240

Dr. C. P. Alexander onor little-known Tipulids (Diptera).-LX.
XX.-iVew
Il'eotropical Species. By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER,
Ph.D., F.R.E.S., Nassachusetts State College, -4mherst,
Massachusetts, U.S.A.
AT this time I am discussing a series of Tipulida fromthe Department of Junin, Peru, collected by Messrs. Pedro
Paprzyclri and Felix n'oytliowski. Since the localities
discussed have yielded an abundance of new and rare
insects in many orders, the following general notes suppliedby the collectors are provided and will be referred to in
subsequent papers based on t,he same rich materials.
All species discussed hereir-ith belong to the single tribe
Eriopterini, vastly developed in the Subtropical andTemperate zones of the Andes.
Huacapistunu, Province of Tarma. Collected in thevalley of the river Tarma. in the vicinity of the locality
Huacapistana. The region is of lower hills and the bottomof the valley, some 1100 metres (3600 ft.), and of the higher
mountains covered by rain-forest. some 1600 metres(5400 ft.). February t o March 1940.--Felix Woytkoiuski.
Huasahuasi, Province of Tarma. Situated in a valley,
on the banks of the Andean stream, Huasahuasi ; altitude
approximately 2800 metres (9100 ft.). The collection wasmade within a radius of 10 kiloinetres of the village, mostof the specimens having been taken in dwarf-wooded
ravines, often rising to the Puna, " grass-land," which
begins at about 3400 met,res (11,500 ft.). April 1940.Felix Woytkowski.
Carpata, Province of Tarma. Locality in the deep
valley of the rivers Huasahuasi and Cailpa, altitude
approximately 3600 metres (8450 ft.). The collecting
spot was in an extremely deep ravine, covered in partwith the highland dwarf-wood and in part with an
exuberant spring vegetation of alpine flora ; the sidesof the ravine form huge masses of steep mountains, rising
to some 4500 metres (14,625 ft.). May 1940.
This lot, as well as the Huasahuasi material, wascollected in the very centre of the highest Cordilleras,in places where the surroundings favoured the existenceof crane-flies, that is, where water-bodies and vegetation
were to be found. In all these spots I had to fix my campnew or little-known Tipulidae.

241

for some time, hire mules for travelling purposes and live
in a tent, far away from the dwelling places of the native
Indios. Part of the material was collected in the bushby means of a butterfly net and part at light, during rainynights, when the Tipulidaemove about.-$'elix
Woytkowski.
Satipo, Province of Jauja. Altitude 800-900 metres(2600-2925ft.), in the eastern spurs of the Andes on theriver Satipo, a tributary of the Ucayali.-Pedro Paprzycki.
I express my deep thanks to Messrs. Paprzycki andWoytkowski for their appreciated aid in making known
this rich Tipulid fauna.

Xigmatomera (Austrolimnobia) woytkowskiana, sp. n.
Size large (wing, male, over 19 mm. ; antenna over
8 mm.) ; general coloration yellow to fulvous-yellow ;praescutum with three blackened areas ; legs orange ;wings suhhyaline, the prearcular and costal fields morenearly straight to gently arcuated ;yellow ; vein R2+3t4
vein 2nd A sinuous ; abdominal tergites fulvous ; malehypopygium with the outer spine of dististyle blackened.
Male.-Length about 25-27 mm. ; wing 19.5-22 mm. ;antenna about 9-10 mm.
Rostrum yellow ; palpi yellow; the outer two segments
a little darker. Antennae with scape yellow ; pedicel
yellow basally, ringed apically with black ; flagellum
black ; flagellar segments subcylindrical, moderately
elongate, a little dilated on basal third but not at all
sigmoid ; longest verticils a little shorter than the segments ; terminal segment small, oval. Head pale yellow ;eyes (male)large, reducing the anterior vertex to a linear
strip.
Pronotum yellow. Mesonotum yellow, the surface
subnitidous ; przscutum with three blackened areas,
including a median one on cephalic third and transverse
lateral areas behind the pseudosutural foveae ; remainderof the usual praescutal stripes and the centres of the scutal
lobes slightly more reddish. Pleura yellow, vaguely
patterned with more reddish areas. Halteres yellow
throughout. Legs orange, the tarsi passing into brown.
Wings subhyaline, the prearcular and costal fields moreyellow, this colour including the veins ; remaining veinsbrown. Venation : R,+,+,nearly straight to gently
arcuated; m-cu variable in position, from just before
Ann. & Mag. N . Hist. Ser. 11. Vo1. viii. 17

242

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

to just beyond the fork of M ; vein 2nd A much moresinuous than in plaumanniana.
Abdomen elongate ; tergites fulvous, the sternites
clearer yellow. Male hypopygium with the outer spineof the dististyle blackened, the beak long and slender, pale.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Huacapistana, Tarma, in highest rainforest, altitude 5400 ft., March 2, 1940 (Woytkowski).
Paratopotype, $, February 25, 1940.
It is peculiarly fitting that this very striking anddistinct crane-fly should be dedicated to Mr. Felix
Woytkowski, in recognition of his efforts to make known
the vast insect fauna of Peru. The species is closest
to Xigmatomera (Austrolirnnobia)plaumanniana Alexander(south-eastern Brazil), differing conspicuously in the longantenna? and in all details of coloration of the body andlegs. The superficial resemblance of the present fly to
Ichneumonid Hymenoptera of the genus Ophion Fabricius
is noteworthy.
Teucholabis (Teucholabis)submunda, sp. n.
General coloration polished black, the mesonotum
conspicuously variegated with yellow on the pmscutum,
scutum and scutellum ; posterior femora yellow, witha blackened subbasal ring ; posterior tibiae obscure yellow,
the tips narrowly darkened ; posterior basitarsi (male)swollen ; wings pale yellow, restrictedly patterned withbrown, including the wing-tip and conspicuous washes
in the basal cells ; S c very short, ending about opposite
origin of the strongly arcuated Rs ; abdomen chiefly
black, the incisures pale ; male hypopygium with thebasistyle produced at apex into a short apiculate spine,
the inner margin back from this spine fimbriate ; outerdististyle a simple flattened blade that terminates ina short point.
Male.--Length about 6.5 mm. ; wing 7 mm.
Pernube.-Length about 6.5 mm. ; wing 6 mm.
Rostrum yellow ; palpi black. Antenna? with the scapeobscure yellow ; pedicel and flagellum black ; flagellar
segments oval, gradually decreasing in. siLe outwardly.
Head polished black ; anterior vertex relatively wide.
Pronotum polished yellow. Mesonotum polished black,variegated with yellow, including two major areas, thenew or little-known Tipulidae.

243

first on posterior median portion of przscutum, crossing
the suture and including the cephalic half of median areaof scutum; second area including most of scutellum.
Propleura yellow ; mesopleura black, rhe meron yellow ;a yellowish pruinose area on the pteropleurite above themiddle coxs. Halteres black, the knobs conspicuously
light yellow. Legs with the coxae yellow ; trochanters
yellow, the posterior pair more darkened ; femora black,the bases yellow, on the fore legs including the proximal
fourth, on the other legs much more extensive with only
the tips narrowly infuscated ; posterior femora with anarrow blackened subbasal ring ; fore tibis and tarsi
black ; middle and posterior tarsi obscure yellow, thetips narrowly darkened ; middle and hind tarsi black ;posterior tarsi with basitarsus of male dilated, of female
normal. Wings (fig. 1) with the ground-colour paleyellow ; a restricted pale brown pattern, including thewing-tip as far basad as outer end of cell 1st M , ; a narrow
band at cord ; conspicuous washes in cell 171 and adjoining
basal portions of cells Cu and 1st A , with another darkening
in outer ends of these same cells ; basal portion of cell
Sc darkened ; stigma subcircular, darker brown ; veinsdark brown, Sc and the prearcular veins yellow. I n thefemale, the darkened wing-tip is slightly less extensive
and the more basal dark washes less evident; costal
fringe short in both sexes. Venation : h’c very short,Sc, ending opposite origin of Rs,Sc, some distance fromits tip ; Rs very strongly arcuated ; m-cu just beyond
fork of M ; vein 2nd A weakly sinuous.
Abdomen black, the caudal borders and incisures of thesegments yellow ; sternal pocket (male) very conspicuous.
In the female, tergites black ; posterior borders of sternites
inconspicuously brightened. Male hypophygium (fig. 4)
with the apes of basistyle, b, produced into a short spine,
the mesa1 margin of the style basad of this point with afringe of conspicuous yellow sets. Outer dististyle,od, a flattened blade that bears a short apical point, themargin of style with coarse sets. Apex of aedeagus,a, produced into a gently-curved black spine.
Hab. Peru (Jimin).
Holotype, 8, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 ft., March 4, 1940 (Woytleowski). Allotopotype, 2,March 3, 1940.
17*

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

2 44

The most similar described species is Teucholabis(Teucholabis) munda Alexander, likewise from Peru,
Figs. 1-6.

Fig. l.-Teucholabis
Fig. 2.-Teucholabis
Fig. 3.-Teuchulabis
Fig. 4.-Teucholabk
Fig. 5.-Teucholabis
Fig. 6.-Teucholabis(Teucholabis) submumla, sp. n. ; venation.
(Teucholabis)longisetosa, sp. n. ; venation.
(Teucholabis) brewisetosa, sp. n. ; venation.
(Teucholabis)w b m u n d a , sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Teucholabis)longisetosa, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Teucholabis) brewisetosa, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
Symbols : a, sedeagus ; b, basistyle : id, inner dististyle ;od, outer dististyle.

which has the thorax uniformly black, and with the patternof the legs and wings distinct.

Teucholabis (Teucholabis) longisetosa, sp. n.
General coloration polished black, the mesonotum
variegated with yellow on the scutellum and medianregion of scutum ; knobs of halteres light yellow ; legs
chiefly black, the middle and hind femora brown, theirtips blackened, the bases of the hind femora similarly
blackened ; wings with a relatively strong and uniform
blackish tinge ; stigma oval, darker brown ; costal fringe(male) long and conspicuous ; SC, ending about opposite

new or little-known Tipulids.

245

one-third the length of Rs ; abdomen, including hypopygium, black ; male hypopygium with the basistyleunarmed ; outer dististyle long and slender, at apex
dilated into a spinous head.
Male.-Length about 5.5-6 mm. ; wing 5.6-6.3 mm.
Female.-Length about 5.5 mm. ; wing 6 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black, the former short. Antennae
black throughout ; flagellar segments oval, decreasing
in size outwardly. Head polished black.
Pronotum polished black. Lateral pretergites brightsulphur-yellow. Mesonotum polished black, with conspicuous yellow spots on the cephalic half of the medianarea of the scutum and the adjoining portion of the praescutum, and on the scutellum. Pleura black, the dorsopleural membrane feebly brightened ; ventral posteriorsclerites of pleura with a grey pruinosity. Halteres withstem black, knob bright yellow. Legs with the cox=
and trochanters black ; fore femora uniformly black ;middle femora pale brown on more than basal half, thetips extensively blackened ; posterior femora with extreme
bases similarly blackened ; tibiz brown, the tips blackened, the fore tibis uniformly black ; tarsi black ; legs
unmodified. Wings (fig. 2) with a relatively strong
and uniform brownish tinge, the base and broad costal
region pale whitish yellow ; stigma oval, darker brown ;basal portion of cell Sc darkened; veins dark brown,
the prearcular veins paler. Costal fringe (male) long andconspicuous. Venation : Sc of moderate length, Sc,
ending about opposite or just beyond one-third the lengthof Rs, Sc, a short distance from its tip ; cell 1st M ,narrow; m-cu about one-fourth its length beyond thefork of M .
Abdomen, including hypopygium, polished black. Male
without a developed sternal pocket. Male hypopygium(fig. 5) with the basistyle, 6 , unarmed with a spine, its apex
obtuse. Outer dististyle, od, a very long, slender rod,
gently curved, at apex dilated into a head that terminatesin two slender spines, with numerous additional smaller
spines and spinuls on the head and outer portion of stem.
Inner dististyle, id, of peculiar conformation, as shown,terminating in an acute point. Apex of aedeagus, a,
simple, obtuse.
Hub. Peru (Junin).

246

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Holotype, $, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 ft., February 25, 1940 ( Woytkowski). Allotopotype,
9, March 2, 1940. Purutopotype, $, February 18, 1940.
Teucholubis (Teuchohbis)longisetosa is superficially very
like T . (T.)brevisetosu, sp. n., but in the structure of themale hypopygium is very different from this and all otherspecies known to me. The apex of the outer dististyleis somewhat as in T . (T.) nigrocorporis dlexander, of
south-eastern Brazil, but all other structures, as well as thecoloration of the wings, are different.
Teucholubis (Teucholabis) brevisetosn, sp. n.
General coloration polished black, sparsely patternedwith yellow, including the lateral pretergites, medianregion of scutum, posterior half of scutellum and thedorsopleural region ; antennz black throughout ; knobsof halteres light yellow ; femora black, the bases obscureyellow, narrowest on fore pair ; wings with a very weakbrown tinge ; stigma triangular, dark brown ; costal
fringe of male short ; Xc relatively short, Sc, ending about
opposite one-fifth the length of Rs ; m-cu close to forkof $1 ; abdomen, including hypopygium, black ; malehypopygium with the spine of basistyle broad-based,along its margin with a dense fringe of set= ; outerdististyle terminating in a slender glabrous spine, on
margin at basal fourth with a conspicuous blackened
lobe ; inner dististyle complex, its apical portion witha major spinous point surrounded by microscopic spinulae
and roughenings.
MuZe.--Length about 5.5 mm. ; wing 5.8 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennz black throughout ;flagellar segments oval, the outer ones smaller and moreelongate. Head polished black.
Pronotum polished black, the lateral pretergites lightyellow. Mesonotum polished black, variegated with lightyellow, including the humeral triangles of the praescutum,
the median area of scutum and adjoining portion ofprzescutum across the suture, and the broad posterior
half of scutellum. Pleura polished black, the dorsopleural membrane yellow ; a restricted pale area, with grey
pruinosity, above the mid-coxz and on meron. Halteresblack, the knobs light yellow. Legs with the cox= black,the tips obscure yellow ; trochanters brownish yellow ;new OT little-known Tipulidze.

247

femora black, the bases obscure yellow, narrowest on thefore pair where about the proximal fifth is included, more
extensive on the middle and hind femora, on the latterincluding more than the basal half; tibiae and tarsi
black. Wings (fig. 3) with a very weak brown tinge, thebasal portion a little clearer ; stigma triangular, relatively
small, dark brown; cell Xc weakly darkened; veinsbrownish black, those at base more yellow. Costal fringe(male) short. Venation : Sc relatively short, Sc, ending
about opposite one-fifth the length of Rs, Sc, before
origin of latter ; branches of Rs parallel to one anotherfor most of their length cell 1st M , only gently widened
at diskal end ; m-cu close to fork of N .
Abdomen, including hypopygium, polished black.
Male hypopygium (fig. 6) with the apex of basistyle
narrow, on mesa1 face with a broad-based spine thatbears a dense fringe of setze along its margin. Outerdististyle, od, terminating in a slender, glabrous spine,
the surface with numerous set= ; margin of style on basal
fourth with a conspicuous blackened lobe that is narrowed
to an acute point. Inner dististyle complex, the apicalportion with several small serrulations grouped about onestronger black tooth ; more basal spine of style strong
and broad-based ; lobe on face. of style unusually stout,
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 3, Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 2600 metres,
May 1, 1940 (Woytkowski).
The nearest relative of the present fly is Teucholabis(TeuchoZabis) Zongisetosa, sp. n., which, while being almost
identical in colouring, has the male hypopygium entirely
distinct. The nature of the spine of the basistyle of thepresent insect is somewhat as in T . (T.)Zeonora Alexander,of south-eastern Brazil, but all other details are quite
different.
Gonomyia (Progonomyia)acantkim, sp. n.
Belongs t o the quinqueplagiata group ; basal flagellar
segments weakly bicoloured ; legs yellowish brown, thefemora not darkened apically ; wings with a strong yellow
tinge, unpatterned ; R, at or just beyond mid-lengthof petiole of cell R, ; abdomen, including male hypopygium, orange, unpatterned ; male hypopygium with thebasistyle terminating in a long acute spine; apex ofzdeagus extended into a delicate spine.
;&

248

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

MaZe.-hngth about 4 mm. ; wing 4.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennz with basal twosegments yellow, flagellum black, the proximal ends ofthe five basal segments pale, the remainder uniformly
dark ; outer flagellar segments elongate, the last shorter
than the penultimate. Head obscure yellow.
Mesonotum patterned as in the group, the ground-colour
obscure yellow, the praescutum with three polished black
areas that represent the anterior ends of the usual stripes ;scutal lobes similarly blackened ; median area of scutum
broadly yellow ; posterior border of scutellum yellow ;Figs. 7-11.

9Fig. 7.-Gonomyia (Progonomyicc) acanthius, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
Fig. 8.-Gmomyia (Progonomyia)forceps, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
Fig. 9.-Gonmyicc (Gonomyia) birama, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
Fig. 10.-Gonomyia (Gonomyia) qwribunda, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Liphophkps) diacanthwphora, sp. n. ; male hypoFig. ll.-GonTyia
PYgl-.
Symbols : a, zdeagus ; b, basistyle ; d , dististyle ; id, inner dististyle ;od, outer dististyle ; p , phallosome.

postnotum with most of mediotergite blackened, thecephalic lateral portions and the pleurotergite yellow.
Pleura yellow, variegated with darker. Halteres with

new or little-known Tipulidze.

249

stem yellow, knob dark brown, its apex paling to obscureyellow. Legs with the COXEE yellow, the fore pair darker ;trochanters yellow ; femora, tibize and basitarsi yevellowish
brown, the tips of the two latter very narrowly darkened ;remainder of tarsi black. Wings with a strong yellowish
tinge, the prearcular and costal fields clear light yellow ;stigma not or scarcely indicated ; no darkened pattern
on wings; veins obscure yellow, clearer yellow in thebrightened portions. Venation : Xc, ending a shortdistance before fork of Rs,Sc, at near mid-distance between
origin of Rs and tip of Sc, ; R, at or just beyond mid-lengthof petiole of cell R, ; r r w x at fork of ilf.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, orange, unpatterned.
Male hypopygium (fig. 7) with the basistyle, b, terminating
in a long acute spine. Outer dististyle, od, relatively long,
appearing as a simple blade, the apex cultrate or nearly so,
the outer margin with several appressed spinulze. InnerdististyIe, id, a stout simple blade. Apex of zedeagus,a, produced into a slender spine.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, d, Satipo, Jauja, altitude SOO-900 metres,
June 4, 1940 (Paprzycki).
The nearest described relative is Qonomyia (P?-ogonomyia)
bifasciohta Alexander, which is readily separated fromthe present fly by the characters given in the following
key.

Key to the Species of the quinqueplagiata group.
1. Legs yellow; tips of femora abruptly
blackened. (Southern Mexico.) ........
Legs uniformly yellow or brown, the femora
not darkened at tips ..................
2. Male hypopygium with the apex of basistyre produced into a strong spine (fig. 7 ) .
Male hypopygium with the apex of basistyIe obtuse, unarmed (fig. 8 ) . ..........
3. Wings yellowish, with two pale browncross-bands ; abdominal tergites withconspicuous brown areas. (Greater Antilles ; Central America.). ..............
Wings unpatterned : abdomen uniformly
orange. (Peru.) .....................
4. Wings without a darkened seam at cord:
stigma feebly indicated. (South-eastern
Brazil, northern Argentina.) ...........
Wings with a conspicuous darkened seamat cord, the colour involving the veins:
stigma distinct. (Peru.) ..............

[Alexander.
G. ( P . )ut~oupicata
2.
3.
4.

[Alexander.
G. (P.) bifmciohta

G . (P.)acanthiias, sp. n.
[Alexander.
6 .(P.)quinpuepluginta
G. (P.)forceps, sp. n.

'250

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Gronomyia (Progonomyia)forceps, sp. n.
Belongs to the quinqueplngiata group ; most nearly
allied to quinqueplagiata ; wings brownish yellow-, witha distinct browncross-band along cord, the colour involving
the veins; Sc long; abdomen orange, without darkmarkings ; male hypopygium with the apex of basistyleunspined ; inner dististyle appearing as a broad-based
forceps-shaped structure ; apes of zdeagus a short acutepoint.
Male.-Length about 4.5-5 mm. ; wing 5-5.5 mm.
Female.-Length about 6 mm. ; wing 5.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennz with scape andpedicel yellow, flagellum black, the extreme proximal
ends of the more basal segments yellow, to produce a weakbicoloured appearance ; flagellar segments oval t o elongate
oval and fusiform, the longest verticils exceeding thesegments ; all segments clothed with a long erect pubescence, additional to the verticils. Head yellow.
Pronotum darkened medially in front, the sides andposterior portions yeliow. Pretergites yellow. Nesonotal
praxxutum light yellow with three conspicuous polished
black areas that represent the usual praescutal stripes,
these areas paling to more reddish brown behind ; scutal
lobes extensively polished black ; median area of scutum
and the scutellum yellow ; mediotergite darkened incentral portion, the cephalic lateral borders and thepleurotergite yellow. Pleura yellow, with a conspicuous,plumbeous black, longitudinal stripe extending from the
propleura to the root of halteres, widest on anepisternum ;ventral sternopleurite reddish brown. Halteres brownish
black, the extreme base of stem obscure yellow, the apexof knob brighter yellow. Legs with the coxae yellow,
the fore coxz darker ; trochanters yellow : remainderof legs brownish yellow to darker brown, the tibiae andtarsi still darker. Wings with the ground-colour brownish
yellow, the prearcular field and costal border clear yellow ;a narrow brown band along cord, extending from thestigma across the wing ; a weaker wash along basal halfof vein Gu, occupying both cells M and Cu ; veins obscureyellow, distinctly darkened in the clouded areas along
cord ; vein 2nd A dark ; Cu, the prearcular field and veinsin costal area clear yellow. Venation : S c long, Sc, ending
shortly before fork of Rs,Sc, some distance from its tip ;new or little-known Tipulidze.

251

R, at one-third the length of petiole of cell R, ; m-cu
at or before fork of M .
Abdomen, including hypopygium, clear orange, without
dark pattern. Male hypopygium (fig. 8) with the apex
of basistyle, b, obtuse, not produced into a spine. Outerdististyle, od, a relatively short and wide pale blade,the apex obtuse to subtruncate, the margin microscopically
serrulate. Inner dististyle, id, broad, produced into
two lobes that form a more or less forceps-like structure,
the outer arm a strong curved blade that terminates
in an acute point, directed toward the inner arm which
is obtuse, its margin microscopically serrulate. Apex ofzedeagus, a , terminating in a short acute to subacute point.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Satipo, Jauja, altitude 800-900 metres,
August 30, 1940 (Puprzycki). Bllotopotype, 9,with thetype. Paratopotype, 1 $, May 22, 1940.
The relations of the present fly to the other membersof the group are shown by the key under the accountof the preceding species.
Gonomyia (Gonornyia) birama, sp. n.
Allied to quzsita ; general. coloration of notum darkgreyish brown, the posterior border of scutellum veryvaguely paler ; legs brownish black ; wings with a faintgreyish suffusion ; Rs relatively short, only about twothirds R2+3+4; male hypopygium with the outer dististyleheavily blackened, at apex split into two divergent spines ;inner dististyle terminating in a single blackened spine.
Male.-Length about 3 mm. ; wing 3.8 mm.
Rostrum brown ; palpi black. Antennz black throughout ; flagellar segments elongate, with long conspicuous
verticils. Head dark grey.
Pronotum dark above ; lateral pretergites light yellow.
Mesonotal przescutum greyish brown, the humeral region
obscure yellow ; pseudosutural foveae reddish brown,
not conspicuous ; posterior sclerites of notum dark brown,
only the posterior border of scutellum very vaguely
paler. Pleura and pleurotergite chiefly testaceous pllow,
vaguely patterned with more reddish brown on anepisternum and sternopleurite. Halteres dusky, the base ofstem narrowly pale. Legs with the coxze obscure yellow ;trochanters yellow ; remainder of legs brownish black.

252

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Wings with a very faint greyish suffusion ; stigmal areaa very little darker, diffuse ; veins dark brown. Costal
fringe of male conspicuous. Venation: Xc, ending justbefore origin of Rs, Sc, near its tip ; Rs relatively short,the latter very
less than R4 and about two-thirds R2+3+4,
long, as in the subgroup ; R, short and erect ; m-cu
far beyond the fork of :M, about opposite mid-length of cell
1st
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the sternites somewhat
paler; male hypopygium a little brightened. Male
hypopygium (fig. 9) with the dististyles apical in position.
Outer dististyle, od, heavily blackened, split at apex
into two unequal spines ; stem at near mid-length witfh
a tubercle bearing a very long seta that is subequal inlength to the entire style ; inner dististyle produced
into a slender blackened spine and the usual pale lobe
bearing the two fasciculate setze, this lobe long and narrow.
Phallosome, p , consisting of two slender rods, gently
diverging, their tips narrowed into acute spines.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Huacapi'stana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 ft., February 11, 1940 (Woykowski).
The nearest allies of the present fly are Gonomyia(Gonomyia) anduzei Alexander, of Venezuela, and G. (G.)
quzsita Alexander, of southern Mexico. These three flies
are readily distinguished from one another by the structureof the male hypopygium, especially of the dististyles.

x,.

Gonomyia (Gowmyia) queribunda, sp. n.
Allied to chiapasensis ; antennae black throughout ;outer flagellar segments elongate-cylindrical ; mesonotum
dark brown, the broad scutellum and the median areaof scutum yellow ; thoracic pleura chiefly yellow, weakly
infuscated on the anepisternum and ventral sternopleurite ; legs black ; wings snbhyaline, the diffuse
stigmal area a trifle darker ; Sc, ending opposite originof Rs ; m-cu more than one-half its length beyond thefork of M ; abdomen dark brown, the hypopygium a little
more yellowish ; male hypopygium with the outer lobeof basistyle unarmed ; apical point of dististyle with twovery strong tubercles ; elements of phallosome withconspicuous spinous flanges beyond their basal portions.
HaZe.-Length about 5 mm. ; wing 6 mm.
Rostrum obscure brownish yellow, brighter beneath ;new or little-known Tipulidae.

253

palpi black. Antenns black throughout ; flagellar
segments oval, beyond the basal two or three passing
into elongate-cylindrical, the verticils exceeding thesegments. Head dark grey.
Pronotum brown above, variegated with yellow on sides.
Mesonotal praescutum dark brown, the pseudosutural
fovez black ; lateral pretergites light yellow ; posteriorsclerites of notum dark brown, the median region of
scutum and most of scutellum light yellow ; postnotum
more pruinose, the cephalic-lateral portion of mediotergite
yellow. Pleura yellow, almost unmarked, the anepisternum and ventral sternopleurite a little infuscated ;pleurotergite yellow, slightly darkened on dorsal and on
ventral margins. Halteres infuscated, the base of stem
yellow. Legs with coxs yellow, the fore and middle pairsa trifle darkened ; trochanters obscure yellow ; remainderof legs black. Wings sybhyaline, the diffuse stigma1 areaa trifle darker ; veins dark brown, those in prearcularfield a little brightened. Venation : Sc, ending opposite
origin of Rs,Sc, close to its tip ; cell R, large, vein R,
exceeding R,+,+,; nz-cu more than one-half its length
beyond the fork of M .
Abdomen dark brown, the hypopygium a little moreyellowish. Male hypopygium (fig. 10) with the outer lobeof basistyle, b, dusky, shorter than the dististyle, unarmed.
Dististyle, d, with the blackened apical point bearing twovery strong tubercles beyond mid-length. Phallosome, p ,with conspicuous spinous flanges beyond their bases, thesenot quite alike on the two structures.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 3, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 ft., March 24, 1940 (Woytkoiuski).
The nearest ally among the described species is Gonomyia(Gonomyia) chiapasensis Alexander, of southern Mexico,
which differs chiefly in the structure of the male hypopygium, notably the longer and more slender outer lobeof basistyle, which bears a small but conspicuous flange
or lobe near base, the weakly tuberculate apex of the
dististyles, and the much poorer development of spinous
points or flanges on the two elements of the phallosome.

Gonomyia (Lipophleps)diacanthophora, sp. n.
Belongs to the munca group ; thoracic pleura heavily
striped with pale yellow on a plumbeous ground ; legs

254

Dr. C . P. Alexander onblack; wings with a strong brownish tinge, the costal
and prearcular fields more whitened ; Sc short ; malehypopygium with the basistyle produced beyond the pointof insertion of dististyle as a stout lobe that bears twostrong spines at apex ; dististyle a strong curved spine
and a large oval lobe, the latter bearing the fasciculate
set= at tip ; phallosome bearing a long flattened sinuous
blade.
Male.-Length about 4 mm. ; wing 4.5 mm.
Head broken.
Anterior lateral pretergites light yellow. Mesonotum
dark plumbeous to pruinose, the posterior border ofscutellum and the extreme posterior border of each scutallobe yellow. Pleura plumbeous, with a conspicuous,
pale yellow, longitudinal stripe extending from behind thefore coxa to the abdomen, passing beneath the root of thehalteres, the pleurotergite similarly pale ; dorsopleural
membrane yellow. Halteres pale yellow, the knob very
weakly darkened. Legs with the fore coxa greyish
plumbeous, the remaining cox= yellow, only the extreme
base of middle pair dark ; trochanters yellow ; remainderof legs black. Wings with 11' strong brown tinge, theprearcular and costal fields more whitened ; stigma only
a little darker than the ground, ill-defined ; veins brown,
those in the prearcular and costal portions more brightened.
Venation : S c short, Sc, ending a distance be€ore originof Rs that is equal to the entire length of the latter vein,Sc, near its tip ; m-cu close to fork of iW.
Abdominal tergites dark brown ; sternites and hypopygium obscure yellow. Male hypopygium (fig. 11)
with the apex of basistyle, b, produced beyond point ofinsertion of dististyle as a stout lobe that terminates in twostrong spines, their tips acute, the lower spine a little
stouter ; outer face of basistyle almost without setigerous
punctures. Dististyle, d , appearing as a strong curved
horn-yellow spine, provided with setulz on basal third,
narrowed to an acute tip ; on basal portion a second styleor lobe, appearing as a large oval lobe with the two usual
fasciculate seta at its apex. Phallosome, p , consistingof a quadrate pale basal mass, at apex produced into a stout
median lobe; longest arm of phallosome appearing as
a long flattened sinuous blade, the apex obtusely cultriform.
Hub. Peru (Junin).

new or little-known Tipulidae.

255

Holotype. 8,Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 2600 metres,
May 13, 1940 (Woytkowski).
Gonomyia (Lipophleps) diacanthophora is entirely distinct from the numerous species of the m a m a group in the
Neotropical fauna. As usual, the structure of the malehypopygium provides the best characters. The presenceof two spines at the apex of the lobe of the basistyle,the nature of the dististyle, and conformation of thephallosome are quite different from other species.
Erioptera (Empeda)percupida, sp. n.
Size large (wing, female, over 5 mm.) ; general colorationof thorax yellowish brown, conspicuously patterned with
polished black ; pleura with a black longitudinal stripe ;
halteres yellow ; legs yellow, the tips of femora, tibiae
and basitarsi blackened ; wings uniform very pale yellow,
unpatterned ; veins yellow ; Sc, ending about opposite
mid-length of Rs.
Fembe.-Length about 5 mm. ; wing 5.5 mm.
Rostrum dark brown ; palpi black. Antennae relatively
short ; basal three or four segments obscure yellow tobrownish yellow, the outer segments brownish black ;flagellar segments oval, decreasing in size outwardly,
the terminal segment about one.-half the penultimate ;verticils of moderate length. Head light grey.
Pronotum light yellow. Mesonotal praescutum lightchestnut brown, conspicuously patterned with black, thesurface nitidous; the black areas include nearly the
cephalic half of the praescutum,the colour continued caudad
as a narrower line to the suture ; sublateral portions ofpraescutuni extensively blackened, the colour crossing thesuture onto the outer cephalic portions of the scutal lobes,
the remainder of the latter less intensely darkened;scutellum brownish testaceous, the parascutella black ;postnotum black, sparsely pruinose. Pleura chestnutbrown, conspicuously striped with black on the anepisternum, pteropleurite and pleurotergite ; dorsopleuralregion pale yellow. Halteres uniformly pale yellow. Legs
with the coxae yellow, the fore pair infuscated on outerface ; trochanters yellow ; femora yellow, the tips abruptly
and conspicuously black, most extensive on the fore pairwhere about the outer third is included, narrowest on theposterior pair where about the distal eighth is involved ;tibiae and basitarsi yellow, the tips narrowly blackened ;256

Dr. C . P. Alexander onouter tarsal segments black. Wings uniformly very paleyellow, unpatterned ; veins pale yellow, relatively inconspicuous against the ground. Venation: Sc, ending
about opposite mid-length of Rs ; R,+,+,about one-fourth
longer than R, ; R, oblique, a little less than one-third R, ;m-cu just before fork of M .
Abdomen brown, the central portions of the tergites
and the pleural region darker brown; ovipositor withvalves darkened basally, paling to horn-yellow outwardly.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 9, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 ft., Pebruary 25, 1940 (Woytkowski).
Erioptera (Empeda) percupida is so different from allother described American species that comparison is
unnecessary. It much more resembles several speciesof the subgenus in eastern Asia, especially E. (E.) nigroapicalis Alexander, of Formosa, and E . (E.)rata Alexander,of Mindanao, yet differs in all details of coloration, especially of the body and wings.
Molophilus (Molophilus)gargantua, sp. n.
Size large (wing 8 mm.) ; general coloration darkbrown ; mesonotal praescutum with the ground-colour
dark brown, with four paler brown to ochreous-brown
stripes ; knobs of halteres light yellow ; legs brownish
black, the femoral bases brightened ; wings pale creamyellow, with two brown cross-bands, the first at level oforigin of Rs,the second at cord.
Female.-Length about 7-5 mm. ; wing 8 mm.
Rostrum dark brown; palpi black. Antennae pale
brown ; basal flagellar segments long-oval, the outer
segments passing into cylindrical ; terminal segment
a little longer than the penultimate and slightly bulbous
at apex ; longest verticils exceeding the segments. Headdark brown, sparsely pruinose.
Pronotum brownish black. Rlesonotal praescutum withthe ground dark brown, the four usual stripes and thehumeral region abruptly light brown to ochreous brown,
the intermediate pair of stripes separaked by a capillaryline of the ground ; posterior sclerites of the notmumdark
brown. Pleura, including dorsopleural membrane, darkbrown. Halteres with stem dusky, the base paler, theknob abruptly light yellow. Legs with the cox= brown ;new or little-known Tipulids.

257

trochanters brownish yellow ; femora brownish yellow
at base, passing into dark brown ; tibiae and tarsi brownish
black. Wings with the ground-colour pale cream-yellow,
brighter yellow in the arcular field ; a conspicuous brownpattern, including the extreme ba.se of wing, and two
major bands, the first at level of origin of Rs,the second
a t cord ; veins brown, paler in the ground areas ; macrotrichia dark brown. Venation : R, lying just distadof level of r-m ; petiole of cell M , subequal in length
to the sinuous m-cu ; vein 2nd A sinuous, ending about
opposite fork of LM,+.~.
Abdomen brownish black, sparsely pruinose ; ovipositor with valves horn-yellow.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 0, Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 9, 1940 (Woytkotm'ci).
iMolophilus (Nolophilus) garqantaa is one of the largest
species of the genus in the Neotropical fauna. Amongothello, sp. n.,these large-sized forms, such as M . (X.)
M . ( M . )Zuzuriosus Alexander, Jf. (111.)coZossus Alexander
and M . (Ji.)titan Alexander, it difTers in the combinationof coloration of the niesonotal praescutum, yellow knobsof halteres, and the variegated wings.
Jlolophilus (Nolophilus) othello, sp. n.
Belongs t o trheplagiatus group ; size large (wing, male,
7.5 mm.) ; general coloration of body, antennae, halteresand legs intense black ; wings with a strong blackish
suffusion ; male hppopygium with beak of basistyle
very stout and compressed ; basal dististyle a nearlystraight blackened rod that is unequally bispinous a t apex.
Nale.-Length about 6.5 mm. ; wing 7-5 mm.
Female.-Length about 7.5 mm. ; wing 9 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black throughout ;flagellar segments oval, clothed with a coarse erectpubescence, in addition t o the verticils which are nearly
twice the length of the segments ; outer segments withshort apical constrictions ; terminal segment a irifle
exceeding the penultimate. Head black.
Thorax almost uniform deep velrety-black, the przscutum with slightly more shiny stripes. Halteres black
throughout. Legs black. Wings strongly suffused with
18
Ann. &s Mag. N . Hist, Ser. 11. Vol. viii.

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

258

black, the costal and stigma1 portions even darker;
veins and trichia black. Venation : R, lying a shortdistance beyond level of' r-m ; petiole of cell fM, short,
only a little exceeding m-cu ; vein 2nd A long and sinuous,
ending about opposite base of cell &I3.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, black ; apices of cerci
broadly horn-yellow. Male hypopygium (fig. 12) with
Figs. 12-17.

h

b-

12

,

. ....

I5
Fig. 12.-Molophil26s (Molophilus)othello, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
Fig. 13.-Molophilzbs (Molophilus)persinzcoszss,sp.n. ; malehypopygium.
Fig. 14.-Molophilzbs (Molophilus) panchrestzbs, sp. n. ; male hypoPYgium.
Fig. 15.-Mobphilzbs (Molophilzbs)pula, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
Fig. 16.-Molophililu.s (Mobphdus)~ M L S sp.
,
n. ; male hypopygium.
(Molophilus) penicillatus, sp. n. ; male hypoFig. 17.-Molophilus
PYgium.
Symbols : b , basistyle ; bd, basal dististyle.

the beak of basistyle very stout and compressed, in lateraloutline appearing sub-oval. Outer dististyle, od, withthe arms unequal, the outer longer and more slender.
Basal dististyle, bd, a nearly straight blackened rod

new or little-known Tipulidz.

259

that is unequally bispinous at apex, the long terminal
spine more than t h e e times the length of the subapicalone.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 3, Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 2600 metres,
May 12, 1940 (Woytkowski). Allotopotype, Q, May 3, 1940.
The present fly is readily told from other large-sized
members of the genus by the intense black colour of theentire body and appendages and by the structure of themale hypopygium. It most resembles Molophilus (Molophilus) gurgantua, sp. n., which is readily told by thecoloration of the body, legs and wings, and by the yellow
knobs of the halteres.
Molophilus (Molophilus)persinuosus, sp. n.
Belongs to the p l q i a t u s group ; size large (wing, male,over 6 mm.) ; antennae (male) elongate, flagellar segments
spindle-shaped ; general coloration of thorax brownish
grey, the median area of praxcutum broadly darker
brown ; halteres obscure yellow ; legs black, the femoral
bases obscure yellow ; wings with the ground-colour
yellow, the veins narrowly bordered by darker, themncrotrichia very long ; male hypopygium with the basal
dististyle a long blackened rod that is very strongly
sinuous on basal half, at about two-thirds the length
bearing a strong lateral spine.’
Male.-Length about 5.5 mm. ; wing 6.6 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black throughout,elongate in male, if bent backward extending about t oroot of halteres ; flagellar segments spindle-shaped,with very long, outspreading verticils, most numerouson the central dilated portion of segment. Head darkbrownish grey.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal praescutum brownish
grey, the median area broadly darker brown, the surface
subnitidous ; posterior sclerites of notum brownish black.
Pleura brownish black, including the dorsopleural membrane. Halteres obscure yellow throughout. Legs withthe coxae obscure yellow, the fore pair a little darker ;trochanters obscure yellow ; remainder of legs black,the femoral bases obscure yellow. Wings with the ground18*

260

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

colour yellow, the membrane adjoining the veins more
suffused ; veins brown, the long rnacrotrichia dark brown ;costal fringe long and dense. Venation ; R, lying somedistance beyond r-m ; petiole of cell X,only a little longer
than m-cu ; vein 2nd A very long and sinuous, ending
oppositk base of cell 21,.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, brownish black.
Male hypopygium (fig. 13) with the beak of basistyleslender. Outer dististyle with the arms unequal, the inner
stout. Basal dististyle, bd, a long blackened rod, stout
and very strongly sinuous on basal half, the outer halfnearly straight and gradually narroved, terminating
in a slender, gently curved spine ; at base of spine on outermargin with a low group of roughened tubercles ; at near
two-thirds the length of style bearing a conspicuous
slender lateral branch.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, d, Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 3600 metres,
May 12, 1940 (Woytkowski).
Nolophilus (Molophilus)* persinuosus is closest to
31. ( M . ) subfalcatus Alexander, of Venezuela, M . ( M . )-subtenebricosus Alexander, of Colombia, and M . ( M . )tenebricosus Alexander, of Colombia, differing in the large
size and, especially, in the structure of the male hypopygium, notably the peculiar basal dististyle.

Molophilus (Molophilus)punchrestus, sp. n.
Belongs to the plagiatus group ; size small (wing,
male, 3.5 mm.) ; general coloration dull brownish black,the praescutum with indications of darker stripes ; legs
black throughout ; wings broad, strongly suffused withblack ; male hypopygium with the basal dististyle a simple
rod, at apex expanded into a triangular head that isstrongly emarginate at apex, the lobes set with appressedspinous points and blackened-spines.
Male.-Length about 3 mm. ; wing 3.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black throughout,relatively short ; flagellar segments long-oval, the outer
segments shorter ; verticils of unusual length, the longest
exceeding three times the segments ; besides the verticils,
the segments are provided with long erect pale setae,
chiefly at mid-length. Head black.

new or little-known Tipulidae.

261

Thorax dull brownish black, the praescutum withindications of four more brownish stripes that are illdelimited against the ground. Pleura brownish black.
Halteres short, the base of stem obscure yellow, theremainder darker, clothed with yellow setae. Legs black
throughout. Wings broad, with a strong blackish tinge ;veins and trichia dark. Venation : R, lying just beyond
level of r--m ; petiole of cell M , a little less than twice
m-cu ; vein 2nd A long, sinuous, ending about opposite
mid-length of petiole of cell N 3 .
Abdomen, including hypopygium, black. Male hypopygium (fig. 14) with the spine of basistyle, b, long andslender. Outer dististyle with the apical arms unequalin length and thickness, the inner long and slender;outer arm with mesa1 face microscopically roughened.
Basal dististyle, bd, a long simple rod, the base a little
dilated, the apical third gradually expanded into a
triangular head, the apes of which is strongly eniarginate,
the stem and outer portion of head with microscopic
appressed spinuh, the produced inner lobe of head witha group of short black spines. Phallosomic plate glabrous,
its apex very gently emarginake. Bdeagus very longand slender.
Hub. Peru (?Tunin).
Holotype, 8, Satipo, Jauja, altitude 800-900 metres,
May 1, 1940 (Paprzycki).
The most similar species are Nolophilus (,Volophilus)
lictor Alexander, of Colombia, and Af. (M.) sublictor
Alexander, of Costa Rica, both of which have the malehypopygium of the same general type yet differing in thedetails, especially of the basal dististyle. The small sizeand strongly blackened wings furnish additional characters for the determination of the present fly.

il.irolophilus (LWobphilus)pala, sp. n.
Belongs to the plugiutus group ; general coloration dull
brownish black, unpatterned; antennae of male ofmoderate length, the longest flagellar verticils unilaterally
distributed ; knobs of halteres light yellow ; legs brownish
black ; wings with a pale yellow tinge, unmarked ;male hypopygiuin with the beak of basistyle small,

262

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

triangular ; basal dististyle a simple blade, the length
only about four times the greatest width.
Male.-Length
about 4.5 mm. ; wing 5-5 mni. ;antennz about 1 inm.
Rostrum dark brown; palpi black. Antennae ofmoderate length, black throughout ; flagellar segments
oval, the outer ones a little more elongate ; longest
verticils unilaterally distributed. Head dark brown.
Pronotum and mesonotum almost uniformly dull
brownish black, the przescutum without stripes. Pleura
brownish black, including the dorsopleural area. Haltereswith stem yellow at base, darkened outwardly, knob lightyellow. Legs with coxze dark brown ; trochanters a little
paler ; remainder of legs brownish black. Wings witha pale yellow tinge ; veins pale brown, more yellow at base.
Venation : R, lying about opposite r-m ; petiole of cell
171, less than twice wi-cu ; vein 2nd A elongate, extending
almost to opposite mid-length of petiole of cell 17.1,.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, dark brown. Male
hypopygium (fig. 15) with the beak of basistyle, b, small,+riangular. Outer dististyle with arms unequal in lengthand diameter, the inner arm longer and more slender.
Basal dististyle, bd, a simple blade, shaped much likethe pala of the Hemipterous family Corixidz ; length
only about four times the greatest width which is a t near
mid-length, thence narrowed to the subacute tip.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 20, 1940 (Woytkowski).
JIolophilus (Molophilus) palu is readily distinguishedby the structure of the male hypopygium, notably thebasal dististyle, which is unusually small and simple.
Aniong the described species, this organ is most liket h a t of M . ( M . ) debilistylus Alexander, of south-eastern
Brazil, but the other structures are quite distinct.
JIolophilus (Molophilus)grus, sp. 11.
Belongs t o the plccgiatus group ; general coloration
brownish grey ; antennz (male) of moderate length,
black throughout ; legs brown: the-femoral bases a littlebrightened ; wings subhyaline, with a very faint darkening
along cord ; male hypopygium with the beak of basistyle
blackened, decurved a t tip ; basal dististyle a very

new or little-known Tipulidz.

263

conspicuous black rod, the apes suddenly narrowed intoa strong black spine suggesting the head of a crane;
apex and margin of style with conspicuous spinous points.
Male.-Length about 4 4 - 5 mm. ; wing 5-55 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. h i t e n n z black throughout,of moderate length ; flagellar segments subcylindrical,
the longest verticilis exceeding the segments ; pubescenceof segments short and delicate. Head dark grey.
Pronotum brownish grey.
Mesonotal przscutum
brownish grey, the niedian region somewhat clearerbrown ; pretergites very obscure yellow ; posteriorsclerites of notum brownish grey, the posterior borderof scutelluin a trifle brightened. Pleura brownish black.
Halteres with stem yellow, knob infuscated. Legs with
cox= testaceons, the fore pair more brownish testaceous ;trochanters obscure yellow ; remainder of legs brown,
the femoral bases somewhat brightened, the tarsi darkbrown ; fore tibiz (male) with a slightly darkened subbasal
ring. Wings subhyaline, with a very faint and ill-defineddarkening along cord ; veins pale ; macrotrichia dark ;veins along cord a trifle darker. Costal fringe long anddense. Venation : R, lying just beyond level of r-m ;petiole of cell M , about one-fourth to one-half longer than
the sinuous m-cu ; vein 2nd A long and sinuous, ending
about opposite one-third the length of petiole of cell fM,.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, dark brown. Male
hypopygium (fig. 16) with the beak of basistyle, b, blackened and strongly decurved a t apex. Outer dististylewith stein slender, the arms large and conspicuous, theinner arm very narrow, the short outer arm broad andflattened, its apex truncate. Basal dististyle, bd, a very
conspicuous black rod, the stem stout, the apex abruptly
narrowed and produced into a long slender spinous
point ; a t base of point with a group of long slender spines
or spinous set=, with a further linear row of the same
continued basad for more than one-half the total lengthof style, the more basal spines stouter and paler;besides these spines, the margin of style basad of apicalpoint with a series of three or four strong tubercles.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Carpapata, Tarrna, altitude 2600 metres,
May 1, 1940 (Woytkowski). Paratopotypes, 2 $3, with
type ; paratypes, 1 $, Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude

264

On new or little-known Tipulidz.

2800 metres, April 22, 1940 ; 2 33, Huacapistana, altitude3600-5400 ft., February 10-14, 1940.
I n the general structure of the male hypopygium,
Molophilus (Molophilus) g u s suggests species suchas 1i. (M.) Zictor Alexander, of Colombia ; M.(144.)luxuriosus Alexander, Colombia ; X . (M.) miraculus -4lesander,
Mexico ; and N . (M.) pennatus Alexander, Mexico,differing very conspicuously in all details of structureof the male hypopj g'ium.
llrlolophilus (Molophilus) penicillatus, sp. n.
Belongs t o the plagiatus group ; general coloration
brownish grey ; antennz black throughout ; halteresyellow ; legs brownish yellow. the tarsi darker ; wings
yellowish subhyaline, with a conspicuous, pale brown area
along cord ; male hypopygium with the basal dististylea stout rod that forks into two unequal slender spines,
betu-een the two with a dense brush of setre ; outer arm
before apex with a comb of long spinous points.
Male.-Length about 5-5.5 nini. ; wing 6-7 mm.
Female.-Length about 6-5-7 mm. ; wing 7-8 mm.
Rostrum dark brown; palpi black. Antennae black
throughout ; flagellar segments oval to long-oval, thelongest verticils unilaterally distributed, a little more than
twice the length of the segments ; pubescence relatively
long but pale. Head brownish grey.
Pronotum brownish grey above, pale yellow on sides ;pretergites pale yellow. Mesonotuni brownish grey, thehumeral region of praescutum restrictedly brightened ;pseudosutural foveae black. Pleura brownish grey. Halteres yellow throughout. Legs with coxre testaceous
yellow ; trochanters yellow ; femora and tibire brownish
yellow : tarsi dark brown to brownish black. Wings
yellowish subhyaline, with a conspicuous pale brown area
extending from the stigma across the cord ; veins yellow,
a little darker in the clouded area ; niacrotrichia pale
brown. Costal fringe long and dense. Venation : R,lying
shortly beyond level of r-m ; m-cu subequal to or about
one-fourth longer than the weakly sinuous m-cu ; vein
2nd d of moderate length, extending about t o opposite
one-third to one-fourth the length of petiole of cell M,.
Abdomen dark brown ; hypopygium obscure yellow
or brownish yellow. Male hypopygium (fig. 17) with the7On a small Collection of Myriapoda from Cornwall. 265

beak of basistyle, b, relatively stout, very gently curved.
Outer dististyle, od, with the arms unequal, the innerlong and slender. Basal hstistyle, bd, a stout rod thatforks into two unequal slender arms, the outer long andslender, the inner less than one-half as long ; betqeen
the two arms with a dense brush or pencil of setze ; outerarm before apex with a comb of long spinous points ;inner spine simple.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 21, 1940 ( Woytkowski). Alltopotype, 9, pinned
with type. Paratopotypes, 35 $9,April 7-25, 1940.
Xolophilus (Holophilus) penicillatus is most similar
to species such as M . ( i i . )gymnocladus Alexander, of Chile,differing very conspicuously in the structure of the malehypopygium, especially of the basal dististyle, as the dense
axillary brush of setze.
liolophilus (Molophilus)sicarius partitus, subsp. n.
Close to the typical form, likewise from Huacapistana,
Tarma, differing in details of structure of male hypopygium. Basal dististyle with the outer blade very
narrow, not or scarcely expanded at mid-length ; spineof outer face smooth or with spinuh a t base only. I n the
typical form the outer blade is expanded a t mid-length,
being more than twice as wide as at base ; lateral spinewith numerous microscopic spinulse virtually to its apex.
Nab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 ft., March 24, 1940 ( Woytkozuski). Paratopotypes,
2 $8, March 7-21,1940. Paratypes, 1 $, 1 9,Carpapata,
Tarma, altitude 2600 metres, June 7-3, 1940 (Woytkowski).

XX1.-Notes on asmall Collection of Myriapoda (Chilopoda)
from Cornwall. By Corporal H. J. LARWOOD,
R.A.M.C.

SCHARPP(1912) drew attention to the presence in Cornwall
and Ireland of species occnrring in Spain and southern
France. It was partly in the hope that further examples
would be found of this Lusitanean fauna that the present
collection was begun. The scope, however, is small,being restricted to one small region in the neighbourhoodof Camborne, and to the summer months. I n addition,