ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ၌ဥ̤̫ͥͅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐဥȽ඾ུȄ‫࣭܀‬Ȅಎ࣭ȄరსȄༀ࣭̤̫ͥͅ৘બ໦ଢ଼Ƚ

ࢩଳȁେ֚
͉̲͛ͅ
ུࡄ‫͈ݪ‬࿒എ͉Ȅ඾ུȄ‫࣭܀‬Ȅಎ࣭ȄరსȄༀ࣭̞̠͂ˑ͈̾౷֖̤ͅ
̞̀Ȅક๯৪̦ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠͅͺ·ΓΑ̳̹͈ͥ͛൲‫̦ܥ‬Ȅક๯৪࣐൲
ࡄ‫ͬݪ‬ಎ૤ͅဥ̞̞ͣͦ̀ͥ١‫ࢗ͂ڢ‬၌͈იழ͙̽̀͢ͅ୰ྶ̧̥́ͥ̓
̠̥ͬ࠿൦̳̭̜ͥ͂́ͥȃͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈͒ͺ·ΓἈ̦͈̠̈́͢൲
‫̫̀̽̿͢ͅܥ‬൵̥̞͈̥ͦ̀ͥͬၑٜ̳̭͉ͥ͂Ȅ΍ͼΠࢹಃ͞ࢩ࣬੄
ࣂͅ‫ͼͥͩ۾‬ϋΗȜΥΛΠ‫۾‬Ⴒ͈ΫΐΥᾼ͂̽̀ခ‫ૂ̈́ף‬༭ͬ೹‫̧́ރ‬ͥȃˍȅક๯ࡄ‫͂ݪ‬١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·ૂ༭ͬං̹ͥ͛ͅιΟͻͺͅͺ·ΓΑ̳ͥ൲‫͉ܥ‬Ȅࣣၑഎ͈̈́͊͜
̥͉̞ͤ́̈́ȃਠ‫࣐̹̫ͦͣ̿۝‬൲̜ͦ͊͜Ȅশ‫਀͈̱͐̾ۼ‬౲̱͂̀ͺ·ΓΑ̱̳̞͞ιΟͻͺͬ၌ဥ̳̞̠̭̜ͥ͂͂ͥ͜ȃક๯ࡄ‫́ݪ‬͉̭͈̠̈́͢࿚ఴփে̥ͣȄఉ̩͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬৪̦ક๯ࠐࡑ͈ਹါ଻ͬঐഊ̱ ̀ ̞ ͥȪHolbrook and Hirschman 1982; Hirschman and Holbrook

1982; O'Curry and Strahilevitz 2001ȫȃୋ຦͈‫ݖ‬۷എ̈́௰࿂͈͙ͅઙത
ͬ൚̹̺̫͉̀́Ȅ࡛య͈ક๯࣐൲͉୰ྶ̧̞̥̜́̈́ͣ́ͥȃಎ́͜

Holbrook ͂ Hirschman ͉Ȅୋ຦ঀဥ̤̫ͥͅࠐࡑ‫ث‬౵ͬ୰ྶ̳̹ͥ͛
͈ક๯ͬȄ١‫߿ڢ‬ક๯ȪHedonic Consumptionȫ͂ࡤ̺ͭȪHirschman12ີȁআȁაȁ஽and Holbrook 1982ȫȃ̯ͣͅȄક๯৪͉ࣣၑഎͅփএࠨ೰࣐̠̞̠ͬ͂ૂ༭ੜၑͺίυȜΙ͈ࡠ‫ͬٮ‬ঐഊ̱Ȅક๯৪࣐൲͈෾ٚ་ତ̱͂̀‫௴̩ޛ‬̢̞̹ͣͦ̀΀κȜΏοϋȪemotionȫུ͈ৗഎ̈́‫ث‬౵ͅઙതͬ൚̀Ȅક๯৪͈ࠐࡑ‫ث‬౵ͅಕ࿒̧̳͓̺͂৽ಫ̱̞̀ͥȃ̹͘Ȅ๞͉ͣࠐࡑ‫ث‬౵̱͂̀Ȅ२͈̾ FȄέ͹ϋΗΐȜȪFantasyȫ
ȄέͻȜςϋΈȪFeelingȫȄ‫ڢ‬ȃ̱͙ȪFanȫͬ‫̞̬ͥ̀ݷ‬ȪHolbrook and Hirschman 1982ȫક๯ࠐࡑͬయນ̳ͥ‫ٽ‬ැ̜́ͥȶ١‫݅৽ڢ‬ȷͅచ̳ͥ‫ٽ‬ැ̦ȶࢗ၌৽݅Ȫutilitarianȫȷ̜́ͥȃ١‫ڢ‬ȟࢗ၌ȪHED/UTȫ৲ഽ͉Ȅ̳̞̩́ͅ
̥͈̾ࡄ‫̞̯̥ͥ̀ͦͣͅྶ̞̤̀̽̀͢ͅݪ‬ȃVoss ͣȪ2003ȫ͉Ȅ١‫ڢ‬എȪHEDȫ৲ഽ͂ࢗ၌എȪUTȫ৲ഽ̞̠͂ণത̥ͣȄક๯৪͈ఠഽͬ
໦႒̳ͥიழ͙ͬা̱̞̀ͥȃOlney, Holbrook, and BatraȪ1991ȫ͉Ȅࢩ͈࣬͒฽؊ͬۜૂ͂ఠഽ̫ͩͅȄఠഽ͈ါள̱͂̀١‫ࢗ͂ڢ‬၌ͬ৾ͤષ̬̞̀ͥȃ̹͘ȄBabin, Darden., and GriffinȪ1994ȫ͉ͣȄฃ̞໤̤̫ͥͅક๯৪͈‫ث‬౵ͬ١‫ࢗ͂ڢ‬၌͈۷ത̥ͣྶ̥̱̞ͣ̀ͥͅȃ̯ͣͅȄ

Chandon, Wansink, and LaurentȪ1999, 2000ȫ͉ȄΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈͒ఠഽ͈௶೰ͅဥ̞̞̀ͥȃ̴̞͈ͦࡄ‫̞̤̀͜ͅݪ‬Ȅୋ຦Ȅฃ̞໤ȄΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈͒ఠഽ̦Ȅ١‫ࢗ͂ڢ‬၌̞̠͂იழ͙̥ͣ෤՜
ȃ̧̭̦́ͥ͂া̯̞ͦ̀ͥȪ଎ນ 1-1ȫ

2ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ၌ဥ̤̫ͥͅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐဥȪࢩଳȫ

3

଎ນ 1-1 యນഎ̈́ HED/UT ৲ഽࢗ၌৽݅١‫݅৽ڢ‬

Olney et.al,Ȫ1991ȫ‫ܨ‬঵̻̞̞ȟ‫ܨ‬঵̻՛̞ਹါȟਹါ͉̞́̈́
ૂ༭଻̦ఉ̞ȟૂ༭଻̦ઁ̞̈́

ࡉ͈̦ͥ‫̞̱ڢ‬ȟࡉ̞̀̾ͣ̈́͘͜

࿨ၛ̾ȟ࿨ၛ̹̞̈́

࿂ฒ̩̞̈́ȟ࿂ฒ̞༒၌ȟະ༒‫̞̱ڢ‬ȟ‫̞̩̱̈́ڢ‬Chandon et.al,Ȫ1999ȫ
୯࿩ȁȪ߄஘എ୯࿩ȫ‫ث‬౵ນ࡛ȁȪুࡨ‫ٽ‬ැ͂ࡢ૽‫ث‬౵͈ນ࡛͂࢜ષȫ

1. জུ͉൚̤ͅ߄ͬ୯࿩̳ͥ
2. জ͉̞͢ฃ̞໤̱̹̲ͬ͂ۜͥ
3. জུ͉൚̤ͅ߄ͬঀ̴̳̺ͩͭͅ

1. জ͉‫ܨ‬໦̦̞̞
2. জ͉ু໦͈ฃ̞໤ͅࡶͤͬ঵̀ͥ
3. জ͉ࡋ̞ࣔฃ৪̹̞̈́ͤͅ

຦ৗȁȪୋ຦ࣔฃ͈ৗ͈࢜ષȫอࡉȁȪঁࠣ͂ఉအ଻ȫ

1. জ͉൳̲౵౲̞́ͤ͢͢຦ৗ͈੸຦ͬ਀ͅවͦ 1. জ͉૧̱̞ήρϋΡͅಯ୽̱̹̞
ͣͦͥ

2. জ͉ͅຽ౲͈੸຦̞͈ͤͬ͢͢͜ฃ̠ဒဉ̦̜ 2. জ͉൳̲ήρϋΡͬฃ̠̭͂ͬ๰̫ͥ
ͥ

3. জ͉̞ͤ͢͢ήρϋΡͅͺΛίΈτȜΡ̧́ͥ 3. জ͉૧̱̞໤ͬฃ̧̠̥̫̥͚̽ͬ̾
၌༒଻ȁȪౝள͂փ঎ࠨ೰΋ΑΠ͈ॉࡘȫ΀ϋΗȜΞͼϋιϋΠȁȪ‫͙̱͂ڢ‬๼എ‫ث‬౵ȫ

1. ̭͈ͦͣίυκȜΏοϋ͉জͅȂຈါ̈́੸຦ͬ 1. ̭͈ͦͣίυκȜΏοϋ͉‫̞̱ڢ‬এ̞੄̵̯ͥ

2. ̭͈ͦͣίυκȜΏοϋ͉জ͈୆‫ ̱̀ͅڢͬڰ‬2. ̭͈ͦͣίυκȜΏοϋ͉࿂ฒ̞̩ͦͥ

3. জ͉‫̦ة‬ຈါ̥এ̞੄̧̳̭̦͂́ͥ

3. ̭͈ͦͣίυκȜΏοϋ͉̩̩̳ͩͩͥ
Voss et.al,Ȫ2003ȫ࢘‫ض‬എȟ๱࢘‫ض‬എ‫̞̩̱̈́ڢ‬ȟ‫̞̱ڢ‬࿨ၛ̾ȟ࿨ၛ̹̞̈́

̞̾ͣ̈́͘ȟ‫ޟ‬໭̵̯ͥ‫ܥ‬ෝഎȟ๱‫ܥ‬ෝഎະ࿱١̺ȟ࿱١̺

ຈါȟະຈါ

ঁ̦̞ࠣ̈́ȟঁࠣഎ৘ဥഎȟ๱৘ဥഎ

‫̱ͥ͛ڢ‬ȟ‫̞̱̈́͛ڢ‬༒‫̜ͥ́ף‬ȟခ‫̜ͥ́ٺ‬‫̞̱ܘ‬ȟ‫̞̩̱̈́ܘ‬ࣣၑഎȟ๱ࣣၑഎ

‫ܨ‬঵̻̞̞ȟ‫ܨ‬঵̻՛̞࢘ၚഎȟ๱࢘ၚഎ

̱ͦ̽͝‫̜̦ͥܨ‬ẖ̌ͦ̽͝‫̞̦̈́ܨ‬୆ॲ଻̦̞ࣞȟ୆ॲ଻̦೩̞

ྶ̞ͥȟճ̞

঵̻‫̞̳͍͞׋‬ȟ঵̻‫̞̩͍ͅ׋‬࿂ฒ̞ȟ࿂ฒ̩̞̈́

࿚ఴٜࠨ̧́ͥȟ࿚ఴٜࠨ̧̞́̈́

ۜ‫ژ‬എ̺ȟۜ‫ژ‬എ͉̞́̈́
̤̥̱̩̞̈́ȟ̤̥̱̞̭͈ͦ́͘ιΟͻͺࡄ‫͉́ݪ‬Ȅ၌ဥ͂ྖ௷͈ၑაȪTheory of Uses andGratificationsȫ̦෾ఘ୪૘ͬ୰ྶ̳̹͈ͥ͛ಎ૤എ̈́ၑაഎიழ͙̱͂
̀ဥ̧̞̹ͣͦ̀ȃ၌ဥ͂ྖ௷͈ၑა͉Ȅ΂ȜΟͻ΀ϋΑ͈ΣȜΒ͞ιΟͻͺ୪૘͈൲‫ͬܥ‬ၑٜ̳̹ͥ͛ͅဥ̞ͣͦȄ΂ȜΟͻ΀ϋΑ͈ΣȜΒȄ൲‫ܥ‬Ȅ3

4ີȁআȁაȁ஽࣐൲ͬྶ̧̥̱̹ͣ̀ͅȪKatz, Blumler, and Gurevitch 1973ȫȃ̭͈ၑა͈ஜ೹͉Ȅ΂ȜΟͻ΀ϋΑ͈࣐൲͉࿒എ঎̜࢜́ͤȄιΟͻͺ̦ఈ͈΋ηνΣΉȜΏοῧ‫̤̱ࣣͤ̀އ‬Ȅ΂ȜΟͻ΀ϋΑ̦අ೰͈ιΟͻͺ̥͈ͣ‫ͬޣג‬਋̫ͥ߹̜࢜ͤͅȄιΟͻͺ̦΂ȜΟͻ΀ϋΑ͈အș̈́‫ث‬౵۷ͅ‫̜̭̠̞̳ͥ́͂͂ͥޣג‬ȪRubin 2002ȫȃ͘ ̹Ȅ ͼ ϋ Η Ȝ Υ Λ Π ͈ ୪ ૘ ࣐ ൲ ͬ ୰ ྶ ̳ ͥ ͜ ͈ ͂ ̱ ̀ ͉ȄTAMȪTechnology Acceptance Modelȫ͜౶̞ͣͦ̀ͥȃDavis ͣȪ1989ȫ͉Ȅ΋ϋάνȜΗȜ͈਋ယ୰ྶ̳̹͈ͥ͛་ତ̱͂̀ȄఠഽȪattitudeȫȄ৽۷Ȅ౶‫̹̯ͦژ‬၌༒଻Ȫperceived usefulnessȫ
ȄഎܰํȪsubjective normȫ
౶‫̯̳̞͞ঀ̹̯ͦژ‬Ȫperceived ease of useȫ̈́̓ͬ‫̞̬ͥ̀ݷ‬ȃ๞ͣ ͈ ၑ ა ͉ȄAjzen ͂ FishbeinȪ1975ȫ ͈ TRAȪtheory of reasoned

actionȫͅջ‫̤̱ͤ̀ݶ‬ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈̈́̓૧̱̞ܿ੅ͬક๯৪̦न
ဥ̳͉ͥͅȄࣣၑഎ̈́฻౯̦෸ࠊ̜ͥ͂ͅ৽ಫ̱̞̀ͥȃ̱̥̱ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ̦ຽ‫̳̀ͦ̾ͥͅݞ‬Ȅਲြ͈ TAM ͈ࡠ‫ͬٮ‬ঐഊ̳ͥ୊͜໳̥
̧̠̹ͦͥ̈́̽̀͢ͅȃͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͉ͅջட̱͂̀૧̱̞ܿ੅̦৾ͤ
ࣺ̞̦ͦ̀ͥ͘Ȅક๯৪̦ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠͅͺ·ΓΑ̳̭ͥ͂ুఘ͉Ȅ̮̩൚̹ͤஜ̧͈̭̹̥̜͂̈́̽̀ͣ́ͥͅȃBruner and KumarȪ2005ȫ͉ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠͬ၌ဥ̳ͥশ͈١‫ڢ‬എ̈́௰࿂Ȅ̳̻̈́ͩ‫͙̱ڢ‬Ȫfun

attributeȫͅಕ࿒̱ TAM ͬ‫ڐ‬ಫ̱̞̀ͥȃུࡄ‫͉́ݪ‬ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠͅͺ·ΓΑ̳̭ͥ͂͞ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ̥ͣංͣͦͥૂ༭ͬੜၑ̳̭̦ͥ͂඾ુ୆‫͈ڰ‬ಎ࣐́ͩͦͥȶક๯ȷ͈֚ਅ̺
̞̠͂ஜ೹ͅၛ̻ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈͒୪૘࣐൲̤̞̀͜ͅ١‫ڢ‬എ̈́αΥέͻΛΠ͂ࢗ၌എ̈́αΥέͻΛΠ͈έτȜθχȜ·̦ഐ؊‫خ‬ෝ̺͂ࣉ̢̹ȃˎȅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·͈փ݅١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·͉Ȅ̳́ͅͼϋΗȜΥΛΠո‫͈ٸ‬ζȜΉΞͻ
4ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ၌ဥ̤̫ͥͅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐဥȪࢩଳȫ

5ϋΈȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ਀౲͜ͅഐ؊̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ̢̹͂͊ȄChandon ͣȪ1999, 2000ȫ͉ȄΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈਀౲ͬ١‫ڢ‬എαΥέͻΛΠ͂ࢗ၌എαΥέͻΛΠ̽̀͢ͅ໦႒̱̞̀
ͥȃ̭ͦ́͘ΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈਀౲͉Ȅ೹‫ͼ̯ͥͦރ‬ϋΓϋΞͻ
ῄ̽̀͢‫߿ڒث‬ίυκȜΏοῧ๱‫߿ڒث‬ίυκȜΏοῧͅ໦႒̯ͦ
̧̹̀ȃ̭͈໦႒͉Ȅࢗ၌എαΥέͻΛΠͅ߃̞ࣉ̢༷̜̦́ͥȄ৘षͅΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ̦৘ঔ̯ͦͥાࣣ͉ͅȄࢩ͈̠࣬͢ͅ൳শͅജ
‫̯ͥͦٳ‬ζȜΉΞͻϋΈȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ਀౲͈ͼιȜΐ̈́̓͜ΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈ບ‫̢ͥͦͣࣉ̳͂ͥޣגͅث‬ȃChandon ͉ͣȄΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈਀౲ͬ١‫ڢ‬എαΥέͻΛΠ͂ࢗ၌എαΥέͻΛΠ
̞̠͂ষࡓ̽̀͢ͅ໦ଢ଼̳̭ͥ͂́Ȅఉအ̈́ΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈਀౲ͬȄ໦႒̳ͥ૧̱̞იழ͙ͬ೹‫̞̱ͥ̀ރ‬ȃ൳̲̠̈́͢έτȜθχȜ·ͬဥ̞̀Ȅໝତ͈ζȜΉΞͻϋΈȆ΋ηνΣ Ή Ȝ Ώ ο ϋ ਀ ౲ ͬ ๤ ‫ͥ ̜ ͜ ݪ ࡄ ̹ ̱ ڛ‬ȃ ̹ ͂ ̢ ͊ Mathwick ͣ ͉ȄHolbrook ͈ͣࠐࡑ‫ث‬౵͈έτȜθχȜ·ͅ‫̞̀̿ܖ‬Ȅ΃ΗυΈȆΏοΛάϋΈ͂ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠȆΏοΛάϋΈ͈ບ‫ث‬৲ഽͬ‫ٳ‬อ̱̞̀ͥȃ̷͈Ȅဋ͍૤ȪPlayfulnessȫ
Ȅ΍ȜΫΑȆ΀·Γτࠫ‫ض‬Ȅ๼എȪAestheticsȫ
Ȅࡺ‫ ͈ݖ‬ROIȪCustomer ROIȫ̞̠͂௰࿂
ϋΑȪService Excellenceȫ
ͬ೹մ̱̞̀ͥȃ๞͈ͣࡄ‫͉ݪ‬Ȅ઀ค۪‫͈̞̀̾ͅޏ‬໦ଢ଼͉̜̦́ͥȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͂΃ΗυΈ̞̾̀ͅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·ͬജ‫̱̀ٳ‬̞ͥȃ৘ष͈ζȜΉΞͻϋΈ‫ڰ‬൲͉́Ȅໝତ͈ζȜΉΞͻϋΈȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ਀౲̦ဥ̞̦ͣͦͥȄ̷ͦͣͬ༫‫گ‬എͅບ‫̳ͥث‬იழ͙͉ઁ̞̈́ȃ̢̹͂͊ȄΞτΫ͈ণಶၚ͞૧໳͈̈́̓උ৪ତ̞̹͂̽෾ఘ͞ࢩ͈࣬ൢో
́ບ‫๊༹͉༷̳֚ͥث‬എ࣐̞̦ͩͦ̀ͥͅȄΞτΫ CM ͂૧໳ࢩ͈࣬࢘
‫ͬض‬൳শͅ๤‫͉͈̳ͥڛ‬ඳ̱̞ȃ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·͈̠͢ͅȄક๯৪ণത͈იழ͙̦̜ͦ͊ȄΗͼί͈։̈́ͥఉအ̈́ζȜΉΞͻϋΈȆ΋5

6ີȁআȁაȁ஽ηνΣΉȜΏοϋͬ๤‫̳ͥڛ‬ণതͬ೹‫̧ͥ́ރ‬ȃ࡛हȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈͒ͺ·ΓΑ͉ȄPC ̺̫̩́̈́ࠈఝഩდ͞ PDA
̥࣐̞̦̈́̓ͣͩͦ̀ͥ͜Ȅུࡄ‫͉́ݪ‬ໝତ͈౷֖ͅളͥ಺औͬ৘ঔ̳ͥ
സࣣષ̥ͣȄPC ̤̫ͥͅͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ၌ဥ஠๊ͅઙതͬ൚̀̀ࡄ‫ͬݪ‬̳̭̱̹ͥ͂ͅȃոષ͈̠̈́͢࿚ఴփে̥ͣȄུࡄ‫͉́ݪ‬ষ͈̠̈́͢ࡄ‫هݪ‬ఴͬ୭೰̱̹ȃRQȇ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·̦ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠͅഐ؊̧̥́ͥ̓
̠̥ˏȅ໦ଢ଼਀ਜ਼
୶ͅ੆͓̹ࡄ‫هݪ‬ఴͬྶ̥̳̹ͣͥ͛ͅͅȄո‫͈ئ‬໦ଢ଼਀ਜ਼ͬ൩̺ͭȃ
Ȫ1ȫ৲ഽ͈‫ٳ‬อͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈͒୪૘൲‫͉̞̀̾ͅܥ‬Ȅ١‫ࢗ͂ڢ‬၌ͬփেഎ̈́ࡄ‫̦ݪ‬ࡉ̜̹̥̹̹ͣ̈́̽͛Ȅ‫ܡ‬ంࡄ‫ͬض଼͈ݪ‬؊ဥ̳̭̱̹ͥ͂ͅȃ৲ഽ͈‫ٳ‬อͅ൚̹͉̽̀Ȅࢩ͈࣬͂‫۾‬Ⴒ̦૬̞ΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈ࡄ‫଼ݪ‬‫̞̀̿ܖͅض‬ৗ࿚ࣜ࿒ͬै଼̱̹ȪChandon et. al. 1999: Chandon et. al.

2000ȫȃΓȜσΑȆίυκȜΏοϋ͈ࣜ࿒̷̦͈͘͘ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ̜͉̫͉̞͈̀ͥͩ́̈́́͘ͅȄχȜΟͻϋΈͬਘୃ̱̞̀ͥȃ١‫ڢ‬എ൲‫͂ܥ‬ࢗ၌എ൲‫͈ܥ‬ৗ࿚ࣜ࿒̷̸ͦͦ 3 ̴̾̾Ȅࠗ 6 ࣜ࿒ͬဥփ̱̹ȃ଎ນ 3-1 ৗ࿚ࣜ࿒
UT

HED

6

ॽমͅ࿨ၛ̾ૂ༭ͬ౶̧̹̞ͤ͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
ΗͼθςȜ̈́ૂ༭ͬ౶̧̹̞ͤ͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
୆‫ͅڰ‬࿨ၛ̾ૂ༭ͬ౶̧̹̞ͤ͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
ၠ࣐ͬ୶̧̱̹̞৾ͤ͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
̩̈́ͭ͂̈́၌ဥ̳ͥ
΀ϋΗΞͼϋιϋΠ͈࿒എ́၌ဥ̳ͥ
UTȇࢗ၌എ৲ഽȄHEDȇ١‫ڢ‬എ৲ഽͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ၌ဥ̤̫ͥͅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐဥȪࢩଳȫ

7

Ȫ2ȫ‫ڠ‬୆಺औͼϋΗȜΥΛΠȆͺ·ΓΑ͈൲‫̹͓͛ͥͅ಺ͬܥ‬Ȅ5 ͈̾౷֖Ȅ10 ͈ఱ‫ڠ́ڠ‬୆చય͈಺औͬ৘ঔ̱̹ȃ಺औຘ͉Ȅ̷̸͈ͦͦ౷֖͈੄૸৪
ͅ඾ུࢊ̥࡛ͣ౷͈࡞ࢊཱུͅ࿫̱̹ͬ̀ͣ̽͜ȃ಺औ‫͉ۼܢ‬Ȅ2004 ා 11
࠮̥ͣ 2005 ා 3 ࠮̥̫࣐̹̀ͩͦͅȃ಺औ‫̦ۼܢ‬๤‫ڛ‬എಿ‫̹̀̽ͩͅܢ‬̞͈͉ͥȄ‫ڎ‬౷֖͈‫಺͞صݝ‬औ̥̥ͥͅ਀௽̧̦։̹̹̜̈́̽͛́ͥȃ̱̥̱ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ஠๊̞͈̾̀ͅ಺औ̜̭̥́ͥ͂ͣȄ๭ࡑ৪͈ٝ൞
ͅဓ̢ͥ‫̞͕͉͂̈́̓ͭ͂ޣג‬এͩͦͥȃȪ3ȫ֦ঊ໦ଢ଼ৗ ࿚ ࣜ ࿒ ̦ ே ೰ ೒ ͤ ͈ ࢹ ௮ ͂ ̈́ ̽ ̀ ̞ ͥ ̥ ̓ ̠ ̥ ͬ ౝ ͥ ̹ ͛ ͅȄSPSSver.13.0 ͬဥ̞̀৲ഽ͈૞ှ଻ͬ௶೰̱̹ȃ·υϋΨΛΧ͈Ϸͬࡉ̹̭͂ͧȄ͕͈͂ͭ̓৲ഽ̦କ੔౵̯͂ͦͥ 0.6 ͬષ̞̹ٝ̽̀Ȫ଎ນ

4-2ȫȃ̷̸͈ͦͦ৲ഽ͈૞ှ଻̦‫̧̭̹́ͧ͂́෇ږ‬Ȅ‫෇ږ‬എ֦ঊ໦ଢ଼ͅ
̽̀͢ఠഽ͈ࢹ௮ͬ‫̹̱̭͚̳̳͂͂͒ͅުै̳ͥ෇ږ‬ȃ໦ଢ଼͉ͅ Amosver.5.0 ͬဥ̞̹ȃ଎ນ 3-2ȁ৲ഽ͈૞ှ଻
౷֖ྴ
஠ఘ
඾ུ
‫࣭܀‬
ಎ࣭
రს
ༀ࣭

་ତྴ

UT
HED
UT
HED
UT
HED
UT
HED
UT
HED
UT
HED

Ϸ߸ତ

ࣜ࿒ତ

΍ϋίσତ

0.705
0.683
0.637
0.602
0.626
0.599
0.785
0.755
0.750
0.688
0.714
0.747

3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3

936
192
190
123
203
228

7

8

ີȁআȁაȁ஽‫෇ږ‬എ֦ঊ໦ଢ଼͈਀ਜ਼̱͉͂̀Ȅ̴̳͓͈̀͘౷֖͈֚ͬ̾ΟȜΗΓΛΠ̱͂̀໦ଢ଼̱Ȫ஠ఘȫȄ̷͈ࢃ̷̸͈ͦͦ౷֖͈κΟσͬ࠿બȄ̱̹ȃ஠͈̀౷֖ͬ‫̹͛܄‬κΟσഐࣣഽ͉ȄЌ 2=28.92ȪP < 0.00ȫ

GFI=0.98ȄAGFI=0.97ȄCFI=0.98ȄRMSEA=0.05Ȅ඾ུ͈κΟσഐȄGFI=0.97ȄAGFI=0.90ȄCFI=0.97Ȅࣣഽ͉ȄЌ 2=12.73ȪP < 0.02ȫ

RMSEA=0.09Ȅ ‫ ͈ ࣭ ܀‬κ Ο σ ഐ ࣣ ഽ ͉Ȅ Ќ 2=7.76ȪP < 0.45ȫȄ
GFI=0.98ȄAGFI=0.96ȄCFI=1.00ȄRMSEA=0.00Ȅಎ࣭͈κΟσഐȄGFI=0.98ȄAGFI=0.96ȄCFI=1.00Ȅ
ࣣ ഽ ͉Ȅ Ќ 2=6.05ȪP < 0.64ȫ

RMSEA=0.00Ȅ ర ს ͈ κ Ο σ ഐ ࣣ ഽ ͉Ȅ Ќ 2=17.70ȪP < 0.02ȫȄ
GFI=0.97ȄAGFI=0.92ȄCFI=0.96ȄRMSEA=0.07Ȅༀ࣭͈κΟσഐȄGFI=0.99ȄAGFI=0.95ȄCFI=0.98Ȅࣣഽ͉ȄЌ 2=31.82ȪP < 0.00ȫ

RMSEA Ɂ 0.05 ̜̹́̽ȃ‫࣭͂܀‬ಎ࣭̤̞̀ͅ P ౵͈ତ౵̦ခփକ੔ͬષ̞̦ٝ̽̀ͥȄP ౵͉΍ϋίσ͈ఱ̧̯ͅऒֲ̯̭̦ͦͥ͂ঐഊ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃఈ͈ഐࣣഽ͉ఏ൚̈́
ํսͅਓ̤̽̀ͤ͘Ȅ̷̸͈ͦͦκΟσ̤̫ͥͅΩριȜΗȜଔ೰౵͜ခ
Ȅ‫ڎ‬౷֖͈κΟσ̷̸͉ͦͦఏ൚̜́
փକ੔̜̭̥́ͥ͂ͣȪ଎ນ 4-5ȫͥ͂া̯̹ͦȃ଎ນ 3-3 ࠿બ̯̹ͦκΟσ

UT

8

HED

9

ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ၌ဥ̤̫ͥͅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐဥȪࢩଳȫ଎ນ 3-4 κΟσഐࣣഽ͈ါ࿩
ALL
඾ུ
‫࣭܀‬
ಎ࣭
రს
ༀ࣭

CMIN
28.92
12.73
7.76
6.05
17.70
31.82

P

0
0.02
0.45
0.64
0.02
0

CMIN/DF
3.61
3.50
0.97
0.75
2.21
3.97

GFI
0.98
0.97
0.98
0.98
0.97
0.99

AGFI
0.97
0.90
0.96
0.95
0.92
0.95

CFI
0.98
0.96
1
1
0.96
0.98

RMSEA
0.05
0.09
0
0
0.07
0.05

଎ນ 3-5 ΩριȜΗȜ͈ଔ೰౵ࣜ࿒୆‫ͅڰ‬࿨ၛ̾ૂ༭ͬ౶̹̞ͤ
̧͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
ΗͼθςȜ̈́ૂ༭ͬ౶̹̞ͤ
̧͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
ॽমͅ࿨ၛ̾ૂ༭ͬ౶̹̞ͤ
̧͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
΀ϋΗΞͼϋιϋΠ͈࿒എ́၌ဥ̳̩ͥ̈́ͭ͂̈́၌ဥ̳ͥ
ၠ࣐ͬ୶̧̱̹̞৾ͤ͂ͅ၌
ဥ̳ͥ

඾ུ
ດ੔‫ا‬
P౵
߸ତ

‫࣭܀‬
ດ੔‫ا‬
P౵
߸ତ

0.77

0.82

ɩ

UT

0.81

ɩ

UT

0.53

***

0.30

***

0.65

***

ɩ

UT

0.70

***

0.74

***

0.42

***

ɩ

HED

0.68

ɩ

HED

0.62

***

0.61

***

0.58

***

ɩ

HED

0.64

***

0.75

***

0.59

***

ࣜ࿒
୆‫ͅڰ‬࿨ၛ̾ૂ༭ͬ౶̹̞ͤ
̧͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
ΗͼθςȜ̈́ૂ༭ͬ౶̹̞ͤ
̧͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
ॽমͅ࿨ၛ̾ૂ༭ͬ౶̹̞ͤ
̧͂ͅ၌ဥ̳ͥ
΀ϋΗΞͼϋιϋΠ͈࿒എ́၌ဥ̳̩ͥ̈́ͭ͂̈́၌ဥ̳ͥ
ၠ࣐ͬ୶̧̱̹̞৾ͤ͂ͅ၌
ဥ̳ͥ

஠ఘ
ດ੔‫ا‬
P౵
߸ତ

0.43

0.61

ಎ࣭
ດ੔‫ا‬
P౵
߸ତ

రს
ດ੔‫ا‬
P౵
߸ତ

ༀ࣭
ດ੔‫ا‬
P౵
߸ତ

0.80

0.82

ɩ

UT

0.80

ɩ

UT

0.63

***

0.57

***

0.52

***

ɩ

UT

0.66

***

0.79

***

0.69

***

ɩ

HED

0.84

ɩ

HED

0.71

***

0.67

***

0.61

***

ɩ

HED

0.64

***

0.64

***

0.66

***

0.62

0.68

ːȅఉ༦ਬ౬͈൳শ໦ଢ଼
ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠȆͺ·ΓΑ͈൲‫̫̤ͥͅܥ‬١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐࣣ‫خ‬ෝ଻ͬ‫͉̹̳͛ͥͅ෇ږ‬Ȅఉ໲‫̞̤̀ͅۼا‬κΟσ͈൝౵଻910ີȁআȁაȁ஽ͬ‫̳ͥ෇ږ‬ຈါ̦̜ͥȃ̷͈̹͛ͅȄAmos ver.5.0 ͬဥ̞̀ఉ༦ਬ౬͈
൳শ໦ଢ଼࣐̠̭̱̹ͬ͂ͅȪByrne 2001ȫ̭͈਀༹͉ Stennkamp andBaumgartnerȪ1998ȫ̽̀͢ͅ೹੹̯̹ͦఉ໲‫͈ۼا‬κΟσͬ๤‫̳ͥڛ‬਀༹́Ȅඵ࣭‫͈ۼ‬κΟσͅ൝౵ଷ࿩ͬ‫̱̀ه‬Ќඵ઺౵͈ओ։̽̀͢ͅ฻౯
̳̞̠͈̜ͥ͂́ͥ͜ȃ२ώ࣭‫ۼ‬ոષ̈́ͥ͂ͅ໦ଢ଼̦๏ॠ̹̈́ͥ͛ͅȄඵ࣭‫̮͂ͅۼ‬๤‫̹࣐̽ͬڛ‬ȃ̷͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅరსͬੰ̩౷֖͈‫́ۼ‬κΟσ‫͈ۼ‬ओ։̦̞̈́͂෇̹͛ͣͦȃ̾ͤ͘Ȅओ։̦෇̞͛ͣͦ̈́౷֖‫͉́ۼ‬Ȅ൳̲κΟσ͈ഐ؊‫خ‬ෝ଻̦̜̞̠̭ͥ͂͂̈́ͥͅȃ̹̺̱Ȅॼැ̦̈́ͣȄ̳͓͈̀౷֖‫́ۼ‬κΟσ͈؊ဥ‫خ‬ෝ଻̦ྶ̥ͣͅ
̯̹̫͉̞ͦͩ́̈́ȃඅͅȄరს͉ఈ͈౷֖͈͂κΟσ‫̜̦̞֑͂ͥͅۼ‬̞̠ࠫ‫̹̽̈́ͅض‬ȃ
଎ນ 4-1ȁఉ༦ਬ౬͈൳শ໦ଢ଼͈ࠫ‫ض‬
඾ུ
඾ུ
‫࣭܀‬
ༀ࣭
ಎ࣭
రს

‫࣭܀‬

ༀ࣭

ಎ࣭

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***

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P>0.05******

P>0.05
P>0.05***ˑȅ໹޳౵͈๤‫ڛ‬ষͅȄఉ༦ਬ౬͈൳শ໦ଢ଼́κΟσ‫͈ۼ‬ओ̦ࡉ̹ͣͦరსͬੰ̞̀౷֖
ओͬࡉ̹ͥ͛ͅȄ໦८໦ଢ଼࣐̹ͬ̽ȃࢗ၌എఠഽ͂١‫ڢ‬എఠഽ͈໹޳౵
̷̸ͬͦͦδϋέͿυȜΣ͈ΞΑΠ́࠿બ̱͙̹̀ȃࢗ၌എ൲‫ ͉ܥ‬F ౵=20.627ȄP<0.01Ȅ١‫ڢ‬എ൲‫ ͉ܥ‬F ౵ =9.666ȄP<0.01 ̜́ͤȄచય౷֖‫́ۼ‬ओ̦ࡉ̭̦̥̹ͣͦͥ͂ͩ̽ȃତ౵͈۷ത̥ͣࡉ͙̀ͥ͂Ȅ඾ུ͂ఈ͈౷֖͈͂‫̞֑͈ͅۼ‬ओ̦࿒ၛ̤̽̀ͤȄ١‫ڢ‬എ୪૘൲‫ࢗͤ͜͢ܥ‬၌എ୪૘൲‫̠͕͈ͅܥ‬Ȅ౷֖‫ڒ‬ओ̦࿒ၛ̭̦̥̹̾͂ͩ̽ȃ

10

11

ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ၌ဥ̤̫ͥͅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐဥȪࢩଳȫ଎ນ 6-1ȁఉষࡓ๤‫ض͈ࠫڛ‬Bonferroniȁȁਲ௺་ତȁUT
౷֖

౷֖

໹޳౵͈ओ

JP

KR
US
CH
JP
US
CH
JP
KR
CH
JP
KR
US

.5138(*).2960(*).6987(*)-.5138(*)
-0.22
0.18
-.2960(*)
0.22.4028(*)-.6987(*)-0.18-.4028(*)

KR

US

CH

S.E.
0.09
0.08
0.10
0.09
0.08
0.10
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.10
0.09

P

౷֖

0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.05
0.35
0.00
0.05
0.00
0.00
0.35
0.00

JP

౷֖

ਲ௺་ତȁHED
໹޳౵͈ओ
S.E.

P

KR
.3375(*)
0.09
0.00
US
.3790(*)
0.09
0.00
CH
.4768(*)
0.10
0.00
KR
JP
-.3375(*)
0.09
0.00
US
0.04
0.09
1.00
CH
0.14
0.10
1.00
US
JP
-.3790(*)
0.09
0.00
KR
-0.04
0.09
1.00
CH
0.10
0.10
1.00
CH
JP
-.4768(*)
0.10
0.00
KR
-0.14
0.10
1.00
US
-0.10
0.10
1.00
JP Ɂ඾ུȄKR Ɂ‫࣭܀‬ȄUS Ɂༀ࣭ȄCH Ɂಎ̢࣭͚̳͍̥̀ͅ
ུࡄ‫͉́ݪ‬ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈͒୪૘൲‫͈ܥ‬৲ഽͬ‫ٳ‬อ̱Ȅ‫෇ږ‬എ֦ঊ໦ଢ଼̽̀͢ͅ൲‫ࢹ͈ܥ‬௮ͬྶ̥̱̹ͣͅȃ̷͈ࢃȄ୪૘൲‫ࢹ͈ܥ‬௮ͬఉ࣭‫́ۼ‬๤‫̱ڛ‬Ȅ་ତ͈໹޳౵ͬ๤‫̹̱ڛ‬ȃ̷͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅ֚໐͈႕‫̹̜͉̽͜ٸ‬͈͈Ȅࡄ‫هݪ‬ఴͅ‫̹̬ݷ‬١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·͈ഐ؊‫خ‬ෝ଻ͬ‫෇ږ‬̧̳̭̦̹ͥ͂́ȃఉষࡓ๤‫̠̥̥ͥͩͣ͢͜ͅض͈ࠫڛ‬Ȅ١‫ڢ‬Ȇࢗ၌͈έτȜθχȜ·ͬဥ̞̭ͥ͂́౷֖අ଻ͬ਴඲ͅ෤՜̧̠́ͥ̈́ͥ͢ͅȃέτȜθχȜ·͈ഐ؊‫خ‬ෝ଻͂Ȅ‫ࣜڎ‬࿒͈ओ։͉ΈυȜΨσͅജ‫̀̽͂ͅުܑ̳ͥٳ‬ਹါ̈́ͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋͬ೹‫̧̠̺ͧͥ́ރ‬ȃུࡄ‫ه͈ݪ‬ఴ̱͉͂̀Ȅ಺औచય౷֖͈෸ࠊͅచ̳ٜͥ৷̦਱໦͉࣐ͅ
ͩͦං̥̹̭̦̈́̽͂‫̬ͥͦͣݷ‬ȃ̢̹͂͊Ȅరს͂ఈ͈౷֖͈͂‫́ۼ‬κΟσ͈൝౵଻ͬ‫̧̹̥̽̈́́෇ږ‬ȃ̭͈ࡔ֦̱͉͂̀Ȅ಺औຘ͈ৗ࿚ࣜ࿒
ତ͂‫ཱུݙ‬࿫͈࿚ఴതͬঐഊ̧̳̭̦ͥ͂́ͥȃུ಺औ͉Ȅఈ͈ιΟͻͺ͂ࢩ̞࣬̾̀͜ͅৗ࿚̱̤ͬ̀ͤȄඅͅ‫ڠ‬୆చય͈಺औ͉́ΑΠτΑ̦ఱ̧1112ີȁআȁაȁ஽̥̹̽‫خ‬ෝ଻̦̜ͥȃ̹͘Ȅరს̫͈࢜಺औຘ͉Ȅఈ͈౷֖͂։̈́ͤ୺࿝
ཱུ͈࿫‫ͬز‬ౝ̧̳̭̦̥̹͂́̈́̽ȃ࡛౷́୺࿝‫ͥ͢ͅز‬ΙͿΛ·̥̫̹͈̺̦ͬȄఈ͈౷֖͂๤͓̀ৗཱུ͈̞ࣞ࿫͉̥̹́̈́̽‫خ‬ෝ଻̦̜ͥȃ̹͘Ȅ١‫ࢗ͂ڢ‬၌͈་ତ͈໹޳౵ͬ๤‫̱ڛ‬Ȅࢗ၌എ൲‫̦༷͈ܥ‬١‫ڢ‬എ൲‫ͤ͜͢ܥ‬౷֖ओ̦̜̭ͥ͂ͬঐഊ̱̹̦Ȅ̷͈෸ࠊͅ‫͉̥͈̜̦́ͥ͘ة‬൩͙ࣺ̺݈ͭა̧࣐̠̭̦̥̹ͬ͂́̈́̽ȃ̭͈̠̈́͢ത̞͉̾̀ͅ‫ܥ‬ٛͬ٨̹̞͛ȃ
ͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈၌ဥ͉ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ́೹‫ૂ̯ͥͦރ‬༭̺̫̩́̈́ȄξȜΎȜ͈۪‫͞ޏ‬අ଻̽̀͢͜ͅ‫ͬޣג‬਋̫ͥȃఉ࣭‫͈́ۼ‬๤‫̭̠࣐ͬڛ‬͂́ȄͼϋΗȜΥΛΠ͈́ၑაͬ‫̱෇ږ‬Ȅ‫ڎ‬౷֖̤̫ͥͅඅ଻ͬͤ͢ྶ‫ږ‬̧̠̺̠́ͥ̈́ͥͧ͢ͅͅȃ৫ৃȇུࡄ‫͈֚ݪ‬໐͉Ȅ‫݌‬നਜဎܱැমު़౬͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬੩଼ͬ਋̫࣐̀ͩͦ
̱̹͘ȃ̭͈ાͬৰͤ̀٨͛̀ۜ৫૭̱ષ̬̳͘ȃ४ࣉ໲ࡃ

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14ࡄ‫ݪ‬ΦȜΠκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬श
ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜
հനȁࡋ࠻
͉̲͛ͅ
ু൲৬͈ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ̦๬ఱ‫̱ا‬Ȅ৬ၰ͈૧‫ܥ‬ෝ‫ٳ‬อࢥତ͈࿩ 8 ‫̦ڬ‬ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫۾‬Ⴒ̈́ͤͅȄ̷͈‫ٳ‬อ࢘ၚͬ࢜ષ̵̯̭̦ͥ͂ OEM ̤͍͢΍ίρͼμ͈ఱ̧̈́‫ه‬ఴ̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃ̭̠̱̹࿚ఴͅೄ࿂̳ͥಎȄOEM1ȫ͞ΏΑΞθ΍ίρͼμ̦̈́̓΋ϋΕȜΏͺθͬࠁ଼̱Ȅȶ๱‫އ‬௔ႀ֖͉‫ފ‬಺ȷ̞̠͂࿒ດͬࠇ̬Ȅ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫̞̀͛ૺͬا‬ͥȃඃനͦ͊͢ͅȄ؎ༀ͉́඾ུͅ୶ߐ̫̀Ȅ‫ܖ‬๕ΕέΠ͞ΥΛΠχȜ·͈ͼϋΗέͿȜΑ̞̹͂̽৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ̷͈͈͜ͅ‫͈ڒܰͥͩ۾‬ດ੔
2ȫ‫ૺ̦ا‬ജ̧̱̹̀͂ა̲̞̀ͥȃ̭̠̱̹൲࢜ͅ‫̢ح‬Ȅ؎ༀ͉́৬शΕέ3ȫ

Π;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อίυΓΑ͈ດ੔‫ا‬Ȅ̯͉ͣͅ‫ٳ‬อΜȜσ͈ΟȜΗƦέ΁Ȝ1)ȁ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ͂ດ੔ͅ‫݈ͥͩ۾‬ა͉ո‫ͬئ‬४ચȃ‫ࡨٗ׆ک‬ȶΈσȜίͥ͢ͅດ੔‫ا‬ȷ‫ࡨٗ׆ک‬༎ȸ࣭षΫΐΥΑ͂ܿ੅ດȹ໲៍൴Ȅ2007 ාȄ1-51 ༁ȃ
2ȫȁඃന઎ဎȄനఆఊ֚ȶ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ດ੔‫ ͂ا‬AUTOSAR ͈൲࢜ȷၛ
ྵ‫ڠאࠐ܁‬Ȅల 45 ‫ے‬ల 5 ࣢Ȅ2007 ාȃඃന઎ဎȶ৬शഩঊΏΑΞθ͈ດ੔‫؎͂ا‬ਗ͈΋ϋΕȜΏͺθȷ‫ࡨٗ׆ک‬༎ȸ࣭षΫΐΥΑ͂ܿ੅ດ੔ȹ໲៍൴Ȅ2007 ාȄ94-132 ༁ȃ
3ȫȁհനࡋ࠻Ȅඃന઎ဎȶ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อίυΓΑ͈ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜ - ؎
ਗ OEM ̦൵වͬૺ͛ͥ Automotive SPICE ͬಎ૤ͅȷͺΐͺࠐ‫ڠא‬ٛ༭࣬ါকਬȄ2007 ාȄ96-99 ༁ȃ
152ີȁআȁაȁ஽ζΛΠ͞ͼϋΗέͿȜΑ̞̹͂̽৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫ͥͩ۾ͅޏ‬ດ੔‫ͬا‬ଔ̱ૺ̞͛̀ͥȃུࣂ͉́Ȅ̯̰̈́͘͘ດ੔‫ا‬൲͈࢜ಎ̩́͂͜ͅ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫̳ͥ۾ͅޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜ͅઙത̜ͬ̀ࣉख़࣐̠ͬȃࣉख़̜̹ͤͅȄ̴͘ু൲৬̤̫ͥͅΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ਹါ଻̦௩ఱ̳̭ͥ͂́ୋ຦͈ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͂‫ٳ‬อ਀༹̦་‫̳ͥݞ࡞̞̭̞̱̀̾͂ͥ̀ͅا‬ȃ̷͈ષ́Ḙ̠̱̹̏་‫ฺ̀̽ͅا‬ଔૺ̯̞ͦ̀ͥ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲̞࢜̾̀ͅࣉख़̱Ȅ̷͈փ݅͂‫ه‬ఴ̞̾̀ͅა̴ͥȃ1.

৬श‫ܖ‬๕ΕέΠ̤͍͢೒૞ΕέΠ͈ດ੔‫؎͂ا‬ਗΕέΠαϋΘ͈ర൮

1990 ාయ੝൮Ȅ1 ࡢ͈ഩঊଷࢄ௡౾ȪElectronic Control UnitȄո‫ئ‬ECUȫͅ৘௡̯̞ͦ̀ͥΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ίυΈρθܰ࿅͉ఱ̧̞͈́͜
128k ΨͼΠ͕̜̹̦̓́̽Ȅ2006 ා࡛हȄఱ̧̞͈̺͂͜ΟΨͼΑΡρ
4ȫͼΨȄOS ͞ηΡσ;Ϳͺͬ‫ ̀͛܄‬1M ΨͼΠ͕̞̠̓̈́ͥ͂ͅȃPC ͅͼϋΑΠȜσ̳ͥΕέΠ;Ϳͺܰ࿅͂๤‫̳͂ͥڛ‬Ȅ๱ુͅ઀̯̩̲ۜͣͦ
̦ͥȄழࣺ͙ΕέΠ;Ϳͺͬ৘௡̳ͥζͼ΋ϋȪMCUȫ͈ικςယၾ͉ͅଷࡠ̦̜̹ͥ͛Ȅ઀̯̩ै̰ͣͥͬං̞̈́ȃ̹͘ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈΋ȜΡ࣐ତͬઁ̩̳̭͉̈́ͥ͂ࣞഽ̈́ܿ੅̦ຈါ͂̈́ͥȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣ߃ාȄু൲৬ͅ৘௡̯ͦͥ ECU ͈ତ̦‫ݢ‬௩̳ͥಎȄ̷͈ΕȜΑ΋ȜΡ࣐ତ͉௩ఱ
̱̞̀ͥȃ̹͘ ECU ‫͈ۼ‬Ⴒࠈଷࢄ̦‫ͥͦͣ͛ݥ‬ಎȄΏΑΞθ͉ໝॠ‫͈ا‬֚ഷͬ౑̞̽̀ͥȃু൲৬͈ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ̦๬ఱ‫̱ا‬Ȅ৬ၰ͈૧‫ܥ‬ෝ‫ٳ‬อࢥତ͈࿩ 8 ‫̦ڬ‬

4ȫȁႅ݅ࢬȶσΥ΍ΑΞ·Φυΐ͈ΈυȜΨσ‫ٳ‬อ୽ၞȽ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ম႕Ƚȷల 41 ٝఉ࣭ୠܑުࡄ‫ݪ‬ٛ஠࣭ఱٛȄ2007 ා 7 ࠮ 29 ඾Ȅ෻ື঩ၳ
ͤ͢ȃ
16

3

κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜ȪհനȫΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫۾‬Ⴒ̈́ͤͅȄ̷͈‫ٳ‬อ࢘ၚͬ࢜ષ̵̯̭̦ͥ͂ OEM ̤͍͢΍ίρͼμ͈ఱ̧̈́‫ه‬ఴ̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃ̭͈̠͢ͅ௩‫̜ͥ࢜ͅ߹ح‬ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ໅౜ͬࠚࡘ̳̭ͥ͂ͬ࿒
ঐ̱̀ު‫ٮ‬ດ੔̦नဥ̯ͦͥ߹̜࢜ͥͅȃ؎ਗ OEM ̦৽൵̳ͥ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ̦ॐ೰̱̹৬श OS ܰ‫ ͈ڒ‬OSEK/VDXȪOSEKȇOffene Systeme

und deren Schnittstellen fur die Elektronik im KraftfahrzeugȪOpen
Systems and Corresponding Interfaces for Automotive ElectronicsȫȄ
5ȫVDXȇVehicle Distributed eX ecutiveȫ͞ Bosch ̦೹੹̱Οέ͹·Πດ6ȫ੔̹͂̈́̽೒૞ΥΛΠχȜ·ܰ‫ ͈ڒ‬CANȪController Area Networkȫ̷͉͈̈́̓ങ߿̜́ͥȃ̭ͦͣດ੔͉ ECU ͅ৘௡̳ͥΕέΠ;Ϳͺ໐຦͈ΩΛΉȜΐȆΕέΠ;Ϳͺୋ຦ͬ೹‫̳ͥރ‬ΕέΠ;ͿͺαϋΘ͈ర൮ͬ௯̱̞̀ͥȃ̹͘ު‫ٮ‬ດ੔̱͂̀૫൫̳ͥಎȄ࣭षດ੔‫ا‬ȪISO ‫ا‬ȫ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ

1995 ාͅ OSEK/VDX ͬॐ೰̱̹ OSEK/VDX ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ͉ȄΠ7ȫυϋ‫ފ‬ٛ͂൳အȄॽအ੥͈͙ͬอ࣐̱̤̀ͤȄ৘௡͉‫ ڎ‬OS αϋΘȜͅ
8ȫտ͇̞̀ͥȃ̷͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅ1997 ාͅέͻϋρϋΡ ElektrobitȪ‫ ݰ‬3SOFTȫ
̦ OSEK/VDX ੔‫ ͈ݶ‬OS ͍̈́ͣͅ೒૞ȄΥΛΠχȜ·‫ۯ‬ၑΕέΠ;ͿͺȄඊ ETASȪୋୋ຦ tresos ͬ์ค̱̀ոࣛȄඊ VectorȪୋ຦ྴ osCANȫ

5ȫȁOSEK OS ͉́Ȅໝତ͈ΗΑ·ͬςͺσΗͼθ́ੜၑ̳ͥॽழ͙͞਀ਜ਼̈́
̓ͅ‫ॽ̳ͥ۾‬အȄOSEK COM ͉́ȄECU ඤ͈೒૞ȄΥΛΠχȜ·̱̹ͬٚ ECU ‫͈ۼ‬೒૞͈ॽழ͙͞਀ਜ਼Ȅ೒૞ͼϋΗέͿȜΑȄഢ௣༷৆̈́̓ͅ‫۾‬̳ͥॽအ̦ȄOSEK NM ͉́ȄΥΛΠχȜ·ͅ୪௽̱̹‫ڎ‬ˡ˟˱൲ैેఠ
͈κΣΗςϋΈ༷৆ȄΦȜΡ൲ैેఠ͈κΣΗςϋΈ͞൲ै‫༷͈෇ږ‬৆̈́̓ͅ‫ॽ̳ͥ۾‬အ̷̸̦ͦͦ೰̯̞݅ͦ̀ͥȃમळ̞͉̾̀ͅ‫ܱͬئ‬४ચ͈̭͂Ȫhttp://www.openosek.org/tikiwiki/tiki-index.phpȫ
6ȫȁCAN ͉͂ ECU ‫͈ۼ‬೒૞࣐̠ͬΨΑȪ‫ڎ‬ٝႹ̦ΟȜΗ̳̹ͬͤ৾ͤͥ͛͞
͈ഥ௣Ⴙȫܰ‫ڒ‬ȃ7ȫȁTRON ίυΐͿ·Π̞͉̾̀ͅ TRON ‫ފ‬͈ٛ HPȪhttp://www.tron.orgȫ
ͬ४ચ͈̭͂ȃ17

4ີȁআȁაȁ஽຦ྴ RTA-OSEKȫ
ȄΑ;ͿȜΟϋ Enea Embedded TechnologyȪୋ຦ྴ

ProOSEKȫȄༀ Mentor GraphicsȪୋ຦ྴ Nucleus OSEKȫȄ͈̈́̓αϋΘ̦̭͈ܰ‫ͅڒ‬੔‫̹̱ݶ‬ΩΛΉȜΐȆΕέΠ;Ϳͺୋ຦Ȫո‫ ئ‬PSW ୋ຦ȫͬ೹‫̞̱ͥ̀ރ‬ȃ଎ນ 1ȁΕέΠ;ͿͺȆͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͈་஗੄ਫ਼ȫσΥ΍ΑΞ·Φυΐࢩ༭঩ၳͤ͢ै଼

OSEK/VDX ͉̭ͦͣΕέΠ;ͿͺαϋΘ̽̀͢ͅࢩ̩ຽ‫̳ͥͅݞ‬ঢ̞̽̀ͥȃ̹͘Ȅ2000 ාͅ ISO17356ȪႹષ௢࣐৬Ƚழࣺࠁু൲৬ဥͺίςΉȜΏοϋ͈̹͈͛΂ȜίϋͼϋΗέͿȜΑల 1 ໐Ƚల 6 ໐ȫ̱࣭͂̀षດ੔‫̞̯ͥ̀ͦا‬ȃ̷͈ࢃȄ2005 ා͉ͅల 1 ໐̥ͣల 4 ໐Ȅ2006 ා
ͅల 5 ໐͂ల 6 ໐̷̸̦ͦͦ٨ഁ̯̤ͦ̀ͤȄ̷͈ܿ੅ॽအ͉ࢩ̩࢖‫ٳ‬̯ͦȄ၌ဥ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ࡛हȄ৬शΥΛΠχȜ·ܰ‫̱͂̽̀͂͜͜ڒ‬ຽ‫ ̞̱ͥ̀ݞ‬CAN ΨΑ̷͉͈၌ဥ̜̹ͤͅȄCAN ೒૞ଷࢄဥηΡσ;Ϳͺ̦ຈါ͂̈́ͥȃ̭

8ȫȁOSEK ͉ 1993 ාͅඊ BMWȄBoschȄDaimler-ChryslerȄOpelȄVW ̦̈́̓୭ၛ̱̹΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ̜́ͤȄVDX ͉ 1994 ාͅ໣ PSA ͂ Renaulț৽൵̱̹ίυΐͿ·Π̜́ͤȄၰ৪̦‫ވ‬൳̱̀ ECU ͈‫ུܖ‬ΕέΠ͈ॽအ੥ͬॐ೰̱̹ȃ18κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

5͈ঌા͉ Vector ̦͕͖ඊ୸̱̤̀ͤȄ੸ဥ৬͉́ Vector ̦์ค̳ͥ

CANopen ̞̠͂ୋ຦̷̦͈͘͘৘௡̯ͦȄ઺ဥ৬̞͉̾̀ͅ Vector̦ ‫ ڎ‬OEM ॽ အ ͅ ΃ Α Η ζ ͼ Β ̱ ೹ ‫ͥ ̞ ̀ ̱ ރ‬ȃVector ͉ CANoe ͞

CANalyzer ͈̈́̓ CAN ‫۾‬Ⴒ͈࿹̹ͦ‫ٳ‬อΜȜσͬତఉ̩೹‫̤̱ͤ̀ރ‬Ȅ
CAN ͈ຽ‫଼ުܑ͂͂͜ͅݞ‬ಿͬଛ̬Ȅ2007 ා࡛हȄଲ‫́ٮ‬ਲު֥ 700ྴ͈ܰ࿅̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃ

CAN ͈࣭षດ੔‫͉ا‬๤‫ڛ‬എ்̩Ȅ1994 ාͅ೒ઠȶ೩௸ CANȷ͂ࡤ͊ͦͥܰ‫ ̦ڒ‬ISO 11519ȪႹષ௢࣐৬Ƚ೩௸ΏςͺσΟȜΗ೒૞ȫ̱࣭͂̀षດ੔‫̯ͦا‬Ȅ̷͈ࢃ͜ 2003 ාͅ೒ઠȶࣞ௸ CANȷ͂ࡤ͊ͦͥܰ‫ڒ‬ȫ̦ ISO11898ȪႹષ௢࣐৬Ƚ΋ϋΠυȜρ΀ςͺΥΛΠχȜ·ȪCANȫ
̱࣭͂̀षດ੔̱͂̀ઇ෇̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃCAN ‫۾‬Ⴒ͈࣭षܰ‫͉̱̀͂ڒ‬Ȅ

2004 ාͅ ISO15765ȪႹષ௢࣐৬Ƚ΋ϋΠυȜσ΀ςͺΥΛΠχȜ·ȄȪCANȫ͈૷౯ȫ
ISO16845ȪႹષ௢࣐৬Ƚ΋ϋΠυȜρ΀ςͺΥΛΠχȜ9ȫ

·ȪCANȫȽഐࣣদࡑْࠗȫ̦̈́̓อ࣐̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃոષ͈̠͢ͅȄଷࢄ‫ܥ‬ෝ͈ࣞഽ‫ا‬Ȅໝॠ‫ฺ̠ͅا‬ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͞ΥΛΠχȜ·͈ດ੔‫ૺ͈ا‬ജ͉࿹̹ͦܿ੅ႁͬခ̳ͥΕέΠ;ͿͺαϋΘ͈ర൮ͬ௯̧̱̹̀ȃ଎ນ 1 ̞̠̭͈́͂ͧ‫ ͈ئ‬2 ͈̾τͼμȜඤ͈ଈࣣ৾ͤ
୽͜ͅয̹ΕέΠ;ͿͺαϋΘ͈‫އ‬௔̦߫ͤࢩ̬̞ͣͦ̀ͥȃ̯ͣͅ߃ාȄΟέ͹·Πດ੔Ȫde facto standardȫ̜́ͤΟΐνςດ੔10ȫ

Ȫde jure standardȫ ̞͂̈́̽̀ͥ͜ OSEK/VDX ͬαȜᾼ‫ܥ‬ෝ‫ͬاޑ‬଎̹̽ষଲయΕέΠ;ͿͺȆίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ AUTOSAR ͞ষଲయΨΑ

9ȫȁ̭͈ఈȄISO15031ȪႹષ௢࣐৬Ƚ༶੄໤‫۾‬Ⴒ૷౯͈̹͈͛৬ၰ͂‫ٸ‬໐‫ܕܥ‬͈͂‫͈ۼ‬೒૞ȫ̜̈́̓ͥ͜ȃ
ȶ;ͻϋΡ;Βȷܑ͈̠͢ͅު‫͈ۼ‬৘ष͈‫އ‬௔ͬ೒̱̀ੳ̻ॼ̹͈̽ͬ͜Ο10ȫ
έ͹·Πດ੔͂ࡤઠ̳͈ͥͅచ̱̀ȄCD ͈̠͢ͅୋ຦͈̈́̓ঌાൎවஜͅ
ܑު‫͈́ۼ‬დ̱ࣣ̞̽̀͢ͅଷ೰̯ͦͥດ੔ͬΟέ͹·Πດ੔̞̠͂ȃಅന঎჊ఈಠȸ࣭षດ੔͂୽ၞ೹ࠈȹಎ؇ࠐफ২Ȅ2001 ාȄ37 ༁ȃ
196ີȁআȁაȁ஽ܰ‫ ڒ‬FlexRay ͈̠̈́͢ດ੔̦ഴા̱̹̭͂́Ḙ̏ͦͣষଲయດ੔ͅచ؊
̱̹ PSW ໦࿤͈૧̹̈́ଈࣣ৾ͤ୽͈੔๵̦ই̞̽̀ͥ͘ȃ̭̠̱̹ু൲৬͈ഩঊ‫͂ا‬ΥΛΠχȜ·‫ૺ͈ا‬ജ͉Ḙ͈̏ͦ́͘ু൲৬
͈ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͅ་‫̞̱̹ͥ̀ͣͬ͜ا‬ȃ

2.

ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ఱܰ࿅‫̦ا‬௯̳ু൲৬͈ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ
·Ιλ͈་‫ا‬ਲြȄ΀ϋΐϋଷࢄΏΑΞθȄήτȜ΅ଷࢄΏΑΞθ̞̹͂̽‫ܥڎ‬ෝ໐຦͉ OEM ̦ဥփ̱̹ΏΑΞθȆͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͈‫́ئ‬Ȅࡢ༆́൲ै̱̀
̞̹ȃ̭̦͂ͧḘ̏ͦ́͘‫ܥڎ‬ෝ໐຦͉ࡢ༆ͅ‫ٳ‬อ̯ͦȄࣞ‫ܥ‬ෝ‫̦ا‬೏‫ݥ‬̧̯̹ͦ̀ࠫ‫ض‬ȄήτȜ΅ΏΑΞθȄ̜̞͉ͥ΀ϋΐϋΏΑΞθ̞̹͂̽‫ڎ‬΍ήΏΑΞθ͈τασ͉́ȄΧȜΡ;Ϳͺ͂ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈Ⴒࠈ̦ࣉၪ
̯̞̦ͦ̀ͥḘ̏ͦͣ΍ήΏΑΞθͬൡࣣ̱̠̳͂ͥ͂͢Ȅ΍ήΏΑΞθ
̮͈͂ΟΨͼΑΡρͼΨ͞ OS ͈̈́̓ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ॽအ͞೒૞͈ॽအ̦
։̤̈́̽̀ͤȄൡࣣ̦ယօ͉̞̞̠́̈́͂࿚ఴ̦୆̲̞̀ͥȃ̭̠̱̹࿚ఴ͉ȄਲြȄু൲৬͈ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ̢̞͂͊ȄΧȜΡ;Ϳͺͅਹത̦౾̞̤̀ͤȄΧȜΡ;Ϳͺͬଷࢄ̳ͥΕέΠ;ͿͺȄ̷ࣣ̳ͦͣͬࠫͥΥΛΠχȜ·̈́̓ͬ৬஠ఘ͈ণത̥ͣͬ਱໦ͅ࠿൦̯ͦ̀
̭̥̹̭̈́̽͂ͬাऐ̳ͥȃ๊֚ͅȄழࣺ͙ΏΑΞθୋ຦͈‫ٳ‬อ̤̞͉̀ͅȄΏΑΞθ஠ఘ͈‫ܥ‬ෝȄΏΑΞθ̱͈͂̀ͼϋΞΈςΞͻȄ୭ࠗ࢘ၚ଻̹ͬࣞ͛ͥ͛ͅȄΧȜΡ;Ϳ
ͺ͂ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈஼༷͈۷ത̥ͣΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͬ࠿൦̳ͥȃ̭̭̞̠́ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͉͂ΏΑΞθͬࢹ଼̳ͥ‫ܥ‬ෝ̤͍͢໐຦‫ͬ߸۾͈ۼ‬া̱̹͈̜́ͤ͜ȄΏΑΞθͬࢹ଼̳ͥ‫ڎ‬ါள̦͈̠̓͢
ͅ௖ࡽͅैဥ̱ࣣ̠̥Ȅ̹֚͘ఘ͈̠͂̈́̽̀̓͢ͅ‫ݷ‬൲̳͈̥ͥ̈́̓ͅ
̞̾̀‫ٽ‬ැഎͅນ࡛̱̹͈̜́ͥ͜ȃ20

κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

7߃ාȄু൲৬ު‫̹̱̠̭͉́ٮ‬ͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͈ࡉೄ̱̦࣐̞ͩͦ̀ͥȃΠπΗু൲৬͉ 2001 ා̥ͣȶഩঊίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθȷ̞̠͂‫ٽ‬ැͬ೹੹11ȫȶ৬ఘίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθȷͅႁതͬ౾̞̹κ̱̞̀ͥȃΠπΉ͉ਲြȄΦ̩࣐̞̹̦̿ͤͬ̽̀ȄΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͞ΥΛΠχȜ·͈̈́̓ഩঊࠏ໐຦
̞͉̾̀ͅ਱໦̈́ࣉၪ̴̦̯̤̈́ͦ̀ͣȄຈါͅ؊̷̲͈̀സഽచ؊̱̀
̞̹ȃ̱̥̱Ḙ̠̱̹̏చ؊̴༹༷͉̞́ͦ෫౦̱̱̠̞̠̀͂͘‫ۜܥܓ‬̥ͣȄ৬஠ఘ́৘࡛̳ͥ‫ܥ‬ෝͬ୶ͅࣉ̢Ȅ̷͈‫ܥ‬ෝͬΧȜΡ;Ϳͺ͂ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈஼༷͈۷ത̥͈̠ͣ̓͢ͅ৘࡛̳͈̥ͥͬ࠿൦̱Ȅ໐຦ͅ၂͂
̱ࣺ̞̩ͭ́ȶഩঊίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθȷ̞̠͂‫ٽ‬ැͬ೹੹̳̠ͥ̈́̽͢ͅ
̹ȃഩঊίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ͉Ȅ৬ఘίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ͈ਅ႒͂Ȅഩঊ௡๵͈ତ̞̠͂ 2 ͈̾৊̥ͣ̈́ͥζΠς·Ά̜ͤȄΧȜΡ;Ϳͺ͂ΕέΠ;Ϳͺͬ໦ၗ̳ͥࢹ௮͂ȄͺίςΉȜΏοϋͬา̧ओ̧̱̠́ͥ̈́͢‫ڐ‬ಫ଻͈̞ࣞࢹ௮ͬ৘࡛̳̭ͥ͂ͬ஬̞̽̀ͥȃΠπΗু൲৬͉ȄOEM ̱͂̀ഩঊίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ͈ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͬ࠿൦̳ͥ࿨‫ͬڬ‬౜12ȫ̠ȃু൲৬͈̠̈́͢ழࣺ͙ΏΑΞθୋ຦͈ΏΑΞθȆͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͬ୭̳̹͉ࠗͥ͛ͅȄ̴͘აၑͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͂໤ၑͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͬ࠿൦̱Ȅ̷͈ષ́ȄΧȜΡ;Ϳͺ͍̈́ͣͅΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͬ࠿൦̳ͥຈါ̦̜ͥȃაၑͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͉ΏΑΞθͬࢹ଼̳ͥ‫ܥ‬ෝ‫߸۾͈ۼ‬ȄΏΑΞθ͈აၑഎ̈́૦ͥໍ̞ܱͬ੆̱̹͈̜́ͤ͜ȄΏΑΞθ̦೹‫̳ͥރ‬‫ܥ‬ෝͬ৘࡛̳̹ͥ͛ͅຈါ͂̈́ͥ‫ܥ‬ෝ͞ૂ༭͈ၠͦͬྶা̱̹͈̜́͜

11ȫႅგ຃ȶഩঊίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ̩̱̈́̀·σζ͈‫ٳ‬อ͉ၛ̴̻࣐̥ȷ΃ȜƦ
΀τ·ΠυΣ·Ὰ͈̳͓Ȅ2005 ාȄ209-212 ༁ȃȫু൲৬̤̫ͥͅഩঊ‫͂ا‬ΥΛΠχȜ·‫ૺ͈ا‬ജฺ̞ͅȄ߃ාȄ֚໐͈ιȜ12΃Ȝ͈ࣞ‫ݭ‬৬ਅ͈֚໐͈ႀ֖̤̞̀ͅ‫ܥڎ‬ෝ໐຦ͬଷࢄ̱̞̀ͥ ECU ̦ࣣ̯ࠫͦȄΥΛΠχȜ·̱ͬٚ̀‫ ڎ‬ECU ̦̾͜ૂ༭̧̠ͬͤ͂ͤ́ͥ͢͞
̞̈́̽̀ͥͅȃ̭ͦͤ͢ͅȄ‫ܥڎ‬ෝ໐຦̷͉̤̤͢ඊၛ̱̀൲ै̱̾̾͜ȄႲࠈ̱̯̰̀̈́͘͘ൡࣣഎ̈́‫ܥ‬ෝͬ೹‫̞̠̳ͥ̀̽̈́ͥ͢ͅރ‬ȃ
21

8ີȁআȁაȁ஽ͥȃაၑͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͉·ρΑ଎͞ΏȜΉϋΑ଎Ȅેఠ஗֊଎̈́̓́ນ
13ȫ࡛̯ͦȄඅ೰͈‫ܕܥ‬Ȅܿ੅ͬැ൮ͅ౾̥̞̈́ȃ໤ၑͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͉ΏΑΞθ̦৘࡛̳ͥ૦ͥໍ̞͈໦౜Ȅ෻౾ܱͬ੆̱̹͈̜́ͤ͜ȄაၑͺȜ΅
Ξ·Ιλͬ‫̱̀ͅܖ‬Ȅ‫ܥ‬ෝͬ৘࡛̳ͥ΍ή‫ܥ‬ෝ͂ૂ༭͈ழ̵͙ࣣ̭ͩͬ̓
ͅ෻౾̳̥ͥͬྶা̱̹͈̜́ͥ͜ȃߓఘഎ͉͈̓ͅ ECU ͈̠́̓̈́͢
‫ܥ‬ෝͬ৘࡛̱Ȅ͈̠̓̈́͢ૂ༭̳͈̥ͬͤ৾ͤͥ͞Ȅ̞̹̈́̓͂̽ ECU͈ࢹ଼ͬࠨ೰̳̭ͥ͂ͬփྙ̳ͥȃ̤̈́Ḙ̭̞̠̏́ȶ̭̓ȷ͉͂ಒયഎ
̈́պ౾́අ೰͈ાਫ਼͉̞́̈́ȃΠπΗু൲৬͉́ષܱ͈̠̈́͢ࣉ̢༷́ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͬࠨ೰̱̹ࢃȄΕέΠ;ͿͺȆίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ͈ࢹಃȄ৬श LAN ̤̫ͥͅ೒૞‫ܥ‬ෝ͈ࢹಃȄͺίςΉȜΏοϋȆΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อȄ̞̠͂ਜ਼੬́
14ȫίυΈρθ͈‫ٳ‬อैުͬૺ̞̩̞̠͛̀͂ȃ̤̈́Ḙ̏ͦͣ΋ϋάνȜΗƦ
15ȫίυΈρθ͈‫ٳ‬อ͉‫ུܖ‬എͅ΍ίρͼμͅտు̯ͦͥȃ̭͈̠̈́͢ΏΑΞθƦͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͈་ࢵ͉Ȅ‫ٳ‬อ਀༹͜ͅ་‫ͬ͜ا‬̹̱̞ͣ̀ͥȃ̶̈́̈́ͣȄ‫ܥڎ‬ෝ໐຦̦ࣞഽͅໝॠ‫̭̳̀̽͂ͥ͢ͅا‬Ȅ

13ȫΏȜΉϋΑ଎͉͂ȄΏΑΞθඤ́‫ݷ‬൲̳ͥ΂ήΐͿ·ΠΈσȜί‫͈ۼ‬௖ࡽैဥͬণ‫ژ‬എͅນ࡛̱̹͈̞̠ͬ͜ȃેఠ஗֊଎͉͂Ȅ̜ͥેఠ̦̜ͥͼαϋΠͬΠς΄̱͂̀༆ેఠͅ஗֊̳ͥအঊͬ଎া̱̹͈̞̠ͬ͜ȃ̴̞ͦ͜΂ήΐͿ·Πঐ͈࢜ίυΈρηϋΈ͈षͅ၌ဥ̯ͦͥȃ
14ȫΕέΠ;ͿͺȆίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ͉͂ȄOS ͞ηΡσ;Ϳͺͅ௖൚̳ͥ໐໦́ȄͺίςΉȜΏοϋ͈ႲࠈͬংͤȄΥΛΠχȜ·ષ̜͈ͥ̓ͅ ECU ͜ͅুဇͅͺίςΉȜΏοϋͬ৘௡‫خ‬ෝ̳͂ͥȶ໦८௄ȷȄCAN ͞ LIN ͈̈́̓৬ਅΥΛΠχȜ·͈ଷࢄ࣐̠ͬȶ೒૞௄ȷȄECU ͈൲ैଷࢄ̤͍͢ I/O ΡρͼΨͬ‫͚܄‬ȶECU ΏΑΞθȷȄCPU ͈֑̞ͬ‫ݟ‬ਓ̳ͥȶCPU ௄ȷ̥̈́̓ͣࢹ଼̯ͦͥȃ
15ȫΕέΠ;ͿͺƦίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ̞͉̾̀ͅȄJasPar ̦ॐ೰̱̹ॽအ੥ͅ‫ܖ‬̞̿̀ OEM ̦ల२৪ͅΕέΠ;ͿͺƦίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ͈‫ٳ‬อͬտు̱ȄͺίςΉȜΏοϋƦΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͜΍ίρͼμͅॽအͬ੄̱̀‫ٳ‬อͬտు̳
ͥȃ̷̱̭͉̀ͦͣ ECU ͬ‫ٳ‬อȆୋ௮̳ͥ໐຦΍ίρͼμ̦ࣣ̱ࠫȄ̷ͦͬ OEM ̦ࣔව̳̞̠ͥ͂ȃႅგ຃Ȅஜࠇ੥Ȅ211 ༁ȃ22κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

9ਲြ͈‫ٳ‬อ༹༷͉́Ȅ‫ٳ‬อ͈࢘ၚ‫͍ͣ̈́ͅا‬຦ৗ༗બͬ਱໦ͅ‫ږ‬༗̧̳̭̦̩̞̹̜ͥ͂́̈́̈́̽̀ͥ͛́ͥȃ৘षͅȄͺίςΉȜΏοϋȆΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อࢥତ͉ঐତ‫۾‬ତഎͅ௩ఱฺ̳̞ͥͅȄΕέΠ;Ϳͺ֦̳ܳͥͅະߓࣣ̦௩ఱ̱̞̀ͥȃ̭̠̱̹࡛ે͈఑‫ٳ‬ॐ̱͂̀ 90 ාయࢃ฼ͤ͢ȄOEM ͞ΏΑΞθ΍ίρͼμ̽̀͢ͅκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อȪModel Based
Developmentȇո‫ ئ‬MBDȫ̦দ࣐̯ͦȄ߃ාȄ̷͈൵ව̦ୟޭഎ࣐ͩͅ
̞ͦ̀ͥȃ

3. ু൲৬‫ٳ‬อ̤̫ͥͅκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ਀༹͈ຈါ଻
ਲြȄ඾ུ͈́৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ͉́Ȅါ‫ॽݥ‬အ̦‫ږ‬೰̱̞̈́͘͘
‫ٳ‬อίυΐͿ·Π̦΅Λ·΂έ̯̞̹̭̦ͦͥ͂̽͂ೇ̱̩̩̈́Ȅഷಎ́ອ้ͅॽအ་ࢵ̦࣐̭ͩͦͥ͂͜ࢭુ‫̞̱ͥ̀ا‬ȃ̹͘Ȅু൲৬͈ါ‫ॽݥ‬အ੥͉਀੥̧͈ρέ̈́ΟΎͼϋ͞໲ડ̜̭̦́ͥ͂ఉ̩Ȅै଼৪͈փ଎ͬ
ୃ̱̩ၑٜ̳̹ͥ͛ͅȄ୭ࠗ৪̷͉͈΋ϋΞ·ΑΠͬၑٜ̳ͥຈါ̦̜ͥȃ̭͉ͦ́͘ै଼৪͂୭ࠗ৪͈޽ྟ̈́‫̷̦ͬͦ߸۾‬༞̱̞̹̦ۖ̀ȄΕέΠ;Ϳͺܰ࿅̦‫ڐ‬ఱ̳ͥಎȄඋ͙਀ٜ̽̀͢ͅ৷̦་̱̠̠ͩ̽̀̈́͘͢‫خ‬උ଻ͅඳ̦̜ͥॽအ੥͉୭ࠗ͞ࢃ͈࠿બ͈ા࿂́΀ρȜͬညอ̱Ȅ਀࿗ͤैުͬ௩ఱ̵̯ͥࡔ֦̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃୋ຦͈ఉ‫ܥ‬ਅജ‫͉ٳ‬Ḙ̠̞̹̏̽࿚
ఴͅฏ৬̥̫̞ͬ̀ͥȃ͈֚̾ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ໐຦̯̰ͬ̈́͘͘‫ܥ‬ਅͅജ‫ٳ‬Ȅ‫ވ‬ဥ̳ͥ‫ܥ‬̦ٛ௩̢̹̭͂́Ȅ̜ͥΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ܥ‬ෝ͞ࢹ௮Ȅঀ̞༷͞࿒എͬ‫ٳ‬อ̱̹ܿ੅৪ո‫͈ٸ‬ల२৪̦ၑٜ̳ͥຈါ଻̦௩ఱ̱̞̀ͥȃ̹͘ȄΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ܰ࿅̦ତ୷࣐̺̹̽শయ͉ͅȄίυΈρθ̷̢̯̜͈ͦ͊‫ܥ‬ෝ͞ࢹ௮ͬల२৪̦๤‫ڛ‬എယօͅၑ̧ٜ̹̦́Ȅତ਱ྔ࣐Ȅତຐྔ࣐͈ఱܰ࿅ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ̈́ͥ͂ͅȄΕȜΑ΋ȜΡͬಈ֚උͭ́ॽအ͈
‫ܥ‬ෝ͞ࢹ௮ͬ႒ଔ̱ΙͿΛ·̳̭͉̥ͥ͂̈́ͤࣾඳ̜́ͤȄশ‫̥̥̦ͥۼ‬16ȫैު̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃ࡛हȄࣞ‫ݭ‬৬͉́ζͼ΋ϋ͈ତ͉ 100 ࡢոષȄΕȜ
23

10ີȁআȁაȁ஽17ȫΑ΋ȜΡତ͉ 3500 ྔ࣐ոષ͂࡞̤ͩͦ̀ͤȄΞΑΠࢥ೾͉ͅཛྷఱ̈́শ‫ۼ‬ͬຈါ̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃ̭͈ఈȄਲြ̥ͣু൲৬͈‫ٳ‬อ͉́ତఉ̩͈৘৬ίυΠΗͼίͬै଼̱Ȅ̷ͦͬဥ̞̹দ࣐ΞΑΠͬତ਱ٝ߫ͤ༐̳̭͂ͬ೒̲̀મळͅ৘ष͈൲എ
૦ͥໍ̞ͬΙͿΛ·̱Ȅ຦ৗ੃଼̞̦ͬࣞ͛̀ͥȄ߃ාȄু൲৬ͅఉତ͈
ζͼ΋ϋ̦൏श̯̭ͦͥ͂́Ȅ̷͈ΞΑΠࣜ࿒͉๲࿬എͅ௩ఱ̱̞̀ͥȃ̹̺̱৘‫ܥ‬ΞΑΠ͈ٝତͬ௩ఱ̵̯̭͉ͥ͂Ȅ๯ဥ͈۷ത̥ͣࡠ‫̜̦ͥٮ‬ȃ̹͘ȄΞΑΠ͈࿌္଻͈۷ത̥ͣ͜࿚ఴ̦̜ͥȃոષ͈̠̈́͢ਲြ͈‫ٳ‬อ਀༹̤̫ͥͅ‫ه‬ఴͬ࣪໚̱Ȅ‫ٳ‬อ࢘ၚ͈࢜ષȄ΋ΑΠ೩ࡘȄ຦ৗ͞૞ှ଻͈࢜ષͬ৘࡛̳ͥȄ̯͉ͣͅ‫ٳ‬อచય̜́ͥழ
ࣺ͙ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ఱܰ࿅‫ٳฺ̠ͅا‬อ࡛ા͈‫ٳ‬อςΕȜΑ͈ະ௷ͬઁ̱
́͜ଵୃ̳̹ͥ͛ͅȄ‫ ڎ‬OEM ͉ਲြ͈‫ٳ‬อίυΓΑȄ‫ٳ‬อ਀༹Ȅ‫ٳ‬อ࡞ࢊȄ‫ٳ‬อΜȜσ̜͈͈̈́̓ͣͥ͜͠ࡉೄ̱ͬ൳শ໼࣐࣐̞́̽̀ͥȃ̷͈৾ͤழ͙͈̱֚̾͂̀Ȅ߃ාȄু൲৬ު‫ ̞̤̀ͅٮ‬OEMȪ̤͍֚͢໐ഩ௡΍ίρͼμȫ̦৽൵̳ͥࠁ́Ȅ
MBD ̦৘க̯ͦȄ૫൫̱̜̾̾ͥȃ

MBD ͅ‫̤࣐̥̩ͤ̀ͦͩͣࡣ̥͉ͤ̈́ݪࡄͥͩ۾‬Ȅ‫ུܖ‬എ༹༷̈́ა͉
18ȫ‫ ͅܡ‬1980 ාయ଼͉̱̞̹ۖ̀͂ͅ࡞̞ͩͦ̀ͥȃMBD ͉͂ȶ‫ٳ‬อࢥ೾͈ષၠ̥ͣ‫ئ‬ၠ͈ίυΓΆ֚͘۹̱̀κΟσͬဥ̞̀‫ٳ‬อ࣐̠̭ͬ͂ȷ
̞̠ͬȃॽအ࠿൦͈౲‫̥ͣٴ‬κΟσͬࢹಃ̱ȄΏηντȜΏοϋͬఉ౲‫ٴ‬́၌ဥ̳̭ͥ͂́ॽအ੥͈ୈഽͬࣞ͛Ȅ‫ٳ‬อ࢘ၚ͂૞ှ଻͈࢜ષͬ࿒ঐ̳ȃਲြ͈ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ͉́ΕȜΑ΋ȜΡ͈̠̈́͢໲ડͬαȜᾼ̳ͥȶȶ੥̩ȷ̥ͣȶຝ̩ȷ͒୭ࠗ଎ಎ૤͈‫ٳ‬อఘଷ͉ຈடȷ඾ࠐ΀τ·ΠυΣ·ΑȄ
16ȫ
2006 ා 9 ࠮ 11 ඾࣢Ȅ99-100 ༁ȃ
17ȫ๑࿤ࢼൽȶু൲৬ଷࢄΏΑΞθ‫ٳ‬อ͈͒κΟσαȜΑΟΎͼϋ͈ഐဥࣉख़
͂ξȜΎȜ΋ηνΣΞͻȷEDN JPANȄNo.75Ȅ2007 ාȄ118-122 ༁ȃ2006
ාͅΠπΗ̦อค̱̹ 4 య࿒τ·΍Ά͉ζͼ΋ϋ̦ 100 ࡢ಼ȄΕȜΑ΋ȜΡ͉ 700 ྔ಼࣐̺̞̠͂ȃ18ȫ඾ࠐ΀τ·ΠυΣ·Α 2006 ා 9 ࠮ 11 ඾࣢Ȅ99 ༁ȃ24κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

11͈ͅచ̱̀ȄMBD ͉́ήυΛ·஌଎ْ͈̈́̓௨ૂ༭͞ 3D ͺΣιȜΏοϋ͈̈́̓൲ْૂ༭̞̹̈́̓͂̽ೄۜഎͅ෇ে̱̳̞͞κΟσͬαȜΑ̳͂ͥȃ໲লૂ༭ْ͉̩́̈́௨͞൲ْૂ༭ͬ‫׳‬ဥ̳̭ͥ͂́ଷࢄॽအ̦‫خ‬ণ‫ا‬̧̠̹́ͥ̈́ͥ͛͢ͅȄ஠ఘ͈ࢹ௮ͬळ໐́͘෤՜̳̭̦ͥ͂ယօ̈́ͤͅȄ‫ٳ‬อͅ‫੅ܿͥͩ۾‬৪͈ၑٜഽ͉‫ڒ‬౲࢜ͅષ̳ͥȃ̭̭̞̠́κΟσ͉࡛͂৘ଲ‫̜ͥͅٮ‬໤ఘ͞໤ၑ࡛ય͈අಭഎ̈́࿂ͬତ
৆̈́̓́࿅৆‫͈̹̱ͬ͜ا‬ঐ̳ȃତ৆͉໤ఘ͞໤ၑ࡛યͬນ̳̹͛Ȅ2 ষ
ࡓ͞ 3 ষࡓ́ণ‫خ̦̭̳͂ͥاژ‬ෝ̜́ͥȃଷࢄࠏ͈ MBD ́ե̠κΟ19ȫ

σ͉ͅ 2 ਅ႒̜ͥȃ͉֚̾΀ϋΐϋ͞ήτȜ΅Ȅ་௸‫͈̓̈́ܥ‬ଷࢄచય͂̈́ͥͺ·Ιν΀ȜΗ͞Γϋ΍͈‫ܥ‬٫ΏΑΞθ͈κΟσȄ̷̠͉֚̾ͦ͜
ͣͬଷࢄ̳ͥ৽ఘ̜́ͥ ECU ͈κΟσ̜́ͥȃκΟσͬဥ̞̭ͥ͂́ॽအ੥͈ୈഽ̦࢜ષ̳̹ͥ͛Ȅ΋ȜΡ͈ু൲୆଼Ȅ࠿બ͈ু൲‫ͬ̓̈́ا‬঎̧̳̭̦࢜ͥ͂́ȄΞΑΠΏ΢ς΂ȪΩΗȜϋȫ͈ठ၌ဥ͜‫خ‬ෝ͂̈́ͥȃ̹͘Ȅ֊૒଻̞ࣞ͜ȃ̯ͣͅȄᔛཾ̈́ૂ༭ͥ͢ͅηΑƦ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋͬဲଷ̱ȄΪνȜζϋ΀ρȜ͈ࡘઁȄ਀࿗ͤैު
͈ဲଷȄ࠿બैު͈ౣੀ‫ܢ̦̓̈́ا‬ఞ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ̷͈̹͛ࣽࢃ MBD ̦ু൲৬‫ٳ‬อ̤̫ͥͅ৽ၠ̭̦̈́ͥ͂ͅထே̯ͦͥȃ

19ȫκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ͉ȄႲ௽ࠏκΟσ̥ၗ८ࠏκΟσ̥́ඵ̾ͅఱ༆̧́ͥȃႲ௽ࠏ͈κΟσαȜΑٛ෩͉ȄMATLAB/Simulink ̈́̓ͬ‫̤̱ͤ̀ͅܖ‬Ȅ৽ͅι΃ΠυΣ·Αଷࢄ͞૞࣢ੜၑ̈́̓́ঀͩͦͥȃଷࢄࢥ‫͞ڠ‬૞࣢ੜၑၑა̦̈́̓෸ࠊ̜ͥͅȃ༷֚Ȅၗ८ࠏ MBD ͉ȶUMLȷ̈́̓ͬ‫̤̱̀ͅܖ‬ͤȄ৽ͅ΀ϋΗȜίρͼΒࠏ͞ࠈఝഩდ‫ૂ̓̈́ܥ‬༭ࠏ͈ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อͅঀͩͦͥȃ΂ήΐͿ·Πঐ࢜ / ࢹ௮‫ا‬໦ଢ଼̦̈́̓෸ࠊ̜ͥͅȃ൳̲ MBD̢̞͂̓͜Ȅၰ৪̦փྙ̳ͥȶκΟσȷ͉̥̫ၗ̞ͦ̀ͥȃ25

12ີȁআȁაȁ஽

4. κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ͈‫ࢥڎ‬೾͂ΜȜσΙͿȜϋ
଎ນ 2 ̜̤ͥ͂ͤͅȄMBD ͉Ȅӱါ‫ݥ‬໦ଢ଼ࢥ೾ȄӲଷࢄॽအ୭ࠗࢥ೾Ȅӳ৘௡ࢥ೾ȄӴ‫ܥ‬ෝ࠿બࢥ೾ȄӵഐࣣȪ΅λςήτȜΏοϋȫࢥ೾͈ 5 ̾
20ȫ̥ͣࢹ଼̯ͦͥȃ̩͂ͅӱ̥ͣӳ͉́͘ΑΩͼρσƦͺΛί̱̦̈́ͣૺ࣐
̱̞̩̀ȃո‫́ئ‬ȄMBD ͈‫ࢥڎ‬೾͈ैުඤယ̞̾̀ͅ‫ٽ‬୰̳ͥȃ
଎ນ 2ȁκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̤̫ͥͅ ECU ‫ٳ‬อίυΓΑါ‫ॽݥ‬အ໦ଢ଼
ȪΏΑΞθ໦ଢ଼ȫഐࣣȪ৬ၰ‫෇ږ‬ȫါ‫ॽݥ‬အ࠿બ

ଷࢄॽအ୭ࠗ
Ȫ‫ࢹܥ‬୭ࠗȫଷࢄॽအ࠿બ

‫ܥ‬ෝ࠿બ
ȪECU ࠿બȫΑΩͼρσȆͺΛί̱̦̈́ͣૺ࣐
ଷࢄॽအ୭ࠗ
ȪΕέΠ;Ϳͺ୭ࠗȫ‫ܥ‬ෝ࠿બ
ȪECU ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ࠿બȫ৘௡ࢥ೾Ȫু൲΋ȜΡ୆଼ȫ੄ਫ਼ȫ‫ڎ‬ਅ঩ၳͤ͢հനै଼

ါ‫ݥ‬໦ଢ଼ࢥ೾͉͂ȄOEM ͈փ଎͍̈́ͣͅါ‫̧̿ܖͅݥ‬Ȅ‫ٳ‬อచય͂̈́
ͥ৬शഩঊଷࢄΏΑΞθ஠ఘͬၑٜ̱̀࿒ດͬ୭೰̳ͥࢥ೾̜́ͥȃΏΑ

20ȫ̭͈ 5 ͈̾໦႒͉ո‫ͬئ‬४ચ̱̹ȃૺ࿦݅෗ȶΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ͈บอͬ
ٝ๰̳ͥκΟσαȜΑଷࢄ‫ٳ‬อȷ΃ȜƦ΀τ·ΠυΣ·Ὰ͈̳͓Ȅ2005 ාȄ
228-235 ༁ȃ26κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

13Ξθ஠ఘ͈࿒ດ͈୭೰Ȅ‫ٳ‬อచય̜́ͥ ECU ͂Γϋ΍Ȅͺ·Ιν΀ȜΗ͈ၑٜȄ࠿બΏ΢ς΂͈୭೰̦࣐̈́̓ͩͦͥȃ̭͈ࢥ೾଼͈́‫ض‬໤͉ါ‫ݥ‬໦ଢ଼੥͂̈́ͥȃଷࢄॽအ୭ࠗࢥ೾͉͂Ȅါ‫ݥ‬໦ଢ଼ͅ‫̧̿ܖ‬Ȅ̷ͦͣ‫ܥ‬ෝါ‫ॽ̺ͭ܄ͬݥ‬အ੥ͬै଼̳ͥࢥ೾̜́ͥȃ̹̺̱Ḙ͈̏ॽအ੥͉ਲြ͈̠̈́͢ᔛཾܱ̈́
੆ͥ͢ͅ໲ડ͉̩́̈́Ȅ৘࣐‫خ‬ෝ̈́κΟσͬփྙ̳ͥȃκΟσ͉৽̱͂̀
ήυΛ·஌଎́ນ࡛̯ͦȄণ‫ژ‬എͅ෤՜̳̭̦ͥ͂‫خ‬ෝ͂̈́ͥȃ̭͈κΟσ͈ΏηντȜΏοϋͬ߫ͤ༐̱࠿બ̱Ȅ̱͜ະߓࣣ̦̜ͥાࣣ͉ͅȄ٨ၻͬ‫̢ح‬Ȅ৘࣐‫خ‬ෝ̈́ॽအ੥̱͂̀ୈᣰ‫̩̞̱̀ا‬ȃκΟσै଼͈ΜȜσ̱͂̀Ȅༀ The MathWorks ͈ MATLAB/Simulink ̞̠͂ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͍̈́ͣͅΟȜΗȆέ΁ȜζΛΠ͉Οέ͹·Πດ੔̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃ৘௡ࢥ೾͉͂Ȅ‫ږ‬೰̱̹ါ‫ॽݥ‬အͅ‫଼̱ै̞̀̿ܖ‬Ȅ߫ͤ༐̱࠿બ̯ͦ
̹κΟσ̥ͣΕȜΑ΋ȜΡͬ୆଼̳ͥࢥ೾̜́ͥȃਲြ͉ΧϋΡ΋ȜΡ̦৽ၠ̜̹̦́̽Ȅ߃ාȄু൲΋ȜΡ୆଼ΜȜσȪAuto Code Generatorȇո‫ ئ‬ACGȫ͈଻ෝ̦‫࢜ͅ௸ݢ‬ષ̱̤̀ͤȄΧϋΡ΋ȜΡ͂ఇ૗̞̈́΋ȜΡͬু൲୆଼̳ͥୋ຦࡛̞ͦ̀ͥ͜ȃ̳́ͅু൲୆଼̱̹΋ȜΡͬ৘௡̱̹ ECU ͬ൏श̱̹ু൲৬̦඾ༀ؎͈ OEM ̥ͣ์ค̯̤ͦ̀ͤȄু൲΋ȜΡ୆଼ΜȜσ͉৘ဥ౲‫̞̱ͥ̀ోͅٴ‬ȃACG ͈యນഎ̈́ΜȜσͅ The

MathWorks ͈ Real-Time Workshop ͞ dSPACE ͈ TagetLink ̦̜̈́̓ͥȃ‫ܥ‬ෝ࠿બࢥ೾͉͂Ȅ৘৬ͬঀဥ̵̴ͅΏηντȜΗͬဥ̞̹‫ب‬ே۪‫͈ޏ‬‫́ئ‬ΞΑΠ࣐̞ͬȄ൲ै‫ࢥ̳ͥͬ෇ږ‬೾̜́ͥȃ̭̭̞̠́ΏηντȜΗ͉͂৘ष͈۪‫́ޏ‬৘ࡑ̳̭̦ͥ͂ࣾඳ̈́ે‫̜ͥͅޙ‬ાࣣȄPC ષ̈́̓ͅ‫ب‬ேഎ̈́κΟσͬै଼̱̀Ȅ࿅݀എͅ ECU ͍̈́ͣͅΕέΠ;ͿͺͬΞΑΠ̳ͥΏΑΞθ‫̠̞̭͈ͬ͂ܕܥ‬ȃ࿌္଻͈̜ͥΞΑΠͬౣশ‫̭̠࣐͂́ۼ‬ͬ‫خ‬ෝ̱ͅȄ‫ͅب‬ΧȜΡ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ̦ಁͦ̀͜ȄΏηντȜΗͬဥ̞̭ͥ͂́ ECU ͞ΕέΠ;Ϳͺౙఘ͈́ΞΑΠͬૺ̧̭̦̹͛ͥ͂́ͥ͛ȄౙఘΞΑΠ͈ࢃͅ௽̩ΞΑΠͬ‫̧̦̭ͥ́͂ͥ͛ૺͅڲ׫‬ȃ27

14ີȁআȁაȁ஽ΞΑΠ͉ͅୃુ൲ैͬ‫͈͈̳ͥ͜෇ږ‬ఈȄ౯஌͞ΏοȜΠȄ΋Υ·Ηະၻ͈̈́̓։ુ൲ैͬ‫̜͈̳ͥͥ͜͜෇ږ‬ȃఘࠏഎ̥́̾ठ࡛଻͈̜ͥΞΑΠͬΏηντȜΗͬဥ̞࣐̠̹̀͛Ȅ৘৬ΞΑΠ͈ٝତͬॉࡘ̳̭̦ͥ͂
̧́ͥȃ̷̢ͦ͠শ‫͂ۼ‬΋ΑΠͬ୯࿩̧̳̭̦ͥ͂́ͥȃయນഎ̈́਀༹ͅȄଷࢄచય̜́ͥͺ·Ιν΀ȜΗ̜̞͉ͥ ECU ͅయͩ̽̀୺ဥ͈࿅݀ΧȜΡ;Ϳͺ௡౾ͬঀ̞Ȅ৘षͅ‫ٳ‬อ̱̹ ECU ̜̞͉ͥΕέΠ;Ϳͺͬழ͙ࣺͭ́൲ैͬ‫ ̳ͥ෇ږ‬HILSȪHardware in the Loop Simulationȫ̞͂̽21ȫ̹ΏηντȜΏοϋΞΑΠ̦૫൫̱̜̾̾ͥȃHILS ΏΑΞθ͉ dSPACE͞ ETAS ̦̈́̓೹‫̞̱ͥ̀ރ‬ȃഐࣣȪ΅λςήτȜΏοϋȫࢥ೾͉͂Ȅ৬ၰ͈΋ϋΓίΠ͞൲ैါ࠯ͅ
̵ࣣͩ̀ ECU ͈ΩριȜΗͬ಺ା̳ͥࢥ೾̜́ͥȃ༹࣭ܰ͞ଷ͈֑̞ͅ
̽̀͢ෳ‫΄ܨ‬Α͞೩‫أ‬ই൲଻͈̈́̓ါ࠯͉։̈́ͥȃ̹͘৬ၰ͈΋ϋΓίΠ
̈́̓̽̀͢ͅ‫ ͥͦͣ͛ݥ‬ECU ͈ΩριȜΗ͈डഐ౵͉։̈́ͥȃ̭ͦͣͅచ؊̳̹ͥ͛ͅ ECU ͈ଷࢄυΐΛ·ুఘ͈ࢹ௮ͬ་ࢵ̳̭̩ͥ͂̈́ȄଷࢄυΐΛ·ͅ‫۾‬Ⴒັ̫̹ͣͦΩριȜΗ͈౵͈͙ͬ་ࢵ̳ͥຈါ̦̜ͥȃ‫ڎ‬৬ၰ͈डഐ̈́ΩριȜΗͬ୭೰̳̹ͥ͛Ȅ৘࣐শ͈ΩριȜΗͬ௶೰̱Ȅ̷ͦͬ༞ୃ̳̞̹ͥ͂̽ίυΓΑͬ߫ͤ༐̱৘࣐̱Ȅ಺ା̯ͦͥȃഐࣣΏΑΞθ͈ΜȜσ͉ dSPACEȄETASȄVector ̦̈́̓೹‫̞̱ͥ̀ރ‬ȃ்̞౲‫ ̥ͣٴ‬MBD ৾ͤͅழ̞̹ͭ́ΟϋΕȜ͉́ 1996 ාͅ R&D ໐
࿝̦ MBD ͈৘கͅ಍਀̱̞̀ͥȪ଎ນ 3 ͬ४ચȫȃ̷͈৘ঔ̜̹ͤͅȄ࡛౷࡛໤͈ୈ૰͈‫ئ‬ȄMBD ͅຈါ̈́‫ܥུܖ‬ෝ͍̈́ͣͅΦ;Χ;ͬၑٜ̳
̹ͥ͛ͅ MBD ဥΜȜσ͈ඤୋ‫ͤ৾ͅا‬ழ͙ȄράΛΡίυΠΗͼάϋΈ

21ȫHILS ͈ఈȄଷࢄυΐΛ·κΟσͬ৘࣐‫خ‬ෝ̈́ॽအ̱͂̀ΏηντȜΠ̳ͥMILSȪModel in the Loop SimulationȫȄ‫ب‬ே͈‫ݷ‬൲۪‫ࢹͬޏ‬ಃ̳ͥ୺ဥ
͈ΕέΠ;Ϳͺષ́୆଼̱̹΋ȜΡͬΏηντȜΠ̳ͥ SILSȪSoftware in
the Loop SimulationȫȄECU ́ঀဥ̯ͦͥίυΓΛ΍̦ඤ௬̯̹ͦບ‫ث‬δȜΡષ́୆଼̯̹ͦ΋ȜΡͬΏηντȜΠ̳ͥ PILSȪProcessor in the Loop
Simulationȫ̞̹̭࣐̠͂̽͂ͬΏηντȜΏοϋΞΑΠ̜ͥ͜ȃ28κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

15ΜȜσȶRDS-FitȷȄഐࣣࠗ௶ΜȜσȶMeisterȷ̈́̓ͬ‫ٳ‬อ̱̹ȃ̵ࣣͩ
̀ 98 ා̥ࣼͣ‫۾‬Ⴒܿ੅໐̷͈ͅ၌ဥ͈߼࿎‫ڰ‬൲ͬ‫ٳ‬ই̱̹ȃ2000 ා͉ͅ࿨֥ೄ‫͈ڵ‬ΗΑ·έ΁ȜΑழ૕ͬ୭౾̱Ȅ‫۾‬Ⴒܿ੅໐͈΅Ȝζϋͬ࠳හ̵̯ȄMBD ͈ଔૺུͬ‫ض̵̹̯ࠫاڒ‬Ȅ୶࣐‫ٳ‬อ́ু൲୆଼̱̹΋ȜΡͬ৘௡̱̹ ECU ͈‫ٳ‬อȄၾॲ৬‫ٳ‬อ͈৘࣐ॽအॽအ੥̱͂̀ SimulinkκΟσ͈ഐဥ̦̈́̓‫ٳ‬ই̯̹ͦȃ̯ͣͅȄ2002 ා͉ͅၾॲ৬‫ٳ‬อ́ু൲22ȫ୆଼̱̹΋ȜΡͬ৘௡̱ই̞͛̀ͥȃ଎ນ 3ȁΟϋΕȜ̤̫ͥͅ MBD ͈ࠐ֌
1996 ා R&D ໐࿝̦ MBD ͅ಍਀
1998 ා ίυΐͿ·Π݈ٛͥ͢ͅ‫۾‬Ⴒܿ੅໐͈͒߼࿎‫ڰ‬൲‫ٳ‬ই
2000 ා ࿨֥ೄ‫͈ڵ‬ΗΑ·έ΁ȜΑழ૕ͬ୭౾̱Ȅ‫۾‬Ⴒܿ੅໐͈΅Ȝζϋͬ࠳හ̵̯ͥ
୶࣐‫ٳ‬อ́ু൲΋ȜΡ୆ॲ‫ٳ‬ইၾॲ৬‫ٳ‬อͅ Simulink κΟσȪ৘࣐ॽအॽအ੥ȫͬഐဥ‫ٳ‬ইȪၾॲުྩ I/F ̱͂̀൵වȫ
2001 ා ΃θς͈ၾॲ৬‫ٳ‬อ́ AIR ଷࢄॽအͬ Simulink κΟσ‫ا‬Ȅ
ECU ৘௡͉ΧϋΡ΋ȜΟͻϋΈ
2002 ා ၾॲ৬‫ٳ‬อͅ ACGȪAuto Code Generatorȫഐဥ‫ٳ‬ই
2003 ා ‫۾‬Ⴒܿ੅΅Ȝζϋͬಎ૤̱̹͂‫੅ܿړ‬໐ͥ͢ͅুၙഎ̈́‫ڰ‬൲ͅ֊࣐ၾॲ৬‫ٳ‬อ́ু൲΋ȜΡ୆ॲ‫ٳ‬ইίς;Α͈ၾॲ৬‫ٳ‬อ́ CHSS ଷࢄॽအͬ Simulink ‫ا‬ȄECU৘௡͉ু൲΋ȜΡ୆ॲໝତ͈ίυΐͿ·Π́ MBD ͬ৘ঔ੄ਫ਼ȫΠπΗȆΟϋΕȜ MBD ഐဥે‫ޙ‬Ȅ૒ઐ݅ܲȶκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̤̫ͥͅ RTC-EC ͈ΩχȜΠτȜϋଷࢄ͈͒ഐဥȷJ-MAAB ΂Ȝίϋ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ 2003 ා , ෻ື঩ၳͤ͢ȃ̭͈̠̈́͢ MBD ͅ‫̳ͤ৾ͥ۾‬ழ͙͉Ȅ৘ঔ͈ΗͼηϋΈͅ৹͈ۙΒτ͉̜͈͈ͥ͜Ȅ࡛हȄ̳͓͈̀ OEM ̦৘க̱̞̀ͥȃMBD ͬ৘ঔ̳ͥ
̭͂́Ȅၑٜ̱̳̞͞ါ‫ॽݥ‬အ੥͈ै଼͂ठ၌ဥ͈৘࡛Ȅ৘௡ஜ౲‫͈́ٴ‬

22ȫႝ࿐ྔহȶ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ̤̫ͥͅκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ਀༹‫ڰ‬ဥ͈࡛ે͂ࣽࢃȷAutomotive Technology Days 2006 autumnȄ෻ື঩ၳȃ29

16ີȁআȁაȁ஽࠿બैުͥ͢ͅ΀ρȜ͈ࡘઁȄ΋ȜΡ͈ু൲୆଼ͥ࢘͢ͅၚ଻͈࢜ષȄΧϋΡ΀ρȜȟΪνȜζϋ΀ρȜ͈ࡘઁȄΏηντȜΗ͈၌ဥͥ͢ͅ࠿બै
ު͈࢘ၚ଻͈࢜ષȄ৘৬ΞΑΠ͈ٝତ͈ॉࡘȄ͈̯̰̈́̓̈́࢘͘͘‫ܢͬض‬ఞ̧̳̭̦ͥ͂́ͥȃ̷͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅ࢘ၚ٨஝Ȅ຦ৗ࢜ષȄ΋ΑΠॉࡘ͈̈́̓
࢘‫̧̦̭͚ࣺͥ́͂ࡉͬض‬ȃ̹̺̱ȄMBD ͬ৘ঔ̳̞ͥ͂̽̀͜Ȅু൲৬ު‫͉́ٮ‬଒ೄഎ৾֨‫߸۾‬̦ஜ೹́κΦै̦࣐̞̹ͤͩͦ̀ͥ͛ȄOEM ͂΍ίρͼμȄ΍ίρͼμ
‫̦಺ފ͈ۼ‬ຈါະ‫̜ͥ́ࠧخ‬ȃ̹͘ȄMBD ͬ৘ঔ̳̜̹ͥͤͅȄ‫ٳ‬อίυΓΑ஠ఘͬ೒̲͈̠̀̓̈́͢ΜȜσΙͿȜϋͬࢹಃ̳͈̥̦ͥ‫ٳ‬อ࢘ၚͬఱ̧̩ऒֲ̳ͥȃ̷͈̹͛Ȅু൲৬ު‫͈ٮ‬ΣȜΒͬ฽‫̹̱ד‬ξȜΎΫςΞͻ͈̞ࣞΜȜσͬ‫ٳ‬อ̱̠̹̀ͣ͛͜ͅΜȜσαϋΘ͈͂‫ފ‬ႁ‫ࢹͬ߸۾‬ಃ̳̭ͥ͂͜ະ‫̜ͥ́ࠧخ‬ȃ̷͈̹͛ȄMBD ͈૫൫ͬ঎̳̜̹࢜ͥͤͅȄOEMȄ΍ίρͼμȄΜȜσαϋΘ̦‫ފ‬ႁ̱̀৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ͬا‬ଔૺ̱̞̀ͥȃո‫ ͉́ئ‬MBD ͈૫൫̵ࣣ͂ͩ̀ૺജ̱̹̞̩̥͈̾΋ϋΕȜΏͺθͥ͢ͅດ੔‫ا‬൲̞࢜̾̀ͅ‫ٽ‬۷̱Ȅࣉख़̳ͥȃ5.

؎ༀ OEM ̦৽൵̳ͥ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜1998 ා 7 ࠮ȄDaimlerȪ ‫ ݰ‬Daimler BenzȫȄFordȄ Π π Η ͈ 3 ২ ͉
The MathWorks ̦ ೹ ‫ ͥ ̳ ރ‬MATLAB ͬ ဥ ̞ ̹ ু ൲ ৬ ଷ ࢄ Ώ Α Ξ θ͈ MBD ۪‫ͅܢ்ͬޏ‬৘࡛̳̭ͥ͂ͬ஬̽̀ MAABȪThe MathWorks23ȫ

Automotive Advisory Boardȫ ͬ ୭ ၛ ̱ ̹ȃ ࿩ 1 ා ࢃ ͈ 1999 ා 9 ࠮ ͈
23ȫThe MathWorks ͈ HP ͬ४ચȪhttp://www.mathworks.com/industries/
auto/ȫȃ30

κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

17

ల 3 ٝ MAAB ΋ ϋ έ ͹ τ ϋ Α ́ ͉ ષ ܱ 3 ২ ͈ ͕ ̥ȄGMȄ Ο ϋ Ε ȜȄ

DelphiȄMotorolaȄVestionȄSimens ̈́ ̓ ͈ ΍ ί ρ ͼ μ ͜ ‫̞ ̀ ̽ ͩ ح‬ͥȃ2000 ා 6 ࠮ ͅ ‫ ٳ‬ट ̯ ͦ ̹ ల 4 ٝ MAAB ΋ ϋ έ ͹ τ ϋ Α ո ࣛ ͉ȄThe MathWorks ̦ ৽ ट ̳ ͥ ͢ ̠ ͅ ̈́ ͤȄInternational Automotive
Conference ̵ࣣͩ̀ͅ‫ٳ‬ट̯̠̞ͦͥ̈́̽̀ͥ͢ͅȃոࢃȄා 1 ͈ٝ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ̦೰‫ܢ‬എͅ‫ٳ‬ट̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ

MAAB ͉ͅ GMȄFordȄDelphiȄVisteonȄMotrolaȄCaterpilla ͈̈́̓ༀܑ࣭ު̦ਫ਼௺̳ͥ NA-MAABȄBMWȄAudiȄVWȄRenaultȄJaguarȄ

SimensȄBoschȄContinental ͈̈́̓؎ਗܑު̦ਫ਼௺̳ͥ EU-MAABȄ̷̱̀ΠπΗȄ඾ॲȄγϋΘȄΟϋΕȜ̈́̓඾ࠏܑު̦ਫ਼௺̳ͥ JMAAB͈ 3 ͈̾౷֖໐̦ٛంह̳ͥȪ଎ນ 4Ȅ7 ͬ४ચȫ
ȃNA-MAAB ͉ΟΠυͼΠȄEU-MAAB ͉ΏνΠͽΛΠ΄σΠȄJMAAB ͉൐‫̸̷ͦͦͅނ‬মྩޫ̦̜ͤḘ̷̏ͬಎ૤ͅ WG ‫ڰ‬൲̦࣐̞̈́̓ͩͦ̀ͥȃා 1 ͈ٝ΋ϋέ͹τϋΆ͉Ȅ‫ڎ‬౷֖໐͈ٛ‫ڰ‬൲ે‫̦̓̈́ޙ‬༭̯࣬ͦȄૂ༭‫ވ‬ခ̦଎ͣͦ̀
24ȫ̞ͥȃ
଎ນ 4ȁNA-MAAB ̤͍͢ EU-MAAB ४‫ح‬ιϋΨȜȪ2007 ා 11 ࠮࡛हȫ
Ƀ NA-MAAB ɄGMȄFordȄDelphiȄVisteonȄMotrolaȄCaterpilla ఈɃ EU-MAAB ɄBMWȄAudiȄVWȄRenaultȄJaguarȄSimensȄBoschȄ
Continental ఈ੄ਫ਼ȫ๑࿤ࢼൽȶJMAAB ȽκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อͬଔૺ̳ͥু൲৬ު‫ ͈ٮ‬MATLAB ξȜΎ΋ηνΣΞͻȷ૽̩͈͂ͥ͘Ξ·ΦυΐȜജ 2007, 2007 ා 5 ࠮ 25 ඾ , ෻ື঩ၳͤ͢ȃ

MAAB ́ ͉ 2001 ා 2 ࠮ ͅȄMATLAB ͬ ၌ ဥ ̱ ̹ ଷ ࢄ ဥ ͺ σ Ό ςΒ θ ‫ ٳ‬อ ͈ ΄ ͼ Ρ ρ ͼ ϋȶCONTROL ALGORITHM MODELING

24ȫ๑࿤ࢼൽȶJMAAB ȽκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อͬଔૺ̳ͥু൲৬ު‫ ͈ٮ‬MATLAB
ξȜΎ΋ηνΣΞͻȷ૽̩͈͂ͥ͘Ξ·ΦυΐȜജ 2007Ȅ2007 ා 5 ࠮ 25 ඾Ȅ෻ື঩ၳͤ͢ȃ31

18ີȁআȁაȁ஽GUIDELINES USING MATLAB®, Simulink®, and Stateflow®ȷ ͬ ॐ ೰25ȫ̱̤̀ͤȄ࡛ह Version2.0 ̦อ࣐̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ൳ ̲ ̩Ȅ1998 ාȄ ௶ ೰ ‫ܕ‬Ȅ ু ൲ ‫ܕ ܥ‬Ȅ ໦ ଢ଼ ‫ܕ ܥ‬Ȅ Ώ η ν τ Ȝ Ώ οϋΏΑΞθΞΑΠ͞ບ‫ث‬ȄΏηντȜΏοῧ̞̹̽‫ٳ‬อ۪‫ޏ‬໦࿤̤̞̀ͅΏȜθτΑ̈́ΟȜΗ࢐͈۟৘࡛Ȅ͍̈́ͣͅ‫͈ܕܥ‬௖ࡽ୪௽଻ͬ
ࣞ͛ͥͼϋΗέͿȜΑ͈ດ੔‫ͬا‬ଔૺ̳ͥ΂Ȝίϋ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθASAMȪAssociation for Standardisation of Automation and Measuring
26ȫ

SystemsȄ ഴ ჏ ྴ ͉ ASAM e.V.ȫ ̦ ୭ ၛ ̯ ͦ ̀ ̞ ͥȃASAM ͉ 1991
ා ͅ ඊ OEM ̦ ৽ ൵ ̱ ̀ ୭ ၛ ̱ ̹ Work Group for Standardisation ofAutomation and Measuring Systems ̦ ̷ ͈ ஜ ૸ ́ ̜ ͥȃ ι ϋ Ψ Ȝ ͉
1998 ා൚੝ȄιϋΨȜ͉ 33 ২̜̹̦́̽Ȅ2007 ා࡛हȄOEM 9 ২ȄTier1 6 ২Ȅ໐຦΍ίρͼμ͞ΜȜσαϋΘ 80 ২Ȅఱ‫ݪࡄ͞ڠ‬ਫ਼ 9 ‫۾ܥ‬Ȅȃ
ࡢ૽ 14 ྴ͈ࣣࠗ 118 ͈ழ૕̤͍͢ࡢ૽̥ͣࢹ଼̯ͦͥȪ଎ນ 5 ͬ४ચȫ४‫ح‬ιϋΨȜ͈ఉ̩̦ু൲৬‫۾‬Ⴒܑު̜́ͤȄ̹͘ඊܑު̜́ͥȃ࡛हȄ඾ࠏ OEM ͉४‫͈͈̞̞̱̈́̀͜ح‬Ȅ඾ࠏ΍ίρͼμ͉ໝତ४‫̞̱ͥ̀ح‬ȃ
଎ນ 5ȁASAM ४‫ح‬ιϋΨȜȪ2007 ා 11 ࠮࡛हȫ
Ƀ OEM ιϋΨȜɄȇࣣࠗ 9 ২AudiȄBMWȄDaimlerȄGMȄMAN NutzfahrzeugeȄPorschȄRenaultȄVWȄVolvo
Ƀ Tier1 ιϋΨȜɄȇࣣࠗ 6 ২
AFT Atlas Fahrzeugtechnik Ȅ AVL Ȅ Bosch Ȅ Drecq Daniel Technologies Ȅ FEV
MotorentechnikȄSimensȁVDO
Ƀ΍ίρͼμιϋΨȜɄȇࣣࠗ 80 ২
ΡͼΜ 56 ২Ȅ඾ུ 6 ২Ȅ‫ ࣭ם‬5 ২Ȅༀ࣭ 4 ২ȄέρϋΑ 2 ২Ȅ΂ȜΑΠςͺ 2 ২Ȅ‫ ࣭܀‬2 ২ȄασΆȜ 1 ২ȄΑͼΑ 1 ২Ȅσ·ΓϋήσΈ 1 ২Ƀఱ‫ڠ‬Ʉȇࣣࠗ 9 ‫۾ܥ‬ͺςΑΠΞτΑఱ‫ڠ‬ȪΆςΏλȫȄཤ‫شࢥނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬Ȫಎ࣭ȫȄΉσϋఱ‫ڠ‬ȪΡͼΜȫȄFTZ ܿ੅ࡄ
ȄΡτΑΟϋܿ੅ࠐफఱ‫ڠ‬Ȅ΃ΛΓσఱ‫ڠ‬ȪΡ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ȪΡͼΜȫȄFZI ૂ༭ܿ੅ࡄ‫ݪ‬ΓϋΗȜȪΡͼΜȫͼΜȫȄΏνΠͽΛΠ΄σΠఱ‫ڠ‬ȪΡͼΜȫȄ΂στͺϋఱ‫ڠ‬ȪέρϋΑȫɃࡢ૽Ʉȇࣣࠗ 14 ྴΡͼΜ૽ 12 ྴȄͺͼσρϋΡ૽ 1 ྴȄͼΗςͺ૽ 1 ྴ੄ਫ਼ȫASAM HPȪhttp://www.asam.net/ȫͤ͢ै଼ȃ25ȫThe MathWorks ͈ HP ͬ४ચȪhttp://www.mathworks.com/industries/
auto/maab.htmlȫȃ
ȫ
26 ASAM ͈ HP ͬ४ચȪ http://www.asam.net/ȫȃ32κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

19

ASAM ୭ၛ͈෸ࠊ͉ͅ৬ၰ̤̫ͥͅഩঊଷࢄ‫ܥ‬ෝ͈ਹါ଻̦௩ఱ̱̀
̞̭̦ͥ͂ఱ̧̈́ါ֦̱͂̀‫̬ͥͦͣݷ‬ȃਲြȄഩঊ໐຦͈ඊၛ଻̦̩ࣞȄႲࠈ̦̜ͤ͘ࣉၪ̯̞̥̹͉ͦ̀̈́̽ࣼ OEM ͂ΏΑΞθ΍ίρͼμ‫ͅۼ‬͉ྶ‫̈́ږ‬໦ު‫̦̹̜̦̽߸۾‬Ȅ߃ාȄΥΛΠχȜ·́ࠒ̦̹ͦഩঊ໐຦ͬ
ྟ୪ͅႲࠈ̵̯̭̞ͥ͂́ͤࣞ͢ଷࢄ‫ܥ‬ෝͬో଼̳̭̦ͥ͂঎̯࢜ͦͥͅ
ฺ̞ȄOEM ͂ΏΑΞθ΍ίρͼμ‫̦಺ފ́ۼ‬ຈါ͂̈́ͥैު̦ఉ̩̈́̽
̹ȃ̷͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅ଎ນ 6 ͅা̱̹̠̈́͢ 5 ͈̾ດ੔̦୆ͦͥ͘ͅঢ̞̽̀ͥȃ

ASAM ͉́ȄASAM ດ੔੔‫͈ݶ‬ୋ຦͈ഐࣣ଻ͬ௶೰̳ͥΞΑΠ਀༹͞ΜȜσͬ੔๵̱̤̀ͤȄഐࣣ଻ΞΑΠͬ·ςͺ̱̹ୋ຦ͬ෇બ̱̞̀ͥȃ଎ນ 6ȁASAM ດ੔ASAMȁACIȪAutomatic Calibration Interfaceȫ

ECU ͈̈́̓ഩঊଷࢄΏΑΞθ͂̽̀ͅडഐ̈́ΗΑ·ͬ৘࣐̳ͥু൲‫଼ࢹا‬ါள͂डഐ‫଼ࢹا‬ါள͈‫ͼ͈ۼ‬ϋΗέͿȜΑ͈೰݅৬शഩঊ‫ٳ͈ܕܥ‬อࢥ೾̤͍͢ΞΑΠࢥ೾͈ͼϋΗέͿȜ
ASAM AEȪAutomotive Electronicsȫ
Α͈೰̷̤͍̭̯݅́ͤ͂ͤͦͥ͢͞ΟȜΗ͈ࢹ௮͈೰݅අ೰ͺίςΉȜΏοϋ͈ै଼͈̹͛ͅຈါ͂̈́ͥ௶೰ΟȜ
ASAM CEAȪComponents for EvaluationΗͬບ‫͉̞̜ͥث‬໦ଢ଼̳ͥκΐνρȜ༷৆͈ΜȜσ߲͈໐and Analysisȫ ຦ͼϋΗέͿȜΑ͞ຈଌ‫ܥུܖ‬ෝ͈೰݅௶೰‫ͼ͞ܕܥ‬ϋΞςΐͿϋΠ΍ήΏΑΞθ͈ίρΈɕίτ
ASAM GDIȪGeneric Device Interfaceȫ
ͼͬ৘࡛̳̹͈ͥ͛ͼϋΗέͿȜΑ͈೰݅Α Π τ Ȝ ΐȄ Ο Ȝ Η ͈ ཱུ ࿫ ̤ ͢ ͍ ࢐ ۟ ͈ ̹ ͛ ͈ ͼ ϋ Η
ASAM ODSȪOpen Data Serviceȫ
έͿȜΑ͈೰݅

੄ਫ਼ȫASAM HPȪhttp://www.asam.net/ȫͤ͢ै଼ȃஜ੆͈·υȜΒΡ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ HIS ̤̞̀͜ͅȄΏηντȜΏοϋ̤͍͢ΜȜσͅ‫ ̳ͥ۾‬WGȪո‫ ئ‬S&T WGȫͬ୭̫Ȅ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫̰̯̳̈́ͥ͘͘۾ͅޏ‬ດ੔͈ॐ೰࣐̞ͬ̽̀ͥȃ̭͈ WG ͉́ȄOEM ͞΍ίρͼμ̦၌ဥ̱̞̀ͥΜȜσ͈๤‫̞࣐ͬ̓̈́ڛ‬Ȅ‫ٳ‬อࢥ೾͈‫ࢥڎ‬೾́၌ဥ̱̞̯̰̀ͥ̈́͘͘ΜȜσ͈ါ‫ݥ‬মࣜ͞ͼϋΗέͿȜΑͬྶ‫̱ͅږ‬ȄOEM ͞΍ίρͼμ͈‫ވ‬೒෇েͬାၑ̳̭ͥ͂ͬ࿒ঐ̱̞̀ͥȃߓఘഎͅȄါ‫ۯݥ‬ၑȄκΟςϋΈȄΞΑΠȄ་ࢵ‫ۯ‬ၑ͞΋ϋέͻΈτȜΏοϋ‫ۯ‬ၑ͈̹͛ͅ၌ဥ̱̞̀ͥ‫ٳ‬อΜȜσ๊͈֚ါ‫ݥ‬মࣜ͂අਂါ‫ݥ‬ম͈ࣜ೰݅Ḙ̏ͦͣ‫ٳ‬อΜȜσ͈ξȜΎΫςΞͻͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬೰݅ȄOEM ͂΍ί33

20ີȁআȁაȁ஽ρͼμ͈‫࣐ͥͦͩ́ۼ‬ါ࠯‫ۯ‬ၑͅຈါ͂̈́ͥ΂Ȝίϋ࢐۟έ΁ȜζΛΠȄΜȜσ‫ͼ͈ۼ‬ϋΗέͿȜΑ͈ྶ‫اږ‬ȄΜȜσບ‫ވ͈̹͈͛ث‬೒ࡉٜ͞ါ‫ݥ‬27ȫ

ম͈ࣜ೰̦݈݅̈́̓ა̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ̭͈ఈȄါ‫ݥ‬মࣜͅ‫̱̀۾‬ΜȜσαϋΘ̦ೄ࿂̳ͥ‫ه‬ఴȄΜȜσͼϋΗέͿȜᾼ‫̱̀۾‬΍ίρͼμ̦ೄ࿂̳ͥ
‫ه‬ఴ̞݈̈́̓̾̀͜ͅა̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ2007 ා ࡛ हȄ ̭ ̠ ̱ ̹ ࠿ ൦ ͬ ̳ ͥ ͅ ̜ ̹ ͤȄ ͘ ̴ ‫ ٳ‬อ Μ Ȝ σ ͈ ๊֚ ါ ‫ ݥ‬ম ࣜ ͬ ྶ ‫ͅ ࢃ ̹ ̱ ͅ ږ‬Ȅ3 ̾ ͈ ΀ ΅ Α Ω Ȝ Π Έ σ Ȝ ί ͬ ழ ૕̱Ḙ̷̏́‫ڎ‬ΜȜσ͈අਂါ‫ݥ‬মࣜ͞ͼϋΗέͿȜΑͬྶ‫̳ͥͅږ‬ထ೰̞͂̈́̽̀ͥȃ΀΅ΑΩȜΠΈσȜί͉Ȅӱါ࠯ࢥ‫͍̤͢ڠ‬ါ࠯‫ۯ‬ၑȪRequirements-Engineering and -ManagementȄո‫ ئ‬RE/RMȫȄӲু൲΋ȜΡ୆଼Ȅӳ HILȪHardware in the LoopȫȄ͈ 3 ̦̜̦̾ͥȄ࡛हȄ‫ڰ‬൲̱̞͈͉̀ͥ RE/RM ͈͙̜́ͥȃRE/RM ͉́ Telelogic ͈ါ࠯‫ۯ‬ၑΕέΠ;Ϳͺ̜́ͥ DOORS ͈̹͈͛࢐۟ͼϋΗέͿȜΑ͈೰݅Ȅ൳̲̩ Telelogic ͈໦८‫ٳ‬อίυΐͿ·Π̤̞̀ͅ၌ဥ̯ͦͥ DOORS XT͈̹͈͛ါ࠯͈೰݅ȄRE/RM ΜȜσ͈‫ވ‬೒ါ‫ݥ‬ম͈ࣜ‫෇ږ‬ȄHIS ͈ఈ͈χȜ΅ϋΈΈσȜί͈ॽအ੥ै଼ͅ‫ڰ̳ͥ۾‬൲͈঑‫׳‬Ȅ࣐̞̈́̓ͬ̽̀ͥȃࣽࢃȄS&T WG ͉Ȅ̯̯̰ͣ̈́͘͘ͅດ੔‫ڰا‬൲ͬထ೰̱̞̀ͥȃ

6. JMAAB ̤̫ͥͅດ੔‫ڰا‬൲߃ාȄ඾ུ̤̞̀͜ͅ඾ࠏ OEM ̦৽൵̳ͥࠁ́৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ͬا‬ଔૺ̳ͥ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ‫ڰ‬൲̦ജ‫̜̯ͥ̾̾ͦٳ‬ȃ

2001 ා 4 ࠮ȄΠπΗȄ඾ॲȄγϋΘ͈ 3 ২͈৽൵ͤ͢ͅ JMAABȪJapan
MATLAB Automotive Advisory Boardȫ̦୭ၛ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃJMAAB ͉
28ȫ

MAAB ͈‫ئ‬໐ழ૕̞̠͂պ౾̫͉̩̿́̈́Ȅඊၛ̱̹හփ౬ఘ̜́ͥȃ27ȫHISȄHISȄ2007Ȅpp.12-14.
34κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

21

JMAAB ͈‫ڰ‬൲࿒എ͉ȄӱκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ͈ଔૺ͂κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อίυΓΑ்͈‫ܢ‬৘࡛ȄӲ MATLAB/Simulink αȜΆ͈୭ࠗȆ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫ޏ‬͈อജȄӳু൲৬ιȜ΃͂΍ίρͼμ͈‫̢̹࢘קͬٮޏ‬ၚഎ̈́‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬29ȫȶ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫ࢹޏ‬ಃ͉৘࡛Ȅ̜ͥͅȃ̭̠̱̹‫ڰ‬൲࿒എͬ৘࡛̳̜̹ͥͤͅȄ‫̱಺ފ‬Ȅ‫އ‬௔͉ୋ຦́ȊȷȄȶ࿹̹۪ͦ‫͈́ޏ‬τασ͈̞ࣞ‫އ‬௔̱̠ͬ͢Ȋȷ̞̠͂ΑυȜ΄ϋͬࠇ̬Ȅߓఘഎ͉ͅո‫ ͈ئ‬4 ͈̾‫ڰ‬൲࣐̞ͬ̽̀ͥȃӱ κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อͅ‫ૂ̳ͥ۾‬༭͈‫ވ‬ခӲ ා 1 ٝ‫ٳ‬ट̯ͦͥ MAAB ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ͈͒చ؊ӳ ‫ٳ‬อࡓ̜́ͥ The Math Works ͅచ̳ͥ٨஝ါ‫ݥ‬Ӵ ์คయၑഝ̜́ͥ΍ͼΨΥΛΠΏΑΞθ͈͒٨஝ါ‫ݥ‬̭͈ͦͣ‫ڰ‬൲࣐̠̜̹ͬͤͅȄMBD ͬຽ‫ݞ‬Ʀ૫൫̳̹ͥ͛ͅຈါ̈́ດ
੔͈ॐ೰͈̹͛ͅশࡠഎ̈́ WG ͬழ૕̱Ȅ‫ڰ‬൲࣐̞ͬ̽̀ͥȃ̹͘Ȅ࿩ 2
ාͅ 1 ٝȄ΂Ȝίϋ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑͬ‫ٳ‬ट̱Ȅ‫ ڎ‬WG ͈৾ͤழ͙͞ιϋΨȜܑު͈ MBD ͅ‫̳ͤ৾ͥ۾‬ழ͙͈̈́̓ૂ༭೹‫̭̠࣐́͂ͬރ‬ȄMBD ͈ຽ30ȫ‫ݞ‬Ʀ૫൫഼̞͛̀ͥͅȃ

JMAAB ͈ழ૕͉଎ນ 7 ͙̠ͣͦͥ͢ͅͅδȜΡιϋΨȜȄ΋ͺιϋΨȜȄ๊֚ιϋΨȜ̥ͣࢹ଼̯ͦͥȃমྩޫ͉ MATLAB ͈඾ུ์คࡀ
ͬခ̳ͥ΍ͼΨΥΛΠΏΑΞθ̦޲̞͛̀ͥȃδȜΡιϋΨȜ͉ JMAAB
͈‫ͅא׋‬ຈါ̈́‫ڰ‬൲մ͈ॐ೰Ȅ݈ఴ͈஖೰࣐̞̈́̓ͬȄ΋ͺιϋΨȜܑ͈ު̥ͣ‫ ͇ٽ‬8 ȡ 10 ૽̦஖੄̯ͦͥȃ΋ͺιϋΨȜ͉ WG ‫ڰ‬൲࣐̠ͬ৽

27ȫHISȄHISȄ2007Ȅpp.12-14.
28ȫMAAB ͉ The MathWorks Automotive Advisory Board ͈ၞઠ̜̦́ͥȄȶMȷ
JMAAB ͉ Japan MATLAB Automotive Advisory Board ͈ၞઠ̜́ͤȄ͈փྙ֑̞̦̜ͥͅȃJMAAB ͦ͊͢ͅḘ̠̱̹̏ྴઠ͈֑̞͉Ȅ඾ུ͈́‫ڰ‬൲̦৽ͅ MATLAB ͅઙതͬ൚̹̀‫ڰ‬൲̜̹̺̞̠́ͥ͛͂ȃ
29ȫ๑࿤ࢼൽȄஜࠇ঩ၳȄ2007 ා 5 ࠮ 25 ඾Ȅ෻ື঩ၳͤ͢ȃ30ȫ΂Ȝίϋ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ͉ల 1 ̦ٝ 2003 ා 12 ࠮Ȅల 2 ̦ٝ 2005 ා 10 ࠮Ȅల 3 ̦ٝ 2007 ා 11 ࠮ͅ‫ٳ‬ट̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ35

22ີȁআȁაȁ஽ఘ̜́ͤȄ࡛ह 17 ২̥ͣ̈́ͥȃ๊֚ιϋΨȜ͉ MBD ͅ‫۾‬૤ͬ঵๊֚̾
ܑު̤͍͢ࡢ૽ͅࢩ̩࿝࡫ͬ‫ٳ‬༶̱̤̀ͤȄ࿩ 350 ২Ȅ982 ྴȪ2007 ා
31ȫ

8 ࠮ྎ࡛हȫ̥ͣ̈́ͥȃJMAAB ͉ 2003 ා 12 ࠮ͅ΂Ȝίϋ‫̱ا‬ȄոြȄਜ਼಺ͅιϋΨȜͬ‫ڐ‬ఱ̱̞̀ͥȃ଎ນ 7ȁJMAAB ͈ழ૕ࢹ଼Ȫ2007 ා 11 ࠮࡛हȫδȜΡιϋΨȜఱษྶȪΠπΗু൲৬ȫȄ༌५ഓহȪΠπΗু൲৬ȫȄൌനຮȪུനܿ੅ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ȫȄᎢനੇྶȪུനܿ੅ࡄ‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ȫȄ૧࿦݅෗ȪζΜΘȫȄႝ࿐ྔহȪΟϋΕȜȫȄ५ಎ‫࢕ݛ‬Ȫ඾ၛୋैਫ਼ȫȄ๶ࠁ‫ז‬ȪηΜΨȫ΋ͺιϋΨȜͺͼΏϋୈ‫ܥ‬ȄͺͼΏϋ AWȄͺΡόͻΛ·ΑȄ̞̳Ȗু൲৬ȄΐλΠ΋ȄΑΒ΅ȄΟϋΕȜȄΠπΗু൲৬Ȅ඾ॲু൲৬Ȅ඾ॲΟͻȜΔσȄ඾ၛୋैਫ਼ȄུനܿࡄȄζΜΘȄ२຅ഩ‫ܥ‬Ȅ२຅ু൲৬Ȅ२຅͏̷̠ȄμζΧอ൲‫ܥ‬Ȫ17 ২ȫ๊֚ιϋΨȜ

࿩ 350 ২Ȅ982 ྴȪ2007 ා 8 ࠮ྎ࡛हȫ੄ਫ਼ȫհനै଼

WG ‫ڰ‬൲͉ 2002 ා̥ͣ৘ঔ̱̞̀ͥȃ‫ڰ‬൲‫ ͉ۼܢ‬1 ාͬࡔ௱̱͂Ȅ‫ڰ‬൲‫̞̫ͥ̀ͦͣັྩ̦̭̳݅͂੄ͬض଼͈̥ͣة̮͂ͅۼܢ‬ȃ̭ͦ́͘ͅ଎ນ 8 ͈̠̈́͢ WG ‫ڰ‬൲̦৘ঔ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ̭ͦͣ WG ͉́Ȅ̜ͥඅ೰ႀ֖͈࿚ఴͅ‫ૂ̳ͥ۾‬༭࢐۟Ȅ࠿൦࣐̞ͬȄ΄ͼΡρͼϋ଼͈̈́̓‫ض‬໤ͬഐܽอນ̱̞̀ͥȃ଼̭ͦͣ‫ض‬໤͈֚໐͉ιϋΨȜո‫̯ٳ࢖͜ͅٸ‬̤ͦ̀ͤȄMAAB ̦ॐ೰̱̹ȶCONTROL ALGORITHM MODELINGGUIDELINES USING MATLAB, Simulink and Stateflow Version 2.0ȷ͈გ࿫ȄIPA ̦อ࣐̳ͥழࣺ͙ΕέΠ;ͿͺΑ΅σດ੔ ETSS ͬু൲৬ॲުဥͅ΃ΑΗζͼΒ̱̹ ETSS-JMAABȄ̈́̓ͬව਀̧̳̭̦ͥ͂́ͥȃ2007 ා 11 ࠮࡛हȄଷࢄॽအ࠿બ࠿൦ WGȄίρϋΠκΟσ WGȪల
3 ‫ܢ‬࿒ȫȄτεȜΠດ੔‫ ا‬WGȄMBD ΀ϋΐΣͺ଼֗ WGȪల 3 ‫ܢ‬࿒ȫ
͈ 4 ͈̾ WG ̦‫ڰ‬൲̱̞̀ͥȃ̹͘Ȅࠗ௶ু൲ଷࢄ‫ڠ‬ٛ̈́̓͂Ⴒࠈͬ଎

31ȫൌനຮȶJMAAB ‫ڰ‬൲͈௷୥͂ࣽࢃ͈ജ‫ܢ͈͒ٳ‬ఞȷJMAAB ΂Ȝίϋ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ 2007Ȅ2007 ා 11 ࠮ 1 ඾Ȅ෻ື঩ၳͤ͢ȃ36κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

23ͤȄMBD ͅ‫಺̳ͥ۾‬औࡄ‫ڰݪ‬൲࣐̠͈ͬ̈́̓৾ͤழ͙͜৘ঔ̱̤̀ͤȄ32ȫ

MBD ຽ‫ݞ‬Ȇ૫൫͈̹͈͛ਹါ̈́ଔૺ‫̞ͥ̀̽̈́͂۾ܥ‬ȃ
଎ນ 8ȁ̭͈ͦ́͘χȜ΅ϋΈΈσȜί‫ڰ‬൲ે‫ޙ‬
ۚমٛ২
ે‫ޙ‬
WG ྴઠ
ΑΗͼσ΄ͼΡ࠿൦ WG
ΠπΗু൲৬
2003 ා 3 ࠮ਞၭ඾ॲু൲৬
HILS ࠿બ࠿൦ WG
2006 ා 12 ࠮ਞၭ࠿બດ੔‫ ا‬WG
ུനܿࡄ2004 ා 6 ࠮ਞၭΟȜΗζΥȜΐιϋΠ WG
ζΜΘ2005 ා 9 ࠮ਞၭ඾ॲু൲৬
MATLAB ຦ৗ‫ ෇ږ‬WG
2007 ා 12 ࠮ਞၭထ೰
඾ၛୋैਫ਼
Simulink ॽအ੥ WG ΩȜΠ 22007 ා 7 ࠮ਞၭέͻΐ΃σκΟςϋΈ WG
ΠπΗু൲৬
2006 ා 7 ࠮ਞၭུനܿࡄMBD ΀ϋΐΣͺ଼֗ WG
2006 ා 7 ࠮ਞၭ
MBD ΀ϋΐΣͺ଼֗ WG ΩȜΠ 2 ΟϋΕȜ2007 ා 5 ࠮ਞၭίρϋΠκΟςϋΈ WG
ΠπΗু൲৬
2007 ා 5 ࠮ਞၭါ‫ݥ‬ζΥΐιϋΠ WG
ͺͼΏϋୈ‫ܥ‬
2006 ා 12 ࠮ਞၭ඾ၛୋैਫ਼
MBD ଔૺ WG
2007 ා 5 ࠮ਞၭ੄ਫ਼ȫ๑࿤ࢼൽȶJMAAB ȽκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อͬଔૺ̳ͥু൲৬ު‫ ͈ٮ‬MATLAB ξȜ
Ύ΋ηνΣΞͻȷ૽͂৬͈Ξ·ΦυΐȜജ 2007, 2007 ා 5 ࠮ 25 ඾ , ෻ື঩ၳͤ͢ȃ

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7. ࣉख़ȇ‫ٳ‬อ਀༹̤͍͢ΜȜσ͈ດ੔‫ا‬൲͈࢜փ݅͂‫ه‬ఴ
90 ාయոࣛȄ؎ༀ OEM ͉ࡢ༆ܑͅު͈ओ༆‫୽ا‬ၞͬ࿒എ̱̹͂ΕέΠ;Ϳͺܿ੅ͬ‫ܖ‬๕̳͂ͥ૧ܿ੅͈൵ව̧࣐̹ͬ̽̀ȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣȄ90 ාయ฼͊ոࣛȄΕέΠ;Ϳͺܿ੅ͅջం̳ͥ‫ܥ‬ෝ̦‫ͅ௸ݢ‬௩ఱ̱Ȅু൲৬́၌ဥ̯ͦͥΕέΠ;Ϳͺ̦ఉ௄‫ا‬Ȅఱܰ࿅‫ا‬ȄΥΛΠχȜ·‫̯ͦا‬33ȫ

ͥͅঢ̹̽ȃ̭̠̱̹ಎȄΧȜΡ;Ϳͺͬȶ৽ȷȄΕέΠ;Ϳͺͬȶਲȷ32ȫఱษྶȶࠗ௶ু൲ଷࢄ‫ڠ‬ٛȪSICEȫழࣺ͙ଷࢄΏΑΞθ͈κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ಺औࡄ‫ݪ‬ٛȷJMAAB ΂Ȝίϋ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ 2007Ȅ2007 ා 11 ࠮ 1 ඾Ȅ෻ື঩ၳͤ͢ȃ33ȫழࣺ͙ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ఉ௄‫͈ا‬႒߿̞͉̈́̓̾̀ͅո‫͈ئ‬୩ࣂͬ४ચȃհനࡋ࠻ȶ඾ུ͈ழࣺ͙ΕέΠ;Ϳͺॲު̤̫ͥͅ‫ٸ‬໐տుȆ٬‫ٸ‬տు͈࡛ે͂‫ه‬ఴȷॲު‫ڠ‬ٛࡄ‫ݪ‬ා༭Ȅల 22 ࣢Ȅ67-78 ༁Ȅ2006 ාȃ3724ີȁআȁაȁ஽̳͂ͥਲြ͈ୋ຦ͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλ͍̈́ͣͅ‫ٳ‬อ਀༹͉̯̰́̈́͘͘໺‫̦ٺ‬୆̲Ȅ਱໦̈́‫ٳ‬อ࢘ၚ͈࢜ષȄ຦ৗ͞૞ှ଻͈࢜ષ̦‫ܢ‬ఞ̧̩́̈́̈́̽̀
̞ͥȃ̷͈̹͛Ȅ࡛हȄུࣂ́ત̱̹ٚΠπῌࡠ̴ͣ OEM ‫ڎ‬২͉ΧȜΡ;Ϳ
ͺ͂ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ၰ৪͈۷ത̷̸ͬͦͦ਱໦ͅࣉၪ̱̹ୋ຦ͺȜ΅Ξ·34ȫΙλͬनဥ̳̠̞ͥ̈́̽̀ͥ͢ͅȃ̵ࣣͩ̀૧̹̈́ୋ຦ͺȜ΅Ξ·Ιλͅ‫̩̿ܖ‬ୋ຦‫ٳ‬อͅडഐ̈́‫ٳ‬อ਀༹̜́ͥ MBD ͈૫൫഼̞͛̀ͥͅȃ̹̺̱ȄMBD ͅ‫̳ͤ৾ͥ۾‬ழ͙͉ક๯৪̦෇ে̳ͥओ༆‫ا‬࿹պͬ൵̩͜
͈͉̩́̈́Ȅ‫ٳ‬อ࢘ၚ͞΋ΑΠॉࡘ࣓ͅࡃ̳͈̜ͥ́ͥ͜ȃ̷͈փྙ́ȄOEM ͂̽̀ͅȶ๱‫އ‬௔ႀ֖ȷ̜́ͤȄດ੔‫ا‬చયႀ̢֖̞͂ͥȃ̷̱࡛̀हȄOEM ͉ MBD ͈ຽ‫ݞ‬Ȅ૫൫ͬ௯ૺ̳ͥܿ੅ႀ֖͈́ດ੔‫ͬا‬ଔૺ̳̹̯̰ͥ͛̈́͘͘ͅ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθͬࠁ଼̱Ȅ௷໼͙ͬఁ̢̀ު‫ٮ‬ດ੔͈ॐ೰ͬ৽൵̱̞̀ͥȃུࣂ́ა̲̹৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ ͥ͛ૺͬا‬MAAB ͞ ASAMȄ
HISȄJMAAB ̞̹͂̽΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ͜ȶ๱‫އ‬௔ႀ֖ȷ͈́ດ੔‫ͬا‬௯ૺ̳͈̜ͥ́ͥ͜ȃ̹̺̱ȄOEM ̦ດ੔‫ͬا‬ଔ̱ૺ̹̞̭͛ͦͣܿ੅ႀ֖͉Ȅ΍ίρͼμ
͈͂̽̀ͅ‫އ‬௔ႀ֖̜́ͥાࣣ̦ઁ̩̞̈́̈́ȃ๊֚ͅȄດ੔‫͉ا‬૧ܰ४ව৪ͬ௩‫̵̯ح‬Ȅঌા଼͈੃‫்̹͛ͥ͛ͬا‬Ȅ‫އڒث‬௔̧̭̳ͬ֨ܳȃ̷̢ͦ͠Ȅ‫އ‬௔ႀ֖͈ાࣣȄດ੔‫͉ا‬ਲြ΍ίρͼμ̦༗ခ̱̞̀ͥओ༆‫ا‬ෝႁͬி৐̵̯̱̠̀͘ςΑ·ͬጘ͚ȃ̷͈̹͛Ȅ‫ͼ͈̥ͣة‬ϋΓϋΞͻή
̦̫̈́ͦ͊΍ίρͼμ̥ͣດ੔‫ͬا‬ଔૺ̳̹͈ࣣͥ͛փͬං̭̦ͥ͂ඳ̱
̞ȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣȄOEM ̦‫ވ‬൳̱̀ດ੔‫ͤ৾ͅا‬ழ͚̭͂́΍ίρͼμ͉ਲြ̱̞̥̹৾֨ͬ̀̈́̽ OEM ͈͂৾֨‫ܥ‬̦ٛ‫خ̦ͥڐ‬ෝ଻̦୆ͦ͘

34ȫ൳အ͈ম႕̱͂̀ BMW ͈ম႕̦ո‫́ئ‬ત̯̞ٚͦ̀ͥȃυȜρϋΡƦασ̦Ȝ / ΂ȜΠκȜΞͻήƦ΋ϋάΗϋΑΓϋΗȜಠȸু൲৬໐຦ॲު୆̧ॼ
͈ͤ͒ 8 ͈̾‫ه‬ఴȹ඾ࠐ BP ২Ȅ2005 ාȄ69-71 ༁ȃ38κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ

25ͥȃ̹͘ດ੔‫͉ا‬ȄOEM ͂΍ίρͼμ‫ૂ́ۼ‬༭ͬ‫ވ‬ခ̱Ȅ̜֚ͥ೰͈ࣣ
փͬ୆͙੄̳̹͛ਲြอ୆̱̞̹̀ਹໝൎ঩͞಺ା๯ဥͬॉࡘ̳̭̦ͥ͂
‫ܢ‬ఞ̧́ͥȃ̷͈փྙ́Ḙ̠̱̹̏΋ϋΕȜΏͺθͥ͢ͅດ੔‫ڰا‬൲͉Ȅު‫ٮ‬஠ఘ͈΋ΑΠΘ;ϋ͍̈́ͣͅ৬ၰ͈຦ৗ͞૞ှ଻ͬೲષ̬̳̺̫ͥ́
͉̩̈́ȄOEM ͂΍ίρͼμ஼༷ͅఱ̧̈́༒‫̢̞̳̹ͥ͂ͣͬ͜ף‬ȃ̭̠̱̹༒‫ށͬף‬਋̳̹ͥ͛ͅȄઁ̩̈́͂͜ո‫ ͈ئ‬2 തͅಕփͬ໡̠
ຈါ̦̜ͥȃ͉͌͂̾ດ੔‫ا‬చયႀ֖͈஖೰̜́ͥȃ๱‫އ‬௔ႀ֖͈́ດ੔
‫ͬا‬ଔૺ̳͉ͥͅȄ̴͉͘౗̦͜༴̢ͥ‫ވ‬೒‫ه‬ఴ͈ٜࠨ̥ͣ੄อ̧̱́ͥ
̺̫ఉ̩͈४‫ح‬৪́ດ੔‫͈ا‬༒‫ށͬף‬਋̱̹ࢃȄ౲‫ٴ‬എͅ၌‫̦ٺ‬઩ඏ̳̠ͥ̈́ܿ͢੅ႀ֖͈ດ੔‫ڐͅا‬ఱ̳͈ͥ̈́̓෻ၪ̦ຈါ͂̈́ͥȃ̠͌͂̾͜
͉ດ੔‫͈ا‬ΗͼηϋΈ̜́ͥȃ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθͥ͢ͅດ੔‫ͬا‬঎̳࢜ͥા
ࣣȄΗͼηϋΈ͉๱ુͅਹါ̈́‫ه‬ఴ̢̞͂ͥȃ̶̈́̈́ͣȄ̞̩͈̾ܿ͜੅
ດ੔̦၄ၛ̱̹ેఠ́ު‫ٮ‬ດ੔ͬ‫ږ‬ၛ̳̭͉ͥ͂ယօ͉̞́̈́ȃ༷֚́Ȅດ੔‫̱̀͜ا‬΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ͈४‫ح‬৪ͅ‫͈ة‬၌ത̞̈́͜ાࣣ͉ॷ൳̦ංͣ
̞̹̜ͦ̈́͛́ͥȃ̳̻̈́ͩȄު‫ٮ‬ດ੔்̨͉̳̀͜ಁ଼̨̳̠̩̀͘͜
ၛ̱̩̞ͅȃ
डࢃͅȄષ੆͈๱‫އ‬௔ႀ֖͈́ດ੔‫ڰا‬൲͉๱ુͅਹါ̈́‫ڰ‬൲̜́ͥ͜
͈͈Ȅ̜̩́͘ু২͈‫އ‬௔࿹պͬ༞̳͈̱̥̞̞̠ۖͥ́̈́͂͜തͬདྷͦ
͉̞̀̈́ͣ̈́ȃ‫އ‬௔ષਹါ̭͉̈́͂Ȅ‫އ‬௔ͅੳ၌̳̭̜ͥ͂́ͤȄ̷͈̹͛ͅ‫އ‬௔ႀ֖́ఈ২͂ओ༆‫̧ͥ́ا‬ෝႁͬ༗ခ̳̭̜ͥ͂́ͥȃ̷̢ͦ͠Ḙ̠̱̹̏ດ੔‫ڰا‬൲̵ࣣ͂ͩ̀Ȅ‫އ‬௔࿹պ͈࡙ஂ͂̈́ͥඊুෝႁ͈‫ڕ‬ං̞̱̈́‫̞̫̯̦̈́ͣ̈́͊ͦ̈́ͦ̈́اޑ‬തͬ‫̳ͥ಺ޑ‬ຈါ̦̜̠ͧȃ࡛हȄOEM ͍̈́ͣͅ΍ίρͼμ‫ڎ‬২͉Ȅ̯̰̈́͘͘ດ੔‫ڰا‬൲࣐̞ͬ̾̾Ȅু২͈ओ༆‫ا‬ෝႁ̹͈ͬࣞ͛ͥ͛ R&D ൎ঩Ȅ̯͉ͣͅ΀ϋΐϋܿ੅͞ ITS ‫۾‬Ⴒܿ੅Ȅ۪‫۾ޏ‬Ⴒܿ੅̞̹͂̽‫އ‬௔ႀ֖͈́ܰ‫އڒ‬௔͈৽൵ࡀ௔̞͈̹͈͛೹ࠈ̈́̓ͬജ‫̱ٳ‬Ȅ‫އ‬௔ႀ֖͈́ओ༆‫ا‬࿹պ͈‫ڕ‬ංͅဒැ͉̞̈́ȃ̭̠̱̹࡛ેͬು១̱̾̾Ȅࣽࢃ͈΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ͈൲࢜ͅಕ࿒
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ີȁআȁაȁ஽̱̹̞ȃུࡄ‫͉ݪ‬໹଼ 17 ාഽॲުܿ੅ࡄ‫ݪ‬੩଼মު๯੩଼߄ȁࡄ‫هݪ‬ఴȶু൲৬৬शഩঊଷࢄΏΑΞθ͈඾؎ດ੔‫ا‬ଔૺ΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ̤̫ͥͅດ੔ॐ
೰ίυΓΑ̤͍͢΋ϋΕȜΏͺθ‫༹࣭͈਀א׋‬ष๤‫ڛ‬Ȇ໦ଢ଼ȷȪࡄ‫ݪ‬యນ৪ȇඃന઎ဎȫͤ͢ͅ੩଼ͬ਋̫̹ࡄ‫͈֚ݪ‬໐̜́ͥȃ४ࣉ໲ࡃാ֔‫ޗ‬෗Ȭ2001ȭȸܿ੅ດ੔͂‫އ‬௔Ƚܑު୽ၞ͂࢖‫ވ‬ଽॐȽȹ඾ུࠐफບა২ȅȨFormation Processes of R&D
Doz, Y L, Olk, P M., Ring, P S.Ȭ2000ȭȄ
Consortia: Which Path to Take? Where Does it Lead?ȩȄStrategic
Management Journal, Volum21, Issue3, PP. 239-266.
൥ా໌ঃȬ2002ȭȸఉ࣭ୠܑު͈ঌા४ව࣐൲ȹ໲៍൴ȅ൥ࡔ೭ဎȬ2002ȭȶଲ‫ুٮ‬൲৬ॲު͈ 1990 ාయ͉͂‫̥͈̹̜̽́ة‬ȷ५࢛ᣘᚫጠ᳦ধȄల 50 ‫ے‬ల 2 ࣢Ȅ207-229 ༁ȅȨHerstellerinitiative Software Working Group Assessment
HISȬ2006ȭȄ
ȪV.2.1ȫȩȅႅგ຃Ȭ2005ȭȶഩঊίρΛΠέ΁Ȝθ̩̱̈́̀·σζ͈‫ٳ‬อ͉ၛ̴̻࣐̥ȷ
΃ȜƦ΀τ·ΠυΣ·Ὰ͈̳͓ȅ
Humphrey, W S.Ȭ1991ȭȄManaging the Software Process, JUSE Press.Ȫ൥࿤‫ܔ‬֚۬࿫Ȭ1991ȭȸΕέΠ;ͿͺίυΓΑ଼੃ഽ͈٨஝ȹȫ඾‫ܿش‬Ⴒȅ๑࿤ࢼൽȬ2007ȭȶু൲৬ଷࢄΏΑΞθ‫ٳ‬อ͈͒κΟσαȜΑΟΎͼϋ͈ഐဥࣉख़͂ξȜΎȜ΋ηνΣΞͻȷEDN JPAN, No.75ȅ๑࿤ࢼൽȬ2007ȭȶJMAAB ȽκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อͬଔૺ̳ͥু൲৬ު‫͈ٮ‬
MATLAB ξȜΎ΋ηνΣΞͻȷ૽͂৬͈Ξ·ΦυΐȜജ 2007Ȅ2007 ා
5 ࠮ 25 ඾Ȅ࣒‫׵‬঩ၳȅȶ΍ίρͼμȜ͈͒ࡀࡠ֊‫؎ͥ͛ޑͬۯ‬ਗ͈κΐνȜσ‫ٳ‬อȷ౻നୃࢣȬ2002ȭཅ‫ޘ‬஻௮ఱ‫ܮڠ‬ါȄల 6 ࣢Ȅ43-58 ༁ȅ౻നୃࢣȬ2004ȭȶ؎ਗ̤̫ͥͅκΐνȜσ‫͈ا‬૧̱̞൲̧ȷཅ‫ޘ‬஻௮ఱ‫ܮڠ‬ါȄల 8 ࣢Ȅ19-41 ༁ȅISOȬ1999ȭȄȨISO's long-range strategies 1999-2001ȩȄISO.
ૂ༭ੜၑଔૺ‫ࢹܥ‬Ȭ2004ȭȶΕέΠ;ͿͺίυΓΑͺΓΑιϋΠȪSPAȫκΟ40

κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ̦௯̳৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ۪‫͈ޏ‬ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜Ȫհനȫ27σͅ‫಺̳ͥ۾‬औȷIPAȅࠐफॲުજດ੔‫ࠐا‬फ଻ࡄ‫ݪ‬ٛ༎Ȭ2006ȭȸ࣭ष‫އ‬௔͂ΈυȜΨσƦΑΗϋΘȜΡȹ඾ུܰ‫ފڒ‬ٛȅ‫ࡨٗ׆ک‬Ȭ2005ȭȸIT ު‫ٮ‬ດ੔ȹ໲៍൴ , 2006 ාȅ‫ࡨٗ׆ک‬༎Ȭ2007ȭȸ࣭षΫΐΥΑ͂ܿ੅ດȹ໲៍൴ȅυȜρϋΡƦασ΄ȜఈಠȬ2005ȭȸু൲৬໐຦ॲު୆̧ॼ͈ͤ͒ 8 ͈̾‫ه‬ఴȹ඾ࠐ BP ২ȅ඾ࠐ AT ɕ BP ༎Ȭ2005 ȭȸ΃ȜƦ΀τ·ΠυΣ·Ὰ͈̳͓ȹ඾ࠐ BP ২ȅȸ΃ȜƦ΀τ·ΠυΣ·Ὰ͈̳͓ 2007ȹ඾ࠐ BP ২ȅ඾ࠐ AT ɕ BP ༎Ȭ2007ȭఱษྶȬ2007ȭȶࠗ௶ু൲ଷࢄ‫ڠ‬ٛȪSICEȫழࣺ͙ଷࢄΏΑΞθ͈κΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ಺औࡄ‫ݪ‬ٛȷJMAAB ΂Ȝίϋ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ 2007Ȅ2007 ා 11
࠮ 1 ඾Ȅ࣒‫׵‬঩ၳȅ২౬༹૽ૂ༭೒૞ܿ੅տ֥ٛܿ੅಺औͺΡΨͼΎςȜΈσȜίȬ2006ȭȸૂ༭ȹ২౬༹૽ૂ
೒૞‫͈߸۾‬έ΁Ȝρθ‫ڰ‬൲ͅ‫಺̳ͥ۾‬औ༭࣬੥Ȫల 10 ๅȫ༭೒૞ܿ੅տ֥ٛȅୄ晌֚჊Ȭ1991ȭȶ‫ڒث‬୭೰༷৆͈඾ུഎඅৗ͂΍ίρͼμȜ଼͈ಿȆอജȷࠐफࠐ‫ݪࡄא‬ਫ਼ා༭Ȅల 13 ਬȄ50-62 ༁ȅୄ晌֚჊Ȭ1996ȭȶࠏႥȆ‫ࠐ͈֨৾୏ئ‬फ࢘ၚ଻͂঑෻Ȇਲ௺‫߸۾‬ȷࠐफࠏȄల 189 ਬȄ38-52 ༁ȅୄ晌֚჊Ȭ2002ȭȶࠀ࿩͈აၑͬ༶‫̹̱ܤ‬ȶ‫߸۾‬අਂഎܿෝȷაȷࠐफࠐ‫ࡄא‬‫ݪ‬ਫ਼ා༭Ȅల 24 ਬȄ102-137 ༁ȅȶJMAAB ‫ڰ‬൲͈௷୥͂ࣽࢃ͈ജ‫ܢ͈͒ٳ‬ఞȷJMAAB ΂ȜίൌനຮȬ2007ȭϋ΋ϋέ͹τϋΑ 2007Ȅ2007 ා 11 ࠮ 1 ඾Ȅ࣒‫׵‬঩ၳȅȶΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ͈บอͬٝ๰̳ͥκΟσαȜΑଷࢄ‫ٳ‬อȷૺ࿦݅෗Ȭ2005ȭ΃ȜƦ΀τ·ΠυΣ·Ὰ͈̳͓ȅႝ࿐ྔহȬ2006ȭȶ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ‫ٳ‬อ̤̫ͥͅκΟσαȜΑ‫ٳ‬อ਀༹‫ڰ‬ဥ͈࡛ે͂ࣽࢃȷAutomotive Technology Days 2006 autumnȄ෻ື঩ၳȅಅന঎჊༎Ȭ2001ȭȸ࣭षດ੔͂୽ၞ೹ࠈȹಎ؇ࠐफ২ȅȶఉ࣭ୠܑު͈‫އ‬௔࣐൲͂ު‫ٮ‬ດ੔Ƚষଲయ DVD ܰ‫ࠁ͈ڒ‬ಅന঎჊Ȭ2006ȭ
଼̪ͬ͛̽̀ȷࠐफაਬల 86 ࣢ , 101-119 ༁ȅၛ୞‫ج‬యȬ2006ȭȶু൲৬୆ॲ͈́κΐνȜσ‫࠿͈ا‬൦ȷ඾ུ࣭षૂ༭‫ڠ‬ٛ‫ܮ‬ါȄNO.3Ȅ11-22 ༁ȅඃന઎ဎȬ2000ȭȸΈυȜΨσܑު͈୽ၞഎ೹ࠈȹηΥσό͹੥པȅඃന઎ဎȆനఆఊ֚Ȭ2007ȭȶ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈ດ੔‫ ͂ا‬AUTOSAR ͈൲࢜ȷၛྵ‫ڠאࠐ܁‬Ȅల 45 ‫ے‬ల 5 ࣢Ȅ153-169 ༁ȅհനࡋ࠻Ȭ2001ȭȶΕέΠ;Ϳͺ़͈͈අৗȡ̷͈ຽ༑എඅ଻̪ͬ͛̽̀ ȷ41ີȁআȁაȁ஽஻‫ث‬ఱ‫ڠ‬ఱ‫ܮ֭ڠ‬ါȄల 22 ਬȄ15-35 ༁ȅհനࡋ࠻Ȭ2004ȭȶΕςνȜΏοϋȆΫΐΥᾼฺ̠ΕέΠ;Ϳͺ୆ॲ͈ດ੔
‫ૺ͈ا‬ജ ȷີআა஽Ȅల 49 ‫ے‬ల 1 ࣢Ȅ1-26 ༁ȅհനࡋ࠻Ȭ2006ȭȶ඾ུ͈ழࣺ͙ΕέΠ;Ϳͺॲު̤̫ͥͅ‫ٸ‬໐տుȆ٬‫ٸ‬տు͈࡛ે͂‫ه‬ఴȷॲު‫ڠ‬ٛࡄ‫ݪ‬ා༭Ȅల 22 ࣢ȅհനࡋ࠻Ȅඃന઎ဎȬ2007ȭȶ৬शΕέΠ;Ϳͺ͈‫ٳ‬อίυΓΑ͈ດ੔‫ا‬൲࢜- ؎ਗ OEM ̦൵වͬૺ͛ͥ Automotive SPICE ͬಎ૤ͅȷͺΐͺࠐ‫א‬‫ڠ‬ٛ༭࣬ါকਬȅ
HIS ͈ HPȪhttp://www.automotive-his.de/ȫȅMISRA ͈ HPȪhttp://www.misra.org.uk/ȫȅ
FlexRay ͈ HPȪhttp:// www.flexray.com/ ȫȅ
AUTOSAR ͈ HPȪhttp:// www.autosar.org/ȫȅΞνέΒȜΡΐλΩϋ‫ڼ‬৆ٛ২͈ HPȪhttp://www.tuv-sud.jp/ȫȅ

42ࡄ‫ݪ‬ΦȜΠΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อ̷͈͂ͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋ̞̾̀ͅຶ‫ؖ‬ȁষ჊ȟ௷ၛȁ࣐ঊġŊġ ͉̲͛ͅ
඾ུ૽͈৹৪̦༴̢ͥ࿚ఴ͈̱͌͂̾͂̀Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈ະ௷̦ঐഊ̯̥ͦ̀ͣ‫̞̱ݛ‬ȃࢩ͈݅΋ηνΣΉȜΏοΰ̞̠Ȅࠈఝഩდ͞
ΩΕ΋ϋ͞ΞτΫ͉̲̳ͬ͛͂ͥιΟͻͺȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͉อో̳༷̜֚ͥ́ͥȃ̱̥̱Ȅ̽͂͜͜आ̧̜͓ۚͥͅ૽‫ۼ‬൳আ͈ȶచ࿂Ȫface-

to-faceȫ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȷ͉Ȅ৻ఘ‫͉́࡞ً̀̽͜࡞̜̱͂ͥ̾̾ا‬̞̈́ȃ̦ͩͦͩͦȄଇ௸̯͂၌༒଻ͬ೏‫̱ݥ‬௽̫ͥࡠͤḘ͈̏࿚ఴ͉ٜࠨ
̯̞ͦ̈́ȃ̷̷̱͈̀యੲ͉Ȅܴൽਘୃ̳̭̦ͥ͂ಁ̫ͦ͊ಁ̞͕̓Ȅఱ̧̩̜̠̈́ͥ́ͧȃ̱̥̱̦̭͈̈́ͣ߹͉࢜Ȅ৹৪ͅࡠ̹̭͉̞̽͂́̈́ȃȸ‫׋‬ഢআȹ́‫ٱ‬୼રͬ਋ર̱̹൥ࡔ౺๼͉Ȅಱ඾૧໳ͅȶࡧඊ̦୆͚ཕ௢Ⴧ૽ȷ͂ఴ̳ͥ
֚໲ͬ‫̵̀ܙ‬Ȅষ͈̠̭̈́͂ͬ͢ঐഊ̱̞̀ͥȃࣞഽૂ༭‫̹̱ا‬২͈ٛ་‫ͤ͢ͅا‬ȄჇ૽͈‫̦߸۾ۼ૽́ۼ‬ம‫ͤ̈́ͅ׿‬Ȅ୆͈΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ̦ࣾඳ̧̞̈́̽̀̀ͥͅȃ̫͂ͤͩȄӱఈ৪͞২͈̭ٛ͂ͬࣉ̢ͥ Ӳু໦͈ۜૂ͈̜̥ͤͬၑٜ̳ͥ ӳ૽̥̥͂ͩͥȄ̴͈̞͈̈́̓ͦ௰࿂̤̞ͅ
̀͜Ȅ࡞ဩ͈ႁ̦৻̞̽̀ͥ͘Ȅ͂໦ଢ଼̳ͥȃ૽ͅീͤͬഥ̢ͥഐ୨̈́࡞ࢊഎΑ΅σ̦̞̈́໦Ȅۜૂ̦̱̩ࠣႺ੄̱̀΅τͥȄ͈̜́ͥ͂ȃ૖ા͉́ષং͞൳ၯ͂Ȅ̜̞͉ͥ౷֖২͉ٛ́ႋ૽̈́̓͂Ȅ‫̈́ڲ׫‬΋ην43

2ີȁআȁაȁ஽ΣΉȜΏοϋ̦଎̠ͦͥ̈́ͤ͢ͅȄ̞͉͌̀ΈυȜΨσ̈́২ٛ́୆̧ॼ̽
̞̩̹͈̀͛ȶࡎȷͬౝ̭͉ͥ͂Ȅ࡛య̤̞̀ͅຈါະ‫̈́ࠧخ‬ளူ͂࡞̢
̠͢ȃȸΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈̱̩͙ȹ͉Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ̞̾̀ͅȄΫΐΥΑ̞̠͂۷ത̥ͣȶ‫͍ڠ‬ȷȶࣉ̢ȷȶ৘க̳ͥȷ̭͂ͬ
࿒ດͅ৏ຊ̯̹ͦȃ਎ު́৘षͅঀဥ̱Ȅ਋࣒୆͈฽؊̥ͣ‫ح‬ຊਘୃ࣐ͬ
̠̭͂́Ȅͤ͢਋࣒୆͈ၛાͅၛ̹̽‫ٳऺޗ‬อͬփ଎̱̹ȃུࣂ͉́Ȅষ͈Ԇ୯́‫ٳऺޗ‬อͅঢ̹̽ࠐ֌ܱ̱ͬȄԇ୯͂Ԉ୯̷ً̤̞͈̀ͅ೾̤̫ͥͅ৽̈́ͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋ͈̞̩̥̾ͬત̱ٚȄडࢃ͈ԉ୯́ࣽࢃ͈‫ه‬ఴ̞̾̀ͅ࡞‫̳ͥݞ‬ȃԆ ‫شޗ‬੥੄ๅஜࢃ͈ࠐ֌
1‫ٳऺޗ‬อ͈༷࢜଻Ȫ΋ϋΓίΠȫ̭͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อ͉Ȅ໹଼ 17 ාഽ൐‫ີނ‬আఱ‫ވ͈ڠ‬൳ࡄ‫ ͈ݪ‬1 ̱̾͂̀न

఼̯ͦȄ໹଼ 19 ා 10 ࠮ͅȸΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈̱̩͙ ȝ ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋ͈̹͈͛ၑა͂৘கȹ
̞̠͂ΗͼΠσ́Ȅ໲៍൴ͤ͢੄ๅ̯̹ͦȃौࣽȄ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοῧ̞̠࡞ဩͬী̱̞̈́ͅ඾͉̞̈́ȃၔͬ༐̵͊Ȅ̷̺̫͈ͦͩͦͩͦ୆‫ͅڰ‬΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ̦ࠧශ̱̞̞̠̀ͥ͂
̭̜̠͂́ͧȃచ૽‫ູޔ‬છ̧̭͌ͤ̈́̓͜͞Ȅࡔ֦͉ఉș̵̜ͥ͢ͅȄ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈࿚ఴͬྫণ̱̀೒̧̭̞ͥ͂̈́̓́̈́ȃ̩͂ࣞͅࢷ୆Ȅఱ‫ڠ‬୆ͬಎ૤̱̹͂Ḙ̥̏ͦͣ২ٛͅ੄̀ॽমͅࠈͩͥ৹৪͉Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋͅ‫ུܖ̳ͥ۾‬എ̈́ளူͬ૸̫̾ͥͅຈါ̦̜ͥȃຊ৪̹̻͉Ȅ̴͘ࡄ‫ݪ‬ა໲Ȇࡄ‫ݪ‬੥Ȇ‫شޗ‬੥͈႒ͬ໦ଢ଼̱̹ȃȶ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋაȷ͞ȶ։໲‫ا‬΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȷͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬Ξ΅ΑΠ๊֚͞੥͉ࢧ͕̜̦֜ͦͥ̓ͥͅȄȶΫΐΥΑȷ̞̠͂௰࿂ͬ৽̹ͥ୨࢛ͤ͂
44ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

3̱̀΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋͬა̲̞̀ͥಠ੥͉Ȅତ̢͕̱̥ͥ̓ࡉ൚̹ͣ̈́
̥̹̽ȃ࡛య২̦ٛ‫̴͈͉̞ͥ̀͛ݥ‬ΣȜΒࣣ̹̽ͅȶΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȷ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อͅ಍਀̱̹ၑဇ͉̭̭̜ͥ͜ͅȃ੝‫͈ܢ‬౲‫́ٴ‬Ȅຊ৪̹̻̦୭೰̱̹΋ϋΓίΠ͉Ȅ‫ܡ‬ం͈ၑა͞ম႕ͅ
͜ȄΫΐΥΑ͈௰࿂ͬ໹օͅழ͙ࣺ͚̭̜̹͂́̽ȃ̭͈஌ͅ‫̀̽״‬੔๵̱̹੝‫ܢ‬౲‫͉ࣂࡔ͈ٴ‬Ȅ௷ၛ͈਎ު́ȶ੥̧ࣺ͙৆͈਎ުΦȜΠȷ̱͂̀෻ື̯̹ͦȃ৘க͂‫ح‬ຊਘୃȪon-going editing and revisionȫ͈߫ͤ༐̱̜̹̦́̽Ḙ͉̏ͦ൥‫̦ؖ‬೹੹̳ͥȄȶέͻȜΡΨΛ·ȷ̥ͣȶέͻȜΡέ΁ȜχȜΡȷȪ൥‫ؖ‬Ȅ1997ȫ̞̠͂‫ٽ‬ැͬ৘க̱̹͈̜́ͥ͜͜ȃ‫ވ‬ಠ͉̜̦́ͥȄਉ๶֚۹̱̹΋ϋΓίΠ͈͂͜ͅȄͼϋΗȜͺ·Ξͻή̈́଻‫·΀̾ͬ͜ڒ‬΍΍ͼΒͬେࣺ͚̭ͤ͂͜Ȅ̠͜ 1 ͈༷̾࢜଻̜́̽
̹ȃ̷͈̹͉͛ͅȄ‫ڠ‬୆͈ΣȜΒ͞ͼϋΗτΑΠ̧ͬ֨੄̱ȄLearner-

centered CurriculumȪ‫ڠ‬ਠ৪৽ఘ͈਎ު‫א׋‬ȫͬ‫خ‬ෝ̳̠ͥ̈́͢ͅ‫ऺޗ‬ͬ‫ٳ‬อ̳ͥࢥຳ̦ຈါ̜̹́̽ȃ

Learner-centered Curriculum ̞̾̀ͅ2

Learner-centered Curriculum ͉͂ȄΣνȜ΢ϋͦ͊͢ͅո‫̠͈͢ͅئ‬೰̫݅̿ͣͦͥȃ

Learners are closely involved in the decision making process
regarding the content of the curriculum and how it is taughtȅ
ȪNunan, 1988ȫȪ਎ު̷ْ̤͍͈ࠗ͢৘கͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬փএࠨ೰ً͈೾ͅȄ‫ڠ‬ਠ৪̦ྟ୪ͅ
̥̥̠ͩͥ̈́͢΃ς΅νρθȃȫΣνȜ΢ϋ͉̯ͣͅȄࡎ͂̈́ͥါள͉ո‫͈ئ‬5̜̾́ͥ͂੆͓ͥȃӱ

PlanningȪincluding data collection, needs analysis, and learner454ີȁআȁაȁ஽groupingȫ
ȁȁ਎ުْࠗȪΟȜΗਓਬȆΣȜΒ໦ଢ଼Ȇ‫ڠ‬ਠ৪͈ΈσȜί໦̫ͬ‫͚܄‬ȫӲ

Content selectionȁȁඤယ஖఼
ӳ MethodologyȪincluding materials and activitiesȫ
ȁȁ༹༷აȪ‫ڠ͂ऺޗ‬ਠ‫ڰ‬൲ͬ‫͚܄‬ȫӴOn-going monitoringȁȁࠑ௽എ̥̾൳শૺ࣐എκΣΗςϋΈ
ӵ EvaluationȪincluding feedbackȫ
ȁȁບ‫ث‬ȪέͻȜΡΨΛ·ͬ‫͚܄‬ȫ̭ ͦ ͣ ͬ ൩ ͘ ̢ȄȨProactive Learner-centered Curriculumȩ ͬ ৘ க́ ̧ ͥ ͢ ̠ ̈́ ‫̹ ̽ ̞ ̀ ̫ ̿ ߃ ͂ ͒ ऺ ޗ‬ȃȨProactive Learner-centeredȶ‫ڠ‬୆͈ΣȜΒ̞̾̀ͅȄ਎ުͬૺ࣐̱̦̈́ͣ໦ଢ଼̱Ȅ
Curriculumȩ͉͂Ȅ‫ڠ‬୆ু૸̦࿒എͬࠨ೰̧̠۪́ͥ̈́͢‫̩ͥ̾ͬޏ‬ȃ̷͈ષ́Ȅ਎ުࢹ଼ͬ
ႉ‫ܥ‬؊་ͅ་ࢵ̱̦̈́ͣ͜Ȅ௖ࡽ͈࿒എͬో଼̧̠́ͥ͢΋ϋΠυȜσ̯̹ͦ਎ުȷ̞̠͂փྙ͈Ȅຶ‫ͥؖ͢ͅ‬௮ࢊ̜̦́ͥȄຊ৪͉Ȅ̷͈ਹါ̈́
Ȫ։໲‫ڠ֗ޗۼا‬ٛȟါள̱͂̀ո‫ ͈ئ‬7 ̦̜̾ͥ͂‫ڠ‬ٛ́༭̱̞࣬̀ͥ
໹଼ 14 ා 6 ࠮ȫȃӱSyllabus as tentative frame of referenceȁȁॻ೰എ४ࣉიழ͙̱͈͂̀ΏρΨΑӲ Class planning based on student feedbackȁȁ‫ڠ‬୆͈έͻȜΡΨΛ·ͅ‫̩̿ܖ‬਎ުْࠗӳ Thorough preparation for contingency plansȁȁయఢմͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬ਔൢ̈́੔๵
Ӵ Tactics & skills to achieve course objectives
46

ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

5ȁȁ࣒ज࿒ດ͈ో଼ͬ଎ͥΗ·Ξͻ·Α͂ܿ੅ӵ Flexibility in changing the class dynamics
ȁȁ·ρΑȆΘͼ΢ηΛ·Α͈་‫ͅا‬చ؊̧́ͥ਴඲଻
Ӷ Creating a constructive class atmosphereȁȁ·ρΑ͈࠺୭എ໱ս‫͈ܨ‬ૌ଼ӷ Having positive thinking and attitudeȁȁεΐΞͻήȆΏϋ΅ϋΈ͂ஜ̧࢜̈́ఠഽ
ȁ

3‫شޗ‬੥໗ఴ͈ͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋ̞̾̀ͅȶ;ͻϋȆຊ৪̹̻͉‫ٳऺޗ‬อ͈ 2 ා࿒ͅȄΫΐΥΑ̞̠͂ষࡓͅ‫̢ح‬Ȅ;ͻϋഎএࣉͬူ̠̭͂ȷ̞̠͂Ȅ̠͜ 1 ͈̾ਹါ༷̈́࢜଻ͬࡉ੄̱̹ȃ
ȶ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋȷ͉͂Ȅ๊֚എͅȄΫΐΥΑ̱̞ͬ̀ͥ஼༷͂̽̀ͅခ
၌̈́ેఠͬঐ̳ȃ̾ͤ͘Ȅু໦͈ၛા̺̫̩́̈́ఈ৪͈၌‫ࣉͬ͜ף‬ၪͅවͦȄಿ‫ܢ‬എ̈́ജབ͈͂͜ͅၰ৪͂̽̀ͅίρΑٜ͂̈́ͥࠨॐͬࡉ੄̱̀͠
̩এࣉ̜́ͥȃΈυȜΨσࠐ‫̞̤̀ͅא‬Ȅু໦͈໲‫ͬا‬ಎ૤ͅ໤মͬ௴̢
̱̠̞̠̀͂͘᤭ͅ‫͈̭͈̹̞͛̈́ͣۿ‬ാర‫ٽ‬ැͬȄຊ৪̹̻͉ਹণ̱̹ȃԇ ৽̹ͥͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋ̞̾̀ͅ൚‫ ͉ऺޗڂ‬8 ડ̺̀ȪB5 ๅ 159 βȜΐȫ̜̦́ͥȄ‫ڎ‬ડ͈ࢹ଼̞̾ͅ
̀࡞‫͉̭̳͂ͥݞ‬ঞ໙͈ଷ࿩ષજၞ̳ͥȃུ୯͉́Ȅ‫ٳऺޗ‬อ͈ίυΓΑ̥ͣං̹ͣͦ৽̈́ͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋ͈̞̩̥̞̾̾̀ͅౣ̩੆͓ͥȃ

1

KSAM ̞̠̠͂͜ 1 ͈̾იழ͙̞̾̀ͅ
ల 1 ડȶ ΋ η ν Σ Ή Ȝ Ώ ο ϋ ͂ ͉ȪAn Introduction to

Communicationȫȷ͉ͅȄུ੥͈ࣸঊ͂̈́ͥၑැ̦ܱ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃͺις476ີȁআȁაȁ஽΃͈૽ऺ‫ٳ‬อ͈਎ު͉́ȄKSA Ɂ KnowledgeȪ౶েȫȟ SkillsȪܿ੅ȫȟ AttitudeȪఠഽȫ̞̠͂იழ͙̦ఉဥ̯ͦͥȃ̭͈ KSA ̞̠͂ 3 ါள͉Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋෝႁ‫ٳ‬อْܑ͈̹͈͛ͬழ͚૽̦Ȅ‫ڠ‬ਠ৪ͅȶ൱̧̥̫ͥȷါள̜́ͥȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣȄΫΐΥΑ̞̠͂۷ത̥ͣࡉͥ͂Ȅু৽଻Ȅ৽ఘ଻̫̞ࠧ̀ͥۜͬͅ๛̞͛̈́ȃ̷̭́Ȅຊ৪̹̻͉ MotivationȪ൲‫ܥ‬Ȇဳ‫ݥ‬ȫ̞̠͂ါளͬ೏‫̱ح‬Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͉ͅȄKSAM ̞͂ȃ̠ 4 ါள͈ΨρϋΑ̭̦ͬ͂ͥ͂ࡎ̜́ͥȄ̞̠͂ࣉ̢ͅঢ̹̽Ȫ଎ນ 1ȫΫΐΥΑ̞̠͂௰࿂̤̞͉̀ͅȄຊ৪̹̻̦ 4 ๔࿒͈ါள̱͂̀࡞‫ݞ‬ȶ൲̱̹Ḙ͈̏ȨMotivationȩ̦ਹါ̈́࿨‫ͥ͛୸ͬڬ‬ȃΈΟͻ΃ϋΑΠ͉Ȅ‫͉͂ܥ‬Ȅఈ৪͂ഐ୨̥̾࢘‫ض‬എͅ΋ηνΣΉȜΠ̱̹̞̞̠͂ဳ‫ݥ‬ȷ́ȃ΋ηνΣΉȜΠ̱̹̞̞̠͂ဳ‫ݥ‬̜ͥ͂৽ಫ̳ͥȪGudykunst, 2004ȫȪdesire to communicateȫ̦̫̈́ͦ͊Ȅෝႁ͈࢜ષ͉̞̈́ȃ̩͂ͅΫΐΥΑ͈ଲ‫͉́ٮ‬Ḙ͈̏ਅ͈ဳ‫͈ݥ‬ഽࣣ̞̦ถ̫ͦ͊Ȅഐ୨̥̾࢘‫ض‬എ̈́࢐ખ͉བ͚͓̩̞̈́͜ȃ̱̹̦̽̀Ȅփেഎͅ‫̩ޑ‬བ͚ຈါ̦̜ͥȃȁ଎ນ 1ȁΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋෝႁ͈ 4 ఱါள

˧

˯

˝

˩

౶ে

Α΅σȆܿෝ

ఠഽȆউସ

൲‫ܥ‬

ȪKnowledgeȫ

ȪSkillsȫ

ȪAttitudeȫ

ȪMotivationȫ

2 Ȩbiz-languacultureȩ̞̠͂΋ϋΓίΠ
ల 2 ડȶ ΋ η ν Σ Ή Ȝ Ώ ο ϋ ͉Ȅ ί υ Γ ΑȪAn Overview of theCommunication Processȫȷ͉́Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈අ଻ٜͬ୰̱ȄιΛΓȜΐอ૞৪͈ȶփ଎ȆփএȆ‫ܨ‬঵̻ȆͺͼΟͻͺȷͬ௖਀ͅഥో̳
48

ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

7̭̦ͥ͂Ȅ̞̥ͅඳ̱̞̥ͬठࣉ̳ͥȃ̷͈ષ́Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈೰݅ͬদ͙ͥȃ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοῧ͉Ȅȶ࡞ဩȷ̜̞͉ͥȶ࡞ဩ̞ͣ̈́͢ͅȷΏϋδσͬဥ̞̀ȄփেഎͅιΛΓȜΐͬഥ̢̠̳࣐͂ͥ͢և̜́ͥȃ̱̥̱Ȅփ଎̳ͥιΛΓȜΐ͉؉ș̱̀ͅ໐໦എ̱̥ͅഥ̞ͩͣ̈́ȃ̶̈́̈́ͣȄ̞̥̈́ͥอ૞৪͂਋૞৪‫̯ͥͦͩ࢐ͅۼ‬ιΛΓȜΐ̜̹̱́̽͂̀͜Ȅ̷̸͈ͦͦ΋ϋΞ΅ΑΠ͞ࠐࡑ࿤͉Ȅ։̥̜̈́ͥͣ́ͥȃ̱̹̦̽̀Ȅ਱஠̈́΋ηνΣΉȜΏοῧ̢̞̠͈͉̜̞ͤ̈́͜ȃȪ௷ၛȟຶ‫ؖ‬Ȅ36 βȜΐȫষ̞́ȄΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοῧ͉‫̥ة‬Ȅ̞̠̭̞͂͂̾̀ͅ
ࣉ̢ͥȃΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͉Ȅ̢̹͂͊ȂήȜϋ͕̥ͥ͢ͅ
͂Ȅո‫̠͈͢ͅئ‬೰̫̞݅̿ͣͦ̀ͥȃCommunication, the meaningful exchange of information throughmessages between one person or group to another, is a composite
of everything we do and sayȅ Business communication ȝ thecommunication required of an organization in both its internal andexternal environments ȝ is complex and variedȅ
ȪBoone, et. al., 1997ȫȪ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȄ̳̻̈́ͩࡢ૽‫͉̹͘ۼ‬ΈσȜί‫̫̤ͥͅۼ‬ιΛΓȜΐ̱͈ͬٚ̀փ̜݅ͥૂ༭࢐͉۟Ȅِș͈࡞൲̳͓͈̀ໝࣣఘ́
̜ͥȃ̢͠ͅȄΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ ȝ ழ૕͈ඤഎȆ‫ٸ‬എ஼༷͈۪‫ͅޏ‬ຈါ̯͂ͦͥ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ ȝ ͉Ȅໝॠ̥̾ఉအ
ͬޭ͛ͥȃȫ
ȁȁȁȁȁȁȁ
49

8ີȁআȁაȁ஽ήȜϋ͕̥̭͈ͥ͢ͅ೰͉݅Ȅ۰ྶ͉̜̦́ͥȄ̱̥̱ۖ஠͉̞́̈́ȃ̶̈́̈́ͣȄ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋͅఉఱ̈́‫̳͖ݞͬޣג‬໲‫ا‬Ȫcultureȫ̞̠͂ণത̞̱͉̈́ষࡓ̦ࠧ၂̱̞̥̜̀ͥͣ́ͥȃ̢̹͂͊Ȅͺ΄Ȝ͈ȶ࡞ဩ͂໲‫ྟ̜͉ͤ͘͜ͅا‬୪ͅ၁͙̜̞͈̽̀ͥ́Ḙ͈̏ 2 ͈̾ဥࢊͬ༆șͅဥ̞͈͉̩ͥ́̈́ȄȨlanguacultureȩ̞̠͂ 1 ͈̾ဥࢊ̱͂̀ဥ̞͓ͥ
̧̜́ͥȷ̞̠͂৽ಫȪAgar, 1994ȫ̜̠ͥ͜͢ͅͅȄ໲‫͉ࢊ࡞͂ا‬୨ͤၗ̵̞̈́‫̜ͥͅ߸۾‬ȃຊ৪̹̻͉ȄΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈೰̫݅̿ͅయ̢̀ȄȨbizȪΫΒȆρϋ΄΃σΙλȜȫ̞̠͂΋ϋΓίΠͬ೹੹̳ͥȃ
languacultureȩ
Ȩbiz-languacultureȩ͉͂Ȅஜ੄͈ͺ΄Ȝ͈৽ಫ̜́ͥȨlanguacultureȩͅȄȨbusinessȩ̞̠͂ষࡓͬ೏‫̱ح‬Ȅົᘹ̱̹௮ࢊ̜́ͥȃ̷͈փྙ̳̭͉ͥ͂ͧ ȝȝ
࡞ဩ͂໲‫ྟ͉ا‬୪ͅ၁͙̜̞̽̀ͥȃ̭ͦͣͬȄΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοῧ̞̠იழ͙͈ಎ́ࣉ̢̧ͥ͂Ȅ໲‫͈ا‬ȄΫΐΥᾼ‫͖ݞ‬̳ͼϋΩ·Π͉͂̀͜‫͈̞́ޑ‬Ḙ͈̏ 3 ͈̾ဥࢊͬ༆șͅဥ̞͈ͥ
͉̩́̈́ȄȨbiz-languacultureȩ̞̠͂ 1 ͈̾ဥࢊ̱͂̀௴̢Ȅএࣉ̧̳͓̜ͥ́ͥȃȪ௷ၛȟຶ‫ؖ‬Ȅ36 βȜΐȫ

3;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋഎএࣉ ȝȶ֑̞ȷͅ‫̫ͥطͬޘ‬ల 4 ડȶ ։ ໲ ‫ ا‬΋ η ν Σ Ή Ȝ Ώ ο ϋ ͈ ུ ৗȪThe Nature ofIntercultural Communicationȫȷ ́ ͉Ȅȶ ໲ ‫ ̥ ة ͉ ͂ ا‬ȷ ͂ ̞ ̠ ఱ ̧ ̈́ΞȜζ̞̾̀ͅठࣉ̳ͥȃ̷̱̀Ȅਲြ͈ඵࣜచၛഎ଎৆Ȫ႕Ƚ HighContext Culture vs. Low Context Cultureȫ̥ͣ౎‫̱ݕ‬Ȅͤ͢‫̈́ڲ׫‬΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋͬ৘க̳̹ͥ͛ͅȄȶ։̈́ͥ໲‫̫ͥطͬޘͅا‬ȷদ͙࣐̠ͬȃ̹͘ȄαΥΛΠ͈ȶ։໲‫ۜ ا‬਋଻อജκΟσȷȪBennette, 1986ȫͬતজ̹̻̦Ȅু໦͈࡞൲͞‫ث‬౵۷͂։͈̈́ͥ͜
ȪɁ։໲‫ا‬ȫ̳ٚͥȃ଎ນ 2 ͉Ȅ50ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

9ͅచ̱̀া̳ങ߿എ฽؊Ȫۜ਋଻ȫͬȄίυΓᾼ؊̲̀୰ྶ̱̹κΟσ̜́ͥȃ଎ນ 2 The Developmental Model of Intercultural SensitivityȪ։໲‫ۜا‬਋଻อജκΟσȫ⥄ᢥൻਛᔃਥ⟵ᢥൻ⋧ኻਥ⟵ಽ᳓⇇   ุቯ    㒐ⴡ   Ꮕ⇣ᦨዊൻ     ฃኈ    ㆡᔕ    ⛔ว̭͈κΟσ͈डਞ౲‫ٴ‬ȶൡࣣȪintegrationȫ
ȷͅಕ࿒̱̹̞ȃαΥΛΠ͉Ḙ͈̏౲‫ͬٴ‬ո‫̠͈͢ͅئ‬೰̫݅̿ͥȃThe internalization of bicultural or multicultural frames ofreferenceȅ Maintaining a definition of identity that isȨmarginalȩ
to any particular cultureȅ Seeing one's self asȨin processȩȅ
ȪȬൡࣣ͉͂ȭ2̾ոષ͈։̈́ͥ໲‫ͬํ͈ܰا‬ඤ࿂‫̭̳͂ͥا‬ȃ͈̓අ೰͈໲‫خ̦̭̳͂ͥ௺͜ͅا‬ෝ̜̦́ͥȄ๱৽ၠ̜̭́ͥ͂ͅুࡨͬ֋
঵̳̭ͥ͂ȃুࡨͬȶً೾ȷ͈ಎͅࡉ੄̳̞̠̭͂͂ȃȫ̳̻̈́ͩȄ։̈́ͥ‫ث‬౵۷͞২ٛܰํͅచ̱̀Ȅু໦͈໲‫ํܰا‬ȪΨȜϋρϋΡ̢͈̹͂ͬৰͤͦ͊ȄȶএࣉΩΗȜϋ͈‫ڒ‬ঊȷȫ́చ؊̳͈͉ͥ́̈́
̩Ȅ௖਀͈̭͂ͬࣉ̢ȄુͅȄඤ̈́ͥܰํͬ་‫̵̫̞̯ͥ̀ا‬౲‫ͬٴ‬ঐ̳ȃຊ৪̹̻͉Ḙ͈̏೰݅͜ͅȄ‫ٳऺޗ‬อ͈༷࢜଻̹͂̈́̽ȶ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋഎএࣉͬူ̠̭͂ȷ̞̠͂ါளͬࡉ੄̱̹ȃ۟࡞̳ͦ͊Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ଼ͬၛ̵̯̹ͥ͛ͅȄ̻͈̓ͣ໲‫͈ا‬იழ͙ͬဥ̞̹ͣၻ̞̥̞͂
5110ີȁআȁაȁ஽̠ਹါ̈́‫ه‬ఴ̞̾̀ͅȄȶൡࣣȷ̞̠͂౲‫͉ٴ‬Ȅࡽ̞ͅȄ௖਀͈Ȅু໦͉͂։࣐̈́ͥ൲ܰํ͞‫ث‬౵‫ܖ‬੔ͅ෻ၪ̱̾̾Ȅ஼༷ͅࡉࣣ̹̽૧̱̞໲‫ͬا‬୆͙੄̳͓̩Ȅ̞ͩͥ͠ȶ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋȷ͈ٜࠨॐͬౝ̞̠ͥ͂‫͈ޭݪ‬౲‫ ̹̜ͥͅٴ‬ȝ ̞̠͂ȄαΥΛΠ̦࡞‫̞̞̱̈́̀ݞ‬ٜ৷ͬাऐ̳ͥȃ̭͈̭͂ͬ৾ͤષ̬̹͈̦Ȅల 3 ͈ͼϋίςΉȜΏοΰ̜ͥȃ4ͺ΍ȜΏοῧ̞̠۷ത
ల 6 ડȶ ඾ ུ ৆ ͺ ΍ Ȝ Ξ ͻ ήȆ ΋ η ν Σ Ή Ȝ Ώ ο ϋȪAssertive

Communication Japanese Styleȫȷ͉́Ȅ඾ུ૽͈΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆΑΗͼσ̞̾̀ͅȄɃͺ΍ȜΏοϋɄ̞̠͂۷ത̥ͣ٨͛̀૦ͤ༐͙̽̀
̭̱̹ͥ͂ͅȃྶ୞ࢫࡓ࣭Ⴒমྩষ͈ۗ࡞ဩͬৰͤͦ͊Ȅȶͺις΃͈͢
̠ͅນໍర́࿒ၛ̠̾͢ͅఈ࣭ͬ๱ඳ̱ଽহഎٚව̳͈ͬͥ͜ 1 ͈̾ΑΗͼσ̺̦Ȅ࿒ၛ̹̩̈́͂͜௖਀࣭͈࿂ঊͬ༗̻̦̈́ͣକ࿂‫࢐́ئ‬ખ̳ͥ඾ུഎͺίυȜΙ͉࣭ष‫̢͂ͥࣉͬ߸۾‬ਹါ̺ȷ̞̠̭͂͂̈́ͥͅȃɃ඾ུഎͺίυȜΙ̜̞͉ͥၠܻɄ̞̠̭͈͂͂ͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋ̞̾̀ͅȄজ̹̻͉ࣉख़̱Ȅষ୯ͅ࡞‫ب̠̳̈́ͥ͢ݞ‬୰ͬၛ͙̹̀̀ȃԈ 1 ͈̾‫ب‬୰
1ΫΐΥΑ͉ఱ૽͈ॽম̜́ͥ
জ̹̻̦‫ٳऺޗ‬อͅ൚̹ͤȄߎၪ̱̹͈͉Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋა͈୶ૺ࣭̜́ͥͺις΃อ͈੨‫ٽ‬ැͬȄ඾ུͅ൵ව̳ͥͅ൚̹ͤȄȶ̭̓́͘඾ུ૽‫ڠ‬୆̫̥͙࢜ͅय̫̜̠̥ͥ́ͧȷ̞̠͂ത̜̹́̽ȃ̷̭͉ͅȄ‫ڠ‬୆͜‫ޗ‬঍͂͜͜ͅ઺ͤ‫̢̞̫̈́ͣ̈́͊ͦ̈́ק‬ȶ࡞ဩ͂໲‫ا‬͈ࣽ৹̞૽̹̻͉
ȶ૽Ȫlanguacultureȫ͈༃ȷ̞̠͈̦̜͂ͥ͜ȃ̯͉ͣͅȄ‫߸۾ۼ‬ȷ͞ȶႤঃȷ͈̈́̓‫ུܖ‬എ̈́ম໻̞̾̀͜ͅȄ਱໦ͅ‫̧̞̀́ͭڠ‬52ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

11̞̞̠̈́͂ম৘̦̜ͥȃ̱̹̦̽̀ȄΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοῧ̢͉̞Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋაഎͅȄΫΐΥΑ͈‫ړ‬૤Ȫ̢̹͂͊Ȅȶ࢐ખমȷȫ
ͅව̞̩͈͉̽̀ͅྫၑ̦̜ͥȄ̞̠͂෇ে̦জ̹̻͉̜̹̽ͅȃ̭͈̭͈͂ࣾඳ଻̞͉̾̀ͅȄ൥๶Ȇ௷ၛ͜৏ຊͅ४‫̹̱ح‬ȄȸΫΐΥΑ͂։໲‫͈ا‬ͺ·ΞͻήȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȹȪ൝ಠȫ́Ȅ̾͂ͅএ̞
ේ̧̹̭̜̹ͭ́͂́̽ȃ൳੥͉̭͈ਝ 4 क़࿒̢̹̦ͬࠞȄჃͦ໳̩͂
̭ͧͥ͂͢ͅḘ͈̏Ξ΅ΑΠͬ‫ڠ‬໐͈୺࿝Δη̜̞͉ͥఱ‫͈֭ڠ‬Δήঀဥ̱̞̀ͥତఱ‫ڠ‬ȪC ఱ‫ڠ‬ȄD ఱ‫ڠ‬ȄM ఱ‫ڠ‬ȄO ఱ‫ڠ‬Ȅ̷̱̀Ȅུ‫͈ڠ‬൥๶๼ऎ୶୆͈਎ުȫ́Ȅ‫ڠ‬୆̦֚๔̴̭͈͉̀ͥȄ൳੥͈ల 6 ડȶ࣭ष࢐ખ͈Α΅σ ȝ ۜૂ͂აၑ͈ΨρϋΑȷ̺̞̠͂ȃ̭͈ડ͈ै଼͉ͅȄຊ৪͜‫ۼ‬୪എͅࠈͩͤȄडਞࣂ̤́͘਀ഥ̞̱̹͈̩ܱ́͢‫̦̞̱ͥ̀؛‬Ȅ‫̥ͅږ‬ȄΫΐΥΑͬ૯ୃ࿂৾ͤͅષ̬̹̭͈ડ͉Ȅ਋࣒୆ͅȶࠐ‫ڠא‬ȷȶ੸‫ڠ‬ȷ͈‫ܖ‬ய౶ে͉࡞̠ͅ‫̴͊ݞ‬ȄȶཟօაȪίρΑȄ࣭ष੸৾֨აȫȷ͈౶েͬ͜‫͛ݥ‬Ȅ̷͈ͦͣ౶েͅ‫̹̞̿ܖ‬Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈ၑაͬജ‫ٳ‬̱̞̀ͥȃ৘க̫͈͒࢜̀փဳഎ̈́ɃΑ΅σȆΠτȜΣϋΈɄ͈̥̤̈́ͅ
̢̞̯̀Ȅယ৥͈̞̈́এࣉႁͬါ‫̜͈̞̱ͥ́ͥ̀ݥ‬ȃ̭̭̞̠́ȶယ৥͈̞̈́এࣉႁȷ͉͂ȄΫΐΥΑࠐࡑ͈̞̈́‫ڠ‬୆ͅచ̱̀͜Ȅȶ‫ڠ‬ਠ̳ͥȷ̭͂ͤ͢ͅȄȶ‫̢̀ࣉ̥͂ة‬Ȅ൞̢ͬ੄̵ȷ̞̠͂Ȅ‫ޗ‬̢ͥ௰͈‫ܐ‬བͬփྙ̳ͥȃ̢̹͂Ȅ̷͈‫ܐ‬བ̈́ͤါ‫͉ͤ̈́ݥ‬ఏ൚̺̳͂ͥ
͜Ȅ‫͈̱̀͂ူޗ‬ȶΫΐΥΑ͈ ABCȷ͈౶ে̳ͣ૸̫̞̞̾̀̈́ͅଲయ
̠̓ͅഥ̢̥ͥȃ‫̢ͥޗ‬௰̷͉̤̩ͣߗ̳̭̦ٝͤͥ͂ఉ̞͈͉̞̥́̈́ȃ੸̞͉ଲ‫ͬٮ‬੘ͥȃ੸̞͉ଲ‫͐ࠫͬٮ‬ȃ੸̞͈ଲ‫͉̭͈͂ٮ‬ఊࡣ͈ଡ଼̥
ͣȄȪාႢ͉̩͂ͅͅ‫̞͈̈́߸۾‬ষࡓ͈̭͉̜͈͈͂́ͥ͜ȫȶఱ૽͈ॽমȷ
̜́ͥȃ̺̳͂ͦ͊Ȅ‫ڠ‬୆͉ȄȶΫΐΥΑȆ࡞ဩȆ໲‫ا‬Ȫbiz-languacultureȫ
͈༃ȷ͜ͅೄ࿂̳̭ͥ͂̈́ͥͅȃ਋࣒୆͈̹͈͛Ȅ̞ͩ͊ȶ੄࢛Ȫeasy way outȫȷͬ‫̀͛ݥ‬Ȅ൚‫شޗڂ‬੥͈ஜ฼໐́জ̹̻̦দ͙̞͈͉̀ͥȄଲ͈ಎ͉̯̰̈́͘͘ͅ΋ϋές·5312ີȁআȁაȁ஽ΠȪ༃ȫ̦ంह̳͈̺̞̠ͥ͂Ȅম৘͈ঐഊ̨̳̞̈́ͅḁ͉̑ͦͣȄȶ໲ྶ͈઩ඏ̥ȷ̞̠͂ΞȜζ͈͂͜ͅȄ‫ူޗ‬აഎͅജ‫͈̭̞̯ͥ̀ͦٳ‬ম৘ͅ‫̧̿ܨ‬Ȅ̷͈౶েͅ‫̞̀̿ܖ‬Ȅຊ৪̹̻̦೹੹̳ͥȄ඾ུ͈΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋა͈໦࿤͉́๤‫ڛ‬എ૧̱̞‫ٽ‬ැ̜́ͥȶͺ΍ȜΏοϋȷ̞̠͂‫ٽ‬ැͅ߃̴̞̩͉̜̿̀́ͥ͠ȃ̷͈̹͈͛‫ب‬୰Ȫࢃ੆ȫͬၛ̹̀ȃ‫ب‬୰ͬ৘બ༹̳̹͈༷ͥ͛

2ষβȜΐͅ੆͓̠ͥ̈́͢‫ب‬୰ͅ‫̧̿ܖ‬Ȅ΂ȜΟͻͺϋΑ̫͈࢜ 3 ਅ႒͈ࡔࣂͬ੔๵̱Ȅ௷ၛ̷̸̦ͦͦࡢ༆͈ા́อນ̱̹ȃ̷͈࿒എ͈ 1 ͉̾Ȅ‫ب‬୰͈ခ࢘଻ͬౝ̭̜̹ͥ͂́̽ȃӱ਎ުΦȜΠȪ6 βȜΐ & 5 βȜΐȫȆ΂ȜΟͻͺϋΑȇུ‫͈ڠ‬ȶΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȷ‫ش‬࿒͈਋࣒୆Ȇอນ඾͂ાਫ਼ȇ2005ා & 2006ා͈ਝ‫ܢڠ‬ȟ‫ޗ‬৒̤̞̀ͅ

Ӳ‫ڠ‬͈ٛࡄ‫ݪ‬༭࣬ဥτΐνιȪ16 βȜΐȫȆΞȜζȇȶͺ΍ȜΞͻήȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȷȆ΂ȜΟͻͺϋΑȇ࣭षΫΐΥΑ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ‫ڠ‬ٛ ‫۾‬൐঑໐֥ٛȆอນ඾͂ાਫ਼ȇ2007ා4࠮21඾ȟಎ؇ఱ‫΅׬ڢࢃڠ‬λϋΩΑӳ࣒‫׵‬ٛဥτΐνιȪ14 βȜΐȫȆΞȜζȇȶ౳͂੫͈చდ͉͂ȷ
Ȇ΂ȜΟͻͺϋΑȇ൐दٛ ֥ٛȪ40యȡ70య๊͈֚૽ȫȆอນ඾͂ાਫ਼ȇ2007ා7࠮14඾ȟ‫౓ק‬ঌಎ؇ঌྦྷٛ‫܁‬ષܱӱȡӳ͈̳͓̤̞̀̀ͅȄͺϋΉȜΠ಺औȪచય৪ࠗ 121 ྴȫͬ৘ঔ̱̹ȃȶুࡨ૷౯ȇ̜̹͈̈́΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆΑΗͼσ͉ȉȷ̞̠͂ͺ54ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

13ϋΉȜΠ͈ບ‫༹͉ث‬Ȅӱȡӳ͈෻ື঩ၳ̤̞̀ͅ։̈́ͥȪ႕ȝӱ͉́Ȅ

5 ౲‫ٴ‬ບ‫༷ث‬৆ȃӲ͂ӳ͉́Ȅ3 ౲‫ͅٴ‬་ࢵȫȃ̹͘Ȅࣜ࿒ඤယ̞̾̀͜ͅȄΪͺςϋΈ͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅ๷ྥͅ་ࢵ̱̹‫ؿ‬ਫ਼̦̜ͥȃडਞഎ͉ͅȄ‫͈ྎے‬

Appendix 2 ͅ‫̬ͥݷ‬ນͅ၂̻಍̞̹ȃո‫ͅئ‬ȄӲ͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬༭࣬ࢃͅอ࣐̯̹ͦȄȶ࣭षΫΐΥΑ΋ηνΣΉȜΏο
Ȫ2007 ා 9 ࠮อ࣐ȫਫ਼श͈༭࣬ါকͬȄ̷͈ϋ‫ڠ‬ٛ ‫۾‬൐঑໐ٛ༭ 74 ࣢ȷ͘͘ഢश̳ͥȃ࿚ఴփেΫΐΥΑ͈၌‫̦ٺ‬చၛ̧̱̹͂Ȅ̷͈൚ম৪̹̻͉Ȅ‫̱̥̀͂ة‬࿚ఴٜͬࠨ̱̹̞͂‫̠̺̠ͧܐ‬ȃ࿚ఴ͈ਫ਼ह̦Ȅࡢ૽‫ۼ‬Ȇܑު‫ۼ‬Ȇ࣭‫̜̭͈̀̽́͂͜ۼز‬ȃ͉̹̹͘Ȅ̷͈ͦͣτασͬ࢐ओ̳ͥ͞
๛ͬ͞࿚̴ͩȃȁ̷͈̠̈́͢ष͈ȶ‫಺ފ‬എ࿚ఴٜࠨ༹Ȫthe art ofconstructive conflict managementȫȷ͈ˍ̾ͬȄ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈ȶΑΗͼσȷͅ‫̥̞̈́ͦͣ͛ݥ‬Ȅ̞̠͈̦͂༭͈࣬ΞȜζ̜́ͤȄ࿚ఴփে̜̹́̽ȃ̞̩̥͈̾ड૧঩ၳ͂ͺϋΉȜΠ಺औͅ‫̧̿ܖ‬Ȅ༭࣬৪͉Ȅষ͈̠̈́͢‫ب‬୰ͬၛ̹̀ȃ‫ب‬ȁȁ୰
̹ুࡨ৽ಫͅಿ̫̹Ȅ̞ͩͥ͠ȶͺ΍ȜΞͻήȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȷ͈ࡄ‫͉ݪ‬Ȅ߃ාȄ඾ུ́৾ͤ͜ષ̬ͣͦই̞͛̀ͥȃ̱̥̱Ȅ̷͈ণത͉Ȅങ߿എͅȄͺις΃ၠܻ̜́ͥȃ۟࡞̳ͦ͊Ȅȶͺ΍ȜΞͻήȷ̈́΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆΑΗͼσ͉Ȅ̽͋ͣ͜؎ༀ૽͈ංփ̳͂ͥ໦
࿤̜́ͥ͂Ȅ๞ِ͂͜ͅ૞̲̞̀ͥȃȁ‫̷̥̠̜̠̱̹ͧ́̀ض‬ȃ୶๊͈༭͉࣬́Ȅຊ৪͉Ȅ̷ͦͬ๛೰̱̞̈́́͘͜Ȅ৘͉Ȅͺΐͺ૽̭5514ີȁআȁაȁ஽̷Ȅͺ΍ȜΏοῧ̞̠̭͈͂ȶޭփȷͬତ୷ා͈Ⴄঃ͈ඤͅȄ౶̴ͣ౶̴͈̠̻ͣͅȄഥઇ̱Ȅٛං̱̞͈͉̞̥̀ͥ́̈́Ȅ̞̠͂‫ب‬୰ͬ೮া̱Ȅ̷ͦͬȄȶͺΐͺ͈֚‫ڙ‬ȷ̥ͣબྶ̳͓̩ͥȄষ͈ˑ͈̾
۷ത̥ͣȄა̲̹ȃ൐ୌ͈ȶచდΑΗͼσȷ͈๤‫ڛ‬ӱ඾ུ૽͉؎ༀ૽ͅ๤͓̀Ȅুࡨ৽ಫ͈ഽࣣ̞̦ઁ̞̈́͂࡞̤ͩͦ̀
ͤȄ๛೰എ̈́ͤ͂ͤͬ͞๰̫Ȅႛܻୃ̱̩૦ͥໍ̤̠̳͂ͥɃ‫ۼ‬୪എ̈́చდΑΗͼσɄͬࢡ͚ȃ඾ུ૽͈๼ඃ̥̱̞ͦ̈́͜ȃ̱̥̱Ȅଲ‫ٮ‬ͬ௖਀ͅΫΐΥΑ̱̫̞࡛ͬ̈́ͦ͊̈́ͣ̈́య̤̞͉̀ͅȄༀ࣭ၠ͈Ƀ
ೄ୪എచდΑΗͼσɄͬྫণ̳̫͉̞̥̞ͥͩ̈́ͅȃজ̹̻ু૸͈΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆΑΗͼσͬ૦ͤ༐ͥຈါ̦̜ͥȃӲͺ΍ȜΞͻή̈́చდ̦ຈါ̈́ˏ͈̾ၑဇӳͺ΍ȜΞͻήȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈೰݅ু໦͈ࣉ̢͞‫ܨ‬঵̻ͬະຈါͅဲ̵̴̢̭͉ͥ͂Ȅু໦͈ࡀ၌ͬ৿

̦ͤ̈́ͣȄ௖਀͈࡞̞໦̩͜͢ͅীͬ߹̫Ȅచၛത͜ͅ෻ၪͬা̱̾
̾Ȅો̞ͦ̈́ത̞͉̾̀ͅ৽ಫ̳̭ͥ͂ȃӴ̜ͥ΍Λ΃Ȝ඾ུయນ '06 ͈Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ଼ࢗ႕ӵ࣭षໍర͈́඾ུ૽͈஛̥̈́͞Ȅͺ΍ȜΞͻήȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ႕ȪΑ΅σ།ȫࠫȁȁა ȝ ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋ‫ࢹ߸۾‬ಃ͈̹͛ͅ
‫࣭̦ࢊם‬षࢊ̜́ͥոષȄ̩͂ͅΫΐΥΑ͈ଲ‫͉́ٮ‬Ȅ඾ུ૽͉̽͂͜ͺ΍ȜΏοϋ͈ਹါ଻ͅ‫̩̿ܨ‬ຈါ̦̜ͥȃ‫ڳ‬൥̦̜̜͕ͦ͊ͥ̓Ȅ௖਀͈փࡉͬఄਹ̳ͥఠഽ̦‫ͥͦͣ͛ݥ‬ȃ̷̱̀ȶ‫̫ͥطͬޘ‬ဥփ̦̜ͥȷ̭͂ͬ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋഎ೹մ̽̀͢ͅা̳͉ͅȄͺ΍ȜΞͻή̈́΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆΑΗͼσ̰ͬ͂ͣͥͬං̞̺̠̈́ͧȃ̷͉ͦ
56

ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

15̯͕̓ඳ̱̞̭͉̞͂́̈́ȃ̶̈́̈́ͣ͊Ȅ඾ུၠܻ͈ͺ΍ȜΏοϋ͈ୈ૰Ȫউସȫ͉Ȅ؎ༀ̷͈ͦͅੳ͈̦ͥ͜ȄഥൡഎͅஆहഎͅȄ̜̥̜ͥͣ́ͥȃ௷̞͈͉ͤ̈́Ȅͺ΍ȜΏοϋȆΠτȜΣϋΈ̜́ͥȃԉ ͂͛͂ࣽ͘ࢃ͈‫ه‬ఴ൚‫͉ऺޗڂ‬ȶࣉ̢ͥႁȷͬူ̠ɁȪ‫ူޗ‬ႁ͈ူ଼ȫ̞̠͂ণതͬ͜໵̵̽͜
̞̭̀ͥ͂ͬ‫̧̞̹̤̱̀಺ޑ‬ȃȸ࣭‫͈ز‬຦‫ڒ‬ȹͬಠ̱̹൥ࡔୃ຃ȆࢄಋΦକ੫ঊఱ‫ޗڠ‬਎͉Ȅ඾ུ૽͈‫ူޗ‬ႁ͈೩‫̢͖̤ͬۜܥܓͅئ‬Ȅȸ໲ᩖ੉ਝȹ
ͅȶ‫ူޗ‬ၛ࣭ΣΛεϋȷ̞̠͂ΗͼΠσ́‫̞̱ͥ̀ࣂܙ‬ȃ൥ࡔ‫ޗ‬਎͉Ȅ‫ޗ‬ူ͉ࠐफ͂໼ၛ̳͕ͥ̓ఱ୨̜́ͥ͂୰̩ȃ̷̱̀Ȅ̷͈ຈါ଻̞̾̀ͅȄӱ‫͉ူޗ‬ఱޫ۷ͬူ̠ȄӲ‫ۼ૽͉ူޗ‬എྛႁͬࣞ͛ͥȄӳ‫͉ူޗ‬඾ུ૽͈࣭໻̜́ͥȄӴ‫૽͉ူޗ‬୆͈࿱̱͙̜́ͥȄӵ‫͉ူޗ‬඾ུ૽̱͈͂̀ࡶ̜ͤ́ͥ ȝ ͂ঐഊ̳ͥȃӱ͈Ȅȶఱޫ۷ȷͬူ̠̭͉͂Ȅ̯͘ͅȶ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋഎএࣉȷͬူ̠̭͂͜ͅ௖೒̴ͥȃ̹͘Ȅडਞડ́࡞‫̞̱ͥ̀ݞ‬ȶζ΢Ȝȷ̞̠͂۷ത͜ਹါ̈́ါள̜́ͥȃༀ࣭ιςȜρϋΡఱ‫ ࣭ם͂ڠ‬BBC ̦ 27 ΃࣭࿩ 2 ྔ 8 ୷૽ͬచય࣐̽ͅ
̹‫ވ‬൳ଲა಺औ͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅȶଲ‫ͅٮ‬ड͜ၻ̞‫͉࣭̞̱̹ͥ̀ͣͬ͜ޣג‬඾ུ͂΃΢Θȷ̜̹́̽ȃ̹͘Ȅༀ࣭ΥΛΠܑު΀·ΑβΟͻͺ̦Ȅ؎ਗ͈γΞσ‫߸۾‬৪ 1 ྔ 5 ୷૽ͬచયͅ৘ঔ̱̹಺औ́͜Ȅ඾ུ૽͉ȶडၻ͈‫ݖ‬ȷͅ஖̹͊ͦȪȸඋค૧໳ȹ
Ȅ2007 ා 11 ࠮ 23 ඾ȫȃ̭͈ࠫ‫͉ͅض‬Ȅ඾ུ૽͈ζ΢Ȝ࣐ܻ͈͞ၻ̯̦฽‫̢̠͢࡞̞̯͂ͥ̀ͦד‬ȃडࢃͅḘ͈̏ধ࿂ͬৰͤ̀Ȅུ‫ͬऺޗ‬਎ު́ဥ̞͈̀ۜேͬ੆̧͓̤̀
̹̞ȃ਋࣒୆̹̻͉ȄKSAM ̞̠͂იழ͙͈ਹါ଻̩ͬ͢௴̢Ȅ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋུ͈ৗ෤՜͈ల 1 ༜ͬྫমͅ൩͙੄̱̹̠͕̱́̽͂̀͢
57

16ີȁআȁაȁ஽̞ͥȃࣽࢃ͉Ȅ‫ٳऺޗ‬อً͈೾́ࡉ੄̯̹ͦͼϋίςΉȜΏοϋ̞̾̀ͅȄ̯ͣͅߡͤ‫ࣉ̬̀ئ‬ख़̱Ȅȶ৘க̧̈́ၑა͉ߗ‫̦̜ͥ́ݹ‬Ȅၑა̧̈́৘க
͉‫̜ͥ́ࡏܓ‬ȷȪ૧ཱȄ2006ȫ̞̠͂୰ͬఄਹ̱Ȅ‫֗ޗ‬Ȇࡄ‫ͅݪ‬୆̧̥̱̹̞̀͂͠ࣉ̢ͥȃ४ࣉ໲ࡃ

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CommunicationȄ4th ed., Sage Publicationsȅ
ȒȒȒȮ2004ȯTheorizing about Intercultural Communication, Sage Publicationsȅ
GudykunstȄW. B. and ModyȄB.Ȫeds.ȫȮ2002ȯHandbook of International andIntercultural CommunicationȄ2nd ed., Sage Publicationsȅ
Hofstede, G.Ȯ2001ȯCulture's Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors,
Institutions and Organizations across NationsȄ2nd ed., Sage Publicationsȅ
Hofstede, G. and Hofstede, G. J.Ȯ2005ȯCultures and Organizations: Softwareof the MindȄ2nd ed., McGraw Hillȅ
ȨA research paradigm for international business
KamedaȄN.Ȯ2005ȯ
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ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

17communicationȄȩCorporate Communications: An International JournalȄ
Volȅ 10ȄNoȅ 2ȅ
ȒȒȒȮ2005ȯManaging Global Business CommunicationȄMaruzenȅ
TrompenaarsȄF. and WooliamsȄP.Ȯ2003ȯBusiness Across CulturesȄCapstone
Publishing LtdȅTrompenaarsȄF. and Hampden-TurnerȄC.Ȯ2004ȯManaging People AcrossCulturesȄCapstone Publishing Ltdȅȶ࣭ႁ̱͈͂̀΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋෝႁȷȸζΥΐιϋΠȆ΋௷ၛ࣐ঊȮ2000ȯηνΣΉȜΏοϋࡄ‫ݪ‬ȹల 1 ࣢ȄζΥΐιϋΠȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋࡄ‫ݪ‬ٛȅ
ȒȒȒȮ1995ȯȶTRADE CONFLICT AND COMMUNICATION : ඾ༀ͈చდ̶͉̈́‫ܥ‬ෝ̱̞͈̥̈́ȷȸ඾ུཟօ‫ڠ‬ٛා༭ JAFTȹల 32 ࣢ȅȶȲ໲ྶ͈઩ඏȳ಼̢ͬ̀ ȝ ࣧਗȆༀ࣭͂ APEC ΩȜΠ΢ȜΒȷȒȒȒȮ1995ȯȸέΐȆΫΐΥΑτΫνȜȹ4 ‫ ے‬2 ࣢ȅ௷ၛ࣐ঊȆೞࢬষȆ૞ో჊Ȫ༎ಠȫȮ2002ȯ
ȸ։໲‫͂ا‬ΫΐΥΑ͈ͺ·ΞͻήȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȹ൳໲‫܂‬ȅȸ໲ྶ͈઩ඏ͂ 21 ଲ‫͈ܮ‬඾ུȹȪႝ࿐৽୕΍ην΀σȆΧϋΙϋΠϋȮ2000ȯ࿫ȫਬ‫ם‬২ȅ൥‫ۖؖ‬হȮ1997ȯȶ‫ޗ‬঍̜́ͥজ͈อࡉ ȝ ਎ުςέτ·Ώοϋͥ͢ͅ਎ުࡄ‫ݪ‬ȷȸ‫֗ޗ‬ιΟͻͺࡄ‫ݪ‬Ȇૂ༭‫֗ޗ‬৘க΄ͼΡԅȇ‫ޗ‬঍̜́ͥজ͈อࡉȹ
൥ాঌ‫֗ޗ‬໲‫ا‬ΓϋΗȜȅ൥ࡔ౺๼Ȯ2007ȯȶࡧඊ̦୆͚ཕ௢Ⴧ૽ȷȸಱ඾૧໳ȹ2007 ා 11 ࠮ 14 ඾ȅ൥ࡔୃ຃Ȯ2007ȯȶ‫ူޗ‬ၛ࣭ΣΛεϋȷȸ໲ᩖ੉ਝȹ2007 ා 12 ࠮࣢ȅ૧ཱᥤȆฐ࿐ઌȪ༎ಠȫȮ2006ȯȁȸΈυȜΨσ੸৾֨͂໰௔ٜࠨȹ൳໲‫܂‬ȅȸ։໲‫ا‬ΠτȜΣϋΈ ȝ δȜสయ‫ނ‬ঊȆ಴ࠃၑঊȆ઀౻ࢼঊȆ֙‫ٵ‬࿻ঊȮ2000ȯΘτΑ২ٛͬ୆̧ͥȹ२ਘ২ȅสయ‫ނ‬ঊȆ࣏࿐એঊȆ๳࢛ယণঊȆ५ུ঎സȆ΋η΍υέ‫ܔ‬๼Ȯ2001ȯȸ։໲
‫ا‬΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆχȜ·ήΛ·ȹ२ਘ২ȅสయ‫ނ‬ঊ۬ਘȆႝ࿐ခࣝȮ2004ȯȸ࢐ખ͂ηΟͻ΀ȜΏοϋȁ‫಺ޑ‬എ࿚ఴٜࠨ
͈̹͈͛΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȹ२ਘ২ȅȶ඾ུȁల 6 ໐ȁ٬͈̭̠̥࢜ͣӳȷȸඋค૧໳ȹ2007 ා 11 ࠮ 23 ඾ȅ

59

18

ີȁআȁაȁ஽

Appendix 1ȇȸΫΐΥΑ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈̱̩͙ȹ࿒ষ

1
Chapter 1

An Introduction to CommunicationɘĲȁŌŔł ̞̠̭͂͂

002
003
003

ɘĳȁ௖਀͈‫ث‬౵۷ͅ‫̭͙͂ͥ̀̽״‬

004
004
004

Skill Training 01 Ƀ‫ث‬౵۷ͬඋ͙͂ͥɄ

ɘĴȁ‫̦ؠ‬ഥ̢̹̥̹̽‫̥ة‬

007

009
009

Q U I Z 01Ƀಎന͈ιΛΓȜΐɄ

010
011

Skill Training 02 Ƀಎന͈΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆΑΗͼσɄɘĵȁŅįŊįņį ̞̠͂෇౶ίυΓΑ

013
015
015

Q U I Z 02ɃαΥΠϋ͈εΑΗȜ̦ࢊ͈ͥ͜Ʉ

015
016

2
Chapter 2

An Overview of the Communication ProcessɘĲȁ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͉Ȃͤ͞ೄ̧̱̦̥̞̈́

022
022
022

Q U I Z 0360ɃΏϋδσ͈ະ‫଻ݙخ‬Ʉ

023

19

ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫɘĳȁWe cannnot not communicate

023
024
025

Q U I Z 04

ɃΏϋδσ͈Ᏻփ଻Ʉ

027

Skill Training 03 ɃΏϋδςΛ·ȆͼϋΗȜͺ·ΏοϋɄ029

ɘĴȁ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈࢐ၠκΟσ
Q U I Z 05

Ƀ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈ါளɄQ U I Z 06ɃιΛΓȜΐ͈ഥోΙλϋΥσɄ

031
032
032
032

033

034
034
035

ɘĵȁΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈೰݅͂κΟσ

035
035

036
037

Skill Training 04 ɃιΛΓȜΐ̦ࢋٜ̯̹ͦɄ

039

3
Chapter 3

The Nature of Language & Nonverbal Messages
044
Q U I Z 07ĲȁȨAlmost!ȩ

Ƀএࣉ͈‫ڒ‬ঊɄ

045
045
046

61

20

ີȁআȁაȁ஽Q U I Z 08Ƀࡣయ໲ྶɄ047

Q U I Z 09Ƀଲ‫͈ࢊ࡞͈ٮ‬ତɄ

050
050

051

ɘĳȁ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈ΑΗͼσ̞̠̭̞͂͂̾̀ͅ

052
052
054

Skill Training 05 Ƀ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȆΑΗͼσɄ

057

060
060
061
061
062
Q U I Z 10Ƀ૗ͬঀ̹̽‫ࢊם‬ນ࡛Ʉ

064

Q U I Z 11Ƀచ૽‫ݻ‬ၗɄ

065
066

Skill Training 06 ġġɃΫΐΥΑȆΩȜΕῧ͈̽̀ͅ
ȶୃ̱̞শ‫ۼ‬ȷ͉͂Ʉ069

4
Chapter 4

The Nature of Intercultural Communication074ɘĲȁ໲‫͈ا‬೰݅

074
075

ĳȁ
ȶ໲‫͈ا‬ോȷ̞̠͂κΟσ076ɘĳȁ։໲‫ا‬ະഐ؊̷͈͂చॐQ U I Z 12078Ƀ΀Α΃τȜΗȜ͈ၛ̻պ౾Ʉ

078

078

62

21

ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

080
082
082
083
Q U I Z 13̹Ƀ໲ྶ͈઩ඏ̥ȉɄ

083

̤͈ͦ

Ĵȁȶఈ͉ࡨ̴̈́ͣȷ
084

Skill Training 07 ɃAssumptionȪࠨ̥̥̭͛̀ͥ͂ȫ

087

̞̾̀ͅɄ

5
Chapter 5Some Advice for New Employees
092
092
Q U I Z 14Ƀ࿂୪̦ۗಕ࿒̱̞̀ͥါள͉͂Ʉ

092

093
094
095
095
096
097
099
099
100
100

Skill Training 08 Ƀ২ٛ૽̱͈͂̀࡞ဩࡍ̞Ʉ

101

63

22

ີȁআȁაȁ஽6
ȝ ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋ‫ࢹ߸۾‬ಃ͈̹͛ͅ
Chapter 6

Assertive Communication Japanese Style
105
107
107
110
110
111
111
112
̞ͩ

112
113
̞ͩ

113
114

ɘĵȁ̜ͥ΍Λ΃Ȝ඾ུయນ͈ͺ΍ȜΞͻήȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȪ৘႕ȫ

115
115

ĳȁ
ȶ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋ‫߸۾‬ȷࢹಃ͈̹͈͛΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋȝġΐνΫυȆΑΗͼσQ U I Z 15
Ƀ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋഎউସɄ

116
116
117
117

Q U I Z 16Ƀ࣭ष২ٛ́೒ဥ̳ͥ‫ࢊם‬ນ࡛͉ȉɄ

Skill Training 09 Ƀ̹̩̱ͩ໲Ȫ“I”MessagesȫɄĳȁȶ२༷֚ၰఅȷ͈౶ࠃ

119
121
123
123

ȝġ;ͻϋȆ;ͻϋ‫ࢹ߸۾‬ಃ͈̹͛ͅ
Skill Training 10 Ƀুࡨ৽ಫ߱ႯȪBeing AssertiveȫɄ

64

124
125

23

ΫΐΥΑȆ΋ηνΣΉȜΏοϋ͈‫ٳऺޗ‬อȪຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ௷ၛȫ

7
Chapter 7

Presentation Basics
130
131
132
Q U I Z 17

ɃI love you.Ʉ

132
133
134
134
134
135

Skill Training 11 Ƀ΍;ϋΡȆΑ·ςίΠɄ

138

8
Chapter 8

Manners Maketh Man
142
142
143

ĴȁȶΦͼΒȷ̈́̓Ȃ࿚ఴ͉̞́̈́ȉ

144
144
144
145
149
149
150
151

65

24

ີȁআȁაȁ஽

Appendix 2ȇুࡨ૷౯ͺϋΉȜΠ⥄Ꮖ⸻ᢿ㧦޽ߥߚߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠬ࠲ࠗ࡞ߪ㧫⡯႐߿ࡃࠗ࠻వߩห௥ߣ‫ޟ‬ᗧ⷗߇㘩޿㆑ߞߚߣ߈‫ߪߚߥ޽ޔޠ‬᥉Ბߤ߁޿ߞߚⴕേߦ಴߹ߔ߆‫ޕ‬(1)㨪(12)ߩ㗄⋡ࠍ⺒ࠎߢ‫ޔ‬ᒰߡߪ߹ࠆ⇟ภߦߘࠇߙࠇ٤ࠍߟߌߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬㧟 ߛ޿ߚ޿ᒰߡߪ߹ࠆ㧞 ߘ߁޿߁ߎߣ߽޽ࠆ㧝 ߶ߣࠎߤᒰߡߪ߹ࠄߥ޿

(1) ⋧ᚻ߇⥄ಽߩᗧ⷗ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇߡߊࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿ߩߢ‫ޔ‬ഀߣᒝߊਥᒛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
3 --------

2 --------

1

3 --------

2 --------

1

3 --------

2 --------

1

3 --------

2 --------

1(2) ߽߼ࠆߩ߇ህߥߩߢ‫⋧ޔ‬ᚻߩᗧ⷗ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬(3) ߢ߈ࠆ㒢ࠅ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽ߽⋧ᚻ߽ḩ⿷ߢ߈ࠆᣇᴺࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬(4) ⋧ᚻࠍᔶࠄߖߚߊߥ޿ߩߢ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽ߇ᚒᘟߔࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬(5) ⼏⺰ߦ߅޿ߡߪൎߟߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠄ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߩᗧ⷗ࠍ⋧ᚻߦ᛼ߒߟߌ߇ߜߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬
3 --------

2 --------

1

2 --------

1

2 --------

1(6) ෺ᣇ߇⚊ᓧߢ߈ࠆ⸃᳿ᣇᴺࠍ⷗಴ߔߴߊ‫⋧ޔ‬ᚻߩ⸒޿ಽߦ߽⡊ࠍ௑ߌࠆ‫ޕ‬
3 -------(7) ߟ޿ߟ޿⋧ᚻߩᗧ⷗ߦᵹߐࠇ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߩਥᒛࠍㅜਛߢᄌ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬
3 --------(8) ⥄ಽߩᗵᖱࠍࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ߒ‫ޔ‬෺ᣇߦࡊ࡜ࠬߩ⚿ᨐࠍ↢߻ࠃ߁ߥ⸃᳿╷ࠍតࠆ‫ޕ‬
3 --------

2 --------

1

2 --------

1(9) ⼏⺰ߦ߅޿ߡߪ⺰ℂ⊛ߦᱜߒ޿ᣇ߇ൎߟߩ߇ᒰὼߥߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᔀᐩ⊛ߦ⼏⺰ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
3 --------(10) ⋧ᚻ߇ᄙዋ்ߟߊ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿ߣಽ߆ߞߡ޿ߡ߽‫⥄ޔ‬ಽ߇ᱜߒ޿ߣᕁߞߚࠄ޽ߊ߹ߢ߽ਥᒛߔࠆ‫ޕ‬
3 --------

2 --------

1(11) ⥄Ꮖਥᒛߪߔࠆ߇‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ήℂ⍫ℂㅢߔߩߢߪߥߊ‫⋧ޔ‬ᚻࠍዅ㊀ߒߟߟᗧ⷗ࠍ੤ࠊߔ‫ޕ‬
3 --------

2 --------

1

2 --------

1(12) ⋧ᚻߣߩੱ㑆㑐ଥࠍ㊀ⷞߔࠆߚ߼‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߩᗧ⷗ࠍ಴ߐߥ޿ߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬
3 --------

٤ࠍߟߌ⚳ࠊߞߚࠄ‫ޔ‬એਅߩᣇᴺߢὐᢙࠍ಴ߒߡߺߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬(1) (5) (9) (10) ߢ٤ࠍߟߌߚᢙሼߩว⸘࡮࡮࡮࡮࡮A㧦

66

ࡐࠗࡦ࠻

(2) (4) (7) (12) ߢ٤ࠍߟߌߚᢙሼߩว⸘࡮࡮࡮࡮࡮B㧦ࡐࠗࡦ࠻(3) (6) (8) (11) ߢ٤ࠍߟߌߚᢙሼߩว⸘࡮࡮࡮࡮࡮C㧦ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ಎࣞා৪͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȝ଼૽‫ܢࢃܢ‬ո͈ࣛρͼέȆͼαϋΠȝ1ȫ2ȫ

չ෨ȁგࠃȟ৚ॄȁࣝ૕ȟനศȁ౺ડຶ‫ؖ‬ȁষ჊ȟ‫ڈئ‬ȁ࢕ԅ ͉̲͛ͅȁ࿚ఴ೹ུ̤͍ܳ͢ࡄ‫͈ݪ‬࿒എಎࣞා‫͉ܢ‬Ȅু໦ু૸͈૸ఘ‫ܥ‬ෝ͈་‫̹̲ͤۜͬا‬Ȅ২ٛഎ͉ͅঊၗͦȄၗ૖̈́̓Ȅତș͈ਹါ̈́་‫̢̻̦̈́ࠞͬا‬শ‫͈̜́ͥ́ܢ‬Ȅ‫̳ࡑࠐ͈૽ڎ‬ͥ૽୆͈੄ြমȪρͼέȆͼαϋΠȫͬࣉၪ̳ͥຈါ̦̜ͥȃಎࣞා‫͉ܢ‬ȄȨలඵ૽ઠ͈ঘȩȪΐλϋΉτόͻΛΙȄ1978Ȉ1966ȫȄ̳̻̈́ͩȄ૸߃̈́౶૽Ȅ࿻૽͞߃૶৪͈͂ঘ༆͈ࠐࡑ͈ତșͬࠐ̀Ȅ‫̴̥ͣ׿‬ท̩ͤͥȨల֚૽ઠ͈ঘȩȄ̳̻̈́ͩু͈ͣঘ͈ͼιȜΐ̥̹̻ͬैͥশ‫̜ͥ́͜ܢ‬ȃಎࣞා৪͂̽̀ͅȶȸ̤༢ȹ̠̳̥ͬ̓ͥȷ̞̠̭͉͂͂Ȅু͈ͣ૽୆͈ৗȄ̜̞͉࡛ͥह͈୆‫͈ڰ‬ৗȪQuality Of LifeȈQOLȫ͂͜‫۾‬Ⴒ̳͈͉ͥ́̈́
̞̥͂ࣉ̢ͣͦͥȃո‫ئ‬Ȅ࡛య඾ུ̤̫ͥͅಎࣞා‫͈ܢ‬අৗͬຝ̧Ȅ̤༢͈ࣽ඾എ̈́২ٛഎ
փྙ̞̾̀ͅ੆͓ͥȃಎࣞා‫͈ܢ‬೰݅ȁ࡛య඾ུ̤̞̀ͅȄ࢚୆Ⴛ൱જ͈೰݅ͦ͊͢ͅȄಎࣞා

1ȫ ུࡄ‫͉ݪ‬Ȅ໹଼ 18 ාഽ൐‫ີނ‬আఱ‫ވڠ‬൳ࡄ‫ݪ‬๯͈੩଼ͬ਋̫࣐̹̀ͩͦȃ2ȫ ̹͘Ȅུࡄ‫͉ݪ‬Ȅ2006Ȫ໹଼ 18ȫාȄ඾ུ؊ဥ૤ၑ‫ڠ‬ٛల 73 ٝఱٛȪ‫؃‬ȇ໲‫֭ڠނ‬ఱ‫ڠ‬ȫ̤̞̀ͅȄȸಎࣞා৪͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷Ƚ଼૽‫ܢࢃܢ‬ո͈ࣛρͼέȆͼαϋΠȪ3ȫȝȪչ෨გࠃȆ৚ॄࣝ૕Ȇനศ౺ડȆຶ‫ؖ‬ষ჊Ȇ‫ئ‬‫࢕ڈ‬ȫȹ̞̠͂‫׵‬ఴ́༭̱̹࣬ȃ67

2ີȁআȁაȁ஽͉͂Ȅಎා‫ܢ‬45ȡ64पȄࣞා‫ܢ‬65पոષͬঐ̳Ȅඵଲయ͈ߊ໦̵̜ͬͩ
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͉ါ૖ͅਖ̞̹ͤȄ‫ز‬ೳ̜͉̽̀ͅਹါ̈́࿨‫̳̹̱̹̓̈́ͥͤضͬڬ‬Ȅ࢖জ͂͜ͅਰ৘̳ͥশ‫̜ͥ́ܢ‬ȃ̷͈༷֚́Ȅঊ͈̓͜ူ֗͞ষଲయ଼͈֗
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̦̀͞ 60 पஜࢃ̈́ͥ͂ͅȄܑ๊֚ު͈́ਖႻ৪͉೰ාప૖̢͉̲ͬࠞ
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͉̩͢౶̞̦ͣͦ̀ͥȄ65 पশത͈́໹޳ဒྵ͉౳଻ 18.13 ාȄ੫଻23.19 ා͂ଔ̯̞ࠗͦ̀ͥȪ࢚୆Ⴛ൱જȄ2005ȫȃ̯͉ͣͅȄWHOȪ2002ȫ̦೹੹̱̹ HALEȪHeAlthy Life ExpectancyȈ࠲ࢫ਍ྵȫ̞̠͂‫ٽ‬ැ̤̞̀͜ͅȄ74.5 पȪ౳ 71.9 पȄ੫ 77.2 पȫ͂Ȅ඾ུ૽̦ଲ‫͂̽́͜ٮ‬͜࠲ࢫࣞͅႢ‫̢̦̭̞͂ͥ̀ࠞͬܢ‬া̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ̾ͤ͘Ȅ̺͘࠲ࢫະհ
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̞̠͂փে̧̦̺ͩ͛̀͘ถ̞͈͉ྫၑ̥ͣ͆დ̢̜̞̠́ͥ͂͢ȃ̷ͦͬયಭ̳̥͈̠ͥ͢ͅ૤ၑഎ͜ͅ২ٛഎ͜ͅ೰಍̱̞̀ͥߊ໦೒ઠ
̦̞͈̦̈́Ḙ͈̏ଲయ͈අಭ̜́ͥ͜ȃ͚̱ͧͼιȜΐ୶࣐͈‫ٽ‬ැ̦໲ྤͅ؊̲̀ঀ̞໦̫̞͈̦ͣͦ̀ͥ৘ૂ̜̠́ͧȃ̢̹͂͊Ȅ৘ා 3ȫȄ੃ා 4ȫȄΏσΨȜ΀ͼΐȪsilver ageȫ5ȫȄΏΣͺȪsenior; senior citizen, senior68ಎࣞා͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȪչ෨Ȇ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȫ3person, senior adultȫȄ΀σΘȜȪelderȫ൝͂Ȅ̯̰͘͘ͅນ࡛̯̞ͦ̀
ͥȃ̴̞͈ͦࡤઠ͜ͅΥ΄Ξͻό̈́ΣνͺϋΑ͉̩̈́Ȅ͚̱ͧȄ૽୆଼͈੃͞ාಿ৪̱͈͂̀͂ͤͬ͠া̳̠̈́͢ນ࡛̜̭̦́ͥ͂අಭഎ̜́ͥ͂
̢̞ͥȃ߃ා͉Ȅͺ·ΞͻήΏΣͺ 6ȫ ̞̠̠͂̈́͢Ȅ‫ڰ‬൲଻͈̯ࣞͬ͢
ͤ‫̳ͥ಺ޑ‬ΥȜηϋΈ͜ఉ̩ࡉͣͦͥȃ̭͈শ‫͉ܢ‬Ȅঊ͈̓͜ူ֗ୣහ͞૖ުષ͈ਹգ̥ٜͣ༶̯ͦͥশ‫̜́ܢ‬ͥȃ૶ଲయ͈ٚࢌͅ‫ͥͩح‬৪̦̞̹ͤȄා߄਋‫ٳݯ‬ই́͘ࠐफഎͅ൱̥̰
ͥͬං̞̈́৪̞̹̳̦ͤͥ͜Ȅॽমո‫́ٸ‬Ȅ͕̠ͭ͂ͅু໦͈̹̥ͤ̽͞
̹̭͂ͅ಍਀̱͉̲͛ͥ̈́̓Ȅ૧̱̞ρͼέΑΗͼσ͈͒ಯ୽͉̲ͬ͛ͥ
૽͜ઁ̩̞̈́̈́ȃ̷̦ͦે‫ޙ‬എͅȄ২ٛഎͅ‫̯ͥͦݺ‬ଲయ̜́ͥ͂պ౾̿
̫͈̦ͣͦͥΏΣͺଲయ̜́ͥȃ̫͂ͤͩȄ౬͈ٞଲయ͉Ȅ༆ྴȶ஠‫ވ‬൰ଲయȷ͂͜ࡤ̞͊ͦ̀ͥȃ൚শ͈ఱ‫ڠૺڠ‬ၚ̥ͣࣉ̢̀͜Ȅ̷͈ଲయͅ௺̳ͥ૽ș̷̳͓̦̀ͦͬ঑঵̱
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͈̦̈́͜‫ވ‬ခ̯̞̹͈͉̞̥ͦ̀́̈́Ȫ‫ུؖ‬Ȅ2007ȫ͂ঐഊ̯̭ͦͥ͂
̥ͣȄਲြ͈Ⴧ̞͉͂։̈́ͥΑΗͼσ͞ඊু͈঎࢜଻̠̞̠ͬ͂͂͜দ͙
̦̯͈͉̞̥̈́ͦͥ́̈́͂͜ࣉ̢ͣͦͥȃȁಎࣞා‫͈ܢ‬ρͼέȆͼαϋΠ̱͈͂̀ȶ̤༢ȷ஖͍ȁρͼέȆͼαϋΠ͉͂Ȅ૽୆͞୆‫ڰ‬ષ͈੄ြম͈̭̜͂́ͤȄૺ‫ڠ‬Ȇഢ‫ݳ‬ȆႪՔȆࠫँȆ੄

3ȫ ̤͜ͅ 50Ȅ60 पయͬা̳ۗ಩ဥࢊ̱͂̀ঀ̞ͩͦ̀ͥȃ
4ȫ ࣽ඾͉́Ȅ͚̱ͧ 40Ȅ50 पయͬঐ̳̭̦͂ఉ̞ȃ5ȫ silver age ͉გୋ‫̜ͥ́ࢊם‬ȃ6ȫ active senior ͜ȄζȜΉΞͻϋΈഎ̈́อே̩͂̿͜ͅგୋ‫͂ࢊם‬এͩͦ
ͥȃ
69

4

ີȁআȁაȁ஽ॲȆၗ༆Ȇٚࢌ͈̠͢ͅ୆‫૽͞ڰ‬୆ͅ་‫̳̹ͣͬ͜ا‬୯࿒͞ഢ‫੄ͥ̈́͂ܥ‬ြম̜́ͥȃ̭͉ͦͣͅȄਔս͈૽ș͞২͈ٛ͂‫̦଻߸۾‬ਹါ͂̈́ͥါள
̹͘͜ఉ̩‫̞ͥ̀ͦ͘܄‬ȃজ̹̻͉̤͜ͅ୒ා‫ڕͅܢ‬ං̱̹ͺͼΟϋΞͻ
Ξͻ̞͂̿̀͜ͅȄȨ̹̱ͩȩࡢ૽̱͈̠͂̀̓̈́͢փ঎͞අ଻̻ͬ͜Ȅ̷͈Ȩু໦̱̯ͣȩ͈̠ͬ̓͢ͅอ‫̥̳ͥܞ‬Ȅ଼̞̠̭̦͂͂૽‫͈ܢ‬২ٛ୆‫ͬڰ‬೒̲̀࿚̞̦ͩͦ̀ͥȪչ෨Ȅ2006ȫȄಎࣞා৪͂̽̀ͅȄ૸߃̈́౶૽Ȅ࿻૽͞߃૶৪͈ພٚ͞ࢌȄ̷͈ͦͣ૽ș͈͂ঘ༆Ȅၗ༆̞̠͈͂
͉Ȅࡢ૽͈̭͈ͦ́͘૽୆̩̈́ͅȄഽਹ̈́̽̀୆̲̳̞͞ρͼέȆͼαϋΠ̜́ͥȃζΑιΟͻͺͬ೒̱̀୆‫͈ڰ‬ಎ̞֜ͦ̀ͥͅૂ༭̱͈͂̀ঘȄ̞ͩ͊Ȩల२૽ઠ͈ঘȩ͉Ȅಒયഎ̜́ͤȄ২ٛഎ࿚ఴͬ౤എͅນ̱͉̞̀̀͜Ȅࡢ૽ͅঘ͈͒෇েͬท͈͉̞ͥ́̈́͜ȃ̱̥̱ȄȨలඵ૽ઠ͈ঘȩ͉Ȅশ̱͂̀ু͈ͣჇ̞͞ঘȄ̹͉͘ঘً̩͠ͅ೾ͬփে̵̯ͥਹఱ̈́‫ه‬ఴ̱͂̀ၛ̻࡛ͦȄࡢ૽ͅͺͼΟϋΞͻΞͻ͈ဝ̨ͣ͞Ⴧ̞͈‫ܝ‬๰ͬ୆̵̲̯̭ͥ
̺̠͂̈́ͥͧͅȃঘ୆۷͍̈́ͣͅঘ͈͒ఠഽࡄ‫ݪ‬ȁঘ୆۷͉͂ȄȶȨজ͉̭̥̓ͣြ̭̀̓
࣐̩͈̥ͅȩ̞̠͂࿚̞ͅచ̳֚ͥ೰͈൞̢ͬဓ̢͈ͥ͜ȷ̜́ͤȄȶজ͈୆̷̱̀ঘ̦Ȅֳಐ͞୆ྵ஠ఘ͈ၠ͈ͦಎ́Ȅ͈̠̓̈́͢պ౾̜ͤͅȄ͈̠̓̈́͢փྙ̞̥ͬ̽̀ͥ͜Ȅ̞͈̾̀ͅࣉ̢͞ၑٜȷ͂࡞̢ͥȪࢩ֔Ȅ2001ȫȃ๞͉̹͘ȄȨྶ̥ͣͅ୽ࢃ͈඾ུ͉̭̠̱̹ΞȜζͬზͅ౾̧̞̹̀ȩ͂ঐഊ̢̱̹̠́Ȅঘ୆۷͉ͅଲయഎ̈́ΆλΛί̦̜ͤȄঘ୆۷̦ߗ൸‫̭̞̱͂ͥ̀ا‬Ȅ̾ͤ͘ঘ͈փྙ͞୆͈փྙ̫̦̩̿͢ࡉ̢̈́
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70ಎࣞා͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȪչ෨Ȇ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȫ

5͉̹͘Ȅঘ୆۷̪ͬ͛ͥࡄ‫͈ݪ‬τΫνȜͬ͏̢͘Ȅঘ͈͒ఠഽࡄ‫͉ݪ‬Ȅ৲ഽ‫ٳ‬อ̷͂ͦͬဥ̞̹ৗ࿚ঞ಺औͬಎ૤ͅࡄ‫ض̧̹ࠫ̀ͦͣ͛ૺ̦ݪ‬Ȅ஠๊എͅȄດ੔‫̹̯ͦا‬৲ഽًͥ͢ͅഽ͈ಒય‫̭̦̓̈́ͥܳا‬Ȅࡄ‫͈ݪ‬౶ࡉ̦֓ၷ൝͈ႉ઄എ৘கഎ࡛ા͈͂ᄘၗ̭̱̞̭ͬܳ̀ͥ͂ͬঐഊ̢̱̹̠
́Ȅ૤ၑ‫̞̤̀ͅڠ‬ঘ୆ͬե̠ࡄ‫༹༷ݪ‬აഎͺίυȜΙ̱͂̀Ȅৗഎࡄ‫ݪ‬ͬ஖̭͈͐͂փ݅ͬা̱̞̀ͥȃ̫͂ͤͩ໤ࢊȪ΢ρΞͻόȫ̞̠͂ণത
ͬ৾ͤව̭ͦͥ͂̽̀͢ͅȄঘ୆͈͒փྙ̫̿ͬൡࣣ̱Ȅ২ٛ໲‫ا‬എ໲ྤ͈͂௖ࡽैဥ଻͞อోίυΓΑ͈͂‫۾‬Ⴒͬྶা̧́ͥ͂ა̲̞̀ͥȪ୼ോ ,2007ȫȃ๞̦ঐഊ̳̠ͥ͢ͅȄ΢ρΞͻό͈̠̈́͢ৗഎͺίυȜΙ͉Ȅࡢ૽̦ඤ༫̱̞̀ͥঘ͈ͼιȜΐͬু͈̭ͣ͂͊́ນً࡛̳ͥ೾ͬ‫͙܄‬Ȅ໳̧਀͈͂ͤ͂ͤͬ͞೒̲̀Ȅͤ͢૬‫ܢ̦̭̩̞̱͂̀ا‬ఞ̧̞̠́ͥ͂
ത́Ȅঘ୆۷ͬ࿚̞̥̫͈̞̹ͥ࢜ͅ਀༹̜́ͥ͂ࣉ̢ͣͦͥȃ‫̥ͅږ‬Ȅজ̹̻͉Ȅ໲‫ै੅ࠝ͞ڠ‬຦ͬ೒̱̀ঘ͞ঘ̩̭͂͠ͅȄ̠̻̈́ͥঘ୆۷ͅএ̵̞͉̭͉̜ͬͥ͂̽̀͜Ȅ඾ુ̷̤̞̀ͦͬͅນ࡛̳ͥ‫ܥ‬ٛ͜௖਀͜Ḙ̳̏͂͊ͣ͜৐̞͈͉̞̺̠̥̽̀ͥ́̈́ͧȃࢩ͈֔ঐഊͅ
̜̠ͥ͜͢ͅȄ࡛య඾ུ̤̞̀ͅȄȨঘ୆۷ȩ̷͈ͬ͘͘࿚̠̞̠̭͉͂͂Ȅ඾ુഎ̈́໲ྤ̜̞͉ͥȄ֓ၷȆٚࢌ൝͈৘க࡛ાͅ௲̱̞͉̀ͥ͂࡞̞̦
̹̞͈͉̞̥̞̠́̈́͂݃࿚̦୆̲ͥȃ̜̞͉ͥȄ୼ോ͈̠͢ͅȄΞȜζͅทͥͺίυȜΙͬ߅ྙ̳ͥຈါ̦̜ͥȃ඾ུ૽̤͂༢ȁႤঃ‫͈ز‬ͺς΀ΑȪ1990Ȉ1983ȫͦ͊͢ͅȄ૽‫͉ۼ‬ঘ৪ོͬ௞̳ͥ࿷͈֚൲໤̜̞̠́ͥ͂ȃ‫̥ͅږ‬Ȅঘ୆۷̦ߗ൸‫̞̱ͥ̀ا‬Ȫࢩ֔Ȅ2001ȫࣽ඾ͅঢ̤̽̀̈́͜Ȅজ̹̻͉௞ོܻ͞௞͈ਠ‫ͬ۝‬৤̀‫̞̞͉̈́̀̽ݲ‬ȃঘ৪ऱ᠓͈ࠁ৆̞͉̾̀ͅȄ୞േ໤͈͙ͅઙത‫̯̀ͦا‬̞࡛ͥయഎ̤̈́༢۷͉݃݅ͬͅ੹̢ͥࡉٜȪ‫܊‬നȄ2006ȫ̜̦ͥ͜Ȅࠁ৆̷̭་‫̱ا‬Ȅఉအ‫̞̱̀̀͜ا‬Ȫ̢̹͂͊Ȅ֔ષȄ2000Ȉ઀౓Ȅ2000̈́̓ȫȄಪ̠̞̠͂‫א‬և͉ྤș͂௽̢̞̞̞̀ͥ͂ͥȃ71

6ີȁআȁაȁ஽̷̭͉ͅਕ‫ޗ‬എ෸ࠊ̦൚ட̜ͥ͂ࣉ̢͈̺̦ͣͦͥȄJGSS-2000 ͈ఱܰ࿅಺औȪ‫֔܊‬Ȅ2003Ȉ࿐ఆȄ2002ȫͦ͊͢ͅȄȶȪ‫͈ز‬ਕ‫͛܄ͬޗ‬̀ȫ૞ަ̱̞̀ͥਕ‫̜̦ͥޗ‬ȷ඾ུ૽͉ 34.5ɓ̜́ͤȄ̷͈મळ͉໣‫ޗ‬76.2ɓȪ૆ാ૯ਕȄ஡ਕȄ૯࡞ਕȄ඾Ⴑਕ̈́̓ȫȄ૰ൽ 2.7ɓȄ΅ςΑΠ‫ ޗ‬2.0ɓȄ੨‫ ޗ‬9.7 ɓ͂Ȅఉအ̜́ͥȃ̹̺̱Ȅȶ૞ަ̱̞̀ͥਕ‫̜̦ͥޗ‬ȷ̱̹͂ٝ൞৪͈ඤ࿫͉ȶ૞ަ̱̞̀ͥਕ‫̜̦ͥޗ‬ȷ͈͉ 9.5ɓ́ȶ૞ަ̱̞̀ͥ
ȶু໦̦෎૤̈́૞৪̺͂এ
‫͈ز‬ਕ‫̜̦ͥޗ‬ȷ͉ 25.0ɓ̜̹́̽ȃ̯ͣͅȄȶ෎̞̳̥͘ȷ̞̠͂࿚̞͉ͅȄȶ෎૤ȷ̜̞̠́ͥ͂ٝ൞৪̦ 7.1ɓͅచ̱Ȅ૤̞́̈́ȷ̳͂ͥ৪͉ 63.2ɓ̜̹́̽ȃ̾ͤ͘Ȅ඾ུ૽͈͈͌͂̾ങ߿̱͂̀Ȅ૞৪̱͂̀
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Ȫ̤༢ͅȫȶ౗͂ව̥ͥȄ౗̦৿̥ͥȷ̞̠͂Ȩ‫ز‬௼۷ȩ͈ठࢹಃͬ௯̱Ȅ̞͉͌̀Ȅু͈ͣ૽୆͈ৗȄ̜̞͉࡛ͥह͈୆‫͈ڰ‬ৗȪQuality Of LifeȈ

QOLȫ͂͜‫۾‬Ⴒ̳͈͉̞̥ͥ́̈́͂ࣉ̢ͣͦͥȃ̤༢ͼιȜΐͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬ౝ॑എࡄ‫͈ݪࡄུ͍ͣ̈́ͅݪ‬࿒എȁ̭͈࿚ఴ೹ܳͬ
਋̫࣐̹͈̦̀̽Ȅ૤ၑഎ‫ٽ‬ැȪ૞ැȫ͈ࢹ௮ͬ௴̢̭ͥ͂ͬ࿒എ̱͂
̹Ȅչ෨ȆᴅࢺȆ‫ڈئ‬Ȫ2005Ȉ2006ȫ͈Ȅȶ̤༢ȷ͈૤ၑഎͼιȜΐͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬ౝ॑എࡄ‫̜ͥ́ݪ‬ȃ໦ଢ଼͈ࠫ‫ض‬Ȅྶ̥̹͈͉ͣ͂̈́̽ষ͈2ത̜́
72

ಎࣞා͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȪչ෨Ȇ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȫ

7ͥȃల1ͅȄ30ȡ50య͈ٚࢌ૖৪ͬచય࣐̹̽ͅȶ̤༢ȷͼιȜΐ͈ুဇ
ܱ੆ͬKJ༹́ାၑ̱̹̭͂ͧȄࡢ૽എ̈́૞ැ͂Ȅ‫ز‬௼͈̈́̓͂చ૽‫߸۾‬଻ͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬૞ැȄߓఘഎ࣐և̥ܱͣ੆̯࣐ͦͥ൲എ௰࿂̦ߊ༆̯̹ͦȃ
ల2ͅȄ60ȡ70య౳଻3ྴ͈͒ͼϋΗΫνȜ̥͉ͣȄȨಿ౳͉̤༢ͬࠑ̪
৪ȩ̜̞̠́ͥ͂ু‫ͬژ‬ஜ೹̱̞༷֚͂̀ͥ́Ȅঊ̓͜Ȫষଲయȫͅచ̱͉̀Ȩ໅౜̥̫̹̩̞ͬ̈́ȩȨ̤༢ͬࠑ̪̭͉͂‫ܢ‬ఞ̱̞̞̀̈́ȩ̞̠͂փে͜໵̵̞̠̾͂͜Ȅଲయ‫ڳۼ‬൥͜াऐ̯̹ͦȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣȄͼϋΗΫνȜ͉̮̩́ઁତ͈‫ފ‬ႁ৪ͬచય̱̹̹͂͛Ȅே೰̱̠ͥచય৪͈ΩΗȜϋͬ࿌္̱̞͉̀ͥ͂࡞̢̥̹̈́̽ȃ̹͘Ȅ಺औచયͬ௩̱̞̩̀͞षͅȄਕ‫ޗ‬۷͈௖֑̈́̓Ȅࡢ૽͈‫ث‬౵۷ͬե̠̜ͅ
̹̽̀মஜͅ෻ၪ̧̳͓ါ࠯̩ͬ͢࠿൦̱̤̩̀ຈါ̜̭ͥ͂͜͜฻̽
̹ȃ̷ུ̭́ࡄ‫͉̞̤̀ͅݪ‬Ȅ୶࣐ࡄ‫ͬݪ‬਋̫̀Ȅ଼૽‫ܢࢃܢ‬ո̯ࣛ̈́ͅ
̤ͦͥ༢ͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬փএࠨ೰ً͈೾ͅ‫۾‬Ⴒ̳ͥါ֦ͬ߅ྙ̱Ȅ‫ب‬୰̯ͬͣͅ
ྶ‫̭̳ͬ͂ͥاږ‬࿒എͅȄౝ॑എͼϋΗΫνȜ಺औ࣐̹ͬ̽ȃ

Ԇ ༹༷ȁ
ˍ

చય৪Ȫࡄ‫ފݪ‬ႁ৪ȫ͍̈́ͣͅ಺औ৪
൐‫ނ‬സඤ̤͍͢߃͈ࣕȄ๱ુ޲࣒঍ͬ‫͚܄‬Ȅ40 पոષ͈ఱ‫ ֥ޗڠ‬17 ྴ

Ȫ౳଻ 11 ྴȄ੫଻ 6 ྴȈ40 య 5 ྴȄ50 య 4 ྴȄ60 య 8 ྴȫͬ໳̧৾ͤ
಺औ͈చય̱̹͂ȃ಺औ৪͉ 4 ྴȪ౳଻ 2 ྴȄ੫଻ 2 ྴȈ̳͓̀ 30 యȫ̜̹́̽ȃˎৗ࿚ࣜ࿒͍̈́ͣͅ਀௽̧
ȶ̤༢ȷ஖఼ͅ‫ͼ̳ͥ۾‬ϋΗΫνȜ಺औ͈
଎ 1 ͅা̳̤͂ͤȄমஜͅȄਇকͬࡢ༆ͅ୰ྶ̢̱̹̠́ࡄ‫ފ͈͒ݪ‬ႁͬջှ̱̹ȃၭઇͬං̹ͣͦచ
ય৪͈͙ͅ಺औ͈̹͈͛ͺεͼϋΠιϋΠͬ৾ͤȄࡢ༆ͅͼϋΗΫνȜ࣐̹ͬ̽ȃ̴̞ͦ͜ਫ਼ါশ‫͉ۼ‬࿩ 30 ໦̜́ͤȄఱ‫ڠ‬ඤ͈ࡄ‫ݪ‬৒൝Ȅచય৪
73

8

ີȁআȁაȁ஽̦̩̞̾ͧ́დ̵ͥાਫ਼ͅ୭೰̱̹ȃల I ౲‫಺͈ٴ‬औ͉́Ȅչ෨ͣȪ2005ȫͬ४ࣉͅȄ6 ྴͅచ̱̀ুဇ̈́ࠁ
৆́ͼϋΗΫνȜ࣐̹ͬ̽ȃͼϋΗΫνȜ͉ͅȄষ͈̠̈́ࣜ͢࿒ͬ‫̺ͭ܄‬ȇӱ̤༢͈஖఼Ȇࠨ೰ȄӲ૽‫͈͒߸۾ۼ‬෻ၪȄӳঘ୆۷̤͍͢ঘͅ‫ث̳ͥ۾‬౵۷ȃ̹̺̱Ȅდ͈ၠͦͅ௲̱̀Ȅႉ‫ܥ‬؊་ͅਜ਼੬ͬවͦఢ̢͈ͥ̈́̓చ
؊̱̹ͬȃ6 ྴ͈ͼϋΗΫνȜ̦ਞၭ̱̹শത́Ȅ֚౞Ȅ಺औచય৪͈௺
଻ͬ࠿൦̱ȄͼϋΗΫνȜા࿂͈ৗ࿚ࣜ࿒ͬ฼ࢹ௮‫̹̱ا‬Ȫນ 1Ȉչ෨ȆȃలԆ౲‫಺͈ٴ‬औ̤̞͉̀ͅȄ11 ྴͅ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬Ȅ2006ȫ
ͼϋΗΫνȜ࣐̹ͬ̽ȃలԅ౲‫಺͈ٴ‬औͬ͏̢̀͘Ȅৗ࿚ࣜ࿒ً͈ະ௷͞
χȜΟͻϋΈ̞̯̾̀ͣͅͅιϋΨȜ‫́ۼ‬փࡉ࢐۟ͬਹ͇Ȅഐܽਘୃͬ‫ح‬̢̹ȃచય৪ġ സඤఱ‫ ֥ޗڠ‬16 ྴȪ౳଻ 11 ྴȂ੫଻ 5 ྴȫ
40 యːȪ౳ˍȆ੫ˏȫྴ
50 యːȪ౳ːȫྴ
60 య˔Ȫ౳˒Ȇ੫ˎȫྴ

10ࡢ༆ͼϋΗΫνȜ৘ঔȪ࿩ 30 ໦ȫ଎ 1ȁͼϋΗΫνȜ಺औ͈იழ͙

74ྴ ⅾ⇅↖↩⁍‡৘ঔ୶࣐ࡄ‫℻⅒ܖ⅘ݪ‬಺औచય৪⅛௺଻⅛࠿൦ࣜ࿒”⇁‡↝⁇⇅ↇ⅛ਘୃྴ∹ℸ༢⅛஖఼₊ࠨ೰ⅾ⇅↖↩⁍‡৘ঔ∺૽‫߸۾ۼ‬Ⅵ⅛෻ၪ
∻ঘ୆۷”‫ث‬౵۷মஜ⅘ⅽ↳ⅾ⇅↞↷⇅↞⅕
ਇক୰ྶ”൳փⅻංⅵ

6ġ಺औ৪ġ ːྴ
Ȫ౳੫‫ྴˎڎ‬Ȃ30 యȫಎࣞා͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȪչ෨Ȇ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȫ9ນˍȁలԆ౲‫ٴ‬ȇ̤༢ͅ‫ͼ̳ͥ۾‬ϋΗΫνȜ಺औ͈ৗ࿚ࣜ࿒
ˍȅίυέͻȜσ
ȁྴஜ
ȁාႢ
ȁ଻༆
ȁ੄૸౷Ȫ୆֗౷ȫȆ࡛ਯ౷ȁ‫ز‬௼ࢹ଼Ȫ२૶൝೾ഽȫȁȁȁȺ̩͂ͅȂ̧̠̺̞͡ࢹ଼ͅၣփȻȺ‫ँܡ‬੫଻͈ાࣣȇࠫँ‫ة‬ා࿒̥ȉȻ
ȁ૖ު
ȁਕ‫ޗ‬

ˎȅ̤༢ͅ‫ͼ̳ͥ۾‬ϋΗΫνȜȁȪ‫͈ز‬ȫ̤༢͉̜̳̥ͤ͘ȉȁু໦͈̤༢͉ࠨ̞̳̥̽̀͘͘ȉȁȁȁȺಿ౳́Ȩࠨ̞̽̀ͥ͘ȩ̞̠͂ાࣣ͉ȂȨুட̈́ၠͦȩȂȨ൚ட͈̭͂ȩ̞̠͂ນ࡛ͅၣփȻ
ȁ̷͈̤༢͉͈̠̤̓̈́͢༢̳̥́ȉߓఘഎ̵̧̥̩̺̯̞̀ͅȃȁȁȁȺໝତ̜ͥાࣣ͉Ȃ̷͈໦ଂ͇ͥȻ
ȁȁȁȁાਫ਼Ȫͺ·ΓΑȆ۪‫ޏ‬ȫȁȁȁȁਕ࿝
ȁȁȁȁఱ̧̯Ȇࠁેȁȁȁȁ̤༢४͈ͤਠ‫۝‬ȁ‫࡬ة‬Ȃ̷̭ͅȪව̭ͥ͂ͅȫࠨ̹͈̳̥͛́ȉȁ̞̾Ȃ͈̠̓͢ͅࠨ̹͈̳̥͛́ȉȁȁȁȺȨ̭̥ͦͣȩ͈ાࣣ͉Ȃȶȡȡࠨ̭͛ͥ͂̈́ͥ͂ͅএ̞̳̥͘ȉȷȻȁ̮‫ز‬௼͉͈̠̤̓͢ͅࣉ̢̳̥́ȉȺ෻ߘ৪͞૶֚͂੣̥̠̥̓ȉȻȁ̮‫ز‬௼́დ̱ࣣ̹̭͉̜̳̥ͩͦ͂ͤ͘ȉȺͼ΀Ȇ༢৿̞̠͂փে͈ခྫȻ
ȁඅ೰͈ਕ‫͞ޗ‬Ȃ૤͈̭̱̞ͤ̓ͧ̀ͥ͢ͅ૞ަ͉̜̳̥ͤ͘ȉȁঘࢃ̞̾̀ͅȂ͈̠̓͢ͅࣉ̢̞̱̞̳̥̀ͣ̽͘͝ȉȁɖ̷͈ఈȂ໲ྤͅ௲̱̹೏‫ح‬ৗ࿚̱͂̀Ȫ႕ȫȁȁু໦͈̤༢̻̹̞ͬ͂͜এ̞̳̥͘ȉȁȁฃ̠Ȫဥփ̳ͥȫ̱̹͂ͣȂ̤̓ͭ̈́༢̳̥́ȉͼιȜΐ̵̧̥̩̺̯̞ͬ̀ȃȁȁ̤༢ո‫ͅٸ‬Ȃ̠̱̹̞̓Ȫ̠̱͕̱̞̓̀ȫ̞̠͂‫ܛ‬བ͉̜̳̥ͤ͘ȉȁȁ๊֚എ̤̈́༢ͅȂ̓ͭ̈́ͼιȜΐ̞̳̥ͬ̽̀͘͜ȉ

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10

ີȁআȁაȁ஽ԇ ࠫ‫ض‬
ˍȁచય৪͈௺଻
ͼϋΗΫνȜచય৪͈‫ٽ‬ၞ͉Ȅষ͈̤̜̹͂ͤ́̽ȃ
Ȫ1ȫ̧̠̺̞͡
ࢹ଼ȇಿ౳ 9 ྴȄಿ੫ 4 ྴȄষ౳ոࣛ 2 ྴȄষ੫ոࣛ 2 ྴ̜̹́̽ȃȪ2ȫਕ‫ޗ‬ȇ໣‫ ࠏޗ‬15 ྴȄ૰ൽࠏ 1 ྴȄ̩̱͂̈́ͅ 1 ྴȃ໣‫͈ࠏޗ‬஺ၩ͈‫ࠏز‬̜́ͥ͂࡞‫ ̻̠͈̭̦͈̹̱ݞ‬2 ྴȄ૰ൽࠏ͈૰͈ۗ‫ݞ࡞̜͂ͥ́ࠏز‬Ȫ3ȫ੄૸౷ȇਉസ࠷ 7 ྴȄ౷༷ 10 ྴȄȪ4ȫ෻ߘ৪ȇ̱̹͈̦ 1 ྴ̜̹́̽ȃ
Ȫ5ȫঊ̓͜Ȫူঊͬ‫͚܄‬ȫȇ̜ͤ 11 ྴȄ̜ͤ 14 ྴȄ̱̈́ 2 ྴȄະྶ 1 ྴȄ̱̈́ 6 ྴȃˎȁࣜ࿒̮͈͂࠿൦
Ȫ1ȫু໦͈̤༢ͅ‫̳ͥ۾‬փএ͍̈́ͣͅࠨ೰ે‫ޙ‬ȁȸ̤༢̦ࠨ̞̥̠̥̽̀ͥ̓͘ȹ͈࿚̞ͅచ̱͉̀Ȅ15ྴ̦ȶͼ΀͈̤ȶࠨ̞̽̀ͥ͘ȷ͈̦
༢̦̜ͥȷ
Ȅ2ྴ̦ȶ̩̱͂̈́ͅȷ͂൞̢̢̹̠́Ȅ

10ྴȄȶু໦͈̤༢͉̺͘Ȫࠨ̞͛̀ȫ̞̈́ȷ͈̦2ྴȄȶࣉ̢̞̞̀̈́ȷ
̦5ྴ̞̹ȃ௺଻͈͂‫۾‬Ⴒ͙ͬͥ͂Ȅಿ౳͉9ྴಎ6ྴ̦ࠨ೰̱̤̀ͤȄͼ΀͈༢̹͉͘୶య̦ဥփ̱̹༢ͅু໦͞෻ߘ৪̦ව͈͉ͥȶ൚டȷ͈̭͂
̜́ͤȄȶুட͈ၠͦȷ͂෇ে̱̞̹̀ȃষ౳ո͈ࣛ౳଻͉Ȅࣔවထ೰Ȅ
੫଻͉6ྴಎ3ྴ̦ȶ৘‫̤͈ز‬༢ͅවͥȷ̭͂ͬ‫ܛ‬བ̱̹ȃࣔවफ͙̦‫ڎ‬1ྴȄȶু໦͉́ࠨ̞͛ͣͦ̈́ȷ͂Ȅ‫ز‬௼Ȫ̩͂ͅँ‫ز‬ȫ͈փ࢜ͬਹণ̱Ȅࠨ೰ͬ๰̫̞̹̀ȃ̹͘Ȅȸু໦͈̤༢͈ͼιȜΐȹ͈࿚̞̥̫͉ͅȄાਫ਼Ȅࠁે͈͕̥̈́̓ͅȄ༢४͈၌༒଻͞঳֭༢౷͈ဇ੣͞‫ܳ׻‬Ȅ૶௼͈͂‫̦ݞ࡞͈̞̀̾ͅ଻߸۾‬
͙̹ͣͦȃ

76

ಎࣞා͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȪչ෨Ȇ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȫ

11

Ȫ2ȫ‫ز‬௼Ȇ૶௼ඤ͈૽‫଻߸۾ۼ‬ȸව̭ͥ͂ͅࠨ̹͛ࠐ֌͞ၑဇȹ͉́Ȅ୶యȄ̩͂ͅ૶ଲయ̧͍̈́ͣ͡ͅ
̠̺̞ࢹ଼͈͂‫۾‬Ⴒ଻ͬ‫̹͙̦ͦͣݞ࡞̳ͥ಺ޑ‬ȃ෻ߘ৪͈͂‫̞̀̾ͅ଻߸۾‬Ȅ෻ߘ৪֚͂੣ͅව̭ͥ͂ͬஜ೹̳͂ͥ৪̦
ఉ̞̦̈́ͣȄ̷͈̭͂ͬ෻ߘ৪ͅȶ‫̦̞͉̭̹̥̈́͂͛ږ‬ȷȶ̷̠̞̠͜
͈̺͂ၭٜ̱̞̀ͥȷ͂༞௷എͅນ࡛̳ͥ߹̦͙̹࢜ͣͦȃ̹͘Ȅȸ‫ူރ‬͈ਠ‫۝‬ȹ̞͉̾̀ͅȄ༢४͞‫ͬူރ‬૤̦̫Ȅ৘க̱̞̀ͥ৪͈͕̠̦ఉ̥̽
̹Ȫତාͅ 1 ٝ 1 ྴȄාͅ 1 ȡ 2 ٝ 5 ྴȄා 4 ٝոષ 5 ྴȄਠ‫ ̱̈́۝‬2 ྴȄ̷͈ఈ 4 ྴȫȃ༷֚Ȅȸ‫ز‬௼͈փ࢜͞დ̱ࣣ̞͈ခྫȹ̞͉̾̀ͅȄຈ̴̱͜დ̱ࣣ̞
ͅൢ͉̞̞͈͈̽̀̈́͜Ȅȶঊ̞̥̓̾͜͜ͅდ̧̳͓̭͂ȷȶȨঘ৪͉୆৪ͬ๏̴̯ͩȩ̞̠͂ࣉ̢̧̞̹̞́ȷ̞̠̠͂͢ͅȄঊ̹̻̓͜͞૶႒
ͅ༢৿ͬ‫ܢ‬ఞ̳̥̹ͥͩͣȄ໅౜͉̥̫̞̠̈́͢ͅ෻ၪ̱̹̞Ȅ̞̠͂‫ڳ‬൥̦ࡉ਋̫̹ͣͦȃȪ3ȫঘ୆۷ȷȄȶऌȸঘࢃ̞͈̾̀ͅࣉ̢ȹ̞̠͂࿚̞̥̫͉ͅȄȶঘ̺ͭͣྫȪ4 ྴȫ͈ంहͬ࣊೰̱̞̀ͥȪ3 ྴȫȷȶȨ࿗ͥȪ̢̥ͥȫȩ̞̠̲͂ۜȪ2 ྴȫȄȷȶޭȄȶࣉ̢̹̭̦̞͂̈́Ȫ2 ྴȫȷȶ‫̞̦̈́ྙޟ‬Ȫ1 ྴȫȷȶ‫̜̦ྙޟ‬‫ڢ‬Ȫ2 ྴȫȷ
ͥȪ1 ྴȫȷ͂ఉ‫̹̹̽ͩͅܚ‬ȃඅ೰͈ਕ‫ޗ‬۷ͬ‫̳ͥ಺ޑ‬ٝ൞৪͉̞̥̈́̽
̹ȃˏ΢ρΞͻό͈ΩΗȜϋȁո‫ئ‬Ȅম႕എͅ΢ρΞͻό͈ΩΗȜϋͬা̳ȃ

Ȫ1ȫಿ౳͈႕ȁ
ȪAȫ50 య౳଻ȃतȆঊ͉̜̓͂ͤ͜͜ͅȄਕ‫͉ޗ‬໣‫̜ͥ́ޗ‬ȃ‫͈ز‬
̤༢͉ 2 ̜̾ͤȄ‫ޡ‬ၖͅ 1 ̾Ȅ຿̦ࣔව̱̹࢖‫א‬༢౷̦߃ࣕͅ 1 ̜̾ͥȃু໦ু૸͈̤༢͉Ȅ̺͘ࠨ̞̞̦͛̀̈́Ȅ̻̥̓ͣ̈́ͥ͂ͅএ̠ȃ̷̞ͦͬ̾ࣼࠨ̥͉̥̞̦͛ͥͩͣ̈́Ȅু໦́ࣔව̳̭ͥ͂͜‫̀͛܄‬Ȅ࠿൦ಎ́77

12ີȁআȁაȁ஽̜ͥȃ̤༢ͬࠨ̜̹͛ͥ̽̀ͅਹါ̭͉̈́͂ȄȪ‫ز‬௼̦ȫ̤४̱̳̞ͤ͞
̭̜͂́ͤȄ‫̩̀߃̥ͣز‬Ȅࢩ̩̀୓̥̜̞́ͥ͂͂͢এ̠ȃࣽ́͜Ȅා
ͅ 1 ഽ͉̤༢४̱̞ͤͬ̀ͥȃत͉Ȅ८̞̞̠̠̭ࣸ͂̈́͂ͬ͜͢͢࡞̞̹̭̦̜̽̀͂ͥȃ̷̠̞̠փ̞͉࢜̾̀ͅȄঊ̓͜͜ͅఉઁ͉დ̱̤̞̹͕̠̦̞͉̀͂͢এ̠̦Ȅ̺͘ࣉ̢̞̞̀̈́ȃঘࢃ̞͉̾̀ͅȄ̞̞ͧͧ̈́ࣉ̢̦̜͈͉̥̦ͥͩͥȄু໦͉̭ͦ͂ͅ
̞̹̽ࣉ̢͉̞̈́ȃ
ȪBȫ50 య౳଻ȃतȆঊ͉̜̓͂ͤ͜͜ͅȄਕ‫͉ޗ‬໣‫̜ͥ́ޗ‬ȃయș͈̤༢̦༨೹঳̜͈ͥ́ͅȄু໦ু૸͈̤༢̞͉̾̀ͅȄȶಿ౳̱͂̀Ḙ̷̏ͅව͈̦ͥুட͈ၠͦ͂এ̞̹͈̽̀́Ȅ̩͂ͅࣉ̢̹̭͉̞͂̈́ȃȷུ‫ͅ؍͈ز‬໦‫̤͈ز‬༢̦̜ͤȄ߻೵൳আ͉൳̲ົ౷͈༆͈̤༢ͅවͥȃ̤༢ͬࠨ͛ͥࠨ̞̞͛̈́͂̽̀͜Ȅুட͈ၠ͈ͦ̈́́Ȅ̩͂ͅਹါণ̳̭ͥ
͉̞͂̈́ȃ౱‫̤̱̀͂ز‬঳̩͜͢ͅ೒̞̱̽̀ͥȄා‫̭͈̓̈́͂͜ܝ‬ట̭͉̞ͥ͂̈́ȃ
त͉̤͂༢̠̳̥̞ͬ̓ͥ̾̀ͅდ̱̹̭͉̞̦͂̈́Ȅুட͈ၠ̱ͦ͂
̷̠̀Ȫ̷͈̤༢֚ͅ੣ͅවͥ͂ȫࣉ̴̢̞͉̀ͥȃঊ͉̓͜௳ঊ͈̈́́Ḙ̏ͦ͜ুட̈́ၠͦ́Ȅ๞̦༢ͬ৿ͤȄࠑ̞̞̩̺̠́ͧȃু໦͈ঘࢃ̾ͅ
̞͉̜̀ͤ͘ࣉ̢̹̭̦̥̹͂̈́̽ȃ຿༦͜࠲ह́Ȅু໦͈߻೵̦̠̳̓
̥̥̞ͥͩͣ̈́͜ȃজ̷̠̺̦͜ȄȪ߻೵͜ȫ̺̜ͤ͘͘ࣉ̢̞̞͈̀̈́
͉́͂এ̠ȃ
ঘࢃ͈ଲ‫͉̞̀̾ͅٮ‬Ȅ̹̩̽͘ࣉ̢̞̞̀̈́ȃȶࠫ‫̷̠̱ͥ̈́̀͂ض‬̜̠́ͧȷ̞̠̠͂̈́͢τασ͈͈͉̞̥́̈́͜ȃ
Ȫ2ȫষ౳ո͈ࣛ౳଻͈႕ȁȪCȫ२౳Ȅ60 య౳଻ȄतȆঊ͉̜̓͂ͤ͜͜ͅȄ໣‫ޗ‬ര̜́ͥȃ‫ز‬͈̤༢͉ 2 ̜̾ͤȄু໦͈৘‫͂ز‬त͈৘‫̸̷̜̦͈͈ͥͦͦ͜ͅز‬ȃু໦͈̤༢͉ȄΨΑ͞৬࣐̫́ͥ‫ݻ‬ၗ͈̭͂ͧͅȄ࢖‫ވ‬༢౷ͬࣔව̱̹ȃत
78ಎࣞා͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȪչ෨Ȇ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȫ

13͈৘‫͈ز‬༢̦౷༷̜ͤͅ‫͈̹̥́̽׿‬Ȅत͈༦̦߃̤ࣕͅ༢ͬ֊̳̭͂ͅ
ࠨ͛Ȅজ͜ॷ൳̱̹ȃ̤༢४͉ͤͅȄঊ̓ͬ͜Ⴒͦ̀Ȅྵ඾Ȅ๞‫̓̈́ͅ܅‬֚੣࣐̩ͅȃ߻̦‫ޡ‬ၖັ߃̞͈ͥ́ͅȄ৘‫͈ز‬༢͉߻̦৿̞̽̀ͥȃȪDȫষ౳Ȅ60 య౳଻ȄतȆঊ̜̓͂ͤ͜͜ͅȄ໣‫ޗ‬ര̜́ͥȃ‫͈ز‬̤༢͉‫ޡ‬ၖ̜ͤͅȄȶ৘‫̞͙̦ͥ̀߻́ز‬ȃȷু໦͈̤༢̞͉̾̀ͅḘ̷̏Ȫ৘‫̤͈ز‬༢ȫ͈̥̈́ͥ̈́͂ͅএ̠ȃ߻̷͉͈̭̞͂͂̾̀ͅდ̱̤̀ͤȄȨົ౷ඤ͈ႋͅै̹̠̥̽ͣ̓ȉȩ͂࡞̩̞̽̀ͦ̀ͥȃࣔව͈‫خ‬ෝ଻͉Ȅ߄஘എͅඳ̱̞͈́Ȅ̞̈́͂এ̠ȃडਞഎ͉ͅ߻͈͂
დ̱ࣣ̞́ࠨ̭̺̠͛ͥ͂̈́ͥͧ͂ͅࣉ̢̞̀ͥȃत͉Ȩ८̦̞̞ࣸȩ͂࡞̠̭̦̜͂ͥȃ߻͉Ȅ੿ြഎ͉ͅȄজ͈௳ঊͅ༢͙͈ͬͥͬှ͚̾ͤ͜
̞́̀Ȅু໦̷̠̳̞ͥ̾ͤ́ͥ͜͜ȃఈ‫̹̱ٮ‬຿͜Ȅ୆ஜȄজ͈௳ঊ̹
̻ͅȨ̭̭̱̩ͬͧ͢ှ͚ȩ͂‫ة‬ഽ͜ഥ̢̞̹̀ȃঘࢃ͈ͼιȜΐ̞͉̾̀ͅȄ༢ͅ࿗ͥȄ‫ͅز‬࿗̞̠̲̥ͥ͂ۜȤȃুட̲̦̳̈́ۜͥȃঊ͉̤̓͜ͅ༢͈დ̱̹̭͉̞̦ͬ͂̈́Ȅ̷͈Ȫࣔව̱̹ȫ̤༢ͅව̭ͥ͂͂এ̠ȃȪ3ȫ੫଻͈႕
ȪEȫষ੫Ȅ60 య੫଻ȃຳȆঊ͉̱̓̈́͜ȃਕ‫͉ޗ‬໣‫́ޗ‬Ȅু఺̦঳̜́ͥȃ̷̭ͅ‫̤͈ز‬༢̦̜͈ͥ́Ȅȶ̩͂ͅփে̱̹̭͉̥̹̦͂̈́̽Ȅ୆‫͈ڰ‬ಎͅুட̜̹͈͂̽́Ȅଡ̷଼̥̭ͣͅව̞̹ͥ̾ͤ́͜ȃȷ‫ز‬௼̷͈̾͜
̞̩̱ͤ́̀ͦͥ͜ȄȪ̤༢͉ȫ؅̦ࠑ̞̩̺̠́ͦͥͧȃ̤༢͉̮୶ர
အ̢̭̜ٛͥ͂ͧ́ͤͅȄ୆̧̞̀ͥ૽͈૤͈‫̺̭͂ͧ̓ͤݶ‬এ̠ȃࣔව̞͉̾̀ͅࣉ̢̹̭̦̞͂̈́ȃ̤༢४͉ͤࠨ̧̹̳͕̥̽͂ͥ͘ͅȄ૽୆͈୯࿒̈́̓Ȅ༭̱̞̹̳࣬̽ͤͥͅȃ̳́ͅఈ‫̹̱ٮ‬౶૽͞࿻૽͈̤༢४
ͤͅ੄̥̫̭̜ͥ͂ͥ͜ȃȪ̷͈૽ͅȫ̞࣐̩̞̠̲ٛ͂ۜ́ͅང͇̞̀
̩ȃ໣౭͈ଲდྀ͉඾͈̭̺̥͂ͣȄ୆‫͈֚ڰ‬໐ȃ༹ম͜Ȅ̮୶ரအ̺̫
̩́̈́Ȅ୆̧̹૶௼̢ٛͥ͜ͅΙλϋΑ̺͂এ̠ȃঘࢃ̞͉̾̀ͅȄ̜ͤ͘ࣉ̢̞̞̦̀̈́Ȅ̤༢͉ͅ౗̥̦̞ٛͅြ̩̀
7914ີȁআȁაȁ஽̺̠̞̠̲ͦͥͧ͂ۜȃࠁࡉ̈́̓Ȅ̱̹͈̦͈֒́̾̈́ͥ͜͜ளഌ̺͂এ
̠ȃȪFȫಿ੫Ȅ‫ ͈ँܡ‬40 య੫଻ȃ໣‫ޗ‬ര́Ȅ‫̤͈ز‬༢͉Ȅ࠲ह͈᦯̦ࣔ
ව̱̹͈̦̜ͥ͜ȃ̷͉ͦ঳༢౷́Ȅུ‫͈ز‬༢͈߃̩̜ͥͅȃ‫̞߃̥ͣز‬̭͂ͧ́Ȩ࣐̳̞̏͞ȃু໦͈̤༢͂̈́ͥ͂Ȅȶু໦͉́ࠨ̞͛ͣͦ̈́ȷȃ᦯͞ࡦ̦࠲ह͈̈́́Ȅ̳̪̠̭̠̞̠̭͉̞ࣽ̓͂͂̈́ȃࣔව̞͉̾̀ͅȄȪজ͉̩́̈́ȫ᦯̦ฃ̢̞̠̭͉̜̥̱̞͈۟ͥ̈́͂ͥͦ̈́́͢͜Ȅ᦯͈փ࢜ষల̺͂এ̞̱̽̀ͥȄ̷ͦͅ։ం͉̞̈́ȃຳ͂დ̱ࣣ̹̭͉̞̦̽͂̈́Ȅࠫँ̧̱̹͂ͅȄ̠֚͜੣ͅව͈ͥ͂͜
এ̞̹̽̀ȃু໦̦ঘ̺ͭͣȄ̜͉̹̥̤͂̓̈́ͅහ̵̳̱̥̞̞ͥ̈́͂
̠‫ܨ‬঵̻̦̜ͥȃঘࢃ͈ͼιȜΐ͉ȶޭ‫ڢ‬ȷȃȪGȫಿ੫Ȅ‫ ͈ँܡ‬40 య੫଻ȃ৘‫̤̦ز‬঳́Ȅ୆̹ͦ֗̽͘ົ౷ඤͅ
̤༢̦̜͈ͥ́Ȅ৘‫̤͈ز‬༢ͅව̹̞ͤȃ৘‫ܦ͉̠͕͈ͅز‬જ͈̹͍̤ͅ
༢४̱̞̦ͤͬ̀ͥȄँ‫͉̠͕͈ز‬ະ༒̈́ાਫ਼̜͈ͥ́ͅȄ̤༢४͉̱ͤ
̞̞̀̈́ȃ୶ரͬࠉ̠‫ܨ‬঵̻̦̜ͦ͊Ȅ༆̞̞͂ͅএ̠ȃȶँ‫̤͈ز‬༢͉ͅএ̞ව̦̞ͦ̈́ȃȷ৘‫̤̦ز‬঳̞̠̭̜͂͂̽̀͜Ȅȶঘȷ̦૸߃̵̜̹̞̥̽ͅȄঘͅచ̱̜̀ͤ͘අ༆̈́ۜૂ͉̞̈́ȃԈ ࣉख़ུ಺औ͉́Ȅ૽࢛ၠව߹͈࢜‫̞ޑ‬സঌ໐हਯ৪ͅઙത̜ͬ̀ȄͼϋΗΫνȜ࣐̹ͬ̽ȃ‫ޡ‬ၖͬၗͦ̀୆‫̭̞̱́͂ͥ̀ڰ‬Ȅ࡛యഎ̈́Ȅ̾ͤ͘ఉအ́ࡢ૽എ́ুဇ̈́஖ࢡ̦͙̥ͣͦͥ͂‫ܢ‬ఞ̱̞̹̀ത̞͉̾̀ͅȄຈ̴̷̱̠͉̥̹́̈́̽͜ȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣȄࠫ‫̤͉̥ͣض‬༢ͬฃ̠̥̠̥͈̓
஖఼͞փএࠨ೰͈ஜ೹̱͂̀Ȅࠑ̧̪͓ͼ΀͈̤༢̦ခ̥ͥྫ̞̥Ȅࠑ̪
80ಎࣞා͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȪչ෨Ȇ৚ॄȆനศȆຶ‫ؖ‬Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȫ

15̥Ƚࠑ̦̞̥̈́Ȅ̞̠͂փএࠨ೰̦̜̭̦ͥ͂াऐ̯̹ͦȃ̹͘Ȅȶু໦̦ව̤ͥ༢ȷ͈ͼιȜΐ̱͂̀Ȅͼ΀ͅȨ‫ͥۺ‬ȩ঎࢜଻͂Ȩॼ̳ȟు̳ȩ঎࢜଻̦͂াऐ̯̹ͦȃ̯ͣͅȄȶಿ౳ȷ̥ȶ̷ͦո‫ٸ‬ȷ̥̦Ȅ̤༢஖͍̞͈̾̀ͅఠഽͬఱ̧̩໦̫ͥ௺଻̜̭̦́ͥ͂ͤ͢ྶ‫̹̽̈́ͅږ‬ȃ̭͉ͦͣȄ୶੆͈չ෨ͣȪ2005ȫ͈౶ࡉͬ঑঵̳͈̜̹ͥ́̽͜ȃ઀౓Ȫ2000ȫ͉Ȅ༢̞ͬ̽̀ͥ͂ٝ͜൞̱̹੫଻͈ 9 ‫̦ڬ‬ȶຳ͉ಿ౳ȷ
̜̞̠́ͥ͂಺औͬત̱ٚḘ̞̏ͦ̾̀ͅȄ඾ུ͉́ऱ᠓͈ಿ౳Ȫೄࠏঊఃȫࠑઇଷ̦‫۝‬ਠ‫̤̯ͤ̀ͦا‬Ȅȶऱ᠓ࠑઇ৪̫́̈́ͦ͊Ȅু໦͈̤༢ͬ
૧̹৾ͅං̱̫̞̈́ͦ͊̈́ͣ̈́ȷ͂୰ྶ̱̞̀ͥȃུ಺औ̤̞̀͜ͅȄଲయ͈փেओ͉̜ͦȄ୽ஜ͈ྦྷ༹͉ͅంह̱̹‫ز‬ଷഽ͈փে͉ஜ೹ͅआ‫̢̹̦̥̠̦̭̞͂ͥ̀̽ॼ̩ޑ‬ȃ̢̹͂͊ȄࢊͤȪAȫȪ‫̤͈ز‬༢ͬȫু໦̦ࠑ̪ȷ
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ത̞̭̦̈́̽̀ͥ͂ͅা̯̤ͦ̀ͤȄಿ౳ո‫͈ٸ‬ၛા͈৪͜Ȅ̷ͦͬ‫ܢ‬ఞ̱̞̥̀ͥȄ൚ட͈̭͂͂෇ে̱̞̀ͥȃ̭̭͉ͅȄ̷͈ത̤̞̀ͅȄಿ౳̦ࡢ૽̱͂̀୆̧̞̠͉ͥ͂ͤ͢ȄȨͼ΀ȩ̞̠͂ఱ̧̈́ၠ͈ͦಎ̞̀ͅȄȪDȫ͈̠͢ͅȄষঘࢃ͉ၠ̹ͦ͘ͅ‫̩̞̀̽ۺ‬Ȅ̷̹ͦͬ͘ȄȪBȫȪCȫ
͈ଲయͅഥ̢ͥȄ̱̩͉͜ষ͈ଲయ̷ͦͬ͜਋̫ව̞̠ͦͥ͂ஜ೹̦̜ͥ
̭͂͜ଔ௶̯̹ͦȃ൩̢͙ࣺ̞ͭ́͊Ȅ࡛య͈඾ུ̜̤́̽̀̈́͜Ȅಿ౳̞̠͈͉͂Ȅ‫۝‬ਠ‫̢̱̀͂ޗ͈΀ͼ̹̯ͦا‬ȶুட̈́ၠͦȷͬࠑ̨Ȅȶ‫ز‬ಿȷ̜̭́ͥ͂͞
ȶ༢৿ȷȪऱ᠓ࠑઇ৪ȫ̜̭́ͥ͂ͬ‫ܢ‬ఞ̯ͦȄࠬ‫଻߸۾ۼ૽̩̿͂͜ͅ׻‬͈ಎ́Ȅ͉̲̥͛ͣঘ୆۷̦ဓ̢̳̞ͣͦ͞ၛા̜ͥͅ૽ș͂࡞̢͈̥ͥ
̱̞ͦ̈́͜ȃ̹͉͘Ȅু͈ͣঘ୆۷ͬນ࡛̳ͥুဇ͞‫ܥ‬̦ٛଷࡠ̯̦̻ͦ
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8116ີȁআȁაȁ஽̜ͤȄ̷͈஖఼͉ͅఉအ଻̢̦̠̥̦̹ȃ‫͈ز‬༢ͅව̷͈͈ͥ͜஖఼ঠ͈
͉̜̦͌͂̾́ͥḘ͈̏௺଻͈૽ș͉ࣔฃ࣐൲͂̽͂͜͜‫۾‬Ⴒ̦̜̺ͥͧ
̠͂এͩͦͥȃ̱̥̱̦̈́ͣȄͤ͢৹ා௄̤̞̀ͅȄࠑઇ଻͈෇ে͉‫ܛ‬ถ‫خ̞̱ͥ̀ا‬ෝ଻͜ࣉ̢ͣͦͥȃ̹͘Ȅ૶̈́̓Ȅু໦ͤ͢͜୶య̜̹ͥͅ૽ș̦Ȅ‫ͣة‬̥͈মૂ́ȶȪ༢Ȇͼ΀ͬȫࠑ̦̞̈́ȷ̞̠͂ࠨ೰̱̹ͬ‫͈ز‬ঊ͞ః͉Ȅ̷͈̠̈́͢‫۝‬ਠ‫̹̯ͦا‬փে̥ͣ๤‫ڛ‬എুဇ̜̭́ͥ͂͜ࣉ̢ͣͦͥȃȶু໦́ੳ਀ͅࠨ̠͉͛͂͢এ
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͈̠̈́͢Ȅȶ৘‫͈ز‬༢ͅව̹̞ͤȷ̞̠͂փ̞࢜̾̀͜ͅ࡞‫̹̞̯̀ͦݞ‬͈͉Ȅஜ͈̤༢ͼιȜΐͅ‫ݪࡄ̳ͥ۾‬Ȫչ෨ͣȄ2005 ̈́̓ȫ֚͂͜౿̱
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̞̱̹̭͂͘ͅȄ٨̱͛̀͘ࢄႛ૭̱ષ̬̳͘ȃ֨ဥ໲ࡃͺς΀ΑȄP.Ȫಠȫȁ໛֔ ࠻຃Ȫ࿫ȫ
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͈̠͢ͅ୆̧̹̥ȁ඾ུ΀ΟͻΗȜΑ·Ȝσ੄ๅ໐ȅȪAries P.,Ȫ1983ȫȅ
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΀ς·ΕϋȄE.H.ȪಠȫȁఆଳࢣဎȄ߃൥ཆຳȪ࿫ȫȪ1989ȫȅρͼέ΍ͼ
·σȄ̷͈ۖࠫȁ̴͙̳੥པȅȪErikson, E. H. The life cycle completed.
W.W.Norton & Company.ȫ
ࢩ֔ၻങȪ2001ȫȅঘ୆۷ͬ࿚̞̤̳̈́ȁ̻̩͘૧੥ȅչ෨გࠃȪ2006ȫȅ଼૽‫̥ͣܢ‬Ⴧ૽‫͒ܢ‬ȁനಎ֚຃Ȅಿന‫ݛ‬ဎȪ༎ȫȁ૧ఘࠏۭࢌ‫ܖڠ‬ய‫ش‬࿒ȁ૤ၑ‫ڠ‬ȁιΚ΃σέτϋΡ২ȄPp.132-149ȅչ෨გࠃȆ৚ॄࣝ૕Ȇനศ౺ડȆຶ‫ؖ‬ষ჊Ȇ‫ڈئ‬ȁ࢕Ȫ2006ȫȅಎࣞා৪͈ȶ̤༢ȷ۷ȁȽ଼૽‫ܢࢃܢ‬ո͈ࣛρͼέȆͼαϋΠȪ3ȫȁ඾ུ؊ဥ૤ၑ‫ڠ‬ٛల 73
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ΐλϋΉτόͻΛΙȄV.Ȫಠȫȁಏా‫ܮ‬ဎȪ࿫ȫȪ1978ȫȅঘȁ̴͙̳੥པȅȪJankelevitch, V.Ȫ1966ȫȅ La Mort, Flammarion, Editeurȅȫ
ȁ඾ུ૽͈࿐ఆฎ໲Ȫ2002ȫȅ඾ུ૽͈ঘ୆۷ȁ‫ܮ֔܊‬ঊȆऎ൥ฎਏȪ༎ಠȫউȽ JGSS ͙ͥͅփে࣐͂൲Ƚȁခ๣‫ڝ‬ȄPp.293-317ȅ୼ോఱ༟Ȫ2004ȫȅჇා‫͈ܢ‬ঘ͈փྙ̫̿ͬ੘ͥࡄ‫ݪ‬౶ࡉ͂‫ه‬ఴȁ‫ނ‬സఱ‫ڠ‬ఱ‫ܮشݪࡄڠ֗ޗ֭ڠ‬ါȄ51Ȅ247-241ȅ83ີȁআȁაȁ஽୼ോఱ༟Ȫ2007ȫȅঘ͂͂͜ͅ୆̧ͥȁȽࣞႢ৪͈ρͼέΑΠȜςȜ͙ͥͅঘ͂ਕ‫ޗ‬ȽȁχȜ·ΏοΛί 105ȁঘ୆͈փྙ̫͈̿͒ৗഎࡄ‫͈ݪ‬ജབȁȽ໤ࢊȪ΢ρΞͻόȫ̞̠͂ণത͈‫خ‬ෝ଻Ƚȁ඾ུ૤ၑ‫ڠ‬ٛల 71 ٝఱٛอນა໲ਬȅ
઀౓͙̓ͤȪ2000ȫȅ་̤ͩͥ௞৆Ȅક̢̤ͥ༢ȁȝड‫ু́͘ܢ‬໦̱̩ͣ ȝȁ‫܊‬෨੥ഝȅ࢚୆Ⴛ൱જȪ2005ȫȅల 20 ٝ୆ྵນȁURLȁhttp://www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/
saikin/hw/life/20th/p02.htmlȅ
World Health OrganizationȁThe world health report: Reducing Risks,
Promoting Healthy Lifeȁ2000ȁhttp://www.who.int/whr/2002/en/
index.html,Ȫ2002ȫȅp. 198-202ȅ‫֚ࠄུؖ‬
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༎ ਬ տ ֥࿌ȁུȁંȁঊȪտ֥ಿȫ ֔ȁ਀ȁ࠲ȁඵ຾ȁ౓ȁਜȁ֚઀ȁ୼ȁోȁ࿟வȁศȁసȁ჊ࢩȁଳȁେȁ֚൥ȁ๶ȁ๼ȁऎີȁআȁაȁ஽ȁȁల 52 ‫ ے‬ల 2 ࣢Ȫ೒‫ ے‬90 ࣢ȫ໹଼ 20 ා 3 ࠮ 31 ඾ȁอ࣐༎ȁਬȁ൐‫ີނ‬আఱ‫ີڠ‬আა஽༎ਬտ֥ٛ
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