JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 1

January 2020

V ol. 74, N o. 1

CON T E NT Snd

T he Special I ssue of the 62 ―2019 JA PA N T A PPI A nnual M eetingat Sendai, M iyag i
2General Rev i ew of the 62 nd―2019 JA PA N T A PPI A nnual M eeti ng at Sendai ,M iy ag i ……Plannin g Subcom m ittee, JA PA N T A PPI

11

K ey note
Speechnd

T he 62 ―2019 JA PA N T A PPI A nnual M eetin g in Send ai, M iyag i“Challeng es to the nex t g en er ation of th e pulp and paper industr y―I nnovation of biom ass
techn olog y w ill lead to the futur e”……K azufum i Y am asak i

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Lecture by W inner of 2018 JA PA N T A PPI Pri ze

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A V isi t to I shi nom ak i M il l―N ippon Paper I ndustri es Co., Ltd.―23

Li st of E x hibi tors & E x hibi ts 2019

T echni cal R epor t

26

D ev el opm ent and A ppli cati on of “Catal yzer ty pe D e–i nk ing ag ent”
―D evelopm ent of “H ydr olyze type Pitch contr ol ag ent”―……T ak ash i T anak a and H ar uhik o T oyohar a

34

Sy stem for I m prov i ng Producti v ity , Operation E f ficiency and E nvi ronm ental
H eal th ……H irok i K atsur a

41

Proposal for Sol id F uel Conv ersion of W aste Pulper K il n ……Y asuo Og um a

44

Reali zati on of F unctional Safety M anag em ent for Plant……Shintar o T aj im a50

A nal y ze Current Situati on by D ig i tal A udi t, and System I nstal lati on……K anato M izu k oshi

57

A dv anced Onli ne Process A naly zer for Chem ical Recov ery and Pulp M i ll
Control ……T hanh T ru ng and T om oh id e M og am i

03
67
68

Com m i ttee report
Cof fee break
Papy rus

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77
80
90
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I ndustry N ew s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
List of T itles in F or eig n Journals Received by JA PA N T A PPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Pr ice list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 January JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.1 Abstracts
Development and Application of“Catalyzer type De-inking agent”.
-Development of“Hydrolyze type Pitch control agent”-

Takashi Tanaka and Haruhiko Toyohara
Department institute of Surface Science and Technology, Specialty Chemicals Division,
NICCA CHEMICAL CO.,LTD.
Since recycling of waste paper is an important problem for environmental protection, the paperindustry strives to improve the utilization rate of used paper. On the other hand, maintaining thequality of deinked pulp is becoming important as the demand level of quality for deinking pulp has
become higher.
In recent years, printed matters by UV curable ink have been increasing for environmental reasons
such as energy saving and no content of VOC (volatile organic compound). The UV curable ink is afactor that significantly reduces the quality of the deinked pulp because the conventional deinking
method is not applicable to miniaturize UV cured ink which forms strong film.
So far, conventional drying oils based ink (oxidation and polymerization drying ink) using fornewspaper etc. is relatively easy to miniaturize. However the ink is too adhesive to remove, then leadthe problem of the difficulty to improve the quality of deinking pulp even if further operation conditionis optimized such as the flotation process and the dosage of bleaching agent like hydrogen peroxide.
To provide the solution of these problems, we've successfully developed "catalyzer-type de-inking
agent" combining the techniques of interface science and catalyst science for the first time in thisindustry.
On the other hand, matters called pitch (dust, dirt) are generated during the production process of
paper using waste paper. There are a lot of origins of pitch such as the adhesive for postal slip, backglue and resins in coating agents. As conventional pitch control agent provide only the performance ofsolubilization, emulsification and dispersing of resins, in some cases, pitch is generated due toaggregation and giant growth of particles by demulsification or dispersion-break which are caused byexternal factors like pH change, shear force and addition of fixing agent like aluminum sulfate.
These pitches adhere to paper, or paper manufacturing equipment such as aging towers,
concentrators, rolls, dryers, etc., in some cases, the accumulated pitches drops off and re-adheres topaper. This reattachment causes problems such as quality loss of paper and decrease in productivity
and workability due to paper breakage.
In particular, waste paper recycling plants are facing this pitch (dust, dirt) problem as the same levelof frequency as the problem by UV cured ink. Thus the development of the new generation of pitch
control agent as the solution of pitch problem has been requested for many years in the paper industry.
In this paper, we further introduce newly developed "hydrolyze-type pitch control agent" by applying
the catalyst technology of "catalyzer-type deinking agent". This new pitch control agent accelerates
dissolution of pitches and prevents giant growth by decomposing the resin.

System for Improving Productivity, Operation Efficiency and Environmental Health

Hiroki Katsura
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
The recent environment surrounding the paper industry has changed, especially with regard to theincrease in paper recycling rates. It causes fluctuations in furnish quality, which affects the runningstability of the machine and the paper product quality. In this complex situation, we focus on the"water" often used in the papermaking process to improve productivity. The combination of inorganic
slime control agent and aeration stabilizes the water quality more efficiently than ever. The "S. sensing® system" has three functions: monitoring, analysis and control.
First, we monitor water quality and accumulate machine operation and paper quality informationfrom customers.Next, analyze the correlation between them. Third, control the water quality, improve
the operation stability of the machine and the quality of paper products. In this report, 1) the drainage
load reduction by the water quality stabilization technology by inorganic slime control agent andaeration, 2) improvement of operation by correlation analysis of operation and water quality, 3) control
case using S. sensing system are introduced.

Proposal for Solid Fuel Conversion of Waste Pulper Kiln

Yasuo Oguma
Oguma Iron Works Co.,Inc.
In recent years, while the reduction of by-products, which are by-products, and zero emissions arecalled for in production factories, the present situation is that the reduction of essential waste has notbeen achieved. In addition, the sharp decline in the export of plastic waste to China has triggered therise in the cost of industrial waste disposal in Japan, and the reduction of waste at the factory level andthe reduction of internal waste have been required. Most pulpers generated as wastes in thepapermaking process using waste paper as the main material are mostly plastic, and high moisture
content is discharged. Although these are temporarily treated, they are still incinerated or industrial
waste treated with a high water content of 60% or more. On the other hand, paper companies that own
biomass boilers purchase fuel from waste plastic from outside as RPF. RPF is originally molded fromwaste plastic and paper etc. with low moisture content * 1 JIS standard. During molding, frictional
heat is generated and the melted plastic melts and solidifies in a form that mixes paper However, since
the pulper cake has an originally high moisture content when discharged, the heat of melting
necessary for forming is taken away by the heat of vaporization, and solidification is almost impossible.
As a solution to this structural problem, the machine separates the part where water is discharged, anduses a compression mechanism to compress the pulper weir in the previous stage to separate it fromthe water and discharge it from the lower part of the machine. Molded in. Pulverizer with highmoisture content can be converted to solid fuel.
Realization of Functional Safety Management for Plant

Shintaro Tajima
Yokogawa Solution Service Corporation Solution Business Division
Essentially, the highest priority in plant operation is "safety" and it means that damage to people
from plant accidents should never be occurred. In Japan, plant safety has been protected by strict
maintenance and education and training for users. However, in a society where the working population
declines as the birthrate declines and the population ages, visualization of tacit knowledge and the
problem of technology transfer are emerging as safety issues in various industrial fields. In this paper,to tackle this problem, the design and systematization method of functional safety of plant based oninternational standard IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is introduced.
Analyze current situation by Digital audit, and system installation

Kanato Mizukoshi
P&S sales department, Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Industrie 4.0 is a project in the high-tech strategy of the German government and is the title given to
the next fourth Industrial Revolution. As part of Industrie 4.0 Voith Paper has already started to
introduce and promote the Papermaking 4.0 concept globally. It based on the next generation of
cyber-physical systems, encompassing the full life-cycle knowledge and intelligence necessary for theautonomous decentralized control of manufacturing plants. This coupled with big data analytics
providing better insight and predictive capabilities allows for the next leap in productivity and cost
reduction.
Concept of papermaking 4.0 is pervading at paper industry. However no installation reference inJapan so far. And because of this many of us think this is still future technology and not yet adaptable
in Japanese market. When we look at oversea market more and more reference are made.
Thanks for this opportunity, VPIT introduce actual installation of OnE strength which is one of
PM4.0 product. Value added assessment (VAA) is carried out ahead of OnE installation. VAA is kind ofprocess and digital audit. Find out what kind of model can adapt to individual machine. This audit
result give the customer clear image what kind of benefit they can get thorough PM4.0 installation.

ADVANCED ONLINE PROCESS ANALYZER FOR CHEMICAL RECOVERY AND PULP MILLCONTROL

Thanh Trung
FIT NIR Analyzers Inc.
Tomohide Mogami
Toko Instruments, Inc.
With increasing competition worldwide, the pulp and paper manufacturers require greater emphasison cost reduction and increased product efficiency and quality. Chemical recovery process continues tobe a critical component of a pulp mill, providing chemical, steam, and power. The mill’s economic
viability rests in large part from efficient and optimized chemical recovery operations. The use of
Fourier-transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FTNIR) has been fully developed by FPInnovations(formerly Paprican) and it’s Alliance Partners, as proven process analyzers for online measurements ofvarious streams in the chemical recovery processes, including: raw green liquor for TTA control,
clarified green liquor for TTA trim control and feedforward slaker control, causticizer white liquors for
CE control, as well as weak black liquor residual effective alkali, lignin, organics, inorganics, and total
solids content to provide feedforward for evaporator control.
These measurements have led to new advancements in control strategies which take advantage ofthe multitude of liquor chemical compositions, starting with advanced control of the dissolving tank
TTA to feedforward slaker control and final CE control. With the implementations of these analyzers
and control strategies, mills have reported significant process variability reduction, typically from 40%
to 60%, allowing for target shifts to higher TTAs and higher CEs. In addition, these mills have reported
significant reduction in purchased lime usage and all mills reported reduction in pressure filter
maintenance, reduced plugging in evaporators, and plugging in recovery boiler. In one case, increase
WL strength and debottlenecking recausticizing area resulted in significant increase in digester
production. ROI ranged from $500K to $3M.
This paper will briefly review the technology and will give further details on economic impacts
achieved through efficient and optimized chemical recovery operations with the use of process
analyzers and control.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 2

February 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 2

CNF
1

F eatures and A ppl ication D ev el opm ent of nanoforest……Hid eak i Saida

8

D ev el opm ent of X anthated Cell ulose N anof ib er……H irok u ni T ajim a

13

N ew D ev elopm ent of Cel lul ose N anof ib ers―A Com p osite M ater ial of Carbon F iber s and CN F s―……Ju nji N em oto

16

Preparati on of Phosphory l ated Cell ulose N anof ib er and I ts U til izati on……Y usuk e T od or ok i

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T he Current Status and F uture Prospects of CN F R& D
―CN F W ould be F ound in A r ticles A r ound Y ou―……F um inar i N onom ur a

T op ics & I nf or m ati on

29

Cl adding T echnolog y for the Outer Ci rcum ference of Long Pi pes Usi ng the
Cooli ng F uncti on by U l traf in e–bubbl e–cool ant……Y uu k i Shim izu , Y oichi Shiraish i and Shin ichi Nin om iy a

33

A W orl d of Rel iabl e Rotation―SK F Perfor m ance Based Solution ―……K eisu k e T aniuch i

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N U K OT E POLY URE A LI N I N G SY ST E M ……A tsushi Y am azak i and K ohei Ota

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A Report on T A PPI PaperCon2019―M ay 5–8, 2019 at I ndianapolis, U SA ―……M asanar i T ak ah ashi, M arina T ak azaw a an d Ryo Sotook a

I ntr od uctio n o f R esear ch L abor a tor ies（ 132）42

D eep–Sea N anoscience Research Group, Research Center for Bi oscienceand N anosci ence, Japan A g ency for M ari ne–E arth Sci ence and T echnology（ JA M ST E C）

R eview A r ti cle（ Or ig inal Pap er ）46

Odor i n Pul p and Paper M il ls, I denti fy ing the Cause and F inding the Soluti on by
E f fici ent Chem ical A pproach ……Y uk en I shik aw a

Pulp and Paper M il ls i n Ja pan（ 82）52

T ok ai M i ll , Oji F –T ex Co., Ltd.

03
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45
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Com m i ttee report
E ssay on I ntel lectual Property
Cof fee break
Papy rus

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62
74
75
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I ndustry N ew s（ D om estic and I nter national）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Pr ice list of Dom estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s from the A ssociation

2020 February JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.2 Abstracts
Development of Xanthated Cellulose Nanofiber

Hirokuni Tajima
Research Planning Department, Central Laboratory, Rengo co., Ltd.
Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is produced by fibrillating pulps to the nano-sized fibrils either throughchemical or mechanical processes. It possesses interesting properties, such as high strength, high elastic
modules, low thermal expansion, and thixotropy of the suspension. For these properties, it can be usedfor various applications, and is drawing great attention in recent years as a promising next-generationmaterial. It is well known that CNF with a particular microfibril unit fineness and high aspect ratio canbe obtained by firstly introducing either carboxylate or phosphate groups into cellulose, followed bygentle mechanical fibrillation with the help of the electrostatic repulsion and/or osmotic effects causedby those introduced anions.
Our company, Rengo, has been manufacturing cellophane from pulps for many years. Since cellulose
xanthate, an intermediate product in the production process, is also an anionic cellulose derivative, we
put our effort on this intermediate to make CNF. We found that xanthated cellulose nanofiber (XCNF)
with a diameter of about 3-10 nm can be generated efficiently by maintaining the crystallinity of cellulose
type I and controlling the degree of substitution to prevent the formed cellulose xanthate from dissolving
in the solution through the fibrillation process. Such obtained XCNF can be easily converted(regenerated) to a non-substituted cellulose nanofiber (RCNF) form by treating XCNF with either heator acid. Although some agglomerates were observed, the diameter of RCNF is still in the range of a few
nanometers. As a non-substituted CNF, our product is extremely small in diameter and with hightransparency. Moreover, since it is cellulose, its heat resistance is close to that of pulps. Based on thesecharacteristics, various applications are under development.
New Development of Cellulose Nanofibers-A Composite Material of Carbon Fibers and CNFs-

Junji Nemoto
Novel Materials Development Office, Hokuetsu Corporation
All-cellulose composites in which cellulose was adhered by dissolved cellulose were proposed in the mid2000s and have shown good mechanical properties in laboratory scale. Although they have been
considered as new materials, it is not certain that the processes can be applied for practical production.
Vulcanized fibers use the same concept as the all-cellulose composites and are robust all-cellulosic
materials in which cellulose micro fibers are adhered with cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). They were
invented in 1850s and still have been manufactured industrially. Recently a new composite material
was created from carbon fibers and the vulcanized fibers. The materials were lightweight and showed
better dimension stability even after exposure to a humid condition. This composite material based oncarbon fibers and CNFs can compensate for the conventional shortcomings. Therefore, new developmentof CNFs is expected in the future.

Preparation of Phosphorylated Cellulose Nanofiber and Its Utilization

Yusuke Todoroki
CNF R&D Center, Innovaion Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation
Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) are obtained from wood pulp by isolating crystalline microfibrils in whichmolecular chains of cellulose are regularly arranged. Since CNF is not only a sustainable natural
resource but also has unique features, its multifaceted utilization is expected. By subjecting softwood
bleached kraft pulp to phosphorylation and then mechanical treatment, the CNFs with phosphategroups on their crystal surface could individually be dispersed in water. The dispersion had uniquerheological properties, and the phosphate groups provided stability in a wide pH range to the dispersion.
These features emerge even when the fibers in the dispersion have broad distributions of width andlength. The aqueous dispersion of phosphorylated CNF was commercialized as a thickening anddispersing agent for cosmetics, taking advantage of its high transparency, high viscosity and highdispersant ability. In addition, phosphorylated CNF was adopted for the pump primer to preventconcrete blockage in pumping pipe by forming a thin and uniform lubricating layer on the inner surfaceof the pipe at construction sites. Due to the rheological properties of the CNF, lubricating layer can bestably formed, and components in pump primer can be stably dispersed and the pump primer can adapt
to pumping speed. Phosphorylated CNF with further modification can be dispersed in organic solvents.
The CNF is provided in powder form and is dispersible in various organic solvents, and the dispersion
has characteristics common to CNF aqueous dispersion. This CNF powder made it possible to study
applications for use in non-aqueous solvents. On the other hand, we can manufacture CNF sheet from
aqueous dispersion in which phosphorylated CNFs are individually dispersed. In addition to its hightensile strength, high thermal dimensional stability and flexibility, high-precision patterning on the CNF
sheet had been succeeded. Its application to flexible electronic device is expected. We will further promote
the utilization of phosphorylated CNF.
The current status and future prospects of CNF R&D-CNF would be found in articles around you.-

Fuminari Nonomura
Nippon paper Industries Co., LTD
Cellulose Nano Fiber (CNF), a recyclable new material made from woody biomass, has uniqueproperties such as high aspect ratio, ultrafine width, crystalline structure, light weight, high elastic
modulus and special rheological characteristics. CNF research and development has started in Japanaround 2000, and more than 200 companies are developing their manufacturing technologies andapplications supported by related governmental ministries.
Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. (NPI), which started CNF R&D activities officially in 2007, are now
operating two commercial CNF production facilities (TEMPO-oxidized CNF at Ishinomaki mill, CMCNF at Gotsu mill) and one pilot facility (CNF-reinforced resin at Fuji mill).
Metal ion attached TEMPO-oxidized CNF has been utilized for deodorant sheet, CM-CNF has been
adopted for cosmetics as well as food such as Dorayaki (pancakes stuffed with red bean paste) by taking
advantage of its rheological property and moisture control ability. We have been providing CNFreinforced resin for Nano Cellulose Vehicle project funded by Ministry of the Environment which isaiming for weight saving automotive parts.
CNF is abundant biomass material on earth and also it has wide variety of unique properties which
are unassociated each other. This allows the CNF to have potential to be used in every possible area.We
believe that in near future, the world is to come in which we go like “Look, CNF is all around us!”
However we recognize there are some hurdles to overcome for early realization of it.
To solve it, mass production technology, established CNF modifying technology suitable for its
application, and application development by collaborating with related companies and organizations areimportant.
It is our responsibility as a pulp and paper company to promote practical realization and expanding
market of CNF.
Cladding technology for the outer circumference of long pipes using the cooling function by ultrafinebubble-coolant

Yuuki Shimizu and Yoichi Shiraishi
Welding Alloyｓ Japan LTD. Engineering Department
Shinichi Ninomiya
Nippon Institute of Technology
Tubes in various boilers such as super heaters, in-bed tubes, and connecting tubes is in a severe
corrosive environment like the furnace wall. Our company has established a corrosion and erosionresistant wear construction method by welding all around the outer surface of a tube exceeding 8m,
and has developed a device that has cleared the problems of equipment size, rigidity, cost, etc.
Normally, when welding the outer surface of such a tube, it is necessary to cool the inside of the tube
with cooling water in order to prevent meltdown and deformation of the tube due to welding heat.
In this report, focused on the cooling water and conducted experiments by adding Ultra Fine Bubbles,
which have been applied and used in the fields of fisheries industry, industry, agriculture, medicine,etc., to the cooling water in recent years. In result, it was able to be developed a cooling system that
reduced the amount of deformation and shrinkage of the tube.

A world of reliable rotation-SKF performance based solution-

Keisuke Taniuchi
SKF Japan Ltd.
Business for rotational equipment has been changing from transactional to performance based
solution.
NUKOTE POLYUREA LINING SYSTEM

Atsushi Yamazaki and Kohei Ota
NEW BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT TEAM KANAMORI CO,.LTD.
Due to the repeated earthquakes and big storms, damages to the people and structures are frequently
happening recently. Traditionally hard type epoxy linings and FRP linings have been used for theprotection of metallic and concrete structures of plant facilities due to their cost and performance.
However, while hard type lining materials have advantages of strength and chemical resistance
performance they do not have the elasticity due to which cracks tend to occur frequently if the thoselinings are applied to hard substrates like concrete. Therefore, wish to explain the merits of using
polyurea resin for the lining for its favorable features and properties that have both strength andelasticity.
A Report on TAPPI PaperCon2019-May 5-8, 2019 at Indianapolis,USA-

Takahashi Masanari
Takazawa Marina
Ishinomaki Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd.
Sotooka Ryo
NPI Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd.
PaperCon 2019 was held in Indianapolis, USA on May 5-8, 2019 hosted by TAPPI(Technical
Association of Pulp and Paper Industry). There were 11 sessions and over 200 lectures in the conference.
We report on summary of 10 presentations and some topics.
Odor in Pulp and Paper Mills, Identifying the Cause and Finding the Solution by Efficient Chemical Approach.

Yuken Ishikawa
Nissin Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.
The ability to identify odors, or sense of smell, varies among people. An odor that is viewed as
unpleasant by some people cannot be perceived unpleasant by others. Due to its subjective evaluation,
it was very difficult to properly control odors and taking countermeasures to eliminate them has
remained a major issue for pulp and paper mills. The problems associated with odors have been greatly
improved by the Offensive Odor Control Law that defined the offensive odor as pollution and establishedthe regulation standards. However, offensive odors that are not completely removed can still arise fromfactories, adversely affecting not only residents in the neighborhood, but also operability of machines,
productivity and quality of products, and efficiency and safety of workers. In this report, we will identify
the cause of odors released from pulping and papermaking processes, propose effective chemical
approaches to remove them and find the solution for paper quality improvement and stable operation.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 3

March 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 3

Pr ocess Contr ol a nd A utom ati on/I oT
2General Rev iew of 43rd Pul p and Paper Process Control Sy m posi um……Process Contr ol and A utom ation Com m ittee, JA PA N T A PPI

15

F acil ity D iag nosi ng by A I T echnolog i es……N aouya W ak am atsu

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I ntroducti on and U til izati on of A rti f icial I ntell ig ence T echnol og y……N aok i K aw am u ra and K oichi Suzuk i

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A dv anced A naly ti cs I m prove M i ll Perform ance and Rel iabi li ty……Jari A lm i, Sam uli L eh ton en and A tsu sh i Y am am oto

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Bui ldi ng M ul tiv ari able Predicti v e Control for Pul p Processes w ith Slow
Response……K unih ik o Seto

38

F ail ure Prediction F unction D evelopm ent for “e–M usen Junk ai”……Susum u Nozoe

45

I nstrum entation I ntroduction E x am pl e after Operation of Biom ass Boi ler……T ak ushi H ond a

50

E f fici ency I m prov em ent by Opti m i zing Coal Boi ler Control……Sy uuich i T suk idate

T op ics & I nf or m atio n

57

Real–T i m e Perform ance M onitoring―N eed for Pow er full A nalytics T ool En ab les Sm ar t Operation s―……Sadao U en o

62

Opti m i zation of Operati on
by M onitori ng Paper M achine D eposi ts
TM―Benef its of Sm artPap yr us ―……H itom aru Sak ata

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I ntroducti on of Cooperati v e Process Optim izati on betw een Paper M achines andStock Preparation―A N ew A p proach to I m p roving Control Per for m ance and A u tom atin g Gr ad e Ch an g e
Oper ations―……K en–ich iro W ad a74

W ork sty le Reform ati on of I nspection W ork―A bout DX ef for ts b y “in sp ection cloud ser vice teraSpection”―……Iw ao K ak eg aw a

R esea r ch R epo r（t Or ig i nal Paper ）78

I m portance of Rheol og y and V i scosity in Paper and Board Coati ng……V esa K u k k am o, CE O and Jyr k i Laar i, CT O

R eview A r ti cle（ Or ig inal Pap er ）88

Research and D ev el opm ent T rend of N anocel lul ose……T ak anor i M iyanishi

03
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Com m i ttee report
Papy rus

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108
118
119
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I ndustry N ew s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
L ist of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 March JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.3 Abstracts
Facility diagnosing by AI technologies

Naouya Wakamatsu
NEC Corporation.
In recent years, achieving safe and stable operation of plants has become a common challenge facing
the process industry due to the increasing complexity of aging and highly modified systems as well as
the exodus of skilled and experienced workers from the industry upon retirement. Meanwhile, as
machine resources and AI technologies grow in sophistication, we are seeing IoT, BigData, and AI being
used as a solution to ensuring the safe and stable operation of plants.
NEC utilizes its technologies and engages in initiatives to provide solutions for plant operations. In
this paper, we introduce the Plant Failure Predictive Monitoring System as one such solution that
focuses on the relationship between the sensors at plants. Through the use of AI to leverage plant datathat has been overlooked until now, NEC aims to deliver advanced security at plants to prevent accidents,
improve operational efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure the succession of technology.
We hope our paper will encourage you to consider augmenting the skills of your experienced workforce
and your control system-based monitoring with the introduction and application of AI to support the safe
and stable operation of your plant.
Introduction and utilization of Artificial Intelligence Technology

Naoki Kawamura and Koichi Suzuki
NTT DATA INTELLILINK Corporation
AI (Artificial Intelligence) has recently become a common word on everywhere. It has been common
for several years, but in fact, artificial intelligence has been studied and used for nearly 40 years.
However, it was a little different from the speech recognition and image recognition that we can see today.
Here, we will give a basic explanation on the technology of artificial intelligence, which is currently called
the third boom, and once again organize the technology and give tips on how to use it.
Advanced analytics improve mill performance and reliability

Atsushi Yamamoto
Valmet KK
The Industrial Internet has enabled the unlocking of the value of vast data resources in a modern pulp
and paper mill. Combining process and business data from different mill systems, applying advanced
analytics and utilizing industry knowhow allows advanced companies to launch new data driven
analytical applications. The applications can just visualize the big data, but also incorporate artificial
intelligence to predict future outcomes and increase overall level of intelligence. New applications enableassisted decision making by mill operators and create more intelligent setpoints to the automation
system.
Analytical applications and remote connections can be also used by suppliers process and machine
experts in their remote support centers. Their analyses, discoveries and recommendations are being used
to optimize the performance of mill sub-processes and the whole mill. Suppliers and pulp and paper
producers collaboratively implement and sustain mill performance and reliability improvement
programs based on various analytical applications for assisted decision making, closed loop optimizationand knowledge based services. Specific case studies are presented where productivity has been increased,
raw material and energy costs lowered, quality optimized and process uptime improved throughadvanced analytics leveraged both by operators and suppliers in their services.
The future of data analytics will involve common solutions by suppliers in a so-called “digital
ecosystem”. Concrete steps in building this ecosystem are being taken by combining the resources andsolutions of an automation supplier with a supplier of enterprise resource planning and manufacturingexecution systems.

Building multivariable predictive control for pulp processes with slow response

Kunihiko Seto
Honeywell Japan Ltd. Honeywell Connected Plant
Controlling slow response process such as continuous digester and bleaching unit by regulatory control
system is difficult. Model predictive control technique is effective for slow process. Applying soft sensor
will help to control slow response qualities of these processes. However, processes with large deadtime
have further difficulties to control. Deadtime will be varied by feed rate change and make model
mismatch. Variable dead time is required but typical variable deadtime function still has some issue.
Custom variable deadtime has been used to support this case. Multivariable model predictive control
with soft sensor updated by on-line sensor using custom variable deadtime compensation is one of thesolutions to control such slow response processes.
Failure prediction function development for “e-Musen Junkai”

Susumu Nozoe
Akita Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., LTD.
"e-Musen Junkai" system monitors vibration and temperature of equipment.
The system enables users to spend less time for equipment regular inspection, and to predict equipment
failure more easily before break-down. Even though it is effective to monitor by setting a threshold value,
failure prediction function has been developed by analyzing correlation of data from two set of sensors
installed both drive end and non-drive end of rotating equipment such as motor, fan and pump. The
function can capture changes on bearing health conditions. This report introduces the predictive
maintenance technology by "e-Musen Junkai".
Instrumentation introduction example after operation of biomass boiler

Takushi Honda
Sendai Mill, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.
Sendai Mill，Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd. Sendai Factory has abundant timber resources inSouth Kyushu and a system that can collect timber cultivated through paper business. The feed-in
tariff system for renewable energy (FIT system) started in July 2012. In November 2015, a new
biomass fuel power generation facility using this system was established. Two problems occurred after
the introduction of the equipment. The first is a decrease in output due to fuel moisture, the second is
the output decreased due to the fuel input method. In order to solve these problems, we installed amoisture sensor (MCT460) manufactured by Process Sensors corporation. And Moisture meter
instruction was incorporated into ACC (automatic combustion control) control which is boiler control.
In addition, a microwave level meter (MWLM) manufactured by Matsushima Measure Tech Co., Ltd.
was installed. As a result, the power generation output was stabilized. This paper introduces the
background of the introduction of both instruments and the situation after the introduction.
Efficiency improvement by optimizing coal boiler control

Syuuichi Tsukidate
MPM OPERATION Co.，Ltd.
Power generation facilities at Hachinohe plant of Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited consist of a coal-fired
boiler, a waste boiler，black liquor recovery boilers and steam turbines. These facilities are being operated
to satisfy both the steam and power demands fully while using many fuel sources such as heavy oil, coal,
black liquor and waste efficiently.
Recently, we introduced new optimum parameters to a system of a conventional controller to operatea coal-fired boiler. The system has solved some operating problems and reduced power generation costs.

Real-Time performance monitoring-Need for Powerfull Analytics Tool Enables Smart Operations -Sadao Ueno
Honeywell Japan LTD Honeywell Process Solutions
Demanding performance requirement, aging workforce and data integration to action. Today, process
plants across globe face common challenges. With an accurate measurement of process performancecontinuously compared with a proven benchmark, personnel can better operate their plants and ensure
production has been fully optimized. Industrial facilities also need timely notifications to take the rightproactive actions, which minimize degradation, poor performance and secondary damage to equipment
to ensure lower costs, increased throughput and higher profits. This paper explains the mechanics ofthe powerful analytics tool for industrial operations.
Optimization of operation by monitoring paper machine deposits-Benefits of SmartPapyrusTM-

Hitomaru Sakata
Fuji Technology Development Center, Technology Development Team, MAINTECH CO., LTD
Maintech innovates and distributes technology of chemicals and spray equipment to avoid deposits on
paper machines.95% of domestic paper making mills adopt Dryer Surface Passivation(DSP) as adeposits and paper breaking counter measure, also 673 chemical spray machines'MistRunner'and'ShowerRunner' are in operation across the world.
In recycled papermaking, as the Deposit levels and profiles on the fabric and rolls often change, it isrequired to adjust the chemicals and chemical spraying equipment according to the conditions. However,
it is dangerous for workers to check the fabric condition inside the dryer hood in a high temperature andhumidity environment.
We have been developing the 'SmartPapyrus' system which visualizes and quantifies the deposits ofpaper machines and optimizes the amount of chemicals depending on the deposit conditions. We havealso developed the system 'SmartDepo.' to visualize the Deposit conditions on the fabric in the dryer hoodwith heat resistant camera, and quantification by image processing.
Also, we have begun applying the 'SmartChemical' system which controls the discharge amount ofchemicals, the total management of usage at the office, and the ordering of chemicals automaticallysubject to the usage of chemicals.
I will talk about its concept and the results in the main context.
Introduction of Cooperative Process Optimization between Paper Machines and Stock Preparation-A New Approach to Improving Control Performance and Automating Grade Change Operations-

Ken-ichiro Wada
IA-PS Analyzer Center P&W Solutions Dept., Yokogawa Electric Corporation
In existing paper mills, improvement activities of control efficiencies are continuing aiming at
improving operational efficiency. However, such efforts typically do not extend beyond optimizing
individual processes. This paper introduces our approach to improving the control efficiency of a plantcomposed of multiple processes by optimizing contiguous processes, and outlines our technologies foranalyzing huge amounts of data and computing optimal control parameters. The paper also introduces
a newly developed software product to reduce time required for grade changes.
Work style Reformation of Inspection Work
-About DX efforts by“inspection cloud service teraSpection”-

Iwao Kakegawa
Digital Solution Service Business Division, FUJITSU LIMITEDIn this paper, we will introduce the“Inspection Cloud Service teraSpection” (manufactured by Fujitsu)
that is effective as a digital transformation startup in the field of maintenance.

Importance of Rheology and Viscosity in Paper and Board Coating

Vesa Kukkamo, CEO and Jyrki Laari, CTO
ACA Systems Oy, Outilantie 3, 83750 Sotkuma, FinlandMarket demand for coated graphical paper has declined steady as a result of electronic media.
However, other coated grades such as coated board and barrier coated packaging papers and specialties
are forecasted with decent growth grades. Despite of the actual market situation the operational
environment and coating functionalities are under continuous investigation. Flow properties i.e.
rheology plays an important overall role in optimizing runnability and quality. This paper demonstrates
the importance of rheology and viscosity in paper and board coating. A focus is in high shear viscositythat has been demonstrated to be in a critical parameter in coater runnability. Its importance will be
discussed both from theoretical and practical standpoints. Furthermore, a new instrument formeasuring high shear viscosity fast and easy will be discussed.
Research and Development Trend of Nanocellulose

Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPI
2019 International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials was held at the Makuhari
Messe International Conference Complex in Chiba, Japan during June 3-6, 2019. Renewable
nanomaterials, primarily derived from plants such as trees, have generated much excitement because
they are renewable, recyclable, and appear to have limited safety, health and environmental issues. They
can be produced in large quantities at costs appealing to material users. They possess uniqueproperties that enhance the performance of consumer products and applications when used with othermaterials. The conference was attended by 400 participants from 26 countries. Invaluable 130 scientificpapers were given in oral presentation and active discussion was made. A full schedule of technicalsessions gave TAPPI Nano attendees from around the world the chance to focus their time on specificareas. Finland, which has a thriving forest-products industry and ambitious environmental performancegoals, is in the right climate for support of new markets for cellulose materials. This makes Helsinki theperfect location for TAPPI Nano 2020, which will be held on June 8-10, 2020.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 4

April 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 4

W el com ing New E m ployees
1Construction of D efect Reducti on Sy stem by I m prov i ng W et–end Chem ical
Retention ……H ir oy uk i Oishi, K oichi T adak i an d K azutak a K asug a

8

Qual ity I m prov em ent of Paper w i th D i rt i nspecti on Cam era System for Pulp……A i A m ihara12

N um eri cal Sim ulation for Pack ag ing Products……T ak ao K obayashi

17

Operati ng E x peri ence of Catal y zer ty pe D e–ink ing agent……H iroshi T suda

21“Serv ol ution” Servi ce A pproach as a Life Cycl e Partner “Process A udi t”……Y asu sh i T achik aw a27

A ppl ication of D i g ital T echnol og y to Pest M anag em ent……T om ohiro Ohba

31

Report on the Resul ts of the F iscal 2019 F ol l ow –up Survey on “JPA ’s Com m i tted
A ction Plan for a Low Carbon Soci ety ” and Related I nform ation on M easures
ag ai nst Gl obal W arm ing in the Japanese Paper I ndustry……Y asuhar u Sak ina

T op ics & I nf or m atio n

50

A Report of the 20th I SW F PC（ I nternati onal Sym posium on W ood, F i ber and
Pul pi ng Chem istry ）……T ak anor i M iyanishi

56

Revi ew i ng Prog resses i n T echnolog i es by their A nnual Grow th Rate Chang es
Par t 1： Stag nation of Pr og ress of T echnolog y in the I nd ustrialized Society ……K iy oak i I ida

64

A n E ssay on M ethodol og y for I nnov ati ng “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Par t 1： A n A n aly sis of the H istor ical D evelopm ent of the Japan TAPPI and Cur r ent Status……F um ihik o On ab e

I ntr od uctio n of R esear ch L abor a tor ies（ 133）68

M atsuba Laboratory , D epartm ent of Org anic M aterial s E ngi neering, Graduate
School of Org anic M ateri als E ngi neeri ng , Y am ag ata U ni v ersity

R esea r ch R epo r（t Or ig i nal Paper ）71

N eutral Sulf ite Sem i –Chem i cal Pul pi ng of M oso–Bam boo……V u T hang D o, K eish i T anifuji, Guang fan Jin and H iroshi Ohi

88

A ppl ication of SE M Observ ation on Coating Layer for Latex Bi nder
I m provem ent……N atsuk i Ok am oto

Pulp an d Paper M il ls i n Ja pan（ 83）98

T ry –F u Co., Ltd

03
67
70
104

Com m i ttee report
E ssay on I ntel lectual Property
Cof fee break
Papy rus

109
112
123
124
126

I ndustry N ew s（ D om estic and I nter national）
L ist of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of Dom estic L og s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s from the A ssociation

2020 April JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.4 Abstracts
Construction of Defect Reduction System by Improving Wet-end
Chemical Retention

Hiroyuki Oishi, Koichi Tadaki and Kazutaka Kasuga
Technical Div., Technical Dept., SOMAR Corporation
By applying the highly functional retention agent “REALIZER R, FX series” and the multi-functional
coagulant “REALIZER A series”, which introduced our new technology “Reactive Polymer Technology”,
various internal additions of the paper machine It has been found that the fixability of paper chemicals
can be improved, the amount of paper chemicals used can be reduced, and paper defects can be reduced.
We have been promoting the application of "Reactive Polymer Technology" to the paper field, but inrecent years, we have been promoting the technology cultivated in the paper field to the paperboard field.
This paper gives examples of paper and paperboard machines and introduces their effects and features.
As a design technique for improving the fixability of various internally added paper chemicals that are
being tackled in parallel, there is the introduction of special monomers to retention agents and coagulant
polymers. With the introduction of special monomers and reactive polymers, the functionalization ofretention agents and coagulants is accelerated, and it is approaching the point where it can beestablished as a fixing agent for internal additives.
In order to optimize the wet end and reduce paper defects, not only the review of various internal
additives and the optimization of the addition amount, but also the number of bacteria in the system isa very important factor. So far, we have conducted many DNA analysis of paper defects, and it is known
that many paper defects are related to microbiological factors. This paper also introduces examples of
paper defect reduction by applying our latest slime control agent "CURECIDE System".
Quality improvement of Paper with Dirt inspection camera system for Pulp

Ai Amihara
MATSUBO Corporationn
Pulp quality demands have been steadily increasing year by year with the increasing demands of pulp
end users, particularly producing household paper such as tissue, diapers, etc. Traditionally pulp dirt
count control has been done by manual off-line visual method. Pulp dirt count measurement system“PULP-Inspector” by Papertech is introduced in the article. The system is using high speed and highresolution digital camera and can detect the smallest 0.04mm2 various contaminations such as shieves,metal, oil and insects, etc. The system has been already ensuring pulp quality in many overseas mills.
Papertech inc. is based in Canada. They are increasing the sales of their products, Web inspection
system and Web monitoring system for household paper using special camera and have the advantagesof good operability and optimized software.

Numerical simulation for packaging products

Takao Kobayashi
Packaging Innovation Center, Oji Holdings Corporation
The purpose of research on paper physics is to model paper theoretically and experimentally so thatthe quality of the end product can be predicted by simulation. In this report, we introduce paper
mechanical models required for numerical simulation of packaging products and specific application
examples.
Since paper has properties such as an elastic body, an elastic-plastic body, and a viscoelastic body, amechanical model may be appropriately selected and handled approximately according to the target case.
In nonlinear finite element analysis, the actual phenomenon can be reproduced more than elastic
analysis by considering three nonlinearities, material nonlinearity, geometrical nonlinearity, andboundary nonlinearity.
The following four are shown as analysis cases. First, by considering the difference in hygroexpansion
coefficients between top and bottom sides of the sheet, it is possible to simulate curling and warping of
the laminated paper and the corrugated fiberboard. Next, in consideration of elastic-plasticity, thewrinkles in the paper web were reproduced on the roller and developed into folding wrinkles. In thecompression tests of corrugated board boxes, good agreement was found between experiment andanalysis, both in the box compressive strength due to the effect of hand holes and in the buckling mode.
Finally, dynamic analysis shows that the box falls free and collides with the floor surface and bounces
back.

Operating Experience of Catalyzer type De-inking agent

Hiroshi Tsuda
Iwanuma Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd.
Iwanuma Mill is a main newspaper production site in Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Majority of the raw material is DIP but increase of wastepaper which includes UV print often causes
quality issues in recent years. The problems are that UV ink fragment remains in pulp because
conventional De-inking agent can’t make finer its tough surface.
On the other hand, facility development to strengthen removal / dispersion ability and recyclable UV
ink development are proceeded, we don’t still come to prevent deterioration of the sudden DIP quality
with considering ROI balance.
Our new approach for UV print recycles is installing catalyzer type De-inking agent (NICCACHEMICAL., Ltd). This chemical works as catalysis and breaks down ester bond in an oligomer
ingredient of UV ink. With this reaction, UV ink which is difficult to deal by conventional De-inking
agent can be made finer. This catalyzer type agent also has an outstanding performance by ester
decomposing reaction against conventional oxidative polymerization type ink.
In comparison with conventional De-inking agent, this catalyzer type De-inking agent has an
excellence in detachability and fining ability, and it brings us great benefit by settling several problems- brightness drop in summer season, quality issues caused by UV ink and so on.

“Servolution” Service approach as a life cycle partner “Process Audit”
Yasushi Tachikawa
P&S Div. Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
Due to the structural change of paper and board market, production mill site is under pressure of
production man power reduction and efficiency improvement. In such a market environment, Voith IHI
is focusing on the Maintenance business (Products & Services business) and enforcing the products andservices to improve the energy saving, productivity, stability of production. In this paper below three
topics which described focused Service business were briefly introduced.
1) Service portfolio of Voith IHI Paper Technology
2) Benefit and results of “Process Audit”
3) Reference of improvement in “Process Audit” for off machine coater line
“Process Audit” is the structured service product which have Maintenance point of view to figure out
the required maintenance and Production point of view to improve the efficiency and stability of
production. This tool supports customer to easily decide their direction for the Production, Rebuild,
Maintenance. This paper introduces “Process Audit” with some of actual improvement in recent
reference audit for Off Machine Coater.

Application of digital technology to pest management

Tomohiro Ohba
Earth Environmental Service Co., Ltd
In the current pest management, we collect data on various factors that affect insect contamination,and consider effective countermeasures based on the analysis results. In order to formulate effective
countermeasures, it is desirable to use a lot of data and to analyze and evaluate it from various aspects.
For this purpose, the use of digital technology is effective.
We provide pest management support tools using digital technologies such as real-time monitoring
system EMS-Q, insect image analysis system ESCO-AID, and integrated information management
system ESCOEVO. Furthermore, we developed a system (RIG system) that can determine the type andnumber of insects captured by the trap with AI analysis and collect data in real time.
The application of these digital technologies improves the accuracy of data collection, analysis andevaluation, and enables cost reduction. Reduced costs can be turned into resources for improvement.
Report on the Results of the Fiscal 2019 Follow-up Survey on” JPA’s Commited Action Plan for a Low carbon
Society” and Related Information on Measures against Global Warming in the Japanese Paper Industry

Yasuharu Sakina
Japan Paper Association
The Japan Paper Association (JPA) established its “Voluntary Action Plan on Environment” in 1997,
in response to The Japan Business Federation‘s call to the Japanese business community to organize“The Voluntary Action Plan on Environment”. Since then, JPA has carried out a follow-up survey andpublished the results every year.
As the Voluntary Action Plan finished in fiscal 2012, JPA newly started “the Action Plans towards a
Low Carbon Society” and has been actively addressing global warming prevention in order to achieve
the following targets set in the plan:
Compared to BAU scenario(based on specific CO2 emission rate of 2005), reduce fossil energyderived CO2 emissions by 1.39 million tons by fiscal 2020 .
In view of securing forest resources and increasing forest carbon sink, expand forest plantation
areas owned or managed by the paper industry at home and abroad to 700 thousand hectares
by fiscal 2020.
According to the results of the fiscal 2019 follow-up survey (actual results for fiscal 2018), fossil-energy
derived CO2 emissions in fiscal 2018 was 17.39 million tons, a 2.5% reduction compared to the fiscal
2017(17.84 million tons). Compared to BAU scenario, fossil energy-derived CO2 emissions were reduced
by 3.44 million tons, achieving the target of 1.39 million tons reduction by fiscal 2020.
This is attributed to each manufacturer’s active efforts including energy saving and energy conversion
from fossil energy to non-fossil energy such as biomass energy.
In addition to the results of the follow-up survey, this report introduces the current energy situation in
the Japanese paper industry, outline of the next phase of JPA’s Action Plan for Low-Carbon Society
spanning the ten-year period from fiscal 2021 through 2030 and the latest information ofcountermeasures against global warming.
A Report of the 20th ISWFPC (International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry)

Takanori MiyanishiJAPAN TAPPIThe 20th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry (ISWFPC) was held at the
University of Tokyo during September 9th -11th in 2019. It was supported and co-organized by Japan
TAPPI and was also co-organized by the Japan Wood Research Society (JWRS) and the Lignin Society.
Although the emphasis is on basic research, extended delignification, oxygen delignification and
ECF/TCF bleaching have characterized the development of pulping technology over the past 30 years.
Application of biotechnology and fast-growing trees for pulping is closely related to the outcome of this
symposium. In recent years, ISWFPC has played an active role in R&D on the chemical use of woody
biomass, such as nanocellulose, polysaccharides and lignin.

Reviewing progresses in technologies by their annual growth rate changes
Part 1: Stagnation of progress of technology in the industrialized society

Kiyoaki Iida
When studying growth of a certain phenomenon in a long term, focusing on its yearly growth rate issometimes more informative than focusing on its yearly output. With this view point, the progress intechnology in industrialized society is reviewed.
The growth of Japan’s economy expressed by GDP experienced two turning points, one in 1975 and theother in 1990. After the latter, the annual growth rate of GDP was almost zero percent, and that of pulp
and paper sector was minus one percent. Why the economy stagnated is a subject of this series of paper
and I believe that the stalemate of progress of technology is one of the factors.
The paper machine was invented in early 1800’s, and, maintaining its basic design, have been
increasing its running speed and machine width. Reviewing them by their annual growth rates, therunning speed increased at almost the same yearly growth rate of 2.6 % until 1990 and thenstagnated. The machine width increased, in the same manner, at a yearly rate of 1.5 % until 1950 andthen slowed down to 0.4 %. Other technological progress like the volume of blast furnace in steel
industry also slowed down in late 1900’s. It is reasoned that scaling up production process, one of key
technologies since the industrial revolution, became stagnated as various goods mainly made of ironand steel have reached their physical limits. The solid state technology, invented in the 1950s, helped
them reach their physical limits, but could not enlarge their limits. It, instead, has worked out a newsociety called information society, which will be discussed in the next issue.
An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 1：An analysis of the historical development of the Japan TAPPI and current status

Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo (Paper Science)
At the beginning of the 2020s, the author was asked by the Editorial Board of the Japan TAPPI Journal
to deliver personal comments and methodology expecting innovative progress of the Journal. The firstarticle of this series is intended to analyze the historical development of the organization of Japan TAPPI
and current status.
The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. The characteristics of the Japan TAPPI stemmed from its developmental process.
3. The characteristics of JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL and their unique points.
4. The editorial areas covered by the JOURNAL.
5. The reason and way to maintain diversity of contents in the JOURNAL..
6. Specific double-sided nature of the Japan TAPPI: Industrial & Academic.
7. From author’s personal experiences
8. Epilogue.

Neutral Sulfite Semi-Chemical Pulping of Moso-Bamboo

Vu Thang Do, Keishi Tanifuji, Guangfan Jin and Hiroshi Ohi
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
This research investigates the potential of neutral sulfite semi-chemical (NSSC) pulping method usingmoso-bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens ) as raw material. NSSC treatment took place in laboratory
cooking system. Cooking liquor contained a mixture of sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) and sodium carbonate(Na2CO3) with a weight ratio of 2 to 1. Total chemical charge was 12% based on oven-dried weight ofbamboo chips. Liquor to solid ratio was 4 to 1. Two-stage refining was used to fabricate fibers from cooked
chips. The first stage was at 0.2 MPa and 120 C and, and the second stage was at normal pressure. A
control experiment was involved under the same conditions with no charge of chemicals. NSSC pulpingof bamboo resulted in providing a low brightness pulp but high pulp properties (tensile and tear indices)compared to the control pulp. NSSC method could help to reduce the contents of un-separated fiber
bundles and shives. NSSC method provided a high aspect ratio of fibers compared to the control. After
fibers development and fibrillation during refining, NSSC pulp contained a lot of ribbon-like fibrils whichthen contributed to a good fiber-to-fiber contact. In addition, the internal bonding between fiber-to-fiberof NSSC pulp may be increased reasonably by a significant amount of parenchyma cells appearing asfines (100 mesh pass) fraction, which were revealed by SEM images evaluation.

Application of SEM Observation on Coating Layer for Latex Binder Improvement

Natsuki Okamoto
Latex Group, Research & Development Center, NIPPON A&L INC.
Observation of a coating layers is one of the most effective ways to improve latex binder for paper coating.
For many years, we have studied coating layers and their latex binder with many analysis methods suchas electron probe micro analysis, quantitative analysis of starch and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) provides us with sharp images at highmagnification (Fig. 2). By using FE-SEM, we clarified a relationship between a coating layer and latex
binder properties. In this paper, we show following three results of our works: 1. an effect of different
drying conditions of coating layer on latex distribution in coating layers, 2. a relationship between latex
particle size and dry pick strength of coating layers, 3. observation of coating layer with the newgeneration High-Performance latex.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 5

May 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 5

H ousehol d Paper
1

A ndri tz Y ank ee D ryer I nspection……T oshio Ok u nish i

5

Stock Preparation E quipm ent for H ousehol d Paper―I m pr ov em ent of Pulp T r eatment, and Solution for Low er Gr ad e W aste Pap er ―……N obuh ik o Ok um u ra

10

―T hree Per iods w ith H ou sehold Pap er ―Leadi ng Chem ical A pproach to I m prov e Producti vi ty i n Paper M il ls tow ard the
N ew Rei w a E ra……Satoshi I shik aw a
17

Characteristi c and Latest T rend of F orm ing F abric for T i ssue M achi ne……K ei F ur utak a

22 『 V i scoN ip』： K A W A N OE /V A LM E T T he Latest Press T echnolog y for T issue
M achi ne―F or I ncreased Pr oduct F lex ibility and Ener g y Saving ―……M ichinori T am ai

27

F actors that A f fect Creping and Soluti ons A ppropriate to M achi ne
Characteristi cs……Jun g o N ishim u k i, H itosh i T su chid a and N aok a N ak ai

32

N ew PA E -based Crepi ng A dhesiv es……Y uk ie Suzuk i an d K oji Y oshitani

T op ics & I nf or m atio n

36

A ndri tz N ov i m pi anti Y ank ee H ood T echnol og y
―I m pr ov ing D ryin g E ner g y Ef ficiency―……H ir ok i M atsu bar a40

A N D RI T Z A –Recov ery + Chem i cal Recov ery Concept……K azu nori Ohm ori an d M asato T such itan a4449

M i ll A udit for K raft Pulp M il ls and I ts Benef it……M asaharu M en jo
Revi ew i ng Prog resses i n T echnolog i es by their A nnual Grow th Rate Chang es
Par t 2： T h e Gr ow th of I nfor m ation V olu m e Since the M ediev al A g es……K iyoak i I ida

58

A n E ssay on M ethodol og y for I nnov ati ng “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”

Par t 2： Ex p ectations for Ex er ting Jour nalism F u nctions to “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”……F um ihik o On ab e

61

Research Projects of U ni versi ti es and Gov ernm ent Research I nstitutes……W ood Science Com m ittee, JA PA N T A PPI68

Cor por ate Pr of il e & Pr oduct I n for m ation ㊷

A OK I M achi nery Co., Ltd.
R esea r ch R epo r（t Or ig i nal Paper ）72

W et E x trusi on of W ood Pow der U si ng a Cell ulose D eriv ati v e
Pr oduction of Pipe–shaped M aterial “Wood straw”……T ak uma M atsuok a and H ir oshi N onak a

89

Predi cting the Behav i or of Paper and Board Surfaces in Glui ng, Pri nting andCoating Processes……D an iel Oh ndorf and H iroyu k i M iyaok a

03
71
99

Com m i ttee report
Cof fee break
Papy rus

107
111
114
125
126
128

I ndustry N ew s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
L ist of T itles in F or eign Jour nals Received by JA PA N T A PPI
L ist of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 May JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.5 Abstracts

Andritz Yankee Dryer Inspection

Toshio Okunishi
Andritz K.K. Capital Systems Sales" Yankee is a heart of the Tissue machine." This is a word which shows importance of the Yankee inmaking the tissue. Yankee decides the production capacity and the sheet quality of moisture profile andcrepe. The Yankee is also a 2nd class pressure vessel in Japan law. The performance related to thesevery important roles of the Yankee greatly depends on the maintenance work for the Yankee. This
paper describes some of Andritz Yankee life cycle management service, that is, first we describe theYankee inspection based on TAPPI. The routine periodic inspections can record the actual Yankee
situation and make a database for the scheduled maintenance work. Next we describe the OTR(OnThe Run) measurement for the Yankee. It measures the Yankee surface profile and temperature profile
at Yankee running status. It can provide important information about crowing, next grinding timing,
status of condensate discharge and others. Andritz Yankee life cycle management service describedhere will provide the information for the proper maintenance work of the Yankee.
Stock Preparation Equipment for Household Paper-Improvement of Pulp Treatment, and Solution for Lower Grade Waste Paper-

Nobuhiko Okumura
Aikawa Iron Works Co., Ltd.
The household paper industry that is closely related to our daily life expects to keep growing, boosted
by the influence of the inbound demands. On the other hand, concerning fine paper waste which is used
as a raw material for recycled products, well sorted waste paper has been more and more difficult to get,and this tendency expects to be continued. Therefore, it seems necessary to be prepared to use the low
grade waste paper, such as mixed office waste (MOW) or confidential waste paper and so on. In thisreport, the following stock preparation equipment which are for efficiency improving, labor saving andquality demands is introdeced for house hold paper mill.
1) Pulper feeding equipment
2) High consistency disperser3) Floatator and washer comparison
4) POM system, approach process improvement－Three Periods with Household Paper－
Leading Chemical Approach to Improve Productivity in Paper Mills toward the New Reiwa Era
Satoshi Ishikawa
Nissin Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd.
In recent years, pitch troubles by sticky materials have been increasing, because decreased in
the amount of high quality waste paper due to restrictions on imports of mixed waste paper in
China, and increasing in the utilization rate of afforestation trees such as acacia. Pitch trouble isone of the difficult subjects for paper engineers who explore the stable operations and the quality
improvements.
The pitch contained in the raw material is removed to some extent in the pulping process, but residual
pitch is brought into the paper making process. The pitch deposits and adheres to each process, andcauses deterioration of quality and operability such as web breaks and defects.
Our company regards pitch control in the pulping process as the most important solution for pitch
trouble. In addition, limited and effective pitch control in the papermaking process is thought to lead to
improved quality and productivity.
This report described our company's efforts to improve productivity in household paper mills,
especially pitch trouble.

Characteristic and latest trend of forming fabric for tissue machine

Kei Furutaka
Technical Dept. PMC・EF In-House Company Nippon Filcon Co.,Ltd
Forming Fabrics are a necessary and integral component for modern papermaking machines,
which serve three main functions: 1) Draining pulp slurry 2) Forming the sheet 3) Transporting the
sheet to the press section.
Adequate sheet formation is one of the greatest concerns of paper makers, because it directly impacts
the sheet qualities as a finished product. There are also various requirements to draining and conveying
capabilities as the basis weight ranges vary greatly. Recently, high quality and high productivity haveboth become top requirements of papermakers. Paper machines have evolved, increasing in size andspeed. To meet the current demands of papermakers and the latest machines, it’s critical that forming
fabrics evolve as well.The production and quality demands for tissue continue to grow even thoughdemand for a variety of other paper grades have diminished in recent years.In Japan, the demand fortissue and bath in the restaurant and hotel industries have increased due to the steady rise of foreign
tourism. Overseas, the demand for tissue and bath have grown due to the increase of population andimprovement of their sanitary surroundings. The demand for tissue and bath will continue to growglobally.They have variety of tissue and toilet machines. We have developed our forming fabric design
based on their requirements from each machines. Modern tissue machines require a high fiber support
capability, drainage capability, clean-ability and stable run ability from their forming fabrics. Therefore,
it is important to choose a suitable forming fabric design for each machine.Machines for home paper
have been increasing is size and speed.Further improvement of drainage capabilities and stable running(shrink in width and elongation) are required. We have developed a new wire which meet today’s highstandards for high drainage ability, improved paper quality (lateral strength improvement) and energy
saving effect as a wire that meets many requirements.Those effects have been confirmed in practice.We
will introduce the features and latest trends of forming fabrics for home paper.

『ViscoNip』:KAWANOE / VALMET the latest press technology for tissue machine-For increased product flexibility and energy savingMichinori Tamai
Design Dept,KAWANOE ZOKI Co.,Ltd.
KAWANOE / VALMET have been providing Crescent Former DCT series since 1996, after
concluding the technical collaboration. The recent trend among tissue makers is the efficientequipment which produces high-value added products in addition to energy saving. 『ViscoNip』
is the latest press technology KAWANOE / VALMET offer and the major feature of ViscoNip is theunique ability to adapt to the Yankee dryer shell using element made of polyurethane. ViscoNip
users will be benefitted a number of advantages such as one can easily change the operating
conditions while running machine, increased product flexibility and quality, the most efficient
operation, long life time for belt and other equipment.
The number of ViscoNip installation counts 50 all over the world since its launch and the first
ViscoNip has been successfully installed and running in Japan earning good reputation. We would
like to introduce the latest press technology which provides the benefit of high-value added products
as well as energy saving.
Factors that Affect Creping and Solutions Appropriate to Machine Characteristics

Jungo Nishimuki, Hitoshi Tsuchida, and Naoka Nakai
Technical Service Engineer, Technical Sales Dept., Chemical Solution Company Hakuto Co., Ltd.
The sanitary paper industry continues to grow steadily and gain attention in the paper industry.
Creping is a very important factor in the stable operation and quality improvement of sanitary paper,but it is difficult to manage because it is affected by various factors. Therefore, Hakuto devised a methodthat numerically and visually grasps the performance of the coating film that most affects creping. These
techniques are expected to simplify the quality control of the coating film and make it easier tounderstand what happens on the machine.
In addition, we have developed creping control agents "HAKULEAD 800 series" that are resistant tofluctuation factors using these technologies. This product contributed to operational stability and creping
quality improvement at the machines with variable moisture content.

New Creping Adhesive of PAE

Yukie Suzuki and Koji Yoshitani
Chemical Business Division, SEIKO PMC CORPORATIONIn the household paper industry, in order to enhance competitiveness in Japan and overseas, thecompany is promoting cost reduction by speeding up and reducing the basis weight of paper machines,
and improving the quality of paper by using softeners. Crepe adhesives are essential chemicals for
operational stabilization and good crepe quality.
The crepe adhesive has been improved so that it can cope with a wide range of conditions of the paper
machine and changes in the paper making environment. This paper introduces a new crepe adhesive
CA6034 made of polyamide epichlorohydrin resin (PAE) together with the technological trend so
far.CA6034 focuses on the aggregation energies of various functional groups in PAE, and achieves highperformance by increasing the ratio of amino sites to amide sites in PAE.
Andritz Novimpianti Yankee hood technology-Improving drying energy efficiency-

Hiroki Matsubara
Industrial Department No.3 , Itochu Machine-Technos Corporation
Andritz Novimpianti S.R.L. based in Lucca / Italy, who is a manufacturer of yankee hood system.
This company is established in 1983, and answer to the increasing needs of local paper industry.
Their yankee hood system has special construction, and their steam generator and yankee dryer
insulation also help to save the energy for yankee drying part. Andritz Novimpianti can propose
energy saving by replacement from existing system to their system.
ITOCHU-MACHINE-TECHNOS CORP introduces about outline of Andritz Novimpianti andtheir yankee hood system.
ANDRITZ A-Recovery+ Chemical Recovery Concept

Kazunori Ohmori, Masato Tsuchitana
Andritz K.K. Capital Systems Sales
Over the years, chemical recovery technology suppliers have worked with pulp mills to “close” thechemical recovery loops in order to reduce emissions and effluent – and also to increase recovery
efficiency. These loop closures have sometimes led to a build-up of certain chemicals and the creation ofside streams that are either ignored or disposed of.
A major target of ANDRITZ’s recent development work has been to innovate solutions for utilizing
the side streams of a Kraft pulp mill to unleash the hidden potential for generating profit, as what
was once considered “waste” can be converted to valuable raw materials for commercial-grade bioproducts. The objective continues to be operating chemical recovery systems as efficiently andenvironmentally sound as possible while minimizing capital investment and maximizing profits.
Mill audit for Kraft pulp mills and its benefit

Masaharu Menjo
Valmet K. K.
In this paper, a mill audit (i.e. technical diagnosis to equipment by original suppliers) for Kraft pulp
mills is briefly described. In Japan, many of KP plants were installed in 1970’s and 1980’. Nowadays theeffective maintenance such as preventative maintenance is not actively being conducted in some mills
due to limited workforce and limited budget for maintenance work. To prevent unexpected accidents forequipment as well as production loss, mill audits by original suppliers should be very beneficial. Valmet
has a wide range of references about KP plants, therefore, the technical knowledge about equipment canbe utilized for better maintenance. There are 2 types of mill audits, meaning mill audits during operationand during shut-down.
During operation, some operational data and figures are collected from control rooms. In addition,
operational condition of equipment is also checked. During shut-down, Valmet’s engineers go insideequipment like digesters and diffuser washers and check whether or not there are something
strange inside the equipment. After the mill audits, technical reports are submitted with check-lists
where maintenance points are categorized by order of priorities. Because equipment andoperational conditions are different in each KP mills, the contents in the mill audits are not always
the same. As target equipment for mill audits, digesters and diffuser washers are focused in thispaper and the general information will be introduced as an example of a mill audit. Mill audits by
Valmet are not free of charge, but the benefit from mill audits should be valuable to keep the
production run smoothly.
Reviewing progresses in technologies by their annual growth rate changes
Part 2: The growth of information volume since the Medieval Ages

Kiyoaki Iida
Books were only one information carrier until 1800. One researcher in Germany reported that the
total number of copies of books published in each century from the 6th to 18th increased at almost a
constant rate of 1% per year, Information volume would be correlated to paper consumption which was
historically correlated to GDP. The yearly growth rate of GDP of Europe from1500 to 1800 was estimatedto be about 0.62%, to which the estimated growth rate of printed copies did not seem to be contradictory..
After 1800, the annual paper production was estimated to increase at the rate of 3-4 % per year,
according to data in UK and USA, and by FAO, by which rate the information based on paper would
increase.
After 2000, the volume of digital information increased at the annual rate of 20-30% per year.
The information based on paper, of which production was stagnating, was drastically losing its
share that was about 10% at the turn of the century.
An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 2：Expectations for exerting journalism functions to “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”

Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo (Paper Science)“JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL” is edited and published inevitably under the constrained environmentsof the organization of the Japan TAPPI. However, for aiming at attractive and innovated Journal
with higher levels of novelty, openness, and dynamism, the Journal has to accept frank exchanges ofviewpoints from readers as well as from outside Journal.
The second article of this series is intended to analyze a variety of problems associated with current
issues of the Journal in terms of “Journalism functions”.
The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. The birth of journals and journalism in view of the history of paper and printing
3. The significance of journalism in the contemporary society
4. The journalism functions of “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”: Do they exist ?
5. The open space of freedom of opinions of “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”: Does it exist ?
6. Epilogue.
Wet extrusion of wood powder using a cellulose derivative
Production of pipe-shaped material “Wood straw”

Takuma MATSUOKA and Hiroshi NONAKA
Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan
Petroleum-based plastics are low in cost, light in weight, excellent in moldability, and used in large
quantities, while environmental pollution by microplastics is considered serious. In this study, we aimed
to replace them with natural materials and developed wet extrusion of wood powder using a cellulose
derivative: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The influence of the water content, HPMC ratio andwood powder particle size on the extrusion fluidity at 30°C was evaluated using a capillary rheometer.
The ratio of wood powder and HPMC was changed from 8:2 to 5:5, and water was added at 70 to 233%
relative to the solid weight and kneaded. The material was non-Newtonian fluid exhibiting pseudoplastic
flow with a yield value. Water, HPMC and smaller wood particle tended to improve the fluidity, and thewater content particularly had a large effect. The kneaded materials were successfully extruded into
pipe-shape with outer diameter of 6 mm, air-dried and named “Wood straw”. The larger ratio of HPMC
gave smaller diameter and higher density of the material, resulting in higher strength. It is possible thatthe mixture of wood powder, HPMC and water with good extrudablity could be applied to other molding
methods to produce all-wood-derived material with various shapes.

Predicting the behavior of paper and board surfaces in gluing, printing andcoating processes

Daniel Ohndorf
emtec electronic GmbH sales department
Hiroyuki Miyaoka
Sanyo Trading Co.,Ltd.
Almost all paper is produced for further converting, it means it may undergo gluing, coating
and/or printing. Therefore, normally certain specifications are agreed between the supplier andconverter based on standard testing methods like Cobb, Gurley, Bendtsen, HST or Smoothness
Beck etcetera and these specifications are binding.The problem is that sometimes there are still
problems in the converting although all the specifications are met. In this case, nobody knows
why these problems have occurred.
we have to take a look at the rough principles of the three typical converting processes like gluing,
printing and coating.
It is important to understand that nowadays all these processes are very fast and things happen
within milliseconds or just a few seconds. Because these processes are so fast, the surface of the paperor board that is converted plays a very important role.
If we look more detailed at the gluing process, we can basically split it into 3 phases.
In the First PHASE, a liquid film is applied on the paper or board surface by a pressure impulse withinvery short time. Here we talk about microseconds or milliseconds.
The result depends on the rheology of the liquid, the strengths of the pressure impulse (which
depends on the machine speed and settings) and the surface porosity of the substrate. Here, mostimportant for the anchoring of the glue is the surface pore structure which is the relevant parameter tocharacterize.
In PHASE 2, the water from the glue that has been applied will be absorbed. This is mainly
controlled by the surface sizing / hydrophobicity of the substrate. Here the surface sizing or surfacehydrophobicity is very important for the dewatering of the glue and to increase its viscosity to reach an
optimal bonding.
So, the surface hydrophobicity is the relevant parameter to characterize in this phase.
PHASE 3 is the drying and hardening of the glue film which takes place after several minutes and hours.
we should briefly discuss why standard testing methods often provide not enough or partly wrong
information when it comes to characterization of the surface of a sample.
For example, we compare a paper sample with a different pore structure on the top side and wireside.
If we would test this sample with a Bendtsen porosimeter, where the air flow through the sample ismeasured, the results would be same for both sides because the air flow is controlled by the smallest
pore diameter in the sample independent from its location. This means Bendtsen will give no
information about the surface pore structure and not enough respectively wrong information forprediction of converting problems. In that case, PDA / EST is useful instrument made by emtec. These
devices evaluate penetration from very short time, several mS with one side. This technique is dynamic
measurement and suitable for converting process.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 6

June 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 6

E ner gy Savi ng Ⅰ/B iom ass
1
4

Report of the 24th Sav i ng E nerg y Sem inar……E ner g y Com m ittee, JA PA N T A PPI
N ew T echnolog i es to Reduce Carbon D i ox ide E m i ssi ons E nergy Sav in g ,Renew able E nerg y , and the Chal leng e to A rtif ici al Photosynthesi s……T aisei Nishim i

11
17
22

I H I ’s A cti on T ow ards D ecarboni zati on of E nerg y Sector……T oshiy uk i Suda
Sav ing E nerg y by I m provi ng Steam T urbine E f fici ency……Shig eyuk i I d oReducti on of Steam Consum ption by Chem i cal in # 5M /C D ry er Section25

H eat Loss Reduction by the A erog el “Ov er W rapping M ethod”……H ideto M iyata―Gr and Pr ize for E x cellence in En er g y Ef ficiency and Conser vation（ Pr odu ct Categ ory &Busin ess M odel Categ or y） M inister ’s Pr ize, T r ad e and I ndustr y―……K azu ya K ur osak a and H ir oyu k i I k ed a

30

Operati ng E x peri ence of RPF M anufacturi ng F aci li ties for W astepaper T ai l

37

A ctiv i ties of E nerg y–Conservation at M i shim a F actory……Osam u K ozu k a―Ener g y Conserv ation by I ntr od ucing th e Gas E ng ine Cog en er ation System ―……N aok i Om ori

42

Low Carbon T ype Business Usi ng Paper Pow der to E nter Plasti c M arket……T ak am ichi M atsushita

50
53

M echani cal Properti es and Possi bil iti es of U ni que Hard Boards……T oshihir o F uj ita
Operati on E x peri ence of I shinom ak i H ibari no Pow er Plant（ 149 M W Biom ass
Co–F i ri ng ） ……Hir oshi Osug i

T op ics & I nf or m ati on

58

Revi ew i ng Prog resses i n T echnolog i es by their A nnual Grow th Rate Chang es
Par t 3： T h e Beg in ning of I n for m ation Society……K iyoak i I id a

65

A n E ssay on M ethodol og y for I nnov ati ng “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”

68

Par t 3： Or g anization al D ynam ics and Pow er Str uctu res……F um ih ik o Onabe
Cor por ate Pr of il e & Pr oduct I n for m ation ㊸

D K S Co. Ltd.
I ntr od uctio n o f R esear ch L abor a tor ies（ 134）

74

Org anic M ateri al Chem i stry Laboratory（ Saim oto & I fuk u l ab.）， D i v isi onof Chem istry and Bi otechnolog y , Graduate School of E ng ineeri ng , T ottori
U niv ersi ty

R esea r ch R epo r（t Or ig i nal Paper ）76

D ev el opm ent of the Com posi tes U si ng Cell ul ose N anof ib er and F unctional
M aterial ……T ak ashi Ok uda and Y asushi Ozak i

03
73
89

Com m i ttee report
E ssay on I ntel lectual Property
Papy rus

94
98
106
107
109

I ndustry N ew s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 June JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.6 Abstracts

New Technologies to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions Energy Saving, Renewable Energy, and the Challenge
to Artificial Photosynthesis

Taisei Nishimi
Japan Technological Research Association of Artificial Photosynthetic Chemical Process (ARPChem)
There has been increased attention on Carbon Recycling, which involving capture, storage andutilization of CO2. For the purpose of commodity chemicals production from CO2, Artificial Photo
Synthetic Chemical Process (ARPChem) are proposed. According to this concept, the ten-year
program has been in progress since 2012 under the support of NEDO. The project is composed ofthree scientific subjects (Photocatalyst, Separation Membrane, and Synthetic Catalyst). In
addition to ARPChem technologies, Direct Air Capture (DAC) of CO2 using ultra-thin membraneis also important for Carbon Recycling.

IHI’s action towards decarbonization of energy sector

Toshiyuki Suda
Resources, Energy & Environment Business Area, IHI Corporation
In order to prevent global warming and to contribute to the sustainable world, reduction of CO2
from energy sector is our essential duty. However, there is no ultimate solution for reducing CO2,
and the situation of CO2 emission differs by the users. Therefore, IHI is preparing multiple
solutions to reduce CO2 emission to provide the best solutions for our customers. In this paper,
three major solutions are introduced : (1) Ammonia utilization technology , (2) Carbon recycling
technology and (3) Optimized utilization of renewables. Ammonia utilization technology is touse ammonia directly as a fuel in power plant (coal fired boiler, gas turbine and SOFC). Carbon
recycling technology is to capture CO2 from the source, and to convert it to valuables like methaneor lower olefins with the reaction with hydrogen. Optimized utilization of renewables is to use theelectricity from PV not only as an electricity, but also convert to heat, fuel and feedstock in order
to use all of the surplus energy in local grid. All of these technologies are under development, but
the basis are already developed and could be commercialized in the near future.

Saving energy by improving steam turbine efficiency

Shigeyuki Ido
Kani Mill，Daio paper.co.ltd
In order to save energy by reducing purchased power, we introduced high-efficiency technology inconjunction with the renewal of turbine blades and steam nozzles.
The high-efficiency technology was introduced into the No. 3 turbine, whose performance has declined
after 30 years of operation.
The power generation performance improvement of 1,573 kW (about 6% of the rated power
generation) was obtained by recovering the performance deterioration due to aging wear and theintroduction of the turbine blades by three-dimensional fluid design and Aft Loading Minimun Diffusion
nozzles.
Reduction of steam consumption by chemical in #5M/C dryer section

Hideto Miyata
Sobue Mill, Oji Materia Co.Ltd.
In Sobue mill, Oji Materia, there are three paper machines, #5, #6 and #7M/C. #5 and #6M/C produce
white paperboard, and #7M/C produce liner board.
Although We have attempted energy saving in the papermaking process continuously, steam
consumption of #5M/C dryer section was higher compared with one of #6M/C which produce white
paperboard as well as #5M/C. Therefore improvement of it was our task.
The chemical company offered us that we could reduce steam consumption in #5M/C dryer section byadding chemical into dryer steam line. We had test to confirm it, and as a result we achieved 4.7 %reduction of steam consumption rate.
In this paper, we will explain our experience about reduction of steam consumption by chemical in
dryer section.

Heat Loss Reduction by the Aerogel “Over Wrapping Method ”-Grand Prize for Excellence in Energy Efficiency and Conservation (Product Category &Business Model Category) Minister’s Prize, Trade and Industry -Kazuya Kurosaka and Hiroyuki Ikeda
NICHIAS Corporation
Rain water taken into insulation results in a risk of“Energy Loss”. The thermal structure「OverWrapping Method」by the aerogel insulation is effective against this problem. Here we introduce its
system and effect through the verification experiment.
Operating experience of RPF manufacturing facilities for wastepaper tailOsamu Kozuka
Otake Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd
The utilization of wastepaper as papermaking materials is a recycling and a contribution to
reducing waste products. On the other hands, the wastepaper lees, materials which is not used
for papermaking, is removed from re-materializing process of wastepaper, and either disposed as
an industrial waste or incinerated.
Even at Otake Plant of Nippon Paper Industries, all the wastepaper lees removed from rematerializing process of wastepaper operated by nine (9) cardboard-making machines have been
disposed through industrial wastes disposal company.
In the meantime, biomass boilers are operated as energy plants using coal and RPF as main
fuel sources. Wastepaper lees and RPF are both composed of plastics and fibers (paper and pulp),
and their ingredients are the same. Therefore, the solid fuel conversion of wastepaper lees forthermal recycling was attempted. However, the result was not as expected due to a lack of plastic
ingredients and an excess percentage of moisture. The production of solid fuel from wastepaper
lees was finally succeeded by the enhanced dehydration function and the adaption of molding
machine suitable for the characteristic of materials.
During the consecutive operation of solid fuel conversion process using wastepaper lees, wehave experienced several troubles, such as contamination of foreign substances like metal piece,
drainpipe clogging by leaked materials, conveyer clogging by wastepaper lees etc. Introduction ofsorting machine and modification of existing equipment etc. has eliminated such troubles andcontributed to achieve the stable converting operation.
From April, 2019, Otake Plant has started the solid fuel conversion of plastic waste, which werecollected from citizen, by mixing with wastepaper lees by the agreement with Otake City.
As a result of accepting civil plastic waste, production volume at solid fuel conversion process isdrastically increased than original plan. And the thermal recycling with solid fuel as a
substitution of coal, made from civil plastic waste and wastepaper lees, are achieved at the newly
introduced energy boiler.
Activities of energy-conservation at Mishima Factory-Energy conservation by introducing the gas engine cogeneration system-

Naoki Omori
Mishima Plant, LINTEC Corporation
A new International Framework, Paris Agreement, came into effect in November 2016 as a global
initiative on climate change causing serious problems such as global temperature increases, sea-level
rises, and ocean acidification. Under the objective of "reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 26%
by FY2030 compared to the FY2013 level", the Japanese government strongly urges companies to makeefforts to reduce GHG emissions.
It is mandatory for companies to address energy conservation activities because reducing the energy
consumption intensity by more than 1% per year is an objective in the Act on the Rational Use of Energy.
This paper introduces a case in which energy (waste heat) was effectively utilized and contributed tothe reduction of the energy consumption intensity by selecting and installing auxiliary equipment whichsuits the energy consumption method of the plant when installing cogeneration.
Low carbon type business using paper powder to enter plastic market

Takamichi Matsushita
Eco Research Institute Ltd.
The problem of plastic waste, which is being taken up every day, is causing global environmental
pollution, and it cannot be avoided in developed countries as well as in developing countries.
In Japan, nearly 9 million tons of waste plastics are discharged every year, and plastic material
recycling is only 2,060,000 tons (23%), indicating the difficulty of plastic recycling.
The first step is to reduce the amount used, but it is not possible to eliminate all the plastic products thatare indispensable for our daily lives. In Europe, the United States, and China, bans on use andproduction are banned at a tremendous speed, but Japan is still at the level of self-regulation and lagging
behind.
Among them, the ones that must be solved immediately are disposable food containers, such as trays,
drink lids, and straws. Our company products MAPKA which is a molding material with a fine paper
powder weight ratio of 51% or more, as a point of appeal that the amount of plastic used will be 50% or
less. Since it was put on the market and the seat grade was developed in 2017, it decided to enter the
disposable food container market.
Mechanical properties and possibilities of unique hard boards

Toshihiro Fujita
Central Research Laboratory, Hokuetsu Corporation
An unique hard board named PASCO has been manufactured by a wet forming method from plantfibers since 1971 in Nagaoka mill, Hokuetsu corporation.–Raw materials of PASCO are fresh pulp, waste
paper and recycled materials and interestingly adhesive binders are not used in the board. Therefore,
PASCO is an eco-friendly product and has been applied for various fields for many years.
In this presentation, we compared PASCO with other hard boards and resin boards, measuring
bending strength and Izod impact strength as mechanical properties.
When suitable raw materials were selected to PASCO production, it showed better mechanicalproperties compared to conventional tip boards or particle boards and had superior impact strength thanthose of resin boards, even though the board had no adhesive binders.
Considering the microplastic and plastic pollution in the world, we will promote to use paper-based
products such as PASCO in order to reduce the environmenntal impact.
Operation Experience of Ishinomaki Hibarino Power Plant(149MW Biomass Co-Firing)

Hiroshi Osugi
Nippon Paper Industries Co.Ltd.
Nippon Paper is expanding the energy business with using our know-how of power generation at paper
mills. Especially we are actively working on wood biomass energy with the aim of reducing greenhousegases.
The Ishinomaki Hibarino power plant, which started operation in March 2018, adjacent to our
Ishinomaki Paper Mill is a biomass co-firing power plant that uses wood biomass (pellets and chips) andcoal as its main fuel, and its co-firing ratio boasts up to 30％, the highest in Japan for pulverized coalboiler types.
Biomass co-fired power generation contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gases compared to coalonly combustion, but it is necessary to consider combustion management in the boiler and transport /storage of fuel. Also it is required establishment of co-firing technology and improvement of co-firing ratio.
In this presentation, I will report the outline of Ishinomaki Hibarino power plant, the operation
experience about biomass co-firing, and the efforts to improve the biomass co-firing ratio.

Reviewing progresses in technologies by their annual growth rate changes
Part 3: The Beginning of Information Society

Kiyoaki Iida
The industrialized society which stated from 1800 stagnated in scaling up equipment and plants andshifted itself to the information society in around 2000, in which the social paradigm was quite different
from the former. Its future is understood in the context of optimism as well as pessimism.
Taking the annual growth rate of per capita GDP as a parameter, developed countries that are now
in the information society are suffering from smaller growth rates of less than 1%, compared to that of
2-3% while they were in the industrialized society. On the other hand, the amount of energy consumed
to produce unit GDP is decreasing at the annual rate of several percent every year. The informationsociety may not increase GDP as in the industrialized society, but improve efficiency of energy
consumption in society by using information technology.
An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 3：Organizational Dynamics and Power Structures

Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo (Paper Science)
The organization of Japan Tappi has dual nature: i.e.,industrial and academic. Therefore, the Japan
Tappi has complicated hierarchy and power structure inside the organization. Also,the organization isunder the influences of the state powers. The editing of JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL is conducted within
the control of its mother body,i.e.,the Japan Tappi.
The third article of this series is intended to analyze the possibilities of innovation of the Journal
using the modern organization theories in business administration in terms of “Dynamics ofOrganization and Power Structure”.

The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. Organizations in business administration
3. Micro- & macro- organization theories and modern organization theories
4. Max Weber’s views on the generation of power structure in organizations
5. Hierarchy, power, control and acceptance inside and outside organizations
6. Academic societies as organizations
7. Business interest associations as organizations
8. An case example of “Dynamics of organizations and Power sturucture”: The problem of camouflageof waste paper blending ratio in postcards occurred in 2008
9. Epilogue

Development of Composites Using Cellulose Nanofiber and Functional Materials

Takashi Okuda and Yasushi Ozaki
Research Institute, National Printing Bureau, Japan
Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) are expected to be a valuable new material made by finely pulverizing
wood pulp. In addition, various functional materials can be added to paper in order to enhance anticounterfeiting technology. Among others, these functional materials include magnetic, fluorescent, andpressure-sensitive materials.
In order to develop new functional papers, CNF and functional materials were mixed and treated in aspray dryer. As a result, it was possible to produce cellulose composites into which functional materials
and CNF had been integrated.
A water solution of the functional materials mixed with CNF was sprayed from a nozzle into a heatedchamber of the spray dryer, which allowed the CNF composites to form. During the evaporation process
in this chamber, the CNF composites were formed into spherical shapes by the surface tension of thewater. Moreover, no binder for fixing between the CNF and functional materials was necessary due tothe strong hydrogen bonds of CNF. In addition, the newly formed cellulose composites were completely
resistant to dissolving back into the water.
CNF composites with functional materials could be observed with SEM (scanning electron microscope)and CLSM (confocal laser scanning microscope). As a result, it was confirmed that the functional
materials were introduced into the CNF’s.
The formed cellulose composites easily dispersed in water due to the hydroxyl groups of CNF. Using
this special property, the water solution of CNF composites and functional materials was distributed

onto a web of wet paper using a spray gun on the experiment paper machine. CNF composites withfunctional materials were fixed on paper with no binder agent. A friction test showed that the CNF
composites would not separate from the paper.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 7

July 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 7

E ner gy Savi ng Ⅱ
1A bout E nerg y -sav ing E f forts at the T ak aok a M il l……K im ihik o W ata

6

H i gh-ef fici ent F l at Bel t D riv e―I ntroduction of H F D System （ H yp er F lat D r ive System ）―……T ak em asa Y oshim i

11

T he T ri al of N ov el W ood Biom ass F uel Co-f ir ing i n K ushiro N 1……H ir oyu k i Og aw a

15

I ntroducti on of Subordi nate Pow er Generation―Saving Ener g y by I nstalling Sm all H yd roelectric Gener ators―……T ak eshi Oe

T op ics & I nf or m ati on

20 Operational E x peri ences of M V R E v aporator in Gotsu M i ll……T ak uji Ok am oto
24 N ew T y pe T urbo Bl ow er Sav es E nergy ＆ Stabl e Operati on W ith I oT
―A ir F oil Bearing V ar iable Speed Sing le Stag e T ur bo Blow er T ur boM A X ―……T suyosh i M asuda

28 Operating E xperi ence of V ol um e Reduction Solidi f icati on E qui pm ent……M ak oto H ayak aw a

32 U ncom prom i sing D esi g n of T he H eat E x chang er W hi ch Contri butes to E x haust
H eat Coll ection of F ossil F uel Ori g in
―E ner g y Recover y I nnovation by A ir F r ohlich E ng ineer ing ―……T etsushi K adow ak i

37 T he K eenest Stock Preparation T echnolog i es for Board Paper―Counter m easu res for W or se W aste Paper Quality―……Jir o U r ata
45 D evel opm ent of Quali ty - and Safety-consi derate Paper Straw s……Junji Y am am oto
49 A n E ssay on M ethodol og y for I nnov ating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Par t 4： I n Search for a N ew JOU RN A L T hat F uses N atur al Scien ces w ith H um an & Social
Sciences……F um ihik o On abe
T echni cal R epor （t Or ig ina l Pap er ）53

A nal y sis of T race E l em ents by I CP-OE S and X RF i n Pulp and Paper I ndustry………T oshitatsu T ak ei, F um ihik o Shim izu, K eishi M orishita and M itsutak a K ondo

Pulp an d Paper M il ls i n Ja pan（ 84）66

I w anum a M il l, N ippon Paper I ndustri es Co., Ltd.

03
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Com m i ttee report
Cof fee break
Papy rus

79
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93
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I ndustry N ew s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Pr ice list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 July JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.7 Abstracts

About energy-saving efforts at the Takaoka MillKimihiko Wata
Takaoka Mill, Chuetsu Pulp ＆ Paper Co., ltd.
It is natural for companies to comply with each emission standards, in addition we set and operateaccording to the internal standards that are stricter than the legal levels. However, it is undeniable
that there are facilities that use excessive energy to comply with the high reference standards.
Although compliance with the legal standards is the top priority, we introduce the case of a bio film
treatment device that was able to achieve a large effect by taking measures from a new point of view onenergy conservation system in wastewater treatment facilities.
High-efficient Flat Belt Drive-Introduction of HFD System(Hyper Flat Drive System)-

Takemasa Yoshimi
Power Transmission Belt Design Group Engineering Department Industrial Products Division,BANDOCHEMICAL INDUTRIES,LTD.
Bando have been a pioneer in the non-tire rubber and plastics industries since our founding in
1906, responding to customer needs with new technology and product development. Over the
centuries we have expanded upon our core business to meet the ever-changing needs of the times,
and we now produce a wide range of products, starting from the first Japanese manufacturer of
power transmission V belts, conveyor belts, systems to precision equipment components, andoptoelectronic and electronic materials. At Bando, by utilizing the industry’s most advanced
technology, we believe that any product, even the “workhorse” V-belt, can be built a better way tosolve customer needs and also to the environmental initiatives.
As regards to new request and market needs, Bando “Hyper Flat Drive System(HFD system)”is one of the most efficient equipment and eco-friendly processes, for the next generation
horsepower tasks to all power transmission application users.
Our HFD system, we recognized the excellent qualities of the flat belt and refined thosequalities with further improved transmission capabilities for below points:
1. An operation with ideal tension and improved transmission efficiency leads to energy
saving and CO2 reduction.
2. Maintenance free is possible due to the longer service life and tension control by the unique
technology of auto-tensioner.
3. Flat belt construction leads, low flex distortion, and reduces noise problems.
4. Development of flat type belt, compact design layout is available, with noinfluence on the durability.
In addition, to sustain the most efficient power transmission system, Bando developed a unique
technology of belt meandering device. This drive system will autonomously control the runningbelt to the right position and by combining this devise system with an auto-tensioner, Bandoovercame the belt side tracking and tension problem. Thanks to continuous research anddevelopment today we cover the size line up for the application from 2.2kW~22kW and for theheavy duty users 30kW~75kW.
The Trial of novel wood biomass fuel co-firing in Kushiro N1

Hiroyuki Ogawa
Power Sec. Production & Plant Engineering Dept.
Kushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
This article will report the trial of novel wood biomass fuel co-firing trial, which was carried out
at N1 power plant, Kushiro Mill, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
N1 power plant is a coal fired power plant, which still holds a key position in generating
electricity in Japan. However, tons of CO2 emission from coal combustion is a significant

environmental issue. Woods are considered to be carbon neutral, so that we can reduce CO2
emission by substituting wood-derived fuels for coals. Under the increasing social demand against
global warming, we are researching novel wood biomass fuels usable for pulverized coal boilers
as one of the efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emission which contributes to realise a low carbon
society.
Since N1 boiler is a pulverized coal boiler, it needs to be crushable with coal mills to use woodbiomass fuels. However, it is often difficult to crush the wood biomass because they are usually
very rich in fibre and high in water content. It is common to employ stokers or fluidized-bed
technologies to burn biomass fuels. Then, we carried out some wood biomass and coal co-firing
trial to investigate the availability of so-called “black pellets”, the wood biomass fuels processedby steam explosion or torrefaction technology, for pulverized coal boilers.
In this study, we examined the mixing rate of wood biomass and coals up to 30wt%. The mixed
fuels were supplied to the coal mills of N1 boiler. And we ran and adjusted the boiler, monitoring
the operating status of the mills and the boiler.
As the result of this research, we found out that we could ran N1 boiler burning coals mixed
with 30wt% black pellets without any modification to the current mills and boilers. However, we
needed to adjust lots of their parameters due to the property difference between coals and biomass
fuels.
Also, it is suggested that there is a potential to use the biomass fuels more than these results
and it needs a further study.
Introduction of Subordinate Power Generation-Saving Energy by Installing Small Hydroelectric Generators-

Takeshi Oe
Nakatsu Mill, Oji F-Tex Co.,Ltd.
Pulp and paper manufacturing is an energy-intensive industry and thus Oji Group has been actively
promoting energy-savings and introducing renewable energy equipment. Under these circumstances,
Oji F-Tex has set up the aim of saving energy; Nakatsu Mill has been working on energy-saving activities
such as installing energy-efficient equipment and improving operating procedures. However, different
perspectives are needed at all times to promote further energy-savings. Nakatsu Mill has focused onelevation differences in its water treatment facilities and considered installing small hydropower
turbines which subordinates to the main hydropower plant. As a result, it has successfully generated
power by installing turbines before a sedimentation device with a steady flow of water and also byeffectively utilizing idle equipment.
This article introduces a consideration of installing small hydropower turbines utilizing the location of
Nakatsu Mill and the results of its power generation.
Operational Experiences of MVR Evaporator in Gotsu Mill

Takuji Okamoto
Gotsu Mill, Nippon Paper Industries CO., LTD.
Gotsu Mill is the only domestic manufacturer of dissolving pulp which is produced by sulfite process.
The evaporation capacity of our two evaporators have reduced due to their deterioration after 20 years
since their construction. It was a major reason for the reduction of pulp production, therefore a new
evaporator was planned for installation. Comparing MVR evaporator with multiple-effect vacuum
evaporator based on the nature of sulfite liquor and the energy efficiency, MVR was installed. As a result,pulp production increased by 111% compared to before installation. Energy costs decreased by 13%
compared to the installation of multiple -effect vacuum evaporators.
New Type Turbo Blower Saves Energy ＆ Stable Operation With IoT-Air foil bearing Variable speed Single stage Turbo blower TurboMAX-

Tsuyoshi Masuda
ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd.
In this paper I would like to introduce the advantages and technologies of TurboMAX turbo blower.
TurboMAX turbo blower consists of superior technologies like air-foil bearing, permanent magnet synchronous
motor, high efficiency impeller, high speed control technique and so on. As for the overall structure, blower,
motor, inverter, touch panel controller and blow off valve are installed in one enclosure. This is a new styleturbo blower called “air foil bearing-variable speed-single stage turbo blower”. Compare to the conventional
blowers, TurboMAX turbo blower has many advantages in “Saving energy”“Low noise and vibration”“Saving
maintenance cost”“Space-saving and lightweight”. Especially, compare to the conventional root blowers,
TurboMAX turbo blower can reduce power consumption by 20% on average.
As global warming is serious issue around the world now, reducing the power consumption is required to allindustries regardless of its type and scale. Especially for paper industry which uses and disposes a large
amount of water, reducing the cost for waste water treatment is a big challenge. In the process of waste water
treatment, aeration blower's power consumption makes up the large proportion, and aeration blower usuallyruns for 24 hours every day. So, high efficiency aeration blower can contribute to the cost reduction of waste
water treatment significantly.
In the latter half of this paper, I introduce an actual case of replacing 2 root blowers with 1 turbo blower(MAX100) at municipal sewage-treatment plant for the field trial. As the result, we could confirm 25%
energy saving, 16dB noise reduction, 25μm vibration reduction, and 6℃ blower room’s temperature reduction.
ShinMaywa Industries, Ltd. launched TurboMAX turbo blower since 2012 in Japan, and some blowers havebeen delivered to paper factories. As for paper factory, we have delivered blowers to 8 paper factories so far
and 12 blowers are in operation now. Especially, one of these blowers are used for flotator which is used in thedeinking process during manufacturing recycled paper from used paper, and we confirmed TurboMAX turbo
blower can reduce power consumption in non-aeration use too. I expect TurboMAX turbo blower can reduce
the power consumption in many other uses too. I hope TurboMAX turbo blower contributes to the energy
saving in many fields and it leads to the reduction of environmental burden of the globe.

Operating Experience of Volume reduction solidification equipment

Makoto Hayakawa
Oji Materia Co., Ltd. Gifu Mill.
The Nakatsugawa Mill of Oji Materia, located in Gifu Prefecture center of Japan, produces CorrugatedMedium Paper.
We acquire ISO14001, and have been actively working to reduction of waste, prevention of air andwater pollution, noise and vibration. And the pollution prevention ordinance is concluded and observed
between Nakatsugawa city.
Now, as increasing waste measures, we introduce environmental load reduction using volume reduction
solidification device to convert landfill waste and incinerator with Low grade Waste Paper into solid fuel.
Uncompromising Design of The Heat Exchanger Which Contributes to Exhaust Heat Collection of Fossil Fuel
Origin-Energy Recovery Innovation by Air Frohlich Engineering -Tetsushi Kadowaki
Industrial Machinery Dept. No.2, Itochu Machine-Technos Corporation
With the continuous increase in energy awareness and the urgently required protection of our environment,
the interest in energy recovery with heat exchangers is growing. In this June 2019, the Agency for Natural
Resources and Energy of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry published the 2019 Energy White
Paper. The Chapter 2 gave a considerable space for the "Global Warming Countermeasures and Energy
Policies Based on the Paris Agreement."
Factors noted in this vigorous discussion include the reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) and theconversion of energy from fossil fuels to renewable energy. The technology that has been proposed by ITOCHU
Machine-Technos Corp for these directions is a highly efficient energy recovery system using boiler exhaustgas as a heat source.
This paper introduces countermeasures against heat exchanger corrosion by sulfuric acid H2SO4, which isan obstacle to the utilization of fossil fuel-derived exhaust gas, and energy cost reduction effects by converting
the recovered heat amount into CO2 reduction amount/fuel consumption amount, based on designs andapplication examples of feedwater preheaters (acid-resistant heat exchangers) that enable low-temperature
exhaust heat recovery from boilers by Air Frohlich Engineering Corporation.

The Keenest Stock Preparation Technologies for Board Paper- Countermeasures for Worse Waste Paper Quality -Jiro Urata
AIKAWA Iron Works Co.,Ltd.
The changes in China's Waste Paper procurement policy and the trade friction between the US andChina significantly change the amount and quality of used waste paper and affect the procurement ofWaste Paper in Japan. In 2018, the Waste Paper procurement situation in Japan is new to memory thatthe surplus and shortage occurred in a short period due to the influence of external factors.
Furthermore, China has announced that it will target zero solid waste imports at the end of 2020,
and it is thought that the import of unsorted Waste Paper will be restricted. In the future, there will bea shortage of high quality Waste Paper and an excess of unsorted waste paper, and the frequency of using
low grade waste paper will be increased. For that purpose, it is necessary to strengthen the raw material
conditioning equipment to be compatible with low grade Waste Paper. In addition, there is also thepossibility that raw material costs can be reduced by using inexpensive low-grade Waste Paper.
In this paper, we will close up on paperboard and introduce the latest Waste Paper processing
technology that is effective as a countermeasure along with domestic and overseas achievements for eachprocess.
Development of Quality- and Safety-considerate Paper Straws
Junji Yamamoto
Research Laboratory, Research & Development Division, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.

It was said that 2018 was the first year of the ocean disposal plastic issue movement. A lot of industries havestarted to disuse plastics and nations have prohibited to disposal plastics from 2018.
Nippon Paper Industries (NPi) set up new department “Paperising Promotion Office” in August 2018 inorder to tackle the issue with paper. Paper straws are one of the paperising product. During the developmentof paper straws, it was found that conventional paper straws which were sold in Japan had some concerns
about quality and feeling of use. The quality represented by water resistance and the feelings of use by using
paper and adhesives are inferior to plastic straws. They stick to lips when we put them into mouth because of
the moisture absorption. Smells and tastes of paper inhibit the flavor of beverages.
Paper straws pf NPi are used very high density and smoothness basepaper for outside layer for mouth feelin order to solve the concerns of taste, smell and sticking to the lips. Water resistance and safety concerns are
solved by using paper that is strictly controlled in terms of hygiene and an adhesive compatible with foodsafety laws. Moreover, the adhesive is selected to have high water resistance and almost no elution in water.
Paper straws of NPi designed as described above has performance and safety comparable to plastic straws.
NPi’s Paper straws have been available for sale in April, and are currently on sale at Askul’s mail-order site.
In addition, they were adopted for the first time in the food and beverage industry in June, and are used in
multiple restaurants.

An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 4：In Search for Converting the JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL to Science/Humanities Fused-type Journal

Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus, The University of Tokyo (Paper Science)
The Japan’s “Basic Program for Science and Techonology” proclaimed in December 2019 focuses particularattentions to the human & social science as supporting academic environments to the progress of naturalscience & techonology. In alignment with this program, the significance of fusion or integration of naturalscience with human & social science.
The fourth article of this series is intended to analyze the possibilities of conversion of the conventional
Japan Tappi Journal to the fusion of natural science with human & social science.
The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. Historical development of the grasping of human-oriented sciences in the Policies of Science &Techonology
3. Controvercial “Unnessesary human-oriented academic areas in national universities issues” andresponses by the presidents of the universities
4. New directions of “Basic Program of Science & Techonology” and significant concerns on human-oriented
academic areas.

5. Significance of the recognition of “ Ethics,Law,& Society” in scientific activities and newly emerged
streams of “The fusion of human-oriented sciences and natural sciences”
6. In search for conversion of the Japan Tappi Journal to fused type journal
7. Epilogue

Analysis of Trace Elements by ICP-OES and XRF in Pulp and Paper Industry

Toshitatsu Takei,Fumihiko Shimizu,Keishi Morishita and Mitsutaka Kondo
Material Analysis Center, Innovation Promotion Division, Oji Holdings Corporation.
ICP-OES（Inductivity Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer） is an analytical methodcharacterized by the high sensitivity, wide dynamic range and multi-element analysis. ICP-OES is
generally used to quantify trace metals in Pulp and Paper Industry samples. The pretreatment method
for Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in white liquor was studied by using a solid phase extraction column packed
with polyamino-polycarboxylic acid type chelate resins. The recoveries of elements were affected by a pH.
All trace metals were found to be extracted with similar efficiency at pH 5.5, indicating that the optimum
condition for extraction is pH 5.5. Major matrix elements, Na, Mg, K and Ca, in white liquor were notextracted below pH 7. The optimum concentration of nitric acid for elution after cleaning the column wasdetermined to be 3 mol/L. The assay values agreed well with the pre-set values without the interferenceof the major elements. Moreover, high recoveries of the elements (100±1%) were achieved for the whiteliquor sample. A Cs inhibitor for ionization interference was effective to suppress the ionizationinterference of alkaline metal (K) in ICP-OES analysis. Assay values by ICP-OES using the inhibitor
correlated well with those using IC (Ion Chromatography). Also a simple analytical method with XRF(X-ray Fluorescence Analysis) using Ultra Carry Light filter provided the precise dilution factor easily.
Furthermore, cross checking using XRF and ICP-OES improved the precision of the analysis.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 8

August 2020

CON T E N T S

V ol. 74, No. 8

Pulp
1

Problem on Oper ation of A Conti nuous Di gester w ith Low Quali ty Chips andD eali ng w ith I t By Upgr ade of T he E xi sti ng Cook ing E qui pm ent……Y an Ju6

I m pact of Low Qual ity W ood Chips and Latest Soluti ons―E f fects of Southeast A sian W ood Chips―……Hitoshi T suchida, Jungo N ishim uk i and Naoka N akai

12

T he K eenest Stock Prepar ati on T echnolog ies for Board Paper―Counter m easur es for W or se W aste Paper Quality ―……Jiro U rata

18

T o I mpr ov e of Causticizing E f ficiency……M ak oto I w asak i

26Best A v ailable ClO2 T echnolog ies for the Pulp I ndustry……A ndrés Quintero and M ik iy a Nom ur a

32

Oper ati onal Pr inci ple of Centr ifugal Pum ps and I ts E xam pl e from Sul zer
Pr oducts……Hir om ichi U eda

39

Life A ssessm ent for E qui pm ent M ade of F RP……Daik i I shii

T opi cs & I nf or m a ti on

44 Devel opm ent of Br eeding T echnolog ies for E ucal yptus in Nor ther n Br azil……E iji I w ata, K azunori Hay ashi and N aoki Neg ishi

48 A n E ssay on M ethodol og y for I nnovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 5 : “Paper culturology ”: A I nterdisciplinary Sy stem atic Style T hat F uses Paper-related
A cadem ic A reas……F um ihiko Onabe
Pul p a nd Pa per M i l l s i n Ja pa n（ 85）53

T ak aok a M ill , Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.

03
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E ssay on I ntellectual Pr operty
Cof fee break
Papy rus

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I ndustr y N ew s（ D om estic and I nter national）
List of T itles in F oreig n Journals Received by JA PA N T A PPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Pr ice list of D om estic Logs and W ood Chips by Distr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 August JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.8 Abstracts

Problem on Operation of A Continuous Digester with Low Quality Chips and Dealing with It By Upgrade of The
Existing Cooking Equipmen

Yan JuValmet K. K. Service business line
With increase of the low quality chips to a continuous digester it can be observed that the operation
problems as declining the efficiency of removing air and impregnation of the chemicals, unstable theliquor level in the chip chute, improper chip column movement, variation on the load of outlet device andthe blow dp etc.. On the other hand, it is possible to obtain a stable operation with COPMPACTCOOKINGTM even utilizing the low quality chips due to proper steaming and impregnation with low
temperature and long retention time, and a lower extraction load on each screens, etc.. Furthermore, it
is also possible to minimize the problems by adopting OptiCooKTM on a single vessel steam/liquor phase
digester due to reinforcing the steaming, stabilizing the liquor level in chip chute by COMPACT FEEDTM,
cold top cooking together with heating up at C5(or C6) circulation with replace the existing old typescreens, and to run the existing Hi-heat washing zone as con-current cooking zone by replacing theexisting old C8 screen.
Impact of Low quality wood chips and Latest solutions-Effects of Southeast Asian Wood Chips-

Hitoshi Tsuchida, Jungo Nishimuki and Naoka Nakai
Techncal Sales Dept., Hakuto Co., LtdIn paper and pulp production, imported wood chips are more important than ever to control raw
material costs, transportation costs, improve productivity, and apply to other fields.
Wood chips have a significant effect on pulp properties depending on morphological factors (origin, tree
species, structure) and chemical factors.
In the pulp production process in Japan, planted trees are often used, so that not only calcium andsilica derived from soil but also calcium, potassium and phosphorus derived from fertilizers precipitate,
are causing scale problems.
In this report, problems that have actually occurred in the pulp manufacturing process due to the
influence of recent wood chips (calcium phosphate precipitation in the digestion and bleaching process,and resin stain in the black liquor concentration process) are discussed.
We also introduce the latest chemical solutions that address these issues.
The Keenest Stock Preparation Technologies for Board Paper- Countermeasures for Worse Waste Paper Quality -Jiro Urata
AIKAWA Iron Works Co.,Ltd.
Due to a change in the Chinese recycle paper procuring policy, the Japanese recycle paper export
has been decreasing and this made a tendency of surpassing the recycle paper supplies in the Japanesemarket. Also there has been an uncertain status between the U.S. and China, and also the U.S. and Iraq,
and this starts affecting the Pulp & Paper industry. We see a shift on our customer requirement that has
been changing from yield improving to energy saving since middle of 2019. The energy saving means toincrease the capacity with keeping the same power consumption. Improving the specific power
consumption requires more capacity on the equipment on which more capability of removing thecontaminants is important.
The Chinese government introduces a policy that there will be zero import of recycle solids by the end of
the year, and there will be a tendency seen in Japan that high quality recycle paper is more exported, and low
quality unsorted recycle paper with high contents of contaminants is more distributed. Using inexpensive low
quality recycle paper gives low cost of procuring raw materials, and this is an important factor on how we
could handle the low quality recycle paper. In this section we would like to introduce the latest technology on
recycle paper handling with a target of improving the contaminant removal.

To improve of causticizing efficiency

Makoto Iwasaki
MIP Consultant Office
Kraft Pulp (KP) is the main pulp production worldwide. In this development, KP chemical recovery
process has contributed greatly.
The main role of the KP recovery process, (1) recovery and reuse of inorganic chemicals, (2) combustionof organic material in the black liquor, and recovery of energy from it.
There are three processes in the related to this (1), that is, the clarification of the green liquor sent froma recovery boiler, causticizing white liquor (cooking liquor) from the mixing with the burned lime stonedischarged from lime kiln and clarified green liquor and the step of clarifying the white liquor. The
keeping high and less variation causticizing efficiency is one of the most important target for theoperation for the process related to this (1) . Here, I will describe about the outline of each recovery steps
which affect the causticizing efficiency, and introduce the measures to improve it.
Best available ClO2 technologies for the pulp industry

Andrés Quintero
Senior Process Engineer, Eka Engineering, Technology Solutions,Nouryon Pulp and Performance Chemicals AB
Mikiya Nomura
Nouryon Japan Inc.
Eka Engineering is an engineering and contracting division within Nouryon Pulp and Performance
Chemicals that specializes in the design and supply of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) plants and equipment to
the pulp and chemical industries.
Eka Engineering has developed a number of different process technologies, for safe and efficient ClO2
generation that makes the division a world-leading supplier of chlorine dioxide plants.
ClO2 is an oxidizer commercially used for bleaching pulp since the mid-1940s. ClO2 is the most costeffective bleaching agent of pulp, achieving high brightness while maintaining high strength.
ClO2 is produced on site by reducing sodium chlorate (NaClO3) in an acidic solution, either undervacuum (SVP processes) or atmospheric conditions (HP-A process). Different by-products are generated
by varying the type of reducing agent and acid.
In this paper we will focus on the HP-A, the SVP-LITE and the SVP-SCW processes which are the mostcommon ClO2 processes used nowadays.
Also we will briefly discuss about ClO2 decompositions and other application for ClO2.
Operational principle of Centrifugal pumps and its example from Sulzer products

Hiromichi Ueda
Sulzer Daiichi K.K.
In Pulp and Paper process various type of pumps are using for from Digester application, Paper
Machine application to Waste water application, including so called Water pump, Pulp slurry pump,
Quantitative chemical pump. However, the majority of operation in use might be just Centrifugal process
pumps than some specialized pump. There should be some specialties of technology depending on pump
manufactures, of course. It may be able to say that the pump is exactly “The heart of your process” in thesense of functionality in your process as of pumping liquid. I am pleased to introduce basic issues andsome application of centrifugal pumps including our process pumps made by Sulzer Pumps.
At the first paragraph, we hereby explain about the discharge function of pump generated bycentrifugal force. Then we get onto the points what is better to take into consideration at the suction area,such as NPSH and Cavitation. We also explain in the latter half of paragraph that pressure loss in thepiping, and the advisable piping layout especially for pulp pumping. We also mention here about theperformance change led by the difference of impeller diameter and speed.
In the end we introduce pump selection guide for various application in pulp & paper industry process,and then the material selection of pump as well.
This is last but not least, we introduce here cutting edge of technology of Sulzer pumps.

Life assessment for Equipment made of FRP

Daiki Ishii
Sales Dept., Itogawa Industries Co.,Ltd.
Because of outstanding chemical resistance and reasonableness, equipment made of FRP have usedwidely at various papermaking process and utility since long ago (For example Storage tank, Pipe, Duct,etc).
However, even if it is convenient material, it will gradually deteriorate in harsh environment. Therefore,
we have to acquire basic FRP knowledge and information about deterioration for proper management,
and that surely leads to safety factory operation.
In this paper, we explain about the basic FRP construction and deteriorate mechanism, and mention
the current state of life assessment moreover.
Development of breeding technologies for Eucalyptus in northern Brazil

Eiji Iwata, Kazunori Hayashi and Naoki Negishi
Research Laboratory, Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd.
Nippon Paper Industries Co.,Ltd.(NPI) is a comprehensive biomass company that aims for sustainablegrowth with the slogan " Shaping the Future with Trees" , fully utilizing and recycling renewable wood
resources based on sustainable forest management. NPI manages Eucalyptus plantation forests in
Brazil, Chile, Australia and South Africa as part of its sustainable resource procurement policy “Tree
Farm Initiative”. Among them, Amapa Florestal e Celulose S.A.(AMCEL) in northern Brazil owns thelargest plantable area, planting Eucalyptus species in plantation and producing wood chips to export tooverseas.
We are promoting the development of forestry technologies in the AMCEL plantation. In this report,
we would like to discuss the latest situation of our breeding and clone development program, and inparticular, our recent effort on a new breeding technology of genomic selection.
An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part5 : “Paper culturology” : An Interdisciplinary Systematic Style That Fuses
Paper-related Academic Areas
Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus,The University of Tokyo(Paper Science)

Before discussing into creating a new journal, the author has looked back on the historical transitionof the natural science from ancient Greek natural philosophy to the contemporary issues of fusing
natural sciences with humanities and social sciences.
Germany has unique classification of sciences, i.e., natural science and cultural science. France has
philosophy‐based specific outlook on paper and gave birth to “mediologie” and the concept of“Pouvours du papier”. The author has proposed “Paper culturology” as fusion of various paper₋related
academic areas
The fifth article of this series is intended to analyze the possibilities of creating “Paper culturology”
and its application for innovating JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL.
The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. Academic transition from the Greek natural philosophy to the contemporary issues of fusion ofnatural sciences with human and social sciences.
3. French philosophical understanding of paper and “mediologie”
4. Proposal of “Paper culturology” that targets fusion and systematization of paper-related academicareas
5. Epilogue

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 9

September 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 9

Paper m ak i ng T echnology Ⅰ
1N ew A pproach for W et E nd Operati on and Optim i zati on（ Step 2）―F ir st Refer en ce for “iT A BLET M” in Jap an and N ex t Step ―……H arr y Ritter and H ir oshi I w ata

8

T he Com prehensi ve Chem i cal A pproach to I m prov i ng Producti vi ty by Cleani ng
F elts and W i res……Eiji K og a

13

T he Latest D ev el opm ent for F orm ing F abric and Press F abric……U lf Beng s, M inw on Bae an d K oji K aw ashim a19

Perform ance and E f fects of T herm al Spray A ppl ication to V ari ous W ire Roll s―T S-03112µ W hich Gr eatly Ex tend s the L ife of Plastic W ir e―……K im iak i I w ane

T op ics & I nf or m ati on

24

Proposal of M i xi ng Pl ate―CD /BW Pr of il e Con trol Device for Headbox ―……M asayuk i Nag ata

29
34

I nnov ati v e Sy stem 「 PCA -Pol y Clean A ppli cator」 and Latest Canv as Cleaner toK eep Dry er Surface and Canv as Cl ean……T suyoshi Y oshin o
N ew Sizi ng A g ent「 SI ZE PI N E CA -956」 ……K en H isam oto

39

E nhanced Bi ocontrol Perform ance throug h D N A T echnol og y in the Paper
M ak i ng I ndustry……W en Li T u an d L au ra Rice44

T U RBA I R ®
―T he En er g y Savin g V acuu m Blow er―……M ok um e M isaw a49

A ctiv i ties for E nerg y Savi ng at PM 6 in N agaoka M il l……Hir osh i Saito

53

Cor por ate Pr of il e & Pr oduct I n for m ation ㊹

Procem ex Japan Ltd.
R esea r ch R epo r t（ Or i g in al Pa per ）61

E f fe ct of Cook i ng M ethod on W et T ensil e Streng th of Kozo Paper……Zhiyou H an, K eik o K ida, M asak i H anda and M asam itsu I naba

Pulp an d Paper M il ls i n Ja pan（ 86）76

Shin-N ag oy a Plant, Reng o Co., Ltd.

81

73rd JA PA N T A PPI General M eeting

03
60
85

Com m i ttee report
Cof fee break
Papy rus

91
94
102
103
105

I ndustry N ew s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Price list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 September JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.9 Abstracts

New Approach for Wet End Operation and Optimization (Step 2)―First Reference for “iTABLETM”in Japan and Next Step―

Hiroshi Iwata, Harry Ritter
IBS Japan Ltd. , IBS Paper Performance GroupThe global paper market put new challenges into today’s paper making. Papermakers arerequested to produce paper grade to meet market demand as well as competitive manufacturing
cost with each other in order to stay in business.
IBS“iTABLETM”is the perfect solution with advanced drainage technology on a Fourdrinier
table to produce consideration in Formation and paper strength improvement as well as
remarkable results in energy consumption and chemical cost saving to an extremely shortpayback period of less than one year.
The over one hundred fifty “iTABLE” are operating in the worldwide and we supplied firstreference to the Japanese market in 2018.
This paper introduces the performance results on first reference of “iTABLETM” in Japan andnext step for “iTABLETM” with new IBS advanced technology of “Table vision”.
The comprehensive chemical approach to improving productivity by cleaning felts and wires

Eiji Koga
Research＆Development Dept. , Nissin Kagaku Kenkyusho Co. , Ltd
The deposit adherent in the papermaking process causes operation trouble with occurrence of webbreaks and the defects and often brings bad influence to the productivity and the quality of the productin a pulp and paper production plant. There are the various factors that cause web-breaks and thedefects, therefore the solution to the deposit problem are also different depending on the situations. We
think that solving optimally the complicated deposit problem at the wet end will lead to the improvementof the quality and the productivity by analysis from pleiotropic viewpoint.
We investigated the causes of the deposit troubles in the efforts at the wet end, and examined thedeposit cleaning agent, wire cleaning agent and felt cleaning agent, which we developed as anapplication example of the optimum cleaning method for solving the problem. In this report, we will
introduce the development concept of the cleaning agents, the mechanism of effect and the example ofeffect.

The latest development for forming fabric and press fabric

Ulf Bengs
Albany International Forming Eurasia
Minwon Bae
Albany International, Publication Eurasia
Koji Kawashima
Albany International JapanAlbany International is a leading developer and manufacturer of Paper
Machine Clothes(PMC), supplies engineered fabrics and process belts used in the manufacture of
all grades of paper products, including tissue and towel, board, and packaging and publication.
The production of paper and board has experienced a dramatic change during the last decade.
The production of graphical papers has reduced significantly wear as the production of packaging grade
paper and board as well as sanitary (tissue) products has increased steadily. This development has had
a clear impact on the demand for PMC fabric performance.
Today we are going to present Albany`s latest products with the latest technology which Albany
International has developed.

Performance and effects of thermal spray application to various wire rolls― TS-03112μ which greatly extends the life of plastic wire ―Kimiaki Iwane
Tocalo Co.，Ltd. Sales Division
In the wire part of a papermaking machine, the wire roll (Wire roll, Breast roll, Drive roll) is
usually a rubber cover roll.
Recently, ceramic spraying has been increasing. Rubber cover rolls cause uneven wear in 1 to
2 years due to friction with plastic wire. Uneven wear has an adverse effect on the life of the plastic
wire, and it is necessary to replace the wire early at the papermaking site. As a remedy, ceramicspraying has been used for more than 20 years and has achieved a certain effect. However, theceramic sprayed coating has a low coefficient of friction and easily slips with the plastic wire, andcannot be used for a drive roll. Therefore, the effect of improving the life of the plastic wire islimited. We started to develop special ceramic thermal spray coating (TS-03112μ) with highfriction coefficient more than 15 years ago.
After various evaluation tests with the cooperation of a wire manufacturer, the first roll was delivered
to the on-top former drive roll in 2005. After undergoing various evaluation tests with the cooperationof a wire manufacturer, the first roll was delivered to the on-top former drive roll in 2005. As a result, it
was proved that the slip ratio was equal to or higher than that of a rubber roll for a drive roll. As aresult, it was proved that the slip ratio was equal to or higher than that of a rubber roll for a drive roll.
Since then, TS-03112μ has been mainly used only for drive rolls, but its surface performance has also
greatly contributed to extending the life of wires by adopting it for normal wire rolls and breast rolls.
Many customers who have adopted TS-03112μ have reported that the wire life has reached 1.5 to 2
times.
Proposal of Mixing Plate―CD/BW Profile Control Device for Headbox―

Masayuki Nagata
Sales Dept, Kobayashi Engineering Works,Ltd.
Thanks to the partnership with Kadant AES, USA, we have offered several units of " Octopus StockApproach System" (hereinafter refer as Octopus") and it has been a long time since dilution controls arewell known as major methods to control CD/BW Profile from the Headbox.
Today, we would like to introduce you our "Mixing Plate " as a new method to control CD/BW Profile.
Needless to mention, uniform CD/BW Profile at certain levels equally are one of the most important key
technology in paper production. In order to control these amounts, numerous of equipment has been
invented by numerous of suppliers.
Among those equipment, our Mixing Plate features less installation space compared with Octopus withreasonable pricing. Not only to a new build Headbox, but also, it could retrofited to existing Headbox byless modification works too.
Let us start off the explanation of its features and benefits of installation, based on actual cases.
In this case, Mixing Plate was introduced to Evener Roll type Headbox and resulted to improve CD/BD
Profile.

Innovative System 「PCA-Poly Clean Applicator」 and Latest Canvas Cleaner to keep dryer surface andcanvas clean

Tsuyoshi Yoshino
Design Department / AIKAWA IRON WORKS CO.,LTD.
We have been manufacturing and promoting doctor equipment, surface cleaners and canvas cleaners
for the solutions of removing dirt on the dryer surface and cleaning the canvas. There is a high demandfor improvement of product quality, as there are more and more contaminants on the dryer and thecanvas due to the deterioration of raw material quality in recent years. We have now an innovative
solution to prevent dirt from adhering to the dryer and canvas on top of our conventional equipment. We
have now started promoting the system called "PCA Poly Clean Applicator" that we hope will play animportant role in solving the problems that have not been able to eliminate so far. This article covers theintroductions of the "PCA-Poly Clean Applicator" and the latest canvas cleaner.
New Sizing Agent 「SIZEPINE CA-956」

Ken Hisamoto
Research & Development H.Q., Paper Chemicals, Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.
In the paperboard manufacturing, it has become difficult for internal chemical additives to function
properly since the increase of calcium carbonate-containing waste paper and more closed papermaking
system. Rosin sizing agent, known as a main force of internal sizing agent, is considered to perform poorly
under the trend of pH rising in papermaking system. For general sizing agents other than rosin, AKD
and ASA are well known. However, even though they have excellent performance, various disadvantages
such as slow progressive development of sizing effect and concern for their stability. In such situation, we
have newly developed “SIZEPINE CA-956”. It is the fourth general sizing agent, following rosin, AKD
and ASA, which is able to adapt to wide range of pH.
SIZEPINE CA-956 has long alkyl chains as hydrophobic group, and special polar groups. It also needs
Alum to function as traditional rosin sizing agent does. However, compared to rosin size, SIZEPINE CA956 has a different coordination system, and shows predominance under low Alum dosage, even onlywith the Alum derived from waste paper material. Furthermore, the performance of SIZEPINE CA-956
is not susceptible to pH and temperature of wet-end as well as drying temperature in papermaking
process. Besides, it has no problems such as slow progressive development of sizing effect of AKD andover-time deterioration of ASA.
In preparation for future changes in papermaking environment and market, we are promoting
development for further application possibilities of this novel sizing agent.
Enhanced Biocontrol Performance through DNA Technology in the Paper Making Industry

Wen Li Tu
Shanghai Research Development & Engineer Centre, Nalco Water, An Ecolab Company
Laura Rice
Global Paper RD&E, Nalco Water, An Ecolab Company
This study uses high-throughput sequencing technology and metagenomics to identify the biofilm
forming bacteria in the paper-making process. Taxonomic classification of bacteria that led to biofilm
formation were assessed. Problematic bacteria were grouped and quantified using real-time polymerase
chain reaction (qPCR). This technology of identification and detection of causative bacteria in the papermaking process, based on metagenomics and qPCR, was developed by Nalco Water as Metagenomics
Analysis Protocol (MAP). One case study using MAP demonstrated that targeted biocontrol treatment
resulted in improved paper quality and production performance.

TURBAIR® - The Energy Saving Vacuum Blower-

Mokume Misawa
MAN Energy Solutions Japan Ltd.
TURBAIR’s green technology offers an incredible saving potential and helps to cut theconsumption of energy and process water in paper production. In doing so, it slashes related
costs and reduces the environmental CO2 footprint tremendously. The environmental andeconomic advantages of MAN vacuum blowers allow customers from the wood-fiber and paperindustry to stay competitive and especially in case of higher production output.
The amount of vacuum and air volume required during paper production varies depending on
the type of paper manufactured. The TURBAIR® system, which is a state of the art technology,
adapts dynamically to the changing conditions to provide the exact volume and vacuum needed
for a perfect result. This, combined with a fully controlled vacuum system helps to increase thevisibility of the production and quality.

-

Suction flow rates of up to 3,000 m³/min per blower
Vacuum level of up to 65 kPa with our single stage blower and up to 75 kPa with ourmulti-stage blower
Efficiencies of up to 85%
Constant vacuum levels at varying flow rates over the entire working range
Heat recuperation equivalent of up to 75% of absorbed blower power
No sealing water consumption
No wearing parts
Long lasting device

Activities for Energy Saving at PM6 in Nagaoka Mill

Hiroshi Saito
Hokuetsu Corporation Co.,Ltd.
Key products at PM6 in Nagaoka Mill is industrial paper. Recently received order of industrial
paper is increasing. We have to increase production volume. We have tried increasing production
volume and reduction of steam intensity. In this paper we report two cases “Reduction of steam
intensity by increasing of
Double Disk Refiner” and “Reduction of steam intensity by addition of Finesteam” at
PM6 in Nagaoka Mill.
Effect of Cooking Method on Wet Tensile Strength of Kozo Paper

Zhiyou Han, Keiko KidaMasamitsu Inaba
Graduate School of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of the Arts
Masaki Handa
Handa Kyuseido Co., Ltd
Masamitsu Inaba
Graduate School of Fine Arts, Tokyo University of the Arts

Usu-mino-gami （a kind of thin kozo paper） is frequently used as the first back lining paper of hanging
scrolls in order to support the main paper with a painting or a work of calligraphy on it. For dying
appropriate color, the paper is often treated with alkali mordant solution. However, current usu-minogami product received such comments from conservators that wet tensile strength is weak, and hard tohandle. Therefore, improving wet tensile strength of kozo paper have to be required. In our previous
paper, the effect of sheet forming method on wet tensile strength of usu-mino-gami has been
investigated. In this paper the effect of cooking method on wet tensile strength of kozo paper was
subsequently investigated. Wet tensile strength of kozo paper which made with different cooking
conditions, was evaluated by wet tensile strength using finch device. Kozo paper with different amountof parenchyma cell was also be made. The amount of parenchyma cell in pulp was measured with ratioof parenchyma cell film area between fibers on kozo sheet by using scanning electron microscope(SEM) images. According to the results, the increase of wet tensile strength and higher amount of
parenchyma cell were observed with shorter cooking time, and lower concentration of cooking agent(alkaline). Furthermore, wet tensile strength of kozo paper increased when amount of parenchyma cellin pulp was higher.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 1 0

October 2020

CON T E N T S

V ol. 74, N o. 10

Pa per m a k ing T echnolog y Ⅱ
1
6

Basi c Concept and Latest Headbox D esi gn……Hidek i Sano
Lubri cati on M anagem ent U si ng A dv anced Oil Puri f ication w i th Cell ul ose
Capi llar y F ilter s and Internet of T hing s……K en F aw cettT opi cs & I nf or m a ti on

14
20

E f ficiency I m pr ovem ent by Optim i zing Coal Boiler Contr ol……Sy uuichi T suk idate
I ndir ect F ood A dditiv es for F ood Pack agi ng Paper

27

N ex t Gener ati on of A utom ated Paper T esti ng and Onli ne Pul p A nal yzing
System……K enichi F uk uda and K azushig e I naok a―L& W A utoline and L& W F reeness and F iber Online―……M itsuhir o Y am azak i

35

E f fects of I nsecticides on Ochetellus glaber and Other Species of A nts……Y asuhir o T om iok a, Goro K im ur a and N obuy uk i K ato

41

A n E ssay on M ethodology for I nnov ating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL ”

44

Part 6： “Psy chophy sics”： A n A cadem ic A rea that link s Hum an A spects w ith Natur al
Scientifc A spects by Hum an M ediation……F um ihik o Onabe
Corpor ate Prof il e & Pr oduct I nfor m ation ㊺

John Crane Japan, i nc.
I ntr oducti on of R esear ch L a bor a tor i es（ 135）

50

Laborator y of W ood Chem i str y, Div ision of F undam ental A g ri science Resear ch,
Gr aduate School of A gr icultur e, Hok kaido Univ er sity

R esea r ch R epor（t Or i g i na l Pa per ）52

Rapi d M easurem ent M ethod for M olecul ar W eig ht Di str ibuti on of Cell ul ose
using T etr abuty lam m oni um A cetate/D im ethy lsul fox ide（ T BA A /DM SO） M i xed
Solvent……K anak o I k eg uchi, Hiroshi N onak a, A suk a Nag ae and I ppei I w ata

Pul p a nd Pa per M i l l s i n Ja pa n（ 87）67

T om ak om ai M i ll, Oji Paper Co., Ltd

03
49
72

Com m ittee repor t
E ssay on I ntellectual Pr operty
Papy rus

74
77
89
90
92

I ndustr y New s（ Dom estic and I nter national）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Pr ice list of Dom estic Log s and W ood Chips by District
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s from the A ssociation

2020 October JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.10 Abstracts

Basic concept and latest headbox design

Hideki Sano
Paper Machinery Engineering Dept.,Kobayashi Engineering Works,Ltd.
The function of headbox is defined as “A device rectifies the stock and pours it on the wire withcertain thickness and speed”. The function typically demanded on headbox is as follows.
・Makes proper stock dispersion and supplies the stable stock flow to the slice section.
・Jets the uniform stock flow free from streak and diagonal flow in cross machine direction.
・Maintains the stable slice section not influenced by the pressure and temperature variation.
・Keeps cleanness inside and easy for maintenance.
On the other hand, high functional devices such as dilution profiling system, headbox sheet, andevener rolls according to the client’s specification are requested to apply. Therefore, the selectionof proper devices depending on paper quality target is very important engineering work.
Evaluation of headbox is very much concerned with the paper quality such as basis weight profile,formation and properties.
This reports the latest dilution type profile system as well as the basic function and mechanismof our headbox.
Lubrication management utilizing advanced oil purification method and IoT with cellulose capillary filter

Ken Fawcett
JSD Ltd.
JSD, through the sales of cellulose capillary filters, has been involved in lubrication management inmany manufacturing industries throughout Japan, including paper and pulp, metal rolling, machine
manufacturing, and semi-conductor manufacturing. Cellulose capillary filters are made throughspecial processing of the capillary system found in trees. Using such a filtering medium, it can remove
particles as small as 0.1μm (100 nanometers). Such fine filtration causes the oxidation in the oil to stop,
thus not only removing the sludge and varnish that lead to machinery wear and breakdown, but
actually prevents the sludge and varnish from forming in the first place. The oil is kept cleaner than
new oil, which means oil changes are no longer necessary. Furthermore, the oil that is now super-clean
will flush the insides of the machinery system. With the contaminant particles removed, the oil will beable to fully function as a lubricant, thus massively reducing maintenance cost due to a large reduction
in machinery breakdowns and repairs.
In order to further improve lubrication management while saving labor, oil quality sensors, whichmonitor the oil condition in real-time, and particle counters, which calculate the particle amount in theoil and show the result in IOS or NAS standards, are available for use. Joining these equipment
through an IoT (Internet of Things) system will also be available for implementation in the near future.
Efficiency improvement by optimizing coal boiler control

Syuuichi Tsukidate
MPM OPERATION Co.，Ltd.
Power generation facilities at Hachinohe plant of Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited consist of a coal-fired boiler,a waste boiler，black liquor recovery boilers and steam turbines. These facilities are being operated to satisfy
both the steam and power demands fully while using many fuel sources such as heavy oil, coal, black liquor
and waste efficiently.
Recently, we introduced new optimum parameters to a system of a conventional controller to operate a coalfired boiler. The system has solved some operating problems and reduced power generation costs.

Indirect Food Additives for Food Packaging Paper

Kenichi Fukuda and Kazushige Inaoka
Paper Chemicals Development，R&D Center，R&D Company，Harima Chemicals，Inc.
Harima Chemicals Group，Inc. has been supplying various paper chemicals such as strength andsizing agents for paper and paperboard mills in order to provide desired functions on papers.
Paper and paperboard have been widely used in our life not only for printing，wrapping and transporting
purposes but also as food packaging materials such as boxboards，paper plates and beverage cartons.
Food packaging materials have been regulated in countries around the world，and paper chemicals usedin paper intended to come into contact with food also need to be compliant with the regulations.
In this situation，we have developed and begun sales of polyacrylamide（PAM）type dry strength
agents，dispersed rosin sizes which were approved by FDA（Food and Drug Administration）for indirectfood additives. Both PAM strength agent which has high molecular weight and amphoteric property，and dispersed rosin size which applied synthetic anionic polymer as an emulsifier，are the first productsin the world of paper chemicals to meet FDA regulatory requirements.
The FDA approved PAM strength agent，“Harmide KS series”，and dispersed rosin size，“NeuRoz®
series” as well as the efforts to aim for “the development of safe products as indirect food additives” areintroduced in this report.
Next Generation of Automated Paper Testing and Online Pulp Analyzing System-L&W Autoline and L&W Freeness and Fiber Online-

Mitsuhiro Yamazaki
Pulp & Paper Group, Industrial Automation business, ABB K.K.
In all types of mature business, constant improvements are required for a company to stay competitive.
Today it is more important than ever. Search for cost reductions and improved efficiency is always on theagenda. In the pulp and paper industry, the first goal is to produce a product within given specification
at the lowest possible cost - quality testing and process monitoring is one way getting there.
In this speech, I would like to share our experience and knowledge which has been obtained frominstallation base of more than 500 systems of L&W Autoline all over the world. Especially herein, I
introduce our brand-new small system of automated paper testing, L&W Autoline S, which has been
just released this year 2019, based on completely new basic design of its user interface, digitalizing
capability and advanced reliability, and able to shorten ROI period.
And, I continue to explain the design concept features of L&W Freeness Online, L&W Fiber Online,
and our new solution, L&W Freeness and Fiber Online which can combine the online measurements offreeness and fiber properties. Just in 2 years from our product release, almost 20 x systems of online pulp
analyzing have been delivered globally including Japan, and it is attributed to the fact that customers
acknowledge its advanced and innovative feature as well as its maintenance ability and reliablemeasurement capability.
Reliable system of automated paper testing and online pulp analyzing helps to monitor and control
properties and qualities, and to create the best possible continuous and uniform process throughout from
pulp furnish and to paper product. It is also mandatory to obtain precise and huge data of quality
assurance automatically, and to share, analyze and feedback information necessary for processoptimization by digitalization.

Effects of Insecticides on Ochotellus glaber and Other Species of Ants

Yasuhiro Tomioka and Goro Kimura
Technical Research Laboratory, Ikari Shodoku Co., Ltd
Nobuyuki Kato
Sales Promotion Division, Ikari Shodoku Co., Ltd
The effects of a new insecticide, piliprolol FL (phenylpyrazole), and a slow-acting insecticide, fipronil
FL (phenylpyrazole), on the black house ant, Ochotellus glaber, were examined by using the filter
paper contact method. The insecticidal effect of the former was higher or as high as that of the latter.
Similarly, fast-acting insecticides including two organophosphorous compounds, fenitrothion FL andpropetamphos AE, three pyrethroids, β-cyfluthrin FL，bifenthrin AE and etofenprox AE, and aneonicotinoid, thiamethoxam FL, were tested. Propetamphos AE showed the highest potency, followed
by fenitrothion FL and bifenthrin AE. Aerosol (bifenthrin 0.07%) knocked down the test ants 100% in
10 minutes after direct spraying, confirming that it was a fast-acting, potent agent against ants.

An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 6: “Psychophysics” : An Academic Area that links Human Aspects with Natural Scientifc Aspects
by Human Mediation

Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus,The University of Tokyo(Paper Science)
For deep understanding of essentials of paper, human aspects of paper as well as natural scientificaspects are significant. This kind of way of thinking is attracting particular attentions recently with aview to solve the problems associated with paper related complicated issues in the contemporarysociety. Psychophysics has a possibility to link between human aspects with natural scientific aspects.
The sixth article of this series is intended to analyze the possibilities of applying psychophysics astools of designing a variety of paper products. Furthermore, this article is seeking for the possibilities
of applications for innovating JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL.
The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. Human being as Information Processing System.
3. Phychophysics as an academic area
4. Psychophysics as linkage between Psychology and Physics
5. Psychophysics as paper designing theory
6. Theoretical interpretation of the development of human₋oriented papers
7. Epilogue

Rapid measurement method for molecular weight distribution of cellulose using tetrabutylammonium acetate /dimethylsulfoxide (TBAA/DMSO) mixed solvent

Kanako IKEGUCHI and Hiroshi NONAKA
Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Japan
Asuka NAGAE and Ippei IWATA
Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd.
A rapid size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis system for cellulose was successfully developed
using a mixed solvent of tetrabutylammonium acetate (TBAA) / dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The
cellulose sample was dissolved within 30 minutes without pretreatment, the molecular weight
distribution measurement was completed in 30 minutes, and the average molecular weight wascalculated based on pullulan standards. In the high-purity cellulose samples, a high linear correlation
was found between the common logarithm of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and the viscosity
average molecular weight (Mv). In pulp and commercial cellulose powder, peaks or shoulders derived
from hemicellulose appeared in the low molecular weight region and the polydispersity increased. Even
when hemicellulose was contained, almost the same correlation was observed between Mw and Mv as
the high-purity cellulose samples, and the approximate degree of viscosity polymerization could be
estimated. The method developed in this study can be a powerful method for measuring the degree ofpolymerization, which can replace the viscosity method that requires complicated operations.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 1 1

November 2020

CON T E NT S

V ol. 74, N o. 11

Pulp and Pa per R esea r ch Conf er ence
1

Report on the 87th Pulp and Paper Research Conference……W ood Science Com m ittee, JA PA N T A PPI

4

Bl ue Sk y Y oung Researcher and I nnov ati on A w ard

5

Li g ni n M etaboli c E ngi neering i n Grass Bi om ass Plants for Pri m ary Lig nin
V al orization ……T oshiak i U m ezaw a

T op ics & I nf or m atio n

9 Dev el opm ent of “Col orless W ood Block ” and I ts Natural Hi erarchi cal Structure……Y oshik i H or ik aw a

14 A ndri tz Latest Screeni ng T echnolog y for OCC A ppl ication……Y osuk e T ak eshita
18 Recent T rend in Paper M achine Concept for Board M ak i ng……A r isa Ok i
22 A dv anced Optim ization M ethod of M ultiv ari able Predi cti ve Control l er……K unihik o Seto

28 W ire Part Basic K now l edg e and Latest T rend……Osam u Y asui
35 A n E ssay on M ethodol og y for I nnov ating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Par t 7： “Cultu ral econom ics”A nalyses on M ater ial values and Cultur al values of Paper……F um ihik o Onabe
R esea r ch R epo r（t Or ig i nal Paper ）39

Y i eld I ncrem ent of H ardw ood E CF Bleached Pul p by A ddi ti on ofPerox y m onosul furic A ci d……K eishi T anifuji, H ir oshi Ohi, T aisuk e N ak ahir a and K atsuyuk i M ur ai

03
38
54

Com m i ttee report
Cof fee break
Papy rus

60
63
74
75
77

I ndustry N ew s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Pr ice list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by D istr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 November JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.11 Abstracts

Lignin Metabolic Engineering in Grass Biomass Plants for Primary Lignin Valorization

Toshiaki Umezawa
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University
Trees and large-sized grasses are the major sources of lignocellulose biomass, which is indispensablefor establishing sustainable societies. Large-sized grasses have much higher lignocellulose biomassyields than trees. With an overall aim to improve lignocellulose usability, it is important to improve lignin
content and simplify lignin structures in biomass plants. In this context, using rice as a model for grassbiomass plants, we produced transgenic lines with increased lignin content, which should be beneficial
for the solid fuel use of biomass. We also generated transgenic rice lines with increased content of eachof the three aromatic (i.e., p-hydroxyphenyl, guaiacyl, and syringyl) units of lignins. This helped tosimplify the aromatic composition of lignins. These strategies are also applicable for the improvement ofusability of large-sized grasses. In addition, in-depth lignin analyses of transgenic rice plants suggested
the presence of a biosynthetic pathway that produces the grass-specific β-p-coumaroylated monolignols.

Development of “colorless wood block” and its natural hierarchical structure

Yoshiki Horikawa
Institute of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
The highly-controlled 3D structure of wood expresses the outstanding mechanical properties whichallow to support the huge body and to live more than 1000 years. In order to apply this natural
architecture for the novel biomaterials, we examined the removal of lignin via two-step chemicaltreatments with maintaining anatomical and cell structure, which is quite different from pulp and paper.
The first step was alcoholysis which was conducted by ethylene glycol, and its best condition wasdetermined by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The second step was bleaching wherein thedelignification gradually proceeded from the surface to the core of the wood block, and finally resulted
in complete decolorization. Next, multiple structural assessment from anatomical- to nano-level was
carried out. X-ray CT (computed tomography) visualized ordered tracheids which mean to keep the
anatomical structure. X-ray fiber diffraction diagrams obtained from “colorless wood block” showedoriented cellulose fibers, indicating microfibrils in the cell wall were unaltered. Furthermore, natural
cellulose crystalline structure was kept from X-ray diffraction pattern. Lastly, transmission electron
microscopic observation of microfibrils which were prepared by using TEMPO-mediated oxidation
technique showed clear cellulose fibers which have long and uniform width. Given various structural
analysis, we achieved in preparation of “colorless wood block” while maintaining the natural
hierarchical structure.

Andritz Latest Screening technology for OCC Application

Yosuke Takeshita
Andritz K.K. Capital Systems Sales
Well-known with over 5,400 pressure screens installed in numerous stock preparation lines
worldwide, ANDRITZ presents the latest evolution in screening – the PrimeScreenX. The innovative
design of the new screen builds on the successes of the widely valued Modu Screenfamily, but offers
innovative key benefits. The improvements in energy efficiency, screening performance, andmaintainability are significant. The PrimeScreen X is the natural evolution of the Modu Screenpressure screen family. The targets for this development were to improve both the energy andscreening efficiency, while making the unit easier to maintain .The Prime Screen X is
exceptional for all screening applications – brown and white grades, recycled or virgin,
including coarse, fine, broke, thick stock, and fractionation duties.

Recent Trend in paper machine concept for board making

Arisa Oki
Valmet K.K.
Defining suitable production capacity is key to ensuring the highest possible return on investment.
Valmet’s focus is on supplying the right papermaking lines with sustainable solutions to serve customers.
OptiConceptM is a modular paper and board making concept launched in 2011 which answers thesechallenges. The OptiConceptM family suits both containerboard & cartonboard grade and fine paper
production; Simple, well functioning solutions that meet the customer’s needs.
In this paper, we will introduce the OptiConceptM features as well as the recent development
technologies for board making.

Advanced optimization method of multivariable predictive controller

Kunihiko Seto
Honeywell Japan Ltd. Honeywell Connected Plant
Multivariable predictive controller (MPC) is widely applied to process industry from its real time
optimization capability which makes large operation benefit from the process. MPC utilizes linear
programming method (LP) to determine optimum solution under process constraints. Understanding of
LP method is essential to utilize optimization function to maximize benefit from MPC. Since LP method
is limited for linear algebra, optimization of highly non-linear process is difficult. Advanced optimization
methods are developed for MPC to support process non-linearity. One is liner model on-line update
method. Another method is hessian update. Multiple unit optimization is also available with real time
optimizer. Further large scope optimization which includes production planning and blending is alsoavailable.

Wire Part Basic Knowledge and Latest Trend

Osamu Yasui
Application Eng. Dept., Voith IHI Paper Technology Co., Ltd.
The wire part is an important part that determines the paper quality, for example, the formation, thetwo sidedness of surface smoothness, and the MD/CD ratio of tensile strength. This paper describes the
typical dewatering elements for wire parts and their dewatering mechanism, and also explains the
typical types of wire parts configuration. The dewatering at wire part are hydrofoil dewatering (blade
dewatering), vacuum dewatering, centrifugal dewatering, and wire tension dewatering due to thedifference in dewatering mechanism. The types of wire parts are a cylinder molding former, a Fourdrinier
type former, and a twin wire type former. Here, a Fourdrinier former and a twin wire type former aredescribed. Twin wire type formers include gap formers and hybrid formers with on-top formers added to
Fourdrinier formers. In addition for paperboard, there is a multi-layer former that combines multiple
Fourdrinier formers.

An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 7: “Cultural economics” Analyses on Material values and Cultural values of Paper

Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus,The University of Tokyo(Paper Science)
Paper products shipped from paper mills will give birth to the cultural issues and cultural values incontact with human society. Paper itself has cultural values as well as economic values. Paper industry
has potentiality to produce paper products as cultural goods, therefore, often called cultural industry.
The seventh article of this series is intended to analyze the process of creating cultural values as wellas material and economic values of paper using newly emerged academic area of “Cultural economics”.
The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. Paper as goods and its process of creating values
3. The contents of cultural economics
4. Elements that create cultural values of paper media
5. The social responsibility of paper industry as cultural industry
6. “Creating shared values” for coexistence of economic values and social values
7. Epilogue

Yield Increment of Hardwood ECF bleached Pulp by Addition ofPeroxymonosulfuric Acid

Keishi Tanifuji and Hiroshi Ohi
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba
Taisuke Nakahira and Katsuyuki Murai
Tokyo Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical
The peroxymonosulfuric acid (MPS) was added at 0.1% dosage as H2SO5 for the initial stage ofchlorine dioxide (D0) treatment during elemental chlorine free (ECF) bleaching for a hardwood
oxygen-bleached kraft pulp (LOKP) to improve yields of the bleached pulp. The D0 or D0/MPS treatedpulps was followed by alkaline peroxide (Ep) stage and chlorine dioxide (D1) stage. The final pulp
yield (93.1%) of D0/MPS-Ep-D1 sequence was steadily higher than that (90.6%) of D0-Ep-D1 sequence.
When the dosage of chlorine dioxide was increased during D0 stage or D0 with MPS (D0/MPS) stage
at 60 ºC, the pulp yield was decreased. When the temperature of D0 stage or D0/MPS stage wasincreased to 70 ºC, the yield of D0 stage was decreased more than that of D0/MPS stage. On the other
hand, the total organic carbon (TOC) concentration of the filtrate from D0 stage was also higher thanthat from D0/MPS stage. The glucan and xylan contents of the D0/MPS-Ep-D1 bleached pulp was
higher than those of D0-Ep-D1 bleached pulp. It was clarified that decomposition and denaturation ofcarbohydrates in LOKP during ECF bleaching were reduced by the D0/MPS treatment, and this would
effect on the increment in bleached pulp yield of the D0/MPS-Ep-D1 sequence.

JAPANTAPPI JOURNAL 1 2

December 2020

CON T E N T S

V ol. 74, N o. 12

E nv ir onm ent
1

A Repor t of the 27th E nv ir onm ental Conference……E nvir onm ental T echnical Com m ittee, JA PA N T A PPI

2
8

Latest W astew ater T r eatm ent T echnol og y……Hir oak i K ar iyam a
W astew ater T reatm ent by M em brane Separ ation A ctiv ated Sl udge M ethod

13

D ri ve U ni t for Sludg e Col lector s, T hickener s and Clari f ier s……Y ojiro Sakam oto―Long -lasting , E conom ical, and E colog ical Products―………Naonori T sunehiro

18

F undam ental s K now ledge of Noi se I m provem ent

23

T rend on the PCB W aste T r eatm ent

26

E nfor cement of Positi ve Li st Sy stem of Polym er and Reg ulator y Si tuation ofPaper for F ood Packag ing M ater ials……Hideki Nishi
I nnovations in Paper Pack ag ing for the Real izati on of a Cir cul ar -E conomy
Soci ety ………T oshio A r ita
T he Curr ent Situati ons of the Cir cul ar E conom y i n E ur ope

32
41―A bout the F undam entals of Sound, Phenom ena and on Noise as a Sense―……T ak eshi Hir ata―Loom ing D eadline―……K ouji M aek aw a

―Outline of the E U’s Second CE A ction Plan and the R elated I ndustr ial Policies―………K azunori K itag aw a

T opi cs & I nf or m a ti on

50

T her mal E ner gy , W ater T r eatm ent, Env ir onm ent Proposal i n E ach F ield

54

I ntr oducing I oT A pplicati on to Reduce Cost of I ndustr ial W aste and Save Labor

58

A n E ssay on M ethodology for I nnov ating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL ”……T ak ehiro U w afuji……Junji A iur a
Par t 8： A nalyses of F or m s of Journals in the D ig ital T r ansfor m ation A ge……F um ihik o Onabe

I ntr oducti on of R esear ch L a bor a tor i es（ 136）

62

Laborator y of Cl othing M ater ial Science, D epar tm ent of Costum e and Cl othi ng
Science, F aculty of Hom e E conom i cs, T oky o K asei Univer sity

R esea r ch R epor（t Or i g i na l Pa per ）65

D am ag e Characteri sti cs of Sili cone Rubber caused by A br adi ng T he E dg e of
PPC Paper s cut w ith CO2 Laser……M or iak i W ak aki, N aohiro T ak ahashi, N or ihiko Saw ak i and Shuichi M aeda

82

T he D eg r ee of A cetyl Substituti on of Pul p Reacted in the D em onstr ation
F acili ty for CNF -r einfor ced Com posi tes……I o K ak uta, K enichiro Sasak i, Y ujiroh F uk uda and F um inar i N onom ur a

03
61
64
90

Com m ittee repor t
E ssay on I ntellectual Pr operty
Cof fee break
Papy rus

93
97
100
109
110
112

I ndustr y New s（ Dom estic and I nternational）
List of T itles in F oreig n Jour nals Receiv ed by JA PA N T A PPI
List of Patents issued and Laid-open Publication
Pr ice list of D om estic Log s and W ood Chips by Distr ict
Other M onthly Statistics
N ew s fr om the A ssociation

2020 December JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL
Vol.74, No.12 Abstracts

Latest Wastewater Treatment Technology

Hiroaki Kariyama
Kurita Water Industries, Ltd.
In recent In recent years, environmental problems have become more serious on a global scale with
the increase in population, urbanization, and industrialization, and many companies are now working
to solve social problems as part of their business activities with the SDGs.
There are four main efforts to solve environmental problems: "solving water resource problems,""reducing waste," "sustainable energy use," and "balancing environmental problems with advances in
production technology." In particular, "waste reduction" and "sustainable energy use" should beconsidered in the wastewater treatment field.
Wastewater treatment equipment is classified into organic treatment and inorganic treatment, but in
response to the above customer needs, we have been working on the development of wastewater
treatment technology that takes into consideration not only treatment stability but also environmentalload reduction.
BIOPLANET®SR, which is an aerobic biological treatment, is a technology that makes it possible toreduce excess sludge by utilizing the food chain mechanism while reducing COD in wastewater by
microbial decomposition.
The anaerobic MBR system, which is an anaerobic biological treatment, reduces the amount of excess
sludge, creates energy using methane, which is a decomposition by-product, and retains microorganisms
in a high concentration in the tank in combination with membrane separation technology. This is atechnology that enables direct treatment of high-concentration SS and COD-containing wastewater
without pretreatment, SS removal, or dilution.
S.sensing®CS is a technology that measures the turbidity between coagulant flocs and optimallycontrols the amount of coagulant added. Not only can the chemical cost and industrial waste amount be
reduced by suppressing excessive addition, but also the deterioration of treatment performance due toinsufficient addition amount can be suppressed because the amount of coagulant can be optimallycontrolled with respect to the raw water quality.
We have been working on the development of individual equipment technology and chemical
technology for the purpose of improving the performance of water treatment technology. As the next
action, we would like to establish a water treatment facility that is linked with manufacturing process
information in order to truly respond to the solution of environmental problems by our customers. Finally,
we would like to develop an overall solution that enables minimization of water use, minimization ofwater treatment costs, minimization of energy consumption, and labor saving.
Wastewater treatment by membrane separation activated sludge method

Yojiro Sakamoto
Kubota Co.,Ltd.
Membrane Systems Dept. Domestic Sales & Engineering Group, Engineering TeamThe United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are set out, including the goal of "6.
Ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all."Behind this is the problem that the amount of freshwater resources available is gradually decreasing
due to the increase in water usage due to population growth and water pollution in public water bodies.
For humankind to survive and achieve economic development, it is important to prevent waterpollution and promote water circulation.
Water discharged through industrial activities contains various pollutants. In order to solve theabove problems, when water is discharged from each factory (specific facility), pollutants must be
purified to below a certain standard.
The methods used for purification are roughly divided into three types: "physical treatment","chemical treatment", and "biological treatment", and appropriate treatment methods andcombinations are adopted according to the type of pollution.
In general, "biological treatment" that can treat a large amount of water at low cost is used in manyfactories, but it is difficult to obtain stable and high-quality treated water only by "biologicaltreatment", so it is necessary. Advanced processing may be adopted depending on the situation.
One of them, the Membrane Bio Reactor(MBR), is a relatively new technology that combines"biological treatment" with "physical treatment".

MBR is a method that has been increasingly introduced in recent years, taking advantage of its
features such as "high quality treated water" and "compact treatment equipment".
Due to the high quality of treated water, it is expected to be one of the technologies to solve humanproblems.
In this presentation, we will show the mechanism, features, and merits of MBR. In addition, we willshow an actual introduction example of how MBR is used for purification of factory wastewater in various
industries including textile and paper processing industry, and for wastewater reuse needs that have been
increasing in recent years. I will introduce it while.
Drive Unit For Sludge Collectors, Thickeners and clarifiers―Long-lasting, Economical, and Ecological Products―

Naonori Tsunehiro
Hanshin Engineering Co., Ltd.
Drive Unit for sludge collectors, Thickeners and Clarifiers is simple and efficiently designed structure.
Because of it, easily maintenance checks and long lasting that garner immense praise.
Since the units are centrally driven prevent rail-travelling wheel slippage, which may occur forcircumferentially driven types in stormy weather, so the quality of treated water will be stabilized.
In case of an overload, drive units are introduced a chain drive have a play that give a time to start
the limit switch and can be stopped before damaging for gear.
The units that have a lifting device can be raised and lowered are able to reset without waste waterand sludge removal.
Fundamentals Knowledge of Noise Improvement―About the Fundamentals of Sound, Phenomena and on Noise as a Sense―

Takeshi Hirata
Nihon Onkyo Engineering Co.,Ltd.
Noise Improvement Group, Acoustic Design & Construction Div.
There has always been a noise problem for the outside and in recent years there has been a growing
concern about the noise of working environments. The fundamentals of acoustics in solving the problem
can provide some pathway to countermeasures. I hope this paper will help.
Chapter 1: The fundamentals of sound will be explained. The mechanisms of sound generation,
physical phenomena of sound, differences in sound energy and level, and decibel synthesis are explained.
This is followed by a correspondence with auditory perception.
Chapter 2: Sound attenuation by distance and the often-misunderstood phenomena of soundinsulation, sound absorption and diffraction are examined using a simple model, and the phenomena ofsound in relation to noise control are explained.
Chapter 3: Methods of measuring noise, including metrics for each type of noise, noise control laws,
regulatory standards, and assessment locations are described.
Trend on the PCB Waste Treatment-Looming deadline-

Kouji Maekawa
Toyama Kankyo Seibi Co,ltd
Proper waste treatment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) has been led by the government since2001. It is mandated for those store PCB-contained products to process them on their own or subcontract
their process by 2027.
Prefectural/municipal governments are carrying out an investigation targeting the companies who store
PCB wastes in order to find further potential wastes that are not notified yet and to promote thecompletion of their process by 2027.3.31.
Based on our experience of processing over 40,000 low concentration PCB wastes since accreditation.
During their process we found some cases where transformers contains capacitors, since both of them
have different levels of PCB concentration, they cannot be processed until analysis of the levels for eachcomponent is complete. Each enterprise shall play an important role to identify the amount of such
wastes and promote the process within a limited timeframe.

Enforcement of Positive List system of Polymer and Regulatory Situation of Paper for Food Packaging
Materials

Hideki Nishi
Nishi Packaging Consultant Office
In Japan,The amended Food Sanitation Act was enforced on 1st.June 2020 and the Positive List（PL）system of Resin for Food Packaging was promulgated by the government. However,it needs
more several years to complete PL and discussion of Paper is a future theme. This paper introduces
latest global trend of Food Packaging Legislations including paper.
Innovations in paper packaging for the realization of a circular-economy society

Toshio Arita
Arita Packaging Consultant Office
In the tide of targeting a circular-economy society, oil has begun to move away, and the renewableenergy ratio has begun to increase. Even in the COVID-19 pandemic, the global trend toward therealization of a bio- and circular-economy is steadily accelerating without stagnation. Under thesecircumstances, packaging materials, packaging technology, and recycling are also at a major turning
point. "Less plastics and more recycling" is to reduce the use of plastics and regard used waste as "oilresources on the ground" for maximum recycling.
"Conversion to paper as an alternative for plastics" aims to use paper/
cellulose derived from forest resources, which is the largest biomass on theearth, as a substitute for plastics, and there are high expectations for paper. However, in order torealize this, technology innovations in paper and paper
packaging are required. Additionally, it is necessary to build an efficient
infrastructure for recycling newly developed functional paper packaging
materials into raw materials for papermaking. This is a social contribution inwhich paper manufacturers can take leadership.
Beyond that, the pulp and paper industry itself is required to undergo a major transformation into abiomass industry.
In this paper, 1) conversion to paper from plastics in packaging, 2) paper-based
multi-barrier innovations (water-based barrier and heatseal coating, combination with water-based
flexographic printing), 3) the establishment of proper
recycling standards corresponding to the circular economy, 4) three-dimensional molding technology
for paper bottles, and 5) the future prospects forward to biomass industry of the pulp and paperindustry are described.
The Current Situations of the Circular Economy in Europe-Outline of the EU's Second CE Action Plan and the Related Industrial Policies-

Kazunori Kitagawa
Japan Productivity Center
The Circular Economy (CE) is a policy that reduces the dependence on resource consumption ineconomic activities and promotes the following three main initiatives.
① Carefully circulate resources and products.
② Regarding products, from sold-out business models, we will provide the function and conveniencevalues of the products as service, emphasize the life cycle management of the products, and promote
the extension of lifetime and the use of upgrades.
③ Work on the development and implementation of a business model that promotes the above twopoints.
The purpose of the second CE action plan is to improve the industrial competitiveness of Europe,
strengthen the power of consumers, and promote environmental protection.
The priority policy is a sustainable product policy. Its purpose is to ensure that products on the EU
market have a longer lifespan and are easier to repair, upgrade, recycle and reuse.
The EU's new industrial strategy is as follows.
-The two of transitions for ecology and digital are called "twin transitions" and affect every part of theeconomy, society, and industry. We will make investments commensurate with that and develop
innovative technologies.

• Innovative products, services and business models require new skills that many people have not yet
acquired, creating new types of occupations.
-In this strategy, enablers (people who make it possible) and regulators (administrative agencies) needto recognize the strengths and roles of the EU.
・ Entrepreneurship and ability to act are important for the new strategy. There, every player in thevalue chain can do so with a new focus and choice towards the industrial ecosystem.
・ The new industrial strategy shows the vision to be achieved by 2030 and the basis for reaching it.
Additionally, the author will explain the European digital strategy and the movement to seek a new
economic form after the covid-19.
Thermal Energy, Water Treatment, Environment Proposal in Each Field

Takehiro Uwafuji
MIURA CO.,LTD Tokyo MI Sales Department 1
Our company is currently developing various business such as boilers, water treatment equipment,
food equipment, marine equipment, sterilizers, water treatment chemicals, etc. The small once-throughboiler ZP type released in 1959, which celebrated its 60th anniversary in 2019, has been recognized as
the “Mechanical Heritage” of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 2015.
The business has spread to the world, and the number of employees is more than 5500 in the group, of
which 1500 overseas. As the "best partner of heat, water and environment", we support your life invarious fields, and this time we will introduce the latest technology in that field.
Introducing IoT application to reduce cost of industrial waste and save labor

Junji Aiura
Kurita Water Industries Ltd.
In cohesion handling of drainage, the appropriate adjustment of the inorganic flocculant depending on
drainage load is important in planning stabilization of the processing quality of the water andoptimization of a drug and the grime outbreak quantity. The tendency of many kinds is remarkable, andthe drainage class drained from a production process does not rarely fluctuate from mass production insmall quantities in the recent shop floor during one day.
Two ways of methods usually are almost taken in management of the waste water treatment
equipment while it looks like it. It is a method that one assays inorganic flocculant to the drainage of thepeak load and injects. When drainage load is low, inorganic flocculant becomes the excessive infusion,and a problem in this method is that the consumption of the neutralizer, the quantity of grime outbreakincrease with this. It is the method that a manager adjusts quantity of addition of the inorganic
flocculant to depending on the change of the change and cohesion state of the drainage class, and anothermethod is that the problem in this method needs serious personnel expenses. It becomes theunderstaffed problem more serious today.
For these problems, a technique, the system which automatically controlled appropriate adjustmentof the inorganic flocculant depending on drainage load have been bought.
This announcement introduces the industrial waste reduction by the IoT application to waste water
treatment equipment, labor saving.

An Essay on Methodology for Innovating “JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL”
Part 8: Analyses of Forms of Journals in the Digital Transformation Age

Fumihiko Onabe
Professor Emeritus,The University of Tokyo(Paper Science)In the process of conquering the pandemic Covid-19, particular attentions are focused on “Digitaltransformation(DX)” as powerful tools. Newly emerged this tool has potentiality of improving businessas well as national administrative areas, and intended to lead finally to “paperless society”. To what
extent this trend will prevail is the major significant concern among stakeholders and researchers in
the paper-related areas.
The eighth article of this series is intended to analyze the influence of “Digital transformation” on thewide range of paper related areas. The overall contents are described as below.
1. Introduction
2. Pandemic Covid-19 and Digital Transformation
3. Paperless trends created by removal of imprinting in business and administration documents
4. Flow-type information and Stock-type informaion
5. In search for optimal forms of journals
6. Necessity of paper-based journals for deep understanding of the contents
7. In search for specific and optimum forms for future Japan TAPPI journal
8. Epilogue
Damage characteristics of silicone rubber caused by abrading the edge of PPC papers cut
with CO2 laser

Moriaki Wakaki 1)，Naohiro Takahashi 2)，Norihiko Sawaki2)，Shuichi Maeda 1),2)
Department of Optical and Imaging Science & Technology， Faculty of Engineering， Tokai University１）
Course of Electrical and Electronic Engineering， Graduate School of Engineering， Tokai University２)
We propose to use a carbon dioxide laser to cut the paper which provides two benefits. The blade of the
cutting system will not wear without a mechanical cutter and the cut surface can be smoothened bychoosing the optimal irradiation of the laser which prevent accidental cutting of the human skin. In theexperiment to demonstrate these benefits, a CO2 laser, a condenser lens, a rotating table, and a silicone
rubber that simulates the human skin were used. The thresholds that can cut all the papers used in
the experiment with a CO2 laser was obtained. Simulation experiments using a silicone rubber tocharacterize the damage caused by the abrasion of the paper edge suggested that the paper edge cut by
use of a CO2 laser was gentler to the skin than the edge cut by use of scissors.
The Degree of Acetyl Substitution of Pulp Reacted in the Demonstration Facility for CNF-reinforced
Composites

Io Kakuta, Kenichiro Sasaki, Yujiroh Fukuda and Fuminari Nonomura
CNF Research Laboratory, R&D Division, Nippon Paper Indusutries Co., Ltd.
We have produced CNF-reinforced composites in demonstration facility on the basis of knowledge
gained from NEDO project. The manufacturing process is composed of two parts; hydrophobization of
pulp and compounding it with thermoplastics by kneading. It was revealed that undesired large
increase of hydrophobicity (the degree of acetyl substitution; DS(Ac)) could be suppressed when acertain amount of water was added into the reactor before evaporation of reagents. On the other hand,
it was also shown that the flexural strength of CNF-reinforced PA6 decreased as the DS(Ac) increased
in a range of 0.5-0.8. In conclusion, we succeeded in the control of DS(Ac) of pulp and revealed that
DS(Ac) has an important effect on physical properties of CNF-reinforced composites.