Kyushu Institute of Technology
Southern Federal University
National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology
Korea Maritime and Ocean University

2020 International Conference
оn “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26–29, 2021
http://phenma2020.sfedu.ru/
Abstracts & Schedule

Rostov-on-Don – Taganrog
Southern Federal University Press
2021

UDK 53+531 - 027.22(063)2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New
Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020) (Kitakyushu, Japan,
March 26–29, 2021) : Abstracts and Schedule / I. A. Parinov, Y.-H. Kim,
N.-A. Noda, S.-H. Chang (Eds.) ; Southern Federal University. – Rostov-onDon ; Taganrog : Southern Federal University Press, 2021. – 356 p.
ISBN 978-5-9275-3768-6
The success of the Russian-Taiwanese Symposium “Physics and Mechanics of
New Materials and Their Applications”, PMNM-2012 (Russia, 2012), 2013
International Symposium “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Underwater
Applications”, PHENMA-2013 (Taiwan, 2013), 2014 International Symposium“Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Underwater Applications”, PHENMA2014 (Thailand, 2014), 2015 International Conference “Physics and Mechanics of New
Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA-2015 (Russia, 2015), 2016 International
Conference “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”,
PHENMA-2016 (Indonesia, 2016), 2017 International Conference “Physics andMechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA-2017 (India, 2017),
2018 International Conference “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their
Applications”, PHENMA-2018 (South Korea, 2018) and 2019 International Conference“Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA-2019(Vietnam, 2019) predefined objectives and scientific directions of the new conference
PHENMA-2020, conducted by the Kyushu Institute of Technology (Japan). Due to
COVID-19 pandemic, this conference has been postponed from 2–5 October, 2020 to
26–29 March, 2021.
The following PHENMA abstracts cover five scientific directions: (i) processing
techniques of new materials, (ii) physics of new materials, (iii) mechanics of newmaterials, (iv) applications of new materials, and (v) industry and management. Theseare present by scientists from 17 countries, demonstrating strong scientificcollaboration, formed for last years.
Published in author’s edition.

UDK 53+531 - 027.22(063)ISBN 978-5-9275-3768-6© Southern Federal University, 2021

K

2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

Sponsored by

The Society of Materials Science, Japan
Kyushu Branch, Japan

Kitakyushu Convention & Visitors Association, JapanThe Korean Society for Composite
Materials, South Korea

Rostov Regional Administration, Russia

Ministry of Science and High Educationof the Russian Federation, Russia

Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Russia

Ministry of Science and Technologyof Taiwan, Taiwan
3National Foundation for Science & Technology
Development, Vietnam

Vietnam Union of Science and Technology
Associations (VUSTA), Vietnam

Vietnam Association of Science Editing (VASE), Vietnam

South Scientific Center of Russian
Academy of Science, Russia

New Century Education Foundation, Taiwan

Ocean & Underwater Technology Association, Taiwan

Unity Opto Technology Co., Taiwan
Fair Well Fishery Co., Taiwan
Woen Jinn Harbor Engineering Co., Taiwan
4Lorom Group, Taiwan

Longwell Co., Taiwan

Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea

Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam

Vietnam Maritime University, Vietnam

Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vietnam

Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam

Vietnamese-German University, Vietnam

Ho Chi Minh City University of Agriculture and Forestry,
Vietnam5

Research Institute of Agriculture Machinery, Vietnam

Don State Technical University, Russia

University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia

Perkumpulan Ahli dan Dosen Republik Indonesia

University of Maarif Hasyim Latif, Sidoarjo, Indonesia

PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology,
Design and Manufacturing, India

South Russian Regional Centre for Preparation and
Implementation of International Projects, Ltd., Russia

6K2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

Organizing Committee
Conference Chairs
Y.-H. Kim (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea)
N.-A. Noda (Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan)
I. A. Parinov (Southern Federal University, Russia)
S.-H. Chang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
Advisory Chairs
C.-K. Chou (New Century Education Foundation, Taiwan, ROC)
T. Duc-Quy (Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam)
V. K. Gupta (PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing Jabalpur, India)
L. Hai-An (Ministry of Education and Training, Vietnam)
M. Hatta (University of 45 Surabaya, Indonesia)
N. Hay (Nong Lam University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam)
I.-C. Huang (Fair Well Fishery Group, Taiwan, ROC)
C. Hung- Phi (Vinh Long University of Technology Education, Vietnam)
S. Jain (PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India)
M. A. Jani (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
V. I. Kolesnikov (Rostov State Transport University, Russia)
K. Kolmetz (International Association of Certified Professional Engineers,
USA)
G. G. Matishov (South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences,
Russia)B. Ch. Meskhi (Don State Technical University, Russia)
M. Nugroho (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
A. Ojha (PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing, Jabalpur, India)
D. Pham-Xuan (Vietnam Maritime University, Vietnam)
P. Seshu (Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, India)
7

I. K. Shevchenko (Southern Federal University, Russia)
B. Tien-Long (Vietnam Association for Science Editing – VASE, Vietnam)
D. Van-Phong (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
P. Van-Song (Vietnamese-German University, Vietnam)
D. Vu-Minh (Vietnam Union of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
D.-S. Wu (National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, ROC)
P. Xuan-Duong (Vietnam Maritime University, Vietnam)
C.-Y. Yang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
Conference Co-Chairs
L. Anh-Tuan (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, VASE,
Vietnam)
L.-K. Chien (National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan, ROC)
N. Duc - Chien (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
N. Duc-Toan (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, VASE,
Vietnam)A. Fatoni, R (Perkumpulan Ahli dan Dosen Republik Indonesia)
R. Hastijanti (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
K. Hasyim (University of Darul Ulum, Jombang, Indonesia)
H.-C. Huang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
V. V. Kalinchuk (South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences,
Russia)P.K. Kankar (Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India)
M. I. Karyakin (Southern Federal University, Russia)
Y. H. Kim (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea)
C.-T. Lin (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
M. B. Manuilov (Southern Federal University, Russia)
A. V. Metelitsa (Southern Federal University, Russia)
V. I. Minkin (Southern Federal University, Russia)
E.L. Mukhanov (Southern Federal University, Russia)
Nurmawati (University of 45 Surabaya, Indonesia)
N. Phu- Khanh (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
I. Prasetyawan (Lloyd Register Asia, Malaysia)
N. Quoc-Hung (Vietnamese-German University, Vietnam)
M. A. Rahim (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
8Sajiyo (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
T.-T. Shih (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
A. N. Soloviev (Don State Technical University, Russia)
H. Trung-Hai (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
P. Van- Hung (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
T. Van- Nghia (Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
I. A. Verbenko (Southern Federal University, Russia)
W. Widiasih (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
J.-K. Wu (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
M.-C. Wu (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, ROC)
Secretariats
D. Anh-Tuan (Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, Vietnam)
V. A. Chebanenko (South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences,
Russia)A. V. Cherpakov (Southern Federal University, Russia)
P. Duc-An (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, VASE, Vietnam)
N.T. Hong-Minh (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, VASE,
Vietnam)N. Huu- Quang (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, VASE,
Vietnam)Yu. V. Klunnikova (Southern Federal University, Russia)
S. J. Park (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea)
E. P. Putri (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
M. S. Shevtsova (RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Germany)
T. The-Van (Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, Vietnam)
H.-W. Tin (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
T. Van-The (Hung Yen University of Technology and Education, Vietnam)
C. E. Vassilchenko (Southern Federal University, Russia)
Scientific Program Committee
O. A. Ageev (Southern Federal University, Russia)
B. Anh- Hoa (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
N. Anh-Tu (Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam)
9M.Z. Ansari (PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing Jabalpur, India)
R. G. Atram (Institute of Science, Nagpur, India)
B. M. Bahirwar (Gurunanak College of Science, Ballarpur, India)
Y.-Y. Bu (National University of Tainan, Taiwan, ROC)
S. I. Builo (Southern Federal University, Russia)
J.-C. Chen (Vanung University, Taiwan, ROC)
R.-B. Chen (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
C.-L. Chiu (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
K.-K. Chong (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
L. Cong-Nho (Vietnam Maritime University, Vietnam)
D. Dinh-Phuong (Institute of Materials Sciences, Vietnam Academy of
Science and Technology, Vietnam)
N. Dinh-Tung (Research Institute of Agricultural Machinery, RIAM,
Vietnam)Y.-C. Fang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
J.-J. Ho (National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan, ROC)
T. Hoanh-Son (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
H. Hong-Hai (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
Y.-Z. Hsieh (National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan, ROC)
C.-L. Huang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
J.-H. Go (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea)
B. S. Jagdale (Science and Commerce College, India)
F.-S. Juang (National Formosa University, Taiwan, ROC)
P. Koinkar (Tokushima University, Japan)
S. B. Kondawar (R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur, India)
G. Kusnanto (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
Kuswanto (University of Darul Ulum, Jombang, Indonesia)
C.-Y. Lee (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
J. J.-Y. Lee (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
J.-W. Lee (Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, South Korea)
T.-F. Lee (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
10Taiwan, ROC)
P.-H. Lei (National Formosa University, Taiwan, ROC)
C.-F. Lin (National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan, ROC)
C.-H. Lin (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
C.-Y. Liu (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
H. Long (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, VASE, Vietnam)
T. R. Mahale (Science and Commerce College, India)
I. P. Miroshnichenko (Don State Technical University, Russia)
M. A. More (S.P. Pune University, Pune, India)
S. Mukherjee (PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology, Designand Manufacturing Jabalpur, India)
R.-I. Murakami (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
M. Nafi (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
A. N. Nakagaito (Tokushima University, Japan)
D. V. Nandanwar (Shri M. M. College of Science, Nagpur, India)
A. V. Nasedkin (Southern Federal University, Russia)
N. Ngoc-Trung (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
A. E. Panich (Southern Federal University, Russia)
C.-W. Park (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea)
S.-J. Park (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea)
S.D. Patel (PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing, India)
A. V. Patil (L.V.H. College, India)
J.-H. Pee (Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, South Korea)
N. Phong-Dien (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
J. N. Ramteke (Shri M. M. College of Science, Nagpur, India)
L. A. Reznichenko (Southern Federal University, Russia)
F. Rodli (University of Maarif Hasyim Latif, Sidoarjo, Indonesia)
V. Sangawar (Institute of Science, India)
H. Seputro (University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia)
T. Sheorey (PDPM-Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing, India)
S. N. Shevtsov (South Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences,
Russia)M.-C. Shihg (National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC)
D.-H. Shin (Korean Air Tech Center, South Korea)
11

T.-J. Su (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
M. A. Sumbatyan (Southern Federal University, Russia)
J. C. Sun (Dalian Maritime University, China)
R. Sunder (BiSS (P) Ltd, India)
H. Tien-Dung (Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam)
N. Tien-Han (Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam)
V. Toan-Thang (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
V. Yu. Topolov (Southern Federal University, Russia)
B. Trung-Thanh (Hung Yen University of Technology and Education,
Vietnam)T. Trung Thanh (Vietnamese-German University, Vietnam)
D. Van-Chien (Vietnam Association for Science Editing, Vietnam)
D. Van- Hai (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
P. Van-Hieu (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, VASE, Vietnam)
N. Van- Ngu (Hoa Binh University, Vietnam)
N. Van-Thien (Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam)
A. O. Vatulyan (Southern Federal University, Russia)
T. Viet-Anh (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam)
F.-T. Wang (Hwa Hsia University of Technology, Taiwan, ROC)
H.-Y. Wang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
J.-P. Wang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
C.-E. Weng (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
C.-M. Wu (National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
C.-C. Yang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
C.-D. Yang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
C.-F. Yang (National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC)
S.-H. Yang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
M.-Y. Yeh (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
C.-Y. Yen (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
S.-W. Yoon (Research Institute of Medium & Small Shipbuilding, South
Korea)
12

S.-F. Zhao (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Taiwan, ROC)
Local Organizing Committee
Y.-H. Kim (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, South Korea)
N.-A. Noda (Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan)
G. Hotta (National Institute of Technology, Ariake College, Japan)
Y. Nakamura (Kagoshima University, Japan)
K. Oda (Oita University, Japan)
H. Sakamoto (Doshisha University, Japan)
Y. Sano (Maruei Kako Corporation, Japan)
Y. Takase (Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan)

13

K2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

Preface………………………………………………………………………………...……..…... 30
TABLE OF ABSTRACTS
Adeel Ahmad Jamil, Chitsan Lin, Zulfiqar Ali. A Bag of Expressions-based Method
for the Recognition of Vehicle Make and Model ………………………………………………... 31
S. M. Afonin. Absolute Stability of Control System for Deformation ofElectromagnetoelastic Actuator under Random Impacts in Nanoresearch………………………. 32
Alexandra Starnikova, Irina Gulyaeva, Khabibulla Abdullin, Victor Petrov. Study ofGas-sensitive Properties of Materials Based on ZnO Nanorods to Nitrogen Dioxide (IV)……… 33
Alexey M. Kolesnikov. Tubular Dielectric Elastomer Actuator Reinforced with
two Families of Fibers ………………………………………………………………………….... 34
T. M. Andreeva, Yu. E. Drobotov. On the Solution of Convolutional Equation inSpaces of Holomorphic Functions of Prescribed Growth………………………………………... 35
Andrey S. Vasiliev, Sergei S. Volkov, Sergei M. Aizikovich. Approximated Analyticalsolutions for Contact Problems for Piezoelectric Solids with Functionally Graded Coatings ….. 36
N.V. Andros, I.V. Morshneva. Occurrence of 3D Periodic Convective Flows in
a Vertical Layer with Moving Boundaries………………………………………………………. 36
K.P. Andryushin, I.N. Andryushina, L.A. Reznichenko. The Effect of BiographicalDefects on the Electrophysical Properties of n-component Ferroactive
Solid Solutions of Composition PZT – PZN – PMN ……………………………………………. 37
I.N. Andryushina, K.P. Andryushin, L.A. Reznichenko. The Structure, Microstructure
and Piezoelectric Properties of Highly Sensitive Ferroelectric Ceramics ………………………. 38
I.N. Andryushina, E.V. Triger, N.A. Nikiforova, K.P. Andryushin, L.A. Reznichenko.
Stability of the Polarized State in Ferroelectric Piezoelectric Ceramics of Various
Ferrohardness Degrees ………………………………………………………………………….. 39
M. R. Aridi, N.A. Noda, Y. Sano, K. Takata, S. Zifeng. Effect of the ResidualStress to the Fatigue Failure of the Bimetallic Roll in 4-High Rolling Mill ……………………. 40
Arkadiy N. Soloviev, Alexander N. Epikhin, Denis V. Krasnov. Modeling the Interactionof Elastic Haptic Parts of Two Intraocular Lenses Located in the Capsular Bag of the Lens…... 41
A. N. Soloviev, D. K. Nadolin, Pavel A. Oganesyan. Developmentof Standalone Computational Modules for ACELAN-COMPOS Package …………………….. 43
A.Soloviev, N. Glushko, A. Epikhin, M. Swain, О. N. Lesnyak, А. Е. Ivanov.
Finite Element Modeling of the Interaction of an Ocular Prosthesis
with the Corneal Tissue of the Eye ………………………………………………………….……. 44
Arkadiy N. Soloviev, Pavel A. Oganesyan, Evgenia Kirillova, V. A. Chebanenko. Modelingof Multisection Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices Based on Applied Theory ………….. 45
V.I. Avilov, N.A. Sharapov, N.V. Polupanov, V.A. Smirnov.
Temperature Stability of Resistive Switching in Titanium Oxide Nanostructures ……………... 46
14

R.A. Bardakova, A.A. Kotova, A.A. Matrosov. The Impact of Deterministic andStochastic Loads on the Support of the Offshore Platform……………………………………… 47
E.M. Bayan, V.V. Petrov, V.Yu. Storozhenko, M.G. Volkova. Preparation andCharacterization of Transparent Sn-ZnO Thin Films Obtained by Pyrolysis …………………… 48
O. A. Belyak. Wave Fields in an Orthotropic Strip Weakened bya Cylindrical Cavity of Small Characteristic Size ………………………………………………. 49
O.A. Belyak, T.V. Suvorova. On the Prediction of the Mechanical andTribological Properties of Dispersively Filled Composites.…………………………………….. 50
Т.I. Belyankova, E.I. Vorovich, V.V. Kalinchuk, O.M. Tukodova. Features of RayleighWaves Propagation in Structures with FGPM Coating Made of Various Materials……………. 51
Т.I. Belyankova, E.I. Vorovich, V.V. Kalinchuk, O.M. Tukodova.
Specific Features of SH-Waves Propagation in Structures with Prestressed
Inhomogeneous Coating Made of Piezoceramics Based on LiNbO3…………………………… 52
Biao Wang, Nao-Aki Noda, Yoshikazu Sano, Xi Liu, Yuto Inui, Bei-fen Siew. Nut Height
Effect on Anti-loosening Performance of Pitch Difference Bolt Nut Connections…………….. 53
O. V. Bocharova, I. E. Andjikovich, A. V. Sedov, V. V. Kalinchuk.
An Effective Method for Recognizing Heterogeneities in Composite Materials......................... 53
I.V. Bogachev. Modeling of Biological Tissues Taking into Account the Residual Stress …… 54
I.V. Bogachev. On the Identification of the Characteristics of Functional-Gradient
Plates in the Framework of the Kirchhoff and Timoshenko Models …………………………... 55
I.V. Bogachev, A.O. Vatulyan. On the Modeling of Delamination of
an Inhomogeneous Polymer Coating of a Strip ………………………………………………... 56
A. S. Bogatin, E. N. Sidorenko, S. P. Shpanko, K. G. Abdulvakhidov.
Relaxation Processes in the Organic Anti-Corrosion Films……………………………………. 57
N.A. Boldyrev, E.I. Sitalo. Maxwell-Wagner Relaxation in
the Layered (1 – x)NaNbO3 – xCa2Nb2O7 Ceramics …………………………………………... 58
Boris V. Bondarev. New Quantum Spaser Theory…………………………………………….. 60
Boris V. Bondarev. Theory of Ball Lightning…………………………………………………. 61
N.V. Boyev. Asymptotics of Displacements in Back-reflected
Ultrasonic Waves from a 3D Defect Located in an Elastic Material ………………………….. 62
V.A. Brazhnikov, D. D. Fugarov,O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev.
Power Processing Equipment of Oil Refineries………………………………………………... 63
B. Witjaksana, S. Astutik, W. Oetomo, Romadhon. Failure Risk Analysis of Centralized
Domestic Wastewater Management System in Buleleng
District (With Failure Mode Effect Analysis Method) ……………………………… 64
I.Zh. Bunin, I.A. Khabarova. Effect of High-Voltage Nanosecond Pulses
Treatment on the Surface Properties and Floatability of Pentlandite and Pyrrhotite…………... 65
N.I. Buravchuk, O.V. Guryanova, E. P. Putri. Influence of Technogenic
Raw Materials on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ceramic Products…………….... 66
N.I. Buravchuk, O.V. Guryanova. E. P. Putri. Technological Aspects of Obtaining
Disperse-grained Composites Based on Solid Combustible Carbon-Containing Waste ……… 69
Chang-Wook Park, Sung-Won Yoon. Mechanical Properties ofLarge-Scale Composite Structures according to Process Conditions………………………….. 73
M.I. Chebakov, S.A. Danilchenko. Modeling the Contact Interaction of
Spherical Hinge Joint in the Presence of Wear ………………………………………………... 73
15

M.I. Chebakov, A.A. Poddubny, E.M. Kolosova. Contact Problems on
the Interaction of Indenter and Poroelastic Base ………………………………………… 74
N. E. Chernenko, S.V. Balakirev, M. M. Eremenko, M. S. Solodovnik.
Effect of the Arsenic Molecular Form on the Indium Nanodroplet Crystallization …………... 75
A.V. Cherpakov, A.N. Soloviev, I.A. Parinov, V.A. Chebanenko, E. V. Rozhkov,
S.-H. Chang, C.-C. Yang. Modeling a Rotary Drive of a Piezoelectric Generator……............. 76
A.V. Cherpakov, A.N. Soloviev, I.A. Parinov, O.V. Shilyaeva, S.-H. Chang, C.-F. Lin.
Application of Neural Network Technologies for Identifying Defect Sizes in a Half-plane….. 77
A.V. Cherpakov, A.N. Soloviev, I.A. Parinov, O.V. Shilyaeva, S.-H. Chang, C.-F. Lin.
Using Neural Networks to Analyze the Shape of a Defect in a Layered Structure during
Its Modeling ………………………………………………………………………………….... 78
C. C. Yen, W.C. Lin, Z. H. Wang, G. F. Chen, D. Y. Chou, D. M. Lin, S. Y. Lin,M. H. Zhan, T. F. Lee. Correlation between Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound andDual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry Bone Density…………………………………………...... 79
Chih Chin Yang, Hung Yeh Lin. Volt-ampere Type Relative Humidity
Sensing Devices using Indium-Based Sensing Film on a Porous Silicon Substrate…………... 80
C. C. Yang, Y. L. Hsiao, Z. H. Wu, Y. H. Hsu, I. A. Parinov, S. H. Chang. Respiration
Sensing Devices Based on Indium Nitride p-n Heterostructure on Silicon Porous Substrate … 81
C. C. Yang, Z. H. Wu, Y. L. Hsiao, Y. T. Li, S. H. Chang, I. A. Parinov. CapacitanceType p-InN/n-Si Heterostructure Sensing Devices on Silicon Unpolished Substrate…………. 83
C. F. Lin, C. C. Chuang, S. H. Chang, I. A. Parinov, S. Shevtsov. Space Time Block Code
Based FBMC Advanced Underwater Image Communication Technology……………………. 85
C. K. Yeh, C. Lin, H. C. Shen, Z. W. Kuo, W. Lukkhasorn. Using Activated Quantum
Reagent to Transform the Quality of Poultry and Animal Manure and its Recycling ……..….. 86
C. Lin, N. K. Cheruiyot, W. Lukkhasorn, L. T. Hieu. Using a Novel Graphene-Ceramic
Composite Material in the Adsorption of Aromatic Volatile Organic Compounds ……………. 87
Daniil O. Nepryakhin, Michael Yu. Zhukov. Numerical Study of
the Plane Free Liquid Surface Oscillations in an Elliptical Paraboloid ………………………... 88
V.G. Dneprovski, I.A. Parinov. Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors of Breath…………………… 89
Dong-Ho Yang, Sung-Youl Bae. Design and Evaluation of Automated
Preform Equipment for Ship Manufacturing…………………………………………………… 90
Dong-Hun Yang, Soo-Jeong Park, Yun-Hae Kim. A Study on Lightweight
Design of Ultra High-Pressure Composite Pressure Vessel for Hydrogen Gas………………... 90
Yu. E. Drobotov. Method for Computing the General Inverse of RectangularMatrix and its Applications in Engineering Problems………………………………………….. 91
Yu. E. Drobotov, A. V. Cherpakov. On Mathematical Processing of
Test Results of Structural Vibrations with Inhomogeneity…………………………………….. 92
Yu. E. Drobotov, B. G. Vakulov. The Riesz Potential Type Operator with
Power-Logarithmic Kernel in Mathematical Modelling……………………………………….. 92
Yu. E. Drobotov, G. A. Zhuravlev. Method of Local Approximations for
Calculating Stress Concentration in Elastic Bodies with Projections of Complex Shapes…….. 93
S. I. Dudkina, L. A. Shilkina, L. A. Reznichenko, I. A. Verbenko.
Phase Patterns and Electrophysical Macro-responses in Solid
Solutions of the Multicomponent Systems Based on Lead Zirconate Titanate………………… 94
D.D. Dukhan, S.V. Balakirev, M.M. Eremenko, N.E. Chernenko, M.S. Solodovnik.
16

Investigation of Influence of Nonstationary Supersaturated Environment on
Characteristics of In/GaAs Nanostructures Formed by Droplet Epitaxy ………………………. 95
Duy-Hieu Nguyen, Chitsan Lin. Investigating the Effectiveness of
Shore-line Power Using AERMOD Model under the Aspect of Ship Emission ………………. 96
Edi Santoso, Ichlas Wahid, Maula Nafi. Effect of Voltage and Current to MIG Welding with
1 mm Filler Diameter to The Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints of Commercial Steel…. 97
V.V. Efremov, M.N. Palatnikov, O.B. Shcherbina. High Dielectric Constant at
Room Temperature in a Family of Solid Solutions LixNa1-xTayNb1-yO3 (у = 0.1 – 0.5)
Synthesized at High Pressure…………………………………………………………………… 98
I.O. Egorochkina, I.A. Serebryanaya, E.A. Shlyakhova. Monitoring
the Condition of Structures of an Existing Building Near New Construction………………..… 99
I.О. Egorochkina, Е.A. Shlyakhova, А.V. Cherpakov, I.A. Parinov,
M.-Y. Yeh, C.-D Yang. Formation of the Structure of Heavy
Concrete with Increased Crack Resistance……………………………………………………. 100
I.О. Egorochkina, Е.A. Shlyakhova, А.V. Cherpakov, I.A. Parinov, S.-H. Chang.
Impact of Substandard Aggregates on the Effectiveness of Chemical Additives ……………. 101
I.О. Egorochkina, Е.A. Shlyakhova, А.V. Cherpakov, I.A. Parinov,
M.-Y. Yeh, C.-D Yang. Influence of Chemical, Mineralogical and Textural
Features of Aggregates on the Processes of Structure Formation in Concrete ………………. 102
I.О. Egorochkina, Е.A. Shlyakhova, А.V. Cherpakov, I.A. Parinov, Y.-M. Liu.
Optimization of the Composition of the Repair Mixture Based on
Non-shrinking and Expanding Cements………………………………………………………. 103
I.О. Egorochkina, Е.A. Shlyakhova, А.V. Cherpakov, I.A. Parinov, C.-Y. Jenny Lee,
C.-C. Yang. Statistical Methods for Predicting and Preventing the Appearance ofa Defect in Efflorescence on the Surface of Brickwork………………………………………. 104
Endija Namsone, Denis Ermakov. Characterisation of Woven Composite
Material Properties by Using an Inverse Technique Based on Vibration Tests ……………… 105
M. M. Eremenko, S. V. Balakirev, N.E. Chernenko, M. S. Solodovnik, O. A. Ageev.
Study of the Growth of GaAs on Silicon with Amorphized Areas ……………………………106
Erni Puspanantasari Putri, Sukon Aduldaecha. A Case Study: Application ofBusiness Process Re-engineering in Company ………………………………………………. 107
Erni Puspanantasari Putri, Sukon Aduldaecha. Case Study of the Keys to
Success of Supply Chain Management in Company………………………………………….. 108
Erni Puspanantasari Putri, Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri. A Case Study of Creative
Industry Development Strategy in Sidoarjo Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia ……….. 109
Erni Puspanantasari Putri, Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri. Development
Strategy of Creative Economy and Creative Industry in Surabaya, Indonesia………………... 110
Erni Puspanantasari Putri, Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri.
The Survival Strategy of Indonesia MSMEs Development in
Facing the Economic Crisis due to the COVID-19 Outbreak …………………………………110
Evgeny Barkanov, Pavel Akishin, Andris Chate. Non-direct Optimisation of
Coupled Thermo-chemical Problem in Pultrusion of Thin-walled Angle Profile……………. 111
O.A. Ezhova, I.E. Lysenko, D.V. Naumenko. Research of
the Developed Design of Micromechanical Linear Acceleration
Sensor in Systems of Stabilization and Registration of the Objects Position………………… 112
17

S.I. Fomenko, M.V. Golub, A.D. Khanazaryan, A.N. Shpak.
Elastic Wave Propagation in Layered Periodic Dielectric Elastomers……………………….. 113
D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, A.Bondar, D.A. Onyshko.
Catalytic Alkylation of Isobutane with Olefins as Automation Object………………………. 114
D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, N.I. Kazimirov, D.A. Onyshko.
Monitoring of Normal Operating Modes of Operative DC Systems…………………………. 114
D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, D.E. Kondratyev, D.A. Onyshko.
Mathematical Modeling of Long Pipeline……………………………………………………. 115
D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, V.V. Terehov, D.A. Onyshko.
Centralized and Uninterrupted Power Supply for Oil and Gas Enterprises………………….. 116
D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, A.D. Trofimenko, D.A. Onyshko.
Measurement of Large Amplitude Currents during Diagnostics of AC Circuit Switches…… 117
D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, D.V. Vovchenko, D.A. Onyshko.
Building Base Blocks of Imitation Simulation………………………………………………. 117
G.A. Geguzina. Solid Solutions of Binary Perovskites and Their
Ferroelectric and Magnetic Phase Transitions Temperature Differences……………………. 118
E.V. Glazunova, I.A. Verbenko, A.A. Nikulina. The Effect of Strontium
Pyroniobate on Phase Formation and Properties of the KNN System……………………….. 120
E.V. Glushkov, N.V. Glushkova, O.A. Miakisheva, S.I. Fomenko, A.M. Tatarinov.
Analysis of the Influence of Cortical Bone Thickness, Soft Tissue, andPorosity on Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Osteoporosis Diagnostics………………………... 121
Ie.Ie. Gorbenko, E.P. Тroitskaya, E.A. Pilipenko, I.A. Verbenko, E.V. Glazunova.
Influences of the Three-Body Interaction and the Deformation of Electron
Shells of Atoms on Phonons Energy of Compressed Rare-Gas Crystals…………………….. 122
A.V. Guryanov, M.V. Il’ina, O.I. Osotova, O.I. Il’in. Establishing Conditions for
the Manifestation of the Piezoelectric Response of Carbon Nanotubes……………………… 123
Gyanendra Pratap Singh, Mukesh Kumar Roy. Influence of Thermal
Calcination on Dielectric and Impedance Properties of ZnO Nanostructures…………………124
Hanie Teki Tjendani, Nick Yanie, Dwi Yuli Rakhmawati, Tisno Subroto.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting Costs Using Multiple Linear
Regression Method on the Implementation of Rehabilitation andRenovation of School Infrastructure Facilities in Pasuruan District …………………………. 125
Hanie Teki Tjendani, Wateno Oetomo, Risma Marleno. A System Dynamics
Approach to Risk Mitigation in Performance-based Contract Projects ……………………… 126
Hsueh Chen Shen, Chitsan Lin, Chin Ko Yeh, Wisanukorn Lukkhasorn,
Suei Chamg Wu. A Study on Nitrogen Oxides from Coal and Waste Tires in
Different Proportion of Mixed Burning………………………………………………………. 126
I Made Kastiawan, I Nyoman Sutantra, Sutikno. Characteristics of
Bottom Ash as Reinforcement of the Polypropylene Composite ……………………………. 127
Ichlas Wahid, Maula Nafi. Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Analysis of
Heated Aluminum-2042 with Variation of Aging Temperature and Aging Time………….…128
А.А. Ipatov, S.Yu. Litvinchuk. Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Behaviour of
Poroviscoelastic Solids Using Boundary Element Approach………………………………..… 128
A. N. Isaeva, V. Yu. Topolov. Figures of Merit of Novel Piezo-active Lead-free Composites.. 129
T. H. Jang, M. K. Bae, J. G. Choi, T.G. Kim. Multi-layer Thin
18

Film Deposition for High-performance X-ray Field Emission Characteristics…………………131
Jeong-Hyo Hong, Tianyu yu, Soo-Jeong Park, Yun-Hae Kim. Experimental Study on
Mechanical Properties of Sandwich Composites with Integrating Auxetic-core
Structure Using FDM 3D Printer………………………………………………………………. 132
Jeong Wan Kim, Mun Ki Bae, Tae Gyu Kim. MgF2 Nanoparticle coating to
Improve the Efficiency of Light Hazard in DSLR Cameras………………………………….... 132
Jin-Cheol Ha, Soo-Jeong Park, Yun-Hae Kim. Corrosion Mechanism and Degradation
Behaviour of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites in Sulfuric Acid Solution…………………. 133
I.L. Jityaev, A.M. Svetlichnyi, A.S. Kolomiitsev, G.D. Gavrishchakin, A.I. Kovalets.
Planar Multitip Field Emission Nanostructures……………………………………………….... 134
I.L. Jityaev, A.M. Svetlichnyi, A.S. Kolomiitsev, A.I. Kovalets, G.D. Gavrishchakin.
Matrix Blade Field Emission Cathodes……………………………………………………….... 135
S.V. Kara-Murza, K.M. Zhidel, N.V. Korchikova, Yu.V. Tekhtelev, A.V. Pavlenko,
A.G. Silcheva. Optical Properties of Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 (SBN-61) Films
Depending on Their Thickness…………………………………………………………………. 136
G.Ya. Karapetyan, V.E. Kaydashev, M.E. Kutepov, T.A. Minasyan, V.A. Kalinin,
V.O. Kislitsyn, E.M. Kaidashev. Investigation of the Dependence of
the Velocity of SAW Propagation under FeNi Films, Located on Lithium
Niobate Substrates, on Magnetic Field…………………………………………………………. 137
G.Ya. Karapetyan, M.E. Kutepov, V.A. Kalinin, V.O. Kislitsyn, E.M. Kaidashev.
SAW Current Sensor with FeNi Film…………………………………………………………... 138
R. Kawano, B. Wang, N.A. Noda, Y. Sano, X. Liu, Y. Inui, B. Siew. Effect of Pitch
Difference and Root Radius on Anti-loosening Performance of Bolt Nut Connections……….. 139
M.I. Kazmenko, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev.
Synthetic Ethyl Alcohol Synthesis Technology………………………………………………… 140
S. V. Khasbulatov, A. V. Nagaenko, L. A. Shilkina, E. V. Glazunova, S. I. Dudkina,
I. A. Verbenko, L. A. Reznichenko, N.A. Boldyrev. Features of
the BST/Ln-Ceramic Microstructure…………………………………………………………… 141
S. V. Khasbulatov, L. A. Shilkina, S. I. Dudkina, I. A. Verbenko,
L. A. Reznichenko, N.A. Boldyrev. On the Dependence of the Curie
Temperature of Solid Solutions of the BST/REE System on
the Chemical Composition and Position on the Phase Diagram ………………………………. 142
J.E. Kim, M. K. Song, M. S. Han, J.D. Kim. A Study on the Removal of Paint andOxide Layer on the Steel Surface by Laser Beam Scanning Method………………………….. 143
J.S. Kim, J.D. Kim. Comparison of Weldability of Laser and Laser-Arc Hybrid
Welding for Ship Manufacturing using Environmentally Friendly Aluminum Alloys………... 144
I.A. Kirichenko, I.B. Starchenko. Prospects for the Use of Hydroacoustic Tools
Based on Nonlinear Interaction of Acoustic Waves in Underwater Archaeology ……………. 144
Kirtan K. Sahu, Vijay K. Gupta. Buckling Load Analysis of Single Stage andMultistage Hydraulic Cylinder by Successive Approximation Method ………………………. 145
V.S. Klimin, A.A. Rezvan, T.A. Zubova. Nanoscale Carbon Cells with Gas and
Gas Mixture Detection…………………………………………………………………………. 148
Yu.V. Klunnikova, M.V. Anikeev. Molecular Dynamic Simulations of
Sapphire Deformation Behavior……………………………………………………………….. 149
19

Yu.V. Klunnikova, S.P. Malyukov, A.V. Filimonov. Influence of
Sapphire Substrates Defective Layer on Microelectronic Devices …………………………… 150
A.A. Kompaniets, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev.
Operation Modes of Power Protection Facilities……………………………………………… 151
A.S. Kornievsky, A.V. Nasedkin. Computer Investigation of Nanoporous
Elastic Composites with Various Sizes and Structure of Pores……………………………….. 152
S.V. Korolenko, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev.
Analysis of Elemental Sulphur Production Flow Charts ……………………………………... 153
M. I. Kovalenko, S. I. Dudkina, L. A. Reznichenko. Crack Formation and
Self-destruction Effects in Ceramics Based on the Alkali Metal Niobates …………………... 154
T.V. Krasnyakova, D.V. Nikitenko, I.A. Verbenko, S.A. Mitchenko.
The Effect of the Preparation Conditions on the Catalytic Activity ofК2PdCl4 in the Reaction of Methyl Alcohol with Acetylene …………………………………. 155
D.A. Kravchuk, I.B. Starchenko. Reconstruction of the
Optical Acoustic Signal for Visualization of Biological Tissues……………………………… 156
S.P. Kubrin, S.I. Raevskaya, J. Zhuang, Z. Tang, E.P. Shihova, S.A. Shlyahova,
V.V. Titov, I.P. Raevski, M.A. Malitskaya. Studies of Magnetic and Local States of
Fe3+ Ions in (1 – x)Bi0.9Dy0.1FeO3 – xPbTiO3 Solid Solution…………………………………. 157
S. P. Kubrin, M. Yu. Silin, I. P. Raevski, D. A. Sarychev, V. V. Titov, V. A. Ershin,
S. I. Raevskaya, M. A. Malitskaya.Mossbauer Studies of Compositional Ordering in
Ternary Perovskite Pb2CoWO6 and Pb2CoWO6 – PbTiO3 Solid Solution……………………. 158
O.V. Kudryakov, V.N. Varavka, I.Yu. Zabiyaka, A.V. Sidashov, E.S. Novikov.
Synthesis, Electronic Structure, Microstructure and Properties of Vacuum
Ion-Plasma Coatings Based on Carbon……………………………………………………….. 159
L.G. Kurakin, A.V. Kurdoglyan. Semi-Invariant Form of Equilibrium
Stability Criteria for Systems with Two Cosymmetries………………………………………. 160
L.G. Kurakin, I.A. Lysenko, S.A. Lysenko. On the Stability ofa Regular Vortex Polygon in a Two-fluid Plasma…………………………………………….. 161
L.G. Kurakin, N. V. Shilova. Analysis of the Stability of a Regular System ofVortex Charges outside the Circular Region in the Case of an Arbitrary
Circulation around the Boundary……………………………………………………………… 162
M.E. Kutepov, T.A. Minasyan, G.Ya. Karapetyan, V.E. Kaydashev,
I.V. Lisnevskaya, K.G. Abdulvakhidov, A.A. Kozmin, E.M. Kaidashev.
Optimizing VO2 Film Properties for Use in SAW Devices ……………………………….….. 163
Kyo-Moon Lee, Soo-Jeong Park, Seong-Jae Park, Yu Tianyu, Yun-Hae Kim.
Quantifying of the Internal Defects Content in CF-PEKK throughWater Absorption Behavior…….…………………………………………….....……………... 164
Laksono Djoko Nugroho, Tiwi Sri Rejeki, Hudhiyantoro, Budi Santoso.
Optimization and Management Strategy Resources for Water
Fulfillment of Community water in Mojokerto District, East Java…………………………… 164
Levan Ichkitidze, Alexander Markov, Mikhail Savelev, Alexander Gerasimenko,
Pavel Vasilevsky, Eugenia Davydova, Elizaveta Smirnova, Dmitry Telyshev,
Sergei Selishchev. Ordering of Carbon Nanotubes in Aqueous Dispersion of
Nanomaterials under the Influence of Femtosecond Laser Radiation…………………………. 165
Levan Ichkitidze, Mikhail Belodedov, Sergei Selishchev, Dmitry Telyshev.
20

Influence of Fractality of Normal Clusters on the Resistivity of a Ceramic Superconductor…. 166
G.Yu. Levi, I.B. Mikhailova. The Effect of Heat-conducting Coating on the
Propagation of the Waves Excited by Heat in the Thermoelastic Bodies …………………….. 168
I. V. Lisnevskaya, I. A. Aleksandrova. Interfacial Reactions and Functional Propertiesof Magnetoelectric Composites of Lead-free Piezoelectrics and Yttrium Iron Garnet………... 169
Luyen The-Thanh, Mac Thi-Bich, Banh Tien-Long, Nguyen Duc-Toan. A Comparison
Study by Simulation/Experiment to Verify the Effect of Predicted Forming Limit
Diagram Based on Graphical Method at Elevated Temperature for SPCC Sheet Material…… 170
A. V. Lyasnikova, I. P. Melnikova, A. L. Nikolaev. Improving the Functional Characteristics
of Biocompatible Coatings of Bone Implants due to Modification of the Initial Powders …… 170
A. V. Lyasnikova, V.M. Taran, M.V. Dodonov. Probability-network Modeling of
Nanocomposite Porous Coatings Structure……………………………………………………. 171
I.E. Lysenko, D.V. Naumenko, O.A. Ezhova. Pantograph Lever Structure
MEMS Accelerometer with High Aspect Ratio Torsion Suspension…………………………. 172
I.V. Malyshev, N.V. Parshina. The Method of Definition the ElectrophysicalParameters of Spiral Inclusions in Chiral Metamaterials……………………………………… 173
I. S. Malysheva. Asymptotics of Eigenvalues of Large Symmetric
Toeplitz Matrices with Smooth Simple-loop Symbols………………………………………... 174
I.P. Markov, L.A. Igumnov, E.V. Boev. Dynamic Boundary Element
Analysis of Three-dimensional Multiply Connected Linear Piezoelectric Solids…………….. 174
I.P. Markov, A.N. Petrov, A.V. Boev. An Algorithm for Iterative Selection ofComplex Frequencies Applied to a One-dimensional Dynamic Poroelastic Problem ………... 175
Maula Nafi, Harjo Seputro. Microstructure and Tensile Stress Analysis on
T6 Heat Treated Aluminum-Bottom Ash Coal Composite made by Squeeze Casting………... 176
Yu. F. Migal. DFT Study of Strengths of TiAlN Coating on Iron Surface……………………. 176
Min-Gyu Jeon, Jeong-Woong Hong, Deog-Hee Doh, Yoshihiro Deguchi.
Temperature Measurement of Turbulent Flame Using CT-TDLAS(Computed Tomography-Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy)…………………… 178
Min Yen Yeh, Sheng Min Huang, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Jenny Chih-Yu Lee,
Chih-Feng Yen, Chyi-Da Yang. Preparation of Zinc Silicate Doped with
Manganese Phosphor by Hydrothermal Method………………………………………………. 179
I.P. Miroshnichenko, I.A. Parinov. On Extension of Functional Possibilities of
the Optical Interference Meter of the Surface Displacements of Control Objects…………….. 180
I.P. Miroshnichenko, V.P. Sizov. On the Features of Spatial Temporal
Distribution of Displacements and Stresses in Layered Constructional Materials at
Diagnostics of Their State by Acoustic Active Non-destructive Testing Methods …………… 181
E.A. Moguchikh, K.O. Paperzh, A.A. Alekseenko, A.A. Palchikov. The Influence of
the Structure on the Characteristics of Pt/C and Pt/C-N Electrocatalysts …………………….. 182
M.O. Moysa, A.V. Nagaenko, K.P. Andryushin, L.A. Reznichenko. Features of theMicrostructure of Ferroactive Ceramics of the KNN-Cd0.5NbO3 System ……………………. 183
Muhyin, Dwi Yuli Rakhmawati, Fahreza Rukmana Witjaksono. Effect of Variation in
the Composition of the Basic Ingredients and Briquette Pressure on Calorific
Value and Temperature value of the Briquette Mixture of Rice Husk and Coconut Shell…… 184
A. N. Nakagaito, Y. Katsumoto, H. Takagi. Fabrication of Strong
Macrofibers from Plant Fiber Bundles………………………………………………………... 185
21

A.V. Nasedkin, M.E. Nassar. Regarding Unexpected Properties of Porous Piezocomposites
with Different Maximal Electrical and Mechanical Properties on the Pore Boundary……….. 186
Natalia V. Petrovskaya. Convective Motions in a Rotating Spheroid at
Vanishing Dissipation ………………………………………………………………………... 187
A.V. Nazarenko, A.V. Pavlenko, Y.I. Yurasov. Studying of Dielectric Spectra of
YMNO3-based Solid Solutions with the Use of Complex Conductivity……………………... 188
R.D. Nedin. On Modelling and Identification of Prestress State in
Inhomogeneous Structures Including Coatings and Delamination Zones……………………. 190
I.V. Nemchenko, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, D.A. Onyshko. Automated System for
Monitoring Electrical Parameters of Process Equipment for Oil Refineries ………………… 191
S.A. Nesterov. On the Problem of Identifying Variable Thermomechanical
Characteristics of a Cylinder ………………………………………………………………… 192
Nevelskaya A.K., Belenov S.V. Investigation of the Activity of PtCuAu/C
Electrocatalysts in Alcohols Electrooxidation Reaction in Alkaline Media ……………….... 193
Nguyen Phu Thuong Luu. A New Design of Protection Device to
Improve Car-to-Truck Rear Under-ride ……………………………………………………... 194
Nguyen Phu Thuong Luu. An Optimal Design Truck Cabin
by Using Finite Element Model Simulation…………………………………………………. 194
Nguyen Van Dung, Vu Thi Lan Anh. Natural Radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th and
40K in Domestic Well Water and its Impact on the Health of People in Hanoi
Area (Extension), Vietnam…………………………………………………………………... 195
Nguyen Van Tho, A.N. Soloviev, M.A. Tamarkin, I.A. Panfilov.
Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Metal Removal fromWorkpiece Surface during Centrifugal Rotation Processing ……………………………….. 196
A L Nikolaev, M. A. Kazmina, N. V. Lyanguzov, K. G. Abdulvakhidov,
E. M. Kaidashev, S.M. Aizikovich. Design of Construction Elements for
Chemisensors Based on Zinc Oxide Nanorods……………………………………………… 197
N. A. Noda, D. Chen, R. Takaki, Y. Sano, Y. Takase. Intensity ofSingular Stress Field in Pull-out Test and Micro-bond Test………………………………… 198
D.A. Onyshko, A.V. Gayduchik, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina.
Technical Support of Low-power Multi-cell Wireless Networks…………………………… 199
D.A. Onyshko, A.A. Ponomarev, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina.
Automation of Monitoring of Technological Processes in the Oil and Gas Industry……….. 200
D.A. Onyshko, D.A. Saveliev, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina. Infocommunication
Technologies for Monitoring Systems of Technological Parameters of Remote Objects…... 202
D.A. Onyshko, P.Yu. Zhmaylov, D.D. Fugarov, O.A. Purchina.
Modern Technologies for Building a Wireless Sensor Network……………………………. 204
Pankaj Koinkar, Siddhant Dhongade, Akihiro Furube. Controlling the Optoelectrical
Properties of Two-dimensional Nanostructures Prepared by Laser Ablation in Liquid……...205
K.O. Paperzh, A.A. Alekseenko, A.Y. Nikulin. Highly Stable
Pt/C Catalysts with Different Mass Fraction of Platinum ………………………………...… 206
A.A. Pavelko, A.V. Pavlenko, A.A. Martynenko, L.A. Reznichenko.
Effect of Lithium Carbonate Modification on the Ferroelectric Phase
Transition Diffusion in Lead Ferroniobate Ceramics……………………………………….. 207
A.V. Pavlenko. Preparation and Structure of Thin PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 Films………………….. 208
22

Pavlenko A.V., Ter-Oganessian N.V. Piezoelectric and Dielectric Properties of
the NaNbO3(001)/SrRuO3(001)/MgO(001) Heterostructure………………………………... 209
A.S. Pavlets, A.A. Alekseenko, N.Yu. Tabachkova, V.E. Guterman. Influence ofAcid Treatment on the Functional Characteristics of PtCu/C Electrocatalysts……………... 210
D.V. Petrenko, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, D.A. Onyshko.
Analysis of Process Preparation of Process Polymer Mixtures………………………………211
А.N. Petrov, A.A. Belov, M.V. Grigoryev. Numerical Study on Screening ofSurface Waves Using a Rectangular Open Trench………………………………………….. 212
V.V. Petrov, V.V. Polyakov, Yu.N. Varzarev, V.V. Bespoludin, E.M. Bayan.
The Investigation of the Influence of Rapid Thermal Annealing Temperature on
the Formation of Cobalt Oxide Films……………………………………………………….. 213
T.A. Petrukhina, N.M. Polyakova. Turbulent Blood Flow ina Cylindrical Vessel with an Irregular Walls Profile……………………………………...… 214
A.E. Pianov, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev.
Waste Water Treatment in Reservoir Pressure Support Systems…………………………… 215
A. S. Piskunov, Yu. E. Drobotov. Random Vortex Method forModelling Flow of Viscous Incompressible Fluid in Bounded Regions…………………… 216
O. A. Purchina, D. D. Fugarov, S.R. Cherenok, D.A. Onyshko. Applying
Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Redistribute Connections between Outputs…………. 217
O. A. Purchina, D. D. Fugarov, A.V. Fedorov, D.A. Onyshko.
Algorithm for Redistribution of Connections between Outputs……………………………. 217
O. A. Purchina, D. D. Fugarov, S.O. Lagoyda, D.A. Onyshko.
Search Procedure Based on Modelling Collective Alternative Adaptation………………… 218
O. A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D. D. Fugarov, D.A. Onyshko.
Application of Hybrid Immune Algorithms to Solve Fuzzy Optimization Problems ………219
S.I. Raevskaya, N.M. Olekhnovich, A.V. Pushkarev, Y.V. Radyush, S.P. Kubrin,
V.V. Titov, E.A. Artseva, I.P. Raevski, S.I. Shevtsova, C-C. Chou, M.A. Malitskaya.
Chemical Ordering, Magnetic and Ferroelectric Phase Transitions in
Multiferroic BiFeO3 – AFe1/2Sb1/2O3 (A = Pb, Sr) Solid Solution Ceramics
Fabricated by a High-pressure Synthesis…………………………………………………... 220
Rahimah Abdul Rafar, Nao-Aki Noda, Xuchen Zheng, Hiroyuki Tsurumaru,
Yudai Taruya, Yoshikazu Sano. Effect of Driving Torque on Interfacial Creep
Generation for Shrink-fitted Bimetallic Work Roll Considering Elastic
Deformation of Shaft ……………………………………………………………………… 221
A.Sh. Rakhmatulin, V.D. Popov. Microaxelerometer Based on
Self-organizing Semiconductor Heterostructures………………………………………….. 222
E.V. Raksha, A.A. Davydova, Yu.V. Berestneva, O.N. Oskolkova, P.V. Sukhov,
V.A. Glazunova, G.K. Volkova, V.V. Gnatovskaya, O.M. Padun, M.V. Savoskin,
I.A. Verbenko, Yu.I. Yurasov. Nitrate Graphite Co-intercalated with Carboxylic Acids:
Structural Reorganization and Carbon Nanoparticles Obtaining………………………………. 223
E. A. Reshetnikova, I. V. Lisnevskaya, A. I. Terekhin. Problems ofHydrothermal Synthesis of Sodium Bismuth Titanate…………………………………………. 224
A.N. Reshetnyak, O.S. Reshetnyak. Use of Mathematical
Methods in Hydrochemical Researches of Natural Waters…………………………………….. 225
R.A. Retno Hastijanti, M. Bayu Abisatya. Eco-friendly Electric Tourism
23

Boat Design for Prone Rivers. Case Study: at Kalimas River, Surabaya, Indonesia ………….. 226
S.V. Revina, A.S. Ryabov. Turing Instability in the Gierer-Meinhardt System……………….. 227
A.A. Rezvan, V.S. Klimin, I.N. Kots, O.A. Ageev. The Use of Plasma
Chemical Methods for Producing Carbon Nanostructures Based on SiC……………………… 228
A.A. Rezvan, V.S. Klimin, J.V. Morozova. Carbon Based
Nanoelectronics Device Sensitive to Gas Parameters………………………………………….. 229
Ri-ichi Murakami, Wahyu Solafide. Effects of Water pH and Immersion Time on
Water Absorption Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber
Reinforced Bio Plastic Composites…………………………………………………………….. 230
Risma Marleno, Fajar Romadhon, Gede Sarya, Hari Susanto. Cost and Quality Analysis
of Using Steel Fibers in a Strong Pavement Using Laboratory Experimental Method………... 230
N.N. Rudyk, O.I. Il’in, A.V. Guryanov, M.V. Il’ina, A.A. Fedotov.
The Effect of Temperature during the Growth of CNTs on the Structure of Ni/TiN/Si ……… 231
E.V. Sadyrin, M.V. Swain, A.L. Nikolaev, A.S. Vasiliev, D.V. Yogina,
N.V. Lyanguzov, S.Yu. Maksyukov, S.M. Aizikovich. MolecularComposition of the White Spot Lesion Detected on the Human Molar…………………….… 232
Sajiyo, Faiz Muhammad Azhari, Haris Muhamadun, Priyoto. Analysis ofResistance Factor and Application Strategy of Work Safety and HealthApplications Construction Project Workers in Tulungagung Regency……………………….. 233
F.D. Savriddinov, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, D.A. Onyshko.
Monomethylamine Isolation Process………………………………………………………….. 234
I.V. Semenchatenko, A.A. Matrosov. Topological Optimization of the
Support of the Control Panel of a Numerically Controlled Machine ………………………… 235
Seong-Jae Park, Yu Tianyu, Kyo-Moon Lee, Soo-Jeong Park, Yun-Hae Kim.
Effect of Heating Rate on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Matrix ofCarbon/PEKK Composites in Thermoforming Process......................………………………... 236
I.A. Serebryanaya, A.A. Matrosov, D.A. Nizhnik, N.A. Poryadina.
Mathematical Simulation Testing of Some Building Materials………………………………. 236
Sergei M. Aizikovich, Andrey S. Vasiliev, Boris I. Mitrin, Evgeniy V.
Sadyrin. Simplified Analytical Expressions for Indentation Stiffness of Coated Solids andits Application for Experimental Analysis …………………………………………………… 237
O.B. Shcherbina, G.B. Kunshina, V.V. Efremov. Structure, Mechanical andElectrophysical Characteristics of Li-ion Conducting Ceramics Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3……..… 238
O.B. Shcherbina, S.M. Masloboeva, M.N. Palatnikov. Mixed Yttrium Tantalo-Niobates ….. 239
L.A. Shilkina, S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Reznichenko. Solubility Features ofRare Earth Elements in BST-ceramics. Part I: Large-sized Ln ……………………………… 240
L.A. Shilkina, S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Reznichenko. Solubility Features ofRare Earth Elements in BST-ceramics. Part II: Small-sized Ln ……………………………... 241
L.A. Shilkina, S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Reznichenko, S.I. Dudkina.
Experimental Confirmation of Spinodal Decomposition in the Ba1-xSrxTiO3 ………………… 243
O.V. Shilyaeva, A.V. Cherpakov, R.I. Shakhanov, C.-Y. Jenny Lee, Y.-M. Liu.
Analysis of Material Properties Using Machine Learning…………………………………….. 244
E.A. Shlyakhova, I.A. Serebryanaya, I.O. Egorochkina, A.V. Cherpakov.
Assessment of Crack Resistance of Bridge Reinforced Concrete Piles……………………….. 245
V.A. Shuvaeva, I.P. Raevski, A.M. Glazer, S.I. Raevskaya, G.A. Simachkova,
24

V.V. Titov, M.A. Malitskaya. Optical and EXAFS Studies of NaNbO3 – NaTaO3
Solid Solution Crystals………………………............................................................................ 246
E.N. Sidorenko, S.P. Shpanko, M.A. Bunin. Influence of Organic Coatings
Formation Conditions on Their Morphology and Protective Properties ……………………… 247
E.N. Sidorenko, V.G. Smotrakov, M.A. Marakhovskiy. Microwave Energy
Absorption and Radiation Spectra of Lead Ferrowolframate Ceramics ……………………… 248
N.V. Sidorov, N.A. Teplyakova, M.V. Smirnov, M.N. Palatnikov,
V.B. Pikylev. Photoluminescence of Nominally Pure Lithium Niobate
Crystals Grown by Different Technologies …………………………………………………... 249
N.V. Sidorov, N.A. Teplyakova, R.A. Titov, M.N. Palatnikov, I.V. Biryukova.
Structural Particularities of LiNbO3:B (0.55, 0.69, 0.83 mol. % B2O3) withR (Li/Nb) Close to Stoichiometric ……………………………………………………………. 250
E.I. Sitalo, N.A. Boldyrev. Piezoelectric Characteristics of Ternary Solid Solutions(1 – x – y)BiFeO3 – xPbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 – yPbTiO3……………………………………………….. 251
E.I. Sitalo, V.G. Smotrakov. Microstructure, Ferroelectric andPiezoelectric Properties of Textured Bismuth-containing Ceramics …………………………. 252
A.N. Soloviev, Do Thanh Binh, V.A. Chebanenko, A.V. Derkun. Determination of
the Physical Constants of a Piezomagnetoelectric Layered Composite ……………………… 253
A.N. Soloviev, Do Thanh Binh, V.A. Chebanenko, E.V. Kirillova. Applied Theory of
Bending Vibrations of a Bimorph with Two Active Composite Piezomagnetoelectric Layers... 254
A.N. Soloviev, Do Thanh Binh, V.A. Chebanenko, P.A. Oganesyan. Study of the
Efficiency of Using Porous Piezoceramics in a Stack-type Piezoelectric Generator ………… 255
A.N. Soloviev, A.A. Matrosov, I.A. Panfilov, O.N. Lesnyak, D.A. Nizhnik.
The Simplest Mathematical Models of Wheat Ear Dynamics………………………………… 256
A.N. Soloviev, A.V. Nasedkin, Do Thanh Binh, V.A. Chebanenko,
P.A. Oganesyan. The Use of Porous Piezoelectric Ceramics ina Piezoelectric Composite of 1-3 Connectivity ………………………………………………. 257
A.N. Soloviev, A.S. Vasiliev, I.A. Panfilov, A.S. Lednov, E.V. Sadyrin
Finite-element Modeling of Soft Biological Tissues Indentation…………………………….. 257
M.K. Song, J.E. Kim, J.H. Jung, D.S. Shin, J. Suh, S.J. Lee, J.D. Kim. Effect of
Focal Position on Cut Surface Quality in Laser Cutting of 50 mm Thick Stainless Steel……. 258
Soo-Jeong Park, Yun-Hae Kim. Reinforcing Effects of CNT Nanofiller for
Enhancing the Interfacial Bonding Strength of Filament Wound FRP Composites …….... 259
S.A. Stel’makh, E.M. Shcherban’, I.A. Parinov, A.V. Cherpakov, J.-P. Wang.
Study of the Influence of the Configuration of a Rotary Mixer on the Quality
Indicators of the Mixture …………………………………………………………………….. 260
D.V. Stryukov, A.V. Pavlenko. Structure Features of
BiFeO3 Thin Film on Magnesium Oxide Substrate……………………………………………. 261
Sung-Won Yoon, Chang-Wook Park. Lamination Design for
Composite Material Application of Ship Radar Mast …………………………………………. 262
Sung-Youl Bae, Yun-Hae Kim. A Study on Structural Design andAnalysis of 18ft CFRP Leisure Boat…………………………………………………………… 263
Supardi, Elisa Sulistyorini. The Treatment of Restaurant Wastewater Containing
Oil and Grease By Using Immersed Membrane Bioreactor: Design Concept,
Application and its Maintenance in Indonesia……………………………………………….… 263
25

T.V. Suvorova, O.A. Belyak. Determination of the Tribological Properties of
the Oil Saturated Composite under Dynamic Effects Depending on
the Viscosity of the Liquid Phase……………………………………………………………… 264
Ta-Chi Jeang, Po Cheng Ke, Hung-Yu Wang, Tsair-Fwu Lee, Chien-Liang Chiu.
A Novel Universal Voltage-mode Inverse Filter for Signal Processing………………………. 265
R. Takaki, N. A. Noda, B. Wang, S. Wang, Y. Sano, Y. Takase.
Intensity of Singular Stress Field Analysis for Scarf Joint……………………………………. 265
M. V. Talanov. Dielectric Tunability of Multicomponent Relaxor Ceramics ………………... 266
M.V. Talanov, A.A. Bush, K.E. Kamentsev. Dielectric Properties of
Bismuth-containing Pyrochlores: A Comparative Analysis ………………………………..… 267
Te-Jen Su, Feng-Chun Lee, Shih-Ming Wang. A Neural Network Analysis to
the Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes…………………………………………………………... 268
Te-Jen Su, Tzung-Shiarn Pan, Tsung-Ying Li. Particle Swarm Optimization
Implementation on the Fault Diagnosis of Gearbox…………………………………………... 269
Tejkaran Narolia, Vijay K. Gupta, I.A. Parinov. A Scissor Jack
Mechanism Shear Mode Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Wind Mill……………………... 269
V.A. Temnenko, D. D. Fugarov ,O. A. Purchina, D.A. Onyshko. Viscous Oil Cooling Unit... 272
Teplyakova N.A., Sidorov N.V., Palatnikov M.N., Bobreva L.A. Determination ofOH--group Concentration and Point Defects in LiNbO3:Zn Crystals …………………………273
Tianyu yu, Zixuan Chen, Soo-Jeong Park, Yun-Hae Kim. Experimental andComputational Studies on Stiffness Properties of Nanoclay-Incorporated FRPs withDifferent Nano-Structures……………………………………………………………………... 274
S.V. Titov, L.A. Shilkina, V.V. Titov, A.V. Pavlenko, I.A. Verbenko, L.A. Reznichenko
Meso- and Microstructural Anomalies in Ceramics of Ferroactive Solid Solutions …………. 275
R.V. Tominov, V.I. Avilov, A.A. Avakyan, V.A. Smirnov. Resistive Switching in
Nanocrystalline ZnO Films for Next Generation Memory Development ……………………. 276
V. Yu. Topolov, A. O. Denisova. Piezoelectric Sensitivityof Modern Lead-Free 1–3-Type Composites Based on
Domain-Engineered Single Crystals: Longitudinal and Hydrostatic Responses……………... 277
V. Yu. Topolov, A. N. Isaeva, C. R. Bowen. Piezoelectric Sensitivity and Anisotropy
in 1–3-type Composites Based on Ferroelectric Lead-free Single Crystals………………….. 278
H. Tottori, N. A. Noda, G. Gao, Y. Sano, A. Kai. Strength of Protective Sheet in
Multi-Layered Pipe Plug Used for Repair and Maintenance of Underground Piping……….. 280
K. M. Ugrovatov, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, D.A. Onyshko.
Operation Modes of the Automated Gas Monitoring System in the Pipeline ……………….. 281
Uniek Praptiningrum, W, Joko Santoso. Is the Majority Gypsum for Ceiling Choosing on
Housing and Buildings in Surabaya, Indonesia?……………………………………………... 282
B. G. Vakulov, Yu. E. Drobotov. The Variable Order Riesz Potential on
Quasimetric Sphere in the Variable Exponent Hölder Space………………………………... 282
B. G. Vakulov, Yu. E. Drobotov, G. S. Kostetskaya. On Smoothness of the
Solution of an Integral Equation with the Spatial Riesz Potential Type Operator…………... 283
Z.E. Vakulov, D.A. Khakhulin, A.A. Geldash, V.S. Klimin, O.A. Ageev.
Effect of Laser Pulses Energy on the Morphology and Electrical Propertiesof LiNbO3 Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition ………………………………… 284
A. V. Vasilev, E. V. Shiryaeva. Numerical Study of Impurity Transport in Thin
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Horizontal Layer with a Free Boundary for the Stationary Turbulent Fluid Flow………….. 286
P.V. Vasiliev, A.V. Senichev, A.I. Novikova. Development and Application of a
Convolutional Neural Network Based on the Generated Data Set in
Identification Problems ……………………………………………………………………... 287
A.O. Vatulyan, S.A. Nesterov. Investigation of Stress Localization at the Interface
of a Coating and a Substrate Based on the Gradient Model of Thermoelasticity ………..… 288
A.O. Vatulyan, L.I. Parinova. On Boundary Integral Equations in the Problem ofWave Propagation in Topographic Waveguides …………………………………………… 289
D.V. Velibekov, A.A. Matrosov. Numerical Calculation ofStresses Arising in the Steering Axle of the Combine ……………………………………... 290
N.N. Ventsov, L.A. Podkolzina. Application of Neural Networks to the
Sensors Data Processing Problem…………………………………………………………... 291
Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri, Erni Puspanantasari Putri.
A Case Study of Renewable Energy Development in Indonesia…………………………… 292
V. Yu. Vishnevetskiy, A.V. Golda, A.A. Sliva. Stabilographic Complex Based on
Virtual Games Using AR Technology for Training and Rehabilitation of Athletes ………. 293
V. Yu. Vishnevetskiy, D.A. Kolesnik, I.B. Starchenko. Evaluation ofInformation Characteristics of Underwater Communication Channel ofDivers Using Parametric Arrays……………………………………………………………. 294
I.N. Vislousova, V.V. Kotov, O.N. Lesnyak, A.A. Matrosov, A.N. Soloviev. Correlation
Method for Estimating Dynamic Loading of Drives of Active Working Tools……………. 294
Vladislav Gamaleev, Masaru Hori. Generation and Diagnostics ofGlow Discharges for Biomedical, Agricultural and Gas Conversion Applications………… 295
A.A. Voitash, E.V. Raksha, A.A. Davydova, Yu.V. Berestneva, A.V. Muratov,
A.B. Eresko, V.A. Glazunova, M.V. Savoskin, I.A. Verbenko, Yu.I. Yurasov.
Thermally Expanded Graphite: Sorption Properties and Carbon Nanoparticles Obtaining… 297
D.A. Volkov, D. D. Fugarov, O. A. Purchina, D.A. Onyshko.
Cracker Control System Upgrade…………………………………………………………… 298
P.Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu.P. Voloshchenko. Researching the Phenomenon of
Nonlinear Diffraction in Structure of Microwave Integrated Circuits ……………………... 299
P.Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu.P. Voloshchenko. Topology Synthesis of Integrated Circuitsof the Giga and Terahertz Range by the Method of Non-autonomous Blocks …………….. 300
Wateno Oetomo, Bambang Andrianto, Herry Widhiarto, Dwi Yuli Rakhmawati.
Monitoring and Evaluation System of Contractor’s Performance Achievement inRoad Preservation in Long Segment Contract in East Java………………………………… 301
Wu Kejun, Pankaj Koinkar, Akihiro Furube. Preparation of TiO2-WS2-Au Composite
Using Hydrothermal Synthesis for Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light ………….… 302
Yang-Wei Hsieh, Chao-Hong Liu, I-Hsing Tsai, Zih-Xiang Su, Yu-Hao Chiu,
Pei-Ju Chao, Hung-Yu Wang, Yu-Jie Huang, Tsair-Fwu Lee. Improve
the Efficiency of the Patients’ Specific Quality Assurance Procedure in
Fields’ Optimization Techniques of the Pencil Beam Linear Scanning Proton Therapy ……. 303
Young Woo Kwon, Mun Ki Bae, Ri-ichi Murakami, Tae Gyu Kim. A Study on
the Micro / Nano Texture Design to Improve the Friction Properties of DLC Thin Films…... 304
Yu-Hao Chiu, Jung-Ting Hsieh, Jia-Yu Chen, Chao-Hong Liu, I-Hsing Tsai,Pei-Ju Chao, Hung-Yu Wang, Shyh-An Yeh, Tsair-Fwu Lee. Using
27

Supervised Learning algorithms to Predict the Risk of Thyroid Damagefor Head and Neck Cancer Patients after Radiation Therapy………………………………… 305
Yudai Taruya, Rahimah Abdul Rafar, Nao-Aki Noda, Xuchen Zheng, Hiroyuki Tsurumaru,
Yoshikazu Sano. Experimental Verification for Interfacial Creep Generation for
Shrink-fitted Bimetallic Work Roll by Using Miniature Rolling Mill………………………... 306
A.S. Yudin. Oscillations of Non-axisymmetric Shells: Parameterization and Equations……. 307
A.S. Yudin. Vibrations of the Auxetic Shell in the Liquid…………………………………… 308
Y.I. Yurasov, A.V. Nazarenko, G.K. Timoshenko.
The Dielectric Spectra Study of Polyaniline………………………………………………….. 309
Zainun Achmad, Dikrie Alief Zaini, M. Kevin Firnanda, Ismail.
Study of Fatique Life Experiments in Bottom Ash/Aluminum
Composite Getting T6 Heat Treatment and Artificial Aging…………………………………. 311
Yu.N. Zakharov, L.A. Reznichenko, I.A. Parinov, E.I. Sitalo,
V.A. Chebanenko, A.A. Pavelko, L.I. Kiseleva. Pyroelectric, Bolometric andFlexoelectric Effects Excited in the Volume of Unpolarized Ferroelectric Plates
by Periodic Heating of Electrode Surfaces by Modulated Thermal Radiation ………………. 312
K.M. Zhidel, A.V. Pavlenko. Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Magnetodielectric
Characteristics of Ceramic Multiferroic Solid Solution Composition
0.5BiFeO3 – 0.5PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3……………………………………………………………….. 313
G.A. Zhuravlev, A. V. Cherpakov, Yu. E. Drobotov. Investigation of theParameters of the Convergence of Two Axes of Contacting Circular
Parallel Steel Cylinders in Numerical Modeling……………………………………………... 314
G. A. Zhuravlev, Yu. E. Drobotov. Evaluation Criteria for the Influence ofthe Material Properties of Elastic Cylinders on Their Contact Approach……………………. 315
G. A. Zhuravlev, Yu. E. Drobotov. Method for Calculating Stress Concentration in
Elastoplastic Rod with Two Symmetric Hyperbolic Recesses……………………………….. 316
J.Y. Zubarev, L.А. Reznitchenko. Thermostability Ceramics Based on Sodium,
Calcium, Strontium Niobates, Depending on the of Synthesis and Sintering
Conditions, and Mechanical Processing………………………………………………………. 317
S. V. Zubkov. Crystal Structure and Dielectric Properties of Layered Perovskite-like
Solid Solutions Bi3 – xGdxTiTaO9 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) with High Curie Temperature ……….. 318
S. V. Zubkov. Crystal Structure and Dielectric Properties of Layered
Perovskite-like Solid Solutions Bi3 – xNdxTiNbO9 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0)……………... 318
S. V. Zubkov. Crystal Structure and Ferroelectrics Properties of Mixed-layer
Bi7Ti4-xSnxNbO21 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) Ceramics …………………………………….. 319
S. V. Zubkov. Crystal Structure and Ferroelectrics Properties of Mixed-layer
Bi7-xYxTiNbO21 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) Ceramics ………………………………………………320
S. V. Zubkov. Crystal Structure and Ferroelectrics Properties of
Mixed-layer Bi7-2xNd2xTi4NbO21 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) Ceramics……………………….. 321
H. Tottori, N.A. Noda, G.Gao, R. Takaki, Y. Sano, A. Kai. Development ofMulti-layered Sewer Pipe Plug-ruptured Test and Stress Analysis of Pretective Sheet…….. 322
H. Tottori, N.A. Noda, G. Gao, R. Takaki, Y. Sano, A Kai. Development ofMulti-layered Sewer Piper Pulug -Tensile Strength of Protective Sheet …………………… 322
R. Saito, N. A. Noda, Y. Sano, A. Miyagi, T. Okamura. Fatigue Strength
Improvement of Roller Chain by Press Pitting between Pin and Plate……………………….323
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K. Saito, N. A. Noda. How to Estimate Fatigue Strength of Wood Material…………….…..323
N. A. Noda, R. Takaki, B. Wang, S. Wang, Y. Sano, Y. Takase. Adhesive Strength
Evaluation of Scarf Joint by using Intensity of Singular Stress Field (ISSF)……...……..…..324
R. Takaki, N. A. Noda, D. Ishida, Y. Sano, Y. Suzuki. Fractographic Identificationof Fracture Origin in Scarf Joint in Comparison to Butt Joint …………………………….…324
Y. Takase, N. A. Noda. Convenient and Accurate Formulas for Stress Intensity
Factor Distribution of Semi-Elliptical Surfacecrack………………………………….………324
R. A. Rafar, N. A. Noda, H. Tsurumaru, Y. Sano, Y. Takase. Effect of Shaft’s Rigidity
and Motor Torque on Interfacial Slip for Shrink-fitted Bimetallic WorkRoll……..…………325
K. Oda, T. Irie, T. Masuno, N. Tutsumi. Stress Intensity Factors of Interfacial
Crack Associated with Different Interface Edge Singularities……….………………………325
N. Tutsumi, K. Oda, K. Miyaji. Effect of Hydrogen on Fracture Mechanism in
Tensile Test of Carbon Steels…………………………………………………………………326
T. Miyazaki, D. Takasuka, K. Naka. Proportional Method for Evaluating
Intensity of Singular Stress Field for Butt Joint with Adhesivespew…………………………326
C. F. Yang. Mechanism of Growth ZnO Nanowires and Applications. ………………….…..327
A. B. Deore, M. A. More, B. B. MUSMADE, S. D. Nerkar, P. G. CHAVAN,
P. M. KOINKAR. Photo-Enhanced Field Emission Behavior of CDSSE Microflowers……..327
B. B MUSMADE, Y. P. PATIL, B. M. PATRE. Robust Sliding Mode Controlof Uncertain Nonlinear Systems……………………………………………..…………….…..328
S. PATIL, V. BARHATE, A. MAHAJAN, H. XU, M. RASADUJJAMAN, J. ZHANG.
Investigation of Electrical Properties of Peald Deposited Ti/Al/Si MIM Capacitors…….…...328
S. GUPTA, A. GAIKWAD, A. MAHAJAN, L. ONGXIAO, Z. WEI. Sol-Gel
Deposited Xeroge, Aerogel and Porogen Based Porous Low-K Thin Films:
A Comparative Investigation……………………………………………………….……...…..329
K. N. Boldyrev. Photochromic Effects in P- and B-Doped Diamond …………………….…..329
K. N. Boldyrev, V.E. Anikeeva, O.I. Semenova, M.N. Popova. Infrared Spectra of the
CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 Hybrid Perovskites: Signatures of Phase
Transitions and of Organic Cation Dynamics……………………………………….……..…..330
K. I. MURAI, T. NISHIURA, R. NAGATA, T. MORIGA. Fabrication and
Evaluation of Ca-doped SrTiO3 Thermoelectric Materials by Molten Saltethod……….……..331
M. OISHI, T. SAKURAGI, F. FUJISHIRO, T. INA, H. YAMAGISHI, I. WATANABE,
T. OHTA. Local Electronic and Atomic Structures of The mixed B-site Ionsin SrFe1-xMnxO3−δ Studied with X-RAY Absorption Spectroscopy…………………………..332
S. DHONGADE, P. KOINKAR, A. FURUBE , S. SUGANO. Liquid Exfoliationof Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons using Chemical Assisted Laser Ablation ………….……….333-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Author Index……………………………………………….….…………….…………..…...…334
Participating Countries and Organizations……….………….………...….………………..…. 340
Schedule………………………………………………..………………….………..………..... 346
Offline Conference Venue …………………………………………..……………..………..... 354

29

K2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

PREFACEThe success of the Russian-Taiwanese Symposium “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PMNM-2012 (Russia, 2012), 2013 International Symposium “Physics andMechanics of New Materials and Underwater Applications”, PHENMA-2013 (Taiwan, 2013), 2014
International Symposium “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Underwater Applications”,
PHENMA-2014 (Thailand, 2014), 2015 International Conference “Physics and Mechanics of New
Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA-2015 (Russia, 2015), 2016 International Conference“Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA-2016 (Indonesia,2016), 2017 International Conference “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their
Applications”, PHENMA-2017 (India, 2017), 2018 International Conference “Physics andMechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA-2018 (South Korea, 2018) and2019 International Conference “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”,
PHENMA-2019 (Vietnam, 2019) predefined objectives and scientific directions of the new
conference PHENMA-2020, conducted by the Kyushu Institute of Technology (Japan). Due to
COVID-19 pandemic, this conference has been postponed from 2 -5 October, 2020 to 26 -29 March,
2021.
A significant interest to the PHENMA-2020 has led to the great sponsor support from The
Society of Materials Science, Japan Kyushu Branch; Kitakyushu Convention & Visitors
Association (Japan); The Korean Society for Composite Materials, (South Korea); Ministry of
Science and High Education of the Russian Federation; Russian Foundation for Basic Research;
Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan; National Foundation for Science & Technology
Development (Vietnam); Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations (VUSTA);
Vietnam Association of Science Editing (VASE); South Scientific Center of the Russian Academyof Science; New Century Education Foundation (Taiwan); Ocean & Underwater Technology
Association (Taiwan); Unity Opto Technology Co. (Taiwan); Fair Well Fishery Co. (Taiwan);
Woen Jinn Harbor Engineering Co. (Taiwan); Lorom Group (Taiwan); Longwell Co. (Taiwan);
Korea Maritime and Ocean University; Hanoi University of Science and Technology (Vietnam);Vietnam Maritime University; Vinh Long University of Technology Education (Vietnam); Hanoi
University of Industry; Vietnamese-German University (Vietnam); Ho Chi Minh City Universityof Agriculture and Forestry (Vietnam); Research Institute of Agriculture Machinery (Vietnam);
Don State Technical University (Russia); University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya (Indonesia);
Perkumpulan Ahli dan Dosen Republik Indonesia; University of Maarif Hasyim Latif, Sidoarjo(Indonesia); PDPM Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing (India);South Russian Regional Centre for Preparation and Implementation of International Projects, Ltd.
The following PHENMA abstracts cover five scientific directions: (i) processing techniquesof new materials, (ii) physics of new materials, (iii) mechanics of new materials, (iv) applicationsof new materials, and (v) industry and management. These are present by scientists from 17
countries, demonstrating strong scientific collaboration, formed for last years.
Conference Chairs,
Prof. Yun-Hae Kim, Prof. Nao-Aki Noda, Prof. Ivan A. Parinov, Prof. Shun-Hsyung Chang
30

K2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

ABSTRACTS
A Bag of Expressions-based Method for the Recognition of Vehicle Make andModelAdeel Ahmad Jamil1, Chitsan Lin2*, Zulfiqar Ali3
1Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, College of Maritime, National Kaohsiung
1,2

University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
3Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung 807618, Taiwan*ctlin@nkust.edu.tw

The recognition of vehicle make-model is a challenging task for various intelligent transportation
and automated vehicular surveillance applications. This report presents a bag of expressions (BoE)
method for the recognition of vehicle make and model. In addition to visual words, we included
neighborhood information for feature extraction. The proposed method improves the existing
strength of a bag of words approach, including view independence, scale invariance, and occlusion
handling. First, we used the Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and Maximally Stable Extremal
Regions (MSERs) detectors for vehicle detection, and histogram of oriented gradients (HOGs)
based BoE descriptor for feature extraction. Then, we formed an optimized expressions dictionary
on the base of visual words acquired through k-mean clustering. Occurrences of each expression in
the image are counted to create the histogram of expressions. Finally, for classification, the BoEbased features representation are used to train multiclass linear support vector machines (SVMs).
The approach was assessed by implementing cross-validation tests on easily accessible dataset
NTOU-MMR. With multiclass SVM classification, the average accuracy and processing speed
using SIFT were 96.4% and 13 fps, while using the MSER were 92.2% and 9 fps, respectively.
Experimental results outperform recent approaches, making applicable to real-time vehicle makeand model recognition systems.

31

Absolute Stability of Control System for Deformation of Electromagnetoelastic
Actuator under Random Impacts in Nanoresearch
S. M. Afonin
National Research University of Electronic Technology(Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology MIET) Moscow, Russia
eduems@mail.ru
The electromagnetoelastic actuator based on the piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, electrostriction,
magnetostriction effects is used in nanoresearch, adaptive optics, nanobiology and biomechanics
for the precision matching. The piezo-actuator is applied in nanotechnology, scanning microscopy,
interferometry, automatic focus system, gene manipulator for the compensation of the temperatureand gravitational deformations, the atmospheric turbulence [110]. We used the Yakubovich
criterion absolute stability of the control system with the condition on the derivative for thehysteresis nonlinearity of the electromagnetoelastic actuator. The Yakubovich absolute stability
criterion with the condition on the derivative is development of the Popov absolute stability criterion[1114]. The stationary set of the control system for the electromagnetoelastic actuator with thehysteresis deformation is the segment of the straight line. This segment contains points of theintersection of the hysteresis partial loops and the straight line. We obtained the absolute stability
condition on the derivative for the control systems with the piezo-actuator at the longitudinal,transverse and shift piezoeffect. We also obtained condition of the absolute stability on thederivative for the control system for the deformation of the electromagnetoelastic actuator under
random impacts in nanoresearch. For the Lyapunov stable control system, the Yalubovich absolutestability criterion for the control system with the hysteresis nonlinearity provides the simplest andpictorial representation of the result of the investigation of the absolute stability and the possibilityof the synthesis of the correcting device.
References[1] Schultz, J., Ueda, J., Asada, H. Cellular Actuators. Butterworth-Heinemann Publisher, Oxford,
2017.
[2] Physical Acoustics: Principles and Methods. Vol.1. Part A. Methods and Devices; W. Mason(Ed.), Academic Press, New York, 1964.
[3] Afonin S.M. Chapter 9. In: Piezoelectrics and Nanomaterials: Fundamentals, Developments
and Applications. I.A. Parinov (Ed.), Nova Science Publisher, New York, 225-242, 2015.
[4] Afonin S.M. // Journal of Computer and Systems Sciences International. Pleiades Publishing,Springer, New York, 44(2), 266272, 2005.
[5] Afonin S.M. // Doklady Physics. Pleiades Publishing, Springer, New York, 53(3), 137143,
2008.
[6] Afonin S.M. // Russian Engineering Research. Allerton Press, Springer, New York, 35(2), 8993, 2015.
[7] Afonin S.M. // Actuators. MDPI, Basel, 7(1), 1-9, 2018.
[8] Afonin S.M. // Actuators. MDPI, Basel, 8(3), 1-14, 2019.
[9] Afonin S.M. // Mechanics of Solids. Allerton Press, Springer, New York, 44(6), 935-950, 2009.
32

[10] Afonin S.M. // Transactions on Networks and Communications. Society for Science and
Education, United Kingdom, 7(3), 11-21, 2019.
[11] Yakubovich, V.A. // European Journal of Control, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 8(3), 200-208, 2002.
[12] Afonin S.M. // Doklady Mathematics. Pleiades Publishing, Springer, New York, 74(3),943948, 2006.
[13] Gelig A. Kh., Leonov G. A., Fradkov A. L. Nonlinear System. Frequency and Matrix
Inequalities. Fizmatlit, Moscow, 2008 (In Russian).
[14] Naumov B.N. Theory of Nonlinear Automatic Systems. Frequency Methods. Nauka, Moscow,
1972 (In Russian).

Study of Gas-sensitive Properties of Materials Based on ZnO Nanorods to
Nitrogen Dioxide (IV)Alexandra Starnikova1*, Irina Gulyaeva1, Khabibulla Abdullin2, Victor Petrov1
1Southern Federal University, Research and Education Centre “Microsystem Technics andMultisensor Monitoring Systems”, Taganrog, 347922, Russia
2Al Farabi Kazakh National University, National Nanotechnology Laboratory ofOpen Type, Almaty, 050040, Kazakhstan*a.starnikova@mail.ru
Arrays of ZnO nanorods were synthesized on glass substrates by the hydrothermal method. Formed
ZnO nanorods with a predominantly vertical orientation have an average transverse size of about
30 – 40 nm and a length of 500 – 600 nm. On top of the obtained ZnO nanorods, one of the samples
was sprayed with gold and tin in an amount at which a continuous layer would not form on top of
the nanorods. Subsequently, the formed heterostructures were annealed at a temperature of 300 °C
in air. For electrical contact, V-Ni metallization was also applied over the ZnO nanorods. The report
investigates the gas-sensitive properties of the formed sensitive elements in relation to nitrogendioxide (NO2). The gas-sensitive properties of the film samples were studied using a setup forstudying the electrophysical properties of gas sensors [1]. The studies were carried out using the
Mikrogaz-F installation. The measurements were carried out at an operating temperature of 150 °C.
The NO2 concentration equal to 50 ppm was formed by mixing with synthetic air, which was purged
after the formation of the response. A mixture of air and NO2 was introduced at a flow rate of 0.4
dm3/min. Figure 1 shows the responses of the samples to the effect of 50 ppm NO2 at 150 °C. It isshown that a sensitive element based on ZnO nanorods with sputtered gold has 1.05 times higher
sensitivity than similar structures with tin. The response and recovery times were approximately
equal to 1120 s.

33

Fig. 1. Response of samples with arrays of ZnO nanorods to NO2 with a concentration of
50 ppm with gold (1) and tin (2) sputtering at 150 °C

Acknowledgement
The work was carried out with the financial support of the RFBR grantNo. 20-07-00653_ А.
Reference[1] Petrov V.V., Starnikova A.P., Varzarev Y.N., Abdullin K.A., Makarenko D.P. // IOP Conf. Ser.
Mater. Sci. Eng. 703, 012038, 2019.

Tubular Dielectric Elastomer Actuator Reinforced with two Families of Fibers
Alexey M. Kolesnikov
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Alexey.M.Kolesnikov@gmail.com
Dielectric elastomers are a class of electroactive polymers. Their property is the ability to undergo
large elastic deformations under the influence of a static electric field. This ability has been known
for a long time, the first studies of the electro-mechanical effect for rubber are presented in [1, 2].
Currently, dielectric elastomers are actively studied experimentally and theoretically. On their basis,
various actuators, manipulators, soft robots are proposed. Dielectric elastomers are considered as
one of the options for artificial muscles. Currently, the possibilities of using the unique propertiesof dielectric polymers are being investigated in various directions. Information about some of thecapabilities of this material and designs based on it can be found in reviews [3 – 5]. In this report,
we investigate a reinforced tube made of a dielectric elastomer. Reinforcement is carried out along
two helical curves with different angles of inclination. The electric charge is set on the electroplatedside surfaces. For the simplest electroelastic reinforced material, an analytical representation is
obtained for external mechanical actions (longitudinal force, torque, pressure on the side surfaces)
through the parameters of deformation and the magnitude of the electric charge. The aim of thiswork is to investigate the effect of reinforcement angles and stiffness of fibers on the behavior of a34

tube under the action of a charge on the side surfaces. With asymmetric reinforcement, in addition
to lengthening and changing the transverse dimension of the tube, twisting occurs.
References[1] Röntgen W. C. // Annalen der Physik, 247(13), 771 – 786, 1880.
[2] Quincke G. IV. // The London, Edinburgh, and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of
Science, 10(59), 30 – 39, 1880.
[3] Romasanta L. J., López-Manchado M. A., Verdejo R. // Progress in Polymer Science, 51, 188– 211, 2015.
[4] Gu G.-Y., Zhu J., Zhu L.-M., Zhu X. // Bioinspiration & biomimetics, 12(1), 011003, 2017.
[5] Lu T., Ma C., Wang T. // Extreme Mechanics Letters, 38, 100752, 2020.

On the Solution of Convolutional Equation in Spaces of Holomorphic
Functions of Prescribed Growth
T. M. Andreeva, Yu. E. Drobotov*
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
Let G denotes a convex bounded region in the complex plane C , H  G  is the space of all
functions which are holomorphic in G , and V   v n n 1 represents the sequence of functions,continuous in G and increasing throughout n . V defines the space VH  G  :  H vn  G  ,
n 1



f z
H vn  G  :  f  H  G  : f v : sup v  z     , nN .
n
n
z

G
e


The presented abastract considers the solution of the convolutional equation:
 f  g(1)

where  :VH  G  K   VH  G  is an analytical functional with the support in K , while K is aconvex compact in G . This solution is carried out in the form of the Neumann series, and is ofinterest within various applications in signal processing, vibration modelling and control, and otherengineering disciplines. The general results of the study are based on the rigorous proof of theconditions for the convolutional operator being surjective between the considered spaces [1]. Underan additional specific condition that provides its injectivity, the convolutional operator isinvestigated for the inverse one, and the properties of (1) are described. Then, the method of
successive approximations is used to formulate the solution of (1). All the arising conditions areillustrated in the engineering sense, and several specific issues are considered.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
35

Reference[1] Abanin A. V., Andreeva T. M. // Vladikavkaz. Mat. Zh. 20(2), 3–15, 2018.

Approximated Analytical solutions for Contact Problems for Piezoelectric
Solids with Functionally Graded Coatings
Andrey S. Vasiliev*, Sergei S. Volkov, Sergei M. Aizikovich
Research and Education Center "Materials”, Don State Technical University,
1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344000, Russia*andre.vasiliev@gmail.com
Contact problems for electroelastic piezoelectric transversely isotropic solids with functionally
graded coatings are considered. The electromechanical properties of the coating are assumed tovary with depth, according to arbitrary continuously differentiable or piecewise constant functions.
The problems are reduced to the solutions of the system of dual integral equations. Kernel
transforms of the integral equations are obtained numerically. Asymptotic behavior of the kernel
transforms is also studied. Specially designed approximations for the kernel transforms of theintegral equations are used to obtained approximated analytical solutions of the contact problems.
The solutions are asymptotically exact for large and small values of the characteristic geometricalparameters of the problem. Special attention is paid to the comparison of results with the classicalsolutions for homogeneous non-coated solids. Features of the deformation of coated solids areanalyzed using analytical and numerical analysis of contact characteristic for thin coatings (bothhomogeneous and functionally graded). Numerical examples illustrating analytical results are also
obtained.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (grant No. 14.Z50.31.0046).

Occurrence of 3D Periodic Convective Flows in a Vertical Layerwith Moving Boundaries
N.V. Andros*, I.V. Morshneva**
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science,
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*andross@ mail.ru; **ivmorshneva@ sfedu.ru
The problem of the occurrence of spatial secondary self-oscillating convection modes in an infinite
vertical fluid layer with solid and isothermal boundaries moving vertically with the same value, but
opposite in direction, velocities is considered. The behavior of such system is described by a system36

of convection equations in Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation. The equations of motion have asteady state solution (basic mode) with a cubic velocity profile and a linear temperature distribution.
It is known that for some parameter values, this solution becomes unstable with oscillations. The
occurrence of self-oscillations that appear with an oscillatory instability of the main mode withrespect to spatial periodical perturbations is studied. The perturbation equations have a symmetrygroup O(2)×O(2) and the theory of Andronov-Hopf bifurcation in systems with such symmetry isapplicable [1]. Following the theory, as a governing parameter passes through its critical value thecycles can bifurcate from the main equilibrium solution. These cycles correspond to selfoscillations such as horizontal traveling waves, oblique traveling waves and various nonlinear
superpositions of oblique traveling waves. For various critical values of the parameters
corresponding to an oscillatory instability, the analysis of the branching type and stability of theoccurring spatial self-oscillating modes in a vertical layer with moving boundaries is made. In orderto do this, the analytical expressions for the coefficients of the branching equations system arederived. These coefficients are the functionals, expressed in terms of the eigenfunctions of the linear
and conjugate stability problems, the solutions of a number of inhomogeneous boundary value
problems with the right-hand sides depending on the same eigenfunctions are obtained. For the selfoscillatory modes, the first two members of the series are written by degrees of the supercriticalparameter.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] Morshneva I. V. The Andronov-Hopf Bifurcation in a Dynamical Systems with Symmetry andits applications in hydrodynamics. Rostov-on-Don, Southern Federal University Press. 2010, 140
p. (In Russian)

The Effect of Biographical Defects on the Electrophysical Properties ofn-component Ferroactive Solid Solutions of Composition PZT – PZN – PMN
K.P. Andryushin*, I.N. Andryushina, L.A. Reznichenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,
344090 Rostov-on-Don, Stachki, Ave., 194, Russia*kpandryushin@gmail.com
Ferroactive materials based on the PZT system (PbZr1-xTixO3) with high values of piezoelectric
responses are widely used in various types of modern instrument engineering being developed.
Such devices almost always work in highly loaded cyclic modes (temperature, frequency/amplitudeof an alternating electric field, etc.), which leads to the inevitable accumulation of various types ofdefects, and as a result, a change in performance. In view of the foregoing, studies are needed aimed
at establishing correlations between the composition – structure – electric aging – phase hardening(PH) (irreversible accumulation of defects in the crystal structure, mainly edge dislocations, during
cyclic thermally activated phase transitions (PT)). It is very narrow segment of work in this area.
37

Thus, the aim of the present work was to establish the effect of electric fatigue polarization
properties, namely, the saturation polarization (Ps), residual (Pr) and coercive fields (Ec), in
multicomponent solid solutions (SSs) under conditions of a cyclically changing alternating electricfield with a strength above Ec of each specific object, as well as the phenomenon of PH in
multicomponent SS. The objects of the study were the SSs of the PZT – PZN – PMN system,
modified
by
Ba
and
Sr,
corresponding
totheformulaPb
Sr Ba
Ti Zr 〈 Nb / Zn / Nb / Mg / 〉O with α1 = 0.02 ‒ 0.12; ∆α1 = 0.02
[1]. The SSs with α1 = 0.02, α1 = 0.1 are most thoroughly studied. The FN study was carried out inthe temperature range (373 – 723) K using a specially designed bench based on the LCR meter
Agilent 4980A. Regularities of the manifestation of PH were studied in the process of observing
the evolution of the Curie temperature (TC) and the dependences of the relative dielectric constant(ε/ε0) on temperature for multiple (up to n = 50) consecutive phase transitions in the forward(heating) and reverse (cooling) modes. The P – E dielectric hysteresis loops were studied using the
Sawyer – Tower circuit at f = 50 Hz, T = (300 – 420) K, the number of cycles ⁓ 0 – 1.5×106. The
study of phase hardening showed that as the number of heating-cooling cycles increases, a shift of
TC occurs, a gradual decrease in ε/ε0, and also an increase in its dispersion. From the P – E dielectric
hysteresis loops, it was found that all the studied SSs are characterized by the preservation of thevalues of polarization characteristics, up to n ≈ 5 × 105, after which there is a significant decrease.
The data obtained must be taken into account when developing components based on the system
studied.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).
References[1] K.P. Andryushin, L.A. Shilkina, I.N. Andryushina, et al. // J. Ceramics International, 45, 14,
2019.

The Structure, Microstructure and Piezoelectric Properties of Highly Sensitive
Ferroelectric Ceramics
I.N. Andryushina*, K.P. Andryushin, L.A. Reznichenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,
344090 Rostov-on-Don, Stachki, Ave., 194, Russia*futur6@mail.ru
Using of ferro-piezoelectric ceramic materials (FPCM) opens up broad prospects in various fields
of science and technology. The development of highly efficient piezoceramic elements requires thedevelopment of new high-tech techniques for their manufacture. This problem can be resolved in
two areas: (i) the creation of a new generation of FPCM; (ii) improving the manufacturing
technology of FPCM mastered by industry. The first area requires long-term painstaking researchand comprehensive testing, the second uses innovative approaches and technologies, which should38be based on the most modern achievements of basic and applied sciences. In our work, a choice ismade in favor of the second direction. In this regard, the aim of the work is to create highly sensitive
FPCM for diagnostic devices based on PZT without the use of exotic methods (for example, thehot-pressing method), but with the preservation of the properties inherent to them. The solid
solutions (SSs) based on the PZT system were used as objects of study: PbTiO3 – PbZrO3 –PbNb2/3Zn1/3O3 – PbNb2/3Mg1/3O3 + MnO2 (1), PbTiO3 – PbZrO3 – PbW1/2Cd1/2O3 (2), PbTiO3 –PbZrO3 – PbW1/2Cd1/2O3 + Ta2O5 (3), in which high frequency FPCM can be implemented. The
samples were obtained by conventional ceramic technology, including two-stage solid-phase
synthesis. X-ray diffraction analysis was performed by powder diffraction using diffractometers
DRON-3 and ADP (FeKα radiation, Mn filter; FeKβ radiation; Bragg-Brentano focusing scheme).
The microstructure of sintered ceramics was evaluated using a JSM-6390L scanning electron
microscope. The electrophysical parameters of SSs at 300 K were measured using Agilent 4980A
precision LCR-meter and the resonance-antiresonance method. X-ray phase analysis of the samples
showed that all SSs have a perovskite structure. The crystal lattice symmetry of SSs (1) isrhombohedral (Rh), since its basis is the SS of the PZT system from the Rh region of the phase
diagram. Compositions SSs (2) and (3) are a mixture of tetragonal (T) and Rh phases. The lawsformation of dielectric (loss), piezoelectric (piezoelectric sensitivity) and ferroelastic (mechanicalQ-factor) properties of media based on a PZT system are established. In all compositions studied,a weak dispersion ε/ε0 is observed before the phase transition (PT) to the paraelectric phase (PE)phase. At the time of PT in the PE phase, the dispersion ε/ε0 becomes strong and weakens in the PE
region to some temperatures of ~ 700 K, after which it becomes significant at low frequencies. The
dispersion depth at the time of the phase transition is Δε/ε ≈ 79% for (1), Δε/ε ≈ 54% for (2), Δε/ε ≈41% for (3).
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).

Stability of the Polarized State in Ferroelectric Piezoelectric Ceramics of
Various Ferrohardness Degrees
I.N. Andryushina*, E.V. Triger, N.A. Nikiforova, K.P. Andryushin, L.A. Reznichenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,
344090 Rostov-on-Don, Stachki, Ave., 194, Russia*futur6@mail.ru
Recently, much attention has been paid to the use of ferroelectric piezoelectric ceramics of various
degrees of ferrohardness in devices experiencing cyclic effects of temperature in heating-coolingmodes (rocket and space technology, sonar, seismic devices, etc.). In this case, both ferro-hard (FH)
materials that are resistant to electrical and mechanical influences (due to a “rigidly” fixed domain
structure) and ferro-soft (FS) materials with movable domain walls are in demand. For suchapplications, it is necessary to maintain a stable polarized state in the materials. In this regard, it
seems urgent to carry out works aimed at establishing the regularity of the formation of a stable39

polarized state of ferroelectric ceramics of various degrees of ferrohardness. This became the main
aim of this study. The objects of the study were ferroelectric piezoelectric materials based on thePb(TiхZr1-х)O3 system of three ferro-hardness groups: ferro-hard, medium ferro-hardness, and ferrosoft. A huge set of measurements was carried out, including studies of dielectric, piezoelectric,
elastic properties and structural characteristics of materials in a wide thermal frequency range. It
should be noted that studies of the piezoelectric properties were carried out by three methods: single
heating and cooling to the Curie temperature (TC) and multiple heating according to different
schemes. It is concluded that the dependence of the piezomodule measured in the quasi-static mode
(d33q.st.) (T) has effect on the increase in dielectric constant () with increasing temperature (T) up
to TC and a decrease in the residual polarization (Pr). It is pointed that a sharp drop in thepiezomodule in ferro-soft ceramics is probably due to relaxation processes, due to the compositionof the FS materials contains complex oxides of ferroelectric relaxors of various chemicalcompositions, for example PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3. It was found that the growth d33q.st. in FS materials in
the cooling mode and its unusual behavior in the last cycles indicate the generation of a large
number of new domains (ferroelastic, wedge-shaped, “removing part of inhomogeneous mechanicalstresses”) with movable domain walls, which contribute to the dielectric constant, pyro- andpiezoelectric effect. Therefore, the temperature dependences of parameters in FS materials,
including piezomodules, may be completely different from the dependences following from thetheory of a single-domain ferroelectric.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).

Effect of the Residual Stress to the Fatigue Failure of the Bimetallic Roll in 4High Rolling Mill
M. R. Aridi*, N. A. Noda, Y. Sano, K. Takata, S. Zifeng
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan*radz7cr@gmail.com

Fig.1 Three-dimensional FEM model of 4-high rolling mill40

In hot rolling mills, bimetallic work rolls are extensively used because of their excellent hardness
and wear resistance of high-speed steel material (outer layer) and ductile casting iron (inner layer),see Fig. 1. Study of fatigue failure plays an important role in extending the life service of the rolls.
In this report, the finite element method (FEM) simulation is performed to study the generated stress,
when the rolling roll is used in the four-high rolling mill as shown in Fig.1. In order to study theeffect of the residual stress, the heating treatment of the work roll is considered to the work roll. By
using 3D model, we focus the fatigue failure at near the boundary layer where the work roll received
load from the backup roll and the hot strip. We found that the residual stress gives significant effectto the fatigue failure of the work roll.

Modeling the Interaction of Elastic Haptic Parts of Two Intraocular Lenses
Located in the Capsular Bag of the Lens
Arkadiy N. Soloviev1,2*, Alexander N. Epikhin 3**, Denis V. Krasnov1***
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Don State Technical University,

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences, Southern Federal

University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **epikhin-rus@yandex.ru; ***dinisii1@yandex.ru
The intraocular lenses (IOLs) implanted in the eye is used to treat diseases such as cataracts or
myopia. One of the most common types of IOLs is a pseudophakic lens [1]. They are implanted
during cataract surgery. A pseudophakic IOL provides the same function as a natural lens. The
second type of IOLs is a phakic IOL. The IOL is placed on top of the existing natural lens and isused in refractive surgery as a treatment for myopia [2]. As a rule, IOL consist of a small plastic
plate with side struts called haptics, which serve to hold the IOL in place in the eye's capsule bag.
[3] IOLs were usually made from an inflexible material, although this was largely superseded by
the use of flexible materials such as silicone and acrylic glass. Most IOLs, introduced to date, arefixed monofocal IOLs that provide a single focal length [4]. There are also types of IOLs, such as
multifocal IOLs, which provide the patient with multi-focus vision, but this type of IOLs can create
side effects in the form of reduced contrast vision in the dark, as well as glare [5]. Adaptive IOLs
correct limited visual accommodation [6]. This report examines the problem of cataract healing
while preserving the natural accommodation of the eye. The aim of this work is to model the system
of IOLs, which has the possibility of accommodation, as well as the natural lens. The SpaceClaim
CAD system was used for direct 3D modeling of an IOL with elastic haptic elements (Fig. 1) as
well as the ANSYS Mechanical environment for creating a finite element mesh and a numericalmodel of deformations. Figure 2 shows the distribution of axial displacements that provide
controlled accommodation under the action of radial pressure on the end elements of haptic
connections. It is concluded that it is possible to create a working system of IOL with elements ofaccommodation, at the subsequent possibility of using them in cataract treatment operations. The
purpose of further research is to select the optimal shape of haptic elements that provides their41

stiffness properties in the radial and axial directions to achieve the necessary accommodation
parameters.

Fig. 1. CAD model of a single IOL

Fig. 2. Distribution of axial displacements

Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (grant No. 14.Z50.31.0046).
References[1] Trivedi, R., Werner, L., Apple, D. et al. // Eye. 16, 217-241, 2002.
[2] Güell J.L., Morral M., Kook D., Kohnen T. // Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery.
36(11), 1976 – 1993, 2010.
[3] Sanders D., Vukich J.A. // Cornea. 25(10), 1139 – 46, 2006.
[4] de Silva S.R., Evans J.R., Kirthi V., Ziaei M., Leyland M. // The Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews. 12, CD003169, 2016.
[5] Carson D., Hill W.E., Hong X., Karakelle M. // Clinical Ophthalmology. 8, 2105 – 2113, 2014.
[6] Ong H.S., Evans J.R., Allan B.D. // The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 5,
CD009667, 2014.

42

Development of Standalone Computational Modules for
ACELAN-COMPOS Package
Arkadiy N. Soloviev1,2*, Dmitry K. Nadolin2**, Pavel A. Oganesyan2***
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Don State Technical University,

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2

I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences,
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **dknadolin@sfedu.ru; ***oganesyan@hey.com
ACELAN-COMPOS is a package for composite materials property identification. The package isbased on a modular architecture: a classic library responsible for performing calculations was used
as a basis for developing web and desktop applications. While client-server architecture was a
priority for ACELAN-COMPOS package and allowed one to perform all FEM-related
computations on server side, the possibility to run specific modules with predefined scenarios formaterial properties identification was also valuable. The computational modules have built-in meshgeneration algorithms for 3-3, 3-1 and 3-0 connectivity types, solvers for systems of linear equations
with sparse symmetric matrices, mesh import program interfaces and a library of finite elements
and post-processing tools. Such independent modules do not have ability to access material libraryand visualization tools of the package. The benefit of developing such modules lies not only in thepossibility of using the computing resources of the client computer, but also in the ease of parallel
execution of programs. Modules can be run independently, while their internal parallelization
settings can be changed by the user. Thus, the simultaneous launch of a large number of independent
processes, each of which uses a limited number of threads with a relatively small mesh size anddoes not take up a lot of RAM, is well suited for the needs of optimization methods, both
deterministic and based, for example, on genetic algorithms. New version of ACELAN scripting
language, based on Ruby programming language, was used as an input tool for standalone modules,
which also allowed one to perform simultaneous tasks with various settings due to the possibility
to modify scripts from external software. Both general FEM possibilities and simplified process ofmaterial identifications are available. Since homogenization method is used for material properties
identification, set of boundary problems should be solved to obtain effective moduli, these sets are
implemented as subroutines for scripting language. Further development of standalone modules
will be related to data synchronization possibility between main client-server application andstandalone modules. This will allow to perform distributed computations on server and client side
simultaneously.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 075-15-20191928.

43

Finite Element Modeling of the Interaction of an Ocular Prosthesis with theCorneal Tissue of the Eye
Arkadiy Soloviev1*, Nadegda Glushko1**, Alexander Epikhin2, Michael Swain3,
О. N. Lesnyak1***, А. Е. Ivanov1****
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Don State Technical University,

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Sydney University, Sydney, Australia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **leksa_n@list.ru; ***lesniak.olga@yandex.ru;****al.drobotow@yandex.ru
In the development of ocular prostheses, a number of problems arise, one of which is the design ofthe connection between the hard optical part and the soft tissue of the cornea. Their Young's moduli
can differ by three orders of magnitude. In this case, the problem arises of creating their connection,
which will eliminate injury to soft biological tissues. A keratoprosthesis is considered, which has asupport plate. For the first type, the stress-strain state is calculated. The purpose of this work is to
study the stress-strain state of the keraprosthesis and the cornea in the contact area. The
mathematical models of the structure under consideration are a boundary value problem of the linear
theory of elasticity. Spatial three-dimensional problems and problems in an axisymmetricformulation are solved by the finite element method. Finite element modeling of the structures underconsideration was carried out in the CAE software ANSYS and ACELAN. CAD-models of
keratoprostheses with the conditions of fixation and loading were built. The load on the
keraprosthesis under the action of internal ocular pressure was established. The stress-strain stateof the elements of the keratoprosthesis and the cornea was calculated. Particular attention is paid tothe vicinity of its contact with the keratoprosthesis. The results of calculating axial displacements
and mechanical stresses in a keratoprosthesis of the first type show that the geometric parameters
selected for it meet the kinematic and strength requirements. The models of the deformed state ofsoft biological tissues proposed in the work make it possible to assess their injury when using akeratoprosthesis of the type, and also to choose the most suitable conditions for its fixation.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (Grant No. 14.Z50.31.0046)

44Modeling of Multisection Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Devices Based on
Applied Theory
Arkadiy N. Soloviev1,2*, Pavel A. Oganesyan2**, Evgenia Kirillova3, V. A. Chebanenko4
1Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Don State Technical University,
2

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences, Southern Federal
University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Wiesbaden, Germany
4Southern Scientific Center of RAS, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **oganesyan@hey.com

In the present study we build models of multisection energy harvesting devices based on applied
theory of piezoelectric plate oscillations. In previous works we developed a method for solving
problems with piecewise homogeneous transducers with two principal parts: part with transverse
polarization and part with multidirectional longitudinal polarization. This theory was based on
variational principle. Numerical results show growth of output potential of such devices compared
to traditional uniformly polarized transducers. Sections with longitudinal polarization use d33
piezoelectric coefficient on working mode, which allows them to be more effective than parts withtransversal polarization. However, the possibility to build needed field of preliminary polarization
is limited by physical restrictions, so multisection devices can be used to combine multiple sections.
In this study we are extending possibilities of suggested model by expanding it to multisection
devices with any number of parts with different polarization. We obtained analytically the sets ofequations and boundary conditions for different parts of transducers. The numerical solution isbased on solving the resulting system of differential equations for a particular case. The final systemof equations for various configurations of the converter is built automatically by forming boundary
conditions that ensure the continuity of mechanical and electrical fields at the boundaries ofindividual parts of the converter. Numerical experiments are carried out using the MAPLE package,
for which a parameterized script was implemented. The ability to automatically solve a series ofproblems for various geometric parameters, material properties, loading schemes and device
configurations can significantly reduce the calculation time compared to traditional approaches
based on the finite element method because changing geometry of the model usually leads toremeshing on FEM which is not required in suggested approach. Numerical results were obtainedfor different types of materials, including porous piezoceramics. Devices with passive metallic layer
were also analyzed. Comparisons between FEM results and applied theory for multisection devices
showed close results in limits of applicability of the theory.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 075-15-20191928.

45

Temperature Stability of Resistive Switching in Titanium Oxide
Nanostructures
V.I. Avilov*, N.A. Sharapov, N.V. Polupanov, V.A. Smirnov
Southern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnology, Electronics and Electronic Equipment
Engineering, 2, Schevchenko Str., Taganrog, 347928, Russia*Avir89@yandex.ru
Memristor structures are one of the promising elements of nanoelectronics that can find theirapplication in a big-data processing system and neuromorphic devices. These elements have a highswitching speed, low energy consumption, and are non-volatile. Analysis of the literature showedthat the most preferred material for the manufacture of memristors is titanium oxide, structures
based on it have a large resistance ratio in the HRS and LRS states, and a large storage time.
Moreover, oxide nanostructures (ONSs) obtained by the method of local anodic oxidation (LAO)of titanium exhibit a memristor effect without an additional electroforming operation. This raises
the urgent task of studying the influence of temperature stability on the patterns of resistive
switching of such structures. To study the effect of temperature on the uniformity and stability ofresistive switching in the memristor structure using the Ntegra probe nanolaboratory (NT-MDT,
Russia), a 4.2 nm thick ONS of titanium was manufactured by the LAO method. Then, the currentvoltage characteristics of the obtained structure were measured at a substrate temperature of 25 and90 °C. An analysis of the results showed that titanium ONS at a substrate temperature of 25 and
90°C, titanium oxide nanostructures exhibit a memristor effect (Fig. 1). Moreover, at a read voltageof 1 V, a current of 3.52±1.08 nA in the LRS state and 0.71±0.32 nA in the HRS state flows throughthe structure obtained at a temperature of 25 °C, while the ratio of the resistances in the HRS andLRS is 4.9. A current of 0.63±0.48 nA in the LRS state and 0.09±0.02 nA in the HRS state flows
through the structure obtained at a temperature of 90 °C, while the ratio of resistances in the HRS
and LRS state is 6.5.

(a)

(b)

Fig. 1. Current-voltage characteristics of ONS of titanium measured at: (a) 25 °C and (b) 95 °C
46

It can be seen from the presented results that with an increase in the substrate temperature, thecurrent through the structures decreases for the HRS and LRS states, however, the ratio of
resistances does not change significantly. The results can be used in the development oftechnological processes for the formation of elements of nanoelectronics, as well as elements ofresistive memory based on oxide nanoscale structures.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by RFBR according to the research project No. 19-29-03041_mk, and by
grant of the President of the Russian Federation No. MK-767.2020.8.

The Impact of Deterministic and Stochastic Loads on the Support of the
Offshore Platform
R.A. Bardakova, A.A. Kotova, A.A. Matrosov*
Don State Technical University, Gagarin Sq., 1, Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia*amatrosov@donstu.ru
In the work, the problem of determining the distribution of stresses and strains in one of the supportsof the oil platform is solved [1, 2]. A sea-based platform with fixed attachment to the seabed isconsidered. The functional purpose of the support is divided into drilling, marine riser, storage andauxiliary, which determines their internal structure and ultimately affects the stress-strain state. The
problem is solved for the support, which acts as a reservoir for storing extracted oil. The support isa hollow cylinder of variable diameter, filled with a viscous fluid at three quarters of the height.
The material of the cylinder walls is concrete. We believe that the base of the column is rigidly
embedded in the bottom. The column is subjected to loads that can be divided into two types –deterministic and stochastic. Deterministic loads include: (i) the weight of various structures locatedon the platform; (ii) weight of the column itself; (iii) strength from the bulk effect of ice (relevant
for structures located in the northern regions). Stochastic loads include: (i) the influence ofunderwater currents washing the column; (ii) exposure to surface waves in a storm; (iii) wind loadon deck structures transmitted to the top of the column; (iv) seismic impact of the seabed on thebase of the platform support. In a first approximation, we believe that these stochastic loads are
determined by the deterministic component (constant value) and some random stochastic value.
The problem is solved in the framework of the linear theory of elasticity. Numerical calculations
for the support in question were performed in the ANSYS 19 R2 finite element analysis software
package. A finite element mesh with SOLID 65 elements was used. According to the results of thecalculation of finite element modeling, a picture of the stress distribution over the entire height ofthe support was obtained.
References[1] Kislyakov E.A., Matrosov A.A. In: Innovative Technologies in Science and Education “ITNO2018”: Materials of the VI Int. Sci. Practical Conf., September 5-9, 2018. Rostov-on-Don, DSTU,
191-193, 2018 (In Russian).
47

[2] Kislyakov E.A., Matrosov A.A. In: 2018 International Conference on "Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications" (PHENMA 2018), Busan, South Korea, August 9-11,
2018, Busan, Korea Maritime and Ocean University Press, 196, 2018.

Preparation and Characterization of Transparent Sn-ZnO Thin Films
Obtained by Pyrolysis
E.M. Bayan1*, V.V. Petrov2, V.Yu. Storozhenko1, M.G. Volkova1
1Southern Federal University, Faculty of chemistry, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment

Engineering, Taganrog, Russia*ekbayan@sfedu.ru
Nanoscale zinc oxide films have transparency in the visible range and good optical properties,
which give opportunities for their application in modern optical converters and solar cells.
Promising results for obtaining films with different band gap can be achieved by synthesizing
nanoscale ZnO films doped with tin (IV) oxide (ZTO) [1]. The aim of this work was to synthesize
three-layer zinc oxide films doped with tin (IV) oxide by low-temperature pyrolysis. SnCl4•5H2O,
Zn(CH3COO)2•2H2O in different concentrations, dioxane and organic acid were used as precursors
for the synthesis of ZTO films. The molar ratios of zinc and tin were Sn:Zn = 0:100, 0.5:99.5, 1:99
and 5:95. Salts solution in the organic solvent was applied to pre-prepared glass substrates, dried in
the air and calcined at 550 oC for 2 hours. Obtained materials were studied by XRD (diffractometer
Thermo ARL, Switzerland) in Cukα radiation and scanning electron microscopy methods (SEM,
electron microscopy ЕМХplus 10/12 Bruker, Germany). Optical properties were studied using
optical absorption spectra obtained on the Varian Cary-100 spectrophotometer (Australia). The
wurzite structure, which is typical for zinc oxide was confirmed by the XRD method. The average
size of the coherent scattering regions calculated using the Scherrer equation was about 20 nm.
According to SEM data, the thickness of three-layer films was 200-220 nm. When studying theoptical properties, it was shown that in comparison with pure zinc oxide, there is a slight narrowingof the band gap at the ratio of tin and zinc ions concentration of 0.5:99.5. Thus, low-temperature
pyrolysis method was used to synthesize film materials based on zinc oxide, which can berecommended for using in functional electronic elements and power engineering.
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the RFBR, project 20-07-00653 A. The authors are gratefulto the Molecular Spectroscopy Center of Southern Federal University for the registration of spectra.
References[1] Petrov V.V., Varzarev Y.N., Bayan E.M., Storozhenko V.Yu., Rozhko A.A. // Proceedings ofthe 2019 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Photonics, 8906834, P. 242,
2019.

Wave Fields in an Orthotropic Strip Weakened by a Cylindrical Cavity of
Small Characteristic Size
48

O. A. Belyak
Rostov State Transport University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
o_bels@mail.ru
The problems of oscillations of elastic semi-bounded bodies have long attracted the attention ofmany researchers, since the analysis of dynamic processes is very important, for example, inassessing the dynamic strength of elements of heavily loaded vehicles, machines and mechanisms,
in geophysics and mining mechanics. Note that for isotropic homogeneous media, dynamic
processes in such structures are well studied. In this paper, we consider the problem of vibrationsof an orthotropic layer weakened by a cylindrical cavity of a small characteristic size. A steadystate oscillation regime with a frequency 𝜔 of a layer of thickness ℎ with a cylindrical cavity notextending to the boundary of the layer whose guide is a smooth closed curve l with a generator
parallel to the y-axis is considered. The lower edge of the layer is rigidly pinched and coincides
with the x-axis, the z-axis is directed perpendicular upward. The axes of elastic symmetry of theorthotropic material coincide with the axes of the coordinate system. Fluctuations in the layer arecaused by an oscillating load applied to the upper part of the layer boundary. The study of thedescribed problem was carried out on the base of information on the system of boundary integral
equations with irregular kernels based on the ideas of potential theory [1]. It should be noted thatthe obtained boundary integral equations are formulated only along the boundary of the cavity l.
The fields of displacements on the cavity were determined from the constructed systems ofboundary integral equations based on the asymptotic approach under the assumption that therelative characteristic size of the cavity is small. Based on numerical experiments, the areas ofcorrect operation of the asymptotic approach are determined in comparison with the boundary
element method [2].
Acknowledgement
The author is grateful to Prof. Vatulyan A.O. for attention to the work.
References[1] Vatulyan A.O., Belyak O.A. // Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics, 3(50),
512–518, 2009.
[2] Vatulyan A.O., Belyak O.A. // Acoustical Physics, 3(66), 235–241, 2020.

On the Prediction of the Mechanical and Tribological Properties ofDispersively Filled Composites
49

O.A. Belyak*, T.V. Suvorova
Rostov State Transport University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*o_bels@mail.ru
Modification of polymers to obtain composite materials with new or improved physico-mechanicalproperties has attracted the constant interest of researchers, since the starting materials often do nothave a set of properties and characteristics necessary for one or another of their practicalapplications. Among the most promising areas of creating composite materials with polymer
matrices for the manufacture of a wide range of structural and tribotechnical parts is the functional
modification of base matrices with components of various compositions and purposes. The
introduction of various types and concentrations of nanomodified fillers and nanosized additives
into the polymer matrix allows the directional formation of a composite with desired properties. An
important problem in this case is directed modeling of the physico-mechanical properties of thecomposite. To this end, a study was made of the stress-strain state of a composite material under
tribological contact, depending on the physico-mechanical characteristics of the matrix andadditives, their shape, concentration, and distribution method in the matrix. The study was
implemented in two stages. At the first stage, the effective elastic properties of the composite
material were determined based on the differential scheme. In order to test the computational model,
the obtained data were compared with the data of experiment, based on the nanoindentation method.
At the second stage, the stress – strain state of the material during tribological contact was calculated
based on the solution of the contact problem of sliding a rigid punch with a flat sole along a halfspace with mechanical properties of an equivalent elastic medium corresponding to a composite
material [1]. The calculations were performed for a composite material with a matrix of aromaticpolyamide phenylone C-2 reinforced with short unidirectional arimide fibers or nanosized additivesof aluminum-magnesium spinel [2].
Acknowledgement
This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 20-08-00614).
References[1] Belyak O.A., Suvorova T.V. // Ecological Bulletin of Research Centers of the Black Sea
Economic Cooperation, 3(16), 33-39, 2019.
[2] Ivanochkin P.G., Suvorova T.V, Danilchenko S.A., Novikov E. S., Belyak O.A. // Vestnik of
Rostov State Transport University, 4(72), 18-25, 2018.

Features of Rayleigh Waves Propagation in Structures with FGPM Coating
Made of Various Materials
Т. I. Belyankova1*, E. I. Vorovich2, V. V. Kalinchuk1, O. M. Tukodova250

1Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SSC RAS),
Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Don State Technical University (DSTU), Rostov-on-Don, Russia*tbelen415@mail.ru

In the framework of a model for piezoelectric structure with an inhomogeneous coating of two andthree materials, the behavior of Rayleigh waves is studied. The structure is a homogeneous halfspace made of PZT-5H ferroelectric ceramics with a functionally graded coating, whose properties
vary continuously in a non-monotonic manner from the parameters of one material to another. As
coating materials, combinations of high- and low-speed PZT-based ceramics with various
localization regions in thickness are considered. The study of the features of the surface waves
propagation is based on solving boundary value problems of the electro-elasticity theory for media
with an inhomogeneous coating, constructing the Green functions of the medium, and analyzing its
dispersion properties. The solution is constructed in Fourier images with subsequent inversion; a
combination of the analytical representation for its homogeneous components with high-precision
numerical recovery for heterogeneous ones is used. The problems of the surface waves propagationfrom a remote point source of harmonic oscillations in a piezoelectric structure with an electrically
free and shorted surface are considered. The influence of the ratio of physical parameters for thecoating materials, the localization region, and the size of the transition zone of one material intoanother on the propagation features of Rayleigh waves at various oscillation frequencies is studied.
Within the framework of models, the patterns of the frequency distribution for the effective
coefficient of electromechanical coupling are studied depending on the nature of coating
heterogeneity and its location. The results obtained are useful for understanding the dynamic
processes in prestressed piezoelectric structures, and for optimizing and designing new
constructions and devices based on surface acoustic waves (SAWs) with high operational
characteristics.
Acknowledgements
The work was carried out as part of the implementation of the state assignment for the Southern
Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SSC RAS), project No. 01201354242, andwith partial financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grants Nos. 19-0801051 and 19-01-00719.

Specific Features of SH-Waves Propagation in Structures with Prestressed
Inhomogeneous Coating Made of Piezoceramics Based on LiNbO3
Т.I. Belyankova1*, E.I. Vorovich2, V.V. Kalinchuk1, O.M. Tukodova251

1Southern Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*tbelen415@mail.ru

Within the framework of the linearized theory of electro-elasticity, a model is considered for apiezoelectric structure with a prestressed functionally graded coating made of piezoceramics of a
trigonal system with a 3m symmetry class in the natural state. Ferroelectric LiNbO3 is used as thebase material of the structure. It is assumed that the stress-strain state of the coating material ishomogeneous and is induced by the action of initial mechanical stresses and an electric field. The
properties of the coating vary in a continuous non-monotonic manner over the thickness. The
propagation features are studied for surface acoustic waves (SAWs) caused by the action of a distantsource of harmonic oscillations in structures with an electrically free and short-circuited surface.
The constitutive relations and equations of motion for the electro-elastic medium, linearized in thevicinity of a certain equilibrium state, are used, which allow us to consider the effect of initial
deformation on both the elastic and the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of the coating material.
The model takes into account both coherent and separate influences of mechanical and electricaleffects. The analysis of structural features of the surface wave field was carried out based on solving
the boundary value problems of the electro-elasticity theory for media with an inhomogeneous
coating, using the numerical-analytical method for constructing the Green functions, and analyzing
the dispersion properties of the medium. The influence of coating inhomogeneity and the magnitude
and area of its localization on the frequency distribution of SAW velocities is investigated. Within
the framework of the model, the separate and combined influence of the initial effects on the change
in the physical properties of the structure, the transformation of the surface wave field, and thechange in the SAW velocities are studied in a wide frequency range, depending on the parametersof the electric field, and the type and magnitude of mechanical stresses. The results obtained in thiswork are useful for understanding the dynamic processes in prestressed piezoelectric structures andoptimizing and designing new constructions and devices on surface acoustic waves with highperformance characteristics.
Acknowledgements
This work was carried out as part of the implementation of the State assignment for the Southern
Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences (state registration number 01201354242) andwith the partial financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants Nos. 19-0100719-a, 19-08-01051-a).

Nut Height Effect on Anti-loosening Performance of Pitch Difference Bolt Nut
Connections
Biao Wang*, Nao-Aki Noda, Yoshikazu Sano, Xi Liu, Yuto Inui,
Bei-fen Siew
52

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology,
1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi 804-8550, Japan*gongliwangbiao@163.com
Prevailing torque is quite a popular way to prevent the self-loosening of bolt nut connections. In
previous studies, it has been proven that when introducing a suitable pitch difference between the
nut and the bolt, a prevailing torque appears so that the anti-loosening performance of the bolts canbe improved a lot. For bolts with standard height, to obtain big enough prevailing torque to acquire
good anti-loosening performance, the suitable pitch difference is quite large. However, when thepitch difference is too large, the improvement of fatigue life of the bolt nut connections will decrease.
Therefore, to obtain a better combination of anti-loosening performance and fatigue life, the antiloosening performance of long nut with pitch differences are investigated in this study. It is foundthat by increase the nut height, the same prevailing torque as that of the nut with standard height
can be obtained.

An Effective Method for Recognizing Heterogeneities in Composite Materials
O. V. Bocharova1*, I. E. Andjikovich2, A. V. Sedov1, V. V. Kalinchuk1.
1Southern Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*olga_rostov1983@mail.ru
Currently, composite materials are increasingly used in various industries. Sandwich composites
are a special class of composite materials. These construction materials are becoming more andmore popular due to their unique ability to reduce the weight of the finished product without losing
mechanical properties. Sandwich composites have such important characteristics as low weight,
high rigidity, strength, thermal insulation, vibration resistance, corrosion resistance, good dielectric
properties, which allow their successive use in various industries, including aircraft construction,
shipbuilding, wind energy, aerospace, transport, etc. During operation under conditions of highloads and vibrations, significant stresses arise in structures, which can lead to the appearance ofdelaminations, hidden defects in them, which sharply reduce their strength characteristics that cancause their destruction. This circumstance necessitates the development of new methods for
identifying defects and heterogeneities in composite materials.
In the present work, an effective approach has been proposed that allows recognizing the presenceof heterogeneity and determining its type, based on monitoring changes in the parameters of surface
wave fields. To increase the informativeness of the wave field, an original method has beendeveloped that allows capturing minor differences in wave fields. This method is based on the useof optimal signal expansions on a basis that is adaptively tuned to the maximum possible sensitivity
to defects characteristics. A series of experimental studies has been conducted to investigate thepossibility of using this approach to identify heterogeneities in a sandwich composite. The
possibility of recognizing the presence and type of heterogeneity (separation of fiberglass, rigid
53

inclusions) from the reflected and transmitted wave field has been investigated. The experimental
results showed that using of the proposed approach provides a clear recognition of the type ofheterogeneity in the diagnostic space of images. When recognizing the presence of heterogeneityand determining its type in a sandwich composite, the transmitted wave field is more informative,
which must be taken into account by choosing the sensor location.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for the Basic Research (18-08-01012, 19-0100719, 19-48-230042).

Modeling of Biological Tissues Taking into Account the Residual Stress
I. V. Bogachev
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federationbogachev89@yandex.ru
At the present time, the relevant task of biomechanics is to create an adequate models of various
biological tissues as inhomogeneous media of complex structure. Models of this kind should take
into account both the essential inhomogenety of tissues and organs, as well as the possible presenceof fields of residual stresses (prestress) in them. Prestress can have a natural occurrence, for example,
in bones, blood vessels, muscle tissue, and appear after scarring of the tissue due to damage or
surgery. Moreover, in medicine, a special place is occupied by the tasks of monitoring thephysiological state of tissues and organs, which allows predicting the onset and development ofvarious diseases and pathologies at the early stages, as well as monitoring the stages of restorationof damaged tissues (bones, tendons, soft tissues), and assessing the level of prestresses. One of themost common diagnostic methods is the ultrasound diagnostic method, which belongs to the classof acoustic methods. Its advantages include simplicity of practical implementation, universality of
application for the whole organism and, most importantly, non-destructive effect. Numerous
experimental data show that the behavior of the skin corresponds to a substantially nonlinear
viscoelastic material, it is a composite material consisting of discrete parts. In this case, it isnecessary to take into account the presence of several layers in it (epidermis, dermis andsubcutaneous fat), which have their own characteristics. Due to these features, conventional solid
models cannot adequately describe the experimental results of studies in the skin. It is also worth
noting the need to take into account the factor of prestress that occurs in the upper layers of the skinin the result of scarring during damage, for example, after plastic surgery. Their contribution to thedeformation pattern is quite significant. In this work, we consider the problem of restoring theproperties of a viscoelastic layer inhomogeneous in thickness (modeling the skin), which in turnconsists of three layers modeling the subcutaneous fat, dermis, and epidermis. These three layers
are considered prestressed. A model of a standard viscoelastic body is used to describe viscoelastic
behavior. The statement of the problem is written out on the base of a general linearized statementof the problem of oscillations of a body with residual stress-strain state. Mechanical characteristics
and residual stress were considered as functions of the transverse coordinate. The inverse problem,
which consists in determining the complex modules of each of the layers and the complex function54

of prestress from the data on the acoustic response (amplitude-frequency characteristics) at a certain
point on the surface of the skin, is formulated. To construct a computational scheme using theFourier transform along the longitudinal coordinate, the initial two-dimensional problem is written
in transformants. To solve the inverse problem, a projection solution scheme is constructed basedon the expansion of the functions of complex modules, residual stress, and transformants of thedisplacement functions in some systems of linearly independent functions and the subsequent
solution of systems of linear and nonlinear equations with respect to the expansion coefficients. The
results of computational experiments of the restoration of various functions, characterizing thecomplex modules and prestresses of each of the layers of the skin, are presented.
Acknowledgement
The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project code 18-71-10045).

On the Identification of the Characteristics of Functional-Gradient Plates in
the Framework of the Kirchhoff and Timoshenko Models
I. V. Bogachev
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federationbogachev89@yandex.ru
In modern mechanics, new models of functionally gradient plates are often used in solving problems
associated with technical objects: plates with spraying from various materials used in the
manufacture of blades and cutting discs, membrane pressure sensors, pipe flanges, piston systems.
In this regard, the problems of identifying their characteristics, including the components of thetensor of elastic characteristics and density, which are functions of spatial coordinates, are very
relevant. Their solution requires the development of effective non-destructive diagnostic methods
based on the acoustic approach, as one of the simplest in practical implementation and therefore
has several advantages. This study is a development of previous studies on the modeling of
inhomogeneous round plates in the framework of the Kirchhoff and Timoshenko models. Moreover,in these studies, the density was considered known and constant, which is not always satisfied forfunctionally gradient materials. However, when using the iterative approach from one experiment,
it is not possible to restore two functions at once. In the problem of plate vibrations in the frameworkof the Timoshenko model, a different projection approach was developed to solve the inverse
problem. It consists in the unknown functions of mechanical characteristics, in particular,
cylindrical stiffness, as well as the deflection and angle of rotation of the normal, were represented
as expansions in some systems of linearly independent functions, and then systems of linear andnonlinear equations with respect to the coefficients of these expansions are successively solved.
Later it was found that due to the fact that when using the projection method, a solution is searched
for in a given class of functions, due to which the initial ill-posed inverse problem is regularized,
this technique can be used to identify two or more unknown functions at once. In this report, two
new statements of inverse problems on the identification of the functions of cylindrical stiffness inthe analysis of steady-state oscillations of a circular functionally gradient plate inhomogeneous in
the radial coordinate in the framework of the Kirchhoff and Timoshenko models are formulated.
55

Oscillations are excited by a uniformly distributed load applied to the upper face of the plate. The
plate is considered symmetrical in angular coordinate and rigidly fixed along the contour. As input
information for the inverse problem, we used the acoustic response at some point of the plate in agiven set of frequencies. To solve the direct problems of calculating oscillations, solution schemes
based on the Galerkin method are constructed. In this case, the influence of both sought functions
on the amplitude-frequency characteristics is analyzed. In both cases, a generalized projection
technique for solving inverse problems was constructed, the results of which are illustrated by setsof computational experiments to identify various functions.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

On the Modeling of Delamination of an Inhomogeneous Polymer
Coating of a Strip
I.V. Bogachev*, A.O. Vatulyan
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation*bogachev89@yandex.ru
Functionally gradient polymer coatings are one of the most actively developing types of protective
coatings. Moreover, modeling the appearance of defects in them, in particular, the appearance ofdelamination in coatings, is an urgent modern task. For protective and insulating coatings, theoccurrence of delamination is a critical factor, and in diagnostics it is important to localize
delamination, determining its nature and location, as well as to identify the causes of its occurrence.
Functional gradient polymer coatings, whose properties depend on coordinates and can vary overwide ranges, are one of the common coating classes. Also, rheological properties are characteristicof such coatings and creep and relaxation processes take place. For such coatings, it is important todevelop new effective non-destructive methods for diagnosing delamination. For modelling thedelamination of functional gradient polymer coatings, we consider in this study the problem ofcalculating the vibrations of an inhomogeneous elastic strip with a peeling viscoelastic coating. The
viscoelastic properties of the coating are described on the basis of the concept of complex modules,
the equations of oscillations are written using the correspondence principle, in which elastic
modules are replaced by functions of complex modules, which depend not only on spatial
coordinates, but also on the frequency of oscillations. The lower edge of the strip is rigidly pinched,a load is applied to the upper edge in a given area. Between the substrate and the coating there is apeeling region, the coordinates of which are known. In this study, the mechanical characteristics ofthe strip and coating were considered as functions of the transverse coordinate. At the first stage, toconstruct disclosure functions in the delamination region using the integral Fourier transform, theproblem is reduced to solving individual boundary value problems for the substrate and coating intransformants. The solution to each of the problems is presented as a linear combination of solutions
to auxiliary Cauchy problems for various types of boundary conditions. Then, to construct thedisclosure functions from the conditions that the stresses in the delamination region are zero56

(delamination is modeled as a mathematical section), based on the inverse of the Fourier transform,
the corresponding operator relations are formulated in the form of integral equations of the firstkind. The kernels of the constructed operator relations are singular and are integrals over an infinite
interval; special approaches are used to calculate them. Based on a similar approach, a scheme forcalculating the displacement function at the upper boundary of the coating is constructed. The
results of computational experiments on the influence of various sets of initial parameters of the
problem are presented: (i) ratios of the modules of each layer; (ii) coating thickness on the opening
and (iii) displacement functions at the upper boundary of the layer.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project code 18-11-00069).

Relaxation Processes in the Organic Anti-Corrosion Films
A. S. Bogatin, E. N. Sidorenko*, S. P. Shpanko, K. G. Abdulvakhidov
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia*si-do-re@mail.ru
Previously, we have studied the properties of protective films based on an organic compound of theimidazole class and its compositions with chloride and rodanide anions. It was found that the
impedance of these films is an inductive type impedance, regardless of the nature of anions, theirconcentration (C), and the time of experience (t). The electrical conductivity of the films with anarea of 1 cm2 is large and varies from 0.1 to 2 S when exposed to uniaxial pressure up to 2.5×105
Pa [1, 2]. It is known that various groups of relaxers are present in organic materials. Therefore,
these films with high through conductivity are of increased interest for the study of relaxation
processes in them [3]. In the frequency range of 102 – 106 Hz, the electric capacity and the tangentof the dielectric loss angle tgδ of freshly prepared films obtained by adsorption of a composite
inhibitor with different concentrations of the rodanide anion (CKNCS = 0.01 – 0.09 mol/l) and thetime of formation (t = 1 – 5 days) of the adsorption film were measured. In the frequency
dependence of the complex permittivity the real part ε'(ν) of films with the maximum values of
CKNCS and t, a deep relaxation-type dielectric dispersion is observed, accompanied by a multiple
decrease in ε' with increasing frequency ν of the measuring field. These films are characterized byvery high low-frequency capacitance values (hundreds of mkF) or static dielectric permittivity ε'0.
At the plot of the tg δ(ν) dependence in the frequency range of 104 – 105 Hz, a blurred minimum isobserved, which is typical for materials with highly developed relaxation processes and large
through electrical conductivity. The frequency dependence of the imaginary part of the complex
permittivity ε''(ν) has no extrema: the value of ε'' smoothly decreases tenfold with increasing
frequency. The frequency dependence of the imaginary part of the complex conductivity σ''(ν) has
a clear maximum at a frequency of 103 Hz. The high electrical conductivity of the films changes
the standard appearance of the Cole-Cole diagram. In the low-frequency region of the diagram ε'' ≠0, with decreasing ε' the value of ε'' does not increase, but, on the contrary, first sharply and thenmore smoothly decreases. The dependence ε" = f(ε') has not a maximum and only in the highfrequency region it is a part of the deformed circle. The phase shift between the current and the57

voltage applied to the film is φ > 0, which indicates that the current oscillations is lagging relative
to the voltage oscillations. The frequency dependence φ(ν) is a curve with a maximum (φmax = 85)at a frequency of 20 kHz. Over time, the relaxation processes are weakened, and when the uniaxialpressure is applied to the film, on the contrary, they increase. Zero values of the total capacitanceof parallel connected film samples with capacitors of different ratings were obtained at different
frequencies. This result confirms the previously obtained inductive character of these films
impedance. Thus, the investigated organic films can be considered as disordered systems with alarge through inertial electrical conductivity, non-Debye spectrum of dielectric permittivity, highphase sensitivity, highly developed relaxation processes, and with a high coefficient of steel
corrosion inhibition.
References[1] Shpanko S.P., Sidorenko E.N., Kuznetsova L.E., Sosin E.A. In: Advanced Materials Proceedings of the International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials andTheir Applications”, PHENMA 2018, Springer Proceedings in Physics, Ivan A. Parinov, ShunHsyung Chang, Yun-Hae Kim (Eds.). Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland, 224, 123-130, 2019.
[2] Shpanko S.P., Sidorenko E.N., Kuznetsova L.E., Abdulvakhidov K.G., Obuhov D.S. In:
Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Physics and Mechanics of New Materials andTheir Applications, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Yun-Hae Kim (Eds.). Nova Science
Publishers, New York, 13-19, 2019.
[3] Bogatin A.S., Turik A.V. // Processes of Relaxation Polarization in Dielectrics with Highthrough Electrical Conductivity. Rostov-on-Don. SFedU. Phoenix, 2013, 255 p. (In Russian).

Maxwell-Wagner Relaxation in the Layered (1 – x)NaNbO3 – xCa2Nb2O7
Ceramics
N.A. Boldyrev*, E.I. Sitalo
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*nboldyrev@sfedu.ru
Ceramics of binary systems solid solutions (1 – x)NaNbO3 – xCa2Nb2O7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1, Δx = 0.1) with
non-isostructural extreme components were prepared by the solid-phase reactions technique withfollowing sintering using conventional ceramic technology.

58

Fig. 1. Dependences of ε'/ε0(f), ε''/ε0(f) и ε''/ε0 (ε'/ε0) in the 0.7NaNbO3 – 0.3Ca2Nb2O7 ceramics; thesolid lines correspond to the calculation results for the case taking into account the contribution of thesingular term; the dashed lines correspond to the calculation results without taking into account thecontribution of the singular term

It was established that in a number of samples from layered zone, the Maxwell-Wagner polarization[1] and the corresponding relaxation are present. It manifested itself in the presence of frequencydependent maxima in the dependences ε'/ε0(T) and tgδ(T). It is shown that the anomalies, which are
the consequence of the non-Debye dielectric relaxation, shift to the high temperature region withan increase in the frequency of the measuring electric field. The most probable cause of the revealed
process can be described by Cole – Cole distribution function (Fig. 1) of Maxwell–Wagner
relaxation with the wide spectrum of the distribution of relaxation times in the crystallite–interlayer
heterogeneous system.
Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020) withequipment of the CCU "EETPS", RIF SFedU.
Reference[1] I.P. Raevski, S.A. Prosandeev, A.S. Bogatin, M.A. Malitskaya, L. Jastrabik // J. Appl. Phys., 93,4130, 2003.

59

New Quantum Spaser Theory
Boris V. Bondarev
Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia
bondarev.b@mail.ru
In nanophysics, structures of very small sizes were predicted theoretically and experimentallycreated − so-called spasers, which are analogous to lasers [1, 2]. Previously, the author of this reportdeveloped the laser theory based on the density matrix method [3, 4]. In this report, the new laser
theory is applied to the description of the spaser operation. The kinetics of transitions between
atomic energy levels is described by the equation:d𝑁 ⁄d𝑡 = − [ 𝑄 + 𝐵 𝑊(𝜔) ] 𝑁 + [ 𝐴 + 𝐵 𝑊(𝜔) ] 𝑁 ,(1)
where 𝑁 + 𝑁 = 𝑁, 𝑁 = 𝑁 (𝑡) and 𝑁 = 𝑁 (𝑡) is the number of atoms in states 1 and 2 at time t,
N is the total number of active atoms, Q is the pumping intensity, A is the intensity of the
spontaneous transition, 𝐵 𝑊(𝜔) is the intensity of the transition under the action of radiation,𝑊(𝜔) is the spectral energy density of radiation. This formula is valid for spazer operation.
The operator 𝐻 of the active atom in the coordinate representation may look as( )𝐻 =𝜀 𝛿 +𝑉 ,
(2)
( )

( )

where 𝛼, 𝛽 = 1, 2; 𝜀 and 𝜀 are the energies at the first and second levels, and 𝑉 are thematrix elements of the operator of the dipole interaction of a stationary atom and radiation. If theintensity of the electric field that acts on the atom is equal to E = 𝑬 cos 𝜔 𝑡, where 𝑬 and ω arethe amplitude and frequency of the light incident on the atom, then the matrix elements will beequal:
𝑉 = 𝑉 = 0,
𝑉 = 𝑉 ∗ = − 𝒅 ∙ 𝑬 cos 𝜔 𝑡 = − ℏ 𝛺 cos 𝜔 𝑡,(3)
where 𝒅 is the electric dipole moment of atom. The frequency 𝛺 = 𝒅 ∙ 𝑬 ⁄ℏ, is called the Rabi
frequency. The eigenvalue of the atom energy can simply be found, if we know the Hamiltonian
𝐻 , which is in diagonal form:
𝐻 =𝜀 𝛿 ,(4)
where 𝜀 is the desired eigenvalue of the atom energy.
To go from the Hamiltonian 𝐻 to the diagonal Hamiltonian 𝐻 , one must find the unitarymatrix 𝑈 . So, we know two Hamiltonians in α- and κ- representations. Now, we can find therelations, connecting the density matrices 𝜚 and 𝜚 in these representations. To find the matrix
𝜚 write the equation:i ℏ 𝜕𝜚 ⁄𝜕𝑡 = ∑ ( 𝐻 𝜚 − 𝜚 𝐻 ) + i ℏ 𝐷 .
(5)
In the paper [5], it was proved that when the density matrix 𝜚 has a diagonal form, equation (5)transforms into the kinetic equation (1). In this way, we can find the dissipative matrix 𝐷 , andthen we find the density matrix in the κ-representation. Now we will find the spectral densities ofradiation energies Δ (x) and Δ (x), which fly along the length h of the resonator in opposite
directions:𝜇 𝑐 ⁄𝑁 dΔ ⁄d𝑥 = ( 𝐴⁄2 + B Δ ) 𝜚 – B Δ 𝜚 ,(6)− 𝜇 𝑐 ⁄𝑁 dΔ ⁄d𝑥 = ( 𝐴⁄2 + B Δ ) 𝜚 – B Δ 𝜚 ,(7)60

where μ is the constant of dimension, c is the speed of light, 𝑁 is the number of active atoms on
the path h, 𝜚 and 𝜚 are the elements of the density matrix in the α-representation.
Solvingthese equations, we find the spectral density of the radiation emitted from the spaser:Δ(𝜔) = F(𝛼, R, h) 𝑁 Ω ⁄{ 𝜇 𝜔 [ ( 𝜔 − 𝜔 ) + Γ ] },
(8)
( )
( )
where 𝐹(𝛼, 𝑅, ℎ) is the coefficient, 𝑅 is the rate of reflection of light, 𝜔 = ( 𝜀 − 𝜀 )⁄ℏ, Γ isthe relaxation coefficient, 𝛼 = 𝜇 𝑁 𝐵 ( 𝜚 − 𝜚 )⁄(2 𝑐).
References[1] Bergman D.J., Stockman M.I. // Physical Review Letters, 90, 027402, 2003.
[2] Noginov M.A., Zhu G., Belgrave A.M., Bakker R., Shalaev V.M., Narimanov E.E., Stout S.,
Herz E., Suteewong T., Wiesner U. // Nature, 460, 1110, 2009.
[3] Bondarev B.V. // News Donetsk National University, Ser. A: Natural Sciences, 4, 54-68, 2017.
[4] Bondarev B.V. My scientific articles. Book 3. Moscow: Sputnik +, 2018.
[5] Bondarev B.V. // Theor. Math. Phys., 100, 33-43, 1994.

Theory of Ball Lightning
Boris V. Bondarev
Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia
bondarev.b@mail.ru
Ball lightning is a glowing ball that moves randomly in the air. The temperature inside the balloon
is assumed to be very high. Therefore, we will consider it such that all the atoms will be ionized, sothat there are only electrons and nuclei of atoms in the ball, which we will consider all the same.
Electrons are several thousand times lighter than nuclei. Therefore, we assume that the electrons
are evenly distributed over the volume of the ball with the concentration 𝑤 (е) = 3 N 𝑍⁄(4 𝜋 𝑅 ),where N is the number of nuclei, Z is the number of electrons in the atom, and R is the radius of theball lightning. The potential energy of the nuclei in the electron field will be consideredapproximately equal toU(r) = 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) 𝑟 ,(1)
where e is the elementary electric charge, r is the distance from the center of the ball. Then theelectrons will act on the nucleus with the force:
F = − 2 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) 𝒓 .
(2)
The most important equation that all quantum physics obeys is the equation for the statisticaloperator 𝜚 . This equation was phenomenologically written by Lindblad [1] asi ℏ 𝜕𝜚⁄𝜕𝑡 = [ 𝐻 𝜚 ] + i ℏ ∑ 𝐶 { 2 𝑎 𝜚 𝑎 − 𝑎 𝑎 𝜚 − 𝜚 𝑎 𝑎 } ,(3)where 𝐻 is the Hamiltonian of the system, 𝐶 is some matrix, and 𝑎 is an arbitrary operator thatstill needs to be found.
In [2], two dissipative diffusion and attenuation operators were proposed:
𝒂 = 𝒑 + i ℏ 𝛽 𝑭⁄4 ,𝒂 = 𝒓 + i ℏ 𝛽 𝒑⁄(4 𝑀) ,(4)61

where 𝒓, 𝒑 and 𝑭 are the coordinate, momentum and force operators; M is the mass of the particle,
𝛽 = 1⁄(𝑘 𝑇) is the inverse temperature. Substituting these operators into the Linblad equation
gives:i ℏ 𝜕𝜚⁄𝜕𝑡 = [ 𝐻 𝜚 ] + i 𝐷⁄ℏ { [ 𝒑 [ 𝒑 𝜚 ] ] + i ℏ 𝛽 ⁄2 [ 𝒑 [ 𝑭 𝜚 ] ] } ++ i 𝛾⁄ℏ { [ 𝒓 [ 𝒓 𝜚 ] ] + i ℏ 𝛽 ⁄(2 M) [ 𝒓 [ 𝒑 𝜚 ] ] } ,(5)where D and γ are the diffusion and attenuation coefficients. In this equation, the terms that contain𝛽 are discarded. Now substitute the formulas (1) and (2) in Equation (5). We will have an equationthat describes the motion of nuclei in the ball lightning:i ℏ 𝜕𝜚⁄𝜕𝑡 = [ 𝒑 ⁄(2 𝑀) + 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) 𝒓 , 𝜚 ] ++ i 𝐷⁄ℏ { [ 𝒑 [ 𝒑 𝜚 ] ] − 2 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) i ℏ 𝛽 ⁄2 [ 𝒑 [ 𝒓 𝜚 ] ] } ++ i 𝛾⁄ℏ { [ 𝒓 [ 𝒓 𝜚 ] ] + i ℏ 𝛽 ⁄(2 M) [ 𝒓 [ 𝒑 𝜚 ] ] } .
(6)
In [3, 4], the following average values for atomic nuclei in the ball lightning were derived from
Equation (6):𝜕〈𝒓〉⁄𝜕𝑡 = 〈𝒑〉⁄𝑀 , 𝜕〈𝒑〉⁄𝜕𝑡 = − 2 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) 〈𝒓〉 − 2 𝛾 𝛽 ⁄𝑀 〈𝒑〉 ;(7)〈𝒓 〉 = 2 𝑁⁄𝐹 { [ ( 𝛾 𝛽) + 2 𝛾 𝛽 𝐷 𝑔 + 2 𝑔 ] 𝐷 + 𝛾⁄𝑀 },(8)〈𝒑 〉 = 4 𝑔 𝑁⁄𝐹 { 2 𝑔 𝐷 𝑀 + ( 𝐷 𝛽 𝛾 + 2 𝐷 𝛽 𝑔 𝑀 + 1 ) 𝛾 },(9)where = 4 𝑔 𝛽 {𝐷 𝛾 𝛽 ( 𝛾 𝛽 ⁄𝑀 + 2 𝐷 𝑔 𝛽 ) + 𝛾⁄𝑀 + 2 𝐷 𝑔 } , g = 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) . Consider two
extreme cases, when either D = 0 or γ = 0. In all these cases, we have:〈𝒓 〉 = 𝑁⁄ 2 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) 𝛽 , 〈𝒑 〉 = 𝑀 𝑁⁄𝛽 .
It is shown that the atomic nuclei will be distributed over the volume of the ball lightning
approximately according to the formula:𝑤(𝒓) = 𝑁 B(R, 𝛼) exp ( − 𝛼 𝒓 ) .
(10)
where = 2 𝛽 𝑍 e 𝑤 (е) .
References[1] Lindblad G. // Commun. Math. Phys., 48, 119-130, 1976.
[2] Bondarev B.V. // Physica A, 176(2), 366-386, 1991.
[3] Bondarev B.V. // Scientific Discussion, 1(38), 37-44, 2019.
[4] Bondarev B.V. // Scientific Discussion, 1(39), 10-16, 2020.

Asymptotics of Displacements in Back-reflected Ultrasonic Waves from a
3D Defect Located in an Elastic Material
N.V. Boyev
I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute,
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
nvboev@sfedu.ru
Within the framework of the geometric theory of diffraction (GTD), the leading term of theasymptotic behavior of the displacement amplitude is obtained in the case of backscattering of
longitudinal and transverse waves in the far field approximation. The practical importance of thisstudy is that obstacles in acoustic media and defects in elastic media are detected during ultrasonic62non-destructive testing (UNT) by high-frequency acoustic and elastic waves in the echo mode. This
type of scan allows one to get in any direction the transit time of the reflected echo signal and its
amplitude. Such data form the basis of the method of reconstruction of obstacles with a complex
shape. Often, in UNT, to detect defects in structural elements, separately combined sensors are usedthat operate on longitudinal waves both in contact mode with the surface of the defect and ininstallations that implement the immersion monitoring method. Such sensors usually operate inecho mode. However, the existence of two types of waves in an elastic medium and their possible
transformation on the boundary surface of an obstacle located in an elastic medium require
substantiation of the models used in UNT. This is of particular relevance in the inverse problems of
UNT. To excite acoustic waves in an elastic medium with possible defects, we will use atemporarily finite impulse. We suppose that the tonal filling of the pulse contains enoughwavelengths (for example, 6 – 10 waves) of harmonic oscillations. This allows us to consider the
problem in the approximation of a model of steady-state oscillations of an elastic medium.
Moreover, we suppose that the defect is located at a sufficient distance from the oscillation source,which makes it possible to use the far field approximation at high vibration frequencies in thecalculations of the waves incident and reflected from the defect surface. An ultrasonic longitudinalplane wave introduced into the elastic material interacts with the obstacle surface, is scattered on it,
and the sensor detects the backward wave that came from the defect. If the scattering surface issmooth, then the first pulse received will be reflected from the vicinity of the surface point, thenormal in which is parallel to the direction of propagation of the high frequency radiatedlongitudinal wave. By replacing plane wave introduced into the material with the superposition ofpoint sources of spherical waves, each of which is caused by a concentrated force that varies in time
according to a harmonic law, the original problem is reduced to studying the problem in a local
setting. The study of the local problem is based on the physical theory of Kirchhoff diffraction. In
the framework of the GTD for reflected longitudinal and transverse waves from obstacle surfaces
in two-dimensional and spatial cases, it is shown that the main term of the reflected incoming wave
will be determined by the longitudinal wave.

Power Processing Equipment of Oil Refineries
VA. Brazhnikov, D. D. Fugarov*, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
One of the most important elements of the general modernization of oil and gas industry is thereplacement of obsolete converters and motor drives for automation systems for in-field oilcollection, treatment, transportation and refining [1]. Application of electric converters in industry,on transport and in life constantly extends [2]. Now already more than 60% of all electric energy
developed in the world are consumed by electric motors [3]. Therefore, the efficiency of energy
saving technologies is defined considerably by efficiency of converters of electric drives [4].
Development of high-performance, compact and economical power converters is the priority
direction of the development of modern equipment. Growth of extent of integration in the63microprocessor equipment and transition from microprocessors to microcontrollers with a built-in
set of specialized peripheral devices, made irreversible a trend of mass replacement of analog
control systems of drives by the systems of direct digital control [5].
References[1] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[2] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[3] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[4] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[5] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.

Failure Risk Analysis of Centralized Domestic Wastewater Management
System in Buleleng District (With Failure Mode Effect Analysis Method)
Budi Witjaksana*, Sri Astutik, Wateno Oetomo, Romadhon
Civil Engineering Department, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia*budiwitjaksana@untag-sby.ac.id
Domestic wastewater is waste that comes from the activities of everyday human life related to water
usage. Disposal of domestic wastewater without a treatment process will result in pollution of thesources of raw water for drinking water, both surface water (river, lake, or territory) andgroundwater. Wastewater management consists of treating on-site wastewater on an individual
basis by providing wastewater treatment tanks or septic tanks and off-site sewage systems carriedout collectively or communally through sewerage collection channels and then processed in
Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). Some obstacles in the centralized management of domestic
wastewater systems, among others, are caused by the legislation that does not yet support, the lackof community participation, high cost in financial factors, and also weak technology aspects. The
construction of the WWTP unit uses a large number of funds, so it is unfortunate if it cannot beutilized according to its function. To avoid all types of failures related to the non-operation of
WWTP, failure analysis can be done. This analysis is expected to be an effort to support thefunctioning of the Central Domestic Wastewater Management System sustainably. The risk
modeling that can be used is Fishbone Analysis and Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA). Failure
Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) is a powerful method for identifying risks. FMEA is implemented
to identify potential forms of failure, determine their impact on production, and define theoperations to reduce failure. The results of failure risk analysis using Fishbone Analysis and FMEA
obtained 19 risks and the highest priority failure risks for the sustainability of the Centralized64

Domestic Waste Management System, namely: (i) maintenance of WWTP buildings, (ii) HR
capacity, (iii) payment of contributions and subsidies for regional government funding. To
minimize failures in the Central Domestic Wastewater Management System, it is necessary to (i)make the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for main building maintenance (IPAL), (ii)periodically clean and maintain the WWTP building, (iii) participate in the system management
training Centralized Domestic Waste Water Management and (iv) evaluate financial aspects in thecontext of operational efficiency and maintenance of Centralized Domestic Waste Water
Management Systems.

Effect of High-Voltage Nanosecond Pulses Treatment on the Surface
Properties and Floatability of Pentlandite and Pyrrhotite
I. Zh. Bunin*, I.A. Khabarova
Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of Sciences(IPKON RAS), Moscow, Russia*bunin_i@mail.ru
In recent years, the various kinds of power influences on minerals, mineral suspensions and water,such as electrochemical, microwave treatment, electro-pulse, magnetic-pulse processing, the effectby accelerated electrons flow, high-power nanosecond electromagnetic pulses are used in order toimprove the selective disintegration of mineral complexes and to increase contrast between
technological properties of mineral raw material [1, 2]. The study of processing mechanisms by theconcentrated energy flows and electromagnetic pulse fields of high intensity on mechanical,
structural, chemical and technological properties of geomaterials with the aim of their application
for the directed change of their chemical and phase surface composition is a major scientific andtechnological problem [2]. According to the modern experimental data [3, 4], the research into theapplication of microwave irradiation in the comminution and flotation of ores has made great
progress. Microwave irradiation promotes the oxidation of sulfide minerals during exposure, andthe extent of the oxidation is an important factor in the flotation of microwave-treated sulfides [2 –4]. Microwave irradiation (ttreat = 5, 10 and 20 s) led to the decrease in the floatability of chalcopyrite
and pyrrhotite in the presence of xanthate, at the pH values equal to 4, 7 and 10, whereas no
significant change was observed for pentlandite. The results presented by the works [4] indicate
potential conditions to achieve selectivity between the microwave-pretreated chalcopyrite,
pentlandite and pyrrhotite. In our study, we present the main experiment results on the nonthermal
effect of high-power (high-voltage) nanosecond pulses (HPEMP) on the chemical surface
composition and flotation properties of pyrrhotite and pentlandite. It should be noted that, for themineral samples pulse processing, we used the special mode of the nanosecond repetitively pulsed
discharges in air at atmospheric pressure, namely the spark regime. In the result of mademicroscopic and spectroscopic researches the relationship between the chemical composition of
surface micro- and nanophases with the electrochemical, sorption and flotation properties ofpyrrhotite and pentlandite under the influence of HPEMP has been established. Using scanningelectron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, chemical analysis of the liquid phase, the stage of65

sequential oxidation of the surface of pyrrhotite together with the formation of oxides (hydroxides)and divalent and ferric sulfates under pulsed spark discharges in air were established. Whereas theformation of elemental sulfur on pentlandite was observed. This effect provides the contrast ofelectrochemical, sorption and flotation properties of pyrrhotite and pentlandite. HPEMP caused a
different change in the electrode potential of minerals: an increase in the negative value of theelectrode potential of pyrrhotite and an increase in the positive value of the pentlandite potential.
The shift of the pentlandite electrode potential to the region of more positive values increased theanionic collector adsorption and the hydrophobization of the mineral surface. The transition of thepyrrhotite potential to the region of negative values prevented the xanthate adsorption and decreased
the mineral floatability. For monomineral flotation of pyrrhotite and pentlandite, we established the
optimal mode of preliminary electromagnetic pulsed processing of minerals (ttreat = 10 s, Nimp = 103),
at which the contrast of their flotation properties increases in the mean on 20%.
References[1] Chanturiya V.A. // Gornyi Zhurnal (Mining J.), 11 (2017).
[2] Bunin I.Zh., Ryazantseva M.V., Samusev A.L., Khabarova I.A. // Mining J., 11 (2017).
[3] Batchelor A.R., Jones D.A., Plint S., Kingman S.W. // Minerals Engineering. 94 (2016).
[4] Silva G.R., Waters K.E. // Advanced Power Technology, 29 (2018).

Influence of Technogenic Raw Materials on the Physical and Mechanical
Properties of Ceramic Products
N.I. Buravchuk1*, O.V. Guryanova1**, E. P. Putri2
1I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences Institute, Southern Federal

University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,

Indonesia*burav44@mail.ru, **guryanovaolga@mail.ru
Ceramic goods are among the most ancient building materials. Due to the fire resistance and highdurability of bricks and ceramic stones, the walls of buildings and structures made of them haveadvantages over walls made of wood, concrete, cinder blocks and other materials. The use of
durable and expressive ceramic finishing materials improves the architectural appearance ofbuildings and reduces their operating costs. Recently, the rate of civil and industrial building, has
noticeably increased and the need in bricks has increased. The goods with high consumer properties
at a relatively low cost can win the competition for markets. It is possible to solve these two
problems: to improve the quality and reduce the cost of production of building bricks. It is possible
through the use of waste from the extraction and combustion of coal-mine rocks and ash-slag waste.
Most of the waste of ash-slag and mine dumps by the amount of mineral raw materials containedin them, by the composition and properties of the stored rocks, are technogenic deposits, and the
man-made masses (ash-slag and rocks) accumulated in the dumps are similar in properties to naturalmineral raw materials used in the ceramic industry. The use of coal waste as a technological additive
makes it possible to improve the technological properties of the charge based on local clay raw
66

materials, to correct the physical and mechanical properties of ceramic wall materials, to replacesome of the clay raw materials, and to solve some environmental aspects of environmental
protection. Deposits of clays suitable for the production of wall building ceramics are limited andare depleted every year. In most regions, low-quality loamy raw materials are used for brickproduction, from which it is difficult to obtain wall ceramic products with increased strength andfrost resistance. Scientific research and the experience of enterprises show that it is possible tocorrect the physical and mechanical properties of ceramic goods by introducing coal waste and ashslag mixtures similar in chemical composition to the clay raw materials into the raw charge [1 – 4].
The specific features of ash-slag waste and mine rocks are the proximity of the material composition
to clay raw materials, dispersion, the presence of residual carbon and low-melting oxides, which
can be used in the firing process. It creates the preconditions for the widespread use of these wastes
in the manufacture of ceramic wall materials. Large-scale use of carbon waste is restrained mainly
due to the low organization of supplies to consumers of this raw material that meets therequirements for granularity, humidity, lack of technical conditions for their use, taking into accountthe chemical composition, and heterogeneity. To use ash-slag waste and burnt rocks in thetechnology of ceramic bricks, technological samples of technogenic and clay raw materials weretaken, a comprehensive assessment of the quality of technogenic raw materials was carried out.
Studies were carried out on the effect of additives of burnt rocks, ash-slag waste on the technologicaland physical-mechanical properties of ceramic masses for wall, roofing materials, refractories,
facade tiles and artistic ceramics. Physical, mechanical and technological tests were carried out at
the enterprises of building ceramics in the Rostov region. Ash-slag mixture is a product of coal
combustion in boiler furnaces at temperatures above 1000 °C, up to 1700 °C. The ash-slag mixture
contains up to 30% fly ash with a specific surface area of 300 – 350 m2/kg. A glass phase is present
in the ash-slag mixture. When coal is mined, associated rocks are stored on the surface in dumps.
In the result of long-term self-burning of rocks in ovals at temperatures above 1000 °C, burnt rocks
are formed. Burned rocks and ash-slag mixtures are inherently non-plastic materials. In thecomposition of the raw material charge for ceramic goods, ash-slag mixture and burnt rocks play
the role of a lean additive, flux, microfiller, improve the granulometric composition of the charge,
reduce the sensitivity of clay raw materials to drying, and increase the sintering capacity of thecharge. The presence of spherical particles in the grain composition of the ash-slag mixture createsa plasticizing effect that improves the formation of goods. Burned rocks and ash-slag mixturescontain metakaolinite, reactive modifications of silica, alumina, iron oxides that have arisen in theprocess of firing in dumps or boiler furnaces. The presence of these active components contributes
to the formation of strong contacts, the formation of a spatial structural framework of thecomposition during drying, which turns into a homogeneous structure of a ceramic shard during
firing. Pilot tests of the existing developments were carried out at the factories of the constructionindustry of the Rostov region. Burnt rocks of the mine dump and ash-slag mixture are subjected tocrushing, grinding and fractionation. The moisture content of lean additives is 2-3%. The content
of burnt rocks in ceramic masses is from 15 to 35%, ash-slag mixture is from 15 to 40%. The
molding moisture content of the charge decreases and for semi-dry pressing is 7 – 9%, for plastic,
it is 18 – 22%. The firing temperature of goods is in the range of 970 – 1100 °C. Structural andmechanical properties of ceramic goods begin to form in the process of compaction of the raw mix
and are fixed during drying and firing. The dispersed-reinforcing component is quartz grains thatform the quartz strengthening skeleton of the composition. The source of quartz grains is burnt
rocks and ash-slag mixture. Clay is a technological binder at the stage of formation of coagulation67

structures during pressing and condensation-crystallization ceramic shards during firing. The
introduction of complex additives to clay intensifies the sintering process of the charge due to theappearance of low-melting eutectics and an increase in the glassy phase. The selected compositionof lean additives helps to reduce volumetric changes in the composition and the stability of theforming structure of the composition at all stages of the technological process. The greatest
indicators of strength, frost resistance of a ceramic shard is associated with the presence of mullite,
anorthite. wollastonite. These minerals are present in burnt rocks and ash-slag materials and areformed during the firing of the components of the ceramic mass. In addition, wollastonite, which ispresent in the non-plastic starting materials of the mixture and formed during firing, reduces
volumetric changes, internal stresses and shrinkage of the ceramic shard. In the result of the joint
manifestation of the properties of the charge components during molding, drying and firing, thestructure of a ceramic shard of high strength and frost resistance is formed. Strength grade can reach"600" in frost resistance, namely not less than 300 cycles of alternate freezing and thawing. Ceramic
products have a sintered ceramic shard of a homogeneous structure (Fig. 1). Quartz, anorthite,mullite, wollastonite were identified from the crystalline phases in the ceramic structure. The
increased amount of glass phase and the absence of feldspars in the form of crystalline phases allows
us to conclude that the formation of the ceramic shard is completed. There are no signs ofdeformations, cracks, or burn marks in the goods. The products have an even color with various
shades, a clear shape, and an expressive architectural appeal (Fig. 2). With the appearance in the
Rostov region on some waste heaps and ash dumps of crushing and sorting complexes for theprocessing and preparation of conditioned raw materials from burnt rocks and ash-slag mixture, theconstruction industry enterprises have a real opportunity to improve using technogenic waste in the
production of building ceramics, refractories, tiles, facing tiles and decorative ceramics.

(a)(b)
Fig. 1. Microstructure of a ceramic sample, containing burnt rocks:(a) magnification - 5,000; resolution - 10 µm; (b) magnification - 10,000; resolution - 5 µm

68

Fig. 2. Samples of ceramic products made in the ceramic workshops of building materials
factories
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Abdrakhimova E.S. // Coal. 7, 6769, 2019 (In Russian).
[2] Fedorova N.V., Shaforost D.A. // Teploenergetika. 1, 5358, 2015 (In Russian).
[3] Abdrakhimov V.Z., Shevando V.V., Abdrakhimov A.V. et al. // News of Universities. Building.
7, 20  25, 2008 (In Russian).
[4] Buravchuk N.I. Resource Saving in Building Materials Technology. Rostov-on-Don: Southern
Federal University Press, 2009 (In Russian).

Technological Aspects of Obtaining Disperse-grained
Composites Based on Solid Combustible Carbon-Containing Waste
N.I. Buravchuk1*, O.V. Guryanova1**, E. P. Putri2
1I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences Institute, Southern Federal
2

University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,
Indonesia*burav44@mail.ru, **guryanovaolga@mail.ru

The coal industry occupies one of the leading places in the mineral-industrial complex of Russia
and is an intensive source of technogenic impact on the environment. Coal regions, due to their69

specific socio-economic development, experience significant technogenic pressures, as a result of
which intensive changes occur in all components of the environment. So, in the process of coalmining, during the enrichment, transportation, storage and transportation to the consumer, a large
amount of coal waste (anthracite mine, coke and coal fines, coal sludges) is generated. Unused coalmining wastes are dumped. Significant areas of land suitable for agriculture are allocated for suchdumps having the status of technogenic deposits [1, 2]. Dumps occupy about 20% of the area of all
disturbed lands and, in addition, pollute the environment with greenhouse gases, toxic and harmful
substances, soil and water with harmful ingredients. Long-term storage of significant volumes offine-grained and finely dispersed fines in the open air leads to its ingress with flood and storm
waters into the basins of nearby rivers. At the same time, the study of such qualitative characteristics
of carbon-containing materials as: ash, sulfur content, calorific value, yield of volatile substances,made it possible to establish their prospects for use after proper processing as a full-fledged
household fuel. Stocks of such waste having a certain energy potential are large. One of the major
consumers of solid fuels is layered furnace devices for industrial energy and public utilities. For
these purposes, ordinary, fine-grained or low-grade coals with a high yield of volatile substances
are used that emit a lot of smoke, soot, and dust when burning. The use of such coals does not
ensure the completeness of fuel combustion and, accordingly, the high thermal performance ofpower plants. The fuel, used in power plants, is subject to quality requirements in the direction of
reducing environmental pollution by coal dust, harmful oxides of sulfur, nitrogen, etc. This isespecially true for coal intended for burning in domestic stoves, small boiler houses and other small
power plants, where there is no centralized system for collecting harmful emissions. It is almost
impossible to control the quality of emissions of such power plants. Consumers in the household
sector need fuel. Demand for high-quality coal will increase. Given the current tendency to reduce
the production of high-quality coals for domestic needs, there is a need for additional types of solid
fuel. Meanwhile, the reserves of coal fine-grained materials are huge. However, their use is difficult,and often almost impossible because of the complexity of transportation, dusting, incomplete
combustion. Under these conditions, it is necessary to look for opportunities for the rational use oftechnological trifles and low-grade coals and other energy-bearing waste, to create technologies
that replenish the reserves of conditioned fuel. It is possible to obtain a product with the necessary
properties from substandard, but having a certain energy potential, raw materials by applying
briquetting technology. If there is a raw material base for obtaining fuel briquettes, a technology isneeded that ensures environmentally efficient production of products with specified quality
indicators. The most justified technological direction, which can provide fuel with satisfactory
consumer characteristics, is briquetting of substandard carbon-containing waste with binders. Thisis a universal way to obtain briquettes from virtually any material. Fine-grained coals werebriquetted: anthracite cobs, coke, coal fines, coal sludges. The following materials were used ascoal raw materials for research:(i) anthracite fines (bayonet) are the screenings of anthracite and waste from coal processing plants,
fraction is 0-6 mm; carbon content in organic matter is 93.0–95.0% and density is 1.4‒1.8 g/cm3;(ii) coal fines are the screenings of coal and waste from coal processing plants; carbon content is76–90% and density is 1.2‒1.8 g/cm3;(iii) coal sludge is waste from coal preparation plants, fine grades of anthracite, bituminous coal,particle size is 0 1 mm.
(iv) coke breeze is coke screenings, contain 82–88 % of carbon, density is 1.4–1.95 g/cm3.
Technical characteristics of coal technogenic raw materials are given in Table 1.
70

Table. 1. Technical properties of coal technogenic raw materials
Quality indicators
Type of raw
Ash
Humidity,
Calorific ability,
material
content, %
%
MJ/kg
Culm
5.0‒33.0
9.0‒12.0
18.8‒28.2
Coal fines
14.6‒20.0
4.0‒12.8
12.4‒27.2
Coal sludge
26.0‒45.0
8.0‒28.0
14.9‒18.5
Coke breeze
10.0‒12.0
4.0‒16.0
15.2‒36.4

Volatiles output,%
3.0‒9.0
11.0‒43.5
5.0‒9.0
21.0‒28.0

Molasses, a by-product of sugar beet production, belonging to the group of disaccharides, was usedas the basis of the binder for briquetting carbonaceous raw materials. The chemical averaged
composition of molasses ash is given in Table. 2.
Table. 2. Chemical composition of molasses, weight. %
K2O
Na2O
CaO
MgO
Al2O3
76.4
11.2
3.5
0,5
3.7

SO3
0.2

Other oxides
4.5

Briquetting technology is developed in laboratory under semi-factory conditions [35].
Experimental batches of briquettes were manufactured at the IOTT production base in the city ofZhilevo, Moscow Region. Accredited laboratories carried out technical analysis and burning of fuelbriquettes (see, Table 3 and Fig. 1).
Table 3. Results of experimental combustion of experimental batches of fuel briquettes
WeightAsh
Mass
Weight of Weight of AmountЕруType ofof the content, fraction ofthetheof fuelamountfuelsample, Ad, % moisture in unburnt
unburnt
burnt,(remainder)kg
theresidue
residue%ofworkingfrom thefrom theunburnedfuel,
furnace,ashpit,fuel,
Wtr, %%%%
Briquettes

39.4

13.9

4.0

1.05

12.95

64.5

35.5

Coal grade
AM

41.1

9.0

3.2

1.5

8.7

75.2

24.8

The nature of the combustion of molasses briquettes and high-quality coal is almost identical. The
temperature resistance of briquettes is characterized as "very good", the briquettes do not crumble
during combustion, retain their shape, withstand mechanical stress, korzhes do not form,
combustion proceeds without smell, the ash residue does not sinter, and is dusty in structure. Bytechnical characteristics, briquettes satisfy consumer requirements. Briquette quality indicators are:mechanical abrasion resistance (89 – 91%), dropping strength (90 – 100%), compression (12 – 16MPa), ash content (6.5 – 19.7%), volatiles yield (3.3 – 9.0%), sulfur content (0.81 – 1.9%), water71

absorption (1.1 – 3.8%), calorific value of working fuel (24.60 – 28.78 MJ/kg). The preparedbriquettes can be used as fuel in fireplaces, stoves, boiler rooms or reprocessed in gas generators
into heat, into generator gas and then into electricity. The demand for solid fuel is growing steadily,
the fuel market is almost empty. The organization of production of conditioned briquetted fuelmakes it possible to at least partially reduce the growing coal deficit and, above all, for furnace
devices in the household sector and thermal units of industrial energy. Involvement of coal fines in
the heat balance will make it possible to obtain additional fuel and at the same time reduce the levelof environmental pollution.

Fig. 1. Samples of fuel briquettes made in laboratory and industrial conditions
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Trubetskoy K.N., Umanets V.N. // Mining Journal. 1, 1216, 1992 (In Russian).
[2] Trubetskoy K.N. Terpogosov Z.A. Shitarev V.G. // Mining Journal. 3, 4466, 1994 (InRussian).
[3] Buravchuk N.I., Guryanova O.V. // Chemistry of Solid Fuels. 4, 49–53, 2014 (In Russian).
[4] Buravchuk N.I., Guryanova O.V. A method of Manufacturing a Fuel Briquette (Options).
Russian Patent No. 2396306, 08.10.2010 (In Russian).
[5] Buravchuk N.I., Guryanova O.V. Composition for Obtaining a Fuel Briquette. Russian Patent
No. 2629365, 08.29.2017 (In Russian).

72

Mechanical Properties of Large-Scale Composite Structures According toProcess Conditions
Chang-Wook Park, Sung-Won Yoon*
Research Institute of Medium & Shipbuilding, 38-6 Noksan Industrial Complex-232 Ro, GangseoGu, Busan, Republic of Korea*swyoon@rims.re.kr
The purpose of this study is to determine the correct estimation of the concept design and laminating
pattern for composites. In this study, the effect of carbon tow prepreg on the composite structure
has been investigated. Also, this work evaluated the structural safety according to the laminating
pattern and process technique by computer simulation. The laminating pattern of three kinds was
designed through the normal shape. Also, process technique of two kinds were carried out in dry
and wet method to produce composites structure. The result of FEA showed that the structural safetyof carbon tow prepreg is not significantly superior to that of the shaft with wet method material.
However, considering the benefits of working environment and the reduction of the number ofprocess, the possibility of replacing materials and process technique will be sufficient for composite
structure.

Modeling the Contact Interaction of Spherical Hinge Joint in the Presence ofWear
M. I. Chebakov*, S. A. Danilchenko
South Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*michebakov@yandex.ru
Hinge joints are used to couple machine elements and mechanisms that are movable relative to eachother in sliding mode. Moreover, such compounds are used in biomechanics in the manufacture of
prostheses. Ball joints and tips exist in various designs, with different sliding surfaces for a specificapplication. So, for example, self-lubricating joints are actively used. They consist of an inner ringwith a convex spherical outer surface, which corresponds to an outer ring with a concave sphericalinner surface. The sliding surfaces of these joints have special coatings made of modern materials.
They have a low coefficient of friction and do not require periodic maintenance. These joints areused when a long period of operation of the hinge is required, or when operating conditions (forexample, no lubrication system) make the use of steel/steel hinges undesirable. Self-lubricating
hinges are fundamentally designed for use with increased loads and with a constant load direction.
In the present work, the contact problem of the wear of the joint is considered. To solve the set
problems, the finite element method and the ANSYS software package were used. As a model
describing the wear process, the Archard model was used. The wear of the contacting surfaces was73

calculated for various mechanical characteristics of the coatings, loading and rotation parameters.
The effect of various combinations of coatings on the wear rate under the same operating conditions
is investigated.
Acknowledgment
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

Contact Problems on the Interaction of Indenter and Poroelastic Base
M.I. Chebakov*, A.A. Poddubny, E.M. Kolosova
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*michebakov@yandex.ru
The Cowin-Nunziato theory of elastic materials with voids is one of the common generalizationsof the classical theory of elasticity. This theory concerns elastic materials with small pores (voids),
distributed throughout the volume. In the report, the axisymmetric contact problems on theinteraction of a hard stamp with the surface of a porous-elastic layered base are considered on thebasis of equations of the theory of porous-elastic bodies of Cowin-Nunziato. It is assumed, that thestamp base has a flat or parabolic shape, there is no friction in the contact zone. The posed problems
are reduced to an integral equation with a logarithmic kernel in relation to an unknown contact
stress using the Hankel integral transform. The solution of the constructed integral equation is
obtained by the asymptotic method and the direct collocation method. The scheme for obtaining asolution of the posed problem and its accuracy are tested on similar problems for an elastic halfspace and an elastic layer, the exact solution of which is well-known. In the collocation method, it
is enough to limit ourselves to 50 equations to obtain a solution with an error of 3%. The calculationsof contact stresses, displacements of the free surface outside the punch and the size of the contact
area for the case of a parabolic punch for some values of the problem parameters were carried out.
The size of the contact area was found by the method of successive approximations. The
relationship between the force, acting on the stamp, and its displacement was investigated. This
relationship is one of the main characteristics in determining the mechanical parameters of thematerial by the indentation method. The results of the finding contact stresses and free surface
displacements are presented in the form of graphs and tables for some values of the base porosity.
It is shown that with an increase in porosity at a constant value of the displacement of the stamp thecontact stresses and the value of the applied force decrease, and the surface outside the stamp has alarge drawdown, while the contact area decreases. A comparative analysis of the studied values forvarious values of the porosity parameters was carried out
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

74Effect of the Arsenic Molecular Form on the Indium Nanodroplet
Crystallization
N. E. Chernenko1,2*, S.V. Balakirev2, M. M. Eremenko1, M. S. Solodovnik1,2
1Southern Federal University, Research and Education Center “Nanotechnologies”,

Taganrog, Russia
Southern Federal University, Department of Nanotechnologies and Microsystems,
Taganrog, Russia

2*nchernenko@sfedu.ru
Droplet epitaxy is currently one of the most interesting methods of molecular beam epitaxy due toits capabilities in the formation of semiconductor and hybrid nanostructures of various types andshapes in a wide range of conditions and material systems. At the same time, despite a number ofadvantages, the use of this technology is still very limited due to its complexity and a huge numberof control parameters [1]. The goal of this work is to experimentally study the effect of the arsenic
molecular form on the crystallization of indium nanodroplet structures and their transformation into
InAs nanostructures during droplet epitaxy. For this purpose, we exposed GaAs samples withpreformed arrays of In-nanodroplets under identical conditions in equivalent As-fluxes at two
different cracking zone temperatures of the valve source, providing As-supply in the form of dimers(As2) or tetramers (As4). We present a comparative analysis of the obtained experimental data,
which show that the use of tetramers makes it possible to obtain ensembles of crystalline InAs
nanostructures that correlate in their morphological parameters (size, density, shape of elementary
structures) with arrays of indium metal nanodroplets. This is true over the entire range of consideredtemperatures (100 – 300℃) and equivalent thicknesses of indium deposition (1.5 – 3.0 monolayers).
The use of a flux of arsenic dimers leads to the formation of structures with a diameter of 20 –50 nm in the entire range of considered conditions. At the same time, the correlation between theparameters of the ensemble of metal nanodroplets and the final crystal structures is practically nottraced either in density or in size. Thus, we obtained that the arsenic molecular form is criticallyimportant in the droplet epitaxy of A3B5 nanostructures.
Acknowledgement.
The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 1979-10099) and grant from the President of the Russian Federation (project МК-477.2019.8). The results
were obtained using the equipment of the Research and Education Centre "Nanotechnologies" ofSouthern Federal University.
Reference[1] Balakirev S.V. et. al. // Nanotechnology, 31, 485604, 2020.

75

Modeling a Rotary Drive of a Piezoelectric Generator
A.V. Cherpakov1,2*, A.N. Soloviev1,2, I.A. Parinov1, V.A. Chebanenko1,
E. V. Rozhkov1, S.-H. Chang3, C.-C. Yang3
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3

2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*alex837@yandex.ru

The problem of full-scale modeling of a rotary drive of a piezoelectric power generator (PEG) is
considered. A feature of the PEG is that it uses two types of piezoelectric elements: piezoelectricelements in the form of a bimorph under bending load and piezoelectric cylindric elements forpressure loading. The mechanical drive wheel with a diameter of 67 cm acts as an excitation element,
bending the generator substrate with a magnet (see Fig. 1).

Fig. 1. Vibration set-up for PEG excitation. 1 – retainer; 2 – PEG; 3 – induction sensor; 4 – magnet;
5 – fastening elements of the RF603 laser sensor (6); 6 – laser triangulation displacement meter RF603; 7 –rotating drive; 8 – drive base elements (7)The set-up consists of a drive wheel with a C25 type magnet attached to it; the diameter of themagnet is 25 mm. The drive is mounted on a base rod structure on a bearing support. The PEG issecured in a retainer. The laser displacement meter records the oscillations of the PEG cantilever inthe vicinity of the extreme point of the bimorph fixing. The drive wheel is made of 12 mm plywood.
Inductance sensors located on both sides of the end of the PEG allow recording the transit time of
the magnet. The operation of the set-up was carried out as follows. During the rotation of the drive
wheel (7), the oscillations and output characteristics of the PEG were investigated (1). There was a
fixed magnet (4) on the drive wheel. When the wheels rotated, the magnet excited an electric76potential when passing by two induction sensors (3, 4) located before and after the PEG proof mass.
Thus, the excitation time of the first and second induction sensors was recorded and the averagerotation speed was calculated. When the magnet passed over the PEG proof mass (1), the metal
mass was attracted to the magnet (5). After passing through the magnet (5), and thus removing theload in the form of attraction, PEG (1) continued to oscillate with a certain damping. The output
excitation voltage of the induction sensors and the PEG output voltages taken from the bimorph
and piezoelectric elements at the base of the PEG were recorded (1). The loading time wascalculated from the possible parameters of rotation of the drive wheel and ranged from 2.98 to 4.92
rad/s. The maximum power taken from the piezoelectric plates at an active load of 1 MΩ at an
output voltage of U1 = 3.095 V was 4.55 μW for a bimorph based on PEG. The peak power value
for the top piezocylinders is reached at a load of 1 MΩ with an output voltage of 0.47 V and is equal
to 0.109 μW. For the lower piezocylinders, the peak value is equal to 0.01 μW at a load of 1 MΩand an output voltage of 0.04 V. This loading did not take place at resonant modes of PEG
oscillations. In the future, it makes sense to investigate the resonance modes of excitation by arotating PEG drive.
Acknowledgement
The study was performed under partial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No.
19-08-00365).
References[1] T.V. Polyakova, A.V. Cherpakov, I.A. Parinov, M.N. Grigoryan // IOP Conference Series:
Material Science Engineering, 913, 022014 (10 p.), 2020.
[2] A.N. Soloviev, I.A. Parinov, A.V. Cherpakov, V.A. Chebanenko. In: Abstract Collection of The
Second International Conference on Material, Machines and Methods for Sustainable

Application of Neural Network Technologies for Identifying Defect Sizes in a
Half-plane
A.V. Cherpakov1,2*, A.N. Soloviev1,2, I.A. Parinov1, O.V. Shilyaeva2, S.-H. Chang3,
C.-F. Lin4
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
4Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*alex837@yandex.ru
The work is devoted to solving one of the most important and practically significant problems in
the field of solid mechanics, namely the restoration of data on the parameters of structures byperforming numerical experiment calculations of building structures with defects using CAE
modeling packages [1, 2]. Data analysis was carried out by the authors using artificial neuralnetworks. In the development of various devices and structures in world practice in recent years,
77methods of mathematical modeling and finite element technologies, presented in the form ofsoftware packages, have been increasingly used. The use of such packages makes it easy to optimize
structural models, reduce calculation time, and quickly change and analyze design parameters. The
relevance of the chosen research topic is due to the creation of optimal algorithms for researching
the state of structures, a quick assessment of the state and reliability of materials. Using the methodsof finite-element analysis and the ANSYS software package, in this work, the modeling of a layered
structure with a defect is implemented. The problem of reconstructing the radius of a defect basedon the application of simulation modeling of oscillations in the ANSYS finite element complex andartificial neural network (ANN) in the MATLAB complex is considered. The results of unsteady
oscillations of a half-plane with a circular internal defect are obtained and presented. The transverse
displacements are calculated at the control points of the structure during the propagation of a wave
from a pulsed loading. As a result, an approach was developed to restore the radius of a defect in a
structure based on a combination of the finite element method and ANN.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Solov'ev A.N., Cherpakov A.V., Vasil’ev P.V., Parinov I.A., Kirillova E.V. // Advanced
Engineering Research. 20(3), 205-215, 2020.
[2] A. V. Cherpakov, P. V. Vasiliev, A. N. Soloviev, I. A. Parinov, B. V. Sobol. In: Advanced
Materials - Proceedings of the International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New
Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Springer Proceedings in Materials, Ivan A.
Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Banh Tien Long (Eds.). Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland, 6, 439447, 2020.

Using Neural Networks to Analyze the Shape of a Defect in a Layered
Structure during Its Modeling
A.V. Cherpakov1,2*, A.N. Soloviev1,2, I.A. Parinov1, O.V. Shilyaeva2, S.-H. Chang3,
C.-F. Lin4
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.); 4Department of Electrical Engineering, National
Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*alex837@yandex.ru
The methods for solving the problems of restoring the parameters of a layered structure gave beenpresent in [1, 2]. They use analytical and numerical solutions based on the formulation of inverse
problems. To solve the problem of restoring properties, an information about the wave parametersof a certain area of the structure is required. The time parameter of the vibrational response of thestructure should cover the areas requiring restoration of the parameters. The application of artificial
78

neural networks (ANNs) is considered as an analysis tool. In many works, some solutions to the
problems of reconstruction of the damaged state of structural elements are considered. Modeling ofa layered structure (with a width of 10 m and a depth of 7 m) with a defect was carried out in the
FE complex ANSYS. The defect is located at a depth of 1.5 m from the surface and at a distance offrom the point of loading in the form of a shock pulse. The displacement field of a flat structure is
calculated in the result of a short-term impulse action. The shape of the defect area is considered as
the variable parameter under study. The shape of the defect area can be in the form of the following
configurations: (i) a circle of radius R, (ii) an ellipse-like structure R1-R2, (iii) a rectangular structure
h-l, (iv) a triangular structure h-l1-l2. Thus, 4 clusters of defective areas are modeled. The magnitudeof the variation of the corresponding dimensional parameters lies in the range Ri = 0 – 0.5 m. To
identify the layer thickness, we used a fully connected multilayer ANN model in the Matlab
software. The neural network model, containing 10 hidden layers, consisted of 43 input neurons
and 1 output neuron. The calculation results showed that at the use of ANN, it is possible toreconstruct the configuration of the defect region with a sufficiently high degree of correlation(0.99).
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Solov'ev A.N., Cherpakov A.V., Vasil’ev P.V., Parinov I.A., Kirillova E.V. // Advanced
Engineering Research. 20(3), 205-215, 2020.
[2] Alexander A. Lyapin, Ivan A. Parinov, Nina I. Buravchuk, Alexander V. Cherpakov, Ol’ga V.
Shilyaeva, Ol’ga V. Guryanova. Improving Road Pavement Characteristics - Applications ofIndustrial Waste and Finite Element Modelling. Series: Innovation and Discovery in Russian
Science and Engineering. Springer Cham, Switzerland, 2020, 238 p.

Correlation between Calcaneal Quantitative Ultrasound and Dual-energy
X-ray Absorptiometry Bone Density
Chia-Chi Yen1,2,3, Wei-Chun Lin 1*, Zi-Hao Wang 1, Guan-Fan Chen 1, Da-Ying Chou 1,
Dian-Min Lin 1, Shu-Yuan Lin 1, Min-He Zhan 1, Tsair-Fwu Lee4,5**
1Department of Orthopedic, Kaohsiung Municipal Min-Sheng Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University, Taichung,Taiwan3Department of Business Management, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
4Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung5

University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan
PhD program in Biomedical Engineering, Kaohsiung Medical University,
Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan*patrdrwc@gmail.com; **tflee@nkust.edu.tw; tflee@kuas.edu.tw

Calcaneal quantitative ultrasonography (QUS) is useful prescreening tool for osteoporosis but there
still exists discrepancy between the QUS and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In this79

study, the correlation between QUS and DXA in Taiwanese population is evaluated. Totally 772
patients were enrolled, demographic data was recorded with QUS and DXA T-score over hip andspine. Correlation coefficient of QUS with DXA-hip is 0.171 (p < 0.001). Correlation coefficientof QUS with DXA-spine is 0.135 (p < 0.001). In females, the correlation between QUS and DXAspine is 0.237 (p < 0.001). For males, the correlation coefficient is 0.255 (p < 0.001). Logistic
regression model using DXA-spine as dependent variable was established, and classification tablehas 66.2% accuracy. ROC analysis with Youden’s index revealed the optimal cut-off point of QUS
for predicting osteoporosis is 2.72. This study reveals a meaningful correlation between QUS andDXA in Taiwanese population. The potential for pre-screening osteoporosis with calcaneus QUS is
warranted.

Volt-ampere Type Relative Humidity Sensing Devices using Indium-Based
Sensing Film on a Porous Silicon Substrate
Chih Chin Yang*, Hung Yeh Lin
Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung city 81157, Taiwan, Republic of China*chchyang@nkust.edu.tw
The volt-ampere type respirator using a relative humidity (RH) sensing device with p-n
heterostructure has been proposed to apply the sensor in respiration voltammetry (RV)
measurement. The RV measurement was used in the concentration detection of breath samplingunder oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction. In this research, the RH sensing device was fabricatedon n-type silicon (n-Si) porous substrate with a native silicon dioxide (native-SiO2) layer, so called
native-SiO2/n-Si porous substrate. The RH sensing device was constructed with a p-n
heterostructure. An n-type indium oxide (n-In2O3) sensing film was deposited by sputtering an
indium metal target with 99.99% purity and 4-in diameter under optimized growth conditions atroom temperatures. A p-n heterostructure by deposited the n-type indium oxide (n-In2O3) sensing
film on p-type silicon (p-Si) buffer layer was fabricated as shown in Fig. 1. The p-type silicon (pSi) buffer layer on the n-type silicon (n-Si) porous substrate was also deposited at room temperature.
Subsequently, the top electrical contact was made on the surface of the n-type indium oxide (nIn2O3) sensing film by depositing an aluminum metal circular dot and interdigit pattern using
sputtering method respectively as the electrodes of aluminum drain-source (Al-DS) electrode andaluminum gate (AG) electrode. The electrical properties of n-type indium oxide (n-In2O3) sensing
film and p-type silicon (p-Si) buffer layer were simultaneously evidenced by Hall measurement,
which design constructed the volt-ampere type RH sensing device with a p-n heterostructure.
However, to obtain well-defined sensing performance, the current-voltage (I-V) curve of RH
sensing device with a p-n heterostructure was measured using D-S terminals structure. The currentvoltage (I-V) curves of volt-ampere type RH sensing device with a p-n heterostructure in D-S
terminals structure related in various RH values were obtained which revealed the low output
current value with mA-scale when the RH value was high at the same negative-bias-voltages (from‒5 V to 0 V). However, when the bias voltages were operated at positive values (from 0 V to 5 V),80the output current value of volt-ampere type RH sensing device was as high as μA-scale at high RH
value. The different volt-ampere phenomena at different bias directions could be applied in different
measured environments.

Fig.1. Scheme and measurement of n-In2O3/p-Si RH sensing device on
native-SiO2/n-Si porous substrate

Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for the financial
support under contract number of MOST 109-2813-C-992-019-E and the National Kaohsiung
University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for the financial support under contract number of
NKUST 109A13.

Respiration Sensing Devices Based on Indium Nitride p-n Heterostructure on
Silicon Porous Substrate
Chih Chin Yang1, Yu Liang Hsiao*1, Zong Hsien Wu1, Yu Hsuan Hsu1,
Ivan A. Parinov 2, Shun Hsyung Chang1
1Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung City, 81157, Taiwan, Republic of China
2I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal

University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia*C107187111@nkust.edu.tw
The voltam-type respirator using a relative humidity (RH) sensing device with p-n heterostructure
on n-type silicon (n-Si) porous substrate was proposed in this research. The p-n heterostructure ofsemiconductor sensing device was constructed using layer by layer sputtering deposition method
on an n-type silicon substrate with native silicon dioxide (native-SiO2) layer on substrate surface.
The p-n heterostructure includes p-type indium nitride (p-InN) sensing film and n-type silicon (nSi) buffer layer, in which the n-Si buffer layer was deposited on native-SiO2/n-Si porous substrate.
81Moreover, the aluminum drain-source (Al-DS) electrode and Al gate back (Al-GB) electrode wererespectively settled on the surfaces of p-InN sensing film and n-Si buffer layer, as shown in Fig.1.

Fig.1. Scheme and measurement of p-InN/n-Si RH sensing device on native-SiO2/n-Si porous substrate

In this study, the Al-DS and Al-GB electrodes, p-InN sensing film, and n-Si buffer layer werelayered on a substrate using DC sputtering system and the semiconductor sensing device wasfabricated using lift-off technique by a metal mask. Afterward, the electrical properties of p-InN
sensing film and n-Si buffer layer including carrier concentration, carrier mobility, carrier type, andresistivity values at room temperature was examined using Hall measurement instrument. However,the RH sensing characteristic of RH sensing device including responsitivity and current-voltage (IV) curves at various RH values was measured using a home-made RH environment measurement
system by integrating a current-voltage meter and a computer system. Then, the sensitivity of the
RH sensing device was evaluated using calculated resistance values from I-V curves at various RH
values [1, 2]. Finally, the respiration response was also detected using the home-made RH
environment measurement system including a current-voltage meter and a data acquirement system.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for the financial
support under Contract No. MOST 105-2923-E-992-302-MY3.
References[1] Maryam Gholizadeh Arashti, Mohammad Ali Sadeghzadeh // Vacuum, 93, 1-6, 2013.
[2] Timothy David Veal, Christopher F. McConville, William J. Schaff, Indium Nitride andRelated Alloys, CRC Press, 2017.

82

Capacitance Type p-InN/n-Si Heterostructure Sensing Devices on Silicon
Unpolished Substrate
Chih Chin Yang1, Zong Hsien Wu*1, Yu Liang Hsiao1, Yi Tseng Li1,
Shun Hsyung Chang1, Ivan A. Parinov2
1Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan, Republic of China
2Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal University,

Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia*C107187156@nkust.edu.tw
The capacitance type p-InN/n-Si heterostructure (p-InN/n-Si HS) relative humidity (RH) sensing
device with drain (D) and source (S) upper contact electrodes was proposed in this research. The pInN/n-Si HS RH sensor was fabricated on (100) n-silicon unpolished substrate with native silicon
dioxide (native-SiO2) using DC sputtering system and lift-off technique to deposit p-InN/n-Si HS
layer and construct D-S electrodes, respectively. Firstly, the first layer of p-InN/n-Si HS RH sensor
is defined as a buffer layer which a n-type silicon layer was deposited on the unpolished nativeSiO2 using DC sputtering system kept with the growth pressure of 10‒4 torr, DC power of 100 W,
applied voltage of 800 V, and applied current of 2 A at the growth temperature (so called substratetemperature) of room temperature for 10 minutes. Moreover, the flow rate of argon gas into thegrowth chamber was maintained at 10 sccm using the mass flow controllers to sputtering the silicontarget. Afterward, the second layer of p-InN/n-Si HS RH sensor was deposited on the n-type silicon
buffer layer as a sensing layer defined by a p-type InN sensing film to detect the moisture inenvironment measurement chamber. The sputtering conditions of p-type InN sensing film in DC
sputtering system were the same as those of n-type silicon buffer layer including the growth pressure,
DC power, applied voltage, applied current, growth temperature, and growth time. However, while
fabricating the p-type InN sensing film, the flow rates of argon gas and nitrogen gas continuously
flowed into the growth chamber were identically maintained at 10 sccm to sputter the indium target
and to adsorb the sputtered indium ions from indium target in sputtering chamber. The growth ofthe p-type InN sensing film onto n-type silicon buffer layer constructs a p-InN/n-Si HS which canbe applied in RH sensor for the enhancement of the sensitivity and responsitivity. Finally, twoaluminum contact electrodes including D-electrode and S-electrode were deposited onto p-type InN
sensing film using a specific metal mask to fabricate a capacitance type RH sensor, as shown in
Fig.1. In this capacitance type RH sensor, the p-type InN sensing film was simultaneously served
as a sensing layer of the RH sensor, a channel of the FET structure, and a dielectric material of thecapacitor. In summary, the capacitor structure of the capacitance type p-InN/n-Si heterostructure(p-InN/n-Si HS) relative humidity (RH) sensing device was constructed including a drain (D) andsource (S) upper contact electrodes, and a p-type InN sensing dielectric material which thepermittivity could be significantly altered as the water molecules were adsorbed onto the surface ofthe p-type InN sensing film, as shown in Fig. 2. Therefore, not only the p-InN/n-Si HS is a criticaldevice of RH sensor which can be applied in environment monitoring, but also the p-InN/n-Si HS
can be used as a key element of the respirometer which can be applied in breath detection of humanbody [1, 2].
83

Fig. 1. D-S electrode measurement of capacitance type p-InN/n-Si HS RH sensor on
n-type silicon unpolished substrate with porous native silicon dioxideFig. 2. Equivalent circuit scheme of capacitance type p-InN/n-Si HS RH sensor

Acknowledgment
The authors would like to thank the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, for the financial
support under Contract No. MOST 105-2923-E-992 -302 -MY3.
References[1] Maryam Gholizadeh Arashti, Mohammad Ali Sadeghzadeh // Vacuum, 93, 1-6, 2013.
[2] Timothy David Veal, Christopher F. McConville, William J. Schaff, Indium Nitride and Related
Alloys, CRC Press, 2017.

84

Space Time Block Code Based FBMC Advanced Underwater Image
Communication Technology
Chin-Feng Lin1*, Chih-Chin Chuang1, Shun-Hsyung Chang2, Ivan A. Parinov3,
Sergey Shevtsov4
1Deaprtment of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan, ROC
Deaprtment of Microelectronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Taiwan, Kaohsiung, ROC
3I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics, and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal
University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
4Head of Aircraft Systems and Technologies Laboratory, South Center of the Russian Academy of
Science, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2*lcf1024@mail.ntou.edu.tw
In the report, a 2  4 space time block code (STBC) based filter bank multicarrier (FBMC)- low
density parity check (LDPC) code underwater image communication technology (UICT) is
proposed. The adaptive binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation and four offset quadratureamplitude modulation (4-OQAM), are integrated into the proposed UICT. The performances of bit
error rates (BERs) and peak signal-to-noise ratios (PSNRs) of the proposed UICT with perfectchannel estimation (PCE)(0%) are investigated. From these simulation results, we evaluate theperformances of the proposed advanced UICT with a PCE.

Fig. 1. Proposed STBC based FBMC-LDPC advanced UICT85

Fig. 2. BER performance of the STBCFBMC-LDPC UICT with a PCE

Fig. 3. PSNR performance of the STBCFBMC LDPC UICT with a PCE

Acknowledgement
The authors acknowledge the support of the grant from The Ministry of Science and Technology of
Taiwan, under contract No. MOST 108-2221-E-992 -026.

Using Activated Quantum Reagent to Transform the Quality of Poultry andAnimal Manure and its Recycling
Chin Ko Yeh1, Chitsan Lin1,2*, Hsueh Chen Shen1, Zau Wen Kuo3,
Wisanukorn Lukkhasorn2
1Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, College of Maritime, National Kaohsiung

University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
2Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science
3and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
Tygood Cosmos Vital Force Technology Corporation, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
*ctlin@nkust.edu.tw

According to the current livestock breeding scale in Taiwan, there are 5,514,211 pigs, 105,059 cattle,
and 100,480,021 chickens. If the average daily excretion of adult livestock and poultry is 2 kg for
big pigs, 0.15 kg for adult chickens, and 20 kg for cattle, and then 60% of adult livestock and poultry
weights are used to estimate the average weight of livestock and poultry, the annual excretion of
livestock. The solid matter amounts to approximately 16,920,963 metric tons, which is the primarysource of livestock waste. This project will conduct a 7-day kitchen waste composting experimentin a greenhouse space. Under the same operating parameters, compare a group of control reactors
without a quantum active agent and another group of experimental reactors with a quantum active
agent to compare the biochemical effects of composting and the differences in monitoring data of86

two groups for research and discussion. The results of the experiment showed that the index gas
data (NH3, H2S) of the experimental pile was not detected, which was significantly better than thecontrol pile, and it could reduce the fat content in the food waste compost by 50% on the fourth dayof the experiment. Through the method of paving and drying, when the moisture content is lower
than 35%, the parameters of the experimental pile tend to be stable, which is easy to control theexperiment and achieves the removal of the peculiar smell caused by the fermentation during thecomposting process, and the time required to accelerate the composting process reduce the fat
content in the compost pile and improve the quality of the fertilizer. The traditional mechanicaltransformation processing methods most focus on the chemical aspect. They use quantum active
substances to automatically transform poultry and animal manure, mainly through quantum
physical modifications. Suppose it can be successful, in the expected to significantly enhance thevarious efficiencies of traditional chemical treatment, which subsequent experiments need toconfirm.

Using a Novel Graphene-Ceramic Composite Material in the Adsorption of
Aromatic Volatile Organic Compounds
Chitsan Lin*, Nicholas Kiprotich Cheruiyot, Wisanukorn Lukkhasorn, Le Thi Hieu
Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan*ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
Benzene and toluene are ones of the most common volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in industrial
processes. Carbon-based adsorbents, including activated carbon and graphene, have been widelyused to remove these aromatic compounds in both air and water. This study evaluates the adsorption
capacity of a 10 pixels per inch (PPI) novel graphene-ceramic composite material at inlet
concentrations of 100 ppm and 25 ℃. The graphene-ceramic material weighed was 17 – 21 g andhad a length of 5 cm, and a diameter of 4 cm. The flow rate was set equal to 0.8 – 1.0 Lmin-1. The
average adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was 21.4 ± 1.06 mgg-1 and 16.8 ± 1.47 mgg-1 forbenzene and toluene, respectively. The adsorbent achieved removal efficiencies of 99% and 96%
of benzene and toluene, respectively. These preliminary results show that the graphene-ceramicmaterial can successfully adsorb these compounds at 25 ℃. Further work would test the adsorption
capacity at different concentrations and temperatures, as well as compare its performance with othercommonly used adsorbents.

87

Numerical Study of the Plane Free Liquid Surface Oscillations in an Elliptical
Paraboloid
Daniil O. Nepryakhin*, Michael Yu. Zhukov**Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*nepryahin@sfedu.ru, **myuzhukov@mail.ru
The problem on the oscillations of the plane liquid unperturbed surface which fill an ellipticalparaboloid or paraboloid is numerically investigated on the basis of classical shallow waterequations. In the latter case, due to the axial symmetry, the problem is reduced to a spatially onedimensional one. Well known, that shallow water equations are hyperbolic and allow shock waves
and rarefaction waves as solutions. To solve similar equations, we need to use Riemann solvers andother special methods. In this report, the finite element method and the finite volume method areused for numerical solution of the problem. Effective numerical algorithms have been developed tosuccessfully prevent the effects of mesh viscosity. In the case of the finite volume method, theclassical version of the method and the method using HLL approximation are used forapproximation. In addition, the method for implementing the finite volume method using the
FreeFem++ finite element package is specified. The computational experiments showed that theuse of the finite volume method is more preferable than the use of the finite element method. The
choice of the problem of vibrations of a flat surface in a paraboloid is due to the fact that undercertain special initial conditions the problem has an exact analytical solution. This, in turn, allows
us to evaluate the effectiveness of methods, approximations, the accuracy of the solution, etc. The
numerical experiment allowed us to choose the optimal scheme of calculations. The results ofcalculations for oscillation frequencies of the order O(1) show that almost all the solution algorithms
used give a good agreement with the analytical solution everywhere except for a narrow area near
the walls of the paraboloid (on the order of several grid steps). This effect is explained by thedegradation of the approximation in the vicinity of the boundary. It is interesting to note that theamount of deviation from the exact solution does not tend to increase over time. A theoreticalestimate of the error is given, which is in good agreement with the experiment. The presented
algorithms can be used to solve similar problems.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

88Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors of Breath
V.G. Dneprovski*, I.A. Parinov
I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal University,
Rostov-on-Don, Russia*valdnepr@ya.ru

A breathing is one of the basic vital functions of a person; knowledge of its parameters and quality
is necessary in medicine. Respiratory monitoring methods are important for monitoring the qualityof sleep or sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The respiratory control in the intensive care unitsof hospitals, especially in patients affected by coronavirus, is particularly important. It is known,that detecting of the gas composition exhaled by a patient can be used to diagnose certain diseases.
Therefore, one of the most important applications of respiratory sensors is their use for the diagnosis
of diseases. No doubt, the use of the surface acoustic waves (SAWs) sensors [1, 2] are very
promising here. This is due to the possibility of their remote work in the passive wireless no-touchmode, their small size and the fact that they should not burden of the patients. In the present report,
a comparative analysis of the methods for monitoring human respiration using SAWs sensors
developed by various researchers has been carried out. Air exhaled by humans contains more than
3,000 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as carbon dioxide, acetone, methanol, ethanol,
butane, etc. Exhaled gas analysis is the non-invasive technique whose goal is to detect its
composition. The paper [3] discusses the technique for detecting several gases, for example, acetone.
To achieve the goal, the SAWs sensor was developed using the COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0®
software. Adsorption rate and conductivity were monitored by a gas sensor based on electric
potential. The biosensor is manufactured in such a way that the detection and analysis of VOCs
exhaled by humans becomes possible. Various sensors have already been developed that were used
to detect respiratory diseases (for example, asthma, lung cancer, tuberculosis, sleep apnea, etc.) by
analyzing VOCs during expiration [4]. In view of the listed advantages of SAW sensors, they should
be widely used in respiratory monitoring and disease diagnosis.
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the Internal Grant of Southern Federal UniversityVnGr07/2020-06-MM and the Grant No. 19-08-00365 & No.18-29-02076 of the Russian Foundation for
Basic Research.
Reference[1] Dneprovski V.G., Karapetyan G.Y., Parinov I.A. Surface Acoustic Wave Devices. Nova Science
Publishers, New York, 2016.
[2] Bagdasaryan A.S., Dneprovski V.G., Karapetyan G.Y., Nefedova N.A., Sinitsyna T. //Electronics: Science, Technology, Business. 1(83), 46-51, 2008 (in Russian).
[3] Nagamalli A., Alli D. The Proceedings of the 2019 COMSOL Conference in Bangalore.
http://cn.comsol.com/paper/download/682731/Bangalore_2019_Poster_Nagamalli.pdf[4] Hashoul D., Haick H. // European Respiratory Review. 152(28), 190011, 2019.

89

Design and Evaluation of Automated Preform Equipment for Ship
Manufacturing
Dong-Ho Yang1*, Sung-Youl Bae2
1Center of Ceramic Fiber Commercialization, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and
2

Technology, Busan, Korea
R&D Center, Control Factory, Busan, Korea*dongho.yang@controlfactory.co.kr

In this study, the results of design and evaluation of automated preform equipment in the
manufacturing process of composite ships are presented. The existing composite ship was
expensive and had low mechanical properties because hand lay-up process is applied on the ship
manufacturing. In this study, the equipment for automated preform and resin spraying in the
manufacturing process of composite ships was designed. Moreover, the performances of developed
equipment were evaluated by performance tests. Through the performance evaluation, it was
confirmed that the developed preform manufacturing equipment had a productivity of 5 kg/min andhad product reproducibility of 1.0 mm or less.

A Study on Lightweight Design of Ultra High-Pressure Composite Pressure
Vessel for Hydrogen Gas
Dong-Hun Yang1, Soo-Jeong Park2, Yun-Hae Kim1,2†
1Department of Marine Equipment Engineering, Graduate School, Korea Maritime and Ocean

University, 727 Taejong-ro, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
2Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea†yunheak@kmou.ac.kr

Carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) materials are widely used as fuel tanks for storinghydrogen gas. Manufactured by the filament winding method, CFRP works reliably at highpressures of 70 MPa and provides a product life of up to 20 years through stringent internationalsafety certifications such as GTR No.13. A lightweight fuel tank for hydrogen gas storage provides
higher energy efficiency and extends the total mileage of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The hydrogengas storage efficiency is expressed in wt.%, which is the value dividing the weight of storablehydrogen gas by the total weight of container. The currently commercialized fuel tank for hydrogenfuel cell vehicles' hydrogen gas storage efficiency is 5.2 wt.%. The fuel tank's hydrogen gas storage
efficiency for the next-generation hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is 6-7 wt.%. Therefore, high toughness
and low viscosity epoxy resin were used as a lightweight design method using the same carbon fiber90

in this study. It was found that performance improvement in the same winding pattern is an essential
factor in achieving the lightweight design goal.

Method for Computing the General Inverse of Rectangular Matrix
and its Applications in Engineering Problems
Yu. E. Drobotov
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
The presented abstract considers a method for computing a rectangular complex matrix inversion
and demonstrates its applications to balancing of flexible rotors by means of influence coefficients,and several other problems of mechanical engineering and signal processing. The method is basedon the theory of weighted pseudoinverse [1] and assumes constructing iterative reflections between
vector spaces with inner products of special type. Let Rm and Rn denote the complex vector spaces
with the following inner products and norms:
 u , v  B   u , Bv  ,  u, v C   u, C v*  ,mnu B   u , u  B , u C   u , u C ,12

12

where B and C are Hermitian positive definite matrices of orders m and n , respectively,k u , v k   ui vi , k  m , n ,i 1and v* denotes conjugation of vector v . Then the m  n complex matrix A has the uniquepseudoinverse n  m matrix A† , defined by the following properties: A A† A  A ; A냶 A A  A? ;

 B A A   B A A ;  C A A  C A A , which implies the pseudosolution of A x  b with
냶

*

냶

*

A x  b B  min , x C  min .
xRn

xRn

The presented method appeals to the conditioning theory and backward error analysis [2] toinvestigate weights for the pseudoinverse at each step of the workflow in order to reach demanded
accuracy of the solution. To compute the pseudoinverse matrix, an approach based on [3] is used,
and the role of the weights is discussed.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Molchanov I. N., Galba E. F. // Ukr. Math. J., 35, 46–50, 1983.
[2] Rice J. H. Matrix Computations and Mathematical Software. McGraw-Hill Book Company,
1981.
[3] Pennisi L. L. // Mathematics Magazine, 60(1), 31–33, 1987.
91

On Mathematical Processing of Test Results of Structural Vibrations with
Inhomogeneity
Yu. E. Drobotov1*, A. V. Cherpakov1,2**
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru, **alex837@yandex.ru
The abstract states the problem on vibration control for systems with inhomogeneity and proposes
an approach for mathematical modelling of such vibration processes basing on their test results.
Specifically, the output values of vibration acceleration are represented as the response function
f i*  t  , t   0, TH  , where the time interval TH is sufficiently large for the system state numbered iunder diagnostics. Every f i *  t  can be considered in a discretized form, i.e.
Tfi *   fi *,1 ,..., fi *,n   R n ,where R n denotes the space of all real vectors with a specific metrics, by default with the Euclidean
one. The discretization step t is chosen with regard to the discretization theorem, however thepresented paper considers the problem on varying t in dependence on the informativity of subintervals. Wavelet analysis is used to reveal such sub-intervals, and the following study is carriedout to express the considered signal in the form of a series on an orthonormal system of functions
with the local effects being taken into account.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

The Riesz Potential Type Operator with Power-Logarithmic Kernel in
Mathematical Modelling
Yu. E. Drobotov*, B. G. Vakulov
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
Let R n is the space of all vectors x   x1 , x2 ,..., xn  with real coordinates, supplied with the
Euclidean metric x   

 x1   1   ...   xn   n  , and x   x11  ...  xn n is an inner2

2

product in it. A multidimensional spherical convolution operator in its general definition is K f  x    k  x    f   d , x  Sn 1 ,
Sn 1

92





where Sn1 : x  R n : x  1 is an unit sphere in R n and the kernel k  x    defines the specificoperator researched. Such operators can be studied with applying the Fourier–Laplace multiplier
theory [1, p. 10], which provides a way, in which the image K f of the operator can be expanded
into a Fourier series, if there is a Fourier decomposition of the preimage f . The presented research
considers a special kind of the spherical convolution operators, namely the Riesz potential type
operators with a power-logarithmic kernel:f  K  , f   x   n1  n1 ln x r  d ,   R , x  Sn1 ,xSand it is to outline the basic reflection properties of K  , f [2], as well as to express its Fourier–Laplace multiplier explicitly and to invert the operator for specific values of the parameters. These
theoretical results are applied to analysis of integral equations with the potential type operators on
functions from the generalized Hölder spaces, which provide convenient terminology forformalizing the smoothness concept. The integral equations of such kind are of interest withinmathematical modelling in both theoretical and applied disciplines, as they are used for analysis of
fractal sets and considering objects with significantly specific properties, such as porous medium,
polymers, colloid aggregates, aerogels, etc. [3, p. 20].
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Samko S. G. Hypersingular Integrals and Their Applications. Taylor & Francis, 2002.
[2] Vakulov B. G., Karapetjanc N. K., Shankishvili L. D. // Izv. Vuzov. Matem., 2, 3–14, 2003.
[3] Tarasov V. E. Fractional Dynamics: Applications of Fractional Calculus to Dynamics ofParticles, Fields and Media. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2010.

Method of Local Approximations for Calculating Stress Concentration in
Elastic Bodies with Projections of Complex Shapes
Yu. E. Drobotov*, G. A. Zhuravlev**
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru, **zhur.okp@yandex.ru
The problem considered is the calculation of stress concentration in the elastic bodies withprojections of complex shapes. The significantly small geometric concentrators were estimated on
the stress-strain state with applying the analytical solutions of plane and spatial problems in [1, 2].
In the presented abstract, the distribution of stresses in the elastic bodies with complex shape in theneighborhood of the concentrator is investigated with the method of local approximations, basedon the composition of two analytical solutions: (i) the stress-strain state of a rod with two symmetric93

hyperbolic recesses under pure bending, and (ii) the deflections in a cantilever plate. In the plane
problem, the stress function is expressed as [3] F   0  x 1 , i  i  x, y  ,
i  0,1.
 i  0,
The following isometric curved coordinate system is considered here: x  u, v   sinh  u    v  ,  v   A cos  v   B sin  v  , y  u, v    cosh  u     v  ,and the particular values A  1 and B  0 provide the one used by H. Neuber [3], while using thearbitrary values of the coefficients correspond to the problem on stresses in a rod with the dangerous
section of arbitrary width. As the main result, the presented abstract proposes applying the methodof local approximations to investigate the problem of reducing stress concentration in elastic bodies
with projections of complex shapes, which is simultaneously accompanied by miniaturization ofradius of curvature and other geometric parameters of a concentrator.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Zhuravlev G. A., Drobotov Yu. E. // Applied Mechanics and Materials, 404, 350–356, 2013.
[2] Zhuravlev G. A., Drobotov Yu. E. In 2015 International Conference on "Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications" (PHENMA 2015) Abstracts & Schedule. Southern
Federal University Press, 275–276, 2015.
[3] Neuber, H. Kerbspannungslehre. Theorie der Spannungskonzentration Genaue Berechnung derFestigkeit. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2001.

Phase Patterns and Electrophysical Macro-responses in Solid Solutions of theMulticomponent Systems Based on Lead Zirconate Titanate
S. I. Dudkina*, L. A. Shilkina, L. A. Reznichenko, I. A. Verbenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*s.i.dudkina@yandex.ru
The basis of many known ferroelectric materials with high piezoelectric activity are the compounds
related to complex oxides with a perovskite-type structure (OSP) and used in practice in the formof their solid solutions (SSs). The most important place among them is occupied by SSs of the leadcontaining OSPs, first of all, the representatives of the binary system PbZrO3 – PbTiO3 (PZT) andmulticomponent media based on it. The latter are of considerable interest due to the fact that withincreasing complexity of the composition, i.e., with an increase in the number of components in thesystem, the dimension of morphotropic region (MR) increases (the k-component system has (k –1)-dimensional MR), that allows one to change the concentration of components over a wide range
and provides great opportunities for creating materials with various properties (MR is the region of94

the structural phase transition in the vicinity of which the electrophysical parameters are extreme).
In this work, SSs of a four-component system based on PZT, including the ferro-soft complex oxide
PbW1/2Ni1/2O3, were fabricated and studied. The compositions were selected in the MR of thesystem approximated by the plane, built on the basis of data on the MR of its simpler systems. The
nature of the change in the unit cell parameters depending on the composition indicates theformation of SS in the studied region. It was shown that with an increase in the PbTiO3 content in
the compositions, selected in the vicinity of the MR, a transition from rhombohedral (pseudocubic)
to tetragonal symmetry is observed. In all cases, when approaching the MR, the value of thehomogeneous parameter of the deformation, which characterizes the spontaneous deformation of
the perovskite cell, decreases especially sharply when passing from the tetragonal to the heterophaseregion and less clearly during a similar transition from the rhombohedral region to the MO. In allcases, the extreme behavior of the dielectric and piezoelectric parameters, mechanical Q-factor, andsound velocity were revealed, the values of which sharply increase or decrease in the small (3 – 5mol. %) concentration range. It was established that in the 4-component system more effective
compositions were obtained, the main parameters of which (ε33Т/ε0, Kр) exceed the values of theparameters of its component systems. These compositions can be effectively used in low-frequency
devices (microphones, hydrophones, pickups, robotics devices, optical system deflectors, etc.).
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).

Investigation of Influence of Nonstationary Supersaturated Environment on
Characteristics of In/GaAs Nanostructures Formed by Droplet Epitaxy
D.D. Dukhan*, S.V. Balakirev, M.M. Eremenko, N.E. Chernenko, M.S. Solodovnik
Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Equipment Engineering,Southern Federal University, Taganrog, 347928, Russia*duhan@sfedu.ru
In this work, we present results of modeling the processes of In/GaAs droplet epitaxy in conditionsof nonstationary supersaturation of the medium, that shows us a possibility to achieve mutuallyindependent control of size and surface density of nanostructures. Performed theoretical studies
have revealed that during the exposure processes without deposition, the material is redistributedon the surface. Due to the fact that probability of decay of a stable supercritical island is extremely
small, atoms migrate mainly from wetting layer to regions of drops. In the result of material
redistribution during the interruption of deposition, average droplet size increases, while thethickness of the wetting layer decreases. This process has a more pronounced effect when exposure
time is increased from 1 to 3 seconds. In addition, the difference in droplet size increases withincrease in deposition temperature. At a temperature of 150 °C, the average diameter of droplets,
deposited in a continuous mode with double interruption for a 3 second period, increases from 18
to 22 nm (by 18%), while at a temperature of 300 °C, a change occurs from 107 to 144 nm (26%).
95

It was also found that unsteady supersaturation of the medium affects intensity of islands nucleation,
which is caused by an increased intensity of adatoms surface diffusion, which by itself, is caused
by a decrease in the deposition rate. As a result, the final surface density of droplets at a temperatureof 300 °C decreases from 1.8108 to 5.2107 cm-2 with a double interruption of growth for 3 seconds
compared to continuous deposition. Wherein decrease in double interruption intervals to just 1
second has not brought any significant change in the surface density of nanostructures. Taking into
account the effect of deposition interruption on the average size of droplets and the critical thicknessof their formation, the change in the surface density upon changing the conditions of unsteadysupersaturation of the medium, makes it possible to conclude that there is an additional control
parameter affecting growth of In/GaAs nanostructures during the process of droplet epitaxy. The
revealed regularities make it possible to improve the technology of fabrication of heterostructureswith quantum dots for promising opto- and nanoelectronic devices.
Acknowledgements
This study was performed with financial support from Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 1979-10099) and grant of the President of the Russian Federation (project MK-477.2019.8).

Investigating the Effectiveness of Shore-line Power Using AERMOD Model
under the Aspect of Ship Emission
Duy-Hieu Nguyen1,2, Chitsan Lin1,2*
1Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, College of Maritime, National Kaohsiung

University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
2Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan (R.O.C)*ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
Green ports (eco-ports) have become international trends. In recent years, many projects have aimed
to improve the port’s environment. Among them, Kaohsiung Port has successively installed shore
power systems since 2012 to reduce air pollution caused by maritime transportation. However, thissystem has not been in full operation because of high operating costs. Moreover, there is a lack ofinternational standards on ship power voltage and grid frequency. When including theenvironmental impact, shore power can still compete with fossil fuel. Therefore, this researchstudies the feasibility of a green port with respect to ship emissions. The AERMOD atmosphericdiffusion model simulates the air quality impact of ship emission in the Kaohsiung harbor area.
There are 27 piers simulated with four major emission factors: PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NO2.
Scenarios are simulated under the long-term goal of expanding Kaohsiung harbor to include morepiers. The results show that PM pollution in the ambient air was below the Taiwan standard. Since
the ship's energy comes from combustion of fuel, the hourly NO2 and SO2 concentrations weresignificantly high at 1303 µgm-3 and 326 µgm-3, respectively. The project results can be used toevaluate the effectiveness of using shore power to reduce air pollution in the port area. Study results
96

can also be referenced to assess other effects of air pollution on nearby areas such as NOx cycle orsecondary pollution.

Effect of Voltage and Current to MIG Welding with 1 mm Filler Diameter tothe Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints of Commercial SteelEdi Santoso*, Ichlas Wahid, Maula Nafi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia*edisantoso@untag-sby.ac.id
The welding process is undergone heating, which causes changes in physical properties affecting
the mechanical properties of the raw material. The changes in these properties will result in changes
in the strength of the welds, which cause cracks and fractures in the joints, thus affecting the safetyof the machine construction. To determine changes in physical and mechanical properties incommercial steels, tensile strength and hardness testing of commercial steels were performed andwelding results with different voltage and current strength obtained. Welding was done by MIG
welding on 3 mm thick steel plates with filler ER-50-6 of 1 mm diameter with CO2 gas flow rate of
7 L/min. Voltage variations used in this study were 24 volts, 25 volts and 26 volts, and the variationof current strength used in this study were 100 A, 110 A and 120 A. Then hardness testing andtensile testing were performed. From the tensile test data, we obtained that the highest hardness
value of 64.5 HRC was found at 25 V and 120 A and the lowest hardness value of 51.5 HRC was
found at 19 V and 100 A. For each voltage variation, the current 120 A gave the highest hardness
value and at each increase in current, the hardness value increased. From the tensile test data, we
obtained that the higher the MIG welding voltage and current used gave the higher the tensile stressvalue. MIG welding with variations in the current strength of 100 A, 110 A, 120 A and the voltage
of 19 V, 22 V, 25 V produces unequal tensile strength values. The highest tensile strength value of
50.2 kgf/mm2 was produced in the welding by using 120 A current and 25 V voltage, while thelowest tensile strength value of 22.8 kgf/mm2 was in the welding by using 100 A current and 19 V
voltage.

97

High Dielectric Constant at Room Temperature in a Family of Solid Solutions
LixNa1-xTayNb1-yO3 (у = 0.1 – 0.5) Synthesized at High Pressure
V.V. Efremov*, M.N. Palatnikov, O.B. Shcherbina
I.V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola
Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Apatity, Russia*v.efremov@ksc.ru
Ferroelectric solid solutions (SSs) LixNa1-xTayNb1-yO3 are based on sodium niobate. They haveperovskite structure type which allows different structure distortions. This fact determines a greatamount of concentration phase transitions and existence of morphotropic areas. Several competing
instabilities make LixNa1-xTayNb1-yO3 sensitive towards outer forces and leads to co-existence ofseveral phases in a wide range of temperatures. Such a sensitivity to outer actions is perspective forapplication because varying obtaining conditions and composition can change its physicalproperties. SSs LixNa1-xTayNb1-yO3 (у = 0.1 – 0.5) were synthesized under pressure P = 6 GPa, T =1800 K for 3 min on press plant DO138A. Due to XRD analysis (Fig. 1) synthesized samples
correspond to NaNbO3. Sodium niobate has a crystal structure of perovskite which is characterized
by ordered distortions, collective shifts of anions and cations of a certain type. It is a common
knowledge that this compound is ferroelectric active and has six phase transitions in dependence
on temperature, i.e. it can have seven main phases. But it is a known fact that even nominally pure
NaNbO3 has a substantial admixture of a ferroelectric phase Q(P21ma). An increase in Liconcentration leads to stabilization of Q-phase in pure sodium niobate; the Q-phase co-exists with
P-phase. At large amounts of Li, samples become uniform ferroelectrics with a structure
characteristic of Q-phase. Thus, lithium and tantalum concentration in the system, as well as
synthesis temperature influence phase composition connected with polymorphism in high pressure
ceramics. Temperature dependences of dielectric conductivity contain anomalies in the shape ofmaxima in the area of room temperatures. These anomalies were detected to be caused by a structurephase transition N ↔ Q in studied samples. Values of εʹ at room temperature at a frequency 100
KHz have already high values. A dispersity of dielectric constant was studied. Fig. 2 demonstrates
the result. The dispersity deepness is huge, as Fig. 2 reveals. In the area of low frequencies εʹ is~106 – 108 in dependence on tantalum concentration. For ceramics with у = 0.4, εʹ ~104 and values
do not show strong dependence on the measurement of field frequency. The obtained great dielectric
constant dispersity is usually caused by migration polarization due to Maxwell-Wagner, if there issimultaneously an ion conductivity in heterogeneity systems. Charge carriers gain on thecomponent boundaries and contribute to polarization, i.e. lead to an increase in dielectric constantof a material. In ceramic samples such contribution is proportional to the volume of electrodecomposite boundaries and dielectric spontaneous polarization. This effect can be used for creationof condensers.

98Fig. 1. XRD patterns of Li0.17Na0.83Та0.4Nb0.6O3
and NaNbO3.compositions

Fig. 2. Frequency dependence of real part ofdielectric constant Li0.17Na0.83TaуNb1-уO3(у = 0.1 – 0.5) at room temperature

Monitoring the Condition of Structures of an Existing Building Near New
Construction
I. O. Egorochkina, I. A. Serebryanaya*, E. A. Shlyakhova
Don State Technical University, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia*silveririna@mail.ru
In the process of building a new construction in dense urban area, there is high risk of destruction
and damage for structures of adjacent buildings [1]. One of the common problems is thedevelopment of cracks in the supporting structures of buildings that appear in the result of thedamaging effects of shock and vibration when installing pile foundations of new buildings.
Monitoring allows one to record the amplitude-time characteristics of fluctuations during theoperation of the hydraulic hammer and equipment for driving piles and to compare them with the
maximum permissible. Installation of beacons at the locations of existing defects (cracks) in the
bearing walls of the monitoring object allows one to monitor the development of deformations
during the driving of test piles of new construction. To register the amplitude-time characteristicsof the vibrational velocities, the Vibran-2.2 analyzer was used, the use of which is effective for the
purpose of technical diagnostics of building structures [2, 3]. The digitized results of measurementsof the amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFCs) were processed using the specialized ANSYS
software package. The developed program for signal processing is based on the transformation of
the data array and the construction of the dependence of the frequency response on the intensity andduration of the vibration (shock) effect. Frequency response reflect the integral values of theamplitudes for each of the frequencies in a given range of the original signals. According to the99results of processing, the values of the maximum amplitude of vibrations when driving piles wereobtained. The results were compared with the standard values of the maximum allowable
amplitudes of acceleration of foundation vibrations according to Russian standard “Design andinstallation of pile foundations and sheet piling in the conditions of reconstruction of industrial
enterprises and urban development”. The parameters of the safe driving mode of piles without
starting a diesel hammer engine with leader drilling were established.
References[1] Livadnaya D.B., Serebryanaya I.A. // Engineering Journal of Don, 6, 2019,ivdon.ru/ru/magazine/archive/N6y2019/6010.
[2] Egorochkina I.O., Serebryanaya I.A., Shlyakhova E.A., Matrosov A.A., Maltseva I.V.,
Lukhneva
Yu.N.
//
Engineering
Journal
of
Don,
2,
2020,
ivdon.ru/ru/magazine/archive/N2y2020/6330.
[3] Cherpakov A., Egorochkina I., Shlyakhova E., Kharitonov A., Zarovny A., Dobrohodskaya S.
// MATEC Web of Conferences, 106, 04009, 2017 doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201710604009.

Formation of the Structure of Heavy Concrete with Increased Crack
ResistanceI.О. Egorochkina1*, Е.A. Shlyakhova1, А.V. Cherpakov1,2, I.A. Parinov2, M.-Y. Yeh3,
C.-D Yang3
1

Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*arin77@bk.ru
Concrete products and reinforced concrete structures are considered one of the main and highquality materials for the construction of building complexes. Every year the scale of construction isincreasing, and the issues of choosing materials for the objects under construction are becoming
more and more responsible. Ensuring the performance of building structures is considered a key
issue in modern technology for the production of concrete and reinforced concrete. Crack resistanceis one of these characteristics. The issue of crack resistance of concrete and reinforced concrete
structures has been relevant for a long time and remains so to this day. There are many different
factors that have a dominant influence on fracture toughness. The literature has repeatedly described
possible ways to increase crack resistance, such as the use of special additives, replacement of partof the sand in concrete, reduction or replacement of a part of cement, the formation of the mostsuitable concrete structure for a particular case. One of the indirect methods for assessing the crack
resistance of piles can be testing concrete for tensile strength during splitting (Russian GOST
10180-2012), with the help of which the effectiveness of the developed compositions of increased
crack resistance was evaluated. The studies were carried out on concretes of various compositions,while the composition and type of fine aggregate of all size ranges were varied (from the nanoscale
to the macrolevel). The compositions used a fine aggregate in the form of quartz sand with a size
100

modulus of Ms = 1.5; screening out of stone crushing of sandstone with a size modulus of Ms = 3.3;
microsilica and nanosilica. The performed studies have shown the effectiveness of using a
combined fine aggregate in order to increase the crack resistance of concrete.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] Cherpakov A., Egorochkina I., Shlyakhova E., et al. // MATEC Web of Conferences, 106, 04009,
2017.

Impact of Substandard Aggregates on the Effectiveness of Chemical Additives
I.О. Egorochkina1*, Е.A. Shlyakhova1, А.V. Cherpakov1,2, I.A. Parinov2, S.-H. Chang3
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

32Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*arin77@bk.ru
In the construction industry, the issue of the quality of precast concrete and reinforced concrete
products is very acute. It is known that the main indicators of the quality of concrete directly dependon the characteristics of the raw materials, including the content of pollutants (CPTs) in theaggregates used. Aggregates with the required characteristics for the production of concrete mixes
are available in most regions of the Russia in limited quantities. As practice shows, at present, many
enterprises of the Rostov Region have significant difficulties with conditioned fine aggregates. The
sands used have a low value of the modulus of size (Ms) from 1.2 to 1.5 and a high value of thecontent of silty-clay particles – above 5%. It is noted that the effectiveness of the use of chemical
additives to regulate the rheological characteristics of concrete mixtures in the production of
concrete can change significantly with a change in the characteristics of aggregates. Currently, there
is a tendency to use plasticizing additives based on polycarboxylate (PCX) ethers. The effectivenessof polycarboxylates depends on the charge density of the main chain, as well as on the chemical
structure, length and number of side branches. In Russia, the share of PCX accounts for an
insignificant part of the total volume of plasticizing additives, which is associated not so much with
their high cost as with strict restrictions on the content of CPTs in aggregates. Often, when using
fine sands, which include most of the sands used in the Rostov Region, with an increased content
of CPTs, it is required to increase the consumption of expensive PCX. In addition, the effectivenessof their action in concrete mixes decreases. Our studies to assess the effectiveness of PCX in
concrete mixtures using fine sands from deposits of the Rostov Region with a modulus of size from
1.2 to 1.8 and a content of CPTs from 2.0 to 6.8% made it possible to establish the possibility of
their application.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
101

References[1] Egorochkina I.O., Shlyahova E.A., Cherpakov A.V., Soloviev A.N. // Engineering Journal ofDon, 4, 2015 (In Russian).
[2] Egorochkina I.O., Shlyahova E.A., Cherpakov A.V., Manvelyan L.A., Kucherenko D.Yu. //Engineering Journal of Don, 4, 2016 (In Russian).
[3] Shlyakhova E. A., Holostova A. I. In: Proc. Int. Sci.-Pract. Conf. CONSTRUCTION - 2015:
CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION, Rostov-on-Don, 565-567, 2015 (InRussian).

Influence of Chemical, Mineralogical and Textural Features of Aggregates on
the Processes of Structure Formation in Concrete
I.О. Egorochkina1*, Е.A. Shlyakhova1, А.V. Cherpakov1,2, I.A. Parinov2,
M.-Y. Yeh3, C.-D Yang3
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*arin77@bk.ru
High performance indicators of concretes are achieved by using high-quality raw materials andtechnological methods aimed at forming a defect-free structure, providing a high degree of adhesionof components [1 – 3]. A whole complex of processes and phenomena is involved in the formationof the structure of concrete, the degree of study of which is not the same and requires detailed
research. The work of domestic and foreign researchers is devoted to the question of the role of theadhesion of cement stone with aggregates in creating concrete strength. It is emphasized that
ensuring high adhesion strength is achieved both by optimizing the shape and relief of aggregates,and by intensifying physicochemical processes in the contact zone. To assess the effect of themineralogical, chemical and textural features of various aggregates on the structure formation in
the contact zone, we carried out X-ray phase and differential thermal analyzes of the aggregate
surfaces directly in contact with the cement stone. The decoding of the X-ray diffraction patterns
showed that complex physical and chemical processes are taking place in the contact zone. The
phase analysis showed that the contact zone is formed by substances whose composition andstructure are intermediate in comparison with the composition and structure characteristic of cementstone and aggregate. Compounds characteristic of Portland cement stone in the process of cement
hydration on the surface of the aggregate are recrystallized into complex compounds of the types:
2CaOSiO2nH2O, 2CaOAl2O3nH2O, 3CaOAl2O3(Ca, Mg)CO3nH2O. So, the most probable is thearrangement of substances to the following order: carbonate – 2CaOAl2O3SiO2nH2O – cement stone,
which represents a gradual transition from aggregate to cement stone. Compounds with a stable
crystal lattice were found in the contact zone: 4CaOAl2O3Fe2O3nH2O, 2CaOAl2O3SiO2nH2O,
3MgO2SiO2nH2O, 2CaOSiO2nH2O. Chemisorption processes at the interface largely determine theadhesion of the cement stone to the aggregate grains, which increases with the increase in the102

chemical activity of the aggregate to the cement stone. The data obtained confirmed the assumptionthat the presence of hydrated formations of cement stone on the surface of fillers, similar in structure
and chemical composition to crystallizing new formations, promotes the formation of strong
isomorphic and epitaxial intergrowths between calcite of carbonate fillers and calcium oxide
hydrate due to the closeness of the lattice parameters of these crystals. The result of the formationof the "fibrous" structure of the cement stone and the low-defect contact zone is a more preferable
structure of the capillary-porous structure, which largely has a positive effect on the performance
properties of concrete.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] Egorochkina I. O. // News of South-Ural State University. Building and Architecture Series, 3,49-53, 2014.
[2] Shlyakhova, E. A., Akopyan, A. F., Akopyan, A. V. // Engineering Journal of Don, 2012, 4(Pt.
2).
[3] Shlyakhova E.A., Egorochkina I.O., Cherpakov A.V. In: Proceedings of the 2018 International
Conference on Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications, Ivan A. Parinov,Shun-Hsyung Chang, Yun-Hae Kim (Eds.). Nova Science Publishers, New York, 227-232, 2019.

Optimization of the Composition of the Repair Mixture Based on
Non-shrinking and Expanding Cements
I.О. Egorochkina1*, Е.A. Shlyakhova1, А.V. Cherpakov1,2, I.A. Parinov2, Y.-M. Liu3
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Department of Electric Communication Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*arin77@bk.ru
Power transmission lines (PTLs) are strategic facilities, the reliability of which depends on the
country's life support. Most of the currently operated transmission lines were put into operation in
the twentieth century, and by now the problem of assessing their technical condition, repairing, if
necessary, and maintaining it in a working condition has ripened. Many works have been devoted
to the issues of technical diagnostics and repair of structures of power transmission lines. Defects
that appear during the operation of reinforced concrete elements of power lines have different
localization and degree of manifestation, but the destruction of the surface layer of concrete with
exposure of reinforcement is characteristic, more often at the base of the power line rack. The
purpose of this research work is to select the optimal composition of the repair mixture based on
non-shrinking and expanding cements, which ensure reliable adhesion of the repair compounds tothe concrete of the structure, which will ensure the bearing and operational characteristics in therestored reinforced concrete elements of the power transmission line at the design level. The studies
103were carried out using a complex of physicochemical, acoustic and dynamic research methods, inparticular the methods of ultrasonic flaw detection and vibration diagnostics. In the result ofmathematical planning and optimization, repair compositions were selected containing a fourcomponent expanding complex additive of the sulfoaluminate type, the positive effect of which liesin the directional modeling of the fine-porous structure of the cement stone with the intensificationof the process of pore clogging by crystallizing complex salts such as hydrosulfoaluminates andcalcium hydrochloroaluminates. As a result, a fine-pored cement stone structure is formed withevenly distributed, partially sealed pores. Due to, the strength indicators, crack resistance, water
resistance and frost resistance of the resulting repair composition are significantly increased.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Cherpakov A., Egorochkina I., Shlyakhova E., et al. // MATEC Web of Conferences, 106, 04009,
2017.
[2] Shlyakhova E.A., Egorochkina I.O., Serebryanaya I.A., Matrosov A.A. // Materials Science
Forum, 931, 618-623, 2018.

Statistical Methods for Predicting and Preventing the Appearance of a Defectin Efflorescence on the Surface of Brickwork
I.О. Egorochkina1*, Е.A. Shlyakhova1, А.V. Cherpakov1,2, I.A. Parinov2,
C.-Y. Jenny Lee3, C.-C. Yang3
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*arin77@bk.ru
Brick buildings are characterized by high strength, heat engineering and aesthetic properties. The
appearance of such a defect as efflorescence on the masonry surface, in addition to reducing
aesthetics over time, leads to a decrease in the strength and durability of brick structures.
Efflorescence can be located locally or diffusely over the entire surface of the wall and havedifferent intensities. Measures to prevent efflorescence are mainly reduced to hydrophobization of
the surface. For the purposes of predicting and preventing the appearance of a defect inefflorescence, the reasons for the appearance of efflorescence were established, the factors
influencing this process were studied, and a system for preventing and eliminating the defect wasdeveloped [1, 2]. The use of statistical methods of quality management made it possible to establish
the factors causing the appearance of salts on the wall surface. For diagnostic purposes, a modern
instrumental base was used, the methodology and technology of using which is highlighted in theworks. The chemical and mineralogical composition of the cement binder, the main component of104

the solution, plays a significant role in the processes of efflorescence. For masonry work, thefollowing binders are mainly used: Portland cement without additives, Portland cement withadditives, slag Portland cement, pozzolanic Portland cement. The conducted spectral, X-ray phase,differential thermal analyzes, the results presented here, made it possible to establish a variation inclinker content in the range from 98.5 to 20%, and the amounts of additives from 0 to 80%. If weassume that all binders are made on the basis of one clinker of normal composition and initially do
not take into account the role of additives, then based on the regulated binder compositions, theamount of calcium hydroxide and, accordingly, the intensity of efflorescence in the cement stone
will change in the following order: PC – PC – D – SHPC – PPTs. To prevent the appearance ofefflorescence, it is necessary to use cements with a limited alite content and with a low watercement ratio, as well as introduce mineral adsorbents or chemical surface-active additives. It is
recommended to use active silica additives as mineral additives that reduce the diffusion process of
Ca(OH)2 and bind it into insoluble low-basic hydrosilicates. In the result of the research, an analysisof the causes of efflorescence, the type of violation of the requirements that led to the appearanceof this defect and the development of preventive recommendations were proposed. Compliancewith the recommendations for the prevention of efflorescence allows one to ensure the durability,
safety, aesthetics and commercial attractiveness of brick buildings and structures.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Egorochkina I.O., Serebryanaya I.A., Shlyakhova E.A., Matrosov A.A., Pronina K.A. //Engineering Journal of Don, 4, 2019.
[2] Shlyakhova E.A., Akopyan A.F., Akopyan A. V. // Engineering Journal of Don, 4(Pt 2), 2012.

Characterisation of Woven Composite Material Properties
by Using an Inverse Technique Based on Vibration Tests
Endija Namsone1*, Denis Ermakov2
1Institute of Materials and Structures, Riga Technical University

Kalku Str. 1, LV-1658, Riga, Latvia
2Department of Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, Perm National Research

Polytechnic University, Komsomolski Ave. 29, 614990 Perm, Russia*barkanov@latnet.lv

Nowadays, use of woven composite materials has increased and, due to their high stiffness and low
weight properties, these materials are utilized widely in different engineering applications likeaircraft, automobile, ship, railway constructions, etc. Unfortunately, not always all necessary
material data are available from manufactures for the design and optimisation purposes of advanced
lightweight structures. For this reason, a mixed numerical-experimental technique based onvibration tests is modified and applied in the present study to determine the elastic material
properties of woven composites. The non-destructive technique consists of physical experiments,
105

numerical modelling and material identification procedure, where an identification of material
properties is performed minimising the error functional between the experimental and numericalparameters of structural responses. The computational effort has been substantially reduced byusing non-direct optimisation methodology developed on the planning of experiments and response
surface technique. For the characterisation of woven composite material properties, two carbon
fibre panels made of four anisotropic layers with different reinforcement schemes [0°/90°/0°/90°]
and [-45°/45°/-45°/45°] have been prepared. The selected thicknesses and reinforcement schemesof specimens have been chosen in relation to the design requirements for a manufacture of powershells widely used in aircraft structures. Samples have been made of CM-PregF-T27 200/1250
CP0041 45 prepreg carbon fibre material by manual layout technology, vacuuming under thepolyethylene film and curing in an autoclave at high temperature and pressure. The plans ofexperiments with regular distribution of the points of experiments in the domain of factors for both
samples have been formulated for 3 design parameters and 20 experiments. Then in eachexperimental point the finite element vibration analysis based on the first-order shear deformation
theory have been carried out in ANSYS for the samples with completely free boundary conditions.
Physical experiments have been executed by using non-contact excitation with loudspeaker andoptical sensing with POLYTEC scanning laser vibrometer PSV-400-B. During vibration testing, 11
first frequencies have been measured for specimen 1 and 12 first frequencies – for specimen 2.
Different order polynomial functions have been estimated in their applicability to approximate
accurately the numerical results. The identified elastic material properties have been successfully
validated by comparison of numerical and experimental resonant frequencies.

Study of the Growth of GaAs on Silicon with Amorphized Areas
M. M. Eremenko*, S. V. Balakirev, N.E. Chernenko, M. S. Solodovnik, O. A. Ageev
Southern Federal University, REC “Nanotechnologies”, Taganrog, Russia*eryomenko@sfedu.ru
The integration of highly efficient light emitting sources based on III/V structures with silicon
technology remains a difficult task today [1], but it could allow the creation of photonic integrated
circuits compatible with well-established silicon complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) technology. This is expected to combine the advantages of GaAs technology (highperformance laser sources) and Si technology (high-speed information processing). The use ofvarious surface patterning methods allows not only to localize the structure on a certain area of thesubstrate, but also to reduce the density of dislocations in the growing layers by orders of magnitude
while reducing the thickness of the grown nanostructures. In this work, the focused ion beam (FIB)
method was used to localize and improve the nucleation of the grown GaAs on Si structures. For
growth processes, on-axis Si (001) substrates with preliminary FIB processing were used. Surface
modification was carried out by implanting Ga atoms in predetermined areas of the Si substrate. To
identify optimal regimes of the FIB procedure, the dose and current of implantation were varied.
After removing the oxide, the substrate was cooled to 600 °C and 200 nm of GaAs buffer was
deposited at a rate of 0.1 ML/s. The epitaxial materials were fabricated using a SemiTEq STE 35
106molecular beam epitaxy system with solid-state sources. At the lowest dose of Ga implantation
equal to 1 pC/μm2, the deposition of GaAs on modified areas occurs as separate crystallites with anirregular shape. An increase in the implantation dose leads to GaAs coalescence and further fillingof the areas. However, it is worth noting that at the highest dose of implantation, the morphologyof the grown nanostructures is deteriorated. We suggest that this is due to significant damage to the
crystal structure of the modified regions during FIB processing. An analysis of the surface
roughness showed that with an increase in the dose of implanted Ga from 1 to 7 pC/μm2, theroughness of the grown nanostructure decreases. For nanostructures grown in areas with an
implantation current of 1 pA, a lower surface roughness is observed compared to 10 pA. However,in both cases, with an increase in the implantation dose from 7 to 21 pC/μm2, the roughness
increases, which confirms the processes of surface and quality deterioration of the grownnanostructures.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 20-69-46076). The results
were obtained using the equipment of the Research and Education Center "Nanotechnologies" ofSouthern Federal University.
Reference[1] Tang M., Park J.-S., Wang Z., Chen S., Jurczak P., Seeds A., Liu H. // Prog. Quant. Electron,
66, 1-18, 2019.

A Case Study: Application of Business Process Re-engineering in Company
Erni Puspanantasari Putri1, Sukon Aduldaecha2
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,

Indonesia
2Faculty of Business Administration and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University (KKU), Thailand*erniputri@untag-sby.ac.id
Organizations are consistently searching for approaches to reduce expenses and increment yields.
With the quick movement of innovation, the appropriation of new innovation inside organizations
is a consistent need. Thus, these progressions could state the requirement for business process
improvement. There is a more extensive and increasingly unique way to deal with upgrading current
business forms, in particular business process reengineering (BPR). Normally, in the present day
and age, this will incorporate innovation. However, there is a whole other world to it than justutilizing innovation for change. BPR assists organizations with lessening costs and boost yields.
The company process has to be invariably analyzed to comply with the requirement and expectancyof the expanding people. Hence, it can scheme the work-streams and evaluates the company
processes. In applying the BPR method, the company can attain the following benefits: meetcustomer satisfaction overall, gain the expense benefit, increase the competency benefit, establish
customer value, and existence the obvious company vision. In this report, the case studies of the
BPR method application in the company are discussed as follows: (i) restructuring strategy at
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Garuda Indonesia Aircraft; (ii) work reengineering in Ford Motor Company; (iii) redesign ofrecruitment procedure in Google Company; (iv) reengineering of item advancement in Hallmark
Cards Inc. and (v) reengineering guideline in Taco Bell Company.

Case Study of the Keys to Success of Supply Chain Management in Company
Erni Puspanantasari Putri1*, Sukon Aduldaecha2
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,

Indonesia
2Faculty of Business Administration and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University (KKU), Thailand*erniputri@untag-sby.ac.id
Supply chain management (SCM) creates benefits advantages as well as novel efficiency, great
benefits, fewer costs, and intensifies cooperation. SCM sustains enterprises to better organize
demand, lead the proper inventory quantity, handle disruptions, preserve minimum costs, and meetcustomer satisfaction effectively. These SCM advantages are attained by selecting an effective
strategy and the right technology to organize the plurality growth of supply chains. SCM takes
possession of important effects on both company and consumer. The main company processes will
be integrated by SCM to the final consumers via original providers, manufacturers, marketing, andthird-side logistics association according to the supply chain. These integrations are as follows: (i)crucial success aspects in an enthusiastic trade atmosphere; (ii) requirement for improving grade in
the structure; (iii) effective supply chain achievement through distributing and applying sources,
capitals, facilities, processes, information, science, systems among different degrees; and (iv)
improving the service time, efficiency and expenses of the applying systems, process quality,
inventory values, and the information transference. Integration guides to preferable teamwork forequalized production organizing, cooperation product establishment, cooperation requirement, andlogistics designing. In this report, it will be discussed the case study of keys to the SCM success incompanies as follows: (i) success keys of McDonald's SCM; (ii) Starbucks SCM modification; (iii)
Nestlé’s SCM strengths and (iv) strategy works of Amazon’s SCM.

108

A Case Study of Creative Industry Development Strategy in Sidoarjo Regency,
East Java Province, Indonesia
Erni Puspanantasari Putri1*, Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri2
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,

Indonesia
2Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran(UPN Veteran) East Java, Surabaya, Indonesia*erniputri@untag-sby.ac.id
Creative industries have an important role in the economy of a country. At this time, creative
industry players are faced with the era of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC). The
implementation of the Southeast Asian free market is a challenge as well as an opportunity forindustry creative of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Therefore, industry creative products
must have standards to be able to compete. The era of the industrial revolution 4.0 has begun.
Synergy with the development of information technology is the key for creative industry players to
be able to compete in the global market. Creative industries have a characteristic of their superiority
in the creative side of a product's design. Sidoarjo Regency is located in East Java Province,
Indonesia. This regency has a border with Surabaya City, Madura Strait, and several regencies,
namely: Gresik Regency, Pasuruan Regency, and Mojokerto Regency. Sidoarjo Regency is one of
the main buffer cities of Surabaya City and is also a member of the Gerbangkertosusila Region. The
Gerbangkertosusila Region consists of Gresik Regency, Bangkalan Regency, Mojokerto Regency,
Surabaya City, Sidoarjo Regency, and Lamongan Regency. This region is the second-largest
metropolitan area in Indonesia. Surabaya City is the center of the Gerbangkertosusila Region.
Sidoarjo Regency is also called the City of Indonesian SMEs. Some of the reasons are as follows:(i) it has the largest number of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia; (ii) it has many
people's economic activities with small and medium scale business sectors; (iii) it has around 82
creative industry centers of SMEs; and (iv) it has creative business villages, such as batik villages,
snack villages, cracker villages, sandals, and shoe villages, etc. The Sidoarjo Regency Government
encourages the creative industries to continuously improve their innovations. By increasing these
innovations, the creative industry will be able to compete in the global market. The efforts, madeby the Sidoarjo Regency Government to develop the creative industries, provide guidance andassistance to improve SMEs businesses. Several creative industry development programs in the
Sidoarjo Regency consist of (i) Tanggulangin SMEs Revitalization Center Program; (ii) Sidoarjo
Youth Center Program; (iii) Agro Tourism Village Development Program; (iv) Independent andProsperous Industrial Village Program; (v) Minapolitan Area Development; and (vi) Digital SMEs
Village Program.

109

Development Strategy of Creative Economy and Creative Industry inSurabaya, Indonesia
Erni Puspanantasari Putri1*, Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri2
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,
2

Indonesia
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran (UPN
Veteran) East Java, Surabaya, Indonesia*erniputri@untag-sby.ac.id

The creative economy is a concept that intensifies information and creativity based on ideas andknowledge from human resources as the main production factor. This concept will be supported by
the existence of a creative industry. To achieve successful business development, companies needa strategy to manage the effort. Therefore, the company will be able to produce maximum profit.
Surabaya is the second-largest city in Indonesia after Jakarta as the capital city. With a populationof around 3 million people, Surabaya has become: (i) metropolis city with some diversity; (ii) the
center for business, commerce, industry, and education; (iii) a major port and commercial trading
center in Eastern Indonesia and (iv) one of the largest cities in Southeast Asia. Creative industries
have an important role to encourage economic growth in the region and nationally. Surabaya has
the potential to become a center for creative industries in the future. The creative economy industry
development program is considered successful in improving the economy of Surabaya City. Several
programs to develop the economy and creative industries that have been launched in Surabaya City
are as follows: (i) Economic Heroes and Young Fighters Program, (ii) Millennial Economic Festival,and (iii) Surabaya Start-up Program.

The Survival Strategy of Indonesia MSMEs Development in Facing the
Economic Crisis due to the COVID-19 Outbreak
Erni Puspanantasari Putri1*, Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri2
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,

Indonesia
2Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran(UPN Veteran) East Java, Surabaya, Indonesia*erniputri@untag-sby.ac.id
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the driving wheels of the Indonesian economy.
MSMEs have contributed greatly to the development and economic growth of this country. Basedon data released by the Ministry of Cooperatives and Small and Medium Enterprises of the Republicof Indonesia concerning Data Development of Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and110

Large Enterprises (LEs) in 2016-2017, MSMEs are amounted to 62,922,617 business units and LEs
are only amounted 5,460 business units. Therefore, the number of MSMEs in Indonesia reaches
99.9 % of the total business units. Indonesia has experienced in two period of economic crisis,
namely: a monetary crisis (1998) and a global financial crisis (2008). MSMEs remain strong insustaining the national economy and are still able to absorb labor during the two economic crisis
periods. However, this is not the case with the effects of the economic and financial crisis during
the global spread of the corona virus (COVID-2019). MSMEs have become the most vulnerable
sector in the economic crisis. The resilience of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in
Indonesia is again being tested in the face of the economic crisis as the impact of the spread of
COVID-19. In addition to requiring government support, MSMEs need to make breakthroughs andstrategies in order to remain able to survive amid the economic downturn. Therefore, MSMEs as apile of the Indonesia economy can keep on to cultivate rectify. It is because MSMEs are able topreserve the survival of their business to grow and contend in the deal with strict worldwide
competition.

Non-direct Optimisation of Coupled Thermo-chemical Problem
in Pultrusion of Thin-walled Angle Profile
Evgeny Barkanov*, Pavel Akishin, Andris Chate
Institute of Materials and Structures, Riga Technical University
Kalku Str. 1, LV-1658, Riga, Latvia*barkanov@latnet.lv

Pultrusion is a technological process, where fibres impregnated with resin move through the heated
die and solidify into composite profile with a constant cross-section as in the metallic die. In many
modern pultrusion processes the temperature measurements in different die points are executed bythermocouples to control the work of electrical heaters. To improve an effectiveness of conventional
pultrusion processes, preserving the quality of pultruded profiles, new optimisation methodology isdeveloped and applied for a production of thin-walled angle profiles in the present study. Due tothe large dimension of numerical problem solved and multiple iterations applied for the solution of
governing equations, an optimisation methodology is developed, employing the method ofexperimental design and response surface technique. In each point of the plan of experiments thecoupled thermo-chemical problem is solved iteratively by the mixed time integration scheme andnodal control volumes method. It is necessary to note that ANSYS in this case is used only for thesolution of transient thermal problem. This approach has been successfully validated by anexperimental trial, when new cure sensors have been used for the measurement of electricalresistivity and temperature on the profile surface. Different order polynomial functions areevaluated for a development of suitable approximation of simulation results by using a conventional
un-weighted least square estimation. To demonstrate an application of the developed non-direct
optimisation methodology, the real industrial process, producing thin-walled angle profiles madeof glass fibres TEX4800 with the fibre mass fraction of 56% and epoxy resin RESOLTECH
1401+1407+AC140, has been chosen. In the present study the objective function is formulated as
111

the minimum energy applied per one meter of pultruded profile. The design variables describe
important parameters of the technological process (pull speed, control temperature on electricalheaters, position of electrical heaters) and ambient room temperature. Constrains are introduced
into optimisation procedure with the aim to provide a qualitative profile production, when the resin
is fully cured and no overheated during the pultrusion process. Since the curing is allowed after thedie exit, an additional constraint requiring the minimal degree of cure in the profile cross-section at
the die exit is introduced additionally. With this constraint it is guaranteed that resin, leaving thedie, is in a solid state and does not flow. The developed optimisation approach has allowed one toestimate effectiveness and productivity of the industrial pultrusion process with the temperature
control executed by the heaters switch-on and switch-off strategy. By this way more realistic
process optimisation has been achieved and more accurate values of electrical energy spent for adie heating have been obtained.

Research of the Developed Design of Micromechanical Linear Acceleration
Sensor in Systems of Stabilization and Registration of the Objects Position
O. A. Ezhova*, I. E. Lysenko, D. V. Naumenko
Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia*ezhova.08.05@gmail.com
Micromechanical sensors of angular velocities and linear accelerations are used widely in modern
technical means for various purposes: from specialized products of aerospace and defense systems
to household appliances such as cell phones and gaming platform of new generation. For example,
the MEMS sensors in navigation systems with GLONASS or GPS receiver allow us to maintainaccuracy and continuity of navigation upon loss of signal reception from the satellite. The reportpresents the developed design of a MEMS linear acceleration sensor with three sensitivity axes.
The modal and static analysis is performed, design parameters are found that ensure equality ofnatural frequencies along the sensitivity axes, and experimental samples are created and studied.
Based on the studies of the developed single-mass design, projects of linear acceleration sensors
were created, which are developed designs with different parameters of elements. By creating
projects, the same natural frequencies were obtained for the three axes of sensitivity of the linear
acceleration sensor, which ensures the same response of the sensor to external influences on thesensitivity axes and the same limit conditions for each axis, under which the sensor operation modeis violated. During the research, static and modal analysis of the developed projects was carriedout. The error in the simulation of vibrations of the structure in order to determine theeigenfrequencies in comparison with the results of numerical methods is less than 15%. Softwaretools have been developed to investigate the movement of the sensing element under the influenceof external accelerations, to calculate the stiffness of the developed design. Parametrizable
geometric and finite element models of the proposed sensor are developed, which allow us to carryout numerical modeling in the ANSYS software package. An experimental sample of a single-mass
sensor was studied. During the studies, it was found that the parameters of the experimental samplesof the micromechanical accelerometer meet the following requirements: (i) the number of axes of112

sensitivity is 3, (ii) the range of measured accelerations is ±10 g, (iii) sensitivity is not less than 0.5
FF/g, (iv) the level of cross-talk suppression is not less than 50 dB.
Acknowledgements
The results were received with use of the equipment of student's design office "Elements andInstruments of Inertial Navigation Systems of Robotic Technology" of the Institute of
Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Instrument Making of the Southern Federal University(Taganrog). Work was performed with financial support of task No. FENW-2020-0022 forperforming scientific research at the expense of the Federal budget, in terms of scientific activities
on the topic "Development and research of methods and tools for monitoring, diagnosing andpredicting the state of engineering objects based on artificial intelligence".

Elastic Wave Propagation in Layered Periodic Dielectric Elastomers
S.I. Fomenko*, M.V. Golub, A.D. Khanazaryan, A.N. Shpak
Institute for Mathematics, Mechanics and Informatics, Kuban State University,
Krasnodar, Russia*sfom@yandex.ru
Nowadays composite materials and smart structures are used extensively in aerospace, mechanicaland civil engineering, and many high-performance products due to their enhanced properties.
Moreover, a novel class of composites providing unique properties and called metamaterials is now
being intensively introduced into practice. Metamaterials are composites periodically designed tohave special properties arising from the consolidation of several material components. Wave
propagation in acoustic/elastic metamaterials or phononic crystals is intensively studied tomanipulate mechanical waves. Thus, acoustic metamaterials can provide required acoustic
properties, e.g. wider band-gap, specific resonances or negative refractive index. Accordingly, thedynamic behaviour of complex structures made of acoustic metamaterials should be efficiently
simulated and understood. In this report, the results of studies of wave motion in layered phononic
crystals composed of elastic and dielectric elastomers are presented. At first, infinite periodic
structures and structures composed of a finite number of unit-cells surrounded by two elastic halfspaces are considered. A semi-analytical method is developed to simulate and analyse the wavefields in a layered phononic crystal of finite thickness in the case of oblique incidence when the
wave-fields are calculated in terms of transfer matrix eigenvalues of a unit-cell that provides
numerical stability. Dispersion equation for periodic layered composite made of elastomers is also
formulated and solved via the spectral element method employing Lagrange interpolation
polynomials at Gauss – Lobatto – Legendre points and periodic boundary conditions. The influenceof material and geometrical properties of layers on wave transmission through various kinds oflayered phononic crystals made of dielectric elastomers are investigated.
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful to the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and theKrasnodar Regional Administration (Project 19-41-230012).
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Catalytic Alkylation of Isobutane with Olefins as Automation Object
D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, A. Bondar1, D. A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
The alkylation process is a chemical reaction of isobutane with light olefins using strong sulfuric
acid as catalyst [1]. During the alkylation process it is possible to use gases which release duringcatalytic cracking and coking processes [2]. The system of automation of isobutane alkylation
process with olefins should provide the following functions [2]: (i) to perform alarm signalization;(ii) to provide automatic monitoring of the air situation at the production facility in order todetermine the concentration of powerful and toxic substances; (iii) to perform continuous
monitoring and control of ventilation system; (iv) to monitor processing parameters; (v) to calculate
the optimal process mode; (vi) to generate and implement the necessary control actions on thecontrol object; (vii) to calculate and record current technical and economic indicators [3].
References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[3] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.

Monitoring of Normal Operating Modes of Operative DC Systems
D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, N. I. Kazimirov1, D. A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Protection of operative DC systems is most often carried out with the help of internal protectionsof automatic switches (AS), which most often do not meet modern requirements for emergency
protection [1]. AS are often insensitive to short circuits in distribution networks and cannot provide
redundancy of protection failures that depart from connection buses [2]. These protections haveconsiderable time delays that reduce the efficiency of relay protections [3]. This determines theneed to improve the monitoring of the operation of the on-line DC systems [1]. General protection
tasks are timely determination of emergency modes at powered and powering connections: short114

circuit at the facilities of powered and powering connections; reverse current at powering
connections; overload current at powered and powering connections [4].
References[1] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[2] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.
[3] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[4] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.

Mathematical Modeling of Long Pipeline
D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D.E. Kondratyev1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Main pipelines are an important component of the oil and gas complex of the Russian Federation[1]. The relevance of work is caused by the fact that mathematical modeling of the modes ofoperation of oil pipelines was included into practice of the companies which are engaged intransportation of oil, oil products and gas and became necessary component of operational
management of the enterprises [2]. Dynamic model of long oil pipeline [3] is considered in thiswork. The model, obtained by the authors, describes the movement of raw materials in a linear oil
pipeline [4]: P
2     t  C  x

1
.


P

 2  a     x1
where  is the density of the substance, x = (x1, x2, x3) is the point coordinates, a is the diameter ofthe pipe, v is the flow rate, P is the pressure, C is the speed of sound in the liquid. The obtained
mathematical model can be used in technical calculations of pipeline transport, as well as inincreasing the complexity of automatic control algorithms [2].
References[1] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
115

[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[3] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.
[4] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.

Centralized and Uninterrupted Power Supply for Oil and Gas Enterprises
D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, V.V. Terehov1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Very often at the enterprises of the oil and gas complex, at the stage of their creation, the climatic
factor is not taken into account and these enterprises work at capacities that are much higher than
the normative ones [1]. Due to these circumstances, all elements of power systems and otherelectrical components of the enterprise wear out much faster and require more frequent inspection
and measures connected with repair of equipment [2]. The main causes of emergency incidents atthe oil and gas complex facilities can be divided into several groups [3]: (i) late implementation oforganizational measures in terms of accident prevention and emergency situations; (ii) low level ofthe preparation of the specialists of oil and gas complex enterprises; (iii) poor technical conditions
and wear of main and auxiliary equipment. These problems are common for a whole industry, butthey are very acute at the facilities of the oil and gas enterprises, where a priori should be notsituations that can create a man-made disaster [2, 4].
References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[3] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[4] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.

116

Measurement of Large Amplitude Currents during Diagnostics of AC Circuit
Switches
D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, A.D. Trofimenko1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Annual failures of various circuit switches (CS) of 0.4 kV connections are recorded in the power
networks of enterprises, which appear at the most unfavorable moment in the emergency mode of
the network [1]. The main problem of the existing CS diagnostics devices is the error of measuring
the effective value of the test current. It is due to the absence of universal mathematical methods,
which allow us to calculate the effective values of the test currents according to the data obtained
from induction sensors at the non-sinusoidal form of the test current [2]. Comparative analysis
showed that the use of current transformers does not provide a specific range of linearity for thewhole scale of setting values of load currents at acceptable weight and size characteristics [3]. The
solution is to use current sensors with a magnet dielectric core made of carbonyl iron powders ofgrades Р10, Р20, Р100 or IR. [4]. The results of the calculations showed that measurement errors
within the range of current setting at optimal selection of design parameters of the sensor do not
exceed 5% [2].
References[1] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[3] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
[4] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.

Building Base Blocks of Imitation Simulation
D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D. V. Vovchenko1, D. A. Onyshko2
2

1
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Properties of APCS are often investigated by simulation of its subsystems and information parts [1].
Currently, the information part of the system is modeled by the SCADA system, but it cannot
117perform the modeling of objects [2]. For this kind of tasks, it is advisable to use simulation models
that were created in external specialized software [3]. The authors carried out studies, whichallowed us to develop the theoretically justified and practically confirmed methodology of
automatizing the process of the construction of dynamic models for spatially distributed objects,
which significantly increased productivity and reliability of imitation experiments [2]. We groundtheoretically a frame model of knowledge representation, allowing us to use the knowledge base onmodels of distributed objects in CAD, as well as to provide functionally complete and consistentpossibilities of operation with numerical models in their imitation simulation [4].
References[1] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[3] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
[4] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
and Applied Information Technology. 2015. Т. 80. № 1. С. 13-20.

Solid Solutions of Binary Perovskites and Their
Ferroelectric and Magnetic Phase Transitions Temperature Differences
G.A. Geguzina
Southern Federal University, Science Research Institute of Physics,
Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
geguzina@sfedu.ru
Some of the known binary A III B III O 3 perovskites and hexagonal manganites A III Mn III O 3 withferro- (FE) or antiferroelectric (AFE) and different magnetic phase transitions: ferro- (FM),antiferro- (AFM) are considered. They have FE or AFE properties below their phase transition (PT)temperatures, TC, together with magnetic properties below their magnetic phase transition
temperatures, TN. Not only these temperature values, but their difference TC – TN plays a significant
role to construct multiferroics using them. For a multiferroics functioning this difference should be
minimized and the temperatures themselves should be raised to at least room temperature. This task
is difficult if at all solvable. Some correlations between their ferro- (Fig. 1) or antiferroelectric (TC)and magnetic (TN) phase transition temperatures, on the one hand, and their interatomic bond A-O
strains, on the other hand, have been constructed. The influence of their interatomic bond A-O
strains on the temperatures TC and TN, as well as of their difference TC – TN was revealed, i.e. there
are the correlations between their values and strain values, which can help with the search for new
systems of solid solutions between different ferroelectrics-magnetics. Important laws that callspecial attention of researchers were and remain laws of relationships "chemical (elemental)
118

composition – crystalline structure – phase transitions – physical properties". The energy
characteristics and features of near and far interatomic interactions in the compound structure also
play a significant role. The most acceptable and accessible characteristics of such interactions inthe structure of complex oxides may be the lengths of interatomic bonds that can be determinedtheoretically with the help of the quasi-elastic model of the perovskite structure. The main featureof the quasi-elastic model of the perovskite structure is the assumption that the interatomic bonds
A-O lengths ( LAO ) in real oxides with perovskite structure can significantly differ (by our estimates,0

up to ~25 %) from the corresponding unstrained (free) interatomic bond lengths ( L AO ). Whenatoms A and B enter a complex compound lattice, they inevitably strain. The A-O interatomic bond0strains are defined as its relative deformation:  AO  ( LAO  L0AO ) / L0AO and LAO values aretabulated. Thus, to circumvent such fundamental difficulties of individual ferroelectric-magnetics,
ferroelectric solid solutions between ferroelectrics and magnetics are created with the hope to getcloser to each other and to increase the temperatures of their different phase transitions.
Nevertheless, to do this it was necessary to systematize the PTs temperatures of potential
components of possible solid solutions between magnetics and find out what structural parameters
they can depend on. Then it was necessary to determine where these temperatures come closest toeach other on the correlations constructed here (see Fig. 1) between the arguments of their structure,
namely the A–O interatomic bond strains  AO , on the one hand, and the temperatures of theirdifferent PTs and their differences, on the other hand.

Fig. 1.

We previously established that the TC of ferro- and/or antiferroelectric PTs depend on their A–O
interatomic bond strains  AO . Nevertheless, it is not yet clear whether the temperatures of magnetic
PTs are depended on the interatomic bond elastic characteristics and if so, how? It was establishedhere that the differences between temperatures of ferroelectric and magnetic phase transitions TC –119

TN (lower empty circles) depend on  AO values to some extent. Thus, it is possible to find out such
solid solution systems that are characterized negative or positive  AO values, but enough hightemperatures TC and TN and to bring together their TC and TN for them. Systems, that could berecommended in this sense are the following: BiFeO3 – BiNiO3, BiFeO3 – BiCoO3, BiFeO3 – YVO3
(see Fig. 1) or systems with hexagonal manganites, as the solid solutions with the most low TC – TNdifferences, and some systems, for example, BiFeO3 – KNbO3 or BiFeO3 – BaTiO3 that have alreadybeen investigated. If to take into attention the antiferroelectric components not shown here in Fig.
1, then such systems could be the following systems: BiMnO3 – BiGaO3, or BiMnO3 – BiCoO3, or
BiMnO3 – BiNiO3 or others.

The Effect of Strontium Pyroniobate on Phase Formation and Properties of theKNN System
E.V. Glazunova*, I.A. Verbenko, A.A. Nikulina
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,
344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*kate93g@mail.ru
Presently, the much attention is given to the development of lead-free piezoelectric materials. Thebase for their production can be, for example, the solid solutions of potassium sodium niobate (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN), which have been investigating very intensively in recent decades, due to theproximity of their piezoelectric properties to used in industry PbZr1-xTixO3 (PZT) materials.
However, producing quality and high-density KNN ceramics is difficult because of a number ofissues, such as hydrolysis of the reagents during synthesis, a limited range of optimal temperaturesof synthesis and sintering, violation of the stoichiometric composition due to the high volatility ofalkaline components at relatively low temperatures that result to low experimental density and highconductivity of ceramics. These difficulties can be eliminated by doping various modifiers into thesystem. Because the strontium pyroniobate Sr2Nb2O7 has high values of the phase transition
temperature ТC ≈ 1615 K, and solid solutions of the KNN have relatively high values of piezoelectricactivity, they in combination with each other can provide the necessary conjunction of properties
to developing a new generation of high-temperature devices. Thus, is current to establishing thelaws of phase formation and the formation of the dielectric properties of solid solutions of thesystem KNN doped Sr2Nb2O7. The objects of investigating were solid solutions of multicomponent
system (1 – x)K0.5Na0.5NbO3 – xSr2Nb2O7, 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1, Δy = 0.025, produced by two-stage solidphase synthesis followed by sintering with using traditional ceramic technology. The X-ray phaseanalysis was performed by powder X-ray diffraction on a DRON-3 diffractometer. The
microstructure of the fragment of samples was investigated by using a scanning electron microscope
JSM–6390L. The dielectric spectra were measured in the range temperature T = (300 – 900) K,
using a specially designed setup, including the LCR-meter Agilent 4980A, at frequencies of 1 kHz– 1 MHz. X-ray phase analysis of the solid solutions system (1 –x)K0.5Na0.5NbO3 – xSr2Nb2O7, 0.0≤ x ≤ 0.1, Δy = 0.025, demonstrated that all samples had a perovskite-type structure. At increasing120

concentration of Sr2Nb2O7 in the range 0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1 in the system, a number of phase transitions
occurs: R(М)→R(М)+Psс→ Psс+T. The doped of the system by strontium pyroniobate also leads
to reducing grain size and loosening the microstructure that affects on the density of objects. The
dielectric spectra of the investigated objects are characterized by a strong frequency dispersion of
the dielectric permeability and increasing the temperatures of its maxima, when the frequency
increases, that is typical for ferroelectric-relaxers. The doping by more than 5 mol% Sr2Nb2O7
results with sharply increasing electrical conductivity of the material, what can be caused by anincrease in the number of free charge carriers at the domain boundaries due to the additive of
bivalent strontium into the system. The charged grain boundaries interact with an alternating electricfield, what leads to the appearance polarization of Maxwell-Wagner's type. An additional
contribution to the mechanism of polarization can be provided by the appearance of interfacial
boundaries ceramic-air during porosity formation. Future work on the study of the piezoelectriccharacteristics of the investigating samples is planned.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020)
topic No. 0110/20-3-07 IP.

Analysis of the Influence of Cortical Bone Thickness, Soft Tissue, and Porosity
on Ultrasonic Guided Waves for Osteoporosis Diagnostics
E.V. Glushkov1*, N.V. Glushkova1, O.A. Miakisheva1, S.I. Fomenko1, A.M. Tatarinov2
1Institute for Mathematics, Mechanics and Informatics, Kuban State University,

Krasnodar, 350040 Russia
2Riga Technical University, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia*evg@math.kubsu.ru
In recent years, in the field of diagnosis and prevention of osteoporosis, there has been an increase
in interest in determining the condition of compact bone tissue, namely the main supporting elementof the skeleton, which quality determines the risk of atraumatic bone fractures in osteoporosis.
Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) is a promising tool for diagnosing the risk of osteoporotic fractures
since the ultrasound propagation parameters reflect the material properties of the compact bone
tissue. Ultrasonometers have such advantages over X-ray densitometry as the absence of ionizing
radiation, compactness, and lower cost, which makes them a well-suitable tool for screening andmonitoring the bone condition. Understanding the dependence of the traveling wave propagation
on a number of factors related to the state of the bone, such as the thickness of cortical layer, porosity,
radial gradient, and degree of mineralization, as well as possible artifacts such as surrounding soft
tissues can reveal hidden signs of osteoporosis improving its diagnostics. The present work is
focused on the simulation of dispersion and amplitude-frequency characteristics of ultrasonicguided waves (GWs) piezoelectrically generated in samples mimicking real bones (phantoms) inorder to identify signs predicting osteoporosis. Here we use analytically-based computer models
that we have been also developing for the ultrasonic inspection of composite materials and assessing
121the deterioration of their properties in the framework of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)
technologies. The models are based on the explicit GWs representation in terms of the inverse
Fourier transform path integrals of the waveguide’s Green matrix, followed by the GWs extraction
using the residue technique. The experimental and numerical results obtained for the phantoms
under consideration are analyzed and discussed.
Acknowledgement
The work is supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 17-11-01191).

Influences of the Three-Body Interaction and the Deformation of Electron
Shells of Atoms on Phonons Energy of Compressed Rare-Gas Crystals
Ie.Ie. Gorbenko1*, E.P. Тroitskaya 2, E.A. Pilipenko2, I.A. Verbenko3, E.V. Glazunova3
1Lugansk National Agrarian University, Lugansk, Ukraine
2Donetsk A.A. Galkin Physics and Technology Institute, Donetsk, Ukraine
3Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*e_g81@mail.ru
The most convenient objects for the study of a number of fundamental problems of solid-statephysics are rare-gas crystals (Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe), since they comprise a relatively simple system:
they consist of atoms with closed electron shells and contain one atom in the unit cell. In this work,
the dynamic matrix is constructed based on the nonempirical version of the quantum-mechanicalmodel of deformed and polarized atoms (Tolpygo model) with allowance for both types of the threebody interactions (due to overlap of electron shells and their deformation). Ab initio calculations
phonon frequencies are performed at two and ten mean-value points of the Chadi-Kohen method
and the influence of all three-body forces on them for compressed crystals of the Ne – Xe series.
As previously, the contribution from three-body forces due to the electron shell overlap was small
against the background of the pair interaction even at high pressure and most pronounced for Xe,
while the effects of electron shell deformations within the pair and three-body approximations differ
for different mean-value points. Contribution from the electron shell deformation (for example, for
Ne) is varied from 0% to 0.39% at compression u = p = 0 and from 0.35% to 55.9% at u = 0.76.
The average contribution value increases with an increase in pressure from 0.15% to 17.2%. The
calculation of ћωλ(X) performed by us for Ar with a pure pair potential, with neglect of thedeformation of the electron shells gives a discrepancy with the experiment of 2.6% for ћωL(X) and
8% for ћωT(X). The discrepancy with the experiment of our calculations ћωλ(X) of in the modelwith neglect of the deformation of the electron shells but with allowance for the three-bodyinteraction due to the overlap of the electron shells is 3.7% for ћωL(X) and 6.4% for ћωT(X). The
allowance for the three-body interaction and the deformation of the electron shells in the pair andthree-body approximations reduces this discrepancy for ћωL(X) to 1.5% and for ћωT(X) to 5.9%,
which is close to the experimental error of 5%. The absence of a qualitative experiment makes itvery problematic to test the theory by adequate description of phonon frequencies at the boundary122

of the Brillouin zone, although the short-wave phonons region is most sensitive to details of thetheory even at zero pressure.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).

Establishing Conditions for the Manifestation of the Piezoelectric Response of
Carbon Nanotubes
A. V. Guryanov, M. V. Il’ina*, O. I. Osotova, O. I. Il’in
Southern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic
Equipment Engineering, Taganrog, 347922, Russia*mailina@sfedu.ru
Recent studies have shown that carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can demonstrate abnormal piezoelectric
properties when they form a deformation which dislocate the atomic lattice symmetry [1 – 3]. Sucha deformation can be formed during the CNTs growth process or under the influence of an external
local pressure, for example, using a probe of an atomic force microscope (AFM) [1 – 3]. Thus, it
can be assumed that the value of the piezoelectric response will depend on the CNTs growthparameters and on the magnitude of the CNTs deformation resulting from external influence. The
aim of this work is to identify the conditions for the appearance of the piezoelectric response ofcarbon nanotubes. To determine the conditions for the CNTs piezoelectric response appearance, theinfluence of the diameter, height, and growth temperature of CNTs was studied. Arrays of aligned
carbon nanotubes grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) were used as
the samples. Experimental studies were carried out by AFM force spectroscopy with the detectionof piezoelectric current using a built-in microscope oscilloscope. An analysis of the dependence ofthe piezoelectric current on the diameter of the CNTs showed that with an increase in the diameterof the nanotubes from 35 to 65 nm, a decrease in the current from 22.6 to 17.3 nA is observed. Thiscan be due to an increase in the bending stiffness of CNTs with an increase in diameter and, as aresult, to a decrease in the magnitude of deformation of CNTs at a given load. An analysis of thedependence of the piezoelectric current on the height of nanotubes showed that with an increase in
the height from 6 to 12 μm, the current decreases from 19 to 5 nA. Studies of the carbon nanotubes
growth temperature influence on their piezoelectric response have shown that the magnitude of thepiezoelectric response nonlinearly decreased from 22.5 to 15 nA with increasing growthtemperature from 615 to 690 ℃. This may be due to a gradual increase in the disorientation of
nanotubes and a decrease in structural defects with increasing growth temperature. Thus, in thiswork, the conditions for the appearance of the carbon nanotubes piezoelectric response were shown.
It is shown that the value of the CNTs piezoelectric response depends both on the magnitude of thedeformation determined by the geometrical parameters of the CNTs and the magnitude of theexternal pressure, as well as on the structural characteristics of CNTs determined by growthtemperature. However, further research is required to establish the effect of growth parameters on
123structural perfection of the CNTs. The results can be used to develop promising elements ofnanopiezotronics based on aligned CNTs.
Acknowledgements
The results were obtained using the equipment of the REC and CCU "Nanotechnology" of theSouthern Federal University. This work was financially supported by the RFBR (project No. 2037-70034).
References[1] Il’ina M.V, Il'in O.I., Blinov Yu.F., Smirnov V.A., Ageev O.A. // Technical Physics, 63(11),1672 – 1677, 2018.
[2] Il’ina M.V, Il'in O.I., Blinov Yu.F., Smirnov V.A., Kolomiytsev A.S., Fedotov A.A., Konoplev
B.G., Ageev O.A. // Carbon, 123, 514 – 524, 2017.
[3] Il’ina M.V., Il’in O.I., Blinov Y.F., Konshin A.A., Konoplev B.G., Ageev O.A. // Materials
11, 638, 2018.

Influence of Thermal Calcination on Dielectric and Impedance Properties of
ZnO Nanostructures
Gyanendra Pratap Singh*, Mukesh Kumar Roy
Natural Science Discipline, PDPM, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482005, India*1616602@iiitdmj.ac.in
The dielectric materials have immense potential for use in modern microelectronics as well as forhigh-energy density storage applications for the miniaturization of electronic devices. Many groups
are doing research to explore new dielectric materials for application purpose. So, in this work, wehave detailed study for the effect of thermal calcination on dielectric properties of ZnOnanostructures. We have synthesized ZnO nanostructures using sol-gel auto combustion method.
Sol-gel auto combustion method is adopted because this method is fast, less equipment used,environment friendliness, cost effective and able to produce large amount of sample. We have
prepared three samples named as Z1, Z2, and Z3 using different calcination temperature 400 ºC,
500 ºC, and 600 ºC, respectively. The structural and dielectric observations have been investigatedfor each sample. The XRD (X-ray diffraction) outcomes reveal that each sample has highcrystallinity with wurtzite hexagonal structure without any impurity. The average crystallite sizefor each sample is calculated using Scherrer’s formula. Average crystallite size is found equal to 17– 19 nm for as prepared samples. It has been observed a small change in lattice parameters of thesamples with thermal calcination. The dielectric properties are measured in the frequency range
from 20 Hz to 1 MHz. The plots for dielectric constant and dielectric loss show that both parameters
are decreasing for all samples as frequency is increasing. At higher frequencies, dielectric constantand dielectric loss become almost constant. The sample calcinated at lower temperature exhibits
highest dielectric constant and lowest dielectric loss value at 1 kHz. The plot of AC conductivity
show that conductivity is in increasing trend with frequency. The complex impedance study for all
samples is also investigated to identify whether the long-range or short-range movement of charge124carriers is dominant in the relaxation process. The Nyquist or cole-cole plots for as prepared samples
show formation of semicircle arc, which indicate the presence of grain effect and single relaxation
process in prepared samples. The diameter of semicircle arc decreases with the rise of thermal
calcination, which indicate that Z3 sample has lowest bulk resistance. It can be concluded that ZnO
sample at low thermal calcination is an appropriate dielectric material for electronic devices in highfrequency applications.

Evaluation of Factors Affecting Costs Using Multiple Linear Regression
Method on the Implementation of Rehabilitation and Renovation of School
Infrastructure Facilities in Pasuruan District
Hanie Teki Tjendani1*, Nick Yanie1, Dwi Yuli Rakhmawati2, Tisno Subroto1
2

1Department of Civil Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia*hanie_tekitjendani@yahoo.com
Efforts to improve human resources can be done in several ways, one of them is through improving
the quality of education. However, when viewed from the quality of educational infrastructure inIndonesia, there is still some educational infrastructure that is not yet feasible, so that it can resultin inhibition of teaching and learning activities. Supervision of School Infrastructure and Facilities
Improvement for the Pasuruan District was conducted in 10 (ten) scattered public elementary
schools. The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of the number of workers, get the factorsthat affect the cost of implementing rehabilitation and renovation of school infrastructure facilities
in Pasuruan Regency, get a regression model of the costs of implementing rehabilitation andrenovation of school infrastructure facilities in Pasuruan District. The data analysis technique used
is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study are work progress reports showing
the use of the number of workers in accordance with the planned, evidenced an increase in theacceleration of work in the period from 6th to 15th week. Factors affecting the cost of implementing
rehabilitation and renovation of school infrastructure in the Pasuruan District are the number ofworkers. Regression model of the cost of implementing rehabilitation and renovation of school
infrastructure facilities in Pasuruan District is Y = ‒ 87,452,639,807 + 50,520,875 X2. The regression
equation shows that the cost of implementing rehabilitation and renovation (Y) is reduced by Rp.
87,452,639,807 if not accompanied by the number of workers (X2). The cost of implementing therehabilitation and renovation of school infrastructure will increase in value by Rp. 50,520,875 if thenumber of workers (X2) increases by 1 person.

125A System Dynamics Approach to Risk Mitigation in Performance-based
Contract Projects
Hanie Teki Tjendani*, Wateno Oetomo , Risma Marleno
Magister Teknik Sipil Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia*hanie_tekitjendani@yahoo.com
The Indonesian government is applying performance-based contracting in few pilot projects as asolution to handle premature deterioration on the national road problems. Nowadays, the deliveryof national road projects mostly applies the conventional system design-bid-build (DBB), namely
the planning, implementation, monitoring, and maintenance of roads are handled by different
stakeholders. The way of contracting out road preservation is based on unit price contracts.
Conversely, Performance-Based Contracts assign minimum conditions of road and traffic facility
that have met by the contractor, such as the management of asset data, mobilize and servicing toemergencies, and reaction to public requests, complaints, and response. Thus, the Indonesian
government has adopted performance-based contracting, a new delivery system that has beensuccessfully implemented in both developing and developed countries. The use of performancebased contracting commenced in 2011 as a pilot project in the construction of five national roads
along west Java, central Java and east Java. In this report, a strategy for the successful
implementation of performance-based contracting in Indonesia using a dynamic system is discussed.
A dynamic system was selected because it does not require many samples. The results of this study
are expected to provide guidance in taking actions to reduce the risks that may occur in theimplementation of performance-based contracting in the future.

A Study on Nitrogen Oxides from Coal and Waste Tires in Different
Proportion of Mixed Burning
Hsueh Chen Shen1, Chitsan Lin2*, Chin Ko Yeh1, Wisanukorn Lukkhasorn2,
Suei Chamg Wu2
1Ph.D. Program in Maritime Science and Technology, College of Maritime, National Kaohsiung

University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
2Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
With the rapid development of industry and lack of energy, various alternative fuels appear. Scrap
tires are a kind of auxiliary fuel with high calorific value in waste recycling. They are commonlyused in power generation or the cement industry, but they are derived from combustion. A large
number of nitrogen oxides will produce acid when exposed to moisture and then form acid rain and126haze, which causes environmental air pollution and damages humans and animals' health. This
study takes a power plant in southern Taiwan as an example. It uses a circulating fluidized bed
boiler with an evaporation capacity of 200 tons per hour (t/h). The combustion temperature is set at
870 °C to 950 °C to record the two-month combustion power generation process. Under different
co-firing ratios of coal and waste tires, monitor the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in theexhaust smoke to find the best fuel co-firing ratio with the lowest NOx emission concentration. The
preliminary results show that the co-firing ratio of waste tires used in power plants is 0 ~ 52%.
When coal is used as fuel (the co-firing ratio is 0%), the maximum NOx emission concentration is
131 ± 16 ppm; when the co-firing ratio is 50%, the emission concentration of ~ 52% of NOx is 93± 3 ppm. Pearson, correlation coefficient analysis, showed that the proportion of waste tires in cofiring and NOx emission concentration is negatively correlated (r = ‒ 0.797, p = 0.000), whichmeans that the proportion of co-firing is high, the NOx emission concentration is lower. In the future,
we will continue to discuss the influence of particle size, air-fuel ratio, stirring, residence time, andeven different furnace temperatures on the production of NOx based on this optimal co-firing ratio.
In addition to improving the efficiency of energy reuse, the results of this study are also expected
to reduce the impact of resource waste reuse on the environment, especially for acid rain, finesuspended particulates, and ozone air quality.

Characteristics of Bottom Ash as Reinforcement of the Polypropylene
Composite
I Made Kastiawan*, I Nyoman Sutantra**, Sutikno***Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi
Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya, Indonesia*madekastiawan@untag-sby.ac.id, **tantra@me.its.ac.id, ***sutikno@me.its.ac.id
Bottom ash particles as reinforcement of polypropylene matrix composites were considered. Dueto the surfaces of the bottom ash particles are angular, irregular and porous, it is an advantage for areinforcement that relies on the interface bond as a mechanical bond. Bottom ash particles were
processed by a simple treatment and without the addition of chemical elements as a coupling agent,that allows one to increase the strength of the composite significantly. The composition was washedtwice, with freshwater and hot water (80 ºC) for 3 hours, and dried in the open space with following
heating at 120 ºC for 3 hours. This treatment had a pretty good impact on bottom ash particles ascomposite reinforcement. Observations on variations in the size of bottom ash particles have foundseveral physical characteristics of bottom ash particles that affect the strength of the composite.
These characteristics were the presence of layers and surface cracks, the level of surface cleanliness,the level of dryness of particles in the result of the treatment, which had an impact on the quality ofcomposites. Composites produce the best value of mechanical properties with particle sizes of 250– 300 mesh. The tensile strength value was 49.39 MPa, and the bending stress was 97.45 MPa.
These values are above the strength of pure polypropylene. These results indicate that the bottom
ash particles are reinforcements.
127

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Analysis of Heated
Aluminum-2042 with Variation of Aging Temperature and Aging Time
Ichlas Wahid*, Maula Nafi
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya*ichlaswahid@untag-sby.ac.id
This study determines the effect of variations in the aging temperatures of 130 ºC, 160 ºC, and 190ºC with aging times of 40 minutes, 80 minutes, and 120 minutes. After the heat treatment process,mechanical properties testing includes hardness test, tensile test, and microstructure study. Material
used in the study is Aluminum 2042. The results of the research show that the highest hardness test
result corresponds to the case without heat treatment and is equal to 82.4 HRB. The lowest hardness
test result is obtained in aluminum 2024 after heat treatment with an aging temperature of 190 °C
and an aging time of 120 minutes and is equal to 67.8 HRB. The highest tensile value of 59.68
kgf/mm2 belongs to aluminum 2024 without heat treatment and the lowest tensile value is obtained
for aluminum 2024 after heat treatment with an aging temperature of 190 ºC and an aging time of
120 minutes and is equal to 40.56 kgf/mm2. The largest average grain size of microstructure isfound for 2024 aluminum after heat treatment with an aging temperature of 190 ºC and an aging
time of 120 minutes; it is equal to 60.47 µm and the smallest average grain size is obtained inaluminum 2024 without heat treatment; it is equal to 42.2 µm. The results of the study showed thataluminum 2024 by being treated with variations in temperature and aging time can reducemechanical properties and can change the grain size of microstructure.

Numerical Analysis of the Dynamic Behaviour of Poroviscoelastic Solids Using
Boundary Element Approach
А. А. Ipatov 1,2*, S. Yu. Litvinchuk1,2
1Research Institute for Mechanics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny

Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Avenue, building 6, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
2Research and Education Mathematical Center “Mathematics for Future Technologies”, Nizhny

Novgorod 603950, Russia*ipatov@mech.unn.ru
Study of wave propagation in saturated porous media is an important issue of engineering sciences.
The poroelasticity theory was developed and nowadays is an important to engineering applications.
However, in addition to the macroscopic effects, there exist many other time-dependent physicalmechanisms. For example, the rock mass itself without ﬂuid can exhibit creep behavior. Thesephenomena can be modeled as apparent viscoelastic mechanisms at the macroscopic level. In thepresent paper, wave propagation poroviscoelastic solids is studied. Moreover, the research is128

dedicated to modeling of a slow compressional wave in poroviscoelastic media by means ofboundary-element method. Poroviscoelastic formulation is based on Biot’s model of fully saturated
poroelastic media with a correspondence principal usage. Standard linear solid model is employed
in order to describe viscoelastic behavior of the skeleton in porous medium. Fundamental andsingular solutions play a key role in BEM, the expressions of which in the case of poroelasticity are
known only in the Laplace domain. The boundary-value problem of the three-dimensional dynamic
poroviscoelasticity is written in terms of Laplace transforms. Direct approach of the boundary
integral equation method is employed. The boundary-element approach is based on the mixed
boundary-element discretization of surface with generalized quadrangular elements. Subsequent
application of collocation method leads to the system of linear equations, and then to the solutionin Laplace domain. Numerical inversion of Laplace transform is used to obtain time-domain
solution. It is known that in porous medium due to the presence of a fluid phase, two kinds ofcompressional waves exist. The first one is similar to an elastic wave, and called a fast wave, witha small amount of attenuation. The second wave is with a much slower propagation speed andhighly dissipative, and is called a slow wave. A problem of a Heaviside-type load acting on a
poroviscoelastic column is considered in order to demonstrate slow wave phenomena. An influenceof permeability of porous material on dynamic responses is studied. The problem of a vertical
Heaviside-type force acting on a halfspace is considered in the case of surface waves investigation,such as Rayleigh. An influence of viscoelastic parameter on dynamic responses of displacements
and pore pressure is demonstrated.
Acknowledgement
The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of education (task 0729-20200054).

Figures of Merit of Novel Piezo-active Lead-free Composites
A. N. Isaeva, V. Yu. Topolov*
Department of Physics, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia*vutopolov@sfedu.ru
In recent years, piezoelectric energy harvesting has received increasing attention with thedevelopment of low-powered electronics, wireless sensor technologies and piezotechnicalapplications. Among piezoelectric materials to be of great interest are composites based on
ferroelectric lead-free single crystals (SCs) [1, 2], and on the connectivity patterns these composites
are mainly of the 1–3- and 2–2-types. To the best of our knowledge, despite the known piezoelectricperformance of a series of the lead-free composites [2, 3], their figures of merit (FOMs) were notyet studied in detail. Moreover, a study is topical because the new (modified) FOMs [4] were put
forward very recently for a more careful characterization of piezoelectrics at the energy conversion
and harvesting under mechanical loading. In the present study, we analyze an influence of theelectromechanical properties of the ferroelectric single-crystal component on the following FOMs
of the lead-free composites:129

(i) electric-field FOM FE = (k33*)4/(Z*)2, where k33* is the longitudinal electromechanical coupling
factor. Z* is the acoustic impedance,(ii) electric-charge FOM FQ = (d33*)2, where d33* is the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient,(iii) voltage FOM (Q33*)2 = d33*g33*, where g33* is the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient,(iv) hydrostatic FOM (Qh*)2 = dh*gh*, where dh* and gh* are hydrostatic piezoelectric coefficients,(v) modified FOM at the applied mechanical stress Fij* = max (dij*)2/[(kij*)2ii*], where max =[(kij*)‒1 – ((kij*)‒2 – 1)1/2]2 is the maximum transmission coefficient, kij* is the electromechanicalcoupling factor, ii* is the dielectric permittivity at stress  = const,(vi) modified FOM at the applied mechanical strain Fij* = max (dij*)2/[(kij*)2ii*sjjE*sjjD*], where sjjE*and sjjD* are elastic compliances at the electric field E = const and electric displacement D = const,
respectively.
In addition to (Q33*)2 and (Qh*)2 from (ii) and (iii), the similar FOMs (Q31*)2 = d31*g31* and (Q32*)2= d32*g32* are introduced for the transverse piezoelectric effect. The FOMs (i) – (vi) are analyzed
for some composites based on ferroelectric alkali niobate – alkali tantalate SCs poled along [001]of the perovskite unit cell. The main connectivity formulae of the composites to be of interest are
1–3–0 SC / porous polymer (including a case of two porosity levels in the polymer matrix), 1–0–3
ferroelectric SC-1 / piezoelectric SC-2 / polymer, and 2–0–2 ferroelectric SC-1 / piezoelectric SC2 / polymer. Hereby large FOM values [e.g. (Q33*)2  10‒10 Pa‒1 and (Qh*)2  50×10‒12 Pa‒1] areachieved in some volume-fraction and porosity ranges, and a large anisotropy [e.g. (Q33*)2/(Q31*)2
 102] is observed due to a composite microgeometry. New diagrams that link the FOMs and volume
fractions of components (or porosity in the polymer medium) are put forward and interpreted interms of the piezoelectric performance of the composite. The studied FOMs are compared to thesimilar parameters of the conventional composites based on PZT-type ceramics, and advantages of
the novel lead-free composites are shown.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] D. Zhou, K. H. Lam, Y. Chen et al. // Sens. a. Actuat. A 182, 95, 2012.
[2] V. Yu. Topolov, C. R. Bowen, A. A. Panich, A. N. Isaeva // Mater. Chem. Phys. 201, 224, 2017.
[3] V. Yu. Topolov, C. R. Bowen, A. N. Isaeva // IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelec., a. Freq. Cont.
65, 1278, 2018.
[4] J. I. Roscow, H. Pearce, H. Khanbareh et al. // Eur. Phys. J. Special Topics 228, 1537, 2019.

130

Multi-layer Thin Film Deposition for High-performance X-ray Field Emission
Characteristics
T. H. Jang1, M. K. Bae1, J. G. Choi2, T.G Kim3*
1Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
2Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan,
3

Korea
Department of Nanomechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea*tgkim@pusan.ac.kr

In order to develop high speed operation FDXS (full digital X-ray source), which has advantages
such as light weight and high-speed operation, the size of X-ray tube should be small and simplified.
The issue of heat emission is one of the problems that needs to be solved in the manufacture of
FDXS, as the size of the X-ray tube is small and generates a lot of heat. Currently, DLC (diamondlike carbon) has excellent characteristics of low friction coefficient and sliding ability, good wear
resistance, high hardness, and is applied to wide variety of areas such as various semiconductor
displays, bio medical field, machinery and materials [1, 2]. By applying the advantage of theexcellent heat emission of DLC, it acts as the back plate of the W layer where field emissions occur
directly, and DLC is expected to be able to perform its role as a heat release device. In this study,
the substrate used for thin film deposition was 100 m thick Sapphire. The highly conductive W
thin film deposition method used DC power, which is characterized by low temperature process
ability, and a PVD (physical vapor deposition) method with high safety and high-quality thin film
advantage. Next, we used RF-CVD (radio frequency chemical vapor deposition) method, whichenables DLC thin film deposition at low temperature and enables excellent throughput. Based on
the substrate, deposition was carried out in the form of a multilayer structure consists of W and
DLC thin films. The thickness and shape of each layer was analyzed by SEM (scanning electron
microscope) and then we discussed the field emission.
References[1] Li F., Zhang S., Kong J., Zhang Y., Zhang W. // Thin Solid Films, 519(15), 4910-4916, 2011.
[2] Alawajji R. A., Kannarpady G. K., Nima Z. A., Kelly N., Watanabe F., Biris A. S. // Applied
Surface Science, 437, 429-440, 2018.

131

Experimental Study on Mechanical Properties of Sandwich Composites with
Integrating Auxetic-core Structure Using FDM 3D PrinterJeong-Hyo Hong1, Tianyu yu1, Soo-Jeong Park2, Yun-Hae Kim1,2*
1Department of Marine Equipment Engineering, Graduate School, Korea Maritime and Ocean
2

University, 727 Taejong-ro, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea†yunheak@kmou.ac.kr

Sandwich composites are being used in various industries for light-weight and high mechanicalproperties. In particular, the hexagonal honeycomb core is mainly used in the aerospace industry.
However, comparing with a conventional hexagonal honeycomb core, auxetic core-structure
possesses many superior properties such as shear resistance, fracture resistance, and energy
absorption. In this respect, this study proposes integrating auxetic core-structure to improve themechanical properties of sandwich composites further to prevent various damage. The integrationof auxetic core-structure was manufactured of carbon fiber using a 3D printer of the Fused
Deposition Modeling (FDM) type. Then, sandwich panels were fabricated using an integrated
auxetic core and hexagonal core structure, and mechanical properties were compared.
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (No. 20005403), funded by the
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).

MgF2 Nanoparticle coating to Improve the Efficiency of Light Hazard in
DSLR Cameras
Jeong Wan Kim1, Mun Ki Bae1, Tae Gyu Kim2*
1Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
2Department of Nanomechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea*tgkim@pusan.ac.kr
The transmission properties of the antireflection (AR) coating depend on the wavelength of the lightused, the refractive index of the substrate, the refractive index of the thin film, the coating thickness
and the incident angle of the light. In this study, MgF2 nanoparticles were coated on a DSLR lensby spin coating. The nanoparticle coating serves to reduce the harmfulness of the imaging surface
by reducing the light reflectance of the aspherical lens and increasing the absorption rate. The sizeof the prepared MgF2 nanoparticles was analyzed by FESEM, and the particles were very fine at 10
μm or less. The crystal growth and crystallization of MgF2 nanoparticles had a great influence over
the autoclave heat treatment conditions and time, and ion crystals such as fluoride crystallized well132

even at relatively low temperatures. When the sol solution was not heat treated, the refractive index
of the film was measured as equal to 1.40, and during autoclave heat treatment, an antireflection
film having a low refractive index was formed. The crystal grains formed at this time were produced
as a porous film having a certain ratio of nano porous between particles. In the case of coating MgF2
with a porous film having nano porous, a disadvantage in that the mechanical strength of the film
was lowered was generated, and the adhesion was improved by using a SiO2 binder while
maintaining a low refractive index. At this time, the adhesion strength according to the presence orabsence of SiO2 binding was measured by a nano-scratch tester. Therefore, in this study, the MgF2based antireflection coating layer having a refractive index of 1.26 was first deposited, and secondly,
SiO2 binder was used as a binder between pores to enhance mechanical properties. In the result ofapplying this coating film to a DSLR aspheric lens, it was confirmed that the coating hazard of theimaging surface was improved by about 30%.

Corrosion Mechanism and Degradation Behaviour of Basalt Fiber Reinforced
Composites in Sulfuric Acid Solution
Jin-Cheol Ha1*, Soo-Jeong Park2, Yun-Hae Kim2**
1College of Engineering, Dali University, No. 2 Hongsheng Road, Dali, Yunan, P.R. China
2Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea*chnhjc@naver.com; **yunheak@kmou.ac.kr
Basalt fiber reinforced composites were treated with a sulfuric acid solution for different periods
and concentrations. The strength, oxidation-reduction potential, Young’s modulus of thecomposites were examined, and fracture energy was calculated after the treatment. The fracturesurfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray. In
general, the tensile strengths and Young’s modulus of the sulfuric acid solution treated samples
showed a decreasing trend with treating times and concentrations. However, after 500 hours oftreatment time, the tensile strengths and Young’s modulus showed an increasing trend. Based on
the experimental results, possible corrosion mechanisms were explored, indicating that the weightof the Fe, Si, Ca element content in the basalt fiber could improve resistance to environmental
degradation of the basalt fiber reinforced composites in a sulfuric acid solution.

133

Planar Multitip Field Emission Nanostructures
I.L. Jityaev*, A.M. Svetlichnyi, A.S. Kolomiitsev, G.D. Gavrishchakin, A.I. Kovalets
Southern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Electronic
Equipment Engineering, Taganrog, 347922 Russia*izhityaev@sfedu.ru
Improving the performance of the element base has several difficulties. This is due to technologicaland physical limitations in the manufacture of the element base. The use of field emission
nanostructures implies an increase in the operating speed of electronic devices. Carbon
nanomaterials are used to increase the stability and durability of field emission structures. In thiswork, the material of the field emission cathode is based on graphene films obtained on the surfaceof silicon carbide. Increasing the power of nanoscale field emission elements is possible by using
blade cathodes or arrays of pointed nanostructures [1]. At the same time, it is necessary to take into
account the destabilizing factors that may arise during the emission process. It is possible tominimize the destruction processes of a nanoscale field emission cathode of a matrix shape at thedesign stage. It is important to consider the processes of local amplification of the electric field andstrive for its homogeneity near the emitting surface. The aim of this report is to study a nanoscale
field emission cell containing a multitip cathode based on graphene films on silicon carbide. The
paper simulates the distribution of the electric field strength in the interelectrode space of a planarnanoscale field emission cell. The influence of the distance between the planar tips in the array andthe interelectrode distance on the uniformity of the electric field strength at the emitting surface isstudied. The interelectrode distance was studied in the range from 50 to 100 nm, and the distance
between the tips in the array varied from 100 to 200 nm. We obtained pictures of the electric fieldstrength distribution. Theoretical dependences of the electric field strength at different fieldemission cell parameters were obtained. The simulation results confirmed the presence of a local
increase in the electric field strength at the edge tips of the array. The theoretical dependences madeit possible to determine the minimum parameters of the distance between the tips in the array andthe interelectrode distance with uniformity of the electric field strength at the emitting surface ofeach tip. It was found that the minimum distance between the tips in the array changes from 130 to
160 nm in the considered range of interelectrode distance.
Acknowledgement
This work was funded by the Grant of the President of the Russian Federation for state support ofyoung Russian scientists - candidates of sciences (Project No. MK-1811.2019.8).
References[1] Jityaev I.L., Svetlichnyi A.M. // Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Nanotechnology
and Microelectronics, 37, 012201, 2019.

134

Matrix Blade Field Emission Cathodes
I.L. Jityaev*, A.M. Svetlichnyi, A.S. Kolomiitsev, A.I. Kovalets, G.D. GavrishchakinSouthern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Electronic
Equipment Engineering, Taganrog, 347922, Russia*izhityaev@sfedu.ru
Nanoscale field emission cathodes are promising for nanoelectronics application. Reducing the sizeof the field emission cell to nanometers helps to reduce the threshold voltage. It is important to take
into account the effect of the geometrical dimensions of the nanoscale field emission cell and emittermaterials on the field emission characteristics. The use of nanocarbon materials is expedientbecause they are characterized by high electrical and thermal conductivity, as well as high resistanceto ion bombardment. In this report, we consider the design of a field emission cathode consistingof an array of blade cathodes. An increase in the emission surface due to the use of multiemitter
field emission blade cathodes promotes an increase in the emission current. However, the negative
impact of the destruction processes of the blade edge imposes some restrictions on the operatingtime of the emitter, as well as on the stability of its characteristics. This is due to the local
concentration of the electric field and cathode temperature [1]. The study evaluates the influence ofthe cathode density in the array and the interelectrode distance on the uniformity of the electric fieldstrength at the emitting surface. The blades are made of silicon carbide with a multilayer graphenefilm on the surface. Multilayer graphene film is formed by thermal decomposition of silicon carbide
in vacuum. By etching the field emission cathodes with nanometer accuracy is ensured by using themethod of focused ion beams [2]. An increase in the distance between the blade emitters in thematrix of more than 100 nm at the interelectrode distance of 100 nm makes it possible to achieve
the same value of the electric field strength at the emitting surface. The electric field strength at theouter corners of the blades in the matrix exceeds the value in the flat section by more than 3 times.
The dependence of the electric field strength at the blade angles on the distance between theelectrodes is nonlinear.
Acknowledgement
This work was funded by the Grant of the President of the Russian Federation for state support ofyoung Russian scientists - candidates of sciences (Project No. MK-1811.2019.8).
References[1] Jityaev I.L., Svetlichnyi A.M. // Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Nanotechnology
and Microelectronics, 37, 012201, 2019.
[2] Kolomiytsev A.S., Jityaev I.L., Svetlichnyi A.M., Fedotov A.A., Ageev O.A. // Diamond andRelated Materials 108, 107969, 2020.

135

Optical Properties of Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 (SBN-61) Films Depending on Their
Thickness
S.V. Kara-Murza1*, K.M. Zhidel2, N.V. Korchikova1, Yu.V. Tekhtelev1, A.V. Pavlenko3
A.G. Silcheva1
1Lugansk Taras Shevchenko State University, Lugansk, Ukraine
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3
Federal Research Center The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2*skaramurza@gmail.com
The properties of the films of Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6 (SBN-61) composition were studied byspectrophotometry and ellipsometry methods. The films were deposited by HF cathode atomizationin oxygen atmosphere on single-crystal substrates of MgO with orientation (001). The time ofdeposition was 5 min, 10 min, and 115 min. The transmission spectra were measured in the
wavelength range of 300–800 nm using a Shimadzu UV-50 spectrophotometer. In order todetermine the thickness of the films and to perform a detailed study of their surface, ellipsometricmeasurements were performed using a multi-angle reflective ellipsometer at a wavelength of 632.8
nm helium-neon laser. To determine the optical parameters of the films, we used a two-layer modelof the surface, including a base transparent layer with a thickness d 0 with a refractive index n anda disturbed layer with effective parameters def and nef . The effective refractive index of the surfaceof the damaged layer was recalculated into the coefficient of volumetric filling with the material ofthe damaged layer. Spectral measurements of optical transmittance made it possible to find thedispersion of the refractive index of an ordinary ray no , which for all studied films is consistent
with the data presented in the literature for crystals. Ellipsometry data show that the measurement
results are independent of the plane of incidence of the probe beam. These results are confirmed by
X-ray diffraction analysis, according to which all films are heteroepitaxially grown, and the natural
growth direction of 001 coincides with the direction of the с-axis of the SBN-61 structure. In
addition, it was found that the parameter с of the films is somewhat larger compared to a single
crystal, and it increases with decreasing film thickness. It should be noted that the accuracy ofellipsometric measurements does not make it possible to reliably determine the influence of theparameter с and, therefore, the contribution of anisotropy to the results. Nevertheless, the results ofellipsometric measurements of films of various thicknesses are of interest from the viewpoint of theformation of a surface disturbed layer. Table 1 shows the results obtained by ellipsometry for all
three SBN-61 films.
Table 1
Sputtering Film thickness, Refractive
Disturbed layer
Volumetric factor oftime, t, min d0, nm
index, nfilling out
def, nm
nef
5
10
115

29
47
623

2.3
2.3
2.31

5
5
8
136

1.65
1.65
1.47

0.6
0.6
0.45

A decrease in the refractive index of the thin films is associated possibly with an increase in theanisotropy parameter с and its influence on an increase in the unit cell volume; it leads to a decreasein the refractive index n. Of particular interest in the results obtained is the large thickness of the
disturbed layer in the thickest film, which is due, in our opinion, to the peculiarity of their growth(Volmer-Weber mechanism).
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of theRussian Federation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal
University, 2020).

Investigation of the Dependence of the Velocity of SAW Propagation under
FeNi Films, Located on Lithium Niobate Substrates, on Magnetic Field
G.Ya. Karapetyan1*, V.E. Kaydashev2, M.E. Kutepov1, T.A. Minasyan1, V.A. Kalinin3, V.O.
Kislitsyn3, E.M. Kaidashev1
1

Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Southern Federal University,
200/1, Stachki, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russi.
2Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology,
9, Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russia
3LLC STC “RUS”, 199178, Saint-Petersburg, Maly Ave., V. I. 54, Built 5, Russia*jorichkaka@yandex.ru
The propagation of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) under the thin-film piezo-magnetic structureof FeNi/ZnO/LiNbO3 was studied. FeNi magnetostrictive films were obtained by pulsed laser
deposition with a ZnO sublayer on the surface of lithium niobate. The deposition was carried out
from a target of the FeNi alloy with a percentage of iron and Nickel of 2:1, the thickness of The
FeNi film was equal to 500 nm, and the ZnO sublayer was 250 nm. The length of the film was 4mm. A special setup was also developed to measure the effect of magnetic on the SAW propagation
velocity (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1

Fig. 2This setup allowed measuring the SAW velocity in YX/128 lithium niobate substrates, which were
coated with a FeNi film. This substrate was pressed against two substrates located on the both side137

of this substrate. This allowed SAW propagation from one substrate to another due to the SAW is
accompanied by an electric field in the piezoelectric, which excites the SAW in the substrate towhich it pressed. Excitation and reception of SAWs in the substrates to which the substrate with thefilm is pressed were carried out using interdigital transducers (IDT). The magnetic field was excitedusing a copper bus with a width of 1 cm and a thickness of 0.3 mm, through which a current was
passed in the range of 1 – 10 A, which allowed one to obtain a magnetic field induction of up to
0.02 T. The phase of the transmission coefficient (parameter S21) was measured using the Obzor304 device. Fig. 2 shows the phase shift at the current in the bus with 1 A in respect to the casewhen there is no current in the bus (no magnetic field). This method of investigation differs fromthe method of investigation proposed in [1], where it is necessary to excite the SAW directly using
IDT. In [2], we proposed the concept of monitoring multiple SAW reflections by Fourier transformof the frequency response (S21) to increase the sensitivity of UV sensors. The proposed approach
can be used to increase the sensitivity of SAW of magnetic field sensors based on the thin-film
piezo-magnetic structure FeNi/ZnO/LiNbO3.
Reference[1] Jie Tong, Yang Wang, Shiyue Wang, Wen Wang,Yana Ji, Xinlu Liu, // Appl. Sci., 7, 755, 2017[2] G. Y. Karapetyan, V. E. Kaydashev, T. A. Minasyan, D. A. Zhilin, K. G. Abdulvakhidov, E.
M. Kaidashev // Smart Materials and Structures, 26, 035029, 2017.

SAW Current Sensor with FeNi Film
G.Ya. Karapetyan1*, M.E. Kutepov1, V.A. Kalinin2, V.O. Kislitsyn2, E.M. Kaidashev1
1Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Southern Federal University,
200/1, Stachki, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2LLC STC “RUS”, Maly av., V. I. 54, built 5, Saint-Petersburg, 199178, Russia*jorichkaka@yandex.ru
In a current-conducting bus with a width b = 8 cm and a thickness a = 5 mm, the magnetic fieldstrength is H = 10/0.08 = 125 A/m =1.56 Oe at a current of 10 A, and H = 15.6 Oe at a current of
100 A. As shown in [1] for a magnetic field sensor based on FeNi films, the change in the SAW
velocity ∆V/V = 0.007% (1/15000), when the magnetic field strength is changed by 10 Oe. This isquite enough to noticeably change the ripples on the frequency dependence of parameter S11 in thesensor design shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1. Design of the current sensor and its location on the conducting bus

138

Fig. 2. Calculated dependence of parameter S11 on the magnetic field at 433.49 MHz; the length of themagnetosensitive film is equal to 1000 SAW lengths at the central frequency

The sensor is a SAW delay line, which has three interdigital transducers (IDTs), and between the
middle and end IDT, FeNi film is located, which leads to a dependence of the SAW velocity on themagnetic field magnitude, and, consequently, of the current in the bus. When a reading signal isapplied to the middle IDT, the SAWs excited by it are reflected from the end IDTs. Since, the end
IDTs are located at different distances from the central IDT, it leads to the ripples of the frequency
dependence of S11 parameter, which will depend on current changes because the SAW phase will
depend on the SAW speed, which changes under the influence of a magnetic field. That is, for a
fixed frequency, the amplitude changes on the frequency dependence of the S11 parameter. Fig. 2
shows the calculation of the change in the amplitude of parameter S11 at a frequency of 433.29 MHz
when the magnetic field strength changes from 0 to 40 Oe, which corresponds to a change in themagnetic field induction from 0 to 0.004 T. From Fig. 2, it can be seen that the amplitude of theparameter S11 will change noticeably even for fields of 1 – 2 Oe, which correspond to the magnetic
field strength on the bus equal to 10 – 20 A. Then this means that such a magnetic field sensor canbe installed on the bus without any magnetic cores, which will greatly simplify and reduce the costof the magnetic field sensor.
Reference[1] Jie Tong, Yang Wang, Shiyue Wang, Wen Wang,Yana Jia, Xinlu Liu // Appl. Sci. 7, 755, 2017.

Effect of Pitch Difference and Root Radius on Anti-loosening Performance ofBolt Nut Connections
R. Kawano*, B. Wang, N.A. Noda, Y. Sano, X. Liu, Y. Inui, B. Siew
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan*kawano.ryo621@mail.kyutech.jp
Bolt nut connections are widely used in the industry. To ensure the safety of structures, both goodanti-loosening performance and high fatigue are needed. In previous studies, it has been proven thatby enlarging the root radii of bolt nut connections or introducing a pitch difference between the bolt
and the nut, the fatigue life can be improved significantly. Based on this, in this study, the antiloosening performance of the root enlarged bolt nut connections are studied. The prevailing torque139

and the loosening process of M16 bolt nut connections are simulated by FEM analysis. It is foundthat even though the anti-loosening performance of the bolt nut connections decreases, introducing
suitable pitch differences improves the anti-loosening performance compared to a common bolt nut
connection.

Synthetic Ethyl Alcohol Synthesis Technology
M.I. Kazmenko, D. D. Fugarov*, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Synthetic ethyl alcohol is an alcohol from refining gases [1]. Oil is the third, most important raw
material for alcohol production. When oil is heated (this is carried out at large oil refineries), a
number of fractions are successively separated from it, namely gasoline, kerosene, naphtha, etc. [2].
These fractions are a mixture of light hydrocarbons. In the residue, heavy fuel oil is obtained. Inorder to increase the production of gasoline, which was urgently demanded by the rapidly
developing automotive industry and aviation based on the use of internal combustion engines, oil
is began to undergo special processing [3]. This processing associated with the use of hightemperatures and pressures is called pyrolysis or cracking, depending on the conditions of theprocess [4]. Nowadays, when oil cracking and pyrolysis have been greatly developed in many
countries, Butlerov's reaction has been carried out on an industrial scale. Hundreds of thousands oftons of alcohol are obtained from ethylene from refining gases. This is alcohol from oil. To obtainit, the cost of food raw materials is not required and therefore the production of such alcohol has
unlimited development prospects [5].
References[1] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[2] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[3] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[4] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[5] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.

140

Features of the BST/Ln-Ceramic Microstructure
S. V. Khasbulatov1,2*, A. V. Nagaenko1, L. A. Shilkina1, E. V. Glazunova1,
S. I. Dudkina1, I. A. Verbenko1, L. A. Reznichenko1, N.A. Boldyrev1
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia*said_vahaevich@mail.ru
Microstructures of (Ba, Sr)TiO3 system ceramics with Ln modifier were studied. It is shown thatregardless of the type of input modifiers, the grain landscape of solid solutions with different
amounts of SrTiO3 decreases to the size of crystallites not exceeding (2 – 3) microns, and compacted.
In the initial system the average grain size at x = 0.20 is equal to 6 m; at x = 0.50, it is 4 m; at x
= 0.80 it is 18 m. And the use of mechanoactivating procedures leads to an even greater reductionin the size and density of ceramics, and an increase in the concentration of modifiers in eachgroup (within the considered limits of dopant variation) against the background of such a finegrained structure has little effect on the dynamics of changes. Observed phenomena can be
explained by the introduction of the large size of the rare-earth elements (REEs). It often leads tothe transformation of ceramics symmetry with x = 0.20 from tetragonal to cubic, the phase changeof solid solutions with x = 0.50 – shear on the phase diagram in the initial stage of spinodal
decomposition or in the metastable region, the defective development of the situation in ceramics
with x = 0.80. All these factors contribute to reducing spontaneous cell deformation, easing internal
stresses in ceramics and, as a result, facilitating diffusion processes and mass transfer during
recrystallization. It often leads to the increase of . However, this does not happen: in contrast to
the traditional inverse dependence (), we observe a symbiotic behavior of these characteristics.
The reason, probably, is that with very small distortions of the structure or in their practical absence(cubic phases), conditions are created for the simultaneous appearance of several recrystallized
centers – the embryos of a new grain structure with a naturally reduced mass capacity, which in the
future at the stage of grain growth "forced" to provide a smallness of their size. In the case ofmodification of ceramics with small-sized REEs, they replace the basic elements in very small
quantities (limited solubility) with the loss of ballast phases, which act as catalysts forrecrystallization processes that provoke multicluster grain structure at the primary stage of its
formation and, as described above, contribute to its grinding.
Acknowledgement
The research was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher
Education of the Russian Federation (State task in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal
University, 2020).

141

On the Dependence of the Curie Temperature of Solid Solutions of the
BST/REE System on the Chemical Composition and Position on the Phase
DiagramS. V. Khasbulatov1,2*, L. A. Shilkina1, S. I. Dudkina1,
I. A. Verbenko1, L. A. Reznichenko1, N.A. Boldyrev1
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia*said_vahaevich@mail.ru
Dielectric spectra of solid solutions (1 – x)BaTiO3 – x SrTiO3 (x = 0.20; 0.50; 0.80), modified byrare earth elements (REEs), in the frequency range (20 – 106) Hz (BST/REE) were studied. It isfound that regardless of type of introduced into the system modifier the Curie temperature (TC) of
ceramics with x = 0.20 shifts towards to the low temperature region by ~ 80 – 100 deg., in ceramics
with x = 0.50 it practically does not change its position (T = 0), and in solid solutions with x =0.80, TC shifts towards higher temperatures by ~ 170 deg. It can be explained by the greater mobilityof ceramic structures with x = 0.20 and x = 0.80 compared to ceramics with x = 0.50 due to theirproximity to morphotropic regions and spinodals of the BST system. Moreover, in the first case,with small amounts of Sr and modifiers in the structure, it is likely that a crystal-chemical disorderis formed, which contributes to a decrease in its stability and, as a result, a decrease in TC. In
ceramics with x = 0.80, it would seem that the situation is similar due to the small content of Ba andmodifiers. However, in this case, the TC increases, which may be the result of a very small (1.0mol. %) amount (4 times less than in the first case) of the introduced dopants, which, probably, in
addition to A-positions, mainly occupy vacant places in the perovskite structure (always available
in this family), making it more resistant to various external influences, including chemical(isomorphic substitutions). The fact that the TC position in ceramics is unchanged with x = 0.50 may
indicate its high stability, most likely due to equal amounts of structure-forming componentstitanates, barium and strontium, and, as a result, the parity role of each of these compounds in theformation of chemical bonds. Moreover, these samples are located almost in the center of a singlephase (pseudocubic) region, equidistant from the morphotropic regions formed in the system. Thus,
the position of the samples on the phase diagram of the BST system and the number of modifiers
entered have a decisive influence on the shift of the Vehicle in the modified ceramics of the BST
system.
Acknowledgement
The research was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher
Education of the Russian Federation (State task in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal
University, 2020).

142

A Study on the Removal of Paint and Oxide Layer on the Steel Surface
by Laser Beam Scanning Method
J.E. Kima, M. K. Songb, M. S. Hanc, J.D. Kimd*
aOcean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University,bBusan, Republic of Korea
Laser Advanced Machining Support Center, Korea Maritime and Ocean University,
Busan, Republic of Korea
cDaewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd., Busan, Republic of Korea
dDivision of Marine Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University,
Busan, Republic of Korea*jdkim@kmou.ac.kr

This study is aimed to develop eco-friendly pretreatment technology and surface cleaning
technology for designing the smart yard, and conducted a study to replace the existing technology
based on manual work, which has problems in terms of worker safety and environment, with laser
cleaning technology [1 – 3]. The cleaning characteristics of the antifouling paint and oxide layer on
the steel surface were analyzed according to the laser beam scanning method, which is the mainprocess parameter. In the result of the experiment, the line beam pattern of the stage movement
method showed a difference in the amount of heat input for the cleaning area. On the other hand, it
was confirmed that the square area beam pattern of the galvano scanner movement method has
uniform cleaning characteristics throughout. This study should be helpful to develop the ecofriendly surface cleaning technology for designing the smart yard by showing that laser cleaning
technology can precisely remove not only the paint but also the oxide layer on the steel surface.
References[1] Ji-Eon Kim, Myoung-Soo Han, Jong-Do Kim // Modern Physics Letters B, 34, 2040042, 2020.
[2] Guangxing Zhang, Xueming Hua, Ye Huang, Yuelong Zhang, Fang Li, Chen Shen, Jian Cheng //Applied Surface Science, 506, 144666, 2020.
[3] Guodong Zhu, Shouren Wang, Wei Cheng, Yuan Ren, Daosheng Wen //Optics and Laser
Technology, 132, 106475, 2020.

143

Comparison of Weldability of Laser and Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding for Ship
Manufacturing Using Environmentally Friendly Aluminum Alloys
J.S. Kima, J.D. Kimb*
aKorea Marine Equipment Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
bDivision of Marine Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University,

Busan, Republic of Korea*jdkim@kmou.ac.kr
Since aluminum alloy is recyclable, it is considered as an environmentally friendly material for
cruise, fishing boats, yachts, etc. The aluminum alloy 5083 of the 5000 series is an Al-Mg alloy thatmaintains mechanical strength through the solid solution strengthening effect of the Mg alloy. Thus,
it has the highest strength among the non-thermal treatment alloys. Therefore, aluminum alloy 5083
with high strength is applicable to almost all parts of an aluminum ship, such as side of the ship,
external board of ship bottom, rip plate, separating panel, rib, engine pedestal, operational room
funnel, deck, and bulwark. However, when laser welding 5000 series aluminum alloys, the Mg isselectively evaporated by welding heat due to low melting and vaporization points, resulting in a
reduction in strength of welds. Therefore, laser welding application is difficult to because laser
welding of 5000 series aluminum alloy results in such a reduction in strength [1, 2]. In this study,
laser and laser-arc hybrid welding were performed on 8 mm-thick aluminum alloy 5083 sheets andtheir weldabilities were compared and the effects of alloying elements on weldability were
examined.
References[1] M. Mazar // Optik, 127, 6782-6804, 2016.
[2] Dongsheng Wu // International Journal of Heat Transfer, 113, 730-740, 2017.

Prospects for the Use of Hydroacoustic Tools Based on Nonlinear Interactionof Acoustic Waves in Underwater Archaeology
I.A. Kirichenko1*, I.B. Starchenko2
1Southern Federal University, Taganrog, 347922, Russia
2Parametrika LCC, Taganrog, 347902, Russia*ikirichenko@sfedu.ru
The shallow water environment is one of the most dynamic elements, including coastal zones
subject to rapid sedimentary flows and a significant focus for human activity throughout history.
Coastal zones are characterized by shallow water, strong waves, strong currents and a large tidal
range, as well as the presence of shallow gas, which can severely restrict the penetration of sound.
As a result, such areas are rarely explored, which is unfortunate, since it is known that the land-sea
144

transition areas are rich in archaeological features. Obtaining information about the bottom structure
requires the use of tools that are used to emit an acoustic signal with a specific physical parameter,
such as output power, signal frequency, and signal duration. Typical frequencies of such acoustic
systems are in the range from 10 to 200 kHz. Currently, a new class of underwater acoustics
equipment is being developed, namely active location hydroacoustic devices with parametric arrays
and transducers. The narrow beam pattern of the parametric array allows one to significantly
increase the accuracy and angular resolution at short and medium distances of modern sonar devices,such as profilers. The absence of side lobes combined with a narrow directivity minimizes (often
almost completely eliminates it) reverberation interference from the sea surface and bottom, whichmakes it possible to create precision sonar devices based on parametric arrays for marinearchaeological work. In order to consider the parametric method of acoustic radiation formation, it
is necessary to briefly consider the physical foundations of nonlinear acoustics, since many physicalphenomena in the process of acoustic wave propagation cannot be described linearly. Suchphenomena include cavitation, radiation force, and a number of others. Based on the results of amethodology for the evaluation of energy parameters of acoustic wave propagation, the technicalcharacteristics of profiler can be assessed, such as operating frequency range, the energy potential
in the given hydrological conditions, the parameters of the transmitted signal, including the signal
duration and sounding period, noise conditions, the acoustic properties of bottom sediments, which
will significantly expand the use of hydroacoustic tools in the interests of underwater archaeology.
Acknowledgement
The reported study was funded by RFBR and ASA according to the research project No. 19-5240005.

Buckling Load Analysis of Single Stage and Multistage Hydraulic Cylinder by
Successive Approximation Method
Kirtan K. Sahu*, Vijay K. Gupta
PDPM IIITDM Jabalpur, India*1913615@iiitdmj.ac.in
Stability plays an important role in the structural analysis of the column. The hydraulic cylinder
behaves as a structural member or column, which is subjected to axial loading. One of the major
failure modes in the hydraulic cylinder is a buckling failure, which occurs due to instability. As theload increases, the instability also increases. For higher slenderness ratio, instability is more ascompare to the lower slenderness ratio. Various theories like Euler, Rankine and Johnson theories
have been developed for the uniform column, which has the constant flexural rigidity throughout
the length. The flexural rigidity of the hydraulic cylinder changes constantly for the length of thecylinder and the rod. These theories are not suitable to solve the variable flexural rigidity columns.
In this work, a successive approximation method and energy method have been developed for the
single stage and a multistage hydraulic cylinder to determine the critical buckling load. The resultof the buckling load by successive approximation method is compared with the result of the finite
element method. The conjugate beam is used to derive the displacement and slope of the real beam.
145

It is an imaginary beam, which has the same dimension as the dimension of the real beam. The loadat the conjugate beam is the moment divided by flexural rigidity (i.e. M/EI) of the real beam. The
shear force of the conjugate beam is the slope of the real beam, and the bending moment of the
conjugate beam is the deflection of the real beam. The pin-pin end hydraulic cylinder is assumed asa conjugate beam to determine the buckling load. The change in the flexural rigidity of the hydrauliccylinder complicates it. The successive approximation method is used to derive the buckling loadof a uniform column with the help of a conjugate beam. This method is an iterative method, which
is used to determine the buckling load in the case, when the exact solution is unknown orcomplicated. The successive approximation method gives the accurate result as well as it also gives
the lower and upper bound of the buckling load.

Fig. 1. (a) Real uniform beam with deflection curve; Fig. 2. (a) Real beam of hydraulic cylinder with(b) conjugate uniform beam with variable load
deflection curve; (b) conjugate beam of hydrauliccylinder with variable load

A parabolic deflection curve is assumed for the uniform buckled beam. With the help of thisassumed deflection curve the bending moment is calculated in the term of axial load. The new
calculated deflection equation can be obtained by the conjugate beam method, and it is equated withthe original assumed deflection curve at any section along the length of the beam, which gives theequation of the critical load. To obtain the accurate value of the critical load, the procedure isrepeated. Using the average value of the deflection can reduce the value of the error. The lower andupper bound of the critical load is obtained by the ratio of two consecutive deflections. The assumed
deflection curve for the uniform conjugate beam:y1 =Reaction forces due to a fictitious load

M

=

4𝐿𝛿1
(𝐿 − 𝑥)
𝐿
Py1

(1)

:

P𝑙𝛿1
P𝑙𝛿1
R1 =
and R2 =
𝐸𝐼
𝐸𝐼

(2)

Py1
(x − 𝑥)
𝐸𝐼 1(3)

The fictitious bending moment in the conjugate beam:
y2 = R1 𝑥 −

146

y2 =

P𝑙𝛿1 𝑥
2𝑥
𝑥
1−
+
3𝐸𝐼
𝐿
𝐿

(4)

The critical load will be calculated by equating the deflection y1 and y2 at x = L/2 along the lengthof the beam:y1= 𝛿1 and y2

The calculated buckling load:

PCr =

(5)

48EI 9.6EI
=
5𝐿
𝐿

(6)

𝜋 EI 9.869EI
=
𝐿
𝐿

(7)

PCr =

Euler buckling load:=𝛿

Lower bound and upper bound of the critical load can be calculated by putting x = 0 and x = L/2
in the ratio of deflection curve:

y1
y2

y1
(𝐿 − 𝑥)
12EI=
y2
P 𝐿 − 2𝑥 𝐿 + 𝑥
y1
9.6EI
12EI
=
and
=
𝐿
y2
𝐿
9.6EI
12EI
< PCr <
𝐿
𝐿

(8)
(9)
(10)

The critical buckling load in successive approximation method is 2.7 % smaller than the Euler
buckling load. The error can be reduced by equating the average value of y1-deflection to theaverage value of y2-deflection.
References[1] S. Timoshenko, J.M. Gere. Theory of Elastic Stability. Pdf, 1963.
[2] Gamez-Montero P. J., Salazar E., Castilla R., Freire J., Khamashta M., Codina E. // Int. J. Mech.
Sci., 51(2), 105–113, 2009.
[3] Pinarbasi S. // J. Mech. Mater. Struct., 7(5), 2012.
[4] Pinarbasi S., Okay F., Akpinar E., Erdogan H. // Math. Probl. Eng., 858906, 2013.
[5] Zdravković N., Gašić M., Savković M., // FME Trans., 41(3), 222–229, 2013.
[6] Ramasamy V., Junaid Basha A. M., “// Def. Sci. J., 68(2), 167–174, 2018.
[7] Jatin P., Aniket N., Kankar P. K., Gupta V. K., Jain P. K., Ravindra T., Vinayak N., Ismail M.,
Estimation of Load Carrying Capacity for Pin-Mounted Hydraulic Cylinders, Springer, Singapore,
2019.
[8] Prakash, J., Gupta, S. K., Kankar, P. K. // Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part C, J. Mech. Eng. Sci.,
234(19), 3919–3934, 2020.

147

Nanoscale Carbon Cells with Gas and Gas Mixture Detection
V.S. Klimin, A.A. Rezvan*, T.A. Zubova
Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Electronic Equipment Engineering,Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia*arezvan@sfedu.ru
The development of science and technology in the field of carbon nanostructures formation hasreached great heights. There are a huge number of different techniques for obtaining these materials,
ranging from mechanical exfoliation to laser stimulated deposition [1 – 3]. However, the mostfavorable from the viewpoint of the quality of obtained structure is still plasma chemical vapor
deposition (PECVD), due to which it is possible to vary parameters of both – deposition process
and structure’s topology without presence of defect formation in the formed micro- andnanoelectronics element. The main idea of this report is formation of a gas sensor based on carbon
nanostructures using plasma chemical deposition from gas phase. To perform, we chose Si (100)plates, surface of which was subjected to standard chemical treatment processes. Next, Ni was used
to form contact layers, which were simultaneously applied to several Si wafers, by magnetron
sputtering. Thereby, an upper and lower electrode were obtained for our gas detection device. A
carbon nanostructure was formed on one of the plates by plasma chemical vapor deposition.
Acetylene was used as carbon containing gas, and Ar was used to transport it to the substrate surface.
As a result, it was determined that the fabricated model of a gas sensor based on a sensitive element
consisting of a carbon nanosystem is sensitive to acceptor NO2 gas molecules and NH3, CO gas
donor molecules, H2O pairs with varying degrees of concentration-dependent sensitivity. According
to the experimental estimates for CH4, CO2, CO, at a working temperature of 300 K and aconcentration of 0.01 mol/liter, the sensitivity was 63, 135, 5468, respectively, the response time
was 0.1 sec; recovery time 1.0 sec.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Grant of the President of the Russian Federation
No. МК-3512.2019.8. The results were obtained using the equipment of the Research and
Education Center and Center for Collective Use "Nanotechnologies" of Southern Federal
University.
Reference[1] Klimin V.S., Rezvan A.A., Ageev O.A. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1124(2),022035, 2018.
[2] Klimin V.S., Rezvan A.A., Ageev O.A. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series,1124(7), 071020, 2018.
[3] Nagase M., Nakamatsu K., Matsui S., Namatsu H. // Journal of Applied Phys. 44(7), 5409,
2005.

148

Molecular Dynamic Simulations of Sapphire Deformation Behavior
Yu. V. Klunnikova*, M. V. Anikeev
Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia*jklunnikova@rambler.ru

Sapphire has a number of desirable chemical, electrical, mechanical, optical surface, thermal, anddurability properties that make it an attractive material for a wide range of applications. Manyexperiments have been carried out before to evaluate its properties and determine some atomic
reaction during the loading. Computational approaches are extensively used to explore various
properties and behavior of sapphire. The molecular dynamics (MDs) simulation is a powerful
method to study the material in atomic scale. In MDs simulation, Newton’s equations of motion are
numerically integrated for a discrete number of atoms whose interactions are governed byinteratomic potentials. We used the molecular dynamics simulation with empirical potentials to
study of sapphire deformation behavior. We considered the effect of parameters like sample sizeand strain rate on the sapphire tensile deformation. The MDs calculations are carried out by theLarge-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS) package. For the
LAMMPS simulations we used the Al2O3 interaction potential developed by Streitz and Mintmire.
Sapphire was obtained from the melt by heating while high temperature liquid was 3000 K, thenthis melt was cooled to ambient temperature in 40000 time steps (Δt = 2 fs). The atomic radial
distribution function (RDF) G(r) showed peaks corresponding to the inter-atomic distances existingin the material. So, at a radial distance up to 1.6 Å the probability of finding two atoms is zero. The
maximum probability is in between 1.6 Å to 2 Å, and then it shows some down and up behavior.
Since crystal is a close packed structure, maximum probability is exceeding 3 for the radial distancefrom 1.6 Å to 2 Å. We analyzed the uniaxial tensile deformation of the obtained specimen along ydirection. Simulations have also been conducted to study the initiation of fracture during tensile
deformation at different strain rates. We analyzed the sample fracture by formation of voids whose
openings tend to occur under tensile loading conditions. We found the structure transition andsignificantly oxygen chains displacements under tensile effect in sapphire. The obtained resultscorrespond to the experimental ones and allow us to develop the recommendations for determining
the sapphire properties and increasing its quality for further application.

149

Influence of Sapphire Substrates Defective Layer on Microelectronic Devices
Yu. V. Klunnikova1*, S. P. Malyukov1, A. V. Filimonov2,3
1Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia
2St. Petersburg Academic University RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
3Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia*jklunnikova@rambler.ru
Sapphire crystals are one of the promising materials for microelectronic devices. The quality of thesubstrates surface layer significantly affects the structural perfection of the films obtained on theirsurface. The presence of thermoelastic stresses and defects, such as voids, dislocations, or
microcracks in substrate, leads to the formation of defects in films. Dislocations and structure
defects appear from the substrate and inherit its negative properties and worsen operational
properties of microelectronic devices. Therefore, for meeting requirements of modern
microelectronics, it is necessary to find methods for obtaining the optimal surface structure at theinternal phase boundary in the “growing layer – substrate” system. We are studying the effect ofsapphire substrate defects on the quality of the resulting films on its surface. As the substrate, we
use sapphire with a thickness of 0.43 mm, a diameter of 50 mm, C-orientation and sapphire withthe area of 1×1 cm2, and a thickness of 3 – 5 mm. We obtain thin films (Si, Cu, Cr, Fe2O3, and TiO2)
with a thickness up to 1 μm by various methods (laser annealing, magnetron sputtering, plasmachemical vapor deposition) on their surfaces. The obtained samples are studied using methods ofstylus profilometry, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray
diffractometry and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The mechanisms of surface defects occurrence insapphire substrates and their influence on the quality of the resulting films are investigated.
Experimental studies for estimation of the effect of substrate defects (volume defects such as voids
and thermoelastic stresses) on the quality of the initial films are consistent with theoretical ones.
Experimental studies for measuring mechanical stresses in thin films were carried out on a Tencor
FLX-232 equipment. The thermoelastic stresses in the films on a sapphire substrate are estimatedfrom the processing conditions, film thickness, and film and substrate properties. The results allow
us to develop the recommendations for determining the properties of the surface layers of sapphire
and improving the quality of the films obtained on its surface, which can be used to create better
micro- and nanoelectronics devices, in particular, in specialized integrated circuits, solar energy andgas sensors.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation and the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) within the framework of the joint
program “Mikhail Lomonosov”.

150

Operation Modes of Power Protection Facilities
A.A. Kompaniets, D. D. Fugarov*, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
We consider the main operation modes of protection units, namely storage batteries (SBs). SB
operates in three modes: mainly charge and recharge [1]. In the basic operation mode, the SBprovides load current for motors not exceeding 2500 А at supply voltage 230 V [2]. The battery
operation duration is 15-20 minutes [3]. SB charging mode is possible after completion of main
operation mode, at that charging the unit is switched on, and six electric motors and recharging unit
are disconnected from power supply buses [4]. SB is charged from charging unit with rectified
current of 600 A up to voltage 230 В. The charging unit is powered by a three-phase AC industrial
network. In the recharging mode of the accumulator battery, the recharging unit (RU) recharges theSB with a current of up to 70 А. This is necessary to maintain the SB in a charged state. Thus, SB
and RU are combined into a single system capable of providing a constant voltage value on the
power supply bus. The recharging unit is powered by three-phase alternating voltage of theindustrial network [5].
References[1] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[2] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[3] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[4] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[5] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.
Series 2018. С. 012055.

151

Computer Investigation of Nanoporous Elastic Composites with Various Sizes
and Structure of Pores
A.S. Kornievsky*, A.V. Nasedkin**
Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences, Southern Federal University,
344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia*alexandr5koren@gmail.com; **nasedkin@math.sfedu.ru
It is known from experiments that the values of the corresponding effective moduli of nanoscale
and macroscale porous bodies are different. There are a lot of approaches to describe this effect.
Currently one of the most popular is the Gurtin-Murdoch model. The report involves mathematicalmethods development and finite element technologies. This also includes the design of APDLANSYS programs for solving homogenization problems with surface effects, modeling
representative volumes and determination of effective properties for porous anisotropic elastic
materials. In this work, the porous beryllium was considered as an example. Beryllium is ananisotropic material of the hexagonal crystal family. To determine the effective properties of suchcomposites, we solved six boundary-value problems with special boundary conditions in
displacement. Further, in the ANSYS post processor block, the averaged stresses were calculated,both for volume elements and for surface ones. Finally, the effective moduli of the porous composite
with surface effects were calculated using the corresponding formulas of the effective modulus
method with respect to the found average stresses. In order to take into account the size effect, theGurtin-Murdoch model was used. Namely, at the boundaries between the two phases, special elastic
membranes were placed. These membranes are determined by surface stresses. All the problems
for a representative volume were solved numerically using the finite element method in the ANSYS
software package. The work describes an algorithm for the automatic determination of interphaseboundaries and the positions of membrane elements on them. The algorithm remains operational atvarious sizes of representative volumes, built in the form of a cubic grid of hexahedral finite
elements. At the same time, we compared several types of representative volumes. To generate
representative volumes with different types of phase connectivity, the ACELAN-COMPOS
package was used. In the result of our computational experiments, we discovered some trends.
These results are similar to those of other authors, both theoretical and experimental. For example,
a nanoscale body with low porosity rate can have greater stiffness than a corresponding body ofmacroscale dimensions. Moreover, the effective elastic stiffness of ordinary size bodies decreases
with increasing porosity while these characteristics of the nanosized composite can both decrease
and increase. The computational results of the composites with various mesh generation werecompared. It was noted that due to surface effects, the geometric features of nanosized bodies canhave much greater influence than ones of ordinary sized bodies. It is also numerically confirmedthat in the case of a fixed percentage of porosity, as the pore size decreases, the stiffness of thematerial increases.
Acknowledgement
This research was funded by the RFBR, project number 20-31-90057.
152

Analysis of Elemental Sulphur Production Flow Charts
S.V. Korolenko, D. D. Fugarov*, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Gases generated during purification of hydrocarbon gases from acidic components are hydrogensulfide gas, which is processed into elemental sulfur [1]. The Klaus process or its various
modifications [2] is used for this operation. To date, sulfur-containing compounds in exhaust gases
should not exceed 0.5 mg/m. Therefore, before discharging process of gases into the atmosphere, itis necessary to clean them, this is an integral part of the Klaus process [3]. The analysis made it
possible to draw a number of conclusions [4]: (i) the process of obtaining SO2 from sulfur has thebest economic indicators; (ii) a process with pre-heating of the process gas is most preferred in thecase of high oxygen costs; (iii) the oxygen process is economically more profitable at lower oxygen
prices; (iv) the final cost of sulphur is affected positively by low concentrations of H2S in theprocessed gas; (v) the most expensive is a scheme including a stage of sulphur combustion, the useof this scheme is advisable in the case of complete absence of hydrocarbons in the feedstock (thehydrocarbons cause deposits of resin on the catalyst, which negatively affects the quality of the
final product [5]).
References[1] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[2] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[3] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[4] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[5] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.

153

Crack Formation and Self-destruction Effects in Ceramics Based on the Alkali
Metal Niobates
M. I. Kovalenko, S. I. Dudkina*, L. A. Reznichenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*s.i.dudkina@yandex.ru

The adoption in 2002 and 2011 of legislative directives by the European Parliament on theinadmissibility in the electrotechnical fields of the use of Pb-containing ceramics, in which toxic
lead is present as the main component, prompted the scientific community to develop alternative
lead-free materials that can replace Pb-containing in piezotechnical applications. The mostpromising were ferroceramics (FCs) based on alkali metal niobates (NAMs). However, their wellknown tendency to self-destruction prevents the wide practical use of such compositions. The maincauses of crack formation and the effect of self-destruction in ceramics based on NAMs and ways
to minimize them are considered. The obtained experimental data and their analysis make it possible
to determine the following causes of destruction phenomena in the FCs:(i) secondary discontinuous recrystallization of type I, which causes the growth of individual
crystallites to a critical size (~ 14 μm), above which the integrity of the samples is violated;(ii) secondary discontinuous recrystallization of type II, associated with the presence in the niobate
ferroceramics of a fluorine-containing liquid phase (LP), which is a matrix for excessively fast
growth of single crystals to gigantic sizes both in the edge regions (“cortical effect”) and in thecenter of the sample; using various experimental methods (determination of strength, fracture
toughness, etc.), it was found that the maximum permissible concentration F, which does not leadto destruction phenomena in the FCs based on NAMs, is less 0.2 mass. %; an increase in the Fcontent leads to a deterioration in the mechanical properties, suppression of the piezoelectric state(a decrease in Kp, |d31|, g31, VR, Qm), as well as to an undesirable increase in the 𝜀 Т /𝜀 by 50% for
the FC;(iii) heterogeneity of the studied solid solutions, due to the simultaneous existence of crystalline
and liquid phases in the process of sintering, each of a different composition;(iv) rheological characteristics (high caking and low flowability) of the initial powders, leading toan inhomogeneous density, and subsequently low sintering activity, which causes the formation ofcenters with a more (less) dense structure and heterogeneous microstructure, which are sources ofinternal stresses;(v) the existence of critical values of the specific surface area of Nb2O5 particles of various
qualifications, above which the strength of the FCs based on NAMs decreases sharply (for Nb2O5
qualifications NbO-Pt – 550–650 m2/kg; osch – 950–1000 m2/kg; osch type – 2500–3500 m2/kg).
One of the ways to minimize the described effects is considered the iso- and heterovalentmodifications of ceramics based on NAMs.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020)".
154

The Effect of the Preparation Conditions on the Catalytic Activity of К2PdCl4
in the Reaction of Methyl Alcohol with Acetylene
T.V. Krasnyakova1,2*, D.V. Nikitenko1, I.A. Verbenko3, S.A. Mitchenko1
1Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Donetsk, Ukraine
3

2Lugansk Taras Shevchenko State University, Lugansk, Ukraine
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ktv_list.ru
The formation of new materials is one of the central problems of modern engineering andtechnology development. Engineering, materials science, medicine and other industries require theproduction of materials with special electrical, magnetic, temperature-dependent, chemical, etc.
properties. One of the methods for obtaining of such materials is mechanochemical activation,
which is a combination of uniaxial loading and shear deformation of a substance in various
dispersion media. Methods of mechanochemical activation make it possible to obtain nano- andsubmicrocrystalline materials with special physicochemical characteristics, which differ
significantly from the properties of the initial polycrystalline sample. Specific properties are often
determined by the nanocrystalline structure, a high degree of defectiveness, and the presence ofamorphous, quasicrystalline, and metastable phases. The creating localized on the surface defects
of a crystal structure (active centers of heterogeneous catalysts) by mechanochemical grinding
opens up wide possibilities for using this method in heterogeneous catalysis. For K2PdCl4 salt, we
showed:(i) salt without mechanical pre-treatment is inactive for the reaction of methyl alcohol withacetylene;(ii) the active sites of the catalyst are formed upon mechanically activation of the salt in an acetylene
atmosphere;(iii) an increase in the time of mechanochemical pre-activation is accompanied by a rise of its
catalytic activity.
The report will consider the effect of mechanochemical pre-activation on the catalytic properties of
the K2PdCl4 salt in the reaction of addition of methyl alcohol to the triple bond of acetylene.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).

155

Reconstruction of the Optical Acoustic Signal for Visualization of
Biological Tissues
D.A. Kravchuk1*, I.B. Starchenko2**
1Southern Federal University, Taganrog, 347922, Russia
2OOO "Parametrica", Taganrog, 347922, Russia**kravchukda@sfedu.ru; **ibstarchenko@gmail.com
One of the most important applications of optoacoustics is the visualization of oxygenation,
hemoglobin concentration, and monitoring. Currently, the most commonly used methods fordetermining optical properties require invasive procedures and in vitro autonomous work methods
based on attenuation using spectrophotometry, reflection coefficient, fluorescence spectroscopy,
Raman spectroscopy, and optoacoustics [1]. In vivo studies using a combination of optoacoustics
and carbon nanoparticles were performed [2–5] and demonstrated an increase in image contrast [6].
Most of the results presented to date are qualitative, and there are no quantitative in vivo studies.
The purpose of the work is a quantitative study of the characteristics of an optoacoustic signal inmodel liquid biological media. The reverse filtering method, based on the configuration of scanningwith rotation, is applied. It is a classical algorithm for reconstructing a cross-sectional image.
Optoacoustic signals with pressure Pr(t) were obtained by deconvolution of the recorded acoustic
signal Pd0(t), emanating from a point absorption source, with a fast inverse Fourier transform. The
report presents the results of processing an acoustic signal obtained in the result of thermoelastic
expansion under the influence of an ND: YAG laser with a duration of 84 ns on an aqueous solution
using a modified back projection algorithm based on a combined wavelet for high-frequency
optoacoustic tomography. The results show that the above wavelet-based back projection algorithm
effectively improves the resolution and contrast of reconstruction images under conditions of strong
background noise. It is shown that the method can be used in optoacoustic signal reconstruction to
obtain images of biological tissues.
References[1] Kolkman R.G.M. et. al. // Phys. Med. Biol. 49(20), 4745–4756, 2004.
[2] Orda-Zhigulina D.V., Starchenko I.B. // Engineering Journal of Don. 22(4–1), 28, 2012 (InRussian)[3] Kravchuk D.A., Starchenko I.B. // Appl. Phys. Federal Informational-Analytical Center of the
Defense Industry, 2018(4), 89–93, 2018 (In Russian).
[4] Kravchuk D.A., Starchenko I.B. // J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 1353, 12088, 2019..
[5] Kravchuk D.A., Voronina K.A. // Journal of Biomedical Photonics & Engineering. 6(1), 010307,
2020.
[6] Li C. et. al. // Phys. Med. Biol. 49, 1329, 2004.

156

Studies of Magnetic and Local States of Fe3+ Ions in(1 – x)Bi0.9Dy0.1FeO3 – xPbTiO3 Solid Solution
S.P. Kubrin1, S.I. Raevskaya1, J. Zhuang2, Z. Tang2, E.P. Shihova1, S.A. Shlyahova1,
V.V. Titov1, I.P. Raevski1*, M.A. Malitskaya1
1Research Institute of Physics and Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University,

Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education,
International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic and Information Engineering,
Xi'AnJiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
2*igorraevsky@gmail.com
Recently a possibility of multiferroic morphotropic phase boundary separating two chemical
regions with distinct crystal structures and ferroic orderings were reported for several BiFeO3-based
single phase multiferroics [1, 2]. The scope of the present work was to study magnetic and local
states of Fe3+ ions in one of such materials, namely in (1 – x)Bi0.9Dy0.1FeO3 – xPbTiO3 solid solution
using Mössbauer spectroscopy. Ceramic samples of compositions with x = 0, 0.2, 0.25, 0.31, 0.34,
0.4, 0.5 were prepared using solid phase reactions route as described in [1]. According to X-ray
phase analysis, the samples obtained were single-phase and possessed a perovskite structure. At
room temperature, Mössbauer spectra of the samples with x = 0.2 – 0.34 appear to be superpositionsof three Zeeman sextets. Each sextet corresponds to the local state of Fe3+ ions in the vicinity ofwhich there is a different number of Ti4+ ions. The sextet with the highest value of the hyperfine
magnetic field (HMF) is due to Fe3+ ions in the vicinity of which Ti4+ ions are absent. The HMF
values of other sextets are smaller, the more Ti4+ ions are present in the Fe3+ environment
corresponding to these sextets. The presence of several local states of Fe3+ ions indicate theexistence of compositional inhomogeneities in the B-sublattice of the samples under study. That is,for the studied samples, clustering of cations of the B-sublattice is observed. Room temperature
Mössbauer spectra of samples with x = 0.4 and 0.5 consist of two paramagnetic doublets. The
presence of two doublet components indicates that there are regions with different concentration of
Fe3+ ions. To estimate the temperatures of the magnetic phase transitions TN, a temperature scanningtechnique was applied. We performed the measurement of Mössbauer spectrum doublet intensity
Im under gradual stepwise cooling. An abrupt drop in the Im temperature dependence corresponds
to TN. Values of TN were found to decrease as x grows due to the dilution of the magnetic Fesublattice. However, in the x = 0.3 – 0.4 compositional range roughly corresponding to theboundaries of the multimorphotropic region separating the ferromagnetic compositions withmonoclinic symmetry and antiferromagnetic compositions with tetragonal symmetry [2] a slope of
the TN(x) dependence was substantially (by more than two times) larger than that for the lower andhigher values of x.
Acknowledgment
This work was supported in part by RFBR project 19-52-53030 GFEN_a.
References[1] J. Zhuang, L. Chen, W. Ren, Z.-G. Ye // Ceramics International. 39, S207 – S211, 2013.
157

[2] J. Zhuang, J. Lu, N. Zhang, J. Zhang, A. A. Bokov, S. Yang, W. Ren, Z.-G. Ye. // J. Appl. Phys.
125(4), 044102, 2019.

Mossbauer Studies of Compositional Ordering in Ternary Perovskite
Pb2CoWO6 and Pb2CoWO6 – PbTiO3 Solid Solution
S. P. Kubrin1, M. Yu. Silin2, I. P. Raevski1*, D. A. Sarychev1, V. V. Titov1, V. A. Ershin1,
S. I. Raevskaya1, M. A. Malitskaya1
1Research Institute of Physics and Faculty of Physics, Rostov State University, Stachki Ave. 194,

Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2RITVERC JSC, Kurchatov Str., 10, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia*igorraevsky@gmail.com
Ternary ferroelectric and antiferroelectric perovskite-family oxides Pb2(B'B'')O6) have been studied
intensively in recent years. Of special interest, is the great impact of the degree S of ordering of B'
and B''-ions over equivalent crystallographic positions on the temperatures of ferroelectric andmagnetic phase transitions [1 – 4]. Such ordering is usually called compositional or chemical todifferentiate it from the dipole (ferroelectric and antiferroelectric) or spin (ferromagnetic andantiferromagnetic) order. Mossbauer spectroscopy was successfully used to study the compositional
ordering in Fe-containing perovskites. The Mossbauer spectra of disordered Pb2FeNbO6 andPb2FeTaO6 in a paramagnetic phase are doublets [4]. In contrast to this, Mossbauer spectra of highlyordered Pb2FeSbO6 and Sr2FeMoO6 are singlets [5 – 7]. The cause of quadrupole splitting for the
cubic phase appears to be the incompletely ordered distribution of B' and B''-ions over octahedral
lattice sites. In this case, the symmetry of the environment of Mossbauer cation is not cubic. The
goal of the present work was to study Mossbauer spectra of Pb2CoWO6 and Pb2CoWO6 – PbTiO3
solid solution at room temperature in the emission mode. Mossbauer spectrum of Pb2CoWO6
sample is a singlet being a fingerprint of a very high degree of ordering. Mossbauer spectrum of
Pb2CoWO6 – PbTiO3 solid solution composition containing 20 mol.% of PbTiO3 is a superpositionof singlet and doublet. The relative content of these components is 44 and 56% respectively. The
data of Mossbauer studies corroborate well the results of the X-ray diffraction studies. The singlet
likely corresponds to compositionally ordered regions (fairly large in size), whereas the doublet isassociated with regions, where the long-range order in the arrangement of ions is disturbed.
Acknowledgement
The work was partially supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 20-0300920_а).
References[1] C.G.F. Stenger, F.L. Scholten, A.J. Burggraaf // Solid State Commun. 32, 989, 1979.
[2] I.P. Raevski, V.Y. Shonov, M.A. Malitskaya et al // Ferroelectrics, 235, 205, 1999.
[3] I.P. Raevski, A.V. Pushkarev, S.I. Raevskaya, et al // Ferroelectrics, 501, 154, 2016.
[4] A.A. Gusev, S.I. Raevskaya, V.V. Titov, et al // Ferroelectrics. 496, 231, 2016.
[5] V. V. Laguta, V. A. Stephanovich, M. Savinov, et al // New J. Phys., 16, 11304, 2014.
[6] B. Argymbek, T. Kmjec, V. Chlan, et al // J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 477, 334, 2019.
158

[7] N. Kalanda, M. Yarmolich, A. Petrov, et al // J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 500, 166386, 2020.

Synthesis, Electronic Structure, Microstructure and Properties of Vacuum
Ion-Plasma Coatings Based on Carbon
O.V. Kudryakov1*, V.N. Varavka1**, I.Yu. Zabiyaka1, A.V. Sidashov2, E.S. Novikov2
1

Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

2Rostov State Transport University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*kudryakov@mail.ru, **varavkavn@gmail.com
The prospects for the development of ion-plasma methods today consist in the development of newmaterials and the production of multifunctional coatings. In this regard, one of the most attractive
objects of research in the field of materials science and nanotechnology is carbon materials, inparticular, diamond-like coatings (DLCs). Interest in DLCs is associated with the possibility ofrelatively simple technological regulation of the ratio of electronic carbon configurations in thecoating: sp2-bonds (characteristic of graphite) and sp3-bonds (characteristic of diamond). Due tothis variability, the properties of DLCs can also be changed within wide limits. In the present report,
the carbon coatings obtained by vacuum ion-plasma technology using a gas mixture of acetylene
and methylsiloxane at a temperature of 180 °C are studied. The coatings were applied to thesubstrate from steels with various types of thermal and chemical-thermal treatment. Some of thesamples, before applying DLCs, were doped with Nb and Hf in the vacuum chamber of the ionplasma device to increase the adhesion of the coating. The problem of adhesion of DLCs on various
substrates is considered in our other publications. The total thickness of the coatings ranged from
0.5 to 1.6 m. The electron microscopic study of the coatings revealed that in the cross-section they
consist of two layers: the layer on the surface of the sample is much more saturated with silicon(from methylsiloxane), and the outer coating layer is almost completely carbon. The transition zone
between the layers is smooth, blurry and does not have the nature of the interphase boundary. A
finer study of the composition of DLCs was carried out by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPES)by layer-by-layer ion profiling of the coating surface to its entire depth. Using the “SPECS” (surface
analysis system, Germany), survey spectra were recorded from each profiled (vaporized) layer. To
determine the sp3/sp2 ratio, C (KLL) Auger spectra were used. An XPES study showed a graded
distribution of the sp3/sp2 ratio over the coating depth: from 2/1 on the surface to 1/9 at the substrate.
The study of the physical and mechanical properties by means of the indentation method showedthat the indentation hardness H of the studied DLCs is very sensitive to the magnitude of the applied
load. At the same time, the Young’s modulus E demonstrates a small dependence on the applied
load. Apparently, this should be evaluated as the influence of the “size factor” on the mechanicalproperties. So, at a load of 100 mN, the spread of hardness was 9 – 21 GPa, and at 10 mN, it was
12 – 30 GPa. According to the H/E and H3/E2 indicators, which determine the elastic and plastic
deformation resistance, respectively, the studied carbon coatings are not inferior to ion-plasma
wear-resistant nitride coatings. As for the tribological properties tested on a TRB friction machine
equipped with “pin plate” unit in accordance with the methods of DIN 50324 and ASTM G99, the159

studied carbon coatings did not show particular advantages in wear resistance over coatings ofnitride systems and even over steels after chemical-thermal treatment (with the exception of theindicator – coefficient of friction ). The study of the degradation of DLCs during tribological tests
showed that their wear is carried out by the abrasion mechanism. Moreover, DLCs demonstratelubricating properties and the ability to relax stresses in the surface contact layers during theunloading period. As the main applied result of the work, we conclude that the usage of carbon
coatings (DLCs) with an optimum thickness of 1.2 – 1.4 μm provides a significant decrease in thefriction coefficient  in tribological tests. The maximum effect of reducing  (on average, 2.0 – 2.5
times) was obtained on the nitride samples from steel 38Cr2MoAl, additionally modified before
coating by ion implantation of Nb and Hf.
Acknowledgement
This research was financially supported by RFBR grant No. 18-08-00546 and by the Ministry of
Science and Higher Education of Russia (project identifier RFMEFI60718X0203).

Semi-Invariant Form of Equilibrium Stability Criteria
for Systems with Two Cosymmetries
L.G. Kurakin1,2,3*, A.V. Kurdoglyan3**
1Water Problems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
2Southern Mathematical Institute of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of

Sciences, Vladikavkaz, Russia
3I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences,

Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*lgkurakin@sfedu.ru, **aik_kurdoglyan@mail.ru
Critical cases of equilibria stability are considered for differential equations with two cosymmetries.
Stability spectrum of such equilibrium consists of two spectral sets. The first is the non-trivial
neutral spectrum that is on the imaginary axis. The second is a stable part of the spectrum that liesin the left half-plane. According to the general theory, research of the critical cases comes down to
study of nonlinear model systems. To calculate the coefficients for such systems is a separate
problem. Stability criteria for the model systems are described in the previous work of the authors.
The purpose of given report is to express the coefficients of Taylor’s series for model systems fromsuch coefficients for the original equation. A usual algorithm constructing a model system consistsof two coherent conversions of the original equation. The first is to form the reduction on the neutral
surface for this equation. As a result, its dimension is decreased to the neutral subspace’s dimension.
Then the constriction is transformed to normal form to some finite order. The higher order terms
are ignored. In this work the coefficients of the model systems are computed with the help ofalgorithm of V. I. Yudovich. It makes possible to unite both conversions into one. The obtained
formulae for coefficients of model systems are independent of the original equation’s dimension.
Thus it is applicable to systems of finite or infinite dimension and usable to realize using packagesof analytical calculations.
160

Acknowledgement
The results of this research were published in the work [1], which was financially supported by theSouthern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04-IM (Ministry of Education and Scienceof the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] Kurakin L. G., Kurdoglyan A. V. // Bulletin of Higher Educational Institutions. North Caucasus
Region. Natural Sciences, 1, 11–16, 2020.

On the Stability of a Regular Vortex Polygon in a Two-fluid Plasma
L.G. Kurakin1,2,3*, I.A. Lysenko3**, S.A. Lysenko3***
1Water Problems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
2Southern Mathematical Institute of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of3

Sciences, Vladikavkaz, Russia
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences, Southern Federal
University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*kurakin@math.rsu, **irina107ls@mail.ru, ***sergey23ls@mail.ru

The motion of the system of N point vortices with identical intensity Γ in the Alfven model of a
two-fluid plasma is considered. The stability of the stationary rotation of N identical vortices disposed
uniformly on a circle with radius R is studied for N = 2, …, 5. This problem has three parameters: thediscrete parameter N and two continuous parameters R and c, where c > 0 is the value characterizing
the plasma. Two different definitions of the stability are used, namely the orbital stability and thestability of a three-dimensional invariant set founded by the orbits of a continuous family of stationary
rotations. Instability is interpreted as instability of equilibrium of the reduced system. An analyticalanalysis of eigenvalues of the linearization matrix and the quadratic part of the Hamiltonian is given.
As a result, the parameter space (N, R, c) of this problem for two stability definitions considered isdivided into three parts: the domain A of stability in an exact nonlinear problem setting, the linear
stability domain B, where the nonlinear analysis is needed, and the domain of exponential instability
C. The results of theoretical analysis for orbital stability [1] are checked by numerical calculationsof the vortex trajectories. The application of the stability theory of invariant sets for the systems witha few integrals for N = 2, 3, 4 allows one to obtain new statements about the stability in the domains,
where nonlinear analysis is needed in investigating the orbital stability.
Acknowledgement
The results of this research were published in the work [2], which was financially supported by theSouthern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04-IM (Ministry of Science and Higher
Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Lysenko I.A. // University News. North-Caucasian Region. Natural Sciences Series, 1, 17–23,
2019 (In Russian).
[2] Kurakin L.G., Lysenko I.A. // Russian Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics, 16(1), 3–11, 2020.
161

Analysis of the Stability of a Regular System of Vortex Charges
outside the Circular Region in the Case of an Arbitrary Circulation
around the Boundary
L.G. Kurakin1,2,3*, N. V. Shilova3**
1Water Problems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

2Southern Mathematical Institute of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of

Sciences, Vladikavkaz, Russia
3I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences, Southern Federal

University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*lgkurakin@sfedu.ru; **natalya.shilova7@mail.ru
The model of the motion of a system of point vortex charges (point vortices) outside a circulardomain with a non-zero circulation around the boundary is considered. The interaction potential
between the charges is inversely proportional to the distance between them. The stability ofstationary rotation of a system of N identical vortices located at the vertices of a regular N-gon is
studied. This work is a natural continuation of the paper [1], which considers the case of zero
circulation. The stability theory of stationary motions for dynamical systems with symmetry,developed by V. I. Yudovich, is applied. The motion equations are a Hamiltonian system, so thepaper uses methods for analyzing the stability of equilibria of Hamiltonian systems. Cases N = 2,…, 8 are considered sequentially. The linearization matrix is analyzed and exponential instability
conditions are obtained. Conditions are found under which the quadratic part of the Hamiltonian ispositive-definite. In this case, the stationary rotation of the vortex N-gon is stable in a nonlinear
setting. Conditions are obtained when all eigenvalues of the linearization matrix lie on the imaginary
axis, and the quadratic part of the Hamiltonian is not positive-definite. It is well known that thestability problem requires the nonlinear analysis in this case.
Acknowledgement
The results of this research were financially supported by the Southern Federal University, grant
No. VnGr-07/2020-04-IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] L.G. Kurakin, A.P. Melekhov1, I.V. Ostrovskaya // University News. NorthCaucasian Region. Natural Sciences Series, 4-1(196-1), 24 – 30, 2017.

162

Optimizing VO2 Film Properties for Use in SAW Devices
M.E. Kutepov1*, T.A. Minasyan1, G.Ya. Karapetyan1, V.E. Kaydashev2,
I.V. Lisnevskaya3, K.G. Abdulvakhidov4, A.A. Kozmin1, E.M. Kaidashev1
1Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Southern Federal University,

200/1, Stachki, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology,
9, Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, 141701, Russiaa
3Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University,
7, Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
4Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University,
178/24, Sladkova, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*kutepov.max@yandex.ru
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) exhibits a metal-insulator transition (MIT) at a temperature of about 69 °C[1, 2]. At this transition, the resistivity of VO2 changes up to 4 orders of magnitude [3]. The aim of
the study was to optimize the conditions for producing thin VO2 films for their use in SAW devices.
We used the laser pulsed deposition (PLD) method to produceVO2 films. We used metallic
vanadium target. The dependence of the oxygen pressure during PLD on the resistive metalinsulator transition on substrates of c- and R-sapphire was studied. The resulting films had sharp
metal-insulator temperature transitions in all used Al2O3 cuts. The most high-quality films showed
resistance change by 4 orders of magnitude. At the lower point of the hysteresis, the resistance of
these samples was in the range of 50 – 100 Ω. The synthesized VO2 films had a sharp temperaturetransition and a relatively small width of thermal hysteresis. The use of thin VO2 films with low
resistance after the transition to the metallic state allowed us to change the reflection coefficient ofa SAW in a delay line by more than 3 times. We also used VO2 film as a bridge of an acoustic
coupler. The SAW transmission coefficient through the coupler into another channel changed by 2times.
References[1] F.J. Morin // Phys. Rev. Lett. 3, 34–36, 1959.
[2] D.P. Partlow, S.R. Gurkovich, K.C. Radford, L.J. Denes // J. Appl. Phys. 70, 443–452, 1991.
[3] H. Jerominek, F. Picard, D. Vincent // Opt. Eng. 32, 2092–2099, 1993.

163

Quantifying of the internal defects content in CF-PEKK through water
absorption behavior
Kyo-Moon Lee1, Soo-Jeong Park2, Seong-Jae Park1, Yu Tianyu1, Yun-Hae Kim1,2†
1Department of Marine Equipment Engineering, Graduate School, Korea Maritime and Ocean
2

University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea†yunheak@kmou.ac.kr

Along with the development of high-performance thermoplastic resin, various researches werebeing conducted on hot-press forming and oven consolidation, which are a part of the Out-ofAutoclave (OoA) process for thermoplastic composite structures. Thermoplastic composite is
manufactured by using prepregs. In this manufacture, splicing, tow gap, overlap can be caused ininternal laminate, and repeated of defects cause void, delamination. This defect in laminate can beinspected using C-scan (NDI), but it just show the presence, distance of defects. NDI is difficult toquantifying of internal defects content. Polyetherketoneketone(PEKK) has the charaterisitic ofwatet absorption resistance and degradation resistance in high temperature water. However, in water
absorption condition, the void in laminate is filled with water and increases saturation absorption.
In this study, the objectives is to quantifying of internal defect volume in carbon fiber reinforced
PEKK composites (CF-PEKK) using water absorption behavior.
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (No. 20007444), funded by the
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).

Optimization and Management Strategy Resources for Water Fulfillment ofCommunity Water in Mojokerto District, East Java
Laksono Djoko Nugroho*, Tiwi Sri Rejeki, Hudhiyantoro, Budi Santoso
Department of Civil Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia*laksononugroho7366@gmail.com
Current domestic and non-domestic drinking water needs are sourced from surface and groundwater.
The increasing population and the need for residential land and other activities (industry and tourism)
require an increase in the supply of water resources. The purpose of this study is to analyze thecondition of existing water resources, to analyze the condition of the comparison of the amount ofwater needed with the availability of known water resources by calculating the water balance up to2032 and to evaluate and formulate a strategy for optimizing the management of water resources in164

Mojokerto Regency. From the calculation using the water balance method that has been done in
Scenario I (the availability of existing water is considered constant), the water needs in Mojokerto
Regency by optimizing the Brantas River. In Scenario II (we consider water sources, springs, andreservoirs) and taking into account the effects of environmental degradation. The conclusion of thisresearch in the scenario I is that the carrying capacity of water resources in Mojokerto Regency iscurrently still sufficient until 2036 with a water demand of 41,892,326 m3/year compared to water
availability of 6,949,846,656 m3/year. However, this condition will be different if not balanced withconcrete steps to preserve the existing environment and efforts to optimize the potential of theBrantas River. While Scenario II in Mojokerto Regency will start experiencing water shortages in
2019, from the water demand of 41,892,326 m3/year compared to the availability of water of
38,493,377 m3/year. To meet the subsequent water needs, environmentally friendly policies areneeded based on the concept of social learning with strategies that pay attention to demand andsupply issues.

Ordering of Carbon Nanotubes in Aqueous Dispersion of Nanomaterials
under the Influence of Femtosecond Laser Radiation
Levan Ichkitidze1,2*, Alexander Markov2, Mikhail Savelev1,2,
Alexander Gerasimenko1,2, Pavel Vasilevsky1, Eugenia Davydova1,
Elizaveta Smirnova1, Dmitry Telyshev1,2, Sergei Selishchev1
1

Institute of Biomedical Systems of National Research University of Electronic
Technology “MIET”, Moscow,124498, Russia
2Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow
State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia*ichkitidze@bms.zone
A composite nanomaterial with carbon nanotubes actively absorbs radiation from a femtosecond
laser (FSL), which leads to a change in the characteristics of the material. In this work, weinvestigate the effect of PSL radiation on aqueous dispersions of a biological composite
nanomaterial in the composition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and single-wall carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs) at different concentrations of the components. The investigated biological nanomaterial(bionanomaterial) included: BSA from AMFESCO (USA) and SWCNT of "Carbon Chg Ltd" from
Chernogolovka (Russia). SWCNTs were carboxylated in the form of an aqueous paste (2.5 wt%
SWCNTs) and had a diameter of ~ 1.5 nm, a length of ≥ 1 μm. For individual SWCNTs, a specificsurface area of ~ 1300 m2/g was achieved, however, they strongly aggregated and their specificsurface area decreased to 200 – 400 m2/g. After aggregation, the nanotube diameter was ≥ 3 – 4 nm,
the length was >> 1 μm.
Layers of composite bionanomaterial BSA/SWCNT were preparedaccording to the route map: (i) instrumental dispersion of an aqueous dispersion of SWCNT anddispersion in the composition of BSA and SWCNT; (ii) application of a dispersion of SWCNT,BSA/SWCNT on substrates; (iii) irradiation of FSL layers in a liquid state; (iv) drying samples; (v)microscopic examinations and electrical measurements. Covering glass plates with a size of 24 ×
165

24 × 0.15 mm served as substrates. The dispersions contained: BSA/SWCNT – 10 wt.% BSA and(0.001 – 0.1) wt.% SWCNT, the rest was distilled water; SWCNT – (0.001 – 0.1) wt.%, the rest
was distilled water. On the back side of the substrate, a marker was applied in the form of twoparallel lines with a distance of ~ 1 mm between them. A laser beam with a spot diameter of ~ 1
mm was focused at this point. After the application of the aqueous dispersion onto the substrates
using PSL radiation, the liquid evaporated, resulting in the formation of a continuous layer 0.1 – 10
μm thick. The radiation was generated by a Chameleon-ultra FSL (lasing wavelength 810 nm,
power ~ 500 mW/mm2, pulse duration 140 fs, pulse intensity ~ 5 kW/mm2). The resulting layers
were examined on a ZEISS LSM 880 confocal scanning microscope; their electrical resistance wasmeasured with an Agilent 34401A device. It was found that in aqueous dispersions of a biologicalcomposite nanomaterial (BSA/SWCNT), PSL radiation orders nanotubes, their screeds andaggregates – they are arranged in the form of a linear chain. In this arrangement, the nanotubes
remain in the dried layers. Moreover, this ordering is observed at low concentrations of ≤ 0.01 wt. %SWCNTs and an intensity of ~ 5 kW/mm2 in a laser pulse. This value is many times less than thethreshold ≥1 MW/mm2, at which ablation occurs, SWCNT ordering, and an increase in resistanceby several orders of magnitude in materials in the solid state [1]. In our case, the ablation of
nanotubes does not occur. Nanotubes are ordered in an aqueous dispersion at low values of theintensity of PSL radiation, and the resistance of the films decreases several times. The observed
effect is assumed to be due to the action of PSL radiation on catalytic ferromagnetic nanoparticles
located at the ends of the SWCNT ends. The proposed approach to ordering nanotubes will be indemand in the development of various types of sensors, for example, strain sensors, with thepossibility of using them in medical applications.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to N. S. Struchkov and O. A. Burdukova for their help in the experiment.
This work was financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
within the framework of state support for the creation and development of World-Class ResearchCenters "Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare" No. 075-15-2020-926.
Reference[1] Spellauge M., Loghin F-C., Sotrop J., et al // Carbon, N.-Y. 138, 234 – 242, 2018.

Influence of Fractality of Normal Clusters
on the Resistivity of a Ceramic Superconductor
Levan Ichkitidze1,2*, Mikhail Belodedov3, Sergei Selishchev1, Dmitry Telyshev1,2
1Institute of Biomedical Systems of National Research University of Electronic Technology
2“MIET”, Moscow,124498, Russia
Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical
University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
3Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 105005, Russia*ichkitidze@bms.zone

As usual, HTSC ceramic materials have a granular structure, and numerous inhomogeneities can
exist in them, in particular, at the grain boundaries in the form of Josephson junctions and within
166the grains themselves in the form of various inclusions of non-superconducting or low-temperature
superconducting phases. The pores in the space between the granules can join, i.e. they can become
open pores and form channels, so-called normal clusters. Some of them are considered to be infinite
normal clusters (INCs), when such a cluster extends from one edge (surface) of the sample to its
opposite edge (surface). INCs can coexist together with infinite superconducting clusters (ISCs),
which can form interconnected HTSC granules. ISCs form a percolation cluster of current flowlines from one surface of the sample to another. In a ceramic HTSC, numerous INCs can have afractal distribution, which in a certain way can affect the resistive properties of the material. In thiswork, the fractal dimension of INC from open pores is determined and its effect on the resistive
properties of samples of ceramic HTSC material of composition Bi-2223 is studied. Samples of two
forms were investigated, namely a massive sample and a sample in the form of a thick film. Bulky
samples were cut from compressed Bi-2223 pellets, while thick-film samples were formed byapplying a Bi-2223 ceramic powder onto MgO substrates. Samples of both shapes were heat treatedat 900 C and had the following dimensions. Massive: length (distance between potential contacts)l  6.0 mm, width w  1.5 mm, thickness t  0.5 mm; thick film: l  6.0 mm, w  1.5 mm and t 
0.5 mm, respectively. The processing of electron microscopic images of the samples was carriedout for structures of granules and open pores forming INC. The fractal dimension of INC wasdetermined for all samples. It was found that the fractal dimension of INC is higher in thick-film
than in bulk samples. It was found that the higher the value of the INC fractal dimension, the wider
the range of sample resistivity. The obtained relationship between the fractal dimension and theresistivity of the sample is qualitatively well described by the model proposed by Yu. I. Kuzmin[1]. The high value of the fractal dimension also correlates well with the high value of the volt-teslamagnetosensitivity of the image. For a layer of ceramic HTSC material of the Bi-2223 system, themagnetosensitivity per unit length of the layer was of the order of ~ 1 V/T in the region of ≤ 0.5
mT, which is a high indicator. The prospects for using an increased fractal dimension in samples ofa HTSC ceramic material and the possibility of creating on this basis magnetoresistive sensors of
an ultra-weak magnetic field with a resolution of ≤ 10 pT are considered.
Acknowledgement
This work was financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation
within the framework of state support for the creation and development of World-Class ResearchCenters "Digital biodesign and personalized healthcare" No. 075-15-2020-926.
Reference[1] Yu. I. Kuzmin // Technical Physics Letters, 30(6), 457 – 460, 2004.

167

The Effect of Heat-conducting Coating on the Propagation of the Waves
Excited by Heat in the Thermoelastic Bodies
G. Yu. Levi*, I. B. Mikhailova
Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*galias@yandex.ru
The dynamic coupled contact problems on the harmonic vibration excitation on the thermoelastic
body surface are studied. The body is the thermoelastic layer coupled with the thermoelastic halfspace and homogeneous thermoelastic half-space. Oscillations are caused by an oscillating
temperature  0 e  it distributed in a certain area on the body surface. The surfaces of the half-spaces
are supposed to be free of mechanical stresses, outside the load area and thermally insulated. The
half-space parameters are denoted as n  0 , and n  1 relates to layer parameters. In a structurally
heterogeneous half-space at the interface, we assumed the conditions of thermal insulation and rigid
adhesion. The contact problem is described as(i) the linearized equations of motion of a thermoelastic medium: 2u ( n ) ( n)(n ) ( n)u k ,l   ij( n ) u 4( n) ,,  ij  cijkl(1)  Θ ( n)   (n)t 2(ii) linearized heat equation:u ( n )u ( n )K ik( n )u 4( n,ik)  c( n )  ( n ) 4   0( n )  ik( n ) k ,i , n  0,1, i, j, k , l  1  3 ,
(2)
t
t
and corresponding boundary conditions.
Oscillations are assumed to be steady, occurring according to the harmonic law, so all functions are
represented as f  f 0 e i t . Further exponents can be omitted. Boundary-value problems with mixed
boundary conditions on the surface by using operational calculus methods are reduced to an integral
equation of the first kind with respect to the unknown function of the heat flux distribution in thecontact zone. By using the boundary element method, its solution is constructed. A solution to thecontact problem is obtained, namely the distributions of displacements and temperatures in alayered body. The effect of the substrate material on the distribution of the displacement vector
components excited in a thermoelastic body by the surface temperature is studied. The possibilityof localizing near the soft coat deformations arising under the temperature action on the surface ofa thermoelastic body was revealed.
Acknowledgements
The work was performed as part of the implementation of the state assignment of the Southern
Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, project No. 01201354242 and with partial
financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grants Nos. 19-08-01051, 1901-00719.

168

Interfacial Reactions and Functional Properties of Magnetoelectric Compositesof Lead-free Piezoelectrics and Yttrium Iron Garnet
I. V. Lisnevskaya*, I. A. Aleksandrova
Faculty of Chemistry, Southern Federal University,
7, Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*liv@sfedu.ru
A wide range of magnetoelectric composites has been prepared: (100 – х) wt.% FE + х wt.% YIG(х = 30 – 70 in steps of 10 wt.%), where YIG is yttrium iron garnet and FE is a lead-free ferroelectricmaterial reported in the literature, namely, lithium sodium potassium niobate([Li0.06(Na0.52K0.48)]1.04NbO3, KLNN), modified sodium bismuth titanate ([96 mol.%
Bi0.5(Na0.84K0.16)0.5TiO3 + 4 mol.% SrTiO3 + 0.2 wt.% La2O3], BNT), or barium calcium zirconate
titanate (Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.9Zr0.1O3, BCZT). The interfacial reactions and dielectric, piezoelectric,
magnetic and magnetoelectric behaviors of the composites have been studied. The high-temperature
calcination was found to yield the fergusonite-type impurity phase YNbO4 in KLNN-containing
composites and the pyrochlore-like phase Y2Ti2O7 in BNТ-containing ones. The BCZT-containing
samples remain only phase-pure materials after heat treatment. As a result, among the materials
studied, the samples of (100 – х) wt.% BCZT + х wt.% YIG show the best magnetoelectric coupling
coefficient Е/H that reaches 5 mV/(cmOe) with х = 40. Despite showing significant
piezoelectric response, the KLNN-containing ceramics exhibit Е/H of 1.2 mV/(cmOe) or less.
The composites containing BNT show weak piezoelectric and almost zero ME response (Е/H
does not exceed 0.2 mV/(cmOe)) due to the decomposition of ferroelectric phase caused by hightemperature interfacial reactions. The BCZT-containing composites appeared to be magneticallysofter than KLNN-containing materials and magnetically harder than BNT-containing ones.
Reference[1] Lisnevskaya I. V., Aleksandrova I. A. // Applied Physics A, 126(6), 406, 2020.

169

A Comparison Study by Simulation/Experiment to Verify the Effect of
Predicted Forming Limit Diagram Based on Graphical Method at ElevatedTemperature for SPCC Sheet Material
Luyen The-Thanh1, Mac Thi-Bich1, Banh Tien-Long1,2 Nguyen Duc-Toan2*
1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Hung yen University of Technology and Education, Hungyen, 100000, Vietnam
2School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, 1A-Dai Co Viet

Street, Hai Ba Trung District, Hanoi City, 100000, Vietnam*toan.nguyenduc@hust.edu.vn
Sheet Metal forming processing based on the deformation of materials has taken an important
position with an increasing proportion in mechanical manufacturing and metallurgy. In this study,
in order to predict more accuracy forming limit curve (FLC) at elevated temperature, the uniaxial
tensile test of SPCC sheet material at 150 ºC was first performed to obtain the stress-strain curve at
150 ºC. The graphical method based on the Modified Maximum Force Criterion (MMFC) was thenapplied to estimate the FLCs according to various hardening laws of Swift, Voce, and Kim-Tuan at
150 ºC elevated temperature. After that, the obtained FLCs data were used for numerical simulation
using the finite element method (FEM) to predict the fracture heights of the SPCC sheet material
cup by deep-drawing process and compare with corresponding experimental results. Comparison
results between simulation and experiments show that Swift's hardening model shows goodpredictions for fracture height compared to experimental data at elevated temperature of 150 ºC,
followed by Kim-Tuan's and Voce's hardening model, respectively. So that Swift's hardening model
should be suggested to estimate forming limit curve (FLC) at elevated temperature for SPCC sheet
material.

Improving the Functional Characteristics of Biocompatible Coatings of Bone
Implants due to Modification of the Initial Powders
A. V. Lyasnikova1*, I. P. Melnikova2, A. L. Nikolaev1
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Gagarin State Technical University, Saratov, Russia*lyasnikovaav@mail.ru
It is well known that by controlling the size and shape of the powders used in plasma spraying, it ispossible to impart completely new functional characteristics to the sprayed materials, which are
sharply different from those of bulk materials. Thus, the purpose of our study was to modernize thestructure and properties of biocompatible coatings by modifying the particles of the original powder
by fixing small particles on large granules. Using this method, it was possible to achieve an increase170

in the uniformity, strength, open porosity of the coating, and an increase in the contact area of thesurfaces of the bone tissue and the implant. It was also possible to achieve an increase in the
bioactivity of the implant surface. The choice of the particle size for plasma spraying is explainedby the need to obtain a porous structure of the coating with a pore size of 100-200 μm and amaximum adhesion of 25-30 MPa. It is known that the pore size in a porous framework is related
to the size of its constituent particles. In the technology developed and used by us for plasma
spraying of ceramic coatings on intraosseous titanium implants with a porous titanium sublayer, apowder with a particle size of 40 to 100 μm is used. Thus, we have proposed a method fornanostructuring biocompatible coatings of intraosseous implants while maintaining the required
porosity and surface morphology. The proposed method consists in creating combined particles ofthe original powder for spraying by fixing small particles with a size of less than 40 microns onlarge particles with a size of 40-100 microns. In the process of plasma spraying in a hightemperature jet, heat removal from a small particle to a large one will keep some of the small fixed
particles from melting. The combined particle will disintegrate upon impact on the substrate. This
process will be accompanied by the separation of a small particle from a large one. In this case, it
can be assumed that a small particle, having the kinetic energy of a large particle, will break into
nanometer-sized particles. In this work, we investigated the effect of changes in the particle size
distribution of powders of biocompatible materials (hydroxyapatite and aluminum oxide) on theproperties of pressed and plasma-sprayed samples made from them. The possibility of hardening
plasma-sprayed coatings based on hydroxyapatite (Young's modulus E = 50 GPa) with Al2O3
particles (Young's modulus E = 380 GPa) was also investigated.
Acknowledgment
A. L. Nikolaev acknowledge support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within grantNo. 20-07-00637 A.

Probability-network Modeling of Nanocomposite Porous Coatings Structure
A. V. Lyasnikova1*, V.M. Taran2, M.V. Dodonov1
1

Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2
Gagarin State Technical University, Saratov, Russia*lyasnikovaav@mail.ru

Porous coatings are used in various fields of technology and medicine as carriers of liquid
substances. The main structural formation of porous coatings is a framework of powder particles,
which forms pores (voids) due to loose packing of powder particles. The traditional methods for
obtaining porous coatings are plasma spraying and powder metallurgy. These technologicalmethods were developed to obtain heat- and corrosion-resistant coatings with the lowest possible
porosity, since the porosity significantly worsened the functionality of the coating. Liquid
substances can be introduced into porous coatings, for example, lubricants, electrolytes inelectrochemical electrodes, drugs, etc. It is obvious that the amount of liquid substance in the poresand the intensity of its entry into the working contact zone should be controlled processes. In thisregard, the problem of forming coatings with a predicted geometry of porous formations is of great171practical interest. To solve this problem, a model was considered that describes the porosity ofnanocomposite coatings. The model is built using the method of probability-network modeling andis based on the concept of tortuosity of pore channels. In most experiments, when comparing
statistical and experimental data, an insignificant difference was found.

Pantograph Lever Structure MEMS Accelerometer withHigh Aspect Ratio Torsion Suspension
I.E. Lysenko, D.V. Naumenko*, O.A. Ezhova
Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia*danil.naumenko@gmail.com
The development of MEMS accelerometers is an important technical task to solve the problem ofmeasuring linear acceleration, controlling speed, vibration and the position of an object in space.
Such tasks arise in many areas, for example military consumer electronics, transportation, robotics,
military equipment. Design of new MEMS inertial sensors is always associated with thedevelopment of manufacturing technologies. So, increase in the thickness of the instrument layerof inertial sensors manufactured on SOI structures using the technology of deep reactive-ion etching(DRIE) allows one to create designs with an instrument thickness of more than 100 μm and an
aspect ratio of up to 1:50. Such designs can increase the inertial mass without increasing the areaof the sensitive element, so that we can reduce noise, increase sensitivity and reduce the cost of the
MEMS sensors. Torsion suspensions are widely used in MEMS out-of-plane devices as likemicromirrors, accelerometers, energy harvesters, switches. Thus, the report describes the problem
of using high-aspect torsion suspension for acceleration measurement. A mathematical model basedon the Lagrange equation of the 2nd kind is developed, which allows calculating the linear
movement of the inertial mass and elastic suspensions of the structure. Software tools have beendeveloped to investigate the movement of the sensing element under the influence of external
accelerations, to calculate the stiffness of the developed design. Parametrizable geometric and finite
element models of the proposed sensor are developed, which allow us to carry out numericalmodeling in the ANSYS software package. The amplitude of displacements was obtained as a resultof static finite element analysis and is proportional to the magnitude of the effective acceleration.
At 1g-acceleration, we obtained 4.5 nm along z-axis, and 2.2 nm along x- and y-axis. At 10gacceleration, we obtained 46 nm along z-axis, and 23 nm along x- and y-axis. The design of an
integrated micromechanical accelerometer is proposed. This mechanism can be customized todifferent sensitivity, deviation and range. Customization is achieved by changing the length of thelevers thereby changing the torque and deflection, as well as the rigidity of the flexible beams toadjust the range of measurement of acceleration. This makes it possible to manufacture sensors withhigh sensitivity or high acceleration on a single silicon crystal.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by RFBR research project No. 19-37-90136 “Development of thefundamental foundations for the construction of high-aspect torsion suspensions for inertial
MEMS sensors”.
172

The Method of Definition the Electrophysical Parameters of Spiral Inclusionsin Chiral Metamaterials
I.V. Malyshev*, N.V. Parshina
Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia*im1960@mail.ru
It is known that metal spiral structures [1], modern strip multilayer metal-semiconductor hybrid
InGaAs/GaAs/Ti/Al [2] or other spiral inclusions that are part of the dielectric resin hard alloy areused to produce artificial chiral metamaterials. (The concentration of such elements usually reaches
about 500 units/mm2 [2]). In this case, the electric and magnetic field densities included in theMaxwell equations (𝐷 и 𝐵) will have chiral-dependent corrections for the isotropic Pasteur
medium [1]: 𝐷 = ε𝐸 − jk µ 𝜀 𝐻, 𝐵 = µ𝐻 + jk µ 𝜀 𝐸 , where 𝐸 and 𝐻 are the intensities of electricand magnetic fields; ε, 𝜀 , µ, µ are the dielectric and magnetic permeabilities of the medium andvacuum, respectively; k is the dimensionless chirality coefficient (it is often assumed that k ≤nµ, n is the the reflection coefficient of the dielectric medium). The main parameters of theµspiral are the area of its diameter S and length l, which is usually assumed to be equal to half the
wavelength of the basic frequency l = λ / 2. It was established [1], that the polarization moments 𝑝
and 𝑝 of these spirals will be determined along unit vectors u, and, as planar parameters of thespace of the medium, are find as 𝑝 = 𝛼 ииЕ + 𝛼 ииH, 𝑝 = 𝛼 ииH + 𝛼 е ииЕ. The
polarizability 𝛼 of the spiral determines the medium chiral properties and is expressed in terms of
distributed parameters: inductance L of the spiral loops, capacitance C of the wire (or strip) andintrinsic resistance of the spiral radiator R [1]. For a considered case, it is known: 𝛼 =
, 𝛼

=

µ

, 𝛼

=− 𝛼

µ

=

, where µ is the dielectric

constant of the own medium in which the spirals are located. In this report, we will determine R, L,
C being the parameters for a spiral with dimensions l and S included in relations for thepolarizability parameters of a spiral 𝛼 , will ultimately take this into account in the electrodynamic
properties of metamaterials. By using the substitution x + jy = (1 − 𝜔 𝐿𝐶) + 𝑗𝜔𝑅𝐶, we rewritethese relations in the form:
µ

=

с

=

,

=

с

µ

,

с

. After corresponding permutations, we obtain:= 𝑗µ, from which it follows:= µ𝜔 𝛼 /𝛼.

Carrying out the separation of relations into the real and imaginary parts and the transformationsµleading them to 0, we finally have: 𝑅 =, 𝑙= 𝜔 𝛼 , 𝑆= 𝛼/µ ; 𝐿 = (
)
[

µ

+

µ

]; 𝐶 =

(

) (

µ

)

. These relations

determine the main electrophysical parameters of left- and right-twisted species of spirals, which
are included as chiral-depending elements in the metamaterial composition.

173

References[1] A. Sihvola, I. Lindell, M. Osanen, F. Hujanen. // Electronic Letters. 6(2), 378-383, 1990.
[2] E.V. Naumova, V.Ya. Prince, S.V. Golod et al. // Avtometriya. 45(4), 12-22, 2009.

Asymptotics of Eigenvalues of Large Symmetric Toeplitz Matrices with
Smooth Simple-loop Symbols
I. S. Malysheva
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences, Southern Federal
University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
malir2004@list.ru
This report is devoted to the asymptotic behavior of all eigenvalues of symmetric (in general nonHermitian) Toeplitz matrices with moderately smooth symbols which trace out a simple loop on thecomplex plane line as the dimension of the matrices increases to infinity. The main result describes
the asymptotic structure of all eigenvalues. The constructed expansion is uniform with respect tothe number of eigenvalues.
Acknowledgement
The results of this research were financially supported by the Southern Federal University, grant
No. VnGr-07/2020-04-IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

Dynamic Boundary Element Analysis of Three-dimensional Multiply
Connected Linear Piezoelectric Solids
I.P. Markov*1, L.A. Igumnov1,2, E.V. Boev1
1

Research Institute for Mechanics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny
Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
2Research and Education Mathematical Center “Mathematics for Future Technologies”, Nizhny
Novgorod, Russia*markov@mech.unn.ru
Piezoelectric materials with coupled electroelastic fields are extensively used in many practicalfields. Numerical modeling of transient dynamic responses of piezoelectric solids is an essential
part of their effective technical utilization. In this report, a direct boundary element formulation in
Laplace domain is used to model the dynamic behavior of the three-dimensional linear
piezoelectiric multiply connected solids. Contracted notation is used to combine electric andmechanical variables and quantities into generalized vectors and tensors. Boundary integral
equations (BIEs) for generalized displacements are employed. These BIEs are regularized with the174singular piezoelectric fundamental solutions and thus do not contain strongly singular integrals.
Dynamic piezoelectric displacement fundamental solutions and their derivatives are represented as
integrals over a half of a unit sphere. Spatial discretization of the BIEs is performed using a mixed
boundary elements and nodal collocation procedure. In order to obtain time-domain solutions, theclassic Durbin’s method is employed for numerical inversion of Laplace transform. For a numericalexample, a prismatic multiply connected piezoelectric solid subjected to a mixed electroelastic
loading is considered. Results of boundary element analysis are compared with finite element
solutions.
Acknowledgement
The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Educationof the Russian Federation (task 0729-2020-0054).

An Algorithm for Iterative Selection of Complex Frequencies Applied to a
One-dimensional Dynamic Poroelastic Problem
I.P. Markov*, A.N. Petrov, A.V. Boev
Research Institute for Mechanics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny
Novgorod*markov@mech.unn.ru
Studying the dynamic processes in poroelastic media and structural elements is particularlyinteresting and attracts special attention. Even analytical or semi-analytical poroelastic solutions
often time exits only in frequency or Laplace domains. Studying effects of wave propagation in thetime domain in such cases is in general only possible with subsequent application of one or anothermethod for numerical inverse of Laplace or Fourier transform.
The Laplace transform of a function f t  : R  R , f t   0 for t  0, is defined asF s   L f t    est f t dt, s    i.
0

We consider a proper rational approximation for F s  :bN 1s M  bN 2 s M 1    b1s  b0 Ps , M  N.
aN s N  a N 1s N 1    a1s  a0 Qs 
Then by utilizing the vector fitting by pole relocation method [1], we calculate a partial fraction
decomposition of F s  asPs  N rk
F s  .
Qs  k 1 s  pk
We propose an algorithm for obtaining partial fraction decompositions of F s  with increasingorder of approximation N by iterative adaptive selection of additional complex frequencies s. The
algorithm is tested on a model problem of wave propagation in one-dimensional poroelastic column.
F s  175

Acknowledgement
The reported study was funded by RFBR, project No. 20-08-00451.
Reference[1] Gustavsen B., Semlyen A. // IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 14(3), 1052-1059, 1999.

Microstructure and Tensile Stress Analysis on T6 Heat Treated AluminumBottom Ash Coal Composite Made by Squeeze Casting
Maula Nafi*, Harjo Seputro
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya*maula.nafi@untag-sby.ac.id
Squeeze casting is a casting method by forging molten metal in a mold with high pressure. This
study analyzes the effect of variations in pouring time and duration of pressing on squeeze casting
to the tensile stress and microstructure of aluminum-bottom ash coal composite. The pouring timeused in this study is equal to 5 seconds, 10 seconds and 15 seconds. The duration of suppression isequal to 60 seconds, 90 seconds, and 120 seconds with a 100 kgf suppressor load. The percentage
weight of the composite is 15 kgf with 96.5% aluminum alloy, 2.5% bottom ash coal, and 1%
magnesium. This study obtained the highest tensile test results on specimens with a variation of 15
seconds pouring time and 120 seconds duration of suppression after the T6 heat treatment process.
With the results of 167.2 N/mm2, the shape of the microstructure is rather small and dense which
was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope. This means that the pouring time and the durationof the pressure on the squeeze casting of aluminum-bottom ash coal composite can improve its
mechanical properties.

DFT Study of Strengths of TiAlN Coating on Iron Surface
Yu. F. Migal
Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
ymigal@mail.ru
In many areas of technology, there is currently a growing interest in various ways to increase thestrength of the working surfaces of parts and assemblies. One of these ways is to provide hardcoatings on work surfaces that increase their strength. Numerous papers (see, for example, [1, 2])
are devoted to the study of coatings of TiAlN compounds on iron. In this report, we consider asimple numerical model consisting of six atomic layers that simulates the TiAlN coating on iron.
We use this model and the DFT-based ADF package [3] to consider the following issues:
176

(i) what is the mutual arrangement of Ti, Al, N atoms on the iron surface to provide the greatest
strength of the surface layer under mechanical load?
(ii) how does a dense TiAlN coating affect the strength of the iron layer weakened by defects?
When constructing the model, it turns out to be important that N atoms have significantly smaller
sizes than Ti and Al atoms. Due to this fact, by using these elements, we can create a system witha denser packaging than in iron itself. Along with the geometric factor, the strength of chemicalbinding of atoms of these elements is also important. Taking these two factors into account we candevelop coatings that are more durable than traditional steels. The ADF package allows us to searchquickly for optimal coating options. Fig. 1 shows the structure of the model TiAlN coating on a Fe
surface, weakened by atomic defects. The presence of defects is simulated by the appearance of
impurities (in this case, silicon atoms) in the metal. The destruction of this surface under amechanical load perpendicular to the surface is shown in Fig. 1 on the right side. Calculations haveshown that the tensile strength of such a system is slightly less than the strength of a defect-freesystem, but significantly higher than the strength of a defective system without a coating.

Fig. 1. TiAlN coating on the iron surface and destruction of the system under vertical loadReferences[1] Surface and Coating Technology (Special Issue), 257, 1 – 362, 2014.
[2] R. E. Contreras, R. M. Gomez, et al. //Surface and Coating Technology, 378, 12494, 2019.
[3] G. te Velde, F.M. Bickelhaupt, et al. // J. Comp. Chem., 22(9), 931 – 967, 2001.

177

Temperature Measurement of Turbulent Flame Using CT-TDLAS (Computed
Tomography-Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy)
Min-Gyu Jeon1*, Jeong-Woong Hong2, Deog-Hee Doh1, Yoshihiro Deguchi3
1Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University,

Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
2Division of Refrigeration & Air-conditioning Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean

University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea
3Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University,

Tokushima 770-8501, Japan*jeon85@kmou.ac.kr
In order to satisfy the requirements of high-quality and high-performance optimal material
manufacturing process, it is essential to control the gas system of the manufacturing process. It isnecessary to improve the quality of the product by adjusting various gases in the manufacturing
process. The TDLAS (Tunable laser absorption spectroscopy) technique can be measured by thetemperature and concentration of target gas simultaneously. Among the more advanced
technologies, CT-TDLAS (Computed tomography-tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy) is
the most crucial technique for measuring temperature and concentration distributions across twodimensional planes. This study suggests a two-dimensional useful measurement of irregular flow
or exhaust gases. Furthermore, CT-TDLAS has been adopted to measure temperature distribution
at a cross-section of the Propane-Air premixed flame. The equivalence ratio of fuel can control thissystem. The burner system consists of two sections (main flame, sub flame) for a turbulent flame.
In the CT-TDLAS technique, it is essential to set the wavelength for target gases. Therefore, we
compared two laser system types using a mixed laser (1388 nm, 1343 nm) and 1395 nm laser. The
temperatures, obtained by using the CT-TDLAS technique, were relatively evaluated with thoseobtained by thermocouples.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research
Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education (No.2020R1I1A1A01052771).

178

Preparation of Zinc Silicate Doped with Manganese Phosphor by
Hydrothermal Method
Min Yen Yeh*, Sheng Min Huang, Shun-Hsyung Chang
Jenny Chih-Yu Lee, Chih-Feng Yen, Chyi-Da Yang
Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, No.142, Haijhuan Rd., Nanzih Dist., Kaohsiung, 81157, Taiwan*minyen@nkust.edu.tw
Zinc silicate doped with manganese (Zn2SiO4:Mn2+) was synthesized by hydrothermal method.
Zinc nitrate Zn(NO3)2 and sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3) were used as raw materials. Manganesenitrate Mn(NO3)2 was used as active dopant. NaOH was used to adjust PH value of solution. The
effects of Mn(NO3)2 doping ratio and NaOH concentration on the synthesis powder werecharacterized. The structure and fluorescent properties of the samples were analyzed by XRD, SEM
and PL. From XRD analysis, the hydrothermally synthesized powder (with particle size of 20 – 30nm) for 12 hours and 24 hours reveal good Zn2SiO4 crystalline structure with or without the additionof NaOH. From SEM, it can be observed that the Zn2SiO4 powder gradually agglomerates into rods
as the NaOH concentration increases. The obtained Zn2SiO4:Mn phosphor shows green lightfluorescent luminescence at the wavelength of about 545 nm under 270 nm UV-LED excitation.
The best fluorescent Zn2SiO4:Mn was obtained using 0.14 mmol Mn(NO3)2 and 3M NaOH for 12hr
synthesization. Figure 1 shows the XRD patterns of phosphor powders prepared by hydrothermal
synthesis for 12 hours reacted with different volume of NaOH. It can be observed that all of thesamples reveal Zn2SiO4 Willemite structure (JCPDS: 37-1485) with the identified diffraction peaksof (300), (220), (113), (410), (223), (333), (006), (713), (633) and (416), where the (113) ispreferential diffraction peak of the Willemite zinc silicate. Fluorescence properties of the
Zn2SiO4:Mn2+ powders prepared by different doping levels of manganese nitrate as sodiumhydroxide kept at 1M were analyzed using UV excitation of 274 nm. The samples reveal asignificant fluorescence at 547.8 nm. The fluorescent emission was caused by the transition of
excited state 4T1 to ground state 6A1 of Mn2+. It can be observed that the sample doped with 0.14mmol manganese nitrate has a better fluorescence effect. With more doping amount of manganesenitrate, its fluorescence intensity decreases and the phenomenon means that over doping will result
in concentration quenching for fluorescence.

179

Fig. 1. XRD patterns of zinc silicate doped with manganese prepared by hydrothermal synthesis at NaOH
concentration of (a) 0M; (b) 1M; (c) 2M; (d) 3M

On Extension of Functional Possibilities of the Optical Interference Meter of
the Surface Displacements of Control Objects
I.P. Miroshnichenko1*, I.A. Parinov2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia,
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ipmir@rambler.ru
The optical interference means for contactless measurements of the displacements of the control
objects surfaces are well-known [1, 2]. They are developed on the base of a new measurement
method, namely the method of highlighting the surface of the control object by laser radiation (orthe method of "luminous point") [3]. The marked displacement meters allow contactlessmeasurements of the linear and angular components of the surface displacement of the control
object, and also provide the ability to change the range of measured displacements during themeasurement process without making changes to the optical scheme. The results of calculationtheoretical and experimental studies of functional characteristics of the pointed meters, and theresults of their trial operation allow us to note that there are limitations to their use due to theimpossibility of simultaneous measurements by one device the linear and all angular displacement
components of the control object (spatial displacement). Technical proposals have been developed
to expand the functionality of known displacement meters by measuring the spatial displacementsof the surfaces of control objects. The described results are aimed at creating new contactless opticalinterference means for measuring spatial displacements of the surfaces of control objects.
180

Acknowledgements
The study was performed under partial support of the Russian Ministry of Education and Scienceand Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 19-08-00365).
References[1] I.P. Miroshnichenko, I.A. Parinov, E.V. Rozhkov. Optical Interferential Device for
Measurements of Movements of Surfaces of Controlled Objects. Russian Patent No. 2512697,
10.04.2014 (In Russian)[2] I.P. Miroshnichenko, I.A. Parinov, E.V. Rozhkov. Optical Device for Measuring Displacementsof Control Objects Surfaces. Russian Patent No. 2343402, 10.01.2009 (In Russian)[3] I.P. Miroshnichenko, A.G. Serkin, V.P. Sizov // Journal of Optical Technology. 75(7), 437, 2008.

On the Features of Spatial Temporal Distribution of Displacements andStresses in Layered Constructional Materials at Diagnostics of Their State by
Acoustic Active Non-destructive Testing Methods
I.P. Miroshnichenko1*, V.P. Sizov2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia,
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ipmir@rambler.ru
Analysis of the results of diagnostics of the state of layered structural materials of power elementsof constructions by acoustic active methods of non-destructive testing showed that this raises the
problem of recognition of the obtained measurement results and difficulties in determining theircorrespondence to typical internal defects. The noted problem also exists by performing diagnosticsof the state of layered power elements of constructions made of composite materials. Computational
and theoretical studies of the features of the spatial and temporal distribution of displacements andstresses in layered constructional materials of typical power elements of constructions were carriedout by modeling the process of diagnosing their state by acoustic active methods of non-destructive
testing. At the same time, mathematical models, methods and original software were used todetermine the stress-strain state in isotropic and transverse isotropic layered plates and layered
cylindrical shells, constructed on the base of the generalized scalarization method of dynamic elastic
fields in transverse isotropic media [1]. Methods for a priori and a posteriori analysis were
proposed to improve the quality of diagnostic results. The described results are most appropriate touse by analyzing the results of diagnostics of the state of layered structural materials of power
structural elements of machines for various purposes in mechanical engineering, shipbuilding, andaircraft construction.
Acknowledgements
The study was performed under partial support of the Russian Ministry of Education and Scienceand Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 19-08-00365).
Reference181[1] V.P. Sizov, I.P. Miroshnichenko, Elastic Waves in Layered Anisotropic Structures. LAP
LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken, Germany, 2012.

The Influence of the Structure on the Characteristics of
Pt/C and Pt/C-N Electrocatalysts
E.A. Moguchikh*, K.O. Paperzh, A.A. Alekseenko, A.A. Palchikov
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*liza.moguchix@mail.ru
Nanoparticles of metals deposited on various types of carbon, such as activated carbon, carbon
nanotubes, and graphene, are often used as electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells (LTFC).
Doping a carbon support with heteroatoms is an effective approach for increasing the catalytic
characteristics of materials. Obtaining platinum-containing electrocatalysts based on a modified
carbon carrier is an urgent task in the field of alternative energy [1]. In this study, several samples
were obtained on various carbon supports: Pt/C1 (М1), Pt/C2 (М2), Pt/C2-N (М3), Pt/C3-N (М4).
The synthesis was carried out in a liquid medium, formaldehyde was used as a reducing agent atelevated temperature. All catalysts have a mass fraction of platinum of about 20%. We would liketo note that with the same initial metal loading, the mass fraction of platinum in catalysts with doped
dopant is higher. This suggests that the introduction of nitrogen into the carbon structure positively
affects the adhesion of the metal on the surface of the carrier. All catalysts have a platinum
nanoparticle (NP) size of less than 1 nm. The introduction of nitrogen into the structure of the М2
carrier leads to a narrowing of the bilayer region, which indicates a decrease in capacitive
characteristics.

Fig. 1. Cyclic voltammograms (a) Pt/C samples; potential sweep speed is 20 mV/s; 2 cycle. 0.1 M HClO4, sat. Ar

The presence of N in the carrier structure favorably affects the deposition of metal nanoparticles on
the surface. All catalysts show high ESA values, while in not all cases doping leads to an increasein activity in MOR. When nitrogen is introduced into the structure of the carbon carrier М2, thecharge distribution between the C-N-Pt atoms occurs, facilitating the adsorption of O2 on the metal
surface.
182

Reference[1] Li Y., Feng Y., Li L., Wu K., Bo X., Jia J., Zhu L. // Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 823,
153892, 2020.

Features of the Microstructure of Ferroactive Ceramics of the
KNN-Cd0.5NbO3 System
M.O. Moysa1*, A.V. Nagaenko2, K.P. Andryushin1, L.A. Reznichenko1
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Institute of High Technology and Piezo Technic, Southern Federal University,

Rostov-on-Don, Russia*maksim.moysa@mail.ru
The need to exclude toxic lead from the composition of electrotechnical ceramics, as stipulated in
the European Parliament Directives 2002 and 2011, motivates researchers to search for alternative
functional materials. This was done by us in [1], where solid solutions (SSs) of the (1 – x –y)NaNbO3 – xKNbO3 – yCd0.5Nb2O6 system were chosen as the object. The optimal conditions forthe preparation of ceramics were determined; built phase diagrams (PDs) of the system near
NaNbO3. The basic electrophysical characteristics were measured. Based on this, it was concluded
that the SSs data are promising for practical applications. In this report, we have examined in detailthe features of the microstructure of the SSs of one of the sections of the system (y = 0.10), whichlargely determine the specifics of their macroresponses.

Fig 1. Fragments of the ceramic microstructure of the SS system(1 – x – y)NaNbO3 – xKNbO3 – yCd0.5NbO3 (x = 0.35 – 0.50, y = 0.10)183

It could be seen in Fig. 1 that the bimodality of the structure with plate-shaped (larger) grains andcrystallites similar in shape to a cube, which, generally speaking, is specific for non-bound ceramics
sintered with the participation of the liquid phase, is common for all fragments of the grainlandscape In this case, at x = 0.35 – 0.40, small and large grains are arranged in layers (indicatedby a red dotted line), then (x = 0.45 – 0.50) this periodicity is violated, giving way mainly to coarsegrained fractions, and small grains are consolidated in certain areas (highlighted by dashed lines)
or are framed by larger grains, forming figures of the “flower” type (x = 0.50). Such a peculiarityof the grain structure of ceramics will undoubtedly affect their macroproperties (dielectric andpiezoelectric), which we will report on later.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).
Reference[1] Andryushin K.P. et al. Sodium Solutions of Sodium-Potassium-Cadmium. Preparation,
Structure, Electrophysical and Thermofrequency Properties. LAP LAMBERT Academic
Publishing, 2012.

Effect of Variation in the Composition of the Basic Ingredients and Briquette
Pressure on Calorific Value and Temperature Value of the Briquette Mixtureof Rice Husk and Coconut Shell
Muhyin1, Dwi Yuli Rakhmawati2*, Fahreza Rukmana Witjaksono1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of
2Department of Industrial Engineering, University of

17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia
17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia*dwi_yuli@untag-sby.ac.id
Due to the disbalance between energy needs and availability, it must be balanced continuing tocreate alternative energy. So, the sources of alternative energy, for example, biomass briquettes
arose. In general, biomass briquettes are obtained from agricultural, plantation, and other wastes.
The adhesive used in the composition of the briquette is tapioca flour because tapioca flour is a foodingredient that can be renewed. In this study, we used the basic ingredients of a matrix and filler
and considered briquettes from agricultural and plantation waste, namely rice husks and coconut
shells. The basic ingredients of briquettes go through a separate carbonation process. After thematerial becomes charcoal, it is sieved using mesh 60. Mixing briquette composition consists ofseveral kinds of compositions with the same type of adhesive. The process of printing briquettes inthis variation varies to determine the best pressure for the briquettes. For molds with measurementsof 2.5  2.5 cm2 in a rectangular shape, the briquette is sintered to reduce water pressure at atemperature of 110 ºC for 30 minutes. Based on the results of the analysis, we found that thebriquettes with a composition of 55% rice husk, 35% coconut shell, and 10% tapioca fluor
demonstrated under pressure of 300 kg/cm2, a calorific value of 5432.730 cal/g and a maximum
184temperature value of 429 ºC. So, by comparing with the standard briquettes, the heating value andtemperature value are good.

Fabrication of Strong Macrofibers from Plant Fiber Bundles
A. N. Nakagaito1*, Y. Katsumoto2, H. Takagi1
1Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University,

Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
2Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University,

Tokushima 770-8506, Japan*nakagaito@tokushima-u.ac.jp

The manufacture of continuous fibers aiming a variety of uses such as in textiles, composite
reinforcements, and filters is nowadays in great demand. In addition to high mechanical properties,
these fibers must attend environmental requirements both in manufacture and at end-of-life disposal.
In this sense, fiber bundles from many plants have been converted into yarns and used asreinforcements in composites. However, the mechanical properties are much lower than those ofsynthetic fibers and are dependent on variations in climate and nutrition that fiber-producing crops
are subjected. The latest trend in bio-based materials for composite manufacture has been the
exploration of cellulose nanofibers extracted from plant fibers. Even though having mechanicalproperties approaching those of the strongest synthetic fibers, controlling the proper alignment of
nanofibers has been one of the major challenges. Many successful approaches are being proposedsuch as fiber spinning and hydrodynamic alignment, but they are still complex and costly. To
address these issues, we propose a method to make long cellulosic fibers by maintaining the originalplant cell wall structure and crosslinking the constituent cellulose nanofibers by hydrogen bonds.
By chemically extracting non-cellulosic substances from plant fiber bundles and keeping the fibers
arrangement intact, the drying from wet state produces interfibrillar hydrogen bonds thatmechanically fix and stabilize the neighboring fibers and nanofibers. Manila hemp fiber bundles
had lignin removed by the Wise method and hemicelluloses by alkali treatment, and subsequently
rinsed with water. Wet fiber bundles were twisted and dried under tension to form long fiber bundles
comprised of virtually pure cellulose. Most of the cellulose nanofibers were aligned along the lengthof the fibers due to the previous natural arrangement in the cell wall of the plant fibers. The gain instrength relative to the original Manila hemp fiber bundle was not so significant but the process
might be able to keep the mechanical properties consistent regardless of the property variations
coming from the starting fibers.

185

Regarding Unexpected Properties of Porous Piezocomposites with Different
Maximal Electrical and Mechanical Properties on the Pore Boundary
A.V. Nasedkin 1*, M.E. Nassar 1,2**
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt*nasedkin@math.sfedu.ru, **mohammed.alsayed75@el-eng.menofia.edu.eg
Smart structures are characterized by integrating active materials into passive structures using acontrol system. The piezoelectric transducers are integrated into smart structures as sensors or
actuators. The material properties of piezoelectric materials can be tailored for specific applications
by introducing porosity into them. For example, porous piezoceramics are preferred in hydrophonesensing applications. However, introducing porosity into the piezoceramics decreases its
mechanical strength. To increase the stiffness of porous piezocomposites, A. N. Rybyanets, et al.
in the Southern Federal University developed a novel approach for fabricating the piezocomposites
by transporting micro or nanoparticles of specific metals or metal oxides into ceramic matrices. In
this way, they created a metal layer on the pore surface. In this work, we modeled the porous
piezocomposites assuming different extremal electrical conductivity and mechanical strength
properties of that layer. We considered a simple representative volume composing of a cube of thepiezoceramic material with a compound spherical pore at its center. The compound pore consistsof a spherical vacuum pore and a spherical layer on its boundary. The spherical layer simulates theproperties of the metal layer produced on the pore surface. We created the finite element modelusing SOLID227 ANSYS elements for all phases of the composite. The material properties of thespherical layer distinguish between the different systems under study. In the first system, the poreis coated by a conductive metal layer with negligible thickness. The material properties of the layer
coating the pore is represented as a piezoelectric material with negligible piezoelectric and elastic
moduli, and very high dielectric permittivity moduli. The high dielectric permittivity simulates thematerial conductivity; while the negligible elastic moduli indicate that the spherical layer's thickness
is thin. For the second system, a mechanically rigid insulating layer covers the pore. The propertiesof the material filling this layer was represented as a piezoelectric material with negligible
piezoelectric and dielectric moduli, and very high elastic moduli. The third system considers a poresurface with extremal electrical conductivity and mechanical rigidity. The piezoelectric phaseacquires the material properties of the piezoceramics PZT-4. The vacuum is represented by apiezoelectric material with negligible elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric permittivity moduli. We
developed specific algorithms in ANSYS APDL to solve the homogenization problems using thefinite element method. The theory of effective moduli was implemented in these algorithms under
special essential boundary conditions to obtain the effective moduli of the piezocomposites understudy. The findings of this work confirm that the effective moduli of these systems greatly dependon the material properties of the spherical layer on the pore surface. The conductive layer in thefirst and the third system enhances the electric field near the interface between the piezoelectric andthe conductor phases. Also, the integral value of the electric induction inside the metal volume isvery high. This greatly affects the effective piezoelectric and dielectric permittivity moduli of these186systems. The rigid layer for the second and third systems largely influences its moduli. The resultsof this study indicate that these new piezocomposites could have multiple practical applications.
Acknowledgement
This research was done in the framework of the RFBR project 20-31-90102.

Convective Motions in a Rotating Spheroid at Vanishing Dissipation
Natalia V. Petrovskaya
Southern Federal University, 8a, Milchakov Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
nvp108@gmail.com
The six-dimensional model of viscous fluid thermal convection in a uniformly rotating ellipsoidal
cavity [1] is studied. It is known that in the case of an inviscid, non-heat-conducting fluid the
problem under consideration has exact solutions with spatially linear velocity and temperature fields.
In solutions of this kind the dimensionless vorticity ω and temperature gradient q depend only
on time and satisfy the following ordinary differential equations at   0 :  ω, M  2M 0   k , q   M(1)Mq  ω, q   Q  q  , M  Iω .
3
Here I  diagI1 , I 2 , I 3  , I k  i 1 ai2  a k2 , ak being the ellipsoid semiaxes; M 0  IΩ 0 ,where Ω 0 is the angular velocity of ellipsoid rotation; unit vector k determines the gravity
direction; Q is a constant temperature gradient on the ellipsoid surface,  and  are parametersproportional to the Prandtl number and the fluid thermal conductivity, respectively. We assume thatthe ellipsoid is rotationally symmetric: a1  a 2 . The gravity, angular velocity Ω 0 and temperature

gradient Q are directed along the axis of symmetry: k   e 3 , Ω 0  ( 0 ,0,  0 ) , Q  k (under
heating is considered). At   0 (the ideal convection case), the system (1) is close to the wellknown Euler-Poisson equations describing the motion of a rigid body with a fixed point, the twosystems coincide, when  0  0 . Like the Euler-Poisson equations, the ideal convection model has
an integral invariant (the phase volume) and three independent first integrals, which are thecounterparts of the total energy, potential vorticity and entropy. In the rotationally symmetric caseunder consideration the quantity  3 represents an additional fourth integral, so that the system (1)can be integrated precisely in the same manner as the Euler-Poisson equations in the integrable
Lagrange case [2]. Non-degenerate joint levels of the integrals are two-dimensional toruses. This
allows us to use the averaging method for asymptotic analysis of steady state convective motionsin the limiting case   0 when  and  0 are constant. The results are as follows. For  smallenough in some region of  the asymptotically stable two-dimensional torus exists in the phasespace of system (1). Then the steady state convective motions are periodic or quasiperiodic with
two independent frequencies. Let  be fixed. At  0  0 there is an oscillatory-type periodic
187

motion with zero mean angular velocity. The axis of rotation is constant for it (orthogonal to gravity)
while the intensity and direction of rotation change periodically [3]. This is an analog of thependulum oscillations of a rigid body with a fixed point. When 0   0  ˆ , ˆ  Ο(1) (slowrotations), the motion is a superposition of such pendulum oscillations and the uniform rotation of
the angular velocity vector in the horizontal plane. With increasing  0 the oscillation amplitudetends to zero and the motion becomes close to stationary rotation of the fluid around the verticalaxis. The rearrangements of the phase flow on a 2D-torus (attractor) with a continuous grows ofrotation number do not change the basic characteristics of motion. On the contrary in the previously
considered case of fast rotations of the ellipsoid [4], the resonance ‘tongues’ corresponding toresonances 1:4, 1:3 and 1:2 are very extensive, so that we can observe the hysteresis phenomenon
for periodic motions of this type.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Gledzer E. B., Dolzhanskii F. V., Obukhov E. M. Hydrodynamic Type Systems and Their
Application. Moscow: Nauka, 1981 (In Russian)[2] Golubev V. V. Lectures on the Integration of Equations of a Heavy Rigid Body Motion near a
Fixed Point. Moscow: GITTL, 1953 (in Russian)[3] Petrovskaya N. V. // University News, North-Caucasus Region, Natural Sciences Series. 3, 20–
26, 2019 (in Russian)[4] Petrovskaya N. V. // Fluid Dynamics. 30(5), 673-675, 1995

Studying of Dielectric Spectra of YMNO3-based Solid Solutions with the Use ofComplex Conductivity
A.V. Nazarenko1*, A.V. Pavlenko1,2, Y.I. Yurasov1,2
1Southern Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 344006, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*avnazarenko1@gmail.com
Scientists around the world have been studying the dielectric properties of functional materials formany years. Numerous objects with unique properties and combination of ferroelectric,
piezoelectric and optical properties were created during this time. Moreover, there are many theories
and models to describe physical processes occurring in these objects. Among the existing theories,
the most general is the Havriliak-Negami model [1]:𝜀∗ = 𝜀 + ( ( ) )(1)
However, the physical properties of complex objects often have a pronounced relaxer character inthe temperature-frequency dependences, which is associated with the presence of inhomogeneities,
conductivity, and other nonlinear effects. This greatly complicates the description of the properties188

of known models, including (1), so there is a need to refine theories in the study of such materials.
The objects of studying are solid solutions of YCuxMn1-xO3 with x = 0.05; 0.10; 0.15, which wereobtained using common ceramic technology. Investigations of their crystal structure and grain
microstructure were carried out. The temperature-frequency dependences of the relative
permittivity and dielectric loss tangent (in frequency range f = 102 – 105 Hz) and electrical resistivity
ρ at T = 300 – 700 K were studied. As it is known, Mn-based oxides usually have high electricalconductivity. The introduction of Cu-ions in YMnO3 can provoke a change in the Mn-valency,
which also increases the conductivity. So, it was expected that in YCuxMn1-xO3 solid solutions thestudy of dielectric properties would be difficult due to strong relaxation. Therefore, the aim of thiswork was to study the possibility of applying a new approach based on the Havriliak-Negami model(1) recorded for complex electrical conductivity [2, 3]:𝛾 ∗ = 𝛾 + ( ( ) ) + 𝜀 𝜔𝜀 + 𝑖𝜀 𝜔𝜀(2)where 𝛼 =𝑙𝑛(𝑄 ); 𝛽 = 1 − 𝛼; 𝑄 =[3].

As expected, it was not possible to study the dependences of the dielectric constant using model (1)over the entire range of temperatures and frequencies. However, at high frequencies of the external
field, it was fixed the anomalies in the ε'/ε0(Т) curves [4]. This anomaly was also confirmed byanalyzing the lnρ(1/Т) dependences. It was found that, unlike the classical models, the model (2)fully describes the dielectric spectra over the entire range of measuring frequencies in thetemperature region with strong through conductivity. Thus, this model can be further used todescribe the dielectric spectra of any nonlinear dielectrics, including those with high electricalconductivities.
Acknowledgements
The work is performed as part of the projects of the SSC RAS State Order (01201354240 and
01201354247) and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (State
assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020) with the use of
equipment of the Centers for Collective Use Nos. 1483136 and 501994.
References[1] Havriliak S., Negami S. // Journal of Polymer Science Part С. 14(1), 99 – 117, 1966.
[2] Yurasov Yu.I., Nazarenko A.V. // Science of the South of Russia. 15(1), 31 – 41, 2019.
[3] Yurasov Yu.I., Nazarenko A.V. // Journal of Advanced Dielectrics. 10(1 & 2), 2060006, 2020.
[4] Nazarenko A.V. et al. // Science of the South of Russia. 15(4), 12 – 17, 2019.

189

On Modelling and Identification of Prestress State in Inhomogeneous
Structures Including Coatings and Delamination Zones
R. D. Nedin1,2
1I.I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences, Southern Federal
2

University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Southern Mathematical Institute of Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of RAS, Vladikavkaz, Russia
rdn90@bk.ru

Nowadays, modern materials with a complex inhomogeneous structure are currently widely usedin military and civil engineering. Due to the features of the manufacturing process, most finishedproducts made of such materials are in conditions of inhomogeneous residual stress-strain state.
Deformation models of 1D and 2D inhomogeneous structures like rods, cylinders, plates and strips,
which are common structural elements, are relevant in solving problems arising in modern
construction, in the creation of a wide-range military and civilian technical systems. In production,
prestresses (or residual stresses) are often implemented intentionally in such structures to improvetheir mechanical and operational properties. In this paper, we describe a model of a prestressed
body, which does not explicitly take into account the initial deformation [1]. On its basis, a numberof particular problems on steady state vibrations of 1D and 2D inhomogeneous structures made ofa non-uniform functionally graded material in conditions of an initial stress-strain state isconsidered. Particularly, a problem on in-plane vibrations of a strip with a delaminating prestressedcoating is studied. Variational formulations for all the considered problems are formulated.
Numerical solutions of the direct problems were constructed using the finite element method basedon the weak formulations provided, and the effects of prestress levels in the objects under study on
the amplitude-frequency characteristics and resonant frequencies were investigated [2]. The changeof dynamic characteristics depending on the type of complex prestressed state is studied. For a classof simple structures (e.g., rods, cylinders, strips), the numerical results obtained for the resonancesand eigenfrequencies for different levels of initial stress state were compared to the publishedexperimental results. The formulations obtained are convenient for solving a large class of inverse
coefficient problems in which it is required to determine a level or non-uniform distributions ofprestress fields with the known data on the displacement field. A number of inverse problems on
the restoration of prestresses in plates are considered; their statements differ in the type of additional
information known about the measured displacement field in the acoustic sounding mode. Several
approaches to the reconstruction of a 1D and 2D residual stress states in rods, plates and 2D-regions
are proposed based on iterative regularization, projection methods and other techniques.
Computational experiments on the reconstruction of various types of prestressed state were carriedout, effective modes of acoustic sounding of the plate were identified, and the most efficient andinformative frequency ranges for fine reconstruction were determined.
Acknowledgement
The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 18-11-00069).
References[1] R.D. Nedin, V.V. Dudarev, A.O. Vatulyan // Engineering Structures, 151, 391-405, 2017.
190

[2] R.D. Nedin, A.O. Vatulyan, I.V. Bogachev // Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences,
41(4), 1600–1618, 2018.

Automated System for Monitoring Electrical Parameters of Process
Equipment for Oil Refineries
I.V. Nemchenko 1, D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I.Platov,

Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
The modern rational power supply system of an industrial enterprise should be economical, reliable,safe, convenient to operate, and should also ensure the proper quality of energy and provide for theflexibility of the system, ensuring the possibility of expansion during the development of theenterprise without significant complicating and increasing the cost of the initial version [1].
Decisions requiring minimum consumption of non-ferrous metals and electricity should be madeas far as possible [2]. Modern refineries consist of separate complex process units, the number ofwhich is accepted in accordance with the annual capacity [3]. Depending on the selected productrange, the process flow of the refinery [4] is changed. At oil refineries there are various electric
receivers of process equipment of a general plant nature, from which the most powerful are coolingwater units with pumping stations with a capacity of several thousand kilowatts and a raw materialbase with numerous pumps. The peculiarity of oil refineries is many different motors, asynchronousand synchronous, used for drives of powerful pumping stations and compressor units of various
purposes. The development and research of an automated system for monitoring the electricalparameters of the refinery's process equipment is an urgent scientific and technical task.
References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[3] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[4] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.

191

On the Problem of Identifying Variable Thermomechanical Characteristics ofa Cylinder
S.A. Nesterov
Southern Mathematical Institute - Branch of the VSC RAS, Vladikavkaz, Russia
1079@list.ru
Currently, research in the field of functionally graded materials is attracting more and more attentionof scientists. Knowledge of the real characteristics of the material allows us to evaluate its functional
properties and the possibility of use. Direct measurements of thermomechanical characteristics inthe case of inhomogeneous bodies are impossible. Therefore, non-destructive quality control ofheterogeneous materials requires solving inverse coefficient problems. The direct problem of
axisymmetric vibrations of an inhomogeneous hollow thermoelastic cylinder is considered. The
edges of the cylinder are thermally insulated and are in conditions of sliding embedment. On the
inner surface of the cylinder, zero stresses and zero temperature are maintained, and on the outersurface, a combined load is applied. Thermomechanical properties are considered variable along
the radial coordinate. The direct problem of determining the stress-strain state of a cylinder is solvedon the basis of the method of separation of variables. A set of canonical linear systems of first-orderdifferential equations is obtained, the solution of each of which is obtained numerically using theshooting method. For this, solutions of auxiliary Cauchy problems are constructed. The influenceof the laws of changes in the heterogeneity of thermomechanical characteristics on the boundary
physical fields is analyzed. The inverse problem is posed for finding the thermomechanicalcharacteristics of a cylinder with finite length according to additional information given on the outersurface of the cylinder. The dimensionless thermomechanical characteristics of the cylinder were
restored in two stages. At the first stage, the initial approximation in the class of positive bounded
functions was determined. At the second stage, based on the solution of the corresponding Fredholm
integral equations of the first kind, corrections of the reconstructed functions were found, and an
iterative process of their refinement was constructed. The numerical solution of the Fredholm
equation of the first kind is an ill-posed problem, for the solution of which the regularization methodof A.N. Tikhonov is used. Based on the computational experiments, it was found that monotonic
characteristics were restored with good accuracy.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Southern Mathematical Institute, a Branch of the VSC RAS,
Vladikavkaz, Russia.

192

Investigation of the Activity of PtCuAu/C Electrocatalysts in Alcohols
Electrooxidation Reaction in Alkaline Media
A.K. Nevelskaya*, S.V. Belenov
Southern Federal University, Chemistry Department, 7, Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, Russia*alya.nevelskaya@mail.ru
For many years, methanol and ethanol have been used as fuels for alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells(ADAFCs). According to literature, the electrocatalytic activity for organic molecule oxidation ofsmall molar mass in alkaline media is higher than that in acidic media [1]. Various catalysts areused for the efficient operation of FCs, and platinum-based catalysts are considered to be suitable
catalysts for alcohol FCs. However, the presence of a noble metal increases catalyst production cost.
To reduce its cost and to increase its specific characteristics, several concepts have been developed,
one of which is alloying of Pt with various metals to obtain bi- and trimetallic nanoparticles. The
synthesis of PtCuAu/C catalysts with different structures was carried out by the methods ofsimultaneous reduction of metal precursors and the galvanic substitution method developed
previously [2]. Investigating the materials by the cyclic voltammetry (CV) method, it was foundthat the PtCuAu/C catalyst activity in the ethanol oxidation reaction is higher than that for thecommercial Pt/C catalyst (Fig. 1b). According to the CV data, an increase in electricity amount in
the ethanol oxidation reaction and earlier ethanol oxidation potentials were recorded for thesynthesized materials in comparison with the commercial catalyst Pt/C. However, it was found thatin the methanol electrooxidation reaction, PtCuAu/C catalyst (Fig. 1a) obtained in one synthesis
step is more active compared to other materials studied. The chronoamperometry results show thatfor the synthesized PtCuAu/C catalysts, a higher initial specific current of ethanol oxidation isobserved in comparison with the Pt/C catalyst. The result obtained correlates well with data on thematerials activity obtained by the CV method.

Fig. 1. Cyclic voltammograms of PtCuAu/C catalysts: (a) in 0.1M KOH + 0.5M CH3OH, (b) in 0.1M KOH+ 0.5M C2H5OH

Acknowledgement
This research was supported by BA30110/20-1-04KhF.
References[1] Santasalo-Aarnio A., Kwon Y., Ahlberg E. et al. // Electrochemistry Communications. 13(5),466, 2011.
193

[2] Alekseenko A.A., Guterman V.E., Belenov S.V. et al. // Int. J. of Hydrogen Energy. 43(7), 3676,
2018.

A New Design of Protection Device to Improve Car-to-Truck Rear
Under-ride
Nguyen Phu Thuong Luu
Department of Automotive Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH),
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
npt.luu@hutech.edu.vn
This paper studied on a new design of rear barrier for trucks to improve the car-to-truck rearunderride crash accidents. Rear under-run crashes involving heavy vehicles with rear extension
represents the extreme examples of incompatibility between heavy trucks and passenger cars. This
type of crash often causes severe or fatal injuries to car occupants. The safety of the vehicle occupantspace in car-to-truck rear-end collisions is directly related to the crashworthiness of the car bodystructure. This paper mainly studied the effect of the new rear truck barrier design on car structural
impact in a rear-end accident. To provide a reference on the promotion of car crashworthiness andimprovement of truck's underride guard, this paper analyzed the load path and deformation processof rear-end collisions by simulation method and mainly focused on the changes of car acceleration,
intrusion volume. The simulation results show good agreement with the crash test indicating thatsuch models could be used at a relatively low cost to design barrier truck structures and investigate
injury prevention.

An Optimal Design Truck Cabin by Using Finite Element Model Simulation
Nguyen Phu Thuong Luu
Department of Automotive Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH),
Vietnamnpt.luu@hutech.edu.vn
This paper studied an optimal design of truck cabin structure for improving the occupant safety byusing finite element modeling. Occupant survive space of truck cab is required for all thecommercial vehicles. According to ECE R29 real test conditions, the simulation methods of thefront pillar impact test and the side 20º pendulum impact of the roof strength test for a truck model
are proposed. Based on the current market truck dimensions, a reliable finite element model of atruck is built by using its CAD model. That is used for the modeling of the chosen cabin modules
followed by using Hypermesh finite element meshing and then analysis is done using LS-DYNA
194

by setting the boundary conditions, material properties etc. Crash analysis of truck cab structure
implemented using finite element analysis in order to prophesy the design parameters for curtailinginjure to the passengers of the vehicle. To enhance the impact of the cabin truck, specific structural
improvements are designed such as filling foam in the A-pillars and the side panels, adding a roof
crossbeam, and reinforcing the rear wall of cab. The simulation results of the improved cab structure
show that the cab stiffness is improved, the energy absorption is consistent and there is no intrusion
into the survival space.

Natural Radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in Domestic Well Water and its
Impact on the Health of People in Hanoi Area (Extension), Vietnam
Nguyen Van Dung*, Vu Thi Lan Anh
Faculty of Environmental, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi, Vietnam*dungnvhumg@gmail.com
People are always exposed to background ionizing radiation. The interaction between ionizing
radiation and the biological system can lead to changes in cells or tissues that cause serious diseases
such as cancer, blood, etc. In this work, we determine activity of natural radioactive nuclei 226Ra,
232Th and 40K in well water in households in Hanoi area (dragon extensions), Vietnam. Water
samples were collected from households by winter and summer. The activity of naturalradionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were determined by low background gamma spectroscopy withultra-pure Germanium semiconductor probe, the samples were analyzed at Institute for Nuclear
Science and Technology, Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute. We obtained the following results: theaverage activity of the radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in domestic well water was, respectively,
0.48 ± 0.21 BqL-1, 1.43 ± 0.46 BqL-1 and 8.35 ± 5.45 BqL-1 for winter. For summer, the average
activity of radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in domestic well water was, respectively, 0.58 ± 0.16
BqL-1, 0.98 ± 0.38 BqL-1 and 6.75 ± 3.13 BqL-1. The contribution of radionuclides in water samples
to the annual effective dose for adults is valued at 0.011 – 0.278 mSv/year, in average as 0.176
mSv/year. The study of results showed that the activity of natural radionuclides of 226Ra, 232Th and
40K in domestic well water in Hanoi area (extension), Vietnam is lower than the level recommended
by the report World Health Organization (WHO, 2011). Moreover, the average annual dose caused
by natural radionuclides in the sample of domestic well water in the surveyed area is lower than the
global average value (0.29 mSv/year), which is recommended by United Nations Science
Commission on the Impact of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR 2000).

195

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Metal Removal from Workpiece
Surface during Centrifugal Rotation Processing
Nguyen Van Tho1,2,3**, A.N. Soloviev2*, M.A. Tamarkin3***, I.A. Panfilov2****
1Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Haiphong University, Haiphong City, Vietnam
2Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Don State Technical University,
3

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **thonv@dhhp.edu.vn; ***tehn_rostov@mail.ru;****panfilov_i@prof-cad.ru

In Centrifugal-rotary processing (Fig. 1), the surface of the workpiece is completed and a stableroughness is achieved. To improve machining efficiency, it is necessary to solve the optimization
problem of the technological parameters of the centrifugal rotation: quality of abrasive particles,
their shape and volume, rotation speed, processing time.

Fig. 1. Centrifugal-rotary processing: 1 – fixed cylindrical ring; 2 – rotor; 3 – abrasive particles;
4 – workpieces

Considering the process that a particle pressed the surface of the workpiece by the inertial pressureof the abrasive layer, the dependence of the contact interaction force on time is described by atheoretical curve, for example, the Gaussian distribution curve and characterized by the maximum
value and interaction time. In this case, the particle moves along the workpiece surface at a constant
speed depending on the angular speed of the centrifugal rotating chamber. The mathematical modelof this interaction is the contact problem of the theory of elasticity for an elastoplastic body. The
metal removal is calculated using the Archard model that we have studied. In this work, the finite
element model of the interaction of a particle with the surface of the workpiece is solved in the
ANSYS finite element package. A series of numerical experiments were carried out while altering
technological parameter values of the particle and centrifugal rotating chamber. Based on thecalculation data, a regression model of the metal removal process with a single interaction is196

constructed. The scheme of metal removal from workpiece surface can be constructed on the basisof a probabilistic approach taking into account the random nature of the interaction. A lot ofexperiments have been performed in which various shapes of abrasive particles of different shapes
are used. The dependences of the value of metal removed from workpiece surface on the angularvelocity of the centrifugal rotating chamber are constructed. Through this research, the essential
and important data-sheets will provide for the experiment works and real manufacturing. Hence,time and finance save a lot in achieving the desired surface quality.

Design of Construction Elements for Chemisensors Based on Zinc Oxide
Nanorods
A L Nikolaev1*, M. A. Kazmina1, N. V. Lyanguzov2, K. G. Abdulvakhidov2,
E. M. Kaidashev2, S.M. Aizikovich1
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*andreynicolaev@eurosites.ru
Zinc oxide is a very promising semiconductor material with a direct wide band gap ~ 3.37 eV atroom temperature. Various zinc oxide nanostructures, such as nanorods, nanobelts, thin films,
stimulate a large research interest due to their exceptional properties and great potential for
nanoelectronic applications. For example, the highly oriented arrays of zinc oxide nanorods are ofgreat interest for modern sensorics and photodetection. This is possible due to the high sensitivity
caused by surface defects a colossal effective surface area and consequently a high adsorption
activity [1]. In addition to applications in nanoelectronics, bulk resonators based on zinc oxide
nanorods can be used as mass sensors [3], UV detectors [4], infrared detectors [5], photodetectors[6], etc. The degree of sensitivity to a certain type of radiation, or a change of bulk resonatorcondition is expressed by the shift characteristic (resonant) frequency. The resonance frequency ofthe bulk resonator can be varied within wide limits, because it is directly dependent on the material
and geometry as well as on the mass and dimensions of contacts [2]. Thus, bulk resonators basedon ZnO are a flexible tool of modern sensor technology. The ability to change the geometry andcharacteristics of resonator sensors, creates the potential for broad range of detection effects.
As an active element of such devices is used nanobelts, thin films and ZnO nanorods with
753 MHz, 1.6 GHz and 3.9 GHz resonant frequencies, respectively [7]. As the top contact, Au, Pt,
Al films and Au coated zinc oxide nanorods are used [8]. Also exist other designs of resonatorsensors, such as microbalance resonators proven as high-sensitive devices. Thus, obviously that thedevelopment of high-sensitive devices requires high oriented ZnO nanorod arrays, grown on metal
surfaces. This is essential for surface and microbalance resistors. Moreover, the resulting structures
must have a high concentration of surface defects [9]. Moreover, a non-destructive method isneeded, that allows one to apply the top electrode to the nanorod arrays for precise controlling the
top contact options. In this work, we present three methods (hydrothermal, electrochemical andcarbothermal CVD technique) to obtain a high oriented nanorod arrays on Au surface and a new197

method of obtaining top Au contact. This is an important step on the way to create the high-sensitivegas sensors based on zinc oxide.
Acknowledgments

A. L. Nikolaev and S. M. Aizikovich acknowledge support from the Government of Russia within
grant no. 14.Z50.31.0046. A. S. Kamencev acknowledge support from the Russian Foundation for
Basic Research within grant no. 20-07-00637 A.
References[1] Prabhakar Rai, et al. // Sens. Actuators B: Chem. 165, 140, 2012.
[2] Zhi Yan, et al. // Applied Surface Science. 253, 9372–9380, 2007.
[3] Xiaolei Bian, et al. // Scientific Reports. 5, 9123, 2015.
[4] Ziyu Wang, et al. // Thin Solid Films. 519, 6144–6147, 2011.
[5] S. Kiruthika, et al. // RSC Advances. 6(50), 44668-44672, 2016.
[6] Z. Yan, Xiao-jie Zhou // Materials Science. Proc. 2010 Symposium on Piezoelectricity,
Acoustic Waves and Device Applications, 2010.
[7] Brent A. Buchine, et al. // Nano Lett., 6(6), 2006.
[8] Dechao Yang, et al. // Phys. Status Solidi A, 212, 1–4, 2015.
[9] Nikolaev A. L., et al. In: Advanced Materials - Proceedings of the International Conference
on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2018, Springer
Proceedings in Physics, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Yun-Hae Kim (Eds.). Springer
Nature, Cham, Switzerland, 224, 103-113, 2019.

Intensity of Singular Stress Field in Pull-out Test and Micro-bond Test
N. A. Noda*, D. Chen, R. Takaki, Y. Sano, Y. Takase
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan*noda.naoaki844@mail.kyutech.jp
Wide application of fiber composite technology in various fields is based on taking advantage ofthe high strength and high stiffness of fibers. Many different alternative test set-ups andexperimental techniques have been developed in recent years to gain more insight into the basic
mechanisms, dominating the properties of the fiber/matrix interface. Among these experimental
tests, pull-out test and micro-bond test are most widely used. A lot of analytical studies have been
done to clarify pull-out phenomena in pull-out test and micro-bond test as shown in Fig. 1, but nostudies are available for the intensity of singular stress field (ISSF) at the singular points that cause
crack initiation. In this study, this intensity will be analyzed to evaluate the fiber/matrix interface,properly. Previously, the finite element method and proportional method were used to evaluate the
ISSF of butt joint and lap joint. These methods are used to study the ISSF in pull-out test and microbond test. Fig. 2 shows the ISSF ratio of pull-out test and micro-bond test by varying fiber bondlength lb. It is found that in micro-bond test, no matter how the fiber bond length lb changes, thefiber entry point is more dangerous in micro-bond test. Instead, in fiber pull-out test, the fiber end
point can be more dangerous, if the embedded length is shorter. The ISSF at the entry point inmicro-bond test is about 1.5 times of the ISSF of pull-out test at the entry point under the same198

geometries D and lb. By using this knowledge, the ISSFs of pull-out test can be predicted frommicro-bond test.

Fig. 1. Pull-out test and micro-bond test

Fig. 2. ISSF ratio of pull-out test and micro-bond test

Technical Support of Low-power Multi-cell Wireless Networks
D.A. Onyshko1, A.V. Gayduchik1, D. D. Fugarov2, O. A. Purchina2
1M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Recently, for the organization of distributed information collection systems, the use of Meshlogic
built-in modules, which are designed to build low-power multi-cell wireless networks, has become
widespread [1 – 3]. Compared with other standard technologies, such as Zigbee, the Russian
development has several significant advantages. These include self-organization, auto-search forpacket transmission routes, as well as energy efficiency. Meshlogic plug-ins are represented by the
ML-Module-Z, MLM-CC1120-868 and MLM-LSR-P100 boards. The main differences between
the modules are the frequency range, transmitter power and power consumption. The MLMCC1120-868 module is designed for the frequency range 868.7-869.2 MHz, and the ML-ModuleZ and MLM-LSR-P100 modules for the 2400-2483.5 MHz. These modules fully provide thenecessary functions for working with the radio channel and network interaction, they are optimized
for solving information exchange tasks, realizing a wireless sensor data acquisition network. The
host device in the circuit is a microcontroller that uses a serial UART interface to communicate
with the module (TXD and RXD signals). To control the module, the signals /CS, /RDY, /IRQ and/RST are used, as well as a set of API commands described in the technical documentation for themodule. For a more efficient use of the energy reserve, the modules use the energy control of anautonomous power supply by measuring the analogue PM signal. The external DS2411 chip
implements the 48-bit serial number of the module. For these purposes, we can also use the
MAX31826 temperature sensor chip, which also has a unique identification code, which is199

transformed into a network address in the module. In this case, in addition to the serial number andnetwork address of the module, it is possible to read the temperature using the module. Meshlogic
built-in modules have the necessary functionality and are able to effectively solve many control
tasks, for example: the energy consumption, the environment, the technological parameters ofindustrial equipment, etc.
References[1] Sedov A.V., Onyshko D.A., Lipkin M.S. // Basic Investigations, 12(6), 1134-1138, 2015 (InRussian).
[2] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Nesterchuk V.V., Skakunova T.P. // Prospective of Science,
8(107), 35-38, 2018 (In Russian).
[3] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Skakunova T.P., Gerasimenko A.N. // Science and Business:
Ways of Development, 10(88), 37-40, 2018 (In Russian).

Automation of Monitoring of Technological Processes in the Oil and Gas
Industry
D.A. Onyshko1, A.A. Ponomarev1, D. D. Fugarov2* ,O. A. Purchina2
1M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Recently, large oil companies have introduced new technologies that are aimed at improving theefficiency and safety of the process by reducing overall costs. These technologies allow us toeffectively manage more complex equipment together with fulfilment of all necessary regulatory
requirements [1 – 3]. Many elements of such an equipment, as well as technological processes
require constant monitoring of parameters by the serving staff. However, such monitoring is usually
very inert and inaccurate due to the degree of influence of the human factor. The most effective isthe use of continuous and automated monitoring of equipment elements, which ensures a reductionin the number of errors, and also allows for the implementation, under certain conditions, of acontinuous flow of information about the current state of an object. Moreover, modern technologies
make it possible to ensure a high transmission rate of such information, thereby increasing its
efficiency. To automate the monitoring of technological processes on the components of the oil andgas complex infrastructure, wireless sensor network technologies are increasingly used. A wirelessnetwork sensor is a miniature computing and communication device, which consists of processor,
memory, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converter, radio frequency transceiver, power
supply and sensor. The type of sensor depends on the monitored parameters at the facility and its
connection can be realized via digital or analog interfaces. The network sensor is used only forcollecting, preprocessing and transmitting primary data.

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Fig. 1. General monitoring scheme

The main processing of information of the sensor network is performed on a node or gateway,
implemented as a computer. The network sensors exchange data with each other using built-in
transceivers of a certain radio range. Thus, data is transmitted from one sensor to another according
to a predetermined topology, and, ultimately, sensors are close to the node, transmit the final dataarray to it. Moreover, if some of the sensors fail, then the network continues after its reconfiguration(Fig. 1). Wireless sensor systems are built taking into account the requirements of international
standards governing the protocols of physical channel, as well as network levels of informationtransmission lines. At remote technological facilities, monitoring sensors with interfaces are
installed, which are the “lower level” of the wireless monitoring system (Fig. 2). The key elementof the top level is the AWP and the server.

Fig. 2. General monitoring scheme
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The confidentiality of information on the network is achieved by using appropriate authentication
algorithms and message encryption. The main disadvantage of radio systems based on a sensor
network compared to wired systems is their increased vulnerability to various attacks aimed at
disrupting the operation of the radio line. This violation of work can manifest itself in a breakdownof synchronization, or the imposition of false modes and algorithms for its operation. Moreover, thepurpose of the attacks may be a violation of the distribution of information flows, disruption of theimplementation of services, etc. An analysis of such radio systems indicates the high vulnerabilityof the radio links of the information communication system for monitoring the parameters of remoteobjects of the oil and gas complex from attacks on the synchronization system by using
deterministic synchronization signals in it. By providing the specific probabilistic - temporalcharacteristics of information transmission under attacks on the synchronization system requires
the use of additional measures aimed at significant reducing the likelihood of simulating false clocks.
References[1] Fugarov D.D., Solomentsev K.Yu., Onyshko D.A., Purchina O.A. // Science and Business: Waysof Development, 3(81), 20-23, 2018 (In Russian).
[2] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Nesterchuk V.V., Skakunova T.P. // Prospective of Science,
8(107), 35-38, 2018 (In Russian).
[3] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Skakunova T.P., Gerasimenko A.N. // Science and Business:
Ways of Development, 10(88), 37-40, 2018 (In Russian).

Infocommunication Technologies for Monitoring Systems of TechnologicalParameters of Remote Objects
D. A. Onyshko1, D. A. Saveliev1, D. D. Fugarov2*, O. A. Purchina2
1M. I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
The objective of the study is to ensure the timely collection of reliable information about thetechnical condition of remote objects. The research hypothesis is based on the fact that ensuring
trouble-free operation of remote objects requires constant monitoring of the technologicalparameters of the facility automation system. In the course of the study, methods of analysis of
telecommunication and computing systems were used [1 – 3]. The results achieved allow us toprovide the specified requirements for reliability and timeliness in the development of modern
telecommunication devices for monitoring systems of parameters of remote objects. The advantage
of a wireless network is the simplicity and speed of its deployment, as well as the possibility ofspatial movement of the control system within a stable network connection. A network is a systemwith one host (Host) and several slave devices (Fig. 1), each of which includes a transceiver. It isnecessary to use a computer as the Host device, since its software allows one to best manage
information flows, process and present data in a convenient form for human perception (tables,graphs, histograms, mnemonic diagrams). Moreover, the computer software can be mobile
upgraded, if necessary, change the functioning algorithm of the information processing system andintroduce new devices into the system.
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Host

...

Slave 1

Slave N

Fig. 1. Wireless network diagram

The programmatic description of the network uses the two-level MBus model, which allows one tocontrol the process of exchanging information over the radio telemetric network. To implement thetask of exchanging information in the system, information packages are used, which include: thepacket header, the command code, the Slave address code of the device, the size of the information
packet, the transmitted information and the information packet checksum. Each transmitted byte of
the information packet consists of 14 bits (start bit, 8 data bits, 4 bits of the Hamming code andparity bit). The implementation of the protocol at the level of data representation – Data Link
(second level) is performed by a microcontroller, which performs the function of determining thetime of information bits, receiving information and processing it. Encoding and decoding of packets
is provided by the Hamming algorithm. The transceiver performs the functions of the physical layer(level 1 – according to the MBus specification) of the network protocol software model. The use ofa frequency synthesizer in a transceiver is due to the need to obtain a stable frequency grid in agiven frequency range, a mobile transition with a busy or high level of noise frequency to one of
the spare frequencies and the possibility of entering into a tuner-free communication. Together, thefrequency synthesizer and the voltage-controlled generator form a loop of phase-locked loop, which
is an automatic control system (for deviation). Cryptographic methods are used to protect thetransmitted information at the level of data representation. In order to increase the reliability of
information transmission, the system provides for multiple transmission of messages. With multiple
transmission, you can vary the number and repetition period of messages, achieving the required
noise immunity. Transmission parameters can be determined in advance if time distributionfunctions are known for each of them. If the conditions of the signal passage become worse, thesystem operation algorithm provides a transition to a higher-level code (from the point of view ofnoise immunity), for example, a cyclic code or the Bowes – Chowdhury – Hockingham code, which
are easily implemented by the microcontroller software. Moreover, the analysis of the state of thecommunication channel is carried out indirectly, according to the time required to receive
information from one source, taking into account the number of possible repetitions. If the situation
has not improved with the transition to a new code, according to the algorithm of functioning thesystem, a transition to the spare frequency occurs. In order to ensure the efficient use of the radio
path as a communication channel, a frequency selective feature of encoding information bits is
implemented when transmitting data, which also increases the reliability of information transfer.
The report studies functioning the telecommunication module for battery monitoring systems. The
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structure of the module is justified, in which the specified requirements for the reliability andtimeliness of monitoring the parameters of the batteries of remote objects are provided.
References[1] Fugarov D.D., Solomentsev K.Yu., Onyshko D.A., Purchina O.A. // Science and Business: Waysof Development, 3(81), 20-23, 2018 (In Russian).
[2] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Nesterchuk V.V., Skakunova T.P. // Prospective of Science,
8(107), 35-38, 2018 (In Russian).
[3] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Skakunova T.P., Gerasimenko A.N. // Science and Business:
Ways of Development, 10(88), 37-40, 2018 (In Russian).

Modern Technologies for Building a Wireless Sensor Network
D.A. Onyshko1, P.Yu. Zhmaylov1, D.D. Fugarov2*, O.A. Purchina2
1

M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia
2
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru

The report presents one of the promising options for building wireless sensor networks based onmodern MeshLogic technology [1 – 3]. In the process of expert analysis, certain features associatedwith the process of organizing a network based on this technology were identified and described.
Wireless sensor network is a new class of wireless systems, which is a distributed, self-organizing
and is the fault-tolerant network of individual sensors with autonomous power sources. A network
sensor is an electronic device that may contain a processor, memory, DAC and ADC, radiotransceiver, power source, and various sensors. The nodes of such a network are capable of relaying
messages along the circuit, providing a significant system coverage area with low transmitter powerand, consequently, significant energy saving. MeshLogic technology is a set of hardware andsoftware tools that allow one to implement a set of network protocols for packet data exchange
between network elements. This technology is the basis for the organization of wireless sensor
networks for various fields of application, with certain features that are reflected at the applicationlevel of the embedded software of the network elements, as well as in the configuration of the
network stack. The MeshLogic platform uses network devices with equal rights and the samefunctionality, differences between them are possible only at the application level. Moreover, theMeshLogic system is a peer-to-peer multi-cell network, i.e. packet delivery in the system is carriedout from any network node to any other, while all nodes are able to perform the function of a packet
relay in the exchange process. Such a network organization provides increased resistance to failureof individual network elements, its independent adaptation to environmental conditions. To
organize a sensor network from nodes and a gateway, low-power transceivers of the IEEE 802.15.4
standard of the 2.4 GHz frequency range are used. The distance between the nearest nodes depends
on the propagation conditions of the signals and, as a rule, is limited to several tens of meters.
Wireless sensor network elements with a certain period perform the measurement of signals fromexternal sensors and their preliminary processing. Then the measurement results are sent over the
air to the server. To perform the packet relay function, an automatic search for packet delivery
204

routes is performed. This search is carried out during the initial deployment of the network, as wellas in the event of failure at least one network element. Automatic network reconfiguration provides
a high degree of communication reliability compared to wired and traditional wireless datatransmission systems. Application of MeshLogic technology provides the following advantages ofthe sensor network: (i) network configuration flexibility; (ii) insignificant labor costs for the designand deployment of the network; (iii) ease of expansion of the system; (iv) high network stability
during failures and even failure of sensor nodes; (v) high energy efficiency. The system gateway
stores in its non-volatile memory all the information received from the sensor elements. The archivealso records the time of receipt of data and various service information. Thus, the gateway acts asa center for collecting data from distributed sensors on the network. To create an effective wirelesssensor network, it is necessary to take into account the features of the application at all its levels.
The problem of providing a stable and reliable network is relevant and requires further study.
References[1] Sedov A.V., Onyshko D.A., Lipkin M.S. // Basic Investigations, 12(6), 1134-1138, 2015 (InRussian).
[2] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Nesterchuk V.V., Skakunova T.P. // Prospective of Science,
8(107), 35-38, 2018 (In Russian).
[3] Onyshko D.A., Fugarov D.D., Skakunova T.P., Gerasimenko A.N. // Science and Business:
Ways of Development, 10(88), 37-40, 2018 (In Russian).

Controlling the Optoelectrical Properties of Two-dimensional Nanostructures
Prepared by Laser Ablation in Liquid
Pankaj Koinkar*, Siddhant Dhongade, Akihiro Furube
Department of Optical Science, Tokushima University,
2-1 Minamijosanjima Cho, Tokushima 7708506, Japan*koinkar@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Human life becomes easier and convenient because of the recent development and progresses inmodern technology, although our life is highly dependent on these technological devices.
Technology has advanced with years and it has changed the way of living, traveling, andcommunication. Such technological changes can be effectively used to contribute and addressed
critical issues related to our daily life. Researchers are engaged in performing various experiments
and come up with good data and results which benefit society. In this regard, research on two
dimensional (2D) nanomaterials attract many researchers due to their excellent physical andchemical properties as compared to bulk counterpart. The 2D nanomaterials are capable to hold thefuture fabrication of next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. The 2D materials canbe prepared using many physical and chemical techniques. Among physical methods, laser ablation
in a liquid environment is an alternative, simple, and easy method to generate nanomaterials. In thepresent study, the nanosecond laser ablation is used to produce 2D nanostructures in a liquid
environment. The structural and surface morphological studies of prepared 2D nanostructures werestudied by various characterization methods. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
205

transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy have been used to reveals
surface and structural morphology. It is observed that the laser ablation time is important factor in
determining the size of the nanostructures. The Raman spectra of laser-ablated confirm theformation of nanostructures of different size. It is confirmed that the size of the nanomaterials canbe controlled by optimizing various process parameters used for laser ablation method. Furthermore,
the influence of laser ablation time on field emission properties has been studied. The field emission
current densities and the turn-on fields nanostructures are found to be increased for the laser-ablated
nanostructures. The improvement in the field emission characteristics is attributed to the reduction
in size and shape of nanostructures. These 2D nanostructures generated by the laser ablation method
may be capable of optoelectronic application.

Highly Stable Pt/C Catalysts with Different Mass Fraction of Platinum
K. O. Paperzh*, A. A. Alekseenko, A. Y. Nikulin
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*kpaperzh@yandex.ru
Platinum-carbon materials are used as a catalytic base for the proton-exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC). To select catalysts with optimal functional characteristics, it is necessary to understandhow electrochemical parameters (active surface area (ESA), activity in the oxygen reduction
reaction (ORR), and stability during stress testing) depend on the crystallite size and the massfraction of platinum Pt/C materials [1, 2]. The liquid-phase synthesis method described in detail in[2] yielded Pt/C materials with a close platinum crystallite size of about 1.1 nm (with NPs size of
about 2 nm (Fig. 1)), but with a different mass fraction of metal from 9 to 40%. The influence of
platinum mass fraction on the stability of catalysts during long cycling in the potential range of 0.6– 1.0 V was determined. For comparison, we took commercial Pt/C catalysts HiSPEC 3000 and
HiSPEC 4000. It was shown that with an increase in the mass fraction of platinum, a decrease in
ESA is observed (from 131 to 88 m2/g (Pt)), this is due to the possible agglomeration of NPs causedby the large amount of Pt per unit surface area of the carbon carrier and, consequently, the narrowingof the distance between particles [2]. In this case, with the growth of ESA, the mass activity of thecatalysts also increases.

Fig. 1. TEM images and particles size distributions of 20% Pt/C
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Pt/C materials containing more than 20% of the mass fraction of platinum are characterized by highrelative stability (more than 85%). But the strongest decrease (almost 2 times) in specific activity
in ORR after stress testing is observed with a decrease in the mass fraction of Pt. The functionalparameters of the materials obtained are superior to those for commercial Pt/C analogues, whichmakes them promising for use in PEMFC.
Acknowledgement
This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of theRussian Federation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity No. 0852-2020-0019).
References[1] Yano H., Watanabea M., Iiyamaa A., Uchida H. // Nano Energy, 29, 323 – 333, 2016.
[2] Alekseenko A.A., Ashihina E.A., Shpanko S.P., Safronenko O.I., Guterman V.E. // Applied
Catalysis B: Environmental, 226, 608 – 615, 2018.

Effect of Lithium Carbonate Modification on the Ferroelectric Phase
Transition Diffusion in Lead Ferroniobate Ceramics
A.A. Pavelko1*, A.V. Pavlenko1,2, A.A. Martynenko1, L.A. Reznichenko1
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Southern Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*aapavelko@sfedu.ru
Lead ferroniobate PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 (PFN) is one of the most famous representatives of the class ofmultiferroics, in which the interaction of electrical and magnetic subsystems is observed. Despite
the fact that ferroelectric (FE) and magnetic properties combine in PFN only below 140 – 170 K, it
remains a very interesting object at the same time both from the applied point of view (use in
microwave and sensor technology) and from the position opportunities to study magnetoelectricinteraction, often found in the literature as a component of promising multiferroic systems of solid
solutions. Despite a rather extensive bibliography, many details of phase transformations in PFN,
as well as some features of dielectric responses associated with this, are not fully understood. The
purpose of this study was a detailed study of the dielectric properties of PFN in wide temperature(300 – 520 K) and frequency (25 Hz – 2 MHz) ranges, as well as to determine the effect of its
modification on lithium carbonate on the degree of smearing of the FE phase transition (PT). For
the first time, a method for the qualitative description of PT diffusion was presented in the works
of Smolensky, Rolov, Kirillov, and Isupov [1-3]. Later [4], a new empirical relation was proposedthat most accurately describes the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant in relaxor
ferroelectrics. It was used by us for a quantitative description of the diffusion of FE PT in PFN
samples modified with lithium carbonate in the concentration range from 1 to 3 wt.%. The analysis
showed that with an increase in the concentration of Li atoms in the system, there is a significant
decrease in the dielectric constant at the phase transition point along with a significant increase inits diffusion. Since the observed phenomenon is not accompanied by an unambiguous enhancementof the relaxor properties, it can be concluded that, with an increase in the modifier concentration,207

Li atoms prefer to occupy irregular positions in the crystal lattice, which leads to a smearing ofphase transitions in the objects.
Acknowledgement
This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of theRussian Federation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University,2020).
References[1[ B. N. Rolov // Sov. Phys.- Solid State, 6, 1676-1678, 1965.
[2] G.A. Smolenskii // J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 28 (Suppl.), 26, 1970.
[3] V.V. Kirillov, V.A. Isupov // Ferroelectrics, 5, 3, 1973.
[4] A.A. Bokov, Z.-G. Ye // Solid State Communications, 116, 105-108, 2000.

Preparation and Structure of Thin PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 Films
A.V. Pavlenko1,2
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 194, Stachki Ave.,

Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 41,

Chekhov Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
tolik_260686@mail.ru
Currently, Fe-containing multiferroics with a perovskite-type structure are among the most studied
objects in physical materials science. It is due to the prospects for using them in microelectronics
in various solid-state conditions. The results of PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 (PFN) films structure studies arepresented. The thin films were prepared by RF cathode sputtering in an oxygen atmosphere. Figure
1 shows the X-ray diffraction results for PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3/Si with a film thickness of 150 nm.

Intensity, arb. uits

600

400
001

002

110

200
111

0
20

25

30

35

40

45

50

2, deg.

Fig. 1. X-ray diffraction pattern for PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3/Si (001) heterostructure208

It can be seen that the obtained films are single-phase, polycrystalline with a texture in the direction
001. PFN has unit cell parameters, calculated in the tetragonal approximation, of с = 4.023±0.001 Å;
a = 4.027±0.001 Å with h = 150 nm. This indicates that deformation of the unit cell is present in
the films. Deformation is associated with different unit cells parameters of the film and the substrate.
Varying the film thickness in the range 75 – 150 nm practically has not been affected by change inthe values of c and a.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).

Piezoelectric and Dielectric Properties of the
NaNbO3(001)/SrRuO3(001)/MgO(001) Heterostructure
A.V. Pavlenko1,2*, N.V. Ter-Oganessian1
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,

194, Stachki, Ave., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2Federal Research Center the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 41,

Chekhov Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia*tolik_260686@mail.ru
Currently, much attention is paid to the development of synthetic routes and electrophysical studiesof thin film heterostructures of active dielectrics. This is mainly due to the prospects of their use inmodern micro- and nanoelectronics. This work presents the results of a study of piezoelectric anddielectric properties of single-crystal thin NaNbO3 films grown in an oxygen atmosphere on a
SrRuO3(001)/MgO(001) substrate. At room temperature, NaNbO3 films were characterized byaverage dielectric constant values of ε/ε0 ~ 900 – 1000, low loss tangent tanδ ~ 0.02 – 0.11, andhigh dielectric controllability k = [ε/ε0(0) – ε/ε0(100 kV/cm)]/[ε/ε0(U=0)] = 0.5. The measurementsof the piezoelectric modulus d33 (Fig. 1), suggest that NaNbO3 films are characterized byspontaneous polarization with a polarization component directed towards the substrate. When apositive voltage is applied to the upper electrode, polarization switching is observed at U ~20 kV/cm, whereas during further increase of voltage d33 increases and reaches its saturation of ~100 pC·N-1 at values of U ~ 100 kV/cm. The reasons for the appearance of a ferroelectric state in
NaNbO3 films as well as interpretation of the obtained results are discussed.

209

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80

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U, kV/cm

20

100

0
U
d33

-50

-20

d33, pQ/N

d33, pQ/N

100

-40
-60

-100

-80
0

-100
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70t, sFig. 1. d33(U) dependence of the Al/NaNbO3/SrRuO3/MgO heterostructure

Acknowledgement
The work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 19-12-00205.

Influence of Acid Treatment on the Functional Characteristics of PtCu/C
Electrocatalysts
A. S. Pavlets1*, A. A. Alekseenko1, N. Yu. Tabachkova2, V. E. Guterman1
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow, Russia*angelina.pavlez@mail.ru
Сatalysts based on Pt-Cu nanoparticles show increased activity in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR),
high electrochemically active surface area (ESA) and stability during prolonged cycling. However,
it is known that during the catalyst work, copper undergoes selective dissolution from nanoparticles.
Thus, for such systems, acid treatment is used, which allows one to pre-dissolve copper and its
oxides from the surface of the catalyst [1]. We obtained several PtCu/C materials with a gradientstructure and carried out their acid treatment as an additional step in the synthesis [2]. The
composition of the catalysts is from PtCu0.34 to PtCu0.39. The materials showed a high ESA from 46
to 52 m2/g (Pt), activity in ORR from 222 and to 332 A/g (Pt), and increased stability in prolonged
stress testing (at least 85%). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is presented for one of thematerials before and after acid treatment (Fig. 1). Acid treatment not only makes it possible toprevent the dissolution of copper when working in the MEA, but also to increase the specificcharacteristics due to the reorganization of nanoparticles.

210

Fig. 1. TEM of one of the PtCu/C catalysts before (a) and after (b) acid treatment

Acknowledgement
This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of theRussian Federation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity No. 0852-2020-0019).
References[1] Mani P., Srivastava R., Strasser P. // J. Power Sources, 196, 666 – 673, 2011.
[2] Alekseenko A. A., Guterman V. E., Belenov S. V., Menshikov V. S., etc. // Int. J. Hydrogen
Energy, 43, 3676 – 3687, 2018.

Analysis of Process Preparation of Process Polymer Mixtures
D.V. Petrenko1, D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D.A. Onyshko2
1 Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I.Platov,

Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Mixing processes are widely used in the production of polymers, this is due to the fact that thepolymer in its pure form is not used for the manufacture of products because it does not havecharacteristic properties [1]. The whole thing is that the polymer receives its characteristic
properties only when various pigments, fillers, dyes and other components are added to it, namely
for this mixing process is used [2]. The mixtures consist of several components, if any component
in a percentage ratio exceeds the rest, then it is called a dispersed medium, and the remaining
components are the dispersible phases [3]. One of the tasks is to evaluate the quality of the obtained
mixture [4]. The quality assessment is carried out as follows. Several samples are taken from the
mixture, but not less than ten. The main condition is the volume of samples, which should be atleast 1000 times larger than the volume of the smallest particle. The main problem is that the numberof particles will be different in each sample. Existing automated lines that mix polymers withdifferent ingredients consist of various automation techniques that continuously produce blends inaccordance with software-defined preparation recipes [5].
211

References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[3] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[4] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.
[5] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.

Numerical Study on Screening of Surface Waves Using a Rectangular OpenTrenchА.N. Petrov*, A.A. Belov, M.V. Grigoryev
Research Institute for Mechanics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny
Novgorod, 23, Gagarin Avenue, Building 6, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia*andrey.petrov@mech.unn.ru
In this work, the efficiency of the rectangular open trench in the scattering of the surface waves inthe soil is studied. The influence of the trench depth on the screening effect produced by it isinvestigated. The soil is modeled as a fully saturated poroelastic half-space subjected to a verticalstep load producing the surface waves. To analyze the problem, the three-dimensional boundary
element model in the Laplace domain is used, a parametric study is carried out considering different
trench depth values. The dynamic response of surface displacements in the time domain is obtainedusing the convolution quadrature method. The screening efficiency of the open trench isinvestigated by means of the index Arf, which is defined as the ratio of the displacement amplitudein the case of the trench presence with respect to the displacement amplitude and in the case of its
absence. Based on the numerical tests the contour diagrams of the amplitude reduction ratio Arf are
drawn. It is shown that the screening efficiency of the open trench is significantly governed by its
depth. A more complete understanding of the resulting effects requires extensive research withvarious types of dynamic loads and geometries.
Acknowledgement
The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher
Education of the Russian Federation (task 0729-2020-0054).

212

The Investigation of the Influence of Rapid Thermal Annealing Temperatureon the Formation of Cobalt Oxide Films
V.V. Petrov1, V.V. Polyakov1, Yu.N. Varzarev1, V.V. Bespoludin1*, E.M. Bayan2
1Institute of Nanotechnology, Electronics and Electronic Equipment Engineering, Southern2

Federal University, Taganrog, Russia
Chemical Department, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*bespoludin@sfedu.ru

Currently, metal oxides are one of the most promising materials for use as a sensitive layer in gas
sensors due to a number of advantages such as: high gas sensitivity, selectivity, low cost, etc. Oneof such promising metal oxide materials for use in gas sensors is cobalt oxide, which has such
advantages as: sensitivity to a large number of industrial gases, high selectivity, durability, i. e.
ability to withstand a large number of gas injection cycles. There are two main types of cobalt
oxides, Co3O4 and CoO. Both cobalt oxides are p-type semiconductors [1]. The aim of this work is
to determine the optimal regimes of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) by halogen lamps for theformation of cobalt oxide films. Metal cobalt films were deposited on a pre-cleaned sitall substrateby vacuum-thermal spraying. The thickness of these films was 0.5 μm. After that, the obtained cobalt
films for the formation of oxides were annealed by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) using halogen lamps
in air at temperatures of 400 °С, 500 °С, 600 °С and 700 °С. After rapid thermal annealing, the films
were investigated by X-ray phase analysis. It was found that the formation of cobalt oxides does
not occur at RTA temperatures of 400 °C and 500 °C, and peaks of metallic cobalt (111) (2θ =44.560°) are observed in the diffraction patterns, see Fig. 1(c) and (d). An annealing temperature of
600 °C allows the formation of cobalt oxide. So, at RTA temperatures of 600 °C and 700 °C, cobalt
oxide Co3O4 is formed. it can be seen from the characteristic peaks of this oxide at angles 2θ equal
to 31.42°, 37.04° 41.32°, 45.02°, 59.56°, 65.5°, 69.04°.

Fig. 1. Influence of temperature (RTA) on the formation of cobalt oxide films at annealing temperature of
Co: (a) 700 оС; (b) 600 оС; (c) 500 оС; (d) 400 оС
213

Figure 1 shows that all diffractograms contain peaks of polycrystalline alumina, which is the main
substrate material. The studies showed that RTA at temperatures above 600 °C allows one to form
the phase of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) from metal cobalt, and a temperature below 500 °C is insufficientfor the formation of cobalt oxide.
References[1] Vishal Balouria, Arvind Kumar, S. Samanta, S. Bhattacharya, A. Singh et al. // AIP Conf. Proc.,1451, 289-291, 2012.

Turbulent Blood Flow in a Cylindrical Vessel with an Irregular Walls Profile
T.A. Petrukhina*, N.M. Polyakova
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*tatjana.petrukhina2013@yandex.ru
The problem of stationary turbulent rotationally symmetric flow of a liquid in an infinite cylindrical
vessel with irregular walls is considered. The asymptotic model of the process based on the NavierStokes equations for a viscous incompressible liquid is constructed. The kinematic viscosity of aliquid depends on the axial and radial coordinates. It is also assumed that on the side surface of thecylinder, the viscosity is zero. The non-slip condition of liquid on non-linear sections of boundary
is replaced by Navier boundary conditions, namely the tangent velocity at the boundary is
proportional to the tangent stress. On straight sections of the boundary, the usual non-slip condition
is maintained. At high values of the average axial velocity, wall vortices are formed in theneighborhood of the irregular walls. For quasi-stationary problem, when the pressure gradientdepends on time, a change in the pressure gradient causes a rearrangement of the vortex structures.
The model does not contain the nonlinear and inertial terms. It allows us to obtain an analyticalsolution describing the liquid flow. The finite element method is used for numerical investigationof impurity transport in a given quasi-stationary liquid flow. The main attention in the calculations
is focused on the case of the boundaries with small periodic roughness, when the average boundaryis straight and the non-slip condition is valid on the averaged boundary (but not on the roughness).
For a blood vessel, both the case of the passive impurity transport (blood clots) and the case of an
impurity interacting with the vessel walls (parietal blood clots) are considered. Various mechanismsof impurity interaction with walls are proposed and investigated.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

214

Waste Water Treatment in Reservoir Pressure Support Systems
A.E. Pianov, D. D. Fugarov*, O. A. Purchina, N.V. Rasteryaev*ddf_1@mail.ru
Specialists working in the field of water treatment at power plants deal mainly with fresh water,
relatively clean, with a low content of petroleum products and mechanical impurities [1]. In oil andgas production, water is supplied to water treatment facilities much more complex from theviewpoint of both composition and purification technologies [2]. These are highly mineralized
waters of oil-bearing horizons, often with a large amount of sand or proppant particles, and the socalled "commodity" water, characterized, in addition to mineralization, by a high content of
mechanical impurities (mainly ferromagnetic particles) and petroleum products [3]. Corrosion
damage to which metal of pipes and equipment is subjected in this case causes not only corrosive
aggressiveness of the liquid itself, but also abrasive wear caused by mechanical impurities [4]. In
general, the following measures are needed to protect the environment from reservoir waterpollution: (i) ensuring the deep treatment of field wastewater; (ii) wide use of anticorrosive coatingsand chemical reagents for corrosion protection of oil-producing equipment; (iii) full use of waste
water produced in the fields in the reservoir pressure maintenance system; (iv) monitoring of surface
water condition and quality of waste water used in formation pressure maintenance system [5].
References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[3] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[4] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.
[5] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.

215

Random Vortex Method for Modelling Flow of Viscous Incompressible Fluidin Bounded Regions
A. S. Piskunov*, Yu. E. Drobotov**
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*andrey91y@yandex.ru, **yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
The problem on viscous incompressible flow is considered for a bounded region. The Navier–Stokes equations with vorticity are studied, and the Lagrangian specification of the flow field isused to apply the random vortex method [1 – 4], which accelerates computations in comparison
with analytical and grid ones. Thus, the movement of a vortex particle in a channel in the Cartesian
coordinates is expressed asxi  t  t   xi  t   vx ,i t  ri cos  ,i  1,..., N k  M , k  1,..., K ,yi  t  t   yi  t   v y ,i t sin  ,where  is a random number from the set of uniformly distributed over the interval  0; 2   , N k
is the amount of the liquid particles in the channel for the k -th iteration, t is the time step for theiteration, K is the number of iterations and M is the number of liquid particles at the boundary of
the channel. An important feature of the research is calculating a Green’s function for the Navier–Stokes equations. The one modifies key parameters of the random vortex algorithm significantly,
if the boundary conditions in the problem are considered within a nontrivial geometry.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Kostecki S. W. // Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica. XXXVI(4), 57–63, 2014.
[2] Kostecki S. W. // Archives Civil Mech. Eng., 8(3), 73–89, 2008.
[3] Lewis R. I. // J. Mech. Eng. Sci. 23, 1–12, 1981.
[4] Sumbatyan M. A., Piskunov A. S. In: Proceedings of XIX International Conference “Modern
Problems of Continuum Mechanics”, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 2, 228–232,
2018.

216

Applying Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Redistribute Connections
between Outputs
O. A. Purchina1, D. D. Fugarov1*, S.R. Cherenok1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Redistribution of connections between outputs is possible if the outputs are functionally equivalent[1]. The purpose of the redistribution is to reduce the density of the routing areas, reduce the lengthof the connections, reduce the number of intersections, increase the degree of integration, etc. [2].
Advantages of the ant colony method include guaranteed convergence to the optimal solution anda higher rate of finding the optimal solution than traditional methods. Shortcomings consist in thatthe result of the method depends quite strongly on the initial search parameters, which are selected
experimentally, as well as the absence of a detailed study of the search space [3]. Paper [4] describes
a method of solving the problem of distribution of connections between outputs, based on modelingof collective alternative adaptation. Experimental studies have shown that the use of the algorithm
gives a significant decrease in the initial density of the channel, the total length of horizontal
fragments and the total number of irreducible intersections of connections with each other [2].
References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[3] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.
[4] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.

Algorithm for Redistribution of Connections between Outputs
O. A. Purchina1, D. D. Fugarov1*, A.V. Fedorov 1, D.A. Onyshko2
2

1
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Redistribution of connections between outputs is possible if the outputs are functionally equivalent[1]. As an estimate of the length of the chain, a rectangle semiperimeter describing the contacts
217connected by the chain is used, instead of using the total conductor length criterion, relying on
topology-independent trace modeling (TP-free), a target function is used to more accurately
estimate the cluster of conductors [2]. The switching network is broken down into an ordered set ofareas, each of which is part of the next-in-order area [3]. Recently, methods based on the applicationof artificial intelligence methods have been increasingly used to solve various "complex" problems,
which include problems of distribution (or attachment) of circuits behind outputs [4]. Especiallythere is a rapid growth of interest in the development of algorithms inspired by natural systems [3].
References[1] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[2] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
[3] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[4] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.

Search Procedure Based on Modelling Collective Alternative Adaptation
O. A. Purchina1, D. D. Fugarov1*, S. O. Lagoyda1, D. A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Adaptation is the ability of a living organism or technical system to change its state and behavior(parameters, structure, algorithm and functioning) depending on the change in environmental
conditions by accumulating and using information on it [1]. The process of search adaptation has
the following many-stage character, at each stage of which the adapting effect on the object isdetermined, increasing its efficiency and optimizing quality criteria. Initial connection to outputs isgiven [2]. On each iteration under the action of adaptive action group, re-switching of units is
performed, which does not change logical function of circuit [3]. As a model of the learning system,
Cetlin M.L. proposed a probabilistic learning machine called an adaptation machine. The state of
the adaptation machine corresponds to some alternative of adaptive effect on the object [2]. In theprocess of adaptation based on the responses of the external environment, the machine changes tothe state corresponding to the best alternative of adaptive action on the object [4].
References[1] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[3] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
218

[4] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.

Application of Hybrid Immune Algorithms to Solve Fuzzy Optimization
Problems
O. A. Purchina1, A.Y. Poluyan1, D. D. Fugarov1*, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
The main purpose of the study is to develop effective methods and algorithms based on theprinciples of hybrid operation of the immune system and evolutionary search to determine a global
optimal solution for optimization problems [1]. It is proposed to use the integration of modified
evolutionary algorithms and immune algorithms to solve the problem [2]. There is no precise
method for effectively solving fuzzy optimization problems in polynomial time. However,
evolutionary bionic methods proved to be suitable for solving these problems by determining close
to optimal solutions in acceptable time [3]. The hybrid algorithm is able to provide multiple
solutions that represent a trade-off between multiple goals. Very little research has focused on
optimizing more than one goal, and even lesser studies had a clearly considered variety of solutions
that is crucial to the good performance of any evolutionary calculation method [3, 4].
References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 022013, 2018.
[2] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 032179, 2018.
[3] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A. //Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1015, 012055, 2018.
[4] Chernyshev Y.O., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Basova A.V., Smirnova O.V. //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 80(1), 13-20, 2015.

219

Chemical Ordering, Magnetic and Ferroelectric Phase Transitions in
Multiferroic BiFeO3 – AFe1/2Sb1/2O3 (A = Pb, Sr) Solid Solution Ceramics
Fabricated by a High-pressure Synthesis
S.I. Raevskaya1, N.M. Olekhnovich2, A.V. Pushkarev2, Y.V. Radyush2, S.P. Kubrin1,
V.V. Titov1, E.A. Artseva1, I.P. Raevski1*, S.I. Shevtsova1,3, C-C. Chou4,
M.A. Malitskaya1
1Research Institute of Physics and Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University,

344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus, 220072, Minsk, Belarus
3Institute of Earth Sciences, Southern Federal University, 344090, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
4National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan*igorraevsky@gmail.com
Ceramic samples of (1 – x)BiFeO3 – xPbFe1/2Sb1/2O3 and (1 – x)BiFeO3 – xSrFe1/2Sb1/2O3 solid
solutions with a perovskite structure were obtained using high-pressure synthesis at 6 GPa. Roomtemperature Mössbauer spectra of the compositions with 0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1 show the quadrupole-split lines.
For compositions with 0.8 ≤ x ≤ 1 a singlet component, being a fingerprint of the Fe and Sb ordering[30], was present as well, its intensity being increased as x grows. Dielectric studies, corresponding
to the ferroelectric phase transition, strongly deviates downward from a straight line, connecting
the Tm values of the end components of the solid solution. Such type of Tm(x) dependence is typicalfor binary solid solutions having as one of the components highly chemically B-site ordered double
perovskite [1, 2]. Magnetic phase transition temperatures TN of (1 – x)BiFeO3 – xPbFe1/2Sb1/2O3
compositions with 0.6 ≤ x ≤ 1 are substantially lower than those of (1 – x)BiFeO3 – xPbFe1/2Nb1/2O3
ones with the same x values. This difference seems to be due to the chemical ordering of Fe3+ andSb5+ ions as the ordering lowers the number of the Fe-O-Fe bonds which determine the TN value[3]. As both X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer studies have shown that long-range chemical orderingof these ions is observed only for compositions with x ≥ 0.9, the ordering is believed to realize at
the nanoscale (short-range or local ordering). These data show the possibility of tailoring the TNvalues of multiferroic solid solutions by changing the chemical ordering degree of B-site ions. The
TN values of (1 – x)BiFeO3 – xSrFe1/2Sb1/2O3 compositions are lower than those of(1 – x)BiFeO3 – xPbFe1/2Sb1/2O3 ones with the same x values. This difference is presumably due tothe possibility of additional magnetic superexchange between Fe3+ ions via the empty 6p states of
Bi3+ and Pb2+ ions in the latter solid solution [4, 5].
Aknowledgements
This study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grants 18-52-00029, and 2052-00045) and Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Researches (Grants T18R-048
and T20R-169).
References[1] K. Uchino, S. Nomura // Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 18, 1493, 1979.
[2] X. Yang, C. Wang, F. Zhuo, et al // Mater. Design. 183, 108168, 2019.
[3] M. A. Gilleo // J. Phys. Chem. Sol. 13, 33, 1960.
220

[4] R. De Sousa, M. Allen, M. Cazayous // Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 267202, 2013.
[5] I. P. Raevski, S. P. Kubrin, S. I. Raevskaya et al // Phys. Rev. B, 80, 024108, 2009.

Effect of Driving Torque on Interfacial Creep Generation for Shrink-fitted
Bimetallic Work Roll Considering Elastic Deformation of Shaft
Rahimah Abdul Rafar*, Nao-Aki Noda, Xuchen Zheng, Hiroyuki Tsurumaru,
Yudai Taruya, Yoshikazu Sano
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan*eimah7178@gmail.com
Various metallic rolls are used in the rolling line of the steelworks, for example, rolling roll, picklingroll, plating roll, sink roll and steel sheet transporting roll. Since those rolls are usually operated
consecutively, wear and roughness always appear on the roll surface. After the abrasion, most of
the conventional solid type rolls must be replaced totally since the shaft and body are integrated.
However, if the body and the shaft are formed into a jointed structure for example shrink-fitted
structure, only the worn body portions are required to be replaced. Regarding a shrink-fitted
construction type, the interfacial creep sometimes appears between the shaft and the shrink-fitted
sleeve. This interfacial creep can be regarded as the relative displacement between the sleeve andthe shaft, which often causes the roll damage. In the previous study, the FEM simulation is
performed to clarify the effect of driving torque on the interfacial creep by considering the driving
motor torque. In this paper, the FEM analysis of the effect of driving torque on the interfacial creep
is performed by changing the shaft from a rigid body to an elastic body.
Shrink fitted

Sleeve
Shaft

0.6

P
Elastic body

0.5

Elastic body

0.4

Elastic shaft (T = Tm )0.3

Hot strip
Driving torqueT

0.2

Rigid shaft (T = Tm )

0.1

Rigid

0

S

(Displacement and rotation
are fixed)

Fig.1. Modelling of FEM2D model

0

180

360
 

540

720

P

Fig. 2. Comparison of history of mean displacements
for rigid shaft (T = Tm) and elastic shaft (T = Tm)

Fig. 1 shows the numerical simulation model used in this study. Fig 2 shows the relationship( )~ ( )between the load shift angle ϕ and the average interface displacement 𝑢 , .
. From Fig. 2, it is221found that the relative displacement in the interfacial creep is accelerated by the presence of the
motor torque significantly. The effects of motor drive torque on the displacement and average
displacement along the interface were also discussed by varying the motor torque.

Microaxelerometer Based on Self-organizing Semiconductor Heterostructures
A. Sh. Rakhmatulin*, V. D. PopovSouthern Federal University, Department of Construction and Technology of Electronic Devices,
347922, Taganrog, Russia*rahmatulin@sfedu.ru
The use of accelerometers is increasing every year, both in consumer electronics from toys tosmartphones, and in the industrial field, for example, space satellites, rockets and militaryequipment in general, due to the relatively small price, small size and low power consumption. In
this paper, we consider the development (see Fig. 1) and simulation of a tunnel-type
micromechanical accelerometer.

Fig. 1. Structure of three-axis accelerometer: (1) silicon substrate; (2) sensor, measuring X-deviation; (3)sensor that measures the deviation along Y-axis; (4) sensor, measuring deviation in Z-axis

A feature of the proposed sensor is a design that includes a nanoscale displacement transducer basedon the tunnel effect, as well as a technological manufacturing route, including a self-assembly
operation based on controlled self-organization of mechanically strained Ga/As and In/As
semiconductor heterostructures. Distinctive features of the proposed design are: (i) the possibilityof its integral production by group processing methods using standard technological operations; (ii)the possibility of precision formation of a tunneling contact with a gap of the order of a few
nanometers; (iii) the possibility of incorporating into the structure of a functionally and222technologically integrated calibration system and accelerometer signal processing circuitry,recording linear acceleration on all planes, high precision design. The integrated circuit provides asignal pick-up, its amplification and processing, followed by transmission in analog or digital form.
Based on the results of modeling the developed structure, a high sensitivity of the structure wasdetermined, which can predetermine its use. A conclusion was drawn about the possible
construction of this structure on an industrial scale. It was obtained that when applying acceleration
on one axis, then offsets on the other axes almost never happen. This fact suggests that the structureof the accelerometer is noise immunity. For example, highly sensitive microelectromechanicalaccelerometers can be used in some special areas, in particular for monitoring seismic activity, as
well as for registering microvibrations in high-precision industries.

Nitrate Graphite Co-intercalated with Carboxylic Acids: Structural
Reorganization and Carbon Nanoparticles Obtaining
E.V. Raksha1*, A.A. Davydova1, Yu.V. Berestneva2**, O.N. Oskolkova1, P.V. Sukhov1,
V.A. Glazunova3, G.K. Volkova3, V.V. Gnatovskaya1, O.M. Padun1,
M.V. Savoskin1, I.A. Verbenko4, Yu.I. Yurasov4,5
1L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Donetsk, 283114, Ukraine
2Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of

the Russian Academy of Sciences, 97, Universitetskij prospekt, Volgograd, 400062, Russia
Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after A.A. Galkin, Donetsk, Ukraine
4
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
5Southern Scientific Centre RAS, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

3*elenaraksha411@gmail.com; **berestnevayuv@mail.ru
Synthesis of graphite nitrate co-intercalation compounds (GNCCs) with a variety range oforganic compounds makes it possible to control the stability/lability of the GNCCs that is promising
for the further production of carbon nanoparticles based on them. Structural characteristics of theobtained GNCCs with carboxylic acids were determined from X-ray patterns of GNCCs samples.
Noticeable structural reorganization of the GNCC with acetic acid was observed by XRPD method(Fig. 1). Additional information on the behavior of GNCCs with carboxylic acids and esters in asolvent medium used for their liquid-phase exfoliation, and possible competition of organic
cointercalants during the GNCCs formation was obtained by NMR 1H spectroscopy. We havedemonstrated the possibility of graphene-like particles as well as nanoscrolls obtaining by liquid
phase exfoliation of the GNCCs assisted with sonication (Fig. 2). Planar sizes of the as-prepared
few-layer graphenes reached several tens of μm according to TEM data (Fig. 2). The length anddiameter of nanocrolls formed in the system varies over a wide range.

223

Fig. 2. Representative
TEM images of carbon
nanoparticles, obtainedby sonication of the
GNCC with acetic acid in
ethanol

Fig. 1. X-ray patterns of the GNCC
with acetic acid at different intervals
after synthesis

Acknowledgement
The work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation:
projects №№ 3.6371.2017/8.9, 3.6439.2017/8.9 (the basic part of the state task).

Problems of Hydrothermal Synthesis of Sodium Bismuth Titanate
E. A. Reshetnikova*, I. V. Lisnevskaya, A. I. Terekhin
Faculty of Chemistry, Southern Federal University,
7, Zorge Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*brightc@yandex.ru
We have studied phase formation processes during sodium bismuth titanate, Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT),
synthesis under hydrothermal conditions at a temperature of 230 °C for 24 and 48 h using
stoichiometric mixtures of titanium oxide and bismuth hydroxide and NaOH solutions in theconcentration range 5–30 M [1]. The results demonstrate that, at sodium hydroxide concentrationsin the range ≤ 10 M, there is almost no reaction between the starting reagents. In the concentration
range 10–15 M, two-phase products are formed, containing a perovskite-like phase and the
Bi12TiO20 bismuth titanate. Single-phase samples with the perovskite structure are formed at NaOH
concentrations from 18 to 20 M, but their composition differs considerably from the stoichiometricone (Na0.61–0.69Bi0.39–0.31TiO2.89–2.81δ0.11–0.19, where δ stands for an oxygen vacancy). In the NaOH
concentration range 22–30 M, first partial and then complete Bi3+ dissolution occurs. Increasing thesynthesis time helps to stabilize the perovskite phase. The single-phase NBT ceramics haveresistivity of 1.3109 Ωcm, dielectric permittivity ε/ε0 = 360, dielectric loss tangent tan δ = 0.15,
longitudinal electromechanical coupling coefficient Kp = 0.068, piezoelectric charge coefficients
d31 = 6.7 pC/N and d33 = 9 pC/N, and piezoelectric voltage coefficients g31 = 2.07 mVm/N and g33= 2.84 mVm/N. The relatively low piezoelectric performance of the ceramics is obviously due tothe imperfect structure of the synthesized phases.
Reference[1] E. A. Reshetnikova, I. V. Lisnevskaya, A. I. Terekhin // Inorganic Materials, 56(1), 83–90,
2020.
224

Use of Mathematical Methods in Hydrochemical Researches of Natural Waters
A.N. Reshetnyak1*, O.S. Reshetnyak1,2**
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Hydrochemical Institute of Roshydromet, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*reshetnyak_a_n@mail.ru, **osreshetnyak@sfedu.ru
The formation of the chemical composition of natural waters is influenced by a large number offactors (natural and man-made) of different strength and orientation. For this reason the currently
available hydrochemical information characterizing the quality of water may be heterogeneous. In
general, the variational series of water quality data are numerous, so is difficult to reveal any
regularity of their variation. On the one hand, the series of hydrochemical data have all theproperties of statistical aggregates, on the other hand, they have a number of specific features.
Mostly hydrochemical data have the properties of non-equidistance (uneven sampling),
heterogeneity (due to changes in chemical analysis methods or observation conditions and theformation of the chemical composition of natural waters) and temporal non-stationarity (daily,
annual fluctuations as well as longer periodic processes known as the hydrochemical regime ofrivers). Typically, samples of hydrochemical data are rarely subject to the law of normal distribution,with the exception of individual chemicals. Therefore, it is necessary to use the methods of
nonparametric statistics in the statistical processing of data. One of the stages of data processing
should be a check for the normality of distribution according to one of the widely used criteria(Smirnov, Kolmagorov-Smirnov, etc.) and the selection of genetically homogeneous aggregatesaccounting the processes that determine the chemical composition of natural waters, primarily,
accounting hydrological phases. Violation of the normality of the distribution of hydrochemical
data introduces a restriction on the use of a number of standard statistical estimates (calculation ofarithmetic mean, geometric mean, span, variance, etc.), traditionally used in the analysis of longterm observation data. For the correct statistical analysis of hydrochemical data in case of
distribution deviations from the normal law or the unknown distribution law as well as with shortsamples it is recommended to use the so-called robust, or stable (noise-resistant) approaches.
According to Huber, they can be divided into approaches based on the use of L-, R-, and Mestimates. The L-estimates are linear combinations of ordinal statistics (median, truncated average,
winsorized average, etc.). R-estimates are determined using rank statistics, M-estimates are
determined similarly to the maximum likelihood method using various weighting functions. The
use of the maximum likelihood principle originates from the works of D.A. Rodionova in theclassification of geological objects. This approach implies the selection of homogeneous groups
when there are more than two data sets. Further, multidimensional grouping methods have beendeveloped and the grouping method widely used in recent years is formulated in such a way thatthe separation of the initial heterogeneous population into homogeneous groups is carried out by
dichotomous division. The consistent application of the rule for checking the stability of intergroupboundaries allows us to eliminate erroneous delimitations. When one needs for processing large
arrays of heterogeneous data the use of multidimensional statistics can serve as an auxiliary
procedure that automates the collection and generalization of primary information, presents it in acompact form, classifies it, and filters out gross errors, and highlights the main factors. The principal
225

component method helps researchers to cope with these tasks. Using of the principal component
method allows one to obtain mathematical models without loss of information content up to thestage of modeling hydrochemical processes.
Acknowledgement
The study was conducted as part of the work of the Student Scientific Society “Modern Problemsof Environmental Geochemistry” at the Institute of Earth Sciences, SFedU.

Eco-friendly Electric Tourism Boat Design for Prone Rivers. Case Study: at
Kalimas River, Surabaya, Indonesia
R. A. Retno Hastijanti1*, M. Bayu Abisatya2
1Architecture Department, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya, Indonesia
2Design and Construction Department, Surabaya State Polytechnic of Shipping, Indonesia*retnohasti@untag-sby.ac.id
Surabaya is one of the biggest metropolitan cities in Indonesia, it has scarcest natural beauty,
therefore to increase tourism in the city, it must be improved by urban tourism. Currently the cityof Surabaya has a river boat tour of the Kalimas river, which has the potential to be developed into
one of the main attractions of tourism in the city of Surabaya, currently the ship used for the Kalimas
river tourism is conventional power boat, where they use gasoline-powered outboard engines,
capable of polluting the river ecosystem. The current battery’s and electric outboard motors
technology are experiencing rapid technological advances which have the ability to compete. In
order to replace conventional outboard engines, and also be more environmentally friendly, there isa necessity in waters that have fragile ecosystems such as the Kalimas river. The design and survey
results can be determined that the designed ship is capable of carrying 20 visitors and from that thetour boat will have a length of 12 meters, a width of 3 meters, and a draft of 0.37 meters, The electricmotor used is Torqeedo deep blue 25 RLX with maximum output power 17 kWh, and for an
operational duration of 4 hours is equipped with battery module capacity of 31 kWh. To determine
the stability of the ship, a stability analysis was carried out using IMO Intact Stability A.749 (18)and good running results were obtained, as well as calculating the estimated production costs ofelectrically powered tourist boats to be efficient.

226

Turing Instability in the Gierer-Meinhardt System
S.V. Revina1,2*, A.S. Ryabov2**
1Southern Mathematical Institute of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of

Sciences, Vladikavkaz, Russia
2I. I. Vorovich Institute for Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences,

Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*svrevina@sfedu.ru, **caliing-windows@yandex.ru
At the present time, a significant attention is given to the analysis of nonlinear parabolic systems,
called reaction-diffusion systems. These partial differential equations have found a wide range ofpractical applications in theoretical biology, chemistry, physiology. In this paper, we consider theclassical Gierer-Meinhardt system, which is an activator - substrate system and, in particular,
describes the process of regeneration of parts of the hydra body. It is assumed that the system isconsidered in an arbitrary bounded domain, on the boundary of which the Neumann boundary
conditions are satisfied. As the parameters change, spatially inhomogeneous structures withcomplex behavior resulting from bifurcations born in such systems. Of particular importance arespatially inhomogeneous solutions of the reaction-diffusion equations arising from spatiallyhomogeneous solutions in the result of diffusion instability. The mechanism of diffusion instability
was proposed by A. Turing in 1952 to describe the process of morphogenesis. Later, the term
"Turing instability" was used for diffusion instability in reaction-diffusion systems. The equilibrium
position of a system of partial differential equations is called Turing unstable, if it is stable for thesystem in the diffusionless approximation, but loses stability in the presence of diffusion. The region
in the parameter space of the system in which the Turing instability occurs is called the Turing
instability region. Despite the large number of publications on Turing instability in reactiondiffusion systems, many problems remain unexplored. As a rule, only the region of necessary
Turing instability conditions is analytically investigated, while numerical methods are used toconstruct the region of sufficient conditions. In the present study, the approach of work [1] is used
to analytically describe the domain of sufficient Turing instability conditions. An analyticaldescription is given of the region of necessary and sufficient Turing instability conditions in the
Gierer – Meinhardt system, and a range of critical wave numbers is found under which thisinstability arises, depending on the ratio of the diffusion coefficients of the activator and substrate.
Using the Lyapunov-Schmidt method, spatially inhomogeneous stationary structures are found thatare formed at a critical value of the diffusion parameter.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] Revina S. V., Lysenko S. A. In: Proceedings of Eight China-Russian Conference, Southern
Federal University, I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science, 44–
48, 2019.

227

The Use of Plasma Chemical Methods for Producing Carbon Nanostructures
Based on SiC
A.A. Rezvan*, V.S. Klimin, I.N. Kots, O.A. Ageev
Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Electronic Equipment Engineering,Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia*arezvan@sfedu.ru
Si is still main semiconductor material for modern electronics, however, in a number of areas it isstarting to lose ground. Speaking about the power electronics area, the most promising materials
here are GaN and silicon carbide SiC [1]. Recently, with discovery of layer etching techniques,interest in SiC has again increased, which allows formation of functional elements corresponding
to given parameters on its surface with high accuracy. This work is aimed at demonstrating therelevance of applying layer-by-layer etching technique for the formation of emission carbon
nanoscale structures on surface of SiC based on plasma chemical etching. The work was carried out
on carbon surface of plates of intrinsic SiC. After that, samples were placed in vacuum chamber offocusing ion beam module and oriented so that stream of accelerated ions fell on the substrate in
the normal direction. The working vacuum during exposure of the beams was maintained at (1 – 2)
× 10‒4 Pa. At this stage, an array of pointed cathodes was formed on surface of SiC. The carbon
nanosize layer was formed by etching atomic layer in a fluoride plasma. SF6 was used as a fluorine
containing gas, which made it possible to etch surface layer of SiC. At the same time, their crystal
lattice removed only Si and formed a thin carbon layer on surface of samples. The study of surface
topology at each iteration was carried out using scanning electron microscopy.These structures havethe same electrical parameters of carbon nanotubes, however, technology obtained allows one toform emission structures at lower temperatures and shorter preparation times, meeting the specified
parameters. At the end of a series of experimental studies, it was found that the presented technology
for producing graphene films on the surface of SiC wafers by etching on the atomic layer allows
one to obtain a carbon structure in accordance with the specified parameters at lower temperatures
than during the thermal destruction of SiC substrates.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Grant of the President of the Russian Federation
No. МК-3512.2019.8. The results were obtained using the equipment of the Research and
Education Center and Center for Collective Use "Nanotechnologies" of Southern Federal
University.
Reference[1] Rezvan A.A., Klimin V.S. Abstracts & Schedule of the 2017 International Conference on“Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (14-16 October, 2017,
Jabalpur, India), PDPM Press: Jabalpur, 198, 2017.

228

Carbon Based Nanoelectronics Device Sensitive to Gas Parameters
A.A. Rezvan*, V.S. Klimin, J.V. Morozova
Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Electronic Equipment Engineering,Southern Federal University, Taganrog, Russia*arezvan@sfedu.ru
Currently, carbon has become a widely available material for various devices that can find theirapplication in our daily lives. Already there are a number of developments on formation on its basisof solar cells, rechargeable batteries, touch displays, various coatings and so on. This fact is
explained by a wide range of various properties and parameters of carbon [1 – 3]. Moreover, in
addition to physical and electrical, there is particular interest to chemical parameters of carbon,
consisting in using carbon in sensor devices. So relevant is the use of carbon nanoscale structures
to obtain devices that are sensitive to changes in environmental characteristics, in particular, apressure sensor. Si-plates were used to form the sensor. Surfaces of plates underwent standard
cleaning and degreasing operations, as well as grinding and polishing. Then, Ni based contacts wereformed on several plates by magnetron sputtering. A carbon nanoscale layer was deposited on theobtained layer using the method of plasma chemical vapor deposition. For formation of structures,a mixture of gases from acetylene and argon was introduced into the working chamber. The
resulting plates were connected using the anode welding method. The end of research work wasformation of upper contacts and electrodes.
According to the obtained data, volt-ampere characteristics were constructed from experimental
studies, the dependences on which completely satisfy the Paschen law. The sensitivity of theexperimental layout is 2.410‒8 A/Pa.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Grant of the President of the Russian Federation
No. МК-3512.2019.8. The results were obtained using the equipment of the Research and
Education Center and Center for Collective Use "Nanotechnologies" of Southern Federal
University.
References[1] Rezvan A.A., Klimin V.S. Abstracts & Schedule of the 2017 International Conference on“Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (14-16 October, 2017,
Jabalpur, India), PDPM Press: Jabalpur, 197, 2017.
[2] Rezvan A.A., Klimin V.S. Abstracts & Schedule of the 2017 International Conference on“Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (14-16 October, 2017,
Jabalpur, India), PDPM Press: Jabalpur, 198, 2017.
[3] Rezvan A.A., Klimin V.S. Abstracts & Schedule of the 2017 International Conference on“Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (14-16 October, 2017,
Jabalpur, India), PDPM Press: Jabalpur, 199, 2017.

229

Effects of Water pH and Immersion Time on Water Absorption Behavior andMechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Bio Plastic Composites
Ri-ichi Murakami1*, Wahyu Solafide2**
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and2Technology, 43 Sec. 4 Keelung Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan
Institute Teknologi Sumatera, Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Jati Agung,
Lampung Selatan 35365, Indonesia*anewmoon816@gmail.com; **wahyu.sipahutar@mt.itera.ac.id

The objective of this research is to study the effects of water pH and immersion time on water
absorption and mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced bio plastic composites. The
composite samples were exposed into three different water conditions such as distilled and salt
water. The composites were immersed for 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 days, respectively.
The entire preparation and test follow the ASTM standards. After immersing for 40 days, the highest
moisture absorption was found for the composites immersed in distilled water. Also, it is found that
SEM images have shown many voids on the tensile fracture surface of the composite immersed in
distilled water. Therefore, the high amount moisture absorption results in the presence of voids in
a composite. For the composite immersed in normal water, the mechanical properties (Young’s
modulus and tensile strength) decreased with increasing the immersion time. Moreover, the effectof the moisture absorption on the mechanical properties and the fracture surface was discussed by
the thermal behavior that the glass transition temperature, Tg, decreased with increasing theimmersion time. The glass transition temperature of the composite linearly decreased when thequantity of moisture absorption increased.

Cost and Quality Analysis of Using Steel Fibers in a Strong Pavement Using
Laboratory Experimental Method
Risma Marleno*, Fajar Romadhon, Gede Sarya, Hari SusantoDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia*marleno_ts@gmail.com
Indonesia as a developing country is still using concrete in its construction. By modifying one ormore component on the concrete construction, it will affect the cost-saving and the quality of theconstruction. The current innovation in concrete technology in a developing country is the mixtureof steel fiber in concrete construction. This study aims to find and compare the cost and quality of
the use of steel fiber (dramix) and iron wire mesh in the rigid pavement. The method used in thisstudy is a laboratory experiment. The study results that steel fiber costs less and is more economic
than reinforcing steel in the rigid pavement. 1 m3 concrete with reinforcing iron wire mesh, m8
230

costs Rp. 2,138,343.26. However, concrete is a mixture of 10% steel fiber (dramix) costs Rp.
1,798,089.00, that is there is a cost savings of Rp. 340,254.26 per 1 m3. The mixing of steel fiber inconcrete through 28 days has greater compressive strength than the ordinary concrete mix withcompressive strength value of fc’ = 29.07 MPa. However, concretes with the mixture of steel fiber(dramix) has more compressive strength that varies in value: for 10%, fc’ = 29.34 MPa; for 15%,
fc’ = 29.38 MPa; for 20%, fc’ = 29.41 MPa, and for 30%, fc’ = 29.58 MPa. In the flexural strength
test, the concrete with iron wire mesh m8 results in flexural strength of fc’ = 4.978 MPa. However,a concrete with the mixture of steel fiber (dramix) has more flexural strength that varies in value;for 10%, fc’ = 5.173 MPa; for 15%, fc’ = 5.316 MPa; for 20%, fc’ = 5.458 MPa, and for 30%: fc’ =5.707 MPa.

The Effect of Temperature during the Growth of CNTs on the Structure of
Ni/TiN/Si
N.N. Rudyk*, O.I. Il’in, A.V. Guryanov, M.V. Il’ina, A.A. Fedotov
Southern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics and Electronic
Equipment Engineering, Taganrog, 347922, Russia*rudyk0918@gmail.com
The rapid development of the market for portable devices generates a request for the creation ofcompact sources of electrical energy. One of the promising areas for the creation of miniatureenergy sources is the development of piezoelectric nanogenerators. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) witha piezo- and flexoelectric effect [1] are potentially the basis for the creation of such converters. To
increase the efficiency of current generation, vertically aligned CNT arrays are used. Moreover, thegeneration efficiency is determined by the geometric dimensions of the CNTs. The PECVD method
allows the formation of CNT arrays in a wide range of geometric parameters. The height, diameter,
density and material of the contact layer can significantly affect the CNTs structural characteristics
and their properties [2]. Thus, the determination of laws of influence of technological modes of theformation of CNT arrays on their geometric parameters by the PECVD is an actual task. In thiswork, we studied the effect of the CNT arrays growth temperature by PECVD on their geometricparameters such as diameter and height. Experimental studies were carried out on the Ni/TiN/Si
structure. The catalytic layer (Ni, 15 nm) and the contact layer (TiN, 100 nm) were formed bymagnetron sputtering on Auto500 (BOC Edwards, UK). TiN was chosen as the contact layer,
because it has a low contact resistance with nanotubes, is chemically stable, and also allows theformation of CNT arrays by tip-mechanism under wide range technological modes. CNTs wereformed in the temperature range 615 – 690 °С with a step of 15 °С. It was found that a wholetemperature range of 615 – 690 °С is applicable for the formation and growth of CNTs on the TiN
contact layer. With increasing temperature, the average diameter of nanotubes increases from 47 to
78 nm, which may be due to an increase in the diameter of Ni catalytic centers due to the coalescenceof small particles into larger ones and increasing surface diffusion [3]. The minimum deviation indiameter was ±15 nm and was observed at 660 ºС. It was established that the CNT height decreased
with increasing process temperature. This may be due to the fact that with increasing temperature,231

the desorption rate of carbon-containing gas increases. Taking into account the increase in the CNTs
diameter with increasing temperature, it can be assumed that for CCs with a larger diameter, theformation of a larger number of CNT layers is occurring. As a result, the resulting growth rate
decreases. This result can be used to develop and create nanogenerators and flexoelectric converters
based on aligned carbon nanotubes.
Acknowledgement
This work was financially supported by the RFBR (project No. 20-37-70034).
Reference[1] Il’ina M.V., Il’in O.I., Guryanov A.V., Osotova O.I., Ageev O.A. // Fullerenes Nanotub.
Carbon Nanostructures 28, 78–82, 2020.
[2] Adam J. Clancy, Mustafa K. Bayazit, Stephen A. Hodge, Neal T. Skipper, Christopher A.
Howard and Milo S. P. Shaffer // Chem. Rev. 118 7363−7408, 2018.
[3] Il’in O.I., Rudyk N.N., Fedotov A.A., Il’ina M.V., Cherednichenko D.I., Ageev O.A. //Nanomaterials. 10, 554, 2020.

Molecular Composition of the White Spot Lesion Detected on
the Human Molar
E.V. Sadyrin1*, M.V. Swain1,2, A.L. Nikolaev1, A.S. Vasiliev1, D.V. Yogina3,
N.V. Lyanguzov4, S.Yu. Maksyukov3, S.M. Aizikovich1
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2
University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
3
Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
4Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*ghostwoode@gmail.com
Researches of early clinically visible stage of carious disease – natural proximal white spot lesion(WSL) from a microstructural point of view, in addition to conventional bitewing X-ray techniques
used in medical practice, provides a better understanding of the changes in the carious enamel.
Raman spectroscopy enables researchers to study accurately the molecular composition of carious
lesions [1]. A number of solutions for the non-invasive in vivo detection of early caries various
methods were proposed [2, 3]. The present work addresses the problem in vitro tracing the changes
in molecular composition that emerge in human molar at the stage of WSL by means of Raman
spectroscopy. The spectra were collected using a He-Ne laser (wavelength of the laser excitation
was 633 nm) in the device (inVia Reflex, Renishaw, UK) with an Edge filter. We used thebackscattering scheme with a Leica optical microscope. The resolution of the spectra did not exceed
0.5 cm-1. The laser beam diameter on the sample surface was equal to 1–2 μm (the preparation
included cutting using a precision saw followed by grinding and polishing procedures). The Raman
spectra measured were corrected using the Bose–Einstein temperature factor. During the research
we kept the sample wet with Hanks’ balanced salt solution with thymol. The research resulted in
detection of some repeatable features connected to changes in the molecular composition in the
carious areas (the most intense PO43− band shift, change in its full width at half maximum and a
new band appearance, detected and described for the WSL).
232

Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the grant of the Government of the Russian Federation (grant No.
14.Z50.31.0046). E.V. Sadyrin was supported by the scholarship of the President of the RussianFederation No. SP-3672.2018.1. The tooth was extracted in the Dental Department of Rostov State
Medical University Clinic for orthodontic reasons, local independent ethics committee of RostovState Medical University approved the study. Experiments were conducted in Nanocenter ofResearch and Education Center "Materials" (http://nano.donstu.ru) of Don State Technical
University and Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University.
References[1] Wang Y., Spencer P., Walker M. P. // Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 81(2),279-286, 2007.
[2] Akkus A., Yang S., Akkus O., Lang L. // Journal of Operative and Esthetic Dentistry, 1(1), 15, 2016.
[3] Yakubu E., Li B., Duan Y., Yang S. // Biomedical Optics Express, 9(12), 6009-6016, 2018.

Analysis of Resistance Factor and Application Strategy of Work Safety and
Health Applications Construction Project Workers in Tulungagung Regency
Sajiyo1*, Faiz Muhammad Azhari2, Haris Muhamadun2, Priyoto3
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia
2

Department of Civil Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia
3
Department of Architecture, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia*sajiyo@untag-sby.ac.id

In the implementation of physical development, Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) issue isgenerally still ignored in Indonesia, especially in public work construction with the construction of
simple buildings. This is evidenced by the high number of work accidents in construction. Workers
in the construction service sector consist of 7-8% of total workers in all sectors and contribute 6.45%
of GDP in Indonesia. The construction service sector is one of the sectors with the highest risk ofwork accidents. Therefore, the authors conducted an analysis of health and safety application inconstruction project workers in Tulungagung Regency. To find out the barriers to theimplementation of Occupational Safety and Health and how the strategic efforts made improve theapplication of OSH to construction project workers in Tulungagung Regency. In this study,
quantitative methods are used, and data analysis is performed by multiple linear regression analysis
and SWOT analysis, but before multiple regression testing is performed first, the validity andreliability tests are performed using the SPSS statistical program. Regression analysis is intended
to be able to find out what factors can significantly hinder the application of OSH to Construction
Project Workers in Tulungagung Regency, while SWOT analysis is carried out to find out what
factors are strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the implementation of OSH. Thus,
company management can implement relevant and effective strategies so that the application of
Occupational Safety and Health to construction project workers in Tulungagung Regency canincrease, which in turn reduces work accident rates and improves performance.
233

Monomethylamine Isolation Process
F.D. Savriddinov1, D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I.Platov,

Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Monomethylamine, an organic substance derived from ammonia, is a colorless gas. Widely used in
the production of insecticides, monomethylhydrazine, which is a component of fuel for rockets, isalso used in the manufacture of drugs and explosive substances are obtained from it. However, themost important is the use of monomethylamine in the synthesis of vulcanization accelerators,
fungicides, corrosion inhibitors, bactericidal preparations, additives to lubricating oils, thisdirection is decisive in the development of the production of this substance, therefore, the issues
associated with the improvement of technological schemes for the isolation of monomethylamine
today are extremely relevant [1]. On an industrial scale, methylamine is obtained from mixtures
obtained by methanol vapor phase catalytic amination at high temperatures and pressure. The
methanol-ammonia ratio regulates the total composition of methylamine mixtures. Isolation ofmonomethylamine is carried out by rectification. Moreover, methylamine can be prepared byreaction of ammonia and methyl chloride. In the process of production of monomethylamine,
control of process parameters is necessary practically without human participation, this will allow
timely warning about the presence of unacceptable deviations in process parameters, which willquickly eliminate the emergency situation [1].
References[1] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[2] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[3] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.
[4] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.

234

Topological Optimization of the Support of the Control Panel of a NumericallyControlled Machine
I.V. Semenchatenko*, A.A. Matrosov
Don State Technical University, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia*ivan5570c@gmail.com
A modern design approach involves the efficient use of materials in the design. Reducing weight,changing the shape of the construction as a whole or its individual elements allows to achieve
improvement in a number of indicators. These indicators include: time for design development andmanufacturing, construction costs, transportation and operating costs, etc. Such tasks are structural
optimization problems, i. e. generating an optimal design of load-bearing mechanical constructions.
At the same time, the parameters optimized are not numerical. A variety of optimization problems
are topological optimization problems, which allow us to obtain the optimal shape of the good forgiven loads and boundary conditions, under given operating conditions. The use of such an
optimization can significantly reduce the time devoted to design, therefore, to increase the life cycleof the good, to more widely use the capabilities of both traditional manufacturing methods andadditive technologies. One of the effective optimization criteria may be, for example, minimizing
the total weight of construction. In this case, of course, volume forces and external loads are taken
into account. Using the Autodesk Fusion 360 software package, topological optimization of the
support of the machine control panel with numerical control was performed. In series with a step of10%, a series of calculations was carried out with a different degree of filling of the volume of the
support, namely from 10% to 90% of the filling while maintaining the nature and magnitude ofexternal loads and the conditions of fastening (steel 45, the support is rigidly fixed with bolts passing
through the corresponding holes). The option with 10% coverage is not further considered, since
there are no contact zones between the created structures. For the remaining options, a stress statecalculation was performed. In the result of these calculations, it was found that only starting withthe option with 50% coverage, the support can withstand a given external load. Thus, topologicaloptimization acts as the basis for the preliminary design of a lightweight part. At the same time,
there are no algorithms for choosing one or another option. To study the stress distribution, and,
consequently, the design operability, it is necessary to perform a separate analysis.

235

Effect of Heating Rate on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Matrix ofCarbon/PEKK Composites in Thermoforming Process
Seong-Jae Park1, Yu Tianyu1, Kyo-Moon Lee1, Soo-Jeong Park2, Yun-Hae Kim1,2†
1Department of Marine Equipment Engineering, Graduate School, Korea Maritime and Ocean
2

University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea†yunheak@kmou.ac.kr

Interests in thermoplastic composites are growing because of the properties such as high production
rates, recycling possibilities, weldabilities, and a low level of moisture uptake. However, the highviscosity and temperature in processing thermoplastic polymer make it challenging to be used.
Accordingly, studies have been conducted to optimize and stabilize the autoclave process.
Moreover, other methods such as vacuum-assisted oven consolidation and thermoforming are
considered a breakthrough to reduce the production costs and processing time. Thermoforming is amanufacturing process where a blank is heated to a processing temperature and moved to a moldfor compression and cooling. In previous studies, the cooling rate is regarded as related tomechanical and thermal properties. Although the processing temperature in the heating process ofthermoforming affects interactions between resin matrix and fiber reinforcement, influences havenot been investigated. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the heating rate on the mechanicalproperties of the matrix was evaluated and analyzed.
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (No. 20007444), funded by the
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).

Mathematical Simulation Testing of Some Building Materials
I.A. Serebryanaya, A.A. Matrosov*, D.A. Nizhnik, N.A. Poryadina
Don State Technical University, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia*amatrosov@donstu.ru
The paper analyzes the ratio of friction forces and shear stresses arising at the upper and lower
boundaries of a brick during standard compression tests [1 – 3]. A brick is modeled by a body inthe shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. It is accepted that the material is transversely isotropic. A
uniformly distributed load, corresponding to the compressive strength of the specimen, acts on theupper surface of the body from the side of the press metal plate. The lower surface of the body rests
on a fixed metal press plate. The lateral borders of the body are free from external influences. The
numerical experiment was performed in the ANSYS 19.2 finite element analysis software package236

on a model broken by an eight-node three-dimensional finite element. According to the results of anumerical study, it was found that the distribution of the stress field in the samples leveled bygrinding, as well as using a cement-sand mortar, is characterized by the compression effect due tofriction. The calculation of the stress state before the detachment of the side surfaces is madeaccording to the criterion of Mohr strength. The largest equivalent stresses are directed horizontally,
therefore, fracture cracks should have a vertical orientation. Further loading leads to a redistributionof stresses in the remaining part of the body. The action of maximum tangential stresses causes
further destruction of the body with a sharp drop in its bearing capacity. Thus, according to theresults of the calculations it was found that the friction forces arising from standard tests
significantly affect the deformation conditions of the samples and lead to a distortion of the test
results. To reduce this effect, it is necessary to adjust the standard test method.
References[1] Lukinova N.A., Matrosov A.A., Nizhnik D.A., Serebryanaya I.A., Terekhina Y.V. // MATEC
Web of Conferences, 132, 03002, 2017.
[2] Lukinova N.A., Matrosov A.A., Nizhnik D.A., Serebryanay I.A., Terekhina Yu.V. Abstracts &Schedule of the 2017 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials andTheir Applications” (14-16 October, 2017, Jabalpur, India), PDPM Press: Jabalpur, 134-135, 2017.
[3] Poryadina N.A., Serebryanaya I.A. Materials of the All-Russian Scientific Conference"Intelligent Technologies and Problems of Mathematical Modeling". Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Press,
42-43, 2018 (In Russian).

Simplified Analytical Expressions for Indentation Stiffness of Coated Solids
and its Application for Experimental Analysis
Sergei M. Aizikovich*, Andrey S. Vasiliev, Boris I. Mitrin, Evgeniy V. Sadyrin
Research and Education Center "Materials”, Don State Technical University,
1 Gagarin sq., Rostov-on-Don 344000, Russia*saizikovich@gmail.com
Nanoindentation is widely used to determine the mechanical characteristics of coatings. However,analysis of the experimental results is usually made with the help of classical theoretical results forthe homogeneous non-coated materials. Such an approach can lead to significant error in evaluationof Young's modulus of thin coatings especially in the case of sufficient difference of the elastic
moduli of the coating and substrate. Approximated analytical solutions for the contact problems forcoated elastic solids are presented in a form convenient for the analysis of the experimental results.
Special attention is paid to the construction of simplified explicit expressions for the indentation
stiffness and indentation force. Detailed analysis of the accuracy of the obtained results is made.
Good agreement of the theoretical and experimental results is observed for the samples with various
coating thicknesses. Application of the results for evaluation of the Young’s modulus of thincoatings is discussed.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (grant No. 14.Z50.31.0046).
237

Structure, Mechanical and Electrophysical Characteristics of Li-ion
Conducting Ceramics Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3
O.B. Shcherbina*, G.B. Kunshina, V.V. Efremov
I.V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry - Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola ScienceCentre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Apatity, Russia*o.shcherbina@ksc.ru
Solid electrolytes with Li-ion conductivity and crystal structure NАSICON are perspective fordevelopment of solid-state batteries with high energy density and improved safety compared toexisting lithium-ion systems [1]. It is important that these materials have suitable mechanicalcharacteristics along with high ion and low electron conductivity, electrochemical stability incontact with metal lithium. The aim of this work is determination of mechanical and electrochemical
characteristics of oxide solid electrolytes Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 and Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 doped with
B2O3. Single phase powder solid electrolyte Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP) was synthesized by
crystallization from liquid peroxide precursor at temperature of 700 – 800 ºС [2]. Calculated amountof shredded powder B2O3 was added to solid electrolyte LATP, mixed, pressed into tablets andsintered in programmable muffle furnace MIMP-3P at 1000 ºС for 2h. Sintered LATP and
LATP(B2O3) ceramic density was measured by hydrostatic weighting. Ceramic microstructure wasstudied using scanning electron microscope SEM LEO 420 and image processing program Scan
Master. Elastic and mechanic characteristics of ceramics were studied by probe method by a probe
microscope “NANOSKAN” [3]. Microhardness (H, GPa) was detected by comparative sclerometry
and Young’s modulus (E, GPa) with help of stress–strain curve slope. A mode I stress intensity
factor KIC (MPam1/2) was evaluated due to model Anstis et al [4]. The criterion is a crack resistanceof a material. It was shown that doping of LATP with B2O3 in the amount up to 3 wt% leads to adecrease in porosity, increase in ceramic grains adhesion and improvement of material mechanicalcharacteristics: for LATP ~ E = 70.2 ± 1.2 GPa; H = 4.1 ± 0.7 GPa; KIC = 0.93 ± 0.6 MPam1/2); for
LATP(B2O3) ~ E = 86.5 ± 2.1 GPa; H = 5.8 ± 0.8 GPa; KIC = 1.0 ± 0.3 MPam1/2. Ion conductivity(σ, S/cm) of LATP and LATP(B2O3) was studied by spectroscopy of electrochemical impedance inthe frequency range 10 – 2106 Hz in a cell with blocking graphite electrodes by an impedance
meter Elins Z-2000. Hodographs of electrochemical impedance show a substantial increase in grainboundaries resistance for LATP(B2O3) samples containing dopant (B2O3) in amount 1 – 3 wt%.
This leads to an increase in general ion conductivity of the ceramics to values 2.510-4 S/cm atroom temperature. Dependence was determined for hardness characteristics and microhardness oncontent of B2O3 boron oxide in LATP ceramics.
References[1] J. Wolfenstine, J.L. Allen, J. Sakamoto, D.J. Siegel, H. Choe // Ionics, 24, 1271-1276, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2314-4[2] G.B. Kunshina, V.V. Efremov, E.P. Lokshin // Russ. J. Electochem., 49, 725-731, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193513070082[3] I. I. Maslenikov, V. N. Reshetov, A. S. Useinov // Instrum. Exp. Tech., 58, 711 – 717, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441215040223
238

[4] G.R. Anstis, P. Chantikul, B.R. Lawn, D.B. Marshall // J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 64, 533-538, 1981.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1981.tb10320.x

Mixed Yttrium Tantalo-Niobates
O. B. Shcherbina*, S. M. Masloboeva, M. N. Palatnikov
I.V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry - Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola ScienceCentre of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Apatity, Russia*o.shcherbina@ksc.ru
Yttrium tantalo-niobates are a new class of effective X-ray fluorescent materials used as radiopaque
substances in medical diagnostics [1]. These luminescent materials show high absorption of X-rays
and radiate in the blue and near ultraviolet optical spectrum. These materials are aimed at a decreasein X-ray radiation in order to obtain a clear image in medical diagnostics. Existence in the YNbхTa1хO4 matrix of both niobium and tantalum increases energy exchange between luminescent centers.
At certain ratios of NbO4- and TaO4- complexes this situation can lead to stimulation of radiative
ability of the material [2]. This report studies obtaining processes of mixed tantalo-niobates ofyttrium YNbхTa1-хO4 (x = 0 – 1) by sol-gel. Mixed tantalum and niobium hydroxides wereprecipitated by ammonia from a mixture of high purity fluorine Ta and Nb containing solutions.
Volumes of solutions provided gave composition of YNbхTa1-хO4. The precipitate was thrice pulp
washed by deionized water for removing of F- ions at solid to liquid phase ratio S:VL=1:3 and driedat 100 °C. After that a Y(NO3)3 solution was added to a precipitate in the given volume. 25%solution of NH4OH was added to the pulp until рН ~ 8 – 9. The residue was filtered, washed with
deionized water and dried at 90 °C, then sintered at ~ 1000 °С, ~ 1200 °С, ~ 1400 °С for 3h withobtaining the powder of YNbхTa1-хO4. Steps of obtaining YNbхTa1-хO4 (x = 0 – 1) revealed by using
TGA were confirmed by XRD (diffractometer Shimadzu XRD-6000 with a counter speed 1
deg/min (CuKα radiation)). Databases ICDD (PDF 4, relies 2020) were used for phase identification.
It has been established that after annealing at ~ 400 °С and 500 °С, the material stays XRD
amorphous; at ~ 500 – 600 °С, a phase Y2O3 starts to appear on the background of amorphous area.
In the area ~ 600 – 640 °С, samples contain Y2O3 (ICDD 071-0049) and Nb2O5(Ta2O5) starts toappear. At temperature of ~ 800 °С, a crystallization of YNbO4 (ICDD 023-1486) starts. A phasecomposition of a precipitate YNbхTa1-хO4 (x = 0.9) annealed at ~ 1000 – 1400 °С is shown in Table
1. At annealing temperature of 1000 °С the mixture contains single oxides Y2O3, Nb2O5 and βfergusonite (ICDD 023-1486), see Table 1. At increase in the annealing temperature to 1200 °С,
the main phases are YNbO4 and YTaO4 probably, with partial substitution of tantalum by niobium
in the structure and traces of Nb2O5 and Та2O5. Only at temperature of 1400 °С, formation of solid
solution YNbхTa1-хO4 is observed. Note that XRD analysis reveals morphotropic area of coexistence monoclinic and tetragonal phases (see Table 1). Average particle sizes of synthesized
powders (Table 1) were calculated due to specific surface area (BET, FlowSorb II 2300; TriStar
3020 V1. 03). Samples prepared at different thermal treatment modes have shown changes inmorphology and particle sizes with an increase in the temperature. At an increase in the annealing239

temperature, shape of particles becomes almost spherical and they tend to form clusters. Particle
size increases (Table 1).
Table 1. Phase composition and average particle size (α) of YNbхTa1-хO4 (x=0.9) powders.
Тannealing,°С Phase composition* of solid solutions YNbхTa1-хO4 due to JCPDS α, μm
1000
Y2O3 (071-0049), Nb2O5(027-1003) – orthorhombic
0.37
YNbO4 (023-1486) – monoclinic β-fergusonite,
Nb2O5 (015-0166) – monoclinic
1200
YNbO4 (023-1486), YTaO4(024-1425) – monoclinic –0.52
M1-fergusonite, YTaO4 (050-0846) – tetragonal, Ta2O5 (025-0922)
1400
YNbO4 (072-2077) – monoclinic, YTaO4 (050-0846) – tetragonal
0.94*Phases are presented in the order of their quantity from larger to lesser

Luminescence spectra of yttrium tantalo-niobates was registered at 300 К by a spectrofluorimeter
Shimadzu RF-5301 PC. For all synthesized yttrium tantalo-niobates, the excitation wavelength was
λex = 250 nm. Research revealed that the highest luminescence intensity in the area of 300 – 600 nm
with a maximum at λmax ~ 400 nm is shown by luminophores YNb0.7Ta0.3O4 with a monoclinic unit
cell distortion. Thus, despite traditional solid phase synthesis [2], sol-gel allows drastically uniform
initial mixtures, notably decrease temperature and longitude of synthesis and obtain single phasecompositionally uniform fine-dispersive powders of yttrium tantalo-niobates.
References[1] Zuev M., Larionov L.P. // Open Journal “Investigated in Russia”, 11, 933 – 949, 2008.
http://zhurnal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2008/087.pdf.
[2] Voloshyna O., Boiaryntseva I., Spassky D., Sidletskiy O. // Solid State Phenomena, 230, 172 –
177, 2015.

Solubility Features of Rare Earth Elements in BST-ceramics.
Part I: Large-sized Ln
L.A. Shilkina*, S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Reznichenko
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*lid-shilkina@yandex.ru
It is known that the dielectric and piezoelectric properties of ferroelectric solid solutions (SSs), in
particular (Ba, Sr)TiO3, can be corrected by introducing modifiers into their composition. In thispaper, we present the results of a study of the structure and properties of SS Ba1-xSrxTiO3 modified
with large-sized rare earth elements, whose ionic radius is in the range 1.04 – 0.94 Å (La-Gd). For
modification, we selected SSs from different regions of the phase diagram of the BaTiO3 – SrTiO3
system: Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 from the tetragonal (T) region, Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 from the pseudocubic (Psc)region, and Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3 from the cubic (C) region [1]. The modification was carried out inaccordance with the formulae: Ba0.76Ln0.04Sr0.2TiO3, Ba0.475Ln0.025Sr0.5TiO3, Ba0.19Ln0.01Sr0.80TiO3.
Samples are made by solid-phase synthesis followed by sintering using conventional ceramic240technology. Despite the fact that the difference between the ionic radii of Ba and Ln is 33 – 47% in
the La-Gd series, which suggests limited solubility and the formation of impurity phases, XRD
analysis showed a pure perovskite phase in all samples. In Fig. 1, the dependences of the unit cellvolume, V, of the SSs on the ionic radii Ln for coordination number 12 are shown. It can be seenthat the value of the V cell of doped SSs is much smaller than the V cell of the initial SSs, whichindicates the embedding of all modifiers in the structure of the latter. It was established, that in SSwith x = 0.2, T-symmetry changed to C-symmetry, the phase state of the SS with x = 0.50 shiftedto the initial stage of spinodal decomposition or to the metastable region of the phase diagram ofthe system (Ba, Sr)TiO3, and in SS with x = 0.80, the real (defective) structure changed, which
resulted in an increase in the wavelength of the defect density from ~ 130 Å to 180 – 200 Å.

Fig. 1. Dependences of the V unit cell of doped SSs Ba1-xSrxTiO3 with x = 0.2, 0.5, 0.8
on the ionic radius Ln. Dotted lines show the unit cell volume of unmodified

Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020)
Reference[1] S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Shilkina, H.A. Sadykov, A.A. Pavelko, A.T. Kozakov, S.P. Kubrin, I.
N. Andryushina, L.A. Reznichenko // Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 80(11), 1364-1366, 2016.

Solubility Features of Rare Earth Elements in BST-ceramics.
Part II: Small-sized Ln
L.A. Shilkina*, S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Reznichenko
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov- on-Don, 344090, Russia*lid-shilkina@yandex.ru
In accordance with the conditions of isomorphism, small-sized lanthanides cannot replace Ba in
SSs Ba1-xSrxTiO3, since the difference between the ionic radii of Ba and Ln from Tb to Yb is 55 –241

70%. In this case, only microisomorphism is possible, which also significantly affects the propertiesof ferroceramics. The present work is devoted to the study of the solubility of Tb – Yb lanthanides
and its effect on the structure of BST ceramics. The X-ray phase analysis showed the presence of
Ln2Ti2O7 compounds with a pyrochlore structure in almost all SSs. All doped SSs retained thesymmetry of the initial SS: tetragonal at x = 0.2, pseudocubic at x = 0.5, and cubic at x = 0.8. The
relative intensities of the strong pyrochlore peak and the difference between the ionic radii of the
A-cation, R , (Ba and Sr taking into account molar concentrations) and Ln are given in Table 1.
Figure 1 shows the dependences of the unit cell volume, V, of all SSs and c/a of SS with x = 0.2 on
the ionic radius Ln for coordination number 12. Fig.1 shows that V of doped SSs in the Ho – Yb
series are less than V of initial SSs, but the difference does not exceed the measurement error ΔV =0.05 Å3. The minimum amount of Tb2Ti2O7 in SSs with x = 0.2, 0.5 and its absence in SS with x =0.8 indicates the partial solubility of Tb in all SSs. The remaining lanthanoides exhibit
microisomorphism.
Table 1. Relative intensity, Irel, of X-ray peak 222 of Ln2Ti2O7 pyrochlore in X-ray diffraction
patterns of SSs and Δ R , %.
Chemical
Tb
Dy
Ho
Er
Tm
Yb
composition
Irel Δ R Irel Δ R Irel Δ R Irel Δ R Irel Δ R Irel Δ R
A-cation
Ba076 Ln 0.04Sr0.2 5
51 10
53
13
56
12
58
13 58 1466
Ba0.475Ln0.025Sr0.5 3
45
8
47
9
50
10
52
8
52
9
59
Ba019 Ln 0.01Sr0.80 –
39
–
40
–
44
2
45
2
45
2
53

Fig. 1. Dependences of the V unit cell of SSs Ba1-xSrxTiO3 with x = 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and, the degree oftetragonality for SS with x = 0.2 on the ionic radius Ln; dotted lines show the value of these values in
unmodified TR

Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).
242

Experimental Confirmation of Spinodal Decomposition in the Ba1-xSrxTiO3
L.A. Shilkina*, S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Reznichenko, S.I. Dudkina
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*lid-shilkina@yandex.ru
In [1], on the basis of X-ray diffraction studies, we constructed a phase diagram of the (1 – x)BaTiO3– xSrTiO3 system at room temperature, which includes two morphotropic phase transitions. The
first, well-known, transition from the tetragonal (T) phase to the pseudocubic (Psc) phase occurs in
the range 0.2 < x < 0.3, and the second transition from the Psc phase to the cubic (C) phase occurs
in the range 0.7 < x < 0.8. Fuks D et al. [2] calculated the theoretical phase diagram, according towhich the solid solutions (SSs) of the BaxSr1-xTiO3 system at room temperature in the range 0.20 <x < 0.80 are in the state of spinodal decomposition. The presented work gives experimental
confirmation of the theoretical phase diagram. The Psc phase, that we discovered is locatedprecisely in the region of spinodal decomposition of SSs according to [2]. The X-ray diffraction
pattern of SSs in this region is characterized by single broadened peaks, and near x = 0.5, the finestructure of the peaks demonstrates their doubleness. Figure 1(a) shows the diffraction peaks 200
and 111 of SS with x = 0.5, on which seen a small but distinct splitting into two peaks, thecorresponding unit cell parameters are: a1 = 3.956 Å, a2 = 3.951 Å. Figure 1(b) shows thedependences of the coherent scattering regions, D(x) and microstrains Δd/d(x) in the interval 0 ≤ x≤ 0.4. It is seen that after separation of the second phase from the matrix in the range: 0.25 ≤ x <0.275, D decreases from 110 to 30 nm, and Δd/d(x) has not a sharp maximum before decay and a
sharp drop after it, as is typical for a phase transition along type of nucleation and growth. For
example, in the PbZr1-xTixO3 system, upon the nucleation of rhombohedral phase clusters inside theT-phase (x = 0.70 – 0.75 Ti) before the separation of the new phase clusters, Δd/d increased from
0.6×10‒3 to 30×10‒3, and after their separation decreased to 0.2×10‒3 [3]. Thus, our experimentconfirms the correctness of the theoretical phase diagram.
(a)

(b)

Fig. 1

Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).
243

References[1] S.V. Khasbulatov, L.A. Shilkina, H. A. Sadykov et al. // Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. 80(11),1364-1366, 2016.
[2] Fuks D., Dorfman S., Piskunov S., Kotomin E.A. // Phys. Rev. B. 71, 014111-9, 2005.
[3] L.A. Shilkina, P.G. Grin’, L.A. Reznichenko et al. // Phys. Sol. State. 58(3), 551-556, 2016.

Analysis of Material Properties Using Machine Learning
O.V. Shilyaeva2, A.V. Cherpakov1,2*, R.I. Shakhanov2, C.-Y. Jenny Lee3, Y.-M. Liu3
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Deptartment of Electric Communication Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*alex837@yandex.ru
At the moment, there is a high growth rate of machine learning, which deals with various tasks ofa wide range. There are not many studies that help solve the problem of assessing the properties ofmaterials that can be used in the construction and design of various objects. The objects of researchin this report are the properties of various materials and the analysis of their properties dependingon the applied impact. The aim of the study is to determine the properties of such materials for theirfurther use in industrial projects in the modeling and production of various types of elements andstructures. Material properties can be assessed based on non-destructive testing methods. One ofthese methods is the indentation of some rigid indenter into the surface of the material. By obtaining
plastic deformations on the surface of the material (holes), assessing their sizes, depth, and othercharacteristics, the material properties are determined, such as: modulus of elasticity, ultimate
strength, dynamic viscosity, Brinell hardness. It is required to build a recurrent neural network with
the LTSM architecture that performs regression analysis and approximates the output information
depending on input data. The properties obtained in the result of the operation of the neural network
are the main ones in determining the bearing capacities of steel structures and their general strength,
which are important for modeling and subsequent manufacturing of structures. It is also possible totalk about new results of the application of machine learning in this area and the subsequent morecomprehensive development of the implementation of machine learning, when solving problems ofthis type. As a result, an information system is being implemented that allows one to analyze theproperties of various materials under various conditions, such as using different set-ups and otherfactors that affect the results of experiments. The information system collects, stores, and analyzes
the properties of materials received at the input of the neural network, based on qualitative
experimental pre-introduced reference values. To achieve the set task, modern technologies forconstructing and training a recurrent neural network with the LTSM architecture were applied, as
well as web programming technologies were used and actual tools for implementing the software
product were used.

244

Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

Assessment of Crack Resistance of Bridge Reinforced Concrete Piles
E.A. Shlyakhova1, I.A. Serebryanaya1*, I.O. Egorochkina1, A.V. Cherpakov1,2
1Don State Technical University, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*silveririna@mail.ru
Providing standardized quality indicators for reinforced concrete piles for bridge construction is an
essential requirement in their manufacture. A mandatory controlled parameter, along withindicators such as strength, density, frost resistance and water resistance, is crack resistance. It is
known that crack resistance and its quantitative characteristics are the main indicators of the qualityof the material used in structural calculations based on the laws of fracture mechanics of solids.
Determination of crack resistance of bridge piles is a rather time-consuming process. This process
requires the availability of a specially equipped testing ground for the release of large production
areas, special handling equipment, a large number of additional devices, etc. One of the nondestructive diagnostic methods is the vibration method, based on the analysis of the parameters of
the natural vibrations of the structures under investigation. The analysis of works [1 – 5] shows thatthe vibration diagnostics allows one to set the number, type, localization, parameters of the defectsof the object. Moreover, it allows one to evaluate the strength and deformation properties of building
structures. It is proposed to apply the method of vibration diagnostics with the subsequent
simulation of the kinetics of the development of structural deformation in the ANSYS software
package for continuous monitoring of the crack resistance of piles. In this case, the results ofcontinuous laboratory control of the values of actual strength and density of concrete for each fillingof factory-made piles are used as input parameters.
References[1] A.V. Cherpakov, E.A. Shlyakhova I.O. Egorochkina Y.A. Kokareva // Materials Science Forum.
931, 373-378, 2018.
[2] A.V. Cherpakov, A.N. Soloviev, V.V. Gricenko, O.U. Goncharov // Defence Science Journal.
66(1), 44-50, 2016.
[3] Cherpakov A., Egorochkina I., Shlyakhova E., Kharitonov A., Zarovy A., Dobrohodskaya S. //MATEC Web of Conferences, 106, 04009, 2017.
[4] Poryadina N.A., Serebryanay I.A., Matrosov A.A., Nizhnik D.A. In: Construction andArchitecture. Faculty of Industrial and Civil Engineering. Rostov-on-Don. 124-127, 2017 (InRussian).
[5] Matrosov A.A., Serebryanay I.A., Lukinova N.A., Nizhnik D.A., Terekhina Yu.V. In: Abstracts& Schedule of the 2018 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials andTheir Applications” (9-11 August, 2018, Busan, South Korea), Korea Maritime and Ocean
University Press: Busan, 238, 2018.
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Optical and EXAFS Studies of NaNbO3 – NaTaO3 Solid Solution Crystals
V.A. Shuvaeva1, I.P. Raevski1*, A.M. Glazer2, S.I. Raevskaya1, G.A. Simachkova1,
V.V. Titov1, M.A. Malitskaya1
1Research Institute of Physics and Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University,

Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2Department of Physics, Oxford University, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK*igorraevsky@gmail.com
NaNbO3-based solid solutions are prospective environmentally-friendly materials for piezoelectric,
pyroelectric, electrostrictive and energy storage applications [1 – 4]. In the present work flux-grown(1 – x)NaNbO3 – xNaTaO3 (NNT-x) solid solution crystals are studied in order to take a further
insight into the nature of phase transition diffusion in NaNbO3-based solid solutions. Both ceramicand single-crystal NNT-x compositions with x > 0.5 are known to exhibit a diffuse dielectric
permittivity ε maxima [1]. Temperature-dependent optical studies of NNT crystals were carried out
by the rotating polarizer method, using the Metripol (www.metripol.com) microscope system [5]and a precise heating stage (Linkam HFS91). False-colour images showing values of |sin|=|ΔnL2π/λ| (Δn is the birefringence, L is the crystal thickness, λ = 600 nm is the light wavelength)
and the orientation of the optical indicatrix at every point of the crystals were obtained in thetemperature range from 20 to 600 ºC. Birefringence values were extracted from the |sin| data.
Optical studies have shown that the value of |sinδ| of pure NaNbO3 exhibits an abrupt jump at 370ºC, corresponding to the well-known first-order antiferroelectric phase transition. No such jumps
are observed at higher temperatures. High-temperature phase transitions which occur at 480, 520,
575 ºC and according to the X-ray diffraction studies are due to the rotation of oxygen octahedra,
manifest themselves only through a change in the period of |sinδ|. Two types of optical extinction,
namely symmetrical and parallel ones have been observed in two domains of the crystal below thephase transition and only parallel extinction at higher temperatures. This is in a total agreement withthe earlier optical studies of NaNbO3 crystals. NNT-0.6 crystal displays sharp jumps of
birefringence Δn at 580 ºC and at 480 ºC, which can be attributed to the rotational phase transitions.
Below ≈ ‒100 ºC the Δn(T) dependence changes a slope indicating a diffuse phase transition. This
result agrees well with the data of dielectric measurements, which show that NNT-0.6 crystal has adiffused maximum of dielectric permittivity ε. Its temperature Tm ≈ ‒100 ºC is close to thetemperature of the kink in the Δn(T) dependence and is practically independent on frequency in the1 – 100 kHz range. Nb K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra of thepure NN and NNG-0.6 crystals were measured in the transmission mode at the Synchrotron
Radiation Source (SRS, Daresbury). Comparison of Fourier Transforms (FTs) of Nb K-EXAFS
spectra of NN and NNT-0.6 shows that a partial substitution of Ta for Nb leads to a decrease in thedisplacements of Nb atoms from the centers of oxygen octahedra.
Acknowledgement
This study is supported by Russian Science Foundation (project 19-12-00205).
References[1] I.P. Raevski, L.A. Reznitchenko, M.A. Malitskaya, et al // Ferroelectrics. 299, 95, 2004.
[2] Z. Liu, T. Lu, J. Ye, et al // Adv. Mater. 3, 1800111, 2018.
246

[3] S. I. Raevskaya, M. A. Malitskaya, C-C. Chou, et al // Phys. Status Solidi A. 216, 1800972, 2019.
[4] M. Zhou, R. Liang Z. Zhou, X. Dong // J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 103, 193, 2020.
[5] A.M. Glazer, J.G. Lewis, W. Kaminsky // Proc. R. Soc. London. Ser. A. 452, 2751, 1996.

Influence of Organic Coatings Formation Conditions on
Their Morphology and Protective Properties
E.N. Sidorenko*, S.P. Shpanko, M.A. Bunin
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia*si-do-re@mail.ru
The protective properties and morphological features of organic coatings received on the surface of
low-alloy steel by adsorption method from an inhibited solution of sulfuric acid were studied. The
inhibitor was a substituted benzimidazole derivative (surface-active substance, SAS). The SAS wasdoped by thiocyanate ions, introduced in the form of KNCS. The dependences of organic coatings
properties and characteristics on the KNCS (СKNCS) concentration and on the film formation time twere studied. The growth regularities of the protection degree of these coatings with a decrease in
CKNCS and an increase in t were established earlier [1]. The protective effect of the organic
compound significantly increased when thiocyanate anions were introduced into the inhibited acidsolution. However, this effect is somewhat reduced with a further increase in CKNCS. Such an effectof sulfur containing compounds is associated with their dual influence at the state of the interphaseboundary. The recharging of the steel surface and the blocking of adsorption-active centers are theconsequences of this effect. The analysis of various samples surface topography images was
performed. The purpose of that analysis was to find out the relationship between the protection
degree of the composite SAS, the concentration of CKNCS, and the features of the surface microrelief. To get these data the scanning electron and atomic force microscopes were applied. From theAFM, 2D and 3D surface images of the inhibited samples were obtained: the scan relief height
distribution histograms, the arithmetic and geometric roughness values, the surface structural
peculiarities distribution in sections of the scans surface. All that data allowed us to find thecorrelation between the protective effect of the inhibitor, СKNCS and t. The analysis of the inhibited
samples surface morphology indicates the resulting coatings heterogeneity. The steel surface iscovered completely with conical globules. Difficulties in the formation of large globules and adecrease in the film roughness are due to the СKNCS increase. With an increase in the film formation
time, the larger sized globules grow, and the surface roughness increases. Coalescence of globules
and formation of large globular aggregates occurred with an additional increase in t and СKNCS.
Thus, the protective properties of organic coatings are determined by the concentration of
thiocyanate anions in the composite inhibitor and the morphology of the precipitates formed. Large
aggregates of coalescent globules with clear border outlines provide a high protection degree of thesteel surface from corrosion and are formed at a long adsorption time and optimal concentration of
thiocyanate anions.
Reference247

[1] Shpanko S.P., Sidorenko E.N., et.al In: Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on
Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung
Chang, Yun-Hae Kim (Eds.). Nova Science Publishers, New York, 13-19, 2019.

Microwave Energy Absorption and Radiation Spectra of Lead
Ferrowolframate Ceramics
E.N. Sidorenko*, V.G. Smotrakov, M.A. Marakhovskiy
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia*si-do-re@mail.ru
The absorption and radiation spectra of a ceramic ferromagnet–lead ferrowolframate PbFe2/3W1/3O3(PFW) have been studied in the radio frequency range of 3.2 – 12 GHz. It is known that ferroelectricand magnetic subsystems coexist in this compound. Such materials are promising for creating
devices, the magnetic properties of which can be controlled by an electric field and (or) change theirelectrical properties by a magnetic field. Ceramic samples of ferroelectric relaxor PFW wereobtained by spark plasma sintering at a temperature of 700 C. The samples were shaped like a disk
with a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 1 mm. Their domain structure was studied using anelectron microscope. The work used the same microwave technique as before [1]. To measure
spectra in the frequency range of 3.2 – 12 GHz, three replaceable generators with panoramic VSWR
and attenuation meters were used. The test sample was located on the surface of the microstrip line
(MSL) as in dielectric resonator antennas. The electromagnetic field radiation spectra and theelectromagnetic field direction diagrams at the vicinity of the disk were obtained using receiving
antennas in the form of a pin-type or loop-type vibrator. The absorption spectra of PFW are strongly
rugged and have several sharp large (30 – 40 dB) maximum of the resonant type. The type of spectra,
the number of maxima in the spectrum and their values depend on external factors such as:
temperature, uniaxial mechanical pressure, displacement of the sample relative to the central
conductor of the MSL, the angle of rotation of the sample around its own axis. We have studied thespectra of integral radiation of electric field strength and magnetic field induction at different
heights from the sample surface. The maximum height at which the detected antenna signal could
still be measured using a digital voltmeter without an additional amplifier is 60 mm. The angular
distribution of the intensity of the electric field of the PFW resonator at various distances from its
side surface is studied at the frequency of the maximum radiation of the electromagnetic field. The
impact of a constant magnetic field with induction B = 0.375 T did not change the absorption spectraof PFW, in contrast to the changing spectra of composite compositions based on manganite [2]. The
obtained data confirm the presence of polar nanoregions (clusters) in PFW ceramics at aconsiderable distance from the temperature of the diffuse phase transition. Absorption spectra witha large number of resonance-type maxima indicate the existence of various ensembles of oscillatorswith their own resonant frequencies in the PFW domain structure. These oscillators can be domain
walls of mechanical twins in clusters of ceramics, making elastic vibrations in the electromagnetic
field.
248

References[1] Sidorenko E.N., Chan Thi Beat Ngoc, Prikhodko G.I., Natkhin I.I., Shloma A.V., Kharchenko
D.G. // Journal of Advanced Dielectrics. 10(01-02), 2060020, 2020.
[2] Sidorenko E.N., Privalov E.E., Demchenko A.A., Kabirov Yu.V., Chebanova E., Nathan I.I.
Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves. RSEMW. 464 – 467, 2019.

Photoluminescence of Nominally Pure Lithium Niobate Crystals Grown byDifferent Technologies
N.V. Sidorov1, N.A. Teplyakova1, M.V. Smirnov1*, M.N. Palatnikov1, V.B. Pikylev2
1Tananaev Institute of Chemistry – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola ScienceCentre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Apatity, Russia
2Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk, Russia*max-17000@yandex.ru
Photorefractive LiNbO3 crystal has a variety of intrinsic defects in its structure. They form many
localized energy levels in the band gap, location of which depends on the Li/Nb ratio [1]. Excitedelectrons relaxing to a ground state through energy levels in the band gap lead to both the energy
transfer to the lattice phonons and the appearance of radiation with a certain wavelength. The latter
determines the luminescent characteristics of optical materials based on a LiNbO3 crystal. It is ofinterest to find out the influence of the defective structure on the luminescent properties of
nominally pure LiNbO3 crystals depending on the Li/Nb ratio. The results of photoluminescence ina nominally pure congruent crystal (LiNbO3cong), as well as in crystals obtained by two technologies:
from a melt with 58.6 mol. % Li2O (LiNbO3stoich) and HTTSSG (High temperature technology top
speed solution growth) from congruent melt with the addition of flux 6 wt. % K2O(LiNbO3stoich:K2O) are observed. Photoluminescence spectra were recorded with a SL100M
spectrograph (Solar TII) with a CCD detector (FLICCDML0673710). He-Cd laser was used as
excitation source. There are a wide halo at the range from 380.0 to 650.0 nm and sharp increase ofluminescence intensity (> 700.0 nm) in the photoluminescence spectra of LiNbO3stoich,
LiNbO3stoich:K2O and LiNbO3cong crystals obtained from the sample volume. The halo at 527.0 nm(LiNbO3stoich), 613.0 nm (LiNbO3cong) and 612.0 nm LiNbO3stoich:K2O is complex and consists offive individual bands. Luminescence centers in form of NbLi defects in LiNbO3 crystals correspondto the luminescence bands at 510.0 – 520.0 nm [2]. The intensity of luminescence bands withmaxima at 510.0 – 527.0 nm increases in the series of LiNbO3stoich, LiNbO3stoich:K2O, and
LiNbO3cong crystals. It indicates a sequential increase in the number of NbLi defects. Moreover, theshift of some emission bands in LiNbO3cong crystal to long-wavelength range in comparison with
LiNbO3stoic was observed. It may be caused by changing the absorption edge values equal to 3.48
and 3.72 eV for LiNbO3stoic and LiNbO3cong crystals, respectively [3]. It is known that hydrogen islocated at three positions in the LiNbO3 structure [3]. Consequently, the defects in form of Me-OH
also leads to additional effects connected with the energy transfer and the appearance of newemission centers. The photoluminescence intensity in LiNbO3 crystals close to the stoichiometriccomposition was lower than in a congruent crystal. An increase in the Li/Nb ratio leads to the shift249

of photoluminescence bands to the short-wavelength region of the spectrum and the change offundamental absorption edge of the crystals. In addition to point defects in the cationic sublattice,complex defects due to the presence of OH groups in the structure can also contribute tophotoluminescence.
References[1] N.V. Sidorov, T.R. Volk, B.N. Mavrin, V.T. Kalinnikov. Lithium niobate: defects,
photorefraction, vibrational spectrum, polaritons. Moscow: Nauka, 2003 (In Russian)[2] M.H.J. Emond, M. Wiegel, G. Blasse, R. Feigelson // Mat. Res. Bull. 28(10), 1025-1028,
1993.
[3] N.V. Sidorov, M.N. Palatnikov, N.A. Teplyakova, A.V. Syuy, E.O. Kile, D.S. Shtarev // Inorg.
Mater. 54(6), 581–584, 2018.

Structural Particularities of LiNbO3:B (0.55, 0.69, 0.83 mol. % B2O3) with R(Li/Nb) Close to Stoichiometric
N.V. Sidorov, N.A. Teplyakova, R.A. Titov*, M.N. Palatnikov, I.V. Biryukova
Tananaev Institute of Chemistry – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola ScienceCentre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Apatity, Russia*r.titov@kcs.ru
There are two methods for growing crystals close to the stoichiometric composition: growing froma Li2O – N2O5 melt with 58.60 mol. % Li2O and from a congruent melt with ~ 6 wt. % alkaline
solvent (flux) K2O (HTTSSG method - High temperature top speed solution growth). The first
method is used rarely due to the high heterogeneity of the composition and refractive index of thegrown crystal along the growth axis. The HTTSSG method is much more complicated although it
allows us to obtain stoichiometric single crystals of a high degree of compositional uniformity. In
this work, we have studied nominally pure LiNbO3 crystals with different Li/Nb ratios grown froma congruent melt with a flux of B2O3. A LiNbO3:B crystal (0.55 – 0.83 mol. % B2O3) was obtainedusing direct solid-phase alloying [1]. The boron does not enter the lithium niobate crystal structure,since the LiNbO3 phase does not have a solubility region of boron in the solid state. But boron
compounds can be used as a flux. At the same time, LiNbO3:B crystals are close to a stoichiometriccrystal by the number of the structural defects, but differ from it by a significantly smaller
photorefractive effect. A calculation based on the Curie temperature of LiNbO3 crystals has shownthat an increase in the boron concentration in the charge leads to an increase in the Li/Nb ratio and
Li content in the grown crystals. Moreover, the LiNbO3:B crystals are characterized by decrease in
the number of NbLi defects. For LiNbO3cong, Tc = 1145 K, Li/Nb = 0.942, [Li] = 48.56 mol. % [2],[NbLi] = 0.976 mol. %. For LiNbO3:B (0.83 mol. % B2O3), Tc = 1189 K, Li/Nb = 0.970, [Li] = 49.76
mol. % [2], [NbLi] = 0.503 mol. %. The linewidths in the Raman spectra of LiNbO3:В crystals,
corresponding to vibrations of intra-octahedra cations (150 – 300 cm–1), are less than thecorresponding linewidths of the spectrum of the LiNbO3cong crystal and coincide with the linewidths
in the spectrum of a stoichiometric crystal [3]. The Raman spectra data indicate ordering ofstructural units of the cation sublattice along the polar axis. The widths of the components of the250

absorption band of the IR spectra of LiNbO3stoich and LiNbO3:B crystals (0.55 and 0.83 mol. %B2O3) are narrower than that in a congruent crystal, which reveals a higher ordering of the proton
sublattice in a LiNbO3stoich and LiNbO3:B (0.55 and 0.83 mol. % B2O3) crystals than in a congruent
crystal. It was shown that structuring the congruent melt by nonmetallic element boron can adjust
the number of point defects (NbLi) and the Li/Nb ratio. Note that both the increase in the lithiumcontent and trace amounts of boron (1010-4 wt. %) increase ordering of the structural units of thecation sublattice along the polar axis in a nominally pure LiNbO3:B crystal. It brings the structureof LiNbO3:B crystals closer to stoichiometric composition. Thus a nominally pure LiNbO3:B
demonstrates a high optical damage resistance. Moreover, boron compounds reduce the content ofmultiply charged transition metal impurities in the crystal, which significantly affect photorefractive
effect.
References[1] M. N. Palatnikov, N. V. Sidorov, In: Oxide Electronics and Functional Properties of Transition
Metal Oxides, A. Pergament (Ed.). New York: Nova Science Publishers, 31 – 168, 2014.
[2] H. M. O’Bryan, P. K. Gallagher, C. D. Brandle // J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., 68(9), 493 – 496, 1985.
[3] Sidorov N. V., Teplyakova N. A., Titov R. A., Palatnikov M. N. // Tech. Phys., 63(12), 1758 –
1766, 2018.

Piezoelectric Characteristics of Ternary Solid Solutions(1 – x – y)BiFeO3 – xPbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 – yPbTiO3
E.I. Sitalo, N.A. Boldyrev*
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,
Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*nboldyrev@sfedu.ru
Unalloyed samples of solid solutions of the ternary system (1 – x – y)BiFeO3 – xPbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 –yPbTiO3 (y = 0.05, 0.175 ≤ x ≤ 0.325) were prepared by the solid-phase reactions technique withfollowing sintering using conventional ceramic technology. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed therhombohedral structure in all solid solutions (Fig. 1a). Studying the dielectric characteristics ofceramics revealed that samples with x > 0.225 demonstrate relaxor-like behavior. It was manifested
in presence of the maxima on the ε'/ε0(T) dependencies shifting to the higher temperature region
with increasing f. Fig. 1b shows the concentration dependence of the piezoelectric module d33 of
the ceramics. The value of d33 initially reaches the minimum at x = 0.25 (the first relaxor in thissection) and then increases with increasing PFN concentration. The highest piezoelectric constantof 50 pC/N for x = 0.325 ceramic is much larger than d33 = 15 pC/N achieved in BF–PT ceramics
fabricated by conventional solid-phase reactions method [1] and reasonably close to the value of 87
pC/N found in BF–PT ceramics prepared by much more complicated technique [2]. This result
confirms the efficiency of PFN for modification of BF-PT solid solution system.

251

Fig. 1. Concentration dependencies of the unit cell parameters V, α and a (а) and d33 (b) at room
temperature

Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020) withequipment of the CCU "EETPS", RIF SFedU.
References[1] T.P. Comyn, T. Stevenson, A.J. Bell // J. Phys. IV Fr. 128, 13–17, 2005.
[2] H. Amorín, C. Correas, C. M. Fernández-Posada, O. Peña, A. Castro, M. Algueró // J. Appl.
Phys. 115, 104104, 2014.

Microstructure, Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Textured
Bismuth-containing Ceramics
E.I. Sitalo*, V.G. Smotrakov
Research Institute of Physics Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*sitalo@sfedu.ru
Bismuth titanate with a layered perovskite-like structure (Bi4Ti3O12, BLSF) was of great interestfor use in piezoelectric sensors at high temperature due to its high Curie temperature (TC = 675 °C)
and strong ferroelectric polarization [1]. The aim of the study is to investigate the processes ofcrystalline texture formation in polycrystalline BLSF and to establish the dependence of theelectrophysical properties of ceramics on the degree of texturing. Ceramics were textured using the
hot stamping method developed at the Research Institute of Physics [2]. The mechanism of themethod is that the workpiece is subjected to uniaxial pressure and free radial deformation occurs
due to the plastic flow of the material until the workpiece fills the free volume of the mold, whichis created by placing the workpiece in the mold with a gap. The study of the microstructure ofceramics showed that an increase in the firing temperature in the range of 950 – 1050 °C causes a
sharp decrease in porosity and increases the density to 7.95 g/cm3, which is 98% of theoretical. An
252

X-ray analysis was performed and microstructural studies were carried out, which revealed theformation of an axial texture in ceramics. The features of the switching processes of textured
ceramics are revealed. The characteristics of the polarization switching of ceramics in the directions
parallel and perpendicular () of the pressure axis during hot processing were obtained from thedielectric hysteresis P(E) loops, i.e. axis axial texture. The -cut ceramics are characterized by amore complete polarization switching, which is associated with the additional orientation of the(001) crystallographic planes in the textured material, as well as the presence of a thresholdswitching field. In the temperature range from ‒196 to +600 °C, the anisotropy of theelectrophysical properties of ceramics was studied due to the presence of a crystalline texture in it.
The dielectric constant, electrical conductivity, piezoelectric and elastic coefficients were measured
for sections of ceramics of different orientations relative to the axis of the texture. The anisotropyof the dielectric constant and electrical conductivity manifests itself weakly at room temperatureand increases sharply when approaching the Curie temperature. In the temperature range +20 – 400
С the high thermal stability of the piezoelectric module d33, measured by the quasistatic method,
was established.
Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020) withequipment of the CCU "EETPS", RIF SFedU.
References[1] Xudong Li, Lingli Zhu et al. // J. Appl. Phys. 127, 044102 (2020).
[2] E.G. Fesenko, V.P. Zavyalov et al. A method of manufacturing a high-density piezoelectric
ceramic // USSR author's certificate No. 1286576, MKI СО4В 35/64.

Determination of the Physical Constants of a Piezomagnetoelectric Layered
Composite
A.N. Soloviev1,2*, Do Thanh Binh2, V.A. Chebanenko3**, A.V. Derkun2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal

University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Federal Research Center "Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences",

Rostov-on-Don, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **valera.chebanenko@yandex.ru
A layered composite consisting of alternating piezoelectric and piezomagnetic layers is considered.
Such layered stack can be used as a piezoactive layer in a bimorph structure, in which these layers
are glued to the middle passive layer i.e., a substrate. The presented piezoelectric element can beused as a piezoelectric generator (PEG) for energy harvesting device which works in an external
alternating magnetic field. An alternating magnetic field is associated with some electromagnetic
device or may be artificial due to the rotation of some mechanism on which the permanent magnets
253

are located. To calculate the characteristics of the PEG, such as resonant frequencies, output
potential, etc., it is necessary to know the effective physical constants of a multilayer package.
Methods for determining these effective properties are developed in this study. A finite element
model of the representative volume of the composite is constructed and a number of static boundary
value problems are solved, which have analytical solutions for a homogeneous medium. Several
ways of determining effective constants are considered. Namely, the well-known volume fractions
method, the method of averaging the characteristics of internal fields over the volume and themethod proposed in the work, in which additional data for solving the inverse coefficient problem
are "measured" at the boundary of the body. Numerical calculations were carried out in plane andthree-dimensional formulations, in which various ratios of layer thicknesses and their number wereconsidered. The obtained results of calculating the effective physical constants of the composite
showed good agreement between the proposed method and the procedure for averaging over thearea.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 075-15-20191928.

Applied Theory of Bending Vibrations of a Bimorph with Two Active
Composite Piezomagnetoelectric Layers
A.N. Soloviev1,2*, Do Thanh Binh2, V.A. Chebanenko3**, E.V. Kirillova4
1

Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

2I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute,

Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Federal Research Center "Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences",

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
4RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Wiesbaden, Germany*solovievarc@gmail.com; **valera.chebanenko@yandex.ru
The theory is based on the plane problem of steady bending vibrations of a plate. The plate consistsof three layers. The outer two layers are two identical piezoactive layers made of composite
piezomagnetoelectric material. Between them there is a substrate i.e., a purely elastic layer. It is
assumed that the considered composite material is a package consisting of alternating piezoelectricand piezomagnetic layers. Therefore, to simplify the problem, when describing piezoactive bimorph
layers, the effective physical constants of a multilayer package will be used. The presented problem
is solved within the framework of the linear theory of piezomagnetoelectroelasticity. An applied
theory is built on the basis of hypotheses about the distribution of mechanical, electric and magnetic
fields using the variational principle. Within the framework of the constructed theory, the problemof finding the natural frequencies of the plate is solved, and the values of the mechanical, electricaland magnetic field characteristics are calculated. The constructed applied theory of bimorph
bending can be used to calculate a piezoelectric generator (PEG) for energy harvesting from anexternal alternating magnetic field. An alternating magnetic field is associated with some254

electromagnetic device or may be artificial due to the rotation of some mechanism on which thepermanent magnets are located.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 075-15-20191928 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant No. 19-08-00365_А.

Study of the Efficiency of Using Porous Piezoceramics in a Stack-type
Piezoelectric Generator
A.N. Soloviev1,2*, Do Thanh Binh2, V.A. Chebanenko3**, P.A. Oganesyan2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal University,

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Federal Research Center "Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences",

Rostov-on-Don, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **valera.chebanenko@yandex.ru
It is known that piezoelectric materials are widely used as actuators, sensors and generators inmechanical engineering and aerospace for monitoring the health of structures, shape control, active
suppression of parasitic vibrations, noise suppression, etc. In the field of energy harvesting by using
piezoelectric materials, free mechanical energy present in structures is converted into electricalenergy, and its subsequent transformation into suitable for powering low-power devices. In thiswork, within the framework of the previously developed mathematical model, we study theefficiency of a stack piezoelectric generator based on composite piezoelectric materials. The device
is a multilayer transducer consisting of several layers of porous piezoelectric ceramics, connectedin parallel into a single electric circuit. By modeling composite piezoelectric layers, previously
calculated effective material constants were used. The analysis of the considered devices is carriedout depending on the percentage of porosity of the piezoelectric ceramics and geometric dimensions.
It is shown that with an increase in the percentage of porosity, the output electrical characteristicsof the generator improve. As a result, a set of values of the geometric parameters of the device andvalues of the porosity of the material was obtained, on the basis of which it is possible tomanufacture PEG with the maximum possible output power.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 075-15-20191928 and by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant No. 19-08-00365_А.

255

The Simplest Mathematical Models of Wheat Ear Dynamics
A.N. Soloviev*, A.A. Matrosov, I.A. Panfilov, O.N. Lesnyak, D.A. Nizhnik
Don State Technical University, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com
The work is devoted to the urgent task of today, namely the development of new highly effective
physicomechanical methods for harvesting grain crops and the design of appropriate equipment [1,2]. Static and dynamic deformation of a stem with an ear of wheat is considered. The purpose ofthis report is to determine the factors affecting the stem for subsequent isolation of the grain. Twostages of grain ripening are considered: at the early stage, the grain is attached by the stalk to theear, at the second stage there is no stalk, the connection of grain with the spike is carried out bymeans of scales. Deformation is considered within elastic limits until the destruction of plantelements. An ear with a stem is an elastic body, one size of which is much larger than the other two,in addition, the geometric and mass characteristics of the stem and ear are significantly different
from each other. The grain size is much smaller than the size of the stem and spike. The statementof the problem is carried out in the framework of the linear theory of elasticity and represents theinitial-boundary-value problem in the case of non-stationary effects on the plant and boundaryvalue problems with static exposure and with steady vibrations. The simplest mathematical model
is a model consisting of absolutely solid bodies interconnected by elastic bonds. Rods with a given
moment of inertia act as such bodies, and spiral springs serve as elastic bonds [3, 4]. A more
complex model is the Euler-Bernoulli rod model. If at the same time we assume that the beam
consists of two homogeneous parts (stem and spike), then in this case, in a static and harmonic
analysis, a solution can be constructed analytically. In the general case, the characteristics of thecross-section and the mechanical properties depend on the longitudinal coordinate of the beam,
which leads to boundary value problems with variable coefficients, which can be solved analytically
only in some special cases and require numerical solutions. An analysis of the results for different
degrees of grain ripening made it possible to assess the applicability limits of the described models
and give recommendations on the parameters of the impact of the working body of the combine on
the ear.
References[1] Matrosov A.A., Serebryanaya I.A. In: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical
Conference "Construction-2013". Rostov-on-Don: RGSU Press, 75-76, 2013 (In Russian).
[2] Lysenok O.I., Matrosov A.A. In: Materials of the 7th International Scientific and Practical
Conference (Interagromash-2014). Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Press, 86-87, 2014 (In Russian).
[3] Lachuga Yu.F., Matrosov A.A., Panfilov I.A., Pakhomov V.I., Rudoy D.V. In: Abstracts of the
XIV All-Russian School "Mathematical Modeling and Biomechanics at a Modern University".
Rostov-on-Don: SFedU Press, 91, 2019 (In Russian).
[4] Lachuga Yu.F., Soloviev A.N., Matrosov A.A., Panfilov I.A., Pakhomov V.I., Rudoy D.V. In:
2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their
Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi University of
Science and Technology: Hanoi, 179 – 180, 2019.
256

The Use of Porous Piezoelectric Ceramics in a Piezoelectric Composite of
1-3 Connectivity
A.N. Soloviev1,2*, A.V. Nasedkin2**, Do Thanh Binh2, V.A. Chebanenko3***,
P.A. Oganesyan2
2

1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal University,
Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Federal Research Center "Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences",
Rostov-on-Don, Russia*solovievarc@gmail.com; **nasedkin@math.sfedu.ru; ***valera.chebanenko@yandex.ru
A piezoelectric composite of 1-3 connectivity is considered, which is a certain passive matrix filledwith parallel piezoactive rods. These piezoelectric rods are polarized along their length and undergo
tensile-compressive deformation. In this case, the main coefficient that characterizes the efficiency
of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy is the piezo module d33. If solid piezoceramic
is used as a piezoactive material, then usually its rigidity is much higher than that of the matrix. It
is possible to overcome this difference by using porous piezoelectric ceramics. It is known from theliterature that for porous piezoceramics the magnitude of the piezoelectric modulus d33 is practicallyindependent of the percentage of porosity, and in some cases, it becomes larger than for solid
piezoceramics. Determination of the physical properties of such a composite is carried out in twostages. At the first stage, the finite element package ACELAN-COMPOS determines the elastic,
piezoelectric and electrical properties of porous piezoelectric ceramics, as a composite 3-0, for a
discrete set of its percentage of porosity. At the second step, the data of the first stage are used, also
in the ACELAN-COMPOS package to determine the physical constants of the composite 1-3 ofconnectivity. In this case, both the percentage of porosity of the piezoceramic and its volume
fraction in the composite vary.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 075-15-20191928.

Finite-element Modeling of Soft Biological Tissues Indentation
A.N. Soloviev1,2*, A.S. Vasiliev1, I.A. Panfilov1, A.S. Lednov1, E.V. Sadyrin1
1

Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia* solovievarc@gmail.com

One of the most actual problems arising during keratoprostheses development is modelling ofinteraction of such an implant with the cornea soft tissues. The mathematical model should contain257

the mechanical properties of these soft tissues. One of the ways to determine these properties invivo is to conduct a nanoindentation experiment for cornea thus obtaining "load –displacement"functional relationship. This dependence can serve as additional information for solving the inverse
coefficient problem. The paper considers a contact problem for soft biological tissue in theframework of a poroelastic water-saturated medium described by the Bio model, which is the
prototype of the cornea of the eye. Within the framework of plane deformation, two types ofboundary conditions for pore pressure under a smooth flat punch and their influence on therelationship between the indentation depth and the contact force are investigated. The first typecorresponds to the impermeability condition, the second type corresponds to the proportionality ofpore pressure to contact stresses. Moreover, various boundary conditions on the surface of the bodyoutside the punch are considered: impermeability of the boundary and zero pore pressure. A set ofmechanical boundary conditions under the punch is also considered: smooth contact, rigid adhesion,and contact with friction. The problems are solved numerically using the finite element method forthe model material. It is concluded that it is necessary to compare the calculation results with a fullscale experiment for a material with specified properties. Such a comparison will allow one to build
an adequate mathematical model for the pore pressure under the punch.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Government of the Russian Federation (grant No. 14.Z50.31.0046).

Effect of Focal Position on Cut Surface Quality in Laser Cuttingof 50 mm Thick Stainless Steel
M.K. Songa, J.E. Kimb, J.H. Jungc, D.S. Shind, J. Suhd, S.J. Leed, J.D. Kime*
aLaser Advanced Machining Support Center, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
bOcean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
cGraduate School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea
dBusan Machinery Research Center, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials, Busan, Korea
eDivision of Marine Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan, Korea*jdkim@kmou.ac.kr
The technology for dismantling nuclear power structures is complex and difficult, similar to theirconstruction technology. Furthermore, structure dismantling requires a wide variety of technology
to prevent radiation leak and is a large-scale process that takes as long as 60 years in some cases.
Because workers do not have access to the inside of a nuclear power plant, a remote dismantlingsystem using automated devices such as robot is required for structure dismantling. Cutting
technology, which is currently used for structure dismantling in the nuclear power industry, includes
abrasive mixed waterjet, diamond wire cutting, and plasma arc cutting. However, because thesemethods contain complex mechanisms, their application is limited. Hence, recently, high-power
laser cutting that facilitates easy automation and long-distance remote control based on fibertransmission have attracted considerable attention in the nuclear power plant demolition industry[1, 2]. In this study, the parameters for underwater laser cutting of 50 mm thick stainless steel, which
is typically used in nuclear power structures, are investigated. The focal position of laser beam258

significantly affects the cutting quality. In particular, in the cutting of the thick sample, change inthe focal position determines the kerf width and the roughness of the cut surface.
References[1] Ana Beatriz Lopez, Eurico Assuncao, Luisa Quintino, Jonathan Blackburn, Ali Khan // Nuclear
Engineering and Technology. 49, 865-872, 2017.
[2] Abdul Fattah Mohd Tahir, Syarifah Nur Aqida // Optics & Laser Technology. 92, 142–149, 2017.

Reinforcing Effects of CNT Nanofiller for Enhancing the Interfacial Bonding
Strength of Filament Wound FRP Composites
Soo-Jeong Park, Yun-Hae Kim†
1Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea†yunheak@kmou.ac.kr

Nanofillers used in polymer composites have attracted considerable attention in reinforcement orfunctionalization. The nanofillers are a lightweight material and have advantages in the process,even without a change in scale, because the performance can be dramatically improved with only asmall amount. In this respect, in this study, carbon nanotube (CNT) was used to overcome thelimitations of failure such as band slip, resin-rich phenomena cross-ply region according to thefilament wound structure's winding angle. According to previous studies, CNT has been excellently
utilized to improve interfacial bonding strength in general fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) laminates.
However, the CNT is limited in use, such as non-uniform dispersibility due to aggregation inindustrial production of bulk scale. In other words, reinforcing CNTs throughout the structure may
act as a weakness that degrades the structure's performance.
Therefore, in this study, to maximize the interfacial reinforcement effect of CNT, the reinforcement
effect of CNT according to the reinforcement of each layer in the filament wound cylinder structure
is analyzed under various loads. In other words, the CNT nanofiller was applied to local layers
rather than full-scale filament wound FRP composites. Its effects on physical interfacial bonding
strength and failure behavior were evaluated. Besides, the roles of CNT nanofiller was investigatedby specifying interfacial defects such as interplay voids.
Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (No. 20005403), funded by the
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).

259

Study of the Influence of the Configuration of a Rotary Mixer on the Quality
Indicators of the Mixture
S.A. Stel’makh1*, E.M. Shcherban’1, I.A. Parinov2, A.V. Cherpakov1,2, J.-P. Wang3
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3

2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Department of Naval Architecture Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (R.O.C.)*au‐geen@mail.ru
The research substantiates the relevance of the influence on the mixing process of the geometricparameters of a rotary mixer, the design of the mixing body, its location in the volume of the mixer,
the shape of the mixer and its geometry [1]. The aim of the study was the influence of the ratio of
the height of the mixture and the diameter of the mixer on the quality of the mixture and power
consumption. The height (depth) of the liquid (foam concrete mixture) in the mixer vessel (Hmix)(for mixers with paddle mixers) is in practice taken equal to the vessel diameter (D), that is, Hmix =D. However, in the case of designing a mixer having a different height of the mixture in container,
the question arises whether this will affect the homogeneity of the mixture density in the volume of
the mixture and the power consumed for mixing. The ratio Hmix/D affects the density of the foam
concrete mixture. Fig. 1 shows the dependence of the coefficient of homogeneity of the foam
concrete mixture by density 𝐾= 𝜌̅ /𝜌̅
on the ratio Hmix/D.

Fig. 1. Dependence of the homogeneity of the foam concrete mixture on the ratio Hmix/D

The experiment was carried out on a cylindrical mixer with a conical bottom. The density of thefoam concrete mixture in the mixer volume was measured by sampling after preparing the mixture
through the discharge valves installed on the mixer body along the entire height with a step of 300
mm. Fig. 1 shows that with an increase in the loading height of the mixture, the homogeneity of the260mixed mixture steadily decreases. This is explained by the fact that the circulation flow rate q
decreases with an increase in the height of the mixture, the nature of the movement of the mixture
from the turbulent regime turns into a laminar one, and the turbulent transfer of particles of the
mixture between the central zone and the peripheral zone decreases.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] Sergey A. Stel’makh, Evgenii M. Shcherban, Anatolii I. Shuiskii, Al’bert Yu. Prokopov, Sergey
M. Madatyan, Ivan A. Parinov Alexander V. Cherpakov // Applied Sciences (MDPI). 10(22), 80558075, 2020.

Structure Features of BiFeO3 Thin Film on Magnesium Oxide Substrate
D.V. Stryukov1*, A.V. Pavlenko1,2
1Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences,

41, Chekhov Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
2Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,

194, Stachki, Ave., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*strdl@mail.ru
Multiferroics, are materials possessing simultaneously two or more primary ferroic-like properties.
Among multiferroics, BiFeO3 (BFO) is the most widely considered compound because ofcoexistence of remarkable structural, ferroelectric, magnetic and optical properties in its thin films
at room temperature.

Fig. 1. XRD pattern of BFO/MgO(001) heterostructure261

It makes BFO a unique candidate for multifunctional device applications. This paper presents theresults of the structure investigation of BFO thin films, which were grown on single-crystal
MgO(001) substrates by RF-cathode sputtering technique. By X-ray diffraction studies (Fig. 1) of
the BFO/MgO heterostructure, it has been revealed that the BFO film was sputtered epitaxially. No
impurity phases have been found. It has been established that the unit cell has a rhombohedral
structure. The unit cell parameters are a = 0.3964 ± 0.0001 nm; α = 89.8°. Preliminary work on thesynthesis of SrxBa1-xNb2O6/BFO two-layer structures on MgO(001) substrates have been carriedout.
Acknowledgements
This work was performed in the framework of a state assignment for the Southern Scientific Centerof the Russian Academy of Sciences (project No. 01201354247) and a grant of the President of theRussian Federation (project No. MK-678.2020.2).

Lamination Design for Composite Material Application of Ship Radar Mast
Sung-Won Yoon, Chang-Wook Park*
Research Institute of Medium & Shipbuilding, 38-6, Noksan Industrial Complex-232 Ro,
Gangseo-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea*cwpark@rims.re.kr
International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations on carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas
emissions have come into force, requiring energy saving and eco-friendly material technology.
Therefore, there is a need for a lightweight material that can maintain stability and durability in an
extreme marine environment and which has excellent mechanical performance. As the IMO's
environmental regulations have been strengthened to increase the energy efficiency of ships, theIMO has also begun to consider operational economics such as energy reduction through lightening
the hull. Demand for lighter weight technology using composite materials is increasing. Examples
would include lightweight large structures using composite materials, composite materials
replacing metal design parts, and polymer composite materials applicable to marine environments.
When the existing metal material is replaced with a composite material, the cargo transport volume
increases due to weight reduction and the operational efficiency is improved, so that a higheconomic effect can be expected. In this study, analysis is carried out on the application of a shipradar mast. In the composite material, the mechanical properties vary depending on the laminatedpattern of the reinforcing material. The properties of the composite materials were calculated using
the computer simulation program. The laminate patterns are an important factor in determining thestrength and life of the final structure. In this study, the structural safety was analyzed for thelaminate patterns. The laminating pattern and order were finally decided considering the results ofthe finite element analysis (FEA).

262

A Study on Structural Design and Analysis of 18ft CFRP Leisure Boat
Sung-Youl Bae1*, Yun-Hae Kim2
1Center of Ceramic Fiber Commercialization, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering andTechnology, Busan, Korea
2Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, Busan, Korea*boxer2002@hanmail.net
The purpose of this study is to develop a lightweight design model for an 18ft leisure boat. The
existing leisure boat is manufactured by GFRP material and hand lay-up process. CFRP is appliedon the new design to reduce the weight of boat, and automated tape laying machine is applied
manufacturing process of the lightweight boat. The newly designed CFRP model is 30% lighter
than the existing GFRP model. Moreover, it was confirmed that the newly designed lightweighthull has sufficient structural integrity compared to the existing hull through the structural integrity
evaluation by FEA.

The Treatment of Restaurant Wastewater Containing Oil and Grease by Using
Immersed Membrane Bioreactor: Design Concept, Application and its
Maintenance in Indonesia
Supardi*, Elisa Sulistyorini
Mechanical Engineering Department, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya, Indonesia*supardis@gmail.com
Restaurant business has been growing rapidly in Indonesia these days. As the consequence of thisgrowth, a large amount of wastewater containing a great amount of oil and grease from the leftovers
of food discharged to the sewage system every day. This will pose some adverse impacts to theenvironment and human beings if the appropriate treatment is not performed. One of the advanced
wastewater treatment plant, membrane bioreactor (MBR), has been claimed to have moreadvantages over conventional activated sludge (CAS) in terms of high efficiency of contaminantremoval and not-so-large space required. Several references about MBR technology have beenreviewed and corresponded with the restaurant wastewater issues (primarily oil and grease content),
and its condition in Indonesia. Based on this study, a design concept of biotreatment by using
isolated microorganisms and physical means by using immersed membrane is given for the labscale study. The lab-scale experiment is then needed to explore the feasibility of full-scale
application in restaurant and foodservice operation in Indonesia. The implementation of immersed
membrane bioreactor (iMBR), however, has a major drawback refers to as membrane fouling. Thisfouling can reduce the performance and lifespan of membrane, which then lead to an increase in263

maintenance and operating costs. This study also provides an overview of membrane fouling andseveral factors affecting it, as well as its mitigating strategies in iMBR full-scale application.

Determination of the Tribological Properties of the Oil Saturated Composite
under Dynamic Effects Depending on the Viscosity of the Liquid Phase
T.V. Suvorova, O.A. Belyak*
Rostov State Transport University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*o_bels@mail.ru
Recently, oil-filled nanocomposites, which are used for assemblies and parts of tribologicalapplications, have become widespread. The components of the considered composite materials haveviscoelastic properties and the properties of a viscous fluid [1]. When designing such new composite
materials, the actual and practically unexplored task is to study the influence of dynamic effects
arising due to vibration on the antifriction properties of the tribosystem. To study the patterns ofchanges in the stress-strain state of a tribosystem, a dynamic contact problem is solved taking into
account friction in the contact area for a base with a microstructure. For this purpose, the contact
problem of steady-state oscillations of a punch with a flat sole on a heterogeneous base is considered,taking into account friction in the contact area. The heterogeneous base is described by the BiotFraenkel equations in terms of displacements [2]. Using the integral Fourier transform, the problem
is reduced to an integral equation of the first kind with a difference kernel. The integral equation
was solved numerically based on the modified collocation method [3]. Depending on the viscous
properties of the liquid filler and the degree of saturation of the viscoelastic matrix of the material
with it, contact pressures and tangential displacements in the contact region were studied. The
results of numerical analysis are consistent with the field experiment for a low-saturated composite
with a matrix of the aromatic polyamide phenylone with nanoscale additives and a viscous
cylindrical filler oil.
Acknowledgement
This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 18-08-00260).
References[1] Ivanochkin P.G., Suvorova T.V, Danilchenko S.A., Novikov E. S., Belyak O.A. // Vestnik
RGUPS. 4(72), 18-25, 2018 (In Russian)[2] Belyak O.A., Suvorova T.V. // Ecological Bulletin of Research Centers of the Black Sea
Economic Cooperation. 3(16), 33-39, 2019.
[2] Kolesnikov V.I., Belyak O.A., Kolesnikov I.V, Suvorova T.V. // Doklady Akademii Nauk.
Physics, Technical Sciences. 2(491), 5–9, 2020.

264

A Novel Universal Voltage-mode Inverse Filter for Signal Processing
Ta-Chi Jeang, Po Cheng Ke, Hung-Yu Wang*, Tsair-Fwu Lee, Chien-Liang Chiu
Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
*hywang@nkust.edu.tw
Inverse filters are used in numerous situations, such as communication, speech processing, audio
and acoustic systems, and instrumentation [1 – 6]. They are put to use to recover the input signal
from the available distorted output signal resulted from the signal progress. The realization ofuniversal inverse filter received much attention due to its convenience of realizing different typeinverse filter functions. In this report, a novel universal voltage-mode inverse filter is proposed. It
can realize various inverse filter functions by using the same scheme. HSPICE simulations are
performed to verify the feasibility of the proposed structure. Its workability is shown by thesimulated results.
Acknowledgement
This research was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China,
grant numbers MOST 108-2622-E-992-012-CC3 and 108-2622-8-992-301-TE2.
References[1] O. Kirkeby, P. A. Nelson // Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 47(7-8), 583–595, 1999.
[2] J. K. Tugnait // IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 45(3), 658-672, 1997.
[3] E. M. Hamed, L. A. Said, A. Madian, A. G. Radwan // Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing,39(1), 2-29, 2020.
[4] D. R. Bhaskar, M. Kumar, P. Kumar // Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 97,
149–158, 2018.
[5] H. Y. Wang, C. T. Lee // Electronics Letters, 35, 1889-1890, 1999
[6] H. Y. Wang, S. H. Chang, T. Y. Yang, P. Y. Tsai // Circuits and Systems, 2, 14-17, 2011.

Intensity of Singular Stress Field Analysis for Scarf Joint
R. Takaki*, N. A. Noda, B. Wang, S. Wang, Y. Sano, Y. Takase
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan*takaki.rei244@mail.kyutech.jp
Semiconductor packaging contains various interfaces composed of different materials combinations,such as connection between semiconductor and substrate, sealing with resin, multilayer structuringof semiconductor chip and wiring, etc. To ensure the reliability, it is indispensable to evaluate thepeeling strength properly. The peel strength of dissimilar bonding interface varies greatly dependingon material combination, load type, bonding condition, and the like. In previous study, the265debonding strength of the butt joints was expressed by the intensity of singular stress field (ISSF).
In this study, the debonding strength evaluation will be investigated for scarf joint under tension byconsidering ISSF. Then, the debonding condition will be compared with the butt joint. Fig. 1 shows
relationship between the critical remote tensile stress 𝜎 and adhesive thickness h. Fig. 2 shows
the critical singular stress distribution 𝜎 (𝑟) near the interface corner. Fig.2 is obtained byconsidering ISSF. The critical remote tensile stress 𝜎 increases with decreasing adhesive
thickness as shown in Fig. 1. However, critical singular stress distribution 𝜎 (𝑟) can be expressedby almost one curve independent of adhesive thickness except when the thickness is extremely thick.

Fig. 1. Relationship between the critical remotetensile stress 𝜎 and adhesive thickness h for scarf
joint and butt joint

Fig. 2. Critical singular stress distribution
𝜎 (𝑟) at near the interface corner for scarf
joint and butt joint

Dielectric Tunability of Multicomponent Relaxor Ceramics
M.V. Talanov
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
mvtalanov@sfedu.ru
Ferroelectric materials demonstrate nonlinear dielectric response under applied electric field (E).
Dielectric tunability can be defined as n(E) = [ε(0) – ε(E)]/ε(0), where ε(0) and ε(E) represent thedielectric permittivity at E = 0 kV/cm and at a certain electric field, respectively. The study ofdielectric tunability is necessary for the use of materials in filters, phase shifters etc. Moreover, thebehavior of dielectric tunability reflects the fundamental features of the ferroelectric/dielectricmaterial response to an applied electric field. Relaxor ferroelectrics differ from other dielectricmaterials by extremely high values of dielectric constant and dielectric tunability, which at room
temperature can reach values of > 10,000 and > 75%, respectively. Therefore, the aim of this work
was to establish the dielectric tunability of multicomponent relaxor ceramics. The object of the
study
was
the
ceramicsofthemulticomponent
system266

(Pb0.95Ba0.05)(Zn1/3Nb2/3)y(Mg1/3Nb2/3)m(Ni1/3Nb2/3)nTixO3 with a wide variation in theconcentrations of the components. The choice of the object of study is due to a combination of highpiezoelectric and dielectric parameters of individual compositions, as well as a variety of polarstates (ergodic relaxor, relaxor with diffused transition to the ferroelectric state, normal ferroelectric)in the system. The ε(E) dependences were measured at room temperature in the ac measuring
electric field into range of 0.1 – 100 kHz on a test system including an Agilent 4263B LCR-meter.
The measurements were carried out using reversible changes in the dc electric field in the range
from –20 to +20 kV/cm. The report presents the main results of the study. In particular, thedependences of dielectric parameters on the concentrations of individual components (PbTiO3 andPbNi1/3Nb2/3O3) of solid solutions are obtained. The relationship between the dielectric parameters,
crystal structure and polar states of the studied objects is established. Moreover, it was shown thatthe study of the dielectric permittivity in strong electric fields makes it possible to clarify theboundaries between adjacent polar states at the x – T phase diagram, which are difficult to identify
based on the separate results of dielectric spectroscopy or X-ray diffraction. In the course of thestudy, the compositions, promised for practical applications of solid solutions, with the dielectric
permittivity of ~ 16,500 and the dielectric tunability of more than 90%, were identified.
Acknowledgements
This work has been done on equipment of Collective use center "Electromagnetic,
electromechanical and thermal properties of solids", Southern Federal University. This work was
financially supported by the State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal
University, 2020.

Dielectric Properties of Bismuth-containing Pyrochlores:
A Comparative Analysis
M.V. Talanov1*, A.A. Bush2, K.E. Kamentsev2
1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2 Research Institute of Solid-state Electronics Materials, Russian Technological University (RTU

MIREA), Moscow, 119454, Russia*mvtalanov@sfedu.ru
Bismuth-containing pyrochlores are of great interest due to their dielectric and optical properties aswell as photo-catalytic activity. One of the distinctive structural features of bismuth-containing
pyrochlores is disordered displacement of Bi3+ cations with a lone-electron pair. According to anumber of researchers, temperature-activated hopping of bismuth atoms between symmetricallyequivalent positions is a source of dielectric relaxation in bismuth-containing pyrochlores, forexample, in Bi1.5Zn1.0Nb1.5O7 (BZN) [1]. However, among all the known bismuth-containing
pyrochlores, one compound, namely Bi2Ti2O7 stands out fundamentally due to the absence of any
compositional disorder. Earlier, large impurity-free single crystals were grown and their structureand dielectric properties were investigated [2]. In particular, it was shown that, unlike otherbismuth-containing pyrochlores, attempts to describe the dielectric relaxation of Bi2Ti2O7 single
crystals using the Arrhenius equation lead to physically insignificant values of the fitting parameters.
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However, the relaxation behavior is well described by the empirical Vogel-Fulcher relation, which
is typical for many dipole and spin glasses, as well as relaxor ferroelectrics. The discovered relaxorlike behavior of the Bi2Ti2O7 single crystal makes it a candidate-material for studying aspects ofgeometric frustration related with pyrochlore structure in non-magnetic medium. The aim of thisstudy was to compare the dielectric properties of various bismuth-containing pyrochlores, which
are characterized by both disordered displacement of Bi3+ cations and dielectric relaxation. Fitting
parameters of the Arrhenius equation were analyzed for various bismuth-containing pyrochlores
with and without compositional disorder in the cationic sublattices. The details of the relationshipbetween the bismuth ions displacements, room temperature dielectric constant and dielectricrelaxation parameters are discussed in the report.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, Project 20-72-00086.
References[1] S. Kamba, V. Porokhonskyy, A. Pashkin, V. Bovtun, J. Petzelt, J.C. Nino, S. Trolier-McKinstry,
M. T. Lanagan, C. A. Randall // Physical Review B. 66, 054106, 2002.
[2] A. A. Bush, M. V. Talanov, A. I. Stash, S. A. Ivanov, K. E. Kamentsev // Cryst. Growth Des.
20, 824 – 831, 2020.

A Neural Network Analysis to The Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes
Te-Jen Su*, Feng-Chun Lee, Shih-Ming Wang
Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Sciences andTechnology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan*sutj@kuas.edu.tw
International Diabetes Federation (IDF) announced that there are currently 463 million adults
worldwide with diabetes, and the diabetic population in Taiwan has been growing. According todata from the National Health Insurance Bureau (MOHW), the prevalence of diabetes among adults
in Taiwan has reached 5% and is increasing every year. In 2016, diabetes caused 56 million deaths
worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) revealed that 1 from 11 adults has diabetes, but
1 from 2 adults is not diagnosed. By 2030, one from ten adults will have diabetes. This shows that
diabetes is an important public health problem. It is one of the four major non-communicablediseases that world leaders must act on. About 8% of Taiwanese adults have diabetes, which cancause many complications, such as cardiovascular disease, visual impairment, amputation, kidneydisease, etc. Cardiovascular disease is the most common complication of diabetes. It has the highest
mortality rate and greatly increases medical expenses. This study used neural networks to create apredictive model that can be used as a diagnostic reference for healthcare professionals.

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Particle Swarm Optimization Implementation on the Fault Diagnosis of
Gearbox
Te-Jen Su*, Tzung-Shiarn Pan, Tsung-Ying Li
Department of Electronic Engineering National Kaohsiung University of
Sciences and Technology. Kaohsiung, Taiwan*sutj@kuas.edu.tw
Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis both are issues which people attach importance to. We
research particle swarm optimization based on the parameters and the functions of algorithm topropose modified particle swarm optimization algorithm. We do research on the theory and methodsof the gearbox intelligent fault diagnosis based on particle swarm optimization algorithm. We solve
the problems of multi points sensor’s location and positioning by proposing modified location of
the gearbox sensors based on modified particle. According to the outputs of gearbox finite element,
we also build the adaptation based on modal assurance criterion. We prove the rationality of thismethod with the results of the gearbox experimental modal analysis and the frequency response
characteristics analysis. We propose intelligence fault diagnosis method based on dynamic
acceleration constant and modified speed of particle self-adaptation. We use time-domain andfrequency-domain characterizations of gearbox vibration signal as neural network input, while themain fault form of gearbox as output to build neural network fault diagnosis system which is basedon PSO. In the process of training and judgement, PSO is used as a rough optimization or off-line
learning process which can adjust and optimize the global network parameters. While neuralnetwork learning is used as a fine optimization or on-line learning process which can optimize local
parameters. We hope that the intelligent diagnosis method can improve the fault diagnosis
performance of the gearbox and provide a solution for the efficiency and the accuracy of non-linear
complex system fault diagnosis and for the improvement of automated diagnosis.

A Scissor Jack Mechanism Shear Mode Piezoelectric Energy Harvester forWind Mill
Tejkaran Narolia1*, Vijay K. Gupta1, I.A. Parinov2
1PDPM IIITDM Jabalpur, India,
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*tejkaran.narolia@iiitdmj.ac.in
Day per day consumption of traditional energy sources and their harmful effects on humans andother creatures have increased the attention of the scientists to alternative. Energy harvesting fromthe wind or water flows caused by piezoelectric material is the best alternative. On other hand, thesmall-power sensors, actuators and wireless communications devices are run on batteries [1]. The
269

replacement of batteries in small power consuming wireless sensors, implantable medical devices,and structural health monitoring system become a tough and tedious task [2]. Rezaei-Hosseinabadi
et al. [3] developed a topology for lift-based wind turbine piezoelectric harvester without contact
vibration mechanism. Xie et al. [4] designed a ring piezoelectric energy harvester having inner andouter concentric ring. The results show that power 5274.8 W has been generated at radius 0.5 m ofthe harvester. Wang and Liu [5] fabricated a shear mode piezoelectric energy harvester forharnessing the power from pressurized water flow. FEM simulation and experiments results showthat the open circuit peak to peak voltage vary from 72 mV to ‒72 mV. Zhou et al. [6] combined
shear mode ( 𝑑 ) piezoelectric constitutive equations and single degree of freedom vibration
system to harvest the energy from cantilever. Frequency dependent peak to peak voltage and powerhas been found out. Assembly of energy harvester is shown in Fig.1. For extracting power fromwind mill, shaft is coupled to the wind mill. The major components of the harvester are a scotchyoke mechanism, two piezoelectric scissor jacks and two springs with spring constant ks. The scotchyoke mechanism, shown in Fig. 2, is used to convert the rotary motion into a translated motion [7].
A sliding pair of slotted rod and cylinder mounted on the rotating wheel confirms the motion onlyin the normal direction to the shaft axis. When the shaft rotates with an angular velocity, , theeccentricity, Y, of cylinder and wheel, displaces the end of the slotted rod from the starting point in
time, t, by an amount 𝑍 = 𝑌 sin 𝜔𝑡. Figure 3(a) shows the piezoelectric-scissor jack mechanism,
consisting of four arms of uniform length.

Fig. 1. Simple Configuration of Energy Harvester

Fig. 2. Scotch yoke mechanism
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Fig. 3. (a) Scissor jack mechanism and (b) equivalent damped mass-spring modelFig. 4. Variation in RMS of electric power with spring stiffness

The lower ends of the upper two arms are hinged at fixed and sliding block for making turning
pair and upper ends of arms hinged together to form self-turning pair. The material of arms ofscissor jack is steel and the cross-section is square in plausibility with a side of square is s and thelength of the arm is l. Electrical power was calculated against various physical and geometricalparameters of the harvester. Analytical formulation indicates that the execution of the harvester
mainly depends on the stiffness of the spring and eccentricity of the scotch yoke mechanism. It isconsidered that the wind turbine is situated in areas of repugnant wind with a cut-in speed of 4.75
m/s for a turbine with three blades of 1 m length [8]. Figure 4 shows the influence of the spring
stiffness ks on the output electric power corresponding to the scissor jack angle, speed of theturbine, thickness and side of the PZT bar as 80º, 50 rad/s, 0.1 m and 20 mm, respectively. The
generator resistive torque, ksY2, is considered in the range between 0.4 to 1.2 N/m. The electric
power rises nonlinearly with increase in the stiffness of spring. At the resistive torque of 0.4 N/m,the RMS of the power varies from 2.006 W to 69.51 W, corresponding to stiffness value between
271

100 kN/m2 to 400 kN/m2. Similarly, at the resistive torque of 1.2 N/m, the RMS of the power
varies from 6.0019 W to 208.55 W with the same variation in stiffness of the spring. At constantresistive torque ksY2 a rise in the spring stiffness would lead to a decrease in the magnitude of Y,
and increase in the magnitude of the applied force on the PZT bars. So, an increase in the spring
stiffness, decreases the eccentricity to maintain a constant resistive torque and allows one to obtainhigher efficiency of the harvester. Adversely increase in the eccentricity Y at constant spring
stiffness ks increases the magnitude of the working force ksY, but simultaneously increases theresistive torque, thus reducing the effectiveness of the harvester at low wind speed areas.
Acknowledgement
Research was partially financially supported by RFBR grant No. 19-08-00365.
References[1] W. Wang, F. Ismail, F. Golnaraghi // IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst., 12(5), 710–723, 2004.
[2] M. Bhardwaj, T. Garnett, A. P. Chandrakasan // Commun. 2001. ICC 2001. IEEE Int. Conf. 3,
785–790, 2001.
[3] N. Rezaei-Hosseinabadi, A. Tabesh, R. Dehghani, A. Aghili // IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.,62(6), 3576–3583, 2015.
[4] X. D. Xie, Q. Wang, N. Wu // Int. J. Eng. Sci., 77, 71–78, 2014.
[5] D.-A. Wang, N.-Z. Liu // Sensors Actuators A Phys., 167(2), 449–458, 2011.
[6] L. Zhou, et al. // Sensors Actuators, A Phys., 179, 185–192, 2012.
[7] Scotch Yoke. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotch_yoke.
[8] D. H. Wood // Wind Eng., 25(4), 249–255, 2001.

Viscous Oil Cooling Unit
V.A. Temnenko1, D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I.Platov,

Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Today the current problem is the increase of automation level of one of the stages of petrochemical
production of polymer threads, namely automation of technological process of cooling the viscous
oil products [1]. The general principle of operation of the cooling unit is as follows: the fan sucks
air into the installation chamber from the room and/or outside, depending on the time of year where
it is mixed, filtered, cooled, moistened with sharp steam and heated to a given temperature [2]. The
air is cooled by cold water, which is supplied to the coil through a closed circulation system fromthe cold-water preparation unit. Cooling air is heated to the specified temperature using electricheaters [3]. The automated control system of the cooling plant has the following requirements: it isnecessary to provide alarm of the main emergency parameters, continuous monitoring of processparameters, to display process parameters on mnemonic circuits, to keep a set of process parameters
within the specified limits, control of various mechanisms and devices of the process service,272

recording the various transient states of the process [4]. To meet these requirements, it is necessary
to automate the process using the modern software logic controller [5].
References[1] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[2] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[3] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[4] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[5] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.

Determination of OH--group Concentration and Point Defects in
LiNbO3:Zn Crystals
N.A. Teplyakova, N.V. Sidorov, M.N. Palatnikov, L.A. Bobreva*
Tananaev Institute of Chemistry - Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre “Kola ScienceCentre of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Apatity, Russia*l.bobreva@ksc.ru
We carried out studies of effect of the crystal composition on the concentration of point defects
NbLi and VLi the concentration of OH--groups and the nature of complex defects associated with
OH--groups in the LiNbO3:Zn (4.54, 4.68, 6.50 mol% of ZnO), (LiNbO3 stech) (LiNbO3 congr) crystals
by infrared (IR) absorption spectra in the frequency range of stretching vibrations of hydrogenbonds. Doped zinc crystals at concentrations close to the second threshold value (7.0 mol% ZnO)
have a low photorefraction effect and a coercive field. These crystals are promising as nonlinear
optical materials for converting laser radiation including on periodically polarized domains. We
have grown the crystals by the Czochralski method in air from using the Crystal-2 apparatus at the
ICT KSC RAS. IR spectra were measured using a Bruker IFS 66 v/s spectrometer. Many physicalproperties of a lithium niobate crystal can be improved by changing the state of defectiveness of its
structure. The presence of point defects of NbLi, which are deep electron traps, significantly affects
the photorefractive properties of LiNbO3 crystals [1]. Moreover, in LiNbO3 crystals grown in air,
there are always hydrogen atoms bound to oxygen atoms by hydrogen bonds. In the structure of the
LiNbO3 congr crystal, NbLi defects present ~ 1 mol% and VLi defects present ~ 4 mol % [1]. When a
LiNbO3 congr crystal is doped Zn cations, NbLi defects will be displaced from the structure and dueto the conservation of charge neutrality of the cationic sublattice the number of VLi defects willchange [1]. These structural changes can be traced by infrared spectra. According to the Li-vacancy
compensation model [1], the concentration of point defects NbLi4+ and VLi- can be calculated using273

the formulas proposed in [2]. According to the calculation results, there are no NbLi defects in the
structure of the LiNbO3:Zn crystal (4.54 mol% ZnO). A further increase in the Zn concentration
leads to the appearance of NbLi defects and several absorption bands are already present in the IR
spectrum. From the IR spectrum the concentration of OH--groups can be calculated according to
the Clavier method [3]. The calculation showed the minimum content of hydrogen atoms in
LiNbO3:Zn crystals at an alloying element concentration near the second concentration threshold(7.0 mol% ZnO). Moreover, in heavily doped LiNbO3:Zn crystals, there are more free protons(contributing to the conductivity) than in lightly doped and nominally pure crystals, which can leadto higher electrical conductivity thermal fixation rate of holograms and a decrease in thephotorefraction effect.
References[1] Sidorov N.V., Wolf, T.R., Mavrin, B.N., V.T. Kalinnikov. Lithium Niobate: Defects,
Photorefraction, Vibrational Spectrum, Polaritons. Moscow: Nauka, 2003, 255 p.
[2] Salloum M.Y., Grunsky O.S., Manshina A.A., Tveryanovich A.S., Tveryanovich Y.S. //Russian Chemical Bulletin, 58(11), 2228-2232, 2009.
[3] Klauer S. // Physical Review B, 45, 2786-2799, 1992.

Experimental and Computational Studies on Stiffness Properties of
Nanoclay-Incorporated FRPs with Different Nano-Structures
Tianyu yu1, Zixuan Chen2, Soo-Jeong Park3, Yun-Hae Kim1,3†
1

Department of Marine Equipment Engineering, Graduate School, Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, 727 Taejong-ro, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea
2School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road,
Shanghai, 200092, PR China
3 Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, 727 Taejong-ro, Yeongdo-gu, Busan, 49112, Republic of Korea†yunheak@kmou.ac.kr

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are innovative natural clay materials with unique multi-walled
continuous hollow tubular structures. This study investigated the stiffness properties of differentstructured HNTs incorporated basalt fiber reinforced polymers (BFRPs) by combining experimental
and computational approaches. The amorphous HNTs (AHNTs) were synthesized by heat treatment
under 1000 °C, sustaining four hours. The AHNTs shown in Fig. 1(a) presents the flattened
structures obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Fourier-transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) shown in Fig. 1(b) validates the amorphous structure after heat treatment.
Incorporation of HNTs effectively improved the bending strength and interlaminar shear strength(ILSS) of BFRPs. The computational results obtained based on the Eshelby-Mori-Tanaka model
demonstrate effectiveness on stiffness enhancement with flattened structure. The tendency ofexperimental and computational results are identical. Moreover, the stress concentration factor
during transverse loading in the representative volume element (RVE) can be reduced by274toughening the matrix, which contributes to the higher through-thickness strength of HNTincorporated BFRPs.

Fig. 1. TEM photographs (a) and FTIR spectra (b) of as-received HNT and AHNT

Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the Technology Innovation Program (No. 20005403), funded by the
Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy (MOTIE, Korea).

Meso- and Microstructural Anomalies in Ceramics of Ferroactive Solid
Solutions
S.V. Titov*, L.A. Shilkina, V.V. Titov, A.V. Pavlenko, I.A. Verbenko, L.A. Reznichenko
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*svtitov@sfedu.ru
Objects with a combination of fundamentally different macroscopic properties (dielectric,
piezoelectric, magnetic, optical, elastic) are of most interest to modern researchers. The reason forthis interest is the desire to reduce the cost of scientific and technical products and make them
universal. In recent decades, researchers have begun to examine in detail the structure of matter inthe solid state, characterizing it as a combination of nano- and microstructural complexes, often
possessing scale invariance properties in a certain range of scales. X-ray and multifractal studies ofthe structure of solid solutions, promising both as an independent basis for ferroelectric materials
and as one of the components of new solid solutions, were carried out in the work. The objects ofstudy are PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 with the addition of MnO2 (PFNM) and Li2CO3 (PFNL), introduced inexcess of stoichiometry in an amount of 1% wt. each, and Bi1-хLaхMnO3 with 0.4 < x < 0.6. Using
X-ray diffraction analysis, the phase composition, unit cell parameters, and the degree of perfectionof the crystal structure were determined. For multifractal parameterization, the following
parameters were used [1]: (i) the fractal dimension D0; (ii) the “orderliness” parameter  = D1 –Dq at q >> 1; (iii) the “homogeneity” parameter f= f[(q)] at q >> 1. Multifractal scanning was275

performed to identify the spatial arrangement of heterogeneities in the ceramic microstructure:
images of vast areas (containing 2000 or more grains) of the ceramic surface were examined andareas with parameters significantly different from the region average were revealed. The study
revealed a number of factors that critically affect the quality of the ceramics structure. The optimalcompositions and temperature conditions for solid solutions are established. A number of mesoand microstructural anomalies were recorded, caused by both technological influences and theinteraction of components in solid solutions. The character of the parameter f distribution in Bi1хLaхMnO3 ceramics in the form of alternating bands with high and low values is revealed.
Decreasing f is associated with an increase in microdeformation of the solid solution’ crystalline
cell. The occurrence of such anomalies is considered as one of the stages of deformation in progress.
This stage precedes the transition of stability loss processes to the macro-level and the subsequent
destruction of the material. A multilevel approach to structural research allows us to identify howchanges in the composition and technological regulations affect the properties of ceramics; it isuseful in the development of new highly efficient ferromagnetic materials.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).
Reference[1] G. V. Vstovskii, A. G. Kolmakov, I. Zh. Bunin, Introduction to the Multifractal
Parameterization of Material Structures. Center for Regular & Chaotic Dynamics, Izhevsk, 2001
(In Russian).

Resistive Switching in Nanocrystalline ZnO Films for Next Generation
Memory Development
R.V. Tominov*, V.I. Avilov, A.A. Avakyan, V.A. Smirnov
Southern Federal University, Institute of Nanotechnology, Electronics and Electronic Equipment
Engineering, 2, Schevchenko Str., Taganrog, 347928, Russia*roman.tominov@gmail.com
The development of electronic technology is aimed at creating computer memory that can meet thegrowing demand for energy efficiency, compactness and speed of computing systems. There areseveral technologies that can combine the advantages of read-only memory and random- accessmemory, the most promising of which is the non-volatile resistive memory ReRAM [1]. The
ReRAM memory element has a relatively simple structure consisting of an oxide layer locatedbetween two conductive contacts. The principle of operation of ReRAM is based on the effect of
resistive switching, namely a change in the resistance of an oxide film between high resistancestates (HRSs) and low resistance states (LRSs) under the influence of an electric field. The effectof resistive switching is demonstrated by many metal oxides, among which nanocrystalline zincoxide grown using the pulsed laser deposition method is particularly notable for its speed and energy
efficiency. However, for the manufacture of a new generation of computer memory, there are276

currently no systematic studies of the effect of resistive switching in nanocrystalline zinc oxide,
which is the aim of this work. Nanocrystalline ZnO films were grown by pulsed laser deposition at
Al2O3/TiN structure. Zn was used as a target. Deposition was under the following conditions: wafer
temperature 500 °C, substrate – target distance 40 mm, O2 pressure 1 mTorr, pulse energy 300 mJ,
number of pulses 5000, frequency 10 Hz. Electrical measurements were performed using
semiconductor characterization system Keithley 4200-SCS (Keithley, USA) with W probes. During
the measurement, the TiN bottom contact was grounded, and the tungsten probe was used as the
top contact. As a result, 30 current-voltage characteristics (CVCs) were obtained at one point witha voltage scan from ‒3 V to +3 V. The average CVC and the dependence of HRS and LRS on thenumber of switching cycles at the point are plotted. Analysis of the results obtained showed, that
resistance of the ZnO nanocrystalline film in the HRS was equal to 0.35 ± 0.14 MΩ and 56.31 ±1.54 MΩ in the LRS. HRS/LRS ratio was equal to 160. Resistance dispersion can be due to uneven
distribution of the defects in the volume of nanocrystalline ZnO oxide film during resistanceswitching. The obtained results can be used for technological processes of nanocrystalline ZnO film
based on the next generation of computer memory.
Acknowledgement
This research is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under grants No. 19-2903041_mk.
Reference[1] Smirnov V. A., Tominov R. V., Avilov V. I., Alyabieva N. I., Vakulov Z. E., Zamburg E. G.,
Ageev O. A. // Semiconductors. 53(1), 72 – 77, 2019.

Piezoelectric Sensitivity of Modern Lead-Free 1–3-Type Composites Based on
Domain-Engineered Single Crystals: Longitudinal and Hydrostatic Responses
V. Yu. Topolov*, A. O. Denisova
Department of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*vutopolov@sfedu.ru
In the last decade, many examples of novel lead-free piezo-active composites were discussed owing
their piezoelectric performance, electromechanical coupling, anisotropy factors, and othercharacteristics that are important for various applications. Among piezoelectric materials to be
applied as main components of the modern lead-free composites, one can choose ferroelectricdomain-engineered single crystals (SCs) with the perovskite-type structure and piezoelectriccoefficients dij [1 – 4] that are comparable to those of conventional PZT-type ferroelectric ceramics
in the poled state. Hereby we mention alkali niobate-based SCs with the large piezoelectriccoefficient g33 [4] related to the longitudinal response. This is important to take into account whencreating novel composites, for instance, of the 1–3 type [2, 3, 5] with parallel long SC rods in large
matrices. In the present study, we analyse some relationships between the microgeometry andpiezoelectric coefficients of the 1–3-type piezo-active composites wherein the ferroelectric domainengineered alkali niobate-based SCs are main components. Of great interest are the 1–3-type
composites with the large effective piezoelectric coefficients g33* and gh* = g33* + g32* + g31*.
277

These parameters are related to the longitudinal (g33*) and hydrostatic (gh*) responses of thecomposite sample. Taking into account specifics of the microgeometry of these composites (i.e., asystem of long parallel SC rods surrounded by a heterogeneous polymer matrix), the poling
direction (along the OX3 axis) and the elastic anisotropy of their heterogeneous matrices, weconsider examples of the composites for which conditions:(i)g33* > 1 V.m/N and gh* > 1 V.m/N,(ii)
g33* > 1 V.m/N and 0.1 V.m/N < gh* < 1 V.m/N,(iii) 0.1 V.m/N < g33* < 1 V.m/N and 0.1 V.m/N < gh* < 1 V.m/N
hold. We analyse the role of the heterogeneous matrix in forming the high piezoelectric sensitivityof the 1–3-type composite in specific volume-fractions, and cases (i) and (ii) are in the focus ofattention. Main representatives to be of interest due to the large g33* and gh* values are theSC/porous polymer (1–3–0 connectivity) and SC-1/SC-2/polymer (1–0–3 connectivity) composites.
In addition, we consider the novel 1–3–0 composite wherein the porous polymer matrix contains
two kinds of air pores [5]. We take into account specifics of elastic properties of the matrix
surrounding the SC rods and discuss ways to form a large elastic anisotropy of the matrix and ahigh piezoelectric sensitivity of the composite. Some ways to increase the gh*/g33* ratio arehighlighted in the context of connectivity patterns and components of the 1–3-type composites. The
studied lead-free composites can be applied as elements of piezoelectric sensors, transducers,hydrophones, etc.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] D. Zhou, K. H. Lam, Y. Chen et al. // Sens. a. Actuat. A. 182, 95, 2012.
[2] V. Yu. Topolov, C. R. Bowen, A. N. Isaeva // IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelec., a. Freq.
Cont. 65, 1278, 2018.
[3] V. Yu. Topolov, C. R. Bowen, A. N. Isaeva, A. A. Panich // Phys. Stat. Sol. A. 215, 1700548,
2018.
[4] X. Huo, R. Zhang, L. Zheng et al. // J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 98, 1829, 2015.
[5] V. Yu. Topolov, A. N. Isaeva, P. Bisegna // J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 53, 395303, 2020.

Piezoelectric Sensitivity and Anisotropy in 1–3-type Composites
Based on Ferroelectric Lead-free Single Crystals
V. Yu. Topolov1*, A. N. Isaeva1, C. R. Bowen2
1

Department of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK*vutopolov@sfedu.ru

An interest in 1–3-type composites that are based on ferroelectric domain-engineered alkali
niobate – alkali tantalate single crystals (SCs) [1, 2] originates from the piezoelectric performanceand anisotropy of these composites. The use of a lead-free SC component with large piezoelectric278

coefficients g3j [3] and varying the microgeometric characterisitics of the matrix leads to a highpiezoelectric sensitivity of the composite. In the present study, we show an influence of the matrix*
on the piezoelectric coefficient g 33
, thickness electromechanical coupling factor (ECF) kt* andrelated anisotropy factors of the 1–3-type composite with two SC components. The studiedcomposite consists of a system of long SC-1 parallelepiped-shaped rods and a
0–3 SC-2 / polymer matrix (Figure). The SC-1 rods with square bases
are poled along [001] of the perovskite unit cell, and the spontaneouspolarisation of each SC-1 rod is Ps(1)  OX3. Such a composite ischaracterised by 1–0–3 connectivity [2]. It is assumed that the SC-2
inclusions are regularly distributed in the large polymer matrix, and theshape of each inclusion obeys the equation (x1/a1)2 + (x2/a2)2 + (x3/a3)2= 1. Hereby i = a1/a3 is the aspect ratio of the SC-2 inclusion. Amonglead-free SC components of interest, we consider the ferroelectric [001]-poled(K0.562Na0.438)(Nb0.768Ta0.232)O3 (KNN-T) SC-1 for the rods and piezoelectric Li2B4O7 (LBO) SC-2
for inclusions in the 0–3 matrix. By varying i, even at a relatively small volume fraction of the SC-2
inclusions mi = 0.1, we observe an influence of i on the piezoelectric sensitivity, electromechanicalcoupling and anisotropy factors of the 1–0–3 composite (Table).
**
Table. Piezoelectric coefficient g 33
(in mV.m/N), thickness ECF kt* , and anisotropy factors g 33/|***
g 31 | and kt /| kp | of the 1–0–3 KNN-T SC/LBO SC/polyethylene composite at the volume fractionof LBO mi = 0.1 in the 0–3 matrix
*
*
*
*
*
*
i
/| g 31/| g 31
|
g 33
kt*
g 33
kt* /| k*p |
g 33
kt*
g 33
kt* /| k*p ||At the volume fraction of SC-1, m =At the volume fraction of SC-1, m = 0.2
0.1
0.01
510
0.749
4.46
9.27
300
0.800
3.83
9.30
0.1
566
0.773
4.47
8.14
315
0.812
3.83
8.71
0.5
599
0.788
4.49
7.70
323
0.819
3.89
8.47
1
604
0.791
4.60
7.70
324
0.820
3.96
8.46
5
608
0.793
5.40
8.12
325
0.821
4.45
8.54
10
609
0.793
6.20
8.46
325
0.821
4.89
8.51
*
*
*
The large g 33
and kt* values and considerable anisotropy factors g 33/| g 31| and kt* /| k*p | suggest thatthe studied composite can be of interest for piezoelectric sensor, transducer and related applications.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] V. Yu. Topolov, C. R. Bowen, A. N. Isaeva, A. A. Panich // Phys. Stat. Sol. A. 215, 1700548, 2018.
[2] V. Yu. Topolov, C. R. Bowen, A. N. Isaeva // IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelec., a. Freq. Contr.
65, 1278, 2018.
[3] X. Huo, L. Zheng, R. Zhang et al. // CrystEngComm. 16, 9828, 2014.

279

Strength of Protective Sheet in Multi-Layered Pipe Plug Used for Repair andMaintenance of Underground Piping
H. Tottori*, N. A. Noda, G. Gao, Y. Sano, A. Kai
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan*tottori.hisanori731@mail.kyutech.jp
The water and sewer system are becoming obsolete in Japan. It is necessary to find out a suitablewater stopping method to reinforce and repair the underground pipe without stopping the watersupply system and sewer functions as shown in Fig. 1. We focused on sewer pipe plug in Fig. 2 thatcan be installed and removed shortly having various diameters and used conveniently. In this study,
two types of protective sheets were investigated experimentally. The sheet specimens are preparedwith and without slit and seams.

Fig. 1. Image of using Multi-Layered Pipe Plug

Fig. 2. Image of Multi-Layered Pipe Plug

Table. 1. Fracture stress of IZANAS cloth without seams and with seams

Table 1 shows the fracture stress of the IZANAS cloth specimens. Fig. 3 shows the sheet
without seams with slits. Fig.4 shows the sheet with seams without slits. The specimen
without seams need double slits to eliminate the gripping part fracture. The tensile strength of
the IZANAS cloth obtained as 𝜎
= 200MPa as shown by A1 in Table. 1. The average
280fracture stress of the seamed specimens is 𝜎
as shown by B0 in Table. 1.

= 34MPa, which is 17% of 𝜎

Fig. 3. Specimen without seam with slits= 200MPa

Fig. 4. Specimen with a seam without slits

Operation Modes of the Automated Gas Monitoring System in the Pipeline
K. M. Ugrovatov1, D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D.A. Onyshko2
1Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I.Platov,

Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
Currently, more than 80% of the country's population use gas fuel in everyday life, and most of theapartments are gasified with liquefied gas [1]. Natural gas is used mainly by industry and in thermal
power, which accounts for about 50% of gas consumed, including 26% at power plants of the
Ministry of Energy, 15% in heating boilers and 14% in industrial boilers [2]. There is not a single
branch of the national economy where gas is not used. Today, the state of the gas industry and theeconomic situation require organizations delivering gas to the end user to strengthen control overboth gas supply regimes, the state of the gas distribution network, and the amount of gas transferred[3]. The main parameter that characterizes the state of the gas distribution network is the gaspressure [4]. In this regard, it can be concluded that the issues related to the study of the operation
modes of the automated gas control system in the pipeline are relevant [5].
References[1] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[2] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[3] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[4] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.
[5] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
281

Is the Majority Gypsum for Ceiling Choosing on Housing and Buildings in
Surabaya, Indonesia?
Uniek Praptiningrum W*, Joko Santoso**
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya,
Indonesia*uniek@untag-sby.ac.id; **joko_santos@untag-sby.ac.id
To implement architectural works, such as residential, houses, and buildings; the shape and its
facade, including the interior, construction and building materials are elements that need to beconsidered. In architectural works, structures election, construction and interior building materials
are not only considered in terms of strength and durability, but also from the ease of obtaining thematerials, as well as adjusting the shape, and installation. In order to be categorized as goodarchitectural works, buildings should have: attractive appearance, wide and comfortable, beautiful
views, safe construction, easy to maintain and simple inform, has local wisdom and nature andenvironmental friendly. This research is focused more specifically toward the trend of theselection/use of structures, construction and building materials for ceiling, especially interior ceilingframes in residential/buildings in Surabaya. From a temporary survey, it was found that 75% from120 residents of residential and buildings in Surabaya chose to use gypsum for its structure and theconstruction of the roof frame. While the remaining 25% choose a combination between gypsum,wood, drywall and other materials. The purpose of this study is to find out the enthusiasm/tendencyof Surabaya residents and their reasons for determining the interior especially for ceiling, structure
and the construction of building materials for the ceiling frame of residential houses/buildings.
What are the elements from the architectural viewpoint to become one of the considerations? The
methods used are both field survey by distributing questionnaires and direct interviews withrespondents. The provisional results obtained are a tendency to prioritize the ease of monitoring
and current trends compared to maintaining local wisdom and nature friendly and healthy
environment. It can be seen from the increasing number of houses and buildings built using modernbuilding materials. This trend is not only possessed by the middle and upper class as in some realestate areas in Surabaya, but it has also penetrated in to residential housing among the middle andlower classes such as in residential houses in several areas in Surabaya.

The Variable Order Riesz Potential on Quasimetric Spherein the Variable Exponent Hölder Space
B. G. Vakulov, Yu. E. Drobotov*
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
The Riesz potential type operator of a variable complex order   x  is considered as282

 K   f   x  :  d
 

Sn1

f  
n 1  x  x,  d , x  S n 1 ,where d  x,   is a quasimetric on the n -dimensional unit sphere S n1 with radius r and center xc ,embedded in the real vector space R n , i.e.
Sn1 :   1 ,...,  n   R n : d  xс ,    r , xc  R n .









The condition for K     is a bounded operator from the space Lp Sn1 to the variable exponent
Hölder spaceH      Sn1  : f is continous on Sn 1 : x  Sn 1 M d  f , x, t   C t   x  , t  1, 0  C   ,defined by the local continuity modulus
M d  f , x, t  :supy Sn1 : d  x , y  tf  x  f  y  ,are investigated, which is the basis for constructing the solution of the integral equation

E  K    f  g , E f  f .
 

As the one is of interest within mathematical modelling in mechanics and material sciences [1], theresults are to serve to expand the relevant theories. The background of the research is [2], in which
the reflection between Hölder spaces by K     was considered for a quasimetric homogeneous
space.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Tarasov V. E. Fractional Dynamics: Applications of Fractional Calculus to Dynamics ofParticles, Fields and Media. Berlin, Germany: Springer, 2010.
[2] Vakulov B. G., Samko N. G., Samko S. G. // University News North-Caucasian Region. Natural
Sciences Series. Special Issue, 40–45, 2009.

On Smoothness of the Solution of an Integral Equation with
the Spatial Riesz Potential Type Operator
B. G. Vakulov, Yu. E. Drobotov*, G. S. Kostetskaya
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
Riesz kernels include the ones of the classical potential theory, such as the Newtonian andlogarithmic ones, and Green kernels associated with a region as special and limiting cases, whichmakes the Riesz potential type operators of interest for applications in mathematical physics,283

mechanics and material science. Here, the potential type operator with the bounded and sufficiently
smooth differential characteristic a    is considered in the following way:

 K f   x     x  t   dt , 0    n .
a x t f t



n 

a

R

n

  can be represented as the convolution

Under certain conditions [1], the inverse operator K a

1

K  f  D f    f ,
 1





a



where   x  is integrable and D is the hypersingular integral with the characteristics     D f   x   d 1  




n ,l

Rn

  f   x   t dt ,
l
t

t

n 



0   l ,  f   x  is a finite difference of the function f with the center at the point x of the order l withlt

the step t , d n ,l   is the normalizing constant such that D    

 /2

. The latter provides

therefore the solution of the integral equation:
E  K a f  g , E f  f ,in the terms of D , and the presented research considers its smoothness in the terms of weighted
Hölder spaces. Moreover, the results on applications in various computational problems aredemonstrated and new mathematical models, valuable for practical use, are outlined.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
Reference[1] Vakulov B. G., Kostetskaya G. S., Drobotov Y. E. In: Nekrasova, I., Karnaukhova, O.,
Christiansen, B. (Ed.), Fractal Approaches for Modeling Financial Assets and Predicting Crises.
IGI Global, 249‒273, 2018. http://doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-3767-0.ch013

Effect of Laser Pulses Energy on the Morphology and Electrical Properties of
LiNbO3 Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition
Z.E. Vakulov1*, D.A. Khakhulin2, A.A. Geldash2, V.S. Klimin2, O.A. Ageev2
1Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
2(SSC RAS), Rostov-on-Don, Russia
Southern Federal University, Research and Education Centre «Nanotechnology»,
Taganrog, Russia*zakhar.vakulov@gmail.com

Advances in wireless technology and MEMS made it possible to use energy converters as analternative to conventional electrochemical batteries, which are now widely used as a power source284

for portable electronic devices. Besides, the battery life frequently is limiting the operational timeof the device itself. Replacing or recharging batteries is often ineffective. Therefore, the harvesting
and conversion of environmental energy into electric energy is considered today as a prospective
alternative to electrochemical batteries and can act as an independent power source for portabledevices and wireless sensors. Currently, one of the most promising areas within this field is theconversion of the environment mechanical energy (vibrations) into electrical energy by thepiezoelectric effect. For expanding the scope of possible applications of such devices, the use oflead-free piezoelectric materials is of particular interest. One of the potential materials for use inpiezoelectric converters is LiNbO3, thanks to high Curie temperature and the absence of lead. Oneof the urgent tasks in the formation of thin metal oxides films is the study of processes that affectthe preservation of the stoichiometric composition. The composition determines the structural andelectro-physical properties of the formed films, which will allow the use of LiNbO3 films as part ofmechanical energy converters. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) allows the complex oxides films
stoichiometric fabrication when a specific threshold value of the laser pulse power is exceeded.
However, the physical mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not yet been detailed clarified.
Thus, the purpose of this work is to study the influence regularities of laser pulses energy during
the deposition of LiNbO3 films by PLD on morphology and electro-physical parameters of the films.
LiNbO3 films were deposited by the PLD method using a Pioneer 180 module (Neocera Co., USA)of the NANOFAB NTK-9 cluster nanotechnological complex (NT-MDT, Russia). The number ofpulses was constant and kept at 50,000 with 10 Hz a pulse repetition rate. The energy of laser pulses
varied in the range from 180 mJ to 220 mJ. The films were fabricated at the substrate temperatureof 600 °C. The results show that with an increase in laser pulses energy from 180 mJ to 220 mJ, thethickness of LiNbO3 films increases from 132.3 ± 8.8 nm (film deposition rate of 1.47 nm/min) to
153.9 ± 0.5 nm (film deposition rate of 1.71 nm/min). Raise in grain size can be associated withcoalescence processes caused by the higher kinetic energy of the ablated particles due to increased
laser pulses energy from 180 mJ to 200 mJ. Further increase in laser pulses energy above 200 mJ,
ablated particles have smaller sizes, which leads to the formation of a fine-grained film. Increase inlaser pulses energy from 180 mJ to 220 mJ, the concentration of charge carriers of LiNbO3 films
decreases from 8.61015 cm‒3 to 1.01013 cm‒3. The charge carriers mobility increases from 0.43
cm2/V·s to 80.4 cm2/V·s, which may be associated with enhancing stoichiometry during heat andmass transfer within transition space as well as decreasing in the defectiveness of the films, whichindicates a transition from the evaporation to ablation mode. The obtained results are promising to
the fabrication of innovative energy converters for the Internet of Things devices based on lead-freeferroelectric films.
Acknowledgement
The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No. 19-3860052.

285

Numerical Study of Impurity Transport in Thin Horizontal Layer with a Free
Boundary for the Stationary Turbulent Fluid Flow
A. V. Vasilev*, E. V. Shiryaeva
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*avvasiliev1995@gmail.com
The behavior of an impurity in a stationary turbulent flow is numerically studied with the help finite
element method. An asymptotic model based on the Navier–Stokes equations is used as amathematical model of process. It is assumed that the liquid layer has a free surface, is in the gravity
field, and the thickness of the layer is much smaller than the horizontal size. Moreover, it is assumed
that the turbulent viscosity depends on the coordinates and vanishes at the lower boundary of thelayer (reservoir bottom). A special feature of the model is the rejection of the non-slip conditions
for viscous liquid to the lower boundary of the layer. This allows us to reject the hypothesis of
instantaneous adaptation and set the relief of the lower boundary arbitrarily. The asymptotic model
does not contain inertial and nonlinear terms. In this case, the flow of the liquid is described byanalytical formulae. The flow velocity has a logarithmic profile along the vertical coordinate and asingularity at the lower boundary of the layer. To prevent the occurrence of a singularity in thevicinity of the lower boundary layer, a fictitious surface is introduced that simulates the roughnessof the reservoir bottom. This situation is typical when describing turbulent flows. To study the
behavior of an impurity the main attention is focused on the construction of special numericalapproximations for equations describing the transport of passive impurity particles by the fluid flow,that settle to the reservoir bottom under the influence of gravity. The sedimentation process ismodeled by various theoretical and semi-empirical relationships that take into account particle sizeand shape, sedimentation rate, drag coefficients, and other factors. Computational experiments areshown that the impurity transport near the lower boundary, at almost any sedimentation rate, ismainly determined by the topography of the reservoir bottom. It is shown that bottom vortex flows
are formed in the depressions of the bottom. These vortex flows capture the impurity and block its
propagation along the stream. At certain values of the liquid flow parameters in the vicinity of thelower boundary, counter-flows of liquid may occur. In this case, when the impurity reaches thelower boundary of the layer, a significant distortion of the impurity spot occurs. The computational
experiment also allowed us to specify the optimal approximation of the convective terms of the
impurity transport equation. This made it possible to significantly improve the accuracy of
calculations. In particular, a pseudo-conservative scheme has been constructed for the finite element
method, which allowed us to satisfy the conservation law of the amount of impurity with highaccuracy. The calculations presented are shown good agreement with the experimental data
available in the literature.
Acknowledgement
The results of this research were financially supported by the Southern Federal University, grant
No. VnGr-07/2020-04-IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

286

Development and Application of a Convolutional Neural Network Based on the
Generated Data Set in Identification Problems
P.V. Vasiliev*, A.V. Senichev, A.I. Novikova
Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*lyftzeigen@mail.ru
Modern production processes place high demands on product quality control, which can be carriedout at various stages of both production itself and further operation. This aspect plays a huge rolein many industries, science and technology. Timely diagnosis, prediction and identification of
defects is a necessary measure that can prevent many negative consequences occurring in the resultof failures and breakdowns of both structural elements and systems as a whole. In the result of therapid growth in the volume of road surfaces and along length, the complexity of conducting
complex diagnostics and constant monitoring of road networks increases [1, 2]. Timely detectionand elimination of malfunctions can reduce the risk of uncontrolled events that can entail significant
expenses aimed at eliminating the consequences. Existing research trends show that deep
convolutional neural networks are highly effective for the automatic analysis of large volumes ofimages. They are also effective in identifying features. Using these features, it is possible to analyze
problem areas of the road surface. To solve complex informal problems of segmentation,
forecasting and classification, artificial neural networks are widely used. A variety of neuralnetwork architectures and techniques make it possible to solve a wide range of problems [3, 4]. In
this report, we propose a neural network data processing method that automates the process ofknowledge representation and helps to reduce development costs and time. Creating a training set,
which is a pair of images, requires real human time, concentration and attention. Therefore, to solve
the problem of developing and training a convolutional neural network, we used a softwaregenerated data set, which allowed us to significantly reduce the preparation time and increase its
size. The generation of the data set occurs programmatically. The size of the output images and theparameters of the generated defects, in this case, cracks on the surface of the road surface, are set.
The main texture of the generated images are real data. Using a special algorithm, based on thespecified parameters, cracks are generated and combined with the texture layer. The result is a data
set consisting of the constructed images and their corresponding binary masks, which reflect thedegree of presence of the defect and its features. We conducted a comparative analysis of theoperation of a neural network trained on a generated data set and a data set marked up by a person
manually. The proposed approach shows the possibility of its application in a small amount of realdata. The possibility of more successful augmentation of data, as compared to classical methods,
was also demonstrated. Software crack generation gives a more diverse result of artificially
increasing the data set, which helps to improve the quality of the neural network as a whole. Due toits flexibility and the ability to obtain large volumes of images in a short time, without humanintervention, the approach has proven itself in the development and debugging of new neuralnetwork architectures.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the RFBR in the framework of the project 19-08-00074.
287

References[1] Shi Yong, Cui Limeng, Qi Zhiquan, Meng Fan, Chen Zhensong // IEEE Transactions onIntelligent Transportation Systems. 17, 1-12, 2016.
[2] Kapela Rafal, Rydzewski Paweł, Michał Wyczałek, Błoch Adam, Śniatała Paweł, Pożarycki
Andrzej, Rybarczyk Adam, Turkot Adam. In: Proc. 22nd Int. Conf. "Mixed Design of Integrated
Circuits and Systems", June 25-27, 2015, Toruń, Poland, 579-584, 2015.
[3] C. Szegedy et al. In: 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR), Boston, MA, 1-9, 2015.
[4] Eisenbach M., Stricker R., Seichter D., Amende K., Debes K., Sesselmann M., Ebersbach D.,
Stöckert U., Gross H.-M. In: Int. Joint Conf. on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Anchorage, USA, 20392047, 2017.

Investigation of Stress Localization at the Interface of a Coating and a
Substrate Based on the Gradient Model of Thermoelasticity
A.O. Vatulyan1,2*, S.A. Nesterov1
1Southern Mathematical Institute - Branch of VSC RAS, Vladikavkaz, Russia
2Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*vatulyan@math.rsu.ru
To protect parts from high temperature effects, thin-layer heat-protective coatings made of bothhomogeneous and functionally graded materials are widely used. Large concentrations of stresses
can occur at the interface between dissimilar materials, which greatly affect the strength of the
product. However, the stress concentration cannot be determined by solving boundary value
problems of classical thermoelasticity. Recently, gradient models taking into account scale effects
have been used more and more often to solve problems of mechanics of layered bodies. The work
considers the equilibrium of the system "functionally graded coating – substrate", modeled in theform of an inhomogeneous strip. The lower boundary of the coating-substrate system is rigidly
pinched and maintained at zero temperature, and the heat flux is localized at the upper boundary
free of stresses in the final segment. The Lame parameters, thermal conductivity coefficient andthermal stress coefficient are piecewise continuous functions in thickness. Based on the Lagrange
variational principle, equations of gradient thermoelasticity, boundary and contact conditions forthe strip are obtained. The gradient model proposed by Aifantis, in comparison with the classicalmodel of thermoelasticity, has one additional scale parameter. The study begins by finding thetemperature distribution. The solution is based on a combination of the Fourier transform and theshooting method. After finding the temperature, the Fourier transform is applied to study the stressstrain state of the coating-substrate system. The problem is reduced to the canonical system ofordinary differential equations in transformants. To solve on the basis of the shooting method, anumber of auxiliary Cauchy problems are formed. For each problem, we have a system ofdifferential equations in the presence of a small coefficient at the first derivative. To solve the rigid
system of equations, the Gear method is used, implemented in the Maple computing environment.
The inverse of the Fourier transform is based on the theory of residues. Computational experiments288

were performed for specific materials. It was found that the stress distribution far from the interface
and the fixing point corresponds to the solutions of the classical model of thermoelasticity. However,there is a local stress concentration at the band boundary that cannot be predicted in the classicalmodel. The influence of the ratio of elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, as
well as the values of the scale parameter and the relative thickness of the coating on the level oftemperature stresses is studied.
Acknowledgement
The work is supported by the Russian science Foundation (project No. 18-11-00069).

On Boundary Integral Equations in the Problem of Wave Propagation in
Topographic Waveguides
A.O. Vatulyan*, L.I. Parinova**
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science,
Southern Federal University, 8a, Milchakov Street, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*aovatulyan@sfedu.ru; **lparinova@sfedu.ru
The study of the features of changes in the velocities of acoustic waves in wedge-shaped elastic
topographic waveguides is important for flaw detection. The results obtained in the process ofsolving problems of wave propagation in elastic media are used to develop and improve compact
devices for processing acoustic signals. Plate elastic waveguides are used as delay lines. Wedgeshaped structures drawn out false signals and serve as filters in various acoustic electronic devices.
Measurement of the speed of propagation of surface elastic waves allows detecting defects inwelding and adhesive structures, as well as monitoring the condition of the cutting tool edge.
Previously, studies of the features of the propagation of wedge waves in an isotropic medium werecarried out. It was proved that the wave field, which is localized near the edge of the wedge, had
not dispersion. It was shown that the problems of wave propagation along the edge of an infinite
isotropic wedge-shaped waveguide were reduced to eigenvalue problems and could be solved using
finite-element approaches. In the case of an anisotropic medium, the study of the features of the
propagation of wave fields was carried out by the authors in a number of works for topographic
waveguides of various cross-sections, for a wedge in the case of a small opening angle. This study
is based on the use of analogs of the plate models of Kirchhoff and Timoshenko and also the
Hamilton-Ostrogradsky variational principle, while finding the stationary value and constructing
the dispersion set, the Ritz method was applied [1 – 4]. In this report, a new approach is proposed
to study wave processes in a topographic waveguide with an arbitrary cross-section. On the base of
the Fourier transform and the analysis of the characteristic polynomial, new non-classical boundary
integral equations with smooth kernels are constructed in the framework of the approach [5]. A
simplification of the general system for antisymmetric vibrations of a wedge with an arbitrary
opening angle is carried out. The main methods of discretization, based on the use of boundaryelement approximations and the Galerkin method, are present, which allow us to approximately
construct dispersion relations and estimate the values of velocities depending on the parameters of
the problem.
289

Acknowledgement
This study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-31-90079.
References[1] A. O. Vatulyan, L. I. Parinova, In: Advanced Materials – Techniques, Physics, Mechanics andApplications, Springer Proceedings in Physics, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Muaffaq A.
Jani, Eds., Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht, London: Springer Cham, 193, 309 – 317 (2017).
[2] A. O. Vatulyan, L. I. Parinova, University News. North-Caucasus Region. Natural Sciences
Series, 3, 10, 2018.
[3] L. I. Parinova. In: Advanced Materials Proceedings of the International Conference on “Physics
and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2018, Springer Proceedingin Physics, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Yun-Hae Kim, 224, 487 – 494, 2019.
[4] A. O. Vatulyan, L. I. Parinova. In: Advanced Materials - Proceedings of the International
Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019,
Springer Proceedings in Materials, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Banh Tien Long (Eds.).
Springer Nature, Cham, Switzerland, 6, 383 – 389, 2020.
[5] A. O. Vatulyan // Doklady RAN, 333(3), 312-314, 1993.

Numerical Calculation of Stresses Arising in the Steering Axle of the Combine
D.V. Velibekov, A.A. Matrosov*
Don State Technical University, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia*amatrosov@donstu.ru
The mechanical basis of the agricultural combine is its chassis. In the running gear, two main parts
can be distinguished, namely the drive axle and the steering axle. In the work, using the numericalfinite element methods, the steering axle bridge for different loading modes was calculated. The
first loading mode corresponds to movement along a stubble with a horizontal non-uniform relief[1, 2]. The second loading mode corresponds to the movement along the field with a transverse
slope, comprising an angle 𝛼 with the horizon line. The angle 𝛼 is taken equal to 8º. The calculations
were carried out for the steering axle of the Don-1500 combine. The geometric model of the bridge
is built in the three-dimensional modeling system Compass-3D and exported to ANSYS. The stressstrain state of the steering axle was calculated in the ANSYS 19 R2 finite element analysis software
package. A linear statement of the problem of the theory of elasticity is adopted. The element Solid
65 is selected as the final element. The step of splitting the finite element mesh is 5 mm. In the
result of calculations, it was shown that when the loading regime changes, the nature of the stress
distribution does not change qualitatively. However, quantitatively, in the case of movement along
an inclined surface, the maximum voltage value increases. Namely, when moving along a stubble
with a horizontal uneven relief, the stresses reach a maximum value of 138 MPa. When moving
along a stub with a transverse slope, the stresses reach a maximum value of 158 MPa. Moreover, inthe first loading mode (the case of movement along the stubble with a horizontal uneven relief), thesafety factor for yield strength is 1.81. In the second loading mode (movement along the stubble
with a transverse slope), it is 1.52. The minimum allowable values of the safety factor for yield290

strength are values in the range of 1.3 – 1.5. Thus, the stresses arising in the steering wheel axle are
permissible in terms of the safety factor in both loading modes.
References[1] Dyachenko N.V., Matrosov A.A. In: Materials of the International Scientific and Practical
Conference (Interagromash-2009). Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Press, 97-99, 2009 (In Russian).
[2] Ziborov E.N., Matrosov A.A. In: Materials of the 3rd International Scientific and Practical
Conference (Interagromash-2010). Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Press, 199-200, 2010 (In Russian).

Application of Neural Networks to the Sensors Data Processing Problem
N.N. Ventsov*, L.A. Podkolzina**
Don State Technical University, 344000, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*myvnn@list.ru, **podkolzinalu@gmail.com
The identification and construction of adequate mathematical models of elements and the control
object of a complex system is an important basis for the high-qualitative functioning of a wholeprocess. In connection with the growth and complication of industrial processes, the problem ofmonitoring the state of the objects of complex systems is urgent. Although using sensors is
becoming increasingly ubiquitous, key challenges remain in improving the accuracy of theiroperation. The identification of failures and anomalies in telemetric information coming fromsensors is an integral part of the work on assessing the state of complex objects in many fields ofscientific and industrial activity. Telemetry (data streams about the position of the object, theparameters of the external environment and equipment) is of the greatest interest. It contains
important information about the condition of the facility and the environment. This data requires
automated data flow analysis tools. New methods of control are needed using modern computing
technologies, a method for detecting anomalies in telemetry data, as well as means of response in
the event of malfunctions and short-term equipment. Recently, as deep learning has proven effective
in many areas, many deep methods have been explored to solve problems in recognizing humanactivity. The report discusses the proposed architecture of deep learning to use the relationships
built into various types of input data. However, many of them do not take into account the modelingof multimodal inputs necessary for constructing a solution when operating a system of several
sensors. At the same time, the required accuracy has not yet been achieved by working with datafrom sensors. The aim of the scientific work is the general problem of detecting malfunctions of theequipment of a control system. The solution to the monitoring system of sensors is based on thedetermination of assumptions about the credibility of the testimony based on the available data on
the probabilities of sensor failure. General issues of monitoring and processing information flows,
including approximation and interpolation of experimental data, are considered. In this report, we
propose one of the possible approaches to solving the problem of identifying complex objects andcontrol systems. In the work, a fuzzy-probabilistic approach is used in combination with neuralnetwork technology for solving the control problem of the studied object. For modeling were used
TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch. A system for monitoring telemetry data from sensors has beendeveloped. The results of solving the problems of processing information flows using a cluster
291

computer are present. The estimation of the required level of performance of the hardware-software
complex is given.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by RFBR grant No. 19-01-00357.

A Case Study of Renewable Energy Development in Indonesia
Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri1, Erni Puspanantasari Putri2*
1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran (UPN

Veteran) East Java, Surabaya, Indonesia
2Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,

Indonesia*erniputri@untag-sby.ac.id
The energy crisis has now hit many countries, not only from onward countries but developing
countries are also experiencing the same thing. Long-standing levels of energy consumption suchas petroleum have a negative impact on the environment. The process of developing renewableenergy in various countries including Indonesia must be carried out immediately to meet therequirements of the society in the next few years. Renewable energy is an option to meet energy
requirements. As a tropical country, Indonesia has a favorable geographical location with a varietyof natural conditions that have the potential to produce renewable energy. The use of renewableenergy has also become one of the government programs listed in the national energy policy,
namely the government has targeted its utilization of up to 23% in 2025. Further, Indonesia is
expected to become an industrial country that has added value by reducing the use of fossil energy
in 2045. Hence, Indonesia is demanded to be able to develop and use renewable energy efficiently.
The trend in the use of energy in the future is to provide more opportunities for local governments
to manage the use and supply of energy sources. This study discusses five case studies of thedevelopment of new renewable energy in Indonesia which, include the development of (i) Solar
Power Plant on Karampuang Island, West Sulawesi; (ii) Wind Power Plant in Sidenreng Rappang(Sidrap), South Sulawesi; (iii) Hydroelectric Power Plant in Cihea Village, Cianjur; (iv) Sea Wave
Power Plant in the Larantuka Strait, East Nusa Tenggara and (v) Waste Power Plants in Several
Major Cities.

292

Stabilographic Complex Based on Virtual Games Using AR Technology for
Training and Rehabilitation of Athletes
V.Yu. Vishnevetskiy1*, A.V. Golda1, A.A. Sliva2
1Southern Federal University, Taganrog, 347922, Russia
2 OKB RITM, Taganrog, 347900, Russia*vuvishnevetsky@mail.ru
Training of high-level athletes, and even more so, world-class ones, at the present stage of spors
development is not possible without attracting funds to objectify the knowledge of the coach about
the functional state of the athlete and his special technical level. The problem of obtaining andinterpreting this information is very relevant both for solving the problems of selecting the mostpromising mid-level and novice athletes, and for completing teams that are optimal in terms ofcompatibility and coherence. Multi-channel complex consists of stabilizing platform and isspecialized for rehabilitation of motor disorders and improvement of movement coordination inathletes of the highest category on the base of analysis of center of mass position and movement.
The developed methods of training, rehabilitation and diagnostics of athletes of various
specializations are required to guarantee: (i) comfort of human examination, which is carried out
on a special power-coordinate platform and does not require special training and mounting of
sensors on the subject; (ii) short examination time (1-1.5 min); (iii) informative nature of the survey;(iv) high sensitivity, which will allow one to assess the reaction to physical and mental effects, totake medications, etc.; (v) multifunctionality (diagnostics of a wide range of diseases and prediseases, control and objectification of human movements, rehabilitation of postural function
disorders). In conditions of limited use of medicinal means, the presented method will allow one tobring the results of athletes to the world level, using only instrumental methods. The complex uses
virtual gaming technologies with a high proportion of the game element. Using AR technologies, itwill allow one to implement a more authentic image for real conditions.
Acknowledgement
This research was supported by Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises (FASIE).

Evaluation of Information Characteristics of Underwater Communication
Channel of Divers Using Parametric Arrays
293

V.Yu. Vishnevetskiy1*, D.A. Kolesnik1, I.B. Starchenko2
1Southern Federal University, Taganrog, 347922, Russia
2Parametrika LCC, Taganrog, 347902, Russia*vuvishnevetsky@mail.ru
The estimation of the amount of information received in the result of measurements and intended
for transmission over a communication channel is crucial in the development and operation ofsystems. The quality of the received information also plays an important role, but the criteria andmethods for evaluating the quality of information are not yet fully developed. When calculating theinformation characteristics of hydroacoustical telemetry systems, the most important parameters
are the intensities of acoustic signal and noise at the receiving point and in the receiving path band.
The ratio between the bandwidth of the channel and the performance (intensity) of the source
determines the ability to achieve the required accuracy when transmitting data over thecommunication channel. Based on these values, taking into account the conditions of soundpropagation, the required values of the parameters of the emitted signal are calculated. Using
information theory and Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, an expression for calculation of the
bandwidth of hydroacoustic communication channel using parametric arrays was obtained. It isshown that the channel capacity depends on the bandwidth of transmitted frequencies, signal power,interference power, and characteristics of the water environment. This allows us to draw aconclusion about the limited capacity of the hydroacoustic communication channel. The restriction
is caused primarily by strong sound absorption, which narrows the range of operating frequenciesof hydroacoustical telemetry system to a value of about 100 kHz, as well as the constant presenceof noise interference in the channel, which has a significant level in the frequency band of the speech
signal.
Acknowledgement
This research was supported by Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises (FASIE).

Correlation Method for Estimating Dynamic Loading of Drives of Active
Working Tools
I.N. Vislousova*, V.V. Kotov, O.N. Lesnyak, A.A. Matrosov, A.N. Soloviev
Don State Technical University, 1, Gagarin Sq., Rostov-on-Don, 344010, Russia*vislousova-irina@mail.ru
The work studies the dynamics of multi-mass systems with non-linear characteristics. The obtained
results are applied to evaluation of dynamic loading of drives of active working tools of agricultural
machines, in particular, harvesting machines [1, 2]. For this purpose, the correlation method of
research is used. The method is based on the direct transformation of correlation functions of
nonlinear members of small oscillation equations. Most probabilistic methods require reducing the294nonlinear characteristics of the system to analytical (smooth, differentiable) functions. The
correlation method can be applied directly to essentially nonlinear systems, including systems withnonanalytic nonlinear functions. The method is based on the direct transformation of correlation
functions of nonlinear members of small oscillation equations. This study considers oscillations ofa single-mass dynamic system with a nonlinear elastic characteristic, which is an arbitrary (nonanalytical) function of the generalized coordinate. Resistance forces are reduced to the case of linear
friction. As a driving force, a random normal stationary process with known mathematical
expectation, dispersion, and spectral density is applied to the input of the system. A restoring force
is a nonlinear elastic characteristic of a system. If it is given by an odd function, then at centeredinput the output process can also be considered centered. To construct an approximate stationary
solution, an unknown random function is represented as a series by degrees of normal process withunknown dispersion. The corresponding two-dimensional distribution also accepts normal. The
considered method allows one to investigate dynamic processes in drive mechanisms of working
elements with oscillatory motion, having essentially nonlinear characteristics (gaps, side plays,
overrunning couplings, nonlinear position functions), but also in other systems subject to random
input influences [3].
References[1] Vislousova I.N., Kotov V.V., Mikhalev A.I. In: Collection of Scientific Papers of the Scientificand Methodological Conference (ITNO-2014). Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Press, 469, 2014 (InRussian).
[2] Vislousova I.N., Lesnyak O.N. In: Materials of the 10th International Scientific and Practical
Conference (Interagromash-2017). Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Press, 61-65, 2017 (In Russian).
[3] Kislyakov E.A., Matrosov A.A. In: Abstracts & Schedule of the 2018 International Conference
on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (9-11 August, 2018, Busan,
South Korea), Korea Maritime and Ocean University Press: Busan, 196, 2018.

Generation and Diagnostics of Glow Discharges for Biomedical, Agriculturaland Gas Conversion Applications
Vladislav Gamaleev*, Masaru Hori
Centre for Low Temperature Plasma Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan*vlad@plasma.engg.nagoya-u.ac.jp
Rapid development of atmospheric-pressure plasma sources over the last two decades has led to theuse of plasma in a large number of applications where samples are not compatible with low-pressure
conditions. Moreover, the development of nonequilibrium plasmas allowed the plasma treatment of
biological targets and opened door for the use of plasma technologies in medicine, agriculture, andeven farming [1]. On the other hand, growing demands in nitric compounds, which are a crucialpart of most fertilizers, led to the requirement for large-scale production of ammonia and nitricoxide, which are commonly used as a precursor for the synthesis of more complex molecules. There
are few works reporting on nitrogen fixation using atmospheric-pressure plasma sources with295

considerably high efficiency that, together with use of renewable-energy sources (solar- and windpower plants), can make plasma a “green” technology for nitrogen fixation [2]. According to recent
reports, one of the most efficient plasma sources for nitrogen fixation is “gliding glow” reactor [2].
Moreover, there are few works concerning application of glow discharges in medicine andagriculture [1]. In general, glow discharges are one of most studied types of plasma; however, mostdetailed studies were done in low-pressure conditions. Two main features are required for the
possible application of glow discharge in gas conversion, medicine and agriculture: operation at
atmospheric pressure and easy scaling. There are many works concerning the generation anddiagnostics of glow discharges in various gases at atmospheric pressure using subcentimeter gaps
between electrodes, but works are limited on the generation and diagnostics of glow discharges incentimeter-order gaps filled with atmospheric-pressure molecular gases, including air. In this work,
we propose method of generation of stable centimeter-scale re-pulsing glow discharge in ambient
air, which will improve efficiency of electric power use during plasma treatment. Re-pulsing glow
discharges were characterized by current and voltage measurements, and optical emission
spectrometry. It was found that, at a certain range of parameters, the discharge could be stabilizedeven in the presence of external gas flow and parameters of the plasma could be precisely controlledusing regulation of power supply and gas flow. The generation of stable and controllable centimeterscale glow discharge looks promising for use in energy-efficient gas conversion and agriculture. In
the presentation, plasma generation process, electrical parameters of the plasma and results of
optical diagnostics together with examples of application in gas conversion and agriculture will bedemonstrated.
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 19H05462.
References[1] V. Gamaleev, N. Iwata, G. Ito, M. Hori, M. Hiramatsu, M. Ito // Appl. Sci. 10, 801, 2020.
[2] V. Gamaleev, N. Iwata, M. Hiramatsu, M. Ito // Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 59, SHHF04, 2020.

Thermally Expanded Graphite: Sorption Properties and Carbon
Nanoparticles Obtaining
296

A.A. Voitash1,2, E.V. Raksha1*, A.A. Davydova1, Yu.V. Berestneva2**, A.V. Muratov1,
A.B. Eresko1, V.A. Glazunova3, M.V. Savoskin1, I.A. Verbenko4, Yu.I. Yurasov4,5
1L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Donetsk, 283114, Ukraine
2Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of

the Russian Academy of Sciences, 97, Universitetskij prospekt, Volgograd, 400062, Russia
3Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after A.A. Galkin, Donetsk, Ukraine
4Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
5Southern Scientific Centre RAS, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*elenaraksha411@gmail.com; **berestnevayuv@mail.ru

A, g/g TEG

Ternary graphite nitrate co-intercalation compounds with ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, acetic acid,formic acid, and 1,4-dioxane were prepared and used as a source of thermally expanded graphite(TEG). Obtained cointercalates demonstrated a good thermal expansion ability: the thermal
expansion coefficient determined for considered compounds was within 340 – 380 cm3·g-1. The
sorption properties of TEG relative to aromatic hydrocarbons (Fig. 1) as well as a number of newderivatives of condensed 1,2-diazepines were studied.

1 μm

C(C6H6), mol∙l-1

Fig. 1. Adsorption isotherm of benzene from
aqueous solution with TEG, obtained fromgraphite nitrate co-intercalated with ethyl formate
and acetic acid

Fig. 2. Representative TEM image of carbon
nanoparticles, obtained by TEG sonication inethanol

The sorption capacity investigations were carried out by UV spectroscopy at 20 ºС. Carbon
nanoparticles (few-layer graphenes and nanoscrolls) were obtained by sonication of thermallyexpanded graphite in liquid media. The sedimentation stability of the as-prepared few-layer
graphene suspensions was shown to increase in a series of alcohols: methanol < ethanol <isopropanol < phenylmethanol < tert-butanol. Planar sizes of the as-prepared few-layer graphenes
reached several tens of μm and the thickness was within 1 – 10 atomic layers according to TEM
data (Fig. 2).
Acknowledgement
The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project No. 19-33-50154.

Cracker Control System Upgrade
D.A. Volkov1, D. D. Fugarov1*, O. A. Purchina1, D.A. Onyshko2
297

1

Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

2South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI) named after M.I.Platov,

Novocherkassk, Russia*ddf_1@mail.ru
In modern geopolitical conditions, Russia especially needs new modern large-scale production ofdeep hydrocarbon processing in order to increase domestic value added and prevent raw material
dependence [1]. However, to normalize the situation, systematic work is needed both as from theGovernment of the Russian Federation to develop new clusters, as from large and medium-sizedbusinesses to create a large number of new large and medium-sized high-tech industries in oil andgas chemistry [2]. Modernization of the existing control system of the thermal cracking unit consists
in replacement of obsolete equipment with new, more accurate, advanced and reliable ones, andapplication of new control algorithms ensuring efficient and safe operation of the equipment [3].
The modernization of the management system is the cheapest, that is not requiring significant
capital investments, and a fast-paying action to improve production efficiency, its safety, energy
efficiency and, therefore, reduce the cost of production [4, 5].
References[1] Fugarov D.D., Gerasimenko Y.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Gerasimenko A.N., Onyshko D.A.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 012055, 2018.
[2] Poluyan A.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Nesterchuk V.V., Smirnova O.V., Petrenkova S.B.
// Journal of Physics: Conference Series "International Conference Information Technologies in
Business and Industry 2018 - Microprocessor Systems and Telecommunications". 022013, 2018.
[3] Fugarov D.D. In: 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019, Hanoi, Vietnam, November 7 – 10, 2019, Hanoi
University of Science and Technology: Hanoi. 119-120, 2019.
[4] Y.O. Chernyshev, O.A. Purchina, A.Y. Poluyan, D.D. Fugarov, A.V. Basova, O.V. Smirnova //Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology. 80(1), 13-20, 2015.
[5] Solomentsev K.Y., Fugarov D.D., Purchina O.A., Poluyan A.Y., Nesterchuk V.V., Petrenkova
S.B. // Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1015, 032179, 2018.

Researching the Phenomenon of Nonlinear Diffraction in Structure of
Microwave Integrated Circuits
P. Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu. P. Voloshchenko*
298

Engineering Technological Academy, Southern Federal University, 2, Shevchenko Str., Taganrog,
347900, Russia*yvoloshchenko@yandex.ru
Currently, the differentiation of electromagnetic field sources on primary and secondary is used for
obtaining the graphical and analytical operators for mathematical modeling the analog and digital
integrated circuits in the gigahertz and terahertz ranges using engineering methods, such as methodsof equivalent circuits and non-autonomous block [1, 2]. The obligatory application of the recursion
and the energy conservation principles, assumptions and presupposition defined by the design ofelectronic devices and supply wires are the specific features of this phenomenological formalizationof nonlinear and wave electric processes. These graphical and analytical dependencies determine
the input of constant or variable electromotive forces without specifying micro- and nanoscaleinterelectrode space, electrical conductivity and dielectric constant, used substances and materials,
manufacturing technology of parts and components of microwave integrated circuits. These data
are necessary to analyze correctly the electromagnetic waves diffraction and to verify the results ofthe energy efficiency estimation for non-autonomous blocks of “open” electronic device systems.
At the same time, the information about the origins of self-excitation and oscillation regeneration,
signal composition along galvanic and wireless connections in them is not distorted. Therefore, it
is important to identify the integration of discrete electronic devices that are influencing each otherin a common inhomogeneous electromagnetic field and designed as a combination of one primarysource and many secondary sources of voltage and current waves using the method of invariant
modeling the nonlinear composition of electrical signals in microwave integrated circuits. The
purpose of the report is to present the results obtained in the analytical calculation of the diffractionof electromagnetic waves emitted by electronic devices and in the verification measurement of theexternal characteristic of a signal secondary source, which corresponds to the amplitude-frequency
characteristic of a resistive-negatron nonlinear element. The summation of controlled sources in the
microwave range, considered as a voltage and current sources, simultaneously takes into accountthe interference phenomenon in the waveguide channel between dependent secondary and primary
power sources and the signal composition along the “long” supply conductors, which establish
uncontrolled feedback connections in the microwave integrated circuit. The research presents a
synthesis of topology of lumped and wave equivalent circuits modeling a single pair of electronic
devices and the reverse symbolic analysis, which is intended to study the amplification andabsorption modes of oscillation energy in the circuit. The synthesized topology allows one tocontrol the intensity of the electromagnetic field inside and outside the micro-systems of thegigahertz and terahertz ranges. Mathematical models of integrated circuit elements wereexperimentally verified in the antenna chamber. The verification results fully confirmed thecorrectness of the used graphic and analytical dependencies of the integrated circuit engineeringmodel and the reliability of the symbolic analysis of nonlinear diffraction in the free spacesurrounding the circuit.
References[1] P. Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu. P. Voloshchenko. In: International Conference on “Physics andMechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2019). Hanoi, Publishing House
for Science and Technology, 334–335, 2019.
299

[2] P. Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu. P. Voloshchenko. Modeling the Electric Charge Transfer inElectrovacuum Devices with Electrostatic Control. Taganrog, Southern Federal University Press,2019. https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41480834 (in Russian).

Topology Synthesis of Integrated Circuits of the Giga and Terahertz Range by
the Method of Non-autonomous Blocks
P. Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu. P. Voloshchenko*
Engineering Technological Academy, Southern Federal University, 2, Shevchenko Str., Taganrog,
347900, Russia*yvoloshchenko@yandex.ru
The modern theoretical description of analog and digital integrated circuits made of different
materials and operating in stationary and switching modes, is based on the superposition principle
and electrical circuits in the form of autonomous blocks. Autonomous blocks include linear passive
and active elements. At the same time, it is known that only using the amplitude-dependent models
allow one to describe correctly the multifactor mechanism for converting the energy of free charges
in micro and nanoscale transit-time regions of semiconductor and vacuum electronic devices [1, 2].
Therefore, it is relevant to study various types of nonlinear elements with one, two, three, and larger
number of ports that together form a nonreciprocal multiterminal network, which is used in the nonautonomous block method for the synthesis of the microwave integrated circuits topology. The
report presents the results of a theoretical and experimental study of a consistent non-autonomous
four-terminal with distributed parameters, loaded with a resistive-negatron nonlinear element. Itsgraphical and analytical dependencies are used to verify the modeling methods of microwave
electronic micro- and nanosystems operating in common electromagnetic field. The fact is that theinitial and boundary conditions in electronic devices, coupled with power conductors in a single
unit, depend on the signal intensity and the duration of signals transmission according to Kirchhoff
laws and the Tellegen's theorem. Therefore, the following two items are the features of a nonautonomous block modeling. First, presenting the block as a lumped and wave equivalent circuit
simultaneously, that is valid in the electronic wave circuit theory. Equivalent circuits mutually
determine the multimode properties of a non-autonomous block, calculated as the algebraic
summation of coherent influences and reactions under the diffraction of the electromagnetic fieldof an electronic device. Second, an analytical solution of energy state equations is obtained, whichforms the target optimization functions for microwave integrated circuits under an energy saving
considerations. The study of the electronic wave circuit based on the model of a balanced four-port
network eliminate the influence of a nonlinear signal composition, interference phenomena in theconnections of microwave integrated circuits, while researching the influence of the regenerationof electronic device oscillatory power on the coherent control of boundary conditions in devices. In
the practice of verification modeling of microwave integrated circuits containing a negatronIMPATT diode, the balanced mode is usually provided by a ferrite circulator placed at the terminals
of a non-autonomous block. The correctness of modeling techniques for electronic micro- andnanosystems in the microwave range was verified by comparison with the results of an experimental
300

study. An analysis of the characteristics obtained analytically and experimentally showed theadequacy and consistency of modeling techniques with electrical and physical processes inelectronic microwave circuits with active nonlinear elements.
References[1] P. Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu. P. Voloshchenko. In: International Conference on “Physics andMechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2019). Hanoi, Publishing House
for Science and Technology, 335–336, 2019.
[2] P. Yu. Voloshchenko, Yu. P. Voloshchenko. In: International Conference on “Physics andMechanics of New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2018). Busan, Korea Maritime
and Ocean University, 376-377, 2018. https://elibrary.ru/ item.asp?id=36342999

Monitoring and Evaluation System of Contractor’s Performance Achievementin Road Preservation in Long Segment Contract in East Java
Wateno Oetomoa*, Bambang Andriantoa, Herry Widhiartob, Dwi Yuli Rakhmawatic
aMaster of Civil Engineering, University of

17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia
17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia
cDepartment of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia
bDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of*profwateno.wiro@gmail.com
Along 2361 km of national road in East Java Province, spread across several locations especiallynorth coast causeway, there are minor and severe damage suffered. The reconstruction was
performed by long segment road preservation activities in 100 – 200 km-package, but there werepremature damages before the designed period. Monitoring and performance evaluation ofcontractors are necessary to be done. The objective of this research was to obtain a monitoring andevaluation system of contractors comprehensively and quantitatively by mapping the level ofcontractor's problem in performing routine maintenance of the road by long segment and to obtainthe score of every factor as well as to get contractors performance value. The primary data collection
was done to get data on the level of the contractors' performance problem and road preservation
performance, while secondary data were the response time of damage reparation. The analysis was
performed using SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) and descriptive analysis of the results ofmonitoring and evaluation of the contractor's performance. To know the score of every factor,
analysis by SEM from the result of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was done using AMOS
ver.21. CFA analysis showed that the indicators that have effects were seven out of 10 for workers,
seven out of 10 for consultants expert, six out of 11 for PPK performance, seven out of 11 formaterial use, six out of 10 for heavy equipment, six out of nine for quality test equipment, four outof nine for work method, five out of six for financial condition, six out of 11 for environmental
condition, and seven out of 10 for limitation of performance indicator achievement. SEM analysis
resulted in influence score of 31% for workers, 14% for consultants experts, 10% for PPK
performance, 7% for material use, 0 for heavy equipment and quality test equipment, 5% for work
method, 8% for financial condition, 15% for environmental condition, and 10% for limitation of
performance indicator achievement. The value of contractor's performance achievement obtained301

from the sum of the product of mean and the result of SEM analysis for each variable is 59, whichmeans fall into the category of “poor” (below 60). Performance improvement from monitoring
consultants experts, heavy equipment, quality test equipment, environmental condition, andperformance indicator fulfillment is required to increase the value of a contractor's performance.

Preparation of TiO2-WS2-Au Composite Using Hydrothermal Synthesis for
Photocatalytic Activity under Visible Light
Wu Kejun1*, Pankaj Koinkar1, Akihiro Furube1**
1Department of Optical Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima-cho,
Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan*c501738003@tokushima-u.ac.jp; **furube.akihiro@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Titanium oxide is well-known as a photocatalytic material due to its excellent photoactivity, highstability, low cost and eco-friendly nature. The numerous research reports on photocatalytic
activities of TiO2 suggests that the large gap energy (3.2 eV) limits its absorption of solar radiationin the UV range as well as the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-holes pairs. In thisrelation, various approaches were attempted to provide visible-light response and electron-hole
recombination rate. The doping or decoration of metal nanoparticle is an effective way to increase
the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. Nanomaterials in the form of nanoparticles or nanosheets show
significantly different characteristics than bulk materials. Currently, new nano-functional materials
which are atomically thin inorganic layered materials called as two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials
have attracted great attention because of its exceptional electrical and optical properties. Tungsten
disulfide (WS2) is 2D nanomaterial, which has superior properties such as high conductivity,
excellent catalytic activity, and high thermochemical stability. The ultrathin WS2 displays unusualelectrical, optical and chemical properties, and can be used in promising applications such as
photocatalysts, photodetectors and field emission devices. In the present study, WS2 nanosheet andgold nanoparticle were used the extend the visible light absorption region of TiO2. Moreover, aternary composite, consisting of three materials with different energy levels was prepared, in which
the electrons excited will form a cycle to reduce the recombination of electrons-holes pairsenhancing the property of photocatalyst and the photocatalytic activity of TiO2. First, WS2
nanosheet was prepared using ultra-sonication method. Then, WS2 nanosheets were exfoliated bysonication to transform nanosheet layers into a few layers of hundred nanometers in size.
Furthermore, TiO2 and WS2 nanosheets and gold nanoparticles were combined via hydrothermal
synthesis at high temperature and long time, which could construct them together to complete theelectron cycle as well as to achieve less electron recombination and wider visible light absorption
region. The morphology, crystal structures and optical properties of TiO2-WS2-Au composite werecharacterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering spectra, and UV-vis absorption
spectra.

302

Improve the Efficiency of the Patients’ Specific Quality Assurance Procedurein Fields’ Optimization Techniques of the Pencil Beam Linear Scanning Proton
Therapy
Yang-Wei Hsieh1,2, Chao-Hong Liu1, I-Hsing Tsai1, Zih-Xiang Su1, Yu-Hao Chiu1,
Pei-Ju Chao1,2, Hung-Yu Wang1,3, Yu-Jie Huang2, Tsair-Fwu Lee1,3*1Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung

University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan, ROC
2Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang

Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 83342, Taiwan, ROC
3PhD program in Biomedical Engineering, Kaohsiung Medical University,

Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, ROC*tflee@nkust.edu.tw; tflee@kuas.edu.tw
The aim of this study was to improve the efficiency of the single-field optimization (SFO) andmulti-field optimization (MFO) of the patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) process for the
pencil beam linear scanning (PBLS) proton therapy. The study collected 389 proton PSQA fieldparameters. The process of the PSQA program included field monitoring unit calibration, absolutedose and depth dose measurement, and two-dimensional dose gamma index analysis. MATLAB
was used to adopt the concept of supervised learning to build database models. From this, weestablished a PSQA database and proposed important parameters of the evaluation procedure,
defined the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) depth of both SFO and MFO technologies, evaluatedthe Gamma index passing rate of the five defined depths, and quantify protons. For analyzing thedose difference at the beam position, we introduced particle swarm optimization (PSO) to executethe operating point searching, calculated the coordinates of dose specification point (DSP), andprovided PSQA program optimization suggestions. In the definition of the longitudinal depth of
SOBP, SFO technology defined surface (entrance dose) from the shallow surface of the beam from0 to 4 cm, the interval from the shallow surface to the target area was defined as Proximal, and theinterval of SOBP dose greater than 90% was defined as Proximal-SOBP, Middle-SOBP and DistalSOBP. The distance between the 80% position of the beam end and the 20% position of the end
was defined as the distal falloff area. According to the important parameters of the proton therapy
quality assurance program proposed by the database, the results of SFO technology for the field
monitoring unit calibration, absolute dose measurement, depth dose measurement, and twodimensional dose gamma index analysis, were 1.15% ± 0.88, ‒0.77% ± 1.30, 0.25% ± 1.05, 99.41%± 0.67, respectively; the MFO technical results were 1.29% ± 1.09, ‒1.23% ± 1.13, 0.67% ± 0.94,
99.26% ± 0.62, respectively. All parameters are within the standard error ± 5% and the Gamma
index passing rate ≥ 85%, respectively. The MFO technical dose curve was not as obvious as the
SFO's dose gradient in terms of quantifying the definition of each depth. The Gamma index passrate at the end of the beam was 42.86% and 70.8% for the SFO and MFO technologies, respectively.
Input dose matrix from PTW Verisoft to MATLAB to execute OPS script and combine the above
program optimization suggestions will save 23.5% of the operation time. The implementation of
OPS in the PSQA program can improve the efficiency of pre-operations in searching and measuring
303

the working point. For two-dimensional dose measurement result analysis, it is recommended tomerge the Surface and Proximal areas of the SFO technology and Group 1 and Group 2 in the MFOtechnology into a single unit for measurement. Removal of the measurement of SFO and MFO in
the distal falloff area, combined with the above steps, can maximize the efficiency of the PSQA
program.

A Study on the Micro/Nano Texture Design to Improve the Friction Properties
of DLC Thin Films
Young Woo Kwon1, Mun Ki Bae1, Ri-ichi Murakami2,
Tae Gyu Kim3*
1Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
2Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
3Department of Nanomechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea*tgkim@pusan.ac.kr
In this study, in order to improve the friction characteristics of DLC thin films, a micro/nanotextured dimple surface was fabricated to present a new synergy lubrication system. The texturing
technology of the substrate surface is an effective way to improve the friction properties of thesliding surface. A micro/nano size dimple surface texturing technique was applied using aphotolithography process, which is an important part of the semiconductor process. DLC thin films
were deposited on a cemented carbide (WC) substrate by plasma chemical vapor deposition(PECVD), and micro/nano-sized dimple patterns having different pattern densities were fabricated,
respectively. Dimple texturing was performed in 4 steps, Step 1: DLC thin film deposition processby PECVD method on cemented carbide substrate, Step 2: Micro/nano size pattern formation
through photolithography process, Step 3: Re-deposition process of DLC thin films on the formed
pattern, Step 4: Lift off process was performed in the order of micro/nano size dimple formation.
Tribology test was performed to observe the lubricating mechanism of the fabricated micro/nano
texturing functional surface, friction coefficient and wear volume were obtained, and the texturing
effect was verified. Moreover, the dimple texturing surface was studied by AFM, XPS, Raman, andNano-indentation analysis to investigate surface morphology, surface structure, chemicalcomposition, and mechanical properties. As a result, it was found that the micro/nano patterned
DLC thin film on the cemented carbide substrate was able to maximize the friction performance
only by the physical surface modification of the micro/nano texture without special treatment ofchemical surface modification, and it was possible to implement a functional surface.

Using Supervised Learning algorithms to Predict the Risk of Thyroid Damagefor Head and Neck Cancer Patients after Radiation Therapy
304

Yu-Hao Chiu 1, Jung-Ting Hsieh 1, Jia-Yu Chen 1, Chao-Hong Liu1, I-Hsing Tsai1,
Pei-Ju Chao1, Hung-Yu Wang1,3, Shyh-An Yeh1,2*, Tsair-Fwu Lee1,3**
1Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung

University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, 80778, Taiwan, ROC
2Department of Radiation Oncology, E-Da hospital, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan, ROC
3PhD program in Biomedical Engineering, Kaohsiung Medical University,

Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, ROC*sayeh@outlook.com; **tflee@nkust.edu.tw
The aim of this report was using supervised machine learning algorithms to predict the thyroid
damage and predictive factors of head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. This study
collected retrospective data of 160 head and neck cancer patients, excluding 20 patients who had
hypothyroidism or other thyroid diseases before receiving radiation therapy, and 3 patients withoutlier doses. Through 137 patients, the head and neck cancer patient data are predicted andevaluated using supervised learning algorithms. Candidate factors include gender, age, thyroid
volume, total dose, average dose, maximum dose, number of treatments, relative volume of organs
under X dose (X = 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 Gy). Cancer patient data were predicted and evaluated byusing supervised learning algorithms. Three classification algorithms were selected to improve theclassification results by enhancing the overall learning method: decision tree, random forest, andsupport vector machine (SVM). In order to analyze the relationship between the independent input
variables and the relevant characteristics of the dependent variables, Binary Logistic Regression,Pearson product Difference correlation coefficient, and Least absolute shrinkage and selection
operator (LASSO) were used to enhance model prediction accuracy and interpretability to better
optimize the models. Relevant accuracy (ACC), receiver characteristic curve (ROC), and the area
under the receiver characteristic curve (AUC) were used as adjusting model parameters and factor
weights as the reference basis for the described statistical tests and models. It is shown theimportance of ranking predictors through 3 supervised learning algorithms. The five predictors
before the ranking are age, thyroid volume, average dose, V50 and V60 dose factors, of which age
and volume factor are negatively correlated. It means that the greater the age and volume, the lower
the risk of thyroid damage; the average dose, V50 and V60 are positively correlated, indicating thatthe larger the average dose, V50 and V60, the higher the risk of thyroid damage. The optimization
results of the parameters for predicting the probability of thyroid damage by the three algorithms
are as follows. The decision tree algorithm is improved from AUC: 0.653, ACC: 70.6% to AUC:
0.635, ACC: 73.5%; random forest algorithm AUC: 0.793, ACC: 79.4% improved to AUC: 0.827,
ACC: 82.4%; SVM algorithm AUC: 0.649, ACC: 79.4% improved to AUC: 0.692, ACC: 79.4%.
Among them, the probability of predicting thyroid complications with random forest is relatively
accurate. So, through the supervised machine learning algorithm, the probability of predicting
thyroid complications after radiotherapy for head and neck cancer patients can be improved. The
study found 5 predictors (age, volume, average dose, V50 and V60) are important factors affecting
hypothyroidism. The algorithm of this study can be used as a reference for predicting radiotherapy
complications and auxiliary medical decisions in the future.

305

Experimental Verification for Interfacial Creep Generation for Shrink-fitted
Bimetallic Work Roll by Using Miniature Rolling Mill
Yudai Taruya*, Rahimah Abdul Rafar, Nao-Aki Noda, Xuchen Zheng,
Hiroyuki Tsurumaru, Yoshikazu Sano
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan*q104070y@mail.kyutech.jp
The bimetallic work rolls are widely used in the roughing stands of hot rolling stand mills. The rolls
are classified into two types; one is a single-solid type, and the other is a shrink-fitted construction
type consisting of a sleeve and a shaft. Regarding a shrink-fitted construction type, the interfacial
creep sometimes appears between the shaft and the shrink-fitted sleeve. The numerical simulation
for interfacial creep phenomenon was studied recently. This interfacial creep can be regarded as therelative displacement between the sleeve and the shaft, which often causes the roll damage. This
paper confirms the interfacial creep generation in experiment. Rolling process experiments werecarried out for hollow shrink-fitted discs. Then, the interfacial creep between shrink-fitted roll was
confirmed in the experiment. Fig. 1 shows the experimental specimens used in this study.

End

𝜃

End

=76°

𝜃

=77°°

Start
Start
Scribe line(b) roll B when δ/d=0(a) roll A when δ/d=0.2× 10

Fig. 1. Angle slipped in the experiment)( )∼ (( )~ ()

Table 1 summarizes the slip velocity 𝑑𝑢 , .
𝑑𝜑 and 𝑢 , .
for the experimental dataand numerical simulation. The correspondence was confirmed between the experimental data andthe simulation results.
Table 1. Comparison of experimental data and simulation results for( )∼ (
𝑑𝑢 , .

𝑑𝜑

Shrink-fitting ratio,
δ/d

)

|

306

Experiment Data

Simulation Results

Velocity
Average displacement( )~ (.

𝑢 ,)0.889×10-5 mm/deg.
0.296×10-5 mm/deg.
0.32×10-2 mm
0.17×10-2 mm

00.2×10-3
0
0.2×10-3

6.65×10-5 mm/deg.
2.50×10-5 mm/deg.
2.7×10-2 mm
0.886×10-2 mm

Oscillations of Non-axisymmetric Shells: Parameterization and Equations
A.S. Yudin
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences,
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
ayudin@sfedu.ru
Shells closed in the circumferential direction, but without axial symmetry, can be used for modelinga number of technical structures. These include aircraft structures (aircraft fuselages, helicopters),
tankers, and ship hulls. Parameterization of such shells can be performed in the class of framedshells with linear surfaces of component sections (module-elements). The module-element is built
on two guiding plane contours K0 and K1, defined in local coordinate systems with centers O andO1. Contour equations are converted to a polar coordinate system and are set by analytical curves
closed in the circumference (ellipse, special contour, etc.) or piecewise analytic functions. The
centers O and O1 are connected by a segment that acts as the local axis of the module-element.
Contours can have different angles of inclination to this axis. The plane passing through the OO1axis intersects the guide contours at points M0 and M1. When this plane rotates, the segment M0M1
forms a linear surface stretched over the contours K0 and K1. The shell of a complex structure (CS)is assembled from a chain of module-elements. The axial (main) line of CS can be a multi-link flat
polyline with the centers of the frame contours located on it. Guide polygons are required at points
where the main line breaks. The CS-surface is constructed in the global Cartesian coordinate system
under the assumption that the diametric planes of all the contours are in the same plane. The ability
to control the angle of inclination of the guide contour planes allows one to combine them with theconfiguration of the ends, the junction lines of sections and the external borders of the frames. This
simplifies the formulation of boundary conditions and section interface conditions. Equations andmetric tensors of the main surfaces of typical module-elements are constructed. The derivation of
the main equations is based on the application of the Hamilton – Ostrogradsky principle. Variantsof Timoshenko-type and Kirchhoff-type shells are considered. In accordance with the accepted
calculation scheme, quasi-one-dimensional systems of ordinary differential equations in matrix
form for dimensionless variables are constructed. The construction of the system is associated witha large massif of calculations performed in the integrated package of symbolic transformation
technologies. The integrated package also implements a numerical algorithm. To improve theefficiency of the algorithm, when preparing the equations of the boundary value problem, thereference matrices of the coefficients of the resolving system are pre-calculated on a sparse set ofaxis points along a longitudinal coordinate. Further, the algorithm for solving the boundary value
problem, which is reduced to a series of Cauchy problems, uses approximations of the coefficients307

of the system through the elements of the reference matrices. The calculation scheme is based on
the representation of solutions by trigonometric Fourier series on a circumferential coordinate, theconstruction of a canonical ODE resolving system connected by circumferential modes forcoefficients of series that depend on the longitudinal coordinate, and the solution of boundary value
problems for this system using stable numerical methods. The Kantorovich type method is used toremove the circumferential coordinate. In the power scheme, the characteristics of the frames arepresent in the conditions of interfacing sections. Longitudinal force elements and local mass
inhomogeneities are taken into account by the “smearing” method in the attached areas bounded bypairs of coordinate lines. Regular grids of reinforcing edges are taken into account according to thescheme of constructive anisotropy in skewed coordinate systems. Debugging a set of computer
programs for a shell is the geometry used in the model hierarchy for simpler shells. Numericalexperiments are performed to analyze the stability of calculation, convergence, and accuracy
depending on the model type, mode numbers, and the number of grid points.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

Vibrations of the Auxetic Shell in the Liquid
A.S. Yudin
I. I. Vorovich Institute of Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Sciences,
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
ayudin@sfedu.ru
Analysis of vibrations of shell constructions in a liquid is relevant in cases when a high noise levelis an undesirable characteristic of the object. The vibration amplitudes of the shell surface in contact
with the liquid and the noise levels in the environment are correlated. Therefore, a set of methods
is used to reduce vibration and noise levels, which include means of vibration isolation, vibrationand noise absorption. Due to the development of new technologies, the analysis of effects from theuse of non-traditional materials is also relevant in this area. These include materials with auxetic
properties. As shown by mathematical modeling, they give the effect of reducing vibration levels
on the example of a thin aircraft-type shell [1]. In this report, the analysis of vibrations in the liquidof a thicker and stronger shell that can withstand a high level of external pressure is performed. In
the vibroacoustic calculation of vibrations of shells and a linear medium, the stage of determining
the reaction of dynamic pressure on the contact surface is of considerable complexity. To do this,
it is necessary to solve the Fredholm-type integro-differential problem on the shell surface using
the Helmholtz integral in the correct formulation. Such approaches based on the eigenform method,
local impedance modeling method, and iterative methods are developed for shells of revolution [2].
The most convenient and effective method for modeling local impedance is when the type of
connection between the amplitude of dynamic pressure and velocity (or displacement) on the shellsurface is set a priori. To do this, we use the solution of the Helmholtz equation in cylindricalcoordinates. The acceptability of this approach was checked by comparison with more accurate308

methods on shells of revolution. For vibroacoustic calculations of complex composite structures,
calculations of amplitude-frequency characteristics (AFC) are performed on a set of discrete valuesof the driving frequency parameter. This is quite a long and painstaking work. Examples of suchАFC are given in [2]. However, in the case of comparative analysis of the influence of the propertiesof different materials on the vibrational characteristics, a very convenient model is a reinforced
cylindrical shell with a free support of the ends. This model allows representation of the solution inseries and construction of the frequency response as a function of the frequency parameter. In
addition, this model is also informative for more complex structures, since it is a typical section ofcomposite shells. As the frequency increases, the vibrations are localized to a separate excitablesection. This is why the effect of reducing the long structure to a single section works, which
determines the main contribution to the acoustic field. Calculations of the effect of acoustic
properties of the shell were performed on a cylindrical shell supported by a grid of edges in thecircumferential direction, and located in a heavy acoustic environment with a density of water. The
frequency of resonances in the medium decreases in relation to the" dry " shell due to the influenceof the attached mass of the liquid. However, the positive effect of reducing the vibration levels of
the shell with the properties of the auxetic remains.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Yudin A. S., Yudin S. A. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Physics andMechanics of New Materials and Their Applications, devoted to 100-th Anniversary of the Southern
Federal University, Ivan A. Parinov, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Vitaly Yu. Topolov (Eds.). Nova
Science Publishers, New York, 447-452, 2016.
[2] Yudin A.S. In: Advanced Materials. Physics, Mechanics and Applications. Springer
Proceedings in Physics, Shun-Hsyung Chang, Ivan A. Parinov, Vitaly Yu. Topolov (Eds.).
Heidelberg, New York, Dordrecht, London: Springer Cham, 152, 181-191, 2014.

The Dielectric Spectra Study of Polyaniline
Y.I. Yurasov1,2, A.V. Nazarenko1*, G.K. Timoshenko2
1Southern Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
2Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*avnazarenko1@gmail.com
The study of the relaxor properties of Ferroalloy cermets around the world has been engaged in for
more than 50 years. During this time, numerous objects were created that have unique properties
and a combination of ferroelectric, piezoelectric and optical properties. Many theories and models
have been developed to describe the physical processes occurring in them, including the Arrhenius
and Vogel Fulcher laws. The most common model of approximation of the relaxation inmagnetoplasmadynamic today is formula Havriliak – Negami [1]. That is why a new model for309

describing the complex specific electrical conductivity was obtained on its basis, which has a higher
convergence in a wide frequency spectrum f = 10‒3 – 108 Гц [2, 3]: *    
n 1



 n

1  (i )  kT
ln Q ,
Ea

1 

(1)

+  " 0  i '  0

n

𝑀 =

"

, 𝑀" =""(2)

where γ* = γʹ + iγʺ is the total complex electrical conductivity; Q∞ = εʹ∞/εʺ∞ is the Q-factor at ω→∞;εʹ∞ and εʺ∞ are the real and imaginary parts of the permittivity εʺ at ω → ∞, respectively; Mʹ, M"
are the real and imaginary parts of module; εʺωε0 is the singular member and εʹωε0, is the additional
member; α is the parameter of the temperature-frequency distribution of dielectric losses in anonlinear dielectric, β = 1 – α (0 ≤ α ≤ 1, 0 ≤ β ≤ 1); Δγn = γSn – γ∞n; n is a number of the relaxation
process, and γSn = γ∞n – 1. The report shows the possibility of using new model (1) to describe thetemperature and frequency dependences of a chemical polymer such as polyaniline on the electricalconductivity, which is its distinctive feature from most known polymers, which are insulators undernormal conditions. It was found that new model (1) with calculated values of α from (2), and not
empirically selected, has complete convergence with experimental data (see Fig.1).

Fig. 1

The results of the study confirm that new model (1), (2) can be used to describe the dielectric spectraof any nonlinear dielectrics, including those with high values of electrical conductivity.
Acknowledgements
The work is performed as part of the projects of the SSC RAS State Order (Nos. 01201354240 and
01201354247) and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (State
assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020) with the use of
equipment of the Centers for Collective Use Nos. 1483136 and 501994.
References[1] Havriliak S., Negami S. // Journal of Polymer Science Part С, 14(1), 99 – 117, 1966.
[2] Yurasov Yu.I., Nazarenko A.V. // Science of the South of Russia, 15(1), 31 – 41, 2019.
[3] Yurasov Yu.I., Nazarenko A.V. // Journal of Advanced Dielectrics, 10(01n02), 2060006, 2020.

310

Study of Fatigue Life Experiments in Bottom Ash /Aluminum Composite
Getting T6 Heat Treatment and Artificial Aging
Zainun Achmad*, Dikrie Alief Zaini, M. Kevin Firnanda, Ismail
Mechanical Engineering Department, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya,
Indonesia*zainun@untag-sby.ac.id
The process of the manufacture of aluminum composite with reinforcement of coal bottom ash
which has gone through an electroless process with an aim to coat the coal bottom by ash powder
to stick to the aluminum metal during casting. The strength of aluminum alloy material depends not
only on the concentration of the metal alloy, but also how it is treated until the aluminum is readyfor use. T6 heat treatment with a dissolving temperature of 510 °C for 1 hour and 2 hours andfollowed by artificial aging temperatures of 120 °C, 140 °C and 160 °C held for 2 hours. The highest
strength values were achieved in the T6 treatment at 510 °C for 1 hour and the temperature of theartificial aging 140 °C for 2 hours. The maximum tensile strength value of 310 MPa, and the yieldstrength 222.3 MPa were found in the T6 treatment at 510 ºC with an artificial aging temperatureof 120 °C during 1 hour. Fatigue is a major cause of failure in applications. From the fatigue test,
the highest age of fatigue with a load of 0.87σu was in specimens that were manufactured in the T6
treatment at 510 °C with one-hour dissolution time and 120 °C aging temperature for 1 hour and it
was equal to 3,466 cycles. The lowest fatigue life in the specimens was attained in the T6 treatment
at 510 °C with two-hour dissolution time and at the aging temperature equal to 160 °C for 2 hours;
it was 400 cycles. The highest fatigue age with load σy was in the specimens manufactured in theT6 treatment at 510 °C with one-hour dissolution time and 140 °C aging temperature for 1 hour andit was equal to 32,566 cycles. The lowest fatigue life in the specimens was attained in the T6
treatment at 510 °C with one-hour dissolution time and at the aging temperature equal to 160 °C
for 1 hour; it was 11,333 cycles.

Pyroelectric, Bolometric and Flexoelectric Effects Excited in the Volume of
Unpolarized Ferroelectric Plates by Periodic Heating of Electrode Surfaces byModulated Thermal Radiation
311

Yu.N. Zakharov1 , L.A. Reznichenko1, I.A. Parinov2, E.I. Sitalo1*, V.A. Chebanenko3,
A.A. Pavelko1, L.I. Kiseleva3
1Physics Faculty and Physics Research Institute, Southern Federal University,

Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2I. I. Vorovich Mathematics, Mechanics and Computer Science Institute, Southern Federal

University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
3Federal Research Center "Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences",

Rostov-on-Don, Russia*e_sitalo@mail.ru
The method of dynamic pyroelectric effect was used in this study to investigate ferroelectric plateswith dimensions of 10×6×0.6 μm3 made of hot-pressed ferroelectric ceramics PZT-19 (TC = 300 °C),
which did not undergo the process of preliminary polarization, after laser scribing of one surface
and grinding with a powder with a particle diameter of up to 10 microns of the opposite surface.
The electrodes were deposited by firing silver (Ag). For comparison, a batch of similar plates was
made, but did not go through the laser scribing process. It has been established that after firing metalelectrodes into opposite surfaces with different depths of mechanical damage, counter-directed
stationary deformation gradients and, accordingly, internal electric displacement fields are createdin the plate. Such plates retain the values of the pyro- and flexoelectric effects in the ferroelectricphase, as well as the bolometric effect in the paraelectric phase, after repeated heating cycles up to350 °C and cooling down to Тnorm. In addition, it has been shown that damage to the plate surface
prior to electrode firing gives increased values of the response in the paraelectric phase. This
indicates that the pyroelectric response at the treated surface consists of the sum of the induced andstationary flexoelectric effect caused by damage. Whereas the plates that did not pass the scribing
process will have only an induced flexoelectric effect (due to temperature gradient), which is
confirmed by lower pyroelectric response values.
Acknowledgement
The work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant No.19-08-00365.

Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Magnetodielectric Characteristics of CeramicMultiferroic Solid Solution Composition 0.5BiFeO3 – 0.5PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3
K.M. Zhidel1*, A.V. Pavlenko1,2
312

1Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,
194, Stachki Ave., Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
2Federal Research Centre The Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 41,
Chekhov Str., Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia*karinagidele@gmail.com
Multiferroics combine both ferroelectric and ferro(antiferro-)magnetic properties in a wide
temperature range. Currently, such materials are of great interest for not only theoretical point ofview but also practical ones. Physical characteristics (dielectric, magnetodielectric and piezoelectric)of 0.5BiFeO3 – 0.5PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 multiferroic, made in the form of ceramic, are reported. Basedon measurements of sample dielectric characteristics, it has been found that at T ~ 400 K the
anomalies in the dependences of the real (ε'/ε0) and imaginary (ε''/ε0) parts of the complex dielectric
constant are due to the transition of the object from the ferroelectric phase to the paraelectric. At
T ~ 450 K, ones are associated with the magnetic transformation occurring at these temperatures in
the object. The behavior of ε'/ε0 and ε''/ε0 in the high-temperature region is a consequence of theMaxwell-Wagner polarization of the non-Debye type and its corresponding relaxation. It also took
place in BiFeO3 and PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 ceramics. Taking into account the reference data, it has been
established that the object under study simultaneously exhibits ferroelectric and magnetic properties
at T < 450 K. Attempts have been undertaken to polarize by various technological methods for thestudied ceramics. It turned out to be possible to fix only the d33 piezomodule, measured by thequasistatic method, which fell from 24 pC/N to 0 within 240 hours. The investigation of themagnetodielectric effect in high-resistance ceramic samples BiFeO3, PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 and 0.5BiFeO3– 0.5PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 was performed. It has been discovered that the magnetodielectric effect in themat room temperature in a magnetic induction field of 0.85 T is maximum precisely in 0.5BiFeO3 –0.5PbFe1/2Nb1/2O3 (~ 0.5% at B = 0.86 T). The reasons for the revealed regularities and the natureof the detected phase transformations are discussed.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the RussianFederation (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).

Investigation of the Parameters of the Convergence of Two Axes of Contacting
Circular Parallel Steel Cylinders in Numerical Modeling
G.A. Zhuravlev1, A. V. Cherpakov1,2, Yu. E. Drobotov1*
1Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
2Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
313

*yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
The problem of modeling in the ANSYS complex the contacting circular parallel steel cylinders ofdifferent radii is considered. The radii of the cylinders were taken as R1 = 10 – 100 mm. The elastic
modulus of the cylinders had the value E1 = E2 = 2.15  1011 Pa, Poisson's ratios were taken equal
to v1 = v2 = 0.3. The goal was to study the dependence of the characteristics of the approach of theaxes, the contact area, and the stress state of the cylinders, depending on the change in the radius of
the first of them. The load on the first cylinder was assumed to be 10000 N/m. Fig. 1a shows theplots of the calculation results showing the values of radii convergence for the upper (1) and lower(2) cylinders, depending on the radius of the upper cylinder R1. Analysis shows that these plots havea non-linear logarithmic trend of change. The dependence of the contact area lp for two cylinders
shown in Fig. 1b also has a nonlinear trend of a certain dependence. A more detailed analysis
requires comparing this solution with the analytical one.

(a)

(b)

Fig. 1. Values of the approach of the radii (a) for the upper (1) and lower (2) cylinders depending on theradius of the upper cylinder R1; (b) dependence of the contact area lp for two cylinders

Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).

Evaluation Criteria for the Influence of the Material Properties of Elastic
Cylinders on Their Contact Approach
G. A. Zhuravlev*, Yu. E. Drobotov**
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*zhur.okp@yandex.ru, **yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru314

In theory and practice of contact calculations, there are two entirely opposite views on the influenceexerted by the radii of two elastic circular cylinders on their approach. While the methods [1, 2]
attribute it to the fully justified classical theory, the method [3] states this influence is absent, as
well as the contact deformation of the cylinders depends linearly on loading. The presented analysis
proposes that the contact approach   1   2 is independent only on the significantly smaller
radius of the cylinders [4, 5], which is reflected in Figs. 1 and 2 by considering steel cylinders with
𝜇 = 0.3 and 𝐸 = 2.1510 MPa. To prove this effect of the approach, called here “EA”, atheoretical research for various combinations of values of material parameters is carried out, andexperimental data are considered in the framework of the developed theoretical models.

Fig. 1. Influence of the radius of greater cylinder R2
on the components i and the approach  of theaxes of steel cylinders for R1 = 10 mm,
q = 104 N/mm

Fig. 2. Influence of the radius of smaller cylinder
R1 on the components i and the approach  ofthe axes of steel cylinders for
R2 = 1020 mm, q = 104 N/mm

Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Koval'skij B. S. Calculation of Details on Local Compression. Kharkov, HVKIU, 1967 [InRussian].
[2] Loo T. T. // J. Appl. Mech., 25, 122 – 124, 1958.
[3] Ajrapetov E. L. // Russian Engineering Research, 6, 6–10, 1988.
[4] Zhuravlev G. A., Karpenko V. A. // Mechanical Engineering, 6 (28), 51–55, 2008 [In Russian].
[5] Zhuravlev G. A. In: Mixed Problems of Solid Mechanics. Materials of the V Russian Conferencewith International Participation, 23 – 25 August, 2005. Saratov, Saratov State University Press,
148–151, (2005) [In Russian].

Method for Calculating Stress Concentration in Elastoplastic Rodwith Two Symmetric Hyperbolic Recesses
315

G. A. Zhuravlev*, Yu. E. Drobotov**
Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia*zhur.okp@yandex.ru, **yu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
An approach for approximating the stress-strain state of an elastoplastic rod with two symmetric
hyperbolic recesses under transverse bending with compressing and thermal-force loading at thesurface layers is considered. Both the concentrator and the area outside it are loaded on the sameside of the rod. The approach uses “elastic” solutions with reference to the widely approved
kinematic hypothesis of S. P. Timoshenko [1, 2], which say on independence of the distribution lawof strains on deforming and strengthening the material:x  y    x  y 

T, I  yT 

where  x  y  and x  y  are the relative linear deformations at the current point y for a specificcross-section at x  const for an ideal absolutely elastic material and the real one, respectively;  T

is the relative deformation, corresponding to the material yield stress;  I  yT  is the criterion value,
characterizing transition from elastic deforming to the non-elastic one at the boundary point y  yTof the section for ideally elastic material. The Neuber’s solution [3] for the plane problem on stressconcentration is used as the “elastic component” of the method. An iterative process is organizedthen for calculation of residual normal stresses after the elastoplastic deforming, with applying the
Ilyushin ‒ Genki theorem and verifying the equilibrium condition. As a result, the stress-strain stateof the considered rod is specified with high accuracy and performance. Software implementation
and a practical instance of applying the method are discussed.
Acknowledgement
Research was financially supported by Southern Federal University, grant No. VnGr-07/2020-04IM (Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation).
References[1] Del' G.D., Chebaevskii B.P., Pronkin A.F. // Strength Mater. 3, 80–83, 1971.
[2] Troshchenko V.T., Getman A.F. // Strength Mater. 4, 140–144, 1972.
[3] Neuber H. Kerbspannungslehre. Theorie der Spannungskonzentration Genaue Berechnung derFestigkeit. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2001.

Thermostability Ceramics Based on Sodium, Calcium, Strontium Niobates,
Depending on the of Synthesis and Sintering Conditions, and Mechanical
Processing
J.Y. Zubarev1,2*, L.А. Reznitchenko2
1Research and Technology Unit, FKU NPO "STiS" MIA Russia,

Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
316

2

Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University,
Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia*yzubarev@sfedu.ru

In the last five years, detonation engine researchers, both pulsed and rotational, have achieved
significant success. They require extreme accuracy in monitoring and controlling of fuel detonation
processes. The processes taking place are accompanied by changes in temperature and pressure. In
this work, the phase-electrophysical properties of high-temperature ferro-piezoceramic materials
with the participation of layered perovskite-like compounds are considered. These objects have amaximum working temperature reaches 2000 – 3000 K. This is of interest for use in the above
devices. The phase diagrams of binary systems of the (1 – х)NaNbO3 – xCaSr2Nb2O7 (0.0 ≤ х ≤ 1.0;
∆х = 0.05, 300 К) type are studied. These include crystallization regions of perovskite-type solid
solutions and alternating layered perovskite-like compounds. At the boundary of these phase states,
objects with increased reactivity are formed. Due to this, intercalation of gas ions into the structure
is possible. The underside mechanism is studied by the example of interaction of ceramics withatmospheric water. In the process of water adsorption, intercalation of hydroxyl groups into theinterlayer space occurs. Moreover, under certain conditions, ionic molecules create an active filmon the surface of crystalline structures. This process is reversible under the influence of external
factors. Significant impact on these properties has thermodynamic background: synthesis
conditions and sintering ceramics. Increasing the sintering temperature and the synthesis allows one
to obtain optimum characteristics of ceramic objects. Machining, besides changes in the structure
and topology, reduces the sintering temperature. The totality of the objects of study can berecommended as components of pulse and rotating detonation engines. However, a variation of thethermodynamic background of these objects can be recommended as devices in microwave
technology.
Acknowledgements
This work was financially supported by the Russian Federation Ministry of Science and Higher
Educations (State assignment in the field of scientific activity, Southern Federal University, 2020).
The equipment of the Collective Use Centers “Electromagnetic, Electromechanical and Thermal
Properties of Solids” was used at the Research Institute of Physics of the Southern Federal
University.

Crystal Structure and Dielectric Properties of Layered Perovskite-like Solid
Solutions Bi3 – xGdxTiTaO9 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) with High Curie Temperature
S. V. Zubkov
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 194, Stachki Ave,
Rostov-on Don, 344090, Russia
svzubkov61@mail.ru
317

The Aurivillius phases [Bi2O2][An-1BnO3n+1] are well-known ferroelectrics with high Curie
temperatures. High-temperature piezoceramics Bi3 – xGdxTiTaO9 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) were preparedby a solid-state reaction method [1]. The structural and electrophysical characteristics of Bi3 –xGdxTiTaO9 ceramics have been studied. According to the data of powder X-ray diffraction, all thecompounds are single-phase with the structures of two-layer Aurivillius phases (m = 2) with theorthorhombic crystal lattice (space group A21am). The temperature dependence of the relative
permittivity ε/ε0(T) of the compounds was measured and showed that the Curie temperature ofperovskite-like oxides Bi3-xGdxTiTaO9 increases linearly with an increase in the substitution
parameter x to TC = 920 °C. The activation energies of charge carriers have been found in different
temperature ranges.
Reference[1] S. V. Zubkov // Journal of Advanced Dielectrics, 10(01n02), 2060002, 2020.

Crystal Structure and Dielectric Properties of Layered Perovskite-like Solid
Solutions Bi3 – xNdxTiNbO9 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0)
S. V. Zubkov
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 194, Stachki Ave,
Rostov-on Don, 344090, Russia*svzubkov61@mail.ru
The Aurivillius phases [Bi2O2][An-1BnO3n+1] are well-known ferroelectrics with high Curie
temperatures. High-temperature piezoceramics Bi3–xNdxTiNbO9 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) wereprepared by a solid-state reaction method [1]. The structural and electrophysical characteristics ofBi3–xNdxTiNbO9 ceramics have been studied. According to the data of powder X-ray diffraction, all
the compounds are single-phase with the structures of two-layer Aurivillius phases (m = 2) with theorthorhombic crystal lattice (space group A21am). The temperature dependence of the relative
permittivity ε/ε0(T) of the compounds was measured and showed that the Curie temperature ofperovskite-like oxides Bi3–xNdxTiNbO9 decreases linearly with a decrease in the substitution
parameter x to TC = 430 °C. The activation energies of charge carriers have been found in different
temperature ranges as well as dependence of TC on x for Bi3–xNdxTiNbO9 (see Figs.1, 2).

318

Fig. 1. Temperature dependence of the permittivity ε/ε0 and dielectric loss tanδ for Bi2.8Nd0.2TiNbO9

Fig. 2. Dependence of Curie temperature on x
Reference[1] S. V. Zubkov // Journal of Advanced Dielectrics,
10(01n02), 2060002, 2020.

Crystal Structure and Ferroelectrics Properties of Mixed-layer
Bi7Ti4-xSnxNbO21 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) Ceramics
S. V. Zubkov
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 194, Stachki Ave,
Rostov-on Don, 344090, Russia*svzubkov61@mail.ru
Layered perovskite-like bismuth oxides with the Aurivillius phase (AP) structure have been known
for several decades [1, 2], but interest in them has been growing due to their potential practicalapplications. APs are promising materials for fabricating high-temperature piezoelectrictransducers operating in extreme conditions and are considered as elements of ferroelectric memory
devices (FeRAM), as multifunctional materials exhibiting magnetic properties (multiferroics),
photoluminescence etc. At the present time, the number of known APs is several hundreds, and thisnumber continues to increase. A number of solid solutions Bi7Ti4-xSnxNbO21 (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4,0.5) have been synthesized from oxides by solid-phase reaction. The crystal structure, theelectrophysical characteristics and the microstructure of the prepared ceramic samples have beenstudied. According to X-ray powder diffraction, all the compounds are single-phase with the319

structure of mixed-layer Aurivillius phases (m = 2.5) with the orthorhombic crystal lattice (spacegroup I2cm, Z = 2). The activation energies of charge carriers have been found in different
temperature ranges.

C4
C10
C16
C22

30
25

Bi7Ti3.7Sn0.3NbO21

tgd

20
15
10
5
0
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

T,C

.
References
1. Zubkov S.V., Vlasenko V.G., Shuvaeva V.А., Shevtsova S.I. // Phys. Solid State, 58(1),42,2016.
2. D.Mercurio, G.Trolliard, THansen, J.P. Mercurio, // International Journal of Inorganic
Materials, 2(5), 397-406, 2000.

Crystal Structure and Ferroelectrics Properties of Mixed-layer
Bi7-xYxTiNbO21 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) Ceramics
S. V. Zubkov
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 194, Stachki Ave,
Rostov-on Don, 344090, Russia
svzubkov61@mail.ru
Layered perovskite-like bismuth oxides with the Aurivillius phase (AP) structure have been known
for several decades [1, 2], but interest in them has been growing due to their potential practicalapplications. APs are promising materials for fabricating high-temperature piezoelectrictransducers operating in extreme conditions and are considered as elements of ferroelectric memory
devices (FeRAM), as multifunctional materials exhibiting magnetic properties (multiferroics),
photoluminescence etc. At the present time, the number of known APs is several hundred, and thisnumber continues to increase. A number of solid solutions Bi7-xYxTiNbO21 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6)
have been synthesized from oxides by solid-phase reaction. The crystal structure, theelectrophysical characteristic and the microstructure of the prepared ceramic samples have been320

studied. According to X-ray powder diffraction, all the compounds are single-phase with thestructure of mixed-layer Aurivillius phases (m = 2.5) with the orthorhombic crystal lattice (spacegroup I2cm, Z = 2). The activation energies of charge carriers have been found in different
temperature ranges.

References[1] Zubkov S.V., Vlasenko V.G., Shuvaeva V.А., Shevtsova S.I. // Phys. Solid State, 58(1), 42,
2016.
[2] D. Mercurio, G. Trolliard, T. Hansen, J.P. Mercurio // International Journal of Inorganic
Materials, 2(5), 397-406, 2000.

Crystal Structure and Ferroelectrics Properties of
Mixed-layer Bi7-2xNd2xTi4NbO21 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) Ceramics
S. V. Zubkov
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, 194, Stachki Ave,
Rostov-on Don, 344090, Russia*svzubkov61@mail.ru
Layered perovskite-like bismuth oxides with the Aurivillius phase (AP) structure have been known
for several decades [1, 2], but interest to them has been growing due to their potential practicalapplications. APs are promising materials for fabricating high-temperature piezoelectrictransducers operating in extreme conditions and are considered as elements of ferroelectric memory
devices (FeRAM), as multifunctional materials exhibiting magnetic properties (multiferroics),
photoluminescence etc. At the present time, the number of known APs is several hundreds, and thisnumber continues to increase. A number of solid solutions Bi7-2xNd2xTi4NbO21 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6,
0.8, 1) have been synthesized from oxides by solid-phase reaction. The crystal structure, theelectrophysical characteristics and the microstructure of the prepared ceramic samples have been321

studied. According to X-ray powder diffraction, all the compounds are single-phase with thestructure of mixed-layer Aurivillius phases (m = 2.5) with the orthorhombic crystal lattice (spacegroup I2cm, Z = 2). Temperature dependences of the relative permittivity ε(T) of the compound
have been measured, from which it has been found that the Curie temperature TC of perovskite-likeoxides Bi7-2xNd2xTi4NbO21 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1) decreases linearly as substitution parameter x
decreases. The activation energies of charge carriers have been found in different temperature
ranges.
References[1] Zubkov S.V., Vlasenko V.G., Shuvaeva V.А., Shevtsova S.I. // Phys. Solid State, 58(1), 42,
2016.
[2] D. Mercurio, G. Trolliard, T. Hansen, J.P. Mercurio // International Journal of Inorganic
Materials, 2(5), 397-406, 2000.

Development of Multi-Layered Sewer Pipe Plug -Ruptured Test and Stress
Analysis of Pretective Sheet
H. Tottori, N.A. Noda, G.Gao, R. Takaki, Y. Sano, A. Kai.
Kyushu Institute of Technology
In recent years, the sewer system in Japan is becoming obsolete. It is, therefore, necessary toreinforce or repair without stopping sewer functions by applying a suitable water stopping method.
In this study, a multi-layered sewer pipe plug consisting of the protective sheet and two rubber balls
is focused since it can be installed and removed at the construction site in a short time conveniently.
This sewer pipe plug has several advantages dealing with various diameters compared to theconventional type. In this study, the rupture test is conducted to improve the water stopping
performance. The fractured position of the protective sheet of the sewer pipe plug was investigatedexperimentally. It was clarified that the maximum stress around the flange portion can be reduced
by decreasing the flange inner diameter.

Development of Multi-Layered Sewer Piper Pulug-Tensile Strength ofProtective Sheet
H. Tottori, N.A. Noda, G. Gao, R. Takaki, Y. Sano, A Kai.
Kyushu Institute of Technology

322

Since Japanese sewer system is becoming obsolete, it is necessary to reinforce and repair thesystem without stopping sewer functions. In this study, a multi-layered sewer pipe plug consistingof the protective sheet and two rubber balls is focused to be installed and removed conveniently at
the construction site. In this paper, a suitable testing method and the strength of the protective
sheet are discussed experimentally by changing the specimen geometry providing slit and seams.
It is found that the slit specimen is most desirable to obtain the standard tensile strength of
UHMWPE cloth named Izanas cloth. It is found that the seamed strength is σ_B=34MPa, which isabout 17% of the standard tensile strength σ_B0=200MPa.

Fatigue Strength Improvement of Roller Chain by Press Pitting between Pin
and Plate
R. Saito, N. A. Noda, Y. Sano, A. Miyagi, T. Okamura.
Kyushu Institute of Technology
To improve the fatigue strength of the roller chain, the fatigue test is conducted by varying thepressfitting ratio between the pin and the holed plate. To model what occurs in a chain under load,a single plate specimen is prepared by press-fitting two pins into two holes at the ends of the plate.
The FEM analysis is performed to obtain the stress amplitude and the average stress. The results,
in both cases demonstrate that the fatigue strength is improved by the press-fit between the pin
and the hole. The fatigue improvement mechanism is discussed based on the stress analysis.

How to Estimate Fatigue Strength of Wood Material
K. Saito, N. A. Noda.
Kyushu Institute of Technology
When wood materials are used for a mechanical structure, the fatigue strength should be estimateddue to repeated loads they receive. This paper reveals that the methods to calculate allowablestresses along with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and Architectural
Institute of Japan (AIJ) can take the strength reduction due to fatigue into account because the
ASTM/AIJ allowable stresses against the static strength closely resemble the fatigue limit against
the wood static strength.
323

Adhesive Strength Evaluation of Scarf Joint by using Intensity of SingularStress Field (ISSF)
N. A. Noda, R. Takaki, B. Wang, S. Wang, Y. Sano, Y. Takase.
Kyushu Institute of Technology
In previous study, the debonding strength of the butt joints was expressed as a constant value ofthe critical ISSF (Intensity of Singular Stress Field). In this study, the debonding strength
evaluation will be investigated for scarf joint under tension by considering ISSF. This study deals
with the scarf joint considering two ISSFs corresponding to two distinct singular stress fields.
How to evaluate the scarf joint strength is described in comparison with the lap joint having
similar two ISSFs. The debonding strength for scarf joints and lap joints can be expressed by the
singular stress σ_θc (r) almost independent of bondline thickness h.

Fractographic Identification of Fracture Origin in Scarf Joint in Comparison
to Butt Joint
R. Takaki, N. A. Noda, D. Ishida, Y. Sano, Y. Suzuki.
Kyushu Institute of Technology
In previous study, the ISSF (Intensity of Singular Stress Field) was analyzed at the interface edge.
However, the fracture origin controlled by the ISSF was not investigated in detail yet. In thisstudy, the detail experimental observation is performed for the scarf joint specimen to identify thefracture origin. The fracture origin of scarf joint is compared to butt joint. The fractographic
observation shows that the fracture originates from microcracks about 10-50μm depth at theinterface edge in a similar way the butt joint.

Convenient and Accurate Formulas for Stress Intensity Factor Distribution of
Semi-Elliptical Surface Crack
Y. Takase, N. A. Noda.
Kyushu Institute of Technology
In this paper, the stress intensity factor (SIF) formula F_ISE along the crack front of a semielliptical surface crack is studied. The exact SIF solution F_ISE is used by solving the324

hypersingular integral equation of the body force method discussed in the previous paper. To
obtain the accurate formula, the SIF ratio F_ISE/F_IE is focused considering the exact solution
F_IE of an elliptical crack. By applying the least squares method to the ratio F_ISE/F_IE ,accurate and convenient formula is proposed. The proposed formulas may provide the accurate
SIF distributions for the aspect ratio a/b=1~4 better than 0.2% accuracy.

Effect of Shaft’s Rigidity and Motor Torque on Interfacial Slip for Shrinkfitted Bimetallic Work Roll
R. A. Rafar, N. A. Noda, H. Tsurumaru, Y. Sano, Y. Takase.
Kyushu Institute of Technology
The bimetallic work rolls are widely used in the roughing stands of hot rolling stand mills. The
rolling rolls are classified into two types; one is a single-solid type, and the other is a shrink-fitted
construction type consisting of a sleeve and a shaft. Regarding the shrink-fitted type, theinterfacial slip occurs and causes damage between the shaft and the shrink-fitted sleeve. In thispaper, by varying the shaft material, the FEM simulation is performed to realize the interfacialslip. The effect of the shaft deformation on the interfacial slip is clarified as well as the effects ofthe shrink-fitting ratio, and motor torque in relation to the slippage zone along the interface.

Stress Intensity Factors of Interfacial Crack associated with Different
Interface Edge Singularities
K. Oda, T. Irie, T. Masuno, N. Tutsumi.
Oita University
The singular stress field near the interface end is determined by the shape of the edge and the
combination of materials. In the lap joint and scarf joint, the singular stress field at the interface
end can be expressed by superposing the stress fields having the two different singularities, λ1 andλ2. The stress intensity factor of edge interface crack is controlled by the intensity of the singularstress field near the interface end when the crack length is short. In this study, we investigated amethod to separate the stress intensity factor of an edge interface crack into two components
related to the singularity indices in a single lap joint. The separated stress intensity factors forinterface crack can be obtained by using the stress intensity factor solutions of two different crack
lengths.
325

Effect of Hydrogen on Fracture Mechanism in Tensile Test of Carbon Steels
N. Tutsumi, K. Oda, K. Miyaji.
Oita University
In order to investigate the effect of hydrogen on fracture mechanism in tensile tests of carbon steels,
tensile tests were conducted using hydrogen-charged and uncharged specimens of JIS-SS400 (0.09
mass % C), JIS-S25C (0.27 mass % C) and JIS-S45C (0.46 mass % C). Each specimen was
introduced prestrain (0%, 5% and 10%) since the hydrogen content in hydrogen-charged specimens
increased as prestrain increased. The tensile strength and yield stress of hydrogen-charged
specimens was approximately the same as those of uncharged. However, the reduction of area ofhydrogen-charged specimens was smaller than that of uncharged and decreased as hydrogen content
increased. On the fracture surface of all the uncharged specimens, many dimples were observed.
On the other hand, flat fracture surface was observed on hydrogen-charged specimens of JIS-SS400
and JIS-S25C. However, no flat fracture surface was observed on hydrogen-charged specimens of
JIS-S45C. To reveal the reason of the difference, longitudinal cross section near the fracture surface
were observed. Many voids were initiated in pearlite structure of hydrogen-charged specimens
compared with that of uncharged. And the larger voids were observed in hydrogen-charged
specimens of JIS-SS400 since it has more ferrite structure compared with JIS-S25C and JIS-S45C.

Proportional Method for Evaluating Intensity of Singular Stress Field for Butt
Joint with Adhesive Spew
T. Miyazaki, D. Takasuka, K. Naka.
University of the Ryukyus
In this study, a proportional method for evaluating an intensity of singular stress field (ISSF) at aninterface corner in a butt joint (BJ) with an adhesive spew is proposed. Square-shaped inclusion
models under bi-axial tensile stress and under shear stress are used as reference models. The
ISSFs for the BJ are calculated by superposing those for the reference models. The reference and
BJ models are analyzed by FEM under the same mesh division and the same material
combination, and the stresses applied to the reference models are determined by the FEM stresses
at the interface corner. The validity of the present method is examined by applying to the BJ
composed of the steel and the epoxy resin. The asymptotic solution obtained by the method is inagreement with the FEM stress distributions. Then, the ISSFs for the BJ are calculated bychanging adhesive spew similarly. It is shown that the ISSF normalized by the adhesive thickness
is constant independent of the thickness.

326

Mechanism of Growth ZnO Nanowires and Applications
C. F. Yang
National University of Kaohsiung
The topic of this speech is to investigate “Mechanism of Growth ZnO Nanowires and Applications”,
and it has three topics. First, we discussed the mechanism of growth ZnO nanowires under different
parameters, including deposition seed layer with different times, different deposition temperatures,and different C6H12N4 and Zn(NO3)2‧6H2O concentrations. Next, we investigated a new method
to grow the In- and Eu-doped ZnO nanowires and discussed the effects of In and Eu concentrations
on the growth properties of ZnO nanowires. We would show that as the In and Eu concentrations
increased, the needed growth temperatures of ZnO nanowires were reduced. Finally, we used ZnO
nanowires and P3HT to fabricate the hetero-junction-based ammonia (NH3) gas sensors. The gas
sensing properties of pure ZnO nanorods and nanorods-P3HT hetero-junction gas sensors were
investigated in detail. The nanowires-P3HT hetero-junction gas sensors showed dramaticallyenhanced response to ammonia gas, and this device held a great potential for practical applications.

Photo-Enhanced Field Emission Behavior of CDSSE Microflowers
A. B. Deore*, M. A. More*§, B. B. MUSMADE†, S. D. Nerkar**, P. G. CHAVAN***,P. M. KOINKAR****§*Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.

deoreamol91@gmail.com, § mam@physics.unipune.ac.in†D. Y. Patil College of Engineering Akurdi, Pune, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune

411044, India.
bbmusmade@dypcoeakurdi.ac.in.
**SVKM’s Institute of Technology, Dhule 424001, India.
snerkar@gmail.com***
School of Physical Science Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University,
Jalgaon, 425001, India
pgchavan@nmu.ac.in****Department of Optical Science, Tokushima University,2-1 Minamijosanjima Cho, Tokushima,
7708506, Japan.
koinkar@tokushima-u.ac.jp
In this work, synthesis of well grown cadmium sulphoselenide (CdSSe) microflowers on gold
coated silicon substrate using simple and low cost chemical bath deposition technique. The
deposited CdSSe film was annealed in a furnace for 30 minutes at 250 oC. Subsequently, annealed
CdSSe film further characterized structural, morphological and field emission analysis have beenstudied. The CdSSe microflowers show photo-sensitive field emission behavior. In photo-sensitive327

field emission the emission current rises nearly two to three times of its primary preset value at ~ 1µA.

Robust Sliding Mode Control of Uncertain Nonlinear Systems
B. B. MUSMADE 1†, Y. P. PATIL2, B. M. PATRE3
1D. Y. Patil College of Engineering Akurdi, Pune, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune

411044, India.
bbmusmade@dypcoeakurdi.ac.in.
2MVP Samaj’s K B T College of Engineering, Nashik,. Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune,
patil.yogesh@kbtcoe.org
3S. G. G. S. Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nanded, India..
bmpatre.sggs.ac.in
In this paper, a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is investigated and a sliding modecontrol designis presented. The method is proposed for uncertain systems with modeluncertainties, nonlinear
dynamics and external disturbances. Using nominal system andrelated bounds of uncertainties, achattering alleviating scheme is also proposed, whichcan ensure the robust sliding mode control
law. The control performance is validatedby simulation. The study show that proposed controller iseffective compared to existingcontrollers.

Investigation of Electrical Properties of Peald Deposited Ti/Al2O3/Al/Si MIM
Capacitors
S. PATIL1, V. BARHATE1, A. MAHAJAN1, H. XU2, M. RASADUJJAMAN2,
J. ZHANG2
1Department of Electronics, School of Physical Sciences, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North

Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, Maharashtra – 425001, Indias.r.patil1992@gmail.com, viral.barhate@gmail.com, ammahajan@nmu.ac.in
2School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing
100144, China
haoyu_xu@outlook.com, rasadphy@duet.ac.bd, zhangj@ncut.edu.cn
MIM devices fabricated with 10 nm thickness of Al2O3 high-k thin film deposited using plasmaenhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) system on Al coated Si Substrate were investigated.
The structural, morphological, and electrical properties of Ti/Al2O3/Al/Si MIM capacitors asdeposited and Post Deposition Annealed (PDA) at different temperatures were studied andcompared. Al2O3 thin films were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and x-ray
diffraction (XRD) and Ti/Al2O3/Al MIM capacitors were characterized by Current-voltage (I-V)
and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. The stable phase formation of Ti/Al2O3/Al MIM
328

capacitor provides the lowest leakage current density in the range of nA/cm2 for as-deposited andannealed films was observed.

Sol-Gel Deposited Xerogel, Aerogel and Porogen Based Porous Low-K Thin
Films: A Comparative Investigation
S. GUPTA1, A. GAIKWAD1, A. MAHAJAN1*, L. ONGXIAO2, Z. WEI2
1Materials and Devices Laboratory for Nanoelectronics, Department of Electronics, Kavayitri

Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon (Maharashtra) 425 001, India,*ammahajan@nmu.ac.in
2Department of Applied Physics, China Agricultural University,
Beijing, China
Low dielectric constant (k) films are used as inter layer dielectric in nanoelectronic devices toreduce interconnect delay, crosstalk noise and power consumption. Tailoring capability of porous
low-k films attracted more attention. Present work investigates comparative study of xerogel,aerogel and porogen based porous low-k films. Deposition of SiO2 and incorporation of less polarbonds in film matrix is confirmed using Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy. Refractive
indices (RI) of xerogel, aerogel and porogen based low-k films observed to be as low as 1.25, 1.19
& 1.14, respectively. Higher porosity percentage of 69.46% is observed for porogen based films
while for shrinked xerogel films, it is lowered to 45.47%.Porous structure of low-k films has beenvalidated by using FESEM micrograph. The pore diameters of porogen based annealed samples
were in the range of 3.53 to 25.50 nm. The dielectric constant obtained from RI for xerogel, aerogeland porogen based films are 2.58, 2.20 and 1.88, respectively.

Photochromic Effects in P- and B-Doped Diamond
K. N. Boldyrev
Institute of spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russia.
Diamond is an ultrawide-bandgap material (5.47 eV) with many unique properties for the different
purposes from power electronics to quantum computing. High electron and hole mobility, and highthermal conductivity, has compelling potential advantages over the most known analogs, such as
the narrow-bandgap silicon (Si), in radiation-resistant, high-power, and high-frequency electronics,
as well as in deep-UV optoelectronics, quantum information, and extreme-environment applications[1]. As well a diamond is an excellent photoconductor, and this property can be used for UV
detectors with ultra-high sensitivity [2]. It is known that p-type semiconducting diamond issynthesized by doping boron impurity. However, it used to be almost impossible to make n-type329

diamond. Phosphorus is only an impurity for n-type semiconducting diamond established at thismoment. P-donors in a diamond can be used for quantum computing, spin-to-photon conversion,
photonic memory, integrated single-photon sources, and all-optical switches because of the readin/read-out is in the optical region showing extremely high decoherence time up to hours [3]. Earlier
studies of the photoconductivity of the phosphorus-doped diamond, which made it possible toregister several electronic transitions near 600 meV [4]. These studies gave hope for the presenceof photochromic effects in P-doped diamonds, by analogy with such effects in silicon [5]. In
addition, based on such effects, it is possible to create a technique for the optical monitoring of thequality and concentration of doping [5,6].
In this work, we report the detail studies of the photochromic effects of the large-sized HPHTgrown high-quality P- and B-doped single-crystal diamonds by the high-resolution photochromic
spectroscopy. We found a significant photochromic effect on the electronic transitions ofphosphorus. A strong intensity measurement in the absorption spectra is observed under the
influence of external optical radiation. In addition, there was a redistribution of intensities in theabsorption region of boron and phosphorus, by analogy with the dopant of boron and phosphorus
in silicon [5,6]. Based on this effect, a method is proposed for determining the real concentration ofboron and phosphorus in a diamond.
A financial support by the Russian Science Foundation under Grant № 19-72-10132 is
acknowledged.
[1] J. Y. Tsao, S. Chowdhury, M. A. Hollis et al., Adv. Electron. Mater. 4, 1600501 (2018).
[2] F. Hochedez, W. Schmutz, Y. Stockman et al., Adv. Space Res. 37(2), 303 312 (2006).
[3] K. Saeedi, S. Simmons, J. Z. Salvail et al., Science 342, 830 (2013).
[4] K. Haenen, K. Meykens, M. Nesladek et al., Phys. Stat. Sol. a 181, 11 (2000).
[5] Test method for low temperature FT-IR analysis of single crystal silicon for III-V impurities
SEMI MF 1630-0704 (2004).
[6] K.N. Boldyrev, N.Yu. Boldyrev, R.V. Kirillin, Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys., 77(12), 1420 (2013).

Infrared Spectra of the CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 Hybrid Perovskites:
Signatures of Phase Transitions and of Organic Cation Dynamics
K. N. Boldyrev1,2, V.E. Anikeeva1,2, O.I. Semenova3, M.N. Popova1
1

Institute of spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow, 108840, Russia.

2Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny,

Moscow Region, 141701, Russia
3A.V. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of

Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

330

The organic–inorganic hybrid halide perovskites attract a relentless interest of researchers due totheir enormous potential as functional materials, primarily for solar cells, as well as for lightemitting diodes, lasers, photodetectors, and thermoelectric devices [1-5]. It should be mentionedthat the power conversion efficiency of the solar cells based on hybrid perovskites already exceeds
20%, with the advantage of cost-effective low-temperature synthesis methods [2]. Exceptional
functionality of hybrid halide perovskites is due to useful physical properties such as tunable optical
bandgap and absorption coefficient [3], long carrier lifetimes, high carrier mobility, and large
diffusion lengths [4], low thermal conductivity [5].
Methylammonium lead iodide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) is the most studied material
among hybrid halide perovskites. Here, we report on the first high-resolution (up to 0.2 cm-1)
terahertz (far IR) reflection and mid- and near-IR transmission studies of MAPbI3 large single
crystals in a wide range of temperatures (5 – 350 K), carried out with the aim of getting information
on low-frequency phonons and multiphonon lattice excitations that could not be obtained bypreviously used experimental techniques or/and samples [6]. We observed several low-frequency
excitations not reported before and made their assignments. Using the literature data on the lattice
expansion with temperature and our data on temperature-dependent phonon frequencies wecalculated the mode Grüneisen parameters for the strongest low-frequency modes. In addition, weinvestigated another crystal from this group of organic-inorganic materials - methylammonium leadbromide perovskite CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3). We have observed all phase transitions bystudying low-frequency phonons and multiphonon lattice excitations. By analyzing the temperature
behavior of the multi-phonon spectrum, we revealed changes in the dynamics of the CH3NH3+
molecular cation, which is important for interpreting physical properties of MAPbI3 and MAPbBr3.
A financial support by the Russian Science Foundation under Grant № 19-72-10132 is
acknowledged.
[1] M.A. Green, A. Ho-Baillie; H.J. Snaith, Nat. Photon 8, 506 (2014).
[2] S.I. Seok, M. Grätzel, N.-G. Park, Small 14, 1704177 (2018).
[3] M.A. Green, Y. Jiang, A.M. Soufiani, A. Ho-Baillie, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6, 4774 (2015).
[4] T.M. Brenner, D.A. Egger, L. Kronik, G. Hodes, D. Cahen, Nat. Rev. Mater. 1, 15007 (2016).
[5] M.A. Haque, S. Kee, D.R. Villalva, W.-L. Ong, D. Baran, Adv. Sci. 10, 1903389 (2020).
[6] K.N. Boldyrev, V.E. Anikeeva, O.I. Semenova, M.N. Popova, J. Phys. Chem. C 124(42), 23307(2020).

Fabrication and evaluation of Ca-doped SrTiO3 thermoelectric materials bymolten salt method
K. I. MURAI, T. NISHIURA, R. NAGATA, T. MORIGA
Graduate School of Technology, Industrial Social Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima
331

Tokushima, 770-8506, Japankeimurai@tokushima-u.ac.jp
In this study, we focused on the molten salt method and attempted a simple synthesis of
SrTi0.8Co0.2O3. It was clarified that SrTi0.8Co0.2O3 can be obtained under relatively mild conditions
by using the molten salt. In all samples, the electrical conductivity increased with increasing
temperature. Compared with the sample without the molten salt, the electric conductivity of thesamples with the molten salt were greatly improved. The sample using the KCl-NaCl mixed salt
showed the highest electrical conductivity of 83 S / cm at 973 K. The relative densities of all thesamples using the molten salt were above 85%. It is considered that the improvement in theelectrical conductivity is partly due to the increase in the relative density.
Keywords: Molten salt method; Ca-doped SrTiO3; thermoelectric material.

LOCAL ELECTRONIC AND ATOMIC STRUCTURES OF THE MIXED BSITE IONS IN SrFe1-xMnxO3−δ STUDIED WITH X-RAY ABSORPTIONSPECTROSCOPY
M. OISHI1,*, T. SAKURAGI1, F. FUJISHIRO2, T. INA3, H. YAMAGISHI4, I. WATANABE4, T.
OHTA4
1

Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Science, Tokushima University,
2-1 Minamijosanjima cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan*ooishi.masatsugu@tokushima-u.ac.jp
2Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, Kochi-shi, Kochi,
780-8520, Japan
3Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1–1–1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679–
5198, Japan
4SR center, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Higashinoji Kusatsu Shiga 525-8577, Japan
Local electronic and atomic structures of the B-site ions in perovskite SrFe1−xMnxO3−δ were
evaluated with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Mn, Fe K and L-edges and O K-edge. Theenergy of LIII and LII-edge peaks for Mn and Fe ions stayed unchanged against the change in Mn
content x. The analysis of Mn K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) revealed
that Mn−O polyhedra kept as an octahedron with Mn4+ irrespective of the x value, agreeing withthe results of L-edge spectra. The Fe K-edge EXAFS analysis showed that the Fe−O distancedecreased with decrease of the Mn contents, suggesting that the ratio of FeO5 polyhedra to FeO6
octahedra is increased due to smaller oxygen amount. By analyzing both the K-edge and L-edge
spectra, we clarified the local electronic and atomic structural changes, particularly occurred in the
B-site mixed perovskite oxides.
Keywords: Oxygen storage materials, B-site mixed perovskite-type oxide, K- and L-edge XAS
332

LIQUID EXFOLIATION OF GRAPHENE OXIDE NANORIBBONS USINGCHEMICAL ASSISTED LASER ABLATION
S. DHONGADE†, P. KOINKAR†,*, A. FURUBE †,*, S. SUGANO ‡†Department of Optical Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima Cho,
Tokushima 7708506, Japanc501938021@tokushima-u.ac.jp, *koinkar@tokushima-u.ac.jp, *furube.akihiro@tokushimau.ac.jp‡

Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima Cho,
Tokushima 7708506, Japansugano@tokushima-u.ac.jp

The interest toward two dimensional (2D) materieals is gradually increasing because of theirstructure at nanoscale and great importance for electronic and optical applications. In this study, weshow the synthesis of graphene oxide micro-ribbons fabricated by chemical assisted-laser ablation
method. In order to confirm the formation of graphene oxide (GO), UV-visible spectroscopy (UVvis) and Raman spectrosopy are used to observe surface morphological feature and structural details.
In addition, a possible mechanisms for the growth of GO nanoribbon is discussed. This work
indicates a new method to develop GO nanostructures and related nanomaterials.
Keywords: Laser ablation in liquid, Graphene oxide, UV-visible spectrum, Raman spectrum333

2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

AUTHOR INDEX
Abdulvahidov K.G., 57, 163, 197
Adeel Ahmad Jamil, 31
Afonin S. M., 32
Ageev O.A., 106, 228, 284
Aizikovich S.M., 197, 232
Akihiro Furube, 205, 302
Aleksandrova A., 169
Alekseenko A.A., 182, 206, 210
Alexander N. Epikhin, 41, 44
Alexander Gerasimenko, 165
Alexander Markov, 165
Alexandra Starnikova, 33
Alexey M. Kolesnikov, 34
Andjikovich I. E., 53
Andreeva T.M., 35
Andrey S. Vasiliev, 36, 237
Andris Chate, 111
Andros N.V., 36
Andryushin K.P., 37 – 39, 183
Andryushina I.N., 37 – 39
Anikeev M.V., 149
Aridi M. R., 40
Arkadiy N. Soloviev, 41, 43, 44, 45,
Artseva E.A., 220
Avakyan A.A., 276
Avilov V.I., 46, 276
Bae M. K., 131
Balakirev S. V., 75, 95, 106
Bambang Andrianto, 301
Banh Tien-Long, 169
Bardakova R.A., 47
Bayan E.M., 48, 213
Bayu Abisatya M., 226
Bei-fen Siew, 53
Belenov S.V., 193
Belov A.A., 212
Belyak O.A., 49, 50, 264
Belyankova T. I., 51, 52

Moguchih E.A., 182
Morozova J.V., 229
Morshneva I.V., 36
Moysa M.O., 183
Muhyin, 184
Mukesh Kumar Roy, 124
Mun Ki Bae, 132, 304
Muratov A.V., 297
Nadegda Glushko, 44
Nagaenko A. V., 141, 183
Nakagaito A. N., 185
Nao-Aki Noda, 53, 221, 306
Nasedkin A.V., 152, 186, 257
Nassar M.E., 186
Natalia V. Petrovskaya, 187
Naumenko D.V., 112, 172
Nazarenko A.V., 188, 309
Nedin R.D., 190
Nemchenko I.V., 191
Nesterov S.A., 192, 288
Nevelskaya A.K., 193
Nguyen Duc-Toan, 169
Nguyen Phu Thuong Luu, 194
Nguyen Van Dung, 195
Nikiforova N.A., 39
Nikolaev A. L., 170, 197, 232
Nicholas Kiprotich Cheruiyot, 87
Nick Yanie, 125
Nikitenko D.V., 155
Nikulin A.Y., 206
Nikulina A.A., 120
Nizhnik D.A., 236, 256
Noda N.A., 40, 139, 197, 265, 280
Novikov E.S., 159
Novikova A.I., 287
Oganesyan P.A., 255
Olekhnovich N.M., 220
Onyshko D.A., 114 – 117, 191, 199, 200, 202,
334

Berestneva Yu.V., 223, 297
Bespoludin V.V., 213
Biao Wang, 53
Biryukova I.V., 250
Bobreva L.A., 273
Bocharova O. V., 53
Boev E.V., 174, 175
Bogachev I.V., 54 – 56
Bogatin A. S., 57
Boldyrev N.A., 58, 141, 142, 251
Bondar A., 114
Boris V. Bondarev, 60, 61
Boris I. Mitrin, 237
Bowen C.R., 278
Boyev N.V., 62
Brazhnikov V.A., 63
Budi Witjaksana, 64
Bunin I. Zh., 65
Bunin M.A., 247
Buravchuk N. I., 66, 69
Bush A.A., 267
Chang S.-H., 76 – 78, 101
Chang-Wook Park, 73, 262
Chao-Hong Liu, 303, 305
Chebakov M.I., 73, 74
Chebanenko V.A., 45, 76, 253 – 255,
257, 312
Chen D., 197
Cherenok S.R., 217
Chernenko N.E., 75, 95, 106
Cherpakov A.V., 76 – 78, 92, 100 – 104,
244, 245, 260, 314
Chia-Chi Yen, 79
Chien-Liang Chiu
Chih-Chin Chuang, 85
Chih Chin Yang, 80, 81, 83
Chih-Feng Yen, 179
Chin-Feng Lin, 85
Chin Ko Yeh, 86, 126
Chitsan Lin, 31, 86, 87, 96, 126
Choi J. G., 131
Chou C-C., 220
Chyi-Da Yang, 179
Da-Ying Chou, 79
Daniil O. Nepryakhin, 88

204, 211, 217 – 219, 234, 272,
281, 298
Oskolkova O.N., 223
Osotova O. I., 123
Padun O.M., 223
Palatnikov M.N., 98, 239, 249, 250, 273
Palchikov A.A., 182
Panfilov I.A., 196, 256, 257
Pankaj Koinkar, 205, 302
Paperj K.O., 182, 206
Parinov I.A., 76 – 78, 89, 100 – 104, 180, 260,
269, 312
Parinova L.I., 289
Parshina N.V., 173
Pavel Akishin, 111
Pavel A. Oganesyan, 43, 45
Pavel Vasilevsky, 165
Pavelko A.A., 207, 312
Pavlenko A.V., 136, 188, 207 – 209, 261, 275, 313
Pavlets A.C., 210
Pei-Ju Chao, 303, 305
Petrenko D.V., 211
Petrov A.N., 175, 212
Petrov V.V., 48, 213
Petrukhina T.A., 214
Pianov A.E., 215
Pilipenko E.A., 122
Piskunov A. S., 216
Po Cheng Ke, 265
Poddubny A.A., 74
Podkolzina L.A., 291
Polupanov N.V., 46
Poluyan A.Yu., 219
Polyakov V.V., 213
Polyakova N.M., 214
Ponomarev A.A., 200
Popov V.D., 222
Poryadina N.A., 236
Priyoto, 233
Purchina O. A., 63, 114 – 117, 140, 151, 153, 191,
199, 200, 202, 204, 211, 215, 217– 219, 234, 272, 281, 298
Pushkarev A.V., 220
Putri E. P., 66, 69
Radyush Y.V., 220335

Danilchenko D.A., 73
Davydova A.A., 223, 297
Denis Ermakov, 105
Denis V. Krasnov, 41
Denisova A. O., 277
Deog-Hee Doh, 178
Derkun A.V., 253
Dian-Min Lin, 79
Dikrie Alief Zaini, 311
Dmitry K. Nadolin, 43
Dmitry Telyshev, 165, 166
Dneprovski V.G., 89
Do Thanh Binh, 253 – 255, 257
Dodonov M.V., 171
Dong-Ho Yang, 90
Drobotov Yu.E., 35, 91 – 93, 216, 282,
283, 314 - 316
Dudkina S.I., 94, 141, 142, 154, 243
Dukhan D.D., 95
Duy-Hieu Nguyen, 96
Dwi Yuli Rakhmawati, 125, 184, 301
Edi Santoso, 97
Efremov V.V., 98, 238
Egorochkina I.O., 99 – 104, 245
Elisa Sulistyorini, 263
Elizaveta Smirnova, 165
Endija Namsone, 105
Eremenko M.M., 75, 95, 106
Eresko A.B., 297
Erni Puspanantasari Putri, 107 – 110, 292
Ershin V. A., 158
Eugenia Davydova, 165
Evgenia Kirillova, 45
Evgeniy V. Sadyrin, 237
Evgeny Barkanov, 111
Ezhova O.A., 112, 172
Fahreza Rukmana Witjaksono, 184
Faiz Muhammad Azhari, 233
Fajar Romadhon, 230
Fedorov A.V., 217
Fedotov A.A., 231
Feng-Chun Lee, 268
Filimonov A.V., 150
Fomenko S.I., 113, 121
Fugarov D. D., 63, 114 – 117, 140, 151,

Raevskaya S.I., 157, 158, 220, 246
Raevski I.P., 157, 158, 220, 246
Rahimah Abdul Rafar, 221, 306
Rakhmatulin A. Sh., 222
Raksha E.V., 223, 297
Rasteryaev N.V., 63, 140, 151, 153, 215
Reshetnikova E. A., 224
Reshetnyak O.S., 225
Reshetnyak V.N., 225
Retno Hastijanti R.A., 226
Revina S.V., 227
Reznichenko L.A., 37 – 39, 94, 141, 142, 154,
183, 207, 240, 241, 243, 275,
312
Reznitchenko L.А., 317
Rezvan A.A., 148, 228, 229
Ri-ichi Murakami, 230б 304
Risma Marleno, 126, 230
Romadhon, 64
Rozhkov E, V., 76
Rudyk N.N., 231
Ryabov A.S., 227
Sadyrin E. V., 232, 257
Sajiyo, 233
Sano Y., 40, 139, 197, 265, 280
Sarychev D. A., 158
Saveliev D.A., 202
Savoskin M.V., 223, 297
Savriddinov F.D., 234
Sedov A. V., 53
Semenchatenko I.V., 235
Senichev A.V., 287
Seong-Jae Park, 164, 236
Serebryanaya I.A., 99, 236, 245
Sergei M. Aizikovich, 36, 237
Sergei Selishchev, 165, 166
Sergei S. Volkov, 36
Shakhanov R.I., 244
Sharapov N.A., 46
Shcherban' E.M., 260
Shcherbina O.B., 98, 238, 239
Sheng Min Huang, 179
Shevtsova S.I., 220
Shih-Ming Wang, 268
Shihova E.P., 157
336

153, 191, 199, 200, 202,
204, 211, 215, 217 – 219,
234, 272, 281, 298
Gao G., 280
Gavrishchakin G.D., 134, 135
Gayduchik A.V., 199
Gede Sarya, 230
Geguzina G.A., 118
Geldash A.A., 284
Glazer A.M., 246
Glazunova E.V., 120, 122, 141, 223, 297
Glushkov E.V., 121
Glushkova N.V., 121
Gnatovskaya V.V., 223
Golda A.V., 293
Golub M.V., 113
Gorbenko Ie. Ie., 122
Grigoryev M.V., 212
Guan-Fan Chen, 79
Guryanov A.V., 123, 231
Guryanova О. V., 66, 69
Guterman V.E., 210
Gyanendra Pratap Singh, 124
Han M. S., 143
Hanie Teki Tjendani, 125, 126
Hari Susanto, 230
Haris Muhamadun, 233
Harjo Seputro, 176
Herry Widhiarto, 301
Hiroyuki Tsurumaru, 221, 306
Hsueh Chen Shen, 86, 126
Hudhiyantoro, Budi Santoso, 164
Hung Yeh Lin, 80
Hung-Yu Wang, 265, 303, 305
I-Hsing Tsai, 303, 30
I Made Kastiawan, 127
I Nyoman Sutantra, 127
Ichlas Wahid, 97, 128
Igumnov L.А., 174
Il’in O.I., 123, 231
Il’ina M.V., 123, 231
Inui Y., 139
Ipatov А.А., 128
Irina Gulyaeva, 33
Isaeva A. N., 129, 278

Shilkina L.A., 94, 141, 142, 240, 241, 243, 275
Shilova N. V., 162
Shilyaeva O.V., 77, 78, 244,
Shin D.S., 258
Shiryaeva E. V., 286
Shlyahova S.A., 157
Shlyakhova E.A., 99 – 104, 245
Shpak A.N., 113
Shpanko S.P., 57, 247
Shu-Yuan Lin, 79
Shun-Hsyung Chang, 81, 83, 85, 179
Shuvaeva V.A., 246
Shyh-An Yeh, 305
Sidashov A.V., 159
Siddhant Dhongade, 205, 304
Sidorenko E.N., 57, 247, 248
Sidorov N.V., 249, 250, 273
Siew B., 139
Silcheva A.G., 136
Silin M. Yu., 158
Sliva A.A., 293
Simachkova G.A., 246
Sitalo E.I., 58, 251, 252, 312
Sizov V.P., 181
Smirnov M.V., 249
Smirnov V.A., 46, 276
Smotrakov V.G., 247, 252
Solodovnik M. S., 75, 95, 106
Soloviev A.N., 76 – 78, 196, 253 – 257, 294
Song M. K., 143, 258
Soo-Jeong Park, 90, 132, 133, 164, 236, 259, 274
Sri Astutik, 64
Starchenko I.B., 144, 156, 294
Stel'makh S.A., 260
Storozhenko V.Yu., 48
Stryukov D.V., 261
Suei Chamg Wu, 126
Suh J., 258
Sukhov P.V., 223
Sukon Aduldaecha, 107, 108
Sung-Won Yoon, 73, 262
Sung-Youl Bae, 90, 263
Supardi, 263
Sutikno, 127
Suvorova T.V., 50, 264337

Ismail, 311
Ivan A. Parinov, 81, 83, 85
Ivanov А. Е., 44
Jang T. H., 131
Jenny Chih-Yu Lee, 179
Jenny Lee C.-Y., 104, 244
Jeong-Hyo Hong, 132
Jeong Wan Kim, 132
Jeong-Woong Hong, 178
Jia-Yu Chen, 305
Jin-Cheol Ha, 133
Jityaev I.L., 134, 135
Joko Santoso, 282
Jung J.H., 258
Jung-Ting Hsieh, 305
Kai A., 280
Kaidashev E.M., 137, 138, 163, 197
Kalinchuk V. V., 51, 52, 53
Kalinin V.A., 137, 138
Kamentsev K.E., 267
Kara-Murza S.V., 136
Karapetyan G.Ya., 137, 138, 163
Katsumoto Y., 185
Kawano R., 139
Kaydashev V. E., 137, 163
Kazimirov N.I., 114
Kazmenko M.I., 140
Kazmina M. A., 197
Kevin Firnanda M., 311
Khabarova I.A., 65
Khabibulla Abdullin, 33
Khakhulin D.A., 284
Khanazaryan A.D., 113
Khasbulatov S.V., 141, 142, 240, 241,
243
Kim J.D., 143, 144, 258
Kim J.E., 143, 258
Kim J.S., 144
Kim T.G., 131
Kirichenko I.A., 144
Kirillova E., 254
Kirtan K. Sahu, 145
Kiseleva L.I., 312
Kislitsyn V.O., 137, 138
Klimin V.S., 148, 228, 229, 284

Svetlichnyi A.M., 134, 135
Swain M. V., 232
Ta-Chi Jeang, 265
Tabachkova N.Yu., 210
Tae Gyu Kim, 132, 304
Takagi H., 185
Takaki R., 197, 265
Takase Y., 197, 265
Takata K., 40
Talanov M.V., 266, 267
Tamarkin M.A., 196
Tang Z., 157
Taran V.M., 171
Tatarinov A.M., 121
Tekhtelev Yu.V., 136
Te-Jen Su, 268, 269
Tejkaran Narolia, 269
Temnenko V.A., 272
Teplyakova N.A., 249, 250, 273
Ter-Oganessian N.V., 209
Terekhin A. I., 224
Terehov V.V., 116
Tianyu yu, 132, 274
Timoshchenko G.K., 309
Tisno Subroto, 125
Titov R.A., 250
Titov S.V., 275
Titov V.V., 157, 158, 220, 246, 275
Tiwi Sri Rejeki, 164
Tominov R.V., 276
Topolov V.Yu., 129, 277, 278
Tottori H., 280
Triger E.V., 39
Trofimenko A.D., 117Тroitskaya E.P., 122
Tsair-Fwu Lee, 79, 265, 303, 305
Tsung-Ying Li, 269
Tukodova O. M., 51, 52
Tzung-Shiarn Pan, 269
Ugrovatov K. M., 281
Uniek Praptiningrum, W, 282
Vakulov B. G., 92, 282, 283
Vakulov Z.E., 284,
Varavka V.N., 159
Varzarev Yu.N., 213
338

Klunnikova Yu.V., 149, 150
Kolesnik D.A., 294
Kolomiitsev A.S., 134, 135
Kolosova E.M., 74
Kompaniets A.A., 151
Kondratyev D.E., 115
Korchikova N.V., 136
Kornievsky A.S., 152
Korolenko S.V., 153
Kostetskaya G. S., 283
Kotov V.V., 294
Kotova A.A., 47
Kots I.N., 228
Kovalenko M. I., 154
Kovalets A.I., 134, 135
Kozmin A.A., 163
Krasnyakova T.V., 155
Kravchuk D.A., 144, 156
Kubrin S.P., 157, 158, 220
Kudryakov O.V., 159
Kunshina G.B., 238
Kurakin L.G., 160 – 162
Kurdoglyan A.V., 160
Kutepov M.E., 137, 138, 163
Kyo-Moon Lee, 164, 236
Lagoyda S.O., 218
Laksono Djoko Nugroho, 164
Le Thi Hieu, 87
Lednov A.S., 257
Lee S.J., 258
Lesnyak O. N., 44, 256, 294
Levan Ichkitidze, 165, 166
Levi G.Yu., 168
Lin C.-F., 77, 78
Lisnevskaya I.V., 163, 169, 224
Litvinchuk S.Yu., 128
Liu X., 139
Liu Y.-M., 103, 244
Luyen The-Thanh, 169
Lyanguzov N.V., 197, 232
Lyasnikova A. V., 170, 171
Lysenko I.A., 161
Lysenko I. E., 112, 172
Lysenko S.A., 161
Mac Thi-Bich, 169

Vasiliev A.S., 232, 257
Vasilev A. V., 286
Vasiliev P. V., 287
Vatulyan A. O., 56, 288, 289
Velibekov D.V., 290
Ventsov N.N., 291
Verbenko I.A., 94, 120, 122, 141, 142, 155, 223,
275, 297
Victor Petrov, 33
Victoria Aurellia Sri Paramita Putri, 109, 110, 292
Vijay K. Gupta, 145, 269
Vishnevetskiy V. Yu, 293, 294
Vislousova I.N., 294
Vladislav Gamaleev, 295
Voitash A.A., 297
Volkov D.A., 298
Volkova G.K., 223
Volkova M.G., 48
Voloshchenko P.Yu., 299, 300
Voloshchenko Yu.P., 299, 300
Vorovich E. I., 51, 52
Vovchenko D.V., 117
Vu Thi Lan Anh, 195, 196
Wang B., 139, 265
Wang J.-P., 260
Wang S., 265
Wateno Oetomo, 64, 126, 301
Wahyu Solafide, 230
Wei-Chun Lin, 79
Wisanukorn Lukkhasorn, 86, 87, 126
Wu Kejun, 302
Xi Liu, 53
Xuchen Zheng, 221, 306
Yang C.-C., 76, 104
Yang C.-D., 100, 102
Yang-Wei Hsieh, 303
Yeh M.-Y., 100, 102
Yi Tseng Li, 83
Yogina D.V., 232
Young Woo Kwon, 304
Yoshihiro Deguchi, 178
Yoshikazu Sano, 53, 221, 306
Yu-Hao Chiu, 303, 305
Yu Hsuan Hsu, 81
Yu-Jie Huang, 303
339

Maksyukov S.Yu., 232
Malitskaya M.A., 157, 158, 220, 246
Malyshev I. V., 173
Malysheva I. S., 174
Malyukov S.P., 150
Marakhovskiy M.A., 247
Markov I. P., 174, 175
Martynenko A.A., 207
Masaru Hori, 295
Masloboeva S.M., 239
Matrosov A.A., 47, 235, 236, 256, 290,
294
Maula Nafi, 97, 128, 176
Melnikova I. P., 170
Miakisheva O.A., 121
Michael Swain, 44
Michael Yu. Zhukov, 88
Migal Yu.F., 176
Mikhail Belodedov, 166
Mikhail Savelev, 165
Mikhailova I.B., 168
Min-He Zhan, 79
Min Yen Yeh, 179
Minasyan T.A., 137, 163
Miroshnichenko I.P., 180, 181
Mitchenko S.A., 155
MURAI K. I., 332

OISHI M., 333
Yu Liang Hsiao, 81, 83
Yu Tianyu, 164, 236
Yudai Taruya, 221, 306
Yudin A. S., 307, 308
Yun-Hae Kim, 90, 132, 133, 164, 236, 259, 263,
274
Yurasov Yu.I., 188, 223, 297, 309
Yuto Inui, 53
Zabiyaka I.Yu., 159
Zainun Achmad, 311
Zakharov Yu.N., 312
Zau Wen Kuo, 86
Zhidel K.M., 136, 313
Zhmaylov P.Yu., 204
Zhuang J., 157
Zhuravlev G.A., 93, 314 - 316
Zifeng S., 40
Zi-Hao Wang, 79
Zih-Xiang Su, 303
Zixuan Chen, 274
Zong Hsien Wu, 81, 83
Zubarev J. Y., 317
Zubkov S.V., 318 – 321
Zubova T.A., 148
Zulfiqar Ali, 31
2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

Participating Countries and Organizations
Australia-

University of Sydney, Sydney

Belarus-

Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus, Minsk

China
-

Chengdu University, Chengdu
College of Engineering, Dali University, Dali, Yunan
340

-

Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education,
International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic and Information
Engineering, Xi'An Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi
School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, Shanghai

Egypt
-

Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf

Germany-

RheinMain University of Applied Sciences, Wiesbaden

India
-

Natural Science Discipline, PDPM, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and
Manufacturing Jabalpur, Madhya PradeshIndonesia-

Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran (UPN
Veteran) East Java, Surabaya
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 (UNTAG) Surabaya
Departement of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut
Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya
Design and Construction Department, Surabaya State Polytechnic of Shipping, Surabaya
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
Institute Teknologi Sumatera, Lampung Selatan

Japan
-

Centre for Low Temperature Plasma Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu
Department of Optical Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima
Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima
Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University,
Tokushima

Kazakhstan- Al Farabi Kazakh National University, National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Open Type,
AlmatyLatvia341

-Institute of Materials and Structures, Riga Technical University, Riga

Republic of Korea-

Busan Machinery Research Center, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials, Busan
Center of Ceramic Fiber Commercialization, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering andTechnology, Busan
Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd., Busan
Department. of Marine Equipment Engineering, Graduate School, Korea Maritime andOcean University, Busan
Department of Ocean Advanced Materials Convergence Engineering, Korea Maritime andOcean University, Busan
Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan
Department of Nanomechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan
Division of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan
Division of Marine Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan
Division of Refrigeration & Air-conditioning Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, BusanElectro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute,
Ansan
Graduate School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan
Korea Marine Equipment Research Institute, Busan
Laser Advanced Machining Support Center, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan
Ocean Science and Technology School, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan
Research Institute of Medium & Shipbuilding, Busan
R&D Center, Control Factory, Busan

Russia- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow- Chemistry Department, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia- Department of Construction and Technology of Electronic Devices, Southern Federal
University, Taganrog- Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Don State Technical University,
Rostov-on-Don- Department of Mechanics of Composite Materials and Structures, Perm National Research
Polytechnic University, Perm
- Department of Nanotechnologies and Microsystems, Southern Federal University, Taganrog- Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don- Engineering Technological Academy, Southern Federal University, Taganrog- Faculty of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don- Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective
Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Volgograd- Yu. A. Gagarin State Technical University, Saratov
342

-Hydrochemical Institute of Roshydromet, Rostov-on-Don
Institute of Biomedical Systems of National Research University of Electronic Technology“MIET”, Moscow
Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State
Medical University, Moscow
Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources of the Russian Academy of
Sciences (IPKON RAS), Moscow
Institute of Earth Sciences, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
Institute of High Technology and Piezo Technic, Southern Federal University, Rostov-onDon
Institute for Mathematics, Mechanics and Informatics, Kuban State University, Krasnodar
Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal
University, Taganrog
Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
LLC STC “RUS”, Saint-Petersburg
Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny
National Research University of Electronic Technology (Moscow Institute of Electronic
Technology MIET), Moscow
National University of Science and Technology «MISIS», Moscow
OKB RITM, Taganrog
OOO "Parametrica", Taganrog
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg
Petrozavodsk State University, Petrozavodsk
M.I. Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk
Research and Education Center "Materials”, Don State Technical University, Rostov-onDon
Research and Education Centre “Microsystem Technics and Multisensor Monitoring
Systems”, Southern Federal University, Taganrog
Research and Education Mathematical Center “Mathematics for Future Technologies”,
Nizhny Novgorod
Research Institute for Mechanics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of
Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod
Research Institute of Physics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
Research Institute of Solid-State Electronics Materials, Russian Technological University(RTU MIREA), Moscow
Research and Technology Unit, FKU NPO "STiS" MIA Russia, Rostov-on-Don
RITVERC JSC, St. Petersburg
Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don
Rostov State Transport University, Rostov-on-Don
Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don
Southern Mathematical Institute of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian
Academy of Sciences, Vladikavkaz
Southern Scientific Centre RAS, Rostov-on-Don
St. Petersburg Academic University RAS, St. Petersburg
343

-

I.V. Tananaev Institute of Chemistry – Subdivision of the Federal Research Centre «Kola
Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences», Apatity
Water Problems Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

Taiwan-Chang Gung University College of Medicine, KaohsiungCollege of Maritime, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology,
Kaohsiung- Department of Business Management, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science andTechnology, Kaohsiung- Department of Electronic Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Sciences andTechnology, Kaohsiung- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of
Science and Technology, Kaohsiung- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Scienceand Technology, Taipei- Department of Microelectronics Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung- Department of Naval Architecture Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Scienceand Technology, Kaohsiung- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Nutrition, Hung-Kuang University,
Taichung- Department of Orthopedic, Kaohsiung Municipal Min-Sheng Hospital, Kaohsiung- Department of Radiation Oncology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung- Medical Physics and Informatics Laboratory of Electronics Engineering, National
Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei- PhD program in Biomedical Engineering, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung- Tygood Cosmos Vital Force Technology Corporation
Thailand-Faculty of Business Administration and Accountancy, Khon Kaen University (KKU), Khon
Kaen-

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, BathDepartment of Physics, Oxford University, Parks Road, Oxford

UK

Ukraine344

-A.A. Galkin Physics and Technology Institute, Donetsk
A.A.Galkin Institute for Physics and Engineering, Donetsk
Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Donetsk
L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physical Organic and Coal Chemistry, Donetsk
Lugansk National Agrarian University, Lugansk
Lugansk Taras Shevchenko State University, Lugansk

Vietnam--

Department of Automotive Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology(HUTECH), Ho Chi Minh City
Faculty of Environmental, Hanoi University of Mining and Geology, Hanoi
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Haiphong University, Haiphong City
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Hung yen University of Technology and Education,
Hung yen
School of Mechanical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi
City

345

K

2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

SCHEDULE OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
ON “PHYSICS AND MECHANICS OF NEW MATERIALS AND THEIRAPPLICATIONS” (PHENMA 2020), March 26−29, 2021

On/Offline Presentaion
 Presentation Instrument: Zoom
 Presentation Room No.: Meeting Room 1, Meeting Room 2, Meeting Room 3, Meeting Room 4
Date
15:00~18:00

March 26 (On/Offline Schedule)
Registration- On/Offline Registration Check(UTC+9)Date

March 27 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 1)
Opening Ceremony
Cairperson: N.A. Noda
Opening- Prof. N.A. Noda, Organizer of PHENMA2020
2. Welcome Address- Yun-Hae Kim (Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Korea)
3. Congrats Address- I.A. Parinov (Southern Federal University, Russia)- S.-H Chang (National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan)
1.

15:00~15:20(UTC+9)Plenary Speech
15:20~15:45(UTC+9)Effects of Water pH and Immersion Time on Water
Absorption Behavior and Mechanical Properties ofCarbon Fiber Reinforced Bio Plastic Composites

Ri-ichi Murakami(Chengdu University, China)
anewmoon816@gmail.com

15:45~16:00

Break(UTC+9)Keynote Speech
Chairperson: Genji Hotta

16:00~16:25(UTC+9)16:25~16:50(UTC+9)

A.V. Lyasnikova(Don State Technical University,
Russia)lyasnikovaav@mail.ru
Cheng-Fu Yang
(National University of Kaohsiung,Taiwan)cfyang@nuk.edu.tw

16:50~17:00

Improving the Functional Characteristics of
Biocompatible Coatings of Bone Implants due to
Modification of the Initial Powders
Mechanism of Growth ZnO Nanowires andApplication
Break(UTC+9)General Presentation
Session A-1
17:00~17:15

Pankaj Koinkar

Chairperson: Pankaj Koinkar
Cotrolling the Optoelectrical Properties of Two-346

(UTC+9)Invited Speech
17:15~17:25(UTC+9)17:25~17:35(UTC+9)17:35~17:45(UTC+9)17:45~17:55(UTC+9)(Tokushima University, Japan)
koinkar@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Chih Chin Yang
(National Kaohsiung University of
Science and Technology, Taiwan)
chchyang@nkust.edu.tw
I.V. Bogachev(Southern Federal University,
Russia)bogachev89@yandex.ru
Jeong-Wan Kim(Pusan National University, Korea)
tgkim@pusan.ac.kr
Biao Wang(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Japan)
gongliwangbiao@163.com

17:55~18:05

Dimensional Nanostructures Prepared by Laser
Ablation in Liquid
Respiration Sensing Devices Based on Indium
Nitride p-n Heterostructure on Silicon Porous
Substrate
On the Identification of the Characteristics ofFunctional-Gradient Plates in the Framework of theKirchhoff and Timoshenko Models
MgF2 Nanoparticle Coating to Improve theEfficiency of Light Hazzard in DSLR Cameras
Nut Height Effect on Anti-Loosening Performanceof Pitch Difference Bolt Nut Connections
Break(UTC+9)General Presentation
Session A-2
18:05~18:20(UTC+9)Invited Speech
18:20~18:30(UTC+9)18:30~18:40(UTC+9)18:40~18:50(UTC+9)18:50~19:00(UTC+9)Date

17:00~17:15(UTC+9)Invited Speech
17:15~17:25(UTC+9)Chairperson: Soo-Jeong Park
Soo-Jeong Park
Reinforcing Effects of CNT Nanofiller for(Korea Maritime and Ocean
Enhancing the Interfacial Bonding Strength of
University, Korea)
Filament Wound FRP Composites
blue9069@naver.com
Noriko Tutsumi
Effect of Hydrogen on Fracture Mechanism in(Oita University, Japan)
Tensile Test of Carbon Steels
tsutsumi-noriko@oita-u.ac.jp
N.V. Andros(Southern Federal University,
Occurrence of 3D Periodic Convective Flows in a
Russia)Vertical Layer with Moving Boundaries
andross@mail.ru
Ta-Chi Jeang(National Kaohsiung University of
A Novel Universal Voltage-Mode Inverse Filter for
Science and Technology, Taiwan)
Signal Processing
hywang@nkust.edu.tw
Kinjirou Saito
Special Sliding Door with Storable Handrail to(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Support Senior and Handicapped Persons to Walk
Japan)by Themselves
saito.h2e.kinjiro@jp.nipponsteel.com

March 27 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 2)
General Presentation
Session B-1
Chairperson: Sung-Youl Bae
Sung-Youl Bae(Korea Institute of Ceramic
A Study on Structural Design and Analysis of 18ft
Engineering and Technology,
CFRP Leisure Boad
Korea)
bsy@kicet.re.kr
A Case Study: Application of Business Process ReErni Puspanantasari Putri(University of 17 Agustus 1945)
Engineering in the Company

347

17:25~17:35(UTC+9)17:35~17:45(UTC+9)17:45~17:55(UTC+9)Yu-Hao Chiu
(National Kaohsiung University ofApplied Sciences, Taiwan)
sayeh@outlook.com
Young-Woo Kwon
(Pusan National University, Korea)
tgkim@pusan.ac.kr
V.A. Chebanenko(Federal Research Center “Southern
Scientific Center of the Russian
Academy of Sciences”, Russia)
valera.chebanenko@yandex.ru

17:55~18:05

Using Supervised Learning Algorithms to Predict the
Risk of Thyroid Damage for Head and Neck Cancer
Patients after Radiation Therapy
A Study on the Micro/Nano Texture Design to
Improve the Friction Properties of DLC Thin Films
Applied Theory of Bending Vibrations of a Bimorph
with Two Active Composite Piezomagnetoelectric
LayersBreak(UTC+9)General Presentation
Session B-2
18:05~18:20(UTC+9)Invited Speech
18:20~18:30(UTC+9)18:30~18:40(UTC+9)18:40~18:50(UTC+9)18:50~19:00(UTC+9)Date

17:00~17:15(Invited Speech)
17:15~17:25

17:25~17:35

Chairperson: Ji-Eon Kim
Ji-Eon Kim
A Study on the Removal of Paint and Oxide Layer(Korea Maritime and Ocean
on the Steel Surface by Laser Beam Scanning
University, Korea)
Methodwldjs010@naver.com
Duy-Hieu Nguyen
Investigating the Effectiveness of Shore-Line Power(National Kaohsiung University ofUsing AERMOD Model under the Aspect of Ship
Applied Sciences, Taiwan)
Emission
ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
Hisanori Tottori
Development of Multi-Layered Sewer Pipe Plug (Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Ruptured Test and Stress Analysis of Pretective
Japan)
Sheet
tottori.hisanori731@mail.kyutech.jp
Jeong-Hyo HongExperimental Study on Mechanical Properties of(Korea Maritime and Ocean
Sandwich Composites with Integrating Auxetic-Core
University, Korea)
Structure Using FDM 3D Printersea0628@naver.com
A.N. Isaeva
Piezoelectric Sensitivity and Anisotropy in 1−3 Type
(Southern Federal University,
Composites Based on Ferroelectric Lead-Free Single
Russia)Crystalsisaeva.ashura@yandex.ru

March 27 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 3)
General Presentation
Session C-1
Chairperson: Chitsan Lin
Chitsan Lin
Using a Novel Graphene-Ceramic Composite(National Kaohsiung University ofmaterial in the Adsorption of Aromatic Volatile
Applied Sciences, Taiwan)
Organic Compounds
ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
Stress Intensity Factors of Interfacial Crack
Kazuhiro Oda(Oita University, Japan)
Associated with Different Interface Edheoda-kazuhiro@oita-u.ac.jp
Singularities
Sung-Won Yoon
(Research Institute of Medium &Lamination Design for Composite Material
Shipbuilding, Korea)
Application of Ship Radar Mast
swyoon@rims.re.kr348

17:35~17:45(UTC+9)17:45~17:55(UTC+9)A.N. Isaeva(Southern Federal University,
Russia)isaeva.ashura@yandex.ru
Yudai Taruya(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Japan)
q104070y@mail.kyutech.jp

17:55~18:05

Figures of Merit of Novel Piezo-Active Lead-Free
Composites
Experimental Verification for Interfacial Creep
Generation for Shrink-fitted Bimetallic Work Roll byUsing Miniature Rolling Mill
Break

(UTC+9)General Presentation
Session C-2
18:05~18:20(UTC+9)Invited Speech
18:20~18:30(UTC+9)18:30~18:40(UTC+9)18:40~18:50(UTC+9)18:50~19:00(UTC+9)Date

17:00~17:15(UTC+9)Invited Speech
17:15~17:25(UTC+9)17:25~17:35(UTC+9)17:35~17:45(UTC+9)Chairperson: Tae-Hwan Jang
Tae-Hwan Jang
Multi-Layer Thin Film Deposition for High(Pusan National University, Korea)
Performance X-Ray Field Emission Characteristics
taehwan110@hanmail.net
Te-Jen Su(National Kaohsiung University of
A Neural Network Analysis to The Risk Factors of
Sciences and Technology, Taiwan)
Type 2 Diabetes
sutj@kuas.edu.tw
Proportional Method for Evaluating Intensity of
Tatsujiro Miyazaki(University of the Ryukyus, Japan)
Singular Stress Field for Butt Joint with Adhesive
t-miya@tec.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
Spew
Rahimah Abdul Rafar
Effect of Shaft’s Rigidity and Motor Torque on(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Interfacial Slip for Shrink-fitted Bimetallic Work
Japan)
Roll
eimah7178@gmail.com
M.K. Song(Korea Maritime and Ocean
Effect of Focal Position on Cut Surface Quality in
University, Korea)
Laser Cutting of 50 mm Thick Stainless Steelmoobburi@hanmail.net

March 27 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 4)General Presentation
Session D-1
Chairperson: Chang-Wook Park
Chang-Wook Park
(Research Institute of Medium &Mechanical Properties of Large-Scale Composite
Shipbuilding, Korea)
Structures according to Process Condition
cwpark@rims.re.kr
Rahimah Abdul Rafar
Effect of Driving Torque on Interfacial Creep(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Generation for Shrink-fitted Bimetallic Work Roll
Japan)
Considering Elastic Deformation of Shaft
eimah7178@gmail.com
Improve the Efficiency of the Patients’ SpecificYang-Wei Hsieh(National Kaohsiung University of Quality Assurance Procedure in Fields’ Optimization
Applied Sciences, Taiwan)
Techniques of the Pencil Beam Linear Scanningtflee@nkust.edu.tw
Proton Theraphy
Yu. E. Drobotov
Evaluation Criteria for the Influence of the Material(Southern Federal University,
Properties of Elastic Cylinders on Their Contact
Russia)Approachyu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru349

17:45~17:55(UTC+9)B.B. Musmade(Savitribain Phule Pune University,
India)
bbmusmade@dypcoeakurdi.ac.in

17:55~18:05

Robust Sliding Mode Control of Uncertain Nonlinear
Systems
Break(UTC+9)General Presentation
Session D-2
18:05~18:20(UTC+9)Invited Speech
18:20~18:30(UTC+9)18:30~18:40(UTC+9)18:40~18:50(UTC+9)18:50~19:00(UTC+9)Date

15:00~15:25(UTC+9)15:25~15:50(UTC+9)Chairperson: Genji Hotta
Yasushi Takase
Convenient and Accurate Formulas for Stress(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Intensity Factor Distribution of Semi-Elliptical
Japan)
Surface Cracktakase.yasushi415@mail.kyutech.jp
Seong-Jae Park
Effect of Heating Rate on Mechanical Properties of(Korea Maritime and Ocean
Polymer Matrix of Carbon/PEKK Composites in
University, Korea)
Thermoforming Process
kay9601@naver.com
Yu. E. Drobotov
Method for Calculating Stress Concentration in(Southern Federal University,
Elastoplastic Rod with Two Symmetric Hyperbolic
Russia)Recessesyu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
Hsueh Chen Shen(National Kaohsiung University of
A Study on Nitrogen oxides from Coal and Waste
Sciences and Technology, Taiwan)
Tires in Different Proportion of Mixed Burning
ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
K.N. Boldyrev
Infrared Spectra of the CH3NH3PbI3 and(Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian
CH3NH3PbBr3 Hybrid Perovskites: Signatures ofAcademy of Sciences, Russia)
Phase Transitions and of Organic Cation Dynamics
Kn.boldyrev@gmail.com

March 28 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 1)
Keynote Speech
Chairperson: Pankaj Koinkar
N.A. Noda(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Adhesive Strength Evaluation of Scarf Joint by using
Japan)
Intensity of Singular Stress Field (ISSF)
noda.naoaki844@mail.kyutech.jp
M.A. MoreDimensional Materials: Field Emission(S.P. Pune University, India)
Characteristics
mam@physics.unipune.ac.in

15:50~16:00

Break(UTC+9)General Presentation
Session A-3
16:00~16:15(UTC+9)Invited Speech
16:15~16:25(UTC+9)Chairperson: Yu.E. Drobotov
Yu. E. Drobotov(Southern Federal University,
The Variable Order Riesz Potential on Quasimetric
Russia)Sphere in the Variable Exponent Höder Spaceyu.e.drobotov@yandex.ru
Dong-Hun Yang
A Study on Lightweight Design of Ultra High(Korea Maritime and Ocean
Pressure Composite Pressure Vessel for Hydrogen
University, Korea)
Gasdhyang1@hanwha.com

350

16:25~16:35(UTC+9)16:35~16:45(UTC+9)16:45~16:55(UTC+9)16:55~17:05(UTC+9)17:05~17:15(UTC+9)17:15~17:25(UTC+9)17:25~17:35(UTC+9)Wu Kejun(Tokushima University, Japan)
c501738003@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Min Yen Yeh(National Kaohsiung University ofApplied Sciences, Taiwan)
minyen@nkust.edu.tw
Rei Takaki(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Japan)
takaki.rei244@mail.kyutech.jp
Min-Gyu Jeon
(Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, Korea)
Jeon85@kmou.ac.kr
Kei-Ichiro Murai(Tokushima University, Japan)
keimurai@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Erni Puspanantasari Putri(University of 17 Agustus 1945)
Tianyu Yu(Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, Korea)
yutianyukmou@gmail.com

17:35~17:50

Preparation of TiO2-WS2-Au Composite Using
Hydrothermal Synthesis for Photocatalytic Activity
under Visible Light
Preparation of Zinc Silicate Doped with Managanese
Phosphor by Hydrothermal Method
Fractographic Identification of Fracture Origin in
Scarf Joint in Comparison to Butt Joint
Temperature Measurement of Turbulent Flame using
CT-TDLAS (Computed Tomography-Tunable Diode
Laser Absorption Spectroscopy
Fabrication and Evaluation of Ca-Doped SrTiO3
Thermoelectric Materials by Molten Salt Method
Case Study of the Keys to Success of Supply Chain
Management in Company
Experimental and Computational Studies on
Stiffness Properties of Nanoclay-Incorporated FRPs
with Different Nano-Structures
Break(UTC+9)

Closing Ceremony
17:50~18:10(UTC+9)Date

16:00~16:15(UTC+9)Invited Speech
16:15~16:25(UTC+9)16:25~16:35(UTC+9)16:35~16:45(UTC+9)16:45~16:55(UTC+9)1.
2.

Closing address: N.A. Noda, Organizer of PHENMA2020
Summary of PHENMA 2020
Closing Remarks

March 28 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 2)
General Presentation
Session B-3
Chairperson: Antonio Norio Nakagaito
Antonio Norio Nakagaito
Fabrication of Strong Macrofibers from Plant Fiber
(Tokushima University, Japan)
Bundlesnakagaito@tokushima-u.ac.jp
R. Kawano(Kyushu Institue of Technology,
Effect of Pitch Difference and Root Radius on AntiJapan)
Loosening Performance of Bolt Nut Connections
kawano.ryo621@mail.kyutech.jp
J.S. Kim
Comparison of Weldability of Laser and Laser-Arc(Korea Maritime Equipment
Hybrid Welding for Ship Manufacturing Using
Research Institute, Korea)
Environmentally Friendly Aluminum Alloys
jskim@komeri.re.kr
Adeel Ahmad Jamil(National Kaohsiung University of
A Bag of Expressions-Based Method for the
Science and Technology, Taiwan)
Recognition of Vehicle Make and Model
ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
Sumit Patil
Investigation of Electrical Properties of Peald(Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari
Deposited Ti/Al2O3/Al/Si MIM Capacitors
North Maharashtra University,351

16:55~17:05(UTC+9)17:05~17:15(UTC+9)17:15~17:25(UTC+9)Date

16:00~16:15(UTC+9)Invited Speech
16:15~16:25(UTC+9)16:25~16:35(UTC+9)16:35~16:45(UTC+9)16:45~16:55(UTC+9)16:55~17:05(UTC+9)17:05~17:15(UTC+9)17:15~17:25(UTC+9)Date

India)
ammahajan@nmu.ac.in
Chih Chin Yang
(National Kaohsiung University of
Science and Technology, Taiwan)
C107187156@nkust.edu.tw
Edi Santoso(University of 17 Agustus 1945)
Maula Nafi
(University of 17 Agustus 1945)

Capacitance Type p-InN/n-Si Heterostructure
Sensing Devices on Silicon Unpolished Substrate
Effect of Voltage and Current to MIG Welding with
1 mm Filler Diameter to the Mechanical Propertiesof Welded Joints of Commercial SteelMicrostructure and Tensile Stress Analysis on T6
Heat Treated Aluminum-Bottom Ash Coal
Composite made by Squeeze Casting

March 28 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 3)
General Presentation
Session C-3
Chairperson: Jin-Cheol Ha
Corrosion Mechanism and Degradation Behaviour of
Jin-Cheol Ha(Dali University, China)
Basalt Fiber Reinforced Composites in Sulfuric
chnhjc@naver.com
Actid Solution
Ryoichi Saito(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Fatigue Strength Improvement of Roller Chain by
Japan)
Press Pitting Between Pin and Plate
Ryoichi.Saito@senqcia.com
I.V. Bogachev(Southern Federal University,
Modeling of Biological Tissues Taking into AccountRussia)the Residual Stressbogachev89@yandex.ru
Chin Ko Yeh
Using Activated Quantum Reagent to Transform the(National Kaohsiung University of
Quality of Poultry and Animal Manure and its
Science and Technology, Taiwan)
Recycling
ctlin@nkust.edu.tw
Swati Gupta(Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari
Sol-Gel Deposited Xerogel, Aerogel and Porogen
North Maharashtra University,
based Porous Low-K Thin Films: A Comparative
India)
Investigation
ammahajan@nmu.ac.in
M.R. Aridi(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Effect of the Residual Stress to the Fatigue Failure ofJapan)
the Bimetallic Roll in 4-High Rolling Mill
radz7cr@gmail.com
Siddhant Dhongade
Liquid Exfoliation of Graphene Oxide Nanoribbons(Tokushima University, Japan)
using Chemical Assisted Laser Ablation
c501848001@tokushima-u.ac.jp
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Analysis
Ichlas Wahid
of Heated Aluminum-2042 with Variation of Aging(University of 17 Agustus 1945)
Temperature and Aging Time

March 28 (Online Schedule-Meeting Room 4)General Presentation
Session D-3
Chairperson: K.N. Boldyrev352

16:00~16:15(UTC+9)Invited Speech
16:15~16:25(UTC+9)16:25~16:35(UTC+9)16:35~16:45(UTC+9)16:45~16:55(UTC+9)16:55~17:05(UTC+9)17:05~17:15(UTC+9)17:15~17:25(UTC+9)Date
15:00~18:00(UTC+9)K.N. Boldyrev(Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian
Academy of Sciences, Russia)
Kn.boldyrev@gmail.com
V.Yu. Topolov(Southern Federal University,
Russia)vutopolov@sfedu.ru
Kyo-Moon Lee(Korea Maritime and Ocean
University, Korea)
world1994@nate.com
Te-Jen Su(National Kaohsiung University of
Sciences and Technology, Taiwan)
sutj@kuas.edu.tw
Hisanori Tottori(Kyushu Institute of Technology,
Japan)
tottori.hisanori731@mail.kyutech.jp
Masatsugu Oishi(Tokushima University, Japan)
ooishi.masatsugu@tokushimau.ac.jp
Hanie Teki Tjendani(University of 17 Agustus 1945)
R.A. Retno Hastijanti(University of 17 Agustus 1945)

Photochromic Effects in P- and B-doped Diamond
Piezoelectric Sensitivity of Modern Lead-Free 1−3Type Composites Based on Domain-Engineered
Single Crystals: Longitudinal and Hydrostatic
Responses
Quantifying of the Internal Defects Content in CFPEKK through Water Absorption Behavior
Particle Swarm Optimization Implementation on theFault Diagnosis of Gearbox
Development of Multi-Layered Sewer Piper PulugTensile Strength of Protective Sheet
Local Electronic and Atomic Structures of the Mixed
B-Site Ions in SrFe1-xMnxO3-δ Studied with X-ray
Absorption Spectrosocpy
A System Dynamics Approach to Risk Mitigation in
Performance-Based Contract Projects
Eco-Friendly Electric Tourism Boat Design for
Prone Rivers

March 29 (On/Offline Schedule)
Offline Presentation/Technical Tour through Online

353

K

2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanicsof New Materials and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)
Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26 – 29, 2021

Offline Conference Venue
 Local Secretariat of the Conference
Address: Dr. Yasushi Takase, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1, Sensuicho, Tobata, Kitakyushu-city, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
Fax: Dr. Yasushi Takase, +81-93-871-8591,
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology
Phone: Nao-Aki Noda, +81-93-871-3124
E-mail: takase.yasushi415@mail.kyutech.jp
 General Secretariat of the Conference
E-mail: parinov_ia@mail.ru
Web-site: http://phenma2020.sfedu.ru/
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PHENMA2020/
 Locate Map

354

355

Scientific publication

2020 International Conference
on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials
and Their Applications” (PHENMA 2020)(Kitakyushu, Japan, March 26–29, 2021)
Abstracts and Schedule

Signed to the press on 29.03.2021.
Offset paper. Format 60×84 1/16. Circulation 300 copies.
Usl. pech. list. 20,69. Uch. ed. list. 18,6. Order No. 7995.
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