lobes smaller than the large andpci'ieriu.ct3'; oa sidesof scierite.Ninth sternite,9s, unusuallv narrow, much longerthan broad, rvith strongsetae,chiefly marginalandsubmarginalbut with some weaker ones on disk, the outer marginalpair strongest. Basistyle,b, with the ventromesallobe relativell,short. Dorsal dististylea small rod, gently curved,narrowedto theapicalspine. Ventral dististyle,d, large and fleshy,its area exceeding
threc tiines that of the basistyle;rostral prolongationstout and nearly
glabrous before the spine, the apex slender,with about seven small
setae; a single rostral spine from a long conspicuousbasal tubercle
that is longer than the outer end of the prolongation;spine long andslender, curved. Gonapophysis,g, pale, the mesal-apicallobe curved to a subacutespinouspoint. Aedeagus,a, slender,glabrous;apical lobessmall, each apparentlyextendedinto a long needlelikepoint.
53.

Limonia (Geranomyia)tibialis (Loew, l85l).

GaiapagosIslands:Isla SanCristobal(Chatham),April 18, 1932
(M . l'/illows, Jr.) . One of the commonestand most widely disiri-

6lbuted of Tropical American membersof the subgenus: Mexico; Jantaica, Puerto Rico, Dominica, Grenada;British Guiana, Paraguay.
Male hypopygium (fig. 27) with the ninth tergite transverse,
the posterior border shallowly emarginate,the low lobes with relatively numerouspale setae. Ninth sternitelow and transverse,the posterior margin truncate or weakly concave,with about nine setae on
either side. Basistyle with the ventromesallobe large, more than
one-third the body of the style. Dorsal dististylean unusuallybroad
blade, suddenlynarrowed into a long straight apical spine. Ventral
dististyle,d fleshy, its area approximatelythree times that of the basistyle; rostral prolongation slender, the two spines placed near its
base,close together on individual small tubercles. Gonapophysis,g,rvith the mesal-apicallobe conspicuouslybidentate, the axial spine
longer. Aedeagus,a, broad, glabrous,at apex with two pale bladesthat are extendedinto hairlike points.
54 .

Limonia (Geranomyia)tumidibesisAlexander, 1938.

Abitagua, altitude 1200 meters,May 27, 1939 (Macintyre);
type.
Male hypopygium (fig. 28) with the posterior border of thetergite thickened,shailowly notched,the obtuse'lobesprovided with
abundant setae. Ninth sternite relatively small, oval. Basistyle,b,with the ventromesallobe large. Dorsal dististyle a gently curved
rod, narrowed very gradually to the acute tip. Ventral dististyle, d,moderatelylarge, fleshy, its total area oniy about two and one-halftimes that of the basistyle;rostral prolongation sclerotized, the thickening continued along the cephalic border of the style to its base;apex of prolongation very short and precipitous; two long spinesfrom
very separatetubercles,the outer one longest, placed almost at theextreme end of the prolongation. Gonapophysis,g, with mesal-apical lobe slender, curved. Aedeagusglabrous, the apical lobes ofmoderatesize.
55 .

Limonia (Geranomyia)umbricolor Alexander, 1937.

Bafros, altitude 5850 feet, September 12, 1936 (Macintyre);
type. Abitagua,Mayorga Plaza,altitude 1100 meters,April 12, 1940.
(Macintyre). Known also from Peru.

52
Male hypopygium(fig. 29) with the ninth tergite transverse,
the posterior border emarginate;lobes rounded, their margins thickened and provided with abundantsetae. Ninth sternite-rather narrovrlv oval, with strong setaethat are chiefly marginal or subrnarginal in distribution, three pairs being longer and n-lore powerful,especiallythe outermostpair. Basistyle,b, with the ventromesal
lobe
broad-based. Dorsal dististylerelatively short and broad, curved very
graduallyinto a long terminal spine. Ventral dististyle,d, darkened,large and fleshy, its area approximatelythree times that of the basistyle; rostral prolongationnarrow, the two spinesplacednear midlength,leaving a more constrictedbasal necklike portion; spines subequalin
length but appearingunequal becauseof the slightly different basal
tubercles,thesevery closely approximatedor partly fused at base.
g, rvith mesal-apical
Gonapophysis,
lobe a stronglvcurved spine,its
tip acute,the surfacewith microscopicappressedspinoussetae. Aedeagusrelatively broad, narrowed outwardly, the two apical lobes
small, hyaline, extendedinto hairlike points.
56.

Limonia (Geranomyia)vindicta dilucida subsp. n.

Generallvas in the typicalform, differingespeciallyin certain
detailsof the male hypopygiurn(fig. 32).Ninth ter_site
thetransverse,
posteriorborderconspicuouslv
emarginate
but the lobes not thickened
mar-einally,setae more abundant. Ninth sternite narrower than in
iirpicalvindicta,setaeverv ferv but powerfui,marginalin distribution.
Basistyle,b, with a small setiferousturble on mesal face near theventromesallobe. Dorsal dististylelonger and more slender. Ventral dististyle,d, large and fleshy, its area approximately four times
that of the basistyle;rostral prolongationvery short and obtuse,much
as in ,1t. 11,pical
fornt. Gonapophysis
rvith mesal-apicallobe uniformly
iight horn color, not biackenedat tin, rvith a low mdrginal flange.
.A.edeagus
relativelybroad, with abund.ant
erect setulae.
Hcloivpe, :'ircle,Zuurbi, Rio Zanrora, altitude 700 meters,
October28, 1941 (Laddri').
11'picalvindicta Alexander (venezuela)has the rnale hypopygium (fig. 3l) slightlv different. Ninth tergite narrorvly transverse,
the posteriormargin virtualll' truncate,the lobes being barely indicaied, their margins not thickened. Ninth sternite broadly oval, with

63
very strong setaethat are nearly marginalin position, the outermost
pair a little stronger. Dorsal dististyle relatively strong. Ventral
dististyle,d, large and fleshy, its area approximateiyfour times thatof the basistyle;rostral prolongationexceedingly
short and obtuse,thespinesfrotn verv lorv basal tuberclesplaced beside one anothir, one
spine slightly larger. Gon:rpophysis,g, pale, only the abruptly narrov,'edapical point blackened. Aedeagus,a, relatively broad, with
abundanterect paie setulae;apicalflaps small.
57 .

Limonia (Geranom.via)xanthoplaca(Alexander, lg2l\ .

Rio Arajuno, headwatersof the Rio Napo, Napo-Pastaza,
altiiude 1000 meters,April 21, l94l (Macintyre).Elsewherefrom AmazonianPeru.
Male hypopygium(fig. 30) with the ninth tergite transverse,
narrowed outwardly, the posterior border with a very shallow emargination,the lobescorrbspondingly
low, with numeroussetae. Ninthsternitesmall and very obtuse,the marginwith only about six to eight
set:e. tsasistylewith the ventromesallobe large, nearly one- half
the bodv of the style. Dorsaldististylea moderatelystoutcurvedrod,
r:.irrowedto the long acuteterminalspine. Ventral dististyle,d, largear.d flesh','.i'rs arga approximatelythree times that of the basistyle;rostral nrolongationlong, its apex slender,the tip narrowedto subacuie; spinesx'idelv separated,boih fronr long basal tubercles,that oftne in:rerspinea little iongersecondspinenot far removeCfrom apex
oi prolorrgation;spinesvery long and slender,as long or longer thanlh: cicr;aldististyie,snbequalor the outer one a little longer. Gonapop!:i'si:, g. rviih n:esal-apicallobe pale, broad, narrolvedto the acutetip. Aedeagusslender;terminallobesoval ,obtuse,of moderatesize.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES
Illale hypopygiaof Geranomyia
Fig. 10.
Fig. 11.
Fig. i?.
Fig. 13.
Fig . l.t .

Limonia (Geranornyia)
inquisitaAlexander,1942.
Linronia (Geranomyia)lachrymalis(Alexander,19l6).
Linionia (Geranomyia)
IuteimanaAlexander,1938.
Limonia (Geranomyia)nugatoriaAlexander,1943.
Limonia (Geranomyia)numenius(Alexander,l9l 3) .

64
15. Limonia (Geranomyia)opulensAlexander, t945.
16. T imonia (Geranomyia)pallidapexAlexander,L945.
17. Limonia (Geranomyia)parilis Alexander, 1,945.
pastazina
Alexander,1944.
18. Limonia (Geranomyia)(Alexander,1916).
plumbeipleura
19. Limonia (Geranomyia)
2Q. Liinonia (Geranomyia)rabula Alexander,1940.
2L. Limonia (Geranomyia)recondita(Alexander,l92L).
22 . Limonia (Geranomyia)refuga Alexander, t944.
2-". Limonia (Geranonrvia)
scolopax(Alexander,1913).
24 . I-imonia (Geranomyia)separata(Alexander,I92l) .
Alexander,1944.
25 . Limonia (Geranomyia)
stenophallus
Alexander,1943.
26 . Limonia (Geranornyia)
subpentheres
27 . Limonia (Geranomyia)
tibialis (Loew, 1851).
tumidibasis
Alexander,1938.
28 . Lirnonia(Geranomyia)
29 . Limonia (Geranomyia)umbricolorAlexander,1937.
xanthoplaca(Alexander,l92l) .
30. Limonia (Geranomyia)
vindictavindictaAlexander,1943.
31. Lirnonia(Geranornyia)
32 . Limonia (Geranomyia)vindicta dilucida subsp. n.
(Symbols.: a, aedeagus;b, basistyle;d, ventraldististyle;g, gonapophysis,s,' sternite;t, tergite).

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