2010
Environment andSocial Development
Organization-ESDO,
2010[Study on E-waste: Bangladesh Situation]
Electronic wastes might can cause environmental and health hazards. At present,
there are lack of awareness and adequate information gap on e-waste hazards in
Bangladesh. “Do we know what happens when we throw out our old electronic
devices? Probably not, but considering they contain both toxics chemicals andheavy metals we'd think someone would know”?

Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

Study onE-waste: Bangladesh Situation
Study Team leader
Shahriar Hossain, Ph.D.
Study Team Members
Siddika Sulatan
Farida Shahnaz
Asrafi B. Akram
Maherun Nesa
James Happell

PeriodDecember 2009-August 2010

Produced byEnvironment and Social Development Organization-ESDO
Supported byInternational POPs Elimination Network-IPEN and Toxics Link

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
Content
TitlesPage No.

Acronym and Abbreviation

4

1. Introduction
1.1 What is E-waste?
2. Study
2.1 Objectives of the Study
2.2 Methodology of the Study
3. Findings of the study and analysis:
Snap shot of present practices of these six products
3.1 Brief Findings
3.2 Television
3.3 Computer (Laptop & Desktop)
3.4 Mobile or Cell Phones
3.5 CFL & Mercury Bulb
3.6 Thermometer
3.7 Other Medical & Dental Equipments
3.8 Analysis of Findings
4. E-waste status in Bangladesh
4.1 E-waste Generated in Bangladesh
4.2 Specific Mercury containing product in Bangladesh
4.3 E- waste concentration areas
5. Recycling & Disposal of E-waste
6. Impacts due to the E-waste Hazard
6.1 Environmental Pollution
6.2 Health Hazards
6.3 E-waste retailers and recycling in Dhaka city
7. Policy Regimes
7.1 Law
8. Conclusion & Recommendations
9. References
10. Annex
11. Poster

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

Acronym and Abbreviation
Acronym / Abbreviated Term

Full Meaning

Cd

Cadmium

CFL

Compact Fluorescence Light

Cr

Chromium

DoE

Department of Environment

ESDO

Environment and Social Development Organization

E-wasteElectronic Waste

Hg

Mercury

Pb

Lead

POPs

Persistent Organic Pollutant

UNDP

United Nations Development Program

IPEN

International POPs Elimination Network

UNEP

United Nation Environment Program

MoEF

Ministry of environment and Forest

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
1. Introduction
Bangladesh indicates a rapid economic growth with emerging market for consumers of electric,
electronic gadgets, home appliances. These demands have created a circumstance of increasing
amounts of locally produced electronics products and increasing demand for re-using theseproducts. Equipment is largely refurbished and recycled in semiformal and informal sectors. Reuse or recycling or of equipments and as well as dumping are creating risk these days. Theseelectronic wastes might can cause environmental and health hazards. At present, there are lackof awareness and adequate information gap on e-waste hazards in Bangladesh.
ESDO has been conducted a research survey in order to address this problem and to create
mass awareness and learning initiative on e-waste through a project focusing Dhaka andChittagong city. This research “Do we know what happens when we throw out our oldreport has been written based electronic devices? Probably not, but considering they
primary data as well as based on contain both toxics chemicals and heavy metals we'dthesecondarysourcesof think someone would know”?
information. This report will give an
idea of present situation analysis, gaps and recommendations for way forward.
1.1. What is E-waste?
"Electronic waste( E-waste)" may be defined as all secondary electronic goods including
computers, entertainment device electronics, phone sets / mobile phones, and other items
such as television sets and refrigerators, whether sold, donated, or discarded by their original
owners. E-waste is a popular, informal name for electronic products nearing the end of their"useful life." Computers, televisions, VCRs, stereos, copiers, and fax machines are common
electronic products. Many of these products can be reused, refurbished, or
recycled. Unfortunately, electronic discards is one of the growing segments of our nation's
waste stream.
E-waste containing products•

Televisions and computer monitors,•

Computers and computer peripherals(e.g. monitors and key boards),•

Audio and stereo equipments

5

Heavy metals & toxic substance releasefrom e-waste
•
•
•
•
•

Mercury
Lead
Cadmium
Zinc
Chromium

Study on E-waste: Bangladesh Situation 2010 | © Copyright Environment and Social
Development Organization-ESDO, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,•

VCRs and DVD players,•

CFL bulbs,•

Video cameras,•

Telephones, cellular phones and otherwireless devices,•

Fax and copy machines,•

Video game consoles,•

Medical and dental equipments etc.

2. Study
ESDO commenced a study focusing Dhaka city, to examine the trend of usage of electronic
devises /gadgets and what’s been done during end of these equipments, what hazards are beencreated from these e-waste, what are the current practice of dumping and what rules are there
for dumping these sludge. Finally this study has tried to identify the level of awarenessregarding these e-waste and way forward to reduce environmental hazards.
2.1 Objective of the study
1. To identify the total volume of e-waste which has been generated in Bangladesh from1971 to 2010(June).
2. To analyze the management system of dumping of e- waste.
3. To describe the impact of e-waste on environment and health in Bangladesh.
4. To stop e-waste generation through a policy and law.
5. To educate and aware the users about the hazards of e-waste associated with computer
technology.
2.2 Methodology of the Study
ESDO has conducted survey in (September 2009-June 2010) in Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh on
the volume of e-waste generation of six products among at least four target groups of eachone. Each group consisted of 10 members except mobile set.30 members there due to large
number. Six products are Television, computer, mobile, CFL bulb, medical and dental
equipments. Target groups were importers, retailers, repairers and users or each product.
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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
3. Findings of the study and analysis: Snap shot of present practices of these six products
3.1 Brief Findings
In every year Bangladesh generated roughly 2.8 million metric tons of e-waste. But without
knowing the harmful effect of the e-waste these has dumped in to the open landfills, farming
land and in the open sources of water bodies.
• Health impact: Cancer, Asthma, Nerves breakdown, Hearing problem, Visual problem,
Infant-mortality, disable baby birth.
• Environmental impact: Air pollution, Water pollution, Land pollution and life threat for
wildlife• In Bangladesh every year more than 15% child worker died during and after effect of ewaste recycling and more than 83% are exposed by toxics substances and become sickand live with long term illness. According to ESDOs recent study and available
information, approximately (50,000) fifty thousand children’s are involved in the nonformal e-waste collection and recycling process, amongst them about 40% are involved
in ship breaking yards.
• E-waste generated from ship breaking yards alone about 2.5 million metric tons of toxics
e-waste in a year.
• Bangladesh has generated 10,504 metric tons of toxics e-waste by cell phone sets withinlast 21 years.
• Every year around 296302 TV sets become scrape and generated 0.17 million metrictons of e-waste.
3.2 Television
ESDO conducted survey in stadium market, the largest market of television amongst 10
importers as sample.
Volume of E-waste from Television
In Bangladesh there is no manufacturer of television. They are all assemblers. Basically who are
involved in television business either they are importers or retailers or repairers. Whilesurveying, most of the importers introduced themselves as retailers and repairers as well. They
do not confess that they are assemblers but varieties of television sets are stored insides the
shops though they hang brand name signboards.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
First of all, to understand the present scenario of e-waste estimation has been needed tomeasure the total volume of e-waste since 1971 to June 2010. To make a simple estimation 10
years have been considered.
Up to 1981 the urban population rate of Bangladesh was 18% of total population. In ourcountry television (Black and White) was introduced in 1964. Color television was in 1984.The
TV users of that time were urban dwellers. Remarkable, TV license holders were 7% of urban
population. Since the longevity of a television is 5 to10 yrs, so we can easily say after 1971 to
1981 around 50% television (estimated) would be counted as rejected sets which had been
produced e-waste. So, we can easily guess up to 1981 the volume of e-waste is 8,500 Metrictons (@ of 1 set =15 kg) from television sets was around 566,445 of total television sets
(11,32,891).
In 1991 the growth rate of urban population wasn’t increased, i.e. 18% like last 10 yrs. But
naturally TV users and rejected TV sets rate wereenhanced. The volume of e-waste was 962,973 in
numbers (approximately 14,500 M.T) deliberately
after 10 yrs i.e. in 2001 and up to June 2010 thevolumes of e-waste of TV sets are respectively
3258582 and 733455. These figures have beencounted based on growth rate of urban population
and TV users per yearly. So total volume of ewaste is 181,834 Metric Tons from television sets
after the birth of Bangladesh up to current time is1, 21, 22,255.
Re-use or re-cycling rate
ESDO’s survey report shows that 8 Importers out of 10, import parts for non-brand television
sets. Namely- Walton, My One, Konka, G. Hanzs, Esquire, TCL, Haier from Chine and Malaysia.
60% assembler assembles these parts in their factories and produce above mentioned local
brand sets. The warranties of the most of the TV sets are 5 to 10 years. 8 importers sell around
670 TV sets in a year.
8 retailers, most of the time they sell some unknown television to the customers such as –SMY,
Walton, Tristar , Nova , My One ,China, Esquire, TCL, Haier which are low cost. 20% retailers sellaround 1500 TV sets in a year.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
Based on the income capacity customers’ use non- brand televisions and lifetime of these sets
are not more than 3-5 yrs. Assemblers, repairers and customers don’t know which
Most of the time about 60% heavy metals contain in a television set. And thus they are
repairer repair non–brand sets unaware of e-waste and dumping of it.
and about 20% repairer repair
around 170 brand TV sets in a year. So these non brand TV sets are mainly liable to produce ewaste.
Rejection reuse and dumping practice
About 50% assembler companies are sold out the generated waste, 30% are dumped, 20% arestored for long while. 30% repairers stored the old and damage TV sets for repairer and farther
uses, 15% dumps it, 5% didn’t want to inform. Among the customers 40% sold rejected sets to
the repairers, 10% through away and 20% reuses it after repairing.
Survey gives us can easily illustrate the dumping management scenery of total Dhaka city.
3.3. Computer set (Laptop, Desktop):
ESDO conducted survey in IDB Bhaban, the largest market of computer amongst 10 importers
as sample. Besides, from some institutions (office, cyber center) information has been gathered
to identify the using and reusing rate of computer.
In Bangladesh there is no manufacturer of computer. They are all assemblers. Basically who are
involved in computer business either they are importers or retailers or repairers.
Volume of E-waste from Computer
Up to 1990 the urban population rateof Bangladesh was 18% of total
population. In Bangladesh computer
was introduced in1980s.The computer
users of that time were urban
dwellers. Since the durability of acomputer is 3 to 5 yrs, it can be easily
said after 1980 to 1990 around 50%
computers (estimated) can be counted
as rejected sets which had been
produced e-waste. So, we can easily
guess up to 1990 the volume of e9

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
waste from computer sets was around 100,309.In 2000 the growth rate of urban population
was 27%. Naturally computer users and rejected sets rate were enhanced. The volume of ewaste was 399010. Deliberately after 10 yrs i.e. in June, 2010 the volumes of e-waste ofcomputer sets (desktop, laptop) is 1604368. These figures have been counted based on growthrate of urban population and computer users per yearly. So total volume of e-waste fromcomputer set after 80decades up to current time is 21,03,687.
ESDO’s survey report shows that 20% Importers, import non-brand devices of computer set(e.g. Mercury and Havit from Chine and Taiwan.) Warranties of the most of the devices of thesets are 3 to 5 years.10% cyber café use mercury brand.
40% assemblers buy different parts of a computer from used computers. 90% assembler buy
used computers. After assembling 80% assemblers ensure 1 year warranty of a set.
Dumping practiceAssemblers buy different devices
from used computers and reuse
after repairing and ensure warranty
for 1 yr.

Assemblers, repairers don’t know which heavy metals
contain in a computer set. And thus they are unawareof e-waste and dumping of it.

None of the institution under the survey done by ESDO does not buy used computers. Total
60% assemblers dump the e-waste in storage and dustbin and 40% repairer and 50% institution
dump e-waste anywhere and everywhere.
3.4 Mobile /cell phone
In Dhaka city ESDO conducted survey at Eastern Plaza one of the largest markets of mobile set.
In Bangladesh, those who introduce themselves as company of mobile sets
are basically retailers. They hang signboards in the name of companies
namely Nokia, Sony Erickson, and Samsung but inside the shops they keep
varieties of sets.
Most of the retailers sell the sets of Nokia, Sony Erickson, and Samsung
from Singapore, Dubai, Hungary. They also prefer to sell sets from China.
They don’t distinguish between brand and non-brand sets.
Volume of E-waste from mobile phone sets
In Bangladesh mobile phone was introduced in1989. There are six
companies in Bangladesh. Such as-Citycell, Grameen, Banglalink, Robi, Teletalk( Govt.) and
Warid telecom. From 1990 to 2009 the total subscribers of six companies are 4, 72, 20,000. Till
to June 2010 it may be increased 10% of total. Now subscribers are 5,19,42,000. Each
subscriber use more or less 2 sets. So total sets will be 10,38,84,000. Since the lifetime of amobile set is not more than 1 year so, it can be said that in last 10 years sets had been used10

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
31165200.80% mobile (estimated) would be counted as rejected sets which had been produced
e-waste. Therefore, it can be estimated till June 2010 the volume of e-waste from mobile sets isaround 2,49,32,160 .
ESDO’s survey report shows that 9 Importers Both sets (brand and non brand) areout of 30, import phone sets from Chine. 6 warranted for 1 year and especially non brandimporters of 30 ones import from 150- 1200 sets are generating e-waste
mobile sets in a month. 6 importers sell in amonth from150-1000 sets. The warranty of these set is1 year. 50% retailers sell china sets. 20%
retailers sell 2700 non-brand mobile sets in a year.
Dumping practiceRepairer and customers don’t know which heavy metals contain in a mobile set and thus areunaware of e-waste and dumping of it. 73% repairer dump their rejected mobile sets instoreroom .40% consumer dump rejected sets anywhere and everywhere of home.
3.5 CFL and Mercury Bulb
ESDO conducted survey among the different customer of CFL bulb
to get dumping management system of it.
In Bangladesh, CFL bulb set was introduced at least five years backby Transcom Electronics Ltd. Till 2010 the production of CFL by theTranscom Ltd. was 3200000 bulbs. 1t has been increased 35% of
total year to year. The lifetime of a CFL bulb is not more than 1 year
to 18 months. Therefore, it can be said that in last 5 years thenumber of rejected bulbs of Transcom were 5253313pieces. There
are also six other companies produce CFL bulbs in Dhaka city (e.g.
Energy pac, Osaka, Onik, Delta, SKS and Rangs.)
Table-1: CFL Bulb
Name of the companies

Yearly production (2009-2010,
up to June )combined with last five year
production (in per unit)

Yearly generated e-waste(2009-2010, up to June )combined with last five years
production(In metric ton)

Transcom
Energy pack
Other companies(Osaka,Onik, Delta, SKS, Rangs)
Total

3200,000
1600,000
960,000

314.95
157.4794.48

57,60,000

566.9011

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
Table-2: Mercury /Tub bulb
Category

No. of used mercury bulb 2001 - 2010 (June) (Inper unit)

No of generated e-waste 20012010 (June)(In netric ton)

Household

1453810286.17

Industrial
sectorTotal

80,02,114

1575.159455942

1861.32

Volume of E-waste by CFL and mercury bulb
According to the census of 2001 the number of household in municipalities were 19,34,000. In
last 10 years each household used at least 3 mercury bulbs. So in last 10 years the volume ofgenerated e-waste from CFL and Mercury bulbs is 2428.22 metric ton.
Dumping practice
To consumers are more or less unknown regarding containing mercury of CFL bulb. 50% of thecustomers dump the rejected bulbs to dustbin.
3.6 Thermometer
In Bangladesh thermometer is widely used as medical equipment in each household. Especiallyin urban area more or less each family or household
has a thermometer in a year.
Since 1971 to 2010(June) urban households are
61,02,95,237. Since the longevity of a thermometer is 1
year, so from 1971 to 2010 about 61,02,95,237 pieces
thermometers have already been rejected after using.
So, the volumes of E-wastes are 8513.59 metric tons
(10 years)
Table-3: Thermometer
year
Used thermometer (ten years)(In per unit)
1971
3,3615,120
1971-818,0920,800
1981-91
10,0309,667
1991-2001
16,6254,182
2001-2010
22,9195,469
Total
61,02,95,238

12E- waste (ten years) (inmetric ton)
497.061194.64
1296.882357.433167.64
8513.59

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
3.6.1 Others Medical and dental equipments:
The availability and access to health services in Bangladesh is poor and less than 40% of the
population receives primary health care. According to the World Health Organization, in 2000
there were just 29,746 doctors in Bangladesh or just one doctor per 4,521 people. (Reference:
Country Health Profile, Bangladesh, WHO Regional office for south-east asia, w3.whosea.org)
In 2003, total expenditure on health was just 1.1% of GDP.
The government has made efforts to improve the health system by implementing initiatives
such as the Primary Health Care approach, adopted by the Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare in 1988. Due to limited government funds, the Primary Health Care system covers just
12 areas, reaching 48 million people which are less than 40% of the population.
Sources: Human Development Report 2006, UNDP, World Health Organization, UNEP, ESDO
baseline survey
According to the census report 2001 the registered physician of Bangladesh is 32278. And
according to Bangladesh Medical and Dental Council report last 10 years it can be increased
30% i.e. 41961.If each doctors used 10 medical equipments, therefore since 1971 to 2010
medical equipments are used 4,19,610. Since the lifetime of these equipments are not morethan 5 years, so last 10 years rejected equipments have been1, 67,844(estimated) for eachdoctor.
According to census report 2001 government hospitals are 660. So it may be 726 till 2010. Eachgovernment hospital uses at least 30 equipments, so till 2010 the number of used equipments
was 21780. In last 10 years rejected equipments are 13068. Last 10 years the rejected
equipments in private clinics were 12870. So we can say last 10 years in medical sector thevolume of e-waste is 1,93,782. In dental sector e-waste may be 5813. In total the volume of
medical e-waste is199595.
Dumping practice
According to the survey report of ESDO about 30% doctors, 90% clinic and hospital and 50%
dentist dump the e-waste in store.
Among the all above mentioned electronic elements most of the e-waste generated frommedical equipments with thermometers. The volume of e- waste of it is including thermometer
61,04,94,832.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
3.7 Analysis of the findings:
From the total working process including data gathering and data analysis, calculation of
production of E-wastes in Bangladesh per year can be summarized like this;Ship Breaking Yard =2.5 million metric ton/yr (250000 metric ton/yr)

Television =0.17 million metric ton/yr (26000 metric ton/yr)

Computer =0.035 million metric ton/yr (35000 metric ton/10yrs)

Mobile Phones =0.005 million metric ton/yr (10504 metric ton/21yrs)

CFL Bulb =0.0005 million metric ton/yr (566.90 metric ton/6yrs)

Mercury Bulb =0.001 million metric ton/yr (1861.32 metric ton/10yrs)

Thermometer =0.009 million metric ton/yr (8513.59 metric ton/10yrs)

Other Medical & Dental Wastes =0.09 million metric ton/yrs (93478.25 metric ton/10yrs)

Total =__________________________________________________
2.81 million metric tons/yr

According to per year generation, proportion of E-wastes can be showed by the following
graphical representation, where it is too clear that ship breaking yard occupied highest position.
This sector poses us to be an alarming state. Wastes from television sets have taken the second
highest position with an exponentially increasing rate.

Figure-1: Graphical presentation of E-waste scenario of Bangladesh (per year)
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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
3. 7.1 Overall trend of consumption of electronic goods and disposal practice in Bangladesh
Bangladesh is developing with the increasing of technology usage. Sustainable and safe use oftechnology can drive an economically developed country. But the wastes from these electronic
goods come to us as curse. We consume and dump the useless products without any
consideration of environmental benefits and sustainability. From the survey report, it is clearthat Bangladesh is improving in IT, media and telecommunication sectors. These lead us to thecontamination due to the heavy metals and other hazardous chemicals.
3.7.2 Electronic products, consumption and trade in Bangladesh:• Country’s electrical manufacturers are now producing 80 per cent of electrical products
against the total demands in local markets worth about BDT 30 million.
• According to BEMMA consumption of electronics products in Bangladesh are 3.2 million
tons per years.
In every year Bangladesh generated roughly 2.8 million metric tons of e-waste. The safe
disposal of these products is not being followed strictly and without knowing the harmful effectof the e-waste these have been dumped in to open landfills, farming land and in the open water
bodies. Unfortunately the fate of millions of tons of e-waste generated each year is largely
unknown. The amount of old electronics or e-waste such as computers, phones and TV's being
discarded every year is growing rapidly.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
4. E-waste status in Bangladesh
When the earlier mentioned heavy metals and trash electronic items are dismantled without
following effective controls in place, the hazardous compounds get released which affects
human health and the environment adversely. Components which are not bio0degradable orcannot be recycledaredumpedor More than 30 millions of children, women and non-formal workers areburned in open those exposed by heavy metals lead, mercury, cadmium, zinc and chromium,releasetoxic PCB, Dioxin and furan by these e-wastes.
substance into the environment.
4. 1 E-waste generated in Bangladesh
No inventory has been made to assess the extent of E-waste problem in Bangladesh. The goodbellow generates E-waste in Bangladesh;• Total number of PCs, TVs and Refrigerators in the year 2006 was 600,000, 1,252,000 and
2,200,000.
• The total number of TV sets users is roughly 10.3 million at the end of the year 2008.
Every year around 59,85,000 TV sets become scrape and generated 88,357.14 metrictons of e-waste.
• The total number of mobile phone active subscribers in Bangladesh was 58.36million at
the end of May 2010.
• Each year more than 2.8 million tons of electronic waste (it includes e-waste from ‘ship
breaking ‘yard ) generated in Bangladesh.
• E-waste generated from ship breaking yards about 2.5 million metric tons in a year.
• POPs: from ship breaking sites, PCB, Dioxin, Furan• 10,504 metric tons of toxic e-waste by cell phone sets within last 21 years.
• Within the last 10 years IT sector generated 35,000 metric tons of e-waste in Bangladesh• Our country's mobile phone penetration touched a record mark. Still a big market isuntapped. We are creating a noticeable mobile phone density compared to thosecountries whose economic condition is better off than ours. We can easily guess on thebasis of the number of subscribers that there are more than three core mobile phonesets in our country. Average longevity of a set is about one year. So every year we are
dumping over one core mobile phone sets. Expectation of the mobile phone companies
is to make five core subscribers before the end of this decade. Thus very soon we will
dump two and half core mobile phones annually.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
4.2 Specific Mercury containing product in Bangladesh:
Consumer products:
1. Home items: Antiques, barometers,
clothes irons, electronics, jewelry,lamps/light bulbs, light switches,paint(Latex),pesticides,
security
system, shoes, sporting equipment,
televisionsets,
thermometers,
mirrors,
washing
machines,
calculators, hearing aids, toys,
pacemakers, watches, cloth irons,
desktop liquid crystal display(LCD)
monitor, laptop LCD monitors, neonlights, sewer pipes, sink traps, fire
alarm boxes, television sets,

Commercial products:
1. Medical products:
Antibiotics,batteries(medicaluse),alarms,
blood
analyzers,
sphygmomanometers,pacemakers,pu
mps,scales,ultrasound,ventilators,gastr
ointestinal tubes, vaccines, hearingaids.
2. Electric products:
Building security system, fire alarm box
switches, laptop LCD monitors,pressure control, light switches,
thermometers,
generators,
sphygmomanometers,
computermonitor.

2. Medical pharmaceutical products:
Antibiotics, contact lens solution,
dentalamalgam,
3. Chemical products:
sphygmomanometers, ear and eye
drops/eye ointment, nasal spray, skin
Acetic acid, ammonium, chloride, enzyme,
cream.
sulfuric acid, ethanol
3. Automotive parts:
Convenience light switches, heated car rearwindows, some anti-lock braking system.

4.3 E- waste concentration areas
In Dhaka the concentration or highest disposal /storage of E-waster are in Islampur,
Kamrangirchar, Gingira, Mirpur (11, 12) and Mohammadpur etc.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
5. Recycling and disposal of E-waste:
The process of recycling in Bangladesh is very injurious and hazardous; there is no proper waste
management guideline or regulation. Reuse of e-equipment is a common practice in
Bangladesh. E-equipment recycling and dismantling is a growing business. No e-waste
dismantling facility in formal sector. All the recycling is being carried out by the informal sector.
120,000 urban poor from the informal sector are involved in the recycling trade chain of Dhaka
city. 15% of the total generated waste in Dhaka (mainly inorganic) which amounts 475 tones
are recycled daily. Within this amount of waste only 20 to 35% recycled and rest laid in tolandfills ,rivers, ponds, drains, lake ,cannels and open spaces.
6. Impacts due to the E- waste hazard:
6.1 Environment pollution:
Disposal of these E-wastes without appropriate measures can cause environmental pollution.
Lack of awareness or lack of cautionary information for handling or re-using of these expiry
products can leave people expose to health hazards. E-waste is threatening the soil contents
and causing land less productive to produce crops.
Problems begin if this E-waste dumped in landfill sites or if they are dumped illegally. Either thelaw is not in place or not enforced to take proper disposal measures as well as the lack ofsystem or institutions to monitor the dumping of electronic goods. The country is blessed bymany rivers, rainwater is reaching the underground. If the substances dumped are seeping into
the soil the aquifer of water can be contaminated with lethal chemicals.
6.2 Health hazards: (from e-waste containing mercury, lead, cadmium)Mercury

Lead

Cadmium•*Brain disorders,•*Learning disabilities,•

Lung damage,•*Kidney, renal andneurological damage,•*Mental retardation,•*Fragility of bones,•

Behavioral problems,•

High blood pressure,•

Hearing impairment.

•*Nerve anddamage,brain•*Kidneydisease.

liver•*Leading
death.

18

to

even

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
6.3 E-waste retailers and recycling in Dhaka city

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
7. Policy regime:
7.1 Law: Bangladesh adopted its National Environment Policy in the year of 1992 highlighting theregulating all activities that pollute and destroy the environment.
 No specific law or ordinance for e-waste management and recycling. But we have
Bangladesh Environment Conservation Act, 1995, The Environmental Court Act, 2000,
and The Environmental Conservation Rules, 1997.
 The Environment conservation act, 1995 authorize the Director General to undertake
any activity necessary to conserve and enhance the quality of environment and tocontrol, prevent and mitigate pollution.
 Medical Waste Management Rules, 2008 addresses the waste management issues forthe medical sector including E-waste.
 No regulations specifically dealing with E-waste in Bangladesh.
 Government already prepared draft National 3R (Reduce Reuse and Recycle) Strategy
and in that draft e-waste issues were addressed.
 Hazardous Waste Management Rules is under preparation and still time to incorporate
E-waste management issues for proper management of E-waste among others.
 The Department of Environment prepared draft solid waste management rules which is
now in consultation stage and still time to include E-waste management issues in thatrule.
 Bangladesh is a signatory to Basel convention prohibiting trans-boundary movement tohazardous waste.
 Import of any kind of waste requires Government permission.
 The High Court of Bangladesh has directed the Department of Environment to ensurethat all ship- breaking yards operating without environmental clearance shut down
their operations. The court gave ruling in March’90.
 The High Court also directed the government to ensure that no ship with hazardous
wastes enter the country without being pre-cleaned at source or outside the territory of
Bangladesh.
 The court observed that none of ministries had co-operated to ensure conformity to theenvironmental laws. The order said the government had to ensure that ships were only
broken after guaranteeing safe working conditions for the laborers and having in placeappropriate disposal arrangement for hazardous wastes and protection of environment.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
8. Conclusion and Recommendation:
Till now no effective steps to stop generating e-waste or strict disposal of this sludge. Following
actions can be taken as part of way forward:
1. Inventory of E-waste in large cities of Bangladesh.
2. Develop E-waste policy and guideline with consultation with the relevant stakeholders.
3. Establish efficient collection system at least for selected electronic waste.
4. Registration and capacity development of E-waste recyclers.
5. Introduction of Environmental Management System in E-waste sector.
6. Establish E-waste tracking mechanism in order to update the inventory.
7. Awareness raising and development of communication material (poster, leaflets,
brochure, TV spot).
8. Monitor e-waste trafficking and shipment

9. Acknowledgements
Our sincere thank to Toxics Link India and IPEN for their support and useful advice andrecommendation for conducting this study, this could not have been possible without the
support and willing participation of local people and selected stockholders, NGOs, govt. and civilsocieties.

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

References:
•
•
•
•
•
•

•

•

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

IPEN/Harvey metals working group’s recommendation:
E-waste in India/ Toxics Link India,
Greenpeace China. Exporting harm: the high-tech trashing of Asia. Seattle, WA, and San
Jose, CA; February 25th, 2002.
E-waste/ The Basel Action Network (BAN),
The Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition (SVTC)
Business Weekly. October 13th, 2004. Major impact of EU directives on China’s
exports.http://www.chinadaily.
com.cn/english/doc/2004-10/12/content_382231.htm[access date: October 24th, 2004].
Gao Gujie. (Economic Systems Reform and Economic Operations Division, P.R.C. Ministryof Information Industry). Closing discussion. Conference on testing and materials
substitution for six types of hazardous substances in electronic and electric equipment.
Beijing, December 14–15, 2004.
Hong Liang. Hangzhou DADI environmental protection Co. Ltd. WEEE recycling anddisposal pilot project report. Presentation at the Zhejiang WEEE recycling and treatment
workshop, Hangzhou, March 4, 2005.
Yang G. C. C. (2001). Environmental Threats of Discarded Picture Tubes and Printed
Circuit Boards. Journal of Hazardous Material
http://www.calrecycle.ca.gov/Electronics/
http://www.next-up.org
Electronic waste recovery study: www.nrcan.gc.ca/mms-smm/busi-indu/rad-rad/pdf/elec-sfreng.pdf
Report of the Project on ‘the Import/Export Management of E-waste and Used EEE’: Basel
Convention Coordinating Center for Asia and the Pacific
Human Development Report 2006, UNDP,World Health Organization,
ESDO: Bangladesh EIA baseline survey 2005
Bangladesh Census 2000 and 2005
Child breaking Yards – Child Labour in the Ship Recycling Industry in Bangladesh/FIDH/EYPSA/IPS
Solid Waste Management in Bangladesh: Waste Concern Website: www.wasteconcern.org
www.next-up.org http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2007/11/27/how-cellphones-may-cause-autism.aspx
E-waste Management Scenario in Bangladesh/www.doe-bd.org
Table of Products That May Contain Mercury and Recommended Management Options/
http://www.epa.gov/wastes/hazard/tsd/mercury/con-prod.htm#home
Computer Hardware & Accessories: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/FAQ/2097
Bangladesh Computer Samity Annual Report: www.bcs.org.bd/contact
Bangladesh mobile phone users hits 50 million/http://uk.reuters.com

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

Annex-A
Field survey findings data tables:
CFL BULB:Name of the companies
Yearly production/ per unit
(2009-2010, up to June)
Transcom
Energy pac
Other companies(Osaka, Onik,
Delta, SKS, Rangs)
Total

3200,000
1600,000
960,000

Yearly generated e-waste/
per unit (2009-2010, up toJune)
31,58,400 (98.7%)
15,83,840 (98.99%)
956,160(99.6%)

57,60,000=

Name of the companies

Last five year production/ perunit
5253,313
2626,657
1575,994

Last five years generated ewaste/ per unit
52,00,254.538 (98.99%)
26,16,150.372 (99.6%)
15,59,446.063 (98.95%)

94,55,964

93,75,850.973

No. of used mercury bulb up
to 2010 June
8,0357,145
4,0178,572

No of generated / per unit
e-waste up to 2010 June
78476787.807(97.66%)
38925,000.553(96.88)

Transcom
Energy pac
Other companies(Osaka, Onik,
Delta, SKS, Rangs)
Total
Mercury /tub bulb:
Category
NumberHousehold 2,6785,715
Industrial
sectorTotal
4,82142,866
Note: All figures indicate single unit
Thermometer:year

Urban household/ perunit
3,3615,120
8,0920,800
10,0309,667
16,6254,182
22,9195,469

1971
1971-81
1981-91
1991-2001
2001-2010
Total
Within 39(-3,36,15,120)
years
Note: All figures indicate single unit
23

Used thermometer (tenyears)/ per unit
3,3615,120
8,0920,800
10,0309,667
16,6254,182
22,9195,469
61,02,95,238
57,66,80,118

56,98,400

11,74,01,788.36

E- waste(ten years)/ perunit
3,3615,120
8,0920,800
10,0309,667
16,6254,182
22,9195,469
61,02,95,238
57,66,80,118

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
Collective Samples of Questioners

Annex-B

Questionnaire for E- waste (In English)
Television Set
Importer (companies):
1. Which brand television set do you import?
2. From where do you import?
3. How many sets do you import in a year?
4. What’s the warranty of a television set?
5. How many sets are sold in a year?
Assembler:
1. From where do you collect the parts of a television set?
2. How do you assemble these parts?
3. Where do you assemble these parts?
4. What will the warranty of a TV set be?
5. Where do you dump the rejected parts?
Retailer:
1. Which brand television set do you sell?
2. How many sets do you sell in a year?
3. What’s the warranty of a television set?
4. Which brand set is more sustainable in using?
Repairer:
1. Which brand television set do you repairer more?
2. How many set do you repair in a year?
3. Do you know what types of heavy metals are in a TV set?
4. Where do you dump the rejected parts/sets
Computer
Importer:
1. Which brand computer set do you import?
2. From where do you import?
3. How many sets do you import in a year?
4. What’s the warranty of a computer set?
5. How many sets/parts are sold in a year?
Retailer:
1. Which brand computer do you sell?
2. How many sets do you sell in a year?
3. Do you buy used computer?
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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
4. How many used computer do you buy in a year?
5. What’s the warranty of a computer set?
6. Which brand set is more sustainable in using?
Assembler:
1. From where do you collect the parts of a computer set?
2. What will the warranty of a computer set be?
3. Where do you dump the rejected parts?
Repairer:
1. Which brand computer set do you repairer more?
2. How many set do you repair in a year?
3. Do you know what types of heavy metals are in a computer set?
4. Where do you dump the rejected parts/sets?
Institutions(Cyber café/ bank/office/Training centre):
1. Which brand is used in your organization?
2. How many years are you using these computers?
3. Are there computer here which have no warranty more?
4. Do you buy used computers for your organization?
5. From where do you buy used these sets?
6. How many used sets do you buy in a year?
7. Where do you dump the rejected parts of computer?
Mobile phones
Companies:
1. Which brand mobile set do you import?
2. From where do you import?
3. How many sets do you import in a year?
4. What’s the warranty of a mobile set?
5. How many sets are sold in a year?
Retailer:
1. Which brand mobile set do you sell?
2. How many sets do you sell in a year?
3. How many non brand sets do you buy in a year?
4. How many non brand sets do you sell in a year?
5. What’s the warranty of a mobile set?
6. Which brand set is more sustainable in using?
Repairer:
1. Which brand mobile set do you repairer more?
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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
2. How many set do you repair in a year?
3. Do you know what types of heavy metals are in mobile sets?
4. Where do you dump the rejected sets?
CFL Bulb
Owner of the Company
1. CFL bulb stands for ___?
2. When have you started marketing of it?
3. What’s the yearly production of CFL bulb in your company?
4. What’s the total rate of selling of CFL bulb in a year ?
5. How many days does a CFL bulb sustain?
6. What’s the consumption rate of it in a year in total Dhaka city?
7. What is your safety measure during production of CFL bulb?
8. From where do you import the raw materials of CFL one?
9. Where do you dump the waste of CFL bulbs?
Retailer
1. CFL bulb stands for-----?
2. When have you started marketing of it?
3. From which company do you buy CFL bulb?
4. How many bulbs do you buy in a year?
5. What’s the total rate of selling of CFL bulb in a year?
6. How many days does a CFL bulb sustain?
7. What’s the consumption rate of it in a year in total Dhaka city?
8. Where do you dump the waste of CFL bulbs?
Consumer
1. CFL bulb stands for-----?
2. Why do you use this bulb?
3. How many bulbs do you use in a year?
4. How many days does a CFL bulb sustain?
5. Do you know which elements are used to produce a CFL bulb?
6. Where do you dump the waste of CFL bulbs?
7. Do you know the impact of dumping of CFL bulb on environment?

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

Questioner for E-waste (In Bangla)

Annex-C

CFL Bulb
mgq: 10wgwbU

GbvwR© †mwfsm evj¦:
Drcv`bKvix:
1. CFL evj¦ m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi aviYv wK?
K.we`y¨r AcPq †iva K‡i

L.`xN©¯’vqx

M. aviYv bvB

N.Ab¨vb¨...........

2. K‡e †_‡K G ev‡j¦i evRviRvZKib ïi“ K‡ib?
.............................................................................
3. Avcbvi †Kv¤úvwb eQ‡i KZUv CFL evj¦ Drcv`b K‡i?
.............................................................................
4. GK eQ‡i KZUv CFL evj¦ wewµ nq?
.............................................................................
5. GKwU CFL evj¦ KZw`b †UKmB nq?
K.6 gvm

L.1 eQi

M.2 eQi

N.Ab¨vb¨....

6. GK eQ‡i XvKv kn‡i CFL ev‡j¦i ‡gvU Pvwn`v KZ?
.............................................................................
7. CFL evj¦ Drcv`‡bi mgq wK wbivcËv e¨e¯’v MÖnb K‡ib?
K. gv¯‹ e¨envi K‡ib

L. AveR©bv Qwo‡q wQwU‡q ivLv nq bv

M. Ab¨vb¨....

8. †Kv_vq †_‡K CFL evj¦ ˆZwii KuvPvgvj Avg`vwb K‡ib?
K. Bmjvgcyi

L. wRwÄiv

M. wgicyi 11

N.Ab¨vb¨....

9. Drcv`‡bi mgq CFL ev‡j¦i Ave©Rbv¸‡jv †Kv_vq †d‡jb?
K. Wv÷web

27

L.¸`vgM.hÎZÎ

N.Ab¨vb¨.............

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
mgq: 10wgwbU

LyPiv we‡µZv:
1. CFL evj¦ m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi aviYv wK?
K.we`y¨r AcPq †iva K‡i
L.`xN©¯’vqx
M. aviYv bvB
2. K‡e †_‡K G ev‡j¦i evRviRvZKib ïi“ K‡ib?
.............................................................................
3. †Kvb †Kv¤úvwb †_‡K CFL evj¦ µq K‡ib?
.............................................................................
4. Q‡i KZUv evj¦ µq K‡ib?

N.Ab¨vb¨...........

…………………………………………………
5. GK eQ‡i KZUv CFL evj¦ wewµ nq?
………………………………………………….
6.

GKwU CFL evj¦ KZw`b †UKmB nq?
K.6 gvm
L.1 eQi
M.2 eQi
N.Ab¨vb¨....
7. GK eQ‡i XvKv kn‡i CFL ev‡j¦i ‡gvU Pvwn`v KZ?
.............................................................................

‡fv³v :
1. CFL evj¦ m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi aviYv wK?
K.we`y¨r AcPq †iva K‡i
L. `xN©¯’vqx

M. aviYv bvB

N.Ab¨vb¨...........

2. †Kb G ai‡bi evj¦ e¨envi K‡ib?
K.we`y¨r AcPq †iva K‡i
L.`xN©¯’vqx

M. LiP Kgvq

N.Ab¨vb¨...........

3. eQ‡i KZUv CFL evj¦ e¨envi K‡ib?
..................................................................
4. GKwU CFL evj¦ KZw`b †UKmB nq?
K.6 gvm
L.1 eQi
M.2 eQi
N.Ab¨vb¨....
5. Avcwb Rv‡bb wK CFL evj¦ wK wK Dcv`v‡bi mgš^‡q ˆZwi?
............................................................................
6. evj¦ ¸‡jv bó n‡j †Kv_vq †d‡j †`b?
K. Wv÷web
L.‡÷vii“gM.hÎZÎ
N.Ab¨vb¨.............
7. cwi‡e‡ki Ici CFL ev‡j¦i ¶wZKi w`K m¤ú‡K© Avcwb wK Rv‡bb?
............................................................................

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
Television‡Uwjwfkb †mU:

mgq:10 wgwbU

Avg`vwbKviK (‡Kv¤úvwb) :1. †Kvb eª¨v‡Ûi ‡Uwjwfkb ‡mU Avcwb Avg`vwb K‡ib?
K)
L)
2. ‡Kv_vq †_‡K Avg`vwb K‡ib?
K. fviZ

L. ZvBIqvb

M)

M. PxbN) Abœvb¨
N.Rvcvb

O. gvj‡qwkqv

3. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU Avg`vwb K‡ib?
…………………………………………..
4. mvavibZ KZ eQ‡ii Rb¨ GKwU ‡Uwjwfkb ‡m‡Ui Iqv‡iw›U †`Iqv nq?
K. 2 †_‡K 5eQi

L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi

M) Av‡iv †ekx

5. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU weµq K‡ib?
... ...............................................
LyPiv we‡µZv:
1. †Kvb eª¨v‡Ûi wUwf‡m‡U Avcwb weµq K‡ib?
K)
L)
2. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU weµq K‡ib?
.... ...................................................
3. GKwU wUwf‡m‡Ui Iqv‡iw›U KZ eQ‡ii nq?
4. K.2 †_‡K 5eQi
L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi

mgq:10 wgwbUM)M) Av‡iv ‡ekx†`kxq cÖ¯‘ZKviK:

mgq:10 wgwbU

1. GKwU wUwf‡m‡Ui wewfbœ hš¿vsk †Kv_vq †_‡K msMÖn K‡ib?
......................................................................
2. Avcwb wKfv‡e hš¿vsk¸‡jv‡K GKwÎZ K‡ib?
.......................................................................
3. Avcwb †Kv_vq G KvRwU K‡ib?
.............................................................................
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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
4. GKwU wUwf‡m‡Ui Iqv†iw›U KZ n‡q _v‡K mvaviYZ?
K.2 †_‡K 5eQi

L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi

M) Abœvb¨

5.evwZj hš¿vsk¸‡jv †Kv_vq †d‡j †`b?
K. Wv÷web

L.¸`vgM.hÎZÎ

N.Ab¨vb¨.............

mgq:10 wgwbU‡givgZKvix:
1. †Kvb eªv‡Ûi wUwf‡mU Avcwb †ewk ‡givgZ K‡ib?
...............................................................
2. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU ‡givgZ K‡ib?
.............................................................................
3. vcwb wK Rv‡bb wUwf‡mU¸‡jv‡Z wK wK fvix c`v_© _v‡K?
.............................................................................
4. evwZj †m‡Ui Ask/‡mU¸‡jv †Kv_vq †d‡j †`b?
K. Wv÷web

30

L.¸`vgM.hÎZÎ

N.Ab¨vb¨.............

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

ComputercÖwZôvb ( mvBevi K¨v‡d/ e¨vsK/Awdm/ cÖwk¶Y †K›`ª):

mgq:10 wgwbU1) †Kvb eªª¨v‡Ûi Kw¤úDUvi ‡mU Avcbvi cÖwZôv‡b e¨envi K‡ib?
.............................................................................
2) KZ eQi a‡i Kw¤úDUvi ‡mU¸‡jv e¨envi Ki†Qb?
K. 3 †_‡K 5eQi
L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi
3) Avcbvi cÖwZôv‡b Iqv‡iw›U wenxb Kw¤úDUvi Av‡Q wK bv?
K. nu¨v
L. bv
4) Avcwb wK e¨eüZ Kw¤úDUvi µq K‡ib?
K. nu¨v
L. bv5) ‡Kv_v †_‡K µq K‡ib? ( cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡j)

M. Ab¨vb¨... ..........

.............................................................................
6) GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv e¨eüZ Kw¤úDUvi µq K‡ib?
.............................................................................
7) evwZj †m‡Ui Ask/‡mU¸‡jv †Kv_vq †d‡j †`b?
K. Wv÷web

L.¸`vgM.hÎZÎ

N.Ab¨vb¨.............

Avg`vwbKviK(‡Kv¤úvwb) :mgq: 10 wgwbU

1. †Kvb eª¨v‡Ûi Kw¤úDUvi‡mU/ hš¿vsk Avg`vwb Kiv nq?
K)L)
2. ‡Kv_vq †_‡K Avg`vwb K‡ib?
K. ZvBIqvb
L. PxbM)M) Abœvb¨

3. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU Avg`vwb K‡ib?
........................................................
4. mvavibZ KZ eQ‡ii Rb¨ GKwU Kw¤úDUvi‡mU Iqv‡iw›U †`Iqv nq?
K.3 †_‡K 5eQi

L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi

5. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU weµq K‡ib?
..............................................
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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

LyPiv we‡µZv :1. †Kvb eª¨v‡Ûi Kw¤úDUvi‡mU/ hš¿vsk wewµ Kiv nq?
..............................................
2. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU wewµ K‡ib?
..............................................
3. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv e¨eüZ Kw¤úDUvi µq K‡ib?
..............................................
4. mvavibZ KZ eQ‡ii Rb¨ GKwU Kw¤úDUvi‡mU Iqv‡iw›U †`Iqv nq?
K.3 †_‡K 5eQi
L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi
5. e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î †Kvb eª¨v‡Ûi Kw¤úDUvi ‡mU AwaK †UKmB nq?
...........................................................................
†`kxq cÖ¯‘ZKviK:
1. GKwU Kw¤úDUvi ‡m‡Ui wewfbœ hš¿vsk †Kv_vq †_‡K msMÖn K‡ib?
.............................................................................
2. Avcwb wK e¨eüZ Kw¤úDUvi µq K‡ib?
K. nu¨v
L. bv
3. mvaviYZ GKwU Kw¤úDUvi ‡m‡Ui Iqv‡iw›U KZ eQ‡ii n‡q _v‡K ?
...........................................................................
4. evwZj †m‡Ui Ask/‡mU¸‡jv †Kv_vq †d‡j †`b?
K. Wv÷web
L.¸`vgM.hÎZÎ
N.Ab¨vb¨.............
‡givgZKvix:
1. †Kvb eªª¨v‡Ûi ‡mU Avcwb †ewk ‡givgZ K‡ib?
.............................................................................
2. GK w`‡b KZ¸‡jv ‡mU ‡givgZ K‡ib?
............................................................................
3. Avcwb wK Rv‡bb ‡mU¸‡jv‡Z wK wK fvix c`v_© _v‡K?
.............................................................................
4. evwZj †m‡Ui Ask/‡mU¸‡jv †Kv_vq †d‡j †`b?
K. Wv÷web

32

L.¸`vgM.hÎZÎ

N.Ab¨vb¨.............

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Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

Mobile phone sets
†gvevBj ‡mU:

mgq:10wgwbU ‡Kv¤úvwb :1. †Kvb eªª¨v‡Ûi †gvevBj ‡mU Avcwb Avg`vwb K‡ib?
K. bwKqv

L.mwb ÎwiKmb

M.m¨vgmvs

N.Ab¨vb¨.........

2. ‡Kv_vq †_‡K Avg`vwb K‡ib?
K.Pxb
L.nv‡½ix
3. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU Avg`vwb K‡ib?
.............................................................................
4. mvavibZ KZ eQ‡ii Rb¨ GKwU †gvevBj †dv‡bi Iqv‡iw›U †`Iqv nq?
K. 1 eQi L.2 eQi M.3 eQi N.Ab¨vb¨....
5. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU weµq K‡ib?
.............................................................................
LyPiv we‡µZv:
1. †Kvb eªª¨v‡Ûi †gvevBj ‡mU Avcwb weµq K‡ib?
K. bwKqv
L.mwb ÎwiKmb
M.m¨vgmvs
2. GK eQ‡i KZ¸‡jv ‡mU weµq K‡ib?
.............................................................................

N.Ab¨vb¨.........

3. Avcwb eQ‡i KZUv bb eª¨vÛ †gvevBj ‡mU µq K‡ib?
.............................................................................
4. Avcwb eQ‡i KZUv bb eª¨vÛ †gvevBj ‡mU weµq K‡ib?
.............................................................................
5. mvavibZ KZ eQ‡ii Rb¨ GKwU †gvevBj †dv‡bi Iqv‡iw›U †`Iqv nq?
K. 1 eQi

L.2 eQi

M.3 eQi

N.Ab¨vb¨....

6. e¨env‡ii †¶‡Î †Kvb eª¨v‡Ûi †gvevBj ‡mU AwaK †UKmB nq?
K. bwKqv

33

L.mwb ÎwiKmb

M.m¨vgmvs

N.Ab¨vb¨.........

Study on E-waste: Bangladesh Situation 2010 | © Copyright Environment and Social
Development Organization-ESDO, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

Dental Equipments
cvBKvwi we‡µZv:
1. †Kvb ai‡bi †gwW‡Kj hš¿cvwZ Avcwb Avg`vwb K‡ib?
.............................................................................
2. †Kvb †Kvb †`k †_‡K Avg`vwb K‡ib?
1.hy³ivóª 2.Rvg©vwb 3.Rvcvb 4.Ab¨vb¨...........
3. GK eQ‡i Avg`vwb nvi KZ?
.............................................................................
4. GK eQ‡i Avcwb KZ hš¿cvwZ mieivn K‡ib?
............................................................................
5. ‡Kv_vq †Kv_vq mieivn K‡ib?
K. wK¬wbK
L. nvmcvZvj

M. Wv³v‡ii cÖvB‡fU †P¤^vi

6. hš¿vsk¸‡jv KZ eQi a‡i e¨envi Kiv hv‡e?
K.2 †_‡K 5eQi
L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi

M. Ab¨vb¨

7. hš¿vsk¸‡jvi M¨vivw›U KZ eQ‡ii?
K.2 †_‡K 5eQi
L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi

M. Ab¨vb¨...........

Wv³vi:
1. wPwKrmv cÖ`v‡bi mgq Avcwb †Kvb e¨ªv‡Ûi hš¿cvwZ e¨envi K‡ib?
............................................................................
2. KZ eQi a‡i hš¿cvwZ¸‡jv e¨envi K‡ib?
K.2 †_‡K 5eQi

L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi

M. Ab¨vb¨...........

3. Avcwb wK †gqv`DËx©Y hš¿cvwZ e¨envi K‡ib?
K. n¨uv

L. bv

4. evwZj hš¿cvwZ †Kv_vq †d‡j †`b?
K. Wv÷web
34

L.¸`vgM.hÎZÎ

N.Ab¨vb¨.............

Study on E-waste: Bangladesh Situation 2010 | © Copyright Environment and Social
Development Organization-ESDO, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,
Medical Equipments
Avg`vwbKviK:
1. †Kvb ai‡bi †gwW‡Kj hš¿cvwZ Avcwb Avg`vwb K‡ib?
.............................................................................
2. †Kvb †Kvb †`k †_‡K Avg`vwb K‡ib?
hy³ivóª 2.Rvg©vwb 3.Rvcvb 4.Ab¨vb¨...........
3. GK eQ‡i Avg`vwb nvi KZ?
.............................................................................
4. GK eQ‡i Avcwb KZ hš¿cvwZ mieivn K‡ib?
.............................................................................
5. †Kv_vq †Kv_vq mieivn K‡ib?
K. wK¬wbK L. nvmcvZvj M. Wv³v‡ii cÖvB‡fU †P¤^vi
6. hš¿vsk¸‡jv KZ eQi a‡i e¨envi Kiv hv‡e?
K.2 †_‡K 5eQi L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi M. Ab¨vb¨...........
7. hš¿vsk¸‡jvi M¨vivw›U KZ eQ‡ii?
K.2 †_‡K 5eQi L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi M. Ab¨vb¨...........
LyPiv we‡µZv:
1. †Kvb ai‡bi †gwW‡Kj hš¿cvwZ Avcwb µq K‡ib?
..........................................................................
2. †Kvb eªv‡Ûi hš¿cvwZ Avcwb µq Ki‡Z Avcwb cQ›` K‡ib?
..........................................................................
3. GK eQ‡i KZ hš¿vsk µq K‡ib?
..........................................................................
4. GK eQ‡i Avcwb KZ hš¿cvwZ mieivn K‡ib?
..........................................................................
5. †Kv_vq †Kv_vq mieivn K‡ib?
K. wK¬wbK L. nvmcvZvj M. Wv³v‡ii cÖvB‡fU †P¤^vi
6. hš¿vsk¸‡jvi M¨vivw›U KZ eQ‡ii?
K.2 †_‡K 5eQi L. 5 †_‡K 10 eQi M. Ab¨vb¨...........

35

Study on E-waste: Bangladesh Situation 2010 | © Copyright Environment and Social
Development Organization-ESDO, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Study Report; E-waste: Bangladesh Situation,

36

Study on E-waste: Bangladesh Situation 2010 | © Copyright Environment and Social
Development Organization-ESDO, Dhaka, Bangladesh