Makinoa New Series
Supplement Issue

Taxonomic Enumeration ofNatma Taung National Park
Vol. 2Kazumi Fujikawa, Yumiko Baba, Thant Shin,
Aung Zaw Moe & Hajime Mizukami (eds.)

The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden (MBK)Contents
Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.······················································ 1
Plates		 ···················································································· 101
Index		 ··················································································· 113

Arrangement of the Enumeration
The present volume of enumeration of vascular plants of Natma Taung National Park and adjacentareas, comprises Orchidaceae only. Genera, species, and infraspecific taxa in the family are arranged
in alphabetical order. The authors of the treatment are shown at the beginning of the family.
A dichotomous keys to genera only is included in this volume. In Myanmar, and also in Chin
State, the flora is poorly known, and keys to species level would probably lead to misidentifications
as new records or new species are likely to be found. Abbreviations for authorities of taxa follow
Brummitt & Powell (1992), and the International Plant Name Index (see https://www.ipni.org/,
last accessed March 10, 2021) thereafter. Basionyms where appropriate, and selected synonyms
for those relevant to Myanmar taxa, are given in italics, followed by author(s) and bibliographic
citations. Protologues and selected bibliographical citations are listed in the standard abbreviation
format published in Lawrence et al. (1968), Bridson & Smith (1991) and Bridson et al. (2004). If
no recommendations were made in these publications, we give the full titles.
The specimens listed are chiefly those identified by the authors. The botanical institutions inwhich these specimens are housed are indicated by citing the international herbarium acronym
listed by Index Herbariorum (see http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/, last accessed March 10,2021) immediately after the record. The list is arranged in the following order: Chin State,
Kanpetlet, Mindat, Matupi Township to Magway Region, Saw Township. In each township,
specimens are arranged first by those without altitude recorded, followed by altitude records from
low to high. Where a recorded altitude is available, it is given in metres above sea level, after the
locality. Note that the detailed locality details are omitted for the enumeration of Orchidaceae, forconservation reasons. Then the date of collections, collectors and their collecting numbers arecited.
For taxa that extend beyond Myanmar, countries or regions of distribution are listed in theorder from west to east within Asia first, then continued eastwards for the countries elsewhere. In
parts, where it is more informative than listing countries, a generalised range, such as islandgroups or floristic region, is used. A question mark, ‘?’, is placed immediately before a country ora region to indicate that a record needs confirmation. Where necessary, directions are indicatedby adding Central (C), East (E), North (N), South (S), West (W), or intermediate directions, infront of a country or a region.
Notes including supporting information are sometimes given.

References
Bridson, G.D.R. & Smith, E.R. 1991. B-P-H/S: Botanico-Periodicum-Huntianum/Supplementum.
Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Bridson, G.D.R., Townsend, S.T., Polen, E.A. & Smith, E.R. 2004. BPH-2: Periodicals withbotanical content. Hunt Institute for Botanical Documentation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Brummitt, R.K. & Powell, C.E. 1992. Authors of plant names: A list of authors of scientificnames of plants with recommended standard forms of their names, including abbreviations.
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, England.
Lawrence, G. H. M., Buchheim, A. F. G., Daniels, G. S. & Dolezal. H. 1968. B-P-H: BotanicoPeriodicum-Huntianum. Hunt Botanical Library, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

1

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.
Hubert Kurzweil 1 Santi Watthana 2 and Paul Ormerod 3
Natma Taung and its Orchid FloraAt about 3053 metres Natma Taung (also known as Mount Victoria) is one of the highest
mountains in Myanmar. It is situated in the southern part of Chin State in western Myanmar near
the borders with India and Bangladesh and forms part of the Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma mountain
range. Inscribed in 1997, the mountain and its foothills have protected area status as the “NatmaTaung National Park”. Currently the park encompasses about 723 square kilometres of forest andgrassland in the three townships of Kanpetlet, Mindat and Matupi. Unlike many other natureareas of Myanmar, Natma Taung is frequently visited by both botanists and leisure tourists. Thisis mainly due to its high level of biodiversity, the comparatively easy access and the availabilityof comfortable accommodation just outside the park boundaries. The vegetation of the park
comprises various forest types (Fujikawa et al. 2008, 2015), ranging from tropical deciduous
forest at low elevations to pine forest and oak-rhododendron forest above 1800 m, the latter often
savanna-like with large grassy areas. The highest areas of the park are dominated by alpine
meadow. Several of the plants at high elevation have affinities to the Himalayas and the temperatezone. About 2500 plant species are estimated to occur in the Chin Hills and adjacent areas (Kanget al. 2017). The botanical exploration of Natma Taung has already started in the early 20th
century, with collections made by C. Wheeler Cuffe, R.E. Cooper, R. Unwin and F.G. Dickason(Tanaka 2005). The first large-scale floristic survey was undertaken by British naturalist F.
Kingdon-Ward in 1956 (Kingdon-Ward 1959). Currently, several teams of foreign botanists incollaboration with officials from the Myanmar Forest Department are involved in biodiversity
surveys in Natma Taung National Park and adjacent areas, including botanists from Japan, Korea
and China. A number of publications on the plants of the area have recently been produced. Apartfrom many descriptions of new species of flowering plants and reports of new distribution
records, there is also an illustrated guide to ‘100 Wild Flowers of Natma Taung’ (Fujikawa et al.
2015) as well as an illustrated book on the seed plants of the national park (Kang et al. 2017).
Orchids are well represented in Natma Taung National Park plus adjacent areas with 252 species
in 68 genera. All of the major genera found in continental Asia are represented. The largest
genera are Dendrobium with 42 species and Bulbophyllum with 22, but also Coelogyne,
Habenaria and Pinalia are very diverse in the area. Just over one third of the species are
terrestrial, with about two thirds epiphytic. Several new orchid species have been proposed basedon specimens collected in the Natma Taung area and numerous new distribution records havebeen reported. However, further discoveries can still be expected, especially in view of the factthat some of the remote areas of the park have not yet been thoroughly explored (particularly the
1 Singapore Botanic Gardens, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore 259569. Email: Hubert_Kurzweil@nparks.gov.sg; 2 Queen Sirikit
Botanic Garden, The Botanical Garden Organization, P.O. Box 7, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand. Current
address: School of Biology, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000,
Thailand. Email: santiqsbg@gmail.com; 3 P.O. Box 8210, Cairns 4870, Queensland, Australia. Email: wsandave1@
bigpond.com

2

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

northern areas in Matupi Township). While many species – either widespread ones or endemics ‒are abundant and are found in different areas of the Natma Taung National Park, others are rather
rare and are only found in a small area. This may also explain why some rather showy orchid
species have not been recorded in over a century of botanical exploration of Natma Taung and have
only been discovered very recently (e.g. Thuniopsis subsessilis (Rolfe) Ormerod, Kurzweil &Schuit., better known under its synonym Dilochia subsessilis (Rolfe) S.Thomas). Some informationon the orchids can be found in publications on flowering plants of Natma Taung (Fujikawa et al.
2015; Kang et al. 2017), but no orchid flora treatment or comprehensive checklist is available as yet.
The present enumeration lists all species of Orchidaceae that have so far been recorded in the area,
together with their publication details and citations in the taxonomic literature. A selection of
species is also illustrated by colour photographs. The taxonomic concept used here is largely that ofa national checklist that was published very recently by the same authors (Ormerod et al. 2021).
Only those species where the occurrence in the Natma Taung area is confirmed are listed here; wehave not listed specimens for which the provenance on herbarium labels is simply given as ‘Chin
Hills’ – this locality may well refer to Natma Taung but there is no certainty.
Most of the orchid species of Natma Taung are widely distributed in continental Asia. The
overlap is greatest with Thailand (77%), Indochina (72%), the Himalayas plus NE India (60%)
and SW China (58%); obviously comparatively fewer species are shared with more distant areas
like Taiwan (15%), southern India (16%) and Sri Lanka (7%). Some of the orchids which arenative to Natma Taung are also widespread in Malesia, with some of them ranging as far east as
New Guinea, northern Australia or some islands in the Pacific Ocean. Examples are Eulophia
graminea Lindl., E. nuda Lindl., Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr., Liparis odorata (Willd.)
Lindl., Nervilia concolor (Blume) Schltr. and Pholidota imbricata Hook. The three species
Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl., Liparis cespitosa (Lam.) Lindl. and Nervilia simplex (Thouars)
Schltr. are widespread in the tropics of Africa and Asia, and Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.)
Druce is distributed in large parts of the northern temperate zone. A few species have a disjunctdistribution as specimens from Natma Taung were identified as belonging to species from faraway countries, pending a verification of their identification.
Endemic species, i.e. species native to a limited area and not known anywhere else in the world,
are obviously of special importance in plant conservation as there is not a large distribution areathat one can rely on for the survival of a species. Consequently, the only possibility to preserve
their continued existence is to conserve the small area where they occur. There is no entire genus
which is endemic to the Natma Taung area. The genus Dickasonia was once considered endemic
to the Chin Hills, but it has since also been discovered in north-eastern India and therefore lost its
endemicity status in Myanmar. However, on the species level there are quite a few endemics.
Habenaria rodgeri W.W.Sm. & Banerji, a look-alike of the well-known H. rhodocheila Hance, isendemic to Myanmar and is only known from Chin State and Mandalay Region. Porpax
dickasonii (Ormerod) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen (originally described in the genus
Conchidium) and Dendrobium laterale L.O.Williams are endemic to the Chin Hills, occurring in
the northern and southern part of Chin State. Three species that were in the last 10 years
described from specimens collected in Natma Taung are endemic to this area and are currently
only known from the type locality: Phalaenopsis natmataungensis (T.Yukawa, Nob.Tanaka &J.Murata) Dalström & Ormerod (originally described in the genus Doritis), Dendrobium koyamae
Nob.Tanaka, T.Yukawa & J.Murata and Neottia nyinyikyawii X.H.Jin, T.M.Aye & H.A.Mung. A
natural hybrid is also endemic to Natma Taung, the recently proposed Pleione ×kingdonwardii
P.J.Cribb & Butterf.

3

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

KEY TO GENERA
1. Flowers with 2 fertile stamens; pollen not forming well-defined pollinia························· 2+. Flowers with 1 fertile stamen, two anther halves mostly adjacent but occasionally far apart;pollen forming well-defined soft or hard pollinia····················································· 3
2. Flowers subactinomorphic, lip not clearly differentiated from sepals and petals······ Apostasia+. Flowers strongly zygomorphic, lip slipper-like······································ Paphiopedilum
3. Plants holomycotrophic, without green leaves························································· 4+. Plants autotrophic, with green leaves···································································· 8
4. Pollinia waxy or bony, relatively hard··································································· 5+. Pollinia soft or sectile······················································································ 6
5. Lip shortly saccate-spurred at the base; flowers several to many in a dense or subdense raceme································································································ Eulophia p.p.
+. Lip not saccate-spurred at the base; flowers few in a lax raceme················Cymbidium p.p.
6. Calyculus scales present····································································· Lecanorchis+. Calyculus scales not present·············································································· 7
7. Lip not spurred; rhizome slender, creeping············································· Aphyllorchis+. Lip spurred; rhizome spindle-shaped, tuber-like··········································Epipogium
8. Pollinia soft or sectile; plants terrestrial; leaves without articulation······························ 9+. Pollinia mostly relatively hard, waxy or bony, rarely rather soft; plants mostly epiphytic orlithophytic, less often terrestrial; leaves very often articulated at the base······················· 24
9. Plants normally leafless during flowering····················································· Nervilia+. Leaves present during flowering (occasionally already partly or entirely dried up andwithered)··································································································· 10
10. Leaves plicate······························································································ 11+. Leaves not plicate, either herbaceous or membranous··············································· 12
11. Leaves either several and borne all along the stem, or 2 at the apex of the stem; inflorescences
short and dense; pollinia sectile································································Tropidia+. Leaves 4−7, scattered along the stem, to 6 × 2 cm; inflorescence lax; pollinia soft·······························································································Cephalanthera
12. Pollinia soft································································································ 13+. Pollinia sectile····························································································· 14
13. Plants with a bundle of fleshy roots and a basal leaf rosette; inflorescence twisted like a spiralstaircase·························································································· Spiranthes+. Plants with underground rhizome and two more or less opposite leaves·················· Neottia

4Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

14. Anther connected to the column-part with a narrow base, opening at the anther apex; plants
with short or long rhizomes which are creeping in or on top of the soil·························· 15+. Anther connected to the column with a broad base, opening at the anther base; plants usuallywith underground root tubers··········································································· 18
15. Lip spurred, spur with stalked glands inside, mesochile pectinate·················Anoectochilus+. Lip not spurred, mesochile not pectinate······························································ 16
16. Sepals basally extensively united; lip hypochile with two rows of appendages on the inside·································································································· Cheirostylis+. Sepals free·································································································· 17
17. Lip largely hidden in the flower; hypochile with scattered hairs························· Goodyera+. Lip protruding from the flower; hypochile with 1−3 fleshy appendages on either side······································································································· Zeuxine
18. Flowers not resupinate, lip uppermost, hooded, with two spurs··························Satyrium+. Flowers resupinate, lip lowermost······································································ 19
19. Floral bracts leaf-like, as long as or longer than the flowers······················· Brachycorythis+. Floral bracts not leaf-like················································································· 20
20. Central rostellum lobe very large, as tall as or taller than the anther; leaves basal, 1 or rarely 2,
suborbicular to ovate, usually with red or brown markings; inflorescences mostly 1‒10flowered; lip unlobed or 3-lobed······························································ Hemipilia+. Central rostellum lobe almost always small and insignificant; leaves 1 to several, cauline or
rarely basal, most often green throughout; inflorescences few- to many-flowered; lip unlobed,
shallowly or deeply 3-lobed, or very rarely 5-lobed·················································· 21
21. Flowers small, green, yellowish green or less often whitish green; lip entire, 3-lobed or
5-lobed; spur usually absent or up to 1.5 mm long, in one species elongate and 8‒18 mm long;viscidia often involute and horn-like·······················································Herminium+. Flowers small to large, often green, yellow, white, or rarely pink; lip mostly deeply 3-lobed,
rarely entire; spur usually present, short and globular to cylindric and elongate, viscidia not as
above········································································································ 22
22. Flowers large and white; lip side lobes deeply laciniate; stigma a raised cushion below therostellum···························································································· Pecteilis+. Flowers small to large, colour various; lip side lobes (if present) linear, triangular or lorate,
rarely flabellate or laciniate; stigmas 2, developed as protruding stalks·························· 23
23. Stigma stalks often short, connate with or adpressed to the lip base···················· Peristylus+. Stigma stalks short or long, freely projecting·············································· Habenaria
24. Plants sympodial·························································································· 25+. Plants monopodial························································································· 62

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

25. Pollinia 2, often deeply cleft············································································· 26+. Pollinia 4 or 8······························································································ 28
26. Lip not saccate or spurred at the base················································Cymbidium p.p.
+. Lip saccate or spurred at the base······································································· 27
27. Inflorescence erect········································································· Eulophia p.p.
+. Inflorescence apically nodding······························································· Geodorum
28. Pollinia 8···································································································· 29+. Pollinia 4···································································································· 45
29. Plants densely covered in hispid hairs, our species 1−2 cm tall, stems creeping···· Trichotosia+. Plants either glabrous or pubescent; taller than 2 cm················································ 30
30. Column-foot absent or inconspicuous·································································· 31+. Column-foot conspicuous, long or short······························································· 37
31. Stems elongate and weakly or not at all thickened, with several cauline leaves all along its
length········································································································ 32+. Stems with aerial pseudobulbs or with corms························································ 33
32. Stems often thickened at base but without prominent underground corm; leaves linearlanceolate, mostly 1‒2 cm wide; floral bracts broadly ovate-triangular, shorter than the ovary,
3‒9 mm long····················································································· Arundina+. Stems with a subterranean, swollen corm; leaves narrowly elliptic-lanceolate to oblonglanceolate, 1.5‒3 cm wide; floral bracts broadly ovate or elliptic, longer than the ovary, 14–16
mm long·························································································Thuniopsis
33. Plants terrestrial, to 70 cm tall, with small corms bearing 2−4 linear-lanceolate leaves;inflorescence from the base of the plant, with a few yellow flowers in a lax raceme; lip withlaminate twin-calli··········································································Spathoglottis+. Not this combination of characters····································································· 34
34. Plants epiphytic···················································································· Thelasis+. Plants terrestrial··························································································· 35
35. Leaf 1······························································································ Ania p.p.
+. Leaves 2 or more·························································································· 36
36. Lip base extensively united with the column················································· Calanthe+. Lip not nor only basally united with the column··············································· Phaius
37. Plants terrestrial··························································································· 38+. Plants usually epiphytic or lithophytic································································· 40

56Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

38. Sepals connate to form an urn-shaped structure; column-foot much longer than the column,
curved upwards········································································Acanthephippium+. Sepals free; column-foot shorter than or as long as the column···································· 39
39. Plants with a subterranean swollen rhizome············································· Pachystoma+. Plants pseudobulbous············································································ Ania p.p.
40. Pseudobulbs under 2 cm tall, depressed globose and mostly wider than tall; usually covered bya sheath which is disintegrating into a reticulate pattern; flowers one to few; flowering in leafy
or leaf-less state······················································································Porpax+. Pseudobulbs not like this; flowers few to many, rarely only one··································· 41
41. Pseudobulbs conical-ovate; leaves large, about 50 –66 × 4‒7 cm; inf lorescence lax,
4‒20-flowered; ovary pubescent and with hair-like ramentae······························· Eriodes+. Not this combination of characters····································································· 42
42. Leaves terete··················································································Strongyleria+. Leaves dorsiventral, flat·················································································· 43
43. Stems of only one internode, cylindric, 5‒15 × 0.3‒0.6 cm, with two subterminal leaves············································································································ Eria+. Stems with several internodes···········································································44
44. Stems terete, ca. 9‒11 × 0.3‒0.6 cm; leaves 3 or 4, lanceolate, 6‒8.5 × 1‒1.4 cm; inflorescences
subterminal, short, white-tomentose, 2-flowered; floral bracts large, yellowish green, oblongovate, 12‒13 × 8‒9 mm; sepals and petals white, 11‒15 mm long; lip pale yellow, 3-lobed,
midlobe obovate, with median hairy keel············································· Cylindrolobus+. Not this combination of characters·······························································Pinalia
45. Slender terrestrial herbs; flowers not resupinate; all three sepals united in their lower part toform a tube, borne almost at right angle to the ovary································· Anthogonium+. Plants terrestrial, lithophytic or epiphytic; flowers resupinate or not; sepal tube not present··············································································································· 46
46. Epiphytes; lateral sepals fused into a synsepal··············································Acriopsis+. Plants terrestrial, lithophytic or epiphytic; lateral sepals not forming a synsepal··············· 47
47. Plants terrestrial; either the pseudobulbs ovoid and inconspicuous (partly hidden by cataphylls
and leaf bases), leaves strap-shaped and 25‒94 × 0.7‒2.5 cm; or pseudobulbs fusiform andleaves narrowly obovate to elliptic and up to 50 × 5.5 cm························Cymbidium p.p.
+. Combination of characters not as above······························································· 48
48. Column-foot conspicuous; pollinia without accessory structures································· 49+. Column-foot absent or very short; pollinia with or without accessory structures··············· 50
49. Inflorescences arising from the base of the pseudobulb; lip unlobed·············· Bulbophyllum+. Inflorescences normally from the upper part of the stem or pseudobulb; in one species basal,

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

but then lip 3-lobed········································································· Dendrobium
50. Plants with a long leafy stem····································································· Thunia+. Plants not with a long leafy stem········································································ 51
51. Leaves laterally compressed or subterete·····················································Oberonia+. Leaves dorsiventral, flat·················································································· 52
52. Prominent aerial pseudobulbs not present; plants terrestrial······································· 53+. Aerial pseudobulbs present, although sometimes partly obscured by cataphylls and leaf bases;
plants mostly epiphytic or lithophytic, rarely terrestrial············································ 55
53. Flowers pendulous, not opening widely; pollinarium with well-developed viscidium···································································································· Cremastra+. Flowers spreading, opening widely; pollinarium without stipe, caudicle or viscidium ········ 54
54. Column rather long, arching; basal lip auricles absent··································Liparis p.p.
+. Column short, erect; lip with basal auricles stretching backwards on both sides of the column····································································································Crepidium
55. Pollinia without appendages············································································· 56+. Prominent caudicles present············································································· 57
56. Plants epiphytic; inflorescences laxly to subdensely few- to 40-flowered············Liparis p.p.
+. Plants terrestrial; inflorescence densely many-flowered····································· Malaxis
57. Lip base adnate to the column······························································· Dickasonia+. Lip free from the column················································································ 58
58. Lip prominently saccate at the base···································································· 59+. Lip not saccate at the base, sometimes slightly concave············································· 60
59. Column thick and short, usually much shorter than the lip······························· Pholidota+. Column long and slender, usually nearly as long as the lip······························· Otochilus
60. Lip base more or less sigmoid···································································· Panisea+. Lip base not sigmoid······················································································ 61
61. Leaves deciduous, developing during anthesis; flowers 1−2, large··························Pleione+. Leaves persistent; flowers mostly more than 2, medium-sized to large················ Coelogyne
62. Pollinia 2, porate·························································································· 63+. Pollinia 2, each pollinium more or less cleft or split, sometimes completely so················· 66
63. Leaves terete; lip hypochile neither saccate nor spurred·······································Luisia+. Leaves almost always dorsiventrally flattened; lip hypochile saccate or spurred···············6478Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

64. Lip hypochile saccate······································································· Gastrochilus+. Lip hypochile with a prominent spur··································································· 65
65. Lip midlobe broadly ovate; flowers usually white with pink or pale purple lip································································································ Holcoglossum+. Lip midlobe ligulate; flowers uniformly pinkish red······································ Vanda p.p.
66. Each pollinium cleft or split············································································· 67+. Each pollinium completely divided into two unequal halves······································· 70
67. Column-foot absent or very indistinct································································· 68+. Column-foot present, short or long····································································· 69
68. Stipe short and broad·········································································· Vanda p.p.
+. Stipe linear··················································································Rhynchostylis
69. Leaves terete················································································ Papilionanthe+. Leaves flat and fleshy·············································································· Aerides
70. Column-foot present, short or long···················································Cleisostoma p.p.
+. Column-foot absent or indistinct········································································ 71
71. Lip movable································································································ 72+. Lip immovable, firmly adnate to the column························································· 73
72. Stems 20−70 cm long, usually with 6−8 leaves; stipe broad, saddle-like················ Arachnis+. Stems under 20 cm long, mostly with 3−5 leaves; stipe narrow, spathulate···Phalaenopsis p.p.
73. Lip unspurred, but hypochile sometimes concave··················································· 74+. Lip spurred or distinctly saccate········································································ 75
74. Flowers small, pale pink; median sepal under 8 mm long·······························Diploprora+. Flowers large, mustard yellow and mottled with purplish brown, lip creamy yellow withpurplish brown markings; median sepal 16−17.5 mm long······················Phalaenopsis p.p.
75. Lip spur with a longitudinal septum inside··········································Cleisostoma p.p.
+. Lip spur without a longitudinal septum inside························································ 76
76. Lip midlobe fringed along the margins, clawed basally with the spur in the apical half of theclaw·······················································································Phalaenopsis p.p.
+. Lip not like this···························································································· 77
77. Flowers red; lip much shorter than the median sepal····································Renanthera+. Sepals and petals yellow brown with darker markings, lip white; lip about as long as the sepals
and petals··························································································· Acampe

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

ACAMPE Lindley
Acampe ochracea (Lindl.) Hochr. in Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 270. 1910; Seidenf. in Opera
Bot. 95: 48, fig. 25, pl. IVb. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 489. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 64. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed.
4: 1 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 449. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchidsof Myanmar: 2 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 61. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 15. 2021.
— Saccolabium ochraceum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28 (Misc.): 2. 1842; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 6: 62. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 285. 1895.
— Acampe dentata Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 4: 3. 1853.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 61).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, E Himalaya, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.

ACANTHEPHIPPIUM Blume
Acanthephippium striatum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (Misc.): 41. 1838; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 816. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 50, fig. 23, pl. IVb. 1986; Thomas in Orchid
Monogr. 8: 131, fig. 65, pl. 6c. 1997; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 274, fig. 62. 2002;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 2 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen etal. in Fl. China 25: 310. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 439 & 440.4−6. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl.
Thailand 12 (2): 310, pl. XXV.2. 2014; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 16 (2021).
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1268 m, 27 May 2007, N. Kuroiwa et
al. 051344 (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia,
Indonesia.

ACRIOPSIS Reinwardt ex Blume
Acriopsis indica Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 5 (1): 20, t. 1748-1. 1851; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
79. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 313. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 103, fig. 57, pl. VIIIa.
1983; Minderhout & de Vogel in Orchid Monogr. 1: 8, fig. 5, pl. 1b. 1986; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 64. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 3
(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 280. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 377.
2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 7 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 61. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 16. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 61).

9

10Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia.

AERIDES Loureiro
The occurrence of the genus was reported by Kingdon-Ward (1959: 63), but we have not seen any
specimens referable to it. Kingdon-Ward did not indicate a species and we therefore assume thatthe plant was not flowering at the time. Considering the vegetative similarity of Aerides and someother Aeridinae (particularly Rhynchostylis and Vanda), it is likely that he mistook the plant for
Aerides.

ANIA Lindley
Ania angustifolia Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 129. 1831; Turner in Orchid Monogr. 6: 51, fig. 25.
1992; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 64. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 61. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 20. 2021.
— Tainia angustifolia (Lindl.) Hemsl., Gard. Chron., n.s., 18: 780. 1882; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:819. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 155. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 31, figs. 9b & 12. 1986;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 227 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 282. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 400.1−5. 2010; Pedersen in Fl.
Thailand 12 (2): 635, fig. 343, pl. LV.1. 2014.
— Ascotainia hennisiana Schltr., Orchideen Beschreib. Kult. Zücht.: 317. 1914.
— Ascotainia angustifolia (Lindl.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 246. 1919.
— Tainia hennisiana (Schltr.) P.F.Hunt in Kew Bull. 26: 182. 1971.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1155 m, 7 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et
al. 095088 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1220 m, 3 Oct. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22717 (BM).
Distribution. China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Ania viridifusca (Hook.) Tang & W.T.Wang ex Summerh. in Bot. Mag. 161: t. 9553. 1939; Turnerin Orchid Monogr. 6: 60, fig. 32. 1992; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 277. 2002; Kress et al.
in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 64. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 61. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 20. 2021.
— Calanthe viridifusca Hook. in Bot. Mag. 78: t. 4669. 1852.
— Tainia viridifusca (Hook.) Benth. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 820. 1890 [as viridi-fusca];
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 157. 1895 [as viridi-fusca]; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 28, figs. 9a & 11,
pl. IIb. 1986; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 229 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 283. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 400.7 & 402.
2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 644, fig. 349. 2014.
— Ascotainia viridifusca (Hook.) Schltr., Orchideen Beschreib. Kult. Zücht.: 317. 1914.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 23 Jan. 2008, S. Yasuda 060044

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

(MBK); 27 Mar. 2013, M. Matsumoto 091239 (MBK); 1552 m, 26 Feb. 2007, K. Fujikawa 050119(MBK). Matupi Township: 1289 m, 14 Mar. 2014, P. Srisanga et al. 098007 (MBK). Mindat
District, township not specified: 1430 m, 5 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21737 (BM).
Distribution. NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

ANOECTOCHILUS Blume
Anoectochilus albolineatus C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 141. 1874;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 50, fig. 28. 1978; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 64.
2003; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 11, fig. 2, pl. I.1. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 61.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 20. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060039(MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 18 Nov. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22872(BM).
Distribution. Thailand, Vietnam.

ANTHOGONIUM Wallich ex Lindley
Anthogonium gracile Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 426. 1840; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:822. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 158. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 67, fig. 33. 1986;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 279, fig. 64, pl. 10 [top-left]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 64. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 10 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 311. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 441.1−6.
2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 318, fig. 179. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
24 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 54 (incl. colour photos). 2017;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 21. 2021.
— Anthogonium griffithii Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 2: 90. 1854.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2006, Ling Shein Man 052211 (MBK);
700 m, 10 Sep. 2011, H. Funakoshi et al. 085274 (MBK); 750-1200 m, 5 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et
al. 025587 (MBK); 1200 m, 30 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 053646 (MBK); ca. 1500 m, 4 Sep. 2012,
Ling Shein Man 091654 (MBK); 2075 m, 26 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094454 (MBK). Mindat
Township: 22 Oct. 2011, Law Shine 088250 (MBK); 088250A (MBK); 1670-2445 m, 2 Sep. 2013,
K. Fujikawa et al. 094933 (MBK); 5 Aug. 2008, M. Matsumoto 20080603 (MBK); 1370 m, 29Aug. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22600 (BM), det. E.A. Christenson.
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

APHYLLORCHIS Blume

11

12

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Aphyllorchis montana Rchb.f. in Linnaea 41: 57. 1876; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 116. 1890;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 122, fig. 75. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 37, fig.
7k−s. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 64. 2003; Chen & Gale in Fl. China 25:
178. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 243.6−7 & 244. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 324,
fig. 182. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 22.
2021.
— Aphyllorchis prainii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 117. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1155 m, 7 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et
al. 095126 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1525 m, 31 Aug. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22609 (BM), det.
P.J. Cribb.
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, China, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia,
Indonesia, Philippines.

APOSTASIA Blume
Apostasia wallichii R.Br. in Wall., Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1: 75. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 175. 1890;
de Vogel in Blumea 17: 338, fig. 10c−g. 1969; Larsen & de Vogel in Fl. Thailand 2 (2): 135. 1972;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 18, fig. 1. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 64.
2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 20. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 22. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 22 Oct. 2011, Law Shine 088251 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Andaman Islands, China, Japan, Thailand,
Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia; N Australia.

ARACHNIS Blume
Arachnis clarkei (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm. in Natuurw. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 72: 76. 1912; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 23. 2021.
— Esmeralda clarkei Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 26: 552. 1886; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 136,
fig. 82. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 517. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 149 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 464. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 608.2−3. 2010;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 277 (incl. colour photos). 2014.
— Arachnanthe clarkei (Rchb.f.) Rolfe in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 4: 567. 1888; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 6: 28. 1890.
— Vanda clarkei (Rchb.f.) N.E.Br. in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1888: 122. 1888.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2220 m, 16 Feb. 2012, K. Fujikawa et
al. 086751 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2285 m, 1 Jan. 1954, F. Kingdon-

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Ward 22418 (K); 1980 m, 2 Sep. & 4 Oct. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22718 (BM), det. P.F. Hunt.
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand.

ARUNDINA Blume
Arundina graminifolia (D.Don) Hochr. in Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 270. 1910; Seidenf. in
Opera Bot. 89: 16, fig. 4, pl. Id. 1986; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 319, fig. 76, pl. 12 [topleft]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 65. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 13 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Gale in Fl. China 25: 315. 2009;
Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 447.1−3 & 448. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 327, fig. 184.
2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 27 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl.
Natma Taung: 55 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 24. 2021.
— Bletia graminifolia D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 29. 1825.
— Arundina chinensis Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 402. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 857. 1890.
— Arundina bambusifolia Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 125. 1831, nom. illeg.; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 857. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 201. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2006, Ling Shein Man 052150 (MBK);
14 Aug. 2008, K. Fujikawa et al. 053500 (MBK); 17 Sep. 2012, Law Shine 091570 (MBK); ca.
600-815 m, 7 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 095167 (MBK); 820 m, 2 Sep. 2011, H. Funakoshi etal. 085049 (MBK); ca. 900 m, 25 Oct. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087686 (MBK); 1125 m, 30 Sep.
2008, S. Yasuda 053621 (MBK); 1140 m, 11 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 053612 (MBK); ca. 1676 m, 4Nov. 2002, Ling Shein Man & Cho Cho Win 024454 (MBK); 1700 m, 13 July 2013, Ling Shein
Man 093094 (MBK). Mindat Township: 29 Nov. 2011, Law Shine 088318 (MBK); 1370 m, 19 July
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22509 (BM), det. P.F. Hunt.
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, S Japan, Thailand,Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea; naturalised in
Réunion, several islands of the Pacific Ocean, Central America and the Caribbean.

BRACHYCORYTHIS Lindley
Brachycorythis acuta (Rchb.f.) Summerh. in Kew Bull. 10: 238. 1955; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 31 (3): 10, fig. 1. 1977; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 16 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 21, fig. 8. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 26. 2021.
— Gymnadenia acuta Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 32. 1878.
— Platanthera acuta (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl., Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 611. 1899.
— Brachycorythis obovalis Summerh. in Kew Bull. 10: 237. 1955; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 65. 2003.

13

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 365 m, 27 Jun. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward22426 (BM), det. H.Æ. Pedersen.
Distribution. NE India, Thailand, Cambodia.
Brachycorythis galeandra (Rchb.f.) Summerh. in Kew Bull. 10: 241. 1955; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 65. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 101. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs.
145.4−6 & 146. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 23, fig. 9. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 27. 2021.
— Platanthera galeandra Rchb.f. in Linnaea 25: 226. 1852.
— Habenaria galeandra (Rchb.f.) Benth., Fl. Hongk.: 363. 1861; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 163.
1890.
— Gymnadenia galeandra (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 33. 1878.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060070(MBK); 1350 m, 3 July 2013, Ling Shein Man 092985 (MBK); ca. 1524 m, 28 June 2011, Ling
Shein Man et al. 087467 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 21 July 2007, N. Tanaka
s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam,
Cambodia.
Brachycorythis cf. helferi (Rchb.f.) Summerh. in Kew Bull. 10: 235. 1955; Seidenf. in Dansk
Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 13, fig. 3. 1977; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 65. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 16 (incl. colour photo). 2005;
Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 24, fig. 10. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 38 (incl.
colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 62. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):
27. 2021.
— Gymnadenia helferi Rchb.f. in Flora 55: 276. 1872; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 325. 1895.
— Habenaria helferi (Rchb.f.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 164. 1890.
— Gymnadenia sesamoides C.S.P.Parish in F.Mason, Burmah, ed. 4, 2: 184. 1883.
— Platanthera helferi (Rchb.f.) Kraenzl., Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 611. 1899.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township, 30 July 2008, K. Fujikawa et al.
053027 (MBK); 914 m, 25 July 2006, Ling Shein Man 052055 (MBK).
Distribution. NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

BULBOPHYLLUM Thouars, nom. cons.
Bulbophyllum careyanum (Hook.) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 732. 1826; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:760. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 36. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 145, fig. 98.
1979; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 451, pl. 24 [bottom-left]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 65. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 22

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

(incl. colour photo). 2005; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 63. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 30. 2021.
— Anisopetalum careyanum Hook., Exot. Fl. 2: t. 149. 1825.
— Bulbophyllum careyanum var. ochracea Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 760. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 63).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, Thailand, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum dickasonii Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 192, fig. 139. 1979; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 66. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 64. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 33. 2021.
— Tripudianthes dickasonii (Seidenf.) Szlach. & Kras in Richardiana 7: 95. 2007.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 2285 m, F.G.
Dickason 8444 (holotype: AMES); 1400 m, 26 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21866 (BM).
Distribution. ? NE India.
Bulbophyllum helenae (Kuntze) J.J.Sm. in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 8: 24. 1912;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 157, fig. 108. 1979; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 468,
pl. 25 [top-right]. 2002; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 430. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs.
548.8−10. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 64. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 35.
2021.
— Cirrhopetalum cornutum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (Misc.): 75. 1838; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 774. 1890.
— Phyllorkis helenae Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 676. 1891.
— Phyllorkis cornuta (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
— Rhytionanthos cornutum (Lindl.) Garay et al. in Nordic J. Bot. 14: 637. 1994.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 64).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum leopardinum (Wall.) Lindl. ex Wall., Numer. List: no. 1981. 1829; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 5: 756. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 28, fig. 10. 1979; Pearce & Cribb,
Orchids of Bhutan: 442. 2002; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 30(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 409. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25:
figs. 534 & 535.1. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 65. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 37. 2021.
— Dendrobium leopardinum Wall., Tent. Fl. Napal.: 39. 1826.

15

16

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2— Phyllorkis leopardina (Wall.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 65).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 33: sub t. 29. 1847; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:755. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 41. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 21. 1979; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 66. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 65. 2020.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: photographic
record M. Rodda.
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia,
Philippines.
Note. Record is from a photograph only and this did not permit the identification of thesubspecies.
Bulbophyllum moniliforme C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 151. 1874;
Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 757. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 43. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 33 (3): 49, fig. 24. 1979; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 66. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti,
Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 34 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 65. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 39. 2021.
— Phyllorkis moniliformis (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 65).
Distribution. NE India, S Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Bulbophyllum nigrescens Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1910: 158. 1910; Seidenf. in Dansk
Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 104, fig. 64. 1979; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 66. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 36 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 421. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 554 & 566.9−11. 2010; Aung etal. in PhytoKeys 138: 65. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 39. 2021.
— Bulbophyllum angusteellipticum Seidenf. in Nordic J. Bot. 1: 209. 1981; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 19 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
— Bulbophyllum secundum auct., non Hook.f.: Saw Lwin, Myanmar native orchids, vol. II: 7.
2004.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: Homan 21 (TNS).
Distribution. Thailand, SW China, Laos, Vietnam.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Bulbophyllum odoratissimum (Sm.) Lindl. ex Wall., Numer. List: no. 1987. 1829, nomen; Lindl.,
Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 55. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 758. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 44.
1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 76, fig. 43. 1979; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
447, pl. 25 [bottom-left]. 2002; K ress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 66. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 36 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 414. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 543. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild
Orchids of Myanmar: 57 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 57 (incl.
colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 65. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):
40. 2021.
— Bulbophyllum congestum Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1912: 131. 1912; Seidenf. in Dansk
Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 78, fig. 45. 1979; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 65. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 23 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
— Stelis odoratissima Sm. in A.Rees, Cycl. 34: 12. 1816.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township, 31 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060081(MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Bulbophyllum parviflorum C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 152. 1874;
Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 763. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 44. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 33 (3): 103, fig. 64. 1979; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 456. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4:
38 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 65. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 41. 2021.
— Phyllorkis parviflora (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1950 m, N. Tanaka
20040162 (TNS).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Bulbophyllum pectinatum Finet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 268. 1897; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 33 (3): 25, fig. 9. 1979; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti,
Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 38 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Vermeulen in
Fl. China 25: 407. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 528 & 529. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofMyanmar: 58 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 65. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 41. 2021.
— Bulbophyllum spectabile Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1898: 193. 1898.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 030989 (MBK); 1750 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029692 (MBK); 2030-2295
m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081272 (MBK); 2135-2440 m, Apr. 1956, Maung Gale-2

17

18

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 25553 (RAF), ident. uncertain. Mindat District, township not specified: 1830 m, 20 Apr. 1926, R.
Unwin 3078 (E), det. Ji Zhanhou; R. Swinhoe 35 (K); 3050 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8605
(AMES); 2135-2440 m, 2 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21931 (BM), det. Ji Zhanhou.
Distribution. NE India, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum cf. refractum (Zoll.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 259. 1861; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 66. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 44. 2021.
— Cirrhopetalum refractum Zoll. in Flora 30: 456. 1847; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 779. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 58. 1895.
— Phyllorkis refracta (Zoll.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5512
(RAF).
Distribution. Vietnam, W Indonesia (Sumatra and Java).
Note. Very similar to B. wallichii (Lindl.) Rchb.f.
Bulbophyllum reptans (Lindl.) Lindl. ex Wall., Numer. List: no. 1988. 1829; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 768. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 109, fig. 70. 1979; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 452, fig. 101. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti,
Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 42 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Vermeulen in
Fl. China 25: 412. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 566.12−14. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
66. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 44. 2021.
— Stelis racemosa Sm. in A.Rees, Cycl. 34: 10. 1816.
— Tribrachia reptans Lindl., Coll. Bot.: t. 41. 1826.
— Tribrachia racemosa (Sm.) Lindl., Coll. Bot.: sub t. 41A. 1826.
— Phyllorkis reptans (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
— Sunipia racemosa (Sm.) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 90. 1951.
— Ione racemosa (Sm.) Seidenf. in Bot. Tidsskr. 64: 227. 1969.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 66).
Distribution. N India, Himalaya, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum retusiusculum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1869: 1182. 1869; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 29 (1): 195, figs. 106−108. 1973; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 173, fig. 123. 1979;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 473, fig. 102, pl. 25 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 427. 2009; Fl. China
Illustr. 25: fig. 564. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 66. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 45. 2021.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Cirrhopetalum retusiusculum (Rchb.f.) Hemsley in Gard. Chron., n.s., 18: 365. 1882; Hook.f.,
Fl. Brit. India 5: 776. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 59. 1895; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 63 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
— Phyllorkis retusiuscula (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060065(MBK); 2030-2295 m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081269 (MBK); 2040 m, 19 May
2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089043 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2200 m, 24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et
al. 089231 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper 6082 (E).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia,
Peninsular Malaysia.
Bulbophyllum rufinum Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 3: 44. 1881; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 188. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 47. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 115, fig. 74. 1979; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 42 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 418. 2009; Fl. China
Illustr. 25: fig. 549. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 66 (incl. colour photos). 2014;
Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 58 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
66. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 46. 2021.
— Phyllorkis rufina (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Kang et al.
(2017: 58).
Distribution. Thailand, SW China, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Bulbophyllum sasakii (Hayata) Vermeulen et al. in Phytotaxa 166 (2): 105. 2014; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 47. 2021.
— Ione andersonii King & Pantl. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 8: 159. 1898; Pearce & Cribb,
Orchids of Bhutan: 481. 2002.
— Ione sasakii Hayata, Icon. Pl. Formosan. 2: 139. 1912.
— Ione flavescens Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 373. 1914; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 81. 2003.
— Ione bifurcatoflorens Fukuy. in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 49: 440. 1935.
— Ione andersonii var. flavescens (Rolfe) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 90. 1951.
— Sunipia andersonii (King & Pantl.) P.F.Hunt in Kew Bull. 26: 183. 1971; Seidenf. in Opera Bot.
89: 172, fig. 113. 1986; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 225 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 442. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs.
585. 1−2 & 586. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 413 (incl. colour photo). 2014.
— Sunipia flavescens (Rolfe) P.F.Hunt in Kew Bull. 26: 184. 1971.
— Sunipia sasakii (Hayata) P.F.Hunt in Kew Bull. 26: 184. 1971.
— Bulbophyllum bifurcatoflorens (Fukuy.) Vermeulen et al. in Phytotaxa 166 (2): 104. 2014; Aunget al. in PhytoKeys 138: 63. 2020.

19

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1552 m, 1 Mar. 2007, K. Fujikawa
050168 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: C. Wheeler-Cuffe s.n. (holotype of Ione
flavescens: K).
Distribution. Bhutan, NE India, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.
Notes:—Well known as Sunipia andersonii.
Bulbophyllum secundum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 764. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33(3): 103, fig. 63. 1979; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 457. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 43 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 420. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 553.
2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 67 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 67. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 47. 2021.
— Phyllorkis secunda (Hook. f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 678. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 031004 (MBK); 2030-2295 m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081264(MBK). Mindat Township: 2200 m, 24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089204 (MBK). Matupi
Township: 1760 m, 11 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092414 (MBK). Mindat District, townshipnot specified: R. Swinhoe 122 (K).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum suavissimum Rolfe in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 5: 297. 1889; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:768. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 49. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 210, fig. 153.
1979; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 45 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 440.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 581.11−13. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 69 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 67. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):
49. 2021.
— Phyllorkis suavissima (Rolfe) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 678. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2008, S. Yasuda 060050 (MBK); 18
Sep. 2008, S. Yasuda 060051 (MBK).
Distribution. ? NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand.
Bulbophyllum sulcatum (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 57. 1830; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 67. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 49. 2021.
— Diphyes sulcata Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 314. 1825.
— Phyllorkis sulcata (Blume) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 678. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

(2020: 67).
Distribution. Thailand, ? Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia.
Bulbophyllum sunipia J.J.Verm. et al. in Phytotaxa 166 (2): 105. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 67. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 49. 2021.
— Sunipia scariosa Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 179. 1833; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 772. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 186. 1895; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 488, fig. 105. 2002;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 88. 2003; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 441.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 584.1−4. 2010.
— Ione scariosa (Lindl.) King & Pantl. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 8 (1): 161. 1898; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 82. 2003.
— Sunipia racemosa auct., non (Sm.) Tang & F.T.Wang: Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 182, fig. 124.
1986; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 416 (incl. colour photo). 2014.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1 Apr. 2009, S. Yasuda 060008(MBK); 1750 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029702 (MBK). Mindat District, township not
specified: 1830 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8554 (AMES); R. Swinhoe 33 (K).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in J. Bot. 12: 198. 1874; Seidenf. in Dansk
Bot. Ark. 29 (1): 143, fig. 70. 1973; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 167, fig. 115. 1979; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 67. 2003; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 429. 2009; Aung etal. in PhytoKeys 138: 67. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 50. 2021.
— Bulbophyllum simillimum C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 49. 1878.
— Cirrhopetalum simillimum C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 49. 1878; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 5: 775. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 59. 1895.
— Cirrhopetalum taeniophyllum (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 780. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 60. 1895; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4:64 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
— Phyllorkis simillima (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 678. 1891.
— Phyllorkis taeniophylla (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 678. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 7 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060089(MBK). Mindat Township: 2000 m, 5 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 053610 (MBK).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia.
Bulbophyllum tripudians C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 154. 1874;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 189, fig. 135. 1979; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45:
67. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 48 (incl. colour photo).
2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 72 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 67. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 50. 2021.

21

22

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2— Cirrhopetalum tripudians (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron.,n.s., 5: 816. 1876.
— Tripudianthes tripudians (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Szlach. & Kras in Richardiana 7: 96. 2007.
— Bulbophyllum tripudianthe J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 124 (1314, Suppl.): 35. 2016, nom.
superfl.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 67).
Distribution. Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Bulbophyllum triste Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 253. 1861; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:768. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 50. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (3): 213, fig. 156.
1979; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 464. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45:
68. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 49 (incl. colour photo).
2005; Chen & Vermeulen in Fl. China 25: 439. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 581.1‒6 & 583.
2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 73 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 67. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 51. 2021.
— Bulbophyllum alopecurus Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 14: 70. 1880; Grant, Orchids of Burma:
35. 1895.
— Bulbophyllum micranthum Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 768. 1890, nom. illeg.; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 42. 1895.
— Phyllorkis tristis (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 678. 1891.
— Phyllorkis alopecurus (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
— Phyllorkis micrantha (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1891.
— Bulbophyllum mackeeanum Guillaumin in Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 34: 95. 1962.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 67).
Distribution. India, Himalaya, SW China, Thailand.

CALANTHE R.Brown
Calanthe simplex Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (2): 42. 1975; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 299.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 427.3. 2010; Clayton & Cribb, The genus Calanthe: 41, fig. 9.8.
2013; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 369, fig. 206, pl. XXIX.3. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 68. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 57. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 18 Nov.
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22873 (BM).
Distribution. NE India, SW China, Thailand.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

CEPHALANTHERA Richard
Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce in Ann. Scott. Nat. Hist. 1906: 225. 1906; Pearce &Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 39, pl. 2 [bottom-right]. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 176. 2009;
Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 241.3−4. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 69. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 59. 2021.
— Serapias damasonium Mill. in Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 2. 1768.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 031019 (MBK); 2040 m, 19 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089050 (MBK); 2100 m,
24 May 2007, N. Kuroiwa et al. 051215 (MBK); ca. 2300-2450 m, 4 June 2002, N. Tanaka et al.
023279 (MBK); 6 June 1924, R.E. Cooper 6131 (E, SING); 1 July 1924, R.E. Cooper 6122 (E,
SING). Mindat Township: 1670-2445 m, 2 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094936 (MBK); 2200 m,
24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089212 (MBK); 1830 m, 20 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22235(BM). MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051113 (MBK).
Distribution. Bhutan, NE India, SW China; Europe, N Africa, Middle East.

CHEIROSTYLIS Blume
Cheirostylis griffithii Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1: 188. 1857; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:105. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 360. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 65, fig. 36.
1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 79. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 69.
2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 60. 2009; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 30, fig. 13, pl. II.1.
2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 69. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 61. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: photographic
record M. Rodda.
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand.
Cheirostylis spathulata J.J.Sm. in Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, III, 9: 32. 1927; Seidenf. in Dansk
Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 66, fig. 37. 1978; Ormerod & Sathish Kumar in Rheedea 13: 46. 2003; Pedersen
in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 37, fig. 18. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 69. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 61. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1220 m or below, 11 Mar. 1956, F.
Kingdon-Ward 21776 (BM).
Distribution. Thailand, Vietnam, W Indonesia.

CLEISOSTOMA Blume
Cleisostoma duplicilobum (J.J.Sm.) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 171. 1972; Seidenf. in Dansk

23

24

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Bot. Ark. 29 (3): 36, fig. 15. 1975; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4:67 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 70. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 64. 2021.
— Sarcanthus duplicilobus J.J.Sm. in Bull. Dép. Agric. Indes Néerl. 13: 64. 1907.
— Sarcanthus carinatus Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 408. 1925.
— Cleisostoma carinatum (Rolfe ex Downie) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 170. 1972.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 915-1220 m, 2 June 1956, F. KingdonWard 22336 (BM).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines.
Cleisostoma filiforme (Lindl.) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 171. 1972; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 29 (3): 55, figs. 23a & 24. 1975; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 513. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 69. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4:
68 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 462. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
607.1−5. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 70. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 64.
2021.
— Sarcanthus filiformis Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28 (Misc.): 61. 1842; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
6: 66. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 294. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 915 m, 25 Aug. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22595 (BM).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Cleisostoma racemiferum (Lindl.) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 173. 1972; Seidenf. in Dansk
Bot. Ark. 29 (3): 16, fig. 4. 1975; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 511, pl. 27 [bottom-right].
2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 69. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 70 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 459.
2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 108 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 70. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 65. 2021.
— Saccolabium racemiferum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 224. 1833.
— Sarcanthus pallidus Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.): 78. 1840; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
6: 68. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 297. 1895.
— Sarcanthus racemifer (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 891. 1864.
— Sarcanthus chrysomelas Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1869: 662. 1869; Grant, Orchids of Burma:
293. 1895.
— Sarcanthus lorifolius C.S.P.Parish ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 69. 1890; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 295. 1895.
— Cleisostoma chrysomelas (Rchb.f.) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 170. 1972.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1740 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al.
029688 (MBK); 2560 m, 22 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089191 (MBK).

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular
Malaysia.

COELOGYNE Lindley
Coelogyne anceps Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 840. 1890; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 32, fig.
5a.1. 2002; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 242 (incl. colour photos). 2011; de Vogel &Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 390. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 70. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 67. 2021.
— Pleione anceps (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 70).
Distribution. Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia.
Coelogyne brachyptera Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 16: 6. 1881; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 842.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 170. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (4): 66, fig. 27, Pl. II.
1975; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 59, fig. 9.1, pl. 4A. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 69. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 74 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 63 (incl. colour illustr.). 2011; de Vogel &Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 392, fig. 216, pl. XXXI.1. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofMyanmar: 113 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 71. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 67. 2021.
— Pleione brachyptera (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
— Coelogyne parishii Hook. var. brachyptera (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer & Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.),Pflanzenr., IV, 50 II B 7 (32): 78. 1907.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 71).
Distribution. Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Coelogyne corymbosa Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 5: 7. 1854; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 831. 1890; Pearce& Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 330, pl. 13 [top-left]. 2002; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 187, fig.
24.1, pl. 22B. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 69. 2003; Chen & Clayton in Fl.
China 25: 325. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 454.1. 2010; George & George, Les Coelogynes:
328 (incl. colour photos). 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 71. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 68. 2021.
— Pleione corymbosa (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 6 Mar. 2008, S. Yasuda 060017

25

26

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2(MBK); 1450-1262 m, 1 June 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089640A (MBK); 2030-2295 m, 27 June
2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081290 (MBK); 2300-2600 m, 25 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al.
029174 (MBK); 2340 m, 19 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089077 (MBK); 2400-2750 m, 15 May
2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030581 (MBK); ca. 2450-2750 m, 3 June 2002, N. Tanaka et al. 023498(MBK). Mindat Township: ca. 2400-2500 m, 17 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030845 (MBK); ca.
2450 m, 24 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081118 (MBK); 2480 m, 28 Apr. 2003, J. Murata
et al. 029740 (MBK); 2540 m, 22 June 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092131 (MBK). Matupi
Township: 1685 m, 8 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092379 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2285 m, 20
May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22251 (BM).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China.
Coelogyne fuscescens Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 41. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 833. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 173. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (4): 26, fig. 7. 1975; Clayton,
The genus Coelogyne: 182, fig. 23.2, pl. 21F. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 70.
2003; Chen & Clayton in Fl. China 25: 323. 2009; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 167 (incl.
colour illustr.). 2011; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 60 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al.
in PhytoKeys 138: 71. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 69. 2021.
— Pleione fuscescens (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Kang et al.
(2017: 60).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Coelogyne holochila P.F.Hunt & Summerh. in Kew Bull. 20: 52. 1966; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 337. 2002; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 35, fig. 5a.7, pl. 1C. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 70. 2003; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 106 (incl. colour illustr.).
2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 71. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 70. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: C. Wheeler-Cuffe
s.n. (holotype: K); 2285 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8611 (AMES).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India.
Coelogyne micrantha Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1855: 173. 1855; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 836.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 177. 1895; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 57, fig. 8. 2002; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 70. 2003; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 302 (incl. colour
illustr.). 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 71. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 70.
2021.
— Coelogyne papagena Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 20: 214. 1862.
— Pleione micrantha (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1552 m, 26 Feb. 2007, K. Fujikawa
050120 (MBK).

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, ? SW China, ? Vietnam.
Coelogyne nervosa A.Rich. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 15: 16. 1841; Clayton, The genus
Coelogyne: 178, fig. 22.9, pl. 21C. 2002; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 86 (incl. colour
photos). 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 71. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 71.
2021.
— Coelogyne corrugata Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 5: t. 1639. 1851; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:835. 1890.
— Pleione nervosa (A.Rich.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
— Pleione corrugata (Wight) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 71).
Distribution. S India.
Coelogyne nitida (Wall. ex D.Don) Lindl., Coll. Bot.: t. 33 & 37. 1824; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:837. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 177. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (4): 53, fig. 20.
1975; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 330. 2002; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 189, fig.
24.3, pl. 22C. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 70. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 76 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Clayton in Fl.
China 25: 324. 2009; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 333 (incl. colour photos). 2011; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 124 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 72.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 71. 2021.
— Cymbidium nitidum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 35. 1825.
— Pleione nitida (Wall. ex D.Don) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Matupi Township: 1685 m, 8 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al.
092379A (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Coelogyne prolifera Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 40. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 838. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 180. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (4): 78, fig. 33. 1975; Pearce& Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 335. 2002; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 44, fig. 6.2, pl. 2C. 2002;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 70. 2003; Chen & Clayton in Fl. China 25: 319. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: fig. 451.1−2. 2010; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 353 (incl. colour illustr.).
2011; de Vogel & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 410, fig. 228, pl. XXXII.4 & XXXIII.1. 2014;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 118 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. NatmaTaung: 63 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 72. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 72. 2021.
— Coelogyne flavida Hook.f. ex Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 5: 10. 1854; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide
Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 75 (incl. colour photo). 2005.

27

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2— Pleione prolifera (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 20 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051153(MBK); ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 031001 (MBK). Mindat Township, 2200
m, 24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089203 (MBK); 1220-1525 m, 2 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward22194 (BM). Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 22 Apr. 1926, R. Unwin 3099 (E);
21 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 20040158 (TNS); 31 May 2004, Kobayashi 20040158 (TNS).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Coelogyne sanderae Kraenzl., Reichenbachia, ser. 2, 2: t. 56. 1893; Grant, Orchids of Burma:
182. 1895; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 39, fig. 5b.13. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 70. 2003; Chen & Clayton in Fl. China 25: 322. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 452.4.
2010; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 114 (incl. colour photos). 2011; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 72. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 73. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: R. Swinhoe 32 (K).
Distribution. Bangladesh, SW China, Vietnam.
Coelogyne schultesii S.K.Jain & S.Das in Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., B 87 (5): 121. 1978; Pearce &Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 336, pl. 14 [top-right]. 2002; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 46, fig.
6.4, pl. 2E. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 70. 2003; Chen & Clayton in Fl. China
25: 319. 2009; George & George, Les Coelogynes: 356 (incl. colour illustr.). 2011; de Vogel &Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 420, fig. 235, pl. XXXIV.1. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
72. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 74. 2021.
— Coelogyne prolifera auctt. plur., non Lindl.
— Coelogyne victoria-reginae Q.Liu & S.S.Zhou in PhytoKeys 98: 127, figs. 1, 2 & 3C. 2018;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 73. 2020.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 20 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051152(MBK); ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030961 (MBK); 031002 (MBK); 20302295 m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081265 (MBK); 2285 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason
8441 (AMES, K). Mindat Township, ca. 2500 m, 24 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081141(MBK); 1525 m, 19 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21816 (BM). Mindat District, township not
specified: 2400-2600 m, 1 May 2017, Qiang Liu M17-18 (holotype of Coelogyne victoria-reginae:
HITBC; isotype: RAF) [not seen]; R. Swinhoe 96 (K); 1830-1980 m, 23 June 1956, F. KingdonWard 22420 (BM).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Coelogyne stricta (D.Don) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 184. 1919; Pearce &Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 333, pl. 14 [bottom-left]. 2002; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 40, fig.
5b.14, pl. 1D. 2002; Chen & Clayton in Fl. China 25: 320. 2009; George & George, Les
Coelogynes: 117 (incl. colour photos). 2011; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 64 (incl. colour
photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 72. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 74.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

2021.
— Cymbidium strictum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 35. 1825.
— Coelogyne elata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 40. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 838. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 171. 1895; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 70. 2003.
— Pleione elata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 17 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051124(MBK, TNS); 1790 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029715 (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Laos, Vietnam.
Coelogyne viscosa Rchb.f. in Allg. Gartenzeitung 24: 218. 1856; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 832.
1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 29 (4): 37, fig. 13. 1975; Clayton, The genus Coelogyne: 215,
fig. 26.8, pl. 24D. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 71. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 79 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Clayton in Fl.
China 25: 324. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 452.2−3. 2010; George & George, Les Coelogynes:
137 (incl. colour photos). 2011; de Vogel & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 431, fig. 243. 2014;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 131 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 73. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 75. 2021.
— Coelogyne graminifolia C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 146. 1874;
Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 831. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 174. 1895.
— Pleione graminifolia (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
— Pleione viscosa (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: R. Unwin s.n. in
Maymyo Bot. Gard. 13521 (K); 12 Jan. 2009, Kyaw Khaing 0021 (TNS), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam,
Peninsular Malaysia.

CREMASTRA Lindley
Cremastra appendiculata (D.Don) Makino in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 18: 24. 1904; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 6: 16. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 237, fig. 53. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China
25: 249. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 325. 2010; Watthana et al. in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 66(3): 197. 2015; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 73. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 76.
2021.
— Cymbidium appendiculatum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 36. 1825.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2340 m, 19 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et
al. 089099 (MBK). Mindat Township: ca. 2400-2500 m, 17 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030828(MBK).

29

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea.

CREPIDIUM Blume
Crepidium acuminatum (D.Don) Szlach. in Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 123. 1995; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 233. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 307.5−6. 2010; Kang et al., Seed Pl.
Natma Taung: 66 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 73. 2020; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 77. 2021.
— Malaxis acuminata D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 29. 1825; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (1): 55,
figs. 43−44. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 213, pl. 7 [bottom-left]. 2002; Kress et al.
in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 83. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 181 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
— Microstylis wallichii Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 20. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 686. 1888;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 18. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1524 m, 26 June 2011, Ling Shein
Man 087460 (MBK); ca. 2450-2750 m, 4 June 2002, N. Tanaka et al. 023510 (MBK); 1525-1830m, 1 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22492 (BM). Mindat District, township not specified: 1924,
R.E. Cooper 6051 (E, SING).
Distribution. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, ? Taiwan, Andaman Islands, Nicobar
Islands, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, ? Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines; N Australia.
Crepidium calophyllum (Rchb.f.) Szlach. in Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 125. 1995; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 232. 2009; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 67 (incl. colour photos).
2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 73. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 77. 2021.
— Liparis elegantissima Jacob-Makoy ex T.Moore & Mast. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 5: 603. 1876.
— Microstylis calophylla Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 12: 718. 1879.
— Microstylis wallichii var. brachycheila Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 686. 1888.
— Microstylis scottii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 687. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 17. 1895.
— Malaxis calophylla (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673. 1891; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark.
33 (1): 54, fig. 42. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 215. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 83. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 181 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 326 (incl. colour photo). 2014.
— Malaxis scottii (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673. 1891.
— Malaxis calophylla var. brachycheila (Hook.f.) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 71.
1951.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Kang et al.
(2017: 67); 26 July 2015, Y.D. Kim s.n., photographic record.
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Borneo.
Crepidium khasianum (Hook.f.) Szlach. in Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 127. 1995; Chen &Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Wood in Fl. China 25: 233. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 73. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 78. 2021.
— Microstylis khasiana Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 686. 1888.
— Malaxis khasiana (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673. 1891; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark.
33 (1): 52, fig. 39. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 216. 2002.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060072(MBK); 1370 m, 8 July 2013, Ling Shein Man 093057 (MBK); 1400 m, 25 July 2008, S. Yasuda
053605 (MBK); 1400-1600 m, 26 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081194 (MBK); ca. 1432 m,
24 June 2011, Ling Shein Man et al. 087417 (MBK); 1552 m, 2 Aug. 2008, K. Fujikawa et al.
053114 (MBK); 1965-1590 m, 22 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094196 (MBK). Matupi Township:1660 m, 12 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092458 (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, SW China, Thailand.
Crepidium mackinnonii (Duthie) Szlach. in Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 128. 1995; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 232. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 73. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 78. 2021.
— Microstylis mackinnonii Duthie in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 71: 37. 1902.
— Malaxis mackinnonii (Duthie) Ames, Orchidaceae 6: 289. 1920; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33(1): 50, fig. 38. 1978; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 182 (incl.
colour photo). 2005.
— Seidenforchis mackinnonii (Duthie) Marg. in Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae 75: 303. 2006.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1295 m, 27 Aug. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22598 (BM).
Distribution. India, Himalaya, SW China.
Crepidium ophrydis (J.König) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones in Lasianthera 1: 38. 1996; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 78. 2021.
— Epidendrum ophrydis J.König in A.J.Retzius, Observ. Bot. 6: 46. 1791.
— Malaxis latifolia Sm. in A.Rees, Cycl. 22: 3. 1812; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (1): 45, fig.
35. 1978; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 83. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 182 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
328 (incl. colour photo). 2014.
— Dienia congesta Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 10: sub t. 825. 1824.
— Microstylis congesta (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 206. 1861; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 5: 689. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 16. 1895.
— Microstylis latifolia (Sm.) J.J.Sm., Orch. Java: 248. 1905.
— Malaxis ophrydis (J.König) Ormerod in G.Seidenfaden, Descr. Epidendrorum J.G.König: 18.
1995; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 220. 2002.
— Dienia latifolia (Sm.) M.A.Clem. & D.L.Jones in Lasianthera 1: 41. 1996.
— Dienia ophrydis (J.König) Ormerod & Seidenf., Contr. Orchid Fl. Thailand 13: 18. 1997; Chen

31

32

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2& Wood in Fl. China 25: 235. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 309. 2010; Kang et al., Seed Pl.
Natma Taung: 75 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 83. 2020.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1524 m, 28 June 2011, Ling Shein
Man et al. 087466 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Taiwan, S Japan,
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, New
Guinea; N Australia, New Caledonia.
Crepidium szemaoense (Tang & F.T.Wang) Nuammee et al. in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 44: 36.
2016; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 73. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 79. 2021.
— Malaxis szemaoensis Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 75. 1951.
— Malaxis ovalisepala auct., non (J.J.Sm.) Seidenf.: Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (1): 79, fig.
55. 1978.
— Crepidium ovalisepalum auct., non (J.J.Sm.) Szlach.: Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 231. 2009.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Matupi Township: 1685 m, 8 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al.
092359 (MBK).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand.

CYLINDROLOBUS Blume
Cylindrolobus cristatus (Rolfe) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood in Fl. China 25: 349. 2009; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 74. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 81. 2021.
— Eria cristata Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1892: 139. 1892; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 96,
fig. 54, pl. VIb. 1982; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 77. 2003.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 74).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand.

CYMBIDIUM Swartz
Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw. in Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6: 73. 1799; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 6: 10. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 225. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 77, fig. 43,
pl. Va. 1983; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 259, pl. 8 [bottom-left]. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 71. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4:
80 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 122, figs. 58‒62.1a‒d &63, pl. 8. 2007; Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 263. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 338. 2010; Cribb &Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 444, fig. 248, pl. XXXVI.1. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofEnumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Myanmar: 139 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 74. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 82. 2021.
— Epidendrum aloifolium L., Sp. Pl.: 953. 1753.
— Epidendrum pendulum Roxb., Pl. Coromandel 1: 35. 1795.
— Cymbidium pendulum (Roxb.) Sw. in Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6: 73. 1799.
— Cymbidium simulans Rolfe in Orchid Rev. 25: 175. 1917.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 74).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Himalaya, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia,
W Malesia.
Cymbidium cochleare Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 28. 1859; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
15. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 265, pl. 8 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 71. 2003; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 177, figs. 94 &95.1a‒f. 2007; Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 272. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 364. 2010; Aung et al.
in PhytoKeys 138: 74. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 82. 2021.
— Cyperorchis cochleare (Lindl.) Benth. in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 318. 1881; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 231. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 74).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Taiwan, Vietnam.
Cymbidium cyperifolium Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 163. 1833; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 6: 13. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 267. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 71. 2003; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 255, figs. 149–151, 154.3a‒g. 2007;
Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 273. 2009; Cribb & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 449. 2014; Aung etal. in PhytoKeys 138: 74. 2020.
subsp. indochinense Du Puy & P.J.Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 176. 1988; Du Puy & Cribb, The
genus Cymbidium: 259, fig. 154.5a‒f. 2007; Cribb & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 450, fig. 251.
2014; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 82. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 74).
Distribution. Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Philippines.
Note. Aung et al. (2020) do not cite the subspecies. We assume that they refer to subsp.
indochinense which is the subspecies that occurs in Myanmar. The typical subspecies is found in
Nepal, NE India, Bhutan and S China.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. in Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6: 77. 1799; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 6: 13. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 71, fig. 38, pl. IVa. 1983; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 81 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus
Cymbidium: 263, figs. 153, 154.2a‒f & 156, pl. 33. 2007; Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 274. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: fig. 377. 2010; Cribb & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 455. 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 75. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 83. 2021.
— Epidendrum ensifolium L., Sp. Pl.: 954. 1753.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 2200 m, 24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al.
089235 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, SW China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam,
Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines.
Cymbidium erythraeum Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 30. 1859; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 262, pl. 9 [top-right]. 2002; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 190, figs.
103−105 & 106.3a−g, pl. 2. 2007; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 71. 2003 [aserythraceum]; Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 267. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 351. 2010; Aung et al.
in PhytoKeys 138: 75. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 83. 2021.
— Cymbidium hennisianum Schltr. in Orchis 12: 46. 1918.
— Cymbidium longifolium auct., non D.Don: Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 163. 1833; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 6: 13. 1890; King & Pantl. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 8: 191, pl. 254. 1898.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1750-2700 m, 5 Dec. 2002, J.
Murata et al. 025172 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1830 m, F. Kingdon-Ward
22725 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China, Vietnam.
Cymbidium faberi Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 198. 1896; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 268. 2002; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 280, figs. 160 & 178.2a−e. 2007;
Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 277. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 390. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 75. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 84. 2021.
Specimens examined: CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper
6017 (E).
Distribution. N India, Himalaya, China, Taiwan.
Cymbidium lancifolium Hook., Exot. Fl. 1: t. 51. 1823; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 9. 1890;
Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 68, fig. 37, pl. VIIId. 1983; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 269.
2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 71. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 82 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus Cymbidium:
316, figs. 180 & 183. 2007; Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 278. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 386 &
395. 2010; Cribb & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 459, fig. 257. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofEnumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Myanmar: 146 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 75. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 84. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 915 m, June 1956, Maung Gale-2 &Chit Ko Ko 5822 (RAF), ident. uncertain. Mindat District, township not specified: Aug. 2008, M.
Matsumoto 1741 (TNS); 13 July 2013, M. Matsumoto s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. N India, Himalaya, China, Taiwan, Japan, Indonesia.
Cymbidium macrorhizon Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 162. 1833; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 9.
1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 67, fig. 35, pl. VIIIc. 1983; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
271, fig. 60, pl. 9 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 71. 2003; Du Puy& Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 326, figs. 184−186, pl. 38. 2007; Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 279.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 394. 2010; Cribb & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 463, fig. 259.
2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 149 (incl. colour photos). 2014 [as microrhizon];
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 75. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 85. 2021.
— Pachyrhizanthe macrorhizon (Lindl.) Nakai in Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 45: 109. 1931.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 2010 m, 22 June 2009, N. Tanaka& T. Yukawa 081019 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1525 m, 26 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22157(BM).
Distribution. Pakistan, N India, Nepal, SW China, Taiwan, S Japan, Korea, Thailand, Laos,
Vietnam, Cambodia.
Cymbidium mannii Rchb.f. in Flora 55: 274. 1872; Liu et al. in Fl. China 25: 264. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: fig. 340. 2010; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 85. 2021.
— Cymbidium bicolor Lindl. subsp. obtusum Du Puy & P.J.Cribb, The genus Cymbidium: 70.
1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 260. 2002; Du Puy & Cribb, The genus Cymbidium:
132, figs. 62.3a‒d, 68 & 69. 2007; Cribb & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 448, fig. 250, pl.
XXXVI.3. 2014.
— Cymbidium crassifolium auct., non Herb.: Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 74. 2020.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 12 Mar. 2008, S. Yasuda 060042(MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, N India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.

DENDROBIUM Swartz, nom. cons.
Dendrobium aphyllum (Roxb.) C.E.C.Fisch. in J.S.Gamble, Fl. Madras: 1416. 1928; Seidenf. in
Opera Bot. 83: 70, fig. 40, pl. IXb. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 406, pl. 19 [bottomright]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 87 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

160 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 76. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 91. 2021.
— Limodorum aphyllum Roxb., Pl. Coromandel 1: 34. 1795.
— Dendrobium cucullatum R.Br. in Bot. Reg. 7: t. 548. 1821; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 379.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 500.1. 2010.
— Dendrobium pierardii Roxb. ex Hook., Exot. Fl. 1: t. 9. 1822; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 738.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 112. 1895.
— Dendrobium pierardii var. cucullatum (R.Br.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 739. 1890.
— Dendrobium aphyllum var. cucullatum (R.Br.) P.K.Sarkar in J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 5: 1007.
1984.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060007(MBK); 12 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060006 (MBK); 060091 (MBK); 28 June 2008, S. Yasuda
060002 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1525 m, 19 Mar. 1953, F. Kingdon-Ward 21824 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, S and SW China, Andaman Islands, Thailand,Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia.
Dendrobium bellatulum Rolfe in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 36: 10. 1903; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 103,
fig. 60, pl. XIIIb. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 88 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25:391. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 511.3. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 161 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 76. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):
92. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: Jan. 2008, S.
Watthana s.n., photographic record.
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium bensoniae Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 25: 230. 1867; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:739. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 69. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 86, fig. 49. 1985; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 162 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 76. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):
92. 2021.
— Callista bensoniae (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
— Dendrobium bensoniae var. aurantiacum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 2: 6. 1874.
— Dendrobium bensoniae var. xanthinum Rchb.f. in B.S.Williams, Orch.-Grow. Man., ed. 7: 327.
1894.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1220-1525 m, 2
May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22193 (BM); 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Dendrobium bicameratum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 25 (Misc.): 59. 1839; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 729. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 70. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 97, fig. 58a, pl.
XIId. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 415. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.
45: 72. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 76. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 93.
2021.
— Callista bicamerata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 76).
Distribution. India, Himalaya, Thailand.
Dendrobium cariniferum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1869: 611. 1869; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:
720. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 75. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 120, figs. 75 & 76, pl.
XVIa. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 90 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 392. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: figs. 511.1. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 165 & 166 (incl. colour
photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 76. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 94.
2021.
— Callista carinifera (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1830-2745 m, Apr. 1956, Maung
Gale-2 5555 (RAF).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand, SW China, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium chrysanthum Wall. ex Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 15: t. 1299. 1829; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 5: 747. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 75. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 53, fig. 17e& 27, pl. VIa. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 407, pl. 20 [bottom-left]. 2002; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 91 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 377. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
499.2. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 169 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al.,Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 68 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 77. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 95. 2021.
— Dendrobium paxtonii Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 25 (Misc.): 43. 1839.
— Dendrobium chrysanthum var. microphthalama Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 11: 366. 1879.
— Dendrobium chrysanthum var. anophthalama Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 19: 44. 1883.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 12 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060022(MBK); 060023 (MBK).
Distribution. NE India, Nepal, Bhutan, S and SW China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium chryseum Rolfe in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 3: 233. 1888; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 748.

37

38

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 43, fig. 22. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 408. 2002;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 91 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 386. 2009; Nyan Tun,
Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 170 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 77. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 95. 2021.
— Dendrobium clavatum Wall. ex Lindl. in Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 2: 104, 1851, nom. illeg.
— Dendrobium aurantiacum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 2: 98. 1887, nom. illeg.
— Dendrobium denneanum Kerr in J. Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl. 9: 229. 1933.
— Dendrobium clavatum var. aurantiacum (Kuntze) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1:
40, 80. 1951.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper
6084 (E, SING), ident. uncertain; 1525 m, 8 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22205 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 33: sub t. 19. 1847; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 750. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 76. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 19, fig. 6, pl.
IIa. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 92 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 375. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: fig. 496.2. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 172 (incl. colour photo).
2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 77. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 95. 2021.
— Dendrobium suavissimum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 1: 406. 1874.
— Dendrobium chrysotoxum var. suavissimum (Rchb.f.) A.H.Kent in H.J.Veitch, Man. Orch. Pl. 3:
30. 1888.
— ? Dendrobium calothyrsos Schltr. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 120. 1922.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1750 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al.
029695 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1220 m, 15 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21807 (BM). Mindat
District, township not specified: 3050 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8607 (AMES).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam,
Cambodia.
Dendrobium crepidatum Lindl. & Paxton in Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 1: 63. 1853; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 740. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 78. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 80, fig. 46 [withincorrect caption as D. caespitosum], pl. Xd. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 408. 2002;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 93 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 380. 2009; Fl. China
Illustr. 25: fig. 501.1. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 174−176 (incl. colour photos).
2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 69 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 77. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 96. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1220 m, 13 Apr.
1926, R. Unwin 3003 (E); 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka s.n. (TNS). MAGWAY REGION. Saw

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Township: 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051108 (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium crystallinum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1868: 572. 1868; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:739. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 81. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 80, fig. 45, pl. Xc. 1985;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 72. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 95 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 380. 2009; Nyan Tun,
Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 180 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 77. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 97. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 17 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051125(MBK); 20 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051150 (MBK); 12 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060024 (MBK);
060030 (MBK); ca. 790 m, 27 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029726 (MBK); 029726A (MBK); ca.
1600 m, 19 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051128 (MBK); ca. 1680-1315 m, 22 May 2004, N. Tanaka
et al. 031080 (MBK); 2080-2660 m, 30 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089563 (MBK). Mindat
District, township not specified: 17 May 2007, N. Tanaka s.n. (TNS); 19 Feb. 2009, N. Tanaka
0700 & s.n. (TNS); Homan 14 (TNS), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. NE India, Bangladesh, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Dendrobium dantaniense Guillaumin in Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 28: 547. 1956; Kang
et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 70 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 77.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 98. 2021.
— Dendrobium alterum Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 100, figs. 58b & 59, pl. XIIIa. 1985;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 86 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 158 (incl. colour photos). 2014.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 26 July 2015, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record; fide Kang et al. (2017: 70).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand, Vietnam.
Dendrobium delacourii Guillaumin in Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 30: 522. 1924; Seidenf. in
Opera Bot. 83: 128, fig. 80, pl. XVIc. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 73. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 97 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 183 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 77.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 99. 2021.
Specimens examined. MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: ca. 485 m, 25 June 2009, N. Tanaka& T. Yukawa 081165 (MBK).
Distribution. NE India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Dendrobium denudans D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 34. 1825; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 148, fig.
100, pl. XVIIc. 1985; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 715. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:

39

40

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2419, pl. 21. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 73. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 78. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 99. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1 Sep. 2009, M. Matsumoto 20090701(MBK).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Thailand.
Dendrobium dickasonii L.O.Williams in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 8: 107. 1940; Kang et al., Seed Pl.
Natma Taung: 71 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 73. 2003;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 78. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 100. 2021.
— Dendrobium arachnites Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 2: 354. 1874, nom. illeg.; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 5: 734. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 67. 1895.
— Dendrobium inversum A.D.Hawkes in Orquídea (Rio de Janeiro) 25: 103. 1963.
— Dendrobium seidenfadenii Senghas & Bockemühl in Orchidee (Hamburg) 29 (5) cppo: 2.
1978, nom. superfl.; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 41, fig. 19, pl. IVb. 1985; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 123 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 031005 (MBK); 1750 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029696 (MBK); 2135 m, May
1956, Maung Gale-2 5486 (RAF). Mindat Township: ca. 1800 m, 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al.
051121 (MBK); 915-1220 m, 10 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22222 (BM), det. Alsterlund; 2135
m, 20 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22244 (BM).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand.
Dendrobium draconis Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 20: 214. 1862; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:722. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 86. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 110, fig. 66, pl. XIVd.
1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 73. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 99 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
188 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 78. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 100. 2021.
— Callista draconis (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
— Dendrobium eburneum Rchb.f. ex Bateman in Bot. Mag. 90: t. 5459. 1864.
— Dendrobium andersonii J.Scott in J. Agri-Hort. Soc. W. India, n.s., 3: 117. 1872; Grant, Orchidsof Burma: 66. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: Dec. 2002, N.
Tanaka s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Dendrobium eriiflorum Griff., Icon. Pl. Asiat. 3: t. 316. 1851; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 715. 1890
[as eriaeflorum]; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 149, fig. 101. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 419, pl. 19 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 73. 2003;

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 100 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 189 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 78.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 101. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 060005(MBK).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Thailand.
Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook., Exot. Fl. 1: t. 71. 1823; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 745. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 89. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 36, figs. 16 & 17a, pl. IIId. 1985;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 410, pl. 22 [top-right]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 73. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 101 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 386. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 508.3. 2010; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 193−195 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 78. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 102. 2021.
— Dendrobium paxtonii Paxton in Paxton’s Mag. Bot. 6: 169. 1839, nom. illeg.
— Dendrobium fimbriatum var. occulatum Hook. in Bot. Mag. 71: t. 4160. 1845; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 745. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 23 Mar. 2008, S. Yasuda 060021(MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060043 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1220 m, 11 Mar. 1956, F.
Kingdon-Ward 21777 (BM).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, Bangladesh, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam,
Peninsular Malaysia.
Dendrobium gratiosissimum Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 23: 99. 1865; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 743. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 95. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 58, fig. 31, pl.
VIIa. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 73. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 105 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 378. 2009;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 201 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 104. 2021.
— Dendrobium bullerianum Bateman in Bot. Mag. 93: t. 5652. 1867.
— Dendrobium boxallii Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 1: 315. 1874.
— Callista gratiosissima (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
— Callista boxallii (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
— Dendrobium boxallii var. albanense Sander, Sander’s Orch. Guide: 67. 1901.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1830 m, 21 July
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22515 (BM); May 2007, N. Tanaka s.n. (TNS), det. N. Tanaka; 2007,
without collector s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

41

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Dendrobium harveyanum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 19: 624. 1883; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:
747. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 96. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 35, fig. 14, pl. IIIb.
1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 73. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 106 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 374. 2009;
Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 496.1. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 203 (incl. colour
photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 104.
2021.
— Callista harveyana (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 79).
Distribution. Thailand, SW China, Vietnam.
Dendrobium heterocarpum Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 78. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 737. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 97. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 50, fig. 26, pl.
Vd. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 411. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.
45: 73. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 108 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 376. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 498. 2010; Nyan Tun,
Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 205 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 72(incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 105. 2021.
— Dendrobium aureum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 77. 1830.
— Dendrobium heterocarpum var. henshallii Hook. in Bot. Mag. 83: t. 4970. 1857.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 10 Jan. 2008, S. Yasuda 060035(MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060026 (MBK); 060036 (MBK); 1900 m, 25 Feb. 2013, S.
Sangvirotjanaphat et al. 091028 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam,
Malaysia, Indonesia.
Dendrobium hookerianum Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 8. 1859; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
5: 745. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 412. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 73. 2003; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 383. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 508.2. 2010;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 206 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 105. 2021.
— Callista hookeriana (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: fide Aung et al. (2020: 79).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China.
Dendrobium incurvum Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 18. 1858; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

718. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 99. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 143, figs. 96−97. 1985;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 79. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 106. 2021.
— Aclinia sp. Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 321. 1851.
— Dendrobium aclinia Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 9. 1858, nom. illeg.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 13 Dec. 2007, S. Yasuda 060025(MBK); 20 Jan. 2008, S. Yasuda 060001 (MBK); 10 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060003 (MBK); 9 Aug.
2008, S. Yasuda 060010 (MBK); 060041A (MBK); 18 Sep. 2008, S. Yasuda 060019 (MBK).
Distribution. Andaman Islands, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia.
Dendrobium infundibulum Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 16. 1858; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
5: 721. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 99. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 117, fig. 72, pl. XVc.
1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 109 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
207 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 73 (incl. colour photos). 2017;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 107. 2021.
— Dendrobium moulmeinense Low ex Baker in Bot. Mag. 90: t. 5446. 1864, nom. inval.
— Dendrobium jamesianum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1869: 554. 1869.
— Dendrobium infundibulum var. jamesianum (Rchb.f.) Veitch, Man. Orch. Pl. 3: 50. 1888; Hook.f.,
Fl. Brit. India 5: 721. 1890.
— Dendrobium cariniferum var. wattii Hook.f. in Bot. Mag. 109: t. 6715. 1883.
— Dendrobium wattii (Hook.f.) Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 4: 725. 1888; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 721. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 113, figs. 70−71. 1985; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25:
392. 2009.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 031016 (MBK); 1740 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029698 (MBK); 2040 m, 19
May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089045 (MBK); 2220 m, 28 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029756(MBK); ca. 2743 m, 19 Nov. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087844 (MBK); 1065 m, 13 Apr. 1926, R.
Unwin 3002 (E); 1585 m, 19 Apr. 1926, R. Unwin 3077 (E, RAF); 2440-2745 m, May 1956,
Maung Gale-2 5556 (RAF). Mindat Township: 2200 m, 24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089209(MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2440-2745 m, 10 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
21999 (BM).
Distribution. NE India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium koyamae Nob.Tanaka et al. in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 60: 173. 2010; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 108. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060037(MBK). Mindat Township: 1500-2000 m, 18 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 20040042 (holotype:
MBK).

43

44

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. Endemic to Natma Taung.
Dendrobium laterale L.O.Williams in Amer. Orch. Soc. Bull. 9: 272, t. 10, f. 1‒5. 1941; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 108. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1500 m, 20 Jan. 2008, S. Yasuda
060031 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2200 m, 24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089254 (MBK);
2526 m, 27 Feb. 2014, P. Srisanga et al. 097363 (MBK).
Distribution. Endemic to the Chin Hills.
Dendrobium lituiflorum Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1856: 372. 1856 [May]; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:740. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 102. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 81, fig. 47, pl. XIa.
1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 113 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 380. 2009;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 213 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 79. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 109. 2021.
— Callista lituiflora (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
— Dendrobium hanburyanum Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 4: 329. 1856 [Oct].
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 19 Feb. 2009, N.
Tanaka 0693 (TNS).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium longicornu Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 16: t. 1315. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
5: 720. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 417, pl. 22 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 392. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild
Orchids of Myanmar: 214 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 74 (incl.
colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 80. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):109. 2021.
— Dendrobium flexuosum Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 317. 1851.
— Dendrobium hirsutum Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 318. 1851.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 29 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 060015(MBK); 10 Dec. 2008, M. Matsumoto & Hong Mang 053822 (MBK); 2400 m, 5 Dec. 2012, K.
Fujikawa et al. 090921 (MBK); ca. 2450-2750 m, 3 June 2002, N. Tanaka et al. 023499 (MBK);
ca. 2700-3050 m, 3 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 024624 (MBK); ca. 2743 m, 19 Nov. 2011, Ling
Shein Man 087846 (MBK); 2750-2500 m, 3 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025495 (MBK, TI).
Mindat District, township not specified: 2745 m, 10 Aug. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22562 (BM);1830-2135 m, 24 Oct. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22742 (BM); 20 Aug. 2007, N. Tanaka s.n. (TNS),
ident. uncertain; without collector s.n. (SING).
Distribution. NE India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, S and SW China, Vietnam.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Dendrobium moniliforme (L.) Sw. in Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 6: 85. 1799; Zhu et al.
in Fl. China 25: 381. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 502.1−3, 504 & 506.7−8. 2010; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 80. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 110. 2021.
— Epidendrum moniliforme L., Sp. Pl.: 954. 1753.
— Dendrobium candidum Wall. ex Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24 (Misc.): 36. 1838; Hook.f.,
Fl. Brit. India 5: 735. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 407, pl. 20 [top-left]. 2002.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 20 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051151(MBK); 2400-2750 m, 15 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030588 (MBK); 2440 m, 25 Apr. 2003, J.
Murata et al. 029676 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 17 Apr. 1956, F.
Kingdon-Ward 22139 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Vietnam.
Dendrobium nobile Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 79. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 740. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 106. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 83, fig. 48, pl. XIb. 1985; Pearce& Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 413, pl. 23 [top-left]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45:
74. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 115 (incl. colour photo).
2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 381. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 503.1. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild
Orchids of Myanmar: 218 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 80. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 111. 2021.
— Callista nobilis (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1220-1525 m, Mar.
1956, Maung Gale-2 5511 (RAF).
Distribution. India, Himalaya, Thailand, China, Taiwan, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium ochreatum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 21: sub t. 1756. 1836; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 747. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 55, figs. 17f & 28, pl. VIb. 1985; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4:115 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 219 (incl. colour photo).
2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 80. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 112. 2021.
— Dendrobium cambridgeanum Paxton in Paxton’s Mag. Bot. 6: 265. 1839.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1750 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al.
029697 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1675 m, 24 Apr. 1926, R. Unwin 3075
(E); 3290 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8608 (AMES); 2285 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8609
(AMES).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Laos.
Dendrobium parcum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1866: 1042. 1866; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 720.

45

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 109. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 158, fig. 107, pl. XVIIIc.
1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 117 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
221 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 80. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 113. 2021.
— Dendrobium hexadesmia Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1869: 710. 1869.
— Callista parca (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
— Dendrobium listeroglossum Kraenzl. in H.G.Reichenbach, Xenia Orchid. 3: 108. 1892.
— Dendrobium tapingense W.W.Sm. in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 13: 202. 1921.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 18 Aug. 2009,
Kyaw Khaing 050801 (TNS), ident. uncertain [material poor].
Distribution. NE India, Thailand, Vietnam.
Dendrobium parishii Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21: 237. 1863; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:740. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 109. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 62, fig. 34, pl. VIId.
1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 74. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 118 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 378. 2009;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 222 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 81. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 113. 2021.
— Dendrobium rhodopterygium Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 3: 684. 1875; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 119. 1895.
— Dendrobium parishii var. dives Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 26: 205. 1886.
— Dendrobium polyphlebium Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 1: 702. 1887.
— Dendrobium polyphlebium var. emericii Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 2: 242. 1887.
— Callista rhodopterygia (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
— Callista parishii (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 81).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Dendrobium pendulum Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 484. 1832; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 741.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 110. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 60, fig. 32, pl. VIIb. 1985;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 75. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 119 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 378. 2009; Fl. China
Illustr. 25: fig. 501.3. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 224−226 (incl. colour photos).
2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 81. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 114. 2021.
— Dendrobium crassinode Benson & Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1869: 164. 1869.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060033(MBK).

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Distribution. NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium plicatile Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 26 (Misc.): 10. 1840; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 81. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 114. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 81).
Distribution. India, Himalaya, SW and S China, Andaman and Nicobar islands, Thailand, Laos,
Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines.
Dendrobium porphyrochilum Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 18. 1859; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 716. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 138, fig. 89. 1985; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 420. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 75. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 120 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25:393. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 503.2−3. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 228(incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 81. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 115. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060092(MBK); 060093 (MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060074 (MBK); 1450-1262 m, 1 June 2012, K.
Fujikawa et al. 089664 (MBK). Matupi Township: 1760 m, 11 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al.
092412 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 5 Sep. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22670 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, S and SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Dendrobium primulinum Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1858: 400. 1858; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 735.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 113. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 69, fig. 39, pl. IXa. 1985;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 75. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 120 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 229 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 116. 2021.
— Callista primulina (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
— Dendrobium primulinum var. giganteum Sander, Sander’s Orch. Guide: 74. 1901.
— Dendrobium theionochilum Schltr. in Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 8: 121. 1922.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060027,
060028 & 060029 (MBK).
Distribution. N India, Himalaya, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Note. Considered a synonym of D. polyanthum Wall. ex Lindl. by Wood (2006: 679), but probably
distinct.
Dendrobium pulchellum Roxb. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 82. 1830; Grant, Orchids of

47

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Burma: 114. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 65, fig. 37, pl. VIIIc. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 75. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 121 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 230 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung etal. in PhytoKeys 138: 81. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 116. 2021.
— Dendrobium dalhousieanum Wall. in Paxton’s Mag. Bot. 11: 145. 1844; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
5: 743. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060064(MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 15 May 2009, Kyaw Khaing 0083 (TNS).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, ? Peninsular Malaysia.
Dendrobium strongylanthum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 9: 462. 1878; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
5: 716. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 142, fig. 95. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.
45: 75. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 125 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 393. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 503.4−5. 2010; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 239 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 81.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 119. 2021.
— Callista strongylantha (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 060004(MBK); 2135 m, 9 Nov. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22843 (BM).
Distribution. S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 24: t. 65. 1838; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:749. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 123. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 19, fig. 5, pl. Id. 1985;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 405. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 75.
2003; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 375. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 242 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 82. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):119. 2021.
— Callista sulcata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 82).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium thyrsiflorum B.S.Williams, Orch.-Grow. Man., ed. 4: 172. 1871; Seidenf. in Opera
Bot. 83: 25, fig. 9, pl. IIc. 1985; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 75. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 128 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu
et al. in Fl. China 25: 376. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 244−246 (incl. colour
photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 82. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 120.
2021.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Dendrobium densiflorum Lindl. var. alboluteum Hook.f. in Bot. Mag. 95: t. 5780. 1869; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 84. 1895 [as albo-lutea].
— Dendrobium densiflorum Lindl. var. walkerianum Warner, Select Orch. 3: t. 21. 1878 [not seen];
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 84. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060020(MBK).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Dendrobium transparens Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 79. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
5: 738. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 124. 1895; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 414, pl. 23[bottom-left]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 76. 2003; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchidsof Myanmar: 248 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 82. 2020; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 120. 2021.
— Callista transparens (Wall. ex Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 82).
Distribution. N India, Himalaya.
Dendrobium wardianum R.Warner, Select Orchid. Pl.: t. 19. 1863; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 742.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 126. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 83: 56, fig. 30, pl. VId. 1985;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 76. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 131 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Zhu et al. in Fl. China 25: 377. 2009; Nyan Tun,
Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 250 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 82.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 122. 2021.
— Dendrobium wardianum var. candidum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 5: 460. 1876.
— Callista wardiana (R.Warner) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 655. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1220 m and below, 11 Mar. 1956, F.
Kingdon-Ward 21778 (BM), det. Alsterlund.
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

DICKASONIA L.O.Williams
Dickasonia vernicosa L.O.Williams in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 9: 38. 1941; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 338, fig. 80. 2002; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 82. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 124. 2021.
— Kalimpongia narajitii Pradhan in Orchid Digest 41: 172. 1977; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.

49

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Herb. 45: 82. 2003.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 23 Mar. 2008, S. Yasuda 060012(MBK). Mindat Township: ca. 2400-2600 m, 18 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030725 (MBK).
Mindat District, township not specified: 1525 m, 13 Apr. 1926, R. Unwin 3009 (E); 1905 m, 14
Apr. 1926, R. Unwin 3018 (E); 2135 m, 16 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22129 (BM).
Distribution. NE India, Bhutan.

DIPLOPRORA J.D.Hooker
Diploprora truncata Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 385. 1925; Seidenf. in
Opera Bot. 95: 40, fig. 21, pl. IIIc. 1988; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 134 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 257 (incl. colour
photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 83. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 125.
2021.
— Stauropsis truncata (Rolfe ex Downie) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 94. 1951.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Matupi Township: 1707 m, 9 Mar. 2014, P. Srisanga et al.
097741 (MBK).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand.

EPIPOGIUM Borkhausen
Epipogium roseum (D.Don) Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1: 177. 1857; Seidenf. in Dansk
Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 171, fig. 106. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 34, fig. 6. 2002; Chen etal. in Fl. China 25: 208. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 277.1−2. 2010; Tanaka et al. in Acta
Phytotax. Geobot. 61 (3): 164. 2011; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 498, pl. XLII.3−4. 2014;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 83. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 127. 2021.
— Limodorum roseum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 30. 1825.
— Epipogium nutans (Blume) Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 5: 36. 1857; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 124.
1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 6 Dec. 2008, M. Matsumoto 053821(MBK); 1268 m, 27 May 2007, N. Kuroiwa et al. 051335 (MBK). Mindat District, township not
specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper 5951A (E, SING).
Distribution. Widespread throughout the Paleotropics.

ERIA LindleyEnumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Eria coronaria (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 271. 1861; Seidenf. in Opera Bot.
62: 40, fig. 18, pl. IIIa. 1982; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 372. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 77. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 345. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
472.1−2. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 267 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 83. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 127. 2021.
— Coelogyne coronaria Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 27 (Misc.): 83. 1841.
— Trichosma suavis Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28: t. 21. 1842; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 827.
1890.
— Eria suavis (Lindl.) Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 52. 1858.
— Trichosma coronaria (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 681. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 2743 m, 19 Nov. 2011, Ling Shein
Man 087845 (MBK).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, S and SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

ERIODES Rolfe
Eriodes barbata (Lindl.) Rolfe in Orchid Rev. 23: 326. 1915; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 65, fig.
32, pl. Va. 1986; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 298, fig. 67. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 148 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 285. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 409 &441.9. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 499, fig. 274, pl. XLIII.1. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild
Orchids of Myanmar: 276 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 75 (incl.
colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 83. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):128. 2021.
— Tainia barbata Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1857: 68. 1857.
— Eria barbata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 270. 1861; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
5: 803. 1890.
— Pinalia barbata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891.
— Tainiopsis barbata (Lindl.) Schltr. in Orchis 9: 12. 1915.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 15 Jan. 2016, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record; fide Kang et al. (2017: 76).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

EULOPHIA R.Brown, nom. cons.
Eulophia cf. andamanensis Rchb.f. in Flora 55: 276. 1872; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 8. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 216. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 29, fig. 13, pl. Ic. 1983; Kress et al.
in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 149 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 502, fig. 275. 2014; Nyan

51

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 279 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
84. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 129. 2021.
— Cyrtopera andamanensis (Rchb.f.) Rolfe in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 18: 581. 1895.
— Eulophia keithii Ridl. in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32: 333. 1896.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: June 2009, N.
Tanaka s.n. (TNS), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, W Malesia.
Eulophia flava (Lindl.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 7. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 33, fig. 16,
pl. IIa. 1983; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 256.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 334. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 510, fig. 280. 2014;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 280 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 84. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 130. 2021.
— Cyrtopera flava Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 189. 1833.
— Lissochilus flavus (Lindl.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 260. 1919.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060056(MBK). MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: ca. 485 m, 25 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa
081161 (MBK).
Distribution. India, Nepal, S China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Eulophia graminea Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 182. 1833; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 2. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 215. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 29, fig. 14, pl. Id. 1983; Pearce &Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 249, fig. 58. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 150 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chenet al. in Fl. China 25: 255. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 331.4−5 & 332. 2010; Pedersen in Fl.
Thailand 12 (2): 511, fig. 281, pl. XLIII.3. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 281 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 84. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):130. 2021.
— Graphorkis graminea (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 662. 1891.
— Eulophia venusta Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 72. 1919.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 19 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051135(MBK).
Distribution. Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW and S China, Taiwan, SJapan, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia,
islands of the NW Pacific Ocean; naturalised in Florida (USA).
Eulophia macrobulbon (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 7. 1890; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 217. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 38, fig. 21, pl. IIb. 1983; Kress et al. inEnumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed.
4: 150 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 515, fig. 283. 2014; Nyan Tun,
Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 283 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 84.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 130. 2021.
— Cyrtopera macrobulbon C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 144. 1874.
— Graphorkis macrobulbon (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 662. 1891.
— Eulophia burmanica Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 5. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 214. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper
6077 (E); 1065 m, 1 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22186 (BM). MAGWAY REGION. Saw
Township: 555 m, 16 Mar. 2006, K. Fujikawa & A. Nomachi 035707 (MBK, TI).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Eulophia nuda Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 180. 1833; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 5. 1890; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 218. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 40, fig. 26. 1983; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 84. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 131. 2021.
— Wolfia spectabilis Dennst., Schlüssel Hortus Malab.: 38. 1818, nom. inval.
— Eulophia squalida Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 27 (Misc.): 77. 1841; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 219. 1895.
— Cyrtopera squalida (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 5: 38. 1857.
— Cyrtopera nuda (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Flora 55: 274. 1872.
— Eulophia holochila Collett & Hemsl. in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 132. 1890; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 6: 196. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 217. 1895.
— Eulophia hildebrandii Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 262. 1919.
— Eulophia burkei Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 380. 1925.
— Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) Suresh in Nicolson et al., Interpret. Van Rheede’s Hort. Malab.:300. 1988, nom. superfl.; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 253. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 151(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 258. 2009; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2):521, fig. 287, pl. XLIII.4. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 284−286 (incl. colour
photos). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 77 (incl. colour photos). 2017.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 19 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060063(MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060059 (MBK); 060060 (MBK); 27 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al.
089371 (MBK); ca. 750-800 m, 9 June 2002, N. Tanaka et al. 022979 (MBK, TI); 850-1450 m, 2
June 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089692 (MBK); 1500 m, 20 May 2009, S. Yasuda 053813 (MBK);
ca. 1600 m, 20 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030933 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1220 m, 11 May
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22207 (BM): 1280 m, 16 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22228 (BM).
MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051102 (MBK); 23 June
2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081034 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Andaman Islands, Thailand,Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, islands of the W
Pacific Ocean.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Eulophia pauciflora Guillaumin in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 77: 338. 1930; Seidenf. in Opera Bot.
72: 40, fig. 23. 1983; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 151 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 517, fig. 284. 2014; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 131. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 14 Aug. 2002, Ling Shein Man & Cho
Cho Win 024356 (MBK); 840 m, 2 Sep. 2011, H. Funakoshi et al. 085046 (MBK); ca. 850-1100 m,
11 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 095442 (MBK); 1085 m, 30 Sep. 2008, S. Yasuda 053619 (MBK).
Distribution. Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Eulophia siamensis Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 380. 1925; Seidenf. in
Opera Bot. 72: 40, fig. 24. 1983; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 258. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
326.3‒4. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 520, fig. 286. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
84. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 132. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 84).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand.
Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm., Orch. Java: 228. 1905; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
254. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 152 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 254. 2009;
Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 333. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 524, pl. XLIV.1. 2014; Aung etal. in PhytoKeys 138: 84. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 132. 2021.
— Cyrtopera zollingeri Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 5: 38. 1857.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 12 June 2008, S. Yasuda 053820(MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda & Hong Mang 060104 (MBK); ca. 1240 m, 25 June 2009, N.
Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081173 (MBK); ca. 1500 m, 24 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 031179 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, E Himalaya, SW China, Taiwan, Japan, Andaman Islands,
Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea; N Australia.

GASTROCHILUS D.Don
Gastrochilus corymbosus A.P.Das & Chanda in J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 12: 401. 1988 (publ. 1989);
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 525. 2002; Liu et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 116, fig. 2. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 134. 2021.
Specimens examined (both fide Liu et al. 2020: 116). CHIN STATE. Mindat District, townshipnot specified: 2750 m, 9 Jan. 2017, Liu 414 (HITBC); 2900 m, 30 Apr. 2017, Tan M1271 (HITBC).

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Distribution. E Himalaya.
Gastrochilus distichus (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 661. 1891; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 525. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 79. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25:496. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 291 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al.,Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 78 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 84. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 134. 2021.
— Saccolabium distichum Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 36. 1859; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
64. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060040(MBK); 21 May 2012, Ling Shein Man 060094 (MBK); ca. 2750-3000 m, 5 June 2002, N. Tanaka
et al. 023367 (MBK); 023384 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2745 m, 17 Apr.
1926, R. Unwin 3068 (E); 2680 m, 3 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21930 (BM), det. Alsterlund.
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China.
Gastrochilus pseudodistichus (King & Pantl.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 315.
1913; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 286, fig. 185, pl. XXXIIIa. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 526. 2002; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 157 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 495. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 85. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 136. 2021.
— Saccolabium pseudodistichum King & Pantl. in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 64 (2):341. 1895.
— Saccolabium distichum var. pseudodistichum (King & Pantl.) Finet in H.Lecomte, Fl. IndoChine 6: 506. 1933.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 2500 m, 23 May 2004, N. Tanaka
et al. 031129 (MBK); 2781-3050 m, 21 Feb. 2014, P. Srisanga et al. 097056 (MBK); 2440-2745 m,
Apr. 1956, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5559 (RAF). Mindat Township: 2554 m, 18 Feb. 2012, K.
Fujikawa et al. 086818 (MBK); 2580 m, 18 Feb. 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 086126 (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

GEODORUM Andrews
Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 259. 1919;
Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 61, fig. 33. 1983; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 255, fig. 59. 2002;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 79. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 259. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: figs. 330.4−5 & 337. 2010; Watthana & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 533, fig.
291. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 85. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 137. 2021.
— Limodorum densiflorum Lam., Encycl. 3: 516. 1792.
— Geodorum purpureum R.Br. in W.T.Aiton, Hortus Kew. 5: 207. 1813; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

16. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 223. 1895.
— Geodorum pallidum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 31. 1825.
— Geodorum appendiculatum Griff. in Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 5: 357. 1845.
— Geodorum rariflorum Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 6: 2. 1854.
— Geodorum candidum (Roxb.) Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 6: 8. 1855; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 17. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 222. 1895.
Specimens examined. MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: 23 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T.
Yukawa 081024 (MBK).
Distribution. Very widespread in tropical and subtropical Asia ranging to the islands of the
Pacific Ocean.
Geodorum recurvum (Roxb.) Alston in H.Trimen, Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6 (Suppl.): 276. 1931;
Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 72: 61, fig. 34. 1983; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 257. 2002; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 79. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 159 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 259. 2009; Watthana &Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 535, fig. 292, pl. XLV.1. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofMyanmar: 296 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 85. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 137. 2021.
— Limodorum recurvum Roxb., Pl. Coromandel 1: t. 39. 1795.
— Geodorum dilatatum R.Br. in W.T.Aiton, Hortus Kew. 5: 207. 1813; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
17. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 223. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 10 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060058(MBK).
Distribution. India, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Geodorum siamense Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 383. 1925; Seidenf. in
Opera Bot. 72: 55, fig. 29. 1983; Ormerod & Sathish Kumar in Rheedea 13: 47. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 159 (incl. colour photo). 2005;
Watthana & Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 537, fig. 293, pl. XLV.2−3. 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 85. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 138. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 20 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051154(MBK); 051155 (MBK). MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: 319 m, 23 May 2007, K. Fujikawa
et al. 051172 (MBK).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia.

GOODYERA R.Brown
Goodyera schlechtendaliana Rchb.f. in Linnaea 22: 861. 1850; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32(2): 26, fig. 11. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 94, pl. 5 [top-left]. 2002; Kress et al. inEnumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 80. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 47. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25:
figs. 59 & 67.4−6. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 75, fig. 39, pl. III.4. 2011; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 86. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 139. 2021.
— Georchis schlechtendaliana (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 5: 36. 1857.
— Goodyera secundiflora Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1: 182. 1857; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
6: 113. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 2133 m, 9 Jan. 2012, Ling Shein
Man 088142 (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Thailand,
Vietnam, W Indonesia.

HABENARIA Willdenow
Habenaria amplexicaulis Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 417. 1925; Seidenf.
in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 74, fig. 41. 1977; Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. (Special Issue): 22.
2009; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 84, fig. 43, pl. IV.3. 2011; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 141. 2021.
Specimens examined. MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: ca. 304 m, 20 Nov. 2011, Ling Shein
Man 087869 (MBK).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Note. The species belongs to the mainly Indian H. digitata Lindl. complex. The entire complex
requires a careful study in order to evaluate the status of its taxa (Seidenfaden 1977: 74).
Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 125. 1919; Seidenf. in
Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 98, fig. 60. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 148. 2002; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 80. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 163 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 157. 2009; Kurzweil in Thai
Forest Bull., Bot. (Special Issue): 39, fig. 7. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 202.2 & 207. 2010;
Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 98, fig. 52, pl. VI.1. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
301 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 80 (incl. colour photos). 2017;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 86. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 142. 2021.
— Orchis dentata Sw. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21: 207. 1800.
— Habenaria geniculata D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 25. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 138. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 336. 1895.
— Platanthera geniculata (D.Don) Lindl. ex Wall., Numer. List: no. 7042. 1832.
— Platanthera dentata (Sw.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 296. 1835.
— Habenaria pelorioides C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 139, pl. XXVII
A1−3. 1874; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 166. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 340. 1895.
— Habenaria malintana (Blanco) Merr., Sp. Blancoan.: 112. 1918; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31

57

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2(3): 126, fig. 79. 1977; Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. (Special Issue): 43, fig. 8. 2009;
Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 121, fig. 67, pl. VIII.4. 2011; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 80. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 166 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 157. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 214.5. 2010; Aunget al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020.
— Habenaria parageniculata Tang & F.T.Wang in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 7: 137. 1936; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 80. 2003.
— Habenaria dentata var. parageniculata (Tang & F.T.Wang) Aver. in Turczaninowia 9 (3): 67.
2006.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 22 Oct. 2011, Law Shine 088249(MBK); ca. 700-800 m, 4 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 024629 (MBK); 750-1200 m, 5 Dec. 2002, J.
Murata et al. 025577 (MBK); ca. 1000 m, 25 Oct. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087681 (MBK); 087681A(MBK); 087681B (MBK); 1138 m, 9 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 053818 (MBK); 1150-1200 m, 6 Dec.
2002, J. Murata et al. 025620 (MBK); 1200 m, 21 Oct. 2008, Om Ling Htang 053642 (MBK);
1250 m, 13 Jan. 2013, Ling Shein Man 096179 (MBK); 1500 m, 12 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 053638(MBK); 053638A (MBK); ca. 1500 m, 4 Sep. 2012, Ling Shein Man 091676 (MBK); ca. 1676 m, 4Nov. 2002, Ling Shein Man & Cho Cho Win 024433 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1295 m, 27 Sep.
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22707 (BM); 1370 m, 15 Sep. 1956, Maung Gale-2 5785 (RAF).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia,
Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines.
Note. We consider H. malintana a peloric form of this species.
Habenaria furcifera Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 319. 1835; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 149. 1890;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 118, fig. 72. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 149.
2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 80. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 164 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 160.
2009; Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. (Special Issue): 63, fig. 16. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25:
fig. 214.1−4. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 101, fig. 55, pl. VI.2. 2011; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 86. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 144. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2 Aug. 2007, Ling Shein Man 055224(MBK); 10 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060090 (MBK); 445-850 m, 29 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al.
094691 (MBK); 1830 m, 12 Sep. 1956, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5757 p.p. (RAF); 1065 m,
Aug. 1956, Maung Gale-2 5861 (RAF). Mindat District, township not specified: 1220 m, 12 July
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22474 (BM); 1220 m, 22 Aug. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22580 (BM).
MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: 498 m, 6 Dec. 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 090112 (MBK).
Distribution. Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos.
Habenaria gibsonii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 135. 1890.
var. foetida Blatt. & McCann in J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 36: 16. 1932; Kumar et al. in Taiwania
63: 75. 2018; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 144. 2021.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Habenaria thailandica Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 78. 1977.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1370 m, 10 June
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22340 (BM).
Distribution. India, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Habenaria intermedia D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 24. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 138. 1890;
Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 154. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 86. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 144. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060067(MBK); 2030-2295 m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081279 (MBK); ca. 2500 m, 24 June
2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081134 (MBK); 28 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081398(MBK); 1830-1980 m, 21 June 1956, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5595 (RAF). Mindat
Township: 2500 m, 5 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092340 (MBK).
Distribution. Pakistan, N India, Nepal, SW China.
Habenaria lucida Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 319. 1835; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 133.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 338. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 102, fig. 62. 1977;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 80. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 165 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 158. 2009;
Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. (Special Issue): 49. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 210.6‒9.
2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 119, fig. 66, pl. VIII.3. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofMyanmar: 304 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 145. 2021.
— Habenaria recurva Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 420. 1925.
— Platantheroides lucida (Wall. ex Lindl.) Szlach. in Richardiana 4: 107. 2004.
— Habenella lucida (Wall. ex Lindl.) Szlach. & Kras-Lap. in Richardiana 6: 37. 2006.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 7 Aug. 2016, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record.
Distribution. SW and S China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Habenaria pantlingiana Kraenzl., Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 892. 1901; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 151. 2002; Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 152. 2009; Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull., Bot.
(Special Issue): 16. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 198.1‒2 & 200. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand
12 (1): 128, fig. 72, pl. IX.4. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 147. 2021.
— Habenaria stenopetala var. polytricha Hook.f. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 5: 64. 1895;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 73 in obs., fig. 38. 1977.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: fide Aung et al. (2020: 87).

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. Himalaya, S China, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, S Japan.
Habenaria pectinata D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 24. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 137. 1890;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 151. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 81. 2003;
Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 153. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 147. 2021.
— Orchis pectinata Sm., Exot. Bot. 2: 77. 1805, nom. illeg.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Kingdon-Ward(1959: 62).
Distribution. Pakistan, N India, Nepal, SW China.
Habenaria reniformis (D.Don) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 152. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark.
31 (3): 132, fig. 85. 1977; Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 149. 2009; Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull.,Bot. (Special Issue): 82. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 193. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1):133, fig. 76. 2011; Kurzweil & Lwin in Gard. Bull. Singapore 67 (1): 113, fig. 2C. 2015; Aung et al.
in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 147. 2021.
— Listera reniformis D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 28. 1825.
— Neottia reniformis (D.Don) Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 707. 1826.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1200 m, 2 Sep. 2011, H. Funakoshi etal. 085039 (MBK).
Distribution. India, Nepal, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, W Indonesia.
Habenaria rodgeri W.W.Sm. & Banerji in Rec. Bot. Surv. India 6: 34. 1914; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 81. 2003; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 148. 2021.
— Habenaria rhodocheila auctt. plur. non Hance: Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 157. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: fig. 208.1‒3. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 134, fig. 77, pl. X.2‒4. 2011;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 167 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Aunget al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020.
— Habenaria erichmichelii auct., non Christenson: Tanaka et al. in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 61:
164, fig. 2E. 2011.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 900 m, 21 Sep. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22700 (BM).
Distribution. Endemic to Myanmar (Mandalay Region and Chin State).
Note. Previously considered conspecific with H. rhodocheila Hance but appears distinct
vegetatively (broadly ovate-lanceolate basal leaves with paler mottling).

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Habenaria stenopetala Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 319. 1835; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 134.
1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 70, fig. 37. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
153. 2002; Chen & Cribb in Fl. China 25: 151. 2009; Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. (Special
Issue): 17. 2009; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 142, fig. 82, pl. XI.3. 2011; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 148. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 10 Oct 2017, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record.
Distribution. India, Himalaya, SW China, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines.
Habenaria trichosantha Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 324. 1835; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 138.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 344. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 86, fig. 49. 1977;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 153. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 81. 2003;
Kurzweil in Thai Forest Bull., Bot. (Special Issue): 31. 2009; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 145,
fig. 84. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 306 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Kang et al.,Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 82 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 149. 2021.
— Fimbrorchis trichosantha (Lindl.) Szlach. in Orchidee (Hamburg) 55: 491. 2004.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 22 Oct 2013, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record; fide Kang et al. (2017: 82).
Distribution. E Himalaya, Thailand.
Habenaria yuana Tang & F.T.Wang in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 7: 135. 1936; Chen & Cribb in
Fl. China 25: 154. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 150. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1520-1600 m, 21 Aug. 2013, K.
Fujikawa et al. 094080 (MBK); 1525 m, 30 July 2008, K. Fujikawa et al. 053010 (MBK); ca. 2000
m, 10 Sep. 2012, Ling Shein Man 091720 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1670-2445 m, 2 Sep. 2013, K.
Fujikawa et al. 094940 (MBK); 1740 m, 5 Aug. 2008, K. Fujikawa et al. 053123 (MBK).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand.
Note. Specimens are frequently misidentified as H. limprichtii Schltr.

HEMIPILIA LindleyHemipilia calophylla C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in J. Bot. 12: 197. 1874; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:167. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 328. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 18, fig. 6.
1977; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 81. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 169 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 100. 2009;
Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 150, fig. 87. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 309

61

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2(incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 150. 2021.
— Hemipilia amethystina Rolfe ex Hook.f. in Bot. Mag. 123: t. 7521. 1897.
— Orchis subrotunda King & Pantl. in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66: 600. 1897.
— Galearis subrotunda (King & Pantl.) P.F.Hunt in Kew Bull. 26: 172. 1971.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2030-2295 m, 27 June 2009, N.
Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081284 (MBK); 2065 m, 24 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094370 (MBK);
2400 m, 25 May 2007, N. Kuroiwa et al. 051277 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified:1980 m, 17 June 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22358 (BM).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Hemipilia cordifolia Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 296. 1835; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 167. 1890;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 157, fig. 42. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45:
81. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 98. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 142 & 143.3−5. 2010;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 87. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 150. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper
6048 (E, SING).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, SW China, Taiwan.

HERMINIUM Linnaeus
Herminium fallax (Lindl.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 129. 1890; Raskoti et al. in Cladistics 32:
210. 2016; Raskoti et al. in PhytoKeys 79: 35, figs. 5D, 6J, 7J, 8J, 9J, 10I & 11F. 2017; Aung et al.
in PhytoKeys 138: 88. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 151. 2021.
— Peristylus fallax Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 298. 1835; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
176. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 140. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 184.4−6. 2010.
— Habenaria fallax (Lindl.) King & Pantl. in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. (Calcutta) 8: 325. 1898.
— Platanthera fallax (Lindl.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 111. 1919.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 7 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060088(MBK); 1900 m, 11 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 053613 (MBK); 2400 m, 21 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et
al. 094119 (MBK); 3070 m, 30 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092824 (MBK). Mindat Township:2000 m, 5 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 053610A (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified:Kurzweil s.n., photographic record; fide Kang et al. (2017: 92).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, Bhutan, SW China.
Note. The specimens Yasuda 053610A, 053613 & 060088 and Fujikawa et al. 094119 differ fromtypical H. fallax by their broader leaves and many-flowered inflorescences with flexible and wiry
axes; floral material is identical though. Further studies are needed.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Herminium kamengense A.N.Rao in J. Econ. Tax. Bot. 25 (2): 287. 2001; Chen et al. in Fl.
China 25: 119. 2009; Raskoti et al. in PhytoKeys 79: 47, figs. 9P & 10E. 2017; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 88. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 152. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 10 Aug. 2016,
Kurzweil s.n., photographic record, det. B.B. Raskoti; 15 Aug. 2018, Y.D. Kim s.n., photographic
record.
Distribution. Himalaya, SW China.
Herminium lanceum (Thunb. ex Sw.) Vuijk in Blumea 11: 228. 1961; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 31 (3): 20, fig. 7. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 162. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 81. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 122. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs.
166.6 & 168. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 152, fig. 88, pl. XII.3. 2011; Raskoti et al. in
PhytoKeys 79: 48, figs. 5E, 6F, 7F, 7Q, 8F, 9N & 11E. 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 88.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 152. 2021.
— Ophrys lancea Thunb. ex Sw. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 21: 223. 1800.
— Aceras angustifolium Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 18: sub t. 1525. 1832; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 324. 1895 [as Accras angustifolia].
— Herminium angustifolium (Lindl.) Ridl. in H.O.Forbes, Nat. Wand. East. Archip.: 519. 1885;
Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 129. 1890.
— Spiranthes lancea (Thunb. ex Sw.) Bakh.f. & Steenis in Blumea 6: 361. 1950.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2 Aug. 2007, Ling Shein Man 055366(MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060085 (MBK); 15 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060087 (MBK); 2075
m, 20 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094019 (MBK); 2300 m, 14 Sep. 2011, H. Funakoshi et al.
085329 (MBK); 2400 m, 29 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092759 (MBK); 2680 m, 22 Aug. 2013,
K. Fujikawa et al. 094230 (MBK); 094254 (MBK); 1830 m, Sep. 1956, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko
Ko 5763 (RAF). Mindat Township: 1670-2445 m, 2 Sep. 2013 K. Fujikawa et al. 094935 (MBK);
2485 m, 31 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094796 (MBK); 2550 m, 1 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al.
094876 (MBK); 1370 m, 8 Oct. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22724 (BM). Mindat District, townshipnot specified: 2135 m, 2 Sep. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22612 (BM); 22613 (BM); 2530 m, 27 Oct.
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22784 (BM), ident. uncertain [largely fruiting].
Distribution. Pakistan, N India, Nepal, China, Mongolia, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam,
Peninsular Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea.
Herminium latilabre (Lindl.) X.H.Jin et al. in Cladistics 32: 210. 2016; Raskoti et al. in
PhytoKeys 79: 51, figs. 5B, 10C, 11H & 14. 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 88. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 152. 2021.
— Platanthera latilabris Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 289. 1835; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 190. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 111. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 160.5−7. 2010.
— Habenaria latilabris (Lindl.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 153. 1890.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025478(MBK); ca. 1676 m, 4 Nov. 2002, Ling Shein Man & Cho Cho Win 024450 (MBK); ca. 1750 m, 23
Oct. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087624 (MBK); ca. 1750-2000 m, 2 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025132(MBK); ca. 2000 m, 20 Sep. 2012, Ling Shein Man 091759 (MBK); 2270 m, 10 Oct. 2008, S.
Yasuda 053625 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2550 m, 1 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094832(MBK); 094832A (MBK); 094856 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 5
Sep. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22671 (BM), det. P. Efimov; 1525 m, 24 Oct. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22741 (BM).
Distribution. Pakistan, N India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China.
Note. Well known in the genus Platanthera but recently transferred to Herminium (Raskoti et al.
2017: 51).
Herminium mannii (Rchb.f.) Tang & F.T.Wang in Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. 7: 128. 1936;
Raskoti et al. in Cladistics 32: 210. 2016; Raskoti et al. in PhytoKeys 79: 56, figs. 6Q & 10H. 2017;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 88. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 153. 2021.
— Coeloglossum mannii Rchb.f. in Linnaea 41: 54. 1877.
— Habenaria gracillima Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 163. 1890.
— Platanthera mannii (Rchb.f.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 114. 1919.
— Peristylus mannii (Rchb.f.) Mukerjee in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 21: 153. 1953;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 45, fig. 19. 1977; Kurzweil in Nordic J. Bot. 28: 29, fig. 5.
2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 240, fig. 141, pl. XIX.3. 2011; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 141. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 184.7−8.
2010.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2075 m, 20 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et
al. 094040 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2450-2545 m, 31 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094724(MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 5 Sep. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22684(BM).
Distribution. E Nepal, NE India, SW China, Thailand.
Herminium quinquelobum King & Pantl. in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 65: 130.
1896; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 167. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 121. 2009;
Raskoti et al. in PhytoKeys 79: 65, figs. 5H, 6O, 7O, 8O & 9O. 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 88. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 153. 2021.
— Monorchis quinqueloba (King & Pantl.) O.Schwarz in Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 96. 1949.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 88).
Distribution. Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, W Indonesia (Java).

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

HOLCOGLOSSUM Schlechter
Holcoglossum amesianum (Rchb.f.) Christenson in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 44: 255.
1987; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 308, fig. 201, pl. XXXVIa. 1988; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 81. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 170 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Jin & Wood in Fl. China 25: 499. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 635.6. 2010; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 310−311 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 88. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 154. 2021.
— Vanda amesiana Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 1: 764. 1887; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 249.
1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1552 m, 26 Feb. 2007, K. Fujikawa
050134 (MBK).
Distribution. NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.

LECANORCHIS Blumeindet.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 19 May 2008, Khin Myo Htwe 080977(MBK).
Note. The specimen cannot be identified to the species level as it is in the fruiting stage.

LIPARIS Richard, nom. cons.
Liparis cespitosa (Lam.) Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 11: sub t. 882. 1825; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31(1): 61, fig. 38. 1976; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 204. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 82. 2003 [as caespitosa]; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 173 (incl. colour photo). 2005 [as caespitosa]; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 222. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: figs. 282.4−6 & 295. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 89. 2020; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 157. 2021.
— Epidendrum cespitosum Lam., Encycl. 1: 187. 1783.
— Malaxis cespitosa (Lam.) Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: t. 90. 1822.
— Liparis auriculata Rchb.f. in Flora 55: 277. 1872, nom. illeg.
— Liparis pusilla Ridl. in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 294. 1886; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 701. 1890.
— Liparis prainii Hook.f. in Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 19: t. 1857A. 1889; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 700.
1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1670-2445 m, 2 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa
et al. 094951 (MBK).

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. Widespread throughout the Paleotropics.
Liparis deflexa Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 697. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (1): 27, fig.
15. 1976; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 198. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.
45: 82. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 89. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 158.
2021.
— Leptorkis deflexa (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 671. 1891.
— Liparis prazeri King & Pantl. in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66: 582. 1897.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: fide Aung et al. (2020: 89).
Distribution. India, ? Laos, ? Vietnam, ? Cambodia.
Liparis jovispluvii C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 154. 1874; Hook.f.,
Fl. Brit. India 5: 697. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 21. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (1):43, fig. 25. 1976; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 82. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 89. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 157. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 30 July 2008, K. Fujikawa et al.
053029 (MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060061 (MBK); 060082 (MBK); 914 m, 25 July 2006,
Ling Shein Man 052053 (MBK); 1070 m, 6 July 2013, Ling Shein Man 093005 (MBK); 1150 m, 29
July 2008, S. Yasuda 053609 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1450 m, 11 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22466 (BM); 1220-1525 m, 22 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22517 p.p. (BM).
Distribution. Thailand, Cambodia.
Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 26. 1830; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 201. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 218. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 289.6−8. 2010;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 89. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 160. 2021.
— Malaxis odorata Willd., Sp. Pl. 4: 91. 1805.
— Liparis paradoxa (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 218. 1861; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 697. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 23. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (1): 38, fig.
22. 1976; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 82. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 175 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
319 (incl. colour photos). 2014.
— Liparis parishii (Hook.f.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 182. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 24.
1895; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 82. 2003.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 4 Dec. 2005, Ling Shein Man 022(MBK); 26 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060062 (MBK); 29 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060083 (MBK); 9 Aug.
2008, S. Yasuda 060075 (MBK); 060084 (MBK); 1400-1600 m, 26 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T.
Yukawa 081210 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1220-1525 m, 22 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22516(BM); 22517 p.p. (BM).
Distribution. India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand, Laos,

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Cambodia, Guam.
Liparis regnieri Finet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 338. 1908; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (1):20, fig. 8. 1976; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 82. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide
Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 175 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 220.
2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 320 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 89. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 161. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1220 m, 12 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22473 (BM).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Liparis siamensis Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 371. 1925; Seidenf. in
Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (1): 24, fig. 13. 1976; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 82. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 175 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chenet al. in Fl. China 25: 218. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 90. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 161. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 760 m, 1 Sep. 2011, H. Funakoshi etal. 085008 (MBK).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Laos.
Liparis tschangii Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 19: 380. 1924; Chen et al. in Fl. China
25: 217. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 289.4−5. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 90. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 162. 2021.
— Liparis sutepensis Rolfe ex Downie in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1925: 371. 1925; Seidenf. in
Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (1): 27, fig. 14. 1976; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 176 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 7 Aug. 2016, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record.
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

LUISIA Gaudichaud
Luisia brachystachys (Lindl.) Blume, Rumphia 4: 50. 1849; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 23. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 235. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 278, fig. 179, pl. XXXIc. 1988;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 527. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 82.
2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 178 (incl. colour photo). 2005;
Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 490. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 90. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 163. 2021.

67

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2— Mesoclastes brachystachys Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 45. 1830.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 90).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Luisia filiformis Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 23. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 284, fig. 184, pl.
XXXIId. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 528. 2002; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 178 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 490.
2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 90. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 163. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 90).
Distribution. India, E Himalaya, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.

MALAXIS Solander ex Swartz
Malaxis cylindrostachya (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673. 1891; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 218. 2002; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 165. 2021.
— Dienia cylindrostachya Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 22. 1830; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25:
235. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 83. 2020.
— Microstylis cylindrostachya (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 207. 1861; Hook.f.,
Fl. Brit. India 5: 689. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2680-3053 m, 27 Aug. 2013, K.
Fujikawa et al. 094517 (MBK); 2800 m, 13 Aug. 2008, M. Matsumoto 053614 (MBK); 3070 m, 30
July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092798 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2550 m, 1 Sep. 2013, K.
Fujikawa et al. 094853 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2000 m, 14 Aug. 2016,
Thet Yu Nwe TY 61 (RAF).
Distribution. Pakistan, N India, Nepal, S and SW China.

NEOTTIA Guettard
Neottia nyinyikyawii X.H.Jin et al. in Phytotaxa 446 (3): 205. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 168. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 2800-3070 m, 3
July 2018, Jin et al. PT-19864 (holotype: RAF; isotypes: XTBG, PE).
Distribution. Endemic to Natma Taung.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Neottia cf. pinetorum (Lindl.) Szlach. in Fragm. Florist. Geobot., Suppl. 3: 118. 1995; Chen et al.
in Fl. China 25: 192. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: 258. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 91.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 168. 2021.
— Listera pinetorum Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1: 175. 1857; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 104.
1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 52, fig. 10a−j. 2002.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 14 Aug. 2016, Thet
Yu Nwe TY 65 (RAF), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. N India, Himalaya, SW China.

NERVILIA Commerson ex Gaudichaud, nom. cons.
Nervilia concolor (Blume) Schltr. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 404. 1911; Kang et al., Seed Pl. NatmaTaung: 85 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 169. 2021.
— Cordyla concolor Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 417. 1825.
— Nervilia aragoana Gaudich., Voy. Uranie: 422. 1829; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 164,
figs. 103−105. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 61. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 83. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 188 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Chen & Gale in Fl. China 25: 200. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 266 & 267.6−7.
2010; Gale & Watthana in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 555, fig. 301, pl. XLVII.1−3. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild
Orchids of Myanmar: 334 (incl. colour photo). 2014.
— Pogonia carinata (Roxb.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 414. 1840; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 121.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 352. 1895.
— Pogonia flabelliformis Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 415. 1840; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 121.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 353. 1895.
— Pogonia concolor (Blume) Blume, Mus. Bot. 1: 32. 1849.
— Pogonia scottii Rchb.f. in Flora 55: 276. 1872; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 120. 1890; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 354. 1895.
— Nervilia flabelliformis (Lindl.) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 68. 1951.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 775 m, 10 June 2008, S. Yasuda
053616 (MBK); 914 m, 25 July 2006, Ling Shein Man 052057 (MBK); 1070 m, 6 July 2013, Ling
Shein Man 093004 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1220 m, 11 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22208(BM). MAGWAY REGION. Saw Township: 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051106 (MBK); 4
June 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089698 (MBK).
Distribution. Very widespread in the tropics and subtropics of Asia and ranging to the islands of
the Pacific Ocean.
Nervilia plicata (Andrews) Schltr. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 403. 1911; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark.
32 (2): 156, fig. 100. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 60. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 83. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 188

69

70

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Gale in Fl. China 25: 200. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs.
267.1−3 & 268. 2010; Gale & Watthana in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 566, fig. 307, pl. XLIX.1−3. 2014;
Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 335 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 171. 2021.
— Arethusa plicata Andrews, Bot. Repos. 5: pl. 321. 1803.
— Pogonia plicata (Andrews) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 415. 1840; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
119. 1890.
— Pogonia velutina C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 142. 1874; Hook.f.,
Fl. Brit. India 6: 119. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 355. 1895.
— Nervilia velutina (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Schltr. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 403. 1911.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1465 m, 28 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward22166 (BM).
Distribution. Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Andaman Islands, China, Taiwan,
Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea; N Australia.
Nervilia simplex (Thouars) Schltr. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 401. 1911; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 171. 2021.
— Arethusa simplex Thouars, Hist. Orchid.: t. 24. 1822.
— Pogonia simplex (Thouars) Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2: 92. 1865.
— Bolborchis crociformis Zoll. & Moritzi in A.Moritzi, Syst. Verz. Java: 89. 1846.
— Nervilia crociformis (Zoll. & Moritzi) Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 151. 1978; Pearce &Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 57. 2002; Chen & Gale in Fl. China 25: 199. 2009; Kang et al., Seed Pl.
Natma Taung: 86 (incl. colour photos). 2017.
— Pogonia crispata Blume, Mus. Bot. 1: 32. 1849.
— Nervilia crispata (Blume) Schltr. ex K.Schum. & Lauterb., Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee: 240. 1900.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Kang et al.
(2017: 86).
Distribution. Tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and Australia to the islands of the SW Pacific.
Note. Well known as N. crociformis, but the name N. simplex is older.

OBERONIA Lindley
Oberonia anthropophora Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 16. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 684.
1888; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 28. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (1): 33, fig. 23. 1978;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 83. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 189 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 240. 2009; Fl. China
Illustr. 25: fig. 313.4−5. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 172. 2021.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Malaxis anthropophora (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 215. 1861.
— Iridorkis anthropophora (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 669. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 92).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, S China, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia.
Oberonia cavaleriei Finet in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 334. 1908; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 84. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 244. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 319.5−6.
2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 173. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1928-1929, R.
Unwin 13505 (K).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, S and SW China, ? Thailand, ? Vietnam.
Oberonia falconeri Hook.f. in Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 18: t. 1780. 1888; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 678.
1888; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (1): 22, fig. 12. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
224. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 84. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 190 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 241. 2009;
Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 318.3−4. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 336 (incl. colour
photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 173.
2021.
— Iridorkis falconeri (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 669. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 92).
Distribution. India, Himalaya, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia.
Oberonia forcipata Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 8: 2. 1859; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 681. 1888; Aung etal. in PhytoKeys 138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 174. 2021.
— Malaxis forcipata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 209. 1861.
— Iridorkis forcipata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 669. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 92).
Distribution. Sri Lanka.
Oberonia gammiei King & Pantl. in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 66: 578. 1897;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (1): 19, fig. 8. 1978; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 243. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: fig. 316.1−2. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 174. 2021.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 92).
Distribution. NE India, Bangladesh, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Oberonia insectifera Hook.f. in Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 21: t. 2004. 1890; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
180. 1890; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 92. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 175. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 92).
Distribution. Widespread from Thailand through Malesia to Queensland (Australia).
Oberonia pachyrachis Rchb.f. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 681. 1888; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 33 (1): 11, fig. 4. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 226. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl.
China 25: 244. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 319.3−4. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 93.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 176. 2021.
— Iridorkis pachyrachis (Rchb.f. ex Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 669. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 93).
Distribution. N India, Himalaya, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Oberonia pyrulifera Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 8: 3. 1859; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 678. 1888; Seidenf.
in Dansk Bot. Ark. 25 (3): 38, fig. 20. 1968; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 33 (1): 23, fig. 13. 1978;
Ansari & Balakrishnan in Orchid Monogr. 4: 30, fig. 26. 1990; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 226. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 241. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 316.3−4. 2010;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 93. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 176. 2021.
— Malaxis pyrulifera (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 211. 1861.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 2350-2550 m, 7 Dec. 2002, J.
Murata et al. 024737 (MBK); ca. 2743 m, 19 Nov. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087843 (MBK). Mindat
Township: 2450-2545 m, 31 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094771 (MBK). Mindat District,township not specified: 2590 m, 28 Oct 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22783 (BM), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, SW China, Thailand.

OTOCHILUS Lindley
Otochilus albus Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 35. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 843. 1890;
Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 91, fig. 51. 1986; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 342. 2002; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 84. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofEnumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Thailand, ed. 4: 192 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 340. 2009; Suddee
in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 570, fig. 308. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 93. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 179. 2021.
— Coelogyne alba (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 236. 1862.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 030962 (MBK); 031018 (MBK); 2030-2295 m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T.
Yukawa 081268 (MBK); 2040 m, 19 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089044 (MBK). Mindat
Township: 2200 m, 24 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089207 (MBK). Mindat District, townshipnot specified: 19 May 2007, Homan 70 (TNS).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Otochilus fuscus Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 35. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 844. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 164. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 90, fig. 50, pl. VIIa. 1986; Pearce& Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 342, pl. 14 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 84. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 192 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 340. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 466.1−3. 2010;
Suddee in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 572, fig. 309. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 341 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 93. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):179. 2021.
— Coelogyne fusca (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 236. 1861.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 30 Dec. 2007, S. Yasuda 053819(MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Otochilus lancilabius Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 94, fig. 53. 1986; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 343, fig. 82, pl. 15 [top left]. 2002; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 340. 2009; Fl. China
Illustr. 25: fig. 467. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 93. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 179. 2021.
— Otochilus albus var. lancilabius (Seidenf.) Pradhan, Indian Orchids: Guide Identif. & Cult. 2:706. 1979.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2300-2500 m, 7 Dec. 2002, J. Murata
et al. 025647 (MBK, TI).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, SW China, Laos, Vietnam.
Otochilus porrectus Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 36. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 844. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 164. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 91, fig. 52, pl. VIIb. 1986; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 84. 2003; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 340. 2009; Suddee in
Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 574, fig. 310. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 93. 2020; Ormerod et al. in

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Phytotaxa 481 (1): 180. 2021.
— Coelogyne porrecta (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 236. 1861.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 2135 m, 20 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward22245 (BM).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

PACHYSTOMA Blume
Pachystoma pubescens Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 376. 1825; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 54, fig.
26. 1986; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 300, fig. 68. 2002; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25:286. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 410 & 441.7−8. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 576,
fig. 311, pl. L.2. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 94. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 180. 2021.
— Pachystoma senile (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 3: 251. 1855; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 812.
1890; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 84. 2003.
— Pachychilus pubescens (Blume) Blume, Mus. Bot. 2: 173. 1856.
— Pachystoma nutans S.C.Chen & Luo in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 40: 174. 2002.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 602 m, 7 Mar. 2006, H. Nagamasu
et al. 035472 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1465 m, 12 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21786 (BM).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bhutan, S and SW China, Taiwan, Andaman and Nicobar
Islands, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea; NAustralia, New Caledonia.

PANISEA (Lindley) Lindley
Panisea tricallosa Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1901: 148. 1901; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89:
86, fig. 46, pl. VIc. 1986; Lund in Nordic J. Bot. 7: 520, figs. 11−16. 1987; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 347. 2002; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 193 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 333. 2009; Suddee in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 581,
fig. 314. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 94. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 181.
2021.
— Panisea pantlingii (Pfitzer) Schltr., Orchideen Beschreib. Kult. Zücht.: 155. 1914.
— Sigmatogyne pantlingii Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 50 (32): 134. 1907.
— Sigmatogyne tricallosa (Rolfe) Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 50 (32): 133. 1907.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1750 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al.
029703 (MBK).

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular
Malaysia.
Panisea uniflora (Lindl.) Lindl., Fol. Orchid. 5: 2. 1854; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 842. 1890;
Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 88, fig. 47, pl. VId. 1986; Lund in Nordic J. Bot. 7: 525, figs. 18−19.
1987; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 347, pl. 15 [bottom-left]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 84. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 193(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 334. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 94. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 181. 2021.
— Coelogyne uniflora Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 42. 1830; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 183. 1895.
— Coelogyne biflora C.S.P.Parish ex Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1865: 1035. 1865.
— Pleione uniflora (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 680. 1891.
— Chelonistele biflora (C.S.P.Parish ex Rchb.f.) Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 50 II
B 7 (32): 139. 1907.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 13 May 2007,
Kyaw Khaing s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Panisea yunnanensis S.C.Chen & Z.H.Tsi in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 2: 301. 1980; Lund in Nordic J.
Bot. 7: 525, figs. 20. 1987; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 334. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
461.1‒3. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 94. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 181.
2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 94).
Distribution. S and SW China, Vietnam.

PAPHIOPEDILUM Pfitzer, nom. cons.
Paphiopedilum villosum (Lindl.) Stein, Orchid.-Buch: 490. 1892; Cribb, The genus
Paphiopedilum: 259, figs. 74‒75. 1998; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 198 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Liuet al. in Fl. China 25: 41. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 49. 2010; Cribb in Fl. Thailand 12 (1):215, fig. 126, pl. XVI.4. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 364 (incl. colour photo).
2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 94. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 185. 2021.
— Cypripedium villosum Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1854: 135. 1854; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 171.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 380. 1895.
— Cypripedium boxallii Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 7: 367. 1877.
— Paphiopedilum boxallii (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl (eds.), Nat.
Pflanzenfam. 2 (6): 84. 1889.
— Cypripedium villosum var. aureum B.S.Williams, Orch.-Grow. Man., ed. 7: 311. 1894.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 19 Dec. 2014, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record.
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Paphiopedilum sp.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060018(MBK).
Note. The plant is sterile and therefore cannot be identified.

PAPILIONANTHE Schlechter
Papilionanthe biswasiana (Ghose & Mukerjee) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 371. 1974; Seidenf.
in Opera Bot. 95: 233, fig. 144. 1988; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 198 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 477. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 366 (incl. colour
photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 94. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 186.
2021.
— Aerides biswasiana Ghose & Mukerjee in Orchid Rev. 53: 124. 1945.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1950 m, 31 Mar.
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21903 (BM).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand.
? Papilionanthe hookeriana (Rchb.f.) Schltr. in Orchis 9: 80. 1915; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95:
230, fig. 142, pl. XXVa. 1988.
— Vanda hookeriana Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 4: 324. 1856; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 50. 1890.
Distribution. Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, W Indonesia.
Note. This species was said to be typical in the subtropical evergreen forests of Natma Taung(Kingdon-Ward 1959: 63). However, the record is questionable as the occurrence of this attractive
species in Natma Taung has not been reported by others.
Papilionanthe teres (Roxb.) Schltr. in Orchis 9: 78. 1915; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 230, fig. 143,
pl. XXVb. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 536, fig. 120. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 198(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 477. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
617.3. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 367 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 94. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 186. 2021.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Dendrobium teres Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 485. 1832.
— Vanda teres (Roxb.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 217. 1833; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 49. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 258. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 94).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Papilionanthe vandarum (Rchb.f.) Garay in Bot. Mus. Leafl. 23: 372. 1974; Pearce & Cribb,
Orchids of Bhutan: 539, pl. 30 [top-left]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003;
Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 478. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 95. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 187. 2021.
— Aerides vandarum Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1867: 997. 1867; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 44. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1552 m, 26 Feb. 2007, K. Fujikawa
050136 (MBK); ca. 2300-2450 m, 4 June 2002, N. Tanaka et al. 023316 (MBK); 2300-2500 m, 7
Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025632 (MBK); 1980 m, Apr. 1956, Maung Gale-2 5557 (RAF).
Mindat Township: 2083 m, 6 Mar. 2014, P. Srisanga et al. 097605 (MBK); ca. 2400-2500 m, 17
May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030832 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 2390 m, 28
Apr. 2003, N. Tanaka et al. 029748 (TNS), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China.

PECTEILIS RafinesquePecteilis susannae (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 38. 1836 [as susanna]; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31(3): 22, fig. 8. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 173, fig. 45. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 199(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 136. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
182.1−2. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 220, fig. 129. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofMyanmar: 368 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 95. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 188. 2021.
— Orchis susannae L., Sp. Pl.: 939. 1753.
— Habenaria susannae (L.) R.Br. ex Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 692. 1826; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:137. 1890.
— Platanthera robusta Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 295. 1835.
— Platanthera susannae (L.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 295. 1835; Grant, Orchids of Burma:
326. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Sep. 2002, Ling Shein Man & Cho
Cho Win 024393 (MBK); ca. 600-815 m, 7 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 095132 (MBK); 1125 m,
30 Sep. 2008, S. Yasuda 053620 (MBK).

77

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. Nepal, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia,
Indonesia.

PERISTYLUS Blume, nom. cons.
Peristylus affinis (D.Don) Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 48, fig. 23. 1977; Pearce & Cribb,
Orchids of Bhutan: 174. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 142. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
187.5−7. 2010; Kurzweil in Nordic J. Bot. 28: 32. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 225, fig.
130. 2011; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 371 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 95. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 189. 2021.
— Habenaria affinis D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 25. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 166. 1890.
— Gymnadenia affinis (D.Don) Rchb.f., Otia Bot. Hamburg.: 33. 1878.
— Peristylus goodyeroides var. affinis (D.Don) T.Cooke, Fl. Bombay 2: 712. 1907.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1200 m, 8 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda
053611 (MBK); 1700 m, 11 July 2013, Ling Shein Man 093086 (MBK). Mindat Township: 12201525 m, 23 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22519 (BM), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. N India, Nepal, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos.
Peristylus constrictus (Lindl.) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 300. 1835; Grant, Orchids of Burma:
328. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 46, fig. 20. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 175. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 201 (incl. colour photo). 2005 [as affinis]; Chen et al. in Fl.
China 25: 141. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 187.8. 2010; Kurzweil in Nordic J. Bot. 28: 31, fig.
6. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 227, fig. 132, pl. XVII.3. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 95. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 189. 2021.
— Herminium constrictum Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 18: t. 1499. 1832.
— Habenaria constricta (Lindl.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 161. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1525 m, 18 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22259 (BM, C); 1220-2285 m, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5427 (RAF).
Distribution. India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Peristylus densus (Lindl.) Santapau & Kapadia in J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 57: 128. 1960;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 32, fig. 12. 1977; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85.
2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 139. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 183.1−3. 2010; Kurzweil in
Nordic J. Bot. 28: 37, fig. 9. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 227, fig. 133, pl. XVII.4. 2011;
Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 91 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
95. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 189. 2021.
— Coeloglossum densum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 302. 1835.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Habenaria stenostachya (Lindl. ex Benth.) Benth., Fl. Hongk.: 362. 1861; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 6: 156. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 342. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060076(MBK); ca. 1750 m, 23 Oct. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087624A (MBK); ca. 1828 m, 11 July 2011,
Ling Shein Man 087536 (MBK); 2030-2295 m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081255(MBK); 2065 m, 24 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094371 (MBK); 2075 m, 20 Aug. 2013, K.
Fujikawa et al. 094059 (MBK); 2400 m, 29 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092772 (MBK). Mindat
District, township not specified: 21 July 2007, N. Tanaka s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. India, Nepal, China, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Note. A few collections cited above have threadlike lip side lobes three to four times as long as
the midlobe.
Peristylus goodyeroides (D.Don) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 299. 1835; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 329. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 53, fig. 25. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 178. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 201 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25:
141. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 187.1−4 & 188. 2010; Kurzweil in Nordic J. Bot. 28: 34, fig.
7. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 230, fig. 134, pl. XVIII.1. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 95. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 190. 2021.
— Habenaria goodyeroides D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 25. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 161.
1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 15 June 2007, Ling Shein Man 055162(MBK); 29 May 2008, S. Yasuda 060103 (MBK); 23 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060066 (MBK); 29
June 2008, S. Yasuda 060071 (MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060057 (MBK); 1200 m, 22 June
2013, Ling Shein Man 092871 (MBK); ca. 1524 m, 26 June 2011, Ling Shein Man 087458 (MBK);
087459 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1370 m, 26 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward
22532 (BM), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia,
Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, New Guinea.
Peristylus intrudens (Ames) Ormerod in Taiwania 56: 46. 2011; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 190. 2021.
— Habenaria intrudens Ames, Schedul. Orchid. 6: 1. 1923.
— Peristylus lacertifer var. taipoensis (S.Y.Hu & Barretto) S.C.Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 143.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: 190. 2010.
— Peristylus taipoensis (S.Y.Hu & Barretto) T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung in Taiwania 54: 84. 2009.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1000 m, 16 Aug.
2016, Thet Yu Nwe TY 71 (RAF).

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. Central Nepal, S China, Taiwan, Philippines.
Peristylus cf. parishii Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 139. 1874; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 329. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 52, fig. 24. 1977; Pearce & Cribb, Orchidsof Bhutan: 180. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 85. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China
25: 142. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 187.9. 2010; Kurzweil in Nordic J. Bot. 28: 33. 2010;
Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 242, fig. 142. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 95. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 191. 2021.
— Habenaria parishii (Rchb.f.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 161. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Matupi Township: 1660 m, 12 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al.
092421 (MBK) [largely fruiting].
Distribution. India, Nepal, S and SW China, Andaman Islands, Thailand, Vietnam.

PHAIUS Loureiro
Phaius was said to be typical in pine savanna on Mt. Victoria, but no reference to a particularspecies was made (Kingdon-Ward 1959: 62).

PHALAENOPSIS Blume
Phalaenopsis difformis (Wall. ex Lindl.) Kocyan & Schuit. in Phytotaxa 161 (1): 67. 2014; Aunget al. in PhytoKeys 138: 96. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 194. 2021.
— Aerides difformis Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 242. 1833.
— Ornithochilus fuscus Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 242. 1833, nom. inval.; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 6: 76. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 275. 1895.
— Ornithochilus difformis (Wall. ex Lindl.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 4: 277.
1919; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 43, fig. 23, pl. IIId. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
534, fig. 119. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 84. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 191 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China
25: 448. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 593.5−6. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 340(incl. colour photo). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 87 (incl. colour photos). 2017.
— Sarcochilus difformis (Wall. ex Lindl.) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 92. 1951.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 20 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051149(MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060055 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1924,
R.E. Cooper 6085 (E, SING); without collector 20090703 (TNS).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, W
Indonesia.
Phalaenopsis hygrochila J.M.H.Shaw in Orchid Rev. 123 (1309, Suppl.): 23. 2015; Aung et al. inEnumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

PhytoKeys 138: 96. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 194. 2021.
— Vanda parishii Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2: 138. 1868; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 51. 1890; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 255. 1895.
— Hygrochilus parishii (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer in H.G.A.Engler & K.A.E.Prantl (eds.), Nat.
Pflanzenfam., Nachtr. 1: 112. 1897; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 138, fig. 83, pl. XIVa. 1988; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 81. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 171 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 465. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: fig. 608.1. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 316 (incl. colour photo).
2014.
— Vandopsis parishii (Rchb.f.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 47. 1912.
— Stauropsis parishii (Rchb.f.) Rolfe in Orchid Rev. 27: 97. 1919.
— Phalaenopsis marriottiana (Rchb.f.) Kocyan & Schuit. var. parishii (Rchb.f.) Kocyan & Schuit.
in Phytotaxa 161 (1): 67. 2014, nom. inval.
— Phalaenopsis tigrina M.He Li et al. in Phytotaxa 275 (1): 59. 2016, nom. superfl.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 17 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051123(MBK).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Phalaenopsis natmataungensis (T.Yukawa et al.) Dalström & Ormerod in Orchids (West Palm
Beach) 79: 706. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 96. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 195. 2021.
— Doritis natmataungensis T.Yukawa et al. in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 60: 167. 2010.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1700-2030 m, 21 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 031017 (MBK); 1740 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029689 (holotype: TNS;
isotypes: MBK, TI); 1950 m, 21 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 20040156 (MBK).
Distribution. Endemic to Natma Taung.

PHOLIDOTA Lindley
Pholidota articulata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 38. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 844. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 161. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 96, fig. 54, pl. VIIc. 1986; deVogel in Orchid Monogr. 3: 21, fig. 8, pl. 2a−b. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 349, fig.
84, pl. 15 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al., in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 86. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 206 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 336. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 465.3−4. 2010; Suddee in Fl.
Thailand 12 (2): 596, fig. 321, pl. LII.1. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 382 (incl.
colour photo). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 94 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al.
in PhytoKeys 138: 96. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 197. 2021.
— Pholidota khasyana Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 4: 329. 1856.

81

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2— Coelogyne articulata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 238. 1862.
— Pholidota obovata Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 845. 1890.
— Pholidota lugardii Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 6. 1893; Grant, Orchids of Burma:
162. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 8 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060011(MBK); 060097 (MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060016 (MBK); 1400-1600 m, 26 June 2009, N.
Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081233 (MBK); 1552 m, 26 Feb. 2007, K. Fujikawa 050124 (MBK); 2350 m,
24 May 2007, N. Kuroiwa et al. 051190 (MBK); 2410 m, 25 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al. 029680(MBK). Mindat Township: 15 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051117 (MBK); 2220 m, 28 Apr. 2003,
J. Murata et al. 029755 (MBK); ca. 2300 m, 16 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030606 (MBK);
030611 (MBK); ca. 2400-2500 m, 16 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 030810 (MBK). Matupi
Township: 2050 m, 15 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092505 (MBK); 2225 m, 22 July 2013, Mu
Mu Aung & Law Shine 092625 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: R. Swinhoe 34(K), det. E.F. de Vogel; 1525 m, 7 July 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22454 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia,
W Indonesia (Sumatra).
Pholidota convallariae (Rchb.f.) Hook.f. in Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 19: t. 1880. 1889; Hook.f., Fl. Brit.
India 5: 846. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 161. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 104, fig. 58, pl.
VIIIc. 1986; de Vogel in Orchid Monogr. 3: 70, fig. 29, pl. 6d. 1988; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 86. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 207 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 338. 2009; Suddee in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 599,
fig. 323. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 384 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 198. 2021.
— Coelogyne convallariae C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Flora 55: 277. 1872.
— Pholidota convallariae var. breviscapa Deori & J.Joseph in Bull. Bot. Surv. India 20: 159.
1979.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1 Apr. 2009, S. Yasuda 060009(MBK); 2285 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8442 (AMES, K). Mindat District, township not
specified: 3050 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason 8602 (AMES, K); R. Swinhoe K 101 (K), det. E.F. de
Vogel.
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam, W Indonesia.
Pholidota imbricata Hook., Exot. Fl. 2: t. 138. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 845. 1890; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 161. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 98, fig. 56, pl. VIIIa. 1986; de Vogel in
Orchid Monogr. 3: 58, fig. 26, pl. 6a. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 352. 2002; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 86. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 207 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 336. 2009; Fl.
China Illustr. 25: figs. 463.2‒4 & 465.5−6. 2010; Suddee in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 600, fig. 324, pl.
LII.2. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 385 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 198. 2021.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Ptilocnema bracteata D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 33. 1825.
— Pholidota bracteata (D.Don) Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 100. 1986; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide
Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 207 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: May 2004, N.
Tanaka s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Himalaya, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia,
throughout Malesia to N Australia and the Pacific islands.
Pholidota pallida Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 21: t. 1777. 1836; de Vogel in Orchid Monogr. 3:
65, fig. 27, pl. 6b−c. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 353. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 86. 2003; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 337. 2009; Suddee in Fl. Thailand 12(2): 602, fig. 325. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 199. 2021.
— Pholidota calceata Rchb.f. in Bonplandia 4: 329. 1856; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 846. 1890.
— Coelogyne pallida (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 238. 1861.
— Pholidota imbricata var. sessilis Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 846. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 24 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060078(MBK); 2030-2295 m, 27 June 2009, N. Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081276 (MBK); 2300-2500 m, 7
Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025642 (MBK); 2400 m, 21 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094113(MBK). Mindat Township: 1740 m, 5 Aug. 2008, K. Fujikawa et al. 053134 (MBK).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Pholidota recurva Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 37. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 844. 1890;
Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 97, fig. 55, pl. VIId. 1986; de Vogel in Orchid Monogr. 3: 26, fig. 10.
1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 351. 2002; Suddee in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 604, fig. 326,
pl. LII.3. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 199.
2021.
— Coelogyne recurva (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 237. 1861.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 97).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, ? SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Pholidota cf. rubra Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 37. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 847. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 162. 1895; de Vogel in Orchid Monogr. 3: 48, fig. 21. 1988; Pearce &Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 351. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 86. 2003; Suddee
in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 606, fig. 327, pl. LII.4. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 199. 2021.
— Coelogyne rubra (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. (Walpers) 6: 238. 1861.

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Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2500 m, 24 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al.
029665 (MBK).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Vietnam.
Note. In March 2016 the specimen was found in the fruiting stage. It is not known to us whether
flowering material was initially available as the basis for the identification.

PINALIA Lindley
Pinalia acervata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 356.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 336.4−5. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 200. 2021.
— Eria acervata Lindl. in J. Hort. Soc. London 6: 57. 1851; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 796. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 133. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 106, fig. 61, pl. VIId. 1982; Pearce& Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 379. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 76. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 137 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1400-1600 m, 26 June 2009, N.
Tanaka & T. Yukawa 081211 (MBK); 2560 m, 22 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089193 (MBK).
Mindat Township: 1525 m, 4 June 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22319 (BM). Mindat District, townshipnot specified: 18 Mar. 2009, Kyaw Khaing 0039 (TNS).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Pinalia amica (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 357.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 336.8‒9 & 479. 2010; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 96 (incl.
colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):200. 2021.
— Eria amica Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 2: 162. 1870; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 800. 1890; Seidenf. in
Opera Bot. 62: 115, fig. 71, pl. VIIId. 1982; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 380. 2002; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 76. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 138 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 262 (incl.
colour photo). 2014.
— Eria confusa Hook.f. in Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 19: t. 1850. 1889.
— Eria andersonii Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 795. 1890.
— Pinalia confusa (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891.
— Pinalia andersonii (Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat Township: 1525 m, 26 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward22174 (BM). Mindat District, township not specified: 30 Mar. 2014, Y.D. Kim s.n., photographic
record.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Distribution. N India, Himalaya, SW China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Pinalia cf. apertiflora (Summerh.) A.N.Rao in Bull. Arunachal Forest Res. 26: 103. 2010; Aunget al. in PhytoKeys 138: 97. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 200. 2021.
— Eria apertiflora Summerh. in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1929: 9. 1929; Seidenf. in Opera Bot.
62: 123, fig. 74, pl. IXd. 1982; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 384. 2002.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: Mar. 1926, R.
Unwin BG 3 (K), det. G. Seidenfaden, ident. uncertain.
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, Thailand, Vietnam.
Pinalia bicolor (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 97.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 200. 2021.
— Eria bicolor Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 65. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 793. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 97).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, S India.
Pinalia bilobulata (Seidenf.) Schuit. et al. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186: 196. 2018; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 201. 2021.
— Eria bilobulata Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 123, fig. 76, pl. IXc. 1982; Vaddhanaphuti, Field
Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 139 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 31 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060080(MBK).
Distribution. Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
Pinalia eriopsidobulbon (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 77. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 98. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 202. 2021.
— Eria eriopsidobulbon C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 148. 1874; Hook.f.,
Fl. Brit. India 5: 796. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 138. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 113,
fig. 67, pl. IIb. 1982.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 98).
Distribution. Thailand, Vietnam.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Pinalia cf. excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 355.
2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 98. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 202. 2021.
— Eria excavata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 67. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 795. 1890;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 381, pl. 17 [bottom right]. 2002.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060053(MBK); ca. 1900-2100 m, 23 May 2004, N. Tanaka et al. 031148 (MBK); 2040 m, 19 May 2012,
K. Fujikawa et al. 089046 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper
6088 (E); 13 May 2007, Kyaw Khaing s.n. (TNS).
Distribution. Nepal, Bhutan, NE India, SW China.
Pinalia lineoligera (Rchb.f.) Ormerod in Taiwania 57: 124. 2012; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
98. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 203. 2021.
— Eria lineoligera Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 24: 262. 1885; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 109,
fig. 63. 1982.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 13 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060052(MBK).
Distribution. Thailand.
Pinalia myristiciformis (Hook.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 98. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 203. 2021.
— Eria myristiciformis Hook. in Bot. Mag. 89: t. 5415. 1863; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 797. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 143. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 108, fig. 62, pl. VIIIa. 1982; Kresset al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 77. 2003 [as myristicaeformis]; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide
Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 143 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060034(MBK).
Distribution. Thailand.
Pinalia ovata (Lindl.) W.Suarez & Cootes in OrchideenJ. 16: 71. 2009; Chen et al. in Fl. China
25: 354. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 98. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 204.
2021.
— Eria ovata Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 30: t. 29. 1844.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 98).
Distribution. Taiwan, S Japan, W Malesia.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Pinalia spicata (D.Don) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood in Fl. China 25: 354. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25:
fig. 475.4−6. 2010; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 98. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1):205. 2021.
— Octomeria spicata D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 31. 1825.
— Eria convallarioides Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 70. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 791. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 136. 1895.
— Eria spicata (D.Don) Hand.-Mazz. in Symb. Sin. 7: 1353. 1936; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 126,
fig. 78. 1982; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 383, pl. 18 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 78. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed.
4: 146 (incl. colour photo). 2005.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 21 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060073(MBK); 4 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060086 (MBK). Mindat Township: ca. 2500 m, 24 June 2009, N.
Tanaka et al. 081135 (MBK). Matupi Township: 2050 m, 15 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092511(MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, Bhutan, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

PLEIONE D.Don
Pleione humilis (Sm.) D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 37. 1825; Cribb & Butterfield, The genus Pleione:
74, figs. 27−28, pl. 7. 1999; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 357. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 86. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 329. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofMyanmar: 386 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 97 (incl. colour
photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 99. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 209.
2021.
— Epidendrum humile Sm., Exot. Bot. 2: 75. 1805.
— Coelogyne humilis (Sm.) Lindl., Coll. Bot.: t. 37. 1826; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 840. 1890.
— Pleione diantha Schltr. in Orchis 9: 44. 1915.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 12 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060038(MBK); 2300-2500 m, 7 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025653 (MBK). Mindat District, townshipnot specified: 9 Aug. 2016, Thet Yu Nwe TY 5 (RAF) [sterile].
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, SW China.
Pleione × kingdonwardii P.J.Cribb & Butterf. in Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 34 (2): 137. 2017 (P.
humilis × ? P. bulbocodioides); Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 209. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 6 Mar. 2016, cult.
Butterfield s.n., Kew Spirit Collection no. 2 (holotype: K); 7 Apr. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21966
(BM).

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2Distribution. Endemic to Natma Taung.
Pleione maculata (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton in Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 2: 5. 1851; Seidenf. in Opera Bot.
89: 77, fig. 40, pl. 5C. 1986; Cribb & Butterfield, The genus Pleione: 36, figs. 1−4, pl. 1. 1999;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 357, pl. 16 [top-right]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl.
Herb. 45: 87. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 208 (incl. colour
photos). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 327. 2009; Suddee & Cribb in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 610,
fig. 329, pl. LIII.1. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 387 (incl. colour photo). 2014;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 99. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 209. 2021.
— Coelogyne maculata Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 43. 1830; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 841. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 176. 1895.
— Coelogyne arthuriana Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 15: 40. 1881.
— Coelogyne maculata var. arthuriana (Rchb.f.) H.J.Veitch, Man. Orch. Pl. 6: 57. 1890.
— Pleione maculata var. arthuriana (Rchb.f.) Rolfe in Orchid Rev. 11: 290. 1903.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: above 2440 m,
Dec 2005, Saw Lwin SL s.n. (SING).
Distribution. Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand.
Pleione praecox (Sm.) D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 37. 1825; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 166. 1895;
Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 77, fig. 41, pl. Vd. 1986; Cribb & Butterfield, The genus Pleione: 44,
figs. 5−9, pl. 2. 1999; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 358. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 87. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 208 (incl.
colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 327. 2009; Suddee & Cribb in Fl. Thailand 12 (2):611, fig. 330, pl. LIII.2. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 388 (incl. colour photo).
2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 100. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 210. 2021.
— Epidendrum praecox Sm., Exot. Bot. 2: 73. 1805.
— Coelogyne praecox (Sm.) Lindl., Coll. Bot.: t. 37. 1826; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 840. 1890.
— Coelogyne wallichiana Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 43. 1830.
— Pleione wallichiana (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton in Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 2: 66. 1851.
— Coelogyne reichenbachiana T.Moore & Veitch in Gard. Chron. 1868: 1210. 1868; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 5: 841. 1890.
— Coelogyne birmanica Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 18: 840. 1882.
— Pleione reichenbachiana (T.Moore & Veitch) H.J.Veitch, Man. Orch. Pl. 6: 53. 1890; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 168. 1895.
— Pleione birmanica (Rchb.f.) Stein, Orchid.-Buch: 521. 1892.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 14 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 060013(MBK); ca. 2286 m, 13 Nov. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087819 (MBK); 2300-2500 m, 7 Dec. 2002, J.
Murata et al. 025646 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1450 m, 23 Oct. 1956, cult.
ex F. Kingdon-Ward 22739 (BM), det. P.F. Hunt; cult. Goteborg Bot. Gard. ex Alsterlund s.n. (?
GB, not located).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

PORPAX LindleyPorpax dickasonii (Ormerod) Schuit. et al. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186: 199. 2018; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 100. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 214. 2021.
— Conchidium dickasonii Ormerod in Taiwania 57: 117. 2012.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1500 m, 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda
060032 (MBK), ident. uncertain; 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060041 (MBK).
Distribution. Endemic to the Chin Hills.
Porpax lanii Seidenf. in Nordic J. Bot. 1: 206. 1981; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 120, fig. 69, pl.
Xa. 1986; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 211 (incl. colour photo).
2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 394 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 215. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 22 May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al.
089194 (MBK).
Distribution. Thailand, Vietnam.
Porpax parviflorum (D.Don) Ormerod & Kurzweil in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 215. 2021.
— Dendrobium parviflorum D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 34. 1825.
— Dendrobium muscicola Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 75. 1830.
— Eria muscicola (Lindl.) Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 47. 1859. Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5:789. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 142. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 32, fig. 14, pl. IIb.
1982; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 370. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45:
77. 2003.
— Pinalia muscicola (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891.
— Conchidium muscicola (Lindl.) Rauschert in Feddes Repert. 94: 444. 1983; Chen et al. in Fl.
China 25: 347. 2009; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 65 (incl. colour photos). 2017.
— Porpax muscicola (Lindl.) Schuit. et al. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186: 200. 2018; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 100. 2020.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Kang et al.
(2017: 65); 9 Aug. 2016, Y.D. Kim s.n., photographic record.
Distribution. India, Himalaya, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia.
Note. Well-known as Conchidium muscicola or Porpax muscicola. However, being older the name
Porpax parviflorum has priority.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

RENANTHERA Loureiro
Renanthera imschootiana Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1891: 200. 1891; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 87. 2003; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 451. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild
Orchids of Myanmar: 395 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 101. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 217. 2021.
— Renanthera papilio King & Prain in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 64: 328. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 18 Apr. 2012, Law Shine 088433(MBK). Mindat Township: 1145 m, 1 May 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22182 (BM); 1065 m, 1 May
1956, Maung Gale-2 5494 (RAF).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

RHYNCHOSTYLIS Blume
Rhynchostylis gigantea (Lindl.) Ridl. in J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32: 356. 1896; Seidenf. in Opera Bot.
95: 217, fig. 135, pl. XXIIId. 1988; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 87. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 214 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 475. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 396 (incl. colour
photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 101. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 218.
2021.
— Saccolabium giganteum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 221. 1833.
— Vanda densiflora Lindl. in Paxton’s Fl. Gard. 2: 21. 1851; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 53. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 253. 1895.
— Gastrochilus giganteus (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 661. 1891.
— Anota densiflora (Lindl.) Schltr., Orchideen Beschreib. Kult. Zücht.: 587. 1914.
— Anota gigantea (Lindl.) Fukuy. in Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 34: 111. 1944.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: fide Aung et al.
(2020: 101).
Distribution. S China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, W Malesia.
Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 286. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 32.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 290. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 214, fig. 133, pl. XXIIIb.
1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 552, fig. 124, pl. 30 [bottom-right]. 2002; Kress et al. inContr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 87. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4:215 (incl. colour photos). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 474. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig.
613.3−4. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 397−398 (incl. colour photos). 2014; Aunget al. in PhytoKeys 138: 101. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 218. 2021.
— Epidendrum retusum L., Sp. Pl.: 953. 1753.
— Aerides retusa (L.) Sw. in J. Bot. (Schrader) 2: 233. 1800.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Sarcanthus guttatus Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 17: t. 1443. 1831.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 29 May 2008, S. Yasuda 060047(MBK); 060054 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Andaman and Nicobar
Islands, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, W Indonesia, Philippines.

SATYRIUM Swartz
Satyrium nepalense D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 26. 1825; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 168. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 373. 1895; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 193. 2002; Kress et al.
in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 88. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 165. 2009; Nyan Tun, Wild
Orchids of Myanmar: 402 (incl. colour photo). 2014 [as S. ciliatum Lindl.]; Kang et al., Seed Pl.
Natma Taung: 98 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 102. 2020; Ormerod et
al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 221. 2021.
var. nepalense
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025421(MBK); 4 Dec. 2005, Ling Shein Man 003 (MBK, TI); 2 Aug. 2007, Ling Shein Man 055326(MBK); 24 May 2008, M. Matsumoto 080988 (MBK); 16 Nov. 2012, Law Shine 091644 (MBK);
1150-1200 m, 6 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025621 (MBK); ca. 1676 m, 4 Nov. 2002, Ling Shein
Man & Cho Cho Win 024422 (MBK); ca. 1750 m, 23 Oct. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087653 (MBK);
ca. 1750-2000 m, 1 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025112 (MBK, TI); 1816 m, 15 Feb. 2007, K.
Fujikawa et al. 051014 (MBK); ca. 1945 m, 4 Dec. 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 090067 (MBK);
090530 (MBK); 2270 m, 12 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 053639 (MBK); 2400 m, 21 Aug. 2013, K.
Fujikawa et al. 094148 (MBK); 2680-3053 m, 27 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094527 (MBK);
2800 m, 13 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 053615 (MBK); 3000 m, 13 Aug. 2008, K. Fujikawa et al.
053481 (MBK); ca. 3000 m, 29 Oct. 2011, Ling Shein Man 087765 (MBK); 3016 m, 17 Feb. 2007,
K. Fujikawa et al. 051036 (MBK); 1830 m, 30 Aug. 1956, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5719
(RAF). Mindat Township: 13 Dec. 2011, Law Shine 088396 (MBK); 2355 m, 9 Sep. 2011, H.
Funakoshi et al. 085234 (MBK); 2450-2545 m, 31 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094770 (MBK);
2550 m, 1 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094855 (MBK); 1430 m, 19 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward21819 (BM); 1450 m, 22 Oct. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22738 (BM). Mindat District, township not
specified: 2590 m, 9 Nov 1962, Maung Gale 9164 (E); 2000 m, 14 Aug. 2016, Thet Yu Nwe TY 62(RAF).
Distribution. Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bhutan, N Thailand, SW China.
var. ciliatum (Lindl.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 168. 1890; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
195, fig. 48, pl. 6 [bottom-left]. 2002; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 166. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25:
fig. 225.1‒16. 2010; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 221. 2021.
— Satyrium ciliatum Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 341. 1838.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 2135 m, 2 Sep.
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22655 (BM); 2590 m, 26 Oct. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22766 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Himalayas, S and SW China.

SPATHOGLOTTIS Blume
Spathoglottis pubescens Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 120. 1831; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 814.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 191. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 60, fig. 29. 1986; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 88. 2003; Chen & Bell in Fl. China 25: 288. 2009; Fl. China
Illustr. 25: fig. 413.3−4. 2010; Kurzweil in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 630, fig. 341, pl. LIV.4. 2014; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 408 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
102. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 224. 2021.
— Spathoglottis khasyana Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 323. 1851.
— Spathoglottis bensoni Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 814. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 189. 1895;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 88. 2003.
— Spathoglottis pubescens var. berkleyi Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 814. 1890; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 191. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Sep. 2002, Ling Shein Man & Cho
Cho Win 024419 (MBK, TI); 2006, Ling Shein Man 052210 (MBK); 700 m, 10 Sep. 2011, H.
Funakoshi et al. 085272 (MBK); 750-1200 m, 5 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al. 025578 (MBK); 1200m, 21 Oct. 2008, Om Ling Htang 053641 (MBK); 1500 m, 2 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 053622 (MBK);
1740 m, 15 Sep. 1956, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5859 (RAF). Mindat Township: 1450 m, 16Aug. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22567 (BM).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Bangladesh, China, Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Laos,
Vietnam, Cambodia.

SPIRANTHES Richard
Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames, Orchidaceae 2: 53. 1908; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2):105, fig. 65. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 116, fig. 29, pl. 5 [top-right]. 2002; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 88. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 85. 2009; Fl. China Illustr.
25: figs. 123 & 129.7−9. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 267, fig. 156, pl. XXII.2. 2011;
Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 99 (incl. colour photos). 2017; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138:
102. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 225. 2021.
— Neottia sinensis Pers., Syn. Pl. 2: 511. 1807.
— Spiranthes flexuosa (Sm.) Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 10: sub t. 823. 1824.
— Spiranthes australis (R.Br.) Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 10: sub t. 823. 1824; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:102. 1890.
— Spiranthes himalayensis Survesw. et al. in PhytoKeys 89: 118. 2017.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 13 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 053617(MBK); 2270 m, 10 Oct. 2008, S. Yasuda 053629 (MBK); 2680 m, 22 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et
al. 094255 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2450-2545 m, 31 Aug. 2013, K. Fujikawa et al. 094723(MBK). Matupi Township: 2550 m, 23 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung & Law Shine 092697 (MBK).
Mindat District, township not specified: 1830 m, 28 Aug. 1956, Mg Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5720
(RAF), det. herbarium DD; 1525-1830 m, 1 Sep. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22656 (BM); 2440-2590
m, 12 Nov. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22848 (BM, K); 14 Aug. 2016, Thet Yu Nwe TY 69 (RAF).
Distribution. Throughout temperate, subtropical and tropical Asia ranging to the SW Pacific
Ocean islands; Australia, New Zealand, Middle East, E Europe.

STRONGYLERIA (Pfitzer) Schuiteman et al.
Strongyleria pannea (Lindl.) Schuit. et al. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186: 201. 2018; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 102. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 226. 2021.
— Eria pannea Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 28 (Misc.): 64. 1842; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 804.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 144. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 45, fig. 20, pl. IIIb. 1982;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 374. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 77. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 144 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan
Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 272 (incl. colour photo). 2014.
— Eria teretifolia Griff., Itin. Pl. Khasyah Mts.: 202. 1848.
— Eria calamifolia Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 191. 1890; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45:
76. 2003.
— Pinalia pannea (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891.
— Mycaranthes pannea (Lindl.) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood in Fl. China 25: 348. 2009; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 91. 2020.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 17 May 2007, N. Tanaka et al. 051126(MBK, TNS); 051127 (MBK); 1552 m, 26 Feb. 2007, K. Fujikawa 050121 (MBK); 1750 m, 26 Apr.
2003, J. Murata et al. 029704 (MBK). Mindat Township: 1220-1525 m, 11 May 1956, F. KingdonWard 22218 (BM), det. Alsterlund; 1370 m, 18 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21818 (BM), det.
Alsterlund; 1525 m, Apr. 1956, Maung Gale-2 & Chit Ko Ko 5560 (RAF). Mindat District,township not specified: 1924, R.E. Cooper 6087 (E, SING).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, S and SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia,
Malaysia, W Indonesia.

THELASIS Blume
Thelasis khasiana Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 87. 1890; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 159, fig. 102, pl.
XIVc. 1986; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 229 (incl. colour
photo). 2005; Chen & Wood in Fl. China 25: 366. 2009; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 103. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 228. 2021.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2— Thelasis pygmaea (Griff.) Blume var. khasiana (Hook.f.) Schltr. in Mém. Herb. Boissier 8 (21):71. 1900.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 1525 m, 18 July
1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22504 (BM).
Distribution. NE India, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.

THUNIA H.G.Reichenbach
Thunia alba (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 764. 1852; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89:
14, fig. 2, pl. Ic. 1986; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 206. 1895; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan:
321, fig. 77a−l, pl. 12 [top-right]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 89. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 234 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 315. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 447.4−6. 2010; Suddee in Fl.
Thailand 12 (2): 654, fig. 353, pl. LVI.3. 2014; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 423−425(incl. colour photos). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 103. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa
481 (1): 230. 2021.
var. alba— Phaius albus Lindl. in N.Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 2: 85. 1831; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 818.
1890 [as Phajus].
— Thunia marshalliana Rchb.f. in Linnaea 41: 65. 1877.
— ? Thunia candidissima Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., ser. 3, 4: 34. 1888.
— Phaius marshallianus (Rchb.f.) N.E.Br. in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1889: 101. 1889.
— Thunia alba var. marshalliana (Rchb.f.) B.Grant, Orchids of Burma: 207. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 8 June 2008, S. Yasuda 060102(MBK); 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060048 (MBK); 060049 (MBK). Mindat Township: 2200 m, 24
May 2012, K. Fujikawa et al. 089202 (MBK). Mindat District, township not specified: 1924, R.E.
Cooper 6068 (E); 1220-1370 m, 6 June 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 22320 (BM).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam, Peninsular
Malaysia.
Note. Var. bracteata (Roxb.) N.Pearce & P.J.Cribb differs by lacking a yellow patch on the lip. It
has not been recorded in the Natma Taung area as yet.
Thunia bensoniae Hook.f. in Bot. Mag. 94: t. 5694. 1868; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 89: 12, pl. 1b.
1986; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 89. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 235 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Suddee in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 655, pl.
LVI.5. 2015; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 426 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 103. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 230. 2021.
— Phaius bensoniae (Hook.f.) Hemsl. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 18: 565. 1882.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Phaius albus var. bensoniae (Hook.f.) Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 5: 818. 1890.
— Thunia winniana L.Linden, Lindenia 8: 43. 1894.
— Thunia alba var. bensoniae (Hook.f.) B.Grant, Orchids of Burma: 208. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Matupi Township: 1180 m, 20 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al.
092604 (MBK).
Distribution. NE India, Thailand.

THUNIOPSIS L.Li et al.
Thuniopsis subsessilis (Rolfe) Ormerod et al. in Gard. Bull. Singapore 72 (1): 104. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 231. 2021.
— Arundina subsessilis Rolfe in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1914: 374. 1914.
— Dilochia subsessilis (Rolfe) S.Thomas in Kew Bull. 48: 401. 1993; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 76. 2003; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 83. 2020.
— ? Thunia cleistogama D.P.Ye & H.Jiang, The wild orchids in Yunnan: 248. 2010, nom. nud.
— ? Thuniopsis cleistogama L.Li et al. in PLoS ONE 10 (8): 12. 2015; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 103. 2020.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 6 Aug. 2016, Y.D. Kim s.n.,photographic record.
Distribution. ? SW China.
Note. It has been shown that the long-lost Myanmar endemic Arundina subsessilis belongs to therecently described Chinese genus Thuniopsis, and is very similar to or conspecific with T.
cleistogama (Kurzweil et al. 2020).

TRICHOTOSIA Blume
Trichotosia dasyphylla (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV,
50, II, B, 21: 138. 1911; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 62: 12, figs. 1−2, pl. Ia. 1982; Pearce & Cribb,
Orchids of Bhutan: 390, fig. 91. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 89. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 239 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chenet al. in Fl. China 25: 358. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 481. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids ofMyanmar: 431 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 104. 2020; Ormerod et al.
in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 234. 2021.
— Eria dasyphylla C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 147. 1874; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 5: 808. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 136. 1895.
— Pinalia dasyphylla (C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679. 1891.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 26 July 2008, S. Yasuda 060079

95

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2(MBK). Matupi Township: 1760 m, 11 July 2013, Mu Mu Aung et al. 092415 (MBK).
Distribution. Nepal, NE India, SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.

TROPIDIA Lindley
Tropidia angulosa (Lindl.) Blume, Coll. Orchid.: 122. 1859; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 92. 1890;
Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 108, fig. 67. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 71, fig.
17. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 89. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 195.
2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 259.1−3 & 260. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (2): 659, fig.
355. 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 104. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 235.
2021.
— Cnemidia angulosa Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 19: sub t. 1618. 1833.
— Cnemidia semilibera Lindl. in Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 19: sub t. 1618. 1833; Grant, Orchids of
Burma: 356. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 750-1375 m, 6 Sep. 2013, K. Fujikawa
et al. 095066 (MBK).
Distribution. India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, S and SW China, Taiwan, Andaman Islands, Thailand,
Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, W Indonesia, Philippines.
Tropidia curculigoides Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 497. 1840; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 93.
1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 367. 1895; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 110, fig. 68. 1978;
Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 73. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 89. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 241 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chenet al. in Fl. China 25: 195. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 259.4−5. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand
12 (2): 661, fig. 356. 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 100 (incl. colour photos). 2017;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 104. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 235. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Mindat District, township not specified: 26 July 2015, Y.D.
Kim s.n., photographic record; fide Kang et al. (2017: 100).
Distribution. India, Himalaya, S and SW China, Taiwan, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia,
Malaysia, Indonesia to N Australia and New Caledonia.

VANDA R.Brown
Vanda ampullacea (Roxb.) L.M.Gardiner in Phytotaxa 61 (1): 48. 2012; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys
138: 104. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 236. 2021.
— Aerides ampullacea Roxb., Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 476. 1832.
— Saccolabium ampullaceum (Roxb.) Lindl., Sert. Orchid.: t. 17. 1838; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
64. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 277. 1895.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

— Gastrochilus ampullaceus (Roxb.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 661. 1891.
— Ascocentrum ampullaceum (Roxb.) Schltr. in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 1: 975.
1913; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 314, fig. 205, pl. XXXVId. 1988; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 498, fig. 109, pl. 27 [top-right]. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 65. 2003;
Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 14 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen
& Wood in Fl. China 25: 502. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 617.5. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchidsof Myanmar: 30 (incl. colour photos). 2014.
— Ascocentrum ampullaceum var. aurantiacum Pradhan, Indian Orchids: Guide Identif. & Cult.
2: 561. 1979.
— Saccolabium ampullaceum var. moulmeinense B.S.Williams, Orch.-Grow. Man., ed. 4: 257.
1871; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 277. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 9 Aug. 2008, S. Yasuda 060014(MBK).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Andaman Islands, Thailand, Laos,
Vietnam.
Vanda bensonii Bateman in Bot. Mag. 92: t. 5611. 1866; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 51. 1890;
Grant, Orchids of Burma: 249. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 197, fig. 121, pl. XXd. 1988;
Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 89. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids ofThailand, ed. 4: 242 (incl. colour photo). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 438−442(incl. colour photos). 2014; Kang et al., Seed Pl. Natma Taung: 101 (incl. colour photos). 2017;
Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 104. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 236. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1790 m, 26 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et al.
029705 (MBK), ident. uncertain; ca. 2300-2450 m, 4 June 2002, N. Tanaka et al. 023277 (MBK),
ident. uncertain. Mindat Township: 1370 m, 12 Mar. 1956, F. Kingdon-Ward 21803 (BM); 1525 m,
May 1956, Maung Gale-2 5493 (RAF), ident. uncertain.
Distribution. NE India, Thailand.
Vanda coerulescens Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 352. 1851; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 50. 1890; Grant,
Orchids of Burma: 251. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 208, fig. 130, pl. XXIIc. 1988; Kress etal. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 90. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand,ed. 4: 243 (incl. colour photos). 2005; Chen & Bell in Fl. China 25: 473. 2009; Fl. China Illustr.
25: fig. 616.1−2. 2010; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar: 449 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aunget al. in PhytoKeys 138: 104. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 238. 2021.
— Vanda caerulescens Lindl. in J. Hort. Soc. London 6: viii. 1851, orth. var.
— Vanda coerulescens var. lowiana Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron., n.s., 8: 102. 1877.
— ? Vanda parviflora var. albiflora Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 50. 1890.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 790 m, 27 Apr. 2003, J. Murata et
al. 029721 (MBK).
Distribution. E Himalaya, NE India, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand.

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Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Vanda denisoniana Benson & Rchb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1869: 528. 1869; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
51. 1890; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 252. 1895; Seidenf. in Opera Bot. 95: 198, fig. 122, pl. XXIa.
1988; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 90. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild
Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 243 (incl. colour photos). 2005; Nyan Tun, Wild Orchids of Myanmar:
450 (incl. colour photo). 2014; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 105. 2020; Ormerod et al. in
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 239. 2021.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: ca. 1680-1315 m, 22 May 2004, N.
Tanaka et al. 031040 (MBK).
Distribution. SW China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam.
? Vanda stangeana Rchb.f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 16: 351. 1858; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 54.
1890.
Distribution. NE India.
Note. This species, a native of Assam and the E Himalaya, is listed here because of a literaturereference in Kingdon-Ward’s account of the flora and vegetation of Mt. Victoria (Kingdon-Ward
1959: 60). We do not know whether a specimen exists which would enable us to check thisidentification.

ZEUXINE Lindley, nom. cons.
Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 108. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot.
Ark. 32 (2): 88, fig. 55. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 110. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr.
U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 90. 2003; Vaddhanaphuti, Field Guide Wild Orchids of Thailand, ed. 4: 247(incl. colour photo). 2005; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 75. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: figs. 99.8−10& 108. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 283, fig. 165, pl. XXIV.1. 2011; Aung et al. in
PhytoKeys 138: 105. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 242. 2021.
— Monochilus affinis Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 487. 1840; Grant, Orchids of Burma: 358.
1895.
— Hetaeria mollis Lindl. in J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 1: 184. 1857 [as Ætheria mollis].
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 20 Jan. 2013, Law Shine 096457(MBK); 28 Feb. 2013, M. Matsumoto 091232 (MBK); 1200 m, 10 Feb. 2013, Ling Shein Man
096277 (MBK); 1371 m, 15 Jan. 2012, Ling Shein Man 088229 (MBK); 1465 m, 28 Feb. 2013, S.
Sangvirotjanaphat et al. 091142 (MBK); 1575 m, 24 Feb. 2014, P. Srisanga et al. 097295 (MBK);
1816 m, 15 Feb. 2007, K. Fujikawa et al. 051014A (MBK); 2000 m, 26 Dec. 2012, Ling Shein Man
096022 (MBK). Mindat Township: 18 Apr. 2012, Law Shine 088403 (MBK); 1430 m, 8 Mar. 1956,
F. Kingdon-Ward 21758 (BM), det. Alsterlund.
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, S and SW China, Taiwan, Japan, Andaman
Islands, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia.

Enumeration of Orchidaceae Juss.

Zeuxine flava (Wall. ex Lindl.) Trimen, Syst. Cat. Fl. Pl. Ceylon: 90. 1885; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India
6: 108. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 84, fig. 52. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of
Bhutan: 111, fig. 28. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 45: 90. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl.
China 25: 74. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 104. 2010; Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 288, fig.
168, pl. XXIV.3. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 105. 2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481(1): 243. 2021.
— Monochilus flavus Wall. ex Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 487. 1840; Grant, Orchids of Burma:
358. 1895.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 2285 m, Apr. 1939, F.G. Dickason
8448 (AMES, K).
Distribution. N India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, SW China, Thailand, Vietnam.
Zeuxine longilabris (Lindl.) Trimen, Syst. Cat. Fl. Pl. Ceylon: 90. 1885; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 6:
107. 1890; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark. 32 (2): 91, fig. 57. 1978; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 105.
2020; Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 243. 2021.
— Monochilus longilabris Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 487. 1840.
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 850 m, 4 Dec. 2002, J. Murata et al.
025539 (MBK).
Distribution. Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Thailand, Cambodia.
Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45: 394. 1911; Seidenf. in Dansk Bot. Ark.
32 (2): 79, fig. 48. 1978; Pearce & Cribb, Orchids of Bhutan: 115. 2002; Kress et al. in Contr. U.S.
Natl. Herb. 45: 90. 2003; Chen et al. in Fl. China 25: 72. 2009; Fl. China Illustr. 25: fig. 101. 2010;
Pedersen in Fl. Thailand 12 (1): 297, fig. 173. 2011; Aung et al. in PhytoKeys 138: 105. 2020;
Ormerod et al. in Phytotaxa 481 (1): 244. 2021.
— Orchis strateumatica L., Sp. Pl.: 943. 1753.
— Neottia strateumatica (L.) R.Br., Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland.: 319. 1810, nom. inval.; Hook.f., Fl.
Brit. India 6: 103. 1890.
— Zeuxine sulcata (Roxb.) Lindl. ex Wight, Cat. Ind. Pl.: 123. 1836 [not seen].
Specimens examined. CHIN STATE. Kanpetlet Township: 1650 m, 5 Nov. 2008, S. Yasuda
053668 (MBK).
Distribution. Very widespread from the Middle East throughout tropical and extratropical Asia;
naturalised in Hawaii, USA and the Caribbean.

99

100

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Acknowledgements
The first two authors, HK and SW, are most grateful to Makino Botanical Garden (Japan) for
providing funding to visit their herbarium MBK in order to examine and identify the vast
collection of Myanmar orchids. The herbarium staff, and particularly Drs. Kazumi Fujikawa andYumiko Baba, are thanked for their hospitality and help in many ways during these visits. SW
visited the study area Natma Taung several times as a member of Makino Botanical Garden-led
expeditions, which was made possible by financial support from the organisers. We are also
grateful to Dr. Bhakta Bahadur Raskoti for providing information on Herminium species. HK
would also like to thank his Myanmar colleagues Drs. Saw Lwin and Thet Yu Nwe for their help
during a fieldtrip to the area in August 2016.

References
Aung, Y.L., Mu, A.T., Aung, M.H., Liu, Q. & Jin, X.H. 2020. An annotated checklist of Myanmar
orchid flora. PhytoKeys 138: 49–112.
Fujikawa, K., Kuroiwa, N., Maeda, A., Gale, S., Ngai, S.G. & Din, A. 2008. A guide to the forestsof Natma Taung National Park, Myanmar. The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden,
Kochi, Japan.
Fujikawa, K., Srisanga, P., Watthana, S., Mane, L.S., Shine, L., Soe, T.M. & Ngai, S.G. 2015. 100
Wild Flowers of Natma Taung. The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Kochi,
Japan, and Forest Department, Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry,
Myanmar.
Kang, D.H., Lee, J.H., Ong, H.G., Shein Man Ling & Kim, Y.D. 2017. Seed plants of NatmaTaung National Park, Myanmar. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea.
Kingdon-Ward, F. 1959. A sketch of the flora and vegetation of Mt. Victoria, Burma. Acta Hort.
Gotob. 22: 53−74.
Kurzweil, H., Ormerod, P. & Schuiteman, A. 2020. The long-lost Myanmar endemic Arundina
subsessilis (Orchidaceae) found congeneric with the recently described Chinese Thuniopsis
cleistogama. Gard. Bull. Singapore 72 (1): 97–107.
Liu, Q., Zhou, S.S., Li, R., Tan, Y.H., Myint Zyaw, Xing, X.K. & Gao, J.Y. 2020. Notes on thegenus Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae) in Myanmar. PhytoKeys 138: 113–123.
Ormerod, O., Kurzweil, H. & Watthana, S. 2021. Annotated List of Orchidaceae for Myanmar.
Phytotaxa 481 (1): 1–262.
Raskoti, B.B., Schuiteman, A., Jin, W.T. & Jin, X.H. 2017. A taxonomic revision of Herminium L.
(Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae). PhytoKeys 79: 1–74.
Seidenfaden, G. 1977. Orchid genera in Thailand V. Orchidoideae. Dansk Bot. Ark. 31 (3): 1–149.
Tanaka, N. 2005. Plant inventory research: contributions to the flora of Myanmar. Acta Phytotax.
Geobot. 56: 21–26.
Wood, H.P. 2006. The dendrobiums. Timber Press, Portland.

PlatesRenanthera imschootiana Rolfe (May 19, 2014, photo by Santi Watthana)

102

B

A

C

D

E

A. Ania viridifusca (Hook.) Tang & W.T.Wang ex Summerh. (Mar. 14, 2014, photo by M. Rodda).
B. Arachnis clarkei (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm. (Feb. 16, 2012).
C. Bulbophyllum lobbii Lindl. (July 18, 2014).
D. Bulbophyllum secundum Hook.f. (May 24, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).
E. Bulbophyllum pectinatum Finet (July 18, 2014).

Plate 1

103

A

C

B

D

E

A & B. Bulbophyllum sunipia J.J.Verm., Schuit. & de Vogel (May 20, 2012, photos by S. Watthana).
C. Cephalanthera damasonium (Mill.) Druce (May 24, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).
D & E. Coelogyne corymbosa Lindl. (May 19, 2014 & May 26, 2012, photos by S. Watthana).

Plate 2

104

A

B

C

D
A & B. Coelogyne micrantha Lindl. (May 24, 2012, photos by S. Watthana).
C & D. Coelogyne prolifera Lindl. (May 24, 2012, photos by S. Watthana).

Plate 3

105

B

A

D

C

E

A & B. Crepidium acuminatum (D.Don) Szlach. (May 19, 2014, photos by S. Watthana).
C. Cymbidium ensifolium (L.) Sw. (June 15, 2012). D. Dendrobium bellatulum Rolfe (Nov. 16, 2011).
E. Dendrobium bensoniae Rchb.f. (May 19, 2014, photo by S. Watthana).

Plate 4

106

A

B

C

D

E

F

A. Dendrobium cf. chrysanthum Wall. ex Lindl. (May 6, 2007).
B. Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl. (Apr. 23, 2007).
C. Dendrobium crystallinum Rchb.f. (May 24, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).
D. Dendrobium denudans D.Don (Sep. 29, 2015).
E. Dendrobium dickasonii L.O.Williams (May 24, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).
F. Dendrobium heterocarpum Wall. ex Lindl. (Feb. 1, 2017).

Plate 5

107

A

B

C

D

A. Dendrobium infundibulum Lindl. (May 24, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).
B. Dendrobium laterale L.O.Williams (May 24, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).
C. Dendrobium porphyrochilum Lindl. (May 29, 2014, photo by S. Watthana).
D. Dendrobium primulinum Lindl. (Mar. 4, 2010).

Plate 6

108

A

B

D

C

E

A. Dendrobium pulchellum Roxb. ex Lindl. (June 24, 2008).
B. Diploprora truncata Rolfe ex Downie (Mar. 9, 2014, photo by M. Rodda).
C & D. Eulophia nuda Lindl. (May 27, 2014, photos by S. Watthana).
E. Gastrochilus distichus (Lindl.) Kuntze (Feb. 18, 2012).

Plate 7

109

A
B

C

D

E

A. Habenaria dentata (Sw.) Schltr. (Nov. 20, 2008).
B. Habenaria yuana Tang & F.T.Wang (Sep. 24, 2013).
C. Herminium kamengense A.N.Rao (Aug. 10, 2016, photo by H. Kurzweil).
D. Holcoglossum amesianum (Rchb.f.) Christenson (Feb. 21, 2012).
E. Liparis odorata (Willd.) Lindl. (Aug. 13, 2016, photo by H. Kurzweil).

Plate 8

110

A

B

C

D

E

A. Malaxis cylindrostachya (Lindl.) Kuntze (Aug. 14, 2016, photo by H. Kurzweil).
B. Otochilus albus Lindl. (May 24, 2012).
C. Papilionanthe vandarum (Rchb.f.) Garay (Mar. 6, 2014, photo by M. Rodda).
D. Phalaenopsis hygrochila J.M.H.Shaw (May 19, 2014, photo by S. Watthana).
E. Pholidota articulata Lindl. (May 19, 2014, photo by S. Watthana).

Plate 9

111

B

A

D

C

E

A & B. Pholidota pallida Lindl. (Aug. 10, 2016, photos by H. Kurzweil).
C. Pinalia acervata (Lindl.) Kuntze (May 22, 2014, photo by S. Watthana).
D & E. Pinalia spicata (D.Don) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood (Aug. 9, 2016, photos by H. Kurzweil).

Plate 10

112

A

D

B

C

E

A. Pleione humilis (Sm.) D.Don (Feb. 18, 2012).
B. Porpax lanii Seidenf. (May 19, 2014, photo by S. Watthana).
C. Renanthera imschootiana Rolfe (May 23, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).
D. Strongyleria pannea (Lindl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen (May 19, 2014, photo by S. Watthana).
E. Thunia alba (Lindl.) Rchb.f. (May 22, 2012).

Plate 11

113

Index

I n d e x
Italics are used for synonyms. Numbers in boldface type refer to plates.

A

Arundina bambusifolia

13

Arundina chinensis

13
13

ACAMPE

9Arundina graminifolia

Acampe dentata

9

Arundina subsessilis

95

Acampe ochracea

9

Ascocentrum ampullaceum

97

ACANTHEPHIPPIUM

9

Ascocentrum ampullaceum var. aurantiacum

97

Acanthephippium striatum

9

Ascotainia angustifolia

10

Aceras angustifolium

63

Ascotainia hennisiana

10

Aclinia sp.

43

Ascotainia viridifusca

10

ACRIOPSIS

9

Acriopsis indica

9

AERIDES

10

Aerides ampullacea

B
Bletia graminifolia

13

96

Bolborchis crociformis

70

Aerides biswasiana

76

BRACHYCORYTHIS

13

Aerides difformis

80

Brachycorythis acuta

13

Aerides retusa

90

Brachycorythis cf. helferi

14

Aerides vandarum

77

Brachycorythis galeandra

14

ANIA

10

Brachycorythis obovalis

13

Ania angustifolia

10

BULBOPHYLLUM

14

Ania viridifusca

10, 102

Bulbophyllum alopecurus

22

Bulbophyllum angusteellipticum

16

Anisopetalum careyanum

15

ANOECTOCHILUS

11

Bulbophyllum bifurcatoflorens

19

Anoectochilus albolineatus

11

Bulbophyllum careyanum

14

Anota densiflora

90

Bulbophyllum careyanum var. ochracea

15

Anota gigantea

90

Bulbophyllum cf. refractum

18

ANTHOGONIUM

11

Bulbophyllum congestum

17

Anthogonium gracile

11

Bulbophyllum dickasonii

15

Anthogonium griffithii

11

Bulbophyllum helenae

15

APHYLLORCHIS

11

Bulbophyllum leopardinum

Aphyllorchis montana

12

Bulbophyllum lobbii

Aphyllorchis prainii

12

Bulbophyllum mackeeanum

22

APOSTASIA

12

Bulbophyllum micranthum

22

Apostasia wallichii

12

Bulbophyllum moniliforme

16

Arachnanthe clarkei

12

Bulbophyllum nigrescens

16

ARACHNIS

12

Bulbophyllum odoratissimum

17
17
17, 10215
16, 102

Arachnis clarkei

12, 102

Bulbophyllum parviflorum

Arethusa plicata

70

Bulbophyllum pectinatum

Arethusa simplex

70

Bulbophyllum reptans

18

ARUNDINA

13

Bulbophyllum retusiusculum

18

114

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

I n d e x
Bulbophyllum rufinum
Bulbophyllum sasakii

19

Cheirostylis spathulata

19

Chelonistele biflora

75

Cirrhopetalum cornutum

15

20, 102

Bulbophyllum secundum

23

Bulbophyllum secundum

16

Cirrhopetalum refractum

18

Bulbophyllum simillimum

21

Cirrhopetalum retusiusculum

19

Bulbophyllum spectabile

17

Cirrhopetalum simillimum

21

Bulbophyllum suavissimum

20

Cirrhopetalum taeniophyllum

21

Bulbophyllum sulcatum

20

Cirrhopetalum tripudians22

21, 103

Bulbophyllum sunipia
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum

CLEISOSTOMA

23

21

Cleisostoma carinatum

24

Bulbophyllum tripudians

21

Cleisostoma chrysomelas

24

Bulbophyllum tripudianthe

22

Cleisostoma duplicilobum

23

Bulbophyllum triste

22

Cleisostoma filiforme

24

Cleisostoma racemiferum

24

C

Cnemidia angulosa

96

CALANTHE

22

Cnemidia semilibera

96

Calanthe simplex

22

Coeloglossum densum

78

Calanthe viridifusca

10

Coeloglossum mannii

64

Callista bensoniae

36

COELOGYNE

25

Callista bicamerata

37

Coelogyne alba

73

Callista boxallii

41

Coelogyne anceps

25

Callista carinifera

37

Coelogyne arthuriana

88

Callista draconis

40

Coelogyne articulata

82

Callista gratiosissima

41

Coelogyne biflora

75

Callista harveyana

42

Coelogyne birmanica

88

Callista hookeriana

42

Coelogyne brachyptera

25

Callista lituiflora

44

Coelogyne convallariae

82

Callista nobilis

45

Coelogyne coronaria

51

Callista parca

46

Coelogyne corrugata

27

Callista parishii

46

Coelogyne corymbosa

25, 103

Callista primulina

47

Coelogyne elata

29

Callista rhodopterygia

46

Coelogyne flavida

27

Callista strongylantha

48

Coelogyne fusca

73

Callista sulcata

48

Coelogyne fuscescens

26

Callista transparens

49

Coelogyne graminifolia

29

Callista wardiana

49

Coelogyne holochila

26

23

Coelogyne humilis

87

Coelogyne maculata

88
88

CEPHALANTHERA
Cephalanthera damasonium

23, 103

CHEIROSTYLIS

23

Coelogyne maculata var. arthuriana

Cheirostylis griffithii

23

Coelogyne micrantha

26, 104

115

Index

I n d e x
Coelogyne nervosa

27

Cymbidium cyperifolium subsp. indochinense

Coelogyne nitida

27

Cymbidium ensifolium

34, 105

Coelogyne pallida

83

Cymbidium erythraeum

34
34

33

Coelogyne papagena

26

Cymbidium faberi

Coelogyne parishii var. brachyptera

25

Cymbidium hennisianum

34

Coelogyne porrecta

74

Cymbidium lancifolium

34

Coelogyne praecox

88

Cymbidium longifolium

34

Coelogyne prolifera

27, 104

Cymbidium macrorhizon

35

Coelogyne prolifera

28

Cymbidium mannii

35

Coelogyne recurva

83

Cymbidium nitidum27

Coelogyne reichenbachiana

88

Cymbidium pendulum

33

Coelogyne rubra

83

Cymbidium simulans

33

Coelogyne sanderae

28

Cymbidium strictum

29

Coelogyne schultesii

28

Cyperorchis cochleare

33

Coelogyne stricta

28

Cypripedium boxallii

75

Coelogyne uniflora

75

Cypripedium villosum75

Coelogyne victoria-reginae

28

Cypripedium villosum var. aureum75

Coelogyne viscosa

29

Cyrtopera andamanensis

52

Coelogyne wallichiana

88

Cyrtopera flava

52

Conchidium dickasonii

89

Cyrtopera macrobulbon

53

Conchidium muscicola

89

Cyrtopera nuda

53

Cordyla concolor

69

Cyrtopera squalida

53

CREMASTRA

29

Cyrtopera zollingeri

54

Cremastra appendiculata

29

CREPIDIUM

30

D

Crepidium acuminatum

30, 105

DENDROBIUM

35

Crepidium calophyllum

30

Dendrobium aclinia

43

Crepidium khasianum

30

Dendrobium alterum

39

Crepidium mackinnonii

31

Dendrobium andersonii

40

Crepidium ophrydis

31

Dendrobium aphyllum

35

Crepidium ovalisepalum

32

Dendrobium aphyllum var. cucullatum

36

Crepidium szemaoense

32

Dendrobium arachnites

40

CYLINDROLOBUS

32

Dendrobium aurantiacum

38

Cylindrolobus cristatus

32

Dendrobium aureum

42

CYMBIDIUM

32

Dendrobium bellatulum

36, 105

Cymbidium aloifolium

32

Dendrobium bensoniae

36, 105

Cymbidium appendiculatum

29

Dendrobium bensoniae var. aurantiacum

36

Cymbidium bicolor subsp. obtusum

35

Dendrobium bensoniae var. xanthinum

36

Cymbidium cochleare

33

Dendrobium bicameratum

37

35

Dendrobium boxallii

41

Cymbidium crassifolium

116

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

I n d e x
Dendrobium boxallii var. albanense

41

Dendrobium hirsutum

44

Dendrobium bullerianum

41

Dendrobium hookerianum

42

Dendrobium calothyrsos

38

Dendrobium incurvum

43

Dendrobium infundibulum

Dendrobium cambridgeanum

45

Dendrobium candidum

45

Dendrobium infundibulum var. jamesianum

43

Dendrobium cariniferum

37

Dendrobium inversum

40

43

Dendrobium jamesianum

43

Dendrobium koyamae

43
44, 107

Dendrobium cariniferum var. wattii
Dendrobium chrysanthum

37, 106

Dendrobium chrysanthum var. anophthalama

37

Dendrobium laterale

Dendrobium chrysanthum var. microphthalama

37

Dendrobium leopardinum

Dendrobium chryseum

37

43, 107

15

Dendrobium listeroglossum

46

38, 106

Dendrobium lituiflorum

44

Dendrobium chrysotoxum var. suavissimum

38

Dendrobium longicornu

44

Dendrobium clavatum

38

Dendrobium moniliforme

45

Dendrobium chrysotoxum

Dendrobium clavatum var. aurantiacum38

Dendrobium moulmeinense

43

Dendrobium crassinode46

Dendrobium muscicola

89

Dendrobium crepidatum

38

Dendrobium nobile

45

Dendrobium crystallinum

39, 106

Dendrobium ochreatum

45

Dendrobium cucullatum

36

Dendrobium parcum

46

Dendrobium dalhousieanum

48

Dendrobium parishii

46

Dendrobium dantaniense39

Dendrobium parishii var. dives46

Dendrobium delacourii

39

Dendrobium parviflorum

Dendrobium denneanum

38

Dendrobium paxtonii

37, 41

Dendrobium densiflorum

49

Dendrobium pendulum

46

Dendrobium densiflorum var. alboluteum

49

Dendrobium pierardii

36

Dendrobium densiflorum var. walkerianum

89

Dendrobium pierardii var. cucullatum

36

Dendrobium denudans

39, 106

Dendrobium plicatile

47

Dendrobium dickasonii

40, 106

Dendrobium polyphlebium

46

49

Dendrobium draconis

40

Dendrobium polyphlebium var. emericii

Dendrobium eburneum

40

Dendrobium porphyrochilum

47, 107

Dendrobium eriiflorum40

Dendrobium primulinum

47, 107

Dendrobium fimbriatum

41

Dendrobium primulinum var. giganteum

Dendrobium fimbriatum var. occulatum

41

Dendrobium pulchellum

Dendrobium flexuosum

44

Dendrobium rhodopterygium

46

Dendrobium gratiosissimum

41

Dendrobium seidenfadenii

40

Dendrobium hanburyanum

44

Dendrobium strongylanthum

48

Dendrobium harveyanum

42

Dendrobium heterocarpum

42, 10646

47
47, 108

Dendrobium suavissimum

38

Dendrobium sulcatum

48

Dendrobium heterocarpum var. henshallii

42

Dendrobium tapingense46

Dendrobium hexadesmia

46

Dendrobium teres

77

117

Index

I n d e x
Dendrobium theionochilum

47

Dendrobium thyrsiflorum
Dendrobium transparens

Eria confusa

84

48

Eria convallarioides

8749

Eria coronaria

51

Dendrobium wardianum

49

Eria cristata

32

Dendrobium wardianum var. candidum

49

Eria dasyphylla

95

Dendrobium wattii

43

Eria eriopsidobulbon

85

DICKASONIA

49

Eria excavata

86

Dickasonia vernicosa

49

Eria lineoligera

86

Dienia congesta

31

Eria muscicola

89

Dienia cylindrostachya

68

Eria myristiciformis

86

Dienia latifolia

31

Eria ovata

86

Dienia ophrydis

31

Eria pannea

93

Dilochia subsessilis

95

Eria spicata

87

Diphyes sulcata

20

Eria suavis

51

50

Eria teretifolia

93

ERIODES51

Eriodes barbata

51

Esmeralda clarkei

12

EULOPHIA51

DIPLOPRORA

50, 108

Diploprora truncata
Doritis natmataungensis

81E
Epidendrum aloifolium

33

Eulophia burkei

53

Epidendrum cespitosum65

Eulophia burmanica

53

Epidendrum ensifolium

34

Eulophia cf. andamanensis

51

Epidendrum humile

87

Eulophia flava

52

Epidendrum moniliforme

45

Eulophia graminea

52

Epidendrum ophrydis

31

Eulophia hildebrandii

53

Epidendrum pendulum

33

Eulophia holochila

53

Epidendrum praecox

88

Eulophia keithii

52

Epidendrum retusum

90

Eulophia macrobulbon

52

EPIPOGIUM

50

Eulophia nuda

Epipogium nutans

50

Eulophia pauciflora

54

Epipogium roseum

50

Eulophia siamensis

54

ERIA

50

Eulophia spectabilis

53

Eria acervata

84

Eulophia squalida

53

Eria amica

84

Eulophia venusta

52

Eria andersonii

84

Eulophia zollingeri

54

Eria apertiflora

85

Eria barbata

51

Eria bicolor

85

Eria bilobulata

85

Eria calamifolia

93

53, 108

F
Fimbrorchis trichosantha

61

118

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

I n d e x
Habenaria furcifera

G

58

Habenaria galeandra

14

62

Habenaria geniculata

57

GASTROCHILUS

54

Habenaria gibsonii var. foetida

58

Gastrochilus ampullaceus

97

Habenaria goodyeroides

79

Gastrochilus corymbosus

54

Habenaria gracillima

64

Galearis subrotunda

Gastrochilus distichus

55, 108

Gastrochilus giganteus

90

Habenaria helferi

14

Habenaria intermedia

59

Gastrochilus pseudodistichus

55

Habenaria intrudens

79

GEODORUM

55

Habenaria latilabris

63

Geodorum appendiculatum

56

Habenaria lucida

59

Geodorum candidum

56

Habenaria malintana

57

Geodorum densiflorum

55

Habenaria pantlingiana

59

Geodorum dilatatum

56

Habenaria parageniculata

58

Geodorum pallidum

56

Habenaria parishii

80

Geodorum purpureum

56

Habenaria pectinata

60

Geodorum rariflorum

56

Habenaria pelorioides

57

Geodorum recurvum

56

Habenaria recurva

59

Geodorum siamense

56

Habenaria reniformis

60

Georchis schlechtendaliana

57

Habenaria rhodocheila

60

GOODYERA

56

Habenaria rodgeri

60

Goodyera schlechtendaliana

56

Habenaria stenopetala

61

Goodyera secundiflora

57

Habenaria stenopetala var. polytricha

59

Graphorkis graminea

52

Habenaria stenostachya

79

Graphorkis macrobulbon

53

Habenaria susannae

77

Gymnadenia acuta

13

Habenaria thailandica

59

Gymnadenia affinis

78

Habenaria trichosantha

61

Gymnadenia galeandra

14

Habenaria yuana

61, 109

Gymnadenia helferi

14

Habenella lucida

59

Gymnadenia sesamoides

14

HEMIPILIA

61

Hemipilia amethystina

62

Hemipilia calophylla

61

H
HABENARIA

57

Hemipilia cordifolia

62

Habenaria affinis78

HERMINIUM

62

Habenaria amplexicaulis

57

Herminium angustifolium

63

Habenaria constricta

78

Herminium constrictum

78

Habenaria dentata

57, 109

Herminium fallax

62

Habenaria dentata var. parageniculata

58

Herminium kamengense

Habenaria erichmichelii

60

Herminium lanceum

63

Habenaria fallax

62

Herminium latilabre

63

63, 109

119

Index

I n d e x
Herminium mannii

64

Liparis prazeri

66

Herminium quinquelobum

64

Liparis pusilla

65

Hetaeria mollis

98

Liparis regnieri

67

HOLCOGLOSSUM
Holcoglossum amesianum
Hygrochilus parishii

65

Liparis siamensis

67

65, 109

Liparis sutepensis

67

81

Liparis tschangii

67

I

Lissochilus flavus

52

Listera pinetorum

69

Ione andersonii

19

Listera reniformis

60

Ione andersonii var. flavescens

19

LUISIA

67

Ione bifurcatoflorens

19

Luisia brachystachys

67

Ione flavescens

19

Luisia filiformis

68

Ione racemosa

18

Ione sasakii

19

M

Ione scariosa

21

MALAXIS68

Iridorkis anthropophora

71

Malaxis acuminata

30

Iridorkis falconeri71

Malaxis anthropophora

71

Iridorkis forcipata

71

Malaxis calophylla30

Iridorkis pachyrachis

72

Malaxis calophylla var. brachycheila

30

Malaxis cespitosa

K
Kalimpongia narajitii

Malaxis cylindrostachya
49

L

65
68. 110

Malaxis forcipata

71

Malaxis khasiana

31

Malaxis latifolia

31

LECANORCHIS

65

Malaxis mackinnonii

31

Leptorkis deflexa

66

Malaxis odorata

66

Limodorum aphyllum

36

Malaxis ophrydis

31

Limodorum densiflorum

55

Malaxis ovalisepala

32

Limodorum recurvum

56

Malaxis pyrulifera

72

Limodorum roseum

50

Malaxis scottii

30

LIPARIS

65

Malaxis szemaoensis

32

Liparis auriculata

65

Mesoclastes brachystachys

68

Liparis cespitosa

65

Microstylis calophylla30

Liparis deflexa

66

Microstylis congesta

31

Liparis elegantissima

30

Microstylis cylindrostachya

68

Liparis jovispluvii

66

Microstylis khasiana

31

66, 109

Microstylis latifolia

31

Liparis paradoxa

66

Microstylis mackinnonii

31

Liparis parishii

66

Microstylis scottii

30

Liparis prainii

65

Microstylis wallichii

30

Liparis odorata

120

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

I n d e x
Microstylis wallichii var. brachycheila

30

Orchis susannae

77

Monochilus affinis

98

Ornithochilus difformis

80

Monochilus flavus

99

Ornithochilus fuscus

80

Monochilus longilabris

99

OTOCHILUS

72

Monorchis quinqueloba

64

Otochilus albus

72, 110Mycaranthes pannea

93

Otochilus albus var. lancilabius

73

Otochilus fuscus

73

Otochilus lancilabius

73

Otochilus porrectus

73

N
NEOTTIA68

Neottia cf. pinetorum

69

Neottia nyinyikyawii

68

Neottia reniformis

60

P
Pachychilus pubescens

74

Neottia sinensis

92

Pachyrhizanthe macrorhizon

35

Neottia strateumatica

99

PACHYSTOMA74

NERVILIA

69

Pachystoma nutans

74

Nervilia aragoana

69

Pachystoma pubescens

74

Nervilia concolor

69

Pachystoma senile74

Nervilia crispata

70

PANISEA

74

Nervilia crociformis

70

Panisea pantlingii

74

Nervilia flabelliformis

69

Panisea tricallosa

74

Nervilia plicata

69

Panisea uniflora

75

Nervilia simplex

70

Panisea yunnanensis

75

Nervilia velutina

70

PAPHIOPEDILUM

75

Paphiopedilum boxallii

75

Paphiopedilum villosum

75

O
OBERONIA

70

PAPILIONANTHE

76

Oberonia anthropophora

70

Papilionanthe biswasiana

76

Oberonia cavaleriei

71

Papilionanthe hookeriana

76

Oberonia falconeri

71

Papilionanthe teres

Oberonia forcipata

71

Papilionanthe vandarum

76
77, 110

Oberonia gammiei

71

PECTEILIS

77

Oberonia insectifera

72

Pecteilis susannae

77

Oberonia pachyrachis

72

PERISTYLUS

78

Oberonia pyrulifera

72

Peristylus affinis

78

Octomeria spicata

87

Peristylus cf. parishii

80

Ophrys lancea

63

Peristylus constrictus

78

Orchis dentata

57

Peristylus densus

78

Orchis pectinata

60

Peristylus fallax

62

Orchis strateumatica

99

Peristylus goodyeroides

79

Orchis subrotunda

62

Peristylus goodyeroides var. affinis

78

121

Index

I n d e x
79

Phyllorkis secunda

Peristylus lacertifer var. taipoensis

79

Phyllorkis simillima

21

Peristylus mannii

64

Phyllorkis suavissima

20
20

Peristylus intrudens

20

Peristylus taipoensis

79

Phyllorkis sulcata

PHAIUS80

Phyllorkis taeniophylla21

Phaius albus

94

Phyllorkis tristis

22

Phaius albus var. bensoniae

95

PINALIA

Phaius bensoniae

94

Pinalia acervata

Phaius marshallianus

94

Pinalia amica

84

PHALAENOPSIS

80

Pinalia andersonii

84

Phalaenopsis difformis

80

Pinalia barbata

51

Phalaenopsis hygrochila

80, 110

Pinalia bicolor

85

84
84, 111

Phalaenopsis marriottiana

81

Pinalia bilobulata

85

Phalaenopsis natmataungensis

81

Pinalia cf. apertiflora

85

Phalaenopsis tigrina

81

Pinalia cf. excavata

86

PHOLIDOTA

81

Pinalia confusa

84

Pinalia dasyphylla

95

Pholidota articulata

81, 110

Pholidota bracteata

83

Pinalia eriopsidobulbon

85

Pholidota calceata

83

Pinalia lineoligera

86

Pholidota cf. rubra

83

Pinalia muscicola

89

Pholidota convallariae

82

Pinalia myristiciformis

86

Pholidota convallariae var. breviscapa

82

Pinalia ovata

86

Pholidota imbricata

82

Pinalia pannea

93
87, 111

Pholidota imbricata var. sessilis

83

Pinalia spicata

Pholidota khasyana

81

Platanthera acuta

Pholidota lugardii

82

Platanthera dentata

57

Pholidota obovata

82

Platanthera fallax

62

Pholidota pallida

83, 111

Platanthera galeandra

14

13

Pholidota recurva

83

Platanthera geniculata

57

Phyllorkis alopecurus

22

Platanthera helferi

14Phyllorkis cornuta

15

Platanthera latilabris

63

Phyllorkis helenae

15

Platanthera mannii

64

Phyllorkis leopardina

16

Platanthera robusta

77

Phyllorkis micrantha

22

Platanthera susannae

77

Phyllorkis moniliformis

16

Platantheroides lucida

59

Phyllorkis parviflora

17

PLEIONE

87

Phyllorkis refracta

18

Pleione × kingdonwardii

87

Phyllorkis reptans

18

Pleione anceps

25

Phyllorkis retusiuscula

19

Pleione birmanica

88

Phyllorkis rufina

19

Pleione brachyptera

25

122

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

I n d e x
Pleione corrugata

27

Pleione corymbosa

25

Pleione diantha

87

Rhytionanthos cornutum

15

S

Pleione elata

29

Saccolabium ampullaceum

96

Pleione fuscescens

26

Saccolabium ampullaceum var. moulmeinense

97

Pleione graminifolia

29

Saccolabium distichum

55

Pleione humilis

87, 112

Saccolabium distichum var. pseudodistichum

55

Pleione maculata

88

Saccolabium giganteum

90

Pleione maculata var. arthuriana

88

Saccolabium ochraceum

9

Pleione micrantha

26

Saccolabium pseudodistichum

55

Pleione nervosa

27

Saccolabium racemiferum

24

Pleione nitida

27

Sarcanthus carinatus

24

Pleione praecox

88

Sarcanthus chrysomelas

24

Pleione prolifera

28

Sarcanthus duplicilobus

24

Pleione reichenbachiana

88

Sarcanthus filiformis

24

Pleione uniflora

75

Sarcanthus guttatus

91

Pleione viscosa

29

Sarcanthus lorifolius

24

Pleione wallichiana

88

Sarcanthus pallidus

24

Pogonia carinata

69

Sarcanthus racemifer

24

Pogonia concolor

69

Sarcochilus difformis

80

Pogonia crispata

70

SATYRIUM

91

Pogonia flabelliformis

69

Satyrium ciliatum

91

Pogonia plicata

70

Satyrium nepalense var. ciliatum

91

Pogonia scottii

69

Satyrium nepalense var. nepalense

91

Pogonia simplex

70

Seidenforchis mackinnonii

31

Pogonia velutina

70

Serapias damasonium

23

PORPAX

89

Sigmatogyne pantlingii

74

Porpax dickasonii

89

Sigmatogyne tricallosa

74

89, 112SPATHOGLOTTIS

92

Porpax muscicola

89

Spathoglottis bensoni

92

Porpax parviflorum

89

Spathoglottis khasyana

92

Ptilocnema bracteata

83

Spathoglottis pubescens

92

Spathoglottis pubescens var. berkleyi

92

SPIRANTHES

92

90

Spiranthes australis

92

90, 101, 112

Spiranthes flexuosa

92

Porpax lanii

R
RENANTHERA
Renanthera imschootiana
Renanthera papilio

90

Spiranthes himalayensis

92

RHYNCHOSTYLIS

90Spiranthes lancea

63

Rhynchostylis gigantea

90

Spiranthes sinensis

92

Rhynchostylis retusa

90

Stauropsis parishii

81

123

Index

I n d e x
Stauropsis truncata

50

TRICHOTOSIA

95

Stelis odoratissima

17

Trichotosia dasyphylla

95

Stelis racemosa

18

Tripudianthes dickasonii

15

Tripudianthes tripudians

22

TROPIDIA

96

19

Tropidia angulosa

96

Sunipia flavescens

19

Tropidia curculigoides

96

Sunipia racemosa

18, 21STRONGYLERIA

93

Strongyleria pannea

93, 112Sunipia andersonii

Sunipia sasakii

19

Sunipia scariosa

21

T

V
VANDA

96

Vanda amesiana

65

Vanda ampullacea

96

Tainia angustifolia

10

Vanda bensonii

97

Tainia barbata

51

Vanda caerulescens

97

Tainia hennisiana

10

Vanda clarkei

12

Tainia viridifusca

10

Vanda coerulescens

97

Tainiopsis barbata

51

Vanda coerulescens var. lowiana

97

THELASIS

93

Vanda denisoniana

98

Thelasis khasiana

93

Vanda densiflora

90

Thelasis pygmaea var. khasiana

94

Vanda hookeriana

76

THUNIA

94

Vanda parishii

81

Thunia alba
Thunia alba var. bensoniae

94, 112

Vanda parviflora var. albiflora

97

95

Vanda stangeana

98

Thunia alba var. marshalliana

94

Vanda teres

77

Thunia bensoniae

94

Vandopsis parishii

81

Thunia candidissima

94

Thunia cleistogama

95

Thunia marshalliana

94

Thunia winniana

95

THUNIOPSIS

95

W
Wolfia spectabilis

53

Z

Thuniopsis cleistogama

95

ZEUXINE

98

Thuniopsis subsessilis

95

Zeuxine affinis

98

Tribrachia racemosa

18

Zeuxine flava

99

Tribrachia reptans

18

Zeuxine longilabris

99

Trichosma coronaria

51

Zeuxine strateumatica

99

Trichosma suavis

51

Zeuxine sulcata

99

124

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Contributors of Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2

Enumeration of Orchidaceae
Hubert Kurzweil
Paul Ormerod
Santi WatthanaSingapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore
Cairns, Queensland, Australia
Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand (present address:
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand)

PlatesKazumi Fujikawa
Hubert Kurzweil
Ayako Maeda
Mitsuo MatsumotoMichele Rodda
Santi Watthana
Shigeo Yasuda

The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Japan
Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore
The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, JapanThe Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Japan
Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore
Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand (present address:
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand)
The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Japan (present address:
Yokohama, Japan)

Cover photo: Coelogyne corymbosa Lindl. (May 26, 2012, photo by S. Watthana).

Taxonomic Enumeration of Natma Taung National Park Vol. 2
Editors
Kazumi Fujikawa, The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Japan<XPLNR%DED$XFNODQG:DU0HPRULDO0XVHXP7ƗPDNL3DHQJD+LUD1HZ=HDODQG
Thant Shin, Forest Research Institute, Yezin, Myanmar$XQJ=DZ0RH)RUHVW5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWH<H]LQ0\DQPDU+DMLPH0L]XNDPL7KH.RFKL3UHIHFWXUDO0DNLQR%RWDQLFDO*DUGHQ-DSDQ
Date of publication: March 31, 2021
Published by
The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden, Japan
Copyright ©
The Kochi Prefectural Makino Memorial Foundation, Inc.
4200-6 Godaisan, Kochi 781-8125, Japan
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