Fermionic Absorption DM
Shao-Feng Ge
gesf@sjtu.edu.cn

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]
PandaX + SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng[Phys.Rev.Lett. 129 (2022) 16, 161804]
SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]
SFG, Kai Ma, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 11 (2023) 190]

Kai MaXiao-Dong Ma Pedro Pasquini Jie Sheng

December 5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DMOutline1) Thresholds in DM search2) Direct Detection & Atomic Effects
SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]
PandaX + SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [Phys.Rev.Lett. 129 (2022) 16, 161804]

3) Astro & Cosmo Constraints
SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

4) Complementary Searches @ Lepton Colliders
SFG, Kai Ma, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 11 (2023) 190]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

2Direct Detection

APPEC Committee Report [2104.07634]
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

3

Boosting recoil with mass
● Elastic Scattering● Exothermic

He, Wang & Zheng [JCAP21, 2007.04963]
Aboubrahim, Althueser, Klasen, Nath & Weinheimer [2207.08621]● Fermionic absorption

Dror, Elor, McGehee & Yu [2011.01940]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

See also Dror, Elor & McGehee[1905.12635, 1908.10861]
Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

4

Bosonic Absorption DM● Dark Photoelectric EffectPospelov, Ritz & Voloshin [0807.3279]
An, Pospelov, Pradler & Ritz [1412.8378]● Dark Compton● Inverse Primakoff

Hochberg, Krosigk, Kuflik & Yu [2109.08168]
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM5

K-Shell Electron Capture for ν
1942 – Kan Chang Wang proposed using K-shellelectron capture for detecting neutrino

Kan Chang Wang, A Suggestion on the Detection of the Neutrino, Phys. Rev., 61, 97 (1942)
Kan Chang Wang, Proposed Methods of Detecting the Neutrino , Phys. Rev., 71, 645-646 (1947)
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

6

Effective Operators

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

7

Kinematics of Absorption DM

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]
SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

8

Atomic Effects

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

9PandaX-II

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

10PandaX-4T Results

PandaX + SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng, Phys.Rev.Lett. 129 (2022) 16, 161804 [2206.02339]
PandaX, Phys.Rev.Lett. 129 (2022) 16, 161803 [2205.15771]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

See Qiu-Hong’stalk tomorrow
11Overproduction of Absorption DM

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

12Visible & Invisible Decays

Dror, Elor, McGehee & Yu [2011.01940]

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

13

Astro Observations● Galactic● Extra-Galactic

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

14

Astro Constraints● Mono-energetic γ● Continuous Spectrum

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

15

Constraints from Astro & Cosmo

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

16

PandaX-4T & Lepton Colliders

Collider searches probe thedark sector, not just DM
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

SFG, Kai Ma, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [arXiv:2306.00657]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

17

Summary
1) Extension to O(10)keV mass range

2) Atomic effects should be treated more exactly
3) Decaying DM with astro/cosmo constraints4) Complementary searches @ collider5) Active-Sterile conversion

Thank You
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

18

Backup Slides

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

19

Mass Span of DM?

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

Bozorgnia et al.
1601.04707

20

Possible Improvements
1) Lowering the threshold
Bolometer [1904.00498, Ann.Rev.Nucl.Part.Sci. 67 (2017) 161-181]
Bremsstrahlung [Kouvaris & Pradler, PRL 118, 031803 (2017)]

Migdal effect [Ibe et al [1707.07258]]

2) Electron target

3) Boosting detector?
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM21

Atomic Effect

DM Form Factor:

Atomic Form Factor:

Essig, Fernandez-Serra, Mardon, Soto, Volansky, Yu [JHEP 05 (2016) 046]
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

22

Atomic Effect with 2nd Quantization

SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

23

Atomic Effect with 2nd Quantization

SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

24

Xenon1T Excess

SFG, Xiao-Gang He, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 191]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

25

Xenon1T Excess

Knut Dundas Morå @ IDM2022
XENONnT, Phys.Rev.Lett. 129 (2022) 16, 161805 [2207.11330]
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

26

Mono-Photon @ Lepton Collider

SFG, Kai Ma, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 11 (2023) 190]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

27

e+e- Pair + Missing Energy

SFG, Kai Ma, Xiao-Dong Ma, Jie Sheng [JHEP 11 (2023) 190]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

28

DM Absorption by Nuclei

Jeff A. Dror, Gilly Elor, and Robert McGehee [Phys.Rev.Lett. 124 (2020) 18, 18]
Jeff A. Dror, Gilly Elor, and Robert McGehee [JHEP 02 (2020) 134]
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

29

DM Absorption @ PandaX

PandaX, Phys.Rev.Lett. 129 (2022) 16, 161803 [2205.15771]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

30

Active-Sterile Neutrino Conversion

SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [Phys.Lett.B 810 (2020) 135787]
SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

31

Active-Sterile Neutrino Conversion
Recoil matrix element |M|2 with a light mediator● Active ν final state● Active-Sterile conversion

Scalar (S)Pseudo-scalar (P)Pseudo-scalar mediator isalso enhanced at low energy.
Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [Phys.Lett.B 810 (2020) 135787]
SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

32

Active-Sterile Neutrino Conversion

SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [Phys.Lett.B 810 (2020) 135787]
SFG, Pedro Pasquini, Jie Sheng [JHEP 05 (2022) 088]

Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM

33

Fermionic Absorption @ Collider

SFG, Kai Ma, Xiao-Dong Ma,
Jie Sheng [arXiv:2306.00657]Shao-Feng Ge [gesf@sjtu.edu.cn]

Dec/5, 2023 @ Kashiwa DM34