Sensitivity to the neutrino electric millicharge of experiments
involving elastic neutrino-electron and coherent elastic
neutrino-nucleus processes

Alexander Parada
Universidad Santiago de Cali

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 202101

Outline➢ Introduction➢ Elastic neutrino-electron scattering (ENES)➢ Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS)➢ Bounds on NEM from ENES experiments of reactor antineutrinos.
➢ Constraints on NEM from CEvNS future experiments of reactor

antineutrinos.
➢ Conclusions.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

02

Introduction
Standard Model (SM)

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

Neutrino Oscillations

Neutrinos are massive particles

Neutrinos are massless, electrically neutral,and only interact weakly with charged leptons.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

To extend the SM to explain
the neutrino mass

Virtual Conference,
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Neutrino electric millicharge (NEM)

Amplitud of neutrino-photon
electromagnetic interaction

The vertex function includes four form factors,

Considering couplings with real photons,[1] C. Giunti and A. Studenikin, Rev. Mod. Phys., 87, 531 (2015).

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 202104

Antineutrinos from reactor experiments

https://physics.aps.org/articles/v10/66
20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

05

Elastic neutrino-electron scattering (ENES)

Antineutrino-electron cross section

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 202106

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS)
1974: Theoretical prediction[2] D. Z. Freedman, Phys. Rev. D 9, 1389 (1974)
20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

072017: Observation of CEvNS by COHERENT Collaboration[3] D. Akimov et al., Science 357, no. 6356, 1123 (2017)2020: Detection of CEvNS on Argon[4] D. Akimov et al, arXiv: 2003.10630

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

08

Neutral Current (NC) interaction
The momentum exchanged is smaller
than the inverse of the nuclear size

D. Akimov et al., Science 357, no. 6356, 1123 (2017)
20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

09

Neutrinos production at the SNS

arXiv: 1211.5199v1

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 202110

Perspectives for exploring new physics in CEvNS➢ NSI Interactions➢ Sterile neutrinos➢ Neutrino magnetic moment➢ Neutrino couplings to new massive or light scalars(vector) mediators➢ Leptoquarks➢ Neutrino electric millicharge

ArXiv: 1805.01798, arXiv: 1907.04942, arXiv: 2003,12050, and references therein.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

11

Some limits on NEM from different sources➔

Based on the neutrality of matter [5]➔Neutrino Star Turning mechanism [6]➔Analysis of SN 1987 A neutrinos [7]➔From TEXONO experiment data [8]➔From GEMMA experiment data [9]➔Involving electron neutrino flavor(from COHERENT experiment data)[10][5] G. G. Raffelt, Physics Reports, vol. 320, no 1-6, pp. 319-327. 1999
[6] A. I. Studenikin and I. Tokarev, Nuclear Physics B, vol 884, pp. 396-407, 2014.
[7] G. Barbiellini and G. Cocconi, Nature, vol. 329, no. 6134, pp. 21-22, 1987.
[8] S. N. Gninenko, N. V. Krasnikov and A. Rubbia, Phys. Rev. D 75, 075014 (2007).
[9] A. Studenikin, EPL 107, no. 2, 21001 (2014) Erratum: [EPL 107, no. 3, 39901 (2014)].
[10] M. Cadeddu, F. Dordei, C. Giunti, Y. Li, and Y. Zhang, Physical Review D, 101, no. 3,033004, 2020.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 202112

Analysis from ENES experiments of reactor antineutrinos
Antineutrino-electron cross section

The Standard Model contribution

The Electromagnetic and interference contributions

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

13

Reactor antineutrino experiments
Rovno nuclear power plant (Ukraine)
Krasnoyarsk nuclear power plant (Russia)

https://uatom.org/index.php/en/general-information/rivne-npp/
http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2017/ph241/buttinger2/

MUNU experiment at Bugey NPP (France)

https://www.entrepriseetdecouverte.fr/property/edf-bugey-nuclear-power-plant/?lang=en

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

GEMMA at Kalinin nuclear power plant (Russia)

Kalinin-Nuclear-Power-Plant

TEXONO experiment at Kuo Sheng NPP(Taiwan)

https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3406044

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

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14

Features of the reactor experiments[11] A. Aguilar-Arevalo, et al, Journal of Instrumentation, vol 11, no 7, 012057, 2016.
[12] Y. Farzan, et al., Journal of High Energy Physics, vol 2018, no 5, 66, 2018.
[13] G. Agnolet, et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, vol 853,
pp. 53-60, 2017[14] D. Y. Akimov, et al., Journal of Instrumentation, vol 12, no. 6, C06018, 2017[15] H. T. Wong, Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 844, no. 1-4, pp. 229C-233c, 2010.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

15

Theoretical number of events (in the ith bin)where the resolution function corresponds to20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experimentsinvolving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
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16

Results from ENES experiments

Combined limit:[16] A. Parada, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2020 (2020) 5908904.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

17

Analysis from CEvNS experimental proposals of reactor
antineutrinos
Cross section of CEvNSStandard Model contribution

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

18

Electromagnetic and interference contributions

CEvNS experiments
TEXONO experiment at Kuo Sheng NPP(Taiwan)

http://wikimapia.org/197066/Kalinin-Nuclear-Power-Plant

20th Lomonosov Conference on
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CONNIE experiment at Angra NPP (Brasil)

https://elperiodicodelaenergia.com/la-central-nuclear-brasilenaconstruida-en-medio-de-un-paraiso/

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

19

CONUS experiment at Brokdorf NPP (Germany)

Kernkraftwerk Brokdorf.

RED100 experiment at Kalinin NPP (Russia)

Kalinin-Nuclear-Power-Plant

MINER experiment at the Nuclear
Science Center at Texas A&M
University.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

20

Experiment’s characteristics[9] A. Aguilar-Arevalo, et al, Journal of Instrumentation, vol 11, no 7, 012057, 2016.
[10] Y. Farzan, et al., Journal of High Energy Physics, vol 2018, no 5, 66, 2018.
[11] G. Agnolet, et al., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, vol853, pp. 53-60, 2017[12] D. Y. Akimov, et al., Journal of Instrumentation, vol 12, no. 6, C06018, 2017[13] H. T. Wong, Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 844, no. 1-4, pp. 229C-233c, 2010.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

21

Theoretical number of events

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

22

Results from CEvNS experiments

Combined limit:

A. Parada, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2020 (2020) 5908904.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

23

Results from CEvNS experiments

A. Parada, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2020 (2020) 5908904.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

24Results from CEvNS experiments

A. Parada, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2020 (2020) 5908904.

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

25

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

26

20th Lomonosov Conference on
Elementary Particle Physics

Talk: Sensitivity to the NEM of experiments
involving ENES and CEvNS processes

Virtual Conference,
August 20, 2021

27