JCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03
Joint Crediting Mechanism Approved Methodology TH_AM016“Introduction of high energy efficient and high colour rendering LED downlight/spotlightin indoor facilities”

A. Title of the methodology
Introduction of high energy efficient and high colour rendering LED downlight/spotlight inindoor facilities, Version 01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

LED light

LED light is a lighting fixture using a light-emitting diode(LED), a semiconductor device that emits visible light when
an electric voltage is applied in the forward direction.

Luminous flux

Luminous flux is the measure of the perceived power of thetotal amount of light energy radiated from a light source in acertain direction. The SI unit of luminous flux is the lumen(lm).

Luminous efficiency

Luminous efficiency is the capacity of light flux per watt,
which is calculated with the formula below.
Luminous efficiency [lm/W] = Luminous flux [lm] ÷ Rated
power consumption [W]Colour rendering index (CRI)

CRI is an index used to quantitatively measure light source’s
ability to render the true colours of the object compared to anatural light source. The index is measured from 0 to 100,with a perfect 100 indicating that colours under the lightsource appear the same as they would under natural sunlight.

Downlight/Spotlight

Downlight is downward lighting directly embedded inceiling. Spotlight is downward lighting attached to ceilingmounted wiring ducts.

C. Summary of the methodology1

JCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03
Items
GHG

emission

Summary
reduction This methodology applies to the project that aims for saving

measuresenergy by introducing LED downlight/spotlight in indoor
facilities where high performance in colour rendering property
is required.

Calculationofreference Reference emissions are GHG emissions from using reference

emissionslighting, calculated with power consumption of project lighting,ratio of luminous efficiency of project/reference lighting andCO2 emission factor for consumed electricity.

Calculationof

project Project emissions are GHG emissions from using projectemissionslighting, calculated with power consumption of project lighting
and CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity.

Monitoring parameters

Total power consumption of project lighting and/or opening
days of facilities where project lighting is installed

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

LED lighting is installed in indoor facilities.

Criterion 2

The installed LED lighting is a downlight or spotlight type LED whose colour
rendering index is equal to or higher than 85, and luminous efficiency is equal
to or higher than the corresponding threshold value set in the table below.
Rated power consumption [W]
Luminous efficiency of reference
lighting [lm/W]

0≤x<40x≥40

73.6

78.0

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Power consumption by reference lighting

CO2Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types2

JCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03
Power consumption by project lighting

CO2

F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
Reference emissions are calculated with power consumption of project lighting, ratio ofluminous efficiency of project/reference lighting and CO2 emission factor for consumedelectricity.
The luminous efficiency of reference lighting is conservatively set ex ante in the following
manner to ensure the net emission reductions.
1. In Thailand, conventional High Intensity Discharge (HID) lighting is commonlychosen as lighting equipment in case that high performance in colour rendering
property is required. However, LED lighting, which is more efficient than HID
lighting, is adopted as reference lighting in this methodology for conservativeness.
2. The average luminous efficiency value of LED downlight/spotlight commerciallyavailable in the global market is defined as ηRE in each rated power consumptionrange, as described in Section I.
F.2. Calculation of reference emissions

𝑹𝑬𝒑 = ∑ (𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋,𝒑 ×𝒊,𝒋

𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋𝑹𝑬,𝒊,𝒋) × 𝑬𝑭𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄,𝒊REp: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

i: Identification number of the facility

j: Identification number of the group of project lighting of the same model

ECPJ,i,j,p: Power consumption of project lighting for group j in the facility i during theperiod p [MWh/p]ηPJ,i,j: Luminous efficiency per unit of project lighting for group j in the facility i[lm/W]

ηRE,i,j: Luminous efficiency per unit of reference lighting for group j in the facility i[lm/W]

EFelec,i: CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity in the facility i [tCO2/MWh]

ECPJ,i,j,p is calculated as described below (Option 1 or 2).
- Option 1. If total power consumption of project lighting is measured for the facility i,3

JCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03

𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋,𝒑 = 𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍,𝒑 ×

𝑷𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝒏𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋
𝑷𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍

𝑷𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒕𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 = ∑(𝑷𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝒏𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋 )𝒋ECPJ,i,total,p : Total power consumption of project lighting in the facility i during the period
p [MWh/p]
PPJ,i,total: Total rated power consumption in the facility i [W]

PPJ,i,j: Rated power consumption per unit of project lighting for group j in the facilityi [W]nPJ,i,j: Number of the unit of project lighting for group j in the facility i- Option 2. Otherwise,

𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋,𝒑 = 𝑷𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝒏𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟔 × 𝒉𝒊 × 𝑫𝒊,𝒑hi: Daily opening hours of the facility i [hour/day]

Di,p: Opening days of the facility i during the period p [day/p]

G. Calculation of project emissions

𝑷𝑬𝒑 = ∑ 𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒋,𝒑 × 𝑬𝑭𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄,𝒊𝒊,𝒋PEp: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

ECPJ,i,j,p: Power consumption of project lighting for group j in the facility i during theperiod p [MWh/p]

EFelec,i: CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity in the facility i [tCO2/MWh]

H. Calculation of emissions reductions

𝑬𝑹𝒑 = 𝑹𝑬𝒑 − 𝑷𝑬𝒑
ERp: Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]

REp: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

PEp: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
4

JCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03
Parameter
EFelec,i

Description of data

SourceCO2 emission factor for consumed electricity Case 1)[Grid electricity]in the facility i [tCO2/MWh].

The

mostWhen project LED consumes only 1) grid available

atrecentvalue

theoftimeelectricity, 2) captive electricity or 3) validation is applied and fixed
electricity directly supplied from other for the monitoring period
sources (e.g. independent power producer thereafter. The data is sourced(IPP), small power producer (SPP) and very from “Grid Emission Factor
small power producer (VSPP)) to the project (GEF) of Thailand”, endorsed
site, the project participant applies the CO2 by Thailand Greenhouse Gas
emission factor respectively.

Management

Organization

When project LED may consume electricity unless otherwise instructed bysupplied from more than 1 electric source, the the Joint Committee.
project participant applies the CO2 emission
factor with the lowest value.

Case 2)[Captive electricity including[CO2 emission factor]

cogeneration system]

Case 1) Grid electricity

For the option a)

The most recent value available from the Specification of the captive
source stated in this table at the time of power
validation

generation

systemconnected to the facility i,provided by the manufacturer

Case 2) Captive electricity including(ηcap,i [%]).

cogeneration system

CO2 emission factor of the fuel𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖 is determined based on the following consumedby

thecaptive

generation

systemoptions:

powera) Calculated from its power generation

connected to the facility iefficiency (ηcap,i [%]) obtained from(EFfuel,cap.i [tCO2/GJ]) in ordermanufacturer’s specificationof preference:

The power generation efficiency based on 1) values provided by the fuellower heating value (LHV) of the captive supplier;powergeneration

systemfrom

manufacturer’s specification is applied;𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖 = 3.6 ×100
× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖𝜂𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖the 2) measurement by the project
participants;
3) regional or national default
values;4)

5IPCC

default

valuesJCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03b) Calculated from measured data

provided in table 1.4 of Ch.1

The power generation efficiency calculated Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC Guidelines
from monitored data of the amount of fuel on National GHG Inventories.
input for power generation (𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝 ) and the Lower value is appliedamount of electricity generated (𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝 ) in
the facility i during the period p is applied. For the option b)
The measurement is conducted with the Generated

andsuppliedmonitoring equipment to which calibration electricity by the captive power
certificate is issued by an entity accredited generation system connectedunder national/international standards;

to the facility i (EGcap,i,p[MWh/p]).

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖 = 𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝 × 𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 ×

1
𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝Where:
𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖Fuel amount consumed by thecaptive

power

generation

systemconnected

tothe(FCcap,i,p[massor: Net calorific value of facility

consumed fuel [GJ/mass or volume]

volume/p]).
Net calorific value (NCVfuel,cap,iNote:[GJ/mass or volume ]) and CO2

In case the captive electricity generation emission factor of the fuelsystem meets all of the following conditions, (EFfuel,cap,i [tCO2/GJ]) in orderthe value in the following table may be of preference:
applied to𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖depending on the 1) values provided by the fuelconsumed fuel type.

supplier;・ The system is non-renewable generation 2) measurement by the projectsystemparticipants;

・ Electricity generation capacity of the 3) regional or national default
system is less than or equal to 15 MW

values;4)

Fuel type

Dieselfuel

Natural gas

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖0.8 *1

0.46 *2

IPCC

default

valuesprovided in tables 1.2 and 1.4
of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC
Guidelines on National GHG*1 The most recent value at the time of Inventories. Lower value isvalidation is applied.

applied.

*2 The value is calculated with the equationin the option a) above. The lower value of [Captive electricity with diesel
default effective CO2 emission factor for fuel]natural gas (0.0543tCO2/GJ), and the most CDM approved small scale6

JCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03
efficient value of default efficiency for off- methodology: AMS-I.A.
grid gas turbine systems (42%) are applied.
[Captiveelectricitywith

Case 3) Electricity directly supplied fromnatural gas]other sources including cogeneration

2006 IPCC Guidelines onsystem

National GHG Inventories for𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖 is determined based on the following the source of EF of natural gas.
options:

CDM

Methodologicala) The value provided by the SPP with the "Determining

theevidence;

thermalefficiencyb) The value calculated in the same manner electricofenergy

toolbaselineorgeneration

for the option a) of 2) captive electricity as systems version02.0" for theinstructed above;

default efficiency for off-gridc) The value calculated in the same manner power plants.
for the option b) of 2) captive electricity as
instructed above;

Case 3)

When project LED may consume electricity [Electricity directly supplied
supplied from more than 1 electric source, the from other sources including
project participant applies the CO2 emission cogeneration system]
factor with the lowest value.

For option a)Theevidence

stating

information relevant to thevalue of emission factor (e.g.
data of power generation, typeof power plant, type of fossil
fuel, period of time).
Luminous efficiency per unit of project Information
ηPJ,i,jlighting for group j in the facility i [lm/W].

preparedbymanufacturer (e.g. catalogs,specifications, or quotations)

Luminous efficiency per unit of reference Value derived from the result
lighting for group j in the facility i [lm/W].

of survey. The default value
should be revised, if necessary.

ηRE,i,jThe default values for reference luminous
efficiency are set in the table below,
corresponding

totherated

consumption of project lighting.

7power

JCM_TH_AM016_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03Rated power

Reference

consumption [W]luminous
efficiency [lm/W]

PPJ,i,j0  x < 4073.6x  4078.0

Rated power consumption per unit of project

Information

lighting for group j in the facility i [W].

manufacturer (e.g. catalogs,preparedbyspecifications, or quotations)

nPJ,i,jNumber of the unit of project lighting for

Informationgroup j in the facility i.

project participant (e.g. ledger,inventory

preparedorbymanagement

record etc.)
Daily opening hours of the facility iInformation on the facility[hour/day].

whereproject

installed.

hiWhen the facility has more than one patternof opening hours, the shortest one is applied
conservatively.

History of the document
Version01.0

Date
17 June 2022

Contents revisedElectronic decision by the Joint Committee
Initial approval.

8lightingis