AGE04-01

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 10:00-10:15

有機ヒ素化合物の土壌中における吸着挙動
Adsorption behavior of organoarsenic compounds in soils
田中 雅人 1∗ ; 高橋 嘉夫 1
TANAKA, Masato1∗ ; TAKAHASHI, Yoshio1
1
1

東京大学
The University of Tokyo

The arsenic pollution is a world problem. Natural originated inorganic arsenic compounds are predominant cause of thewater-related disease. In addition, anthropogenic originated organoarsenic compounds such as phenylarsonic acid (PAA) anddiphenylarsinic acid (DPAA) are also pollution source. For example, DPAA polluted well water caused serious health problems in
Kamisu, Japan. These phenyl arsenic compounds are considered as a decomposition product of chemical warfare agents produced
during World Wars I and II, and even now such compounds still remain in the ground. Recently, adsorption and mobility of thesearomatic arsenic compounds in agricultural soils have been investigated. However, their adsorption mechanisms on soil are still
unknown. In general, the adsorption property of chemical compounds influences its migration process in natural environments
such as soil-water system. Thus, it is important to understand the adsorption mechanism of the arsenic compounds to predict
future fate of them in environment. Recently, we reported adsorption structures of PAA and DPAA on ferrihydrite obtainedby X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis and quantum chemical calculations [1]. In this study, we conducted As Kedge XAFS measurements for organoarsenic compounds adsorbed on soil, as well as adsorption experiments, to understand theiradsorption behavior in soils. The results of EXAFS analysis suggest that all arsenic compounds in this study adsorbed on Fe or Al(oxyhydr)oxide in the soil mainly regardless of the organic functional groups. This fact indicates that the Fe/Al-(oxyhydr)oxides
can control the mobility of organorasenic compounds in the ground.
References:[1] Tanaka M, Togo Y S, Yamaguchi N and Takahashi Y 2014 J Colloid Interface Sci., 415, 13.
キーワード: 吸着挙動, 有機ヒ素, X 線吸収微細構造, 土壌
Keywords: adsorption behavior, organoarsenic, XAFS, soil

1/1

AGE04-02

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 10:15-10:30

Impact of Injecting Heated Water into Aquifer on Groundwater Quality
Impact of Injecting Heated Water into Aquifer on Groundwater Quality
山田 孝大 1∗ ; Dang Quoc Thyuet3 ; 坂口 巌 2 ; 斎藤 広隆 3
YAMADA, Koudai1∗ ; DANG QUOC, Thyuet3 ; SAKAGUCHI, Iwao2 ; SAITO, Hirotaka3
1

東京農工大学大学院農学府, 2 埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科, 3 東京農工大学大学院農学研究院
Graduate school of Ecoregion Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2 Graduate School of Science andEngineering, Saitama University, 3 Department of Ecoregion Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology

1

In late years, usage of geothermal heat energy, one of the renewable energy sources, draws attention in Japan. The geothermalheat can be used through heat pumps for building heating and cooling. A heat pump can extract heat energy either from the groundusing underground heat exchangers or from pumped groundwater. While the former is referred to as a closed-type ground source
heat pump (GSHP), the latter is known as an open-type ground source heat pump. The open-type GSHP systems also require
either recharging heated or cooled groundwater into aquifers or discharging it into surface water systems. There are various
advantages of using the open-type GSHP systems; energy efficiency is much higher than the closed-type GSHP systems. On theother hand, altering groundwater temperature may cause environmental impact such as elution of toxic elements from the aquiferor changes in microbial activities in the aquifer. However, such environmental impact caused by the open-type GSHP systems has
been rarely studied and is generally poorly understood. To maintain its sustainable usage, more data on environmental impacts
need to be collected from field experiments. The main objective of this study is, therefore, to investigate the impact of injecting
heated water into the aquifer on groundwater temperature and its quality.
A field experiment was conducted from October 7 to December 2 in Fuchu campus of Tokyo University of Agriculture andTechnology in 2014. Groundwater pumped from a pumping well was heated to 30 oC before it was injected to a confined aquifer
at GL-50m from an injection well installed 10-m away from the pumping well at a rate of 20 L/min. The temperature of theground below GL-10m is almost constant at 17 oC year-round at the experimental site. The heating load was therefore equivalent
to 18.1 kW. Changes in temperature and element concentrations in groundwater were observed at two 50-m long observation
wells installed at 1.4-m (O-1) and 5.3-m (O-5) away from the injection well. Temperature sensors were installed every 5 m at
O-1 and O-5. Groundwater samples were collected from two aquifers; one at GL-40m (shallow) and another one at GL-50m(deep), from O-1 and O-5, every two or three days during the experiment. EC, pH, DO, ORP, and turbidity were measured
immediately after samples were collected, while concentrations of sixteen trace elements and major ions were measured later
using ICP-MS and IC, respectively.
Temperatures of the deep aquifer at O-1 and O-5 rose from 17 oC to 23 oC and 22 oC, respectively, while those of otherdepths remained almost unchanged or increased slightly, indicating that heated water was indeed directly injected to the deep
aquifer. While pH, EC, and DO did not changed, ORP showed a gradual decreasing trend in both aquifers. Turbidity waslargely affected by injecting heated water as it increased to 60 NTU at the deep aquifer at O-1. That of the other aquifers stayed
almost unchanged before, during, and after injecting heated water. As concentrations of elements might be affected not only bychanges in temperature, but also by physical injection, it may be required to separate the impact of different processes. One of
the approaches to do that is to take concentration ratios with an inert tracer. This is known as an internal standard method. As
there was no artificial tracer added in this experiment, zinc, one of the more stable elements, was used as a tracer. Ratios to Zn
concentration increased significantly during heating for some elements, such as Al.
From the field experiment, it was clearly shown that the turbidity of groundwater was strongly affected. As for trace elements
and major ions, while it was shown that injecting heated water might increase concentrations or concentration ratios for someelements, more careful data analysis needs to be done to clarify the mechanism of such effects.

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AGE04-03

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 10:30-10:45

粒径および熱物性が多孔質体中の熱分散現象に与える影響
Effects of particle size and thermal properties on thermal dispersion characteristics inporous media
万代 俊之 1∗ ; 濱本 昌一郎 1 ; 井本 博美 1 ; 西村 拓 1 ; 小松 登志子 2
BANDAI, Toshiyuki1∗ ; HAMAMOTO, Shoichiro1 ; IMOTO, Hiromi1 ; NISHIMURA, Taku1 ; KOMATSU, Toshiko2
1

東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科, 2 埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 2 Graduate School of Science and Engineering,
Saitama University
1

Understanding heat transport process in saturated porous media is essential, in regard to a widespread use of ground source
heat pump systems and design of geologic repositories for high-level nuclear wastes. However, knowledge of thermal dispersion
occurred due to advective heat flow is limited in the mechanisms of heat transport process. In this study, one-dimensional heatand solute transport experiments were conducted using glass beads with different size fractions, and stainless steel sphere withhigh thermal conductivity. Effects of particle size, thermal properties, and flow velocities on thermal dispersion characteristics
and the difference between thermal and solute dispersion characteristics were discussed based on the column experiments. Glassbeads with smaller size fraction showed smaller increase in thermal dispersion coefficient at higher flow velocity as compared tothe one with larger size fraction. Flow velocity dependency on thermal dispersion coefficient was insignificant for stainless steel
sphere, indicating thermal conduction dependent heat transport is dominant in the column due to higher thermal conductivity ofthe stainless steel.
キーワード: 熱分散, 溶質分散, 熱物性
Keywords: thermal dispersion, solute dispersion, thermal properties

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AGE04-04

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 11:00-11:15

荒川低地堆積物の重金属の溶出と存在形態に温度環境が与える影響
Effects of temperature environment in dissolution and chemical forms of heavy metals of
sediment in Arakawa lowland
植木 崇 1 ; 斎藤 健志 1∗ ; 濱本 昌一郎 2 ; 川本 健 1 ; 小松 登志子 1
UEKI, Takashi1 ; SAITO, Takeshi1∗ ; HAMAMOTO, Shoichiro2 ; KAWAMOTO, Ken1 ; KOMATSU, Toshiko1
1

埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科, 2 東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, JAPAN, 2 Graduate School of Agricultural and Life
Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JAPAN1

Global warming, heat island phenomenon in urban areas, and increased use of geothermal energy would affect the subsurface thermal, chemical, and biological environment. Change in subsurface temperature might affect dissolution and transport ofchemical materials and the subsurface microbial activities. However, effects of temperature change on the subsurface environment including dissolution and chemical forms of heavy metals have not been fully clarified. In this study, effects of temperature
on dissolution and chemical forms of heavy metals in sediment of Arakawa Lowland, Kanto district, Japan have been investigatedby laboratory experiments.
Laboratory experiments to evaluate the relation between temperature and dissolution characteristics were conducted under
three different temperature conditions (15o C, 25o C and 40o C). Five chemical forms of heavy metals in residues from the dissolution experiment were also fractioned (Water soluble, Exchangeable, Bound to carbonates, Bound to iron and manganese oxides
and Bound to organic matter) by the sequential extraction method. These experiments were conducted on sediment samples
obtained from boring cores at around 17m, 31m, 39m and 44m depth (denoted as 17m-sample, 31m-sample, 39m-sample and44m-sample, respectively).
Results showed that temperature conditions affected dissolution characteristics and chemical forms of heavy metals. Especially, boron in 17m-sample (marine sediment) and arsenic in 31m-sample (non-marine sediment) dissolved more at higher
temperature and linear relations between temperature and dissolved concentration of these components were observed. Additionally, temperature condition also affected their chemical forms. Under 40o C and 25o C conditions, Bound to iron and manganeseoxides and Exchangeable forms of boron in 17m-sample both decreased and Water-soluble boron increased compared to the 15o C
condition. Also under 40o C and 25o C conditions, Bound to iron and manganese oxides form of arsenic in 31m-sample decreased
and Water-soluble and Exchangeable arsenic both increased compared to the 15o C. These results imply that hardly-soluble formsof boron and arsenic might change to readily-soluble forms at higher temperature.
キーワード: 地表面温度, 溶出特性, 存在形態, 沖積堆積物
Keywords: subsurface temperature, dissolution characteristics, chemical forms, alluvial sediment

1/1

AGE04-05

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 11:15-11:30

LOCALLY AVAILABLE SOILS AS LINER MATERIALS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A COMPARISON WITH GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERLOCALLY AVAILABLE SOILS AS LINER MATERIALS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A COMPARISON WITH GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERRASHID, Hafiz muhammad awais1∗ ; SAITO, Takeshi1 ; KURUKULASURIYA, L. chandana2 ;PRIYANKARA, Nadeej H.3 ; KEN, Kawamoto4
RASHID, Hafiz muhammad awais1∗ ; SAITO, Takeshi1 ; KURUKULASURIYA, L. chandana2 ;PRIYANKARA, Nadeej H.3 ; KEN, Kawamoto4
1

Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan, 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, 3 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ruhuna,
Galle, Sri Lanka, 4 Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Engg., International Institute for Resilient Society, Saitama University, Japan1
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan, 2 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, 3 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ruhuna,
Galle, Sri Lanka, 4 Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Engg., International Institute for Resilient Society, Saitama University, Japan

Solid waste management has become a major issue for the urban areas of developing countries. Due to rapid increase inurbanization coupled with the rise in community living standards the generation of municipal solid waste is highly accelerated
in past few decades. At present most of the landfill practice in developing countries is open dumping without proper measures tomitigate the migration of contaminants to surrounding environment. It is the need of hour to construct engineering landfills withimpermeable liners to avoid groundwater and surface water pollution. Most of the engineered landfills in developed countries areequipped with commercially available liner material known as Geosynthetic Clay Liner (GCL). GCLs are popular due to theirextremely low hydraulic conductivity which is primarily due to the presence of a thin layer of bentonite. However, due to economic constraints, developing countries cannot afford engineered landfills equipped with such commercially available liners. In
contrast, Locally Available Clayey Soils (LACs) are less expensive and can be used as bottom liners under the provision that theymeet the recommended criteria for base liner. A detailed comparison between GCL and LAC with respect to both geotechnicaland hydraulic performance can therefore provide the basis for using appropriate LACs as landfill liner material.
This study employed locally available soils obtained from Moragahakanda area of Srilanka(hereafter referred to as Soil M).
Swell index, plasticity index and Hydraulic conductivity tests were carried out on Soil M and its mixtures with bentonite component of GCL. Soil-bentonite mixtures were prepared by mixing Soil M with 5 % and 10 % bentonite. Experimental Investigations
were carried out using de-aerated water and 1M CaCl2 as hydrating liquids. The hydraulic conductivity tests were carried out on
non consolidated and pre-consolidated samples to investigate the effect of consolidation on hydraulic conductivity of candidate
soils. Data on pure bentonite was used to examine the performance of Soil M and mixture soils compared to GCL. Results
showed that the nature of hydrating liquid has an insignificant effect on swell Index and plasticity index of the candidate soils
when compared to pure bentonite. Hydraulic conductivity was found to decrease with an increase in bentonite content whenpermeated with de-aerated water. However, the effect was found insignificant for CaCl2 permeation. An increase in consolidation pressure caused a decrease in hydraulic conductivity irrespective of permeating liquid and bentonite content. At very
high consolidation pressure, all the candidate soils were found to exhibit much lower values of hydraulic conductivities than the
maximum recommended value for base liners.

キーワード: Locally Available Soils, Geosynthetic Clay Liners, Soil-Bentonite Mixtures, Plasticity Index, Swell Index, Hydraulic Conductivity
Keywords: Locally Available Soils, Geosynthetic Clay Liners, Soil-Bentonite Mixtures, Plasticity Index, Swell Index, Hydraulic
Conductivity

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AGE04-06

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 11:30-11:45

Significant Improvement to Imaging Hydraulic Heterogeneity in Heterogeneous Geologic
Media via Hydraulic Tomography
Significant Improvement to Imaging Hydraulic Heterogeneity in Heterogeneous Geologic
Media via Hydraulic Tomography
ILLMAN, Walter1∗
ILLMAN, Walter1∗
1
1

University of Waterloo
University of Waterloo

Hydraulic parameters such as hydraulic conductivity (K) and specific storage (Ss) of geologic media are heterogeneous at multiple scales. A large number of techniques have been developed to deal with this heterogeneity, but little information is available
on its performance in predicting groundwater flow and solute transport. In this presentation, I review the various heterogeneity
mapping methods and introduce the concept of Hydraulic Tomography (HT). HT is a new approach to map the heterogeneity ofthe subsurface. It is analogous to geophysical tomography but different in a sense that the method relies on multiple pumping
tests as sources of signals. These signals or drawdowns are detected in neighboring monitoring intervals. With a suitable inverse
model, one can then estimate the three-dimensional spatial variability in K and Ss. One significant advantage of the approachis that it provides direct information on connectivity in hydraulic parameters, which is very important in contaminant transport
problems. Research over the last decade has shown that this is a very robust technique and the estimated parameters are morereliable in predicting independently conducted pumping tests and tracer tests. I will introduce various synthetic, laboratory andfield experimental results, compare HT against other heterogeneity mapping methods, and discuss future research directions.

キーワード: heterogeneity, contaminant transport, fractured rocks, stochastic hydrology, subsurface characterization, connectivity
Keywords: heterogeneity, contaminant transport, fractured rocks, stochastic hydrology, subsurface characterization, connectivity

1/1

AGE04-07

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 11:45-12:00

Interactive effects of EC and pH on nitrous oxide emissions and denitrification
Interactive effects of EC and pH on nitrous oxide emissions and denitrification
HA, Thi kim thanh1∗ ; MAEDA, Morihiro1
HA, Thi kim thanh1∗ ; MAEDA, Morihiro1
1
1

Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University
Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University

Long-term fertilizer applications and saline water irrigation lead to the accumulation of salts and changes in soil pH. Thesechanges may in turn affect N2 O emissions from soil. Interactive effects of EC and pH on N2 O emissions were studied by using
paddy soil in Ushimado, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. Closed incubation experiments were conducted in 100-mL glass bottles for
72 h at 25o C. Each bottle contained 5 g of air-dried soil and 25 mL of solution, which includes KNO3 (10 mg NO3 -N L−1 ) and
NaCl (0 M , 0.005 M , 0.01 M , 0.05 M , 0.1 M , 0.2 M ) for adjusting different electric conductivity (EC) levels under different pH:acid (HCl 0.005 M ), neutral (no adjustment), and alkaline (NaHCO3 0.005 M ). Nitrous oxide concentration in the headspaceof the bottle was measured 3 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after incubation with gas chromatograph (GC-8A, Shimadzu, Kyoto,
Japan). After gas collection, the solution was taken out for measuring pH, EC and concentrations of NH4 + and NO3 − . Results
indicated that pH was a significant factor controlling N2 O emissions (P <0.05). Nitrous oxide emissions were greater in higher
EC treatments under the acid treatment. Nitrous oxide emissions peaked at 24 h of incubation and fell sharply afterwards due tofurther dentrification process. At 24 h, the highest N2 O emissions was measured in 0.2 M NaCl (7.5 mg kg soil−1 ), followed byin 0.1 M , 0.05 M , 0.01 M , 0.005 M and 0 M treatments, which were 6.7, 5.1, 3.8, 2.0, and 1.2 mg N kg soil−1 , respectively.
Nitrous oxide reductase was sensitive to both high EC and low pH condition. In neutral and alkaline treatments, there was no
significant effect of EC on N2 O emissions during 72 h incubation (P >0.05). The N2 O emissions were 0 mg kg soil−1 at 3 hafter incubation then ranged from 0.02 to 0.11 mg N kg soil−1 . Ammonium concentration increased over the incubation periods.
Higher EC promote NH4 + release. There was no significant difference in NO3 − removal among treatments at different EC levels(P >0.05). We conclude that low pH increased N2 O emissions and higher EC under acid conditions promoted N2 O emissions.
キーワード: Denitrification, EC, nitrous oxide, paddy soil, pH
Keywords: Denitrification, EC, nitrous oxide, paddy soil, pH

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AGE04-08

会場:301A

時間:5 月 24 日 12:00-12:15

Spatial prediction of soil water retention curves from particle size distribution data using
Arya-Paris model
Spatial prediction of soil water retention curves from particle size distribution data using
Arya-Paris model
志賀 渉 1∗ ; 向後 雄二 2 ; 斎藤 広隆 2
SHIGA, Wataru1∗ ; KOHGO, Yuji2 ; SAITO, Hirotaka2
1

東京農工大学農学府, 2 東京農工大学大学院農学研究員
Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2 Department of Ecoregion Science, Tokyo
University of Agriculture and Technology
1Predicting soil water retention curves (SWRC) or their model parameters at any unsampled locations using a geostatisticalspatial interpolation technique requires a number of high quality retention data. Obtaining SWRC is, however, generally tedious,time consuming, and sometime expensive. Therefore, pedotransfer functions (PTF), which allow one to predict soil hydraulicproperties, such as SWRC, from easily measured soil properties, have been developed. One of the common PTF by Aryaand Paris (AP) predicts water retention curves from particle size distributions (PSD) and dry bulk densities. In this study ageostatistical spatial interpolation technique was coupled with the AP model to predict water retention curves at given unsampled
locations from PSD. There are two approaches available: (1) First, SWRC are predicted from PSD at given observed locations
using the AP model. SWRC are then predicted at given unsampled locations through the geostatistical spatial interpolation
technique from those predicted by the AP model. This approach is referred to as the PTF-first and Interpolation-later approach or
the PI approach. (2) First, PSD and the bulk densities are predicted at given unsampled locations using the geostatistical spatial
interpolation technique from observed PSD. Then, SWRC are predicted at the unsampled locations by the AP model from theinterpolated PSD and bulk densities. This approach is then referred to as the Interpolation-first and PTF-later approach or the IP
approach. Current study compares the performance of these two approaches to predict SWRC at any given unsampled location.
Ordinary kriging (OK) one of the most commonly used geostatistical interpolation technique was used. The data used in thisstudy were obtained from the Las Cruces trench site database, which contains water retention data for 448 soil samples. The
dataset was then split into two sets, prediction and validation sets. This allows for the computation of prediction errors (meanabsolute error or MAE and mean error or ME). The results show that performances of the PI and IP approaches were comparable,
while the PI generally requires less workload as the number of kriging one needs to perform is much less for the PI compared to
the IP. It was also shown that MAE were almost the same between the PI and the IP.

1/1

AGE04-P01

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30..
The Effect of Artificial Macropores on the Amount of Organic Matters in Soils and Plant
Biomass
森 也寸志 1∗ ; 山本 哲也 2 ; 藤原 篤志 2 ; 山岸 主門 2 ; 松本 真悟 2
MORI, Yasushi1∗ ; YAMAMOTO, Tetsuya2 ; FUJIHARA, Atsushi2 ; YAMAGISHI, Kazuto2 ; MATSUMOTO, Shingo2
1
1

岡山大学, 2 島根大学
Okayama University, 2 Shimane University

Artificial macropores with fibrous material were installed in degraded red yellow soils to enhance vertical infiltration alongwith organic matter and nutrients. They enhanced vertical infiltration without cultivation which could cause small particle loss
from the surface soils. Macropore and no macropore plots were prepared and total carbon in 10, 30, 50 cm depth were measured
every half year. Infiltrated soil water was sampled through capillary force soil water sampler to measure total organic carbon andion concentration. Results showed that soil total carbon in macropore plot increased in spring while it decreased in fall. Control
plot showed few fluctuations. Total carbon concentration in soil water also showed higher trend in macropore plot, thus the
TC fluctuation in soils could be caused by infiltrated soil water conducted by artificial macropores. Ion concentration was alsomeasured to find that nitrate nitrogen was higher in summer season in macropore plot, which would be a source for biologicaldecomposition of organic matter and also for nutrient for plant growth. Resulted plant biomass in macropore plot was two times
larger than that in control plot. Additionally, plant species number observed at the macropore plot was 12, while it was 8 incontrol plot. This vegetation would be possible organic matter source for future soils. Finally, carbon increment in poor nutrient
soils after macropore installation was calculated as 0.0036 g-C g-soil-1 yr-1 (20.4 t-C ha-1 yr-1), which was very successful. The
study had successfully showed that relatively simple technique of artificial macropore with fibrous material could increase theorganic matter in soils and recover the vegetation in ill-drained soils.

キーワード: マクロポア, 浸透, 炭素固定
Keywords: macropore, infiltration, carbon sequestration

1/1

AGE04-P02

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

自然由来汚染土壌における鉛の長期的溶出特性評価
Characterization of Long-Term Leaching Properties of Lead from Naturally Contaminated Soils
張 銘 1∗ ; 吉川 美穂 1 ; 原 淳子 1 ; 杉田 創 1
ZHANG, Ming1∗ ; YOSHIKAWA, Miho1 ; HARA, Junko1 ; SUGITA, Hajime1
1
1

産総研
AIST

Recent amendment of the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act in Japan requires countermeasures to the soils including
naturally occurring heavy metals, i.e., the soils even if they are naturally contaminated. Among a variety of toxic heavy metals,
Lead remains a top priority for study, because it is one of the most common contaminants not only in Japan, but worldwide.
To characterize the long-term leaching properties of lead from naturally contaminated soils, six samples taken from the surroundings of different, abandoned metal mines were collected and tested. Chemical compositions, mineral compositions, cationexchange capacity, total organic carbon, total and leaching concentrations, existing form and sequential leaching concentrationsof lead were systematically analyzed and examined.
The results of this study demonstrated that 1) X-ray fluorescence analysis cannot obtain comparative value of total concentration of lead for naturally contaminated soils compared with the standard test method based on acid extraction. 2) Leaching
concentration does not depend on total concentration. Soil samples containing low total concentrations that are below environmental standard may have high leaching concentrations. 3) Leaching concentration is not stable during sequential and/or
long-term leaching. Leaching concentration that meets environmental standard at a time may fail to meet environmental standard
someday even under similar pH conditions. 4) Leaching properties of lead from naturally contaminated soils are fundamentallycontrolled by its existing form. 5) Compared with removing toxic heavy metals, immobilization and/or solidification together
with risk-based management of naturally contaminated soils could be more cost-effective and practical.
キーワード: 自然由来, 重金属類, 鉛, 長期溶出特性, 逐次溶出試験
Keywords: Naturally Occurring, Heavy Metals, Lead, Long-Term Leaching Properties, Sequential Leaching Test

1/1

AGE04-P03

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

土壌パイプが降雨流出過程に及ぼす影響
Soil pipe effect on rainfall-runoff process
山崎 琢平 1∗ ; 井本 博美 1 ; 濱本 昌一郎 1 ; 西村 拓 1
YAMASAKI, Takuhei1∗ ; IMOTO, Hiromi1 ; HAMAMOTO, Shoichiro1 ; NISHIMURA, Taku1
1
1

東京大学
The University of Tokyo

Introduction
At hillslope, soil pipes are often formed by activity of soil fauna and plant roots as well as internal erosion. Many researches
indicated that soil pipes parallel to the slope bed greatly influenced hillslope hydrological phenomena. In order to understandhillslope soil water dynamics, it is important to understand and model role of the soil pipes. For this reason, quantitative
discussion of the effect of soil pipes on rainfall-runoff process is needed. Several model experiments and numerical analyses
using soil box with artificial soil pipes indicated that soil pipes changed groundwater table profile. However, since most previous
researches handled the steady-state condition, understanding of soil pipe effect on transient water dynamics during a rainfall
event is still limited.
Our research objective is to clarify the effect of soil pipes on unsteady soil water dynamics under rainfall.
Experiment and numerical analysis
We packed toyoura sand homogeneously to form a soil box of 60 cm long, 30 cm high and 4 cm thick, with an outlet at thedownstream end. As the artificial soil pipe, perforated acrylic pipes with the inside diameter of 7 mm were buried. The artificial
soil pipes had many drain holes of 3 mm in diameter at the lateral side to pass soil water between soil matrix and pipe. The
pipes were covered by nylon mesh to prevent inflow of sand particles. Soil pipes were buried at 2.5 cm above the impermeable
bed. Soil pipes are commonly considered to be discontinuous in the soil, so we set three soil-pipe conditions, i.e. no pipe,
continuous pipe and discontinuous pipes. Rainfall simulator was set above the soil surface to add the rainwater to the soil. At
first, constant rainfall was added to attain steady state percolation through the soil. Then, rainfall intensity had risen for a while,and then returned to be the same intensity at the beginning of the rainfall. This procedure gave a pulse-like change in rainfall
intensity. During the experiment, we measured rainfall intensity and discharge from an outlet by the tipping bucket. Also, soil
water pressure at twelve observation points was monitored using tensiometers.
In the numerical analysis, we tried to reproduce the experiment using HYDRUS-2D software. Soil pipe was modeled as
virtual soil matrix with high hydraulic conductivity and low air-entry value. Soil hydraulic function was described by the van
Genuchten-Mualem model. Applied rainfall was expressed by the flux boundary and downstream outlet was assigned as seepage
face boundary.
Keywords: soil pipes, rainfall-runoff process

1/1

AGE04-P04

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

海成帯水層の温度変化が地下水質に与える影響
Effects of temperature change in a marine subsurface aquifer on groundwater quality
釼持 将人 1∗ ; 植木 崇 1 ; 斎藤 健志 1 ; 濱本 昌一郎 2 ; 川本 健 1 ; Moldrup Per3 ; 小松 登志子 1
KENMOCHI, Masato1∗ ; UEKI, Takashi1 ; SAITOU, Takeshi1 ; HAMAMOTO, Shoichiro2 ; KAWAMOTO, Ken1 ;MOLDRUP, Per3 ; KOMATSU, Toshiko1
1

埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科, 2 東京大学, 3 オールボー大学
Graduate School of Science and Engineering , Saitama University, 2 The University of Tokyo, 3 Aalborg university, Aalborg,
Denmark

1

Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) systems are getting increasingly used worldwide. GSHP systems utilize the groundwatertemperature via heat exchange for cooling or heating of buildings, and GSHP is generally recognized as a renewable and sustainable energy system. For example, applying GSHP instead of conventional heating/cooling systems makes it possible to reduce
CO ₂ emissions to the atmosphere, save energy, and restrain urban heat island phenomena. On the other hand, GSHP systems
dispose heat or cold to the subsurface, which causes subsurface temperature change and, consequently, may cause changes inchemical composition of the groundwater (possible groundwater contamination) as well as a disturbance of the subsurface microbial ecosystem. However, the effect of temperature change on the subsurface environment is not well understood. Therefore, we
conducted a long-term thermal loading and natural cooling test and investigated the temperature change effects on groundwater
quality. The experimental site is located in Saitama University, Japan. The experimental system was installed with a U-tube as
the heat exchanger. Four groundwater monitoring wells were installed for an upper (marine) and a lower (non-marine) aquifer
at 1m (W1), 2m (W2), 5m (W5) and 10m (W10) distance from the U-tube heat exchanger. Thermal loading into the subsurface
was applied for totally 13 months by circulating 40 ℃ water inside the U-tube heat exchanger. Results showed groundwatertemperature at W1 increased about 8 ℃ (from 17 ℃ to 25 ℃) for the first 6 months and then stayed almost constant. In theupper aquifer, concentrations of boron, DOC, and several other chemical components increased together with the increase insubsurface temperature. In the lower aquifer, a similar effect of temperature could only be observed for one chemical while data
were not sufficient for other chemical compounds. After thermal loading, the effect of natural cooling on groundwater quality
was investigated for 14 months. At the end of the thermal cooling period, the subsurface temperature and the concentrations ofcomponents that had increased during thermal loading all decreased to approximately the initial values observed before heating
had started. For these components, an approximate linear relationship between change in chemical concentration and change insubsurface temperature was observed.
キーワード: 地中熱利用ヒートポンプ, 熱負荷, 温度変化, 地下水質, 海成帯水層, 自然冷却
Keywords: Ground Source Heat Pum(GSHP), thermal loading, temperature change, groundwater quality, marine aquifer, natural
cooling

1/1

AGE04-P05

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

室内拡散試験を選択及び設計するための理論と技術的判断基準
Theoretical and Technical Criteria for Selecting and Designing Laboratory Diffusion
Tests
張 銘 1∗ ; 内田 真理子 2 ; 吉川 美穂 1
ZHANG, Ming1∗ ; UCHIDA, Mariko2 ; YOSHIKAWA, Miho1
11

産総研, 2 ケミカルグラウト（株）
AIST, 2 Chemical Grouting Co., LTD.

Mass transport in geo-environments is primarily controlled by advection, dispersion and sorption if no chemical and/or biochemical reactions and chain decay are involved. When permeability is low and/or hydraulic gradient is extremely small, masstransport in a geological stratum such as a clay layer will be controlled by diffusion and sorption.
To properly select a test method, and to effectively perform a laboratory diffusion test, theoretical solutions to both throughand in-diffusions are overviewed. Based on discussion of analytical technologies for different kinds of chemicals, such as contaminants and/or nutrients associated with bio-remediation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), this presentation illustrates
how to selection a test method, how to shorten required testing time, how to determine sampling interval and how to interpret
experimental data.

キーワード: 室内拡散試験, 透過型拡散試験, 浸入型拡散試験, 理論解, 分析精度
Keywords: laboratory diffusion tests, through-diffusion, in-diffusion, theoretical solution, analytical precision

1/1

AGE04-P06

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

撥水性発現に関する各要素の検討
Consideration of various factors on the expression of Soil Water Repellency
黒木 久暢 1∗ ; wijewardana senani1 ; 川本 健 1 ; 平舘 俊太郎 3 ; Mueller Karin2 ; Clothier Brent2 ;小松 登志子 1 ; 牧 浩之 4
KUROKI, Hisanobu1∗ ; WIJEWARDANA, Senani1 ; KAWAMOTO, Ken1 ; HIRADATE, Syuntaro3 ; MUELLER, Karin2 ;CLOTHIER, Brent2 ; KOMATSU, Toshiko1 ; MAKI, Hiroyuki41

埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科, 2 Plant & Food Research, 3 農業環境技術研究所, 4 兵庫県立農林水産技術総合センター
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 2 Plant & Food Research Institute, 3 Biodiversity Division,
National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES), 4 Hyogo Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry
and Fisheries Technology Institute1

Soil water repellency (SWR) is a phenomenon that exhibits soil hydrophobicity mainly related to the presence of organic
matter coating in soil grains. Agricultural farm manure, organic fertilizer, different vegetation type as well as microbial activity
in the soil could be the reasons to develop hydrophobicity of soil. Importance of SWR studies is to understand the nonuniformed infiltration, surface run-off and soil erosion etc. The objectives of this study are (i) to investigate the difference of SWR
measurement in the field and laboratory condition and (ii) to identify the relationship between the SWR and soil physical andchemical properties. Two sites were selected; greenhouse vegetable farm at Mizuho-farm, Miki city, Hyogo prefecture in Japanand pasture land at Tihoi farm, Waikato in New Zealand. Field measurement and soil sampling in Mizuho-farm were carried out
on December 2013 and October 2014. Sampling in Tihoi farm was carried out on February 2014 and December 2014. At theMizuho-farm, two greenhouses were selected (No. 7 and No. 21) and field water drop penetration time (WDPT) were carriedout using transect walk, grid locations (10 m x 3.0 m area), auger samples for depth profile and random points measurements. In
addition to correlate the biomass production to SWR, biomass percentage were estimated using quadrate (0.3 m x 0.3 m) method.
Similar to that, WDPT were measured at Tihoi-farm on selected transect lines along the sloping land (ridge and furrow) andmost top of the pasture land. At the same time, surface soil samples and core samples were selected to measure laboratory WDPT
and soil physio-chemical properties for Japan and New Zealand sites. Results were analyzed to compare field and laboratory
WDPT measurements and effect of physio-chemical properties on degree of SWR.
Keywords: Soil Water Repellency, water repellency parameters, soil organic carbon, mass transport

1/1

AGE04-P07

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

マグネシウム試薬の種類によるヒ素除去性能の違いについて
Difference in Arsenic Removal Performance among Types of Magnesium Reagents
杉田 創 1∗ ; 張 銘 1 ; 小熊 輝美 1 ; 原 淳子 1 ; 柳澤 教雄 1
SUGITA, Hajime1∗ ; ZHANG, Ming1 ; OGUMA, Terumi1 ; HARA, Junko1 ; YANAGISAWA, Norio111（独）産業技術総合研究所
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)

発展途上国の一部の地域では、ヒ素によって汚染された地下水を飲料水として直接利用しているため、健康被害が懸念されている。それゆえ、健康リスク低減のために、効果的かつ安価な ヒ素除去剤 の開発及び供給が切望されている。ヒ素除去剤（ヒ素吸着剤または凝集剤）を開発するためには、ヒ素除去に密接に関連する成分に着目した系統的な試験を実施し、そして試験で得られた基礎的データを蓄積・公開する必要がある。本研究では、ヒ素除去に有効な成分の一つとして、マグネシウムに焦点を当てた。ヒ素除去試験は模擬ヒ素汚染水を用いて行われた。6 種類のマグネシウム
試薬（塩化マグネシウム、硫酸マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、軽質と重質の炭酸マグネシウ
ム）が試験され、それらのヒ素除去性能は、試薬添加量と試薬中のマグネシウム含有量に基づいて評価された。
キーワード: ヒ素除去, マグネシウム塩, ヒ素汚染水, ヒ素除去率, ヒ素除去効率
Keywords: arsenic removal, magnesium salts, arsenic contaminated water, arsenic removal ratio, arsenic removal efficiency

1/1

AGE04-P08

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

Application of Time Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography to the Soil and Groundwater Contaminated Site: Case Studies
Application of Time Lapse Electrical Resistivity Tomography to the Soil and Groundwater Contaminated Site: Case Studies
WANG, Tzu-pin1∗ ; CHEN, Chien-chih1 ; CHEN, Yi-chieh2 ; DONG, Tien-hsing3 ; CHENG, Shih-nan4 ;LIU, Hsin-chang5 ; CHENG, Chih-hung2 ; HO, Ching-jen6 ; TSAI, Hung-teh6
WANG, Tzu-pin1∗ ; CHEN, Chien-chih1 ; CHEN, Yi-chieh2 ; DONG, Tien-hsing3 ; CHENG, Shih-nan4 ;LIU, Hsin-chang5 ; CHENG, Chih-hung2 ; HO, Ching-jen6 ; TSAI, Hung-teh6
1Dep. of Earth Sciences and Graduate Institute of Geophysics, National Central University, Taiwan, 2 Geophysical Technology and Engineering Co.,Ltd. R.O.C, 3 Apollo Technology Co.,Ltd. R.O.C., 4 Disaster Reduction Research Center, Chien Hsin
University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, 5 D.P.W.E. National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, 6 Environmental Protection
Administration, Taiwan
1Dep. of Earth Sciences and Graduate Institute of Geophysics, National Central University, Taiwan, 2 Geophysical Technology and Engineering Co.,Ltd. R.O.C, 3 Apollo Technology Co.,Ltd. R.O.C., 4 Disaster Reduction Research Center, Chien Hsin
University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, 5 D.P.W.E. National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, 6 Environmental Protection
Administration, Taiwan
Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is a useful geophysical tool for investigation of the soil and groundwater site. It could
be applied in estimating the groundwater flow direction and contaminants space distribution. With these applications, we could
establish monitoring or sampling wells in potential pollution areas. ERT survey could delineate the contaminated areas withhigh concentrations in relatively simple geological sites. Even in the seriously DNAPL leakage cases, it is possible to directly
detect the DNAPL pool. However, when the site condition is complex (e.g. the electrical characteristic of contaminants andgeological materials is similar), it is difficult to distinguish the differences between contaminants and geological materials inelectrical resistivity profiles. Therefore, the Time Lapse-ERT (TL-ERT) can be applied to monitor the distribution of electricalcharacteristic changes underground and to indirectly indicate the flow direction of contamination. Furthermore, the TL-ERT is
also an efficient approach to evaluate remediation effectiveness in remediation or post-remediation sites. When the lapse of timeis short, TL-ERT is similar to real-time monitoring. It is more efficient to estimate the transportation direction of pollutant or
medicament by using TL-ERT combined with Cross-Hole Electrical Resistivity Tomography (CHERT). It can not only get highresolution electrical resistivity images but also increases the benefit of new monitoring wells.
キーワード: NAPL, ERT, Time Lapse, Geophysical survey, Pollution, Resistivity imaging
Keywords: NAPL, ERT, Time Lapse, Geophysical survey, Pollution, Resistivity imaging

1/1

AGE04-P09

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

HYDRUS-2D を用いた人工マクロポアによる降雨浸透促進効果の評価
Assessment of enhanced infiltration by artificial macropore with HYDRUS-2D
﨑川 和起 1∗ ; 森 也寸志 1 ; 諸泉 利嗣 1
SAKIKAWA, Kazuki1∗ ; MORI, Yasushi1 ; MOROIZUMI, Toshitsugu1
1
1

岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科
Graduate school of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University.

土壌は植物や大気など地球全体において最大の炭素貯留体である。しかしながら，近年，気候変動や不十分な管理の影響によって，土は水の貯留層や栽培地としての機能することができない。今研究では，耕耘を行わず，雨水の浸透を促進することを目的として土壌中に人工マクロポアを導入した。劣化し，有機物の乏しい土壌では，激しい降雨によりその表層にクラストが発生する場合がある。この状況では土壌表層の土壌構造は降雨の浸透に大きく影響を与える。人工マクロポアとは土壌構造を人為的に再現することで，土壌表層における降雨の浸透を促進する働きを持つ。今実験では HYDRUS-2D を用いて人工マクロポア技術を再現することを目的としている。人工マクロポアは土壌表層に開いた孔隙から土壌表層の表面流を流入させる効果がある。しかし, HYDRU-2D では土壌表層の表面流を計算することはできない。そこで，表面流を計算するために，計算領域内に飽和含水率と透水係数が高く設定された仮想空間を設定した。そして，シミュレーションの予測値と実際の実験値を比較した。その結果，仮想大気を設定することで人工マクロポアへの降雨の流入を正確に表現することができた。以上のことから，仮想大気を用いて HYDRUS-2D 上での人工マクロポアの浸透促進を再現が可能であるとわかった。

1/1

AGE04-P10

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

FTIR スペクトル分析による劣化土壌中の有機物測定
Measuring Fresh and Old Organic Matter Contents in Degraded Soils using FTIR spectroscopy.
守分 秀一 1∗ ; 那須 遥子 1 ; 森 也寸志 1
MORIWAKE, Shuichi1∗ ; NASU, Yoko1 ; MORI, Yasushi1
1
1

岡山大学大学院環境生命科学研究科
Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University

土壌は陸域で最大の炭素プールであり，また，水貯留や植物の培地としての重要な機能も持つ．しかし現在，気候変動による土壌消失や農地管理の変化が，土壌有機物の減少を引き起こしている．現在の研究で我々は浸透促進によって表層の有機物を土壌中に引き込むことに成功しており，植物生育を促している．この際に，新鮮有機物の寄与と既存の有機物を区別出来たならば，浸透促進効果の測定において有益である．そこで本研究では，フーリエ変換型赤外分光光度計（FT-IR）が土壌中の有機物に適用できるか検討を行った．
豊浦標準砂とベントナイトをベース材料とし，炭素重量でそれぞれ土壌中の有機物に見立てたセルロースとフミン酸を 0〜5%の割合で混合した．測定には拡散反射法を用い，ピーク面積から定量を試みた．得られた赤外スペクトルより，3450cm−1 ，2900cm−1 がセルロースと，2600cm−1 がフミン酸との相関を持つ吸収強度であるとわかった．最後にセル
ロースとフミン酸の両方を混合した試料から，セルロースとフミン酸それぞれの量が測定を試みた．セルロースは，フミン酸の量にかかわらず，濃度が 2%以下のとき精度よく定量出来た．一方で，フミン酸は濃度 3%以上のときに精度よく定量出来た．

キーワード: FTIR スペクトル, 土壌有機物, 土壌炭素
Keywords: FTIR spectrums, soil organic matter, soil carbon

1/1AGE04-P11

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

A Case Study of Combining Geophysical Prospecting Techniques at a DNAPLs Contaminated Site
A Case Study of Combining Geophysical Prospecting Techniques at a DNAPLs Contaminated Site
LIU, Hsin-chang2∗ ; LIN, Chih-ping2 ; WNAG, Tzu-ping1 ; DONG, Tien-hsing3 ; CHEN, Yi-chieh3
LIU, Hsin-chang2∗ ; LIN, Chih-ping2 ; WNAG, Tzu-ping1 ; DONG, Tien-hsing3 ; CHEN, Yi-chieh3
1Chien Hsin University of Scien, Taiwan, 2 National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, 3 Apollo Technology Co.,Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan.
1
Chien Hsin University of Scien, Taiwan, 2 National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, 3 Apollo Technology Co.,Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan.
Since 2008, site remediation was being conducted on both soils and groundwater which are impacted by dense non-aqueous
phase liquid plumes (DNAPLs), in an old waste dump site of abandoned factory located in Hsinchu, Taiwan. This included continuous pumping and treatment on contaminated groundwater from wells. The DNAPLs existed for a long time and no records ofprevious operation were available. Therefore, significant quantity of DNAPLs remained in the subsurface and infiltrated downwards from the topsoil to lower bedding of fine sand embedded with gravel and siltstone.
In this study, we presented the investigation outcomes of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground-penetrating radar(GPR) at the DNAPLs-impacted site. Evaluation of RIP technique deployment in detecting buried DNAPLs and assessmentof remediation efforts are also discussed. Results indicated zones with anomalously high resistivity to be associated with contaminated DNAPLs presence. Resistivity maps clearly outlined the subsurface distribution and the possible migration path of
DNAPLs.
キーワード: Dnapls, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), ground-penetrating radar (GPR)
Keywords: Dnapls, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), ground-penetrating radar (GPR)

1/1

AGE04-P12

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

Application of Surgical Remediation to Complex Contaminated Sites in Taiwan
Application of Surgical Remediation to Complex Contaminated Sites in Taiwan
TIEN-HSING, Tung1∗ ; SHRIHARI, Chandraghatgi2 ; CHE-HAO, Ho1 ; YU-FENG, Huang1 ; TZU-PIN, Wang3 ;YI-CHIEN, Chen3 ; CHIH-HUNG, Cheng3
TIEN-HSING, Tung1∗ ; SHRIHARI, Chandraghatgi2 ; CHE-HAO, Ho1 ; YU-FENG, Huang1 ; TZU-PIN, Wang3 ;YI-CHIEN, Chen3 ; CHIH-HUNG, Cheng3
1
1

Apollo Technology Co., Ltd., 2 ECOCYCLE Co., 3 Geophysical Technology & Engineering Co., Ltd.
Apollo Technology Co., Ltd., 2 ECOCYCLE Co., 3 Geophysical Technology & Engineering Co., Ltd.

Because of geological heterogeneity, it is easily to misestimate the distribution of pollutants and to predict the transportationof pollutants difficultly during the investigation and remediation of groundwater contamination. Furthermore, the injection ofgas and remediation regents or biological species cannot effectively transport to pollutant area of complex geology, especiallyin low-permeability strata. Therefore, it is necessary to develop Surgical Remediation(SR) for some geological heterogeneity
complex sites. The SR is to applying high resolution of investigation techniques to get more underground characteristic, suchas 3D pollutant distribution, geological distribution and biochemical information, and to using better remediation transportation
techniques to overcome geological heterogeneity. For example, remediation regents can be spread more widely to remediate
pollutants in low-permeability strata.
A geological complex contaminated site in Taiwan, interbedded with sand and silty clay and its permeability reached 2˜3orders of magnitudes, was studied in this research. The groundwater is highly contaminated with 1,2-Dichloroethane and Vinyl
Chloride. (Many of them reached tens of ppm.) The pollutants have distributed over high-permeability strata (sand) and lowpermeability strata (silty clay). We introduce the concept of SR, using Multi-Depth Pollutant Sampling Analysis, Multi-Depth
Radon Analysis, Bacteria Flora Analysis, Multi-Depth Slug Tests, Well Log Analysis and Multi-Depth Flow Velocity and Direction of Single Well Test, to evaluate the 3D hydrogeology characteristic and the space-time variation of pollutants. We design
appropriate injection pressure and flow according to hydraulic conductivity value range, pollution concentrations, and polluted
depth and apply Double Packer Injection (DPI) to utilize multi-depth method injecting remediation regents (Japan Patented Biostimulation Reagents, EDC?, which can degrade high-concentration chlorinated contaminants effectively was chosen.) into thespecific deep strata, and use the automated monitoring system developed by ourselves to confirm the interrelationship between
the pressure of each injection depth and flow changes. The injection parameters are modified accordingly and instantly. Finally,
we use the groundwater flow direction and perpendicular direction to evaluate the overall mass flux variation, and combine withnovel geophysical, Cross-Hole Electrical Reisitivity Tomography (CHERT), to directly or indirectly evaluate remediation regentsvariation during transportation and the space-time improvement performance. This research proves that SR can be effectively
investigated underground characteristic, and remediation regents can be efficiently transported within high-permeability strata
and low-permeability strata to fit in with the expected direction, and pollution concentrations can be reduced significantly in few
months to conform to the Control Standard.
キーワード: Geological heterogeneity, Surgical remediation, Double Packer Injection, Automated Monitoring Systems, CrossHole Electrical Reisitivity Tomography
Keywords: Geological heterogeneity, Surgical remediation, Double Packer Injection, Automated Monitoring Systems, CrossHole Electrical Reisitivity Tomography

1/1AGE04-P13

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

多孔質体における溶質輸送係数の温度依存性に関する研究
Temperature Dependency on Solute Transport Parameters in Porous Media at Saturated
Condition
有原 萌恵 2 ; 濱本 昌一郎 1∗ ; 川本 健 2 ; 西村 拓 1 ; 小松 登志子 2
ARIHARA, Moe2 ; HAMAMOTO, Shoichiro1∗ ; KAWAMOTO, Ken2 ; NISHIMURA, Taku1 ; KOMATSU, Toshiko2
1

東京大学大学院農学生命科学研究科, 2 埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科
Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 2 Graduate School of Science and Engineering,
Saitama University

1

Widespread use of ground source heat pump systems may disturb thermal condition of soils, and potentially causes changes insubsurface mass transport. Therefore, understanding temperature dependency of the solute transport characteristics is essential
to accurately assess environmental risks due to perturbation of subsurface temperature. In this study, one-dimensional solutetransport experiments were conducted in repacked columns under temperature control (10 o C to 40 o C) to investigate effects
of temperature on solute transport parameters. Toyoura sand and glass beads were used in the experiments. In the transport
experiments, 0.01M KCl solution was injected to the core sample with 5-cm diameter and 5-cm height from the bottom end.
The concentrations of the electrolyte at the effluent were measured using electrical conductivity, and used for calculating solute
dispersion coefficient. The solute diffusion experiments were also performed under different temperature conditions to obtaintemperature effect of solute diffusion coefficient. The results showed hydraulic conductivity and solute diffusion coefficient for
both materials increased with increasing temperature due to lower viscosity of water at higher temperature. Toyoura sand showedthat solute dispersion coefficient at 25 o C was highest followed by 40 o C, and 10 o C, indicating effects of temperature on solute
diffusivity and viscosity of water affected solute dispersion characteristics. For glass beads with larger size fraction, temperaturedependency on solute dispersion coefficient was insignificant.
キーワード: 溶質分散係数, 溶質拡散係数, 透水係数, 温度依存性
Keywords: solute dispersion coefficient, solute diffusion coefficient, hydraulic conductivity, thermal dependency

1/1

AGE04-P14

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

スリランカ廃棄物処分場における埋設廃棄物の締固め特性
Compaction properties for municipal solid waste at open dumping sites located in Sri
Lanka
大畠 寛之 1∗ ; 斎藤 健志 1 ; 橘 伸也 1 ; ブッディヒカ バラソリーヤ 2 ; ナディージ プリヤンカラ 2 ;チャンダナ クルクラスリーヤ 3 ; 川本 健 1
OHATA, Hiroyuki1∗ ; SAITO, Takeshi1 ; TACHIBANA, Shinya1 ; B. L. C. B., Balasooriya2 ;N. H., Priyankara2 ; L. C., Kurukulasuriya3 ; KAWAMOTO, Ken1
1

埼玉大学大学院理工学研究科, 2 ルフナ大学, 3 ペラデニヤ大学
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan, 2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka, 3 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya,
Sri LnakaDepartme
1

Due to rapid urbanization, generation of municipal solid waste is increasing in developing countries. However, most of thewaste disposal site in developing countries is an unsanitary open dumping causing serious social and environmental problems
such as subsidence and collapse of waste slopes at disposal sites. Sri Lanka is one of countries facing the waste disposal problems(Sato, et al,. 2012), and most of collected waste is dumped at the disposal sites without any engineering consideration such as
ground settlement and slope stability. Several studies have been done to investigate geotechnical properties for municipal solid
waste samples (e.g., Chen et al., 2009; Reddy et al., 2009), however effects of climate condition and age of waste on geotechnicalproperties are not well understood.
In this study, to investigate effects of climatic conditions and age of waste fill on compaction properties of buried municipal
solid waste. Boring core and box samples of buried municipal solid waste and its subgrade taken from two open dumping sites
under different climatic conditions in Sri Lanka: Udapalatha (Average temperature is 17.5 ? 25.0 degree, annual rainfall isgreater than 2,500 mm) abandoned open dumping site in the wet zone and Hambantota (Average temperature is 26.3 ? 28.1
degree, annual rainfall is less than 800 mm) open dumping site under operation in the dry zone. The age of collected ranged
less than 3 years after dumping for new dumped zones and between 4 and 11 years for old dumped zones. Furthermore, intact
boring core and box samples of subgrade were taken from a point at which no waste dumping. Basic physicals and chemical
properties such as moisture content, specific gravity (Gs), Atterberg limits, particle size distribution, waste composition, pH andEC, ignition loss were measured in the laboratory. Standard proctor tests were carried out to determine the maximum dry bulk
densities and optimum water contents for waste and subgrade samples.
Results show that Gs values for waste samples in both wet and dry zones were less than intact soil, in addition less than 2.50
for waste samples in the wet zone. Based on the waste compositions for two sites in wet and dry zone, for every waste samples,
residue content below 4.75mm were rich, and the residue content for dry zone exceed 60%, the waste samples in the wet zone
had more various kinds of wastes. The maximum dry densities (ρdmax ) for dry zone were around 1.5 times higher than thoseof wet zone. In-situ dry bulk densities (ρin−situ ) were around 80 % compared to ρdmax for both samples in wet and dry zones.
Both ρdmax and ρin−situ gave good linear relations to residue content below 2.00mm and loss on ignition. Therefore, the residue
content and loss on ignitions seem to be good indices to identify the compaction properties for dumped waste materials.
Keywords: Muncipal solid waste, Maximum dry bulk density

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AGE04-P15

会場:コンベンションホール

時間:5 月 24 日 18:15-19:30

Compressibility for industrial waste materials with various mixing proportions and settlement analysis
Compressibility for industrial waste materials with various mixing proportions and settlement analysis
IQBAL, Muhammad rashid1∗
IQBAL, Muhammad rashid1∗
1Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan, 2 Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences,
the University of Tokyo, Japan, 3 Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Engg., International Institute of Resilient Society, Saitama University,
Japan, 4 International Institute of Resilient Society, Saitama University, Japan, 5 Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, NIES, Japan1
Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Japan, 2 Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences,
the University of Tokyo, Japan, 3 Grad. Sch. of Sci. & Engg., International Institute of Resilient Society, Saitama University,
Japan, 4 International Institute of Resilient Society, Saitama University, Japan, 5 Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, NIES, Japan
Solid waste materials are highly heterogeneous depending on various waste compositions, making it difficult to understandtheir engineering characteristics. The purpose of study is to find out effects of waste compositions and mixing proportions on the
optimization of the dry density of solid waste materials. In this study, totally 6 different waste materials, un-burnable domestic
waste, un-burnable industrial waste, incineration ash, crushed concrete, organic sludge and inorganic sludge, were used as tested
materials. The purpose of study is to find out effects of waste composition and mixing proportions on the compaction and to
optimize the maximum dry bulk density of the waste samples to reduce the landfilling space requirement with least settlementof the final landfills. Standard compaction/proctor test results showed that maximum dry bulk densities of the incineration ash(1.53-1.74 g/cmˆ3) and crushed concrete (1.37-1.52 g/ cmˆ3) were higher than the inorganic sludge (0.76 g/ cmˆ3) and organic
sludge (0.90 g/ cmˆ3) respectively. The maximum dry bulk density for the mixed sample with ratio of 2:6:2 and 2:2:6 (1.65g/cmˆ3) dry mass basis were 2.17 times greater than that of inorganic sludge. Consolidation properties determined with modified
oedometer apparatus with 10cm diameter and 10cm height to incorporate the coarser fractions of the waste materials, showedthat compression index (Cc) of the sludge was 0.21 which reduced significantly 0.04 and 0.02 in that of 1:1:1 and 5:2:3 mixed
samples respectively. A simple settlement analysis was carried out using measured consolidation parameters, assuming 10-m
thick of waste layer below 3-m soil capping. Three different waste layers, only sludge, two mixed samples of concrete andsludge, three mixed samples (sludge, crushed concrete and incineration ash), were tested in the analysis. Results showed that the
final settlement for the three mixed samples was 8 times lower than that of the sludge sample.
キーワード: Solid waste, Sludge, Compaction, Consolidation, Compressibility, Settlement
Keywords: Solid waste, Sludge, Compaction, Consolidation, Compressibility, Settlement

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