 ࠰ࡇிʮؕთ૙‫ܖٻ‬૙Ճᄂ̲˟

žǰȭȸȐȫ҄ƷɶưƷ૙ᏋƷឋƷӼɥſ ࠰  உ  ଐ ൦ Ყ
‫׎‬ᨥܳ૙ǻȳǿȸ᫾⅌⅌⇽∓⇖∏∆⅌⅌‒‒
㸷㸸㸮㸮㸫㸷㸸㸯㸮㛤఍♩ᣏ㸦ㄝᩍ⪅ ᑠᯘ㧗ᚨᏛ㛗㸧㸷㸸㸯㸮㸫㸯㸮㸸㸱㸮➨୍㒊ࠕእᅜㄒ࡟ࡼࡿᩍᤵἲࠖࣃࢿࣜࢫࢺఀ ⸨ ᫂ ⏕ ඛ ⏕ࢩ࣮ࣙࢺ ࣛࣥࢻࣝඛ⏕ຍ ⸨ ႐ அ ඛ ⏕ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥ
㸯㸮㸸㸱㸮㸫㸯㸮㸸㸲㸳 ࢥ࣮ࣄ࣮ࣈࣞ࢖ࢡ
㸯㸮㸸㸲㸳㸫㸯㸰㸸㸮㸮 ➨஧㒊ࠕⱥㄒຊྥୖࡢࡓࡵࡢከㄞከ⫈ࠖㅮᖌࢩ࣮ࣙࢺᩔᏊẶ㸯㸰㸸㸮㸮㸫㸯㸰㸸㸲㸳 ᫨㣗㸯㸱㸸㸱㸮㸫㸯㸳㸸㸲㸳 Ph.D.ࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮༤ኈㄢ⛬䛻ᅾ⡠䛧䛶䛔䜛Ꮫ⏕䠄4 ྡ䠅䛾୰㛫Ⓨ⾲఍䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹㻌㻌ศ㔝䛿䚸ᪧ⣙⚄Ꮫ(1 ྡ)䚸බඹဴᏛ(2 ྡ)䚸䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᩍ⫱(1 ྡ)䚹㻌㻌䛤⯆࿡䛾䛒䜛᪉䛿⮬⏤ཧຍ䛷䛩䛾䛷䚸䛤ฟᖍ䛟䛰䛥䛔䚹஦๓䛻㈨ᩱ䜢䝯䞊䝹䛻䛶㏦ಙ䛧䜎䛩䚹ȯȸǯǷȧȃȗ உ  ଐ ૙੉˟Ẑ൭ỜỤủỦʴ஬΂ẑỊؕᄽ‫ܖ‬щầЭ੩ἽὊἨἼἕἁ
ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫ㠃࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚࡚ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫ⛉୰⃝ ⚽୍1.▱㆑࣭⌮ゎᩘᏐ࡜ᩍ㣴⛉┠ࡣࠊ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓ᫬ࡢ฿㐩┠ᶆࡢ㈨㉁࡛ヱᙜࡍࡿ㈨㉁࣭⬟ຊ࣭ᑓᨷࡍࡿ≉ᐃࡢᏛၥศ㔝࡟࠾ࡅࡿᇶᮏⓗ࡞▱㆑ࢆయ⣔ⓗ࡟⌮ゎ㸦ከᩥ໬ࡢ␗ᩥ
໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑ࡢ⌮ゎ㸪ே㢮ࡢᩥ໬࣭♫఍࡜⮬↛࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑ࡢ⌮ゎ㸧ே㛫ࡢᩥ໬࡜≀㉁ⓗ࣭⮬↛ⓗୡ⏺࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑㸦knowledge of Human Cultures and the Physic-cal
and Natural World㸧࣭⛉Ꮫ࡜ᩘᏛ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࣭ேᩥᏛ࣭Ṕྐ㸦histories㸧࣭ゝㄒ(language)࠾ࡼࡧⱁ⾡ࡢᏛ⩦ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸦ࡇࢀࡽࡢ▱㆑ࡣ㸧⌧௦ⓗ࠿ࡘỌ⥆ⓗ࡞ࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ၥ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ୰࡛ぢฟࡉࢀࡿࠋ
2,3,4,6 ᩍ㣴⛉┠2.ỗ⏝ⓗᢏ⬟▱㆑࣭ᐇ㊶ⓗࢫ࢟ࣝ㸦Intellectual and Practical Skills㸧࣭▱ⓗάື࡛ࡶ⫋ᴗ⏕άࡸ ࣭᥈ồ࡜ศᯒ㸦Inquiry and creative thinking㸧8♫఍⏕ά࡛ࡶᚲせ࡞ᢏ⬟ ࣭ᢈุⓗ࣭๰㐀ⓗᛮ⪃㸦Critical and creative thinking㸧8㸦ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࢫ
࣭ᩥ❶࡜఍ヰ࡟ࡼࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㸦Written and oral communication㸧8,9,10
࢟ࣝ㸪ᩘ㔞ⓗࢫ࢟ࣝ㸪᝟ሗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸪ㄽ⌮ⓗᛮ⪃ຊ㸪࣭ᩘ㔞ⓗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸦Quantitative literacy㸧8࣭᝟ሗࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮㸦Information literacy㸧8ၥ㢟ゎỴຊ㸧

࣭ࢳ࣮࣒࣮࣡ࢡ࡜ၥ㢟ゎỴ㸦Teamwork and problem solving㸧5,7,8
㸦ࡇࢀࡽࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࡣࠊ㸧ࡼࡾ㞴ࡋ࠸ㄢ㢟ࡸࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡸᡂ⦼ᇶ‽࡟ẁ㝵ⓗ࡟ᣮᡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ὶࢀ
ࢆᣢࡗࡓ࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈ⠊࡟⩦ᚓࡉࢀࡿࠋ
3.ែᗘ࣭ᚿྥᛶ
⚾ⓗࠊ♫఍ⓗ㈐௵㸦Personal and Social Responsibility㸧௨ୗࢆྵࡴ
࣭⮬ᕫ⟶⌮ຊ㸪ࢳ࣮࣒࣮࣡ ࣭ᕷẸⓗ▱㆑࡜ཧຍ㸦ᆅᇦⓗ࠾ࡼࡧࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝⓗ㸸Civic knowledge and engagement local andࢡ࣭࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ㸪೔⌮ global㸧ᩍ㣴⛉┠ほ㸪ᕷẸ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ♫఍ⓗ㈐࣭␗ᩥ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱㆑࡜⬟ຊ㸦Intercultural knowledge and action 㸧ᩍ㣴⛉┠௵㸪⏕ᾭᏛ⩦ຊ࣭೔⌮ⓗ⌮ᛶ࡜⾜ື㸦Ethical reasoning and action㸧1,11࣭⏕ᾭᏛ⩦ࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏࡜ࢫ࢟ࣝ㸦Foundations and skills for lifelong learning㸧1㹼11(ࡇࢀࡽࡢ㈐௵ࡣࠊ)ከᵝ࡞ඹྠయࡸࠊ⌧ᐇୡ⏺ࡢㄢ㢟࡟ࠊ⬟ືⓗ࡟㛵୚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࠊ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
4.⤫ྜⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦⤒㦂࡜ ⤫ྜⓗᏛ⩦㸦Integrative Learning㸧௨ୗࢆྵࡴ
୍࣭⯡ⓗᏛ⩦࠾ࡼࡧᑓ㛛ⓗᏛ⩦ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓ⤫ྜ࡜㐍Ṍࡋࡓᡂᯝ㸦Synthesis and advanced๰㐀ⓗᛮ⪃ຊ
࣭⮬ࡽࡀ❧࡚ࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞ㄢ㢟 accomplishment across general and special-ized studies㸧8ࢆゎỴࡍࡿ⬟ຊ㸦ࡇࡢᏛ⩦ࡣࠊ㸧᪂ࡋ࠸≧ἣ࡜」㞧࡞ၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ▱㆑࡜ࢫ࢟ࣝ࠾ࡼࡧ㈐௵ࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
♧ࡉࢀࡿࠋẐἙỵἂἼὊἯἼἉὊẑ̬ᚰỉẺỜỉբ᫆ໜḩἙỵἂἼὊἯἼἉὊửЎ᫏ẴỦểὉὉὉṞྸᚐḵჷᜤỉ‫ܖ‬፼ửẲẺኽௐẇṟỂẨỦẆ៲ỆếẬỦẆỂẨỦẆ̲ࢽḵἣἧỻὊἰὅἋỉ‫ܖ‬፼ửẲẺኽௐẇίܱ২Ẇ๫‫ڌ‬Ὁ๫২ở˺ԼẆᾟᾑᾛỂỉС˺ཋẆἾἯὊἚὉᛯ૨ởӝ᪽ႆᘙễỄỊẆỄủờἣἧỻὊἰὅἋᚸ̖ỆễụạỦẇὸ

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⚄Ꮫ⛉

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1.ᪧ᪂⣙⪷᭩䚸䛚䜘䜃䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ䛾ఏ⤫䜢῝䛟⌮ゎ䛧䚸䛭䛾௒᪥ⓗ䛺ព࿡䜢⪃ᐹ䛷䛝䜛䚹2.⚄Ꮫⓗ⣲㣴䜢ᇶ┙䛸䛧䛯䝸䞊䝎䞊䝅䝑䝥䜢ᩍ఍䛸♫఍䛻䛚䛔䛶Ⓨ᥹䛩䜛⬟ຊ䜢㌟䛻䛴䛡䛶䛔䜛䚹
3.ᩍ఍ᩍ⫋ᑓᨷ䛾Ꮫ⏕䛿䚸ᖜᗈ䛔⚄Ꮫ▱㆑䛸䛭䜜䛻ᇶ䛵䛟ᐇ㊶⬟ຊ䜢䚸䜎䛯⚄Ꮫᑓᨷ䛾Ꮫ⏕䛿䚸Ꮫ⾡ⓗ䛺⯆࿡䜢᭷䛩䜛⚄Ꮫ䛾ศ㔝䛻䛚䛡䜛῝䛔▱㆑䛸Ὕᐹຊ䜢㌟䛻䛴䛡䛶䛔䜛䚹•ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᏛᑓᨷ•1.䜾䝻䞊䝞䝹໬䛾୰䛷⃭ື䛩䜛ୡ⏺䛻䛚䛔䛶䛂┿䛾ᅜ㝿ே䛃䛻䜅䛥䜟䛧䛟䚸ᅜ㝿㛵ಀ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛾῝䛔⌮ゎ䜢ᇶ䛻䚸㗦䛔ឤᛶ䛸䛧䛺䜔䛛䛺ᛮ⪃ຊ䜢䜒䛳䛶⌧ሙ䛾ၥ㢟䜢ぢฟ䛧䚸ศᯒ䛧䚸ゎỴ䛻ྥ䛡䛶ດຊ䛷䛝䜛䚹
2.⌧௦♫఍䛾୰䛻䛒䜛ᑐ❧䛸ட⿣䛻ศ䛡ධ䜚䚸ᖹ࿴䜢䛴䛟䜚ฟ䛩䛯䜑䛻ᑾຊ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹
3.౯್ከඖⓗ䛺䝫䝇䝖䝰䝎䞁ୡ⏺䛾୰䛷䚸␗䛺䜛௚⪅䛾౯್ほ䛻༑ศ␃ព䛧䛴䛴䜒䚸䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ䛾❧ሙ䛛䜙䛒䜛䜉䛝┿ᐇ䛺ጼ䜢㗦䛟㏣ཬ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹•••䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫᑓᨷ•••

1.ᖜᗈ䛔ᩍ㣴䜢ഛ䛘䚸㞄ேឡ䛻ᐩ䜣䛰ዊ௙ⓗே᱁ᙧᡂ䛜䛺䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹
2.㌿᥮ᮇ䛾♫఍ⓗ䜂䛪䜏䛻ᑐ䛧䛶ᙅ⪅䛾③䜏䛻ඹឤ䛷䛝䜛ே㛫ᛶ䜢㌟䛻䛴䛡䛶䛔䜛䚹3.ᕷẸ♫఍䜢ᙧᡂ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾ᐇ㊶ⓗ௓ㆤ䞉᥼ຓᢏ⾡䛾ಟᚓ䛸䜰䝗䝪䜹䝅䞊䠄ᨻ⟇ᥦゝ䠅䛾⬟ຊ䜢䜒䛳䛶㈉⊩䛷䛝䜛䚹ỿἼἋἚ૙ᅦᅍ‫ݦܖ‬ૌ᧙ᡲ‫˟ܖ‬ᛏỆỚỦἣἧỻὊἰὅἋửӼɥẰẶỦ૙Ꮛ૾ඥểᚸ̖૾ඥṞ૙Ꮛ૾ඥỆ᧙ẲềỊբ᫆ᚐൿ‫ܖ׹‬፼ở‫ܖ‬፼ᎍನ঺‫੉׹‬ಅễỄỊ‫ٶ‬ẪỉᄂᆮᎍỆợẾềᘍỪủềẟỦẇ
ίᛇኬỊଐஜʼᜱᅦᅍ૙Ꮛ‫˟ܖ‬ᛏẐʼᜱᅦᅍ૙ᏋᵑᵑӭẑὸḪᚸ̖ỉ‫ࣱ࢘ڲ‬ỊḠṟᚸ̖૾ඥỆ᧙ẲềỊṞჷᜤỉ‫ܖ‬፼ỿἼἋἚ૙ᅦᅍỉ‫ئ‬ӳᾉҡಅ଺σᡫᚾ᬴Ẇ‫ܼ׎‬ᚾ᬴ỉӳ఍ؕแỊ‫ܖ‬щ̬ᚰỉఌਗẇṟἣἧỻὊἰὅἋỉ‫ܖ‬፼ẮạẲẺᚸ̖ỊẆ‫ٶ‬Ẫỉ‫ئ‬ӳẆ̾ẉỉ૙ՃỉɼᚇỆỡẻỈỤủềẟẺẇ

ܱ፼ᚸ̖ỉᾀˑỉỚίʼᜱᅦᅍ૙Ꮛᵏᵓ῍ᵑᵔӭίᾁᾂӭὸ┠ᶆ䛸ホ౯䛿୍య䛾䛿䛪䛺䛾䛻䚸ᐇᢏ䚸సရ䚸䝺䝫䞊䝖䞉ㄽᩥ䜔ཱྀ㢌Ⓨ⾲➼䛾ホ౯᪉ἲ䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䜋䛸䜣䛹◊✲䛿䜏䜙䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䚹௅ɦ̀ˊẐἣἧỻὊἰὅἋᚸ̖ỆợỦ‫ܖ‬፼ỉឋỉᚸ̖ᵋ‫ܖ‬፼ᚸ̖ỉನ‫׋‬ỉЎௌỆờểỀẟềᵋᵐᵎᵏᵐ࠰ẇ䠄Ꮫኈຊ䛻㛵䛩䜛୺䛺ෆᐜ䠅ἢἼἷὊἽὊἨἼἕἁίᾐᾐᾒὶᾤὸ
䠄Ꮫኈຊ䛻㛵䛩䜛୺䛺ෆᐜ䠅䠄Ꮫኈຊ䛻㛵䛩䜛୺䛺ෆᐜ䠅▱㆑䞉⌮ゎᚸ̖૾ඥỉᛢ᫆ձホ౯ᇶ‽ࡀ᫂☜ղᏛ⩦ࣉࣟࢭࢫࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ
ճ⮬ᕫホ౯ࢆ㔜どᑓᨷ䛩䜛≉ᐃ䛾Ꮫၥศ㔝䛻䛚䛡䜛ᇶᮏⓗ䛺▱㆑䜢య⣔ⓗ䛻⌮ゎ䠄ከᩥ໬䛾␗ᩥ໬䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䛾⌮ゎ䠈ே㢮䛾ᩥ໬䞉♫఍䛸⮬↛䛻㛵䛩䜛▱㆑䛾⌮ゎ䠅㸦Ლ⏣ཿ୍ࠗᩍ⫱ホ౯࠘ࡼࡾ㸧մࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫㄢ㢟㸦ᐇ₇࣭₇ዌ࣭₇ᢏ࣭ㄽ
㏙࣭ࣉࣞࢮࣥࢸ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥసရ࣭࣏࣮ࣞࢺ࣭ᑠㄽ
ᩥ࡞࡝㸧࡟ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿホ౯ᇶ‽
յࠕ㈨᱁ྲྀᚓ᫬ࡢ௓ㆤ⚟♴ኈ㣴ᡂࡢ┠ᶆࠖࡢ㡯┠ࢆᢸಖࡋࡓホ౯ᇶ‽ỗ⏝ⓗᢏ⬟▱ⓗάື䛷䜒⫋ᴗ⏕ά䜔♫఍⏕ά䛷䜒ᚲせ䛺ᢏ⬟䠄䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䞉䝇䜻䝹䠈ᩘ㔞ⓗ䝇䜻䝹䠈᝟ሗ䝸䝔䝷䝅䞊䠈ㄽ⌮ⓗᛮ⪃ຊ䠈ၥ㢟ゎỴຊ䠅ែᗘ䞉ᚿྥᛶ
⮬ᕫ⟶⌮ຊ䠈䝏䞊䝮䝽䞊䜽䞉䝸䞊䝎䞊䝅䝑䝥䠈೔⌮ほ䠈ᕷẸ䛸䛧䛶䛾♫఍ⓗ㈐௵䠈⏕ᾭᏛ⩦ຊ⤫ྜⓗ䛺Ꮫ⩦⤒㦂䛸๰㐀ⓗᛮ⪃ຊࡇࢀࡽࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚͐

⮬䜙䛜❧䛶䛯᪂䛯䛺ㄢ㢟䜢ゎỴ䛩䜛⬟ຊ

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ᢈุⓗᛮ⪃䛸䛿䚸䛒䜛ពぢ䜔⤖ㄽ䜢ཷᐜ䛧䛯䜚᱌ฟ䛩䜛๓䛻䚸ၥ㢟䚸䜰䜲䝕䜰䚸䜰䞊䝔䜱䝣䜯䜽䝖䠄ே㛫䛾ᡭ䛷స䜚ฟ䛥䜜䛯≀䠅䚸ฟ᮶஦䛺䛹䜢ໟᣓⓗ䛻᥈ồ䛩䜛䛸䛔䛖≉ᚩ䜢䜒䛴ᛮ⪃䛾⩦័䛾䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛䚹㻌 䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽䝺䝧䝹䛾䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䠄㻝䛾䝉䝹䠅䜢‶䛯䛥䛺䛔సရ஦౛䛻䛿䝊䝻䜢๭䜚ᙜ䛶䜛䛣䛸䚹䝬䜲䝹䝇䝖䞊䞁
䜻䝱䝑䝥䝇䝖䞊䞁㻠㻟㻞䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽
㻝ᢈุⓗ䛻⪃䛘䜛䜉䛝ㄢ㢟䜔ၥ㢟䛜䚸᏶඲ ᢈุⓗ䛻⪃䛘䜛䜉䛝ㄢ㢟䜔ၥ㢟䛜᫂☜䛻 ᢈุⓗ䛻⪃䛘䜛䜉䛝ㄢ㢟䜔ၥ㢟䛻䛴䛔䛶 ᢈุⓗ䛻⪃䛘䜛䜉䛝ㄢ㢟䜔ၥ㢟䛜䚸᫂☜䛻⌮ゎ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᚲせ䛸䛺䜛㔜せ䛺᝟ሗ ᪤㏙䞉ド᫂䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䚸↓⏝䛺┬␎䛜⌮ゎ 䛾᪤㏙䞉ㄝ᫂䛜䚸ᮍᐃ⩏䛾⏝ㄒ䜢⏝䛔䛶䛔 䛻᪤㏙䞉ㄝ᫂䛥䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䚹䜢క䛳䛶䚸᫂☜䛻᫂グ䛥䜜䚸ໟᣓⓗ䛻ド᫂ 䜢ጉ䛢䜛䛣䛸䛜䛺䛔䚹䛯䜚䚸䛒䛔䜎䛔䛥䛜ṧ䛳䛶䛔䛯䜚䚸㆟ㄽ䛾ቃ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹
⏺䛜୙ᐃ䛷䛒䛳䛯䜚䚸⫼ᬒ䛜୙᫂䛰䛳䛯䜚
䛩䜛䚹

ㄢ㢟ㄝ᫂

ໟᣓⓗ䛺ศᯒ䜔⤫ྜ䜢⾜䛖䛯䜑䛾᝟ሗ㤳ᑿ୍㈏䛧䛯ศᯒ䜔⤫ྜ䜢⾜䛖䛯䜑䛾᝟ 䛒䜛⛬ᗘ䛾ゎ㔘䜔ホ౯䜢⾜䛔᝟ሗ䜢ྲྀᚓ ゎ㔘䜔ホ౯䛺䛧䛻᝟ሗ䜢ྲྀᚓ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹ᑓ
どⅬ䜔⤖ㄽ䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾᝟ሗ㑅 䜢䚸༑ศ䛺ゎ㔘䜔ホ౯䜢క䛔ྲྀᚓ䛧䛶䛔 ሗ䜢䚸༑ศ䛺ゎ㔘䜔ホ౯䜢క䛔ྲྀᚓ䛧䛶䛔 䛧䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸㤳ᑿ୍㈏䛧䛯ศᯒ䞉⤫ྜ䜢⾜䛖 㛛ᐙ䛾どⅬ䜢䚸ᢈุ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛺䛟஦ᐇ䛸䛧䜛䚹ᑓ㛛ᐙ䛾どⅬ䜢᏶඲䛻ᢈุⓗ䛻䛸䜙䛘 䜛䚹ᑓ㛛ᐙ䛾どⅬ䜢ᢈุⓗ䛻ᤊ䛘䜛䛣䛸䛜 䛻䛿୙༑ศ䛷䛒䜛䚹ᑓ㛛ᐙ䛾どⅬ䜢䚸ᢈุ 䛶ྲྀ䜚ୖ䛢䛶䛔䜛䚹
ᢥ䞉฼⏝
䛶䛔䜛䚹
䛷䛝䜛䚹
䛩䜛䛣䛸䛺䛟䚸䜋䛸䜣䛹஦ᐇ䛸䛧䛶ྲྀ䜚ୖ䛢
䛶䛔䜛䚹

䜶䝡䝕䞁䝇

ᩥ❶䜔௬ᐃ䛾ᙳ㡪⮬ᕫ䜔௚⪅䛾௬ᐃ䜢ᚭᗏⓗ䠄య⣔ⓗ䞉᪉ ぢゎ䜢♧䛩㝿䚸⮬ᕫ䜎䛯䛿௚♫䛾௬ᐃ䜔 ௬ᐃ䛾䛔䛟䛴䛛䜢ᢈุⓗ䛻䛸䜙䛘䛶䛔䜛䚹 ⌧ᅾ䛾௬ᐃ䛻Ẽ䛵䛝䛴䛴䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ぢ䛶ྲྀἲㄽⓗ䠅䛻ศᯒ䛧䚸ぢゎ䜢♧䛩㝿䚸ᩥ❶䛾 㔜せ䛺ᩥ⬦䜢☜ㄆ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹ぢゎ䜢♧䛩㝿䚸㔜せ䛺䛔䛟䛴䛛䛾㛵ಀ䛒䜛 䜜䜛䠄୺ᙇ䜢௬ᐃ䛸䜏䛺䛧䛶䛔䜛䛸䛝䜒䛒ᩥ⬦䜢☜ㄆ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹⮬ศ⮬㌟䛾௬ᐃ䜘䜚 䜛䠅䚹ぢゎ䜢♧䛩㝿䚸ᩥ⬦䛾䛔䛟䛴䛛䜢☜ㄆ㔜せᛶ䜢ៅ㔜䛻ホ౯䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䜒௚⪅䛾௬ᐃ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛䠄䛒䜛䛔䛿䛭䛾㏫䠅 䛧ጞ䜑䛶䛔䜛䚹䛥䜙䛺䜛㓄៖䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䚹Ꮫ⏕䛾ぢゎ᝿ീຊ䛻ᐩ䜏ㄢ㢟䛾」㞧䛥䜢⪃៖䛧䛯ぢ ㄢ㢟䛾」㞧䛥䜢⪃៖䛧䛯ලయⓗ䛺ぢゎ䠄ᒎ ලయⓗ䛺ぢゎ䠄ᒎᮃ䚸୺ほ䜎䛯䛿௬ㄝ䠅䛜 ලయⓗ䛺ぢゎ䠄ᒎᮃ䚸୺ほ䜎䛯䛿௬ㄝ䠅䛜ゎ䠄ᒎᮃ䚸୺ほ䜎䛯䛿௬ㄝ䠅䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔 ᮃ䚸୺ほ䜎䛯䛿௬ㄝ䠅䛜♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹௚ ㄢ㢟䛾㐪䛖ഃ㠃䜢ㄆ䜑䛶䛔䜛䚹♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜䚸䛭䜜䛿⡆⣲䛷⮬᫂䛷䛒䜛䚹ぢゎ䠄ᒎᮃ䚸୺ほ䜎䛯䛿௬ㄝ䠅䛾㝈⏺ 䛾どⅬ䛜ぢゎ䠄ᒎᮃ䚸୺ほ䜎䛯䛿௬ㄝ䠅䛾䜛䚹䜢ㄆ䜑䛶䛚䜚䚸௚䛾どⅬ䛸⤫ྜ䛥䜜䛶䛔ෆ䛻ㄆ䜑䜙䜜䜛䚹
䜛䚹䠄ᒎᮃ䚸୺ᙇ䜎䛯䛿௬ㄝ䠅⤖ㄽ䛸㛵㐃䛩䜛ᡂᯝ⤖ㄽ䜔㛵㐃䛩䜛ᡂᯝ䛜ㄽ⌮ⓗ䛷䚸Ꮫ⏕䛾 ⤖ㄽ䛜཯ᑐ䛾どⅬ䜢ྵ䜑䚸䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺᝟▱㆑䛻䜒䛸䛵䛔䛯ホ౯䜔䚸ඃඛ㡰఩䜢௜䛡 ሗ䛻ㄽ⌮ⓗ䛻⤖䜃௜䛡䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹㛵㐃䛶㆟ㄽ䛥䜜䛯䜶䝡䝕䞁䝇䜔ᒎᮃ䜢ᥦ♧䛩䜛 䛩䜛ᡂᯝ䛜᫂☜䛻☜ㄆ䛷䛝䜛䚹⬟ຊ䜢཯ᫎ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹⤖ㄽ䛜᝟ሗ䛻ㄽ⌮ⓗ䛻⤖䜃௜䛡䜙䜜䛶䛔 ⤖ㄽ䛜㆟ㄽ䛥䜜䛯᝟ሗ䛾䛔䛟䛴䛛䛻▩┪䛧䜛䚹䠄ᮃ䜎䛧䛔⤖ㄽ䛻ྜ䛖䜘䛖䛻᝟ሗ䛜㑅䜀 䛶㛵㐃௜䛡䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹㛵㐃䛩䜛ᡂᯝ䜢⡆䜜䛶䛔䜛䠅㛵㐃䛩䜛ᡂᯝ䛜䛔䛟䛴䛛᫂☜䛻 ␎໬䛧䛩䛞䛶䛔䜛䚹☜ㄆ䛷䛝䜛䚹

䛤㟼⫈䛒䜚䛜䛸䛖䛤䛦䛔䜎䛧䛯ἽὊἨἼἕἁỉ෇ဇểᛢ᫆
1.䝹䞊䝤䝸䝑䜽䛾ά⏝౑䛖䛸䛩䜛䛺䜙䜀䝅䝷䝞䝇䛾฿㐩┠ᶆ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䞉䞉䞉䞉⛉┠䜔䝁䞊䝇䛻䛒䜟䛫䛶ά⏝䛷䛝䜛䛜䚸䛭䛾㝿䛻䛿ྛ⛉┠䜔䝁䞊䝇䛾≉ᛶ䛻ᛂ䛨䛶䚸⾲⌧䛾᭩䛝᥮䛘䛜ᚲせ䚹䞉ᐇ⩦ホ౯䛻䜒౑䛖䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹2.ㄢ㢟䞉䜻䝱䝑䝥䝇䝖䞊䞁䛿኱Ꮫ㝔䝺䝧䝹⛬ᗘ䠖䛛䛺䜚㞴䛧䛔䞉䛩䜉䛶䛾ᢸᙜᩍဨ䛜౑䛖䛛䛹䛖䛛䞉ὀព῝䛟ᣦᑟ䛧䛺䛡䜜䜀䛭䜜䛻ἢ䛳䛯ෆᐜ䜢᭩䛡䛺䛔䚹䞉䛒䜎䜚༢఩➼䛻㛵ಀ䛺䛔⛉┠䛷䛿඲䛟↓ど䛥䜜䛯䚹䞉ጇᙜᛶ䛾䛒䜛ホ౯ᇶ‽䛰䛜䛒䛟䜎䛷ホ౯䛩䜛䛾䛿ᩍဨ䛺䛾䛷䚸ᢞ✏ㄽᩥᢞ✏䜢࿧䜃䛛䛡䛶䛔䜛䚹

ਸ਼‫ڴڭ‬৚ಖઋॣ॔৾लভ॑ৣ੶भৢॉ৫ಈखऽघ‫؛‬০৚भॺআॵ
ॡमَ୐ُ৾दघ‫؛‬ઋ஘भ଑ऌ॑ਦगथো৾खथु‫؜‬ଋ୛ऩऋै୐৾खथखऽअ৾ে
ञठऋःऽघ‫؛‬ૌுभ୐৾भॣ‫ش‬५॑ৢखथ‫৾؜‬ल॑৸अदऌऩऊ
ढञ৾েञठऋஎ୸पଋखथःढञওॵ७‫ش‬४ऊैओ঳คप৾लञ
ःधઓढथःऽघ‫؛‬ઇ૙৩भ຦஘‫؜‬ऴॊढथओ૞ਸऎटऔः‫؛‬



















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

‫ܖ‬ဃႻᛩܴȷ‫ܖ‬ဃᛢ

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

ଐ ଺
ʚŹɟʞ࠰ɤஉρଐᶝ᣿ᶞҜЭɟŹ଺ɤŹЎᶨҗɟ଺ɤŹЎ
ᶝஇᧈҗʚ଺Ǉưᶞ‫ ئ‬৑ȐȫȊȐțᶌȫႆᘙᎍ‫ܖ‬ဃႻᛩܴᧈ
‫ݜ܇ڡ‬ɼ ʙƦƷ˂έბʚҗʞӸƴឬ᠉᫢ǛƝဇॖƠǇƢᵨிʮؕთ૙‫ܖٻ‬ᴾᵐᵎᵏᵒ ࠰ࡇᇹ ᵑ ‫ׅ‬ἧỳỽἽἘỵὊἧỻὊἻἲᴾ

ྵ‫נ‬ỉ‫܇‬ỄờẺẼỉᛢ᫆ể૙˟ỉࢫлᴾᾣᾒᾤỊʼᜱᅦᅍٟ᫱঺ửɶ࣎ểẲềᎊʴᅦᅍỆӕụኵỮỂẟộẴầẆδᇜᖋࢳở἟ἂἾἁἚễỄδᇜửỜẫỦಮẉễᅈ˟բ᫆ầ‫נ܍‬ẲộẴẇ‫؏ע‬૙˟ỆểẾềờᢤẬềᡫủễẟἘὊἰỂẴẇδᇜᅦᅍầắ‫ᧉݦ‬ỉ஭ဋኚ‫܇‬έဃửấਔẨẲềẆʻ࠰ࡇᇹɤ‫ׅ‬ἧỳỽἽἘỵὊἧỻὊἻἲử᧏͵ẲộẴẇặọắӋьẪẻẰẟẇᴾᾕᾓ‫ۀ‬Ճᧈᴾ ‫ٻ‬ԧଡ࠯ᴾᵑ உ ᵏᵕ ଐᵆ້ᵇҜЭ ᵏᵎᾉᵎᵎᵋᵏᵐᾉᵎᵎᴾ‫˟ٻ‬ᜭܴίஜᢿ౐ ᵐᵤὸᴾẘᜒ๫ᎍẙ஭ဋኚ‫܇‬έဃ ᴾ

ᵏᵗᵔᵏ ࠰ிʮဃộủẇଐஜ‫ܖٻ܇ڡ‬૨‫ܖ‬ᢿ૙Ꮛ‫ܖ‬ᅹӏỎ‫ ٻ‬ദ‫ܖ ٻ ܖ ٻ‬ᨈ ̲ ٟ ᛢ ᆉίᅈ˟ ᅦ ᅍ ‫ݦ ܖ‬ૌὸҡ ẇᵏᵗᵖᵔ
࠰ẦỤ ᵐᵐ ࠰᧓δᇜ᫱ᜱ଀ᚨỂδᇜਦ‫ݰ‬ՃểẲềѮѦẇᵐᵎᵎᵖ ࠰ẦỤ‫ݱ‬ဋҾჺ஖‫̬ܖٻ‬Ꮛ‫ܖ‬ᅹỆềẐᅈ˟ႎ᫱ᜱẑẐᅈ˟ႎ᫱ᜱϋܾẑẐႻᛩੲяẑởẐ଀ᚨܱ፼ẑሁửਃ࢘ẇᅈ˟ᅦᅍٟẆችᅕ̬ͤᅦᅍٟẆ̬Ꮛٟẇᵏᵖ ബỂ૙˟Ệᡫẟ‫ڼ‬Ờ ᵐᵎ ബỂӖඹẇଐஜᅦ᪦ỿἼἋἚ૙˟ᡲӳỿἼἋἚ૙
ஔ᫊૙˟˟Ճẇᴾẘࣖሉᎍẙ‫ޢ‬஭έဃẆ༾‫ޢ‬έဃẆౕဋέဃᴾᴾṳ࣏ᙲễ૾ỊẆଷ᫢ίܱᝲ᝟ਃᾉᵓᵎᵎ όᆉࡇὸửấဎᡂỚẪẻẰẟᵆ᫢‫ؘ‬ỊẝụộẶỮᵇẇᴾɼ͵ᾉἧ ỳ ỽ Ἵ Ἐ ỵ Ὂ Ἑ ỵ Ἣ Ἷ ἕ Ἡ ἳ ὅ Ἒ‫ۀ‬Ճ˟ᴾ ᶄᶂᵞᶒᶁᶇᵌᵿᶁᵌᶈᶎᴾ

ᮾிᇶ╩ᩍ኱Ꮫࣇ࢓࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࣮ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ

ࡣࡌࡵ࡟⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟
⹢ᚅ࣭㈋ᅔ࣭Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖ࣭㠀⾜
ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
ᩍ఍ࡢᙺ๭
⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟ᩍ఍ࡀ᳨ドࡋ⮬ぬࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞
⹢ᚅ࣭㈋ᅔ࣭Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖ࣭㠀⾜ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࡽ࡞࠸஦᯶ࡣ࡞࡟࠿
ᩍ఍ࡢᙺ๭⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟࡟㛵ࢃࡿලయⓗ࡞ᩍ఍ࡀ᳨ドࡋ⮬ぬࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞
⹢ᚅ࣭㈋ᅔ࣭Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖ࣭㠀⾜᪉ἲࡣ࡞࡟࠿
ࡽ࡞࠸஦᯶ࡣ࡞࡟࠿
ᩍ఍ࡢᙺ๭Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟࡟㛵ࢃࡿලయⓗ࡞ᩍ఍ࡀ᳨ドࡋ⮬ぬࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞
᪉ἲࡣ࡞࡟࠿
ࡽ࡞࠸஦᯶ࡣ࡞࡟࠿
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟࡟㛵ࢃࡿලయⓗ࡞᪉ἲࡣ࡞࡟࠿

ᮾிᇶ╩ᩍ኱Ꮫ
⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࣇ࢓࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࣮ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ

ᩍ఍ࡢᙺ๭ᮾிᇶ╩ᩍ኱Ꮫ
⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࣇ࢓࢝ࣝࢸ࢕࣮ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ
ᖺ᭶᪥
ᩍ఍ࡢᙺ๭ᑠ⏣ཎ▷ᮇ኱Ꮫ ᮧ⏣⣠Ꮚ⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟࡜ᖺ᭶᪥
ᩍ఍ࡢᙺ๭ᑠ⏣ཎ▷ᮇ኱Ꮫ

ᮧ⏣⣠Ꮚᖺ᭶᪥
ᑠ⏣ཎ▷ᮇ኱Ꮫ

ᮧ⏣⣠ᏊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟

ࡇࢀࡽࡢㄢ㢟ࡢ≉ᚩᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟
৉ୠभঢ়બभ࿅खऔ

Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟৕୘थ৽ୡभऩऔऩन
नभੇ൦दुକऒॉअ
ॊਖ਻

਼৻৑भ
৴ำ

৅୸
௽૩

ྦୄ

శষ

஡भಖઋႈ೩
ൂோඪ།൑੎Ⴟदളහ৲खञ
ਖ਻▱㆑ࡀ࡞࠸࡜

Ꮚ࡝ࡶᮏேࡀㄆ㆑ࡋࡓࡾッ࠼ࡓࡾࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡇࢀࡽࡢㄢ㢟ࡢ≉ᚩ࿘ᅖࡢࠕྰㄆࠖࡀാࡁࡸࡍ࠸
Ꮚ࡝ࡶᮏேࡀㄆ㆑ࡋࡓࡾッ࠼ࡓࡾࡋᑐᛂ࡟ࡣࠊṇ☜࡞▱㆑ࢆᏛࡪᚲせࡀ࡟ࡃ࠸࠶ࡿ ࡇࢀࡽࡢㄢ㢟ࡢ≉ᚩ࿘ᅖࡢࠕྰㄆࠖࡀാࡁࡸࡍ࠸
Ꮚ࡝ࡶᮏேࡀㄆ㆑ࡋࡓࡾッ࠼ࡓࡾࡋэ⤒㦂࠿ࡽࡣ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ᑐᛂ࡟ࡣࠊṇ☜࡞▱㆑ࢆᏛࡪᚲせࡀ࡟ࡃ࠸ࠕᖖ㆑ⓗ࡛ࠖࠕࡼ࠸ࠖே࡯࡝⌮ゎࡋ࠶ࡿ࿘ᅖࡢࠕྰㄆࠖࡀാࡁࡸࡍ࠸
࡟ࡃ࠸э⤒㦂࠿ࡽࡣ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ᑐᛂ࡟ࡣࠊṇ☜࡞▱㆑ࢆᏛࡪᚲせࡀࠕᖖ㆑ⓗ࡛ࠖࠕࡼ࠸ࠖே࡯࡝⌮ゎࡋ࠶ࡿ࡟ࡃ࠸э⤒㦂࠿ࡽࡣ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠕᖖ㆑ⓗ࡛ࠖࠕࡼ࠸ࠖே࡯࡝⌮ゎࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸Ϩ㸬⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ⹢ᚅ
Ϩ㸬⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟ᖺ ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ⹢ᚅ
ᑠඣ⛉་ࢣࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡿሗ࿌
Ϩ㸬⌧௦ࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟ࠕẀᡴࡉࢀࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⑕ೃ⩌ࠖ
ᖺ
࢔࣓ࣜ࢝
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ⹢ᚅ
᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢᮏ᱁ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣᑠඣ⛉་ࢣࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡿሗ࿌
ᖺ௦ࡼࡾ
ࠕẀᡴࡉࢀࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⑕ೃ⩌ࠖ
ᖺ
࢔࣓ࣜ࢝
᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢᮏ᱁ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣᑠඣ⛉་ࢣࣥࣉ࡟ࡼࡿሗ࿌
ᖺ௦ࡼࡾ
ࠕẀᡴࡉࢀࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⑕ೃ⩌ࠖ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢᮏ᱁ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡣඣ❺┦ㄯᡤࡢ⹢ᚅ┦ㄯෆヂᖺ௦ࡼࡾ
ᖹᡂᖺ㸦௳㸧 Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢ㈇ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᕳࡁ㎸ࡲࢀ▱㆑ࡀ࡞࠸࡜
࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿㄗࡗࡓ⮬ᕫㄆᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢ㈇ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᕳࡁ㎸ࡲࢀ▱ࡸୡ⏺ほࢆᙉ໬ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺
▱㆑ࡀ࡞࠸࡜
࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿㄗࡗࡓ⮬ᕫㄆᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢ㈇ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᕳࡁ㎸ࡲࢀ▱ࡸୡ⏺ほࢆᙉ໬ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺
࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿㄗࡗࡓ⮬ᕫㄆ▱ࡸୡ⏺ほࢆᙉ໬ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺
ඣ❺┦ㄯᡤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
࠯঺ᵐᵓ࠰ᵔᵔᵊᵖᵎᵕ
ඣ❺⹢ᚅ┦ㄯᑐᛂ௳ᩘ
ᵕᵑᵊᵕᵔᵓˑ ᵓᵗᵊᵗᵏᵗิ12%৘ય঴੨दుญྦୄৼ୥ਭહ৫઩

㌟యⓗ⹢ᚅ
ᚰ⌮ⓗ⹢ᚅ

29% 35%ుญྦୄଆૃ১

ৢੴपेॉৌૢ

34%
+

+


ࠕඣ❺⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡿṚஸ஦౛➼ࡢ᳨ド⤖ᯝࠖḟሗ࿌㣴⫱ᨺᲠ䠄䝛䜾䝺
䜽䝖䠅
ᛶⓗ⹢ᚅ



ຍᐖືᶵ

ࠕඣ❺⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡿṚஸ஦౛➼ࡢ᳨ド⤖ᯝࠖḟሗ࿌ຍᐖືᶵ㸦ᖺᗘ୰ ᖺ᭶Ⓨ⾲㸧ࠕඣ❺⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡿṚஸ஦౛➼ࡢ⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡿṚஸ஦౛౛᳨ド⤖ᯝࠖḟሗ࿌ࠕࢿࢢࣞࢡࢺࠖ
ຍᐖືᶵࠕἽࡁṆࡲ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ⱔ❧ࡗࡓࠖ㸦ே㸧ᚰ୰ࡣ๭
㸦ᖺᗘ୰ ᖺ᭶Ⓨ⾲㸧ṓඣࡀே
๭⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡿṚஸ஦౛౛
ṓ㹼ṓ࡛ே
㸦ே㸧ᚰ୰ࡣ๭๭㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ぢ࡚ῶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞ṓඣࡀே ๭࠸ࠋ㐌㛫࡟ྡࡢ๭ྜ࡛Ṛஸṓ㹼ṓ࡛ே ๭㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ぢ࡚ῶࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ㐌㛫࡟ྡࡢ๭ྜ࡛Ṛஸ ࠕࢿࢢࣞࢡࢺࠖ ࠕἽࡁṆࡲ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ⱔ❧ࡗࡓࠖࠕ඲ᅜඣ❺┦ㄯᡤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
ᐙᗞᨭ᥼࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣㄪᰝࠖᚰ୰

⹢ᚅ㏻࿌ࡉࢀࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ๭ࡀẕᏊࠕ඲ᅜඣ❺┦ㄯᡤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
ᐙᗞᐙᗞᨭ᥼࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣㄪᰝࠖ㣴⫱ࡢ㈇ᢸࡀ㞟୰ࡍࡿ୰࡛ẕぶࡀ
⹢ᚅ㏻࿌ࡉࢀࡓࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ๭ࡀẕᏊ
㏣࠸ࡘࡵࡽࢀࡿ
ᐙᗞஙඣ࡬ࡢᭀຊࡸ᪂⏕ඣ㑇Რ࡟ࡘ࠸㣴⫱ࡢ㈇ᢸࡀ㞟୰ࡍࡿ୰࡛ẕぶࡀ࡚㛵㐃ࡀ῝࠸
㏣࠸ࡘࡵࡽࢀࡿ
ஙඣ࡬ࡢᭀຊࡸ᪂⏕ඣ㑇Რ࡟ࡘ࠸㸦㸰㸧ᐃ⩏࡚㛵㐃ࡀ῝࠸ ྛᖺ㱋࡟ศᕸ
ᚰ୰ ຍᐖືᶵ
ࠕಖㆤ⪅ࡢ⢭⚄⑌ᝈࠊ⢭⚄୙Ᏻᐃࠖྛᖺ㱋࡟ศᕸࠕ⤒῭ⓗᅔ❓ࠖࡀ๭ຍᐖືᶵࠕಖㆤ⪅ࡢ⢭⚄⑌ᝈࠊ⢭⚄୙Ᏻᐃࠖࠕ⤒῭ⓗᅔ❓ࠖࡀ๭⹢ᚅ┦ㄯ௳ᩘࡀ♧ࡍࡶࡢᐙ᪘ࡀᏙ❧໬ࡋࡸࡍࡃࠊ⹢ᚅࡀ
Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
⹢ᚅ┦ㄯ௳ᩘࡀ♧ࡍࡶࡢࠕ⹢ᚅࠖ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢ♫఍ࡢ┠ࡀᐙ᪘ࡀᏙ❧໬ࡋࡸࡍࡃࠊ⹢ᚅࡀ
㣴ࢃࢀࠊ㏻ሗࡀቑ࠼ࡓࠋ
Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
௒ᚋ┦ㄯ௳ᩘ⮬యࡣࠕ㢌ᡴࡕࠖࠕ⹢ᚅࠖ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢ♫఍ࡢ┠ࡀ࡟࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᛶⓗ⹢ᚅ㣴ࢃࢀࠊ㏻ሗࡀቑ࠼ࡓࠋ
ࡢቑຍࡀணぢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
௒ᚋ┦ㄯ௳ᩘ⮬యࡣࠕ㢌ᡴࡕࠖ࡟࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᛶⓗ⹢ᚅࡢቑຍࡀணぢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋձす⃝ဴࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ⹢ᚅࠖ
⹢ᚅ࡜ࡣ 㸦㸰㸧ᐃ⩏ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊձす⃝ဴࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ⹢ᚅࠖ
ぶ⮬㌟ࡀᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡿၥ㢟ࢆ⹢ᚅ࡜ࡣ㍍ࡃࡋࡓࡾḧồࢆ‶ࡓࡑ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇ࡜ࠖぶ⮬㌟ࡀᢪ࠼࡚࠸ࡿၥ㢟ࢆ
㍍ࡃࡋࡓࡾḧồࢆ‶ࡓࡑ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࠖղ࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺ
ࠕ⹢ᚅࠖࡼࡾࡶᗈ⩏ࡢᴫᛕղ࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺ
኱ே࠿ࡽࡢ⹢ᚅࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ
࠾࠾ࡴࡡṓ௨ୖࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ࡼࡿຍ
ࠕ⹢ᚅࠖࡼࡾࡶᗈ⩏ࡢᴫᛕᐖ➼ࠊ኱ே࠿ࡽࡢ⹢ᚅࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡝࠺ࡋࡢᨭ㓄ࡸᭀຊࡶྵࡴ
࠾࠾ࡴࡡṓ௨ୖࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ࡼࡿຍ
ᐖ➼ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ࡝࠺ࡋࡢᨭ㓄ࡸᭀຊࡶྵࡴ

࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺ⾜Ⅽࡢศ㢮 ✚ᴟⓗ࡞ຍᐖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⾜Ⅽ⾜Ⅽࡢศ㢮㸦ࠕ㌟యⓗ⹢ᚅࠖࠕᚰ⌮ⓗ⹢ᚅࠖࠕᛶ⹢ᚅࠖ㸧࡜✚ᴟⓗ࡞ຍᐖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⾜Ⅽ㸦ࠕ㌟యⓗ⹢ᚅࠖࠕᚰ⌮ⓗ⹢ᚅࠖᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⏕ᏑࠊⓎ㐩࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࠕࡋ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠕࢿࢢࣞࢡࢺࠖ࡜
ࠕᛶ⹢ᚅࠖ㸧࡜࡟ᴫᛕⓗ࡟ࡣศ࠿ࢀࡿࠋ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ⏕ᏑࠊⓎ㐩࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆࠕࡋ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࠕࢿࢢࣞࢡࢺࠖ࡜
࡟ᴫᛕⓗ࡟ࡣศ࠿ࢀࡿࠋ

㸦㸱㸧⹢ᚅࢆㄞࡳゎࡃどⅬᏊ࡝ࡶ࡝࠺ࡋࡢᨭ㓄ࡸᭀຊࡶྵࡴ

஋ா৓प୦ऊ॑
घॊ૑ਏऩऒध॑खऩः

࣐ࣝࢺ࣮ࣜࢺ࣓ࣥࢺ
৯पৄइॊ෗ീ‫؞‬ઊ
ො‫ౌ؞‬ംऩ
नମ৬৓ਙྦୄ৻৶पेॊ঑গথ
ྦୄ঄ঁक़८থඪ౜ණ
ઇ୘ྦୄะ಴‫؞‬ᑳ౵
୷શ‫؞‬ሷ၅
ऩन࡟ᴫᛕⓗ࡟ࡣศ࠿ࢀࡿࠋ

ઇ୘‫؞‬ୢ
௜‫؞‬਍৸‫؞‬๲୫કऩन㸦㸱㸧⹢ᚅࢆㄞࡳゎࡃどⅬձឡ╔㛵ಀ࡜ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ॿॢঞॡॺఎੲ‫؞‬੐ં

ੳੴ‫؞‬৅୸प૑
ឡ╔࡜ឡ╔㞀ᐖਏऩඵౕऩन
ੱ৶৓ឡ╔࡜ࡣ৯पৄइऩः
ࠕேࡀ࠶ࡿ≉ᐃࡢ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛫࡟⤖ࡪ⤎ࠖឡ╔࡜ឡ╔㞀ᐖࠕ≉࡟༴ᶵ≧ἣ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᏳᚰឤ࣭Ᏻ඲ឤࢆ
ឡ╔࡜ࡣ୚࠼ࡿ㛵ಀࠖ
ࠕேࡀ࠶ࡿ≉ᐃࡢ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛫࡟⤖ࡪ⤎ࠖ༢࡞ࡿࠕឡ᝟ࠖࠕ௰Ⰻࡋࠖ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ
ឡ╔࡜ឡ╔㞀ᐖࠕ≉࡟༴ᶵ≧ἣ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᏳᚰឤ࣭Ᏻ඲ឤࢆ
ឡ╔࡜ࡣ୚࠼ࡿ㛵ಀࠖ
ͤᗉྖ㡰୍ࠕಖ⫱ࡢ࿘㎶ࠖࠕேࡀ࠶ࡿ≉ᐃࡢ௚⪅࡜ࡢ㛫࡟⤖ࡪ⤎ࠖ༢࡞ࡿࠕឡ᝟ࠖࠕ௰Ⰻࡋࠖ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ
ࠕ≉࡟༴ᶵ≧ἣ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᏳᚰឤ࣭Ᏻ඲ឤࢆ
୚࠼ࡿ㛵ಀࠖ
ͤᗉྖ㡰୍ࠕಖ⫱ࡢ࿘㎶ࠖ༢࡞ࡿࠕឡ᝟ࠖࠕ௰Ⰻࡋࠖ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ
ͤᗉྖ㡰୍ࠕಖ⫱ࡢ࿘㎶ࠖࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖ࡜ࠕ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅࣭ࠖᚭᗏⓗ࡛ࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࡢࡼ࠸ᛂ⟅࡜ࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖ࡜ࠕ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅ࠖᢪࡁ࠿࠿࠼࣭ࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖࡣ⮬ศࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᲴୖ
࣭ᚭᗏⓗ࡛ࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࡢࡼ࠸ᛂ⟅࡜ࡆࡋ࡚ࡲ࡛ࡶࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢồࡵ࡟ᛂࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖ࡜ࠕ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅ࠖ
ᢪࡁ࠿࠿࠼
ࡌࡿࠋ
࣭ࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖࡣ⮬ศࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᲴୖ
࣭ᚭᗏⓗ࡛ࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࡢࡼ࠸ᛂ⟅࡜㸦㪒ᒸ㸧ࡆࡋ࡚ࡲ࡛ࡶࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢồࡵ࡟ᛂ
ᢪࡁ࠿࠿࠼
ࡌࡿࠋ
࣭ࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖࡣ⮬ศࡢࡇ࡜ࢆᲴୖ
㸦㪒ᒸ㸧ࡆࡋ࡚ࡲ࡛ࡶࠊ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢồࡵ࡟ᛂ
ࡌࡿࠋ
㸦㪒ᒸ㸧

⮬ᡃᶵ⬟

ឡ╔࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡶࡢ
⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ឡ╔࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡶࡢ
ឡ╔ࡢᙧᡂ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ឡ╔࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡶࡢ
ർดણ৿
ឡ╔ࡢᙧᡂ
‫؞‬തཋृਂ਍॑૎गञ
⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅
ैರॉ‫ؚ‬਍ੱ॑਄ॉರ
घ‫؞‬ग़ॿঝॠ‫॑ش‬੭ॊ

⫱࡚ࡿ⪅

ឡ╔ࡢᙧᡂ

‫؞‬੦ম৓ਦ౅૎
‫ܒ‬ঽ๑ੱ‫؞‬૎ੲ‫؞‬ঽഞ৹ତৡ
‫঺؞‬ভ৓ૠ෇
‫َܒ‬୘थॊ঻ُऊै਄ॉ੢ि
‫ॺ؞‬ছक़ঐऊैभଆణ༕

਍৸੦৉⮬ᡃࡢ㔜せᛶ
ಶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡲ࡜ࡲࡾ ஙඣࡣࠊࡑࡢ᫬ࡑࡢ᫬ࡢ⏕⌮ⓗ≧ែ⮬ᡃࡢ㔜せᛶ
࡛ឤ᝟ࡶࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࡀษࡾ᭰ࢃࡿ࠿ࡢ
ಶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡲ࡜ࡲࡾࡼ࠺࡟㌿᥮ࡍࡿࠋ
ஙඣࡣࠊࡑࡢ᫬ࡑࡢ᫬ࡢ⏕⌮ⓗ≧ែ⮬ᡃࡢ㔜せᛶ
эḟ➨࡟㣴⫱⪅ࢆෆᅾ໬ࡉࡏࠊಶே࡜
࡛ឤ᝟ࡶࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࡀษࡾ᭰ࢃࡿ࠿ࡢ
ࡋ࡚ࡢᏳᐃࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࠋಶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡲ࡜ࡲࡾࡼ࠺࡟㌿᥮ࡍࡿࠋ
ࡲ࡜ࡲࡾࡢ࠶ࡿே᱁ࡣ᰿ᗏ࡟࠶ࡗ࡚
ஙඣࡣࠊࡑࡢ᫬ࡑࡢ᫬ࡢ⏕⌮ⓗ≧ែэḟ➨࡟㣴⫱⪅ࢆෆᅾ໬ࡉࡏࠊಶே࡜
ࡑࡢୖ࡛ࠕࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࠖࢆษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿ
࡛ឤ᝟ࡶࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࡀษࡾ᭰ࢃࡿ࠿ࡢ
ࡋ࡚ࡢᏳᐃࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࠋࠋࡼ࠺࡟㌿᥮ࡍࡿࠋ
ࡲ࡜ࡲࡾࡢ࠶ࡿே᱁ࡣ᰿ᗏ࡟࠶ࡗ࡚
эḟ➨࡟㣴⫱⪅ࢆෆᅾ໬ࡉࡏࠊಶே࡜
ࡑࡢୖ࡛ࠕࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࠖࢆษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿ
ࡋ࡚ࡢᏳᐃࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࠋࠋࡲ࡜ࡲࡾࡢ࠶ࡿே᱁ࡣ᰿ᗏ࡟࠶ࡗ࡚
ࡑࡢୖ࡛ࠕࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࠖࢆษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿ
ࠋࠕ⮬ᡃព㆑࡜ࡣ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿព㆑࡛࠶
ࡿࠖ㸦ࣖࢫࣃ࣮ࢫ ⮬ᡃᶵ⬟⬟ືᛶࡢព㆑⮬ᕫࡢ▱ぬࠊᛮ⪃࡞࡝ᚰⓗ㐣⛬ࡣࠕ⮬ศࡀࠖࡋࠕ⮬ᡃព㆑࡜ࡣ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿព㆑࡛࠶
࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࠋ
ࡿࠖ㸦ࣖࢫࣃ࣮ࢫ ༢୍ᛶࡢព㆑ ⮬ᡃᶵ⬟⬟ືᛶࡢព㆑
⮬ᡃࡀྠࡌ▐㛫࡟୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࠋ⮬ᕫࡢ▱ぬࠊᛮ⪃࡞࡝ᚰⓗ㐣⛬ࡣࠕ⮬ศࡀࠖࡋࠕ⮬ᡃព㆑࡜ࡣ⮬ศ⮬㌟ࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿព㆑࡛࠶
ྠ୍ᛶࡢព㆑
࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࠋ
ࡿࠖ㸦ࣖࢫࣃ࣮ࢫ 㐣ཤ࡜⌧ᅾࡢ⮬ศࡣྠ୍ࡢ⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑
༢୍ᛶࡢព㆑
⬟ືᛶࡢព㆑
እ⏺ࡸ௚ே࡟ᑐ❧ࡍࡿព㆑⮬ᡃࡀྠࡌ▐㛫࡟୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࠋ⮬ᕫࡢ▱ぬࠊᛮ⪃࡞࡝ᚰⓗ㐣⛬ࡣࠕ⮬ศࡀࠖࡋ⮬ᕫ࡜እ⏺ࠊ⮬ᕫ࡜௚⪅ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿព㆑ࠋ
ྠ୍ᛶࡢព㆑
࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࠋ
㐣ཤ࡜⌧ᅾࡢ⮬ศࡣྠ୍ࡢ⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑
༢୍ᛶࡢព㆑
እ⏺ࡸ௚ே࡟ᑐ❧ࡍࡿព㆑⮬ᡃࡀྠࡌ▐㛫࡟୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑ࠋ
⮬ᕫ࡜እ⏺ࠊ⮬ᕫ࡜௚⪅ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿព㆑ࠋ
ྠ୍ᛶࡢព㆑
㐣ཤ࡜⌧ᅾࡢ⮬ศࡣྠ୍ࡢ⪅࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព㆑
እ⏺ࡸ௚ே࡟ᑐ❧ࡍࡿព㆑⮬ᕫ࡜እ⏺ࠊ⮬ᕫ࡜௚⪅ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿព㆑ࠋ

⮬ᡃᶵ⬟ࢆᇶ࡟ࡋࡓ⮬ᕫㄪᩚຊ౛㉥ࡕࡷࢇࡀἽ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁ࣭࣭
࠾ẕࡉࢇࡀᢪࡗࡇࡋ࡚࡞ࡔࡵ࡚
⮬ᡃᶵ⬟ࢆᇶ࡟ࡋࡓ⮬ᕫㄪᩚຊࡃࢀࡿ౛ ㉥ࡕࡷࢇࡀἽ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁ࣭࣭
эࡸࡀ࡚ࠊ⮬ศ࡛ࠊ࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢឤ
࠾ẕࡉࢇࡀᢪࡗࡇࡋ࡚࡞ࡔࡵ࡚
⮬ᡃᶵ⬟ࢆᇶ࡟ࡋࡓ⮬ᕫㄪᩚຊ᝟࡞࡝ࡶ࠾ࡉࡵ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࠋࡃࢀࡿ౛ ㉥ࡕࡷࢇࡀἽ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁ࣭࣭
эࡸࡀ࡚ࠊ⮬ศ࡛ࠊ࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢឤ
࠾ẕࡉࢇࡀᢪࡗࡇࡋ࡚࡞ࡔࡵ࡚
᝟࡞࡝ࡶ࠾ࡉࡵ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࠋ
ࡃࢀࡿэࡸࡀ࡚ࠊ⮬ศ࡛ࠊ࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢឤ
᝟࡞࡝ࡶ࠾ࡉࡵ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࠋ

እ⏺ࡢ▱㆑
ࠕᏳ඲ᇶᆅࠖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠕ᥈⣴άືࠖእ⏺ࡢ▱㆑እ⏺࡛୙Ᏻࡸᜍᛧࢆឤࡌࡓ᫬࡟
ࠕᏳ඲ᇶᆅࠖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࡣࠊᏳ඲ᇶᆅ࡟ᡠࡾᏳᐃࢆྲྀࡾᡠ
ࠕ᥈⣴άືࠖእ⏺ࡢ▱㆑ࡍࠋእ⏺࡛୙Ᏻࡸᜍᛧࢆឤࡌࡓ᫬࡟ ࠕᏳ඲ᇶᆅࠖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᚓࡿ
ࡣࠊᏳ඲ᇶᆅ࡟ᡠࡾᏳᐃࢆྲྀࡾᡠ
ࠕ᥈⣴άືࠖࡍࠋ እ⏺࡛୙Ᏻࡸᜍᛧࢆឤࡌࡓ᫬࡟
᪂ࡓ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᚓࡿ
ࡣࠊᏳ඲ᇶᆅ࡟ᡠࡾᏳᐃࢆྲྀࡾᡠ
ࡍࠋ ᪂ࡓ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᚓࡿ

ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࠿ࡽࡢ㜵Ἴሐ♫఍ⓗつ⠊ࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖࡢឤ᝟࣭⾜ື࡞࡝ࢆྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴ ♫఍ⓗつ⠊ࠕឡ╔ᑐ㇟ࡢෆᅾ໬ࠖ
ࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖࡢឤ᝟࣭⾜ື࡞࡝ࢆࠕࡇࢀࢆࡸࡗࡓࡽ࠾ẕࡉࢇࡀᝒࡋ
ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴ ♫఍ⓗつ⠊ࡴࠖࠕឡ╔ᑐ㇟ࡢෆᅾ໬ࠖ
ཝࡋࡃࡋࡘࡅࢀࡤࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡀၿᝏ
ࠕ⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ࠖࡢឤ᝟࣭⾜ື࡞࡝ࢆࠕࡇࢀࢆࡸࡗࡓࡽ࠾ẕࡉࢇࡀᝒࡋྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴࢆ▱ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡴࠖࠕឡ╔ᑐ㇟ࡢෆᅾ໬ࠖ
ཝࡋࡃࡋࡘࡅࢀࡤࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡀၿᝏ
ࠕࡇࢀࢆࡸࡗࡓࡽ࠾ẕࡉࢇࡀᝒࡋ
ࢆ▱ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡴࠖཝࡋࡃࡋࡘࡅࢀࡤࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡀၿᝏ
ࢆ▱ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ

ឡ╔㞀ᐖ



⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅

ឡ╔ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡼࡿࢲ࣓
ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࠿ࡽࡢ㜵Ἴሐ࣮ࢪࡶ㜵ࡆࡿ
ឡ╔ࡀ㞀ᐖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊࢺࣛ࢘ ឡ╔ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡼࡿࢲ࣓
࣐ࡢࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆཷࡅࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࠿ࡽࡢ㜵Ἴሐ࣮ࢪࡶ㜵ࡆࡿ
㸦Ᏻ඲ᇶᆅࡀ࡞࠸㸧 ឡ╔ࡀ㞀ᐖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊࢺࣛ࢘
ឡ╔ࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡼࡿࢲ࣓
࣐ࡢࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆཷࡅࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
࣮ࢪࡶ㜵ࡆࡿ
㸦Ᏻ඲ᇶᆅࡀ࡞࠸㸧ឡ╔ࡀ㞀ᐖࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊࢺࣛ࢘
࣐ࡢࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆཷࡅࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
㸦Ᏻ඲ᇶᆅࡀ࡞࠸㸧⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ឡ╔㞀ᐖ ឡ╔ࡢᙧᡂऒभঢ়બऋऩः‫؞‬௤ऩॎोथःॊ
⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅⫱࡚ࡿ⪅ឡ╔㞀ᐖ ឡ╔ࡢᙧᡂർดણ৿ऒॎऊढञै
ರढथऎॊ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿ⪅

⫱࡚ࡿ⪅

ឡ╔ࡢᙧᡂ

‫؞‬੦ম৓ਦ౅૎
‫؞‬ਗੀभੴ௙भඃ੭
‫঺؞‬ভ৓ૠ෇
‫ॺ؞‬ছक़ঐऊैभଆణ༕

਍৸੦৉'ᆺ࢔ࢱࢵࢳ࣓ࣥࢺ ᮏ᮶ࡣᏳᚰ࡛ࡁࡿࡣࡎࡢᏑᅾࡀᜍ
ࢀࡢᑐ㇟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ
'ᆺ࢔ࢱࢵࢳ࣓ࣥࢺ
ᵝࠎ࡞↓⛛ᗎࠊ↓᪉ྥ࡞ゝືࢆᮏ᮶ࡣᏳᚰ࡛ࡁࡿࡣࡎࡢᏑᅾࡀᜍ
♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ
ࢀࡢᑐ㇟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ
'ᆺ࢔ࢱࢵࢳ࣓ࣥࢺ ⿕⹢ᚅඣࡢ㸴㹼㸶๭ࡀࡇࡢࢱ࢖ࣉ
ᵝࠎ࡞↓⛛ᗎࠊ↓᪉ྥ࡞ゝືࢆᮏ᮶ࡣᏳᚰ࡛ࡁࡿࡣࡎࡢᏑᅾࡀᜍ
ࢆ♧ࡍ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ
ࢀࡢᑐ㇟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ
㸦ዟᒣ┾⣖Ꮚ㸧⿕⹢ᚅඣࡢ㸴㹼㸶๭ࡀࡇࡢࢱ࢖ࣉ
ᵝࠎ࡞↓⛛ᗎࠊ↓᪉ྥ࡞ゝືࢆࢆ♧ࡍ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ
㸦ዟᒣ┾⣖Ꮚ㸧⿕⹢ᚅඣࡢ㸴㹼㸶๭ࡀࡇࡢࢱ࢖ࣉࢆ♧ࡍᇶᗏḞᦆ㸦ዟᒣ┾⣖Ꮚ㸧ղࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡜㹎㹒㹑㹂ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࠕᚰⓗእയࠖ376'㸦3RVWWUDXPDWLFVWUHVVGLVRUGHU㸧

ࡇࡇࢁࡢ
ࣂࢣࢶ
ᗏࡀ࡞࠸࡜
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ

 ᨭ᥼ࡍࡿഃ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᚭᗏⓗ࡞ࠕヨࡋ⾜ືࠖࡸࠕࡋࡀࡳࡘࡁࠖࠊ
ࠕᗏ࡞ࡋࡢせồࠖ➼ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇᨭ᥼ࡍࡿഃ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᚭᗏⓗ࡞࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕヨࡋ⾜ືࠖࡸࠕࡋࡀࡳࡘࡁࠖࠊ
ࠕᗏ࡞ࡋࡢせồࠖ➼ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇᨭ᥼ࡍࡿഃ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᚭᗏⓗ࡞࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࠕヨࡋ⾜ືࠖࡸࠕࡋࡀࡳࡘࡁࠖࠊ
ࠕᗏ࡞ࡋࡢせồࠖ➼ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᚰࡣ⫱ࡓ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂

ᚰⓗእയᚋࢫࢺࣞࢫ㞀ᐖᴟࡵ࡚኱ࡁ࡞ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࡓᚋ࡟㉳ࡇࡗ
࡚ࡃࡿᵝࠎ࡞ࢫࢺࣞࢫ㞀ᐖ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᝟⥴㞀ᐖ

376' ࡘࡢ≉ᚩ᝿㉳㸦ࣇࣛࢵࢩࣗࣂࢵࢡ㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᚰࡣ⫱ࡓ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂
ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂
३ঙॵॡऩলਟহࢩࣙࢵࢡ࡞ฟ᮶஦ࢆᅛࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺
ᚰࡢᘬࡁฟࡋ࡟ࡋࡲ࠼ࡎࠊࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ
࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡑࡢࡲࡲཷࡅධࢀࡓࡽᚰࡀቯࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ
ࢩࣙࢵࢡ࡞ฟ᮶஦ࢆᅛࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺
෭෾ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺
ᚰࡢᘬࡁฟࡋ࡟ࡋࡲ࠼ࡎࠊࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ
࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡑࡢࡲࡲཷࡅධࢀࡓࡽᚰࡀቯࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ
෭෾ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ᅇ㑊࣭㯞⑷ ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿయ㦂ࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡍࡼ࠺࡞ሙᡤࠊேࠊ఍ヰ➼ࢆពᅗᅇ㑊࣭㯞⑷ⓗ㑊ࡅࡓࡾࠊࡲࡓࡣࠊ
ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿయ㦂ࢆᛮ࠸ฟᮏேࡢពᛮࡸពᅗ࡟㛵ࢃࡾ࡞ࡃࠊ
ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ሙᡤࠊேࠊ఍ヰ➼ࢆពᅗឤ᝟ࡀ㕌ࡗࡓࡾጤ⦰ࡋࡓࡾࠊグ᠈ⓗ㑊ࡅࡓࡾࠊࡲࡓࡣࠊ
ࢆ࡞ࡃࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
ᮏேࡢពᛮࡸពᅗ࡟㛵ࢃࡾ࡞ࡃࠊ
࡝ࡕࡽࡶࠊయ㦂࠿ࡽ㊥㞳ࢆྲྀࡿ࡜࠸
ឤ᝟ࡀ㕌ࡗࡓࡾጤ⦰ࡋࡓࡾࠊグ᠈
࠺Ⅼ࡛ඹ㏻ࡍࡿ
ࢆ࡞ࡃࡋࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ✀㢮࡝ࡕࡽࡶࠊయ㦂࠿ࡽ㊥㞳ࢆྲྀࡿ࡜࠸
࠺Ⅼ࡛ඹ㏻ࡍࡿ
༢⣧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘

ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ✀㢮⅏ᐖ࣭஦ᨾ࡞࡝༢Ⓨࡢࡶࡢ」㞧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘
༢⣧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘
㛗ᮇ㛫⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡶࡢ
⅏ᐖ࣭஦ᨾ࡞࡝༢ⓎࡢࡶࡢᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⹢ᚅ࡛ࡣⓎ㐩㏵ୖ࡟」㞧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘
࠾ࡅࡿࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂࡜࡞ࡿ㛗ᮇ㛫⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡶࡢ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ⹢ᚅ࡛ࡣⓎ㐩㏵ୖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂࡜࡞ࡿゎ㞳㸦࠿࠸ࡾ㸧ᚰⓗእയ࡬ࡢ⮬ᕫ㜵⾨࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊゎ㞳㸦࠿࠸ࡾ㸧⮬ᡃࡢྠ୍ᛶࡀኻࢃࢀࡿ≧ែࠋ㸦ே᱁ࡀศ࠿ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ㣕ࢇ࡛ࡋᚰⓗእയ࡬ࡢ⮬ᕫ㜵⾨࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡲ࠺͐➼㸧⮬ᡃࡢྠ୍ᛶࡀኻࢃࢀࡿ≧ែࠋ㸦ே᱁ࡀศ࠿ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ㣕ࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ࠺͐➼㸧⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⮫ᗋീ

࡚ࡃࡿᵝࠎ࡞ࢫࢺࣞࢫ㞀ᐖ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ᝟⥴㞀ᐖ

376' ࡘࡢ≉ᚩ᝿㉳㸦ࣇࣛࢵࢩࣗࣂࢵࢡ㸧ᚰⓗእയࢆཷࡅࡓࡢࡕ࡟ࠊ
376' ࡘࡢ≉ᚩࡑࡢࡇ࡜࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿఱ࠿ࢆ
᝿㉳㸦ࣇࣛࢵࢩࣗࣂࢵࢡ㸧ࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ᚰⓗእയࢆཷࡅࡓࡢࡕ࡟ࠊ
✺↛ࡑࡢฟ᮶஦ࡀᛮ࠸ฟࡉࢀࡓࡾࠊ
ࡑࡢࡇ࡜࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿఱ࠿ࢆ
ክ࡟ฟࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
ࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ
㌟య཯ᛂࡶక࠺ࠋ
✺↛ࡑࡢฟ᮶஦ࡀᛮ࠸ฟࡉࢀࡓࡾࠊ
ክ࡟ฟࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
㌟య཯ᛂࡶక࠺ࠋ㐣ぬ㓰 ༴㝤࡞య㦂࡬ࡢ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿ⚄⤒㐣ᩄ࡞≧ែࡀࠊࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ㐣ぬ㓰య㦂㸦༴ᶵ㸧ࡀཤࡗࡓᚋࡶᣢࡕ㉺༴㝤࡞య㦂࡬ࡢ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿ⚄⤒㐣ࡉࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ⏕ࡌࡿࡶࡢࠋ
ᩄ࡞≧ែࡀࠊࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ
㸦࡯ࢇࡢல⣽࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡶᩄឤ࡟཯ᛂ
య㦂㸦༴ᶵ㸧ࡀཤࡗࡓᚋࡶᣢࡕ㉺ࡋࡓࡾࠊධ╀ᅔ㞴ࠊ㏵୰ぬ㓰➼ࡢࡉࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ⏕ࡌࡿࡶࡢࠋ
╧╀㞀ᐖ➼㸧
㸦࡯ࢇࡢல⣽࡞ࡇ࡜࡛ࡶᩄឤ࡟཯ᛂ
ࡋࡓࡾࠊධ╀ᅔ㞴ࠊ㏵୰ぬ㓰➼ࡢ╧╀㞀ᐖ➼㸧
」㞧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡼࡿ376'
༢⣧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡼࡿ376'࡟ຍ࠼」㞧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡼࡿ376'
ࠕឤ᝟࣭⾪ືࡢㄪᩚ㞀ᐖࠖࠕグ᠈ࡢḞᦆࠖ
༢⣧ᛶࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘࡟ࡼࡿ376'࡟ຍ࠼ࠕ⮬ᕫㄆ㆑࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㞀ᐖࠖࠕឤ᝟࣭⾪ືࡢㄪᩚ㞀ᐖࠖࠕグ᠈ࡢḞᦆࠖ ➼ࡶࡳࡽࢀࡿ
ࠕ⮬ᕫㄆ㆑࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㞀ᐖࠖ➼ࡶࡳࡽࢀࡿ

⹢ᚅ⿕ᐖ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᚰ⌮ࡢ≉ᚩ࣭↓ຊ໬࣭ឤ᝟ࡢ㯞⑷ࡸ㕌㯞⹢ᚅ⿕ᐖ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᚰ⌮ࡢ≉ᚩ࣭ຍᐖ⪅࡬ࡢ᥋㏆㸦⌮᝿໬㸧࣭↓ຊ໬࣭ឤ᝟ࡢ㯞⑷ࡸ㕌㯞࣭ຍᐖ⪅࡬ࡢ᥋㏆㸦⌮᝿໬㸧⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⮫ᗋീㄡ࡟ࡶຓࡅࢆồࡵ࡞࠸ࠋồࡵ᪉ࡀศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
ឡࡍࡿேࡲࡓࡣឡ᝟ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡿேࢆᨷᧁࡍࡿ
Ᏻᚰ࡛ࡁࡿሙ࡛୙✜࡟࡞ࡿࠋэᏳᚰࡔ࡜ᛮ࠼ࡿ⎔ቃࡸே㛫㛵᪋タ࡛ࡢ஦౛࠿ࡽ
ಀࡢ୰࡛ࠊ⿕⹢ᚅඣࡢ⑕≧ࡣฟ࡚࣭ࠕࡸࡉࡋࡃࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢃࡃ࡞ࡗࡃࡿࠋࡕࡷ࠺ࠖ᪋タ࡛ࡢ஦౛࠿ࡽ
࣭ಖ⫱⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡀࡼࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚
࣭ࠕࡸࡉࡋࡃࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢃࡃ࡞ࡗ
ࡃࡿ࡜ࠊ⮬ศ࠿ࡽቯࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮚࡕࡷ࠺ࠖ࡝ࡶ ᪋タ࡛ࡢ஦౛࠿ࡽ
࣭ಖ⫱⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡀࡼࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚
࣭ࠕࡸࡉࡋࡃࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡇࢃࡃ࡞ࡗ
࣭ಖ⫱⪅࡟⏑࠼࡞ࡀࡽࠊᨷᧁࡋ࡚
ࡃࡿ࡜ࠊ⮬ศ࠿ࡽቯࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮚ
ࡕࡷ࠺ࠖ
ࡃࡿᗂඣ
࡝ࡶ
࣭ಖ⫱⪅࡜ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࡀࡼࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚
࣭ಖ⫱⪅࡟⏑࠼࡞ࡀࡽࠊᨷᧁࡋ࡚
ࡃࡿ࡜ࠊ⮬ศ࠿ࡽቯࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮚ
ࡃࡿᗂඣ࡝ࡶ࣭ಖ⫱⪅࡟⏑࠼࡞ࡀࡽࠊᨷᧁࡋ࡚
ࡃࡿᗂඣᏊ࡝ࡶࡢࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࠖ࡟ࡣ⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ
ே㛫㛵ಀࡸୡ⏺ほࡀ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡢࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࠖ࡟ࡣ⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ
኱ே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢࠕၿᝏุ࡛᩿ࠖ
ே㛫㛵ಀࡸୡ⏺ほࡀ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡢࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࠖ࡟ࡣࡋ࡞࠸ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ
⹢ᚅ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓ
኱ே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢࠕၿᝏุ࡛᩿ࠖ
ே㛫㛵ಀࡸୡ⏺ほࡀ࠶ࡿࡋ࡞࠸ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ
኱ே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢࠕၿᝏุ࡛᩿ࠖ
ࡋ࡞࠸ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ

⃭ࡋࡃே᱁ࡸ≧ែࡀ㌿᥮ࡍࡿࠋ୍㈏ᛶࡀ࡞ࡃᮏேࡢグ᠈࡟࡞࠸ࠋ
୙Ᏻࢆឤࡌࡓ᫬࡟ゎ㞳ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࣃࢽࢵࢡࢆ㉳ࡇࡍ⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࡢከࡃࡣ
⏕ࡁṧࡿࡓࡵ࡟㐣㓞࡞⎔ቃ࡟㐺ᛂࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࡢከࡃࡣ
ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚኱
⏕ࡁṧࡿࡓࡵ࡟㐣㓞࡞⎔ቃ࡟㐺ᛂேࡀᤊ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ゝືࡢഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ
⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡓᏊ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࡢከࡃࡣ
ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚኱
⏕ࡁṧࡿࡓࡵ࡟㐣㓞࡞⎔ቃ࡟㐺ᛂᑐᛂࡍࡿ኱ேࡢឤ᝟ࡀ⏕ࠎࡋࡃᦂேࡀᤊ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ゝືࡢഴྥࢆ♧ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡉࡪࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ
ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ
ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚኱
ᑐᛂࡍࡿ኱ேࡢឤ᝟ࡀ⏕ࠎࡋࡃᦂேࡀᤊ࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ゝືࡢഴྥࢆ♧ࡉࡪࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ
ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿ
ᑐᛂࡍࡿ኱ேࡢឤ᝟ࡀ⏕ࠎࡋࡃᦂࡉࡪࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ

ᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ࡢ┠ᶆ ೺ᗣࠊᏳ඲࡛ᖾ⚟࡞⏕άࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞⏕ά⩦័࣭ែᗘࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ೺඲࡞ᚰ㌟ࡢᇶ♏ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ ே࡬ࡢឡ᝟ࡸಙ㢗ឤࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ⮬❧࡜༠ྠࡢែᗘཬࡧ㐨ᚨᛶࡢⱆ⏕࠼ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
⮬↛࡞࡝ࡢ㌟㏆࡞஦㇟࡬ࡢ⯆࿡ࡸ㛵ᚰࢆ⫱࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡽ ೺ᗣࠊᏳ඲࡛ᖾ⚟࡞⏕άࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞⏕ά⩦័࣭࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㇏࠿࡞ᚰ᝟ࡸᛮ⪃ຊࡢⱆ⏕࠼ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍ
ែᗘࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ೺඲࡞ᚰ㌟ࡢᇶ♏ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ ࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
ே࡬ࡢឡ᝟ࡸಙ㢗ឤࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ⮬❧࡜༠ྠࡢែᗘཬࡧ㐨 ᚨᛶࡢⱆ⏕࠼ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
᪥ᖖ⏕άࡢ୰࡛ゝⴥ࡬ࡢ⯆࿡ࡸ㛵ᚰࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ႐ࢇ࡛ヰ ࡋࡓࡾ⪺࠸ࡓࡾࡍࡿែᗘࡸゝⴥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿឤぬࢆ㣴࠺ࡼ೺ᗣࠊᏳ඲࡛ᖾ⚟࡞⏕άࡢࡓࡵࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞⏕ά⩦័࣭⮬↛࡞࡝ࡢ㌟㏆࡞஦㇟࡬ࡢ⯆࿡ࡸ㛵ᚰࢆ⫱࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡽ
࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
ែᗘࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ೺඲࡞ᚰ㌟ࡢᇶ♏ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㇏࠿࡞ᚰ᝟ࡸᛮ⪃ຊࡢⱆ⏕࠼ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍ ࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
ከᵝ࡞య㦂ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㇏࠿࡞ឤᛶࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ๰㐀ᛶࢆ㇏࠿ே࡬ࡢឡ᝟ࡸಙ㢗ឤࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ⮬❧࡜༠ྠࡢែᗘཬࡧ㐨ᚨᛶࡢⱆ⏕࠼ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ ࡟ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
᪥ᖖ⏕άࡢ୰࡛ゝⴥ࡬ࡢ⯆࿡ࡸ㛵ᚰࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ႐ࢇ࡛ヰᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ࡢ┠ᶆᗂ⛶ᅬᩍ⫱ࡢ┠ᶆ ࡋࡓࡾ⪺࠸ࡓࡾࡍࡿែᗘࡸゝⴥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿឤぬࢆ㣴࠺ࡼ⮬↛࡞࡝ࡢ㌟㏆࡞஦㇟࡬ࡢ⯆࿡ࡸ㛵ᚰࢆ⫱࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡽ
࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㇏࠿࡞ᚰ᝟ࡸᛮ⪃ຊࡢⱆ⏕࠼ࢆᇵ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍ ࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
ከᵝ࡞య㦂ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㇏࠿࡞ឤᛶࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ๰㐀ᛶࢆ㇏࠿ ࡟ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
᪥ᖖ⏕άࡢ୰࡛ゝⴥ࡬ࡢ⯆࿡ࡸ㛵ᚰࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ႐ࢇ࡛ヰࡋࡓࡾ⪺࠸ࡓࡾࡍࡿែᗘࡸゝⴥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿឤぬࢆ㣴࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ
 ከᵝ࡞య㦂ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㇏࠿࡞ឤᛶࢆ⫱࡚ࠊ๰㐀ᛶࢆ㇏࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠋ

ᩥ⛉┬ࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࢆ㉳ࡇࡍඣ❺⏕ᚐ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᣦᑟ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸦㏻▱㸧ࠖࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ἞⒪ ࠸ࡌࡵࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊẎᩥ⛉┬ࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࢆ㉳ࡇࡍඣ❺⏕↛࡜ࡋࡓᑐᛂ࡜⢓ࡾᙉ࠸ᣦᑟ࡟
ᚐ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᣦᑟ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸦㏻▱㸧ࠖࡼࡾࠊ࠸ࡌࡵࡣ⤯ᑐ࡟チࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡌࡵࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊẎ
࠸⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ༝᛼࡛᜝ࡎ
ᩥ⛉┬ࠕၥ㢟⾜ືࢆ㉳ࡇࡍඣ❺⏕↛࡜ࡋࡓᑐᛂ࡜⢓ࡾᙉ࠸ᣦᑟ࡟
࡭ࡁ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆ㆑ࡉࡏ
ᚐ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᣦᑟ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸦㏻▱㸧ࠖࡼࡾࠊ࠸ࡌࡵࡣ⤯ᑐ࡟チࡉࢀ࡞ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
࠸ࡌࡵࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊẎ
࠸⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ༝᛼࡛᜝ࡎ
↛࡜ࡋࡓᑐᛂ࡜⢓ࡾᙉ࠸ᣦᑟ࡟
࡭ࡁ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆ㆑ࡉࡏ
ࡼࡾࠊ࠸ࡌࡵࡣ⤯ᑐ࡟チࡉࢀ࡞ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
࠸⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ༝᛼࡛᜝ࡎ
࡭ࡁ⾜Ⅽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄆ㆑ࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡾࡲࡍࠋ

෌య㦂ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ἞⒪ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂ࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋࠊᙜ᫬ࡢ
ㄆ▱ࡸឤ᝟ࢆ෌ࡧయ㦂ࡍࡿ෌య㦂ࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘ࡢ἞⒪ゎᨺࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂ࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋࠊᙜ᫬ࡢ
ࡑࢀࡽࡢㄆ▱ࡸឤ᝟ࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿㄆ▱ࡸឤ᝟ࢆ෌ࡧయ㦂ࡍࡿ෌య㦂ゎᨺࢺ࣐ࣛ࢘య㦂ࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋࠊᙜ᫬ࡢ
ㄆ▱ࡸឤ᝟ࢆ෌ࡧయ㦂ࡍࡿࡑࢀࡽࡢㄆ▱ࡸឤ᝟ࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿゎᨺࡑࢀࡽࡢㄆ▱ࡸឤ᝟ࢆ⾲⌧ࡍࡿ෌⤫ྜ୍ࡘࡢ㐣ཤࡢグ᠈࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࡉࡽ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘグ᠈࡜ࡋ෌⤫ྜ࡚෌ࡧࡘ࡞ࡂྜࢃࡏࡿ
୍ࡘࡢ㐣ཤࡢグ᠈࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ

㸰㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ㈋ᅔ࣭㠀⾜ࡉࡽ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘグ᠈࡜ࡋ෌⤫ྜ࡚෌ࡧࡘ࡞ࡂྜࢃࡏࡿ
୍ࡘࡢ㐣ཤࡢグ᠈࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࡉࡽ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸ព࿡ࢆᣢࡘグ᠈࡜ࡋ࡚෌ࡧࡘ࡞ࡂྜࢃࡏࡿ

㸰㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ㈋ᅔ࣭㠀⾜㸰㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢⓎ㐩㞀ᐖ㈋ᅔ࣭㠀⾜㸦㸯㸧Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖձෆᐜ
㸦㸯㸧Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖձෆᐜ
㸦㸯㸧Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖձෆᐜ౼भஓସ৓௽૩‫؞‬౮ଞ

৅୸௽૩৕नुྦୄ൧૵भणऊऩः
৕नु

ղ⹢ᚅ࡜Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖࡢ┦㛵⿕⹢ᚅඣࡣࠕⓎ㐩㞀ᐖࠖࡢࡼ࠺
࡞⾜ືࢆ♧ࡍࠋղ⹢ᚅ࡜Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖࡢ┦㛵ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⹢ᚅࡢ᪤ ࡀ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ
⿕⹢ᚅඣࡣࠕⓎ㐩㞀ᐖࠖࡢࡼ࠺
࡟ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ἞⒪᪉ἲ࡛ࡣᑐᛂ࡛
࡞⾜ືࢆ♧ࡍࠋղ⹢ᚅ࡜Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖࡢ┦㛵ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⹢ᚅࡢ᪤ ࡀ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ
Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࠊ⫱࡚࡟ࡃ⿕⹢ᚅඣࡣࠕⓎ㐩㞀ᐖࠖࡢࡼ࠺
࡟ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ἞⒪᪉ἲ࡛ࡣᑐᛂ࡛
ࡉࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡸࡍ࠸ሙྜࡀ࠶
࡞⾜ືࢆ♧ࡍࠋ
ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡿࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⹢ᚅࡢ᪤ ࡀ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶ
Ⓨ㐩㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࠊ⫱࡚࡟ࡃ࡟ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ἞⒪᪉ἲ࡛ࡣᑐᛂ࡛
ࡉࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡸࡍ࠸ሙྜࡀ࠶
ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡿⓎ㐩㞀ᐖࡢ࠶ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࠊ⫱࡚࡟ࡃ ᖺࠕ᱁ᕪ♫఍ࠖࡉࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⹢ᚅࢆཷࡅࡸࡍ࠸ሙྜࡀ࠶ ᖺ 2(&'㸦⤒῭༠ຊ㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸧ࡿࠕᑐ᪥⤒῭ᑂᰝሗ࿌᭩ࠖ

ྦୄपेॊ
ఎା௽૩
ॺছक़ঐ৬ୡ
पेॊ౼भॲও‫ش‬४

ྦୄपेढथ
৅েखञੱମ‫؞‬ষ৿भ
௽૩㸦㸰㸧ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔࠖ
㸦㸰㸧ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔࠖ
㸦㸰㸧ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔࠖ

ࠕ᪥ᮏࡢ┦ᑐⓗ㈋ᅔ⋡ࡀ2(&'ㅖᅜෆ࡛ࡣࠊ
࢔࣓ࣜ࢝࡟ḟ࠸࡛➨஧఩࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔ⋡ࡀ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚎࠎ࡟ୖ
᪼ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࠖ
ࠕ2(&'ㅖᅜࡢᖹᆒ࡟ẚ࡭࡚㧗࠸ࠖࠕ┦ᑐⓗ㈋ᅔࠖ࡜ࡣ
♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙜࡓࡾ๓࡜ᛮࢃࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ⏕άࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸≧ែࢆᣦࡍࠕ┦ᑐⓗ㈋ᅔ⋡ࠖ࡜ࡣ୍ᐃᇶ‽㸦㈋ᅔ⥺㸧ࢆୗᅇࡿ➼౯ྍฎศᡤᚓࡋ࠿ᚓ࡚࠸࡞࠸⪅ࡢ๭ྜࠋᖺ ୓෇

ձ⌧≧

ղ㈋ᅔ࡜⹢ᚅࡢⓎ⏕ᖹᡂ㸰㸴ᖺ∧Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࣭ⱝ⪅ⓑ᭩ᖺ

ձ⌧≧ᖹᡂ㸰㸴ᖺ∧Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࣭ⱝ⪅ⓑ᭩୓෇ղ㈋ᅔ࡜⹢ᚅࡢⓎ⏕ࠕ඲ᅜඣ❺┦ㄯᡤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐙᗞᨭ᥼࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣㄪᰝࠖձ⌧≧ᖹᡂ㸰㸴ᖺ∧Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࣭ⱝ⪅ⓑ᭩

ফ
٫

⹢ᚅ㏻࿌ࡉࢀࡓᐙᗞࡢ๭ࡀẕᏊᐙ
ղ㈋ᅔ࡜⹢ᚅࡢⓎ⏕ᗞࠕ඲ᅜඣ❺┦ㄯᡤ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐙᗞᨭ᥼࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ≧ἣㄪᰝࠖ⹢ᚅ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿᐙᗞ࣭
⹢ᚅ㏻࿌ࡉࢀࡓᐙᗞࡢ๭ࡀẕᏊᐙᐙ᪘ࡢ≧ἣᗞэ఩⤒῭ⓗᅔ㞴㸦㸣㸧⹢ᚅ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿᐙᗞ࣭
఩⹢ᚅ⪅ࡢᚰ㌟ࡢ≧ែ㸦㸣㸧ᐙ᪘ࡢ≧ἣэ఩⤒῭ⓗᅔ㞴㸦㸣㸧఩⹢ᚅ⪅ࡢᚰ㌟ࡢ≧ែ㸦㸣㸧ᖺ 㸴᭶ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔᑐ⟇ࡢ᥎㐍࡟㛵ࡍࡿἲᚊࠖ
ᖺ᭶
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ኱⥘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ
ᖺ 㸴᭶ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔᑐ⟇ࡢ᥎㐍࡟㛵ࡍࡿἲᚊࠖ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᑗ᮶ࡀࡑࡢ⏕ࡲࢀ⫱ࡗࡓ⎔ቃᖺ᭶
࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᕥྑࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ㈋ᅔ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ኱⥘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ㈋ᅔࡀୡ௦ࢆ㉸࠼࡚㐃㙐ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡞
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᑗ᮶ࡀࡑࡢ⏕ࡲࢀ⫱ࡗࡓ⎔ቃ࠸ࡼ࠺࡟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᕥྑࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟
ᚲせ࡞⎔ቃᩚഛ࡜ᩍ⫱ࡢᶵ఍ᆒ➼ࢆᅗ㈋ᅔࡀୡ௦ࢆ㉸࠼࡚㐃㙐ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡞
ࡿ
࠸ࡼ࠺࡟
య⨩
ᚲせ࡞⎔ቃᩚഛ࡜ᩍ⫱ࡢᶵ఍ᆒ➼ࢆᅗࡿ๓㢌๓㔝ෆഃ๓㢌⓶㉁㸦ᛮ⪃ࡸ≢⨥ᢚṆຊ࡟㛵୚㸧య⨩኱⬻⓶㉁๓㢌๓㔝ෆഃ๓㢌⓶㉁㹂㹔ࡢ┠ᧁ㸦ᛮ⪃ࡸ≢⨥ᢚṆຊ࡟㛵୚㸧▱ⓗ⬟ຊࠊグ᠈ຊ࡟ᙳ㡪
኱⬻⓶㉁
㹂㹔ࡢ┠ᧁ
▱ⓗ⬟ຊࠊグ᠈ຊ࡟ᙳ㡪㸦㸱㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ㠀⾜⬻࡬ࡢࢲ࣓࣮ࢪ ཭⏣ᛶ⹢ᚅ㸦㸱㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢ㠀⾜ᚋ㢌ⴥࡢどゅ㔝㸦≀ࢆぢ࡚᭱ึ࡟⬻࡬ࡢࢲ࣓࣮ࢪ ཭⏣᝟ሗࡀධࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ㸧ᛶ⹢ᚅᭀゝ⹢ᚅᚋ㢌ⴥࡢどゅ㔝㸦≀ࢆぢ࡚᭱ึ࡟⫈ぬ㔝᝟ሗࡀධࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ㸧ᭀゝ⹢ᚅ⫈ぬ㔝ϩ㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ྥࡁྜ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟
㸯㸬ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟ࠖࢆࡳ࠼࡞ࡃࡍ
ϩ㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡜ྥࡁྜ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟
ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡣ㸯㸬ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟ࠖࢆࡳ࠼࡞ࡃࡍ
ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡣ

㸦㸯㸧ྰㄆ
ձྰㄆࡣㄡ࡟ࠊ࡞ࡐ㉳ࡁࡿࡢ࠿㸦㸰㸧ᩍ఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞๓ᥦࠖ㸦㸯㸧ྰㄆᑓ㛛ᐙ࡟ࡶ㉳ࡁࡿձྰㄆࡣㄡ࡟ࠊ࡞ࡐ㉳ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࠕၥ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸࡯࠺ࡀᖹᏳࠖ

㸦㸰㸧ᩍ఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ᐀ᩍⓗ࡞๓ᥦࠖࠕࡑࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀ࡚ࡶᅔࡿࠖ
ᑓ㛛ᐙ࡟ࡶ㉳ࡁࡿղ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣఱࡀᚲせ࠿ࠕၥ㢟ࡣ࡞࠸࡯࠺ࡀᖹᏳࠖ
ࠕ▱㆑ࠖ࡜ࠕࢳ࣮࣒ࠖ
ࠕࡑࢇ࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆゝࢃࢀ࡚ࡶᅔࡿࠖ
ղ஌ࡾ㉺࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣఱࡀᚲせ࠿ࠕ▱㆑ࠖ࡜ࠕࢳ࣮࣒ࠖ

࢔ࣜࢫ࣭࣑࣮ࣛ ࠕ⪷᭩ࡢゝⴥࡀࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࢆᢚᅽࡍࡿ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

ᩍ఍ࡢ୰࡟↓ព㆑࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ࠸ࡃࡘ
࠿ࡢࠕ๓ᥦ㸦౯್ほ㸧ࠖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟ࡀࡳ࠼࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ᩍ఍ࡢ୰࡟↓ព㆑࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ࠸ࡃࡘ
࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ
࠿ࡢࠕ๓ᥦ㸦౯್ほ㸧ࠖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢㄢ㢟ࡀࡳ࠼࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ

ഇᡂ⇍࢔ࣜࢫ࣭࣑࣮ࣛ ࠕ⪷᭩ࡢゝⴥࡀࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࢆᢚᅽࡍࡿ᰿ᣐ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࣄࢺ࣮ࣛࡢᏊ࡝ࡶ᫬௦ࢆศᯒ
ࠕ኱ேࡀ⤯ᑐ࡟ṇࡋࡃࠊᚭᗏⓗ࡟ᚑ㡰࡛࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡘࡅࡽࢀࡓᏊ౪ࡓࡕ
ࡀࣄࢺ࣮ࣛࢆᐜㄆࡋࡓࠋࠖ
ࠕ኱ே࠿ࡽࡢᶒ฼౵ᐖ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡿឤ᝟ࢆᢚᅽࡏࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠖ

ࠕ⪷᭩ⓗ࡞㸽ࠖࡋࡘࡅ㸽㸽㸦㸯㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࡢ⌮ゎ㸰㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࡢᨭ᥼࡟
ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡣ

㸦㸯㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࡢ⌮ゎᅜ㐃ேᶒጤဨ఍
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼᮲⣙ጤဨ఍࣏࣮ࠖࣛࣥࢻ௦⾲ 㸿࣭࢛࢘ࣃࢺ࢝
ᅜ㐃ேᶒጤဨ఍
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣ༢࡟㓄៖࡜ࢣ࢔ࡢᑐ㇟
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼᮲⣙ጤဨ఍࡛ࠖࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᶒ฼࡜࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻ௦⾲ 㸿࣭࢛࢘ࣃࢺ࢝
᰿※ⓗ࡞⮬⏤ࡢ୺య࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ
ᅜ㐃ேᶒጤဨ఍
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣ༢࡟㓄៖࡜ࢣ࢔ࡢᑐ㇟
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼᮲⣙ጤဨ఍ࠖࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣே㛫࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊே㛫࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᶒ฼࡜࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻ௦⾲㸿࣭࢛࢘ࣃࢺ࢝
ࡢࠗ⬇࡛࠘ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࠖ
᰿※ⓗ࡞⮬⏤ࡢ୺య࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣ༢࡟㓄៖࡜ࢣ࢔ࡢᑐ㇟
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣே㛫࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊே㛫࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡴࡋࢁᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᶒ฼࡜ࡢࠗ⬇࡛࠘ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࠖ
᰿※ⓗ࡞⮬⏤ࡢ୺య࡛࠶ࡿࠋࠖ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣே㛫࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊே㛫ࡢࠗ⬇࡛࠘ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࠖ᥇ᢥ ᖺ
ⓎຠᖺձᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼᮲⣙ࡢᛮ᝿ᅜ㝿ἲつ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᢈ෸ࡋࡓᅜࡢ
᥇ᢥᖺᅜෆἲࢆつᐃࡍࡿࠋ
ⓎຠᖺձᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼᮲⣙ࡢᛮ᝿
᪥ᮏࡢᢈ෸
ᖺ
᥇ᢥ
ᅜ㝿ἲつ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᢈ෸ࡋࡓᅜࡢ
ᖺᅜෆἲࢆつᐃࡍࡿࠋⓎຠᖺ ᪥ᮏࡢᢈ෸ᖺᅜ㝿ἲつ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᢈ෸ࡋࡓᅜࡢ
ᅜෆἲࢆつᐃࡍࡿࠋ
᪥ᮏࡢᢈ෸ ᖺ

ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࡢᑛ㔜ࠖ㸦ᢤ⢋㸧ࣖࢾࢩ࣭ࣗࢥࣝࢳࣕࢵࢡࡢᛮ᝿
㸧᪥ᮏࣖࢾࢩࣗࢥࣝࢳࣕࢵࢡ༠఍

㸧ࣖࢾࢩ࣭ࣗࢥࣝࢳࣕࢵࢡࡢᛮ᝿
㸧ࠕ࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻᗈሗᩥ໬ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠖ㹆㹎ࡼࡾࠕ࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻᗈሗᩥ໬ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠖ㹆㹎ࡼࡾࠕ࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻᗈሗᩥ໬ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࠖ㹆㹎ࡼࡾ㹆㹎ࡼࡾ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆ୍ேࡢே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ᑛ㔜ࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࠕᡤ᭷≀࡛ࠖࡣ࡞࠸
᪥ᮏࣖࢾࢩࣗࢥࣝࢳࣕࢵࢡ༠఍ 㹆㹎ࡼࡾ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡣᐆࡃࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆ୍ேࡢே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ᑛ㔜ࡋ࡞ࡉࡀᙼ⮬㌟࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࠋ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࡢᑛ㔜ࠖ㸦ᢤ⢋㸧࠸ࠋᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࠕᡤ᭷≀࡛ࠖࡣ࡞࠸ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡶ㐣ࡕࢆ≢ࡍࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ
᪥ᮏࣖࢾࢩࣗࢥࣝࢳࣕࢵࢡ༠఍ 㹆㹎ࡼࡾᏊ࡝ࡶࡣᐆࡃࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾ
ࡀ኱ேࡼࡾហ࠿ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊே㛫Ꮚ࡝ࡶࢆ୍ேࡢே㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ᑛ㔜ࡋ࡞ࡉࡀᙼ⮬㌟࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࠋ
ࡔ࠿ࡽࡔࠋ᏶඲࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡞࡝࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
࠸ࠋᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࠕᡤ᭷≀࡛ࠖࡣ࡞࠸
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡶ㐣ࡕࢆ≢ࡍࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡣᐆࡃࡌ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾ
ࡀ኱ேࡼࡾហ࠿ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊே㛫ࡀᙼ⮬㌟࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࠋ
ࡔ࠿ࡽࡔࠋ᏶඲࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡞࡝࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡶ㐣ࡕࢆ≢ࡍࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᏊ࡝ࡶ
ࡀ኱ேࡼࡾហ࠿ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊே㛫ࡔ࠿ࡽࡔࠋ᏶඲࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡞࡝࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࡢᑛ㔜ࠖ㸦ᢤ⢋㸧ࣖࢾࢩ࣭ࣗࢥࣝࢳࣕࢵࢡࡢᛮ᝿

㸦ᖺ㹼ᖺ㸸࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻࡢᑠඣ⛉་㸰㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࡢᨭ᥼࡟
ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡣ
㸰㸬Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡓࡕࡢᨭ᥼࡟
ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡣ

ձᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼᮲⣙ࡢᛮ᝿㸦ᖺ㹼ᖺ㸸࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻࡢᑠඣ⛉་ ࠕࡼ࠸Ꮚࠖ
ᮏᙜ࡟⮬ศࡢឤ᝟ࡀฟࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿
ࠕࡼ࠸Ꮚ࡛ࠖ࡞࠸࡜ཷࡅධࢀ࡚ࡶ
ࡽ࠼࡞࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸࠿

㸦㸯㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࡢ⌮ゎయ⨩ࡢၥ㢟ࠕࠗ⩏࠘ࡸࠗ㉢࠸࠘ࢆᩍ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ
࡟ࡣ⨩ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠖయ⨩ࡢၥ㢟ࠕ⪷᭩ⓗ࡞㸽ࠖࡋࡘࡅ㸽㸽ࠕ⮬ศࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࠊ࠾∗ࡉࢇࡀ⮬ࠕࠗ⩏࠘ࡸࠗ㉢࠸࠘ࢆᩍ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ
ศࡢయࢆ྇࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠖ
࡟ࡣ⨩ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ య⨩ࡢၥ㢟ࠕ⮬ศࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࠊ࠾∗ࡉࢇࡀ⮬ ࠕࠗ⩏࠘ࡸࠗ㉢࠸࠘ࢆᩍ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ
ศࡢయࢆ྇࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠖ
࡟ࡣ⨩ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ ࠕ⮬ศࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࠊ࠾∗ࡉࢇࡀ⮬ศࡢయࢆ྇࠸࡚࠸ࡓࠖ

ࠕ⪷᭩ⓗ࡞㸽ࠖࡋࡘࡅ㸽㸽㸦ᖺ㹼ᖺ㸸࣏࣮ࣛࣥࢻࡢᑠඣ⛉་ഇᡂ⇍Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᝒࡋࡳࢆᑛ㔜ࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋ
ࡓ࡜࠼ࡑࢀࡀኻࡗࡓ࢜ࣁࢪ୍࢟ࡘ
࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡲࡓṚࢇࡔᑠ㫽ࡢࡇᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᝒࡋࡳࢆᑛ㔜ࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋ
࡜࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠋ
ࡓ࡜࠼ࡑࢀࡀኻࡗࡓ࢜ࣁࢪ୍࢟ࡘ

Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡣᖾ⚟࡟࡞ࡿᶒ฼ࢆᣢࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᖾ⚟↓ࡋ࡟ࠊ኱ே
ࡢᖾ⚟ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡣᖾ⚟࡟࡞ࡿᶒ฼ࢆᣢࡗ࡚

࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡲࡓṚࢇࡔᑠ㫽ࡢࡇ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡢᝒࡋࡳࢆᑛ㔜ࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋ
࡜࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠋ
ࡓ࡜࠼ࡑࢀࡀኻࡗࡓ࢜ࣁࢪ୍࢟ࡘ

࠸ࡿࠋᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᖾ⚟↓ࡋ࡟ࠊ኱ே
ࡢᖾ⚟ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸ Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡣᖾ⚟࡟࡞ࡿᶒ฼ࢆᣢࡗ࡚

࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊࡲࡓṚࢇࡔᑠ㫽ࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠋ

࠸ࡿࠋᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᖾ⚟↓ࡋ࡟ࠊ኱ே
ࡢᖾ⚟ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸

ղᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢྥࡁྜ࠸᪉
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࡍ࡛࡟ே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࠖᮍ᮶ࡢࡓࡵ࡟‽ഛࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿᏑᅾ࡛
ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ௒ࡇࡢ᫬ࢆ኱ษ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࡍ࡛࡟ே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࠖᮍ᮶ࡢࡓࡵ࡟‽ഛࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿᏑᅾ࡛
ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ௒ࡇࡢ᫬ࢆ኱ษ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
ࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡣࡍ࡛࡟ே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࠖᮍ᮶ࡢࡓࡵ࡟‽ഛࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿᏑᅾ࡛
ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ௒ࡇࡢ᫬ࢆ኱ษ࡟ࡍࡿࠋ

ղᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢྥࡁྜ࠸᪉
ղᏊ࡝ࡶ࡜ࡢྥࡁྜ࠸᪉

ᶒ฼ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ
ࡘࡢどⅬ㸦᳃⏣ࡺࡾ㸧Ᏻ඲ᶒ฼ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ
Ⓨ㐩ẁ㝵࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊᏳᚰ࣭Ᏻ඲࡞
ࡘࡢどⅬ㸦᳃⏣ࡺࡾ㸧⎔ቃࡢ୰࡛ࠊ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜Ᏻ඲⮬⏤ ᶒ฼ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ
Ⓨ㐩ẁ㝵࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊᏳᚰ࣭Ᏻ඲࡞
ࡘࡢどⅬ㸦᳃⏣ࡺࡾ㸧Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀࠊ⮬ศ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ
⎔ቃࡢ୰࡛ࠊ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜
Ᏻ඲኱ேࡢᨭ᥼ࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽࡶ⮬ศ࡛⮬⏤Ⓨ㐩ẁ㝵࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊᏳᚰ࣭Ᏻ඲࡞
Ỵࡵ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ ⮬ᕫỴᐃᶒᏊ࡝ࡶࡀࠊ⮬ศ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ
⎔ቃࡢ୰࡛ࠊ⫱࡚ࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜
኱ேࡢᨭ᥼ࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽࡶ⮬ศ࡛⮬⏤Ỵࡵ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࡇ࡜
⮬ᕫỴᐃᶒᏊ࡝ࡶࡀࠊ⮬ศ࡟㛵ࢃࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ
㸦㸰㸧⪷᭩ࡢ⌮ゎ኱ேࡢᨭ᥼ࢆཷࡅ࡞ࡀࡽࡶ⮬ศ࡛Ỵࡵ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ ⮬ᕫỴᐃᶒ࣭⪷᭩ࢆࠕேᶒࠖࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᶒ฼ࠖ
ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄞࢇࡔࡽࡼ࠸ࡢ࠿
࣭ᩍ఍ࡀࠕேᶒࠖࡸࠕᏊ࡝ࡶᶒ฼ࠖ
ࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⓨಙࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿

ղᩍ఍࡜♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ⮬ಙ㸸Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀࠕ⮬ศࡣ኱ษ࡞ேࡔࠖ
ࠕ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡔࠖ࡜
⮬ಙ㸸
ᛮ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀࠕ⮬ศࡣ኱ษ࡞ேࡔࠖ
⮬ᕫᑛ㔜ឤࠕ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡔࠖ࡜
⮬ಙ㸸
⮬ᑛឤ᝟
ᛮ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜
Ꮚ࡝ࡶࡀࠕ⮬ศࡣ኱ษ࡞ேࡔࠖ
⮬ᕫᑛ㔜ឤࠕ⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡔࠖ࡜
⮬ᑛឤ᝟
ᛮ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜
⮬ᕫᑛ㔜ឤ
⮬ᑛឤ᝟

㸦㸱㸧ᩍ఍඲యࡢ஺ࢃࡾ࡜
ᆅᇦ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ
ձᏊ࡝ࡶࡢᏑᅾࢆࡼࢁࡇࡪ஺ࢃࡾࢆ
࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡘࡃࡗࡓࡽࡼ࠸࠿
ᩍ఍ࡢ୰࡛⋡┤࡟ࠊᏊ࡝ࡶࡢ⫱ࡕ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄒࡾྜ࠺࡟ࡣ࡝࠺ࡋࡓࡽ
ࡼ࠸࠿
஦౛

࠾ࢃࡾ࡟



ࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⓨಙࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿

ղᩍ఍࡜♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠᩍ఍ࡀᆅᇦࡢᵝࠎ࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟㛵ࢃࡿղᩍ఍࡜♫఍࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ♫఍㈨※࡜࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐃ᦠ࡛ࡁࡿࡔ
ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ ᩍ఍ࡀᆅᇦࡢᵝࠎ࡞Ꮚ࡝ࡶ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ㸦ఱࡽ࠿ࡢ⿕ᐖࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡔ
♫఍㈨※࡜࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㐃ᦠ࡛ࡁࡿࡔ
ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊຍᐖ⪅࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮚ
ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢᑐᛂࡶど㔝࡟ྵࡵ࡚㸧㸦ఱࡽ࠿ࡢ⿕ᐖࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿᏊ࡝ࡶࡔ
ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊຍᐖ⪅࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺Ꮚ
࡝ࡶ࡬ࡢᑐᛂࡶど㔝࡟ྵࡵ࡚㸧

஦౛

࠾ࢃࡾ࡟
࠾ࢃࡾ࡟

ඣ❺⹢ᚅၨⓎ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮ඣ❺⹢ᚅၨⓎ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮⛅ⴥཎ㏻ࡾ㨱ẅே஦௳኱㜰ᕷ஧ඣẅே஦௳ ࿋ᕷ/,1(ẅே஦௳⛅ⴥཎ㏻ࡾ㨱ẅே஦௳ ᕝᓮᕷ୰Ꮫ⏕ẅே஦௳኱㜰ᕷ஧ඣẅே஦௳ ࿋ᕷ/,1(ẅே஦௳⚾ࡓࡕࡀࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࠖ࡜࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྥ ᕝᓮᕷ୰Ꮫ⏕ẅே஦௳ࡁྜࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿ࡀၥࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
⚾ࡓࡕࡀࠕᏊ࡝ࡶࠖ࡜࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྥ
ࡁྜࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ࠿ࡀၥࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࡈΎ⫈࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓ
ࡈΎ⫈࠶ࡾࡀ࡜࠺ࡈࡊ࠸ࡲࡋࡓ

ᒸᮏⱱᶞࠕ㔜࠸༑Ꮠᯫࢆ⫼㈇࠸࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊ
ᒸᮏⱱᶞ▩┪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡀࠊࠕ㔜࠸༑Ꮠᯫࢆ⫼㈇࠸࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊ
ᙼࡽࡀೀࡏ࡟⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ▩┪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡀࠊ⚾ࡣᙼࡽࡢ㈐ົ࡛࠶
ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠖ
ᙼࡽࡀೀࡏ࡟⏕ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ⚾ࡣᙼࡽࡢ㈐ົ࡛࠶
ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠖ

ᮧ⏣⣠Ꮚඛ⏕䛂⌧௦䛾Ꮚ䛹䜒䛾ㄢ㢟䛸ᩍ఍䛾ᙺ๭䛃㈋ᅔ䛸䛿䠛ே㛫䜙䛧䛟⏕䛝䜛ຊ䞉ᶒ฼䛜ዣ䜟䜜䛯≧ἣ㈋ᅔ䞉᱁ᕪᣑ኱䛸䛔䛖⫼ᬒ䛻䛚䛡䜛䛂Ꮚ䛹䜒䛜ཧຍ䛩䜛ᶒ฼䛃䜢⪃䛘䜛๓䛻኱஦䛺䛣䛸
᳃⏣ဴஓ

ᡤᚓ᱁ᕪ

ཧຍᆺ䜰䝥䝻䞊䝏

ᐇ㝿䛻ィ⏬䞉ᐇ᪋䛾୺ᑟᶒ䛿኱ே䛻 䠄୺ᙺ䛿Ꮚ䛹䜒䛺䛾䛻䠅ཧຍ䛸䛿䠛 ኱ே э 䛂Ꮚ䛹䜒䜢ືဨ䛩䜛䛃᪥ᮏ䛾ᩍ఍䜢ᙧᡂ䛩䜛䝯䞁䝞䞊
䛸䛿䠛
 ኱༞䠛
 ᪥ᮏᅜ⡠ಖᣢ⪅䠛 ⤒῭ⓗ䛻Ᏻᐃ䛧䛯Ꮚᣢ䛱䛾ᐙᗞ䠛䜲䜶䝇䛾ᐙᗞ

‫ܖ‬ဃƴǑǔ੉ಅᚸ̖ǢȳǱȸȈᲧବ‫ܖ‬஖ȷᅸ‫ܖ‬஖ȷϤ‫ܖ‬஖ȷᡫ࠰Ყ
ኽௐƱᜒᚸ


2014 ᖺᗘ᫓Ꮫᮇ㸦ACTS-ES ࡣ㏻ᖺ⛉┠ࢆྵࡴ㸧Ꮫ⏕࡟ࡼࡿᤵᴗホ౯࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ⤖ᯝࡢホ౯⚄Ꮫ㒊Ꮫ⏕ࡢᤵᴗ࡬ࡢホ౯ࡣࠊᴫࡡⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୍⛉┠࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⩦᫬㛫ࡀᖹᆒ 1.2 ᫬㛫ࡣࠊࡲࡔᑡ࡞ࡍࡂࡿࠋᩍဨࡀᏛ⏕࡬ࡢㄢ㢟ࢆከࡃࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ඲య࡛ࡢ᳨ウࡀᚲせࡔࢁ࠺ࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊ
ㄒᏛࡸᐇ⩦࡞࡝࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿᏛ⏕ࡢ㈇ᢸࡶ⪃៖ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࢥ࢔࣭ᩍ㣴ᩍ⫱࣭ࢥ࢔㛵㐃⛉┠࡟࠾ࡅࡿᤵᴗホ౯ࡣࠊ඲యⓗ࡟ᴫࡡⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࢸ࢕࣮࣒࣭ࢸ࢕
࣮ࢳࣥࢢ࣭ࢡࣛࢫࡢᩍဨ㛫㐃ᦠ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ౛ᖺྠᵝࠊከᑡࡢㄢ㢟ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ᫖ᖺᗘࡢホ౯ࡼࡾࡶᨵၿࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ឤࡌࡓࠋࣃ࣮࣏࣡࢖ࣥࢺࡸࣞࢪ࣓ࡢ⏝ἲ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣜࢡ࢚ࢫࢺࡀぢࡽࢀࠊᨵၿࡢࡓࡵࡢດຊࡢᚲせᛶࡀఛࢃࢀࡓࠋᤵᴗᙧែ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣭
࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡸࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣭ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᏛ⏕ཧຍ㸦࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢ㸧ᆺࡢᤵᴗ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡢホ౯ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⚄Ꮫ⛉2014 ᖺᗘ᫓Ꮫᮇࡶࠊᴫࡡ኱㐣࡞ࡃࠊᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡀ⚄Ꮫ⛉ࡢᥦ౪ᤵᴗࢆホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ໚ㄽࠊ
⛉┠ࡸᢸᙜᩍဨ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ホ౯࡟ከᑡࡢࡤࡽࡘࡁࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢேᩘ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ⛉┠ࡢෆᐜࠊ
ᩍဨࡢ㈨㉁࠾ࡼࡧᒚಟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᏛ⏕ࡢ㈨㉁ࡸ⯆࿡࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞せ⣲ࡀ཯ᫎࡋ࡚ᙜ↛ࡢ⤖ᯝࡔ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋᖹᆒ್ࡣ㸱Ⅼ࠿ࡽ㸲Ⅼࡢ㛫࡛ࠊ㸱Ⅼ࡟㏆࠸ሙྜ࠿ࡽ 4 Ⅼ࡟㏆࠸ሙྜ࡜࡟ጇᙜ࡞ホ౯࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࡯ࡰጇᙜ࡞࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝᩍဨࡀᤵᴗࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ุ᩿ࡍࡿࠋᩒ࠼࡚ゝ࠼ࡤࠊ㠀ᖖ໅ㅮᖌᢸᙜࡢ⛉┠ࡀ㸱Ⅼࢆୗᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᤵᴗࡢࣞ࣋ࣝ࠾ࡼࡧせồᗘࡀᑡࡋ㧗ࡵ࡟タᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
ACTE-ES
Students describe professors as: compassionate, merciful, enthusiastic, knowledgable
Students describe certain classes as: fun, enjoyable, interesting, informative, inspiring,
efficient, challenging (made us think on our own), important, very relevant for ministry,
well structured, lively, interactive, fascinating, fantastic, fruitful and interesting tohave 3 professors team teachStudents say they appreciate: online work, reading short stories, skits, videos,interviewing others, reading assignments as preparation for class sessions, goodengagement between the teacher and students, discussions (class and group), weekly
quizzes, question and answer time, presentations, debates
Students request: more reading assignments, more effective use of projector andmultimedia, more advanced notice about final reports, contemporary examples to makeit relevant, stricter grading based on participation, more up-to-date textbook, quizzes
testing deep understanding (not true/false quizzes), better preparation for debates1ᅜ㝿࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᏛᑓᨷ
᫓Ꮫᮇࠊᅜ࢟ᑓᨷ⛉┠࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕ࡢホ౯ࡣᴫࡋ࡚Ⰻዲ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ≉࡟ࠊⱥㄒ⛉┠࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊከㄞࢆ㔜どࡍࡿࣅࢵࢢ࢖ࣥࢢࣜࢵࢩࣗࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀᢸᙜᩍဨࡢ๰ពᕤኵࡶ࠶ࡾ࠿࡞
ࡾᐃ╔ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ႐ࡤࡋ࠸ࠋḞᖍࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓᏛ⏕ࡶྵࡵ࡚ࠊࢡࣛࢫ࡟ཧຍࡍࢀࡤᚲࡎ
ⱥㄒࡢᐇຊࡀྥୖࡍࡿ࡜ಙࡌࠊḟᏛᮇ௨㝆ࡢດຊࢆㄋࡗ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࡣ≉グࡍ࡭ࡁࡔࠋ௚ࡢ⛉┠ࡶᏛ⏕ࡽࡢከࡃࡢࢥ࣓ࣥࢺࡀᐤࡏࡽࢀࠊྛᩍဨࡀཧຍᆺࢡࣛࢫࢆసࡾୖࡆࡿࡓࡵከࡃࡢ
‽ഛࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀఛࢃࢀࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡶࡇࡢດຊࢆ⥆ࡅࡓ࠸ࠋ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ⚟♴Ꮫᑓᨷᴫࡡࠊ᫓Ꮫᮇࡢᤵᴗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ‶㊊ᗘࡣ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊⓎ⾲ࡢ௙᪉ࡸᡂ⦼ࡢホ౯࡟␲ၥࢆᢪࡃࡶࡢࡶࡳࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࠊᣦ♧ࡸホ౯ࡣࠊࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ
࡚ࠊ⛉┠࡜࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢෆᐜࡀ୍⮴ࡋ࡞࠸ᅇ⟅ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࢩࣛࣂࢫࢆぢ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᏛ⏕ࡢᤵᴗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿែᗘࡸᏛࡪពḧࡶࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊホ౯ࡶࡉࡲࡊࡲ
࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࡜ࡾ࠶࠼ࡎࡣពぢࢆཷࡅṆࡵ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⚟♴Ჷࡣࢳࣕ࢖࣒ࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼࡟ࡃ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ᫬㛫ࡢ㉸㐣࡟ᑐࡍࡿពぢࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ⚄Ꮫ◊✲⛉඲యⓗ࡟㧗ホ౯࡛ࠊᩍဨࡢດຊࡀఛࢃࢀࡓࠋཷㅮ⪅ࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠕᩍ఍࡜ἲᚊࠖࡶዲホ࡛ẖᖺ㛤ㅮࡢᕼᮃࡶ࠶ࡾࠊཷㅮ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ᒚಟᣦᑟ࡟ᕤኵࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⚄Ꮫ◊✲ࡢᇶ♏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣෆᐜ࡜ㄢ㢟ࡢከᐻ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ෌ᗘࠊᩍဨ㛫ࡢᡴࡕྜࢃࡏࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ⚄Ꮫ≉ㄽࡣ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࡢᅇ཰⋡࡟ㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᩍ఍㡢ᴦᑓᨷ⛉ᑓᨷ⛉⏕ 2 ேࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀ㧗㱋࣭ᣢ⑓ࡢࣁࣥࢹ࢕ࢆᣢࡕ࡞ࡀࡽࡶࠊᤵᴗࢆཷࡅࡿጼໃ࡟࠾
࠸࡚ࡶࡲࡓࠊㄢ㢟࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ┿ᦸ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊⰋ࠸ຠᯝࢆୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡢᏛࡧࡢᡂ
ᯝࡣࠊࡍࡄ࡟ᐇ㊶ࡢሙ࡛ᙺ࡟❧ࡘ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ

2014 ᖺ 10 ᭶ 28 ᪥ᩍᤵ఍ ㈨ᩱ

2

2014ᖺᖺᗘᤵᴗホ౯䜰䞁䜿䞊䝖⤖ᯝ
Ꮫᮇ
⛉┠ྡ

᫓Ꮫᮇ
᪥ᮏㄒᥦ౪⛉┠ᖹᆒ
Ꮫᖺ

Ꮫ⛉ᑓᨷ
኱Ꮫ㝔

䠍Ꮫᖺ

⚄Ꮫ⛉

䠎Ꮫᖺ

ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᏛᑓᨷ䠏Ꮫᖺ䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫᑓᨷ䠐Ꮫᖺᩍ఍㡢ᴦᑓᨷ⛉-⛉┠➼ᒚಟ⏕
1Ⅼ

2Ⅼ

3Ⅼ

4Ⅼ

ᖹᆒ䠄Ⅼ䠅
ᩍဨ䛿Ꮫ⏕䛾ᚲせ䛻䛒䜟䛫䛯㐺ษ䛺᫬㛫㓄ศ䜢䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.59

ᩍဨ䛿ᥦฟ≀䛻㐺ษ䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.63ᩍဨ䛿ᤵᴗ୰䛻Ꮫ⏕䛾ཧຍ䜢ಁ䛧䚸㉁ၥ䛻㐺ษ䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.64ẖᅇ䛾ᤵᴗ䛿䚸䜘䛟‽ഛ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹3.71

ᩍဨ䛿ẖᅇ⇕ព䜢䜒䛳䛶ᤵᴗ䜢䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.74

㛤ጞ᫬㛫䠋⤊஢᫬㛫䛿䛔䛴䜒Ᏺ䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.67

ᩍල䠄䝩䝽䜲䝖䝪䞊䝗䚸䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝍䞊➼䠅䛿᭷ຠ䛻౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹3.51

ᩍ⛉᭩䞉ᩍᮦ䛿ຠᯝⓗ䛻౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.48

ኌ䜔ヰ䛧᪉䛿᫂░䛷⪺䛝ྲྀ䜚䜔䛩䛛䛳䛯䚹

3.56

ᡂ⦼ホ౯ᇶ‽䛿䚸䝅䝷䝞䝇䛻䛒䜙䛛䛨䜑᫂☜䛻♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.49

䝅䝷䝞䝇䜢㏻䛧䛶ᤵᴗ䛾┠ⓗ䜔ィ⏬䛜⌮ゎ䛷䛝䛯䚹

3.44

䝅䝷䝞䝇䛿䜟䛛䜚䜔䛩䛟䚸䜎䛯ᤵᴗ䛿䝅䝷䝞䝇䛻ἢ䛳䛶⾜䜟䜜䈈3.44ẖᅇពḧⓗ䛻ᤵᴗ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛰䚹

3.41

ᤵᴗ䛾ෆᐜ䛻⯆࿡䛜ᣢ䛶䚸ゐⓎ䛥䜜䛯䚹

3.44

䛣䛾ᤵᴗ䛻ฟᖍ䛧䛶᭷┈䛺▱㆑䜔䝇䜻䝹䛜ᚓ䜙䜜䛯䚹

3.47

ᤵᴗ඲య䜢䜘䛟⌮ゎ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䚹

3.28

0%
Ḟᖍᅇᩘ

20%

40%

60%

80% 100%
Ꮫ⩦᫬㛫

0ᅇ
1ᅇ
2ᅇ
3ᅇ
4ᅇ

ᖹᆒ 0.6 ᅇ௨ୖ

4᫬㛫௨ୖ
3᫬㛫௨ୖ
2᫬㛫௨ୖ
1᫬㛫௨ୖ
30ศ௨ୖ

ᖹᆒ 1.2 ᫬㛫௨ୖ

2014 Class evaluation result
Term
SpringCourse Title ACTS-ES(average)
Grade

Major

⚄Ꮫ⛉

䠍Ꮫᖺ

ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᏛ⛉䠎Ꮫᖺᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫ⛉䠏Ꮫᖺ⛉┠➼ᒚಟ⏕

䠐Ꮫᖺ

▷ᮇ␃Ꮫ⏕

-

䛭䛾௚
1Ⅼ

2Ⅼ

3Ⅼ

4Ⅼ

ᖹᆒ䠄Ⅼ䠅
The instructor properly managed the study time according to 䈈

3.49

The instructor properly handled the student assignments.

3.51

The instructor encouraged student participation and was 䈈

3.57

Each class session was well prepared.

3.58

The instructor taught with passion and enthusiasm every time.

3.54

The instructor kept the beginning and closing time in order.

3.54

Teaching tools such as white board and projector were used 䈈

3.47

Textbooks and other teaching materials were effectively used䈈

3.49

Verbal communication of the instructor was clear and easy to䈈

3.56

The grading scale for this class was clearly explained in the䈈3.53

I was able to grasp the goals and plans of this class well䈈

3.47

The syllabus was easy to understand and the classes䈈

3.46

I tackled the subjects in this class with enthusiasm in every䈈

3.49

I became interested in the content of this class and was 䈈

3.46

I was able to acquire valuable knowledge and skills through䈈3.42

I was able to attain a good grasp of the subject matter in this䈈

3.44

0%
Number of absence

100%

Studying hour outside class per week

0 times
1 times
2 times
3 times
4 times

ᖹᆒ 0

50%

ᅇ௨ୖ

more than 4 hours
3 hours
2 hours
1 hourless than half an hourᖹᆒ 2.2 ᫬㛫௨ୖ

2014 ᖺᗘ⛅ᏛᮇᏛ⏕࡟ࡼࡿᤵᴗホ౯࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ⤖ᯝࡢホ౯⚄Ꮫ㒊⥲ࡌ࡚ᩍဨࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜Ꮫ⏕ࡢᛂ⟅ࡀⰋ࠸⤖ᯝࢆ⏕ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋㄒᏛࡢከㄞࡣᏛ
⏕࡟ࡼࡃཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋᏛ⏕ࡢᑓᨷ௨እࡢᤵᴗࡀࡼࡁ่⃭࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀཷࡅྲྀࢀࡿࠋ⚄Ꮫᑓᨷ࡛࡞࠸Ꮫ⏕ࡀࠊ⚄ᏛࢆᏛࡪࡇ࡜ࡢ႐ࡧࢆㄒࡾࠊ⚄ᏛᑓᨷࡢᏛ⏕ࡀ⚟♴Ꮫࡢᤵᴗ࡟⯆࿡ࢆࡶࡗ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ┦஫స⏝ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᤵᴗ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㹄㹂࡜ࡋ࡚⫈ㅮࡍࡿᶵ఍ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࡼ࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࢥ࢔࣭ᩍ㣴ᤵᴗホ౯ࡣᴫࡡⰋዲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⛅Ꮫᮇࡢᩍ㣴࣭ࢥ࢔⛉┠࡟ࡣࠊࢸ࢕࣮࣒࣭ࢸ࢕࣮ࢳࣥࢢࡢ
ࢡࣛࢫࡀᑡ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᩍဨࡢಶᛶࡀᤵᴗ඲య࡟⏕࠿ࡉࢀࡓᏛࡧࡀᒎ㛤ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࢡࣛࢫ୰ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࣏ࢪࢸ࢕ࣈ࡞ゝཬࡶከ࠸ࡀࠊ཯㠃ࠊࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ
ࡓࡵࡢ࢖ࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢩࣙࣥࡀࢡࣜ࢔࡛࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺グ㏙ࡶぢࡽࢀࠊࡑࡢⅬࡀ཯┬ᮦᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚
௒ᚋࡢᤵᴗ࡟⏕࠿ࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
⚄Ꮫ⛉2014 ᖺᗘ⛅Ꮫᮇࡶࠊᴫࡡ኱㐣࡞ࡃࠊᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡀ⚄Ꮫ⛉ࡢᥦ౪ᤵᴗࢆホ౯ࡋ࡚ࡃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡉ࡟ྍࡶ࡞ࡃ୙ྍࡶ࡞ࡃ࡜୍ゝ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ᫖௒ࡢᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡀᢈุⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡋࡓࡾࠊⱞ᝟ࢆ⏦ࡋ❧࡚ࡓࡾࡍࡿ⬟ຊࡀῶᑡࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡶᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊዴఱ࡞ࡶ
ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋ඲⯡ⓗ࡟ࠊ㠀ᖖ໅ㅮᖌࡢᢸᙜࡍࡿ⛉┠ࡢ᪉ࡀࠊᑓ௵ᩍဨࡢᢸᙜࡍࡿ⛉┠ࡼࡾࡶᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡢホ౯ࡣᑡࡋప࠸ࡼ࠺ࡔࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ᕪ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ACTE-ES[1] The highest DYHUDJHUDWLQJIRUDOOFODVVHV  ZDV͆7KHLQVWUXFWRUWDXJKWZLWKSDVVLRQDQGHQWKXVLDVP͇͐,URQLFDOO\DQGGLVWXUELQJO\WKRXJKWKHlowest average
UDWLQJ IRU DOO FODVVHV   ZDV ͆, WDFNOHG WKH VXEMHFWV LQ WKLV FODVV ZLWKHQWKXVLDVP͇͐,QWHUSUHWDV\RXZLOO>@$WOHDVWRQHVWXGHQWGLGQRWNQRZZKLFKclass he was evaluating in one instance. But even apart from this, perhaps mostcomments were too uninsightful and too general (sometimes even copied and pasted)
to be useful. [3] The average of weekly study hours rose to 2.23 from 2.2 in spring2014.

ᅜ㝿࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᏛᑓᨷ
ᅜ࢟⛉┠ࡣㄒᏛ㸳⛉┠㸦ⱥㄒ㸲ࠊ㡑ᅜㄒ㸯㸧ࠊ඲ᑓᨷᚲಟࡢࠕᅜ࢟ධ㛛ࠖ㸯⛉┠ࠊᅜ㝿㛵ಀ࣭␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎ㸲⛉┠㸦ᅜ㝿㸯ࠊ␗ᩥ໬㸱㸧ࡔࡗࡓࠋ࡝ࡢࢡࣛࢫࡶ࡯ࡰ඲࡚ࡢ㡯┠ࡀᖹᆒ㸱ࢆୖᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋⱥㄒࢡࣛࢫ࡛ࡣከㄞ࡟ࡼࡾⱥㄒࢆᏛࡪࡇ࡜ࡢ㠃ⓑࡉ࡟Ẽ࡙࠸ࡓ࡞࡝ࡢ
ឤ᝿ࡀከᩘぢࡽࢀ࡚ࠊྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡈࡃࢃࡎ࠿࡟ぢࡽࢀࡓᨵ1ၿⅬ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᏛ⏕ࡢពぢࢆ᮶ᖺᗘࡢࢩࣛࣂࢫసᡂࡢཧ⪃࡜ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ
࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ⚟♴Ꮫᑓᨷᤵᴗ࡟ᑐࡍࡿホ౯ࡣࠊᴫࡡ‶㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᨵၿⅬ࡟⿵ຓᩍᮦࡢ౑
࠸᪉ࡸゝⴥ౑࠸࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋᏛ⏕ࡀ࢖࣓࣮ࢪ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㒊ศ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࣃ࣮࣏࣡
࢖ࣥࢺ࡞࡝ࢆ౑ࡗࡓࡾࠊࡑࡢ≧ἣ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚⌮ゎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡢ☜ㄆࢆࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊࡶ࠺
୍Ṍᤵᴗෆᐜࡢᕤኵࡀᚲせ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ୍㒊ࡢᏛ⏕࡟᥇Ⅼᇶ‽ࡀ୙᫂░ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ពぢࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࢩࣛࣂࢫ࡜㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤཱྀ㢌ࡸᩥ᭩࡛ᣦ♧ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᚭᗏࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ
⚄Ꮫ◊✲⛉Ꮫ⏕ࡣᴫࡡㅮ⩏ෆᐜࢆ⌮ゎࡋ‶㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ3 㐌㛫࡛ᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⚄Ꮫ࣭ᩍ఍≉Ṧ◊✲Ϭ㸦᐀ᩍᨵ㠉ྐ㸧ࡣㅮ⩏᫬㛫ࡀ୙つ๎࡛Ḟᖍ⋡ࡀ 0.9㸣ࡔࡗࡓࡀࠊ௚ࡣ 0.67㸣௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ෆᐜࡢ㧗ᗘࡉ࠿ࡽࠊྛ㡯┠ࡢホ౯ࡣ㧗࠸ࡀᤵᴗ඲యࡢ⌮ゎࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜ឤࡌࡿഴྥࡶぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ⪷᭩Ꮫ≉Ṧ◊✲ϫ㸦Ṕྐ᭩◊✲㸧ࡣᏛ⏕ࡀࡼࡃྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊホ౯ࡶ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋᩍ఍㡢ᴦᑓᨷ⛉ᩍ఍㡢ᴦᑓᨷ⛉ࡢᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡣࠊࣔࢸ࢕࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀ኱ኚ㧗ࡃࠊᏛᴗ࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡶ┠ࢆぢᙇࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋಶேࣞࢵࢫࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊண⩦ࠊ᚟⩦ࡶࡁࡕࢇ࡜࡞ࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡀከࡃࠊ
ᢏ⾡ࢆ☜ᐇ࡟యᚓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡓࡔ㡢ᴦࡢሙྜࡣࠊධᏛ᫬࡛ࡢ㡢ᴦ⤒㦂ࠊ₇ዌᢏ⾡࡟ᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㐩ࡋᚓ࡚࠸ࡿࣞ࣋ࣝࡀ㐪࠺࡜ᩍဨ࡟ᤵᴗࡢ㐍ࡵ᪉࡟ᕤኵࡀồࡵࡽࡿࠋࡲࡓᩍဨࡣࠊ
ᇶ♏ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ☜ᐇ࡟ᐃ╔ࡉࡏࡿ࠿ࠊᛂ⏝ࡲ࡛ᥦ౪ࡍࡿ࠿ࡣࠊᖺ㱋ࡶྵࡵࡓุ᩿ࡀồࡵࡽ
ࢀࡿࠋ
2015 ᖺ 1 ᭶ 13 ᪥ᩍᤵ఍ ㈨ᩱ

2

2014ᖺᖺᗘᤵᴗホ౯䜰䞁䜿䞊䝖⤖ᯝ
Ꮫᮇ
⛉┠ྡ

⛅Ꮫᮇ
᪥ᮏㄒᥦ౪⛉┠ᖹᆒ
Ꮫᖺ

Ꮫ⛉ᑓᨷ
኱Ꮫ㝔

䠍Ꮫᖺ

⚄Ꮫ⛉

䠎Ꮫᖺ

ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᏛᑓᨷ䠏Ꮫᖺ䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫᑓᨷ䠐Ꮫᖺᩍ఍㡢ᴦᑓᨷ⛉-⛉┠➼ᒚಟ⏕
1Ⅼ

2Ⅼ

3Ⅼ

4Ⅼ

ᖹᆒ䠄Ⅼ䠅
ᩍဨ䛿Ꮫ⏕䛾ᚲせ䛻䛒䜟䛫䛯㐺ษ䛺᫬㛫㓄ศ䜢䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.57

ᩍဨ䛿ᥦฟ≀䛻㐺ษ䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.62

ᩍဨ䛿ᤵᴗ୰䛻Ꮫ⏕䛾ཧຍ䜢ಁ䛧䚸㉁ၥ䛻㐺ษ䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.64ẖᅇ䛾ᤵᴗ䛿䚸䜘䛟‽ഛ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.61

ᩍဨ䛿ẖᅇ⇕ព䜢䜒䛳䛶ᤵᴗ䜢䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.69

㛤ጞ᫬㛫䠋⤊஢᫬㛫䛿䛔䛴䜒Ᏺ䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.6

ᩍල䠄䝩䝽䜲䝖䝪䞊䝗䚸䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝍䞊➼䠅䛿᭷ຠ䛻౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.39

ᩍ⛉᭩䞉ᩍᮦ䛿ຠᯝⓗ䛻౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.48

ኌ䜔ヰ䛧᪉䛿᫂░䛷⪺䛝ྲྀ䜚䜔䛩䛛䛳䛯䚹3.57

ᡂ⦼ホ౯ᇶ‽䛿䚸䝅䝷䝞䝇䛻䛒䜙䛛䛨䜑᫂☜䛻♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.51

䝅䝷䝞䝇䜢㏻䛧䛶ᤵᴗ䛾┠ⓗ䜔ィ⏬䛜⌮ゎ䛷䛝䛯䚹

3.45

䝅䝷䝞䝇䛿䜟䛛䜚䜔䛩䛟䚸䜎䛯ᤵᴗ䛿䝅䝷䝞䝇䛻ἢ䛳䛶⾜䜟䜜䛶䈈3.44ẖᅇពḧⓗ䛻ᤵᴗ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛰䚹

3.36

ᤵᴗ䛾ෆᐜ䛻⯆࿡䛜ᣢ䛶䚸ゐⓎ䛥䜜䛯䚹

3.47

䛣䛾ᤵᴗ䛻ฟᖍ䛧䛶᭷┈䛺▱㆑䜔䝇䜻䝹䛜ᚓ䜙䜜䛯䚹

3.47

ᤵᴗ඲య䜢䜘䛟⌮ゎ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䚹

3.26

0%
Ḟᖍᅇᩘ

20%

40%

60%

80% 100%
Ꮫ⩦᫬㛫

0ᅇ
1ᅇ
2ᅇ
3ᅇ
4ᅇ

ᖹᆒ 0.65 ᅇ௨ୖ

4᫬㛫௨ୖ
3᫬㛫௨ୖ
2᫬㛫௨ୖ
1᫬㛫௨ୖ
30ศ௨ୖ

ᖹᆒ 1.18᫬㛫௨ୖ2014 Class evaluation result
Term
Fall
Course Title ACTS-ES(average)
Grade

Major

⚄Ꮫ⛉

䠍Ꮫᖺ

ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᏛ⛉䠎Ꮫᖺᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫ⛉䠏Ꮫᖺ⛉┠➼ᒚಟ⏕

䠐Ꮫᖺ

▷ᮇ␃Ꮫ⏕

-

䛭䛾௚
1Ⅼ

2Ⅼ

3Ⅼ

4Ⅼ

ᖹᆒ䠄Ⅼ䠅
The instructor properly managed the study time according to 䈈

3.65

The instructor properly handled the student assignments.

3.58

The instructor encouraged student participation and was 䈈

3.67

Each class session was well prepared.

3.64

The instructor taught with passion and enthusiasm every time.

3.7

The instructor kept the beginning and closing time in order.

3.65

Teaching tools such as white board and projector were used 䈈

3.61

Textbooks and other teaching materials were effectively used䈈

3.54

Verbal communication of the instructor was clear and easy to䈈

3.6

The grading scale for this class was clearly explained in the䈈3.5

I was able to grasp the goals and plans of this class well䈈

3.51

The syllabus was easy to understand and the classes䈈

3.49

I tackled the subjects in this class with enthusiasm in every䈈

3.45

I became interested in the content of this class and was 䈈

3.57

I was able to acquire valuable knowledge and skills through䈈3.58

I was able to attain a good grasp of the subject matter in this䈈

3.58

0%
Number of absence

100%

Studying hour outside class per week

0 times
1 times
2 times
3 times
4 times

ᖹᆒ 0

50%

ᅇ௨ୖ

more than 4 hours
3 hours
2 hours
1 hourless than half an hourᖹᆒ 2.23᫬㛫௨ୖ2014ᖺᖺᗘᤵᴗホ౯䜰䞁䜿䞊䝖⤖ᯝ
Ꮫᮇ
⛉┠ྡ

෤Ꮫᮇ
᪥ᮏㄒᥦ౪⛉┠ᖹᆒ
Ꮫᖺ

Ꮫ⛉ᑓᨷ
኱Ꮫ㝔

䠍Ꮫᖺ

⚄Ꮫ⛉

䠎Ꮫᖺ

ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᏛᑓᨷ䠏Ꮫᖺ䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫᑓᨷ䠐Ꮫᖺᩍ఍㡢ᴦᑓᨷ⛉-⛉┠➼ᒚಟ⏕
1Ⅼ

2Ⅼ

3Ⅼ

4Ⅼ

ᖹᆒ䠄Ⅼ䠅
ᩍဨ䛿Ꮫ⏕䛾ᚲせ䛻䛒䜟䛫䛯㐺ษ䛺᫬㛫㓄ศ䜢䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.58

ᩍဨ䛿ᥦฟ≀䛻㐺ษ䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.63ᩍဨ䛿ᤵᴗ୰䛻Ꮫ⏕䛾ཧຍ䜢ಁ䛧䚸㉁ၥ䛻㐺ษ䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛶䛔䈈

3.6

ẖᅇ䛾ᤵᴗ䛿䚸䜘䛟‽ഛ䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹3.63

ᩍဨ䛿ẖᅇ⇕ព䜢䜒䛳䛶ᤵᴗ䜢䛧䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.68㛤ጞ᫬㛫䠋⤊஢᫬㛫䛿䛔䛴䜒Ᏺ䜙䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.66

ᩍල䠄䝩䝽䜲䝖䝪䞊䝗䚸䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝍䞊➼䠅䛿᭷ຠ䛻౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.48

ᩍ⛉᭩䞉ᩍᮦ䛿ຠᯝⓗ䛻౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.49

ኌ䜔ヰ䛧᪉䛿᫂░䛷⪺䛝ྲྀ䜚䜔䛩䛛䛳䛯䚹3.57

ᡂ⦼ホ౯ᇶ‽䛿䚸䝅䝷䝞䝇䛻䛒䜙䛛䛨䜑᫂☜䛻♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䛯䚹

3.53

䝅䝷䝞䝇䜢㏻䛧䛶ᤵᴗ䛾┠ⓗ䜔ィ⏬䛜⌮ゎ䛷䛝䛯䚹

3.51

䝅䝷䝞䝇䛿䜟䛛䜚䜔䛩䛟䚸䜎䛯ᤵᴗ䛿䝅䝷䝞䝇䛻ἢ䛳䛶⾜䜟䜜䈈

3.48

ẖᅇពḧⓗ䛻ᤵᴗ䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛰䚹

3.35

ᤵᴗ䛾ෆᐜ䛻⯆࿡䛜ᣢ䛶䚸ゐⓎ䛥䜜䛯䚹

3.39

䛣䛾ᤵᴗ䛻ฟᖍ䛧䛶᭷┈䛺▱㆑䜔䝇䜻䝹䛜ᚓ䜙䜜䛯䚹

3.45

ᤵᴗ඲య䜢䜘䛟⌮ゎ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䚹

3.34

0%
Ḟᖍᅇᩘ

20%

40%

60%

80% 100%
Ꮫ⩦᫬㛫

0ᅇ
1ᅇ
2ᅇ
3ᅇ
4ᅇ

4᫬㛫௨ୖ
3᫬㛫௨ୖ
2᫬㛫௨ୖ
1᫬㛫௨ୖ
30ศ௨ୖ

ᖹᆒ 0.98 ᅇ௨ୖᖹᆒ 1.25᫬㛫௨ୖ2014 Class evaluation result
Term
WinterCourse Title ACTS-ES(average)
Grade

Major
⚄Ꮫ⛉

䠍Ꮫᖺ

ᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍᏛ⛉䠎Ꮫᖺᅜ㝿䜻䝸䝇䝖ᩍ⚟♴Ꮫ⛉䠏Ꮫᖺ⛉┠➼ᒚಟ⏕

䠐Ꮫᖺ

▷ᮇ␃Ꮫ⏕

-

䛭䛾௚

1Ⅼ

2Ⅼ

3Ⅼ

4Ⅼ

ᖹᆒ䠄Ⅼ䠅
The instructor properly managed the study time according to 䈈

3.62

The instructor properly handled the student assignments.

3.63

The instructor encouraged student participation and was 䈈

3.64

Each class session was well prepared.

3.71

The instructor taught with passion and enthusiasm every time.

3.73

The instructor kept the beginning and closing time in order.

3.65

Teaching tools such as white board and projector were used 䈈

3.67

Textbooks and other teaching materials were effectively used䈈

3.65

Verbal communication of the instructor was clear and easy to䈈

3.63

The grading scale for this class was clearly explained in the䈈3.61

I was able to grasp the goals and plans of this class well䈈

3.62

The syllabus was easy to understand and the classes䈈

3.58

I tackled the subjects in this class with enthusiasm in every䈈

3.53

I became interested in the content of this class and was 䈈

3.53

I was able to acquire valuable knowledge and skills through䈈3.57

I was able to attain a good grasp of the subject matter in this䈈

3.54

0%
Number of absence

100%

Studying hour outside class per week

0 times
1 times
2 times
3 times
4 times

ᖹᆒ 0

50%

ᅇ௨ୖ

more than 4 hours
3 hours
2 hours
1 hourless than half an hourᖹᆒ 2.38᫬㛫௨ୖ

6%7ߦ߅ߌࠆ᝼ᬺᡷༀߩ2&%#ࠨࠗࠢ࡞ߪએਅߩࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వ↢ᣇߦ߅߆ࠇ߹ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟ‬ᡷༀ‫ޟޠ↹⸘ޟޠ‬ታᣉ‫⹏ޟޠ‬ଔ‫߇࡞ࠢࠗࠨߩޠ‬ᓴⅣߔࠆࠃ߁ታᣉࠍ߅㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

2&ᢎຬߩ㩘㩩㨺㩎㩖㨵㩢㨿ߦ߅ߌࠆ⥄Ꮖὐᬌ࡮⹏ଔ㧦⋡ᮡ೔㆐ᐲߩ⏕⹺‫ޔ‬ฦ
⹏ଔ߿(&ᆔຬળ߆ࠄߩ㨻㩎㩨㩔㩨㨼㩇ࠍฃߌߡᡷༀὐࠍ⸳ቯ
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(&ᆔຬળߦࠃࠆ᝼ᬺ⹏ଔߩᬌ
⸽ߣ㨻㩎㩨㩔㩨㨼㩇٨ቇ↢ߦࠃࠆ᝼ᬺ⹏ଔ㨻㩧㩃㨺㩎⚿ᨐ٨ᢎຬߦࠃࠆ᝼ᬺ⋧੕⹏ଔ٨ቇୃ⥄Ꮖ⹏ଔᦠ ቇ↢㩘㩩㨺㩎㩖㨵㩢㨿٨තᬺ೨ቇ↢ࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻‫ޔ‬㕙⺣࠲ࠗ࠻࡞⑼⎇⾌⎇ୃળ
‫ᦨߩޢ⾌⎇⑼ޡޟ‬ㄭߩേะ㨭

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
ᄢળ⼏ቶ

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ోᢎ⡯ຬ╙࿁‫ࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈ࡯ࠖ࠹࡞ࠞࠔࡈޓ‬‫ⷐ♿ޟ‬ว⹏ળ‫ޠ‬⑼⎇⾌࡮↳⺧ᦠ૞ᚑ‫ޓ‬ീᒝળ


Ⴧ੗ᔒᵤઍ
㜞ᯅિᐘ



ᄢળ⼏ቶࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ
‫ޡޟ‬ᄢቇ᩺ౝ‫ޠ੺⚫ߩޢ‬

ᢎຬ⎇ୃળ‫࡞ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣޟ‬ൻߩਛߢߩᢎ⢒ߩ⾰ߩะ਄‫ޠ‬ࡢ࡯࡚ࠢࠪ࠶ࡊ
‫ࠢ࠶࡝ࡉ࡯࡞ޟ‬㩔㩩㩖㨵㨺㩙㩧㩇㕙ߦὶὐࠍᒰߡߡ‫ޠ‬

ෳട⠪ᢙ

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ጟ᧛⋥᮸
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ਛỈ⑲৻

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᝼ᬺ⹏ଔࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⻠⹏ળ㧔ᤐቇᦼಽ㧕

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᝼ᬺ⹏ଔࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⻠⹏ળ㧔⑺ቇᦼಽ㧕

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♖␹ࠤࠕቇ߮ળ
㨬තᬺࠍᓙߡߥ߆ߞߚቇ↢ߚߜ㨭

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ிʮؕთ૙‫ ‒ࡇ࠰ …‣•․ ‒ܖٻ‬ᇹ ‣ ‫‒‶‸ ׅ‬

ⅤᅹᄂᝲⅥ
Ⅵ”Ⅴኔᙲӳᚸ
ᚸ˟Ⅵ‒․•‣… ࠰ உ ‥ ଐ‒‚້‛‣‧‬…•‟‣‪‬••‒‫˟ٻ‬ᜭܴ‒‒ᜒ๫ϋܾ≝ⅤᅹᄂᝲⅥ↝இᡈ↝ѣӼ‒ଐஜ‫ܖ‬ᘐਰᐻ˟↝ᎰՃ↝૾⇁⇁ⅹਔⅼↆ⅚ᅹ‫ܖ‬ᄂᆮᝲя঺ʙಅ↚↚↓ⅳ↕⅚↌↝Сࡇ↝ಒᙲ⅚ॖ፯⅚ᢘദ↙̅ဇሁ↚↚↓ⅳ↕ⅹᛅⅳ↎↏ⅼ↭ↈ⅛ᝮ᣻↙ೞ˟↖ↈ↝↖⅚૙Ճ↝ႏಮ↞μՃӋь⇁ⅹᫍⅳↈ
ↈ↺↗↗↱↚⅚ᎰՃ↝૾↱ᆢಊႎ↚ↃӋьⅾ↏ↄⅳ⅛‒
ཎ↚ᅹᄂᝲӕ↹ৢⅳʙѦ↚᧙᧙↾↺૾↞⅚ↃЈࠗ⇁ⅹᫍⅳⅳ↎ↆ↭ↈ⅛‒‒ኔᙲӳᚸ˟Ⅶ⇓∐∐⇟⇮↗ɭမ ․… ӭⅧ‒ⅦИ஖գᔎ࣬े↗⇓∐⇟⇮⇮૙ᅕ‫‒ܖ‬∀⇮∑⇟∝⇻⇇∙∝∄⇟⇟⇮∐⇸⇮≋‣ ‥•‣ • ≌↝⇭⇑∑⇮ɼ፯፯৤ЙⅧ‒ႆᘙᎍ≝ьᕲ
ᕲշʂέဃ‒ ⁷‒ ᚸᎍ≝ስҾؕᇘᇘέဃ‒‒Ⅶ‫ܪ‬૙૙Ꮛ↚ⅹↀ↺⇰∏⇬⇬⇉⇼‒ ⊦‒ ∇⇣⇩⇯↝ܱោ↗јௐⅧ‒ႆᘙᎍ≝‫ޢ‬஭Ⴚ೔έέဃ∝ࢹஊྦྷↄ⇂‒ ⁷‒ ᚸᎍ≝ʟʟɥᝮᚺέဃ‒‒Ⅶ⇓∐⇝⇥∙଺ˊஇИ஖↚↚ⅹↀ↺⇓∐⇟⇮૙↗ʿ૙↝ʩฏⅧ‒

ႆᘙᎍ≝‫ٻ‬ԧԧଡ࠯έဃ‒ ⁷‒ ᚸᎍ≝ᡁɶ̬፦፦έဃ‒‒Ⅶ⇓∐⇟⇮૙ɭမᚇⅺ↸↝↝ଐஜᅕ‫↝ܖ‬ϐዻ঺Ⅷ‒ႆᘙᎍ≝ᆖ‫׽‬‫׽‬ʁԧέဃ‒ ⁷‒ ᚸᎍ≝ౕဋՋʍ
ʍέဃ‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒

᩼ࠝѮ↝έဃ↖ↃӋьⅾ↏ↄ↺έဃ↞⅚᝻૰แͳ↝↎↎↰⅚ⅹ৖ૠ
↖ↈⅻ⅚Ӌь⇁ˌɦ↧ ‧‡‥• ↭↖↚ⅹჷ↸↊ⅾ↏ↄⅳ⅛
ɼ͵≝⇻⇇⇑∑⇬⇉∞∝⇭⇉⇿∓⇩⇽∇∙⇮‫ۀ‬Ճ˟‒
‚ਃ࢘
࢘≝ᖓଢ‒

⁧⁥⁚⁛⁓⁝⁛′⁦⁕⁛†⁓⁕†⁜⁢‛‒