{lJouxulr

RePrintcd Jrom Lheor rHtr Nt$' YoRK ENToMoloctclr, Socnry
Vol. IXXXI,
Ifarch, 197.i, No. I
pp.39
XIade in Linitcd StatesoJ America

Undescribed Species of Crane Flies from the Hirnalaya(Diptera: Tipulidae)o XXI1,2

Mountains

Crranr,rs P. Ar,oxaNorn
Rrcervnn lon Punlrcerrow Ocrosrn 70. 1972
Abstract:
Six new specics ol crane flies are described, two from thc wcstcrn Himalayas,
Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) pugilis, and Limnophila (Brachylimnophila) garhwalensis,
from Kumaon; four from thc eastern llimalayas, Kameng, Assam, Dolichopeza (Sinoropeza)fasciventris,
Orimarga (Orimarga) suspensa, HexaLoma (Eriocera) paragnava,andH. (8.) perhirsuta.
Dolithopeza (Sinoropeza) fasciventris, n.sp.
General coloration of thoracic dorsum polished ferruginous, pleura brownish yellow;
antennae l3-segmented, about onc-third as long as wing, terminal segment microscopic,
flagellar segments slightly sinuous, rvith sctae on outer face at base; wings strongly darkened,
stigma darker brown; basal section of vein l'14"lacking, the posterior branch of ,41 appearing
branched, as in the subgenus; abdomen black, bases of intermediate five segments conspicuously yellow; male hypopygium rvith posterior bordcr of tergite trilobed, with two morebasal lobes on disk; outer dististyle erpanded outwardly, thc latcral angle more produced,
inner style large and complex, with tr'vo enlargcd flattcned lateral lobes, the cephalic one
conspicuously hairy, at apex narrou'ed into a needlelike spine.
Male: Length about 9 mm.; wing 11 mm.; antenna about 4.1 mm. Frontal prolongationof head yellow, palpi dark brown. Antennae 13-segmented,of moderate length, nearly onehalf the body or slightly excecding one-third the length of u'ing; scape and pedicel yellow,
first flagcllar segment brownish yellor,r',outer third darker, remaining segments black; firstflagellar segment long-cylindrical, about tlr'ice the second, succeeding segments progressively
shorter, the terminal one microscopic; each flagellar segmcnt after the first slightly sinuous
beyond its base, this with setae on upper sidc only; Dolichopeza (Sinoropeza) postica has
twelve or in cases thirteen antennal scgments, the terminal one microscopic, all segments
cylindrical throughout, the sctae very small and not restricted to base, tcrminal segment
elongate, about two-thirds the penultimatc. Head brownish ycllow, orbits darker; sides ofanterior vertex with a concentration of longcr setae.
Pronotum brownish yellow. Mcsonotal praescutum with threc polished ferruginous stripes,
interspaces slightly differentiatcd, sidcs uniformly mcdium brorvn, with dense virtuallycontiguous microscopic pits; posterior scleritcs brownish yellow. Pleura brownish yellow,
dorsopleural membrane brown. Halteres with stem yellowish brown, clearer basally, knob
dark brown. Legs with coxae brownish yellow, trochanters yellow; remainder of legs lightbrown, tips of femora narrowly darker. Wings (Fig. 1) strongly darkcned, prearcular andcostal fields slightly more 1'ellowed; stigma dark brown, prcceded and followed by small
pale yellow brightenings; veins bcfore cord brownish yellovr', darkcr brown bcyond cord.
Sparse microscopic trichia in outer end of cell R", with fewer in Rs. Venation: Sc: entering
1 Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory, Universitir of Masslchusetts,
Amherst,Mass.
2 Part XX of this series of papers was published in the
Journal of the New York Entomological Society, B0: 7-11, March 1972.
Nnw Yonx Erroinor,ocrcer, SocrEry, LXXXI:

3-9. March, 1973.

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nt rv i th ,Il .; otl l c l ' n)t' (l i i l l/l ol rposi tr fork of R s ; R r,: c nti rc l l ' l )al c , c rc c t, nc arl v i n rrl i gnnre
l rr:Lnchtsas i n thc s ubgc nus ,bas al s c c ti on oLl /* l ac k i ng, pos tc ri or br:Lnc h of ,rl 1 l rppc l tri ng
branched; m-cu about two-thirds its length bcforc fork of ,\y'.
Abdomen u'ith basal tergit,: brou'n. rcmaining segments black, the bases of third throughseventh segments conspicuousi)' 1'rllot'. lIale hypopygium (Fig. 7) with posterior bordcr
of tergite, l, trilobed, central lobc shortcr, glabrous, apex rounded, lateral lobes nearly twice
as long, narrowed outwardl)', tilrs blunt, inner margin with a row of long black setae; diskof tergite laterally rvith a conspicuous lobe with long black setae. Outer dististyle, d., relatir-ely small, expanded outrr':rrdl1', outer angle slightly more produced; inner style large,
complex in structurc, s'ith thrcc principal lobes, the axial one narrowed into a straight
slender rod, latcralll' prorluccd into trvo broad flattened lobes, the outer onc darkened,
ncarly glabrous, aprx broadl)' obtuse, cephalic lobe densely setiferous, the apex narvowed
into a needlelike spinc.
rror-orrrpE: d, Chug, Northeast Fronticr Agency, Kameng, Assam, India, 6,800-7,300 feet,
Jul y 30, 19 61 (Fc rnand S c hmi d).
The only othcr rcgional member of the subgenv is Dolicholeza (Si'noroLezd) Postica
Brunetti, oi thc castern Himalayas, u'hich differs in thc longer simple antennae, apparently
u'ith onl)' tn'clvc scgments, with thc vestiture small and reduced, and with the abdomen
uniformll'blackcned. I possessa paratype male of this species but the abdomen is lacking.
Brunctti's dcscription of the malc hl.popygium indicates that it is quite distinct from thatof the prcscnt fl1'. The two Chinese members of the subgenus arc entirely distinct, thcse
being D. (5.) multiseta Alexandcr, of Fukien, and D. (S.) pattcisetosaAlexander, of Kiangsi.
Edrvalds (Rec. Indian trIus., 26:
3O4; 7924) mentions a specimen of postica from theBrunctti scrics but not type material that has the male antennae longer and apparently represents a still further species.
Orimarga (Orimarga) suspensa, n.sp.
Gcneral coloration light gray, thc thorax stightly patterned with light brorvn; legs medium
brorvn; wings whitencd, unpatterned, vcins light brown. trichia of outer medial veins sparse,
vcin -M,,*,about one-third longer than M.,; male hypopygium rvith outer dististyle narrowed
into a long slender blackened spine; gonapophysis bifurcate, outer arm at apex bearing asemicircular structure, its outer cnd a strong curved spine.

\A

tr\

trIale: Length about 7 mm. I rving 6-6.2 mm.; antenna about 1.5 rnm.
Fcmal e: Length about 7-7.5 mm.; ti ng 7-7.5 mm.

Fl, r0Frcs. 1-6, venationl 7-10, male hypopygium.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc .
Frc.
Frc.

l.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Dolichopeza (Sinoropeza) Jasciztentris,nsp.
Orimarga (Orimarga) susrensa,n.sp.
Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) pugilis, n.sp.
Lirnnophila (Brachylimnophila) garhwalensis,n.sp.
H e x a t o m a ( E r i o ce r a ) Pa r a g n a u a ,n .sp .
Ilexatoma (Eriocera) perhirsuta, n.sp.
Dolichopeza (Sinoropeza) lasciventris, n.sp.

Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennac black; flagellar segments long-oval, their ends
truncate, terminal segment short-oval. Head light gray.
Thorax light gray, praescutum rvith four slightly darker brownish gray stripes, the intermcdiate pair narrowly and vaguely separated; centers of scutal lobes less evidently darkened.
Pleura light gray, sternopleurite variegated by darker gray, more extensive ventrally. Haltereswhitened. Lcgs with fore coxae light brown, remaining pairs and all trochanters yellow;
remainder of legs medium brown. Wings (Fig. 2) whitened, unpatterned, prearcular andFrc. 8. Orimarga (Orimarga) susfensa,n.sp.
Frc. 9. Paradelphomyia (Oxyrhiza) pugilis,n.sp.
Frc. 10. Limn oPhila ( Br achylimno phila) garhwalensis,n.sp.
(H ypopy gi al s y mbol s : b, bas i s ty l e; d, di s ti s ty tes ; g, gonapophy s i s ; y ' , phal l os ome;1)1,
ventral fork).

\ or.. l ,\\.\1 ,(os lill li ( ' l ( l s s l i g l r t l l n r o rer cir r . lir lltt lr to ttt) , tr'l l orr rrr tl r, l ,ri gl rl l rrl rl l i r'l rl s.
- r t' llttu cr l;l l rrt't', i n rrrsl slV llc rot r i c h i a o I o u t c r m c d ia l vcin s tclr lir t' lt sl) 1 Ir sc,J1 r \\' i tl l ()rl \ trr,,rlrrc k ing . \ - e n a t i o n : R ' - , a b o u t o n c a n d o n c- h a lf to tr vicc Rs*,'; rl /.,.1:rl )('ut on(.-tl )i rrl l ,rrr!i cr
t lr; rrr, 1.1 r ;m - c u , n t a ( l y o p po sitc to sh o r tly b e yo n d th e o r ig in oi R .\.
A l; dom e n d a r k b r o u ' n . M a le h yp o p l' g iu m ( F ig . 8 ) r vith both di sti sl l k.s, r/, cl ongrrl r.
()ut c r s ty l e v c r ) ' g r a d u a lly n a r r o we d in to a sle n d e r b la ckened spi nc. I'hal l osomc ui tl r
,tonapophyses, g, distinctive, bifurcatcd at near midlcngth, the inner arm a broad flattt n, rl
lrl: rdc ,o u t e r a r m s l e n d e r , a t a p e x' lvith a su sp cn d cd ccn tr a l semi ci rcul ar chi ti ni zed strucl rr(.,
ils outer end narrowed into a strong curved spine, thc opposite end with apex obtus( orI runc at e d .

A mong t he regi onal s pc c i es the pres c nt fl )' mos t rt' s t' mbk ' s l ' ,tr,ri rl phonl * i a l Oty rhi z a)angusti sty l a A l c x ander, P . (O.) bi gl adi a A l ex ander, P . (O.) di x l i i ' r' ttrrA l c x andc r, P . (O.)
Jl at,rscens(B runetti ), and P . (O.) rul i c ol or A l ex andc r, di ffc ri rrg Ir' i rl entl y i n hy popy gi :rl
sl rucl u rc.
Lim n op hila ( B r ach y limn o! hil a) g arhw aletrsi s. tt .s1r.

I

nor. orrr p r : d , C h u g , N or th ca st F r o n tie r Ag cn cy, Ka m e n g , A ssam, Indi a,6,800-7,300 l l t,t ,I ',. ful1' 30, 1 9 6 1 ( F e r n a n d S c h m id ) . Allo to p o tl' p e , Q, p in n r d wi th t)'pe. P aratopoytpcs: -i
The most similar regional specics are Orimarga (Orintarga) subbasalis Alexander arrrl (t(O.) tenuistyla Alexander, both from Assam. The hypopygium, cspecially the gonapophlsr'',still is unknown but llrr.
itre quite different in the two species. The male sex of serDba.solis
rhtails of venation and vein trichiation provide distinctive charactcrs for the separation ol
thc flies.

l :r'rnrh . L ength about 8-8.5 mm.; w i ng 8-9 mm.
I{estrum and palpi black. Antennae with scape and pedicel yellorvt'd, flagellum slightll'
rlrrrlit'r;proximal flagellar segmentslarge, especially the first, progressivcl]'smaller outwardll',
outrr scgments long-cylindrical, somewhat shortcr than their longest vcrticils. Head brownish
grrrl ; rrnteri orv ertex broad.
I'ronotal scutum light brownish gray, scutellum and pretergitcs )'cllowcd. Mesonotal
pr:rescutum light brownish gray, with four verf indistinct light brorvn stripes, tuberculate
lrits blackened, darker than the pseudosutural foveae; posterior sclerites of notum morc
Icllorved. Pleura chiefly yellowed, ventrally clearer yellorv to more reddencd. Halteres lightycllow. Legs with coxae and trochanters light yellow, remainder of lcgs slightly darker
l ellow, outer tarsal segments infuscated to blackened. Wings (Fig. 4) faintly brownish
ycllow, prearcular and costal fields clearer yeilow, including the veins; stigma small, pale

Pa r a d e lp h o m yia ( Or yr h iza ) p u g ilis, n.sp.

Male: L e n g t h a b o u t 5 - 6 m m .; win g 5 - 6 .5 m m .; a n tcn n a a bout 1.0-1.2 mm.
Female: L e n g t h a b o u t . 5 .5m m .; r vin g a b o u t 6 m m .

lrrown, inconspicuous; veins pale brown. Longitudinal veins beyond general level of originof Rs with Iong trichia. Venation: Sc' ending shortly beyond fork of Rr*',,r. Sr, alone longer
than the gently arcuated r-m; R'*" about three times R:; cell Mt variable in size, usually

Rostrum dark brorvn, palpi black. Antennae dlrk brown to brownish black; flagcll:rr
s3gments elongate, subcqual to or slightly shorter than their verticils. Head gray.
Thorax almost uniformly polished orange. Halteres with stem rvhitcncd, knob mort
1'ellowed. Legs il'ith coxae and trochanters yellow; remainder of legs obscure yellow, outertarsal segmcnts light brorvn, claws long and slender, gently curved. Wings (FiS.3) faintll
brownish yellow, stigma very faintly darker, entirely distad of vein R:; veins light brown.
Sparsetrichia in outer ends of cells R, to 1st.4; on ,,'einsbeyond general lcvcl of origin of Rs,

tion, appcaring clavate, basal half slender, outer cnd more expanded to appcar mitten-shaped,
r,vider across base; vcntral fork, zrl, of aedeagus present in holotl,-pe, apparently lacking in
the tu'o paraty'pes studied, the fork including t'wo slendcr gently divergent spincs.
rror. oryp E : 6 , D r v a l i , A lm o r a , In d ia , 8 ,4 1 0 fe e t, Se p te m b er 12, 1958 (S chmi d). A l l otype:9, Khati , A l m o r a , 7 , 7 0 0 -8 ,0 0 0fe e t, Se p te m b e r1 0 , 1 9 5 8 . Pa r atypes: 6 A 9, w i th the al l otype,
Sept em b c r 1 0 - 1 1 , 1 9 5 8 ; o n e $ , Ra ta , Alm o r a , 1 1 ,0 0 0fe e t, September 14, 1958 (al l S chmi d).

l\,lcsorrotumbrownish gray, praescutum with four very indistinct li(ht. lrrown stripes, pleurl
vellos; haltcrcs light yellow; wings faintly brownish yellorv. prt:trcttLtr and costal fields
cle:rrcr' 1'ellow, stigma small, palc brown, cell Mt variable in sizc, :tpprosimately one-haliits 1x'tiolc; abdominal tergites brorvn, stcrnites more yellowed, eslx'ciirlll in femalel malc
hr'popvgium with outer dististyle slcnder, bifid near apex, inncr gonalrophyses very narro\\'.
.l 1rrl r': Lcn gth about 5-5.5 mm. I w i ng 7-7.5 mm.; antenna about 1.2 1...|mm.

General coloration of thorax polished orange, head gray; legs obscure yellow; t'ing'
lrrownish yellow, stigrna very slightly paler;male hypopygium with outer dististyle terminating
in t hrec s p i n c s l g o n a p o p hyse scla r a te , b a sa l h a lf n a r r o we d , o uter hal f mi tten-shaped; ventrrrl
fork with spincs variable, in cases apparently lacking.

including nearly the outer two-thirds of both anal veins. Venation: Rz+r+rvarying in lengthfrom shorter than R"*, to nearly twice this length; cell Mt about one-third its petiole; m-cu
lcssthan its own length beyond fork of M.
Abdominal tergites brou'nish ycllow, stcrnites palcr, in male segments seven and eightdarker brown to form a ring. Male hypopygium (Fig. 9) with apex of basistyle, b, produccd into a microscopic point. Outer dististylc, d, expanded outwardly, terminating inthree spines, thc outer two approximated, lower spine more separatedr in the paratypes theintervcnir.rgmargin u'ith three or four small points, lacking in the holotype; inner style withbasal half stout, outcr cnd narrowed, apcx roundcd. Gonapophysis, g, of distinctive conforma-

N l ,\rt(u, l (r7.i

small, about one-half its petiole or less, in cases larger.
Abdominal tergites brown, sternites ycllowish brown in male, clear yellorv in females.
Ovipositor with cerci very long, onll' slightly upcurved. Male hypopygium (Fig. 10) withouter dististylc, d, slender, gently curved to the acute tip, lvith a smaller subapical spine onouter margin. Phallosomc with gonapophyses, g, very slender, lateral apophyses (or interbases) paddle-shaped.

I
rlr{or.orrrpE: $, Dakwani, Pauri Garhwal, Kumaon, India, 9,300-11,000 feet, August 5,
1958 (Fcrnand S c hmi d). A l l otopoty pe: 9, w i th ty pe. P aratopoty pe: 1 $. P araty pes :2 I ?, on one pin, Kulara, Pauri Garhwal, 12,000 fect, August 3, 1958
The most similar members of the subgenus inclld,e Limnophila (Brachylimnophila)
nenxoralis (Meigen) and L. (8.) adjuncta (Walker), Western Palaearctic; L. (8.) inaequalis
Alexander and Z. (-8.) nesonemoralis Alexander, Eastern Palaearctic, and Z. (8.) occidens
Alexander, Western Nearctic, all differing among themselves in details of coloration of thebody, legs and halteres, in venational details, and in hypopygial structure, especially the outerdististylcs and gonapophyses.
H eratoma (.Eriocera) paragnava, n.sp.
Size large (wing 15 mm.) ; antennae of male very long, approximately three times the wing,
flagellar segments with very sparse small spinoid setae; halteres light yellow; wings whitened,prearcular and costal fields yellowed, including the veins, remaining veins dark brown to

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brorv n i s h b l a c k ; c e l l l s l M :Io n g ,,4 1 ,,- , a lr o u t o n c- h :r lI lo ngcr than,{1r; abdomi nal tcrgi tes
brorvnish gray, lateral margins yellorved, stcrnites 1'ellolvish orangc.
MaIe:

Length about 11 mm.; .lving 15 mm.; antcnna about ;17 mm.

Front and mouthparts very reduced, brorvn, palpi black. Antennae of male \-er). longr
approximately three times the rving; proximal segments brou'nish yellow, remainder black;scape much enlarged, flagellar segments very long, with dense erect white setae and vcry
sparse black spinoid setae, on first segment these shorter than the normal setae, on second
and third segments longer and more erect, microscopic on outer segment. Head light gray,vertical tubercle more brownish gray, very large, bulbous, on posterior aspect with longsetae.
Pronotum brownish yellorv. Nlesonotal praescutum light gray with four darker stripes,
intermediate pair nearly confluent, lateral stripes darker, vestiture long and conspicuous on
sidcs, shorter on disk, occurring on both the stripes and the interspaces; scutal lobes moredarkened, vestiture sparse to lacking; scutellum gray, with sparse paler setae; postnotum
more brownish gray, more ycllorv laterally, without vestiture. Pleura pale yellowish brorvn,
vaguely patterned with darker, ventrally light gray pruinose. I{alteres small, light yellow.
Legs with coxae yellowed, vestiture short and sparse; trochanters obscure yellowl fcmora
yellow, tips narrowly blackened; tibiae and tarsi brownish yellow, terminal segment darker.
Wings (Fig.5) whitened, prearcular and costal ficlds yellowed, including the veins; stigma
small, pale brown; narrow inconspicuous pale brorvn seams over cord and certain longitudinalveins, most evident on R,*; and Cz in cell M; veins of disk dark brown to brownish black,conspicuous. Veins behind costa nearly glabrous, with sparse scattered trichia on rtr anddistal section of R;. Venation: Rr*s and Rs short, subequal; Rs long, excecding the anterior
branch of Rs; cell M. lacking; cell Ist M" long, Mu about one-half longer than M,; distal
section of Cut nearly in transvt'rse alignment with cord, cell Mr at margin very extensivc.
Abdominal tergites brownish gray, posterior bordcrs narrowly darker, lateral margins ofintermediate segments more yellowedl stcrnites yellowish orange, hypopygium dark brorvn.
r{or-orlrpE: 6, Chug, Northeast Frontier Agency, Kameng, Assam, India, 6,800-7,300 feet,J uly 30 , 1 9 6 1 ( F e r n a n d S ch m id ) .
The most similar regional specics include Hexatonxa (Eriocera) gnaxa Alexander and
H. (E.) neognata Alexander, which differ from the present fly in their smaller size, vestiture,and in details of coloration of the body and wings.
H eratoma (Eriocera) perhirsuta,

n.sp.

Belongs to the spinosa group; slze large (u'ing about 19 mm.); general coloration of head
and thorax light brown, these with abundant very long and conspicuous erect brownish
yellow setae; wings pale yellowish brown, veins yellowed, appearing inconspicuous against
the ground, cell M. present; abdominal tergites and pleural mcmbrane dark brown, sternites
m ore or a n g e ,t h e c o l o r c l e a r e stm id ve n tr a lly.
MaIe'. Length about 16 mm.; wing 19 mm.; antenna about 46 mm.
Rostrum very short, brownish yellow; palpi obscure yellow, tcrminal segment blackened.
Antennae of male very long, exceeding twice the length of wing, dark brown, the enlarged
scape slightly paler; flagellar segments very long, all with scattered small stout setae, moredelicate on outer segment. Head light brotvn, with abundant very long brorvnish yellow
s et ae,\ 'e r t i c a l t u b e r c l e c o nsp icu o u s.
Mesonotum chiefly light brown, lateral praescutal borders broadly paler, posterior sclerites
more whitened. Thoracic dorsum excepting the postnotum rvith very long erect brownish

rr.l l ,n l o 1r;tL.l rr< l rv srrc tac , \' -s hal rc d s uture dark broun. Itl eur:t brou' ni s l t y c l l orr l trttt' ti otl r' ,rl orsl l stc rnopl euri tc and pos tc ri or s c l c ri tesmorc w hi tened, w i th l ong rv hi tc s eti tc . Il i rl tetesu'ith stcm dull orange yellow, knob dark brorvn. Legs with corae light grrt;', rvith longrvhite setae, trochanters yelloi,v; femora brownish yellow, remainder of lcgs darkcr l-rroivn.
Wings (Fig. 6) very pale ycllowish brown, stigma small, slightly darker brorvn; r'cirrs
yellowed, very inconspicuous against the ground. Veins behind costa with sparse scattcrcd
trichia on rR, very few on distal section of R;. Venation: R:*r*r about trvo-thirds thc basal
section of R;i cell.41r slightly longer than its petiole; m-cu abott one-third longer than
distal section of Car.
Abdominal tergites and plcural membrane dark brorvn, sternites more orange, clearest
midventrally.
rror,orrzpE: Chug, Northeast Frontier Agcncl', Kameng, Assam, India, 6,800-7,300 fect, July
30, 1961 (Fernand S c hmi d)Generally similar to the Japanese Hexatoma (Eriocera) jozana Alexander and H. (E.)
stricklandi (Edrvards), differing from these and other regional species by the unusually iongvestiture of thc head and thorax. There are no closely allied Oriental species known to me.