Foreword

Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center

Prof. Joji ISHIZAKA, Director

There is large volume of water (1370 x 106 km3) on the earth surface. The 97% is seawater and 2% issnow or ice; therefore, only less than 1% is freshwater. This much of water can be used by human very
quickly; however, water circulates and freshwater for our life is always regenerated. Especially, in Japansurrounded by ocean, fairly warm and humid environment is kept by the surrounding ocean, and resulting highprecipitation, abundant freshwater, and rich forests. However, there are many areas where water is not enoughon the earth. On the contrast, many disasters related water, such as torrential rainfall, typhoon, and flood are
happening in some parts of the world. Recently, the water circulation seems to be changing with possible
climate changes, and the detail research is necessary.
Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University, is the only one research center in Japan,
focusing water circulation through atmosphere, land, ocean and biosphere, and established in 2001. The centeris conducting research of the water circulation on the earth surface and the dynamics from local weather
events, such as typhoon, to precipitation in large areas, as well as the interactions between the weather andclimate with land vegetation and ocean ecosystem. Researches with field and satellite observations andnumerical modeling are conducted. From 2010, this center was approved as one of the Joint Usage/ResearchCenters by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan, and is conducting
cooperative research with many universities and research institutes.

Chronology
April, 1957: Established as the Water Quality Science Research Facility, Faculty of Science, Nagoya University
September, 1973: The Institute for Hydrospheric Sciences, Nagoya University
April, 1993: The Institute for Hydrospheric-Atmospheric Sciences (IHAS), Nagoya University
April, 2001: Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center (HyARC), Nagoya University

1

What is Water Circulation?
Water circulates in the whole of the Earth surfaces with different phases (states) such as ice (solid), water(liquid), and water vapor (gas). Water also plays an important role on the re-distribution of the energy andmaterial on the Earth by not only the vertical interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere,
land-atmosphere, and horizontal movement between land and ocean, but also global scale circulations in theocean and the atmosphere via tropics - sub-tropics - temperate - cold regions. Our Earth has not homogeneous
distributions of land and ocean, and terrestrial elevation; thus, temporal and spatial circulations of water havebeen changing with wide variability.
HyARC focuses on the spatial and vertical structure of water cycle over the globe. HyARC also mentions
the activities of lives, and takes a leadership for investigations of water cycle, by carrying out the overall field
experiments, using satellites dataset, and numerical models for water cycles.

The amount of water

Water cycle(Reference: ENCYCLOPEDIA of HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESORCES, 1998)(Reference: University of Tokyo Press)

Cloud processes, including diabatic heating and radiation, have are important for the global energy and water
circulation (left: cumulus cloud over the Western Pacific Ocean, right: stratocumulus cloud over the East China Sea).

2

Research in HyARC

HyARC investigates water, energy, and material cycles in the atmosphere, land, and ocean by using
various methods. Field observations are our main focus. We conduct field observations not only in Japan but
also overseas using radar and radiosonde for meteorology, observation towers for hydrology, and research
vessels and ocean radar for oceanography. Observed phenomena are analyzed and understood throughsatellite data and numerical models.
Observation of cloud and precipitation
Various types of clouds and precipitations are important components of the atmospheric water circulation. Their horizontal
scales are wide ranges: cloud particles, a convective cloud, organized system of convective clouds, and global distribution ofclouds. They are all research objectives of the research center and observations are performed by using the hydrometeor
sounding system (HYVIS), polarimetric radars, and satellites. We study structure and mechanism of cloud and precipitation
systems and processes of water circulation in the atmosphere of the earth.

Typhoon cloud observation in
Okinawa by HYVIS.

3

Cloud and precipitation observationnear Mt. Fuji using polarimetric andKa-band radars.

Snowfall observation in Rikubetu-town,
the eastern Hokkaido using polarimetricradar.

Field observations in tropical rain forestsand boreal forests
The Southeast Asian tropical rainforests
represent the highest biological diversity
in the world, with many kinds of plants
and animals observable especially inthe upper part of the forest.
We are investigating the plant
physiology and the heat, water, andcarbon transfer by the field experimentin the tropical rainforest in Malaysia andother countries, so as to clarify thefunction of the "unknown" ecosystems
in such tropical rainforests.
A valley covered with frozen water inthe summer of eastern Siberia. Origin of
the frozen water is inter-permafrost
groundwater which discharged from thepermafrost beside the valley.
Continuous sampling and the chemical
analyses of hydrological tracers madepossible to estimate ground-ice melting
rate in the region.

Ocean Observation
Large volume of freshwater from land is
supplied in East China Sea and Ise Bay, andthe biological production of the areas arehigh. On the other hand, those areas areeasily influenced by human activities. We
arestudying
theinfluenceswithcollaborations of other universities.

Installation of the sap flow sensor,
which measures the flow rate ofwater in the stem.

Observation in the East
China Sea with a training
vessel of Nagasaki
University: Sea water
sampling and giant jellyfish.

Satellite Observations

Ocean Radar Observation

In our center, we employ Earth observing satellite data as well as in-situ
observations to conduct our research on the global water cycle. Among themany satellites operated by JAXA and NASA that we utilize, we are currently
participating in the initial evaluation program for the Global Precipitation
Measurement (GPM) satellite launched at the JAXA Tanegashima Space
Center on February 28th 2014. We also participating the algorithm developmentof Global Change Observation Mission-Climate (GCOM-C) planning to launchon 2017. Especially, we are contributing the estimation of ocean primary
production related to global carbon cycle and fish production, and the detectionof red tide damaging to aquacultures in coastal area.
Red tide
distributi
on in
Suo-nada area.
GPM core satellite（provided by JAXA）

Since ship speed of research vessel isapproximately 18 km/h, it is difficult tomeasure ocean currents in the wide area withhigh temporal and spatial resolution.
We have set up
ocean Radar in 2
islands, and sea
surface current
within 150 km
from Radar sites
is observed.
Bottom mounted
current meters
are moored in the
Radar observed
area in order tovalidate the
Ocean Radar in Tsushima.
Radar data.

numerical
model

Simulated convective clouds using thecloud resolving model CReSS. The three
dimensional color shadings show cloudwater, rain, cloud ice, snow and groupel.
The lines in the figure indicate lightening
simulated in the model.

A simulated typhoon using thecloud-resolving model CReSS.

By inputting the meteorological data tothis model, we compute the transfer ofheat, water, and carbon between thesoil, vegetation, and the atmosphere
within and above the plant canopy.

4

Joint Usage/Research Center
HyARC as Joint Usage/Research Center
HyARC’s goal is to understand supracrustal water and material cycles, which are important for earthsystems. This goal requires globally advanced research of the Earth’s water cycle. We offer public
subscriptions of collaborative research and progress the research by working in collaboration with domestic
and international water cycle research projects. We promote the use of instruments at the Joint
Usage/Research Center and provide numerical models and databases.

Collaborative Research
We have offered 4 collaborative researches as follows in 2014, and 27 issues are adopted.
Study on meso-micro scale phenomenon in atmosphere and ocean using numerical model and remote sensing.
Study on current, biological productivity, and material cycle in coastal area using ocean color sensor ofgeostationary satellite
Study on vegetation-climate interaction over the Asian monsoon region.
Evaluation of numerical models using satellite data simulators

WorkshopWorkshop on ocean-atmosphere interaction
Workshop on the development of satellite-based high-accuracy precipitation retrieval techniques andresearch planning for their hydrological applications
The meteorology covering global- and meso-scales
Study on climate change and vegetation-climate interaction over the Asian monsoon region.
Physical, chemical and biological processes controlling material cycle on the East China Sea continental
shelf
Aircraft observation for atmospheric sciences and climate system studies

Instruments for Joint Usage/Research Center
Observation equipment
・ Upper-air sounding systems (2 sets)
VAISARA MW-15
Data recoding computers
・ Polarimetric radars (2 sets)<kin and gin radar> Toshiba
・ HYVIS/Video sounding system
Meisei Electric Co.
・ Elemental analyzer/mass spectrometer5

マルチパラメータレーダ

HYVIS/ビデオゾンデ受信機

International and National Counter Parts
for the Research Collaborations

Foreign Institutions with the Academic Exchange Agreement■Pukyong National University（Korea）■Korea Ocean Satellite Center, Korea Institute of Ocean&Technology（Korea）■National Taiwan University（Taiwan）■Taiwan Ocean Research Institute of National Applied
Research Laboratories（Taiwan）■Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology（Bangladesh）■SAARC Meteorological Research Centr（Bangladesh）
Foreign Institutions without the Academic Exchange Agreement■The University of Edinburgh（United Kingdom）■University of Aberdeen（United Kingdom）■Norwegian University of Science and Technology（Norway）■University of Tartu（Estonia）■Scripps Institution of Oceanography（USA）■University of Hawaii（USA）■Duke University（USA）■Keimyung University（Korea）■Korea Polar Research Institute（Korea）■East China Normal University（China）■National Cheng Kung University（Taiwan）■Chulalongkorn University（Thailand）■Burapha University（Thailand）■Institute of Marine Environment and Resources（Vietnum）■Aichi Fisheries Research Institute■Research Institute for Humanity and Nature■RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science■National Fisheries University■Fukuoka Fisheries and Marine Technology ResearchCenter■Seikai National Fisheries Research Institute,Fisheries Research Agency■Agriculture, Foresty and Fisheries Research andTraining Center, Oita Prefecture

Japanese Institutions with Research Collaborations■Hokkaido University■Rakuno Gakuen University■Tohoku University■Niigata University■University of Tsukuba■The University of Tokyo■Dokkyo University■Chiba University■Tokyo Metropolitan University■Senshu University■Tokyo Metoroloitan University■Tokai University■University of Yamanashi■Meijo University■Mie University■The University of Shiga Prefecture■Fukui Prefectural University■Kanazawa University■University of Toyama■Kyoto University■Osaka University■Kobe Gakuin University■Okayama University■Hiroshima University■Ehime University■Kagawa University■Kyushu University■Fukuoka University■Nagasaki University■Kumamoto University■Kagoshima University■University of the Ryukyus■Japan Meteorological Agency■Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency■Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute■National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster
Prevention■National Institute of Polar Research■National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology■Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

6Research Division

Regional-Scale Water Cycle Processes

We investigate water cycle processes linked to the atmosphere, continents, and oceans by means of field
experiments, data analyses, and numerical simulations. Our research targets include the dynamical andmicrophysical processes of cloud and precipitation systems and interactions among the atmosphere, land
surface, and ocean, including the roles of vegetation and biological processes in the context of the global
water cycle.
In field experiments, we perform observations of the water cycle in many different ways. Precipitation
systems in the Baiu front and typhoons around the East China Sea and the Japan Islands are observed using
polarimetric Doppler radars. At the same time, we are developing a cloud-resolving numerical model toexamine the detailed structure of heavy rainfall/snowfall systems, typhoons, and tornados. In addition, weinvestigate the mechanisms of diurnal, intraseasonal, seasonal, and annual variations of Asian monsoon using
reanalysis data and climate models. Satellite data are fully utilized for regions beyond the reach of groundobservational networks.
In an effort to establish strategies to exploit observations and model simulations complementarily, we are
exploring methodologies to validate cloud-resolving numerical simulations using ground-based and satellite
data. Analysis tools and datasets obtained from our observational and modeling studies will be made available
to the public. Our objective is to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the Earth’s water cycle bycontinuing and further expanding ongoing research on individual processes and interactions among theatmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

An X-band polarimetric Doppler radar of Nagoya University
is installed at Ngarchelong State, Republic of Palau. An
intensive observation is conducted in June 2013 to clarify
mesoscale convective systems with vortices forming atyphoon over the western Pacific Ocean.

Particle identification obtained by an X-band polarimetric
Doppler radar of Nagoya University at Aguni Island,
Okinawa on June 1, 2011. Green, light green, and orange
colors show the existence of "dry snow (aggregate)," "icecrystal," and "dry graupel" estimated by polarimetricparameters. Particle images obtained by a hydrometeor
videosonde (HYVIS) around the mark (X) show theexistence of "column type" ice crystals.

7

Horizontal distribution of sea surface temperature (SST;color) and sea surface current velocity (brightness), andsea-level pressure (hPa, contour lines) obtained from asimulation experiment of the typhoon T1204 using acoupled atmosphere-wave-ocean non-hydrostatice model,
CReSS-NHOES. The typhoon T1204 is located to thenortheast of Okinawa Island. Decrease of SST and
increase of the current velocity are significant in theright-hand side of the typhoon track.

Satellite data analysis of the interaction among the MaddenJulian Oscillation (MJO) and equatorial atmospheric waves(and its schematic). The result offers a new insight into theatmospheric dynamics governing tropical convective clouds.

Lab. of Meteorology
UYEDA Hiroshi (Professor)
tel: (052) 789-3492 e-mail : uyeda@rain.hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Major works are field experiments in moist Asia and data analyses aiming to reveal the generation anddevelopment mechanisms of precipitation systems. Energy and water circulation in the area from the west
Pacific ocean to the Baiu/Meiyu frontal zone are investigated by jointly synthesized observations anddiagnostic analyses with numerical simulations, solving the problems of boundary layer flux, cumulus cloudformation and cloud physical processes. He is aiming to clarify the characteristics of precipitation systems inmoist Asia and to reveal the impact of precipitation systems in climate change by investigation of various
precipitation systems in Asia.
TSUBOKI Kazuhisa (Professor)
tel: (052) 789-3493 e-mail : tsuboki@rain.hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Water circulation of the atmosphere is characterized by clouds and precipitation. Their formation and evolution
are diverse and complex. In order to study the mechanism and structure of clouds, both observation andnumerical modeling are important. I perform field experiments and develop a cloud model (the Cloud
Resolving Storm Simulator; CReSS) to study the nature of clouds and precipitation.

SHINODA Taro (Assoc. Professor)
tel: (052) 789-3494 e-mail : shinoda@rain.hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
I have studied the development process and structure of deep convective clouds by using results of radarobservations and numerical simulation. I am also interested in the generation of shallow convective clouds
around the top of the convective mixing layer. Especially, I consider that the land-atmosphere interaction andthe humidity in the middle troposphere are affecting the development of deep convective clouds. I will research
the process of the boundary layer an cloud physics in order to improve the parameterizations utilized in GCMs
(General Circulation Models) and RCMs (Regional Climate Models).
OHIGASHI Tadayasu (Designated Assist. Prof.)

tel: (052) 789-3493 e-mail : ohigashi@rain.hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp

Extreme phenomena such as heavy rainfall/snowfall and high winds occur occasionally in the atmosphere. My
interests lie in how extreme phenomena start, develop, and are maintained. Recent progress of both simulation
models and computer performance enables us to create an apparently realistic computer-simulated atmosphere.
This provides valuable information for us to understand the phenomena, while numerical models cannot
completely simulate the real atmosphere. Observation provides us with accurate data. However, thisinformation is fragmentary in space and time. By the complementary use of computer simulation andobservation with imperfect information, I am attempting to clarify the mechanisms causing the extreme
phenomena.

Lab. for Cloud and Precipitation Climatology
MASUNAGA Hirohiko (Assoc. Professor)
tel: (052)789-5413 e-mail: masunaga@hayrc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Clouds and precipitation are not only susceptible to ambient climate changes but are also crucial for climate
formation. Our objective is to further understand the Earth’s climate system by thoroughly and carefully
examining clouds and precipitation present around the globe. Observations from satellite radars andradiometers, together with other research tools including numerical models, are instrumental in the projects wehave underway. We also aim at contributing to international satellite programs via the development of data
analysis algorithms.

8

Global-Scale Water Cycle Variations
This division conducts scientific investigations on the nature and mechanisms of variability of the global
water circulation system mainly by data analysis and global numerical modeling with an insight into
interactions between the water cycle, material cycle and biological processes. The data from satellites andother sources, which are of different quality, will be assimilated into reconciled grid data by the use of thenumerical model prior to data analysis.
Since the variability of the water circulation system depends not only on internal factors inherent in thesystem, but also on external ones, individual parameters of these factors will be examined for its responsibility
for and sensitivity to the system variability by data analysis and the global numerical model. By combined useof the results from these examinations, we will clarify the mechanisms regulating the variability of the global
water circulation system.
Global ocean primary production in
April 2009. It was calculated fromphytoplankton pigment(chlorophyll-a) concentration, sea
surface temperature,
photosynthetically available
radiation from satellite data with amodel.

a) Climatological (1958 - 2012)
mean of summer (June, Julyand August) precipitation in the
Arctic circumpolar regionb) Long-term trend of the summer
precipitation from 1984 to 2011

Mean sea surface current (vector) and mean sea
surface dynamic height (tone) in the southwestern partof the Japan Sea calculated from satellite drifters andaltimetry data.

9

Measurements of individual tree water use (upper
panels) and the results obtained on each day at thecenter of the south-facing slope (a), an upper position(b) and a lower position (c) of the north-facing slope.
Using many such sensors distributed over a forest
watershed, we can examine the environmental
response of forest water use at a catchment scale.

Eco-Climate System Lab.
HIYAMA, Tetsuya (Professor)
tel: (052)789-5439 e-mail: hiyama@hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
I investigate atmospheric - terrestrial water cycles focusing on the Arctic circumpolar region and the southern
Africa semi-arid region. I intensively focus on the changes in water cycles associated with the global warmingin the Arctic circumpolar region. Because there has been decreasing summer Arctic sea ice extent in theEurasian continent side, changes in atmospheric - terrestrial water cycles in eastern Siberia has been also
detected. I am conducting an interdisciplinary research on social adaptation to such changing water
environments in eastern Siberia, with the use of knowledge in hydrology, meteorology, climatology,
geocryology, ecology, and anthropology. Tower-based flux measurements and analyzing precipitation data,river discharge data, and atmospheric reanalysis data are my main tasks. In Namibia, locating at southern
Africa, I focus on water - food security studies. This is because there has been large interannual variability inprecipitation, and local residents severely damaged to water resources as well as crop (food) productions. I amcollaborating with several researchers in crop science as well as development studies in order to introduce flood- drought adaptive cropping system to local farmers.
KUMAGAI, Tomo'omi (Assoc. Professor)
tel: (052)789-3478 e-mail: kuma@hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Life is controlled by exogenous environmental physical factors, and vice versa. Based on the concept of energy
and matter flows in the Soil-Plant-Atmospheric Continuum (SPAC), I investigate such interactions between thebiosphere and atmosphere at various time and spatial scales, i.e., from cell to community of life. In particular,
to clarify the impact of climate and land use changes on regional water and carbon cycles in Southeast Asian
tropics, I am conducting detailed observations on microclimate, energy/water/carbon eddy flux, andecophysiology and analyzing those data using mathematical models.
FUJINAMI Hatsuki (Assist. Professor)
tel: (052)789-3474 e-mail: hatsuki@hayrc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
I study the space-time variability of convection and associated atmospheric circulation over the Asian summer
monsoon regions using satellite data, global objective analysis data, and surface observation data. I focus on theland areas affected by Asian summer monsoon (e.g., the Tibetan Plateau, the plains of the eastern part of China,
Nepal, and Bangladesh). The target timescale ranges from diurnal to interannual. I will investigate therelationship between land surface conditions (e.g., topography, vegetation, etc.) and the convective variability.

Lab. of Satellite Biological Oceanography
ISHIZAKA Joji (Professor)
tel: (052)789-3487 e-mail: jishizak@hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Primary production of marine environment is conducted mostly by microscopic phytoplankton and is the mostimportant process for energy and material flows through marine ecosystem. Primary production of the marine
environment is studied by satellite remote sensing, ship observation, and analysis of the past dataset. Currently,
coastal environment is the main target because it is under the influence of human impact through changes infreshwater input and nutrient load and under the influence of climate change through modification of ocean
current and wind. The research areas are mainly East China Sea, Japan Sea, and Ise/Mikawa Bays.
MINO Yoshihisa (Assist. Professor)
tel: (052)789-3491 e-mail: kuro@hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Marine biological processes contribute significantly to the absorption of atmospheric CO2 by the oceans, which
in turn controls atmospheric CO2 concentration on long time scales and thereby influences global climate. My
study involves the evaluation of spatial-temporal variability in such biological processes, mainly carbon
fixation by phytoplankton and sinking of biogenic debris, and the elucidation of their controlling mechanisms
using stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) in the marine organic matter. The physiological responses of algae to theenvironmental changes, associated with global warming, are also investigated with help of both laboratory
experiments on algal cultures and field observations.

Lab. of Bio-Physical Oceanography
MORIMOTO Akihiko (Assoc. Professor)
tel: (052)789-3433 e-mail: amorimoto@hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Variability of the sea surface current field in the ocean, which affects the material cycle, is investigated byusing satellite, ocean radar, and hydrographic data. I focus on the variability in the current field and the
response of the ecosystem to the current variability in the Asian marginal seas such as the East China, Yellow,
and Japan seas. The marine environments in the East China and Japan seas are drastically changing due toclimate change and construction of the Three Gorges dam. To investigate the marine environment change, we
conducted hydrographic observation in the Tsushima Straits, which connect the East China Sea to the Japan
Sea.

10

Endowed Research Division：Stakeholder Management on Offshore Wind Endowed Research
Division
Japan’s energy policy has drastically changed since
the Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Daiichi
nuclear accident that occurred on March 11, 2011. In contrast to its
past efforts to promote nuclear power generation projects, Japan
has now entered an age of denuclearization.
As support for renewable energy gains momentum, Japanesecitizens are becoming increasingly interested in the use of offshore
wind power—the most abundant of the various forms of renewableenergy. Furthermore, the Japanese government has begun
implementing a number of experimental research projects related
to offshore wind power generation.
However, a number of these projects have been thwarted by
Floating wind turbine
conflicts with fishery operators. Because the consent of fisheryoperators is required for installing offshore structures, negotiations with these operators pose major challenges.
Offshore wind power generation projects have the potential to develop into a significant new industry in
the future; however, the growth of these projects undoubtedly depends on the cooperation of fishery operatorsor stakeholder management. Research on stakeholder management of offshore wind power generation projects
is still in its early stages, and currently, there is an insufficient number of case studies to facilitate research in
the field. In Japan, a country in which fishery operators possess unique fishing rights, offshore wind power
generation projects are still relatively new and researchers in the field of stakeholder management must collect
more case studies and closely examine their content.
We are currently discussing these issues with a large number of fishery cooperatives and individuals
connected with the fishing industry. We expect to discover a method for resolving the existing issues through a
successful discussion process.
In September 2011, having gained the cooperation of the Fisheries Agency, the Nagoya University groupthat is investigating the industrialization of offshore wind farms took the next step by enhancing links with
University has played amunicipalities
andprefectural
fishery
associations in areas withsuitable wind conditions
andbycommencing
discussions with fisheryoperators. Since March
2012, we have continued
to hold further discussions
with various fisheries
associations,havinggained the full support of
the Society for Aqua Wind
Research. Nagoya central
role in these discussions.

11Endowed Research Division：Stakeholder Management on Offshore Wind Endowed Research
Division

Stakeholder Management Research Lab.
YASUDA Kimiaki (Professor)
tel: (052) 747-6708 e-mail : kyasuda@iar.nagoya-u.ac.jp
In the past, there was a debate about “who owns the seas?”
Since then, wild animals, fish, and shellfish have been classified as ownerless properties in Japan,
and the people who hunt these species have been able to claim ownership of them. However, in the
Edo period, the Tokugawa shogunate established a feudal system by geographically andhierarchically immobilizing the population. To achieve a self-sufficient economic system at the coastal
village level through fishing and agrarian populist policy, the shogunate and local feudal clans
bestowed fishing rights on the coastal villages, which allowed them to subsist. Beginning in the Edo
period, these coastal areas became home to the residents of fishing villages, and coastal land owners
planted the idea of “we own the sea” in the minds of the villagers. This sense of entitlement continues
to exist today, and the tendency for fishery operators to exercise their rights to “prevent others fromusing the seas freely” has constrained government operations. These conditions pose major
challenges to the progress of offshore wind power generation projects in Japan.
Overseas, other societies are generally aware that “rather than belonging to fishery operators, theseas are the common property of the entire nation.” Therefore, there have been no major obstacles tothe progress of offshore wind generation projects in Europe.
Our research division has been assigned the task of “applying specific methodologies to realign theattitude of fishermen and gaining approval for the growth of offshore wind power generation.”
MOTOSU Memi (Assistant Professor) tel: (052) 747-6550 e-mail : motosu.memi@a.mbox.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Although most people have responded positively to wind power, conflicts have arisen between local
residents and wind power project operators when wind turbines are actually installed in offshore
areas, causing projects to be delayed. While these conflicts are largely due to concerns over thenegative impact of wind farms on the fishing industry, it can be argued that issues such as distributionof project benefits and defects in the opinion consolidation process further serve to intensify the
conflict. Therefore, I am investigating the consensus-building procedure for offshore wind power
generation projects in Japan and analyzing the determinants of acceptance when offshore windturbines are rejected or approved. Through these activities, I intend to press for a form of offshore
wind power generation that is welcomed in local areas.

Stakeholder Management on Offshore Wind Endowed Research Division Steering Committee
FUJIYOSHI Yasushi

Specially Appointed Prof., Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University

KANZAWA Hiroshi

Prof., Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

YASUDA Kimiaki

Prof., Endowed Research Division Professor, Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center, Nagoya University

ISHIZAKA Joji

Director, Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University

UYEDA Hiroshi

Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University

TSUBOKI Kazuhisa

Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University

MORIMOTO Akihiko

Assoc., Prof. Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, Nagoya University

12Research Programme
Formation of a virtual laboratory for diagnosing the Earth’s climate system (VL)
To diagnose the Earth’s climate system facing
global warming, a virtual laboratory (VL) wasestablished in 2007 as a joint program conducted by
the following four research centers: (1) Center for
Climate System Research (CCSR, currently
Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute or AORI),t h e U n i v e r s i t y o f To k y o , ( 2 ) C e n t e r f o r
Environmental Remote Sensing (CEReS), Chiba
University, (3) Center for Atmospheric and Oceanic
Studies (CAOS), Graduate School of Science,
To h o k u U n i v e r s i t y, a n d ( 4 ) H y d r o s p h e r i c
Atmospheric Research Center (HyARC), Nagoya
University. The duration of this program is sevenyears. Each participating institute contributes to theprogram by exploiting their own strengths, forexample, archiving datasets of greenhouse gases,
aerosols, microphysical parameters of clouds,
vegetation parameters, and the structure of cloud andprecipitation systems. These data are crucial for
Vertical distributions of reflectivity (color) obtained from (a)the satellite observation (CloudSat-CPR) and (b) thevalidating and evaluating global circulation models
simulation (CReSS-SDSU) along a certain orbit around the(GCMs) and regional cloud-resolving modelTaiwan and Okinawa area at 18 UTC on May 29, 2010.
simulations. Furthermore, we aim at training young
scientists through the research program. While a short training course is conducted every year by one of ourparticipating institutes in turn, we exchange our staff and young scientists to give seminars.
The VL members at HyARC conduct water budget studies with focus on cloud and precipitation using
the Cloud Resolving Storm Simulator (CReSS) and the Satellite Data Simulator Unit (SDSU). In this program,
we investigate six themes as follows:(1) Development of the CReSS model(2) Establishment of methodology to validate CReSS simulations using the SDSU
(3) Implementation of a data assimilation scheme for the CReSS(4) Establishment of methodology to use CReSS simulations for improving the cloud parameterizations
for GCMs(5) Development of a two-way nesting scheme linking GCM and CReSS(6) Establishment of data analysis techniques for X-band polarimetric radars
We started a pilot study to validate the cloud-top height (temperature) computed from CReSS simulations
using the SDSU to compare that with satellite data provided from CEReS, Chiba University (see Figure). We
are exploring methodologies to validate CReSS simulations in order to improve the microphysical scheme in
the CReSS.
This research is ongoing after the end of the original project period with the support of the each University
and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.

13

Study consortium for Earth-Life Interactive System
What is Study consortium for Earth-Life Interactive System (SELIS)?
As scientists work towards solving the current global environmental issues, there is a great need fora more complete understanding of the earth system. To achieve this aim it is essential to establish andpromote a synthetic science of the Earth-Life Interactive System – a science that treats the closeinteraction between the atmosphere, the hydrosphere, the geosphere, and the biosphere. James Lovelock,a British environmental scientist, proposed the radical new “Gaia” concept- a proposal that the Earth’s
environment is actively controlled by the biosphere. However, the extent and ways in which the real earthsystem behaves like “Gaia” remain major unresolved issues.
A virtual institute in Nagoya University, SELIS (Study consortium for Earth-Life Interactive System),
was established in March 2008 with following centers, institute, and graduate schools, to achieve a deep
understanding of the earth system – a system on which all the living creatures depend - and through this to
propose a new discipline to study our planet Earth.
 Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center (HyARC)
 Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory (STEL) Center for Chronological Research (CCR) Graduate School of Environmental Studies (GSES)
 Graduate School of Bio-agricultural Studies (GSBS)HyARC, STEL, CCR and GSES were participated in the 21st COE program “Sun-Earth-Life
Interactive System” (SELIS-COE) starting from 2003. With the tight collaboration between thoseresearch and education organizations, we could formulate research and education system withoutboundary between the disciplines. Human activities are becoming one of the most important forcing of
the earth system, and we realized that, not only the diagnosis of the earth environment, but a new
approach like "basic and clinical environmental studies" is necessary to protect the earth system including
humansphere. Thus, with the participation of GSBS, Global COE program "From Earth System Scienceto Basic and Clinical Environmental Studies"(GCOE-BCES) was started from 2009. This movement
has been ahead of the newly starting international program of Future Earth.
SELIS supported GSES established Research Center for Sustainable Co-Development on 2014.
SELIS is planning to support studies of variability and change of seamless earth system including
biosphere and humansphere within the university as well as with national and international
collaborations.

SELIS website: http://www.selis.hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp

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Education & Social Activities
HyARC is involved in teaching at the Graduate School of Environmental Studies. Master’s and doctoral
students obtain their degrees under the guidance of HyARC professors. HyARC employ researchers who are
dedicated to cultivating young researchers. Many foreign students and researchers are members of HyARC
and play an active role in their country. Three or four visiting professors are invited annually.
We disseminate the research progress to the society through extension lectures aimed at the generalpublic, lectures organized for junior high school and high school students, and mass media. We haveconducted the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) training course for over 20 years.

Cooperative Observation

VL Training Course

We have organized the HyARC
Seminar more than 10 times;
here, researchers from otherorganizations introduce their latest
findings.

Cooperative observation withresearchers of various disciplines
provides a good opportunity forstudents and young researchers
to seek new research.

The VL training course promotes
cooperative research among
students and young researchers.

Extension Lecture Meeting

On-site training

IHP Training Course

We provide lectures and on-sitetraining to junior high school andhigh school students. Training
includes microscopic observationof phytoplankton and radiosonde
observations.

Every year, the HyARC andDisaster Prevention ResearchInstitute in Kyoto University
conducts a two-week training
course, mainly attended bytrainees from Asian countries whomaster observational methods
and analytical techniques inhydrology.

HyARC Seminar

Our annual extension lectures
explain global environmental
problems in simple terms to thegeneral public.

Dissemination ofInformation through MassMedia
Our research results are
disseminated through mass
media, such as newspapers,
radio, and TV.

15

LecturesWe deliver lectures about our
research to Japanese highschools, other Japanese
universities, and foreign
universities.

に係る観測・分析技術を習得させる事により、今日の地球環境問題の解決に貢献することを目的としている

Organization
Research
Division

Division of Regional-Scale Water Cycle Processes
Lab. of Meteorology
Prof. UYEDA Hiroshi, Prof. TSUBOKI Kazuhisa, Assoc. Prof. SHINODA TaroLab. for Cloud and Precipitation Climatology

Board ofCouncilors

Assoc. Prof. MASUNAGA Hirohiko
Director

Division of Global-Scale Water Cycle Variations
Eco-Climate System Lab.
Prof. HIYAMA Tetsuya, Assoc. Prof. KUMAGAI Tomoʼomi
Assist. Prof. FUJINAMI Hatsuki

Advisory
Board

Lab. of Satellite Biological Oceanography
Prof. ISHIZAKA Joji, Assist. Prof. MINO Yoshihisa
Lab. of Bio-Physical Oceanography
Assoc. Prof. MORIMOTO Akihiko

Board onResearch
Collaboration

Endowed Research Division
Stakeholder Management Research Lab.
Prof. YASUDA Kimiaki, Assist. Prof. MOTOSU MemiHyARC Observation Unit

Technical Office (Technical Center)
MINDA Haruya, KYUSHIMA Moeto

Administration
Department,
Research
Institutes

General Affairs Division
Research Support Office
Research Support Section
General Aﬀairs Section / Personnel Aﬀairs Section

Accounting Division
Accounting Section / Supplies Section / Maintenance Section

16Administration
Advisory Board●Members outside Nagoya University
FUJIYOSHI Yasushi: Specially Appointed Prof., Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
HANAWA Kimio: Prof., Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
TERASHIMA Ichiro: Prof., Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo
NAKAMURA Kenji: Prof., Department of Economics on Sustainability, Dokkyo University
SUMI Akimasa: President, National Institute for Environmental Studies
YAMANAKA Manabu: Principal Scientist, Research Institute for Global Change,
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
TANIGUCHI Makoto: Prof., Research Institute for Humanity and Nature
OKI Riko: Senior Researcher, Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency●Members from HyARC, Nagoya University
UYEDA Hiroshi: Prof.
TSUBOKI Kazuhisa: Prof.
HIYAMA Tetsuya: Prof.
MASUNAGA Hirohiko: Assoc. Prof.
KUMAGAI Tomo’omi: Assoc. Prof.
MORIMOTO Akihiko: Assoc. Prof.
SHINODA Taro: Assoc. Prof.

Board of Councilors●Members from Nagoya University
TANAKA Kentaro: Prof., Graduate School of Science
TSUJIMOTO Tetsuro: Prof., Graduate School of Engineering
TAKENAKA Chisato: Prof., Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences
KANZAWA Hiroshi: Prof., Graduate School of Environmental Studies
MATSUMI Yutaka: Prof., Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory
ISHIZAKA Joji: Director, Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center
UYEDA Hiroshi: Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center
TSUBOKI Kazuhisa: Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center
HIYAMA Tetsuya: Prof., Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center

Board on Research Collaboration●Members outside Nagoya University
FUJIYOSHI Yasushi: Specially Appointed Prof., Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
YAMANAKA Manabu: Principal Scientist, Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for
Marine-Earth Science and Technology
TANIGUCHI Makoto: Prof., Research Institute for Humanity and Nature
OKI Riko: Senior Researcher, Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency●Members from HyARC, Nagoya University
UYEDA Hiroshi: Prof.
TSUBOKI Kazuhisa: Prof.
SHINODA Taro: Assoc. Prof.

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Access Guide・Map
To Higashiyama Campus

Access Guide● From Nagoya Station:
Take the Subway Higashiyama Line to Motoyama Sta., thentransfer to the Subway Meijo Line to Nagoya Daigaku Sta. (30min.)● From Centrair:
Take the Meitetsu Line to Kanayama Sta. (30 min.), then transfer tothe Subway Meijyo Line to Nagoya Daigaku Sta.(21 min.).
＊Get off at Nagoya Daigaku Sta. and walk about 15 min.

Map
Higashiyama Campus

１〜３Subway Meijo Line
“Nagoya Daigaku” Station
City Bus“Nagoya Daigaku mae” Bus Stop

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Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center
Nagoya University
2014

Address: Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601 JAPAN
Phone: +81-52-789-3466 FAX: +81-52-788-6206
URL http://www.hyarc.nagoya-u.ac.jp/english/