/{0IINDESCRIBED SPECIES Or JAPAI{ESE CRANE-FLIES(Tipulidae,Diptera.)
Part m.
By Cnenrrs P. Ar^pxenuen

The first two parts under this general title were publishedin these ANNer,s in 1919 and 1921. Virbually all of the species
included in the present report were sent to me for determination
by Dr. Shiraki and were collected by himself and other entomologists, Messrs. fnamura, Isshiki, Issiki, Miyake, Okuni, Sonan
and Yoshino. Additiond material was sent by Dr. Machida.
The writer's thanks are extended to all of these gentlemen for
their co-operation in maLing known the large and very
imporbant Tipuloidean fauna of the Japanese Empire. 'Where
not stated to the contrary, types of the novelties describedherein are preserved in the collection of the writer.
Dicranomyia Stephens.
Dicranomyia (Idioglochina) kotoshoensis sp. n.
General coloration brownish yellow; head gray; mesonotal praescutum with three brown stripes; wings pale brown; Sc very short;Rs shorter than the deflection of Raa6;veins R1, Rz13and Ra6 generally
parallel to one another, straight.
Male-l,englh. about 5.5 mm.; wing, 5.6 mm.
Rostmm brown, the palpi dark brown. Anterrnre dark brown;
flagellum with the structure of the speciesof the subgenus,the verticils
being very stout, almost spinous, arranged in a row around the
periphery of the segment. Head gray.
Mesonotum yellowish pollinose with three broad, brown stripes, themedian stripe becoming indistinct before the suture; scutal lobes brown,
the media.narea palerl scutellum injured in pinning, apparently sparseiypruinose; postnotum brown, paler basally. Pleura brownish yeliow
with a sparse,.microscopicgray pubescence. Ilalteres pale, the knobs
slightly darker. Legs with the coxae concolorous with the pleura;trochanters obscure yellow; femora obscure brownish yellow; tibie
and tarsi brown; daws toothed. Wings pale brown; stigma barely
indicated; veins brown. Venation: Sc short, Sc1ending far before
the origin of Rs, this distance longer than the basal deflection of Cu1,
Scr a short distance from the tip of Scr, the latter about equal to ttt,'
Rs very short, about two-thirds the deflection of Raa6;ftrar straight,57

58

Annals Entomological Society of America ' ' [Vol' XVI'

parallel to .R1;r very indistinct, 3t tlre- tip oJ ftr; deflection of R4stiit" rfroit"r than the basal deflbctionof Cu; outersection
ffi;;"d;;paraliel with Rz+sicell '/sJ !Iz-Iong,, irregularly perr"l-[*i"""ttffytrgo"l"f,io"g* ih"" ;t of the veios beyond it; basal deflectionof Curj"St u"i,o"o]the fork oi M, about equai to c'r' Anal angle of wingas in subgenus.
conspicuous,*"f#;;
the basal tergites {:"5"1 brown;
lightffi*"ishvell-ow,"thehvpopveium ob-scurev"Uo* Male hypopygium-(describedfrom
theslender,and19ng
pl"*it".
comiititinely
tir";i#"ivf,"g;;1"i-*itfti."Jlt'lrt" u.." iltfi t large, subglobularlobe that is provided;6.i#ri
to"g, erect setel thJtwo_appendagesare closelyapprox;;;il"^i;-e;;ia llttle.longer
imated. the outer hook stout, the inner fleshy appe-ndage
beak'
unarrredblunt,
rathelinaterminating;ffi tli",;ht;i"i;;Jffit,
Penis-guard consPicuous.
Hobirat: Japao (Taiwan). Holotype, d, Island of Kotosho'
thd
March tS-ApriliO, 1920 (T. Okuni and J' Sonan)' {ype.in
Taihoku'
Station,Experimentcollection of the AgriculturalD'icranomyia kotoshoensis is of unusual intelest as bein$
the first oriental species of the subgenus ldiogl,ochina Alexander:
to be described, th" tht"" species previously known-.bein$from the Australasian region (Waigeou to N' Queensland)'

l
:l

ti,
':l'
i
ll
r:

I

I

(?) Dicranomyia shirakii sP. n.
General coloration dark with a marmorate pa-tl9rl .of microscopirly"tto*, .tfre {gmoral -tips; tibial.bases and tiprs
r"g.
gt.y ;;b;;"ot"";-*tritisft
subhyaline with a^h".oy- brolcn pattern'wings
irro*tt;t.r:t
th'airr"todirrg five vefu exiensive cosi'al blotches; Sc ending opposite
deflectionof Ch beforethe fork of M'
basal
lacking;Sc,.fnt,-AAt-i"ttgth,
head, 5 mm'; wing, 6'5 mm""^ti*i""*cl*,tditg
Head lacking.
The
Pronotum brown, marmorate laterally -ryth gral' pruinose' b"
verdisris-"19,:"ttd'estrov-ed
pr
less
or
Loi"
it
th";;;;-;;;"*
general i".*. only;.mesonotal praescutun.|isnt^91{
ai.*tt"a'i"*itft-a broad, black, m-edianstripe that is spgrs.elyprovlde'r
darkbrownwith"*i"or"oi the^mesonotum
Hffi;ili;:iil#iiiil,;ri,,ae,pnrinositlt'
a-sparse
asappearsthatpubescencea microscopi",
micrcrgrav'asi1very"ppt"tt"awithmarmorateh;d.omelv
Fi#;;t[;t;;il,Haltere:syellow'
obscuremembrane
66t5e-pt"urilp"i".""""";';;pt;'k";i;tdark brown'- Legs with th'e-gtio".pi*o"tly;hit", -the large
trochanters obscure.yellovri
pubesceit;.
yrp*r"lycoxe brown, ^trigirivJlo#,
iire tips rather broadly and conspicuouslY
6;*;i;;alr,darkdark brown; tibie brobnish yellow, tllg.bases and tips narrowlyheavYasubhvllin:*hitishtar;l dart< trown. Wittgt
b;;;;
Ath
brown'pattern; costai region witfr five very extensivebrown blotches'andthe first at the levei of tfte arculus, i""f"al"g-f"i1i.g"1t C and,Sc
betweerl
mid-distancenear
blotchsecondrtcoi,,";o""t;"iai"S r"lo"a1e231

Alexand,er:

Japanese Crane-Flies

59

arculus and the origin of Rs, sending a quadrangular cloud into cell .iR,'
third blotch above the end of Sc and origin of rRs,sending a rectangular
cloud over the base of Rs; fourth blotch at stigma, sending a large
cloud over the fork of -rRs,separated from the fiJth and apical blotch
only by a large, rounded spot of the ground coior in the base of cell
0nd. R1; apical blotch includes more than the distal half of celT ?nd. Rt
and all of rR3except a series of about six indistinct whitish spots; thewhite interspaces bef,ween the first three blotches do not equai morethan one-fifth the blotch in extent: besides the above brown areas. theremainder of the cord and outer end of cell /sl l/z is broadly seamed withbrown; paler brown clouds occupy most of cells ?nd, Mr; Mt, Cu and M,
the base and outer ends of cells Czrr, lsl A and ?nd A, there being large
hyaline areas in the outer ends of cells Ca, 1sl A and.?nd A, the brown
clouds confned to the ends of the veins; veins dark brown, pale in thehyaline areas. Venation:
Sc1 ending opposite the origin of Rs,
gentlylacking;Rsarcuated,about twice the deflection of R+r;
^lc2
r at tip of Rr; deflection of .rRa6longer than the basal d.eflection of Cu11
cell -lsl M2 rectangiar,
almost as long as vein M112 beyond it; basal
deflection of Ch about one-half its length before the fork of M; vein
0nd, A' gently bisinuous.
Abdomen brown, the hypopygium obsorre yellow.
Habitat:Japan (Taiwan).

Holotype,d, Tappan, aititude

about 3,000 feet, June 18, 1917 (T. Shiraki). Typ* in thecollection of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Taihoku.
?Dicranomyia shirakii is a very conspicuous crane-fly whose
true generic position is rendered somewhat doubtful by theloss of the head of the type. It is almost certainly a Dicranortyia, but there is a possibility of.its being a Geranomy,ia or a
Rhipidia.
It is named in honor of the coilector, Dr. T. Shiraki,
to whom I am indebted for many favors.
Dicranomyia subumbrata sp. n.
General coloration obscureyellow; head gray; pleura with a broad,dark brown stripe; wings tinged with brown; stigma, a spot at origin ofRs and conspicuousseams along the cord and outer end of ce1llst Mz
seamedwith brownl Sc long, cell lsl ilr closed; abdominal segments
brown, paler basally; male hypopygium large and complex.
Male-Length'about 5.5 mm.; wing, 6.2 mm.
Female-Length about 6 mm.; wing, 6.3 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antenne dark brown, the flagellar
segmentsoval-cylindrical. Head gray.
Mesonotal praescutum obscure yellow, the posterior median area
broadly dark brown; laterai stripes obiiterated; scutal lobes dark brown,
the median area yellowish; remainder of the mesonotum brown. Pleura
obscure yellow with a conspiorous, dark brown stripe extending fromthe cervical sclerites, beneath the halteres, to the abdomen. Halteres

60

Socintyof Amer'ira
Annals Entomol'ogi'cal'- [Vol'XVI,brown, the base of the steru obscure yellow. Legs vith- the coxa*a J"b"tt"ttters obscufe yellow; remainder of the leqs dark brown, thefemoral bases paler. Wings tinged with brown; stigma conspiorous,
dark brown, cir^cularin outfne; a-large paler brown spot a-! origtn of {s;seamsalons the cord, outer end of-cell lst Mz and at the tip of Scr'
Venation: Scr ending just beyond midd"tt b-*tt.
b;;;.-;;fisie"stii'ot ni, Str at its tip; Rs slightly angulatedat origin; r -attip of Rr
one-third fite t.ogi'tt oi n +r; cell Isl M: closed,the basal
;,i;t
"U""t
of Cu at the fotkof. M.
deflection
Abdo*"* dark brown, the tergites narrowly pale basally; sternites
yellow, ringed caudally with brown. Mulu- hypopygrum large andlo-ptiirt"O in structrrie; plegrites short and stout, the meso-caudal
1ong arm,.the margin.of which isangti ptoauced mesa6'id1g"sp-inuie; pieqai. SqpeTqacqs
p.o"iada with a ledge set with microscopic
than ihe pleurite, consisting of an outer ctritinized hookil;.h-;"n;and two inner, fleshy, curved lobes, the more proxim{ U"i"g bent at astrong angle.' Penis-guard large; gonapophyses broad-based, the;""t", slentei tips dirlcted stronlly laterad, before the tqn with closep;U"lridges. 'Ovipositor with-ihe f,ergal valves slender, strongly
cuxved.
Holotype, d, Horisha, DecemHabitat: Japan (Taiwan).
ber 20, 19L6 (i. Strlra:ci). Allotopotype, 9. Type in thecollection of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Taihoku'
Dicronomyin subumbratais related to the smaller D. umbratade Meijere (iava), differing in the coloration of the abdomen,
the hypopygial structure, and other characters.
Limonia Meigen.
Limonia nigronitida sp. n.
Head and thorax shiny black, the thoracic pleura with a microhalteres yeilory; legs black, fore."opi", appressed,gtay pirbescence-;yeliow,
subterminal ring; wings lightttatrow,awiiir;;d hird-fft;dvellow. sootted and cloudedwith brown; stigma large, oval, dark brown;iitti, tip of Rr;basal deflectionof Car beforethe fork of M,'abdomen"*ar on basal haif; blaci<on the terminal half.
orangeAale_Lenglh, 11.5mm.; wing, 125 mm.
Rostrum aid iralpi dark brownish black. Antenne with the scapeblack, th; flagellum'6ark brown throughout. Head shiny brownish
part of the vertex and a rur''ow margrn along theb["t ; th""trt!io"eyes-" with an appressedgray pubescence.
Pronotum el6ngate, 5t.&, the scutellum shiny d'ark brown' Mesonotum shiny blacf, the median area of the scutum and the scutellum
gt"y' pob"."ent. . Ple'ra black with I -heayy a-ppressedo"ry"p"treiyi{"lt"tes pale yellow. Legs ITth th.".. fore andst"y dl*&f"".'ioitiat.i coxe dark brown, the posterior coxa more shiny reddish, brown
posteriorly; trocharrters obscrrreyellow; femora black, rather narrowly1e231

Alerand.er: JapaneseCrane-Fl,ies

61

obscure yellow basally, before the black tip with a narrow yellow ring,
this zubobsoleteon the mid-femora; remainder of the legsblack. Wings
light yellow, the base aud ce1lsC and ,Scbrighter yellow; stigma large,oval, dark brown; conspicuous rounded brown spots at origin of Rs
and the deflection of .Raa5;an extensive paler brown wash at the wing:
apex, occupying the outer ends of crils 0nd Rr, Rr, the middle portion ofRs, ?nd Mz and Ms, the outer ends of these latter being pale; large,
triangular pale brown clouds at ends of veins Ca alLd lst A; cord andouter end of cell lst Mznarrowly seamedwith dark brown; a pale brown
seam along the margin of cell 0nil' A; veins dark brown, paler in theflavous areas. Venation: ^Sc1ending beyond the fork of lRs, Sc1
about.twice Sc0; Rs angulated at origin; r about one and one-half its
length from the tip of -Rr; inner ends of cel1sRa and lsl Mr lying far
proximad of cell R5; basal deflection of Cu before the fork of M.
Abdomen with the basal four segments obscure, light orange,
unmarked, the remainder of the abdom.en,inciuding the hypopygium,
shiny black, only the penis-guard and pleural appendages of the
hypopygium a litt1e paler.
Holotype, d, Teshio, JaLy 4,
Habitat:Japan (Hokkaido).
Type in the collection of the Agriculturat
1916 (T.'Isshiki).
Experiment Station,. Taihoku.
Limonia nigronit'ida is not closely related to any of ihe four
described European species with shiny black head and thorax(pannonica Kowarz, n/itida, Verrall, splmd,ens Kwftze andproximo Kuntze).
No American species of this group havebeen discovered.
Rhipidia Meigen.
Rhipidia (Rhipidia) rostrifera formosana subsp. n.
Male-LengJh about 5 rnrn.; wing, 5.5 mm.
Gerrerally similar to .R. (R.) rostrifero Edwards of the Malay
Peninsula and Sumatra, differing as follows:
Mesonotal praescutum yellowish gray with three conspicuousdark
brown stripes; median stripe broad, indistinctly split longitudinallyby a pale line; lateral stripes conspicuous;scutal lobes with the centersdark brown; scuteih:m gray pruinose. Pleura gray with a n€urow,
longitudinal brown stripe ending beneath the root of the halteres.
Mesostermrm dark brown, the dorsal margin sharply delimited. Fenaora
brown with a conspicuous,broad, darker brown, subterrninal ring, theextreznetip narrowly pale. Wings with the brown pattern extensive,the outer costal blotch including the distal fourth of cell ?nd Rt and the
distal two-fifths of cell fts,'stigmal blotch quadrate, confluent with theoval costal blotch at tip of Sc. Venation: Scslacking, the subcostal
cross-vein present and surrounded by a srnall brown cloud; Rs elongate,strongly arcuated at origin; ce17Mt comparatively small, about one-half62

Annals'Entomol,ogicalSocietyof Ameriai' [Vol. XV-I ,.the length of its,petiole; basal deflection of. Cqbeyond.theJork,of l',".the distarice a. tittle shorter tban r-tn, Cua bemg sJrorter than thedeflection of. Cii;.
Holotype, d, Funkiko, altitud,eHabitat:Japan (Taiwan).
.Type in theabout 6,000 feet, April 29, Lg17 (T. Shiraki).
Experimentcoilection of the Agricultural
Station, Taihoku.
Gonomyia Meigen:.
Gonomyia (Progonomyia) scutellum-album sp. n.
General coloration black; pronotal and mesonotal scutella whitish
yeilow; pleura dark brown, the epimeron yeilow; knobs of the haltereslight yellow; wings faintly tinged; Scl ending about opposite two-thirds
J?s; penis-guard very large and flattened neat midlength,
the apex
zuddenly na:rowed, aciculaJ.
Mal,r-Lengfth about 4.5 mm.; wing, 6.6 mm.
Femole-Lertgth about 4 mm.; wing, 6.3 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. . Antenna dark brown, the segments oval. Head black, rather sparsely dusted with light gray.
Pronotum dark brown, the scutellum conspiorously light yellow.
Mesonotum black, the scutellum conspicuously and abruptly whitise
yellow. Pleura dark brown, the epimeron yellow. Halteres browr,
the knobs conspicuously light yellow. Legs with the coxa anl
trochanters dark brown; remainder of the legs dark brownish blacl.
Wings with a Jaint brownish tinge, the stigma barely indicated; veirc
dark brown. Venation:^Scr ending about opposite two-thirds thelength of -Rs, Sc2 far from the tip of ,5c1,closer to origin of Rs than tc
tip of Sc; fis long, straight; r lacking; petiole of ce11?nd. Mz about onehalf ionger than the basal deflection of Cur, the latter about one-thirl
its length beyond the fork of M.
Abdominal tergites brown, the caudal margins of the segmenls
rather broadly dark brown. Hypopygium paler brown, more nearlyconcolorous with the sternites. Maie hypopygium with the lateralangle of.pleurite a little produced; three pleural appendages; outerappendage pale, gradually na:rowed apically; middle appendage
cylindrical at base, near mid-length diiated into a collar, the laterrlmargin jutting out into a black lobe, the apical two-fifths very slende,gently curved; inner pleural appendage the shortest, the proximal farewith long seta. Penis-guard very large and highly compressed, slendtr.
basally, dilated into a roughly oval blade from the end of which tle
long, slender, needle-like extension of the guard continues, bent strongynear its origin and lying nearly paral1el with the margin of the dilatior.
Habitat:J"pan (Taiwan).

Holotype,d, Funkiko,altituce

about 6,000feet, April21, 1917(T. Shiraki). Allotopotype, !.
Type in the collection of the Agricultural Experiment Statior,Taihoku.

r

1e23J

'Alexand;er:

Japanese Crane-Fl,ies

63

Gonomyia scutel'Ium-album is related.t o G: strenuzi.(Brunetti).
rt would seem better to refer both- species to the subgenus.Progonomyia of'Gonornyia Meigen although tr,"y ainei bome'whatfrom the characteristic form of the gro;p.
Teucholabis Osten Sacken.
Teucholabis aberrans sp. n.
, Head dark grayl -mesothorax shiny reddish; wings tinqed with
Drown' more saturated arong costa; ceITgnd. Mz with a short petiole;abdomen brownish black.
Male--Length, T mm.; wing, 6.b mm..
to-ngag itre remainder of rhe head, shiny btack;palpl
dark brownish]s.
-^,5T^tTT_l"rlY
brack. Antenna dark brownish bla& throughout.
Head dark gray.
Pronotum reddish. Mesothorax entirery shiny reddish.
-oU.*r" Haltereswith the fore and mitiatg.aO.n,
ffl\_,!l.yi:
tne hlnd coxe !:s,r"o1r.*remaind.er of thedark brown; trochanters dark brown;
9q:^P:!11;- yilF. srronglyli"g:d with brown,e;;il;;;i;ng thec_os'armargtn ro the eld of vein R2a3; veins dark brown. Venition:
Sc1ending about,opposite three-fourthi the length-Rs of R;;-'.trr'; about
three-fifths the distance between theofand the [ip of sc,;.originRs.long,. ngarly- straight; r on R26 aUout-its'own l"rrgtfr"f"i"oatf,"fork; cell Ist Mz elongate, the sides parallel; ceII Znd.--ii, wi#lsno*
petiole that is a little.ionger than r-m; basir aefleciion ot'CiZ
wu"
less than its own length beyond the fork of.M.
Abdomen shiny b._rownishbrack, only the incisures of the terminal
segments narrowly silvery.

_ - Habint' Japan (Jaiw11). Holotype, d, Island of Kotosho,
March
15-Apri1 10, 1gZ0(T. Okuni a"a;. Sonan).
Teucholabisaberransdiffers from arl other describedspecies
by the petiolate' cell ?nd, Mz. In its general appeara.ice itsuggests T. inornata Riedel.
Elephantomyia Osten Sacken
Elephantomyia (Elephantonyodes) major sp. n.
Generai coloration light .yellowish brown, the thoracic pleura
the tirminat tarsat segments
white;'wingi
Plglj":,k*:-!9"k,sz, 'sc1and the outer end-sno-vifyq"ulof R, dark b.o*o;:ff^"1,Y1th-ltog;
abdommal segmentsindistinctly bicolorous.
Mole-Length (excludingrostrum), 11.5mm.; wins, 10.4mm.
R-ostmmslender,black, if bent bickward e*ie"aiii t".
*ialengttr of the abdomen. Antenne with 14 s€gments,th-ebasal"uoi,ugro"rmgreenishtestaceous,the remainderblack with"eiongaien.g"ii",Front surrounding the insertion of the rostrum rfittr gi"L"i.h-yeilow""i.ti"ilr.
"MAnnals Entomol,ogicol. Society of Amcrha[Vol. XVI;

tiog.. Ilead brown,^nTrow{
posteriorly; vertex between the eyes
about as wide as the first scapal jesment.
Mesonotum light yellowiJtr uroin without markings, the scutenum..
sngnrry more testaceous; postnotum narrowly and indistinctly darkerb.**medially. Planra ofscurg rellow, the propl",r*-d-k;'.:mesopruinescentlaterally. Halteres-paie,the knobs'broil.
:t"*oq.Fg..
legs wltn the coxe obscufe.yellow, the fore coxre darker; trochantersobssure yeilow; femora black, the bases narrowiy paG;;'tiii6
bhck;
metatarsi black, the na'ow distal end *dreor"i"i"gs"g-ents-tdge;{ge^xceptthg l9,st, snowy-wlite.
cells.'Wings _*!h_ . b-dish "joJ&, Srt a^rrdthe na^rrowouter end of F. dart< brown;
arrEt o*rr.
Venation: Rs $rongly arcuated,?t origrn; vei"s C"o".i".
ana lr, ; ,id"it.."p^.Tfd aj
pa{Crg, .the distance much longlr than the basal^wing
deflggtl-onof Ct4;yein
0nd A comparatively short.
Abdomen dark brown,-se.gmentsthrito
five with the basa,ihalf

p:5^Pt::i:1ry:T!

six simil-arbut the basalhatf

ugril"r, yel-loyrsh brgwn; remainder of aMomen dark brown, the""u"small hfropvgi"ma little brighter.

Hg,bita| Japal (Taiwan). Holotype, d, fshnd of Kotosho,_Y"r"!_ 15-Apql 10, 1920 (T. Okuni and J. Sonan). .Type in
the collection o? the Agricultural Experiment station, Trithok,r.
Elephantomyia major is related to E. Juscomarginata Ender.
-lein(sumatra), from which it is distinguished iy ii, trrg",
size, coloration, and the details of venation, especijy the wide
separation of veins cuz and Ist A at the wing-margin.
This
section of the genus now includes seven sp"cf.. iJthe
East
Indies and North Australia, differing from Ekphantomyio.
s. s.
by the lack of tibial spurs and thi details of .,r"oriioir, ,R,
being in alignment with the deflection of Ra-.,.5,
and Rzaa arisingalmost perpendicularly from the end of the ,""tor.
This
grgup of Elephantomyie with spurless tibie should.
receive
subgeneric rank and theEtrephantomyod,esmay be used,
E. major being the type of-namethis section.
Epiphragma Osten Sacken
Epiphragma divisa sp. n.
Allied to E. aicino B,runetti; regs uniforrnly light yellow;
wing-

p:*:T yjy f't?:!:*,_!* bandatongthe ouierJ"a orrsorareo lfom tne basal Dattern_".i'r*u,about 8 mm.; wing, g.2 mm.
UoJfLtpCth
Fetnale-Length, 11 mm.;wing, 1-0.bmm.
pale, golden-ye-lloy pubescent; palpi dark brown. Antenne_,.59:t*wlEn rne scaDal sesments dark brown, the long first flagellar
segment

light yellowi secoid. segmentyellowish brd";-;;;ili;;

i"ig"u",L9231

Alexander:

Japanese Crane-Flies

OD

Head brown, obscure yellow adjoining
segments uniformly brown.
thi inner margin of the eyes; vertex with a 1ow tubercle.
Mesonotal Draescutum rich fulvous.
dark brown.
Pronotumpassing into dark brown behind; remainder bf mesonotum dark brown,
lhe base of the scutellum gray pruinose. In the female, the mesonotum is provided with a light gray bioom that ahnost conceals the
fulvous grorrnd color. Pleura dark with patches of pruinescence andyellow pollen, the more dorsal sclerites grayrsh; ventral and posteriorsclerites with a sparse yellow poilen. Halteres pale brown, the apicesof the knobs light yellow. Legs with the coxae obscure yellow, theouter face of each slightly infuscated; remainder of the legs light yellow,
Wings comparatively narrow, much narrower
the femora immaculate.
than in E. insignis Wulp or E. subinsignis Alexander; subhyaline witha restricted brown pattern arranged somewhat as in E. oicino Brunetti,
but even more broken, the pale a.reas more extensive; the large brown
oblique band that crosses the outer end of cell Isf M2 is quite compact
and isolated from the other markings, more or less Y-shaped, one
arm of the Y reaching the margin at &, the other, broader, at lR4r
rRs strongly angulated at origin; R43 comVenation:
an.d Mr
paratively short, about one-half longer than the deflection of Raa6;
celi 1sl M2large, in the female witn. m long and sinuous; petiole of cell
Mt only about one-haif the cell, in the female longer than in the male;basal deflection of Cubefore one-fourth the length of the cell.
Abdominal tergites light brown, the margins of the segments darker
brown; hypopygium dark brown
Habitat:Japan(Taiwan).

Hoiotype,d,Shinchiku,

alti-tude 500-1,000 feet, July 1-30, 1918 (J. Sonan and K. Miyake).
Allotype, 9, Musha, altitude about 3,700 feet, May 18--June15,
1919 (J. Sonan, K. Miyake arid M. Yoshino). Types in thecollection of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Taihoku.
Limnophila Macquart.
Limnophila (Lasiomastix) macrotrichiata sp. n.
Generally similar to L. fl.awll,aAlex.; size larger; head light gray;no dark spot at wing-root; wings pale yellow; the stigma conspicuous,
oval, pale brown; macrotrichie of wing veins and membrane very longand conspicuouslcell lst Mz rectangular.
Male-LengEh about 6.8 mm.; wing,8 mm.
Rostrum obscure yeilow; palpi brown. Antenna short, the firstscapal segdent elongate; scape and basal three flagellar segments
obsqrre yellow, the remaind.er of the flagellum dark brown. Headlight gray with proclinate yellow bristles.
Pronotum dark medially, pale laterally. Mesonotal praescutr:nshiny, obscure brownish yellow without markings; scutellum andpostnotum a little clearer yellow. Pleura pale brown with a sparse,
microscopic,gray pubescenceto produce the effect of a pruinosity.

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Annal,sEntonnlogical,Soc'ietyof America[Vol. XVI.

Halteres pale, the knobs a little darker. Legs with the coxa lisht
brown, gray pubescent like the pleura; trochanters yellow; remainlerof the legs obso:re yellow, the tibial tips a little darkened; tips of themetatarsi and rernaining tarsal segments pale brown. Wings with noblack spot at base; pale yellow with a conspicuous, oval, pale btov,rnstigma; cord faintly seamed with brown; macrotriehie of both ysin5
and mernbrane very large, distinctly larger than in the other describedJapanese species of the subgenus, conspiorous even with a hand-lens:these trichia occrlpy all but the bases of cells ?nd R1,Rr, Ra, Rs, M, and,0nd Mz and because of their size appear to almost fill the cells; quterends o{ cells ,Scr, Ms allLd Czr likewise provided with these long sete.
Venation: Similar to L. fiaael,la suitoma Alex-, differing as fo1le1y5;.R.rlonggr and less arsuated at origin; r closer to tip of Rl than to oriqin
of &; cel1 Mr abott hrice its petiole; ce1l lsl Ms rectangular, the traLl
deflection af Cut near_one-third its length; vein ?nd,.4 longer, gently
sinuous nea.r outer ead.
Abdomen brown. Male hypopygium as in L. J. sailama, difierins
in the details of structure; what seems to be the ninth tergite has ivery deep U-shaped notch with the lateral lobes much broader than 16s
notch, their tips very obtusely rounded; inner pleural appendage with
the inner arm more.tha.n one-half the length of the clavate outer 6.1sn
and rnore appressed to it.

Habitat: Jap.m (Llokkaido). Holotype, f , Teshio, July B,
1916 (T. Isshiki). Type in the collection of the Agricultural
Experiment Station, Taihoku.
I',imnophila(Dicranophragna)taiwanensirs
sp. nMale-Lenglh,
5.5 nam.; wing 6.4 mrn.
related.
to L. (D.) multipuncti.pennis Brurrctti (N.
_ _!vl.ost_.91osely
India), difiering as follows:
Size smaller. Antenne with the first segment dark brown, the subglobular second segment light brown; first flagellar segment g6nspicuously yellow; remainder of the flagellum dark brown. No dark
median line on head. Mesonotal praescutum obscure yellow polli11sss,
the s-pacebetween the median and lateral stripes capillary, broqm; acircular brown spot occupying the lateral margin of the praescrltum
caudad of lhe pseudosr,r,tura.lfovee. W'ings with the five large csstal
ar_eas_relatively sgrall and_ i''significan-t; basal blotch occup-ies s6y
cells C and Sc; stigma oval, the extensi'on of it along the cord huslr
paler and mor€ or less inter.rupted; wing-trl not uniformly darkensd; sbrown sea:n at the strongly curved tip of vein gnil A; the numt-1.6r15
dots in the cells are not at ail dash-like, but subcircular in outline.
Venation: Cell lsl M2 larger, longer than broad, with the basal
deflection of Cu at three-fifths its iength; petiole of ceil Ml longer ths.nthe cell. Abdomen dilrk brown, the bases of the elongate pletu.itesof the male hypopygium obscure yellow.

19231'

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JaPanese Crane-Flies

67

Habitat: Japan (Taiwan). Holotype, i, Taito, altitude
about 500 feet, February 25-March 27, I9Lg (S. Inamura, J.
Type in the collection of the AgriSonan and M. Yoshino).
Taihoku.
Station,Bxperimentcultural
Limnophila taiwanensis is very distinct from the two
insular species, L. (D.) remota (Meijere) of Java, ar.d L. (D.)
Jormosa Alexander, of Formosa
Eriocera Macquart.
Eriocera geminata sP. n.
Related to.E. hilpo (Walker); mesonotalpraescutum velvety biackwith three shiny blue-black stripes; fernora yellow, the tips narrowly
dark brown; wings dark brown with a yellow blotch before and anotherbeyond the origin of Rs in cel1R,'a white oval blotch before the cord.
in cells R and M; abdomnal tergites velvety black, the basesbroadly
glabrous with pearly blue reflexions.
Mole-Length about 11.5mm.;wing, 9.5 mm.
Rostrtrm and palpi black. Antenne black, setaceous, if bent
backward, extending about to the base of the abdomen. Head black;vertical tubercle inconspicuous
Mesonotum opaque, velvety black, the praescutum with threeshiny, blue-black stripesl centers of the scutal lobes shiny. Pleura
black. Halteres black. Legs with the coxe and trochanters black;femora yellow, the tips narrowly dark brown; tibia and tarsi darkbrown. Wings dark brown; cel1s C and Sc pa1er. Anal ce1lspaler
grayrsh brown, broadly sufiused aiong vein 0nd. A; two conspicuous
elongate, yellow blotches in ce1l R, one before and one beyond theorigin of Rs,'a conspicuous,white, oval blotch before the cord, lying
just before the outer ends of ceils R and M, barely extending acrossthe
iector into cell 1st R1;veins dark brown. Venation: r on R2 about its
length beyond the fork of Rs6; Rz+aalittle longer than the deflectionof ^Ra*5;cell Mr lacking; basal deflection of Cu1 just beyond midlengthof cell 1sl,M*
Abdominal tergites glabrous basally, with pearly bluish reflexions;caudal margins broadly velvety black, this margin on the intermediatesegments occupying about the distal third of the segment; sternites
velvety black, only the basesnarrowly glabrous. Hypopygium black.
Habitat: Japan (Honshiu). Holotype, d, Island of Oshima,
Tokyo-Fu, July 16, 1918 (T. Shiraki); Collector's No. 6979.
Type in the collection of the author; additional specimens in
the collection of Dr. Shiraki.
Eriocera fidvibasis sp. n.
General coloration black; antenna shortl mesonotal praescutum
light gray with three dark brown stripes, the median stripe broadly
split by a phrmbeous line; fernora fulvous yellow, the tips broadly

Annal,s EntomologicalSocietyof Arnerjca

68[Vol. XVI,

blackened; wings yellow, the stigma dark brown; veins broadly seamedwith paler brown; abdomen black, the lateral margins of the intermediate tergites rather narrowly bufiy fulvous.
Male-LetgLh, 17 mm.; wing, 15'4 mm'
Rostrum and palpi black. Antenne short, ending a little before thewing-root, brownish biack. Head brownish blackMesonotal praescutum light gray with three dark brown stripes,
the median stripe broadly split by a plumbeous line that ends before
tbe suture; lateral stripes crossing the suture and occupyirrg the centersof the scutal lobes; scutellum sparsely pruinose, the margin fringed with
seta; postnotum black, glabrous. Pleura black, sparsely,graY !ruinose.
Halteies short, brown, the knobs dark brown. Legs with the coxe
and trochanters bla&, sparsely gray pruinosel femora fulvous yellow,
the tips broadly blackened, this occupying approximately {he distal, fifth; iemaindei of the legs brownish bla9k. Witgt ve119w,-th9 {iqnra
darkbrown; ce1lsC and Sc more saturated; cord., outer end of cell--/sl 442,
veins R, Rs',Cu and 2nd,4 broadly sufiused with brown; veins beyond
the cord and the wing-apex more narrowly seamed with brown; veins,,dark brown. Venation: Scr ending beyond the fork of Rr4r, Sa almost.exactly opposite this fork; Rs abg-u!.ole-half lon-gertha.n Ri Rz+ashorter
than fhe-d-eflection of Raai r a little before midlength of Rz and about
Rr,'cell Mrlacking;cell lsl M2rectarrgvlar,,.twiceitslenethfromthetipof
r shorter thai vein i4r+r beyond it, but slightly longer than Ms,' basal. deflection of Cu at about one-third the length of the cell. .
.i:narro.wly but conspicuously bufiy fulvous; abdomerr rather dense.ly; pubesceit; sternites.brownish black, sparsely gray pulescent; I nano'nr',,iledian, fulvous line on sternites two and three; hypoPYgrurr black.
, Pleurites elongate, conspicuous, much longer than the slender pleUral'appendages

Type in the collection o{ the Agri. L2, 1916 (T. Isshiki).
Taihoku.
Station,cultural Experimenti
Eriocera futttibasis bears a general resemblance to E. l'ongi'' furca Alexander (Honshiu), difiering in the coloration of the.body and legs.
:

Rhaphidolabis'Osten Sacken.

Rhaphidolabis consors sP. n .
Antenne with twelve segments;generalcoloration buffy, the mesonotal praescutum with two broad, submedian broYn stripes that are
conflueat or nearly so; head gray; wings srrbhyaline,' stigma 'balefy,, indicated: abdomendark brown.
, , Rostnrm and palpi brown. $ntenne. broM, tw-e1i'e-seginented,''intemlnal segment^longerthan the penuitimate. Head gray' 'Le23lMesonotum paie buff, the praescutum with Swo broad, zubmedianionfluenfi postnoturr sparsely'i,'rtrihose.
lrt'"f at"'utoi#lupi"!aily'pruinose.
gray
Ilalteres pale,the knobs:darkbufu;'sparsely
Fleurabrown: Legs with the coxa and ttochanters pale;'remainder of lhe'lees brown.- Wings subhyaline, the stigma bareiy' indicated.;: veinb-ll
Sc1 ending some distance beyond ihi fork of
VenJtion:o"-1" bto*t,.
Rz+g; Rs gently arcuated; ,Rz*s+aabout as long as the basal deflectiorl:
oi'Cur; N very faint, lying close to the tip of Rr; celT'Mt present; celf
lst'Mz open; Marbefofe tlie basal deflection of Cul a little shorter than!
'in " u l t "". 'i. Abdomen dark brownl valves of the ovipositor horn-colored.
Hab,int: Japan (Honshiu).. Holotype, 9, Tamagawa, Saitama-Ken,November 13, 1920 (H. Machida).
I am indebted to Dr. Machida for this distinct species ofRhaphid.otabis.
Tricyphoua Zetterstedt.
Tricyphoua grandior sp. n.
Size large (wing, d, 18 mm.); head and thorax dull gray; wings
brownish yellow, the cord sea,medwith brown; abdomen dark brown,
the terminal segmentsstiil darker.
Male-Length, 18 mm.; wing, 18 mm.
Rostrum dul1 gray; palpi dark brown. Antenna very srrall, thescape dark brown; basal segments of flagellum brownish yellow, thedistal segments darkened; flagellar segments.becoming greatly crowded.
and rapifuy decreasingin sizelo the tip; only nine flagellar segmentsare
present, the terminal segment apparently formed by the fusion of two
gmal1segments. Head dull gray; on vertex behind antenne and betweenthe- eyes, a conspicuousblack, circular depression.
, pi""bt r- dl,tl gt"y, thl scutelltrm^ reddish brown. Mesonotal
praescutum dull whitish gray with three clearer gray stripes; remainderof the mesonotum dark, light gray pruinose, the postnotum blackened'
posteriorly. Pleura dark, light gray pruinose; dorso-pleural riembrarielight brown. Halteres dullyellow, the tips of the knobs a little darkened. Legs with the coxe obscureyel1ow,the basesindistinctly pruinoseq
trochanters dul1 yellow; legs comparatively stout and hairy; femora
brownish yellow, the tips conspicuously dark brown; tibie brown, thetips darker brown; tarsi dark brown. Wings with a strong brownish
yellow tinge, ce1lsC and,5c more yeilowish; central portion of the diski{earerl a brown tinge in cell R from arculus to beyond the origin of ,Rs,'
Stigma and a conspicuousseara along the cord dark brown; h and. Sct
narrowly seamed with brown; veins dark brown. Venation: Scr
ending opposite the origin of Rs; Rs angulated and spurred at origin;
rtn conrected with Rs about its length before the fork; R43 a little
about equal
longer than R3,'.R2a.bout one-half or less .R1plus 4r; rR++s
to R3, shorter thau its branches; cel1 lsl M2 closed; m a lit't'le shorter
than the petiole of cell M;basal deflection of Cu at fork of M; fusion ofMa,arrd Car extensive, longer than the basal deflection of Car alone.

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Annal,sEntomologi'calSocietyof Americo[Vol. XVI,

Abdomen with the flrst tergite obscureyellow basally, the posterior
two-thirds darkened; tergites two to four obscure brownish yellow
with a broad, i11-definedmedian stripe; remaiaing tergites dark, graypruinose; sternites similar but segments two to four without median
Male hypopygium with the pleural appendagea _shrny,obtuseit;pe.
arm that is densely set with more than a score of blackened sPines,
directed mesad, the whole structure resembling a mace, the mesal end
more pciinted; ventral margin of this appendage armed with a densebrush or comb of spinous bristles.
Eabitat: Japan (Honshiu). Holotype, d, Mt- Halruba,
Province of Shinano, Joly 20, 1918 (S. Issiki). Type irr thecollection of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Taihok'u.
Nesopeza Alexander.
Nesopeza taiwania sp. n.
General coloration dark brown, the praescutal stripes paler tha.n the
ground-color; antenne of male comparatively short; abdomen darkbrown, the hypopygium Paler.
Molr-Length, 8.5 mm.; wing, 10 mm.
Generally simiiar to N. orientalis (Brunetti), difiering as follows:
Antenna of maie much shorter, if bent backward not extending
far beyond the base of the abdomen, provided with conspicuous verticillate"sete; ln orientalis the male antenne are long, extending at' least
to the base'of the fourth abdominal segment and tlie antennafvoticals
are very small. Head shiny dark brown. Mesortotal praescrrtum
dark br6wn with three paler brown stripes, the median stripe divided
by a capillary darker line; scutal_lobes dark brown, the.mediart areaplte. Mesepisternum shiny dark .brown, the remaining ple'urites
Haltlres pale, the knobs dark brown. The legs are biol<en inb.t"t.
iess
apice:sihe typ", but Edwards describes them as having the white
extentive. \Mings suffused with darker; stigma-oval, dark biown;-Rs
leis arcuated at-origin; R4s longer than tfie basal deflec11sn sf Cur
Abdomen dark brown, the hypopygium brighter.
Habitat:Japan (Taiwan). Holotype, d, Ringaurin, Nanto,
Type in the collectiqn 6rf the
December 18, 1916 (T. Shiraki).
An zddi1;ional
iaihoku.
Station,Experiment
Agricultural

mile in the colleJtion of the British Museum (Natural Hisl;orY).
Bdward,s (Ann" Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, vol. 8, p- 106; 1921)
His materitl wasrecord.s this species from the type-locality.
provisionallyto N. sv;sntal'is.eferredwasandbadly damaged(Brunetti).
A comparison of the type of -l/. taiwania witb'
metatypes of.N. orientalis kindly sent-me by Brunetti 566vrs thetwo species to be distinct.

t923)

Alexand'er:

Japanese Crane-Fl;i'es77Pselliophora Osten SackenPselliophora vulcan sP' n.
General coloration obscure ye11ow and dark brown; rn"Fonotal.
oraescutum dark brownish blad; posterior tibie with a broad white*i"s. dark brown with a conspicuous yellow band before cordll*,abdomen-with the apex broadly blackened.
Male-Letglh, 16 mm.;wing, 12.8mm'
frontal pro-longationof'the 6ead brown,,narrowly yellowish dorso*"aiAty; pifpi pate brownish testaceous, the terminal segment darka"tdnnb with the scape obscure brownish yellow; flagellumi;;;.'
the branches browriish black. Head brown, more reddish
tto*tt,aurt
posterioilY.
brown- -F"oioi*
bro*tt, the scutellum obsorre yellow. Mesonotal
brownish-black, only the lateral margins a f,ittle paler; aoru"r*to*imall, yellow, V-shaped mark immediateiy cephalad.of the zuturel
iemainder of mesonoium dark brown. Pleffa dark brovrn, sparsely.rr;"gai"a with yeliow; dorso-ple*ral rnembrane l"llo*; a' etrongate
mark on the lateral scleriies of postnotum and the caudal portion""Uoi
Sternites dark bro#n, the dor_salmargin of the meso6i-"."pi*"torr.
between the mid.- and hind-coxe yellow. Halteres brown,sternum
the base of the stem narrowly yellow. Legs with the coxa dark brown'coxa paie; trochanters dark brown;
trre uasar maf,gln of the posterior^only the extreme bases paler; tibiee blaek,
Uto*r,=ii.fr lU"t,i*o*tiuie witir a 6toud, yellowish while ring bevond-the base,;;;#;barely indicated on the mid-tibie; tarsi black. . Wings dark
;hi.
'in;
Ca, 1stA and,qnit A more brownish gray; a broad yellow
biow";?eils
extending alrnost across the wing le_fgre the cord, including"to."bi"a;;it. a;/st Rr and tfre outer endsof cells R and M; a nalTow.erextension
foilowi along vein Cuarn cellsCar 7rrdC-uto thewing--9arCm! the proximal half of-the stigma lies in this yellow band and is much brighter
colored;indistinct pller areasas follows: cel1 C before h; the extfeme
basesoi cells R, M and,Cu; an indistinct pale crossband_aboutmidlength of cells cu and lsl, A; wing axil conspicuously-dark browu,
marginea with yellow; a1 ob-li.terative area before the cord,la;itt{e:l lst Mz. Wng-petioie flinged. with yellow hairs. Venatt"""iri"gC;ll
Mtnarrowly sessile;m-cu distinct.
tion:
Abdomen rpith the-basal'tergite brown; second tergite yellow on*ot" thutt the basal half, the apei brown; tergites three to five obscurebrown, the posteri6r margins darker; remaining tergites
t;ii;*[hone to^ six yelloy, the posterior margins darkened;
i,f""t; it"-ltes
tenrriiral sternites black. Male hypopyclum large, black, the ninth*i!h ?.very {eeplong and ry1indrical. Niirth-t€,1'gite.1arg.e"ug*""itoT"tt, theiateral lobesterminating in subacuteshiny points,
V-ihaoed.
the-vJntro-mesal sides of the lobes microscopically punctured. Fromttte r"gion of the ninth sternite there juts dorsad two conspicuous
upp"t a-"g"r, an inner, cylindrical _d*k 1o!g that is coveredwith a dense,
sfi6rt, goTdenpubescerrceand with long bristles on outer face. What is

72

Soctqtyof America
Annal,sEntomol,og,iral[Vol. XVI;

presumably the gonapophyse appears as an agute, chitinized spine withlhe base broad, the proximal face with microscopic, longitudinal,
oarallel ridees. iuttins dorsad from the notch of the ninth sternite, fromihe b.se oI tfr6 notcTr sending ventrad two connate cylindrical arrns.
Eighth sternite not projecting. Habitat: Japan(Honshin). Holotype, d,Islandof Oshima,
Tokyo-Fu, July 16, 1918 (T. Shiraki). Type in the collectionof the Agricultural Expel'iment Station, Taihoku.
Psell,iophora vulib,n is related to P. fumiplena (Walker) andP. fl,auibasis Edwards, but is very distinct from both.
Tipula Linneus.
Tipula curvicauda sp. n.
General coloration gray; mesonotal praescutum shiny black, only
sparsely pruinescent; wings brownish yellow, stigma o_val,dark brown;
abdomen yellow with tw9 sublateral brown stripes, the terrninal segments entirely brownish black; male hypopyCrummassive,subglobular;outer pleural appendagelarger than the inner, appearing as a strongly
gurved, cylindrical arm,
Mal,e-Length, 18 mm.; wing, 22 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head grayrsh pruinose; palpi and mouthparts brown. Antenne with the scapal segments light yellow, thebroken. Head dark, heavily gray pruinose.
flagellum-Pronotum
gray, narrowly yellowish medially. Mesonotum black,the praescutum only thinly dusted with gray, especially lateraily -toleave four narrow blackish stripes; scutum and postnotum more heavily
pruinose. Pleura light gray pruinose; dorso-pleural membrane lightyellow. Halteres o6scure brownish yellow. Legs with the coxa ligh!
gray, the apicesyellow; trochanters yellow; remainder of the 19gsbroken.
Wiigs witi a stiong brownish yellow tinge, the baseand celis C a-ndSc
brigfiter yellow, stigma oval, dark brown; an obliterative area before
the stignia, extendi.g from the end of cel1 R asross the base of celllsl Mz-into Ma, t?,rr:owl! intermpted by a brown cloud at rtn and thedeflectionof R4o; veins dark brown. Venation: _Rslonger-than .Rors,
but shorter than Rg,'Rapersistent;petiole of cell Mr shorter than ar,'celllst, Mz pentagonal; m:cu punctiform, at about one-third the lengthof cell lst Mz.
Abdomen with the basal tergite and proximal half of second tergite:yellow; tergites two to five yellow.with broad, dark brown, sublateralobliterate the narrow, pale,_medianvitt?; lateralitripes thaf
margins of tergites *o to sevenbroadly pale; ca-udalmargins of tergrle;
five and six more narrowly pale; eighth and ninth segmentsbrownish
black. Basal sternites yellow, the terminal segments d'ark brown.
Hypopygiurn large and conspictrous,subglobular, tilted. at an angle -to
the rerirainder o-f the abdomen. Ninth tergite massive, the caudal
margin with a very broad U-shaped notch. Outer pleural appendagp

1e23J

Alexand,er:

Jabanese Crane-Fl.ies

73

very remarkable,a long, powerful arm that is strongly cuwed before
sidlength. Eighth sterniteunarmed.
Habitat: Japan (Honshiu).' Holotype,. d, ,Karnikohti;
Province of Shinano,'July 13, 1918 (S. Issiki).. Type ini thecollection of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Taihoku.' ::Tipnla microcellulasp. n.
Generalcolorationyellowishbrown, sparselypruinose;ant'ennre
of male elongate; wings subhyaline, stigma brown; cel1 lsl M2 ver!
small, pentagonal; abdomen black, only the basal tergites paler sublaterally.
Mole-Length about 9 mm.; wing, 10.5 mm.
Frontal prolongation of the head'obscure brownish yellow, darker
above; nazus long and slbnder; palpi yellowish brown, the terrrrinal
segments dark brown. Antennae elongate,'if bent backward extending
about to the base of the third abdominal segment; scape and base of
first flagellar segment obscure yel1ow; rernainder of antenna darkbrown, the basal enlargements a little darker. Head obsfllre yellowish
brown, darker posteriorly; a capillary, median, brown vitta.
Mesonotal praescutum yellowish gray with three very indistinct
brighter brown stripes, the median stripe split by a capiilary gray vitta;
remainder of the mesonotum reddish brown, dark gray pruinose. Pleura
reddish brown, the mesepimeron more testaceous, the pleura sparsely
pminose. Halteres dark brown, the extreme base of the stem yellow.
Legs with the coxe obscure yellow, narrowly darkened basally;trochanters obscure ye119w; femora obscnre brownish yellow, the tips
darkened; tibia similar, the tips narrowly darkened; tarsi black, the'Wingsbase of the metatarsi paler.
subhyaline; stigma conspicrlous,
brown; veins brownish blad<, very narrowly and indistinctly marginedwith darker; an obliterative area before the stigma, crossing celJrlst Mz.
Venation: ,Sczending about opposite five-sixths the length of the longsector; Rc13a little more than one=half Rs,'Rz straight, both sections
in alignment, the basal section only a little shorter than the tersrinal
sectionl Rz+sand .R3in alignment; cel1 lsl M2vfi
small, pentagonal, thefirst and second sections of M421ong, the second section of Ma+.cstill
longer; mand the first section of. Msa short; cells Mu ?nil Mzand Mr
very deep; m-cu panctiforrn; cell ?nd.,4. moderately wide.
Abdomen brownish black, the five basal tergites with a faintly
indicated paler subllteral stripe; hypopygium black. Male hypopygrurir
small. Ninth tergite entirely separate from the sternite, the pleurite
incompletely cut ofi from the sternite by a long dorsal. and a shorberventral suture. Ninth tergite black with a very deep U-shaped notch, .
the base of which is occupied by a slightly 1ower, shiny shelf; lateral.lobes rather rrarrow, the tips obtuse. Ninth pieurite triangular, theapex produced caudad into a conical lobe; outer pleural appendage
cylindrical with elongate bristles.
Ninth sternite with a very;deep,
parallel-sided incision. Eighth sternite unar:ned.

74

Annals Entomologicat,Societyof Ame)icit.

[Vol. XVI,

Habitat: Japan (Taiwan). Holotype, d, Fuokiko, altitude
about 6,000 feet, April 25, 1917 (T. Shiraki). Type in the
coilection of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Taihoku.
In its venation, T. microcellula resernbles the African Z.
d.olichopezozdesAlexander.
Tipula edwardsella nom. n.
New name for Tipula fl.avicosta Edwards, Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist., ser. 9, vol. 8, pp. 106, 107; 1921; preoccupied by I.
fl,aaicostaAl.exander, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 49, pp. 187,
188;1915.
Mr. Edwards has suggested that I rename his species
which was found to be preoccupied. It is with pleasure fhat'
this handsome crane-fly is dedicated to Mr. Edwards in appreciation of his criticai studies on the Tipulide of Taiwan.
Tipula edwardsella belongs to the mutil'a group, a Palearctic
aggregation that is now known to include the following speoes:
T. 'mutil,a Wahlgren (N. Europe), T. flavocostal'is .Pvlexander(Japan, Honshiu to Karafuto), f. percara Alexander (China,
Kwei-chow) and the present species, which ib only known fromthe highest mountains of Taiwan (altitude 10,000 feet).
Tipulodina Enderlein.
Tipulodina nipponica sp. n.
General coloration brownish plumbeous; femora without a pale
subterminal ring; fore tibia with one white ring, posterior tibia with
two white rings; metatarsi with more than basal half black; vnngs
yellowish subhyaline vrith a heavy brown pattern.
Femole-Length to baseof ovipositor, 25 mm.; wing, 19.5mm.
Frontal prolongationof the headlight gray; nasusand palpi brownish
black. Antenne with first scapal segment iight yellow, the tip faintly
darkened; second segment brownish yellowl flagellum black. I{eadsilvery gray in front, passing into dull gray on the vertex.
Mesonotal praescutum light brownish gray with three very broad,dark brownish plumbeous stripes, the broad median stripe divided by 1
capillary, dark brown line; remainder of mesonotum dark brownish
phrmbeous. Pleura light silvery gray, the dorso-pleural mernbranelight yellow. Halteres brown. Legs with the coxe light gray pruinose;
trbchinters yellow; fernora obscure-yellow, the tips broadly blackened,narrowest on fore iegs, broadest on posterior legs; no pale suflsrninal
ring on femoral tibia dark btown, fore tibia with a rather narrow(3.5 mm.) white ring before the subequalblack tip; middle legsbroken;
posterior tibia wifh two white rings, a narrower ring (3 mm.)

19231

Alexond,er:

Japanese Crane"Fliei'

75

yrg.before the'narrrrw
immediately beyond the base,a broader.(5.ryn')
anproxiglte-11
tana-ue1nr
urict(3 mm.) black tips, d; ffi;;"di;;"(8
metatarsr
tt tn" t*" *trite bandscombined mm.);(hindffi,I i;legs)'
half
ttti"
*o""
Ggt) !:"*i""tfrom three-;fi.'tffi*hite withlibtlcsegment
terminal
the1
black; remainder "f #;;{;,
brown;""i;withmarkedheaviiv
darkened. Wings y"fi;th';;;Lvatne'
seamalong the cord'
Ut"**;
cell .Scand the ,tig*;"a;kand".tt"*""
cellsRz,-Rs,-rRrininternrptedat the a"il"#'rr.^ot'Al*r; wing-1ip
end
outer
along
seam
6ttH
the distal half of M, i;;;;;*t;fii""a
cu'
and'
cu
or
the basaldeflection;i i';;f;il",t;G;;id;d";fr;"dropletin the baseof cellcu'
aknostfilling cellc"r;?Ht1l,.';;tili+t: c*-"ialil A' exceptthe base';;i1-.lljlitt
theinand anotherwith brown;
seamedMz
1st";;f
9"tt litt1e shorter than R*sicloudedwith brown;;;# iJiftlttV;ti;-'n",9n1y."veins dark brown.
Mr shorterthan m; cell,0nil/' very narrow'olii"r"- Abdominal"i ""U tergites?ark b'ofu, th" gaud'a!ma-rggso{.ihe segments
broadlv' brifv. rellow; sternites
very narrowly,tt " tttiiJ;;tsil;t;te; ovipositot."g*""t dark-ened
moie'niforrrly rrrv'i"ii#li;;"t*j""1-b';k",,Gt;,,,ib".".

Holotype' 9 'J.aba.kei' August
Habitat: Japan (Seikaido)'t"i;;;
coflLction of the Agriculturalr
the(f. Srriri*i.
6,
Station, Taihoku''f,i8
Experiment
Tipulorlina

brunettiellasP. n'

iped'ota
The specimendetermined by Brunetti as Tiput'od'inaFauna
description;
272;-1918'
rS, pt. 5,;'(n""-ina. Mus.,"of.
Pl' 5, fig' 4; L9l?'.fsgre) is
Dipt--N"*"io"";;India,
Brit.
form
not tiis .peaes a1d rgprgsents an undescribed;;;;;itdescribed
allfrom
It is distinguishedwhich is named ..
"f,o""'
black costal ce1l' Brunetti further
ihe
Uy
g"to.
the
of
specieshaving only the fore femora with acharacteizes the ;it;tthe fore'broad',/ale apical rlng "od th" basal half of..a"i"i"fv
Brunetti
black.
tu.uitfrlra of the hlnd metatarsi
metatarsi
it lacks"oa
has determi""a tytit tp""i"' "' being !edat1" -lkh:lgh.
'Wiedemann'sM'
the brown biotcfrt"e"ft mid-length oi cell
have no doubt but
description is very a"tt o" this point and I
Mus'' vo1' 49' pp'
tnut ttt" speciesearlier (Proc' U' S' Nat'as ped'ata by the writer really
183-185; 1915) .iJ"t-i""aperbainsto the sPecies.
Tipulodina taiwanica sP. n'
fernora with a paie
Related to T. nagnicornis Ender|einl oosterior ring' subtersrinal
white
zubterminal ,iog; pJ.1*it iiuit #ttt.a'single
witt' the pleural appendagesnot coniil&;si"m;ft;;;;tfi;;;spicuouslYProjecting.

7S

Annals Entomological,,saciety
o!.Ayleriio, ' [Vol. XVI,

. . Mole-Length about 28 mm.; wing, 22 rrrrn' Fro-ntal prolongation of the head brbwn, narrowly darker dorso-'*taianl; palpi dark brown. Antenne much longer than in T. ped,ota;,
if begt backward extending-nearly to. the base-of the halterei; fusd
sry_patsegment obscure yellow; rlmainder of antenaa black. Headfront and anterior part of the vertex light yellow; remainde'i
Ttl,t!"
o{ ltr head brown, the median Ljnenarrowly dar}er,-the.inner margin.
oJ the eyesnarrowly paler.
, Mesimotal npeictrtgm obscure brownish yellow with three bromr,
stripes,. the median stripe narrow, the lateral margins fadiirs into ra
pafer bpwn; Ibtggl stripes broad but ill-defined; r6m.indet 6f mesoqotum brown with a da.rker capiilary brown median line, the latera.lmargins paler. Pleura pale yellow, the lateral sderites of the postnoturn
befor.ethe halteres with a broqn margin. Halteres dark brobn. Legs
Int thl coxa_pale, the posterior coib with a large browa basal spot;;trochanters ye119w1
legs broken except one postelior leg; in this^thd
femora have a distinct pale subtenninal ring foflowed by the subequal}:ajk ape.x;tibie with bng the sgbtermina_iwhite ring, thi ;;b;d;ijut.
(3.7.mm.)to the black tips; tarsi broken beyond ba6. Wings
hyaline; cgll Sc and the stigma dark brown; a tiny brown cloud af odgi:nof Bs and a broad seam along the cord, intermpted on the balalde{ection of M+zi Cuz and the deflection of.Ch conspicuouslvseamed.
wit! lrowq; a conspicuous brown seam in the outer end of cell .filr
and the distal half of lRs. Venation: Almost as T. napnicornii
End_erlein(Sumatra);petiole of cellMr shorter than m; basal deflection
of. Cu1at about one-fourth the lepgth of the cell.
Abdomen reddish brown, the Sasesof the tersites narrowlv moreyellowish. Male hypopyCtum very difierent in-structure frtm ?.
ped,glaor ,7. magnicornis;shiny reddish, short-cylindrical, tilted at anangle_to_thereenainderof th'e abdomen. Ninth tergite very broad andtumid, the caudal margin with a very shallow emar-ginatioi tnai bears
two widely separated [nobs that aie clothed with d-enseshort bristres.
fergite and pleurite fused; pleural appendagenot projecting beyond
the g.enttal chamber, a cornplex flattened blade with the posterior
margTr shiny and heayily blackened; ventral pleural suture iong andstraight._ Ninlh sternite tumid, with a profouad and very narrow
V-{up"a median notch. Eighth sternite not conspicrrouslyproduced
caudad.
Habitat: Japan (Taiwan). Holotype, d, Shinchiku, July
1-30, 1918 (J. Sonan and K. Miyake). Type in the collectionof the Agricultural Experiment Station, Taihoku.