JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

１

January 2018

Vol. 72, No. 1

1 New Year’s Speech……Yoshiki Koseki

The Special Issue of the 60th―2017 JAPAN TAPPI（70th Anniversary）Annual Meeting at Omiya，Saitama
10 General Review of the 60th―2017 JAPAN TAPPI（70th Anniversary）
Annual Meeting at Omiya，Saitama……Planning Subcommittee，JAPAN TAPPI
20 Keynote Speech
60th―2017 JAPAN TAPPI Annual Meeting in Omiya“Innovation and progress by creating technical innovation to lead to the future”……Yoshiki Koseki

28 Lecture by Winner of 45th SASAKI Prize
34 Lecture by Winner of 2016 JAPAN TAPPI Prize
37 List of Exhibitors & Exhibits 2017

Technical Report

40 Distribution Analysis of Paper Chemicals Retained Inside of Paper Structure―Mechanistic Aspect of Paper Chemicals and Their Application for a New
Development―……Norihito Higashitani

45 Main Steam Pressure Stabilization and Fuel Reduction by Boiler Combustion
Control Optimization System “ULTY-V” ……Yuji Okamura
51 Resin Roll for Calender―ZE-K series―……Naoki Kajino

55 Cellulose Nanofiber Prepared by Phosphorylation and its Application……Koh Sakai
59 Efforts for The Practical Use of Cellulose Nanofibers……Masayuki Kawasaki
66 Commercialization and Application Development Examples of Nanoforest……Hiromi Hashiba

70 Preparation of High Performance Air Filter Media from Cellulose Nanofiber……Junji Nemoto

74 Prioritizing Pest control Measures Based on Scientific Evidence andEvaluating Effectiveness……Tomohiro Ohba
78 Development of Failure Prediction System for Chemical Spraying Equipment to
Improve Productivity of Paper Machine……Hitomaru Sakata
Research Report（Original Paper）

85 The Effect to Physical Properties of Bamboo Paper with Different Cooking
Agent……Chia-Jung Chung，Masamitsu Inaba and Gang Chen

03 Committee report
84 Coffee break
101 Papyrus
110
116
117
131
132
134

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 January JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.1 Abstracts

Distribution analysis of Paper Chemicals retained inside of Paper Structure- Mechanistic aspect of paper chemicals and their application for a new development Norihito Higashitani
Department of Research & Development Promoting,Arakawa Chemical Industries,Ltd

We have been providing many kinds of paper chemicals for the necessity of
responding customer requests. In recent, more sophisticated development on paper
chemicals have been required and, it must be achieved in paper chemical industries.
In the development process of paper chemicals, it is very important to know theiraction mechanism in inducing corresponding effects. Since 2000, we have been
studying the adsorption and distribution of paper chemicals to pulp fibers mainly
from the view point of microscopic observation technology.
In this report, visualization method of (1)sizing agent distribution on paper sheet,and (2)paper strengthen agent polymer flocculation form and its adsorption tocellulosic fiber in pulp surry, have been discussed. In addition, we will also describe
about an example of utilization in these technique for products development.

Main steam pressure stabilization and fuel reduction by boiler combustion control
optimization system "ULTY-V"
Yuji Okamura
NYK TRADING CORPORATION
If the inputs to the boiler change (e.g. coal with a different moisture content is fed
to the boiler), a change is required from the control system to compensate for thevariance. However, it is difficult for an existing control system to change gain
automatically and continuously depending on combustion condition because theability to measure all the external factors and to reflect these parameters is too
hard to carry out, especially in an older traditional control system.
ULTY has been developed to resolve this problem in thermal power plants, bycalculating the most appropriate gain and altering the control systems output
correction factor produced by existing systems for plant controls. ULTY can thenimprove the stabilization of the combustion state and achieve the best controlled
performance.
As well as improving the stability of the combustion state, ULTY will also
contribute to fuel-saving, preventing heat-exhaustion and improve boiler pressurestability.

Resin Roll for Calender- ZE-K

series -Naoki Kajino
KINYOSHA CO.,LTD.
We are making researches on resin rolls for super calender.
The resin roll has run on soft nip calender and super calender for high-gloss paper.
The resin roll has been studied on several commercial super calender, but there arestill some unsolved problems.
(1) Rotary heat(2) Hardness reduction in temperature(3) High pressure resistance(4) Run-in(5) Paper edge dent
(6) Improvement of crack resistance(7) Gloss reduction of high-gloss paper
We have developed a resin roll, called “ZE-K series”, that might be a solution tothese problems.

Cellulose Nanofiber Prepared by Phosphorylation and its Application
Koh Sakai
CNF R&D Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is nano-sized cellulose fiber with high aspect ratio, which
is produced by fibrillation of pulp. While CNF has a lot of excellent properties as highYoung’s modulus, low thermal expansion and so on, it needs high energy consumption to
fibrillate completely only mechanical treatment. Then, we established phosphorylation

pretreatment method. Wood pulp was modified by impregnating an aqueous solution of
urea and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, followed by drying and curing in hot air fora few minutes. Then phosphate groups were introduced on the surface of cellulose. We
could obtain phosphorylated CNF dispersion by mechanical treatment ofphosphorylated pulp. This dispersion showed high transmittance. Transmission
electron microscopy (TEM) indicated the presence of 3–4-nm-wide nanofibers. Viscosityof phosphorylated CNF dispersion was high compared to conventional thickeners. The
phosphorylated CNFs are expected to various applications, for example, highly viscose
thickener, and transparent and flexible sheet. The CNF sheet had high transparency
and mechanical properties. The sheet was tolerant to chemicals and highly flexible,
therefore, can be expected to apply to a wide range of fields by taking advantage ofthese properties.

Efforts for the practical use of cellulose nanofibers
Masayuki Kawasaki
Nippon Paper Industries Co.,LTD
As a comprehensive biomass industry, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. tries todevelop various new business areas making the most of woody biomass. As one of
the new use of cellulose, we focus on production and development of various
applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). We examine the use of CNF not only for
functioned nanocomposite (with resin or rubber etc.) utilizing its high fiber strengthand low thermal expansion, also for an optical film utilizing its high transparency
and for a catalyst carrier or the absorbent utilizing its high surface area. Among
those uses, because the use of CNF as functional additives such as thickener ordispersant is a similar use as existing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), earlycommercialization is expected. In this report, as the example of the effort forcommercialization we present the development of CNF as functional additives. And
the production method of CNF, the solidification technology for practical use and
CNF’s various characteristics as additives are reported.

Commercialization and application development examples of nanoforest
Hiromi Hashiba
Development，Chuetsu

Pulp & Paper

Co.,Ltd

Cellulose is one of the most popular recyclable biomass resource on the earth andis generated as a main component of plant fiber cell.
Recently cellulose nanofiber(CNF) and cellulose nano crystal, produced bycellulose fiber defibration into nano size, are extensively studied in the world.
CNF is well known as of its excellent physical properties such as strength, elastic
modules, and thermal expansion.
Therefore, a lot of attention has been paid for CNF application development and a
lot of studies about CNF have been extensively developed in the world.
In

Japan,

CNF

development

was

positioned

as “Japan

Revitalization

Strategy”and “Nano Cellulose Forum” was established.
Following these trends, several Japanese paper company had made decision tobuild CNF production plant and some of it had already started operation.
Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd had started R & D of CNF since 2010 and had
started operation of CNF commercial production plant at Sendai mill, Kagoshimaon June 2017.
This report will introduce our CNF technical development and application
development.

Preparation of high performance air filter media from cellulose nanofiber
Junji Nemoto
Novel Materials Development Office,Hokuetsu-kishu Paper Co., Ltd.

Air filter media containing cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) were prepared byfreeze-drying of CNF dispersions. The CNF content in the filters was controlled byadjusting the CNF dispersion impregnated to the base glass filter. The
CNF-containing filter media showed superior filtration properties. When the CNF
content was 0.08% in the base glass filter, the filter quality factor showed thehighest value. This is because nanoscale and spider-web-like networks of the CNFs
with large specific surface areas were formed within the base filter. At the CNF
content higher than 0.08%, densely packed CNF networks rather formed andprevented the efficient capture of oil-aerosols used as model particles. After
exposing the CNF-containing filter media to high humidity conditions, the pressure
drop decreased, and the particle penetration ratio increased. However, the original
porous networks mostly remained, and the high quality factors were maintainedeven after exposing the filter media under humid conditions. The unique propertiesof CNFs such as the extremely small fiber diameters are advantageous in preparing

new air filters with high performance.

Prioritizing pest control measures based on scientific evidence and evaluating effectiveness
Tomohiro Ohba
Earth Environmental Service Co., Ltd
With growing demand for prevention of product contamination caused by insects
and rat, it is necessary to show that their pest management program is effective anda preventive system that problems hardly occur in the future. Currently, in order topromote preventive management more strongly, the concept of risk management isbeginning to be introduced. In risk management, it is possible to allocate costs
effectively by implementing measures by prioritizing according to the magnitude ofrisk analyzed and evaluated on objective standards.
However, in factories engaged in risk management, they are in trouble with themethod of prioritizing risks and the method of evaluating the effectiveness of themeasures implemented. In order to solve this, it is important to scientifically createcontamination scenarios using monitoring data and survey results. We provide
various investigations, analytical methods and educational support concerning
analysis / evaluation of risk based on this contamination scenario. ESCOEVO, our
new service, is a powerful support tool for aggregating and analyzing data,
operating and reviewing improvement activities, and communication with factor.

Development of failure prediction system for chemical spraying equipment to improve
productivity of paper machine
Hitomaru Sakata
System Development TeamMAINTECH CO.,LTD

Fuji Technology Development Center

As one of the challenges currently addressed by Japan, there is a population
problem and the age population of production (population of 15 to 64 years old)
turns to decrease after peaking in 1995 and is estimated to continue decreasing in
the future. In recent years, technology fields such as IoT (Internet of Things), BD(Big Data), and AI (Artificial Intelligence) are attracting attention as leading tothese countermeasures. By utilizing these technologies, it is expected analysis andprediction based on data collected by sensors on production facilities would solve
this kind of labor shortage.
In our company as well, we consider these technologies to be essential technologies
future business developments, we will utilize IoT for the chemical spraying devices"Mist Runner" and "Shower Runner" As a first step, failure prediction system. In
this report we will introduce its purpose and system details.

The Effect to Physical Properties of Bamboo Paper with Different Cooking Agent
Chia-Jung Chungand Masamitsu Inaba

Graduate School of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of the Arts
Gang Chen
Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology,

Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Hand-made bamboo paper was frequently used for printing and drawing since theTang dynasty (618-907AD) in China because of its features of strength and flatness.
Regarding rare books, the share of using bamboo as the raw material for making
paper is said to be around seventy percent. Also Japan has been using bamboo
paper in for either the collection of rare books or diversified purposes such as
painting by importing them from China too. For conservation of these culturalobjects on bamboo paper, we are expecting and required use better quality bamboo
paper, but cannot get the equivalent quality of paper as in the past. The traditional
way of making bamboo paper is to get the raw bamboo shoots to be fermented inslaked lime first. Afterward the cold digestion method and hot digestion method willgo through the process without alkali cooking and with alkali cooking respectively.
The air dried fermented raw bamboo fiber (Mosochiku: Phyllostachys pubescens)which was collected in Jiangxi province, China were cooked with caustic soda
(NaOH), soda ash (Na2CO3) and lime (Ca(OH)2), to the result of a cooking rate which
was lower in that order. The physical strength of ISO folding number was decreased
greatly for lime cooked paper which yields at 84％ (L84) because of long cooking
hours. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of cooking agent on
durability of 5 kinds of handmade bamboo papers. The bamboo papers have beencoated with acidic Dosa sizing solution (traditional surface size including animalglue and alum for Japanese painting) with normal and higher concentrations. Thenthe moist heat ageing test was done under the conditions of 80℃+65％rh, from 1

week to 8 weeks. The changes in color, pH, physical strengths (Folding Endurance
and Tear Index) were measured. We found that the initial pH of all original papers
remained in the range of 8.7 to 9.2 without the acidic Dosa sizing. Even the pH
stayed above 7.9 when a high concentration acid sizing solution was coated inadvance. The changes in physical strength resulting from moist heat ageing werequite small due to the alkalinity of the bamboo paper. The discoloration rate during
ageing for lime cooked papers (i.e. L94, L84) were smaller than the other papers at
the same pH value. In conclusion, the durability of bamboo paper cooked withcaustic soda and soda ash is better than with slaked lime.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

2

February 2018

Vol. 72, No. 2

Topics & Information

1
6

11
18
25
28

Operating Experience of Boiler Combustion Control Optimization System “ULTY”……Kyohei Fukuchi

Proposal of a Spray Type Agent for Interlaminar Strength Improvement……Yasuhiro Yamahira

Functional Recovery by Coating and Winder Survey……Kanato Mizukoshi
Recent Scale Tendency of The Kraft Pulp Process and Its Solution……Hitoshi Tsuchida

Energy Saving in the Activated Sludge Treatment Process……Kenji Hayashi
Introduction of ARIOSTEA SPIRAL WELDING SILO, How This New
Technology Realizes Reductions of Building Time，Cost and Space……Yosuke Suzuki

33 ―The European Largest in Paper & Pulp Industry―
StoraEnso’s Lubricant Control，Challenge and Solution
39
42
47

……Eiji Suzuki and Harunori Takeda

Non-Destructive Qualitative and Quantitative Measurement of The Filler
Content of Paper and Board……Daniel Ohndorf and Hiroyuki Miyaoka
For Sound or Noise in Industrial World Part Ⅸ―It Thinks about The Noise as Part of T. F. O from SKF―……Yasuhiko Yamasaki

Development of New Chemical Additives Applications for Wire and Press Part……Tomohiko Nagatsuka

Introduction of Research Laboratories（121）54

Terahertz Science Group，Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared
Region，University of Fukui

Technical Report（Original Paper）

57

Preparation of Nanofibrillated Cellulose in Powder Form……Takeshi Nakatani and Shinji Sato

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan（70）67Hachinohe Mill, Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited.

03
53
56
76

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

78
83
95
96
98

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 February JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.2

Abstracts

Operating Experience of Boiler Combustion Control Optimization System"ULTY"
Kyohei Fukuchi
Saga Mill,Oji Materia Co.,Ltd
In Saga mill, the energy consumption rate for paper production in 2016 is 94.1%
compared with in 2011,and energy saving has progressed steadily. However, energy saving items withcost-effectiveness, such as change of manufacturing process, control of motor
rotation number, downsizing of equipment, were almost done, so the number of
items tend to decrease year by year. Therefore, countermeasures from new point ofview are required to continue activities for energy saving. Under suchcircumstances, we were introduced from NYK TRADING CORPORATION aboutboiler combustion control optimization system "ULTY", which can be expected boiler
fuel-saving. We introduced the system to NO1 boiler in Saga mill, and we could
obtain effect more than we had expected. We report operating experience of thesystem in this paper.

Proposal of a Spray Type Agent for Interlaminar Strength Improvement
Yasuhiro Yamahira
Research & Development H.Q., Paper Chemicals , Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.
In recent years, due to increasing electrical conductivity and the amount ofanionic trash in paper making system, internal paper strengthen agent cannot
show desirable performance. Therefore, spray type paper strengthen agent isrequired in which the agent will be applied just after wet sheet is formed.In
multilayer papers, spray type paper strengthen agents are commonly used to obtain
interlaminar strength. It is very common that non-gelatinized starch or chemicallymodified starch is sprayed in a slurry state between sheet layers. However, due tosuction after papering and water squeezing in the pressing part, the spray-added
starch moves from the interlayer to the inside of the layer together with water, anda part of the starch flows out of the paper. It is therefore, not possible to obtain goodenough interlaminar strength, and starch flows into wastewater, which leads todeterioration of waste water load(COD, BOD).
As a solution to these problems, it is conceivable to (1) switch traditional starch to
PAM type paper strength agent for spraying, and (2) improve sprayed starchretention in between layers. In this report, these two process has been described.

Functional recovery by Coating and Winder survey
Kanato Mizukoshi
Coating and Finishing Eng., Dept. Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Due to the expansion of digital media, market structure of paper and board havebeen changed dramatically. To meet market demand, high level of productivity,
stable quality and minimized raw material and energy are required. By the other
hand, customer have to distribute their resources into various field to correspond tomarket needs and suffering luck of man power for the maintenance at the paper
production mill site. In such a market situation, Voith IHI Paper Technology isrecently focusing on P&S (Products & Services) business. Means enforcing thebusiness to realize energy saving, high efficiency, stable operation. Especially forthe services, Voith IHI is providing not only the services which asked to correct
specific failure by customer but also proposal type of facility audit.
Here we introduce functional recovery by audit focusing on winder which welearning a lot from Japanese customer and their requirement of roll quality.

Recent scale tendency of the kraft pulp process and its solution
Hitoshi Tsuchida
Sales engineering DEPT, Hakuto Co.,Ltd.
The paper industry is in the process of transformation , not only manufacturing pulp
and paper,but also manufacturing value-added products like power generation projects,
environmentally friendly closed system operation , use of wood chips containing scales.
The kraft pulp manufacturing process was originally a process that was prone toscale problems in the cooking process and bleaching process, but with the transition of
the use of wood chips containing scale and tendency toward closed system, a largechange also appears in the tendency to scale problem.
In this report,focusing on calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate which can benoted as a scale tendency of the kraft pulp process, We will introduce newly developed
scale controlling agents for cooking process 「DEPONAX P-78」 and scale controlling
agents for bleaching process「 DEPONAX P-99」「DEPONAX P-96」series as
solution.

Energy Saving in the Activated Sludge Treatment Process
Kenji Hayashi
Mushugen Industries Co.,Ltd.
In the pulp and paper wastewater treatment, the energy saving of the activatedsludge treatment process by the update of a blower and the aeration equipment andcost-saving may be planned, but there are few cases which energy saving is
considered for with an operative aspect positively because it tends to be designedwith high load in comparison with other types of industry.
However, in late years a load condition of the drainage processing becomes loose,and room planning energy saving occurs because of a decrease in production andintegration and abolition of the product line.
In this paper,

we describe some points when we plan the energy saving of theactivated sludge treatment process based on the energy saving results with othertypes of industry.

INTRODUCTION OF ARIOSTEA SPIRAL WELDING SILO,
HOW THIS NEW TECHNOLOGY REALIZES REDUCTIONS OF BUILDING TIME,
COST AND SPACE
Yosuke Suzuki
Itochu Machine-Technos Corporation
Building a new silo remains big issues for any paper companies no matter what
the purposes are, especially for those who are intending to implement by sea side
area, in limited space, with too much cost to build. ARIOSTEA is a leading spiralsilo designing, engineering, manufacturing company who has established its history

and reputation for over 60 years.
This article describes features of ARIOSTEA silo how it realizes the benefits byshowing some of the ARIOSTEA’s past references.

-The European Largest in Paper & Pulp Industry StoraEnso’s Lubricant Control, Challenge and Solution
Eiji Suzuki
JSD Ltd.
Harunori Takeda as Europafilter Asia Representative
The process of pulp and paper production involves the use of various kinds ofhydraulically-operated machines and a large amount of lubricating oil. Much of theprocess has a high degree of automation, but this means that a single malfunction
somewhere in the machinery affects the whole process and can result in severe loss.
It is known that 85% of malfunctions in hydraulically-operated machinery involve
issues with the oil, causing pulp and paper factories to take extra caution in
managing their machinery equipment as well as their oil.
I was given the privilege of speaking at the 60th Annual Meeting of Japan TAPPI(Japan Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry) so I decided to visit
the Hylte Mill of StoraEnso, the leading European company in pulp and paper
manufacturing, and report on the oil management (hydraulic oil and lubricating oil)at that company.
In addition, I will also report on the functions and operations of the “Europafilter”
used at Hylte Mill to manage the oil. This filter has a special feature that absorbs
the water and any contaminating particles larger than 100 nanos (0.1 micron). It
connects a bypass to the oil tank, filtering the oil at low flow and removing thewater and the contaminating substances before returning to the oil tank what has
now turned into super oil. This keeps also the whole machinery equipment andparts clean.
This filter product is an indispensable part of the equipment for the operation at
Hylte Mill. One of the installed oil tanks has a function that constantly monitors thetemperature and purity of the oil at key positions. The analysis of the oil every 6months has yielded such great results that oil change has been unnecessary for
unexpectedly long period of time.

Non-destructive qualitative and quantitative measurement of the filler content of paperand board
Daniel ohndorf
Marketing & Sales Area Manager Japanemtec Electronic GmbH

Hiroyuki Miyaoka
Scientific Instruments Dept.

Nihon Rufuto Co.,Ltd.

Fillers play an increasingly important role in the paper production which is also
due to the increased usage of waste paper.
The waste paper leads to an automatic but unknown supply of minerals to the
production process.
Typical fillers in the paper industry are for example Clay, Calcium carbonate(CaCO3), Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Talcum.
In paper production, minerals can have a positive influence on the degree ofwhiteness, opacity or flatness/printability of paper and enable to reduce the costs of
the raw material.
Traditionally in the paper industry, the ash content (or the combustion residue) isdetermined by the combustion method according to ISO 1762 and 2144, DIN 54370,
TAPPI T413 or T211.
However, the traditional combustion method has some disadvantages. The ACA
Ash Content Analyzer and its new and innovative measuring principle without
combustion of the paper samples, meaning without destruction, enable to determine
both within seconds, the total filler content as well as the percentage content of
typical fillers in the paper industry. This means that the respective percentage
content of calcium carbonate, kaolin / talcum, and titanium dioxide as well as
further used mineral fillers in the paper industry can be detected.

“ For sound or noise in industrial world Part IX ”
-It thinks about the noise as part of T.F.O from SKF–

Yasuhiko.Yamasaki
RSS RS SKF Japan.
“Confirmation of listening by a person has a lot of tasks and challenge . The
topic is how to visualize noise of lubrication condition and propose countermeasures.

This time is a consideration about that "condition of lubrication" and its"countermeasure plan".

Development of new chemical additives applications for wire and press part
Tomohiko Nagatsuka
MAINTECH CO.,LTD
Fuji Technology Development Center

Application Development Section

As the recycle pulp in the furnish is increased, the amount and adhesive deposit
is also increased in the system. particularly, the adhesive deposits lead to serious
problems in paper-making machine which cause sheet breaks or defects in afinished paper.
This report introduces the detail of New applications which is combined withchemical and equipment and knowhow, and examples applied in the paper
machines are also presented.

Preparation of Nanofibrillated Cellulose in Powder FormTakeshi Nakatani

andSinji Sato

Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are generally produced in the form of aqueous
dispersion at low concentrations, and it would lead to issues including the high costof transportation and the high risk of decomposition by bacterial contamination.
Therefore, manufacturing dried CNFs is essential for expanding the market of
CNFs. In the process of drying, CNFs strongly aggregate and the formed hydrogenbonding inhibits re-dispersion of CNFs in water. Consequently, reduced are
resulting characteristics of CNFs, such as high transparency and high viscosity. The
prevention of the aggregation in a drying process is the key to the preparation ofdried CNFs.
In this paper, we report a preparation of dried CNFs that can be easily
re-dispersed in water. The key to the preparation of dried CNFs was the selection ofchemically modified CNFs and water-soluble polymers for CNF suspensions. The
dried CNFs were easily dispersed in water and their transparency and viscosities

were not deteriorated even through the drying process. These CNF materials will be
provided in powder form with good handling.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

3

March 2018

Vol. 72, No. 3

Process Control and Automation
2
14
17
22
29
35
41
46
52

General Review of 41st Pulp and Paper Process Control Symposium……Process Control and Automation Committee，JAPAN TAPPIThe Drones are Attracted，The Visual Vision That Completes 3 Dimensions……Akira Tsuda

Development of Valmet Industrial Internet……Hisanori Bando，Jari Almi and Johanna Newcomb

Fuji Electric’s IoT Solutions to Create New Value……Yasuo Inamura
Industrial Internet for the Power Industry……Yasutaka Muta
Predicting Equipment Failure Using IoT and AI……Shuji Kuromizu，Shuji Senda and Hidekazu Miyagawa

Strengthen Factory Network Security Applying SDN/OpenFlow Technology……Kazuyoshi Uchiyama

Introduction of IoT device “e-Musen Junkai”……Kaito Ikuta
Replacement Project of PM 2 QCS……Masato Adachi

Topics & Information

56

New Approach of Process Optimization by Analysis of Plant Big Data

62

Papermaking. NextLevel―Cooperative Optimization Control of Stock Preparation and Paper Making―		 ……Takashi Sasaki

		 ―How Voith is Making Paper Manufacturing Better and More Efficient Through		 Digitization―……Ryozo Shimizu……Kazunori Omori
66 Andritz Optimization of Process Performance（OPP）
70 IIoT Evolution to Direct Sensing of Solenoid Valve……Yukinobu Kawabe
Research Report（Original Paper）

73

Extrusion Molding of Cellulosic Fibers Using Cellulose Derivative……Kaito Kawamura，Takatsugu Abera and Hiroshi Nonaka

03
86

Committee report
Papyrus

93
98
99
109
110
112

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 March JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.3

Abstracts

The drones are attracted, the visual vision that completes 3 dimensions
Akira Tsuda
Japan Drone Association
Drone performances and functions, holding various training sessions to correctly
understand aviation law, establishing a skill certification system to fly safely,
technical guidance, etc. based on a unified standard, drone users can do basic
without anxiety We will develop an environment where opportunities to masterskills and knowledge can be obtained.
In addition, we will support drone spreading activities in collaboration with thedevelopment of new technology using drone, social contribution project including
entrepreneurial support and education, environment for drone safe operation,
administrative and related organizations.
I would like to focus on the development of the drone industry in Japan, witheveryone who has the same intention regardless of individuals or companies.

Development of Valmet Industrial Internet
Hisanori Bando
Valmet K.K.
Jari Almi, and Johanna Newcomb
Valmet Automation Inc.
The Industrial Internet has enabled the unlocking of the value of vast data
resources in a modern pulp and paper complex. The unlocking of this value is today
being done by experts in pulping, papermaking and energy processes who analyze
this secure data in supplier performance centers. Their analyses, discoveries andrecommendations are now being used to optimize the performance of mill
sub-processes and the whole mill, and to improve reliability.
and

paper

producers

collaboratively

implement

andSupplier and pulp

sustainperformanceimprovement and reliability improvement programs based on various optimization
and analytics methods.

Specific case studies are presented where productivity has

been increased, raw material and energy costs lowered, quality optimized andprocess uptime improved.

Fuji Electric’s IoT solutions to create new value
Yasuo Inamura
fujielectric.com
Fuji Electric has been providing the state-of-the-art control technologies for use invarious areas, including social infrastructure such as electric power andtransportation, equipment for industrial use such as iron and steel, chemicals,
automobiles and electric and electronic devices and consumer products such asbuildings, retail stores, vending machines and in-vehicle devices.
And recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) has been attracting a great deal ofattention and the control technologies in the industrial world are entering a phaseof major change.
This paper describes Fuji Electric’s approach to the IoT with the following
examples.
1) The energy center for improving energy management operational efficiency
2) Boiler combustion solution for reducing boiler fuel cost3) Vibration diagnosis system of rotating machine with wireless sensor

Industrial Internet for the Power Industry
Yasutaka Muta
Solution Architect, Power Digital, GE PowerThe power industry faces lots of challenges like power-market deregulation, therise of renewables, unstable fuel price, and changing consumer behavior. Power
companies need to understand the impacts of these challenges and by embracing
digitalization, companies can apply unprecedented insights, new capabilities andinnovative business models to these challenges.
To change challenges to enormous opportunities, GE provides industrial internet
platform, PREDIX, and industry-centric digital solutions, Asset Performance
Management (APM), Operations Optimization (OO), and Business Optimization

(BO). APM is a solution to capture, integrate, and visualize data from physicalassets in power plants and run analytics to improve reliability and availability ofthese assets. Predictive analytics is the key feature of APM that enables operator to
anticipate or identify failure of an asset with longer lead time by modeling theasset’s expected versus observed states. OO is designed to help power companies totackle operational issues, meet business demand, and reach “true” plant capacity
while still reducing cost. OO has two key components, cloud-based visualization andrecommendation solution and closed-loop edge control solution that enables
real-time operational optimization. BO is a cloud-based solution designed to help
power companies to take full advantage of predictive analytics to make improved
decisions around power trading, fuel purchases and portfolio management. These
solutions are powered by PREDIX, the industrial internet platform. Advanced
analytics technologies including Digital Twin is a key advantage of PREDIX. Data
security is also built into the PREDIX environment that enables power companies
to fully embrace this platform.

Predicting equipment failure using IoT and AI
Shuji Kuromizu, Shuji Senda and Hidekazu Miyagawa
Business Promotion Dept.

Marketing Division

YASKAWA INFORMATION SYSTEMS CORPORATION
Kazuya Hirabayashi
Infrastructure System Technology Dept.

System Engineering Div.

YASKAWA Electric Corporation
The internet of things (IoT) has been finally in spread period. Moving objects,
such as smartphones or automobiles have been leading the market, and the rapid
growth of IIoT (Industrial IoT), IoT for industrial area, has been highly expected.
However, there have been difficulties in spreading IoT, because the utilization of IoT
and its

effects are not perfectly understood and shared. Even after introducing

IoT-driven remote false detection, largely accumulated data from sensors are not
perfectly utilized in the most cases.
We have provided the IoT platform service by in-house development since 2006,
when the word, IoT or M2M, was not existed, with utilizing the mobile telephone
network. Also, we have started the false predicting service in 2016 as bigdata
utilization of accumulated sensor data by IoT platform service, after some actual
proofs of failure detection for facilities by AI (machine learning).
Machine learning has a high affinity with IoT dealing with lots of sensors. A
minimum required number of sensors used to be installed, considering theequipment mechanism, and failure prediction is judged by the specialized algorithm.

Recently, the lower price sensors have enable us to install lots of sensors at thesame cost, however, a large quantity data have made us more difficult to getanalyzed. To response to dealing with such a large quantity data, sensor data islearned by machine learning, which makes us to detect its tendency of failure
quickly.
This study shows the sensing big data collected by IoT and AI utilization with ourreal use cases.

Strengthen factory network security applying SDN/OpenFlow technology
Kazuyoshi Uchiyama
Production technology Div,Oji Paper Co.,Ltd.

With the evolution of Industrial IoT (IIoT) and Big Data, various types of factory
systems are going to be connected to each other over and all form factors of devices
will communicate with each other across the network. In the concept of IIoT, notonly devices but mills, companies or any type of organizations would be connected
and communicate each other in multi-dimensional ways.
As mill systems become more complicated, "Network traffic expansion,
cybersecurity or securing human-resources with IT expertise" etc..., have been lessconsidered for conventional mill network and there are newly emerging challenges
that need to be addressed. Especially it is essential to establish method and plan toreinforce network security in a rapid and flexible manner without affecting running
production activities.
To solve these problems we employed SDN (Software-Defined Networking)technology. The network integration by using SDN technology enabled monitoringof mill network security and integrity, and the network virtualization also enables
potential network enhancement for the future without being constrained byphysical restrictions.

Introduction of IoT device “e-Musen Junkai”
Kaito Ikuta
Hokkaido Shiraoi Mill,

Nippoon Paper Industries Co., LTD.

Pulp and Paper Company is typical process industry and stable operation isenormously important to reach high efficiency production. In recent years, IoT(Internet of Things) and M2M (Machine to Machine) have been used manufacturing
equipment etc. We have developed “e-Musen Junkai” which consists of wirelesssensor network system and sensors. These sensors can measure acceleration andtemperature of equipment with online. This system contribute to decrease the timeof spent in watching equipment and make easier and faster to find breakdown.
This report presents the outline of developing process which we introduced into
Hokkaido Shiraoi mill.

Replacement Project of PM2 QCS
Masato Adachi
Niigata Mill, HOKUETSU KISHU PAPER CO., LTD.
PM2 of Hokuetsu Kishu Paper Niigata Mill produces wood-free and wood-contain
printing and writing paper. Quality Control System (QCS) installed in this paper
machine was B/M7000XL, which was manufactured by Yokogawa Electric Corp.,
and had been operating for 18years since 1998.
Due to increasing of malfunction occorence and termination of a maintenancesupport, Hokuetsu Kishu Paper decided to replace with new QCS called as
B/M9000VP in 2016.
With the renewal of this QCS, we planned not only a system update, but also an
improvement of paper quality and a reduction of energy usages by incorporating
requests from production department..
This paper introduces a background of QCS renewal and an improvement of
performance of paper manufacturing process.

New Approach of Process Optimization by Analysis of Plant Big Data
-Cooperative Optimization Control of Stock Preparation and Paper MakingTakashi Sasaki
IA-PS PBC P&W Solutions Dept., Yokogawa Electric Corporation
In recent years, as for manufacturing industry of Japan, especially in the processmanufacturing industries of the energy-intensive industry, energy consumption
rate are increasing and upward trend due to trend shifts from mass production tosmall varieties and variant variable production etc.,.

Therefore, the need for asmart factory energy management system (FEMS) that guarantees productivity is
increasing.
Although optimization of individual facilities and individual processes are being
carried out through our company's improvement activities at factory production
sites, it has been found that optimization by the cooperation between the adjacentproduction processes and optimization by the cooperation between the production
process and the power process have not been satisfactorily done yet.
We conducted a detailed survey through trial test at the target factory to
determine the extent of energy saving potential through cooperative control
between a production processes. In planning and realizing these remedial measures,
it is necessary to efficiently collect and analyze so-called plant big data inproduction processes.

At the same time, it is required to perform appropriate

optimum control and pre-simulation. From these points of view, we confirmed theeffectiveness of "the Cooperative optimization tool between processes".
Moreover, as an example of cooperative optimization between adjacent processes,
we applied a new concept of feed forward control to color and ash control between
stock preparation process and paper making process and confirmed the possibilityof energy saving by 50% compared with conventional manual operations.

Papermaking. NextLevel～ How Voith is making paper manufacturing better and more efficient throughdigitization～
Ryozo Shimizu
Control System Engineering Department, Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Digitization has long since become a fundamental component of machine andplant engineering. And Voith is leading by example. Whether for existing or newpaper machines, ‘our digital platform concept stabilizes and optimizes processes,
reduces costs and improves quality,’ says Dr. Christian Naydowski, Vice President
Integrated Solutions at Voith Digital Solutions.
Everyone is talking about “Industrie 4.0” or the Internet of Things. The machine
and work environments are going digital. Fast and highly available internet

connections are the prerequisite for systematically integrating digital process tools
into the supply chain. With its digital strategy, Voith is already a considerable stepahead. In recent years the machine and plant engineering company has consistently
focused on developing a product system range for its core areas of business. This
expertise is now being pooled across sectors in the new Corporate Division Voith
Digital Solutions.
Papermaking. Next Level – The revolution in the paper industry
One of these core areas is paper manufacturing. Voith has been building paper
machines for around 150 years and through numerous developments has
revolutionized the manufacturing process for graphic papers, newsprint, packaging
paper or specialty papers like banknotes or label holders. Naydowski calls Voith's
next revolution for the paper industry " Papermaking. Next Level". ‘We wantnothing less than to integrate modern, dynamically developing information
technologies with existing automation to create solutions for the paperindustry.’The availability of fast internet and high, inexpensive processing power
are helping the new automation tools from Voith to make the decisive breakthrough.
‘Sensors, actuators and networked, data-based controls in Clouds are the basis of
the new technology. What is essentially new is that we can make intelligent use of
the cyber world with the physical world of plant construction and its machinecomponents to obtain paper-specific indicators for managing the production process.
In this context, speed and access to fast data processing play the decisive role.’

ANDRITZ Optimization of Process Performance（OPP）
Kazunori Ohmori
Andritz K.K.

Capital Systems Sales

The internet has fundamentally changed the way humans communicate. It has
transformed knowledge sharing, interaction and the overall economy. Today we arefacing the next revolution, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). With the ability
to see, hear, smell, taste and feel, countless machines and components can now
communicate with each other and command and optimize themselves. With IIOT,
the production of goods takes on an entirely new dimension. On the other hand,
ANDRITZ is bundling its years of experience in the production of components andmachinery as well as its in-depth pro¬cess know-how, and expanding them withsmart digital solutions in Pulp & Paper industry. In past years, ANDRITZ has also

amassed extensive know-how in the optimization of processes and successfully
imple¬mented it in numerous projects in its customers’ key industries, primarily inthe area of Pulp & Paper. This applies for new as well as for existing machines andequipment. Now, all in-house technology, knowledge and services are united with
IIOT products under ANDRITZ’s new technology brand, OPP.

IIoT Evolution to Direct Sensing of Solenoid Valve
Yukinobu Kawabe
ASCO Japan Co., Ltd.
In order to support the safety operation of factory, the idea of IIoT system isstarting to attract attention as well as the construction and improvement of safety
instrumented systems. By detecting the opening and closing of the solenoid valve
operation directly, it will be possible to predict deterioration of parts and prevent
failure. This paper introduces the system in detail.

Extrusion molding of cellulosic fibers using cellulose derivative
Kaito Kawamura
Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan
Takatsugu Abera
THE PACK CORPORATION
Hiroshi Nonaka
Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan
According to the Paris Agreement, it is getting important to develop 100%plant-based materials which could substitute oil-based plastics. Cellulosic fibers areabundant in the earth and have both durability and biodegradability. However,products from cellulosic fibers are typically limited to sheeted materials. In thisstudy, we aimed at developing all-cellulose material which could be applicable tovarious forming methods like injection and especially extrusion. In order to extrude
cellulosic fibers without using any oil-based plastics, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose(HPMC), one of cellulose derivatives were blended to the fibers and kneaded withwater to give clay-like material with plasticity. Effect of water on the extrudability

and shape retention was large. The best water content was chosen as 50% for paper
powder used in this study. The material was successfully formed using
hand-operated clay-extruder, dried at 60˚C to give molded pieces. Addition of HPMC
to paper powder increased extrudability of the material and the strength of themolded piece. The best blending ratio of paper powder and HPMC was estimated tobe 7:3. The molded piece was disintegrated in stirred water and most of HPMC wasrecovered from the water as HPMC solution. We demonstrated an idea to realize 3D
forming of cellulosic fibers with sufficient extrudability, strength and recyclability.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

4

April 2018

Vol. 72, No. 4

Welcoming New Emploees
3
10
15
20
25
30
34

Thermomechanical Pulp Innovation for Energy Saving and High Brightness
Paper Development

Part 2 Pilot Test……Takanori Miyanishi

Development of new BM Sensor System without Radiation……Shinichi Nagata，Hidetada Sawamoto，Toshie Sakamaki and Takako Morikawa
Characteristic and the Latest Trend of Forming Fabric……Atsushi Koiwa
Application of Enzymes for Papermaking……Kazuhiro Kumeda
Operating Experience of New Softwood Bleaching Plant……Yasuhiro Hayashi

Flying Insects，Especially Chironomid Midges, Invading Paper Mills from
Outdoors……Goro Kimura，Yuji Uchida and Junichi Enokida
Latest Technology Trend of Headbox Sheet and Rod/Bed……Ryohei Watanabe

Topics & Information

38
56

Report on the Results of the Fiscal 2017 Follow-up Survey on “JPA’s Action
Plan for Low-Carbon Society” and Related Information on Measures against Global
Warming in the Japanese Paper Industry……Yasuharu Sakina
Introduction of the Researches Presented at 19th International Symposium……Hiroshi Ohi，Ayumu Tagami，
on Wood，Fibre and Pulping Chemistry（ISWFPC）

		 Keiichi Koda，Yasumitsu Uraki，Takahiro Furukawa and Yuji Matsumoto
Introduction of Research Laboratories
（122）

66

Laboratory of Forest Microbiology and Biochemistry, Wood Science andTechnology Course, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture，
Shizuoka University

Review Article（Original Paper）

69

Theory and Practice of Ozone Bleaching……Takanori Miyanishi

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（71）

82

Iwakuni Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

03
65
68

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break

90
94
106
107
109

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 April JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.4

Abstracts

Thermomechanical Pulp Innovation for Energy Saving and High Brightness Paper
Development
Part 2

Pilot Test

Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPIIt is reported that Douglas-fir is not suitable for mechanical pulping. Extractives
such as dehydroquercetin and quercetin contained in the heartwood of Douglas-fir
are known to be deleterious by consuming costly bleaching chemicals with theresult that the end product may be a pulp with lower brightness. The objective of
this study was to improve bleachability of thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) of
Douglas-fir. The TMP interstage bleaching was selected as a model process, wherehydrogen peroxide bleaching took place between the primary and the secondaryrefining. Two sets of experiments were carried out to evaluate pulp washing andchip pretreatment in various conditions. The first experiments showed that pulp
washing with water after the primary refining prior to the interstage bleaching was
effective in improving bleachability. The second experiments found that chip
pretreatment with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) or sodium hydroxide(NaOH) prior to the primary refining improved bleachability and saved 35-40%hydrogen peroxide in the interstage bleaching. Precautions were taken to optimize
the chip pretreatment conditions. The pretreatment efficiency depended on theinitial pH of the chemical liquor and the optimal pH range was found to be around11.5. DTPA or NaOH, which were added for the chip pretreatment, showed the same
effect. The experimental results were successfully applied to the energy efficiency
and high brightness paper development project in one of the largest paper mills inNorth America.

Development of new BM Sensor System without Radiation
Shinichi Nagata, Hidetada Sawamoto, Toshie Sakamaki and Takako Morikawa
Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation.
Typical BM sensor systems have been using the infrared for the moisture ratio
and the radiation for the basis weight for about 40 years.
radiation has bad influence on human body.

But it is said that theOn the other hand, we had developed

an on-line fiber orientation sensor system and an on-line moisture sensor systemusing microwaves.

The former is based on the anisotropy of dielectric constantand the latter is based on the dielectric loss of the sample.

After developing above

two sensor systems, we started to examine the possibility of BM measurement byusing the sensor head of the fiber orientation sensor.

As a result, we found theunique method for BM measurement by combining the fiber orientation sensor
technology and the moisture sensor technology.

As we examined the capability of

the new method for BM measurement by using the prototype on an actual machinewith comparing the typical BM sensor system, we would like to report the results
and the measurement principle.

Characteristic and the Latest Trend of Forming FabricAtsushi Koiwa
Technical Dept. PMC･EF In-House Company Nippon Filcon Co., Ltd.
Forming A Forming Fabrics is a necessary and integral for modern papermaking
machines, performing three main functions: 1) draining pulp slurry; 2) forming the
sheet; and 3) transporting the sheet to the press section. Adequate sheet formationis one of the greatest concerns of paper makers, because it affects most of the sheet
qualities. Recently, high quality and high productivity have both become top
requirements of papermakers. Paper machines have evolved, increasing in size andspeed. To meet the current demands of papermakers and the latest machines,
forming fabrics have been evolving as well.
The first generation of triple-layer forming fabrics had the hope of being an ideal
design, yet they were not able to expand into the market rapidly due to a structuraldesign flaw which resulted in internal wear issues. Second and third generation
triple-layer fabrics exhibited design improvements, and have become a current

mainstream design used on today’s paper machines.
Aiming to improve quality and productivity, Nippon Filcon has developed“N-FAST”,
a revolutionary high-tech improvement on triple-layer design. N-FAST has asingle-warp and triple-weft structure, which virtually eliminates internal wear (theweakness of triple-layer fabrics). Another advantage N-FAST design has overconventional triple-layer fabrics is greater MD flexibility, which enhances pulsationand improves sheet formation. Finally, our N-FAST provides optimum CMD sheet
profile throughout the fabric’s life.
In this session, we introduce the history of forming fabrics structure, fromsingle-layer to triple-layer, and their evolution alongside the advancement of paper
machines.

Finally, we present Nippon Filcon’s latest triple-weft design, thecutting-edge “N-FAST” series.

Next-generation Surface Sizing Agent
Kazuhiro Kumeda
PAPER CHEMICAL BUSINESS DIVISION, SEIKO PMC CORPORATION
Some enzymes have been used for papermaking. Enzymatic technologies had
been examined to using for various papermaking applications. If enzymes can act
efficiently to their target (for example, pulp fibers and trash), it is expected thathigher effects of enzymes to their target are obtained.
We introduce the application using enzymes in pitch control, deinking. We havedeveloped the combination of the different enzymes that showed good effects for the
reduction of tackiness, improvement of whiteness and dart count in the waste paper.
We hope that enzymes become available more effectively by the combination of
enzymes.
In addition, we introduce our enzyme products for the improvement of paper
quality and runnability.

Operating Experience of New Softwood Bleaching Plant
Yasuhiro Hayashi
Takaoka Mill, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
The production of bleached softwood pulp had been reduced at Chuetsu Pulp &Paper, Takaoka mill because of the reduction of the bleached softwood usage in thepaper machines. Due to this reason, the old existing bleach plant became too big forthe required production, and the operating and the energy efficiency became lower.
There was high maintenance cost with the old bleach plant, and the old bleach plantbuilding (built in 51 years ago) did not have enough strength for big earthquake. In
order to solve these issues, Chuetsu pulp & paper decided to build the new softwood
bleaching plant at Takaoka mill. The operation of new plant was started in
December, 2015.
The reasons for Chuetsu to select the equipment supplier to Andritz were ; DDwasher which has multiple stage washing and minimum required space, higher
chemical and energy efficiency, and less working load on operators with start-up
and shut-down.
There were various issues since the start of production. But the present operation
has been stable with modifications and operation tuning.
For our future challenges, we are trying to improve the chemicals and energy
consumption, and maximize the benefit with automatic brightness control.

Flying insects，especially chironomid midges, invading paper mills from outdoors
Goro Kimura, Yuji Uchida and Junichi Enokida
Technical Research Laboratory，IKARI Corporation
Product Development Division, IKARI Corporation
Second Sales Division，IKARI Corporation
The preventive effect of nets against invasion by flying insects, especiallychironomid midges, was examined. Except the net of 40 mesh (opening: 480μm), all
the nets prevented chironomid midges from invasion. On the other hand,thysanopteran insects passed through even the net of 50 mesh (opening: 330μm). In
addition, the present study reviewed lighting management and light trapping
method as physical and mechanical control of chironomid midges.

Latest Technology Trend of Headbox Sheet and Rod / Bed
Ryohei Watanabe
Spectris. Co., Ltd.
BTG-IPI (currently BTG USA Mill) was originally an OEM provider of Headbox

Sheet and Metering Rod / Bed for BELOIT and joined BTG group in 2006.
BTG-IPI has been recognized as one of the valuable suppliers in the world who can
propose the optimization for these products.
Headbox Sheet has been applied for the latest paper machines although thetechnologies have been for long years in paper industry and it has been known thatthe Headbox Sheet gives a huge impact on the sheet formation and fiber orientationthat are the most important quality for the paper.

BTG-IPI can provide not only

the replacement but also the optimized design with the simulation of the expansion
energy.
Optimization of the diameter and groove shape of the Metering Rod that is usedat sizer and rod coater can bring a large cost-saving.
Headbox Sheet and Metering Rod / Bed are ones of the consumable goods andvery small parts in the gigantic paper machine.

But the optimization of thedesigns of these products can save a huge production cost and improve the paper
quality without a large investment.
In this paper, I introduce the one of the samples for the optimization of theseproducts BTG-IPI has done.

Report on the Results of the Fiscal 2017 Follow-up Survey on “JPA's Action Plan for
Low-Carbon Society” and Related Information on Measures against Global Warming in
the Japanese Paper Industry
Yasuharu Sakina
Japan Paper Association
The Japan Paper Association (JPA) established its “Voluntary Action Plan on
Environment” in 1997, in response to The Japan Business Federation‘s call to theJapanese business community to organize “The Voluntary Action Plan on
Environment”. Since then, JPA has carried out a follow-up survey and published theresults every year.
As the Voluntary Action Plan finished in fiscal 2012, JPA newly started “theAction Plans towards a Low Carbon Society” and has been actively addressing
global warming prevention in order to achieve the following targets set in the plan:・Compared to BAU scenario(based on specific CO2

emission rate of 2005),

reduce fossil energy-derived CO2 emissions by 1.39 million tons by fiscal 2020 .

・In view of securing forest resources and increasing forest carbon sink, expand
forest plantation areas owned or managed by the paper industry at home andabroad to 700 thousand hectares by fiscal 2020.
According to the results of the fiscal 2017 follow-up survey (actual results forfiscal 2016), fossil-energy derived CO2 emissions in fiscal 2016 was 17.96 million
tons, a 28.0％ reduction compared to the fiscal 2005 (24.94 million tons).This is
attributed to each manufacturer's active efforts including energy saving and energy
conversion from fossil energy to non-fossil energy such as biomass energy.
In addition to the results of the follow-up survey, this report introduces thecurrent energy situation in the Japanese paper industry, outline of the next phase of
JPA's Action Plan for Low-Carbon Society spanning the ten-year period from fiscal
2021 through 2030 and the latest information of countermeasures against global
warming.

Introduction of the Researches Presented at 19th International Symposium on Wood,
Fibre and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC)
Hiroshi Ohi
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Ayumu Tagami
Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,LTD.
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Fibre and Polymer
Technology / Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology
Keiichi Koda，Yasumitsu Uraki and Takahiro Furukawa
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
Yuji Matsumoto
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
The 19th International Symposium on Wood, Fibre and Pulping Chemistry washeld in Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil on August 30–September 01, 2017. Totally about
140 researches were presented (oral 80, poster 60). Presented researches covered
wide range of chemistry and were divided into sessions: pulp chemistry versus
bleachability and quality, pulping, biorefinery, chromophore formation andbrightness stability, bleaching of dissolving pulps, Bleaching for biorefinery
purposes, lignin, lignin biosynthesis, nanomaterials, dissolving pulp, hemicelluloses,
analytical, lignin preparation, lignin product, and lignin based resins. In this report,some of presentations will be briefly introduced.

Theory and Practice of Ozone Bleaching
Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPI
Ozone bleaching began on an industrial scale in 1992 in connection withincreasing environmental pressure and customers’ demand for production of
Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) and Total Chlorine Free (TCF) bleached pulps.
Ozone bleaching did not immediately reach its optimal efficiency from a technicalviewpoint, and had to face several issues during its early years. By improving
mixing technology, better understanding ozone chemistry on pulp components andtuning the whole process, ozone bleaching sequences made it possible to produce apulp with the quality similar to or better than that prepared by conventional ECF.
They mark a clear milestone in the development of environmentally soundbleaching methods. Today the choice of ozone may still be motivated by ecologicalrequirements but it is mostly justified by the economical savings resulting fromchemical cost reduction. They allow combining high brightness and strength withcost efficiency. Ozone bleaching is conducted either at medium or high pulp
consistency, depending on ozone bleaching process suppliers. The choice of one ofthese processes over the other depends on a number of factors – including
investment costs, carry-over load, bleaching filtrates recirculation and bleach plant
temperature profile and others.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

5

May 2018

Vol. 72, No. 5

Topics & Information

1 Operating Experience of Down Flow Lo-Solids Cooking at Ishinomaki Mill
		 ……Shohei Maya
5 Operating Experience of Vapor Recompression Evaporator……Yosuke Nonaka
9 Realization of Quality Improvement by Optimizing Plate Design for		 Thermomechanical Pulping……Satoshi Ishikawa
13 Operating Experience of Intensa Maxx……Yoshihiro Uotani
17 Outline of the Tokai Mill Hydropower Station……Akihiro Tanaka
22 New Program with FiberWhite® for DIP Process Optimization……Koji Sogo
27 Novel Polyvinylamine Product “RZ series” for Pitch Control in Paperboard Making
		 ……Kenji Sakai and Naho Murata
34 Purification of Papermaking Process Water Using Coagulant with Multiple Kinds
		 of Reactive Site and Continuous Monitoring of Unfixed Micro Particulate Matter		 by a New Sensor……Takashi Saigusa
39 New Approach to Effluent Load Reduction by “AXISZ System”…… Koichi Tadaki，

		 Yohei Miyoshi，Yoko Fujiwara and Kaori Sugasaki
46 Development of SE Rotor Vane type Ⅱ……Yujiro Deguchi

48 BW Papersystems Finishing Equipment Technical Improvement Program（TIP）
		 ……Hayato Tanioka
51 The History of Technological Developments of the Paper Industry in Japan		 after World War Ⅱ
Part 6 Overseas Developments……Kiyoaki Iida

60 2017 Research Projects of Universities and Government Research Institutes
		 ……Wood Science Committee，JAPAN TAPPI
Research Report（Original Paper）

69

Characterization of TEMPO-Oxidized and Refined Pulps……Yukinori Kobayashi，

03
68
85

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

91
95
105
106
108

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

		 Yasutomo Noishiki，Manabu Yamamoto，Tsuguyuki Saito and Akira Isogai

2018 May JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.5

Abstracts

Operating Experience of Down Flow Lo-Solids Cooking at Ishinomaki Mill
Shohei Maya
Ishinomaki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
It is Lo-Solids cooking system with a continuous digester was used since 2001 in
1KP process at Ishinomaki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. These days, it
was difficult to operate stably in the final cooking zone because the ratio of domestic
wood chips which basic density was lower than that of wood chips from oversea wasincreased. The unstable operation made Kappa number of pulp blew from thedigester variable. As a countermeasure, high cooking temperature and high White
Liquor dosing ratio were required.
In October 2015, new cooking system, Down Flow Lo-Solids cooking, was started
in order to improve the operation. A new bottom scraper which had long arms and a
big corn to make chip flow smoothly was installed and we changed liquid flow fromup-flow to down-flow between C7 and C8 extraction zones. At the same time, liquid
extraction from C8 screen was started. The opening area of C8 screen strainer was
expanded in order to maintain liquid passing flow rate low and prevent chips
clogging between strainer bars.
As a result, the operation was improved with the new cooking system and thestandard deviation of the Kappa number was reduced. We were able to make ourtarget of Kappa number 2 points higher than with Lo-Solids cooking system andincrease the pulp yield. On the other hand, Kappa number after oxygen
delignification process was not changed and reduction of bleaching chemicals wasachieved unexpectedly. We thought that washing efficiency with Diffuser was
improved because pulp consistency blew from the digester was increased due to thestable operation in the final cooking zone. In addition, temperature set points at the
top of the digester and the output from a cooking heater were decreased becausechip compaction was increased and actual cooking time was extended in the digester.
The reduction of steam consumption was achieved.North America.

Operating Experience of Vapor Recompression Evaporator
Yosuke Nonaka
Niigata Mill, HOKUETSU KISHU PAPER CO., LTD.
New vacuum evaporator the name of H train systems has been operating in
Niigata mill since June 2015.The old evaporator, the name of C train started in
1976 and D train started in 1978 could not handle the pulp maximum production byreason of poor vacuum running caused of the long term deterioration. For the
purpose of old facilities update, environmental load reduction, and the stable
operation of the black liquor concentration process, we introduced the new vacuum
evaporator.
H train has been running over 2years while overcoming several problems,
contributed to the mill’s maximum pulp production. 7 body 7 effect equipment andVapor-Re-Compression-System (abbreviate it to VRC as follows) compress thesteam by the re-compression fan strengthen the black liquor concentration ability.
In this paper, we briefly describe the outline of the equipment and operating
experience of H train.

Realization of Quality Improvement by Optimizing Plate Design for ThermomechanicalPulping
Satoshi Ishikawa
Kushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
In The specific refining energy reduction in TMP plant is the task to be developed
continuously from the view of cost down and energy savings. Especially pulp quality
improvement with energy savings identified with refiner plate character has beenstudied as the most important task.
We, Nippon Paper Kushiro Mill, have tried to install a variety of low energy plates
for many years. Now, our TMP process achieved 20％ specific refining energy
reduction caused by installation of non-conventional plates designed by ANDRITZ.
In addition, the operating condition with great performance of new plates wasestablished with three times pulp strength improvement and 75％ shive reduction.
This report explains our significant efforts.

Operating Experience of Intensa Maxx
Yoshihiro Uotani
Kanazu Mill, Rengo Co., Ltd.
Rengo Kanazu Mill, located in Awara city in the northern part of Fukui
prefecture, owns one paper machine for corrugating medium and its average
production volume is 650t/D. The waste paper plant has two pulpers of 7.6m indiameter for OCC and one another of 5.3m used for core board.
Stable operation in the stock preparation is essential for paper board production
to keep high productivity and quality.
This report describes general information and operating experiences of Intensa
Maxx which was installed in March 2017 to improve pulping process andstabilization in fine screening process.

Outline of the Tokai Mill Hydropower Station
Akihiro Tanaka
Tokai Mill, Oji F-Tex Co., Ltd.
Oji F-Tex Tokai Mill, comprised of three manufacturing sites producing specialty
paper in Fuji and Fujinomiya City, Shizuoka Prefecture, also has eight hydropower
stations in Fujinomiya. They started operation in 1919 to 1964 and have beenworking for a stable electricity supply, but they also have been aging over the 53 to
98 years operation.
Oji F-Tex has been replacing these old stations in order to ensure thoroughmaintenance of hydroelectric facilities and pursue a long-term stable supply ofhydroelectricity as a clean energy resource.
An overview of the replacement project of Urui river No.2 power station as well as
the outline of each hydro station is described. The hydropower design is optimized
by examining the flow regime, the water head, and the water wheel type, resulting
in annual increase of 4,054 MWh power generation after replacement.

New program with FiberWhite® for DIP process optimization
Koji Sogo
Industrial Technical Consultant，Pulp and Paper Business，KATAYAMA NALCO INC

pH in DIP process is important control point that can be influence operation andquality of DIP. Therefore constant rate of chemical is dosed to maintain proper pH.
However circulation water recovery and reuse is common and DIP system is agood environment for bacteria growth. In fact, bacteria count at a DIP system wasvery high. Also, bacteria growth is confirmed in a process like a tower that requires
long detention time, and pH is lowered due to generated organic acid. In such a
condition, we confirmed that caustic soda is consumed and hydrogen peroxide isresolved unintentionally.
We have been introduced various slime control technology for paper making
process. By applying monochloramine, one of those technologies, we considered DIP
process optimization program and achieved not only pH improvement but also otherproblem solving and optimization at DIP process, and as a result, we managed total
operational cost reduction and quality improvement. We would like to introduce oneof those cases.

Novel Polyvinylamine Product“RZ series”for Pitch Control in Paperboard Making
Kenji Sakai and Naho Murata
Shonan Research Center, HYMO Corporation
Pitch troubles such as sticky deposit on equipment, dirts, breaks and holes of
paper are one of the main issues in paperboard making.

After studying thesolutionsynthesizing

toaddresstheseissues,we

succeededinnew

Polyvinylamin(pVAM) Emulsion Products “RZ series” as pitch control agents forpaperboard making process.
The charge density of RZ series can be designed in wide range. Furthermore, themolecular weight of these products becomes much higher than that of existingpVAM products by applying our emulsion polymerization technology. Therefore, RZ
series can make a beneficial effect on the fixation of pitch in paperboard materials.
The evaluation of the fixation performance was carried out by ”Micro pitch-image
analysis system”, and the evaluation for reduction of sticky substances was carriedout by “Heat press-image analysis system”. As the results, RZ series showedsuperior performance to other widely used organic cationic coagulants.
We assumed the reason why the RZ series showed a superior fixation effect, andthe verification test of following tree items was conducted.

1) High performance on the fixation of micro-pitch to pulp with keeping small sizeof pitch.
2) High performance on the fixation of micro-pitch to pulp with strong interaction.
3) High performance on reducing the adhesiveness of pitch.

Purification ofofreactive

papermaking process
site

and

continuous

water using

coagulant withmultiplekinds

monitoring of

unfixed micro particulate matterby a new sensor
Takashi Saigusa
Kurita water industries LTD.
Along with the recent increase in paper recycling rate and closed systematizationof the paper making process, various substances accumulate in the water of thepaper making process, and cause the deterioration of paper quality and runnabilityof paper making machine. Fixation of the accumulated

substance is important andthe need of the coagulant increases.
We developed the new coagulant with multiple kinds of reactive site which
increased reactivity by reaction of non-cationic site. Fixation and retention
performance of the new coagulant was higher than conventional cationic coagulant.
In addition, we were able to add the characteristic performance by regulating thebalance of the reactive site, such as the fixation of pitch, the reaction in the cationicsubstances surplus, and the prevention from foaming by the poor fixation.
In addition, we developed the new sensor which measured unfixed micro
particulate matter level consecutively. By using the new coagulant,

the unfixedmicro particulate matter of white water was reduced to half level, and the numberof the spots decreased. The new coagulant contributed to cleaning of papermaking
process

water and improvement of paper quality and runnability of paper

machine.

New Approach to Effluent Load Reduction by“AXISZ System”
Koichi Tadaki, Yohei Miyoshi, Yoko Fujiwara, and Kaori Sugasaki
Technical Div. Technical Dept., SOMAR Corporation

Somar has developed wet-end improvement system named “AXISZ System”
which enables various types of wet-end chemicals to demonstrate the original andintrinsic performances to the maximum.“REALIZER A Series” is high-performance
coagulant which is effective for sticky pitch and defect paper surface and is also,
special cationic polymer which is good to be applied to stuff box. High-performance
retention aid, “REALIZER R Series, FX Series” is multifunctional polymer withspecial structure and can achieve higher retention even with small dosage.
Optimum Wet-end system can be obtained by combination of those chemicals. Also,
it’s should be noted it is unique that each chemical alone can demonstrate its own
capability.
The match which reduces the displacement because the amount of consumption isquite watery by paper industry becomes important. The tendency which rises every
year can see white water load by which it's for COD and the electric conductivity. I
focus on effluent load reduction in paper mill by writing and introduce several new
way to approach to which white water load of a papermaking machine is reduced.
During these research and development, we found that the application of wet-end
improver “AXISZ System” could reduce wet-end chemical dosage, reduce effluent
load, and reduce other environmental load. Development of wet-end chemicals
focused on less environmental load is the main feature of Somar and its
performance is verified through number of machine trials. This report describes
effect of our latest paper chemicals.

Development of SE Rotor Vane type Ⅱ
Yujiro Deguchi
Rotor Industry Co., Ltd.
SE Rotor Vane developed by our company is a high efficient rotor vane, whichboasts a sales result of more than 30 units including large and small ones since its
release. It is a great honor for us that this Rotor Vane was awarded the 43th Sasaki
Award and the17th Chugoku New Business Awards. We named a new product that
improved the usability of the SE Rotor Vane SE Rotor Vane II.
The SE Rotor Vane II is the one which realized the improvement of the SE Rotor
Vane’s usability and durability with the shape of the SE Rotor Vane unchanged. The
shape and appearance of Rotor Vane that contributes to improving the production
efficiency and material quality of pulper is the same as before.

There are several changes in the SE Rotor Vane II. The part that we thoroughly
thought is how to change a spare blade. In past years, the most popular approach is
to attach the spare blade with three bolts prior to releasing the SE Rotor Vane.
However, in the SE Rotor Vane, the number of mounting bolts of the spare bladesignificantly increases in exchange of easy replacement of the spare blade. Througha long development period, the number of mounting bolts of SE Rotor Vane II
becomes three (3) bolts, the same as before.
We are diligently developing products other than the Rotor Vane, including
projects that we already have been moving forward to acquire rights. We have aplan to occasionally announce them at the phase of completion of acquisition of therights after completing actual proof thereof in future.

BW Papersystems Finishing Equipment Technical Improvement Program (TIP)
Hayato Tanioka
K.K.IRISU（C.ILLIES & CO.,LTD.）BW Papersystems has a long history of drive and motor designs, going back 31
years.

In this paper, we discuss how we got to the unique advantages of the liquid

cooled drive and motor system.

The History of Technological Developments of the Paper Industry in Japan after WorldWar II
Part 6

Overseas Developments

Kiyoaki Iida
Until around 1970, overseas projects were proceeded to secure raw materials
necessary for increasing domestic paper demand.

They were some of followings:

importing woods and chips, bringing back home pulp produced overseas andcarrying back finished paper products. In the 1970s, oil price hiked, pollutions
caused by the industry were censured and environmental conservation wasconcerned. The paper industry tried to use more amount of recycled pulp, andunderstood an economic advantage of and invested in having large costal integrated
mills using imported chips. It could not afford to proceed overseas ventures in thoseyears.
In the 1990s, the paper industry, having recovered a relatively stable economic
condition, started to work on overseas ventures. The its first concern, this timeagain, was securing wood chips and afforestation was carried out in many countries
overseas. The other was how to deal with Asia. Some companies began to operate
box plants in Asia to supply corrugated containers to their customers who moved
their plants to Asia. As a whole, however, some was eager and others were not. The
paper industry scored the lowest figure in the ratio of overseas sales to its total
among manufacturing industries in Japan in 2002.

It was so even in 2015, though

the industry would like to do.

Characterization of TEMPO-Oxidized and Refined Pulps
Yukinori Kobayashi
Pulp and Paper Innovation Center, Oji Holdings Corporation
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Yasutomo Noishiki, Manabu Yamamoto
Pulp and Paper Innovation Center, Oji Holdings Corporation
Tsuguyuki Saito and Akira Isogai
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
Catalytic oxidation using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) can beused to selectively convert primary hydroxyl groups in accessible regions of cellulose
and hemicellulose molecules in pulp fibers into aldehyde and carboxy groups. Clear
improvement of the wet tensile strength of handsheets prepared from a
TEMPO-oxidized pulp (TOP) was previously demonstrated without the use of any
wet strengthening agent. Moreover, the paper chemical contents added at the wet
end and retained in the handsheets increased. However, the practical use of TOPs
as raw materials in papermaking has not yet been sufficiently studied. In this study,
the effects of refining TOPs on the resultant fiber morphologies and properties were
investigated. TOPs with carboxy group contents of 0.42 and 0.86 mmol/g wereprepared and refined to various levels using a PFI mill. The average fiber lengths of
the TOPs decreased and their fines contents increased with increasing number of
PFI revolutions; these results were similar to those for the original pulp. However,the freeness remarkably decreased and the water retention value significantly
increased with increasing number of PFI revolutions compared with those of therefined original pulp. Moreover, the fibrillation behavior of the TOPs withrefinement clearly differed from that of the original pulp in terms of the changes inpulp morphology and the amount of functional groups.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

6

June 2018

Vol. 72, No. 6

Energy Saving Ⅰ
1 Opening Address of the 22nd Saving Energy Seminar……Hiroshi Suzuki
3 Solutions Based on New Technology for Effective Energy Utilization
		 ……Masaki Yagita
10 Activities for Energy Saving in Sendai Mill……Shingo Shimoyama
16 Activities for Energy Saving in Akita Mill……Nobuhiro Date
21 Niigata Mill Energy Saving Case……Masahito Washidu
26 Effective Utilization of Energy by Chemicals for Boiler Water Treatment
		 ……Koji Aoki
Topics & Information

33
38
42
47
51
55

Energy Saving Bag Filter……Hiroyasu Hattori
Energy and Cost saving by Doctoring Optimization……Toshifumi Wakabayashi
Introduction of Energy-saving Examples That Can be Realized at Low Cost……Takehiro Uwafuji

Introduction of Fajar Paper PM8 Engineering……Ryosuke Taki
Chlorine and Potassium Removal System Using Evapo-Crystallization Method―CRP System；Chlorine Removal Process―……Kenichi Fukushima

ACA Permi Online Air Permeability Analyzer and RoQ Roll Hardness Profiler……Yohei Suzuki

Introduction of Research Laboratories（123）

60 Energy Ecosystems Laboratory（Kawamoto Lab.）, Department of
		 Socio-Environmental Energy Science, Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto
		 University
Research Report（Original Paper）

63 Biorefinery of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch by Nitric Acid Prehydrolysis Soda
		 Cooking. Production of Furfural and Dissolving Pulp
		 ……Agusta Samodra Putra, Akiko Nakagawa-izumi, Mikio Kajiyama and Hiroshi Ohi
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（72）

80

Niigata Mill，Hokuetsu Corporation

03
59
62
85

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

89
94
104
105
107

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 June JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.6

Abstracts

Solutions based on new technology for effective energy utilization
Masaki Yagita
System Application Dept. Engineering & Technology Div.
Yaskawa Siemens Automation & Drives Corp.
Yaskawa Siemens Automation & Drives Corporation (hereafter referred to as
YSAD)， a joint venture between Yaskawa Electric Corporation Japan (hereafterreferred to as YEC) and Siemens AG Germany (hereafter referred to as Siemens)，
was founded in 1999. YSAD offers industrial electrical systems for all industries(with the exception of steel and public work projects)， electric products sales andafter-sales service for YEC products and SAG drives. In this article we introduce
novel solutions for effective energy utilization based on new technology utilizing
YEC and Siemens products.
Examples of recent trends for energy saving strategies using new technologies
can be found in both EVs (Electric Vehicles) and FCVs (Fuel Cell Vehicles)， which
are actively driving the transportation sector. Even in the business sector
large-scale buildings are required to comply with Energy Conservation Law， whichis expected to accelerate the energy saving with the introduction of fuel cells andheat pumps. In the industrial sector， inverters have been employed for many years
and the Top Runner Program for electric motors and transformers has also been put
in force. According to the Energy White Paper published by Ministry of Economy，Trade and Industry， in the time period from 1973 to 2014 energy consumption in
the industrial sector has been reduced by 80％ while the GDP growth rate itself
was 240％. However， as industrial sectors account for about half of all domesticenergy consumption， energy conservation promotion is still required.
In order to address these demands it is essential to introduce new energy saving
technology， examples of which are introduced here.

Activities for Energy Saving in Sendai Mill
Shingo Shimoyama
Sendai Mill, chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co.Ltd.
The paper industry is an energy-intensive industry, and energy saving activities
are an effective means for environmental issues and cost reduction.
Our factory has made efforts for energy saving activities throughout the factoryand has achieved goals.
However, with the progress of activities, effective projects are decreasing and inrecent years it has been difficult to achieve more energy saving targets.
In order to acquire energy saving benefits at this factory, we are working to raise
employee's awareness of energy conservation and find out new projects, mainly bymembers of energy conservation management committee.
Here, we introduce examples that our factory has implemented.

Activities for Energy Saving in Akita Mill
Nobuhiro Date
Akita Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
On the Activities for Energy Saving in Akita Mill, we did not achieve theexpected target enough in 2015. For breaking this situation, we started the newenergy saving activities named “Neigah Activities” in 2016. They were carried out
four times a month by the special members selected several sections and also
supported by the outside consultancy (Japan Business Innovation Consulting Co.,
Ltd.). As the new target of energy savings, we set 3% of the energy consumption in
the previous year.
On the first half of term, we confirmed the flow and the material valance for eachequipment or process, and investigated the quantity of electric power, water, steam,and air. We recognized the energy consumptions of each item from them. On thelatter half, we analyzed the each condition and whether the energy was usedeffectively, and looked for the difference between actual and specification of eachequipment. We picked up and listed the themes for energy saving once we imagined,
and prioritized based on benefits and costs.
The members gained some matters and knowledge from each other by discussing
with illustrations and pictures. Through these activities, we achieved 3.23%, andexceeded the target.

Niigata Mill Energy Saving Case
Masahito Washidu
Niigata Mill, Hokuetsu kishu Paper Co.,Ltd.
In recent years, countries have been required to take measures against global
environmental problems such as global warming, and Japan aimed to reduce CO2
emissions in FY 2030 by 26% from FY 2013 by draft of COP 21 promise.(1 Hokuetsu
Kishu Paper also has been trying to conserve energy by launching an energy
conservation project in order to contribute to the draft of the promise of COP 21. In
this paper, we introduce examples of energy conservation by 'Steam trap diagnosis
in Niigata factory' and 'First screen high efficiency improvement of Niigata No. 8'
conducted at the Hokuetsu Kishu Paper Niigata Plant.

Effective utilization of energy by chemicals for boiler water treatment
Koji Aoki
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
Chemicals for boiler water treatment are evolved out of a long process forrequirement of energy saving. In this paper, 3 topics which we concerned in theenergy saving activities of each factory with boiler water treatment chemicals arebriefly described.
Low pressure boilers in which feed water are mainly softened water have aproblem with mineral scales deposited on the internal heating surface. The scales
adversely affect energy efficiency of those boilers. A scale remover has been requiredin addition to conventional chemicals, but if remover is added excessively, the boiler
tubes made of carbon steel may be damaged.
Kurita Water Industries has invented a multi-purpose chemical for preventing
scaling and corrosion in boilers and removing deposited scales. It contributes to theenergy saving of each factory through the stable and efficient boiler operation.

Energy Saving Bag Filter
Hiroyasu Hattori

HATTORI ENGINEERING Ltd.
In this paper three topics which I was concerned to the development were briefly
described.
We understand the importance of particulate filtration and emissions monitoring
delivering environmentally friendly and economically viable solutions to yourbusiness.
Increasing economic and environmental pressures on the paper industry places
significant importance on maximizing manufacturing performance and process
efficiencies throughout the entire plant operation.
Pentair Environmental Systems (PES), through its globally recognized brands
Goyen and Mecair, continue to deliver industry leading filter cleaning systems andemissions monitoring solutions to industry, supported by over 100 years of combined
market intelligence and application experience.
We offer a dedicated Research and Development team pioneering industry
leading products and customizing solutions. World class manufacturing in two
locations, global offices and local technical experts who will ensure all aspects ofparticulate filtration and emissions monitoring are optimized, supporting yourbusiness in delivering quality product, competitively.

Energy and Cost saving by Doctoring optimization
Toshifumi Wakabayashi
Valmet K.K.
Our experience says that 99% of all doctoring positions can be somehow improved.
Very often, the money spent on doctor blades is considered as doctoring costs.
However, doctoring affects costs far beyond the cost of blades and holders, andtherefore there is often a large improvement potential. The improvement can comefrom a variety of sources like increased runnability, improved blade durability, more
efficient logistic solutions, reduced energy consumption and more. Sometimes unit
price of a blade can be important for a mill, but most often the focus should be onother ways of improving the doctoring economics. This paper introduces energy andcost saving by doctoring optimization.

Introductionof energy-saving examples that can be realized at low cost

Takehiro Uwafuji
Miura Co., Ltd.
MIURA has recently strengthened the proposal of "total solutions" to solve
customers' problems, under the slogan "Let's deliver the cheapest, best heat, waterand environmental products in the world to customers around the world".
Energy conservation by large-scale capital investment is also continuingly highdemand, but energy conservation examples that can be realized at low cost are
increasing year by year, from this point of view, from the viewpoint like this, fromthe viewpoint of heat related, compressor related, water related, factory waste hotwater I will introduce relevant energy saving case examples.
In any case, "visualization" of energy is important, and we hope that our
technology will contribute to your energy conservation plan even a little.

Introduction of Fajar Paper PM8 Engineering
Ryosuke Taki
Paper Machinery Engineering Dept., Kobayashi Engineering Works, Ltd.
We, Kobayashi Engineering Works, Ltd. received an order in 2014 of renovation &relocation project of PM8 from Fajar Paper who is biggest paperboard supplier inIndonesia. The purpose of this PM8 project is a secondhand machine imported from
Europe was producing the information paper and remodeling to produce thecorrugating boxboard.

Chlorine and Potassium Removal System using Evapo-Crystallization method CRP
System; Chlorine Removal Process
Kenichi Fukushima
EPC Department, VEOLIA JENETS K.K.
In the craft pulp recovery cycle, chloride and potassium coming from wood chip as
raw material are accumulated in the process, and what is concentrated in effluent

gas dust drained from a recovery boiler is well known. A melting point of the dust
decreases by concentrated chloride and potassium, and there might be concern
about clogging of the boiler, corrosion, and drop of the boiler ability. Conventionally,
the method to decrease the chloride and potassium concentration that rose was todiscard the dust at electric dust collector. Therefor this conventional method causes
loss of the soda and expenses to supply soda increase. In the effort that craft pulp
industry continues working hard to raise the integrity for the recovery cycle, thisproblem is becoming a serious problem. To improve this problem, the systemremoval chloride and potassium included in the dust is necessary. The CRP™
system which is evapo-crystallization method has been developed in such abackground. The CRP™ system which piled up the experiences at all over the worldis introduced.

ACA Permi Online Air Permeability Analyzer and RoQ Roll Hardness Profiler
Yohei Suzuki
SHIN-NIHON CORPORATION
Generally, Porosity measurement used to considered that it can not be measured
on-line as it takes time. Therefore, it has been measured by sampling at off-line.
Permi Online Porosity Analyzer of ACA Systems (Finland) is a system that canmeasure porosity on-line in real time. Permi can calculate the porosity by any
method such as Gurley, Bendtsen, Coresta at high speed. The measurement data
will be saved in SQL format on the server PC. Online porosity measurement willbring many merits such as system control and quality control.
Measurement of roll hardness has been common with hammering method or
Schmidt hammer. However, these methods have problems such as measurement
error and time consuming. RoQ Roll Hardness Profiler of ACA Systems is anext-generation device that solves these problems. It is possible to measure the rollhardness with high accuracy. Furthermore, measurement data can be taken out in
Excel format.

Biorefinery of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch by Nitric Acid Prehydrolysis Soda Cooking.
Production of Furfural and Dissolving Pulp
Agusta Samodra Putra, Akiko Nakagawa-izumi, Mikio Kajiyama, and Hiroshi Ohi
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Abundant waste agricultural residues such as oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB)
can provide alternative sources of biomass for producing furfural. The aims of thisstudy were to propose a method of preparing furfural and dissolving pulp (DP) from
EFB using prehydrolysis with nitric acid, and to examine how the prehydrolysate,
which contains xylan, can be used for furfural production. The furfural yield in the
nitric acid prehydrolysate was increased to 6.2% of the EFB material weight bydehydration with an acid catalyst. Nitric acid prehydrolysis followed by soda
cooking under atmospheric pressure was also applied to the preparation of DP. The
obtained pulp was then bleached by using peroxymonosulfuric acid (Psa), chlorine
dioxide (D0, D1), and hydrogen peroxide (Ep) in the elementary chlorine-free
Psa-D0-Ep-D1 sequence. The pulp demonstrated a brightness of 90.4% ISO and a
viscosity of 6.5 cP, which met the National Standard of Indonesia, although thexylan content was a little high and the α-cellulose content was 83.0%.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

7

July 2018

Vol. 72, No. 7

Energy Saving Ⅱ
1
6
11

Saving Energy by Modifying Waste Paper Treatment Process……Shoichiro Yamada
Activities for Energy Saving in Tokai Mill……Takuya Kato
Energy Saving Study Process and Examples Using the Heat Recovery Solution……Yasuhide Takuma and Syo Tamura『Water heat utilization system』
17 Activities for Energy Saving in PM8……Yusuke Nishimukai
20 Recent CO2 Reduction Technology by High Biomass Co-firing in Coal-burning Boilers……Hitoshi Fukushima, Masato Tamura, Hidekazu Kasai, Shunichiro Ueno and Yasuo Matsunaga

Topics & Information

27

Fundamental Properties of Surface Modified Pulp Sheet

33

Precision Forestry Technology in Industrial Plantation

		 ―TEMPO-Oxidized Pulp/Aliphatic Amine Salts―
		 ……Yukinori Kobayashi, Yasutomo Noishiki and Manabu Yamamoto……Eiji Iwata, Kenichiro Suyama, Nobuaki Urata, Katuhiko Nakahama, Kazuya Nanto,
		 Tomotaka Shinya, Akiyoshi Kawaoka, Sakae Shibusawa, Masakazu Kodaira, Ko Kato and		 Hiroyuki Obanawa

39
43

Industrial Internet as Valmet Service……Jari Almi，Johanna Newcomb and Masahiro Kanee

Introduction of On-Line TOC Analyzer for Waste Water

		 ―On-Line TOC Analyzer Especially Suitable for Sample with Lots of Salts or Suspensions―
		 ……Shuichi Akasaka

46

Big Data Management in Paper Manufacturing

53

Pulsar/Kawanoe Latest Converting Line Technology for Household Paper

65

How The Paper Industry in Japan Has Technologically Responded to
The Paradigm Shifts of The Japanese Society―A Vision of the Future of Data-Driven Paper Making―		 ……Mark Korby，Ian Padley，Masashi Hasegawa and Yuji Nishino―New Trends in The Configuration and Management of Converting Line―
		 ……Massimo Franzaroli and Masaya Onishi
58 A Report on the 28th ISO/TC 6 Meeting in Korea……Takanori MiyanishiPart 1：The Paper Industry as One of Industrial Sectors of The Japanese Economy
		 ……Kiyoaki Iida
Introduction of Research Laboratories
（124）

72

Tribology Laboratory，Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University

Review Article（Original Paper）

74

Alkaline Newsprint with High Brightness and High Opacity for Color Printing……Takanori Miyanishi

Technical Report（Original Paper）

91

Development of The Dry Paper Recycling Technology which Realizes a New
Office Papermaking System……Masahide Nakamura

Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（73）

105

Shimada Mill，Shin Tokai Paper Co., Ltd.

03
110

Committee report
Papyrus

119
125
135
136
138

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 July JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.7

Abstracts

Saving energy by modifying waste paper treatment process
Shoichiro Yamada
Kanto Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd.
The Kanto mill Soka, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd., has three paper machinesand nine wastepaper processes and produces industrial paper board including
cardboard.
This time, we had reviewed three wastepaper processes for PM2 and conducted two
countermeasures in order to save energy. The first one is the primary coarse screen
was stopped by reducing the pore diameter of pulper extraction plate. The second one
is process modification which two secondary fine screens were installed in series.
Energy saving case we implemented is reported below.

Activities for Energy Saving in Tokai Mill
Takuya Kato
Oji F-Tex Co., Ltd.
Amid rising interests over renewable energy, Oji group has been positively
progressing the utilization of biomass and hydroelectric power generation. Since paper
manufacturing is an energy-intensive industry, the amount of purchasing energy suchas LNG is still large. And the energy cost has a great influence on the profit, extraction
and implementation of energy saving projects that produce the effect quickly are
required. Since setting up an aim of reducing 1.5% of energy consumption from theprevious year and progressing energy‐saving activities in every Oji FTEX mills, and I
wrestle for energy saving activity, but have a hard time for the excavation of theenergy saving item newly.
Meanwhile, because I received the introduction of the energy saving apparatus
which enabled the consumption electricity reduction of the induction motor called“SHIGA SAVER” in the Tokai mill and there were the introduction results a lot and got

an effect, I installed “SHIGA SAVER” in the facilities in the factory and inspected anelectric power saving effect.
This paper presents “the energy saving with the SHIGA SAVER” as an example ofthe energy saving item.

Energy saving study process and examples using the Heat recovery solution『Water heat utilization system』
Yasuhide Takuma, Syo Tamura
ORGANO CORPORATION
The heat of water contained in wastewater and cooling water is discharged at manyfactories. Water heat utilization system is a water heat recovery system that uses our
total engineering and original review process. And it has high energy saving
performance and high investment effect. We introduce the system outline andexamples.
Activities for Energy Saving in PM8
Yusuke Nishimukai
Amagasaki Mill, Rengo Co.,Ltd
Rengo Co., Ltd has set a target, which is called Eco Challenge 020, of a 32%
reduction in CO2 emissions from the 1990 level by 2020. Amagasaki mill has formed a
special team “ecocha!“ to achieve this goal since 2014 and already met some successin it.
This report shows 3 examples of the reduction of steam consumption at the dryer
part. Firstly, the prevention of paper temperature reduction at size press part by
installing hood panel. Secondly, the improvement of sheet moisture profile andreduction of water consumption at moisture profiler by adjusting tabulator bar
position in dryer cylinders. Finally, the effective utilization of the flash steam fromthe final drain tank at steam heaters.

Recent CO2 reduction technology by high biomass co-firing in coal-burning boilers
Hitoshi Fukushima, Masato Tamura, Hidekazu Kasai, Shunichiro Ueno
Yasuo Matsunagakihi
IHI Corporation

andThere is a CO2 emission reduction method of burning woody biomass and coal, as atechnical method to reduce the CO2 emission of the coal fired power plant. So we have
performed studies and examinations for providing the useful technical knowledge.
Based on the result, we performed the verification test of 25cal% in a quality of woody
pellet with coal fired power plant of 149MW of Kamaishi Works in Nippon Steel &Sumitomo Metal Corporation. The boiler had been performing the stable operation
during that test. The text introduces the studies, examinations and verification test forhigh co-firing ratio of woody biomass.

Fundamental properties of surface modified pulp sheet―TEMPO-oxidized pulp/aliphatic amine salts―
Yukinori Kobayashi, Yasutomo Noishiki, manabu Yamamoto
Pulp and Paper Innovation Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation
Two TEMPO-oxidized pulps which have different carboxy group content (0.42 and0.86 mmol/pulp-g, respectively) were prepared from HBKP by TEMPO/NaBr/NaClO
system. Then, primary, secondary and tertiary aliphatic amines with different carbon
number of alkyl chain length (n-butyl, n-octyl, n-dodecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-octadecyl,
di-n-octyl, di-n-dodecyl, tri-n-octyl, tri-n-dodecyl-amines) were introduced into carboxy
groups present on TEMPO-oxidized pulps by neutralization. FT-IR analysis showedthat almost all of the carboxy groups on the surface of TEMPO-oxidized pulp changed
from acidic form to the carboxy/amine salt form in the case of primary amines, whereas
formation of amine salt by secondary and tertiary amines were harder than primaryamines, and the amount of amine salts was decreased in the order of secondary amines
andtertiaryamines.

The

introductionofabundant

long-alkyl

chainson

TEMPO-oxidized pulp resulted in the lower density and tensile strength of
TEMPO-oxidized pulp sheet, but such density was higher than original pulp and suchtensile strength was equivalent to original pulp. Contact angle of sheet was
dramatically increased because aliphatic amines made the surface of TEMPO-oxidized
pulps hydrophobic. The higher contact angle and tensile strength sheet compared withoriginal pulp was prepared from n-octyl amine salt of TEMPO-oxidized pulp with 0.86
mmol/pulp-g carboxy groups.

Development of Precision Forestry Technology That Boosts Biomass Production

Eiji Iwata, Kenichiro Suyama, Nobuaki Urata, Katuhiko Nakahama, Tomotaka Shinya,
Kazuya Nanto

andAkiyoshi Kawaoka

Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Sakae Shibusawa, Masakazu Kodaira
University of Agriculture and Technology
Ko Kato, Hiroyuki Obanawa
Chiba University
In this study, we developed a biomass increase production technology andmeasurement technology to dramatically increase the amount of cellulose per unit
area of afforested trees at the eucalyptus afforestation site owned by the Nippon Paper
Group in the northern part of Brazil. Specifically, the following three items were
implemented to realize this. (1) Development of large-area soil evaluation systemusing a soil sensing technology. (2) Development of DNA marker breeding technology.
(3) Development of biomass estimation system using terrestrial laser scanner and
UAV.
This achievement will be used for wood biomass production at overseas plantations,with an aim to develop and strengthen a wide range of manufacturing industries thatuse wood biomass as major materials, as well as forestry.
Industrial Internet as Valmet Service
Jari Almi, Johanna Newcomb
Valmet Automation Inc. Finland
Masahiro Kanee
Valmet K.K.
Our background lies in 1960’s when our first automation solutions came to themarket.

In 1980’s we launched first distributed controls and monitoring systems, andin 1990’s we already were able to embed intelligence and advanced information into
the production processes.
In early 2000, we started to provide our customers with 24/7 remote services fortroubleshooting assistance and for preventive maintenance. Already since 2010 ourcustomers have been able to utilize our information services and remote analysis toincrease their productivity, end product quality and raw material efficiency.
Today, our customers can enjoy solutions that enable them to improve theirperformance by utilizing benchmark data and best practices regarding.

Introduction of on-line TOC Analyzer for waste water―On-line TOC Analyzer especially suitable for sample with lots of salts or suspensions―
Shuichi Akasaka
Mitsubishi

Chemical Analytech

Co.,Ltd

Online Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analyzers have become commonly used tomonitor abnormal values of industry sewage in recent years. The combustion-type
TOC analyzers are used in most cases, where we face many troubles by frequent
maintenance and part replacements due to samples with higher salt concentration andsuspended solids. One of the advantages is the two step destruction with ozone as theoxidant, which gives oxidation efficiency equivalent to the combustion-type analyzers.
Another advantage is a wide sampling tube, φ2 i.d. or larger, which prevents the tube
being clogged with samples.
Further, the instrument is suitable for measuring industry sewage because thewet-type oxidation with ozone

will not be affected by coexisting salts.

Big Data Management in Paper Manufacturing-A Vision of the Future of Data-Driven Paper MakingMark Korby, Ian Padley, Masashi Hasegawa, Yuji Nishino
Spectris. Co., Ltd.
The rise of big data, meaning the collection, analysis, and visualization of
exponentially greater quantities of information, is having a disruptive impact on
papermaking. Dramatically better methods for generating, storing, analyzing andunderstanding data are giving progressive paper manufacturers fresh opportunities togain advantages. This can result in smoother operation with fewer process upsets,lower raw material consumption, improved efficiency, and better bottom-line
profitability.
In this article, we will review the ways in which data has been used in paper making
in the past, and what the current practices are today at many companies. We will thenlook at other advanced data management methods that are not as widely used today,
but can offer competitive advantages. Finally, we will speculate on where big data
management might be going in the future.

Pulsar/Kawanoe Latest Converting Line Technology for Household Paper―New Trends in The Configuration and Management of Converting Line―
Massimo Franzaroli
Pulsar Srl
Masaya Onishi
Kawanoe Zoki Co., Ltd.
Kawanoe Zoki has built partnership with Pulsar, Italy since July, 2017 and we are
now pleased to introduce and offer the products and the latest technology of Pulsar forthe domestic customers. Among a number of innovative products, we would say thefollowing products are the most effective and attractive for the domestic markets.
These are – 1. Product quality inspection equipment, 2. Conveyancing system forhousehold products line, 3. Performance assessment analysis software for householdproducts line.
Since there has not been any superior Product quality inspection equipment (fortoilet roll as well as packing products) so far in the world market, major European
tissue makers commencing with Italy has started to recognize Pulsar’s prominent
optics technology and adopt its products. In domestic market, one tissue maker has
installed Product quality inspection equipment last year and inspection work has beenshifted from manual labor to unattended.
In cooperation with Pulsar in combination with our household tissue converting
machines, we believe that we would be able to offer more flexible and effective
solutions to the customer than ever.

How the paper industry in Japan has technologically responded to the paradigm shifts of theJapanese societyPart 1The paper industry as one of industrial sectors of the Japanese economy

Kiyoaki Iida
When you plot the annual consumption of paper and paperboard against the year,
the axis of the consumption being a logalithmic scale, the gradient at a certain year
represents the rate of change at that year.

The paper and paperboard consumption inJapan was plotted in that way since 1950, and two sharp drops in the rate of change
per year were found, one around 1970-1975 from 13.2% to 3.8% and the other around1995-2000 from 3.8% down to minus 0.9%. The Japanese DGP (nominal) behaved in
the same way and its rate of change per year decreased from 14.5% to 8.6% in the first
period and further went down to 0.0% in the second period. The fact suggests that theJapanese society experienced the paradigm shift at those two periods and the paper
and paperboard production was also affected.
The Japanese paper industry maintained the share of about 3% in the totalindustrial output (based on money), though in a downward trend, since the World War
II. It is quite unique, as other industries experienced large ups and downs. It isbecause the Japanese paper industry supplied the most of domestic demand, againstpressures from foreign suppliers. In fact, its import and export volumes have been lessthan 10% of the total production.
The Japanese paper industry has technologically responded to those paradigm shifts,
and has been substantial in the Japanese economy. Its technological efforts will befollowed in the next issues.

Development of Alkaline Newsprint Grade with High Brightness and High Opacity
for Color Printing
Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPI
Several mill trials on a twin wire gap former suggested that neutral PCC(Precipitated Calcium Carbonate) filled newsprint has high brightness and opacity,and is technically feasible. Sheet formation was good, physical properties were
acceptable, and print quality such as ink transfer and print through was excellent.
However, more linting propensity was observed. To solve this problem, Prüfbau
printing tests and EPMA (Electron Probe Micro Analysis) were employed for theevaluation of linting tendency and paper sheet structure. PCC fillers retained bymechanical filtration were observed near the paper surface as agglomerates.
Laboratory studies found that using a retention aid improved two-sidedness of paperand distribution of PCC fillers by colloidal forces, and reduced linting propensity.
Based upon these results, the next mill trial was performed. For effective use ofretention aid, zeta potential of the paper machine headbox was monitoredcontinuously by an on-line instrument and was controlled into the proper range. Stockinlet pH was stable at 7.5-8 due to the buffering effect of PCC, and no darkening of
mechanical pulp was observed. No paper breaks or foaming troubles occurred. The
first pass retention was increased and two-sidedness and linting of the newsprint weredecreased to satisfactory levels. The neutral papermaking technology of newsprint was
successfully applied to develop value added high brightness and high opacity wood
containing printing grade and generated ample profit to paper mills.

Development of the dry paper recycling technology which realizes a new office papermaking
systemMasahide Nakamura
PL Business Management Department, Printing Solutions Operations Division, Seiko Epson
Corporation
We have developed a new “dry paper recycling technology” and commercialized a“dry office papermaking system” that creates new paper from used paper at offices
under the users’ care. Although direct dissolving processing has become widespread asa means of recycling confidential documents generated from offices, confidential
leakage due to accidents during transportation is a risk as cardboard boxes containing
confidential documents are transported to a paper company during the processing. As
a solution, the office papermaking machine made it possible to realize bothconfidential deletion and recycling at users’ site without bringing confidential
documents to the outside.
The developed technologies consist three technologies; "defibration technology" fordecomposing used paper into each one pulp fiber, "sheet forming technology" forforming fibers again into a uniform sheet,"pressing and binding technology" forincreasing fiber density and bonding pulp fibers each other to create new papers. By
doing these in dry processes, we realized a small sized and low power consumption
papermaking machine to be able to create on-demand paper recycling system. This
recycled paper can be used to print as a PPC（plain paper copier） paper. In addition,
to further increase the utility value as a papermaking system, we incorporate
technology to create cardboard various thickness and colored paper according to theuser's setting freely.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

8

August 2018

Vol. 72, No. 8

Pulp
1
3
21
31
37
47
51
57
64
69
74
79
83

Report on the 24th Pulping Seminar……Pulp Technical Committee，JAPAN TAPPISupply and Demand of Wood Chips for Paper Producing and Its Worldwide
Trends……Kiyoshi Kamikawa
Chip Mill Operation and Woodchip Quality Control……Kenji Yoshinaga and Hiroshi Tachikawa

Current Situation and Issue of Recovered Paper in Japan―Especially for Tissue Paper Making―……Kouichi Nakada

DIP Technologies to Apply for Today’s Low Grade Waste Paper……Kazumi Fujita
Application of Stabilized Halogen in Deinked Pulp Manufacturing, and Its
Benefits……Shintaro Sato
Factors Affecting Pulp Yield and Improvement Measures……Hitoshi Tsuchida and Jungo Nishimuki

Fundamentals of KP Brownstock Washing and Technical Trend of Washingin Japan……Makoto Iwasaki
Importance of Brownstock Washing Process and Andritz Brownstock Washing
Technology……Kanji Hagiwara and Ryo Yoshida
Development of Wash Machine and The Technologies for Improving Washing
Efficiency……Yan Ju
Characteristics of Pulp Mill Effluents and Activated Sludge Process……Masayuki Watanabe

The Wastewater Treatment Systems in The Pulp and Paper Mill……Toshihiko Abe
Principles of Kraft Cooking and Computer Simulation of Continuous Digester……Takanori Miyanishi

Topics & Information

93
97

101

New Stock Preparation Portfolio―Voith BlueLine Product……Junichi Miura
Energy Saving and Demonstration of Operation Experience by New Integrated
Lime Kiln……Hiroto Tsuchida
How The Paper Industry in Japan Has Technologically Responded to
The Paradigm Shifts of The Japanese SocietyPart 2：The Paper Industry in the 1970s ⑴……Kiyoaki Iida
Introduction of Research Laboratories
（125）

112

Forest Tree Breeding Center，Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute，
Forest Research and Management Organization

Research Report（Original Paper）

116

Kraft Cooking and Bleaching Ability of Low-density Acacia Wood and Hardwoods
with Varying Chemical Characteristics of Lignin……Keishi Tanifuji，Ken Nozaki，Taro Sugiura and Hiroshi Ohi
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（74）

130

Kushiro Mill, Oji Materia Co., Ltd.

03
114
115
134

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

138
143
151
152
154

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 August JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.8

Abstracts

Supply and Demand of Wood Chips for Paper Producing and Its Worldwide Trends
Kiyoshi kamikawa
Managing Director, Japan Paper Association
Paper and paperboard is indispensable for human life and its main raw material iswood chips. Pulp and recovered paper are also used as raw materials for paper andpaperboard producing but their raw materials are also derived from wood chips. So, it
can be surely said that paper and paperboard is almost 100% produced from woodchips. The demand for paper and paperboard has been decreasing after Lehman shock
mainly due to the development of IT technology. So, the production of paper andpaperboard has been also decreasing thereafter. About 70% of woodchips is imported
and the imports of woodchips by China have been increasing very rapidly because

China has recently been No.1 paper and paperboard producing country in the world.
As for domestic wood chips, the demand of wood chips for biomass has been soaring
due to the expansion of wood biomass energy generation by FIT. Therefore, thedemand and supply situation of wood chips has been getting very harsh andcompetitive. On the other hand, Clean Wood Act has been enacted in 2017 to tackle
illegal logging ensuing the degradation of forests on the earth and the traceability ofwood chips is strongly required by users and consumers. Besides, the increase ofcertified wood chips by FSC, PEFC or SGEC is the urgent agenda to secure thesustainability of global environments.

Chip Mill Operation and Woodchip Quality Control
Kenji Yoshinaga and Hiroshi Tachikawa
Forestry Dept., Raw Materials & Purchasing Div., Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Chipmill managers are not only adjusting their chipping operation in order to fulfill
various requirements from customers, but also improving it day by day toward
cost-down. There are two famous procedures for woodchip size analysis; one is“TAPPI-UM21 Sieve Analysis of Pulpwood Chips”, and the other is “SCAN-CM 40:01
Size Distribution”. Since it takes normally only seven minutes (TAPPI) or ten minutes(SCAN) per sample, these are commonly utilized for on-site quality control at chipmill.
Chipsize is determined by three dimentions of the woodchip; length, thickness, andwidth. Especially for the chip length, we have to fully understand each of thecomponents of the chipper along with their roles, and also properly have to adjust andto maintain them through precise check-out. Although there are several types ofchipper, in this paper we mainly described about the characteristics and structure ofCarthage chipper, Sumner chipper, and Norman disc chipper.
Referred to chipper components, we explained the function of spout, feed plate, wear
plate, knife holder, chipper knife, counter knife, vertical anvil, and horizontal anvil.
Also we described the procedure to adjust them using knife adjusting frame, chipper
knife gauge, and thickness gauge. Although we listed up woodchip specification
failures during operation and their trouble-shootings, some of the solutions are fully
based on the fair condition of the chipper disk and stability of its shaft. Therefore it isvery important to establish good maintenance team with sophisticated procedures,
otherwise there is a possibility that they cannot even notice of the fundamental fault
and repeat useless patching-up measures toward each trouble.
At the last part of this paper, we introduced one example of static chipper mill andone from infield chipper. The former is Fulghum Industries 96” – 10 knife disk chipper
operated by AMCEL – Amapá Florestal e Celulose S.A. in Northern Brazil, and they
process debarked Eucalyptus urograndis logs, cut to lengh by seven meters for each.
The latter is Peterson Pacific DDC-5000G (later 5000H) mobile chipper operated by
Croxley Pty Ltd in Western Australia, and they do infield-chipping operation for
Eucalyptus globulus whole trees, producing woodchip with spec for pulp & paper.

Current situation and issue of recovered paper in Japan
Kouichi Nakada
Paper Recycling Promotion Center
The recovery rate of paper and paperboard in Japan has reached to 80.9%. The
recovery papers has satisfied 64.1% of the fiber demand for paper making in 2017
(utilization rate) and the balance are exported for overseas demand.
64.1% is a highest utilization rate in the world and we are aiming to lift it to 65.0%
by the year of 2020.

To promote the utilization of recovered papers, it is essential to keep and improve
the quality, well-sorted and clean. The scheme for sophisticated sorting, inspections
and selection has been built through all stage in recovering with the cooperative
working among the consumers, recyclers, local governments, and paper makers under
the initiative of Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

This philosophy of paper

recycling enables us to keep higher recovery and utilization rate and to support theexport.
We are experiencing the drastic modification of quality demands from overseas
recently. It looks impacting the supply and demand of all over the world including
Japan. With knowing the changes in the world, it is recognized the significantly
important to maintain and improve the quality of recovered papers in Japan, whichleads to the sustainable recovery system.
We would like to report the current situation and issues for recovered paper in Japan.

DIP Technologies to Apply for Today's Low Grade Waste Paper-Especially for tissue paper makingKazumi Fujita
AIKAWA Iron Works Co.,Ltd.
Today’s DIP raw material waste paper for tissue paper is quantitatively limited by
reduction of production of writing-printing paper. Since the Mixed Waste Paper (MIX)
import prohibition by Chinese government at the end of 2017, the price hike andquantitative tightening situation of waste paper in Japan have been slightly mitigated,but the low quality tendency of available waste paper is not improved.
From the viewpoint of life cycle assessment, the raw materials of tissue paper
should have the optimum balance of waste paper and virgin pulp, and we believe that
effective use of waste paper by the newest DIP technologies contributing to energy
saving and global warming prevention should be sustainable, based on thefundamental signification of waste paper recycling, such as securing raw material for
paper making, effective use of resources and formation of a recycling society by waste
reduction.
Our target would be "to achieve 65% recycled paper rate in 2020" set by Japan
Paper Association. The inbound effect by the Tokyo Olympic Games 2020 also might be
expected. We would then like to introduce in this paper the AIKAWA DIP technologies,
especially for the tissue making stock preparation process, i.e. Pulping and pulper
continuous de-trashing, Coarse screen rejecting with no fiber loss, Washing &floatation, UV-ink dispersion, First pass retention improvement by POM compact wet
end system, White water treatment by DAF, and Cleaners for tissue paper machinefabrics.

Application of stabilized halogen in deinked pulp manufacturing, and its benefits
Shintaro Sato
Katayama Nalco Inc.
This paper is written regarding efficiency of hydrogen peroxide bleaching in deinked
pulp plants. First, the paper explains technical background of interference withperoxide bleaching by bacteria, and stabilized halogen technology in pulp and paperindustry. Then, the experiment is reported that deinked pulp treated bymonochloramine which is well utilized stabilized halogen gave more efficient bleaching
than no treatment. Lastly, the paper introduces mill experiences from few deinked
pulp plants that bleaching efficiency improvement was achived by applying
monochloramine. Some other benefits at the viewpoint of plant operation were also
reported as additional return from the application.

Factors affecting pulp yield and improvement measures
Hitoshi Tsuchida and Jungo Nishimuki
Techncal Sales Dept., Hakuto Co., Ltd
The external environmental change that the pulp industry should pay attention to
include the reduction of paper demand, the expansion of wood demand, and theutilization of wood resources as the information transmission and recording meanschange.
As wood resources depend on imports, the Kraft pulp manufacturing method is themainstream, and most of the manufacturing variable costs are raw wood costs. As thedomestic paper pulp industry, it is important to know how to produce high quality pulp
The merit of obtaining is very large.
As factors influencing the pulp yield, it is necessary to appropriately adjust theoperating conditions such as optimum chemical composition, pH, temperature, time,pressure, etc. through cooking and bleaching processes, and to assist in the cooking
and bleaching process The use of agents can be mentioned.
As a proposal for measures to improve pulp yield, we will report on the prevention ofelution of components that can become pulp and investigation of the optimum
operation pH region, focusing on re-adsorption, and our newly developed products withthe same concept.

Fundamentals of KP Brownstock Washing and Technical Trend of Washing in Japan
Makoto Iwasaki
MIP Consultant Office
The purpose of brownstock washing is to separate spent cooking chemicals anddissolved organic wood solids from unbleached fiber with using as little washing liquor
as possible. The brownstock washing is defined that a separation process locatedbetween the cooking stage and the bleaching stage or paper machine depending on thetype of stock being produced, however,this article describes about basic knowledge ofpulp washing included with Hi-heat washing in a continuous digester, blow line
washing, washing before and after O2 delignification stage as well as washing inbleaching stage. At the same time, the changes of equipment for KP washing in Japan
are introduced briefly.

Importance of Brownstock Washing Process and Andritz Brownstock Washing Technology
Kanji Hagiwara and Ryo Yoshida
Andritz K.K.
Brown-stock Washing Process is one of the key processes in Kraft Pulp Mill.
Purposes of Brown-stock Washing Process are (1) remove dissolve organic material andin-organic material from pulp which are generated in cooking process and oxygen
delignification process, and send filtrate to recovery process.

Efficiency ofBrown-stock washing is very important for Kraft pulp recovery process.

This paper

explains basic and important points of brown-stock washing technology.
Development of wash machine and the technologies for improving washing efficiency
Yan JuValmet K. K.

Services business line

With development of washing machine, it is common understanding that wash press(especially TwinRollTM Press Evolution, TRPE) is mainly adopted for washing pulp
recently. By installation of the wash press it is possible to recover the chemicals andthe dissolved wood components efficiently, and reduce COD carry over to the bleachingplant. On the other hand, by installation of the wash press in the beaching plant(especially in D0 stage) it is also possible to minimize COD carry over to the next
bleaching stage, and adjust the beaching conditions easily (pH, temperature etc.),
reduce the bleaching chemical consumption, and minimize the discharge of effluent.
With DiConnTM system it is possible to increase the washing efficiency both inwashing zone of the digester and in the pressure diffuser, produce more flash steam,and increase dry solid content in weak black liquor which is related to reduce thesteam consumption in the evaporation plant.

Characteristics of Pulp Mill Effluents and Activated Sludge Process
Masayuki Watanabe
Research Laboratory. Nippon Paper Industries Co., LtdIn pulp and paper mills, flocculent settling process, a kind of physicochemical
process, and activated sludge (AS) process, a kind of biological process, have been used
for wastewater treatment. The former is to remove SS by flocculation with chemicals,
and the latter is to decompose dissolved organic matter by aerobic bacteria.
Wastewater in the pulp and paper mill is classified to wastewater from KP plant,
wastewater from DIP plant and wastewater from paper machine, each of whichcontains various organic matters. The former two, pulp mill effluents, are treated with
AS process in most cases.
In order to evaluate characteristics of pulp mill effluents, dissolved organic matter inwastewater from each pulp plant was fractionated into five components : hydrophobic
acid (HoA), hydrophobic neutral, base, hydrophilic acid, hydrophilic neutral. Based on
measurements of the degradation rates of the fractionated components, it was
confirmed that the most refractory matter was fractionated into HoA. The main sourceof HoA was KP bleaching process drainage, and a major composition of HoA seemed tobe lignin.
Degradability of wastewater was affected by not only characteristics of wastewater
but also performance of AS. Biodegradation test with combination of wastewater and
AS indicated that AS samples of some mills had different ability for degradation. And,
Genetic analysis suggested that high performance AS had much bacteria preferring
aromatic compounds which were hardly degradable.

The wastewater treatment systems in the pulp and paper mill
Toshihiko Abe
Sumitomo Heavy Industries Environment Co., Ltd.
The wastewater from pulp and paper mill is classified into the following 4(four)kinds. a. pulp wastewater b. KP evaporator drain wastewater c. paper machine
wastewater d. DIP wastewater. The wastewater treatment systems are decided about
by the factory scale, locational condition and production item, etc...
Typical wastewater treatment systems are Primary coagulation sedimentation,
Activated sludge and Post coagulation sedimentation, wastewater is processed below
the processing water quality standard and drained in a public area.
Oji Paper Co., Ltd. Tomioka factory introduced EGSB system (methane fermentation
system) of energy and space saving. The biogas is used as supplement fuel of a kiln,
and the energy recovery.

Principles of Kraft Cooking and Computer Simulation of Continuous Digester
Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPIThe computer model was developed to simulate two-vessel Kamyr continuous
digester. The model was a static model that simulated steady state processes forprocess optimization and retrofit feasibility studies. A new equation that described
cellulose degradation by dissolved lignin was incorporated in our model, which made it
possible to evaluate the effects of multiple points of black liquor extraction. One of thekraft digesters of Nippon Paper Industries was designed by MCCTM (Modified
Chemical Cooking). Prior to the startup, simulation was performed to predict pulp
yield and strength properties of hardwood pulp. Simulation shows that higher pulp
viscosity and yield were obtained at a given kappa number by several modified cooking
methods. The dissolution of the hemicelluloses was best understood by separately
considering the two major types: glucomannan and xylan. The content of xylan in MCC
cooked pulp was higher than that of the conventional pulp because xylan remained
relatively stable to alkali. As hardwood chips contain more xylan than softwood chips,
it was predicted that the pulp yield increase in MCCTM and EMCCTM (Extended

Modified Chemical Cooking) would be more pronounced in hardwood kraft pulp thanin softwood kraft pulp.

New stock preparation Portfolio - Voith BlueLine ProductJunichi miura
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Modern stock preparation has to provide maximum performance with the highest
system efficiency. Efficiency means not only using less energy, fiber and water, but alsosustainability in terms of quality and reliability. Machines in stock preparation havebeen developed what are demanded by the period and improved day by day in long
history continuing providing the machines. Also surroundings and the needs arechanged a lot in different countries.
In this change, Voith presents its new product portfolio BlueLine for stock
preparation from several thousand references and experiences in a variety of productranges.

Energy Saving and Demonstration of Operation Experience by New Integrated Lime Kiln
Hiroto Tsuchida
Hokkaido Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd
Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd Hokkaido Mill-Asahikawa has two lime kilns inrecausticizing process of kraft pulp plant. Lime kiln, which is part of the process formaking alkaline solution used in kraft pulping, is lime reburning process to convert
calcium carbonate to calcium oxide.
We implemented major upgrade on one of kilns with the aim of shutting down
remaining kiln to reduce heavy oil consumption.
In this paper, we will report on the details of the upgrade work, energy saving anddemonstration of operation experience by new integrated lime kiln.

How the paper industry in Japan has technologically responded to the paradigm shifts of theJapanese societyPart 2：The Paper Industry in the 1970s (1)Kiyoaki Iida
The period from 1970 to 1975 was one of paradigm shifts of Japanese society, as oil
price hiked, the Rome Club warned that resources are limited, and the environment
deteriorated severely due to the rapid economic expansion ahead of it. The paperindustry, suffering imminent free trade of paper, steep rise of wood price andcomplaints on its pollution from public, had a sense of crisis for its businessTo cope with the problems, it invested more than 800 billion yen to control pollution
acceptable, mostly on effluent treatment, in the five years. As for wood supply,
hardwood could be one of main wood supplies, wood chips were imported
systematically, and old newsprint could be processed to newsprint furnish.
What happened in those years were characterized as a technological revolution in
Japan.

The solid state was a key technology, and every industry in Japan, similarly

making the best of it, became prosperous in the world. In the paper industry, many
new paper machines were installed. Paper companies worked with unique and close
cooperation with domestic suppliers who were licensees of foreign equipment suppliers,
and improved their production capability to the top level in the world, and becamecompetitive to imported products.
The next issue will discuss energy saving and international business in those years
and sum up the era.

Kraft Cooking and Bleaching Ability of Low-density Acacia Wood and Hardwoods with
Varying Chemical Characteristics of Lignin
Keishi Tanifuji , Ken Nozaki and Taro Sugiura
Hokuetsu Corpolation.
Hiroshi Ohi
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Low-density acacia (Acacia hybrid) wood chips, relatively high-density acacia(Acacia mearnsii) wood chips, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) wood chips, andJapanese mixed hardwood chips were cooked through a kraft cooking process using thecontinuous conventional mill digester. Chemical composition of these wood chips andproperties of the obtained pulps were compared. Low-density acacia wood chips
showed the highest lignin content, the lowest combined yield of syringaldehyde andvanillin obtained by alkaline nitrobenzene oxidation analysis of the lignin, and theworst cooking response among the four kinds of woods. When the mixture ratio of
low-density acacia wood chips in the feedstock was increased, pulp yield andhemicellulose (xylan) content of the pulp were decreased. The physical properties(breaking length, bursting strength, and folding endurance) of the bleached kraft pulp
hand sheets slightly decreased with decreasing xylan content of the pulp. However,changes in the hand sheet strength properties had negligible effects on the quality ofthe paper products.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNALCONTENTS

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Vol. 72, No. 9

Papermaking Technology Ⅰ
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28
33

Report of 23rd Papermaking Technical Seminar……Papermaking Technology Committee，JAPAN TAPPI
Latest Technology and History of Calender Section……Yoshiki Kabutoya

History of Winder Technology and Recent Trouble Shooting References……Yasushi Tachikawa

Winder Improvement Examples of Winder Improvements and Labor Saving ofFinishing-Part in the Future……Shoichiro Hayashi
About Finish Facilities Labor-Saving……Ryosuke Yago
The Method of Prevention Against Insect Entry to Production Factory Applying
Ventilation Unit with Automatic Cleaning Filter―The Method of Prevention Against Foreign Objects with Pressure Control Inside the Building―		 ……Futoshi Okamura and Kenichi Mitunaga
Topics & Information

38
44
49

The Comprehensive Chemical Approach for Realization of Stable Operation by
the Optimum foam Control……Kazuaki Tsuchida
Polyacrylamide-based Pitch Control Agent for Pulp and Papermaking Process……Takuji Sodeyama

How The Paper Industry in Japan Has Technologically Responded to
The Paradigm Shifts of The Japanese SocietyPart 2：The Paper Industry in the 1970s ⑵……Kiyoaki Iida
Research Report（Original Paper）

58 All-cellulose Materials Adhered with Cellulose Nanofibrils……Junji Nemoto,		 Shota Fukushima, Atsushi Kobayashi, Minami Tagawa, Tsuguyuki Saito and Akira Isogai
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（75）

75

Kanto Mill Soka, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

81

71st JAPAN TAPPI General Meeting

03
57
112

Committee report
Coffee break
Papyrus

121
126
135
136
138

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 September JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.9

Abstracts

Latest technology and history of Calender section
Yoshiki Kabutoya
Paper Technology, Valmet K.K.
Calendering is one of the fundamental elements in the paper finishing process.
Particularly in printing paper, in order to improve its printing suitability, finishing thesurface smoothly and giving gloss to paper are important in imparting value added tothe paper. On the other hand, technologies capable of executing energy saving andresource saving with better efficiency while seeking the quality of the target are
required, and technologies responding to it have been developed. In this paper, we
introduce the history and the latest technology of the calendar which have developed
technologies unique to each company in order to satisfy requirements of papermaking
machine and coating line speeding up, efficiency improvement and product type.

History of Winder Technology and Recent Trouble Shooting References
Yasushi Tachikawa
Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Looking back at the history of Winder, the machine has been developing with thechanging technology. At first, only Two-drum Winders were common until the 1960’s.
However, the development was advanced. Consequently, Single-drum Winder wasdeveloped in the 70’s, and in the 1990’s, VariPlus equipped with a center drive cameout. When entering the 2000’s, rubber-covered drum was introduced into the industry.
Rubber-cover has two advantages; first, it reduces vibration. Secondly, it enables
Winder to accept larger diameter of baby rolls than before. First benefit is vibration
alleviation. The flexible surface will follow and compensate the Cross Direction caliper
profile. Furthermore, the damping force through the material reduces vibration.
Second advantage is that rubber cover gives wider nip width. It allows producing
larger diameter of paper rolls with lower nip pressure even with the same nip linerload.
Even though there are lots of discussions about new equipment or retrofit technologyof the product, there are few practical statements about improvements for existingmachines. Therefore, here we show some actual improvements for typical troubles
based on the author’s experiences. Some examples will be introduced such as, forbetter performance, setting slitter in the right geometry. For reducing vibration androll kick-out, setting change of rider roll nip pressure for Two-drum Winder. To
improve vibration problem, parts replacement such as worn core chucks and radialplay of drive shafts for Single-drum Winder. In addition, setting change of friction
damper is effective for vibration reduce as well.
Recently, the acceleration and deceleration rate has been increased for capacity
improvement. However, due to vibration, many machines have tended to be prevented
from operation with the setting rate. Hydro-pneumatic damping system was developed,
and has been installed for new Winders. In the near future, the system needs to be
applied to not only new machines but the existing ones.

Winder improvement Examples of Winder improvements and labor saving of Finishing –part in the future
Shoichiro Hayashi
NAGAI TEKKO Co.,LTD
Nagai Tekko started business in 1938 at the corner of RENGO Chibune Mill.
In early stage , we grow up our technical skill by parts renewing and repairing at the
paper mill. In the 1956, we built a factory at Amagasaki City and grew up from repair
business to the manufacturer of paper machines.
In 1980s, we concentrated 2drum-Winder as our core business. Through the
OEM-Works, we developed original Winder Automation systems. It fit the customers
need of operator reducing.
Recently the needs of Automation systems step forward to the second phase.
We need to develop the new automatic devices or systems that fit the times. Especially
we must develop the system that solve the problem of the rapid worker decrease inJapan. For example Connect with the host computer will help reducing the input
errors by non expert. Other example Developing the machines without physicalstrength will help various workers. We will keep advancing technology from now on.

About Finish Facilities Labor-Saving
Ryosuke Yago
Designing Dept. JTEC Machine Manufacture
We are a papermaking machine maker mainly engaged in designing,
manufacturing and selling industrial machinery mainly for papermaking finishingequipment. In the paper industry, the finishing department is an important section for
determining product quality. The finishing department is difficult to automate, it
complicates the process due to diversification of quality as well as quality as well as
product form according to the user's requirement, so anyway it takes a labor intensive
work It is said that. However, in each industry regardless of the paper industry, laborsaving of work accompanying the automation of machines is proceeding and it is aproblem that can not be distracted. In the first place, saving labor is to eliminate laborand labor by introducing and streamlining machines, and as we are involved in thepaper manufacturing industry as a papermaking machine manufacturer, we mustpursue it. In such circumstances, we propose new facility investment for automatic
machines of "flat packaging machine", "skid packaging machine", "winding packaging
machine" which are finishing process packaging machines, and at the same time, We
have worked on labor-saving activities of users by investigating and remodeling andimproving machine problems and needs. In this thesis I will introduce and introduce
the latter activities.

The Method of Prevention Against Insect Entry to Production Factory

Applying Ventilation

Unit with Automatic Cleaning Filter-The method of prevention against foreign objects with pressure control inside the buildingKenichi Mitunaga and Futoshi Okamura
NIPPON PURETEC CO.,LTD（Air Filter Insect Protective）To keep the air pressure of production room positive
greatly contributes to protect insects from coming into the room. However, introductionof great deal outdoor air needs higher costs for air filter installation as well as for
operational and / or maintenance.
This system is the solution of above problem, by possibly being applied to the domestic
consuming paper plants, with the use of automatic insects evacuation style rotary discfilter together with outdoor air intake fans, aiming at the insect protection by thepressurized room air in economical way.

The comprehensive chemical approach for realization of stable operation by the optimum
foam control
Kazuaki Tsuchida
Nissin Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.
In the papermaking process, various troubles may be caused by foaming everywhere.
Troubles due to foam not only hinders operability and productivity but also often
adversely affects the quality of products, and foam control is extremely important insolving the above problem.
Since we began supplying papermaking chemicals to the paper manufacturing
companies nationwide in 1943, we have worked on improving foaming problems withour customers, we have a large selection of customized products for each customer
process, and as a chemical assistant for foaming troubleshooting today There.
In this paper, we describe our recent efforts on foam control method in each process.

Polyacrylamide-based Pitch Control Agent for Pulp and Papermaking Process
Takuji Sodeyama
Paper Chemicals Development, R&D Center, R&D Company, Harima Chemicals,Inc.
Deposits of organic contaminants can cause serious problems on runnability or
quality. Contaminants can come from wood (pitch) or from manmade sources throughrecycled fiber (stickies). They can impact the paper making process from the pulp millto the paper machine. Traditional methods to control pitch and stickies including
addition of talc or dispersants can hardly solve these problems in closed system ofwater.
We developed a novel pitch control agent based on amphoteric polyacrylamide forpulp and papermaking process. First, this agent can be adsorbed onto the surface oforganic contaminants, stabilize them in colloidal state, and reduce their surface
stickiness to prevent further agglomeration. Second, this allows the particles to beretained in the pulp sheet and removed from wet-end system without creating deposits.
Furthermore, this agent has excellent abilities of heat and alkaline resistance so thatit performs effectively in various pulp and papermaking conditions as well. We call thisagent the “AS series” concept for organic contaminant control.
In this paper, we introduce feature of “AS series” and trial results of improving pulp

quality and operation by applying it for pulp machine having pitch trouble.

How the paper industry in Japan has technologically responded to the paradigm shifts of theJapanese societyPart 2：The Paper Industry in the 1970s (2)Kiyoaki Iida
Following the previous issue, the technological approaches of the paper industry in
the 1970s were reviewed.
The sharp rise of oil price was devastating to the industry, which, as a whole,
started to save energy in any measures. As results, unit consumption of the totalenergy went down from 133 in 1981 to 92 in 1999, expressed in index with that in 1990
as 100. The ratio of yearly purchased energy value to that of yearly paper andpaperboard production was reduced from 19.5% in 1981 to 6.8% in 1993..
The menace of imported products was countered by improving cost performance of
products.
Synthetic pulp and paper, which were attractive in the late 1960a and expected totake a 20% share in the 1970s, failed due to oil price hike.
As a result, the paper industry, having technologically dealt with problems likeenvironmental pollution, scarce wood supply, high energy price and menace ofimported products, recovered profit more than the average of other industries. It was,moreover, understood in public that the industry was ecologically friendly andsustainable.
The technological development of process industries, one of which was the paperindustry, was stagnating in the 1990s and the revolution was beginning.

All-cellulose materials adhered with cellulose nanofibrils
Junji Nemoto, Shota Fukushima
Novel Materials Development Office, Hokuetsu Kishu Paper Co. Ltd.,
Atsushi Kobayashi, Minami Tagawa
Technical Department, Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co. Ltd.,
Tsuguyuki Saito and Akira Isogai
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of TokyoAll-cellulosic materials called vulcanized fibers, in which cellulose fibers aregelatinized and adhered to each other by zinc chloride, have been known for more than
150 years. However, the swelling and adhesion mechanisms have not yet been clarified.
In this study, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and specificsurface area (SSA) analyses of cellulose sheets treated with different concentrations ofaqueous zinc chloride solutions were performed to elucidate the behavior andmechanism of cellulose fibers adhering to one another during ZnCl2 treatment. The
X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the ZnCl2 treatment caused swelling ofintercrystalline regions but did not significantly change the original crystal structureof cellulose I. The SEM observation of the freeze-dried sheets revealed less aggregatedstructures of the fine fibers and the existence of three-dimensionally entangledcellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) between the cellulose microfibers. The increased SSA
values of the freeze-dried sheets supported the formation of CNFs during the ZnCl2
treatment. These results indicate that in these all-cellulosic materials, CNFs areentangled and form dense networks that are not completely detached in water. In
addition, the presence of moisture leads to more viscoelastic behavior as a result of slip
between the CNFs during tensile testing.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 10

CONTENTS

October 2018

Vol. 72, No. 10

Papermaking Technology Ⅱ
1
12
15
21

The Latest Trend of Folio Size Sheeter and Wrapping Technology……Haruyuki Uchiyama

AI Auto Depalletizing System―AI Robot Making Distribution Operation Unmanned and Labor-saving―……Ryuta Koshiishi

Transition of Web Inspection System and State-of-the-art Technology……Kiyotaka Ueda

Development of Quality Inspection Sensor for the Paper Mill Finishing Line……Takayuki Ikeda

Topics & Information

27
32

Andritz Fibre Flow Drum Pulping Technology for OCC Application……Toshio Okunishi

How The Paper Industry in Japan Has Technologically Responded to The
Paradigm Shifts of The Japanese SocietyPart 3：Groping in the 1990s……Kiyoaki Iida
Introduction of Research Laboratories
（126）

40

Laboratory of Wood Biomass Utilization, Department of Bioresource Sciences,
Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University

Research Report（Original Paper）

43

Preparation of Dissolving Pulp by Totally Chlorine-free Bleaching：Roles of
Hardwood Syringyl and Guaiacyl Lignins……Ayyoub Salaghi, Agusta Samodra Putra，		 Roni Maryana, Mikio Kajiyama and Hiroshi Ohi
Pulp and Paper Mills in Japan
（76）

61

Kanazu Mill, Rengo Co., Ltd.

03
39
42
66

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

70
75
84
85
87

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 October JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.10

Abstracts

The Latest Trend of Folio size sheeter and Wrapping technology
Haruyuki Uchiyama
Maruishi Co.、Ltd
Maruishi has been working for paper industry for a long time providing various total
system for paper manufacturing process from the dewatering section to finishingequipment. Today, the finishing line is the one of the main products and especially,
Maruishi has been sold more than 190 unites of ream warping machines not only todomestic customer but also all over the world.

The ream wrapping machine as thefirst place, Maruishi is capable to provide from the single unit of the various finishingequipment to the whole turnkey project.
Today, the technological innovation is getting tough, considering high demand forthe long-term reliability with maintainability for introducing new equipment. Basedon experience of manufacturing and service of paper manufacturing machines for over
70 years, we introduce Folio size sheeter, high speed Ream Wrapping Machine, andKraft roll packaging machine with advanced technology.

AI Auto Depalletizing System-AI robot making distribution operation unmanned and labor-savingRyuta Koshiishi
IHI Logistics & Machinery Corporation

Logistics Plant Sales Dept. Sales Div.

In recent years, our country is suffering from a serious labor shortage due to thedecreasing birthrate and aging population.
Especially the distribution industry faces with this labor shortage. Among thelogistics tasks,

the unloading (depalletizing) work of cardboards stacked on pallets isa heavy work leading to occupational accidents such as back pain. Therefore, it isdifficult to secure labor force and even if they can be hired, workers' retention rate islow. So now it is urgent to make the distribution operation unmanned and labor-saving

by robots.
In this paper, we introduce the features of the depalletizing system with AI as an
approach to unmanned and labor-saving.

Transition of Web Inspection System and State-of-the-art Technology
Kiyotaka Ueda
Automated Web Inspection Department, OMRON Corporation
Web inspection system is determining a fault by lighting on the sheet of paper or the
like, to measure the received light amount between the defect and the basesuch asblack spots and holes in in the camera is for determining a defect with the difference.
This is advanced total system designed by a combination of optical, electronics,
mechanical, control computer, software and variety of technologies. In this paper we
describe the evolution of WIS.

Development of Quality Inspection Sensor for the Paper Mill Finishing Line
Takayuki Ikeda
Technology Development Center,

JFE Plant Engineering Co., Ltd.

JFE Plant Engineering Co., Ltd is a comprehensive engineering company ofmachinery, electricity and control, which was established by JFE Mechanical and JFE
Electrical & Control Systems in April 2016. In the previous JFE Electrical & Control
Systems, we have been working on sensor solution business related to quality control
from 2004. For the paper making industry, we have developed many sensors in thefinishing line for communication paper, printing paper and household paper. We aredeveloping the inspection system that substitutes for visual inspection by acquiring
information on the inspection object mainly by using a laser or a camera andperforming advanced mathematical processing on it. It has been acknowledged as oneof the suppliers of quality sensors for the paper making industry by proposing anddeveloping unique methods aiming for high accuracy inspection. Through thesedevelopments, we have delivered more than 30 quality sensors for the Paper millfinishing line. In this paper, we introduce a part of the technology that we havecultivated through experience.

Andritz Fiber Flow Drum Pulping Technology for OCC Application
Toshio Okunishi
Andritz K.K. Capital Systems Sales" Paper is made At Stock Preparation System. "This is a word of Papermaking

Engineering. In other words, “ KP is made at a Continuous Cooking Digester.", "Mechanical Pulp is made At a Refiner".

" Recycled Fiber pulp is made At a Pulper".

A Fiber-flow Drum pulper ( FFD ) is able to produce the recycled pulp of excellent
quality for both DIP and OCC from low quality and inexpensive raw materials that
include lots of foreign materials and contaminants.
lot in the reduction of production costs.

That will be able to contribute a

In this paper, is described the application of

FFD to the OCC area that has increased rapidly for the last 10 years by introducing
the reference results, flow sheets, application examples.

In addition, it is stressedthat FFD can be utilized effectively for OCC as well as for ONP ( Old News Papers ).
The writer will start from the basic descriptions about FFD and then go into theapplication to OCC.

How The Paper Industry in Japan has technologically responded to The Paradigm shifts of
the Japanese societyPart 3：Groping in 1990s
Kiyoaki Iida
The paper industry in Japan, which had got over a crisis of existence, started torestructure the industry itself, rationalize its traditional distribution system and workon international deployment, as the Japanese economy was drastically slowing down.
The restructuring proceeded to some extent. The international expansion, however,
was not successful and the overseas sales ratio of the industry in 2002 was the least
among industries.
Though paper demand was stagnating, which rather removed the stress of wood
supply for its favor, an alternative to paper was not in sight and the industry was
regarded sustainable, having a kind of recycling system within, and could afforded tohave some relief for its future.
The technological development, successfully carried out with using solid statetechnology since the 1960s as seen in scale-upping equipment like paper machine,stalemated and a next key-technology was not found yet. The industry was losing its
advantage over foreign followers.
Exactly in this period, the new technological revolution, which would lead to
information oriented society and would challenge the essence of paper and become akey- tech in the future, had begun.

Preparation of Dissolving Pulp by Totally Chlorine-free Bleaching: Roles of Hardwood
Syringyl and Guaiacyl Lignins
Ayyoub Salaghi, Agusta Samodra Putra, Roni Maryana, Mikio Kajiyama, and Hiroshi Ohi
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba

Dissolving pulp was produced from four different hardwoods by prehydrolysis-kraft
cookingandtotally

chlorine-free(TCF)

bleachingusing

oxygen(O),

peroxymonosulfuric acid (Psa), and alkali extraction with hydrogen peroxide (Ep) in an
O-Psa-Ep-Psa-Ep sequence. The hardwood lignin structures were characterized by thenitrobenzene oxidation method, which provided syringaldehyde (Sa) to vanillin (Va)molar ratios (S/V ratios) of the lignin. Eucalyptus globulus wood had the highest S/Vratio of 5.81 and a combined yield of Sa and Va of 3.04 mmol/g-lignin, while the Acacia
hybrid wood exhibited the lowest S/V ratio and the combined yield. The E. globulus
wood provided a final pulp with an acceptable level of viscosity 7.0 mPa·s, aweight-average molecular weight (Mw) 3.04 × 105 g/mol, a number-average molecularweight (Mn) 5.56 × 104 g/mol, polydispersity (Mw/Mn) 5.47, a high brightness of 90.1%
ISO, and an α-cellulose content of 94.2%. It is attributed to the high S/V ratio and thehigh combined Sa and Va yield, which is suggestive of a less-condensed lignin
structure compared to the other hardwoods tested. No significant differences in thecellulose crystallinities of the bleached pulp produced from the four hardwoods wereobserved.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 11

CONTENTS

November 2018

Vol. 72, No. 11

Pulp and Paper Research Conference/Nonwoven Fabric･Household Paper
1 A Report of the 2018（85th）Pulp and Paper Research Conference
		 ……Wood Science Committee, JAPAN TAPPI
12 Thirty Years of Southeast Asian Forests：Dynamics of Deforestation and		 Restoration……Mamoru Kanzaki
16 Nanocellulose-based Functional Materials Oriented to Life Science
		 ……Yoshikuni Teramoto
21 Introduction of The Nonwoven Fabric Products of Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited
		 ……Hideaki Saegusa
25 Introducing NipcoFlex-T, Installing at the Press Part for Tissue Machines
		 ……Kazuhiro Magome
31 Proposal of a Flow scheme for the Chemical-form-based Quantitative analysis of		 Chlorine compounds in Pulp for Sanitary products and Safety assessment
		 ……Shigeo Imai，Mitsuhiro Wada，Takeharu Wada，Kei Iwasaki，Ritsuko Katagiri，		 Yasushi Minobe and Satoko Ishii
Topics & Information

39
44

Valmet Industrial Internet……Hisanori Bando，Jari Almi and Johanna Newcomb
Impact on Management and Operation Issues raised by IoT―Including Work Style Reforms―……Yoshihiko Tamemoto

48 Optimized Plant Operation utilizing Information Communication Technology and		 Artificial Intelligence―Digital Solution Service Named MHPS-TOMONI―……Masaki Horiguchi

50 Updated Quality Control by IoT―Developed Testing Method at Lab and On-Line		 Measurement at Production site
―L&W New Testing Method and New On-Line Measurement―……Mitsuhiro Yamazaki

60 Erosive-wear Resistance of Overlay Welds at High Temperature Under Simulation
		 of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler
		 ……Tadashi Kimura，Yoichi Shiraishi and Kazumichi Shimizu
64 How The Paper Industry in Japan Has Technologically Responded to		 The Paradigm Shifts of The Japanese SocietyPart 4：The Paper Industry in the 2000s―A Paradigm Shift in Society……Kiyoaki Iida

Research Report（Original Paper）

74

Cooking Behavior of Mixture Wood Chips Consisting of Different Species

03
83

Committee report
Papyrus

91
96
98
108
109
111

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Titles in Foreign Journals Received by JAPAN TAPPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

		 ……Hiroshi Ougiya and Masatoshi Ishifuji

2018 November JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.11

Abstracts

Thirty Years of Southeast Asian Forests:

Dynamics of Deforestation and Restoration

Mamoru Kanzaki
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
This article demonstrates the dynamics of deforestation and restoration of forests inSoutheast Asian countries. In the most of the Southeast Asian countries, timberresource in natural forests was the easy-access resource for foreign currency earningwhich might be indispensable as the first step of economic development in thesecountries. The conversion of forests into crop land caused the massive deforestation in1960 to 1990 in the countries. Global scale anti-logging campaign and forest
conservation movement resulted in Forest Principles Declaration (1992) in the Earth
Summit and forest carbon credit in Re-afforestation Clean Development Mechanism in
Kyoto Protocol (1997). The timber logging in tropical counties also changed. Now manyof counties force forest management units to apply reduced impact logging and also to
get the international forest certification. People’s thinking about forest was alsochanging in Southeast Asia, because of repeated disasters like flooding and debris flow.
Smallholders, like local farmers and community, are becoming important players intimber production now. In Japan, the condition of forest has been dramatically
improved in last 70 years. The forest condition in Southeast Asian counties is expected
to be dramatically improved in the next 30 years.

Nanocellulose-based Functional Materials Oriented to Life Science
Yoshikuni Teramoto
Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences/G-CHAIN, Gifu University
While basic concepts of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) haveappeared considerably, elemental technology development is worth working fromdifferent specialized points of view. Herein, we reasonably utilize
2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofiber(TOCN) as a module of µPADs. First, we demonstrate that TOCN stably stores

unstable substances when dried and acts as a biochemical reaction field when wet. The
thixotropic nature of TOCN aqueous dispersion gives inkjet printability and will
facilitate the μPADs production. The exchange of substances in the wet TOCN network
takes more time than in solution, but this can be read as control of reaction kinetics.
Finally, we construct semi-quantitative μPADs for an organic phosphorus pesticide. We
illustrate that by mounting TOCN, various functions can be incorporated on one sheetof paper to lead to the extension of design flexibility and universal use for μPADs.

Introduction of the nonwoven fabric products of Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited.
Hideaki Saegusa
Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited.
Our nonwoven business started with the production of glass paper for building
materials and filter media for electric discharge machining. New products such as
water treatment membrane supports and battery separators have been added by the
nonwoven fabric manufacturing facility newly established at Takasago mill in 2012. In
this paper I would like to introduce these nonwoven fabric products: glass paper forbuilding materials, filter media for electric discharge machining, water treatment
membrane supports, and battery separators.

Introducing NipcoFlex-T, Installing at the Press Part for Tissue Machines
Kazuhiro Magome
P&S Sales Dept. Voith IHI Paper Technology Co.,Ltd.
Easy operable machine which satisfies both the following objectives under tissue
production: not only producing soft and high-bulk tissues, but also producing themwith less energy and pulp consumption? If machines that meet these difficult
requirements are not available, an answer of that would be NipcoFlex-T. Voith has
accumulated enough knowledge and experience of shoe presses since 1984, when Voith
introduced the world first hermetic shoe press to the market. That shoe press
technology has spread over a wide area of productions, and Voith eventually has given
birth to a shoe press for tissue production. In this article, I would like to introduce ahistory of shoe presses and the latest shoe press technology, NipcoFlex-T, for tissue
production.

Proposal of a Flow scheme for the Chemical-form-based Quantitative analysis of Chlorinecompounds in Pulp for Sanitary products and Safety assessment
Shigeo Imai, Mitsuhiro Wada
Unicharm Corporation
Takeharu Wada, Kei Iwasaki, Ritsuko Katagiri, Yasushi Minobe, Satoko Ishii
Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan
Since sanitary products such as sanitary napkins and disposable diapers are used in
prolonged contact with the skin; it is important to ascertain if chemical substances
contained in these products have adverse effects on the human body. Pulp, the mainmaterial used in sanitary products, is bleached to increase its brightness. ECF
bleaching, which is based on chlorine dioxide, has become widely used and thegeneration of chloroform and chlorophenols has been greatly reduced. However a little
knowledge concerning the generation and persistence of chlorine compounds in the
ECF bleaching process has been accumulated. If chlorine compounds are contained insanitary products, they could dissolve in body fluids such as sweat and could beabsorbed through the skin. As the adverse effects of chlorine compounds vary greatly
depending on the chemical species, calculating only the total amount of chlorine isinadequate and rather it is important to identify their chemical forms in the eluate. We
have analyzed dioxins in pulp used in sanitary napkins and have assessed the risk ofuse of sanitary products to the health of consumer even if they are used every day for
40 years. In addition, to determine the amounts and chemical forms of chlorinecompounds contained in ECF-bleached pulp for sanitary products, we made a flow
scheme of chemical form-based quantitative analysis, which involves quantitative
determination of compounds eluted by elution tests assuming dermal exposure andconfirmed safety. In this review, we introduce these research results.

Valmet Industrial Internet
Jari Almi, and Johanna Newcomb
Valmet Automation Inc.
Hisanori Bando
Valmet K.K.
The Industrial Internet has enabled the unlocking of the value of vast data resourcesin a modern pulp and paper complex. The unlocking of this value is today being doneby experts in pulping, papermaking and energy processes who analyze this secure datain supplier performance centers. Their analyses, discoveries and recommendations are
now being used to optimize the performance of mill sub-processes and the whole mill,and to improve process performance and reliability.

This data is shared with pulp

and paper producers to collaboratively implement and sustain mill performance
improvement and reliability improvement programs based on predictive maintenanceanalytics.
The future of data analytics will involve common solutions by suppliers in a so-called“digital ecosystem”. Concrete steps in building this ecosystem are being taken by
combining the resources and solutions of an automation supplier with a supplier ofenterprise resource planning and manufacturing execution systems. The potential
benefits of this collaboration are presented.

Impact on Management and Operation Issues raised by IoT-Including Work Style ReformsYoshihiko Tamemoto
Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc.
In 2017, the use of IoT in Japanese companies has entered the trial andimplementation stage from the stage of recognition and understanding. In the
manufacturing industry, we think that IoT brings three impacts:
1) Real-time visualization on site,2) Revolution in production method, process and plan,3) Business structure reform and business model transformation.
The essence of the impacts of IoT is to break away from the concept of "Mass
Production". The manufacturing industry should proceed with a study of customer's
experience for success.

Optimized Plant Operation utilizing Information Communication Technology and Artificial
Intelligence-Digital Solution Service Named MHPS-TOMONIMasaki Horiguchi
Engineering Strategy & Planning Group, Yokoyama Power Systems Service Dept.,
Power Systems Service Headquarters, Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd.
To optimize the operation and maintenance costs for thermal power plants andimprove the environmental performance by using the ICT (Information andCommunication Technology), it is essential to combine collaboration with an operator
who has insights of a manufacturer. From this point of view, we provide
MHPS-TOMONI as a digital solution in which our company “works together withcustomers”. Provision of these digital solutions started when our company developed
an advanced boiler combustion control system, first in the industry, in the early 1980s.
In 1999, our company set up facilities inside the company that remotely monitor athermal power plant, leading to provision of services in which our engineers monitor
plant operation. Thus, the provision of monitoring services enabled a detailed analysis
of operation data and monitoring technologies were developed and sophisticated. In
addition, nowadays, our company is expanding the object of analysis to unstructured
data other than numerical values, such as natural language, and has improved
equipment soundness evaluation and abnormality diagnosis accuracy throughmonitoring, thus leading to the optimization of plant operation.

Updated Quality Control by IoT–Developed Testing Method at Lab and On-Line Measurement at Production site
- L&W New Testing Method and New On-Line MeasurementMitsuhiro Yamazaki
Pulp & Paper Group, Industrial Automation Division, ABB K.K.
In all types of mature business, constant improvements are required for a company
to stay competitive. Today it is more important than ever. Search for cost reductions
and improved efficiency is always on the agenda. In the pulp and paper industry, thefirst goal is to produce a product within given specification at the lowest possible cost quality testing and monitoring of the process is one way getting there. Furthermore,other process than production and quality control, such as market research, research& development, procurement, sales and so on, are also essentials. Comprehensive data
which integrates all the factors is mandatory for whole business assessment.
In this speech, I would like to share the newly developed testing methods, instandalone-, online- and fully automated testing equipment, and then, the way tointegrate quality control process by connecting each equipment, and further tointegrate quality control to other process.
By means of IoT (Internet of Things), overall data can be obtained, organicallyintegrating real-time data from laboratories and mills. Headquarters can drive to
make their business decision fast and correct based on this real-time- andcomprehensive data much more than ever.

Erosive-wear resistance of overlay welds at high temperature under simulation of circulating
fluidized bed boiler
Tadashi Kimura , Yoichi Shiraishi
Welding Alloyｓ Japan LTD.
Kazumichi Shimizu
Muroran Institute of Technology
Circulating-Fluidized-Bed (CFB) Boiler is known as one of the earth-friendly
environmental Boilers. However, erosive wear becomes a problem because CFB boiler
burns flowing fuel and the medium in a high temperature environment. Also, there isan economic issue of operating ratio and maintenance, on the other hand it reduces
environmental impact. Main results obtain through the erosion test are as follows.
It can be safely considered that selecting right materials leads to effective
countermeasures against wear.
Therefore, it becomes necessary to perform simulation such as test for chloriation
corrosion and sulfidation one to find out superior welding materials in erosive-wear
resistance at high temperatures.

How the paper industry in Japan has technologically responded to the paradigm shifts of theJapanese societyPart 4：The Paper Industry in the 2000s―A Paradigm Shift in Society
Kiyoaki Iida
The paper and paperboard consumption per capita, which increased at the rate of
3.4% per year since 1970, though not so vigorous as in the 1960s, started to decrease at
the rate of -2.2% from around 1995. The production volume also declined at the rate of

-1.1% per year from 1997. Those reductions were the first experience of and not specificto the paper industry of Japan. The world paper and paperboard production volume
also stagnated around 2007.
The volume of information that was not dependent on paper, on the other hand,drastically increased, probably at the rate of more than 50% a year since 1995. In 2009,its share in the total information flow volume was more than 99%, and its share in the
total consumption volume was 87%, leaving the share of information based on paper toonly 13%. From around 2010, a kind of digital data classified as big data became
available, and is increasing at the rate of tens of percentage per year, probably morethan 70 %. The period between 2000 and 2010 was a turning point at which digital
data caused a paradigm shift in society and the new era since then can be called
information society..
While the paper consumption for newsprint and writing is decreasing, that for
packaging and household is increasing. The paper industry seeks to build a businessmodel of dealing the trend and starting new ventures.

Cooking behavior of Mixture wood chips consisting of Different species
Hiroshi Ougiya
Pulp Sec., Pulp Production Dept., MPM OPERATION Co., Ltd.
Masatoshi Ishifuji
Technical Group, Technical Dept., MPM OPERATION Co., Ltd.
Optimization of chip mixture largely depends on chip quality such as pulp yield anddigestibility. Chip of Eucalyptus globulus shows high pulp yield and easy digestibility
compared with that of Acacia mangium. To study cooking behavior of Eucalyptus chip andAcacia chip individually, we separated them respectively with packing each chip into a
metal basket and digested together. As a result of analysis of cooking behavior of each chipby experimental digestion, we confirm that behavior of chip mixture during digestion canbe explained from average of digestibility of individual chips constituting the mixture.
Kappa number and pulp yield of two species of chips were not affected by each other.

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 12

CONTENTS

December 2018

Vol. 72, No. 12

Environment
1
3
7
12
24

A Report of the 25th Environmental Conference……Environmental Technical Committee，JAPAN TAPPI

Promotion of Organizational Energy Saving Projects―Search by Everyone Energy Conservation Projects―……Takeshi Ishizuka

Low-level PCB Waste―Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Detoxifying Processes―……Yo Osada

The Appropriate Management of Industrial Waste Disposal Facility……Hironao Sakamoto

29

An Application of High Efficiency BOD Treatment System（Bio-Attack）toPaper Industry Sewage……Kiyoshi Arakawa
Improving the Wastewater Treatment Stability

35

Energy-saving Centrifugal Dehydrator―Reducing a Cause Substance of COD in the Upstream Side―
		 ……Keiji Suruga，Hiroki Katsura and Yasuhiro Kagawa

39
44
48

―Energy-saving Effects in the Sewage Treatment Plant―……Daisuke Handa

Low-Frequency Noise Countermeasure in a Factory―Listen and Feel How We Can Resolve the Noise Problem―……Masahiko Aoki

Predictive Maintenance by Acoustic and Vibration Diagnostics Utilizing IoT……Masaaki Shida

Measures to Prevent Odors Using Diffusion Simulation―Make the Odor Visible―……Satoru Moriki

Introduction of Research Laboratories（127）
56 Transport Packaging Laboratory，Kobe University
Research Report（Original Paper）

59

Causes of Gloss Ghosting and Effect of Properties of the Paper on the Gloss
Ghosting……Hideki Takada and Yoshihiro Tamura

03
55
58
75

Committee report
Essay on Intellectual Property
Coffee break
Papyrus

80
85
95
96
98

Industry News（Domestic and International）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Domestic Logs and Wood Chips by District
Other Monthly Statistics
News from the Association

2018 December JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.72, No.12

Abstracts

Promotion of Organizational Energy Saving Projects-Search by Everyone Energy Conservation ProjectsTakeshi Ishizuka
Consulting Department, Japan Innovation Consulting Co.,LtdI think that employee who work on energy conservation projects do not have themethodology even if they know that there is also a great outcome and continuity.
We introduce examples of roles of each department according to the procedures of (1)common procedure, (2) validity, (3) program procedures.

Low-level PCB Waste-Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Detoxifying ProcessesYo Osada
Japan Industrial Waste Management Foundation
Low-level PCB waste is regulated in Japan in two types such as electrical equipment
contaminated with over 0.5 mg/kg PCBs and any kinds of pollutants contained inconcentration less than 5,000 mg/kg PCBs. The waste is at present disposed of byincineration or washing at certified or permitted detoxifying facilities. At the facilities
various detoxifying processes are applied depending on its properties or sizes; forinstance, relatively small or medium size of the equipment is processed by heating andcombustion and larger size of transformers are processed by on-site washing. This
paper explains each processes applied to existing facilities and evaluates theiradvantages and disadvantages in view of efficiency and cost.

The Appropriate management of Industrial waste disposal facility
Hironao Sakamoto
Re-Tem Co.,Ltd.

I will explain the appropriate management of industrial waste disposal facility bycase.
"Accidents and inappropriate cases at industrial waste disposal facilities" relate tomaintenance and management of industrial waste treatment facilities, risks of otherfacility management, and environmental pollution of waste treatment facilities.
"Other inappropriate case of industrial waste disposal contractor" relates to the casewhere processing is incomplete but the manifest has been returned, and the disposer
has resolded without processing the waste.
"Check point of statutory inspection etc. of industrial waste disposal facility" is an
example of examination content on structural standards concerning treatment facility,
industrial waste incineration facility, final disposal site, installation permission offacility, person responsible for management, processing flow, final disposal Indicate thecheckpoint of the field.

An application of high efficiency BOD treatment system (Bio-Attack) to paper industry
sewageKiyoshi Arakawa
Nippon Steel & Sumikin Eco-tech Corporation
Paper industry sewage is treated by activated sludge process. However, this process
is often operated at relatively high BOD volume load about 1.5 kg/(m3･day). Under
such condition, it is difficult for conventional biological treatment to respond with BOD
load variability of wastewater. As a result, the biological treatment becomes unstable
and troubles (such as decrease of transparency in treated water, poor sedimentation by
bulking) occur frequently.
We supplied high efficiency BOD treatment system (Bio-Attack: BA) and upstream
monitoring system to MARUSAN PAPER Mfg. Co., Ltd. for the purpose ofcountermeasure of increasing wastewater BOD load, unstable biological treatment,
and inhibition of poor sedimentation by bulking.
The installation of this BA brought the following effects, 1) Wastewater BOD about
70 - 90% is treated at BA, the inflow BOD load into aeration tank decreases, and the
BOD load becomes stable through the year, 2) Biological treatment becomes stable andtransparency get better to 10 - 25 degrees[cm], 3) Filamentous bacteria is reduced, andsludge volume index (SVI) goes down 20 - 30%, 4) Cost of chemical for biologicaltreatment is reduced about 90%. Also, upstream on-line TOC monitoring system
controlled the volume of nutrient properly and it helped to improve the performance ofBA.

Improving the wastewater treatment stability-Reducing a cause substance of COD in the upstream sideKeiji Suruga ,Hiroki Katsura and Yasuhiro Kagawa
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
Wastewater treatment system is becoming unstable with raw material deterioration,energy conservation of the facilities and manpower saving in some paper mills.
We approach to improve the wastewater treatment stability by reducing a cause
substance of COD in an upstream side, here the upstream side means the producing
process before wastewater treatment facilities.
First, we link the upstream side and the wastewater treatment process by our newly
developed " S.sensing® system". The S.sensing® system monitor water qualities, forexample the ORP, SS consistency, etc, at both upstream side and downstream side,then analysis the correlation between the water qualities and the wastewater
treatment stability. The water quality was controlled by using Fuzzicide®, aeration,and retention aid.
This paper reports several study cases, which wastewater treatment was improved by
reducing a cause substance of COD and SS in the upstream side.

Energy - saving centrifugal dehydrator―Energy - saving effects in the sewage treatment plant―
Daisuke Handa
Sanki Engineering Co., Ltd.
Centrifugal dehydration technology has long been used for dehydration treatment of
sewage sludge, and development for reduction of cake moisture content and low powerhas been carried out. While centrifugal dehydration technology is capable oflarge-scale treatment and has the advantage of stability of treatment, there is still
strong demand for reduction of electric power consumption by low-power generation.
In this paper, not only features of newly introduced energy saving centrifugal
dehydrator but also characteristics of the sewage treatment facility and energy saving
effect after the introduction are introduced.

Low-Frequency Noise Countermeasure in a factory-Listen and Feel how we can resolve the Noise ProblemMasahiko Aoki
Acoustic Solution Division, Nihon Onkyo Engineering Co.,Ltd.
When the noise exceeds the regulation standard at the site boundary, the effect of
the

noise

countermeasureisdetermined

by

the

composite

value

of

the

countermeasured noise source and other noise sources that have not taken measures.
The method of surrounding the noise with the soundproof box is most effective, andthe method of installing the silencer and the soundproof hood at the air supply /exhaust port is also relatively effective.
Measures on the propagation path of noise include installation of sound absorbing
materials and sound insulating walls, but in many cases, it is not possible to obtain theeffect as much as measures on the sound source side.
When there are complaints from neighboring people, noise of frequencies close to low
frequency sounds or low frequency sounds tends to be problematic indoors.
The reason is that, in a detached house or the like, in general, the noise in the highfrequency range is comparatively attenuated in the room compared to the outdoors,
whereas the low frequency sound is difficult to attenuate.
We have developed our own "measuring equipment to visualize noise sources", weconfirmed in a short time which noise source influence the position of workers, and theeffect of the measure is confirmed by simulation are considering.

Predictive Maintenance by Acoustic and Vibration Diagnostics Utilizing IoT
Masaaki Shida
Hitachi, Ltd.
In recent year

predictive maintenance to carry out maintenance depending on

condition of individual equipment is focused. Predictive maintenance includes a merit
such as reduction of the maintenance cost and the minimization of the downtime.
Maintenance includes the case of judgement using sounds from the equipment.
However, the performances of those applications often degrade due to noises such asneighboring sounds. One of the technologies to solve the problem is sound source
separation technology. A desired sound and noise are separated by using the technology,
and a desired sound is used to monitor the condition of equipment continuously.
This paper introduces the concept for predictive maintenance, procedure to install

IoT technology, and sound source separation technology. Finally, it is shown that asound source separation technology is effective for predictive maintenance.

Measures to prevent odors using diffusion simulation-Make the odor visibleSatoru Moriki
Karumoa Co.,Ltd.
Unlike other atmospheric pollution, odor is the pollution due to human senses, so
evaluation methods and planning countermeasures are difficult.
In order to solve odor problem, it is not preferable that just introduce deodorizing
equipment. To consider later cost and labor, it is preferable that conducting apreliminary survey properly, and take measure as necessary.
In this paper, I introduce diffusion simulation to predict surrounding influence ofodor and daily management using odor sensor.

Causes of gloss ghosting and effect of properties of the paper on the gloss ghosting
Hideki Takada
Development Sec., Technical Dept., MPM OPERATION Co., Ltd.
Yoshihiro Tamura
Administration Dept., Mitsubishi Paper Engineering Co., Ltd.
Gloss ghosting is an undesirable phenomenon that occurs in the sheet-fed offset
printing. An ink gloss differential on the reverse side imagery appears in the form of aghosted image of the front side printing. As it gives a significant damage to the appearanceof the printed product, the value as a commodity deteriorates. It was reported thatoxidizing vapors released from the drying ink of the front side printing accelerate thedrying of the reverse side ink film between adjacent sheets in the printed load. However,the detailed mechanism of gloss ghosting has many unclear points. We have investigatedwhat is happening on the surface of the printed ink film, and the effect of the paper
properties on the gloss ghosting.
In our study, it was confirmed that the condition of contact between the front side
printing surface and the reverse side printing surface is important to determine whether
the gloss ghosting occurs or not. It was found that the time interval between front side
printing and reverse side printing greatly influences the gloss ghosting. We were able toclarify the mechanism of the gloss ghosting by tracking both the oxidizing vapors
generation amount from the front side printing and the arithmetic average roughness Ra

of the surface of the printed ink film. Gloss ghost appeared clearly as the difference in Ra
value between the printed surface accelerated drying by oxidizing vapors and thesurrounding area was larger. In conclusion, there was a tendency that gloss ghosting is lesslikely to occur in printing papers with smaller variations in Ra value over time on theprinted surface.