The 17th AIM International Workshop
February 17-19, 2012@Ohyama Memorial Hall, NIES, JapanLocal Adaptation
to Climate Change in Korea
Building Adaptation Capacity of Local Authorities in Korea
2012-2-18
Huicheul JUNG*, Seong-Woo JEONContents

1Introduction

2

Framework for CC adaptation in Korea

3

Developing local adaptation plan (LAP)

4

Consulting programs for LAP

5

Next steps for adapting in climate change
2

I. Introduction

1. Backgrounds• There are definite evidence of climate change and its impacts in every related
sector in Korea- Temperature increase of 6 major cities are 1.7℃ in 100yr- Annual precipitation of 6 major cities are 19% increase in 100yr- Rainfall intensity is doubled than 1970s- Sea level rise about 8cm in the past 43yr
• Estimates on the impact costs of climate change is about 2.7 trillions KRW in2100yr (MOE, 2011) (1US dollar=1,150 KRW)
• In 2010, Korea established the “National Adaptation Strategy andFramework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth” and started to cooperateand communicate with local governments in adaption• In 2011, local governments started establish their own adaptation plan andnow they are in progress3

I. Introduction

2. Objectives of LAP

Definition of Local Adaptation Plan (LAP) is

A practical and proactive plan in order to help local
governments improve their resiliency to climate change impact• Objectives of LAP is….
 Strategies for adapting in changing climate for local governments withconsidering their own situation
 Actions for practical implementation
 Chains for linking national adaptation strategies with local level
 Process for building adaptation capacity
 Measures for developing adaptation awareness and involving variousstakeholders

4II. Framework for CCA in Korea

1. Adaptation Policy• “Framework Act on Low Carbon, GreenGrowth” and enforcement ordinance enters
into effect on April 14, 2010
• Plans that directly related to CCA are Green
Growth Five-year Action Plan, Basic Plan
for Coping with Climate Change, National
Climate CCA Master Plan
[law]

Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth (April, 2010)
National Strategy for
LCGG('09~'50)

Green Growth Five-year
Implementation Plan('09~’13)

Ministry/Local Government
GG Implementation Plan

Basic Plan for Coping withClimate Change

National Strategy
National CCA MasterPlan('11~'15)[Host]

NationalAction Plan and Local Strategy
Ministry/Local Government
Implementation Plan

Central / Local

Climate Change Adaptation Policy Framework in Korea (KEI, 2010)5

II. Framework for CCA in Korea

2. Facilitating factors for LAP• Introduce Top-down Approach to cope with Climate Change Korea composed a National government adaptation committee(NAS) with 13
ministries to implement the National Adaptation Strategy
 Ministry of Environment(MOE) is in charge of the NAS and supporting local
governments• Build up Ground for Adaptation : Policy and Budget
 In August, 2010, Korea has established the “National Climate Change Adaptation
Master Plan(NCCAMP)” by “Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth” andset up the committee to implement the NCCAMP successfully In 2011, MOE allocated about 4billon(US$) in supporting local government adaptationplan• Establish a National Task Force Center for Adaptation- MOE launched a national task force for climate change adaptation , Korea Adaptation
Center for Climate Change(KACCC) in 1st July 2009 at KEI- MOE and KACCC are working closely to support successful local adaptation plan6

II. Framework for CCA in Korea 3. Preparing for LAP in national level
Central government launched supporting programs for LAP with KACCC in2010• Systematic and various supporting programs that helps local governments toenhance their adaptation knowledge and build adaptation capacity• Supporting programs are divided into 3 categories and now is in 2nd phase

Guiding & Consulting

Informing

Communicating

To help local governments prepare for climate change by recommending easy-to
understand preparedness based on resources, tools, examples and communication
Phase 1(2010)• LAP Guideline• LAP Pilot studies• Inventory of adaptation
policy options (national)• Workshops, seminars• Online community : website

Phase 2(2011)• LAP Consultation• Impact and risk assessment
manual for adaptation• Climate change projection• Risk assessment• Updating inventory (localand other nations)• Workshops, seminars, expertforum• Online community : website

Supporting programs for LAP by National government

7

II. Framework for CCA in Korea 3. Preparing for LAP in national levelTwo-pilot projects(2010), showing what is LAP• Example of adaptation planning in local level- Seoul metropolitan city Adaptation Plan - Health and Hazards- Incheon metropolis – Coastal and Sea• To develop a adaptation planning guideline for local governments
Current state analysis andFuture climate projection
Selected key impact andvulnerable sector to climate change
Impact and vulnerability
assessment by each 2-sector
Selected vulnerable area andvulnerable class to future climate<50-year flood><200-year flood>

50-yrs & 200-yrs Flood Vulnerability Map in Seoul

Establishment of climate change
adaptation action plan

Process of Adaptation Planning

8II. Framework for CCA in Korea 3. Preparing for LAP in national level
Guideline for developing LAP• By updating 2009 guideline with experience of 2 pilot studies,
local authorities can establish more realistic and efficient
adaptation plan• Guidebook begins with introduction(ch1), LAP related concepts
and definitions (ch2&3), LAP process and methods(ch4), eachsector planning methods(ch5)
Set study objectives

Review 15 guidelines
and case studies

Analyze current
conditions and issues

Set directions and purpose of guideline
Draw composition and contents
Draw-up draft guideline & manual
Design usage and updating guideline

2010 LAP guideline

Developing LAP Guideline 20109II. Framework for CCA in Korea 3. Preparing for LAP in national level
Sharing adaptation knowledge and communicating with stakeholders• Hold meetings, workshops, seminars to share knowledge,know-how with experts, national/local governors and citizens- Share knowledge from who already experienced LAP- Find issues in preparing and planning LAP by communicating withlocal governments with national• Bring out adaptation issues by publishing news letters2011 WS for LAP

News letters for the publics

10III. Developing Local Adaptation Plan

1. Overall approach

National government draw picture of how to manage LAP• Local government promoted LAP with national government(MOE) and relatedorganizations-Korea Meteorological Administration(KMA), National Institute of Environmental
Research(NIER), Korea Adaptation Center for Climate Change(KACCC)

Framework Act on Low Carbon and Green Growth
National Adaptation Strategy
Local Adaptation Plan
Departmental Adaptation Plan

National Climate Change
Projection Scenario (KMA)
Climate Change Impact andVulnerability Assessment
methods and results (NIER)LAP
Guideline&Consulting(MOE &KACCC)

Developing &Implementing LAP(Local government)

LAP system in Korea and related organizations

11III. Developing Local Adaptation Plan

2. Principles in developing LAP

There are 5 principles in developing LAP• Integration of Policy- Adaptation is based on various sectors therefore locals should consider the linkage
between related sectors- Adaptation policy is not a new one so locals should firstly find-out what adaptation policy
they have nowadays• Double-sidedness of Climate Change- Impacts of climate change has both negative and positive sides• Participation of Stakeholders- Adaptation is related to various sectors stakeholders therefore communicating withstakeholders while developing LAP directly connected to successful implementation ofLAP• Focusing on Local Issues• Feedback mechanism of Adaptation Planning- Locals should aware uncertainty of climate change therefore monitoring and assessment
must be take account into adaptation plan12

III. Developing Local Adaptation Plan

3. LAP Procedure

LAP Guidebook suggests 5 step LAP development procedure and operates
feedback system that lowers uncertainty of climate change• Step 1 : Prepare the Ground and Order Research Project- Attract mayors interest- Find the best institute who knows the regional issues well• Step 2 : Build Task Force Team for LAP- Consist of officials and stakeholders act as an advisory group• Step 3 : Develop LAP- Analyze climate change from past to present and Predict future climate change- Review previous studies and gather related information- Assess impact and vulnerability of the region- Set the strategic direction and goals- Plan adaptation options• Step 4 : Publish and Notify LAP- Set draft LAP- Public hearing and communicating with stakeholders• Step 5 : Implement LAP with Monitoring and Assessment

13III. Developing Local Adaptation Plan

4. LAP ContentsLAP diagnosis current status and predict future situation and contains
appropriate solutions for locals to adapt in changing climate• Indentify planning areas relevant to climate change• Scientific overview of climate change and its impacts• Survey recognition and overall conditions for adaptation• Scope the climate change impacts to local major sectors• A climate change vulnerability assessment• Overall strategic direction and sector goals• Potential adaptation actions and prioritize actions by sector

14IV. Consulting Programs for LAP

1. Objectives and principles

KACCC launched advisory group to support developing LAP and promotelocal authorities to build their adaptation capacity• While advisory groups progress consulting they should keep in mind that…
 Consider LAP purpose
 Consider local’s own situation
 Consider subjects are professional or not, and accurate or not Consider the connectivity of each adaptation sector
 Consider the linkage between LAP with national adaptation strategy
 Consider feasibility of LAP

15

IV. Consulting Programs for LAP

2. Organization

40 specialists in each 10 sector, a wide range of adaptation sector, are inadvisory group• Specialists in various adaptation sector are participated in LAP Advisorygroup• Advisory group specialists are in academic, business area in each 10 sector- Sector divides into health, disaster, agriculture, forestry, marine and fisheries, water,ecology, climate, industry and energy, education and public relations, as same asnational adaptation strategy sector specific• Advisory group consults local authorities and planning organizations by Holding teleconference, workshops, written paper and direct visiting
 Cooperating with related internal, international, intergovernmental organizationsand NGOs
 Publishing guidelines andsupply related information

16

IV. Consulting Programs for LAP

3. Advisory Steps

Consulting steps are closely linked with LAP procedure• Step 1 : Prepare the Ground- Organize advisory group and set-up objectives, direction, systems etc.
• Step 2 : Guiding overall adaptation planning procedure and methods- Related concepts and definitions- Overall LAP procedures and systems• Step 3 : Carry out sector specific / step-by step advise- Climate analysis and prediction- Impact and vulnerability assessment- adaptation options• Step 4 : Synthesize monitoring results and assess LAP• Overall Step : Monitoring17

V. Next Steps for Adapting in Changing Climate• Local authorities are still in progress of developing their own adaptation plan
- Vulnerability assessment results provided in September, 2011
- Every 16 locals host interim report in October and November• 1st adaptation plan in local level will be finished in February, 2012 and after
this local governments are going to start implementing adaption programs• Consultation on developing LAP would be changed into supporting local
authorities to implement their adaptation programs• KACCC supporting program is in phase 3 when 2012
- Update guidebook with using LAP results- Operate online information sharing system( adaptation policy inventory tool kit)

- Monitoring progress of LAP and assessing LAP18

Thank you for your attention