WT
Drtrscto de ta RcoistnChilcnoile fristmia Natwol
ANoxI,r (1937),rp. 218-ZZ7UNDESCRIBEDSPECIESOF SOUTH AI\{ERICANTIPULIDAE (Dnrene), Penr I
BY

CnenI.esP. ALEXANDER
Professorof Entomology,Massachusetts
State College.

The noveltiesdiscussedin this report were collectedin southern Brazil by N{essrs.Fritz Hoffmann and Fritz Plaumann,
and in the Oriente of Ecuador.by Mr. William Clarke - Macintyre. The types of the speciesare preserved in my collection of theseflies through the kindly interest of the entomologistsabove mentioned.
Tipula profu$a, n. sp.

v

Belongs to the ghphyroptera group; antennae short, flagellum bicolorous;mesonotumwith a nearly continuosbrownish
black median vitta; three entire praescutal stripes; femora
obscure yellow, the tips narrowly blackened, pieceded bya narrow yellow subterminalring; wings pale yellow, the iojportion morg intensely so; wing - surface variegated by1^"1-,
light and dark brown and by whitish subhyaline areas; adark area extending from vein & acrossthe ex.tremebasesof

Alexander.-sourlr

AUERIcANTIPITLIDAE

219

cells R and fut; male hypopygium with the caudal margin of
the tergite bearing a median lobe; appendageof eighth sternite simple, about four times as long as wide, truncated at
apex.
Male. Length, about 15 mm.; wing, 19 mm.; antenna,
3.2 mm.
Frontal prolongation'of head brown ; nasus distinct; palpi
black. Antennae relatively short, as shown by the measurements; scape and pedicel yellow; succeedingsegmentsye'
llou'ishbrown, intermediatesegmentsbicoloreus,the basalenlargementblack, the apex obscurechiefly yellow pollinose,thevertex rvith a conspicuosmedian brolvn vitta that is narrorved at either end
I\Iesonotal praescutum yellow, rvith four dark brown strip€s, the central area between the intermediate stripes a little
paler and divided by a capillary darker median vitta; lateral
stripes entire; humeral region hnd lateral borders less distintly darkened,brown; scutum yellowish ErdY,each lobe withtrvo brou'n areas,the anterior end of the more mesal darkened area extending to the suture in front; median area of
scutum darkened; scutellum Sral' rvith a median dark line,
parascutellabrownish black; mediotergitegreY, rvith a capiilary brorvnish black median vitta. Pleura yellowish graY;vaguely marked u,ith brown on the dorsal anepisternumand
extreme cephalicsternopleurite;pleurotergitesomewhatmore
silvery. Halteres rvith stem obscure yellow, the knob darkened. Legs rvith the coxae brou'nish gray; trochanters yellou'; femora obscureyellow, the tips narrorvlyblackened,theamount subequal on all legs, the darkening precededby anarro\/, clearer yellorv, subterminal ring; tibiae yellowish
brown to light brorvn,the tips narrolvly darkened;tarsi brorvnish black. \\Iings with the ground - color pale yellow, theprearcular and costal regionsdeeper yellorv; rving - disk vaiiegated with ligth and dark brown and n'hitish subhyaline
ur*r; the darker brown markings include a common subbasal
spot involving h and the basesof cells R and M; cell Sc u'ith
three additional dark brorvn areas, the last at end of cell;
paler 6ronw areasappearingas extensivecloudsand marblings,
the cells beyond cord almost uniformly darkened or u'ith darker central streaks; a narrow broken pale fascia beyond stiglna; more whitish areasbeforestigma, in baseof cell R2,ocrosscell lsl Mz and at near two - thirds the length of a cell M;
veins dark. Venation: R1.u2entire; cell lst Il[2 small.
Abdominal tergites yellou', blackened sublaterally, the extreme borders narrowly gray; vague indications of a muchless distinct median tergal stripe; subterminalsegmentsmore

220

RDVISTA CHILENA DE HISTORIA NATURAL

extensivelydarkened;hypopygium chiefly pale. Nlale hypopygium of the general structure of the gtaphyropteragroup.
Ninth tergite rvith a conscpicuosIJ - shaped emargination,
at its basebearing a conspicuouslobe, the apex of. lafter truncated but producedmedially into a small acute point; sublaterally the broad tergal lobesare producedinto subacuteblades. Dististyle long and narrow, the inner with a densebrush of erect setae before apex. Basistyle u'ith the mesal
lobe slender,near its base with a pencil of long reddish setae
directed ventrad. Eighth sternite with a single conspicuous
median lobe, this fully four times as long as rvide, clothedwith long setae,the apex truncated; at base, on either sideof the lobe, with very small pale cushions. Gonapoph;.'sesofunusual shape,at near midlength bent at a right angle intoa long slenderstraight rod, at the point of angulation u'ith asmall outer lateral arm or lobule.
Habint.-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
Holotype,male,Nova Teutonia,April 22, rgs6 (Plaumann,).
The presentfly is quite distinct from all previouslydescribed speciesof the group in the wing-pattern,short bicolorous
antennae,and in the tructure of the male hypoplrgium,especially the ninth tergite and eighth sternite
Tipula inaequilobata, sp. n.
Belongsto the parishi group; generalcoloration testaceous
yellow, unmarked; antennae long, in male about one- half
the remainderof body; flagellum bicolorous;knobs of halteres brownish bl'ack; legs yellou', the terminal tarsal segments
brown; wings rvith a faint brorvnishtinge, cell C and tfie prearcular regionbrou'n; cell ,Scmore yellowish:cell R and outerradial field more u,eakly infumed; male hypygium n.ith thecaudal margin of tergite trilobed, the median lobe extended
caudad beyond the others, its apex truucated; lateral lobes
slender,each tipped n'ith about six setae.
l l f a l e . - L e n g t h , a b o u t 1 1 m r n . : n ' i n g , 1 1 . 5m l n . ; a n t e n n a ,about 5..5mm.
Frontal prolongationof head brou'n; nasusdistinct; palpi
brorvn, the terminal segment elongate. Antennae (male)
relatively long, about one half the length of the remainderof body; bicolored, yellou', the basal enlargementsof theflagellar segmentsbeyond the first darkened; vert-icilsshorter than the segments. Head brou'n, narron'ly more grayish
on orbits.

- yellou', rvithout
Mesonotal praescutumobscuretestaceous
evident markings, the interspacesclelimitedonly by seriesof

Alexander.-sourn

AUERIcANTIpULIDAE

22r

microscopicblack setae. Pleura pale yellow. Halteres pale,the knobs brownish black. Legs with the coxaeand trochanters pale yellorv; remainderof legs yellow, the long tarsi passing into brorvn. Wings with a faint bron'n tinge; prearcularregion and cell C brown; cell Sc yellow; stigma short - oval,
brorvn; cell R, except at outer end, and the outer radial field
less evidently infumed; posteriorcord, &t Cu, very narrowly
and insensiblydarkened;veins brown. Vsnation: Sc2ending
about opposite midlength of Rs, the latter gently arcuated;
Rr *z present, with out trichia ; petiole of cell It[ t about one
half the cell; Mr+z short, subeqttalto r - nt,.
Abdominal tergites brorvn, the incisuresof the more basa,
segmentsand a transversering on the secondtergite glabrousand yellow; sternitesyellow; subterminalsegmentsmore uniformly darkened. t4ale hypopygium s'ith the tergite trilobed, the lobes very unequal; median one broader, projecting
beyond the level of the slenderlateral lobules,the apex truncated or nearly so and provided with numeroussetae; lateral lobuleseachu'ith about six or sevensetae. From the posterior portion of the basistylejuts a yellow pointed appedandage, its outer portion with numerousappresedsetae. Dis'
tistyle single,profoundly bifid, the base with a group of longerect setae. Eighth sternite rvith caudalmargin broadly rounded to subtruncate,rvith dense setae, sparseor lacking the
midline.
Habitat-Ecuador (Oriente).
Holotype, male, Jatun Yagu, Napo \\ratershed, altitude
2275 feet, January 1937(Macintyre).
amoenicornisAlexander, T. parishi AleRelated to Tipila-smith,iAlexander, differing from all in thexander and T.
pattern of the rvingsand in the structure of the male hypopygium.

Limonia (Rhipidia) laetitarsis, sp. ll.
Belongs to the uniseriata group; antennae with 11 branched reghents, the branchesexceedingthe segmentsin length;mesonoial praescutum obscure yellow, with a conspicuous
medianbrown stripe; thoracicpleura yellow, u'ith two approximated brown longitudinal stripes; knobs of halteresblackened; tibiae and tarsi chiefly pale, posteriortarsi rvith segments
two to four clear light yellow, the terminal segmentabruptly
dark brown; wingJ whitish subhyaline heavily patternedwith brown, including five major costal areas; male hypopygium with the rostral spinesshort, straight, placed on basal
half of rostral prolongation.

222

REVISTACHILENA DE HISTORIANATURAL

MaIe.-- Length, about 5 mm.; rving, 5.5 mm.; antenna,
about 1.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black, the terminal
segment a trifle paler; formula 2+t1 + 1; flagellar segments
one to eleven, inclusive,each rvith a single branch that exceedsthe segmentin length, the longest (on the intermediatesegments) about one - half longer than the segment itself ;terminal segmentnearly twice as long as the penultimate.
Head gray; anterior vertex narro\\'.
Mesonotal praescutumobscureyellou', with a conspicuous
median bron'n stripe that is narrou'ly bordered by slightly
darker brorvn,this color most evident on the anterior half; noevident later-alpraescutalstripes; scutum yellow, each lobe
with a conspicuousdark brown area, convergingbehind, virtually confluent on the scutellum; mediotergitedark brown,
the lateral portions brightened. Pleura yellou', variegatedrvith dark brorvn on propleura: mesopleurau'ith trvo approximated dark brou'n longitudinal stripes, one extending frombehind the fore coxae to bevond the pteropleurite;the more
ventral stripe occupiesthe dorsal sternopleuriteand meron.
Halteres infuscated,the knobs blackened. Legs with the fore
coxae darkened, the remaining coxae and all trochanters yellow; fore femora chiefly dark brorvn,the basenarrowly brightened; middle and hind femora obscure brownish yellow, thetips narrou'ly darkened; tibiae and tarsi brownish yellow,
posteriortarsi u'ith segmentstwo to four, inclusive,clear lightyellorv,much brighter than on other legs: terminal segment
abruptly dark bron-n. \\Iings n'ith the ground - color whitish subhyaline, chiefly obscuredby extensive brown clouds,
five in the costal region someu'hatmore intense; costal darkened areas much more extensive than the in terspaces; remainder of disk before cord almost uniformly suffused withbrou'n, unterrupteclb)' ground areas at the axilla, outer endof cell lst A adjoinine'r'ein2nd A, a semicircularareasurrounding the dark spot at fork of Sr,' u-ing- tip and outer radial
field chiefly whitened; veins brou,n,pale in the ground areas.
Venation: Sct ending about opposite turo- thirds Rs, Scg
at its tip; nt-celclose to fork of AI.
Abdomen dark brorvn, the sternites and subterminal segnrent pale. \{ale h}'popygium rvith the cauda! margin of tergite nearly transverse. Ventral dististyle small, the rostralprolongationrelatively short and stout, with two short straightspinesinsertedon face of basal half; spinessubequalin length,
placed rather close together on small low tubercles. Gonapophysesrvith mesal- apical lobesrelatively narrorv,darkened,
at apex abruptly narrowedinto cylindrical points.

Alexander,.-sourn AMERIcANTIruLIDAE

223

Habitat.- Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).
Holofpe, male, Nova Teutonia,November28, 1935(Plaumann).
Readily told from allied speciesof the uniseriatagroup, as.Limon'ia (Rhi,pid,ia)mystica Alexander (Colombia) and L.
(R.) pallatangaeAlexander(Ecuador),b)' the 11 branchedantennal flagellum,brightenedposterior tarsi anrl in slight details of structure of the male hypopygium.
subsp.n.
Limonia (Rhipidia) flabelliformis breztifi,/o,Male.- Lenghth, about 7.5 mm.; u'ing, 7 mm.; antenna,
about 3.3 mm.
Alexancler(Panam6)and the
Close to typical flabel.li.fornds
subspecies
flabelliformisbrachynenrcAlexander (southern Brazil), differing especiallyin the length of the flagellarbranches
and the nature of the trichiation of the u'ing - veins.
Wing - trichia longer and coarserthan in the other subspecies, especiallyon the longitudinal veins beyond cord rvhere
they are nearly if not quite half as long as the u'idth of cells
Rr or ?nd Mz.
Flagellar branchesrelatively short, the longest (at ahout
midlengthof the organ)a little lessthan thiee times the lengthof the segment; terminal segment not exceedingtwice thelength of the apical pedicel of the penultimate segment,inthe typical form very long, nearly four times this length. Darkn'ing markigs more restricted,smaller than the subcostalinterspaces. Femoral tips narrorvly but conspicuoslyinfuscated.
Habitat - Ecuador (Oriente).
Holotypq, male, Yunguilla, altitude 5850 feet, November
t9, 1936 (tr[acintyre).
Limnophila

hoffmanniana,

sp. nGeneral coloration yellowishgray, the mesonotumu'ith asetinearly continuousmedian brown vitta and conspicuous
gerouspunctures;femorayellow, the tips narrorvlyblackened;wings pale yellow,spottedand dotted with dark brou'n,including major areasat origin of Rs, stigma and atrterior cord;sternitesu'ith a brosparsesmallerdots in all cells;abdominal
ken median brorvn vitta and conspicuoussetigerouspunctures.
F e m a l e . - L e n g t ha,b o u t 1 3 - 1 6 m m . ; r v i n g ,1 1 - 1 3 m m .
Rostrum brownishgray; palpi dark brou'n. Antennaeu'ith
scape and pedicel brorvnishblack, sparselypruinose; flage'llum with basalsegmentsbicolorus,the proximal portion dark

224

REVISTA CHILENA DE HISTORIA NATURAL

brown, the remainderyellow; outer segmentsuniformly
darke'ed. Head gray, prolonged behindj setigerous punctures
relativelv inconspicuous.
Pronotum massive, yellowish gray, with a capillarydarkline and inconspicuousietirgerour punctures. A{esonotalpraescutum yellor,vishgray, the median dark stripe relatively
well - defined, especially as a capillary on cephalic halfofsclerite,subtendedon either side by a-paler bio*", moreorless interrupted shading, this lattei color becoming paleronposterior portion of sclerite; lateral stripes scarc"ty'in?i;;0*i;
setigerou-s
p"ctures of interspacelarge-anclvery conspicuosli
darke'ed ; no tuberculate pilr; pr"iraosuturaf fo'eae large
subcircular,pale brorvn in coloi; posteriorscleritesof notum
yellorvishgray, each scutal lobe wiih a semicirculardark-";;;;
a-nearly co'tinuous medianbrorvn line; caudal margin of*.diotergite rvith a v - shaped darkening. Fr"uiu iarieg;ted
brorvnishblack and obscuie yelrow, thJdark color appearing
as more or less distinct longitudinal stripes apd lessiirtirrcTdark dashesin the pale areas. Halteres u,ith stem obscureyellorv, knob dark brorvn.
-Legs with the .o*u. trayish yellow pollinose;trochantersopscure
fellou,; f"*oi" y-ellow,*itt
relatively narrorv,.nearlyapical blatk rings, itrr.* sub"qu"ron
all leg;sand includingthe distaleighth to tenth of the segmenr;
tibiae yellon', the tips narro*'ly darke'ed; tarsi yellJw,
th;outer jsegments
brol'nish black. \vings *,ith the ground- color.paleyellow,spotted and dotted rviti cJarkbroro'i,inctuding
major areasat origin of Rs ancl incluclingstigm" "nd anterior
cord; a smaller quadrate area at near on" - fourth the lenjthof cell R; cells.gf ying with relatively sparse,smaller
brorvndots; r'eins vellou'ish brown, darkei i.t- the .roua"a areas.
Venatiotr:R2+.3+4very short, cell R3 thus sulr*essileor ";;tshort petiolate; cell lsr lt, short - iectangular, with m-cu
at near one - third to one- fourth the lengE;arrteriorarculus
preserved.
Abdominal tergitesdark brou-n, lateralll, paler and withbrown setigerouspunc'tures;sternites obscure'yuiroru,rvithaseriesof median bron,n spots to form an inteiupted medianvitta, rvith additional abundant brorvn setigerou^spunctures.
Hab,itat.--Brazil (Santa Catharina).
Holotype, female, Neu Bremen, ilio Laeiss,October 17,
1?36. (Hoffnrann). Paratopotypes,z females,'october lTNovembrer 7. 1936,
Lirnnophila hoffmanniana is named in honor of the collector, N{r. Fritz Hoffmann. It is closelyrelated to L. schad.ei
Alexander (Paraguay), rvhich differs most evidently inthesmaller sixe and very abundantly spotted and dotted wings.

Alexander.-sourn

AIIERIcANTtPULTDAE. 225

The exact affinites of this species,and the one next describedas L. puUipes,sP. n., remains sometvhatin question, sincehave been taken. The possibility is not
no male sp-ecimens
excluded that the presentfly may be found to belong more
properly in Pseudolimnophilaor even in Paralimnophila.
Limnophila

pullipes' sP. ll.

General colorationbrown, heavily yellow pollinose; antennaq short, basal flagellarsegmentspale; mesonotalpraescutum
witL an entire capillary black median vitta and conspicugus
setigerouspunctures; legs black; wipgs rvhitish subhyalineabundantly spotted and dotted with dark brorvn; Rr+z about
twice R r+s+l; cell lsl htz long - rectangular,with nl'-cu atfrom one third to one - fourth the length.
Female.Length, about 13 - 14 mm.; rving, 10 - 11 mm'
Rostrum blaik, sparsel5'pollinose;palpi black. Antennae
short, if bent backward exlendingabout to posterior end of
the pronotum; scape and pedicel black; flagellum obscureyelloi, the outer segmentspassinginto brorvn; basal flageilar segmentssubglobularto short - oyal, the outer segments
slendei cylindricil, with long conspicuousverticils. [Ieadyellowish EraY,with a capillary dark bros'n median and numerous black setigerouspunctures.
Pronotum ,ourrin-",yellou'ishbrorvn, with a capillary d?tker vitta. Nlesonotu[ptuescutum u'ith the ground color
brown, heavily yellorvpollitto.e;praescutumrvith poorly defined strip€s,thesebetter indicatedby darker cephalicends,theposterior portions poorly differentiatedfrom the ground; acompleteiapillary medianyitta, at near midlength of the plaescutum and oppositethe cephalicends of the lateral stripe*ittt paired datk spot to form a broken transversegirde;
interspacervith conspicuous,dark brorvn, setigerouspunctures; josterior scleritesof mesonotumyellorvish bror,r'n,u'ithdarkt .r"u. or1 posterior- lateral portions of mediotergite.
Pleura variegateclbrownish gray and more yellowish gray, thelater occupyittg the dorsal sternopleurite;dorsopleura membrane chiefiy fiale. Halteres yellow. 1,e8! rvith coxae pruinose; remaindir of legs entirely black. Wings rvith the restricted ground - color *ttiti.tt subhyaline,with tu'o major dark
brorvn areas,the first at origin of Rs and stigma, the secondin outer radial field, enclosinga tiny ground spot in outerend of cell R2i remainder of membraneu'ith t'efY numerous'
chiefly transierse, brorvn dots and spots, involving all thecells somewhat larger at origin of Rs, base of cell R, end ofvein Znd.A and at midlength of cell |ncl; over most of the226

REVISTA CHILENA DE EISTORIA NATURAL

wing the dark spots are subequal in area to the ground - pattern; veins dark, pale in the ground areas. Venation: Scr
ending be-vondfork of R z+s++, Sc, at its tip; Rs elongate;
Rz+sia subequalto or slightlv longer than the basal sectionof Ro; Rr12 about tn'ice Rz+s+.1 cell lst N'[2long-rectangularwithanterior arculus preserved.
Abdorninal tergites dark bron n, sparsell'pruinose;sternites
paler yellou'ish brorvn. Ovipositor u'ith the elongate valves
black, the tips of the cerci horn - )'ellou'.
I-Iabitut. Rrazil (Santa Catharina).
Holotype, female, Neu Brernen,Rio Laeiss,\Iay 15, 1936
(Hoffmann). Paratopotl'pes, 3 females, October I 1 - Nov e m b e r1 , 1 9 3 6 .
Limnophi,la pullipes is ver)/ clistinct from all other generally similar speciesthat have abundantllr clotted rvings, thetrniforrnly lllackenedlegs proviciing a strong character. The
head is not as c:ortspicuosly
narrou'eclarrrdprolongedbehind
as in sonlespeciesanclthe affinitiesseemto lle closerto Limnophila s. s. than to r-:ertainother groupsof the I-imnophilini.

Erioptera (Ernpeda)longisquama, sp. o.
General coloration bron'n; rostrunr li.{,lht I'ellou'; antennae
black througirout;scutelluma trifle briehtened; knobs of halteres infuscated; legs b:'ou,rr,the tarsi passing in to black ;femora r,r'ithnurnerouslong slenderscales;'*'ings almost uniformly tinged rvith !{ray, ..r'ithout stiq-ma; Scr ending about
oppositetn,o - fifths the lenqth of Rs; male h)'popygiumu'ith
the outer dististl'le trilobecl;inner clististyle broad.
l,[ale.- Length, about 3 nlm.; u'irrg, 3.4 nlm.
Rostrum light yellorv; palpi brou'nishblack. Antennae relatively short, if bent backs.ardnot attaining the wing - root,
black throughoul; basalflaeellarse.qments
short and crowded.
Head brown.
Pronotum dark brou'n. Anterior lat'eral pretergites restrictedly pale yellou'. I{esonotum uniformly brorvn, the scutellum a little brighter, the mediotergitesparsely pruinose.
Pleura testaceousbrou'n. Halteres rvith the knobs infuscated, the base of stem restrictedly brightened. Legs u'ith thecoxae and trochanters pale; remainder of legs hrown, the tarsi passinginto black; legs, especiallythe femora, with abundant elongate scales,additional to the normal longer setae,
thesescalesfully sevenor eight times as-long as rvide. Wings
almost uniformly tinged u'ith gray; stigma lacking; veinsbrown. Venation: ,Scmoderatelylong, Scrending about oppo-

Alexander.-souTE

AMERIcAN TIPULIDAE

227

site trvo - fifths the length of Rs, Scesome distance from its
tip; Rr+r+r a little longer than,R2;branchesof Rsaa nearlt
parallelto one another..
Abdominal tergites dark brown; sternites and hypopygium
more yellowish. Male hypopygium with the outer dististyletrilobed, the outer blade strongly curved. Inner dististylemuch broader than in other similar regional species.
Ifabitot.- Brazi| (Santa Catharina)
Holotype, male, Neu Bremen, Rio Laeiss, November 2,(1936 (Hoffmann).
The most similar regional speciesis ^Erioptera (Ernpeda)bo'
Ifuiana Alexander, of Bolivia, which has somervhatsimilarelongatescaleson the legs, differing conspicuoslyin the short
Sc "na especiallyin the very different structure of the malehypopygium. The presenceof scaleson the legs in speciesof
Empeda-is much more common than had formerly been lppreciafed, although knorvn for some time in numerous oriental
and eastern Pilaearctic membrersof the group.

Jt.f 'o'tl'r.ft o"oo-oot tf'o

'.J'r
f 'of

. a