引用文献

1章

太った花嫁

P.9 L.1「死体泥棒」: “Trying to Steal the Fat Bride: Resurrectionists Twice Baffled in Attempts to
Rob the Grave,” New York Times, October 20, 1883.
P.11 L.4「“教育的な娯楽”」: Robert Bogdan, Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusement

and Profit (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998); Rachel Adams, Sideshow U.S.A.:
Freaks and the American Cultural Imagination (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001).
P.11 L.6「…学者たちの好奇心も刺激した。」: Aimee Medeiros, Heightened Expectations (Tuscaloosa:
University of Alabama Press, 2016).
P.12 L.2「致命的な肥満で亡くなった女性の遺体解剖」: Fielding H. Garrison, “Ductless Glands,
Internal Secretions and Hormonic Equilibrium,” Popular Science Monthly 85, no. 36 (December1914): 531-40.
P.12 L.4「発達遅延を示す十歳の肥満児」: J. Lindholm and P. Laurberg, “Hypothyroidism and Thyroid
Substitution: Historical Aspects,” Journal of Thyroid Research 2011 (March 2011): 1-10.
P.12 L.7「この博物館」: Steve Cuozzo, “$wells Take Bowery,” New York Post, December 26, 2012.
P.13 L.3「脂肪の怪物」: “More Than a Better Half,” New York Times, September 26, 1883.
P.13 L.14「見世物小屋宿舎」: “The Fat Bride,” Australian Town and Country Journal, January 12,
1884.
P.14 L.7「…妻が死んでいることに気づいたという。」: “The Fat Bride,” Manawatu Times, January
28, 1884.

https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/MT18840128.2.20

P.14 L.17「歩道に集まった群衆は、…」: “The Fat Girl’s Funeral: Her Remains Deposited in a
Capacious Grave at Mt. Olivet,” Baltimore Sun, October 29, 1883.
P.18 L.18「生理学と生化学の知識のない医者は…」: Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind:

A Medical History of Humanity (New York: W. W. Norton, 1997), 305.
P.21 L.7「手術後の雄鶏はけたたましく鳴き…」: Homer P. Rush, “A Biographical Sketch of Arnold
Adolf Berthold: An Early Experimenter with Ductless Glands,” Annals of Medical History 1(1929): 208-14; Arnold Adolph Berthold, “The Transplantation of Testes,” translated by D. P.
Quiring, Bulletin of the History of Medicine 16, no. 4 (1944): 399-401.
P.22 L.4「自身の発見や知見を…発表した。」: Rush, “A Biographical Sketch.”
P.22 L.7「まるでコロンブスが…」: Albert Q. Maisel, The Hormone Quest (New York: Random House,1965).
1

P.22 L.9「トーマス・ブリザード・カーリング」: Lindholm and Laurberg, “Hypothyroidism and Thyroid
Substitution.”
P.22 L.13「トーマス・アジソン」: Henry Dale, “Thomas Addison: Pioneer of Endocrinology,” British

Medical Journal 2, no. 4623 (1949): 347-52.
P.22 L.15「ジョージ・オリバー」: 同上.
P.22 L.18「“アドレナリン”とよばれることになった。」: Michael J. Aminoff, Brown-Séquard: An

Improbable Genius Who Transformed Medicine (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011);
Porter, The Greatest Gift to Mankind, 564; John Henderson, A Life of Ernest Starling (NewYork: Oxford University Press, 2005).

２章

ホルモン誕生P.26 L.4「用がなければ…」: Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 25.
P.27 L.13「何百年間にもわたる…」: Grimm, Citizen Canine, 48.
P.28 L.1「医学部の授業料が…」: Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 45.
P.28 L.15「彼らは茶色のイヌの…」: 同上., 48.
P.30 L.11「…バッキンガム宮殿からの招待を断った。」: Diana Long Hall, “The Critic and the
Advocate: Contrasting British Views on the State of Endocrinology in the Early 1920s,” Journalof the History of Biology 9, no. 2 (1976): 269-85.
P.30 L.15「ベイリスは、スターリングの妹であるガーとルードと結婚した。」: Henderson, A Life ofErnest Starling.
P.30 L.18「一方スターリングは、…」: Rom Harré, Pavlov’s Dogs and Schrödinger’s Cat: Scenes fromthe Living Laboratory (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009).
P.32 L.7「しかし今回は…」: 同上
P.32 L.11「“化学的な反応”」: Irvin Modlin and Mark Kidd, “Ernest Starling and the Discovery ofSecretin,” Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 32, no. 3(2001): 187-92.
P.33 L.10「…英国王立協会で報告した。」: Barry H. Hirst, “Secretin and the Exposition of Hormonal
Control,” Journal of Physiology 560, no. 2 (2004): 339.
P.33 L.12「…懐疑的だとした。」: W. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Starling, “Preliminary Communicationon the Causation of the So-Called ‘Peripheral Reflex Secretion’ of the Pancreas,” Lancet 159,
no. 4099 (1902): 813.
P.34 L.8「彼らは正しい」: Modlin and Kidd, “Ernest Starling and the Discovery of Secretin.”
P.34 L.13「そして、膵液は…」: W. M. Bayliss and Ernest H. Starling, “On the Causation of the so2

called ‘Peripheral Reflex Secretion’ of the Pancreas (Preliminary Communication),”Proceedings of the Royal Society B69 (1902): 352-53.
P.35 L.1「現在では、閉経後、…」: Jukka H. Meurman, Laura Tarkkila, Aila Tiitinen, “The Menopause
and Oral Health,” Matiritas 63, no. 1 (2009): 56-62.
P.35 L.7「内分泌学という研究分野を築いた」: Modlin and Kidd, “Ernest Starling and the Discovery
of Secretin.”
P.35 L.9「彼らが発見したホルモン…」: Hirst, “Secretin and the Exposition of Hormonal Control.”P.35 L.14「…2007 年に発見された。」: Jessica Y. S. Chu et al., “Secretin as a neurohypophysial factor
regulating body water homeostasis,” PNAS 106, no. 37 (2009): 15961-66.
P.36 L.1「今回発見した消化管と…」: Bayliss and Starling, “On the Causation.”
P.38 L.13「動物実験手法を調査し、…」: Lizzy Lind af Hageby and Leisa Katherina Schartau, Shamblesof Science: Extracts from the Diary of Two Students of Physiology (London: Ernest Bell, 1903).
P.39 L.6「飼い主は、…」: 同上.
P.40 L.9「卑劣で不道徳で忌々しい行為」: Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 11.
P.40 L.917「ベイリスは、世間から注目されたくなかったので、…」: Details of the trial are takenfrom “Bayliss v. Coleridge,” British Medical Journal 2, no. 2237 (1903): 1298-1300; “Bayliss v.
Coleridge (Continued),” British Medical Journal 2, no. 2238 (1903): 1361-71; and “Was It
Torture? The Ladies and the Dogs, Doctors and the Experiments,” Daily News, November 18,
1903.
P.42 L.4「人間を崇拝し、…」: “He Liveth Best Who Loveth Best, All Things Both Great and Small,”

Daily News, November 19, 1903.
P.42 L.7「ロンドン・タイムズ紙の社説」: Mason, The Brown Dog Affair, 19-20.
P.42 L.9「尊敬されるべき人物に対して…」: “The Vivisection Case,” Globe and Traveller, November
18, 1903.
P.42 L.16「４週間の講義」: Ernest H. Starling, The Croonian Lectures on the Chemical Correlationof the Functions of the Body, Royal College of Physicians, 1905.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0140673601118775
P.43 L.1「これらの化学メッセンジャーのことを…」: 同上.
P.44 L.2「…助けを求めた。」: Medvei, A History of Endocrinology, 27; Hirst, “Secretin and the
Exposition of Hormonal Control.”P.44 L.5「autocoid」: Sir Humphry Rolleston, “The History of Endocrinology,” British Medical Journal
1, no. 3984 (1937): 1033-36.
3

P.44 L.8「chalone」: 同上.
P.44 L.15「…精巣と卵巣について触れなかった。」: Henderson, A Life of Ernest Starling.
P.45 L.11「ホルモンについての理解は、…」: Starling, The Croonian Lectures, 35.
P.45 L.14「いつの日か…」: Henderson, A Life of Ernest Starling, 153.
P.46 L.5「“悪意あるもの”、“反生体解剖実験活動家の静かな宣誓”」: “Battersea Has a Brown Dog,”
editorial, New York Times, January 8, 1908.
P.46 L.9「1910 年 3 月 10 日の未明、…」: Marjorie F. M. Martin, “The Brown Dog of University
College,” British Medical Journal 2, no. 4993 (1956): 661.
P.46 L.11「このような像は、…」: “Battersea Loses Famous Dog Statue,” New York Times, March
13, 1910.
P.46 L.14「二代目のイヌの像」: Hilda Kean, “The ‘Smooth Cool Men of Science’: The Feminist andSocial Response to Vivisection,” History Workshop Journal, no. 40 (1995): 16-38.

３章

脳の瓶詰め

P.52 L.14「ハーベイ・クッシングは、…」: Bliss, Harvey Cushing, 166.
P.52 L.17「死亡率は 8％以下で、…」: 同上., 274.
P.53 L.4「これまでに彼が行った…」: Dr. Dennis Spencer, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.55 L.1「彼にとって最初で…」: Bliss, Harvey Cushing, 481.
P.55 L.9「クッシングは、…」: Courtney Pendleton et al., “Harvey Cushing’s Attempt at the First
Human Pituitary Transplantation,” Nature Reviews Endocrinology 6, no. 1 (2010): 48-52.
P.55 L.11「壊れた心を治療できた」: “Part of Brain Replaced: That of Dead Infant Put in Cincinnati
Man’s Head, First of its Kind,” Baltimore Sun, March 26, 1912; “Given Baby’s Brain,”
Washington Post, March 26, 1912; “Brain of Still- Born Infant Used to Restore Man’s Brain,”Atlanta Constitution, March 27, 1912.
P.56 L.12「そしてイヌの血液中に…」: Harvey Cushing, “Medical Classic: The Functions of the
Pituitary Body,” American Journal of the Medical Sciences 281, no. 2 (1981): 70-78.
P.57 L.7「頭蓋骨を解析し、」: Harvey Cushing, “The Basophil Adenomas of the Pituitary Body and
Their Clinical Manifestations (Pituitary Basophilism),” Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital
1, no. 3 (1932): 137-83; Harvey Cushing, The Pituitary and Its Disorders: Clinical States
Produced by Disorders of the Hypophysis Cerebri (Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1912).
P.57 L.12「50 ドルを葬儀屋に手渡し、」: Wouter W. de Herder, “Acromegalic Gigantism, Physicians
and Body Snatching. Past or Present?” Pituitary 15 (2012): 312-18.
4

P.58 L.1「…痩せ細った両脚の男女だった」: Cushing, The Pituitary and Its Disorders.
P.60 L.1「「醜い」と題された、」: “Uglies,” Time, May 2, 1927.
P.60 L.14「この不幸な女性を…」: John F. Fulton, Harvey Cushing: A Biography (Springfield, IL:
Charles C. Thomas, 1946), 304.
P.63 L.3「現在では、…」: “Pituitary Tumors Treatment (PDQ) Patient Version,” National Cancer
Institute, 2016. http://www.cancer.gov/types/pituitary/patient/pituitary-treatment-pdq
P.63 L.8「メイヨ・クリニックの医師は、…」: V. C. Medvei, “The History of Cushing’s Disease: A
Controversial Tale,” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 84, no. 6 (1991): 363-66.
P.63 L.13「”反脳下垂体腫瘍クラブ“」: 同上.
P.63 L.14「不確かな印象から…」: Cushing, “The Basophil Adenomas of the Pituitary Body.”
P.64 L.10「…一日に一万語以上の…」: Fulton, Harvey Cushing.
P.65 L.10「ガラス瓶に入った脳標本」: Dr. Gil Solitaire, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.66 L.2「多分、クラスの何人かは…」: Dr. Christopher John Wahl, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.67 L.16「…自身の考えを伝えた。」: Christopher John Wahl, “The Harvey Cushing Brain Tumor
Registry: Changing Scientific and Philosophic Paradigms and the Study of the Preservation ofArchives,” medical school thesis in neurosurgery, Yale University, 1996.
P.71 L.8「2017 年の夏、…」: personal interviews with Dr. Maya Lodish and Dr. Cynthia Tsay, March
1, 2018. Also Cynthia Tsay et al., “Harvey Cushing Treated the First Known Patient with Carney
Complex,” Journal of the Endocrine Society 1, no. 10 (2017): 1312-21.

４章

殺人鬼ホルモンP.75 L.12「映画が 4 本」: Kathleen Drowne and Patrick Huber, The 1920s (Westport, CT: Greenwood,2004), 25.
P.76 L.15「ホルモン療法の効能をうりにしたハウツー本」: “Credulity About Medicines,” Manchester

Guardian, October 8, 1925; Elizabeth Siegel Watkins, The Estrogen Elixir: A History of
Hormone Replacement Therapy in America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007).
P.76 L.18「さらにこの頃…」: H. Maurice Goodman, “Essays on APS Classical Papers: Discovery of
Luteinizing Hormone of the Anterior Pituitary Gland,” American Journal of Physiology,

Endocrinology and Metabolism 287 (2004): E818-29.
P.77 L.8「奇形で発育不全の…」: R. G. Hoskins, “The Functions of the Endocrine Organs,” ScientificMonthly 18, no. 3 (1924): 257-72.
P.78 L.7「オスマン帝国では…」: Richard J. Wassersug and Tucker Lieberman, “Contemporary
5Castration: Why the Modern Day Eunuch Remains Invisible,” British Medical Journal 341(2010): c4509.
P.78 L.16「内分泌腺が血中に…」: Walter Cannon, Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear, and Rage
(Charleston, SC: Nabu Press, 2010), 64.
P.79 L.9「アダムとイブの息子である…」: Elizabeth M. Heath, “Glands as Cause of Many Crimes,”

New York Times, December 4, 1921.
P.80 L.4「この 50 年間の研究成果から、…」: Louis Berman, “Psycho- endocrinology,” Science 67,
no. 1729 (1928): 195.
P.80 L.18「親愛なるラビ・ベン・エズラ」: Louis Berman to Ezra Pound, “Ezra Pound Papers 18851976,” 1925-1926, Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript
Library, YCAL MSS 43.
P.81 L.11「副腎の機能が優位」: Louis Berman, The Glands Regulating Personality: A Study of Internal

Secretion in Relation to the Types of Human Nature, 2nd ed. (New York: Macmillan, 1928),
165.
P.81 L.14「攻撃的で支配的…」: 同上, 171.
P.81 L.18「適者（理想的な一般人）」: Louis Berman, New Creations in Human Beings (New York:
Doubleday, Doran, 1938), 18.
P.82 L.1「私たち人類は…」: “16-Foot Men Held a Gland Possibility,” New York Times, December
16, 1931.
P.82 L.5「当時の米国では、…」: Drowne and Huber, The 1920s, 25.
P.83 L.6「ホルモン療法がすべての…」: Watkins, The Estrogen Elixir, 140; G. W. Carnrick and Co.,

Organotherapy in General Practice (Baltimore: The Lord Baltimore Press, 1924).
P.83 L.14「人間とは、…」: Chandak Sengoopta, The Most Secret Quintessence of Life: Sex, Glands,

and Hormones 1850-1950 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006), 70.
P.83 L.17「チロキシンと副甲状腺ホルモン、…」: Louis Berman, “Crime and the Endocrine Glands,”

American Journal of Psychiatry 89, no. 2 (1932): 215-38.
P.84 L.5「疑わしい内容が相当含まれている」: Francis Birrell, “Book Review: The Glands Regulating

Personality by Louis Berman,” International Journal of Ethics 32, no. 4 (1922): 450-51.
P.84 L.6「事実と推測、…」: Elmer L. Severinghaus, “Review,” American Sociological Review 4, no.
1 (1939): 144-45.
P.84 L.9「内分泌腺の強大な…」: Margaret Sanger, The Pivot of Civilization (New York: Brentano’s,
1922), 236.
6

P.84 L.12「仮説とは、…」: H. L. Mencken, “Turning the Leaves with G.S.V.: A Trumpeter of Science,”

American Monthly 17, no. 6 (1925).
P.85 L.3「事実と空想が…」: Benjamin Harrow, Glands in Health and Disease (New York: E. P. Dutton,1922).
P.85 L.7「第二回国際優生学会議」: Charles Benedict Davenport, “Research in Eugenics,” in Charles
B. Davenport et al., eds., Scientific Papers of the Second International Congress of Eugenics,
vol. 1: Eugenics, Genetics, and the Family (1923): 25.
P.85 L.9「内分泌系の破綻は、…」: William S. Sadler, “Endocrines, Defective Germ-Plasm, andHereditary Defectiveness,” 同上, 349.
P.85 L.16 「 “ バ ッ ク 対 ベ ル 訴 訟 ” 」 : Buck v. Bell, 274 U.S. 200 (1927), available at:https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/274/200/case.html
P.86 L.6「人間性を調節する…」: Berman, The Glands Regulating Personality, 28.
P.86 L.12「キリスト教は死んだ。…」: Louis Berman, The Religion Called Behaviorism (New York:Boni and Liveright, 1927), 41.
P.87 L.2「…三年間調査した。」: Berman, “Crime and the Endocrine Glands”; W. H. Howell, “Crimeand Disturbed Endocrine Function,” Science 76, no. 1974 (1932): 8-9.
P.87 L.8「これらの研究成果は、…」: Berman, “Crime and the Endocrine Glands.”
P.87 L.13「すべての犯罪者は、…」: 同上, 233.
P.88 L.6「基礎代謝測定器」: Frank Berry Sanborn, ed., Basal Metabolism, Its Determination andApplication (Boston: Sanborn, 1922), 104.
P.89 L.4「この検査手法は、…」: Berman, “Crime and the Endocrine Glands,” 10.
P.90 L.4「…幼稚で感情的な人物だと述べた。」: “Excerpts from the Psychiatric (‘Alienist’)Testimony in the Leopold Loeb Hearing,” http://famous-trials.com/leopoldandloeb/1752psychiatrictestimony
P.90 L.6「ハロルド・ハルバート」: The trial proceedings can be accessed in the Clarence Darrow
Digital Collection, University of Minnesota Law Library.
http://moses.law.umn.edu/darrow2/index.html
P.91 L.7「ボーマンとハルバートが行った検査の結果、…」: Karl Bowman and Harold S. Hulbert,“Nathan Leopold Psychiatric Statement,”
http://exhibits.library.northwestern.edu/archives/exhibits/leoloeb/leopold_psych_statementin “Loeb-Leopold Case: Psychiatrists’ Report for the Defense,” Journal of Criminal Law andCriminology 15, no. 3 (1925): 360-78. “Loeb-Leopold Murder of Franks in Chicago May 21,
7

1924,” 同上, 347-59, gives the chronology of events.
P.91 L.16「第三の目」: Gert-Jan Lokhorst, “Descartes and the Pineal Gland,” in The Stanford

Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2015), https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pineal-gland/; Mark S.
Morrisson, “‘Their Pineal Glands Aglow’: Theosophical Physiology in ‘Ulysses’,” James Joyce

Quarterly 46, no. 3-4 (2008), 509-27.
P.92 L.4「これら内分泌腺の…」: Edward Tenner, “The Original Natural Born Killers,” Nautilus,
September 11, 2014.
P.92 L.12「世紀の裁判と…」: Higdon, Leopold and Loeb, 164.
P.92 L.17「…一定の理解ができるとした。」: Judge Caverly’s decision and sentence available at:
http://famous-trials.com/leopoldandloeb/1747-judgedecision.

５章

男らしくなる秘密の方法！？

P.96 L.1「…数千件以上もあったらしい。」: Michael A. Kozminski and David A. Bloom, “A Brief
History of Rejuvenation Operations,” Journal of Urology 187, no. 3 (2012): 1130-34.
P.96 L.4「怪しげな処置」: “Paris Scientist Tells of Gland Experiments,” Los Angeles Times, June 5,
1923; “New Ponce De Leon Coming,” Baltimore Sun, September 16, 1923; “Gland Treatment
Spreads in America,” New York Times, April 8, 1923.
P.96 L.18「内分泌学の知識をもとにした、…」: Hans Lisser to Dr. Cushing, July 19, 1921, in Yale
University Medical School archives, HC Reprints X, no. 156.
P.97 L.5「シュタインナッハは、…」:
https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/archive/show_people.php?id=8765.
P.97 L.10「当時何世紀にもわたって信じられていた理論」: Kozminski and Bloom, “A Brief History
of Rejuvenation Operations.” The rationale for Steinach’s procedure is also provided in E.
Steinach, “Biological Methods Against the Process of Old Age,” Medical Journal and Record 125,
no. 2345 (1927): 78-81, 161-64.
P.98 L.1「ブラウン・セカールが、…」: Steinach, Sex and Life, 49.
P.98 L.3「寿命間近の…」: 同上, 49-50.
P.98 L.7「待ちわびていた治療法」: “Elixir of Life: The Brown-Sequard Discovery,” Aroha andOhinemu News and Upper Thames Advocate, September 25, 1889.
P.98 L.15「クリエイティブ力、性欲、…」: Chandak Sengoopta, “Glandular Politics: Experimental
Biology, Clinical Medicine, and Homosexual Emancipation in Fin-de-Siècle Central Europe,”

Isis 89, no. 3 (1998): 445-73; Chandak Sengoopta, “‘Dr Steinach coming to make old young!’:8

Sex Glands, Vasectomy and the Quest for Rejuvenation in the Roaring Twenties,” Endeavour
27, no. 3 (2003): 122-26.
P.98 L.17「手術後、記憶力が良くなり、…」: Steinach and Loebel, Sex and Life, 173.
P.99 L.6「自己啓発本が爆発的に売れ、」: Drowne and Huber, The 1920s; Michael Pettit, “Becoming
Glandular: Endocrinology, Mass Culture, and Experimental Lives in the Interwar Age,”

American Historical Review 118, no. 4 (2013): 1052-76.
P.99 L.18「自己コントロール技術」: Pettit, “Becoming Glandular,” 5.
P.100 L.1「シュタインナッハは、…」: Laura Davidow Hirschbein, “The Glandular Solution: Sex,
Masculinity, and Aging in the 1920s,” Journal of the History of Sexuality 9, no. 3 (2000): 277304.
P.100 L.8「カエルの性行動研究」: Sengoopta, The Most Secret Quintessence of Life, 57.
P.101 L.13「驚くべき結果を得た。…」: Steinach and Loebel, Sex and Life, 16.
P.102 L.3「20 世紀直前の研究者たちは、…」: 同上, 3.
P.102 L.9「男性は一般的に…」: 同上, 39.
P.103 L.1 「 ラ ッ ト の 場 合 も 精 巣 が … 」 : Per Södersten et al., “Eugen Steinach: The First
Neuroendocrinologist,” Endocrinology 155, no. 3 (2014): 688-95.
P.103 L.10「するとすべての雄は、…」: Steinach and Loebel, Sex and Life, 30.
P.104 L.4「何の躊躇もなく…」: 同上, 32.
P.105 L.2「精巣摘出後、…」: 同上, 64.
P.105 L.6「性的指向」: Steinach titles a chapter of Sex and Life “Experiments in Explanation and
Erotization,” and writes, “I have coined the expression ‘erotization of the central nervous system’or ‘erotization’” (30).
P.106 L.2「人生で一番重要なことは…」: 同上., 71.
P.106 L.3「カール・クラウス」: Christopher Turner, “Vasectomania, and Other Cures for Sloth,”Cabinet, no. 29: Spring 2008.
P.106 L.14「”疑似的な同性愛行動“」: Sengoopta, The Most Secret Quintessence of Life, 80.
P.107 L.1「…その不足を補う。」: Kozminski and Bloom, “A Brief History of Rejuvenation Operations.”
P.107 L.14「アントン・W.」: Stephen Lock, “‘O That I Were Young Again’: Yeats and the Steinach
Operation,” British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition) 287, no. 6409 (1983): 1964-68.
P.108 L.4「手術を受けた 83 歳の…」: Steinach and Loebel, Sex and Life, 178.
P.108 L.8「ジャーナリストたちは、…」: “Gland Treatment Spreads in America,” New York Times,
April 8, 1923; “New Ponce De Leon Coming,” Baltimore Sun, September 16, 1923.
9

P.108 L.15「サルの精巣を…」: Van Buren Thorne, “The Craze for Rejuvenation,” New York Times,
June 4, 1922.
P.109 L.3「いんちき」: Morris Fishbein, Fads and Quackery in Healing: An Analysis of the Foibles ofthe Healing Cults, With Essays on Various Other Peculiar Notions in the Health Field (NewYork: Covici, Friede, 1932).
P.110 L.18「“いかにして私は 20 歳若返ったのか”」: Angus McLaren, Reproduction by Design(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2012), 85-86; Van Buren Thorne, “Dr. Steinach andRejuvenation,” New York Times, June 26, 1921.
P.111 L.7「勃起力が回復し、…」: McLaren, Reproduction by Design, 86.
P.112 L.1「シュタインナッハは、…」: Södersten et al., “Eugen Steinach.”P.112 L.3 「 科 学 的 に 重 要 な 発 見 」 : E. C. Hamblen, “Clinical Experience with Follicular andHypophyseal Hormones,” Endocrinology 15, no. 3 (1931): 184-94; Michael J. O’Dowd and Elliot
E. Phillips, “Hormones and the Menstrual Cycle,” The History of Obstetrics and Gynaecology(New York: Pantheon, 1994), 255-75.

6章

ホルモンで結ばれたふたり

P.114 L.14「シーガーは、…」: Howard W. Jones, Jr., life story, Jones archive.
P.116 L.12「『性と内分泌』という医学書」: Edgar Allen, ed., Sex and Internal Secretions: A Surveyof Recent Research (Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1932).
P.119 L.6「妊娠検査と言えば A–Z 試験だった。」: Henry W. Louria and Maxwell Rosenzweig, “The
Aschheim–Zondek Hormone Test for Pregnancy,” Journal of the American Medical Association
91, no. 25 (1928): 1988; “Aschheim and Zondek’s Test for Pregnancy,” British Medical Journal(1929): 232C; “The Zondek–Ascheim Test for Pregnancy,” Canadian Medical Association

Journal 22, no. 2 (1930): 251-53; George H. Morrison, “Zondek and Aschheim Test for
Pregnancy,” Lancet 215, no. 5551 (1930): 161-62.
P.120 L.9「アール・エングル」: Howard W. Jones, Jr., “Chorionic Gonadotropin: A Narrative of Its
Identification and Origin and the Role of Georgeanna Seegar Jones,” Obstetrical and

Gynecological Survey 62, no. 1 (2007): 1-3.
P.121 L.1「胎盤にも含まれる」: 同上.
P.121 L.13「日曜大工（DIY）が好きなガイは、…」: Michael Rogers, “The Double-Edged Helix,”

Rolling Stone, March 25, 1976; Rebecca Skloot, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks (NewYork: Crown Publishers, 2010); Jane Maienschein, Marie Glitz, Garland E. Allen, eds.,
10

Centennial History of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, vol. 5 (Cambridge, UK:
Cambridge University Press, 2005), 143.
P.121 L.16「この回転により細胞は、…」: Andrew Artenstein, ed., Vaccines: A Biography (New York:
Springer, 2010), 152.
P.121 L.17「そして二酸化炭素…」: Duncan Wilson, Tissue Culture in Science and Society: The PublicLife of a Biological Technique in Twentieth-Century Britain (London: Palgrave Macmillan,2011), 60.
P.123 L.16「…証拠のひとつが得られた。」: Jones, “Chorionic Gonadotropin.”P.124 L.7「ガイとシーガーのレター」: George Gey, G. Emory Seegar, and Louis M. Hellman,“The Production of a Gonadotrophic Substance (Prolan) by Placental Cells in Tissue Culture,”

Science 88, no. 2283 (1938): 306-7. For a history of the experiment, see Jones, “Chorionic
Gonadotropin.”P.125 L.1「ジョージアンナは、…」: Dr. Howard W. Jones, Jr., author interview.
P.127 L.2「ある不妊症の患者の一人は、…」: Frances Neal to Howard W. Jones, Jr., condolencecard, 2005, Jones archive.

7章

ジェンダーを作り出す

P.137 L.6「過去十年間に、…」: Howard W. Jones, Jr., and Lawson Wilkins, “Gynecological Operationsin 94 patients with Intersexuality: Implications Concerning the Endocrine Theory of Sexual
Differentiation,” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 82, no. 5 (1961): 1142-53.
P.137 L.15「“半陰陽［ヘルマプロディートス（Hermaphrodite）］”」: Howard W. Jones, Jr., andWilliam Wallace Scott, Hermaphroditism, Genital Anomalies and Related Endocrine Disorders(Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1958); Anne Fausto-Sterling, “The Five Sexes,” Sciences 33,
no. 2 (1993): 20-24.
P.138 L.14「米国においてインターセックスは、…」: M. Blackless et al., “How Sexually Dimorphic
Are We? Review and Synthesis,” American Journal of Human Biology 12, no. 2 (2000): 151-66;
Gerald Callahan, Between XX and XY: Intersexuality and the Myth of Two Sexes (Chicago:
Chicago Review Press, 2009); Diane K. Wherrett, “Approach to the Infant with a Suspected
Disorder of Sex Development,” Pediatric Clinics of North America 62, no. 4 (2015): 983-99.
P.139 L.14「“すべての精子と卵が…」: Edgar Allen, ed., Sex and Internal Secretions: A Survey of

Recent Research (Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1932), 5.
P.140 L.2「抗ミュラー管ホルモン」: N. Josso, “Professor Alfred Jost: The Builder of Modern Sex
11Differentiation,” Sexual Development 2, no. 2 (2008): 55-63.
P.140 L.11「女性になるのは…」: Rebecca Jordan-Young, Brain Storm: The Flaws in the Science ofSex Difference (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2010), 25.
P.140 L.14「…科学者の間で根強く残っている。」: H. H. Yao, “The Pathway to Femaleness: Current
Knowledge on Embryonic Development of the Ovary,” Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
230, no. 1-2 (2005): 87-93.
P.141 L.13, L.14 「リダクターゼ」：レダクターゼと同義．
P.142 L.7「…研究成果を発表した」: Howard W. Jones, Jr., and Georgeanna E. S. Jones, “TheGynecological Aspects of Adrenal Hyperplasia and Allied Disorders,” American Journal of

Obstetrics and Gynecology 68, no. 5 (1954): 1330-65.
P.142 L.9「“医療の力”」: Paul Gyorgy et al., “Inter- University Round Table Conference by the Medical
Faculties of the University of Pennsylvania and Johns Hopkins University: Psychological Aspectsof the Sexual Orientation of the Child with Particular Reference to the Problem of Intersexuality,”

Journal of Pediatrics 47, no. 6 (1955): 771-90.
P.142 L.10「ジョン・マネー」: Secondary sources include Terry Goldie, The Man Who Invented

Gender: Engaging Ideas of John Money (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2014); Karkazis, Fixing Sex;and John Money, “Intersexual Problems,” in Kenneth Ryan and Robert Kistner, eds., ClinicalObstetrics and Gynecology (Baltimore: Harper & Row, 1973).
P.143 L.2「“性交学”」: Iain Morland, “Pervert or Sexual Libertarian? Meet John Money, ‘the fatherof f*ology,’” Salon, January 4, 2014; Lisa Downing, Iain Morland, and Nikki Sullivan, Fuckology(Chicago: Chicago University Press: 2015).
P.143 L.8「文明の歴史のなかで、…」: Richard Green and John Money, “Effeminacy in PrepubertalBoys,” Pediatrics 27, no. 286 (1961): 286-91.
P.143 L.9「世間に広く報道された裁判」: Testimony of Dr. John William Money in Joseph Acanfora
III v. Board of Education of Montgomery County, Montgomery County Public Schools, U.S.
District Court for the District of Maryland – 359 F. Supp. 843 (1973).
P.143 L.18「セクシュアリティーに関する会議のパネリスト」: “New Sexual Lifestyles: A symposiumon emerging behavior patterns from open marriage to group sex,” Playboy, September 1973.
P.144 L.10「七つの判断基準」: Howard W. Jones, Jr., “Hermaphroditism,” Progress in Gynecology 3(1957): 35-49; Lawson Wilkins et al., “Masculinization of the Female Fetus Associated with
Administration of Oral and Intramuscular Progestins During Gestation: Non-Adrenal Female
Pseudohermaphrodism,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 18, no. 6 (1958):12

559-85.
P.145 L.6「性の役割によって」: John Money et al., “An Examination of Some Basic Sexual Concepts:
The Evidence of Human Hermaphroditism,” Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital 97, no. 4(1955): 301-19.
P.146 L.2「マネーは、子どもを…」: Karkazis, Fixing Sex.
P.147 L.7「世界的に見ても…」: Dr. Joan Hampson, minutes from an American Urological Association
meeting, 1956, Jones archive.
P.147 L.14「声明」: Associated Press, “Pressure Mounts to Curtail Surgery on Intersex Children,” NewYork Times, July 25, 2017.
P.147 L.18「ジョンズ・ホプキンス大学の…」: Reis, Bodies in Doubt, 177.
P.148 L.6「私は、マネーは…」: Dr. Milton Diamond, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.148 L.9「マネーへの批判的な記事」: Milton Diamond and H. Keith Sigmundson, “Sex Reassignment
at Birth: A Long Term Review and Clinical Implications,” Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent

Medicine 151, no. 3 (1997): 298-304.
P.148 L.9「ローリングストーンに掲載」: John Colapinto, “The true story of John/Joan,” Rolling Stone
775 (1997): 54-73, 97; John Colapinto, As Nature Made Him: The Boy who Was Raised as a Girl
(New York: Harper Perennial, 2000).
P.149 L.9「マネーは、さまざまな欠点も…」: Karkazis, Fixing Sex, 47.
P.151 L.5「生殖器の解剖学や半陰陽」: C. H. Phoenix et al., “Organizing Action of Prenatally
Administered Testosterone Propionate on the Tissues Mediating Mating Behavior in the Female
Guinea Pig,” Endocrinology 65, no. 3 (1959): 369-82.
P.151 L.6「DES」: Randi Hutter Epstein, Get Me Out: A History of Childbirth from the Garden of

Eden to the Sperm Bank (New York: W. W. Norton, 2010).
P.152 L.15「…米科学誌サイエンスに発表した。」: Fausto-Sterling, “The Five Sexes.”
P.153 L.5「“半陰陽”というレッテルを撲滅」: J. M. Morris, “Intersexuality,” Journal of the American

Medical Association 163, no. 7 (1957): 538-42; Robert B. Edgerton, “Pokot Intersexuality: An
East African Example of the Resolution of Sexual Incongruity,” American Anthropologist 66, no.
6 (1964): 1288-99; John Money, “Psychologic Evaluation of the Child with Intersex Problems,”

Pediatrics 36, no. 1 (1965): 51-55; Cheryl Chase, “Letters from Readers,” The Sciences 33, no.
3 (1993).
P.155 L.11「現在の医師たちは、…」: Jennifer E. Dayner et al., “Medical Treatment of Intersex:
Parental Perspectives,” Journal of Urology 172, no. 4 (2004): 1762-65.
13

P.155 L.12「2013 年、スイスとドイツの研究者たちは、…」: Jürg C. Streuli et al., “Shaping Parents:
Impact of Contrasting Professional Counseling on Parents’ Decision Making for Children with
Disorders of Sex Development,” Journal of Sexual Medicine 10, no. 8 (2013): 1953-60.
P.157 L.3「いまでは、インターセックスの人々は、…」: Bo Laurent, 著者によるインタビュー.

８章

成長させるために

P.161 L.14「人類学者たちは、…」: Ron G. Rosenfeld, “Endocrine Control of Growth,” in Noël Cameronand Barry Bogin, eds., Human Growth and Development, 2nd ed. (New York: Elsevier, 2012).
P.162 L.13「将来的には…」: Melvin Grumbach, “Herbert McLean Evans, Revolutionary in Modern
Endocrinology: A Tale of Great Expectations,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology andMetabolism 55, no. 6 (1982): 1240-47.
P.162 L.14「オスカー・リドル」: “Scientist Predicts Pituitary Treatment Will Overcome the ‘Inferiority
Complex,’” New York Times, August 2, 1937.
P.163 L.2「地獄のような小人症の人生」: Medeiros, “Heightened Expectations” (PhD thesis), 152.
P.163 L.6「未熟さと不安」: Sheila Rothman and David Rothman, The Pursuit of Perfection: The

Promise and Perils of Medical Enhancement (New York: Pantheon, 2003), 173.
P.163 L.9「ホルモンの不足を…」: 同上, 174.
P.164 L.11「成長ホルモンに関する最新の研究成果」: “Hormone to Aid Growth Isolated, But It Is
Too Costly for Wide Use,” New York Times, March 8, 1944; “What Scientists Are Doing,” NewYork Herald Tribune, March 19, 1944; Choh Hao Li and Herbert Evans, “The Isolation of
Pituitary Growth Hormone,” Science 99, no. 2566 (1944): 183-84.
P.164 L.13「1958 年には、…」: Earl Ubell, “Hormone Makes Dwarf Grow: May Also Offer Clues inCancer, Obesity, Aging,” New York Herald Tribune, March 29, 1958; Earl Ubell, “Hormones
Now May Be Tailor-Made,” New York Herald Tribune, May 10, 1959.
P.167 L.6「…重要な論文を執筆していた。」: Edna Sobel et al., “The Use of Methyltestosterone to
Stimulate Growth: Relative Influence on Skeletal Maturation and Linear Growth,” Journal of

Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 16, no. 2 (1956): 241-48.
P.172 L.3「エバンスとリーの研究」: Li and Evans, “The Isolation of Pituitary Growth Hormone.”
P.173 L.3「モーリス・レーベン」: M. S. Raben, “Letters to the Editor: Treatment of a Pituitary Dwarf
with Human Growth Hormone,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 18, no. 8(1958): 901-3.
P.173 L.13「ホルモンが小人を成長させる…」: Earl Ubell, Hormone Makes Dwarf Grow,” New York14

Herald Tribune, March 29, 1958.
P.173 L.17「ヒト成長ホルモンを注射しても、…」: Alton L. Blakeslee, “Stimulant Found in Pituitary
Powder: Growth Hormone Isolated: Found Capable of Inducing Added Height in Children
Dwarfed by Natural Causes,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, March 29, 1958.
P.177 L.5「半ガロン（約 1.89 リットル）の牛乳容器」: Dr. Salvatore Raiti, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.182 L.17「この機関の大義を宣伝する」: Rothman and Rothman, The Pursuit of Perfection, 171.
P.183 L.14「このような組織が存在しなければ、…」: Podine Schoenberger, “Pilot Honored by
Pathologists,” New Orleans Times- Picayune, March 26, 1968.
P.184 L.2「NPA は、治療ガイドラインを作成した。」: 同上.
P.184 L.8「天然ヒト成長ホルモンのほうが…」: Robert Blizzard, “History of Growth Hormone
Therapy,” Indian Journal of Pediatrics 79, no. 1 (2012): 87-91.
P.184 L.13「ついに小人症を克服した」: Medeiros, “Heightened Expectations” (PhD thesis), 166.

９章

測れないものを測る

P.189 L.12「ロサリンは、若くして…」: Straus, Rosalyn Yalow, 46.
P.190 L.9「男性たちは、戦いに行かなければならなかったので、…」: 同上, 34.
P.191 L.7「ロサリンは、私をより広い世界へ…」: Mildred Dresselhaus, home video of a memorialservice, Yalow archive.
P.192 L.6「…研究室に改装した。」: “Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson,” Chemical Heritage
Foundation, August 13, 2015, https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/rosalynyalow-and-solomon-a-berson.
P.195 L.1「…その論文は、JCI に掲載された。」: S. A. Berson and R. S. Yalow et al., “Insulin-I131
Metabolism in Human Subjects: Demonstration of Insulin Binding Globulin in the Circulationof Insulin-Treated Subjects,” Journal of Clinical Investigation 35 (1956): 170-90.
P.197 L.14「ラジオイムノアッセイ技術の詳細を出版し、」: Rosalyn S. Yalow and Solomon A. Berson,“Immunoassay of Endogenous Plasma Insulin in Man,” Journal of Clinical Investigation 39, no.
7 (1960): 1157-75.
P.200 L.5「幸運なことに…」: Ruth H. Howes, “Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (1921-2011),” American
Physical Society Sites: Forum on Physics and Society, 2015.
P.200 L.10「アイディアは、斬新であればあるほど…」: Endocrine Society Staff, “In Memoriam: Dr.
Rosalyn Yalow, PhD, 1921-2011,” Molecular Endocrinology 26, no. 5 (2012): 713-14.
15

P.200 L.14「2011 年 5 月 30 日、…」: Denise Gellene, “Rosalyn S. Yalow, Nobel Medical Physicist,
Dies at 89,” New York Times, June 1, 2011.

１０章

強くなり続ける痛み

P.203 L.1「ジョーイ・ロドリゲス」: Thomas Koch et al., “Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in a Young Adultwith Idiopathic Hypopituitarism: Possible Relation to the Administration of Cadaveric Human
Growth Hormone,” New England Journal of Medicine 313, no. 12 (1985): 731-33.
P.204 L.3「めまいがしてるから、…」: Cooke, Cannibals, Cows and the CJD Catastrophe, 110.
P.212 L.6「これら三つの症例による…」: Paul Brown, “Reflections on a Half-Century in the Field ofTransmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy,” Folia Neuropathologica 47, no. 2 (2009): 95-103.
P.212 L.15「ジェネンテック社だけが喪に服してない」: Paul Brown et al., “Potential Epidemic of
Creutzfeldt- Jakob Disease from Human Growth Hormone Therapy,” New England Journal of

Medicine 313, no. 12 (1985): 728-31; Paul Brown, “Human Growth Hormone Therapy andCreutzfeldt-Jakob Disease: A Drama in Three Acts,” Pediatrics 81 (1988): 85-92; Paul Brown,“Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease,” Neurology 67, no. 3 (2006): 389-93.
P.215 L.16「多くても年に一度」: David Davis, “Growing Pains,” LA Weekly, March 21, 1997.
P.217 L.10「…パーローの概念を裏づけた。」: Joseph Y. Abrams et al., “Lower Risk of CreutzfeldtJakob Disease in Pituitary Growth Hormone Recipients Initiating Treatment after 1977,”

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 96, no. 10 (2011): E1666-69; Genevra
Pittman, “Purified Growth Hormone Not Tied to Brain Disease,” Reuters Health, August 19,
2011.
P.218 L.5「33 人の死亡例」: Dr. Larry Schonberger, Centers for Disease Control, email to author,
October 24, 2017, and Christine Pearson, CDC spokesperson, email to author, October 5, 2017.
The 33 deaths include one case related to hormone made by a pharmaceutical firm. Other
potential cases have been reported, including the 2013 death of a child denied treatment by the
U.S. government program because he didn’t meet the height criteria who was given hormonesfrom Europe, reported in Brian S. Appleby et al., “Iatrogenic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease from
Commercial Cadaveric Human Growth Hormone,” Emerging Infectious Diseases 19, no. 4(2013): 682-84.
P.218 L.7「英国では、…78 人が死亡」: Dr. Peter Rudge, email to author, October 4, 2017. See also
P. Rudge et al., “Iatrogenic CJD Due to Pituitary-Derived Growth Hormone with Genetically
Determined Incubation Times of Up to 40 Years,” Brain 138, no. 11 (2015): 3386-99.
16

P.218 L.15「英国の裁判所は、…判決を下した。」: Emily Green, “A Wonder Drug That Carried theSeeds of Death,” Los Angeles Times, May 21, 2000.
P.218 L.18「フランスの患者の家族のグループは…」: Several articles have been written about the
French lawsuits. See Angelique Chrisafis, “French Doctors on Trial for CJD Deaths after
Hormone ‘Misuse,’” Guardian, February 6, 2008; Barbara Casassus, “INSERM Doubts
Criminality in Growth Hormone Case,” Science 307, no. 5716 (2005): 1711, and “Acquittals in
CJD Trial Divide French Scientists,” Science 323, no. 5913 (2009): 446; Pierre-Antoine
Souchard and Verena Von Derschau, “6 Acquitted in French Trial over Hormone Deaths,”
Associated Press, in San Diego Union-Tribune, January 14, 2009.

１１章

頭がかっかする：更年期の謎

P.221 L.4「『更年期障害』の共著者」: Charles B. Hammond et al., Menopause: Evaluation, Treatment,

and Health Concerns—Proceedings of a National Institutes of Health Symposium Held in
Bethesda, Maryland, April 21-22, 1988 (New York: Alan R. Liss, 1989).
P.223 L.7「更年期の女性は、…」: Helen E. Fisher, “Mighty Menopause,” New York Times, October
21, 1992.
P.225 L.1「症状が不運なことに何十年も続き」: F. Kronenberg, “Menopausal Hot Flashes: A Review
of Physiology and Biosociocultural Perspective on Methods of Assessment,” Journal of Nutrition
140, no. 7 (2010): 1380s-85s.
P.225 L.9「…テレビドラマでも扱われるようになった。」: Elizabeth Siegel Watkins, The Estrogen

Elixir: A History of Hormone Replacement Therapy in America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins
University Press, 2007).
P.225 L.14「NIH で行われたいくつかの 研究」 : 同上., 244; Nancy Krieger et al., “Hormone
Replacement Therapy, Cancer, Controversies, and Women’s Health: Historical, Epidemiological,
Biological, Clinical, and Advocacy Perspectives,” Journal of Epidemiology and Community

Health 59, no. 9 (2005): 740-48; Watkins, The Estrogen Elixir, 244; A. Heyman et al.,“Alzheimer’s Disease: A Study of Epidemiological Aspects,” Annals of Neurology 15, no. 4(1984): 335-41; M. X. Tang et al., “Effect of Oestrogen During Menopause on Risk and Age at
Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease,” Lancet 348, no. 9025 (1996): 429-32.
P.225 L.18「ほとんどわかっておらず、」: Margaret Morganroth Gullette, “What, Menopause Again?”Ms., July 1993, 34; Nancy Fugate Woods, “Menopause: Models, Medicine, and Midlife,”
Frontiers 19, no. 1 (1998): 5-19.
17

P.226 L.1「ロバート・フリードマン」: Dr. Robert Freedman, 著者によるインタビュー; Robert R.
Freedman, “Biochemical, Metabolic, and Vascular Mechanisms in Menopausal Hot Flashes,”

Fertility and Sterility 70, no. 2 (1998): 332-37, and “Menopausal Hot Flashes: Mechanisms,
Endocrinology, Treatment,” Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 142 (2014):
115-20. See also Denise Grady, “Hot Flashes: Exploring the Mystery of Women’s Thermal
Chaos,” New York Times, September 3, 2002.
P.228 L.11「ほてりとどう関連するか、」: Kronenberg, “Menopausal Hot Flashes.”
P.229 L.5「メスのシャチは…」: Lauren Brent, 著者によるインタビュー; Lauren Brent et al.,“Ecological Knowledge, Leadership, and the Evolution of Menopause in Killer Whales,” editorialcomment, Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey 70, no. 11 (2015): 701-2.
P.230 L.10「若い女性 3 名と…」: Naomi Rance, 著者によるインタビュー; Naomi E. Rance et al.,“Modulation of Body Temperature and LH Secretion by Hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin,
neurokinin B and dynorphin) Neurons: A Novel Hypothesis on the Mechanism of Hot Flushes,”

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 34, no. 3 (2013): 211-27; N. E. Rance et al., “Postmenopausal
Hypertrophy of Neurons Expressing the Estrogen Receptor Gene in the Human Hypothalamus,”

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 71, no. 1 (1990): 79-85.
P.231 L.5「更年期前と更年期に…」: N. E. Rance and W. S. Young III, “Hypertrophy and Increased
Gene Expression of Neurons Containing Neurokinin-B and Substance-P Messenger Ribonucleic
Acids in the Hypothalami of Postmenopausal Women,” Endocrinology 128, no. 5 (1991): 223947. For a review of the Rance research, see Ty William Abel and Naomi Ellen Rance, “Stereologic
Study of the Hypothalamic Infundibular Nucleus in Young and Older Women,” Journal ofComparative Neurology 424, no. 4 (2000): 679-88.
P.231 L.9「ニューロキニン B を女性に注射」: Channa Jayasena et al., “Neurokinin B Administration
Induces Hot Flushes in Women,” Scientific Reports 5, no. 8466 (2015).
P.231 L.12「ニューロキニン B の阻害薬」: Julia K. Prague et al., “Neurokinin 3 Receptor Antagonism
as a Novel Treatment for Menopausal Hot Flushes: A Phase 2, Randomised, Double-Blind,
Placebo-Controlled Trial,” Lancet 389, no. 10081 (May 2017): 1809-20. Articles on thepotential new non-hormone drug include Megan Cully, “Neurokinin 3 Receptor Antagonist
Revival Heats Up with Astellas Acquisition,” Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 16, no. 6 (2017):
377.
P.231 L.17「同じころ別の研究グループは、…」: Heyman et al., “Alzheimer’s Disease”; V. W.
Henderson et al., “Estrogen Replacement Therapy in Older Women: Comparisons Between
18

Alzheimer’s Disease Cases and Nondemented Control Subjects,” Archives of Neurology 51, no.
9 (1994): 896-900; Tang et al., “Effect of Oestrogen.”P.233 L.3「白人の上流階級」: Randall S. Stafford et al., “The Declining Impact of Race and Insurance
Status on Hormone Replacement Therapy,” Menopause 5, no. 3 (1998): 140-44; Watkins, The

Estrogen Elixir.
P.232 L.13 「 約 60 ％ 低 い 」 : Kate M. Brett and Jennifer H. Madans, “Differences in Use of
Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy by Black and White Women,” Menopause 4,
no. 2 (1997): 66-76.
P.232 L.14「三万人以上の人びと」: Stafford et al., “The Declining Impact of Race and Insurance
Status.”P.233 L.7「2004 年には…」: Krieger et al., “Hormone Replacement Therapy, Cancer, Controversies,
and Women’s Health.”
P.234 L.8「女性は誰一人として、…」: Robert Wilson, Feminine Forever (New York: Pocket Books,
1968), 52.
P.234 L.12「三つの製薬会社から支援を受けて、」: Krieger et al., “Hormone Replacement Therapy,
Cancer, Controversies, and Women’s Health”; Judith Houck, Hot and Bothered: Women,

Medicine, and Menopause in Modern America (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press,
2006).
P.236 L.1「ホルモン補充療法を受けた人の数」: Krieger et al., “Hormone Replacement Therapy,
Cancer, Controversies, and Women’s Health.”
P.236 L.10「PEPI」: The Writing Group for the PEPI Trial, “Effects of estrogen or estrogen/progestin
regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women: The Postmenopausal
Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Trial,” Journal of the American Medical Association
273, no. 3 (1995):199-208.
P.236 L.12 「 大 規 模 研 究 」 : Meir J. Stampfer et al., “Postmenopausal Estrogen Therapy andCardiovascular Disease,” New England Journal of Medicine 325, no. 11 (1991): 756-62.
P.236 L.18「…埋もれてしまった。」: Watkins, The Estrogen Elixir.
P.238 L.3「…女性たちは落胆し、恐怖に陥り、そして憤慨した。」: R. D. Langer, “The Evidence Basefor HRT: What Can We Believe?” Climacteric 20, no. 2 (2017): 91-96.
P.238 L.9「WHI の研究目的は、…」: Dr. JoAnn Manson, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.239 L.7 「 処 方 件 数 は 半 分 に 、 」 : Krieger et al., “Hormone Replacement Therapy, Cancer,
Controversies, and Women’s Health.”19

P.239 L.9「死亡率に有意差がない」: J. E. Manson et al. for the WHI Investigators, “Menopausal
Hormone Therapy and Long-Term All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: The Women’s
Health Initiative Randomized Trials,” Journal of the American Medical Association 318, no. 10(2017): 927-38.
P.239 L.9「マンソンは、ロイター通信に…」: Lisa Rapaport, “Menopause Hormone Not Linked toPremature Death,” Reuters Health, September 12, 2017.
P.240 L.11「2010 年、米国の…」: Nanette Santoro et al., “Compounded Bioidentical Hormones in
Endocrinology Practice: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement,” Journal of Clinical

Endocrinology and Metabolism 101, no. 4 (2016): 1318-43.
P.240 L.13「米大衆誌モアの記者が、…」: Cathryn Jakobson Ramin, “The Hormone Hoax Thousands
Fall For,” More, October 2013, 134-44, 156.
P.241 L.2「北米更年期学会」: North American Menopause Society, “The 2017 Hormone Therapy
Position Statement of the North American Menopause Society,” Menopause 24, no. 7 (2017):
728-53.

１２章

テストステロン研究の創始者

P.245 L.2「…イヌが交尾をしていた。」: Frank A. Beach, “Locks and Beagles,” American Psychologist
24, no. 11 (1969): 971-89; Benjamin D. Sachs, “In Memoriam: Frank Ambrose Beach,”

Psychobiology 16, no. 4 (1988): 312-14.
P.246 L.14「性的能力は、…」: Paul de Kruif, The Male Hormone (New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1945),
107.
P.246 L.17「男性ホルモンは、…」: W. O. Thompson, “Uses and Abuses of the Male Sex Hormone,”

Journal of the American Medical Association 132, no. 4 (1946): 185-88; Blakeslee, “Stimulant
Found in Pituitary Powder.”P.247 L.5「もしこの仮説が正しければ、…」: Beach, “Locks and Beagles.”P.247 L.12「…医師の間で続いている。」: Andrea Busnelli et al., “‘Forever Young’—Testosterone
Replacement Therapy: A Blockbuster Drug Despite Flabby Evidence and Broken Promises,”

Human Reproduction 32, no. 4 (2017): 719-24.
P.248 L.18「フレッド・コッホ」: Alvaro Morales, “The Long and Tortuous History of the Discovery
of Testosterone and Its Clinical Application,” Journal of Sexual Medicine 10, no. 4 (2013): 117883.
P.249 L.9「このホルモンの…」: T. F. Gallagher and Fred C. Koch, “The Testicular Hormone,” Journal20

of Biological Chemistry 84, no. 2 (1929): 495-500.
P.250 L.15「成長ホルモンとして考えれば、…」: Claudia Dreifus, “A Conversation with—Anne FaustoSterling; Exploring What Makes Us Male or Female,” New York Times, January 2, 2001; Anne
Fausto-Sterling, Sexing the Body (New York: Basic Books, 2000).
P.251 L.17「この革新的な研究成果」: “Science Finds Way to Produce Male Hormone Synthetically,”

New York Herald Tribune, September 16, 1935; “Chemist Produces Potent Hormone,” NewYork Times, September 16, 1935; “Testosterone,” Time, September 23, 1935.
P.252 L.5「テストステロンは、…」: “Testosterone,” Time.
P.253 L.17「宣伝広告」: Sarita Metzger and Arthur L. Burnett, “Impact of Recent FDA Ruling on
Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT),” Translational Andrology and Urology 5, no. 6(2016): 921-26. For an example of the news reports, see Julie Revelant, “10 Warning Signs of
Low Testosterone Men Should Never Ignore,” Fox News Health, July 18, 2016,
http://www.foxnews.com/health/2016/07/18/10-warning-signs-low-testosterone-menshould-never-ignore.html.
P.255 L.2「21 世紀に入ると製薬会社は、…」: August Werner, “The Male Climacteric,” Journal of

the American Medical Association 112, no. 15 (1939): 1441-43.
P.255 L.15「”本当にくだらない質問紙“」: Dr. John Morley, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.256 L.6「暴露記事」: Stephen R. Braun, “Promoting ‘Low T’: A Medical Writer’s Perspective,”

JAMA Internal Medicine 173, no. 15 (2013): 1458-60.
P.256 L.10「倫理的に問題があると判断し、…」: Stephen Braun, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.256 L.13「すべての販売戦略」: C. Lee Ventola, “Direct-to-Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising:
Therapeutic or Toxic?” Pharmacy and Therapeutics 36, no. 10 (2011): 669-84; Samantha Huo
et al., “Treatment of Men for ‘Low Testosterone’: A Systematic Review,” PLOS ONE 11, no. 9(2016): e0162480.
P.256 L.15「法律によって…」: Hoberman, Testosterone Dreams, 120.
P.257 L.6「添付文書」: Metzger and Burnett, “Impact of Recent FDA Ruling.”
P.257 L.7「…この方針に賛同した。」: Shalender Bhasin et al., “Testosterone Therapy in Men with
Androgen Deficiency Syndromes: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline,” Journal of

Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 95, no. 6 (2010): 2536-59; Frederick Wu et al.,“Identification of Late-Onset Hypogonadism in Middle-Aged and Elderly Men,” New England

Journal of Medicine 363, no. 2 (2010): 123-35; G. R. Dohle et al., “Guidelines on Male
Hypogonadism,”

European

Association
21

ofUrology,2014,https://uroweb.org/guidelines/sexual-and-reproductive-health/chapter/male-hypogonadism
P.257 L.9「FDA の方針では、…」: Joseph Scott Gabrielsen et al., “Trends in Testosterone Prescription
and Public Health Concerns,” Urologic Clinics of North America 43, no. 2 (2016): 261-71;
Katherine Margo and Robert Winn, “Testosterone Treatments: Why, When, and How?”

American Family Physician 73, no. 9 (2006): 1591-98.
P.257 L.14「体内のテストステロン濃度…」: L. M. Schwartz and S. Woloshin, “Low ‘T’ as in‘Template’: How to Sell Disease,” JAMA Internal Medicine 173, no. 15 (2013): 1460-62.
P.258 L.1「体内のテストステロン濃度は、…」: W. J. Bremner et al., “Loss of Circadian Rhythmicity
in Blood Testosterone Levels with Aging in Normal Men,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology andMetabolism 56, no. 6 (1983): 1278-81.
P.258 L.6「…筋肉量を増加させる。」: Fred Sattler et al., “Testosterone and Growth Hormone Improve
Body Composition and Muscle Performance in Older Men,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology

and Metabolism 94, no. 6 (2009): 1991-2001.
P.258 L.8「体内で生成される…」: Dr. Alexander Pastuszak, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.258 L.12「…避妊効果は期待できない。」: A. M. Matsumoto, “Effects of Chronic Testosterone
Administration in Normal Men: Safety and Efficacy of High Dosage Testosterone and Parallel
Dose- Dependent Suppression of Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle-Stimulating Hormone, andSperm Production,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 70, no. 1 (1990): 282-87.
P.258 L.15「腹部の脂肪量が減少した」: L. Frederiksen et al., “Testosterone Therapy Decreases
Subcutaneous Fat and Adiponectin in Aging Men,” European Journal of Endocrinology 166, no.
3 (2012): 469-76.
P.259 L.5 「 脳 梗 塞 や 血 栓 を 発 症 」 : Shehzad Basaria et al., “Adverse Events Associated with
Testosterone Administration,” New England Journal of Medicine 363, no. 2 (2010): 109-22;
Shehzad Basaria et al., “Effects of Testosterone Administration for 3 Years on SubclinicalAtherosclerosis Progression in Older Men with Low or Low-Normal Testosterone Levels: A
Randomized Clinical Trial,” Journal of the American Medical Association 314, no. 6 (2015):
570-81.
P.259 L.11「これまで行われていた研究のほとんどは、…」: P. J. Snyder et al., “Effects of Testosterone
Treatment in Older Men,” New England Journal of Medicine 374, no. 7 (2016): 611-24.
P.259 L.13「テストステロン濃度が正常範囲の男性に、…」: Felicitas Buena et al., “Sexual Function
Does Not Change when Serum Testosterone Levels Are Pharmacologically Varied within theNormal Male Range,” Fertility and Sterility 59, no. 5 (1993): 1118-23; Christina Wang et al.,22

“Transdermal Testosterone Gel Improves Sexual Function, Mood, Muscle Strength, and Body
Composition Parameters in Hypogonadal Men,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology andMetabolism 85, no. 8 (2000): 2839-53.
P.260 L.2「テストステロンが正常範囲だと、…」: Dr. Shalender Bhasin, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.260 L.2「研究成果」: Darius Paduch et al., “Testosterone Replacement in Androgen-Deficient Men
With Ejaculatory Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial,” Journal of Clinical

Endocrinology and Metabolism 100, no. 8 (2015): 2956-62; Snyder et al., “Effects of
Testosterone Treatment in Older Men.”
P.260 L.5「JAMA に掲載された論文」: S. M. Resnick et al., “Testosterone Treatment and Cognitive
Function in Older Men With Low Testosterone and Age-Associated Memory Impairment,”

Journal of the American Medical Association 317, no. 7 (2017): 717-27.
P.260 L.11「ジョエル・フィンケルスタイン」: Joel S. Finkelstein et al., “Gonadal Steroids and Body
Composition, Strength, and Sexual Function in Men,” New England Journal of Medicine 369,
no. 11 (2013): 1011-22.
P.261 L.3「PATH」: Partnership for the Accurate Testing of Hormones, “PATH Fact Sheet: The
Importance of Accurate Hormone Tests,” Endocrine Society, Washington DC, 2017.
P.261 L.7「これは 1900 年代に…」: Eder, “The Birth of Gender,” 83.
P.262 L.2「なんらかの理由で、…」: Dr. Mohit Khera, 著者によるインタビュー. Mohit Khera et al.,“Adult- Onset Hypogonadism,” Mayo Clinic Proceedings 91, no. 7 (2016): 908-26. Mohit Khera,“Male Hormones and Men’s Quality of Life,” Current Opinion in Urology 26, no. 2 (2016): 15257.
P.263 L.12「アンチエイジング業界を非難する記事」: Natasha Singer, “Selling That New-Man
Feeling,” New York Times, November 23, 2013; Sky Chadde, “How the Low T Industry Is
Cashing in on Dubious, and Perhaps Dangerous, Science,” Dallas Observer, November 12,
2014; Sarah Varney, “Testosterone, The Biggest Men’s Health Craze Since Viagra, May Be
Risky,” Shots: Health News from NPR, April 28, 2014, http://www.npr.org/sections/healthshots/2014/04/28/305658501/prescription-testosterone-the-biggest-men-s-health-crazesince-viagra-may-be-ris.
P.265 L.4「米国内分泌学会認定の専門医になるためには、…」: Rona Schwarzberg, educational
advisor at the American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine, 著者によるインタビュー.
https://www.a4m.com/certification-in-metabolic-and-nutritional-medicine.html.
P.266 L.2「アンチエイジング産業の人びとは、…」: Weintraub, Selling the Fountain of Youth.
23

P.266 L.11「二つの相反する意見」: Adriane Fugh-Berman, “Should Family Physicians Screen for
Testosterone Deficiency in Men? No: Screening May Be Harmful, and Benefits Are Unproven”

American Family Physician 91, no. 4 (2015): 227-28; J. J. Heidelbaugh, “Should Family
Physicians Screen for Testosterone Deficiency in Men? Yes: Screening for Testosterone
Deficiency Is Worthwhile for Most Older Men,” American Family Physician 91, no. 4 (2015):
220-21.
P.267 L.1「……製薬企業を訴えた。」: Arlene Weintraub, “What’s Next for the Thousands ofAngry Men Suing Over Testosterone?,” Forbes online, April 6, 2015,
http://www.forbes.com/sites/arleneweintraub/2015/04/06/whats-next-for-the-thousands-ofangry-men-suing-over-testosterone/#7cd2401f4833 ; Arlene Weintraub, “AbbVie Challenges
Fairness of Upcoming Testosterone Trials,” Forbes online, August 17, 2015,
https://www.forbes.com/sites/arleneweintraub/2015/08/17/abbvie-challenges-fairness-ofupcoming-testosterone-trials/?sh=6bdda7f83901 ; Arlene Weintraub, “Testosterone Suits
Soar Past 2,500 as Legal Milestone Looms for AbbVie,” Forbes online, October 30, 2015,
https://www.forbes.com/sites/arleneweintraub/2015/10/30/testosterone-suits-soar-past2500-as-legal-milestone-looms-for-abbvie/?sh=4a1e9eb11199 ; Arlene Weintraub, “Why All
Those Testosterone Ads Constitute Disease Mongering,” Forbes online, March 24, 2015,
http://www.forbes.com/sites/arleneweintraub/2015/03/24/why-all-those-testosterone-adsconstitute-disease-mongering/#629d9d585853.
P.267 L.12「…判決を下した。」: Lisa Schencker, “AbbVie Must Pay $150 Million over
Testosterone Drug, Jury Decides,” Chicago Tribune, July 24, 2017,
http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-abbvie-androgel-decision-0725-biz-20170724story.html.
P.268 L.8「ただただショックを受けた。…」: Dr. Peter Klopfer, 著者によるインタビュー.

１３章

オキシトシン：これぞ愛の感覚

P.273 L.13 「 正 直 に 言 っ て 、 … 」 : John G. Simmons, “Henry Dale: Discovering the First
Neurotransmitter,” chapter in Doctors and Discoveries: Lives that Created Today’s Medicine(Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2002), 238-427.
P.275 ＊1「1936 年ノーベル化学賞」: H. O. Schild, “Dale and the Development of Pharmacology:
Lecture given at Sir Henry Dale Centennial Symposium, Cambridge, 17-19 September 1975,”24

British Journal of Pharmacology 120, Suppl. 1 (1997): 504-8;
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1936/dale/biographical/
P.275 L.3「脳下垂体（漏斗部）による…」: Sir Henry Dale, “On Some Physiological Aspects of
Ergot,” Journal of Physiology 34, no. 3 (1906):163-206.
P.275 L.14「編集長へ宛てたレター」: Mavis Gunther, “The Posterior Pituitary and Labour,” letter tothe editor, British Medical Journal 1948, no. 1: 567.
P.276 L.18「ピーター・クロプファが取り組んだヤギの研究」: Peter H. Klopfer, “Mother Love: What
Turns It On? Studies of Maternal Arousal and Attachment in Ungulates May Have Implicationsfor Man,” American Scientist 59, no. 4 (1971): 404-7.
P.277 L.18「母子の絆に関する研究」: David Gubernick and Peter H. Klopfer, eds., Parental Care in

Mammals (New York: Plenum Press, 1981).
P.279 L.1「風船のような奇妙な装置」: Klopfer, “Mother Love.”P.279 L.9「ケンブリッジ大学のチームによって…」: E. B. Keverne et al., “Vaginal Stimulation: An
Important Determinant of Maternal Bonding in Sheep,” Science 219, no. 4580 (1983): 81-83.
P.280 L.4「…オキシトシン研究の専門家となった。」: M. L. Boccia et al., “Immunohistochemical
Localization of Oxytocin Receptors in Human Brain,” Neuroscience 253 (2013): 155-64; Cort
Pedersen et al., “Intranasal Oxytocin Blocks Alcohol Withdrawal in Human Subjects,”

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 37, no. 3 (2013): 484-89; Cort A. Pedersen,
Oxytocin in Maternal, Sexual and Social Behaviors (New York: New York Academy of Sciences,
1992).
P.280 L.14「…乳首を露出させた。」: Dr. Cort Pedersen, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.280 L.18「さらなる研究では、…」: C. A. Pedersen et al., “Oxytocin Antiserum Delays Onset of
Ovarian Steroid- Induced Maternal Behavior,” Neuropeptides 6, no. 2 (1985): 175-82; E. van
Leengoed, E. Kerker, and H. H. Swanson, “Inhibition of Postpartum Maternal Behavior in the
Rat by Injecting an Oxytocin Antagonist into the Cerebral Ventricles,” Journal of Endocrinology
112, no. 2 (1987): 275-82.
P.281 L.3「…おとなしくしていた。」: Pedersen, Oxytocin in Maternal, Sexual and Social Behaviors.
P.281 L.6「…向上させないと結論された。」: D. M. Witt et al., “Enhanced Social Interactions in Rats
Following Chronic, Centrally Infused Oxytocin,” Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 43,
no. 3 (1992): 855-61.
P.281 L.12「スー・カーター所長」: C. S. Carter and L. L. Getz, “Monogamy and the Prairie Vole,”

Scientific American 268, no. 6 (1993): 100-6.
25

P.282 L.6「…を発見した。」: M. S. Carmichael et al., “Plasma Oxytocin Increases in the Human Sexual
Response,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 64, no. 1 (1987): 27-31.
P.282 L.13「オキシトシンが母親に…」: C. S. Carter, Hormones and Sexual Behavior (Stroudsburg,
PA: Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, 1974).
P.282 L.14「実際ほかの研究では、…」: A. S. McNeilly et al., “Release of Oxytocin and Prolactin in
Response to Suckling,” British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition) 286, no. 6361
(1983): 257-59.
P.282 L.18「この実験結果は、…」: M. M. Kosfeld et al., “Oxytocin Increases Trust in Humans,” Nature
435, no. 7042 (2005): 673-76.
P.284 L.2「”道徳的分子“」: P. J. Zak, The Moral Molecule: How Trust Works (New York: Plume,2013); V. Noot, 35 Tips for a Happy Brain: How to Boost Your Oxytocin, Dopamine, Endorphins,

and Serotonin (CreateSpace, 2015).
P.284 L.14「オキシトシンは、…」: Paul. J. Zak, “Why Love Sometimes Sucks,” Huffington Post,
December 5, 2012, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-j-zak/why-love-sometimessucks_b_1504253.html.
P.285 L.11「我々には、…」: Ed Yong, “The Weak Science Behind the Wrongly Named Moral Molecule,”

Atlantic, November 13, 2015.
P.286 L.2「プレーリーハタネズミの…」: Gideon Nave, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.287 L.5「わたしたちの専門分野で…」: Hans Lisser to Dr. Cushing, July 19, 1921.
P.287 L.15「オキシトシンに関する研究」: B. J. Marlin et al., “Oxytocin Enables Maternal Behaviour
by Balancing Cortical Inhibition,” Nature 520, no. 7548 (2015): 499-504; Helen Shen,“Neuroscience: The Hard Science of Oxytocin,” Nature 522, no. 7557 (2015): 410-12; Marina
Eliava et al., “A New Population of Parvocellular Oxytocin Neurons Controlling Magnocellular
Neuron Activity and Inflammatory Pain Processing,” Neuron 89, no. 6 (2016): 1291-1304.
P.287 L.16「彼らは、脳内の…」: Michael Numan and Larry J. Young, “Neural Mechanisms of MotherInfant Bonding and Pair Bonding: Similarities, Differences, and Broader Implications,”

Hormones and Behavior 77 (2016): 98-112; Shen, “Neuroscience: The Hard Science of
Oxytocin.”
P.287 L.18「フロムケの研究は、…」: McNeilly et al., “Release of Oxytocin and Prolactin in Response
to Suckling.”
P.290 L.3「期待できる手掛かり」: Robert C. Liu, “Sensory Systems: The Yin and Yang of Cortical
Oxytocin,” Nature 520, no. 7548 (2015): 444-45.
26

１４章

性転換

P.292 L.14「世界的な調査から、…」: Sari L. Reisner et al., “Global Health Burden and Needs ofTransgender Populations: A Review,” Lancet 388, no. 10042 (2016): 412-36.
P.292 L.15「米国内には、140 万人のトランスジェンダーがいる」:
https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/trans-adults-united-states/.
P.293 L.2「この調査結果は、…」: As well as the books mentioned above: Deirdre W. McCloskey,

Crossing: A Memoir (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999); Max Wolf Valerio, The
Testosterone Files (Berkeley, CA: Seal Press: 2006); Jamison Green, Becoming a Visible Man(Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 2004). Documentaries include Gender Revolution: A

Journey with Katie Couric, National Geographic, 2017. Articles include Rachel Rabkin
Peachman, “Raising a Transgender Child,” New York Times Magazine, January 31, 2017, andHannah Rosin, “A Boy’s Life,” Atlantic, November 2008. See also Jill Soloway’s television series

Transparent.
P.293 L.10 「 20 世 紀 初 頭 の 形 成 外 科 の … 」 : Felix Abraham, “Genitalumwandlungen an zwei
männlichen Transvestiten,” Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualpolitik 18 (1931): 22326, describes operations at the Institute for Sexual Science, founded by Magnus Hirchfield, anddescribed in Meyerowitz, How Sex Changed. The story of Danish painter Lili Elbe was told in
the 2015 film The Danish Girl.
P.294 L.1「当時と現在の大きなちがいは、…」: Wylie C. Hembree et al., “Endocrine Treatment ofGender-Dysphoric/Gender-Incongruent Persons: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice
Guideline,” Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 102, no. 11 (2017): 3869-903.
P.294 L.6「元米軍兵士はブロンドの美女になった」: New York Daily News, December 1, 1952.
P.294 L.18「女性らしくなるためには、…」: Jorgensen, Christine Jorgensen, 72.
P.295 L.18「シカゴ・デイリー・トリビューン紙の一面」: “Surgery Makes Him a Woman,” Chicago

Daily Tribune, December 1, 1952.
P.296 L.3「球技よりも編み物が…」: United Press, “My Dear, Did You Hear About My Operation?”

Austin Statesman, December 2, 1952.
P.296 L.6「ロスでずっこけてから、…」: Jorgensen, Christine Jorgensen, 218.
P.296 L.13「『トランスセクシュアルの事実』」: Dr. Harry Benjamin, The Transsexual Phenomenon(New York: Julian Press, 1966).
P.297 L.1「トランスセクシャリズムの…」: Harry Benjamin, introduction to Jorgensen, Christine27

Jorgensen, x.
P.298 L.14「マネーが提唱した仮説」: see chapter 7, p. 114.
P.299 L.1「動物を用いたさまざまな研究から、…」: Leslie Henderson, PhD, and Dr. Joshua Safer,author interviews. See also Margaret M. McCarthy and A. P. Arnold, “Reframing Sexual
Differentiation of the Brain,” Nature Neuroscience 14, no. 6 (2011): 677-83; S. A. Berenbaumand A. M. Beltz, “Sexual Differentiation of Human Behavior: Effects of Prenatal and Pubertal
Organizational Hormones,” Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 32, no. 2 (2011): 183-200; I. Savic,
A. Garcia-Falgueras, and D. F. Swaab, “Sexual Differentiation of the Human Brain in Relation
to Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation,” Progress in Brain Research 186 (2010): 41-62; andElke Stefanie Smith et al., “The Transsexual Brain—A Review of Findings on the Neural Basisof Transsexualism,” Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 59 (2015): 251-66.
P.299 L.2「1959 年、…」: Charles Phoenix et al., “Organizing Action of Prenatally Administered
Testosterone Propionate on the Tissues Mediating Mating Behavior in the Female Guinea Pig,”

Endocrinology 65 (1959): 369-82, reprinted in Hormonal Behavior 55, no. 5 (2009): 566.
P.299 L.9「人びとは、もちろん一部の…」: Leslie Henderson, PhD, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.299 L.17「げっ歯類を用いた研究では、…」: For a thorough recent review see Margaret M. McCarthy,“Multifaceted Origins of Sex Differences in the Brain,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal

Society B 371, no. 1688 (2016).
P.300 L.14「脳には、性を…」: Dr. Joshua Safer, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.305 L.18「ホルモン療法の副作用には、注意を払う必要がある。」: 同上. On the influence ofhormone treatment on serotonin receptors, which may influence depression, see G. S. Kranz etal., “High-Dose Testosterone Treatment Increases Serotonin Transporter Binding inTransgender People,” Biological Psychiatry 78, no. 8 (2015): 525-33. On the impact of hormone
therapy on transgender patients, see Cécile A. Unger, “Hormone Therapy for Transgender
Patients,” Translational Andrology and Urology 5, no. 6 (2016): 877-84.
P.306 L.9「最新の米国内分泌学会の治療ガイドライン」: Hembree et al., “Endocrine Treatment ofGender-Dysphoric/Gender-Incongruent Persons.”
P.309 L.8「トランスジェンダーの 40％以上が…」: 同上.; Ann P. Haas, PhD, et al., “Suicide
Attempts Among Transgender and Gender Non-Conforming Adults,” Williams Institute,
https://williamsinstitute.law.ucla.edu/publications/suicidality-transgender-adults/.

１５章

飽くなき欲求：視床下部と肥満28

P.312 L.1「ラットは嘔吐しない」: Ruth B. S. Harris, “Is Leptin the Parabiotic ‘Satiety’ Factor?
Past and Present Interpretations,” Appetite 61, no. 1 (2013): 111-18. さらに詳細を知りたい場
合 は Charles C. Horn et al., “Why Can’t Rodents Vomit? A Comparative Behavioral,
Anatomical, and Physiological Study,” PLOS One, April 10, 2013.
P.312 L.9「…風変わりな実験を行った。」: G. R. Hervey, “The Effects of Lesions in the Hypothalamus
in Parabiotic Rats,” Journal of Physiology 145, no. 2 (1959): 336-52; G. R. Hervey, “Control ofAppetite: Personal and Departmental Recollections,” Appetite 61, no. 1 (2013): 100-10.
P.314 L.2「満腹ホルモンの招待を探し求める研究」: Ellen Rupel Shell, The Hungry Gene: The Inside

Story of the Obesity Epidemic (New York: Grove Press, 2003); “Douglas Coleman: Obituary,”
Daily Telegraph, April 17, 2014.
P.315 L.2「コレシストキニン」: E. Straus and R. S. Yalow, “Cholecystokinin in the Brains of Obeseand Nonobese Mice,” Science 203, no. 4375 (1979): 68-69.
P.315 L.4「…が証明された。」: B. S. Schneider et al., “Brain Cholecystokinin and Nutritional Status
in Rats and Mice,” Journal of Clinical Investigation 64, no. 5 (1979): 1348-56.
P.315 L.13「…満腹ホルモン遺伝子を発見した。」: Y. Zhang et al., “Positional Cloning of the Mouse
Obese Gene and Its Human Homologue,” Nature 372, no. 6505 (1994): 425-32.
P.316 L.5「脂肪細胞が…」: Dr. Rudy Leibel, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.316 L.10「レプチン自体の発見だった。」: Tom Wilkie, “Genes, Not Greed, Make You Fat,”

Independent, December 1, 1994; Natalie Angier, “Researchers Link Obesity in Humans to Flaw
in a Gene,” New York Times, December 1, 1994.
P.317 L.3「これらすべての…」: Dr. Jeffrey Friedman, 著者によるインタビュー.
P.318 L.18「研究成果」: L. G. Hersoug et al., “A Proposed Potential Role for Increasing Atmospheric
CO2 as a Promoter of Weight Gain and Obesity,” Nutrition and Diabetes 2, no. 3 (2012): e31.
P.319 L.2「現在、内分泌学者たちは、…」: Anthony P. Coll et al., “The Hormonal Control of Food
Intake,” Cell 129, no. 2 (2007): 251-62.
P.319 L.6「ある種の腸内細菌は、…」:13253 Dorien Reijnders et al., “Effects of Gut Microbiota
Manipulation by Antibiotics on Host Metabolism in Obese Humans: A Randomized DoubleBlind Placebo-Controlled Trial,” Cell Metabolism 24, no. 1 (2016): 63-74.
P.319 L.11「研究成果」: Ilseung Cho and Martin J. Blaser, “The Human Microbiome: At the Interfaceof Health and Disease,” Nature Reviews Genetics 13, no. 4 (2012): 260-70; Torsten P. M.
Scheithauer et al., “Causality of Small and Large Intestinal Microbiota in Weight Regulation andInsulin Resistance,” Molecular Metabolism 5, no. 9 (2016): 759-70.
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P.319 L.13「大気汚染」: Y. Wei et al., “Chronic Exposure to Air Pollution Particles Increases the Risk
of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: Findings from a Natural Experiment in Beijing,” FASEBJournal 30, no. 6 (2016): 2115-22.
P.319 L.13「工業用化学物質」: G. Muscogiuri et al., “Obesogenic Endocrine Disruptors andObesity: Myths and Truths,” Archives of Toxicology, October 3, 2017,https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-017-2071-1; K. A. Thayer, J. J. Heindel, J. R. Bucher, and M.
A. Gallo, “Role of Environmental Chemicals in Diabetes and Obesity: A National Toxicology
Program Workshop Review,” Environmental Health Perspectives 120 (2012): 779-89.
P.319 L.18「胃切除手術」: Valentina Tremaroli et al., “Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Vertical Banded
Gastroplasty Induce Long-Term Changes on the Human Gut Microbiome Contributing to Fat
Mass Regulation,” Cell Metabolism 22, no. 2 (2015): 228-38.
P.320 L.12「カロリーを 消費する効率が落ちたり、…」: Wendee Holtcamp, “Obesogens: An
Environmental Link to Obesity,” Environmental Health Perspectives 120, no. 2 (2012): a62a68; David Epstein, “Do These Chemicals Make Me Look Fat?” ProPublica, October 11, 2013;
Jerrold Heindel, “Endocrine Disruptors and the Obesity Epidemic,” Toxicological Sciences 76,
no. 2 (2003): 247-49.
P.320 L.17「…肥満化しているのかもしれない。」: Yann C. Klimentidis et al., “Canaries in the Coal
Mine: A Cross- Species Analysis of the Plurality of Obesity Epidemics,” Proceedings of the Royal

Society B: Biological Sciences, 2010, doi: 10.1098/rspb.2010.1890.

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