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The 3rd UN World Conference on Disaster RiskReduction～Message from Sendai, Tohoku
UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction
Local Preparation Office of the 3rd UN World
Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction, Sendai City
Kazuyuki Numata (Section Chief of Preparation)

１ The 3rd UN World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction

Outline of the Conference
・Organizer:

United Nations

・Objectives: To review the progress of the Hyogo
Framework for Action (HFA), to further
implement the HFA, and to develop the next strategy.

All UN member states, international organizations, andNGOs will participate!
193 countries and regions, over 5000 participants(Main conference)VideoMessage※2005 Conference in Kobe City
3

Expectations Towards Japan and Sendai

All 3 conferences
held in Japan
1995
Great HanshinAwaji Earthquake

2011

2005

Great East Japan
Earthquake

Hyogo

2015
Sendai1994
Yokohama

・Know-how on disaster risk reduction that we learned andimproved from many disaster experiences
・World’s only city with a population of 1million that has
experienced M9.0 earthquake
・Action of evacuation decided their fate. What is the lessons-learnt
from the experience that can disseminate to the world?

The international community has expectations for the experience and knowledge ofJapan and Sendai regarding disasters and DRR.
It is the area we can demonstrate our presence and leadership!
4Schedule
2015

331415SUNSAT

316MON

317

TUE

318

WED

Main Conference

UN

Inter-governmental meetings
various meetings
Opening★

Ceremony★ Closing
Ceremony

Official visit

Related Events

General Forum
Symposium and Seminar for Citizens
Exhibition

319

THU

Welcoming Events★ Welcoming Reception★ Excursion

Japanese Cultural Experience
Program for Spouses

Information Center, Hospitality
Welcoming Decorations

5２ Importance of investing continuously in Disaster Risk Reduction

Miyagi-ken-oki Earthquake（1978）
Time

June 12, 1978 5:14pm

Scale

Magnitude 7.4

DamageDestroyed brick walls
Completely destroyed 4,385 Destroyed brick walls etc.
11,740Partially destroyed 86,010

Deaths 161981

Injuries 10,119

Collapsed building

Major amendment in Building Standard Law regarding earthquake resistance standard

Major
disasterreduction
policies inSendai（1978～）・Anti-seismic enforcement of buildings built before
amendment of building standard law
・Lifeline with anti-seismic structure and its multiplexing
・Removal of brick walls with high risk of collapsing
・Improve DRR education and drills
・Wider collaboration with other cities
Drill in kindergarten

Importance of anti-seismic structure
Othersその他 121 (2%)

Beingburned

It is highly important for buildings to be earthquake-proof

焼死

In the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, 80% of the deaths
were caused by building collapse.
About 70% of the buildings constructed under the oldstandard （before 1981) were heavily damaged!
Before 1981
Old Standard

1981年以前
1981年以前

旧基準

1982年～
1982年以降

新基準

From 1982
New Standard

0%

20%
Heavy Damage

大破
大破

中破

Heavy/Moderate
Damage40%60%Moderate Damage

中破

80%

550 (10%)

Cause ofCasualties

100%

No/Slight Damage

軽微・無被害軽微・無被害

Beingcrushed

4,831
圧死 (88%)

Police White Paper, Fiscal 1995

No/Slight Damage

Source: Interim report by the survey committee of the building disaster by
the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Building and Disaster, 1995

Under the amendment of the Building Standard Law in 2000, further reinforcement of theearthquake resistant standard of wood-frame buildings was made.
For example, it became necessary to have a basic structure/foundation according tothe resistance of land. Regulation on balance of arrangement for earthquake-proof
walls was developed.

Commitments by Sendai City on earthquake proof retrofit（Under Old Standard）

PrivateBuildings
Subsidies for earthquake resistance survey:
Wood-framed houses and apartments,
condominiums
Subsidies for earthquake-proof retrofit:
Wood-framed houses and apartments

City-owned
Buildings

An elementary school that went under
additional earthquake-proof work

・City’s elementary, junior and senior high schools, special schools for the handicapped, etc. （1,119in total） were 100％earthquake-proof before the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.
・There were no injuries among students due to building collapse by the 2011 disaster.
・As well as to protect children’s lives, earthquake resistant structure for schools is important toenable schools to function as evacuation center.

・Earthquake resistance surveys for non-school buildings owned by the city were also conducted.
・If the building did not meet the new earthquake resistant standard, the city decided either to carry out retrofit
work, reconstruct, or shutdown the property.
・There were no cases of termination of administrative functions due to building collapse of city-owned buildings
by the 2011 disaster.

Enforcement of Urban Infrastructure
Enforcement of urban infrastructure beforehand
was the key to success.
DRR measures were implemented to some extent,
based on the lessons learned from the Miyagiken-oki Earthquake (1978).

Gas
・Service to 310,000 households was stopped.
Recovered completely 37 days after the disaster・No damages to polyethylene gas pipes, highly
resistant to earthquakes

Polyethylene gas pipes had no damages

Waterworks
・Water supply: service to 23,000 households was stopped.
Recovered in 18 days
・Sewerage: No damages to earthquake resistant facilities(Huge damage by the tsunami)

Brick walls
・Subsidies for removal and switching to hedges
・No casualties due to destroyed brick walls. There are still
many remaining, a future issue.

Water supply recovered in 18days

Investment in developing disaster-proof urban
infrastructure can be highly effective and valuable.
10２３３ Importance of preparation for response procedures underemergencies including needs assessment

Disposal of Disaster Waste
Volume of rubble in Sendai city

approx.１,３５ million tons

Dec. 2011 Removal was completed.
Sep. 2013 Incineration was completed.
Mar. 2014 Disposal was completed.
（including restoration of rubble storage site）（4 year’s worth of disposal）

Aim : to recycle over 50 % of total rubble
As of Mar. 2014

recycling rate ; 72％

Total disposal volume １,３７ million tons

Sendai Method（disposal inside the city）
Affected siteburnablenon-burnable roughly
recyclable
separated（temporary incinerator）（damaged vehicles）（home electric appliances）（metal）

rubble storage site
Three storage sites in the eastern coastal area（total １００ｈａ）
and temporary disposal facilities were made.
Rubbles were separated into over 10 types such as concrete,home appliances, wood, etc.

12Disposal of Disaster Waste（２）Complete Stop in Waste
DisposalMar. １１Mar. １２Mar. １３Mar. １４Mar. １５Mar. ２４Mar. ２８Mar. ３０

Human waste disposal facilities were fully destroyed due to tsunami
All waste incineration plants made emergency stops and were damaged due to vibration from theearthquake
Collection of human waste from temporary toilets at evacuation centers began
Garbage collection at evacuation centers began
Plants resumed operation
Temporary waste storage sites where citizens bring in disaster waste by themselves opened (5 in the city)
Collection of household garbage and human waste resumed
Collection of wet household goods etc. in areas affected by the tsunami began
Temporary recovery of human waste disposal site
Rubble storage site made available to pubic
Removal of disaster waste in areas affected by the tsunami began

Environmental-friendlyMeasures・Asbestos・・・Monitoring at all areas within the city. Scattering asbestos waste from pulling down
damaged houses removed and sealed on the spot, taken directly to final disposal site, then buried.
・Soil Contamination・・・Asphalt paving and anti-leak sheet lining at rubble storage sites

・Dioxins・・・Same level of exhaust control facilities as existing waste disposal plants

Disaster Waste Handling SystemFeb. 2007 Sendai City developed a disaster waste management plan
To prepare for the next Miyagi-ken-oki earthquake, estimation method for the amount ofdisaster waste and the dimensions of temporary storage sites, as well as sorting categories
and handling system of disaster waste was developed
March 11, 2011 The Great East Japan Earthquake
Based on damage assessment, discussion on the disaster waste
handling system began
Mar. 31, 2011
According to the management plan, the volume of waste was estimated based on thesurvey of damage
Apr. 1, 2011 Disaster waste handling policy was decided
For prompt handling, it’s necessary to capture the extent of the damage and take necessary
actions precisely and quickly
Therefore, it is efficient to prepare the procedure of needs assessment after a disaster
beforehandCooperation with local companies
Sendai Construction
Industry Association

Sendai City
Supervision・Discussion・Report

Agreement fordisaster response
prior to March 11

Miyagi Demolition Contractors
Association
Miyagi Industrial Waste
Association

Contract

Construction control
Supervision・Report
Membercompanies
Business with local companies ⇒ local rehabilitations lead to local economic recovery
Cooperation in normal periods ⇒ quick response in the event of a disaster