Advanced Development of Hydrogen
Generator Technology for Applications in
Commercial Solutions
26 February, 2019
Element 1 Corp (e1)Scalable.
Reliable.
Affordable.

David Lim, PhD
VP Asia+886 9185 60463
dlim@e1na.com

David S.W. Lim, PhD, VP, Asia
www.e1na.com

Element 1 Corp
Scalable, Reliable, and Affordable H2 Generation➜ e1 is a leading developer of small-scale advanced H2generation systems supporting the fuel cell industry➜ e1 collaborates with its strategic licensing partners toproduce state-of-the-art H2 generation systems used in clean
energy solutions➜ e1 seeks to partner with global companies that have thecapital and market channel to broadly commercialize e1technology

Founded in 2010 in Bend, Oregon

e1 China:• Source new licensing and partnerships in China• Oversight and administration of China-based operations• Maximize value of JV and execute future liquidity event

Element 1 Corp Introduction Video (Hyperlink)
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e1 Business Model
Customer Profile➜ Develop H2 technology➜ Assemble and provide sample (demonstration) products fore1 H2 Generators have been
integrated with PEMFC’s by:evaluation by partner companies➜ Licensing business model to get products to market worldwide(not a commercial manufacturer of H2 generators)➜ License partners manufacture e1 H2 generator products andprovide the sales channel to defined markets➜ e1’s customer profile:• Fuel cell technology developers• Fuel cell system integrators• Market-leading OEM’s who want to acquire fuel-cell related
technology to maintain or grow market sharewww.e1na.com

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e1 Products & Markets
Scalable, High-Value Solutions at an Affordable Cost

CriticalInfrastructure
Reliable and costeffective H2 generators
supporting criticalinfrastructure

S-Series
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FCEV H2
Refueling Stations
Scalable H2 generators
supporting fleet FCEV
refueling stations

Mobile H2GenerationMaterialHandling

Mobile (on-board) H2generators for bus, truck,tram and marine fuel cellsolutions

On-site H2 generators foryour material handling
fleets

M-Series

L-Series

L-Series
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Methanol
Superior, H2-Dense Fuel➜ e1 H2 Generators use liquid Methanol & Water to produce H2 on-site, and on-demand for PEM fuel cellsolutions➜ Considering e1’s H2 generation technology is an evaluation of whether compressed H2, or a liquid H2carrier (Methanol & Water) is the best source of H2 fuel for a specific fuel cell application
Methanol IS the Superior Fuel
➜ Methanol has the LOWEST carbon content and HIGHEST H2 content of any liquid fuel➜ Methanol has FOUR-TIMES the energy density of compressed 350 bar H2➜ As stored energy demand increases, METHANOL becomes the preferred source of H2➜ Clean exhaust emissions: NO NOx | NO SOx | NO Particulate Matter

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S-Series H2 GeneratorOn-Demand H2 Generator for Critical Power Solutions
Overview➜ Model: S-Series was designed to displace expensive cylinders ofcompressed H2 for critical power applications where longruntimes are required➜ Target uses: 4G/5G telecom, railroad infrastructure, broadband
cable operators➜ Mature Technology: Proven design, developed over 20 years➜ Feedstock: Methanol and DI water➜ H2 Purity: Fuel Cell Grade, >99.97% with <1 ppm CO and <1 ppm
CO2➜ H2 Production: Can scale to produce from 12 to 100 sL/m andsupport 1 kW to 7.5 kW PEM fuel cell
➜ Operation: Designed for cyclic and variable operationwww.e1na.com

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Reliable, Low Cost H2Generation for Small
Scale Power Generation

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Deployments Worldwide
Asia FocusJapan

China

TaiwanIndia

Philippines

Indonesia
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7Transportation Market
Source: McKinsey & company, “Hydrogen Scaling Up” for Hydrogen Council, November 2017
➜ Commercialization of electric vehicles (EVs) is growing strongly in major markets.
➜ The development of BEVs and FCEVs is likely to be synergetic• Both technologies rely on electric powertrains and benefit from technological improvements in thesecomponents➜ H2-powered vehicles are commercially available now or within the next five years in medium-sized/large cars, buses, trucks, vans, trains, and forklifts
H2:o KEY technology in a
decarbonized transportsystem
Methanol:o Higher energy density
per volume
o Can travel even longer
distances compared tostored H2
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M-Series H2 Generator
On-Board H2 Generation for HD Vehicles
Designed to displace compressed or liquid H2 tosupport mobile fuel cell propulsion solutions➜ Mature Technology: Developed over 20 years, multiple product lines➜ H2 Production: Can scale to support 30 kW to 300 kWReactor
Box
PurifierBox➜ H2 Purity: >99.97% with <1 ppm CO and <1 ppm CO2➜ Vibration Resistant: Designed for transportation applications➜ Operation: Designed for cyclic and variable operation➜ Feedstock: Methanol and DI water• 6.3 kg methanol/ mix water yields 1.0 kg pure H2➜ Power Required: < 6 kW per 500 kg/d of H2 produced➜ Lifetime: Designed for greater than 10,000 hour lifetime (H2 production)➜ Manufacturing: Under e1 manufacturing license

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M-Series H2 Generator

9M-SeriesSpecifications by Model

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M-Series H2 Generator
Key Advantages

Scalable

Very Low TCO
Low Noise,
Vibration, &Emissions

Small Footprint /Flexible Configuration

Minimal ElectricalPower Requirements

Easy to Operate &MaintainAccelerates the Adoption of HD Fuel Cell Vehicles
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L-Series H2 Generator
On-Demand H2 Generator for H2 Refueling Stations
Designed to displace compressed or liquid H2 tosupport H2 fueling and stationary power➜ H2 Production: Can scale to produce 50 kg/d to 500 kg/d

The L-Series H2 Generator
Provides the Lowest Total Cost ofH2 for Fuel Cell Solutions➜ Woodward Controls: World-class controls for reliableoperation➜ Power Required: ≤ 6 kW per 500 kg/d of H2 produced➜ Feedstock: Methanol and DI waterReactor Box

Woodward Controls
Purifier Box• 6.3 kg methanol/water mix water yields 1.0 kg pure H2➜ Displaces expensive H2 produced offsite➜ Competing electrolyzer solutions are expensive and havelarge electricity requirements that may not be available➜ L-Series H2 generator targets HRS and large stationary fuelcell power solutions
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L-Series
Specifications by Model

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H2 Fueling Station—Block Diagram制氢设备（L系列或电解制氢）
H2 Generator(Electrolyzer or LSeries)

压缩Compression高压储存High-Pressure Storage加氢机
Dispensing

e1 productwww.e1na.com

经济效益分析的结论Conclusion of economic analysis• 资本成本是水电解的25%• CAPEX is only 25% of electrolyzer• 运行成本是水电解的50%• OPEX is only 50% of electrolyzer

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L-Series
HRS - H2 Refueling Station➜ The L-100 H2 generator is designed for applications such as:• H2 refueling stations for heavy duty motive vehicles• Maritime• The demo system has been operating in Guangdong province successfully• On-going testing is being carried out on routine basis

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L-Series H2 Generator
100 Hours of Operations
Experiment:➜ During: 18:30 Dec 16 to 22:36 Dec 20, 2018. TOTAL: 100 hours➜ H2 production: 760 SLPM, about 100 kg/day (steady)➜ Accumulated hours: 200 – 300 hours

Feedstock Preparationwww.e1na.com

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L-Series H2 Generator
100 Hours of Operations

Buffer Tank缓冲罐

Purifier纯化器缓冲罐压力Pressure

纯化器温度TemperaturePressure纯化器压力反应器温度

Reactor反应器反应器压力Temperature
Pressure系统压力(PT05)

Feedstockwww.e1na.com

Pressure (sys)2nd 泵压力(PT04) Pressure (pump2)

原料供给

2nd 泵速率

Speed (pump2)

1st 泵压力(PT03)

Pressure (pump1)

1st 泵速率

Speed (pump1)
Flowrate

原料流量（flowmeter）

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L-Series Compared to Electrolyzer
e1 L-Series➜ Pure H2 produced from methanol & water• 6.3 kg methanol yields 1.0 kg pure H2• At US$410/ton methanol → 6.3 kg methanol costs

Electrolyzer➜ Pure H2 produced from electricity & water• 55 kWhr electricity yields 1.0 kg pure H2• At US$0.10/kWhr → 55 kWhr costs US$5.50• At US$0.05/kWhr → 55 kWhr costs US$2.75• Significant maintenance cost to deliver high-purity

US$2.58• Minimal maintenance costwater to the electrolyzer➜ CapEx is less than 35% to 50% that ofelectrolyzers• In commercialization, CapEx is estimated to be:
o $100,000 to $150,000 for 100 kg H2/day
o $250,000 to $300,000 for 300 kg H2/day➜ If renewable methanol is used, zero net CO2➜ High CapEx• Approx. $560,000 to $750,000 for 100 kg H2/day• Approx. $950,000 to $1,400,000 for 300 kg H2/day➜ If renewable electricity is used, zero net CO2emissions

emissionswww.e1na.com

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H2 Generation

Comparison of PV, Wind and Electrolyzer with Methanol Method
LEGEND:
PV:
Photovoltaic Power
Wind: Wind Power
E:Electrolyzer
MeOH: Methanol-based H2Assumptions:• 300 kg H2/day• Electrolyzer when
operating alone requires
power from main grid.

• About 70% of grid power
comes from coal fire
power plant in China

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e1 H2 Generator Provides Significant Cost Reduction40%+ Reduction on the Cost of H2$/kg

Compression, storage, and dispensing
are common for all solutions

Cost of H2 to Site

$8 to $12 /kg$5 to $8 /kg

H2Gas

H2Liquefied*$3 to $4 /kg* Liquefied H2 has additional CapEx

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Cost of H2L-Series compared to Water Electrolyzer$8.00

2040100

Cost of making H2 onsite

200(excludes cost of compression, highpressure storage, and dispensing)Specific Cost, US$/kg Hydrogen$7.00

Electrolyzer, US$0.10/kWhr$6.00➜ L-Series H2 Generator costs include:• Amortization of CapEx for the L-Series H2generator (5-year depreciation)• Cost of methanol feedstock (US$410/ton)• Maintenance$5.00

Electrolyzer, US$0.05/kWhr
$4.00

$3.00

e1 L-Series (methanol/water reformer)

$2.00
$1.00
$0.00
0

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100

200
300
400
Scale, kg Hydrogen/day

500

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600➜ Water Electrolyzer costs include:• Amortization of CapEx for the waterelectrolyzer (5-year depreciation)• Cost of electricity (see graph)• No cost included for maintenance and forwater purification

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合作伙伴
Current Collaborations

国鸿氢能Nation-Synergy蓝吉氢动力Blue-G现有客户还包括:➜ 香港水化集团

Current collaborations:➜ Aqueous Hydrogen Energy

➜

国鸿氢能

➜

Nation Synergy➜蓝吉氢动力➜Blue-G➜

台湾省著名的燃料电池企业➜Prominent Fuel Cell Company in Taiwan Province➜

广东力行科创氢能

➜Adamant Innovation Hydrogen Energy

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Take Home Message
1. Methanol-based technology is the most economical solution forhydrogen generation now.
2. This technology is commercially available now

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23Thank You

Scalable.
Reliable.
Affordable.

For More Information Contact:
David Lim, PhD
VP Asia
Element 1 Corp (e1)+886 9185 60463
dlim@e1na.com
www.e1na.com

e1 H2 Generation Products
Commercialization Matrix➜

e1’s develops H2 generators designed to support a range of fuel cell market applications➜Available in three models that span a range of product H2 flow rates from 15 standard liters per minute (1.9kilograms per day) to 100 kilograms per day at a purity >99.95% H2 (Fuel Cell Grade)➜e1 H2 generators are modular and highly scalable out to 500 kilograms per day while maintaining theirbreakthrough economics➜Common attributes of e1 H2 generators: Very Low CapEx, Very Low OpEx, Lowest TCO H2 kg/d, Compact Design,Low Noise, and Low Maintenancewww.e1na.com

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M-Series H2 Generator
Key Advantages (1 of 2)
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

6.
7.

8.

Solves “The Hydrogen Challenge”: Limitations related to high-pressure gas or liquid H2 storage,availability of H2 and the total cost of H2Flexible Application: APU, propulsion, cold-Ironing
Very Low TCO: Very low CapEx and OpEx, produce H2 for $3 to $5 per kg onboard the vessel
Scalable H2 Production: Support 30 kW to 300 kW fuel cells per M-Series module
Support Significant Power Generation: Multiple M-Series can be operated in parallel to support
MW scale power production
Distributed Power Generation: Multiple M-Series units can be integrated with fuel cells supporting
modular power production at various locations on the vessel
Reforms H2-Dense Methanol / Water: Extends range of fuel cell vessel, and reduces feedstock fuelstorage requirements
Simple / Familiar Feedstock Storage: No stored high-pressure H2 required, improved safety

Accelerates the Adoption of HD Fuel Cell Vehicles
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M-Series H2 Generator
Key Advantages (2 of 2)
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

6.
7.

8.

Small Footprint / Flexible Configuration: The reactor box and purifier box can be resized or
separated to meet vessel design constraints
Minimal Electrical Power Requirements: No special electrical infrastructure required
Easy to Operate: Requires little oversight to operate and maintainEasy to Maintain: Few moving parts and long lifetime of major components > 10,000 operational
hours reduces maintenance requirements
Low Noise and Vibration Signature: Improve comfort for the crew and passengers
Reduces Emissions: Easy to comply with criteria pollutant emissions of SOx, NOx, PM (particulatematter or soot), and CO2
No need for Exhaust Scrubbers: Fuel reforming produces no soot (PM) reducing system cost, safe
for arctic environments
Excellent for use in Cold Environments: Methanol has very low freezing temperature compared topetroleum fuels

Accelerates the Adoption of HD Fuel Cell Vehicles
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