EVENT REPORT

Report on the 45th European Conferenceon Information Retrieval (ECIR 2023)
Cathal Gurrin

Udo Kruschwitz

Jaap Kamps

Dublin City University
Ireland

University of Regensburg
Germany

University of Amsterdam
The Netherlands

cathal.gurrin@dcu.ie

Udo.Kruschwitz@ur.dekamps@uva.nl

Abstract
This paper reports on the 45th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR 2023),
held in Dublin, Ireland, during April 2–6, 2023. The conference was the largest ECIR ever,and brought together hundreds of researchers from Europe and abroad. For those who likenumbers: First, we received 489 submissions in total (including 228 full and 153 short papers)
excluding further workshop submissions. Second, the technical program committee consistedof 624 reviewers in total (including 27 chairs, 124 SPC, 473 reviewers) with many serving on
multiple tracks. Third, the proceedings necessitated a third volume, and contains a total of
175 papers in 2,151 pages. The rest of this report details the conference program and events.
Date: 2–6 April 2023.
Website: https://ecir2023.org/.

1

Overview

The 45th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR 2023) was held in Dublin, Ireland,
during April 2–6, 2023, and brought together hundreds of researchers from Europe and abroad.
The conference was organized by Dublin City University, in cooperation with the British Computer Society’s Information Retrieval Specialist Group (BCS IRSG). Organizing ECIR 2023 wasa monumental effort by the very large team of organizers shown in Table 1, and countless othervolunteers.
ECIR 2023 was held at the Radisson Blu Royal Hotel in Dublin city centre, a conference
centre which could facilitate up to 500 people. The conference was organized over six days, witha first day hosting all virtual talks, which took place on Friday 31st March 2023. The virtual
day consisted of 14 full-paper presentations, 11 short paper presentations, one demo, one virtual
keynote from Tetsuya Sakai, two reproducibility talks and three CLEF talks.
The main three conference days (3–5 April 2023) contained 10 oral sessions and 2 double
sessions, one for Reproducibility papers and one dedicated to CLEF talks. There were two days
surrounding the main conference (2nd & 6th April) which were dedicated to workshops, tutorials,
the doctoral consortium and Industry day. The ECIR program boasted a variety of novel workfrom contributors from all around the world. In total, 489 papers from authors in 52 countries
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Table 1. ECIR 2023 Organization Team

ChairsName

Affiliation

General Chairs

Annalina Caputo
Udo Kruschwitz
Cathal Gurrin
Jaap Kamps
Lorraine Goeuriot
Fabio Crestani
Maria Maistro
Hideo Joho
Liting Zhou
Frank Hopfgartner
Leif Azzopardi
Ricardo Campos
Gianmaria SilvelloBhaskar Mitra
Debasis Ganguly
Nicolas Fiorini
Isabelle Moulinier
Gareth Jones
Liadh Kelly
Suzan Verberne
Brian Davis
Joachim Wagner
Brian Davis
Ly Duyen Tran

Dublin City University, Ireland
Universität Regensburg, Germany
Dublin City University, Ireland
University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Université Grenoble Alpes, France
USI, Switzerland
University of Copenhagen, Denmark
University of Tsukuba, Japan
Dublin City University, Ireland
University of Koblenz-Landau, Germany
University of Strathclyde, UK
IPT & INESC TEC, Portugal
University of Padua, Italy
Microsoft, Canada
University of Glasgow, UK
Algolia, FranceThomson Reuters, US
Dublin City University, Ireland
Maynooth University, Ireland
Leiden University, The Netherlands
Dublin City University, Ireland
Dublin City University, Ireland
Dublin City University, Ireland
Dublin City University, Ireland

Program Committee Chairs

Short Papers Chairs
Demos Chairs
Reproducibility Track Chair
Workshop Chairs
Tutorials Chairs
Industry Day Chairs
Doctoral Consortium Chairs
Awards Chair
Publication Chairs
Local Chairs

were submitted to the different tracks. The final program included 65 full papers (29% acceptancerate), 41 short papers (27% acceptance rate), 19 demonstration papers (66% acceptance rate),
12 reproducibility papers (63% acceptance rate), 10 doctoral consortium papers (56% acceptancerate), and 13 invited CLEF papers.
All submissions were peer-reviewed by at least three international Program Committee members to ensure that only submissions of the highest relevance and quality were included in the final
program. The acceptance decisions were further informed by discussions among the reviewers foreach submitted paper, led by a senior Program Committee member. In a final PC meeting all
the final recommendations were discussed, in an effort to reach a fair and equal outcome for all
submissions.
The accepted papers covered the state of the art in information retrieval: user aspects, system &foundational aspects, machine learning, applications, evaluation, new social & technical challenges,
and other topics of direct or indirect relevance to search. As in previous years, the ECIR 2023
program contained a high proportion of papers with students as first authors, as well as papers
from a variety of universities, research institutes, and commercial organizations.
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Figure 1. Scenes from the ECIR 2023 Opening Reception in the Teeling Whiskey Distillery.

In addition to the papers, the program also included 3 keynotes, 7 tutorials, 8 workshops, adoctoral consortium, the presentation of selected papers from the 2022 issues of the Information
Retrieval Journal, and an industry day. Keynote talks were given by Mounia Lalmas (Spotify),
Tetsuya Sakai (Waseda University), and the 2022 BCS IRSG Karen Spärck Jones Award winner,
Yang Wang (UC Santa Barbara). See the section below for more details of the keynotes.
The tutorials covered a range of topics including conversational agents in health; crowdsourcing;gender bias; legal IR and NLP; neuro-symbolic representations; query auto completion; and textclassification.
The workshops brought together participants to discuss algorithmic bias (BIAS); bibliometrics (BIR); e-discovery (ALTARS); geographic information extraction (GeoExT); legal IR (Legal
IR); narrative extraction (Text2story); online misinformation (ROMCIR); and query performance
prediction (QPP).
Industry Day, despite being run in parallel with the tutorials and one of the workshops, wasparticularly active this year with 14 talks during a full-day event which wound up with a large
crowd heading to the bar to close out ECIR’23 on a high.
A short review of the conference through the eyes of a first-time attendee can be found in the
Spring 2023 issues of the BCS IRSG Informer newsletter [Donabauer, 2023].

2

Social Events

The precise origins of whiskey (or whisky) are unclear, but most authorities agree that it originatedin Ireland and it has been suggested that it was invented by monks as a means of preserving surplus
grain. Therefore, it was fitting that the welcome reception of ECIR’23 took place at the Teeling
Whiskey distillery, a short walk from the Radisson hotel. Over 220 attendees turned up for thisvery popular event, which included a guided tour of the distillery and offered visitors the chance
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to experience the complete whiskey-making process. Every attendee had ample opportunities tosample various types of Teeling whiskey and food was provided (as is witnessed by Figure 1).
The ECIR’23 conference banquet was held in the Banking Hall of the Westin Hotel, in Dublin
City centre, which is also a short walk from the conference venue. The Banking Hall was established in 1813 and proved to be a spectacular venue for the event. The banquet was also a very
popular event with 245 attendees enjoying an evening of Irish food and European wines. Indeed
the banquet was so popular that it ended up taking place in the main hall and two adjacent
overflow rooms.

3

Keynote Talks

Keynote talks were given by Mounia Lalmas (Spotify), Tetsuya Sakai (Waseda University), andthe 2022 BCS IRSG Karen Spärck Jones Award winner, Yang Wang (UC Santa Barbara).

3.1

On A Few Responsibilities of IR Researchers

Tetsuya Sakai (Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan) gave a keynote On a Few Responsibilities of(IR) Researchers: Fairness, Awareness, and Sustainability.
Tetsuya discussed three foundation pillars of modern research practices, namely, fairness,
awareness, and sustainability. First, Fairness in terms of exposure for the items being ranked
or recommended. For example, the NTCIR-17 Fair Web Task, which was about ensuring groupfairness of web search results, uses Group Fairness and Relevance evaluation measure, which canhandle ordinal groups (e.g., high h-index researchers vs. medium h-index researchers vs. others)
as well as intersectional group fairness. Second, Awareness in that researchers should always try
to see “both sides” and make informed decisions instead of just blindly accepting recommendations from a few particular researchers, even if they are great people. Conference PC chairs andjournal editors should also be aware of both sides and provide appropriate guidance to authors
and reviewers. Third, Sustainability in the sense of how IR researchers may want to minimise
and/or compensate for the negative impact of our activities on earth and on society. Regional
IR conferences [such as ECIR] and the new SIGIR-AP (Asia/Pacific) may help reduce the carbon
footprint of conference travel, and may help the IR community to go greener and beyond.

3.2

Personalization at Spotify

Mounia Lalmas (Spotify, UK) gave a keynote on Personalization at Spotify.
One of Spotify’s missions is “to match fans and creators in a personal and relevant way.” This
talk shared some of the research work aimed at achieving this, from using machine learning tometric validation, and was illustrated using examples within the context of Spotify’s home andsearch. An important aspect of the talk focused on illustrating that, when aiming to personalize
for both recommendation and search, it is important to consider the heterogeneity of both listenerand content. One way to do this is to consider the following three angles when developing machinelearning solutions for personalization: i) Understanding the user journey; ii) Optimizing for theright metric; and iii) Thinking about diversity.

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3.3

Large Language Models for Question Answering

William Yang Wang (University of California, Santa Barbara, USA) gave the 2022 Karen Spärck
Jones Award Keynote on Large Language Models for Question Answering: Challenges and Opportunities
A key goal for Artificial Intelligence is to design intelligent agents that can reason with heterogeneous representations and answer open-domain questions. The advances in large language
models (LLMs) bring exciting opportunities to create disruptive technologies for question answering (QA). The keynote demonstrated that major challenges for open-domain QA with LLMs
include the capability to reason seamlessly between textual and tabular data, to understand andreason with numerical data, and to adapt to specialized domains. To do this, it described recent
work on teaching machines to reason in semi-structured tables and unstructured text data. Morespecifically, William introduced i) Open Question Answering over Tables and Text (OTT-QA), a
new large-scale open-domain benchmark that combines information retrieval and language understanding for multihop reasoning over tabular and textual data; and ii) FinQA and ConFinQA, twochallenging benchmarks for exploring the chain of numerical reasoning in conversational financequestion answering.

4

Award Winners

The ECIR 2023 Best Paper Award Committee consisted of: Christin Seifert (University of DuisburgEssen); Martin Halvey (University of Strathclyde), Carsten Eickhoff (University of Tübingen), andSuzan Verberne (University of Leiden, chair). To celebrate the outstanding quality of work, thecommittee decided to always hand out a student award. In cases where the main award winner
had a student main author, the student award would be granted to the next ranked student paper.
We thank and acknowledge Springer for sponsoring the best-paper awards.

4.1

Short Papers

The committee reviewed the final versions of 9 short-listed short papers. First, the Best Student
Short Paper Award was presented to:• Phillip Schneider, Anum Afzal, Juraj Vladika, Daniel Braun and Florian Matthes for theirpaper Investigating Conversational Search Behavior For Domain Exploration [Schneider
et al., 2023].
The paper investigates conversational search, which has evolved as a new information retrieval
paradigm marking a shift from traditional search systems towards interactive dialogues with intelligent search agents. It conducts a laboratory study to investigate open-ended search behavior
for navigation through unknown information landscapes. The paper identifies core dialogue acts
and their interrelations that enable users to discover domain knowledge, but also derives design
suggestions for conversational search systems.
Second, a Best Short Paper Award was presented to:

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• Mitko Gospodinov, Sean MacAvaney and Craig Macdonald for their paper Doc2Query–:
When Less is More [Gospodinov et al., 2023].
The paper investigates “Doc2Query,” the process of expanding the content of a document before
indexing using a sequence-to-sequence model. However, these models are known to be prone to“hallucinating” content that is not present in the source text. This paper explores techniques forfiltering out these harmful queries prior to indexing. The paper finds that using a relevance model
to remove poor-quality queries can improve the retrieval effectiveness of Doc2Query.

4.2

Full Papers

The committee reviewed the final versions of 8 short-listed full papers. First, an Honorable Mention
for the Best Paper Award was presented to:• Zhiling Jin, Yu Hong, Rui Peng, Jianmin Yao and Guodong Zhou for their paper Intentionaware Neural Networks for Question Paraphrase Identification [Jin et al., 2023].
The paper investigates Question Paraphrasing Identification (QPI), a task of determining whethera pair of interrogative sentences (i.e., questions) are paraphrases of each other. The paper proposes
an intention-aware neural model for QPI. Question words (e.g., “when”) and blocks (e.g., “whattime”) are extracted as features for revealing intentions, used to regulate pairwise question encoding explicitly and implicitly, within Conditional Variational AutoEncoder (CVAE) and multi-task
VAE frameworks. This model outperforms the state-of-the-art QPI models on benchmark corpora
QQP, LCQMC and BQ for both English and Chinese QPI tasks.
Second, the Best Student Paper Award was presented to:• Avinash Madasu, Estelle Aflalo, Gabriela Ben Melech Stan, Shao-Yen Tseng, Gedas Bertasius and Vasudev Lal for their paper Improving video retrieval using multilingual knowledgetransfer [Madasu et al., 2023].
The paper investigates video retrieval, which has seen tremendous progress with the developmentof vision-language models, however requires labeled data which is a huge manual effort. This paper uses state-of-the-art machine translation models to construct pseudo ground-truth multilingual
video-text pairs, and learns a multilingual video-text representation in a common embedding space
based on pretrained multilingual models. Experimental results demonstrate that this approachachieves state-of-the-art results for English video retrieval datasets, and superior performance ona multilingual video retrieval benchmark.
Third, the Best Paper Award was presented to:• Taishi Hosokawa, Adam Jatowt and Kazunari Sugiyama for their paper Temporal Natural
Language Inference: Evidence-based Evaluation of Temporal Text Validity [Hosokawa et al.,2023].
The paper investigates Temporal Natural Language Inference, inspired by traditional natural
language reasoning to determine the temporal validity of text content. The authors first construct

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their own dataset for this task and train several machine learning models, and then propose aneffective method for learning information from an external knowledge base that gives hints on
temporal commonsense knowledge. Using the prepared dataset, it introduces a new machinelearning model that incorporates the information from the knowledge base and demonstrate that
this model outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in the proposed task.

5

Tutorials and Workshops

ECIR 2023 hosted 7 tutorials and 8 workshops.

5.1

Tutorials• Bigdeli, Arabzadeh, Seyedsalehi, Zihayat, and Bagheri [2023] on Understanding and Mitigating Gender Bias in Information Retrieval Systems.
• Dietz, Bast, Chatterjee, Dalton, Meij, and de Vries [2023] on Neuro-Symbolic Approaches
for Information Retrieval.
• Ganguly, Conrad, Ghosh, Ghosh, Goyal, Bhattacharya, Nigam, and Paul [2023] on Legal IR
and NLP: The History, Challenges, and State-of-the-Art.
• Gupta, Joshi, and Agrawal [2023] on Deep Learning Methods for Query Auto Completion.
• Saha, Tiwari, and Saha [2023] on Trends and Overview: The Potential of Conversational
Agents in Digital Health.
• Ustalov, Smirnova, Fedorova, and Pavlichenko [2023] on Crowdsourcing for Information
Retrieval.
• Zhang, Sensoy, Makrehchi, and Taneva-Popova [2023] on Uncertainty Quantification for Text
Classification.

5.2

Workshops• Boratto, Faralli, Marras, and Stilo [2023] organized the Fourth International Workshop on
Algorithmic Bias in Search and Recommendation (Bias 2023).
• Campos, Jorge, Jatowt, Bhatia, and Litvak [2023a] organized The 6th International Workshop on Narrative Extraction from Texts (Text2Story 2023).
• Nunzio, Kanoulas, and Majumder [2023] organized the 2nd Workshop on Augmented Intelligence in Technology-Assisted Review Systems (ALTARS).
• Faggioli, Ferro, Mothe, and Raiber [2023b] organized the workshop on Query-Performance
Prediction and Its Evaluation in New Tasks (QPP++ 2023).
• Frommholz, Mayr, Cabanac, and Verberne [2023] organized the 13th International BIR
Workshop (BIR 2023) on Bibliometric-Enhanced Information Retrieval.
• Hu, Hu, Resch, and Kersten [2023] organized the workshop on Geographic Information
Extraction from Texts (GeoExT).
• Petrocchi and Viviani [2023] organized the 3rd Workshop on Reducing Online Misinformation Through Credible Information Retrieval (ROMCIR 2023).

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• Verberne, Kanoulas, Wiggers, Piroi, and de Vries [2023] organized the workshop on Legal
Information Retrieval.

6

Practical Issues

Although ECIR was primarily a physical conference, it did contain hybrid elements. We havealready mentioned Virtual day, which provided non-travelling authors an opportunity to present
their papers. We found that visa and travel issues resulted in some attendees switching fromphysical attendance to virtual attendance as little as 2 days before the conference began, so thefinal conference schedule was subject to change until the last moment.
In order to support online access, all workshops had an associated zoom meeting that facilitated both online and physically-present participants to both speak and interact. Tutorials werealso facilitated to have zoom meetings, with one tutorial being presented online due to travel
restrictions of the tutorial organizers. As a result of virtual day, the main conference had physicalspeakers only, so virtual attendees could join Perfogram1 streams of all talks during the main
conference. Perfogram was our chosen partner because it would not have any region blocking, wassympathetic to bandwidth variations and ran in a web browser, so that attendees did not need to
install software just for ECIR’23. The Industry day sessions facilitated online speakers via zoom
and the event was streamed on Perfogram.
Due to the late moving of speaker slots from the physical conference to virtual day, our main
conference schedule was provided by ClearEvent2 , which was accessible by attendees across avariety of computing devices. Although printed schedules were provided daily, the main conference
venue was ClearEvent.
This year at ECIR, we had 311 physical attendees at the conference, with another 32 physicalworkshop/tutorial-only attendees and 11 physical industry–day-only attendees. We also facilitatedonline-only attendees which gave a final number of 426 attendees at ECIR’23.
Finally the organizers of ECIR’23 are delighted to be able to report the provision of student
supports to assist 30 students to attend the event. Supports ranged from online registrations tofull travel supports.

7

Additional Authors

This report and the conference itself would never happen without the concerted effort of the following co-organizers: Leif Azzopardi (Reproducibility Track Chair), Ricardo Campos (Workshop
Co-Chair), Annalina Caputo (General Co-Chair), Fabio Crestani (Program Committee Co-Chair),Brian Davis (Local Co-Chair, Publication Co-Chair), Nicolas Fiorini (Industry Day Co-Chair),Debasis Ganguly (Tutorials Co-Chair), Lorraine Goeuriot (Program Committee Co-Chair), Frank
Hopfgartner (Demos Co-Chair), Hideo Joho (Short Papers Co-Chair), Gareth Jones (Doctoral
Consortium Co-Chair), Liadh Kelly (Doctoral Consortium Co-Chair), Maria Maistro (Short Papers Co-Chair), Bhaskar Mitra (Tutorials Co-Chair), Isabelle Moulinier (Industry Day Co-Chair),
12

https://www.perfogram.com
https://clearevent.com

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Gianmaria Silvello (Workshop Co-Chair), Suzan Verberne (Awards Chair), Joachim Wagner (Publication Co-Chair), Ly Duyen Tran (Local Co-Chair), and Liting Zhou (Demos Co-Chair).

Acknowledgements
The success of ECIR 2023 would not have been possible without all the help from the team ofvolunteers and reviewers. We wish to thank all the reviewers and meta-reviewers who helped toensure the high quality of the program. We also wish to thank the entire organization team (seeTable 1). We thank Joachim Wagner for helping with preparing the proceedings and Esraa Ali
for her local support and guidance. We would especially like to thank Brian Davis for overseeing
the proceedings preparation and assisting whenever called upon. Additionally, one must notforget the student volunteers who helped to create an excellent online and offline experience forparticipants and attendees. ECIR 2023 was sponsored by a range of research institutes andcompanies. We acknowledge our sponsors, who provided valuable contributions to the delegate
experience. Specifically we wish to thank ACM SIGIR, Bloomberg, Zeta Alpha, Elsevier, Thomson
Reuters, Google Research, Textkernel, Springer, along with Science Foundation Ireland and the
Adapt Centre at DCU.
For further information, we refer to the conference web pages3 and the proceedings. The
ECIR’23 proceedings are published in three volumes [Kamps et al., 2023a,b,c]. Several workshops
also published their own proceedings, e.g. QPP [Faggioli et al., 2023a], and Text2Story [Campos
et al., 2023b].

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Ludovico Boratto, Stefano Faralli, Mirko Marras, and Giovanni Stilo. Fourth international workshop on algorithmic bias in search and recommendation (bias 2023). In Kamps et al. [2023c],
pages 373–376. URL https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28241-6_39.
Ricardo Campos, Alı́pio Jorge, Adam Jatowt, Sumit Bhatia, and Marina Litvak. The 6th international workshop on narrative extraction from texts: Text2story 2023. In Kamps et al. [2023c],
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Vol. 57 No. 1 – June 2023