Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

UZBEK-JAPAN SYMPOSIUM
ON ECOTECHNOLOGIESInnovation for Sustainability-Harmonizing Science, Technology andEconomic Development with Human and Natural Environment

Tashkent, May 14, 20162

Contents

For Publication

1

Profile of Participants

3

Opening Remarks

21

Dr. Shavkat SALIKHOV
H.E. Fumihiko KATO
Ms. Yoriko KAWAGUCHIIntroductory Session

31

Mr. Hiroto ISHIDA
Mr. Nobuhiko SHIMA

Keynote Speech

41

Dr. Odilkhuja PARPIEV
Mr. Akira KOJIMA

Session 1

Technological Evolution and Legal Aspects for Economic Development
and Environmental Protection/Restoration

55

Ms. Yoriko KAWAGUCHI
Mr. Boriy ALIKHANOV
Dr. Akira GOTO
Dr. Abdulhashim TURGUNOV

Session 2

79

Success Stories in Sphere of Ecotechnology Practice

Mr. Alisher ALIMBAEV
Dr. Shinichiro OHGAKI
Dr. Anvar ANARBAEV
Mr. Kunio NAKAJIMA

Session 3

105

Future of Advanced Environment Technology(Future infrastructure with introduction of technological innovation)

Dr. Sirojiddin MIRZAEV
Dr. Hirohisa UCHIDA
Dr. Sharafitdin MIRZAAKHMEDOV
Mr. Takashi MORIYA

Wrap-Up Session

135

Toward Harmonization of Science, Technology, and Economic
Development with Human and Natural Environment in Uzbekistan

Dr. Odilkhuja PARPIEV

Closing Remarks
Dr. Taizo YAKUSHIJI

139

For Publication
The present report is an account of the remarks and speeches from the international symposium
entitled “Innovation for Sustainability—Harmonizing science, technology and economic
development with human and natural environment” held on May 14th 2016 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
The symposium was jointly organized by Committee for Coordination of Science and Technology
Development (CCSTD) under the Cabinet of Ministers of Uzbekistan and Honda Foundation.
Established in 2006, CCSTD has the major objectives of contributing to science and technology
development in Uzbekistan through various activities, including establishing priority areas ofscience and technology development; coordinating activities of research institutes and agencies,
universities of ministries and the Academy of Sciences; developing international scientific andtechnical cooperation and so on.
The goal of the symposium was to discuss how we should promote innovation to support
sustainable development of science and technology in harmony with the human and naturalenvironment, focusing on the lessons of Japan in its rapid economic development period andbeyond. Speakers with varied expertise from diverse fields including academia, research institutes
and industry and governmental organizations provided insightful observations and opinions,to an audience of widely varying backgrounds. The symposium started with an overview of theJapanese experience in the period of rapid economic growth and the current status of science andtechnology development in Uzbekistan, provided by the keynote speeches. Following was the firstsession which reviewed the legal framework and social system required for promoting economic
development and environmental protection or restoration. Then the second session discussed
success stories in the sphere of ecotechnology, looking at examples both in Japan and Uzbekistan.
The third session looked into the future of advanced environmental technologies, with a focus on
introduction of technological innovation including infrastructural changes. And, finally, the lastsession wrapped-up the entire program, discussing how to harmonize the science, technology andeconomic development with the human and natural environment.
This was our first symposium in Central Asia. We hope this activity had made some contribution
to sharing the value of ecotechnology among the participants and strengthening the relationshipbetween the region and Japan in the field of science and technology.
At Honda Foundation, its founding prospectus states that our mission is to contribute to “creating
a truly humane civilization.” It is our strong hope that the discussions and friendships cultivatedthrough this symposium will contribute to the realization of a truly humane society in the future.

Masataka YAMAMOTOManaging Director, Honda Foundation

Profile of ParticipantsUzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants*The information is at the time of the Symposium unless otherwise noted.

Dr. Shavkat SALIKHOVPresident, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan,
Chairman of Committee for Coordination of Science and Technology Development

Dr. Shavkat Salikhov is an Academician of Uzbekistan.
In 2006 he was elected as the President of Academy of Sciences in Uzbekistan for the first time; in 2011 he was reelected
as the President. He is at the same time the Chairman of the Committee for Coordination of Science and Technologies
Development under the Cabinet Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Work experience
1967–1971- Lab researcher of Tashkent State University
1971–1973- Junior researcher of Tashkent State University
1973–1981 - Senior researcher of Academy of Sciences
1981–1993 - Head of Lab Department of Academy of Sciences
1993–2006 - Director of Bioorganic Chemist Institute2006–2011 - President of Academy of Sciences
2006–now - Chairman of the Committee for Coordination of Science and Technologies Development
under the Cabinet Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan
2011–now- President of Academy of Sciences
State awards:
1998 “Respected Scientist” Honorable award
2008 “Respected by the people and the Homeland” Honorable medal
2014 “For honorable labour” Honorable medal

H.E. Fumihiko KATO
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to
the Republic of Uzbekistan

NATIONALITY: Japanese
EDUCATION: 1976, Graduated from The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Economics; 1983, Stanford University
PROFESSIONAL CAREER:
Apr 1976 Joined Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)
Jun 1988 Deputy Director of General Coordination Division, Japan Patent Office, MITI
Sep 1989 Deputy Director of General Coordination Division, Small and Medium Enterprise Agency, MITI
Jun 1990 Director, Financial Affairs Office, EID/MITI (External Trade Insurance Division)
May 1991 Chief Representative, EID, Paris Office, Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO)Jul 1994 Director for Diet Relations, MITI
Jun 1995 Director, Petroleum Distribution Division, Petroleum Department, Agency of Natural Resources and Energy, MITI
Jul 1997 Director, EID, MITIJan 2001 Director, Policy Planning Division, Small and Medium Enterprise Agency, METI
Jul 2002 Director-General, Planning Department, JETROJul 2004 Counselor, Cabinet Office of Japanese Government
Jul 2006 Senior Director, Nippon Export and Investment Insurance (NEXI)Oct 2006 Director-General for Small and Medium Enterprise Policy, Small and Medium Enterprise Agency, METI
Jul 2007 Vice-Chairman, NEXI
Feb 2013 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to the Republic of Uzbekistan

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Ms. Yoriko KAWAGUCHIFormer Foreign/Environment Minister of Japan,
Professor of Meiji Institute for Global Affairs, Meiji University

Prof. Yoriko Kawaguchi is a former Member of the House of Councilors for the Liberal Democratic Party from 2005 to 2013.
She was Special Adviser to the Prime Minister of Japan on foreign affairs from 2004 to 2005; Minister for Foreign Affairs
from 2002 to 2004 and Minister of the Environment from 2000 to 2002. She also served as Co-chair of the International
Commission on Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament from 2008 to 2010; Prior to this, Prof. Kawaguchi was aManaging Director of Suntory, Ltd., Director General of Global Environmental Affairs at the Ministry of International Tradeand Industry, and Minister at the Embassy of Japan to the United States. Prof. Kawaguchi holds an M.Phil. in Economics fromYale University and a B.A. in International Relations from The University of Tokyo. Recently she holds a professorship at Meiji
Institute for Global Affairs.
[Recent Activities]• Member of the Board of Trustees, International Crisis Group• Distinguished Fellow, Asia Society Policy Institute• Member, the Asia Pacific Leadership Network• Commissioner, Policy Commission on Asia-Pacific Regional Architecture• Member of the Board of Trustees, United States-Japan Foundation• Executive Adviser, the Sasakawa Peace Foundation• Commissioner, the Great Britain Sasakawa Foundation• Distinguished Fellow, Tokyo Foundation• Member of the Board of Trustees, the Toshiba International Foundation• Outside Director, Toyota Tsusho Corporation• Outside Director, Japan Petroleum Exploration Co., Ltd.
[Honors & Awards]• Anniversary Medal for a major contribution to global security promotion and non-proliferation regime by
K. Kadyrzhanov, Director General, Notional Nuclear Center (Oct. 2011)• “Wilbur Cross Medal” by Yale University (Oct. 2008)• Award “Star of Jerusalem” by Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian National Authority, (Oct. 2010)• Anniversary Medal by Foreign Policy Associate (Sept. 2005)• Certificate of Doctor Honoris Causa by the authority of the Academic Council of the National University of Mongolia(Sept. 2004)• “GRAN CRUZ EXTRAORDINARIA” (National testimonial Medal) by The Republic of Paraguay (Mar. 2004)• “Aguila Azteca Medal” by Vicente Fox, President of the United Mexican States (Dec. 2003)• Anniversary Medal for established in honor 300 anniversary of Sankt-Peterburg by mayor of Sankt-Peterburg

Mr. Hiroto ISHIDA
President, Honda Foundation

Born: Sept. 16, 1941, Tokyo, Japan
Education:
1970
Mar. 1964
Mar. 1960

M.A. in Political Science at the University of Illinois
Faculty of Engineering, Department of Nuclear Engineering, The University of Tokyo (Univ. Tokyo)
Kanazawa University High School5

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Works:
Apr. 2010
President Emeritus of Kanazawa Gakuin University
Jul. 2005
General Manager of National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation
Apr. 2004
President of Kanazawa Gakuin University
Apr. 2003
Visiting Professor, Institute of Industrial Science, Univ. Tokyo
Nov. 1999–Feb. 2003 Ambassador of Japan to the Czech Republic
Jun. 1995–Jun. 1998 Vice Minister of Science & Technology Agency (STA)
Jul. 1994
Science Councilor, STA
Jun. 1991
Director General of the Nuclear Energy Bureau, STA
Jan. 1982–Apr. 1985 Counselor (Science), Embassy of Japan to the USA
Apr. 1964		
Join STA
Public Services:- President (2011), Director (2006) of Honda Foundation- Chairman, Nuclear Safety Technology Center- President, Maeda Ikutoku Foundation- Chair of Association for Traditional Performing Arts of Japan- Member of Management Council, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
Research Areas:
Science and Technology Policy, Nuclear Engineering
Books:- Komatsu Children’s Kabuki ‘Meitouishikiri Hotokanoonmae’ (2007, Jishosha Shinsho)- From the Streets of Prague and Kanazawa (2008, Jishosha Shinsho)- New Nabucco Story from Opera (2016, Hokkoku Shimbun)

Mr. Nobuhiko SHIMA
Chairman, Japan-Uzbekistan Association

1967
1971
1981
1983
1987
Until 1997
Until 2005
Until 2015
Current

After graduating from the Keio University Faculty of Economics, entered Mainichi Newspapers.
Department of Economic, Mainichi Newspapers. Correspondent team for the Lockheed bribery scandal.
A special correspondent in Washington, D.C. Reported international conference (ex. Summit, IMF, etc.).
Chosen as the city of Flint, Michigan, U.S.A. of first honorary citizen.
Resign from Mainichi Newspapers. Become freelance journalist.
Regular commentator on “BROAD CASTER” (TBS) for 7 years.
Regular commentator on “ASAZUBA” (TBS).
Host for “GLOBAL NAVI FRONT” (BS-TBS) for 15 years.
Regular commentator on “BIZ STREET” (BS-TBS).
Regular interviewer on “The Interview” (BS-Asahi).
Host for “Nobuhiko Shima Jinsei Hyakkei” (TBS Radio).
Regular commentator on “Takero Morimoto Stand-by” (TBS Radio).
Serialization: “Zaikai (magazine),” “Denki Shinbun (newspaper),” “Japan In-depth (web).”
Director of the Society for Testing News Proficiency.
Chairman of the Japan-Uzbekistan Association.
Over 30 times reported summit.

Official position				

Board of Audit of Japan “Audit committee”
Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications“Study Group on strengthening international information dissemination,” etc.

Official Site

http://www.nobuhiko-shima.com/ (Japanese Only)

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Bibliography“Nihonhei horyo ha Silk Road ni opera house wo tateta” (Kadokawa)“Nihonjin no Kakugo - seijyuku keizai wo koeru” (Jitsugyo no Nihon Sha)
“Shuno gaiko - sennsihnnkoku summit no rimennshi” (Bungeishunju)“Shima Nobuhiko no ippitsu nyukonn” (ZAIKAI)“Nihon no sekaishouhin ryoku” (Shueisha) and more

Invited presentations
In 2012, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of establishing diplomatic relations between Japan andUzbekistan, Shima was asked to give lectures in Tashkent (November 26, 2012) and Samarkand (November 24,2012) on the theme of “Japan’s Third Crisis,” in which he described the path taken by Japan after the Great East
Japan Earthquake.

Dr. Odilkhuja PARPIEV
Executive Director, Committee for Coordination of Science and Technology Development

He is currently working as the Executive Director (Vice-Chairman) of the Committee for Coordination of Science andTechnology Development under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
He was a student of the Tashkent State University, Uzbekistan on the Physics Faculty (1983–1990).
Professional experience
Date from–Date to

Sept.
2010–
present

Sept.
2006–
Sept.
2010

Apr.
2002–
Aug.
2006

LOCATIONCOMPANY

Tashkent

Committee for Coordinationof Science and Technology
Development under the Cabinetof Ministers of the Republic of
Uzbekistan

Tashkent

Science and Technologies
Center under Coordinating
Council for Science andTechnological Development
under the Cabinet of Ministers of
the Republic of Uzbekistan

Tashkent

Science and Technologies
Center under Coordinating
Council for Science andTechnological Development
under the Cabinet of Ministers of
the Republic of Uzbekistan

7

POSITIONDESCRIPTION

Executive
Director

S&T policy and management including
Innovation activity. Coordinating andmonitoring of performance of thestate S&T and Innovation programs.
Coordinate International S&T cooperation.
Coordinating of activi-ty of the territorial
centers for Innovation activity andTechnology transfer. Analyze S&T
information. Development of S&T
Information network. Select and organizing
S&T Information Flows for Business.

Head of
Department

Innovation policy and management.
The organization and realization ofcompetitions of innovation projects.
Development of new technologies in theindustry. Monitoring of performance of thestate innovation programs. Financing andcoordination of scientific development in
the field of aviation technologies.

Head of
Department

Innovation policy and management.
The organization and realization ofcompetitions of innovation projects.
Development of new technologies in theindustry. Monitoring of performance of thestate innovation programs. Financing andcoordination of scientific development in
the field of aviation technologies.

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Date from–Date to

LOCATIONCOMPANYPOSITION

Aug.
1998–
Apr.
2002

Tashkent

State Committee of the Republicof Uzbekistan for Science andTechnology

Head of
Department

Innovation policy and management.
Formation and realization of the state
innovation programs.

Jan.
1998–
Aug.
1998

Tashkent

Uzbek-Indian Center for
Promotion of S&T Cooperation

DeputyDirector

Scientific collaboration with India,
foreign institutions and internationalorganizations in the sphere of R&D.

Jan.
1990–
Dec.
1997

Tashkent

Researcher

Conducting research on specific fields.

DESCRIPTIONHeat Physics Department of
Uzbek Academy of Science,
Uzbekistan

Mr. Akira KOJIMA
Director, Honda Foundation
Advisor of Japan Center for Economic Research

Trustee and visiting Professor of GRIPS (National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies) andAdvisor of JCER (Japan Center for Economic Research)
Year of Birth: 1942
Place of Birth: Yokohama, Japan
Education: 1965, Graduated from Waseda University (Econs)
1969–70, British Council Scholar at Manchester University (UK)
Other Present Positions and Activity:
Member of the Trilateral Commission
Member of the Board of Trustees of Japan Productivity Center
Chairman of WTC (World Trade Center) Tokyo
Vice Chairman of Japan-German Center (Berlin)
Councilor of Aspen Institute, Japan
Director of Honda Foundation (Chairman of International Committee)
Councilor of IIMA (Institute for International Monetary Affairs)
Director of IIPS (Institute for International Policy Studies)
Member of the Advisory Committee of JETRO (Japan External Trade Organization)
Visiting Professor of Ritsumeikan University (Graduate School of Management)
Professional Experiences:
1997–2000 Chief Editorialist and Senior Managing Director of NIKKEI (The Nihon Keizai Shimbun Newspaper)
1999–2008 Professor of Keio University (Graduate School of Department of Commerce)
2004–2008 Chairman of JCER (Japan Center for Economic Research)
2004–2007 Professor of Harbin Institute of Technology (China)
2002–2007 Advisory Committee member of Graduate School of Public Policy of Tokyo University (GRaSPP)
Publications:
A New Development Model for Japan: Selected Essays 2000–2008 (The Japan Journal Press, 2008)
Choices for Japan (NTT Press, 2008, Chinese language edition was published in 2010)
January 20168

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Mr. Tateo ARIMOTO
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS)
Principal Fellow, Center for Research and Development Strategy (CRDS) at Japan Science andTechnology Agency (JST)

Tateo Arimoto is currently Professor at the National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) and also Principal Fellow,
Center for Research and Development Strategy (CRDS) at Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST).
He previously served as Deputy Director-General (Science and Technology Policy) at the Cabinet Office and Executive
Research Fellow in the Economic and Social Research Institute of the Cabinet office. He also held the position of Director
General of Science & Technology Policy Bureau of the Ministry of Education and Science, Government of Japan.
He has played an active role in public policy making and implementation in the area of science, technology and innovationin Japan. In his current roles, Mr. Arimoto is a major promoter of science and innovation policy in Japan and is overseeing
ambitious efforts to foster innovation to address socio-economic challenges with multidisciplinary approach. He has been a
co-chair person of the OECD study project on scientific advice.
He has published several books and numerous papers in quality journals and given many invited lectures/seminars on
science, technology and innovation in national and international conferences such as OECD, APEC, EU, WSF, STS Forumand AAAS: “Science and Technology Policy” (by T. Arimoto, in Have Japanese Firms Changed, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011),“Rebuilding Public Trust in Science for Policy Making” (by T. Arimoto and Y. Sato, Science, vol. 337, pp. 1176–1177, 2012),“Crisis, renewal and the prospects for science advice in Japan” (by T. Arimoto and Y. Sato, The Guardian, 28 August 2014).
“UNESCO Science Report—Towards 2030,” Japan Chapter (by Y. Sato, and T. Arimoto, November 2015).

Mr. Boriy ALIKHANOV
Deputy Speaker—Chairman of the Deputy Group of the Ecological Movement
Chairman of the Committee on Ecology and Environment Protection of the Legislative Chamber

Boriy Alikhanov was educated at Tashkent Polytechnical Institute on the specialty of Mechanical Engineering and Master of
Public Administration, and entered State Academy and Public Construction at the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in
1996. He speaks fluently Russian and English languages.
He was Master, Senior master of skilled and mechanical plant of Tekhnolog, Scientific and Production Association (1983–
1988). He worked as a Deputy Chief, Acting Chief and Head of the Department of the Design-technology enterprise formechanization and automation of Tekhnolog Scientific and Production Association (1988). He was selected as the First
category expert, chief specialist of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on environment conservation(1988–1990). He was appointed as Vice-chairman, first Deputy Chairman of the Tashkent city committee on environment
conservation (1990–1993) and during 1993–1999 he worked as a Head of Department of Scientific and Technical Progress
and Promotion, Head of Department of Economy and Organization of Environmental Management of the State Committeeof the Republic of Uzbekistan for Nature Protection. He was appointed as the Advisor, the leading Advisor of National
Security Council at the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan (1996–2001). He was elected as the First Deputy Chairman,
Chairman of the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Nature Protection (2001–2005). He has been working as a
Deputy Speaker, Head of Deputy Group Ecoactivity, Chairman of the Committee of Legislative Chamber of the Parliament of
the Republic of Uzbekistan on environmental issues and environmental protections since 2010.

9Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Dr. Akira GOTO
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor Emeritus of The University of Tokyo

Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo
Former Commissioner, Japan Fair Trade Commission of the Government of Japan,
Director, Honda Foundation
Professor Goto’s expertise covers economics of competition policy and economics of innovation. His major works include“Business Groups in a Market Economy,” European Economic Review, Vol. 19, No. 1, September 1982, “R&D Capital, Rate of
Return on R&D Investment and Spillover of R&D in Japanese Manufacturing Industries,” Review of Economics and Statistics,
Vol. 71, No. 4, 1989, (with Kazuyuki Suzuki), Competition Policy in a Global Economy, (ed. with W. Comanor and L. Waverman),Routledge, 1996, Innovation in Japan, (ed. with H. Odagiri), Oxford University Press, 1997, “Japan’s National Innovation
System: Current Status and Problems,” Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Vol. 16, No. 2, Summer 2000, “Construction of aJapanese Patent Database and a first look at Japanese patenting activities” (with Kazuyuki Motohashi), Research Policy, Vol.
36, Issue 9, 2007, and “Innovation and Competition Policy,” Japanese Economic Review Vol. 60, No. 1 March 2009, “Patentstatistics as innovation indicators” with Sadao Nagaoka and Kazuyuki Motohashi, in Handbook of Economics of Innovation(eds.) Bronwyn Hall and Nathan Rosenberg.
He was commended by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry and Minister of Education. He received the Order of the
Sacred Treasure.
April, 2016

Dr. Abdulhashim TURGUNOV
Project Manager, “ATMOSPHERE” Scientific Research Institute

Abdulhashim Turgunov is a Doctor of Technical Sciences. He was chosen as a student in Andijan Cotton Breeding Institute,faculty of Mechanization in 1990 on the specialty of Farm mechanization. He has got his Master’s diploma in Central Asian
Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of agriculture. He is an inventor and made 6 inventions, wrote 8 scientificarticles. He speaks Russian, English, German languages.
He was a student at the Andijan Institute of the Cotton breeding (1983–1990). Specialty is “Mechanization of agriculture.”
He researched at the Central Asian Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of rural farms (1990–1998). He finished
Graduate study (1992–1995). He worked as a Deputy Director in the Company RAP, Ltd (1999–2002). He worked in OSCPAXTAGIN KB. Deputy Director on General Issues, Chief Constructor (2003–2006). The consultant on Mechanized works in
OSYO MAXSUS TEXSANOAT, Ltd (2006–2009).
He was the senior researcher at the “Atmosphere” Scientific Research Institute, State Committee of the Republic of
Uzbekistan for Nature Protection (2009–2015).
Project Manager at the “Atmosphere” Scientific Research Institute (2015–currently).

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Mr. Alisher ALIMBAEV
Coordinator of Component “Development of Energy Efficiency (EE) Capacity”
Project Coordination Unit (PCU) under Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan

EDUCATION:
09/2002–05/2006
09/1994–06/1999

Tashkent State Economic University, B.A. Diploma, Economist
Tashkent State Technical University named by A. R. Beruniy, Engineer of electrical supply

WORK EXPRIENCES:
05/2012– present Coordinator of Component “Development of Energy Efficiency (EE) Capacity”
		Project Coordination Unit (PCU) under Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan		
Project “Energy Efficiency Facility for Industry Enterprises” (UZEEF) with the participation of IDA 				(International Development Association)
The total and daily coordination of the project on capacity building on energy efficiency, including thecoordination of training sessions on energy efficiency, evaluation and monitoring of energy savings, etc.
Organization of short-term training for PCU, depending on needs, in areas such as planning and developmentof organizational skills, English language training, organization of procurement by the rules of the World Bank,as well as on procedures for the development of World Bank loans, and other matters as required.
06/2009–05/2012 Junior researcher/Senior researcher of the project of structural reformation and diversification of 				
economy, attraction of investments
		Institute of Forecasting and Macroeconomic Researches under Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of		Uzbekistan
Research of problems in electro power branch at a macroeconomic level. In particular, questions ofmodernization of branch, optimum decisions of financing for realization of the above-stated purposes,
to familiarize with directions on increase energy efficiency and developments of alternative energy
sources in other countries Entering of offers and recommendations under the decision of problems indevelopment of electro power branch.
10/2008–06/2009
		

Chief Marketing specialist
Subsidiary enterprise “Komplekt energy”
The study of measures to improve calculation of electrical energy with consumers. Analysis of the stateof consumption and sale of electricity to consumers. Submission of proposals and recommendations toimprove the level of income from consumers and to reduce of electricity losses.

05/2006–10/2008
		

Deputy chief“Energosotish” branch of Joint Stock Company “Uzbekenergo”
Realization of purchase at stations of electric energy, its transportation to regions, sale to the regional
enterprises of electric networks.
Besides the organization of work on realization of monitoring of work of the regional enterprisesof electric networks on consumption of electric energy by consumers, the analysis of calculations
with consumers, to studying of measures on decrease of losses of electric energy. Perfection anddevelopment of the normative documents concerning using of electric energy.

10/2004–05/2006
				

Deputy chief of department
Department of Energy selling analysis and its accounting monitoring, “Energosotish” branch of
Joint Stock Company “Uzbekenergo”
The organization of work on carrying out of the analysis of a condition of sale of electric energy toconsumers as a whole on republic and in the regions. Development of offers and recommendations on
perfection of calculations with consumers in regions.

11Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

08/1999–09/2001

Engineer of first category
Energy marketing department of “Uzenergonadzor” production enterprise (Power energy Ministry)
The analysis of a condition of consumption and sale of electric energy to consumers on separate
regions of republic, rendering of assistance in elimination of lacks regarding sale of electric energy withdeparture regions.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
Certificate of JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) (Training course “Management of ElectricCompany,” February 2014)
Certificate of JVI (Join Vienna Institute) Training course sponsored by IMF (International Monetary Fund
(Course “Macroeconomic Management and Natural Resource Management,” April 2012)
Certificate of JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) (Training course “Energy Policy,” June2011)
09/2010–12/2012

National consultant of the project “Welfare Improvement Strategy 2012-2014” (WIS-2) Thematic Working
Group No. 5, “Intensification of the Development of Production and Communal Infrastructure”

06/2011–12/2011

Local Consultant KSP (Knowledge Sharing Program) between Uzbekistan and South Korea. Topic:“Creation and promotion of regional innovation system in Uzbekistan”

Dr. Shinichiro OHGAKI
President, Japan Water Research Center
Professor Emeritus of The University of Tokyo

1947:
1969:
1974:
1974–1976:
1977–1982:
1983–1985:

Born in Tokyo, Japan
Bachelor from The University of Tokyo (UT), School of Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
PhD in the field of environmental engineering from UT
Research Assistant of School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Associate Professor of Department of Urban Engineering, UT
Associate Professor of Environmental Engineering Division, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), 		
Bangkok, Thailand
1986–1988:
Associate Professor of Department of Urban Engineering, UT
1989–2008:
Professor of Department of Urban Engineering, UT
2009–2012:
President of National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Tsukuba, Japan
2013–present: President of Japan Water Research Center (JWRC), Tokyo, JapanHe directed and managed the School of Engineering, UT, as a dean from 2002 to 2004. He served also as the vice-president
to Science Council of Japan (SCJ) two times from 2005 to 2006 and from 2008 to 2011.
He was one of the Vice Presidents of International Water Association (IWA) from 2006 to 2008, and received
IWA-Outstanding Service Award 2012.
He directs currently a Japan’s Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology (CREST) Program related tosustainable water use under support of Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) as the Research Supervisor from 2009
to present.
(as of 2016/02/29)

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Dr. Anvar ANARBAEV
Chief of Laboratory, Institute of Energy and Automatization Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan

Name of Firm: Institute of Power Engineering and Automation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Education:
Ph.D.
1997 Institute of Power Engineering and Automation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Energy engineer 1988 Graduated from Tashkent Institute of Engineers of Irrigation and Mechanizationof Agriculture
Membership of Professional Associations:
Member of working commission on low carbon development of Uzbekistan
Other Training:
Programming on computers by ICAAP, 8 January–23 March of 1996, New Delhi, India
Energy Management by JICA (Japan), 4–17 June of 2002, Ankara, Turkey
Forming policy in field of power engineering by JICA (Japan), 23 June–13 July of 2013, Tokyo, Japan
Employment Record:Term:
1998–p.t.
Employer:
Institute of Power Engineering and Automation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Positions held:Senior research employee
Term:
Employer:
Positions held:

1996–1998
Institute of Power Engineering and Automation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Research employee

Term:
Employer:
Position Held:

1993–1995
Institute of Power Engineering and Automation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Post graduator

Term:
Employer:
Positions held:

1991–1992
Institute of Power Engineering and Automation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Junior research employee

Term:
Employer:
Positions held:

1989–1990
Institute of Power Engineering and Automation, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Engineer

Term:
Employer:
Position Held:

1983–1988
Institute of Engineers of Irrigation and Mechanization of Agriculture, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Student

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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Mr. Kunio NAKAJIMA
Vice President, Honda Foundation
Adviser of Japan Bioindustry Association

Year of Birth: 1941
Education
1965 B.S. Department of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology
1968 Tokyo Institute of Technology, Master Course
Experienced Positions:
1968–1999
Director-General for Technology Policy Coordination, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
1999–2000
Managing Director, Japan Chemical Innovation and Inspection Institute2000–2004
Professor, Tokyo Institute of Technology
2004–2007
Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies
2007–2012
President, Japan Chemical Innovation and Inspection Institute2011–Present Adviser, Japan Bioindustry Association
2012–Present Adviser, Japan Chemical Innovation and Inspection InstituteResearch Areas
Policy for Industrial Technology
As of February 29, 2016

Dr. Kazuko MATSUMOTO
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Senior Director, R&D, Vision Development Co., Ltd.

Birth Date
Affiliation

October 27, 1949
Vision Development Co., Ltd.
Senior Director, R&D

Education
B.S., Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo 1972
M.S., Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo 1974
Ph.D., Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo 1977
Academic Career
Visiting Scholar, Sophia University, Japan, 2013–present
Professor, Department of Chemistry, Waseda University, Japan, 1989–2006
Associate Professor, Department of Chemistry, Waseda University, Japan, 1984–1989
Research Associate, Department of Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Japan, 1977–1984
IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) Vice President, 2006
Visiting Professor, Institute for Molecular Science, Japan, 1990–1992
Visiting Scholar, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA, 1993
Adjunct Professor, Institute of Molecular Science, Japan, 1998–2001
Invited Professor, Department of Chemistry, Nagoya University, Japan, 2004–2006
Visiting Professor at more than 10 national universities and Governmental Research Institute of Japan

14

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Japanese Government Members and Advisors
The Member of The Council of Science and Technology Policy (Cabinet Office of Japanese Government), 2002–2005
In addition, advisory members of several meetings for Ministries of Industry and Science.
Career in Industry
Technical Advisor, Tokyo Chemical Industry, Co., Ltd. 2007–2010
Senior Director, Vision Development. Co., Ltd. 2011–present
Members of Foundations
Director, Honda foundation, 2012-present
Director, Japan-Turkmenistan Association for Science & Technology Cooperation 2014–present
HonorsJapan Society for Analytical Chemistry Award for Young Researchers, 1984
Japan Chemical Society Division Award, 1990
Ichimura Award, 2000
Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry Award, 2005
Members of Academic Societies
Japan Chemical Society
American Chemical Society
Royal Chemistry Society
Japan Analytical Chemistry Society
Society for Japan Coordination Chemistry
Japan Rare Earth Society
Advisory Board Members for International Scientific Journals
Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2000–2006
European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2000–2006
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2002–2006
Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2001–2006
Inorganic Chimica Acta, 2000–2010
Research Interests
Inorganic Chemistry, Metal Coordination Chemistry, Material Science (Nanodiamond), Biotechnology and Imaging Using
Lanthanide Luminescence
1. Nanodiamond IT, Electro Devices, and Automobiles: Development of new nanocarbon materials by incorporation of
surface-modified nanodiamonds with superhardness, high refractivity, high dispersion, and low friction coefficient intopolymers, films, alloys, rubbers, and many others.
2. Luminescent Materials Composed of Nanodiamond and Lanthanide for
Bionanotechnology and Bioimaging.
3. Luminescent Lanthanide Compounds for Time-Resolved Imaging
Research Publications
More than 230 papers in major scientific journals

15

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Dr. Sirojiddin MIRZAEV
Chief of Unit, Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies

Affiliation and official address
Ion-plasma and laser technologies instituteAcademy of Sciences of Uzbekistan,33, Dormon yuli str., 100125, Tashkent
Republic of Uzbekistan
Scientific grade:
2004
Doctor of physical and mathematical sciences degree (Habilitation) at
the Heat Physics Department Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences (Uzbek AS).
1996
Ph.D. degree in physics at the Heat Physics Department Uzbek Academy of Sciences.
1990
Diploma Physicist with honours, Termez State University, Uzbekistan
Career/Employment:
2012–present Head of laboratory at the Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies
Institute, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences.
2008–2012
Leading scientist at the Heat Physics Department Uzbekistan Academy of
Sciences, head of thermal physics of multicomponent systems laboratory.
2006–2008
Alexander von Humboldt Foundation research fellowships at the Third Physics
Institute, Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany.
1998–2006
Senior scientist at the Heat Physics Department, Uzbek AS.
Group leader—phase transition in multicomponent systems.
1996–1998
Visiting researcher at the Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany.
1991–1996
Ph.D. student and junior scientist at the Heat Physics Department Uzbekistan
Academy of Sciences in the thermal physics of phase transition group.
Fields of Specialisation: Physics: thermal physics and soft condensed matter physics.
Honours, Awards, Fellowships:- Ambassador scientists Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Bonn, Germany, 2016);- “Senior scientist,” highest attestation committee of Uzbekistan (2010, Tashkent, Uzbekistan);- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation research fellowships (Bonn, Germany, 2006);- NATO scientific division research fellowships (Brussels, Belgium, 2004);- INTAS experienced postdoctoral young scientist fellowships (Brussels, Belgium,
grant No. YSF-0039, 2000);- Grant of Volkswagen foundation (Hannover, Germany, grant No. I/78276, 2001);- URSI young scientist award (1999, Toronto, Canada);- Grant of Volkswagen foundation (Hannover, Germany, 1998);- DAAD fellowships (Bonn, Germany, grant No. A/96/26274 and No. A/02/29105);- Diploma of first degree for best presentation for natural sciences at the third
colloquium at the state committee for science and technology and the highest
attestation committee of Uzbekistan (1998, Tashkent, Uzbekistan);- Diploma with honour at the institute (Termez, Uzbekistan);- Gold medal for high achievement at the secondary school (Termez Uzbekistan).

16

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Dr. Hirohisa UCHIDA
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor of Tokai University

Born in 1949, Tokyo, Japan.
EDUCATION
1) Bachelor’s degree in Applied Physics (1973), andMaster’s degree in Materials Science (1975), Tokai University, Japan
2) Doctor’s degree, Doktor rerum naturalium in Metallurgy, University of Stuttgart, Germany (Nov. 1977)
CAREER HISTORY
1) Sep. 1975–Mar. 1981: Research Assistant & Post-Doctoral Fellow
Max-Planck-Institute (MPI) for Metals Research, Stuttgart, Germany2) Apr. 1981–present: Assistant Professor (1981), Associate Professor (1984), Professor (1990)
Department of Nuclear Engineering, School of Engineering, Tokai University (TU)
3) Oct. 1990–Mar. 1994: Leader of “UCHIDA Super-Magnetic Materials Project,” Kanagawa Academy of Science & Technology(KAST), Kanagawa, Japan
4) Apr. 1997–Mar. 2003: Executive Director, Division of Research Administration (University-Industry-Government
Collaboration), TU
5) Apr. 2000–Mar. 2002: Member, University-Industry-Government Collaboration Committee of UNESCO
6) Apr. 2001–Mar. 2003: Executive Director, Future Science & Technology Joint Research Center (Promotion of R&D,
Incubation, Venture Support), TU
7) May/Nov.–Dec. 2002: Invited Guest Professor, University of Paris, Orsay, France.
8) Apr. 2003–Mar. 2009: Dean, School of Engineering, TU9) Oct. 2003–Mar. 2008: Dean, School of Information & Design, TU10) May 2006–May 2012: Member of Board of Trustees and Councilors, TU Educational System (TES)
11) Oct. 2007–Mar. 2009: Vice-Chancellor, TU
12) Apr. 2009–Mar. 2011: Executive Director, Tokai Institute of Global Education and Research (TIGER)
13) Aug. 2011–Mar. 2013: Counselor of Governor, Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan
14) Jun. 2013–present: Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Kanagawa Science Park Inc. (KSP)
MAIN RESEARCH THEMES (past and present)
Rare Earths-Hydrogen Systems / Surface Processes of Hydrogen on Metal Surfaces / Standardizations of
Measurement Methods (JIS) of Characteristics of Hydrogen Absorption of Hydrogen Storage Materials / Ni-MH Rechargeable
Battery (The first demonstration over 1000 charge-discharge cycles June 1988) / Long Operation of Solar-Hydrogen Storage
System since 1985 / Nitro-Magnet and Phase Diagram of Sm2Fe17-NSystem (The first report in the world) / Rare Earths Based
Giant-Magneto-Strictive (GMS) Thin Films (Patented) / Application of GMS Thin Films to Space Technology (NASDA Project) /Manufacturing GMSAlloys in a Micro-Gravity (NEDO Project) / Application of MH Freezer Systems to Cultivation of Hydrogen
Strawberry and Fish Breeding (METI Project) / Formation of Nano-Structured Hydrogen Storage Alloy (Patented) / New MH
with an Extremely High Energy Density (NEDO International Project with Norway) / Surface Modifications of Hydrogen
Storage Alloys by Fluorination, Alkaline, Ion Beam Irradiation (with Japan Atomic Energy Agency) / Eco-technology and
Human Security
MAIN JOB-RELATED PROJECT LEADER
The First Participation in the Le Man 24H Race as university 2009 / Tokai University Airline Pilot Training Course with
University of North Dakota, ANA, MEXT and MLIT / Asian Nuclear Personnel Training Course (MEXT, METI) / Representative ofJapan to the UNESCO University-Industry-Government Collaboration Committee / Venture Business Promotion etc
ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT & PUBLICATIONSACADEMIC PAPERS: 280 for Materials Science, Science & Technology, Education and for Human Security &Eco-Technology, Energy Policy
BOOKS, TRANSLATION & EDITORS: 18 / COLUMNS to NEWSPAPERS & JOURNALS: 181.
INVITED LECTURES: 53 of 205 presentations at international meetings.
Invited Lectures at Gordon Research Conference 1989, 1997 for Hydrogen Storage Alloys

17

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

AWARDS
The Minister of Education, Japan, for the R&D of a Solar-Vehicle (1992)
The Japan Rare Earth Society for Excellent Study on Rare Earth Metals and Intermetallics (1997)
International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE) & Scientific Committee of Hydrogen Treatment ofMaterials (HTM, Ukraine) for Excellent Scientific Achievement in the World Hydrogen Movement (1998)
IAHE & UNIDO for Excellent Scientific Achievement in Hydrogen Energy (2005, 2007), and others.
PRESENT MAIN APPOINTMENTS :1) Advisor and Chairman of Evaluation Committees, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST),and New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), Japan2) Honorary Editor, JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS (JALCOM), Elsevier
3) Editorial Board Member, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY (IJHE), Elsevier4) Vice President and Board of Director, International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE).
5) Councilor, Hydrogen Energy System Society (HESS), Japan
6) Board Member, Japan Rare Earth Society, Japan
7) Managing Board Member, HONDA Foundation (HOF), Japan
8) Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Mastumae International Foundation (MIF), Japan
9) Columnist, NIKKEI Business Daily, Japan10) International Advisor to Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Project, South Africa (HySA), South African Republic11) Chairman, Society of Advanced Science & Shonan Association for Synergy in University-IndustryGovernment Collaboration (SAS), Japan
12) Board Member, German Baden-Wuerttemberg Freundeskreis (BWF), Tokyo, Japan
13) Board Member, Japan Cultural Association
14) Executive Board Member, Asia Science Park Association (ASPA)
15) Advisor and Counsellor to Kanagawa Prefectural Committees for General Policy and Smart Energy, and others.
As of March 4, 2016

Dr. Sharafitdin MIRZAAKHMEDOV
Director of Centre for High Technologies

Education
Institution and Location
Tashkent State University, Uzbekistan
Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbekistan

Degree
M.Sc.
Ph.D.

Year
1990
1996

Field
Bioorganic Chemistry
Bioorganic Chemistry

Professional Experience
1990–1993
Engineer, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
1993–1997
Junior Research Associate, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
1997–2001
Senior Research Associate, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
2001–2003
Post Doctoral Fellowship, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
2002–2003
Visiting Research Associate, Institute of Food Research (Food Materials Division), Norwich, UK
1998–2006
Assistant Professor, National University of Uzbekistan (Department of Chemistry)
2006–now
Associate Professor, National University of Uzbekistan (Department of Chemistry)
2007–2008
Visiting Research Associate, University of Milan (DISTAM and DISMA), Milan, Italy
2008–2009
Deputy Director, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
2009		
Visiting Participant during two monthly international courses which was organised in China, Beijing and		
Shanghai by “Application of Biotechnology in Food Industry.”
2009		
Visiting Research Associate, University of Milan (DISTAM and DISMA), Milan, Italy
2010–now
Leading Research Associate, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
2012–2013
Head of Chemistry Laboratory, Experimental and Educational Centre of High Technologies, Tashkent,
		Uzbekistan
2013–now
Director, Experimental and Educational Centre of High Technologies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of ParticipantsAwards:1999
High diploma and gold medal among young scientists Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan.
Management for Foreign Grants:
1) UZ-01. STCU (Science and Technology Center in Ukraine), Title “Investigation of Functional Significant Proteins fromCottonseed and Development of Highly Effective Forage Technologies on the Basis of Cotton Oil Cake.”2) INTAS FOOD CALL 2000-0681, Title: “Evaluation of the role of plant cell wall degrading enzymes on yield and quality of oil
produced by cold pressing of low-oil-producing crops.”
3) INTAS Collaborative Call with Uzbekistan Ref. Nr 04-82-7146, Title: “Identification of new inhibitors of HCV and HIV-1
replication.”
4) INTAS Collaborative Call with Uzbekistan Ref. Nr 04-82-7253, Title: “Isolation of high levels of native gossypol from cotton
seeds and synthesis of new water-soluble supramolecular gossypol complexes having high interferon inducing activity.”5) INTAS Hydrogen Technology and Biomass Conversion for Energy Generation 2005-Research Project Ref. Nr 05-10000057662, Title: “Specific Lipase Catalyzed Production of Biodiesel.”

Mr. Takashi MORIYA
Senior Chief Engineer, Honda R&D Co., Ltd.

Term

Personal History

Now

Honda Automobile R&D CenterIn charge of Fuel Cell Power-train development

2011–

Promoted to Senior Chief Engineer

2009–

Honda Automobile R&D Center
Operation Officer
Fuel Cell Power-train development division

2006–

Honda Automobile R&D Center
Senior Manager
Fuel Cell Power-train development division

2001–

Honda Automobile R&D Center
Fuel Cell Development Division Manager

1995–

Promoted to Chief Engineer

1981–

Joined Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
Moved to Automobile R&D Center Vehicle engine design division

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Profile of Participants

Dr. Taizo YAKUSHIJI
Director, Honda Foundation
Research Counselor of Institute for International Policy Studies

Visiting Professor, National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS)
Research Counselor and a board member, Institute for International Policy Studies (IIPS)
Professor Emeritus of Keio University
Taizo Yakushiji is a Professor of Emeritus of Keio University, Visiting Professor of National Graduate Institute for Policy
Studies (GRIPS) and Research Counselor and a board member of Institute for International Policy Studies (IIPS). He wasa Professor of Political Science at Keio University (1991–March 2010), formerly full-time Executive Member of the Council
for Science and Technology Policy of the Cabinet Office and Vice President for Academic and International Affairs at Keio
University. He was educated at Keio University (B.A. in Electrical Engineering), University of Tokyo (B.A. in History andPhilosophy of Science) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Ph.D. in Political Science). He was also a Fulbright
Scholar and Ford Foundation Fellow (1970–75). He was Professor of Technology and International Relations at the Graduate
Institute of Political Science at Saitama University and Visiting Senior Research Associate at both the Berkeley Roundtableon International Economy and the Department of Political Science of the University of California at Berkeley (1994–85). He
was selected as one of the “1988 Young Leaders of Asia” by the US-Asia Institute in Washington, D.C. and was at the Ushiba
Memorial Foundation (1991–92) at the German Society for Foreign Affairs and the French Institute of International Relations.
2016/3/3

20

Opening Remarks

Dr. Shavkat SALIKHOVPresident, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan,
Chairman of Committee for Coordination of Science andTechnology Development

H.E. Fumihiko KATO
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to
the Republic of Uzbekistan

Ms. Yoriko KAWAGUCHIFormer Foreign/Environment Minister of Japan,
Professor of Meiji Institute for Global Affairs, Meiji University

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

Dr. Shavkat SALIKHOVPresident, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan
Chairman of Committee for Coordination of Science and Technology Development

Opening Remarks
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen!
You are very welcome to our first jointly organizedUzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies.
First of all, I would like to show my gratitude to the
President of Honda Foundation, Mr. Hiroto Ishida, andthe rest of our Japanese delegation for their kindest
support on organizing such an event.
Shortly, I would like to give information about thecurrent situation of the STI policy of Uzbekistan.
The world’s experience convincingly proves that
innovative technologies have become the mostimportant and effective means and a pre-condition
for the development of modern production and theeconomic potential of the state. They combine
cutting-edge scientific achievements, the possibilityof advanced engineering solutions andmodernization of production enforcement,
development of new products, mass disseminationand market sales. Examples of successfulorganization of production and management
principles based on innovation and new technologies
in all advanced countries of the world demonstrate
the perspectives of innovative ways of development.
The main objective of the innovation economy is tocreat a non-breakable chain that would unite all thestages of the innovation process from the creationand development of inventions, up to its
commercialization and production of the final
product. Acceleration of the innovation cycle
provides additional advantages in the competition
for markets. At present, all the developed countries
take into account this factor and use it to strengthen
their economic and political position in the world.
The slogan “The winner is the one who runs theinnovation before others!” is fully justified by theexample of the innovative progress of the leading
countries of the world.
Development of an innovative economy is based on
the legislative, organizational, structural, financial
and economic, logistics, informational provision, andflexible personnel policy. Moreover, technicalpersonnel for innovative activity in the majority ofcountries is prepared, including in college.
The main mechanism for the organization of
innovative economic development is integration of
education (mainly universities), science(universities, research and innovation centers,
technology parks, “Start-Up” (spin-off) companies,
cities of science, and other concepts) andproduction (industrial laboratories, pilot and test
management systems, cross-industry associations,special economic zones, etc.).
There is no coincidence that in the sovereign
Uzbekistan since its first days of independence, great
attention is paid to the development of national
science and leading scientific schools and innovative
research, regulated at the legislative level. This can beseen in a number of decrees and resolutions of the
President of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov and relevant
resolutions that the government of the Republic of
Uzbekistan adopted in the field of innovative
development.
Immediately after the country’s independence wasproclaimed, the Decree of the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov “On state
support of science and innovation development”
dated July 8, 1992, No. DP-438, and on
implementation of this Decree and the22Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

corresponding resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers“On measures of state support for sciencedevelopment and innovative activity” dated July 21,
1992, No. 337, were issued. As a result of these policy
instruments in the field of science and innovation,
the following measures have been undertaken:international market, that is, it should be importsubstituting and export-oriented.
The Republican fair of innovative ideas, technologies
and projects has become a new practical mechanism,
which is supposed to provide actual establishment ofcooperative ties between science and industry,
manufacturers of innovative products and theircustomers, accelerating introduction of advanced
technologies in the economic field, as well as
problem solving, while fostering and promoting
innovation.
In the past seven Republican Innovation Fairs:- the list of priority directions for development ofscience, technology and national scientific andtechnical programs has been approved;- scientific researchers—research institutions anduniversities have been exempted from taxation;- training programs for highly qualified scientists,
including leading foreign scientific centers havebeen approved;- The Institute of Genetics of the Academy of Sciencesin charge of the new tasks has been founded;- substantial foreign currency funds have been
allocated to the Institute of Genetics and Plant
Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan
for modern equipment of foreign manufacture.

- more than 300 projects and exhibits were
demonstrated each year;- more than 2.3 thousand contracts totaling 86.8
billion soums between developers andorganizations were signed;- mass production of 23 new species of innovative
products not previously produced in the Republicwhich cost more than $1 trillion soums wereassimilated;- innovative, scientific and industrial centers andother innovation-oriented units at 30 industrial
enterprises have been created;- implementation of new innovations on more than
100 projects in areas such as chemical andpetrochemical industry, health care andpharmaceuticals, agriculture, information
technology, and education were started.

The Decree of President of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov“On additional measures to stimulate innovative
projects and technologies in production” (dated
15.07.2008., No. DP-916) appeared to be the mostimportant one for further development of innovative
activity.
In implementation of this decree, the following
measures have been carried out:
- new mechanisms to stimulate development andimplementation of scientific and applied researchand innovations in the process of modernization,technical and technological renovation of
production, to ensure closer links between scienceand industry have been created;- funds of modernization, new technologies andstructural units of innovative development of theenterprises have been formed;- since 2008, an annual Republican fair of innovativeideas, technologies and projects with active
participation of institutions of science, educationand production organizations has been held.

In order to enhance the innovation process, based on
in-depth fundamental and applied research in theinstitutes of the Academy of Sciences, a range ofready-to-use high technologies has been developed.
Here are just a few of the most typical examples.
The scientists of the Academy of Sciences of
Uzbekistan using gene knockout technology createda new cotton growth. It has unique characteristics
such as fast ripening, drought resistance, high quality
fibers, yielding according to reputable foreign
experts only comparable to fine-staple Egyptian
varieties. Production technology is protected byinternational patent, held jointly (share 70%) by
Uzbekistan and the USA, and is patented in morethan 140 countries worldwide.
This growth is replicated in a series of “Porlock” four

Innovative products must be in demand and meet aready sale, both within the country and in the23

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

species 1 - 4. In recent years, a necessary seed fund
was worked out and enough harvest for processing
high-quality cotton was gathered.
The most important task is the early introduction of
the resulting cotton fiber in the textile industry as
well as export to foreign countries of the finishedproduct. We are sure that this project will be a“brand” of light industry of the republic.
Another example is creation of over 50 new domestic
original pharmaceutical medicines such as VFS,
ragosin, gozalidon, ecdysten, rutan, medamin,
gossitan and others. Production of most of thesedrugs has already been developed by industry, andthey are sold through the network of pharmacies of
the country.
An innovative economy equals essentially aknowledge of economy. Therefore, education andprofessional training in universities in the field of
science, engineering and technology are crucial for
success in the innovative development of thecountry.
The most important role of the state is organizationof the learning process, training and development of
employees in the following categories:

It is also necessary to increase engineering training
and attract professionals from leading foreign centers
for their training. State support for the process isrequired for extensive organization of scientific andeducational centers, industrial parks, high-tech
centers, and other similar structures.
In the structure of skills development of an innovative
profile, it is necessary to create systems of training forspecialists in large and small businesses, private
entrepreneurship, as well as scientists andmanufacturers, including direction school andcourses in advanced countries. The government
should implement personnel support to innovation,
training of innovative managers, creating andfunding innovative training and consulting centers,organizing training abroad, organizing publication of
educational and reference books and manuals on
innovation.
It is necessary to create effective legislative,
organizational, economic, financial, tax infrastructure,logistics, information conditions, and to implement
flexible personnel policy in order to ensure
implementation of state significant innovation
priorities.
Of great importance in modern production is timely
and qualitative rendering of legal, mediation,
consulting, and other services to participants ofinnovative activities, including advocacy
organizations and development of intellectual
property, subject to licensing, sale of licenses andexport of domestic innovative products to foreigncountries. Therefore, organization of training oflawyers specializing in the field of innovation should
be provided.
Thus, it is obvious that a series of effective measures
should be undertaken in the country to foster
innovation.
The first thing to come out of this is to use theexisting innovation potential, clearly define the placeof domestic science in the innovation process, and tofind production niches for priority implementation ofcompleted major domestic developments. It is
important to consistently expand the existing crosssectoral cooperation between scientists andindustrialists of the country.
For development of a mutually beneficial dialogue, it
is very meaningful to form a “bank” of national- scientific personnel;- engineering and technical personnel;- economists in the field of management, businessprojects and technology commercialization;- business consultants;- marketing;- lawyers;- patent engineers in relation to a wide range ofproblems of innovation.
Key actors and major figures behind innovation in
manufacturing, industrial development andpromotion of innovation are highly-qualified
engineers.
In the course of research training for innovation, an
important role belongs to developing mechanisms
for rational use and the realization of the potential oftalented youth. It is necessary to provide an
introduction of specialized departments, optionalclasses, new training courses in universities andcolleges, and improve curricula in higher educationin relation to meeting the challenges of innovation.

24

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

importance of innovative research proposals basedon their needs motivated, and direct the activities ofscientists towards the development of advanced
technologies, necessary to solve pressing problems
of production themselves.
To ensure effective transfer of domestic technology
innovation, it is of primary importance to organize
close cooperation in the chain “education - science- production” and to develop mechanisms for
implementation and promotion of full support of themost significant innovations of scientists.
In order to implement these necessary measures,substantial organizational efforts and financial costs
are required. This is the problem of producers whoare interested in innovations of industries and firms.
For this purpose not only the working environment
should be created, but also effective mechanisms
should be developed to promote innovation andtechnology transfer with the broad participation of
infrastructure organizations and private capital.
It is necessary to create real conditions andmechanisms in order to make investments profitable
for representatives of business as well as the
production workers, both at the level of individual
enterprises and the cross-sectoral level. The stateshould encourage such investment by reducing tax
rates or the introduction of other benefits andpreferences for companies, enterprises and firms thatare actively involved in supporting innovation
activity.
To intensify the process of technology transfer, it isnecessary to eliminate the obstacles that occur.
A number of promising local innovations require
their completion in the form of pilot testing,registration of normative documents, business plans,etc., to be financed either from the state budget, orfor the most part, from interested basic industries
and major enterprises.
We must create highly mobile intermediaryorganizations that promote innovation, including
small brokerage firms, which are flexible and focusedon the needs of production structures that would
solve many problems of innovative development of
the industry by promoting domestic innovations,created by scientists.
The significant brake of the promotion of innovationis also a lack of qualified specialists: economists,managers, and lawyers, with experience in theinnovative development of the economy. In most of
the technical universities of the country, little time isdevoted to studying the organization of theinnovation process in the context of differentiatedindustries, sectors and generally in the country. Also,
there are no courses and programs of retraining andtraining of managers and leading specialists ofenterprises. Hence, they have a lack of knowledge inthe organization of the innovation process, they do
not see it and cannot take advantage of it.
No more than 10 percent of the technologies
exhibited at innovative fairs and other new products
are actually used in practice. That is, there is a small
demand on the part of the country in the productionof new domestic technologies and products that
often do not fit into the existing production cycle.
Another reason for this situation is unsustainablefunding for research: R & D in the country arefinanced mainly through the budget, and up to 40%of the allocated budgetary funds account for basic
research, about 50% on applied programs, and only
10–12% on innovative research and development.
At the same time, the experience of the financing of
science in developed countries shows that funds areallocated to it under the following scheme: 20% on
fundamental research, 20–25% on applied programs
and almost 60% on innovation, and government
funding is no more than 20–30% and the rest isfinanced by departments, companies and firms
interested in new products.
Moreover, only innovations are funded, but thestages of pre-production and production testing of
new domestic developments, in most cases, mustalso be funded by the interested industries andenterprises. Therefore at the level of completion of
the application of state science and technology
projects, it is necessary to provide real direct
involvement of industries interested in these works.
As it was already noted, the important results of ourscientists are genetically modified varieties of cottonand medicines, which are protected by patents, so
we should set up production of these finishedproducts on the relevant, including the newly
established factories. We would like to draw attention
to a number of promising projects that are provenand have received practical application:

25

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks- a series of complex chemical fertilizers produced
from local raw materials, the use of which has
increased crop yields;- low-toxic defoliants, the use of which (“green
chemistry”) essentially revolutionized the creationof environmentally safe conditions in the cotton
fields of the country, as well as providing, since 2013,
the Republic’s independence from foreign imported
defoliants;- effective plant growth stimulants, pheromone
preparations against pests affecting cotton andother crops.

and license departments and services of theministries, departments and enterprises of the
Republic should be organized in a new way. It isnecessary to involve the most qualified professionals
who have already had experience in the creation of
inventions in their departments. In this organizational
work, the representatives of private enterprises andsmall business should not remain on the sidelines.
It is necessary to create a network of innovative
infrastructure in the form of promotional, marketing,consulting and sales departments and specializedorganizations of intermediary firms.
Therefore, in the country, along with the ministries,
departments, and companies funds for themodernization and new technologies, it is high timeto create new and ancillary infrastructures. They needto make technical tasks, business plans, passports,
technical documentation to promote patenting,licensing, marketing and others, i.e., to develop thesteps necessary to promote and adopt newtechnology and products.
Copyright institutions should be developed as widely
as possible. Authors of inventions and innovations
should be encouraged financially. It is necessary to
enforce the actual privatization and transfer
developers’ funds obtained through the introductionof innovative products, protected by patents.
With the development of the innovation economy,
the following tasks are to the fore:

These chemical and biological products for many
years have been produced at chemical plants of the
Republic and significant volumes are exported.
That is, there is a wide range of local innovations ofscientists which can be more widely replicated andimplemented in the basic sectors of the economy.
The solution to this problem is an essential rapid
provision of information to all participants in theinnovation process.
Today, the Republican Information Infrastructure of
Innovations includes resources of scientific andtechnical information (patents, publications, resultsof innovation, information booklets, etc.), as well as
information about the need for manufacturing forinnovations.
This information infrastructure is aimed mainly at
supporting science and education, but it is currently
not enough because it does not meet the goals andobjectives of transfer and commercialization ofdomestic technology for industrial applications.
We believe that in the structure of the nationalinnovation system interactive electronic information
services, such as exchange of technologies or an
innovative Virtual Fair, should be created. Their aim isto establish operational “on-line” communication
between developers, manufacturers, implementers
and users of new domestic technologies and other
innovative products, as well as representatives ofinterested investors, donors, banks, and businesses toensure the use of innovative products on acommercial basis.
To ensure a successful competition andcommercialization of innovative domestic productsin the global and national market, the work of patent- establishment and consistent implementation of
the state strategy in the innovative development of
the economy;- making out effective mechanisms for thedevelopment of an innovative economy;- improvement of legislation and economic measures
to stimulate innovators;- integration of the efforts of the government,
industries, large enterprises, small and private
businesses, banks, academics and university staff
into innovation;- wide integration of innovative potential in the chain“education - science - production - transfer andcommercialization of innovative products andservices;”- training specialists for the field of innovation(scientists, highly qualified engineers and technical26

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

workers, economists, managers, lawyers, patent
specialists, and others);- creation and implementation of major crossindustry breakthrough innovation projects;- financing of innovation on the part of industries, on
the condition of preferential taxation, as well asbanks and investors;- creation of competitive export-oriented and importsubstituting domestic innovative products;- protection of intellectual property created byscientists of research institutions and universities, aswell as in the sectors and experts in the enterprisesof the country;- commercialization and licensing of domestic
innovative products, protected by patents;- development of broad international cooperation in
the sphere of innovation.

innovative economy and allow the country to join theranks of countries with high innovation potential.
And, I hope for the future beneficial partnership withJapan, as well as with Honda Foundation onsustainable technologies development.
I wish good luck with the work of symposium.
Thank you for your attention!

Thus, the successful implementation of activities in
the field of innovation is only possible through the
integration of efforts and ensuring of synergies ofstate industries, large enterprises, small and private
businesses, as well as scientists and university staff.
We believe that the experience of international anddomestic innovation created by integrating the joint
potential of educational and scientific institutions,and industrial organizations of the Republic would
solve many of the above mentioned organizational
and technical issues in order to actively support thedevelopment of the innovative complex of the
Republic.
Here, I have to emphasize that all the abovementioned policies and recommendations should bebased on the safe and sustainable technologies. The
ecotechnologies should be stated as the priority of
Uzbek STI development for the future.
As it was named as the logo of the symposium,
innovation needs to serve sustainability—science,technology and economic development should beharmonized with human and natural environment.
Earlier in my speech I mentioned the slogan “thewinner is the one who runs the innovation before
others” and I need to add one point, “the winner isthe one who runs the innovation which is based onsustainability.”
This, in turn, will provide a solution to urgent
problems of sustainable development of an27

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

H.E. Fumihiko KATO
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Japan to
the Republic of Uzbekistan

Opening Remarks
Dr. SALIKHOV, President of Academy of Science andChairman of Committee for Coordination of Scienceand Technology Development, Mr. ISHIDA, Presidentof Honda Foundation, Distinguished guests, Ladies
and Gentlemen,advanced mathematics and astronomy.
Secondly, Uzbekistan is one of the emerging
countries in Asia, and harmonization of economic
growth and environment is a very timely theme to be
discussed here. Government of Uzbekistan is now
actively promoting an initiative of “innovation” as a
new concept of economic and social development.
Japan fully agrees to this idea and intends to support
by collaboration with universities of both countries.
Thirdly, this symposium contributes for the further
development of Japan-Uzbekistan relationship. Prime
Minister Abe visited Uzbekistan last October and a lotof agreements were signed between the twocountries to further deepen the political, economic
and cultural ties. This symposium can’t be more
timely, and its agenda “Innovation for Sustainability”
is very suitable for our bilateral cooperation. On thisoccasion, I would like to point out that Ms. Yoriko
Kawaguchi, former Foreign Minister and today’s main
speaker, significantly contributed to the developmentof the diplomatic relations of our countries. Minister
Kawaguchi visited Uzbekistan in 2004 and gave anepoch-making address to propose establishment of“Central Asia + Japan Dialogue.” This dialogue is thepillar of Japan’s policy to the region.
I am convinced that all the speakers here today areintellectuals who can contribute to the discussion on“Innovation for Sustainability.” Let me conclude bysaying that I do hope this symposium will be a newplatform for Japan and Uzbekistan to deepen andwiden the interaction and mutual understanding.
Thank you.

I am delighted to be here today to speak at the
Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies. First ofall, I would like to express my sincere appreciation to
those who helped make this symposium happen. I
would also like to extend my heartfelt welcome tothe delegation of Honda Foundation to Tashkent.
Honda Foundation was established by Soichiro
HONDA, the founder of Honda Motor and aJapanese legendary inventor. Honda Motor is wellknown for its unique products, including many
types of automobiles, motorcycles, and aircraft as
well as the famous humanoid robot “ASIMO.”
Soichiro Honda said “Technology is nothing morethan a means to serve people.” His vision andinnovative spirit have been the driving force behind
Honda Motor’s production, and Honda
Foundation’s activities.
Honda Foundation sponsors and organizes unique
symposiums all over the world to discuss ideas toresolve various issues in modern society. The themeof this year is “Innovation and Sustainability.” Now I
would like to imagine why Tashkent was selected forthis year’s symposium.
Firstly, Uzbekistan is located in the midst of ancient
Silk Road which connected Eastern and Western
Civilizations. In medieval period, Samarkand, thecapital of Timur Empire, led by the world most28

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

29

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Opening Remarks

Ms. Yoriko KAWAGUCHIFormer Foreign/Environment Minister of Japan,
Professor of Meiji Institute for Global Affairs, Meiji University

Opening Remarks
His Excellency Ambassador Kato. Distinguishedguests, Ladies and Gentlemen. Thank you for thisopportunity to make an honorable work at the outsetof this important symposium.
Japan and Uzbekistan have shared history for a longtime as Ambassador Kato talked about. The Silk Road
tied the two countries and various state of the art
artifacts amazed and stimulated Japan and gave
Japan an opportunity for cultural awakening.
To many high school students in Japan, names like
Tashkent or Samarkand are familiar as they come tobe the experts of geography and history. Today our
two countries interact even more strongly. I came by
Uzbekistan Airways which connects the two capitals
directly and also there are increased exchanges ofpeople, as we are doing today, and increasing tradein goods and services. We certainly hope that this isgoing to expand.
Ambassador Kato talked about the dialogue forcentral Asia plus Japan which was initiated back in
2004. As Foreign Minister of Japan at that time, I
discussed this issue with then Foreign Minister of
Uzbekistan, Minister Safael who, I understand, now
serves as the Chairman of the Foreign Affairs
Committee of the upper house of this country. And
other official ministers agreed that we should havethis dialogue.
So, in August 2004, my first leg of a trip to Central
Asia, and this was my very first trip to countries inCentral Asia, was right to this city, Tashkent. And on avery personal note, I am very happy to say that it isgreat to be back to this beautiful green city. At thattime I made a speech at the University of World
Economy and Diplomacy here and talked about mythoughts behind this dialogue to build upon theCentral Asia plus Japan idea. There are two
objectives: one objective, of course, is to develop theJapan-Uzbekistan bilateral relationship more firmly
and more strongly.
And the importance of that to this group I don’t
have to explain in detail. The second objective I had
was to express Japan’s support for regional
cooperation. As there are many issues that can besolved, that can be worked out, better if regionalcountries get together. Environmental issues that
we will be talking about today is one such issue.
There are many items for bilateral and regional
cooperation. Sustainability, science, technology andeconomic growth. These are all part of a very
important package.
So, I am very happy that today, CCSTD and also
Honda Foundation are addressing exactly the matterof the environment. I also was Environment Minister
before I became Foreign Minister so I am also very
happy that I could be participating as one of thepanelists in this discussion.
Thank you for your attention!

30

Introductory Session

Mr. Hiroto ISHIDA
President, Honda Foundation

Mr. Nobuhiko SHIMA
Chairman, Japan-Uzbekistan Association

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Session

Mr. Hiroto ISHIDA
President, Honda Foundation

Introductory Session

Introduction of Honda Foundation and
the Concept of “Ecotechnology”

Soichiro Honda
and
Ecotechnology

Honda Foundation (HOF)
Established in 1977
by Soichiro Honda andBenjiro Honda

Hiroto Ishida
President, Honda Foundation(Soichiro’s Younger Brother)
公益財団法人 本 田 財 団

Academician Shavkat Salikhov, Former Foreign andEnvironment Minister Ms. Yoriko Kawaguchi,
Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, I would like toextend my greatest gratitude for all the participants
here as the President of the one of the hostorganizations of this symposium. Now I have nothing
to add to remarkable and heartfelt opening speechesby Academician Salikhov and Minister Kawaguchi,
and all I have to do is to introduce the activities of
Honda Foundation and its father Soichiro Honda.

本田宗一郎さんと弁二郎さんの写真

Our Honda Foundation was established by Honda
brothers, Soichiro and Benjiro in 1977.

32

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Session

一昨年のシンポジウムの写真

Purpose of HOF:
To promote the conceptof Ecotechnology

Then Ecotechnology is a very wide concept and it
includes various fields of technology for humanhappiness.

Activities of HOF

1. To host International
Symposia
2. To present the Honda Prize(since 1980)
3. To present Y-E-S Award(since 2006)
4. To host Colloquia, etc.

The reason why they created the Foundation is topromote the concept of Ecotechnology.

Concept of“Ecotechnology”

For this purpose, Honda Foundation is carrying out
4 activities. These are, 1: Hosting International
Symposia, 2: Donating Honda Prize, 3: Presenting
Y-E-S Award, and 4: Hosting Colloquia.

Technology is not merely for
efficiency or profit, but shouldbe created and used inharmony with nature andsocial environment.

International Symposia• In Europe and North America,
recently in Asian Countries• To discuss various issues bygathering wisdom, aiming at
promotion of Ecotechnology

This concept is based upon Soichiro’s very strong
belief that technology is not merely for efficiency or
profit, but should be created and used in harmony
with nature and the social environment.

The first one is to have international symposia justlike this one in various countries.

33

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Session

国際シンポジウムの写真

Y-E-S Award• Honda Young Engineer andScientist’s Award• Grants to young students• To support future scientificleaders in Vietnam, India,
Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar.
The third one is to donate a grant which is called
Y-E-S Award to young Asian students who are going
to be leading scientists or engineers in each country.

At an early stage, symposia were held in Europe andNorth America but now we hold them in Asian
countries.

Honda Prize:• Started in 1980
• To reward prominentscientists and technologists
on the contribution in lightof Ecotechnology• Up to 2015: 38 persons
received

The second one is to donate the Honda Prize toscientists who made remarkable contributions tothe concept of Ecotechnology.

本田賞贈賞式の写真

Now, this Awarding system is operated in Vietnam,
India, Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar. Some of therecipients are invited to Japanese universities andparticipate in academic meetings. Up to last year,
264 students received this Award.
Many years ago Soichiro Honda supported many
promising Japanese students who studied science orengineering, and this support system had a big influenceon the development of Japanese science and industry.

It started in 1980, and 38 great scientists andengineers have received this Prize up to last year.

34Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Session

Colloquia:• To invite guest lecturers
quarterly for intellectual
exchange of various opinions
on Ecotenology

He loved playing shogi, Japanese chess.

懇談会の写真The last one is to set up Colloquia in Tokyo, inviting
guest lecturers four times a year for the purpose of
stimulating intellectual exchange of opinions on
Ecotechnology.

Soichiro Honda• He was a great motorcycle,
power product and car producer
and a man of innovation.
• He had very fine human touch withvarious episodes.
• He was fond of playing Shogi(Japanese Chess).

We don’t know whether he was a strong player ornot, but it is sure that he was good and enjoyedplaying.

Soichiro Honda, the father of Honda Foundation is agreat and very well-known producer of motorcycles,
power products, and automobiles. He is regarded as
one of the most innovative Japanese in 20th century.
In spite of his greatness, he had a very fine humantouch with various episodes which are written in his
book titled “Dreams into Action.”35

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Session

Painting• 北斎の赤富士• He loved painting.
• Next picture isWhite Mt. Fuji painted by
Soichiro Honda.

He was fond of painting. This picture is White Mt. Fuji.

Mt. Fuji• Many Japanese Artists
painted Mt. Fuji.
• Red Fuji by Hokusai
Katsushika (1760~1849) isvery famous.

Three pictures we see are from nearly 200 years ago.
They are evaluated to be best of them; i.e., “Red Fuji,”“Black Fiji,” and “Wave and Fuji.”“Wave and Fuji” seems to be the site within Tokyo

Historically many Japanese artists painted Mt. Fuji.
Most Famous Fuji-pictures are the series named “36scenes of Mt. Fuji,” which actually consists of 46
pictures, painted by Hokusai at the end of Edo Era.

36

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Session

Environmental Efforts

Thank you

• Now Mt. Fuji can be seenclearly from Tokyo just as
Era of Hokusai by reducing
air pollution by theenvironmental efforts.
Bay, and now Mt. Fuji can be seen clearly from Tokyo
just as the Era of Hokusai by reducing air pollution
through environmental endeavors.
Honda Foundation has made efforts aiming at the

Hope of HOF• HOF has made efforts for the
success of today’s symposium,and hopes that Ecotechnology
will bring about and keep clean
air, clean water, clean soil andclean globe.

success of today’s symposium, and sincerely hopesthat Ecotechnology will bring about and keep clean
air, clean water, clean soil, clean globe and humanhappiness.
Thank you very much.

37

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Session

Mr. Nobuhiko SHIMA
Chairman, Japan-Uzbekistan Association

Introductory Session

Relationship between Uzbekistan and Japan
Good day, everyone! Al‐salām 'alaykum. I am Nobuhiko
Shima, Chairman of the non-profit organization JapanUzbekistan Association. This association wasestablished as a volunteer organization about 20 years
ago, and myself lead the establishment. The main
objective of this NPO is to promote interaction withforeign students from Uzbekistan as well as Uzbek
residents in Japan, and one or more times every
month, we hold various events, cultural exchange
meetings and study groups.
I first visited Uzbekistan in 1996. The event wasoccasioned by the former governor of the AsianDevelopment Bank, Tadao Chino, telling me about
the “earnestness, intelligence and pro-Japanesestance” of the Uzbeks as well as his prompting me asa newspaper reporter to “advertise and disseminate
more public information about Uzbekistan to Japan.”
Thereupon, I thought of creating a documentaryfeaturing the Silk Road and Uzbeks since Uzbekistan
is at the very center of the Silk Road and the Japanese
love the Silk Road with its numerous World Heritage
sites. I proposed the idea of a documentary to theJapanese TV broadcasting company TBS. Fortuitously,
I was given a one-hour program slot, and together
with two TBS staffs, we set off for the first time to
Uzbekistan in 1996.
That time, we filmed the World Heritage sites of the
Silk Road, the living conditions in Uzbekistan, where
there are many handsome men and lovely women,
opencast mining in gold mines, scenes of desert thatstretched forever, and cities lush with greenery. At
the same time, we also learned that the Navoi Theaterin Tashkent was built by 457 Japanese prisoners of
war together with Uzbeks right after the Second
World War. During the construction, Commander
Nagata took an oath with his men, urging them
“Never to skimp our work even if we are prisoners of
war because this theater would be used for many
years afterwards, and let us build a magnificent
theater that the Japanese can be proud of.” I heard
this story directly from Commander Nagata many
years after the construction which was done incooperation with the Uzbeks.
In fact, in 1966 when a major earthquake struck
Tashkent, and most of the buildings in the citycollapsed, only Navoi Theater remained standing.
Apparently, this is how word of Japan’s ideal of
excellence has spread across Central Asia. I wrote
about this in a nonfiction book entitled “Japanese
Prisoners of War Built the Opera House along the Silk
Road” (Kadokawa Corporation) which was publishedin late September last year.
Since Uzbekistan became independent from theSoviet Union in 1991, the number of foreign students
from that country to Japan has exceeded 1,000. They
excel in their study of the foreign languages, attend
famous universities, and become good friends with
the Japanese.
Uzbekistan was an important area that linked theWest Europe, and the East Asia, since before the timeof Christ. For this reason, cities such as Tashkent andSamarkand are well known in Japan, and the blue
skies of Samarkand even came to be called“Samarkand Blue” in Japan. However, when the Age

38

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Introductory Sessionof Navigation came in the 15th century, the overland
Silk Road was gradually forgotten. But it is common
knowledge that Buddhism came to Japan throughthe Silk Road, and the Silk Road culture andnumerous cultural assets entered Japan from ancient
times. In this sense, Japan is the eastern end of the
Silk Road.
At the start of the 21st Century, with China launching
its One Belt, One Road Plan, the Silk Road has once
again come to fulfill an important role overland andin the seas. Central Asia, including Uzbekistan, is
gaining worldwide attention with a continuing
economic growth rate of 7 to 8%. The theme of the
Honda Foundation Symposium this time isTechnology and Environment. At the Fair of
Innovative Ideas, Technologies and Projects held
yesterday, about 100 companies and organizations
related to agriculture, industry, water and food held aproduct exhibition, and numerous people came tothe venue and contracts were exchanged.
Contemplating this scene, I realized once again thatUzbekistan has increasingly become the leading
country in Central Asia.
Japan places importance on the environment, andit takes pride in its environmental technology
among many other achievements. Honda Motor, acar company which is closely related to Honda
Foundation, is famous for its environmental
excellence. Let us deepen our exchange with eachother and contribute to the betterment of theworld together.

39

Keynote Speech

Dr. Odilkhuja PARPIEV
Executive Director, Committee for Coordination of
Science and Technology Development

Mr. Akira KOJIMA
Director, Honda Foundation
Advisor of Japan Center for Economic Research

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

Dr. Odilkhuja PARPIEV
Executive Director, Committee for Coordination of
Science and Technology Development

Keynote Speech

Organization the Ecotechnology Related Research in
the Framework of the State Scientific andTechnical Programs of Uzbekistan
1such as it experiences within the 20–21 centuries.
Mankind has never so ruthlessly exploited and leviedfrom the nature so many tributes and has now
become so vulnerable before the power which hehimself created.
Many scientists now agree that the policy on theprinciple of “react and correct” is not so effective;
however, the policy of “predict and prevent” seems
the only realistic approach.
Future research will help all countries to solve the mostpressing question: how to send a huge-scale
circulation of natural forces and resources in a way thatwill better meet the needs of people and not violate
the ecological processes at the same time?
The growth of the scale of human activities, the rapid
development of scientific and technological revolution
intensified the negative impact on the environment,
and led to the disruption of the ecological balance ofthe planet. Consumption in the sphere of material
production of natural resources increased. During theyears after World War II, minerals which were usedwere more than all used in previous human history.
Since the reserves of coal, oil, gas, iron, and otherminerals are not renewable, they will be exhausted in a
few decades, according to the calculations of scientists.
The list of problems occurring as a result of humanactivities can be continued. Gradually questions ofhuman survival and preservation of the planet cometo the floor.

Organiza(on	
  the	
  Ecotechnology	
  Related	  Research	
  in	
  the	
  Framework	
  of	
  the	
  State	  Scien(ﬁc	
  and	
  Technical	
  Programs	
  of	
  Uzbekistan	
  	
  
	
  
Odilkhuja	  PARPIEV,	
  Execu5ve	
  Director,	  Commi=ee	
  for	
  Coordina5on	
  of	
  Science	  and	
  Technology	
  Development	
  (CCSTD)	
  	
  Dear Ladies and Gentlemen and our dearest Guests
from Japan!
First, I would like to thank all the organizers,
especially Honda Foundation for their effort andchoosing Uzbekistan as the place for the following
year’s Honda Foundation symposium. And, thank you
all for your participation in this first organized UzbekJapan Symposium on Ecotechnologies.
Shortly in my presentation, I would like to speak
about the role of ecotechnologies on our science,
how it is treated, and how the Uzbek scientists areapproaching to the issue.
The end of the 20 century is characterized by asignificant jump in the development of scientific andtechnological progress, the growth of social
contradictions, dramatic population explosion, andthe deterioration of environment. Our planet has
never before been subject to such physical overload

42

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

One of the main tasks of scientists at the present stageof development is to ensure environmental safety of
all the technologies and designs used by mankind,both new and old which have already been used.
Nature conservation and improvement of theenvironment are the priorities of responsible
countries and societies. Accordingly, in the Republicof Uzbekistan, the strategy of socio-economic
development and state policy in the field of ecology
and environment protection are interrelated, since
the health, social and environmental well-being of
the population are in indissoluble unity.
An important role on this process is being
implemented in the country’s science and technology
policy. The condition for the efficient use of theexisting intellectual potential is a concentration ofscientific, financial and logistical resources for thepriority areas of science and technology, which refers
to the main areas of research and development, theimplementation of which should provide a significant
contribution to the socio-economic and technologicaldevelopment of the country and the achievement of
the expense of the national socio-economic goals.

3
Committee for Coordinating Science and Technologies
DevelopmentIn	
  general,	
  the	
  government	
  of	
  Uzbekistan	
  is	
  developing	
  S&T	
  programs	
  under	  the	
  full	  considera5on	
  of	
  na5onal	
  S&T	  policies	  men5oned	
  above,	
  priori5es	
  of	
  economic	
  and	
  social	
  development	
  of	
  the	
  country,	
  world	
  S&T	
  trends,	
  and	  the	
  tasks	
  and	
  problems	  iden5ﬁed	
  by	
  industrial	
  sectors.	
  The	
  S&T	
  programs	
  are	
  made	  in	
  form	  of	
  government	
  orders	
  for	  research	
  and	
  technological	  development	
  and	  serve	
  as	
  the	
  basis	  for	
  funding	  research	
  and	
  technological	
  development.	
  The	
  governmental	
  supports	
  are	  not	  given	
  directly	
  to	
  individual	
  ins5tu5ons	
  or	
  organiza5on	
  but	  to	
  speciﬁc	
  programs	
  and	
  projects.	
  	
  Priori5es	  State	
  S&T	
  Programs	
  3

2

4. Development of information and information andcommunication technologies;
5. Agriculture, biotechnology, ecology andenvironmental protection;
6. Medicine and Pharmacology;
7. Chemical and Nanotechnologies;
8. Earth sciences (geology, geophysics, seismology).

Financing	  In Uzbekistan, attention is paid to the spiritual andmoral upbringing of the younger generation because
it contributes to the formation of moral sentiments(of conscience, duty, responsibility, citizenship,
patriotism), moral character (patience, charity), a
moral position (ability to discern both good and evil,
readiness to overcome the trials of life), moral
behavior (availability of service to people andfatherland, goodwill of the person), this is why the
direction is defined as the first priority.
In addition, ecology as a science includes all complex
interaction of factors—both natural andtechnological as well as social, moral, ethical.
Furthermore, social factors are now becoming thedefining, leading conscious activity of people whoare actively defending their goals, and interests,
often far removed from the interests of society andhumanity as a whole, reaching conclusions which aresometimes at odds with those interests.
Another priority is energy and resource saving issues.
On the one hand, Uzbekistan is one of the richest
countries in the world for fuel and energy resources. On
the other, the country inherited a heavy legacy from theformer soviet regime, namely the energy- and resourceintensive, obsolete technologies, which have a negative
impact on the environment. Accordingly, this scientificdirection is given special attention.

Priority directions of R&D(2012-2020)	
  •   Researching of spiritual, moral and cultural development of ademocratic and legal society, formation of innovative economy•   Energy, and energy resources savings;•   Development of renewable energy resources;•   Development of informatization and information andcommunication technologies;•   Agriculture, biotechnology, ecology and environmental
protection;•   Recognized researching in medicine and pharmacology;•   Chemical engineering and nanotechnology;•   Earth sciences (geology, geophysics, seismology) .

Committee for Coordination of Science andTechnology Development under the Cabinet of
Ministers approved the following priorities for thedevelopment of science and technology in the
Republic of Uzbekistan for the period of 2012–2020:
1. The spiritual, moral and cultural development of
the democratic state and the legal community, theformation of an innovative economy;
2. Energy, energy-resource conservation;
3. Development of renewable energy;

43

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

The use of renewable energy sources—an extremely
unfavorable ecological situation in the world, therelevant international obligations of Uzbekistan, as
well as the great potential of using solar energy havepredetermined the need to make this area a priority.
As shown by comparative analysis, mainly thedevelopment of national science priorities is basedon the trends in the development of world science.
Thus, the directions of biotechnology are presented
in the 5 and 6 priority areas. 4 priority directions of
Uzbekistan are aimed for the development of
information technologies. The direction of materials
technology (development of new materials), ecology
and conservation are presented in all directions.

the innovative package of proposals for their further
development in the economy.
The tasks of innovative programs of scientific andtechnical works, which should be realized within the
two years, are to improve the technological level andcompetitiveness of production, providing the output
of innovative products to the domestic and foreign
markets, import substitution and export-oriented
economic structure formation.

5

Scientific Organizations	
  Academy of
Science20%

Others
33%

4

	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  

	
  

Ministry ofHigher
Education
16%

Ministry of Public
Education
3%

Organization of R&D

Ministry ofAgriculture
13%

Basic (fundamental) researches – 5 years
Finance – 100% by budget

Ministry of
Health Care
15%

Applied researches – 3 years
Finance – 90% budget, 10% industry
Innovation projects – 2 years
Finance – 50% budget, 50% industry

Such a mechanism of the organization of researchand innovation allows concentration of the available
scientific and technical potential of the country toaddress the priorities of socio-economic andscientific-technical problems, ensure the effective useof scientific and technological capacity, introduction
to the production the latest achievements ofdomestic science and technology and advanced
scientific technologies.

International S&T projects – 2-3 years
Finance – 25% budget, 75% donors
4	
  To implement the above mentioned priorities, there
are established national scientific and technicalprograms of fundamental, applied research andinnovation developments.
Scientific and technical programs of fundamental
research for the period, up to five years, aimed at
obtaining new knowledge about the laws of natureand society, to create the necessary theoreticalframework for application development. This is
primarily funded work which is directed to ensure
the increase of knowledge and scientific potential
with strategic importance in terms of the future useof the results.
A scientific and technical program of applied research,
realized in the period up to three years based on the
results of basic research and focused on the creationof new types of equipment and technologies, intends
to achieve a breakthrough in a particular area. This
program is an original source for the replenishment of

6

Applied	  researches	
  Biotechnologies
13%

Ecology5%

Earth Sciences
6%

Humanitarian
9%
Energy12%

Renewable Energy
4%

ICT
8%

Helth&Farmacology16%

Agriculture
27%

The largest within the state scientific-technical programs
is a program of applied research, the realization of whichis allocated more than 60% of the budget.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

At first glance, as the slide 6 shows that for thescientific direction ecology allocated only 5% of thetotal. But here it should be noted that there arecertain requirements for the implemented research
projects. Almost all research projects must meetenvironmental safety requirements and include
environmental protection measures. Projects that do
not meet these requirements are not included in thestate of scientific and technical projects. In addition,areas such as renewable energy, agriculture, healthcare and pharmaceuticals are directly related to theresearch in the direction of the environment.
Most of these research projects aim to identify
possible relationships between various technologies,
and especially the chemical, biochemical,
agrochemical, energy, destructive or harmful effects
on the natural realm to create the overall ecologicalsafety of the environment, including chemical,
biochemical, and radiation.

ideas. At the Fair, the developments and technologies
are demonstrated in the following five areas: industry,
agriculture, medicine and pharmacology, information
technologies, science and education.
Based on the needs and interest of industries,
companies and businesses sometimes organized
additional directions. For instance, in 2014 a new
direction was organized; “Energy saving
technologies,” in 2015 direction of “high-tech,” and in2016 taking into account the Uzbek-Japan
Symposium on Ecotechnologies, it was decided toorganize a new direction, “Ecotechnologies.”
As part of the Fair of innovative ideas, technologies
and projects, the largest number of contracts
concluded were in areas of “Agriculture” (47%) and“Industry” (35%). Slide 7 is presenting the main
directions of contracts for the implementation of
innovation in these two areas.
As shown in the analysis of slide 7 (right), today, themain consumers in the field of agriculture, namely
farmers, are interested in innovative technologies
which are associated with new varieties ofagricultural plants, processing of their products,
protection of plants and animals, increasing soil
fertility, also conservation of irrigation of waters andagricultural machinery is of great interest. Thus, we
can conclude that innovation in the field ofenvironmental technologies is the most interestingdevelopment in the intellectual property market of
Uzbekistan.
Also, innovative developments for obtaining cheap
electricity through micro hydro power plants, use ofhigh water plants for sewage and use of biogas,
drought and salt resistant plants are of special
interest.
Consumers in the direction of “Industry” areinterested in energy-saving technologies, the use of
local raw materials in light industry, chemical,
metallurgy and construction, mining and processingof oil and gas.

7
Contracts signed during Innovative FairIn	
  the	
  sphere	
  of	
  Industry	  other	
  17%	  Oil&gas	
  
11%	
  

Chemical	
  industry	
  
7%	
  

Metal	  industry	
  17%	
  Light	
  &food	
  industry	  Architecture&20%	
  Transport	
  
12%	
  

Energy	  economy	
  
6%	
  

In	
  the	
  sphere	
  of	
  Agriculture	
  Frui_ul	  soils	
  
15%	
  

others	
  
6%	
  

New	
  types	  of	
  seeds	
  30%	  Protec5on	
  of	
  plants&	
  animals	
  
24%	
  

Recycle	
  с/х	
  produc5on	
  
25%	
  

One of the effective mechanisms of organizing thetransfer of domestic technologies, which aredeveloped within the state scientific and technicalprograms, including environmental technologies isthe annual Fair of innovative ideas, technologies andprojects. The main objective of the Fair is to ensure
the integration of science and production, andpromote the conclusion of contracts for the
implementation of presented innovative
developments.
Every year, more than 500 innovative developments
and ideas are demonstrated, and more than 400
contracts are signed for the implementation ofdevelopment and implementation of innovative45

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

812Potential use of small rivers

Plantation Amaraty

Protein in percentage (10-12%);
Vitamin Е, beta-carotene, pectin, potassium, phosphorus;

9
Use of Ephorny

All this points to the fact, that industrial activity ofhumankind should gradually change their basics. We
are stepping to the new era, which is naturally called
ecological because it will focus on the establishmentof industries that do not destroy the equilibrium stateof the biosphere, and fit into its biogeochemical
cycles.
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to:
Conduct constant analysis of global trends in thedevelopment of environmental technologies, status,
problems and prospects of innovative technologies
related to the surrounding environment;
Provide state support for the development of new
methods of creating and implementing
environmental, environmentally friendly, energysaving and ecotechnologies;
Create favorable conditions for the development ofinternational cooperation in the field of industrial
safety and the environment;
Develop and strengthen the legal aspects ofeconomic development and the environmental
protection;
Develop mutually beneficial cooperation between
the state, non-governmental environmentalorganizations and the business community.
This is, in short, about all I was going to tell you. At
the end, I would like to say that this event should not
be the final one, we, the Uzbek side, need to further
our cooperation with you, the Japanese side,
especially with Honda Foundation in future.
I hope for that we have all the necessary conditions,reason and mainly willingness to work together.

April	
  Sphere use:-biological purification of water;-with high protein feed;-biogaz;-biofertilize.
June	
  

10

Plantation of Pavlovni

11
Orchid46

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

13

	
  
THANK	  YOU	
  VERY	
  MUCH	  FOR	  YOU	
  ATTENTION!	
  Thank you very much for your attention!

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

Mr. Akira KOJIMA
Director, Honda Foundation
Advisor of Japan Center for Economic Research

Keynote Speech

Japan’s Decoupling of Economic Growth from
Negative Environmental Impact
Here in 1 o’clock, 2 o’clock, in the morning, it is very
safe, very healthy and normal conditions.
But now we are around here (9:27). Actually, this wascompiled from the opinion surveys by hundreds ofcountries’ scientists, specialists, professors, businesspeople, opinion leaders and so forth. And the elementsof the survey are climate change, biodiversity, pollution,
population, water resources, food, etc. And, actually, thishas been inaugurated since 1992, just soon after yourcountry’s independence.
So ever since this clock has been clicking, ticking,ticking, and if this reaches 12 o’clock, it brings a very
miserable future for us and for the next generation.

Innovation for Sustainability :Japan’s Decoupling of Economic Growth from
Negative Environmental impact
Akira KOJIMA (GRIPS/JCER)GR	

Good Morning, Ladies and Gentlemen!
Let me introduce a very unique clock. It’s allowed me towake up at 4 o’clock to wake up your attention regarding
the evolution of the importance of global climate.

Doomsday Approaching ?	

The Environmental Doomsday Clock 	Asahi Glass Foundation Survey Since1992
Compiled from opinion surveys
climate change
biodiversity
pollution
populationwater resources
food etc.
3This is exactly one city’s daytime, not towards theevening. It’s Beijing. Especially in winter time, you
can’t see a building of 5 km meters away.

2

This clock is designed by a private company Asahi
Glass. And they calculated what time it is now.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

Japan. And here there was contamination, by theindustrial waste water, about 60 years ago.

Tokyo Too ??	

Japan—Only Yesterday 2 (Tokyo Sumida-River 1967 and Now）	

4

This is Tokyo! But not today! About 50 years ago.
7

But today, you can swim and fish. Tokyo 50 years ago.
Tokyo’s Sumida-River was black, there were no fish. It
was ugly, smelly. But now people are enjoying
cruising, fishing. And after the big crisis, we havesensibly created the sense of agreement about theimportance of the environment. Ever since, Japan has
taken this opportunity to improve its entire
environmental condition.

Tokyo Today Reborn ! 	

5

Today, from Tokyo, we can see Mt. Fuji! It was
introduced by Ishida-san. It’s hundreds of kilometers
away from Tokyo. It’s so visible with a fine view. Lookat the difference. This is Tokyo Tower, this is the dietbuilding. What have changed between 50 years ago
and today?

OECD Environmental Performance Reviews JAPAN 1	
• Japan has made steady progress in addressing a range of traditional
environmental problems, notably air emissions, water pollution, and waste
management.
	• Relatively poor natural resources anddensely populated, Japan has strong
incentives to manage its land, energy
and natural resources efficiently,
particularly through innovativetechnologies and systems.
	Japan---Only Yesterday 1 (Kita-Kyushu(	8Because of that, the OECD and other countries
admire the changes which have been seen in Japanever since.

6

This is Kita-kyushu, the northern part of the Kyushu
area, which has a high concentration of industries.
This is one of the old major great industrial zones in49

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote SpeechOECD Environmental Performance reviews JAPAN2	

3R Policy Focusing on Recycling and Reducing Final Disposal(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) Recycling system, extending to specificwaste streams, such as home appliances and end-of-life vehicles,
has resulted in a dramatic fall on the amounts of landfilled waste.
Below; Collection of garbage(rubbish) by type	• Environment and Eco-innovation (Ecotechnology) are key drivers of Japan`sstrategy for long term growth. Her New Growth Strategy to 2020 takes up her
challenge by identifying the environment and in particular eco-innovation as
new sources of long term economic growth.	

911

And they said Japan has made steady progress inaddressing a range of traditional environmental
problems, notably air emissions, water pollution andwaste management. And actually, with relatively
poor natural resources and densely populated, Japan
has strong incentives to manage its land, energy andnatural resources efficiently and particularly throughinnovative technologies and our efficientecotechnology system. I’d like to show growth rate of
GDP is higher than that of the initial stage. It means
what I try to talk about later, “decoupling.”

Are you familiar with certain garbage boxes? We findthis type of box in buildings, schools and so on. It is asmall separation of waste by type. Our policy is 3R
policy focusing on recycling and reducing final
disposal. 3R means Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. The
recycling system is extending to specific waste
streams such as home appliances and end-of-life
vehicles, and has resulted in a dramatic fall in theamount of landfilled waste. This is the box for thewaste combustion or flammable waste, cans made ofsteel or aluminum, plastic bottles and empty glass
bottles. We are doing a kind of Sound Material Cycle
Society. Transforming from Mass Production, Mass
Consumption, Mass Disposal to Sound Material Cycle
Society. Increasingly, a number of companies aretrying to introduce this kind of zero waste cycle for
production and for the environment.

OECD Environmental Performance Reviews JAPAN 3	
A Sound Material Cycle Society( Moving From Waste to Material Management)	

From Natural Mines to Urban Mines	
Japan has scarce natural resources, depending almost completely on
imports .By the 1980s,all of domestic mines closed down due to decreased
yield and declining international competitiveness.

10

This reality created an idea of Urban Mines --material cycling system-supported by technology of new methods of smelting, refining, extracting.

Cyclical use of materials. How much is the percentage
increasing? And total final disposals are certainly on
the decline.

<Recycling ratios>(ratio of the gross weight of the separated, extracted
parts and materials reused)
Air conditioners 91%, LCD and plasma screenTV89%,
Refrigerators/Freezers 80%, Washing machines/Clothes dryers 88%.
Base metals(iron, copper, aluminum), precious metals(gold, silver,
platinum, palladium etc.) and rare metals – are extracted, separated andincreasingly reused.
12	

We are now dealing with the new concept of urban
mines. We have this kind of idea in Japan, because
we have scarce natural resources, we produce urban
mines. It means a material cycling system supported
by technology of new methods of smelting, refining
and extracting. Actually, I can show you the recycling

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

ratio. This is the ratio of gross weight of the separated
and extracted parts of materials reused. As for air
conditioners, 91 percent is reused, recycled. Also, TV
sets are 89 percent, as for refrigerators, freezers, 80%,
and washing machines and clothes dryers, 88%. Thisis the type of the waste materials, iron, copper,
uranium, precious metal gold, silver, platinum,
palladium or rare metals, that are now being
extracted, separated and increasingly reused.

Ｄｅｃｏｕｌｉｎｇ＜ECONOMIC Ｇoods vs. Environmental Ｂads＞	
OECD has made decoupling a major focus of its Environment Directorate.
It defines the term as follows;<The tern decoupling refers to breaking the link between environmental
bads and economic goods><Having rates of increasing wealth greater than the rate of increasing
inputs>	

14

Decoupling means the tension between economic“goods” and environmental “bads.” “Goods” and“bads.” We want to increase the goods with fewer
bads. So OECD made the definition. The term
decoupling refers to breaking the link between
environmental bads and economic goods, namely
having rates of increasing wealth greater than the rateof increasing inputs. With the same input of energy or
resources, we have more production values.

DECOUPLING 2	
In 2011, the International Resource Panel,
hosted by the UN Environment Programme(UNEP), warned that by 2050, the human race
could devour 140 billion tons of minerals,
Ores, fossil fuels and biomass per year- threetimes its current rates, unless nations canstart decoupling economic growth from therate of natural resource consumption.
In 2014, the same Panel published a second
report Decoupling 2,which highlights existing
technological possibilities and opportunities
for both developing and developed countries
to accelerate decoupling.
13

And next, I want to stress this. Globally, we are now
increasingly focusing on the concept of decoupling.
In the year 2011, the international resource panel
hosted by the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP) warned that by the year 2050, thehuman race could devour 140 billion tons of minerals,ores, fossil fuels and biomass per year, this is threetimes its current rate, unless nations can startdecoupling economic growth from the rate of natural
resource consumption. In the year 2014, the same
Panel published a second report Decoupling 2, whichhighlighted existing technological possibilities andopportunities for both developing and developed
countries to accelerate decoupling.

UN resolution <the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development>	
Resolution adopted by the UN General Assembly on 25 September 2015
< Transforming our world; the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development>This is new UN global Sustainable Development Goals containing 17 Sustainable
Development Goals and 169 Targets( The Goals and Targets will stimulate action
over the next 15 years in areas of critical importance for humanity and theplanet)Goal 6 Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation
Goal 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy
Goal 9 Build sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth
Goal 12 Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Goal 13 Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Goal 14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans and marine resources
Goal 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems
15

And this kind of discussion is now happening
globally. This is the case of the United Nations
situation, enunciation of the UN General Assemblyin a resolution in 2015, September. The title of theresolution is the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development. This is a new UN Global Sustainable
Development Goal program containing 17
Sustainable Development Goals and 169 Targets.
Out of these 17 sustainable development goals, I
picked out a few which may directly be related to
today’s issue.
Goal 6 Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

Goal 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable,
sustainable and modern energy including
renewable energy.
Goal 9 Build sustained, inclusive and sustainableeconomic growth. This is directly related tothe concept of decoupling.
Goal 12 Ensure sustainable consumption andproduction patterns.
Goal 13 Take urgent action to combat climate change
and its impact.
Goal 14 Conserve and sustainably use the oceans andmarine resources.
Goal 15 Protect, restore and promote sustainable useof terrestrial ecosystems.

Decoupling Process in Japan 1	
• Emission Control in Manufacturing Has Dramatically Reduced Pollution	

17

Decoupling Process in Japan 2	
• Energy Efficiency Improvement
A- CO2 emission per GDP

B_ Primary Energy Input per GDP	Japan can be looked at as a front runner of thisdecoupling model building.

18

Japan as a front runner of Decoupling model building	• Japan achieved great progress in decoupling the economic growth from thepollution(air, water contamination, degradation) with a fourfold GDP and sharp
decrease in pollution emission at the same time in 1970s to 1990s.

Here, and this is another aspect showing somedecoupling efforts in Japan, regarding the emission of
sulfur oxide per unit production from thermal power
plants. It is by far more efficient than other countries.

16

Global Awareness of Urgency and Importance of Decoupling	UN

As one example, Japan achieved a great progress indecoupling economic growth from pollution (air,water contamination, degradation) with a fourfold
GDP and sharp decrease in pollution emissions at thesame time in the years 1970s to 1990s. I think that in
the case of cement production, efficiency of cement
production is an example. Actually, as for cement
industry, they developed a new system, they
introduced new production models andtechnologies. And In the short period of 30 years, forcement production, the industry as a whole needs
only just half of inputs of energy it once used. It’s anamazing improvement of productivity. In otherindustries like steel and chemicals, they are now
following this type of effort.

the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development(2015.9.25)

COP21 Paris Agreement (2015.12.12)
US, China and India (3 countries CO2 emission is some 50% of global total)
joined this agreement
Encouraging Sign and Development towards Decoupling
In 2014, global economy grew about 3% with energy- related CO2 emissions
stalled. First sigh of Decoupling ?
Many countries introduced renewable energy, showed improvement in energy
efficiency. (IEA News, Global energy-related emissions of carbon dioxide stalled
in 2014, 13 March 2015)	
19

We are now detecting some global awareness of thelarger importance of decoupling. For example, theUnited Nations in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development, they introduced this kind of concept.
In the COP21 Paris Agreement, China and India, andthe countries whose collective CO2 emission issomewhere near 50% of the global total, finallyjoined this agreement. This is a new development, an52

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speechencouraging development.
In the year 2014, the global economy grew about 3%
with energy related to CO2 emissions stalled
additionally with consumption. This is the first signof global decoupling. We must encourage this kindof trend.

GDP-plus, or Super GDP ?	
Stiglitz Report 2008
UN Inclusive Wealth Report 2012 (IWR 2012).
Second Report (2014.12 ) focuses not annual growth rates(flow),but 4
types of capital ( level,quality)—human capital, capital produced,social capital and natural capital—as indicators of sustainability of
economies.
Human capital---education, health, housing etc.
Capital produced---capital stock, public investment etc.
Social capital---trust in the society, mutual aid
Natural capital--- natural resources, farmland area etc.
For sustainable development, decoupling, we do need a new andinclusive approach, international cooperation, interdisciplinary efforts.

21(Mis) leading Indicators ?	
• GDP, the king of contemporary economic indicators, is indeed has effectively
become a proxy for national success or failure. DGP origins lie in the 1930s
when US and UK struggled to respond to the Great Depression.

So I find that there is an on-going discussion about
how to modify or how to create a super GDP. And
Joseph Stiglitz made a report in the year 2008. United
Nations made a report in the year 2012, and the title
was “Inclusive Wealth Report.” A second report
appeared in the year 2014 focusing not only on theannual growth ratio. Growth GDP is a concept of flow.
But they reported the importance of a few types, 4types of capital (level, quality)—human capital,
capital produced, social capital, and natural capital—
as indicators of sustainability of economies.

• Russian American economist Simon Kuzunets worked to build GNP(grossnational product) and its successor, GDP(gross domestic product) 	
GDP is and will be an important indicator. It,
however ignores a huge realm of economic activityof today and future. If a steel mill produces
pollution that needs a clean up, both steel output
and cleanup cost add to GDP. Conversely, if
conventional light bulbs are replaced by longlasting LED bulbs, efficiency gains would detractfrom GDP.	
clean

Many countries introduced renewable energy andshowed improvement in energy efficiency.
Lastly, I would just like to give information about the
recent discussion of very important statistics.
GDP, gross domestic product, formerly we used Gross
National Product, is the king of contemporary
economic indicators. Indeed, it has effectively becomea proxy for national success or failure. All countries aretaught the importance of the number. GDP origins lie
in the year 1930s when the US and the UK were
struggling to respond to the Great Depression at thetime. This gentleman, Russia-born American economist
Simon Kuznets told us to produce meaningful statistics.
So he worked to build GDP. They are still important,and may continue to be so. But there are small changes
needed as the world changes as it has some problems.
It ignores a huge realm of economic activity of bothtoday and the future. For example, if a steel millproduces pollution that needs a cleanup, both steel
output and cleanup cost add to GDP. Conversely, if
conventional light bulbs are replaced by long-lasting
LED bulbs, efficiency gains would detract from GDP.

Human capital—education, housing,Social capital—trust in society,
Natural capital—natural resources, farmland and soil.
So we must deal more with over-all capital analysis offlows of source and quality. This is part of thechanging evolution relating to the recognition orawareness of the importance of the global
environment.

Thank you very much.
Hoping better and higher quality of
our society and global community.
DECOUPLING is impending necessity
It is theoretically possible
Technologically possible
Economically possible and much rewarding
Politically strong will is deadly needed
22

Thank you very much. I hope for a better and higher
quality of our society and global community.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

Decoupling is impeding necessity, it is theoreticallypossible, technologically possible, economicallypossible plus much rewarding and challenging
politics, and a politically strong will is deadly needed.
Thank you very much.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Keynote Speech

Session 1
Technological Evolution and Legal Aspects for
Economic Development andEnvironmental Protection/Restoration

Ms. Yoriko KAWAGUCHIFormer Foreign/Environment Minister of Japan,
Professor of Meiji Institute for Global Affairs, Meiji University

Mr. Boriy ALIKHANOV
Deputy Speaker—Chairman of the Deputy Group of the
Ecological Movement, Chairman of the Committee on
Ecology and Environment Protection of the Legislative Chamber

Mr. Akira GOTO
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor Emeritus of The University of Tokyo

Dr. Abdulhashim TURGUNOV
Project Manager, “ATMOSPHERE” Scientific Research Institute55

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 1

Ms. Yoriko KAWAGUCHIFormer Foreign/Environment Minister of Japan,
Professor of Meiji Institute for Global Affairs, Meiji University

Session 1

Technological Evolution and Legal Aspects for Economic Development
and Environmental Protection/Restoration

Critical Keys to Reduce Pollution:
A Message from Japan
But there was one obstacle and that was the humandischarge. Lots of people go up Mt. Fuji every
summer. Just so many of them. And naturally there isa certain human discharge. And we were taught thatthat should be removed in some way. Now only
technology covers it. So we were spending sometime trying to come up with technology to dosomething about this human discharge which wewere able to succeed, eventually, I was told. And sothat’s how the designation came about. That’s one
story about the connection between theenvironment and also technology, how important
technology is.
Now, Mr. Kojima talked about the connection
between our rapid economic growth, energy
consumption, and how Japan’s air was not clean. So I
will skip all these and go right to the conclusion.

Critical Keys to
Reduce Pollution:
A Message from Japan
Yoriko Kawaguchi
Professor, Meiji Institute for International Affairs, Meiji University
May 14, 2016 for Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Eco-technologies

This time I will talk about critical keys to reduce
pollution. And I will be talking about Japan’s
experience in air pollution control. You may thinkthat that’s not relevant to Uzbekistan because yourair is so clean.
But my point is that, one policy framework or one
method to approach a type of pollution would apply
to all others. So in that spirit, I hope that you will
understand and you will listen to my presentation.
We have seen this morning many pictures of Mt. Fuji.
Three or four of them. And that reminded me of astory about Mt. Fuji and technology. You may knowthat Mt. Fuji earns a lot of our respect. It was
designated as UNESCO’s world natural heritage lastyear or two years ago. As the Environment Minister, I
was pushing for that designation, because a nationalpark comes under the jurisdiction of the environment
ministry, and Mt. Fuji is a national park in Japan.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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gas desulfurization technology and equipment usedin the plant that have to be equipped with them. So,
R & D technology was important and also
dissemination put in place was also important. Now
the R & D for this technology, desulfurization
technology started about 1960s, in the first half of
1960s, for use for thermal power plants. But the
problem in Japan at that time was the speed of R & D.
The air was already so bad. Consumers were suing
the government. Consumers were saying no to theestablishment of new plants in certain cities. So the R& D needed to come quickly. There’s always aquestion as to what extent the government
contributes to R & D, to what extent the government
should pay. And normally, that should be done by theprivate sector. But since time was an urgent matter,
the government came in.
In 1966, the Agency of Industrial Science andTechnology, which was a branch of the Ministry ofInternational Trade and Industry, now is called theMinistry of Economy, Trade and Industry,
commissioned work to a group of companies todevelop equipment, enabling ninety percent
desulfurization. Then as a result of that, it is said we
ended up having about fifty types of desulfurization
technologies.
Some of power plants introduced desulfurizationequipment, especially after total pollutant load
control which was introduced as one of theregulatory policies introduced in 1974. Thus, you can
see that without that regulation, and without the
incentives by the government commissioning thework, desulfurization was not placed in use.

Three Points that Japan Did ´ Crucial elements to combat pollution:
regulatory and incentive policies,
technology development and dissemination,
human resources development´ Introduced them concurrently to ensure effective
outcome´ All the parties concerned need to cooperate;business, national government, local governments,
academia, consumers, and NGOs

There are three major things I want you to go homewith. And that is the conclusion of my presentation,and nothing else. So one is that, there are criticalelements to combat pollution. And that’s my firstpoint. And there are regulatory and incentive
policies.
The second is also the technology development anddissemination, human resources development.
Who can deal with R & D as well as operating actual
equipment that embodies the technology?
The second point is that these critical elements haveto be brought into the economy or brought into themarket concurrently more or less at the same time.
That’s the second important point.
The third point is all the parties concerned, national
governments, local governments, academia,
business, NGOs, consumers, all these people have arole to play in controlling environment issues,
pollution or climate change. So these three points are
my conclusions, and you don’t really have to listen tome anymore.
But since I have more time, and I did not look at thewatch when I started, maybe I spent two minutes
already, and I will go a bit further in detail.

Second: Financial Incentives to Business

First: Technology�´ Flue-gas desulfurization equipment is essential for achieving
emission standard´ Government provided low-interest financial assistance to business tofacilitate their investment in pollution prevention;´ In 1966, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
commissioned work to develop equipment enabling 90%
desulfurization

through Pollution Prevention Agency (established in 1965)´ Other government financial institutions made similar loans:
Japan Development Bank 　this policy resulted in about 50 desulfurization technologies

Japan Finance Corporation for Small Business´ Thermal power plants introduced desulfurization equipment,
after total pollutant load controls were introduced in 1974�´ Annual growth of overall pollution prevention-related investment in
the 1966 through 1971: ranged between 30 to 70%Now, first, technology, the important point that you
are interested in. In order to control air pollution, we
needed to come up with technology, which was flue

Now, the second part is financial incentives by thegovernment. You may have the technology in place,but it is always expensive for plants to place these in57

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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their works, and companies and businesses prefer
not to do it if they can’t afford it. So what did we do?
So we helped with a low interest rate financial
mechanism. We have created a special agency
dealing with pollution control. And they helped
business, especially small business, to help them withplacing the equipment. Also, other existing financial
institutions such as Japan Development Bank or
medium-small sized enterprise financial institutions,they also had similar roles. So that way, thegovernment came in to help.
With the low interest rate of the official governmental
institutions, the business was able to lower theinterest rate that they incur. Although government’s
subsidy, I mean, interest rate did not amount to 100
percent, city financial institutions or private financial
institutions also helped that.

pollution, responsibility of emitters—to what extent
the emitters were responsible—responsibility
sharing among businesses, national government andlocal government—to what extent they each have tocontribute in sharing their respective responsibilities,
and also how we go about, Japan goes about,helping air pollution control.
And we, up until that time, Japan resorted to upholdcorrective measures, but we realized that was notenough. We needed to have preventive measuresand approaches.

Basic Environmental Pollution
Control Law´ Designated “public nuisance or environmental pollution”:
air contamination, water contamination, soil contamination,
noise and three other pollution problems´ Government sets standards, assure sound human health´ Introduced “Polluter Pays Principle”´ Other roles of government:
financial and fiscal assistance,compensation to the pollution victims, andpollution prevention technology

Third: Regulatory Policies (1)´ In 1962, “Smoke and Soot Regulation Law”

Now this led to the Basic Environmental Pollution
Control Law in 1967 which was revised many times
and now it’s called the Basic Environment Law, which
incorporates not only pollution but also global
environment problems such as climate change. Now
this Basic Environment Pollution Control Law, this did
many things. For one thing, it designated public
nuisance. We chose, I think, 9 categories such as air
contamination, water contamination, soil
contamination, noise, so set down altogether and 3other pollution problems, we defined as “pollution
problems” which should be covered by thegovernment policy.
Then the government set out a standard for businessand cities to meet. And we introduced polluter-pays
principle. And fourth, we provided in the law the roleof the government and its responsibility, it’s thesharing of the responsibility with local governments.

the first law to combat air pollution´ Air contamination in major industrial areas became visibly bad
Northern Kyushu, Osaka area, and Tokyo area
´ In Northern Kyushu, mothers started to protest as early as 1950

Now comes the third element which is regulatory
policies. The first regulatory policy in air pollution
came into Japan in 1962 and it was called “Smokeand Soot Regulation Law.”

Regulatory Policies (2)´ Towards the middle of 1960s,
need for a comprehensive and consistent legal framework
definition of pollution, responsibility of emitters,
responsibility sharing among business, governments,and methodology to combat pollution´ Preventive approaches, rather than ad-hoc corrective approaches´ In 1967, “Basic Environmental Pollution Control Law”
transformed to the Basic Environment Law in 1993

But in the meantime, it became very clear towards
the middle of the 1960s, that this was not enough at
all. Japan needed a comprehensive and consistent
legal framework stipulating the definition of58

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environment minister, I was required to meet withthese patients who would tell you all sorts ofproblems they had. And my heart really ached. So it isJapan’s hope that other countries would not have togo through what Japan went through, would nothave to go through what many Japanese people
went through. And still, some of them suffer.

Air Pollution Control Law´ Regulated polluting substances emitted from plants, including
smoke and soot and also automobile emissions; starting 1968
´ Stipulated for “the liability of emitters without faults”´ In 1974, introduced total pollutant load controls
By 1975, Japan was able to meet the standard set for SO2s
´ In 1971, Environment Protection Agency was establishedelevated to the Ministry level in 2001

In the meantime, Japan established the Environment
Agency law, Environment Protection Agency, which
was changed into Environment Ministry in 2001. And
I was the last Environment Protection Agency
Minister, and the first Environment Ministry’s Minister.

Taking Care of the Victims (1)´ Very important aspect of pollution prevention´ Verdicts: correlation existed between emissions and healthproblems,
business need to take state-of-the-art measures, unconstrainedby the economic costs to take care of the residents´ However, judicial process takes time, not suited for prompt
compensation to the patients´ Government introduced no-fault liability and set up a mechanism toidentify each patient as the victim or not, and paid compensation
to identified patients

Fourth: Human Capital Development�

I will go on to talk about the last part of this, which istaking care of the victims. In the law, there was aprovision that the government should take care of
the victims. So we did, and how we did it, this isbasically polluters-based principle. The people who
pollute need to pay.
But there are some things which are very difficult to
identify. The city’s air is contaminated, and people
suffer from asthma and other diseases. Can you
identify each driver to say that you have to pay forthe cost of the asthma patient? That’s not easy.

´ Business need workers who can operate pollution related
equipment and facilities´ To foster personnel capable of handling these, thegovernment passed a law in 1971;
requiring plants of certain categories to place managers 　 in charge of pollution control
managers need to be licensed by the government
training courses have been provided�

Actually, since the problems became very obvious inearly 1960s, until the establishment of theEnvironment Protection Agency which was 1971, we
spent about 10 years. And in that time, there weremany people who suffered from the consequences ofthe environmental pollution problems.

Taking Care of the Victims (2)´ Funding comes from industries emitting
pollutants including automobile producers andgovernment

In Summary:´ Key elements were placed from mid 1960’s through early
1970’s´By 1988, patients identified as pollution victims
rose to 100,000 people

more or less concurrently
regulatory policies, incentive policies,
technology development and dissemination,
personnel development´ 1970 was an epoch making year; “Pollution Diet”
14 pollution related laws, both new and revised, passed

So we asked the pollutant industries, including
automobile industries, to pay part of it, and thegovernment came in with the rest of the money. And
we established a committee which was composed ofexperts and doctors and third parties. And theylooked at the document for each patient anddesignated if that person should be paid by this

Whether the 10 years time was short or long is up to
you to see. But I think Japan needed to do and wasable to do as much as we could in the 10 years time,
although we did produce, unfortunately, many
patients from the pollution problems. As

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government scheme. So that’s the way things work.
There are still problems. Some people are notsatisfied with the scheme or with the criteria that
this mission created. So the problems still go on. But
at least we have basic scheme to help the patients.
Now I talked about air pollution and what we did.
But introduction of the key element concurrently is
the key regardless of the type of the environment
problems.

So we know how important technology will be. It isalready important. It will continue to be more
important in the future. So I look forward to the restof the discussion.

Thank You Very Much
forYour Attention

Environmental Challenges are Diverse´ Japan’s success story is only partial; pollution coming from industry´ Environmental challenges are diverse, but methodology for the
combat is basically the same
Climate Change, Preservation of Bio-diversity

Thank you very much.

´ Key elements are: regulations and incentive policies, technology
development and dissemination, and human resources
development´ These need to come concurrently; all the parties need to cooperate´ This time, international cooperation is extremely importantWe heard that environment problems are diverse as
we talked about biodiversity loss, climate change—
there are many issues—acid rain, acidification of theseawater. So there are many problems where you
cannot really identify who caused it. For instance,
climate change. We all are the people who caused it.
We drive, we heat our house, and that emits CO2 andother warming gases. So there are other types ofsolutions needed. Again, technology is very
important for climate change after the Paris
Agreement. We are in need of controlling, reducing
the greenhouse gases. And we said in the Paris
Agreement that we should limit the emission ofgreenhouse gases to basically net zero. In otherwords, we can spend to the extent that natureabsorbs CO2 in the second half of this century.
So technology is very, very important. We will belistening to, renewable energies and other things.
What this net zero increase in emission, greenhousegases net zero increase, means is that in the second
half of the 21st century, this country, we have only 3
items that we could be depending on—renewables,
the second is CCS (carbon capture and storage)
which is you put in CO2 somewhere under the seabedor under the earth so we remove it from the system.
The third is nuclear power generation, to which there
are people who oppose.

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61

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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Mr. Boriy ALIKHANOV
Deputy Speaker—Chairman of the Deputy Group of the Ecological Movement
Chairman of the Committee on Ecology and Environment Protection of theLegislative Chamber

Session 1

Technological Evolution and Legal Aspects for Economic Development
and Environmental Protection/Restoration

Legal Aspects of the Introduction of Renewable
Energy Sources: Experience and Practice of Uzbekistan
Currently fossil fuels such as: coal, oil, natural gas and uranium, are the backboneof the world's energy balance, although their supplies are reducing annually as
they are intensely consumed for manufacturing. Today, the amount of fossil fuelburned annually in the world is approximately 12 billion tons, in other words, it is
2 tons of oil per capita. Over the past 40 years, the amount of fossil fuel extracted
in the world exceeded the total amount of fossil fuel consumption before.

B. Alikhanov on "Legal Aspects of theintroduction of renewable energy sources:
experience and practice in Uzbekistan."TASHKENT 2016	
  Dear participants of the symposium, colleagues,
ladies and gentlemen!
It gives me a great pleasure to take part in such asignificant forum and to give a speech to such anauthoritative audience. It should be noted that our
dialogue and exchange of opinions will give a huge
impetus to the exchange of practical experience andlegal knowledge, improvement of legislation in
introducing renewable energy and clean
technologies.

Dear participants of the symposium, colleagues!
In today’s world, the issue of energy security is
becoming one of the major priorities of any state.
Currently fossil fuels such as coal, oil, natural gas anduranium, are the backbone of the world’s energybalance, although their supplies are reducing
annually as they are intensely consumed for
manufacturing. Today, the amount of fossil fuelburned annually in the world is approximately 12
billion tons, in other words, it is 2 tons of oil per
capita. Over the past 40 years, the amount of fossil
fuel extracted in the world exceeded the total
amount of fossil fuel consumption before.
Despite the fact that now in the world market there isa tendency of reduction of the cost of liquidhydrocarbon, at present rates of energy

62Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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consumption, world oil reserves will last for only
several decades more. Taking into account economic
development, population growth and prevailing
traditional ways of energy production, the global
energy consumption will increase accordingly.
However, in recent decades, due to the massive useof traditional hydrocarbon resources, our planet has
faced global environmental problems. Amongthem—climate change, ozone depletion, et cetera. It
is estimated that only annual industrial emissions ofcarbon dioxide into the atmosphere are more than 5billion tons, and about 300 tons are of carbon
monoxide. Compared to 1950s, the volume ofharmful emissions, in the world, has increased 3.5
times and it has a stable upward tendency.

Uzbekistan has great potential of renewableenergy sources, which, according to experts, arein amount more than the resources of organic
non-renewable fuels. Wherein, about
97 percent of the all potential comes to thesolar energy, and the number of sunny days in ayear exceed that in Spain, where solar energy ishighly developed. So, according to experts in
Uzbekistan there are more than 320 days ofsunny days, there also are wind-blown areas, aswell as mountain streams, which can be used togenerate electricity.

Dear colleagues!
Uzbekistan has a great potential of renewableenergy sources, which, according to experts, are inamount more than the resources of organic nonrenewable fuels. Wherein, about 97 percent of the all
potential comes from solar energy, and the numberof sunny days in a year exceeds that in Spain, where
solar energy is highly developed. So, according toexperts in Uzbekistan there are more than 320 daysof sunny days, there also are wind-blown areas, aswell as mountain streams, which can be used togenerate electricity.

In the conditions of depletion of world’s hydrocarbon reserves,
worsening global environmental problems, it is becoming very
important to develop alternative energy with an increased use ofrenewable energy sources. Use of renewable energy in the world isan absolute factor of innovative development. In particular, it leads
to the formation of a new technological base of generating
electricity and heat, increases energy efficiency, creates new jobs,
improves quality of life and environmental conditions, and reduces
the threat of man-made disasters.

For the current conditions of Uzbekistan the renewable energy sources like solar energy,
small hydropower, wind resources, biomass and geothermal energy are vital. According toexpert’s estimates, the possibility of using renewable energy sources in our country equals
to 51 billion tons of oil. Existing technologies allow to get the energy equivalent to 179
million tons, which is 3 times the amount of fuel produced in the country, as well as it

In the conditions of depletion of world’s hydrocarbon
reserves, and worsening global environmental
problems, it is becoming very important to develop
alternative energy with an increased use ofrenewable energy sources. Use of renewable energy
in the world is an absolute factor of innovative
development. In particular, it leads to the formationof a new technological base of generating electricity
and heat, increases energy efficiency, creates newjobs, improves quality of life and environmental
conditions, and reduces the threat of man-madedisasters.

allows to prevent emissions of millions of tons of carbon dioxide, various sulfur
compounds, nitrogen oxide and other pollutants.

For the current conditions of Uzbekistan the renewableenergy sources like solar energy, small hydropower,
wind resources, biomass and geothermal energy arevital. According to expert’s estimates, the possibility ofusing renewable energy sources in our country equals
51 billion tons of oil. Existing technologies allow
creation of energy equivalent to 179 million tons, whichis 3 times the amount of fuel produced in the country,
as well as it allows prevention of emission of millions oftons of carbon dioxide, various sulfur compounds,
nitrogen oxide and other pollutants.

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Uzbekistan has taken steps to provide political andeconomic support for renewable energy
development. An effective number of legal
documents is regulating relations in the field of
renewable energy. In particular, Article 20 of the Law“On the rational use of energy” of 25 April 1997,
defines, in general terms, the legal framework for theuse of renewable energy sources. In addition, thedecision of the session of the Cabinet of Ministers
dated February 13, 2009 on the role of the use ofalternative and renewable energy sources in the
program aimed at strengthening modernization of
the electric power industry for 2009–2013 and toensure energy security of the country.

technological potential, as well as other necessary
resources, will be a very small fraction of the total
consumption of energy potential.
At the same time, monitoring of the laws, regulations
and government decisions taken in recent years haveshown that the existing legislative and regulatory
base of Uzbekistan in the field of renewable energy
sources requires significant development, additions
and improvement, preparation of specific legislation,
which should reflect the legal, economic andfinancial, and administrative mechanisms to support
the development of energy production and use ofrenewable energy sources. These legal documents
must contain a set of incentives for the introductionof new resource-saving and environmentally friendly
technologies and modern equipment, and mostimportantly, raise standards of energy consumption,
both at work and at home.
The set of selected factors and tendencies ofdevelopment of alternatives, including renewableenergy sources, define extensive development of thissphere in Uzbekistan.
Therefore, an important step in addressing theseissues has become a “Program of measures to reduceenergy consumption, introduction of energy saving
technologies in sectors of the economy and social
sphere in the period 2015–2019,” approved by the
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
dated May 5, 2015 No. PP-2343. This program, alongwith the priorities of further reduction of energy
consumption, introduction of energy-saving
technologies in sectors of economic and social
spheres stipulates accelerated development of
renewable energy by introducing certified
technologies of solar energy generation. Besides,
establishment of the legal framework for thedevelopment and wide-scale introduction ofrenewable energy sources is pursued. For businesses
and organizations that can produce energy, as well as
specialize in the production of plants for productionof renewable energy, there are privileges andpreferences.

As the head of our country stated in his speech at the sixth meeting of the
Asian Forum of solar energy, held in Tashkent on November 22, 2013 "We have every reason to assert that the problem of the use of solar energy
at the present stage of development of the field of scientific research andexperimental development gradually turns into the scope of practicalapplication, and solar power, as well as other kinds of renewable energy
resources can become quite competitive, one of the purest forms, methods
and ways of obtaining energy. "As the head of our country stated in his speech at thesixth meeting of the Asian Forum of solar energy,
held in Tashkent on November 22, 2013—“We haveevery reason to assert that the problem of the use ofsolar energy at the present stage of development of
the field of scientific research and experimental
development gradually turns into the scope ofpractical application, and solar power, as well as otherkinds of renewable energy resources can become
quite competitive, one of the purest forms, methods
and ways of obtaining energy.”
Dear participants of the symposium, colleagues!
The analysis of a number of the legislation of several
countries shows that the absence of the necessary
legal framework for the widespread introduction ofalternative fuels, replacing traditional energy
resources, oil, natural gas, hydropower, gascondensate and others, creates certain problems. In
such a situation, the use of renewable energy sourcesin the country, even with significant scientific and64

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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power with the capacity of 1.2 mW (stable electricity
provision for 1.5 thousand residents of the village),which has no analogs in CIS countries, was put into
operation in Bukhara region (by ENESOL company), in
one of the farms of Farish district in Jizzakh region
the Ecologic Movement of Uzbekistan created a fieldtraining-center on renewable energy with the pilot
installations of solar and wind energy, as well as
biogas. In addition, schools and colleges located inremote areas are being equipped with solar
collectors, photovoltaic panels were installed inhundreds of rural health units, and by 2020 it isplanned to put into operation three more solar
power plants with the capacity of 100 mW each.

As part of the practical steps taken for the development of renewable energy use in
the country, objectives and directions were defined for the International Instituteof solar energy activities designed to become a regional hub for scientific andexperimental research in the field of advanced solar energy technologies.
Currently, a significant scientific and technological basis is created for production
and maintaining of equipment used for the production of energy from renewableenergy sources, a number of fairly large projects sponsored by internationalorganizations and financial institutions are implemented.

Dear colleagues!
As part of the practical steps taken for thedevelopment of renewable energy use in the
country, objectives and directions were defined forthe International Institute of solar energy activities
designed to become a regional hub for scientific andexperimental research in the field of advanced solar
energy technologies. Currently, a significant scientificand technological basis is created for production andmaintaining of equipment used for the production ofenergy from renewable energy sources, a number of
fairly large projects sponsored by internationalorganizations and financial institutions are
implemented.

One of the most important documents, which is currently being
developed, is the draft law "On renewable energy sources", which
form the legal basis for regulating relations in the sphere ofdevelopment and implementation of renewable energy sources thatwill allow to specify basic principles of state policy, as well as will
regulate mechanisms for promoting the use of renewable energy
sources, ensure an adequate level of scientific and financial
management, monitoring and internal control in the implementationof renewable energy projects, and will determine ways of participationof self-governing, non-profit organizations in the activities in thesphere of renewable energy sources use.

One of the most important documents, which iscurrently being developed, is the draft law “Onrenewable energy sources,” which forms the legal
basis for regulating relations in the sphere ofdevelopment and implementation of renewableenergy sources that will allow specification of basic
principles of state policy, as well as will regulatemechanisms for promoting the use of renewableenergy sources, ensure an adequate level ofscientific and financial management, monitoringand internal control in the implementation ofrenewable energy projects, and will determine waysof participation of self-governing, non-profit
organizations in the activities in the sphere of
renewable energy sources use.
At the same time, involvement of renewable energy
in the overall energy balance of the country and thelegal regulation in this area will not only contribute to
the reduction of harmful gas emissions, including
greenhouse gas emissions that impact climate

Production of photovoltaic panels for power plants that use solar energy has been
established in special industrial zones, the Physics and Technical Institute of the Academyof Sciences established an experimental pilot production of photovoltaic solar energy foruse in remote regions of the country, a solar photovoltaic power plant with the electric
capacity of 130 kW was put into operation in the Pap district of Namangan region, a CIS
mobile solar power with the capacity of 1.2 mW (stable electricity provision for 1.5
thousand residents of the village), which has no analogs in CIS countries, was put into
operation in Bukhara region (by ENESOL company), in one of the farms of Farish
district in Jizzakh region the Ecologic Movement of Uzbekistan created a field trainingcenter on renewable energy with the pilot installations of solar and wind energy, as well as
biogas. In addition, schools and colleges located in remote areas are being equipped withsolar collectors, photovoltaic panels were installed in hundreds of rural health units, and by
2020 it is planned to put into operation three more solar power plants with the capacity of
100 mW each.

Production of photovoltaic panels for power plantsthat use solar energy has been established in special
industrial zones, the Physics and Technical Institute of
the Academy of Sciences established anexperimental pilot production of photovoltaic solar
energy for use in remote regions of the country, asolar photovoltaic power plant with an electric
capacity of 130 kW was put into operation in the Pap
district of Namangan region, a CIS mobile solar

65Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 1change, to energy and heat supply improvement,
especially in rural and remote areas, but will also
ensure energy security and stable development ofour country. The development of renewable energy,
according to experts, will allow, by 2050, provision ofa reduction of up to 50% of the share ofhydrocarbons in total energy production.

Thirdly, to create a special Renewable energy
development fund, as well as incentives for the introduction ofrenewable energy sources;

Thirdly, to create a special renewable energy
development fund, as well as incentives for the
introduction of renewable energy sources;

In general, to ensure the involvement of renewableenergy sources in the overall energy balance of the country
it is necessary:Firstly, to ensure the formation of the legislative,
institutional, financial and information base for large scale
introduction of renewable energy sources use;

Fourthly, to carry out extensive promotion ofrenewable energy use and training of personnel in this sphere.

Dear participants of the symposium, colleagues,
ladies and gentlemen!
In general, to ensure the involvement of renewableenergy sources in the overall energy balance of thecountry it is necessary:Firstly, to ensure the formation of the legislative,
institutional, financial and information base for large
scale introduction of renewable energy sources use;

Fourthly, to carry out extensive promotion ofrenewable energy use and training of personnel inthis sphere.

Secondly, to create the infrastructure on introduction ofrenewable energy sources, including the scientific basis;
In order to "green" the energy sector of the country the priority
directions of development of renewable energy in Uzbekistan should be:- Creation of large photovoltaic power plants in the energy sector;- Introduction of solar-top boxes in the boiler heating system;- Installation of photovoltaic panels in the countryside;- Establishment of the local systems of energy and electrical power
supply using solar energy installations in remote areas.
Introduction of renewable energy will be one of the most importantpriorities in the transition of the economy on the path of innovation andclean technologies.

Secondly, to create the infrastructure on introductionof renewable energy sources, including the scientificbasis;In order to “green” the energy sector of the country
the priority directions of development of renewableenergy in Uzbekistan should be:

66Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 1- Creation of large photovoltaic power plants in theenergy sector;- Introduction of solar-top boxes in the boiler heating
system;- Installation of photovoltaic panels in the
countryside;- Establishment of the local systems of energy andelectrical power supply using solar energy
installations in remote areas.
Introduction of renewable energy will be one of themost important priorities in the transition of theeconomy on the path of innovation and clean
technologies.
Implementation of these measures in Uzbekistan will
ensure sustainable development of the social,economic and environmental spheres, the essence of
which is the principal right of every citizen tofavorable environmental conditions and meeting theneeds of the current generation withoutcompromising the needs of future generations.

Thank you for your attention!

Thank you for your attention!

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Dr. Akira GOTO
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor Emeritus of The University of Tokyo

Session 1

Technological Evolution and Legal Aspects for Economic Development
and Environmental Protection/Restoration

Economic Growth, Environmental Protection,and Innovation
OUTLINE	

Economic growth, environmental
protection, and innovation	

1. Importance of competitive market for economic
growth
2. Japan’s experiences after oil crisis in the 1970s
3. Innovation policy and policy tools
4. Importance of dissemination and adoption of ecotechnology
5. Importance of policy governance

AKIRA GOTO
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor Emeritus, University of Tokyo

	
	

1	

Good morning everyone. I am very pleased andhonored to be able to speak to you this morning. I
was, as Mr. Arimoto mentioned, an economist bytraining. I taught economics at The University ofTokyo. And then, worked for the government, as acommissioner of Fair Trade Commission which is anagency that implements the Japanese anti-monopoly
act, which is a Japanese competition policy.
And currently, I am also serving as an economic
adviser to the Japan Patent Office. I was asked by theorganizer of this symposium to talk about economic
growth, environmental protection and innovation.
And certainly this is a huge subject to talk about
particularly in 15 minutes but at least I would try to
do so.

2	

My talk is divided into 5 sections and in the firstsection, I’d like to emphasize the importance ofmarket mechanism, competitive market mechanism
for economic growth, environmental protection andinnovation. But it is also important to use thecompetitive market system wisely because themarket sometimes fails to achieve. Market
mechanism is an excellent mechanism but it fails toachieve its goal, in certain conditions. Therefore, thegovernment has to use the market wisely, but if you
use it wisely, then it is a very excellent mechanism topromote economic growth and environmental
protection and innovation.
And then in the second part, I would like to talk about
Japan’s experience after the oil crisis in the 1970s. In
this decade, oil prices jumped from 2.5 dollars a barrel

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to almost 40 dollars per barrel. And how theJapanese economy responded to the sudden jumpof this important input is a very interesting story
and we can draw several interesting lessons andobservations, I hope.
Last 3 sections, 3, 4, 5, are about innovation policy topromote ecotechnology with references to manyother menus of technology policy and so on.

1. Importance of competitive market foreconomic growth(cont’d)	
v However, economic theory tells us that market

mechanism fails in some cases (market failure)v One of the causes of market failure is externalityv Environmental problems (e.g.., emission of green

house gas, GHG) are negative external effects

4	

1. Importance of competitive market foreconomic growth

However, it is also important to note that economic
theory shows that market mechanism fails in somecases. And this is called market failure. One of thecauses of market failure is called externality and there
are two types of externality. One is positive
externality and the other one is negative externality.
And negative externality means that one firm’s
activity causes harm to other firms or people ingeneral, but that firm which caused harm does nothave to pay the cost of this harm. Pollution is a good
example or I should say a bad example and if thatfirm does not have to pay anything for pollution, if
there are no regulations, the firm tends to overdo thiskind of activity and that is a very disastrous instanceof pollution.
The other type of externality is positive externality.
Here, one firm’s activity benefits other firms or otherpeople. But a firm which benefits other firms does
not receive any payment from others. Technology is agood example of this positive externality. Positivetechnology can travel very fast with very little cost
and that’s why the original inventor has difficulty ingetting the proper reward for his technology without
any institutional arrangements. So the inventor,
under this no-protection regime, can’t receive anycompensation so that the activity will be below the
optimum level.

	• Market mechanism is the most efficient way toallocate resources to where they are needed most• “Creative destruction” in the market promotes

innovation, which is the engine of dynamic
economic development• Economic catch-up was achieved with competitivemarket and innovation; The US around 1900, Japanafter Meiji Restoration and after the WW 2, Korea
in 1980s, China in 1990s, India in 2000s,,,,,,,	
3	

Now, the first part, the importance of competitivemarket for economic growth. It is needless to say thatmarket mechanism is the most efficient way toallocate resources, very scarce resources, to where
they are needed most. And the economists call thisstatic efficiency. And, over time, the creative
destruction in the market process promotes
innovation which is the engine of dynamic economic
development. And this is called dynamic efficiency.
And competitive market mechanism achieves these
two efficiencies, static efficiencies and dynamic
efficiencies simultaneously in a very excellent
manner.
This is proved by an economic theory and also, this isproved by history. Economic catch up of nations wasachieved with competitive market and innovation. It
happened in United States around the turn of the
century, which is turn of the century of the previous
time from the 19th century to the 20th century. And
the Japanese fast catch up after the Meiji restoration
and again after world war, the Second World War andKorea’s remarkable catch up in 80s and China’s rapid
growth in 90s and India is now starting to join thisgame very recently.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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interventions should be combined to achieve theoptimal outcome. It is important to note that marketbased environmental policy is a key to protecting theenvironment while promoting economic growth.
Market mechanism supplemented by appropriate
government intervention can achieve this goal. These
appropriate government interventions as I havementioned earlier, are a tax on greenhouse gas and a
subsidy on technology development of ecotechnology.

1. Importance of competitive market foreconomic growth(cont’d)	
v Such effects should be internalized by taxes (carbon

tax)v With carbon tax, use of fossil fuel will be priced

correctly, and relative prices changes, leading toenergy saving, substitution to green energyv Carbon tax will also induce development of ecotechnology

5	And as for the pollution, or negative externality, thisnegative effect should be internalized by taxes and in
the case of greenhouse gas, this tax is called a“carbon tax” in many cases. With carbon tax, the useof fossil fuel will be priced correctly and the relative
price will change. This is through energy-saving
activities and substitution to green energy. Carbon
tax also induces development of ecotechnology as
carbon emitting activity becomes expensive.

2. Japan’s experiences after oil crisis in
1970s	v Japan’s experiences after oil crisis shows howmarket and government responded to sudden
increase of oil increased from $ 2.5 in 1972 to $37.3 in 1981v responses;
1. change to energy efficient industrial structure
2. development of energy efficient technology
7	

Now let me move to the second section of my talkwhich is Japan’s experience of capital oil crisis in 70s.
As I mentioned before, oil price jumped more thantenfold in 70s. And the response to this change was, I
think twofold. The first response was changing to anenergy-efficient industrial structure, a change to amore energy efficient structure, meaning thatindustries that use energy heavily should be phasedout and a good example is aluminum smelting
industry in Japan.
The aluminum smelting process requires a lot ofelectricity and electricity is generated by oil so theprice of electricity also jumped in the 70s. And
Japan’s aluminum smelting industry was the second
largest in the world before World War II and today, it
does not exist anymore except one smelting plant
which has hydro power plant in its backyard. It isalmost completely gone. Instead, Japanesecompanies developed a more energy efficienttechnologies, and industries such as information
technology or biotechnology industries started to
grow. So, all the industrial structure moved to an
overall energy-efficient structure. And the second
response was to develop energy efficient technology.

1. Importance of competitive market foreconomic growth(cont’d)	
v However, there exists another externality regarding

technology; positive external effects, leading tounder investment in technology developmentv Therefore, development of eco-technology requires
not only taxes on emission of GHG but also
government support such as subsidies for R&D on
eco-technologyv It is important to note that market based
environmental policy is the key to protect
environment while promoting economic growth	 6	

But technology development has its own problem.
As I mentioned earlier, there is positive externality
and the inventor will have difficulty in receiving aproper reward for his invention so the government
should help firms to make firms become able torecoup their investments in R & D. It can be done byproviding subsidies or providing a tax relief or othermeasures that I will come to talk about a little later.
So here, to summarize the arguments so far,development of ecotechnology requires two kinds ofgovernment intervention. First is a tax on emission ofa greenhouse gas and second intervention is to
subsidize or support technological development ofecotechnology. These two kinds of government

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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2. Japan’s experiences after oil crisis in
1970s (contn’d)	
v As a result, amount of oil needed to produce one

yen of GNP dropped by 40% from 1973 to 1982v Change of relative prices tend to induce

development of more energy efficient technology inexisting industryv Government R&D program such as Sunshine
project and Moonlight project helped to develop newtechnology 	
8	10	Here, this is an interesting figure taken from theOECD booklet. It’s the number of patents granted
related to all kinds of renewable technologies. It
includes wind power patent, solar photovoltaics
patent, and so on and so forth.

As a result of these changes, the amount of oil
necessary to produce one yen of GNP dropped by 40
percent in this data. So this change or relative pricetends to induce development of more energy-efficienttechnology in existing industries such as steel and soforth. Also the government is on the program such as
the sunshine project or the moonlight project to help
to develop new technologies such as renewable
technology and so on.

3. Innovation policies and policy tools	
Three types of policies to promote innovation
1. Supply side (supply push) innovation policy• To solve underinvestment problem, financial support
from government is necessary, particularly where
social rate of return exceeds private rate of return,such as R&D on eco-technology	

3. Innovation policies and policy tools	
Developing eco-technology is one of the key to solve
environmental issues• technology to use renewable energy more efficiently• Smart grid
• Hybrid car, electric car, etc.,• Energy efficient TV, air-conditioner, refrigerator• Renewable construction materials• ---	

11	

3. Innovation policies and policy tools(cont’d)	

Policy tools for supply side innovation policy• Subsidies and grants• Tax credits• Low interest loans9	

Now time is pressing so I have to move on to theinnovation policies and policy tools.

	12	

Let me move on to the technology policy and policy
tools. With the first type of policy, there are 3 innovation
policies. And one is a supply side technology policy, thesecond is a demand side technology policy, and third isa systemic technology innovation policy. Supply sidetechnology is essentially giving a subsidy to firms to doresearch and development on ecotechnology.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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Before I close my talk, I would like to add 2 points
which are very important.

3. Innovation policies and policy tools(cont’d)	
2. Demand side (demand pull) innovation policy• create demand for eco-technology• “let market choose appropriate technology
rather than government”• avoid rock-in• encourage new entrant with fresh ideas

4. Importance of dissemination andadoption of eco-technology	
• Once eco-technology is developed, it must be usedwidely by firms and consumers• Adoption of new technology (eco-technology) is noteasy because of inertia• Policies to promote adoption of eco-technology and13	

eco-products are important	

3. Innovation policies and policy tools(cont’d)	
Policy tools for demand side innovation policy• government procurement• feed in tariff• subsidy to eco-friendly products (e.g. fuel efficientcars)• education and information dissemination 	

16	

One is dissemination and adoption of ecotechnology
is very important because even if one ecotechnology
is invented, if it is not used then it means nothing.
And adoption of new technology is often difficult
because people are used to old technologies andswitching to unfamiliar new technology is often very
difficult and costly so there should be a policy forgovernment intervention to help firms and people
adopt new technology.

14	

And demand side innovation policy means that the
government creates a market for eco products, notecotechnology, but eco products and let firms
choose the appropriate technology to fulfill themarket the government created. In this case, thetechnology was chosen by firms and not bygovernment, as an advantage of inducing new entry
into this field.

5. Importance of policy governance	
Policy governance is the key• Coordination of two ministries, i.e., environment
ministry and industry ministry, is important.
• As technology development takes time, consistentpolicy is important.

3. Innovation policies and policy tools(cont’d)	
3. Systemic innovation policy• Policies to promote industry-university, industrygovernment research laboratory collaboration• Policies to promote creation of technology oriented
small firms (venture funding,,,)• Eliminate government regulations and laws thathinder collaboration and spin off	

17	This is very important. And last point is, governanceof technology innovation policy. It is often the casethat the ministry in charge of industry and theministry in charge of economy and the ministry incharge of the environment do not get along very
well. Therefore, coordination is particularly importantand also technology development takes time, 10
years, 15 years so the government policy should betime-consistent.

15	

The third policy is systemic innovation policy. This isbasically to promote interaction of players on thenational innovation system such as universityindustry collaboration and so on.

72Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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THANK YOU!
	18	I think that’s all I have to say. Thank you very much.

73

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 1

Dr. Abdulhashim TURGUNOV
Project Manager, “ATMOSPHERE” Scientific Research InstituteSession 1

Technological Evolution and Legal Aspects for Economic Development
and Environmental Protection/Restoration

Rational Use Secondary Material—Raw Materials forEnergy Production with Improved Environmental
and Performance Indicators
It is known that all chemical processes can move
forward and/or backward, that detail is studied andcontinues to be studied under the subject oftechnical and chemical thermodynamics. Based on
this approach at the beginning of the last century, aGerman and Czech scientists R. Fisher and V. Tropsh
invented the catalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons andoxygenates on the basis of carbon oxides and water
vapor, which in a very short period of time has been
implemented on an industrial scale for energy
production in Germany. In connection with theintensive development of world oil production andrefining, the gas and chemical method of producing
synthetic gasoline remained in the background; it isready for a second revival due to the depletion of oil
and gas reserves on the planet.
The Republic of Uzbekistan has also been
implementing a joint international project on the
production of synthetic fuel in the GTL-plants.
It is contemplated to use as a raw material marketable
natural gas, with an annual consumption of first unit
operation billion m3 of 3/year, which will start to growwithin the plants II and III queue. It should be notedthat regardless of the scale of natural gas in theregion their potential has a certain limitation.

RATIONAL USE SECONDARY MATERIAL- RAW MATERIALS FOR ENERGYPRODUCTION WITH IMPROVEDENVIRONMENTAL AND PERFORMANCE
INDICATORS.

Research and Design Institute of Technology «Atmosfera» establishedunder the State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan for nature protection inaccordance with the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the
Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 06, 1992 #548-12 and the order of the State
Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 18, 1992, # 29 to address
issues related to improving the state of the atmosphere and the reduction ofpollution emissions of its national economy enterprises and disposal of toxic
industrial and household waste.
The main directions of activity of the institute is:- Research and problem solving for the development and construction
methods and equipment to ensure reduction of air pollution from emissions ofharmful substances in industrial enterprises, recycling and processing anddisposal of toxic industrial, agricultural and municipal waste.
Address: 100000, Tashkent, Chilonzor region, Bunyodkor Avenue, 7a,phone: (99871) 277-09-87, fax: tel: (998 71) 277-69-83.
E-mail: itltiatmosfera1@mail.ru

Dear Ladies and Gentlemen!
Thank you very much for your time in being here andlistening to the presentations.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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In the Republic of Uzbekistan, in terms of compliancewith international obligations to reduce greenhousegas emissions effects, comprehensive measures weredeveloped, including the maintenance of scientificand technological research on the use ofcomponents of the emissions of stationary power
plants as secondary raw material resources in the
production of goods for domestic and industrial use.

For instance, the project “Development of integrated
technology of extraction of valuable components of
the Angren coal ash.”Objective of the project is to develop the productionof silicon, iron and aluminum in the form of alloys byarc melting. At dumps Angren and Novo-Angren
thermal power plant has accumulated a total of over
20 million tons of ash content on average SiO2 =32.5%; Al2O3 = 21.5%; Fe2O4 = 14.9%; CaO = 24.3%
and 6.8% other oxides.
Every year the dumps gather about 1.5 million tons ofash. The accumulation and long-term storage of thiswaste has a negative impact on the environment.
According to calculations of the composition of thecharge for iron must be original ash 100 kg of coaland 12 kg, 15.596 kg of the alloy where, Fe 95%, Si 3%,
Al 2%, Cu 0.1%, Mg of 1%.

Integral part of the activities of mankind is waste. Main waste aresecondary material - raw material resources. Rational use ofrecycled material - raw materials for the production of energy withimproved environmental and performance indicators is a challenge
for the whole world and in particular for the Republic of
Uzbekistan.
n Almost all industrialized countries most contaminated by theatmosphere of nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide and other harmful
gases. Under their influence greatly enhanced corrosion of metals
and destruction of building structures, killing plants and animals,
increasing the incidence of people.
n

The project "Development of technology forsynthetic biofuels

An integral part of humanity is a waste. The main
waste is secondary material—natural resources.
Rational use of recycled material—raw materials forthe production of energy with improved
environmental and performance indicators—is achallenge for the whole world and in particular for
the Republic of Uzbekistan.
In this direction, in the republic and specifically NIPTI“Atmosphere” conducted a series of technologicalprojects which are implemented into the real life.

The purpose of the project is to develop methods and technologies forthe production of liquid hydrocarbons preferably - energy from local
renewable bio-secondary plant materials (especially of cotton stalks),
followed by ecological and performance properties.
On the experimental – lab installation developed an experimental batchof a light fraction of hydrocarbons pyrolysis guzapai in the amount of
2,332 liters / 1,866 kg, from which derived the gasoline fraction with aboiling range 37 - 180 0 C, which was a study showing compliance withthe selected gasoline fraction of pyrocondensate with gasoline fractions,derived from traditional sources.

The project “Development of technology for the
production of synthetic fuel from hydrocarbon
fractions bio vegetable materials.”
The purpose of the project is to develop methods
and technologies for the production of liquidhydrocarbons, preferably, energy from local
renewable bio-secondary plant materials (especiallyof cotton stalks), followed by ecological andperformance properties.
In the experimental laboratory, facility developed anexperimental batch of a broad fraction of lighthydrocarbons, pyrolysis guzapai with access to 24%of the volume from which the gasoline fraction
obtained with a boiling range 37–180 0°C. Studies
have shown that a dedicated gasoline fraction of
pyrocondensate corresponds to the gasoline fraction
obtained from conventional sources.

The project "Development of integrated technology ofextraction of valuable components from the Angren coal ash.
"Objective of the project. Mastering the production ofsilicon, iron and aluminum in the form of alloys
elektrodugavoy melting method. At dumps in Angren andNovo-Angren thermal power plant has accumulated a totalof over 20 million tons of ash content in the average SiO2 =32.5%; Al2O3 = 21.5%; Fe2O4 = 14.9%; CaO = 24.3%
and 6.8% other oxides.
Every year in the dumps receives about 1.5 million.
Tons of ash. Filling and long-term storage of this waste has
a negative impact on the environment.
To obtain necessary starting product ash and 100 kg of
12 kg of coal, obtain 6.596 kg alloy where, Fe 95%, Si 3%,
Al 2%, Cu 0.1%, Mg 1%

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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country amounts to several tens of millions of tons,
growing annually at least 1 million tons, due toAngren TPP transition fully to local brown coal origin
with an ash content of up to 36% by weight.
Thus, the product gas chemisorption emission
purification process from the harmful acidic
components are sent to regeneration in contrast to
the numerous known processes as are used in
sewage treatment as the technical content coagulate
in the composition of the salt mixture (up to 13–15
wt%) Fe2 (SO4) and 3 (15–18 wt%) Al2 (SO4) 3.

The project "Development of a pilot plant without waste solid
waste management in the areas of education and obtainpyrolysis gas"
The aim of the project is the development of environmentally safe
disposal of solid waste technology bit of waste in the areas of education to
give them the basis on pyrolysis gas.
Every year, the formation of solid bit of waste in the country exceeds 30
million m3. and a collection of solid waste at 159 landfills (landfills),
which occupy a total usable area of ​1130 hectares.
Of the 300 kg of the organic part of municipal solid waste taken airdry, you can get about 150 m3 of gas and 140 kg - adsorbent.
To clean gas 150 m3 of CO2 quicklime required about 18 kg and 180
liters of milk of lime (10% concentration).

The project “Development of a pilot plant-waste
recycling organic part of municipal solid waste.”
The aim of the research project is the development ofenvironmentally safe waste-free technology recyclingof municipal solid waste to produce environmentallyfriendly pyrolysis. This will be used in the process ofobtaining automotive energy supply pyrocondensate
in the processing of crude oil in the framework ofprimary processing in the refinery, as well as the useof pyrolytic carbon for briquetted fuel.
Every year, the formation of solid waste in the
country exceeds 30 million m3, which are collected at
159 landfills (landfills), and occupy a total usable areaof 1,130 hectares.

The project "Development of technology for the adsorptioncatalytic purification of industrial waste gases from nitrogenoxides with the use of local production"
The purpose of the project is to develop a method and a regeneration
and reactivation of technology, exhaust catalysts by promotion oxides I, II
and VIII of the periodic system and the achievement of the maximum
degree of waste gas cleaning from nitrogen oxides by reduction withammonia to the latter electrically neutral nitrogen.
The possibility of flue gas purification industry by nitrogen dioxideusing an adsorption - chemisorption system ash waste Angren TPP. As aresult of chemical reactions is formed of aluminum sulphate - it is also acommodity product, which is very soluble in water, in contrast to calcium
sulfate. Water weak solutions of aluminum sulfate have coagulating
properties, which makes them always be popular product.

At the same time, a qualified disposal of solid waste
thermal energy potential was achieved, which isattained with the participation of clean gas emissionsof stationary power plants with the receipt of goods
to high demand, the coagulate for sewage treatment,
successfully replacing imports (at a price of 400
USD/t). When this occurs, it is in a stream of oxygen,nitrogen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, which iseasy to extract by publicly known technology.

Project "Adsorption-catalytic clean-chemisorption gas
emissions from sulfur dioxide using Ashes from waste"
The purpose of the process of the project is to develop a new method of
purification of waste gases from industrial using sulfur dioxide as a naturaland readily available sorbent recycled material, without any significant
processing additives.
For the first time studied and established the possibility of practicalapplication of tailings ash wasteAngren thermal power station with flue gas
cleaning of sulfur dioxide over a wide (150-800 C) temperature range. The
experimental results show that the activity of the sorbent calcined at 500 C,
is shown at 200 C and calcined sorbent at 800 C exhibits a high activity at
400-500 C.

The project "Development of environmentally efficienttechnologies of raw materials for the production of synthetichydrocarbons."
Objective of the project. This applied technology project aims to develop atechnology for obtaining carbon monoxide by reacting carbon dioxide
emissions derived from stationary power plants, including the gas streams in
the purification of natural gas and Angren brown coal.
On the technological base UDP "Shurtanneftegas" NHC "Uzbekneftigaz"
completed works on installation of installations for the production of liquidhydrocarbons from natural gas. We propose obtaining carbon monoxide byreacting Angren coal with carbon dioxide obtained from a mixture of natural
gas and products of combustion emissions in stationary power plants

Work was carried out on the cleaning of gas
emissions of stationary power plants by incomplete
combustion products and other acidic components.
At the same time as the catalytic sorption system forthe catalytic final oxidation of incomplete
combustion products and capture by chemisorptionof sulfur oxides, recommended mixture polymetallic
secondary origin oxides whose potential in the

The project “Development of environmentally76

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 1

efficient technologies of raw materials for the
production of synthetic hydrocarbons.”
Objective of the project. This applied technology
project aims to develop a technology for obtaining
carbon monoxide by reacting carbon dioxide
emissions derived from stationary power plants,
including the gas streams in the purification ofnatural gas and Angren brown coal.
On the technological base UDP “Shurtanneftegas”
and NHC “Uzbekneftegaz” completed work on
setting installations for the production of liquidhydrocarbons from natural gas.
The recovered carbon dioxide reduced to carbon
monoxide, pre-activated thermal vacuum mannerusing Angren coal, the potential for which runs into
billions of tons.
The advantage of Angren brown coal, from achemical point of view, lies in the fact that unlike
many, regardless of their belonging to the categoriesof “stone” or “brown,” the inorganic part is very richin elements VIII-group of the periodic system. This
helps show active catalytic properties in many
reactions of chemical transformation of substances
other than deserves special attention of the
distribution of inorganic substances evenly
throughout the volume of the coal particles that very
effectively influence the chemical conversion of coal.
Thus, the catalytic effect of metal oxides VIII group of
the periodic system is a thermochemical process ofcatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide Angren carbon
preactivated thermal vacuum method.
It is known that carbon dioxide emissions per one
mesoscale permanent installation vary in the rangeof 10–1000 tons/year. At the same time, this productcan be used successfully on a higher skilled level as araw material for the synthesis of the products ofmany industries. Chemical reactions on the basis ofcarbon dioxide have been studied more thansufficiently in the past centuries. The only existing
obstacle appeared regarding the consumption
processes. Due to the successful implementation
already in many countries, generating energy fromalternative and renewable sources, the scheme wasput forward by us and is close to realization.
The scheme for obtaining carbon dioxide from thegas mixture is carried out by a known scheme, whichtakes place in the industry of the Republic of

Uzbekistan (former “Chirchikelektrohimprom”—now
the JV “Maxam Chirchik”) carbonate-bicorbonant
method. The resulting trade carbon dioxide is
reduced to carbon monoxide pre-activated bythermal vacuum Angren coal. The process of thermal
vacuum activation geometric fractions Angren brown
coal provides:
1. Cleaning of the residual moisture;
2. The increase in the porosity of pellets;
3. Conversion of the metal compounds to the oxideform, which intensifies the catalytic activity.
This temperature range may vary in the range of
300–450 0°C and a carbon dioxide transmission rateof flow through a fixed bed of activated carbon isthermal vacuum to 5 tys.chas-1. When the above
conditions are met, the conversion reaches up to
78–82% and the two-stage transformations achieved
the maximum result. Schemes of chemical reactions:
C + CO2 → 2CO
CO + H2O → CO2 + H2O
Based on the work produced in the period 2004–2015
we put forward the first version of the scheme
recycling components greenhouse emissions.
This work is currently being carried out by thecreative scientific and technological staff of theinstitute, which achieved certain results, stimulating
development directions at the pilot level.
Further development in this direction stimulates theself-direction of “Alternative energy with improved
environmental characteristics.”
Thank you for your attention!!!

77

Session 2
Success Stories in Sphere of
Ecotechnology Practice

Mr. Alisher ALIMBAEV
Coordinator of Component “Development of Energy Efficiency (EE)
Capacity,” Project Coordination Unit (PCU) under Ministry of
Economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Dr. Shinichiro OHGAKI
President, Japan Water Research Center,
Professor Emeritus of The University of Tokyo

Dr. Anvar ANARBAEV
Chief of Laboratory, Institute of Energy andAutomatization Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan

Mr. Kunio NAKAJIMA
Vice President, Honda Foundation
Adviser of Japan Bioindustry Association

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Mr. Alisher ALIMBAEV
Coordinator of Component “Development of Energy Efficiency (EE) Capacity”
Project Coordination Unit (PCU) under Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Session 2

Success Stories in Sphere of Ecotechnology Practice

Alternative Energy—
The Factor of Improvement of the Environment
environmental problems were present. Due to theindustrial, agricultural and domestic activities of man
constantly changing physical, chemical andbiological properties of the environment, many ofthese changes have been very unfavorable.

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  The highlights of the main factors contributing to theaccelerated development of alternative energy
sources in the world are:• ensuring energy security;• conservation of stocks of own energy resources for
future generations;• commitment to preserving the environment andensuring ecological safety;• the solution of social problems, improving thequality of life.

Ecology is one of those topics, which recently received
much attention. The proof of this is the fact that thisproblem—the problem of ecology is covered in the
media every day, causing a strong reaction from society,and the restrained comments of experts and scholars.
Since the beginning of civilized society,80Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Life does not stand still. Every day brings something
new, and the discoveries of scientists are changing
the world around us. Especially distinguished in thisregard, in engineering, construction and other areas
affecting the human mind, there are new and uniquedevelopments.
Modern technology is based on energy consumption.
Moreover, resources, as we know, are not limitless.
And they are consumed more and more each year.
That is why the international community is actively
engaged in energy saving, so that future generations
do not have to suffer because of our present
wastefulness.
Experts believe that the current situation can bechanged by more efficient use of traditional energy
sources and an increase in the use of alternative,
renewable energy sources (RES).
To date, despite the obvious benefits of using
alternative energy sources, which are available inalmost every country, their implementation is slow
enough. In addition, one of the main reasons for thatis still the rather high cost of electricity obtainedusing renewable energy.

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>3:=? ?0=8B,D?:;=0A09?27:-,7B,=8492 G#=:.0>>0/8,9@=0-,=/,9/:?30=B,>?0>,=0@>0/,>10=?474E0=49
,2=4.@7?@=0 &34>307;>?:=0/@.0?30@>0:1.3084.,710=?474E0=>=0/@.492
?307:,/:9?302=:@9/B,?0= 	
  	
  
	
  

Biotechnological methods are an example of effective
control over the environment.
Production of biogas to prevent methane emissions.
The methane impact on the greenhouse effect is 21
times stronger than that of CO2 in the atmosphere andis 12 years. Capturing methane is the best short-term
way to prevent global warming.
Processed manure, bard and other wastes are used as
fertilizer in agriculture. This reduces the use of chemicalfertilizers, reducing the load on the groundwater.
Note that biogas is quite a cheap ecological fuelderived from waste. And so this line of alternative
energy, which does not require major funding, isdeveloping intense interest. It uses wood and othervegetable and organic waste, including meat andpoultry. Upon their biological conversion, the productis biogas and high-quality environmentally friendly
fertilizer. Note that this area is important not only interms of energy production. Perhaps even more value
it represents from an environmental point of view, as asolution to the problem of waste disposal.

..:=/492?:B:=7/>?,?4>?4.>
?30 7,=20>? .:9?=4-@?4:9 ?:
?30 27:-,7 >?=@.?@=0 :1 ?30
,7?0=9,?4A0 >:@=.0> :1
090=2D.@==09?7D,..:@9?1:=
-4:2,>>:@=.0> ;0=.09?
090=2D ,9/ B,?0=   
;0=.09?  &30 >3,=0 :1 >:7,=
090=2DB49/,9/20:?30=8,7
0 9 0 = 2 D  , . . : @ 9 ?  1 : =
=0>;0.?4A07D ;0=.09? ;0=.09?,9/ ;0=.09? 	  	  4:2,>4>;=:/@.0/1=:8:=2,94.=08,49>,?,.0=?,49
?08;0=,?@=0,9/3@84/4?D.:9/4?4:9>-D-,.?0=4, 9.0=?,49
.,>0>?:49.=0,>0?30D407/:1-4:2,>49?30:=2,94.84C?@=0
4>,//492>;0.4,77D2=:B9-,.?0=4, 	  	  &30;=:.0>>4>.,==40/:@?49>;0.4,7.:9?,490=> -4:=0,.?:=>1@=?30=4>;@=4140/2,>,9/.:770.?0/49,>;0.4,7
>?:=,20.:9?,490= 2,>3:7/0=> 

According to world statistics, the greatest
contribution to the global structure of the alternative
sources of energy currently accounts for biogas
sources, 76 percent energy and 17.6 percent water.
The share of solar energy, wind and geothermalenergy are respectively 0.8 percent, 1.2 percent and3.7 percent.

&30;=:.0>>4>.,==40/:@?49>;0.4,7.:9?,490=> -4:=0,.?:=>1@=?30=4>;@=4140/2,>,9/.:770.?0/49,>;0.4,7
>?:=,20.:9?,490= 2,>3:7/0=> G
>B077,>9,?@=,72,>-4:2,>.,9-0@>0/1:=.::6492
070.?=4.4?D,9/?30=8,7090=2D1:=3:?B,?0=,9/30,?492,9/,>74<@4/8:?:=1@07> 	
  	
  Biogas is produced from an organic matter at aparticular temperature and humidity by bacteria.

81Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

In certain cases, to increase the yield of biogas, anorganic mixture of specially grown bacteria is added.
The process is carried out in special containers—
bioreactor. Further purified gas is collected in a
special storage container—gas tanks.

1 – 8,9@=0>@8; 5 – biogas
2 – pump
6 – gas holder
3 – biogas reactor 7 – 2,> -@=90=
4 – B,>?0;=0.4;4?,?0 8 – ?30=8,7090=2D

law entitled “On measures to stimulate theconstruction of biogas plants in the livestock andpoultry farms of the republic.” That law says, basedon the implementation during the 2008–2014 yearsof the pilot projects for the construction of biogas, forplants in farms testing capabilities were tested forwide-scale practical implementation of biogas plants
and the use of biogas energy.
According to the document, such banks as“Hamkorbank,” “Turonbank,” “Qishloq Qurilish Bank,”“Halk Bank,” “Ipak Yuli,” and “Uzpromstroybank” wererecommended to provide their initiators for theconstruction of biogas plants loans at an interest rate
not above the refinancing rate of the Central Bank, aswell as being in charge of organizing the issuance ofgrants for the creation of biogas plants.

9 – 070.?=4.,749>?,77,?4:9
10 – electric energy
11 – ?30=8,7090=2D

As with natural gas, biogas can be used for cooking,electricity and heat energy for hot water and heating,as well as liquid motor fuels.

92090=,749=0.09?D0,=>49?30 .:@9?=D <@4?0 >@..0>>1@77D
48;70809?0/ , 9@8-0= :1
;=:50.?> :9 ?30 @>0 :1 -4:2,>
;7,9?> 1:= 49/0;09/09? ;:B0=
1 , = 8 >  ) 0 = 0 . = 0 , ? 0 / ? B :
/08:9>?=,?4:9 .09?0= B30=0
49?0=0>?0/ 09?0=;=4>492 ;0:;70
.,9 20? ,.<@,49?0/ B4?3 ?30;:>>4-474?40>,9/,.340A0809?>:1
-4:2,>;7,9?> 	  > , B3:70 B4?349 ?30
1 = , 8 0 B : = 6 : 1 ? 3 0 , - : A 0
809?4:90/ ;=:50.? 4> ;7,990/ ?:
-@47/;47:?-4:2,>;7,9?>49?30
=0;@-74. 49.7@/492  >8,77 
80/4@8,9/:9049/@>?=4,7# 	  	
  &:,.?4A,?0?30B:=6:949?=:/@.?4:9:1-4:2,>?0.39:7:2D49
'E-064>?,90>?,-74>30/.::;0=,?4:9B4?31:=0429;,=?90=> :=
0C,8;707,@9.30/,;=:50.?:1?307:-,79A4=:9809?,.474?DB4?3
?309?0=9,?4:9,70A07:;809?>>:.4,?4:9 &30;=:50.?1:=?30
49?=:/@.?4:9:1090=2D>,A492?0.39:7:240>,9/,7?0=9,?4A0090=2D>:@=.0>4>,77:.,?0/,-:@? 84774:9/:77,=> 	
  	
  &3048;70809?,?4:949:@=.:@9?=D:1?307:-,79A4=:9809?
,.474?D,480/,??30/0A07:;809?:1?309,?4:9,7-4:2,>8,=60?3,>
8,/04?>;:>4?4A0,/5@>?809?>49?305:- 	  8;:=?,9?=:7049?34>-07:92>?:?300.=00:1,-490?:1
494>?0=>"980,>@=0>?:>?48@7,?0?30.:9>?=@.?4:9:1-4:2,>
;7,9?>49?3074A0>?:.6,9/;:@7?=D1,=8>:1?30=0;@-74.B34.3
>,D>?3,?-,>0/:9?3048;70809?,?4:9/@=492?30
D0,=>
:1?30;47:?;=:50.?>1:=?30.:9>?=@.?4:9:1-4:2,>;7,9?>491,=8>
.,==40/:@??0>?492.,;,-474?40>B4/0;=,.?4.,748;70809?,?4:9:1
-4:2,>;7,9?>,9/?30@>0:1-4:2,>090=2D 	  In general, over the past years, the country quite
successfully implemented a number of projects on theuse of biogas plants for independent power farms. It
created a two-demonstration center where interested
enterprising people can be acquainted with thepossibilities and achievements of biogas plants.
The farm “Milk Agro” in Zangiota, an area of themetropolitan area, specializing in the production ofmilk and meat, has benefited from innovativeequipment. BGP was set here when booting 5–7 tonsof waste has the ability to produce 300 cubic metersof gas, 30 kW of electricity and a certain amount of
bio-fertilizer per day. The generated energy is spenton the personal needs of the farm, which significantly
reduces costs. It also contributes to the reduction of
production costs. A similar unit is installed in the farmand “Hope” farm, located in the Syrdarya region. In
general, within the framework of the aforementioned

To activate the work on the introduction of biogas
technology Uzbekistan established cooperation withforeign partners. For example, it launched a projectof the Global Environment Facility with theInternational Development Association (IDA). The
project for the introduction of energy saving
technologies and alternative energy sources wasallocated about 12.7 million dollars.
The implementation in our country of the Global
Environment Facility, aimed at the development of
the national biogas market has made its positive
adjustments to the job. An important role in thisbelongs to the Cabinet of Ministers, as stated in the82Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

project, it is planned to build 33 pilots of biogas
plants in the Republic, including 25 small, 7 medium
and 1 industrial BGP.

	
   	
   	
   	
   :A0=9809? >@;;:=? 49 48;=:A492 090=2D

0114.409.D ,9/ /0A07:;492 ,7?0=9,?4A0
090=2D >:@=.0> B477 .=0,?0 , >D>?08 :1
49.09?4A0> 1:= ;=:/@.0=> ,9/ .:9>@80=>
,480/ ,? ?30 49?=:/@.?4:9 :1 >@.3
?0.39:7:2D ?30 2=,/@,7 1:=8,?4:9 :1 ,>@>?,49,-70,7?0=9,?4A0090=2D8,=60?,9/:1 .:@=>0 3,A0 , ;:>4?4A0 48;,.? :9 ?30
09A4=:9809?.	
  	
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!:?
Tipes

=:>>

Technical

,=90/?:,
?0.394.,7

0,7

31,0

Hidroenergy

9,2

2,3

%:7,=90=2D

50973,0176,8)49/90=2D

2,2

0,4

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B,?0=
Total

1,6
176,8

0,2

50,0

0,5

4:8,>>

,=90/


0,2
0,5

0,2

0,0

0,0

50993,8

182,3

0,7

0,4

181,6

The state support of improving energy efficiency anddeveloping alternative energy sources will create
incentives for producers and consumers, aimed at
the introduction of such technology. Thus, thegradual formation of a sustainable renewable energy
market, of course, will have a positive impact on theenvironment.

&!*"'"$
&&!&"!	
  	
  

83

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Dr. Shinichiro OHGAKI
President, Japan Water Research Center
Professor Emeritus of The University of Tokyo

Session 2

Success Stories in Sphere of Ecotechnology Practice

Ecotechnology for Water Infrastructurein Big Cities
That is the content. First, we are now facing two
major changes. One is a structural change, it meansthat it is urbanization or climate change or otherfactors. Another one, unpredictable changes. These
are the disasters or hazards. And after that, in thesecond part I would like to introduce some measuresagainst these changes. And finally, the third one is aconclusion.

Honda Foundation – CCSTD
International Symposium in Uzbekistan
Innovation for Sustainability
May 14, 2016

Eco-technology for water infrastructure
in big cities
OHGAKI, Shinichiro
President, Japan Water Research Center
Prof. Emeritus, The Univ. of Tokyo(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

1

Thank you very much Mr. Arimoto and good
afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. My presentation title
is “Ecotechnology for water infrastructure in big cities.”
So it is related to water infrastructure development.

Structural change 1:

Urbanization

Contents
1. Two major changes of our world- structural changes(©2016 S. Ohgaki)(urbanization, climate change, ------)

The first one is about urbanization.

- unpredictable changes(disasters, ------)

2. Measures against these changes
3. What we learned from experience(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

2

84

3

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

1925(after a tremendous earthquake in Tokyo in 1923)

World urban and rural population, 1970-2050
World is faced with both urbanizationand population density decreasing.
7(UN)

Saitama:8 p/ha

9.3 million

urban

Population (billions)

Total Population in This
Area

Tsukuba:3 p/ha

402 p/haTaito-ku:402 p/ha

Chiba:5 p/harural
Yokohama:15 p/ha

Fujisawa:6 p/ha
N

0
1970

2050
50km

4

(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

This is the data of the United Nations and World
Urban and Rural Population Trend. You can easily see
the urbanization of local and rural areas whose
population has decreased all over the world. And I
show you the history of 90 years in Tokyo.

(©2015 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by Prof. Okata, cSUR 2003-2008, UT)7

Next is 1925, just after the tremendous earthquake inTokyo, 1923. But the structure of the population
density is still the same as 5 years ago.

1947
(after World War II andheavy bombing to Tokyo downtown in 1945)
Saitama:18 p/ha

194 p/ha

URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF A CITY

Total Population inThis Area
12.3 million

Taito-ku:194 p/ha

History and prediction of Tokyo (1920-2050)
Population density and spatial distribution(facts of 90 years and 2050 prediction)

Chiba:8 p/ha

Yokohama:20 p/ha

Fujisawa:14 p/ha
N

Tokyo Area50km(©2015 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by Prof. Okata, cSUR 2003-2008, UT)8This is 1947, that is just after World War II and Tokyosuffered heavy bombing in its downtown in 1945. By
the way, I was born in 1947.

5

That is, how to change the structure of Tokyo.

2005

1920
Total
Populationin This Area
Tsukuba:3p/ha

Saitama:7 p/ha

Max. pop. density = 436 p/ha

Tsukuba:7 p/ha

35.6 million

200 p/ha

8.2 million

Taito-ku:436 p/ha

Nakano-ku:200 p/ha

Chiba:4 p/ha

Chiba:42 p/ha

Yokohama:15 p/ha

Yokohama:89 p/ha

Fujisawa:6 p/ha

Fujisawa:61 p/ha
N

50km

Total Population inThis Area

Saitama:66 p/ha

N

50km

(©2015 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by Prof. Okata, cSUR 2003-2008, UT)6

This is 1920, that is Tokyo area plus neighboring
prefectures. The total population is 8.2 million
people living there. And very concentrated urban
central areas existed.

(©2015 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by Prof. Okata, cSUR 2003-2008, UT)9After around 60 years, that is 2005, I’ve become an
old man and this is entering into a senior generation.
Anyway, Tokyo’s structure has perfectly changed
during the last 60 years, that is economic growth and85

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

also, mainly, expansion of the railway system ofTokyo. The central area’s population density
decreased but it spread to outward.

2000

1950

History of Groundwater level in Tokyo

2050 (Projection)(After 2011.3.11 earthquake at Eastern Japan)
Saitama:73 p/ha

176 p/ha1965

Total Projected Populationin This Area
31.2 million

Nakano-ku:176 p/ha

- Control of the drawdowning groundwater table
by Industrial Law and Building Law
12- Alternative water from Industrial Water Works(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

Chiba:37 p/ha

This is data of the history of the groundwater level inTokyo from 1950 to 2000. And you can see, after 1965,
the groundwater level went back many places in theTokyo area. Could you look at the red color, redletters? This policy is done by control of the drawing
groundwater table by industrial law and building law.
Another one is an alternative water supply and wasdone from industrial water works. This method
stopped severe reduction of the groundwater level.

Yokohama:82 p/ha

Fujisawa:53 p/haN

10(©2015 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by Prof. Okata, cSUR 2003-2008, UT)This is a projection in 2050, we assumed around 31
million, a little bit smaller than now. But the structureof the population is all the same.
So already, Japanese speakers explained this morning
about the 1960s or 1970s public nuisance or mattersrelated to that economic growth.

0m

1950
l

2000
l

Land subsidence
In Tokyo-1

one of negative phases:
Urbanization causes land subsidence-2-Urbanization means increase of water demandfor households, industries and business activities.

-3-As the first stage of urbanization , groundwater ismost convenient water resources for all demand.

-4(This experience
has led Tokyo torestrict
groundwater use.)-In the case of geological alluvial plain like Tokyo
area or Bangkok, excess drawing fromgroundwater causes land subsidence.
(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

1900
l(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

1965

Success to stop
13
subsidence

So from this situation, ground subsidence stopped in
1965. Of course, the level has not rebounded, but juststopped. And you can see the left hand side bottom,
this experience, ground subsidence, has led theTokyo metropolitan authority to restrict groundwateruse; it continues today. The Tokyo metropolitan
authority reviews it very strictly.

11

And so that is another negative phase I will introduce
here. Urbanization caused ground subsidence.
Urbanization means increase of water demand forhouseholds, industries, and business activities. As afirst stage of urbanization, groundwater is the mostconvenient water resource for all demands from theviewpoint of quality and amount. In the case of ageologically alluvial plain like Tokyo area or like
Bangkok of Thailand, excess drawing fromgroundwater causes ground subsidence. Maybe thisis different here but this is a good reference related tothe environment policies.

86Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

ground monitoring stations. This is an introduction tothese activities.

- Urbanization shows dynamic phases.
- Many unpredictable disorders have occurred
and will occur.

GHG Monitoring System with Satellite, aircraft, ship andobservation tower (NIES)

We have to understandthe complicated structure of urbanization,andwe have to implement effective policies.

Commercial Ocean Liner（
Southern Cross）

Commercial Air Liner (JAL)14(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

Urbanization shows dynamic phases and many
unpredictable disorders have occurred and reoccurred.
And from this, we have to understand the complicatedstructures of urbanization totally or interactively and wehave to implement effective policies.

Pasoh(CO2 Flux)GOSAT (IBUKI)

Monitoring Network over Ocean, Land and Atmosphere(©2016 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by NIES)17

Not only by the ground, observation is done by ship,by airplane or by satellite. That is, the CO2 or othergases are observed by this institute.

Long-term CO 2 trend in Japan

Structural change 2:

Ochi-ishi Station

Global Climate Change
Hateruma Station

15(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

Please visit to :NIES website :real-time CO2 data

I would like to move on to global climate change.

Hateruma monitoring station
24o3’14”N, 123o48’39”E
Tower height 39m(©2016 S. Ohgaki. Original photo by NIES)

Cape Ochi-ishi monitoring station
43o9’34”N, 145o30’5”E
Tower height 55m
Air intake height 96m(GL)18This is the data, as you know very well, that CO2
long-term trend is like this, this is almost the sameacross the country. It is increasing.

Greenhouse Gases Monitoring in Japanby National Institute for Environmental Studies

Air intake height 46.5m(GL)18(©2016 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by NIES)

16
16

This is a greenhouse gas monitoring in Japan by thenational institute of environmental study. One islocated at the Hokkaido area to the north andanother is near the Okinawa area to the south, two87Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

hateruma

N2O

CH4

Ochi-ishi

N2O: Tohjima et al.(2000),
Chemosphere-Global Change Science.

Deviation from the average during 1981-2010 (mm)Long term N2O and CH4 trend
HaterumaOchi-ishi

CH4: Tohjima et al.(2002),J. Geophys. Res.

(©2016 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by NIES)

19

Average of precipitation
during 1981- 2010(©2016 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by JMA)

21

Deviation from the average during 1981-2010 (mm)This is an annual precipitation or rainfall of Japan in
the last 110 years. Vertical axis shows deviation fromthe average during the 1981 to 2010. It looks like that
one. The green one is larger than the average and theyellow one is less than the average.

(IPCC WG1 AR5) Sep. 2013
E.2 Atmosphere: Water Cycle
Changes in the global water cycle in response to thewarming over the 21st century will not be
uniform. The contrast in precipitation between wet anddry regions and between wet and dry
seasons will increase, although there may be regional
exceptions (see Figure SPM.8). {12.4, 14.3}
Extreme precipitation events over most of the mid-latitude
land masses and over wet tropicalregions will very likely become more intense and more
frequent by the end of this century, as
global mean surface temperature increases (see Table
SPM.1). {7.6, 12.4}• Globally, it is likely that the area encompassed bymonsoon systems will increase(Red colored by Ohgaki)(気象庁ＨＰより）(Meteorological Agency,
Japan)

国内51地点での年降水量偏差（基準値に対する偏差で、mmであらわす）を平均した値、太線（青）：偏差の5年移動平均。基準値は1981〜2010年の30年平均値。
出典：http://www.data.jma.go.jp/cpdinfo/temp/an_jpn_r.html

19

Not only the CO2 gas, NO2 gas on the left hand side isincreased in the atmosphere. On the right hand side,methane CH4 also increased. So this matter is a very
effective gas for global warming. Of course if we havea volcano eruption, or the sun changes its activities,
in such case warming stops and cooling sometimes
occurs. We cannot tell, but the content of theatmosphere’s air is now dramatically changing.

(©2016 S. Ohgaki.)

Annual precipitation of Japan(気象庁ＨＰより）
Increasing extreme cases of annual precipitation

1994-Drought
国内51地点での年降水量偏差（基準値に対する偏差で、mmであらわす）を平均した値、太線（青）：偏差の5年移動平均。基準値は1981〜2010年の30年平均値。
出典：http://www.data.jma.go.jp/cpdinfo/temp/an_jpn_r.html(©2016 S. Ohgaki. Original graph by JMA)

22

After 1998, it’s like that, it means a kind of flooding isincreasing and drought is increasing. Especially the 1994’s
drought was a big problem in the west side of Japan.

20

From these data, including other countries’ data, theinternational panel of climate change, IPCC, reported
about water cycle; could you see the red color? The
contrast in precipitation between wet and dry
regions and between wet and dry seasons will
increase. It means dry and wet, specially or, timely, adifferent season becomes peak. And they say it will
increase but actually it has already increased.

Measures against
shortages in water resourcesand droughts
in urbanized area(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

23

So how do we conduct measures against shortage inwater resources and droughts in urbanized areas?

88Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Reclaimed Wastewater Use for Toilet Flushin Skyscrapers and Tokyo City Hall, Shinjuku, Tokyo

Rain water harvesting(since 1984)
Shinjuku Area

Kokugikan 国技館(SumoWrestling Stadium)

Daily use: 20.9 m3 (70% of total)
Tank capacity: 1,000 m3
For toilet flushing / coolingwaterTokyo Dome (Baseballstadium)
Daily use: 186.3 m3
Tank capacity: 1,000 m3
For toilet flushing

Ochiai Sewage Treatment Plant
24

27(2016 S. Ohgaki)

This is a rainwater harvesting, the big roof is a
wrestling stadium or a baseball stadium and theygather water for toilet flushing.

This area is supplied from sewage treatment plant for
toilet flush water and that is since 1948. This is a kind of
a big system for toilet flushing in the business areas.

Landscape regeneration using reclaimed wastewaterin TokyoSupply Destinations of Reclaimed Waterfrom Shibaura Wastewater Treatment Plant (Since 1997)

Osaki

ShinagawaShiodome

Nobidome yousui

For Urban
Water Reuse

Tamagawa jyosui

Senkawa jyosui

1965--1986

ToiletFlushing

1986 -- present
Shibaura WTP

Dry upPicturesource:MitakaEducationTMG
CentrePicturesource:Bureauof Sewerage,(Ceramic membrane
technology)

25

This is another landscape regeneration. The dried up
river is regenerated by waste water reuse or reclaimed
water use for caves scenery.

Road
Sprinkling

Train
Washing28(2016 S. Ohgaki)More a little bit of the newer one, from 1991, in the
Shinagawa area the Shibaura wastewater treatment
plant has been covering the Osaki or Shinagawa,Shiodome business center areas. That wastewater
treatment plant introduced the ceramic membrane
technology, a new one, and so they supply this one.

Shinjuku Skyscrapers and Tokyo City Hall

Social Background of reclaimed
wastewater reuse for urban use- Daytime Population:in the 23 Wards of Tokyo (central area of Tokyo)

Resident population about 8,500,000
Daytime population about 11,711,000+ 2,800,000(based on 2010-Census)

26- Regulation: Developers must introduce
wastewater reuse system to buildings morethan total floor space 10,000 m2

This is the Shinjuku skyscraper area and Tokyo city halls.

(2016 S. Ohgaki)

29

What is the social background of reclaimed waste

89Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

water reuse for urban use in Tokyo? I will show you
two. The top 1 is daytime populations. In the perfectly
central area of Tokyo, the residential population isabout 8.5 million people but there are many businessoffices and so every day, about 2.8 million people
come from the areas nearby. And they use the toilet.
In the daytime only they use much water. So this is the
background. And another one, a more straightforward
background, is regulations. And the developers must
introduce a wastewater reuse system to buildings in
the Tokyo areas with more than a total floor space of
10,000 square meters. 10,000 square meters buildings,
not so big ones. So many building developers have to
introduce these systems.

Unpredictable changes:

Disasters

31(2016 S. Ohgaki)

I would like to move to the unpredictable changes
about disasters.

(NIES)

Technological background: Energy for Wastewater Reuse
Potential energy +0.27

Treatment energy required for
drinking water quality level (kWh/m3)-Clean water at altitude 100 m

0
- 0.5

-Groundwater-100 m-River Good Quality-River Poor Quality-Drinking Water
at Sea-Level

Reclaimed
Water

Act.Sludge
Treatment
Effluent-1

Raw Sewage-2-3

Seawater

・海抜１００ｍの清浄な湧水ーー発電などエネルギー取得が可能
・地下水位１００ｍの地下水ーー揚水エネルギーと消毒が必要
・質の良い河川水ーー凝集・砂濾過・消毒が必要(ＬＣＡ評価値）
・やや質の悪い河川水ーー凝集・砂濾過・高度再生処理が必要 (ＬＣＡ評価値）
・活性汚泥処理下水処理水ーー高度再生処理が必要
・下水ーー活性汚泥処理＋高度再生処理が必要
・海水ーーＲＯ膜による淡水化が必要（エネルギー回収を想定）

32

32

注：高度再生処理＝オゾン、活性炭、各種膜処理など

Various Water(Ohgaki; Innovation Courier, vol.2, 2008.11.15)
30

Disaster Waste (indirect impacts to society)(2016 S. Ohgaki) Wastes generated by the quakes（”quake wastes”）
 Wastes generated by the tsunami（”tsunami wastes”）
 Tsunami deposits （mud, sand, sludge, sediment）
 Evacuation waste Fish waste Wastes contaminated with radioactive nuclides (i.e., 137Cs)

Maybe everybody asks about wastewater reuseneeding much energy, but I would like to show you
this. The vertical axis is the treatment energy requiredfor drinking water qualities. If it is low, it means muchenergy is needed for drinking water from that water.
For example, on the left hand side, you can see about
0.5 is for the river quality water or river water, a good
one needs about 0.5 kilowatt hour per cubic meters.
But compared to this, if we want to make drinking
water from raw sewage, in that case, around 1.5 or 2
kilowatt hour per cubic meters is needed. In the caseof sea water, the energy required for desalination is, I
plotted about 3, but actually, 3.5 is a very ideal
condition. So it means, if people accept to drink thereclaimed wastewater, drinking water made from raw
sewage is cheaper and easier than the seawater. Thatis the situation.

(NIES, Japan)
33

The greatest was Japan’s earthquake in 2011, and I
would like to say it was just a tremendous, terrible
event.

90

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Some measures against
unpredictable changes
Kobe City (1.5 million p.)

34(2016 S. Ohgaki)

So we have to consider some measures against
unpredictable changes.

HANSHIN-AWAJI EARTHQUAKE 1995.1.17
通勤途上の風景（1月17日）阪神高速倒壊(An earthquake directly
above
its epicenter)(2016 S. Ohgaki)37(by courtesy of Matsushita, Kobe City)

I would like to go back to another Kobe City’s aspect.
The population is 1.5 million and the Hanshin Awaji
earthquake in 1995 had its epicenter in the
downtown area. It means that just below the city was
the center of the earthquake.

Kobe is a long city and there are two pipelines, bigpipelines. They constructed a third one. This is thevery deep place, over 60 meter depth and this isalmost finished, and they have 3 pipelines formeasures against earthquake.

The Tashkent earthquake in 1966 had almost the samestructure. Water supply systems were broken like this.

It uses another new science and technology for pipes.
That is, the pipe is very elastic to survive against
earthquakes. They call it the Earthquake Resistant DIP.

91

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Water Supply Network in Tokyo
Tokura Dam
Yagisawa Dam

Naramata Dam

Raw Water Channels
Water Purification Plants

Kuriharakawa Dam

Fujiwara Dam
Aimata Dam

Sonohara Dam
Tonegawa riv.

Yatsuba Dam

Shimokubo Dam

Takizawa Dam

Ozaku

Watarasegawa riv.
Watarase Res.

Misat
o

Higashimurayama

Kasumigaura

Arakawa riv.

Kanamachi

Urayama Dam

Arakawa Res.

Yamaguchi Res. Murayama Res.
Ogouchi Dam

Asaka/Misono

Kusaki Dam

Sakai

Tamagawa riv.

Kinuta/Nagasawa Kinutashimo

Dams
In operation
under
construction

Sagami Dam© S.Ishii, COE Project, Tokyo University

2000

20 km

Shiroyama Dam(2016 S. Ohgaki)

Sagamigawa riv.

(by courtesy of Sasaki, JWRC)
40(2016 S. Ohgaki)

Modified from the source: Bureau of Waterworks, TMG

In the case of Tokyo, there are three main water
resources.

In 1980, the network was expanded, 2000 was like this.

Re-Networking of Transmission Mains
for Security and Rehabilitation
in Drinking Water Distribution (around φ 1800 mm)

Asaka/Misono
Ozaku

Misat
o

Higashimurayama

Higashimurayama

mountainous region

suburbs

Down town

Kanamachi

Sakai
Kanamachi

Sakai
Nagasawa
Kinuta/Nagasawa Kinutashimo

Water distribution station
Transmission main

Purification plant
Water distribution station

Under construction

1960

Transmission main

Kinuta/Kinutashimo

Purification plant2015(by courtesy of Sasaki, JWRC)(2016 S. Ohgaki)(by courtesy of Sasaki, JWRC)(2016 S. Ohgaki)

Last year, almost finished, that is 2015, the pipeline
was like this. If some trouble occurs or pipes get
broken, they send water from any place inside ofTokyo, which is its system design.

And they are re-networking the transmission main.
This is the main pipeline for security and rehabilitationin drinking water distribution.
They started in the 1960s, each pipeline is about 1.8
meter diameter.

What we learned from these experiences:
For the unpredictable change:-To invest in preventive measuresagainst disasters

Asaka/Misono
Ozaku

Higashimurayama

Sustainable healthier
CITIES
Risk-resilient
Regenerative

For the structural change:
Kanamachi
Sakai

Nagasawa

CITIESin the20th Century

Kinuta/Kinutashimo-To understand holistically the city
-To apply new S&T to urban design and services-To introduce environmental viewpoints tothe policy (save energy, conserve ecosystem,
save materials and save water)(©2016 S. Ohgaki)

1980

45

These are final figures as conclusion, and what wehave learned from this experience or these measures
will be discussed. One is, we are now in cities of 20th
century, but we are now in the 21st century, and weare intending to have sustainable healthier cities, or(by courtesy of Sasaki, JWRC)(2016 S. Ohgaki)

92

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

risk-resilient cities or regenerative cities and for this,the ecotechnology is important. And so for the left
hand side, for the unpredictable change, to invest in
preventive measures against disasters is the mostimportant investment to unpredictable changes. On
the right hand side, for the structural change, tounderstand holistically the cities is important. I show
you the groundwater level around subsidence, urban
area structure is very complicated socially andnaturally, so we have to understand it holistically. The
second one is to apply new science and technology
to urban design and services without any delay,
which means service speed is important. The third
one is to introduce environmental viewpoints to thepolicy. Already many people touched upon this one.
Save energy, conserve the ecosystem, save materials,
save water.
I think there are different situations in different
countries, different cities, different backgrounds,
different natural conditions, or different indigenous
histories. But, I think that with some exchange of
information between different cities, we may getmuch useful information.

Thank you for your attention

Rahmat46

Thank you for your attention. Rahmat.

93

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Dr. Anvar ANARBAEV
Chief of Laboratory,
Institute of Energy and Automatization Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan

Session 2

Success Stories in Sphere of Ecotechnology Practice

Prospects for Environmental Technologies in Rural
Areas of Uzbekistan Using Solar Energy Installations
cold time of the year to grow crops, and vegetable
stores to keep them preserved.

For large consumers of fuel and energy resources inagriculture include greenhouses and vegetable
stores. Thus in the conditions of the Republic of
Uzbekistan with its large solar energy resources in
the production of 1 kg of greenhouse vegetables
requires the consumption of 4 to 10 kg fuelequivalent energy, accounting for about 50% of theannual cost of the farm. At the same time, instorages in storage for 6 months, 100 tons ofpotatoes consumed for cold production 360 ÷ 400
thous. KW × h, which is actually about 70% of thetotal amount of electricity consumed

Senior researcher of laboratory “Renewable energy
sources” of Institute of Power engineering andautomation Uzbek academy of sciences
Anvar ANARBAEVDear colleagues,This report will present the developments ofenvironmentally friendly technologies for agriculturein Uzbekistan, which are carried out within theframework of scientific and technical programs inrecent years.
The importance of such developments is the factthat agricultural production is fundamental to
Uzbekistan, where about 60% of the population
lives in rural areas. Usually in these remotesettlements, energy is carried outwards throughpower lines, as well as by a supply of fuel, which isvery expensive. In this case, it is advised to use
stand-alone power supply systems based on
renewable energy sources, especially solar energy.
First of all I will address in this report the issues of fueland energy resources in solar greenhouses, allowing

Large consumers of fuel and energy resources inagriculture include greenhouses and vegetable
stores. Thus, in the conditions of the Republic of
Uzbekistan with its large solar energy resources, theproduction of 1 kg of greenhouse vegetables
requires the consumption of 4 to 10 kg fuelequivalent energy, accounting for about 50% of theannual cost of a farm. At the same time, in storage for6 months, 100 tons of potatoes consumed for cold
production 360 ÷ 400 thous. kW × h, which is actually
about 70% of the total amount of electricity
consumed.

94

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2¨at the combined version of the vegetable store - solar
greenhouse with recycling waste heat with heat pumpis possible to reduce energy consumption for heating
solar greenhouse at night to an average of 35-40%.

This slide shows installation of a solar-heatedgreenhouse in the Tashkent region using an air heatpump with a backup power source used inphotovoltaic systems.
At the combined version of the vegetable store, asolar greenhouse recycling waste heat by a heatpump is possible to reduce energy consumption forheating a solar greenhouse at night to an average of
35–40% of previous cost.
It is advisable to use heat pumps, use of which
prevents emissions into the environment from fuelboilers and which consumes 3 times less electricity
than conventional heating.

Especially promising use of the heat pump for thecomplex “solar greenhouse-vegetable store.” Thisslide shows the heat extraction circuit heat pumpfrom the vegetable store and transferring it into asolar greenhouse. This allows efficient use of reverse
cycle heat pump.
Cooling chamber 1 with the stack 2 of horticultural
products is cooled by the heat pump evaporator 3, 4,
the selected heat emission, and heat ventilation
respiratory products in vegetable storage. Then,
refrigerant vapor is compressed in the compressor 5
and becomes overheated. The capacitor 7 is
immersed in the tank—heat accumulator 8, where
the refrigerant vapor condenses and water is heated
to 50–60 °C, the refrigerant returns through thethrottle 6 to a liquid state. It pre-enters the storagetank 8 by the heat of the water which is heated bysolar collectors 9 through the heat exchanger 11.
After it is heated to a temperature of the heat pumpevaporator 7, 90–100 °C, it enters the heating device
12 and solar greenhouse 13 with a glass roof 10, thenthe centrifugal pump 14. It is fed through line 15 backto the heat accumulator tank 8.

Driving heating solar
greenhouse

Indicators

SystemThe system"solarheated by the greenhouseboiler
vegetable store”
with heat pump

Annualdemand in thegreenhousethermal energy in mJ
Natural gas, thousand melectric power, kW × h

23595018635,811000

23595028140

Затраты,долл.СШАв год наnatural gas
electricity

1215
615
1830
-

1565
1565
275

Total
Annual savings in energy costs, US $Cooling chamber 1 with the stack 2 of horticultural products is cooled by the heat pumpevaporator 3, 4, the selected heat emission and heat ventilation Respiratory products invegetable storage. Then, refrigerant vapor is compressed in the compressor 5 andbecome overheated. The capacitor 7 is immersed in the tank - heat accumulator 8, where
the refrigerant vapor condenses and water is heated to 50-60 ° C, the refrigerant returns
through the throttle 6 to a liquid state. Pre-entering the storage tank 8 by the heat of thewater is heated by solar collectors 9 through the heat exchanger 11. After it is heated to atemperature of the heat pump evaporator 7 90-100 ° C enters the heating device 12 solar
greenhouse 13 with a glass roof 10, then the centrifugal pump 14 It is fed through line 15
back to the heat accumulator tank 8.

The table shows the results of the evaluation of theeconomic benefits from the use of the heat pumpmodule solar greenhouse of 200 m2 at the expense offuel and energy resources.

95Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2









In small towns, the water for consumption is taken from irrigation
canals for drinking, cooking. Currently, in the Republic to 24.0% of
agricultural water supply does not meet sanitary requirements.
To be safe for consumption, the water should be boiled. In thevillages, there are problems with electricity. Due to the remotenessof the traditional settlements for the urban environment methods
to accomplish this task is impossible for economic reasons.
To address these challenges and developed schemes opredelnie
technical parameters of the system based on low-cost technology
of UV systems with electricity from renewable energy sources photovoltaic systems.
On average, a person needs for normal life to consume 3.8 liters ofwater a day. In the design for water supply purposes it was madefor each person 7.6 liters per day, to ensure the required supply
and to guarantee the decontamination process is stopped due tothe days of the solar energy disadvantage. The minimum level ofwater was to produce 1900 liters per day. This was based on anassessment of the consumption of about 250 residents in thevillage.

UV sterilizer and control systems consume about 20 watts forcontinuous system requires minimal power consumption of 480
watts per hour a day.
The system uses photovoltaic modules of 200 watts peak.

The next environmental technology is a method of
disinfecting water by ultraviolet radiation. Compared
to chemical treatment with chlorine to remotecommunities such a compact low power system canreceive the necessary electrical energy fromphotovoltaic systems.
In small towns, the water for consumption is takenfrom irrigation canals for drinking and cooking.
Currently, in the Republic, up to 24.0% of the
agricultural water supply does not meet sanitaryrequirements.
To be safe for consumption, the water should beboiled. In the villages, there are problems withelectricity. Due to the remoteness of the traditional
settlements, it is impossible for economic reasonsfor the urban environment methods to accomplish
this task.
To address these challenges, schemes utilizing
opredelnie technical parameters of the system basedon low-cost technology of UV systems withelectricity from renewable energy sources—
photovoltaic systems have been developed.
On average, a person needs for a normal life toconsume 3.8 liters of water a day. In the design forwater supply purposes it was made for each person
to consume 7.6 liters per day to ensure the required
supply and to guarantee the decontamination
process which is liable to stop due to the solar energy
disadvantage. The minimum level of water toproduce was 1900 liters per day. This was based on
an assessment of the consumption of about 250
residents in the village.

This slide shows development of a scheme of power
supply installation of water UV disinfection with thehelp of photovoltaic systems and their energy
parameters.
UV sterilizer and control systems consume about 20
watts for a continuous system and require minimal
power consumption of 480 watts per hour a day.
The system uses photovoltaic modules of 200
watts peak.

7
1

2

3

4

5

comprises pipeline 1 forfeeding the contaminated water,
the intake valve 2, pressure
8
sensor 3, the solenoid valve 4,
an electromagnetic cleaner 5,
the counter 6 of the filteredwater quantity, UV chamberwith an ultraviolet lamp 7, a
purified water storage tank 8.

6

9

4

10

5
7

11

You may see the general scheme of water disinfection
technology at the expense of filtration and UV
irradiation, for which a patent application was filed.
It is comprised of pipeline 1 for feeding thecontaminated water, the intake valve 2, pressure
sensor 3, the solenoid valve 4, an electromagnetic
cleaner 5, the counter 6 of the filtered water quantity,
UV chamber with an ultraviolet lamp 7, and a purified
water storage tank 8.

96

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

UVlampIdsoil

The current situation of agricultural sector requires the use of new environmentallyfriendly technologies of cultivation of grain, vegetable and melon crops. One suchtechnology is the activation of pre-sowing seed by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV
irradiation of seeds provide with positive effect on increasing crop yields, increasing theirresistance to various diseases and adverse climatic factors (including drought, salinity).
The high processing efficiency depends on the use of special UV - emitters andautomation control, and controlling the intensity of radiation flow.

Comparison of UV and free chlorine in
disinfecting viruses containing groundwatershows that UV Radiation- Decontaminating more
effective than free chlorine,In the laboratory the apparatus of disinfection of adrinking water system was assembled andexperiments were conducted.
Comparison of UV and free chlorine in disinfecting
viruses contained in groundwater shows that UV
Radiation-Decontaminating is more effective thanfree chlorine.

Position
Photovoltaic battery

Quantity
4

260

1040

3

172,5

517,5

Inverter

1

361,3

362

Installation of photovoltaic panels

4

45

180

Installation of accumulators

3

22,5

67,5

Setting up the inverter

1

90

90

Adjustment of the powertransformer

1

60

60

Setting up the controller

1

20

20

Conducting cable

2м

3,0

6,0

Adjustment of automation andprotection devices

1

UV lamp filters

Another economically attractive use of UV irradiation
in a different wavelength range is to stimulate thegrowth of plants (seeds during the growing season)
without the use of chemical fertilizers. Experiments
have been conducted in many parts of the country,
which showed that even in the face of drought andsoil salinity, cotton yield increased by 20%. Such workis carried out regarding Japanese rice cultivation.
The current situation of the agricultural sector requires
the use of new environmentally friendly technologies
for cultivation of grain, vegetable, and melon crops.
One such technology is the activation of pre-sowing
seed by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV irradiation ofseeds provides a positive effect on increasing crop
yields, increasing their resistance to various diseases
and adverse climatic factors (including drought andsalinity). The high processing efficiency depends on
the use of special UV emitters and automation control,and controlling the intensity of radiation flow.

Unit cost, US dollar The total cost in US$
dollar $Batteries

82
850

82
Total:I0

3275

The slide shows the required investments that show
the economic attractiveness of the use of such
facilities for the rural population. And there is nowater contamination by chemicals.

Different varieties of cotton
Improvingнеобр. UV необр UV необр. UV indicators, %treat .
treat
treat
ment
ment.
ment
.
Germination,%
germinationenergy,%

72

93

71

90

72

92

21 - 22

70

72

69

73

92

79

3-5

Productivity,
kg / ha

22

37

23

35

39

39

35 - 40

Presowing UV - seed treatment also has a positive effect on increasing the yield of other crops, melons andvegetable crops. Since processing of UV irradiation of wheat seeds increases its yield by an average of 30%,
corn - 40% Barley - 10%, peppers - 65%, eggplant - 50% Cucumber - 30% sugar beet - 25 %, melons andwatermelons - 30%. Along with this UV radiation seed treatment has a positive effect on improving the sugar
content, vitamin C, carotene, etc. Furthermore an accelerating ripening agricultures 3 -. 15 days.

Pre-sowing UV-seed treatment also has a positiveeffect on increasing the yield of other crops,
especially melons and vegetables. Processing of UV
irradiation of wheat seeds increases its yield by an

97Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

average of 30%, corn 40%, barley 10%, peppers 65%,
eggplant 50%, cucumber 30%, sugar beet 25 %,melons and watermelons 30%. Along with this, UV
radiation seed treatment has a positive effect on
improving the sugar content, vitamin C, carotene, etc.
Furthermore, an accelerating ripening agricultures
3–15 days is achieved.

Specific advantages UV-LEDs
The emission spectrum narrowКПД, %The power
consumption for thesame output power ofradiation, W / hTime work power (onand off the device)
Service life, hours
Harmful substances

Radiation in
the infrared (IR)Working

Using low voltage (12 Volt) UV LED allows temperature, °Сelectricity from photovoltaic systems
installed on the tractorof electric shock complements the energy obtainedin the usual way during photosynthesis.
Further PV modules can be employed directly, as
shown in the photograph, for stimulating thedevelopment of the root system of the plant. To dothis, energy storage of solar radiation and its return atnight is needed.

UV lamps
wide

15÷20
0,5÷1
100÷400 1000÷4000

0,1 sec.

2÷3 min.

40 000÷
60 000No

600÷1000No
25÷30

Traditional systems of microclimate in animal areas
in dry and hot climate of the republic include onlymeans for supply air heating heaters fueled by hotwater, usually from the local boiler farms.
To create an artificial climate in different objects
consumes up to 10% of primary energy annually
produced in the Republic Therefore, along withmachine methods of creating artificial microclimate
appropriate to use natural cold sources.
Advanced technical solutions in air conditioning
systems is to provide a low-cost low power
installations in the form of evaporative cooling air
chamber irrigation water.

Emitting
ozone during
operation
Most of theradiation in
the infrared
600÷800

The development of such systems based on UV LED
lamps makes the development of this technology
even more ecological, because the absence of suchlamps, as evident from the graph of the infraredcomponent, negatively affects the development of
the plant. At the same time, lamp power
consumption is reduced up to 6 times which makes
effective use of photovoltaic electricity and it iscompact enough to install such systems on tractors.

Another environmental technology on which wewould like to draw your attention—it is used tocreate a climate in livestock evaporative coolinginstallations complexes instead of energy-intensive
compressor systems.
Traditional systems of microclimate in animal areas indry and hot climate of the Republic include onlymeans for supply of air heating heaters fueled by hotwater, usually from the local boiler farms.
To create an artificial climate in different objects
consumes up to 10% of primary energy annually
produced in the Republic. Therefore, along withmachine methods of creating artificial microclimate it
is appropriate to use natural cold sources.
Advanced technical solutions in air-conditioning
systems are to provide low-cost low-power
installations in the form of evaporative cooling air
chamber irrigation water.

If we strengthen the growth of
the root system, the upper partof the plant would have followed
suit and the same amount would
be increased. Weak electric
current actually promotes root
development and, consequently,
the growth of plants. Suchstimulation of electric shockcomplements the energy
obtained in the usual way during
photosynthesis

If we strengthen the growth of the root system, theupper part of the plant would have followed suit andthe same amount would be increased. Weak electric
current actually promotes root development and,
consequently, the growth of plants. Such stimulation98

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

exchanger is calculated with a flow rate through the
air of 160 m3/h, in the cold—200 W (Patent of the
Republic of Uzbekistan 2016).
Further development of two-stage evaporative air
cooling systems is expected in the creation of
independent power supply based on solar
photovoltaic cells.

With an increase in air
temperature in dwelling animals overhe
ating zone animal bodyoccurs and they
reduce food consumption, whichleads to a drastic reduction
inproductivity. Yearround work climate systems
in animal holding rooms should ensure
the maintenance in the area of theirhabitat parameters of
air approaching or meeting theconditions of preservation of optimal
biological activity.

This is important because of the fact that at hightemperatures during the summer, domestic
livestock no longer consumes enough forage andproductivity falls.
With an increased temperature in dwelling animals,
an overheating zone in the animal body occurs andthey reduce food consumption, which leads to a
drastic reduction in productivity. Year-round climate
systems in animal holding rooms should ensure themaintenance in the area of their habitat parametersof air approaching or meeting the conditions ofpreservation of optimal biological activity.

Thank you for your attention!

Compared to the power consumption of refrigerant compressors to drive fans andpumps in the proposed installations requires up to 10 times and, unlike existing towers
up to 6 times less water flow through the apparatus.
Developed at the Institute of Energy and Automation two-stage cooler with rotary
regenerative heat exchanger is calculated flow rate through the air 160 m3 / h, in thecold - 200 W (Patent of the Republic of Uzbekistan 2016).
Further development of the development of two-stage evaporative air cooling systems is
expected in the creation of independent power supply based on solar photovoltaic cells.

This slide shows development at the Institute ofEnergy and Automation, Academy of Sciences of
Uzbekistan laboratory installations, which received
a patent.
Compared to the power consumption of refrigerant
compressors to drive fans and pumps, the proposed
installations require up to 10 times and, unlike
existing towers, up to 6 times less water flow throughthe apparatus.
Developed at the Institute of Energy and Automation,a two-stage cooler with a rotary regenerative heat99

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

Mr. Kunio NAKAJIMA
Vice President, Honda Foundation
Adviser of Japan Bioindustry Association

Session 2

Success Stories in Sphere of Ecotechnology PracticeTama River’s Pollution and Purification about
These 50 years
1basin is 4.3 million, which is twice as large as that of
the city of Tashkent. The area up to 50 km from themouth of the Tama River is a plain field and theupper-stream area is mountain valleys.
By the way, rivers in Japan are short in length andtheir basin areas are small. The Tonegawa andShinanogawa Rivers, big rivers by Japanesestandards, have a length of less than 400 km, which is
far shorter than the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers
whose lengths are more than 2,000 km. People andfactories are concentrated in the 50 km downstream
part of the Tama River. On the north side of the rivermouth is the Haneda Airport and on the south side is
the Keihin industrial area, which is a big industrial
complex. All sorts of industries, including steel, petrochemicals, automobile, and electric/electronics, arelocated in this area. Hamura city is located in an area
50 km away from the mouth of the Tama River. Here,water from the upstream is taken in by a dam andstored as drinking and industrial water in a reservoir,
which is located separately from the Tama River.

Tama	
  River’s	  Pollu0on	
  and	
  Puriﬁca0on	
  about	
  these	  50	  years	
Kunio	  Nakajima	  Vice	
  President,	
  Honda	  Founda7on	
  	

公益財団法人

本	
 田	
 財	
 団	
 

2 1-­‐1.	
  Tama	  RiverAround	  1972	

2006	

平成18年	

Oﬃce	
  of	
  Keihin	
  Rivers,	
  Ministry	
  of	
  Land,	  Infrastructure,	  Transport	
  and	
  Tourism	

The Tama River is a river which runs from north-west
to south-east of the Tokyo Metropolis. The
downstream of the river constitutes the border
between the Tokyo Metropolis and Kanagawa
prefecture. The length of the river is 140 km and its
basin area is 1,250 km2. The present population in the100Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 2

3 1-­‐2.	
  Tama	  River

5 2-­‐1.	
  1-2. Transitionof Urban
Area Along
Tama
River

Transi1on	
  about	
  these	
  
50	
  
years


Bureau	  of	
  Waterworks,	
  Tokyo	
  Metropolitan	

Kawasaki	
  City	

多摩川の水質�
6 2-­‐2.	
  1-2. Transitionof Urban
Area Along
Tama
River
�
Transi1on	
  about	
  these	
  
50	
  
years
�

This dam was built approximately 350 years ago andis still in operation. Therefore, the downstream areafrom Hamura city onwards basically consists of riverwater from tributaries and water discharged fromresidents and factories.

Tama	
  River	
  when	
  its	  pollu0on	
  was	  serious	

Oﬃce	
  of	
  Keihin	
  Rivers,	
  Ministry	
  of	
  Land,	  Infrastructure,	  Transport	
  and	
  Tourism	
  1-2. Transition
Urban
4 1-­‐3.	
  
Tama	
  of
River
 Area Along Tama River

Bureau	  of	  	
  Environment,	
  Tokyo	
  Metropolitan	
  Government	
  	

Tama	
  River	
  in	
  1956	

Among residents, there were people who not only
discharged contaminated water but also dumped
useless solid waste in the riverbed. In the 1970s, as
laws concerning pollution were prepared, thoserelated to water quality were drastically changed andthe related regulations were consolidated. Based on
this, regulations on water discharged from enterprises
were reinforced. On the other hand, along withreinforcement of regulations, the government gavefunding support, tax breaks, technical advice, etc.
pertaining to preventative measures for contaminatedwater. Furthermore, based on the Sewerage Service
Act, the government financially supported the Tokyo
Metropolis and Kanagawa prefecture, which led to theconstruction of wastewater treatment plants andsewerage in the Tama River basin. Waste treatment
plants were also constructed and this facilitated solid
waste treatment including solid waste fromwastewater treatment plants. Methods of cleaning
clothing changed substantially during the rapid
economic growth period. The change was from“manual cleaning using soap” to “electrical washingmachine using detergent.”
The talk between detergent manufacturers and thegovernment led to a transformation from a detergentTama	
  River	
  in	
  1984	

Geospa0al	
  Informa0on	
  Authority	
  of	
  Japan	In the 1960s, Japan changed its economic policy, toone emphasizing “rapid economic growth.” The
Tama River was also changed by the implementationof this policy.
First, along with the rapid economic growth, “massproduction, mass consumption, and mass disposal”
was brought about. Second, concentration of
population began to affect the Tama River basin. As
both individuals and society were not familiar withthe consequences of mass disposal, the quality of thewater in the Tama River rapidly deteriorated. Before
then, people could swim and engage in fishery evenfar downstream in the Tama River.

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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9 3.	
  1-2.TTransitionoday of Urban Area Along Tama River

which was difficult to decompose in water to a
detergent which decomposed easily, and this solved
the problem of bubbles and foam in the river
although not as directly as the regulations andgovernment support did. In Japan, rivercontamination is measured in BOD (biochemical
oxygen demand).

Since	  the	
  survey	
  has	
  started	
  in	
  2006,	
  2012	
  reached	
  a	
  record	
  high	  of	
  2.85	
  million	
  of	
  running	
  Ayu	
Survey	  Point:	
  13.2	
  km	
  mark	  	  	  from	  outlet	
  ≪Number	
  of	
  running	
  Ayu≫	  約2.85 mil.

7 2-­‐3.	
  1-2. Transitionof Urban
Area Along
Tama
River

Transi1on	
  about	
  these	
  
50	
  
years

(1978)	
(1978)	
(1992)	
(1992)	
(1967)	
(1967)	

(1989)	
(1989)	

In Japan, the existence of “ayu” (a river fish 20–25 cm
in length) in a river is often viewed as criteria for
determining whether that river is clean or not. 40 to
50 years ago, “ayu” disappeared from the Tama River.
Today millions of “ayu” swim in the river. This is a
cause of great happiness. Through preparation andimplementation of laws and regulations, building ofwaste disposal plants and sewerage, as well aschanges in composition of detergents, etc.,
purification of water was mostly achieved over a
period of 30 to 40 years. 30 to 40 years may havebeen too long a time for this change to take place.
However, it is difficult to solve such problems withina matter of few years due to the difficulty inacquiring necessary land in a short period of timeand securing the tremendously large budget. Had
the river constituted not a border between
prefectures, but a border between countries, even asolution over 30 years or 40 years would have beennearly impossible. From now, not only relying on
administrative actions, citizens in the surroundingarea should come to have a more enhanced view of
the Tama River. Fortunately, at present no fewer than
20 NPOs are actively engaged in activities in various
fields. Stronger ties between the administration andthe residents are sought after through information
sharing and other means.

(1973)	
(1973)	
(1968)	
(1968)	

根川	

浅川	
野川浄化施設	

大栗川	

(1969)	

(1992)	

10	
  Sewerage	
  Systems	

(1971)	
(1971)	

＊number	
  of	
  parentheses:	
  year	  when	  opera0on	
  started	(1982)	
(1982)	

Oﬃce	
  of	
  Keihin	
  Rivers,	
  Ministry	
  of	
  Land,	  Infrastructure,	  Transport	
  and	
  Tourism	

8

As Slide 7 and 8 show, contamination progressed not
only in the lower basin but also in the upper basin.
However, after the turn of the century, environmental
standards began to be met thanks to the positiveeffect of wastewater treatment plants and sewerage.
That more than 90% of the Japanese people
regarded themselves as “middle-class citizens” isproof that the rapid economic growth policy was
highly evaluated by the citizens (around 1970–1992).

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10

Thank	
  you	

103

Session 3
Future of Advanced Environment Technology(Future infrastructure with introduction oftechnological innovation)

Dr. Sirojiddin MIRZAEV
Chief of Unit, Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies

Dr. Hirohisa UCHIDA
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor of Tokai University

Dr. Sharafitdin MIRZAAKHMEDOV
Director of Centre for High Technologies

Mr. Takashi MORIYA
Senior Chief Engineer, Honda R&D Co., Ltd.

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

Dr. Sirojiddin MIRZAEV
Chief of Unit, Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies

Session 3

Future of Advanced Environment Technology(Future infrastructure with introduction of technological innovation)

Resource Efficient Technologies and Materials for
the Construction Industry
for new materials, which continues up to these days.

MOTIVATION

Resource efficienttechnologies and materials
for thebuilding industry

President Islam Karimov’s resolution “On Additional Measures to Enhance theLocalization of Production of Final Goods, Component Parts and Materials on theBasis of Industrial Cooperation” (2009)

Uzbekistan building industry statistics

Sirojiddin Mirzaev
Institute ion-plasma and laser technologies
Academy of sciences of Uzbekistan

Basic indicators of the industry of building materials:*Industrial production, billion Soums: 401.6 (2005) 2719.2 (2012)*Cement, thous. Tons: 5067.9 (2005 ) 6823.5 (2012)*Precast concrete structures and products, thous. m3: 594.2 (2005) 914.8 (2012)*Blocks door and window assembly, thous. m2:139.2 (2005) 233.5 (2012)

Ladies and Gentlemen, guests of the Uzbek-Japan
Symposium!
Today, there were many interesting reports reflecting
all the diversity and complexity of the issues andproblems of environmentally friendly technologies.
When we talk about the future of environmental
technologies in the field of the environment, first thingthat we imagine is people who built their own houses.
Thus, construction activity started with the appearance ofhumankind on the earth at the beginning of his emergence.
It could confidently be asserted that primitive homes
meet all ecological requirements, located next to trees
and foliage and other materials, most of which arerenewable raw materials. However, they did not meetthe requirements of human comfort and then began
a rapid development of construction and the search

Investments in fixed capital billion Soums*Building: 27.3 (2005) 508.1 (2012)*Construction work billion Soums: 1453.1 (2005)

11311.8 (2012)

Basic indicators of the industry of building materials
Industrial production, bln. Soums. 401.6 (2005) 2719.2(2012)
Cement, thous. tons of 5067.9 (2005) 6823.5 (2012)
Precast concrete structures and products,
thous. m3 594.2 (2005) 914.8 (2012)
Blocks door and window assembly, thous. m2 139.2(2005) 233.5 (2012)
Investments in fixed capital billion soums,
Construction 27.3 (2005) 508.1 (2012),
Construction work bln. UZS.
1453.1 (2005), 11311.8 (2012)
There raises a question, how does a professional physicist

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effect the problems of the construction industry in general?
Engine of the advanced technology is an everincreasing requirement of a humankind. The creatorsof these technologies are the major researchlaboratories and scientists.
In Uzbekistan, the process started with the Presidentof Uzbekistan’s Decree from December 1, 2009 #PP-1236 “On additional measures for deepening of
localization of production of finished products,
components and materials based on industrial
cooperation,” on the basis of deep processing of local
mineral resources, involvement in the production
process of large waste and innovative developments.

The multi-component mixture based on porous vermiculite forfire protective coatings
Development is based on the unique properties of the local mineral raw material vermiculite. Fire-retardant coating composition: expanded vermiculite modified
vermiculite, vermiculite concentrate, concentrate, dry sodium silicate, kaolin.

The composition forms a coating of water vapor on the surface in different
temperature ranges and thus protects the surface of the fire. The compositionof the mixtures used in the building, as well as for the treatment of metal
surfaces.

Thermophysical properties

Vermiculite mineral ore andexfoliated vermiculite

It is a hydrated magnesium-aluminum silicate and may contain 20% water.
It expands greatly when heated at high temperatures (400-900˚С). The obtained
product is called exfoliated vermiculite – a non-combustible, chemically inert,
lightweight, highly absorbent and non-reactive material. When exfoliation occurs,vermiculite considerably expands its volume - from 5 to 10 times. When subjected
to cooling, it retains its volume owing to the numerous minute air layersinterleaved between the tiny mica ore-flakes.

UNIQUE PROPERTIES OF VERMICULITE

We are actively involved in the search process andthe creation of new materials with predetermined
properties and presented new developments in the
Republican Innovation Fair. As a developer, I am
interested in promoting the new knowledge-basedmaterials on the market and, therefore, studying
the entire process from the stage of development
and production. Analyzing all experience in
Uzbekistan and many years of experience gained
from working together with colleagues from
Germany, I would like to introduce to your attention
an opinion on the development of futuretechnologies in the construction industry and ourdevelopments in this area.

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process—planning and design, the actual stage of
construction projects, their subsequent
reconstruction, as well as repair and maintenance, it
was not able to adequately respond to the serious
problems resulting from rapid urbanization andsustainable growth of our civilization.
The process of diffusion of new technologies andinnovative solutions in this highly fragmented
industry is seriously hampered because somedevelopers do not have sufficient economic
incentives and financial resources for unhindered
access to the “collective technological knowledgebase” industry as a whole and further the effective
practical application of these new technologies.

Lagging implementation-multipartite industry;-low investment (case of UK):building-£18 mln;
agricultural sector- £ 140 mln;
automobile industry – £1,1 bln;
pharmaceutical products- £ 4,4bln;
The total volume of produced products world building
Industry - 4,6 trillion USD

The construction industry has traditionally beenamong the most conservative sectors of the modern
economy, the pace of implementation of the various
technological innovations is significantly behind theaverage pace of the global economy as a whole.
The relatively low efficiency of the constructionindustry compared to most other sectors is largely
due to its multicast industry, different segments ofwhich have a high degree of autonomy in relation toeach other, while the overall level of system integrationof these components, in particular in the sub-sector
housing is negligible. In addition, this “slowinnovation” of the construction industry as a whole isalso linked to the fact that it, in turn, is built toughenough to even wider value chain created by the realestate market, which does not stimulate radical
technological innovation. One of the most tangible
manifestations of this technological conservatism is avery low level of investment in research anddevelopment in the construction industry, comparedto other industrial sectors. Here, in this regard, only
one illustrative example of a statistic is that, according
to the UK Office for National Statistics, in 2009 the total
investment in the UK construction companies for only
research was £18 million, compared to, even clearly
not for the innovative agribusiness - £140 million, in
the automotive industry - £1,1 billion, and in thepharmaceutical industry - £4.4 billion in small
generalizing to the above illustration we will referfurther fragment from a recent case study of thefamous American economist Robert Eccles: “Despite
the enormous scale of production capacity and thegeographical range of the global construction industry(in 2007 the total volume produced by world building
industry products totaled $4.6 trillion), which broadly
brings together all aspects of the construction

Waste production volumes with very highenergy efficiency (USA and EU)
The construction of buildings is one of the most material-consuming
sector:- construction waste about 60% of the total volume of industrial solid
waste;- construction industry as a whole consumed 70% of the electricity
produced in USA;- the source of 38% of atmospheric emissions of carbon dioxide;- building and construction activities worldwide consume 3 billion
tons of raw materials each year or 40 percent of total global use;

- natural raw materials is belong to the category of non-renewable
resources;- the level and quality of construction should ensure that conserve

resources, including providing high thermal insulation and soundinsulation, meet the requirements of fire safety.

Energy47% of the use energy is used for theheating of a building

Emissions

45% of the CO2-Emissions are related to thebuilding sector

Material

29% of the ecological rucksack are related tothe building sector
Ca. 75 % of the total amount of waste are
related to the building sector

The real “talisman” of the industry is also enormous
amounts of waste products in conjunction with a very
low energy efficiency and extremely high level of totalenergy consumption. For example, in the UnitedStates, at the beginning of the new millennium,
construction waste accounted for about 60% of total
non-industrial solid waste, with the American
construction industry as a whole consuming 70% of
the country’s electricity and is the source of 38% of108Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

atmospheric emissions of carbon dioxide. On averageof the total cost of construction work in the industry,
according to some estimates, about 30% comes froma variety of “non-economic factors,” such as
manufacturing faults and mistakes, unused materials,
underutilization of the labor force, and so on.
A similar critical issue of the EU: At present, the various
buildings and facilities account for about 40% of totalenergy consumption in Europe and almost a third of
total CO2 emissions in the region. At the same time, theEuropean construction industry as a whole consumes
every year millions of tons of non-renewable natural
resources and produces 22% of the total volume ofindustrial waste. A number of different factors dictate
the need for radical reform of the construction industry
today. The domination of the industry over the years
established production methods and processes, andthe inertia of its legislative regulation imposes serious
restrictions on the introduction of more efficienttechnologies and solutions.
Nevertheless, in spite of all the above-mentioned
serious problem areas, to talk about the constructionindustry as a chronic and hopeless outsider innovation
would be, in my opinion, not so correct.
At the very least, quite widespread in the pseudoscientific circles is the view/myth that the constructionindustry over the last century has not changed muchand still, for the most part, using heavily outdated
technologies and materials. This is hardly the case.
Moreover, even if we take as an example of its formallymost conservative component, housing, despite thefact that most of the new homes are still being built,“old-fashioned,” rather than prefabricated modular
principle, virtually all the key components of theconstruction process (as used in basic construction
materials, and field trips) have undergone over the past
decade a very significant transformation. In addition,
the overall positive effect of the latter to reduce
production costs and reduce the average time of the
production cycle of construction work is undeniable.
In particular, we need only briefly mention thatwhich has become customary in the industry
technologies, circuits and elements as massive
panel, the universal application of a variety of
insulation, and of insulation materials and products,
wall panels, factory assembly supporting structures,or, finally, much more energy-efficient window

frames and doors compared to the very recent past.
If we talk about the construction industry as a whole,this may also be in the continuation of this theme. We
can cite estimates of growth of average constructional
strength of the most important materials used in theindustry, given in a recent publication in theInternational Journal of Engineering and Technology:“Over the past 50 years, the strength of structural steel
has increased by 40%, the reinforcing rods - 50%, andconcrete - almost 100%.”
The average rate of technological innovation in theconstruction industry over the past decade has
increased significantly, largely due to the efforts ofexternal economic pressure on it and increased
public attention to various factors related toenvironmental protection, first and foremost, withthe tightening of the requirements for environmental
friendliness and energy efficiency.

Depletion of natural materials
At growth of world production - 2% annually:
Lead and tin deficiency may occur over the next 15 years,
Copper - 20 years,
Iron ore and bauxite - after 60-65 years.
Depletion stimulated trends:
Trend first. Environmentally friendly new materials
Trend second. Energy efficiency
Trend third. Saving effort and costTrend fourth. Increased safety and reliability

Another very important factor, which should assist in
the next few decades, a decisive effect on the rate oftechnological renovation industry, could become aprogressive depletion of a number of non-renewable
natural materials, widely used in the global
construction industry. Thus, according to estimatesprovided by the specialists of the US Geological
Survey, subject to maintaining the current averageannual growth rate of world production (about 2% peryear), already during the life of the next two or three
generations earth supplies of many major metals andminerals are practically exhausted: a sharp deficit inlead and tin may occur over the next 15 years, copper- 20 years, iron ore and bauxite - after 60–65 years. In
light of these alarming predictions, this begs an
obvious conclusion for a single construction industry,109

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

which boils down to the need to implement it in avery limited time frame of full-scale reorganization of
the main production processes, in particular, finding
a rapid reduction in the specific consumption of themechanisms underlying commodity materials andsharply increasing efforts to develop alternativetechnological solutions, and the creation of newmaterials. In other words, the notorious “House of the
Future” for quite objective reasons will have to be not
only much more energy and resource efficient, butalso, in many cases, should be completely changed to
become “material filling” integrating a number ofimportant elements/components.
The growth of new developments.
However, according to the most optimistic experts
construction industry, in the first of the new century,
for a decade there was a massive surge in thedevelopment and introduction of new materials andtechnologies, and many of these innovative materials
and products are very interesting and promising forthe future use of the industry’s physical and chemical
characteristics. In addition, there has appeared
additional incentive to outline a radical technologicaltransformation in the building materials sector inrecent years of steel and various factors related toenvironment management. As a result, now acrossthe whole industry, there is even a certain surplus ofpromising technological capabilities.

meter of the product. Such a huge volume of concrete
produced by mankind and its mass distribution in theconstruction industry, among other things, make thismaterial an essential element, which is clearly marked inrecent years of the process accelerating the “greening”
of building materials. Although concrete, in principle,
can not be considered a high pollution material, such alarge scale of production of concrete (more precisely, its
key chemical component—Portland cement), annuallyaccounts for between 5 to 10% of total emissions ofcarbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The second key
area of research aimed at increasing the efficiency anduseful properties of concrete is searching for mechanisms
and ways to reduce specific energy consumption
during production and subsequent operation.

Light transmitting concrete

Concrete

Concrete produced annually in the world, a total of
about 7 cubic kilometers, for each inhabitant of the
Earth had more than 1 cubic meter of the product.
Future of concrete:
Eliminate the use of Portland cement;
Light transmitting concrete;
Flexible concrete;
Organic concrete;
Adding nanoscale particles to the concrete.

Organic concrete- Decrease usage of Portland cement, either diluting
it with a variety of natural and/or artificial additives(e.g., fly ash), if any, or replacing traditional Portland
cement with other materials, the production ofwhich requires much less heat;- “Flexible concrete” which is allegedly 500 times
more resistant to cracking in comparison withconventional concrete and approximately 40%

Concrete—the second total consumption of humancivilization (after water) substance, in other words, it is themost actively used artificial material. Therefore, in the
middle of the last decade, about seven cubic kilometersof concrete was produced each year in the world, i.e.,each inhabitant of the earth had more than 1 cubic

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lighter than the latter, different and more increased
durability, i.e., retain their essential properties
approximately twice longer than normal concrete;- (Organic concrete) this exotic concrete type isessentially a hybrid combination of organic andinorganic materials to naturally grow on its surface
various types of living vegetation: because theconcrete will retain its water, it can be used as a kindof “energy batteries,” it feeds water to green
vegetation in the dry season;- Technical University of Budapest establishedtranslucent (light transmissive) concrete. This new
type of concrete consists of fine concrete with a 5%
fiber glass additive. Dosed concrete impregnation
fiber glass allows enough sunlight available (up to
20-meter-thick walls) to pass from the outside into
the room, and from the inside out;
- Adding to the concrete nanoscale particles of quartz
dust (fine silica powder) allows achievement of asignificant increase in the durability of concrete
structures exposed to various chemicals;- The inclusion of small amounts of concrete (1%) ofcarbon nanotubes improves the mechanicalproperties of the concrete;- A recent study of hematite nanoparticles (hematite,
Fe2O3) has also demonstrated that the addition ofthese particles has at last made the concrete
become significantly more durable.

with the help of computers. Companies are mainly
sold on the market as ‘package solutions,’ standard
housing complexes assembled at the factory inaccordance with a pre-selected customers plan andtransported in virtually finished form directly to theplace of assembly.”

Conclusions
1. The driver of new materials are more advanced are the end users whoneed housing and commercial properties with improved environmental,
energy-efficient features that enhance the quality of life in general.
Innovative demand from users is actively supported by the design andarchitectural organizations.
2. To promote the new materials is extremely important legislative andregulatory government pressure on the construction industry as a whole, as
well as the implementation of innovative technologies by large publicprojects.
3. Issue of innovative materials all the more voluminous is happening on
the territory of Uzbekistan, primarily due to the establishment of
production of large foreign companies - world industrial and technologicalleaders. Promotion of the latest domestic developments in need ofstimulation and state support, so they are used in small amounts.

Conclusions
1. In terms of application materials, Uzbekistan is still
lagging behind the developed countries,
developing within the framework of global
technological trends, such as environmental
friendliness, energy efficiency, optimization of theconstruction process.
2. The drivers of demand for new materials which are
more advanced are the end users who needhousing and commercial properties with improved
environmental, energy-efficient features thatenhance the quality of life in general. Innovative
demand from users is actively supported by thedesign and architectural organizations.
3. To promote the new materials, we need to havenecessary legislative and regulatory governmentpressure on the construction industry as a whole,as well as the implementation of innovativetechnologies by large public projects.
4. Development of innovative materials is happening
more voluminously in the territory of Uzbekistan,
primarily due to the establishment of production
facilities by large foreign companies—world
industrial and technological leaders. And,
promotion of the latest domestic developments isin need of stimulation and state support.

Finally, the average pace and scope of technologicaladvances in the industry will largely depend on theextent and speed of the transition to automatedmethods of construction and the mass introductionof robotics and technologies with minimal humanintervention. So, many of the experts today concurthat one of the key trends in the coming decades in
the construction industry should be accelerated
transition from traditional technology of erection ofhouses directly on the construction site to theprefabricated modular housing. According to worldrenowned Canadian architect Avi Friedman, even in
the middle of the last decade, “after ten years the roleand functions of housing and construction
companies will be transformed significantly. Houses
will be built in large numbers for the technology,
resembling a car assembly line of standardized
prefabricated or modular components, designed

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Session 3

Dr. Hirohisa UCHIDA
Executive Director, Honda Foundation
Professor of Tokai University

Session 3

Future of Advanced Environment Technology(Future infrastructure with introduction of technological innovation)

Japan’s Energy Policy and Prospects of Hydrogen Energy—Impact on Economy and Environment—
Today, I want to talk about Japan’s energy policy andthe prospects of hydrogen energy in Japan. The firstone is an introduction, “what is nuclear power?” Thisis a very important point to consider if you think
about Japanese energy policy. The second one isJapan’s energy policy and advancing hydrogenenergy towards business and human environment
conscious technology. This is very important toconsider concerning human security andecotechnology.

Japan-Uzbekistan Symposium on Innovation for Sustainability
Tashkent, Uzbekistan on 14th May 2016

Japan’s Energy Policy and Prospects ofHydrogen Energy- Impact on Economy and Environment Prof. Dr. Hirohisa Uchida*
Department of Nuclear Engineering
School of Engineering
TOKAI UNIVERSITY*President and CEO
KSP Inc. (Kanagawa Science Park) / Asian Science Park Association (ASPA)*Honorary Member
Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Materialkunde e.V. (DGM)*Fellow and Vice PresidentInternational Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE)

Thank you very much, Dr. Matsumoto. Now ladies
and gentlemen, I’ll run my power point. I have somuch data and many pictures to share with you.

Displacement of the Japanese Island on the Plates

CONTENTS
1. Introduction=What is Nuclear Power?
2. Japan’s Energy Policy
3. Advancing Hydrogen Energy towards
Business
4. Human Environment Conscious Technology=> Human Security & Eco Technology

So, as you know well, five years ago, we experienced
a big earthquake and now the Japanese island
became deformed, 1 to 5 meters out of place.

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Session 3

But for one week, you can see here earthquake
source depth and magnitude, right?

Tsunami Overpassed Seawallsof the Fukushima No.1 NPPs

Frequency of Earthquake in Japan < 1 month 07 Apr -7 May 2016

Seawall (height: 10m)
Seawall

From the IAEA accident report by Prof. Dr. Kenkichi Hirose, Tokai University,and Special Advisor to METI, Japan, July 2011.
4

And this is Fukushima Daiichi, number 1, nuclear
power plant and there was already an approximately
10-meter high sea wall at that time. But in spite ofthat, an even higher tsunami came over the wall anddestroyed this emergency diesel oil tank. So thecritical emergency function could not work well andthat was the main reason for the meltdown itself. I
would like to show you the actual data.

Magnitude

Depth / km

From : http://weather.excite.co.jp/quake/map/

Frequency of Earthquake in Japan < 3 months 07 Feb -7 May 2016

Frequency of Earthquake in Japan <24h 6 - 7th May 2016
Magnitude

Depth / km

From : http://weather.excite.co.jp/quake/map/

Magnitude

And one month, 3 months. So everywhere in Japan,
you can experience earthquakes. And recently,
especially the Kyushu area one, a very big one.
Depth / km

From : http://weather.excite.co.jp/quake/map/

In Japan, we are experiencing earthquakes everyday
so this is within 24 hours. This is a particular case,between 6th and 7th May.

The Fukushima nuclear accident wasa wake-up call for the Japanese
to rethink energy and energy politics.

Frequency of Earthquake in Japan < 1 week 30 Apr -7 May 2016

So like this, the Fukushima nuclear accident was reallya wake-up call for the Japanese people to rethinkenergy, and energy politics.
Magnitude

Depth / km

From : http://weather.excite.co.jp/quake/map/

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3means of basic research in our material science. As
you can see here, radiation has many diverse
applications. Unfortunately, I don’t have time to
explain it now. For example, think of the particularcase of the radio tire. That would be processed by
gamma ray, too.

Light atoms tend to be heavier by fusion
Heavy atoms tend to be lighter by fission
Binding Energy => Stability of Atoms

HLight H atoms tend to be heavier atoms by fusion
D

Uranium

T
Nuclear fusion
Nuclear fission

Heavy atoms tend to lighterby nuclear fission

Medical examination and treatment by
irradiations of X-ray, γ−ray, positron, heavy ions

The most stable element=Fe

Now I would like to tell you about nuclear
engineering or what is nuclear power. So light atoms
like hydrogen, tend to become heavier by fusion or
on the other hand, uranium, such heavy atoms tend
to become light atoms by fission. This is a typicalradioactive reaction by fusion or fission as to which
direction they will go. The light atoms tend to go toiron and heavy atoms tend to go to iron. Iron is themost stable element on Earth. So nuclear power is
not actually nuclear power generation.

Tokai University Hospital

So if you go to hospital, maybe you have seen X-rays,
gamma rays, positron, and heavy iron treatment
equipment like these. It’s very very important for us.

Nuclear Power = Nuclear Power Generation

Cosmic Radiations
to the Earth Radiation = released particles or electromagnetic
waves when an atom is converted to more stableatoms by fusion or fission reactions1)Electromagnetic radiation = X-ray, γ-ray2)Particle radiation = α(He)-ray, β(e)-ray,
neutron ray
 Diverse Applications of Radiation
1)Electric power generation
2)Nuclear weapons with highly concentrated uranium3)Medical treatment, agriculture, industrial processing4)Space technology for radiation
5)Means of basic researchfrom the Solar andfrom Galaxy

Nuclear power means a very diverse technology.
So I show you the radiation cell, you can understandthere are electromagnetic radiation, X-rays, gamma
rays and particle radiation, alpha rays, gamma andbeta rays, and neutral rays. Using these radioactive
radiation sources, for example, electric power
generation as you all know well, and the second one,for nuclear weapons, too. These sources are also used
for medical treatment, agriculture, and industry
processing too. These markets are also very large andradiation can also be used for space technology. You
must remember this point, too; I’m always telling thisto students. And the last one, this is an important

So our solar system is lying around here.
This is a big galaxy.

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Power Supply Configuration in Japan 2013 METI
108 kWh)(

Effect of active energy conservation policy
and technology

10000

1.

p( 1H:proton) + p(1H:proton) →8000

D( 2H:deutron) + e+ (positron) + ν(neutrino)
2. 2H + p → 3He + γ(gamma-ray)
3. 3He + 3He → 4He + p (1H) + p(1H)Power generation

12000

New & Renewable
1.6%
0.9%
18.3%

Rapid economic growth&
Heavy pollution

LNG

Pumping up

42.5%

6000

4000

Hydro
Coal

Oil

7.5%

Nuclear

2000

27.6%

1.7%
1952
1955
1960
1965
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012

0

The SunTemperature = 15 million K inside and 6000 K outsideYear

And this is our sun. Why is it exhibiting a very hightemperature, 15 million degrees? What’s happening
inside? The inside is undergoing such a fusion
reaction of light particles like hydrogen andhydrogen isotopes. Therefore, we are getting highheat and radiation, too.

As you can see here, power supply configuration in
Japan since 1950 to the present. So now you can see
this point here. Recently, we have had a flat or rather
declining power supply. Why? This is a reflection ofenergy conservation policy and technology withthat effect, I think. And on the other hand, pleaselook at the other side, the left side, you can see
around 50 to 70, what happened at that time? Weburned a huge amount of oil. Yes that was the time
where rapid economic growth for Japan and heavy
pollution were experienced.
Of course, today, you have heard about it many times.

The Latest Japan’s Energy Policy:
Energy Mix Plan in 2030
Renewable Energy = 24%
Geothermal:1% + Biomass:5% + Wind:2%+ Solar:7% + Hydro:9%
Nuclear Power =20 to 22%*)Reactivation of nuclear power plants older than 40 years is needed.

Kawasaki Industrial Areain
Kanagawa Prefecture

Fossil Thermal Power = 56%
LNG:27% + Coal:26% + Oil=3%
METI on 30th July 2015

From: City of Kawasaki
Kanagawa, Japan

Now comes the latest Japan’s energy policy, that is
the Energy Mix Plan, which is envisioned for 2030.
The Japanese government clearly cannot show the
future plan. This is a very complicated situation now
following the nuclear accident. Anyway, the plan puts
renewable energy around 24 percent and nuclear
energy at 20 to 22 percent. But in this case, we should
use older power plants, older than 40 years, and weshould use it, otherwise we cannot achieve the 20%
goal for nuclear power use. As for thermal power, ataround 60 percent, maybe this is very realistic.

Yes, once again, this is a typical pollution case,
Kawasaki where I am working, Kawasaki industrial
area was one of the largest industrial areas in Japan.
This is the Tama River, as Mr. Nakajima explained
before, this is Tokyo and this is the Kanagawa area. So
you have seen today many times the situation in the
50s and 60s.

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H21 system, and this is very interesting. This is solar
photovoltaic type energy, and using this, we candecompose water into oxygen and hydrogen andyou can store hydrogen here, and in case you need it,
you supply this hydrogen to fuel cells. And then you
can keep around 300 people and you can supply
warm water and electricity. This is a typical recent
hydrogen case.
Also, Kanagawa prefecture, where Kawasaki city issituated, is very active with clean energy,
ecotechnology direction.

Kawasaki was the Most Polluted City andthe Largest Heavy industrial Area in Japan since 1950s

1960s

2015
SO2 ppm in air

From: City of Kawasaki
Kanagawa, Japan

Now it is so clean.
Kanagawa Prefecture as wellis an Active Local Government
with Spread of Hydrogen Energy in Japan

Kawasaki was the Most Polluted City andthe Largest Heavy industrial Area in Japan since 1950s
TAMA River in Kawasaki

W. Kretscman
Minister President
BW
T. NakaneJapan Plenipotentiary

Y. Kuroiwa
Governor
Kanagawa Prefecture
1970

2015
From: City of Kawasaki
Kanagawa, JapanOne –day Meeting with state BW Germany Nov 2014

This is Mayor Kuroiwa and two years ago we met Mr.
Krichman, the minister of the president of BadenWürttemberg of Germany, and together with Mr.
Nakane, Japan.

Also, the Tama River was so dirty, and it became likethis. So Kawasaki city is still conscious of how it
overcame these problems.
Therefore, they also want a clean technology policy. A
very active city in Japan, one of the most active cities inJapan, Kawasaki City, where we have Toshiba, Tokyo Gas,
Chiyoda Corporation, and many other oil companies,
they are working very actively with hydrogen.

Kanagawa Prefecture as wellis an Active Local Government
with Spread of Hydrogen Energy in JapanTOSHIBA + Kawasaki City
Dieter Zetsche
President
Daimler AG

TOSHIBA and Kawasaki City built an emergency Solar + Hydrogenplant providing energy and warm water for 300 evacuees
Started: April 2015 at Kawasaki City
Supply capacity:350~420kWh
Hot Water: 60l/h

Meeting with Daimler for Business in Kanagawa
Kanagawa Prefectural Government started hydrogen project in 2013.

25kW

That was very nice, almost all day we discussed theenvironmental problem and we met also Mr. Zetsche,the president of Daimler AG and we also discussedhydrogen technology there.

H2 storage tank

Water electrolysis
unit

Water tankFC

275 Nm3

Toshiba, for example, recently passed this Toshiba116

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Hydrogen Roadmap of Japan

Impact of Hydrogen on Japan’s Market
X1012 JPY

Stationary FC
Infrastructure ofH2 supply

FCV

H2 supply

H2 power
generation

From the Institute of Applied Energy, Japan

This is a very rough hydrogen road map in Japan, thefirst stage using fuels and technology, stations andmobile, and then we realized a large scale ofhydrogen production, and so on. We are just around
here, and soon, we want to have a hydrogen
community and a hydrogen society.

Okay, this is the impact of hydrogen on Japan’s
market. Maybe you have seen them somewhere, inmany places hydrogen will be used, and thistendency increases very rapidly here.

H2 Production by 4 ways
1. Fossil Processing (Oil, NG) H2 + CO2
2. Byproduct of Steel/Chemical Processing
H2 + CO2

Japan will import H2 from Australia
where abundant H2 can be produced by renewable energy
Transportation as :1) L-H2 by tanker, Kawasaki Heavy Industry
2) MCH(methyl Cyclohexane= Toluene + H) by tanker, Chiyoda Corporation

3. Renewable=> H2O => clean H2 No CO2
4. Biomass=> clean H2 No CO2

So hydrogen production has mainly four ways, thefirst one is using fossil processing oil, natural gas, orby-product of steel or chemical processing. In thesecases, we have CO2 emissions, but another case isusing renewable energy, and decomposition ofwater. This is clean hydrogen or another case of
biomass. Then you can also get clean hydrogen too.

This is hydrogen demand. Most times here you canlook around for fuels and technology, but here, we
import hydrogen from outside. At present, we aretaking it from Australia. Australia has a huge amountof renewable energy and we can transport it inliquefied hydrogen form. This is Kawasaki Heavy
Industry. Another case is Chiyoda Corporation, using
toluene. Toluene absorbs hydrogen, over 6 percent ina weight, and then you can also transport thishydrogen. In spite of that, the hydrogen price will becheaper than the price produced in Japan.

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H2 Supply Station

Global Greening is Advancing in the last 30 Years
by Increasing CO2 in Air

The First Multi-Fuel Station in Kanagawa, Japan Apr 2013

R.J.Donohue et al, Geographical Research Letters 40(2013)3031

A realistic business by JX ENEOS :Gasoline, Hydrogen and Electricity
For multi-vehicles!00 H2 Fuel stations will be openedby the end of 2016

http://www.csiro.au/en/News/News-releases/2013/Deserts-greening-fromrising-CO2

As you know well, the CO2 concentration surrounding
us is increasing and what happened, do you know
that, in the last 30 years, greening is bouncing acrossthe whole world. This is only one positive side of CO2
increase, we should also know this side, andotherwise, we are only hearing of the negative side ofCO2. CO2 is very, very important as you know its
importance in growing plants.

For this session, I heard also that you are just trying
CO2 utilization to produce hydrocarbon, maybe we
can discuss it later. This is the first multi station. Multi
station means this is a hydrogen supply part andanother part is a normal gasoline supply station.

100 H2 filling stations will be constructed by 2016.
hydrogen-filling station 17
multi-filling station 3 => 100 (2015)=>1000(2050)

Advancing CO2 Utilization

CO2 as a Carbon Source
Kaminokura multi-filling station
Ref: NEDO, JX Nippon Oil &Energy Corporation

NEDO Project “ CO2 utilization by Solar-Hydrogento Produce New Organic Material”

Ebina center filling station
Ref: NEDO, JX Nippon Oil &Energy Corporation

olefinAround this year, the government will put 100 filling
stations in Japan, hydrogen stations.
In Japan we have an interesting project. For example,
this is NEDO (New Energy Development
Organization). Renewable energy produceshydrogen, and CO2 from a factory, and we mix thisone and we form olefin. Olefin is a material for plastic,an organic material. And Japan is driving in thisdirection very actively so that we will use CO2. CO2 wethink this is source of carbon. Then we want to put
carbon in material. As far as I know, there are so many
international conferences on CO2 utilization.

H2 Supply by Mobile H2 Stations in Spread

Data from Kanagawa
Prefecture, Japan

Recently, mobile stations have been going around. They
are going to different sites. And they show if you needhydrogen, a hydrogen car goes and you can get it.

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Small & Smart H2 Supply
HONDA FCV towards Eco-Technology

ＨＯＮＤＡ Smart Hydrogen Station
Easy Setting Up within a Day

From HP of HONDA

From HP of HONDA

So these small stations will be transported easily bytruck and put down here, within one day it is okay.
You can put these in so easily. This is a typicalJapanese product.

For instance, Honda is producing a very interesting
global system.

HONDA Small H2 Supply System
September 2014

Production rate:
60 kWh + H2O => 1 kgH2
1.5kgH2 per day
Storage capacity: 18kgH2

Hydrogen Technology
without H2 Consumption
using
Hydrogen Storage Alloys(Hydrogen Storage Technology)
7.8m2
From HP of HONDA

Please look at smaller and smart hydrogen supply
system. Mr. Moriya, after me, will explain it moreaccurately. And this smaller hydrogen station is very
nice. As you know well, in Japanese society, Japanesehouses and streets are narrow, not so wide like in
Tashkent here in Uzbekistan. So you can put thesesmall hydrogen stations here and you can supply
hydrogen there.

And hydrogen technology is actually a very special
technology. Without hydrogen consumption, in thiscase, we utilize a hydrogen storage alloy.

Hydrogen Storage Alloy?
On H2 absorption (uptake)

HOT
ALLOY
ALLOY

What is this? This is metal alloy here, and at room
temperature, this metal can absorb a hydrogenmolecule very quickly, much faster than we breathe.

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But this is endothermic reaction. So, its surrounding
becomes warm. If hydrogen is already inside and we
dissolve hydrogen, what happens, going out, and in
this case, this is endothermic reaction.

Reversible Hydrogen Reactions ofHydrogen Storage Alloys (HSA)
HYDRIDING / H2 ABSORPTION
M(HSA) + H2 (H+) => MH + Q : Exoth.
DEHYDRIDING / H2 DESORPTION
M(HSA) – H2 (H+) <= MH - Q : Endoth.

Hydrogen Storage Alloy?

On H2 desorption (relaese)This is its mechanism. This is just a chemical reaction.
COLD
ALLOY

Mainly, this alloy absorbs heat from its surrounding
so you can cool down, utilizing these things.

Single crystal

This system can be applied to renewable energy
storage, as, usually, you can charge a used renewableenergy battery. Whichever battery, lithium ion or
another, it doesn’t matter. Recharging a battery has avery strong self-discharge effect. But if you use thiselectricity from renewable energy, decompose water
first, and if you store hydrogen, as metal hydride orliquefied hydrogen or high pressure gas, you cankeep it, for 20 to 40 years.
We’ve tested it already. It’s very stable and safe
because in this case, metal hydride, you can keep it
under 5 atmospheres, or one atmosphere, it depends
on the case. No problem.

TEM image of a standard FeTi particle heated at 1323K for 3hr

This is a transmission electron microscope picture.
You can see here a small, small white dot. These aremetal atoms. And among these metal atoms, thesmallest hydrogen atom can go inside and store itself
in metal.

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Reversible Hydrogen andHeat Reactions of HSA

MHF for Fish Cultivation

HYDRIDING / H2 ABSORPTION
M(HSA) + H2 (H+) => MH + Q : Exoth.

Heating

DEHYDRIDING / H2 DESORPTION
M(HSA) – H2 (H+) <= MH - Q : Endoth.

Cooling

This cooling effect can be applied to realize
a freezer temperature down to -30 deg of C.

<Left> An on-land fish cultivation facility with a area of 144 m2
with 4 x 5 tons water tanks at to 5 degrees of Cercius.
<Right> A five ton water tank for on-land fish cultivation.

And another case, with cold water, between 0 and 5
degrees, you can breed fish, and we tested that also.

Another MH freezer(1.2 USRT)
is being operated to produce
cold water for fish cultivationin Saijo using ground water
and waste heat from industrial
factories.

1000m2 hydrogen strawberry cultivation
house cooled by a hydrogen freezer system
The water temp. was 0 to 5 degrees.

So reversible hydrogen, and heat reactions are as I haveshown you already, and if you look at it here, theheating or cooling effect, what we can do, yes, we utilize
this endothermic cooling effect and we apply thiscooling effect to naturally produced cold water, and weapply it to a 1,000 square meter hydrogen strawberry
cultivation house. I tested it already for 5 years. If you
flow cold water under the strawberry site, and you cancultivate strawberries even around 40 degrees.

Metal Hydride Freezer system

This is only 1.2 USRT, not so large, this is a hydrogenstorage alloy and cold water.
This is another pool for fish, and we tested, from small
fish to big ones.

Growth of “Satsuki Trout” by a MH facility

2009/10/29～2010/9/22

Hydrogen StrawberryThis is also nice for future agriculture and fish
breeding. You can do it anywhere if you havehydrogen and heat waste.

Usually, strawberries need cool temperatures but inthis case, it will be okay if you have cold water inside.
We demonstrated this already.

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What is Environment ?

More Information• Not only components of nature such asair, water, plants

Google search[ hirohisa uchida hydrogen ]• Any circumstances surrounding humans that
influence our growth, mentality and life:
Family, School, Working Place, Culture, Tradition
Community, Religion, Country, Economics,
Political System, Human Rights andHuman security: Man’s life, safety and quality• “Environment” should be said :Human Environment with great diversity

So what is the environment? I am arriving to theconcluding part. Not only the components of naturesuch as air, water, or plants but actually circumstances
surrounding us, and what we feel every day, family,
school, working place, culture, tradition, community,
religion, country, government, political system, or
human rights or human security, these are all part.
These are all factors for circumstance, or
environment. So actually, if you say environment, you
should say human environment.

We shall overcome
our worries, fear, sorrows
and difficulty emerging
on this beautiful blue planet
Thank you for your attention

Tokai University Space Center (TUSC) / Tokai University Research Information Center (TRIC)

Thank you very much.

Concluding Remarks• The great diversity of human environment
should be regarded in applying S&T.

• Human Environment Conscious
Technology = Eco Technology• Eco Technology should be used for thereinforcement of Human Security

This is a very important point. So the great diversityof human environment should be regarded as
applied science and technology. Of course this is very
important as many people pointed out. And humanenvironment conscious ecotechnology, this is themost basic concept of ecotechnology, not ecology
plus technology. Environment conscious technology.
Ecotechnology should be used for reinforcement of
human security. This is my conclusion of this talk.

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123Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

Dr. Sharafitdin MIRZAAKHMEDOV
Director of Centre for High Technologies

Session 3

Future of Advanced Environment Technology(Future infrastructure with introduction of technological innovation)

The Role of Center for High Technologies (Tashkent)
on Energy-saving and Environment Friendly
Technologies Promotion
21st Century—the century of a knowledge based
economy. Under these conditions, not only scienceshould generate ideas, but also production mustensure their development.
Sustainable development of Uzbekistan in the world
today can only be achieved by increasing thecompetitiveness of the economy and the quality ofhuman resources that can be provided by thedevelopment of high technologies.

The Role of the Centre of HighTechnologies (Tashkent) on Energy‐
Saving and Environment Friendly
Technologies Promotion
Dr. Sharafitdin Mirzaakhmedov,
Director of CHT

Dear Participants of the Uzbek-Japan Symposium!
Thank you very much for giving me the chance to present.

Directions of the activity of the CHT

As part of the formation of the innovation systeminfrastructure of Uzbekistan in accordance with theDecree of the President of the Republic of124

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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Uzbekistan, Educational and Experimental Center ofHigh Technologies with the participation of
Cambridge University, the UK, has established thatthe main directions of activity of TPs are chemistry,
physics, geology and geophysics, biology, biophysics
and biochemistry.

The fuel cells
as an alternative source of energy

INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY
OF CHT

BIOTECHNOLOG
Y
1. The productionof enzyme
preparations
2. The use ofindustrial
microorganisms
3.Preparation ofrecombinant
proteins

PHARMACEUTICAL
S
1. Manufacture ofpharmaceuticalpreparations
2. Themanufacture ofdiagnostic test
systems
3. The clinicalmolecular
diagnostics

AGRICULTURE
1. Microclonal
propagation of
the promisingcrops
2. The productionof insecticides
3. Certification
andstardartisation ofagricultural
products

Therefore, today one of the most attractive sources ofenergy, especially for the transport industry, is fuelcells with high-energy conversion efficiency and low
emissions of pollution in the environment.
However, the absence of a developed network ofhydrogen trading, and the presence of the risk andburden associated with the storage andtransportation of hydrogen, hinder the widespreaduse of this line approaches.
Successful use of fuel cells in the near future can beachieved through the processing of hydrocarbons,that is, the production of hydrogen from a liquid fuelusing a steam reforming system.

INDUSTRY
1. The production ofchemical components
2. Production ofnutritional
supplements
3.Anti‐corrosion
agents4.Power efficienttechnology
5. Geodynamics,
mineralogy,
identification of newcomposite materials
4

The Center of High Technologies is striving tobecome a leading initiative in Central Asia, whichenables scientists, innovators and entrepreneurs todevelop joint world-class solutions, cost-effective forall participants and the Republic of Uzbekistan as awhole.
Our strategy is to stimulate innovation in Uzbekistan
to promote the scientific ecosystem of Uzbekistan,where research, business and education joined todevelop solutions on mutual benefit basis to findsustainable solutions to social problems through:- Creation of points of interaction of knowledge andideas- Promoting the development of talent:entrepreneurs, scientists and students- Attracting investors
In accordance with the state strategy of industrial
development of Uzbekistan, one of the key areas of
improvement of the economy of Uzbekistan is to finda breakthrough technology in the field of energy,
pharmacology and biotechnology.
Efforts to develop such high-tech areas in Uzbekistan
will promote economic development in the entire
Central Asian region.

CHT employees’ series of experiments have beenongoing, aimed at identifying the main physical andchemical characteristics of the generation of purehydrogen by the catalytic decomposition of thealcohol molecules in the presence of homogeneousand heterogeneous, specially synthesized newgeneration of catalysts —transition metals. The
results obtained allow finding the optimal ratio of
catalysts which maximize production of purehydrogen from a water-alcohol mixture with further

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

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development technology which can be applied invarious areas of industry in Uzbekistan.

The Global Assessment of biological diversity
Mineralogical and geochemical nanotechnology
researches and the criteria for assessing thehidden gold mineralization

Another one of the problems that accompany
economic development and scientific andtechnological progress is the reduction of
biodiversity, including species diversity.
In the past two decades, biodiversity has begun toattract the attention of not only specialists in biology,
but also economists, politicians, and the public inconnection with the apparent threat ofanthropogenic degradation of biodiversity, due to amuch higher than normal degree of naturaldegradation.
According to the “Global Biodiversity Assessment,”
UNEP (1995), the threat of destruction affects morethan 30,000 species of animals and plants. Over the
past 400 years 484 animal species and 654 plant
species have disappeared.
The economic feasibility of biodiversity increases dueto the use of wild biota to meet the various needs ofsociety in the field of science and education, industry,
agriculture, including for the manufacture of
medicines, as well as providing the population withfood, fuel, energy, timber, and so on.
Over the past 50 years, the area of land used inagriculture remained virtually unchanged, while theworld’s population has more than doubled. An
important role in solving the issue of providing theincreased number of people with food is played bymodern biotechnology.
Plant biotechnology is one of the scientific andpractical priorities of the XXI century. Widely used in
the practice of traditional technologies, bookmarking
and cultivation of crops have a number of significant
shortcomings that do not allow control andprediction of such important features like quality,
growth rate, disease resistance, etc.

Prediction, prospecting, and evaluation of mineral
resources are an ever-pressing problem, particularly
in areas with a developed mining and social
infrastructure. Creation of an effective forecastingand prospecting model for gold deposits in recent
years, complicated by the discovery of
unconventional types of gold mineralization with an
integrated U, Mo, Pt, Pd, etc.
Today it is conclusively proven that the most effective
methods for the unambiguous type gold
mineralization is micro nano mineralogical as gold—
it is a typical micro- and even nano-mineral. However,an especially important indicator value is the
distribution of micro and nano mineralogical forms of
Te and Se.
Conducted in the CHT to study the role of nanoprocesses, nanoparticles and nanoansambley in theformation of ore concentrations of precious andnon-ferrous metals, identifying opportunities for thepractical use of the forecast, the search for andevaluation of the hidden fields with the small(invisible) forms of useful components allow putting
into practice these technologies efficiently for thedevelopment of research methods and evaluation of
hidden gold deposits.

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The use of Paulownia

Scheme of microclonal plant propagation

Micro propagation technology is used to accelerate
the cloning of many plant species, including trees.
The ability to form a few million or more somatic
embryos in vitro (test tube) is used for the mass andthe continuous production of a plurality of cloned
plants—the absolute genetic copies of the original“parent” plant released from viruses as donor plants
cloning process occurs under sterile laboratory
conditions.

Paulownia—a very promising crop for Uzbekistan.
Extremely rapid growth and development, rich inbiomass, and excellent wood characteristics allow its
use in the wood processing industry and furniture, as
well as in construction. Because in Uzbekistan, in
recent years, intensively developing alternative energy
technologies, paulownia wood, having high heatdissipation, as well as waste from industrial processing,may be used for the production of wood pellets. It
should be noted that according to the forecasts ofeconomists, the human need for wood in the next 10
years will increase by 20%. In addition, having huge
paulownia leaves is a real “factory” of oxygen, while
over its life cleans thousands of cubic meters of air.
The next stage of the center’s activities in dealing withthe conservation of biodiversity is micropropagation ofvaluable medicinal plants in order to preserve thenatural habitat of endemic and rare endangered species.
Thus contributing to the promotion of energy-saving
technologies, CHT will contribute to the preservationof the environment and sustainable development of
Uzbekistan and the Central Asian region as a whole.

The advantages of microclonal plant
propagation

This technology is aimed at organizing yearautomated production of varieties of agricultural
plants in the laboratory, which will greatly save thecrop area, material and labor resources.
Today, members of the innovation team havesuccessfully grown from a part of the donor plant full
subsidiary plants—clones, which are then adapted tonormal climatic conditions.

Thank you for attention

Thank you for your attention.

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Mr. Takashi MORIYA
Senior Chief Engineer, Honda R&D Co., Ltd.

Session 3

Future of Advanced Environment Technology(Future infrastructure with introduction of technological innovation)

Honda Fuel Cell Vehicle Development and
Toward the Hydrogen Societyᵮᶐᶃᶑᶃᶌᶒᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵡᶍᶌᶒᶃᶌᶒᶑᴾ■ᴾᵣᶌᶔᶇᶐᶍᶌᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵣᶌᶃᶐᶅᶗᴾᵧᶑᶑᶓᶃᴾᴾ
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵣᶄᶄᶍᶐᶒᶑᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾᵱᶍᶁᶇᶃᶒᶗᴾᶍᶄᴾᵦᶍᶌᶂᵿᴾ
ᴾ・ᵡᶍᶌᶁᶃᶐᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᵧᶑᶑᶓᶃᴾᶐᶃᶅᵿᶐᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᵟᶓᶒᶍᶋᶍᶒᶇᶔᶃᴾ

ᴾ・ᵣᶄᶄᶍᶐᶒᶑᴾᶄᶍᶐᴾᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾᵱᶍᶁᶇᶃᶒᶗᴾᶍᶄᴾᵦᶍᶌᶂᵿᴾᴾ・ᵧᶌᶒᶐᶍᶂᶓᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾᵱᵦᵱᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾ

■ᴾᵤᶓᶃᶊᴾᵡᶃᶊᶊᴾᵴᶃᶆᶇᶁᶊᶃᴾᵆᵤᵡᵴᵇᴾᵢᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᶍᶄᴾᵦᶍᶌᶂᵿᴾ
ᴾ・ᵢᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᵱᶒᵿᶒᶓᶑᴾᶍᶄᴾᵡᵪᵟᵰᵧᵲᵷᴾᵤᵳᵣᵪᴾᵡᵣᵪᵪᴾᴾ・ᵡᶆᵿᶊᶊᶃᶌᶅᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵤᵡᵴᴾᵢᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾ

ᴾ・ᵣᶖᶎᶊᵿᶌᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾᵱᵿᶄᶃᶒᶗᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵧᶌᶄᶐᵿᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶓᶐᶃᴾᵮᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᴾ・ᵱᶒᶐᵿᶒᶃᶅᶗᴾᶒᶍᶕᵿᶐᶂᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶄᶓᶒᶓᶐᶃᴾᵢᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾ■ᴾᵱᶓᶋᶋᵿᶐᶗᴾ

Thank you chairman, Dr. Matsumoto. I am Takashi
Moriya of Honda R&D. I am honored to have an
opportunity to make a presentation in Tashkent. I will
explain Honda’s fuel cell vehicle and status andefforts for establishing a hydrogen society.

Today’s contents are here. First, I will explain
environment and energy issue and efforts forhydrogen society of Honda. And then, I will explain
fuel cell vehicle, FCV, developed by Honda.

128

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

change. The US and China will participate in thisframework. In this agreement, including a reexamination every five years, resetting higher targets
and review of the validation system.

ᵣᶌᶃᶐᶅᶗᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵣᶌᶔᶇᶐᶍᶌᶋᶃᶌᶒᵿᶊᴾᵧᶑᶑᶓᶃᶑᴾ
Running on naturally generated hydrogen

Severity of Issue(Zero CO2 emissions)

Fuel cell technology

Renewable fuels

Energy(Sustainability)

Global warming

Reducing CO2

Honda’s Initiatives to realize Environmentally Friendly Vehicles(CO2, GHG)

Emissions

Reducing
emissions(VOC, NOX, CO)

Melting Glaciers

Enlargementof Deserts

Global warming

Present0

CO2 (g/km)

2000

This slide, I started using from 1998 with changing
the position of this triangle. This slide is a conceptual
image of the issues facing the automobile industry
today. Namely, harmful exhaust emissions, polluting
the atmosphere, global warming related to CO2emissions when using fossil fuels, and the energy
problem. At Honda, we believe fuel cell technology
to be a very promising solution for all three issues.
We consider the fuel cell vehicle to be the ultimate
answer.

&ODULW\)8(/&(//

Zero

ZEV
PHEV

emissiontechnologies
Technologies forincreased

HYBRID

power
efficiency
Technologies
for increased

ICE

&97
VHULHV

2010

Present (2016)

thermalefficiency

2020

2030

+RQGDZLOOVWULYHWRPDNHWZRWKLUGVRIRXURYHUDOOXQLWVDOHVIURPSOXJLQK\EULGK\EULGYHKLFOHVDQG]HURHPLVVLRQVYHKLFOHVVXFKDV)&9VDQGEDWWHU\(9VE\DURXQG

This is CO2 reduction strategy of Honda. In the near
future, we must reduce the CO2 in the main market.
At first, we concentrate to improve the efficiency andincrease hybrid vehicles. Buying time for efforts ofthis countermeasure, we must develop the PHEV, thepresent hybrid vehicle and ZEV (Zero Emission
Vehicle) vehicles there simultaneously in the future.
And Honda will strive to make 2/3 of our over-all unit
sales from PHEV and ZEV by around 2030.

&XUUHQW6LWXDWLRQᵥᶊᶍᶀᵿᶊᴾᵣᶌᶔᶇᶐᶍᶌᶋᶃᶌᶒᵿᶊᴾᵧᶑᶑᶓᶃᴾ

ᵥᶊᶍᶀᵿᶊᴾᵵᵿᶐᶋᶇᶌᶅᴾ

),7(9)&;&ODULW\㼀㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㼟㻌㼦㼑㼞㼛㻌㼑㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㻌㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼆㻱㼂㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻼㻴㻱㼂㻌

RisingSea Levels

Uncertain Range

7RUHGXFHWKHH[KDXVW*+*LQWKHXSSHUOHYHOLQWKHUDQJHIURPWRFRPSDUHWR*+*XQWLO 出展ᴾ ：ᴾ http://www.huffingtonpost.jplᵣᶌᶃᶐᶅᶗᴾᵧᶑᶑᶓᶃᴾ
6RXUFH：+RQGDHVWLPDWLRQEDVHGRQ,0)HWF

/HKPDQ6KRFN
23(&7URXEOH%DUUHO ᵱᶋᵿᶐᶒᴾᵡᶍᶋᶋᶓᶌᶇᶒᶗᴾᶓᶑᶇᶌᶅᴾᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾ（ᵧᶋᵿᶅᶃ）ᴾ

COP21 Paris Agreement&23
3DULV

*XOI:DU

Source: Compiled by Earth Policy Institute (EPI)'HFHPEHU● TARGET : less than 2℃● Long term Targets● Re-examination every 5 years● Resetting higher targets● Budget support system● Bailout for loss and damage● Validation system

Smart Community （Grid）

ᵰᶃᶌᶃᶕᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵣᶌᶃᶐᶅᶗᴾ-Long term cycle, big amount energy case
-Short term cycle, small amount energy case

Honda
Smart Homeᵳᶌᶑᶒᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾᵣᶌᶃᶐᶅᶗᴾᵱᶓᶎᶎᶊᶗᴾ

Ｂａｔｔ

This slide explains the recent actual situation
regarding the concerned issue. In order to achieve
the target, less than 2 degrees centigrade, CO2concentration must be kept less than 450 ppm.
However, the Keeling Curve in Hawaii, as Professor
Uchida explained, already indicated over 400 ppm
and sea level is increasing gradually. So this is theremaining concentration, only 50 ppm. And then interms of energy issue, oil price is not stable becauseof various reasons. However, future prediction ofprice will increase because of limited resources.
Lastly, December COP 21 in Paris, was held in Paris fordiscussion regarding the countermeasure of climate

ＥＶ: Hydrogen storage: Battery storage

Smart Hydrogen Station(SHS)(Ｈ２ Production)

Ｈ２ storage

Solar
ＦＣＶ

ᵡᶍᶌᶔᶃᶌᶒᶇᶍᶌᵿᶊᴾᶃᶌᶃᶐᶅᶗᴾ

5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\LVXVXDOQRWVWDEOH3HDNSRZHUVWRUDJHLVYHU\XVHIXOIRU/HYHOL]DWLRQRIHQHUJ\PDQDJHPHQWLQFRPPXQLW\+\GURJHQSURGXFWLRQVWRUDJHWUDQVSRUWDWLRQDQGXVDJHDUHYHU\LPSRUWDQWWRDFKLHYHIXWXUHVPDUWFRPPXQLW\This is our smart community image, this means, in caseof PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) and ZEV, notonly in vehicle usage of driving but also connecting
the society. This is a smart community image includinghydrogen. Usually, a smart community is based onelectricity only. However, hydrogen will be a buffer ofelectricity from renewable energy. Renewable energy
is usually not stable so peak power storage is very

129

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

useful for leveling of energy management in thecommunity. Hydrogen production, storage,transportation, and usage are very important toachieve this smart community. Our system is an
example for this concept in the future, toward a cleansociety. We, Honda, believe the smart combined
system using electricity and hydrogen will arrive.

6FKHPHRI+LJK'LIIHUHQWLDO3UHVVXUH:DWHU(OHFWURO\VLVIRU6+6
6WRUDJH㻴㼥㼐㼞㼛㼓㼑㼚㻌35 MPaH2

Catalyst

Proton exchange
membrane$PELHQW3UHVVXUH(OHFWURO\VLV/RVV&RQVXPSWLRQ3RZHU

Current collector03D3UHVVXUL]HG(QHUJ\%DVLFHOHFWRULF3RZHU
IRU+\GURJHQ3URGXFWLRQ+\GURJHQ3UHVVXUH

7HFKQLFDO・+LJK'LIIHUHQWLDO3UHVVXUH%DUULHU (OHFWURO\VLV・6WDFN6WUXFWXUHHWF

H+

3URWRQH[FKDQJHPHPEUDQH

+Catalyst
Current collector
O2 ，H2O

㻼㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼑㻌

We developed high differential pressure electrolysis.
And we developed the mobile inverter, we called
power exporter based on power products R & D
technology here. This is the concept of highdifferential pressure electrolysis. The structure isalmost similar to fuel cell type and the membranematerial is the same. Usually, ambient pressure
electrolysis needs 4 kilowatt hour per normal cubic
meter. This high pressure electrolysis keeps oncontinuous electricity, continuous power. The
membrane has the same characteristics as thechemical hydrogen pump. So the water is here, andthen the electricity is here. This is the electrolysis andmaintains the electricity. In that case, it’s in theelectrical hydrogen pump. This is the other side, thatis, 35 mega pascal high pressure, and hydrogenstorage. In this case, we don’t need the mechanicalcompressor, the very root of efficiency and very
silent.

㻯㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㻌
㼁㼟㼑㻌㻴㻞㻌

Honda not only concentrates to develop the FCV, butalso to develop a smart hydrogen station and power
exporter. This is the mobile inverter, SHS and power
exporter. We are developing a strategy towards thehydrogen society and we call this concept “Produce,
Use and Connect.”'HYHORSPHQW+LVWRU\RI+RQGD
ᵏᵗᵗᵔᴾ

ᵐᵎᵎᵎᴾ

ᵐᵎᵎᵐᴾ

ᵐᵎᵎᵒᴾ

ᵐᵎᵎᵖᴾ

ᵐᵎᵏᵎᴾ

ᵐᵎᵏᵐᴾ

ᵐᵎᵏᵑᴾ

H2O

Atmospheric pressureᵢᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᵡᶍᶌᶁᶃᶎᶒᴾᶒᶍᶕᵿᶐᶂᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾᵱᶍᶁᶇᶃᶒᶗᴾᵐᵎᵏᵔᴾ

㻼㼞㼛㼠㼛㼠㼥㼜㼑㻌

㼁Use
㼟㼑㻌
ᵱᵦᵱᵎᴾ

ᵱᵦᵱᵏᴾ

6PDUW+\GURJHQ6WDWLRQ 6+6 ᵱᵦᵱᵐᴾ■6LPSOH    ・GD\LQVWDOODWLRQFRQQHFWHGZDWHUDQGHOHFWULFLW\ ZLWKRXWJURXQGZRUN ■6PDOO      ・6PDOOSDFNDJHW\SH（IW&RQWDLQHU P×P）
■6XVWDLQDEOH ・+\GURJHQSURGXFWLRQIURP5HQHZDEOHHQHUJ\DQGWKHRWKHUORZFDUERQSRZHUᵤᶓᶌᶂᵿᶋᶃᶌᶒᵿᶊᴾᵰᶃᶑᶃᵿᶐᶁᶆᴾ

Produceつくる㻌ᵱᵦᵱᵎᵆᵐᵎᵎᵐ～ᵐᵎᵎᵑᵇᴾᵱᵦᵱᵏᵆᵐᵎᵎᵑ～ᵐᵎᵎᵗᵇᴾ
ᵣᵶᵓᵎᵎᴾᴾᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾᴾᴾ

JHQHUDWLRQWRUHDOL]HWKHORFDOHQHUJ\SURGXFWLRQIRUORFDOFRQVXPSWLRQDFFRUGLQJWRFKDUDFWHULVWLFVRIUHJLRQᵱᵦᵱᵐᵆᵐᵎᵏᵎ～ᵇ＠ᵪᵟᴾ ᵆᵐᵎᵏᵐ～ᵇ＠ᵨᵮᵬᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾ

Installed Honda Wako Head quarter(December 25, 2015)

ᵴᵐᵦᵆᵐᵎᵏᵑ～ᵇᴾᵴᵐᵪᵆᵐᵎᵏᵒ～ᵇᴾ+\GURJHQVWRUDJH
03D つConnect
ながる㻌

This is the development history of Honda, vehicle
development started from the end of 1980s. I will
explain the details in slides. SHS has been developed
from around 2000. The first one was a combination
between ambient pressure electrolysis and amechanical compressor from 2010.

+LJKSUHVVXUH
HOHFWURO\VLVV\VWHP'LVSHQVHU+LJK3UHVVXUH(OHFWURO\VLV6WDFN,WHPV

6SHFLILFDWLRQ

0D[)ORZUDWHNJ'D\（1PK）

3UHVVXUH

03D

6WRUDJHNJ#℃（/[）

3XULW\!％6\VWHP6L]H:;';+
)RRWSULQW DSSP (OHFWURO\VLV
8QLWIW&RQWDLQHUVL]Hᵦᶇᶅᶆᴾᶂᶇᶄᶄᶃᶐᶃᶌᶒᶇᵿᶊᴾᶎᶐᶃᶑᶑᶓᶐᶃᴾᶃᶊᶃᶁᶒᶐᶍᶊᶗᶘᶃᶐᴾ

5HIXHOLQJ

5DSLGUHIXHOLQJ
（%DQNV・&DWKFDGH）

8WLOLW\9$&／ᵲᵿᶎᴾᵵᵿᶒᶃᶐᴾ

This is a current smart hydrogen station. This has
already been explained by Professor Uchida. We
name this system SHS. S means simple, small andsustainable. Simple means one-day installation

130

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

connected with water and electricity. Small means 10feet container size package. And sustainable means
the hydrogen production is not only solar but also
other carbon-free power. In front of this container, ahigh pressure electrolysis system named “power
creator,” hydrogen production capacity is only 1.5
kilograms per day. And a backyard 90 kilogram 40
mega pascal hydrogen storage vessel is installed. This
production capacity is almost a 150 kilometer
commute per day. That is a very small one.

power supply is 9 kilowatts connected to FCV. Honda
started to sell this Power Exporter at the same time as
FCV sales.

Principle of Fuel Cell
Principle

水素ᴾᵣᶊᶃᶁᶒᶐᶍᶊᶗᶒᶇᶁᴾ
ᴾᵱᶍᶊᶓᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ（ᵢᶇᶊᶓᶒᶃᶂᴾᴾ
ᶑᶓᶊᶄᶓᶐᶇᶁᴾᵿᶁᶇᶂ）ᴾᵐᵦᵐᴾ＋ᴾᵭᵐᴾ →ᴾ ᵐᵦᵐᵎᴾ＋ᴾᵦᶃᵿᶒᴾ
Featurediluted sulfuricᵏᵎᵎᵴᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾᵠᶍᶖ（ᵴᵐᵪ）ᴾᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾᵱᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶍᶐᴾ

ᵣᴾᵣᶊᶃᶁᶒᶐᶍᶌᴾ

ᵏᵎᵎᵴᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾᵠᶍᶖᴾ（ᵴᵐᵪ）ᴾ

ᵭᵐᴾ

ᵥᵿᶑᴾᶂᶇᶄᶄᶓᶑᶇᶍᶌᴾᵪᵿᶗᶃᶐᴾ
ᵡᵿᶒᵿᶊᶗᶑᶒᴾ
ᵧᶍᶌᴾᵣᶖᶁᶆᵿᶌᶅᶃᴾᵫᶃᶋᶀᶐᵿᶌᶃᴾ

ᵦᵐᴾ①ᵦᶇᶅᶆᴾᵣᶄᶄᶇᶁᶇᶃᶌᶁᶗᴾᴾ ᴾ ・Theoretical Efficiency : ᵖᵑᵃᴾᴾ
②ᵡᶊᶃᵿᶌᴾᴾ ᴾ ・ᵣᶖᶆᵿᶓᶑᶒᴾᶇᶑᴾᶍᶌᶊᶗᴾᶕᵿᶒᶃᶐᵌᴾ

)&;&ODULW\ZLWKH[WHUQDOSRZHUVXSSO\V\VWHPV

酸素ᴾ

電極ᴾ
（白金）ᴾ

reverse reaction of Water electrolysis

ᵭᶖᶗᶅᶃᶌᴾ

ᵦᵐᵭᴾ
ᵵᵿᶒᶃᶐᴾᵡᶃᶊᶊᴾ

AC 100V

DC

13

Max 9kVA
Mobile Inverter Boxex) Emergency Case

Saitama Prefecture ProjectThis is the principle of fuel cell, this is very simple.
Electricity generated from hydrogen and oxygen in
the air. This is the reverse reaction of electrolysis.
Selector efficiency is 83%, very high, and exhaust is
only water, very clean.

ᵐᵎᵎᵴᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾᵠᶍᶖᴾ（ᵴᵐᵦ）ᴾsingle phase
three-wire 200VDC
Max 9kVA
Mobile Inverter Box

FCX Clarity with external power supply systemᵐᵎᵎᵴᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾᵠᶍᶖ（ᵴᵐᵦᵍᵴᵐᵪ）ᴾᵐᵎᵎᵴᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾᵠᶍᶖᴾ（ᵴᵐᵪᴾᵣᶋᶃᶐᶅᶃᶌᶁᶗᴾᵡᵿᶑᶃ）ᴾ
Back-up PowerFor Emergency

DCsingle phase
three-wire 200V
6kAV

Max 9kVA
Mobile Inverter Box

Public Space (Museum)

Kita-Kyushu Smart Community ProjectThis trial introduces our power output
demonstrations. This is Saitama, this is Kita-kyushu,
the northern Kyushu area. Our concept is a mobile
inverter box which the customer installs in theluggage room. When he/she faces trouble, on theroad, in an emergency case or a disaster, it canrecharge the backup power battery. This is 9
kilowatts of output. And this is 100 voltage and this is
200 voltage.

Constitution of Fuel Cell Stackᵫᵣᵟ（膜電極接合体）ᴾ（ᵫᶃᶋᶀᶐᵿᶌᶃᴾᵣᶊᶃᶁᶒᶐᶍᶂᶃᴾᵟᶑᶑᶃᶋᶀᶊᶗ）ᴾᵱᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶍᶐᴾ

ᵡᶍᶍᶊᵿᶌᶒᴾᵟᶇᶐᴾ

ᵱᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶍᶐᴾᵱᶇᶌᶅᶊᶃᴾᶁᶃᶊᶊᴾ（ᶋᵿᶖ１Ｖ）ᴾᵱᶒᵿᶁᶉᴾ（ᵱᶒᵿᶁᶉᶇᶌᶅᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶑᶃᶔᶃᶐᵿᶊᴾᶆᶓᶌᶂᶐᶃᶂᴾᶁᶃᶊᶊᶑ）ᴾᵱᶃᶐᶇᶃᶑᴾᶁᶍᶌᶌᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᵤᶓᶃᶊᴾᵡᶃᶊᶊᴾᵱᶒᵿᶁᶉᴾᵆᶑᵿᶋᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᵢᶐᶗᵋᶁᶃᶊᶊᴾᶀᵿᶒᶒᶃᶐᶗᴾᵱᶃᶐᶇᶃᶑᴾᶁᶍᶌᶌᶃᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᵇᴾ

ᴾ

Fuel cell started to be constructed by stacking several
hundred cells. A single cell is constructed andelectro-coated thin polymer film and separators formgas for channel. This fuel is sandwiched in the middleof two separators, film and separators. Cell thickness
is almost 1 millimeter, very thin. Current is dependingon the achieved area, coated electrode, and voltage
is depending on the stacking cell number.
Vehicle companies aspire for the reaction of stackpower density in order to install the vehicle package.

ᵬᶃᶕᴾᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶃᴾᵧᶌᶔᶃᶐᶒᶃᶐᴾᴾ『ᴾ』ᴾ』ᴾ“&RQQHFWLQJWR9HKLFOH([SDQGLQJWR/LYHOLKRRG”

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ᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾ

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This is a new mobile power inverter named Power
Exporter 9000, 9000 means 9 kilowatt, the maximum

131Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3ᵧᶋᶎᶐᶍᶔᶃᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᶍᶄᴾᵦᶍᶌᶂᵿᴾᵤᵡᵴᴾᵢᶃᶔᶃᶊᶍᶎᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾ

ᵧᶋᶎᶐᶍᶔᶃᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᶍᶄᴾᵬᶃᶕᶊᶗᴾᵤᶓᶃᶊᴾᵡᶃᶊᶊᴾᵱᶒᵿᶁᶉᴾ)XHO&HOO6WDFN＝％6L]HUHGXFWLRQ
0DVV3RZHU'HQVLW\ N:NJ 

２０１６
CLARITY
FUEL CELL



Door
Passenger
Cold Temp.
Performance

Under floor

Stack

センタートンネルᴾCentertunnel

Under hood

CarbonBase Body

New
Body
専用設計ᴾ

Body Type

Sedan
App. 750km

Range




Honda introduced FCV from December 2nd 2002, theworld’s first. And we installed Honda in-houseproduction stack using the stamp metal separator in2005. And then in 2008, all brand new sedan type
FCV, FCX Clarity were started to be leased. This Clarity
installed the fuel cell system in the center tunnel
using freedom of installation. Driving range
improved using the certified mega pascal hydrogenstorage system.

Power characteristicsof 1 cell

New Cell

×1.5

previous







9ROXPH3RZHU'HQVLW\ N:/ 

New fuel cell stack achieves top-level power density
and compactness, achieving a 33 percent reduction
compared to the previous one. In order to achieve
this improvement, we achieved higher current
density operation and we developed the thinner cellbased on the previous stack concept.

ᵤᶓᶃᶊᴾᵡᶃᶊᶊᴾᵮᶍᶕᶃᶐᴾᵲᶐᵿᶇᶌᴾ&RPSDFWIXHOFHOOV\VWHPDQGGULYHXQLWVoltage Control Unit

Clarity Fuel Cell Packaging

Increases stack voltage to drive motor
at high voltage
Use of SiC power module enables size
reduction with increased power output

MM Concept: Fuel Cell Sedan Package

Hydrogen supply system

0DQPD[LPXP0DFKLQHPLQLPXP

Power Control Unit integrated
with drive motor and gearbox

Luggage

Air supply system

Electric turbo air compressor
Air supply pressure: 1.7X previous model

High-efficiency package with fuel cell
powertrain fitted under hood

Optimal positioning of battery andhydrogen tank realizes comfortable
sedan passenger space

Luggage space large
enough for 3 golf bags

A fuel cell power train is integrated between BOP,
Balance of Plant, voltage control unit and driving
motor. A tower compressor is used for increasing air
pressure, and driving motor installed and power
control unit were redesigned for decreasing theheight. This is the height and voltage control unit. An
installed silicon carbide is located on the fuel celltank.

And then this March, Honda launched a new fuel cellvehicle named CLARITY FUEL CELL. I will explain thefollowing slide. Honda has a basic vehicle designconcept, we call it MM concept. MM means man,maximum, machine, minimum. Clarity Fuel Cell isdesigned based on this concept. The high efficiency
package with fuel cell power train fitted under hood.
This concept will be able to expand the other type of
vehicle in the future. Optimal positioning of battery
and hydrogen tank creates comfortable sedan
package space. A battery is installed under front seat
and a small hydrogen tank is installed inside, andwhile we are inside, enough space is secured thanks
to this packaging design.

132

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

expansion of the FCV, that is the harmonization of theimportant standards. It is very useful for cost
reduction and the expansion of the vehicle for the
global use.

Ｈｏｎｄａᴾ ＣＬＡＲＩＴＹᴾ ᵤᵳᵣᵪᴾᵡᵣᵪᵪᴾ

4,915 x 1,875 x 1,480 mm
Vehicle dimensions
ᴾᴾᴾᴾ
Number of passengers:
5
Driving range (Reference figure) App. 750km (Driving in JC08 mode; figure measured by Honda)
Fuel cell power
More than 100kW
Fuel cell stack power density 3.1kW/L (Figure measured by Honda)
Hydrogen filling time
Around 3 minutes
Hydrogen tank filling pressure 70MPa (700 atmospheres)ᵦᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾᵰᶃᶄᶓᶃᶊᶇᶌᶅᴾᵱᶒᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵆᵦᵰᵱᵇᴾᶎᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ
ᴾ*1ᵱᶁᵿᶌᶂᶇᶌᵿᶔᶇᵿᴾᴾ

*2ᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶎᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶂᴾᵦᵰᵱᶑᴾ
ᶒᶍᴾᶇᶌᶒᶐᶍᶂᶓᶁᶃᴾᵤᵡᵴᶑᴾ*1 Figure measured by Honda after filling at a 70MPa hydrogen station employing standard conditions as specified by SAE standards (J2601). Because thevolume of hydrogen in the tank may differ when filling at hydrogen stations with differing specifications, driving distance may also differ.
Driving distance also varies significantly as a result of the use environment (temperature, traffic congestion, etc.) and the mode of use (sudden takeoffs, airconditioner use, etc.).
*2 Differences in filling pressure and external air temperature may result in differences in filling timeᴾᴾᴾᵦᵐᵋᵫᶍᶀᶇᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾ（ᵳᵩᵊᴾᵤᶐᵿᶌᶁᶃ）ᴾᵱᶒᵿᶐᶒᶃᶂᴾᶒᶆᶃᴾᶇᶌᶔᶃᶑᶒᶇᶅᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶍᶄᴾ
ᶇᶌᶒᶐᶍᶂᶓᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶑᶁᶃᶌᵿᶐᶇᶍᴾᶍᶄᴾᵤᵡᵴᶑᴾ
ᵿᶌᶂᴾᵦᵰᵱᶑᴾ

ᴾ
ᴾ
ᴾ
ᴾ

ᴾ
ᴾ

ᵦ２−Mobility（ᵥᶃᶐᶋᵿᶌᶗ）ᴾᵨᵿᶎᵿᶌᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᵓᵎᴾ
ᵦᵰᵱᶑᴾᶎᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶓᶌᶒᶇᶊᴾᵐᵎᵏᵓᴾ

ᴾᵡᵿᶊᶇᶄᶍᶐᶌᶇᵿᴾᵳᵱᴾ

ᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᵏᵎᵎᴾ
ᵦᵰᵱᶑᴾᵿᶐᶍᶓᶌᶂᴾ
ᶒᶆᶃᴾᵒᴾᶀᶇᶅᴾᶁᶇᶒᶇᶃᶑᴾᵳᶌᶒᶇᶊᴾᵐᵎᵏᵓᴾᵮᶊᵿᶌᶌᶇᶌᶅᴾᵔᵖᴾ
ᵦᵰᵱᶑᴾᶎᶐᶃᶎᵿᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶓᶌᶒᶇᶊᴾᵐᵎᵏᵓᵌᴾ

6HYHUDOFRXQWULHVVWDUWWRSUHSDUHWKH+56VIRULQWURGXFWLRQRI)&9V-DSDQLVPRVWDJJUHVVLYHDFWLYLWLHVFRRSHUDWLQJEHWZHHQJRYHUQPHQWDQGLQGXVWU\And this is the hydrogen refueling station
deployment from all over the world. However, thisplan is delayed in every region. Japan has the mostaggressive activities in preparation of this hydrogen
filling station, 81 stations have already a fixed budget
and more than 70 stations have already opened.

This is the main specification of Clarity Fuel Cell, 5adult passengers can sit comfortably by fuel cell
power train installed under hood and approximately
750 kilometer driving range in achieving by use of a
70 mega pascal hydrogen tank. Of course hydrogen
filling time is around 3 minutes. And this is the videoof the new FCV (video playing).

Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Strategic Road-Map in Japan■ Value of Hydrogen SocietySize/weight reduction

Environment
adaptability

Sub-zero startup
Heat dissipation athigh temperatures

Driving Range
Hydrogen storage

・Hydrogen infrastructure
・Fuel cost

Environmental Load-reducing
Industrial Promotion, Regional Activation■ Direction toward the Hydrogen Society
Phase1 : Significant expansion of Hydrogen usage(Full-scale introduction of Fuel Cell Systems in Society)
Phase2 : Introduction of full-scale hydrogen generation system
Establishment of large-sized hydrogen supply system
Phase3 : Establishment of total CO2 free hydrogen supply systemᵤᶓᶃᶊᴾᵡᶃᶊᶊᴾᶃᶊᶃᶁᶒᶐᶇᶁᴾᵴᶃᶆᶇᶁᶊᶃᵘᴾᵧᶑᶑᶓᶃᶑᴾᵪᶗᶇᶌᶅᴾᵟᶆᶃᵿᶂᴾ
Performance

Energy Saving
Energy Security

Phase12020

Durability
Reliability

2030

Thousands of hours

2040

Quality control
Cell uniformity

09 : Home stationary FC (Ene-Farm)
15 : FCEV
17 : Industry Stationary FC introduction
20 : Hydrogen price will be same levelof HEV Gasoline consumption cost.
25 : FCEV price will be same level of
Similar size HEV.

Phase2Phase3・Acceleration of Development and Field Tests
・Establishment of strategic relationship withᴾ Hydrogen supply countries.
Systematic Development and Field Tests
・Hydrogen cost reduction toward expansion
included the path-way for CO2 Free
Middle of 2020s
Hydrogen Supply chain.
・Hydrogen price from other countries :30yen/Nm3 ($0.3/Nm3)
・Establishment of domestic logistic sys.
2040
2030
Fully in progress CO2 Free hydrogen supply
・Large-scale hydrogen import system
・Introduction of full-scale Hydrogen Gen.

This is Japanese hydrogen and fuel cell strategy roadmap, published in June 2014. Depending on thecabinet approval of basic energy policy, which
supports the value of the hydrogen society, these 4
items are needed. And this road map is separated in 3
phases. Phase one is a significant expansion ofhydrogen usage, introduction of many fuel cellsystems including the residential use for Ene-Farmand FCV. And phase 2 is introduction of full scalehydrogen generation system, and establishment of alarge-size hydrogen supply system. I think this is very

Cost

Reduce platinum use
Mass production
technology

・Related regulations still in preparation
・Need for common international standard

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And for these green circles, we already havecountermeasure. However, the car companies keep
struggling for the development of durability,
reliability, and quality control cost and then of course
we need the hydrogen infrastructure for the133Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

important in case of the expansion of the hydrogensociety and then, of course, fuel cell expansion is very
important so a big amount of hydrogen is needed.
Vehicle energy consumption is much smaller than
total energy consumption. And then phase 3 is theestablishment of total CO2 free hydrogen supply
system. The current system is very slow. The current
situation revised an earlier plan for this road map.
Honda launched the new Clarity Fuel Cell on March
10th 2016 this year and then Honda has collaborated
with General Motors, so many Chevrolets are aroundhere towards 2020.

Fuel Cell launched, and we just keep on making ourbest effort for the expansion of the fuel cell vehicle inthe market. Honda will keep an aggressive effort
towards the future continuously.

ᵰᶍᵿᶂᶋᵿᶎᴾᶒᶍᴾᵤᵡᵴᴾᵡᶍᶋᶋᶃᶐᶁᶇᵿᶊᶇᶘᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵲᶃᶁᶆᶌᶍᶊᶍᶅᶗᴾᴾ
ᵢᶃᶋᶍᶌᶑᶒᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᵲᶃᶁᶆᶌᶍᶊᶍᶅᶗᴾᵿᶌᶂᴾᵫᵿᶐᶉᶃᶒᴾᵢᶃᶋᶍᶌᶑᶒᶐᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᵐᵎᵎᵐ～ᴾᵐᵎᵎᵖ～ᴾ

Honda launched “Clarity Fuel Cell” in March 10,
2016. And the first Vehicle delivered to METI in
March 17.

ᵡᶍᶋᶋᶃᶐᶁᶇᵿᶊᶇᶘᵿᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾ

ᵐᵎᵐᵎᴾ

ᵐᵎᵏᵓᴾ

ᵐᵎᵐᵓ～ᴾ■ᵱᵿᶊᶃᶑᴾᶃᶖᶎᵿᶌᶑᶇᶍᶌᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵟᶄᶄᶍᶐᶂᵿᶀᶊᶃᴾ
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᶎᶐᶇᶁᶃᴾ

Collaboration with
GM toward 2020
（July 2, 2013)

Thank you very much for your attention.

■ᵣᶖᶎᵿᶌᶑᶇᶍᶌᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵡᶍᶑᶒᴾᶂᶍᶕᶌᴾᵤᵡᵶᴾᵡᶊᵿᶐᶇᶒᶗᴾ‘05M FCXᴾ‘03M FCXᴾ■World’sᴾᴾᶄᶇᶐᶑᶒᴾᵤᵡᵣᵴᴾ

■ᵲᶃᶁᶆᶌᶍᶊᶍᶅᶗᴾ
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᶇᶋᶎᶐᶍᶔᶃᶂᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵡᶍᶊᶂᴾᶑᶒᵿᶐᶒᴾᶓᶎᴾ

■ᵱᵿᶊᶃᶑᴾᶒᶍᴾᶅᶃᶌᶃᶐᵿᶊᴾᶎᶓᶀᶊᶇᶁᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵡᶍᶑᶒᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵮᶐᶍᶂᶓᶁᶒᶇᶍᶌᴾᶏᶓᵿᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵫᶍᶐᶃᴾᶂᶐᶇᶔᶇᶌᶅᴾᶐᵿᶌᶅᶃᴾ

■ᵣᶖᶎᵿᶌᶂᶇᶌᶅᴾᶍᶄᴾᵿᴾᵪᶃᵿᶑᶃᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵮᶃᶐᶄᶍᶐᶋᵿᶌᶁᶃᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵢᶓᶐᵿᶀᶇᶊᶇᶒᶗᴾ
ᴾ ・ᵢᶐᶇᶔᶇᶌᶅᴾᶐᵿᶌᶅᶃᴾ

ᵲᶆᶃᴾᶇᶋᵿᶅᶃᴾᶍᶄᴾᶆᶗᶂᶐᶍᶅᶃᶌᴾᴾ
ᶇᶌᶄᶐᵿᶑᶒᶐᶓᶁᶒᶓᶐᶃᴾᶂᶃᶎᶊᶍᶗᶋᶃᶌᶒᴾᴾ/DXQFKWKH&/$5,7<)8(/&(//LQ0DUFK
([SDQVLRQWKH)&9FROODERUDWHGZLWK*0 WHFKQRORJ\DQGVFDOHPHULW LQ
1HFHVVDU\IRUFRRSHUDWLRQRI+\GURJHQ5HIXHOLQJ6WDWLRQWRZDUGWKH)&9H[SDQVLRQRegarding the perspective of fuel cellcommercialization, we will be addressing cost
reduction for the FCV expansion and also addressing
realization of competitive hydrogen price, an
expected business opportunity for the future.

6XPPDU\ )RUORZ&2HPLVVLRQFRPPXQLW\+\GURJHQLVYHU\SURPLVLQJHQHUJ\EXIIHURIHDVLO\FRQYHUWLQJWRHOHFWULFLW\ 9HKLFOHHOHFWULILFDWLRQLVWKHPDLQSDWKZD\WRZDUGUHGXFHG  JUHHQKRXVHJDVHVDQGDVKLIWWRDOWHUQDWLYHUHQHZDEOH   VRXUFHVRIHQHUJ\
 +RQGDZRUNSRVLWLYHO\WRGHYHORSWKHYDULRXVWHFKQRORJLHVWRUHDOL]HWKHIXWXUHK\GURJHQVRFLHW\EDVHGRQFRQFHSWRI
“Produce”, “Use” and “Connect”.
 Honda delivered New Fuel Cell Vehicle named “CLARITY FUEL
CELL” from the March of 2016 and must FRQWLQXRXVO\WDFNOHWRUHGXFHFRVWDQGWRHVWDEOLVKTXDOLW\FRQWUROWRZDUGWKHIXWXUHFRPPHUFLDOL]DWLRQ $FRQFHUWHGHIIRUWDPRQJUHODWHGLQGXVWULHVFRPSDQLHVWKHHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIJOREDOVWDQGDUGVDQGWKHFUHDWLRQRIDK\GURJHQUHIXHOLQJLQIUDVWUXFWXUHDUHDOVRUHTXLUHGLI)&9VDUHWREHPDUNHWHGDVVFKHGXOHGVWDUWLQJ
This is a summary. Hydrogen is a very promisingenergy and of course the change to the electrification
for the vehicle, and then that Honda tries to realize itin the concept of produce, use and connect. Clarity

134Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Session 3

Wrap-Up Session
Toward Harmonization of Science, Technology,
and Economic Developmentwith Human and Natural Environment in Uzbekistan

Dr. Odilkhuja PARPIEV
Executive Director, Committee for Coordination of
Science and Technology Development

135

Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Wrap-Up Session

Dr. Odilkhuja PARPIEV
Executive Director,
Committee for Coordination of Science and Technology Development

Wrap-Up Session

Toward Harmonization of Science, Technology, and Economic
Development with Human and Natural Environment in Uzbekistan
Today, jointly with Honda Foundation, the Committee
for Coordination of Science and Technology
Development held the Uzbek-Japan symposium on
ecotechnologies, with the main purpose being todiscuss topical issues regarding further development
and application of environmentally friendly
technologies.
Objectives of Symposium were to discuss issues like:

Japanese Ambassador to Uzbekistan and Ms. Yoriko
Kawaguchi, Former Foreign/Environment Minister ofJapan. Speakers noted the importance of the
Symposium and expressed confidence that this event
will serve as the beginning of a mutually beneficial
cooperation between the scientists of Uzbekistan
and Japan on ecotechnologies and they wished for
fruitful work from the symposium.

• World tendencies of development ofecotechnologies, current issues, problems andprospects of innovative technologies related to theenvironmental protection• Technological evolution and legal aspects for
economic development and environmental
protection• Success stories in the sphere of ecotechnology
practice of Japanese and Uzbek researchers andindustry• Future of advanced environment technology• Development of mutually beneficial cooperation
between the social environmental organizations
and the business community, etc.

For the introductory session, we had a very
interesting presentation from Mr. Hiroto Ishida,
President of Honda Foundation, where he gave brief
information on Honda Foundation and the concept
of “Ecotechnology.” As the second speaker, Mr.
Nobuhiko Shima, President of Japan-Uzbekistan
Association, noted the relationship between
Uzbekistan and Japan.
As a keynote speaker, I tried to give you some
information on the role of ecotechnologies on ourscience, how it is treated, and how the Uzbek
scientists are approaching the issue. And, we also had
as the keynote speaker Mr. Akira Kojima. He gave us
information on the Japanese economic development
phase and environmental protection issues.
Further, we had 3 sessions and each of the sessions
had panel discussions.

And I think we have in detail discussed all theplanned topics. As the opening remarks, we had the
speech of Dr. Shavkat Salikhov, the President of the
Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Chairman ofCommittee for Coordination of Science andTechnology Development and it was pleasure tolisten to the interesting speech of H.E. Fumihiko Kato,

Shortly, I will give conclusions for each session which
we have heard from the presentations and discussions.
At Session 1 of the symposium “Technological
Evolution and Legal Aspects for Economic

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Wrap-Up Session

Development and Environmental Protection/
Restoration,” we discussed Japan’s experience in thefield of economic development, environmental
protection and legal support to the participants ofthis activity. During the presentations, it was notedthat involvement of safe technologies and the legal
regulation of this area will not only contribute to the
reduction of harmful gas emissions, including
greenhouse gas emissions that impact climatechange, and to energy and heat supply improvement,
especially in rural and remote areas, but will also
ensure energy security and stable development ofcountries, especially Uzbekistan, which could benefit
from this. And, there were made recommendations
on improving the legislative, institutional, financial,and information base for large scale introduction of
ecotechnology source usage, etc.

for the construction of new industry and otherenvironment friendly technologies were introducedby the Japanese and Uzbek scientists.
At the end of the symposium, we had the plenary
session for generating all the proposals andrecommendations. Let me point to some of the
proposals and recommendations which were madeduring all the panel discussions.
The symposium concluded its work with a plenary
session with the motto “Innovation for SustainabilityHarmonizing science, technology and economic
development with human and natural environment”
and the moderators of each session and thesymposium noted:
We need to continue to work on improving the legal
and regulatory framework for environmental
protection and the development of environmental
technologies, especially for Uzbekistan;
Governments and relevant ministries should pay
more attention to the financial support for researchin the field of ecotechnology, as well as to adopt a
program to create favorable conditions for thedevelopment of international cooperation in the fieldof industrial safety and the environment;
Create technology platforms that consolidate effortsof government authorities, scientific-and-researchand education and business communities to developState policy in the field of safe technologies andenvironmental protection;
Special attention should be paid to the process of
training of qualified personnel in the relevant fields.
There should be organized human resource training
for ecotechnology-related fields (scientists, highly
qualified engineers and technical workers, economists,managers, lawyers, patent specialists, etc.);
In order to organize the information flow for thedevelopment of ecotechnologies, provide access forthe scientific community of Uzbekistan to theJapanese databases and vice versa;
Create conditions for the Uzbek-Japanese joint
research on the creation and implementation ofenvironmental, environmentally-friendly, energy
saving and other ecotechnology-related fields;
Develop mutually beneficial cooperation between
the state, non-governmental environmentalorganizations and the business community.

At Session 2 of the symposium “Success Stories in
Sphere of Ecotechnology Practice,” we discussed
several interesting issues. The Japanese speakers
mainly discussed the issue of water-related
technologies, and how the Japanese scientists areworking on purification and cleaning polluted water
resources in urbanized areas in Japan. An example
was given with the case of the Tama River, which wasreally interesting for the audience. And, Uzbek
speakers gave some good examples of theirexperiences with UV irradiation plants, photoelectrical power drive capable of stimulating the
growth of plants, the impact on processes ofphotosynthesis, the air conditioning system based on
evaporative cooling on a poultry farm, biogas
settings for the agricultural needs, etc.
And, finally, during the Session 3 of the symposium“Future of Advanced Environment Technology(Future infrastructure with introduction oftechnological innovation),” discussion was made on
the issues of future clean technologies, their usage,
and harmony of science and technology with human,
human security and the global environment. Manyinteresting clean technologies were demonstrated
for hydrogen technologies actually applied to fuelcell vehicles, agriculture and fish breeding towards
realizing a hydrogen society. In addition, energy
saving technologies, resource efficient technologies

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Wrap-Up Session

At the end I would like to show my gratitude to
Honda Foundation once more, and notice that it washonorable for our young scientists to receive threehonorary diplomas, which are for young scientists
and students, participants of the IX Fair of innovativeideas, technologies and projects.
And, I would like to conclude with the hope of futurecollaboration and I think the symposium concluded
with great success!
Thank you for your attention!

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Closing Remarks

Closing Remarks

Dr. Taizo YAKUSHIJI
Director, Honda Foundation
Research Counselor of Institute for International Policy Studies

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Uzbek-Japan Symposium on Ecotechnologies

Closing Remarks

Dr. Taizo YAKUSHIJI
Director, Honda Foundation
Research Counselor of Institute for International Policy Studies

Closing Remarks
Instead of giving the final remarks, I will give you very
interesting information from the Japanese
government.
We have been running an international researchcollaboration network program. And in its five areas,
there are two environmental technology areas
related to what we talked about today.
I am going to give you detailed information about
the projects; the global environmental solution
project and the local society implementation project.
This is called SATREPS, a research collaboration
network program.
So I am encouraging all Uzbekistani universities tocollaborate with their Japanese counterparts. And as
ODA is there, which is huge amount of money, theproject can run 3 to 5 years. It is a long period ofcommitment. I created the program almost 10 years
ago when I was in the government. Then, as now, themajor thrust of the program was to bring young
scholars together. So we are looking at the future of
the collaboration and strengthening the relations
between Japanese scholars and Uzbekistani scholars
and communicating with each other. So, I encourageboth young scholars writing papers and giving theseto international journals, and developing theircompetence. So people in development of local
societies, and also those in the energy conservationarea, please keep in touch.
This is how ODA is used, it is international, but also
there is another budget, the so-called science andtechnology agency budget. That is very restrictive to
the Japanese. In order to receive the grant, you haveto collaborate with Japanese research associates first.
Why don’t you propose that program?
And then there are a couple of Japanese experts
rating the program development which is useful for
improvement.
Let me add some more information about SATREPS. It
also targets the Low-carbon society and basic scale ofthe environmental issue including environment,
energy or conservation or new material or whatever
you call that which we have discussed. So why don’t
you ask about collaboration first? You know,
collaboration first, jointly propose together, then you
can be given a great amount of money, I hope.
Thank you very much.

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