Global monitoring of wastewater management
Preparation Workshop on
theAsia Wastewater
ManagementPartnership(AWaP)

Yangon, Myanmar
13 December 2017
Rifat Hossain (hossainr@who.int)
World Health Organization
Geneva, SwitzerlandSDG6. Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation forall

Target 6.3: By 2030, improve water
quality by reducing pollution,eliminating dumping and minimizing
hazardous chemicals and materials,
proportion of untreated wastewater andsubstantially increasing recycling andreuse globally
Indicator 6.3.1: proportion oftreatedSustainable Development Goals…
• Tools of global governance• Measuring progress for the global community• Informing global investments• SDG calls for: sustainability (economic, social andenvironmental) in development under goodgovernance– Huge opportunities– Tremendous challenges (incl. monitoring)…resources• SDG monitoring: capturing the SDG ambitions– Not to dumb down the targets: full potential ofindicators…use all available data sources– Preparing the work of major revision of indicators

MDG to SDG ambitions: sanitation
monitoring to ensure public health• 6.2.1: use of safelymanaged sanitation
services (Tier I) only
tells a partial story• 6.3.1: go beyond
household use and onsite
management, to follow
the full sanitation chain
to know what happens toexcreta, and how it issafely managed
throughout the chain andtreated or safely reused

2014 WHO burden of diarrhoeal disease estimate

Sanitation chain monitoring: 6.2 &6.3
• 6.3.1: Proportion of wastewater safely treated• 6.2.1: Proportion of population using safely
managed sanitation services• Commonalities:– Mass flow/balance approach– Onsite and off-site treatment• Differences:– 6.2 includes open defecation and unimproved– 6.3 combines households with economic/industrial(pretreatment of hazardous wastewater)– 6.3 includes more on treatment relevant for reuse5

Aligned to international
standards…tier II System of Environmental Economic
Accounting (SEEA)• Environmental accounting framework:
treatment categories, definitions,methods for emissions to water International Recommendations for Water
Statistics (IWRS),
 Onsite safe management comes from 6.2.1(tier I)
 Industrial wastewater: estimate using
inventories of industries (ISICrev4)...compliance monitoring, without
evidence wastewater untreatedWastewater monitoring…
Types

Sub categories

Monitoring methods

Municipa • On-site (safe containment:l• Flush to septic tanks• Flush to pits
• Onsite (saferemoval/transport:• septic tanks• sewer connections• Off site connections• Commercial (includingschools)• Industrial (nonhazardous)• Reprocessing of 6.2.1 estimatesand refining for performancemonitoring (compliance tonational/international standards),
versus technology based(secondary or higher treatment)

Nonmunicipal• Compliance to permitted discharges• Estimates based on economicoutputs•

Industrial and commercial
requiring pre-treatments• For commercial/industrial:
estimates using wastewater
generation potential based on
economic outputs and otherassumptions

Next steps…towards a 6.3.1
baseline• April – now– Reanalysis of 6.2.1 data (baseline published in June2017), and desk review– Additional baseline data collection/compilation– Additional pilots for country and regional specificity• Dec 2017 – April 2018

– Continuation of pilot and additional data collectionworks– Baseline fixing and country consultation• Ready for inclusion into SG's report in 2018
• Baseline report third quarter 2018

Geospatial data in cholera mapping (2010)

Cholera outbreaks in Mali along the main river: combining
geospatial DHS data and cholera dataNeglected Tropical Diseases: WASH
inequality (2016)…work on disaggregation(geospatial data)
NTD endemicity higher in clusters of lower
WASH access: serious issue in many PIC

Wastewater monitoring pilots• GEMI (UN Water integrated monitoring forSDGs)– Jordan, Peru, Senegal, Uganda, Netherlands• WHO pilots– China (municipal/cities 80%, others beingcollected),– Philippines (household 4%, non-household 5%)– Vietnam (12% household, non-household 13%)
– Fiji (expected soon)– Samoa or one other Pacific Islands (expectedsoon)• Upcoming WW monitoring activities: Brazil,
Bangladesh, India, EUROSTAT countries etc.
• With AWaP?

Global preliminary status for
SDG6.3.1?

Vietnam Pilot: WHO-JICA
collaboration
ObjectivesWHO

JICA• Evaluate the current
situation of wastewaterand faecal sludge
management• Propose a method ofwastewater and sludge
that is safely treated, also
proportion reused andrecycled.

• To validate and test feasible
monitoring methodologies

Expected •outcomes•

Timeline

Assessment: legislations,frameworks etc.

Situational analysis &propose method
August – December 2017

• To identify difficulties, gaps andimportant issues to conduct themonitoring activities related toSDG 6.3.1 in Vietnam and do
feed-back for the refinement of
the monitoring methodology
proposed for the indicator of
SDG 6.3.1 by WHO.
• Propose
variousmethods
depending on capacity of countries
in monitoring generation andtreatment of wastewater
October 2017 – April 2018

Points for discussion (1)• SDGs is a transformative agenda• Country driven• Extremely ambitious development agenda• Sustainability is key• Leave no one behind is foundational• SDGs set global level…national adaptation aligningwith national priorities• Indicators will define the SDG ambitions• Not to dumb down the targets or SDG
aspirations• National-global alignment is important: G, T and I• Risk management – safe management (climate?)Points for discussion (2)• SDG6…sustainable management: are risk
management part of targets and monitoring
frameworks?
• Climate resilience – can we ensure continuity ofservices and sustainable developments?
• What needs to be done differently to ensuresustainable management of wastewater
programing and monitoring?
• Resource issues – how can we ensure we
capture good ideas into planning andimplementations?
• Collaboration with AWaPTHANK YOU
Formulation of the SDG resolution has been
truly transformational…
To achieve its aspirations we have to betransformational once again…the key is tohave an ambitious monitoring system?
Rifat HOSSAIN
Email: hossainr@who.int