The Second Phase of WEPA
Framework and Actions

Mitsumasa Okada
Professor, Hiroshima University
WPEA Advisor

Outline of Presentation
1. Rationale of water environmental conservation
2. Reflection of 1st Phase Activities‐ objectives, basic facts and quick evaluation
3. Focus of the 2nd phase
4. 2nd phase of WEPA
‐ specific goals, activities, expected outputs
5. An emerging issue: climate change

Water Environment Conservation for
Sustainable Development¾ Sound water environment is critical for us to enjoy various
services provided by water resources, which are elements ofsustainable development.

Various service
provided bywaterObjective of WEPA
¾ To strengthen water environmental governance thatis a key to address water envionmental problems.

Definition of Water Environmental Governance in WEPA
Enhancement of efficiency and effectiveness in planning andimlementation of policy and legislation for improvement of water
environmental problems and also maintain sound water environment.
The elements of water environmental governance is, for example,
legislation, systems to secure implementation, organisationalarrangement, human capaacity, financial capacity, partnership andcommunication with community.

Basics of the WEPA First Phase
1. Project Duration: April 2004 – March 2009
2. Partner countries: 11 countries (Cambodia, China,Lao PDR, Indonesia, Republic of Korea, Malaysia,Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Viet Nam, Japan)
3. Main Activities:(1) Establishment of WEPA Database(2) Capacity development through WEPA activities
such as forums and(3) Partnership development among WEPA countries

Quick Evaluation of the 1st Phase
Achievement

Future Challenges

Developmentof WEPA
Database

YES

The database was fulfilled
by necessary information
provided by partnercountries, participants ofinternational forums andetc.

To translate “information”
in the database into“knowledge” that
contributes to improvementof water environmental
governance.

CapacityDevelopment

YES

WEPA provided
opportunities of gaining
knowledge

To increase effectiveness of
capacity building

Developmentof Human
Network andPartnerships

YES

Network of WEPA partner To enhance network;countries has been
To deliver messages fromdeveloped.
the network to theregional/international
dialogues

WEPA Database –a tool of information sharing

WEPA Policy Database
StateofwaterOrg.
Arrange‐ments

Legislativ
e Frame‐work

Law EnforcementMonitor‐ing
systemBudget/Expense

Cambodia
China
Indonesia
Korea
LaosMalaysia
MyanmarPhilippines
Thailand
Viet NamJapan

Green column = Data available, Red column = No DataCB

Back‐groundCases

Capacity development opportunities provided
by WEPAJapanese Fiscal
WEPA Activities that ContributeYear
Capacity Development
FY2004
Collection of information by partner countries
Working Group Meeting on Database on Technologies (1)FY2005Working Group Meeting on Database on Technologies (2)Working Group Meeting on Policy Database
FY2006WEPA International Symposium (Bangkok)
WEPA International Forum (Bangkok)
Bilateral Dialogue in Vietnam (Hanoi)
FY2007
Bilateral Dialogue in the Philippines (Manila)
WEPA International Forum (Beppu, Japan)
Water Industry Training in APU (Beppu, Japan)
Bilateral Dialogue in Lao PDR (Vientiane)
FY2008Bilateral Meeting in Cambodia (Siem Reap)(Apr. 2008 – Bilateral Meeting in Malaysia (Putrajaya)
March 2009) WEPA International Forum (Putrajaya, Malaysia)

Enhancement of Human Network‐ Presentations from Different Sectors at h WEPA meetings ‐Gov.

Univ.

ResearchInstitutes

International
Org.
andothers

PublicSector

CBO/NGO

OthersInt’lSymposium

Dec.
2006

4320010Int’l Forum(1)March2007

31552

1

10Int’l Forum(2)

Dec.
2007

13196012

1Int’l Forum(3)

Oct.
2008

18

116

１0

1038

48

19

3251TOTAL

More than 100 presentations from different sectors

2nd Phase of WEPA
1. Duration: April 2009 – March 2014
2. Objective of WEPAThe overall objective of WEPA is the same asin the 1st phase – “To strengthen water
environment governance”

Goals of the WEPA 2nd Phase
Strengthening Water Environmental Governance

WEPA
Formulation of Message on Actions for Better WaterEnvironment in Asia
Identification,
Analysis of Water
Environmental
Governance

Assets of the 1st Phase as
the basis of the 2nd phase

Sharing of knowledge andIdentification of solution ofcurrent and emerging issues

Network ofGovernments

Capacity building
through WEPA
activities and incollaboration withother org.

WEPA Database(as an information platform)

How to achieve the objectives?
AP Water
Knowledge
HubUNEP
ADBI

W
B

International dialogues
ADB

WEPA

World Water Forum,
AP Water Forum,
UNFCCC COP etc.

Capacity
Development

Policy Dialogue
Project Formulation

Info. Infrastructure
Development

JICA ‐ WEPATraining

Senior Officials
Meeting

JICANARBO(Workshop on Water
Environmental Govenance)(Vice Ministers, DGs)

WEPA‐DBDevelopment

WorkshopWorking‐Level Reviewof WEPA Project

AnnualMeeting

Policy Issues Consultation by Subject(Development of Specific Plan and Implementation Plan)

Dialogue
Analysis of water environmental governanceand other issues

Expected Outputs of the Second Phase
1. Policy reports on water environmental governance
2. Reports on the discussion on the specific topics (e.g.
climate change, urban wastewater management)
3. Message from WEPA to the World Water Forum,
UNFCCC COP, etc.
4. Updated WEPA database
5. Enhancement of knowledge and capacity building ofpartners.

Background of the Workshop Thematic Session1 (1)Urbanization and Water Quality Control for the Source of Water
in Asian city
Why Water Quality Control for Water Sources in Asian Cities?
¾ Many Asian cities face scarcity of water resources and water
degradation caused by rapid urbanization for decades.
¾ The water quality control of water sources in the cities is oneof the most urgent political issues in many countries in Asia,
considering that cities have played an important role ineconomical and political activities of each country.
¾ The improvement of water quality of water
sources in the cities requires not only
application of the wastewater treatment
technologies but also a more comprehensive
approach.

Background of the Workshop Thematic Session1 (2)Urbanization and Water Quality Control for the Source of Water
in Asian city
Considering the importance of water quality conservation in urban
areas, especially at the source of water, the issue becomes a topicof the 1st WEPA workshop.
The purpose of the session:
To share experiences and identify the common issues on water
quality management of sources of water in Asian cities that will be
the basis of further discussion.
To this end, current situation and issues of water quality
management of water sources in the Asian cities are to bepresented.

Background of the Workshop Thematic Session2
Impacts of Climate Change on the Water Environment andAdaptation Options

Climate change is one of
the emerging challenges ofwater environmental
governance in the near
future.
The session 2 aims to exchange knowledge and thoughts on climatechange and environment matters among WEPA partner countries.
‐ How climate change and water environment issues are perceived in theWEPA partner countries?
‐ What actions have been taken or will be taken in partner countries‐ What adaptation options are available?

More hot days and heavy rainfalls in JapanThe more hot summer days and heavy rainfalls including typhoonby the increase in atmospheric moisture due to climate change
IPCC-AR4-WG2
Figure 10.2. Projected number of hot days (>30°C) and days of heavy rainfall (>100 mm/day) by the highresolution general circulation model (Hasumi and Emori, 2004).

Climate Change vs. Water Environmentz More hot days → increase in water temperature (W.T.)z reaction rate → water quality
1〜2 ºC increase in drinking water temperature → increase in THMFP
and/or other reactions to produce toxic substances

zthermal stratification → water quality
dimictic lake → monomictic lake → meromictic lakez Heavy rainfalls: increased pollutant runoff → water quality•Observed changes:– Lake Ikeda: 2‐3 ºC water warming → no autumn circulation →anoxic bottom inwinter•

Projected changes:– Lake Biwa north basin: 1.5 ºC water warming →no circulation in 100 years
similar to L. Ikeda?
– 0.8〜2.0 mg/l increase in COD by 1 ºC warming
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan（2006)

Adapting Water Programs to Climate Change:
Global and Local Issues• Climate change
atmospheric temperature, precipitation, evapotranspirationwater cycle
water quality/environment• Management/use of water environment has been based on thepast weather and water cycle conditions by the tacit understandingthat weather variations will be within the past range• (water cycle: past ≠ future) Water management based on theprevious data will not be useful?

Global climate change is a local problems with which conservation
authorities, local governments and water users will have to deal.
Mainstreaming Climate Change in Drinking Water Source Protection Planning inOntario (Canadian Water Resources Association (March 31, 2006))

Working together for better future‐ WEPA will be served as “the platform of dialogue among
WEPA partner countries” to address current and emerging
issues related to water environmental governance.
‐ This first workshop is very important as a kick‐off of thematic
discussion of WEPA. It is expected that the findings of theworkshop will form the basis of future discussions.
‐ To facilitate the 2nd phase WEPA activities, your active
involvement is very important.

Specific goals of the 2nd phase1.

Identification of areas which need policy intervention throughextended analysis of water environmental governance in each
WEPA country, based on the information accumulated in theWEPA database and dialogues with partner countries.

2.

Sharing “knowledge” and find “options of solution” throughdiscussion on common and/or emerging issues (e.g. climatechange adaptation, urban wastewater management) among
partners.

3.

Delivering message from WEPA on necessary actions for
improvement of water environmental governance in WEPA
partner countries and asking int’l collaboration where necessary.

4.

Enhancing knowledge and capacity of WEPA partners through
WEPA activities