京都 大 学 防 災 研 究 所 年 報 第 50 号 B 平 成 19 年 4 月
Annualsof Disas. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univ., No. 50 B, 2007ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ䈫࿾ၞ⸘↹䈫䈱ㅪ៤䈮䈍䈔䉎⺖㗴᛽಴䈫䈠䈱⸃᳿䈻䈱৻⠨ኤ㩷ฎᏒ૒⛗ሶ*࡮┙Ꮉᐽੱ*࡮ቲ㚌*੩ㇺᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ㇺᏒⅣႺᎿቇኾ᡹
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ㄭᐕߩᗐቯⷙᮨએ਄ߩᵩ᳓ἴኂߦኻᔕߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿾ၞ⸘↹ߣߩㅪ៤ߩ㊀ⷐᕈ߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ታലᕈߩ޽ࠆኻ╷߇ታᣉߐࠇࠆߦߪ⥋ߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫⎇ᧄޕ‬ⓥߢߪߘߩේ࿃߇ߤߎߦ޽ࠆߩ߆ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘␠ળ⊛⢛᥊߿㑐ㅪߔࠆᴺᓞߩ┙ᴺ⚻✲ߣ⃻ⴕᴺ૕♽㧘ౕ૕੐଀ߩਛ߆ࠄᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩㅪ៤ߦଥࠆ᭽‫ߥޘ‬໧㗴ࠍ᛽಴ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ⛔᜝ߩߚ߼ߩᨒ⚵ߺߩᰳᅤ㧘࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⸘↹ߦ߅ߌࠆ⛔ว⊛ߥ⸘↹╷ቯߩᨒ⚵ߺߩᰳᅤ㧘࿯࿾೑↪⸘↹ߦᴦ᳓੐ᬺࠍ⚵ߺㄟ߻ࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߩᰳᅤߩ  ὐ߇ਥߚࠆ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫⸃ޕ‬᳿߳ߩᣇะᕈߣߒߡ㧘ᵹၞදቯߣᵩ᳓ᤨᵹ㊂ߩឃ಴ᮭขᒁߩ⠨߃ᣇߦߟ޿ߡឭ᩺ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼㧦ᵹၞ▤ℂ㧘࿾ၞ⸘↹㧘࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ㧘ᴦ᳓⸘↹ ߪߓ߼ߦ⃻⁁ߢߪ㧘ᴦ᳓⸘↹ߪᴡᎹ▤ℂㇱ⟑߇߶ߣࠎߤ⺧ߌ⽶ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘⃻ⴕᴺߦ߅޿ߡᴦ᳓⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡᓥ᧪ߩᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߪ৻ቯߩᚑᨐࠍ᜼ߍߡ߈ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߡ޿ߥ޿ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪ߩ㑐ㅪᴺᓞ㧔ㇺᏒ⸘↹ᣉⴕ઎ ㄭᐕߩㇺᏒ᳓ኂ㧘⿥ㆊᵩ᳓ߦࠃࠆⵍኂߪ㒐ᱛ࡮シᷫߢ᧦  㗄࡮ㄘ࿾ᴺ  ᧦࡮᫪ᨋᴺ  ᧦ߩ  㗄࡮ ᧦㧕ߦ߈ߡ޿ߥ޿‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘㒢ࠅ޽ࠆ⽷Ḯߩᵴ↪߇᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ߅޿ߡ߽㧘࿯࿾೑↪ߩォ឵࡮⸘↹ᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡߩᵈᗧ޿ࠆ‫ੱޕ‬ญᷫዋߦࠃࠆㇺᏒൻ࿶ജߩシᷫ╬ߩ␠ળᖱ൓੐㗄ߪ⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߢߎߘޕ‬㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⁁ᴫ߇↢ߩᄌൻߩਛ㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ߽ᣂߒ޿ᣇะᕈࠍ⠨߃⋥ߔᤨᯏ߹ࠇߚ␠ળ⊛⢛᥊ࠍᢛℂߒߚ‫ޕ‬߇᧪ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ੱญჇട࡮⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߣㇺᏒൻ࿶ജߎ߁ߒߚേ߈ࠍฃߌ㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩㅪ㨪 ᐕઍ㧘ㇺᏒ⒖ォ߇ᕆㅦߦ㜞߹ࠅ㧘✚㕙Ⓧ៤߇⹜ߺࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ㅪ៤ߩਛᔃߢ޽ߩ 㧑ߦㆊ߉ߥ޿ㇺᏒࠛ࡝ࠕߦ⚂  ਁੱ߇ᵹ౉ߒࠆᴡᎹߪ㧘࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߢߪ৻ᣉ⸳ߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌࠄߚ‫ޕ‬Ꮢⴝ࿾ߦ߅ߌࠆ✛࿾㕙Ⓧ㧔↰࡮ㄘ࿾࡮᫪ᨋ࡮⨹࿾࡮ࠇ㧘ߘߩ▤ℂ⠪ߩ⊒⸒ജ߽㒢ࠄࠇࠆߚ߼㧘ដߌჿߢ⚳᳓㕙ߩว⸘㧕߇  ᐕ㑆ߢ  ഀᷫዋߔࠆࠃ߁ߥㇺᏒൻߩࠊߞߡߒ߹޿᝞ߞߡ޿ߥ޿ߩ߇໧㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ᧄޕ‬࿶ജ߇޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ฦ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߪ㧘೑↪⋡⊛ߦᴪߞߚ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘ㅪ៤ߦଥࠆ᭽‫ߥޘ‬໧㗴ࠍ␠ળ⊛⢛᥊࡮ᴺ૕ᢛ஻ߛߌߢ♖৻᧰ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ਥᜂᒰ⠪ߢߥ޿ᴦ᳓߹ߢ⠨♽࡮ౕ૕੐଀ߩਛ߆ࠄ᛽಴ߒ㧘⸃᳿߳ߩ╭㆏ࠍឭ᩺ߔ߃ࠆߎߣߪߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᴦ᳓ߣ㐿⊒ߩ⍦⋫ ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ߇⃻⁁ߦ⥋ߞߚ␠ળ⊛⢛᥊⃻ⴕᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߦ⥋ߞߚ⚻✲ᚒ‫ߩޘ‬ᄙߊ߇૑߻ᴒⓍ࿾ߪ㧘ᄢᤄߪ⍾࡮☼࿯ߢᒻᚑߐࠇߚ᳚Ửේߢ޽ߞߚ႐ว߇ᄙ޿‫⃻߇ࠈߎߣޕ‬࿷ߩ㆏〝⸘↹╬ߪ㧘቟ଔߥᐔ࿾ࠍ᳞߼ࠆߚ߼㧘⚿ᨐ⊛ߦࠃࠅᴦ᳓቟ోᐲ߇ૐ޿࿾ၞߦੱࠍ㓸߼ߡߒ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬㐿－ 95 －⊒ߒ߿ߔ޿႐ᚲߪᵩ᳓ෂ㒾ᐲ߇㜞޿ߣ⹺⼂߇ߥߌࠇ߫㧘ᶐ᳓ⵍኂࠍ౏ᐔߦ㈩ಽߔࠆࠃ߁ߦദ߼ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘ߎߩ⍦⋫ߩਛߢ⍮ࠄߕ⍮ࠄߕߩ߁ߜߦ૑ⅣႺߩ቟ోᕈዪᚲ⊛ߥỗ↟ἴኂࠍ㒐޿ߢ޿ߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᣂߚߥᵩ᳓ኻࠍਅߍߡߒ߹߁น⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬╷ߩᜰᮡࠍ⠨߃ࠆࡅࡦ࠻ߣߥࠆ‫⿥ޕ‬ㆊᵩ᳓⊒↢ᤨߩⵍ ᴡᎹߪ᣿ᴦએ㒠⛮⛯⊛ߦ౏౒‛ኂシᷫ⸘↹ߩ㔍ߒ޿ὐߪ㧘࿾㔡ߣ㆑ߞߡ᭽‫࡝࠽ࠪߥޘ‬ߎࠇ߹ߢߩࠃ߁ߦ㐿⊒࿶ജߩ޽ࠆਛߢߪ㧘ᴡᎹߪ৻ࠝ߇޽ࠆߚ߼⋡ᮡߣߥࠆᢙ୯߇ቯ߼ߦߊ޿ߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⽾ߒߡ౏౒‛ߢ޽ࠅ⛯ߌߚ‫ޕ‬᭽‫ࠍ⊛⋡ߥޘ‬ᜬߟ࿯࿾࡮ߒ߆ߒᣢߦᶐ᳓੍᷹࿑╬ߦࠃߞߡⶄᢙߩࠪ࠽࡝ࠝߢᶐ೑ᮭߣߪ㧘߶ߣࠎߤ㑐ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬࿯࿾೑↪ᒻᘒ࡮⋡᳓੍᷹ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪน⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠍࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᵴ↪ߒ㧘቞⊛࡮೑ᮭ߇᷵Ꮞߊ࿖࿯ߦ߅޿ߡ㧘౏౒ߩ⑔␩ߩ╵߃ߪࠆߴ߈ኻ⽎ࠍ૑᳃ߣ౒ߦ᣿⊕ߦߒߡ޿ߌ߫㧘ⵍኂ㗵ߩ㧝ߟߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓߇ᴡᎹ⸘↹ߩߺߩᚻߦ⽶߃ߚᦼ㑆㧘౏ᐔᕈ߆ࠄߩ࿾ၞ⋡ᮡ⸳ቯ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߦߪઁߦఝవߔߴ߈੐ᨩ߇ᄙߊሽ࿷ ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ㑐ㅪߩᴺ૕♽߆ࠄ໧㗴᛽಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ࿯࿾೑↪ߩ⋡⊛߇৻ኻ৻ኻᔕᏒⴝൻ඙ၞߪᏒⴝൻ㧘ㄘ࿾ߪㄘᬺ㧘᫪ᨋߪᨋᬺ ଻቟ᰴߦ㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩㅪ៤ࠍ㔍ߒߊߒߡᨋࠍ㒰ߊ ߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߦฦ‫ޕࠆ޿ߡߒߣ⊛⋡ߩ⟵৻╙߇ޘ‬޿ࠆ໧㗴ࠍᴺ೙ᐲߩ㕙߆ࠄㄡࠆ‫ߩⴕ⃻ߕ߹ޕ‬ᴺ૕♽ߦ‫ޟ‬ᴦ᳓ߩߚ߼ߩ࿯࿾‫ᤨߚߒߣ߁ࠃࠇ౉ࠍޠ‬㧘╙৻⟵ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢߩ⢛᥊ࠍᢛℂߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓ࠍ૏⟎ߠߌࠄࠇࠆߩߪᴡᎹ ႐วߦࠃߞߡਅ᳓ ߛߌߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴺߦⷙቯߐࠇࠆ⋡⊛ߦᴪࠊߥ޿ߎߣ߇ఝవᴦ᳓㑐ㅪᴺ࡮೙ᐲߩᱧผߐࠇߥ޿ߩߪ㧘޽ࠆᗧ๧ߢߪᒰὼߩߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⃻࿷㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߩਛᔃߢ޽ࠆᴡᎹ੐ᬺࠍᡰ߃ࠆᴡᎹᴺߪ㧘࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮᧄᴺߢߪߥߊ৻ᣉ⸳ߩߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᴡᎹߦ৻⽾ߒߡ౏౒‛ߣߒߡᴦ᳓੐ᬺࠍᣉߐࠇ㧘ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪߇␠ળߩⷐ⺧ߦࠃߞߡ⋡⊛ࠍᴺᓞߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ⁁⃻ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬㧘ᱧผߩᵹࠇ߆ࠄߩᔅὼߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᵹࠇࠍ߹ߣ߼ߚ‫ޕ‬ㆀⴕߒߡ޿ߞߚ⚿ᨐ㧘ᴦ᳓߇ᴡᎹએᄖ߆ࠄಾࠅ㔌ߐࠇߡ޿ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᣿ᴦᦼ㧘࿖ߩᆭାࠍ߆ߌߚ੐ᬺߣߒߡᴦ᳓⸘↹߇ㅴᴦ᳓ᕁᗐ߼ࠄࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᴡᎹࠍࠗࡦࡈ࡜ߣ૏⟎ߠߌࠆⷙೣ߽╷ቯߐࠇߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ㧘࿾ၞߦ⫾Ⓧߐࠇߡ޿ߚᴦ᳓੐ᬺߪ
ㅜಾࠇߡߒ߹ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇ߆ࠄߩᣇะᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⼏⺰ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߘߩ߽ߩߪ൩⺰㧘ߘߩ᳿ቯᜰ㊎ߣߥࠆᴦ᳓ᕁᗐߦ ᄢᱜᦼ㧘ฦ⋭ᐡߩ⽿છ▸࿐ࠍ᣿⏕ߦߔࠆߚ߼ߦᮭ㒢ߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣ߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⃻ઍᴦ᳓ᕁᗐߢߪ㧘ࠍಽวߒߚ㓙㧘ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߩਅߦᴦ᳓ಽ㊁߇ᱷߞߚ‫ޕ‬⚻ᷣⷙᮨ࡮ੱญ╬ࠍ㐓ߺ㧘౏౒ᕈࠍ⛽ᜬߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߥ ᚢ೨߹ߢߪ࿖ኅ੐ᬺߣߒߡჽᄢߥਛ㐳ᦼ⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡᐕ⿥ㆊ⏕₸߆ࠄ⸘↹㒠㔎ࠍቯ߼ߡᴦ᳓੐ᬺࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠄࠇߚ‫߇▚੍ߒ߆ߒޕ‬፾ߺ㧘⚿ዪታ⃻ߢ߈ߥ޿⸘↹߽ᄙ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߦ㧘ߘߩ․ᓽߣ੹ᓟߩ޽ࠅᣇߩน⢻ᕈߟ޿ߡ ᚢᓟ㜞ᐲ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ᦼ㧘ᴦ᳓ߩఝవ㗅૏߇ਅ߇ࠅ㧘ᴦㅀߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᐕ⿥ㆊ⏕₸ࠍၮḰߣߒߚ⸘↹ߩ໧㗴ὐ᳓ߦ੍▚߇ഀ߆ࠇߥ޿ᤨᦼ߇⛯޿ߚ‫ޕ‬หߓᤨᦼ㧘᳓ᦨ߽໧㗴ߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߪ㧘⿥ㆊᵩ᳓ߦኻߔࠆᚢ⇛ኂߪ⿠ߎࠅ⛯ߌߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ਇ⿷ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᐕ⿥ㆊ⏕₸ߦߘߞߡᢛ஻ࠍⴕߞߚ႐ว㧘 ᐲ㊀ߥࠆ᳓ኂࠍฃߌߡ㧘࿯⍾፣ࠇኻ╷࡮ㆱ㔍ᣇᴺ╬㧘ᢛ஻߇ቢੌߔࠇ߫ᗐቯౝߩ㒠㔎ߢߪⵍኂߪ⊒↢ߒߥ޿ἴኂኻᔕဳߩᴺᓞ߇ᄙߊ૞ࠄࠇߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ㇺᏒဳ᳓ߩ߇⦟޿ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫⿥ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ㆊᵩ᳓ߦࠃࠆⵍኂߪ↟ᄢኂ߇㗫⊒ߒ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩᴺᓞߛߌߢߪᓢ‫ߦޘ‬ኻᔕߒ߈ߥ߽ߩߣߥࠆ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩⵍኂߦኻߒߡ․೎੍ࠇߥߊߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬▚߇߅ࠅ㧘ⵍἴᵹၞߢߪ⸘↹㒠㔎ࠍ᜛ᄢߒߡᢛ஻ߔࠆ  ᐕ㗃ࠃࠅ㧘✚ว⸘↹ߩ⹜ߺ߇ᆎ߹ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰೋߪߩ߇ਥᵹߢ޽ࠆ‫߁߽ޕ‬㧝ߟ㧘ㆊᄢߥ⋡ᮡ⸳ቯ߇໧㗴ߣᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߛߌߩ✚ว⸘↹ ✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷ ߇ᄢඨࠍභ߼ߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߥᴡᎹߦ߅޿ߡߪ
ᐕ⿥ㆊ⏕₸  ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡᢛ஻߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘  ᐕ㗃ࠃࠅ㧘ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ឭ᩺ߩ⸘↹ 㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐Ꮏ੐⾌࡮ᦼ㑆߇߆߆ࠅㆊ߉ታ⃻߇ෂ߱߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢛ஻੐ᬺ ߇ㅴߺᆎ߼ߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷߽⛮⛯ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘 ᣂߚߥᵩ᳓ኻ╷ᜰᮡߩน⢻ᕈㅴ᝞ߪ⧐ߒߊߥ޿‫ޕ‬⏕߆ߦᐕ⿥ㆊ⏕₸ߪ㧝ߟߩ⋡቟ߢߪ޽ࠆ‫ߦࠇߘޕ‬ട  ᐕ㧘ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪߇࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߦ৻ㇱᮭ㒢ࠍᜬ߃ߡ੹ᓟߪ㧘⿥ㆊᵩ᳓߇⊒↢ߔࠆߎߣ߽ᗐቯߒ㧘ⵍኂ

ߟᴺ⊛ᩮ᜚ ․ቯㇺᏒᴡᎹᶐ᳓ኻ╷ᴺ ߇ೋ߼ߡ᣿⸥ૐᷫߦะߌߚ⋡ᮡߣ⸘↹ࠍ┙ߡࠆߎߣ߽ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᳯᚭᤨઍ㧘૒⾐ᐔ㊁ߢᯏ⢻ߒߡ޿ߚᴦ᳓ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪ㧘－ 96 －


Fig. 1 The national land planning law, Article 1 to 3.
ߎߩࠃ߁ߦᴡᎹᴺ߇ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߩਛᔃߣߥߞߡേߊߎᧄ⸘↹ߩ╷ቯ‫ޠ‬‫ⷙޟ‬೙඙ၞ࡮⋙ⷞ඙ၞ࡮ᵈⷞ඙ၞ‫ ߩޠ‬ߣߣߥߞߚ⊒┵ߪ㧘᣿ᴦᦼߦᴡᎹࠍࠗࡦࡈ࡜ߣߒߡ૏ὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘࿖࿯ၮᧄ⸘↹ߣ⋥ធ㑐ㅪߔࠆ೨⠪⟎ߠߌ㧘߆ߟᮭ㒢ಽഀߩ㓙ߦᴡᎹߦᴦ᳓ಽ㊁߇ᱷߞߚ ߟߩ⸘↹ߩߺ⺑᣿ߔࠆ‫(ޕ‬KI ߪ࿖࿯೑↪ၮᧄ⸘↹ߎߣߢ޽ࠅ㧘⃻࿷ߩ✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷╬߽㧘ߎ߁ߒߚᱧผ╷ឭ␜ߩฦᜂᒰ⠪ห჻ߩ߿ࠅขࠅࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㇺ㆏ߦᒁ߈ߕࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᐭ⋵⸘↹ߢߪᦨ߽ᄙߊߩ▤ℂ⠪߇㑐ࠊࠅ㧘࿖࡮ㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵࡮Ꮢ↸᧛ߩᗧะ߇෻ᤋߐࠇࠆߩ߇⺒ߺขࠇࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩᴺ૕♽ߦ߅ߌࠆᴦ᳓੐ᬺ ࿖࿯ၮᧄ⸘↹㑐ㅪᴺߣᴦ᳓ߩ㑐ଥߢᏒ↸᧛⸘↹ߪ࿖߆ࠄ⋥ធᓇ㗀ߪߥ޿‫࡜ࡊ࡯࠲ࠬࡑޕ‬ࡦߦ߅ߌࠆ਄૏⸘↹⛮ᛚߩ㔍ߒߐ߽ߎߩ᭴࿑ߦ↱᧪ߔ⛯޿ߡ⃻ᴺ૕♽ߦ߅ߌࠆᴦ᳓੐ᬺ෸߮ᴡᎹᴺߣߩ㑐ࠆ‫ޕ‬ଥߦߟ޿ߡᴺᢥࠍ࿑ߦ⴫ߒߡ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ߽฽߼㧘(KI ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ㧘࿯࿾೑↪ၮᧄ⸘↹ߢߪㇺ㆏ᐭ޽ࠄࠁࠆ࿖࿯ᒻᚑߦ㑐ߔࠆ੐⽎ߩၮᧄᣇ㊎ߪ࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⋵߇࿯࿾೑↪ၮᧄ⸘↹ߦ߅޿ߡ  ⒳㘃ߦ࿯࿾೑↪඙ಽ⸘↹ᴺߦᴪߞߡቯ߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޕ‬࿯࿾೑↪ߦߪ╙৻⟵ߩ⋡⊛߇⸳C ࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⸘↹ᴺቯߐࠇ㧘⋡⊛ߦᴪ߁ࠃ߁ߥၮᧄᴺࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ో࿖⸘↹ ࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⸘↹ ߣ㚂ㇺ࿤╬ߦ㑐ߔࠆᐢၞ࿾ᴦ᳓ߣߩ㑐ଥߪ㧘⃻ⴕߩ╙  ᰴో࿖⸘↹ ࿖࿯೑↪⸘ᣇ⸘↹ࠍ╷ቯߔࠆߎߣ߇ⷙቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫⸘ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬↹ ౝ㧘 㗄⋡ߩភ⟎᭎ⷐ߇␜ߐࠇࠆਛߩ‫ ޟ‬㧠 ࿖࿯ߩ↹߇㧘࿖࿯೑↪⸘↹࡮࿯࿾೑↪⸘↹ߦ෻ᤋߐࠇ㧘㗅ߦ଻ోߣ቟ోᕈߩ⏕଻‫ߩޠ‬㗄ߦ⸥タ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅ  ὐߦਅ૏⸘↹߳ߣવ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓ߣߩ㑐ଥߪ㧘(KI ߦⷐ⚂ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬␜ߔ࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⸘↹ᴺ㧔✚ೣ╙  ᧦㨪 ᧦㧕ਛ߆ࠄ⺒ߺz ᴦ᳓ᣉ⸳╬ߩᢛ஻ߣᵹၞౝ࿯࿾೑↪ߣߩ⺞๺ขࠆߎߣ߇಴᧪ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ㊀ߥࠆ㗄⋡ߪ࿖࿯ో૕z ࿾ᒻ╬⥄ὼ᧦ઙߣ࿯࿾೑↪ߪ૏⟎ߣߩㆡวᕈߩ⸘↹ߩ‫ޟ‬ἴኂߩਛߩ᳓ኂ㧘㒐㒰࡮ᷫἴ‫ޠ‬ၮᧄℂᔨߩz ⿥ㆊᵩ᳓╬߳ߩኻᔕ‫ޟ‬቟ోߩ⏕଻‫ޠ‬ㅪ៤ߦ㑐ߔࠆ㗄⋡ߦߪ‫ޟ‬࿖ౝᄖߩㅪ៤‫ޠ‬ߒ߆ߒ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩ⸘↹ࠍฦ࿾ᣇ౏౒࿅૕ߦ߅޿ߡታ߇޽ࠆ‫ࠄ߆ߎߎޕ‬㧘ᴦ᳓ߪ⏕߆ߦᄢ੐ߥ㗄⋡ߣߒߡ⹺ⴕߔࠆߚ߼ߩ㧘᣿⏕ߥᨒ⚵ߺߪᧂߛᒻᚑߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬⼂ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߢ߈ࠆߣหᤨߦ㧘ᄙߊߩ㊀ⷐ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ࠍᵴ↪ߒߚᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߣߥࠆߣᶩ㙃₸ߥߤ㗄⋡ߩਛߩߚߞߚ㧝ߟߦߔ߉ߥ޿ߎߣ߽⹺⼂ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᶐㅘᕈ߇ᄢ߈ߊ㑐ଥߔࠆ‫ޕ‬᳓♽߿ᵹၞන૏ߢߩㅪ៤߇D ࿖࿯೑↪⸘↹ᴺ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߚ߼㧘න⁛ߩㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߢߩታᣉߪ㔍ߒ޿ߩߎߩᴺᓞߩⷐὐߪ‫ޟ‬࿖࿯೑↪ၮᧄ⸘↹࡮࿯࿾೑↪ၮߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬－ 97 － ࿯࿾೑↪೎ၮᧄ⸘↹ߣᴦ᳓ߩ㑐ଥC ㇺᏒ⸘↹ᴺਥߦ‫ޟ‬ㇺᏒ⸘↹඙ၞ‫ⷙࠍ↹⸘ߩޠ‬ቯߔࠆᴺᓞߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᑪ‛ߩ૏⟎ߣᒻ⁁߹ߢߪ㧘⋧ᒰߦ⚦߆ߊ႐วಽߌࠍߒߡⷙቯߢ߈ࠆߩ߇․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ㇺᏒ⸘↹඙ၞᄖߩㇱಽߪⷙ೙ߢ߈ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ㇺᏒ⸘↹඙ၞౝߪ㧘z Ꮢⴝൻ඙ၞ㧦ᣢᚑߩᏒⴝ࿾࡮ఝవ⊛Ꮢⴝൻ඙ၞz Ꮢⴝൻ⺞ᢛ඙ၞ㧦Ꮢⴝൻࠍᛥ೙ߔࠆ඙ၞߩ  ߟߦಽ㘃ߐࠇᏒⴝൻ඙ၞߩਛߪ࿾ၞ࿾඙ࠍᜰቯߔ
ࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬࿾ၞ࿾඙ߦߪ‫ޟ‬࿾ၞ࿾඙࡮ଦㅴ඙ၞ࡮ㇺᏒᣉ⸳‫ࠅ޽߇╬ޠ‬㧘ઁᴺᓞⷙቯࠍฃߌࠆ࿾඙߽ᄙߊ㧘੐⽎ߦኻᔕߒߡ⚦ಽൻߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬
ߎߩᴺᓞߣ㑐ㅪઃߌߡᴦ᳓੐ᬺࠍⴕ߁ߣߔࠇ߫એਅߩ  ⒳㘃߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬z ᵩ᳓ෂ㒾ߩ㜞޿࿾ၞࠍⷙ೙ߔࠆᒰ⹥࿾ቢ⚿ဳᵩ᳓ෂ㒾ᐲ߇㜞޿࿾ၞࠍ․೎ᴺߢⷙቯߒ㧘ᑪ‛ߩ㈩⟎࡮ᒻ⁁ࠍⷙቯߔࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬㧘ᵩ᳓ෂ㒾ᐲߪ㒠㔎․ᕈ࡮
ᵹၞߩᶐㅘᕈߩផ⒖ߦࠃࠆߚ߼㧘࿾ၞߩෂ㒾ᕈࠍ↹৻⊛ߦቯ߼ࠆߎߣߪ㔍ߒ޿‫ޕ‬z ᶐㅘᕈⷙ೙ߢㇺᏒၞో૕ߩᵩ᳓ෂ㒾ᐲૐᷫဳ
Fig. 2 The national land use basic plan: its related persons andㇺᏒ⸘↹ᴺߪ⋡⊛ߦᴪߞߡᜰቯ඙ၞߦⷙ೙ࠍട߃ࠆ

activities.

Fig. 3 The land use basic plan: purpose, related local governments and land classifications.
－ 98 －Fig. 4

Structure of the city planning law.૕♽ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼㧘ᐢ▸࿐ߦᶐㅘᕈࠍⷙ೙ߒߡᵩ᳓ෂ㒾

Table 1 Forest planning and planning body.

ᐲࠍਅߍࠆߎߣߪ㔍ߒ޿‫ޕ‬ਅᵹㇺᏒߢߩᵩ᳓ᵹ಴ߦᓇ㗀߇ᄢ߈޿࿾ၞࠍ࿾඙⸘↹ߒ⋡ᮡߦ‫ޟ‬㜞ᶐㅘᕈߩ࿯࿾⸘↹ਥ૕⸘↹೑↪‫ࠍޠ‬ឝߍࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ࿾඙⥄૕ߦߪࡔ࡝࠶࠻߇ߥ޿ߩߢታ⃻ߪ㔍ߒ޿‫ޕ‬ㄘᨋ᳓↥ᄢ⤿

ᴡᎹᴺߣߩ㑐ଥߣ޿߁㕙ߢߪ㧘⃻࿷㧘ㇺᏒ⸘↹ᴺߩ⸘↹ᦝᣂᐕᐕో࿖ో࿖᫪ᨋ⸘↹⸘↹ో࿖ᢛ஻଻ో੐ᬺਛߢ㧘ᴡᎹߪㇺᏒᣉ⸳ߩ  ߟߣ⷗ߥߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߛߚޕ‬⸘↹ߒ㧘ㇺᏒᣉ⸳ߩ  ߟߛ߆ࠄㇺᏒ⸘↹ᴺߩਅ૏ߦᴡᎹᴺㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵⍮੐࿾ၞ᫪ᨋ⸘↹߇޽ࠆࠊߌߢ߽ߥ޿‫ߪߣߎߩߘޕ‬㧘ㇺᏒ⸘↹ᴺ㧝㧟᧦᫪ᨋ▤ℂዪ㐳࿖᦭ᨋߩ࿾ၞ೎ߩ᫪ᨋ⸘↹ߦ⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴡᎹߪㇺᏒᣉ⸳ߩ  ߟߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᴡᎹᴺߪㇺᏒᣉ⸳ᴡᎹߩᴺᓞߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬หᤨߦ㧘ㇺᏒ⸘↹ߔࠆߎߣࠍቯ߼߅ࠅ㧘ฦㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ห჻߇ᵹၞන૏ߩ▤ߪᴡᎹߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿖ߩ⸘↹ߦߪㆡวߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߕ㧘ℂࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߩᚻᴺߣߒߡ╙ච᧦ߩචਃߦ߅޿ߡ᫪ᨋᔅߕߒ߽ㇺᏒ⸘↹ߩਅ૏ߦᴡᎹ⸘↹߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߩߢߪᢛ஻දቯࠍ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣߩㅪ៤ࠍ⠨߃ߚߣߥ޿‫ޕ‬߈㧘ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪඙ၞߦ߅޿ߡ߽ߎߩදቯߩᚻᴺߪෳD ᫪ᨋᴺ⠨ߦߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬⋡⊛ߪ㧘᫪ᨋ⸘↹ࠍㅢߒߡ࿖࿯ߩ଻ో࡮⚻ᷣ⊒ዷߦᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ㑐ㅪߔࠆߩߪ଻቟ᨋ࡮଻቟ᣉ⸳࿾඙ߢ޽⾗ߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਥߦ࿖᦭ᨋ࡮᳃᦭ᨋߦಽ㘃ߒ㧘▤ࠆ‫଻ޕ‬቟ᨋߩᜰቯ⋡⊛ߦߪ㧘‫ޟ‬᳓Ḯߩᶩ㙃࡮࿯⍾ᵹ಴ߩℂ࡮ㆇ༡ࠍⷙቯߔࠆ‫ޕ‬᫪ᨋߩᒻᘒ⛽ᜬ߇ၮᧄ⊛ߥࠬ࠲㒐஻࡮࿯⍾፣უߩ㒐஻࡮㘑ኂ㧘᳓ኂ㧘ầኂ㧘ᐓኂ㧘㔐ࡦࠬߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ኂ෶ߪ㔵ኂߩ㒐஻‫ߣޠ‬ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ㑐ㅪߔࠆ߽ߩ߇฽߹߹ߚ㧘᫪ᨋᴺߢߪᵹၞන૏ߢߩ▤ℂ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠇࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ㧘ᴡᎹᴺߦ߅޿ߡ଻቟ᨋᜰቯߩද⼏߇ߢ╙྾᧦ ో࿖᫪ᨋ⸘↹╬ ߢߪ‫ ޟ‬೨⇛ ਥߣߒߡᵹၞ೎߈ࠆߩߪ㧘᮸ᨋᏪߩߺߣ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬᮸ᨋᏪߣߪ᏷

ߦో࿖ߩ඙ၞࠍಽߌߡቯ߼ࠆ඙ၞߏߣߦ ᓟ⇛ ‫↹⸘ޠ‬㨙 ࠳ࡓ๟ㄝߩ႐วߩߺ 㨙 એਅߩᏪ⁁ߩᨋߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬

－ 99 －

Fig. 5 Formulation items in the forest planning.
Fig. 6 The law of agricultural promotion areas.E ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞߩᢛ஻ߦ㑐ߔࠆᴺᓞࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞߩᄢ߈ߥ․ᓽߪ৻ቯ㕙Ⓧએ਄ߩ㓸࿅✚ว⊛ߦㄘᬺߩᝄ⥝ࠍ࿑ࠆߎߣ߇⋡⊛ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ㄘᬺ⊛ߥ࿯࿾ߩᢛ஻࡮଻ోࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄘ࿾ߦᝄ⥝࿾ၞᢛ஻ၮᧄᣇ㊎ߩ╷ቯߣ㧘ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞߦ߅ߌ㑐ߔࠆᴺᓞߦߪㄘ࿾ᴺ߽޽ࠆ߇㧘࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ࠃࠅ߽ࠆ࿯࿾೑↪ⷙ೙߇ਛᔃߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬୘‫ߩޘ‬⠹૞⠪ߩᮭ೑଻⼔߇ਛᔃߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞᢛ஻ၮᧄᣇ㊎ߪ㧘ၮᧄᣇ㊎࡮ㄘᬺᝄ⥝ߎߩᴺᓞߪㄘᬺᝄ⥝߇ਥߥ⋡⊛ߣߥߞߡ߅ࠅᴦ᳓ߣ࿾ၞߩᜰቯ࡮ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞᢛ஻⸘↹ߩ  ὐߢᢛℂߢ߈ߩ㑐ㅪߪዋߥ޿߇㧘ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞ⥄り߇࿯⍾ᵹ಴࡮࿯－ 100 －⍾፣უߥߤἴኂ⊒↢ߩෂ㒾ߦᦑߐࠇࠆ႐วߦ㒢ߞߡ࿯วߪ⸵นߐࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞߩᢛ஻ߦ㑐ߔࠆᴺᓞ࿾೑↪ߦ⸒෸ߢ߈ࠆᴺᓞߢ޽ࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘ㄘ࿾ᴺߢ߽ォ

ߣㄘ࿾ᴺߪᓇ㗀วߞߡ߅ࠅ㧘ἴኂኻ╷ࠍ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷↪⸵น߇ᔅⷐߥ޿႐ว߽ᄙ޿߇㧘ォ↪ߦࠃࠅ࿯⍾ߩᵹߣߒߡⴕ߁ᮭ㒢ࠍ᦭ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬಴෶ߪ፣უߘߩઁߩἴኂࠍ⊒↢ߐߖࠆ߅ߘࠇ߇޽ࠆ႐ ᴡᎹᴺߣᴦ᳓੐ᬺ  ᐕ  ᦬ᦨ⚳ᡷᱜ ߎࠇ߹ߢ⺑᣿ߒߡ߈ߚᴺᓞߣᲧߴࠆߣᴡᎹᴺߩ⋡⊛ߪ‫ޟ‬ᴦ᳓࡮೑᳓࡮ⅣႺ଻ో‫ࠅ޽ߢޠ‬㧘ᴦ᳓ߪ㧟ߟߩਛߩ㧝ߟߦᢙ߃ࠄࠇ㧘ఝవᐲ߇㜞޿‫ޕ‬ᴡᎹᴺߪᴦ᳓⸘↹ో૕ߩਛߢ߽㊀ⷐߥㇱಽࠍⷙቯߔࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ోㇱࠍ⸘↹࡮ታᣉߢ߈ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᴡᎹᴺߩᓇ㗀ߩ෸߱▸࿐ࠍ඙ၞ⸳ቯ࡮⸘↹࡮㑐ଥ⠪ߩᓎഀ࡮⾌↪⽶ᜂߩ ὐߦಽߌߡ⺑᣿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

Fig. 7 Purpose of the river law.

Fig. 8 Bounds of the river law.

－ 101 －

Fig. 9Stakeholders of the river law.᳃߳ߩ౏⡬ળ╬߇ㅊടߐࠇ㧘ࠃࠅᄙߊߩੱߩᗧ⷗߇෻C ඙ၞ⸳ቯᤋߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ߪ↪⾌ޕ‬㧘࿖ߣ࿾ᣇ౏౒࿅૕ߩ

ⷙቯߢ߈ࠆ඙ၞߪ (KI ߩࠃ߁ߦಽ㘃ߢ߈ࠆ‫▤ઁޕ‬ᡰ಴࡮⵬ഥ࡮⚊ઃએᄖߦ㧘ฃ⋉⠪߇▤ℂ⠪ߩ⛔᜝ߔࠆℂ⠪ߩ඙ၞ߽ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠇ߫ද⼏ߦࠃߞߡᴡᎹ඙ၞߦᜰ▸࿐ࠍ⿥߃ߚࠅ㧘ㅒߦ㒢ቯ⊛ߦߥߞߚࠅߔࠆ႐วߦฃቯߢ߈ࠆ‫ߒߛߚޕ‬᷼ḧ࡮Ṫ᷼ߪႇᄖ࿾㧘᫪ᨋߪ᮸ᨋᏪ⋉⠪߇⋧ᔕߩ⽶ᜂࠍߔࠆ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ㧘ᴡᎹᴺߩ೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪ߪ (KI ߩࠃ߁ߦᴦ᳓㑐ߥߤ㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬D ⸘↹㧔ᴡᎹᢛ஻ၮᧄᣇ㊎ߣᴡᎹᢛ஻⸘↹㧕ㅪ߇߶ߣࠎߤ޿ߥ޿‫ߪࠇߘޕ‬㧘ᴡᎹᴺ߇ᴡᎹߩߚ߼ߩ

ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪߇╷ቯߔࠆᴡᎹᢛ஻ၮᧄᣇ㊎ߣᴡᎹᢛ஻ᴺᓞߢ޽ߞߡᵹၞߩߚ߼ߩᴺᓞߢߪߥ޿߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬⸘↹ߪ㧘ㆊ෰ߩἴኂ࡮ⵍኂߣ࿯࿾ߩᕈ⾰╬߆ࠄᢛ஻⋡ᴡᎹ඙ၞ࡮ᴡᎹ଻ో඙ၞ࡮ᴡᎹ੍ቯ඙ၞએᄖߪᴡᎹᴺᮡࠍ⸳ቯߔࠆ߇㧘ߘߩ⸃㉼߇ᄌࠊߞߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ㗔ၞߩᄖߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬઒ߦ਄ᵹ૑᳃ߣਅᵹ૑᳃ߩ㑆ߢ೑ኂ߇⊒↢ߒߡ߽㧘ᴡᎹߦ߅ߌࠆᴦ᳓੐ᬺߦㆊᄬ߇ߥߌᓥ㧦ᴦ᳓ో૕ߩ߁ߜ㒐ᱛߔߴ߈ⷙᮨࠍ⸥タ‫ޕ‬ࠇ߫⸒෸ߢ߈ߥ޿‫․ޕ‬ቯㇺᏒᴡᎹᶐ᳓ⵍኂኻ╷ᴺ߇ᣉᣂ㧦ᴦ᳓ߦ㑐ߔࠆᴡᎹߩ⽿છ▸࿐ࠍ⸥タ‫ޕ‬ⴕߐࠇ㧘਄ᵹ૑᳃߇ᶐㅘ㒖ኂⴕὑࠍߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޟ‬ᴡᎹ߇ឝߍࠆ⋡ᮡߩታ⃻߇㔍ߒߊߥࠆ‫ޠ‬႐ว㧘ᴡᎹᴡᎹᴺߩᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߱㗔ၞ߇㒢ቯ⊛ߢ޽ࠆએ਄㧘‫ޟ‬ᣂ‫ޠ‬▤ℂ⠪ߪ⊒⸒ᮭࠍᜬߡࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ߪࠇߘߒ߆ߒޕ‬ߩ⠨߃ᣇ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޟߪࠇߎߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᴡᎹᢛ஻ၮᧄ⚿ዪ㧘ᴡᎹߣ޿߁✢਄ߩ⸘↹ࠍㆀⴕߔࠆߚ߼ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ᣇ㊎෸߮ᴡᎹᢛ஻⸘↹૞ᚑߩḰೣ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬᥉ㅢߩੱߪᵹၞߣ޿߁㕙਄ߦ⸘↹߿ᣇ㊎ࠍ⋓ߞߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߥ߆ߥ߆⺒߹ߥ޿ᴺᓞߦᦠ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ߹߹ߢߪ㧘޿‫ޕ‬ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪ᜂᒰ⠪ߪᴡᎹ߇ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߩ߶ߣࠎߤࠍᜂᒰߔࠆߣ⠨߃㧘ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߪᢛ஻⸘↹ᄖߦ⽿છߪߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡߒ߹ߞߚ႐ว㧘⹺⼂ߩ࠭࡟߆ࠄ໧㗴߇⊒↢ߒᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩㅪ៤ߩ੐଀ಽᨆ߆ߨߥ޿‫߫߃଀ޕ‬࿖࿯೑↪⸘↹ᴺߦ㧘ߘ߁ߒߚ⸥ㅀ߇ᰴߦ㧘ౕ૕⊛ߥᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩㅪ៤ߩ⹜޽ࠇ߫ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪ᜂᒰ⠪߽ᴦ᳓⋡ᮡࠍද⼏࡮ឭ␜ߢߺߣߒߡ㢬⷗Ꮉߩ✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߣ㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ᢛ஻੐ᬺ߈ߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ੐଀ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬੐଀ߩਛߦ޽ࠆᚑഞ߿

E

ᄬᢌߩℂ↱ࠍ㧘ᴺ૕♽╬ߩᨒ⚵ߩⷞὐ߆ࠄᬌ⸛ߒ᳢↪

㑐ଥ⠪ߩᓎഀ࡮⾌↪⽶ᜂ

ㄭᐕߩᴺᡷᱜߢ㧘ክ⼏ળߦࠃࠆ⺞ᩏ࡮ክ⼏ߣ㑐ଥ૑ൻࠍ⹜ߺࠆ‫ޕ‬－ 102 －㢬⷗Ꮉߩ✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷↹ᚻ⛯╬㧘㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ࡑࠬ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࡦߣߩ౒ㅢὐ߇✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߪ㧘ᣢߦ྾ඨ਎♿߇⚻ߟ߇੹߽ᡷ⦟ߐ㕖Ᏹߦᄙߊ㧘ߎߩᴺᓞߩᣉⴕߘߩ߽ߩ߇㧘㢬⷗Ꮉ✚วࠇߥ߇ࠄㅴࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ߛᧂޕ‬ㆊ෰ߩ߽ߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ㆬ߫ᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߩᚑᨐߣ߽⸒߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠇߚ࿾ၞߩవⴕ੐଀ߣߒߡ㧘ߘߩᤨ‫ࠍ╷⦟ᦨߩޘ‬ᮨ⚝ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩㅪ៤ߩേ߈߽ߎ㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐✚ว੐ᬺߩᑧ㐳✢਄ߦ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ᢛ஻੐ᬺߪ㧘⎕ႇߦࠃࠆᏒⴝ࿾ߩუṌ⊛ ✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߥⵍኂࠍ㒐ߋ⿥ㆊᵩ᳓ኻ╷ߣߒߡ  ᐕߦഃ⸳ߐࠇߚ㢬⷗Ꮉߪ⴫  ߩࠃ߁ߥ␹ᄹᎹ⋵࡮᧲੩ㇺࠍᵹࠇࠆ৻࿖ߩ⋥ロᴡᎹ੐ᬺߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ႇౝ࿾߳ะ߆߁ⵣᴺ൨㈩߇⚖ᴡᎹߢ޽ࠆ‫ోޕ‬࿖ߦవ㚟ߌߚኻ╷ࠍⴕ޿ࡊࡠ࠻࠲ࠗ㕖Ᏹߦ✭߿߆ߥߩ߇․ᓽߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ᦨᄢߩ໧㗴ࡊߩᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ߪㅴ᝞ߩㆃߐߢ޽ࠆ‫ ޕ‬ᐕᲑ㓏ߢ㧘✚ᑧ㐳 MOߩ߁ߜ੐ᬺቢᚑ࡮੐ᬺਛ඙㑆߇ MO ߢ޽ࠅ৻ㅪߩㅪ
Table 2⛯ႇ㒐ߣߥߞߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ℂ↱ߪએਅߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬Characteristics of the Tsurumi River.
ᵹၞ⻉రᢙ୯ᧄ✢ᐙᎹᵹ〝ᑧ㐳

MOTable 3 Advantage of super dykes.

ᵹၞ㕙ⓍMO

ᴦ᳓቟ႇౝ࿾߳ߩ⿧ᵹㅦᐲߩ✭๺ਐ㒺࡮ᄢ࿾㕙Ⓧ

MO

ోᕈะ⠴㔡ᒝᐲߩะ਄

ᴒⓍᐔ㊁㕙ⓍMO਄ᶐㅘߦࠃࠆ⎕ႇߩෂ㒾ᕈૐਅ ਁੱ᳓ㄝⅣᴺ㕙਄ߢㅢᏱߩ࿯࿾೑↪ ੱMOႺะ਄ႇ㒐⌀ᮮߩ૑ⅣႺᡷༀᵹၞౝੱญᵹၞౝੱญኒᐲ㢬⷗Ꮉߦ߅ߌࠆ✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷ߩᦨ߽ᄢ߈ߥᚑᨐߪ㧘ᵹၞߢද⼏ߔࠆ૕⾰ࠍ૞ߞߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆ 㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ᆔຬળḰ஻ળ㧘 ‫ోޕ‬࿖ߦవ㚟ߌߡᑪ⸳⋭࿾ᣇᢛ஻ዪ㐳ߣ㧝ㇺ㧝⋵㧟Ꮢߩ೽⍮੐࡮೽Ꮢ㐳ߦࠃࠅ‫ޟ‬㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ✚วᴦ᳓ኻ╷ද⼏ળ‫ޕߚࠇߐ┙⸳߇ޠ‬หᆔຬળߢߪ㧘ᴡᎹߩ✕ᕆ⊛ߥኻ╷ߣวࠊߖ㧘ᵹၞኻ╷ࠍ⋓ࠅㄟߺ㧘✚วᴦ᳓ߣߒߡߩᴦ᳓ᥳቯ⸘↹ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޟ‬㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞᢛ஻⸘↹‫╷ࠍޠ‬ቯߒߚ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ද⼏ߪ㧘Fⶄᢙ⸘↹ߩหᤨㅴⴕߦࠃࠆද⼏⛮⛯Gቯᦼ⊛ߥㅴ᝞⏕⹺H࠺࡯࠲෼㓸IᴡᎹ஥ߣᵹၞ஥߇Ᏹߦኻߣߥࠆ઀⚵ߺFig 10 Procedures to develop super dykes.

╬ߩദജߦࠃߞߡ⛮⛯ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ 㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ࡑࠬ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࡦ
 ᐕઍᓟඨ㧘ᴦ᳓࡮೑᳓࡮ⅣႺ╬ߩᵹၞ໧㗴ࠍ✚ 㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ߩ໧㗴ὐC 㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐․೎඙ၞߦ࿯࿾೑↪⸘↹߇ᔅⷐว⊛ߦ⸃᳿ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ࡑࠬ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࡦᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߩឭ᩺ᓟ㧘࿯࿾೑↪⸘↹߇᳿ቯߒߥߌࠇ㧔㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ද⼏ળ㧘㧕ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇╷ቯ߫දቯߩ✦⚿ߦߪ⥋ࠄߥ޿ߚ߼㧘ㇺᏒဳ੐ᬺߣߩ౒หߐࠇߚ‫ߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧘 ㇺ  ⋵  Ꮢߩⴕ᡽ᜂᒰ㐳ߛߌߢታᣉࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ᔅߕߒ߽ᗐቯⵍኂ㗵߇ߥߊ㧘Ꮢ᳃࿅૕㧘ડᬺ㧘ቇ⼂⚻㛎⠪߇ᄙߊෳടߒ╷ቯᄢ߈޿▎ᚲ߿㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐߇ᣢߦᢛ஻ߐࠇߚ࿾඙ߩ㓞ធ߹ߢߦ  ࿁ߩᆔຬળ߇㐿௅ߐࠇߚ‫ߣ࠲࡯࠺ߥ߆⚦ޕ‬ផ඙㑆ߦ߅޿ߡ੐ᬺ߇ㅴዷߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߢߪߥߊ㧘ካࠈㇺ⸘⚿ᨐࠍᜬߟߎߩᵹၞߢߪ㧘ᄢ㗄⋡߆ࠄࡉ࡟࡯ࠢ࠳࠙Ꮢ⸘↹஥ߩㇺวߦᒁߞᒛࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘ࡦߒߚ‫ޟ‬⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆᣉ╷‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇࠆ㗄⋡߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬✕ᕆᢛ஻ߩᔅⷐᕈ߇޽ࠆ࿾ၞߛߣߒߡ߽㧘඙↹ᢛℂ߇ߎࠇߦࠃࠅࡑࠬ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࡦ߇੐ᬺߦ⚿߮ߟߊน⢻ᕈ߇⚳ࠊߞߚ߫߆ࠅߢ޽ࠇ߫ㇺᏒ⸘↹஥ߩදജߪᓧߦߊ޿㧘㜞߼ࠄࠇߚὐ߇․㐳ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߣ޿߁⁁ᴫ߽ႎ๔ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᵹၞ᳓ኂኻ╷⸘↹߳ߩ⊒ዷD ੍ቯ඙ၞߩᮭ೑⠪ߩหᗧ߇ᔅⷐᵹၞ᳓ኂኻ╷⸘↹ߩ╷ቯߪ㧘 ᐕᣉⴕߩ․ቯㇺᏒᰴߦ㧘߿ߞߣᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߣㇺᏒ⸘↹ᜂᒰ⠪ߩ㑆ߢදᴡᎹᶐ᳓ⵍኂኻ╷ᴺ╙㧠᧦ߩਛߢ․ቯㇺᏒᴡᎹߦᜰቯቯ✦⚿߇ߥߐࠇ⸘↹߇ߢ߈਄߇ߞߡ߽㧘೑ᮭ⠪ߩหᗧߐࠇߚᴡᎹᵹၞߦ⟵ോઃߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫↹⸘ޕ‬੐㗄㧘⸘ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߽ኈᤃߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬૑᳃ߦߣߞߡᴦ᳓ߪ⸃᳿

－ 103 －ߔߴ߈⺖㗴ߩਛߩ㧝ߟߢ޽ࠅ㧘ઁߩ⸘↹ߣᄤ⒊ߦ߆ߌ

޽ࠆᴡᎹᵹၞߥࠄ߫㧘ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪ᜂᒰㇱዪ߇ߤߩࠃߡ᳿߼ࠆᮭ೑߇޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐․೎඙ၞߩ߁ߥᴦ᳓⋡ᮡࠍߚߡ㧘ⴕേߔࠆ߆ߩ⏕⹺ߪᄢ੐ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ኻ⽎ߣߥࠆ૑᳃ߛߌߢߥߊ㧘ߎߩႇ㒐ᑪ⸳ߩᚑุߦଥࠆࠬ࠹࡯ࠢࡎ࡞࠳࡯ߪ㧘߽ߞߣᐢ޿▸࿐ߦሽ࿷ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ౕ૕੐଀ߦ⷗ࠆㅪ៤ߩߚ߼ߩ໧㗴ὐߣน⢻ᕈᓐࠄߩᮭ೑ࠍዅ㊀ߔࠆᨒ⚵ߺߪ⃻Ბ㓏ߢߪሽ࿷ߒߥ޿‫ޕ‬㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ᆔຬળߩਛߦߪ‫ޟ‬೙ᐲ⎇ⓥળ‫߇ޠ‬ሽ࿷E ✚ᑧ㐳ߩ  ഀ߇Ꮢⴝൻ඙ၞᄖߒߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ᵹၞ᳓ࡑࠬ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࡦߪᴦ᳓੐ᬺߛߌߢߥᢛ஻඙㑆ߩ✚ᑧ㐳ߩ㧢ഀࠍභ߼ߡ޿ࠆᏒⴝൻ⺞ᢛ඙ߊ㧘೑᳓࡮ⅣႺ߽฽߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘೙ᐲ⎇ⓥળߩᬌၞߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ᢛ஻ߩߚ߼ߩᣇᴺ⺰ߪᧂߛ⏕┙ߐ⸛ౝኈߪᴦ᳓㑐ㅪ߇ਥߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬એਅߦߘߩᬌ⸛⺖㗴ߦࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ਥߥℂ↱ߪ㧘ߎߩ  ഀߩ߁ߜߩ㧥ഀㄭߊߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ⸃᳿ߩᣇะᕈࠍ⺰ߓࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠍභ߼ࠆㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿯࿾ߪㄘᬺᝄ⥝એ ㇺᏒ⸘↹㑐ㅪᄖߩ⋡⊛ߢ࿯࿾ᒻ⾰ߩᄌᦝߪ㔍ߒ޿‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘઒ߦ⋓࿯㧨଻᳓࡮ㆆ᳓㧪․ቯㇺᏒᴡᎹߣߒߡᜰቯߐࠇࠇ߫ᶐࠍߔࠆߚ߼ߦ৻ᤨ⊛ߦㄘᬺࠍ஗ᱛߐߖߚ႐วߩ៊ᄬߣ㧘ㅘ㒖ኂࠍⷙ೙ߣ޿߁ᒻߢ଻᳓࡮ㆆ᳓⁁ᴫߩᖡൻࠍ㒐ߍ

⿥ㆊᵩ᳓ᤨߦㄘ࿾߇ฃߌࠆⵍኂ㗵ࠍᲧセߒߡ㧘 ᐕࠆ߇㧘⃻⁁એ਄ߦ଻᳓⢻ജࠍ㜞߼ߡ޿ߊߎߣߪߢ߈ߥߦ৻ᐲߩᵩ᳓ߪ៊ߢߪߥ޿ߣߥߞߚࠄ㧘ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞ޿‫ޕ‬᫪ᨋᴺ޽ࠆᵹၞන૏ߢㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵߇දቯࠍ⚿߱઀⚵ߦኻߔࠆࡔ࡝࠶࠻߇⊒↢ߒߥ޿‫ߩߎޕ‬႐ว㧘ㄘ࿾ߩవߺࠍㇺᏒ⸘↹ߦ߽ዉ౉ߢ߈ߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬ߦ޽ࠆᏒⴝ࿾ߦᄢ߈ߥࡔ࡝࠶࠻߇޽ࠆߥࠄ߫㧘ߘߩ࿾㧨ෂ㒾඙ၞߩᜰቯ㧪ᵩ᳓ߪ⁁ᴫߦࠃߞߡߘߩࠪ࠽࡝ၞ߇ฃ⋉⠪ߣߥࠅㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞߩ៊ᄬࠍ⵬ఘߒߥ޿㒢ࠝ߇᭽‫߼ߚࠆ޽ߢޘ‬㧘ෂ㒾ᐲࠍ↹৻⊛ߦቯ߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ࠅ㧘ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞ߇㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ᢛ஻੐ᬺߦදജߔࠆࠗᐢߊߡ✭޿ⷙ೙ߦߔࠆߩ߆㧘㒢ቯ⊛ߦ᛽಴ߒߚ࿾ၞߦࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬෩ߒ޿ⷙ೙ࠍ߆ߌࠆ߆⼏⺰ߩ૛࿾ߪ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㒐Ἣኻ╷ߩ೨଀߇޽ࠆߩߢᣇ㊎ߐ߃⏕ቯߔࠇ߫ᣂߒ޿ᴺᓞࠍട߃ࠆߩߪน⢻ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞߩᢛ஻ߦ㑐ߔࠆᴺᓞ࡮ㄘ࿾ᴺ
㧨଻᳓࡮ㆆ᳓㧪ⵍኂᗐቯ㗵ࠍవߦᡰᛄ߁ᣇᴺߢ㧘⃻࿷㧘⹜㛎⊛ߦዋߒߕߟᚑ┙ߒߡ߈ߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴪᎹㄘ࿾ߩᴦ᳓⸘↹✬౉߽หߓේℂߢㅴ߼ࠄࠇߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᫪ᨋᴺ㧨଻᳓ᨋߩᜰቯ㧪චಽ޽ࠅᓧࠆ‫ߢ߹ߎߘޕ‬㔍ߒ޿ᴺᓞᄌᦝߢߪߥ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘᫪ᨋߪ⸥㍳⊛ߥᄢ㔎ߩ㓙ߦߪ㧘߶ߣࠎߤᓎߦ┙ߚߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ᴡᎹᴺ㧨✚ว⊛ᴦ᳓ᣉ⸳ᢛ஻࡮▤ℂ㧪ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪߇ᴦ᳓ో

Fig. 11 Determining factor to promote super dykes૕ߩ⛔᜝ࠍߔࠆߥࠄ߫㧘᭽‫ߥޘ‬࿯࿾೑↪▤ℂ⠪ߦᬺോ 㢬⷗Ꮉߩ੐଀ߢ㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐໧㗴ࠍ⷗ࠆࠍᆔ⸤ߒႎ๔ࠍᓽ෼ߔࠆᣇᴺߪ޽ࠅᓧࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ߩ໧㗴ߣ㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞߩᚑഞὐߪ౒ㅢߔࠆ ⥄ὼ౏࿦ᴺ࡮⥄ὼⅣႺ଻ోᴺ㧨଻᳓࡮ㆆ᳓㧪⼱ᚭ߿ㄘ࿾ߩ଻ో߇⋡⊛ߥࠄ߫㧘ㇺㇱಽ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬C ⶄᢙߩ⸘↹ࠍᜬߟᔅⷐᕈᏒ౏࿦ߢߪߥߊ㧘Ꮢⴝൻ඙ၞߩਛߢ߽⥄ὼ౏࿦ߦᜰቯ㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞߢߪᴦ᳓ߛߌߢߥߊ᭽‫ⷺߥޘ‬ᐲ߆ࠄㇺᏒߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦᴺᡷᱜߔࠆᣇ߇⦟޿ߩߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬⸘↹ᜂᒰㇱዪߣද௛ߒߡ޿ߚ‫߫ࠇߌߥ߇↹⸘ߩઁޕ‬ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߥ޿㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ᢛ஻੐ᬺߛ߆ࠄߎߘ㧘ઁߩ⸘↹ߦ߽㑐ࠊࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡಽߌ౉ࠆ㓗㑆ࠍ⷗಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆‫ޕ‬⠨ኤ⚿ᨐD ቯᦼ⊛ㅴ᝞⏕⹺ߣఝవᐲ࡮⋡ᮡߩౣ⸳ቯએ਄ߩࠃ߁ߦ␠ળ⊛⢛᥊ߣ໧㗴㧘ᴺ૕♽㧘੐଀ߦߟ㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ᢛ஻੐ᬺߪჽᄢߥ⸘↹ߛ߇ᔅߕ✕ᕆᐲߪ޿ߡ㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩㅪ៤ࠍⷞὐߦ໧㗴ὐ޽ࠆ‫ࠆ޽੹ޕ‬㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐߇ᨐߚߔᓎഀࠍ⺞ᩏߒ㧘੹ᓟ߿น⢻ᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ਥߥᴦ᳓੐ᬺࠍᴡᎹ࡮ਅ᳓ߩఝవ㗅૏ࠍ᣿⏕ߦߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㆏▤ℂ⠪߇ᜂᒰߒߡ޿ࠆ⃻࿷ߩ⁁ᴫߪᱧผ⊛ߥᵹࠇ߆E ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߦࠃࠆᵹၞ஥ߩᴦ᳓⋡ᮡ⏕⹺ࠄ⷗ࠇ߫ᔅὼߩ⚿ᨐߢ޽ߞߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߎߩ⁁ᴫ߇໧㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ᢛ஻੐ᬺߪ㧘ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪ᜂᒰㇱዪ߇ߣ㗴ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆએ਄㧘ߘߩ໧㗴ὐߣ⸃᳿ߦะߌߡߩᣇࠆⴕേ߇ᢛ஻੐ᬺߩㅴ᝞ߦᄢ߈ߊᓇ㗀ߔࠆ‫✕ޕ‬ᕆᕈ߇ะᕈࠍ⠨߃ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ᴺ૕♽߿ౕ૕੐－ 104 －଀ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬એਅߦ㧘ߘߩ໧㗴ߣน⢻ᕈࠍ߹ߣ޽ࠆㇱ⟑ߩ⸘↹ߦઁߩㇱ⟑߇ਸ਼ࠆߎߣߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㔍ߒ޿߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩߢ㧘⸘↹ࠍ╷ቯߔࠆᲑ㓏߆ࠄ৻✜ߦද⼏ߒߡ޿ߊߎ ᴺ૕♽ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⠨ኤߣ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬วหߩද⼏ߢߪ㧘ቴⷰ⊛ߦ⚊ᓧߔࠆᴦ᳓੐ᬺߣ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ࠍㅪ៤ߔࠆ㓙ߦ㧘⋧੕ߦ㘩ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫⼾ޕ‬ንߥ࠺࡯࠲߇ሽ࿷ߒ㧘㆐ᚑ⋡ᮡ㧘ฦ‫ޘ‬޿㆑߁ㇱಽߪ‫ޟ‬቞஻▸࿐‫ޕࠆ޽ߢޠ‬࿾ℂ⊛ߦᵹၞߣⴕߩᓎഀಽᜂ㧘ఝవ㗅૏ߩ᣿⏕ൻࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇㧘ද⼏ߩ᡽න૏ࠍ㊀ߨࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߣߒߡ߽㧘ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߪㅴዷࠍଦߔ‫ޕ‬ᴡᎹ㑐ㅪ඙ၞ㧘ㇺᏒ⸘↹ᜂᒰ⠪ߪㇺᏒ⸘↹㑐ㅪ඙ၞ߇D ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪߇ᵹၞ஥ߩᴦ᳓⋡ᮡࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆ቞஻▸࿐ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪᄌࠊࠄߥ޿‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߩ૗ࠍ⺕㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞߩ✚วᴦ᳓ߦߪ‫ޟ‬ᴡᎹ‫ޟߣޠ‬ᵹၞ‫޿ߣޠ‬߇ߔࠆߩ߆‫߇ߣߎࠆߔ⹺⏕ࠍޠ‬㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ߣߎߩߎޕ‬߁ᨒ⚵ߺ߇ࠃߊ⊓႐ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ᏱߦᴡᎹએᄖߩㇱಽߩᜂᒰࠍ〯߹߃ߡ໧㗴ࠍ  ὐߦߟ޿ߡᢛℂߔࠆ‫ޕ‬⠪㧘ߟ߹ࠅ‫ޟ‬ᵹၞ஥‫߇ޠ‬૗ࠍߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ࠍC ᴦ᳓੐ᬺ⛔᜝ߩߚ߼ߩᨒ⚵ߺߩਇ࿷⏕⹺ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅㅪ៤ࠍ౞Ṗߦߢ߈ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬ታ㓙ᴡᎹ▤ℂ⠪ߣ᭽‫ߥޘ‬࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷ߩᜂᒰ⠪ߪ㧘ㅪ៤ߦߪ㧘㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫ޟ‬ᵹၞ‫ࠆߌ߅ߦޠ‬ኻ╷ߪߒߡᴦ᳓੐ᬺࠍㅴ߼ࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᜂᒰ⠪ห჻߇޽߹ࠅㅴ᝞ߒߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޟޕ‬ᵹၞ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ಽ㘃ߩਛߦߪ㧘ฦ‫ߩޘ‬቞஻▸࿐ࠍ⿥߃ߚⷞὐࠍᜬߜ㧘✚ว⊛ታⴕߔࠆ᭽‫ߥޘ‬᭴ᚑຬ߇޿ࠆߎߣ߇ℂ↱ߩ㧝ߟߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ᆫ൓߇ߥߌࠇ߫ታ⃻ߒߥ޿‫ߪߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߎߩߎߣࠍౣ⹺⼂ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘⸃᳿ᚻᴺ߇⷗߃ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯⊛ሽ࿷㧘޽ࠆ޿ߪᨒ⚵ߺ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߡߊࠆ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ㧘⺕߆߇⛔᜝ߔࠆߣ޿߁ߩߪ⃻ታ⊛ߢߥ޿‫ޕ‬ߥߗߥࠄ㧘ᴦ᳓ߪ㊀ⷐߥ ᩺੐㗄ߩ㧝ߟߢߪ޽ࠆ߇㧘ᄙߊߩ ᩺੐㗄ߩਛߩ㧝ߟߢߒ߆ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ข਄ߍࠆᐲวឭ᩺ ᳓ၮᧄᴺ᩺ࠍࡅࡦ࠻ߣߒߚᴦ᳓⛔᜝ߩᨒ⚵޿ߪ⹤ߒว޿ߢ᳿߼ߡ޿ߊߎߣߢ޽ࠅ㧘 ੱߩ⛔₸⠪ߦࠃߞߡߪ᳿߼ࠄࠇߥ޿‫ޕ‬ᴡᎹߣ࿯࿾೑↪⸘↹ߢⴕ᡽න૏߇ឥࠊߥ޿ߎߣ߇㧘ㅪ៤ࠍㅴ߼ࠆ਄ߢᄢ߈ߥࡂ࡯࠼࡞ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߪ੐ߘࠇࠃࠅ߽㧘ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߩ✚วද⼏ߩ႐ࠍ⸳ߌࠆ㧘ߣታߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਥߦ࿾ၞ⸘↹ࠍⴕ߁ਥ૕ߪ࿾ᣇ౏౒࿅૕ߛ޿߁ታ⃻น⢻ᕈ߇㜞޿‫߫߃଀ޕ‬㧘࿖࿯೑↪⸘↹ᴺߩ࡟

߇㧘ᵹၞߣ޿߁‫ޟ‬㕙‫ߢޠ‬ᴦ᳓ࠍ⠨߃ࠃ߁ߣߔࠇ߫㧘ᴡࡌ࡞ߦ߅޿ߡ✚วᴦ᳓ߦߟ޿ߡ⸥ㅀߔࠆߩߪ㧝ߟߩᚻᎹ߇‫ⷙ߆ߒߢޠ✢ޟ‬ቯߢ߈ߥ޿਄ߦ㧘‫ޟ‬㕙‫ࠆߔ↹⸘ࠍޠ‬Ბߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠅࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬㧘ㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߢߪ࿯࿾೑↪ߩഀઃ࿾ᣇ౏౒࿅૕ߪᵹၞߣߪ೎ߩᒻ⁁ߢಽഀ▤ℂߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬߇᳿ቯߔࠆ೨ߦ㧘✚วᴦ᳓ࠍ⠨߃ࠆᔅⷐ߇⊒↢ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇࠄߩ໧㗴ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ㓙㧘એਅߩ‫ޟ‬᳓ၮᧄᴺ᩺‫⛔ߪޠ‬߹ߚ㧘ᴡᎹ߇ᜂᒰߔࠆ▸࿐㧘ઁߩฦ࿯࿾೑↪᡽╷߇ᜂ᜝ߔࠆᨒ⚵ߩ㧝ߟߩࡅࡦ࠻ߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᒰߔࠆ▸࿐ࠍ᣿⏕ൻߔࠆද⼏߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓ߩ໧C ᳓ၮᧄᴺ᩺ߩ᭎ⷐ㗴ߪᵹၞන૏ߢ࿃ᨐ㑐ଥࠍᒻᚑߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߘ᳓ၮᧄᴺ᩺ߩ․ᓽߪ‫ޟ‬ᵹၞㅪว‫ߩޠ‬ሽ࿷ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᵹߩ೨ߦ㧘ฦⴕ᡽න૏ౝߢᴦ᳓੐ᬺࠍᅤ૗ߦಽᜂߒߡታၞㅪวߪᵹၞౝߩ࿾ᣇ౏౒࿅૕߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘ⴕߔࠆ߆ࠍ⹤ߒว޿㧘᳿ቯߢ߈ࠆᨒ⚵ߺ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᫪ᨋᴺߩࠃ߁ߥදቯࠍ⟵ോൻߒߚ਄ߦ㧘᳓ࡑࠬ࠲࡯ࡊD ࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⸘↹ౝߩᖱႎવ㆐ߩ઀⚵ߺߩ໧㗴࡜ࡦࠍਸ਼ߖߚࠃ߁ߥᴺᓞߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿖࿯೑↪⸘↹ߩ㗄ߢ㧘ㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߦߪ࿖࡮Ꮢ↸᧛ߩਔD ᳓ၮᧄᴺߩ໧㗴ὐߣน⢻ᕈᣇߩᗧะ߇ዯߊ߇㧘Ꮢ↸᧛ߦ࿖߆ࠄ⋥ធ⊛ߦዯߊ൘๔໧㗴ߣߥࠆߩߪ࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⸘↹߿࿖࿯೑↪⸘↹ߣߩ㑐߇ሽ࿷ߒߥ޿ߎߣߦ⸅ࠇߚ‫ߊ߆ߞߖޕ‬࿖߇⸘↹ࠍⴕߞଥᕈߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬᳓‫߇ޠ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᗧ๧ߢ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪᦨߡ߽㧘Ꮢ↸᧛ߩන૏ߦ෻ᤋߐࠇߥߌࠇ߫ലᨐߪ⃻ࠇߥ߽ߛ߇㧘ᢙ޽ࠆ⾗Ḯߩ㧝ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᳓ၮᧄᴺߦታലࠍ޿‫ޕ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽ㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߦኻߒߡᏒ↸᧛ၮᧄ⸘↹ߦኻᜬߚߖࠆߚ߼ߦߪ㧘଀߃߫ᵹၞㅪวߩ઀੐ౝኈߦ㧘หߔࠆ൘๔ߩࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠍવ㆐ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ㅪวౝߩㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߩᴦ᳓ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ⸘↹ߩ⺞ᢛ㧘ࠍട߃

E ᵹၞදቯߩน⢻ᕈࠆߥߤౕ૕⊛ߥౝኈࠍᗐ௝ߒߡ㧘᣿⍎ߥⷙቯࠍ⸳ߌࠆ᫪ᨋᴺ߇ઁߩ࿯࿾೑↪ၮᧄᴺߣ⇣ߥࠆߩߪ㧘ᵹၞࠍᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬▤ℂၮ⺞ߣߒߡ޿ࠆὐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓੐ᬺߩ✚วද⼏ߦ ᵩ᳓ᤨᵹ಴ߩឃ಴ᮭขᒁ

ട߃ߡ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ਄ਅᵹߩදቯࠍઁߩಽ㊁ߦ߽ᵴ↪ߔᦨᓟߦᵩ᳓ᤨᵹ಴ߩឃ಴ᮭขᒁߩน⢻ᕈࠍឭ᩺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠇ߫㧘ㅪ៤ࠍ⃻ታ⊛ߦ⹤ߒว߃ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿ߛࠈ߁߆‫ޕ‬C ࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߩᔅⷐᕈ ੐଀߆ࠄߩ⠨ኤC 㐳ᦼ⸘↹ߣ⍴ᦼ⸘↹ߩ㚟૶߁ߦਇ⏕ታᕈߩ㜞޿⃻⽎ߩߚ߼ߦ㧘㜞㗵ߩᡰ಴߇઻߁⼾ንߥ࠺࡯࠲ߢ⚦߆ߊಽᜂߒ㧘੕޿ߦㅴ᝞ߣ⋡ᮡߩ႐ว㧘ࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉࠍ⠨߃ࠆߩߪ㊀ⷐߥߎߣ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᯏ㑐࡮࿾ᣇ౏౒࿅૕ࠍㅪ៤ߒ㧘⿥ㆊᵩ᳓ߩࠃ⏕⹺ࠍ⛯ߌࠆ‫ޕ‬㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ✚วᴦ᳓ߣ㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐ᢛ஻࡮ỗ↟ἴኂߦ஻߃ࠆࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉ੐ᬺࠍᲧセߔࠆߣ㧘㐳ᦼ⸘↹ߩ╷ቯਥ૕߇ᦨ߽㆑߁‫ޕ‬－ 105 －࿖ߪỗ↟ⵍኂߦߟ޿ߡౣ⊒੍㒐ᓳ⥝ᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ㧘઒ߦᧂὼߦห᭽ߩ⸘↹ࠍߒߡ޿ߚࠄ㒐ߍ಴ᮭขᒁߦ㕖Ᏹߦㄭ޿੐଀߇ታ⃻ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬ߚⵍኂ߇ᵈ⋡ߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ᧪ߚ‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧘ߎߩߩㆆ᳓࿾ߪ㧘ኻ⽎࿾ࠍ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߇⾈਄ߍߡ౏౒ᣉ⸳ࠃ߁ߥᄢⷙᮨߩኻ╷ࠍ੐೨ߦⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦߪ㧘⋧ᔕߩࠗࠍᑪ⸳ߒߚࠅ㧘ᐢ႐ߣߒߡ᡼⟎ߒߚࠅߒߡ޿ߚ‫ߎߎޕ‬ࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߢߪ࿯࿾ࠍ⾈਄ߍߕ㧘޽ࠆ㊄㗵ߢ૑ዬߩ⒖ォ㧘ᵩ᳓ᤨ࡮ᶐㅘᕈ࿾ၞ⏕଻ߩߚ߼ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߩ᳓⾰ᳪᨴḮߩ᠗෰ߦࠃࠆㄘᬺ᧦ઙߩ೙㒢㧘ᵩ᳓⊒↢ᤨߩ⵬ఘࠍ੐೨ߦⴕ޿㧘੹߽༡ㄘߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿯࿾೑↪ࠍ⺃ዉߐࠇࠆੱߦ߽ࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㜞ⷙᩰႇ㒐੐ᬺߦ߅ߌࠆㄘᬺᝄ⥝࿾ၞ߽ߘࠇ੹ᓟߩ⺖㗴ߦ⹥ᒰߔࠆ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬㧘࿾ᣇ౏౒࿅૕ߪᧄ᧪㧘ฦ⥄ߩ೑⋉ࠍᦨᄢൻߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘ਅᵹߪ਄ᵹߩ㐿⊒ࠍ೙㒢ߢ੹ᓟߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩឭ᩺ߩታ⃻น⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡౕ૕⊛߈ߥ޿‫߽ߢࠇߘޕ‬ਅᵹⴕ᡽ߪ቟ో⏕଻ߩߚ߼㧘਄ᵹⴕߦᬌ⸛ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᴦ᳓ࠍ⛔᜝ߔࠆ‫ޟ‬ᵹၞㅪว‫ޠ‬᡽ߦදജߒߡ߽ࠄ߁ࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚ߼ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߩᨒ⚵ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘᫪ᨋᴺߦ߅ߌࠆㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵㑆ߩදቯ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩ⃻⁁ࠍ⺞ᩏߒ㧘ᵹ಴ᮭขᒁߪ㧘%1 ឃ಴ᮭขᒁࠍෳD ᵹ಴ᮭขᒁ⠨ߣߒߟߟ㧘ࡆࠫࡀࠬߣߒߡᚑࠅ┙ߟ߆ᢙ୯ታ㛎ߦࠃߎߎߢ‫ޟ‬ᵹ಴ᮭขᒁ‫ߩޠ‬น⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬ᵹࠆ⹏ଔࠍ⹜ߺࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬಴⋵ขᒁ‫ߪߣޠ‬㧘%1 ឃ಴ᮭขᒁߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᵩ᳓ᤨߦෳ⠨ᢥ₂ᵹ಴ߔࠆߣ੍᷹ߐࠇࠆ㊂ࠍ੍߼೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪ߩ㑆ߢᄁ⾈ߔࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ࠍߎߤޕ‬ၮḰߣߔࠆߩ߆㧘⾗㊄ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߥ޿౏౒࿅૕ߣᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ౏౒࿅૕ߩ㑆ߢ㧘቟ోᕈ㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ᆔຬળḰ஻ળ㧔㧕㧦㢬⷗Ꮉߣߘߩᵹၞߩ߿ࠅขࠅࠍߔࠆ㓙ߪߤ߁ߔࠆ߆㧘ߘ߽ߘ߽⺕ߣ⺕߇ߩౣ↢㢬⷗Ꮉᵹၞ᳓ࡑࠬ࠲࡯ࡊ࡜ࡦ╷ቯߦะߌߚឭขᒁࠍߔࠆߩ߆ߥߤ㧘⠨߃ࠆߴ߈໧㗴ߪᄙ޿‫ߒ߆ߒޕ‬⸒JVVRYYYMGKJKPMVTONKVIQLRVUWTWOKࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߣߒߡߪ㧘޽ࠅᓧࠆ㧝ߟߩᣇᴺߢߪߥ

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KPFGZJVO

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৻଀ߣߒߡ㧘૒⾐⋵౐ⷺᎹ᳓♽ߩ—↰ㄝ࿾඙ߢߪᵹVUWTWOKRTQLGEVOCUVGTRNCPAVQRKPFGZJVOProblem Clarification for Promoting Cooperation between Watershed Managementand Regional Planning and an Approach for Implementation

Saeko FURUICHI㧖, Yasuto TACHIKAWA㧖, and Kaoru TAKARA
㧖Graduate School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Kyoto University
Synopsis

Cooperation of regional planning and flood control planning is recognized to be an important issue
addressed to cope with recent unexpected floods, however effective actions are far from well implementation. In
this study, various problems which discourage the cooperation are extracted from social background, relevant
legislative history and current law and case examples to understand causes to prevent the cooperation. As a result,
it is found that the problems lie in the lack of holistic flood control scheme beyond various governmental bodies,
the absence of synthetic scheme for national land planning, and the lack of incentive for inclusions of flood
control plan into land-use planning. As one of approach to address the problem, watershed agreements and flood
emission trading are proposed.
Keywords㧦watershed management㧘regional planning, land-use policies, river improvement works, flood control planning－ 106 －