* Translated by the Secretariat

Introduction of IATSS Research Projects in Asia

IATSS Regular Member Atsushi FUKUDA

Workshop

GIFTS2019

Introduction
The first IATSS research project to target Asia was a study on the roles and limitations ofmotorcycles as a means of urban transportation in developing countries, which began in2002.
This research actively positioned motorcycles, which tend to be viewed in Asia asproblematic due to their rapid increase in number, as an effective means of urban
transportation, and examined the current state of motorcycle usage, etc.
Following this, multiple projects were implemented within IATSS to determine whether or
not it would be possible to apply the results and knowledge obtained in Japan to theincreasingly intensifying traffic problems in Asia, particularly in terms of traffic safety.
By making the best use of IATSS’s interdisciplinary nature, these projects wereimplemented not only from an engineering perspective but from every angle, including
education, culture, economics, psychology, etc.
The following is a review of the history of research projects that have so far been
conducted targeting Asia.

Previous Research Projects: Urban Development, Traffic

Systems and Two-wheeled Vehicles

Research relating to new town traffic planningtechnology in Japan: From the perspective oftransferring technology to new town
development in East Asia （Project Leader
Measures to proliferate ecologicalKishii）
traffic systems among developing
・Shanghai, Bangkok and Tokyocountries（Project Leader Fumihiko ・Technology transferNakamura）
to new town development
2010
・Bangkok and Colombo
・Examination of BRT introduction

2006

Creation of road map to realize
low-carbon traffic systems in
Asian cities（Project LeaderFukuda）
・Shanghai, Bangkok and Tokyo
・Technology transfer to new town
development

H2297

H2649 H2755

H745 H854
2002

2017
1703 1803
2018

H491 H501 H637
Study on the roles and limitations ofmotorcycles as a means of urban
transportation in developingcountries（Project Leader Fukuda）
・Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia H743A H852A
・Positioning of motorcycles as urban
transportation

2014

Study on ITS introduction inAsia and research on guidelinecreation（Project LeaderKamijo）
・Manilla, Bangkok, etc.
・Asian MaaS

[InternationalCooperation]

1841 1941
Research on evaluation andestimation methods relating totraffic safety training（ProjectLeader Sekine）
・Thailand and Japan・Traffic safety training relating tomotorcycles

Proposals for sustainable traffic-related
urban development in the ASEAN region
that leverages two-wheeling vehicle culture
and focuses on safety （Project Leader Doi）
・Thailand and Cambodia
・Motorcycles + MaaSPrevious Research Projects: Traffic Safety and ‘NearMiss Accident’ Maps
International comparisons relating torecognition and development of traffic
safety culture（Project LeaderSano）
・Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and thePhilippines
・Traffic safety culture

H942 H157 H268
A series of research projects
relating to ‘near-missaccident’ map creation（Project Leader Suzuki）

H054 H162
H272 H387

2010

2008
H079

2005
H749 H857 H964
Support for traffic safetymeasures in Thailand（Project Leader Fukuda）
・Thailand・Application of ‘near-missaccident’ map creation

A series of research projects relating
to citizen participation-type traffic
safety measures (Project LeaderTakada）
・Kamagaya model

2009
H189

Development of system of traffic
safety measures in Penang（Project Leader Takada）
・Malaysia
・Development of Kamagaya model

H2296“Traffic War” related initiatives ~ Japanese experienceand knowledge that could contribute to developing
countries ~ （Project Leader Fukuda）
・Traffic safety measures in Japan・Implications for developing countries
Implementation support
for information sharingtype traffic safetymeasure scheme in South
East Asia（Project LeaderAkabane）
・Malaysia and Thailand
Integration with・Development ofThai teamKamagaya model・Cooperation with JICA
and the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transportand Tourism
2016

1602
Implementation support for information
sharing-type traffic safety measure scheme inMalaysia（Project Leader Akabane）
・Penang, Malaysia
・Development of Kamagaya model

1702 1802 1920
[Social Contribution]
Social implementation ofinformation sharing-typetraffic safety measurescheme in model regions inSouth East Asia （ProjectLeader Fukuda）

Previous Research Projects: Traffic Safety and Street Design
Construction of cross-sector cooperative model
to realize a safe traffic society in Cambodia ~Formation of “normative consciousness” andpromotion of appropriate “driving behaviors”（Project Leader Kitamura） (*1704, project
name differs in other years)
・Phnom Penh, Cambodia
・Cooperation with JICA project

2012

2015

1504 1604 1704 1821

[InternationalCooperation]

H2429 H2540 H2652
Research project relating to community designfor the purpose of traffic safety in India（Project Leader Doi）
・Agra, India
・Creation of street design guidelines
・Cooperation with IITD[Social Contribution]
Implementation of traffic safety
training through a cross-sector
cooperative model in Cambodia（Project Leader Kitamura）

2017[InternationalCooperation]

1740 1840 1940

Advice relating to community-based planning and designin groups of small-scale India cities and social
implementation initiatives ~ with an eye toward
contributing to sustainable development goals (SDGs) ~（Project Leader Fukuda）
・Patiala, Bulandshahr and Nainital, India
・Cooperation with IITD・SDGs

Characteristics of IATSS Research Projects Targeting Asia

Strive to deeply understand the culture and situation of Asian countries.

Based on the outcomes of many IATSS research projects conducted in Japan.

Gain a new perspective and implications for Japan.

Many projects have been conducted based on the community approach.

Case01

1920; Social implementation of information sharing-type traffic
safety measure schema in model regions in South East Asia

1602A

Implementation support for information sharing-type traffic safety measure scheme inMalaysia (Project Leader Akabane)
1702B 1802C

Implementation support for information sharing-type traffic safety measure scheme in South
East Asia (Project Leader Akabane)[Social contribution-type project] 1920

Social implementation of information sharing-type traffic safety measure schema in model
regions in South East Asia (Project Leader Fukuda)

1702, 1802; Implementation support for information sharing-type traffic safetymeasure scheme in model regions in South East Asia
Examination of development in Asian countries based on knowledge from multiple IATSS research projects conducted in Japan
Series of research projects relating to ‘near-miss accident’map creation （Project Leader Suzuki）

Series of research projects relating to citizen participationtype traffic safety measures (Project Leader Takada）

Created a manual booklet and video in 1998. These havespread throughout the country thanks to police departments
introducing them as special features during the nationaltraffic safety campaign implemented in autumn of the sameyear.

A traffic safety measure support system was developed, andtraffic accidents were greatly reduced through traffic safetymeasure proposals based on scientific and objective analysesof accidents based on accident and near-miss accident data.
NN562 23

Series of research projects relating to citizen participationtype traffic safety measures (Project Leader Takada）
Understanding
the occurrence oftraffic accidents

Traffic Accident DB

Citizen/User

Ex-postevaluation

Information
discloser

Needs
Information
provision

Administration

Implementationof measures

SupportSystem

Data
Information
Collection Collection

Expertknowledge

Identificationof accident
factors

Collection of Hiyari-Hatto
Information by GIS

ExpertMeasureplanning

Kamagaya Model
Prof. Akabane,Prof. Kobayakawa

1702, 1802; Implementation support of information sharing-type traffic safetymeasure scheme in model regions in South East Asia
Examination of the possibility of developing the Kamagaya model in Penang (Malaysia), Suphan Buri and Khon Kaen (Thailand)
自動車
オートバイ
自転車
歩行者

DOH管轄
DRR管轄

Uターン

幹線道路合流T字交差点

4枝以上交差点

幹線道路
合計

Understanding
the occurrence oftraffic accidents

乗用車対乗用車

32乗用車対
サンプル数
オートバイ

6km

2

Identificationof accidentfactors
••

オートバイ
対
オートバイ

ヒヤリ地点情報…236件
行動パターン…67件

12

2

2

４

1

２

乗用車対
歩行者
合計

６３

４Ex-post
evaluation

Implementationof measures

９Measureplanning

２

6６６

３１

1702, 1802; Implementation support of information sharing-type traffic safetymeasure scheme in model regions in South East Asia

Hiyari Map in Suphanburi

174 Samples

21 samples (Most samples)

CarMotorcycle
Pedestrian

1km1702, 1802; Implementation support of information sharing-type traffic safetymeasure scheme in model regions in South East Asia
Understand the factors and mechanisms that cause dangerous driving behaviors and ‘nearmiss accident’ locations.
For example, instead of simply bring up motorcycles driving against the flow of traffic as aproblem, the project clarified the causes of these driving behaviors by assessing daily traffic
behaviors.
大型店
舗

逆走100m2km

自宅

1702, 1802; Implementation support of information sharing-type traffic safetymeasure scheme in model regions in South East Asia

ヒヤリ体験発生件数[件]Collection of ‘near-miss accident’ data
15141312111098765432
10

No. of Hiyari Experien
ces
Average: 1.1
65% percentile value: 1.0No

ヒヤリ体験発生件数
平均：1.1件
85%ﾀｲﾙ値：1.0件

Total: 13, with detail data: 4

Total number Hiyari experiences at intersections: 46,2
29
Intersections with data on near miss experiences: 302

151

101

Examination of measures and selection oflocations for implementation of measures

151

201

251

6,131301

ヒヤリ体験発生交差点: Intersection with the most near missess: Intersections with frequent near misse

Analysis of ‘near-miss accident’ data from 2017
→ In cooperative with Penang City andPrefecture→ Selection of two locations forimplementation of measures

Hiyari experience data
LegendFirst party
Second Partycar
motorcycle
bicyclewalkParking car

Main contents of Hiyari experience
1 SPEEDING
2 The driver ride the bike very fast and clumsy!
3 Main road should have more than two lanes.
NO VISIBILITY OF OTHERS TRANSPORT IF
4
THEY COME FROM FRONT DIRECTION

Characteristics of Social Contribution Projects 1920
Targeting Malaysia and Thailand
Aim of development in South East Asia (Malaysia and Thailand) based on results obtained
through the IATSS project “Series of Research Projects relating to Citizen Participationtype Traffic Safety Measures” (on-going)
Aim of localization and lateral expansion through development of traffic safetymeasure tools targeting model areas and creation of guidelines (on-going)

Capable of leading to major social contribution in the future through cooperation with
the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism and JICA

Capable of constructing a network of personnel aimed at internationalizing IATSS

Case02

Advice relating to community-based planning and design in groups of smallscale India cities and social implementation initiatives ~ with an eye toward
contributing to sustainable development goals (SDGs) ~H2429 H2540 H2652

Research project relating to community design for the purpose of traffic safety in India（Project Leader Doi）
・Creation of design guidelines in Agra
[International cooperation projects] 1740A 1840B 1940C

Advice relating to community-based planning and design in groups of small-scale
India cities and social implementation initiatives ~ with an eye toward contributing
to sustainable development goals (SDGs) ~ （Project Leader Fukuda）
・Targeting mid-scale cities; Perspective of SDGs

In Collaboration with Transportation Research and Injury Prevention
Programme Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

[International cooperation project 1940C]

Implementation system: Project and members[India][IATSS Members and Office Staff]

Special Researchers

Atsushi Fukuda (Nihon University professor)

Geetam Tiwari (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi professor)

Kenji Doi (Osaka University professor)

Dinesh Mohan（Indian Institute of Technology Delhi visiting professor /Shiv Nadar University professor emeritus）

Shunsuke Kamijo (University of Tokyo associate professor）
Yuuto Kitamura (University of Tokyo associate professor）
Nagayasu Yoshida (Osaka City University associate professor)

Sudipto Mukherjee (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi professor)
Girish Agrawal（Jindal Global University professor）

Satoru Kobayakawa (Nihon University professor)
Special Researchers
Hiroki Kikuchi (Nihon University assistant)
OfficeSasa, Kawano, Yoshihara, Kaneko, Hasegawa, Hosokawa

PatialaBulandshahr

Nainital

[International Cooperation Project 1940C]

Purposes of Project
To provide methods of proposing mobility plans that enable sustainable development goals to be met
targeting three small-scale cities (populations of 100~500 thousand people)⇒ Small-scale cities (372 cities; resident population rate: 28%) have developed almost no effective plans.
◎ First, specify major traffic problems. ⇒ What is different from large cities? What are thecharacteristics?
◎ Assign priority to the necessary plans through discussion with local interested parties.
◎ Hold discussions with interested parties at the regional and prefectural level in order tointegrate traffic and safety problems into sustainable development goals. （SDG 3、7、9、11）◎ Create a report on the three cities - Achieve safe traffic in the cities while meeting SDGs
Important Points:
・Suggestions must be made about how to integrate SDGs, which are global indicators, into the regions.
・It must be shown to be a concrete strategic system that does more than simply tie in with sustainable development
goals.

[International Cooperation Project 1940C]

・Analyze the results of street traffic safety monitoring and atmosphericmonitoring as well as the results of social experiments, and reflect these in street design.

Overall Project Structure ・Systematically indicate how sustainable development goals can b
SDG Traffic-related Targets
TargetContents

Indicator

e met by suggesting street designs.

Estimate of population and number of workers,
Future estimate
estimate of number of car registration, etc.
(external condition)

3.6

To reduce the number oftraffic accident observers in
the world by half by 2020

Number of traffic
accident deaths andinjuries

Reduction in traffic accidents

7.3

To double to global
improvement rate of energy
efficiency by 2030

Improvement rate offuel costs

Conflict analysis

9.1

To develop trustworthy,
sustainable, resilient
infrastructure that is highly
capable of contributing toeconomic development andthe human environment

Repair andmaintenance rate oftraffic facilities

11.2

To provide a safe, low-cost,accessible, sustainable trafficsystem by 2030

Degree ofhandicapped
accessibility in public
transportation

11.6

To reduce per capital negative
influence of the environment
in cities by 2030

Atmosphericpollution level
Noise level

To streamline inefficientfossil fuel subsidies (while
minimizing the negative
effects on the weak)

Rate of reduction tofuel consumption
amount12.cAGRA
Project

Installationof sidewalks

Collection and pr
ovision of traffic information

Street design sugge
Improvement tostions along mod
traffic manag
el linesement
Connection wi
Roundabouts
th public transportation
Reduction in congestion
Rickshaw stations

Reduction in atmospheric pollution

Analysis of fuel priceresilience?

Monitoring of atmospheric pollution

[International Cooperation Project 1940C]

Extraction of High-frequency Traffic Accident
Locations and Analysis of Causes
Two or three locations with a high-frequency of traffic accidents were extracted from data on traffic
deaths and accident occurrences collected during the first year. IATSS pointed out the necessity ofconducting further analyses in order to specify accident causes.

Rajpura Road,
Near Punjabi
University

Head Post OfficeRoadRajpura Road,
Near Eqbal Inn
HotelLocal police were asked to input details
on the state of accidents (Training)[International Cooperation Project 1940C]

Improving Intersections (Roundabouts)
In addition to conducting a review of the design of the main roundabouts, which cause traffic congestion andaccidents and conducting evaluations through micro simulations of traffic, the social experiment was also
implemented (using markings and colored cones).
IATSS also gave advice regarding design review methods.

Proposeddesign

Fountain Chowk– 22nd June 2018

[International Cooperation Project 1940C]

Creation of Street Design Guidelines
・Creation of design guidelines (draft) inPatiala and Bulandshar by visiting the cities’
urban planning offices and police departments
multiple times and holding discussions.
・Deepened discussions relating to thefundamental approach to street design and therecommended state in India
・Consideration of systematic development
toward SDGs

A MOVING Exhibition

Characteristics of International Cooperation Projects
1940C Targeting India
Promotion of research projects based on new perspectives through cooperation between
IATSS members and local universities

Feedback on specific suggestions and measures provided to governments and communities
through local universities

Construction of a network of personnel aimed at internationalizing IATSS

Deep recognition of the current situation and sharing of substantial problems

Thank you for your attention
Introduction of IATSS Research Projects in Asia