On new or little-known Tipulida.

313

The carapace is much deeper and broader, has more
prominent ridges and stronger tubercles than in S.
inermis, and the sculpt,uring of the shields is coarser.
Comparison of specimens of the same size shows the headt o be smaller and the interorbital width to be greater in
S. robustus than in S. inermis. I n S . inermis the profileof the snout is convex ; in S. robustus it is concave.

XXIX.-iVew or little-known Tipulida (Diptera).-LXI.
Neotropical Species. By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER,
Ph.D., F.R.E.S., Massachusetts State College, Amherst,
Massachusetts, U. S .A.
THE species described at this time are virtually all from
Peru, having been taken in Junin and Huanuco by
Messrs. Paprzycki and Woytkowski, very efficient collectors of these fragile and neglected flies. One single
specimen from Abitagua, Ecuador, collected by MacIntyre,has been added as a paratype of this species. I am greatly
indebted t o the various collectors for this collaboration in
making known the rich fauna of Tropical America. The
types of the novelties are preserved in my collection ofthese flies.
Limonia (Limonia) dicax, sp. n.
Allied to lawlori ; general coloration dark liver-brown ;rostrum and antennae black ; halteres with knobs black ;femora brown, more yellowish basally, blackened at tips ;tibia and tarsi black ; wings with ground-colour strongly
infuscated, especially the radial field ; costal portion ofwing variegated by four whitish areas before and beyond
origin of Rs and the stigma ; darker seams along cordand outer end of cell 1st M , ; stigma1 trichia present ;Sc long ; abdomen brownish black, the proximal sternites
more or less brightened on basal portions.
PemaZe.-Length about 8.5-9 mm. ; wing 10-11 mm.
Rostrum polished black ; palpi dull black. Antennae
black throughout ; flagellar segments oval, with shortdark apical pedicels ; longest verticils unilaterally
arranged, nearly twice the length of the segments;
terminal segment very long, twice the penultimate,

314

Dr. C. P. Alexander onstrongly constricted at mid-length t o simulate two distinct segments. Head brownish black ; anterior vertex
reduced to a linear strip or actually interrupted by thetangential contact of the eyes.
Pronotum and mesonotum deep liver-brown, polished,
the median area of scutum and the scutellum morepruinose. Pleura dark liver-brown. Halteres with stem
obscure yellow, knob black. Legs with the coxae liverbrown ; trochanters obscure yellow ; femora brown, moreyellow basally, the tips black; tibis and tarsi black.
Wings with the ground-colour strongly infuscated,
especially the radial field, the more posterior cells paler
brown ; conspicuous dark clouds at origin of Rs,fork ofSc, stigma, and as seams along cord and outer end of cell
1st M , ; marginal dark clouds a t ends of longitudinalveins, more distinct in median field ; cells G and Sc moreyellow ; conspicuous whitened areas before and beyond
the dark mark at origin of Rs and again before and beyond
the stigma, in cases with one or more of these areas
reduced in size ; veins brown, Sc more yellow. Stigma1
area with trichia. Venation : Sc long, Sc, ending shortly
before level of fork of Rs, Sc, near its tip ; Rs long,angulated t o weak-spurred a t origin ; cell 1st M , long,its inner end arcuated, subequal to or longer than veinM,+, beyond it ; ?n-cu subequal to or longer than the
distal section of Cu,, at or shortly before fork of M .
Abdomen brownish black, the more proximal sternites
somewhat brightened on basal ring ; genital shield andvalves of ovipositor black, the cerci gently upcurved.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 9, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 feet, February 25, 1940 ( Woytkowski). Pamtopotypes, 2 99,March 3-9, 1940.
Limonia (Limonia)dicax is readily told from all othermembers of the lawlmi group by the unusual pattern of
the wings. Members of the group have veins S c and Rs
very long, stigma1 trichia usually present, and the terminal
segment of antenna very long and strongly constricted atnear mid-length.

Limonia (Limonia)huacapistanz, sp. n.
Allied to luwlori ; general coloration yellow, thepronotum and praescutum with a very conspicuous median

new or little-known Tipulidae.

315

black stripe, on the posterior sclerites of mesonotum evenmore extensive but paling to dark brown; antennae
black, flagellar segments oval with short glabrous apical
pedicels ; pleura and pleurotergite uniformly yellow ;legs black, the femora with a narrow obscure yellow ring ;wings pale yellow, restrictedly patterned with darkbrown; stigma pale brown, hairy; Sc, ending about
opposite two-thirds the length of Rs ; basal section of
R, +5. arcuated ; abdominal tergites broadly darkened
medially just before the pale posterior borders.
Female.-Length about 11 mm. ; wing 10.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black throughout ;flagellar segments oval, with short glabrous apical pedicels.
Head black, the front and anterior vertex grey pruinose ;anterior vertex reduced to a linear strip that is only about
one-fourth as wide as the diameter of scape.
Pronotum and pramutum yellow, with a continuous,very conspicuous, black median stripe, behind the suture
more brownish but covering almost all the area, only theouter portions of the scutal lobes, the parascutella, andthe pleurotergite brightening t o yellow ; surface ofscutellum and mediotergite insensibly pruinose. Pleuraand pleurotergite, with the dorsopIeura1 membrane,
uniformly yellow. Halteres obscure yellow. Legs withthe cox* and trochanters yellow ; femora black, with anarrow, obscure yellow subterminal ring, this shorter thanthe blackened apex ; tibiae black, tarsi brownish black ;claws with conspicuous teeth. Wings pale yellow, thecostal and outer radial fields more brownish yellow ; arestricted dark brown pattern, as follows :-Origin
ofRs ; fork of Sc ; free tip of Sc, ; cord and outer end ofcell 1st M , ; small marginal spots a t ends of all longitudinal veins ; stigma pale brown, with several macrotrichia ; veins yellow, darker in the infuscated portions.
Venation : Sc long, Sc, ending about opposite two-thirds
Rs, Sc, at its tip ; Rs angulated at origin ; R,.lying
shortly beyond level of free tip of Sc, ; basal section of
R4+5
strongly arcuated ; m-cu at or before fork of M .
Abdomen obscure brownish yellow, the tergites broadly
darkened medially just before the pale posterior borders ;genital segment obscure yellow. Ovipositor with thecerci very small and slender, upcurved.
Hub. Peru (Junin).

316

Holotype,

Dr. C . P. Alexander on

9, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 3600-

5400 feet, February 25, 1940 (Woytkowski).

Limonia (Limonia) huacapistana is closest to L. (L.)
immodica Alexander (south-eastern Brazil), L. ( L. )lawlori
Alexander (Panama to Ecuador), L. (L.) lustralis Alexander (Ecuador), L. (L.)roraima Alexander (Venezuela)
and L. (L.)sancta-mark Alexander (Colombia), differingfrom all in the pattern of the body, legs and wings. Allof the above, with the exception of roraima, have several
stigma1 trichia lying proximad of vein R,.
Limonia (Neolimnobia)papizyckii, sp. n. (Pigs. 1 & 2.)
General coloration yellow, the mesonotum narrowly
but conspicuously patterned with black ; legs black, thefemora with a very narrow yellow ring a t about four-fifths
the length ; wings pale yellow, restrictedly patterned withdark brown ; Sc short ; Rs in longitudinal alignment with
R,,, ; supernumerary cross-vein lying far distad ; m-cu
before fork of M ; abdomen yellow, the tergites withposterior borders narrowly darkened ; rostra1 spines ofmale hypopygium very short and acute.
Male.-Length about 4 mm. ; wing 4.5 mm.
Female.-Length about 5 mm. ; wing 5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennz with scape black,pedicel obscure yellow, flagellum black ; basal flagellar
segments oval, the outer ones broken. Head buffy yellow,
the central portion of anterior vertex darkened.
Pronotum darkened medially and on anterior portion,
the remainder yellow. Mesonotum pale yellow, conspicuously patterned with black, including a narrow
median vitta on przescutum that is still narrower onposterior half, a t the suture forking, with a branchoccupying the mesa1 edge of each scutal lobe ; posteriorborder of scutellum darkened ; mediotergite with anarrow but conspicuous central blackening. Pleura
yellow. Halteres pale yellow, the apex of knob infuscated. Legs with coxz and trochanters pale yellow;
remainder of legs black, the femora with a ver ynarrow
to scarcely evident yellow ring at near four-fifths thelength ; extreme femoral bases brightened. Wings (fig. 1)
pale yellow, restrictedly but conspicuously patterned withdark brown, the areas arranged as follows :-Arculus;
fork of S c and origin of Rs ; free tip of Sc, and R, ; cordnew or little-known Tipulidz.

317

and outer end of cell 1st M, ; supernumerary cross-veinin cell R3and tip of vein R, beyond it ; smaller marginalareas at ends of all longitudinal veins ; a larger area incell 1st A near outer end of vein 2nd A ; veins yellow,
conspicuouslydarkened in the patterned areas. Venation:
S c short,- #el ending just beyond the rectangular originof Rs, Sc, close to its tip ; Rs in direct longitudinalalignment with R,,, ; a supernumerary cross-vein in cellR, about its own length before the upturned tip of thelatter vein ; in the right wing of the holotype, a further

Fig. l.-Limonia
Fig. 2.--limonia
Fig. 3.-Limonia
Fig. 4.--Limonia
Fig. B.-Limonia(Neolimnobia)papzyckii, sp. n. ; venation.
(Neolimnobia)paprzyckii, sp. n. ; male hypopygiwn.
(fferanomyia)conturta, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(fferanomyia)diurgyria, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Qeranomyia) stoica, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.

Symbols : a, iedeagus ; b, basistyle ; g , gonapophysis ; t , 9th tergite ;wd, ventral dististyle.

adventitious cross-vein in cell R4 beneath the supernumerary vein in cell R, ; m-cu some distance before thefork of M .
Abdomen yellow, the tergites with their posteriorborders narrowly darkened, on the basal segments paler
and restricted t o the central portion of the segment, on

318

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

the outer segments darker and more extensive; subterminal segment and genital shield light yellow ; sternites
yellow. Ovipositor with cerci slender, upcurved. Male
hypopygium (fig. 2 ) with the tergite, 9t, narrowed outwardly, the caudal margin truncate or virtually so.
Basistyle, b, with the ventromesal lobe short and stout ;mesa1 face of style cephalad of lobe with several strong
black set=. Dorsal dististyle a nearly straight rod that isabout equal in length t o the ventral dististyle, its tip
decurved, acute and blackened. Ventral dististyle, vd,
relatively small, ovaI, the rostra1 prolongation long, bent
or arcuated at near mid-length and here on outer margin
with two very short acute spines ; apex of prolongation
obtuse. Gonapophyses, g , with mesal-apical lobe pale,
erect, gradually narrowed to the acute tip.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 9, Satipo, Jauja, altitude 800-900 metres,
May 31, 1940 (Paprzycki). Allotopotype, $, January 20,
1940.

I take great pleasure in naming this very distinct fly
in honour of the collector, Mr. Pedro Paprzycki, who hascollected numerous crane-flies in the vicinity of Xatipo.
I n its general appearance it is most like species of thesubgenus Limonia belonging to the repanda group,
especially Limonia (Limonia) contradistincta Alexander(south-eastern Brazil). The details of pattern of the wings
and legs, as well as the venation, are quite different fromthose of contradistincta. Because of the supernumerarycross-vein in cell R,,the species must be referred to thesubgenus Neolimnobia, where it is most similar to L. ( N . )ran slucida Alexander (Panama).
Limonia (Geranomyia) calliinota, sp. n.
General coloration of body yellow, the mesonotum
handsomely patterned with dark brown, including asingle broad median stripe on praescutum and mediotergite ; rostrum relatively short ; femora brown, thetips narrowly obscure yellow ; wings pale greyish yellow,
restrictedly patterned with brown, the markings chiefly
marginal ; cord and outer end of cell 1st M , only slightly
seamed with darker ; Sc short, Sc, ending about opposite

new or little-known Tipulidz.

319

one-fourth the length of Rs ; abdominal tergites uniformly
dark brown, unpatterned.
Female.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 6-5 mm.;iwing 7.5 mm. ; rostrum about 2.6 mm.
Rostrum and maxillary palpi black, the short tips ofthe labial palpi paler. Antennae black throughout ;flagellar segments oval ; terminal segment very long,
approximately twice the penultimate, narrowed outwardly. Head light grey, the sides of the posteriorvertex darker ; eyes large ; anterior vertex (female)
reduced to a narrow strip that is slightly more than
one-third the diameter of scape.
Pronoturn very small, dark brown above, paler onsides. Mesonotum bright yellow, handsomely and conspicuously patterned with dark brown, including a single
broad median stripe on prsscutum that contrasts abruptly
with the broad lateral ground borders ; median regionof scutum testaceous yellow, the lobes dark brown;
scutellum and parascutella testaceous yellow ; mediotergite broadly dark brown on central portion, the narrow
lateral borders and all of pleurotergite pale yellow.
Pleura uniformly yellow. Ha,lteres with stem brownish
yellow, the base clearer yellow, knob brown. Legs with
cox= and trochanters pale yellow ; femora brown, thetips narrowly obscure yellow, with a vaguely darker
subterminal ring ; tibiz and tarsi light brown, the terminal
tarsal segments black. Wings pale greyish yellow, rather
restrictedly patterned with brown, the markings chiefly
marginal ; larger brown areas a t supernumerary crossvein in cell Sc ; a common mark a t fork of Sc and originof Rs ; stigma ; smaller brown marginal clouds a t ends
of veins R,, Gul, 1st A and 2nd A , the last two larger ;cord and outer end of cell 1st M , very slightly seamedwith darker ; veins yellow, darker in the patterned areas.
Venation : Sc relatively short, Sc, ending about opposite
one-fourth the length of Rs, Sc, at its t i p ; a supernumerary cross-vein in cell Xc ; m-cu close to fork of M .
Abdominal tergites dark brown, unpatterned ; sternites
more yellowish brown ; genital segment obscure yellow.
Ovipositor with cerci slender, only gently curved.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 9,Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 2600 metres,
May 15, 1940 (Woytkowski).

320

Dr. C . P. Alexander on

Limonia (Geranomyia) callinota is entirely different
from the now very numerous species of the subgenus in
Tropical America. I n its wing-pattern it much resembles
the otherwise very different L. (G.) martha Alexander, ofColombia and Venezuela.
Limonia (Qeranomyia) contorta, sp. n. (Fig. 3.)
Belongs to lachrymalis group, close to lachrymalis ;male hypopygium with two rostral spines, one arisingfrom a long basal tubercle.
Male.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 6-7 mm. ;wing 7-8.5 mm. ; rostrum about 3-3.3 mm.
Female.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 6.5-7 mm. ;wing 7-8 mm. ; rostrum about 3-3-5 mm.
Rostrum black. Antennze black ; flagellar segments
oval to long-oval. Head black.
Thorax uniformly blackened. Halteres black, the baseof stem restrictedly yellow. Legs black, the posterior
cox= a trifle paler. Wings with a strong blackish tinge,
the oval stigma a little darker ; veins brown. Venation :S c short, Sc, ending opposite or just beyond origin of Rs ;cell 1st M , considerably longer than vein M,,, beyond it.
Abdomen black, more or less pruinose, the basal sternites
a little brightened, especially in female. Male hypopygium (fig. 3) with the tergite, 9t, deeply notched
medially. Remainder of hypopygium much as in lachyymalis, but with two rostral spines, one straight, the othercrossing it at a right-angle, arising from a long basal
tubercle.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 8, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 feet, February 14, 1940 ( Woytkowski). Allototype, $2,
Carpapata, altitude 2600 metres, May 6, 1940
(Woytkowski). Paratopotypes, 2 99,February 5-14, 1940 ;paratypes, 2 dd, 1 9, with the allotype, May 1-10,
1940.

Limonia (Gerunomyia) contorta is allied to L. (G.)
Eachrymalis Alexander (Mexico-Peru), Wering especiallyin the details of structure of the male hypopygium,
notably the two rostral spines. I n lachrymalis there is asingle rostral spine, arising from a relatively shorttubercle.

new or Eittle-known Tipulids.

321

Limonia (Geranomyia)diargyria, sp. n. (Fig. 4.)
Belongs to the biargentah group ; mesonotal prsscutumwith disk light orange-yellow, bordered laterally by anarrow silvery line ; median area of scutum and scutellum
with a common central silver vitta; pleura obscureyellow ; femora yellow, with a narrow black subterminal
ring ; wings brownish yellow, sparsely patterned withbrown; male hypopygium with the ninth tergite only
gently emarginate ; ventral dististyle very large andfleshy, its area about equal to twice the total area ofbasistyle ; gonapophyses with mesa1 apical blade broad,extending caudad of the lateral lobe of the apophysis.
Male.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 5.5 mm. ;wing 7 mm. ; rostrum about 4 mm.
Rostrum brownish black throughout, relatively long ;maxillary palpi black. Antenns with scape and pedicel
dark brown, flagellum more brownish yellow ; flagellar
segments cylindrical, the longest verticils unilaterally
arranged, more than one-half longer than the segment.
Head with anterior vertex silvery ; posterior vertex dull
black, with a narrow median silvery line.
Mesonotal prsscutum light orange-yellow, the sublateral portions on either side with a narrow silvery line,
bordered internally by a faintly darkened line ; lateralprsscutal border narrowly darkened ; scutal lobes obscureorange, the median area and scutellum pale brown with anarrow median silvery line running the length of both ;mediotergite obscure brownish yellow. Pleura obscureyellow. Halteres with stem yellow, knob dark brown.
Legs with the coxs and trochanters pale yellow ; femora
yellow with a narrow but very conspicuous black subterminal ring, removed from the tip a distance about
equal to three times its own width ; tibia and tarsi
brownish yellow to pale brown. Wings brownish yellow,
the prearcular and costal fields clearer yellow ; a very
restricted brown pattern, including the stigma ; threecostal spots at the supernumerary cross-vein in cell Sc,
origin of Rs and fork of Sc, respectively ; cord and outerend of cell 1st M , very narrowly and insensibly seamedwith brown; veins beyond cord pale brown, darker inAnn. & Mag. N . Hist. Ser. 11. VoZ. viii.

22

322

Dr. C. P. Alexander onclouded portions; veins in basal parts of wing moreyellow. Venation : Sc, ending just before mid-length ofRs, !Sc2 at its tip ; m-cu before the fork of M .
Abdomen brownish yellow to obscure yellow, thencisures weakly darkened ; hypopygium obscure yellow.
Male hypopygium (fig. 4) with the tergite, 9t, transverse’
the caudal margin very gently emarginate. Basistyle, b,with the ventromesal lobe relatively long but simple.
Dorsal dististyle a gently curved rod, the decurved tip
acute. Ventral dististyle, vd, unusually large for amember of the biargentata group, in area about twice thetotal extent of the basistyle ; rostra1 prolongation slender,
the spines slightly exceeding the prolongation in length,
arising from short equal tubercles that are close together
at their bases. Gonapophyses, g, with mesa1 apical lobe
broad, extending much farther caudad than the laterallobe of the apophysis, ending in an acute black spine.
Hab. Peru (Huanuco).
Holotype, 3, Pumahuasi, altitude 980 metres, July 25,
1939 ( Woytkowski).
Limonia (Geranomyia) diargyria is closest to L. ( G . )lemniscata Alexander (Paraguay), which it resembles ingeneral size and colour. It differs especially in the
structure of the male hypopygium, notably the tergite,
ventral dististyle and gonapophysis.

Limonia (Geranomyia) transitoria, sp. n.
Size large (wing, female, over 9 mm.) ; general coloration of praescutum light grey, with five dark stripes, thediscal three black and very clearly defined, wider than theinterspaces ; rostrum long, exceeding one-half the lengthof wing; posterior sclerites of notum and the pleura
dark brown; femora brown with a darker brown subterminal ring that is preceded and followed by clear
yellow annuli; tibiae brown; tarsi obscure yellow;
wings with a weak brown tinge, very restrictedly patternedwith darker; SG and Rs long; abdominal tergites
uniformly black.
Fem1e.-Length,
excluding rostrum, about 8 mm. ;wing 9.5 mm. ; rostrum about 5-5 mm.

new or little-known Tipulida?.

323

Rostrum elongate, exceeding one-half the wing, black,the tips of the labial palpi slightly paler. Antenna?black ;flagellar segments cylindrical, the verticils a little shorter
than the segments. Head black, the sublateral andmedian areas. of vertex light grey ; anterior vertex
reduced t o a linear strip.
Pronotum broadly black medially and on sides, the darkareas divided by narrow yellowish grey lines. Mesonotal
praescutum grey, with three very distinct black lines thatare a little wider than the ground interspaces ; lateralpraescutal borders somewhat more broadly brownish
black ; scutum and scutellum brown, with a continuous
narrow pale median vitta extending the length of both,narrowed to a point behind ; inediotergite dark brown.
Pleura almost uniformly dark brown, including the dorsopleural membrane. Halteres with stem obscure yellow,
knob brownish black. Legs with the coxae brown, the fore
pair somewhat darker ; trochanters brownish yellow ;femora brown, with a darker brown subterminal ring thatis preceded and followed by clear yellow rings, the apical
one narrower than the subterminal ; tibiae brown ; tarsi
paling to yellow. Wings with a weak brownish tinge,
very restrictedly patterned with darker, including small
areas at origin of Rs, stigma, cord aiid outer end of cell
1st M , ; supernumerary cross-vein in cell Sc and tip ofvein Sc scarcely darkened ; veins brown. Venation : Sc
long, Sc, ending shortly before fork of the long Rs,Sc, alittle removed from its tip ; a supernumerary cross-veinin cell Xc ; Rs about four times the length of the basal
section of R,,, ; cell 1st M , long, subequal to vein M I + ,beyond it ; m-cu close to fork of M .
Abdominal tergites uniformly black, sternites darkbrown ; subterminal segments paler ; cerci long andstraight.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 9, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 feet, March 1, 1940 (Woytkowski).
Superficially the present fly resembles dark-coloured
species of the subgenus such as Limoniu (Geranomyiu)
cerberzm (Alexander) and L. (G.) lachryrnalis (Alexander),but the praescutal pattern, elongate rostrum, very. long
22*

324

Dr. C. P. Alexander onvein Sc, and other characters indicate that it is very
distinct.
Limonia (Geranomyia) subgaudens, sp. n.
Size large (wing, female, 10 mm. or more) ; rostrum
elongate, approximately one-half the length of body ;general coloration grey, the przescutum with three narrow
black stripes ; scutellum broad, pale brown ; haltereswith stem yellow, knob brownish black ; femora brown,
the tips broadly yellow, enclosing a broad, dark brown,
subterminal ring ; wings whitened, conspicuously patterned with brown; stigma buffy brown with both its
inner and outer ends darkened ; Sc long, the dark area at
its tip disconnected from the area at origin of Rs ; cell
1st M , a little longer than vein M I + , beyond it.
Female.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 8.5-10 mm.;wing 10-11.5 mm. ; rostrum about 6 5 mm.
Rostrum black throughout, relatively long, as shown by
the measurements, being approximately one-half thelength of the body. Antennz black; basal flagellar
segments short-oval to subcylindrical, the outer segments
more elongate. Head with the anterior, vertex silvery,
the colour produced backward over the posterior vertex
to the occiput, the remainder of vertex black.
Pronoturn grey. Mesonotal praescutum grey, with three
narrow but conspicuous black stripes, the median one
narrowed posteriorly but reaching the suture ; sublateral
stripes approximately equal in width for their entire
extent, crossing the suture on to the mesa1 portion ofeach scutal lobe ; extreme lateral borders of przscutum
not or scarcely darkened ; median area of scutum andthe broad scutellum pale brown, the latter with vague
indications of two darker submedian stripes ; postnotum
black, sparsely pruinose. Pleura grey, sparsely variegatedwith slightly more darkened areas. Halteres with stem
yellow, knob brownish black. Legs with coxz more orless infuscated, paler apically ; trochanters obscureyellow ; femora brown, their bases restrictedly yellow,
the tips broadly yellow, enclosing a broad, dark brown,
subterminal ring ; tibiz and tarsi brownish yellow, theterminal tarsal segments blackened. Wings with thenew or little-known Tipulidae.

325

ground-colour whitened, the costal region a little moreyellowish ; a rather restricted but conspicuous dark brownpattern, arranged as follows :-Seams at arculus, supernumerary cross-vein in cell Sc, origin of Rs,fork of Sc,
cord, outer end of cell 1st M , and as conspicuous clouds
before mid-length of cell R,,near outer end of cell R, andon distal fourth of vein M and along M3+4; conspicuous
seams on distal third of vein 1st A and outer half ofvein 2nd A , the latter especially conspicuous ; more orless distinct seams at tip of vein R, and along distal
section of vein iW3;a small rounded dark cloud ataxillary border of cell 2nd A ; stigma with centre palebuEy brown, each end bordered by darker brown ; veins
yellow, darker in the patterned areas. Venation: Sc
long, ending near two-thirds the length of Rs,Sc, near its
tip ; a supernumerary cross-vein in cell Sc ; cell 1st M ,a little longer than vein M I + , beyond it ; m-cu at orjust before the fork of M .
Abdomen dark brown to brownish black, sparsely grey
pruinose, the posterior borders of the sternites in certain
cases restrictedly pale ; genital segment (female) reddish
brown.
Hab. Peru (Junk).
Holotype, 9,Huasahuasi,. Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 24, 1940 ( Woytkowski). Paratopotype, 1 0, April 23,
1940.

Limonia (Geranomyia) subgaudens is closest to L. (G.)
gaudens Alexander and L. (G.) laudanda Alexander. It
differs from the latter especially in the long Sc, with thedarkened areas at fork of Sc and at origin of Rs disconnected. From gaudens it differs conspicuously in thevenation and in all details of wing-pattern.
Limonia (Geranomyia) stoicu, sp. n. (Fig.5.)
Size large (wing 9 mm. or more) ; general coloration
grey, the przscutum with three narrow blackish stripes ;halteres pale yellow; femora brown, the tips darker;
tibiae and tarsi brownish black to black ; wings brownish
yellow, with a restricted dark pattern; Sc long, Sc,
ending opposite or just beyond mid-length of Rs; cell

326

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

1st M , longer than the veins beyond it ; male hypopygiumwith the tergite deeply notched medially ; ventral
dististyle large and fleshy, its rostral prolongation small ;rostral spines two, straight, arising from a common
sclerotized low flange or tubercle ; gonapophyses withmesal apical lobe short and curved, blackened.
Male.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 7.5-8 mm. ;wing 9-10-5 mm. ; rostrum about 2.7-3 mm.
Female.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 8-8.5 mm. ;wing 10-10.5 mm. ; rostrum 3-3.3 mm.
Rostrum black throughout, relatively short, being only
a little more than one-third the length of body. Antennae
black throughout ; flagellar segments cylindrical, theterminal segment subequal in length to the penultimate ;verticils short. Head in both sexes with the anteriorvertex narrower than the diameter of scape, silvery,
this colour continued back across the posterior vertex tothe occiput, bordered on either side by blackish, theremainder of head grey.
Pronotum dark grey. Mesonotal praescutum grey, withthree narrow blackish stripes. the median one more
intense, narrowed behind and not reaching the suture,
the laterals narrowed in front ; lateral praescutal borders
not blackened ; posterior sclerites of notum grey, thescutellum a little more brownish, sparsely pruinose ;scutal lobes slightly darkened on cephalic and mesal
borders. Pleura brownish grey, the ventral sternopleurite and ventral pleurotergite narrowly blackened ;a black line across ventral anepisternum ; dorsopleural
membrane obscure yellow. Halteres pale yellow. Legs
with coxae reddish brown, the surface sparsely pruinose,
the tips paler ; trochanters obscure yellow ; femora
brown, the tips darker, the bases vaguely brightened;
tibiae and tarsi passing through brownish black to black.
Wings with the ground-colour brownish yellow, sparsely
patterned with darker, including small areas a t the supernumerary cross-vein in cell Sc, origin of Rs, fork of Sc,
cord and outer end of cell 1st M, ; stigma oval, relatively
small, brown. Venation : SG long, Sc, ending opposite
one-half t o three-fifths the length of Rs,Sc, near its tip ;cell 1st M , longer than the veins beyond it.

new or little-known Tipulidze.

327

Abdominal tergites dark brown, sparsely pruinose, thelateral borders narrowly paler ; basal sternites obscureyellow, the outer segments black, sparsely pruinose, theposterior borders narrowly pale ; hypopygium dark.
Male hypopygium (fig. 5) with the tergite deeply notched
medially, the lateral lobes conspicuous, rounded.
Basistyle, b, relatively small, the ventro-mesa1 lobe ofmoderate size, with an accessory lobule or protuberance
on caudal margin near base. Dorsal dististyle relatively
small, the tip acute. Ventral dististyle, vd, large, its
total area exceeding twice that of basistyle ; rostralprolongation small, the two rostral spines from a common
basal tubercle or flange, the spines straight and relatively
short. Gonapophyses, g: with mesa1 apical lobe short andcurved, the blackened tips acute, the concave marginsmooth or more or less serrulate. Bdeagus narrowed to
apex.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 8,Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 2600 metres,
May 8, 1940 (Woytkowski). Allotopotype, Q, pinned with
type. Paratopotypes, 10 88, May 3-23, 1940 ; paratypes,
1 8, 1 9,Huacapistana, altitude 3600-5400 feet, February
11, 1940 (Woytkowski).
Limonia (Geranomyia) stoica differs from the otherregional species that have three narrow dark prEscuta1
stripes and long vein Sc in its large size, almost unvariegated legs, pale halteres, sparsely patterned wings,
and in the structure of the male hypopygium. In its
general appearance and structure of the hypopygium it
most resembles L. (G.) serotina Alexander and L. (G.)
subserotina Alexander, of Argentina, yet is quite distinct.

Limonia (Geranomyia)provocator, sp. n.

(Fig. 6.)

Mesonotal przescutum light grey, the disk with three
narrow black stripes that are subequal in extent to theinterspaces ; scutellum and broad median area of scutum
yellow ; posterior sclerites of notum and the pleura black ;legs black, the tips of femora very na.rrowly pale ; wings
broad, weakly tinged with brown, sparsely patterned withpale brown, including a common area at fork of Sc and328

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

origin of Rs; stigma darkened; Xc, ending opposite
origin of Rs ; abdominal tergites brownish black, sternites
a little paler ; male hypopygium with the caudal marginof tergite emarginate medially ; vent-ral dististyle large,
rostra1 spines two, separate, unequal, placed at base of
prolongation ; gonapophyses with mesa1 apical lobe
I

0

I

Fig. 6.--Limonia
Pig. 7.--Limonia
Fig. S.--LimOnia
Fig. 9.--limonia
Fig. 10.-Limonia
Fig. 11.-Limonia

/

8

9r

(Geranomyia)prowocator, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Geranomyia) conpuisita, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Rhipidia)inwaripennis, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Rhipidia)projana, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Rhipidia)succentiva, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.
(Rhipidia)wafra, sp. n. ; male hypopygium.

Symbols : a, sedeagus ; b, basistyle ; g, gonapophysis ; t , 9th tmgite ;vd, ventral dististyle.

slender, pale ; adeagus terminating in two pale triangularlobes.
Mule.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 6 mm. ; wing
8.8-9 mm. ; rostrum about 4 mm.

new or little-known Tipulids.

329

Rostrum a little less than one-half the length of wing,
black, the labial palpi paler at tips. AntennE black
throughout ; flagellar segments subcylindrical, crowded.
Head grey, the central area lighter ashy grey, on posteriorvertex with a blackened area on either side of this midline ; anterior vertex narrower than the diameter of scape.
Pronotum grey, narrowly blackened medially above.
Mesonotal praescutum light grey, the disk with three
narrow black stripes that are subequal in extent to theinterspaces ; lateral przscutal margins scarcely darkened,in cases paling to buffy ; humeral region restrictedly
pale ; the broad median area of scutum, with the scutellum
and parascutella, yellow, the centres of scutal lobes black ;mediotergite brownish black. Pleura dark, sparsely
pruinose, the dorsopleural region light yellow ; meral
region paler. Halteres with stem pale, knob darkened.
Legs with cox= yellow, the fore and middle pair darker
except at tlps ; trochanters testaceous yellow ; femora
black, the bases obscure yellow, the tips very narrowly
and insensibly paler, in cases more abruptly and conspicuously s o ; tibis and tarsi black. Wings broad;ground-colour weakly brown with a very restricted pale
brown pattern, including seams at the supernumerarycross-vein in cell S c ; fork of S c and origin of Rs ; stigma ;cord and outer end of cell 1st M , not darkened ; veins
pale brown. Venation : Sc very short, Sc, ending
opposite to just beyond origin of Rs, Sc, at its tip ; rn-cu
close to fork of M .
Abdominal tergites brownish black ; sternites brownish
yellow; hypopygium dark. Male hypopygium (fig. 6)
with the median region of tergite deeply emarginate.
Basistyle, b, with the ventromesal lobe rather large,
simple. Ventral dististyle, vd, large and fleshy, morethan twice as extensive as the basistyle; rostra1 prolongation with two unequal spines near base, these arisingfrom short individual tubercles ; spines placed close
together, the outermost one a little longer. Dorsal
dististyle strongly curved, the decurved tip acute.
Gonapophyses, g, with mesa1 apical lobes slender, pale.
Bdeagus, a, terminating in two lobes that are extended
caudad into pale triangular points.
Hub. Peru (Junin).

330

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Hobtype, $, Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 7, 1940 (Woytkowski). Paratopotype, $, April 19,
1940.

Limonia (Geranomyia) provocator is well distinguishedfrom other species having tristriate mesonotal prsscutaby the blackened femora with pale tips, the very restricteddark wing pattern, short Sc, and in the details of structureof the male hypopygium. It is most similar to L . ( G . )inzquispinosa Alexander (Ecuador), yet amply distinct.
Limonia (Geranomyia)conquisita, sp. n. (Fig. 7.)
Size small (wing, male, less than 4.5 mm.) ; generalcoloration buffy grey, the prsscutum with three conspicuous black stripes, additional to the darkened lateralborders ; legs brown t o brownish black, the femoral tips
narrowly and vaguely paler ; wings faintly tinged withbrown, the oval stigma darker brown ; no other distinct,
dark marks except a vague cloud at fork of Xc ; vein Sc
short ; male hypopygium with the rostra1 prolongationof the ventral dististyle small, bearing a long conspicuous
tubercle that is provided with two unequal spines, theterminal one longer, the smaller spine shortly removed
from the summit of tubercle.
Male.-Length, excluding rostrum, about 4 mm. ; wing
4.3 mm. ; rostrum about 2 mm.
Rostrum about one-half as long as the body, brownish
black. Antenns black throughout ; flagellar segments
oval. Head grey, with a narrow pale median line, thislatter on posterior vertex bordered by extensive blackened
areas.
Pronotum buffy grey, narrowly darkened medially.
Mesonotal praescutum buffy grey, with three conspicuous
black stripes in addition to the darkened lateral borders,
the stripes wider than the interspaces ; scutal lobes darkbrown, the median area paler; scutellum brown, theposterior portion paler ; mediotergite brown. Pleura
brownish testaceous, paler ventrally. Halteres pale, theknobs dark brown. Legs with the coxs and trochanterstestaceous yellow ; femora brown, the tips very narrowly
and vaguely paler ; tibie and tarsi brownish black.
Wings faintly tinged with brown, the oval stigma darker

new or little-known Tipulidz.

331

brown ; a scarcely indicated brown cloud at fork of S c
and origin of Rs ; veins pale brown. Venation : Sc short,Sc, ending just beyond origin of Rs, Sc2 at its t i p ; asupernumerary cross-vein at near mid-length of cell Sc ;R, shorter than the free tip of Scz ; basal section of R,,,
oblique, about one-half longer than r - m ; m-cu before
fork of M ; cell 2nd A relatively wide.
Abdomen, including hypopygium, dark brown ; basal
sternites yellow. Male hypopygium (fig. 7) with thecaudal border of tergite, 9t, conspicuously emarginate.
Ventral dististyle, vd, much larger than the basistyle, therostral prolongation short, with a conspicuous cylindricaltubercle near its base ; rostral spines very unequal insize, both arising at or near the.summit of the tubercle ;terminal spine longest, gently curved, about twice thelength of tubercle ; second spine slightly subterminal in
position, straight, a little shorter than the tubercle but
longer than the apical portion of the prolongation.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 feet, February 5 , 1940 (Woytkowski).
From the other regional members of the subgenus
having the disk of the przescuttum conspicuously trivittate
with dark brown or black, the present fly is welldistinguished by the small size, unpatterned legs, very
restricted wing-pattern, short Sc, and by the quitedistinct male hypopygium, notably the ventral dististyleand its rostral prolongation. Among other species thefly is most similar of Limonia (Geranomyia) $uza Alexander, yet differs in all details of structure of the malehypopygium .

Limonia (Geranomyia) squabilis deplexa, subsp. n.
Differs from the typical form, squabilis Alexander, ofnorthern Argentina, chiefly in the details of structureof the male hypopygium, notably the rostral prolongation of the ventral dististyle and its spines. These
spines are so closely approximated or fused as to appear
like a single long spine directed mesad or cephalad;the common basal tubercle, while very large and tumid,
is smaller than in the typical form and is apically produced

332

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

into a more slender neck-like portion that is well elevatedabove the body of the lobe. The typical form has thisbasal tubercle exceedingly large and tumid, with virtually
its whole length appressed to the prolongation, the neckportion short and only slightly elevated.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, $, Huacapistana, Tarma, altitude 36005400 feet, February 14, 1940 (Woytkowski). Allotype, $2,
pinned with type. Paratopotypes, 6 38, February 4March 1, 1940 ; paratype, 1 3, Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 2600 metres, May 4, 1940 (Foytkowski).
Limonia (Rhipidia) nobibissima, sp. n.
Size very large (wing, female, over 12 mm.) ; generalcoloration grey ; thoracic pleura with a broad, brownish
black, longitudinal stripe ; knobs of halteres infuscated ;femora brownish yellow, with a narrow, virtually terminal,
dark brown ring ; wings whitish subhyaline, spotted anddotted with brown; S c long, Sc, ending opposite or
beyond three-fourths the length of the long Rs; m-cu
before fork of M ; abdominal sternites brownish black,their central portion extensively obscure yellow.
Female.-Length about 10 mm. ; wing 12.5 mm.
Rostrum black, sparsely pruinose, about one-third theremainder of head ; palpi black. Antennae black throughout ; flagellar segments (female) moderately produced,
the abrupt apical pedicles yellow ; terminal segment
about one-third longer than the penultimate. Head light
grey, the anterior vertex more infuscated ; anteriorvertex about equal in width t o the diameter of scape.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotal praescutum withdisk reddish brown, patterned with darker brown, theusual stripes more or less confluent, the median one
ending as a still darker area some distance before suture ;lateral borders of praescutum more greyish ; posteriorsclerites of notum chiefly pale grey, the scutal lobes withdarkened centres ; mediotergite with a scarcely indicateddarkened median vitta. Pleura grey, with a broad andconspicuous longitudinal brownish-black stripe extending
from the pronotum across the dorsal pleurites and dorsopleural membrane to just before the root of the halteresnew or little-known Tipulids.

333

on the pleurotergite ; sternopleurite not darkened.
Halteres yellow, the knobs infuscated. Legs with thecox= greyish yellow pollinose ; trochanters osbcure
yellow ; femora brownish yellow with a narrow, virtuallyterminal, dark brown ring; tibis obscure yellow, thetips even more narrowly blackened ; tarsi obscure yellow,
the terminal two segments black. Wings whitish subhyaline, with an abundant spotted and dotted brownpattern ; the larger brown spots are distributed as follows :before mid-legnth of cell C ; origin and fork of R s ; Sc,
and Sc2; still smaller spots at R, and the free tip ofSc,, m-cu, and at ends of all longitudinal veins ; darkened
dots in virtually all cells, those of the cephalic third more
free ; stigma1 area scarcely evident, yellow, its outer end
delimited by the brown spots at R, and the free tip of Sc, ;veins yellow, darker in the clouded areas. Venation:
Sc long, Sc, ending about opposite three-fourths to fourfifths the length of the long R s , Sc, some distance from its
tip, at near mid-distance to the origin of R s ; m-cu
approximately one-half its length before the fork of M ;cell 1st M , about as long as vein M l + 2 beyond it.
Abdominal tergites brown, sparsely pruinose ; sternites
brownish black, the central portions extensively obscureyellow ; terminal segments, including genital shield,
obscure orange. Ovipositor with valves horn-colour ;cerci slender and slightly upcurved.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 9, Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 7, 1940 ( Woytkowski).
Limonia (Rhipidia) nobilissima is the largest speciesof the subgenus so far described. It is entirely distinct
from the only other very large regional species, L. (R.)
stonei Alexander, of Colombia, differing in all details ofcoloration of the body and wings.

Limonia (Rhipidia) myriosticta, sp. n.
General coloration brownish grey, the mesonotum
patterned with brown ; antennae usually long-bipectinate
for the female sex, with flagellar segments three to nine,
inclusive, each bearing two branches that exceed thesegments in length ; femora pale brownish yellow, the334

Dr. C. P. Alexander onnarrow tips clearer yellow ; tibiae and tarsi light yellow ;wings pale yellow with a heavy and abundant spottedand dotted brown pattern, the dots unusually numerous ;flc long; m-cu at or shortly beyond the fork of M ;abdominal tergites light brown, bordered laterally andcaudally with darker brown.
Pernub.-Length about 6.5-6-7 mm. ; wing 7-7.4 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennse unusually longbipectinate for the female sex ; scape, pedicel, basal
enlargements and branches of flagellar segments, and theentire terminal segment dark brown ; pedicels of flagellar
segments and all of segments twelve and thirteen white ;flagellar segments one and two simply unipectinate, thelatter with a longer branch ; flagellar segments three tonine, inclusive, with long branches that exceed the segments in length ; flagellar segments ten and eleven eachwith a short simple projection, the latter shortest ; terminal segment nearly one-half longer than the penultimate,narrowed outwardly. Head dark grey, the anteriorvertex reduced to a linear strip.
Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotum brownish grey,
the prascutum patterned with brown, appearing as
three capillary central vittse on anterior half, on theposterior half widely expanded t o involve most of thedisk ; scutal lobes with darkened centres ; scutellum andmediotergite greyish pruinose with a capillary dark brown
median vitta. Pleura chiefly greyish brown, the ventral
sternopleurite whitened, bordered above by a slightly
darker brown longitudinal line, with a second somewhat
similar line across the ventral anepisternum. Halteresbrownish yellow. Legs with the coxz darkened basally,
their tips pale ; trochanters yellow ; femora pale brownish
yellow, the narrow tips clearer yellow ; tibiz and tarsi
light yellow, only the terminal tarsal segments darkbrown. Wings with the ground-colour pale yellow, theprearcular field somewhat more intensely s o ; a very
heavy brown spotted and dotted pattern, including
major darker bown spots in bases of cells R and M , atsupernumerary cross-vein in cell Xc, origin of Rs, along
cord and outer end of cell 1st M,, R,and adjoining portionsof the radial veins behind it ; all cells of wing abundantly
dotted with paler brown specks ; veins yellow, brownish

new or little-known Tipulidai!.

335

black in the major patterned areas. Venation : Sc long,
Xc, ending near two-thirds to three-fourths the lengthof Rs, SG,near its tip ; a supernumerary cross-vein incell XG at near mid-distance between arculus and originof Rs ; Rs long, angulated at origin ; cell 1st M , longer
than vein M I + , beyond it ; m-cu at or shortly beyond
the fork of M .
Abdominal tergites light brown, the lateral, andespecially the posterior borders of the segments, marginedwith darker brown ; sternites obscure brownish yellow,
with the posterior borders darker brown ; genital segment
brownish yellow ; cerci slender, strongly upcurved, hornyellow.
Hab. Peru (Junin) ; Ecuador (Oriente).
Holotype, $2, Satipo, Jauja, Peru, altitude 800-900
metres, July 16, 1940 (Paprzycki). Paratype, 9,Abitagua,
Ecuador, altitude 1800 metres, April 15, 1940 (MacIntyre).
Limonia (Rhipidia) myriosticta has the abundantly
dotted wing-pattern much as in L. (R.) cramptoni Alexander, of north-eastern Brazil, and L. (R.) microsticta
Alexander, of northern Argentina and south-eastern
Brazil, but in all other respects is a very different fly.
The unusual development of the flagellar branches in thefemale sex is noteworthy.

Limonia (Rhipidia)invaripennis, sp. n. (Fig. 8.)Size large (wing, male, 9 mm. or more) ; generalcoloration buffy to grey, the praescutum with a dark
median stripe; antennae of male elongate, with ten
segments bearing two very long branches, in addition to asmall basal stub or spur ; wings with dark pattern very
reduced ; male hypopygium with the rostral prolongationa conspicuous flattened blade, the rostral spines arisingclose together from near mid-length on the face of theblade ; mesa1 apical lobe of gonapophysis elongate, constricted at near mid-length.
Male.-Length about 9-5-10 mm. ; wing 8-10-5 mm. ;antenna about P 4 - 2 mm.
Female.-Length about 8.5-9 mm. ; wing 9-10 mm. ;antenna about 2 mm.

336

Dr. C. P. Alexander on

Rostrum and palpi black. Antenna? of male elongate,
as shown by the measurements, with ten unequallytripectinate segments, the shortest branch a mere basal
spur ; first flagellar segment with a single long branchthat is subequal in length to the pedicel of the segment ;flagellar segments two t o eleven, inclusive, tripectinate,
as mentioned, the longest branches about three times thesegments, the short spur less than the basal enlargement ;terminal segment elongate, about one-half longer than the
penultimate ; antennae and branches black, the pedicels
whitened ; antennz of female short, simply serrate, theflagellar segments with a slight basal projection that isshorter than the apical pedicel ; terminal segment nearly
twice the penultimate. Head dark brownish grey;
anterior vertex narrow, in male reduced to a linear stripthat is about equal to the width of a single ommatidium,in female slightly wider.
Pronotum brownish grey, the posterior portion more
buffy. Mesonotal praescutum ranging from buffy to grey,with a conspicuous dark brown central stripe that is
wider in front ; in some specimens this stripe paler andinterrupted by dark lines ; lateral stripes lacking ;posterior sclerites of notum dark brownish grey, thescutellum paler. Pleura brownish grey, narrowly striped
longitudinally with blackened lines, the more dorsal one
longer. Halteres brownish black, the base of stem
yellow ; in cases, stem entirely yellow, knob dark brown.
Legs with the coxae yellow, more or less darkened basally,
especially the fore pair ; trochanters yellow ; fore femora
dark brown, the bases yellow; middle and posterior
femora obscure yellow or brownish yellow with the tips
more narrowly darkened; tibiae and tarsi dark brown.
Wings with a greyish tinge, the dark pattern much
reduced, the stigma most evident, appearing as a slightly
darkened ring with the centre pale ; cells C and Sc a trifle
darker than the ground ; cord and outer end of cell 1st M ,narrowly seamed with darker, more evident in female ;veins brown. Venation: S c long, Sc, ending about
opposite two-thirds the length of Rs,Sc, at its tip ; rn-eu
close to fork of M .
Abdomen of male somewhat elongate ; tergites brown,
the caudal borders narrowly darker brown to brownish

new or little-known Tipulida.

337

black ; sternites more obscure yellow, the incisuresnarrowly darkened ; outer segments and hypopygium
brownish black. Male hypopygium (fig. 8) with thetergite, 9t, transverse, narrowed apically, the posteriorborder gently emarginate. Basistyle, b, with the ventromesa1 lobe relatively stout, bifid, the smaller arm or
tubercle bearing a strong seta, the major lobe with a row
of five or six similar tubercles with long set=. Dorsal
dististyle slender, the tip acute. Ventral dististyle, vd,
dark coloured, relatively small, with a very large andconspicuous rostral prolongation, shaped as a yellow
flattened blade, the tip acute ; rostral spines placed close
together at base of prolongation, lying in a shallow depression at, near mid-length of blade. Gonapophyses, g,with mesal-apical lobe elongate, constricted at near midlength. Anal tube terminating in two fleshy lobes orpapillz.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 8, Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 15, 1940 ( Woytkowslci). Allotopotype, 9,pinned with
type. Puratopotypes, 10 89, April 15-25, 1940.
I n the unequally tripectinate flagellar segments of themale sex, the present fly agrees most nearly with Limonia(Rhipidia) inaquipectinuta Alexander, of northern Argentina, and L. (R.)tripectinata, Alexander, of Colombia,
differing from both in the large size, almost unpatternedwings, and especially in the somewhat remarkable malehypopygium.
Limonia (Rhipidia) invaripennis curpapat&, subsp. n.
Mule.-Length about 7 - 5 mm. ; wing 8 mm. ; antenna
about 3.8 mm.
Characters as in the typical form, differing especiallyin the smaller size, more heavily patterned wings, andespecially in the structure of the male hypopygium.
Wings with darkened clouds at origin of Rs,fork of Sc,
along cord and outer end of cell 1st M,, and as heavy
central washes in the outer radial and medial cells ;stigma with central area pale, as in the typical form.
Male hypopygium of the same general type as the typicalAnit. & Mug. N . Hist. Ser. 11. VoZ. viii.

23

338

Dr. C. P. Alexander onform, but with all structures slightly modified. Ventromesa1 lobe of basistyle very narrow, only about one-half
as thick as in typical invaripennis, gradually narrowed tothe simple pointed apex. Rostra1 prolongation even more
flattened, the outer portion forming an even stronger
angle, the total length of blade longer. Gonapophyses
with mesal-apical lobes darkened and very narrow.
Apical lobes of anal tube much stouter, strongly darkened.
Hab. Peru (Juilin).
Holotype, 3,Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 2600 metres,
May 3, 1940 (Woytlcowski).
Limonia (Rhipidia) profana, sp. n.

(Fig, 9,)Antennz (male) with ten bipectinate flagellar segments ;general coloration of mesonotum obscure brownish yellow,
the przscutuin with four darker brown stripes ; scutellum
and mediotergite dark ; pleura pale greyish brown,
striped longitudinally with black ; halteres dusky ;femora brown, paler basally, all tarsi dark ; wings witha heavy brown pattern, including five major costal
areas ; Sc, ending a t near two-thirds the length of Rs ;abdominal tergites dark brown, sternites bicoloured,yellow with conspicuously darkened posterior borders ;male hypopygium with the lobe of basistyle a simple
blackened club, expanded distally.
Male.-Length about 9 mm. ; wing 10 mm. ; antenna
about 2.6-2.9 mm.
Female.-Length about 7 mm. ; wing S mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennz black, including
the basal four segments and all branches ; apical pedicelsof remaining branched segments white ; in male, flagellar
segments two to eleven, inclusive, each with two long
branches, the longest nearly three times the segments ;first flagellar segment with a single stout spur ; penultimate segment with branches slightly exceeding the segments ; terminal segment simple, longer than the penultimate ; in female, all flagellar segments excepting thelast with a single strong spur that is shorter than thesegment itself. Head dark grey ; eyes- of male contiguous on vertex,

wew or little-known Tipulids.

339

Mesoonotal przscutum with the ground-colour obscurebrownish yellow, with four darker brown stripes, theintermediate pair only narrowly separated medially ;lateral stripes incurved a t their anterior ends, isolating
the posterior interspaces from the remainder of ground ;scutum dark brown, the anterior portion of median area
restrictedly paler ; scutellum dark brown, in cases witha scarcely iiidicated median pale line ; mediotergite
brownish black. Pleura pale greyish brown, striped longitudinally with black, the dorsal stripe broader and more
conspicuous, extending from the cervical region to thebase of abdomen ; ventral stripe poorly differentiated,
occupying the sternopleurite. Halteres dusky, the extreme base of stem yellow. Legs with cox= and trochanters yellow, the fore COX= dark brown on morethan the basal half; femora obscure yellow basally,
passing into brown, the tip not abruptly blackened;
tibis and tarsi brownish black. Wings with the groundcolour cream-yellow, chiefly restricted to the interspacesof the cephalic and outer portions, including both sidesof the cord; a conspicuous brown pattern, including
five major markings along anterior border, these more
extensive than the interspaces, the last a t stigma ; cordand outer end of cell 1st M , similarly seamed with darker ;posterior cells of wing almost uniformly suffused witha slightly paler shade of brown; veins brown, yellow
in the interspaces of the costal field. Venation: S clong, Sc, ending a t near two-thirds the length of Rs, Sc,
at its tip ; cell 1st M , shorter than vein Ml+2 beyond it ;m-cu close to fork of M .
Abdominal tergites dark brown ; basal sternites lightyellow, the posterior borders conspicuously dark brown,
the extreme bases of the succeeding segments narrowly
darkened. Male hypopygium (fig. 9) with the tergite
small, the caudal border convexly rounded. Bssistyle,b, with a dark-coloured ventromesal lobe that is shaped
as a simple club expanded at outer end and here provided
with long delicate set= from very small inconspicuous
punctures. Dorsal dististyle long and slender, the tip
acute. Ventral dististyle, vd, large and fleshy, darkcoloured, its area more extensive than that of basistyle ;340

Dr. C. P. Alexander onrostral prolongation small and slender, tipped with twolong setae that exceed the prolongation in length ; rostralspines relatively short, placed close together at near
mid-length of prolongation, arising from small basal
tubercles. Gonapophyses, g, with mesal-apical lobes
narrowly blackened and pointed a t tips.
Hub. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 6,Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 23, 1940 (Woytkowski). Allotopotype, 9,with thetype. Paratopotypes, 16, 1 9,April 12-20, 1940.
Limonia (Rhipidia) profana is closest to L. (R.) SZLCcentiva, sp. n., differing especially in the structure of themale hypopygium, as the simple darkened lobe of thebasistyle.
Limonia (Rhipidia)succentiva, sp. n. (Fig. 10.)
General coloration brown, the praescutum with threedarker stripes ; antennae of male with ten flagellar segments that bear two long branches, these about threetimes as long as the segments ; femora brownish yellow,
the tips narrowly and abruptly blackened ; wings creamyellow, with five conspicuous brown costal areas ; cordand outer end of cell 1st M, seamed with brown ; malehypopygium with the ventroniesal lobe irregular in outline, expanded outwardly, at near mid-length bearing
a conspicuous finger-like lobe.
Male.-Length about 7.5-8 mm. ; wing 9-9.5 mm. ;antenna about 3.5 mm.
Female.-Length about 7.5-8 mm. ; wing 8-5-10 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennae black, the apical
pedicels of the flagellar segments white ; flagellar segments(male) two to eleven, inclusive, each with two long conspicuous branches, the longest about three times the lengthof the segment ; first flagellar segment with a simple shortspur only ; penultimate segment with the branches unequal in length, the longest subequal to the segment ;terminal segment about as long as the penultimate ; infemale, flagellar branches simple, a little shorter than thesegments. Head dark grey ; eyes (male) large, almost
contiguous above, the vertex greatly reduced ; in female,the vertex only a trifle wider.

new or litttle-known Tipulidae.

341

Mesonotal primcutrim chiefly covered by three brown
stripes, the buffy t o greyish interspaces indicated behind,the anterior and lateral portions of the sclerite still
darker brown ; scutal lobes brown, the median area andcentral portion of scutellum pale ; remainder of scutellum
and the mediotergite dark. Pleura brown, with a conspicuous black longitudinal stripe across the dorsal
sclerites, extending to base of abdomen ; ventral sternopleurite less distinctly darkened. Halteres dusky, thebase of stem yellow. Legs with cox= obscure yellow,
the bases of the fore and middle pair more infuscated ;trochanters obscure yellow ; femora obscure yellow tobrownish yellow, the tips very narrowly but abruptly
blackened, the amount subequal on all legs ; tibiae andtarsi dark brown to black. Wings with the groundcolour cream-yellow, with five conspicuous brown areas,
the posterior portion of wing paler brown; fifth darkarea at stigma ; all dark costal areas well-separated,
the second sometimes reduced or even virtually lacking ;third and fourth areas, at origin of Rs and fork of Sc,
well separated ; distinct brown seams on cord and outerend of cell 1st M , ; veins brown, yellow in the costal
interspaces. Venation : Sc long, ScI ending near threefourths the length of .Rs,ScZ a t its tip ; cell 1st M ,shorter than vein MI+, beyond i t ; m-cu close to forkof M .
Basal abdominal tergites weakly bicoloured, the bases
abscure brownish yellow, the broad apices black ; outertergites more uniformly blackened ; sternites moreevidently bicoloured, the yellow bases less obscured ;hypopygium black. Male hypopygium (fig. 10) with thetergite, 9t, narrow, transverse, the caudal margin subtruncate to very gently convex. Basistyle, b, with theventroinesal lobe long and conspicuous, dark coloured, a tnear mid-length bearing a slender finger-like lobe, aroundbase of latter with several strong setae; apex of lobe
produced into three tubercles that bear strong spinous
setae. Dorsal dististyle slender, the tip acute. Ventral
dististyle, u’d, relatively small, dark coloured, its area
about equal in extent to the total area of basistyle;rostra1 prolongation small, relatively short, only a. little

342

Dr. C. P. Alexander onlonger than the rostral spines, these latter placed close
together on face of prolongation near base. Gonapophyses, g, with mesal-apical lobes of moderate length, thc
tips acute.
Hub. Peru Junin).
Holotype, 3 Huasahuasi, Tarma, altitude 2800 metres,
April 13, 1940. (Woytlcowski). Allotopotype, 9,April 24,
1940. Paratopotypes, 4 3.0, April 21-24, 1940.
Limonia (Rhipidia) succentiva is closest to L. (R.)
profana, sp. n., from which it differs conspicuously in the
structure of the male hypopygium. I n other regards, thenarrowly blackened femoral tips of the present fly,
together with the longer antennz and flagellar branches,
provide further characters for separation of the two
species.
Limonia (Rhipidia)vafra, sp. n. (Fig. 11,)
General coloration of the mesonotal przscutum obscureyellow, with three broad, dark brown stripes, the lateralborders further darkened ; antennae (male) with ninebipectinate flagellar segments, the branches relatively
short ; antennae (female) with relatively short flagellar
branches, the pedicels of the segments white; legs
brownish black ; wings brown, the costal border variegated with darker brown and pale, the latter areas muchsmaller than the former ; male hypopygium with the lobeof basistyle stout on basal half, the distal portion abruptly
narrowed ; rostral prolongation of ventral dististyle longand slender, the two spines a t base of prolongation.
Male.-Length
about 6-7 m m . ; wing 6-8 m m . ;antenna about 2-2.3 mm.
Female.-Length about 5-5-6mm. ; wing 6-5-6-8 mm. ;antenna about 1.5 mm.
Rostrum and palpi black. Antennze relatively short,in male with nine bipectinate segments ; first flagellar
segment with a simple lobe only ; flagellar segments two
to ten, inclusive, each with two relatively short branches,
the longest about twice the segment or slightly less ;antepenultimate segment with branches unequal in length,
one being much shorter ; apical segment simple and onlynew OT little-known Tipulida

343

a little longer than the penultimate ; basal enlargements
and branches of segments black, the pedicels white tobrownish white. In female, antennae merely pectinate,
the flagellar segments excepting the last produced into alobe that is about equal in length to the basal swellingitself, on the outer segments even smaller ; basal enlargements black, the apical pedicels white to brownish white ;both the branches and apical pedicels longer than in thecorresponding sex of variicosta, which moreover has theapical pedicels blackened like the basal enlargements.
Head dark grey ; anterior vertex in male reduced to alinear strip that is subequal in width to about a single rowof ommatidia ; in female, anterior vertex a trifle wider
though still narrow.
Pronotum brownish black. Mesonotal przescutum withthe ground obscure yellow or brownish yellow, with threebroad dark brown stripes, the median one especially wide,
restricting the posterior interspaces to narrow lines ;lateral and cephalic prxscutal margins similarly infuscated;scutal lobes dark brown, the median area obscure yellow,
the colour narrowly produced on to the central portion ofscutellum, which is otherwise dark brown ; postnotum
dark brown. Pleura brown above, yellow on ventral
portion, with two black longitudinal stripes, the dorsal
one broad, extending from the cervical region to the baseof abdomen, the ventral stripe very narrow, occupying thesternopleurite and continued above the mid-coxze on to
the meron. Halteres blackened, base of stem narrowly
yellow. Legs with cox= yellow, the fore pair darkened
on basal portion ; trochanters yellow ; remainder of legs
brownish black to black, the femoral bases restrictedly
brightened. Wings of male with the ground-colour brown,
the costal border with five major darker brown areas thatare separated by much narrower pale markings; cordand outer end of cell 1st M , more or less distinctly borderedby darker brown ; third costal darkening (at origin of Rs),
separated from the fourth (at fork of Xc) ; veins darkbrown, paler in the whitened costal interspaces. I n
female, the dark posterior portion of wing is more
x-ariegated with pale areas, including the centre of cell
1st M,, before cord and beyond outer end of cell Lst M,,

344

On new or little-known Tipulidae.

and in outer end of cell 1st A . Venation Xc long, Sclending about opposite one-half to two-thirds the lengthof Rs,Sc, a t its tip ; cell 1st M , rectangular ; m-cu closet o fork of M .
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the posterior bordersof segments and the hypopygium brownish black; incases, tergites uniformly brownish black to black ;sternites light yellow, the posterior borders broadly
infuscated, the outer segments uniformly darkened. Male
hypopygium (fig. 11) with the tergite, 9t, narrow, its
median caudal portion ill-delimited. Basistyle, b, and its
lobe dark coloured, the latter stout on basal half, thedistal portion produced into a much more slender lobe
that is provided with numerous small set=. Dorsal
dististyle slender, its tip acute. Ventral dististyle, vd,
relatively small, its total area subequal to that of basistyle,the rostra1 prolongation long and slender, with the twospines placed a t extreme base ; spines subequal in length,
placed close together, arising.from small separate tubercles ;apex of prolongation bearing two very strong set=.
Mesal-apical lobe of gonapophysis, 8, gently curved,
blackened.
Hab. Peru (Junin).
Holotype, 8, Carpapata, Tarma, altitude 21300 metres,
May 13, 1940 (Woytkowski). Allotopotype, 9, May 1,
1940. Pamtopotypes, 6 82,May 1-15, 1940 ; parat?yps,
2 88, Huasahuasi, altitude 2S00 metres, April 20, 1940
( Woytkowski).
The most similar species is Lirnonia (Rhipidia) variicosta
Alexander, of northern Panama. which is still known tome only in the female sex. This latter differs from thesame sex of the present fly in details of coloration and in
the structure and coloration of the antennz, as describedabove.