JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

JCM Proposed Methodology Form
Cover sheet of the Proposed Methodology Form
Form for submitting the proposed methodology
Host Country

Kingdom of Thailand

Name of the methodology proponents AGC Inc.,
submitting this form

AGC Chemicals (Thailand) Co.,Ltd.

Sectoral scope(s) to which the Proposed 3. Energy demand
Methodology applies
Title of the proposed methodology, and Introduction of High Efficiency Electrolyzer inversion number

Caustic Soda Production Plant, Version 01.0

List of documents to be attached to thisThe attached draft JCM-PDD:

form (please check):

Additional information

Date of completion

08/06/2020

History of the proposed methodology
Version01.0

Date
08/06/2020

Contents revisedFirst edition1

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

A. Title of the methodology
Introduction of High Efficiency Electrolyzer in Caustic Soda Production Plant, Version 01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

Electrolyzer

An equipment used for the electrolysis of sodium chloridesolution, composed of an anode chamber, anode, cathodechamber, cathode, and an ion exchange membrane.

Ion-exchange membrane

Method for the electrolysis of sodium chloride solution(IEM) technology

separating the cathode and anode chambers, in which acation exchange membrane possesses special properties thatpermit only transmission of cations (positive ions) not ofanions (negative ions).

Bipolar electrolyzer

Electrolyzer in which the elements are connected in series
and the power supply is connected only to the end part of theelectrolyzer.

C. Summary of the methodology
Items
GHG

emissionmeasures

Summary
reduction Installing ion-exchange membrane electrolyzer, which reduces
electricity resistance of the electrolyzer unit and achieves
electricity consumption reduction in the caustic soda process.
This methodology applies to the project that introduces highefficiency electrolyzer in caustic soda production plant.

Calculation

ofemissions

reference Reference emissions are GHG emissions from using referenceelectrolyzer, calculated with electricity consumption of projectelectrolyzer, ratio of the performance guaranteed values of
specific electricity consumptions (SECs) of reference/projectelectrolyzers and CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity.

Calculation
emissionsofproject Project emissions are GHG emissions from using projectelectrolyzer, calculated with electricity consumption of project2

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

electrolyzer and CO2 emission factor for electricity consumed.
Monitoring parametersElectricity consumption of project electrolyzer

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

Bipolar electrolyzer(s), which employs an ion-exchange membrane technology,
is installed in the manufacturing process of caustic soda.

Criterion 2

SEC value of project electrolyzer under the standard conditions, 32% NaOH
and 90 degrees Celsius is less than threshold SEC value set in the table below
under the standard conditions, 32% NaOH and 90 degrees Celsius;
CD (Current density) [kA/m2]

Threshold SEC value of theelectrolyzer [kWh (DC)/t-NaOH]

4.0 ≤ CD < 4.52,013

4.5 ≤ CD < 5.02,038

5.0 ≤ CD < 5.52,061

5.5 ≤ CD < 6.02,086

6.0 ≤ CD < 6.52,110

SEC value of project electrolyzer is derived from performance guaranteed value
provided by manufacturer.

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Electricity consumption of reference electrolyzer

CO2Project emissions
Emission sourcesGHG types
CO2Electricity consumption of project electrolyzer

F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
3

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

Reference emissions are calculated by multiplying electricity consumption of projectelectrolyzer and ratio of SEC values of reference/project electrolyzer, and CO2 emission factor
for consumed electricity. The SEC value of reference electrolyzer is conservatively set as adefault value in the following manner to ensure net emission reductions.
All electrolyzers in the caustic soda process in Japan employ ion-exchange membrane
technology, and the average of SEC values of the electrolyzers is 2,364 kWh (DC)/t-NaOH(Japan Soda Industry Association, 2016).
The range of averaged SEC values of the bipolar electrolyzers in EU is from 2,191 kWh (DC)/tNaOH to 2,236 kWh (DC)/t-NaOH based on the document “Best Available Techniques (BAT)
Reference Document for the Production of Chlor-alkali, 2014” by assuming general AC/DC
efficiency of 96% to 98% (European Commission, 2014).
The performance guaranteed values of SECs of possible model of bipolar electrolyzer available
in Thailand were collected and averaged within the same CD ranges as those in the abovementioned document by European Commission (2.9 kA/m2 to 5.4 kA/m2). Accordingly, theaveraged SEC value is calculated as 1,999 kWh (DC)/t-NaOH.
As a result, it is considered that the possible model of bipolar electrolyzer which is available inthe country has comparable efficiency advantage as it has the lower SEC value than that ofelectrolyzers reported in the document published in EU. Hence it is determined to be thereference electrolyzer.
In order to make it comparable, the SEC values of reference and project electrolyzers are both
based on performance guarantee.
Considering the fact that SEC values are positively correlated with CD, the reference SEC
values are set into five range of CDs. The SEC values of the reference electrolyzer are
determined as 2,013, 2,038, 2,061, 2,086 and 2,110 kWh (DC)/t-NaOH corresponding to therange of CDs of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5 and 6.0 kA/m2 respectively.
F.2. Calculation of reference emissions

4

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0ࡾࡱ࢖ = ෍ ࡱ࡯ࡾࡱ,࢏,࢖ × ࡱࡲࢋ࢒ࢋࢉ = ෍ ቆࡱ࡯ࡼࡶ,࢏,࢖ ×࢏࢏ࡿࡱ࡯ࡾࡱ,࢏ቇ × ࡱࡲࢋ࢒ࢋࢉ
ࡿࡱ࡯ࡼࡶ,࢏

REp:

Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

ECRE,i,p:

ECPJ,i,p:

SECRE,i:SECPJ,i:Electricity consumption of the reference electrolyzer iduring the period p [MWh/p]
Electricity consumption of the project electrolyzer i during
the period p [MWh/p]
SEC value of the reference electrolyzer i [kWh(DC)/tNaOH]
SEC value of the project electrolyzer i [kWh(DC)/t-NaOH]

EFelec:CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity [tCO2/MWh]i:

Identification number of project electrolyzer [-]G. Calculation of project emissions

ࡼࡱ࢖ = ෍ ࡱ࡯ࡼࡶ,࢏,࢖ × ࡱࡲࢋ࢒ࢋࢉܲ‫ܧ‬௣‫ܥܧ‬௉௃,௜,௣‫ܨܧ‬௘௟௘௖i࢏:

Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]:

Electricity consumption of the project electrolyzer i during theperiod p [MWh/p]:

CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity [tCO2/MWh]:

Identification number of project electrolyzer [-]H. Calculation of emissions reductions

ERp
REp
PEp::
:

ࡱࡾ࢖ = ࡾࡱ࢖ − ࡼࡱ࢖Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]
Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]
Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
5

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

Parameter
SECRE,iDescription of data

SourceSEC value of the reference electrolyzer i

Additional information[kWh (DC)/t-NaOH].

The default values are derived

The default value is set by the following

from the performancetable.

guaranteed value of possiblemodel electrolyzer available in2

SEC value of thecorresponding toreference

The SECRE,i should be revisedSEC performanceelectrolyzer [kWhif necessary from survey result

guarantee of the(DC)/t-NaOH]

which is conducted by theJoint Committee or projectproject electrolyzer

SECPJ,iThailand.

CD [kA/m ]4.0 ≤ CD < 4.5

2,013

4.5 ≤ CD < 5.02,038

5.0 ≤ CD < 5.52,061

5.5 ≤ CD < 6.02,086

6.0 ≤ CD < 6.5

2,110

participants.

SEC value of the project electrolyzer i

Performance guaranteed value[kWh(DC)/t-NaOH].

provided by manufacturer ofthe project electrolyzer.

EFelecCO2 emission factor for consumed[Grid electricity]

electricity.

The most recent value
available at the time of

When the project equipment consumes only

validation is applied and fixed

grid electricity or captive electricity, thefor the monitoring period

project participant applies the CO2 emission

thereafter. The data is sourced

factor respectively.

from “Grid Emission Factor(GEF) of Thailand”, endorsed

When the project equipment may consume

by Thailand Greenhouse Gas

both grid electricity and captive electricity,

Management Organization

the project participant applies the CO2emission factor with lower value.

unless otherwise instructed bythe Joint Committee.

[CO2 emission factor]
For grid electricity: The most recent value [Captive electricity]
available from the source stated in this table For the option a)at the time of validation

Specification of the captive6

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

power

generation

systemFor captive electricity, it is determined based

provided by the manufacturer

on the following options:(ηelec [%]).
CO2 emission factor of thea) Calculated from its power generation

fossil fuel type used in theefficiency (ηelec [%]) obtained fromcaptive

manufacturer’s specification

system (EFfuel [tCO2/GJ])

powergeneration

The power generation efficiency based onlower heating value (LHV) of the captive

For the option b)

power generation system from theGenerated

manufacturer’s specification is applied;

electricity by the captive power‫ܨܧ‬௘௟௘௖ = 3.6 ×100× ‫ܨܧ‬௙௨௘௟
ߟ௘௟௘௖

and

generation

suppliedsystem(EGPJ,p[MWh/p]).
Fuel amount consumed by theb) Calculated from measured data

captive

powergeneration

The power generation efficiency calculatedsystem(FCPJ,p[massfrom monitored data of the amount of fuelvolume/p]).

input for power generation (‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,௣ ) and theNet calorific value (NCVfuelamount of electricity generated (‫ܩܧ‬௉௃,௣ )[GJ/mass or volume]) and CO2

during the monitoring period p is applied.

emission factor of the fuelThe measurement is conducted with the(EFfuel [tCO2/GJ]) in order ofmonitoring equipment to which calibrationpreference:orcertificate is issued by an entity accredited
under national/international standards;‫ܨܧ‬௘௟௘௖ = ‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,௣ × ܰ‫ܸܥ‬௙௨௘௟ × ‫ܨܧ‬௙௨௘௟ ×Where:1) values provided by the fuel1‫ܩܧ‬௉௃,௣

supplier;
2) measurement by the project
participants;ܰ‫ܸܥ‬௙௨௘௟ : Net calorific value of consumed 3) regional or national default

fuel [GJ/mass or volume]

values;
4)

IPCC

defaultvalues

Note:provided in table 1.2 and 1.4 of

In case the captive electricity generation

Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC

system meets all of the following conditions,

Guidelines on National GHG

the value in the following table may be

Inventories. Lower value isapplied to ‫ܨܧ‬௘௟௘௖ depending on theapplied.

consumed fuel type.
The system is non-renewable generation
7

JCM_TH_F_PM_ver01.0

system[Captive electricity with diesel

Electricity generation capacity of thefuel]system is less than or equal to 15 MW

CDM approved small scale
methodology: AMS-I.A.

fuel type‫ܨܧ‬௘௟௘௖Diesel
fuel

Natural gas

0.8 *10.46 *2[Captive electricity withnatural gas]
2006 IPCC Guidelines on*1 The most recent value at the time of

National GHG Inventories forvalidation is applied.

the source of EF of natural*2 The value is calculated with the equationgas.

in the option a) above. The lower value ofCDM Methodological tool

default effective CO2 emission factor for"Determining the baseline

natural gas (0.0543tCO2/GJ), and the mostefficiency of thermal orefficient value of default efficiency for off-

electric energy generation

grid gas turbine systems (42%) are applied.

systems version02.0" for thedefault efficiency for off-grid
power plants.

8