৴߸఻ૹͱϊΠζ཈੍ٕज़ͷ‫ૅج‬஍໘มಈͷΑ͏ͳඍখৼಈΛ‫͢ڀݚ‬Δʹ͸ɺ஍‫಺ٿ‬෦ͷߏ଄ͱμΠφϛΫεͷৄࡉΛ஌Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͕͢ɺ1. ͸͡Ίʹ

ৄࡉ͸೉͘͠‫ݸ‬ผͷ෺ཧաఔΛ໰͏͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖·ͤΜɻຊ೥౓ͷओςʔϚ͸ʮϏʔϜ਍அͷ‫ૅج‬ʯͰ͕͢ɺຊ

͜ͷΑ͏ͳ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸ɺ‫ݹ‬యతͳ֬཰աఔͱͯ͠ͷϒϥ΢ߨٛ͸ओςʔϚͷதͰ͸झ޲Λ΍΍ҟʹͨ͠ʮ৴߸఻ૹ

ϯӡಈͱಉ༷ʹղੳ͞Ε·͢ [6, 7, 8]ɻՃ଎‫ث‬෼໺ʹ͓ͱϊΠζ཈੍ٕज़ͷ‫ૅج‬ʯͱ͍͏ςʔϚͰߨٛΛ͍͍ͨͯ͠΋஍໘มಈͷඇप‫ظ‬తͳඍখৼಈ͕ɺ֬཰աఔͱ͠

ͱࢥ͍·͢ɻϏʔϜ਍அʹ͸༷ʑͳํ๏͕͋Γ·͕͢ɺͯಋ͔ΕΔ AT L ͷ๏ଇ [9, 10] ʹै͍ۭ࣌ൃల͢Δ͜

ຊߨٛͰ͸ͲͷΑ͏ͳϏʔϜ਍அͰ͋Ζ͏ͱ‫ڞ‬௨͢Δϊͱ͕Α͏΍֬͘ೝ͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹͳΓɺ࣍ੈ୅ͷେ‫ܕ‬Ճ଎Πζ཈੍ٕज़ͷ‫ͱ·͍ͯͭʹૅج‬Ί͍ͨͱࢥ͍·͢ɻච‫ث‬ͷ‫ݐ‬ઃʹ͸ͳͯ͘͸ͳΒͳ͍ख๏ͷҰͭʹͳ͍ͬͯऀ͕௕೥ʹ౉Γ೰·͞Εଓ͚ɺ࣮ࡍʹϏʔϜ਍அͷ‫ڀݚ‬·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ‫ڀݚ‬Λ௨ͯ͠ɺͲͷΑ͏ʹ֦େॖখͯ͠΋Ͱ‫͖Ͱ͍ͯͭʹͱ͜͠ݧܦ‬Δ͚ͩΘ͔Γ΍͘͢ղઆͨ͠

ͦͷ‫ܗ‬Λ‫ͱݩ‬ൺֱ͢Δͱ·ΔͰ૬ࣅ‫ܗ‬ͷΑ͏ʹෆมͰ͍͋ͱࢥ͍·͢ɻ
ϊΠζ*1 ͱ͸ɺ೔ຊ‫Ͱޠ‬͸ࡶԻ΍༳Β͗ͱ΋‫ݺ‬͹Εɺ

Δͱ͍͏৽ֶ͍͠໰෼໺ɺϑϥΫλϧ͕Ϛϯσϧϒϩʹ

Ұൠʹ໽հऀѻ͍͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ͱࢥ͍·͢ɻզʑ͕

ΑΓ։୓͞Ε·ͨ͠ [11]ɻචऀ΋ KEK ిࢠཅిࢠೖࣹ

ϏʔϜ਍அͷࡍʹ৴߸Λ֬ೝ͠Α͏ͱ͢Δࡍɺ“ϊΠζ͕‫ث‬౩ʹ͓͍ͯ஍໘มಈͷඇप‫ظ‬తͳඍখৼಈΛ໿̍೥ʹେ͖ͯ͘৴߸Λ‫؍‬ଌ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍” ͱΛ͠͹͠͹౉Γ‫؍‬ଌͨ͠ͱ͜Ζɺͦͷσʔλͷதʹ‫ʹࣄݟ‬ϑϥΫλ‫͕͋ͱ͜͏ݴ‬Γ·͢ɻ͜Ε͸ɺಘͯͯ͠༁΋෼͔Βͣϊϧͷಛ௃͕‫ݟ‬ग़͞Εͨ͜ͱʹ‫[ ͨ͠·͖ڻ‬12]ɻ͜ͷΑ͏Πζͷॴҝʹͨ͠ද‫ݱ‬ͷҰྫͰ͢ɻ͔֬ʹ‫ݱ‬৔ʹ͓͚Δ

ʹϊΠζͷഎ‫ʹޙ‬͸ԿΒ͔ͷ෺ཧաఔ͕ଘࡏ͍ͯ͠ΔͷଌఆͰ͸ɺ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ͜ͱ͸͠͹͠͹ੜ͡·͕͢ɺͦΕͰɺ೔ࠒ͔Β஫ҙਂ͘‫࡯؍‬Λ͍ͯ͠Ε͹શ͘৽͍͠෺ཧ

Ͱ͸ϊΠζ‫ݯ‬͸Կ͔ͱ໰ΘΕΔͱʹΘ͔ʹ͸౴͑ΒΕͳ‫ݱ‬৅ʹૺ۰͢Δ͔΋͠Ε·ͤΜɻ͍͜ͱ͕ଟ͍͜ͱ΋ࣄ࣮Ͱ͢ɻීஈ͸ɺϊΠζੜ੒ͷϝզʑ͕ීஈ‫͢ݧܦ‬Δͷ͸ɺిࢠճ࿏΍ి‫ؾ‬ճ࿏ʹग़‫ݱ‬ΧχζϜΛಥ͖٧Ίͯߟ࡯͢Δ͜ͱ͸༨Γ͋Γ·ͤΜɻ͢Δ‫ڱ‬ٛͷϊΠζͷ͜ͱͰ͢ɻैͬͯඍখ৴߸Λѻ͏৔զʑ͕೔ৗతʹ‫ݟ‬ΔϊΠζ͸ɺ৴߸఻ૹ΍ిྗ఻ૹʹ߹ɺ೗ԿʹϊΠζΛ཈੍͢Δ͔͕؊ཁʹͳΓ·͢ɻ਺ଟؔΘΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍Ͱ͕͢ɺࣗવքʹ͸͞Βʹ޿ٛͷϊΠ͘ͷछྨͷϊΠζ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱ͕஌ΒΕ͍ͯ·͢ɻ֤ζ͕ଘࡏ͠·͢ɻΞΠϯγϡλΠϯ͕ਫʹු͔ΜͩՖคϊΠζͷഎ‫ʹޙ‬͸ҟͳΔ෺ཧաఔͷଘࡏ͕Α͘஌ΒΕͯͷෆ‫ن‬ଇͳӡಈ (ϒϥ΢ϯӡಈ) ͔Β‫ࢠݪ‬ͷଘࡏΛ༧‫ݴ‬͓Γɺଟ͘ͷ‫ڭ‬Պॻ [13, 14] Ͱղઆ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻྫ͑ͨ͠࿩ [1] ͸༗໊Ͱ͢ɻϒϥ΢ϯӡಈͦͷ΋ͷ͸ϊΠζ

͹೤ࡶԻ [15, 16] ͸ɺ఍߅ମ಺ͷࣗ༝ిࢠͷෆ‫ن‬ଇͳ೤(༳Β͗) ͱಉ౳ͷੑ࣭Λ࣋ͭ͜ͱ͕஌ΒΕ͍ͯ·͢ɻଞৼಈʹΑͬͯੜ͡ΔࡶԻͱͯ͠஌ΒΕ͓ͯΓɺճ࿏ઃ‫ܭ‬ʹ΋ɺ஍໘มಈͷඇप‫ظ‬తͳඍখৼಈͷۭ࣌ൃలɺ஍਒

ʹ͸͔ܽͤ·ͤΜɻ‫ʹ౓ڧ‬ର͢Δ஍਒ͷൃੜස౓ɺఱମͷ์ͭ์ࣹ‫౓ڧ‬ͷ࣌γϣοτࡶԻ [17] ͸ɺి‫ؾ‬ճ࿏ʹ͓͍ͯྲྀΕΔిࢠ

ؒมԽɺ୯ࡉ๔಺ͷඍཻࢠͷӡಈɺ஍‫ٿ‬ද໘ͷԹ౓มಈɺ

ͷ਺͕‫ʹ౓ۃ‬গͳ͍৔߹ɺిࢠ਺ͷ౷‫ܭ‬తมಈ͕େ͖͘

஍࣓‫ؾ‬ͷ࣌ؒมԽͳͲ਺ଟ͘ͷ๛෋ͳࣄྫ͕஌ΒΕ͍ͯͳΔͨΊʹൃੜ͢ΔࡶԻͷ͜ͱͰ͢ɻେిྲྀΛѻ͏৔߹·͢ [2, 3]ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳࣄྫ͸ɺप೾਺ྖҬͰଌఆ͢Δ͸༨Γؔ܎͠·ͤΜ͕ɺ‫ͳ୺ۃ‬ඍখిྲྀΛѻ͏৔߹ɺి

ͱ΄΅ 1/f (f : प೾਺) Ͱ‫ݮ‬ਰ͢ΔͷͰ 1/f ϊΠζͱ‫ݺ‬ࢠ਺ͷ౷‫ܭ‬తมಈ͸༳Β͗ͱͯ͠ධՁ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖

͹Ε·͢ɻ

·͢ɻ

ϒϥ΢ϯӡಈͷྫ͔Β΋Θ͔ΔΑ͏ʹɺϊΠζͷഎ‫ޙ‬ϑϦοΧʔࡶԻ [18, 19] ͸ճ࿏ʹ෇ਵͯ͠ੜ੒͞ΕΔ

ʹ͸ਂ෵ͳ෺ཧ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͘‫ڵ‬ຯਂ͍΋ͷ͕͋ಛ༗ͷࡶԻͷ͜ͱͰɺճ࿏ૉࢠͷಛੑʹ‫ى‬Ҽ͢Δͱ‫ݴ‬ΘΓ·͢ɻಛʹɺ஍໘มಈͷඇप‫ظ‬తͳඍখৼಈ͸ɺຊདྷΕ͍ͯ·͢ɻ͜ͷࡶԻ͸ 1/f ࡶԻͷಛੑΛ͍࣋ͬͯ·͸஍‫ٿ‬෺ཧֶͷ෼໺Ͱൃల͍ͯ͠Δ‫ڀݚ‬ςʔϚͰ͕͢ɺ͢ɻ͜ΕΒͷྫ͸ɺճ࿏಺෦Ͱੜ੒͞ΕΔຊདྷతͳࡶԻ

େ‫ܕ‬Ճ଎‫ث‬ͷΞϥΠϝϯτͱؔ܎͕ਂ͘ɺ࠷ۙͰ͸Ճ଎[20] ͷ͜ͱͰ͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ͸‫͔ͭز‬ͷࡶԻΛ঺հ͠·ͨ͠‫ݐث‬ઃ৔ॴͷબఆ΍‫ݐ‬ઃ‫ޙ‬ͷ҆ఆͳӡసʹ޲͚ͯॏཁͳ

͕ɺ͜ΕΒҎ֎ʹ΋෺ཧաఔͷҟͳΔࡶԻ͕ଟ਺஌ΒΕ‫ڀݚ‬ςʔϚͷҰͭʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ [4, 5]ɻ

͍ͯ·͢ɻ෺ཧաఔ͸Α͘ཧղ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ͷͰɺ͜ͷࡍੋඇ‫ݪ‬࿦จΛಡΜͰΈΔ͜ͱΛ͓‫ק‬Ί͠·͢ɻ*1 ຊߨٛͰ͸ɺϊΠζɺࡶԻɺ༳Β͗ʹର۠͠ผͳ͘ಉٛ‫͠ͱޠ‬ͯ༻͍͍ͯ·͢.

ۭؒΛ఻೻͢Δ֎དྷϊΠζ͸ɺؒ઀తʹओ৴߸Λअຐ
͢ΔࡶԻͱͳΔͷͰ‫ྗۃ‬཈੍͢΂͖ର৅ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ཈３－ 1੍ٕज़ͱͯ͠͸ɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧγʔϧυͷೋॏԽ΍ಉ࣠͜ͷϞχλʔ͸ɺίΞʔϞχλʔ (CM)ɺτϩΠμϧϞ

νϣʔΫΛ༻͍ΔͳͲɺ͜ΕΒͷϊΠζ཈੍ޮՌ͸਺ଟχλʔɺΧϨϯττϥϯεϑΥʔϚʔ౳ͱ‫ݺ‬͹Εɺઢ‫ܗ‬͘ͷจ‫[ ݙ‬21, 22, 23] Ͱ‫ʹط‬ղੳ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻྫ͑͹ɺՃ଎‫Ͱث‬͸࠷΋‫ج‬ຊతͳϞχλʔͷҰͭͱͯ͠޿͘ར༻

ಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷೋॏγʔϧυʹ͍ͭͯ͸ɺγʔϧυ໢ઢ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻ

ͷં໨ߏ଄ɺγʔϧυް͞ɺ͞Βʹ֎෦ಋମΛߏ੒͢Δ

චऀͷॴଐ͢Δ KEK ిࢠཅిࢠೖࣹ‫( ث‬ҎԼೖࣹ‫)ث‬ϫΠϠʔࡐྉͷి‫఻ؾ‬ಋ཰ͱදൽਂ͞Λߟྀͨ͠γʔϧͰ͸ɺ୯όϯνͷిࢠ · ཅిࢠϏʔϜΛੜ੒͢ΔΑ͏ʹυޮՌ͕ɺप೾਺ʹର͢Δ఻ୡΠϯϐʔμϯεͱ͍͏‫ܗ‬ͳΓ CM ͷར༻͸ແ͘ͳͬͯ͠·͍·͕ͨ͠ɺKEK ෺Ͱղੳ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻೋॏγʔϧυͷޮՌ͸ɺൺֱత؆

࣭ߏ଄Պֶ‫ॴڀݚ‬ͷ௿଎ཅిࢠࢪઃͰ͸খ‫ܕ‬ͷిࢠઢ୯ʹ‫͢ࢉܭ‬Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻೋॏγʔϧυ͕௨ৗͷҰ‫ܗ‬Ճ଎‫ث‬Λར༻ͯ͠௿଎ཅిࢠΛੜ੒͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ௿଎ॏγʔϧυʹൺ΂ͲΕ͘Β͍ͷޮՌΛൃ‫͢ش‬Δͷ͔ΛੋཅిࢠࢪઃͰ͸ిࢠΛඪతʹরࣹ͠௿଎ཅిࢠ (Τωϧඇ֤ࣗͰ‫͞ࢉܭ‬ΕΔ͜ͱΛ͓‫ק‬Ί͠·͢ɻΪʔՄม/࠷େ 35keV) Λੜ੒͠ɺ‫ݻ‬ମද໘෺ੑ΍‫ࢠݪ‬෼ຊߨٛͰѻ͏ςʔϚ͸ɺ্‫ʹه‬ड़΂ͨϊΠζͱ͸ੑ࣭ࢠ෺ཧֶͷ‫͕ڀݚ‬ਫ਼ྗతʹߦΘΕ͍ͯ·͢ [29]ɻຊՃ଎

Λҟʹ͠·͢ɻճ࿏಺෦Ͱੜ੒͞ΕΔຊདྷతͳࡶԻ΍֎‫Ͱث‬͸ CM Λར༻ͯ͠ඇഁյͰϏʔϜిྲྀΛৗ࣌‫ܭ‬ଌདྷϊΠζͱ͸෺ཧաఔ͕ҟͳΓɺෳ਺ͷ৴߸ઢͰ৴߸Λ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ

఻ૹ͢Δ৔߹ʹग़‫͢ݱ‬ΔϊΠζΛѻ͍·͢ɻ͜ͷϊΠζ͜ͷՃ଎‫Ͱث‬͸‫ط‬ଘͷ CM Λ 2 ୆ͱ৽‫ʹن‬੡࡞ͨ͠ʹ͍ͭͯ͸ɺ‫ݧܦ‬తʹ͸Α͘஌ΒΕ͍ͯ·͕ͨ͠ [24]ɻ

ಉ༷ͳϞχλʔ 1 ୆ɺ߹‫ ܭ‬3 ୆Λར༻ͯ͠ϏʔϜిྲྀΛ͔͠͠ɺଟॏઢ࿏͔ΒͳΔ఻ૹճ࿏ʹର͢ΔϊΠζੜ੒‫ܭ‬ଌ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ৽‫ن‬ͷ΋ͷ͸‫ط‬ଘͷ΋ͷΛࢀߟʹͯ͠ͷཧ࿦͕‫ߏʹີݫ‬ங͞Ε [25]ɺཧ࿦ʹ‫ࡍ࣮͖ͮج‬ͷՃ଎ಉ༷ʹ੡࡞ͨͭ͠΋ΓͰ͕ͨ͠ɺϊΠζ཈੍ͱ͍͏‫఺؍‬‫ॳʹث‬ΊͯԠ༻͞Εͨͷ͸͘͝࠷ۙͷ͜ͱͰ͢ [26]ɻ

͔Β͢Δͱ‫ط‬ଘϞχλʔ͸໰୊ͳ͘ར༻Ͱ͖͍ͯͨʹ΋චऀ͸ɺKEK ʹೖॴ͔ͯ͠Β௕೥ϏʔϜ਍அʹैࣄؔΘΒͣɺ৽‫ن‬Ϟχλʔ͸ϊΠζͷӨ‫ڹ‬Λେ͖͘ड͚Δ

ͯ͠དྷ·͕ͨ͠ɺ࣮ࡍʹ‫ͨ͠ݧܦ‬ϊΠζͷ໰୊Λ௕೥ղ͜ͱʹͳΓ·ͨ͠ɻϊΠζ௿‫ٕݮ‬ज़ͷҰͭͱͯ͠༗ޮͳ

ܾ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·ͤΜͰͨ͠ɻ͋Δ࣌ KEK Ͱɺ͜ͷνϣʔΫίΠϧΛ༻͍ͨϊΠζରࡦΛԿ౓΋ࢼΈ·ͨ͠ϊΠζཧ࿦ͷߨٛΛௌߨ͢Δ‫ػ‬ձ͕͋Γ [27]ɺ͜ͷཧ࿦͕͜ͱ͝ͱࣦ͘ഊʹ‫*ͨ͠·͠ؼ‬2 ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ‫͕͜ݧܦ‬ΛԠ༻͢Ε͹೰·͍͠ϊΠζ໰୊ΛղܾͰ͖ΔͷͰ͸ͳͷ໰୊Λߟ͑Δग़ൃ఺ͱͳΓɺ͜͜ͰϊΠζੜ੒ͷ‫ݪ‬ཧ͍͔ͱ௚‫ײ‬తʹࢥ͍·ͨ͠ɻ৽ཧ࿦ͷԠ༻ྫ͸ɺి࣓ੴʹཱͪ໭ͬͯߟ͑ΔඞཁੑʹഭΒΕ·ͨ͠ɻి‫͔ݯ‬Βి࣓ੴʹ‫͞څڙ‬ΕΔిྗ഑৴ʹؔ͢Δ΋ͷͰɺઢ‫ܗ‬Ճ଎‫Ͱث‬͸ϊΠζ͸ੲ͔Β໽հͳ໰୊Λఏ‫ͯ͠ڙ‬ϊΠζରࡦ‫ޙ‬ͷ࣓৔ͷϦοϓϧϊΠζ͸େ͖͘௿‫͞ݮ‬Ε͍·͢ɻಛʹߴిྗΫϥΠετϩϯ΍ߴ଎ΩοΧʔۙͨ͘ͱใࠂ͞Ε·ͨ͠ɻͷϏʔϜ਍அͰ͸ɺϊΠζΛආ͚Δ͜ͱ͕೉༷͘͠ʑͳ

ϏʔϜ਍அͷΑ͏ͳ৴߸఻ૹͷ৔߹ɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧ͕޻෉ʹΑΓϊΠζ཈੍͕ࢼΈΒΕ͖ͯ·ͨ͠ɻ࢖ΘΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ͷͰ͕͢ɺಉ࣠ߏ଄Λ࣋ͬͨέʔϒຊηϛφʔͰ͸ɺCM ͷ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷ‫ج‬ຊʹཱͪ໭Γɺϧʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹͰ͸ɺͲͷΑ͏ʹ৽ཧ࿦ΛԠ༻͢Ε৴߸఻ૹͱϊΠζੜ੒ͷ‫ݪ‬ཧΛ‫ݕ‬౼͢Δ͜ͱʹ͠·͢ɻ͹Α͍ͷ͔͕౰ॳ͸Α͘Θ͔Γ·ͤΜͰͨ͠ɻͦͷ‫ޙ‬ɺৄࡉʹղੳͯ͠ߦ͘ͱɺ‫ط‬ଘϞχλʔͱ৽‫ن‬ϞχλʔͰචऀͳΓʹ‫ݕ‬౼͠ɺΑ͏΍͘Ұͭͷ݁࿦ʹୡ͠·ͨ͠ͷ͸ɺάϥϯυ (Gnd.) ͷҐஔͱऔΓํʹຊ࣭తͳҧ͍͕Ͱɺ͜ͷ‫ݕ‬౼಺༰ΛຊηϛφʔͷςΩετͱͯ͠·ͱΊ͋Γɺ͜ͷΘ͔ͣͳҧ͍͕৴߸఻ૹʹେ͖ͳӨ‫ڹ‬Λ༩͑ɺΔ͜ͱʹ͠·ͨ͠ɻ࠷ऴతʹ৴߸࿪Έ΍ϊΠζੜ੒ͷ‫ݪ‬Ҽʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ

ϊΠζੜ੒ͱͦͷ཈੍ٕज़ʹؔ͢Δ‫ڭ‬Պॻ͸਺ଟ͘ଘ͕Θ͔Γ·ͨ͠ɻ

ࡏ͠·͕͢ɺຊߨٛͷ಺༰͸ɺ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ‫ڭ‬Պॻʹ͸‫ه‬఻ૹճ࿏ʹ͓͍ͯ͸ɺGnd. ͷऔΓํ͕؊ཁͰɺ৴߸

ࡌ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ɺචऀ͕‫ݱ‬৔Ͱ࣮ࡍʹ‫؍‬ଌͨ͠՝୊ʹ‫ج‬఻ૹͱϊΠζੜ੒ʹେ͖ؔ͘ΘΔͱ͍͏͜ͱΛ͓࿩͍͍ͨͮͯ͠·͢ɻैͬͯຊ಺༰͸ɺಛఆͷϏʔϜ਍அʹ‫ݶ‬͍ͱࢥ͍·͢ɻ

ఆ͢Δ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͘ɺՃ଎‫ٕث‬ज़શൠʹԠ༻ՄೳͰ͢ɻ
ຊߨٛͰ͸ɺϏʔϜ਍அͷྫͱͯ͠௕ύϧεϏʔϜͷిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌΛऔΓ্͛Δ͜ͱʹ͠·͢ɻిࢠઢ‫ܗ‬Ճ଎‫͚͓ʹث‬Δ௕ύϧεϏʔϜͷిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌ(ύϧε෯ ≳ 1 µs) Ͱ͸ɺϑΣϥΠτίΞʔʹίΠϧΛଟ਺ճ‫ྲྀి͍ͨר‬Ϟχλʔ [28] ͕༻͍ΒΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ɻ

３－ 2*2 νϣʔΫίΠϧͱ͸ɺϦϯάঢ়ͷϑΣϥΠτίΞͳͲͷ࣓ੑମʹಉ࣠έʔϒϧΛϦϯάʹԊͬͯෳ਺ճ‫͚͖ͨͭר‬΋ͷΛ‫͍ݴ‬·͢. Ճ଎‫ࢪث‬ઃͰ͸ɺνϣʔΫίΠϧ͸ϊΠζ཈੍ٕज़ͷҰͭͱͯ͠͠͹͠͹༻͍ΒΕ·͢. ࢢൢͷϑΣϥΠτίΞ͸प೾਺ಛੑ͸༨ΓΑ͋͘Γ·ͤΜ (f ≲10 kHz). प೾਺ಛੑͷൺֱతྑ͍ (f ≲100 kHz) ‫͔ͭز‬ͷϑΣϥΠτίΞΛ༻͍ͯࢼ‫͠ݧ‬·͕ͨ͠ɺϊΠζ೾‫ʹܗ‬มԽ͸શ͘‫ݟ‬ΒΕ·ͤΜͰͨ͠.

Vacuum pipe

2. ϏʔϜిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌͷ‫ૅج‬
Ceramic

2.1.

CM Λར༻ͨ͠ిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌBeam current Ibਤ 1 ʹ௿଎ཅిࢠࢪઃʹ͓͚ΔిࢠՃ଎‫ث‬ͷུ֓ਤΛ

Magnetic fields

ࣔ͠·͢ɻ

Io Induced current

e- beam
Coil

R0

CM

Vo Output voltage

ਤ2CM Λར༻ͨ͠ϏʔϜిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌʹ͓͚Δ৴߸‫ݕ‬ग़ͷ‫ݪ‬ཧ.

ిྲྀ஋ʹม‫͢׵‬Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ͜Ε͕ CM ʹΑΔిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌͷ‫ج‬ຊ‫ݪ‬ཧͰ͢ɻఆྔతͳղੳʹ‫ڵ‬ຯͷ͋Δํ͸ଞͷจ‫[ ݙ‬30] Λࢀরͯ͠Լ͍͞ɻ

2.2.

CM ͷ‫ػ‬ցతߏ଄ਤ 3 ͸ೖࣹ‫͚͓ʹث‬Δ CM ͷ‫ػ‬ցతߏ଄Λࣔ͠ɺϏʔϜଆ໘͔Β‫ͨݟ‬அ໘ਤΛࣔ͠·͢ɻਤ 1

KEK ෺࣭ߏ଄Պֶ‫ॴڀݚ‬௿଎ཅిࢠ࣮‫ࢪݧ‬ઃ ʹ ͓ ͚ Δ ి ࢠ ઢ ‫ ܗ‬Ճ ଎ ‫ ث‬ͷ Ϗ ʔ Ϝ ϥ Π ϯ ֓ ུ ਤ;
KL: klystron, P.B.: pre-buncher, ACC.: accelerator structure, PRM: profile monitor, GV: gate
valve, HV: high voltage station.

Output

BNC Receptacle
Polyimide film
SpringAluminum Case
Toroidal Ferrite CoreCoil

RF Contactor
21͜ͷՃ଎‫ث‬͸య‫ܕ‬తͳখ‫ܕ‬ͷ S όϯυిࢠՃ଎‫Ͱث‬φ 45mm͢ɻ೤ӄ‫͔ۃ‬Β์ग़͞ΕΔ೤ిࢠΛϓϨόϯνϟʔ‫ͼٴ‬Beamόϯνϟʔ͔ΒͳΔೖࣹ෦ͰϏʔϜΛू‫ޙͨ͠܈‬ɺՃ଎

Internal terminator
1-Turn Calibration Coil

Insulating
Ceramic؅ʹΑΓ 55 MeV ·ͰՃ଎͞Ε·͢ɻՃ଎ిࢠ͸ඪతʹরࣹ͞Εɺ௿଎ཅిࢠʹม‫͞׵‬Εͨ‫ޙ‬ɺ࣮‫ͱ΁ࣨݧ‬༌ૹ

Polyimide film͞ΕϢʔβʔ࣮‫ʹݧ‬ఏ‫͞ڙ‬Ε·͢ɻ͜ͷՃ଎‫Ͱث‬͸‫ ܭ‬3

SpringTest input୆ͷ CM ΛՃ଎‫ʹث‬Ԋͬͯ഑ஔ͠ɺϏʔϜిྲྀΛৗ࣌‫ܭ‬ଌ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ‫ط‬ଘͷ CM/2 ୆Λిࢠॐ௚‫( ޙ‬CM1) ͱਤ3CM ͷ‫ػ‬ցతߏ଄ଆ໘ਤ.

Ճ଎؅ग़‫( ޱ‬CM2) ʹ഑ஔ͠ɺ৽‫ن‬ͷ CM/1 ୆Λඪతલ(CM3) ʹ഑ஔ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻCM ͸ి࣓γʔϧυ༻έʔε (Al ੡) ͷ಺෦ʹೋ෼CM Λ༻͍ͨϏʔϜిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌͷ‫ݪ‬ཧΛਤ 2 ʹࣔ͠·ׂ͞ΕͨϑΣϥΠτίΞʔ (τʔΩϯ੡ 12001H[31]) ͕͢ɻϏʔϜ͕ਅۭύΠϓʹઃ͚ͨηϥϛοΫΪϟοϓΛ

૊Έࠐ·Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻͦͷ্൒෼ʹ͸ಋઢ͕ 25 ճ‫͔ר‬

௨ա͢Δͱ͖ɺΪϟοϓ͔Β࿙Ӯ͢Δࣗ‫ݾ‬৔ (࣓৔) ͕Εɺಋઢ୺͸ BNC ͷத৺ಋମͱ Gnd. ʹ઀ଓ͞Ε·͢ɻίΠϧͰ‫ݕ‬ग़͞Ε·͢ɻϏʔϜిྲྀʹൺྫͨ͠༠ಋిྲྀ

BNC ͸ϙϦΠϛυϑΟϧϜ (੺৭) Λ‫ڬ‬ΜͰి‫ؾ‬తʹ(I0 ) Λऴ୺఍߅ (R0 ) ʹΑΓిѹ (V0 ) ʹม‫͠׵‬ɺͦͷৼέʔε͔Βු͔ͤΔߏ଄ʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻίΞʔͷԼ൒෯Λ‫ܭ‬ଌ͢Ε͹ϏʔϜిྲྀʹম͖௚͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ෼ʹ͸ 1 λʔϯίΠϧʹ఍߅ 50 Ω Λ௚ྻ઀ଓ͠ BNC

͜͜ͰϏʔϜͱίΠϧΛ 1:N (N :ίΠϧ‫ )਺ר‬ͷτϥʹ઀ଓ͠·͢ɻ͜Ε͸ిྲྀߍਖ਼ͷͨΊͷςετύϧεೖϯεͱͯ͠ѻ͑͹ɺCM ͸ిѹ૿෯‫͢·͠༻࡞ͯ͠ͱث‬ɻిѹग़ྗ͸ಉ࣠έʔϒϧ (έʔϒϧ௕ l ∼ 20 m (CM1,ྗͱͳΓ·͢ɻ
ೋ෼ׂ͞ΕͨίΞʔ͸্Լ͔ΒόωͰ‫͘ڧ‬ԡ͞Εɺ‫ݻ‬CM2), l ∼ 15 m (CM3)) ʹΑΓ఻ૹ͞ΕɺࢢൢͷΦγఆδάΛ࢖ͬͯͦͷ‫ڥ‬ք໘͸ີண͞Εɺ‫ܭ‬ଌ࣌ͷ࣓৔࿙ϩείʔϓ (ҎԼΦγϩ) Λ༻͍Ε͹৴߸೾‫ిͱܗ‬ѹৼӮ͕཈੍͞ΕΔߏ଄ʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻCM ͸ਅۭΛഁ෯Λ༰қʹ‫ܭ‬ଌ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ৴߸ͷిѹৼ෯ຢ

Δ͜ͱͳ͘ηϥϛοΫΪϟοϓʹ૷ண͞Εɺ෼ׂ෦͸ί͸໘ੵͷ‫ܭ‬ଌ͔Βࣄલ‫ܭ‬ଌ͞Εͨߍਖ਼܎਺Λ৐ࢉ͢Ε͹Ξʔʹ͕ؒܺੜ͡ͳ͍Α͏ʹέʔεʹ։͚ͨ 4 ϲॴͷϘ３－ 3

ϧτకΊͰਅۭύΠϓʹ‫ݻ‬ఆ͞ΕΔߏ଄ʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ϥΠτίΞʔͷप೾਺ಛੑʹΑΓܾ·Γ·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ

(ਤ 4 ࢀর)ɻςετೖྗʹύϧε͕ೖྗ͢Δͱɺ1:N τ͸ɺ؆୯ͷͨΊʹτϥϯεΛআ͖ɺͦͷ୅ΘΓిѹ৴߸ϥϯεΛ௨ͯ͠ऴ୺఍߅ʹΑΓిѹ৴߸͕ BNC ͔Βग़‫ʹݯ‬ஔ͖‫͢·͍ͯ͑׵‬ɻैͬͯɺ‫ʹີݫ‬͸ίΠϧؒͷ݁ྗ͞Ε·͢ɻਤ 4 ʹೖࣹ‫Ͱث‬੡࡞͞Εͨ CM Λࣔ͠·߹౓ͷಛੑ͕ࣦΘΕΔ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ͔͠͠ɺ͜ͷಛ͢ɻࠨ൒෼͕ίΠϧΛ‫͍ͨר‬৴߸ग़ྗ෦Λࣔ͠ɺӈ൒෼ੑ͸ CM ग़ྗͷઈର஋ʹؔΘΔ΋ͷͳͷͰ‫ڵ‬ຯ͸͋Γ͸ςετೖྗ෦Λ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ·ͤΜɻ‫͍ͯͭʹऀޙ‬͸ɺCM ग़ྗͷप೾਺ಛੑΛऔΓೖΕͨిѹ৴߸‫ݯ‬Λߟྀ͢Ε͹໰୊͋Γ·ͤΜɻ͢ͳΘͪɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ग़ྗ (VG ) ʹ͸ΠϯμΫλϯεಛੑΛߟྀ͠ɺϑΣϥΠτίΞʔͷಁ࣓཰ͷप೾਺ಛੑΛద੾ʹऔΓೖΕΔ͜ͱʹ͠·ͨ͠ɻ͜͜Ͱ͸ VG (ω) ʹର͠ҎԼͷΑ͏ͳप೾਺ಛੑΛߟ
ྀ͢Δ͜ͱʹ͠·͢ɻ

VG (ω) = AjωL1 (ω)I0(1)

͜͜ͰɺL1 ͱ jωL1 ͸ϑΣϥΠτίΞʔͷࣗ‫ݾ‬Πϯμ
ਤ4ΫλϯεͱΠϯϐʔμϯεΛͦΕͧΕࣔ͠·͢ɻI0 ͸ೋ෼ׂߏ଄ʹΑΔ CM. ࠨ൒෼: ίΠϧΛ‫͍ͨר‬৴߸ग़ྗ෦ɺӈ൒෼: ςετೖྗ෦.

ϏʔϜిྲྀͰ͢ɻA ͸ൺྫఆ਺Λද͠·͕͢ɺ‫ʹີݫ‬͸ίΠϧؒͷ݁߹౓Λ༻͍Ε͹ࢉग़͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ৴߸‫Ͱݯ‬ੜ੒͞Εͨ৴߸͸ 15 m ͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͰ఻ૹ

3. ৴߸఻ૹղੳͷͨΊͷ౳Ձճ࿏3.1.

͞ΕɺΦγϩ಺ଂ 50 Ω Λ௨ͯ͠೾‫ܭܗ‬ଌ͞Ε·͢ɻΦγϩʹ͸ి‫( ݯ‬୯૬ AC100 V) ͕઀ଓ͞ΕΔ͚ͩ౳Ձճ࿏

ਤ 5 ʹ৴߸఻ૹղੳͷͨΊͷ౳Ձճ࿏Λ໛ࣜతʹࣔ͠

ͰɺGnd. ઢ͸ੵ‫ۃ‬తʹ͸઀ଓ͞Ε͍ͯ·ͤΜɻ͔͠͠·͢ɻਤ 5 (a) ͸‫ܭ‬ଌγεςϜશମͷ౳Ձճ࿏Λࣔͨ͠ͳ͕ΒɺΑ͘‫ݟ‬Δͱి‫ݯ‬ϥΠϯͷยଆΛ௨ͯ͠ి‫༻ݯ‬෼ి൫ͷ Gnd.(P S Gnd.) ʹ઀ଓ͞ΕΔ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻैͬͯɺΦγϩͷೖྗ୺ࢠͱγϟʔγͷ Gnd. ͸ࣗಈత
ʹ P S Gnd. ʹ୹བྷͯ͠͠·͏͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͢΂͖Ͱ͢*3 ɻैͬͯɺೖྗ৴߸ͷిྲྀͷҰ෦͸ɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧͰ͸ͳ
͘ P S Gnd. Λ௨ͯ͠΋‫ؐ͢ؼ‬Δ͜ͱʹͳΔͷͰ஫ҙ͕
ඞཁͰ͢ɻ

3.2.

৴߸఻ૹ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ Gnd. ͷऔΓํ

ਤ 5 Λ͞ΒʹਐΊͨ౳Ձճ࿏Λਤ 6 ʹࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷਤͰ͸ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆͰ Gnd. ʹ୹བྷͤ͞ͳ͍৔߹ͱ୹བྷ͞
ͤͨ৔߹ͷ౳Ձճ࿏Λ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ‫ ͏ݴ‬Gnd.
ͱ͸Ճ଎‫ث‬ͷάϥϯυΛද͠·͕͢ɺP S Gnd. ͱ۠ผ͢ΔͨΊʹಛʹ Acc Gnd. ͱ‫͢·͖͓ͯ͠ه‬ɻਤ 1 ʹ΋ਤ5(a) CM ʹΑΔిྲྀ‫ܭ‬ଌʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹղੳ
ͷͨΊͷ౳Ձճ࿏. ϏʔϜ (1 λʔϯίΠϧ) ͱ CM(ίΠϧ) ͱͷ૬‫༻࡞ޓ‬͸τϥϯεΛ༻͍ͯද‫͞ݱ‬Ε͍ͯ
·͢. (b) ಉ౳Ձճ࿏. ͨͩ͠ɺτϥϯεΛ CW ৴߸‫ʹݯ‬ஔ͖‫͢·͍ͯ͑׵‬.

ࣔ͢Α͏ʹ Acc Gnd. ͱ͸Ճ଎‫ث‬ຊମͷάϥϯυΛද͍ͯ͠·͢ɻै ͬ ͯ ɺCM ʹ ର ͢ Δ ά ϥ ϯ υ ͷ औ Γ ํ ͱ ͠ ͯ ɺ

Acc Gnd. Λ઀ଓ͠ͳ͍ঢ়ଶ (Acc Gnd. ແ/oﬀ-state)ͱ઀ଓͨ͠ঢ়ଶ (Acc Gnd. ༗/on-state) ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͜

΋ͷͰ͢ɻϏʔϜΛ 1 λʔϯίΠϧͱ‫͠ͳݟ‬ɺ1:N τϥͱ͕ཧղͰ͖·͢ɻϯεΛհͯͦ͠ͷग़ྗΛಉ࣠έʔϒϧͰ఻ૹ͠৴߸೾‫ܗ‬‫܁‬Γฦ͠ʹͳΓ·͕͢ɺલऀ͸Ճ଎‫ث‬ຊମͷάϥϯυ

͕ΦγϩͰ‫ܭ‬ଌ͞Ε·͢ɻਤ 5 (b) ͸৴߸఻ૹղੳͷͨΊͷ౳Ձճ࿏Λࣔ͠·͢ɻτϥϯεͷಛੑ͸ɺίΠϧؒͷ݁߹౓ͱ಺ଁ͢ΔϑΣ

３－ 4*3 ͜ͷ͜ͱ͸ɺΦγϩͷ‫ػ‬छʹґଘ͢ΔͷͰචऀͷΦγϩͷάϥ

ϯυ઀ଓ͕‫ۮ‬ʑ͜ͷΑ͏ʹͳ͍ͬͯͨͱ͍͏ͷ͕ਖ਼͍͠Α͏Ͱ͢.

ਤ6৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆͰ Gnd. ʹ୹བྷͤ͞ͳ͍৔߹ͱ୹བྷ͞

ͤͨ৔߹ͷ͞Βʹ֦ு͞Εͨ౳Ձճ࿏.

ਤ8ୈࡾͷάϥϯυઢ (Gnd. Line) Λ‫ؚ‬Μͩ৴߸఻ૹղੳͷͨΊͷूதఆ਺ճ࿏ૉࢠͰද‫ͨ͠ݱ‬౳Ձճ࿏.
ೋͭͷ఻ૹϞʔυ (d Ϟʔυͱ c Ϟʔυ) ͷ఻ૹ࢟ଶ΋ʹର͠ු͍͍ͯΔঢ়ଶΛࣔ͠ɺ‫ऀޙ‬͸͜Εʹର͠ಋ௨͠

ಉ࣌ʹද͍ࣔͯ͠·͢.

͍ͯΔঢ়ଶΛࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷ͜ͱ͸ɺ‫Ͱޙ‬Θ͔ͬͨ͜ͱ
Ͱ͕͢ɺલऀ͕৽‫ن‬੡࡞ͨ͠ CM ʹ૬౰͠ɺ‫ط͕ऀޙ‬ਤ 8 ͸ɺਤ 6 ʹରԠͯ͠ࠨଆʹ৴߸‫( ݯ‬ઢ࿏Ґஔ‫ج‬४ଘͷ CM ʹ૬౰͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ৽‫ ن‬CM Ͱ͸ɺϙϦΠϛ఺ z = 0) Λ഑ஔ͠ɺ৴߸͸ɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧ (௕͞ l) ʹΑυઈԑ͸ग़ྗ BNC ͷ Gnd. Λέʔε (Acc Gnd.) ͔Β

Δ৴߸఻ૹΛ‫ͯܦ‬ӈଆͷෛՙ (ઢ࿏Ґஔ z = l) ʹ఻ૹ͞

ු͔ͤΔͨΊʹɺ‫ݻ‬ఆ༻ωδͱͯۚ͠ଐͷ୅ΘΓʹηϥ

Ε·͢ɻ৴߸‫( ݯ‬e1 ɺe2 ) ͱ৴߸‫ݯ‬ͷ಺෦ෛՙ (Z1 ɺZ2 )ɺ

ϛοΫωδΛΘ͟Θ͟༻͍·ͨ͠ (ਤ 7 ࢀর). ଞํɺ‫ط‬֎෦ෛՙ (Z4 ɺZ5 ) ͱ Gnd. Line Πϯϐʔμϯε (Z3 ɺଘ CM Ͱ͸ϙϦΠϛυઈԑ͕͋Δʹ΋ؔΘΒͣɺΑ͘‫ݟ‬Z6 ) ͸ղੳͷ֦ுੑͱରশੑΛߟྀ͠ूதఆ਺ͱͯ͠഑

Δͱۚଐωδ͕༻͍ΒΕ͍ͯ·ͨ͠*4 ɻ

ஔ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ͜ΕΒ͸఻ૹઢ࿏ղੳͷͨΊͷ‫ج‬ຊύϥϝʔλͱͳΓ·͢ɻਤ 6 ͱ ͷ ର Ԡ Λ ߟ ͑ Δ ͱ ɺ͜ Ε Β ͷ ύ ϥ ϝ ʔ λ͸ e1 = VG (ω) ̸= 0ɺe2 = 0ɺZ1 = Z2 = 0ɺZ4 = 50 ΩɺZ5 = 0 Ͱ ༩ ͑ Β Ε · ͢ ɻ‫ʹ ࢉ ܭ‬ΑΔͱϑΣϥΠτίΞʔͷࣗ‫ݾ‬ΠϯμΫλϯε͸

()
L1 ∼16 mH (ൺಁ࣓཰ µr =12000 f ≲ 30 × 103 Hz ɺ()µr (f )=4.1×108 f −0.96 f ≳ 30 × 103 Hz ) ͱࢉग़Ͱ͖
·͢*5 ɻճ࿏ͷରশੑ͔Β৴߸‫֎ͱݯ‬෦ෛՙଆͷ֤த఺͔Β Gnd. Line ͕Ҿ͖ग़͞Ε·͢ɻ
͜͜·ͰདྷΔͱͲ͏Ͱ͠ΐ͏͔ɺਤ 8 Λ͝ཡ͍ͩ͘͞ɻ

ਤ7

CM ೖग़ྗ෦ͷ֦େਤ. BNC ͱέʔεؒʹϙϦΠϛυϑΟϧϜ͕ૠೖ͞ΕɺBNC ΛՃ଎‫ث‬άϥϯυ͔Βઈԑ͢ΔͨΊͷηϥϛοΫωδ͕‫͢·͑ݟ‬.

͜͜Ͱಉ࣠έʔϒϧ͸ɺLine1(த৺ಋମ) ͱ Line2(֎ಋମ) Ͱߏ੒͞Ε·͢ɻ௨ৗͷճ࿏ਤͰ͸͜ΕͰॆ෼Ͱ͢
͕ɺୈࡾͷάϥϯυઢ (Gnd. Line) ͕෇͚ՃΘ͍ͬͯΔ
͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ͷઢ͸࣮͸ΞʔεάϥϯυઢΛද

4. ৴߸఻ૹղੳͷͨΊͷ४උ
4.1.

͍ͯ͠·͢ɻಉ࣠έʔϒϧ͸ೋຊઢͰߏ੒͞Ε·͕͢ɺෳ਺ઢʹΑΔ఻ૹճ࿏ͱ͸ɺ࣮͸͜ͷΞʔεάϥϯυઢ౳Ձճ࿏͕ՃΘͬͨࡾຊઢͷ఻ૹճ࿏Λද͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ͞Βʹ͜

ਤ 8 ʹ৴߸఻ૹղੳͷͨΊͷ౳Ձճ࿏Λࣔ͠·͢ɻͷΞʔεάϥϯυઢʹ͸ɺ༨‫ͳܭ‬Πϯϐʔμϯε (Z3 ɺ*4 ౰ॳɺචऀ͸ɺ͜ͷѻ͍ͷҙຯ͕Α͘ཧղͰ͖·ͤΜͰͨ͠.

͢ͳΘͪɺ‫ط‬ଘ CM ʹ͸ϙϦΠϛυઈԑ͕ͳ͞Ε͍ͯͨͷͰɺ౰વͷ͝ͱ͘ CM ͷ Gnd. Λέʔεͷ Gnd. ͔Βු͔͢΂͖
ͱߟ͑·ͨ͠. ·ͨ౰࣌͸ɺҰ఺ Gnd. ͕ྑ͍ͱ৴͡ෛՙଆͰ
ͷΈ Gnd. ઀ଓ͢Ε͹Α͠ͱ͠ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆ͸‫׬‬શͳϙϦΠϛυ
ઈԑ͕༗ޮͰ͋Ζ͏ͱߟ͑·ͨ͠. ࠓ͔ΒৼΓฦΔͱɺલ೚ऀ
ʹΑΓߦΘΕͨ‫ط‬ଘ CM ʹର͢Δ͜ͷΑ͏ͳѻ͍͸ɺGnd. ʹର͢ΔઈԑޮՌΛாফ͠ʹ͢Δ΋ͷͰ͢. ݁Ռతʹ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆͷ
Acc Gnd. ͷ༗ແͱ͍͏ Gnd. ͷऔΓํͷҧ͍͕৴߸఻ૹʹେ͖ͳҧ͍Λ΋ͨΒ͢͜ͱʹͳΓ·ͨ͠. ͜ͷ݁࿦ΛಘΔͷʹਵ෼ͱ࣌ؒΛཁ͠·ͨ͠.

Z6 ) ͕෇͍͍ͯΔ͜ͱ΋Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ͷΞʔεάϥϯυઢͱ༨‫ͳܭ‬Πϯϐʔμϯεͷଘࡏ͕఻ૹճ࿏ʹग़‫͢ݱ‬ΔϊΠζੜ੒ͷ‫ݪ‬ҼʹͳΔ͜ͱ͕௥ͬͯΘ͔Γ·͢ɻ࣍અҎ߱Ͱଟॏઢ͔Β੒Δ఻ૹઢ࿏ཧ࿦Λ঺հ͠·͢ɻ͔͠͠ɺͦͷલʹਤ 8 ʹࣔ͢౳Ձճ࿏ʹ͓͍࣮ͯࡍ
ͷ CM Ͱ૝ఆ͞ΕΔύϥϝʔλΛԾఆ͢Ε͹ɺ৴߸఻ૹ

３－ 5*5 प೾਺ྖҬ f ≳ 30 × 103 Hz ʹ͓͚Δ࣓‫ؾ‬ಁ࣓཰ͷ߱Լ͸प೾਺ಛੑ (Χλϩά஋ [31]) ͔ΒಡΈऔΓ‫ʹࢉܭ‬औΓೖΕ·ͨ͠.

͕ͲͷΑ͏ʹ࣮‫͞ݱ‬ΕΔͷ͔Λ‫ʹࢉܭ‬ΑΓ࣮‫ͯ͠ײ‬௖͖߅ੑΠϯϐʔμϯε (R = 15 Ω) ΛԾఆ͍ͯ͠·͢*6 ɻ͍ͨͱࢥ͍·͢ɻҎԼʹɺͦͷ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅Λ·ͱΊ͓͖ͯ͢ͳΘͪɺe1 = VG (ω)ɺe2 = 0ɺZ3 = (R + jωL)/2ɺ

·͢ɻ

Z6 = (R + jωL)/2ɺZ4 = 50 ΩɺZ5 = 0 ͷ৔߹Λ‫ࢉܭ‬‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ (Case I) Ͱ͸ɺe1 = VG (ω)ɺe2 = 0ɺZ3 =৚݅ (Case III) ͱ͠·ͨ͠ɻ

Z6 = 0ɺZ4 = 50 ΩɺZ5 = 0 ͱ͓͖ɺਤ 6 ͷ Acc Gnd.

͜ͷΑ͏ʹਤ 6 ʹࣔ͢఻ૹઢ࿏͸୯७ͳೋઢ࿏

༗ͷ৔߹ʹରԠͤ͞·͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺGnd. Line ʹ༨‫ܭ‬Ͱ ͢ ͕ ɺ࣮ ͸ ਤ 8 ʹ ࣔ ͢ Α ͏ ʹ Gnd. ͸ ࡾ ൪ ໨ ͷ ઢͳΠϯϐʔμϯε͕ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍ (Z3 = Z6 = 0)ɺैͬͯ

(Gnd. Line) ͱͯ͠ผʹଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙͯͩ͘͠

Acc Gnd. ͱ P S Gnd. ͸ಉిҐʹͳΔɺͱ͍͏৚݅Ͱ

͍͞*7 ɻϊΠζ‫ͯ͞͠ͱݯ‬Βʹ e3 ͕ Gnd. Line ্ʹ͢ɻZ4 = 50 Ω ͸Φγϩ಺ଁͷऴ୺఍߅ (ෛՙ) ͷ͜ͱଘࡏ͢Ε͹ɺ΋͸΍ P S Gnd. ͱ Acc Gnd. ͸ੑ࣭ͷ

Ͱ͢ɻ·ͨɺి‫ͼٴݯ‬ෛՙ͕ඇରশ (e1 ̸= e2 ɺZ4 ̸= Z5 )Α͍ Gnd. Ͱ͸ͳ͘ͳΓ·͢ɻ͜ͷ͜ͱ͸ɺࡾઢ఻ૹ

ʹ഑ஔ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱΛද͠·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱಛ௃తͳ͜ͱ

ઢ࿏ʹಛ༗ͳ‫ݱ‬৅Ͱ Gnd. Λ༳Β͢‫ݪ‬ҼͱͳΓɺ͏·͸ɺΦγϩͷάϥϯυ P S Gnd. ͸ৗʹಋ௨͍ͯ͠·͘͢ରॲ͠ͳ͍ͱϊΠζੜ੒΍৴߸೾‫ܗ‬ͷ࿪ΈΛҾ͖‫ى‬͕ɺి‫ݯ‬෦ͷάϥϯυ Acc Gnd. ͷಋ௨৚݅Λߟྀͯ͜͢͠ཁҼͱͳΔͷͰ͢ɻCase III ͷෛՙ഑ஔͷରশੑ

͍Δ͜ͱͰ͢ɻ͜ͷ৚݅͸‫ط‬ଘ CM ͷ৚݅ʹରԠ͠ɺ఻

(Z4 = Z5 = 50 Ω) Λ͞Βʹߟྀͨ͠৔߹Λ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ૹઢ࿏ͷ‫ج‬ຊಛੑ͕ಘΒΕ·͢ɻ(Case IV) ͱ͠·ͨ͠ɻ͜ΕΒ 4 ͭͷ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ΛҎԼʹ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ (Case II) Ͱ͸ɺe1 = VG (ω)ɺe2 = 0ɺZ3 =·ͱΊ·͢ɻ

+∞ɺZ6 = 0ɺZ4 = 50 ΩɺZ5 = 0 ͱ͓͖ɺਤ 6 ͷ

ද1

Acc Gnd. ແͷ৔߹ʹରԠͤ͞·͢ɻ͜ͷ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅͸ɺCase

Acc Gnd. ͷಋ௨৚݅ͷΈΛม͑ͨ৔߹ʹରԠ͠·͢ɻࡾຊઢͷ఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ‫ྫࢉܭ‬.

Acc Gnd.

Gnd. Line Z [Ω]Ext. Loads Z [Ω]͜͜Ͱɺ஫ҙ͍ͨ͜͠ͱ͸ P S Gnd. ͱ Acc Gnd. ͱIͷؔ܎Ͱ͢ɻՃ଎‫ث‬ຊମ (ϏʔϜϥΠϯͷ͜ͱΛࢦ͠༗

Z 3 = Z6 = 0
Z4 = 50, Z5 = 0·͢) ͸ੵ‫ۃ‬తʹ͸ Gnd. ʹ઀ଓ͞Ε͍ͯ·ͤΜɻ͔͠II͠ɺਤ 1 ΛΑ͘‫͍ͩͯ͘͞ݟ‬ɻ΋͠৴߸‫ݯ‬෦ͷάϥϯແ

Z3 = +∞, Z6 = 0
Z4 = 50, Z5 = 0

υ Acc Gnd. ͕ಋ௨͞ΕΔͳΒ͹ɺCM έʔε → ਅIIIۭύΠϓ → Ճ଎؅ → ಋ೾؅ → ΫϥΠετϩϯ →༗

Z3 = Z6 = (R + jωL)/2(R = 15 Ω, L = 0.33 × 10−6 H)ΫϥΠετϩϯి‫ → ݯ‬෼ి൫ Gnd. ͱ͍͏‫ܦ‬࿏ (͜ΕZ4 = 50, Z5 = 0

Λ Gnd. Line Ͱ୅දͤ͞·͢) ͕ด͡Δ͜ͱʹͳΓɺIV

Acc Gnd. ͱ P S Gnd. ͕݁߹͞ΕΔ͜ͱʹͳΔͷͰ͢ɻ༗

Z3 = Z6 = (R + jωL)/2(R = 15 Ω, L = 0.33 × 10−6 H)͜ͷ͜ͱ͕Ճ଎‫ث‬ຊମ͸ੵ‫ۃ‬తͰ͸ͳؒ͘઀తʹ Gnd.

Z4 = Z5 = 50ʹ઀ଓ͞ΕΔͱ͍͏͜ͱΛҙຯ͠·͢ɻैͬͯɺCMέʔε͕ BNC Gnd. ʹ୹བྷ͍ͯ͠Ε͹ɺAcc Gnd. ͱ

P S Gnd. ͸ಉ࣠έʔϒϧΛ௨ͯ͠ Gnd. ͕௚઀୹བྷ͞

Case I–IV ʹରԠ͢Δ৴߸఻ૹಛੑͷ‫ྫࢉܭ‬͸ 5 અ

ΕΔͱಉ࣌ʹɺGnd. Line ͱ͍͏ผͷ‫ܦ‬࿏Ͱ΋݁߹͢Δ

ʹࣔ͞Ε·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱಋೖͨ͠౳Ձճ࿏ϞσϧͰ͸ɺ͜ͱʹͳΔ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ

Gnd. Line ্ͷ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆʹ Z3 ɺ֎෦ෛՙଆʹ Z6 ΛूதҰൠతʹɺ௚઀୹བྷͷΠϯϐʔμϯε͸ Gnd. Lineఆ਺ͱͯ͠഑ஔ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ͔͠͠ɺ࣮ࡍ͸͜ΕΒͷूͷͦΕʹൺ΂ॆ෼খ͘͞ɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷ Line2 ͕৴தఆ਺Λ෼෍ఆ਺ͱͯ͠෼ࢄͤ͞Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ɻ͜߸ిྲྀͷ‫ؐؼ‬࿏ʹͳΔͱߟ͑ͯΑ͍Ͱ͠ΐ͏ɻ͜ͷΑ͏͜Ͱ͸؆୯ͷͨΊूதఆ਺ͱ͓͖ͯ͠·͢ɻͳ৔߹ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆͱ֎෦ෛՙଆͷ Gnd. ؒʹిҐࠩ͸ੜ

4.2.

ฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹ͡·ͤΜɻ͔͠͠ɺCM έʔε͕ BNC Gnd. ʹର͠ුຊઅͰ͸ɺฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ (balanced-unbalanced cir-͍͍ͯΔ৔߹ (Acc Gnd. ແ)ɺ΋͘͠͸ Acc Gnd. ༗ͷcuit) ʹ͍ͭͯղઆ͠·͢ɻਤ 6 ʹࣔ͞Εͨ౳Ձճ࿏͸ঢ়ଶͰ΋ͦͷ‫ܦ‬࿏্ʹԿΒ͔ͷΠϯϐʔμϯε͕ଘࡏ͢Ε͹ (Z3 ̸= 0, Z6 ̸= 0)ɺP S Gnd. ͱ Acc Gnd. ؒͷGnd. Line ʹ͸ΠϯϐʔμϯεʹԠͨ͡ిҐ͕ࠩੜ͡Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻCase III ͸͜ͷΑ͏ͳ৔߹Λ૝ఆͨ͠΋ͷͰɺGnd. Line ্ʹ༠ಋੑ (L = 0.33 µH) ͱ఍

３－ 6*6 ఍߅ੑΠϯϐʔμϯεʹ͍ͭͯ͸σδϘϧͰ࣮ଌͨ͠఍߅஋Ͱ

͢. ଞํɺલऀ͸ LCR ϝʔλͰ࣮ଌͨ͠ΠϯμΫλϯεͰ͕͢ɺप೾਺ଳҬ͕‫( ͍ڱ‬f ≲10 kHz) ͷͰ৴པੑ͸ߴ͋͘Γ·ͤΜ.
*7 චऀ͸౔‫ࢯذ‬ͷߨٛΛฉ͍ͨ‫ޙ‬ɺॳΊͯ͜ͷߟ͑ΛཧղͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΓ·ͨ͠.

ෆฏߧճ࿏ (unbalanced circuit) ͱ‫ݺ‬͹Ε·͢ɻ͜Ε͸

ର͢Δ܎਺ 1/2 ͕‫͍ͯͬͳʹٯ‬Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙͯͩ͘͠఻ૹઢ࿏͕ɺରশͰ͸ͳ͘จࣈ௨Γฏߧ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ઢ

͍͞ɻ

࿏Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱΛҙຯ͠·͢ɻҰํɺฏߧճ࿏ (balancedฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ d Ϟʔυ৴߸ͷ఻ૹ͸༏Εٕͨ๏

circuit) ͸ɺରশੑΛ༗͠จࣈ௨Γฏߧ͍ͯ͠Δઢ࿏ΛͰ͕͢ɺ༉அΛ͢Δͱ೾‫ܗ‬࿪Έ΍ϊΠζੜ੒ͷ‫ݪ‬Ҽͱͳ‫͢·͍ݴ‬ɻ఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͍ͯ྆ऀ͸ॏཁͳ໾ׂΛ୲ͬͯΔ c Ϟʔυ͕ੜ͡қ͘ͳΔͷͰ஫ҙ͕ඞཁͰ͢ɻ‫ޙ‬અͰ͍·͢ɻ͞Βʹղઆ͠·͕͢ɺ͜ͷ͜ͱ͸ c Ϟʔυͷ৴߸఻ૹͱ

ߴ଎σδλϧճ࿏Ͱ͸ɺෆฏߧճ࿏͸ยઢ઀஍ճ࿏

ϊΠζੜ੒͕‫͢܎ؔ͘ڧ‬Δ͜ͱʹ‫ى‬Ҽ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻैͬ(single-ended circuit)ɺࠩಈճ࿏ (diﬀerential circuit)ͯɺฏߧճ࿏ͷಛ௃Λ༗ޮʹར༻͢Δʹ͸ c Ϟʔυͷੜͱ΋‫ݺ‬͹Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻզʑ͕͠͹͠͹ར༻͢Δෆฏߧճ੒‫ݪ‬ཧΛΑ͘ཧղ͠ɺ‫ྗۃ‬཈੍͢ΔΑ͏ͳ఻ૹઢ࿏Λߏ࿏Ͱ͸ยઢ͕઀஍͞ΕΔͷͰɺଞઢͷిҐΛ‫ܭ‬ଌ͢Δ͜

ங͓͔ͯ͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΓ·ͤΜɻଞ ํ ɺෆ ฏ ߧ ճ ࿏ ͱ ‫ Ͳ ͑ ݴ‬΋ |Z2 | (or |Z5 |) ≫ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪยઢͷిҐΛ‫ج‬४ʹͯ͠ଞઢͷిҐΛ‫ܭ‬ଌ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻଞํɺฏߧճ࿏Ͱ͸ೋຊͷ৴߸ઢ͕ࡾ൪໨ͷ Gnd. Line ʹର͠ු͍͍ͯΔͷ|Z3 | (or |Z6 |) ͷΑ͏ͳ৔߹ɺLine2 ͸ిྲྀʹର͠ຊདྷͷ‫ؐؼ‬ઢ࿏Ͱ͸ແ͘ͳΓɺGnd. Line ͕‫ؐؼ‬ઢ࿏ͱͰඞવͱͯ͠ࡾઢͷ఻ૹઢ࿏ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ఻ͳͬͯ͠·͍·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ͜ͱʹͳΒͳ͍Α͏ʹɺૹઢ࿏Ͱ͸ɺGnd. Line ʹର͢Δೋઢͷ֤ిҐ͕ଘࡏΑ͘Α͘஫ҙ͢΂͖Ͱ͢ɻ͜͜Ͱड़΂ͨ͜ͱ͸ɺຊߨٛ͠ɺύϥϝʔλͷ਺͸ 2 ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ‫ܭ‬ଌ͞ΕΔ৴߸ͷςʔϚͰ͋Γຊ࣭తͳ఺Λ‫͍ݴ‬ද͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ͸ɺύϥϝʔλͷ਺ʹରԠͯ͠ೋઢͷిҐͷ࿨ͱ͔ࠩΒ

4.3.

ͳΔ̎Ϟʔυͷ৴߸͕‫ڞ‬ଘ͠ɺ఻ૹઢ࿏Λ఻೻͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ [25]ɻ

৴߸఻ૹͷղੳ

ฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹͷཧ࿦తͳղੳख๏
͸ࢀߟ࿦จ [33] Ͱৄࡉʹٞ࿦͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ͸ɺෆฏߧճ࿏Ͱ͸σΟϑΣϨϯγϟϧϞʔυ (d, diﬀer-ղੳͰॏཁͱͳΔ֓೦Λड़΂ΔʹཹΊɺ‫͔ͭز‬ͷղੳ݁

ential mode) ͕ಛ௃తͰ͕͢ɺฏߧճ࿏Ͱ͸σΟϑΣϨ

ՌΛࣔ͠·͢ɻฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹͷཧ࿦ϯγϟϧϞʔυʹՃ͑ɺಛ௃తͳίϞϯϞʔυ (c, com-ͷ঺հ͸࣍અͰߦ͍·͢ɻ

mon mode) ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻσΟϑΣϨϯ

ਤ 9 ʹɺฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹͷղੳΛߦγϟϧϞʔυ͸͠͹͠͹ϊʔϚϧϞʔυ (normal mode)͏ͨΊʹཹҙ͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍৴߸఻ૹͷ 4 ͭͷ‫ܗ‬ଶͱ΋‫ݺ‬͹Ε·͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺ̎Ϟʔυͱ͸ d Ϟʔυͱ c

Λ·ͱΊ·ͨ͠ɻ

Ϟʔυͷ͜ͱΛ‫͕͢·͍ݴ‬ɺ͜ΕΒ͸૯শͯࠞ͠߹Ϟʔυ (mixed mode) ͱ΋‫ݺ‬͹Ε·͢ɻ఻ૹઢ࿏Ͱ͸͜ΕΒ
ͷ 2 Ϟʔυ͕ଌఆྔʹͳΔ͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ
ฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͍ͯɺยઢͷిҐͱిྲྀΛͦΕͧΕ V1 ɺ

I1 ɺଞઢΛͦΕͧΕ V2 ɺI2 ͱ͠ɺc ϞʔυͷిҐͱిྲྀΛ
Vc ɺIc ɺd ϞʔυͷͦΕΒΛ Vd ɺId ͱ͠·͢ͱɺ͜ΕΒ͸(2)–(5) ࣜͰఆٛ͞Ε·͢ɻਤ 8 ʹ͜ΕΒͷϞʔυిҐͱిྲྀΛ໛ࣜతʹྫ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻैͬͯ d Ϟʔυʹ͓͚Δಠཱͨ͠ύϥϝʔλ਺͸ɺؔ܎ࣜ V1 ̸= 0, V2 = 0ɺI1 = −I2 ͔Β 2 ͱͳΓɺc Ϟʔυʹ͓͚Δύϥϝʔλ਺͸ɺͦΕͧΕ͕ಠཱͳͷͰ 4 ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜ΕΒͷॾྔ͸఻ૹઢ࿏ͷઢ࿏Ґஔ z ʹґଘ͢Δ෺ཧྔͰ͋Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͓͖ͯ͠·͢ɻϞʔυిҐ (ిྲྀ) ͱઢిҐ (ిྲྀ)ਤ9ͷؔ܎ΛҎԼʹ͓͖ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ1
Vc (z) ≡ (V1 (z) + V2 (z))
2
Ic (z) ≡ I1 (z) + I2 (z)Vd (z) ≡ V1 (z) − V2 (z)1Id (z) ≡ (I1 (z) − I2 (z))
2ฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ c ‫ ͼٴ‬d Ϟʔ

υͷ 4 ͭͷҟͳΔ఻ૹ࢟ଶ. (a)–(c) ͷৄࡉ͸ද 2 Λࢀর͍ͯͩ͘͠͞.

(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

͜͜Ͱ d Ϟʔυͱ c ϞʔυͰ͸ɺϞʔυిҐͱిྲྀʹ

ਤ 8 ʹରԠ͢Δฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏Ͱੜ੒͞ΕΔయ‫ܕ‬త
ͳ 4 ͭͷ఻ૹ࢟ଶΛ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻྫ͑͹ਤ 9 (a) Λ‫͍ͩͯ͘͞ݟ‬ɻਅதʹෛՙ͕Ґஔͦ͠ͷ྆ଆʹ͸৴߸‫ݯ‬͕ஔ͔Εɺࠨӈͷਤ͸ҟͳΔ఻ૹ࢟ଶΛࣔ͠·͢ɻਤ 9

３－ 7

(a)–(c) ʹ࠷΋‫ج‬ຊͱͳΔ‫ڞ‬௨ͷ఻ૹ࢟ଶΛ֤ࠨਤʹࣔචऀ͸ɺΦγϩͷೖྗ෦ͱಉ࣠έʔϒϧؒʹνϣʔΫ͠·͢ɻਤ 9 (a)–(c) ͷӈਤ͕ҟͳΔ఻ૹ࢟ଶΛද͠ɺίΠϧΛૠೖͯ͠ c ϞʔυϊΠζΛ཈੍͠Α͏ͱԿ౓΋‫ج‬ຊͱͳΔ఻ૹ࢟ଶͱ߹Θͤͯ 4 ͭͷҟͳΔ఻ૹ࢟ଶΛࢼΈ·ͨ͠ɻ͔͠͠ɺ΋͠৴߸‫͍҃ݯ‬͸఻ૹ్தͰ‫ʹط‬ඳ͍͍ͯ·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱɺෛՙʹ͸ P S Gnd. ͕઀ଓͯ͠c Ϟʔυ͔Β d Ϟʔυ΁ͷม‫͕׵‬ੜ͍ͯ͡Ε͹ɺෛՙଆ͍·͢ͷͰ d Ϟʔυ͸‫ܭ‬ଌ͞Ε·͕͢ɺΦγϩΛ༻͍Δ

ʹνϣʔΫίΠϧΛ‫ز‬ॏʹૠೖ͠Α͏ͱ΋ޮՌ͕ͳ͍ͷ

ͱͳΔͱ c Ϟʔυ͸௚઀తʹ͸‫ܭ‬ଌͰ͖ͳ͍͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͸͜ͷ͜ͱΛҙຯ͍ͯ͠·͢*8 ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹɺࡾຊͷ఻͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ͜Ε͸ɺࡾ൪໨ͷઢͱͳΔ Gnd. Line ʹૹઢ࿏Ͱ͸ෳ਺ͷ఻ૹ࢟ଶ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΔͷͰɺ

ର͠ɺP S Gnd. ͕୹བྷ͍ͯ͠Δ͔ΒͰ͢ɻc Ϟʔυੜ੒ͱ d Ϟʔυ఻ૹͷ೾‫ܗ‬࿪Έͷ཈੍͕؊ཁͱ

·ͣ͸ɺਤ 9 (a) Λ͝ཡ͍ͩ͘͞ɻ͜ͷஈ֊Ͱ͸ਤதͷύϥϝʔλͷҙຯΛઆ໌͍ͯ͠·ͤΜͷͰɺͦͷ֓ͳΓ·͢ɻද 2 ʹਤ 9 ʹࣔͨ͠఻ૹ࢟ଶΛ·ͱΊ͓͖ͯ·͢ɻ೦Λཧղ͢ΔΑ͏ʹ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻৄࡉ͸࣍અͰղઆ͠

ද2

·͢ɻ

ฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸ͷ఻ૹ࢟ଶ.

ରԠਤࠨ৴߸‫( ݯ‬edd ) ͸ओϞʔυͰ͋Δ d Ϟʔυͷ৴߸‫ʹݯ‬ి‫ݯ‬ΑΔ఻ૹઢ࿏Λද͓ͯ͠Γɺ͜ͷ఻ૹ࢟ଶ͸֤ਤ (ਤ 9(a)–(c)) Ͱ‫ڞ‬௨Ͱ͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪ৴߸‫ Ͱݯ‬d Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞Εɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧʹΑΓϞʔυ͕มΘΔ͜ͱͳ͘఻ૹ
͞ΕɺΦγϩͰ d Ϟʔυ‫ܭ‬ଌ͕ߦΘΕ·͢ɻଞํɺਤ 9 (a) ͷӈ৴߸‫( ݯ‬ecc ) Ͱ͸ c Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞

Ϟʔυ

Ϟʔυ

Ϟʔυ

ి‫ݯ‬ଆ

έʔϒϧ

ෛՙଆ

(a)–(c) ࠨ

edd

d

d

d

(a) ӈ

ecc

c

c

(b) ӈ

edc

d

(c) ӈ

ecd

c→d

c→d

d→c

c

d

c→d

Εɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧʹΑΓϞʔυ͕มΘΔ͜ͱͳ͘఻ૹ͞
ΕɺෛՙͰ c Ϟʔυ͔Β d Ϟʔυ΁ͷม‫͕׵‬ੜ͡ d Ϟʔ

5. ౳Ձճ࿏ʹΑΔղੳυ‫ܭ‬ଌ͕ߦΘΕ·͢ɻਤ 9 (b) ͸ɺӈ৴߸‫( ݯ‬edc ) Ͱ cϞʔυ͕ੜ੒͞Ε৴߸‫ Ͱݯ‬d Ϟʔυ΁ͷม‫͕׵‬ੜ͡ɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧʹΑΓ d Ϟʔυ͕఻ૹ͞ΕɺෛՙͰ d Ϟʔυ‫ܭ‬ଌ͕ߦΘΕ·͢ɻਤ 9 (c) ͸ɺӈ৴߸‫( ݯ‬ecd ) Ͱ d Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞Ε৴߸‫ Ͱݯ‬c Ϟʔυ΁ͷม‫͕׵‬ੜ͡ɺಉ࣠έʔϒϧʹΑΓ cϞʔυ͕఻ૹ͞ΕɺෛՙͰ c Ϟʔυ͔Β d Ϟʔυ΁ͷม‫͕׵‬ੜ͡ɺd Ϟʔυ‫ܭ‬ଌ͕ߦΘΕ·͢ɻਤ 9 (c) Ͱ͸Ϟʔυม‫ ͕׵‬2 ճੜ͡ΔͨΊɺਤ 9 (a)ɺ(b) ʹൺ΂ΑΓߴ߲࣍ʹͳΓ·͢ɻࠨ৴߸‫ʹݯ‬ΑΔ఻ૹϞʔυͰ΋ಉ༷ͳߴ߲͕࣍ߟྀͰ͖·͕͢ɺ͜ͷߴ߲࣍Λແࢹ͠ c ϞʔυʹΑΔߴ߲࣍ΛదٓऔΓೖΕͯ‫͢·͍ͯ͠ࢉܭ‬ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹɺ఻ૹઢ࿏Ͱ͸ෳࡶͳϞʔυੜ੒‫ͼٴ‬ม‫׵‬աఔΛ௨ͯ͠ 2 ͭͷ఻ૹϞʔυ͕ಉ࣌ʹଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱ
͕ཧղͰ͖·͢ɻͦΕͰ͸ɺ2 ͭͷ఻ૹϞʔυͷੜ੒աఔΛߟ࡯ͯ͠ߦ͖·͠ΐ͏ɻຊདྷͷ CM ʹ‫ͮ͘ج‬৴߸‫( ݯ‬edd ) ʹΑΓɺd Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞Ε·͢ɻզʑ͕‫ܭ‬ଌ͍ͨ͠৴߸͸͜ͷ d ϞʔυͰɺΦγϩʹΑΓ‫ܭ‬ଌ͕ՄೳͰ͢ɻଞํɺc Ϟʔυ͸‫ݩ‬ʑଘࡏ͠ͳ͔ͬͨ΋ͷͰɺ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷಛੑʹΑΓੜ੒͞Εͨͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻͦͷੜ੒աఔ͸ɺ౳Ձతͳ৴߸‫( ݯ‬ecc ɺecd ) ʹΑΓੜ੒͞ΕͨΓɺ͍҃͸఻ૹ్தʹ͓͍ͯ d Ϟʔυ͔Βม‫ͨ͠׵‬΋ͷฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏఻ૹઢ࿏ͷཧ࿦͸·ͩղઆ͓ͯ͠Γ·ͤΜ͕ɺ͜͜Ͱ͸લઅͷ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ʹࣔͨ͠య‫ܕ‬తͳղੳ݁ՌΛ঺հ͠·͢ɻཧ૝తͳ఻ૹઢ࿏Ͱ͸ෛՙͰͷ੔߹৚݅ʹԠͯ͡൓ࣹ೾͕ੜ͡ɺઢ࿏಺ʹ͸ਐߦ೾ͱ൓ࣹ೾
͕ॏ৞͞Εఆࡏ೾͕ੜ੒͞Ε·͢ɻ੔߹৚݅Λຬ଍͢Δ
৔߹Ͱ΋൓ࣹ೾͸ফࣦ͠·͕͢ɺCW Ԡ౴ͷ‫ܭ‬ଌͰ‫ܭ‬ଌ‫ج‬४఺΍प೾਺ʹґଘͨ͠ఆࡏ೾Λ‫ܭ‬ଌ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ
·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷप೾਺Ԡ౴Λ‫ܭ‬ଌຢ͸‫ࢉܭ‬
͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Ε͹ɺฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹΑΔ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷྑ͠ѱ͠ΛධՁͰ͖·͢ɻਤ 10 ͸ɺ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case I(ද 1 ࢀর) ͷղੳ݁ՌΛࣔ͠·͢ɻਤ 10 (a) ͸ग़ྗৼ෯ (࣮਺੒෼ [dBV]) ͷप೾਺ಛੑ*9 Λࣔ͠ɺਤ 10 (b) ͸ग़ྗҐ૬ ([deg.]ɺ±180oͰఆٛ) ͷप೾਺ಛੑΛࣔ͠·͢ (ҎԼಉ༷)ɻ͜ͷ݁Ռ͸ɺෲͱઅ͕൒प‫܁ʹͱ͝ظ‬Γฦ͞ΕΔ࿪Έͷແ͍ཧ૝తͳप೾਺ಛੑΛ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ͔͠΋Ґ૬࿪Έ΋ແ͍ͷͰग़ྗͷप೾਺ಛੑ͸ཧ૝తͰ͢ɻ͔͠͠ͳ͕Βɺओd Ϟʔυ (੺ઢ) ʹର͠Ϟʔυม‫ʹ׵‬ΑΓੜͨ͡ c Ϟʔυ (੨ઢ) ͷେ͖͞͸ɺ࠷େৼ෯ͷͱ͜ΖͰͦͷৼ෯ࠩ͸∼6 dB ఔ౓ͱͳΓϞʔυม‫׵‬ͷׂ߹͸ൺֱతେ͖͍͜ͱ
͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ͷ‫͔ྫࢉܭ‬ΒΘ͔ΔΑ͏ʹཧ૝తͳ఻

ͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻϊΠζੜ੒ͱ‫͢܎ؔ͘ڧ‬Δ c Ϟʔυ͸‫ྗۃ‬཈੍͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δͱ͍͏ͷ͸͜ͷ͜ͱΛҙຯͯ͠
͍·͢ɻ*8 νϣʔΫίΠϧ͸ c Ϟʔυ཈੍ʹ͸ޮՌΛൃ‫͕͢·͠ش‬ɺd Ϟʔυ཈੍ʹ͸શ͘Ө‫ͤ·͠ڹ‬Μ.
*9 ग़ྗৼ෯͸ɺf =0.1 MHz Ͱ 0 dBV (1 V) ͱͳΔΑ͏ʹ‫֨ن‬Խ͍ͯ͠·͢.

３－ 8ૹઢ࿏ͱ‫Ͳ͑ݴ‬΋ɺ͜ͷ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅Ͱ͸গͳ͔Βͣ c Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞ΕΔ͜ͱΛҙຯ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ͜Ε͸ɺཧ૝తͳෆฏߧճ࿏ͱ‫Ͳ͑ݴ‬΋৴߸‫ͱݯ‬ෛՙ഑ஔͷඇରশੑʹ‫ى‬Ҽͯ͠ൺֱతେ͖ͳϞʔυม‫͕׵‬ੜ͡ΔྫΛ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷ݁Ռ͸ɺ‫ط‬ଘ CM (CM1, CM2) ʹΑΓ‫؍‬ଌ͞ΕΔ৴߸೾‫ܗ‬ͷप೾਺ಛੑʹ͍ۙͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻਤ 11 ͸ɺ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case II(ද 1 ࢀর) ͷղੳ݁ՌΛࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷճ࿏ͷ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆ͸ฏߧճ࿏ʹͳ͓ͬͯΓɺෛՙଆ͸ෆฏߧճ࿏ʹͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ࣮͸͜ͷճ࿏͸ฏߧճ࿏ͱෆฏߧճ࿏͕িಥ͓ͯ͠Γɺ௨ৗ͸‫͞ࢭې‬
ΕΔճ࿏ߏ੒Ͱ͢ɻղੳʹΑΔͱ྆Ϟʔυʹର͠प೾਺
ಛੑ͸େ͖͘࿪Έɺ఻ૹ৴߸ʹେ͖ͳྼԽΛࣔ͢‫ྫࢉܭ‬ʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻਤ 12 ͸ɺ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case III(ද 1 ࢀর) ͷղੳ݁ՌΛࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷճ࿏͸ Case II ͱಉ༷ͳ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅Ͱ͕͢ɺಛʹ Gnd. Line ্ʹΠϯϐʔμϯε͕ଘࡏ͢Δ৔߹ͷ‫ྫࢉܭ‬Λ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻղੳʹΑΔͱ྆Ϟʔυͷप೾਺ಛੑ͸େ͖͘࿪Έɺ఻ૹ৴߸ʹେ͖ͳྼԽΛࣔͯ͠
͍Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ͷ݁Ռ͸ɺϊΠζରࡦվमલ
ͷ৽‫ ن‬CM (CM3) ʹΑΓ‫؍‬ଌ͞ΕΔ৴߸೾‫ܗ‬ͷप೾਺ಛੑʹ͍ۙͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻਤ 10‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case I ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ. ੺ઢ (੨ઢ): d(c) Ϟʔυਤ 13 ͸ɺ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case IV(ද 1 ࢀর) ͷղੳ݁ՌΛ

ղੳ݁Ռ. ಉ࣠έʔϒϧ௕: l = 15 m.

ࣔ͠·͢ɻղੳʹΑΔͱ d Ϟʔυͷৼ෯ͱҐ૬ʹର͢Δप೾਺ಛੑʹ͸࿪Έ͸ຆͲ‫ݟ‬ΒΕ͍ͯ·ͤΜɻ͜ͷճ࿏
͸ Case III ͱಉ༷ͳ‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅Ͱ͕͢ɺෛՙଆ͕ฏߧճ࿏
ʹͳ͓ͬͯΓɺ‫׬‬શͰ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ͕ରশੑ͕ߴ͍ճ࿏
ߏ੒ͱͳ͍ͬͯ·͢ɻ͜ͷ “ରশੑ͕ߴ͍” ͱ͍͏͜ͱ
͕ɺc ϞʔυΛେ͖͘཈੍͠ɺ఻ૹ࿪Έͷগͳ͍ d Ϟʔυ఻ૹΛՄೳʹ͢ΔͷͰ͢ɻ͜Ε·Ͱྫূͨ͠య‫ܕ‬తͳ‫͔ྫࢉܭ‬Β c Ϟʔυ཈੍ʹର͢Δ‫ج‬ຊతͳߟ͑ํ͕͓෼
Γ௖͚Δͱࢥ͍·͢ɻਤ 11‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case II ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

３－ 9

6. ฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹ
6.1.

৴߸఻ૹཧ࿦

͜͜Ͱฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹཧ࿦Λ঺հ͢͠Δ͜ͱʹ͠·͢ɻి‫ؾ‬ճ࿏ͷཧ࿦ʹ‫಺͍ͨͮج‬༰Ͱ͢ͷͰ೉͍͜͠ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜɻࣜͷಋग़͸ɺҰ౓͸֤ࣗͰࢼΈ͍ͯͩ͘͞ɻ
ࡾຊઢΛ‫ج‬ຊͱ͢Δฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹͷཧ࿦తͳղੳख๏Λ঺հ͠·͢ɻ(2)–(5) ࣜͰ͸ɺઢిҐ (ిྲྀ)V1 (I1 )ɺV2 (I2 ) ͱϞʔυిҐ (ిྲྀ)Vc (Ic ) (cϞʔυ)ɺVd (Id ) (d Ϟʔυ) ͕ఆٛ͞Ε·ͨ͠ɻ͜ΕΒͷॾྔ͸͜ͷఆٛࣜʹै͏ͱɺߦྻ‫Ͱࣜܗ‬ද‫͞ݱ‬ΕҎԼͷؔ܎ʹ͋Γ·͢ɻ

(

(
)
) (
)
)(
V1 (z)Vd (z)
1/2 1
Vd (z)≡ TV ·=(6)−1/2 1V2 (z)Vc (z)Vc (z)
(
)
) (
)
)(
(
I (z)
1 1/2
Id (z)I1 (z)≡ TI · d=(7)
Ic (z)−1 1/2I2 (z)Ic (z)‫ج‬ຊ৴߸ઢͱͳΔೋઢ্ͷઢిѹ (ిྲྀ) ʹର͠ม‫׵‬

ߦྻ TV−1 (TI−1 ) Λద༻͢Δͱɺ࣮ࡍͷଌఆྔͱͳΔϞʔਤ 12‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case III ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

υిѹ (ిྲྀ) ʹม‫͖Ͱ׵‬Δ͜ͱΛද͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ͜ΕΒͷॾྔ͸ɺप೾਺ྖҬʹ͓͚Δ‫ܭ‬ଌΛ૝ఆ͠ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬Λ‫( ఺ج‬z=0) ͱͨ͠఻ૹ‫ ཭ڑ‬z ͷؔ਺Ͱද‫͞ݱ‬Ε·͢ɻ৴߸‫͍͓ͯʹݯ‬Ϟʔυిѹ (ిྲྀ) ʹରԠ͢ΔΠϯϐʔμϯεߦྻ (ZG ) Λಋೖ͠ɺΩϧώϗοϑͷ๏ଇΛదԠ
͠·͢ͱϞʔυిѹͱిྲྀͷؔ܎͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹͳΓ·͢ɻ(

Vd (0)Vc (0)

)

=

(

edd
ecc

)

− ZG ·(Id (0)Ic (0))(8)

͜͜Ͱ ZG ߦྻ͸

ZG ≡
=

(

(

ZGdd
ZGcd

ZGdc
ZGcc

Z1 + Z 2(Z1 − Z2 )/2)(Z1 − Z2 )/2Z3 + (Z1 + Z2 )/4

)

(9)

Ͱ͢ɻ

edd (ecc ) ͸ d (c) ϞʔυʹରԠͨ͠৴߸‫ݯ‬Λද͠ɺߦྻද‫ݱ‬Λ͠·͢ͱ

(

edd
ecc

)

)
(
e1 + e3≡ TV−1 ·−e2 + e3()
e1 + e2=(e1 − e2 )/2 + e3

(10)ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ·ͱΊ·͢ͱ (8) ࣜɺ(9) ࣜ‫( ͼٴ‬10) ͔ࣜΒɺc Ϟʔυੜ੒͸ҎԼͷ৚͕݅‫ج‬ຊͱͳΓ·͢ɻਤ 13‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case IV ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

(i) ZG ߦྻͷඇର֯੒෼͕θϩͰͳ͍͜ͱɺ͢ͳΘͪZ1 ̸= Z2 (ඇରশ಺෦ෛՙ) Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱɺ

３－ 10

(ii) ৴߸‫ݯ‬ͷඇରশੑɺ͢ͳΘͪ e1 ̸= e2 Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱɺ·͢ɻ͜ΕΒͷϞʔυిѹͱిྲྀ͸ɺ఻ૹઢ࿏ʹԊͬͯෛՙ(iii) Gnd. Line ্ʹୈࡾͷ৴߸‫( ݯ‬e3 ) ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ͜

ʹ޲͔ͬͯ఻೻͠·͢ɻϞʔυ৴߸͸֤ϞʔυʹରԠ͠ͱɺ(iv) Gnd. Line ্ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆʹΠϯϐʔμϯε (Z3 ) ͕ͨసૹߦྻΛ༻͍ͯҎԼʹఆࣜԽ͞Ε·͢ɻ())
Vd (0)Vd (z)≡ Td ·Id (z)Id (0)(())
Vc (z)Vc (0)≡ Tc ·Ic (z)Ic (0)(

ଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱɺ(v) Gnd. Line ্ɺෛՙଆʹΠϯϐʔμϯε (Z6 ) ͕ଘ
ࡏ͢Δ͜ͱɺ

(vi) ZL ߦྻͷඇର֯੒෼͕θϩͰͳ͍͜ͱɺ͢ͳΘͪ
Z4 ̸= Z5 (ඇରশෛՙ) Ͱ͋Δ͜ͱɺ

(13)
(14)

͜͜Ͱ Td (Tc ) ͸ d (c) Ϟʔυʹର͢ΔసૹߦྻͰ͢ɻ
೾਺Λ β = 2π/λ ͱ͓͘ͱɺసૹߦྻ͸ͦΕͧΕҎԼͷ͕৚݅ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ೗ԿͰ͠ΐ͏͔ɻ͜ΕΒͷ৚݅͸ɺ‫ʹط‬લઅͰղઆ͠

Α͏ʹͳΓ·͢ (෇࿥ A ࢀর)ɻͨࣄ߲Ͱ͕͢ɺ࠶౓֬ೝ͠·͢ͱಛʹ Gnd. Line ্ʹTd ≡༨‫ͳܭ‬Πϯϐʔμϯεͱ৴߸‫͕ݯ‬ଘࡏ͢Ε͹ɺͦΕͧΕ(9) ࣜͱ (10) ͔ࣜΒ c Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Tc ≡Γ·͢ɻ·ͨɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆͷΠϯϐʔμϯεͱ৴߸‫ݯ‬ͷ഑ஔΛ‫͍ͩͯ͘͞ݟ‬ɻΠϯϐʔμϯεͱ৴߸‫ؔ͠ʹݯ‬ɺඇରশͳ഑ஔ͕ଘࡏͯ͠΋ c Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ΕΒͷ৚݅͸શͯಠཱࣄ৅ͱͳΓɺ1 ͭͰ(cos(βz)−j sin(βz)/Zdcos(βz)−j sin(βz)/Zc

(15)
(16)

Zd ɺZc ͸֤ϞʔυʹରԠͨ͠఻ૹઢ࿏ͷΠϯϐʔμϯεΛද͠ɺ͜ΕΒ͸

(

Zd
Zc

΋৚͕݅ग़‫͢ݱ‬Ε͹ c Ϟʔυ͕ੜ੒͞ΕΔ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ‫ޙ‬ड़͠·͕͢ɺ৚݅ (v) ͱ (vi) ͸ෛՙଆʹؔ܎ͨ͠৚݅Ͱ͢ɻ͜Ε͚ͩͷղੳͰ͕͢ɺେมॏཁͳࣄ߲͕ཧ

)−jZd sin(βz)
cos(βz))−jZc sin(βz)
cos(βz)

(

)

=

(

2v(L11 − L12 )v(L11 + L12 )/2

)

(17)

Ͱ༩͑ΒΕ·͢ (෇࿥ B ࢀর)ɻղͰ͖·͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺc Ϟʔυੜ੒Λ཈੍͢Δʹ͸ɺ఻

L11 ɺL12 ͸఻ૹઢ࿏ͷΠϯμΫλϯεߦྻ L ͷ੒෼ૹઢ࿏ͷߏ੒ཁૉͷ഑ஔ͸ରশʹ͢Δ͜ͱɺGnd. LineΛද͠ɺ୯Ґ௕͞౰ΓͰఆٛ͞ΕɺͦΕͧΕɺઢ࿏ 1 ͷ্ʹ͸༨‫ͳܭ‬৴߸‫ݯ‬΍ΠϯϐʔμϯεΛ഑ஔ͠ͳ͍͜ͱ

ࣗ‫ݾ‬ΠϯμΫλϯεɺઢ࿏ 1-2 ؒͷ૬‫ޓ‬ΠϯμΫλϯε

͕৚݅ͱͳΓ·͢ɻΛද͠·͢ɻ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷΠϯμΫλϯεߦྻ L ͸΋͜͠ͷΑ͏ͳ৚͕݅ຬ଍͞Εͳ͍ͱɺྫ͑͹৚݅ (i)L≡ͷ৔߹ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ଆʹ͓͚ΔΠϯϐʔμϯεߦྻͷඇର֯੒෼Λ௨ͯ͠Ϟʔυ͕‫ʹ͍ޓ‬ม‫͞׵‬ΕɺϞʔυిྲྀͱඇର֯੒෼ͱͷੵʹΑΓܾ·Δ c Ϟʔυ͕ग़‫͢·͠ݱ‬ɻ͜ͷ͜ͱ͸ɺϞʔυม‫׵‬Λ୲͏৴߸‫ݯ‬ɺ‫ͱ͢·͑׵͍ݴ‬c → d ม‫( ݯ׵‬edc ) ຢ͸ d → c ม‫( ݯ׵‬ecd ) ͱ͍͏ผͷ৴߸‫͕ݯ‬ଘࡏ͢Δ͜ͱͱ౳Ձͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻ͜ΕΒͷॾྔ͸ɺਤ 9 ʹ‫ͨ͠ه‬৴߸ม‫Ͱݯ׵‬͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹఆࣜԽ͞Ε·͢ɻ

(
L11
L21

L12
L22

)

=

(
L11
L12

L12
L11

)

(18)

Ͱఆٛ͞Ε·͢ɻຊߘͰٞ࿦͢Δ఻ૹઢ࿏͸ಉ࣠έʔϒϧͰ͢ͷͰɺL11 = L22 ̸= 0ɺL12 = L21 = 0 ͷؔ܎͕

͋Γ·͢*10 . ͜ͷΑ͏ʹఆࣜԽ͢Ε͹ (13) ࣜͱ (14) ͔ࣜΒ೚ҙͷ఻ૹઢ࿏Ґஔ z ʹ͓͚Δ֤Ϟʔυిѹͱిྲྀͷ఻೻͕‫͢·͖Ͱࢉܭ‬ɻϞʔυ৴߸͕ෛՙҐஔ z = l ʹ౸ୡ͢Δͱ৴߸‫͓ʹݯ‬͚Δಉ༷ͳߦྻԋࢉ͕੒ཱ͠·͢ɻෛՙʹ͓͍ͯ΋ରԠ

edc = ZGdc Ic (0)ecd = ZGcd Id (0)(11)͢ΔΠϯϐʔμϯεߦྻ (ZL ) Λಋೖ͢ΔͱɺϞʔυి(12)ѹͱిྲྀ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹॻ͚·͢ɻ͜ΕΒͷؔ܎ࣜʹΑΓ·͢ͱɺ֤ϞʔυిྲྀʹΑΓ৴߸‫ݯ‬ෛՙͷඇରশੑΛ௨ͯ͠ଞϞʔυిѹΛ༠‫͢ى‬Δ
͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ‫ͱ͢·͑׵͍ݴ‬ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬ෛՙʹඇରশੑ͕ଘࡏ͠·͢ͱɺ‫ݪ‬ཧతʹϞʔυؒʹ‫ׯ‬ব (ຢ͸݁߹) ͕ੜ͡Δ͜ͱΛҙຯ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷஈ֊Ͱ͸ɺ։์୺ͷϞʔυిѹ͕ఆٛ͞ΕΔ͚ͩͰෛՙ͕ະఆͳͷͰɺ·ͩॾྔΛܾΊΔ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖·ͤΜɻ(8) ࣜͷ 2 ͭͷະ஌਺ (Id (0), Ic (0)) ͸ɺෛՙΛ௨Δ͜ͱͰॳΊܾͯఆ͞Ε

３－ 11

(

Vd (l)Vc (l))(I (l)= ZL · dIc (l))(19)*10 ಉ࣠έʔϒϧͱͯ͠ RG-223/u Λ༻͍͍ͯ·͢. Χλϩά஋͔Β L11 = L22 = 0.26 µH/mɺv/c = 0.641 Λ࠾༻͠·ͨ͠.
ෆฏߧճ࿏ͷ৔߹ɺઢ࿏ 1ɺ2 Λ 1 ຊͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷத৺ಋମͱ֎෦ಋମͱͯ͠ѻ͍·͢. ฏߧճ࿏ͷ৔߹ɺઢ࿏ 1ɺ2 Λ
2 ຊͷಉҰछͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͱͯ͠ѻ͍·͢. ͲͪΒͷ৔߹΋
L11 = L22 ɺL12 = L21 = 0 ͕੒ཱ͠·͢. ͜ͷΑ͏ʹ఻ૹઢ࿏Λฏߧճ࿏Ͱߏ੒͢Ε͹ઢ࿏΋ରশԽͰ͖·͢.

͕ߟྀͰ͖·͢ɻਤ 9 ʹ͸ɺ͜ΕΒ 4 ͭͷϞʔυ఻ૹ͕

͜͜Ͱ ZL ߦྻ͸)
ZLdd ZLdc
ZLcd ZLcc()
Z4 + Z 5(Z4 − Z5 )/2=(20)(Z4 − Z5 )/2 Z6 + (Z4 + Z5 )/4

ZL ≡

(

Ͱ͢ɻ(20) ࣜΛ‫ݟ‬ΔͱϞʔυม‫׵‬͸ɺ৴߸‫ͱݯ‬ಉ༷ʹඇඳ͔Ε͍ͯ·͢ɻΦγϩΛར༻͢Δ৔߹ɺ‫ܭ‬ଌ͞ΕΔͷ͸͋͘·Ͱ΋ d ϞʔυͰ͋Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻc Ϟʔυ͸‫ܭ‬ଌͰ͖·ͤΜɻ͜ΕΒͷॾྔΛ࠶౓༻͍Ε͹ɺෛՙʹ͓͚Δ d Ϟʔυిѹͱిྲྀ͸

ରশෛՙ (Z4 ̸= Z5 ) ʹΑΓੜ͡Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹɺ৴߸‫Ͱݯ‬ੜ੒͞Εͨ c Ϟʔυ͸ɺҰ෦͸ෛՙ

(

Vd (l)Id (l)

ଆͰ d Ϟʔυ΁ม‫͞׵‬Ε·͕͢ɺҰ෦͸Ϟʔυม‫͘ͳ׵‬‫ܭ‬ଌ‫ʹܥ‬ೖྗ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ)(

Vd (0)= Td ·Id (0))(29)(8) ࣜΛ༻͍ͯ c Ϟʔυߦྻʹॻ͖௚͠ɺ͜ΕΛෛՙ
z = l ·Ͱ఻ૹͤͨ͞ߦྻͱ (19) ࣜͷ c Ϟʔυߦྻ͕౳͍͠ͱ͍͏౳ࣜΛ͓͘͜ͱͰɺ࠷ऴతʹະ஌਺Λܾఆ͢
Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺ(

Vc (0)Ic (0)()

e= ZG1 · dd
ecc

)

(

Vd (0)+ ZG2 ·Id (0))

ʹΑΓ‫͢·͖Ͱࢉܭ‬ɻ(22) ࣜͱ (29) ͕ࣜෛՙʹ͓͚Δ֤ϞʔυʹରԠͨ͠ిѹͱిྲྀͷղੳࣜͱͳΓ·͢ɻ6.2.

γϛϡϨʔγϣϯղੳ͜͜Ͱ͸ 6.1 અͰٞ࿦ͨ͠৴߸఻ૹཧ࿦ʹै͍ɺ‫ͭز‬(21)͔ͷ‫ܭ‬ଌ৚݅ʹରԠ͢ΔγϛϡϨʔγϣϯΛߦ͍·͢ɻͱ͓͘ͱɺ͜ͷ c ϞʔυߦྻΛ৴߸‫͔ݯ‬Βෛՙ·Ͱ఻೻࣍અͰ͸࣮‫ݧ‬త‫ূݕ‬Λߦ͍·͢ͷͰɺ͜͜Ͱ͸‫ݧ࣮ূݕ‬ͤͨ͞৔߹ͱෛՙͰ d Ϟʔυߦྻ͕ d → c ม‫ͨ͠׵‬৔ʹରԠͨ͠‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ΛऔΓ্͛ͯղઆ͠·͢ɻ߹͸ɺͦΕͧΕ

(

)

(

)

Vc (l)Vc (0)= Tc ·Ic (l)Ic (0)())(
Vd (l)Vc (l)= ZL1 ·Ic (l)Id (l)‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case1–4 (sim.) Λ࣍ʹࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱɺ
৴߸‫ʹݯ‬ର͢Δ৚݅͸‫ڞ‬௨Ͱલઅͱಉ༷ʹ e1 = VG (ω)ɺ(22)

e2 = 0 ͱ͠·ͨ͠ɻ

(23)

͕੒ཱ͠·͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪɺ(22) ࣜͱ (23) ͕ࣜ౳͍͠ͱ

ද3

Case

͓͍ͯະ஌਺Λܾఆ͠·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ֤ߦྻ͸ҎԼͷΑ͏

(

)

1

−ZGcc ZGdc
1
0
ZGdc
(
)
2
1
ZG
ZGcc
ZG2 ≡
ZGdc −1 −ZGdd()
1
ZLcc −ZL2
ZL1 ≡
1
−ZLdd
ZLdc

(25)

ZL2 ≡ ZLdd ZLcc − ZLdc ZLcd

(28)

ZG1 ≡

2
ZG
≡ ZGdd ZGcc − ZGdc ZGcd

Acc Gnd.

Gnd. Line Z [Ω]Ext. Loads Z [Ω]ʹఆٛ͞Ε·͢ɻ1࣮‫ݧ‬త‫ʹূݕ‬ରԠͨ͠γϛϡϨʔγϣϯ‫ࢉܭ‬ͷ৚݅.

༗

Z 3 = Z6 = 0
Z4 = Z5 = 50

(24)
2

ແ

Z3 = +∞, Z6 = 0
Z4 = Z5 = 50

3

༗

(26)

Z3 = 0, Z6 = 15
Z4 = Z5 = 50

4

(27)

ແ

Z3 = +∞, Z6 = 15
Z4 = Z5 = 50·ͱΊ·͢ͱ‫ج‬ຊతʹ͸࣍ͷ 4 ͭͷϞʔυ఻ૹ͜͜Ͱ͸ɺ৴߸‫ݯ‬഑ஔ͸ඇରশͰ͕͢ɺෛՙ഑ஔ͸(i) ৴߸‫ ݯ‬d Ϟʔυ͕ෛՙ·Ͱม‫͞׵‬ΕΔ͜ͱͳ͘఻ૹ
͞ΕΔɺ

50 Ω ऴ୺ͷରশ഑ஔͱ͠·ͨ͠ɻ‫ޙ‬ड़͠·͕͢ɺ ෛՙ(ii) ৴߸‫ ݯ‬d Ϟʔυ͕৴߸‫Ͱݯ‬Ұ෦͕ d → c Ϟʔυม഑ஔ͸ରশ഑ஔʹ͠ͳ͍ͱ c Ϟʔυ‫ܭ‬ଌ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͳΔ(iii) ৴߸‫ ݯ‬d Ϟʔυ͕ม‫͞׵‬ΕΔ͜ͱͳ͘ෛՙ·Ͱ఻ϐʔμϯε (Z6 ) ͱͯ͠७఍߅ͷ৔߹ΛऔΓ্͍͛ͯ·ૹ͞ΕɺෛՙͰҰ෦͕ d → c Ϟʔυม‫͞׵‬ΕΔɺ͢ɻਤ 14–ਤ 17 ʹରԠ͢ΔγϛϡϨʔγϣϯ݁ՌΛॱ‫͞׵‬ΕɺෛՙͰ࠶౓ c → d Ϟʔυม‫͞׵‬ΕΔɺ

Ͱ͜͜Ͱ͸આ໌ΛׂѪ͠·͢ɻ‫͞׵‬Εɺෛՙ·ͰϞʔυม‫͘ͳ׵‬ਐΉɺ(iv) ৴߸‫ ݯ‬d Ϟʔυ͕৴߸‫Ͱݯ‬Ұ෦͕ d → c Ϟʔυม͔ΒͰ͢ɻ৚݅ Case 3 ͱ Case 4 Ͱ͸ Gnd. Line Πϯ࣍ࣔ͠·͕͢ɺ‫ޙ‬ड़͢Δ࣮‫ݧ‬త‫౓࠶Ͱূݕ‬औΓ্͛Δͷ

３－ 12

ਤ 14

ਤ 16

‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case 1 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case 3 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ. ੺ઢ (੨ઢ): d(c) Ϟʔυͷղੳ݁Ռ. ಉ࣠έʔϒϧ௕͞: l = 15 m.

ਤ 15‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case 2 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾ਤ 17਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

‫ࢉܭ‬৚݅ Case 4 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

３－ 13ߧม‫( ث׵‬όϥϯ)*13 Λࣗ࡞͠ɺ͜ΕΛ༻͍ͯฏߧճ࿏‫ܭ‬

7. ࣮‫ݧ‬త‫ূݕ‬7.1.

ଌ༻ʹ SE ग़ྗΛ BA ग़ྗʹม‫͢׵‬Δ͜ͱʹ͠·ͨ͠.

࣮‫૷ݧ‬ஔ

ҰൠతͳωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔ (NA) Ͱ͸ɺෆฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ rf ೖग़ྗͷप೾਺ಛੑ͕‫ܭ‬ଌ͞Ε·͢ɻैͬͯɺ͜ͷ NA Ͱ͸ฏߧճ࿏ͷप೾਺ಛੑΛ௚઀‫ܭ‬ଌ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖·ͤΜɻ͜Ε͸લऀͷ NA Ͱ͸ෆฏߧճ࿏‫ܭ‬ଌ༻ʹ 2 ϙʔτͷೖग़ྗͳͷʹର͠ɺฏߧճ࿏‫ܭ‬ଌ༻ʹ͸ 4 ϙʔτ (≥3 ϙʔτ) ͷೖग़ྗ͕ඞཁͱͳΔ͔Β
Ͱ͢*11 ɻCM ΁ͷςετೖྗΛ SE ೖྗͱ͠ɺग़ྗ͸ Balanced

ਤ 19(BA) ͱͯ͠ग़ྗͤ͞·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸ͷྲྀΕΛ NA ͔Β‫ݟ‬Δͱਤ 18 ͷΑ͏ʹͳΓ·͢ɻࣗ࡞ͨ͠ಉ࣠ฏߧෆฏߧม‫ث׵‬.

ਤ 20 ʹಉ࣠ฏߧෆฏߧม‫઀͕ث׵‬ଓ͞Εͨ CM ग़ྗ෦ͷ֦େਤΛࣔ͠·ͨ͠ɻਤதʹΨϜςʔϓ͕‫͑ݟ‬Δͷਤ 18ϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔΛར༻ͨ͠ฏߧ৴߸఻ૹճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸ͷྲྀΕ.

ϙʔτ 1 ʹ͸ CM ͷ rf ςετೖྗΛ઀ଓ͠ɺ ϙʔ

ਤ 20

τ 2ɺ3 ʹ͸ CM ͷ BA ग़ྗΛ઀ଓ͠·͢ɻNA ͷ Gnd.
͸ɺCM ͷ Acc Gnd. ༗ (ແ) ʹରԠͯ͠ Acc Gnd. ͱͷ݁߹ (ෆ݁߹) ͱ͍͏৚͕݅ରԠ͠·͢ɻैͬͯɺຊ࣮‫ݧ‬Ͱ͸ 3 ϙʔτʹΑΔ NA ‫ܭ‬ଌͱͳΓ·͢ɻ‫ܭ‬ଌྔ͸ S ύϥϝʔλͰ͕͢ɺ3 ϙʔτ‫ܭ‬ଌͰ͸ಛ௃
తͳ S ύϥϝʔλɺSds21 ͱ Scs21 ͕‫ܭ‬ଌ͞Ε·͢ (෇࿥ C ࢀর)[34, 35]ɻSds21 (Scs21 ) ͱ͸ SE ೖྗʹର͢Δd (c) Ϟʔυͷ S21 (࣮਺ৼ෯੒෼ͱҐ૬੒෼) ͷ͜ͱΛҙຯ͠·͢ɻCM ग़ྗ͸ 1 ຊͷಉ࣠ग़ྗ (BNC) ͳͷͰɺ͜ΕΛͲͷΑ͏ʹ BA ग़ྗͤ͞Δ͔͕໰୊ͱͳΓ·͢*12 ɻࢼߦࡨ‫ޡ‬ͷ຤ɺਤ 19 ʹࣔ͢Α͏ͳಉ࣠ฏߧෆฏ
*11 ೖࣹ‫ʹث‬͸ฏߧճ࿏‫ܭ‬ଌ༻ͷ NA(Agilent, PNA N5221A 10

MHz∼1.3 GHz) ͕͋Γ·ͨ͠. CM ͷಛੑ‫ܭ‬ଌ༻ͱͯ͠͸प೾਺Լ‫ݶ‬஋͕ 10 MHz ͱେ͖͍ͷͰ͕͢ɺ‫ݪ‬ཧ࣮ূ༻ͱͯ͠͸໰୊ͳ͍Ͱ͠ΐ͏.
*12 ಉ࣠έʔϒϧΛ BA ग़ྗͤ͞Δʹ͸ಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷத৺ಋମͱ֎ಋମ (Gnd.) Λ෼཭͢Ε͹Α͍ͷͰ͕͢ɺ෼཭‫Ͳʹޙ‬ͷΑ͏ʹผͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧʹ઀ଓͰ͖Δͷ͔͕໰୊ͱͳΓ·͢. ͜Εʹ͸ɺ෼཭‫ޙ‬ͷ৴߸ઢΛ 2 ຊͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷͦΕͧΕͷத৺ಋମʹ઀ଓ͠ɺ͞Βʹ 2 ຊͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷ Gnd. ͕ಉిҐʹͳΔΑ͏ʹ Gnd. ઢΛ‫ʹ͍ޓ‬ϋϯμ෇͚Λ͠·͢ (ਤ 19ࢀর). ͞Βʹ‫ܭ‬ଌ࣌ʹ͸͜ͷ Gnd. ͸ CM έʔεʹ୹བྷͤͯ͞ Acc Gnd. ͱಉిҐʹ͠·͢. ͜ͷ Gnd. ͕ਤ 8 ʹ͓͚Δ

ಉ࣠ฏߧෆฏߧม‫઀͕ث׵‬ଓ͞Εͨ CM ग़ྗ෦ͷ֦େਤ.

͸ɺಉ࣠ฏߧෆฏߧม‫ث׵‬ͷ BNC Gnd. Λ CM έʔεʹ୹བྷͤ͞ΔͨΊͰ͢ɻ‫٭‬஫*12 Ͱղઆ͢ΔΑ͏ʹಉ࣠ฏߧෆฏߧม‫ث׵‬ͷ Gnd. ͕ Gnd. Line ͷҰ෦ͱͳΓ·͢ɻैͬͯɺCM/BNC ग़ྗͷ‫ݻ‬ఆωδͱͯۚ͠ଐωδΛૠೖ͢ΔͱɺCM ͷ Acc Gnd. ͱ NA Gnd. ͕ಉిҐͱͳΓ Gnd. Line ͕݁߹͞ΕΔ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ‫ٯ‬ʹɺ͜ͷωδΛऔΓল͘ͱ͜ͷ݁߹͕੾ΕΔ͜ͱʹͳΓ
·͢*14 ɻϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔΛར༻ͨ͠ฏ
ߧ৴߸఻ૹ࣮‫ݧ‬ͷͨΊͷ‫ܭ‬ଌ૷ஔΛਤ 21 ʹࣔ͠·͢ɻNA ͔Βͷ rf ৴߸͸ SE ৴߸ͱͯ͠ CM ͷςετೖྗʹೖΓ·͢ɻCM ग़ྗ͸ SE ͳͷͰ͜ΕΛಉ࣠ฏߧෆฏ
ߧม‫ث׵‬Λ༻͍ͯ BA ग़ྗʹม‫͠׵‬ɺ2 ຊͷಉ࣠έʔϒ

３－ 14

Gnd. Line ʹ૬౰͠·͢.
*13 ӳ ‫ Ͱ ޠ‬͸ “coaxial-line-typebalanced-unbalanced transformer” ͱ‫͍ݴ‬ɺ“balanced-unbalanced transformer” Λུͯ͠ “balun” ͱ‫ݺ‬ΜͰ͍·͢.
*14 ‫٭‬஫ 4 Ͱड़΂ͨ Acc Gnd. ༗/ແͱ͍͏Θ͔ͣͳҧ͍ͱ͸͜ͷ*͜ͱΛࢦ͍ͯ͠·͢.

৚݅ͱಉҰͱ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻͦΕͰ͸ɺ‫ج‬ຊͱͳΔ࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռ Case 1 (exp.) Λਤ 23
ʹ͠·͢ɻACC Gnd. ༗ͷ৔߹ɺप೾਺ಛੑʹ͸೾‫ܗ‬࿪Έ͸‫ݟ‬ΒΕ·ͤΜ͕ɺΘ͔ͣʹߴप೾ଛࣦ͕‫·͍ͯ͑ݟ‬͢ɻ͜ͷߴप೾ଛࣦ͸ϑΣϥΠτίΞʔͷप೾਺ಛੑʹ‫ى‬Ҽ͢Δ΋ͷͰɺ৴߸‫ʹݯ‬प೾਺ಛੑΛऔΓೖΕͨ͜ͱ͸͜ͷ͜ͱΛઆ໌͢ΔͨΊͰ͢ɻৼ෯ಛੑͷ࠷େ஋Ͱൺ΂Δͱ d Ϟʔυ͸ c Ϟʔυʹର͠ 5 dB ఔ౓େ͖͘ͳͬ
͍ͯ·͢ɻ‫݁ࢉܭ‬Ռͷਤ 14 (Case 1 (sim.)) ͱൺ΂ΔͱϞʔυؒͷϨϕϧࠩɺσΟοϓप೾਺ɺҐ૬ಛੑ͸࣮‫ݧ‬஋ΛΑ͘࠶‫͍ͯ͠ݱ‬Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ࣮ ‫ ݁ ݧ‬Ռ Case 2 (exp.) Λ ਤ 24 ʹ ࣔ ͠ · ͢ ɻਤ 21ϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔΛར༻

ACC Gnd. ແͷ৔߹ɺd Ϟʔυͷप೾਺ಛੑʹ͸೾ͨ͠ฏߧ৴߸఻ૹ࣮‫ݧ‬ͷͨΊͷ‫ܭ‬ଌ૷ஔ.

‫ܗ‬࿪Έ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕ͍ͯ·ͤΜɻৼ෯ಛੑͷ࠷େ஋Ͱൺ΂Δͱ d Ϟʔυ͸ c Ϟʔυʹର͠ 21 dB ఔ౓େ͖͘ɺcϧ (௕͞ 15 m) Λ༻͍ͯฏߧճ࿏Ͱ৴߸఻ૹΛߦ͍ NAͷ 2 ϙʔτʹೖྗͤ͞·͢ɻNA ΁ͷೖྗ (ϙʔτ 2ɺ3)ͱಉ࣠έʔϒϧͱͷؒʹΠϯϐʔμϯε (Z6 ) Λૠೖ͢Ε͹ɺෛՙଆͷ Gnd. Line ্ʹ೚ҙͷΠϯϐʔμϯεΛ૷ணͰ͖ɺͦͷಛੑΛ‫ܭ‬ଌ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻਤ 22ʹ७఍߅ͱΠϯμΫλϯεΛ௚ྻ઀ଓͨ͠ Z6 ͷ֦େਤϞʔυ͕ޮՌతʹ཈੍͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱ͕ಛ௃తͰ͢ɻdϞʔυ͸શ͘Ө‫ڹ‬Λड͚͍ͯ·ͤΜɻ࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռ Case 1(exp.) ͱൺ΂Δͱ Case 1 (exp.) Ͱ͸೾‫ܗ‬࿪Έ͸‫ݟ‬ΒΕ·ͤΜ͕ɺc Ϟʔυͷେ͖͞͸ d Ϟʔυʹൺ΂Θ͔ͣʹ཈੍͞Ε͍ͯΔ͚ͩͰ͢ɻCase 2 (exp.) ͷ݁ՌͷରশੑͷҖྗ͕͓෼͔Γ௖͚Δͱࢥ͍·͢ɻΛࣔ͠·͢ɻ

‫݁ࢉܭ‬Ռͷਤ 15 (Case 2 (sim.)) ͱൺ΂ͯΈ·͢ͱৼ෯ಛੑ͔Β d ϞʔυͷσΟοϓप೾਺͸Α͘Ұக͍ͯ͠·͕͢ɺ࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռͱൺֱ͢Δͱ c Ϟʔυͷ཈੍ޮՌ͕‫ܭ‬ࢉ (> 80 dB) ʹൺ΂͔ͳΓখ͍͜͞ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜Ε͸࣮‫Ͱݧ‬͸ߴ͍ରশੑ͕อ࣋͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍͔ΒͰ͋Δ
ͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻྫ͑͹ɺ࣮‫Ͱݧ‬͸̎ຊͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷ௕͞΍ಛੑ͕શ͘ಉҰͱ͸‫ݶ‬Γ·ͤΜɻ‫͜ʹٯ‬ͷ͜ͱ͸ɺߴ͍ରশੑΛ࣮‫ ͱ͍ͳ͠ݱ‬c Ϟʔυͷ཈੍͸೉͍͜͠ͱΛҙຯ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ࣮ ‫ ݁ ݧ‬Ռ Case 3 (exp.) Λ ਤ 25 ʹ ࣔ ͠ · ͢ ɻ

ACC Gnd. ༗Ͱ Gnd. Line ʹ఍߅Λૠೖͨ͠৔߹ɺਤ 22ৼ෯ͱҐ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑʹए‫ׯ‬ͷ೾‫ܗ‬࿪Έ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕ·ෛՙଆͷ Gnd. Line ্ʹ७఍߅ͱΠϯμΫλ

͢ɻৼ෯ಛੑͷ࠷େ஋Ͱൺ΂Δͱ d Ϟʔυ͸ c ϞʔυϯεΛ௚ྻ઀ଓͨ͠ Z6 ͷ֦େਤ.

ʹର͠ಉఔ౓ʹେ͖͍͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ͷ͜ͱ͸ɺ

7.2.

Gnd. Line ʹ༨‫ͳܭ‬Πϯϐʔμϯε͕ଘࡏ͢Δͱ఻ૹ࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռ

Ϛϧνϙʔτ NA Λ༻͍ͨ‫ܭ‬ଌͰ͸ɺෛՙΠϯϐʔઢ࿏ͷಛੑΛม͑ͯ͠·͍ɺ‫ ʹٯ‬c Ϟʔυੜ੒͕૿େ

μϯεͷ഑ஔ͸ඞવతʹରশෛՙ Z4 = Z5 = 50 Ω

͢Δ݁ՌʹͳΔ͜ͱΛ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ‫݁ࢉܭ‬Ռͷਤ 16

ͱ ͳ Γ ɺ࣮ ࡍ ͷ ‫ ܭ‬ଌ ‫ ʹ ܥ‬ର Ԡ ͠ ͨ ඇ ର শ ෛ ՙ Z4 =(Case 3 (sim.)) ͱൺ΂Δͱप೾਺ಛੑʹ͸ए‫ׯ‬ͷ࿪Έ50 Ω, Z5 = 0 ʹมߋ͢Δ͜ͱ͸Ͱ͖·ͤΜɻඇରশ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕ·͕͢ɺ࣮‫݁ݧ‬ՌΛΑ͘࠶‫͍ͯ͠ݱ‬Δ͜ͱ͕ΘෛՙͰ‫ܭ‬ଌ͍ͨ͠৔߹͸ɺैདྷͷ 2 ϙʔτʹ͠ͳ͚Ε͹͔Γ·͢ɻͳΓ·ͤΜɻ͔͜͠͠ͷ৔߹͸ɺc Ϟʔυ͕‫ܭ‬ଌͰ͖ͳ࣮ ‫ ݁ ݧ‬Ռ Case 4 (exp.) Λ ਤ 26 ʹ ࣔ ͠ · ͢ ɻ͘ͳΔͷͰ஫ҙ͕ඞཁͰ͢ɻैͬͯɺରশෛՙʹ͓͚Δ

ACC Gnd. ແͷ৔߹ɺd Ϟʔυͷप೾਺ಛੑʹ͸೾‫ܭ‬ଌͱͳΓ·͕͢ɺฏߧෆฏߧ఻ૹճ࿏ͷ࣮‫ݧ‬త‫ͱূݕ‬‫ܗ‬࿪Έ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕ͍ͯ·ͤΜɻৼ෯ಛੑͷ࠷େ஋Ͱൺ΂Δͯ͠͸ॆ෼Ͱ͠ΐ͏ɻ࣮‫ݧ‬৚݅͸ɺ6.2 અʹࣔͨ͠‫ࢉܭ‬ͱ d Ϟʔυ͸ c Ϟʔυʹର͠ 17 dB ఔ౓ͱେ͖͘ɺc３－ 15Ϟʔυ͕ޮՌతʹ཈੍͞Ε͍ͯΔ͜ͱΛࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷ݁Ռ͸ɺGnd. Line ʹ༨‫ͳܭ‬Πϯϐʔμϯε͕ଘࡏͯ͠΋ରশੑ͕ߴ͍఻ૹઢ࿏Ͱ͸ޮՌతʹ c Ϟʔυ͕཈੍
Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱΛ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ‫݁ࢉܭ‬Ռͷਤ 17 (Case 4(sim.)) ͱൺ΂Δͱ d Ϟʔυͷप೾਺ಛੑ͸࣮‫ݧ‬஋ΛΑ͘࠶‫͕͢·͍ͯ͠ݱ‬ɺ࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռ͸ c Ϟʔυͷ཈੍ޮՌ͸‫ >( ࢉܭ‬80 dB) ʹൺ΂͔ͳΓখ͍͜͞ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͜ͷ৔߹΋ಉ༷ʹ࣮‫Ͱݧ‬͸ߴ͍ରশੑ͕อ࣋͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍͔Βͩͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻҎ্ͷ 4 ྫͷ࣮‫ݧ‬త‫͔ূݕ‬Βɺ৴߸఻ૹཧ࿦ʹ‫ͮ͘ج‬ղੳϞσϧ͕‫ج‬ຊతʹ͸ਖ਼͍͠ඳ૾Λ༩͑Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·ͨ͠ɻਤ 23࣮‫ݧ‬৚݅ Case 1 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ. ੺ઢ (੨ઢ): d(c) Ϟʔυͷղੳ݁Ռ. ಉ࣠έʔϒϧ௕: l = 15 m.

ਤ 24࣮‫ݧ‬৚݅ Case 2 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

３－ 16

8. ϊΠζੜ੒ͱ཈੍ٕज़
ਤ 27 ʹӡస࣌ʹऔಘͨ͠௕ύϧεిࢠϏʔϜͷ CM৴߸೾‫ܗ‬Λࣔ͠·͢ɻਤ 27 (a) ͸ɺCM1 ‫ ͼٴ‬CM2 ৴߸೾‫ͱܗ‬ϊΠζ͕ॏ৞͞ΕͨϊΠζରࡦલͷ CM3 ৴߸೾‫ܗ‬Λࣔ͠·͢ɻਤ 27 (b) ͸ɺCM1 ‫ ͼٴ‬CM2 ৴߸೾‫ͱܗ‬ϊΠζରࡦ‫ޙ‬ͷ CM3 ৴߸೾‫ܗ‬Λࣔ͠·͢ɻӡస࣌ͷ௕ύϧεిࢠϏʔϜͷύϧε෯͸ ∼1 µs (൒஋શ෯)ɺ

య‫ܕ‬తͳిՙྔ͸ CM1 Ͱ 347 nC/pulseɺCM2 Ͱ 225

nC/pulse Ͱͨ͠ɻ
(a)

CM3

CM1
CM2

50 mV/div
200 ns/div

ਤ 25࣮‫ݧ‬৚݅ Case 3 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾(b)਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

CM3

CM1
CM2

50 mV/div
200 ns/div

ਤ 27 ௕ύϧεిࢠϏʔϜʹର͢Δ CM ग़ྗ೾‫ܗ‬.
(a) CM3 վमલͷ CM ग़ྗ೾‫ܗ‬. (b) CM3 վम‫ޙ‬ͷCM ग़ྗ೾‫ܗ‬.

໌Β͔ʹ CM3 ʹ͸ൺֱతେ͖ͳϊΠζ͕ॏ৞ͯ͠
͍Δ͜ͱ͕‫ͯݟ‬औΕͳ͢ɻ͜ͷϊΠζ೾‫͕ܗ‬ɺຊ‫ڀݚ‬ͷग़ൃ఺ͱͳΓ௕೥ʹ౉Γ೰·͞Ε͖ͯͨϊΠζ೾‫ܗ‬Ͱ͢ɻࠓճ࣮ࢪͨ͠ϊΠζରࡦͱ͸ɺ3.2 અͰٞ࿦ͨ͠

Acc Gnd. Λແ͔Β༗ͷঢ়ଶʹҠߦͨ͜͠ͱͰ͢ɻ͜ͷରࡦ͕༗ޮͱͳΓϊΠζ೾‫ޮ͕ܗ‬Ռతʹ‫ݮ‬ਰͨ͠ͱߟ͑
ΒΕ·͢ɻͪͳΈʹ CM1 ‫ ͼٴ‬CM2 ʹ͸Կ΋ରࡦΛࢪ͍ͯ͠·ͤΜ͕ɺ‫ݩ‬ʑ Acc Gnd. ༗ͷঢ়ଶʹ͋ͬͨ͜ͱ
Λ‫֬ʹޙ‬ೝ͠·ͨ͠*15 ɻ*15 ӡస༻ͷ CM ʹର͠ɺ৴߸఻ૹ༻ͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧΛΦγϩ͔Βਤ 26੾Γ཭͠ɺςελʔͰ BNC ͷத৺ಋମͱ֎ಋମؒͷ DC ఍߅Λ‫ܭ‬ଌͨ͠ͱ͜ΖɺCM1 ͱ CM2 ͷ఍߅͸΄΅θϩͰ͕ͨ͠ɺ
CM3 ͷͦΕ͸ OL Λࢦ͍ͯ͠·ͨ͠. ͜ͷଌఆͰΑ͏΍͘ղܾʹ޲͚ͨώϯτΛ௫Έ·ͨ͠.

࣮‫ݧ‬৚݅ Case 4 ͷղੳ݁Ռ. (a) ৼ෯ͷप೾਺ಛੑɺ(b) Ґ૬ͷप೾਺ಛੑ.

３－ 17

ਤ 28 ʹߴిྗΫϥΠετϩϯͷӡసঢ়ଶͰऔಘͨ͠

CM1

CM3 ϊΠζ೾‫( ܗ‬ϏʔϜແ) Λࣔ͠·͢ɻਤ 28 (a) ͱ(a)ਤ 28 (b) ͸ɺͦΕͧΕ CM3 ʹର͠ϊΠζରࡦલͱରࡦ
‫ޙ‬ͷϊΠζ೾‫ܗ‬Λ͍ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻCM1 ͱ CM2 ͷϊΠ

(a)

CM3
200mV/div
400ns/div

CM3
(b)
(b)

CM1
CM2
CM3
50mV/div
400ns/div

ਤ 28

ਤ 29

ߴిྗΫϥΠετϩϯͷӡసঢ়ଶͰऔಘͨ͠

ߴిྗΫϥΠετϩϯͷӡసঢ়ଶͰऔಘͨ͠

CM ϊΠζͷप೾਺εϖΫτϧ (ϏʔϜແ)CM3 ϊΠζ೾‫( ܗ‬ϏʔϜແ).

ζϨϕϧ͸Θ͔ͣͰ͕͢‫͢·͍ͯ͑ݟ‬ɻҰํɺϊΠζରͰൺ΂Δͱ CM3 ͷεϖΫτϧͷେ͖͞͸ɺCM1 ͷͦΕࡦʹΑΓ CM3 ͷϊΠζϨϕϧ͸ৼ෯ͷେ͖͞Ͱ ∼1/10ʹൺ΂Δͱ‫ʹٯ‬཈੍͞Ε͍ͯΔΑ͏ʹ΋‫͢·͑ݟ‬ɻ͞Βਤ 29 ʹߴిྗΫϥΠετϩϯͷӡసঢ়ଶͰऔಘͨ͠

͍Ͱ͕͢ɺCM3 ͸ CM1 ͷϨϕϧʹ͸ୡ͍ͯ͠·ͤΜɻCM ϊΠζͷप೾਺εϖΫτϧ (ϏʔϜແ) Λࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ͳ཈੍ޮՌͷҧ͍͕Ͳ͏ͯ͠ग़‫͢ݱ‬Δͷ͔͸ɺਤ 29 (a) ͱਤ 29 (b) ͸ɺͦΕͧΕ CM1 ͱϊΠζରࡦࠓͷॴ·ͩΑ͘Θ͔Γ·ͤΜ*16 ɻԿΕʹͯ͠΋ɺ໌Β͔‫ޙ‬ͷ CM3 ʹର͢Δप೾਺εϖΫτϧΛࣔ͠·͢ɻCM1ʹ͜ͷϊΠζରࡦ͸ޮՌతͰ͋Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·ͨ͠ɻ͸‫͔ݩ‬ΒରࡦΛࢪ͍ͯ͠·ͤΜ͕ɺ3 ࣍ߴௐ೾ (த৺पͪͳΈʹɺਤ 27 (a) ʹ͓͚Δ CM3 ͷϊΠζ೾‫ܗ‬ͷ‫ج‬೾਺ ∼4 MHz, ∼11 MHz, ∼16 MHz) ·ͰͷϊΠζε

ຊप‫ظ‬Λ‫ੵݟ‬΋Δͱ f ∼6.5 MHz Ͱ͢ɻਤ 29 (b) ʹ͓͚ʹ·Ͱ௿‫͍ͯ͠ݮ‬Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻʹɺCM1 ͱ CM2 ͷϊΠζεϖΫτϧ͸ಉఔ౓ʹখ͞ϖΫτϧ͕Θ͔ͣʹ‫͢·͍ͯ͑ݟ‬ɻ‫ج‬ຊ೾ͷϊΠζϨϕ

Δ CM3 ͷϊΠζεϖΫτϧ͔Βਪఆ͢Δͱɺ͜ͷप೾

ϧ͸ 4 MHz Ͱ࠷େ-30 dBm ఔ౓Ͱ͢ɻ

਺ f ͸ 2 ࣍ߴௐ೾ͷ੄ʹରԠ͓ͯ͠Γɺ໌Β͔ʹߴిྗ

ଞํɺCM3 ͸ରࡦ‫ޙ‬ͷϊΠζεϖΫτϧΛࣔ͠ɺ4 ࣍
ߴௐ೾·Ͱ‫͍ͯ͑ݟ‬Δ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͔͠΋εϖΫτϧͷେ͖͞͸ɺ·ͩ CM1 ʹൺ΂༏Ґʹେ͖͍͜ͱ΋Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ2 ࣍ߴௐ೾ͰఆྔతʹεϖΫτϧͷେ͖͞Λൺ΂ͯ‫ͱ͢·ݟ‬ɺCM3 ͷେ͖͞͸ CM1 ͷͦΕʹൺ΂

20 dBm ఔ౓େ͖͍͜ͱ͕Θ͔Γ·͢ɻ͔͠͠ɺ‫ج‬ຊ೾

３－ 18*16 ϊΠζରࡦ‫ޙ‬ɺCM3 ͷ৴߸఻ૹ༻ಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷಋ௨Λಉ༷ʹςελʔͰ‫ܭ‬ଌͨ͠ͱ͜ΖɺDC ఍߅͸΄΅θϩʹͳΓ·ͨ͠. ͔͠͠ɺDC ఍߅͕θϩʹͳͬͨͱ‫Ͳ͑ݴ‬΋ Gnd. Line ‫ܦ‬࿏શମͷΠϯϐʔμϯε (AC ఍߅ͷ͜ͱ) ͕θϩͱ͸‫ݶ‬Βͳ͍͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͢΂͖Ͱ͢. CM3 ͸ CM1ɺCM2 ʹൺ΂Φγϩ͔Β఻ૹ‫͕཭ڑ‬ԕ͍ͷͰ Gnd. Line Πϯϐʔμϯε͕ଞʹൺ΂େ͖͍ͷ͔΋͠Ε·ͤΜ.

ΫϥΠετϩϯͷಈ࡞ʹ‫ى‬Ҽͯ͠ϊΠζ͕ੜ੒͞Εͨͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻ
ࠓճऔಘͨ͠ϊΠζ৴߸͸ϏʔϜͱ͸ແؔ܎Ͱ͢ɻͦ
͜Ͱྫ͑͹ɺߴిྗΫϥΠετϩϯͷಈ࡞ʹ‫ى‬Ҽ͢ΔԾ
૝త৴߸‫ ݯ‬e3 (ਤ 8 ࢀর) ΛԾఆ͢Ε͹ɺ͜ͷ৴߸‫͔ݯ‬ΒϊΠζ͕‫ܭ‬ଌ‫ʹܥ‬ճΓࠐΜͩͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻ͜ͷ‫ݱ‬৅͕ਖ਼ʹ༳ΕΔϊΠζ‫ݯ‬Λҙຯ͠ɺϏʔϜ৴߸Λ༳Β͢ਤ 30‫ݪ‬ҼʹͳΔͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢*17 ɻ

CM ͷϊΠζ཈੍ʹ༗ޮͳߴ͍ରশੑΛ༗͢Δ

఻ૹઢ࿏.

͔͠͠ɺ͜͜Ͱ஫ҙ͠ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒͳ͍͜ͱ͸ɺ͜ͷϊΠζ‫ ݯ‬e3 ͸͋͘·Ͱ΋ c Ϟʔυ৴߸ੜ੒ʹ‫د‬༩͢Δ
ͷͰɺ΋͠Ϟʔυม‫͘ڧ͕׵‬཈੍͞Ε͍ͯΔͳΒ͹ɺd͍ରশੑΛ༗͢ΔόϥϯΛૠೖ͠ɺฏߧճ࿏ΛෆฏߧճϞʔυ‫ܭ‬ଌ‫Ͱܥ‬͸‫؍‬ଌ͞Εͳ͍͸ͣͰ͢ɻ‫ʹ࣮ݱ‬͸ϊΠ࿏ʹม‫͔ͯ͠׵‬Βෆฏߧճ࿏‫ܭ‬ଌ‫઀ʹܥ‬ଓ͠·͢ɻฏߧζ৴߸͕ d Ϟʔυ‫ܭ‬ଌ‫͍͓ͯʹܥ‬গͳ͔Βͣ‫؍‬ଌ͞Εͯճ࿏ͷ··ฏߧճ࿏‫ܭ‬ଌ‫ʹܥ‬ೖྗͤ͞Δ͜ͱ΋ՄೳͰ͍͢ΔͷͰɺ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷͲ͔͜ͰϊΠζʹରͯ͠΋ಉ༷ͳ͕ɺ͜ͷΑ͏ʹ͢Ε͹ɺΦγϩͳͲ௨ৗͷෆฏߧճ࿏‫ܭ‬Ϟʔυม‫͕׵‬ੜ͍ͯ͡Δͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢ɻଌ‫͕ܥ‬ར༻Ͱ͖Δͱ͍͏ར఺͕͋Γ·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ͸ྫΛࣔ͢ʹཹΊ·͕͢ɺ࣮ࡍʹ͸ߴ͍ରশੑΛอ࣋ͨ͠ฏߧ

9. ରশੑΛߟྀͨ͠৽͍͠ಉ࣠఻ૹઢ࿏

ճ࿏ʹΑΔ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷ࣮‫ݱ‬͸؆୯Ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ͕ɺϊ͜Ε·Ͱͷٞ࿦͔Β෼͔Γ·͢Α͏ʹɺલड़ͷϊΠζରࡦ͸ൈຊతͳରࡦʹ͸ͳ͍ͬͯ·ͤΜɻ͜Ε͸ɺߴిྗΫϥΠετϩϯͷӡసʹ൐͏େ͖ͳϊΠζ‫ ݯ‬e3 ͷଘࡏ͸໌Β͔Ͱ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ͕ɺ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷճ࿏ߏ੒͸ඇΠζ཈੍ͱճ࿏ͷ҆ఆಈ࡞ͱ͍͏‫͔఺؍‬Β͢Δͱॏཁ՝୊ͷҰͭʹͳΓ·͢ɻ

10. ·ͱΊ

ରশͳ··Ͱ͋Δ͔ΒͰ͢ɻຊߘͰ͸ɺKEK ෺ߏ‫ݚ‬௿଎ཅిࢠࢪઃʹ͓͚Δిࢠ

ैͬͯɺ͜ͷରࡦͰ͸ c Ϟʔυ͸ຆͲ཈੍͞Ε͓ͯΒઢ‫ܗ‬Ճ଎‫Ͱث‬ར༻͞ΕΔ௕ύϧεిࢠϏʔϜ༻ిྲྀϞχͣɺd Ϟʔυͱಉఔ౓ͷ‫Ͱ౓ڧ‬ੜ੒͞ΕΔͱߟ͑ΒΕ·λʔΛྫʹͱΓɺ৴߸఻ૹͱϊΠζ௿‫ٕݮ‬ज़ͷ‫ͭʹૅج‬

͢ɻGnd. Line ΍఻ૹઢ࿏্ͷԿΒ͔ͷඇରশੑʹΑ͍ͯแ‫ׅ‬తͳղઆΛߦ͍·ͨ͠ɻ‫ج‬ຊͱͳΔฏߧෆฏߧ

Γɺc → d Ϟʔυม‫͕͞׵‬Βʹਐߦ͢Ε͹ d Ϟʔυ‫ܭ‬ଌճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹΛ౳Ձճ࿏ʹஔ͖͔͑ɺ఻ૹઢ࿏

͸͞ΒʹϊΠζͷӨ‫ڹ‬Λड͚ΔΑ͏ʹͳΓ·͢ɻैͬͯ

ϞσϧΛߏங͠ɺ‫͔ͭز‬ͷ‫݁ࢉܭ‬ՌΛྫূ͠·ͨ͠ɻ͜ൈຊతͳରࡦ͸ɺ΍͸Γߴ͍ରশੑΛ࣋ͭ఻ૹઢ࿏ʹվΕΒͷ‫ྫࢉܭ‬Λ௨ͯ͠ɺଟॏઢͰߏ੒͞Εͨ఻ૹઢ࿏Ͱ

म͢΂͖ͰɺͦͷྫΛਤ 30 ʹࣔ͠·͢ɻ͸ɺ৴߸఻ૹͱϊΠζੜ੒͕‫͍ͯ͠܎ؔ͘ڧ‬Δ͜ͱ͕͓৴߸‫ʹݯ‬ରͦ͠ͷத఺Λ Gnd. ͱ͠ɺ͜ͷத఺Λ 2 ຊ෼͔Γ௖͚ͨͱࢥ͍·͢ɻͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷ Gnd. ʹ઀ଓ͠·͢ɻ͜ΕʹΑΓɺ6.1

ϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔΛ༻͍ͨฏߧ

અ (10) ͔ࣜΒ৴߸‫ݯ‬ͷରশੑʹΑΓ c ϞʔυΛ཈੍Ͱճ࿏ʹΑΔ৴߸఻ૹͷ࣮‫ݧ‬త‫ূݕ‬Λߦ͍·͕ͨ͠ɺ࣮‫ݧ‬

͖·͢ɻҰํɺ৴߸ઢ͸಺෦Πϯϐʔμϯε R0 = 50 Ω݁Ռ͸఻ૹઢ࿏ϞσϧͱΑ͘Ұக͠ɺฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹΛ௨ͯ͠ಉ͡ಛ௃Λ༗͢Δ 2 ຊͷಉ࣠έʔϒϧͷத৺‫ͮ͘ج‬৴߸఻ૹཧ࿦͕ਖ਼͍͜͠ͱ͕࣮ূ͞Ε·ͨ͠ɻ͜ಋମʹ઀ଓ͠·͢ɻ಺෦Πϯϐʔμϯε͸ɺ৴߸‫ͱݯ‬ಉͷ఻ૹઢ࿏Ϟσϧʹ‫͖ͮج‬ϊΠζੜ੒ͷ‫ݪ‬ཧͱϊΠζ௿࣠έʔϒϧؒͷ఻ૹઢ࿏ͱͷ੔߹ͱɺ͞Βʹ 6.1 અ (9)‫ٕݮ‬ज़ʹ͍ͭͯٞ࿦Λߦ͍·ͨ͠ɻճ࿏ཁૉͷ഑ஔʹର͔ࣜΒ಺෦ෛՙͷߴ͍ରশੑΛอ࣋͢ΔͨΊʹૠೖ͢΂͠ߴ͍ରশੑ͕ɺϊΠζ௿‫ʹݮ‬͸‫ۃ‬Ίͯ༗ޮͰ͋Δ͜ͱ

͖Ͱ͢ɻ·ͨɺ‫ܭ‬ଌ‫΁ܥ‬ͷ઀ଓͰ͸ɺ֎෦ෛՙʹର͠ߴ͕ࣔ͞Εɺ৽͍͠఻ૹઢ࿏ΛఏҊ͠·ͨ͠ɻ*17 චऀ͕ए͍ࠒɺ౰࣌ͷઌੜํ͕ΦγϩͰ‫ܭ‬ଌͨ͠೾‫ܗ‬Λ‫͕ͳݟ‬Β “άϥϯυ͕༳Ε͍ͯΔ” ͱද‫͢ݱ‬ΔͷΛ͠͹͠͹ฉ͍ͨ͜ͱ͕͋Γ·͢. ౰࣌චऀ͸ɺ͜ͷද‫ݱ‬ͷҙຯ͢Δͱ͜Ζ͕Α͘ཧղͰ͖·ͤΜͰͨ͠. ͜ͷ͜ͱ͸ɺΫϥΠετϩϯӡసʹΑΓ
Gnd. Line ʹ༨‫͕ྲྀిͳܭ‬ճΓࠐΉͱɺ͜ͷిྲྀ͕ Gnd. Line‫ܦ‬࿏ʹજΉ༨‫ͳܭ‬ΠϯϐʔμϯεʹΑΓిҐʹม‫͞׵‬Εɺ͜ͷిҐ͕ύϧεຖʹมԽ͢Δͱߟ͑ΒΕ·͢. ͜Ε͕ɺԾ૝త৴߸‫ ݯ‬e3 ͷਖ਼ମɺ͢ͳΘͪ༳ΕΔϊΠζ‫ݯ‬Λද͍ͯ͠Δͱߟ͍͑ͯ·͢.

ಉ࣠έʔϒϧΛ༻͍ͨฏߧෆฏߧճ࿏ʹ͓͚Δ৴߸఻ૹ͸ɺϏʔϜϞχλʔʹ‫ݶ‬ΒͣՃ଎‫ٕث‬ज़શൠʹԠ༻Մೳͳٕज़Ͱ͢ɻಛʹɺ͜͜Ͱٞ࿦ͨ͠ϊΠζ཈੍ٕज़͸ɺ͜Ε·ͰͷՃ଎‫ۀث‬քͰ͸༨Γٞ࿦͞Εͯདྷͳ͔ͬͨΑ͏ʹ΋ࢥΘΕ·͢ɻ҆ఆͳՃ଎‫ث‬ӡసͷ࣮‫ݱ‬Λ໨ࢦ͠ɺ͜Ε·ͰͷϊΠζ཈੍ٕज़Λ࠶౓‫ݟ‬௚͢΂͖Ͱ͋Ζ͏ͱߟ͍͑ͯ·͢ɻ

３－ 19

in Conductors”, Phys. Rev. 32, 97 (1928).

ࢀߟจ‫ݙ‬[17] J. B. Johnson, “The Shottky Eﬀect in Low Fre-

[1] A. Einstein, “Investigations of the Theory of Brownian Movement” (Dover, 1956).

quency circuits”, Phys. Rev. 26, 71 (1925).
[18] W. Schottky, “Small-Shot Eﬀect and Flicker Ef-[2] J. Klafter, I. M. Sokolov, “ϥϯμϜ΢ΥʔΫ͸͡ΊͷҰา – ࣗવ‫ݱ‬৅ͷղੳΛ‫ݟ‬ਾ͑ͯ –” (‫ཱڞ‬ग़൛ɺfect”, Phys. Rev. 28, 74 (1926).
[19] A. Van Der Ziel, “Flicker Noise in Electronic2018).

Devices”, Adv. Electron. Electron Phys., 49, 225[3] R. Metzler, J. Klafter, “The Random Walk’s
Guide to Anomalous Diﬀusion: A Fractional Dy-(1979).
[20] A. Van Der Ziel, “Noise in Solid State Devices”,

namics Approach”, Phys. Rep., 339 (2000), 1.

Adv. Electron. Electron Phys., 46, 313 (1978).

[4] V. Shiltsev, “Review of observations of ground dif-[21] Interaction

fusion in space and in time and fractal model ofground motion”, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 13,

Notes(EMP-3),<http://ece-

research.unm.edu/summa/notes/Interaction.html>.
[22] E. F. Vance, “Coupling to Shielded Cables”

094801 (2010).

(John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1978).

[5] T. Suwada et al., “Real-time observation of dy-[23] E. F. Vance, “Shielding Eﬀectiveness of Braided-

namic ﬂoor motion of the KEKB injector linac

Wire Shields”, IEEE Trans. EMC, 17 (2), 71, 1975.

with a laser-based alignment system”, Phys. Rev.

[24] ্ ๕෉, “ୈ̎ষϊΠζͷൃੜɺ఻ൖ · ݁߹ɺ্ ๕

෉ଞ (ฤू)ɺ‫࣓ిڥ؀‬ϋϯυϒοΫ (ී‫ٴ‬൛)” (ே૔ST Accel. Beams 20, 033501 (2017).

ॻళɺ2006).

[6] D. L. Turcotte, “Fractals in Geology and Geo-[25] ౔‫ ذ‬ത, ࠤ౻ ݈࣍, “3 ಋମ఻ૹઢճ࿏ͷ৽ཧ࿦

physics”, Pure Appl. Geophys. 131, 171 (1989).
[7] B. D. Malamud, D. L. Turcotte, “Self-Aﬃne Time–ϊΠζΛ෺ཧʹΑΓղ໌͢Δ –”, Journal of theSeries: I. Generation and Analyses”, Adv. Geo-

Particle Accelerator Society of Japan, ೔ຊՃ଎‫ث‬

phys., 40, 1999, 1.

ֶձࢽʮՃ଎‫ث‬ʯVol. 6, No. 4, 2009, 302.

[8] J. D. Pelletier, D. L. Turcotte, “Self-Aﬃne Time
Series: II. Applications and Models”, Adv. Geo-[26] ࠤ౻ ݈࣍, “ॏΠΦϯ · γϯΫϩτϩϯͷՃ଎‫ٕث‬ज़ͱ෺ཧ · ͦͷ 1 – ి‫ؾిͱݯ‬ճ࿏ͱͯ͠ͷి࣓ੴෛՙ: ίϞϯ · Ϟʔυ · ϊΠζͱͷ֨ಆ –”, Journal

phys., 40, 1999, 91.

of the Particle Accelerator Society of Japan, ೔ຊ[9] V. Shiltsev, “Observations of Random Walk of theՃ଎‫ֶث‬ձࢽʮՃ଎‫ث‬ʯVol. 3, No. 1, 2006, 10.

Ground in Space and Time”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 104,[27] ౔‫ ذ‬ത, “৽͍͠ଟಋମ఻ૹઢ࿏ཧ࿦ͱి࣓ϊΠζ

238501 (2010).

ൃੜͷϝΧχζϜ”, Mar. 6, 2009, KEK Ճ଎‫ث‬ηϛ

[10] ਡ๚ా ߶, “஍໘มಈͷۭ࣌ൃలͱ ATL ଇͷ௚઀త‫ ;”ূݕ‬Journal of the Particle Accelerator Societyof Japan, ೔ຊՃ଎‫ֶث‬ձࢽʮՃ଎‫ث‬ʯVol. 15, No.

φʔ.

[28] R. Talman, “Beam Current Monitors”, AIP Con-1, 2018, 10.

ference Proceedings 212, 1 (1990).

[11] B. B. Mandelbrot, “The Fractal Geometry of Nature” (Freeman, San Francisco, CA, 1982).

[29] http://pfwww.kek.jp/slowpos/Engindex.html.
[30] J. M. Anderson, “Wide Frequency Range Cur-[12] T. Suwada, “Spatiotemporal Diﬀusive Evolution

rent Transformers”, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 42, 915–926

and Fractal Structure of Ground Motion”, J. Phys.
Soc. Jpn. 87, 024901 (2017).

(1971).
[31] DATA BOOK, FERRITE POT CORES 6th ed.,[13] A. Van Der Ziel, “History of Noise Research”,
Adv. Electron. Electron Phys., 50, 351 (1980).

TOKIN Corp.
[32] H. Toki and K. Sato, “Three Conductor Trans-[14] A. Van Der Ziel,ʮࡶԻʯ[຋༁] ୍ อ෉ɺ൧ౡ ݈

mission Line Theory and Origin of Electromag-Ұɺా‫ ٶ‬५ (ۙ୅Պֶࣾɺ1973).

netic Radiation and Noise”, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 78,
094201 (2009).

[15] H. Nyquist, “Thermal Agitation of Electric
Charge in Conductors”, Phys. Rev. 32, 110 (1928).

[33] A. Sugiura and Y. Kami, “Generation and Prop-[16] J. B. Johnson, “Thermal Agitation of Electricity

agation of Common-Mode Currents in a Balanced

３－ 20

Two-Conductor Line”, IEEE Trans. Electromagn.
Compat., vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 466–473, Apr. 2012.
[34] D. E. Bockelman and W. R. Eisenstadt, “Combined Diﬀerential and Common Mode Scattering Parameters: Theory and Simulation”, IEEE
Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 43, no. 7,
July 1997, pp. 1530–1539.
[35] K. Kurokawa, “Power Waves and the Scattering
Matrix”, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech.,vol. 13, no. 2, Mar. 1965, pp. 194–202.
[36] Agilent Technologies, “Multiport & Balanced Device Measurement Application Note Series, Concepts in Balanced Device Measurements”, Application Note 1372-2.

３－ 21

෇࿥ A.

ଛࣦΛ‫ؚ‬Ή৔߹ γ = (α + jβ)z ͱͳΓɺແଛࣦͷ৔߹఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δసૹߦྻ

γ = jβz ͱͳΓ·͢ɻβ ͸Ґ૬ఆ਺ɺα ͸‫ݮ‬ਰఆ਺ɺZ0఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δసૹߦྻͷߟ͑ํΛਤ 31 ʹࣔ͠͸఻ૹઢ࿏ͷಛੑΠϯϐʔμϯεΛද͠·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ
͸ɺ࣌ؒৼಈ߲ ejωt ͸ল͍͍ͯ·͢ɻ·͢ɻ

2 ఺ʹ͓͚ΔిҐͱిྲྀΛॻ͖Լ͠·͢ͱ√V (0) = Z0 (A + B)
1
I(0) = √ (A − B)
Z0√
V (l) = Z0 (Ae−γl + Beγl )1I(l) = √ (Ae−γl − Beγl )
Z0

(33)
(34)
(35)
(36)

͕ಘΒΕ·͢ɻ͜ΕΒΛߦྻ‫͖ॻͰࣜܗ‬Լ͠·͢ͱ

(

)( )
) ( √
√
Z0
Z
V (0)
A
0
√
√
=
I(0)
B
1/ Z0 −1/ Z0() ( −γl √
)( )
√
V (l)
e
Z0
eγl √
Z0
A
√
= −γl
I(l)
B
e / Z0 −eγl / Z0

(37)
(38)

ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ(37) ࣜͱ (38) ͔ࣜΒߦྻ (A, B) Λফ‫ڈ‬͢ΔͱҎԼͷؔ܎ࣜΛಘΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ

ਤ 31

(

V (l)
I(l)

఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δసૹߦྻͷߟ͑ํ. (a) ఻ૹઢ࿏্ͷ೚ҙͷ 2 ఺ (z = 0, z = l) ʹ͓͚ΔిҐͱి)ྲྀͷఆٛ. (b) ఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δసૹߦྻͷఆٛ.

ਤ 31 (a) ʹ఻ૹઢ࿏্ͷ೚ҙͷ 2 ఺ (z = 0, z = l)ʹ͓͍ͯిҐͱిྲྀΛఆٛ͠·͢ɻిҐͱిྲྀ͔ΒͳΔߦྻΛ͜ͷ 2 ఺ؒͷసૹߦྻ T (z) Λ༻͍ͯసૹ͢Δ
͜ͱΛߟ͑·͢ɻ఻ૹઢ࿏͸ɺసૹߦྻΛ༻͍Ε͹ɺ؆

)
√
√
eγl √
Z0
e−γl √Z0= −γle / Z0 −eγl / Z0
( √
)−1 (
)
√
Z
V (0)
√Z0
√0
×
(39)
I(0)
1/ Z0 −1/ Z0)(
cosh(γl)−jZ0 sinh(γl)=
cosh(γl)−j sinh(γl)/Z0
(
)
V (0)
×
(40)
I(0)
(

͜͜Ͱ૒‫ۂ‬ઢؔ਺ͷެࣜ cosh2 z − sinh2 z = 1 Λ༻͍·୯ʹߦྻԋࢉʹΑΓԋࢉͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΓ·͢ɻ͢ͳΘ

ͨ͠ɻ(39) ࣜͷԋࢉͷࡍ͸ɺ‫ྻߦٯ‬ͷԋࢉΛஸೡʹ࣮ߦͪɺҎԼͷؔ܎Λຬ଍͢Δߦྻ T (z) Λ‫ٻ‬ΊΔ͜ͱʹͳ͠·͢ͱ (40) ͕ࣜग़·͢ɻैͬͯɺ఻ૹઢ࿏ʹଛࣦ͕͋Δ৔߹ͷసૹߦྻ T (z)

Γ·͢ɻ

(

V (l)
I(l)

)

= T (z)

(

V (0)
I(0)

)

͸ҎԼͷΑ͏ʹಋग़Ͱ͖·͢ɻ(30)
T (z) =৴ ߸ ͷ ྲྀ Ε Λ ࠨ ͔ Β ӈ ʹ औ Δ ͱ ɺ֤ ఺ Ͱ ͷ ి Ґ(cosh(γz)−j sinh(γz)/Z0−jZ0 sinh(γz)
cosh(γz))(41)

V (z)(ిྲྀ I(z)) ͸ҎԼʹࣔ͢Α͏ʹͦΕͧΕಁա೾͜ͷΑ͏ʹసૹߦྻʹ͸ɺ఻ൖఆ਺ γ Λ௨ͯ͠৴߸ͷ‫ݮ‬VT (z)(IT (z)) ͱ൓ࣹ೾ VR (z)(IR (z)) ͷ࿨Ͱද͢͜ͱ͕

ਰͱҐ૬͕ճస͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ఻ૹઢ࿏͕ແଛࣦͷ৔߹ͷసૹߦྻ T (z) ͸ҎԼͷΑ

Ͱ͖·͢ɻ

√

Z0 (Ae−γz + Beγz ) (31)1
I(z) ≡ IT (z) − IR (z) = √ (Ae−γz − Beγz ) (32)Z0√
͜ ͜ Ͱ ɺಁ ա ೾ Λ VT (z) = A Z0 e−γz ɺIT (z) =√√(A/ Z0 )e−γz ɺ൓ ࣹ ೾ Λ VR (z) = (B/ Z0 )eγz ɺ√IR (z) = (B/ Z0 )eγz ͱ͠·ͨ͠ɻ൓ࣹ೾ͷిྲྀ͸ɺV (z) ≡ VT (z) + VR (z) =͏ʹಋग़Ͱ͖·͢ɻ޲͖Λߟྀͯ͠ෛූ߸ͱ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻγ ͸఻ૹઢ࿏ͷ఻ൖఆ਺Λද͠·͢ɻ఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ

３－ 22

T (z) =(cos(βz)−j sin(βz)/Z0−jZ0 sin(βz)
cos(βz))(42)෇࿥ B.

ฏߧճ࿏఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚ΔಛੑΠϯϐʔμϯε(31) ࣜͱ (32) ͔ࣜΒฏߧճ࿏఻ૹઢ࿏ʹ͓͚Δઢి
ҐͱઢిྲྀΛ࠶౓ॻ͖Լ͠·͢ͱࠞ߹ S ߦྻʹ͍ͭͯࠞ߹Ϟʔυʹ͓͚Δ S ߦྻͱ௨ৗ (ࠩಈϞʔυ) ͷ Sߦྻͱͷҧ͍Λ‫͢·͠ʹͱ͓ͯ͘͜ݟ‬ɻਤ 32 (a) ʹ 2ϙʔτ͔ΒͳΔෆฏߧ (ࠩಈ) ճ࿏ɺਤ 32 (b) ʹ 4 ϙʔ√

Z0 (A1 e−γz + B1 eγz )(43)1
I1 (z) ≡ I1T (z) − I1R (z) = √ (A1 e−γz − B1 eγz ) (44)Z0√V2 (z) ≡ V2T (z) + V2R (z) = Z0 (A2 e−γz + B2 eγz )(45)1I2 (z) ≡ I2T (z) − I2R (z) = √ (A2 e−γz − B2 eγz ) (46)Z0V1 (z) ≡ V1T (z) + V1R (z) =෇࿥ C.

τ͔ΒͳΔฏߧճ࿏ɺਤ 32 (c) ʹ 3 ϙʔτ͔ΒͳΔෆฏ
ߧฏߧճ࿏ΛͦΕͧΕࣔ͠·͢ɻ͜ΕΒ͸ɺͦΕͧΕ 2
ϙʔτɺ4 ϙʔτɺ3 ϙʔτͷωοτϫʔΫΞφϦβʔʹରԠ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻͱͳΓ·͢ɻ
͜͜ͰɺϞʔυిҐ (ిྲྀ) ͱઢిҐ (ిྲྀ) ͷؔ܎Λ࠶౓ҎԼʹ͓͖ࣔͯ͠·͢ɻ1(V1 (z) + V2 (z))
2
Ic (z) ≡ I1 (z) + I2 (z)Vd (z) ≡ V1 (z) − V2 (z)1Id (z) ≡ (I1 (z) − I2 (z))
2
Vc (z) ≡

(47)
(48)
(49)
(50)

c Ϟʔυ΍ d Ϟʔυ͸ࠞ߹Ϟʔυͱ΋‫ݺ‬͹Ε·͕͢ɺ͜ͷࠞ߹ϞʔυͷಛੑΠϯϐʔμϯε Zc (z) ɺZd (z) ͸ɺҎԼʹࣔ͢Α͏ʹಁա೾Λ࢖ͬͯఆٛ͞Ε·͢ɻ͢ͳΘͪVcT (z)IcT (z)()
1 V1T (z) + V2T (z)1≡= Z0
2 I1T (z) + I2T (z)2
VdT (z)
Zd (z) ≡IdT (z)()
V1T (z) − V2T (z)≡2= 2Z0
I1T (z) − I2T (z)Zc (z) ≡

(51)

ਤ 32

(52)

(a) 2 ϙʔτ͔ΒͳΔෆฏߧ (ࠩಈ) ճ࿏. (b) 4ϙʔτ͔ΒͳΔฏߧճ࿏. (c) 3 ϙʔτ͔ΒͳΔෆฏߧฏߧճ࿏.

ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹɺࠞ߹Ϟʔυͷ Zc (z)ɺZd (z)͸ɺೋઢͷ఻ૹઢ࿏ͷಛੑΠϯϐʔμϯε Z0 ͷͦΕͧ

ਤ 32 (a) ͸ɺೖྗ (Port 1) ‫ͼٴ‬ग़ྗ (Port 2) ͸ࠩΕ 1/2 ͱ 2 ഒʹͳΔ͜ͱʹ஫ҙ͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ

ಈͷೖग़ྗ͔ΒͳΓɺ‫ڞ‬௨ͷάϥϯυΛ༗͢Δճ࿏Ͱߏ੒͞Ε·͢ɻैͬͯɺೖग़ྗϙʔτ਺͸ 2 Ͱ͢ɻճ࿏ͷத਎͸఻ૹઢ࿏Λ‫ؚ‬ΈͲΜͳճ࿏Ͱ΋ߏ͍·ͤΜɻ͜ͷճ࿏ʹΑΔ਺ֶతͳԋࢉ͸ɺճ࿏ͷத਎Λ໰͏͜ͱͳ͘

1 ͭͷߦྻͰද͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ͜ͷߦྻ͸ S ߦྻ
(Scattering Matrix ɺࢄཚߦྻ) ͱ‫ݺ‬͹ΕɺҎԼͷΑ͏ʹఆٛ͞Ε·͢ɻ

S≡

(

S11
S21

S12
S22

)

(53)

͜͜Ͱ Sij (i, j = 1, 2) ͸ S ύϥϝʔλͱ‫ݺ‬͹Ε·͢ɻSύϥϝʔλͷੑ࣭͔Β S12 = S21 ͕੒ཱ͠·͢ɻ３－ 23͜͜Ͱɺೖग़ྗʹରࠞ͠߹Ϟʔυͷৼ෯܎਺ addi ɺaccj

ࠩಈճ࿏ʹ͓͚ΔઢిҐͱઢిྲྀΛ࠶౓ॻ͖Լ͠·͢ͱ౳ (i, j = 1, 2) Λ༻͍·͢ͱ√Z0 (a1 + b1 )1
I1 ≡ I1T − I1R = √ (a1 − b1 )Z0√
V2 ≡ V2T + V2R = Z0 (a2 + b2 )1
I2 ≡ I2T − I2R = √ (a2 − b2 )Z0
V1 ≡ V1T + V1R =




bd1
(
bd2   = Sdd
bc1 
Scd
bc2

(54)
(55)
(56)
(57)

Ͱͨ͠ɻͨͩ͠ɺ͜͜Ͱ͸ a1 = A1 e−γz ɺb1 = B1 eγz౳ͱͯ͠Ґ૬߲Λ‫ؚ‬Ίಁա೾ͱ൓ࣹ೾ͷৼ෯܎਺ ai ɺ

Լ͠·͢ͱ

(

bd1
bd2

)

෯ͷೖग़ྗൺΛऔΓ·͢ͱɺS ύϥϝʔλ͸ҎԼʹࣔ͢Α͏ʹఆٛ͞Ε·͢ɻ

S11 ≡
S21 ≡

(

b2
a1

)

,
a2 =0

,
a2 =0

S12 ≡
S22 ≡

(
(

b1
a2
b2
a2

)
)

(65)

͸࣍‫֦͕ݩ‬ு͞Εͯ 2×2 ߦྻͰ͢ɻ͜ΕΛ͞Βʹॻ͖ྗ͢Δ޲͖Λਖ਼ͱ͍ͯ͠·͢ɻ͜ͷৼ෯܎਺Λ༻͍ͯৼ

)


ad1
ad2 
 
ac1 
ac2

͑ΒΕ·͢ɻैͬͯɺ4 ϙʔτͰ͸ S ύϥϝʔλ Sdd ౳͘ ai ͸ճ࿏΁ೖྗ͢Δ޲͖Λਖ਼ͱ͠ɺbi ͸ճ࿏͔Βग़

b1
a1



ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜Ε͸ (64) ࣜͷ࣍‫ݩ‬Λ֦ுͨ͠΋ͷͱߟbj (i, j = 1, 2) Λఆ͍ٛͯ͠·͢ɻ·ͨɺϙʔτʹؔ܎ͳ

(

Sdc
Scc

)

(

bc1
bc2

(58)
a1 =0

(59)
a1 =0

͜͜Ͱɺண໨͢Δ S ύϥϝʔλͰ͸ɺଞ୺ͷಁա೾ೖྗ

)

( )
( )
a
a
= Sdd d1 + Sdc c1
ad2
ac2
(
)( )
Sdd11 Sdd12
ad1=
Sdd21 Sdd22
ad2
)( )
(
ac1
Sdc11 Sdc12+
Sdc21 Sdc22
ac2
(

)
ac1
= Scd
+ Scc
ac2
)( )
(
ad1
Scd11 Scd12=
Scd21 Scd22
ad2
(
)( )
Scc11 Scc12
ac1+
Scc21 Scc22
ac2
ad1
ad2

)

(

(66)

(67)

(68)

(69)

͸θϩ (a1 = 0 or a2 = 0) ͱ͢Δ͜ͱʹ஫ҙͯͩ͘͠ͱͳΓ·͢ɻϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔͰ͍͞ɻ͸ɺࠞ߹Ϟʔυ΁ͷม‫(( ׵‬47)–(50) ࣜ) ͸ࣗಈతʹߦΘ͜ͷఆٛʹΑΔͱɺ‫ৼʹٯ‬෯܎਺ ai ɺbj (i, j = 1, 2) ͸1
a1 = √ (V1 + Z0 I1 )2 Z0
1
b1 = √ (V1 − Z0 I1 )2 Z0
1
a2 = √ (V2 + Z0 I2 )2 Z0
1
b2 = √ (V2 − Z0 I2 )2 Z0ํ͸ɺจ‫[ ݙ‬34] Λࢀর͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ

(60)
(61)
(62)

࠷‫ʹޙ‬ɺਤ 32 (c) ʹ 3 ϙʔτ͔ΒͳΔෆฏߧฏߧճ࿏
Λࣔ͠·͢ɻೖྗ͸ࠩಈͰ͕͢ɺग़ྗ͸ฏߧͰ͢ͷͰೖग़ྗ਺͸ 3 ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜Ε΋ϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔ͕ඞཁͰ͢ɻ3 ϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔ΋ɺ4 ϙʔτͷ৔߹ͱશ͘ಉ༷ʹৼ෯܎਺ ai ɺ(63)

bj (i, j = 1, 3) Λ༻͍ͯද‫͢·͖Ͱݱ‬ɻ͜ͷ৔߹΋ɺࠞ߹Ϟʔυͷৼ෯܎਺ as ɺbs ౳*18 Λ༻ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ

͍·͢ͱ͜ΕΒΛߦྻද‫ͱ͢·͠ݱ‬

( )
a1
,
a=
a2

Ε·͢ͷͰ৺഑ʹ͸‫ͤ·ͼٴ‬Μɻ‫ࢉܭ‬ͷৄࡉΛ஌Γ͍ͨ( )bb= 1 ,
b2

b=S·a

  
bs
Sss11
bd  = Sds21
bc
Scs21

(64)

ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜ͷΑ͏ʹ S ߦྻ͸ɺೖग़ྗͷৼ෯܎਺ؒ
ͷؔ܎Λ༩͑Δߦྻͱ‫͢·͑ݴ‬ɻਤ 32 (b) ʹ 4 ϙʔτ͔ΒͳΔฏߧճ࿏Λࣔ͠·͢ɻ֤ೖग़ྗ͸ࡾ൪໨ͷάϥϯυʹର͠ු͍͍ͯ·͢ͷͰɺೖग़ྗ਺͸ 4 ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜Ε͕Ϛϧνϙʔτͷωοτ
ϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔʹରԠ͠·͢ɻৄࡉͳ਺ࣜ͸ল͖·͕͢ɺ4 ϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔͰ͸ɺৼ෯܎਺ ai ɺbj (i, j = 1, 4) Λ༻͍·͢ͱ 2 ϙʔτωοτϫʔ

Ssd12
Sdd22
Scd22

 
as
Ssc12
Sdc22  ad 
Scc22
ac

(70)

ͱͳΓ·͢ɻ͜͜Ͱ Sss11 ౳͸ߦྻͰ͸ͳ͘ S ύϥϝʔλΛද͍ͯ͠·͢ɻϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔΛ࢖༻͢Δͱ
͖ɺ3 ϙʔτ͔ 4 ϙʔτ͔Λઃఆ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ‫ڵ‬ຯͷ͋Δํ͸ɺจ‫[ ݙ‬36] Λࢀর͍ͯͩ͘͠͞ɻ͜ͷจ‫ݙ‬͸֓೦ͷղઆʹ༏Ε͓ͯΓɺ͜ΕΛಡΉͱϚϧνϙʔτωοτϫʔΫΞφϥΠβʔͷ࢖͍ํΛ༰қʹཧղ͢Δ
͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻΫΞφϥΠβʔͷ৔߹ͱಉ༷ʹද͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖·͢ɻ*18 s ͸ single-ended ͷ s Λҙຯ͠·͢.

３－ 24