INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART

Chattian
RupelianPriabonian

EoceneBartonian
Lutetian
Ypresian

Paleocene

ThanetianSelandianDanianMaastrichtianSantonian
ConiacianMesozoic
Cretaceous

Turonian
Cenomanian
AlbianAptianBarremian
Lower

Hauterivian
Valanginian
Berriasian

15.98
20.44
23.03

Lower

Sinemurian
Hettangian
Rhaetian

27.82
33.9
37.71
41.2
47.8
56.0
59.2
61.6
66.0
72.1 ±0.2
83.6 ±0.2
86.3 ±0.5
89.8 ±0.3
93.9
100.5
~ 113.0~ 121.4
125.77~ 132.6~ 139.8~ 145.0

Pliensbachian

Upper

Lower
Lopingian

Ladinian
Anisian
OlenekianInduanChanghsingian
Wuchiapingian
Capitanian

GuadalupianWordianRoadian
Kungurian

Cisuralian

Artinskian
Sakmarian

MiddleAsselianGzhelian
Kasimovian
Moscovian

Lower

Bashkirian

Upper

Serpukhovian

MiddleViseanUpper

Tournaisian

~ 242
247.2
251.2
251.902 ±0.024
254.14 ±0.07
259.51 ±0.21264.28 ±0.16266.9 ±0.4
273.01 ±0.14

Pridoli
Ludlow
Wenlock
Llandovery

Upper

Ludfordian
Gorstian
Homerian
Sheinwoodian
Telychian
Aeronian
Rhuddanian
Hirnantian
KatianSandbian

MiddleLower

Darriwilian
Dapingian
FloianTremadocian

290.1 ±0.26

Stage 10

Furongian

293.52 ±0.17298.9 ±0.15315.2 ±0.2
323.2 ±0.4

Miaolingian

Jiangshanian
Paibian
GuzhangianDrumian
WuliuanSeries 2

330.9 ±0.2

Stage 4
Stage 3
Stage 2358.9 ±0.4382.7 ±1.6387.7 ±0.8393.3 ±1.2

Terreneuvian

407.6 ±2.6410.8 ±2.8
419.2 ±3.2
423.0 ±2.3425.6 ±0.9427.4 ±0.5
430.5 ±0.7
433.4 ±0.8
438.5 ±1.1440.8 ±1.2443.8 ±1.5445.2 ±1.4453.0 ±0.7458.4 ±0.9467.3 ±1.1
470.0 ±1.4477.7 ±1.4
485.4 ±1.9~ 489.5~ 494~ 497~ 500.5~ 504.5~ 509~ 514~ 521~ 529

Fortunian538.8 ±0.2

od/Pe ri

GSSPGSSA

te mSys/EraheErat

Eonm/Eon

Pragian283.5 ±0.6

303.7 ±0.1
307.0 ±0.1

o themEifelian

Lochkovian~ 208.5~ 237

GSSP

o the
Era th m / Eonem
Syste / Eram/Pe ri
odEon

Lower

199.5 ±0.3
201.4 ±0.2

~ 227

Givetian

Ediacaran
Cryogenian
TonianStenianEmsian192.9 ±0.3346.7 ±0.4

Lower

Devonian

184.2 ±0.3

NorianCarnian

Middle174.7 ±0.8372.2 ±1.6

Frasnian
MiddleNeoproterozoic

Proterozoic

13.82

GSSPo theEra th m / EonemSy
ste / Eram/Pe ri
od11.63CampanianUpper

ToarcianUpper

154.8 ±0.8

Famennian

Mesoproterozoic

EctasianCalymmian
Statherian

Paleoproterozoic

Orosirian
Rhyacian
Siderian

Neoarchean

Archean

Paleogene

Phanerozoic

Oligocene

Aquitanian

7.246

358.9 ±0.4

149.2 ±0.7161.5 ±1.0
165.3 ±1.1
168.2 ±1.2170.9 ±0.8

numericalage (Ma)

Precambrian

L/E

Serravallian
Langhian
Burdigalian5.333

Stage / Age~ 145.0

Silurian

MioceneM

Tortonian

3.600

MiddleOxfordianCallovian
Bathonian
Bajocian
Aalenian

Series / EpochCambrian

U/L

2.58

Kimmeridgian

numericalage (Ma)

Phanerozoic
Paleozoic
Ordovician

L/E

1.80

Mississippian Pennsylvanian

Cenozoic
NeogenePliocene

U/L

Upper

Jurassic

L/E

0.01170.129
0.774

Triassic

Pleistocene

ChibanianCalabrianGelasian
Piacenzian
Zanclean
MessinianStage / AgeTithonian

PermianM

Upper

0.00420.0082

Carboniferous

U/L

present

Mesozoic

Meghalayan
NorthgrippianGreenlandianv 2023/09

International Commission on Stratigraphy

Series / Epoch

Paleozoic

U/LM
Holocene L/Enumericalage (Ma)

Eon

Stage / AgeGSSP

Series / EpochPhanerozoic

Quaternary

Eono theEra th m / EonemSy
ste / Eram/Pe riodwww.stratigraphy.org

Mesoarchean
Paleoarchean
Eoarchean

Hadeannumericalage (Ma)
538.8 ±0.2~ 635~ 720
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2050
2300
2500
2800
3200

3600
4031 ± 34567

Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global Boundary
Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower boundaries, including
those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long defined by Global Standard
Stratigraphic Ages (GSSA). Italic fonts indicate informal units andplaceholders for unnamed units. Versioned charts and detailed information
on ratified GSSPs are available at the website http://www.stratigraphy.org.
The URL to this chart is found below.
Numerical ages are subject to revision and do not define units in the
Phanerozoic and the Ediacaran; only GSSPs do. For boundaries in thePhanerozoic without ratified GSSPs or without constrained numericalages, an approximate numerical age (~) is provided.
Ratified Subseries/Subepochs are abbreviated as U/L (Upper/Late), M(Middle) and L/E (Lower/Early). Numerical ages for all systems except
Quaternary, upper Paleogene, Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic, Permian,Cambrian and Precambrian are taken from ‘A Geologic Time Scale2012’ by Gradstein et al. (2012), those for the Quaternary, upper
Paleogene, Cretaceous, Jurassic, Triassic, Permian, Cambrian andPrecambrian were provided by the relevant ICS subcommissions.
Colouring follows the Commission for theGeological Map of the World (www.ccgm.org)
Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, D.A.T. Harper, P.L. Gibbard, N. Car(c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, September 2023
To cite: Cohen, K.M., Finney, S.C., Gibbard, P.L. & Fan, J.-X. (2013; updated)
The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Episodes 36: 199-204.

URL: http://www.stratigraphy.org/ICSchart/ChronostratChart2023-09.pdf