DEVELOPING ACTIONS FORLOW CARBON CITIES IN MALAYSIATHE CASE OF GREEN HOME PENETRATION IN CITIESHO CHIN SIONGCHAU LOON WAI
JANICE J SIMSON
31 October 2008
NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

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WHY GREEN HOMES?
Green homes penetration rate in Malaysia estimated at:< 2% !!!
= 75%

An iimportantAt t sector
t tto contributet ib t tot LCS;LCS potential
t ti l tot
increase penetration rate to:by 2050

What constraints / barriers will we likely face?
What options are available to us for overcoming theconstraints / barriers?
NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson2http://www.independent.co.uk/multimedia/archive/00017/ecohome_17711a.jpg

FUTURE OBJECTIVES

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Increase percentage of penetrationof renewable energy (RE) inM lMalaysiani homeshEnhance energy efficiency(EE) level of Malaysian
homes

http://img
g.thisismoney.co.uk
k/i/pix/2007/06/GreeenHouse_477x610..jpg

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Develop expertise & skills
in RE & EE Technologies
among built environment
professionals

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

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Inndirect“Ennabling”
Options
O

Diirect Energgy Saving Options

GREEN
HOMES

ASPECTS
Renewable Energy (RE)- Solar PV- Solar Heating (Water)

Energy Efficiency (EE)
- High Efficiency Appliances- Smart/automated Systems- Technology / LabelingGreen/Eco- Architecture- Green/Eco- Design (PassiveCooling/Heating, Shading)- Construction
Ct ti M
Materials
t i l (Insulation)(Il ti )- Site Design (Building Siting,Orientation; Lighting & Ventilation)

P li i & Regulations
Policies
Rl ti- Standards, Design Specifications- City Planning Level- Building Level- Green Targets; Incentives; Taxation

STAKEHOLDERS
Demand Side

Supply Side
Energy Provider
Government (Policies)
Developers

Home Owners

Manufacturers
Government (Policies)
Monitoring/Enforcing
Agencies

Home Owners

Planners, Architects
Government (Policies)
Developers

Home Owners

Government (Policies& Enforcement)
Planners, Architects

Developers
Home Owners

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

4Increase Penetration ofGreen Homes in Cities
High Capital Costs of EE & RE
T h l i inTechnologies
i HHomes(E.g. Solar PV, Solar Heating)

Lack of Interest, Low Environmental
Awareness among the Public

Government Subsidies &Taxation

Generall EdGEducationi to theh Public
P bli
E.g. Formalisation ofAwareness into the National
Education SystemySlide 6
Lack of Awareness,
Awareness Knowledge &Expertise among Designers, Regulators

Professional Education & Training toBlt. Env. Professions through
University Education andIncorporation into Continuous
Professional Development (CPD)() toRelated Professions (Architects,Planners, Engineers etc.)

Slide 7

Slide 8Absence of Institutional Enforcement in Energy Efficiency(E.g. EE Auditing & Labeling, Standardisation)

Set up EE Auditing, Monitoring,
Enforcement Agency

Slide 9

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

5Increase Penetration ofGreen Homes in Cities
High Capital Costs of RE & EE Technologies in Homes

Initiate & Develop Affordable
Homegrown Technologies &Materials in EE & RE

Government Subsidies , Incentives & Taxation
Limited Government Funding

Lack of Local Expertise &Critical Mass I Economies

Public–Private
Joint Venture

Commission R&D on EE &RE Technologies,
gMaterials& Equipments by Local
Scientists; Establish
International ResearchPartnerships; Promote
Technological Transfer

Project Feasibility/ Viabilityy

Introduce Polluters Pay Principles(PPP) whereh
non‐RE/EE
RE/EE hhomes payhigher electricity tariff that offsets
lower tariff for RE/EE homes
Economic Constraints & Political Acceptance?

Research /Studies on Energy
Demand &Consumption
Trends; FutureHousehold Profile

Research / Studies on Economics &Efficiency of Low Carbon Energy
Sources; Benefit‐Cost Analysis;
Establish Simplified Evaluation
Method for Environmental Efficiencyyof Green Homes

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

6Increase Penetration ofGreen Homes in Cities
Lack of Awareness,, Knowledge
g & Expertisepamongg Designers,g, Regulators
gin
Green Home Economics, Design, Delivery, Co‐benefits etc.

Introduce Professional Education &T i i to Blt.
Training
Bl Env.
E Professions
P f ithrough University Education;
Ongoing Syllabus Review

Provide (Re)Training; Encourage
Continuous Learning on LCS; Organise
Seminars/Workshops

Institutional Inertia; Resistance to New Ideas; Lack of Motivation (Market, Incentives)

Institutionalisation ofContinuous Professional
Development (CPD) as
Incentives to Continuous
Learning in LCS

Disseminate
Diagnosis for Energy
Saving & CO2
Reduction Efficiency
to Professionals

Introduce LCS‐Supportive
Planning Control throughExpediting Planning Approval &Building Plan Approval of Low‐
Carbon Green Homes Proposal;
Introduce ‘EE‐RE Impact
Assessment’ in Project Approval

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

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Increase Penetration ofGreen Homes in Cities
Lack of Interest, Low Environmental Awareness among the PublicFormalisation of Awareness &Environmental Concern into the
National Education System

Lack of Knowledge on LCS among Teachers;
Absence of the LCS Subject from Syllabus

Provide Training & Guidelines on LCS
to Teachers & the Ministry ofEducation; Ongoing Review of Primary& High School Syllabi

General Education to Instill Awareness& Environmental Concern in the
General Public through Mass Media;
Public Campaigns; NGO Activities
Lack of Public Funding on Campaigns & NGO
Activities related to LCS; Failure to See
Tangible Benefits of Participating

Disseminate Benefits of Energy Saving &CO2 Reduction Efficiency throughFormalo a Meansea s (LA21);(); Environmentalo e taNGO Activities; Mass Media

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

8Increase Penetration ofGreen Homes in Cities
Absence of Institutional Enforcement in Energy Efficiency(E.g. EE Auditing & Labeling, Standardisation)

Set up EE Auditing, Monitoring,
Enforcement Agency
Lack of Context‐base Knowledge &Absence of Local Database on EE & RE
Efficiency & Their Ratings

Commission Research on EE & RE
Evaluation and Rating Methods;
Construct National and Local LevelDatabases on EE & RE

Absence of Legal Framework for
M it i & Enforcement
Monitoring
E ft

Beef Up Existing Parliamentary Acts
Related to Environmental Quality &Development Planning to Provide Legal
Powers for Monitoring & Enforcement

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

9BarriersHigher Capital
Costs

Residential Household Energy Demand: ‐50%
(from 2005 level)
Data on Household Profile & Energy Consumption Trends
Disseminate Benefits of Energy Saving & Carbon Reduction

Low
Environmental
Awareness among
the Public

Public Awareness Campaigns; LA21
Retrain Teachers; Review School & University Syllabi
CPD for Professional Retraining & Continuous Learning

Lack of
Knowledge &Expertise among
Designers,Regulators
Absence ofInstitutional
Enforcement inEnergy Efficiency

LCS-supportiveLCS
supportive Planning Control; RE-EE
RE EE Impact Assessment
Ongoing R&D on RE & EE Technologies & Ratings for Homes

FutureObjectives
Increase
Percentage ofPenetration of
RE in
MalaysianHomes
Enhance
EnergyEfficiency
yLevel of
MalaysianHomes

Reinforce Existing Laws for Monitoring & Enforcement
Homegrown, Affordable RE & EE Technologies
RE & EE Auditing, Monitoring, Enforcement Agency
Polluters Pay Principle; Non-RE/EE Home Taxes
Public-Private Joint Venture Green Home Projects

DevelopExpertise &Skills in
RE & EE
Technologies
among Built
Environment
Professions

Green Home Projects Becoming Mainstream
2040
2010
2050
2030
2020
NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

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ENERGY CONSUMPTION & CO2 EMISSION OF
THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR IN MALAYSIA(OUTPUT FROM THE ESS MODEL)NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

11APPLICATION OF THE AIM BACKCASTINGMODEL (V.1.414) ON THE RESIDENTIAL
SECTOR IN MALAYSIAENERGY EFFICIENCY ((EE)) IN HOUSEHOLDAPPLIANCES/EQUIPMENTS:S C COOSPACECOOLINGGWATER HEATING
LIGHTINGCOOKINGREFRIGERATIONAPPLIANCESICTNIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

12PENETRATION (%) OF
EE TECHNOLOGIES IN
MALAYSIAN HOMESNIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson13CO2 REDUCTION AS A
RESULT OF EE
TECHNOLOGIES INMALAYSIAN HOMESNIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

14COST INCURRED IN EE
TECHNOLOGIES IN
MALAYSIAN HOMESNIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

15Thank you for your kind attention

NIES-AIM Workshop 2008, Tsukuba, Japan – Ho Chin Siong – Chau Loon Wai – Janice J Simson

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