JCM_ID_F_PM_ver01.0

JCM Proposed Methodology Form
Cover sheet of the Proposed Methodology Form
Form for submitting the proposed methodology
Host Country

The Republic of Indonesia

Name of the methodology proponents Hokusan Co., Ltd.
submitting this form
Sectoral scope(s) to which the Proposed 7. Transport
Methodology applies
Title of the proposed methodology, and Introduction
version numberof

CNG-Diesel

Equipment to Public Buses, Version 01.0

List of documents to be attached to this form

The attached draft JCM-PDD:(please check):

Additional information

Date of completion

24/08/2020

History of the proposed methodology
Version1.0

HybridDate
24/08/2020

Contents revisedFirst edition1

JCM_ID_F_PM_ver01.0

A. Title of the methodology
Introduction of CNG-Diesel Hybrid Equipment to Public Buses, Version 01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms

Definitions

CNG-diesel hybrid equipment

Equipment (i.e. CNG fuel tank, fuel pressure regulator,fuel injector) which enables diesel engines to combust
diesel fuel and CNG at the same time

C. Summary of the methodology
Items
GHG

emissionmeasures

Summary
reduction Introduction of CNG-diesel hybrid equipment to public buseswith diesel engines enables to replace diesel fuel with CNG,
and also enables to improve fuel efficiency of buses, which leadto GHG emission reductions.

Calculationofemissions

reference Reference emissions are emissions from buses without CNGdiesel hybrid equipment which consume diesel fuel only. They
are calculated with CNG and diesel fuel consumption by projectbuses, net calorific value of CNG and diesel fuel, CO2 emission
factor of diesel fuel, and fuel efficiency of project bus andreference bus.

Calculation
emissionsofproject Project emissions are emissions from buses with CNG-diesel
hybrid equipment which consume both CNG and diesel fuel.
They are calculated with CNG and diesel fuel consumption by
project buses, net calorific value of CNG and diesel fuel, andCO2 emission factor of CNG and diesel fuel.
Project emissions from fuel consumption by project fuel trucks
to carry CNG from the supplier of CNG to the CNG stations areexcluded from project emissions since the emissions from fueltrucks to carry diesel fuel in reference scenario are considered
to be the same as the ones for CNG in project scenario.

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Monitoring parameters

CNG consumption by project busesDiesel fuel consumption by project busesDrive distance of project buses

D. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

CNG-diesel hybrid equipment is newly installed to the public transport buses
which have already been in operation or are newly procured.

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Diesel fuel consumption by reference buses

CO2

Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types

Diesel fuel consumption by project buses

CO2CNG consumption by project buses

CO2F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
Reference emissions are calculated with CNG consumption and diesel fuel consumption by
project buses, net calorific value of CNG and diesel fuel, CO2 emission factor of diesel fuel,and fuel efficiency of project bus and reference bus.
Fuel efficiency of project bus is determined ex-post based on monitored data, which reflect
actual fuel efficiency. On the other hand, fuel efficiency of reference bus is determined ex-antefrom the following three options in a conservative manner to ensure net emission reductions:[Option 1]
Daily data sets of drive distance and diesel fuel consumption of bus i are collected prior toinstallation of CNG-diesel hybrid equipment. The highest value (the most efficient value) fromthe measured data sets for at least 60 days is selected and determined as fuel efficiency of3

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reference bus i.
[Option 2]
A catalogue value of fuel efficiency of bus i which is converted from mono diesel fuelcombustion to CNG-diesel hybrid combustion in the project is determined as fuel efficiency ofreference bus i.
A catalogue value usually shows better fuel efficiency than the one which is calculated for thebus being operated. Therefore, setting a default value of fuel efficiency of reference bus basedon the catalogue values is conservative.
[Option 3]
The default value set in this methodology is applied as fuel efficiency of reference bus i.
The default values are determined from the most recent catalogue values of public buses
manufactured by Japanese manufacturers, which usually show better fuel efficiency than theones which are calculated for the bus being operated, hence conservative.

F.2. Calculation of reference emissionsܴ‫ܧ‬௣ = ෍ ቊൣ൫‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,஼ேீ,௜,௣ × ܰ‫ܸܥ‬஼ேீ ൯ + ൫‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣ × ܰ‫ܸܥ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟ ൯൧ ×௜ߟ௉௃,௜,௣
ቋ × ‫ܨܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟
ߟோா,௜

Whereܴ‫ܧ‬௣‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,஼ேீ,௜,௣ܰ‫ܸܥ‬஼ேீ‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣ܰ‫ܸܥ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟
ߟ௉௃,௜,௣

Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]
CNG consumption by project bus i during the period p [t/p]*
Net calorific value of CNG [GJ/t]
Diesel fuel consumption by project bus i during the period p [kl/p]
Net calorific value of diesel fuel [GJ/kl]
Fuel efficiency of project bus i during the period p [km/l]

ߟோா,௜

Fuel efficiency of reference bus i [km/l]i

Identification number of project buses‫ܨܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟

CO2 emission factor of diesel fuel [tCO2/GJ]*When CNG consumption by project bus is monitored in units of LSP (Litter Setara Premium),the value is converted in units of tonne [t] with the equation below.
CNG consumption [t] = CNG consumption [LSP] × 0.7218 × 10-34JCM_ID_F_PM_ver01.0[Source] Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
Fuel efficiency of project bus i during the period p (ߟ௉௃,௜,௣ ) is calculated with the followingequation.

ߟ௉௃,௜,௣ =Whereܶ‫ܦ‬௉௃,௜,௣‫ܥܨܪ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣ × 10ଷ‫ܥܨܪ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣ = ෍ ‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,஼ேீ,௜,௣ × ܰ‫ܸܥ‬஼ேீ ÷ ܰ‫ܸܥ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟ + ෍ ‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣

ߟ௉௃,௜,௣ܶ‫ܦ‬௉௃,௜,௣‫ܥܨܪ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,஼ேீ,௜,௣ܰ‫ܸܥ‬஼ேீ

ܰ‫ܸܥ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟

‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣

i

௜

௜

Fuel efficiency of project bus i during the period p [km/l]
Total drive distance of project bus i during the period p [km/p]
Hypothetical total diesel fuel consumption by project bus i during theperiod p [kl/p]
CNG consumption by project bus i during the period p [t/p]Net calorific value of CNG [GJ/t]
Net calorific value of diesel fuel [GJ/kl]
Diesel fuel consumption by project bus i during the period p [kl/p]
Identification number of project buses

G. Calculation of project emissionsܲ‫ܧ‬௣ = ܲ‫ܧ‬஼ேீ,௣ + ܲ‫ܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௣ܲ‫ܧ‬஼ேீ,௣ = ෍൫‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,஼ேீ,௜,௣ × ܰ‫ܸܥ‬஼ேீ × ‫ܨܧ‬஼ேீ ൯௜ܲ‫ܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௣ = ෍൫‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣ × ܰ‫ܸܥ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟ × ‫ܨܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟ ൯௜

Whereܲ‫ܧ‬௣ܲ‫ܧ‬஼ேீ,௣ܲ‫ܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௣

Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]
Project emissions from CNG consumption by project buses during the periodp [tCO2/p]
Project emissions from diesel fuel consumption by project buses during theperiod p [tCO2/p]5

JCM_ID_F_PM_ver01.0‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,஼ேீ,௜,௣ܰ‫ܸܥ‬஼ேீ
‫ܨܧ‬஼ேீ‫ܥܨ‬௉௃,ௗ௜௘௦௘௟,௜,௣

CNG consumption by project bus i during the period p [t/p]Net calorific value of CNG [GJ/t]
CO2 emission factor of CNG [tCO2/GJ]
Diesel fuel consumption by project bus i during the period p [kl/p]ܰ‫ܸܥ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟

Net calorific value of diesel fuel [GJ/kl]

iIdentification number of project buses‫ܨܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟

CO2 emission factor of diesel fuel [tCO2/GJ]

H. Calculation of emissions reductions

Where‫ܴܧ‬௣

ܴ‫ܧ‬௣

ܲ‫ܧ‬௣

‫ܴܧ‬௣ = ܴ‫ܧ‬௣ − ܲ‫ܧ‬௣Emission reductions during the period p [tCO2/p]
Reference emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]
Project emissions during the period p [tCO2/p]

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
Parameter

Description of dataܰ‫ܸܥ‬஼ேீNet calorific value of CNG [GJ/t]

SourceIn the order of preference:a) value provided by fuelsupplier;b) value measured by theproject participants;c) regional or national default
value; ord) IPCC default value provided
in table 1.2 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of2006 IPCC Guidelines on
National GHG Inventories.
Lower value is applied.

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ܰ‫ܸܥ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟

Net calorific value of diesel fuel [GJ/kl]

In the order of preference:a) value provided by fuelsupplier;b) value measured by the
project participants;c) regional or national default
value; ord) IPCC default value provided
in table 1.2 of Ch.1 Vol.2 of2006 IPCC Guidelines on
National GHG Inventories.
Lower value is applied.

‫ܨܧ‬஼ேீ

CO2 emission factor of CNG [tCO2/GJ]

In the order of preference:a) value provided by fuelsupplier;b) value measured by the
project participants;c) regional or national default
value; ord) IPCC default value provided
in table 3.2.1 of Ch.3 Vol.2 of2006 IPCC Guidelines on
National GHG Inventories.
Higher value is applied.

‫ܨܧ‬ௗ௜௘௦௘௟

CO2 emission factor of diesel fuel [tCO2/GJ]

In the order of preference:a) value provided by fuelsupplier;b) value measured by theproject participants;c) regional or national default
value; ord) IPCC default value provided
in table 3.2.1 of Ch.3 Vol.2 of2006 IPCC Guidelines on
National GHG Inventories.
Lower value is applied.

ߟோா,௜Fuel efficiency of reference bus i [km/l]

7[Option 1]

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Measured data.
Fuel efficiency of reference bus isdetermined ex-ante in the following manner.

[Option 2]
Catalogue values of fuel[Option 1]

efficiency provided by bus

Fuel efficiency of reference bus i ismanufacturer.

determined based on measured data of bus i
prior to installation of CNG-diesel hybrid[Option 3]

equipment.

The catalogues of public buses

Daily data sets of drive distance and diesel

manufactured by Japanesefuel consumption of bus i are collected prior

manufacturers.

to installation of CNG-diesel hybrid

The default value is revised if

equipment for at least 60 days. The highest

deemed necessary by the JC.

value (the most efficient value) from themeasured data sets is selected anddetermined as fuel efficiency of reference
bus i.
[Option 2]
Catalogue value of fuel efficiency of bus iwhich is converted from mono diesel fuelcombustion to CNG-diesel hybrid
combustion in the project is determined asfuel efficiency of reference bus i.
[Option 3]
The default value in the following table inline with the total displacement is applied asfuel efficiency of reference bus i. (“x” in thetable represents the total displacement ofproject bus i)
Totalx < 5.2L

displacement (5,200cc)
ߟோா,௜

5.2L(5,200cc) ≤x
4.7

6.58

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