911
S t u d i aE n t . , v , r l . 1 0 , { a s c . l ' { , c l e z c n r b rlog 0 7-ll9

Undescribedor little-knownTropical AmericanTipulidae(Diptera) Part lll
Charles, assachusctts
P . A l e x A n c l e r , A m h e r s tM(\[/itlt t5 text-figures)

At this tinte I artt dc'scribinga srnall numtrcr of species
bclongingto tltc genusTipula fronr variousparts of Brazil, Chile,
Colotttbia,Ecuacklr,and Pcru, collectedby se.veralf rienclsancl
colleaqucs,JuarrFoerstcr,GuillernroKuschel,Luis E. Pcfra,Jose
M. Scltunkc,Lauro Travassos,and Fclix Woytkoivski,to all of
rvltotttI attt grcatly irtclcbtcdfor nrany kincl favors in thc pastycars.

Tipula (Microtiputa)biprolatasp. n.
Ceneralcolrlrationof mesonotumobscureorange,plcrrrayellow; basal
a n t e n n a ls e g m e n t sy e l l o w ; w i n g s f a i n t l y t i n g e d w i t h h r o w n , c o s t a l r e g i o n
a n c l s t i g m a n t e c l i u mb r o w n ; a h c l o n r e ny e l l o w w i t h a c o n s p i c u o u sb l a c ks u b t e r n r i n arl i n g ; n t a l e h 1 ' p r o p y g i uw
n ri t h t e r g i t e r l e e p l ye m a r g i n a t e w, ith
tr,t'o bifid rotls at hase of notch; inner dististt'le witlr heak long ancl
slentler,lolver heak scarcelyclevekllrecl.

M a I c.
L c n q t h ,a l l o u t 1 2 . 5n l n l ; ' w i n g I I l n n l ; a n t c n n a ,about 5.5 ltlltl. Frontal prolclngationof hcacl, incluclingnasus,b r c l w n i s lyt c l l t t w ; p a l p i y c l k r w , t c r n r i n a ls c g n r c n ts l i g h t l y c l a r k e r .
Antennaabotttonc-halftltc wing; proxilnaltllrcc scgnlr.nts
ycllow,
thc strccecding
oncs lticolrlre.cl,llasal cnlargcrncrrt
lllack, thc outcr
cnd of seglncnt light ltrolrt, tcrnrinal scgnrcrrtslltorc uniforrnly
clarkenecl,
vcrticilsabout one-halfthc segrnents.
Hcacllight [rrown.
Pronotutttbrownislt yellolv. Mcsonotalpracscrrttrnr
ancl scutttttt obscttrcorangc, virtually unpattcrnccl,scutcllunrancl postnottttnycllow. Plcura ycllow. Haltcrcs rnccliurnlrrown. Lcgs withcoxac ancl trocltatttcrsycllow; rcrnainclcrof lcgs obscurcycllow,
outcr tarsal scqrttcntslllackenccl;cla'vvsof nralc toothccl.Wilrgs
fairttly tingeclwith brrlrn,n,cclls C ancl Sc, lvith thc stignra,lnccliurnllro'*,n;clistalcnds of outcr raclialcclls vcry wcakly clarkcttccl; vcitts brown, pfller in costal f icld. Vcnatirtn: Pctiolc of
ccll M' about onc-halflortgcrtltarr nt; m-(u closcto fork of I43-a.
Altclotncnycllow, thc tcrqitcs narrowly clark brown late.rally,
scgtnentssix ancl scvcn black to frlrm a cnnspicuousring; hypopygium yellolv, thc basal halt of cighth sternite pale brorvn.
29

450

A l e x a n c l e r , T r . p i c a l A m e r i c a nT i p u r i c r a IeI .I

Male hypopygium(fig. I ) rvith the tergite, t, very deeply andnarrowlyenlarginateto produce'elongatelobes,their tips obtusc,
with a group of stiff black setaewith; at base of entargination
two rods, each terminatingin a blackenedspine and a subterntinalblack lobe,beforewhich are aboutfour strongblack setac..
Proctigerntoderately
sclerotized,
depressed-flattened,
apex enlarginate,at basewith a gentlycurvedrod. Ninth sternite,9s, withappendages
appearingas two slenderhorns,the acute tips dirc'ctedinwards,surfacewith abundantnricroscopic
se'tulac.
Rasistyle, b, with a conspicuous
blackenecllobe.,narroweclat ltasc,
expandedancl nlore f lattenecloutwardly. Outc'r dististyle,d, asubcylindricallobe, the apex with severalsetae; inner stylc
broacl-based,
narrowedinto a long slenderblackened
beak; lower
beak reducedto two low blackenedknobs on lower nrargin ofbeak. Eighth sternite,8s, sheathing,narrowedoutwardlyto theflattenedobtuseapex.
Holotype,6 , Boracdia,S5o Paulo,Brazil, October7, 1948
(Lauro Travassos).
The fly is reaclily distinguishedf rom other approximately similar
species by tlre hypopygial structure, particrilarly the tergite ancl inrrer
clististyle.

Tipula (Microtiputa)bitribula sp. n.
Aflied to scelesta;general coloration of mesonotumyellow, thepraescutumwith three vaguelydifferentiatedferruginousstripes,the median area with a blackenedspot on either side at anteriorend; antennaeof male elongate,proximal flagellar segmentsvaguely bicolored;wings
tinged with brown, prearcularand costal fields more yellowed;abclomen
reddishyellow with a subterminalblackenecl
ring; male hypopygiumwith
lateral tergal lobes narrow, their tips nearly acute; apicesof rocls ofproctiger obtuse; posterior borcler of eighth sternite with two shortfingerlikelobes,the tips obtuse.

M a le.
L e n g t h ,a b o u t 1 6 m m ; w i n g 1 4 m m ; a n t e n n a ,about 8.5 mm. Frontal prolongationof hcacltestaccous
yelkxr'.
Antennaeof male very lclng,approximately
two-thirclsthc wing;
scape,pediceland first flagellalsegmentyellow, thc succceding
segntentsvaguelybicolored,brown, the conspicuousbasalenlargententsbrownishblack, outer segmentsunitorrnlyblackenecl;
segnlents
abouttwicethcir longestverticils.Hcad brownishyellow.
Pronotuntobscureycllow,scuturnnrccliallyrcstrictedlymorc
darkened.Mesonotalpraescutumsubnitidous,
yellow, with threevagtrelydifterentiatcdferruginousstripes,mcdian area witlr all
elongateblack spot on eitherside of anteriorend; posteriorsclc-

SttrcliaEnt., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, clezembrol967

451

rites of notum yellowed,centersof scutal lobesmore ferruginous.
Pleura yellowed.Halteresmoderatelylong, stem yellowed,knob
brown, the extremeapex paler. Legs with coxae and trochanters
yellowed;femora obscureyellow, tibiae darker, tarsi blackened;claws toothed.Wings tinged with brown, prearcularand costal
f ields more yellowed; stigma medium brown; obliterativeareas
very recluced;
veinsbrown. Outer radial brancheswith the exception of R1-, with macrotrichia,the remainingveins behind R
glabrous.Venation: Rs slightly shorterthan m-cu; petioleof cell
Mt a little longer than m; cell 2nd A moderatelywide.
Abdornenre'ddishyellow,segmentsscvenand eight blackened
to form a ring, hypopygiumyellow. Male hypopygium(fig. 2)
with posteriorborder of tcrgite, t, conspicuouslytrif id, the median lobe long-oval,its tip narrowly obtuse; lateral lobes very
narrow,the tips nearlyacute.Proctiger,pr, includingtwo sets ofpendulousrods or blades,the narrow darkenedpair glabrous,
tips obtuse.Dististyle,d, apparentlysingle, compact,the beakand lower beak short and stout,blackened,
their apicestruncated;region of outer basal lobe with a few strong setae.Phallosome,p, with the apophyses
small, long-oval;aedeaguselongate,outerend slightly expanded.Eighth sternite,8s, relativelyshort, narrowed outwardly,posteriorborderwith two short parallelfingerlike lobes,the tips obtuse,separatedby a U-shapedemargination.
Holotype,6 , Avispas,Madre de Dios, Peru, 150 km westof PuertoMaldonado,
l0-30, 1963(L. E. Pefra).
September
The most similar speciesis Tipula (Microtipula) scelestaAlexander,o f Bolivia,which cliffersespeciallyin the hypopygialstructure,as statedi n the diagnosis.

Tipula (Microtipula) cithariforrnissp. n.
General coloration of thoracic dorsum dark brown, pleura yellow;
antennaeof male about one-halfthe wing, flagellumblack; wings strongly
infuscated,the costal borclerand stigma clarker,cell 2nd A narrow; malehypopygiumwith medianlobe of tergite broad, longer than the laterals;
appendageof ninth sternite lyriform from a very short base; apex of
aedeagusdivided into three filaments.

M a I c.
L c n g t h ,a b o u t 1 3 . 5 m m ; w i n g I I m m ; a n t e n n a ,about 5.5 mnl. Frontal prolongationof hcacldark brown, morc
yellowedbcneatlt;palpi black. Antennacof male about one-half
thc wing; scapc ycllowishbrorvn,pecliceldarkened,above withconspicuousblack sctac; f lagellum black, segmentswith small
basalenlargentents,
the longestverticilsshorterthan the segrnents;
29*

152

A l e x a n d e r , T r o p i c a l A n r e r i c a nT i l l u l i d a e .l l lterminal segmentsnlall, oval. Head above yellowed antcriorly,
darker behind; vertex narrow.
Mesonotumdark brown without clefinite pattern, pleura
yellow. Haltereselongate,brown, knob dark brown, Legs withcoxae and trochantersyellow; re.mainderof legs broken.Wings
strongly infuscated,more darkeneclbeyond the cord; prearcularand costalf ields,with the stigma,still darker brown; veins darkbrown. Outer radial veins with abundantmacrotrichia,f c.weron
M r, other veins beyondcord glabrous.Venation: Petioleof cell
Ml longer than m; m-cu on M4 shortly bcyond the base; ccll
2nd A narrow.
Abdomerrelongate,tcrgitcsblackenecl,
internrcdiatc
scgnrents
each with a snlall yellowed area at lrase; lrasal stc-'rnitcs
cxtcnsively yellowed; subternrinalsegnrentsuniformly lrlackenccltrr
f orm a ring; hypopygiunryellow. Male hypopygiunr( f ig. 3 )with tergite, t, subquadrate,median region of posteriorborde.r
produced into a broad depressed-f
lattened lobe, its rnarsin
shallowlyconcave,f ringed with short stout black setae; lateral
tergal lobes about one-half as long as the median projection,
tips obtuse.Proctigerincludinga complexblackenedcushionancl
two elongatebladesthat are denselyprovidedwith short 1'ellou,
setae.Appendageof ninth sternitc,9.S,lyrifornr, thc two anlls
f r o m a v e r y s h o r t b a s e ,l i g h t y e l l o w ,w i t h v e r y l o n g y c l l o n , s c t a cthroughouttheir length. Blackenedlobe near proximal encl ofnrcsalface of basistylerelativelysmall. Outer dististyle,d, rcl a t i v e l y l o n g a n d s l e n d e r ,a l i t t l e s h o r t e rt h a n t h c i n n c r s t y l c ,black sctac,tllr'
narrowedoutwardly,providedwith conspicuous
outer ones shortest;inner style blackened,short and conlpact,
divided, the larger arnl including thc beak arttl
conspicuously
lower bcak, the smaller ann representingthe outer basal lolte,p, witlt gotlAappearingas a strong curvcd hook. Phallosonre,
thc latter at
pophysesnarrow, less tharr one-halfthc aecleagus,
apcx dividedinto threeyellowfilarnentsthat arc k'ss thattonc-ltalf
dt tips,t h e r e m a i n d cor f o r g a n ,t h e l a t e r a lp a i r s l i g h t l yc x p a n c l c a
the shortercentralelentcntslencler,its tip pointccl;ittttttccliatcly
rvith tlcnse
part of thc acclcagtts
beforethe filanrentsthc.enlargecl
short yellow setulae.
Holotype, 6, Libertacl,6 knt soutlteast of Tena, NapoP a s t a z aM
, a y 1 0 - 1 2 ,1 9 6 3 ( l - . E . P c i r a ) .
The most similar speciesis Tipula (Microlipula) Iyriformis Alexander,
which differs especiallyin the hypopygialstructure,includingthe tergite,
appendageof the ninth sternite,inner dististyle,and phallosome.

StudiaEnt., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, dezembrol96Z

453

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5

I'ig. 2. Tipulaf(ltlicro.tipula)i i { , 1 . . .T i . p t t l u..(l l i r : r l t t i p u l u ) I t i p r o l u t a ,. s l t . r r . ; . r r r a l e h y p o p y g i u n r .
hitribulu, stl. n.; nralc h1;popygjurn.- _f ii.'"r.
Tiputa Tniirotiifutij-aiii[iio,cithuriformis, fp. n.; . tttale ltyp-opygjum... Flg,. l.
(Miciotiputoj.
.Tipita
lp. n.; . male - hyqgpygiuffi:.-. Fig... 5. ..Tip.ul.a(futicrotipuia) m'onocera, sp. n.; mateh.yponlgium.
Fig, 6.. Tipula
pontilex, sp. n.; male irvp-opvgi,ir."l_( S y m b o f s :b , b a s i s t y l e d; , d i s t i s t .(Microti.pi.t.a)y l ep; , phallo-some
f i ;r . ' p r d c t i g e r 's; , l t e r n i t e ; ' i - t i r g i t e l .

Tipula (Microtipula) diadexiasp. n.
A l l i e r l t o d i d o l o . st;l r o r a x a l m o s tu n i f o r m l yc i n n a m o nb r o w n ; a n t e n n a ettearlyone-halfthe wing; male hypupygiumwith posteriorborder of tergite
trilobed,the lobes relativelyshort, tipped with strong black setae; oiterdististyleslencler;blades of ninth sternite only moderatelyacute.

M a I c.
L c n g t h ,a b o u t 1 6 m m ; w i n g l 2 . s n l m ; a n t e n n a ,allottt6 tnllt. Frontal prolongationof hcacllight brown, inclucling

Alexander,454

T r o p i c aAl m e r i c a nT i p u l i d a eI .I I

dark brown,the renlaindcr
nasus;palpi with basaltwo segments
paler,apex of terminalsegmentlight yellow.Antennaeof maletwoelongate;proximalthree segmentslight yellow, succeeding
blackenedat base,yellow outwardly,renlainingsegmentswith
the extremetips yellowed;basalenlargepetiolesmoreinfuscated,snlall,verticilsmuchshorterthan the segments.
lllentsof segments
Head with front narrowlyyellow,vertex pale brown, without iltubercle.
Pronotumlight brown medially,more brownishyellow otl
sides. Mesothoraxalnrost uniformly cinnamonbrown, without
evidentpattern.Haltereswith stemobscureyellow,knob infuscatyellow; f emora and tibiae
ecl.Legs with coxaeand trochantersbrownishyellow, tarsi brownishblack; claws of nlale toothcd.
Wings tinged with brown, the prearcularf ield and cell C more
infuscated,cell Sc yellowed; stigma large, brown; outer radial
field and baseof cell R slightlymore infuscatedthan renrainderareasbetorestigmaand acrosscell I st M2of ground;obliterative
restricted;veins brown, Sc, Cu and the Anals nlore yellowcd.
Venation:Rs arcuated,slightly longer than m-cu; cell 2nd A
moderatelybroad.
Abdominaltergitesyellowishbrown to light brown,.sternites
paler; segmentssevenand eight, togetherwith posteriorborderof six, brownishblack to f orm a broad ring; outer end ofeighth sterniteand the hypopygiumyellowc'd.Male hypopygiurrt(tig. 4) with posteriorlobe of tc.rgite,t, trilobed,all lobes relativelyshort,all tippedwith strongblack setae.Proctigerpale,broadly flattened.Basistylewithout a blackenedlobe on mesal
yellowishbrownface.Ninth sternite,9s, with two long-triangular
Slades,surface denselysetiferous, tips only moderatelyacute.
Dististyles,d, as f igured; outer style much more slenderthan
in didolos,the inner style with the lower beak pale.
Holotype, 6, Divisoria, Cordillera Azul, Httanuco,Peru,
1 , 6 0 0m e t e r sA, u g u s t1 8 , 1 9 4 7( J . M . S c h u n k e ) .
'l'hemsst similar describedspeciesare Tipula (Mirrotipula) didolos
Alexander,of northern Argentina, and T. (M.) inaequilobataAlexancler,of Ecuador,which differ in the length and coloration of the antennae,
ancl in details of structure of the hypopygium,particularly the tergite,
blaclesof the ninth sternite and the dististyles.All of these specieslack
the blackenecllobes on the mesal face of the basistyle such as is founcl
i n m a n y s p e c i e so f t h e s u b g e n u s ,i n c l u d i n gt h e s u p e r f i c i a l l ys i m i l a r T .
QI.) lenta Alexander and T. (M.) paralenta Alexander.

SttrcliaEnt., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, dezembro1967

455

Tipula (Microtipula)monocerasp. n.
Allied to smilodon,'mesonotalpraescutumgolclenyelkrw with threeb l a c k s t r i p e s ,t h e l a t e r a l p a i r o u t c u r v e dt o t h e m a r g i n ; a n t e n n a eo f m a l erelatively short; femora black, bases broadly yellow, outer encl with avaguely indicated brightening; wings strongly clarkenecl,
costal borderand stigma more intenselyso; basal abdominalsegmentsyellow, tergites
with three interruptedbrownish black stripes,outer four segmentsblack;male hypopygiumlarge, tergite tridentate,proctiger a long simple blackened rod; clististyles
small, closelyappliedto one another; eighth sternite
sheathing,terminatingin two slenderlobes.

M a I e.
L e n g t h ,a b o u t 1 6 n l m ; w i n g 1 4 . 5 m n t ; a n t e n n a ,about 4 nrm.
F e m a I e.
L e n g t h ,a b o u t 1 6 - 1 7 r l l n l ; w i n g l 5 - 1 6 m n t ;antenna,about 3-3,2 mm.
Frontal prolongationof head relativelyshort, less than thc
remainder,yellow,narrowly gray above; nasusof nraleblackenccl,
with long black setae;palpi brown. Antennaeof nrale unusuallyshort f or a metttbcrof the subgenus;scapeand pcclicellrrownislr
yellow, f lagellunrblack; f lagellarsegrnentslonger than their vert i c i l s ,f e e b l yi n c i s e d ;f l a g e l l a rs e g n r e n tisn f e n t a l ev' i r t u a l l ys i m p l e .
Head yellow, anterior vertcx with a larsc triangular brownish
black area.
Pronottlmorange.Mcsonotalpraescuturngolclenyellow withthreeblack stripcs,the latcral pair outcurvcclto nrarsini postcrior
sclcritesof notutttyclkxv, scutal lobes with palcr brown areas.
Pleura tlbscureycllow, clorsopleuralmernbraneorange. Haltereswith stt.ntbrownisltyellow, knob dark brown. Legs with coxae
ancl trochantersyellow; fcnrora blacl<,broadly yelloweclbasallyand with a vagueto scarcelyindicatednearlyternrinalbrightening;tibiae and tarsi brownish black to black; claws of nrale hairy,
toothed.Wings strongly darkencd,stisrna and cells C and Sc
s t i l l d a r k c r , e s p e c i a l l yt h c l a t t c r , p r c a c u l a rf i c l d s l i g h t l y m o r ey e l l o w e d ;v c i n s b r o w n . L o n g i t u c l i n avle i n sb e h i n dl e v c l o f R g l a b r o u s . V e n a t i o n :R s v a r i a b l ei n l e n g t h ,s u b e q u a lt o o r s h o r t c rthan nt-cu, the lattcr at or beyondthe origin of M +Abclorninal
tcrgitcsof rnaleyellow, the intc.rrncdiatc
scgrncnts
rvitlt thrce intc'rruptccl
brorvnishblack stripes, stcrnitesyellow,
sixtlt to nintlt sesntentsin nralc black. In the fernalethe abdoIttinal tergites nlorc extcnsivclypattcrncclrvith black, thc sixthand scventltsegnlcntsblack to fornr a narrow ring, gcnitalscgnrcut
yellow. Ovipositrlr with cerci conlpressccl-f
lattenccl,darkenecl,
straight,hypovalvacalnrostas long, yellow, tips broadly obtuse.
M a l e h y p o p y g i u m( f i g . 5 ) v e r y l a r g e a n d c o n s p i c u o u sN. i n t h456

A l e x a n d e r , T r o p i c a l A m e r i c a nT i p t r l i d a eI.I I

ntcdianlobe broader.
tergite,t, with postcriorborclcrtriclcntatc,
Proctiecr,pr, a long sinrplc blackencrlrocl front an oval basc,Dististyles,
the tip acute.Apex of basistylevcry sliglrtlyproclucecl.
d, slnall, oval, both styles closely applicclto appca: alntost as
narrowedto an obtusepoint;a unit; outer style subtriangular,
innerstylewith beakslender.lowerbeak reduced.Eighthsternite,
its apex terntinatingin tr,voslcnderlobcs
Bs, long anclsheathing,that are directedcaudacland slightlyclorsal.
Cuzco,Pertt,880 rnctcrs,Scptcnrbcr
Hglgtypc.6, Quincerrtit,
I , 1962 ( r. E. Pefra).Allotttpotypc,I , Octobcr30, 1962.Par a t o p o t y p e s3, 9 9 , w i t h t h c a l l o t y p c .
'l'ipulo (Microtipulo) ntono(,(,ruis entirely clistirtctfrr)tll other nlemlters,f the smilodongt,,itp, clifferingin the bocly cokrratiott,:tntennalstrttcture,apcl esllecially the structure i,f the nrale hyllopygittnt, partictrlarly theproctiger ancl clististYles.

Tipula (Microtipula) pontilex sp. n.
generalcokrrationof thorax yellow,tltc praescrlAllied to diat'anthos;tunr with three ferruginousstripes; antennaeof male elongate,flagellar
polishecl
fulvottswith a vague
segmentsblack,the basesdilatecl;abckrmen
rlarkeneclsubterminalring on seventhsegment;male hypopygitrmwith
lateral krbes blackened;
posteriorborder of tergite trificl, the clecurvecl
proctigerincluclingtwo long acute black spines;eighth sterniteon either
sicle of posterior brlrclerbilobecl,each lobe rvith a small subterminal
tubercle.

L e n g t h a, b o u t 1 4 . 5 - 1 5n l n t ; w i n g l 5 - 1 5 . 5m m ;Male.
a n t e n n aa, b o u t l 0 - 1 0 . 5r l l n l .F r o n t a lp r o l o n u a t i oonf h e a do r a n g eyellow, nasusshort and stout; palpi ycllow, cxtrentetip of terabout tworninalsegmentdarkened.Antennaet-rfrnalec'longate,thirclsthe boclyor wing; scapeorange,peclicclpale yellow,firstref lagellarscgnrentyellow basally,outer half slightlydarkcnecl;
rnainclerof f lagellunrblack, the incisuresof the nlore proxintalof segments
very narrttwlypaler; basal cndargentents
segnrents
with abunclantsttt-rrt
oval, the segrttcnts
snlall but conspicuous,
erectwhite setae,longestverticilslcssthan one-halftltc scgtttents.
Head yellow.
Ccrvicalregion orangc; pronotutnycllow, ccntcr of scututtt
ycllolv,pracscuttutt
Mcsonoturtt
tcstaccous
wcakly lllore clarkcnecl.
with three more ferruginouspolishedstripesthat are poorly indicatcd against the ground. Pleura yellow, vagucly patternedand stcrnoplettrite,with orange,includingthe ventralanepisternunt
r cl g i o nl i g l r ty c l l o w .H a l t c r c sw i t h s t c n ry c l l t l w ,k n r t b
rlorsoplcura
ycllow; tetltora
black. Lcgs with coxacartcltrochantcrs
l-rrt-:rvnish

Studia Ent., vol. 10, fasc. l-.1, dezembrol967

157

brolvnislt yellow, rlarkcr outwarclly; tiltiac llrown, tarsi clarkcrb r o w n ; c l a w so f t t t a l ct o o t l t e d W. i n g s s t r o n g l yy c l l o w e c lp, r e a r c u l a r
anclcostal ficlds lltorc satureclycllow, stigrnaalnrostconcolorous,p a l e b r o w n ; v e i n s b r o w n . O u t e r r a d i a l v ei n s w i t h r r r a c r o t r i c h i a ,i n c l u d i n gp r o x i m a lh a l f o f R 3 a n d o u t e r h a l f o f R + - ; , ,t h e r e n l a i n i n g' " ' c i n sb e h i n dR g l a b r o u s V. e n a t i o n :R , - , a n d R : r c l i v e r g e n ct ,e l l R 2
at rnargin subc'qualto or slightly nrorc extensivethan cell R:;ip e t i o l co f c c l l M r , s u b c . q u at lo o r a b o u t o n e - h a l tl o n g c r t h a n m ;ttt-cu at tork of the sltort M,,-r; ccll 2nd A rnoderatelybrclacl.
Abcltttttett
alntost unifornrly polished fulvous, scgrrrcntscvcrl
vautrclyltlore clarkertccl
to fonn a poorly inclicatccl
ring, thc large
Itypopygiurtrf ulvous.Malc hypopygiunr( f ig. 6 ) with thc tcrgitc,
t, cltlngate,posteriorborclertrificl, rncdianlobe broacler,pale, theIonscr latcrals decurvecl,thcir tips blackenccl.Proctiger,pr, withthrce elongatcblackcncclrocls,two of which are acutcly pointccl.
Appcnclago
e f r r i n t hs t e r n i t c , 9 . ss, n r a l l ,p a l e , n a r r o w e col u t w a r c l l y ,apex truncatcd. Basistyle without a rrroclifiedblackenccllobc.
D i s t i s t y l e ,d , s n t a l l , a p p a r e n t l ys i n g l e ,c o r n p l e xi n o u t l i n c , a b o u t
as figurecl.Phallosorne,p, with aedeagusextendedinto a capillaryp o i n t ; s o n a p o p h y s c su n u s u a l l yl o n g , b l a c l e l i k e p; enis vcry long,coilecl.Eighth sternite,8.s,very laree,sheathing,narrowccloutwarclly, terntinatingin two outer lobes, cach again clivideclinto two
s u b e q u a cl y l i n d r i c a l o b u l e s ,t h e i r t i p s p o i n t e d ,e a c h w i t h a s n l a l lsubapicaltubercle ( lobe of one sicleshown) .
H o l t t t y p c ,d , Q u i n c e n r i l C, u z c o , P e r u , 880 nteters,October
2 3 , 1 9 6 2 ( L . E . P ef r a ) . P a r a t o t y p e ,I d .
T h e n t o s t s i m i l a r r e g i o n a ls p e c i e si s ' f i p u l o ( 1 ' l i c r o t i p u l u )t l i a c a n t h o s
A l e x a n t l e r ,l [ ) 2| , r v h i c h l t a s a l l d e t a i l s o f t h e h y p o p v g i u m c l i s t i n c t .I t
now appears that 7'. (M.) t,lltra Alexanrler, 1929, is a synonym of
diacartltos.

Tipula (Eumicrotipula)amblythrixsp. n.
Belottgsto the glaphyroTtteragr()up, allieclto coronuria; general c()l o r a t i r t n o f b o t l y y e l l o w , p r a e s c u t a ls t r i p e s p o o r l y c l i f e r e n t i a t e t l ;w i n g s
l i s i r t \ ' e l l o w ,v e r y f a i n t l y p a t t e r n e cw
l i t h c l a r k e r ,s t i g m a s a t u r a t e r ly e l l o w ;ntalc hypollygittntwith posterior hrlrrler of tergite very gently c.onvex,
t h e n l e c l i a l tf l r t a: w i t h t l t r e e n t i c r o s c o l ' r iecn r a r g i n a t i o n sc; l o r s a l c r c . s t o f
i t t l t e r c l i s t i s t y ' lw
c i t h a b o u t l 6 r n o c l i f i e csle t a e , t l r e i r t i p s o b t u s e .
M a I e.

Length, about l6 nlnl; wing 16.5 nllll; antenna,a b o u t 6 n t n l . F r o n t a l p r o l o n u a t i r l no f h c a c ly c l l o w , i n c l u d i n gt h c
l o n g s l c n c l c rn a s u sw h i c h i s t i p p c c lw i t h l o n g y c l l o w s c t a ci p r o x i n r a l t h r c c s e g t n c n t so f p a l p i o b s c u r ey c l l o w , t e n n i n a l s e g n l c l t t

458

A l e x a n d e r , T r o p i c a l A n t e r i c a nT i p u l i c l a eI.I I

brown. Antennae with proxintal three scgmentsyellow, thesucceedingtwo or three with bases obscureyellow, tlte stems
darker, outer segmentsmore uniformly dark brown; f lagellar
resegmentslonger than their verticils,the basal enlargements
lativelysmall.Head whitish yellow; verticaltubercleentire.
Pronotuntyellow, sides pale brown. Mesonotalpraescutumwith ground yellowed,with f our poorly diff erentiatedyellowish
pair confluent
brow stripes,the posteriorendsof the intermediate
and more orange;posteriorscleritesof notumyellow,eachscutallobe with two yellowishbrown areas;scutellumand mediotergitc
with a vague capillary pale brown line. Pleura yellow, with apale brown stripeextendingfront
relativelybroad and conspicuous
the cervicalregion to beneaththe wing root on the dorsal pteropleurite.Haltereswith stent whitened,knob orange.Legs withcoxae and trochanterswhitish yellow; temora yellow, with, anarrow vaguely indicatedbrown subterminalring; tibiae andtarsi yellow, the outer segmentsof the latter dark brown; claws
sirnple.Wings light yellow, very f aintly patternedwith darker,
includingfour very restricteddarkeningsin costalregion,chiefly
in cell Sc; still fainter brown clouds at near two-thirdscell M
and one third cell Cu, both adjoiningvein Cu; stigrnamore saturated yeltow; veins yellow, restrictedlybrownishyellow in thepatterned areas. Abunclantmacrotrichiaon lrlngitudinalveinsteyond generallevelof origin of Rs, incluclingalso nluchof both
Anals. Venation: R, -, entire; petioletlt cell M I about one-halflongerthan m; m-cu closeto fork tlf Mn-n.
Abdonrenlight yellorv,the latcral tergal borders narrowly
darkened,the median areavcry indistinctlyclouded;hypopygium
yellowed.Male hypopygium (f ig. 7 ) with tergite, t, transverse,with abundantyellow setae;posteriorbordervery gently convex,
lateralanglesproduccdinto obtuseknobs,rnedianareawitlt thrce
that are separatedby flattcncdblaclcs.
emarginations
rnicroscopic
Appendageof ninth sternite,gs, relativelysntall, tipped witlt
scverallong yellow setae,thc longestexcet'dingthc appendage.
;
Outer dististylc,d, with outcr half f ecbly dilated, tip truncate
ycllow; rnodified
inner style with apex of bc'akobtuse,pc'ndattt,enlargedsetaeof cftlrsalcrest about l6 in nuntber,their apices
dilatcclinto obtuseknobs.Gonapophysis,{1, appearingas a subcircular ycllow platc, the ntargin produccdittto a sntall point.
of eighth sternite,8s, a small spatulateblade, narAppenclage
rowed at base,the width slightly nlore than one-halfthe lerrgth,
surfacervith abundantdelicatesmall setaeand fewer longerones.

StucliaEnt., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, dezenrbrolgOZ

.159

,8s

a

, 6

l0
t J g . i . T i p u l a ( E u r t t i t r o t i p u l a ) a m h l y t h r i x , s p . n . ; m a l e h -y-p- F
Fig. _tt.
opi gy.g i u n r .
T i . p u l a .( E u m i c r o t i p u l a )c h a r m o s y n a ,s p . n . ; m a l e h-y' p o' F
p iyEg.i u m .
9. Tipula.(Eur n i c r o t i l t u l a )l.u ' r s t e r i a n a , s p . n . ; m a l e h y p o p y g i u m .
10. Tipula (Eumicroti,pula)

Es'vards;nrale"ttnlfJii'l;.,ltrocarit'ornisr,(lJ,['?31:''' dististvie;
g' gonapophvsis;

H o l o t y p c ,d , S a r i a p a t n p aH,u a n u c oP, e r u ,3 , 6 0 0 - 4 , 1 0n0r c t e r s ,May ll, 1946(Felix Woytkowski).
Tipula (Eumicrotipula) amhl)'thrix is tolcl from other species that't. (E.)are allied tocoronaria Alexanderby the details of hypopygial
structure,as the bulbousobtuse tips of the nrodifiedsetae of the innerclististyle.The nrost nearly relateclspeciesis 'l'. (E.) sariapampac,sp. n.

Tipula (Eumicrotipula)charmosyne,
sp. n.
group, allieclto suhglttbrata,'
Befongsto tlte glaphyTopteromesonotumgray with conslricuous
brown markings; pleura with a clark brown longittrclinalstripe; legs black, femora with a very narrow subterminalyellow
r i n g ; w i n g s c o n s p i c u o u s lm
y a r m o r a t ew i t h b r o w n a n c l w h i t e ; m a l e h y popygium with posterior borcler of ninth tergite with two broad lobes
that are separatedby a narrower U-shapeclemargination;outer dististyleb r o a c l ,i n n e r s t y l e w i t h o u t a l o w f l a n g e o n o u t e r m a r g i n ; g o n a p o p h y s i s
w i t h a s m a l l a c u t es p i n e o n m a r g i n .

160

T i p u l i d a el .l ll merican
Alexancler, TropicaA

Length, abtlttt 17 llllll; rving 17.5 llllll; antenna'
M a I c.
alreut 3.4 lulll. Frontal prolongationtlf heaclbrtlwn, ligltt grayr; palpiblack,baseof secondsegntent
anclslcncle
abgvc;pasuslt-rng
scapc
palcr. Antcnnaeof ntale rclativcly sltort, l2-segntentecl;
ancl peclicclyellow, flagellurnblack, thc segntentswith scarcely
subcqualttl the longcstvcrticils.
basal enlargenrents,
clevelopecl
s tlt postcriorvertcx vaguely
Hcacl gray, palcr antericlrly,sicle
clarkcnccl.
Pronoturnlight ycllow with a stnall ltrown sublatcralspot.
praescutunr
N{csonotal
i{ray with thrcc brown stripes,the ntecliarr
by gray at antcritlrcnclanclnearccntcr,
very irrcgular,interruptecl
hurncralrcgion and a broad ntarginalspot beforesuturedarker
brown
ltrown; scutunrgray, eaclt lobe with twtl discttnnectedbrownishblack; tnespots;scutcllunrbrownisltgra!, parascutellaclarkbrown with a largc gray area on sidesof anterior
cliotergitc
Italt, plcurotergitcextensivclysilvery white. Pleura i{ray with aclark ltrown longituciinalstripe extendingf rom cervical region
behind;narrowedand ntoreor lessinterrupted
t9 the pteropleurite,
light yellow, narrowly bordereddorsallyntenrbraneclorsoplcuralby dark brown. Halteresobscureyellow, knob clearer yellow.
Legs with coxae gray, fore pair brown llasally; fetnora black,nlore evidenton posteriorlegs, withbase'svaguelybrightenecl,
a narrow obscureyellow ring tar before tip, retnainderof legswith brownntartnorate
black; claws sirnple.Wings conspicuously()n a w6itenedgrouncl,the twtl ctllors subcqualin extent, thebrown areason anteriorhalf, with ftlur in cclls Sc and R, theobliquelyacrossouter end of cell 1sf M2
last at corcl,extencleclt o t h e f o r k o f M 1 - 2 ; t w o c o n r p a r a b lber o w n a r e a si n o u t e rr a d i a lfield; palerbrown rttarkingsin outer cnclof cell M and especiallynrarginaldarkcningsat
in cclls Cu ancl thc Anals; cxpanclecl
crrclsof all longitudinalvcins; the chiet whitenedground arcas
in cells R anclM, acrosscell /.sf M2 into cell M,r, bcytlnd tlte
cord in <luterraclialticlcl anclgtttcr half clf ccll Rr,i vc'insbrown,
ptoreycllowcdin the grounclarcas.Venation:Rs ltlttg strbcqualor slightly excecdingtwicc nFcu.
tc.rgitcslight ltrowtt, tltc latcral ntargins
Basal al'lclrlrninal
anclpostcrirlrborclcrsof scgtttcttttwo ancl tltosc folltlwing lllackcnts lllorc uniforrtrly light brown; basal sternites
nccl, outer scgure
brownish ycllow, the outer scgrttentsmore uniformly brownish
gray. Male hypopyuiunr(fig. S) with postcrior lrorder of tergitc,
into two broaclloltcs that arc scparatcclby a narrowcr
t, proclucccl
U-shapeclcnrargination.Appcnclagcof ninth stcrnitc,9s, subtlval,

S t u d i a E r t t . ,v o l . 1 0 . f a s c . l - 4 . c l c z e r t t b r1r ,1 t t ) 7

l0r

te'rntinatingin very long yellowsetac.Outer dististyle, d, unusuallyltroacl,its diameternaarly two-thirds that of thc-inner stylc, thelatter with very sparsevestiturc',as in subglabrata.Conapophysis,g, on outer margin producedinto a snrall acute spine. Eighthsternitewith posteriorborder gently convc'x,nrcdiallynroremenrbranous,with long yellow setae.
ntetcrs,
Huanuco,Peru,3,000-4,100
Holotype,d, Sariapampa,
May 2, 1946(Felix Woytkowski).
Tipula (Eumicrotipula)charntosyneis most sinrilar to T. (E.) subglabrata Alexander,likewise from Peru, the two speciescliffering in thec o l o r a t i o no f t h e t h o r a x a n d w i n g s a n d i n t h e h y p o p y g i a sl t r u c t r t r ei,n cluclingespeciallybotlt clististylesancl the gonapopltyses.

Tipula (Eumicrotipula)foersterianasp. n.
Belongsto the glaphyropteragroup; size small (wing of male aboutl 2 m m ) ; g e n e r a lc o l o r a t i o no f m e s o n o t u ml i g h t g r a y , p r a e s c u t u mw i t h
f o u r n a r r o w d a r k e r s t r i p e s ;a n t e n n a e( S ) v e r y l o n g , n e a r l y e q u a l t o t h ewing, black, flagellar segmentswith clenseerect black setae,basal enlarg e m e n t ss m a l l ; f e m o r a y e l l o w ,t i p s b r o w n i s hb l a c k , c l a w s s i m p l e ;w i n g s
p a l e b r o w n , s t r i p e c ll o n g i t u d i n a l l yw i t h p a l e r , i n c l u c l i n ga n e a r l y c o n t i n u o u ss t r i p e f r o m n e a r h a s eo f c e l l R t o w i n g t i l l i n c e l l R i , , c e l l M o f
g r a y , h y p o p y g i u nfru l v o u s ;m a l e h y p o p y g i u mt h e g r o u n c lc o l o r ; a b c l o m e n
w i t h t e r g a l l o b e s b r o a c l ; i n n e r d i s t i s t y l ew i t h c l o r s a lc r e s t h i g h ; g o n a pophysis a broacl flattened blarle, tip obtuse, lateral margin procluced
i n t o a f i n g e r l i k el o b e ; e i g h t h s t e r n i t ew i t h o u t a c l i s t i n c at ppendage.

M a I e.
L e n g t h ,a b o u t l 0 - 1 0 . 5 m n l ; w i n s 1 2 - 1 2 . 5m n l ;antcnna,about I I .5-I I .6 mm. Frontal prolongationof heacllightg r a y a b o v e ,d a r k e ro n s i d e s ;n a s u sl a c k i n s ;p a l p i b l a c k .A n t e n n a cof rnalevery long, exceedingthe body and ncarly equal to thc
w i n g , b l a c k t h r o u g h o u t ,t h e s c a p e s l i g h t l y p r u r i n o s ef;l a g c l l a r
segtnentsvery long-cylirrdrical,
with snrall basal cnlargcnrents;
segntcntswitlt clensc'
ercct setar',the verticilsonly a little longc.r,
abtltttonc-tentltthc scgrncnt.Head gray; antcriurvcrtcx ltrtlad.
Pronottttttgray. Mesonotalpracscuturnlight gray with f ournarrow darker stripc's,the interrnediatc
pair be.hindnarrowcclto
points,lateralpracscutalbrlrdcrssinrilarlyclarkcnccl;
scutunrgray,caclt loltc witlt two separatcd darker arcas; scutcllunrancl
postttotunrligltt Sray, with a narrow brown ltancl at postcrior
borclcrof mccliotcrgitc
ancl clorsalkataplcurotcrgite.
Plcura lightgra/, vaguely patte'rnedwith darkcr gray; cltlrsoplcural
tllclnbrane buffy ltrown. Halteresstcrn brown, knoll browltishblack.
Legs with coxae light gray; trochantersdark brou,n; f ernora

162

T i p t r l i d a eI l.ll merican
A l e x a n c l e r , T r o p i c aA

yellow,tips abruptlybrownishblack,thc alllountsubequalon alllegs,includingabout the outer sixth of fore fentur; tibiaebrown,
tips blackened; tarsi black, claws simplc. Wings pale brown,
stripecllongitudinallywith paler, includinga nearly continuous
stripe from near base of cell R, acrossthe cord to the outercncl of cell Rr,; further brighteningsinclude the outer half ofcell Cu and base of /s/ A, with small less evidentpale arcas
clsewhereon membrane;veins light brown. Outer radial veins
lackingon outer branchesof M and Ctr
rvith sparsernacrotrichia,
as well as all veins basaclof cord and behind R. Venation:; cell M I about onc-ftlurth
Basal halt of vein R, -, preserved
longerthan its petiolc;m-cu on Ml bcyondthe fork'
AbclomenEraY,hypopygiumfulvous.Male hypopygium(fig.
g) with the large tergite yellow, transverse,posteriorbordervery shallowlyemarginatewith a further deep and narrow mcclian notch, the lobes thus formed broad, with very small andyellow setae.Outer dististyle,d, spatulateon outerinconspicuous
6alf; innerstylewith both beak and lowerbeakobtuse,blackened;
setae.Gonaclorsalcresthigh, rounded,with small inconspicuous
pophysis,g, appearingas a broad f lattenedblade, tip obtus-',iatlral marginproducedinto a fingerlikelobe,with a secondsmaller
blade at base of the outer apophysis.Eighth sternitewithout a, the apical merllbranewith sparse
distinct nreclianappend?ge
scatteredsetae.
feet),
meters( 13,325
Colombia,4,l00
Holotype,i, Manizales,' Pa3l , 1958 (collectorRuiz, throughJuan Focrster)December
ratopotype,6 .
I am pleasedto dedicatethis speciesto Juan Foerster,of Argentina,
to whom i am inclebtedfor numerousNeotropicalTipulidae.The closest
ally is Tipula (Eumicrotiputa)procericornisEdwards,from high altitttclei in th; EcuadoreanAndes. This has the antennaevery similar inlength and vestiturebut dilfers evidentlyin t!. w.ing pattern and in
lryf.pygial structure,especiallythe ninth tergite, inner dististyle ancl
(fig. l0)'t;,;u;,;physis.I have shown the hypopygiumot..pro.cericornis
basedon a paratypein my collectirin.The clistributionof pale col-orin
the principallongictiifersjn the two species,in procericornis
the wings'ittip.
includingcell M instead.of cell R as in the presentfly.
tuclinal't. (E.) ol.ssoniana
Afxander, front the high paramo in Merida, Venemeters) likewiseis allied btrt more clistantlyso.
zuela (+,OaO

SttrcliaEnt., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, rlezembrol967

163

Tipula (Eumicrotipula)kuschelisp. n.
Belongsto the glaphyropterogroup; stenopterous;generalcolorationg r a y ; p a l p i , a n t e n n a ea n c l l e g s b l a c k ; w i n g s l o n g a n d s t r a p l i k e ,m i l k ywhite; intermediateabdominaltergites polishedblack; male hypopygiumwith posteriorborder of tergite with a V-shapednotch, vestitureof lobes
sparseand microscopic;eighth sternitevery shrlrt,constrictecl
at miclwiclth,
without lobes or appenclages.

M a l e . - L c n g t h ,a b o u t 1 0 - 1 2n r m ; w i n g 4 . s - 5 b y 0 . l s - 0 . 2mm; antenna,about 5.6-5.8 nrm. Frontal prolongationof he,acl
black, sparsely pruinose,very clecp, in clire.ctalignnrentwith
the anterior vertex and remainderof f ront, the enrargination
comnlorrlypresentat its base lacking;nasuslacking;palpi black.
Antennacrelativcly long, black throughout;scapeshort, slightly
nlore than one-halfthc subcylindricalfirst flagellarsegment,succeedingflagellarsegntentsvery strongly nodose,the outer swelling largerthan the basalenlargement,
coverc.dwith a short dense
pubescencebut without verticilsexcepton thc basalenlargements
where they are short and stout, much less than the segments.
Head graY,vertical tuberclescarcelydeveloped;anterior vertex
very broad, nearly twice the exposeddiameterof the eye.
Pronotumdark gray. Mesonotalpraescutum
graI, with vague
indicationsof a darker stripei posteriorscleritesof notum graypruinose;V-shapedsuture very shallow, the lateral arms only
slightlyevident.Pleuradark gray, the anteriorclorsopleural
membranelight yellow.Halteresnormallydeveloped,
dark brown. Legs
relativelylong; coxae light gray, trochantersdarker; remainderof lcgsblack,sparselypruinose,thc surfaceappearingsubglabrous,
the vcstitttrebeing vcry short and appressed;tibial spurs longand slcncler,smooth; claws small, sinrple.Wings long but vcry
narrow, as shown by the nteasurernents,
strapliketo producean
extremestenopterous
condition;when bent backward extending
about to threc-fif ths the length of abdonrcnand more than twice
tlte lengtltof thc halteres;colorationmilky white with pale veins,those behind R only vaguely apparcntbeing best indicatedby
strong macrotrichiaon C, R and along a vcin in the outer fourtlr
of lving, prcsurrrablythe remnantof Rn-r,.
Abdorrrenwith intermediatetergitespolishedblack, thc firstand outcr scgntents,togethc'rwith the stcrnites,gray pruinosc.
Male hypopygiunr(f ig. I I ) with the tergite, t, large, narrowccl
outwardly,posteriorborderwith a V-shapednotch,lobessubtrian8ular, with sparse conspicuoussetigerouspuncturesthat bearnricrosc<.lpic
setae. Basistylc, b, cornplc-telyseparatecl,conrpact.

1ti4

A l c x { t n c lc r ,'l'rollicalA l t t e r i c a t rf i p t r l i t l a e .l l l

Outer clististylc,d, a clarkcncclclull, rvith lonQ clclicatesctac;
conlpact,lowcr beak very tlbtusc; regioll
inner style blackenecl,of dorsal crest with long yellow sctae.Phallosonteincluclingtltt'
snlall aedeagusancl large flatteneclctlttplex clark coltlrecl.Gonapophyses,g, shapeclabout as figurecl,the latcral pair tnicrt.scopiially setuliferousor scabrous.Eighth sternite,Bs, vL'ry sltort,
with both t5e posterior and cephalic bordc'rsetnarginatc,tltc
central part, only about onc-fif tit
length across the constrictecl
the breadth; transverseinrpressedlines conspicuous,ekrngatc;
posterior border extensivelyprocluceclinto pale tnenrbrancbtrt
without a nredianappendage;marginsof laterallobeswith allout
four or tive snrallsetae,the rnicllinewith about eight ttticroscopic
bristles.
Holotype,il , P. Willianrs,Isla Navarino,BcagleCanal,Tierra'
Ktrschcl)
clcl Fucgo, chile, 600 ntetcrs,January 7, 1959 (G.
P a r a t o p o t y p e3s , 6 6 , J a n u a r y4 - 7 , 1 9 5 9 'speThe speciesis declicatedto Guillermo Kttschel,clistingtrishetl
indebteclftlr coopecialist in the curculi'niclae,t0 whom I am greatlyinteresting
known the crane-fliesof Chile.This trtrttsually
ration in making'rifila is entirely clistinctfrom other speciesin the sttbgentt:-'
srrbapterous
wings.Theseinclttcle
Alexanderwheie the maleshaverecluced
Ettnticrrtipura'fiputo (Eumicrott:iptila')taken on Mirrza Riclge'phalangio,-d!l^Alexancler,
meters,by F' Martin Browtt'
Tungurahua,Ecuacillr,ut g,goo-4,959
Volcan' t . ( E . ) , i n o r i o r s k o y i A l e x a n c l e r9,f M o u n t C h a p e l c gN
, ettqtten'-Arancl'1,2b0meters,coilecteclby Serge S Schach,vsk.y'B.th 'f thcse
g.;tina,
It sh,ttltl
lp..i..'have the wings very recluiecl,shorter than the halteres. wltere
he noteclthat there are varirlttsother membersof the sttbgenus
irt
but nlorc or less reclttcecl
in the nrales
tlre wings are fully cleveloped' f ( 8 . ) e l t t c r o e t ' t t tP' h i l i p P ia t t c l
t h e f e m a l es e x , i n " C h i l e t t i e s ei r r c l u c l i n g .
1 . (E.) dimorPhaAlexantler'

Tipula (Eumicrotipula)mecoglossasp. r.r'
Bel.ngs to the monilifera group; mesonotal praescuttrmallltrlst ttnif o r m l y r b i c u r e o r a n g e , t h e f o u r s t r i p e s o n l y v a g u e l y i n d i c a t e t l :a t t t e n l t a e
o f m a l e m o r e t h a n , l n e - h a l f t h e w i n g ; f e n r o r ao b s c u r e\ , ' e l l o t t 't,i 1 ' t sc o n s l r i c wings nrarnrrlrateclbrown ancl rvltite, the latter color
ruotrslyblackenecl;'beyondhackwarclinto base of cell lf't;
stigma, extenclecl
incl'cling a bancl
witlr posterirtr borcler of ninth tergite very narrtlr'r'ly
male hypepygium
emargi,irit.l ipe* of ninth sternite densely clothecl with sltort retlclislt
s e t a e ; g o n a p o p h y s i su n e q u a l l y h i l o b e c l ,t h e r l t t t e r b l a c l e a l r r o a t l s p a t t t l a 'antl
6 e s i r , i r t e r ' i n n e ra r m a c u t e ; a p p e n c l a g eo f e i g h t h s t e r n i t e v e r y k r t t gsleltlcr, abotrt f il,r. tinres as lting as the tliantetcr across tlrc l'rase.

Lcngth, about l5 rnnl; wing 14.2 llllll; antt'nn.ll,
A 4a I c .
a S r l u t8 l l p ' r . F r o n t a l p r o l o n q a t i o no f l t c a c ll v i t h c l t l r s a lh a l t y c l lowecl, including thc' klng nasus, tlttt siclcs blackenccl,paling ttl
brown beneath; palpi black, tips crf the itrtertllediatesegntents

465

StudiaEnt., vol. 10, fasc. l-.1, dezentbro1967

t7
ll

t3

4
l4

-t

R,
r5

F i g . l l . T i p u l a ( E u m i c r o t i p u l a )k u s c h e l i ,s p . n . ; m a l e h y p o p y g i u m .- F i g . 1 2 . T i p u l a
I"iS. 13. Tipula (Iiumicro( l i u m i c r o t i l t u l a ) m ( c o g l o s s a ,s p . n . ; n t a l e l t y p o p y g i u m .
tipula) odontomera, sp. n.; male hypopygium.- Fig. 14. Tipula (Eumicrotipula) r('d u n c { t ,s p . n . ; n r a l eh y p o p y g i u m-. F i g . 1 5 . T i p u l a ( E u m i c r o t i p u l a )s a r i a p a m p a es, p . n . ;r n a l e h y p o p y g i u m -. ( S y m b o l s :b , b a s i s t y l e ;d , d i s t i s t y l e ;g , g o n a p o p h y s i ss; , s t e r n i t e ;t, tergite).

narrowly pale. Antcnnacof malc'nrore than one-halfthe wing;proxintal thrcc sc'grttcrtts
ycllow, succeedingf lagellar segments
llrrtwnishycllow with conspicuolrs
hemispherical
blackcncdenlargments,outermostsegmentsuniformly black; whitenedsctae
of segments
moderatelylong,shorterthan the black dorsalbristle,rnuchshorterthan the basalverticils.Head buffy gray.
Mesonotalpraescutumalmost uniformlyobscurcorange,thefour usual stripesonly slightly and vaguc,lyindicated;darkened
patternof scutal lobes brown, poorly indicatedon the brownish
gray ground;scutellumbrownishyellow,more darkenedmedially,
30

466

A I e x A n d e r , ' l - r o p i c a l A n r e r i c a nT i p u l i d a e .I l lparasctrtelladarkcr;rnediotergite
weaklyinfuscatedon sides,cent r a l a r e a m o r e y e l l o w e d .P l e u r a a n d p l e u r o t e r g i t el i g h t y e l l o w ,i n c l u d i n gt h e c l o r s o p l e u r anll c n r b r a n eH. a l t e r e sw i t h s t e m o b s c u r cyellow, clearer basally, knob clark brown. Legs with coxac ancl
trochantersyellow; fentora obscure yellow, tips conspicuously
l l l a c k e n e;d t i b i a e b r o w n , p a s s i n g i n t o b l a c k ; t a r s i b l a c k , c l a w s

toothecl.Wings with thc grounclbrown with a clearly clefinedn'ltitcne'dpattern that is rnuch nrore restricte.dthan the grourtl,
the chief clarkenecl
areasbasaclof crlrclincluclingtwo nrajor nrarks
occupying both cclls R and M, with f urther alte'rnatingwhitc.
a n c fb r o w n a r c a si n c c l l C u ; c e l l I s t A w i t h a z i g z a g b r i g h t e n i n g
at ncar nricllcngth;bc'yonclcorcl with a broad band extending
f ront costa into base of cell M t, with nlore than the basal half
crt cell /.s/ M! whitened;restrictedpale nrarks at end of cell Rr,

and near baseof M r i veinsdark brown,brightenedin the palc
f ic'lds;cellsC and Sc uniforrnlybrown; veinslrrown.Venation:
Pctioleof ccll Mt and m subequal.
Abdonrinaltergiteslight brown, broadly darkenedlaterally,
stcrnitcsnlorc yellowccl,hypnpygiurnchic'fly infuscated.Malc
hypopygiunt( f ig. 12) with posteriorborder of tergitc, t, vcry
shallowlyconcavc,with a snlall lincar cmargination,
thc laterallobes thus fornredsubtruncate,
the lateral angles only slightly
produced;tergal vestitureshort and palc. Ninth sternite,9s,
with lobe suboval,the outer enclwith dcnscshort redclisltsetae,
thc rcnraincler
with fewcr long bristlcs.Outcr dististyle,d, with
outcr half slightly cxpandccl,
sorneof thc outer ntarginalsetae
vcry long; inner stylc rclativclylong ancl narrow; bc'akobtusc,
Iowcr beak vcry [rlunt,both blackcncdncar thcir bases;setac
not forrninga conlb.
of outer nrarginlong and pale, scattc'red,(ionapophysis,g, unequallybilobed,the outerbladea conspicuous
spatula,inrrerarnl shorter,its apcxacute.Eighthsternite,
flattenecl
8.s, with appcndagcvery long and slcndcr, gracluallynarrowed
to the obtr.rseapcx, thc lcngth about fivc titncs the clianteter
acrossthe base, vestiturclong and palc.
Montcrrcclonclo,
Holotype,I , Cundinarnarca,
Colorttbia,1,42O
nrctcrs,Dcccntbc'r
7 , 1 9 5 8( J u a r rF o c r s t c r ) .
Tipula (Eumirrotipula) ntecoglossais generally similar to T. (E.)
i t t t t u l t t : t tAs l e x a n d e r ,o f P e r u , c l i f f e r i n gi n t h e s h o r t e r a n t e n n a e t, l i f f e r e n t
w i n g p a t t e r n , a n c l i n h y p o p y g i a l c h a r a c t e r s ,i n c l u d i n g e s p e c i a l l yt h e
g o n a p o p h y s easn d e i g h t h s t e r n i t e .

lg67
Studia Ent., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, clezentbro

467

sp. n.
odontomera
Tipula (Eumicrotipula)
Belongs to the gtaphyroptera group, alliecl to coronaria,' praescutalpair separatedby a capillary darker vitta;
stripes orange,the intermecliate
wings light yellow, restrictedlypatterned with brtlwn; male hypopygiuntwith motlifietlsetae of dorsal crest of inner dististyleslightly dilated near
apex, thenceextendeclinto hairlike points; gonapophysisa slender cttrved
tooth.

M a I e . - L c n g t l ta
, b o u t1 6 . 5m m ; w i n g 1 7. 5 m m ; a n t e n n a ,about 4.4 mrn.
F c n ra l e . - L c n g t h a, b o u t1 6 . 5 - 1 7n l n l ; w i n g 1 7 . 5 - l Bm r n .
Frontal prolongationof head light yellow above,including
the slendernasus,ventral halt slightly darker; proximal two
segnrentsof palpi brownisltyellow, remainderblack, relatively
short. Antennaeof male with proximal f our segmentsyellow,
the pedicelpaler;succeeding
segrnents
weaklybicolored,
the smallbasal enlargementbrownish black, stenl paler, outer segments
more unifornrly darkened; verticilsshorter than the segntents.
Head yellowed,with a faint grayishtinge, posteriororbits very
narrowlyyellow.
Pronotutttyellow, vaguelypattc'rnedwith darkc.r.Mesonotal
praescutum
ycllow with four orangestripes,the intermcdiatepair
separatecl
by a capillary clarkervitta; scuturrrycllow, each klbc
with two palc brown areas;scutellumand rnediotergite
yellowed,with a capillarypale lrrownline. Pleuraand pleurotergite
yellow,
the formcr witlt a pale brown dorsal stripe extendingfronr thc
cervicalregion to the clorsalanepisternum.
Haltereslong ancl
slcncler,light yellow.Legswith coxaeand trochanters
paleyellow;
fenrorayellow with a narrow palc brown subternrinal
ring; rcmainderof legsyellow,outer tarsalsegnrents
dark brown; claws
simple.Wings pale yellow, weakly patternedwith light brown,
includingsmall cloudsat atroutone-thirdand tip of cell Sc andat origin of Rs; nlorc extensivcseamsalong vein Cu in outcr
encl of cell M, lraseof cell Cu, and along vein 2nd A in cell
1sf A; still further paler seams at cord and as streaks inouter end of cell /s/ A; whitencdobliterativeareas relatively
conspicuous,especiallyacross basc of cell /.s/ M2 and intrl
adjoiningcells;stigrnapale yc'llow;veinslight brown, tnoreyellowed in the prcarcularand costal fields ancl behind ve'inCu.
pattcrnis cvcnpalc'rancllessconspicIn the femalcsthc clarkened
uous. Longitudinalveins with rnacrotrichiaalntost to arculus,
m o r e r e s t r i c t e do n b a s a ls e c t i o no f C t t r . V e n a t i o n :R t - r c n t i r e ;R.sabout one-halflongerthan nt-cu; petioleof cell M r subequal
to m.
30*

.168

A I e x a n d e r , ' l ' r o p i c a l A m e r i c a nT i p u l i d a e l. l l

Abdontcnyclltlw, latcral tcrgal borclcrspalc brown, tlutcr
scgnrentsnlorc uniformly clarkened;hypopygiurnyellow. Malc.
Itypopygium(fig. l3) eenerally as in amhtythrix ancl allic.s.
Ninth tergite, t, with lateral angles low, nreclianarca rvith a
U-shapedentarginationbut without spinous points, the setae
yello, long and delicatebut very inconspicuous.
Appendageofn i n t h s t e r n i t e , 9 5 , o v a l , w i t h s t r o n g s e t a e .O u t e r d i s t i s t y l e ,d ,witlt the outer half spatulate,with conspicuous
setae,apex obtusc;
inner style with the nrodifiedsetaeof dorsalcrest slightly dilatccl
beforetip, extendedbeyondthis into hairlikepoints.Conapophysis,.9, a slendercurved tooth from an expandedbasc. Appendage
of cighth sternite,8.s, not strongly constrictednear base, with
abundantsetulacand scatteredpale setac.
Holotypc,d, PiedrasGrandes,Huanuco,Peru,3,000 nreters,
N o v e m b e rl l , 1 9 3 7 ( F e l i x w o y t k o w s k i ) . A l l o t o p o t y p e ,9 , N o vember 17, 1937. Paratopotype,g , Novemberl O, 1937.
Tipula (Ettnticrotiputa) odontomera is closely related to T. (6'.)
antblythrix, sp. n., and. 'r. (8.) sariapantpee,sp. n., cliffering in the
shorter antennaeand especiallyin the hypopygial structure, inclucling
the tergite,gonapophyses,
and nature of the moclifiecl
setaeof the dorsalc r e s to f t h e i n n e r d i s t i s t y l e .

Tiputa (Eumicrotipula)omniluteasp. n.
S i z e l a r g e ( w i n g o f f e m a l e 2 1 . 5 m m ) ; c o l o r a t i o no f b o c l y c h i e f l yyellow, praescutumwith two faintly indicateclorange intermediatestripes;
halteresyellrlw, knob orange; legs orange yellow, femrlra unpatterned;
w i n g s c l e a rl i g h t y e l l o w ,t h e o u t e r f o u r t h w i t h a v e r y p a l e b r o w n s u f f u s i ' n ,n o c l a r k e n i n ga t o r i g i n o f R . s ; a b c l o m i n atle r g i t e s - u n i f o r m l y e l l o w .

F c n r a I c . - L e n g t h ,a b o ut 2 2 n l n l ; w i n g 2 l . b n r m ; a n t e n n a ,about 3.5 Inm. Frontal prolongationof head subequalin lengtl
to the remainder,orangeyellow, includingthe long nasus f irst;
palpal segmentlight brown, the remainderdarker, terrlinal segntent relativcly sltort. Antennaewith proxirnal three segllents
yellow,thc retttaincler
bicolorecl,
bascsnarrowly5rown, thc lsnger
rlttterpart yelltlw, tertttirtalsegnrcntklng-oval,clark brown; f irst
flagcllar segll'lt'tltlonger than the scape.Heaclclgll yellow; vertical tuberclebroad and low.
Prontlturrt
ycllow, with a narrow inconspicuous
brown central
lirre. Mesonotalpraescutunrwith the grouncl ycllow, with two
faintly clifferentiatedintcrntediateorangestripes,the lateralstripes
slightly clarker,interspaces
betleen the stripesvaguelydarkenecl;
scutallobesorange,their anteriorenclsslightly darker; scutellumStudiaEnt., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, dezembro1967,169

yellowed, with a scarcelyindicated darkenec-l
and mecliotergite
yellow; dorsrlpleurallllclllcentralvitta. Pleura ancl plcurotc.rgite
braneorangeyellow.Haltereswith stentpale yellow; knob orange.
yellow; remainderof legs orange
Legswith coxaeand trochantersdarker.
yellow,femorawithout pattern;outer threetarsalsegnlents
Wings clear light yellow with about the outer fourth, beyondthe
cord, f aintly suff used with very pale brown; colllparablevague
cloudsat near one-thirdthe length of cell Cu and in outer ends
of both Anal cells; no indicationof a darkeningat origin of Rs;
three tiny whitenedobliterativespots, one prestignral,the tlthers
rrn either side of cord in cellsR and I st M2; veinsyellow,cxtensively whiteneclalong corcl,includingtlutcr end of Rs ancl ttttlst
o f b a s a ls e c t i o nt > tM 3 . M a c r o t r i c h i ao n v ei n s R i - : r , R r , R r - s , M t ,M r , M t , ' M + , d i s t a l s c c t i o no f C u r , a n d t i p s o f / s / A a n d b a s a l: Rt -,
sectionof cu ,, lacking on R.s,M and Znd A. Vcrratitln
entire,whitenecl; Rs about one-tourthlonger tltan m-cu; m ancl
peti,lc of cell Mt subequal;nt-ctton Mt beyond the perpcndicular base.
Abdominaltcrgites unifrlrnrly ycllow, sternitessimilarly yellowed, the intertnediatesegmentsnarrowly blackened,especiallylaterally.ovipositorwith cercielongate,slender,gentlyupcurved'
Hglotype, g , sariapaffiP?,Huanucg,Pcru' 3,600-4,100 nlet e r s ,M a y 9 , 1 9 4 6 ( F e l i x W o y t k o w s k i ) 'is Tiputa(Eumicrotipula)
4ltThe mostsimilarspecies_semivulpina

is a smaller
xantler,of Ayacucho,Peru, which is adult in Septembe-r.
.This
wings
fly with the ioloratirin slightly tlifferent,includingthe halteres,legs,
areand abclominaltergites. ii upp.utr certain that two distinct speciesisrepresentedand tlat this *itt be confirmed when the ntale sex
discovered.

Tipula (Eumicrotiputa)redunca sp. 11.
Belongst9 the glaphyropteragroup; wing of male abottt 17.5 nlm;
biack; mesonotalpraescutumobscttre yelltlw
antennaesh9rt, f lag-ellumwith four entire brown stripes; femora yellow, tips blackened,preceded
hy a more yelloweclring, claws simple; w_ingswith a tesselatedpatternentire;male hypopygitrm
n i p a l e y e l l o w i s hw h i t e a n c l b r o w n , v e i n R ' - ,-iobes
ancl additional more*.it5 1l,.,iteri,,rborcler of tergite with paireil
laterai slenderspines; gonapophysisa sclerotizedrod, before apex protlucetllateral into a p,,werfuiipine with a smaller lateral tottth; posteritlr
that bears five strongb,rrler of eighth stcinite with a snrall appenclage
setae.

L c n g t h , a b o u t l 7 n u l l ; w i r i g 1 7. 5 n l t l l; a n t e n n a 'M a I c.
about 2.5 rnm. Frontal prolongationof head light brown above,
lower clarkerbrown, nasuselongate;palpi black. Antennaeshort;

470

Alexander,T r o p i c a lA m e r i c a nT i p u l i c l a eI I. I

scapeyellow;pedicelvery paleyellow,flagellumblack;flagellar
segments
virtuallysimple,withouta basalenlargement,
aboutonehalf longer than their verticils.Head brownish gray, sides ofposteriorgenaeand a capillarycentralvitta weaklymorb darkened.
Mesonotalpraescutumobscureyellow with four entire brown
stripes;posteriorscleriteslight gray, scutal lobc.swith confluent
brown areas;parascutella
brown,nrediotergite
chiefly dark brown,
the anterolateralpart yellowed,pleurotergitebrown, the katapleurotergite
darker.Pleuraobscureyellow,variegatedby brown,
most evident on the anepisternumand ventral sternopleurite.
Haltereslight yellow throughout.Lcgs with coxaeobscureyellow,
anterior f aces clarkened;trochantersobscure yellow; femora
yellow, tips rather broadly blackened,precedeclby a vague moreyellowed ring; tibiae brown, tarsi passing into black; claws
simple.Wings with ground pale yellowishwhite, conspicuously
variegatedand tesselatedby brown, the dark areas exceeding
the ground in amount;darker brown markingsin basesof cells
R and M, continued to costa; other sonrewhatequidistantly
spacedareas at about one-thirdthe length of cell, at origin ofRs and over cord; beyond the cord the darkeningsincludetheouter end of cell /sf Mr, outer radial cells and marginalspots
at ends of the other veins; cell Sc beyond base uniformly pale
brown; veinsyellow,pale brown in the cloudedparts.Longitudinalveins beyondcord chiefly with conspicuous
nracrotrichia,
lackingon outer half of Rt -r. Venation: Rt -, entirc; petiole of cellM r and m subequal;nt-cu at f ork of Ms-a.
Abdominaltergitesreddishbrown,darkenedlaterally,sternites
and hypopygiumnloreuniformlybrownishblack.Male hyp,rpygiunr(fig. l4) with tergite,t, transverse,
the posteriorbordergenerally
convex, thc margin with a strong lobe on either side of a
U-shapedemargination,
each krbe producedlaterad into a shortpoint; more laterallyon nlarginwith a furtherslenderacutepoint.
Appendageof ninth sternite,9s, a small lobe that bears several
very long setaethat are directedcaudad.Basistylesmall. Outerdististyle,d, long and slender,pale, with coarse setae; inncr
style narrow, thc bcak slightly proclucccl,lowcr beak stoutcr,
truncatedand blackenedat apex; basc of style slightly enlargecl
or produced into an obtuse lobe, vestiture of style very sntall
and inconspicuous.
Gonapophysis,
f , distinctive,appearingas asclerotizedrod, tip obtuse,before apex produccdlateraclinto a
pclwerftrlslightly curved spine with a snrallcr tooth on lowcr
faceat near midlength.Eighth sternite,8s, very short, transverse,

StucliaEttt., vol. 10, fasc. l-4, clezentbro1967471

orrly aposterior border gcntly convex, the meclianappenclage
little longer than the breadth acrossbase, its apex with a fcw
strongspinelikesetae.
Holotype,6 , Manizales,Colonrbia,3,500 rttctcrs, Dect'tt-tbcr
3 1 , 1 9 5 8 ( J u a nF o e r s t e r ) .
fly is quite tlifferent from the numerotlsother regional
The present'ofmembers the giaphyropteragroup having the same general size antl
appearancein the siructuie of the hypopygium,especiallyof the tergite,
ninth sternite,dististyles,gonapophl'sisand eighth sternite.Other superasteria Alexander,
ficially similar speciesinclude 7'iputa (Eumicrotipula'S
gf
of Peru, and 7'. (8.) bathromeccsAlexander, Bolivia.

sp. n.
Tipula (Eumicrotipula)sariapampae
Belongs t6 the glaphyropterogroup, alliecl to coronaria; getleralcgloratigngf body yeilow, praescutumwith three orange stripes,itt cases
clividedby a daiker central line; wings pale yellow, the light brownpattern very restricteclancl indistinct;abdomenyellow, s.idestlf the more
proximal tergites narrowly brown; male hypopygiu*.with mecliannotchwith a compactgroupdorsalcrestof inner clististyleof tergite conspicuous;of about 15 simple setae that narrow gracluallyinto hairlike points;
gonapophysisoval, the marginal lobe stctut.

L e n g t h , a b o u t I 5 . 5 -1 6 n l n l; w i n g 1 7- 1 7. 5 r l l n l ;M a I e.
antenna,about 6-6.2 mm.
L e n g t h ,a b o u t 1 7 m n l ; w i n g 1 8 m n l .
F e m a I e.
Frontal prolongationof head yellow, sparselypruinclse,including nasus; proximal two segntentsof palpi yellow, the rcmainder black. Antennaeof nlale relativelylong, as sltown by
proximal three segntentsyellow, succeeding
the measurements;
blackcnccl,
wc.aklybicolored,the sntallbasalenlargentents
seglllents
stenrsdark brown, only the outer segntentsnlore unifornrlydarkened. Head brownish yellow, sparselygray pruinose.
Pronotunrrvhitisltyclkrw, narrowly clarkcnednreclially,rlrorc
broadly so on siclcs.Mesonotalpraescuturnyellow witlt tltrcc
ntore orange stripes,the ccntral onc in cases with a capillaly
d a r k e r n r e d i a nv i t t a ; s c u t a l l o b c s f a i n t l y p a t t e r n c dw i t h l i g h t
of noturrtarayishycllow,rvitlt a nlorc or
llrown; postcriorsclc'ritcs
ccntral line; noturttrvith abunclantlessclistinctcapillaryclarkcnccl
d e l i c a t ew h i t e s c t a c .P l e u r ay e l l o w w i t h a r e l a t i v e l yn a r r o w p a l cbrown clorsal:-tripc cxtendingfrom the ccrvical rcgion to tlte
uritc. H alteres with stent yellow, knob vagucly
dorsal pterople
Lcgs r'.'ithcoxac ancl trocltantcrsyclltlw; fcttttlra
ntorc darkcrrccl.
yellow witlr a tlarrow palc brorvtt sultterttrinalring; tibiac and472

A l e x a n d e r , T r o p i c aAl mericaT
n i p u l i c l a Iel .ltarsi yellow, the outer segmentsbrownish black; claws simple.
Wings pale yellow with a vcry restricteclancl inclistinctpale
brown pattern,ntost evidentas snlall spots at near one-thirdancl
at end of cell Sc and at origin of Rs; other vague clauds incells M, Cu and Anals, most evident along vein Cu; a snlall
clarkerbrown dash in base of cell 1s/ A; veins yellowishbrown.
Abclonren
yellow,sidesof the rttoreproxinraltergitesnarrowly
brown; ltypopygiunryellow. Ovipositorwith cerci slender,gently
upcurved.Male hypopygium ( f ig. I 5 ) with posterior border oftergite, t, convex medially,lateral lobes snlall, internrediatepair
broad, separatcdby a U-shapeclrneclianenrarsination,without
spirtouspoints as in umblytltrix. Outcr clististylc,(1, with outercntl cxpandeclinto a subtriangularhead; inncr style with thc
rnoclifiedsctaeof dorsal crest on a low clevation,cach narrowccl
gracluallyinto a pale hairlike point, without a bulbous clilation
as in some rclatedspecies.Gonapophysis,
S, a subcircularplate,
its lateral projectionvery obtusc to subobsolctc.Eighth sternitc.,
8s, with the appenclagenroderatelybroacl,the length about twice

thc diameteracrossbase.
Holotypc,6 , Sariapanlpa,
Huanuco,Peru,3,600rneters,t\lay
1 2 , 1 9 4 6( F e l i xW o y t k o w s k i )A. l k r t o p o t y p cI ,, pinncdlvith type.
Paratopotypcs,
3 d 6, 3,600-4,000
rrrctcrs,Atay 3-4, 1946.
Tipula (Eumicrotipula) sariapampaeis most similar to amblythrix,
sp. n., differing evidentlyin hypopygialstructure,particularlythe tergite
ancl the modifieclsetae of the dorsal crest of the inner clististyle.