Heat and Mass Transfer (2019) 55:933–935
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-018-2468-2

LAUDATIO

Professor Sadik Kakaç on His 85th Birthday
Mohamed M. Awad 1 & Yildiz Bayazitoglu 2 & Adrian Bejan 3 & Andrea Luke 4 & Franz Mayinger 5 &Anchasa Pramuanjaroenkij 6 & Leonard L. Vasiliev 7
Received: 16 March 2018 / Accepted: 28 August 2018 / Published online: 15 September 2018
# Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018

Professor Sadik Kakaç is one of the well-known names in thefield of heat transfer, heat exchangers, and multiphase flowand well respected among his colleagues in the heat transfer,heat exchangers, and multiphase flow community all over theworld. He was born on the 1st October 1932, in Çorum,Turkey. He studied engineering at the Technical Universityof Istanbul (ITU) and received his degree of Dipl.-Ing fromthe Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Technical
University of Istanbul (ITU) in 1955. Within the period of1955-1958, Professor Sadik Kakaç joined the Heat
Technique chair to start his professional life as a research/teaching assistant in the Department of MechanicalEngineering at the Technical University of Istanbul (ITU).
Then, he studied at the Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (MIT) after receiving an Eisenhower Fellowship
to study peaceful use of atomic energy. He earned master’s
degrees in mechanical engineering and nuclear engineering in
1959 and 1960, respectively, from the Massachusetts Instituteof Technology (MIT). Within the period of 1963-1965, he did
his Ph. D. at the Victoria University of Manchester, UK after
receiving a scholarship from the British government in 1963.
* Mohamed M. Awad
m_m_awad@mans.edu.eg

1

Mechanical Power Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt

2

Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, RiceUniversity, 6100 Main Street, MS 321, Houston, TX 77005-1892,
USA

3

Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, DukeUniversity, Durham, NC 27708-0300, USA

4

Technical Thermodynamics, University of Kassel, Kurt-Wolters Str.
3, 34125 Kassel, Germany

5

Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik, Technische Universität München,
85747 Garching, Germany

6

Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kasetsart University,
Chalermphrakiat Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Chatuchak,Bangkok, Thailand

7Luikov Heat & Mass Transfer Institute, National Academy ofSciences Minsk Belarus, 15, P. Brovka Str., 220072 Minsk, Belarus

Yildiz Bayazitoglu
bayaz@rice.edu
Adrian Bejan
abejan@duke.edu
Andrea Lukeluke@uni-kassel.deFranz Mayinger
mayinger@td.mw.tum.de; franz-mayinger@t-online.deAnchasa Pramuanjaroenkij
anchasa@gmail.com
Leonard L. Vasiliev
leonard_vasiliev@rambler.ru

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After returning back from the Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (MIT), Professor Sadik Kakaç began his academic life as an instructor 1960 in the Department of MechanicalEngineering at the Middle East Technical University(METU), Ankara, Turkey. After obtaining his Ph. D. in1965, he became Associate Professor in the Department ofMechanical Engineering at the Middle East Technical
University (METU), Ankara, Turkey. Professor Sadik Kakaçbecame Professor in the Department of MechanicalEngineering at the Middle East Technical University(METU), Ankara, Turkey in 1970. During that period, hehelped in building the Mechanical Engineering Department
and the heat transfer lab at the Middle East Technical
University (METU), Ankara, Turkey.
Professor Sadik Kakaç held various governmental and research positions in Turkey. For example, he was elected as amember of the Turkish Scientific and Technological ResearchCouncil (TUBITAK) within the period of 1972-1980. He wasappointed as the Secretary General of the Turkish AtomicEnergy Commission within the period of 1978-1980. Hewas representing Turkey in a number of scientific endeavors
around the globe as a member of NATO Science Committee
during 1979/1980, the OECD NEA Steering Committee during 1978/1980, the Cento Scientific Coordinating Board during 1972/1974. Within the period of 1976-1978, Professor
Sadik Kakaç served as the Chairman of the MechanicalEngineering Department at the Middle East TechnicalUniversity (METU), Ankara, Turkey.
In 1980, Professor Sadik Kakaç was a visiting professor
in the department of mechanical engineering at theUniversity of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida. He wasappointed as a full professor of mechanical engineeringwith tenure in 1982. Within the period of 1990-1998, heserved as chairman of the department. He retired from theUniversity of Miami in 2008 and since then he has been aProfessor at TOBB University of Economics andTechnology, in Ankara, Turkey. He has been frequently invited as a lecturer and speaker by different institutions inUS, Europe, China, Malaysia, Singapore, Brazil, Bulgaria
and other countries. He organized short courses on Heat
Exchangers thermal design in Taiwan, Singapore,Thailand, France, Brazil, and Turkey.
During his work at Department of MechanicalEngineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara,Turkey, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universityof Miami, Florida, USA as well as TOBB University ofEconomics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey, Professor
Sadik Kakaç published over 300 reports and papers as wellas many books on heat and mass transfer, heat exchangers,and multiphase flow like Refs. [1–10]. His review paper in2009 on BConvective Heat Transfer Enhancement WithNanofluids^ in the International Journal of Heat and Mass
Transfer [11] has more than 1200 citation.

Heat Mass Transfer (2019) 55:933–935

Professor Sadik Kakaç is the Recipient of several international awards like Alexander von Humboldt SeniorDistinguished US Scientist Award in 1989 for his outstanding contributions on heat transfer and two-phaseflow. He received Science Award from the Associationof Turkish-American Scientists in 1994. He received theAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Heat
Transfer Memorial Award in 1997 due to his contributions
to research and education through his research work andbooks. He received distinguished service awards from theMiddle East Technical University (METU) in 1998, andfrom the Turkish Scientific and Technical ResearchCouncil (TUBITAK) in 2000.
The ASME Heat Transfer Division (HTD) celebrates
its 75th anniversary during ASME 2013 Summer Heat
Tr a n s f e r C o n f e r e n c e ( H T C 2 0 1 3 ) , M i n n e a p o l i sMinnesota, July 14-19, 2013 [12]. Professor Sadik
Kakaç received HTD's 75th Anniversary Award atHTC2013. Few months later, professor Sadik Kakaçawarded ASME Honorary Membership at the ASME
2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress &Exposition (IMECE2013), San Diego, CA, November
15-21, 2013 for seminal and pioneering achievements intransient two-phase flows, fuel cells and micro/nano heattransfer research and engineering; and for sustained contributions to education as an organizer of conferences andauthor of well-known textbooks on heat transfer and heatexchangers Bhttps://www.asme.org/about-asme/getinvolved/honors-awards/press-releases/sadik-kakacawarded-honorary-membership, https://www.asme.org/
engineering-topics/media/heat-transfer/video-sadik-kakac2013-honorary-membership^.
Professor Sadik Kakaç is the first Turkish scientist whoreceived 2014 Luikov Medal awarded to scientists each twoyears by the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer(ICHMT) Bhttp://www.ichmt.org/page/50/lmedal^. This
Medal has been awarded to scientists who have made asignificant contribution to the science of development ofinternational cooperation in this area and has been given
to scientists from various countries throughout the world
since 1979.
Deemed deserving of the 2014 Luikov Medal by ICHMTfor his significant contributions to the heat and mass transfer
science and developing the international cooperation in thisfield, Professor Sadik Kakaç not only has several achievements in this field and books, which are used in education
throughout the world, but he has formulated an importantparameter used by researchers in the fluids mechanism thathas been named the ‘Kakaç number’ [13]. The Kakaç number
is defined as follows:
Kaka ç numberPD
1/ 2l h fg

ð1Þ

Heat Mass Transfer (2019) 55:933–935

Where P is pressure (Pa), D is outside diameter of the tube(m), μl is liquid dynamic viscosity (kg/ms), and hfg is latent
heat of vaporization (J/kg).
The Kakaç number gives the combined effect of the bubble
growth dynamics with the thermal influences in the thermalboundary layer adjacent to the wall. Including this dimensionless number led to a correlation with better accuracy [13].
Professor Sadik Kakaç received the Doctor Honoris
Causae from the University of Ovidius, Romania in 1998,
the University of Reims, France in 1999, and Odessa State
Academy of Refrigeration in 2007. He is a foreign memberof the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostanof Russian Federation in 1998, and a member of the Turkish
Academy of Sciences in 1999. He is honorary Professor ofShanghai Institute of Electrical Power, China in 1986, Xi’anJiatong University, China in 1988, the Engineering College atthe Ghandi Institute of Technology and Management, India in1992. He is a Fellow member of ASME.
He served as a member of the Max Jakob award committee
during 1999/2005 and the committee chairman in 2005. He isa member of the Scientific Council, and the Executive
Committee, and Fellow of the International Centre of Heatand Mass Transfer (ICHMT). During a difficult period to theexistence of ICHMT, he was very active to transfer the centreto Turkey and to find financial support from TUBITAK for its
functioning throughout these years.
He has started well known NATO Advanced Study
Institutes on different topics of thermal and fluid sciences in1976. Most of these workshops have resulted in archival
books, which present the background and present status in
the areas considered.
On the occasion of his 85th birthday, on behalf of his students, colleagues and friends all over the world, we wish
Professor Sadik Kakaç a very happy birthday and a continuous active life in good health and happiness!

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References
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Kakaç S, Shah RK, Bergles AE (1983) Low Reynolds number flowheat exchangers. Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, Washington
DC, pp 15–19
Kakaç S, Shah RK, Aung W (1987) Handbook of single-phaseconvective heat transfer. Wiley, New York
Kakaç S (1991) Boilers, evaporators, and condensers. Wiley, NewYork
Kakaç S, Bergles AE, Mayinger F, Yüncü H (eds) (1999) Heattransfer enhancement of heat exchangers. (NATO ASI Series E Vol 355). Kluwer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9159-1
Yener Y, Kakaç S (2008) Heat conduction. Taylor & Francis Group,New York
Kakaç S, Pramuanjaroenkij A, Vasiliev LL (eds) (2008) Mini-microfuel cells: Fundamentals and applications. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8295-5
Kakaç S, Bergles AE, Fernandes EO (2012) Two-phase flow heatexchangers: Thermal-hydraulic fundamentals and design. Springer.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2790-2
Kakaç S, Liu H, Pramuanjaroenkij A (2012) Heat exchangers:
Selection, rating, and thermal design. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Kakaç S, Yener Y, Pramuanjaroenkij A (2013) Convective heattransfer. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Vasiliev LL, Kakaç S (2013) Heat pipes and solid sorption transformations: Fundamentals and practical applications. CRC Press,New York, p 411–464
Kakaç S, Pramuanjaroenkij A (2009) Review of convective heattransfer enhancement with nanofluids. Int J Heat Mass Transf
52(13):3187–3196 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/
pii/S0017931009001069
Marner WJ (2013) 75 years of progress: A history of the ASME
heat transfer division. ASME J Heat Transf 135(6) Article No.
(061001) http://heattransfer.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.
aspx?articleid=1688843
Sarma PK, Srinivas V, Sharma KV, Subrahmanyam T, Kakaç S (2008)
A correlation to predict heat transfer coefficient in nucleate boiling on
cylindrical heating elements. Int J Therm Sci 47(3):347–354