CGER-REPORTISSN 1341-4356
CGER-I126-2015

Proceedings of the 13th Workshop on
Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia (WGIA13)- Capacity Building for Measurement, Reporting and Verification 4th-6th August 2015, Bali, Indonesia

Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan (GIO), CGER, NIES

Center for Global Environmental Research

National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan

Proceedings of the 13th Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia

- Capacity Building for Measurement, Reporting and Verification Prepared by:Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan
Center for Global Environmental Research (CGER)
National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)
16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan
Fax: +81-29-850-2219
E-mail: www-gio@nies.go.jp
http://www-gio.nies.go.jp
Copies available from:Center for Global Environmental Research (CGER)
National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)
16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506 Japan
Fax: +81-29-858-2645
E-mail: www-cger@nies.go.jp
http://www.cger.nies.go.jp
Copyright 2015:
NIES: National Institute for Environmental Studies

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any
information retrieval system, without permission in writing from NIES. However, NIES does
not own the copyrights to the presentation materials contained in this publication.
All copies in PDF format are available from: http://www.cger.nies.go.jp
This publication is printed on paper manufactured entirely from recycled material (Rank A),
in accordance with the Law Concerning the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-Friendly
Goods and Services by the State and Other Entities.

Contents
Foreword .................................................................................................................................. i
Preface ..................................................................................................................................... ii
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations................................................................................... iii
Photos of the Workshop ......................................................................................................... v
1.
Executive Summary of WGIA13 ................................................................................. 1
2.
Workshop Report ......................................................................................................... 5
2.1

Opening Session .........................................................................................................................5

2.2

Session I: Updates on the Preparation of the National Communications (NCs) andBiennial Update Reports (BURs) from Non-Annex I Parties ................................................6

2.3

Session II: Progress Made in BUR and the ICA Process .......................................................7

2.4

Session III: Cross Cutting Issues (Institutional Arrangements for Consistency andContinuous Reporting)..............................................................................................................8

2.5

Session IV: International Activities Contributing to GHG Inventories and Mitigation .....9

2.6

Wrap-up Session ......................................................................................................................11

3.

Abstracts ...................................................................................................................... 13

3.2

Session I ....................................................................................................................................15

3.3

Session II ..................................................................................................................................18

3.4

Session III .................................................................................................................................23

3.5

Session IV .................................................................................................................................27

4.

37
Report on Mutual Learning Session ......................................................................... 36

4.2

General (Cross-cutting) Issues ............................................................................................... 39
38

4.3

42
Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry Sector ...............................................................41

4.4

Agriculture Sector ...................................................................................................................45
44

4.5

Waste Sector ............................................................................................................................49
48

3.1

4.1

Opening Session .......................................................................................................................13

37
Overview of the Mutual Learning..........................................................................................36

53
Annex I: Agenda ................................................................................................................... 51
59
Annex II: List of Participants ............................................................................................. 57

Foreword
The international community now recognizes increases in anthropogenic emissions ofGreenhouse Gases (GHGs) as the primary cause of climate change and its impacts. The 5thAssessment Report published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in2013 stated that “the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide(CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) have all increased since 1750 due to humanactivity.” Moreover, since 2012, many GHG observatories including Mauna Loa Observatory
in Hawaii have noticed that the daily mean concentration or monthly mean concentration of
CO2 surpassed 400 parts per million (ppm) in May for the first time. In order to address
mitigation and adaptation to climate change, all of us on the globe have been making more
efforts than ever in both scientific and political fields.
Furthermore, “Measurement, Reporting and Verification”, abbreviated as MRV, are importantfor ensuring the transparency and accuracy of each country’s mitigation actions byquantifying anthropogenic GHG emissions. In this respect, national GHG inventories, which
provide information on GHG emissions and their trends over time, play a critical role as abasis for decision makers to design and implement strategies of their countries’ mitigation
actions for reducing GHG emissions.
In order to support the enhancement of capacities for national GHG inventories in Asian
countries, the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) has been organizing the“Workshop on GHG Inventories in Asia” (WGIA) annually since November 2003 with thesupport of the Ministry of the Environment of Japan (MOEJ). This workshop supports
government officials, compilers, and researchers in the Asian countries to develop andimprove their GHG inventories through enhancing regional information exchange. The
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan (GIO), affiliated with the Center for Global
Environmental Research (CGER), NIES, has functioned as the Secretariat for this workshop
since its first session.
This CGER report serves as the proceedings of the 13th WGIA, which was held from August
4th to August 6th 2015, in Bali, Indonesia. We hope that this report will be useful for all those
who work in the field of GHG inventory as well as climate change, and will contribute to thefurther progress of inventory development in Asia.

Hitoshi Mukai
Director
Center for Global Environmental Research
National Institute for Environmental Studies

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Preface
An important lesson that we have learned from experience in the history of the UNFCCC is
the importance of “Measurement, Reporting and Verification” (MRV). This includes
measuring the effects of emissions reduction initiatives; reporting the results of themeasurement on the international stage; and verifying the status of reductions. MRV ensures
the transparency and accuracy of reports on each country’s mitigation actions.
For steady implementation of MRV, it is essential to develop national systems for preparationof national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories and to improve the accuracy of the inventories.
While frequent reporting of national GHG inventories as stated in the Cancun Agreements
and Durban Outcomes encourages all Parties to consider improving their inventory qualityand developing appropriate institutional arrangements and inventory preparation processes,
the GHG inventories are also being accepted more and more as being valuable because theinventories support transparency and accuracy of implementation of the national mitigation
actions in a MRV manner. Furthermore, GHG inventories also help form the basis for
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions.
Since its first session in 2003, WGIAs have been held thirteen times so far. WGIAs havecontributed significantly to the construction and consolidation of a network of officials
involved in GHG inventory preparation in Asian countries and other institutes, and to theidentification and solution of common issues of relevance to the inventories.
This time, the 13th WGIA (WGIA13) was held from August 4th to August 6th, 2015 in Bali,
Indonesia, as a capacity building workshop for MRV. The items set out for this workshop bytaking into consideration the current situation of the member countries were all essential forthe improvement of their inventories.
The outcomes of the WGIA13 are summarized in this report as Proceedings. It is our hopethat this report will be found useful and will contribute to the further improvement of the
GHG inventories of the WGIA-member countries.
In conclusion, we would like to thank all the attendees for their participation and active
contribution to the success of the workshop.

Yukihiro Nojiri

Shigeyohi SatoManager
Chief Official
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office
Low-Carbon Society Promotion Office
Center for Global Environmental Research
Global Environment Bureau
National Institute for Environmental Studies Ministry of the Environment, Japan

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─ ii ─

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
AD
AFOLU
BR
BUR
BUR1
CDM
CGE
CGER
CH4
CO2
COP
CS
DMHCC
EF
ETS
FAO
F gases
FY
GEF
GHG
Gg
GIO
GIR
GIZ
GPG
GPG-LULUCF
GSO
HFCs
IAR
ICA
ICSD
IGES
INC
INCCA
INDC
IPCC
IPCC TFI TSU
IP
IPPU
JCM

Activity Data
Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use
Biennial Report
Biennial Update Report
The first Bienal Updated Report
Clean Development Mechanism
Consultative Group of Experts on National Communications
from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention
Center for Global Environmental Research
MethaneCarbon dioxide
Conference of the Parties
Country-Specific
Department of Meteorology, Hydrology and Climate Change,
Vietnam
Emission Factor
Emission Trading Scheme
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Fluorinated gases
Fiscal year
Global Environmental Facility
Greenhouse Gas
Giga gram (109 g)
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan
Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Research Center of Korea
The German Organization of International Cooperation
Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in
National Greenhouse Gas Inventories
Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change
and Forestry
General Statistic Office, Vietnam
Hydrofluorocarbons
International Assessment and Review
International Consultation and Analysis
Intercooperation for Sustainable Development, India
Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Japan
Initial National Communication
Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment
Intended Nationally Determined Contribution
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IPCC, Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,
Technical Support Unit
Industrial Processes
Industrial Processes and Product Use
Joint Crediting Mechanism―iii―

─ iii ─

JICA
KECO
KLHK
LCS
LULUCF
MA
ML
MONRE
MURC
MRV
NAMA
N2O
NC
NDA
NDRC
NIES
NIR
NMVOC
ONEP
QA
QC
REDD
REDD+

SBI
SIGN center
SNC
TA
TACCC
TGO
TNC
TTE
UN
UNFCCC
UNDP
USEPA
WGIA
1996 IPCC GLs
2006 IPCC GLs

Japan International Cooperation Agency
Korea Environment Corporation
Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Indonesia
Low-carbon Society
Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry
Multilateral Assessment
Mutual Learning
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam
Mitsubishi UFJ Research and Consulting Co., Ltd., Japan
Measurement, Reporting and Verification
Measureable, Reportable, and Verifiable
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action
Nitrous oxide
National Communication
Non-disclosure agreement
National Development and Reform Commission, China
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan
National Inventory ReportNon-methane volatile organic compounds
Office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy andPlanning, Thailand
Quality Assurance
Quality Control
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest
Degradation in developing countries
Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest
Degradation, and the Role of Conservation, Sustainable
Management of Forests, and Enhancement of Forest Carbon
Stocks
Subsidiary Body for Implementation
Sistem Inventarisasi Gas Rumah Kaca Nasional (National
Greenhouse Gas Inventory System) center, Indonesia
Second National Communication
Technical Analysis
Transparency, accuracy, completeness, consistency andcomparability
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management Organization (Public
Organization)
Third National Communication
Team of Technical Experts
United Nations
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
United Nations Development Programme
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia
Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories
2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas
Inventories―iv―

─ iv ─

Photos of the Workshop
Welcome Address

Overall Chairperson

Closing Remarks

Ms. Kirsfianti Linda Ginoga

Dr. Yukihiro Nojiri

Mr. Dida Migfar Ridha

Chairpersons for Plenary Sessions
Opening Session

Session I

Ms. Emma Rachmawaty
Session II

Dr. Sirintornthep Towprayoon

Mr. Takahiko Hiraishi

Session III

Dr. Rizaldi Boer

―v―

─v─

Session IV

Dr. Sumana Bhattacharya

Mutual Learning Sessions
General

LULUCF

Agriculture

Waste

Discussions in the Plenary Sessions

Registration

Meeting Room for Plenary Sessions

Information Exchanges in Reception & Tea Breaks―vi―

─ vi ─

1. Executive Summary of WGIA13

Proceedings of the 13th Workshop on
GreenhouseGas
in Asia(WGIA13) on
ProceedingsofInventories
the 13thWorkshop
CGER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia (WGIA13)
GER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

1. Executive Summary of WGIA13
Executive Summary of WGIA13
The Ministry of the Environment of Japan (MOEJ) and the National Institute forEnvironmental Studies (NIES) convened, together with the Ministry of Environment andForestry of Indonesia, the “13th Workshop on Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventories in Asia
(WGIA13)” from August 4th (Tuesday) to 6th (Thursday), 2015, in Bali, Indonesia.
The annual workshops have been held since 2003 in order to support non-Annex I (NAI)
Parties in Asia to develop and improve their GHG inventories and to facilitate theenhancement of cooperative relationships towards improving the accuracy of national GHG
inventories in the Asian region.
In this workshop, various themes related to GHG inventories, including Biennial Update
Reports (BURs) to be submitted by NAI Parties every two years, and International
Consultation and Analysis (ICA) activities were discussed and Mutual Learning sessions on
GHG inventories were conducted. This workshop has succeeded in enhancing capacity
building on Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV) to submit BURs including GHG
inventories continuously and strengthening the network of Asian countries.
In total, 108 participants from thirteen countries (Brunei, Cambodia, China, India,
Indonesia, Japan, Lao PDR., Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Republic of Korea, Thailand,
and Vietnam), attended WGIA13, including government and research representatives in
addition to representatives of the Technical Support Unit of the IPCC Task Force on National
Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Technical Support Unit (IPCC TFI TSU), the Secretariat of theUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Food andAgriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and others.
The WGIA13 this year was the first WGIA following BUR submissions by non-Annex I
Parties and the first round of ICA process. Therefore, in this workshop, BUR and ICA weremajor topics of discussion. Through the discussions, participants shared the recognition that
institutional arrangements were important for the continuous preparation of GHG inventories
and submission of BURs. In addition, it was recognized that accurate GHG inventories
contributed to planning each nation’s GHG emission mitigation strategies.
The objectives of the workshop were: To enhance sector-specific capacity for inventory compilation (mutual learning),
 To facilitate periodical national GHG inventory preparation for national
communications (NCs) and BURs,
 To enhance the understanding about ICA of BUR,
 To explore good practices for further improvement of continuous GHG inventory
compilation,
 To promote international activities related to GHG inventory preparation, mitigation
actions and MRV.
The presentations and discussions on each session are summarized below.
Opening session
As host countries, the Japanese and Indonesian governments individually made welcome
addresses and presentations. Japan presented its climate change policies including Intended
Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs), which indicates the GHG reduction target
―1―
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1.
Summaryof WGIA13of WGIA13
1.Executive
Executive
Summary

after 2020 and which is required to be submitted well before the 21st Conference of the Parties(COP21), and expressed the current status in Japan. Then, Indonesian climate change policies
including reduction plans were presented.
In the discussion, it was confirmed that cooperation among related ministries andinventory experts in the inventory compiling process was important. Participants shared therecognition that accurate GHG inventories in NCs and BURs led to a better understanding of
the current national status and they contributed to the planning of mitigation strategies for
INDCs.
Preparation of NCs and BURs by non-Annex I (NAI) Parties
COP decided that NAI should submit a BUR every two years, and that their first one
should be submitted by December 2014. A representative of the UNFCCC secretariat
presented the role of the Consultative Group of Experts on National Communications from
Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention (CGE) for the first BUR and ICA, andexplained what the CGE’s role was. He also introduced training materials, developed by the
CGE, to support the preparation BURs, including training program for the team technicalexperts (TTE) who undertake the technical analysis (TA) of BURs during the ICA process justlaunched in 2015. From this presentation, participants learned that the training of TTE
members contributed to improving the capability of national experts. They recognized that it
was important to increase the number of experts registered in the UNFCCC roster. In addition,
India reported that its first BUR, which includes inter-annual GHG inventories, would besubmitted shortly.
Progress made in BUR and the ICA process
Vietnam and the Republic of Korea talked about their BURs, which were submitted in
December 2014. Following this, a member of IPCC TFI TSU, who is also a CGE member,
explained how the TA for the ICA of BUR proceeds. The Ministry of the Environment ofJapan presented its experience of the IAR process, which is an international assessment andreview for Annex I countries, similar to the process of ICA for NAI. The presentation focused
mainly on multilateral assessment (MA) which Japan has undertaken. In the session,
participants discussed some mitigation actions that were described in the BURs of Korea andVietnam. It was reported that direct communication between each nation and the TTE in the
TA of ICA enabled identification of areas for capacity building.
Consistent and continuous inventory compilation
Japan presented its own experience of continuously compiling inventories, followed by
China who introduced time-series of consistent inventory compilation. Then, Malaysia andThailand reported their institutional arrangements to continuously prepare BUR which
includes national GHG inventory. These arrangements are now being developed.
It was recognized that various methodologies had been used for data collection andcalculation, depending on each nation’s situation and its possibility to continuously compile
inventory. The participants discussed how various errors in calculation could be avoided, andconfirmed that it was important to set up various systems for quality control (QC) of
inventories.
International Activities Contributing to GHG Inventories and Mitigation
JICA introduced the “Project of Capacity Development for Climate Change Strategy”,
including a pilot project for the waste sector, which is now being implemented in Indonesia.
Following this was “JICA REDD+ Project”, JICA’s efforts to mitigate climate change inforest land. FAO reported FAO data which is useful for inventory compilation. Then, IPCC
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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESTFI TSU introduced their recent activities which were conducted in light of improvement of
the IPCC Guidelines.
NIES gave a presentation on the NMVOC emissions inventory which is encouraged to bereported in NC and BUR for NAI. After that, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies(IGES) introduced the development of NAMA and MRV Guidebooks which facilitate
understanding of MRV. JICA presented support activities for the Joint Crediting Mechanism(JCM) projects in Indonesia.
Generally, a strong interest was shown by the participants in the details of what kind of
support/resources were available and what kind of related activities were undertaken. It wasnoted by the participants that further information was welcomed especially with regard to
NAMAs. It was also noted that non-mandatory gas emissions (e.g. F-gases, NOx, CO, and
NMVOC) from sources such as the electronics industry could be a possible topic for future
discussions.
Mutual Learning of each sector’s GHG inventories
The purpose of Mutual Learning is to improve GHG inventories by providing details of
methods and data for GHG emission/removal estimations between two countries, andexchanging views on the methods and data. In this WGIA13 Mutual Learning sessions were
held for cross-sectional sector (Vietnam and Japan), LULUCF sector (Cambodia andMongolia), agricultural sector (Indonesia and Lao PDR), and waste sector (Myanmar andRepublic of Korea).
The ML participants preliminarily exchanged their materials and questions to learn about
the inventory and institutional arrangements of the counterpart country approximately twomonths before the workshop. They learned about specific issues and good practices incounterparty’s inventory and clarified areas for improvement in their own inventory. They
expressed interest to continue to participate in this programme in future WGIAs.

―3―

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2. Workshop ReportCGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

2. Workshop Report
Please note that all presentation materials can be downloaded from the website ofGreenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan (GIO):
http://www-gio.nies.go.jp/wgia/wg13/wg13index-e.html

2.1 Opening Session
The opening session was chaired by Ms. Emma Rachmawaty (Indonesia), and therapporteur was Mr. Naofumi Kosaka (GIO).
The welcome address was delivered by Mr. Shigeyoshi Sato, officer of the Low-Carbon
Society Promotion Office, Ministry of the Environment, Japan (MOEJ), followed by Dr.
Kirsfianti Linda Ginoga, Director of GHG Inventory and MRV, Ministry of Environment andForestry of Indonesia.
Mr. Hiroshi Ito (GIO) gave an overview of WGIAs and introduced the organization of
WGIA in progress, objectives, participants, and the agenda of WGIA13. The objectives of
WGIA13 were:
To enhance sector-specific capacity for inventory compilation;
To facilitate periodical national GHG inventory preparation for NCs and BURs;

To enhance the understanding about International Consultation and Analysis (ICA)of BUR;
To explore good practices for further improvement of continuous GHG inventory
compilation;
To promote international activities related to GHG inventory preparation,
mitigation actions and MRV.
He emphasized that enhancement of MRV activities using accurate inventories of NCs
and BURs will contribute to planning and verifying NAMA.
Mr. Shigeyoshi Sato (MOEJ) made a presentation on Japan's climate change policies aswell as the current situation of Japan. He reported on Japan’s national GHG emissions basedon the 2006 IPCC guidelines in fiscal year (FY) 2013; total emissions increased by 0.8%
when compared to those of FY2005, and showed the reduction target of 26.0% by FY2030
compared to FY2013 (25.4% reduction compared to FY2005) (approximately 1.042 billion
t-CO2) in Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC). Toward submission of
INDC, it was approved by the Global Warming Prevention Headquarters’ meeting on July 2,
2015, and public comments were called for. After the collection of public comments, INDC
was approved by the Global Warming Prevention Headquarters, and submitted to the
UNFCCC Secretariat on July 17, 2015.
Dr. Kirsfianti L. Ginoga (Indonesia) made a presentation on Indonesia’s policies on
climate change and the progress of the first BUR. She gave an overview of the roles of the
Directorate General of Climate Change set by presidential and ministerial decree. She also
showed the GHG emission reduction target of 26% by 2019 and the increase of resilience toclimate change at the local level. Then, she reported on GHG emissions from 2000 to 2013,
showed a vulnerability map and local action program in a village called Climate Village
Program in Indonesia. Finally, she introduced the first BUR of Indonesia to be submitted by
December 2015.
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2.
ReportReport
2.Workshop
WorkshopIn the discussion, Japan’s GHG emission trend and emission reduction target in INDC
were raised. Mr. Sato described the impacts of the earthquake and nuclear accident in 2011. It
was confirmed that Indonesia had the mechanism to facilitate communication with ministries
and scientists. Participants shared the recognition that accurate GHG inventories in NCs and
BURs led to a better understanding of the current national status and they contributed to theplanning of mitigation strategies for INDCs.

2.2 Session I: Updates on the Preparation of the National
Communications (NCs) and Biennial Update Reports (BURs) from
non-Annex I Parties
This session was chaired by Mr. Takahiko Hiraishi, Institute for Global Environmental
Strategies (IGES) and the rapporteur was Mr. Naofumi Kosaka (GIO).
Non-Annex I Parties shall, as per COP 16 decision, submit national GHG inventories as apart of their BURs or NCs every two years. An ICA process for the first BUR has begun inearly 2015. Many participating countries have already started preparation for their BURs
and/or NCs. In this session, a representative of the UNFCCC Secretariat presented thetraining materials developed by the Consultative Group of Experts on National
Communications from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention (CGE) for the
preparation of BURs, and Team of Technical Experts (TTE) under the ICA. Additionally,
India presented its current status of preparation for its first BUR.
Mr. Hiroshi Ito (GIO) made an introductory presentation of this session. He provided an
overview of relevant articles of the Convention for NCs, first BUR and ICA of BURs. He also
showed the submission status of NCs and BURs in Asian countries and a list of Global
Environment Facility projects.
Mr. Dominique Revet (UNFCCC) gave his first presentation on the CGE Training
Materials for the Preparation of BURs from non-Annex I Parties, which he explained in detail.
He also mentioned that the CGE had organized three regional training workshops, between
July 2014 and February 2015, where those training materials were used to support the
preparation of the first BURs.
Mr. Dominique Revet (UNFCCC) gave his second presentation on the CGE Training
Materials for the future TTE members. He explained that a training program for the technicalexperts who undertake the technical analysis (TA) of BURs was developed by the CGE. This
first round of training was successfully conducted in April and May 2015.
Dr. Sumana Bhattacharya (India) gave a presentation on the Status of India’s first Biennial
Update Report (BUR). She gave an overview of the provisional BUR of India. She also
showed their institutional arrangement, GHG inventory in 2010, mitigation actions and so on.
She pointed out that approval to submit the first BUR by the Cabinet was awaited.
In the discussion, participants understood that joining the TTE training and experiencing
the TA process as a member of TTE will help experts from each country to make GHG
inventories. Since there are over 100 countries which have undertaken ICA, an increasing
number of experts who have registered on the roster is important for conducting ICA.
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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Dr. Bhattacharya told that India’s first BUR would include time-series estimates of GHG
emissions and additional mitigation actions compared to the previous mitigation plan.

2.3 Session II: Progress Made in BUR and the ICA ProcessThis session was chaired by Dr. Sirintornthep Towprayoon (Advisory Board [AB]), King
Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi) and the rapporteur was Mr. Naofumi Kosaka(GIO).
Countries have started submitting BURs since December 2014. The first round of ICA
process of these BURs started in May 2015. The topics of this session were similar to Session
I: Updates on the preparation of the NCs and BURs from non-Annex I Parties, but the focusof this session was the progress after submission of the Technical Analysis (TA) of BURs.
Mr. Hiroshi Ito (GIO) made an introductory presentation of this session. He reported on
the submission status from non-Annex I Parties in the world. He also gave an overview of theprocess of ICA for non-Annex I Parties and International Assessment and Review (IAR) for
Annex I Parties.
Dr. Nguyen Phuong Nam (Vietnam) made a presentation on “Overview of the first BUR
and Preparation for the Publishing of the National Inventory System in Vietnam”. He
overviewed Vietnam’s first BUR submitted last December, including national circumstances,institutional arrangement, national GHG inventory 2010, GHG emission mitigation activities,
and financial, technological and capacity needs and support received for mitigating climatechange. He also pointed out that Vietnam was trying to establish a National GHG Inventory
System through publishing a legal document.
Dr. Jongchul Bang (Republic of Korea) made a presentation on BUR of the Republic ofKorea. He introduced the overall process to prepare national reports including institutionalarrangement and the process of compilation of the third NC and the first BUR. Furthermore,
he reported on the results of the questionnaire survey about mitigation actions during the TA
under the ICA based on Korea’s actual experience.
Mr. Kiyoto Tanabe (IPCC TFI TSU, member of the CGE) made a presentation on theTechnical Analysis of BURs, as Part of the ICA Process. He introduced the experience of thefirst round of TA in May 2015, which he joined as a member of TTE. He gave the participants
some pieces of advices on good practice which will facilitate successful ICA, such as
indication of what is updated clearly, provision of basic information transparently, andpreparation for Q&A sufficiently. Additionally, he stressed that it is advisable to takeadvantage of tele-conference with the TTE during the TA week in order to ensure goodcommunication with the TTE which is crucial to identification of capacity building needs.
Lastly, Mr. Tsubasa Tomita (MOEJ) introduced Japan’s experience of the IAR process.
Japan submitted its 6th NCs and first BR in December 2013, and its IAR process has been
completed. Although the objectives of ICA are different from that of IAR, NAIs could refer tothe experience of IAR of Japan. He pointed out that cooperation and collaboration between
the Ministry of the Environment and relevant ministries was enhanced through the IAR
process.
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2.
ReportReport
2.Workshop
WorkshopIn the first discussion, some mitigation actions, e.g. Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) andTarget Management Scheme (TMS) in Republic of Korea were clarified. In the second
discussion, the roles of TTE were confirmed. Mr. Tanabe pointed out that an analysis of theaccuracy of EF and AD by the TTE is usually not easy. Therefore, it is important forconcerned parties to improve transparency by explaining EF and AD in BURs. He also
pointed out that identification of capacity building needs is one of the most important tasks of
the TTE, for which direct communication between the TTE and countries (e.g. telephone
conference, which is optional in the TA process) was helpful. Furthermore, follow-up
activities after identifying capacity building needs were discussed. Support from international
cooperative programmes such as the Global Support Programme funded by GEF,
implemented jointly by UNDP and UNEP, and JICA projects may be considered as suchactivities.

2.4 Session III: Cross Cutting Issues (Institutional Arrangements for
Consistency and Continuous Reporting)This session was chaired by Dr. Rizaldi Boer (AB/ Bogor Agricultural University), andthe rapporteur was Mr. Naofumi Kosaka (GIO).
First, Mr. Akira Osako (GIO) made an introductory presentation on this session. He
explained the background of the session and expressed that in addition to the consistency
within one inventory submission, consistency across submissions in different years has
become important because the non-Annex I countries should now submit an inventory every
two years since 2014. After the introductory presentation, based on the Japanese experience,
he explained three key elements of the continuous reporting which are also effective formaintaining the consistency between each yearly inventory submission. These key elements
are: 1) institutional arrangement; 2) inventory compilation schedule; and 3) inventory
compilation procedures.
Prof. Mingshan Su (China) reported on the improvement of inventory preparation,
especially consistency performance. China had paid special attention to consistency between
the 1994 INC and 2005 SNC, and further attention is continuously paid to the TNC
preparation. To improve the consistency, the GEF/UNDP capacity building project has been
established and the basic statistics have been strengthening by National Bureau of Statistics ofChina. For example, China’s energy and environment statistics have been improved during
the last few years and they now provide a useful foundation for developing inventories. Also
the National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Corporation, which hosts
the Department of Statistics and Assessment, has been established.
Dr. Yap Kok Seng (Malaysia) reported on the institutional arrangement for their national
GHG inventory, which consists of sectoral working groups with an anchoring agency for eachunder the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Although most of the required data
are based on national statistics, a number of industrial process-related companies require
non-disclosure agreements to be signed before the sensitive data are released. Data archiving
is conducted based on flat files and these consist of three categories: raw data, calculation
Excel sheets and inventory reports. Plans for improvement include use of the 2006 IPCC
Guidelines for TNC and training of a larger pool of GHG inventory compilers.
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Dr. Nattanich Asvapoositkul (Thailand) reported on their four-year improvement plan in
the institutional arrangement based on experiences from previous inventories developed for
INC and SNC. The first year’s improvement activities were: 1) tracking all existing activity
data related to GHG emissions; 2) exploring the data that have not been collected; 3)
establishing a national coordinating entity with strong leadership at the national level to beleading institution for compiling all activity data from all sectors; 4) identifying leading
agencies for each sector for compiling all activity data from the agencies under theircommand; 5) drafting an institutional structure for a national inventory system; 6) submitting
the institutional structure to National Climate Change Committee; and 7) submitting
institutional structure to the Cabinet.
After this report, questions and answers followed in this session. A notable question asked
from the floor was regarding the use of experience of accurate, effective and efficientemission estimation systems. Several calculation systems were introduced by countries withadvantages such as automatic calculation abilities and/or efficiency. Regarding the Japanese
inventory, questions were asked as to: how to avoid human error in estimation files and how
to assure the reliability of collected data QC checking procedures, automatic checking designin Excel files and collected data assuring processes.
Dr. Yukihiro Nojiri (GIO) mentioned that there were “centralized” and “decentralized”
data collection systems. He said that the centralized data collection systems had benefits
because the responsibility of each entity could be clearly assigned.

2.5 Session IV: International Activities Contributing to GHG Inventories
and Mitigation
This session was chaired by Dr. Sumana Bhattacharya (AB/Climate Change andEnvironment Intercooperation) and the rapporteur was Mr. Naofumi Kosaka (GIO).
The topic of enhancing the network to support MRV at various levels was taken up in
WGIA11 in Session V. In WGIA12, this topic was taken up again in Session IV.
In WGIA13, although under a different session name “International Activities
Contributing to GHG Inventories and Mitigation,” Session IV provided an overview ofinternational activities contributing to GHG inventories and mitigation from the viewpoint ofavailable support/resources and what kind of related activities that are undertaken, andexplored what the challenges were and what might be done to deal with them. In this session,
external experts gave presentations and participants exchanged views on various activities.
Ms. Elsa Hatanaka (GIO) introduced the background for the session, agenda, and possible
points for discussion during the session.
Mr. Hiroyuki Ueda (MURC) started off the session with a presentation entitled "Overview
of “Sub-project 3 of the Project of Capacity Development for Climate Change Strategies inIndonesia." He introduced how Sub-project 3 has supported Indonesia's efforts in enhancing
capacity required to prepare a national GHG inventory. For example, a new "SIGN" center(national GHG inventory office) was established, with an Excel-based web software for direct
data input from data providers. The JICA pilot project has also produced CSEFs fromwastewater for some provinces in Indonesia.
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Following this, Mr. Shigeru Takahara (JICA REDD+ Project) talked about JICA's efforts
to mitigate climate change in the forest and land sector in Indonesia. The target provinces of
the JICA REDD+ Project are West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan, where in the former,
a sub-national framework on REDD+ has been developed, and in the latter, the capacity forcarbon monitoring has been enhanced at the provincial level. The Project findings will bereferenced in the process of developing REDD+ implementation mechanisms at the national
level.
Dr. Mirella Salvatore (FAO) presented capacity development activities in support ofnational GHG inventories implemented by FAO. She explained that through the provision of
the FAOSTAT Emissions Database, with country-level estimates of GHG emissions based on
FAOSTAT activity data and 2006 IPCC Tier 1 methodology, FAO has helped build knowledge
on GHG emissions from the AFOLU sector across the globe. Regional and country level
workshops/activities are undertaken to enhance their capacity in successfully addressing thereporting requirements of the UNFCCC. Several means have been produced to support
countries: a manual to address data requirements, the E-learning courses to build a NGHGI,
the AFOLU Emissions Analysis Tools, and the Learning tool on NAMAs in AFOLU sector.
Dr. Baasansuren Jamsranjav (IPCC TFI TSU) followed, by presenting recent activities of
IPCC TFI. Among other activities, she explained about ongoing technical assessment work of
TFI products including 2006 IPCC Guidelines. The 26th Meeting of the TFI Bureau convened
in 2014 concluded that: 1) The 2006 IPCC Guidelines provide a technically soundmethodological basis for national greenhouse gas inventories, and therefore fundamental
revision is unnecessary; 2) To keep the validity of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, certain
refinements may be required, taking into account scientific and other technical advances thathave matured sufficiently since 2006; and 3) More in–depth technical assessments should beundertaken. The technical assessment work has been undertaken through the combination of
an on-line questionnaire survey and expert meetings.
Dr. Satoru Chatani (NIES) made a presentation on estimating NMVOC emissions in Japan,
China, and India. He explained how precursors such as NMVOCs played an important role in
the formation of tropospheric ozone and secondary aerosols in the atmosphere, and why they
were important from the viewpoint of radiative forcing. He noted the difficulty of estimating
NMVOC emissions, due to the necessity to consider thevarious fugitive sources, as well as
combustion sources. Studies have revealed that NMVOC emissions from fugitive sources
increased with economic growth whereas those from biomass combustion decreased.
Dr. Chisa Umemiya (IGES) introduced the development of NAMA and MRV Guidebooks
by IGES and OECC in cooperation with various experts in the field. She also explained that asurvey is ongoing to identify the state of NAMAs and MRV planning and implementation, theresults of which will be reflected in future guidebooks.
Dr. Jun Ichihara (JICA CMEA Project) followed with a presentation entitled “The Current
State of the Joint Crediting Mechanism and Relevant JICA Cooperation in Indonesia.” Heexplained that the JCM aimed at contributing to sustainable development, by facilitating the
diffusion of leading low carbon technologies and implementing mitigation actions. There are
currently three JCM projects registered in Indonesia, and JICA's technical cooperation has
helped establish the JCM Secretariat.

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Following the above presentations, some comments were given and questions were raised.
Mr. Takahiko Hiraishi (IGES) proposed that the wastewater CSEFs produced in the JICA pilot
project be submitted to the IPCC TFI Emission Factor Database. Mr. Takahara noted that theissue of community land rights was a challenge in the JICA REDD+ project, and Dr. Nguyen
Phuong Nam (Vietnam) shared the experience in Vietnam where forest owner associations
have been formed to take part in CDM projects. The possible complexity of mixing peat landissues and REDD+ in the Project was also pointed out by Mr. Takahiko Hiraishi (IGES). Ms.
Takako Ono (IGES) noted that FAO provided its E-learning and other support based on the2006 IPCC Guidelines instead of the required Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines or the GPGs,
and Dr. Mirella Salvatore (FAO) explained that this was because the 2006 IPCC Guidelines
represented the most recent and robust inventory knowledge. Dr. Seungdo Kim (Republic ofKorea) stated that the post-2020 transparency framework will be important, and Dr. Chisa
Umemiya (IGES) noted in response that institutional arrangements for GHG inventories thatare currently starting up may be the base for domestic response to it. On NMVOC emission
estimations, Dr. Satoru Chatani (NIES) acknowledged that the input from industry
organizations are large in Japan's case, for example, through the provision of EFs, and Dr.
Sumana Bhattacharya (AB/Climate Change and Environment Intercooperation) noted that thismay be a challenge for developing countries. Regarding JCM, interest was expressed in how
post-2020 JCM might look like.
Generally, a strong interest was shown by the participants in the details of what kind of
support/resources were available and what kind of related activities were undertaken. It wasnoted by the participants that further information was welcomed especially with regard to
NAMAs. It was also noted that non-mandatory gas emissions (e.g. F-gases, NOx, CO, and
NMVOC) from sources such as the electronics industry could be a possible topic for future
discussions.

2.6 Wrap-up Session
This session was chaired by Dr. Yukihiro Nojiri (GIO). In this session, the rapporteurs
from the Mutual Learning session and plenary sessions provided summaries of the discussions
including findings and recommendations, which were followed by the final discussion toconclude the workshop.
Summary of the Plenary Sessions
Mr. Naofumi Kosaka (GIO), the rapporteur of the plenary sessions, reported a summary of
the presentations and discussions during the sessions.
Themes of the next WGIA were discussed after his report.
Mr. Atsushi Sato (MURC) raised the idea that it was useful for the participants to be
informed of the changes in the MRV systems following COP21 held in December 2015.
The chair explained the purpose of including NMVOC inventories in the agenda of this
WGIA as follows: he assumed that the personnel of GHG inventories might also be in chargeof air pollutant inventories in some countries. Dr. Satoru Chatani (NIES) said that it would beappreciated if participants shared information on NMVOC inventories of their countries infuture WGIAs. Dr. Sirintornthep Towprayoon (AB) supported the statement that improvementof GHG inventories was also beneficial to air pollutant inventories: for example, activity data
for GHG inventories could be shared with air pollutant inventories. She said that it would be―11―

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2.Workshop
Workshopgood to encompass air pollutant inventories in BUR.
The chair pointed out that several types of data collection system had been presented
during this WGIA. Mr. Mone Nouansyvong (Lao PDR) emphasized the importance ofdiscussing how effective institutional arrangements worked. Dr. Swapan Mehra (India) said
that robust data systems that effectively collecte, process and archive data should be
discussed.
Mr. Takahiko Hiraishi (IGES) proposed an expansion of the scope of WGIA byconsidering how inventory compilers can contribute to related area such as NAMAs, BURs,
NCs and INDCs.
Generally, participants recognized the importance of applying knowledge such as
NMVOC inventories to GHG inventory and the importance of institutional arrangement.
Summary of the Mutual Learning
Dr. Takefumi Oda (GIO) presented the background and objectives of the mutual learning(ML) programme as well as the outcomes of past MLs. He also summarized the ML held in
WGIA13. He concluded that the participants of the ML had clarified issues to be improved intheir own inventories and that they showed interest to continue to participate in ML in future
WGIAs.
The discussion after his report is summarized as follows.
Mr. Dominique Revet (UNFCCC Secretariat) explained a workshop plan in accordancewith FCCC/SBI/2015/L.8. The planned workshop will deal with the use of the 2006 IPCC
Guidelines, institutional arrangements and domestic MRV. The workshop will be held in three
regions including Asia.
Mr. Kiyoto Tanabe (IPCC TFI TSU) proposed that the WGIA Secretariat made a summary
report on the ML in order to follow up the outcomes of the ML conducted through the past
several years. He suggested that the WGIA Secretariat conduct a survey regarding how eachparticipating country addressed issues identified in the ML after the participants had returnedto their countries and compile success stories.
Closing Remarks
The closing remarks were delivered by Mr. Dida Migfar Ridha, on behalf of the Directorof GHG inventory and MRV, Indonesia and Dr. Yukihiro Nojiri, Manager of GIO, Japan. They
thanked all for active participation. They believed that everyone renewed their determination
to improve GHG inventories through participation in this WGIA.

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3. Abstracts

CGER-I126-2015,
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CGER/NIES

3. Abstracts
3.1 Opening Session
Overview of WGIA 13
Hiroshi Ito
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan (GIO/CGER/NIES), Japan

Abstract
The 5th Assessment Report published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) in 2013 stated that “the atmospheric concentrations of the greenhouse gases carbon
dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) have all increased since 1750 due tohuman activity. Under this situation, non-Annex I (NAI) Parties under the United Nations
Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are also required to prepare
Greenhouse Gas (GHG) inventories as a part of National Communications (NCs) andBiennial Update Reports (BURs) to be periodically submitted to the Conference of the Parties(COP) under the UNFCCC. Under the international circumstances, it becomes important todevelop reliable GHG inventory of NAI countries and to enhance its further improvement.
To support developing and improving GHG Inventories of NAI Parties in Asia, the Workshop
on GHG Inventories in Asia (WGIA) was organized by the Ministry of the Environment ofJapan (MOEJ) and the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), and has been held
on annually since 2003. The participating countries are 14 countries (Cambodia, China, India,
Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Lao PDR., Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Philippines,
Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam). So far, WGIA achieved to strengthen a network ofregional government officials and experts and to make website and proceedings.
The upcoming 13th Workshop on GHG Inventories in Asia (WGIA13) is to be held 4th-6th
August 2015 in Bali, Indonesia. The WGIA13 aims:
1) to enhance sector-specific capacity for inventory compilation,2) to facilitate national GHG inventory preparation for NCs and BURs,
3) to enhance understandings about International Consultation and Analysis (ICA) of BUR,
4) to explore good practice for further improvement of continuous GHG inventory
compilation, and5) to promote international activities related with GHG inventory preparation, mitigation
actions and Measurement, Reporting and Verification (MRV).
Over 100 participants are expected to be present in this 13th workshop. Participants aregovernment officials and researchers from 13 countries in Asia (the participating countries(excluding Philippines and Singapore) and Brunei) and are experts from internationalorganizations (UNFCCC, the Technical Support Unit of the IPCC Task Force on National
GHG Inventories (IPCC TFI TSUTFI TSU), the Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nations (FAO)) and others.

Access to relevant information
http://www-gio.nies.go.jp/wgia/wgiaindex-e.html―13―

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Abstracts

Japan's Climate Change Policies
Shigeyoshi Sato
Ministry of the Environment, Japan

Abstract
The Ministry of the Environment, Japan (MOEJ), with the cooperation of relevant ministries,
agencies and organizations, prepares Japan’s national inventory and compiles supplementary
information required under Article 7.1, which is annually submitted to the Conference of theParties through the UNFCCC Secretariat in accordance with the UNFCCC and the Kyoto
Protocol.
Last April, Japan has submitted its National Greenhouse Gas Emissions in fiscal year (FY)2012 in accordance with the Act on Promotion of Global Warming Countermeasures. Total
emissions in FY2012 were 1,343 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents (Mt CO2 eq.), a
6.5% increase compared to those of the base year under the Kyoto Protocol. The five-year
average for total emissions during the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol(FY2008-FY2012) was 1,278 Mt CO2 eq. (1.4% increase from base year), and the five-year
average for removals by forest and other carbon sinks that can be used toward achieving thetarget was 48.7 Mt CO2 eq. (3.9% of base year) Consequently, if the Kyoto mechanisms
credits are taken into account, the five-year average shows an 8.4% decrease compared to thebase year; therefore, Japan will have achieved its target for the first commitment period of the
Kyoto Protocol (-6 % below base year level).
Last November, Japan has submitted its quantified economy-wide emission reduction target
for 2020; 3.8% emission reduction in 2020 compared to the 2005 level. This was a target atthat point, which had not yet taken into account the emission reduction effect resulting from
nuclear power, given that the energy policy and energy mix, including the utilization of
nuclear power, were still under consideration. A firm target, based on further review of theenergy policy and energy mix will eventually be set.
In accordance with the Cancun Accord and the Durban Decision under the UNFCCC, lastDecember, Japan has submitted its first Biennial Report (BR1) and 6th National
Communication (NC6) based on its new greenhouse gas emission reduction target.
My presentation will show the outline of Japan’s greenhouse gas emissions trends, policies
and measures toward sustainable low-carbon society.

References
Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan

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3.2 Session I
CGE Training Materials for the Preparation of Biennial Update Reports
from non-Annex I Parties
Mr. Dominique Revet
UNFCCC Secretariat

Abstract

The Conference of the Parties (COP) at its 17th session adopted the guidelines for the
preparation of biennial update reports (BURs) from non-Annex I Parties. These guidelines,
contained in decision 2/CP.17 and its annex III, outline the objectives and scope of theinformation to be reported. The COP decided that non-Annex I Parties, consistent with theircapabilities and the level of support provided for reporting, should submit their first BUR by
December 2014, and that the least developed country Parties and small island developing
States may submit BURs at their discretion.
COP 17 also decided that non-Annex I Parties shall submit a BUR every two years, either as asummary of parts of their national communication in the year in which the national
communication is submitted or as a stand-alone update report.
The Consultative Group of Experts on National Communications from Parties not included in
Annex I to the Convention (CGE) developed in 2014, as per its 2014-2018 work programme,a set of training materials to facilitate the preparation of BURs. The CGE also organized three
regional training workshops, between July 2014 and February 2015, where those training
materials were used.

References

UNFCCC website
CGE web pages

Access to relevant information
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/training_material/methodological_doc
uments/items/7915.php
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/training_material/methodological_doc
uments/items/349.php
http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2011/cop17/eng/09a01.pdf#page=39―15―

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Abstracts

Updates on the preparation of Biennial Update Reports from non-Annex I
Parties and relevant requirements and available resources
Mr. Dominique Revet
UNFCCC Secretariat

Abstract

The process of international consultation and analysis (ICA) consists of two steps: (1) the
technical analysis of BURs and (2) a facilitative sharing of views among Parties. The process
aims to enhance the transparency and accountability of information reported in BURs by
non-Annex I Parties. The technical analysis of BURs will be conducted by a team of technicalexperts (TTE) and will be initiated within six months of submission to the secretariat.
COP 17 adopted the modalities and guidelines for ICA.
(a) The first rounds of ICA will be conducted for developing country Parties, commencing
within six months of the submission of the first round of BURs by developing country Parties;(b) The frequency of participation in subsequent rounds of ICA by developing country Parties,
based on their respective capabilities and national circumstances, and special flexibility forsmall island developing States and the least developed country Parties, will be determined by
the frequency of the submission of BURs;(c) To revise the modalities and guidelines prescribed herein based on experiences gained in
the first round of ICA, no later than 2017;(d) That small island developing States and the least developed country Parties
may undergo ICA as a group of Parties at their discretion.
Pursuant to decision 20/CP.19, paragraph 4, the Consultative Group of Experts on National
Communications from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention (CGE), developed a
training programme for the technical experts nominated to the UNFCCC roster of experts
who, upon successful completion of this training, shall be eligible to be part of the team oftechnical experts, to undertake the technical analysis of submitted biennial update reports(BURs).
This first round of training was successfully conducted in April and May 2015.
The training programme covers three clusters of training materials: (1) provisions onreporting information in the BURs and conducting technical analysis of BURs under theinternational consultation and analysis (ICA) process; (2) background materials covering
methods and science on key themes addressed in BURs, and (3) provisions relevant to thetechnical analysis of a technical annex containing information on results-based actions
relating to REDD-plus activities.

References
UNFCCC website
International Consultation and Analysis web pages

Access to relevant information
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/reporting_on_climate_change/items/8
722.php
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/cge/items/8621.php
http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2011/cop17/eng/09a01.pdf#page=43―16―

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Status of India’s first Biennial Update Report (BUR)
Sumana Bhattacharya
ICSD, India

Abstract
India is a Party to the UNFCCC. Towards fulfilment of its obligations under UNFCCC, India
has submitted its 2 National communications, namely 1 and 2 in 2004 and 2012 respectively.
It is in the process of finalizing its first Biennial Update Report. The reporting is being done
as per paragraph 60 of decision 1/CP 16. The BUR is being prepared by Ministry ofEnvironment and Forests and Climate Change. The first BUR will contain information on:-National circumstances;-GHG inventory-Mitigation Actions-Financial, Technology and Capacity Building Needs and support received
Domestic measurements, reporting and verification arrangements and-Additional information.
About 27 institutions who are also part of the Indian Network for Climate Change Assessment(INCCA) have contributed towards the various elements being reported. The report has gone
through various steps of review, including peer review by participating experts, third party
review, review by the different line ministries, review by the steering committee. Currently it
is in the final stages of approval by the government before its submitted to UNFCCC. Cycle
for developing the 2nd BUR and 3rd NATCOM already has started. The continuous
engagement towards preparation of NATCOM and now BUR have provided India theopportunity for enhancing the quality of information provided and building capacity toaddress climate change.

References
India’s Initial National Communication to UNFCCC
India’s 2nd National Communication to UNFCCC

Access to relevant information
unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/indnc1.pdf
unfccc.int/resource/docs/natc/indnc2.pdf―17―

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Abstracts

3.3 Session II
Overviewing of the first BUR and the preparation for publishing of
National GHG Inventory System in Vietnam
Nguyen Phuong Nam1, Nguyen Trong Nghia2, Nguyen Hong Hanh3
1
Center for Technology Responding to Climate Change,
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment2
Institute for industrial policies and Strategies, Ministry of Industry and Trade
3
Center for Hydro-meteorology, National Hydro-Meteorological Service of Vietnam

Abstract
Vietnam is a non-Annex I country, but we are showing our effort to contribute to solving the
global challenges in Climate Change. The first Bienal Updated Report (BUR1) was submitted
to UNFCCC in the December 9th, 2014 and that submission of Vietnam seemed to be one of thefirst contries in the world. The BUR1 has been conducted by Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironment (MONRE), under the light of governmental policies issued to respond to climatechange at national level. Decision No. 44/QD-TTg dated January 8th, 2014 by the Prime
Minister expressed our strong will when approving the 2014 Policy Matrix under the Support
Program to Respond to Climate Change (SP-RCC) to implement the BUR1 as one of the urgent
activity last year. In general, the BUR1 contains four chapters with mainly reporting of theGreeenhouse Gas (GHG) emision inventory of Vietnam for the based year of 2010. Besides,
mitigation activities which were supported by international organizations in term of financial
and technical support, and capacity building for Vietnam, were also mentioned in highlight.
Methodology for GHG inventory of BUR1 was including the revised 1996 Guidelines ofIntergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Good Practices Guidance (GPG) 2000
and GPG-LULUCF 2003. Activity data was collected from General Statistic Office (GSO),
related Ministries and agencies, research institutes, entrepreneur. Institutional arrangements for
GHG Inventory for the base years 2005 and 2010 was created by Department of Meteorology,
Hydrology and Climate Change (DMHCC) under MONRE which ran by the projectedmechanism with Technical Assistance (TA) support of JICA. Emission factors (EFs) for almost
all sectors and sub-sectors were based on the IPPC default values. Only for rice cultivation
sub-sectors, we used the country specific EFs.
The 2010 GHG Inventory resulted in the total of 246 millions tons CO2-eq (including
LULUCF) and 266 millions tons CO2-eq (excluding LULUCF) showed that GHG emisionfrom enrgy sector took the largest share( 53.1%), and agriculture sector took the second largest(33.2%). The IP sector and waste sector took 8.0% and 5.7%, respectively. In a comparision
with the GHG emision in the base years 1994, the total amount increased rapidly from 103.8
millions tons CO2-eq to 246.8 millions tons CO2-eq, with enrgy sector claimed the frist placewhen increaseing by 5.5 times higher. With the same tendency, the increase of total GHG
emision is perdicted by the projection and it shows that, for the year 2020 and 2030 the total
amount of GHG emission would be 381 millions tons CO2-eq and 648 millions tons CO2-eq
respectively.
The BUR1 also reported existing GHG mitigation activities in Vietnam. 253 CDM projects
have been registered by the Executive Board (EB) with total GHG emission reduction of 137
million tons CO2-eq (rank 4th in the world). 11 PoAs have been registered by EB from which
received more than 10 million of CERs issued by EB (rank 11th in the world). On the other
hand, gaps and constraints of Vietnam were given in the last chapter with the issues of financial,―18―─ 18 ─

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technology and capacity needs and support received for climate change activities. The largest
gap is the National GHG Inventory System (NIS) has not been officially established and a legal
foundation for responsibilities of ministries and stakeholders in GHG Inventory was
insufficient. Consequently, a research of DMHCC under Decision No. 1579 of MONRE
Minister dated September 5th 2013 has tried to propose a suitable NIS for implementation of
GHG inventory annually. Moreover, the preparation of Vietnam to publish the NIS is allocatedby a policy action in the Policy Matrix of 2015 approving by the Decision No. 1277/QD-TTg
dated July 8th, 2014 by the Prime Minister. The published NIS in 2016 will strengthen theimplementation of GHG inventory in recent.

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Abstracts

BUR of the Republic of Korea
Jongchul Bang
Greenhouse Gas Inventory & Research Center of Korea

Abstract
According to the decision taken by the 17th Conference of the Parties in Durban, non-Annex I
Parties are requested to prepare and submit Biennial Update Report (BUR) every 2 years.
Submission of the first BUR was expected by Dec 2014. Only 13 countries, however, havesubmitted their first BURs to the UNFCCC as of Mar 2015, which implies that still many
developing countries seem to face difficulty in preparing the report.
This presentation will introduce the overall process for preparing national reports by the
Republic of Korea for the purpose of sharing Korea’s experience with other non-Annex I
Parties that are planning to produce their own BURs. Several experts from government
ministries and research institutes had participated in drawing up the report, and Greenhouse
Gas Inventory and Research Center of Korea (GIR) played a central role in coordinating thewhole process. Moreover, issues and questions raised by international experts concerning the
BUR will also be discussed in the presentation. Up to now, Korea has received twoquestionnaires during the technical analysis process from experts of the UNFCCC, and theanswers to the first questionnaire have submitted as of Jul 2015.
BUR contains several topics including national GHG inventory, mitigation actions and effects,
financial assistance, technology transfer and so forth. However it should be noted that thecontent will mainly describe mitigation actions and effects providing the latest information
including relevant key policies such as Target Management Scheme (TMS) and Emission
Trading Scheme (ETS), and National GHG Mitigation Roadmap.

Access to relevant information
http://www.gir.go.kr/eng/―20―

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Technical Analysis of BURs, as Part of
the International Consultation and Analysis (ICA) Process
Kiyoto Tanabe
Technical Support Unit for the Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC TFI TSU),
Member of UNFCCC Consultative Group of Experts on National Communications from
Parties not Included in Annex I to the Convention (CGE)

Abstract
International consultation and analysis (ICA) of biennial update reports (BURs) is an
important process aiming to increase the transparency of mitigation actions and their effects
by the Parties not included in Annex I to the UNFCCC (non-Annex I Parties). It should be
conducted in a manner that is nonintrusive, non-punitive and respectful of nationalsovereignty, through technical analysis by teams of technical experts (TTEs) in consultation
with the Party concerned and through a facilitative sharing of views.
The first round of technical analysis took place in May 2015, where 11 BURs were analyzed
by 4 TTEs. This presentation explains the basics of technical analysis process, and gives somepieces of advice from a viewpoint of technical expert to the WGIA participants, based on theexperience gained through the first round of technical analysis.
 It is important to clarify in the BUR what have been updated and what will be updated in
the next submission. In particular, the information on what need to be improved isimportant for identification of capacity building needs and for continuous improvement.
 It is necessary to provide basic information transparently in BUR (preferably in NIR). A
national GHG inventory which is not transparent will result in superficial technicalanalysis which is not useful to the Party itself.
 It is important to be well prepared for questions and answers before and during the weekof technical analysis. Availability of relevant players (data providers, etc.) should beensured so as to enable timely answers to questions from the TTE.
 It is advisable to take advantage of tele-conference with the TTE during the TA week.
Good communication with the TTE is crucial to identification of capacity building needs,
which will enable continuous and efficient improvement of national GHG inventory.

References
Decision 17/CP.8 “Guidelines for the preparation of national communications from Parties
not included in Annex I to the Convention”
Decision 2/CP.17 “Outcome of the work of the Ad Hoc Working Group on Long-term
Cooperative Action under the Convention”

Access to relevant information
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/non-annex_i_natcom/items/2716.php―21―

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3.
3.Abstracts
Abstracts

Japan’s Experience：The International Assessment and Review (IAR) ,with a Focus on Multilateral Assessment (MA)
Tsubasa Tomita
Ministry of the Environment, Japan

Abstract
Biennial Reports (BR) submitted by Annex I Parties are subject to the International
Assessment and Review (IAR) in accordance with the Decision 2/CP.17. The IAR consists of
two processes which are Technical Review (TR) and Multilateral Assessment (MA).
The objectives of the IAR are, with a view to promoting comparability and building
confidence, review of the progress made in achieving emission reductions, assessment of theprovision of financial, technical and capacity-building support to developing countries, andassessment of emissions and removals related to quantified economy-wide emission reduction
targets under the SBI.
Japan submitted its 6th National Communication (NC6) and first Biennial Report (BR1) tothe UNFCCC at 27th December, 2013. The TR for BR1 and in-depth review for NC6 wereconducted from 6 to 10 Oct, 2014, in Tokyo, Japan (in-country review). At MA Q&A stage,
during between 1 and 31 March 2015, Japan received 32 questions from 10 Parties. And, theMA session for Japan was held at 4 June 2015 during the SBI42 in Bonn, Germany. Japan’s
MA session was about 50 minutes. Japan received a lot of questions from 10 Parties.
Japan could obtain useful suggestions on the quality improvement of BR2 which will be
submitted by the end of 2015 through communication with the ERT and other Parties during
the IAR process. Also, Japan could explain Japan’s climate change policies to theinternational society through the presentation and Q&As at MA. MA is a valuable opportunitythat a Party can explain its climate change policy and national circumstances at an official andopen place under the UNFCCC. Japan’s institutional arrangement such as the cooperation andcollaboration between MOEJ and relevant ministries for the reporting and policy development
was enhanced, too.
Party could gain various fruitful learning from the IAR process by trying to utilize thisopportunity positively. The objective of ICA for developing countries is different from that of
IAR. However, developing countries could gain useful experiences through the ICA process
in the same way as Japan since the process of both are similar.
It is preferable that each country aim to introduce its actions to tackle climate change tointernational society as much as possible, enhances its institutional arrangement and capacity
related to the reporting, and improves the quality of the future BUR and NC using thisvaluable opportunity.

Access to relevant information
http://www.env.go.jp/en/index.html
http://unfccc.int/national_reports/biennial_reports_and_iar/items/8825.php―22―

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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

3.4 Session III“Towards continuous annual reporting of National Inventory”--- Japan’s Experience --Akira
AkiraOSAKO
Osako
GIO, Japan

Abstract
Consistency is one of five important elements in preparation of the national GHG inventory.
The objectives of consistency required are usually internal consistency for all reported years
in all its elements across sectors, categories and gasses within one submission of the inventory.
However the consistency between each submission year has also become important, because
the biennial update report became mandate for the Non-annex I countries. In this presentation,
based on the experience that the continuous annual reporting of the inventory in these several
years was effective for the consistency between each yearly submission, Japan explains whichelements in inventory compilation procedures were effective for the continuous annual
reporting.
Based on the experience in the past, Japan considers that the major elements effective forcontinuous annual reporting of the inventory are; (1) Institutional arrangements, (2) Inventory
submission schedule, and (3) Inventory compilation procedures.
(1) In developing the institutional arrangement, all related organizations and persons andtheir roles should be clearly identified without omission or duplication, and all persons
involved should understand their roles.
(2) In developing the inventory submission schedule, all major works should be initiallylisted up in sequence, and each progress of the actual work should be checked against theinitial schedule. If there was big difference, the schedule should be revised for next
submission.
(3) In developing the inventory compilation procedures, the information on all necessarydata, the owners of the data, each data requesting work, etc. should be obtained andsummarized by the entity in charge, and the various rules for emission estimation files
should be set so that every inventory related personnel can easily understand theestimation. Also all the related documents made and used for the inventory compilation
should be collected and archived concentratedly in one place, where the related staffs caneasily access at any time.
Japan believes that the above information obtained by Japanese experience is also effective
for the continuous annual reporting of national inventories by WGIA attending countries.

Access to relevant information“National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of Japan, April, 2015” by Ministry of theenvironment, Japan and Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan (GIO), CGER, NIES
(http://www-gio.nies.go.jp/aboutghg/nir/2015/NIR-JPN-2015-v3.0_web.pdf)―23―

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3.
3.Abstracts
Abstracts

For consistence in China Greenhouse Gas Inventory
Su Mingshan
Department of Statistics and Assessment, NCSC, China

Abstract
The national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removal by sinks of all
GHGs is the main part of BUR. Decision 2/CP.17 adopted by the seventeenth session of theConference of the Parties (COP) of the UNFCCC stipulates that “non-Annex I Parties,
consistent with their capabilities and the level of support provided for reporting, should
submit their first biennial update report by December 2014. In using the Guidelines,
non-Annex I Parties should take into account their development priorities, objectives,
capacities and national circumstances. Non-Annex I Parties shall submit a biennial update
report every two years, either as a summary of parts of their national communication in theyear in which the national communication is submitted or as a stand-alone update report. The
first biennial update report submitted by non-Annex I Parties shall cover, at a minimum, theinventory for the calendar year no more than four years prior to the date of the submission, or
more recent years if information is available, and that subsequent biennial update reports shallcover a calendar year that does not precede the submission date by more than four years”.
Decision 2/CP.17 provides guideline for preparation of the biennial update reports from
Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention. One objective of the guideline is toencourage the presentation of information in a consistent, transparent, complete, accurate andtimely manner, taking into account specific national and domestic circumstances.
China greenhouse gas inventory team pays attention to it in the 2005 inventory in second
national communication. We applied same methodology to that in 1994 inventory in firstnational communication. On the other hand, we have built a stable national inventory team toprepare China GHG inventory.
The team pays attention to it in the 2010 and 2012 inventory in third national communication
capacity building project also. To prepare biennial update report NDRC of China applied to
GEF for support in 2014. Prepare of 2010 GHG Inventory and 2012 GHG Inventory is themain work scopes in the project. According the experience in INC and SNC, inventory
prepare for TNC will be done by a team comprised of experts in different fields. Therefore, 6
subcontracts are designed related to inventory preparation. According the UNDP procedure,
Inventory for Energy Activity is subcontracted to NCSC. Inventory for IPPU is subcontracted
to Tsinghua University. Inventory for Agriculture is subcontracted to China Academy ofAgriculture Science and Institute of Atmospheric Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Inventory for LUCF is subcontracted to Forest Ecology & Environment Institute of Chinese
Academy of Forestry. Inventory for Waste Management is subcontracted to Chinese Research
Academy of Environmental Sciences. Inventory database update is subcontracted to NCSC.
Consistency and recalculation are project activities of energy inventory, industrial process
inventory, agriculture inventory, land use, land use change and forestry inventory, waste
management inventory.
Strengthen China basic statistics to better measure greenhouse gas emissions will improveconsistency. The establishment of NCSC will improve stability and capacity of China
inventory team and, as a result, will improve consistency of inventory.

References

ERI/NCSC, China 973 Program Report on climate change statistics, 2012.
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GER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES
CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Institutional
Institutional Arrangements
Arrangements forfor
MakingMaking Continuous
Continuous GHG
GHG Inventory
Inventory ofof BUR
BUR

Yap,
Yap, Kok-Seng
Kok-Seng
Ministryof
NaturalResources
Ministry of Natural Resources andand Environment
Environment Malaysia
Malaysia

Abstract
AbstractA
incorporates all
A national
national GHG
GHG inventory
inventory systemsystem incorporates
all thethe elements
elements necessary
necessary toto estimate
estimate GHG
GHG
emissionsandsinks.
This
ranges
from
the
need
of
a
centralcoordination
agency,emissions and sinks. This ranges from the need of a central coordination agency,
arrangements
arrangements between
between agency
agency andand institutions,institutions, identification
identification ofof technicaltechnical experts,
experts, procedures
proceduresforinventory
development,
inventory
reportingtoinventoryarchiving.
for inventory development, inventory reporting to inventory archiving. In
In Malaysia,
Malaysia, thetheinstitutionalarrangementsfornational
GHG
Inventory
is
based
on
sectoralworkinggroups,institutional arrangements for national GHG Inventory is based on sectoral working groups,
these
these being
being forfor energy,
energy, industrial
industrial processes,
processes, agriculture,
agriculture, LULUCF
LULUCF andand waste
waste sectors.
sectors. The
The
centralcoordination
agencyistheDivisionforEnvironmental
Management
andClimatecentral coordination agency is the Division for Environmental Management and Climate
ChangeChange at
at thethe Ministry
Ministry ofof Natural
Natural Resources
Resources andand Environment,
Environment, Malaysia.
Malaysia. The
The sectoral
sectoral leads
leads
are
InstituteofEnergyPolicyandResearch
of
UNITEN(auniversity)fortheenergyare Institute of Energy Policy and Research of UNITEN (a university) for the energy andandindustrial
industrial processes
processes sectors,
sectors, Malaysian
Malaysian Agriculture
Agriculture Research
Research andand Development
Development Institute
Institute(MARDI)(MARDI) forfor thethe agriculture
agriculture sector,
sector, Forest
Forest Research
Research Institute
Institute ofof Malaysia
Malaysia (FRIM)(FRIM) forfor thethe
LULUCF
LULUCF sector
sector andand thethe Department
Department ofof Environment
Environment forfor thethe waste
waste sector.
sector.
Availability
Availability ofof thethe required
required data
data remains
remains aa challenge
challenge forfor thethe GHG
GHG estimation.
estimation. While
While most
most ofoftherequired
data
are
based
on
compiledandpublishednational
statistics,
data
the required data are based on compiled and published national statistics, data forfor thetheindustrial
industrial processes
processes sectors
sectors have
have toto be
be sourced
sourced fromfrom thethe individual
individual companies.
companies. A
A numbernumber ofofthethe companies
companies require
require non-disclosure
non-disclosure agreements
agreements (NDA)(NDA) toto be
be signed
signed before
before thethe sensitive
sensitive
data
data areare released
released forfor thethe GHG
GHG estimation.
estimation. Consistency
Consistency ofof publishedpublished national
national statistics
statistics and
and
those
those publishedpublished byby international
international organisationsorganisations is
is another
another area
area ofof concern.
concern.
The
The GHG
GHG reporting
reporting follows
follows closely
closely thethe transparency,transparency, accuracy,
accuracy, completeness,completeness, consistency
consistency andandcomparability(TACCC)
principles.
Apart
from
internal
qualityassurance
andqualitycontrol,
comparability (TACCC) principles. Apart from internal quality assurance and quality control,
reviews
reviews by
by experts
experts areare also
also sought
sought whereverwherever possible.
possible. Documentation
Documentation ofof thethe national
national GHG
GHG
inventory
system
is
based
on
the
USEPA
templates.
inventory system is based on the USEPA templates.
Archiving
Archiving ofof thethe GHG
GHG data
data andand GHG
GHG inventory
inventory reports
reports areare currently
currently based
based onon flatflat file
file
structureandthese
consistof
3
categories,
the
raw
data,
calculation
excel
sheetsbasedonstructure and these consist of 3 categories, the raw data, calculation excel sheets based on thetherevisedrevised 1996
1996 IPCC
IPCC guidelines
guidelines andand thethe inventory
inventory reports.
reports. For
For thethe Third
Third National
National
Communication
Communication thethe 2006
2006 IPCC
IPCC Guidelines
Guidelines forfor National
National GHG
GHG Inventories
Inventories andand software
software will
will
be
be usedused forfor thethe GHG
GHG inventory
inventory estimation.
estimation.
Plans
Plans forfor improvement
improvement includes
includes having
having NDAs
NDAs with
with thethe required
required data
data provides,
provides, rationalizing
rationalizingofdata
inconsistencies
betweennationalandinternational
data
sets,
trainingof data inconsistencies between national and international data sets, training ofof aa larger
larger pool
pool
of
GHG
inventorycompilers
andexploringofareview
processwith
WGIA
experts.
of GHG inventory compilers and exploring of a review process with WGIA experts.

―25―
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3.
3.Abstracts
Abstracts

3. Abstracts

ThailandThailand Institutional
Institutional Arrangement
Arrangement forfor GHG
GHG Inventory
Inventory

Natthanich
Natthanich Asvapoositkul
Asvapoositkul
OfficeOffice ofof Natural
Natural Resources
Resources and Environmental Policy
Policy andand Planning
Planning (ONEP),(ONEP), Thailand
Thailand

Abstract
Abstract

ThailandThailand had
had submitted
submitted thethe Initial
Initial National
National Communication
Communication (INC)(INC) andand Second
Second National
National
Communication
(SNC)
in
2000
and
2011
respectively.
The
first
National
Inventoryas
Communication (SNC) in 2000 and 2011 respectively. The first National Inventory as part
part ofofINC
wasestimatedthegreenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissionofThailand
in
1994
and
the
secondINC was estimated the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission of Thailand in 1994 and the second
National
National Inventory
Inventory as
as partpart ofof SNC
SNC waswas estimatedestimated thethe GHG
GHG emission
emission ofof Thailand
Thailand inin 2000
2000 andandalso
estimatedtheGHG
emission
trend
from
2000
to
2004.
The
estimationof
GHG
inventory
also estimated the GHG emission trend from 2000 to 2004. The estimation of GHG inventory
inin thethe past
past based
based onon thethe data
data we
we compliedcomplied fromfrom related
related agencies
agencies andand thenthen estimatedestimated thetheemissionfor
each
sector.
Since
most
of
related
data
using
for
GHG
inventory
estimation
were
emission for each sector. Since most of related data using for GHG inventory estimation werenot
not archiving
archiving andand somesome ofof themthem were
were notnot collectedcollected continuously.
continuously. Consequently,
Consequently, we
weencountered
with
some
discreteandmissing
data
in
some
years.
encountered with some discrete and missing data in some years.
In
In accordance
accordance with
with Articles
Articles 44 andand 1212 ofof thethe Climate
Climate Change
Change Convention,
Convention, non-Annex
non-Annex II Parties
Partiesandthedecision
2/CP17oftheUnitedNations
Framework
Conventiononand the decision 2/CP17 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Climate Change,
Change,non-Annex
non-Annex II Parties
Parties toto thethe Convention
Convention have
have toto submit
submit thethe reporting
reporting ofof national
national
communications
andthebiennial
updatereportwhich
areincludingthecommunications and the biennial update report which are including the two
two mainmain
components,
components, national
national GHG
GHG inventories
inventories andand thethe nationally
nationally appropriate
appropriate mitigation
mitigation action
actionimplemented
implemented byby thethe non-Annex
non-Annex II Parties,
Parties, toto thethe UNFCCC
UNFCCC secretariat.
secretariat. Thailand
Thailand recognizes
recognizes thetheurgencyneedfornational
GHG
inventory
institutionalarrangement,
thus
we
start
urgency need for national GHG inventory institutional arrangement, thus we start toto establish
establishthethe national
national GHG
GHG inventory
inventory databasedatabase schema
schema forfor compiling
compiling thethe data
data related
related to
to GHG
GHG inventory
inventory
estimation.
The
officeof
NaturalResourcesandEnvironmental
PolicyandPlanning
estimation. The office of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP)(ONEP)
who
responsibleforpreparing
NC
and
BUR
is
currently
studying
thestatusof
who responsible for preparing NC and BUR is currently studying the status of existing
existing
activity
activity data
data thatthat will
will bebe utilized
utilized forfor GHG
GHG emission
emission estimation,
estimation, andand identify
identify thethe agencies
agencies who
who
will
be
responsiblefordatacollecting.
Then
we
first
establish
the
data
flow
diagram.
Aswill be responsible for data collecting. Then we first establish the data flow diagram. As ourourplan
plan ONEP
ONEP will
will responsible
responsible forfor thethe data
data center
center archiving
archiving forfor all
all activities
activities data
data fromfrom 55 leading
leadingagencies
agencies andand dodo thethe calculation
calculation forfor GHG
GHG inventory.
inventory. The
The leading
leading agencies
agencies ofof 55 sectors
sectors fromfromrelatedministries
anddepartmentsareministryofenergy,ministryofindustry,
related ministries and departments are ministry of energy, ministry of industry, ministry
ministry ofofagriculture,
agriculture, royal
royal forestry
forestry department
department andand pollution
pollution control
control department
department (under(under thethe ministry
ministry ofofnaturalresourcesandenvironment).
natural resources and environment).
Recently,
Recently, this
this GHG
GHG databasedatabase schema
schema has
has been
been approved
approved byby thethe National
National Board
Board onon Climate
ClimateChangePolicyandwillbesubmitted
tothecabinet
soon
then
we
can
proceedChange Policy and will be submitted to the cabinet soon then we can proceed toto thethe next
next
processes.
processes.

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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

3.5 Session IV
Overview of “Sub-project 3 of Project of Capacity Development for Climate
Change Strategies in Indonesia”
Hiroyuki
HiroyukiUEDA
Ueda
Short term expert, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Abstract
In order to support Indonesia’s effort and challenge to tackle the issues of climate change,
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is conducting a technical cooperation,“Project of Capacity Development for Climate Change Strategies in Indonesia” from 2010 to2015 with Indonesian counterparts. Under this project, “Sub-project 3 of Project of Capacity
Development for Climate Change Strategies in Indonesia (SP3 project)” is implemented tosupport GHG inventory activity in Indonesia from 2011 to 2015.
Main focuses of the SP3 project are:-Establish national system for National GHG Inventory-

Increase capacity in the periodic and systematic data collection and data compilation for
national GHG inventories-

Increase accuracy and reliability of GHG inventory for each sector (Energy, IPPU,
Agriculture, LULUCF, Waste)This presentation introduces progress and achievements of the SP3 project.

Access to relevant information-

Web page of JICA Project of Capacity Development for Climate Change Strategies inIndonesia (http://www.greenclimateproject.org/)―27―

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3.
3.Abstracts
Abstracts

JICA Effort to Mitigate Climate Change in Forest and Land Sector inIndonesia - IJ-REDD+ Project Shigeru Takahara
Chief Adviser/Forest & REDD+ Policy
IJ-REDD+ Project, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Abstract
1. Background
The area of tropical forests in Indonesia is the third largest in the world providing richbiodiversity and ecosystem services. JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) has along history of cooperation in Indonesia in the field of forest management and biodiversity
conservation.
Recently, forests and peat land in tropical regions draw global attention as one of major
sources of GHG emission. Reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation(REDD+) has emerged as a potential mechanism for tackling this issue and Indonesia isrecognized as one of the leading countries for establishing REDD+.
2. Outline of IJ-REDD+ Project“Indonesia-Japan Project for Development of REDD+ Implementation Mechanism(IJ-REDD+)” is a technical cooperation project between Ministry of Environment andForestry, Republic of Indonesia, and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) for 3
years starting June 2013. IJ-REDD+ is aiming to support development of REDD+ mechanism
and its enabling conditions in Indonesia through integrated approach of national, sub-nationaland site levels.
Target provinces of IJ-REDD+ will be West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. Kalimantan
island is characterized with rich forest resources and fast deforestation rate. Both provinces
have significant area of peat land, and, therefore, sustainable management of forests and peat
land is a key to reduce emission reduction. In West Kalimantan, four districts, i.e. Ketapang,
Kayong Utara, Kubu Raya, and Mempawah, are targeted districts of IJ-REDD+. In site level,
Gunung Palung National Park and its landscape are the pilot site for developing a REDD+
model.
3. Purpose and Output of IJ-REDD+
Project purpose of IJ-REDD+ is to develop REDD+ implementation mechanism in West andCentral Kalimantan. There are five outputs of IJ-REDD+. Activities are conducted according
to the following 5 outputs;
Output 1: To support establishing the provincial level REDD+ mechanism including base map
making and REL analysis for 4 districts, support for socialization and implementation ofProvincial REDD+ Strategy.
Output 2: To support developing a REDD+ model in national park (Gunung Palung National
Park) and its landscape, including collaborative management with communities in terms ofconservation and sustainable management of forest, carbon monitoring, social andenvironmental safeguards, formulation of REDD+ Project Design Document.
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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Output 3: To support developing REDD+ models in production forests, protection forest andnon-forest land.
Output 4: Activities under output 4 are carried out in Central Kalimantan, particularly focusedon peatland MRV, including formulation of manual and trial calculation of estimation ofpeatland emission, utilizing the model of JICA-JST Project on Wild Fire and Carbon
Management in Peat Forest (Hokkaido University)
Output 5: Activities under output 5 are conducted in national level and aimed to make thefindings of IJ-REDD+ be referred to in the development of national level REDD+
mechanism.

―29―

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3.
3.Abstracts
Abstracts

Capacity development activities in support of National Greenhouse Gas
Inventory by FAOMirella Salvatore, Rocío Dánica Cóndor-Golec, Fred Snijders, Heather Jacobs Monitoringand Assessment of GHG Emissions and Mitigation Potential in Agriculture, Climate, Energy
and Tenure Division
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Abstract

Agriculture faces major challenges under climate change. Projected changes in environmental
conditions will affect the growing conditions of crops, livestock, fish and trees and thereby
the livelihood, the food security of people, often the poorest. At the same time, theagricultural sectors also contribute to the emissions of greenhouse gasses and offer
opportunities to sequester carbon.
In recent years, FAO developed the climate-smart agriculture (CSA) approach to addressthese interlinkages between food security and climate change. It is based on three objectives:
sustainably increasing agricultural productivity and incomes; adapting and building resilience
to climate change; and reducing and/or removing greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, where
possible.
FAO has been actively engaged in enhancing the knowledge on GHG emissions in the
agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector, and in better quantifying thecontribution of the sector to overall global emissions. One achievement of these efforts is the
FAOSTAT Emissions database, the first database that provides yearly a full set of national
AFOLU emissions estimates at global level.
At national level, significant challenges in monitoring and reporting GHG emissions from the
AFOLU sector continue to hinder progress in determining and refining these estimates,
especially in countries where the AFOLU sector represents a key component of the national
economy and a driver of economic development. Considerable support to enhance capacity isneeded to help these countries successfully address the reporting requirements of the
UNFCCC, plan effective climate change responses and access international funding.
Through the Monitoring and Assessment of GHG Emissions and Mitigation Potential in
Agriculture project, FAO has been providing dedicated support at regional, sub-regional, andnational level. These activities include: facilitating national processes for institutionalarrangements; providing guidance on national statistical processes for advancing datacollection; giving technical assistance for developing a tier-1 National GHG Gas Inventory;
performing quality assurance processes; and supporting the process for the formulation,
implementation and monitoring of INDCs and NAMAs. While implementing these activities,
FAO promotes synergies and complementarity with relevant international agencies andinitiatives, including UNFCCC, UN-REDD Programme, IPCC and UNDP.
FAO has generated guidance and tools that can support countries in improving theirinventories. The Manual for developing the AFOLU components of a Tier 1 National GHG
Inventory and the release of the upcoming AFOLU Emissions Analysis Tools and E-learning
Course on Building a National GHG Gas Inventory for Agriculture and Land Use will further
supplement this growing suite of support products.

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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

References
FAO, 2015. Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Agriculture: A Manual to Address Data
Requirements for Developing Countries, Rome (http://www.fao.org/3/a-i4260e.pdf).
Tubiello, F. N., Salvatore, M., Ferrara, A. F., House, J., Federici, S., Rossi, S., Biancalani, R.,
Condor Golec, R. D., Jacobs, H., Flammini, A., Prosperi, P., Cardenas-Galindo, P.,
Schmidhuber, J., Sanz Sanchez, M. J., Srivastava, N. and Smith, P., 2015. The Contribution ofAgriculture, Forestry and other Land Use activities to Global Warming, 1990–2012, Global
Change Biology, 21 (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.12865/ abstract).
FAO, 2014. Agriculture, forestry and other land use emissions by sources and removals by
sink, ESS Working Paper No. 2, Rome (http://www.fao.org/3/a-i3671e.pdf).
Tubiello, F. N., Salvatore, M., Rossi, S., Ferrara, A., Fitton, N., Smith, P., 2013. The FAOSTAT
database of greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, Environmental Research Letters 8(http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/8/1/015009).

Access to relevant information
Monitoring and Assessment of GHG Emissions and Mitigation Potential in Agriculture
Project website: http://www.fao.org/climatechange/micca/ghg/en/
FAOSTAT Emissions database: http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/G1/*/E
Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use in Asia
Infographic: http://www.fao.org/resources/infographics/infographics-details/en/c/271649/
Climate-Smart Agriculture: http://www.fao.org/climatechange/micca/ghg/en/―31―─ 31 ─

3.
Abstracts
3.
3.Abstracts
Abstracts

IPCC
IPCC TFI:TFI: Recent
Recent Activities
Activities
Baasansuren Jamsranjav
Baasansuren Jamsranjav

Technical
Technical Support
Support Unit,
Unit, IPCC
IPCC TFI
TFI

Abstract
Abstract

The
The IPCC
IPCC Task
Task Force
Force onon National
National Greenhouse
Greenhouse Gas
Gas Inventories
Inventories (TFI)(TFI) develops
develops andand promotes
promotesthethe IPCC
IPCC guidelines
guidelines andand relevant
relevant tools
tools forfor estimation
estimation andand reporting
reporting ofof national
national greenhousegreenhousegas
gas emissions/removals.
emissions/removals.

The
The TFITFI developed
developed two
two new
new methodologicalmethodological reports
reports inin response
response toto thethe invitation
invitation fromfrom
UNFCCC:UNFCCC: “2013“2013 Supplement
Supplement toto thethe 2006
2006 IPCC
IPCC Guidelines
Guidelines forfor National
National Greenhouse
Greenhouse Gas
Gas
Inventories:
Inventories: Wetlands”
Wetlands” andand "2013"2013 Revised
Revised Supplementary
Supplementary Methods
Methods andand Good
Good Practice
Practice
Guidancefrom the Kyoto Protocol”. These reports were adopted/ accepted at IPCC
Guidance Arising
Arising
th from the Kyoto Protocol”. These reports were adopted/ accepted at IPCC
Plenary
Plenary atat itsits 3737th Session
Session inin Batumi,
Batumi, Georgia
Georgia inin October
October 2013,2013, andand published.
published.

The
The work
work onon technicaltechnical assessment
assessment ofof IPCC
IPCC Inventory
Inventory Guidelines
Guidelines isis ongoing,
ongoing, andand itit aims
aims totoassesswherescienceanddata
availability
havedeveloped
sufficiently
since
the
2006
IPCC
assess where science and data availability have developed sufficiently since the 2006 IPCC
Guidelines
Guidelines toto support
support thethe refinement
refinement oror development
development ofof methodologicalmethodological advice
advice forfor specificspecific
categories
andgases,
with
a
view
to
identifying
any
specificareas
orissuestobeprioritized.
categories and gases, with a view to identifying any specific areas or issues to be prioritized.
Another
Another aim
aim ofof thethe work
work isis toto conduct
conduct technicaltechnical assessment
assessment on
on cross-sectoral
cross-sectoral issues,
issues, including
including
improvementofuser-friendlinessof
IPCC
inventory
tools
with
a
view
to
contributing
improvement of user-friendliness of IPCC inventory tools with a view to contributing totocapacity
capacity development
development programmes.
programmes.

The
The work
work toto maintain
maintain andand improve
improve thethe IPCC
IPCC Emission
Emission Factor
Factor Database
Database (EFDB)(EFDB) andand IPCC
IPCC
Inventory
Softwarehas
been
progressing
(e.g.
new
data
have
been
added
to
the
EFDB,
Inventory Software has been progressing (e.g. new data have been added to the EFDB, expert
expertmeetings
meetings have
have been
been organized).
organized).
TheThe TFITFI isis continuing
continuing its
its otherother activities
activities supporting
supporting users
users ofof thethe IPCC
IPCC Guidelines
Guidelines andandcontributing
contributing toto inventory-related
inventory-related capacity
capacity buildingbuilding programmes
programmes providing
providing technicaltechnical expertise
expertiseasas wellwell asas inventory-related
inventory-related materials
materials developed
developed byby thethe IPCC
IPCC TFI.
TFI.

AccessAccess toto relevant
relevant information
information
http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/
http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/

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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Estimating NMVOC emissions in Japan, China, and India
Satoru Chatani
National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan

Abstract
Emissions of precursors (carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOX), non-methane volatileorganic compounds (NMVOCs), and sulphur oxides (SOX)) as well as greenhouse gases (GHGs)
should be provided to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
These precursors play important roles in the complex photochemical reaction cycle and the formationof tropospheric ozone and secondary aerosols in the atmosphere. Tropospheric ozone and aerosols are
critical pollutants and also have positive or negative radiative forcing. Recently, tropospheric ozone
has received attention as one of “Short-Lived Climate Pollutant (SLCP)”.
Various non-combustion (fugitive) sources should be considered to estimate NMVOC emissions.
Therefore, separate estimations from combustion sources are necessary. In Japan, the committee for
NMVOC emission inventory has been established by the Ministry of the Environment since 2006 to
manage the NMVOC emission inventory for air pollution controls. Its outcomes have been utilized in
the task force on NMVOC for the GHG emission inventory. The target sources of the NMVOC
emission inventory are fugitive sources including manufacturing (chemicals, etc.), storage andshipping (evaporated fuel), solvent (paint, printing ink, adhesives, dry cleaning, etc.), and other agent.
Combustion sources are not included.
NMVOC emissions from all the fugitive sources in Japan for years 2000 and 2005-2013 have been
estimated. Emissions have been gradually decreased due to current legislations and voluntary actions
to reduce NMVOC emissions. Paint and evaporated fuel are major sources. When they are combinedwith the emissions from combustion sources estimated by other studies, fugitive sources contribute to
72% of all the anthropogenic NMVOC emissions in Japan in 2010.
We have also estimated NMVOC emissions from all the combustion and fugitive sources in China
and India (Wei et al., 2008; Sharma et al., 2015). Contributions of biomass combustion including
biomass fuel combustion in the domestic sector and agricultural open burning are relatively higher in
China and India than Japan. However, their contribution will be decreased due to future possible
changes in infrastructure and energy structure, and emissions from fugitive sources will significantly
increase due to economic growth (Wei et al., 2014).
That implies major sources of NMVOC emissions are different in each country reflecting various
aspects including their economic growth, infrastructure, energy structure, etc.

References
Sharma et al.: Emission inventory of non-methane volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic
sources in India, Atmos. Environ, 102, 209-219, 2015.
Wei et al.: Emission and speciation of non-methane volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic
sources in China, Atmos. Environ., 42, 4976-4988, 2008.
Wei et al.: Trends of chemical speciation profiles of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds
emissions in China, 2005-2020, Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 8, 27-41, 2014.

―33―

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3.
3.Abstracts
Abstracts

Development of NAMA and MRV Guidebooks
Chisa Umemiya
Climate and Energy Area, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), Japan

Abstract
Since the 2007 Bali Action Plan, Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) havebeen developed and, to a lesser extent, implemented by developing countries. NAMAs aredelivered in a measureable, reportable, and verifiable (MRV) manner. There are currently nointernational standards as to how to develop NAMAs and MRV systems for the NAMAs. This
allows for countries to design diverse NAMAs and practice MRV in different ways. With thefinancial support from the Ministry of the Environment, Japan, IGES, together with OECC,
started the development of NAMA and MRV Guidebooks in 2013, with the aim to collectinformation on existing NAMAs and MRV systems so that developing countries can enhancetheir understanding of NAMAs and MRV and adopt best practices. The NAMA Guidebook
consists of technical and case-study parts: the former describes issues related to NAMAs in
the context of latest UNFCCC negotiations; while the latter shows cases for the efforts of
NAMA development and implementation in Asia and other regions. The MRV Guidebook
takes a question-and-answer form to provide an easy-to-understand guide on existing MRV
schemes, such as national greenhouse gas inventories and MRV for the Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) and the Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM). The MRV Guidebook has
been translated into Indonesian and Vietnamese for local use. Over the last two years since
their start, both NAMA and MRV Guidebooks received good responses from various
stakeholders. International organizations, such as the Food and Agriculture Organization of
the United Nations (FAO) and the International Partnership for Mitigation and MRV decided
to use the Guidebooks as supporting materials for their capacity-building activities. The
development of the Guidebooks also resulted in creating a network of experts and policy
makers in this field. In 2015, the Guidebooks continue to provide updated information on
NAMAs and MRV. In addition, a survey will be conducted in cooperation with policy makers
of selected developing countries to identify the state of NAMAs and MRV planning andimplementation. A webinar and other events are also planned this year so that the Guidebooks
can be used more interactively.

References
UNFCCC (2007) 1/CP.13 Bali Action Plan. FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1.

Access to relevant information
NAMA Guidebook: http://www.oecc.or.jp/english/index.htm
MRV Guidebook: http://www.iges.or.jp/en/climate-energy/mm/201309mrv.html―34―

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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Current State of Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) and relevant JICA
Cooperation in Indonesia
Jun Ichihara
Chief Adviser, Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)

Abstract

The Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) scheme aims to promote investment and deploymentof low carbon technologies, products, systems, services and infrastructure in order to achieve
low-carbon growth in developing countries such as Indonesia. As a climate change mitigation
mechanism, JCM also aims to support fulfilment of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
reduction targets of both countries. Carbon credits are issued based on the amount of GHG
emission reductions with MRV under the JCM projects.
After three years of discussion, the governments of Japan and Indonesia finally agreed toestablish a low carbon growth partnership under the JCM scheme by signing the bilateralagreement in August 2013. To make the JCM work effectively, relevant JCM institutions andpolicy, rules and guidelines in Indonesia have been developed. On institutional aspect, thegovernments of Japan and Indonesia have established a Joint Committee, as adecision-making body with relevant tasks to development of JCM rules and guidelines,
registration of JCM projects and credit issuance. Also, Indonesia JCM secretarial wasestablished to support the JCM Joint Committee and work for smooth implementation for
JCM. The Joint Committee has developed basic rules and guidelines such as rules of
implementation, project cycle procedure, PDD for JCM projects and validation andverification with third party entity.
In Indonesia, JCM projects have been actively prepared. So far three JCM projects havebeen registered as of June 2015. And more registered projects are expected to increase fromaround 15 projects with JCM financing support from the Government of Japan. In addition,from 2010 to 2015, there have been 96 JCM feasibility studies conducted in Indonesia. 8
methodologies have been adopted and approved by the joint committee.
However, challenges for implementation of JCM in Indonesia faced and remains including
further institutionalization of JCM in then Government of Indonesia, limited awareness of
JCM in relevant stakeholders in Indonesia, addressing key policy issues and etc.
JICA has implemented technical cooperation which provides support for JCM in Indonesia for
addressing those issues to aim to assist smooth implementation of JCM in Indonesia.
On-going JICA technical cooperation project (Project of Capacity Development Assistancefor Low Carbon Development in the Republic of Indonesia) started with the Coordination
Ministry of Economic Affairs since 2014. JICA cooperation with Government of Indonesia
will continue working for policy assessments and necessary capacity building activities tofurther enhancing implementation of JCM in Indonesia.

―35―─ 35 ─

4. Report on Mutual Learning Session

4. Report on Mutual Learning Session

CGER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

4. Report on Mutual Learning Session
4.1 Overview of the Mutual Learning
Mutual Learning (ML) is an activity to improve the individual countries’ inventories
through a series of processes: 1) exchanging inventories between two countries; 2) learningfrom a partner’s inventory; and 3) exchanging comments on each other’s inventories. The
primary purpose of the ML is to improve GHG inventories by providing details of methods
and data for GHG emission/removal estimation to each other and exchanging comments on
the methods and data between two countries. The ML is also expected to foster and strengthena cooperative relationship among GHG inventory experts. Since the aim of the ML is notcriticism or audit, participants can conduct a two-way communication in a constructive
manner, not a one-way communication like an examiner versus an examinee.
The first ML session was held on the waste sector between GIO and Korea
Environment Corporation (KECO) in the annual workshop in 2008. The Secretariat of WGIA
introduced this activity in WGIA8 in 2010. With the participants’ agreement, the ML has been
held in the following WGIAs as one of the sessions.
Table 1 History of Mutual Learning
2011
WGIA9

2012
WGIA102013
WGIA11

2014
WGIA12

General

-

-

-

-

EnergyIndonesiaMongolia

CambodiaThailand
IndonesiaJapan
IndonesiaVietnam

Lao PDRThailand

IndonesiaMyanmar

-

-

-

ChinaMyanmar

ChinaMongolia--

VietnamIndonesiaLao PDR
CambodiaMongolia

ChinaRepublicof Korea

MalaysiaVietnam-

2008-2010

IP
Agriculture
LULUCF
Waste

Trial
implementation
JapanRepublic of
Korea

2010
WGIA8

Introduction
to ML(with handson training)

JapanLao PDR
IndonesiaCambodiaRepublicof Korea2015
WGIA13
JapanVietnam-

Republicof KoreaMyanmar

Participants
In December 2014, the WGIA Secretariat advertised the ML to the participants of WGIA,
and received applications from 25 teams from 8 countries. Considering the requirements of
the applicants, and an appropriate balance among sectors and the feasibility of
implementation, the WGIA Secretariat set up four two pairs (Japan and Vietnam on general(cross-cutting) issues, Indonesia and Lao PDR on agriculture sector, Cambodia and Mongolia
on LULUCF sector, and Republic of Korea and Myanmar on waste sector) in April 2015.
Preparation
A few months before WGIA13, the selected participants in the ML provided materials of
their inventories to the WGIA Secretariat, including worksheets used for estimating emissions
and reports describing details of methodologies, and exchanged the materials with partnercountries through the Secretariat. Through studying the materials provided by each partnercountry, the participants found strong points as well as shortcomings of each other’s inventory.
They also found issues to clarify by questions. Thus, participants wrote such comments andquestions to their partner countries into “Question and Answer Sheets”. After that, the―36―

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GER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

4. Report on Mutual Learning Session“Question and Answer Sheets” were shared with the partner countries through the Secretariat.
The partner countries responded to these comments and questions before the WGIA13 took
place.
Table 2 Preparation process of Mutual Learning
Process
Schedule
Submission of materials
Late April – Late May
Material exchange
Early June
Studying the materials
During June
Comment exchange
JulyAnswers to comments
July
Sessions
4th August
Discussions
In the WGIA13, the ML participants were split into four sessions (General, Agriculture,
LULUCF and Waste) and discussed sector-specific issues based on preliminary comment
exchanges. In order to encourage a frank discussion, these sessions were closed.
In these sessions, the participants discussed the counterparts’ inventories and their national
systems, shared their own technical issues (e.g. data collection, adoption of emission factors,
national system, etc.) with the partners to overcome the obstacles, and clarified the matters intheir own inventory to be improved. Due to the adequate preparation over two months, they
could deeply learn about issues on each other’s inventory.
Since the ML programme provides a good opportunity to study both the counterpart’s andthe participants’ own inventory, participants have shown interest to participate in thisprogramme in future WGIAs. The points of discussion and the outcomes of each individual
ML session are summarized in the following sections (4.2 – 4.5).

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4.2 General (Cross-cutting) Issues
Sector Overview
Vietnam and Japan participated in a ML session on general (cross-cutting) issues. General
information of the two countries is shown in Table 3 below.
Table 3 Sector Overview for the ML on General (Cross-cutting) Issues
VietnamJapan
National total GHG
266,049 (in 2010, without
1,407,775 (in 2013, without
emissions (kt-CO2 eq.)
LULUCF)
LULUCF)
Responsible agency for the
Ministry of Natural
Ministry of the Environment
inventory
Resources and Environment
Estimation methodology
Revised 1996 IPCC
2006 IPCC Guidelines, andGuidelines, GPG 2000, and country-specific guidelines
GPG-LULUCF
Sources of emission factors IPCC Guidelines default
Country-specific values andvalues and a few
2006 IPCC Guidelines
country-specific values indefault values
the rice cultivation
sub-sector
Sources of activity data
National Statistics andNational Statistics andexperts’ sources
provided data
Materials Used
In order to prepare for the ML session in WGIA13, both countries exchanged their
documents relevant to general (cross-cutting) issues two to three months before the workshop.
The exchanged documents were as follows:
Vietnam- Second National Communication, 2010
- Initial Biennial Updated Report, 2014
Japan
- National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report of Japan, April, 2015
Questions and Answers
After receiving the materials described above, both countries studied them and provided
questions and comments to their partner country approximately one month before theworkshop. The classification and the number of questions were in Table 4.

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Table 4 Classification of questions in the ML on General (Cross-cutting) Issues

Classification of questions
Legal mandate
Work assignment
Data collection
QC/QA
Data archiving
Key category analysis
Uncertainty analysis
Budget
Other

Number of questions
from Vietnam
from Japan
to Japanto Vietnam
1
0
1
4
5
2
1
3
0
1
0
2
1
0
1
0
1
2

Outcomes of the Mutual Learning Session
Through the ML session, several issues and good practices in the participating countries’
preparation of GHG inventory have been identified.
➢Issues and Solutions
VietnamVietnam is currently in the process of developing a post-BUR1 National Inventory System(NIS). A framework for the NIS has been proposed, but details such as assignment of workinside each entity still need to be determined. In addition, a legal mandate for the NIS is
crucial (first by the Prime Minister's decision, but ultimately by law), and is expected to be
granted in 2016.
Japan
It was noted that some estimations relied on the voluntary provision of data from privatecompanies, which could lead to a time-series inconsistency of data in the future.
➢Good Practices
Vietnam
The good practices identified for Vietnam were as follows: 1) A pathway is set to finalize
the NIS – learning from countries such as the Philippines, Thailand, Korea, UK, US, Japan,etc.; 2) The NIS is considered to be developed step-by-step, with improvement of data
provision as first priority, followed by assignment of work and establishment of a QC/QA
system; and 3) The NIS is developed through continuous consultations with relevant
ministries, which helps build a realistic and reasonable system.
Japan
The good practices identified for Japan were as follows: 1) A relatively stable system is inplace, as a result of trial and error in the past; 2) Flexibility is built in regarding calculation
files by using Excel efficiently.
Also, the Vietnamese participants showed a strong interest in understanding how thevoluntary data provision from industrial organizations worked in Japan, and what would be
the benefits for the industrial organizations to cooperate. The Japanese participants explainedthat it probably works because it is in the interest of the organizations to have a consistency―39―

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between what is used as national inventory data and what they use, and that the amount ofemissions they reduced matches what is reflected in the inventory. Furthermore, a question
was raised on what would be done if cooperation failed. The Japanese participants explainedthat it would be a rare case because data availability is also checked in the process ofdetermining the estimation methodology.
➢Suggestions for Future MLs
It was noted by the participants that mutual learning on general (cross-cutting) issues, a
new attempt in addition to sectoral mutual learning, is a valuable exercise as well. Enthusiasm
was expressed to hold a ML session again on general (cross-cutting) issues regarding details
such as AD collection, emissions estimation, QA/QC, database management, and archiving,when Vietnam’s NIS is further developed.
Table 5 Participants in the ML on General (Cross-cutting) Issues
Name
Organization
Title
Dr. Nguyen
Vietnam Center for
Head of Division,
Phuong Nam
Technology Responding to
Climate Change Mitigation
Climate Change (CliTech);Technology
Department of Meteorology,
Hydrology and Climate
Change (DMHCC),
Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment(MONRE)
Mr. Nguyen
Vietnam Institute for
Researcher,Trong Nghia
Industrial Policies &Environment and Sustainable
Strategies, Ministry ofDevelopment
Industries & Trade (MOIT)
Ms. Nguyen
Ministry of Natural
Environmental Database
Hong Hanh
Resources and Environment Inspector,(MONRE)Red River Delta Regional
Hydro-MeteorologicalCenter, National
Hydro-Meteorological
Service of Vietnam
Japan
Ms. Elsa
Greenhouse Gas Inventory
GHG Inventory Expert
Hatanaka
Office of Japan (GIO),(Chair)National Institute for
Mr. Akira Osako Environmental Studies,Japan (NIES)
Mr. Takashi
Environment and Energy
Chief Analyst
Morimoto
Dept., Mitsubishi UFJ
Research and Consulting
Co., Ltd. (MURC)
Observers Mr. Shigeyoshi
Ministry of the
Chief Official
Sato
Environment, Japan(MOEJ)
Mr. Tsubasa
Technical Officer
TomitaCountry
Vietnam―40―

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4. Report on Mutual Learning Session

4.3 Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry Sector
Sector Overview
Cambodia and Mongolia participated in the ML session for the Land Use, Land-Use
Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector. General information of the two countries is shown intable 6 below.
Table 6 Sector Overview for the ML on the LULUCF sector

National total GHG
emissions (Gg-CO2 eq.,
without LULUCF)
GHG emissions/removals in
the LULUCF sector(Gg-CO2 eq.)
Responsible agency for theinventory
Estimation methodology

Source of emission factors
Source of activity data

Cambodia

Mongolia

Not provided

18,868(in 2006)

Not provided-2,083 (in 2006)

Climate Change
Department, Ministry ofEnvironment
Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines ,GPG (2000)*and GPG-LULUCF** Tier
1
Country-specific parametersand IPCC default values
Mainly from national
statistics

The Ministry of Environment,
Green Development andTourism (MEGDT)Revised 1996 IPCC
Guidelines Tier 1
Country-specific parametersand IPCC default values
Mainly from national
statistics* GPG (2000): IPCC Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories** GPG-LULUCF: IPCC Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry

Materials Used
In order to prepare for the mutual learning session in the WGIA13, both countries
exchanged their documents relevant to GHG emission/removal estimation for the sector to theSecretariat two months before the workshop. The exchanged documents were as follows:
Cambodia-Cambodia’s Second National Communication under the UNFCCC (Technical Report) (Draft)(PDF)- Review GHG emission- LUCF (by Mr. Kamal) (Word Office)- Overview –GHG inventory (reported inventory year: 2000) (Excel Office)Mongolia- Mongolia’s Second National Communication (SNC) under the UNFCCC (PDF)- Mongolia’s Assessment Report on Climate Change 2009 (PDF)- Mongolia’s Second Assessment Report on Climate Change 2014 (PDF)- Mongolia’s Second Assessment Report on Climate Change 2014 (Executive summary)(PDF)- Completed IPCC Worksheet- Mongolia (1990-2030) (Excel)
Questions and Answers
After receiving the estimation documents, both countries studied them and submitted―41―

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questions and comments to the partner country through the Secretariat approximately one
month before the workshop. The classification and the number of questions are as follows.
Table 7 Classification of questions in the ML on the LULUCF sector
Number of questions
Classification of questions
from Cambodia tofrom Mongolia to
Mongolia
CambodiaAcquisition of activity data01
Adoption of emission factors or parameters 0
2
Estimation method2
1
Institutional arrangement
1
4
Others50Outcomes of the Mutual Learning Session
Through the mutual learning, several issues and good practices in the participating
countries’ preparation of GHG inventory were identified.
➢Issues and Solutions
The issues raised for both countries were as follows: 1) Some categories (such as CO2
emissions/ removals from soil) are not estimated; 2) The gain-loss method has been used forforest, but the stock change method based on National Forest Inventory (NFI) information
will be used in the future; 3) Defining anthropogenic and /or natural forest fires is difficult.
Cambodia
The issues raised for Cambodia were as follows: 1) Land classification is needed to bechecked to align with IPCC categories; 2) Cambodia may choose the option to make anagreement with line ministries in case simpler options do not work; 3) Up to now the system
to make the GHG inventory has been temporary project-based, but Cambodia is now making
a permanent system.
Mongolia
The issues raised for Mongolia were as follows: 1) Key category analysis was notconducted, but it will be done in the future; 2) Definition of forest by the national law does
not directly represent forest land cover; 3) Occasional GHG emissions from forest fires (nowtreated as an information item) have a huge impact on the national total emissions andpotentially the accounting aspect.
➢Good Practices
Cambodia
The good practices identified for Cambodia were as follows: 1) In accordance with IPCC
GPG LULUCF, key category analysis (level and trend assessment) were conducted for bothdata of 1994 and of 2000; 2) Uncertainty analysis was conducted qualitatively andstep-by-step improvements were made.
Mongolia
The good practices identified for Mongolia were as follows: 1) Institutional arrangement
for GHG inventory has been established since 2012 (amendment of Law on Air); 2) Time
series (1990-2006) estimation and recalculation of whole time series were conducted; 3)
Emissions between 2006 and 2030 were calculated on the basis of previous trends, taking into―42―

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account social and economic changes and currently implemented or adopted policies andmeasures; 4) Template tables of the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines were applied for the
calculation of GHG emissions and removals (making it easy to track the calculation process);5) A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed with line ministries oncooperation for data provision.
➢Possible Follow-up Activities
Both countries agreed that collection of activity data was the first priority followed by thedevelopment of county-specific emissions factors.

Country
Cambodia

Table 8 Participants in the ML on the LULUCF Sector

Name
Mr. Kamal Uy

Mr. Chivin Leng
Ms. Vichet Ratha Khlok
Mongolia

Mr. Gerelt-Od
Tsogtbaatar
Ms. Tegshjargal
Bumtsend

Ms. Sanaa Enkhtavian

Facilitator

Dr. Midori Yanagawa(Chair)Mr. Hiroshi Ito
Mr. Naofumi Kosaka
Mr. Atsushi Sato

Organization
Climate Change Department,
Ministry of Environment
Climate Change Department,
Ministry of Environment
Climate Change Department,
Ministry of Environment
International Cooperation
Division, Ministry ofEnvironment, Green
Development and Tourism
Climate Change Project
Implementing Unit, Nature
Conservation Fund, Ministryof Environment, Green
Development and Tourism
Climate Change Project
Implementing Unit, Nature
Conservation Fund, Ministryof Environment, Green
Development and Tourism
GIO, NIES

Environment and Energy
Dept., MURC

―43―

─ 44 ─

Title
DeputyDirector
DeputyDirector
Chief Officer
Head of CDM
National
BureauProject
Manager for
the INDCs of
Mongolia
GHG
Inventory
ExpertGHG
Inventory
ExpertSeniorResearcher

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4.4 Agriculture Sector
Sector Overview
Lao PDR and Indonesia participated in the Mutual Learning session for the agriculture
sector. General information of the two countries is in Table 9.
Table 9 Sector Overview for the ML on the Agriculture Sector
Lao PDR
Indonesia
National total GHG
43,811 (in 2000 by SNC)
556,499 (in 2000 by SNC*)
emissions (Gg-CO2 eq.,
without LUCF)
GHG emissions in the
7,606 (in 2000 by SNC)
75,420 (in 2000 by SNC*)
Agriculture Sector (Gg-CO2
eq.)
Responsible agency for the Ministry of National
Ministry of Environment
inventory
Resources and Environment and Forestry (MOEF)
Organization in charge ofDepartment of National
Centre for National GHG
GHG emission calculation
Disaster Management andInventory System (SIGN
Climate Change
Centre), MOEF
(DNDMCC)
Estimation methodology- Revised 1996 IPCC
- 2006 IPCC Guidelines
Guidelines- Tier 2 method for rice
- Tier 1 method
cultivation- Tier 1 method for othercategories
Source of emission factors
Mainly default EFs
Mainly default EFs
described in Revised 1996
described in 2006 IPCC
IPCC Guidelines
Guidelines. In ricecultivation, some
CS-parameters were used.
Source of activity data
National sources
National sources*: Because information on the Agriculture sector in the draft BURs was used in the
Mutual Learning session, data of SNC was input alternatively in this table.
Materials Used
In order to prepare for the Mutual Learning, both countries submitted their estimation
documents of the sector and exchanged their documents with each other three months before
the session in the WGIA13. The exchanged documents were as follows.
Indonesia- Estimation Methodology of Agriculture Inventory- Agriculture Inventory 2000-2012 (MS Excel spreadsheet, calculation files)
Lao PDR-Second National Communications-Module 4 Agriculture sector spreadsheet in the Revised 1996 Guidelines (MS Excel
spreadsheet, calculation files)―44―

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4. Report on Mutual Learning Session

Questions and Answers
After receiving the estimation documents, both countries studied them and submitted
questions and comments to the partner country approximately two months before the session.
The answers to the questions were provided prior to the session. The classification and thenumber of questions are as follows.
Table 10 Classification of questions in the ML on the Agriculture Sector
Number of questions
Classification of questions
from Lao PDR
from Indonesia
to Indonesia
to Lao PDR
Acquisition of activity data
1
4
Adoption of emission factors or 4
2parameters
Estimation method
1
1
Institutional arrangement
1
5
Others00Outcomes of Mutual Learning
In the ML session on the Agriculture Sector of WGIA13, Indonesia made a shortpresentation for the estimation method for their inventory. Through the ML, several issues andgood practices of the GHG inventory were pointed out for both countries.
➢Issues and Solutions/Other Points for Discussion
In the question and answer sheets and discussion in the session, a lot of information was
exchanged. Key discussion points for issues and solutions, and other points for discussion are
as follows:
1) As a key discussion point, institutional arrangement was discussed deeply in a
substantial length of time (e.g. decision process, experts and staff preparing
inventory, expert committee, data collection system, and QA/QC system).
2) Relating to the point above, the issue of expert judgment was discussed. Lao PDR
and Indonesia used expert judgment for some parameters in the agriculture sector.
How to judge by experts is interesting and informative for other countries as well,because the decision-making system based on expert judgment is different in eachcountry, and also because expert judgment is the final decision system and thus
important. Expert judgment is used when a country does not have data for a certain
parameter, but they cannot use default data because of a lack of default data in the
Guidelines or because of a significant difference of country status from the default
data. Experts induce likely data that reflect nation’s circumstance.
3) Lao PDR may estimate N2O from N fixing crops, which cannot be estimatedotherwise due to by lack of data in the SNC.
4) Indonesia will check the possibility to estimate N leaching and loss considering theparticular situation for the country.
5) To estimate CH4 emissions from enteric fermentation, Indonesia uses Correction
Factors considering the age composition of livestock, and will check the primary
purpose of the survey on Correction Factors in order to encourage relevant agency
to update their survey.
6) For Lao PDR, some AD are provided in national statistics, however, other AD arenot. Therefore, data collection is not very successful in Lao PDR, and Lao PDR―45―

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considers that data improvement is needed.
7) For Indonesia, CH4 from rice cultivation was estimated by using the Tier 2 methodwith CS parameters. Therefore, a detailed estimation method was discussed in thesession in Q&A format.
8) The following comment was made by an expert, as a general comment. Tier 2
method reflecting country status may be used in some Asian countries in certain
category in the near future, because studies and surveys have been improved
gradually in some country. In addition, these data, which is closer in Asia thandefault data in Guidelines, may be applied to neighboring countries as well.
9) As another general idea, if application of Tier 2 method with upgrading from Tier 1
method is difficult, a country may use Tier 1.5 method by combining Tier 1 and Tier
2. It means combining country-specific and default parameters to make use ofcountry-specific data.
➢Good Practices
Some good practices were pointed out through the ML as follows:
1) Lao PDR prepared inventory by using the 1996 GLs template. Using a common
format makes it easier for everyone to understand.
2) Indonesia prepared time series data from 2000 to 2012.
3) Indonesia conducted a recalculation from 2000 to 2005 updated from SNC with an
update of estimation methods.
➢Possible Follow-up Activities
Some possible follow-up activities were considered by both countries.
1) Lao PDR and Indonesia will address outstanding issues described above.
2) Lao PDR will improve their institutional arrangement by referring to the partnercountry’s experiences.
3) Lao PDR and Indonesia will improve their data collection systems and surveys.
➢Suggestions and Comments for Future MLs and WGIAs
The participants’ suggestions for future ML were as follows:
1) ML is a good opportunity for each country to share experiences and build a good
network.
2) Adding an “Institutional Arrangement” section in the Q&A sheet in next ML wasproposed.
3) Deciding a theme and discussion points in the beginning of the session may help
conduct a fruitful discussion. (e.g. expert judgment)
4) Adding a commentator from a third party was proposed by a participant.
A commentator would check both countries’ and give advice for an alternative
solution in case there is an issue that needs to be solved.

―46―

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GER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

4. Report on Mutual Learning Session

Table 11 List of Participants in the Mutual Learning on the Agriculture Sector
CountryName
Organization
Title
Lao PDR
Mr. Mone
Department of Disaster
Consultant
Nouansyvong
Management and Climate Change(DDMCC), Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment(MoNRE)
Mr. Bounthee
DDMCC, MoNRE
Technical
Saythongvanh
officerMr. Immala
DDMCC, MoNRE
Director
InthaboualyIndonesia
Mr. Prasetyadi
SIGN Centre, Ministry of
Staff
Utomo
Environment and Forestry(MOEF)
Ms. Miranti Ariani Indonesian Agricultural
Staff
Environment Research Institute(IAERI), Ministry of Agriculture
Mr. Ardi Chandra SIGN Centre, MOEF
Staff
Yunianto
Mr. Anak Agung
Sub-Directorate of Land Based
Head
Gede Putra
GHG Inventory, MOEF
Mr. Mamay
GHG Inventory on Agriculture
Section Head
Maesaroh
Sector, MOEF
Ms. Vinna
MRV on Agriculture Sector,
Section Head
Prescylia
MOEF
Facilitators Mr. Kohei Sakai
GIO, NIES
GHG Inventory(Chair)ExpertMr. Naofumi
GIO, NIES
GHG Inventory
KosakaExpertMr. Takashi
Mitsubishi UFJ Research andChief Analyst
Morimoto
Consulting Co., Ltd.(MURC)
Prof. Mitsuru
Research Faculty of Agriculture,
Special
Osaki
Hokkaido University
Appointed
Professor

Country
Indonesia

Table 12 Participants in the Q&A sheet exchange phase(not attending in the session in WGIA)
Name
Organization
Title
Mr. Prihasto
IAERI, Ministry of Agriculture
Head
Setyanto
Mr. Muhammad
Centre for Climate Risk andExpert of GHG
Ardiansyah
Opportunity Management
Inventory on(CCROM), Bogor Agricultural
Agriculture
University (IPB)―47―

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CGER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

4.5 Waste Sector
Sector Overview
Republic of Korea and Myanmar participated in a ML session for the waste sector.
General information of the two countries was is shown in table 13:
Table 13 Sector Overview for the ML on the Waste Sector
Republic of Korea
MyanmarNational total GHG
688,341.56 (in 2012,
33,996.4 (in 2000, without
emissions (Gg-CO2 eq.)
without LULUCF)
LULUCF)
14,810.85 (in 2012)
2,825.97 (in 2000)
GHG emissions in thewaste sector (Gg-CO2 eq.)
Responsible agency for the Ministry of Environment
Ministry of Environmental
inventory(MOE)
Conservation and Forestry(MOECAF)
Organization in charge of
Korea Environmental
Ministry of Electric Powerwaste sector
Corporation (KECO)(MOEP)
Estimation methodology- Revised 1996
Tier 1 method of Revised
Guidelines, Good
1996 IPCC Guidelines
Practice Guidance(2000), and 2006 IPCC
Guidelines- Tier 2 method of IPCC
Guidelines for key
categories- Tier 1 method forsome minor categories
Source of emission factors Country specific emission
Default values of Revised
factors and default values
1996 IPCC Guidelinesof IPCC Guidelines
Source of activity data
National statistics (e.g.,
Estimation based on
Nationwide waste
population statistics
generation and treatment
status, Sewerage statistics,
etc.)
Materials Used
In order to prepare for the ML session in WGIA13, both countries exchanged their
documents relevant to GHG emission estimation of the sector with each other two months
before the workshop. The exchanged documents were as follows:
Korea:- National inventory report 2014
- CRF tables (Excel)
Myanmar:- Initial National Communication 2012
- UNFCCC software module 6 (Excel)- Background materials―48―

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GER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

4. Report on Mutual Learning Session

Questions and Answers
After receiving the materials described above, both countries studied them and provided
questions and comments to their partner country approximately one month before theworkshop. The classification and the number of the questions were as follows.
Table 14 Classification of questions in the ML on the Waste Sector

Classification of question
Estimation method
Emission factors
Activity data
Other

Number of questions
from Myanmar tofrom Republic ofRepublic of Korea
Korea to Myanmar
2
3
2
2
0
1
3
5

Outcomes of the Mutual Learning Session
Through the mutual learning, several issues and good practices in the participating
countries’ preparation of GHG inventory were identified.
➢Issues and Solutions/ Outstanding Issues
Myanmar does not have a permanent national system for GHG inventory because of alack of human resources, budget, and legal framework. Now they are coordinating theinstitutional arrangement for the Second National Communication (SNC).
Republic of Korea has a well-organized national system to prepare their GHG inventory.
For example, in data acquisition, Korea obtains activity data of solid waste disposal fromnational statistics compiled by the Ministry of Environment, which are based on actual
measurements at landfill sites. Korea has also established good relationships with privatecompanies and got permission from them for an effluent survey. Under such circumstances
Korea has developed country specific EFs for industrial wastewater treatment in order toimprove their GHG inventory.
In this session, participants shared the awareness that such a national system, which
includes a data collection system for solid waste disposal and cooperation from private
industries for effluent measurements, is very important for the development of Myanmar’s
inventory, too.
As for detailed GHG estimations, Myanmar currently does not estimate N2O emissions
from human waste. In the SNC, these emissions will be estimated by using protein
consumption data from FAO. This idea was suggested by Korea during the discussion.
➢Good Practices
Korea:
One of the good practices identified for Korea is that in their inventory report it is easy tofollow the GHG estimation method as well as regulations related to background information,legal framework, and statistical system for waste and wastewater management.
Myanmar:A good practice identified for Myanmar is that the use of IPCC spreadsheets in
Myanmar’s inventory compilation ensures comparability of GHG emissions and transparency
in their estimation methodologies.
➢Possible Follow-up Activities―49―

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4. Report on Mutual Learning Session

CGER-I126-2015, CGER/NIES

More detailed information about the data collection system for solid waste disposal in
Korea will be shared with Myanmar by email.
➢Suggestions for Future MLs and WGIAs- In this year, preparation for ML started in May. In this regards, some participantssuggested that the preparation should start earlier (for example, in February) to allow
ample time to study exchanged materials and discuss by email.
- Myanmar has participated in the ML on three sectors (agriculture in WGIA11, energy in
WGIA12, and waste in WGIA13) and obtained information to upgrade their GHG
inventory. Participants from Myanmar showed interest in participating in other ML
sectors (IPPU, LULUCF) in future WGIAs.
Country
Republic of
Korea

MyanmarFacilitators

Table 15 Participants in the ML on the Waste Sector
Name
Organization
Title
Mr. Seung Ju
Korea Environment
Assistant Manager
Moon
Corporation (KECO)
Mr. Sung Ho
Assistant Manager
Shin
Mr. Chnag Hoon
Assistant Manager
Lee
Ministry of Environment
Director
Conservation
andForestry
Mr. Than Aye（MOECAF)）
Environmental Expert
Mr. Myint Soe
Ministry of Industry (MOI)
Ms. Hnin Hnin
AyeMr. Hiroyuki
Ueda (Chair)
Ms. SumikoHarasawa
Dr. Takefumi
Oda

Ministry of Electric Power(MOEP)
Environment and Energy
Dept., MURC
GIO

Environmental Expert
Senior analyst
GHG Inventory Expert
GHG Inventory Expert―50―

─ 51 ─

Annex I: Agenda

CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Annex I: Agenda
The 13th Workshop on GHG Inventories in Asia (WGIA13)- Capacity Building for Measurement, Reporting and Verification Period: 4th – 6th August, 2015,
Venue: Ramada Bintang Bali Resort, Jl. Kartika Plaza, Kuta, Bali, Indonesia

08:30-12:00

Day 1: Morning, 4th August 2015 (Tuesday)
Mutual Learning (Closed sessions: only the countries
participating in the session, chairs, facilitators, rapporteurs
and the WGIA Secretariat can enter conference rooms for thesessions)
General
LULUCF
Vietnam – Japan
Cambodia - Mongolia

SectorCombination ofParticipating
Countries
Room
Nias
Sawu
Chair
Ms. Elsa Hatanaka (GIO)
Dr. Midori Yanagawa (GIO)
Rapporteur
Dr. Takefumi Oda (GIO)
Note: Mutual learning sessions are closed sessions in order to secure confidentiality of
information so that countries participating in each mutual learning session can provide
unpublished information therefore, only participating countries in each session, chairs,
facilitators, rapporteur and the WGIA Secretariat can enter each of the rooms. In
addition, facilitators will be registered in advance and receive confirmation ofparticipation from the countries engaging in mutual learning and the WGIA Secretariat.
12:00-14:00 Lunch
Day 1: Afternoon, 4th August (Tuesday)
14:00-17:30
Mutual Learning (Closed sessions: only the countries
participating in the session, chairs, facilitators, rapporteurs
and the WGIA Secretariat can enter conference rooms for thesessions)
Agriculture
Waste
SectorCombination of
Lao PDR - Indonesia
Myanmar – Republic of
Participating
Korea
Countries
Room
Nias
Sawu
Chair
Mr. Kohei Sakai (GIO)
Mr. Hiroyuki Ueda (MURC)
Rapporteur
Dr. Takefumi Oda (GIO)
18:00-19:00

Participants Registration―51―

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AnnexI I
Annex

8:30-9:00
9:00 – 10:15

9:00 – 9:10
9:10 – 9:20
9:20 – 9:30
9:30 – 9:45
9:45 – 10:00
10:00 – 10:15
10:15 – 10:45
10:45 – 12:15

10:45 – 10:50
10:50 – 11:05
11:05 – 11:25
11:25 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:15
12:15 – 13:45

Day 2: Morning, 5th August, 2015 (Wednesday)
Participants Registration
Opening Session
Room:
Chair:
Rapporteur:
Ballroom
Ms. Emma Rachmawaty Mr. Naofumi Kosaka(Indonesia)(GIO)
Welcome Address
Mr. Shigeyoshi Sato
(MOEJ)
Welcome Address
Ms. Kirsfianti Linda
Ginoga (Indonesia)
Overview of WGIA13
Mr. Hiroshi Ito (GIO)
Japan's Climate Change Policies
Mr. Shigeyoshi Sato
(MOEJ)
Indonesia’s Policy on Climate Change
Ms. Kirsfianti Linda
Adaptation and Mitigation & first BUR Progress Ginoga (Indonesia)
Questions and Answers
All
Group Photo & Tea BreakSession I: Updates on the preparation of the National
Communications (NCs) and Biennial Update Reports (BURs) from
non-Annex I Parties
Room:
Chair:
Rapporteur:
Ballroom
Mr. Takahiko Hiraishi
Mr. Naofumi Kosaka(IGES)(GIO)
Introduction to the Session
Mr. Hiroshi Ito (GIO)
CGE Training Materials for the Preparation of
Mr. Dominique Revet
Biennial Update Reports from non-Annex I(UNFCCC)
Parties
Updates on the Preparation of BURs from
Mr. Dominique Revet
non-Annex I Parties and Relevant Requirements (UNFCCC)
and Available Resources
Status of India’s first Biennial Update Report
Dr. Sumana(BUR)
Bhattacharya (India)
Questions and Answers
All
Lunch

―52―

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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

17:00 – 17:30

Day 2 Afternoon, 5th August (Wednesday)
Session II: Progress made in BUR and the ICA process
Room:
Chair:
Rapporteur:
Ballroom
Dr. Sirintornthep Towprayoon
Mr. Naofumi Kosaka(AB/ King Mongkut’s University (GIO)of Technology Thonburi)
Progress of non-Annex I BUR
Mr. Hiroshi Ito (GIO)
Overview of the first BUR and the Preparation
Dr. Nguyen Phuong Nam
for Publishing of National Inventory System in(Vietnam)Vietnam
BUR of the Republic of Korea
Dr. Jongchul Bang
(Republic of Korea)
Questions and Answers, Discussion
All
The Technical Analysis of BURs, as Part of theMr. Kiyoto Tanabe
International Consultation and Analysis (ICA)(IPCC TFI TSUTFIProcess
TSU, member of the
CGE)
Japan’s Experience: The International
Mr. Tsubasa Tomita
Assessment and Review (IAR) Process, with a(MOEJ)
Focus on Multilateral Assessment (MA)Questions and Answers, DiscussionAll
Tea BreakSession III: Cross Cutting Issues (Institutional Arrangements for
Consistency and Continuous Reporting)
Room:
Chair:
Rapporteur:
Ballroom
Dr. Rizaldi Boer (AB/ Bogor
Mr. Naofumi Kosaka
Agricultural University)(GIO)
Introduction to the Session and Japan’s
Mr. Akira Osako (GIO)
Experience
For Consistence in China Greenhouse Gas
Prof. Mingshan Su
Inventory(China)Institutional Arrangements for Making
Dr. Yap Kok Seng
Continuous GHG Inventory of BUR(Malaysia)
Thailand Institutional Arrangement for GHG
Dr. Nattanich
Inventory
Asvapoositkul(Thailand)
Questions and Answers, Discussion
All

19:00 – 21:00

Welcome Reception (hosted by the Government of Indonesia)

13:45 – 15:40

13:45 – 13:50
13:50 – 14:10
14:10 – 14:30
14:30 – 14:50
14:50 – 15:05

15:05 – 15:20
15:20 – 15:40
15:40 – 16:00
16:00 – 17:30

16:00 – 16:15
16:15 – 16:30
16:30 – 16:45
16:45 – 17:00―53―

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Annex
I I
Annex

9:00 – 12:30

9:00 – 9:05
9:05 – 9:25
9:25 – 9:45
9:45 - 10:00
10:00 – 10:20
10:20 – 10:40
10:40 – 10:55
10:55– 11:15
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45
11:45 – 12:00
12:00 – 12:30
12:30 – 14:00

Day 3 Morning, 6th August 2015 (Thursday)
Session IV: International Activities Contributing to GHG Inventories
and Mitigation
Room:
Chair:
Rapporteur:
Ballroom
Dr. Sumana Bhattacharya (AB/Mr. Naofumi Kosaka
Climate Change and Environment (GIO)
Intercooperation)
Introduction to the Session
Ms. Elsa Hatanaka(GIO)
Overview of “Sub-project 3 of Project of Capacity
Mr. Hiroyuki Ueda
Development for Climate Change Strategies in(JICA project)
Indonesia”
JICA Effort to Mitigate Climate Change in Forest
Mr. Shigeru Takahara
and Land Sector in Indonesia –IJ-REDD+ Project(JICA)
Questions and Answers, Discussion
All
Capacity Development Activities in Support ofDr. Mirella Salvatore
National Greenhouse Gas Inventory by FAO(FAO)
IPCC TFI: Recent Activities
Dr. Baasansuren
Jamsranjav (IPCC TFITSUTFI TSU)
Questions and Answers, DiscussionAll
Tea Break
Estimating NMVOC Emissions in Japan, China,
Dr. Satoru Chataniand India(NIES)Development of NAMA and MRV Guidebooks
Dr. Chisa Umemiya(IGES)
Current State of Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) Dr. Jun Ichihara
and Relevant JICA Cooperation in Indonesia(JICA)
Questions and Answers, Discussion
All
Lunch

Day 3 Afternoon, 6th August (Thursday)
14:30 – 16:00 Wrap-up Session
Room:
Chair: Dr. Yukihiro Nojiri (GIO)
Ballroom
14:30 – 14:35 Introduction to the Study TourKHLK, Indonesia
14:35 – 14:55 Summary of the Mutual Learning Sessions
Dr. Takefumi Oda(GIO)
14:55 – 15:05 Discussion
All
15:05– 15:15 Tea Break
15:15 – 15:30 Summary of the Plenary Sessions
Mr. Naofumi Kosaka(GIO)
15:30 – 15:40 Discussion
All
Closing Remarks
15:40 – 15:50 Closing Remarks
KLHK, Indonesia
15:50 – 16:00 Closing Remarks
Dr. Yukihiro Nojiri
(GIO)

―54―

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CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

17:00 – 17:30
17:30 – 18:00

Day 3 Evening, 6th August (Thursday)
Joint Meeting of the WGIA Organizing Committee and Advisory Board(members of the OC and AB, the WGIA Secretariat)
Room: Sawu
Chair: Mr. Hiroshi Ito (GIO)
Review of Activities in WGIA13
All
Discussion on Topics for WGIA14
All

18:30 – 21:00

Farewell Reception (hosted by the MOEJ and GIO)

8:00 – 14:00

Study Tour, 7th August (Friday)
Study Tour (Visiting a village -Local Initiatives on Climate Change
Adaptation- Mitigation-, Desa Sibang)

17:00 – 18:00―55―

─ 57 ─

Annex II: List of Participants

CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Annex II: List of Participants

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources

BY PARTICIPATING COUNTRIES

Mr. Fahmuddin Agus
Agricultural research and development
agencies,
Ministry of Agriculture

BRUNEI
Mr. Abdul Matiin Kasim
Renewable Energy Unit, Energy Department,
Prime Minister’s Office
CAMBODIA
Dr. Kamal Uy
Climate Change Department,
Ministry of Environment

Mr. Ardi Chandra
GHG Inventory for AFOLU Sector
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Chivin Leng
Climate Change Department,
Ministry of Environment

Ms. Retno Gumilang Dewi
Bandung Institute of Technology

Ms. Vichet Ratha Khlok
Climate Change Department,
Ministry of Environment

Ms. Kirsfianti L. Ginoga
GHG Inventory and MRVClimate Mitigation and Atmospheric
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

CHINA
Prof. Mingshan Su
Department of Statistics and Assessment,
National Center for Climate Change
Strategy and International Cooperation

Mr. Wawan Gunawan
MRV for Forestry Sector
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Dr. Jun Ichihara
Japan International Cooperation Agency

Dr. Jianhua Zhu
Institute of Forest Ecology,
Environment & Protection,
Chinese Academy of Forestry
INDIA
Dr. Anindya Bhattacharya
Climate Change and Sustainability Services
Ernst & Young LLP, India
Dr. Sumana Bhattacharya
Climate Change and Environment
Intercooperation for Sustainable
Development India
Dr. Swapan Mehra
IORA Ecological Solutions Pvt.Ltd

Dr. Rizaldi Boer
Centre for Climate Risk and Opportunity
Management in Southeast Asia and Pacificof Bogor Agriculture University

Ms. Nela Anjani Lubis
GHG Inventory for waste sector
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Ms. Mega Lugina
Research and development centers of social,economic, policy and climate change
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Mamay Maisaroh
GHG Inventory for Agriculture Sector
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

INDONESIA

Ms. Belinda Arunarwati Margono
GHG Inventory for Land Based
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Wisnu Adipurwoko
Directorate of Energy Conservation

Mr. Kadim Martana
Center for International Cooperation,―57―

─ 59 ─

Annex II

Ms. Junko Morizane
Japan International Cooperation Agency

Ms. Galih Kartika Sari
Research and development centers of social,economic, policy and climate change,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Aja Munajat
GHG Inventory for Waste Sector
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Asep Setiawan
Hazardous Waste Management
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Ms. Fifi Novitri
MRV for Waste Sector
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Gatot Setiawan
GHG Inventory,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Joni H. Panjaitan
Research and development centers of social,economic, policy and climate change,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Ms. Agung Srihananto
Climate Change Mitigation,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Pipin Permadi
GIZ-FORCLIME
Ms. Vinna Precylia
MRV for Agriculture Sector,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Djaka Dwi Putera
Water Pollution
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Anak Agung Gede Putra
GHG Inventory for Land Based,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Ms. Emma Rachmawaty
Climate Change Mitigation
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Dida Migfar Ridha
Greenhouse Gas Inventory,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Riva Rovani
Inventory and Monitoring of Forest
Resources
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Ms. Sinta Saptarina
Specific Waste and Recycling,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Mr. Gede Suarjana
BLH of Bali Province
Mr. Shigeharu Takahara
Japan International Cooperation Agency
Mr. Genichiro Tsukada
Japan International Cooperation Agency/
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Bambang Trihartono
Research and development centers of social,economic, policy and climate change,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Prasetiadi Utomo
GHG Inventory,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Yustika A.W.
Environmental Health Settlement
Development,
Ministry of Public Works and Settlement
Mr. Enu Wahyu
Sectoral and Regional Mobilization
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Hari Wibowo
MRV for non Land Based,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Mr. Widiyanto―58―

─ 60 ─

CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Sub Division of Administration,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Ms. Lilis Yuliandini
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Climate Change Mitigation

Dr. Takefumi Oda
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Mr. Franky Zamzani
GHG Inventory for Forestry Sector,
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
JAPAN
Dr. Satoru Chatani
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Ms. Takako Ono
Institute for Global Environmental
Strategies (IGES)
Prof. Mitsuru Osaki
Research Faculty of Agriculture,
Hokkaido University

Ms. Elsa Hatanaka
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Mr. Akira Osako
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Ms. Sumiko Harasawa
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Mr. Kohei Sakai
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Mr. Takahiko Hiraishi
Institute for Global Environmental
Strategies

Mr. Atsushi Sato
Environment and Energy Dept., Mitsubishi
UFJ Research and Consulting Co., Ltd.

Mr. Masaaki Igeta
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Mr. Shigeyoshi Sato
Low-Carbon Society Promotion Office,Global Environment Bureau,
Ministry of the Environment, JapanMr. Hiroshi Ito
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies
Mr. Naofumi Kosaka
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

Mr. Tsubasa Tomita
Low-Carbon Society Promotion Office,Global Environment Bureau,
Ministry of the Environment, JapanMr. Hiroyuki Ueda
Environment and Energy Dept., Mitsubishi
UFJ Research and Consulting Co., Ltd.

Mr. Takashi Morimoto
Environment and Energy Dept., Mitsubishi
UFJ Research and Consulting Co., Ltd.

Dr. Chisa Umemiya
Institute for Global Environmental
Strategies (IGES)

Prof. Yukihiro Nojiri
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,

Dr. Midori Yanagawa
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,―59―

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Annex II
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

of Environment, Green Development andTourism of Mongolia

Ms. Atsuko Yoshimura
Greenhouse Gas Inventory Office of Japan,
Center for Global Environmental Research,
National Institute for Environmental Studies

MYANMARMr. Than Aye
Environmental Conservation Department,
Ministry of Environmental Conservation andForestry

LAO PDR.
Mr. Immala Inthaboualy
Inventory and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation,
Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironment

Ms. Hnin Hnin Aye
Myanmar Electric Power Enterprise,
Ministry of Electric PowerMr. Myint Soe
Directorate of Industrial Planning Control
Department,
Ministry of Industry

Mr.Bounthee Saythongvanh
Inventory and Greenhouse Gas Mitigation,
Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironment

REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Dr. Jongchul Bang
GHG Mitigation Research Team,Greenhouse Gas Inventory Research Centerof Korea

Mr.Mone Nouansyvong
Technology Needs Assessment Project,
Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironment
MALAYSIA
Dr. Kok-Seng Yap
Environmental Management and Climate
Change, Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironmentProf. Seungdo Kim
Research Center for Climate Change
Hallym University
Dr. Sung-Kyun Kim
Korea Energy Economics Institute,
Climate Change Research Division

Mr. Muhammad Ridzwan Ali
Environmental Management and Climate
Change, Ministry of Natural Resources andEnvironment

Ms. Minjung Kwon
Korea Energy Agency

MONGOLIA
Ms.Tegshjargal Bumtsend
Climate Change Project Implementing Unit,
Nature Conservation Fund, Ministry ofEnvironment, Green Development andTourism of Mongolia
Ms. Sanaa Enkhtavian
Climate Change Project Implementing Unit,
Nature Conservation Fund, Ministry ofEnvironment, Green Development andTourism of Mongolia
Mr Gerelt-Od TSOGTBAATARInternational Cooperation Division, Ministry

Mr. Chang Hoon Lee
Department of Climate Change Response
Korea Environment Corporation
Mr. Seung Ju Moon
Department of Climate Change Response
Korea Environment Corporation
Mr. Sung Ho Shin
Department of Climate Change Response
Korea Environment Corporation
THAILAND
Dr. Natthanich Asvapoositkul
Office of Natural Resources and―60―

─ 62 ─

CGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIESGER-I126-2015,
CGER/NIES

Environmental Policy and Planning (ONEP)OTHERS

Mr. Satoshi Iemoto
Capacity Building and Outreach Office
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management
Organization (TGO)

IPCC TFI TSU
Dr. Baasansuren Jamsranjav
Technical Support Unit, Task Force on
National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Dr. Jakkanit Kananurak
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management
Organization (TGO)
Dr. Bundit Limmechokchai
Sustainable Energy & Low Carbon research
unit Sirinthorn International Institute ofTechnology, Thammasat University
Dr. Ladawan Puangchit
Sustainable Energy & Low Carbon research
unit Sirinthorn International Institute ofTechnology, Thammasat University
Mr. Thawatchai Somnam
Thailand Greenhouse Gas Management
Organization (TGO)
Dr. Sirintornthep Towprayoon
The Joint Graduate School of Energy andEnvironment, King Mongkut’s University ofTechnology Thonburi
VIETNAM
Dr. Nguyen Phuong Nam
Climate Change Mitigation Technology,
Vietnam Center for Technology Responding
to Climate Change

Mr. Kiyoto Tanabe
Technical Support Unit, Task Force on
National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
UNFCCCMr. Dominique André Revet
Mitigation, Data and Analysis (MDA)
Programme, UNFCCC Secretariat
FAO
Mr. Francesco Nicola TubielloEnvironment Statistics Division
Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nation
Dr. Mirella Salvatore
Climate, Energy and Tenure Division
Food and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nation
Australia, Department of theEnvironment
Mr. Mark Edward Hunstone
Land Inventory TeamMr. Nguyen Trong Nghia
Environment and Sustainable Development,
Institute for Industrial Policies andStrategies, Ministry of Industry and Trade
Ms. Nguyen Hong Hanh
Red River Delta Regional
Hydro-Meteorological Center
National Hydro Meteorological Service ofVietnam―61―

─ 63 ─