THE

ANNAI,SAND

M. GAZINE OF NATURALHISTORY.

[NINTII SERIES.]

No. 74. FEBRUARY

1924.

X XII.--New or little-known Tipulidm (Diptera).~XX. Australasian Species. By C~IARLgS P. AL~XANDElt, Ph.D.,
F.E.S., Massachusetts
Massachusetts, U.S.A.

Agricultural

College~ Amherst,

Tile species discussed at this time are from Queensland,
New South Wales, and Tasmania, and were included inextensive series of erane-flies sel~t to me for determination
by my friends Messrs. Dodd~ ]~erguson, Iltingworth, Robinson, and S6guy. Where not stated to the contrary, thetypes are t)re~erved in the writer's collection.
G ~UANOM~IA, Haliday.
PSEVDAPOROSA~subgen, n o v .
Ctlaracters as in Geranomyia, s. s., with the following
exceptions : rostrum and paraglossm combined about as longas the head ; maxillary palpi u21iarticulate.
Type o[ tile subget~us: Geranomyia venustithorax, sp. n.
(Australian subregion).
Geranomyia venustithorax might be referred to either ofthe genera Dicranomyia or Geranomyia aud appears to be an
a n n e c t a n t form. The structure o[ the mouth-parts would
indicate a Geranomyia that is on the immediate border-lina
between this genus and the allies of Dieranomyia. The
Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Set. 9. Vol. xiii.
12

178

Dr. C. P. Alexander onparaglossae (which are presumably the labial palpi) are here
merely elongate fleshy lobes that are very different in structure from the paraglossae of otimr known species of the genus.
The subgenus Monophana, Edwards, which also has the
maxillary palpi reduced to a single segment, has the othermouth-parts of the typical Geranomyia form.

Geranomyla (Pseudaporosa) venustithorax, sp. n.
Rostrum very short, paraglossm about half the length of
the head; general coloration y~llow; mesonotum with asemicircle of ten black spots, of which six are on the prmscutum and four oil the scutum ; wings yellowish subhyaline,
sparsely spotted with brownish black ; Sc long ; abdominal
tergites annuiated brown and pale yellow.
Male.--Length 6'5 ram. ; wing 6"5 ram.
Female.--Length 6"5 ram. ; wing 6"3 mm.
Rostrum brownish yellow, elongate, palpi dark brown.
Autennm dark brown, the flagellum paler; flagellar segments
submoniliform to rounded oval. Head yellow.
Mesonotal prmscutum yellowish laterally, the disk more
reddish yellow ; six suboval black spots arranged in a semicircle, the two anterior being located before mid-length of
tho usual median prmscutal stripes, the remaining fouron the lateral margins ; scutum whitish, each lobe with two
confluent brownish-bl~ck areas, the antero-lateral ones
immediately behind the suture; posterior two-thirds of
postnotum brown, this including the lateral as well as the
mcdia~ sclerites. Pleura pale, the mesepisternum faintly
darkened. Halteres pale. Legs with the coxm and trochanters faintly darkened; femora, tibim, and metatarsi
brownish yellow, the tips of the segments narrowly blackened;
terminal tarsal segments brown. Wings yellowish subhyaline, with three brownish-black spots located at arculus,
at the supernumerary cross-vein in cell So, and at the origin of
Jis; stigma paler brown, small, subcircular ; cord and outeread o~ cell 1st ~i~ indistinctly seamed with darker; veinsdark brown, veins C and Sc more yellowish. Venation : Scl
ending about opposite mid-length of Rs, Sc2 some distancefrom the tip of Scl ; a supernumerary cross-vein in cell Sc ;Rs about twice the length of the basal deflection of R4+5;
1st M2 closed, elongate-rectangular ; basal deflection of Cul
one-half or more of its length beyond the fork of M.
Abdomen pale yellowish white, the tergites irregularly
annulated with dark brown, this appearing as lateral margins
to the segmcnts a~d a paler bro~'u medi~tn stripe, narrowlynew or little-known Tipulid0e.

179

connected across the anterior margin of each segment by apale brown cross-band ; sternites pale with only the extreme
lateral margins of the segments darkened. Male hypopygiumwith the basistyles relatively small ; ventral dististyle subcircular in outline, the beak-like rostrum hearing a single
powerful spine with an enlarged base; dorsal dististyleshort, ahnost straight, a little curved at tip. Gonapophyses
produced apically into a slender, chitinized, slightly curved
point.
Hab. North Queensland.
Holotype, c~, Mossman, October 20, 1920 (J. F. Illing-

worth).
Allotopotype, ?.
]~aratopotypes, 40 ~ ~.
The types~ which were all taken at light, are preserved inalcohol.

Geranomyia ( Geranomyia) penthopter% sp. n.
General coloration black) the humeral region of the praescutum reddish; wings with a strong brownish tinge ; Sc
long, cell 1st Ms dosed.
Male.--Length (excluding rostrum) 5-6"8 ram. ; wing
6-6"8 ram.; rostrum about 2"6-3 mm.
~'emale.--Length (excluding rostrum)6"4 mm.; wing
6"2 mm. ; rostrum 2"8 mm.
Rostrum and palpi brownish black. Antennae brownish
black throughout. Head black, the front and anterior partof the vertex silvery pollinose, this coloration continued as anarrow line on to the vertex, but becoming obsolete before
the oeciput.
1)ronotum black, reddish posteriorly. Mesonotum black,the humeral regions of the praescutum broadly reddish.
Pleura dark brown, the ventral sclerites and the sternum
more reddish. Halteres brown, the base of the stem yellow.
/Jogs with the eoxa3 yellow, the mid and hind coxae more orleas in[useated; remainder of the legs dark brown, the fore
femora paler at bases. Wings with a strong brownish tinge;
cell ~¢1, the wing-tip, and the stigma slightly darker brown;veins dark brown. Venation: Sc long, Sol extending tojust before the end of the long sector, Sc2 at the tip of thelong ~cl; /~s longer than the basal section of Ii2+a; r-m
shorter than m ; cell 1st Ms closed ; basal deflection of Cul
at or close to the fork of M.
Abdomen dark brownish black, the sternites paler, more
reddish brown.
12"

180

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

In the female the mesonotum is reddish with only tim
median area black ; femora paler than in the male.
Hab. North Queensland.
Hololype, c~, ]3abind% October 30, 1920 (J. F. llliagworth).
Allotopotype, ? , October 1920.
Paratol)otypes , 3 d' d' with type; 1 ? , October 1920.
" Scrub stream neat" water."

Geranomyia ( Geranomyia) manca, sp. n.
General coloration shiny black, the front and thoracic
pleura silvery l)ruinose ; wings hyaline ; Sc long ; cell
1st M2 open by the atrophy of m.
Femole.--Length (excluding rostrum) 5"5-6"3 ram. ; wing
5"5-6"2 ram. ; rostrum about 3-3"2 ram.
Rostrum, palpi, and antennm black. Head grey-pruinose,
more silvery on front and anterior part of vertex.
Mesonotum shiny black, the pra~scutum on sides silvery.
Pleura black, heavily silvery prumose; sternum yellowish
testaceous. Halteres whitish yellow. Lt, gs greenish testaceous basally, the remainder dark brown. Wings hyaline ;stigma small, oval; veins brownish black. Venation: Sc
long, Scl ending about opposite four-fifths of the length ofRs; Sc2 a short distance from the tip of Scl; a supernumerary cross-vein in cell Sc; lCs about twice the basal
deflection of R4+~ and a little longer than the basal sectionof R2+a; r-m longer than the basal deflection of MI+~ ; cell
1st M2 open by the atrophy of m; basal deflection of L'ulsome distance beyond the fork of M and a little longer thanC'u~ alone.
Abdomen dark brown, the sternites yellowish testaeeous.
ltub. North Queensland.
llolotype, ? , Babinda, November 10, 1920 (A. P. Dodd).
Paratopobjpes, 3 broken ~ ~, October 1920 (J. F. Illingworth).
" O n scrub foliage."
Limonia semitrislis, sp. n.
General coloration dark brown, sparsely pruinose ; tips offemora dark brown ; wings faintly infuseated, stigma subcircular, dark brown; wing-tip and cord faintly darkened;
Sc long, Sc2 at tip of SCl; abdominal segments narrowly
margined caudally with yellowish.
Male.--Length 7 mm. ; wing 6"5 mm.
Female.--Lcngth 7"5 ram. ; wing 7 ram.

~ew or llttle-known Tipulid~e.

18[

Rostrum, palpi, and antennm dark brown. Head darkbrown, pruinose; front and anterior part of vertex moresilvery.
Mesonotum brownish grey, the prmscutum without distinct
stripes. Pleura dark brown, pruinose, with a brighter silvery
longitudinal stripe above the bases of the coxm. Halteresdark brown, the basal half of the stem yellow. Legs withthe coxm and trochanters brownish testaceous; femora
brownish testaceous, the tips broadly dark brown ; tibim andtarsi brown, the terminal tarsal segments darker. Wings
with a slight infuscation, cell Sc more yellowish; stigma
subcircular, dark brown ; wing-tip and the veins along thecord and outer end of cell 1st M~ slightly infuscated ; veins(lark brown. Venation : Sc long, Scx ending opposite midlength of the deflection of R4+5 ; Sc~ at tip of Scl ; r at tipo[ R1; Rs arcuated, about twice the basal deflection of
R4+.~ ; basal deflection of Cul at or beyond mid-length of cell
1st M~.
Abdomen brownish black, the caudal margin of the segments narrowly pale; anterior margins of basal sternites
broadly pale, especially in the female.
tIab. North Queensland.
Holotype, c~, Kuranda, November 30, 1920 (.4. _P. Dodd).
Allotopotype, ~ , on tree-trunk.
Paratopolypes, 2 ?. ?.
Limonia semitristis is closely allied to L. bidentata (Skuse),
differing in the details of coloration and venation, especiallythe longer Sc and the different course of the veins aroundthe stigma.

Trentepohlia (Mongoma) tarsalis, sp. n.
Gene~'al coloration brown, the thoracic pleura more yellowish ; legs dark brown, the tarsi snowy-white; mid-tibimfeathered, somewhat as in T.pennipes (Osten-Sacken).
Female.--Length 8"4, ram. ; wing 6"7 ram.
Rostrum and palpi brown. Autennal scape brownish
testaceous, the flagellum dark brown. Head dark grey~ theocciput ochreous.
Mesonotum shiny brown, becoming paler laterally, thescutum obscure yellow. Pleura shiny brownish yellow.
]:[alteres pale brown, the base o[ the stem yellow. Legs
with the coxm and trochanters yellowish testaccous ; femora
and tibim brown, the tips of the latter rather broadly (2mm.)
snowy-white, the mid-tibim feathered ; tarsi white. Wings
pale yellowish grey, the stigma yellow, ill-defined; veins

182

Dr. C. P. Alexander onbrown. Venation: second section of R~+3 equal to or alittle shorter than R~ alone ; filsion of Cu2 and 1st A longer
than m.
Abdomen dark brown. Ovipositor with the tergal valves
slender, strongly upcurved.
Hab. North Queensland.
Holotype, ? , Gordonvale, November 19, 1920 (A. P .

29odd).
Styrlngomyia terrce-regince, sp. n.
General coloration black ; posterior femora with a broadchina-white subterminal ring; wings strongly infumed, ~vitha broad but incomplete hyaline band before the cord.
~fale.--Length 6"3 ram. ; wing 4"3 ram.
Rostrum dark brown, the palpi paler. Antennm with thefirst segment black, the remainder of the organ morebrownish. Head black~ paler anteriorly.
Thorax black, the mesonotal prmscutum indistinctly paler
medially. Halteres dark brown. Legs with the coxm black;trochanters brown; femora black, the fore femora paler atbase, the posterior femora with a broad china-white ring
before the equally broad black apex ; tibim and tarsi black,the extreme bases of the segments narrowly paler. Wings
with the cephalic distal portion strongly iufnmed, theremainder of the wing-disk less strongly infuscated ; a conspicuous hyaline area across the sector, including cells R1,
R, and M ; the bases of cells Cu and 1st A are also paler;veins brown. Venation : as in the genus~ hut vein and cell
2nd A longer than usual.
Abdomen black, including the hypopygium.
Hab. North Queensland.
ttolotype, g , Gordonvale, November 1920 ( A. P. Dodd).
"EK scrub."
Dolichopeza longidigitalis, sp. n.
Male.--Length 8-9 mm. ; wing 10"5 ram.
Female.--Length 12-13 ram. ; wing 11"5-12 mm.
Generally similar to D. planidigitalis, Skuse, from which
it differs as follows : median prmscutal stripe distinctly split
by a pale llne except at the posterior end. Stigma lessdistinct. Abdominal segments not distinctly annulate.
Digitiform appendage of male hypopygium longer, gently
curved mesad near mid-length, the apex weakly dilated andbearing numerous long set,e, espccially on the inner face.
H~b. New South Wales.

new or little-known Tipulid~e.

183

ttolotype, d', Blue Mountains, February 26, 1922 (E. IV.
Fe~uson).
Allotopotype, ?, March 11, 1922 (E. Hr. Ferguson).
Paratopotypes, 5 d' ? , with the type.
I am indebted to Dr. Fergusnn for a comparison of specimens of this species with the type of D. planidigitalis. He
writes : " Seems an undescribed species of Dolichopeza. I
have compared it with the type of i). planidigitalis, hut it
differs in the longer, more curved forceps. The drawing
by Skuse of the forceps of D. planidiyitalis is quite
accurate."
Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.

Plusiomyia nasali.% sp. n.
General coloration orange-yellow, the dorsum of tim
mesonotal prmscutum and scutum black ; flagellar segments
tripectinate ; frontal prolongation of tile head not ill alignment with the remainder of the frons ; nasus distinct ; Icgs
black, the bases of the femora and tibim broadly orange;
wings with a faint brown tinge.
Male.--Length about 20 ram. ; wing 16 ram.
Frontal prolongation of the head yellow, moderatcly
elongate, with a distinct stout nasus ; the frontal prolongation is not in alignment with the frons~ which it meets at
an acute angle; palpi brownish yellow. Antennm with thescape obscure brownish yellow'; flagellar segments lightbrown with black pectinations; flagellar segment 1 has asingle peetination that is about one-third longer than thesegment; flagellar segments 2 to 8 are tripectinate, thebasal pair of pectinations long and slender, about three times
the length of the segment that bears them ; the third pectination of each segment is situated immediately beyond midlength on the basal segments, on the succeeding segments
nearer the distal end of the segment, on the eighth segment
being far out toward the t i p ; this third pectination isapproximately as long as the segment that bears it, except
on the elongate eighth flagellar segment ; terminal segments
simple. Head with the centre of the vertex dark brown,
passing into fulvous on the genre and front ; vertical tubercle
present.
P r o n o t u m obscure orange. Mesonotal pr~escutum andscutum dull black, the small humeral angles and lateral
margins of the former obscure fulvous ; seutellum and postn o t u m reddish brown ; tubercle on lateral sclerite of postnotum very conspicuous, the sides of the sclerite rugulose.

184

Dr. C. P. Alexander on:Pleura reddish brown, sparsely pruinose, the dorso-plenral
membrane orange. Halteres obscure yellow, the knobs brownwith obscure yellow tips. Legs with the coxm pale brown,
sparsely pruinose; trochanters obscure orange; femora
obscure orange, the tills broadly and conspicuously black ;tibiae with about the basal half obscure yellow ; remainder oftibim and tarsi black. Wings faintly tinged with brown ;cells C and Sc dull yellow; stigma small, elongate-oval, darkbrown; veins brownish black. Venation: r uniting with
R~ just beyond the fork, so the terminal section of R: is
not in alignment with r ; petiole of cell M~ a little loLger
than m.
Abdomen with the basal tergite dull dark brown ; remaining
tergites and sternites orange-yellow, pubescent; second
tergite glabrous except on the distal third, where it is faintly
darkened medially.
H~b. New South Wales and Queensland.
Holotype, (~, Mt. Tambourine, South Queensland, altitude2000 feet, February 1922 (.4. P. Dodd).
Paratype, ~ , Rous, Richmond River, New South Wales,
April 1, 1923 ( V. #. Robinson).

Ischnotoma episema, sp. n.
General coloration buffy, the prmscutum with four brown
stripes; pleura grey; femora and tibim reddish brown, thetips narrowly blackened; wings whitish subhyaline, the cells
beyond tile cerd infuseated, the ground-eolour extending to
the wing-apex in cell R~.
Female.--Length 17-18 mm. ; wing 17"5-18 mm.
Frontal prolongation of tile head relatively long andslender, light brown~ greyish dorsally; nasus distinct ; palpi
black. Antennm with the scapal segments buffy, theflagellum black. Head ashy grey, the anterior part of thevertex and the orbits narrowly paler.
Mesonotal prmscutum buffet with four brown stripes, thelong intermediate pair widely separated from one anotherby a li,te of tim ground-colour; lateral stripes with an indistinct capillary vitta; pseudosutural fovem reduced to an
impressed line, its inner end expanded into a shiny pit;
scutum dull grey, the lobes largely brownish black; scutellure black, more greyish behind; postnotum dark grey witha broad brown basal triangle, the point directed caudad.
])leura light grey. Halteres dark brown, the base of theknobs faintly paler. Legs with the coxm light grey;
trochanters reddish yellow; femora reddish brown~ the tips

new or little-known Tipulidw.

185

rather narrowly blackened; tibiae light brown, the tips
narrowly blackened ; tarsi black. Wings whitish subhyaline,
the cells beyond the cord infuscated, leaving most of tile cellR~ all of 1st M2, and the broad bases o~ cells M1, 2nd 2112,
M3, and Cut of the ground-colour; stigma brown, tile
proximal end darker ; cell Sc dark brown ; a brown seamalong vein Cu and the basal deflection of Cut; anal ceils
faintly darkened ; tip of cell 1st A at vein 1st =4 subhyaline ;velns dark brown, pale in the obliterative areas. Yenation :m a little shorter than the petiole of cell Mx.
Abdominal tergites brown, the caudal margins of thesegments narrowly pale ; sternites paler brown. Ovipositor
with the dorsal shield shiny chestnut-brown.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ? , Mt. Kosciusk% December 5, 1921 (Waterhouse).
Paralopotypes, 1 ? , with the t y p e ; I ? , December 7,
1922 (Goldfinch).
Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.

Ischnotoma scutellum-nigrum , sp. n.
General coloration brown; orbits broadly light grey;
mesonotal praeseutum golden-yellow with three dark brown
stripes; seutellum dark; legs black, the femoral bases
conspicuously fulvous; wings tinged with brown, without
distinct markings, the prearcular region strongly yellowish.
Maie.--Length 12"5-13 mm. ; wing 16-16"5 ram.
Female.--I~ength 15 ram. ; wing 16 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head black, sparsely pruinose,
more heavily dorsally ; nasus distinct; palpi black. Antennae
brownish bla, k throughout, the seapal segments a very little
paler; basal segment of scape with transverse constrictions.
Head dark brown, the fi'o,t and posterior orbits broadly
light grey, the anterior orbits narrowly of the same colour.
Pronotum brown. Mesonotal prwscutum light goldenyellow with three very distinct dark brown stripes, tile
median stripe narrowly and indistinctly divided by an opaqueline of the same colour ; pseudosuturat fovem represented bya delicate line, its inner end expanded into a small point ;scutum dark brown, the median area and a narrow line near
the wing-root light grey; scuteltum brownish black, thelateral portions pruinose ; postnotum with the mediotergite
light grey, the posterior third darkened ; a conspicuous darkbrown median triangle, the point directed caudad ; pleurotergite largely dark brown, with an oval grey area immediately cephalad of the base of tile halter. Pleura light

186

D,'. C. P. Alexander on

grey, the dorso-pleural membrane weakly darkened, morebully surrounding the spiracle ; a narrow brown longitudinal
stripe delimits the sternopleura from the pteropleura.
Halteres brown, the knobs darker. Legs with the coxte lightgrey; troehanters orange, weakly pruinose; femora black,the bases conspicuously fulvous, this a little more extensiveon the posterior legs ; remainder of the legs black. Wings
with a strong brownish tinge, but without distinct markings ;wing-base strongly flavous ; stigma darker brown ; weak subhyaline areas before and beyond the stigma and across thebase of cell 1st M~; brown seams along vein C~ and its
branches, and less distinctly on the longitudinal veins beyond
the cord; veins brownish black. Venation: m a little
longer than the petiole of cell 11/1.
Abdomen dark brown, the caudal margins of the tergites
narrowly, the lateral margins more broadly, greyish yellow ;sternites similar~ the posterior margins narrowly pale ; hypopygium dark. Ovipositor with the dorsal shield blackened,
the valves horn-coloured.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ~ , Mt. Kosciusko, December 5, 1921 (l/Valer-house).
.4llotopotype, ?.
Paratopotype, ~, December 7, 1922 (Goldfinch).
Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.

Isehnotoma immaculipennis, sp. n.
General coloration light grey; mesonotal pra~seutum withfour relatively narrow dark brown stripes, the intermediatepair narrowly separated by a dark grey line ; lateral marginsof the selerites light yellow; wings pale brownish subhyali,e, the stigma a little darker; abdomen brownish
ferruginous, the subterminal segments blackened.
Female.--Length about 14, mm. ; wing ]5 ram.
Frontal prolongation of the bead relatively stout, thenasus long and slender, yellow dorsally~ becoming darker on
the sides ; palpi black, the basal segment paler. Antenn,~with the scape fulvous, the flagellum black; flagellar segments only ten in number, the basal six segments inerassated~ the terminal four segments attenuate, especially theterminal two. Head brown, the orbits and genre narrowly
silvery.
Mesonotal pr~eseutum light yellow with four relatively
narrow dark brown stripes, the intermediate pair narrowly
separated by a dark grey line; seutum dark grey, each lobe

new or llttle-known Tipulid~e.

187

with a brown centre ; seutellum brown, pruinose ; postnotum
light grey with a basal median dark brown triangle, thepoint directed eaudad. Pleuralight grey-pruinose, including
the ventral half of the mesonotal pleurotergite. Halteresdark brown, the base of the stem narrowly obscure yellow.
Legs with the eoxm light grey-pruinose ; troehauters yellow ;femora yellow, the tips conspicuously blackened; tibimbrownish yellow, the tips narrowly blackened ; tarsi brown,
passing into black. Wings pale brownish subhyaline;
cell Sc faintly darkened ; stigma pale brownish yellow ; wins
brown. Venation : distal section o~ vein R: in alignment
with the short basal section ; veins R2 and Rs widely diverge~t ; veins R3 and R4+5 widely divergent at outer ends,
the latter ending at the wing-tip ; cell 1st M~ pentagonal,
the long sides parallel; petiole of cell M1 a little longer
than m.
Abdomen with basal tergites (1 to 4) brownish ferruginous, the basal segments with a brown spot on either side ;segments 5 to 8 black with the caudal margins of thesegments very narrowly and indistinctly pale; genital segment ferruginous ; sternites generally similar, but the caudal
margins of the subterminal segments broadly yellow.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ? , Blue Mountains, January 22, 1922 (E. ~ .
Ferguson).

Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.
M a c r o m a s t i z macquartiana, sp. n.
Male.--Length12-13mm. ; wing 17-19 ram. ; antenna

23-24 ram.
Female. ~ Length 13 ram. ; wing 18 ram. ; antenna
2-2"3 ram.
Very similar to M . eostalis (Swederus), differing chiefly
in the shorter antennm in the male sex. In costalis thesemeasure approximately 2 inches in length, whereas in thisnew species they extend slightly less than 1 inch. The
flagellar segments in coslalis gradually increase in length
distally, whereas in m a c q u a r l i a n a they gradually shorten
beyond the second; this is shown by the accompanying
table : Flag. segs. in mm.
Species.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
eostalis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2"7 4'8
5"2 5'96
6"3
macquartiana . . . . . . . . . .
1'8 3'2
3
2'8
2'6 2'5

Other slighter differences between the two species are as

188

Dr. C. P. Alexander onfollows : M. raacquarliana has the vertical tubercle a little
shorter and less conspicuous; prmseutal stripes less clearly
delimited; stigma more yellowish, contrasting with theyellowish-brown costal margin of the wings; Rs a little
longer.
Hub. Tasmania.
Holotype, c~ , Hobart.
Allotopotype, ?.
Paratopotype, c~ ; paratypes, numerous specimens fi-om
Macquart's collection (Verreaux), in the Paris Museum.
Additional specimens from a locality that I have notrecorded in my notes are in the British Museum, and werekindly sent to me 1)y Mr. Edwards.
Macquart's type-specimcn of Macromastix limbipennis(Dipt. Exot. i. pt. l, p. (40, pl. vi., as Megistocera, 1838) wasa single male, from an unknown locality, in which only thetwo basal segments of the antennal flagellum remained
intact. From Macquart's figures it is to be seen that thetype of limbipennis must be referred to the synonymy of
M. costal@, a course that has been followed by all recent
workers ou the group. In the First Supplement to his work
(Supplement ], p. 17, pl. ii. fig. 3, 1846), however, Macquart
has added notes and figures on supplementary material taken
iu Tasmania by Verreaux, and all these later specimens referto the species described herewith as M. macquarliana, in
honour of the distinguished Diptcrologist. I am indebted
to Mons. E. S6guy for the privilege ot~ examining severalof these Verreaux specimens iu collections of crane-flies
belonging to the Paris Museum.

Macromastix albieollis, sp. n .
Mesonotum brown, the pronotum conspicuously whitish ;vertex light grey ; wings strongly tinged with brown ; cells
C, Sc, and stigma darker; conspicuous oblitcrative areas
before and beyond the stigma ; cell M1 sessile or nearly so.
Female.--Length about 9 nlnl. ; wing 13 ram.
Frontal prolongation of thc head dark brown throughout,relatively short and stout, with a long l)owerful nasus.
Antennm with the scapal segments cream-yellow, the first alittle darker dorsally at the base; flagellum dark brown, allsegments beyond the basal three slender. Head dark brown,
the vertex conspicuously light grey ; vertical tubercle feebly
notched.
Pronotum conspicuously whitish. Mesonotal prtescutum
uniform rather light brown, the lateral margins darker

~ew or little-tnown Tipulidw.

189

X~rown; seutum eoneolorous; seutellum testaeeous~ themedian lobe sparsely pruinose ; postnotum dark brown, theanterior half passing into black. Pleura yellow, the posterior
pleurites passing into dark brown; dorsal pleural regionslightly infuscated; sternopleura, and base of fore eoxa
wealdy infuseated, sparsely prumose. Halteres obscureyellow, the knobs dark brown. Legs with the cox~e obscureyellow ; troehanters yellow, each with a black apical spot[~eneath ; femora yellow, the tips conspicuously blackened;
tibim obscure brownish yellow, the tips narrowly infuseated;tarsi obscure yellow, passing into brown. Wings strongly
tinged with brown; cells C, Sc, and the stigma darker
brown ; preareular region conspicuously yellowish ; a conspicuous uninterrupted obliterative area extending frombefore the stigma in cell C across the base of cell 1st M~
into cell 3 ~ ; veins dark brown. Venation: m oblique inposition, giving the outer end o~ cell lsl M~ a conspicuous
point ; cell M1 sessile to short-petiolate; cell 2 n d A moderately
broad.
Abdominal tergites clark brown, the extreme caudal marginsof the segments indistinctly pale; basal sternites yellow,
the caudal margins of the segments narrowly infilseated, themnount increasing on the outer segments, which become
unieolorous brown. Ovipositor with the fleshy valves hairy,
the bhmt tergal Valves separated from one another by aV-shaped notch, covered with short silvery hairs; sternalvalves very densely clothed with long golden-brown setw.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ?, Blue Mountains, February 12, 1922 (E. I1r
Fertjuson); collector's No. 11.
Paralopolype, ? , March 4, 1922 (E. HA. Ferguson ).
Type returned to Dr. E. W. l?erguson.
Macromastix dorrigensis , sp. n.
F e m a l e . ~ L e n g t h about 8"5 mm. ; wing 12 ram.
Seapa[ segments conspicuously paler than the dark brown
flagellum. Anterior half of vertex conspicuously orange.
Pronotum and mesonotum obscure brown, the pr~eseutum
more testaeeous medially, without distinct stripes ; seutetlum
more testaeeous. Wings distinctly tinged with brown;
stigma oval, darker brown. Venation: petiole of cell M1
two-thirds the length of m. Coloration of abdomen nearly
obliterated by distension with eggs.
The species is closely related to M. lorlilis, Alexander,
M. hackeri, Alexander~ and M. brevitJeliolata, Alexander, but

190

Dr. C. P. Alexander onmust be considered as being distinct from all. Tim shortstout frontal prolongation of the head, with a long tuftednasus, distinguishes the group from similar species withlonger frontal prolongations. M. tortilis and M. hackeri
have the coloration brighter yellow, the head yellow, notconspicuously darkened posteriorly. 11/I. tortilis has thewings more yellowish, with the costal area faintly darkened,
especially basally; R~, in proportion to R~, is considerably
longer ; cell 2nd A broader. ~I. hackeri has the wings moreyellowish ; cell 2rid R1 larger ; Rs slightly shorter. M. brevipetiolata, which resembles the present species more closelyin the general coloration of the body and wings, has the
stigma paler, yellowish~ scarcely evident ; petiole of cell M:
very short to almost obliterated ; cell 1st M~ larger.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ? , Loowanna, Eastern Dorrigo, January 31,
1923 ( ~. W. Ferguson).
Type returued to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.
Macromasl~x hackeri, Alexander.
1920. ~laeromastix hackeri, Alexander, Mem. Queensland Mus.
vii. pp. 62, 63.
The type-locality was Brisbane~ Queensland. Dr. Ferguson
has sent me a male, taken in East Dorrigo, New South
Wales, January 30, 1923, by himselL This specimen differsfrom the alcoholic type in the following regards: scapal
segments yellow, the flagellar segments more infuscated.
I4ead orange, yellowish orange o:t the low vertical tubercle.
:Mesonotum shiny obscure yellow. Femoral apices scarcely
infuscated. Proximal end of stigma in cell Scl darker
brown than the remainder of the stigma ; Rs, l~:+a~and 1~
straighter.
Macromastix aurantioceps, sp. n.
General coloration obscure yellow with three conspicuous
dark brown stripes on prmscutum; frontal prolongation ofhead relatively short, nasus distinct ; vertical tubcrcle of hcadorange ; femoral tips narrowly but conspicuously blackened ;wings strongly tinged with brown, cell Sc darker brown ;obliterative areas before and beyond the stigma and acrossthe base of cell 1st M2; abdomen brownish fulvous, theposterior half of the segments with a transverse black bandor triangle.
Female.--Length 10-11 mm. ; wing 12"5-15 ram.

new or little-l~nown Tipulidte.

191

Frontal prolongation of head relatively short and stout,
obscure yellow, the dorsum more infuscated ; nasus shortand stout, tufted with lo,~g dark setm; palpi dark brown.
Ante~mm with the basal segment ochreous ; second segment
brown ; flagellum with the basal segme,~t pale brown, theterminal segments darker brown ; flagellum short. Vertical
tubercle entire, large and conspicuous, bright orang% theposterior part of vertex and the genre slightly more
infuscated.
Pronotum obscure yellowmedially, slightly darker laterally.
Mesonotal prmscutum obscure yellow with three conspicuous
dark brown stril)es , the broad median stripe faintly divided
by a capillary pale line ; humeral region dark brown along
the margins; scutum yellowish brown, each lobe with two
darker brown areas; scutellum and postnotum obscurebrownish yellow, the posterior margin of the latter darkbrown. Pleura testaceous yellow, the dorsal pier, rites alittle darker. Halteres dark brown, the base of the stem
obscure yellow. Legs with the coxze obscure yellow, thetrochauters brighter yellow ; femora testaceous yellow, thetips rather narrowly but conspicuously blackened; tibiae
light brown, passing into dark brown towards the tips; tarsi
brownish black. Wings strongly tinged with brown ; wingbase strongly flavous; cell Sc and stigma darker brow~ ;base of costal cell slightly infuseated ; yellowish obliterative
areas before and beyond the stigma and across the base ofcell 1st M~, the latter including portions of cells 31, 1st M~,
2rid ~[2, and M~ ; veins dark brown. Vex~atloil : R s about
three-fourths R2+~ ; r more than its own length beyond theb~se of l t 2 ; petiole of cell M~ shorter than m ; m - c u(~bliterated by fusion of adjoining veins ; cell 2nd _/1 relatively
short and narrow.
Abdominal tergites obscure brownish fulvous, each with aconspicuous black triangle, the broad base occupying tl~ecaudal margin, tim narrow apex extending to the anterior
margin of the segment ; sides of segments 1 and 2 broadly
pale ; tergites 7 and 8 L~rgely pale ; sternites yellow withmedian infuscations. Ovipositor with fleshy valves, thester~ml valves with conspicuous setm.
The smaller paratype differs ia some regards but is almost
certainly conspecific; flagellar segments dark brown ; sides
of vertex adjoining the posterior margins of eyes strongly
infuscated. The thorax has been hollowed out, rendering
the pr~eseutal stripes little evident and the surface strongly
shiny where it is dull in the type. The abdominal bands aretransverse, giving the abdomen a dimidiate appearance.

192

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ~, Megan, Eastern Dorrigo, January 30, 1923
(E. W. 1~rguson).
Paral!/pe, ? , Glenreagh, Dorrigo, February 2, 1923
(E. ~g. Ferguson).
Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.

Macromastix aurantioceps subnilida, subsp, n.
Female.--Length about 10-11 ram. ; wing 15-16 ram.
Generally similar to typical aurantioceps, from which it
differs as follm~s : Size larger. Frontal prolongation of head brightercoloured. Basal segments of the autennal flagellum yellowish. Mesonotal pr~escutum with the surface sub~-hiny, reddish yellow, with three darker stripes indicated posteriorly.
Wings with the prearcular cells darker ; costal cell dark, atthe base as dark as the subcostal cell, becoming a little paler
toward the stigma; stigma including all of cell 2nd 1@
Venation : Rs straighter, subequal to or longer than 1~2+3.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ~, Blue Mountains, January 22, 1922 (E. IV.

F, rguson).
Paralopotypes~ 12 ? ? , February 24-March 4, 1922 (E. HI.
Ferquson).
Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.

Macromastixfergusoni, sp. n.
General coloration light grey ; mesonotal prmseutum withthree dark brown stripes; halteres elongate; leg-s black,the femoral bases narrowly fulvous ; wings subhyaline, cells
C and Sc brown, the base light yellow; tip of vein Re
atrophied.
Male.--Length about 9 mm. ; wing 13 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the tread dark brown above,slightly pater laterally; palpi black; nasus indistinct.
Antennm short, black throughout; basal flagellar segment
about one-half longer than the second. Head dark brown,
the vertex surrounding the antennal bases and the orbits
paler.
Mesonota| pr~escutum brownish grey, clearer grey near
the suture, with three dark brown stripes~ the median stlipe
feebly bifid on posterior half; scutum light grey with two
confluent rather ill-deftncd brown spots on each lobe;
seutellum and postnotum light grey. Pleura light grey, thedorso-pleural membrane infuscated. Halteres elongate, dark

~ew or little-known Tipulid~e.

193

brown. Legs with the eox~e light grey ; troehanters brown ;remainder of legs brownish black, the femoral bases narrowly
and obscurely fulvous. Wings subhyaline ; cells G and Sc
dark brown ; stigma pale ; prearcular region conspicuously
light yellow; longitudinal veins indistinctly clouded withdarker to give the wing a faintly streaked appearance ; veinsdark brown. Venation: tip of R., atrophied; m variable,from longer than to a little shorter than the petiole of cell
M~ ; m-cu punctiform or barely obliterated, near mid-lengthof cell 1st M~.
Abdomen dark brown or brownish black, the posterior
margins of the segments in some cases paler ; hypopygium
obscure fnlvous.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, ~ , Blue Mountains, April 17, 1922 (E. W'.
Ferguson ).
Paratopotypes, 5 3' c~, with the type.
Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.
This interesting crane-fly is dedicated to the collector,
Dr. Eustace W. Ferguson, to whom I am greatly indebted
for many favours.

Macromastix luteicosta, sp. n.
Male.--Length 10--11 ram. ; wing 13"5-14"5 ram.
Generally similar to M. fergusoni, from which it differs
as follows : size somewhat larger. Head brighter-coloured,
especially on or near the vertical tubercle, which is feebly
bifid. Wings greyish subhyaline with cells G and Sc yellow,
a little duller than the bright base; stigma pale brown.
Distal section of v e i n / ~ entirely atrophied.
Hab. New South Wales.
Holotype, c~, Blue ~Iountains, April 17, 1922 (E. /4/-.
Ferguson).
l'aratopotypes, 3 ~' c~ ~April 13-15, 1922.
Type returned to Dr. E. W. Ferguson.
Dr. Ferguson supplies the following notes : - " Tllese two species (M. fer#usoni and M. luteicosta) madetheir appearance at Blackheath about the beginning o~April and became very numerous. The two species were
found in different situations, M. luteicosta on the higher
parts and M. fergusoni on the slopes. I walked down toGovett's Leap one afternoon (about two miles from thehouse I was staying in); it had been raining hard and wasstill misty, and the path which ran alongside tile main roadAnn. & May. N. llist. Ser. 9. Vol. xiii.
13

191

Dr. H. h . Baylis and Mr. It. G r a h a m Cannon on

but through the bush was still a running stream. M. fergusoni was present in thousands all along this path, allmales, and in tim trickle on the path I came across fivespecimens of a wingless Tipulid, which at first I thought
might be the female of this species." The last statement
will very probably be found to be correct, but it is better tofind the flies iu copula before describing the female as thissex of M. fergusoni. The occurrence of subapterous femalesof winter species of Macromastix in New Zealand is now
well known.

X X I I I . - - A new Trematode ffom the Grass-snake. By H. A.
BAYLIS, M.A., D.Sc., and H. GI~AnAM CANNON, M.A.
(Published by permission of the Trustees of the Bgtish Museum.)[Plate ¥I.J
TuE Trematode described in the following account was foundill considerable numbers in two specimens of" the grass-snake(Tropidonolus natrix) dissected in the Zoological Department,
Imperial College of Science, in June 19.23. Upon inquiry
it was found that the snakes had been collected in Tuscany.
The wocms occurred mainly in the (esophagus, but a few
were found in the stomach.
The species may be referred to the family Lepodermatidw.,
Odhner, 1911, and appears to be very closely related to thetype-genus, Lepoderma, Loess, 1899 (=Plagiorchis, Liihc,
1899), from which it differs chiefly in the disposition of theascending and descending limbs of the uterus. In Lepoderma
these both pass between the testes, ~dmreas in the form here
described they pass laterally to the testes. In this respect
our form differs from the majority of the genera included in
the family, but it would seem more reasonable to emend thefamily diagnosis, provisionally at least, to include it, than
to exclude it rigidly on this ground. The difference in thearrangement of the uterus (which is seen in an incipientcondition in Opisthio#lyphe) is correlated with, amt probably
a consequence of, the median position of both testes. Afterconsiderable hesitation we have thought it advisable to makethe species, of which a description follows, the type of a new
genus.

Encyclometra natricis~ gen. et sp. n.
Body flattened, oval, measuring 3"17-4"5 ram. in length