㻌㻌㻌㻌㻿㻹㻭㻾㼀㻲㻵㻾㻱㻌㻌㼂㻠㻚㻟㻌㻌᳨ドሗ࿌᭩㻌㻌
䠄ཎᮏ㻦㻌㻞㻜㻝㻟 ᖺ 㻥 ᭶ᨵゞ∧ 㻠㻚㻟㻚㻝䠅㻌

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㻞㻜㻝㻠 ᖺ 㻝 ᭶㻌㻌ᰴᘧ఍♫䝣䜷䞊䝷䝮䜶䜲䝖㻌

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㻲㻿㻱㻳 䛿䚸ⱥㄒ∧௨እ䛾እᅜㄒ∧䝬䝙䝳䜰䝹䛾ṇ☜䛥䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿㈐௵䜢ᣢ䛱䜎䛫䜣䚹㻌䜸䝸䝆䝘䝹䛾ⱥㄒ∧䛸௚䛾ゝㄒ䛾⩻ヂ∧䛸䛾㛫䛾▩┪䜔୙᫂☜䛥䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸ⱥㄒ∧䜢ඃඛ䛸䛧䜎䛩䚹㻌ఱ䛛␲ၥ➼䛤䛦䛔䜎䛧䛯䜙䚸㈍኎䝕䜱䞊䝷䞊䜎䛷䛤㐃⤡䛟䛰䛥䛔䚹㻌

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩┠ḟ┠ḟ ......................................................................................................................................................................... i1㻌 䛿䛨䜑䛻 ............................................................................................................................................................. 22㻌 ୍⯡ⓗ䛺≀⌮≉ᛶ䛾ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛾䜿䞊䝇...................................................................................................... 3
2.1㻌 SMARTFIRE䛾ᇶᮏⓗ䛺≀⌮≉ᛶ䛾᳨ド䇷ᑐὶ㡯䠄Convective term䠅 ................................................. 3
2.1.1㻌 SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ............................................................................................................................. 3
2.2㻌 䝅䞁䝯䝖䝸ቃ⏺᮲௳䝔䝇䝖 ............................................................................................................................ 4
2.2.1㻌 SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.3㻌 ᚋ㠃䛾ẁᕪ䜢㉺䛘䜛2ḟඖ䛾஘ὶ............................................................................................................. 6
2.3.1⤖ᯝ ........................................................................................................................................................ 7
2.4㻌 㛗䛔䝎䜽䝖䛾஘ὶ........................................................................................................................................ 9
2.4.1㻌 ⤖ᯝ.................................................................................................................................................... 10
2.5㻌 ✵Ὕ䛻䛚䛡䜛஘ὶ䛾ᾋຊὶ䜜䠄Turbulent buoyancy flow in a cavity䠅 .................................................. 122.5.1㻌 ⤖ᯝ.................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.6㻌 2D䛾✵Ὕ䛻䛚䛡䜛ὶ䜜䜢క䜟䛺䛔ᨺᑕ䠄Radiation䠅䛾᳨ド ................................................................. 16
2.6.1㻌 SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ........................................................................................................................... 183㻌 ⅆ⅏ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛾䜿䞊䝇 ............................................................................................................................... 21
3.1㻌 Steckler䛾ᐊෆⅆ⅏䠄Steckler Room Fire䠅 ............................................................................................... 21
3.1.1㻌 ⤖ᯝ.................................................................................................................................................... 22
3.2㻌 㤶

✵䛾䜿䞊䝇 .................................................................................................................................... 24

3.2.1㻌 SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ ......................................................................................................................... 24
3.3㻌 LPC-RUN-007䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁 ............................................................................................................ 26
3.3.1㻌 䛿䛨䜑䛻 ............................................................................................................................................. 26
3.3.2㻌 ⤖ᯝ.................................................................................................................................................... 284㻌 ⤖ㄽ䛸ᡤぢ ....................................................................................................................................................... 32
5㻌 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ .......................................................................................................................................................... 34i

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩1㻌㻌 䛿䛨䜑䛻
ᮏ᭩䛻♧䛧䛯䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸SMARTFIRE CFDⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾䝋䝣䝖䜴䜵䜰䛾᳨ド䛚䜘䜃ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹 ሗ࿌᭩䛿4⠇䛻ศ䛛䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹 2⠇䛿䚸SMARTFIRE䛻䛚䛡䜛ᇶᮏⓗ䛺≀⌮≉ᛶ䛜ṇ☜䛻ᐇ⿦䛥䜜䛯䛣䛸䜢᳨ド䛩䜛䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䜢ྵ䜣䛷䛔䜎䛩䚹 3⠇䛿䚸SMARTFIRE䛾ண䜢ⅆ⅏ᐇ㦂䛛䜙

ᚓ䜙䜜䛯䝕䞊䝍䛚䜘䜃䛭䛾䜋䛛䛾ⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝹䛻䜘䛳䛶⏕ᡂ䛥䜜䛯䝕䞊䝍䛸ẚ㍑䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹᭱ᚋ䛻䚸6⠇䛿ၥ㢟タᐃ䠄䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛻⏝䛔䛯䝯䝑䝅䝳䛺䛹䠅䛻㛵䛩䜛ヲ⣽᝟ሗ䛺䜙䜃䛻䛭䛾䜋䛛䛾䝴䞊䝄䞊䛜
SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ䜢෌⌧䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾㏣ຍⓗ䛺ヲ⣽᝟ሗ䜢ᥦ౪䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛿䛂1ᅇ䛚䛣䛺䛳䛶ᛀ䜜䜛䛃䝍䝇䜽䛷䛿䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹 䝁䞊䝗㛤Ⓨ⪅䛚䜘䜃䝴䞊䝄䞊䛜ཧຍ䛩䜉䛝⥅⥆ⓗ䛺άື䛷䛩䚹䛥䜙䛻ከ䛟䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛜㛤Ⓨ䛥䜜䚸SMARTFIRE䛾ᶵ⬟䛜ᣑ኱䛩䜛䛻ᚑ䛳䛶䚸ᮏሗ࿌᭩䛜᫬㛫䛸䛸䜒䛻Ⓨᒎ䛧䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛜ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹SMARTFIRE䛾䝴䞊䝄䞊䛿䚸䛭䛾䜋䛛䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䜢㛤Ⓨ䛧䚸⤖ᯝ䜢䝁䞊䝗㛤Ⓨ⪅䛻ሗ࿌䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ዡບ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹᳨ド䞉ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䜢ሗ࿌䛩䜛䛸䛝䛿䚸
SMARTFIRE䛾タᐃ䛻㛵䛩䜛᏶඲䛺ヲ⣽ෆᐜ䚸䛚䜘䜃SMARTFIRE䛻䜘䜛ண䛸ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䛯⤖ᯝ䜢ẚ㍑䛾

䛯䜑䛻ᥦ౪㢪䛔䜎䛩䚹ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛾䜿䞊䝇䛾ሗ࿌䛿e䝯䞊䝹䛷smartfire@gre.ac.uk ᐄ䛻㏦௜㢪䛔䜎䛩䚹≉䛻グ㏙䛜䛺䛔䛛䛞䜚䚸䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛻䛚䛔䛶௨ୗ䛾ᮦᩱ䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱䛜౑⏝䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱✵Ẽ䠄AIR䠅

ᬑ㏻䜜䜣䛜䠄COMMON BRICK䠅䠅ఏᑟ⋡ᐃᩘ䠄CONDUCTIVITY CONSTANT䠅⢓ᗘᐃᩘ䠄VISCOSITY CONSTANT䠅⮬↛≧ែ䠄NATURAL STATE䠅⇕⭾ᙇ䠄THERMAL EXPANSION䠅ᐦᗘ䠄DENSITY䠅ศᏊ㔞䠄MOLECULAR WEIGHT䠅ẚ⇕ᐃᩘ䠄SPECIFIC HEAT CONSTANT䠅

0.026221.56 5
Ẽయ䠄Gas䠅
0.003292⌮᝿Ẽయἲ๎䜢㐺⏝
29.35
1045.78

0.69
1e+010ᅛయ䠄Solid䠅
0
1600
䛺䛧
840

≉䛻グ㏙䛜䛺䛔䛛䛞䜚䚸䛣䛾ᩥ᭩䛷⏝䛔䜛CFD䝁䞊䝗䛿௨ୗ䛾䛸䛚䜚䛷䛩䚹
SMARTFIRE v4.3㻌 〇㐀995䚸䜾䝸䝙䝑䝆኱Ꮫ䠄University of Greenwich䠅FSEG 〇స䚸௨ୗ䛂SMARTFIRE
V4.3䛃䜎䛯䛿䛂SMF V4.3䛃䛸⾲グ䚹
PHOENICS v2.1.3䚸ⱥᅜCHAM Ltd♫䛻䜘䜚〇స䚸䛚䜘䜃
CFDS-FLOW3D v2.3.2䚸ⱥᅜAEA Technology♫〇స䚹
FSEG䛿᭱㏆䚸ⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾䛾䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽/ᶆ‽䠄Fire Modelling Benchmarks/Standards䠅䛻㛵䛩䜛ᡂᯝ䜢ᥦฟ䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䛾䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽/ᶆ‽᱌䛾┠ⓗ䛿䚸≉ᐃ䛾ⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻㛵䛩䜛≉ᐃ䛾䝰䝕䝹౑⏝䛾ጇᙜᛶホ౯䛻䛚䛔䛶ⅆ⅏Ᏻ඲ᢎㄆᶵ㛵䜢ᨭ᥼䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䛩䚹 䛣䛾䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽䛿2ẁ㝵䛻ศ䛛䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹➨1ẁ㝵䛾┠ⓗ䛿䚸ྠ୍䜎䛯䛿ྠ➼䛾䝰䝕䝹䜢౑⏝䛧䛶䛩䜉䛶䛾䝋䝣䝖䜴䜵䜰〇ရ䛾䝔䝇䝖䜢䛚䛣䛺䛖䛣䛸䛷䛩䚹䝔䝇䝖䛾➨2ẁ㝵䛷䛿䚸䝋䝣䝖䜴䜵䜰䛾඲ᶵ⬟䛾ᐇドᐇ㦂䜢䛚䛣䛺䛔䜎䛩䚹䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾ẁ㝵䛻䛚
䛔䛶䚸5௳䛾㠀ⅆ⅏䠄CFD䠅䛚䜘䜃5௳䛾ⅆ⅏䜿䞊䝇䛾䝔䝇䝖䛜䛚䛣䛺䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹䛥䜙䛻ヲ⣽䛺ෆᐜ䛿䚸FSEG䛾䜴䜵䝤䝃䜲䝖[1]䚸䛺䜙䜃䛻➨1ẁ㝵䠄Phase 1䠅[2]䛚䜘䜃➨2ẁ㝵䠄Phase 2䠅[3] 䛾ྛᩥ᭩䛻ᥖ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹2

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩2㻌㻌 ୍⯡ⓗ䛺≀⌮≉ᛶ䛾ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛾䜿䞊䝇
2.1㻌 SMARTFIRE 䛾ᇶᮏⓗ䛺≀⌮≉ᛶ䛾᳨ド䇷ᑐὶ㡯䠄Convective term䠅ᮏ䝔䝇䝖䛿䚸SMARTFIRE V4.3䛻䛚䛡䜛ᑐὶ㡯䛜ṇ☜䛻ᶵ⬟䛩䜛䛛ྰ䛛䜢᳨ド䛧䜎䛩䚹ᮏ䝔䝇䝖䛿䚸༢⣧䛺
2-D䝪䝑䜽䝇䛻䛚䛡䜛ὶయ䛾ὶ䜜䛜㛵ಀ䛧䜎䛩䚹 ὶయ䛿྾Ẽཱྀ䛛䜙ᆒ୍䛻䝪䝑䜽䝇䛻ὶධ䛧䚸྾Ẽཱྀ䛾཯ᑐഃ䛻タ⨨䛥䜜䛯᤼Ẽཱྀ䜢㏻䛨䛶ὶฟ䛧䜎䛩䠄ᅗ1ཧ↷䠅䚹 ὶయᗘ䛿ᆒ୍䛷䛩䚹 ᮏ䝔䝇䝖䛿䚸ṇ㈇䛾᪉ྥ䛻

䛚䛡䜛3䛴䛾ᗙᶆ᪉ྥ䠄x䚸y䚸z䠅䛻䛚䛔䛶⧞䜚㏉䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹 䛧䛯䛜䛳䛶䚸䛩䜉䛶ྠ୍䛾⤖ᯝ䜢䜒䛯䜙䛩䜉䛝6䛴䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛜⏕䛨䜎䛩䚹 䛣䜜䜙䛩䜉䛶䛾䝔䝇䝖䛿䚸⇕ఏ㐩䜢⏝䛔䛶䚸䛥䜙䛻䛿⇕ఏ㐩䛚䜘䜃ᾋຊ䜢⏝䛔䛶⧞䜚㏉䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹 䝅䞁䝯䝖䝸䛺㠃䜢౑⏝䛧䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䚸ᙧ≧䛛䜙ὶฟ䛩䜛ὶ䜜䛿䚸ὶධ᫬䛸୍ᵝ䛻ྠ䛨㏿ᗘ䛷ฟ䛶⾜䛝䚸䜎䛯㡿ᇦ඲య䛻䜟䛯䛳䛶ྠ䛨㏿ᗘ䜢⥔ᣢ䛩䜛䛿䛪䛷䛩䚹ᅗ 1 - 2D 䛾ὶ䜜䛾䜿䞊䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛ᙧ≧

2.1.1㻌 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝa) ὶ䜜䛾䜏䚸⇕ఏ㐩䛚䜘䜃ᾋຊ䛿䛺䛧䝝䜲䝤䝸䝑䝗:᭱኱㏿ᗘ:1.0 m/s䠄⛊䠅䚸 ᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚹㢼ୖ:㻌 ᭱኱㏿ᗘ:㻌 1.0 m/s䚸᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ:㻌 1.0 m/s䚹ᣦᩘ:㻌 ᭱኱㏿ᗘ:㻌 1.0 m/s䚸᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ:㻌 1.0 m/s䚹ᅗ2䛷⤖ᯝ䛜⾲♧䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹SMARTFIREV4.3䛾ᑐὶ䛾ฎ⨨䛜ṇ䛧䛔䛸䛔䛖䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜚䜎䛩䚹 ὶ䜜䛾᪉ྥ䛜䛭䜜䛮䜜y䛸z䛻ἢ䛳䛶ኚ᭦䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹 ⤖ᯝ䛿x᪉ྥ䛷ᚓ䜙䜜䛯䜒䛾䛸୍⮴䛧䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷䚸䛣䛣䛻䛭䜜䜙䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩䜛ᚲせ䛿䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹3

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 2- ྾Ẽཱྀ䛾ṇ㈇䛾 u ㏿ᗘ䛻㛵䛩䜛䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾ィ⟬⤖ᯝb) ὶ䜜䛚䜘䜃⇕ఏ㐩䛒䜚䚸ᾋຊ䛿䛺䛧୍⯡ⓗ䛻䚸⤖ᯝ䛿ᅗ2䛻㢮ఝ䛧䛶䛔䜛䛯䜑䚸㢮ఝ䛩䜛ᅗ䜢♧䛩ᚲせ䛿䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹 䛣䛾䝃䝤䝉䜽䝅䝵䞁䛷䛿䚸䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺䝇䜻䞊䝮䜢௨ୗ䛾䛸䛚䜚ẚ㍑䛧䜎䛩䚹䝝䜲䝤䝸䝑䝗䠄Hybrid䠅: ᭱኱㏿ᗘ:1.0 m/s䚸᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚹㢼ୖ䠄Upwind䠅: ᭱኱㏿ᗘ:1.0 m/s䚸᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚹ᣦᩘ䠄Exponential䠅: ᭱኱㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚸᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚹䜉䛝ἲ๎䠄Power Law䠅: ᭱኱㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚸᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚹c) ὶ䜜䚸⇕ఏ㐩䚸䛚䜘䜃ᾋຊ᭱኱㏿ᗘ:1.0 m/s䚸᭱ᑠ㏿ᗘ: 1.0 m/s䚹2.2㻌 䝅䞁䝯䝖䝸ቃ⏺᮲௳䝔䝇䝖䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸䝅䞁䝯䝖䝸䠄ᑐ⛠䠅᮲௳䛜SMARTFIRE V4.3䛷ṇ☜䛻᣺䜛⯙䛖䛛䛹䛖䛛䜢ヨ㦂䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛷䛿䚸⊃䛔䝎䜽䝖䛛䜙䛥䜙䛻ᗈ䛔䝎䜽䝖䛻ὶ䜜䛜ᣑ኱䛧䜎䛩䚹 䛭䛾タᐃ䜢ᅗ3䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䚹䝅䞁䝯䝖䝸䛻䜘䜛⤖ᯝ䛸䝎䜽䝖඲య䛻䜘䜛⤖ᯝ䜢ẚ㍑䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸2㏻䜚䛾᪉ἲ䛷䜿䞊䝇䜢䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝖䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䛩䛺䜟䛱䚸ὶ䜜䛾඲య㡿ᇦ䛸䚸ᑐ⛠⥺䜢⏝䛔䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜛㡿ᇦ඲య䛾༙ศ䛷䛩䚹4

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩

ᅗ 3 - ᑐ⛠⥺䛻䜘䜚䝎䜽䝖䜢ᣑ኱䛩䜛

2.2.1㻌 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝ䝅䞁䝯䝖䝸᮲௳䜢㐺⏝䛧䛯㡿ᇦ䛾༙ศ䛾ὶ䜜䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗䛸䚸㡿ᇦ඲య䛾䜿䞊䝇䝅䝇䝔䝮䛜䛭䜜䛮䜜௨ୗ䛾ᅗ4
䛚䜘䜃5䛻䝥䝻䝑䝖䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹᤼Ẽཱྀ䛻䛚䛡䜛㏿ᗘศᕸ䛿ᅗ6䛻䝥䝻䝑䝖䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹ᅗ 4 - 䝅䝇䝔䝮䛾༙ศ䜢⏝䛔䜛䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䜘䛳䛶⏕ᡂ䛥䜜䛯ὶ䜜䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗ᅗ 5 - 䝅䝇䝔䝮඲య䜢⏝䛔䜛䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䜘䛳䛶⏕ᡂ䛥䜜䛯ὶ䜜䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗5

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩

ᅗ 6 -᤼Ẽཱྀ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗඲య䛸䝅䞁䝯䝖䝸䛾䜿䞊䝇ẚ㍑
ୖᅗ䛛䜙䛾⤖ᯝ䛿䚸ᵝ䚻䛺᳨ド⤖ᯝ䛜ᵝ䚻䛺◊✲⪅䛛䜙ᚓ䜙䜜䜎䛩䛜䚸SMARTFIRE V4.3䛾ᶵ⬟ෆ䛾ᑐ⛠≧ែ䛜ὶ䜜䛻ᑐ䛧䛶༑ศពᅗ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䜢♧၀䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹

2.3㻌 ᚋ㠃䛾ẁᕪ䜢㉺䛘䜛 2 ḟඖ䛾஘ὶ䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䛿䚸SMARTFIRE k-ε ஘ὶ䝰䝕䝹䜢᳨ド䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᥦ᱌䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹 SMARTFIRE V4.3䚸
PHOENICS䛚䜘䜃FLOW3D䛾㛫䛷ẚ㍑䛜ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䜎䛩䠷14䠹䚹 ὶ䜜䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱䛚䜘䜃ቃ⏺᮲௳䜢௨ୗ䛻グ㏙䛩䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸㓄⨨タᐃ䜢ᅗ7䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䚹

ᅗ 7- ᚋ㠃䛾ẁᕪ䠄Backward facing step䠅䛾㓄⨨タᐃὶయ䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱

6

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩3

ᐦᗘ: 1 kg/ m ,⢓ᗘ: 1.101E-5kg/ms.
྾Ẽཱྀ䛻䛚䛡䜛ቃ⏺᮲௳㏿ᗘ: 13.0 m/s,22㐠ື䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊: 0.7605 m /s ,2ᾘᩓ⋡: 31.78 m /s3䛣䛾ၥ㢟䛻⇕ఏ㐩䛿䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹SMARTFIRE䛚䜘䜃FLOW3D䛿䚸ྠ䛨ቨ㛵ᩘබᘧ䜢⏝䛔䜎䛩䚹୍᪉䚸
PHOENICS䛿䚸␗䛺䜛ቨ㛵ᩘබᘧ䜢⏝䛔䜎䛩䚹

2.3.1 ⤖ᯝ෌௜╔䝫䜲䞁䝖
෌௜╔䝫䜲䞁䝖䛸䛿䚸x᪉ྥ䛾ୗὶ䛻఩⨨䛧䚸ᚋ᪉䛻㠃䛧䛯ẁ䛾䛯䜑䛻ὶ䜜䛾෌ᚠ⎔䛜䜎䛳䛯䛟䛺䛟䛺䜛ᆅⅬ䛷䛩䚹ୗᅗ䛷䚸෌௜╔䝫䜲䞁䝖䛿P䛻䜘䛳䛶♧䛥䜜䚸ẁ䛛䜙䝫䜲䞁䝖P䜈䛾㊥㞳䛿s䛷䛩䚹௨ୗ䛾CFD䝁䞊䝗䛻䜘䛳䛶ண䛥䜜䛯ẁ䛾㧗䛥(h) 䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ẚ⋡䛿䚸SMARTFIRE V4.3: 5.7䚸PHOENICS: 6.55䚸FLOW3D: 5.16䛷䛩䚹 ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䛻䜘䜛䛸䚸䛣䛾ẚ⋡䛿7.1䛸䛺䜛䛿䛪䛷䛩 䠷4䚸5䠹䚹
䛩䜉䛶䛾4䛴䛾䝁䞊䝗䛿㢮ఝ䛧䛯෌௜╔䝫䜲䞁䝖䛾್䜢ண㐣ᑠ䛺ண䜢䛚䛣䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹 SMARTFIRE䛾ண䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䜎䛯䛩䜉䛶䛾䝁䞊䝗䛜ṇ䛧䛔್䜘䜚䜒

䛿䚸PHOENICS䛸FLOW3D䛾ண䛾୰㛫䛻䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾್䛿䚸䛥䜙䛺䜛䝯䝑䝅䝳ᨵⰋ䛻䜘䛳䛶ᨵၿ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹㏿ᗘศᕸᅗ䠄Velocity profiles䠅෌௜╔㊥㞳䛻ຍ䛘䛶䚸䝎䜽䝖ෆ䛾䛔䛟䛴䛛䛾఩⨨䛻䛚䛡䜛㏿ᗘศᕸᅗ䛾ண䜢ẚ㍑䛩䜛䛣䛸䜒㔜せ䛷䛩䚹 䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛷䛿䚸SMARTFIRE V4.3䚸PHOENICS䚸FLOW3D䛻䜘䛳䛶⏕ᡂ䛥䜜䛯᤼Ẽཱྀ䚸䛚䜘䜃྾Ẽཱྀ䛛䜙
0.285m䛾ᆅⅬ䛷䛾U㏿ᗘ䛾ศᕸᅗ䜢ẚ㍑䛧䜎䛩䚹2䛴䛾␗䛺䜛఩⨨䛷䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛻ᑐ䛩䜛U㏿ᗘ䝥䝻䝣䜱䞊䝹䛿ୗグ䛻⾲♧䛥䜜䛯䛸䛚䜚䛷䛩䚹
SMARTFIRE㏿ᗘ䝥䝻䝣䜱䞊䝹䛿PHOENICS䛸FLOW3D䛾䝥䝻䝣䜱䞊䝹䛻㠀ᖖ䛻㏆䛔䛷䛩䚹䛭䛾ẚ㍑䛿
SMARTFIRE k-ε ΰ஘䝰䝕䝹䛿PHOENICS䛒䜛䛔䛿FLOW3D䛸ྠᵝ䛺ືస䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䜢⾲♧䛧䜎䛩䚹

7

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩

ᅗ 8 - ᤼Ẽཱྀ䛻䛚䛡䜛㧗䛥䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㏿ᗘ U

8SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩

ᅗ 9 -྾Ẽཱྀ䛛䜙 0.285m 䛾㧗䛥䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㏿ᗘ U

2.4㻌 㛗䛔䝎䜽䝖䛾஘ὶ䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䛷䛿䚸஘ὶ䛾⇕ఏ㐩䛸㛵㐃䛵䛡䛯SMARTFIRE k-ε ஘ὶ䝰䝕䝹䜢᳨ド䛧䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸㐣ཤ䛻PHOENICS䜢⏝䛔䛶༑ศ䛻ㄪᰝ䛥䜜䚸PHOENICS䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䝷䜲䝤䝷䝸䛾୍㒊䛸䛺䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䜿䞊䝇䛾ᙧ≧䛿ᅗ1䛻♧䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹9

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 10 - 㛗䛔䝎䜽䝖䛾஘ὶ䛾㓄⨨ᵓᡂὶయ䛾䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱
ఏᑟ⋡:㻌 0.07179䠄W/mK䠅3

ᐦᗘ: 1䠄kg/ m 䠅⢓ᗘ: 5e-5䠄kg/ms䠅
ẚ⇕: 1005䠄J/kgK䠅྾Ẽཱྀ䛾᮲௳
㏿ᗘ: 50m/s
22஘ὶ䛾㐠ື䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊: 11.25䠄 m / s 䠅23ᾘᩓ⋡: 1378.0䠄 m /s 䠅䜶䞁䝍䝹䝢䞊: 10䠄J/kg䠅ቨ䛾᮲௳ᅛᐃ䜶䞁䝍䝹䝢䞊್:䠄1J/kg䠅䚹䛣䛾ၥ㢟䛷ᾋຊ䛿⏝䛔䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛫䜣䚹
2ḟඖ䝯䝑䝅䝳䛿୙ᆒ୍䛻ศᕸ䛧䚸䝉䝹๭ᙜ䛶ᩘ䛿600䠄20㽢30䠅䛷䛩䚹

2.4.1㻌 ⤖ᯝ
SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ䜢PHOENICS䛾⤖ᯝ䛸ẚ㍑䛧䜎䛩䚹 ẚ㍑䛻䛿䚸᤼Ẽཱྀ䛻䛚䛔䛶䝎䜽䝖䜢ᶓ᩿䛩䜛䜶䞁䝍䝹䝢䞊䛚䜘䜃㏿ᗘ䛾ศᕸᅗ䛜ྵ䜎䜜䜎䛩䚹

10

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 11 - ᤼Ẽཱྀ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝎䜽䝖䛾㍈⥺䛛䜙䛾㊥㞳䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䝥䝻䝑䝖䛧䛯䜶䞁䝍䝹䝢䞊ᅗ 12 -᤼Ẽཱྀ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝎䜽䝖䛾㍈⥺䛛䜙䛾㊥㞳䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䝥䝻䝑䝖䛧䛯㏿ᗘୖグ䛾⤖ᯝ䛛䜙䚸SMARTFIRE䛚䜘䜃PHOENICS䛾஘ὶ䛾⇕ఏ㐩㛵ᩘ䛿㢮ఝ䛾⤖ᯝ䜢䜒䛯䜙䛩䛣䛸䛜♧၀

11

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹SMARTFIRE䛿ྠ䛨⤖ᯝ䜢ᚓ䜎䛩䚹

2.5㻌 ✵Ὕ䛻䛚䛡䜛஘ὶ䛾ᾋຊὶ䜜䠄Turbulent buoyancy flow in a cavity䠅䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛷䛿䚸஘ὶ䝰䝕䝹䚸஘ὶ䛾⇕ఏ㐩䚸䛚䜘䜃ᾋຊ䝰䝕䝹䜢⪃ᐹ䛧䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸䛭䛾䜋䛛ఱே䛛䛾◊✲⪅䛻䜘䛳䛶⏝䛔䜙䜜䛯䛣䛸䛜䛒䜛[6]ᶆ‽ⓗ䛺䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛷䛒䜚䚸PHOENICS䛾䝔䝇䝖䝷䜲䝤䝷䝸䛾୍㒊䜢ᙧᡂ䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹SMARTFIRE䛜⏝䛔䛯஘ὶ䝰䝕䝹䛿䚸Launder 䛚䜘䜃 Spalding [7]䛾䝰䝕
䝹䛻䜒䛸䛵䛟䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛻౑䜟䜜䛯ᙧ≧䛿ୗ䛾ᅗ䛷ᥥ෗䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹ᅗ 13 . 䝎䜽䝖ෆ䛾ᾋຊὶ䜜䛾㓄⨨タᐃὶయ䛾䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱
ఏᑟ⋡䛿2.852158䠄W/mK䠅
3ᐦᗘ䛿1.071䠄 kg/m 䠅ẚ⇕䛿1.008e 䠇 03䠄J/kgK䠅⢓ᗘ䛿2.0383e-05䠄kg/ms䠅⇕⭾ᙇ䛿3.029385e-03䠄1/K䠅

12

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ቃ⏺᮲௳㧗䛾ቨ䠄 t h 䠅: ᐃᩘప䛾ቨ䠄 t c 䠅: ᐃᩘ307.2䠄K䠅ᗘ䠄353.0K䠅

䛭䛾䜋䛛䛾ቨ䛿᩿⇕䛷䛩䚹
2㏻䜚䛾䝉䝹๭ᙜ䛶㔞䛜⏝䛔䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䠖 1䛴䛿䚸14400䠄120㽢120)䛷䚸୙ᆒ୍䛻ศᕸ䛧䛯䝯䝑䝅䝳䜢⏝䛔䜎䛩䚹ᾋຊ䜢䝰䝕䝹໬䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䝤䝅䝛䝇䜽㏆ఝ್䛜⏝䛔䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹 ὶ䜜䛜ప䝬䝑䝝ᩘ䛾⠊ᅖ䠄䛩䛺䜟䛱ள㡢㏿䠅䛻䛒䜚䚸䛛䛴ቨ┦஫㛫䛾ᗘᕪ䛜ᑠ䛥䛔䛯䜑䚸䝤䝅䝛䝇䜽㏆ఝ್䛜㐺ษ䛷䛩䚹䛧䛯䛜䛳䛶䚸᏶඲䛺஘ὶฎ⌮䛿୙⏝䛷䛩䚹

2.5.1㻌㻌 ⤖ᯝ䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛷䚸ᆶ┤㏿ᗘ䝥䝻䝣䜱䞊䝹䛾SMARTFIREணἢ䛳䛯䠄䝔䝇䝖䝉䝹䜈ୖ䛜䜛㏵୰䠅䚸ᆶ┤୰ᚰ⥺䛻ᗘ䛿 ᐇ 㦂 䝕䞊 䝍䛸 ẚ ㍑䛥 䜜 䜎 䛩 䚹 SMARTFIRE 䠄 ཧ ↷ 䠷 6 䠹 䛻 䛒䜛 ⤖ ᯝ䛸 ẚ ㍑䛥 䜜 䜛 䛸 䛝䠅 䛿 䚸

SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ䛜⾲♧䛩䜛⤖ᯝ䛻䛸䛶䜒㏆䛔䛣䛸䜢♧䛧䜎䛩䚹 ḟ䛾ᅗ䛷䚸䛂EXP䛃䛿Cheesewright et al䠷7䠹䛻䜘䛳䛶ᚓ䜙䜜䜛ᐇ㦂䝕䞊䝍䜢⾲䛧䜎䛩䚹13

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 14 - y/H䠙0.5 䛻䛚䛡䜛ண14㏿ᗘ䠄y ᪉ྥ䠅ศᕸᅗ

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 15 - SMARTFIRE 䛜㖄┤䛾୰ᚰ⥺䛻ἢ䛳䛯ᒁᡤὀ㔘䠖 Tc 䛸 Th 䛿䛭䜜䛮䜜෭㛫ᅽᘏ䛸⇕㛫ᅽᘏ䛾ᗘ䜢⾲䛧䜎䛩䚹

15

ᗘ䜢ண

䚹

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 16 - SMARTFIRE 䛜 y/H=0.5 䛻䛚䛡䜛஘ὶ䛾ᦂື䚸k 䜢ண 䚹

ഛ⪃:㻌 䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛻㛵䛧䛶䚸᏶඲䛺཰᮰䜢㐩ᡂ䛩䜛䛾䛿ᅔ㞴䛷䛩䚹䛧䛯䛜䛳䛶䚸ᘱ⦆ಀᩘ䚸≉䛻y-᪉ྥ䛻䛚䛡䜛v䚸x-᪉ྥ䛻䛚䛡䜛u䚸㐠ື䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䚸䛚䜘䜃䛭䛾ᾘᩓ⋡䜢ྵ䜑䛯ኚᩘ䛻㛵䛩䜛ಀᩘ䛿䚸ప䜑䛾䝺䝧䝹䛻タᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛾ሙྜ䚸0.15䛻ప䛟タᐃ䛧䜎䛩䚹䛭䛖䛧䛺䛔䛸䚸䝋䝸䝳䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿䝇䝔䝑䝥䛤䛸䛻ኚື䛧䜎䛩䚹 SMARTFIRE V4䛜SMARTFIRE V2.01䜘䜚䜒Ⰻዲ䛺⤖ᯝ䜢䜒䛯䜙䛩䛣䛸䛜䜟䛛䜚䜎䛩䚹

2.6㻌 2D 䛾✵Ὕ䛻䛚䛡䜛ὶ䜜䜢క䜟䛺䛔ᨺᑕ䠄Radiation䠅䛾᳨ド䛣䜜䜙䛾䝔䝇䝖䛿䚸SMARTFIRE䛾6䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹䛾ᐇ⿦䜢⪃ᐹ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻タィ䛥䜜䚸ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸㧗䛚䜘䜃ప䛾ቨ䜢క䛖✵Ὕෆ䛾ᨺᑕ䚸䛺䜙䜃䛻፹యෆ䛾ᆒ୍䛺ᗘศᕸ䛜㛵ಀ䛧䜎䛩䚹 ᩓ஘䛿↓ど䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹 䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛷⏝䛔䜛ᙧ≧䜢ୗ䛾ᅗ17䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䚹SMARTFIRE V4.3䛻䛚䛔䛶⏝䛔䜙䜜䜛ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹䛾ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛿䚸⌮ㄽⓗ䛺⤖ᯝ䛸༑ศ୍⮴䛧䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹16

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩

ᅗ 17 - SMARTFIRE 䛾 6 䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛾ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹䛾 2D ᳨ド䚹䛣䛾䝅䝘䝸䜸䛻㛵䛧䛶䚸6䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䝰䝕䝹䛾ᩘᘧ䛻䜒䛸䛵䛔䛶ཝᐦ䛺ゎᯒⓗᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䜢Ỵᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ྍ⬟䛷䛩䚹 Th , Tc , Tm , ε h , ε c 䛚䜘䜃 α 䛿䛭䜜䛮䜜䚸㧗䛾ᨺᑕ⋡䚸ప䛾ቨ㈇䛾x᪉ྥ䛻ἢ䛳䛯ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇 F 䛿䚸௨ୗ䛾䛸䛚䜚䛷䛩䚹D exp( D ( L  x))  V (1  exp( D ( L  x)))Tm4

䛣䛣䛷䚸

D

(1  H c )C  H cV Tc4 㻌 㻌 C=B/A

 V (1  exp( DL))Tm4

A 1  (1  H h )(1  H c ) exp( 2DL)ṇ䛾x᪉ྥ䛻ἢ䛳䛯ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇 F 䛿䚸௨ୗ䛾䛸䛚䜚䛷䛩䚹

F

䛾ቨ

ᗘ䚸፹య䛾

ᗘ䚸㧗

䛾ቨ

䛾ቨ䛾ᨺᑕ⋡䚸䛚䜘䜃䚸፹య䛾྾཰ಀᩘ䜢ព࿡䛧䜎䛩䚹 6䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䝰䝕䝹䛻䜘䜛Ỵᐃ䛻ᚑ䛖ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛾ཝᐦ䛺ゎᯒⓗ䝋䝸䝳䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢௨ୗ䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䚹

F

ᗘ䚸ప

D exp( Dx)  V (1  exp( Dx))Tm4

䛣䛣䛷䚸

17

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩䛣䛣䛷䚸σ䛿䝇䝔䝣䜯䞁-䝪䝹䝒䝬䞁ᐃᩘ䛷䛩䚹䝔䝇䝖䛿ᨺᑕ⋡䛚䜘䜃྾཰ಀᩘ䛾䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺್䜢⏝䛔䛶⧞䜚㏉䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹

2.6.1㻌㻌 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝᮏ䝰䝕䝹䛾ண
፹య䛾䜢ཝᐦ䛺䝋䝸䝳䞊䝅䝵䞁䛸ẚ㍑䛧䜎䛩䚹 䛣䜜䜙䛾ẚ㍑䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸㧗䛾ቨ䚸ప䛾ቨ䚸䛚䜘䜃

ᗘ䛿䛭䜜䛮䜜䚸774K䚸304K䚸䛚䜘䜃574K䛷䛩䚹 ✵Ὕ䛾㛗䛥L䛿1m䛷䛩䚹 䝉䝹䛾䝃䜲䝈䛿0.0222m

䛷䛩䚹a) ፹య䛾྾཰ಀᩘ䛿䝊䝻䚸ᨺᑕ⋡䛿1.0䛷䛩䚹

ε all 1.0 䛛䛴 α 0.0 䛾ሙྜ䚸⤖ᯝ䜢ୗ䛾⾲䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䠄⾲1䠅䚹ὶయὶ䜜䛜䛺䛔䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛཰᮰ᇶ‽䛿䚸ᑡ䛺䛟䛸䜒 10

6

䛾ᑠ䛥䛥䛻

タᐃ䛧䛺䛡䜜䜀䛺䜙䛺䛔䛣䛸䛻ὀព䛧䜎䛩䚹

⾲1-

ε all

1.0 䚸 α 0.0 䛾䛸䛝䛾ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ䛚䜘䜃 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇

⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ

SMARTFIRE V2.01

SMARTFIRE V4.0

FF+

4.8423E+02
2.0348E+04

4.826421E+02
2.032181E+04

4.826421E+02
2.032182E+04

᭱኱┦ᑐㄗᕪ䠘1䠂䚹b) ፹య䛾྾཰ಀᩘ䛿䝊䝻䚸ᨺᑕ⋡䛿0.7䛷䛩䚹ε

0.7 䛛䛴 α 0.0 䛾ሙྜ䚸F;

HV Th4 (1  H )V (HTc4  (1  H )HTh4 )1  (1  H )(1  H )⤖ᯝ䜢ୗ䛾⾲䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䠄⾲2䠅䚹

⾲2-

ε all

0.7 α 0.0䚸䛾䛸䛝䛾ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ䛚䜘䜃 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝ

䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇

⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ

SMARTFIRE V2.01

SMARTFIRE V4.00

FF+

1.59518E+04
5.060E+03

1.574355E+04
5.060915E+03

1.574354E+04
5.060914E+03

18

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩᭱኱┦ᑐㄗᕪ䠘1䠂䚹c) ፹య䛾྾཰ಀᩘ䛿1䚸ᨺᑕ⋡䛿1.0䛷䛩䚹௒ᅇ䛿፹య䛛䜙䛾྾཰䛜䛒䜛䛯䜑䚸䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛿ኚ఩䛻౫Ꮡ䛧䜎䛩䚹 ⤖ᯝ䜢ୗᅗ䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䚹

ᅗ 18 -ε all

1.0 䚸 α 1.0 䛾䛸䛝䛾㈇䛾ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ䛚䜘䜃 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝᅗ 19 -ε all

1.0 α 1.0䚸䛾䛸䛝䛾ṇ䛾ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ䛚䜘䜃 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝ᭱኱┦ᑐㄗᕪ䠘1䠂䚹

19

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩d) ፹య䛾྾཰ಀᩘ䛿1䚸ᨺᑕ⋡䛿0.7䛷䛩䚹௒ᅇ䛿፹య䛛䜙䛾྾཰䛜䛒䜛䛯䜑䚸䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛿ኚ఩䛻౫Ꮡ䛧䜎䛩䚹⤖ᯝ䜢ୗᅗ䛻♧䛧䜎䛩䚹

ᅗ 20 -

ε all

0.7 䚸 α 1.0 䛾䛸䛝䛾㈇䛾ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ䛚䜘䜃 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝᅗ 21 -ε all

0.7 α 1.0䚸䛾䛸䛝䛾ṇ䛾ᨺᑕ䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛻㛵䛩䜛⌮ㄽⓗ⤖ᯝ䛚䜘䜃 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝ᭱኱┦ᑐㄗᕪ䠘1䠂䚹䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䛛䜙䛾⤖ᯝ䛿6-䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䝰䝕䝹䛜ṇ☜䛻ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䛯䛣䛸䜢♧၀䛧䜎䛩䚹

20

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩3㻌㻌 ⅆ⅏ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛾䜿䞊䝇
3.1㻌 Steckler 䛾ᐊෆⅆ⅏䠄Steckler Room Fire䠅
Steckler䜙 [10]䛿䚸ⅆ⅏䛻ㄏⓎ䛥䜜䛯ὶ䜜䜢ㄪᰝ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸༊⏬ෆ㒊䛻䛚䛡䜛୍㐃䛾ⅆ⅏ᐇ㦂䜢ᐇ᪋䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹 䛣䜜䜙䛾ⅆ⅏䝔䝇䝖䛛䜙ᚓ䜙䜜䛯ᐇ㦂䝕䞊䝍䛿䚸䝌䞊䞁䛸䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗୧᪉䛾ⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝹䛾ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝᡭ
㡰䛾୍⎔䛸䛧䛶⏝䛔䜙䜜䛶䛝䜎䛧䛯䚹 䛣䛾䝕䞊䝍䛿䚸ᑠつᶍ䛾༊⏬䛻䛚䛡䜛㠀ᣑᩓ䛾ⅆ⅏䜢⾲䛧䜎䛩䚹୍㐃
䛾45௳䛾ᐇ㦂䛜Steckler䜙䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸ᖹ㠃ᅗ䛻䛚䛔䛶2.8m㽢2.8m䚸㧗䛥2.18m䛾༊⏬䛻䛚䛡䜛ⅆ⅏䛻ㄏⓎ䛥䜜䛯ὶ䜜䜢ㄪᰝ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻ᐇ᪋䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䠄ᅗ22ཧ↷䠅䚹 ቨ䛚䜘䜃ኳ஭䛿ཌ䛥0.1m䛷䛒䜚䚸䝉䝷䝭䝑䜽䝣䜯䜲䝞䞊〇䛾⤯⦕ᯈ䛷⿕そ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹ᐇ㦂䛿30ศ௨ෆ䛻䛂䜋䜌ᐃᖖ≧ែ䛃䛻㐩䛧䛯䛣䛸䛜ほ䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹୍㐃䛾ᐇ㦂䛿䚸ᑠ䛥䛔❆䛛䜙ᖜ䛾ᗈ䛔䝗䜰䜎䛷䛻ཬ䜆䛥䜎䛦䜎䛺༢⊂䛾༊⏬㛤ཱྀ㒊䜢క䛖8䛛ᡤ䛾䝣䝻䜰఩⨨䛻䚸య⣔ⓗ䛻㓄⨨䛥䜜䛯䜺䝇䝞䞊䝘䞊䛻䜘䛳䛶ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹 䝗䜰䛾㛤ཱྀ䛿0.24m 䛛䜙0.99m䛷䛩䚹┤ᚄ
0.3m䛾䝞䞊䝘䞊䛸䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸ᕤᴗ⏝䛾䝯䝍䞁䛜ᐃ⋡䛷ᥦ౪䛥䜜䚸31.6 kW䚸62.9 kW䚸105.3 kW䚸䛚䜘䜃158 kW䛾୍ᐃ䛾ⅆ⅏ᙉᗘ䜢䜒䛯䜙䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹ᅗ 22 - Steckler 䛾㒊ᒇ䛾㓄⨨タᐃ䝗䜰⦪ᯟ䛾୰ᚰෆ㒊䛾㏿ᗘ䛚䜘䜃ᗘ䜢ィ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸㒊ᒇ㛤ཱྀ㒊ෆ䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸㛤ཱྀ㒊䛾䝃䜲䝈䛻ᛂ䛨

䛶28䛛䜙144䛾2ḟඖ䜾䝸䝑䝗ୖ䛻཮᪉ྥ㏿ᗘィ䝥䝻䞊䝤䛚䜘䜃〄⥺䛾⇕㟁ᑐ䛜㓄⨨䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹㏿ᗘ䛿䚸᭱኱10%䛾ㄗᕪ䛜⏕䛨䜛䛣䛸䛜䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹䛥䜙䛻䚸䜺䝇᤼Ẽ⟄䛜㒊ᒇ䛾๓㠃䝁䞊䝘䞊䛻⨨䛛䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹

21

ᗘศᕸ䜢

ᐃ䛥䜜䛯

ᐃ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䚸྾Ẽᘧ⇕㟁ᑐ䛾SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩䛣䛣䛷㑅ᢥ䛥䜜䛯䝔䝇䝖䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸䝗䜰䛾ᖜ䛿0.74m䛷㧗䛥䛿1.83m䚸䜎䛯ⅆ⅏䛿䚸䝣䝻䜰䛾୰ᚰ䛻㓄⨨䛥䜜䠄ᅗ
27䛾A఩⨨䠅䚸┤ᚄ0.3m䛾䜺䝇䝞䞊䝘䞊䛻䜘䛳䛶⾲䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹 䝞䞊䝘䞊䛾䝟䝽䞊䛿62.9 kW䛷䛧䛯䚹
CFD䜿䞊䝇䛷䛿䚸ⅆ⅏䛿䚸62.9 kW 䛾୍ᐃ䛾ᨺ⇕⋡䜢క䛖0.3m x 0.3m x 0.3m䛾య✚⇕※䠄volumetric heatsource䠅䛷䛒䜛䛸᝿ᐃ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹

3.1.1㻌㻌 ⤖ᯝ
SMARTFIRE䛾⤖ᯝ䛜ᐇ㦂䝕䞊䝍䛸ẚ㍑䛥䜜䜎䛩䠄ḟ䛾ᅗཧ↷䠅䚹 SMARTFIRE䛿200䛾1⛊䛾᫬㛫䝇䝔䝑䝥䜢౑䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹 2䛴䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛜2䛴䛾␗䛺䜛䝯䝑䝅䝳䛷⾜䛺䜟䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹ᑐ↷ⓗ䛺ቃ⏺⥺䛾䛒䜛9860
䠄29x17x20)䛾䝉䝹䛷ᡂ䜚❧䛴⢒䛔䝯䝑䝅䝳䛾㔞䚸49980(49x34x30)䛾䝉䝹䛷ᡂ䜚❧䛴௚䛾䝯䝑䝅䝳䛾㔞䛿ⅆ䛸䝗䜰䛾୰ᚰ䛾ᑐ⛠ⓗ䛺ᖹ㠃䜢౑⏝䛧䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾ィ⟬䛷䚸ቨ䛿䝉䝷䝭䝑䜽᩿⇕ᯈ䛷䛷䛝䛶䛔䜛䛸᝿ᐃ䛥䜜䜎
䛩䚹6-䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛾ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹䛿྾཰ಀᩘ䛻౫Ꮡ䛩䜛䛭䜜䛮䜜⢒䛔䝯䝑䝅䝳䛸⢭〇䛥䜜䛯䝯䝑䝅䝳䛷ணᗘ䜢౑䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹 ḟ䛾ᅗ䛷䚸SMFV4䛸SMFV4RF䛿䜢ព࿡䛧䜎䛩䚹

ᅗ 23 - ๓䛾ቨ䛚䜘䜃ഃ㠃䛛䜙 0.305 䛻䛚䛡䜛㖄┤䛾䝁䞊䝘䞊䝇䝍䝑䜽䠄Vertical Corner Stack䠅䛾ᗘ୧᪉䛾SMARTFIRE䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿㒊ᒇ䛾䝁䞊䝘䞊䛷⦪䛾⇕㟁ᑐ䝇䝍䝑䜽䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䛸ㄽ⌮ⓗ䛻୍⮴䛧䜎䛩䚹⢭〇䝯䝑䝅䝳䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䜘䜛ண䛜ྥୖ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛿᫂ⓑ䛷䛩䚹

22

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 24 -䝗䜰୰ኸ䛻䛚䛡䜛㖄┤䛾ฟධཱྀ䛾ᗘศᕸᗘ䛾SMARTFIREฟධ䜚ཱྀ䝥䝻䝣䜱䞊䝹䛿⢭〇䝯䝑䝅䝳䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸ᨵⰋ䛥䜜䛯ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䛸୍⮴䛧䜎䛩䚹

23

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩

ᅗ 25 - 䝗䜰୰ኸ䛻䛚䛡䜛㖄┤䛾䝇䝍䝑䜽䛾Ỉᖹ㏿ᗘศᕸ䚹㏿ᗘ䛾SMARTFIREฟධ䜚ཱྀ䝥䝻䝣䜱䞊䝹䛿ฟධ䜚ཱྀ䛾᭱ୖ㒊䛾䛩䛠ୗ䛻ᆅᇦ䛾౛እ䛷ᐇ㦂ⓗ䛺⤖ᯝ䛸䛾Ⰻ䛔ྜព䛻䛒䜚䜎䛩䚹

3.2㻌 㤶 ✵
㤶

✵

䛾䜿䞊䝇

䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸✵Ẽⅆ⅏䛂䜻䝱䝡䞁ᴫᛕ䛃䛻㛵䜟䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹 䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸Chowᩍᤵ䛻䜘䜛㞧ㄅㄽᩥ䠷11䠹䛻⏤᮶䛧䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾ㄽᩥ䛿䚸䝌䞊䞁䝰䝕䝹䜢⏝䛔䛶䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝖䜢ヨ䜏䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹༊⏬䛿ኳ஭䝴䝙䝑䝖௨እ䚸᏶඲䛻䜸䞊䝥䞁䛷䛩䚹 ⅆ⅏䛿䚸ᘓ≀୰ኸ䛾ᗋ䛾ୖ䛻㓄⨨䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹᪤ᐃ䛾ⅆ⅏2య✚䛿1m x 1m x 1m䛷䛩䚹 ⅆຊ䛿ᶆ‽ⓗ䛺᪉ἲ䛻䜘䛳䛶ᐃ⩏䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹䛩䛺䜟䛱䚸H䠙0.188 t 䠄kW䠅䠄䛩䛺䜟䛱t஌䛾ⅆ⅏䠅䛷䛩䚹 ༊⏬䛿5m䠄ᖜ䠅㽢5m䠄㛗䛥䠅㽢3m䠄㧗䛥䠅䛷䛩䚹6䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛾ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹௜䛝䛾
FLOW3D䛸SMARTFIRE(v4.3ୟ䛴䛭䜜௨๓䛾䝞䞊䝆䝵䞁)䜢౑⏝䛧䛶䚸䛣䛾䜿䞊䝇䛿䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝖䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䛿ᐇ㦂䝕䞊䝍䜢ᣢ䛯䛺䛔௬᝿䛾䜿䞊䝇䛷䛩䛾䛷䛤ὀព䛟䛰䛥䛔䚹

3.2.1㻌 SMARTFIRE 䛾⤖ᯝḟ䛾ᅗ䛛䜙SMARTFIRE䛸FLOW3D୧᪉䛜㠀ᖖ䛻㢮ఝ䛾⤖ᯝ䜢ぢ䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜎䛩䚹24

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 26 ⅆ⅏୰ᚰ䛻䛚䛡䜛㖄┤䛾ᗘศᕸᅗ 27 - ୰ኸ䛻㓄⨨䛥䜜䛯 x ㍈䛻ἢ䛳䛯ኳ஭䛛䜙 0.1m ୗ䛾

25

ᗘศᕸ

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 28 - ୰ኸ䛻㓄⨨䛥䜜䛯 x ㍈䛻ἢ䛳䛯ኳ஭䛛䜙 0.3m ୗ䛾ᗘศᕸ

3.3㻌 LPC-RUN-007 䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁
3.3.1㻌 䛿䛨䜑䛻䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸Loss Prevention Council (LPC)䠄ᦆᐖ㜵Ṇホ㆟఍䠅䠷12䠹䛜䛚䛣䛺䛖ⅆ⅏䝔䝇䝖䛻⏤᮶䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹 䝔䝇䝖䛿㛤ཱྀ㒊䛜1䛴䛾ᅖቨ✵㛫䛻䛚䛡䜛ᮌ〇䝁䞁䝔䝘䛾⇞↝䛷䛩䚹䝔䝇䝖༊⏬䛿ୗ䛻♧䛩䛸䛚䜚䚸ᗋ㠃✚䛜6m x 4m䚸ኳ஭䛾㧗䛥䛿3.3m䛷䛩䚹༊⏬䛻䛿1.0m x 1.8m䛾ฟධཱྀ䠄㏻ẼᏍ䠅䛜ྵ䜎䜜䚸ᚋ䜝ഃ䛾6m
x 3.3m䛾ቨ䛻㓄⨨䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹༊⏬䛾ቨ䛚䜘䜃ኳ஭䛿䚸ཌ䛥0.1m 䛾⪏ⅆ䝪䞊䝗䠄▼⥥䠅䛷స䜙䜜䛶䛔䜎䛧䛯䚹ᗋ䛿䝁䞁䜽䝸䞊䝖〇䛷䛧䛯䚹1.1 x 1.8m䚸㧗䛥0.2 m䛾㗰〇䛾㞀ᐖ≀䛜ⅆ⅏䛾ୗ䛾ᗋ䛻⨨䛛䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹ഃቨ
䛛䜙0.57m䚸㏻ẼᏍ䛾䛒䜛๓㠃䛾ቨ䛛䜙0.5m㞳䜜䛯䛸䛣䜝䛻䚸⇕㟁ᑐ䛾䝁䞊䝘䞊䝇䝍䝑䜽䛜㓄⨨䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹↮ὶᗘ䛾ィ䛿༊⏬䛾ഃቨ䛛䜙3.0m䚸ᚋ䜝䛾ቨ䛛䜙2.392m㞳䜜䛯䛸䛣䜝䛷䛚䛣䛺䜟䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛿䚸ᮏ㒊䛾䛂ⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾䛾䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽/ᶆ‽䠄Fire Modelling Benchmarks/Standards䠅䛃䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛻䛚䛔䛶⏝䛔䜙䜜䜎䛧䛯[1, 2, 3]䚹

26

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩䛣䛾䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛻ᑐ䛧䛶2䛴䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛜ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䜎䛩䠉୍䛴䛿ᐜ✚ᐃ⇕※䝰䝕䝹䚸䜒䛖୍᪉䛿⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䛷䛩䚹

3.3.1.1㻌 䝰䝕䝹䛾㓄⨨タᐃゎᯒ䛷䛿䠎䛴䛾䝯䝑䝅䝳䛜౑䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹1䛴䛿⣙10,000䛾䝉䝹䚸䜒䛖୍᪉䛿⣙22011䛾䝉䝹䛷ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾2䛴䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛛䜙䛾⤖ᯝ䛿䛚஫䛔䛻୍⮴䛧䜎䛩䚹 䛣䛣䛻⾲䛥䜜䜛⤖ᯝ䛿22011䛷ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䜛䝯䝑䝅䝳䛻ᑐ䛩䜛䜒䛾䛷䛩䚹ୗグ⾲䛻ヲ⣽䛜䛒䜛≀⌮ⓗ䛺䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱䛜౑䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹⾲ 3 - 䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇 2000-2-5 䛷⏝䛔䜙䜜䛯ᮦᩱ䝥䝻䝟䝔䜱ᮦᩱྡ䠄Mat.Name䠅ᐦᗘ䠄Density䠅⢓ᗘ䠄Viscosity䠅

✵Ẽ

⌮᝿Ẽయ

1.798E-05 + ஘ὶ䠄ศᏊ㔞䠙29.35䠅

䛾್

▼⥥

577

䝁䞁䜽䝸䞊䝖
㗰ᮦఏᑟ⋡䠄Conductivity䠅 ẚ⇕䠄Specific heat䠅
0.026221007.0

1E+10

0.15

1050.0

2300

1E+10

0.15

1050.07850

1E+10 45

45.8

460.0

ቃ⏺᮲௳䛿ቨ䠄▼⥥䠅䛾≀⌮ⓗ䛺ᛶ㉁䜢⪃៖䛻ධ䜜䛯⇕ఏᑟቨ䜢౑䛳䛶タィ䛥䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹 ᗋ䠄䝁䞁䜽䝸䞊䝖䠅䛾ᛶ㉁䛸䝇䝏䞊䝹ጉᐖ䛜⪃៖䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹ቨ䛾ᨺᑕ⋡䛿0.8䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜎䛩䚹 䝰䝕䝹䛿ΰ஘䠄䝻䜾ἲ๎䠅䝰䞊䝯䞁䝍䝮䛸ቨ䛾⇕ኚ᥮䜢౑䛔䜎䛩䠄ヲ⣽䛿SMARTFIRE䝬䝙䝳䜰䝹䜢ཧ↷䠅䚹ᨺᑕ䛾ᙳ㡪䛜ቨ䛷䝰䝕䝹໬䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹 ቨ䛾⇕ఏ㐩䛾䝰䝕䝹䛿䛂䠉䛃䛸䛧䛶⾲⌧䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹 OwwT / wn \ w䛣䛣䛷 O w 䛿ቨᮦᩱ䛾ఏᑟᛶ䚸 Tw 䛿ቨ㠃

H c (Tw  Tgas)  HV Tw4  HQrm

ᗘ䚸 Tgas 䛿ቨ䛾㞄䛻䛒䜛Ẽ䚸 H c 䛿ᑐὶⓗ䛺 H ⇕ఏ㐩ಀᩘ䚸Qr 䛿ቨ⾲㠃䛾ᨺᑕ⇕㠃䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛷䛩䚹⌧ᅾቨ䛻䛒䜛⇕⵳✚䛷ㄝ᫂䛩䜛⏝ㄒ䛿䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹ⅆ䛾ᡂ㛗ẁ㝵䛷ᮇᚅ䛥䜜䜛⇕䛸ྠ䛨㔞䜢⛣ື䛩䜛ᙳ㡪䛿䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹䜎䛯䚸ⅆ䛜ῶᑡ䛩䜛㛫䛻ከ䛩䛞䜛⇕䜢⛣ື䛩䜛ᙳ㡪䜒䛒䜚䜎䛫䜣䚹
㛗䛥1.8m䚸㧗䛥1.3m䚸ᖜ1.1m䛾⠊ᅖ䛷つᐃ䛥䜜䛯ᐜ✚⇕䝸䝸䞊䝇ẚ⋡䛸䛧䛶ⅆ䛜ᥥ䛛䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹 ᐷ䜛䝸䝸䞊䝇ẚ⋡䛿ୗグ䛾㏻䜚䛷䛩䚹HRR = 50.0+0.0082t2 (kW), for t < 300 seconds;
HRR =3000 (kW), for t > 300 seconds.
ᐇ㦂䛾ⅆ䛿⇞䛘䛶䛔䜛ᮌ㐀䜰䝟䞊䝖䛻䜘䛳䛶ᥦ౪䛥䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹
FLOW3D䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛜ྠ᫬䛻ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹 ⅆ䛾ฎ⌮䛿SMARTFIRE䛸ྠ䛨䛷䛩䚹
FSEG䛻䜘䛳䛶Ⓨᒎ䛧䛯6-䝣䝷䝑䜽䝇䛾ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹䛜୧᪉䛾䜿䞊䝇䛷౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹 ྾Ỉಀᩘ䛿ḟ䛾ᘧ䛷

27

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩௬ᐃ䛥䜜䜎䛩䠖
a = 0.01, if T < 323K;
a = 0.01+0.305/377(T−323), if 323 <= T < 700;
a = 0.315+0.315/700(T−700), if T > 700.
䛣䛣䛷T䛿ᗘ䚹ቨᨺᑕ⋡䛿0.8䛸௬ᐃ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹

3.3.1.2㻌 䝰䝕䝹ᙧ≧䠉⇞↝䝰䝕䝹⾲ 4䠉䝔䝇䝖䜿䞊䝇䛷౑⏝䛥䜜䛯⇞ᩱ䛾᭱኱ᦆኻẚ⋡
0
150
450
460
1650
᫬㛫䠄⛊䠅
0
0.01835
018636
0.19780.1978m(kg /⛊䠅
SMARTFIRE䛾䜺䝇䛾⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䛿䛣䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷౑䜟䜜䜎䛧䛯䚹 ᐜ✚

ᐃ㉁㔞ᨺฟ䛿䛭䛾᫬㛫

䛜LPC䝺䝫䞊䝖䛻䜘䛳䛶ᥦ౪䛥䜜䜛㉁㔞ᨺฟ䛾䜹䞊䝤䛻౫Ꮡ䛩䜛ᮌ㐀䜰䝟䞊䝖䛾⇞↝䜢⾲䛩䛾䛻౑䜟䜜䜎䛩䠄ୖ䛾⾲ཧ↷䠅䚹⇞↝ຠ⋡䛿0.7䛰䛸௬ᐃ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹 䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷౑䜟䜜䛯⇞↝⇕䛿17.8MJ/kg䛷䛩䚹䝽䞁䝇䝔䝑䝥䛾ᗈ⠊ᅖ䛺໬Ꮫ཯ᛂ䛜䚸ୗグ䛾䜘䛖䛻䜺䝇⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䛷㐺⏝䛥䜜䜎䛩䠖F  sO2 o (1  s) P  heat䛣䛣䛷F䛿⇞ᩱ䛷䛒䜚䚸O䛿䜸䜻䝅䝎䞁䝖䚸P䛿䝥䝻䝎䜽䝖䛷䛩䚸䛭䛧䛶s䛿⇞ᩱ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛໬Ꮫ㔞ㄽ䛾㓟⣲ẚ⋡䛷䛩䚹 1䛴䛾䝴䝙䝑䝖㔞⇞ᩱ䛾ᾘ㈝䜢㏻䛧䛶ᨺฟ䛥䜜䛯⇕䛿H䠄J/kg䠅䛻䜘䛳䛶♧䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䛜౑䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛䛾䛷䚸䜘䜚⣽䛛䛔䝯䝑䝅䝳䛜105938䠄46 X 49 X 47䠅䛛䜙ᡂ䜛䛣䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻ᑐ䛧䛶సᡂ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹䛣䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷౑䜟䜜䛯ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹䛿24䛾ᴟ⥺䜢౑䛳䛯ከᴟ⥺䛾ᨺᑕ䝰䝕䝹䛷䛩䚹

3.3.2㻌 ⤖ᯝ
3.3.2.1㻌 ᐜ✚ᐃ⇕䝋䞊䝇䝰䝕䝹

ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䛻ἢ䛳䛶SMARTFIRE䛸FLOW3D䛻䜘䛳䛶ண䛿ィ䛥䜜䛯䝥䝹䞊䝮

ᗘ䛜ᅗ29䛷ᥥ䛛䜜䜎䛩䚹 ᩘ䛾ண್䜘䜚䜒㧗䛟⾲♧䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ䛻ἢ䛳䛯SMARTFIRE䛸FLOW3D䛻䜘䛳䛶ண䛜ᅗ30䛷♧䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹ᩘ್ⓗண䛜ィ䛥䜜䛯䝁䞊䝘䞊䝇䝍䝑䜽䜺䝇ᗘ䠄ᗋ䛾ᵝ䚻䛺㧗䛥䠅ᗘ䜢㉸䛘䜛䛒䛔䛰䚸ㄽ⌮ⓗ䛺୍⮴䛸䛧䛶䛒䜙䜟䜜䜎䛩䚹 600⛊ᚋ䛻䚸SMARTFIRE䛸FLOW3D_HEAT䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿ᅛᐃ≧ែ䛻㐩䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹䝰䝕䝹ෆ䛾⇕ᨺᑕẚ⋡䛿300⛊ᚋ୍ᐃ䛺䛾䛷䚸ᅛᐃ≧ែ䛜ணᩘ䛻฿㐩䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ㄽ⌮ⓗ䛻ண

28

䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 29:ண

䝥䝹䞊䝮

29

ᗘ

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 30䠖䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷ண䛥䜜䛯䝁䞊䝘䞊䜺䝇ᗘ

3.3.2.2㻌 ⇞↝䝰䝕䝹๓䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛶⇞↝䛸䝁䞊䝘䞊䛾ᗘ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䜘䜚ྥୖ䛧䛯ண䛣䛸䛻䚸䛣䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿ḟ䛾ᅗ䛻♧䛥䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䚸䝥䝷䝮䝥䝷䝮䝇䝍䝑䜽

䜢సᡂ䛧䜎䛩䚹 ᭦䛻㔜せ䛺ᗘ䛾ኚ᭦䛻╔᭰䛘䛾ഴྥ䜢⋓ᚓ䛧䜎䛧䛯䚹ᗘண᝿䛜ᅗ31䛷ᥥ෗䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹䛟䜌䜏䛻⥆䛟䝢䞊䜽䛾୍⯡ⓗ䛺ᐇ㦂ഴྥ䛻ᚑ䛔䜎䛩䠄ᅗཧ↷䠅䚹䛣䛾ഴྥ䛿༢⣧䛺ᐜ✚ᐃ⇕䝸䝸䞊䝇ẚ⋡䝰䝕䝹䛷ほᐹ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹SMARTFIRE䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿䛣䛾ഴྥ䛜୺䛻ⅆ䝥䝷䝮ᙧ≧䛾ኚ᭦䛻䜘䛳䛶䜒䛯䜙䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䜢᫂♧䛧䜎䛩䚹 ⅆ䛜ᡂ㛗䛩䜛᭱ึ䛾ẁ㝵䛾ᚋ䛻䚸ⅆ䛿㠀ᖖ䛻኱䛝䛟䛺䜚䚸⇕䛔⇞↝䝥䝻䝎䜽䝖䛿ḟ➨䛻῝䛟䛺䛳䛶䛔䜛⇕䛔ᒙ䜢స䛳䛶ኳ஭䛾ୗ䛻⵳✚䛧䜎䛩䚹ⅆ䛻䜘䛳䛶༊⏬䛾୰䛻ྲྀ䜚㎸䜎䜜䜛᪂㩭䛺✵Ẽ䛸㛵㐃䛧䛶䚸ୖ䛻䛒䜛⇕䛔ᒙ䛾ୗ᪉䜈䛾⛣ື䛿ⅆ⅖䝥䝹䞊䝮䜢ᚋ䜝䜈ᢲ䛩䛾䛷ᚋ᪉䛾ቨ䛻ྥ䛛䛳䛶❆䛛䜙㞳䜜䜎䛩䚹ⅆ⅖䝥䝹䞊䝮䛿䜰䝟䞊䝖୰ኸ䛾ᆶ┤⥺䛛䜙⛣⾜䛧䜎䛩䚹 䛣䛾䝷䜲䞁䠉䛸ィ⿦⨨䛿ⅆ⅖䝥䝹䞊䝮䛾୰ᚰ䛻䛿䛺䛔䛾䛷䚸䛭䜜䛻ἢ䛳䛯ண

30

䞉ィ

ᗘ䛿䝢䞊

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩䜽䛾್䛻฿㐩ᚋῶᑡ䛧䜎䛩䚹ᐇ㦂ⓗ䛺ィ䛜䝥䝷䝮䛜ୗ఩䝺䝧䝹䜘䜚ୖ఩䝺䝧䝹䛷䜘䜚⇕䛔䛣䛸䜢♧䛩䛣䛸䛜᫂䜙䛛䛷䛩䚹䛣䛾⌧㇟䛿䝢䞊䜽䛾࿘ᮇ䛾ᚋ䛷⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䛻䜘䛳䛶䜻䝱䝥䝏䝱䞊䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹ᅗ 31䠖⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䜢䛸䜒䛺䛖ண

31

䝥䝹䞊䝮

ᗘ

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩ᅗ 32䠖⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷ண䛥䜜䛯䝁䞊䝘䞊䜺䝇ᗘ

4㻌 ⤖ㄽ䛸ᡤぢὶື㔞䝰䝕䝹䠄ᵝ䚻䛺᪉ྥ䛷䛾ఏ㐩䚸䝇䝔䝑䝥䛻㠃䛧䛯ᚋ᪉ᚋ䛾ὶ㔞䚸䝣䜱䞊䝹䝗䝋䝸䝳䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾༙ศ䛸඲య䛾✺↛䛾ᣑ኱䜿䞊䝇䜢ྵ䜐䠅䚸ὶືᛶ䛾ὶ䜜䚸⇕ఏ㐩䝰䝕䝹䠄3D✵Ὕ䛾ᨺᑕ䠅䚸⇕䜿䞊䝇䠄Steckler䚸Hong
Kong䜿䞊䝇䚸LPC run䠅䜢⥙⨶䛩䜛SMARTFIRE V4.3 995䛾᳨ᰝ䛛䜙䝺䝫䞊䝖䛿ᡂ䜚❧䛳䛶䛔䜎䛩䚹
1)

SMARTFIREV4.3 995䛿ఏ㐩ഴྥ䛾ṇ☜䛺䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䚸⣧⢋䛺ఏ㐩䛻䛺䜛⊂❧䛧䛯䜿䞊䝇䚸䝇䝔䝑䝥䛻㠃䛩䜛ᚋ䜝ྥ䛝䚸✺↛䛾ᣑ኱䜢⏕ᡂ䛧䜎䛩䚹

2)

SMARTFIREV4.3 995䛿⇕ఏ㐩䛾ኚ᥮䜢ྵ䜐⇕ఏ㐩ῶᑡ䛾ṇ☜䛺䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢సᡂ䛧䜎䛩䠄ᙉไⓗ䛒䜛䛔䛿⮬↛䛾ᑐὶ䛸⇕ᨺᑕ䠅䚹

32

SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩3)㧗ရ఩䛾䝯䝑䝅䝳䛚䜘䜃ᘱ⦆䝟䝷䝯䞊䝍䛾䝁䞁䝖䝻䞊䝹䜢ៅ㔜䛛䛴㐺ษ䛻ᣦᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䛳䛶ྠ䛨䝋䝣䝖䜴䜵䜰䛛䜙䜘䜚䛩䛠䜜䛯⤖ᯝ䛜ᚓ䜙䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜ὀ┠䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹

4)⤖ㄽ䛸䛧䛶䚸ⅆ⅏䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿Ẽయ⇞↝䝰䝕䝹䜢ᑟධ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䚸Steckler 䜿䞊䝇䛾䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾䛺䛹䛻䛚䛡䜛༢⣧䛺ᨺ⇕⋡䝰䝕䝹䛾䜏䜢฼⏝䛩䜛䛸䛝䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛶䚸SMARTFIRE䛾ண䛜኱ᖜ䛻ྥୖ䛧䜎䛩䚹
5)䛣䜜䜙ᢎㄆᡭ㡰䛻䜘䜛䜿䞊䝇䛿グ㏙䛥䜜䛯୰䛾௚䛾䝅䝘䝸䜸䛻ᑐ䛧䛶Ỵᐃⓗ䛒䜛䛔䛿䚸ᚲ䛪㐺ษ䛷䛒䜛䛸ุ᩿䛥䜜䜛䜉䛝䛷䛿䛺䛔䛣䛸䛻ὀព䛧䛶䛟䛰䛥䛔䚹 䛣䜜䜙䛾ᢎㄆ䛿䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽䝥䝻䝉䝇䛾ྍ⬟ᛶ䜢ᗈ䛢䜛ᇶ♏䛸䛧䛶䛾䜏㑅ᢥ䛥䜜䜎䛩䚹䛣䛣䛷ㄽ䛨䜙䜜䛯䜒䛾䛾㛫䛻㏣ຍ䝔䝇䝖䛜䛒䜛䛣䛸䛿ྜ⌮ⓗ䛺䛣䛸䛷䛩䚹33SMARTFIRE V4.3㻌 ᳨ドሗ࿌᭩

5㻌㻌 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1)

http://fseg.gre.ac.uk/

2)Grandison, A. J., Galea, E. R. and Patel, M. K., “Fire Modelling Standards/Benchmark, report on Phase 1
Simulations.䠄ⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾䛾ᇶ‽/䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽䚸➨1ẁ㝵䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ሗ࿌᭩䠅”, University Of
Greenwich report for Fire Research and Development Group, Home Office, March 2001.

3)

Grandison, A. J., Galea, E. R. and Patel, M. K., “Fire Modelling Standards/Benchmark, report on Phase 2
Simulations.䠄ⅆ⅏䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾䛾ᇶ‽/䝧䞁䝏䝬䞊䜽䚸➨2ẁ㝵䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ሗ࿌᭩䠅”, University Of
Greenwich report for Fire Research and Development Group, Home Office, May 2001.

4)

J. Kim, S. J. Kline and J. P. Johnston, “Investigation of a Reattachment Turbulent Shear Layer: Flow over a
Backward-Facing Step䠄෌௜╔஘ὶ䛫䜣᩿ຊ䝺䜲䝲䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄪᰝ䠖ᚋ᪉䛻㠃䛧䛯ẁ䜢㉺䛘䜛ὶ䜜䠅”,
Transactions of the ASME, Journal of Fluids Engineering, 102, 302-308, 1980.

5)

J. K. Eaton and J. P. Johnston, `A Review of Research on Subsonic Turbulent Flow Reattachment㻌 䠄ள㡢㏿஘ὶ䛾෌௜╔䛻㛵䛩䜛ホ౯䛸◊✲䠅', AIAA, Paper AIAA-80-1438, 1980.

6)

L. Davidson, “Calculation of the turbulent buoyancy-driven flow in a rectangular cavity using an efficientsolver and two different low Reynolds number k-ε turbulence models㻌 䠄ຠ⋡ⓗ䝋䝹䝞䞊䛚䜘䜃2✀㢮䛾ప䝺䜲䝜䝹䝈ᩘk-e஘ὶ䝰䝕䝹䜢⏝䛔䛯▴ᙧ䛾✵Ὕ䛻䛚䛡䜛ᾋຊ䛻䜘䛳䛶ᘬ䛝㉳䛣䛥䜜䛯஘ὶ䛾ィ⟬䠅”,
Numerical Heat Transfer, vol. 18, pp. 129-147, 1990.

7)

R. Cheesewright, K. J. King, and S. Ziai, “Experimental data for the validation of Computer Codes for theprediction of Two-Dimensional Buoyant Cavity Vlows䠄2ḟඖ䛾ᾋᥭᛶ✵Ὕ䛾Vlows䛾ண䛻㛵䛩䜛䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝍䝁䞊䝗䛾ጇᙜᛶ᳨ᰝ䛾䛯䜑䛾ᐇ㦂䝕䞊䝍䠅”, Significant Questions in Buoyance Affected
Enclosure or Cavity Flows, vol. HTD-60, pp 75-81, ASME, New York, 1986
8)

Steckler, K.D, Quintiere, J.G and Rinkinen, W.J.[1982], "Flow induced by fire in a compartment䠄༊⏬ෆ䛾ⅆ⅏䛻ㄏⓎ䛥䜜䛯ὶ䜜䠅", NBSIR 82-2520, National Bureau of Standards.

9)

W. K. Chow, “On the “Cabin” fire safety design concept in the new Hong Kong Airport terminal buildings䠄᪂㤶✵䝍䞊䝭䝘䝹䝡䝹䛻䛚䛡䜛䛂䜻䝱䝡䞁䛃ⅆ⅏Ᏻ඲タィᴫᛕ䠅”, J. Fire Science, vol. 15, pp.

405-423, 1997.
10) Glocking, J.L.D, Annable, K., Campbell, S.C. “Fire Spread in multi-storey buidings . ‘Fire break out fromheavyweight unglazed curtain wall system . Run 007’ 䠄㧗ᒙ䝡䝹ෆ䛻ᣑ኱䛩䜛ⅆ⅏䇷㻌 㔜䛟ගἑ䛾䛺䛔䜹䞊䝔䞁ቨ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛛䜙Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯ⅆ⅏䇷Run007䠅“, LPC Laboratories rep. TE 88932-43, 25 Feb 1997.

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