One Instrument for 5 Different Laboratory Applications: Solar cell I-V characterization (Voc, Jsc, FF, ƞ, Rs, Rsh)
 Maximum Power Point Tracking with Pmax & Efficiency vs. time plot Four quadrant I-V analysis (Dark I-V, Stepwise Cyclic Voltammetry) Four probe resistance measurements (Sheet resistance, Resistivity)
 Use as a potentiostat or Galvanostat

MPPT

I-V

4QD I-V

4-PRO ΩIVSpecifications
Measurement Range

Voltage: ±10 V
Current: 1 A (3 A Pulse)with 5½-digits resolution

Measuring Technique

Digital Source/MeasureInputsFront: 4 probes for PV device
Back: 4 wire connector for reference cell(light intensity measurement)

A/D Converters

16 Bit (2 independent ADCs for V & Imeasurements)

User Interface and datacollecting

Computer software is provided for control
of all the functions and data logging.
Measurement data can be saved as a text
file and directly plotted on ®Microsoft
Excel graph. (Windows based PC required)

Communication

BluetoothPower Requirement

100 – 240 VAC (50-60 Hz)

Electrical standard
Dimensions, Weight

93 mm x 210 mm x 350 mm, 2.5 kg

Features of Solar Cell I-V Tracer
User selectable START, END and STEP voltages. Plots current andpower vs. voltage curves. Calculated results include Voc, Isc, Jsc, Pmax,Vmpp, I mpp, FF, Rs, RSH, ƞactiveA, and ƞgeoA. User can set the desired scan
speed, scan time, or holding time. Advanced I-V option allows initial,middle, and end point holding times. I vs. t transient plot for all datapoints and/or under a selected fixed voltage.
Features of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) Function
Analyzer acts like the best load for the cell to extract maximum
power point (MPP) and keep tracking MPP continuously. Plots Pmax,Vmpp , Impp and Efficiency vs. time curves and also display
current/power vs. voltage plots.
Features of Potentiostat/Galvanostat Function
Plot the voltage, current vs. time under a given fixed output voltage
or fixed current. User can directly measure the open circuit voltage,
and short circuit current of the cell. Programmable electro deposit
function.

Features of Full Range I-V Function
User selectable START, END, STEP voltages and SCAN SPEED (mV/s). Plot current vs. voltage
curve for given number of voltage sweep cycles in potentiostat mode. Can be used in 3
electrodes liquid cell with reference electrode.
Four Probes Resistance Measurement
Three special functions included to easily measure sheet resistance, resistivity, andresistance. Geometric correction factors are automatically calculated according to size andScreenshot of PV I-V tracer window
measuring probe location on the sample which are entered as parameters. Measurement
range 2.0 x 10-3 to 5.0 x 106 Ω .

SPD Laboratory, Inc.

2-35-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, 432-8011, JAPAN
Tel: +81-53-474-7901 Fax: +81-53-401-7080
Email: inq@spd-lab.com
Web: http://www.spdlab.com/English/VK-PA-100.html

All the graphs and data can be saved
in a Microsoft Excel Workbook.

“Advanced IV Setup” allows user to change various settings such as “start” point holding time, “end” point holding time, current vs. time plot for each data point, and/or at given fixed voltage in the middle of I-V curve tracing.

“MPP tracking” function shows the power, current, voltage and efficiency curves from the starting point of the MPP tracking so that user can see how it reach to maximum
power point from different starting points and directions. It is continuously plot the conversion efficiency vs. tme curve.

“Potentiostat/Galvanostat ” tab allows user to use analyzer as Potentiostat or Galvanostat mode with given set voltage or set current value. Plotting V, I, and power also
possible in this function. Programmable fix voltage or fix current On/Off timing function can use for electro deposition or lighting external laser diode with given on/off
times and number of cycles.

“4 Quadrant I-V” allows to plot Cyclic Voltammetry graphs.

“Data Save Options” tab has various options to save data files and graphs. Allthe graphs can be saved as fully formatted Excel workbooks.

“4 Probe Ohm” tab allows user to perform sheet resistance, resistivity, andresistance measurements.

“Analyzer Settings” allows to change various settings of the analyzer..

VK-PA-100 Detailed Electrical Specifications
Measuring Technique

Digital Source Meter with 4 probes connection to DUT. Controlled by amicrocontroller working at 32 MHz system clock speed.

Measuring Range

Voltage: ±10 V
Current: ±1 A (3A Pulse)

Specifications of A/D Converters

Resolution: 16 Bit
Integral Nonlinearity: ±0.0003%
Utilize on-chip digital calibration to eliminate offset and gain errors.
Data acquisition speed can be selected from 50Hz, 60 Hz, 250 Hz and 500Hz.

Built-in Voltage Reference Parameters

Output Voltage : 2.500 ± 0.001 V
Output Voltage Drift : 3 ppm/°C (-40°C to +85°C)
Output Noise : 100 nV/Hz½Voltage Measurements
Resolution

5½-digit resolution
Measuring Range

Resolution±30 mV±60 mV±125 mV±250 mV±500 mV
±1 V
±2 V
±4 V±8 V±10 V

1.2 µV
2.4 µV
4.8 µV
9.5 µV
19 µV
38 µV
76 µV
0.15 mV
0.3 mV
0.6 mV

Voltage Set Point Resolution±1 mV (16 Bit)

Current Measurements
Resolution

5½-digit resolution
Measuring Range

Resolution±6 μA±12 μA±25 μA±50 μA±100 μA±200 μA±250 μA±500 μA
±1 mA
±2 mA
±6 mA
±12 mA±25 mA±50 mA±100 mA±200 mA±500 mA±1 A±2 A (Pulse only)±3 A (Pulse only)

2 pA
4 pA
9 pA
1.7 nA
3.5 nA
7 nA
10 nA
19 nA
38 nA
76 nA227 nA
454 nA908 nA
1.8 μA
3.6 μA
7.2 μA
19 μA
38 μA
76 μA
152 μA

SPD Laboratory, Inc.

2-35-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, 432-8011, JAPAN
Tel: +81-53-474-7901 Fax: +81-53-401-7080 Email: inq@spd-lab.com
Web: http://www.spdlab.com/English/VK-PA-100.html

Function
I-V Tracer

Description

Measurement /Results

1. Standard I-V curve tracing

Current vs. voltage plot of solar cell. User can set
desired scan speed, scan time, or holding time ateach data point. Calculate Voc, Isc, Jsc, Pmax, Vmpp, Impp, FF, Rs, RSH, ƞactiveA, and ƞgeoA.

2. Advance I-V curve tracing

Current vs. time plot at start point, given middle
point, and end point for given holding time.
Calculate Voc, Isc, Jsc, Pmax, Vmpp, I mpp, FF, Rs, RSH,ƞactiveA, and ƞgeoA.

MPPTMaximum power point tracking(MPPT)

Automatically scan for maximum power point ofthe cell. Then track and maintain the cell atmaximum power point (MPP) and plots Pmax ,Vmpp, Impp, and Efficiency vs. time curves and also
display current/power vs. voltage plots.

Potentiostat

Measure current (and voltage) atgiven fixed bias voltage

Maintains sample at a given voltage, then displays
current. Plots the current vs. time under theselected bias voltage.

Galvanostat

Measure Voltage (and current) atgiven fixed bias current

Maintains sample at a given current, then displays
voltage. Plots the Voltage vs. time under theselected bias current.

4-Qudrent I-V

Cyclic voltammetry (CV)Current vs. voltage plots for given voltage range
and scan speed. Can be used in 3 electrodes liquidcell with reference electrode.

4 Probe Ω

Four terminal resistancemeasurement

Measures sheet resistance, resistivity, orresistance using 4 probe technique.

SPD Laboratory, Inc.

2-35-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu, 432-8011, JAPAN
Tel: +81-53-474-7901 Fax: +81-53-401-7080
Email: inq@spd-lab.com
Web: http://www.spdlab.com/English/VK-PA-100.html