Summary of the Terminal Evaluation
I. Outline of the ProjectCountry: CAMBODIA

Project title: The Project for the Improvementof the Training on Civil Matters at the Royal
School for Judges and Prosecutors of the Royal
Academy for Judicial Professions (Phase2)
Issue/Sector: Governance (Law and Cooperation scheme: Technical Cooperation
Justice)
Project
Division in charge: Law and Justice Total cost: Approx. JPY 180 million
Division, Public Policy Department(R/D): March 21st, 2008
Partner Country’s Implementing
Period of From April 1st, 2008 to March Organization:Cooperati 31st, 2012
Royal School of Judges and Prosecutors ofonRoyal Academy for Judicial Professions
Supporting Organization in Japan:
Supreme Court, Ministry of Justice, Japan
Federation of Bar Associations
Related Cooperation：
1 Background of the Project
Cambodia, which suffered from civil war for 20 years from the 1970s, positioned
reform of legal and judicial systems as one of the top priorities. Disintegration of the legal
system due to the war and significant decline in the number of intellectuals, including
legal professionals, however, made it difficult for the country to develop in this regard
under its own steam.
JICA has supported the efforts of the Cambodian government since the launch of theLegal and Judicial Development Project in 1999. The project was implemented with fullcooperation from dedicated Japanese law scholars and practitioners from related
institutions in Japan, especially the Ministry of Justice. A joint Japanese-Cambodianworking group was formed to draft the civil code and a code of civil procedure, andprovide support in enacting bills. However, some of the concepts used in the Civil Codeand Code of Civil Procedure that were drafted with support from Japan were unfamiliar
to legal professionals and officers of the Ministry of Justice. In order for the Civil Codeand Code of Civil Procedure to be adequately applied and implemented, it was necessary
to foster legal professionals who sufficiently understood these codes.
In response to a request by the Cambodian government, JICA launched The Project for
the Improvement of the Training on Civil Matters at the Royal School for Judges andProsecutors of the Royal Academy for Judicial Professions from November 2005 to March
2008. Prior to that, the Cambodian government decided to establish the Royal School for
Judges and Prosecutors in 2002. JICA supported the school in establishing the basis foreducation of civil affairs with support in formulating and revising curriculum andteaching materials, and improving the skills of trainers. To tackle the problem in terms ofa shortage of qualified legal professionals, JICA helped create a system enabling theRoyal School for Judges and Prosecutors to provide education on civil affairs under its
own steam, through the Phase 2 of the project from April 2008 until March 2012.
2 Project Overview(1) Overall Goal
Civil trials are appropriately conducted based on the Civil Code (the CC) and the Codeof Civil Procedure (the CCP)
(2) Project Purpose

Royal School for Judges and Prosecutors (RSJP) is able to implement the practicaltraining on civil matters self-reliantly.
(3) Outputs
Output 1:
School management skills and know-how on recruiting and maintaining sufficienttrainers, formulating and implementing curriculums are built up within RSJP.
Output 2:
Trainers and prospective trainers of RSJP, including those to be recruited / selected,
develop and improve skills and know-how of developing and revising teachingmaterials.
Output 3:
Continuous legal education on civil matters is conducted.
(4) Inputs
Japanese side：
Long-term Expert: 3 persons
Short-term Expert: 15 persons
Trainees received: 37 persons

Equipment: 1,040 USD
Local cost: JPY 20 million
Others: Advisory group (13 members)
Total Cost Approx. JPY 180 million

Cambodian Side： Staffing
Project Director: The President of the Royal Academy for Judicial Professions
Project Managers: The Director of the Royal School for Judges and Prosecutors
Working Groups Facilities
1. Land, building and facilities necessary for the Project
2. Office space and facilities for the Japanese experts
3. Room and space necessary for seminars and workshops
II. Evaluation Team
Members of (1) Ms. Kyoko KUWAJIMA (Leader): Director General, Industrial
Evaluation
Development and Public Policy Department, JICATeam(2) Ms. Miha ISOI (Legal Assistance): Visiting Senior Advisor(3) Mr. Mitsuyasu MATSUKAWA (Legal Profession Nurture): Lecturer andGovernment Attorney, International Cooperation Department, Researchand Training Institute, Ministry of Justice of Japan(4) Mr. Masayuki KANEDA (Evaluation Planning): Assistant Director, Lawand Justice Division, Public Policy Department, JICA
(5) Mr. Takayuki KURITA (Evaluation and Analysis): Senior Consultant,ICONS Inc.
(6)Ms. Megumi AMAKAWA (Interpreter): Japan International Cooperation
CenterPeriodof
Type of Evaluation:
21/8/2011 - 7/9/2011
Evaluation
Terminal

III. Results of Evaluation
1. Summary of Evaluation Results(1) RelevanceThe relevance of this Project is deemed to be high.
The Project is consistent with the strategy and the policy needs of the Royal
Government of Cambodia, such as those in ”the Rectangular Strategy 2004”, “the Second
Rectangular Strategy 2008, “the Strategy for Legal and Judicial Reform 2003”, and the“Plan of Action for Implementing the Strategy for Legal and Judicial Reform 2005” andthe “National Strategic Development Plan 2009-2013”. The Project is aligned with theJapan’s ODA policy and strategy such as “the Basic Policy of Assistance for Legal andJudicial System Development” of the Overseas Economic Cooperation Council in 2009,“Cambodia Country Assistance Program of 2002” of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, andJICA’s “Country Assistance Implementation Strategy for Cambodia of 2009).
Taking into consideration of the remaining scarcity of legal professionals, the Project ishighly relevant to the Cambodian needs with regards to the contribution to the enlarged
production of the qualified legal professionals with proper knowledge on the CC and theCCP.
Japan has comparative advantages in the utilization of the experiences, resources andknowledge accumulated through the cooperation for Cambodia in the past. In addition tothe Project, Japan has been carrying out the support for the draft and legislation of theCC, the CCP and relevant laws and regulations through the Legal and Judicial
Development Project (Phase 1, 2 and 3) (hereinafter referred to as “MOJ Project”).
(2) EffectivenessThe effectiveness of the Project is deemed to be high.
The approach to improve the capacity of the Prospective Trainers was effective in thesense that the graduates of RSJP who serve as judges or prosecutors are motivated toapply gained knowledge in actual court exercises and eager to reflect their practicalexperience on realistic curriculums and teaching materials. Some Prospective Trainers
have not only developed the teaching materials but also developed the capacity to givelectures at RSJP and other institutions for legal education.
The RSJP management is aware of the importance of securing sufficient number of theProspective Trainers to be able to give lectures in RSJP. The lectures on civil matters atRSJP in general have been implemented by the qualified trainers and ProspectiveTrainers.
(3) Efficiency
The efficiency of the project is deemed to be high.
The timing and quantity of the inputs from the Japanese side were appropriate asplanned. In response to the increased importance of training the Prospective Trainers,
JICA has started dispatching a Japanese judge as an additional long-term expert sinceApril 2010. This input has helped the Prospective Trainers to learn civil affairs more
effectively from the practical point of view. The combined assistance of Japanese experts,
the MOJ of Japan and Japanese Advisory Group as well as the combination of assistancemethodologies like dispatching short-term experts for implementing seminars inCambodia, JICA-Net seminars and training in Japan enabled the Project to respondproperly to the needs of the Cambodian side.
All the teaching materials and published documents were mutually shared andutilized among the Project and the other two JICA projects for legal and judicial sector
development: the ongoing MOJ Project (Phase 3) and the Legal and Judicial Cooperation
Project with the Bar Association of Kingdom of Cambodia (hereinafter referred to as“BAKC Project”) which was ended in 2010 June. Besides, inviting the MOJ officials to theseminars organized by RSJP has provided the opportunities for them to learn thepractical issues faced by the judges in applying the CC and the CCP in the courts. TheMOJ Project has also invited the Prospective Trainers to attend their seminars which
contribute to achieve deeper understanding of the CC and the CCP. These have brought
about the complementary effects.
The management of the RSJP and the Japanese experts have held regular meetings 3to 4 times a year to discuss the progress of the Project and policy of the school
management. These efforts have contributed to the efficient implementation of theProject.
(4) Impact
The impact of the Project is expected to be relatively high.
As the Prospective Trainers have acquired necessary knowledge and skills through theWorking Group activities, following impacts have been observed:
1) The Prospective Trainers have voluntarily developed the teaching manual “Manualof Demand Procedure”. Some of them have already started teaching in the Royal School ofCourt Clerk and universities. These activities are considered as spill-over effects of theProject.
2) Many judges have been asking questions to the Prospective Trainers mainly on theCCP and they have shared what they learnt on civil matters at RSJP with other judges intheir courts.. This kind of knowledge transfer is effective for the proper implementation ofthe CCP in local courts.
(5) Sustainability
Sustainability of the Project is deemed to be relatively high.
55 judges and prosecutors have been produced per year based on the five-year plan(2008-2012) of RAJP. In Cambodia, two new courts of first instance were installed
recently, and the CC will be applied in December 2011. Accordingly, much more legal
professionals will be required in the future.
The Prospective Trainers have been steadily selected and trained through the project
activities. Some of them have acquired the capacity of providing lectures, and took
initiatives in developing the manuals on civil matters. In total 40 Prospective Trainers
will contribute to the sustainability of the education of the RSJP, while playing importantroles as judges in their courts.
Issue of concern is that CLE has not been implemented since 2010, because of the lackof financial sustainability of this activity.
2. ConclusionBased on the results stated in the previous sections, it has been agreed that theachieved Project Outputs are expected to lead to the achievement of the Project purpose,with the continuous efforts by the Cambodian counterparts. Therefore the Project will beconcluded as scheduled.
3. Recommendations
Issues to be considered after the completion of the Project(1) Continuous capacity development of the Prospective Trainers
From the long-term perspectives, it is important to improve qualified Prospective
Trainers further as the core legal professionals in the future. The knowledge on the CC
will be especially necessary to be deepened in reference to the issues raised from thepractical application of the CC.
(2)Implementation of CLE

The management of the school has recognized the importance of the CLE and has
indicated their intention to implement CLE near future. It has currently implemented theneeds survey targeting on the judges and prosecutors. For better application of the CC inDecember 2011, it is recommended for RSJP to take necessary measures to implement
CLE as soon as possible.