The Japan-Africa
Business Forum 2014
Tokyo, June 10 – 11, 2014

THE GRAND INGA PROJECT
presented byConrad IBALANKY EBU LEY
Director - Studies, Planning
Norms and Standards Department

Société Nationale d’Electricité (SNEL sarl) - www.snel.cd

TABLE OF CONTENT•••••••••••••DR Congo and Inga site
Hydroelectric potential
National power grid by 2035
History of the site development studies
2013 feasibility study : main results
Development scheme
Inga 3 channels vs open channel : main findingsof the comparison
Main aspects of the new phased development
Demand components
Inga 3 power plant
Progressive development of Grand Inga
Impacts of Inga 3-LH
Power highways from Inga site

DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO AND INGA SITE

Kinshasa

TshelaINGA
Mbanza-Ngungu
MatadiMoandaBoma

HYDROELECTRIC POTENTIAL 

10Bosobolo

 Mobayi

Zongo

Libenge

LegendWater falls or rapids
Existing SNEL power plants
Existing private power plants

Site
01 Grand Inga
02 Inga IX
03 Matadi
04 Pioka
05 Zongo II
06 Kitona
07 Bamba
08 Kakobola
09 Ruki
10 Mobayi II
11 Lepudungu
12 Nepoko
13 Bengamisa
14 Babeba
15 Tshopo II
16 Kisangani
17 Wagenia
18 Wanie Rukula
19 Semliki
20 Ruwenzori I
21 Ruwenzori II
22 Kisalala
23 Muhuma
24 Mugomba
25 Rutshuru
26 Ngingwe
27 Binza
28 Osso
29 Panzi
30 Sisi
31 Kamanyola
32 Kiliba
33 Ulindi
34 Mwenga
35 Kamimbi
36 Kibombo
37 Kitete
38 Mwanangoye
39 Portes d’Enfer
40 Kyimbi II
41 Piana Mwanga II
42 Sombwe
43 Kiubo
44 Mambilima I
45 Mambilima IIKungu

Main cities
Other towns

BomongoPotential(MW)
43.8001.500
12.00022.000150
121210,55,3
17,5313415
20 - 5017460
20 - 50
530 - 688
28667,525
40435342205
240 - 390
1530
9,5141321
46
36
25,88,4186
66
124
201

YahumaBefaleMbandaka

1112

Bokungu

IngendeOpala

BikoroKiri

Monkoto

Zongo
TshelaLuozi

Kinshasa

Seke 04 05 Sanga
Banza
Lukula02
01 Inga I-II
MbanzaNgungu
03
MoandaMpozo
KimvulaBomaMatadi

 



Kenge

Masimanimba

Bulungu

Gondi



06

Kikwit07

Popokabaka
Feshi
Kasongo LundaKole

08

Kasanza

Ilebo

PiopioTshikaji 58

Dimbelenge
Mbuji Mayi

Site
46 Mambilima V
47 Mumbotuta M48 Mumbotuta CX
49 Nzilo II
50 Busanga
51 Kalengwe
52 Kimimbi/Fuka
53 Delporte
54 Tshilomba
55 Lubilanji II bis
56 Tshala II
57 Gd Katende
58 Katende/Bombo
59 Tshikapa
60 Lukenie

418
210
300
120
240
204
153
534,2
1264
1064 - 1283



Kyimbi40

KalemieNyunzu
ManonoMoba

KabongoKilubi

Piana Mwanga
Mitwaba

5251Sandoa

5049

Kisenge

DiloloKolwezi

Moba

41

Malemba Nkulu

42

KaminaBukamaPweto

Mitwaba43

Dikolongo

Lubudi

KaluleNsekeNzilo

Koni

Likasi
Kipushi

SOCIETENATIONALE
D’ELECTRICITE sarl

30
3133
Gombo
32
34
Uvira

MwengaKongolo

Kapanga

53

I Ruzizi
29Ruzizi II (SINELAC)

Fizi

Kabalo

Mani

Tembo

Potential(MW)KabareBukavuWalungu

39

KabindaTshala56
Lubilanji I-II
57
55
KazumbaGandajika
Tshimbulu
59
Mwene 54
Ditu
Luiza
Kaniama

Tshikapa

Ruanguba

GomaMokotos

Mangembe

Lubao

Kananga

23 Lubero24
26, 2725
Rutshuru

Masisi28
KaleheMungombe
Kampene

38

Demba

Gungu

Lutunguru

Kasongo37

Luebo

IdiofaLubefuLusambo

Mweka

Shabunda

35 Pangi
Kibombo36

Lodja

LungudiKahemba

Kindu

Katako Kombe

60

Oshwe

Moga

Lutshurukuru I et II

MushieBagataLulingu

Ambwe

Lomela

Kutu



21

Belia

Punia

Dekese22Butembo

Nyabiondo

InongoBandundu

BudanaWalikale

Ikela

Kasenga

Mwadingusha

44
45
46

Lubumbashi
47 48
Sakania

Kilomètres
0

100

200

300

400

Bunia

ButuheLubutuUbundu

Irumu

Beni 19 20

BoendeSoleniama I et II

Mambasa

13
Bafwasende
1415
Tshopo16
17
Kisangani
18 Wanie-Rukula

Isangi

Djolu

Mahagi
Djugu

Wamba

BasokoBasankusu

 09

Buta

Aru
Watsa

Isiro

BanaliaBongandanga

Bolomba

Rungu
PokoBumba

LisalaBudjalaM’zoroDungu

Bambesa
Aketi

FaradjeNiangara

DingilaBusinga

Zulu-Karawa

07 Studied hydroelectric projectGemena

Ango

Bondo

Gbadolite

500Le Caire(Egypte)(RCA)

Bangui
(RCA)

Zongo

Mobayi

Bosobolo

NATIONAL POWER GRID
BY 2035

Gbadolite

ZuluGemena Karawa

Libenge

YakomaBudjalaBasankusu
Bolomba

Befale,IngendeBikoroBokungu

Ikela

MonkotoInongoMushieBrazzaville(Congo)Kinshasa
Zongo
II
Pointe Noire
Zongo(Congo)TshelaLuozi
SekeSanga
Banza
Cabinda Lukula
Inga I-IIMbanza(Angola)
KimvulaNgunguMoandaBoma Matadi Mpozo
Grand Inga

Maquela do Zombo(Angola)LomelaKutu
DekeseBandundu
BagataBulungu

KikwitKenge
KitonaPopokabaka Bamba

Lodja

Kole

Katakokombe

PiopioLuebo

Kakobola
Gungu

Shakahamba

Demba
Kananga

LungudiKahemba

KibomboBafwasendePangi Mungombe

KampeneLubao

KazumbaLuiza

MweneDitu

Kaniama
Luba
Kapanga

Kilubi

KilibaFizi

Kongolo

KabindaKabaloTshalaMani
Lubilanji I-II
AnkoroGandajika
KabongoTshilomba

Uvira

Mangembe

KasongoMbuji Mayi

Tembo

Luanda(Angola)Kamimbi

Dimbelenge

KatendeTshikapa

Bengamisa
Tshopo 2

LubefuLusambo

Mweka

IdiofaFeshi Kasanza

Tembo

Lukenie

Oshwe

Djugu
Soleniama I-II
Irumu
Bunia

BudanaNkendaBeni(Ouganda)
ButuheSemliki
Kisalala
Wanie-Rukula
LuberoButembo
Lutunguru
Opala
LubutuUbunduMugomba
KilimaNyabiondo
Rutshuru
Punia
Ruanguba
MasisiWalikale
KataleBelia
Goma
KaleheLulingu Katana
Ambwe Moga
KabareRuzizi I
BukavuRuzizi II,III,IV (EGL)
Lutshurukuru I-II Kalima
Walungu
Shabunda
Gombo
Kindu
MwengaTshopoKisangani

Ilebo

Masimanimba

Kasongo-Lunda

Isangi

Djolu

BoendeKiri

YahumaKyimbiNyunzuKalemie
ManonoMoba
Moba
Piana Mwanga

Malemba-Nkulu
Pweto
Mitwaba
KibulaMitwaba
Kimimbi-Fuka Sombwe
BukamaKalengwe
Luena Dikolongo
Kiubo
Mambilima IBusanga
Mambilima II
Kalule Lubudi
Nseke
Kasenga
Koni
Nzilo 2
Nzilo Fungurume

KaminaLEGEND
SandoaKnown hydroelectric site
Existing

SOCIETENATIONALE
D’ELECTRICITE sarl

Planned
SNEL hydroelectric power plant

400 kV transmission line

Private hydroelectric power plant

220 kV transmission lineThermal power plant

132 kV transmission line

HV transmission line
Interconnector
AC substation
Convertor station
Switching station

DiloloKisenge

KolweziInterconnector

Lubumbashi
KipushiMusoshi Mumbotuta CX
Kasumbalesa
Mokambo

Kilometer
100200300

Mwadingusha

Tenke
Kambove Likasi

Substation
Under construction
Hydroelectric power plant
400 kV transmission line
220 kV transmission line 0Aru
Mahagi

MambasaBanalia

BasokoBongandanga

Watsa

Wamba

NepokoBumba

MbandakaCalabar(Nigeria)

Lepudungu

Buta

Bomongo

Rungu
IsiroPoko

LisalaM’zoroDungu

Bambesa

BusingaFaradje

Niangara

Dingila

Aketi

Kungu

NiokiAngo

Bondo

400500

Witkop(RSA)

Sakania
Mitchelo/Ndola(Zambie)

HISTORY OF THE SITE DEVELOPMENT STUDIES1955

HISTORY OF THE SITE DEVELOPMENT STUDIES1957

HISTORY OF THE SITE DEVELOPMENT STUDIESGEOLOGY

Tunnel in greenstone for geologicalsurveys excavated in 1957
BUNDI DAM in BCR
POWER PLANT

GREEN STONEWEST

EAST

Observation Tunnel
Excavated in 1957
Visited in 201255 years later

HISTORY OF THE SITE DEVELOPMENT STUDIES1960

HISTORY OF THE SITE DEVELOPMENT STUDIES1971

HISTORY OF THE SITE DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

1974

2013 FEASIBILITY STUDY : MAIN RESULTS
A new approach is proposed, making the developmentof the Grand Inga possible in the very short term:••••

Innovative, flexible and economical staging identified
Each phase as small as 7,000 MW at competitive
costs
Phase size can be adjusted to adapt to planned
demand and export opportunities
Inga 3 becomes a simpler first phase, with no closureof the Congo River and no tunnels, using an openchannel

DEVELOPMENT SCHEME

Inga Site
Average flow: 41,000 m3/s
100 m head

Inga 1 (351 MW)
Inga 2 (1 424 MW)

DEVELOPMENT SCHEME

Inga 3 Low Head
Transfer Channel
Bundi Valley Dam
Inga 3 Power house
P max : 2,500 – 5,000 MW
Q max : 3,500 – 7,000 m3/s

DEVELOPMENT SCHEME

Inga 3 Low HeadReservoir Filling
Upstream Water Level: 145 - 170m

DEVELOPMENT SCHEME

Inga 3 High HeadRiver Closure Dam
Spillways and Dikes
Raising Bundi Dam
Head +50%
No New Power house
P Inga 3 HH : up to 8,000 MW

DEVELOPMENT SCHEME

Inga 3 High HeadReservoir Filling
Upstream Water Level: 202 – 205 mINGA 3 TUNNELS VS OPEN CHANNEL –MAIN FINDINGS OF THE COMPARISON :Major risks associated with underground works• More than 60 km of very large tunnels• Construction delays and costs overrun to be
anticipated
All INGA 3 alternatives located downstream from the future
Grand Inga do not allow the optimal development of the site
• Uses large flows that will not make use of the full headonce the Grand Inga dam is built• Put constraints on the future development of GrandInga, in terms of water usage, land use, etc.

MAIN ASPECTS OF THE NEW PHASED DEVELOPMENT• New Inga 3 LH with open channel is the first phaseof the integrated phased approach of Grand Inga
• Size of Inga 3 LH adaptable to confirmed offtakes,and could start as a national project, and later upgrade
to a regional project scope• Preliminary analysis proposed Inga 3-LH
to be 4,800 MW (to be confirmed based on maximum
capacity of river intake)DEMAND COMPONENTS
1ST DEMAND COMPONENT OF A PHASED DEVELOPMENT
OF INGA 3 LH : INTERNAL (DRC) DEMAND ONLY
2,000 to 2,300 MW for DRC including mining industryneeds in 2020
• Internal increase in demand or limited exports• Line losses below 5%
 Opportunity for electro-intensive industries in a Special
Economic Zone (SEZ) to benefit from Inga competitiveenergy .
• Total requirements for first development step approximately@ 2,300 MW

DEMAND COMPONENTS
2ND DEMAND COMPONENT IN PHASED DEVELOPMENT
OF INGA 3 LH : INTERNATIONAL EXPORTS–RSA (size of exports 2500 MW )–Line losses to be included (~below 5%)
 Total international requirements 2500 MW…

INGA 3 POWER PLANTINGA 3 POWER PLANTHigh Head dam
Low Head dam

INGA 3 POWER PLANT
INGA 3 – LOW HEAD From 4 to 12 units, 2,500 to 5,000 MW(maximum confirmed : 11)

 Integrating final development of Grand Inga when river dam
is built in the future Turbine-generators designed to operate at low and high head Bundi Dam and intake structures designed
to be raised in the future Construction costs (excluding Financing, inflation & IDC)
 2,600 MW, 4.1 billion $ 3,500 MW, 5.0 billion $ 4,800 MW, 6.2 billion $ (2,6 billion $ Channel/Dam/spillway+ 3,6 billion $ Power plant + 2,6 billion $ DC line Inga - Kolwezi) Construction schedule : 6 years for full commercial operation

INGA 3 POWER PLANT
INGA 3 – HIGH HEADMain dam on the Congo River built at maximumelevation (205 m)
Spillways, dikes and secondary dams built
Bundi Dam raised to maximum elevation
No new powerhouse, no equipment modification
Generation raised by 50% approx using
the same power plant

PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAND INGA
INGA 3 & INGA 443

PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAND INGA
INGA 3 TO INGA 5435PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAND INGA
INGA 3 TO INGA 66543PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAND INGA
INGA 3 TO INGA 764357PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAND INGA
INGA 3 TO INGA 8647538Inga 3 : 11 units - 7,942 MW
 LH : 5,456 MW
 HH : + 2,486 MW
Inga 4 : 8 units - 7,424 MW
Inga 5 : 8 units - 7,424 MW
Inga 6 : 8 units - 7,424 MW
Inga 7 : 8 units - 7,424 MW
Inga 8 : 8 units - 7,424 MWTotal : 51 units - 45,052 MW

PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAND INGA

Instaled capacity

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF THE INGA SITE

PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF GRAND INGAMain benefits :

To finally and rapidly start Grand Inga development
Flexibility to adapt to DRC and export demand patterns
Provide optimized generation costs at each stage
by levelling investments over time
Allow multiple public / private operators to share the site

IMPACTS OF INGA 3-LH
IMPACTS ON LAND USE● Very low footprint on land: <19 km²; <0.5 ha/MW● Favourable Land Use:

100% of the installations within SNEL concession
Few forest (2.6 km²) and cultivated zone (1.8 km²)
Biodiversity with no particular or exceptional character
No habitation affected
No involuntary population displacement
No infrastructure destruction
IMPACTS ON LAND USE VERY LIMITEDNumber of inhabitants to relocate/MWIMPACTS OF INGA 3-LH

INGA 3-LH

Occupied Hectares /MWIMPACTS OF INGA 3-LH
IMPACTS RELATED TO CONSTRUCTION● Spontaneous population: manageable risk
● Employment: Very positive, 6-7 years, estimated3,000 direct jobs in average and 7,000 at peak
● Regional Economy: Positive impacts regarding the growth ofpurchase power and derived jobs
● Water and Air Pollution: Manageable risk with good management● Public Safety: Low risk on roads and site, except forurban zones (5.7 km)● Camp Kinshasa: opportunity to solve the conflict related topromiscuity: 7,500 hab. en 2010, or 40,000 hab./km²● Recommendation to resettle the camp

POWER HIGHWAYS FROM INGA SITE
ALGERIA
LIBYA
EGYPT

MAURITANIA
MALI

NIGER
CHAD

GAMBIASIERRA LEONE

IVORY
COST

TOGOBENIN

GUINEAGHANA

BISSAU-GUINEADJIBOUTISUDAN

BURKINAFASONIGERIAETHIOPIACARCAMEROONLEGEND

EQU. GUINEA.

Interconnection projects
Towards North

SAO TOME &PRINCIPE

KENYA
GABON

R.
DR CONGOB.

INGA

TANZANIA

Towards North (alternative)
COMORES

Towards South (Eastern corridor)
Towards South (Western corridor)

ANGOLA

Towards West
ZIMBABWE Convertor station
Existing

BOTSWANANAMIBIA

PlannedSWAZILANDSOUTH AFRIICALESOTHOCONCLUSION

Site specific initial conditions very favourable
Hydrology greater than the needs
Negative Impacts identified are of low intensity
and manageable
Potential Social and Economic Positive Impacts