JCM_TH_AM009_ver01.0
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Joint Crediting Mechanism Approved Methodology TH_AM009“Installation of gas engine cogeneration system to supply electricity and heat”
A. Title of the methodology
Installation of gas engine cogeneration system to supply electricity and heat, Version 01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

Cogeneration System (CGS)

A system that consists of power generator(s) and heatgenerating equipment (e.g. heat recovery steam generator,
exhaust heat exchanger, etc.) and supplies both electricityand heat, recovering waste heat exhausted from the power
generator(s). The power generator(s) is a gas engine(s) in thismethodology.

Recipient Facility

A cluster of buildings and/or plants (or building/plant itself)
to which electricity and heat generated by CGS are supplied.

Boiler Efficiency

Net quantity of heat generated per quantity of energy
contained in fuel fired in the boiler.

C. Summary of the methodology
Items
GHG

emissionmeasures

Summary
reduction Electricity and heat generated by a CGS installed in a projectsite substitute all or part of grid and/or captive electricity as
well as heat, which leads to efficient energy use of recipientfacility(ies) and in turn GHG emission reductions.

Calculation
emissions

ofreference Reference emissions are CO2 emissions from the use of grid
and/or captive electricity and heat generated by a reference
boiler, which are calculated based on: the amount of electricity
consumed by the recipient facility(ies) which is generated by
the CGS; the amount of heat consumed by the recipientfacility(ies) which is generated by the CGS; CO2 emission1

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factors for consumed electricity in the recipient facility(ies);reference boiler efficiency and fossil fuel consumed by thereference boiler.
Calculationofproject Project emissions are CO2 emissions from the use of CGS,

emissionswhich are calculated based on: the amount of gas fuelconsumed by the CGS; net calorific value of gas fuelconsumed by the CGS; and CO2 emission factor of gas fuelconsumed by the CGS.
 Amount of electricity consumed by the recipient

Monitoring parameters

facility(ies) which is generated by the CGS
 Amount of heat consumed by the recipient facility(ies)which is generated by the CGS
 Amount of gas fuel consumed by the CGS

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

A CGS, whose electricity is generated by a gas engine(s), is newly installed andsupplies electricity and heat to recipient facility(ies).

Criterion 2

Electricity and heat, each of which is generated in separate systems, is supplied
to and consumed by recipient facility(ies) before the installation of a projectCGS.

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Electricity consumption in recipient facility(ies)

CO2

Fossil fuel consumption for production of heat consumed in recipient CO2facility(ies)
Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Gas fuel consumption by CGS

CO22

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F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
Reference emissions are calculated based on: the amount of electricity generated by the CGS
and consumed by the recipient facility(ies); the amount of heat generated by the CGS andconsumed by the recipient facility(ies); reference boiler efficiency; and CO2 emission factors for
consumed electricity in the recipient facility(ies) and fossil fuel consumed by the referenceboiler.
A default value for the reference boiler efficiency is conservatively set to 89 [%] taking thehighest value among those products sold in Thailand, so as to ensure net emission reductions.
F.2. Calculation of reference emissions

𝑹𝑬𝒑=∑ 𝑹𝑬𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄,𝒊,𝒑 + ∑ 𝑹𝑬𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒕,𝒊,𝒑𝒊=𝒊∑(𝑬𝑪𝒊,𝒑 × 𝑬𝑭𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄,𝒊 ) + ∑ 𝑯𝑪𝒊,𝒑 ×𝒊𝒊

𝟏𝟎𝟎× 𝑬𝑭𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝑹𝑬𝜼𝑹𝑬Where𝑅𝐸𝑝: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

𝑅𝐸𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖,𝑝: Reference emissions for electricity consumed by the recipient facility iwhich is generated by the CGS during the period p [tCO2/p]

𝑅𝐸ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡,𝑖,𝑝: Reference emissions for heat consumed by the recipient facility i whichis generated by the CGS during the period p [tCO2/p]𝐸𝐶𝑖,𝑝: Amount of electricity consumed by the recipient facility i which isgenerated by the CGS during the period p [MWh/p]

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖: CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity in the recipient facility i[tCO2/MWh]𝐻𝐶𝑖,𝑝: Amount of heat consumed by the recipient facility i which is generatedby the CGS during the period p [GJ/p]

𝜂𝑅𝐸: Reference boiler efficiency [%]𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑅𝐸: CO2 emission factor for fossil fuel consumed by the reference boiler[tCO2/GJ]

𝑖: Identification number for the recipient facility to which electricity andheat generated by the CGS is supplied3

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G. Calculation of project emissions

𝑷𝑬𝒑=𝑭𝑪𝑪𝑮𝑺,𝒑 × 𝑵𝑪𝑽𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝑪𝑮𝑺 × 𝑬𝑭𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍,𝑷𝑱Where
𝑃𝐸𝑝: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

𝐹𝐶𝐶𝐺𝑆,𝑝: Amount of gas fuel consumed by the CGS during the period p [mass orvolume/p]

𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝐶𝐺𝑆: Net calorific value of gas fuel consumed by the CGS [GJ/mass orvolume]

𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑃𝐽: CO2 emission factor for gas fuel consumed by the CGS [tCO2/GJ]

H. Calculation of emissions reductions

𝑬𝑹𝒑=𝑹𝑬𝒑 − 𝑷𝑬𝒑

Where
𝐸𝑅𝑝

: Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]

𝑅𝐸𝑝: Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

𝑃𝐸𝑝: Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
Parameter𝜂𝑅𝐸

Description of data

SourceReference boiler efficiency.

Value derived from theDefault value is set to 89 [%].

result of survey. The defaultvalue, 89 [%], should be
revised if necessary.

𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝐶𝐺𝑆

Net calorific value of gas fuel consumed by theIn the order of preference:

CGS [GJ/mass or volume].

a) values provided by fuelsupplier;b) measurement by the4

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project participants;c) regional or national
default values; ord) IPCC default values

provided in table 1.2 ofCh.1 Vol.2 of 2006
IPCC Guidelines on
National GHG
Inventories. Upper value
is applied.
𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖

CO2 emission factor for consumed electricity in [Grid electricity]
the recipient facility i [tCO2/MWh].

The

mostrecentvalue

available at the time of
When the recipient facility consumes only grid validation is applied andelectricity or captive electricity, the project fixed for the monitoring
participant applies the CO2 emission factor period thereafter. The data issourcedrespectively.

from“GridEmission Factor (GEF) of
When both grid electricity and captive electricity Thailand”,endorsedby

may be consumed in the recipient facility, the Thailand Greenhouse Gas
project participant applies the CO2 emission factor Management Organization,with lower value.

unless otherwise instructedby the Joint Committee.

[CO2 emission factor]
For grid electricity: The most recent value[Captive electricity]

available from the source stated in this table at theFor the option a)time of validation
Specification of the captive
For captive electricity including cogeneration

power generation systemsystem, it is determined based on the following

connected to the recipient

options:

facility i, provided by themanufacturer (𝜂𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 [%]).

a) Calculated from its power generation efficiency

CO2 emission factor of the(𝜂𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 [%]) obtained from manufacturer’sfuel consumed by thespecification

captive power generation

The power generation efficiency based on lower

system connected to theheating value (LHV) of the captive powerrecipient facility i5

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generation system from the manufacturer’s(𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 [tCO2/GJ]) in

specification is applied;order of preference:

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖 = 3.6 ×

100× 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖𝜂𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖1) values provided by thefuel supplier;2)

measurement

bytheb) Calculated from measured data

project participants;

The power generation efficiency calculated from3)

monitored data of the amount of fuel input for

default values;

power generation (𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝 ) and the amount of4)

electricity generated (𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝 ) during theprovided in table 1.4 ofmonitoring period p is applied. The measurement

Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006 IPCC

is conducted with the monitoring equipment toGuidelines

which calibration certificate is issued by an entity

GHG Inventories. Lower

accredited under national/international standards;

value is applied.

regional
IPCC

or

national

default

valuesonNational

𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖 = 𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝 × 𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 × 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖×

1

For the option b)

𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝Generated

Where:

andsupplied

electricity by the captive

𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 : Net calorific value of the fuel power generation system
consumed by the captive power generation system connected to the recipientconnected to the recipient facility i [GJ/mass or facility
volume]i

𝐸𝐺𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝([MWh/p]).
Fuel amount consumed byNote:thecaptivepower

In case the captive electricity generation systemgeneration

connected to the recipient facility i meets all of theconnected to the recipient

following conditions, the value in the following

facility i (𝐹𝐶𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖,𝑝 [mass ortable may be applied to 𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖 depending on thevolume/p]).

consumed fuel type.

Netsystem

calorificvalue( 𝑁𝐶𝑉𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 [GJ/mass orThe system is non-renewable generationvolume]) and CO2 emission

systemfactorElectricity generation capacity of the system( 𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑐𝑎𝑝,𝑖 [tCO2/GJ]) inis less than or equal to 15 MW

order of preference:ofthefuel1) values provided by thefuel typeDiesel
fuelNatural gas

fuel supplier;2)

6measurement

bytheJCM_TH_AM009_ver01.0
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𝐸𝐹𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑐,𝑖

0.8 *10.46 *2

project participants;
3)*1 The most recent value at the time of validation
is applied.
*2 The value is calculated with the equation in theoption a) above. The lower value of default
effective CO2 emission factor for natural gas(0.0543 tCO2/GJ), and the most efficient value ofdefault efficiency for off-grid gas turbine systems(42%) are applied.

regionalor

national

default

valuesdefault values;
4)

IPCC

provided in tables 1.2 and1.4 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006
IPCCGuidelineson

National GHG Inventories.
Lower value is applied.
[Captive electricity withdiesel fuel]CDM approved small scale
methodology: AMS-I.A.
[Captive electricity withnatural gas]
2006 IPCC Guidelines on
National GHG Inventories
for the source of EF ofnatural gas.
CDM Methodological tool
"Determining the baseline
efficiency of thermal orelectric energy generation
systems version02.0" for thedefault efficiency foroff-grid power plants.

𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑅𝐸

CO2 emission factor for fossil fuel consumed by In the order of preference:
the reference boiler [tCO2/GJ].

a) values provided by fuelCO2 emission factor of natural gas is applied inthis methodology in a conservative manner.

supplier;b) measurement by the
project participants;c) regional or national
default values; ord) IPCC default values
provided in table 1.4 of7

JCM_TH_AM009_ver01.0
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Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006
IPCC Guidelines onNational GHG
Inventories. Lower value
is applied.
𝐸𝐹𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙,𝑃𝐽

CO2 emission factor for gas fuel consumed by theIn order of preference:

CGS [tCO2/GJ].

a) values provided by fuelsupplier;b) measurement by the
project participants;c) regional or national
default values; ord) IPCC default values

provided in table 1.4 of
Ch.1 Vol.2 of 2006
IPCC Guidelines on
National GHG
Inventories. Upper value
is applied.
History of the document
Version01.0

Date
14 January 2019

Contents revisedElectronic decision by the Joint Committee
Initial approval.

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