Com prehens ive disa ster m prevention
a na gem ent strateg ies
Comprehensive
disasterstrategies

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MMEGUROE G U R O LAB.
LAB.
Comprehensive Disaster Management from Various-Viewpoint

Comprehensive
DisasterManagementInternationalfrom Various-Viewpoint
Approaches,
Structural andNon-structural,and Domestic,Approaches,
StructuralandNon-structural,
InternationalandDomestic,
Pre- and Post-disaster, and Public and Private
Pre- and Post-disaster, and Public and Private
Department of Human and Social Systems

Department of Human and Social Systems

Urba n Ea rt hqua ke D is a ster M it igat io n E ng ineering , I nternat io na l S t rateg y fo r D is a ster M a na gem ent
Urban Earthquake Disaster Mitigation Engineering, International Strategy for Disaster Management

DDepartment
epa rt m ent ooff Civil
Civ il Engineering,
E ng ineeringGraduate, G ra duate
S c ho o l o f E ng ineering
School of Engineering
GInterfaculty
ra duate S c hoo l o f I nterdis
c iplina Studies
r y I nfo rm at io n S t udies
Initiativein Information

htt p: / / ris k - m g . iis . u- to k yo . a c . j p/
http://risk-mg.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/

Japan has entered a period of high seismic activity. Within next 30 to 50 years, magnitude 8 (M8) class earthquakes may happen 4, 5 times and M7class earthquakes may strike Japan 40 to 50 times. Typical one with magnitude 7 is Tokyo Metropolitan Inland earthquake and those with magnitude 8
are gigantic earthquakes along the Nankai-Trough. The Central Disaster Prevention Council estimated the worst damage by the gigantic earthquakes along
the Nankai Trough to be about 220 trillion yen, and that by Tokyo Metropolitan inland earthquake to be about 95 trillion yen, and the number ofdamaged buildings (totally collapsed or burned) to be more than 3 million buildings, and the number of deaths to be about 350,000. However, thesedamage, besides by strong ground motion, cover only the damage caused by the fire spread and the tsunami that may happen within a couple of days
after the earthquake. In June 2018, the Japan Society of Civil Engineers estimated and announced the long-term (20 years) economic loss from thesedisasters that it is about 1,541 trillion yen due to the Nankai Trough earthquake and about 855 trillion yen by Tokyo Metropolitan earthquake.
There are three players for disaster management: "Self-help Effort (SE), Mutual Assistance (MA), Public Support (PS)". It is expected that the ratio of"PS" will decrease in the future, therefore, in order to cover the decrease of PS, securing and continuing the activities of “SE” and “MA” is necessary. For
its implementation, it is essential to improve the environment to give physical and mental benefits to the people and organizations of “SE” and “MA.” The
important keywords here are “from cost to value” and “phase-free”. Conventionally, disaster countermeasures are considered to be costs therefore they
are the ones that ends once being done and do not have continuity, and also the effect cannot be found unless a disaster occurs. However, disastercountermeasures which increase value become the ones that can be maintained continuously regardless of the occurrence of a disaster as they bringalways reliability and brand power to the organization and the region that carried out measures in both normal and disaster time. "Phase-free" disastercountermeasures are services, products, and ways of life, that improve the quality of life in normal period and also their functions can be continuously
used even in a condition of disaster, bring new additional value.
Based on the recognition above, our group conducts strategic research to realize a disaster-resilient society from the viewpoints of "structural(hardware) and Non-structural (software)," "international and domestic," "pre- and post-disaster," and "public and private."
Structural Measures (Hardware) [Investigation of physical phenomena
and realization of disaster-resilient structures]

Non-structural Measures (Software) [Investigation of social phenomena
 Social promotion system for retrofitting
masonry structures

 Retrofitting of masonry structures

Proposal of a simple and low-cost seismic retrofitting methods
for masonry structures in earthquake-prone areas.

Study on promotion systems for seismic retrofitting ofunreinforced masonry houses.

 Failure analysis of stuructures Analysis of disaster management plan indeveloping countries

Simulate the collapse behavior of structures using the Applied
Element Method (AEM) and/or the Extended Discrete Element
Method (EDEM) that can simulate the total behavior ofstructures from continuum to discrete state with high accuracy.

Clarification of problems of disaster management plans forrevisions based on literature reviews and interview surveys.

 Self-floating evacuation facility

 Analysis on fire spreading

Development of an evacuation facility that can savedisaster-prone people from Tsunami attack by self-floatingof the facility.
Feasibility study by experiment and numerical analysis arebeing carried out.

Investigation of the damage caused by the fire spread.
(relation between structural damage and the fire spread)
The left figure shows a fire spread 12 hours after the 1923 Great
Kanto earthquake.

 Design of disaster related laws Development and verification of a device for theprevention of furniture overturning

Study on the method of introducing incentives for promotion ofretrofitting vulnerable buildings.
The left figure shows the results of an evaluation of the effect ofthe "Seismic retrofit incentive system based on guarantees by
local governments" for Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan.

Conduct shake table tests using ground motions of various
predominant periods and intensities to verify the effect of thedeveloped furniture overturning prevention device.

Disaster information archive
 Development of effective hazard map and its
management

Systemize, accumulate, and suggest the risk map to contributeto improve countermeasures in-advance, disaster response
activity, recovery, and reconstruction.

 Estimation of intensity distribution based on
actual damage in earthquake area
Estimate the intensity distribution in the earthquake area withfew observation points using the damage recognizing result bysatellite image and the fragility function of structures.

 Database and learning system of lessons
learned from past disasters

Archive survey reports, disaster experiences, and lessons learned
from the past disasters, and organize them well to accumulate
and utilize them efficiently.

and realization of a disaster-resilient society]

Comprehensive disasterprevention strategies

Collection/disseminationof disaster information■Application of remote sensing (RS)for disaster management

Develop a system to utilize disaster information
obtained by RS to assist disaster management.

■Next generation disaster management manual

Build a system for supporting implementation of disastercountermeasures and responses in all phases from before toafter the hazard attack.
Evaluate the effects of proactive measures, and navigate thedisaster response timing and staffing management according tothe damage.

■Disaster imagination tool development

Improve ability to imagine situations that occur around you in adisaster and the damage that you will suffer (disasterimagination) by setting yourself as a player and setting certain
scenes in daily life.