ＳＤＧｓ
Pocket Book
FCTC

ＳＤＧｓ Sustainable Development Goals
FCTC Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
Japan Society for Tobacco
Control, General incorporated

Introduction
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were adopted by the United
Nations General Assembly in September 2015, and all member countries
and regions should achieve these “17 development goals” by 2030.
Tobacco regulations are included in the SDGs; and while the manufacture,sale and consumption of tobacco products have negative impacts on almost
all development goals, this is generally not known.
So the Japan Society for Tobacco Control in April 2022 would like to makethis situation better known.

"Four initiatives to achieve SDGs"
were formulated as described below.
UN General Assembly resolution (excerpt)
30.
To develop measures against non-infectious diseases, we plan toadvance SDGs by implementing the following measures with domestic andinternational cooperation(v) Based on the United Nations Development Assistance framework,
incorporate measures against non-infectious diseases into national healthpolicies. At the 6th Conference of the Parties to the Framework Convention
on Tobacco Control (FCTC), it was resolved to promote the FCTC as asignificant goal for promoting health in general, with collaboration from thepublic.
Resolution of the 6th Conference of the Parties to the FCTC (excerpt)17) The Conference of the Parties affirms that promoting tobacco control byimplementing the FCTC is a priority for the SDGs and resolves to promote
tobacco control campaigns with everyone who is interested.
- 2 -Initiative 1
The promotion of tobacco control in SDG 3.a is clearly stated and widely
known
In addition to SDG 3.a, which promotes the strengthening of FCTC policies
in general, inform all organizations and individuals that the production andconsumption of tobacco products are incompatible with almost all of the 17
development goals. To reiterate, especially to national government
ministries, municipal governments and public organizations, organizations
and individuals must change inhibited behaviors and unmotivated attitudes
toward the FCTC. As an example of an motivated initiative, former
Norwegian Prime Minister and former WHO Secretary-General andpediatrician Gro Harlem Brundtland was deeply involved in formulating the
FCTC and SDGs.
Initiative 2
Include SDGs in qualification tests for smoking cessation and antismoking education and training
In all activities of the Japanese Society for Tobacco Control and its
members, instruct people about the SDGs. SDGs are also included in the
training curriculum of this society’s certified instructors regarding newheated tobacco products.
Initiative 3
Display SDG logos and signs during public relations activities
It is implicitly accepted that the Japanese Society for Smoking Cessationand the SDGs maintain mutual goals and authority. The government
administration and business enterprises in general have already started these
displays, and the tobacco industry started too in its own interest. Be sure tofollow standards for the SDG logo (in the form of a wheel) and sign usage.

- 3 -Initiative 4
Publicize the deceit of the "SDGs Promotion Project from the tobacco
industry"
The SDGs value constructive and energetic dialogue and tend not toappreciate negative disputes, antagonism and criticisms.

Explanation: relationship between SDGs and tobacco control

The activities of the Japan Society for Tobacco Control are not only
"supporting smokers to quit smoking and aiding people harmed frompassive smoking". Tobacco is thought to adversely affect almost all of the
17 development goals of the SDGs, and our society’s activities fully comply
with the implementation of the SDGs.
So, as an overview of "17 development goals(note)" in no particular order,(3) Health and welfare: tobacco is the leading cause of preventablepremature death.
At the UN General Assembly in September 2015, the implementation of
FCTC was strengthened by the SDGs, which were specified in section
3.a: Strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization
Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate.
as stated

In addition, for nations that grow tobacco and/or consume manufactured
tobacco products, tobacco is a primary factor that aggravates (1) poverty (2)hunger (4) lack of education (8) low economic growth (10) international andnational inequality. Sex differences in smoking rates lead to (5) genderinequalities. Harms from passive smoking in public spaces, litter from- 4 -cigarette butts, and fires caused by carelessness with burning cigarettes are(11) issues for community development. (12) Production and consumption:
Tobacco is an unsustainable manufactured product that (6) damages water
resources (7) overuses energy resources (13) and contributes to pollution
and climate change (14) (15). Excessive use of fertilizers and otheragrochemicals on tobacco plants pollutes water and soil, damaging natural
resources in the water and on land. After manufactured cigarettes are
consumed, the disposal of toxic cigarette butts can lead to contamination ofsewers, rivers, canals, lakes and oceans. And procuring wood to dry tobacco
leaves leads to deforestation, the destruction of natural habitats and climatechange. (9) Industry and innovation (10) equality (16) social harmony andjustice are inhibited because the tobacco industry exploits labor, uses childlabor, ignores hazards of green tobacco sickness from tobacco plants,
continues colonial-like practices, and hinders economic development.
Therefore, (17) international cooperation needs to promote tax increases on
tobacco products in each country.
It was shown above that the production and consumption of
manufactured tobacco products hinder all the development goals of theSDGs, and that the promotion of anti-tobacco practices and smoking
cessation are generally consistent with the promotion of the SDGs. Whileaware of the relationship with the SDGs, we wish to further extend ouractivities.
The implementation of SDGs are derived from medical practices, from thepresent and past. The derivation of "apricot grove", which symbolizes
medicine, comes from the legend of Kaoru, a doctor during the Three
Kingdoms period in China. Dr. Kaoru cured many patients free of charge,
replaced medical bills with transplanting apricot seedlings, created a forest
bearing fruit of more than ten million apricots, and exchanged the harvested
apricots for grain, which he then offered to the poor. (Ge Hong "ShenxianZhu").
This also corresponds to the late Dr. Tetsu Nakamura, who started his careerin overseas medical assistance and played a key role in water supply- 5 -projects, agricultural land reform and reforestation in Afghanistan. If one
compares his career to current SDGs, both started with goals of "(3) healthand welfare" and then expanded into implementing broader goals of "(1)eliminating poverty (2) eliminating hunger (6) maintaining safe watersupplies (15) and protecting natural resources.”Note) The FCTC Alliance (FCA) "SDGs Assistance Toolkit" shows
13 out of 17 development goals (items 1-5, 8, 10, 11, 13-17).

Goals of 17
1. End all forms of poverty everywhere
2. End hunger, implement food security, improve nutrition, and promotesustainable agriculture
3. Maintain healthy lives and promote welfare for all people of all ages
4. Provide inclusive, fair and quality education for all people and promote
lifelong learning opportunities
5. Attain gender equality and enhance the abilities of all women and girls
6. Maintain the sanitation, availability and sustainable use of water for all
people7. Maintain access to cheap, reliable, sustainable and modern forms of energy
for all people
8. Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth with full, productive,
rewarding and humane (decent) employment for all people
9. Develop resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainableindustrialization, and aim to expand innovation
10. Redress inequality within and between all countries
11. Create inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable urban settlements and otherhuman residences
12. Maintain sustainable consumption and production patterns
13. Take urgent measures to mitigate climate change and its impacts
14. Conserve oceans and marine resources for their sustainable use

SDGs

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15. Promote the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems; manage forests sustainably; prevent soil degradation anddesertification; restore soil fertility; prevent the loss of biodiversity
16. Promote an inclusive and harmonious society for sustainable development;
provide access to court justice for all people; and create effective, accountable
and inclusive institutions at all levels
17. Enhance implementation measures for sustainable development andrevitalize global partnerships

The production and consumption of tobacco products interferes with the
17 development goals
Goal 1.
Let’s eradicate
poverty

End all forms of poverty everywhere
Expenditure on tobacco replaces expenditure
on clothing, food, housing, education and health
Poverty → low education → smoking →
causing even more poverty

In low-income households in Thailand, 13.6% of the average household
budget is spent on tobacco (five times higher than the percent in highincome households in 2008). In China, 11% of household expenditures are
spent on tobacco on average (in 2005).
Goal 2. End hunger, implement food security, improve
nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture- 7 -Towards zero
hungerSmokers purchase tobacco products instead ofusing the money for foodTobacco production decreases resources forfood cultivation and increases deforestation→
flooding → topsoil erosion → loss in arable land
productivity → famine→ A vicious cycle of accelerated cutting offorests and monetization of timberYour tobacco uses African child labor

In households with smokers, 11.5% ofrevenue was spent on tobacco and
11% on food (2008).

Goal 3. Maintain healthy lives and promote welfare for all
people of all ages
Health and welfare
for all people

Tobacco diseases: premature death from the damage of
passive smoking, excess mortality from active smoking,increased medical expenses and inefficiencies frompreventable diseases, accidental ingestion of tobacco bychildren, green tobacco sickness for farmers fromtobacco plants (occupational nicotine poisoning)

Goal 3.a calls for strengthening the implementation of the FCTC. Tobaccorobs the lives of more than 8 million people worldwide each year. In
Mexico, 100,000 people contract tobacco-related diseases each year,
causing 10% of total mortality (2003). In Russia, smoking-related diseases- 8 -are the third leading cause of death (2007). In Indonesia, 225,000 people dieprematurely from smoking-related diseases each year (2013).
Goal 4. Provide inclusive, fair and quality education for all people
and promote lifelong learning opportunities
Expenditure on tobacco replaces expenditure
on education
Decreased concentration ability due to passive
smoking
Deprived learning opportunities for children
and child labor on tobacco plantations

High quality educationfor everyone

In Malawi, more than 78,000 children work on tobacco farms and do not go
to school. In Indonesian households with smokers, 11.5% of income is spent
on tobacco while only 3.2% is spent on education.
Note) "Inclusion" literally means "to incorporate things into a larger
sphere", but in reference to the SDGs, "social inclusion" is used in thesense of "everyone in society possessing an opportunity to participate"and "not being excluded".
(Refer to goals 4, 8, 9, 11, and 16)
Goal 5.

Attain gender equality and enhance the abilities

all women and girls

Achieve genderequalitySex differences in smoking rates imply thatmen suffer more from smoking relateddiseases, but women are more often harmed
from passive smoking
Harm from passive smoking for mothers andchildren during- 9 -pregnancy and perinatal care

Women account for 20% of tobacco users around the world. Female
smoking rates were 17% (rich countries) and 4% (poor countries) in 2012.
In China, 53% of women of reproductive age suffer from passive smoking
at work and 65% at home, and there are adverse effects from passive
smoking to the fetus during pregnancy. In Uruguay, progressive andcomprehensive tobacco countermeasures have reduced the smoking rate of
pregnant women and greatly improved fetal and infant health.
Goal 6. Maintain the sanitation, availability and sustainable
use of water for all people
Tobacco producing countries: contamination of soil
Safe water andtoilets around theworld

and drinking water from use of fertilizers and otheragrochemicals for tobacco cultivation
Lower water retaining capacity of soil fromdeforestation, increased soil erosion, increase in thefrequency of droughts and floods

Tobacco cultivation in low- and middle-income countries provides revenue
to growers in the short term, but in the long term repeated use of
monoculture, pesticides, fertilizers and growth regulating agents have ruined
the soil and contaminated surrounding water resources. Excessive use oftimber as fuel for drying tobacco also adversely affects water resources
through deforestation.
Goal 7.

Maintain access to cheap, reliable, sustainable andmodern forms of energy for all people
Clean energy foreveryone

Waste valuable energy resources to produce an
addictive drug
Use wood- to
10dry-tobacco leaves, accelerating
deforestation

Enormous amounts of energy are consumed in the manufacture,transportation and consumption of tobacco products. In particular, theconsumption of wood used in the drying process of tobacco leaves causes
severe deforestation and generates pollution.
Goal 8. Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growthwith full, productive, rewarding and humane (decent)employment for all people
Quality of work andeconomic growth

Tobacco-related illnesses of smoking workers
Premature death and decreasing working population
Declining labor productivity, increase in workplace
accidents, harms from passive smoking, exploitationand child labor on tobacco plantations, occupational
nicotine poisoning from tobacco leaves

Deaths associated with smoking negatively impact the national economy.
For example, in developing countries such as Pakistan, more than half of thepeople who die from smoking-related diseases die during prime working
ages (ages 30-69). In Egypt, 61% of people working indoors suffer frompassive smoking.
Child labor is still widespread on tobacco plantations in low- and middleincome countries (Section 8.7: Labor exploitation / eradication of childlabor). Occupational nicotine poisoning (green tobacco sickness) in children
and other workers is also severe.

- 11 -

Goal 9. Develop resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive
and sustainable industrialization, and aim to expand
innovation
Middle- and low-income countries grow raw
Let's establish industrial
and technologicalinnovation

tobacco for manufactured tobacco productsThis system is economical primarily for the
tobacco industry and tobacco plantations

Evokes colonial rule, exploits labor and detracts
from infrastructure construction
FCTC Article 22 (1b) includes "assistance for tobacco growers to convert toother crops". Through crop conversion, we provide relief to tobacco growers
in low-income countries from labor exploitation in the tobacco industry andprovide economic development.
Goal 10. Redress inequality within and between all countries
Tobacco is a primary force that creates disparities
Eradicate inequality
Smokers damage health, create financial losses
between people
and countries
and lower educational potential
Reinforce inequalities between smokers andhealthy people
High smoking rates in many low- and middleincome countries
Over 80% of the world's smokers live in low- to middle-income countries,
which lack the medical resources and social security to devote to tobaccorelated illnesses (Section 10.1: raising the income of low-income people;
Section 10.3: eliminating discrimination and promoting equal opportunity).
In Uruguay, the poor have the highest smoking rate of 35% (relative to
19.6% for the rich).
- 12 -

Note) Resilience is translated as "ability to rebound", "ability to resist" and"strength of elasticity". “Resilient infrastructure” and “resilient city” meanthat they can recover in a short period of time even if a pandemic or anotherdisaster strikes. (See goals 9-11).
Goal 11. Create inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainableurban settlements and other human residences
Community
development forsustainable living

Harms from passive smoking in workplaces,
homes, and public spaces
The problems of litter from cigarette butts
Fires from negligence by smokers
Smoking areas use valuable public spaces

Passive smoking at work and at home is very harmful (Section 11.6:
urban air improvement). In China,100,000 people die from passive
smoking exposure every year. In Mexico, 20% of adults are exposed topassive smoking at work and 17% of adults at home. In Thailand, 68% ofchildren aged 13 to 15 are exposed to passive smoking outside the homeand 49% are exposed to passive smoking at home.
Goal 12. Maintain sustainable consumption and production
patterns
Responsibility to makeResponsibility to use

Tobacco products are unsustainable
manufactured products
Environmental destruction and human rights
violations are associated with production
and consumption
Tobacco plantation / tobacco factory wastes/ cigarette butts- 13 -

Production and consumption of tobacco products have serious problems
regarding "fair trade of producers" and "wastes generated in production andconsumption processes". "Smoke prevention and the promotion of smoking
cessation based on the SDGs" are what these goals aim for. These goals arealso related to "realizing lifestyles that are in harmony with nature and theSDGs" (Section 12.8: Sharing of information and awareness).
Goal 13. Take urgent measures to mitigate climate change
and its impacts
Specific measuresagainst climatechangeCultivation of tobacco plants andmanufacture of tobacco products
Encouraging deforestation andgenerating greenhouse gases
Accelerating climate change

1% of the world's cultivated land is used for growing tobacco. However,forested areas lost due to the timber cut for drying tobacco leaves accounts
for an additional 2-4% of the total area used for tobacco production. The
production and consumption of tobacco products emit pollutants andgreenhouse gases and accelerate climate change.
Goal 14. Conserve oceans and marine resources for theirsustainable use
Let's protect therich resources ofthe oceans

Marine pollution from cigarette
butts

Littering of cigarette butts pollute the environment for 12 years. Cigarettebutts account for 15% of coastal waste (2013 92 country survey). Cigarette- 14 -

butts contain thousands of chemicals, and the water contaminated bycigarette butts is acutely toxic to marine life. The plastic filters do not easily
decompose, although they separate into microparticles and continue topollute oceans and rivers for a long time (Section 14.1: Prevention andreduction of marine pollution).
Goal 15. Promote the conservation,restoration andsustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems; manage forests
sustainably; prevent soil degradation and desertification;
restore soil fertility; prevent the loss of biodiversity

Let's protect therich resources ofthe landDeforestation and flooding from
cultivating tobacco plants, topsoil erosion,contamination from fertilizers and otheragrochemicals, soil degradation andreduced biodiversity

Tobacco cultivation has resulted in deforestation, flooding due to soil having
lower ability to retain water, pollution of the environment from overuse offertilizers and other agrochemicals, pollution of drinking water, degradationof soil due to repeated monoculture and reduced biodiversity (Section 15.2:
Prevention of deforestation and restoration of the environment). Forests
have been cut for fuel to dry tobacco leaves. In Bangladesh, such cutting for
tobacco drying accounts for 30% of the areas deforested. In Malawi, it
reaches 26%. In Brazil, 3 kg of firewood is consumed to process 1 kg of
tobacco leaves. In Tanzania, 3.5% of forested areas is turned into tobacco
fields each year, and 3% of these areas is cut for fuel to dry tobacco leaves.
Goal 16. Promote an inclusive and harmonious society for sustainable
development; provide access to court justice for all people; and create
effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels- 15 -

Peace and justicefor all people

Smuggling initiated by the tobacco industry
Child abuse on tobacco plantations→ Child labor, labor exploitation, ignore
hazards of green tobacco sickness

The tobacco industry initiates the "smuggling of tobacco" (Section 16.4:
Eradication of illegal transactions). In 2000, the European Community sued
tobacco companies Philip Morris and RJ Reynolds for smuggling tobacco
products. $ 1 billion has since been paid to the European Union and bothsides have agreed on penalties and preventative measures against future
smuggling. Child labor and labor exploitation are still widespread on
tobacco plantations in developing countries (Section 16.2: Child abuse,
eradication of exploitation).
Goal 17. Enhance implementation measures for sustainable
development and revitalize global partnerships
Let’s achieve thesegoals inpartnership

Maintaining and strengthening cooperation
between countries and organizations regarding
more stringent tobacco taxation and tobacco
regulations

Increasing tobacco taxes is an extremely effective measure to restrain the
consumption of tobacco products and to reduce medical expenses (Section
17.1: Raising taxation ability). It is also important as a source of funds topromote SDGs.
Tobacco tax increases are already indicated in Article 6 of the FCTC, andthey were also agreed upon as an appropriate tobacco control measure at the
3rd International Conference on Development Funds and the 2015 UN
General Assembly.
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Tobacco regulations have historically relied on international cooperation ineach country and region, and with "cooperation" that transcends a single
jurisdiction of a governmental or non-governmental organization. We seek
to continue to maintain and to strengthen global partnerships in tobacco
regulations.

- 17 -

Rhetoric that says "Japan Tobacco (JT) promotes SDGs"
The tobacco industry is an enterprise that makes easy money bytaking advantage of the "powerful addiction of nicotine" in humans.
For many years, while hiding the problem of "dependency", it cleverly
encouraged the use of tobacco products and earned huge profits. By
adapting to the times, it has adroitly used many methods to advertise
tobacco products and to make them seem normal throughout society.
It has occasionally weakened the effects of tobacco regulation byparadoxically incorporating "activities to promote of tobacco
regulation" into tobacco advertising.
For example, the initial slogan for promoting smoking cessation was"Separation of smoking", which was misused to secure smoking
areas. This was replaced with "Smoke free", which should indicate
clean air without tobacco smoke, but was instead used to imply
through advertising that heated (not burned) tobacco products areharmless. Likewise, picking up cigarette butts is touted as "initiatives
for environmental issues", and mixing smokers and non-smokers islabelled as "respect for diversity". Participation in regional
revitalization efforts and sexual minority issues are also touted as"social contribution".
For many years, the tobacco industry has also lobbied the United
Nations for influence. It has provided a large amount of funds tospecialized agencies at the UN: United Nations Educational, Scientificand Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the International Labor
Organization (ILO). At the same time, during production and selling
processes, it has concealed child labor and exploitation on tobacco- 18 -

plantations, the deprivation of educational opportunities for children,
occupational nicotine poisoning, agrochemical pollution anddeforestation from procuring wood to dry tobacco leaves.
Perhaps "contributing to the SDGs without stopping the
manufacture and sale of tobacco products" weakens the intention of
SDGs and tobacco regulations in general. The SDGs have no
penalties to ensure their compliance, and only constructive behavior
is appreciated. This voluntary compliance of the SDGs could be ashort-coming called "white-washing" and "hijacking" their true intent
and purpose.
Then, Masahiko Ishida, a writer who energetically discusses the
problem of tobacco, inquired to Japan Tobacco (JT) about aninconsistency that exists between the "SDG contribution project"that the company is developing and "SDGs goal 3 and goal 3.a". The
following reply was reportedNote 1).
Tobacco is a legal adult indulgence that has been an established part ofpopular life for many years, and individuals over the age of 20 should
decide for themselves whether or not to smoke, knowing the risks ofsmoking. This company believes that the use of tobacco products
involves health risks, and that appropriate regulations are necessary to
prevent smoking by minors (less than 20 years old). We will continue tocontribute to the achievement of the goals of the SDGs through ourbusiness activities based on the 4S modelNote 2), which is ourmanagement principle, while complying with relevant regulations. We
recognize that the regulations from the implementation of the FCTC do
not prevent us from contributing to the SDGs. In Japan, we recognizethat appropriate measures based on the provisions of the FCTC have

- 19 -

already been implemented by domestic laws and ordinances, and that
we are fulfilling our obligations. Furthermore, social contribution
activities of tobacco companies in Japan, including this company’s"SDGs contribution project", are not prohibited.

Advertising, publicity, and social contribution operations in the
tobacco industry are prohibited by Article 13 of the FCTC, but it has
become clear again that openly disregarding international treaties isjustified on the basis of deficient domestic laws.
To state it simply, the attitude seems to be that "if there is no
direct penalty, what is wrong with acting as good person by openly
advertising and marketing an addictive drug, greedily accumulating
profits while devastating lives, and then making contributions tosociety from such surpluses".
Note 1) Do you know Masahiko Ishida? The tobacco regulations are included in the "SDGs".
Yahoo! JAPAN News 23 February 2022
Note 2) The "4S model" has the management principle of fulfilling 4 responsibilities to JT's
customers, shareholders, employees and society and of aiming to improve their degree ofsatisfaction.

- 20 -

Japan Society for Tobacco Control Four Initiatives for the SDGs
1. Publicize that the promotion of tobacco control is clearly stated in SDGs
3.a.
2. Include the SDGs in smoking cessation, smoking prevention training,
and training/qualification tests
3. Display SDGs logos and wheels for public relations activities
4. Publicize the deception of the "Tobacco industry’s SDGs Promotion
Project"

Publisher
Japan Society for Tobacco
Control, General incorporated
Chairperson Manabu Sakuta
April 2022

The Japanese Society for Tobacco Control supports Sustainable- 21 -Development Goals (SDGs)

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