JCM_TH_AM008_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03
Joint Crediting Mechanism Approved Methodology TH_AM008“Introducing heat recovery heat pumps with natural refrigerants for the foodmanufacturing industries”
A. Title of the methodology
Introducing heat recovery heat pumps with natural refrigerants for the food manufacturingindustries, version01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

Heat recovery electric heat

A heat recovery electric heat pump is a heat pump systempump (HP)

where hot and chilled water is simultaneously generated
through reutilizing waste heat.

Natural refrigerant

Natural refrigerant refers to naturally occurring substanceswith refrigeration capacity and with zero ozone depletion
potential (ODP) (e.g., CO2 and NH3).

Compressor

In this methodology, a compressor signifies positive
displacement refrigeration compressors (e.g. screw andreciprocating types) for industrial applications andexcludes compressors used in a chiller.

Coefficient of Performance

For the purpose of this methodology, COP is defined as a(COP)

ratio of rated cooling capacity to the rated electricity
consumption by a compressor, and it is calculated using
following formula
COP=Q/W
Where:
Q: Rated cooling capacity of a compressor
W: Rated electricity consumption by a compressor
The temperature conditions at which COPs are calculated
in this methodology are shown below:
Condensing temperature: 38 degree Celsius

Evaporating temperature: -5 degree Celsius1

JCM_TH_AM008_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03C. Summary of the methodology
Items

SummaryGHG emission reduction

This methodology applies to the project that aims at savingmeasuresenergy by introducing (a) heat recovery electric HP(s) in a food
manufacturing process.

Calculation of reference

Reference emissions are GHG emissions from using reference

emissionsequipment for the generation of hot and chilled water. They arecalculated by the ratio of efficiency between reference
equipment and project HPs and CO2 emission factors ofelectricity and fossil fuel consumed by the reference equipment.

Calculation of project

Project emissions are GHG emissions from using the projectemissionsHPs and their auxiliary electric equipment, and they arecalculated with their electricity consumption and the CO2
emission factor of electricity consumed by the project HPs.

Monitoring parametersElectricity consumption of the project HPsElectricity consumption of the auxiliary electric equipmentof the HPs

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

A project newly introduces (a) high efficiency HP(s) using natural refrigerants
to a food manufacturing plant and it does not replace (an) existing HP(s). In
case of HPs supplying chilled water, the water is fed into a refrigeration
system of the plant which uses either screw or reciprocating compressors.

Criterion 2

The cooling capacity of a HP unit is more than or equal to 50kW and less than
1600kW.

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Electricity consumption by reference equipment for generating chilled

CO22

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Sectoral scope: 03
water
Fuel consumption by reference equipment for generating hot water

CO2

Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Electricity consumption by HPs

CO2Electricity consumption by auxiliary electric equipment of HPs (e.g.

CO2pump)

F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
This methodology only applies to a food manufacturing plant which uses hot and chilled water
for the industrial process.
Reference emissions are calculated by multiplying electricity consumption of the project by theratio of efficiency between a reference equipment and project HPs, and emission factors ofelectricity and fossil fuel consumed.
The reference equipment is identified as a boiler for the hot water generation and a compressor(*1) for the chilled water generation as their loads are partially replaced by the project HPs. The
methodology ensures a net emission reduction by conservatively setting default efficiencyvalues for both reference boiler and compressor respectively as specified below:<Boiler>This methodology applies a conservative default value of the reference boiler efficiency as 89[%], which is the highest value among the products sold in Thailand, so as to ensure net
emission reductions.
<Compressor>
This methodology doubly ensures the conservativeness of the default efficiency values ofcompressors, expressed in COPs, in the following manner:
1)

The highest design efficiencies of screw- and reciprocating-type models—two main
displacement compressor types used in the food manufacturing industries—areselected from dominant compressor manufacturers' lineups available in Thailand; and2)

The methodology applies COPs for the compressors instead of the one for the wholerefrigeration system whose efficiency is lower than that of the compressors due tosome heat loss in the system.
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Sectoral scope: 03

The default COP value for the calculation of the reference emission can be selected based on therated cooling capacity of the existing compressor at the time of validation.
(*1) The water is fed into a refrigeration system of the plant, which consists of individualcomponents of compressors, evaporators, condensers and other relevant parts mounted together
to form a custom-made system to meet specific needs of the operation. By using the HPs tolower the inlet water temperature of the refrigeration system, the electricity consumption of thecompressor is reduced.
F.2. Calculation of reference emissions

𝐑𝐄𝐩 = ∑𝒊

𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒑 × 𝟑. 𝟔
𝑬𝑪𝑷𝑱,𝒊,𝒑𝑯𝐢𝑪𝑯𝐢
×× 𝑬𝑭𝑹𝑬𝒉 + ∑×× 𝑬𝑭𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄𝑬𝑪𝑹𝒊
𝜼𝑹𝑬𝒉𝑬𝑪𝑹𝒊
𝑪𝑶𝑷𝑹𝑬𝒊

REp: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

ECPJ,i,p: Electricity consumed by the project HP i during the period p [MWh/p]

ECRi: Rated electricity consumption of the project HP i [kW]Hi

: Rated heating capacity of the project HP i [kW]ηREh: Efficiency of the reference boiler for heating energy generation [-]EFREh: CO2 emission factor for the fuel consumed by the reference boiler for heatingenergy generation [tCO2/GJ]

CHi: Rated cooling capacity of the project HP i [kW]COPRE

: Efficiency of the reference compressor for cooling energy generation [-]EFelec: CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity [tCO2/MWh]i: Identification number of the project HP

G. Calculation of project emissions

𝐏𝐄𝐩 = (∑ 𝐄𝐂𝐏𝐉,𝐢,𝐩 + ∑ 𝐄𝐂𝐏𝐉_𝐀𝐔𝐗,𝐣,𝐩 ) × 𝐄𝐅𝐞𝐥𝐞𝐜
𝒊𝒋4

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Sectoral scope: 03
ECPJ,i,p: Electricity consumed by the project HP i during the period p [MWh/p]

ECPJ_AUX,j,p : Electricity consumed by the auxiliary electric equipment j for the project HP(s)during the period p [MWh/p]
EFelec: CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity [tCO2/MWh]j: Identification number of the auxiliary electric equipment for the project HP(s)H. Calculation of emissions reductions
𝐄𝐑 𝐩 = 𝐑𝐄𝐩 − 𝐏𝐄𝐩
ERp: Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]

REp: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

PEp: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
Parameter
ECRi
Hi

Description of data

SourceRated electricity consumption of the project HP i

Provided by the technology[kW]supplier

Rated heating capacity of the project HP i [kW]Provided by the technology
supplierηREh

Efficiency of the reference boiler for heating energy

Value derived from thegeneration

result of survey. The
default value, 89.0 [%],Default value is set to 89.0 [%].

should be revised ifnecessary.

EFREh

CO2 emission factor for the fuel consumed by theIn the order of preference:reference boiler for heating energy generationa) values provided by the[tCO2/GJ]

fuel supplier;b) measurement by the

If there is an oil-fired boiler at the project site, theproject participants;

fuel used for the boiler is applied.

c) national default values;
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In case there is a biomass boiler at the project site, 0d) IPCC default values

tCO2/GJ is applied.

provided in table 1.4 of

Otherwise, the CO2 emission factor of natural gas is

Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC

applied in a conservative manner.

Guidelines on National
GHG Inventories. Lower
value is applied.

CHi

Rated cooling capacity of the project HP i [kW]Provided by the technology
supplier

COPRE

Efficiency of reference compressor for cooling

The default value is derivedenergy generationfrom the result of survey ofcompressors used for in theDefault efficiency value for the compressor to whichfood manufacturing sector

the project HP i supplies the water:

for the production process.
The survey is comprised ofCooling
Capacity/unit(kW)

50kW≤x<400kW

400kW≤x<800kW

800kW≤x<1600kW

COPs

4.01

4.09

4.21

manufacturers with a highmarket share in Thailand.

Conditions:- Condensing temperature = 38 degree Celsius- Evaporating temperature = -5 degree Celsius
EFelecCO2 emission factor for consumed electricity.

[Grid electricity]
The most recent value

When the project HPs consume only grid electricity

available at the time ofor captive electricity, the project participant applies

validation is applied andthe CO2 emission factor respectively.

fixed for the monitoring
period thereafter. The data

When the project HPs may consume both gridis sourced from “Gridelectricity and captive electricity, the project

Emission Factor (GEF) ofparticipant applies the CO2 emission factor of lower

Thailand”, endorsed byvalue.

Thailand Greenhouse Gas
Management Organization
unless otherwise instructed[CO2 emission factor]

by the Joint Committee.

For grid electricity: The most recent value available
from the source stated in this table at the time of6[Captive electricity]

JCM_TH_AM008_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03validation.
For the option a)
For captive electricity including cogeneration

Specification of the captivesystem, it is determined based on the following

power generation system

options:

provided by themanufacturer (ηelec [%]).

a) Calculated from its power generation efficiency

CO2 emission factor of the(ηelec [%]) obtained from manufacturer’s

fossil fuel type used in thespecification

captive power generation

The power generation efficiency based on lowersystem (EFfuel [tCO2/GJ])

heating value (LHV) of the captive power generation
system from the manufacturer’s specification isFor the option b)

applied;Generated and supplied𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 = 3.6 ×

100× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙η𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐electricity by the captive
power generation system(EGPJ,p [MWh/p]).

b) Calculated from measured data

Fuel amount consumed by

The power generation efficiency calculated fromthe captive powermonitored data of the amount of fuel input for power

generation system (FCPJ,pgeneration (𝐹𝐶𝑃𝐽,𝑝 ) and the amount of electricity[mass or volume/p]).

generated (𝐸𝐺𝑃𝐽,𝑝 ) during the monitoring period p is

Net calorific value (NCVfuelapplied. The measurement is conducted with the[GJ/mass or volume]) andmonitoring equipment to which calibration certificate CO2 emission factor of theis issued by an entity accredited underfuel (EFfuel [tCO2/GJ]) in

national/international standards;

order of preference:

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 = 𝐹𝐶𝑃𝐽,𝑝 × 𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 × 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 ×1𝐸𝐺𝑃𝐽,𝑝1) values provided by thefuel supplier;

Where:2) measurement by the𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 : Net calorific value of consumed fuelproject participants;[GJ/mass or volume]3) regional or national
default values;

Note:4) IPCC default values

In case the captive electricity generation systemprovided in tables 1.2 andmeets all of the following conditions, the value in the1.4 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006

following table may be applied to EFelec depending

IPCC Guidelines onon the consumed fuel type.

National GHG Inventories.
Lower value is applied.
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・ The system is non-renewable generation system
・ Electricity generation capacity of the system isless than or equal to 15 MW[Captive electricity withfuel typeEFelecDieselfuelNatural gas

0.8 *10.46 *2diesel fuel]CDM approved small scale
methodology: AMS-I.A.

*1 The most recent value at the time of validation is[Captive electricity withapplied.

natural gas]

*2 The value is calculated with the equation in the2006 IPCC Guidelines on

option a) above. The lower value of default effective

National GHG Inventories

CO2 emission factor for natural gas (0.0543tCO2/GJ),

for the source of EF ofand the most efficient value of default efficiency fornatural gas.

off-grid gas turbine systems (42%) are applied.

CDM Methodological tool
"Determining the baseline
efficiency of thermal orelectric energy generation
systems version02.0" forthe default efficiency foroff-grid power plants.

History of the document
Version01.0

Date
14 January 2019

Contents revisedElectronic decision by the Joint Committee
Initial approval.

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