9'7:;s19
UndeecribedSpeciea of Crane Flies from
(Diptera:

Crrmlns

Tipulidae),the'Hlnalaya
XXII

P. Ar"rxlNorn

Rc1rirtcd lron thc
JounN^L or tgn New Yorr ExroxolocrcAl
Vol. LXXXI,
Junc, l9?3, No. 2
pp, 8l-86
Modc in Unitd
Statcs ol Amaica

SoctETr

MountainsVor,. LXXXI,

Juwn, 1973

Undesoribed

81

Species of Crane Fliee from
(Diptera:
Tipulidae)othe Himalaya

Mountaine

XXIIl

Crrenr,psP. Ar.rxnNnnn
Arurilnsr,
Rncrwoo

Masslcsuserrs

010O22ron pusr,rc.arror.r JuNn 7, 1973

AbBtract:
Five new species of crane flies from Iran, Sikkim, and India are described, thesebeing Litnonio(siaalitnnobia)
pererratica,(DicranophragLotd) rccurvata,Limnophita
Gonomyia (Idiocera) nigroterminalis,(Psitoconopa) iranica,
Eiopteraand ormosia(Otmosia) neidioneura.
Three further previously described Himalayan species of Ormosia
are illustrated.

Limonia(Siualimnobia)

pererratica,

n. sp.

General coloration of thorax uniformly light yellow, head brown; male antennae long,
about one-half the body; legs yellow, femoral tips vaguely darkened; wings yellowed, stigma
pale brown, Scr ending opposite three-fifths the length of Rs; abdominal tergites bicolored,bases brown, apices yellowed, sternites uniformly light yellow; male hypopygium with asingle dististyle, the dorsal style lacking; apex of rostral prolongation of style with a small
sclerotized flange margined with about five small points.
MaJe. Length about 7 mm.; wing 8.5 mm.; antenna about 3.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi brown. Antennae of male (Fig. g) unusually long, as shownl brown,bases of flagellar segments slightly paler; flagellar segments long andrylindrical, basesslightly enlarged, verticils subequal to the segments; terninal segment very long, about onehalf longer than the penultimate. Head dark brown.
Thorax uniformly light yellow. Halteres with stem light yellow, knob small, light brown.
Legs with coxae and trochanters light yellow; femora yellow, tips vaguely darkened; tibiae
yellowed, tarsi slightly darker; claw long and slender, with a long spine at near one-fourth
the length, with microscopic more basal roughenings. wings (Fig. r) fainfly yellowed,
stigma short-oval, pale brownl veins brown. Longitudinal veins beyond level of origin of
fts with trichia, including outer end of 2nd. A. venation: sc relatively long, scr ending about
opposite three-fifths fts; cell 7sl M: subequal in length to distal section of Muzi tn_clt
shortly beyond fork of rlf.
Abdominal tergites bicolored, proximal segments with basal half light brown, apices yellow,
outer segments more uniformly brown; sternites and eighth tergite uniforrnly light yellow.
Male hypopygium (Fig. 7) with tergite, ,, relatively long and nalrow, posterior border witha deep V-shaped ernargination, Iobes conspicuous, with long black marginal setae. Basistyle,b, with ventromesal lobe large, central portion with long setae, those at apex smaller. Dorsal
dististyle lacking; ventral style, d, generally as in other members of the subsenus. outer halfl contribution from the Entomological Laboratory,
university of Massachusetts.
2Part XXI of this series of papers was publishedin the Journal ol the New vork
Entomologicol.society, Sl: 3-9, March 1973. Five further speciesare described,from Iran,India, and Sikkim, all collectedby Dr. Fernand Schmid to whom I again expressmy deep
thanks and appreciation.
Nrw Yonr ENToMoLocrcAr,Socmrv, LXXXI:

g1-g6. June, 1973.

Nsw Yonr Enrouor-ocrclr, Socrnrv,f body of style with abundant very long setae, inner face and prolongation glabrous; rostral
rrolongation nalrow on basal half, angularly bent inio the subequal beak, the latter at apex
vith a conspicuous sclerotized flange having five small marginal points, as shown in the
ubfigures; prolongation at near midlength with a single long seta from a very small tubercle;
econd rostral spine placed on body of style, as in the subgenus,slender on more than basal
ralf, terminating in a shorter straight black spine. Phallosome with mesal-apical lobe of;onapophysis, g, long, apex obtuse I aedeagus, o, Iong and narrow, lateral flanges greatly
educed.
rolorYPE, $, Jhum La, Northeast Frontier Agency, Kameng, Assam, India, 7,200-8,000
e e t , S e p t e m b e r1 2 ,1 9 6 1 ( Sch m id ) .
are
In the present paper and others the words Northeast Frontier Agency (NEFA)'etained since they are on all specimen labels where concerned. In 1972 this area was:hanged officially to Arunachal Pradesh.
This speciesdiffers from all other previously defined members of the subgenus Siaalitnnobia\lexander (1963) in the elongate male antennae and especially in hypopygial structure,ncluding the ]oss of the dorsal dististyle. Other generally similar regional species include'-imonia (Sivalimnobia) oplrorimata (Brunetti), ,. (S.) lortis (Btunetti), L. (S') kali
\lexander, L. (5.) rohula Alexander, and Z. (S.) uma Alexander.
Limnophilo(Di.cronophrogmo) recurvata,n' sp.

General coloration of mesonotum orange yellow, patterned with pale brown; legs brownish
rellow; wings whitened, with a conspicuous brown pattern that includes six costal bands,;ome crossing the wing, others more interrupted, cell 2nd ,4 relatively narrow; maletypopygium with inner gonapophysis long, apex strongly recurved into a pale spine.
llale.

Length about 4.8-5 mm.; wing 5.6-6.2 mm.; antenna about 1-1.2 mm.

Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae with proximal three segments yellow, remainder of.lagellum brown; proximal flagellar segments oval, outer ones more elongate, with very
ong verticils. Head light gray, especially the very broad anterior vertex.
Prothorax brownish yellow. Mesonotal praescutum obscure orange yellow with four
raguely indicated stripes that chieily are evident by capillary brown lines on the interspaces
tnd midregion, pseudosutural foveae large, orange I posterior sclerites of notum orange
rellow, postnotum vaguely more pruinose. Pleura obscure yellow below, above with a narrowlarker brown stripe, dorsopleural region more buify. Halteres with stem pale yellow, knob
;lightly darker. Legs with coxae and trochanters yellow; remainder of legs pale brownish,rellow, tips of femora very narrowly paler; claws yellow, long and slender. Wings (Fig.2)
arith ground whitened, u,ith a conspicuous brown pattern that appears as crossbands and)xtensive suffusions in cells M and. Cz; darkened costal areas six in number, the lirst
rostarcular, extending from C to Cz; second band at origin oi.Rs' from C almost to M;:hird band relatively narrow) at fork of Sc, crossing the wing at cord to tip of Isl .4; fourth
rnd fifth bands united at costal border to form the stigma, the third and fourth united over.he fork of Rs, thence virtually continuous to posterior margin, narrowest at outer end of:ell lst Mz; fifth costal area very short, reaching vein Rn behind; sixth band subterminal,:xtending from vein R", including the supernumerary crossvein, ending in margin of medial
iield; other darkenings include large marginal spots on all longitudinal veins excepting Ru,;mallest in medial field, the largest at 2nil A; a narrow continuous seam on vein fts; cells M,
suffused; veins yellow in the ground, darker in the patterned areas.
Macrotrichia on veins beyond cord, including also the outer end of Rs, outer two-thirds oi
Cu, and 2nil A

Vor. LXXXI, JuNn, 197383

M and Iess extensive on basal section of Cu and lsl ,4, lacking on 2nd A. Venation: Vein
2nd A simple, the cell relatively narrow.
Abdomen dark brown, hypopygium yellow. Male hypopygium (Fig. 9) with outerdististyle, d, narrowed on outer half, apex bispinous, axial spine slightly larger, curvedl innerstyle very stout. Phallosome, 1, with inner gonapophysis, g, longer than the outer pair, apex
strongly recurved into a pale spine.
HororypE. $, Talung Dzong, Northeast Frontier Agency, Kameng, Assam, lndia, 7,000-?,800
fee t, S eptemberi 3, 1961 (S c hmi d).
PARAToPoTYPEs:7 6 6, on three pins.
(Dicranophragmo)
analosultusa
The most similar regional species includ,e Limnolhila
Alexander, Manipur, and L. (D.) komengensis Alexander, Assam, differing in details ofcoloration of the body and rvings and in hypopygial characters, especially the phallosome.
Gonomyia (Idiocero) nigroterminalis,n' sp.

Mesonotum brownish gray, praescutal stripes slightly darker brownish gray; pleura,
pleurotergite and dorsopleural membrane clear light yellow; wings brownish yellow, prearcularand costal fields clear light yellow, including the veins; Scr ending shortly beyond origin ofRs; vein R3 nearly erect, about twice the distance on costa between veins -i?" and Rs.
FEMAT.E.Length about 4.5 mm.; wing 5.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae dark brown; flagellar segments elongate, subequal inlength to the verticils. Head brownish gray, the broad anterior vertex clearer gray.
Pronotum and pretergites brown, sparsely gray pruinose. Mesonotum gray, praescutal
stripes only slightly darker brownish gray; remainder of dorsum brownish gray. Pleura,
pleurotergite and dorsopleural region uniformly ciear light yellow. Halteres brown, base ofstem narrowly yeilow. Legs with coxae and trochanters clear yellow; femora yellow, tips
abruptly brownish black, including about the outer tenth of segmentl tibiae yellow, morenarrowly brownish black; tarsi brown. Wings (Fig.3) faintly tinged with brownish yellow,
prearcular and costal fields clear light yellow, the latter extended distally to the wing tip,
including the veins, remaining veins brown, cord still darker. Venation: Sc1 ending shortly
beyond origin of rts; vein R3 nearly erect, about twice the dis'ranceon costa between veins
Rz and Xel m-cu about one and one-half times its length before the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, sternites yellow;

terminal segments broken.

rrolorypE. 9 , Gwaldam, Pauri Garhwal, Kumaon, Uttar Pradesh, India, 6,000-6,400 {eet,A u gus t 29, 1958 (S c hmi d).
Among the various regional members of the subgenus that have the wing pattern generally
as in the present fly, the distinctive pattern of the legs provides a strong specific character.
The most similar such species appears to be Gonomyia (Idiocera) prorima Brunetti, which
differs in leg coloration and in details of body and wing pattern, and in the venation'
Eriopteta(Psilocono|a)iranica'n' sp.

Belongs to the orcolota group; general coloration gray, praescutum scarcely patterned;
antennae brown; knobs of halteres weakly darkened; femora obscure yellow, slightly darker
shortly before the tips; wings brownish yellow, veins compfising the cord darker; malehypopygium with outer dististyle biiid, inner style simple, produced into a long terminal
spine; phallosome with two blackened rods on either side, the outer one scabrous; tergite
terminating in a pair of acute black spines.

Nnw Yonr ENrolrolocrcar. Socrcrv

Vor. LXXXI, Jurvr, 197385

MaIe. Length about 4.5 mm.; wing 5.3 mm.
Fernale. Length about 5.5 mm.; wing 6 mm.
Rostrum brown, palpi black. Antennae brownl flagellar segments oval, shorter than theverticils. Head gray.
Pronotum gray. Mesonotal praescutum and scutum gray, humeral region more yellowed,
without distinct darker pattern; praescutal interspacesindicated by a linear row of darkened
setigerous punctures; scutellum more yellowed, postnotum gray. Pleura with dorsal
mesepisternum light brown, mesepimeron and ventral pleurites more yellowed. Halteres withstem pale yellow, knob weakly darkened. Legs with coxae and trochanters light yellow;
femora obscure yellow, slightly darker just before tips; tibiae brownish yellow; tarsi darkbrown or black. Wings brownish yellow, prearcular and costal fields clearer yellow; a vague
darkened pattern along the cord, indicated by a deepening in color of the veins; veins
yellowish brown to pale brown. Venation: R, slightly oblique; cell Isf Mz small; M*tabout one-third as long as the gently arcuated Mr.
Abdominal tergites brown, posterior borders very narrowly pale; sternites yellow, hypopygium brownish yellow. Male hypopygium with posterior border of the tergite bearing
two acute black spines, at midline separated by a U-shaped notch. Basistyle at apex
produced into a slender lobe, the dististyles thus subterminal; outer style bifid, including
a long gently curved outer arm that narrows into a long acute point and a shorter flattenedA
rr.

black blade that has an appressed black spine on outer margin beyond base; inner styleelongate, yellow basally, outer third blackened, curved, narrowed into a long black spine.
Phallosome including two blackened rods on either side, the outer apophysis scabrous byappressedspinules, the subequal inner element smooth, tips narrowly acute, decussateacrossthe midline.

6( e Jlr9rror,orypE. 3, Zanus, Mazanderan, Iran, 2p0O meters, September 21, 1955 (Schmid).

IO

Ar,r,oroporrrpE. Q, pinned with the type.

H
\

\/-s

s,
d

f't't?

Ormosia (Ormosia) neidioneura,t2
l. Limonia (Siaalirnnobia)pererratica, n. sp.; venation.
2. Limnophilo (Diuanophrogma) recurvata, n. sp.; venation.
3. Gonomyia (Iiliocera) nigroterminalis, n. sp.; venation.
4. Ormosia (Ormosin) neidioneura, n. sp.; venation
S. Ormosia (Ormosia) idioneurodesAlexander; venation.
6. Ortnosia (Ormosia) lurciuena Alexander; venation.
7, Linonia (Siaalinnobia) pererratica, n. sp.; male hypopygium.
8. Limonia (Siaalimnobia)pererratice, n. sp.; male antenna,

The present fly belongs to the group of species having the inner dististyle of the malehypopygium elongate and terminating in a long black spine. Other members of the group(Psiloconopa) margarita Alexander, of the western
having this character include Eioptera
Nearctic region and E. (P.) complicata (Bangerter), of the Swiss Alps, all such species
differing among themselves in the details of hypopygial structure, particularly the tergite,
outer dististyle and the phallosome.
n. sp.

Allied to idioneurodes; size small (wing of male 4.5 mm.); general coloration of thorax
dark brownish gray, abdomen dark brown; halteres light yellow; wings whitened, restrictedly clouded with brown, chiefly at and beyond the cord; vein Rz far befoie the outer€'
Frc. 9. Limnophila (Dicranophragrnc)recuryats, n. sp.; male hypopygium.
Frc. 10. Ormosia (Ormosin) idioneurodesAlexander; male hypopygium.
Frc. 11. Ormosia (Ormosi.a)id.iostylaAlexander; male hypopygium.
Frc. 12. Ormosia (Ormosio) neidioneura, n. sp.; male hypopygium.
(Symbols: Male hypopygium----4,
aedeagus;b, basistyle;d, dististyle;g, gonapophysis;,,phallosome;l, 9th tergite).

NBw Yonr Ersrouor,ocrclr. Socrrrv

84

A
tJ'

6

(.8 ,lI

r\'

Frc.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc.
Frc.

l. Limonia (Sioalimnobia) pererratica,
n. sp.; venation.
recurvata,n. sp.; venation.
2. Limnophila (Dicranophragno)
n. sp.; venation.
3. Gonotnyia (Idiocera) nigroterminalis,n. sp.; venation
4. Ormosia (Ormosio) neidioneura,
S. Ormosio (Ormosia) idioneurodes Alexander; venation.
6. Ormosia (Ormosia) furci.aena Alexander; venation.
(Siztalimnobia) pererratica,
n. sp.; male hypopygium.
7. Limtnia
n. sp.; male antenna.
8. Limonia (SivoJimnobia) perenatica,Vor,. LXXXI,

85

JUNE, 1973

Male. Length about 4.5 mm.1 wing 5.3 mm.
Female. Length about 5.5 mm.; wing 6 mm.
Rostrum brown, palpi black. Antennae brown; flagellar segments oval, shorter tban theverticils. Head gray.
Pronotum gray. Mesonotal praescutum and scutum gray, humeral region more yellowed,
without distinct darker pattern; praescutal interspaces indicated by a linear row of darkened
dorsalsetigerous punctures; scutellum more yellowed, postnotum gray. Pleura withmesepisternum light brown, mesepimeron and ventral pleurites more yellowed. Halteres withstem pale yellow, knob weakly darkened. Legs with coxae and trochanters light yellow;
femora obscure yellow, slightly darker just before tips; tibiae brownish yellow; tarsi darkbrown or black. Wings brownish yellow, prearcular and costal fields clearer yellow; a vague
darkened pattern along the cord, indicated by a deepening in color of the veinsl veins
yellowish brown to pale brown. Venation:
R, slightly oblique; cell ls! M' srnalll Mat
about one-third as long as the gently arcuated Mr.
Abdominal tergites brown, posterior borders very narrowly pale; sternites yellow, hypopygium brownish yellow. Male hypopygium with posterior border of the tergite bearing
two acute black spines, at midline separated by a U-shaped notch, Basistyle at apex
produced into a slender lobe, the dististyles thus subterminall outer style bifid, including
a long gently curved outer arm that narrorvs into a long acute point and a shorter flattened
black blade that has an appressed black spine on outer margin beyond basel inner styleelongate, yellow basally, outer third blackened, curved, narrowed into a long black spine.
Phallosome including two blackened rods on either side, the outer apophysis scabrous byappressed spinules, the subequal inner element smooth, tips narrowly acute, decussate acrossthe midline.
Eor.orypE. $, Zanus, Mazanderan, Iran, 2,000 meters, September 21, f955 (Schmid).
9, pinned with the type.
The present fly belongs to the group of species having the inner dististyle of the malehypopygium elongate and terminating in a long black spine. Other members of the grouphaving this character include Erioptera (Psil,oconopa) morgarito Alexander, of the western
Nearctic region and E. (P.) complicato (Bangerter), of the Swiss Alps, all such species
differing among themselves in the details of hypopygial structure, particularly the tergite,
outer dististyle and the phallosome.
Ormosia (Ormosia)

neidioneura,n. sp.

Allied to idi.oneuroiles; size small (wing of male 4.5 mm.); general coloration of thorax
dark brownish gray, abdomen dark brown; halteres light yellow; wings whitened, restrictedly clouded with brown, chiefly at and beyond the cord; vein R: far before the outer€'recurvata, n. sp.; male hypopygium.
9. Limnophilo (Dicranophrogno)
Frc. 10. Ormosio (Ormosia) idioneurodes Alexander; male hypopygium.
Frc. 11. Ormosia (Ormosia) id.iostyla Alexander; male hypopygium.

Frc.

n. sp.; male hypopygium.
Frc. 12. Ormosia (Ormosia) neidioneura,(Symbols: Male hypopygium-c, aedeagus; b, basistyle; d, dististyle; g, gonapophysis; 1,
phallosome; l, 9th tergite).

Npw Yonr

86

ENtornor-ocrcll

Socrnrv

radial fork; male hypopygium with the outer dististyles and gonapophyses blackened,spinelike, inner dististyles very small, terminating in six small blackened points.
Male. Length about 4 mm.; wing 4.5 mm.; antenna about 0.7 mrn.
Head broken. Thora-x almost uniformly dark brownish gray, pretergites inconspicuously
yellow; praescutal stripes differentiated chiefly by abundant light yellow setae on theinterspaces. Halteres iight yellow. Legs with coxae grayish brownl trochanters obscureyellow; remainder of Iegs yellowish brown, the dark color produced by abundant long setae.
Wings (Fig.4) whitened, with restricted brown clouds over various veins, chiefly at andbeyond the cord, basal cells almost clear, their trichia reduced in number and very inconspicuous; veirs yellow in the clear parts, pale brown in the darkened pattern. Venation:
Rz far before outer radial fork, Rz and Rg*. subequal; a supernumerary crossvein in cell R"
partially atrophied on one wing of type; veins R. and Rr verj strongly upcurved, at margin
cells R:, Ra, R+ and Rs subequal in extent; cell M, open by atrophy of basal section of Mr,
na perpendicular; rn-cu about one-third its length before fork of M; vein 2nd A very
str o n g ly si nuous, as show n.
Abdomen dark brown. Male hypopygium (Fig. 12) with tergal plate, t, gently expanded
outwardly, sides nearly parallel, apex very insensibly emarginate medially" Dististyles' d,with outer style a long blackened rod from a dilated base, curved very gently into a longspine; inner style very small, beyond the expanded base straight, apex terminating in six
small acute crowded points. Gonapophyses, g, blackened, in shape generally similar to theouter dististyle, base rnore expanded, the length subequal to the outer style.
Hor,orrrI,r. 6, Zomphuk, Sikkim, 6,500 8,000 feet, Aprii 11, 1959 (Schmid).
The most similar regional species inchtde Ormosia (Ormosia) idioneuro Alexander, ofNortheast Burma, and O. (O.) idioneurodes Alexander, of Manipur, Assam, which havethe venation generally as in the present fly, differing in details, as the position of vein -R,
in r e la tio n to the outer radi al fork (compare Fi gs.4 and 5).
Ormosia (Ormosia) Jurciaena Alexander
Ormosia (Ormosia) t'urciuena Alexander; Jour. N.Y. Ent. Soc., 762 67-68; 1968.
T yp e , 9, H kayam B oum, Mani pur, A ssam [Fi g.6(venati on)].

Ormosia (Orn,osia\ id.ioneurodesAlexander
Or m o sio (Ormosi a) i di oneurodes A l exander; Jour. N .Y . E nt. S oc.,76t
Type, d, Sirhoi Kashong, Manipur,p o p yg iu m ) l .

Assam [Fig.

68-69 ; \968"

5 (venation) ; Fig.

10 (male hy-

Ormosia (Ormosia) idiostyla Alexander
Or m o sio (Ormosi a) i di ostyl a A l exander; Jour. N .Y . E nt. S oc.,761 69-70; 1968.
T yp ", 6, R umkhang, K hasi -l ai nti a, A ssam [Fi g. 11 (mal e hypopygi um)].