Research Center Project
Host institution name

The University of Tokyo

Head of host institution

Hiroshi Komiyama (President, The University of Tokyo)

Title of center project

Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe

Center nameInstitute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
This center aims at establishing a multi-disciplinary research institutewith the unifying goal of understanding the universe from the synergistic
perspectives of physics, cosmology and mathematics.
The institute brings the world’s leading theoretical physicists andmathematicians together to develop new formulations of thefundamental laws of nature, a crucial step toward solving the mysteriesof the universe. We will develop infinite analysis, the mathematics for
systems with infinite dimensional degrees of freedom, which will be used
to build new physical theories and derive their experimental predictions
and to invent statistical methods to analyze geometric data.
We will study dark energy, dark matter, neutrinos, and physics beyond
the Standard Model of elementary particle physics. The institute builds
on the state-of-the-art facilities (Super-Kamiokande, KamLAND, Subaru
telescope, and LHC accelerator) that will produce an unprecedented
amount of precision data for observational cosmology, astronomy andelementary particles physics. We aim to develop new mathematical
tools to analyze the data by taking full advantage of collaboration
between mathematicians and physicists, and will develop new
experimental strategies to attack the mysteries.

Project summary

This center is a unique research institute in the world on the forefront ofphysics, cosmology and mathematics and will lead to a new paradigm ofsciences in the 21st century. It will attract highly motivated young
researchers, as well as established leading scientists from around theworld and will greatly strengthen the foundation of mathematical andphysical sciences in Japan.
We will also bring topnotch female researchers as role model to inspire
women in Japan and promote Asian diversity.
・Include a chart that illustrates the center’s overall structure including its
collaborative linkages with other domestic and foreign institutions, its
system of external evaluation, and its management framework

(1) Research fields
・Fill in the name of the research field of the project.
・ Choose relevant fields from among ①－⑦ below, specifying the inter disciplinary field(s) thatthe project addresses.
①Biosciences, ②Chemistry, ③Material sciences, ④Electronics engineering and information
sciences,⑤Precision and mechanical engineering, ⑥Physics, ⑦Mathematics
Physics and Mathematics
・Describe the importance of the proposed research, including domestic and international R&D
trends in the field and Japan’s advantages.
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・If centers in similar fields already exist in Japan or overseas, please list them.
Science’s fundamental and historic search for the fundamental laws of Nature is built on theinvention of new mathematics, and it has inspired many important developments in the field.
Famous examples include the simultaneous invention of Calculus and Newton’s mechanics andthe use of Riemannian Geometry in General Relativity. The interface of physics and mathematics
is alive and well. Approximately 40% of Fields Medalists in mathematics since 1990 have worked
in areas closely related to quantum field theory and string theory. Conformal field theory in two
dimensions, whose development was largely motivated by string theory, has been used to explain
the remarkable identities about the Monster group (Field Medal to Borcherds) and to describe
stochastic geometry (Fields Medal to Werner). Methods of topological string theory have revealed
deep connections among the Gromov-Witten invariants, gauge theory instantons, andcombinatorics (Fields Medals to Kontsevich and Okounkov). In return, these mathematicaldevelopments have provided powerful tools for quantum field theory and string theory.
No other area of science has had such a great impact on mathematics in the past few decades,
and the rate of progress in this area suggests that this trend will only accelerate in future. As
stressed, for example, in a recent National Research Council report, “Rising Above the Gathering
Storm,” in the United States, building up strength of mathematical and physical science is a key tolead in a highly competitive world scene of science and technology. Coincidentally, the Science
Council of Japan warned recently that Japan’s foundation of mathematics is at risk due to not
attracting young talented minds into this fundamental field. At the proposed Institute, we willbuild a community of physicists and mathematicians, redefine the boundaries between them andhelp nurture future generations of mathematical scientists. Uniquely to this Institute, we anticipate
cross-career development between mathematics and physics, such as a statistician moving toexperimental physics.
Mathematicians and physicists have very different work styles. Although two PI’s for mathematics
stay in their current Komaba campus, Tsuchiya and Saito will reside in Kashiwa as Principal
Investigators, who facilitate communication between physicists and mathematicians and maintainactivities in this area throughout the year. There will be semi-annual workshops that bringmathematicians and physicists together where they will share their common problems. Once thatis established, they will keep communicating over phone and video on individual bases, visiting
each other on as-needed basis, as well as organized seminars broadcast over the video tomaintain mutual interest. We also plan to have a state-of-art video conference system andinternet-blackboards between Kashiwa and Komaba that stay on 24/7 to make impromptu
discussions possible.
Our advantage of experimental programs is evident. Japan continues to lead the field of
underground physics including dark matter search and study of neutrinos by capitalizing on two
major underground detectors (Super-Kamiokande and KamLAND) at Kamioka, where a satelliteof the Institute will be established. Some principal investigators of the Institute are now building a
new instrument that enables a wide-field, deep survey of galaxies at Subaru telescope. The datafrom this instrument will most likely dominate the field of observational cosmology and astronomy
well into the next decade. Scientists in our Institute will have the first-hand access to high quality,
high precision data available from these world premier facilities. LHC, the world highest energy
accelerator, will become operational by the end of this year and the data of high energy collisions
that mimic Big Bang, the birth of the Universe, will be available to us. By bringing together theworld-leading mathematicians, theoretical physicists and experimental physicists and taking
advantage of the data available at the Institute, we will take on challenges of solving themysteries of the Universe. This is another reason why most active world-class scientists shouldcome to work at the Institute.
The Institute we will establish is a unique research center in the world that spans puremathematics, theoretical physics, experimental physics, astronomy, and applied mathematics.
This kind of Institute will be truly unique in the world. Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics is an
excellent institution, yet does only theoretical physics. There are many first-rate institutions thatcombine research in mathematics and theoretical physics, such as Isaac Newton Institute forMathematical Sciences in Cambridge, Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, IHES in France,and MSRI in Berkeley, but none of them include experimental physics in their program. There）are also great institutions on both theoretical and experimental physics, such as CERN, Fermilab,
SLAC, KEK, but none of them have mathematicians. The combination of science the proposed
Institute will include should attract best people from the world because of its uniqueness andpotential for major breakthroughs.
This project is timely and important in that Japan has currently positioned herself to lead thisresearch field and in that this initiative meets demand for Japan to keep a cutting edge in global
and competitive Science and Technology environment.

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(2) Research objectives
・Describe in a clear and easy-to-understand manner the research objectives that the projectseeks to achieve by the end of the grant period (in 10 years). In describing the objectives, thefollowing should be articulated in an easily understandable manner: What new domains are
expected to be pioneered by fusing the target fields. In the process, what world-level scientificissues are sought to be resolved. What is the expected impact of the scientific advances to beachieved on society in the future.
・Describe concretely the research plan to achieve the objectives, and any related pastachievements by the host institution.
At this Institute we address big questions about the universe, its fundamental laws, its beginning,
its fate, and its mysterious components, such as Dark Matter and Dark Energy. For thispurpose, we will create new mathematics needed for the unified description of the universe. It
will enable new physical theories with testable predictions. Technological innovations follow tomake new experiments possible; whose data will further stimulate development in mathematics.
This upward spiral will move the science
forward, exciting the public at large andmotivating students to enter mathematics,
science, and engineering to become thenext-generation workforce.
Even though it is difficult to accurately predictthe possible deliverables from this Instituteaimed at basic (not applied) research, here are a
few examples of new possible domains we may
pioneer on the ten-year time scale:
•
•

•
•

Effort by string theorists to enumerateand classify solutions leads todevelopment of new class of geometries.
New data on dark matter fromundergroundandaccelerator
experiments of the Institute require new paradigm in particle physics changing the course
towards the unified theory in physics, and require new mathematics.
Mathematical developments in integrable systems allow string theorists to work out newclass of solutions that suggest a dynamical behavior of Dark Energy, and prompt new typeof observational strategies in spectroscopic galaxy surveys.
The vast data from the next-generation galaxy surveys nudge the applied mathematicians
and statisticians to develop a novel method to extract subtle information from the last dataset, uncovering an unanticipated new behavior of Dark Energy.

In all anticipated examples including those above, pure mathematics, theoretical physics,
experimental physics underground, astrophysical, and accelerator-based, and instrumentation
will motivate each other’s efforts in a way not possible in the usual structure of academic
institutions where these activities tend to be decoupled from each other. All of these scientificobjectives are keenly shared worldwide, and any discoveries at the Institute will have immediate
impacts on the global scale.
To ensure this cross-development of this type, we assembled an amazing group of researchers
from around the world. They all have a strong track record in working on subjects not confinedin their specific research areas, but extend well beyond the boundaries.
The Institute also builds on the strengths of the Japanese science community in many ways.
University of Tokyo and Tohoku University lead the world in well-known success in neutrino
physics and move to wider scopes of underground experiments such as dark matter searches.
The Subaru telescope, the largest field of view among the world 8m class telescopes, will be
exploited.
）There is a long tradition for physicists and mathematics to work together which was especiallytrue in the 90’s and can be revamped in the 21st century. There is close relationship between
theoretical and experimental particle physicists working on physics beyond the standard model
which is unparalleled in the world.
The research plan is mostly about bringing in superb scientists in the relevant areas as termed
professors, postdocs, and visitors. All Principal Investigators have a strong track record insecuring and managing competitive grants for their research. Focused workshops at theinterface of physics, mathematics, and astronomy will bring in worldwide leading scientists to theInstitute and breed new directions in the fields and redefine their boundaries. Generous start-up
packages and seed money for developing new ideas towards future experiments will bring incompetitive grants further.
Frequent interactions among the PI’s ensure new directions will
emerge at the interface of the traditional boundaries of the subfields.
We anticipate big societal impacts of the Institute in the following way. The questions that the
proposed Institute addresses are easy to relate to for laypersons. Excitement in the newparadigms in our understanding of the universe spark interest and imagination among young
students and more of them enter the fields of mathematics, sciences and engineering to build astronger future workforce. New experimental initiatives from the Institute will require newtechnologies in particular in instrumentations, which get transferred to the industry for new
purposes. For instance, development in multi-fiber technology needed for future galaxy surveys
may well lead to medical applications. It also reverses the tide of brain-drain from Japan not
only by bringing back the Japanese researchers who left the country, but also bringing worldwide
researchers to Japan because of the attractive research opportunities.
(3) Managementi) Center director
・Fill in the name of the prospective center director, his/her age (as of 1 October 2007), current
affiliation and position title, and specialties. Describe his/her qualifications to be the center
director.
・Attach a biographical sketch of the prospective center director using Appendix 2.
・How does the prospective center director intend to construct the center and what is his/hervision of objectives to be achieved? Provide a synopsis written by the prospective center
director (free format).
・If possible, attach a letter (s) of recommendation for the prospective center director fromresearchers with world-standard achievements in the subject field.
Hitoshi Murayama(Age of 43),

MacAdams Professor of Physics, University of California, Berkeley,Department of Physics, andFaculty Senior Staff, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
Theoretical Physics
Qualifications to be the center director:
Professor Murayama is one of the world’s leading theoretical elementary particle physicists
and of an outstanding stature. His research specialty and achievements span from thefundamental mathematical physics to phenomenological physics and to experimental researchof neutrino physics. His scientific breadth is one of key qualifications to be considered as
director. He is highly respected and has been deemed as one of the young leaders in thefundamental science community. Professor Murayama has served on numerous
scientific-policy making committees in US, Japan and Europe. His breadth of scientific visions
and outstanding communications skills together with his tremendous scientific achievements
distinguish him as one of the true leaders in the field. Professor Drell emphasizes that one of
the most critical roles of the institute director, in addition to articulating the scientific vision, will
be to attract talent and foster a culture of collaboration at the institute. Professor Drell attests
that Professor Murayama is one of very few gifted people who have the ability to bring people）together and develop the institute into something greater than the sum of its individuals.
Professor Murayama is best qualified to command this new, bold and timely WPI program,“the Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe.”
Professor Murayama will return to the University of Tokyo in January 2008 and will work forthe project as its full-time directorii) Administrative director
・Fill in the name of the prospective administrative director, his/her age (as of 1 October 2007),
current affiliation and position title. Describe his/her qualifications to be the administrative
director.
・Attach a CV of the prospective administrative director (free format).
Kenzo Nakamura (Age of 62)
Professor, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, KEK
Qualifications to be the administrative director:
Professor Nakamura had served as Head of Experimental Planning & Coordination Group at
KEK for 1995-1997, and subsequently as Head of Physics Department III of Institute of Particle
and Nuclear Studies at KEK for 1997-2006. His experience and excellent administrative skills
will be indispensable to start up the administrative organization of the Institute and maintainhighly efficient and effective function of the administration. He has extensive experience of how
to supervise administrative staff members. Because he is a physicist by training he will bereadily integrated to the scientific organization and will be able to work coherently withresearchers in the Institute. Professor Nakamura knows and understands what makes a work
environment most adequate to researchers. We are extremely pleased and fortunate to have
Professor Nakamura as head of the administrative staff.
iii) Composition of administrative staff
・Concretely describe how the administrative staff is organized.
The administrative staff is an integral part of the Institute. The administrative organization belongs
to Directorate that consists of the Director, Deputy Directors and Administrative director. Because
this Institute belongs directly to the Office of the President (without any other intervening layers ofadministration), the University has committed to make administration resource at the University
headquarter available to the Institute. The Institute directorate will have direct access to theadministration office at the University headquarter and will share its resources. With this direct
coupling to the Office of the President, we envision our administrative organization will be
streamlined, yet very effective to provide the best possible environment to the researchers in theInstitute.
On site, we will have, under the administrative director’s supervision, offices devoted to 1) generalaffairs and human resources, 2) financial/budget planning and accounting 3) information andpublic communication/outreach, and 4) international affairs. Each office consists of a chief officer
and a few assistants. These offices will perform day-to-day administrative function and will,
whenever necessary, work directly with the directors of the institute. The office of international
affairs is particularly important for the institute. It helps our foreign employees and visitors to findhouses, international schools for their children, and helps for organizing international conferences
and workshops. We hire skilled experts for many sections and plan to fill more than 50% of staff
member positions by persons who are bilingual.
iv) Decision-making system
・Concretely describe the center’s decision-making system.
As shown in the organization chart included in the section of Project Summary, except for
personnel decisions regarding the center director and principal investigators (PI’s), which will bemade by the President, the center Director has a complete authority of making a wide range ofdecisions, including proposing recruitment of PI’s to the President, appointing staff researchers,）postdoctoral researchers, research support staff members and administrative employees. The
Director will be assisted, whenever needed, by two deputy directors and by the administrative
director.
The administrative director conducts administrative business and oversees the staff members
who take care of visitors from other Japanese institutions and from abroad. His function enables
the Director to spend more time to consider the Institute at large and to focus on the direction of
the research. The Director will have direct access to the Office of the President and will be able toconsult with the President and his assistant staff members.
The Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) reporting to the Director consists of four to five PI’s of
his choice. They advise the Director on planning of hiring staff members as well as scientificdirections. The role is strictly advisory. The Director is solely responsible for making the final
decisions. The PI’s have a large autonomy in the research they conduct and they are encouraged
to fund their research through competitive grants. They can make a proposal to the Director tohire postdocs and termed professors to help their research. The Director’s approval on the
proposed appointments will reflect the scientific vision and priorities set by the Director, who may
consult the SAC as needed.
Of particular importance is the External Advisory Board (EAB) who will review annually thescientific achievement and activities of the Institute and advise the Director on the scientificpriorities and the research activities to keep the Institute stay on the course of the proposedscience. At least half of EAB members consist of scientists from institutes other than the
University of Tokyo.
v) Allocation of authority between the center director and the host institution’s side
・Concretely describe how authority is allocated between the center director and the hostinstitution’s side.
We have agreement with the Office of the President that except for the appointment of the
Director and approval of appointments of PIs, the center Director has the authority to make a wide
range of decisions from how to compose and organize the institute to how to operate it.
(4) Researchers and other center staffsi) The “core” to be established within the host institutiona) Principal Investigators (full professors, associate professors or other researchers ofcomparable standing)numbers
Final goal
At end of FY
At beginning(Date: month,
2007
year)
Researchers from within
the host institution10
10
10 (Mar,2009)
Foreign researchers invitedfrom abroad557 (Mar,2009)
Researchers invited from otherJapanese institutions
5
5
5
Total principal investigators

20

20

22 (Mar,2009)

・Describe the concrete plan to achieve final staffing goal, including steps and timetables.
・Attach a list of principal investigators who are expected to join the center at the time of theapplication using Appendix 1. Place an asterisk (*) by names of the investigators
considered to be ranked among the world’s top researchers. Describe the policy andstrategy for inviting the rest of PIs who are to be invited in the future.
・Attach a biographical sketch of each investigator using Appendix 2.
・As for the researchers invited from abroad or from other Japanese institutions, attach aletter of intent from each of them to join the center project (free format).
By the end of FY 2008 (Mar, 2009) we plan to recruit two more PI’s who work on theoretical）cosmology and/or particle physics phenomenology. Potential candidates have been identified
and we will actively pursue the opportunities.

b) Total members
Numbers
At beginning

At end of FY
2007

Final goal
(Date: month,year)
195(Mar,2011)(69, 35%)
22 (Mar,2009)(6, 27%)

Researchers
20
66 (Mar,2009)(Number of foreign researchers(5, 25%)(14, 21%)
among them and their percentage)
Principal investigators
20
20(Number of foreign researchers(5, 25%)(5, 25%)among them and theirpercentage)
Other researchers
048
173(Mar,2011(Number of foreign researchers(9, 19%))among them and their(63, 36%)
percentage）
Research support staffs
010
20 (Mar,2009)
Administrative staffs
3
10
10
Total number of people who form
23
86
225
the “core” of the research center( Mar, 2011)
・Describe your concrete plan to achieve the final staffing goal, including steps andtimetables.
We plan to hire two or more termed associated professors who work with PI’s in the area ofobservational and theoretical cosmology by the end of JFY2008.
We have identified as a candidate for the termed professor a mid-career mathematicalphysicist who is currently a faculty member with a joint appointment between Mathematics
and Physics Departments in a major research university abroad. We also plan to make an
appointment of a termed associate professor who will lead the analysis of LHC data. Both of
the appointments are to be made by the end of JFY2008.
Starting immediately we aggressively solicit postdoctoral fellows. We plan to make 7
appointments in JFY2007 and additional 21 in FY2008. Three administrative staffs will betransferred from the University headquarter to the Institute. Three additional administrative
staffs will be hired by the Institute in FY2007.
Therefore, the Institute as a whole, including researchers from collaborating institutions andothers, will become an organization consisting of more than 200 researchers.
ii) Collaboration with other institutions
・If the “core” forms linkages with other institutions, domestic and/or foreign, by establishingsatellite functions, fill in the name of the partner institution(s), and describe the role of thesatellite functions, personnel composition and structure, and collaborative framework between
the host institution and the said partner institutions (e.g., contracts to be concluded, scheme
for resource transfer).
・If some of the principal investigators will be stationed at satellites, attach a list of these principal
investigators and the name of their satellite organizations using Appendix 1, and provide abiographical sketch of each using Appendix 2.
・If the “core” forms organic linkages with other institutions, domestic and/or foreign, withoutestablishing satellite functions, fill in the names of the partner institutions and describe theirroles and linkages within the center project.
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The institute establishes an IPMU Kamioka satellite to promote closer collaboration with theneutrino group. It locates close to the Super-Kamiokande and KamLAND detectors. It gathers
researchers who work on the underground experimental activities such as study of neutrino
physics and XMASS, a new dark matter search experiment that has recently been funded. Two
PI’s, Professor Masayuki Nakahata of University of Tokyo and Professor Kunio Inoue of Tohoku
University, will be stationed at the satellite and we will have researches jointly appointed fromneutrino group.
One of the PI’S has already a grant with scientists at NAOJ to pursue the dark energy project.
We also gather scientists from the world to conduct an analysis on the data from LHC. We havealready a candidate for an associate professor.
Principal Investigators of the Institute collaborate with scientists from the following institutions:
1) IHES (Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques) in France (for mathematics),
2) Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University (for theoreticalphysics),3) Department of Physics, Kyoto University (for neutrino physics),
4) High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) (for neutrino physics),
5) National Astronomical Observatory in Japan (NAOJ) (for dark energy survey andastronomy),6) Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University in USA (for dark energy survey
and astronomy)7) Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley in USA (for theoretical physics),
8) Research Center for Neutrino Science, Tohoku University.
(５) Research Environmentⅰ) Provide an environment in which researchers can devote themselves exclusively totheir research, by exempting them from other duties and providing them with adequate
staff support to handle paperwork and other administrative functions.
The Director will secure the funds to hire administrative staff and research support staffs toassure that researchers of the Institute be exempt from paper works associated with conducing
researchers. In addition, for PI’s from University of Tokyo, the Office of the President will provide
resources that enable PI’s to substitute their teaching duties in their original departments.
ⅱ）Provide startup research funding as necessary to ensure that top-caliber researchers
invited to the center do not upon arrival lose momentum in vigorously pursuing their workout of concern over the need to apply immediately for competitive grants.
Many of PI’s of the Institute have already secured research fund by winning competitive grants.
The Director will secure startup funds for young researchers and postdoctotal fellows hired by theInstitute.
ⅲ) As a rule, fill postdoctoral positions through open international solicitations.
We will post all the job openings on major journals of the community such as Physics Today andwill contact proactively via Emails leading scientists of the field, both in Japan and abroad, tosolicit outstanding candidates.
ⅳ) Establish English as the primary language for work-related communication, andappoint administrative personnel who can facilitate the use of English in the work process.
In the fields of particle physics, mathematics and astronomy it has been the standard practice forresearchers to speak English for work-related communication. We will assemble administrative
staff members as well as research support members who are fluent in English with help from the
Office of the President.
ⅴ) Adopt a rigorous system for evaluating research and a system of merit-based
compensation. (For example, institute a merit-based annual salary system primarily for
researchers from outside the host institution. As a basic rule, the salaries of researchers
who were already employed at the host institution prior to the centers’ establishment are）to be paid by the host institution.)
Salary of the center director will be negotiated through the office of the President. Annual
salaries for PI’s will be decided by the Director. Salaries of researchers other than PI’s will bedecided by the Director with consultation to Deputy Directors. Evaluation of researchers will bestrictly merit-based and will include citation counts, invited talks at international conference,cross-disciplinary papers, salaries at competing institutions abroad, and leadership roles at theInstitute.
ⅵ) Provide equipment and facilities, including laboratory space, appropriate to a top
world-level research center.
The University administration pledges to build a new building on Kashiwa campus for theInstitute. The architecture will follow the style of Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at UC Santa
Barbara and Center for Theoretical Physics at UC Berkeley with a large open area and amenities.
It will provide an attractive and competitive environment for researchers from around the world.
We plan to have a state-of-art video conference system and internet-blackboards among
Kashiwa, Hongo, Komaba, Kamioka and other collaborating institutions that stay on 24hours aday, 7days a week to make impromptu discussions possible.
ⅶ) Hold international research conferences or symposiums regularly (at least once ayear) to bring the world’s leading researchers together at the center.
Annual international conference at the Institute as well as long-duration workshops à la Kavli
Institute for Theoretical Physics and Aspen Center for Physics will be held. They will bring invisitors to further stimulate the intellectual activities and keep the Institute at the forefront ofworldwide science.
ⅷ) Other measures to ensure that top-caliber researchers from around the world can
comfortably devote themselves to their research in a competitive international
environment, if any.
The University is constructing Kashiwa International Lodge that will be a main residential facility
for foreign researchers who have moved to the Institute and short-term visitors. Meanwhile, theUniversity will help the foreign researchers to find housings. The Institute’s foreign affairs officewill fully conduct the business related to foreign researchers together with the Office of the
President.
(6) Indicators for evaluating a center’s global standing) Criteria and methods to be used for evaluating the center’s global standing in the subject
fieldii) Results of current assessment made using said criteria and methodsii) Goals to be achieved through the project (at time of interim and final evaluations）
1) We introduce quantitative and objective methods to evaluate the Institute’s global standing.
The number of refereed journal papers, the number of citations of the papers the Instituteresearchers published, and the number of presentations our researchers deliver in the majorinternational conferences will be kept monitored and tracked. These “numbers” form a base ofevaluation of the center ‘s global standing.
2) The number of visitors and the number of foreign visitors among them are another objective
indicator to measure the activity and visibility of the Institute.
3) In order to evaluate how effective the Institute is to bring mathematicians and physicists
together, we plan to monitor the number of publications co-authored by mathematicians andphysicists. It will be a measure of the synergy between the two disciplines.
The proposed institute has already positioned itself as one of the most cited Institutions in Physics）

research. This is because all the principal investigators we assembled are leading scientists intheir own discipline and the number of citations of each investigator is outstanding.
Criteria 2 and 3 are, of course, yet to be applied.
The goal to meet the criteria 1) is clear. We will maintain the statue of the most cited Institution in
Physics and Mathematics. We aim to be one of the most visible research organizations inPhysics and Mathematics.
(7) Securing research funding) Past record
・Indicate the total amount of research funding (e.g., competitive funding) secured by principal
investigators who will join the center project. Itemize by fiscal year (FY2002-2006) taking into
account the percentage of time each will devote to research activities at the center vis-à-vis
the total time they spend conducting research activities （“Effort ②” in Appendix 2）. For
example, if this percentage is 70%, then 70% of his/her research funds can be counted in
calculating the total amount of research funds.
FY2002: $9.7M, FY2003: $10.9M, FY2004: $9.5M, FY2005: $13.2M, FY2006: $13.6M(in units of US dollars, Exchange Rate: JPY/USD=120)
Grand total of competitive funding awarded to PI’s over past 5 years is $56.9M.
ii) Prospects after establishment of the center・ Based on the past record, describe the concrete prospects for securing resources that matchor exceed the project grant.
・ Calculate the total amount of research funding (e.g., competitive funding) based on thepercentage of time the researchers devote to research activities at the center vis-à-vis thetotal time they spend conducting research activities （“Effort ②” in Appendix 2）. Be sure theprospects are realistically based on the past record.
Principal Investigators of the Institute have already secured competitive funding that amounts toapproximately $55M, the same level as that of the past five years. We are, therefore, confident
to maintain the same funding profile well into the era of this new Institute.
Others・ Describe activities and initiatives to be taken after project funding ends.
We intend to keep the Institute as the advanced institute of the University, a permanent entity thatbelongs to the University. We plan to work, with the Office of the President, to raise the fund.
・ Describe expected ripple effects （e.g., how the proposed research center project will have
trailblazing components that can be referred to by other departments in the host institution
and/or other research institutions when attempting to build their own top world-level research
centers）.
We are confident that our aggressive approach to assemble the world-leading scientists fromother institutions from within Japan or from abroad and our ambitious organization will havesignificant impact to the University. Also the merit-based evaluation system we introduce would
be so attractive to young researchers that it could become a model that other institutions would
follow.
・ Describe other important measures to be taken in creating a world premier international
research center, if any.
We will be proactive to raise funding for the Institute. In particular, we engage fundraising from theprivate sector both in Japan and abroad.
）In order to promote competitive atmosphere among PI’s and senior researchers, we plan toinstitute a named distinguished professorship. It will be awarded by the Institute Director to an
Institute professor after rigorous evaluation of his/her performance at the Institute.
・ If one or more of the projects applying for Global COE program have some connections withthis research center project, list the project title(s) , outline(s), group leader(s) and therelationship(s) with this project.
Since the call for proposal of Global COE program for the disciplines related to the Institute,which are mathematics and physics, is scheduled for FY2008, there are no Global COE
programs to list. Some of PI’s, however, will definitely be involved in some of Global COE
proposals that are under consideration. We as the Institute will seek close collaboration withsuch Global COE programs once they have been more developed and its relevance to theInstitute has become more evident.

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