福崎町文化財保存活用地域計画

令和４年７月兵庫県神崎郡福崎町

目

次はじめに
序章

計画の基本的事項

序−１

背景と目的 ········································································································································································ 1

序−２ 計画の対象 ········································································································································································ 2（１）計画の対象とする文化財等（歴史文化遺産） ··································································································· 2（２）計画の推進主体 ······························································································································································· 2
序−３計画の位置づけ ······························································································································································· 3

序−４ 計画の構成と期間 ·························································································································································· 4（１）計画の構成 ········································································································································································ 4（２）計画の期間 ········································································································································································ 4

第１部 歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の考え方【マスタープラン編】
第１章

福崎町の歴史文化１−１ 福崎町の歴史文化の成り立ち ··································································································································· 5（１）社会環境 ············································································································································································· 5（２）自然環境 ············································································································································································· 9（３）歴史・文化環境 ···························································································································································· 10
１−２ 福崎町の歴史文化の特徴 ·········································································································································· 25（１）歴史文化の特徴 ···························································································································································· 25（２）歴史文化ものがたり ··················································································································································· 28

第２章

歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の目標と基本方針

２−１目標 ··················································································································································································· 43

２−２

基本方針 ·········································································································································································· 45

第３章

歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の取組分野ごとの方針

３−１ 取組分野ごとの現状と課題 ····································································································································· 47（１）担い手育成の現状と課題 ·········································································································································· 48（２）調査・研究の現状と課題 ·········································································································································· 50（３）保存・管理の現状と課題 ·········································································································································· 52（４）活用の現状と課題 ······················································································································································· 54（５）情報発信の現状と課題 ·············································································································································· 56（６）体制整備の現状と課題 ·············································································································································· 58
３−２ 取組分野ごとの方針 ··················································································································································· 60（１）担い手育成の方針 ······················································································································································· 61（２）調査・研究の方針 ······················································································································································· 61（３）保存・管理の方針 ······················································································································································· 62（４）活用の方針 ····································································································································································· 62（５）情報発信の方針 ···························································································································································· 63（６）体制整備の方針 ···························································································································································· 63

第２部 歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の方策【アクションプラン編】
第４章

アクションプランの構成と数値目標

４−１

アクションプランの構成 ·········································································································································· 65

４−２

数値目標 ·········································································································································································· 66

第５章

歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の措置

５−１ 基幹事業 ·········································································································································································· 69（１）担い手育成に関する措置 ·········································································································································· 70（２）調査・研究に関する措置 ·········································································································································· 72（３）保存・管理に関する措置 ·········································································································································· 74（４）活用に関する措置 ······················································································································································· 76（５）情報発信に関する措置 ·············································································································································· 78（６）体制整備に関する措置 ·············································································································································· 80
５−２ 重点事業 ·········································································································································································· 82（１）重点プロジェクトの設定 ·········································································································································· 82（２）重点プロジェクト事業計画 ····································································································································· 85

第６章

歴史文化遺産の防災・防火・防犯体制の強化

６−１ 防災体制の強化 ···························································································································································· 89（１）背景と課題 ····································································································································································· 89（２）災害予防 ·········································································································································································· 91（３）災害応急対策 ································································································································································· 92（４）災害復旧・復興・復元 ·············································································································································· 92
６−２ 防火・防犯体制の強化 ·············································································································································· 93（１）背景と課題 ····································································································································································· 93（２）防火・防犯意識の高揚 ·············································································································································· 94（３）防火・防犯対策 ···························································································································································· 94（４）防火・防犯対応 ···························································································································································· 95

第７章

計画の推進体制と進行管理

７−１ 推進体制 ·········································································································································································· 97（１）推進主体ごとの役割と体制 ····································································································································· 97（２）主体間の連携体制 ···················································································································································· 101
７−２

文化財登録原簿への登録の提案 ························································································································· 105

７−３

進行管理 ······································································································································································· 106

巻末資料
資料１

作成の経緯 ······························································································································································ 107

資料２

自治会・中学生・企業アンケート調査の結果

資料２−１

自治会アンケート調査 ·································································································································· 109

資料２−２

中学生アンケート調査 ·································································································································· 121

資料２−３

企業アンケート調査 ······································································································································· 125

資料３

福崎町の歴史文化遺産

資料３−１

歴史文化遺産の把握調査（参考文献等）一覧 ···················································································· 131

資料３−２

指定等文化財 ···················································································································································· 133

資料３−３

福崎町の歴史文化遺産 ·································································································································· 136

資料４

計画骨子（施策体系） ·································································································································· 145

は じ め に序章

計画の基本的事項

序−１ 背景と目的
やなぎた く に おなぐさやま

福崎町には、三木家住宅や柳田國男生家、秋祭り、七種山をはじめ、むかしの暮らしを伝える古文書や民具、道端のお地蔵さんなどに至るまで、さまざまな歴史文化遺産が数多く受け継がれています。これらの歴史文化遺産は、古くから福崎の地に暮らしてきた人々がつくり出し、磨きをかけながら受け継いできた大切な地域の宝ものです。そして、その価値を理解し、共有して、次の世代に伝えていくことは、現在の私たちが担うべき重要な役割であるといえます。
しかし、高度経済成長や生活様式の変化などが進むなかで、失われてしまった歴史文化遺産も少なくありません。また、人口減少や少子高齢化などに伴う担い手の不足などは、歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の大きな課題となってきています。このようななかで、近年、福崎町においても、地域の特色ある歴史文化遺産を掘り起こし、観光やまちづくりなどに活かす取組が見られるようになっていますが、一部のテーマや区域に限られ、その効果は限定的であるという課題があります。
福崎町は、柳田國男や井上通泰、藤本煙津、岸上大作などの多くの各界偉人を輩出してきました。なかでも柳田國男は、辻川の松岡家の六男として生まれ、松岡家と近世姫路藩の大庄屋として地域の発展に尽くした三木家との学問的交流を背景に、11 歳の時、1 年間三木家に預けられました。ここで歴代当主が収集した大量の書物を夢中になって読み、古い道の交わる辻川の地で育つなかでさまざまな知識を身につけ、後年、日本民俗学を開拓・確立しました。このことに象徴されるように、各界偉人を輩出してきた地としての土壌や、祭り・行事にも息づく人と人、村と村のつながり、そして、古くからの交通の要衝としての他地域とのつながりなど、福崎町は歴史文化の側面において、多くの強みをもっています。また、一方では、播磨の中核都市である姫路市に隣接し、工業団地や大学が位置するという立地的な強みは、人口減少社会における新たな歴史文化遺産の保存・活用のあり方を構築する上での重要な鍵にもなります。
このような強みを最大限に生かし、多種多様な歴史文化の魅力を引き出して高め、関連分野と連携しながらまちづくりに活かすことで、「定住の促進」、「教育の充実」、「観光※１の振興」、「産業の活性化」などへと結び付けていくことが求められています。
そして、そのためには、地域総がかりで歴史文化遺産の保存・活用に取り組むことが欠かせません。
柳田國男は、著書『豆の葉と太陽』「美しき村」で、「村は住む人のほんの僅かな気持から、美しくもまづくもなるものだといふことを、考へるやうな機会が私には多かつた※２」と述べています。この「美しき村」の文章に見られるように、町民一人ひとり、さらには行政、専門家などの関係する多様な主体一人ひとりが、歴史や文化に興味・関心を持ち、歴史文化遺産を大切に思う心を育んでいくことが大切であり、地域総がかりによる歴史文化遺産の保存・活用を進めるための第一歩となります。
こうした背景及び視点を踏まえ、福崎町では、町民等をはじめとした歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の担い手となる人々の心を育むことを基本理念とした上で、関係するさまざまな主体が連携しながら、福崎町の豊かな歴史や文化を、まちの活力づくり、風格づくり、住みよいまちづくりに活かしていくための歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の方向性を指し示す『福崎町文化財保存活用地域計画』を作成します。
-----------※１：本計画では、文化観光拠点施設を中核とした地域における文化観光の推進に関する法律（令和 2 年法律第 18 号）に定める「文化観光（定義：有形又は無形の文化的所産その他の文化に関する資源（文化資源）の観覧、文化資源に関する体験活動その他の活動を通じて文化についての理解を深めることを目的とする観光）」を包含する用語として「観光」を用いています。
※２：『柳田國男全集』第 12 巻（1998.2，筑摩書房）からの引用です。

1

序−２ 計画の対象（１）計画の対象とする文化財等（歴史文化遺産）
本計画では、文化財保護法に基づく指定等の有無、有形・無形にかかわらず、地域の歴史のなかで生まれ、育まれ、今日まで受け継がれている歴史的・文化的・自然的遺産を「歴史文化遺産」と定義し、計画の対象とします（図 0-1）
。なお、
「歴史文化遺産」は、文化庁の指針の対象とする文化財等※１と同等のものであり、「歴史文化遺産」のうち、文化財保護法（昭和 25 年法律第 214 号）、兵庫県文化財保護条例（昭和 39 年条例第 58 号）、福崎町文化財保護に関する条例（昭和 44 年条例第 21号）に関わる場合は、「文化財」の用語を使用します。
また、「歴史文化遺産」と周囲の自然環境や景観、歴史文化遺産を支える人々の活動など（歴史文化遺産の周辺環境）が一体となってつくり出す環境の総体を「歴史文化」と定義しています。

図 0- 1「歴史文化」と「歴史文化遺産」の概念図（２）計画の推進主体
前節「背景と目的」で述べたように、歴史文化遺産の保存・活用は、地域総がかりで取り組むことが不可欠です。したがって、本計画の推進主体は、「町民等」、「行政」、「専門家」で構成される地域社会全体とし、それぞれ次のとおり定義して用います。
町民等：福崎町に住む人（住民）と自治会等の地域組織、福崎町に通勤・通学する人、福崎町内の企業や高校・大学、福崎町を舞台に活動・交流する人や団体
行

政：福崎町とその関係機関

専門家：大学等の専門家、ヘリテージマネージャー※２、文化財審議委員会等の学識経験者やその組織
これらの３つの主体を中心にしながら、町外の関係機関（関係する組織・団体や自治体）や町外の人々（町出身者や関係者、来訪者など）とも積極的に連携を図りながら、計画を推進していくものとします。
-----------※１：「文化財保護法に基づく文化財保存活用大綱・文化財保存活用地域計画・保存活用計画の策定等に関する指針」（文化庁、
平成 31 年 3 月／令和３年６月最終変更）では、指針の対象とする文化財を次のように示しています。
本指針の対象とする「文化財」とは、法第２条に規定される有形文化財、無形文化財、民俗文化財、記念物、文化的景観、伝統的建造物群の６つの類型をいう（なお、この中には国や地方公共団体に指定等されたものだけでなく、何ら行政による保護措置が図られていない、いわゆる未指定文化財も含まれる）。
また、法に規定される土地に埋蔵されている文化財（埋蔵文化財）や文化財を次世代へ継承する上で欠かせない文化財の材料製作・修理等の伝統的な保存技術についても、幅広く対象とすることが有効である。
さらに、国民娯楽など、必ずしも文化財に該当するとは言えないものであっても、各地域にとって重要であり、次世代に継承していくべきと考えられる文化的所産については、これを幅広く捉え、文化財と同等に取り扱う視点も有効である。

※２：ヘリテージマネージャーとは、地域に眠る歴史文化遺産を発見し、保存し、活用し、まちづくりに活かす能力を持った人材です。兵庫県では、平成 13 年度（2001 年度）に兵庫県教育委員会と建築士会が連携して、「兵庫県ヘリテージマネージャー養成講習会」を開講し、令和 3 年度末現在で、建造物・美術工芸品・名勝・天然記念物・有形民俗・無形民俗・考古学の分野で、合計 1,106 名がヘリテージマネージャー養成講習会を受講しています。

2

序−３ 計画の位置づけ
本計画は、文化財保護法第 183 条の３に基づく、福崎町における歴史文化遺産の保存・活用に関する総合的な計画（文化財保存活用地域計画）です。同条第１項の規定に基づき、『兵庫県文化財保存活用大綱』（令さんしゃく

和 2 年（2020）3 月策定）を 参 酌 して作成しています。
『福崎町第５次総合計画』（計画期間：2014〜2023）では、「自立（律）のまちづくり※１」を基本とした参画と協働によるまちづくりを基本理念に掲げ、将来像を「活力にあふれ住んで、学んで、働いてびと体を「福崎“つながり人”※２

風格のある住みよいまち〜

未来につながる福崎〜」としています。これを実現するために、まちづくりの主」と位置づけ、６つの「まちづくりの基本方向（政策）」のもとに 34 の施策を設定しています。基本方向「教育・文化（ひとづくり）」の施策「芸術・文化、文化財」では、「先人を顕彰するとともに、その生き方や功績などを体験的に学び、ひとづくりやまちづくり、地域間交流に生かす」、「住民主体の文化芸術の企画や住民が誇りと愛着をもって文化財保存継承活動に参加できる環境づくりを進める」としており、本計画は、これらを実現していくための計画にあたります。
一方で、本計画で扱う「歴史文化」や「歴史文化遺産」は、教育をはじめ、農林業、商工業、観光、福祉、まちづくりなど、さまざまな分野と密接に関係するものであり、わが国の文化政策の基本となる法律である文化芸術基本法においても、これらの各分野との連携が基本理念に示されています※３。したがって、本計画は、関連分野の計画との連携・調整により、互いに効果的な施策を展開していくための計画でもあります。
以上を踏まえ、本計画は、『福崎町第５次総合計画』で示す将来像の実現の一端を担う歴史文化遺産の保存・活用のためのマスタープラン・アクションプランと同時に、関連する分野における各種施策の効果的な推進を後押しする役割を併せ持つ計画として位置づけます。
（図 0-2）-----------

図 0- 2

計画の位置づけ※１：自立とは、自分の力で主体的に行動すること、自律とは、自分で守るべき決まりをつくり、それに従って行動することとしています。
※２：「福崎“つながり人”」とは、福崎町に住む人（住民）、通勤・通学する人、町を舞台に活動・交流する人、町出身者や関係者、来訪者など、福崎町を想う全ての人々をさします。
※３：文化芸術基本法（平成 13 年法律第 148 号）では、平成 29 年の改正により基本理念の一つとして次を掲げています。

第２条第 10 項 文化芸術に関する施策の推進に当たっては、文化芸術により生み出される様々な価値を文化芸術の継承、発展及び創造に活用することが重要であることに鑑み、文化芸術の固有の意義と価値を尊重しつつ、観光、まちづくり、国際交流、福祉、教育、産業その他の各関連分野における施策との有機的な連携が図られるよう配慮されなければならない。

3序−４ 計画の構成と期間（１）計画の構成
本計画は、大きく２部構成としています。
「第１部

歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の考え方【マスタープラン編】」では、福崎町の歴史文化の特徴等を整理した上で、中長期的な視点からの歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の方向性（目標・方針）を示しています。
「第２部

歴史文化遺産の保存・活用の方策【アクションプラン編】」では、第１部で示した目標・方針を実現するための具体的な施策として、本計画の計画期間で実施する事業計画や推進体制等を示しています。
➡ 計画の構成図は、第１部及び第２部の扉部分を参照ください。
なお、この他に「はじめに」では計画の基本的事項、「巻末資料」では、計画作成の経緯や計画作成にあたって実施したアンケート調査の概要、歴史文化遺産一覧などの詳細資料を掲載しています。
また、町民等が主体的に身近な歴史文化遺産の保存・活用に取り組むことができるよう、歴史文化遺産を自治会単位で再整理した別冊「資料編」を作成します。

（２）計画の期間
本計画の計画期間は、令和４年度から令和 10 年度の７年間とします。計画期間の最終年度にあたる令和10 年度には、計画に基づく施策の実施状況並びに効果検証を行い、その結果を反映しながら計画内容を見直し、次期計画を作成します。なお、第２部のアクションプラン編については、事業計画を「前期（令和 4〜5年度）」、「中期（令和 6〜8 年度）」、「後期（令和 9〜10 年度）」に分けて設定しています。計画の着実な実施のために必要な場合には、事業計画の内容の見直しを行うこととします。（図 0-3）
また、上記を含めて、次期福崎町総合計画との調整や社会情勢等の変化に対応するために計画変更を行う
場合で、計画期間の変更、歴史文化遺産の保存に影響を及ぼすおそれのある変更又は計画の実施に支障が生じるおそれのある変更を行う場合は、文化庁長官による変更の認定を受け、これら以外の軽微な計画変更を行う場合は、兵庫県教育委員会を通じて文化庁に報告します。

図 0- 3計画の期間4