JCM_TH_AM012_ver01.0
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Joint Crediting Mechanism Approved Methodology TH_AM012“Energy Saving by Installation of an Evaporator with Mechanical Vapor Recompression”

A. Title of the methodology
Energy Saving by Installation of an Evaporator with Mechanical Vapor Recompression,
Ver.01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

Evaporator

An evaporator is a device used in a process turning liquid form in a solution
into its vapor to obtain a solution with high concentration.

Mechanical

Mechanical vapor recompression is an energy recovery method whichvapor

boosts low pressure suction vapor generated in an evaporator with arecompression

mechanically driven compressor and uses it again as a heating source in an(MVR)

evaporator to heat a liquid such as an inlet solution.

Thermalvapor Thermal vapor recompression is a process which mixes the low-pressure

recompression

suction vapor generated in an evaporator with a supplied new steam and(TVR）

increases the pressure of the mixed vapor by an ejector to heat a liquid suchas an inlet solution.

Suction ratio

Suction ratio is the indicator of the efficiency for an ejector used in TVR.
It is defined as the amount of recovered vapor per the amount of new steam.

C. Summary of the methodology
Items

Summary

GHG emission reduction Waste heat recovery by installing an evaporator with mechanicalmeasuresvapor recompression.

Calculation of reference Reference emissions are calculated by steam consumption ofemissions

reference evaporator, heating value of the steam, efficiencies ofthe project boiler and CO2 emission factor of fuel for the boiler.

Calculationofproject Project emissions are calculated by electricity consumption and1

JCM_TH_AM012_ver01.0
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steam consumptions by project evaporator and CO2 emission
factors for electricity and steam consumed.

Monitoring parameters•

Total amount of inlet solution to evaporator•

Total amount of evaporation from supplied solution by theproject evaporator•Project steam consumption by project evaporator•Electricity consumption of project evaporator

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

The project installs evaporator(s) which applies mechanical vapor
recompression.

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Consumption of steam supplied from steam generator by reference CO2evaporator
Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Consumption of steam supplied from steam generator by project CO2
evaporator
Electricity consumption of project evaporator

CO2

F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
Reference emissions are calculated by multiplying reference steam consumption, heating value
and CO2 emission factor of fuel for the boiler. The reference steam consumption is determinedby the theoretical formula for the steam consumption of reference evaporator which applies
thermal vapor recompression. In order to secure net emission reductions in this methodology,
the reference emissions are conservatively calculated in the following manners.

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JCM_TH_AM012_ver01.0
Sectoral scope: 03-Setting inlet water temperature for the steam generation at 38.5 degree Celsius which isderived from the highest monthly average atmospheric temperature in Thailand-Setting the suction ratio at 1.2 by taking the highest value within the range of values applied
to the existing evaporator in the market
In addition, possible emissions from auxiliary equipment which cools non-recovered vapor in
the reference system are not taken into account for calculating the reference emissions.

F.2. Calculation of reference emissions
𝑅𝐸𝑝 =∑ 𝑆𝐶𝑅𝐸,𝑖,𝑝 × (ℎ𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚,𝑖 − 𝑆𝑃𝐻 × 𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 )1×× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
1000
𝜂𝑃𝐽ℎREp: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

SCRE,i,p: Reference steam consumption by the reference evaporator i during the periodp [t/p]hsteam,i: Specific enthalpy of supplied steam to the project evaporator i [MJ/t]

SPH: Specific heat capacity of water1 [MJ/(t∙K)]

Tinlet: Inlet water temperature for the steam generation [degree celsius]

ηPJh: Efficiency of project boiler for steam supply [-]EFfuel: CO2 emission factor for the fuel consumed by the project boiler for heatingenergy generation [tCO2/GJ]∑ 𝑆𝐶𝑅𝐸,𝑖,𝑝 = ∑EVtot,i,p(𝐸𝑉𝑡𝑜𝑡,𝑖,𝑝 × 𝐿𝐻𝐸𝑉,𝑖 ) − 𝐹𝐿𝐼𝑁,𝑖,𝑝 × 𝑆𝑃𝐻 × (𝑇𝐿𝑆,𝑖 − 𝑇𝐸𝑉,𝑖 )𝐿𝐻𝐻𝑇,𝑖 × (𝑆𝑅 + 1)

: Total amount of evaporation from supplied solution by the project evaporator iduring the period p [t/p]

LHEV,i: Specific latent heat of the evaporation temperature of solution at the project
evaporator i [MJ/t]

SPH: Specific heat capacity of water1 [MJ/(t∙K)]

TLS,i: Temperature of the supplied solution to the project evaporator i [degreeCelsius]

TEV,i: Evaporation temperature of the solution at the project evaporator i [degreeCelsius]

LHHT,i: Specific latent heat of the heating temperature of the supplied vapor to theproject evaporator i[MJ/t]
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SR: Suction ratio of ejector in the reference evaporator with thermal vapor
recompression [-]FLIN,i,p: Total amount of inlet solution to the evaporator i during the period p [t/p]1This methodology may apply the specific heat capacity of water instead of specific heat
capacities of solution.

G. Calculation of project emissions

𝑃𝐸𝑝 = ∑ 𝐸𝐶𝑃𝐽,𝑖,𝑝 × 𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 +∑ 𝑆𝐶𝑃𝐽,𝑖,𝑝 × (ℎ𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑎𝑚,𝑖 − 𝑆𝑃𝐻 × 𝑇𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 )1000

×1
𝜂𝑃𝐽ℎ× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

PEp: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

ECPJ,i,p: Electricity consumption of the project evaporator i during the period p[MWh/p]

EFelec: CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity [tCO2/MWh]

SCPJ,i,p: Project steam consumption by the project evaporator i during the period p [t/p]hsteam,i: Specific enthalpy of supplied steam to the project evaporator i [MJ/t]

SPH: Specific heat capacity of water [MJ/(t∙K)]

Tinlet:Inlet water temperature for the steam generation [degree celsius]

ηPJh: Efficiency of project boiler for steam supply [-]EFfuel: CO2 emission factor for the fuel consumed by the project boiler for heatingenergy generation [tCO2/GJ]

H. Calculation of emissions reductions
Emission reductions are calculated as the difference between the reference emissions and theproject emissions, as follows:
𝐸𝑅𝑝 = 𝑅𝐸𝑝 − 𝑃𝐸𝑝
ERp: Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]

REp: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

PEp: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]4

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I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
Parameter
𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐Description of dataSource

CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity Case 1)[tCO2/MWh].

[Grid electricity]

When the project evaporator consumes only 1) grid The most recent value
electricity, 2) captive electricity or 3) electricity available at the time of
directly

suppliedfromothersources(e.g. validation is applied andindependent power producer (IPP), small power fixed for the monitoringproducer (SPP) and very small power producer

period thereafter. The data(VSPP)) to the project site, the project participant is sourced from “Gridapplies the CO2 emission factor respectively.
When theproject

Emission Factor (GEF) ofevaporator may consume Thailand”, endorsed byelectricity supplied from more than 1 electric source, Thailand Greenhouse Gas
the project participant applies the CO2 emission Management Organization
factor with the lowest value.

(TGO) unless otherwise
instructed by the Joint[CO2 emission factor]

Committee.

Case 1) Grid electricity
The most recent value available from the source Case 2)
stated in this table at the time of validation[Captive electricity]
For Option a)

Case 2) Captive electricity includingSpecification of the captive

cogeneration system

power generation system

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 is determined based on the following

provided

options:

manufacturer (𝜂𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 [%]).

a) Calculated from its power generation efficiency

CO2 emission factor of the(𝜂𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 [%]) obtained from manufacturer’s

fossil fuel type used in thespecification.

captive power generation

The power generation efficiency based on lowersystem

heating value (LHV) of the captive power[tCO2/GJ])by(the𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

generation system from the manufacturer’s
specification is applied;
𝐸𝐹𝑔𝑒𝑛 = 3.6 ×100
× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙𝜂𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐b) Calculated from measured data5For Option b)
Generated and supplied
electricity by the captivepower generation system(𝐸𝐺𝑃𝐽,𝑝 [MWh/p]).
Fuel amount consumed by

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Parameter

Description of data

Sourcecaptivepower
The power generation efficiency calculated from thegeneration system (𝐹𝐶𝑃𝐽,𝑝monitored data of the amount of fuel input for power[mass or volume/p]).
generation (𝐹𝐶𝑃𝐽,𝑝 ) and the amount of electricity
Net
calorific
value
generated (𝐸𝐺𝑃𝐽,𝑝 ) during the period p is applied.
( 𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 [GJ/mass orThe measurement is conducted with the monitoringvolume])
andCO2equipment to which calibration certificate is issued
emission factor of the fuelby an entity accredited under national/international ( 𝐸𝐹[tCO /GJ]) in2

𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙standards;

order of preference:1
𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 = 𝐹𝐶𝑃𝐽,𝑝 × 𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 × 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 ×
𝐸𝐺𝑃𝐽,𝑝
Where:
𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 : Net calorific value of consumed
fuel [GJ/mass or volume]1) values provided by thefuel supplier;2) measurement by theproject participants;
3) regional or national
default values;

Note:4) IPCC default values

In case the captive electricity generation systemprovided in tables 1.2 andmeets all of the following conditions, the value in

1.4 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006

the following table may be applied to 𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐

IPCC

depending on the consumed fuel type.

National GHG Inventories.

⚫
⚫

Guidelines

The system is non-renewable generation

Thesystem

applied.

default

value

on
is

Electricity generation capacity of the system isless than or equal to 15 MW[Captive electricity withdiesel fuel]fuel type

Diesel fuelNatural gas

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐

0.8 *10.46 *2*1 The most recent value at the time of validation isCDM approved small
scale methodology: AMSI.A.

applied.
*2 The value is calculated with the equation in the[Captive electricity withoption a) above. The lower value of default effective natural gas]
CO2emission
factorfor
naturalgas 2006 IPCC Guidelines on(0.0543tCO2/GJ), and the most efficient value of National GHG Inventories
default efficiency for off-grid gas turbine systems for the source of EF of(42%) are applied.

natural gas.
CDM Methodological tool

Case 3) Electricity directly supplied from other6

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Parameter

Description of data

Sourcesources including cogeneration system"Determining the baseline

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐 is determined based on the following

efficiency of thermal or

options:

electric energy generationa) The value provided by the electricity suppliersystems version 02.0" forwith the evidence;the default efficiency forb) The value calculated in the same manner for theoff-grid power plants.

option a) of 2) captive electricity as instructedCase 3)[Electricitydirectlyc) The value calculated in the same manner for thesuppliedfromotheroption b) of 2) captive electricity as instructedsourcesincluding
cogeneration system]
above;For Option a)
When the project evaporator may consumeTheevidence
stating
electricity supplied from more than 1 electric source,
information relevant to thethe project participant applies the CO2 emission value of emission factor(e.g. data of power
factor with the lowest value.
generation, type of power
plant, type of fossil fuel,period of time).
SpecificationsoftheEfficiency of the project boiler for steam supply. If
project
boilerfrom
multiple boilers are installed, the most efficient
catalogue or prepared forvalue is applied.
the quotation.
above;

ηPJh

CO2 emission factor for the fuel consumed by the[Default value]
CDM Methodological tool
"Determining the baseline
efficiency of thermal orelectric energy generation
systems version02.0" forthe default efficiency of
project boiler.
The default values should
be updated along with therevision of the CDM tool.
In the order of preference:

project boiler for heating energy generationa) values provided by the[tCO2/GJ]

fuel supplier;

In case that the efficiency cannot be identified, oneof the following default values is applied according
to the fuel used for the boiler.
Natural gas: 0.92 [-]Oil: 0.9 [-]EFfuelb) measurement by the
project participants;
In case that the efficiency cannot be identified, one7c) national default values;JCM_TH_AM012_ver01.0
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Parameter

Description of data

Sourceof the following default values is applied accordingd) IPCC default values

to the fuel used for the boiler.

provided in table 1.4 of
Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC

Natural gas: 0.0543 [tCO2/GJ]

GuidelinesonNational

Oil: 0.0726 [tCO2/GJ]

GHG Inventories. Lower
value is applied.

hsteam,i

Specific enthalpy of supplied steam to the project Based on steam table using
evaporator i [MJ/t]

the values in operating
manualoravalue

In case that the value applied for this parameter has displayed on the control
changed, the newly applied value and its date ofpanel at factory

occurrence is recorded and stored, then start the newmonitoring period with the new value as fixed exante.
TinletInlet water temperature for the steam generation.
Thehighestmonthly

average

Thai

Meteorologicalatmospheric Department(2016)

temperature in Thailand is applied.

"Climatological Data for

Default value is set to 38.5 [degree Celsius].

thePeriod

1981–2010"

unless otherwise instructedby the Joint Committee.

LHHT,i

Specific latent heat of the heating temperature of the Based on steam tablesupplied vapor to the project evaporator i [MJ/t]

using the values inoperating manual or aIn case that this parameter has changed, the newly value displayed on theapplied value and its date of occurrence is recorded control panel at factoryand stored, then start the new monitoring period with
the new value as fixed ex ante.
SRSuction ratio of ejector in the reference evaporator Value derived from thewith thermal vapor recompression.

result of survey. Default

Default value is set to 1.2 [-].

value, 1.2, should be
revised if necessary.

SPH

Specific heat capacity of water.
Default value is set to 4.18 [MJ/(t∙K)]

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Parameter
TLS,i

Description of data

SourceTemperature of the supplied solution to the project

Operating manual or aevaporator i [degree Celsius].

value displayed on thecontrol panel at factory

In case that this parameter has changed, the newly
applied value and its date of occurrence is recorded
and stored, then start the new monitoring period with
the new value as fixed ex ante.
TEV,i

Evaporation temperature of the solution at theOperating manual or a

project evaporator i [degree Celsius].

value displayed on thecontrol panel at factory

In case that this parameter has changed, the newly
applied value and its date of occurrence is recorded
and stored, then start the new monitoring period with
the new value as fixed ex ante.
LHEV,i

Specific latent heat of the evaporation temperature of Based on steam table using
solution at the project evaporator i [MJ/t].

the values in operating
manualoravalue

In case that this parameter has changed, the newly displayed on the control
applied value and its date of occurrence is recorded panel at factoryand stored, then start the new monitoring period with
the new value as fixed ex ante.

History of the document
Version01.0

Date
20 September 2021

Contents revisedElectronic decision by the Joint Committee
Initial approval.

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