࠙◊✲ࣀ࣮ࢺࠚ

Ḣᕞ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟㛵ࢃࡿ R&I ᨻ⟇࡜ ERTRAC ࡢάືEuropean Road Transport Policy and the Activity of ERTRACᚨ ⏣ ᫛ 㞝
Akio Tokuda㸦❧࿨㤋኱Ꮫ㸧(Ritsumeikan University)せ᪨
2014ᖺࠊEUࡣ࣏ࢫࢺ➨7ḟࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ࣭ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸦2007-2013ᖺ㸧࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠕHorizon
2020㸸the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation 㸦2014-2020㸧ࠖࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋHorizon 2020㸦௨ୗH2020㸧ࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢ◊✲࣭࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ㸦Research&Innovation㸧ᨻ⟇ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵࡢ㈨㔠㓄ศࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࠋH2020࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡣ2014ᖺ࠿ࡽ2020ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ7ᖺ㛫࡟⣙800൨࣮ࣘࣟࢆR&I࡟ᢞ㈨ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ㢠ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡
ࢡ㺃ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸦FP1㹼FP7㸧࡛᭱኱࡛࠶ࡾࠊୡ⏺࡛᭱ࡶᕧ㢠ࡢබⓗ࡞◊✲ࣇ࢓ࣥࢻ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
H2020ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ౑ࡗࡓR&Iᨻ⟇ࡢࡶ࡜࡛ࡣࠊศ㔝ู࡟ᵝࠎ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ୺せ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࡜ETP㸦European Technology Platform㸸Ḣᕞᢏ⾡ࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒㸧࡜⛠ࡉࢀࡿẸ㛫௻ᴗ୺యࡢࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢᐁẸࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ㸦Public-Private Partnership㸸௨ୗPPP㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᢸࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ
H2020 ࡢ R&I ᨻ⟇ࡢୗ࡛ᐇ⾜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㐨㊰㐠㍺㛵㐃ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ
ࡑࡢẸ㛫ഃࡢᐇ⾜୺య࡛࠶ࡿ ERTRAC㸦Ḣᕞ㐨㊰㍺㏦ㄪᰝㅎၥጤဨ఍㸧࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ ETP ࡟↔
Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ ERTRAC タ❧௨᮶ 10 ᖺ㛫࡟ࢃࡓࡿάືࢆࠊබ㛤᝟ሗࡢ඲࡚ࢆࢧ࣮࣋࢖ࡋ
࡚ヲ㏙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⤖ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊERTRAC ࡜ࡣࠕḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡟๎ࡗ
࡚ࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦ R&I ᨻ⟇ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵࡢࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࠖ
࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

Abstract
From January 1st, 2014, the European Union launched the new Research and Innovation
funding program called “Horizon 2020”. Horizon 2020 is a seven-year funding program(2014-2020) initiated by European Committee as a post-7th framework program(2007-2013). The indirect actions of Horizon 2020 is be implemented through the forms offunding which is expected to accelerate and realize the research and innovation policy1drafted by the European Committee. The European Committee plan to invest nearly80billion euro (in current prices) toward the R&I related projects for the term. The size ofthe budget is the largest amongst the previous framework programs (FP1̺FP7) and also
the largest public research fund in the world.
This note focused on the activity of ERTRAC, one of the European Technology Platforms(ETPs), for grasping the European road transport projects those are carried out under the
R&I policy of the Horizon 2020. ETRAC is a private side main implementer of the
projects. For that purpose this note reveals its 10 years activities by means of surveying all
the disclosed materials relevant to it. As a result, this note clarifies ERTRAC as anaccelerating platform of European road transport R&I policy in line with the European
committee’s systems approach.

࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻHorizon2020ࠊḢᕞᢏ⾡ࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒㸦ETP㸧ࠊERTRACࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒

Keywords
Horizon2020ࠊEuropean Technology Platform, ERTRAC, road transport system

1 ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
2014ᖺࠊEUࡣ࣏ࢫࢺ➨7ḟࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ࣭ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸦2007-2013ᖺ㸧࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠕHorizon
2020㸸the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation 㸦2014-2020㸧ࠖࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋHorizon 2020㸦௨ୗH2020㸧ࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢ◊✲࣭࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ㸦Research&Innovation㸧
1ᨻ⟇ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵࡢ㈨㔠㓄ศࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࠋH2020࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡣ2014ᖺ࠿ࡽ2020ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ7ᖺ㛫࡟⣙800൨࣮ࣘࣟࢆR&I࡟ᢞ㈨ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢ㢠ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡
ࢡ㺃ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸦FP1㹼FP7㸧࡛᭱኱࡛࠶ࡾࠊୡ⏺࡛᭱ࡶᕧ㢠ࡢබⓗ࡞◊✲ࣇ࢓ࣥࢻ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
H2020ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ౑ࡗࡓR&Iᨻ⟇ࡢࡶ࡜࡛ࡣࠊศ㔝ู࡟ᵝࠎ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ୺せ࡞ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢᐇ⾜ࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࡜ ETP㸦EuropeanTechnology
Platform㸸Ḣᕞᢏ⾡ࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒㸧࡜⛠ࡉࢀࡿẸ㛫௻ᴗ୺యࡢࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒࡜ࡢ㛫ࡢᐁ1Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ R&D ࡞࠸ࡋ RTD㸦Research and Technology Development㸧࡟᭰࠼࡚ࠊH2020 ࡛ࡣ
R&I ࢆබᘧᩥ᭩࡛⏝࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

2Ẹࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ㸦Public-Private Partnership㸸௨ୗPPP㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᢸࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ
H2020 ࡢ R&I ᨻ⟇ࡢୗ࡛ᐇ⾜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㐨㊰㐠㍺㛵㐃ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ
ࡑࡢẸ㛫ഃࡢᐇ⾜୺య࡛࠶ࡿ ETPࠕERTRAC㸦Ḣᕞ㐨㊰㍺㏦ㄪᰝㅎၥጤဨ఍㸧ࠖ࡟↔Ⅼࢆ࠶࡚
ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ๰タ௨᮶ 10 ᖺ㛫ࡢάືࢆ◊✲ࣀ࣮ࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࠋ
Ẹ㛫୺ᑟࡢ≉ᐃࡢ ETP ࡢάື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊḢᕞ R&I ᨻ⟇࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࡸࡑࡢἢ㠉ࠊᡓ␎ࠊ⤌⧊ᵓ㐀ࡢ≉ᚩࢆໟᣓⓗ࡟⧳ࡵࡓᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࡟ࡼࡿᚑ᮶ࡢࠕࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥᆺࠖࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋
ࢩࣙࣥᨻ⟇࡜୍⥺ࢆ⏬ࡍࠕ࣎ࢺ࣒࢔ࢵࣉᆺࠖࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥᨻ⟇ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿ࠺࠼࡛ࡢ୍ຓ࡜
࡞ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡛ࡣ ERTRAC ࡢάືࢆ⢭ᰝࡍࡿ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࠊඛࡎࡣ ETP ࡢ඲యീࢆᢕᥱࡋࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊERTRAC ࡢ఩⨨࡙ࡅࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡼ࠺ࠋ

2 ETP࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢERTRAC
2-1 ETPࡢᴫせ2013ᖺࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࠿ࡽࠗETP 2020࠘㸦European Commission, 2013a㸧ࡀබ⾲ࡉࢀࡓࠋ
ETP2020 ࡣࠊ2008 ᖺ࠿ࡽ2010 ᖺ࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡓETP ࡢホ౯ሗ࿌㸦IDEA Consult, 2008:
European Commission, 2009: European Commission, 2010㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀࡓᵝࠎ࡞່࿌ࢆྲྀࡾධࢀ࡚ࠊ2020ᖺ࡟ྥࡅࡓETP඲యࡢᇶᮏ᪉㔪ࡀࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡶࡑࡶETPࡣࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡀ㠀බᘧ࠿ࡘ⮬୺ⓗ࡟≉ᐃࡢᢏ⾡ศ㔝࣭⏘ᴗࢭࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ㛵ಀ⪅2ࢆ᮰
ࡡࡓEU࡟Ⅼᅾࡍࡿࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ࡟㐣ࡂ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡀࠊ2000ᖺ࡟Ḣᕞ⌮஦఍࡛᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓࣜ
ࢫ࣎ࣥᡓ␎ࡸERAࡢ๰タ3㸦Commission of the European Communities, 2000㸧ࢆዎᶵ࡟ࠊEU
ࡢR&Iᨻ⟇ࡢ୍⩼ࢆᢸ࠺⤌⧊࡜ࡋ࡚Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡢ┠࡟␃ࡲࡾࠊETP࡜࠸࠺࿧⛠ࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡼ
࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡑࢀ௨᮶ࠊETPࡢᏑᅾឤࡣᖺࢆ㏣࠺࡟ࡘࢀ࡚኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋFP7㛤ጞ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡣḢᕞጤဨ఍࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᪤࡟34ࡶࡢETPࡀㄆᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦European Commission, 2009㸧ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊETPࡢࣅࢪࣙࣥ࡟ᥖࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࠸ࡲࡸḢᕞࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢࠕ㘽࡜࡞ࡿせ⣲ࠖ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
2015 ᖺ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࠊETP 2020 ࡢࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿ ETP ࡣ 41 ࡟ࡲ࡛⭾ࡽࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋୗ⾲ࡣࠊ

2ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟ࡣࠊ௻ᴗࡸ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࠊ኱Ꮫࠊ㔠⼥ᶵ㛵ࠊᾘ㈝⪅ᅋయࠊつไᅋయࠊNGOࠊྛᅜᨻᗓࠊᆅ᪉⮬἞యࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࠋ
3
EU ࡛ࡣ 1990 ᖺ௦ᚋ༙࠿ࡽࠊEU ࡜ຍ┕ᅜ࡜ࡢ R&D 㔜」ᢞ㈨ࢆゎᾘࡋࠊࡼࡾຠᯝⓗ࡞ R&I ᨻ⟇ࢆ❧᱌ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㠀බᘧࡢ㛶൉఍㆟ࡀ㛤ദࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢᡂᯝࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࡟ࡼࡿ ERA ๰タࡢᥦ᱌㸦Commission of the European Communities, 2000㸧ࡀ 2000 ᖺ࡟Ḣᕞ⌮஦఍࡟࡚᥇ᢥࡉࢀࡓࠋ

3

41 ࡢ ETP ࢆศ㔝ู࡟௙ศࡅࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦⾲ 1㸧ࠋERTRAC ࡣࠊ㍺㏦㛵㐃 ETP ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡟఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

⾲ 1 41 ࡢ ETP ࠾ࡼࡧ㌴㍕⤌㎸ࡳࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠾ࡼࡧ㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛵㐃 TP
䝞䜲䜸㛵㐃

䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊

⎔ቃ

᝟ሗ㏻ಙ

⏕⏘ཬ䜃䝥䝻䝉䝇

㍺㏦

EATIP

Biofuels

WssTP

ARTEMIS

ECTP

ACARE

ETPGAHEU PV TP

㻌

ENIAC

ESTEP

ALICE

Food for Life

TPWind

㻌

EPoSS

EuMaT

ERRAC

Forest-based

RHC㻌euRobotics

FTC

ERTRAC

PlantsSmartGrids

㻌

ETP4HPC

SusChem

Waterborne

FABRE TP

SNETP

㻌

NEM

Nanomedicine

TP Organics

ZEP

㻌

NESSI

SMR

ERRAC㻌㻌

TP OCEAN

㻌

Networld 2020

Manufuture

㻌

㻌

㻌

㻌

Photonics 21

㻌

㻌

㻌

Cross-cutting ETP Initiatives
Nanofutures
Industrial Safety
PROSUMER.net
ฟᡤ㸧EuropeanCommissioon㸦2015ᖺ5᭶13᪥᫬Ⅼ㸧࡟ຍ➹ࠋ㸺http://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/index_en.cfm?pg=etp㸼

2-2 ETPࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠊάືࠊࣉࣟࢭࢫ
ETP 2020ࡣࠊᡓ␎ᶵ⬟ࠊືဨᶵ⬟ࠊᬑཬᶵ⬟࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ3ࡘࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ⮬ࡽ࡟ㄢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࢀࡣࠊH2020ࡢᐇ⾜࡟ᚲせ࡞ࠕᡓ␎ࢆ❧᱌ࠖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺࡜௚ࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢆྵ
ࡴࠕ㛵ಀ⪅ࢆືဨࠖࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᖜᗈࡃࠕ▱㆑ࢆᬑཬࠖࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛
࠶ࡿࠋ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ㐙⾜࡟ࡣࠊᵝࠎ࡞࢔ࢡࢱ࣮㸦⏘ࠊᐁࠊᏛࠊᆅࠊ༠ᐃ⥾⤖ᅜࠊNGOࠊᾘ㈝⪅ᅋయ࡞࡝㸧࡜ࡢࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ≉࡟ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡣ⮬ࡽࡀETP࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᐦ࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᐇົࢆྖࡿྛ⥲ᒁࡀETPࡢάື࡟άⓎ࡟ཧ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࢆᮃࢇ࡛࠸
ࡿࠋ

4



 ETP 2020ࡣࠊETPࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ㐙⾜ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ5ࡘࡢ᰾࡜࡞ࡿάືࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋձ ᡓ␎ⓗ◊✲ㄢ㢟㸦Strategic Research Agenda㸧ࢆ⟇ᐃࡍࡿ㸦ᢏ⾡࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ࡜ᐇ⾜ィ⏬ࢆྵࡴ㸧ղ Ḣᕞࣞ࣋ࣝࡢR&I࡬ࡢ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢཧ⏬ࢆዡບࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊຍ┕ᅜࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ཧ⏬⪅ࢆᗈࡆࠊࢣ࢖ࣃࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࡢᵓ⠏ࢆຓ㛗ࡍࡿճ ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞༠ㄪࡢᶵ఍ࢆぢฟࡋࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡞༠ㄪࡢಁ㐍࡟ᚲせ࡞ྲྀࡾỴࡵࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿմ ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡᵓ⠏ࡢᶵ఍ࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ㸦௚ࡢETP࡜ࡢ༠ㄪࢆྵࡴ㸧յ ETPࡢ㧗࠸ᑓ㛛ᛶࢆά⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉࡢᙧᡂࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿ௨ୖࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡜ 5 ࡘࡢ᰾࡜࡞ࡿάືࡣࠊḟࡢ 3 ࡘࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪࢆ⤒࡚ᐇ⾜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡃ
㸦Commission of the European Communities, 2005㸹European Commission, 2007㸧ࠋձ 㛵ಀ⪅ࢆᗈࡃ㞟ࡗ࡚ࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡀ୺ᑟࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫ࣭࣮࣋ࢫ࡛ࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆసᡂ࣭
ඹ᭷໬ࡍࡿ㸦㛵ಀ⪅࡜ࡢࢥࣥࢭࣥࢧࢫࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮࣭ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡸㅎ
ၥࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆタ⨨㸧ࠋղ 㛵ಀ⪅࡜ㄪᩚࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊSRA㸦ᡓ␎ⓗ◊✲ㄢ㢟㸧4ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢᒎ㛤ᡓ␎㸦ᢏ⾡࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉཬࡧIAP㸸Implementation Action Plan㸧ࢆ᫂♧ࡍࡿ㸦ຍ┕ᅜᨻᗓࡢ✚ᴟⓗ㛵୚ࢆྲྀࡾᣢࡘ࣑࣮ࣛࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢタ⨨㸧ࠋճ SRAࢆᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࠋ

2-3 PPP ࡢẸ㛫ࢧ࢖ࢻࡢࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ETP
Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡢR&Iᨻ⟇ࡢࠕ㘽࡜࡞ࡿせ⣲ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊETPࡀᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢไᗘⓗ࡞ᯟ⤌ࡳࡀ
PPP㸦Public-Private Partnership㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2005ᖺࡢ᪂ࣜࢫ࣎ࣥᡓ␎௨㝆ࠊࠕPPP࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᢏ⾡࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢳࣈࠖ࡜ࠕ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞◊✲ㄢ㢟⟇ᐃࡢࡓࡵࡢETPࡢ⤌⧊໬ࠖࡀEUࡢ⏘ᴗᇶ┙ࡢ➇தඃ఩࡟⤖ࡧࡘࡃ࡜ࡢඹ㏻ㄆ㆑ࡀḢᕞጤဨ఍࡟ࡦࢁࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦Commission of the European
Communities, 2005㸧ࠋ2007ᖺ㛤ጞࡢFP75࠿ࡽࠊETPࡣPPPࡢ⏘ᴗ⏺㸦Ẹ㸧ࢧ࢖ࢻࡢࣃ࣮ࢺ
ࢼ࣮࡟఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ
ETPࡣࠊPPPࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ᙧែ࡜ࡋ࡚ᑟධࡉࢀࡓඹྠᢏ⾡࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢳࣈJTI㸦Joint Technology
4Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡢබᘧᩥ᭩࡛ࡣ FP7 ࡲ࡛ࡣ SRA ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊH2020 ࡛ࡣ SRIA㸦Strategic Research andInnovation Agenda㸧࡟ኚ᭦ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
5 FP7 ࡢண⟬㓄ศ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ࡟ࡣࠊඃඛศ㔝ࡢඹྠ◊✲㛤Ⓨࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ຓᡂࡍࡿ CooperationࠊᏛ⾡ᇶ♏
◊✲࡟ᨭ᥼ࡍࡿ Ideaࠊ◊✲ேᮦࡢ⫱ᡂ࡟ຓᡂࡍࡿ Peopleࠊ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢖ࣥࣇࣛࢫࢺࣛࢡࢳ࣮ࣕ࡟ຓᡂࡍ
ࡿ CapacityࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍┤ᒓࡢ 7 ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡬ຓᡂࡍࡿ JRC ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋETP ࡣ Cooperation ࡢඹྠ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢆᢸ࠺⏘ᴗࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋ

5Initiative㸧ࡸዎ⣙ⓗPPP㸦Contractual Public-Private Partnership㸧ࢆ࡜ࡾࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚ᐇ⾜ࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᢸࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Commission of the European Communities, 2005㸧ࠋETPࡣࠊᚑ᮶ࡢFP࡟࠾ࡅࡿ༠ຊࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡾࠊࣇ࢓ࣥࢹ࢕ࣥࢢࡢᇶ♏࡜࡞ࡿ㛗ᮇⓗ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࢆ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢ฼ᐖ࡜ࢽ࣮ࢬࢆ཯ᫎࡉࡏ࡚సᡂࡍࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡣࠊCall for Proposalࡢᐇ᪋࡜ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ⟶⌮࡟ᚭࡍࡿࠋ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍୺ᑟࡢࢺࢵࣉ
ࢲ࢘ࣥᆺࡢ༠ຊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟௦ࢃࡗ࡚ࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢࢣ࢖ࣃࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࢆά࠿ࡋࡓ࣎ࢺ࣒࢔ࢵࣉᆺࡢ
R&Iࡀጞࡲࡗࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ
ࡉ࡚ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡀETP࡟ㄆᐃࡋࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ┤ࡕ࡟PPPࢆ㏻ࡌࡓR&Iࣇ࢓ࣥࢻࡀ☜⣙ࡉࢀࡿヂ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋḟࡢࡍ࡭࡚ࡢホ౯ᇶ‽࡟ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ࣮࢜ࣉࣥ࠿ࡘ㏱᫂࡞ᑂᰝࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋEUࣞ࣋ࣝࡢάື࡟ᑐࡍࡿ௜ຍ౯್

⏘ᴗ➇தຊࠊ㞠⏝๰ฟࠊᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ᡂ㛗ࠊ♫఍ⓗᣮᡓࢆྵࡴ♫఍⤒῭ⓗㄢ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ
㡪ຊࡢ⛬ᗘ



ඹ᭷ࡉࢀࡓࣅࢪࣙࣥ࡜᫂☜࡟ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡓㅖ┠ⓗ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ඲࡚ࡢࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࠿ࡽࡢ㛗ᮇⓗࢥ࣑ࢵࢺ࣓ࣥࢺ



R&I࡟ᢞࡌࡽࢀࡿࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࡢ㔞࡜㏣ຍⓗ࡞ᢞ㈨ࢆ࿧ࡧ㎸ࡴ⬟ຊࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ྛࠎࡢᙺ๭ࡢ᫂☜࡞ᐃ⩏࡜ࠊ㑅ᢥᮇ㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㘽࡜࡞ࡿᴗ⦼ᣦᶆ6࡬ࡢྠព ௨ୖࡢホ౯ᇶ‽ࢆࢡࣜ࢔ࡋ࡚ࠊࡍ࡛࡟ FP7 ࠿ࡽࣇ࢓ࣥࢻࢆ⋓ᚓࡋࠊH2020 ࡢࡶ࡜࡛ࡶ⥅⥆ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ PPP ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢ PPP ࡣࠊ㛤ጞ᫬ᮇ࡜⤌⧊ᙧែࡢ㐪࠸࠿ࡽ 2 ࡘ࡟ศࡅࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊ2008ᖺ࡟㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓJTI࡜⛠ࡉࢀࡿไᗘⓗPPP㸦Institutionalized Public-Private
Partnership㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸦Commission of the European Communities, 2004㸧ࠋḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡣࠊARTEMISࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊࢼࣀ࢚ࣞࢡࢺࣟࢽࢡࢫศ㔝ࡢENIAC㸦European Nanoelectronics
Initiative Advisory Council㸧ࠊ㠉᪂ⓗ་⸆㸦IMI㸧ࠊ⯟✵Ꮫ࡜⯟✵㍺㏦㸦Clean Sky㸧ࠊ⇞ᩱ㟁ụ࣭
Ỉ⣲㸦FCH㸧ࡢ5ࡘࡢETP7ࢆJTI࡟㑅ᐃࡋࡓࠋ」ᩘࡢETPࡀ༠ㄪࡍࡿዎ⣙ⓗPPP࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡾࠊ᪤ᏑࡢETPࡀ༢⊂࡛Ẹ㛫ഃࡢࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ5ࡘࡢJTIࡣࠊ2008ᖺ࠿ࡽ2017ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ10ᖺ㛫࡛⥲ண⟬100൨࣮ࣘࣟࢆ㉺࠼ࡿつᶍࡢR&I㈨㔠ࢆㄪ㐩ࡋ㐠Ⴀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࡞࠾ࠊH2020࠿ࡽࡣARTEMIS࡜ENIACࡢJTIࡀECSEL࡟⤫ྜࡉࢀࡓࠋࡃࢃ࠼࡚ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟
Bio-based industries ࡀJTI࡟ຍࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ1 㸧ࠋ6ලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊSME ࡢཧ⏬࡜࣋ࢿࣇ࢕ࢵࢺࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౑⏝๐ῶ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㈉⊩ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ᶆ‽࡬ࡢ㈉⊩ࠊ㧗࠸㉁ࡢປാຊ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢ࡞࡝ࡢᣦᶆ㸦José-Lorenzo Vallés, 2013㸧ࠋ7ᙜึ㑅ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ⎔ቃᏳ඲ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ┘ど㸦GMES㸧
ࡣḢᕞᏱᐂᶵ㛵 ESA ࠿ࡽࡢண⟬⋓ᚓ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

6



PPP ࡢࡶ࠺ࡦ࡜ࡘࡢᙧែࡣࠊ࣮࣐ࣜࣥࢩࣙࢵࢡࢆⓎ➃࡜ࡍࡿ㔠⼥࣭⤒῭༴ᶵ࠿ࡽࡢ⬺༷ࢆᅗࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊḢᕞ⤒῭෌⏕ィ⏬㸦European Economic Recovery Plan㸧ࡢࡶ࡜࡛㛤ጞࡉࢀࡓዎ⣙ⓗ PPP ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᙜึࡣ◊✲ PPP ࡜⛠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ㸧ࠋ

ᅗ1 ไᗘⓗPPP࡜ዎ⣙ⓗPPP

ฟᡤ㸧➹⪅సᡂࠋ

ዎ⣙ⓗ PPP ࡟ࡣࠊ࣐ࢽࣗࣇ࢓ࢡࢳࣕࣜࣥࢢࠊᘓタࠊ⮬ື㌴ࡢ 3 ᴗ⏺࠿ࡽࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ FoF
㸦Factories of the Future㸧ࠊEeB㸦Energy-efficient Buildings㸧
ࠊEGCI㸦European Green Car
Initiative, ᚋ࡟ EGVI ࡬ྡ⛠ኚ᭦㸧ࡀ㑅ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋࡃࢃ࠼࡚ࠊࣉࣟࢭࢫศ㔝ࡢ SPIRE㸦Sustainable Process Industry㸧ࡀࡑࡢᚋ࡟ຍࢃࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀ⊂⮬ࡢබເࣉࣟࢭࢫࡸホ౯ᡭἲࢆ᭷ࡍࡿJTI࡜ࡣ㐪ࡗ࡚ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡀඹ㏻ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿዎ⣙ⓗPPPࡣࠊࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮࡟ࡼࡾᙉ࠸ᨭᣢࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦European
Commission, 2013b㸧ࠋࡲࡓࠊERTRACࡀ௚ࡢETP㸦EPoSSࠊSmartGrids㸧࡜࡜ࡶ࡟EGVI
ࢆᵓᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺ࢧ࢖ࢻࡢዎ⣙୺యࡣ」ᩘࡢETP࡞࠸ࡋ⤌ྜ㸦association㸧ࡢࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
2013 ᖺ 12 ᭶࡟ࣈࣜࣗࢵࢭࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊPPP ࡢዎ⣙ㄪ༳ࡢࢭࣞࣔࢽ࣮ࡀ㛤ദࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛
ࡣࠊ4 ࡘࡢዎ⣙ⓗ PPP ࡢዎ⣙ࡀ᭦᪂ࡉࢀࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟ RoboticsࠊPhotonicsࠊETP4HPC
㸦ETP for High Performance Computing㸧ࠊ5G Infrastructure ࡢ 4 ࡘࡢ PPP ࡀຍࢃࡿࡇ࡜
࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ௨ୗ࡛ࡣࠊPPP ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ ETP ࡢලయീࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊEU ཬࡧຍ┕ᅜࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦ᨻ⟇❧᱌࣭ᐇ⾜ࡢせ࡜࡞ࡿ ERTRAC ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿࠋ

7

3 ERTRAC ࡢάື
3-1 ERTRAC ࡢ 10 ᖺ㛫ࡢṌࡳ
2003 ᖺ࡟タ❧ࡉࢀ࡚࠿ࡽ 10 ᖺవࡾࠊERTRAC ࡣࠊ࠸ࡲࡸ H2020 ࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦㛵㐃 R&I ᨻ⟇ࡢ❧᱌࡜ᐇ⾜࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ྖ௧ሪⓗ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᢸ࠺ࡲ࡛࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣඛࡎࠊERTRAC
ࡢタ❧௨᮶ࡢṌࡳࢆᴫほࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋ
ᅗ2ࡣERTRACࡀබ⾲ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓබᘧᩥ᭩ࡢࣜࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ2004ᖺ࡟ึࡵ࡚⮬ࡽࡢࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆ
බ࡟ࡋ࡚௨᮶ࠊERTRACࡣ15ᮏࡢᩥ᭩ࢆ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ2004ᖺ࠿ࡽ2008ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢᩥ᭩ࡣࠊERTRACࡢ㊊ሙᅛࡵࡢ᫬ᮇ࡟సᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋERTRACࡀ2004ᖺ࡟ึࡵ࡚సᡂࡋࡓᡓ
␎ⓗ◊✲࢔ࢪ࢙ࣥࢲ㸦Strategic Research Ageda㸸௨ୗSRA㸧࡜◊✲ࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ㸦2006ᖺ
ཬࡧ2008ᖺᨵゞ∧㸧ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊERTRACࡢ➨1ᮇࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ḟ࠸࡛ࠊᮍ᮶ࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟㛵ࡍࡿᑗ᮶ᒎᮃ࣭ࢩࢼࣜ࢜ศᯒࡢ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ8㸦ERTRAC, 2009ࠊ
ERTRAC et al, 2010㸧ࢆ⤒࡚ࠊERTRACࡣ2010ᖺ࠿ࡽ➨2ᮇࡢSRA࡜ศ㔝ู࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࢆ
❧࡚⥆ࡅ࡟බ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋERTRACࡢᡓ␎࡜ᐇ⾜ࣉࣛࣥࢆⴭࡋࡓࡇࢀࡽ୍㐃ࡢබ⾲ᩥ᭩ࡣࠊ➨୍⩏ⓗ࡟ࡣࠊH2020ࡢ㛤ጞ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࠕR&Iண⟬ࢆྲྀࡾ࡟࠸ࡃࠖࡓࡵ࡟ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࢆㄝᚓ
ࡍࡿ┠ⓗ࡛సᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅗ 2 ERTRAC ࡢ୺せබᘧᩥ᭩ࣜࢫࢺ

ฟᡤ㸧➹⪅సᡂࠋ

8୧ሗ࿌᭩ࡢ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࡣࠊEV ࡜ PHEV ࡢᕷሙࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᨻ⟇ⓗᢞ㈨ࢆಁࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࠶ࡿࠋ

8౛࠼ࡤࠊERTRAC ࡀ 2013 ᖺ࡟බ⾲ࡋࡓࠗ࣍ࣛ࢖ࢬࣥ 2020 ࡟ྥࡅࡓ」ᩘᖺᐇ⾜ィ⏬࠘㸦͆ERTRAC Multi-annual Implementation Plan for Horizon 2020͇
㸧ࡣࠊERTRAC ࡀ⮬ࡽࡢ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ࡜ࠊ
Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡀసᡂࡋࡓ
ࠗH2020 ᐇ᪋࡟ྥࡅࡓලయィ⏬ࡢᵓ⠏࠘㸦establishing
the specific Programme Implementing Horizon 2020㸧ࢆ↷ᛂࡉࡏ࡚ࠊH2020 ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿERTRAC ࡢάືࢆ⮬ࡽࡢ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ࠿ࡽᢤࡁฟࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ 3㸧ࠋ

ᅗ 3 ERTRACࠗ࣍ࣛ࢖ࢬࣥ 2020 ࡟ྥࡅࡓ」ᩘᖺᐇ᪋ィ⏬࠘ࡢཧ↷ࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢺ

ฟᡤ㸧➹⪅సᡂࠋ

➨ 2 ᮇ࡛≉➹ࡍ࡭ࡁⅬࡣࠊERTRAC ࡀࠊ௚ࡢ㍺㏦㛵㐃 ETP㸦㕲㐨࡞࡝㸧ࡸࠊᅵᆅ฼⏝㸦landuse㸧࣭㒔ᕷ㛤Ⓨ࡞࡝ࡢ㍺㏦࡟ᐦ᥋࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿ◊✲ศ㔝࡜ࡢ༠ാࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶
ࡿࠋERTRAC ࡣࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟㞄᥋ࡍࡿάືศ㔝ࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ά
ືᯟ⤌ࡳ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ R&I ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆᒎᮃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᅗ 2 ࡢࠕ௚ࡢ ETP ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࠖ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡓ 3 ࡘࡢᩥ᭩㸦࠸࡙ࢀࡶ 2013 ᖺබ⾲㸧࡟ⴭࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࢀ࡛ࡣḟ⠇௨㝆࡛ࠊERTRAC ࡢάືࢆ➨ 1 ᮇ࡜➨ 2 ᮇ࡟ศࡅ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ 10 ᖺࡢṌࡳࢆヲ⣽࡟ࢫࢣࢵࢳࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡼ࠺ࠋ

3-2 ERTRAC ࡢ➨ 1 ᮇࡢάື
3-2-1 ERTRACࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠊࣅࢪࣙࣥࠊSRA
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊERTRACࡢタ❧➨1ᮇࡢάືࢆࠊERTRACࡢබᘧᩥ᭩㸦ERTRAC, 2004 a, 2004 b,
2006, 2008㸧࡟౫ᣐࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࢺ࣮ࣞࢫࡍࡿࠋ

9

ERTRACࡣ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿࡍ࡭࡚ࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢆືဨࡋࠊ2003ᖺ6᭶25᪥࡟άືࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓ㸦ERTRAC, 2004a㸧9ࠋタ❧ᙜึ࠿ࡽ10ᖺ௨ୖኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸10ERTRACࡢ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ
ࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢ6Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡢᡓ␎ⓗࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋ

ᡓ␎ⓗࣅࢪࣙࣥ࡬ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊᡓ␎࡜࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࢆᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊSRA࡜ᐇ⾜࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡢᐃᘧ໬࡜Ⅼ᳨ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡿࠋ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟࠾ࡅࡿḢᕞࠊᅜᐙࠊᆅᇦ㛫ࡢබⓗ࣭⚾ⓗ◊✲㛤Ⓨάືࡢࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ
ᨵၿ࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࠋ

Ḣᕞࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨ⬟ຊࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࠾ࡼࡧࢡࣛࢫࢱࣜࣥࢢࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࠋḢᕞࡢ◊✲ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢥ࣑ࢵࢺ࣓ࣥࢺࢆዡບࡋࠊḢᕞࡀ◊✲⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㨩ຊⓗ࡞ᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆಖドࡋࠊ㍺㏦⏘ᴗࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தඃ఩ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ㐙⾜ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢERTRACࡢ➨1ᮇࡢάືࢆᅗ♧ࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ4㸧ࠋࡲࡎࠊ

ERTRACࡣ2004ᖺ࡟ࣅࢪࣙࣥ㸦ERTRAC, 2004a㸧ࢆᥖࡆ࡚ࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮㛫࡛ࡑࡢඹ᭷
໬࡟ດࡵࡓࠋḟ࠸࡛ࠊྠᖺ12᭶࡟SRA㸦ERTRAC, 2004b㸧ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋࡓࠋ⩣ᖺ࡟ࡣࠊࣈࣜࣗ

ࢵࢭ࡛ࣝERTRACࣉࣞࢫ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࢆ㛤ദࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊࣅࢪࣙࣥ࡜SRAࡢᬑཬ࡟ດࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢᚋࠊᙜヱࣅࢪࣙࣥ࡜SRA࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ2007ᖺ࠿ࡽ2015ᖺࡢᐇ⾜ࣉࣛࣥࡀグࡉࢀࡓࣜࢧ
࣮ࢳ࣭ࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ㸦ERTRAC, 2006㸧ࢆⓎ⾲ࠊ2008ᖺ࡟ࡣࡑࡢᨵゞ∧ࢆసᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᅗ4 ERTRACࡢ➨1ᮇࡢάືฟᡤ㸧➹⪅సᡂ
9

ERTRAC ࡢබᘧᩥ᭩ࡢ୰࡟ࡣࠊ2002 ᖺ࡟άືࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡶ࠶ࡿ㸦ERTRAC, 2006: 4., ERTRAC, 2008:5㸧ࠋ10ಟṇࡉࢀࡓᩥゝࡀ 3 ⟠ᡤ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ኱ពࡀኚࢃࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ

10 ERTRACࡢࣅࢪࣙࣥࡣࠊ⤫ྜࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠊᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨࠊ༠ㄪⓗR&D࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋ⤫ྜࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸸ᑗ᮶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡣ⤒῭ⓗᣢ⥆ྍ⬟ᛶ࡜♫఍ⓗᅋ⤖࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᮏ
㉁ⓗ࡞せ⣲࡛࠶ࡾ⥆ࡅࡿࠋ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡣࠊ௚ࡢ㍺㏦ᵝᘧ࡜ࡢࢩ࣮࣒ࣞࢫ࠿ࡘฟ᮶ࡿ㝈ࡾࣂࣛࣥࢫࡢྲྀࢀࡓ⤫ྜࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㒊ศ࡜ࡳ࡞ࡉ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨ㸸➇தⓗ࡞⤒῭࡟࠾ࡅࡿᡂ㛗࡜⏕άࡢ㉁ࡢ⥔ᣢࠊ⎔ቃࠊ㈨※ࠊࡑࡋ࡚✵㛫ࡢྜ⌮ⓗ࡞฼⏝ࡣࠊᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨࡢཎ๎࡟ᚑࢃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ㐨㊰ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࠊ⎔ቃ࡟ࡸࡉࡋ࠸㌴㍗ཬࡧ஌ᐈ㸭㈌≀㍺㏦ࡢタィ࣭ಖᏲ࣭㐠⏝࡟࠾ࡅࡿྲྀࡾ
⤌ࡳࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ◊✲ࡣ㐨㊰㍺㏦⏘ᴗ࡜ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢ➇தຊ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋEUᣑ኱࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿ⤒῭άືࡢᣑᙇࡣࠊ☜ᐇ࡛ᰂ㌾࡞ࢯ࣮ࣜࣗࢩࣙࣥ࡜ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ᑐᛂࢆᚲ
せ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ◊✲ࡣ♫఍ࡢࢺࣞࣥࢻ࡜ேࠎࡢㄆ㆑ࡸ㑅ዲࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ༠ㄪⓗR&D㸸㘽࡜࡞ࡿᣮᡓࡣࠊ༠ㄪⓗR&Dࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞⏘ᴗ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ
ࡢ⋓ᚓ࡜⥔ᣢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋḢᕞࡢ⏘ᴗࡣࠊ᭱㧗ࡢࢫ࢟ࣝࢆᘬࡁ௜ࡅࠊࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢ࡜Ⰻ࠸⫋ᴗⓗᶵ఍ࢆᥦ౪࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ◊✲࡜ᩍ⫱ࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࢺ࣮ࣞࢽ
ࣥࢢࡢࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽ3ࡘࡢࣅࢪࣙࣥࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊERTRACࡣ4ࡘࡢάືࢸ࣮࣐ ̿ࣄࢺࡢ⛣ື࣭ࣔࣀࡢ
㍺㏦ࠊᏳᚰ࣭Ᏻ඲ࠊ⎔ቃ࣭࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭㈨※ࠊ➇தⓗタィ࣭⏕⏘ࢩࢫࢸ࣒̿ ࢆᥖࡆࡓ㸦ᅗ5㸧11ࠋ

 ᅗ5 ERTRACࡢ4ࡘࡢ୺せ࡞άືࢸ࣮࣐

ฟᡤ㸧ERTRAC㸦2004 a: 12㸧
11

ERTRAC㸦2008㸧࡛ࡣࠊḟࡢ 4 ࡘࡢ෌⦅ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㒔ᕷࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭㈨※࣭Ẽೃኚືࠊ㛗㊥㞳㈌≀㍺㏦ࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡢᏳ඲

11



ERTRACࡣࠊ⮬ࡽࡀᥖࡆࡓࣅࢪࣙࣥ࡜4ࡘࡢάືࢸ࣮࣐࡟ἢࡗ࡚ࠊSRAࢆ⟇ᐃࡋࡓࠋSRA⟇ᐃᡭ㡰ࡢᴫ␎ࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ձ Vision 2020㸦ERTRAC, 2004a㸧 ࡟ࢸ࣮࣐ࡈ࡜࡟ླྀ㏙ࡉࢀࡓ͆Major Aspect of thisvision͇࡟ἢࡗ࡚┠ᶆࢆ᫂♧ղ ࠕ㐩ᡂࡢᅔ㞴ᛶࠖ࡜ࠕ♫఍࡟ᑐࡍࡿ฼┈ࠖࡢᣦᶆ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁඃඛ஦㡯ࢆ຺᱌ࠊ┠ᶆ㐩ᡂ࡟ᚲせ࡞୺せ◊✲࢚ࣜ࢔タᐃճ ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ◊✲࢚ࣜ࢔࡟ᚲせ࡞◊✲㢮ᆺ㸦ᇶ♏◊✲࣭ᛂ⏝◊✲࣭ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ㸧ࢆࢱ࢖࣒ࣛ
࢖ࣥ࡟࣐ࢵࣆࣥࢢ
௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠊ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ㸭ࣅࢪࣙࣥࡢ⟇ᐃࠊ◊✲࢚ࣜ࢔ࡢᥦ♧࡜᫬㛫㍈ࡢタᐃࡣࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡢྜពᙧᡂࡢࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊᙜ᫬ࡣࠕ࣮ࣟ
ࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀබᘧᩥ᭩ࡢ୰࡟ぢᙜࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡢᴫᛕࡀᮏ᱁ⓗ࡟ᣢࡕ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࡢࡣࠊH2020 ࡢࢱ࢖࣒ࣛ࢖ࣥ㸦2014㹼2020 ᖺ㸧࡟ ERTRAC ࡢάືࡢྠᮇ໬ࢆせࡍࡿ➨
2 ᮇࡢάື࠿ࡽ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ㻌

3-2-2 ERTRACࡢ⤌⧊࡜࣓ࣥࣂ࣮
ᅗ6࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊERTRACࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡣࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢭࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ௦⾲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂ
ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦⮬ື㌴ࢧࣉࣛ࢖ࣖࠊ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮࣭ᾘ㈝⪅ࠊ◊✲ࣉࣟࣂ࢖ࢲ࣮ࠊ㐨㊰࢖ࣥࣇࣛࠊITSࠊ
EUཬࡧຍ┕ᅜᶵ㛵ࠊ㒔ᕷ࣭ᆅᇦࠊࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࣭ࣉࣟࣂ࢖ࢲ࣮ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭㈨※ࢧࣉࣛ࢖ࣖࠊ
㌴㍗࣓࣮࢝㸧ࠋ㐨㊰㐠㍺ᨻ⟇㸭ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀ୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡋࠕࢩࢫࢸ࣒
ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸦systems approach㸧ࠖ12ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ඹྠ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠺ึࡵ࡚ࡢ⤌⧊ⓗྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

12

ERTRAC ࡢබᘧᩥ᭩ࡢ୰࡛ࠕࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠖࡢᐃ⩏ࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟ࡶฟ࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ
ࠕ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟

❧⬮ࡋࡓㄢ㢟㸦ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚Ꮫ㝿ⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࡢゎỴ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢆ⤖㞟ࡋࠊඹ࡟ゎỴ⟇ࢆぢฟࡋᐇ⾜࡟⛣ࡍྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠖ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋH2020 ࡟࠾࠸࡚Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡣࠊ㒊㛛࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᳇ࡳศࡅ
ࡽࢀࡓᪧែ౫↛࡜ࡋࡓᨻ⟇ࡢቨࢆ㉺࠼࡚ࠊ♫఍ⓗᣮᡓ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟␗࡞ࡿศ㔝ࡢࣜࢯ࣮ࢫ࡜▱㆑ࢆᣢࡕᐤ
ࡾࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࣍ࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡢ㔜せᛶࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦European Commission,
2011:7, 19-20㸧ࠋࠕࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠖࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ≉ᚩࢆᣢࡗࡓ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡜㢮ఝࡍࡿᴫᛕ࡜ᤊ࠼࡚
ࡼ࠸࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ࣏࢖ࣥࢺࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ≉ᛶࢆᣢࡗࡓ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡀࠕḢᕞጤဨ఍ࠖࡢ୺ᑟࡢୗ࡛ྛ ETP ࡢ SRA
ࡢ࠶ࡾᵝࢆつᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

12



ᅗ6 ERTRACࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮

ฟᡤ㸧ERTRAC㸦2004a㸧p. 6

ERTRAC ࡢ఍㆟㸦Plenary㸧ࡣࠊ௦⾲࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚඲࡚ࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀཧຍࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࠋࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡢࡶ࡜࡟ࠊࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛࡢ࣐ࢿ
ࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆྖࡿࢧ࣏࣮ࢺ࣭ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㸦SG㸧࡜࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢ࣭ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㸦WG㸧ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
13ࠋ
ᚋ࡟ぢࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
WG ࡢࡶ࡜࡟ ERTRAC ࡢ 4 ࡘࡢάືศ㔝ࢆᢸᙜࡍࡿ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ
㸦WS㸧ࡀ㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ 7㸧ࠋᅗ7 ERTRACࡢ⤌⧊ᅗฟᡤ㸧ERTRAC㸦2004 b㸧ࢆࡶ࡜࡟సᡂࠋ
13 ERTRAC タ❧ᙜึࡢࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥࡣࠊEUCAR㸭ࣇ࢛࣮ࢻࡢ R. Kunzeࠋ๪ࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥࡣ CLEPA㸭ࢩ࣮࣓ࣥࢫࡢ J. L. MateࠊEARPA㸭AVL List ࡢ H. LISTࠊࢧࢨࣥࣉࢺࣥ኱Ꮫࡢ M. McDonald ࡢ 3 ྡ࡟ࡼࡾᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋERTRAC ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮⤌ྜ㸦association㸧㸭௻ᴗࡣࠊACEAࠊFIA㸭AITࠊEARPA㸭AVL ListࠊEUCAR
㸭ࣇ࢕࢔ࢵࢺࠊCLEPAࠊECTRIࠊERFࠊERTICOࠊETSCࠊEUROPIAࠊFEHRLࠊEUCAR㸭ࣇ࢛࣮ࢻࠊPOLISࠊEUCAR㸭ࣝࣀ࣮ࠊCLEPA㸭࣎ࢵࢩࣗࠊCONCAWE㸭ࢩ࢙ࣝࠊCLEPA㸦ࢩ࣮࣓ࣥࢫ㸧
ࠊVodafone R&D㸦⊂㸧ࠊ
EUCAR㸭࣎ࣝ࣎ࠋ௻ᴗ༢⊂࡛ࡢཧຍࡣ Vodafone R&D ࡢࡳ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ௨እࡢ௻ᴗࡣ⏘ᴗ⤌ྜࡢ௦⾲࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡜
ࡋ࡚ࡢཧ⏬࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊERTRAC ➨ 1 ᮇࡢ⏘ᴗ⏺࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡣࠊ13 ⤌ྜࣉࣛࢫ 1 ♫ࡢᵓᡂ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ┠❧ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࡣࠊEUCAR ࠿ࡽ 4 ♫ࠊCLEPA ࠿ࡽ 3 ♫ࡀཧ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ࡯࠿ࠊ4 ࡘࡢᏛ⾡ᶵ㛵ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࠿ࡽ 5 㒊ᒁ 7 ྡࠊຍ┕ᅜᨻᗓ࠿ࡽ 24 ྡࡢྜィ 47 ᶵ㛵㸦54 ྡ㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

13



3-3 ERTRAC ࡢ➨ 2 ᮇࡢάື3-3-1 ᪂ࡋ࠸ SRA ࡢ⟇ᐃ2010ᖺࠊERTRACࡣ஦ᐇୖࠊ➨2ᮇࡢάື࡟ධࡗࡓࠋ
ࠗ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢼࣜ࢜㸦ERTRAC, 2009㸧࠘࠘࡟ࡼࡿᑗ᮶ࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟㛵ࡍࡿཬࡧࠗ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡢ㟁໬࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ㸦ERTRAC. et al, 2010㸧ࢩࢼࣜ࢜ศᯒࢆ⤒࡚ࠊERTRACࡣ᪂ࡋ࠸SRA㸦ERTRAC, 2010a㸧࡜࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ㸦ERTRAC,
2011㸧ࢆ᏶ᡂࡉࡏࡓࠋࡑࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ2004ᖺ࡟⟇ᐃࡋࡓERTRAC㸦2004b㸧ࢆ᭦᪂ࡋ࡚ࠊH2020
࡜ྠᮇ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪂ࡋ࠸SRA࡟ࡣࠕ2030ᖺࡲ࡛࡟Ḣᕞࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢຠ⋡ᛶࢆ௒᪥(2010ᖺẚ)ࡼࡾࡶ
50㸣㧗ࡵࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺㔝ᚰⓗ࡞኱┠ᶆࡀᥖࡆࡽࢀࡓࠋ᪂ࡋ࠸SRAࡢ≉ᚩࡣ2ࡘ࠶ࡿࠋࡦ࡜ࡘࡣࠊ
ࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮ࡢどⅬࠖࡢ㔜ど࡛࠶ࡿࠋSRA࡛ࡣࠊࠕ⬺Ⅳ⣲ࠊಙ㢗࡛ࡁࡿ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠊᏳ඲࡞㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖ࡜࠸࠺3ࡘࡢ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬ14ࢆ
ᇶⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᫂ᛌ࡞ᣦᶆ࡜ලయⓗ࡞ᩘ್┠ᶆࡀ❧࡚ࡽࢀࡓ㸦⾲2㸧ࠋ

⾲2 2030ᖺ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ᣦ㔪࡜࡞ࡿ┠ᶆ

⬺Ⅳ⣲

ಙ㢗ᛶ

Ᏻ඲ᛶ

ᣦᶆ

ᣦ㔪࡜࡞ࡿ┠ᶆ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡㸸

2010ᖺẚ㒔ᕷ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ஌ᐈࡢ㍺㏦

㸩80㸣㸦pkm/kWh㸧࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡㸸

2010ᖺẚ㛗㊥㞳㈌≀㍺㏦+40㸣㸦tkm/kWh㸧඲࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౪⤥࡟༨ࡵࡿ෌⏕ྍࣂ࢖࢜⇞ᩱ㸸25㸣⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮

㟁Ẽ㸸5㸣

㍺㏦ࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࡢಙ㢗ᛶ

2010ᖺẚ +50㸣㒔ᕷ࡬ࡢ㏻࠸᫆ࡉ

⥔ᣢ࡞࠸ࡋሙᡤ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᨵၿ

Ṛஸ࣭㔜⑕2010ᖺẚ 㸫60㸣┐㞴࡟ࡼࡿ㈌≀ࡢ୙᫂ࠊᦆᐖ

2010ᖺẚ 㸫70㸣-ฟᡤ㸧ERTRAC (2010a㸧p.5, Table 1., ERTRAC (2010b) p. 4, Table 1 ࡼࡾࠋ

14

ERTRAC㸦2004b㸧࡛ࡣ♫఍ⓗせㄳ㸦Societal Demand㸧࡜♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬࡀΰᅾࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊෆᐜ
࡟኱ࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡀࡳ࠸ࡔࡏ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊᮏሗ࿌᭩࡛ࡣ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟⤫୍ࡍࡿࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊྠࡌෆᐜࢆࡉࡋ࡚ࠊ3 ࡘࡢ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬࢆࠕ3 ࡘࡢࢢࣛࣥࢻ࣭ࢯࢧ࢖࢚ࢱ࣭ࣝࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࠖ࡜ゝ࠸᥮࠼࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

14



౛࠼ࡤࠊERTRACࡣࠕ⬺Ⅳ⣲ࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠕ㒔ᕷࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡ࠖࠊࠕ㛗㊥㞳㈌≀㍺㏦ࡢ࢚ࢿ
ࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡ࠖ
ࠊࠕ඲࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౪⤥࡟༨ࡵࡿ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠖࡢẚ⋡ࢆᣦᶆ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊ⬺Ⅳ⣲㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣⅣ⣲୰❧㸸CO2 neutral㸧♫఍࡟ྥࡅࡓᩘ್┠ᶆࢆ❧࡚࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᩘ್┠ᶆࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
ࠕࡼࡾຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ࣃ࣮࣡ࢺࣞ࢖ࣥࡢ⥅⥆ⓗ㛤Ⓨࠖ࡜ࠕ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౪⤥※ࡢ
⬺Ⅳ⣲໬ࠖࢆ୪⾜ࡋ࡚㐍ࡵࡿᡓ␎ࢆ❧᱌ࡋࡓࠋ
ᅗ8ࡣ㛗ᮇⓗࢫࣃ࡛ࣥぢࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౪⤥※ࡢኚ໬ࡢぢ㏻ࡋࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦Schmerbeck, 2013㸧
ࠋERTRAC࡛ࡣࠊ୺せ⇞ᩱࡀ㟁Ẽ࡟ኚࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ୰࡛ࠊ㛗㊥㞳㈌≀㐠㏦
ࡣFCEV㸦⇞ᩱ㟁ụEV㸧ࠊ㏆㊥㞳㍺㏦ࡣBEV㸦ࣂࢵࢸ࣮ࣜᘧEV㸧࡞࠸ࡋࣉࣛࢢ࢖ࣥ࡞࡝ࠊ⏝㏵࡟ࡼࡿ౑࠸ศࡅࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ᅗ8 ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౪⤥※ࡢኚ໬ฟᡤ㸧Schmerbeck㸦2013㸧

᪂ࡋ࠸SRAࡢ≉ᚩࡢ2ࡘ┠ࡣࠊࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊࠖࡢ㔜ど࡛࠶ࡿࠋERTRACࡣ㐨㊰㍺㏦
ࡢ୰࡛ࡶࠊ≉࡟⮬ື㌴⏘ᴗࡢ➇தຊࢆ☜ᐇ࡞ࡶࡢ࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ⥭ᛴࡢ♫఍ⓗせㄳ࡜ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞᪉ἲ࡛ࠊᅜෆእࡢᾘ㈝⪅ࡢせồࢆ‶ࡓࡍ㌴㍗ࢆࠊ࡚ࡈࢁ࡞౯᱁࡛⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ERTRAC, 2010a: 2010b㸧
ࠋࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊ࡜㛵㐃ࡋ࡚ࠊ⏕⏘ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟せㄳࡉࢀࡿኚ໬ࢆィࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊERTRACࡣ௨ୗࡢᣦᶆࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᣦᶆࡣࠊSRAࡢࢺࣆࢵࢡࡢඃඛ஦㡯ࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ㝿࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿ15ࠋ

15

ERTRAC㸦2010a㸧ࡢᕳᮎ୍ぴཧ↷ࡢࡇ࡜ࠋ

15





ᡤ᭷⥲ࢥࢫࢺ㸦TCO㸸Total Cost of Ownership㸧฼Ꮚ࣭ㄢ⛯๓཰┈㸦EBIT㸸Earnings Before Interest and Taxes㸧ࢧࣉࣛ࢖ࢳ࢙࣮ࣥࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㈇Ⲵ

ே㛫㛤Ⓨᣦᩘ16㸦HDI㸸Human Development Index㸧

3-3-2 SRA ࡜ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ
┠ᶆࡢ㐩ᡂ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊERTRACࡣSRAࡢ୰࡟ࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮ࡢどⅬࠖ࡜ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊࠖ࡜ࢆ⧊ࡾ㎸ࢇࡔࠕࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸦systems approach㸧ࠖࢆᥦ㉳ࡋࡓࠋ ࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮ࡢどⅬࠖࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣࠊ㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ3ࡘࡢ㘽࡜࡞ࡿせ⣲ ̿㒔ᕷࡢࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࠊ㛗㊥㞳㈌≀㍺㏦ࠊ㍺㏦࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣇ࢙࢖ࢫ̿ ࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡿࠋ㘽࡜࡞ࡿせ⣲ࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ㍺㏦࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣇ࢙࢖ࢫࡣࠊࠕ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜௚ࡢ㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛫ࠖࠊࠕ㒔ᕷࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕࡜㛗㊥㞳㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛫ࠖࡢࢩ࣮࣒ࣞࢫ࡞㐃⤖࡜ࠊேཱྀࡢ80㸣௨ୖࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦㟂せࢆ‶ࡓࡍ⤫ྜࡉࢀࡓࢥ࢔㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟
࠾ࡅࡿ3ࡘࡢせ⣲ࡣࠊḢᕞࡢ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚᭱ࡶᡓ␎ⓗ࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ERTRAC, 2009㸧ࠋ3ࡘࡢ㘽࡜࡞ࡿせ⣲࡟4ࡘࡢR&Iࢻ࣓࢖ࣥ ̿㌴㍗ࠊ࢖ࣥࣇࣛࢫࢺࣛࢡࢳ࣮ࣕࠊࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ㸦≀ὶ㸭ࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕㸧ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸭㈨※̿ ࢆ㔜ࡡྜࢃࡏࡓࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆᥥ෗ࡋࡓࡶ
ࡢࡀୗᅗ࡟࡞ࡿࠋྠ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆ⤒ࡓྛ✀ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢᡂᯝࡀࠊ3ࡘࡢ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬࡢ඘㊊࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿᵓᅗ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ9㸧ࠋᅗ9 ࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮どⅬࠖࡢSRA

ฟᡤ㸧ERTRAC (2010a) p.5 , Figure 2.
16ᙜヱᅜࡢேࠎࡢ⏕άࡢ㉁ࡸⓎᒎᗘྜ࠸ࢆ 3 ࡘࡢᣦᩘ㸦ᖹᆒవ࿨ᣦᩘࠊᩍ⫱ᣦᩘࠊGDP ᣦᩘ 㸧ᖹᆒ್࡛⾲ࡍ
ࡶࡢࠋ

16



ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊࠖࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣࠊ⮬ື㌴⏘ᴗࡢ⏕⏘ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢຠ⋡໬࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡿࠋBRICsࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸࣐࣮ࢣࢵࢺࡢᣑ኱ࡸࠊICE࠿ࡽࢡ࣮ࣜࣥࣔࣅࣜ
ࢸ࢕࡬ࡢ㟂せࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ࡟㐺ᛂࡋ࡚ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊࠖࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢ⏕⏘ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆࡉࡽ࡟ຠ⋡໬ࡋࠊ㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞཰┈ᣑ኱ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ⤫ྜⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⤫ྜⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡜ࡣࠊ⤒῭ⓗࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊ♫఍ⓗࠊ⎔ቃⓗࣇ࢓ࢡࢱ࣮ࡢ㔜せᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊᅗ10࡟♧ࡉࢀࡓ3ࡘࡢ࢝ࢸࢦ࣮ࣜ㸦⤒῭ⓗᡂຌࠊ⎔ቃ࡟ᑐࡍࡿព㆑ࠊ♫఍ⓗ㈐௵㸧࡜ࡑࡢ㔜࡞ࡾ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲ࢻ࣓࢖ࣥࡢㄢ㢟ࡢゎỴࢆక࠺ࠋ

ᅗ10 ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞⏕⏘ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࠾ࡅࡿ♫఍ⓗࠊ⎔ቃⓗࠊ⤒῭ⓗせᅉࡢ㔜せᛶฟᡤ㸧ERTRAC (2010a) p.9, Figure 6.

SRA⟇ᐃ࡟ྥࡅࡓ᭱ᚋࡢసᴗࡣࠊ◊✲ࢺࣆࢵࢡࡢ㞟⣙࡜ඃඛࢺࣆࢵࢡࡢ㑅ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋERTRACࡣࠊࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒ෆእࡢᑓ㛛ᐙࡢຓゝ࡟౫ᣐࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ2ࡘࡢどⅬ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚
SRAࡢ◊✲ࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆ㞟⣙ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮どⅬࠖࡢSRA࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ3ࡘࡢ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡓࡵࡢ◊✲ࢺࣆࢵࢡࡀࠊ◊✲ࢻ࣓࢖ࣥࡈ࡜࡟ศ㢮ࡉࢀࡓࠋ௚᪉ࠊࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊࠖࡢSRA࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ3ࡘࡢ◊✲ࢻ࣓࢖ࣥࢆ⏕⏘ࣉࣟࢭࢫࠊ≀ὶࣉࣟࢭࢫࠊ஦ᴗࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡟ศ๭ࡋࠊࡑࡢ࡞࠿࡟㞟⣙ࡉࢀࡓ◊✲ࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆศ㢮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡗࡓ㸦⾲3㸧ࠋᑓ㛛ᐙ࠿ࡽࡢຓゝ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ࢖ࣥࣉࢵࢺࡣࠊ࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾ᫂☜࡟グ㏙ࡉࢀࠗᢏ⾡࣏࣮ࣞࢺ࠘㸦ERTRAC, 2010b㸧ࡢ୰࡟཰ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠗᢏ⾡࣏࣮ࣞࢺ࠘ࢆᣐࡾ࡝ࡇࢁ࡟ࠊ
෌ᗘࠊෆእࡢᑓ㛛ᐙࡢຓゝࢆᚓࡓୖ࡛ࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟◊✲ࢺࣆࢵࢡࡢඃඛ஦㡯ࡀ㑅ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ

17

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⾲3 ERTRACࡢSRAࡢศ㢮ฟᡤ㸧ERTRAC㸦2010a㸧pp. 16-23. ࢆ⦰⣙ࡋ࡚సᡂࠋ

௨ୖࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ⤒࡚⟇ᐃࡉࢀࡓERTRACࡢ◊✲ࢺࣆࢵࢡࡣࠊERTRAC㸦2010a㸧ᕳᮎ࡟୍ぴ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍ぴࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊ౛࠼ࡤ⾲2ࡢ㉥ᯟヱᙜ㒊ศࢆཧ↷ࡍࢀࡤࠊ
ERTRACࡣࠕ㌴㍗ࡢᏳ඲ᛶࠖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ௨ୗࡢ10ࡢ◊✲ࢺࣆࢵࢡࢆ㑅ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ
ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ17ࠋ࣭ పⅣ⣲㌴㍢ࡢᏳ඲ᛶ࣭ ࢱ࢖ࣖ࡜㐨㊰ࡢ⾲㠃ࡢ┦஫స⏝㸭ᦶ᧿࡜ຊࡢホ౯࣭ 㐠ືᏛ࡜ࣂ࢖࢜ࢣ࣑࢝ࣝࣔࢹࣝ
࣭ ஺㏻ᙅ⪅ࡢᏳ඲ᛶ࣭ 㐠㌿⪅ࡢ⾜ື࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ࣭ ࢔ࢡࢩࢹࣥࢺࣟࢪ̿㸦Accidentology㸧࣭ V2V㸭V2Iࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜༠ㄪࢩࢫࢸ࣒࣭ ඛ➃㐠㌿⪅⿵ຓ㸭ᨭ᥼ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࣭ ┐㞴࡜ᦆᐖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢭ࣮ࣇ࣮࢞ࢻࢩࢫࢸ࣒࣭ ࣮࢜ࢺࣃ࢖ࣟࢵࢺ࣭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒
17ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊྛࢺࣆࢵࢡ࡟ࡣᑓ㛛ᐙࡢぢゎ࣭ゎㄝࡶྜࢃࡏ࡚᭩ࡁ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

18

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3-3-3 9ࡘࡢᢏ⾡࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ᪂ࡋ࠸SRA࡟⥆࠸࡚ࠊERTRACࡣ௨ୗࡢ9ࡘࡢᢏ⾡࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࢆබ⾲ࡋࡓ㸦ERTRAC,
2011㸧
ࠋERTRACࡢ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡣࠊEurope2020ࡢ᪝Ⰴ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢳࣈࡸH2020ࡢR&Iᨻ⟇࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ERTRAC, 2011㸧ࠋྠ᫬࡟ࠊḢᕞࡢ⮬ື㌴ᨻ⟇㸦European Commission, DG
MOVE, 2011)ࡸࠊ௚ࡢ㍺㏦㛵㐃ETP࡜ࡢඹྠ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࠊዎ⣙ⓗPPPࡢEGVIࡢ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵ
ࣉ➼࡜㌶ࢆ୍࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ㍺㏦㒊㛛࡟࠾ࡅࡿR&Iࡢලయⓗ࡞ᐇ⾜ࣉࣛࣥࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㍍⮬ື㌴㸦light-duty vehicle㸧⏝ࣃ࣮࣡ࢺࣞ࢖ࣥᢏ⾡࡜⇞ᩱ㸦ICEࡢᨵၿࠊ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊ௦࢚᭰ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㸧

㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡢࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ໬㸦஌⏝㌴ࠊࣂࢫࠊࢺࣛࢵࢡ㸧Ḣᕞࡢࡓࡵࡢᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㈌≀㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦㍺㏦࣮ࣔࢻ㛫ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣇ࢙࢖ࢫࠊ㈈ࡢࣇ
࣮ࣟ࡜≀ὶࠊ㒔ᕷࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢳ࢙ࣥࢪࠊ㌴㍗ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺ➼㸧⤫ྜࡉࢀࡓ㒔ᕷࡢࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ྥࡅ࡚㸦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓᡂせ⣲ࠊ≉࡟᝟ሗࠊᨭᡶ
࠸ࠊ౯᱁タᐃࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࠊ㒔ᕷ㈌≀㍺㏦ࠊ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢳ࢙ࣥࢪࡢ⤫ྜ㸧㐨㊰฼⏝⪅ࡢ⾜ື࡜ᮇᚅ㸦㐨㊰㍺㏦⎔ቃࡢᨵၿ㸧ᑗ᮶࡟ྥࡅࡓḢᕞࡢࣂࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸦᪂ࡋ࠸ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺࡢࣂࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸧Ẽೃኚື࡟ᙎຊⓗ࡞㍺㏦㸦ᮦᩱࠊࢥ࣏࣮ࣥࢿࣥࢺࠊ㐨㊰ᵓ㐀ࠊ㐨㊰࣮࢜࣌ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ࣐
ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺᡓ␎࣭࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫཎ⌮㸧Ᏻ඲࡞㐨㊰㍺㏦㸦༠ㄪண㜵࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣅࢸ࢕ࠊࣃࢵࢩࣈࢭ࢖ࣇࢸ࢕ࠊ࣏ࢫࢺࢡࣛࢵࢩࣗࢭ
࢖ࣇࢸ࢕ࠊ㌴㍗ࠊ࢖ࣥࣇࣛࢫࢺࣛࢡࢳ࣮ࣕ㸧ḢᕞࡢEV⏝ᢏ⾡࡜⏕⏘ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺ

9ࡘࡢᢏ⾡࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡢ࠺ࡕࠊୖࡢ8ࡘࡣࠕ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮どⅬࠖࡢSRAࡢᐇ⾜ࣉࣛࣥ࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋ
ࡑࢀࡽࡣࠊ3ࡘࡢ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬ㸦㘽࡜࡞ࡿせ⣲㸧࡜4ࡘࡢ◊✲ࢻ࣓࢖ࣥࡢ᫂☜࡞ࢥࣥࣅࢿ࣮ࢩࣙ
ࣥ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᭱ᚋࡢࠕḢᕞࡢEV⏝ᢏ⾡࡜⏕⏘ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺࠖࡣࠊ
ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊࠖ
ࡢSRAࡢᐇ⾜ࣉࣛࣥ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋ 9ࡘࡢᢏ⾡࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡣࠊ࡯ࡰྠᵝࡢ┠ḟᵓᡂ࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕᏳ඲࡞㐨㊰㍺㏦
㸦Safety Road Transport㸧ࠖࢆ౛♧ࡋ࡚࠾࠸ࡓ㸦ᅗ11㸧
ࠋ

19

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ᅗ11 ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ㸦Safety Road Transport㸧ฟᡤ㸧➹⪅సᡂࠋ

ᅗ11ࡢࠕ8. ࢥࣥࢺࣜࣅ࣮ࣗࢩࣙࣥࠖ࡟ࡣࠊྛ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡢసᡂ࡟ᐤ୚ࡋࡓ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢẶྡ࡜ᡤᒓ⏘ᴗ⤌ྜ㸭௻ᴗࡢ୍ぴࡀᥦ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋERTRACࡢ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢ≉ᚩࢆ⣣ゎࡃୖ࡛㈗㔜࡞᝟ሗ※࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ඲࡚ࡢ᝟ሗࡀ୍ᚊ࡟බ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ≉ᐃࡢᢏ⾡ศ㔝 ̿ࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻᢏ⾡࡟㛵ࢃࡿ2ࡘࡢ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉ㸦ࠕḢᕞࡢEV⏝ᢏ⾡࡜⏕⏘ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺࠖࠊࠕ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡢࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ໬ࠖ㸧㸫 ࡟ࡣࠊᐤ୚⪅ࡢ୍ぴࡀᥖ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋពᅗⓗ࡟అࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ྰ࠿▱ࡿ⏤ࡶ࡞࠸ࡀࠊEV໬࡜୪ࢇ࡛ࠊ㌴㍗ࡢࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ໬ࡣERTRACࡢSRAࡸEGVIࡢ᭱㔜せㄢ㢟࡟఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡔࡅ࡟ࠊබ⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᝟ሗ※ࡔࡅ࡟㢗ࡽࡎࠊ௒ᚋࡢ୧࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢࡢືྥࢆὀどࡋ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

3-3-4 ➨2ᮇࡢ⤌⧊
ERTRACࡢ➨1ᮇࡢάື࡜ྠࡌࡃࠊPlenaryࡣࠊࡑࡢ௦⾲࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚඲࡚ࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ
࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀཧຍࡍࡿࡇࡢ࡛ࡁࡿࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡛ࣛ࠶ࡿࠋᖺ࡟3ᅇࡢ఍ྜࡀࡶࡓࢀࡿࠋERTRACࡢᡓ␎ⓗ᪉㔪ࢆᐃࡵࠊ☜ᐇ࡟඲࡚ࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿ
ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡢࡀPlenaryࡢᙺ๭࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢚ࢢࢮࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊᢏ⾡ࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡢ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞ពᛮỴᐃ࡜ࠊPlenary ࡜㐠Ⴀࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ఍ྜࡢ㛫࡟❧ࡗ࡚ࠊᢏ⾡ࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࡀᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢỴᐃࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᵓᡂࡣࠊࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥ࡜ 6 ྡࡢ๪ࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥࡣ EGVI ࡢࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥࢆවົࡍࡿ VW ΅እ㒊ᮍ᮶ᢏ⾡࣐ࢿ࣮ࢪ࣮ࣕࡢ Wolfgang
Steiger Ặࠋᑓ㛛ࡣࣃ࣮࣡ࢺࣞ࢖ࣥࡢタィ࣭㛤Ⓨࠋ1997 ᖺ࡟ VW ࡟㌿⫋ࡍࡿ๓ࡣࠊࣟࣂ࣮ࢺ࣎
ࢵࢩࣗཬࡧ࢜࣌ࣝ Battelle ◊✲ᡤ࡟ᅾ⡠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ

20

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๪ࢳ࢙࢔࣐ࣥࡣ௨ୗࡢ 6 ྡࠋJean-Luc di Paola-Galloni Ặ㸸Valeo㸦⮬ື㌴ࢧࣉࣛ࢖ࣖࡢ௦⾲࡜ࡋ࡚㸧

Zissis Samaras ᩍᤵ㸸ࢠࣜࢩࣕ Aristotle ኱Ꮫ ERTRAC WG ࡢᏛ⾡࣓ࣥࣂ࣮



Neville Jackson Ặ㸸Ricardo



Pierre Schmitz Ặ㸸ࢩࣅ࣭࢚ࣝࣥࢪࢽ࢔㸦㒔ᕷ࡜ᆅᇦ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢ௦⾲࡜ࡋ࡚㸧

Andres Dorda ༤ኈ㸸࣮࢜ࢫࢺࣜ࢔㍺㏦࣭࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥᢏ⾡┬㸦ຍ┕ᅜ௦⾲࡜ࡋ࡚㸧Govert Sweere ༤ኈ㸸࢜ࣛࣥࢲࡢ࢖ࣥࣇࣛ㸭⎔ቃ┬ࡢ㸦ຍ┕ᅜࡢ௦⾲࡜ࡋ࡚㸧

ᅗ12 ERTRACࡢ➨2ᮇࡢ⤌⧊ᅗฟᡤ㸧➹⪅సᡂࠋ

㐠Ⴀࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊPlenary ࡢᣦᑟ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ ERTRAC ෆࡢ࣮࣡ࢡࣇ࣮ࣟ㸦ᩥ᭩ࡢ‽ഛࠊ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢィ⏬࡞࡝㸧ࡢ࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ࡟㈐௵ࢆ㈇࠺ࠋ
2015 ᖺ ⌧ᅾࠊERTRAC ࡛ࡣ 6 ࡘࡢ WG ࡀάືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ࠕEnabling Technologyࠖࡣ࢔ࢻ࣍ࢵࢡ࣮࣋ࢫࡢ࢚ࢡࢫࣃ࣮ࢺ࣭ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ㸧ࠋ๓⠇࡛ぢࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ➨ 1 ᮇࡢ ERTRAC ࡣࠊ2004ᖺࡢࣅࢪࣙࣥ SRA ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡓ 4 ࡘࡢάືࢸ࣮࣐㸦ࣄࢺࡢ⛣ື࣭ࣔࣀࡢ㍺㏦ࠊᏳᚰ࣭Ᏻ඲ࠊ⎔ቃ࣭࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭㈨※ࠊ➇தⓗタィ࣭⏕⏘ࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸧࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁ WG ࡀ⤌⧊ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ
άືࢸ࣮࣐ࡣ㒔ᕷࣔࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭㈨※࣭Ẽೃኚືࠊ㛗㊥㞳㈌≀㍺㏦ࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࡢᏳ
඲࡟෌⦅ࡉࢀ㸦ERTRAC, 2008㸧ࠊ➨ 2 ᮇ࡛ࡣ෌⦅ࡢ⤖ᯝࡀ WG ᵓᡂ࡟཯ᫎࡉࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ
᪂ࡓ࡟ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ➇தຊ WGࠖࡀຍࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋඛ࡟ぢࡓࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞➇தຊࠖࡢ SAR࡟ᑐᛂࡋࡓ WG ࡢ㏣ຍ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

21

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3-3-5 ➨ 2 ᮇࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ERTRAC ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ື㌴ᴗ⏺࠿ࡽᘓタᴗ⏺ࡲ࡛ࠊ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿከ✀ከᵝ࡞⏘ᴗ⤌ྜ࣭ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀ 19 ᶵ㛵㸦EUCAR㸸6 ♫ࠊEARPA㸸6 ♫ࠊCLEPA㸸3 ♫㸧ྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⮬ື㌴㛵㐃ࡢ EUCAR ࡢෆヂࡣࣇ࢕࢔ࢵࢺࠊMANࠊRicardࠊࢫ࢝ࢽ࢔ࠊVWࠊ࣎ࣝ࣎ࠊCLEPA ࡢෆヂࡣࢥࣥࢳࢿࣥࢱࣝࠊ࣎ࢵࢩࣗࠊࣂ࡛ࣞ࢜࠶ࡿࠋࡃࢃ࠼࡚ࠊ4 ࡘࡢᏛ⾡ᶵ㛵ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࠿ࡽ 6 㒊ᒁࠊຍ┕ᅜᨻᗓ࠿ࡽ 19 ࡢྜィ 48 ᶵ㛵㸦㸩࢜ࣈࢨ࣮ࣂ࣮8 ᶵ㛵㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
➨ 1 ᮇࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ᵓᡂ㸦47 ᶵ㛵㸧࡟ẚࡋ࡚ࠊᶵ㛵ᩘ࡟࡯࡜ࢇ࡝㐪࠸ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᏛ⾡ᶵ㛵ࡢධ᭰࠼㸦2 ᶵ㛵㸧ࠊຍ┕ᅜ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢῶᑡ㸦⬺㏥ 8ࠊ᪂つຍ┕ 3㸧ࠊ⏘ᴗ⤌ྜ࣭ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣡
࣮ࢡࡢቑຍ㸦㸩5㸧ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ18ࠋ௨ୖࡢ⤌⧊యไ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊERTRAC ࡣḢᕞࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦㛵㐃 R&I ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟῝ࡃ㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ࡜ࡣゝ࠺ࡶࡢࡢࠊH2020 ࡢಶูࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ ERTRAC ⮬ࡽࡀ┤᥋࡟㛵୚ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋᐇ㉁ⓗ࡟ࡣࠊERTRAC ࡟ຍ┕ࡍࡿ WG ࡟㈉⊩ࡋࡓࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍
ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢᐇ᪋୺య࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
ࡓࡔࡋࠊERTRAC ࡣࠕࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ࡢ௦⾲࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒࡛ࠖࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࢲ
㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬࢖࣒࣮ࣛࡢࡼ࠺࡟ EUCAR ࡢ௦⾲࡜ࡋ࡚ ERTRAC ࡟ࠕ┤᥋ࠖཧຍࡋ࡚࠸࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊEUCAR
㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬 㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬ࡢചୗ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ㛫᥋ⓗࠖ࡟ ERTRAC ࡀ࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟ཧ⏬
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ௻ᴗࡶከࡃ࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ 13 ᴃ෇ෆࡢྛ௻ᴗ⤌ྜࡸࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ചୗࡢಶู௻ᴗ㸧ࠋᅗ 13 ERTRAC ࡢᵓᡂဨ࡜ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᐇ᪋୺య ฟᡤ㸧➹⪅సᡂࠋ
18 ᪂つ࡟ຍ┕ࡋࡓ⏘ᴗ⤌ྜ࣭ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡜ࡑࡢ URL ࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠋ᪂つຍ┕ࡢ⏘ᴗ⤌ྜ㸭ᆅᇦࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ
ACEM - http://www.acem.eu  ASECAP - http://www.asecap.com  EAPA - http://www.eapa.org
ECTRI - http://www.ectri.org  ERF - http://www.erf.be  EUPAVE - http://www.eupave.eu
FIA - http://www.fiabrussels.com  IRU - http://www.iru.org

22



㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬 㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬㸬
ࡇࡇ࡛ࠕERTRAC ࡀ࠿࠿ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠖ࡜ഐⅬࢆ௜ࡋࡓࡢࡣ H2020 ࡢ R&I ㈨㔠ࡀᣐฟࡉࢀࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢཧຍ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮㸦㈨㔠ࡢཷࡅྲྀࡾᡭ㸧࡟ࡣ ETP ࡛࠶ࡿ ERTRAC ࡢྡ๓ࡀฟ࡚ࡇ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ࡝ࡢ௻ᴗࡀ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘ ERTRAC ࡢάື࡟౫ᣐࡋ࡚Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡢ R&I ㈨㔠
ࢆ⋓ᚓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡢࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸࡜࠸࠺஦᝟࡟ࡼࡿࠋ
౛࠼ࡤࠊFP7 ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ ㍺㏦⥲ᒁࡢ R&I ㈨㔠࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㐨㊰ࡢᏳ඲ᛶࡢ◊✲࡟㛵ࢃࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ PROS㸦Priorities for Road Safety Research in Europe, Project reference:
314427㸧ࡀᐇ᪋ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦2012.09.01㹼2014.08.31㸧ࠋFKA㸦⊂㸧ࡢᖿ஦ࡢࡶ࡜ࠊLoughborough኱ᏛࠊTNOࠊAutomotive Development ABࠊFord-Werke GMBHࠊChalmers Tekniska
Hoegskola ABࠊReseau Pour la Securite Integree Associationࠊ࣎ࢵࢩࣗࠊࣇ࢕࢔ࢵࢺࠊࢲ࢖
࣒࣮ࣛࠊERTICOࠊERF ࡢ 10 ᶵ㛵ࡀཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋPROS ࡣࠊERTRAC ࡢࠕ㐨㊰㍺㏦Ᏻ඲࣭
Ᏻᚰ WGࠖ
ࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢆເࡾࠊ㈨㔠⋓ᚓ࡟࠸ࡓࡗࡓࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡑࡢ஦ᐇࡣࠊERTRAC ࡢ WG ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣄ࢔ࣜࣥࢢࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡣࡌࡵ࡚ᢕᥱ࡛ࡁ
ࡿࠋ㏫࡟ PROS ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺഃ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘ ERTRAC ࡀ㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ㎺ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊබ㛤ᩥ᭩ࡢࡳ࡛ࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢ R&I ㈨㔠⋓ᚓ࡟ྥࡅࡓ ERTRAC
ࡢ㈉⊩ᗘࡢᐃ㔞ⓗᢕᥱࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢⅬࡀ ERTRAC ࡢάືࢆศᯒࡍࡿ㝿ࡢᝎࡲࡋ࠸࡜ࡇ
ࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

4 ᑠ⤖
ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊබ⾲ᩥ᭩ࢆ㢗ࡾ࡟ ERTRAC ࡢάືࢆࢺ࣮ࣞࢫࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋERTRAC ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ ETP ࡜ࡋ࡚බᘧ࡟ㄆᐃࡉࢀࡓ ETP ࡢάືࡢ࠶ࡽࡲࡋࡣࠊබ࡟ࡉࢀࡓ᝟ሗࡀ
ẚ㍑ⓗᥞࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡺ࠼࡟ࠊᮏ✏ࡢ࡜࠾ࡾࠊERTRAC ࡢືྥࢆ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘᥗࡴࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࠋERTRAC ࡣఱ⪅࠿ࠋ➃ⓗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊERTRAC ࡜ࡣࠕḢᕞࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ௜ຍ౯
್ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟㛵ࢃࡿࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢆ⤖㞟ࡋ࡚ࠊ⏘ᐁᏛᆅඹྠ࡛ R&I ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵࡢࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋḢᕞ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࢆ཯ᫎࡉࡏࡿࡓ
ࡵ࡟ࠊࣅࢪࣙࣥࠊSRAࠊࡑࡋ࡚㛗ᮇⓗ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࢆ௙ୖࡆࠊH2020 ࡢ R&I ᨻ⟇࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࣉ
ࢵࢺࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿ19ࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢖ࣥࣉࢵࢺ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᥦ㉳ࡉࢀࡿḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢྛ✀ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢබເ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ࢆ⤌ࢇ࡛ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆᐇ⾜ࡍࡿ௻ᴗࡸ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞ࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡟ࡶ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

19໚ㄽࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢࠕࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠖ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚ SRA ࢆ⟇ᐃࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺᮲௳ࡀ௜
࠸࡚ࡃࡿࠋ

23



ERTRAC ࡀࠊḢᕞࣞ࣋ࣝཬࡧຍ┕ᅜࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦㛵㐃 R&I ࢆ≌ᘬࡍࡿ୺ᙺ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
࡟␲ၥࢆᕪࡋᣳࡴవᆅࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊᚑ᮶ࡢḢᕞጤဨ఍୺ᑟࡢࢺࢵࣉࢲ࢘ࣥᆺࡢᐁẸࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ࡜ࡣ㐪ࡗ࡚ࠊ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ࣎ࢺ࣒࢔ࢵࣉᆺࡢⰍᙬࡀ⃰࠸ࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ࡜ホࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶฟ᮶ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊࡔ࠿ࡽ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ᐁẸࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮ࢩࢵࣉ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
Ḣᕞጤဨ఍ࡢᙺ๭ࡀపୗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋERTRAC ࡢ SRA ࡸ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡣࠊE2020ࡢ᪝Ⰴ࢖ࢽࢩ࢔ࢳࣈ࡜ H2020 ࡢ R&I ᨻ⟇࡟ᚑ࠺ࠋࡑࢀࡤ࠿ࡾ࠿ࠊERTRAC ࡢ SRA ࡸ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡀ᥎ዡࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ♫఍ⓗࢽ࣮ࢬ࡟❧⬮ࡋࡓㄢ㢟㸦ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚Ꮫ㝿ⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟ࡀ᝿ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࡢゎỴ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢆ⤖㞟ࡋࠊඹ࡟ゎỴ⟇ࢆぢฟࡋᐇ⾜࡟⛣ࡍࠕࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠖࢆྲྀࡾධࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࢀࡣࠊ
㒊㛛࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᳇ࡳศࡅࡽࢀࡓᪧែ౫↛࡜ࡋࡓᨻ⟇ࡢቨࢆ㉺࠼࡚㸦㸻cross-cutting
approach㸧ࠊ♫఍ⓗᣮᡓ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟␗࡞ࡿศ㔝ࡢࣜࢯ࣮ࢫ࡜▱㆑ࢆᣢࡕᐤࡾ㸦㸻
Challenge-based approach㸧ࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࣍ࣜࢫࢸ࢕ࢵࢡ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸦holistic approach㸧ࢆ᥇⏝ࡍࡿḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢ᪉㔪࡟௚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊERTRAC ࡜ࡣࠊࠕḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬ࣭࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡟๎ࡗ࡚ࠊḢᕞࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ௜ຍ౯್ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࢆ⤖㞟ࡋ࡚ࠊ⏘ᐁᏛᆅඹྠ࡛ R&I ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡓࡵࡢࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢពྥ࡟ἢ࠺ᡓ␎࡜࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࢆ‽ഛࡋ࡚ண⟬ࢆྲྀࡾ࡟࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀࠊERTRAC ࡢ⌧ᐇⓗ࡞┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋERTRACࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢR&I㈨㔠ࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࠕ࠾⮃❧࡚ࠖࡢሙࢆ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮௻ᴗ⤌ྜ㸦ࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒㸧ചୗࡢ௻ᴗࡸ◊✲ᶵ㛵࡟ᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ࠾⮃࡟㍕ࡗ࡚ฟ࡚ࡃࡿḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡢᩱ⌮ࡣࠊซࡑERTRACࡢࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀ஦๓࡟ḧࡋ࡚࠸ࡓᩱ⌮㸦ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࢆỴࡵ࡚࠸ࡓR&Iࢸ࣮࣐㸧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊERTRACࡢWG࡟㈉⊩ࡋࡓࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝ
ࢲ࣮ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࠊ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮௻ᴗ⤌ྜചୗࡢ௻ᴗ࡜ࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ࢆ⤖ᡂࡋ࡚ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺබເ࡟
⮫ࡴࡢࡣࠊࡈࡃ⮬↛࡞ᡂࡾ⾜ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㏫࡟ࠊබເᚋ࡟┠ⓗࢆඹ࡟ࡍࡿ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࢆぢฟࡋጞࡵࡿࡢ࡛ࡣࠊࠕ᫬ࡍ࡛࡟㐜ࡋ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊḢᕞࡢ㐨㊰㍺㏦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᢏ⾡ືྥࡸḢᕞጤဨ఍࠿ࡽࡢR&I㈨㔠㓄ศືྥࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᶆ‽࣭つไࡢᾘᜥᢕᥱࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊḢᕞጤဨ఍ࡸERTRACࡢάືࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡢࡳ࡛ࡣ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㔜せ࡞ࡢࡣERTRACࡢ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࠊERTRACࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒

24

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ࡢ㛫ࡢຊ㛵ಀࡸࣅ࣊࢖ࣅ࢔ࢆㄞࡳゎࡃࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀ௨ୖ࡟㔜せ࡞ࡢࡀࠊྛࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒
ചୗࡢಶู௻ᴗࡢᡓ␎ࡢ⌮ゎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋḢᕞࡢ㍺㏦㛵㐃ࡢR&Iᨻ⟇ࡢ඲యീࡣࠊETP࡛࠶ࡿERTRACࢆࣀ࣮ࢻ࡜ࡋ࡚㔜ᒙⓗ࡟ᵓᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢫࢸ࢖ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡢືྥࢆศᯒࡋ⥲ྜࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊึࡵ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀᚓࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ
᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥᨻ⟇࡜㛵ࢃࡗ࡚ࠊ௒ᚋࡢ◊✲ࡢ᪉ྥᛶࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋᮏ
✏࡛ࡳ࡚ࡁࡓࡼ࠺࡟ ETP ࡣࠊ࡝࠺࠸ࡗࡓ௻ᴗ⩌ࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸⏘ᴗ࢚ࢥࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ
᪂ࡋ࠸♫఍⤒῭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᬑཬ࡟ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᶆ‽つ᱁ࡀᚲせ࡛࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞つไ⦆࿴㸦ࡶࡋࡃࡣ᪂ࡋ࠸つไ㸧ࡀᚲせ࠿ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡇࡢ♫఍⤒῭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍᆅᇦ㸦ᑐ㇟ᕷሙ㸧ࡣ࡝࠺࠸ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ᫂☜࡟ᥦ♧ࡋࠊᢏ⾡ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃἲᚊ࣭ᶆ‽つ᱁ࡸ⏘ᴗ㐃ᦠࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢⅬ࡛ᡃࡀᅜࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥᨻ⟇࡜㝿❧ࡗࡓ㐪࠸ࢆぢࡏࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ
㸦ᚨ⏣࣭❧ᮏ࣭ᑠᕝ㸸2011㸧ࠋ⩻ࡗ࡚᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣࠊḢ⡿ࡢ PPP ࢆ࣋ࣥࢳ࣐࣮ࢡ࡟ᤣ࠼ࠊ➨஧ḟᏳಸᨻᶒୗ࡟࠾࠸࡚ෆ㛶ᗓ୺ᑟ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏘ᐁᏛ㐃ᦠ࡟ࡼࡿ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ㸦SIP ᡓ␎ⓗ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ๰㐀ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸧ࢆ᥎㐍ࡋࡣࡌࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᯝࡓࡋ࡚ SIP ᡓ␎ⓗ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ๰㐀ࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࡣࠊḢ⡿ࡢ PPPࢆᡭᮏ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࠸࠿࡞ࡿタィᛮ᝿ࡸࢫ࣮࣒࢟ࢆ྾཰ࡋ࡚᪥ᮏ⊂⮬ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡬࡜௙❧࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣ࠸࠿࡞ࡿᡂᯝࢆୖࡆࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆᢪ࠼ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ
ࡢ࠿ࠊᅜᐙ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥᨻ⟇ࡢᅜ㝿ẚ㍑ࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ┦ᑐⓗ࡟ศᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
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ERTRAC-ERRAC-Waterborne-ACARE-ECTP Task Force㸦2013㸧Roadmap for

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ᑠᕝ㐍࣭❧ᮏ༤ᩥ㸦2011㸧ࠕḢᕞ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⏘Ꮫᐁ㐃ᦠࡢᡂ❧⤒⦋࡜⌧≧ࠖᚨ⏣᫛㞝࣭❧ᮏ༤ᩥ࣭ᑠᕝ㐍 ⦅ⴭ࣮ࠗ࢜ࣉ࣭ࣥ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠘᫭ග᭩ᡣ㸦➨୍❶ᡤ཰㸧

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