JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0

JCM Proposed Methodology Form
Cover sheet of the Proposed Methodology Form
Form for submitting the proposed methodology
Host Country

The Kingdom of Cambodia

Name of the methodology proponents Tokyo Carbon Management Ltd (TCM)submitting this form
Sectoral scope(s) to which the Proposed 3. Energy demand
Methodology applies
Title of the proposed methodology, and Energy Saving by Introduction of High Efficiency
version number

Firewood Cookstove to Replace Traditional
Cookstove, Version 01.0

List of documents to be attached to this form

The attached draft JCM-PDD:(please check):

Additional information:

Date of completion

23/02/2024

History of the proposed methodology
Version01.0

Date
31/07/2023

Contents revisedFirst Edition1

JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0

A. Title of the methodology
Energy Saving by Introduction of High Firewood Efficiency Cookstove to Replace Traditional
Cookstove, Version 01.0

B. Terms and definitions
Terms
Batch

Definitions
Batch is the population of the device of the same type commissioned
during a certain period of time (e.g. week or month) in a certain
calendar year. To establish the date of commissioning, the project
participant may opt to group the devices in “batches” and the latest
date of commissioning of a device within the batch is used as thedate of commissioning for the entire batch.

Reference cookstove

The cookstove style in which three-stones are placed on the groundusing firewood (not charcoal), or a cookstove with no improved
combustion air supply or flue gas ventilation.

C. Summary of the methodology
Items

Summary

GHG emission reduction

The proposed project activity aims at reducing the use of andmeasuresdemand for non-renewable biomass that would have been usedfor cooking by distributing improved cookstove (ICS, project
cookstove) to households and/or communities.

Calculation of reference

Reference emissions are calculated for each reference

reductions

cookstove by using the following parameters:•

Quantity of woody biomass used by reference cookstove•

Fraction of woody biomass saved by the project activity
that can be considered as non-renewable biomass•

Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass•

Emission factor of fossil fuel projected to be used to
substitute non-renewable woody biomass•

Adjustment to account for any continued use of2

JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0

reference cookstove•

Discount factor to account for the potential source ofemissions which may occur due to the use of biomass by
non-project households/communities

Calculation of project

The project emissions are calculated for each project cookstove

reductions

by using the following parameters:•

Quantity of woody biomass used by project cookstove•

Fraction of woody biomass that can be considered as
non-renewable biomass•

Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass
that is used by project cookstove•Emission factor of fossil fuel projected to be used tosubstitute non-renewable woody biomass•

Adjustment to account for any continued use ofreference cookstove

Monitoring parameters•

Number of project cookstove commissioned•

Proportion of commissioned project cookstove remainoperating•

Adjustment to account for any continued use ofreference cookstove•

Quantity of woody biomass that is used per project
cookstove (Option 2)•

Number of project cookstoves distributed per household•

Date of commissioning of batch j•

Date of commissioning of project device i•

The operating lifetime of project device•

Operation years of the project cookstoveD. Eligibility criteria
This methodology is applicable to projects that satisfy all of the following criteria.
Criterion 1

The project distributes cookstoves to households or community (ies) where
the reference cookstove is three-stone fire.

Criterion 2

The project cookstoves exclusively use wood fuel.

Criterion 3

The methodology is applicable to the introduction of single pot or multi pot
portable or in-situ cookstoves with rated efficiency of at least 25 per cent. The
options for testing and certification of rated efficiency as well as supporting3

JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0documentation (e.g. certificate issued by third party or test results) areavailable at the time of validation.
Criterion 4

Non-renewable biomass has been used in the project region since 31
December 1989, using survey methods or referring to published literature,
official reports or statistics.

Criterion 5

Each project cookstove is given an identifiable serial number to avoid double
counting of emission reductions.

Criterion 6

The project has procedures to prevent double counting of emission
reductions, for example to avoid that project stove manufacturers, wholesale
providers or others claim credit for emission reductions from the project
devices.

E. Emission Sources and GHG types
Reference emissions
Emission sources

GHG types
CO2

Wood fuel consumption by reference cookstove

N2O
CH4

Project emissions
Emission sources

GHG types
CO2

Wood fuel consumption by project cookstove

N2O
CH4

F. Establishment and calculation of reference emissions
F.1. Establishment of reference emissions
The reference emissions are calculated for each reference cookstove by multiplying thequantity of woody biomass that is used by the reference cookstove, the fraction of nonrenewable biomass, net calorific value of the non-renewable biomass, the emission factor offossil fuel projected to substitute non-renewable woody biomass, adjustment to account for any
continued use of reference cookstove and the conservative emission factor.
It is assumed that in the absence of project activity, the reference scenario is the continued use4

JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0

of non-renewable biomass in the reference cookstove by the target population to meet thesimilar thermal energy needs as those provided by the project cookstove.
The actual reference scenario used in the calculation is the use of fossil fuel. Since nonrenewable biomass has higher carbon intensity than the fossil fuel, this calculation leads to theconservative emission reductions. The quantity of biomass used in reference cookstove fortarget customer will be determined in each project activity.
The efficiency of reference cookstove is conservatively set ex ante at 0.15 so as to ensure net
emission reductions.
F.2. Calculation of reference emissions

𝑹𝑬𝒑 = ∑ ∑ 𝑹𝑬𝒑,𝒊.𝒋𝒊Equation (1)𝒋Where:i:

Indices for the type of project cookstovej:

Indices for batch of project cookstove of type i

𝑹𝑬𝒑:

Reference emission during the period p (tCO2e/p)

𝑹𝑬𝒑,𝒊.𝒋:

Reference emission by reference cookstove for the project cookstove oftype i and batch j during the period p (tCO2e/p)

𝑹𝑬𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝒇𝑵𝑹𝑩 × 𝑵𝑪𝑽𝒃𝒊𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 × 𝑬𝑭𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒍 𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍Equation (2)× 𝑵𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝒏𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝝁𝒑 × 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓

Where:
𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋: Quantity of woody biomass that is used per reference cookstove
before replaced by the project cookstove of type i and batch jduring the period p (tonne/p)𝒇𝑵𝑹𝑩: Fraction of woody biomass that can be established as nonrenewable biomass (fraction or %)𝑵𝑪𝑽𝒃𝒊𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔: Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass that issubstituted (IPCC default for wood fuel, 0.0156 TJ/tonne, basedon the gross weight of the wood that is “air-dried”)

𝑬𝑭𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒍 𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍: Emission factor of fossil fuels projected to be used to substitutenon-renewablewoodybiomass

bysimilar

consumers(tCO2e/TJ)
𝑵𝒑,𝒊,𝒋: Number of project cookstoves of type i and batch j
commissioned during the period p (number)
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JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0: Proportion of commissioned project device of type i and batch j

𝒏𝒑,𝒊,𝒋during the period p: Adjustment to account for any continued use of reference

𝝁𝒑

cookstove during the period p
0.95: Discount factor to account for the potential source of leakage
due to the use of biomass by non-project households/
communities

𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 is estimated as per any of the following options:
Option 1: 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 is estimated via 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝑯𝑯 . There are 2 cases below:
In case more than one project cookstove is distributed in households:
𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝑯𝑯 ÷ 𝑵𝒅,𝑯𝑯

Equation (3)𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝑯𝑯 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑 × 𝑵𝒑,𝑯𝑯

Equation (4)In case only one project cookstove per household is distributed:
𝑩 𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝑯𝑯

Equation (5)Where::

𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝑯𝑯

Quantity of woody biomass that would have been used in the householdin the absence of the project activity to generate thermal energy
equivalent to that provided by the project devices during the period p(tonne/household/period)

𝑵𝒅,𝑯𝑯:

Number of project devices per household (number)𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒑:Quantity of woody biomass that would have been used per person in
the household in the absence of the project activity to generate thermalenergy equivalent to that provided by the project devices during theperiod p (tonne/person/period). A default value for the average annual
consumption of woody biomass is 0.4 tonne/person/year may be used1

:

𝑵𝒑,𝑯𝑯

Average number of person per household prior to project
implementation (number)

Option 2:
𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒑𝒄,𝒊,𝒋 ×

𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝒚,𝒊,𝒋𝜼𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒊,𝒋

Equation (6)Where:𝑩𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋:Quantity of woody biomass used by project cookstove in tonnes per
device of type i and batch j during the period p (tonne/period)

𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋
1:

Efficiency of the project cookstove i and batch j during the period p

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JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0(fraction). Alternatively, efficiency may be determined using Equation(6):

𝜼𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒊,𝒋

Efficiency of the reference cookstove being replaced by project
cookstove of type i and batch j (fraction). A default value for thisparameter used for cooking and/or water boiling applications is 0.152.

𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝟏,𝒊,𝒋 × (𝟎. 𝟗𝟗𝒚−𝟏 ) × 𝟎. 𝟗𝟒:

𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝟏,𝒊,𝒋

Equation (7)Efficiency of the project cookstove type i and batch j at the start of project
activity (fraction)

:

𝟎. 𝟗𝟗

Discount factor to account for efficiency loss of project cookstove per
year of operation (fraction)

:

𝟎. 𝟗𝟒

Adjustment factor to account for uncertainty related to project cookstoveefficiency test

G. Calculation of project emissions
Equation (8)𝑷𝑬𝒑 = ∑ ∑ 𝑷𝑬𝒑,𝒊,𝒋𝒊𝒋:Indices for type of project cookstovej:

Indices for batch of project cookstove of type i

𝑷𝑬𝒑:Project emission during the period p (tCO2e/p):

Project emission by project cookstove of type i and batch j during theperiod p (tCO2e/p)𝒊

𝑷𝑬𝒑,𝒊,𝒋𝑷𝑬𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒑𝒄,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝒇𝑵𝑹𝑩 × 𝑵𝑪𝑽𝒃𝒊𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 × 𝑬𝑭𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒍 𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍 × 𝑵𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 ×

Equation (9)𝒏𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 × 𝝁𝒑
Where:

2

𝑩𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋:Quantity of woody biomass that is used per project
cookstove of type i and batch i during the period p(tonne/period)

𝒇𝑵𝑹𝑩

:

Fraction of woody biomass that can be established as nonrenewable biomass

𝑵𝑪𝑽𝒃𝒊𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔:

Net calorific value of the non-renewable woody biomass thatis used by project cookstove (TJ/tonne)

𝑬𝑭𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒍 𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍:Emission factor of fossil fuels projected to be used tosubstitute non-renewable woody biomass by similar
consumers (tCO2e/TJ)

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JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0

𝑵𝒑,𝒊,𝒋:Number of project cookstoves of type i and batch j
commissioned during the period p

𝒏𝒑,𝒊,𝒋:

Proportion of commissioned project cookstoves of type i andbatch j that remain operating during the period p:

Adjustment to account for any continued use of reference
cookstove during the period p.

𝝁𝒑

𝑩𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 implementation of thermal project device is estimated as per any of the following
options:
Option 1:
𝑩𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 ×𝜼𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒊,𝒋

Equation (10)𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋

Where:
𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋:Quantity of woody biomass that is used per reference cookstove before
replaced by the project cookstove of type i and batch j during the period p(tonne/period)

𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋:

Efficiency of the project cookstove i and batch j during the period p(fraction). Alternatively, efficiency may be determined using Equation (7)𝜼𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒊,𝒋:

Efficiency of the reference cookstove being replaced by project cookstoveof type i and batch j (fraction). A default value for this parameter used forcooking and/or water boiling applications is 0.153.

Option 2: 𝑩 𝒑𝒄,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 is estimated via sample survey of end-user or direct measurement at each
end-user locations.

H. Calculation of emissions reductions

𝑬𝑹𝒑 = 𝑹𝑬𝒑 − 𝑷𝑬𝒑

Equation (11)Where:𝑬𝑹𝒑=Emission reductions during the period p (tCO2e/p)

𝑹𝑬𝒑=Reference reductions during the period p (tCO2e/p)

𝑷𝑬𝒑=

Project reductions during the period p (tCO2e/p)

I. Data and parameters fixed ex ante
The source of each data and parameter fixed ex ante is listed as below.
3

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JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0

Parameter

Description of dataSource

𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒑Quantity of woody biomass

Using the following options:that would have been used pera) Historical data or a sample survey

person in the household in theconducted as per the latest version ofabsence of the project activity

theto generate thermal energy

surveys for CDM project activities

equivalent to that provided byand programme of activities”;

the project devices during theb) A default value for the average“Standard:Sampling

andperiod p (tonne/person/period) annual consumption of woody
biomass is 0.4 tonne/person/year
may be used4
𝑵𝒑,𝑯𝑯

Average number of person perEstablished based on records ofhousehold prior to project

households served by the project

implementation (number)𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝑯𝑯

Quantity of woody biomass

Using one of the following options:that would have been used in

1. 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝑯𝑯 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒑 × 𝑵𝒑,𝑯𝑯

the household in the absence

2. Based on the historical data or aof the project activity tosample survey conducted as per thegenerate thermal energy

latest version of "sampling andequivalent to that provided bysurveys for CDM project activities

the project devices during theand programme of activities". If theperiod p

monitoring period is shorter or(tonne/household/period)

longer than one year, the result may
be extrapolated for the monitoring
period.

𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋Quantity of woody biomass Calculated.
that is used per reference

If it is estimated via Bref,p,HH (Option

cookstove before replaced by 1), using one of the following case:the project cookstove of type i 1. In case more than one project
and batch j during the period p cookstove(tonne/period)

isdistributed

inhouseholds:
𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝑯𝑯 ÷ 𝑵𝒅,𝑯𝑯
2. In case only one project cookstove
per household is distributed:

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𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝒊,𝒋 = 𝑩𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒑,𝑯𝑯
𝜼𝒓𝒆𝒇,𝒊,𝒋𝜼𝒑𝒄,𝟏,𝒊,𝒋

Efficiencyofreference Default

value

as

perapplied

cookstove.

methodology AMS-II.G, Version

Default value: 0.15

13.0 and CDM tool 33, version 02.0

Efficiency

oftheproject Manufacturer’s specificationcookstove type i and batch j at
the start of project activity(fraction)
𝑬𝑭𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝒇𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒍 𝒇𝒖𝒆𝒍Emission factor of fossil fuels For the emission factor of fossilprojectedtosubstitute

beusedto fuels projected to be used tonon-renewable substitute non-renewable woody

woody biomass by similar biomass by similar consumers,consumers (tCO2e/TJ)

either the default regional values in

Default value for Cambodia: table below
85.7 tCO2e/TJ

Emission factor of fossil fuels
projectedtosubstitute

beusedtonon-renewable

woody biomassby similar

consumers (tCO2e/TJ)
MiddleEastand

North

63.9

AfricaEast Asia and85.7

the PacificEuropeand

57.8

Central Asia
Latin Americaand

68.6

theCaribbeanSouth Asia

64.4

Sub-Saharan

73.2

AfricaRefer to Appendix 1 for thedefinition of the regions which isprimarily based on the “developing10

JCM_KH_F_PM_ver01.0

regions” classification used by theUnited

Nations

Development

Programme but tailored to thepurpose of this CDM methodology.
NCVbiomass

Net calorific value of the non- Table 1.2, chapter 1, volume 2 ofrenewable woody biomass that 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National
issubstitutedbyproject GHG Inventories. Default value iscookstove. A default for wood applied.
fuel is 0.0156 TJ/tonne.
fNRB

Fraction of woody biomass Calculated by an independent third
saved by the project activity party or based on national data.
that can be established as nonrenewable biomass

11