--------------当報告の内容は、それぞれの著者の著作物です。
Copyrighted materials of the authors.
--------------AA 研共共課題「東南アジアにおけるイスラーム主義と社会・文化要因の相互作用に関する学際的研究―トランスナショナルなネットワークと現地の応答」
2021 年度第 2 回研究会（通算第 4 回目）
日時：2020 年 9 月 11 日（日）14:00–17:20
場所：ZOOM 会合
概要：2021 年 9 月 11 日（土）に今年度第 2 回の研究会を実施した。副代表である AA 研の床呂所員による本年度趣旨説明に続いて、下記のように共同研究員である Omar

Farouk氏（広島市立大）と Najib Burhani 氏（LIPI）により、それぞれシンガポールのアラブ人コミュニティ、インドネシアにおけるデジタル・イスラームの実践をめぐる報告、ならびに参加者全員による質疑応答を実施した（要旨は下記を参照）。
Omar 氏の報告に際しては、シンガポールのアラブ人コミュニティにおけるアイデンティティのうちイスラームとアラブ人という二つのアイデンティティ間の関係や、その多言語習得をめぐって参加者との間に議論があり、いずれも重層的なアイデンティティや多元的な言語使用状況についての説明があった。Najib 氏の報告に関しては参加者からパンデミックの影響下におけるデジタル化の肯定的な側面と否定的な側面に関する質問等があり、報告者からは後者の事例として金曜礼拝をめぐる論争などの紹介があった。
報告の概要はそれぞれ下記の通りである。
報告タイトル：The Dynamics of Arab Identity in Singapore
報告者：Omar Farouk（AA 研共同研究員、広島市立大学）
要旨：The Arabs have been an integral feature of Singapore even before its founding by
Stamford Raffles in 1819. They were recognized by Raffles as an entrepreneurial community
who could contribute to the development of the new settlement. In terms of size the Arabcommunity is among the smallest although its resilience is remarkable. The theme of Arabpresence in Singapore has aroused considerable academic interests and there have been
several historical and sociological studies on the subject. Lim’s academic exercise on the Arabs
is one of the earliest sociological works.. Ameen Ali Talib’s article on the Hadhramis in theJournal of Muslim Minority Affairs examines the evolution of Arab or Hadhrami identity inSingapore. Structural factors, such as economic conditions in Singapore and politicaldevelopments in Hadhramaut were said to have disrupted the old ties which pre-existed. Asa distinguished Singaporean Arab scholar he was keen to revive the Arabic identity inSingapore. Leif Manger’s article, “Hadhramis in Singapore: Making Muslim Space in a Global
City “ is about Arab identity. The paper focuses on the process of Hadhrami adaptations inSingapore.

In between the above works there have also been various different attempts

drawing on essentially historical sources to fully appreciate the role of the Arabs in Singapore.
This particular paper seeks to depict the characteristics of the Singaporean Arabs based ona questionnaire survey administered in Singapore in 1997, on 44 respondents. While not being
unmindful of the existing corpus of literature on the Arabs in Singapore the paper hopes toexamine the dynamics of Arab identity in the republic.

報告タイトル：Digital Islam in Indonesia: The Shift of Ritual and Religiosity during Covid19
報告者：Najib Burhani（AA 研共同研究員，インドネシア科学院）
要旨：Before the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of digital platforms in religious rituals wasalready becoming an increasingly common practice among Indonesian preachers to reach outto young audiences. During the pandemic, some Muslim organisations and individual
preachers have speeded up the use of such platforms as a way to communicate with people
and to continue with religious practices among the umma. Among religious rituals that haveshifted online are virtual tahlil (praying and remembering dead person), silaturahim (visitingto each other) during Eid al-Fitr, haul (commemorating death of someone), and tarawih(night prayer during Ramadan). These new modes of rituals were accepted without muchcontroversy. Controversy, however, abounds regarding the online version of the Friday Prayer.
This is particularly because in Islamic law, this ritual is wajib (mandatory) for male Muslims,
while the previous ones are only mustahab (recommended). Notwithstanding the controversy,
some progressive scholars from Muhammadiyah such as Wawan Gunawan Abdul Wahid andUsman Hamid, have put forth well-argued and well-substantiated legal arguments for thepermissibility of virtual Friday prayers. Such arguments have served to address theconundrum facing pious Indonesian Muslims who desire to fulfil their religious obligations
while keeping safe and healthy during a pandemic. Such innovative approaches to Islamic
jurisprudence also illustrate progressive strands in Indonesian Islam not observed elsewherein the Muslim world.
（以上終わり。
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