Asian Disaster Reduction Center

Visiting Researcher Program
Final Report

Josefina T. Porcil
Office of Civil Defense –National Disaster Coordinating Council(OCD-NDCC) Philippines

Outline of Presentation
I.

General Information● Republic of the Philippines● JapanII.The Philippine Disaster
Management SystemIII.

Disaster Management of JapanIV.
Knowledge and Experiences
Gained thru the ADRC Visiting
Researcher Program
V.

Climate ChangeRepublic of the Philippines

Republic of the Philippines

Republic of the Philippines
 Land area: 299,764 sq.kms.
 Major Islands: Luzon, Visayasand Mindanao
 7,100 islands Capital: Manila
 Population: 88.57 million (as ofAugust 2007)
 Climate: Tropical and maritime

JapanJapan Land area: 378,000 sq.kms.
 Major Islands: Honshu, Shikoku,Hokkaido, and Kyushu
 Capital: Tokyo
 Population: 127.77 million
 Climate: Clear-cut temperaturechanges between the fourseasons Religions: Shintoism andBuddhism

The Philippine Disaster
Management System

Natural Hazards
in the Philippines

Recent Disasters in the Philippines
Typhoon Ketsana Typhoon Parma 464 dead
 Affected:- 997,983
families- 4,929,382
persons Damage:- PhP11.106 Billion(US$236.3M)
 Damaged houses:- 27,808 totally destroyed- 130,736 partially damaged 465 dead
 Affected:- 954,087
families- 4,478,284
persons Damage:- PhP25.195 Billion(US$536M)
 Damaged houses:- 6,253 totally destroyed- 48,120 partially damaged•

A nationwide state of calamity
has been declared.

Proposed DRRM Bill/DRM Act of 2009 “Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction,
Management and Recovery Act of 2009” Senate Bill No. 3086 entitled “An Act
Strengthening the Philippine DisasterRisk Reduction, Management andRecovery Capability by Institutionalizing
the National Disaster Risk Reduction,Management and Recovery Framework,
Appropriating Funds Therefor and For
Other Purposes”

Proposed DRRM Bill/DRM Act of 2009
 Declaration of Policies:

Mainstream disaster risk reduction and climate change
in development processes such as policy formulation, socioeconomic development planning, budgeting, and governance,
particularly in the areas of environment, agriculture, water,energy, health, education, poverty reduction, land-use andurban planning, and public infrastructure and housing, among
others.

 Scope:Bill/Act provides for the development of policies andplans and the implementation of actions and measurespertaining to all aspects of disaster risk reduction,management and recovery, including good governance, risk
assessment and early warning, knowledge building andawareness raising, reducing underlying risk factors, andpreparedness for effective response and early recovery.

Proposed DRRM Bill/DRM Act of 2009
 Once enacted, the new law shall adopt andadhere to principles and strategies consistent
with the international standards set by theHyogo Framework for Action (HFA).
 The present National Disaster Coordinating
Council (NDCC) shall henceforth be known asthe National Disaster Risk Reduction,
Management and Recovery Council (NDRRMRC)
or the Council.
 Secretary of National Defense as Chairman with
17 other departments and agencies as members

Powers and Functionsof the NDRRMRC
 Develop, formulate, and implement a National
Disaster Risk Reduction, Management andRecovery Framework and Plan (NDRRMRF andNDRRMRP).
 Recommend to the President the declaration of aState of Calamity and submit remedial proposals.
 In coordination with the Climate Change
Commission, formulate and implement aframework for climate change adaptation anddisaster risk reduction, management and recovery.

Office of Civil Defense (OCD) Shall have the primary mission of administering acomprehensive national civil defense and disasterrisk reduction, management and recovery program Serve as the Executive Director of the Council
 Establish a “National Disaster Risk Reduction,Management and Recovery Operations Center(NDRRMROC) which shall operate 24/7
 Evaluate, assess local government plans; conduct
trainings
 Establish Councils at the regional, provincial,municipality, city, and barangay levels

Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP) A long term plan developed by NDCC, thru OCD, withtechnical support from UNISDR and UNDP
 A “road map” indicating the vision and strategic
objectives of the Philippines for the next 10 years whilepursuing the strategic goals of the Hyogo Frameworkfor Action (HFA) It aims to build the resilience of communities todisasters, reduce disaster losses in lives, in the social,economic and environmental assets of communities andcountries.
 The SNAP objectives provide support to strengthen
cooperation and coordination mechanisms among
various sectors and stakeholders.

Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP) It will sustain disaster risk reduction initiatives in thecountry and promote good practices of individuals,organizations, local government units, and the private
sector.
 SNAP takes off from the Four-Point Plan of Action on
Disaster Preparedness (4PPADP) of the NDCC andcontains 18 priority programs and projects from 2009 to2019 based on 150 strategic actions gathered after
several consultations with stakeholder groups.
 To better implement SNAP, the Philippine legislaturemust enact a progressive bill to amend the reactive
stance that PD 1566 posits.
 Approval of SNAP is in progress.

Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP)

Five strategic objectives under which the 18 priority
SNAP programs/projects are classified

Natural Hazards in Japan

Disaster Management of Japan

Disaster Management of Japan
Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act (1961)
Main features:Responsibilities of national and local governments as well as
the private sector and the people
Organization of multi-sectoral coordination bodies for disasterrisk management at the national and local levels
Disaster risk management planning system
Basic actions to be taken in each phase of the disastermanagement cycle: prevention/preparedness, emergency
response, and recovery/rehabilitation
Annual Government Official Report on Disaster
CountermeasuresDisaster Management of Japan

Disaster Management of Japan

Disaster Management of Japan

Knowledge andExperiences Gained
thru the ADRC
Visiting Researcher Program

Field Trips/Visits/
Educational Tours Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) – monitors
extreme natural phenomena, such as,
earthquake, tsunami, typhoon, and heavy rains.
 Focuses its efforts on monitoring the earth’s
environment and forecasting natural
phenomena in the atmosphere, oceans andearth.
 Conducts research and technical development
in relevant fields.
 Prevention and mitigation of natural disastersJapan Meteorological Agency (JMA)Cabinet OfficeGovernment of JapanThe Cabinet Office is
responsible for formulating basic
policies, strategies and guidelines
for disaster reduction and for
securing coordination ofgovernment disaster reduction
activities.

Cabinet Office
Government of Japan

Wakayama Prefecture

Tsunami Risk Reduction
Educational CenterEarthquake
and tsunami
monitoring
instruments

Hamaguchi Goryo Memorial Center
Inamura-no-Hi Story

Tsunami Simulation

NHK Japan Broadcasting Corporation
 NHK DisasterBroadcast
 Enhanced databroadcasting system
 State-of-the-art
equipment Digital satellite
broadcasting Emergency early
warning system

Tokyo Metropolitan Government

Honjo Life Safety Learning CenterShizuoka Prefecture

Earthquake Disaster
Risk Reduction
CenterShizuoka City’s
Disaster Management System
 Involvement of citizens in disaster management activities
 Earthquake Disaster Prevention Guidebook, flyers,
magazines and other materials
 Preparedness/countermeasures for a future Tokai
Earthquake and tsunami
 3 keywords for disaster management: self aid, mutual aid,
and public aid

Nagasaki Prefecture 2 disaster symbols
in Nagasaki:- atomic bomb
- elementaryschool buriedin pyroclastic
flows froma volcano

Nagasaki
UrakamiCathedral
AtomicBomb
Explosion
HypocenterPeace ParkNojima Fault Preservationand Museum

Nigawa-Yurino-cho
Landslide Museum

Tsunami Storm Surge Disaster
Prevention Station (Osaka)
Mitigation and Preparedness
Projects/Programs Water contingencies
 Construction of floodgates, dikes
 Anti-tidal measures/tidal surge
protection facilities

Tsunami Storm Surge Disaster
Prevention Station (Osaka)

Educational/Informative
Programs and Activities
Earthquake Simulation Truck ExperienceDisaster Reduction and Human
Renovation Institution (DRI)
Earthquake Memorial Building

Port of Kobe
Earthquake Memorial Park

JICA Seminar on
Climate ChangeWorkshops/Trainings/Drills
Attended

JICA Training Course"Dissemination and Establishment
of Disaster Prevention Culture
for Asian Countries"

Joint Emergency Drills
Comprehensive Disaster Management Drills by Hyogo
Prefecture, Sumoto City, Minami Awaji City,and Awaji City at Awaji Island

Drills in Miki City
Miki Fire Training Center

Drills in Kobe on
Terrorism Attacks

United Nations Centre for
Regional Development (UNCRD)
 Disaster Management Planning Hyogo
Office 10th Anniversary
 International Symposium on Disaster
Management for Sustainable RegionalDevelopment

GIS Application TrainingKobe University“Public Reporting Sessions on theRecent Disasters in Indonesia,the Philippines, and Taiwan”

IRP Regional Workshop
 “Action by Stakeholders for Effective Managementof Post-Disaster Recovery”, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
 Early Recovery Initiatives of the Republic of thePhilippines on the Effects Brought About byTyphoons “Ketsana” and “Parma”

Disaster Mitigation
Education

Support toDisaster Mitigation Education
 Hyogo Board of Education programs that raiseawareness of students and the people on various
disasters in Japan
 Promoting Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Education(2005) – with brochures for elementary and HighSchool to enhance awareness of Disaster Mitigation
 New Disaster Mitigation Curriculum School Disaster Mitigation Manual (as Guide) Schools and government cooperate to create
disaster mitigation system

Promoting Seismic Retrofitting ofSchool Buildings in Japan by MEXT School Safety Initiatives in Japan
 Promotion of earthquakeresistant/resistance evaluationof school buildings in Japan Effectiveness of Structural
Seismic Retrofitting of schoolbuildings

Earthquake-resistant
Construction Method
Attach steel frame
braces tocolumns andbeams
Reinforced concrete
walls inside thebuilding

Column reinforcement
by attaching steel plateof carbon fiber

Reinforced components
outside the building

Education
 Disaster Mitigation
Education –Maiko High School
 Disaster Management
Course –Fuji Tokoha University

Climate Change

Climate Change Mitigation
Measures in Japan
 Shifting to a Low-Carbon
Society Reduction of emissions
 Enhancement of theremovals of greenhousegases

Climate Change Adaptation
Measures in Japan
 Review of past floods/categorize flooding patterns
 Runoff analysis and flood analysis
 Categorize flooding pattern/Divide flooding
patterns into blocks by land features and river Calculate damage and effect/description of disasterrisk into Risk Map by blocks – e.g. prediction ofvictims
 Consider effective and efficient adaptation
measures – bank strengthening, disaster prevention
station, new road embankment, drainage pump

Adaptation Using Structures
 Constructing new structures
 High standard embankments
 Flood control (dams)
 Underground Discharging
Channel Storage facilities

Assistance of theJapanese Government
 The Government of Japan has been
providing funds on the scale of US$10Billion
for the next five years to assist developing
countries in making efforts to reduce GHGs
emissions and achieve economic growth in acompatible way.
 Transfer Japanese technology and promote
GHGs emission reductions at global level(e.g. improvement in energy efficiency ofpower generation)

Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA)
 Promotion of adaptation measures to climate change, based on
the concept of “human security” as a critical basic policy fordevelopment assistance Provision of development assistance to developing countries
thru technical cooperation projects
 Strengthening the capacity for adaptation of countries andsectors where serious climate change impacts are expected Mitigation: protection and conservation of forests, diversificationof energy resources, promotion of energy efficiency
 Adaptation: preparation for weather disasters, establishment oforganizations/systems for integrated water management,
improving access to water supply and sewerage, strengthening
irrigation management/facilities and agricultural leadership
structures, introduction of crop varieties for arid regions, anddisaster management

JICA Projects on
Climate Change Mitigation
 Zafara Wind Power Plant Project (Egypt)
 Metro Manila Transport Project (Philippines)
 Environmentally Friendly Solutions Fund (E-Friends)
Project (Sri Lanka)
 Master Plan Study for Utilization of Solar Energy(Nigeria)
 Support on Forest Resources Management throughLeveraging Satellite Image Information (Indonesia)
 Project for Implementation Support for 3R Initiative inHanoi City to Contribute to the Development of a SoundMaterial Society (Vietnam)

JICA Projects on
Climate Change Adaptation
 Various Training Courses
 Iloilo Flood Control Project (Philippines) Bali Beach Conservation Project (Indonesia)
 Construction of Multi-purpose Cyclone Shelters,Emergency Disaster Damage Rehabilitation Project(Bangladesh) Brantas River Middle Reaches Improvement Project(Indonesia)
 Study on Sahel Oasis Development (Nigeria)
 Project for Strengthening Malaria Control (SolomonIslands)

Climate Change Act of 2009
 Republic Act No. 9729

An act mainstreaming climate change into government
policy formulations, establishing the framework strategy andprogram on climate change, creating for this purpose theclimate change commission, and for other purposes.

 Signed on 23 October 2009
 Declaration of Policy● The State has adopted the Philippine Agenda 21framework● As a party to the United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change, the State adopts the ultimate
objective of the Convention which is the stabilization ofgreenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at alevel that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic
interference with the climate system.

Climate Change Act of 2009
● As a party to the Hyogo Framework for Action, the State
likewise adopts the strategic goals in order to build national
and local resilience to climate change-related disasters.
● The State shall cooperate with the global community in theresolution of climate change issues, including disaster riskreduction.
● It is the policy of the State to enjoin the participation ofnational and local governments, businesses, non-governmentorganizations, local communities and the public to preventand reduce the adverse impacts of climate change and, at thesame time, maximize the benefits of climate change.
● Further recognizing that climate change and disaster risk
reduction are closely interrelated and effective disaster risk
reduction will enhance climate change adaptive capacity, theState shall integrate disaster risk reduction into climatechange programs and initiatives.

Creation of theClimate Change Commission
 The Commission shall be attached to
the Office of the President.
 The Commission shall be the solepolicy-making body of the government
which shall be tasked to coordinate,
monitor and evaluate the programs andaction plans of the government relating
to climate change pursuant to theprovisions of this Act.

Composition of theClimate Change Commission
 President of the Republic of the Philippines – Chairperson
 Three (3) Commissioners to be appointed by the President, oneof whom shall serve as the Vice-Chairperson of the Commission.
 The Commission shall have an advisory board composed of thefollowing: almost all Secretaries and Heads of government
departments and agencies; Representative from the academe;
Representative from the business sector; and Representativefrom non-governmental organizations.
At least one (1) of the sectoral representatives shall come fromthe disaster risk reduction community.
* Secretary of the Department of National Defense, in hiscapacity as Chairman of the National Disaster Coordinating
CouncilFramework Strategy andProgram on Climate Change The Commission shall, within six (6) months from theeffectivity of this Act, formulate a Framework Strategy on
Climate Change.
 The Framework shall serve as the basis for a program forclimate change planning, research and development,
extension, and monitoring of activities to protect vulnerable
communities from the adverse effects of climate change.
 The Framework shall be formulated based on climate change
vulnerabilities, specific adaptation needs, and mitigation
potential, and in accordance with the internationalagreements.
 The Framework shall be reviewed every three (3) years, oras may be deemed necessary.

National Climate Change
Action Plan
The Commission shallformulate a National Climate
Change Action Plan inaccordance with the Framework
within one (1) year after theformulation of the latter.

Local Climate Change
Action Plan
The local government units shallbe the frontline agencies in theformulation, planning andimplementation of climate changeaction plans in their respective areas,consistent with the provisions of theLocal Government Code, theFramework, and the National Climate
Change Action Plan.

Current Initiativesof the NDCC
 Integration of DRR/M
programs/projects withClimate Change initiatives
 Adaptive Capacity
Assessment of ConcernedAgencies

Action Plan
 Submit Report to the Chairman andExecutive Officer of the NDCC
 Echo Learnings, Knowledge andExperiences Gained from the ADRC
Visiting Researcher Program tocolleagues
 Participate/be involved more on
programs/projects on Climate Change

Recommendations for theADRC VR Program Visiting Researcher
Program/Schedule of Activities
be distributed properly during
the entire duration of theprogram Creation of a network ofprevious and present VRs

Sayonara!
Hope to see you again!