WAO10April 12 – 16, 2010
INTEC, KAERI, Korea

Operation Status of the PEFP Proton Accelerator

Hyeok-Jung Kwon (hjkwon@kaeri.re.kr)
on behalf of the Proton Engineering Frontier ProjectContentsI.

Overview

II. 20-MeV Accelerator Operation (Status)
III. 100-MeV Accelerator Operation (Plan)
IV. Summary2Overview Project : Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP)
21C Frontier R&D Program, MEST, Republic of Korea

 Objectives :- To develop a High Power Proton Linac (100MeV, 20mA)- To develop Beam Utilization & Accelerator Application Technologies- To Industrialize Developed Technologies

 Period : July 2002 – March 2012 (10 years)
 Budget : 128.6 B KRW (Gov. 115.7 B, Private 12.9 B)(Gyeongju City : Site, Buildings & Supporting Facilities)3

Schematics of PEFP Linac & Beamlines
100 MeV

FutureExtension
TR105

TR104

20 MeV

TR101

TR103

TR102

TR25

TR24100 MeV
Beamlines

3 MeV

TR21

TR23

TR2220 MeV
Beamlines

Features of the PEFP linac• 50 keV Injector (Ion Source + LEBT)• 3 MeV RFQ (4-vane type)• 20 & 100 MeV DTL• RF Frequency : 350 MHz• Beam Extractions at 20 or 100 MeV• 5 Beamlines for 20 MeV & 100 MeV- Beam to be distributed to 3 BL via AC

Output Energy (MeV)

20100

Peak Beam Current (mA)

2020

Max. Beam Duty (%)

248Avg. Beam Current (mA)

4.8

1.6

Pulse Length (ms)

2

1.33

Max. Repetition Rate (Hz)12060

Max. Avg. Beam Power (kW)

96160

4

Project Site
 Gyeongju provided the site (Area: 440,000 m2), building and support facilities(The capital of Shilla dynasty for 992 years, from BC 57 to AD 935.)

Seoul

KAERI
DaejeonGyeongju

5Construction Schedule

Date

Major ActivitiesSep. 2008

Obtained the construction permit

May 2009

Started construction (ground breaking)Jul. 2010

To start foundation work (accelerator & beam utilization building)Jun. 2011

To complete accelerator, ion beam & utility facility building

June 2011

To supply 154 kV power & water

Dec. 2011

To complete mechanical, electrical, I&C system

Mar. 2012

To complete of buildings & yard facilities

Mar. 2012

To complete the project6

Contents

I.

Overview

II. 20-MeV Accelerator Operation (Status)
III. 100-MeV Accelerator Operation (Plan)
IV. Summary

7

RFQ Fabrication
 Established a full fabrication process with domestic companies

DesignVane machining

Tuning before Brazing

Brazing
050705_1

Measured Q

Target QError

1.2630.80.600.4-3

Field error (%)

Normalized field

10.2
0-60

Leak test (< 1e-9torr.l/s)

Tuning

0.2

0.4
0.6
Normalized distance

0.8

Frequency : 349.931
MHzQ field : <  2%
D field : <  5% of Q

18

DTL Fabrication
 Established a full fabrication process with domestic companies

DesignMachining(Acc <100 m)

Copper plating

AssemblyDT alignment < 40 m
DTL102 DT Alignment Result0.050
0.040
0.030

DTL I MEBTDTL II

0.010

yy Deviation [mm]

0.020

0.000

-0.050 -0.040 -0.030 -0.020 -0.010 0.000-0.010

0.010

0.020

0.030 0.040

0.050-0.020-0.030-0.040-0.050xx Deviation [mm]Tank 102

Field Tuning < 1.5 %no postwith post, no slug adjust

with post, with slug adjust

1.20
1.15
1.10

E01.05After tuning

1.00
0.95

DT QM
Fabrication(B = 1.75 T±1%)

w/ post0.90

Before tuning

0.85

DT alignment

Tuningw/o post

0.80
051015202530

Cell Number

9PEFP 20 MeV Linac at Daejeon KAERI site Operation since June 2007
Klystron (RFQ)

Waveguide

Wednesday Facility Tour (15:00~)
Klystron (DTL)

Target Station

Beam Profile

4cmIon Source

LEBT

3 MeV RFQ

20 MeV DTL

10

20-MeV Accelerator Operation at KAERI Site
 Operation objectives- To supply beam to users- To study the characteristics of the proton machine- To use as a test stand of the 100-MeV machine components
 Building & Utilities- General test hall which contains accelerator, RF system, power supplies- Electrical power station, cooling station
 Operation since June 2007 (operation license re-issued at May ’08 with more shielding) Beam condition: Avg. current: 1.0 μA, Rep. rate: 1 Hz, Pulse length: 50 μs- Beam condition mainly limited by the radiation shielding

Cooling utilities

Electrical power system utilities

11

Control System
 EPICS and Digital based
Time & Central ControllerTime Synchronization

Central Controller

Machine Interlock

O-35, P-13

Data Management & Visualization
Web
Monitoring

RDB Server

ChannelArchiver

20 MeV Control Room(Monitoring andtest bench oriented)

Operator
InterfaceControl NetworkCAGateway

Machine Network
Interlock Network
Timing NetworkOperator Interface

RF & Beam Monitor

LLRF Control

RF & Beam
EPICS OPI Server

1220-MeV Accelerator Commissioning We learned many things about the proton accelerator- Neutralization, RFQ set point determination, DTL RF set point determination,
methods to tune the accelerator using simulation code and so on

Transmission depending on vane voltage
PARMTEQ

1mA

7.5mA (120A/135A)

5mA (70A/140A)

After tuning (130A/129A)
1.20

Normalized current

1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0.8

Fixing the beam oscillation by timing adjustment

0.85

0.9

0.95

11.05

1.1

1.15

Voltage factor (based on PARMTEQ)

RFQ retuning andRF set point determination (PARMTEQ)DTL beam transmission (~50%) -> beam loss distribution measurement -> predict the polarity
mistake of QM by using PARMILA -> QM polarity reversal ->beam transmission (100%)

13

20-MeV Accelerator Performance Study Machine performance check within limited conditions- Long pulse operation- Long time operation

 Beam study
Modulator pulse(1ms pulse)

LEBT beam emittanceLong time operation(modulator voltage)

DTL RF pulse( 0.2ms pulse)Long pulse operation(LEBT beam, 2ms pulse)

Beam pulse(DTL beam, 0.1ms pulse)

DTL beam energy measurement

DTL LLRF control14

High Power Operation of the Klystron Two sets of high power klystron for 20-MeV accelerator: 350MHz, 1.6MW average electron beam power, 1.1MW average RF power: Two sets of 2MW DC high voltage power supply, 2MW cooling system
 Long time operation of the klystron beam

: Day time (full power operation), Night time (half power operation): Heat at the collector serves as a big heat reservoir for the cooling system: The cooling temperature stabilized within tolerance in spite of thelarge change of the ambient conditions
2008. 4. 18supplies~ 20
 Two 2MW DC power
were replaced with one modulator at the end of 2009220V

22.9kV

Ambient

3000

DTL Inlet

4040

Ambient Temp. (Deg.)

Electrical Power [kWh]

2000

1500

1000

30

38

37

2036

Coolant Temp. (Deg.)

39

2500

35

500
10005101520

2530
Time [Hr]

3540

45

50

55

60

08-4-18 20:24

34
08-4-19 8:24

08-4-19 20:24

08-4-20 8:24

Time (yy-mm-dd h:mm)

08-4-20 20:2415

20-MeV Machine Operation Statistics
 Scheduled maintenance period

O-40- Vacuum system, power supplies, cooling system and so on- Installation of the 100-MeV component for performance test
(ex: modulator, LLRF system upgrade, beam diagnostics)
 Unscheduled maintenance- Directly affect to the machine normal operation schedule- No severe accidents of the machine due to low duty operation- Sources mainly divided into two categories : HVPS trip, coolant leakage- Statistics may be meaningless because of short operation time,
but the time to repair is decreasing100as time goes on
Availability [%]8060

402002007

2008

2009

Machine availability = Total Time to Repair / (Total Operation Time + Total time to Repair)
Year16

20-MeV Beam Irradiation Station & its operation
 To meet demands for 20 MeV proton beam users
 Beam condition: Avg. current: 1.0 μA, Rep. rate: 1 Hz, Pulse length: 50 μs
 Installed a QM triplet to control the beam size at the target
 Operation: Minimum - Supervisor 1, accelerator operator 3, beam line operator 2: Beam shutter closes for the accelerator only operation: Services for users: 150/year (weekend operation only)
1m
Gauss fit of Data1_B
4000

Data: Data1_B
Model: Gauss
Equation: y=y0 + (A/(w*sqrt(PI/2)))*exp(-2*((x-xc)/w)^2)
Weighting:yNo weighting

3000

N.O of particles

TargetChi^2/DoF= 26392.98749
R^2= 0.98215
y0xcw
A

2000

354.12642
0.00098
10.29726
44757.8051±24.15184±0.07989±0.18919±893.56993

1000

0Lead shielding

QM (triplet)-30-20-100102030

X axis [cm]External beam
Able to modulate the beam size attargetConcreteShieldingDTL
Beam optics with a QM triplet

17

20-MeV Beam Irradiation Statistics
 Users submit the application form through homepage (www.komac.re.kr)
 Users contact the beam line operator and decide the irradiation conditions
 Beam line operator performs the irradiation test

Sample Number Total 436 samples were irradiated since 2007
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
200

178
155

103

NT

InstituteBTIndustrySTSumMaterial Science
13%

103

2%

79

75

38%

5450
28University25222008

2009

02007

47%

Year

20MeV proton beam line

Mutation of bacillus induced by proton beam

18

Ag Nano particles generated by proton beam

I.

Overview

II. 20-MeV Accelerator Operation (Status)
III. 100-MeV Accelerator Operation (Plan)
IV. Summary

19

Status of Accelerator Development
 Fully developed & integrated up to 20 MeV in Daejeon site
 The fabrication of tanks up to 91MeV has been finished.
 Last tank will be fabricated in this fiscal year.

CompletedOperating

2010

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3(’02.07 ~ ’05.06)(’05.07 ~ ’08.03)(’08.04 ~ ’12.03)

Control & Diagnostics
RFRFRFRFRFRFRFRFRF

20~33

33~45

45~57

57~6969~80

80~91

91~102

DTL103 DTL104

DTL105

DTL106 DTL107

IS RFQ DTL21~DTL24MEBT DTL101 DTL102

20 MeV Beam

100 MeV Beam

20

Accelerator tunnel & Experimental hall
 Beam extraction from the accelerator : 20-MeV, 100-MeV
 Target rooms : Total 10 target rooms (5 rooms / beam line) 3 target rooms at 20-MeV beam lines (TR22, 23, 24) or 100- MeV beam lines(TR102, 103, 104) can be operated simultaneously by using AC magnet

100 MeV Beam
Extraction
Accelerator Tunnel

20 MeV Beam
Extraction

AssemblyArea

Utility &Shielding :O-19,
O-43,
P-14Office

100MeV
Beam Lines

20MeV
Beam Lines

21

Beam Line and Target Room Specifications
 Completed design by reflecting user’s requirement
 Developed components (QM, ACM, DM & beam instruments)
20 MeV Beamlines
TR21

TR22
TR23

TR25

TR24

Beam
Line

Application
Field

Rep.
Rate

TR21

Semiconductor

60Hz

TR22
TR23

Bio-Medical
Application
Materials, Energy& Environment
Basic Science

15Hz

TR25

Radio Isotopes

60Hz

TR102

100 MeV Beamlines

TR103

Beam
Line

Application
Field

Rep.
Rate

Avg.
Irradiation
Current Condition

TR101

Radio Isotopes

60Hz

0.6mA

7.5Hz

10A

15Hz

0.3mA7.5Hz

10A

60Hz

1.6mA

Medical Research(Proton therapy)
Materials, Energy
TR103& Environment
Basic Science
TR104
Aero-Space tech.
Neutron Source
TR105
Irradiation Test

30Hz

TR24

TR101

TR102

15Hz

Avg.
Irradiation
Current Condition
Hor. Ext.
0.6mA
300mmΦ
Hor. Ext.
60A
300mmΦ
Hor. Ext.
0.6mA300mmΦ
Hor. Ext.
60A100mmΦ
Hor. Vac.
1.2mA100mmΦ

Hor. Ext.
Hor. Ext.
300mmΦ
Hor. Ext.
300mmΦ
Hor. Ext.
100mmΦ
Hor. Vac.
100mmΦ

TR105

TR104

300mmΦ beam window

22

Accelerator Commissioning Plan
 Conditions : No empty DT, measurement device and steerer should be located outside
 Initial beam parameter : 100MeV, 20mA, 50us, 1Hz (100W)
 1kW beam dump inside the tunnel : will be used for the accelerator commissioning Scheme for the RF and beam position set point: RF set point - phase scan method by beam phase measurement

Comparison between measured beam phase and PARMILA results: Beam position – steering magnet + BPM sets
Algorithm based on the transfer matrix conversion of Twiss parameters

Phase scan

No RF, only DTQ onTank 1 RF set point
determination

DTL tank 2

DTL tank 1

BPM3

Steering
schemeDTL107
BPM

BPM1

BPM2

DTL106

DTL105

DTL104

HV steerer

DTL103BPM

DTL102BPM

DTL101

HV steerer

MEBT

HV steerer

23

Accelerator Commissioning Plan – Beam diagnostics layout
 Beam diagnostics layout based on the RF and beam position set point plan
 Layout will be confirmed by PARMILA code

Beam Dump

100MeV Beam

DTL107 DTL106 DTL105 DTL104 DTL103 DTL102 DTL101

DTL24 DTL23 DTL22

DTL21

RFQ

LEBTIS20MeV Beam

Steerer (H. V. pair) : 6 sets
BPM : 11 sets
BCM : 10 sets
Beam profile monitor& emittance scanner : 3 setsBeam loss monitor

24

Beam Line Commissioning Plan
100kWAccelerator
Get
Commissioning License

Beam line commissioning
and beam supply to users
TR105 TBDDependingon the userdemand

10kW

TR104

Beampower

TR102
TR101
Beam dump
Inside tunnel

TR103

1kW

TR24
TR21
TR22
TR25
TR23100W
06Month 12

182425Operation Plan Operation plan is based on the weekly schedule 5 days / week (turn on : Monday, turn off : Friday) Beam time between 100MeV and 20MeV depends on the user demand Planned beam ON time : 2,000 hrs/year (based on the user’s demand survey)
 Operator : Total 12 operators, 4 / shift (supervisor: 1, RF: 2, beam: 1), 3 shifts / day Operation plan based on year
- Machine operation period : 9 months (2~7, 9~11) - Maintenance : 3 months
100MeV
Beam Energy

100MeV OFFConstant duty,irradiation time control
for RI production

Beam pulse number control
for other purposes

Accelerator
ON

100MeV beam line Operation
MonTueWed20MeVAccelerator
OFF20MeV beam line Operation
ThuFri26

Target Room Operation Scenario (Accessibility Issue)
P-07, P-08

- Exclusive Beam Extraction Operation
1) 20MeV and 100 MeV beam utility are not operated together.
2) Group 1(TR101), Group2(TR105) and Group3(TR102, TR103 and TR104)
are also operated exclusively to each other groups.
- Accessibility1) At any case, access is permitted to one of TR102, 103 and 104,
when the beam is not supplied to that target room.
2) Access to TR101, TR105 and BTL enclosure is only permitted
after beam turns off.

Exclusively operation
Exclusively operation

Exclusively operation

27

Target Room Operation Scenario (Safety Issue)
 RF operation: Set the optimum duty for the entire weekly operation condition: Maintain constant duty regardless of the beam pulse width: Emergency RF off – control room, klystron gallery, modulator room
 Beam operation: Based on the weekly schedule (irradiation time control, pulse number control): Emergency beam off – control room, target room, processing room
: Beam shutter close confirmation – target room, processing room
 Strategy: Beam shutter open / close – processing room

: Beam on permission condition(Multiple permission : all following 5 conditions should be confirmed)
plan, shielding door closed, beam shutter open,
processing room operator OK, control room operator OK: Monitoring - Motion detection CCTV, wired / wireless communication: Target room shielding door
from inside – can open the door without any permission
from outside – need multiple permission(control room, processing room, beam shutter) 28

Target Room Operation – Virtual Request From Users
 Target room operation was simulated with virtual proton beam request
 Decide the weekly operation schedule (irradiation conditions, target room and time)

Request form from virtual users
Determine irradiation condition, required time, target room-> decide weekly operation schedule29

Target Room Operation - Simulation
 Based on the weekly operation schedule (Accelerator side)

P-07: Determine the RF duty
: Determine the time when beam line transition should be performed
TR101 vs. common beam line (TR102, TR103, TR104)

100-MeV vs. 20-MeV
TR21 vs. TR25 vs. common beam line (TR22, TR23, TR24)
Mon

TueWedThu

100MeV Operation(13:00)Accelerator
On

100 MeV Off

20MeV Operation(04:00)09

Accelerator On/ Beam Tunning24

24

Accelerator Off(12:00)

TR21TR23
Semi-conductor

TR102

TR 101 RI Production

FriTR103TR22TR104TR24

2420 MeV Transition/ Beam Tunning

TR25
RI Production

2418Accelerator Off/ Maintenance30

ContentsI.

Overview

II. Accelerator Development
III. 20-MeV Accelerator Operation (Status)
IV. 100-MeV Accelerator Operation (Plan)
V. Summary

31

Summary

20-MeV accelerator operation status
 Beam service to users at KAERI site in Daejeon.
 Study on the proton accelerator
 Test of the 100-MeV accelerator components: It will be valuable experiences to set up the 100-MeV machine
operation and maintenance plan

100-MeV accelerator operation plans Accelerator and beam line commissioning plan
 Beam line and target room operation scenario

32