A STUDY OF VIRTUAL MUSEUM TO UNDERSTANDGEOMAGNETIC REVERSE STRAUM
Kunio OHNO†(Member),Toshio KAJIWARA†††Monavis IT Consulting Co., ††Think Tank Go Renaissance

ABSTRACT
Chibanian, the geomagnetism reversal stratum facing the
Yorogawa River in Ichihara City, Chiba Prefecture has beenannounced as the geological age name of the Cenozoic Pleistocene Pleistocene. Then some ideas of local geopark concept
have been discussed for the regional activation,and discussionof political civil engineering construction tends to be preceded. In view of another perspective, virtual museum, which will
be suitable for a regional activity as inexpensive volunteer effort may be considered. In this paper, constituent requirements for the virtual museum, and some possible technologies
have been discussed.

1. INTRODUCTION
This paper introduces the geomagnetic reversal strata thatexist on the cliffs of the riverbank facing the Yoro River in
Ichihara City, Chiba Prefecture
For local communities activation, civil engineering development of governmental or NPO based activities come tomind, but businesses that utilize the epoch of the geomagnetic reversal strata is difficult to expect short−term results.
From the opposite perspective, personal learning and human resource development based on a long−term effort
should be expected.
One of the activities currently being discussed is the geopark concept. Focussing the geomagnetic reversal stratum,development of a geopark should be natural[1][2].
A museum of the earth will be suitable for the geopark.
Volcanic geoparks such as Hakone and Asama have alreadyexhibited the magma activity of the earth. But there seems to
be no museum that systematically introduces the earth froma macroscopic perspective, such as the earth’s core, earth dynamos, mantle convection, plate tectonics, and continental
drift. Furthermore, if we introduce the geological age alongwith the evolution of living things, boys and girls should beinterested in.

2. MUSEUM FOR LOCAL COMMUNITYACTIVATION
Based on the background mentioned above, we proposed
the possibility of constructing a museum with the following
items.
(1) Introduction of the Ichihara area

Ichihara City in Chiba Prefecture will be introduced locally, and an overview of the geomagnetic reversal strata in the
Tabuchi area should be introduced.
(2) History of the earth
From the story of the strata, we will introduce the geological age of the earth, the history of the evolution of living
things, from the birth of life, to the appearance of human beings with the situation that has built today’s civilization.
(3) Earth’s structure
We will introduce the changes in the internal structureand surface of the earth from the birth of the earth to thepresent day, and introduce the earth dynamo caused by theelectromagnetic fluid in the outer shell and the geomagnetism caused by it with easy−to−understand presentation.
We will also introduce mantle convection, continental drift,
and volcanic activities.
(4) Celestial bodies and the universe
We will introduce not only the earth but also the magnetic
fields of other planets in the solar system, and also explain
the formation of the solar system, planetary / satellite exploration, the possibility of extraterrestrial life, and the formation of the universe. The history of the universe, which begins with the Big Bang, has a different scale than the historyof the Earth, but recent advances in space models have beenremarkable and will be of great interest to curious boys andgirls. Furthermore, aerospace science and technology forspace exploration and space travel should also be interesting
to boys and girls in.
(5) Utilization of computers
Computer simulations are effective in understanding thecontent of earth dynamos and geomagnetism. From thatpoint of view, we will explain in an easy−to−understandmanner how to make computers perform analysis, simulation, graphic display, etc. of physical phenomena such as mechanics, fluid science, heat conduction, and electromagnetism, hold regular workshops, and hold young humanresources. Contribute to improving basic science skills.
(6) Establishment of the virtual museum with related
learning groups
Groups of people who are interested in geomagnetism, thehistory of the earth, the geological age, etc., should be expected by means of SNS, local circle activities, club activitiesin schools as well as museum activities. We also proposed thewebsite content of the exhibition and establish a virtual museum.

3. VIRTUAL MUSEUM ARCHITECTURE
3.1 Overview
Virtual museums should aim to provide systematic knowledge of the subject. Considering this, it should be natural fora creator to determine the directory structure of individual
information, store the museum content in the corresponding
folder, create the table of contents, and finally set up the entire index corresponding to the directory, so that the information can be searched. This method is something like creating a book on a theme, and is equivalent to gaining
knowledge by referring to the text while looking at the tableof contents of a book called a virtual museum.

3.2 Spacial Approach
Next, it will be necessary to consider the specific items ofthe content in order to organize the folders. For systematic
perception, support functions should be needed to enable
macroscopic understanding. For that purpose, the spatial
axis and the time axis will be basic. Kant, a philosopher ofGerman idealism, points out that human knowledge is basedon spatial and chronological grasps, but it is considered to bevalid in common sense. From a spatial point of view, a series
such as outer space → galaxy system → solar system → earth→ world map → map of Japan → Chiba prefecture → Ichihara city can be considered.

pan → Chiba prefecture → Ichihara city, then from Hadean→ Archean → Proterozoic → Phanerozoic to Paleozoic →Mesozoic → Cenozoic. We think it should be good to
introduce the history of time. Regarding geomagnetic reversal, it is necessary to introduce more specialized content
than general scientific understanding of space and time.
Therefore, since this content is a feature of this virtual museum, it is necessary to make effort suitable for a tutorial to
beginners.

4.VIRTUAL MUSEUM COMPONENT
4.1 Geomagnetic reversal mechanism
First of all, it is important to understand the geomagnetic
phenomena for the virtual museum of geomagnetic reverse
stratum. There is a magnetic field on the earth, but it is
known that the magnetic fields of the earth and planets are
generated by the magnetic hydro−dynamic action that occurs in the core. In the case of the Earth, the dynamo action
occurs in the outer core, which is mainly composed of molten
iron.
Figure 1 shows the Earth’s internal structure, with theouter core located at a depth of 2900−5100 km[3].

Crust

3.3 Chronological Approach
From the chronological point of view, it is a hierarchicalseries of the history of the universe → the history of the solar
system → the history of the earth → the geological age. Furthermore, the geological age is divided into Hadean → Archean → Proterozoic → Phanerozoic, and the Phanerozoic is
divided into Paleozoic → Mesozoic → Cenozoic. Furthermore, the Paleozoic period is divided into the Cambrian period → Ordobis period → Siruru period → Devon period →Coal period → Belm period. The Mesozoic period is divided
into the Triassic period → Jura period → Cretaceous period,
and the Neogene period is the Paleozoic third. There is a division of the period → the new third period → the Quaternary, and the fourth period has the division of the Pleistocene→ the Complete new age. In the Pleistocene, there are early→ middle → late, and the early is divided into Jurasian →Calabrian. There are no divisions in the middle and latestages, and there are no divisions in the Holocene at present.
Chibanian is the name for the Middle Pleistocene.

3.4 Users
The users of the virtual museum will be ranged from beginners to experts. Since major targets are local people, especially young generation, it should basically be considered as
beginners. If it is positioned as an operational manual, it corresponds to a tutorial manual. Information such as proficient references will rely on academic websites and Google
searches.
If it is positioned as a tutorial, the goal is to introduce theabove spatial and chronological understanding in an easy−
to−understand manner. Introducing the series of space →galaxy → solar system → earth → world map → map of Ja-

MantleOuter Core
Inner Core

Figure 1. Structure of the Earth
When liquid metal, which is has the conductive fluid,
causes convection in a magnetic field, electric current is generated by the principle of electromagnetic induction. A new
magnetic field should be generated by the effect of this current, but if the generated magnetic field strengthens theoriginal magnetic field and overcomes the ohm loss, the convection is strengthened in avalanche phenomena, and theconvection of the conductive fluid can be sustained. The
earth’s magnetic field is generated by this principle.

4.2 Object Analysis and Design
For creating static content to systematically understandspatial and chronological phenomena, and for building simulation programs that model Earth’s phenomena, including
geomagnetic reversal stratum, and dynamic phenomena related to other celestial bodies, object analysis design method
is effective.

As a practical method of object analysis design, UML (Unified Modeling Language) has been widely introduced. A popular method for system construction using UML is to create aclass diagram with a hierarchical structure from use casediagrams and activity diagrams. In order to create the class
diagram for Web content, it is an effective method to organize the content model by XML, because HTML description of
Web content can be transformed from XML data throughXSLT method. We have developed a system model from UML
data model to Web content through XML shown in Fig.2[4].

<Time> 4 billion years ~ </ strong><Features> Birth of life </ Features></ Geological age classification><Geological age group><Name> Proterozoic </ name><Time> 2.5 billion years ~ </ strong><Features> Multicellular organisms </ Features></ Geological age classification><Geological age group><Name> Phanerozoic </ name><Time> 540 million years−present </ time><Features> After the Cambrian explosion </ Features><Geological age / classification></ Geological age>In our system content is described in Japanese as follows.

Fig. 2 From UML to HTML5 Content Management Modelthrough CLOS, XML with XML Database Implementation

The content management system mentioned above is suitable for creating and implementing such hierarchically organized models as creating a class diagram from the use casediagram and activity diagram at first. Then the class diagram
is defined by CLOS（Common Lisp Object System）and its
instance is described in Common Lisp S−equations, which
are converted to XML data through Lisp functions. While
those XML data, used as a basic data model, are systematically stored in the XML database, XML data are converted to
HTML5 by XSLT and displayed as the Web content.

4.3 Example of XML data to HTML5
As mentioned above, the content of the virtual museum
are something like electronic books in which the table of contents, index, keywords, and etc., are managed through systematic technology with metadata and/or database. The content will be HTML5 and XML with various types of files. Basicarchitectural data will be XML with various attributes. Thenthe mechanism for converting XML to HTML5 should betechnically important. XSLT is a tool for that. Typically, thedata defined in XML will be frequently displayed on the Web
in tabular form. So we should like to introduced an example
here. The following is displaying the data of the top layer ofthe geological age in XML.
<?xml version=”1.0” ?><!−− Geological age −−><?xml−stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”Geological age.xsl”?><Geological age>
<Geological age group><Name> Hadean </ name><Time> 4.6 billion years ~ </ strong><Features> Birth of the Earth </ Features></ Geological age classification><Geological age group><Name> Archean </ name><?xml version=”1.0” ?><!−− 地質年代 −−><?xml−stylesheet type=”text/xsl” href=”地質年代.xsl”?><地質年代><地質年代区分><名称>冥王代</名称><時期>46億年〜</時期><特徴>地球誕生</特徴></地質年代区分><地質年代区分><名称>始生代</名称><時期>40億年〜</時期><特徴>生命誕生</特徴></地質年代区分><地質年代区分><名称>原生代</名称><時期>25億年〜</時期><特徴>多細胞生物</特徴></地質年代区分><地質年代区分><名称>顕生代</名称><時期>5.4億年〜現在</時期><特徴>カンブリア爆発以後</特徴><地質年代/区分></地質年代>The tabulated data is shown in Table 1 as follows.
Table 1. Tabulated data from the XML data in Japanese

Image data as Jpeg can be included in the table, and thetaxonomic information can be organized visually and systematically. Table 2 shows an example of classification anddisplay of planets in the solar system.

4.4 Simulation Content

Table 2 Data of Planets in the Soar System

plan and to organize discussion through various practical
dialogues.
In Chapter 2, we introduced the overview and outline ofthe virtual museum. Chapter 3 introduced the architectureof spatial and chronological development approach and alsoarchitecture for users. Chapter 4 explained the geomagnetic
reversal mechanism, object analysis and design method,
XML to HTML5 conversion, and simulation method related
to content.
Explanation of the geomagnetic reversal phenomenon andthe easy−to−understand introduction should be especially
important. This should be the essential issue for the future
study.
Currently, Chibanian Visitor Center has been opened locally and operated as a real museum. The virtual museum
should be expected to support the role of the visitor center.

6. CONCLUSION

What we would like to expect as a virtual museum modelis the dynamic simulation. Especially for electromagnetic
phenomena such as geomagnetic reversal, we would like toexpect a visually appealing model. Such fields have not always been introduced in conventional museums and Web
content, but new development is expected due to the strong
computer power and the development of simulation tools in
the future.
The handling of spatial information using the finite element method comes to generalized, and fluid simulation
tools combined with the finite element method have also
been established. In the field of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), it is the aerodynamic design of moving objects such as aircraft, ships, automobiles, and railroad vehicles, the analysis of airflow and sea currents in map
systems, and the wind to buildings and steel towers. It is
widely used for the influence of the above, indoor airflow inventilation and air conditioning, etc.
The application of the Earth’s outer shell to electromagnetic fluids for the ”Chibanian Virtual Museum” seems to be
an issue for the future, but it is expected to be realized. Suchsimulation methods are also an interesting application fieldthat expands the possibilities of virtual museums in the future, but the key is to develop tools that are easy to understand and use.

5. DISCUSSION
This proposal is merely a starting point, but in order to activate the region, it will be necessary to propose such a roughChibanian, the geomagnetism reversal stratum facing the
Yorogawa River in Ichihara City, Chiba Prefecture has been
named as the geological age name of the Cenozoic Pleistocene
Pleistocene. Architecture and component of the virtual museum concerning to Chibanian has been planned and studied.
A systematic content management model based on UML for
virtual museums has been proposed. Development of content
which explains the geomagnetic reversal phenomenon andthe easy−to−understand introduction should be especially
important and expected in future. Personal learning and human resource development based on a long−term effort
should also be expected.

7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to thank Ms. Ayumi Ishii, the director of the Chibanian Visitor Center, for her cooperation
with the survey and for providing information.

REFERENCES[1] Toshio KAJIWARA, Kunio OHNO; “A Study to Organize
a Virtual Museum to Understand GeomagneticReverse
Stratum”, IPSJ SIG Technical Report, DC108−2（2018.3）[2] Kunio OHNO, Toshio KAJIWARA; “A Study on a VirtualMuseum to Understand Geomagnetic ReverseStratum”,
Visual/Media Computing Conference 2018（2018.6）[3]

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zysbgk7/revision/1[4]

Kunio Ohno, Ryo Suto，Shogo Ogiwara, Shigeyuki
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