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沼津工業高等専門学校研究報告
第 51 号，2017 年 1 月㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱―ࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࡢࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ࡜ᤵᴗᐇ㊶࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⪃ᐹ―ᮧᯇ ┤Ꮚ
On Intercultural Education in National Institute of Technology:
A Consideration about the Design and Practice of a ‘Mini Research’ Module to Intensify
Cultural AwarenessNaoko MURAMATSU
Key words: intercultural education, intercultural communicative competence, interculturalcompetence, cultural awareness, active learning
࡞ࡀࡽࠊ2 ᖺ⏕ᚲಟ⛉┠ࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖ㸦㐌 1 ᅇ 90 ศᤵ㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ 1 2᪥㡭➹⪅ࡣ἟ὠᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ㸦἟ὠ㧗ᑓ࡜␎ࡍ㸧ᴗࠊ༙ᮇ⛉┠㸧――ᮏᰯࡢ඲ᩍဨࡀ඼ࠎ⮬⏤࡟ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ࡛ⱥㄒࢆᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᮏ⛉㸯ᖺ࠿ࡽ㸱ᖺࡲ࡛ࡣ㧗ᰯタᐃࡋࠊ3 ྡ๓ᚋࡢᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡀྠࢸ࣮࣐ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠺⛉᳨ᐃᩍ⛉᭩ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࠊᏛ⏕㐩࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ึࡵ࡚Ꮫࡪྛᩥ┠࡛࠶ࡿ――࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉᙧᘧ࡛␗ᩥ໬⌮ἲ㡯┠ࢆᣦᑟࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᚲ↛ⓗ࡟ᩥἲᣦᑟ࡟ከࡃࡢ᫬ゎᩍ⫱ࢆᐇ㊶ࡋࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮㛫ࢆ࡜ ࡽࢀࡿ ࠋ Communicative Language Teachingࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࡢ᰾ᚰ࡟࠶ࡿࠕᩥ໬࡬ࡢẼ௜ࡁࠖ㸦cultural㸦ᩍᖌ࡜⏕ᚐ㐩ࡢ㛫࡛ᙼࡽࡢᏛ⩦ゝㄒࡔࡅ࡛ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽawareness㸧ࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚ᣦᑟෆᐜࡸࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᙜヱゝㄒࢆᩍ࠼ࡿᣦᑟἲ㸧ࢆ⏝ㄢ㢟ࢆᵓᡂࡋࡓࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࡢᩍ⫱ᐇ㊶࠸࡚ࠊᩥἲᣦᑟ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᣦ࡜ᩍ⫱ຠᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࠊ㧗ᑓ࠾ࡼࡧ㧗ᑟ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜ࠊᖖ࡟Ꮫ⏕㐩ࡀⱥㄒࡢ࢖ࣥࣉࢵࢺࠊ࢔࢘ᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࡢຠᯝⓗ࡞᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᥦ᱌ࡍࢺࣉࢵࢺࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᚰ᥃ࡅࡿࠋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀ࡛ࡶࠊᐇ㝿ࡢάࡁࡓⱥㄒࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ᮏ✏ࡢᡭ㡰࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ➨㸰ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊ➹⪅ࡀࢩࣙࣥࡸⱥㄒᩥ໬ࢆᩍ࠼ࡿ᫬㛫ࡣ኱ᖜ࡟୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟ࡜ゝࢃࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸ࠋࢳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ➨㸱ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊྠࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࡢ἟ὠ㧗ᑓ࡛ࡣࠊᮏ⛉ 4 ᖺࠊ5 ᖺ࡛ࡶ 5 ᖺࡢ㑅ᢥⱥㄒᣦᑟ㡯┠࡜ᣦᑟ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ➨㸲ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊ⛉┠ࡢ࠺ࡕࡢ୍ᩍ⛉ࢆ㝖࠸࡚ࠊ␗ᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࡢ⛉┠ࡀ୍Ꮫ⏕ࡓࡕࡢྛㄢ㢟࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊษ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ኱༙ࡢᏛ⏕㐩ࡣ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜እᅜᩥ໬ࡢࢥ➨㸳ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣྠࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࡢᨵၿࡍ࡭ࡁⅬ࡜࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࡸᛮ⪃᪉ἲࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡘ࠸㧗ᑓࡢᮏ⛉⏕ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿ␗ᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࡢ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡚ࡣṤ࡝▱㆑ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ࡲࡲ༞ᴗࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ἟ὠ࡜ㄽࡌࡿࠋ᭱⤊ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣ௒ᅇᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࡢ࠸࠺ᅵᆅ᯶࡟ࡼࡾࠊᏛ⏕㐩࡟ࡣ␗ᩥ໬᥋ゐࡢᶵ఍ࡶṤ

ᡂᯝࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊ㧗ᑓ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࡢព⩏࡝࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ➹⪅ࡣᖖࠎࠊᮏᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࡢᚲせᛶࢆ③ឤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㸰㸬ࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᩥ໬ᩍ⫱ࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ௒ᖺᗘࠊ➹⪅ࡣ἟ὠ㧗ᑓ࡛ࡶ௒ᚋṇつ࣒࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛ࡟␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝᩍ⫱ࢆ᪋ࡍ⛉࣑ࢽ◊✲ࡣᏛ⏕࡟ศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸⾲⌧࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ␗ᩥ໬┠࡞࠸ࡋࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀᑟධࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀ⌮ゎࠖࢆࢸ࣮࣐࡟ᥖࡆࡓࡀࠊ➹⪅ࡣࡇࡢ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࠊ༢࡞ࡿ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎࡢ᪉ἲࢆᏛࡪࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡜ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊࡢ἟ὠᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ᰾ᚰ࡟࠶ࡿ ࠕᩥ໬࡬ࡢẼ௜ࡁࠖࢆព࿡ࡍࡿ “culturalNational Institute of Technology, Numazu
Collegeawareness” 㸦Critical cultural awareness ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ1

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沼津工業高等専門学校研究報告ࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸧ࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚ᵓᡂࡋࡓࠋ第 51 号

ࡽࢀࡿࠋ“cultural awareness”࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕࡣࠊⱥㄒᅪ࡛ࡣ㎡᭩࡟ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ➹⪅ࡣࠊᤵᴗෆࡢࢱࢫࢡ㸭࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣦ࢕ࢸ

ࡶ㍕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣᴫᛕ⮬యࡀ࠶ࡲࡾ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࢕㸭ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢሙࢆ⤌ࡴ࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡀ࠾ࡽࡎࠊᐃ╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿヂㄒࡶ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠕᩥ࡞࡟࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿㄢ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⮬௚ࡢᩥ໬ࠊ໬࡬ࡢẼ௜ࡁࠖࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋᩥ໬࡬ࡢẼ௜ࡁ࡜ࡣ Byram౯್ほࠊே⏕ほࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᵝᘧࠊ⾜ືᵝᘧ㸦1997㸧ࡢᐃ⩏࡟ࡼࢀࡤࠊḟࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ 3➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᏛࡧࢆᚓࡿ᪉ἲㄽࡶ⩦ᚓ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᕤࠋ

ኵࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡿᏛ⩦ࡢ࡞࠿࡛ࡣࠊ

Criticalculturalawareness/politicalᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡀᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚᭩≀ࡸ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚Ꮫ⩦education (savoir s’engager)ࡍࡿẁ㝵࠿ࡽࠊᙼࡽࡀᚎࠎ࡟⮬㌟ࡢᩥ໬ࠊᛮ⪃ࠊ⾜ືAn ability to evaluate critically and on the࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮬ᕫほᐹࠊ⪃ᐹࡍࡿᏛ⩦ẁ㝵࡬࡜⛣⾜࡛ࡁࡿbasis

perspectives,ࡼ࠺ࠊḟࡢ୕ࡘࡢㄢ㢟ࢆ୚࠼ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡀࢫࢸࢵࣉࢆ㋃

practice and products in one’s own and otherࡴࡼ࠺ᵓᡂࡋࡓࠋලయⓗ࡞Ꮫ⩦ㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣḟࡢࢭ

cultures and countries .

ࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ㏙࡭ࡿࠋ

ofexplicit

criteria(Byram 1997, p.53)

ᩥ໬࡬ࡢẼ௜ࡁࡢලయⓗ࡞┠ᶆ㸦⬟ຊ㸧࡜ࡣ Byram ࡟㸱㸬ࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࡢᣦᑟ㡯┠࡜Ꮫ⩦ㄢ㢟ࡇࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡣࠊᢸᙜᩍဨࡀ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎࡢࡓࡵࡢᯟ⤌ࡼࢀࡤḟࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡳ࡜࡞ࡿ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛࡢㅖᴫᛕࢆㄝ᫂ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ௨እࡣࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࠊ90 ศᤵᴗ 15 ᅇ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟

Objectives (ability to):(a)indentifyandinterpret

explicitorᤵᴗእᏛ⩦ࡢࡍ࡭࡚ࢆ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭࣮ࣛࢽࣥࢢࡢᡭἲ

implicit values in documents and events in――Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡀㄪ࡭࡚Ⓨ⾲ࡍࡿᏛ⩦ࠊ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࢆㄞࢇ࡛ࡁ

one’s own and other cultures;ࡓୖ࡛ࡢࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠊඹྠᏛ⩦ࠊඹྠⓎ⾲㸦࣑(b) make an evaluative analysis of theࢽ◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍ࡢ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲㸧――࡜࠸࠺ᵓᡂ࡟ࡼࡿᤵ

documents and events which refers to anᴗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋᏛ⏕㐩ࡢẖᅇࡢᤵᴗࡢࡓࡵࡢ᫬㛫እᏛ⩦᫬

explicit perspective and criteria;㛫ࡣࠊᖹᆒࡍࢀࡤᴫࡡ 1 ᫬㛫௨ୖ࡛࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢཷࡅ(c) interact and mediate in intercultural
exchangeinaccordance

with

ࡽࢀࡓࠋ

explicit

criteria, negotiating where necessary a➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟㸸

degree of acceptance of those exchanges by᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜እᅜᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊඹ㏻Ⅼ࡜┦㐪Ⅼࢆㄪ࡭

drawing upon one’s knowledge, skills andࡓୖ࡛Ⓨ⾲ࡍࡿࠋ

attitudes.

ࡇࡢㄢ㢟ࡣࠊByram ࡢ ICC ࣔࢹࣝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ”cultural(Byram 1997, p.53)

awareness” ࡢ ᩍ ⫱ 㸭 Ꮫ ⩦ ┠ ᶆ 㸦 ⬟ ຊ 㸧 㸦 Objectives
㸦ability to㸧㸧ࡢ࠺ࡕ ‘(a)indentify and interpretୖグᘬ⏝࡛㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡀᩥ໬

explicit or implicit values in documents and events࡬ࡢẼ௜ࡁࢆ㌟࡟╔ࡅࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊᙼࡽࡣᵝࠎ࡞in one’s own and other cultures’ࢆ⫱ࡶ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ≀஦ࢆ๓࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊᩥ໬࠿ࡽࡃࡿࠕ᫂♧ⓗࠊᬯ♧ⓗ౯್࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࢆ≉ᐃࡋࠊゎ㔘ࡋࠖ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡋࠊࠕ᫂♧ⓗ࡞࡞࠾ࠊ୕ࡘࡢㄢ㢟ࡍ࡭࡚࡟ඹ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᩥ໬ࢆ኱ᩥᏐつ⠊࡟ᚑࡗ࡚ࠖ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠼࡞ࡅ࡛ ጞ ࡲ ࡿ “Culture” ࡜ ᑠ ᩥ Ꮠ ࡛ ጞ ࡲ ࡿ “culture” ࡜ࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡑ࠺࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊᩥ໬࡬ࡢẼ௜ࡁࢆ⫱ᡂ࡟ศࡅࡿ Bennet (2008, Cited in 㧗஭ 2008) ࡟ࡼࡿᩥࡍࡿᩍ⫱ࡣࠊ༢࡟▱㆑ࢆᚓࡿࡼ࠺࡞ཷࡅ㌟ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛໬ࡢศ㢮ࡢෆࠊᑠᩥᏐࡢ “culture”ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࠕ୺ほ࡞ࡃࠊయ㦂ⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࡞ࡅࢀࡤຠᯝࡀᮃࡵ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ⓗせ⣲ࡢᙉ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛᪥ᖖ⏕ά࡟ᐦ╔ࡋࠊ㣗ᩥ໬ࡸヰࡋゝⴥࡢᩥ໬࡞࡝ேࠎࡢᛮ⪃ᵝᘧࡸ౯್ほ࣭ୡ⏺ほ࡟ᐦ

3 ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ ࢩࣙࣥ ⬟ຊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ␗ᩥ໬ 㛫⬟᥋࡟⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࠋእᅜேࡀእ࠿ࡽぢ࡚ࡶ࡞࠿ຊ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ cultural awareness ࡢᶵ⬟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᮏㄅ࡞࠿ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡙ࡽࡃࠊࡑࡢᩥ໬ෆ࡛㛗ᮇ㛫⏕άࡋ࡚ึࡵ

ᥖ㍕ࡢᮧᯇ(2017)ࡢ➨㸲ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥㄽࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

2

高等専門学校における異文化理解教育―「ミニ研究」のデザインと授業実践についての考察―81࡚ぢ࠼࡚ࡃࡿࡶࡢࠖ㸦㧗஭ヂࠊ㧗஭ 2008, p.58㸧࡟ࡘ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜እᅜᩥ໬ࡢẚ㍑◊✲࡞ࡽࡧ࡟⮬㌟ࡢ᪥ᮏᩥ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࢆ῝ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡋࡓ 4ࠋ໬ࡢ୰࡛ࡢ᣺ࡿ⯙࠸࣭ᛮ⪃᪉ἲ࣭ゝㄒ㸭㠀ゝㄒࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࢫࢱ࢖ࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄪ࡭Ꮫ⩦ࡸࢹ࢕ࢫ➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟㸸࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢෆᐜ㸦➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࠊ➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉ㸧ࢆእᅜேࡀእᅜேࡢ┠࠿ࡽࡳࡓ᪥ᮏே࡜᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸

㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊᅜ㝿♫఍࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ࡚ࣙグࡋࡓ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࢆㄞࡳࠊ᪥㡭⮬ศࡀ≉࡟ព㆑ࡏࡎ࡟ࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚᪥ᮏேࡣ࡝࠺ࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿᳨ウࡋࠊࡑࡢෆᐜࢆᐇ㊶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏே࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡶࡢࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲ࡍࡿࠋࢣ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࠊ⾜ືᵝᘧ࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࠊࡑࡢ⫼➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࠊ➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡣᬒ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᩥ໬ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ศᯒࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊእᅜேㄪ࡭Ꮫ⩦ࢆࡋࡓࡾࠊ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࢆㄞࢇࡔࡾࠊࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࡢࡑࢀࡽ࡟ࡶ┠ࢆྥࡅࠊࡑࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟࠶ࡿᩥ໬ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼࢩࣙࣥࢆࡋࡓࡾࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜እᅜᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋே㛫࡜ᩥ໬ࡢ㛵ಀ୍⯡࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࡝ࡕࡽ࠿࡜࠸࠺࡜㟼ࡇࡢㄢ㢟ࡣࠊඛ࡯࡝ࡢ Byram ࡢ ICC ࣔࢹࣝ࡟࠾ࡅⓗ࡞ศᯒࠊ⪃ᐹࢆࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ➨୕ࢫࢸࢵࣉ࡛ࡣࠊ

ࡿ ”cultural awareness” ࢆ 㧗 ࡵ ࡿ ᩍ ⫱ 㸭 Ꮫ ⩦ ࡢ ┠ ᶆࡑࡢ㟼ⓗ࡞ศᯒࠊ⪃ᐹࢆࠊᙼࡽࡀᅜ㝿♫఍࡛ά㌍ࡍࡿ

㸦 Objectives 㸧 ࡢ ࠺ ࡕ ability to ‘ (b) make anᮍ᮶ࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡬࡜⧅ࡆࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪥ᮏே㸦Ꮫ⏕㐩⮬㌟㸧

evaluative analysis of the documents and eventsࡣᅜ㝿♫఍࡛࡞࡟ࢆࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿᳨ウࡋ࡚㈔ࡗࡓࠋByram

which refers to an explicit perspective and criteria’ࡢ “cultural awareness” ࢆ 㧗 ࡵ ࡿ ᩍ ⫱ 㸭 Ꮫ ⩦ ࡢ ┠ ᶆ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

㸦 Objectives 㸧 ࡢ ࠺ ࡕ ability to ‘(c) interact andࡇࡢㄢ㢟࡛⏝࠸ࡓ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࡣࠊ୺࡟ࢥ࣭ࣜࣥࢪࣙ࢖

mediate in intercultural exchange in accordanceࢫⴭࠗࠕࢽࢵ࣏ࣥ♫఍ࠖධ㛛―ⱥᅜேグ⪅ࡢᢪ⭡࣏࣮ࣞwith explicit criteria, negotiating where necessary aࢺ ࠘㸦⏕άே᪂᭩ࠊ᪥ᮏᨺ㏦ฟ∧༠఍ࠊ2006㸧ᡤ཰ࡢdegree of acceptance of those exchanges by drawingᩘ⦅࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ௚࡟ࠊᏛ⏕㐩࠿ࡽูࡢసᐙࡢ᪥ᮏ

upon one’s knowledge, skills and attitudes.’ࢆヨࡍࡇᩥ໬ㄽࡶ⤂௓ࡋ࡚ḧࡋ࠸࡜ゝࢃࢀࠊཧ↷㈨ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚࢔

࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࢀࡤࡼ࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ἟ὠ㧗ᑓ࡛ࡣ␃Ꮫ

࣮ࢧ࣮࣭ࣅࢼ࣮ࢻⴭࠗள⡿฼ຍࢽࣔ㈇ࢣࢬ࠘㸦᪂₻ᩥ⏕ࡢᩘࡀᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ᪥ᮏேᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡣṤ࡝␗ᩥ໬

ᗜࠊ2014㸧ࡢ୰ࡢᩘ⦅ࡶ່ࡵࡓࠋࠗࠕࢽࢵ࣏ࣥ♫఍ࠖ஺ὶ࡛ࡁࡿ⎔ቃ࡟࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᑗ᮶ࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡀᅜ㝿ධ㛛࠘ࡣࠊ2009 ᖺ࡟ཎᩥ㸦 How to Japan―A Tokyo♫఍࡛ά㌍ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ഛ࠼ࡿㄢ㢟࡜ࡋࡓࠋ

Correspondent’s Take 㸧࡛ࡶฟ∧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢᮏ㸲㸬Ꮫ⏕ࡓࡕࡢㄢ㢟࡬ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝࡣࠊⱥᅜேࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣜࢫࢺࡢࢥ࣭ࣜࣥࢪࣙ࢖ࢫẶࡀ᪥ᮏ⁫ᅾ୰࡟ࠗࢽ࣮ࣗࢬ࢘࢕࣮ࢡ᪥ᮏ∧࠘࡟㐃㍕࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࡢࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊ๓ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ㏙࡭ࡓㄢ㢟࡟ᐤࡏࡓ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ㄽࡢࢥ࣒ࣛࢆ⧳ࡵࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠸ࡎᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡜Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᏛ⏕ࢀࡢࢥ࣒ࣛ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࢪࣙ࢖ࢫẶࡣ᪥ᮏࡢ㢼≀ࡸ᪥ᮏࡓࡕࡢᏛ⩦ᡂᯝࡸࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ㌍ືឤࡀ᭱ࡶศ

ேࡢ⾜ືࢆ࡜ࡾ࠶ࡆ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡢ᰾ᚰ࡟㏕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿሙ㠃ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࠕᇶ♏⦅㸸ࣉ࣮ࣝ࡟᪥ᮏ♫఍ࢆぢࡓࠖ࡜ࠕ࢞࢖ࢪࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚㸸᪥ᮏ♫఍ࡢࠕ࿴ࠖࢆ஘ࡏࡲࡍ࠿㸽ࠖ㸲㸬㸯㸬➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕㐩ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࢆㄞࡳࠊᏛ⏕ྛ⮬࡟᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜እᅜᩥ໬ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿどࡳ࡜Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝⅬ࠿ࡽࠊឤ᝿ࠊゎ㔘ࠊ⮬㌟ࡢ⤒㦂࡞࡝ࢆ㏙࡭ࡉࡏࠊ᫬➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ㝿ࠊᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡣ࣑ࢽ࡟ࡣ⛉┠ᢸᙜ⪅࡛࠶ࡿ➹⪅ࡀࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࣮ࢱ࣮ࢆົࡵ◊✲ࡢ࢚࢜ࣜࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㸦ึᅇᤵᴗ㸧࡛ࠊࠕᩥ໬ࠖࡣࡿ࠿ࡓࡕ࡛ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࣭ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡬࡜Ⓨᒎࡉࡏ኱ ᩥ Ꮠ ࡢ “Culture” ࡜ ᑠ ᩥ Ꮠ ࡢ “culture”ࡀ ༊ ศ ࡉ ࢀࡓࠋᚓࡿ࡜࠸࠺๓▱㆑ࢆ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡠࡲࡲࠊ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜እᅜᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ྛ⮬࡛᭩⡠ࡸ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࢆ౑ࡗ࡚๓ࡶࡗ࡚ㄪ࡭ࠊḟᅇࡢᤵᴗ࡛ࡣேࠎࡢᬽࡽࡋࡀศ࠿ࡿࡼ➨୕ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟㸸࠺࡟࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡍࡿࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࢆཷࡅࡓࠋ኱ ᩥ Ꮠ ࡢ “Culture” ࡜ ᑠ ᩥ Ꮠ ࡢ “culture” ࡜ ࠸ ࠺ᒚಟ⏕㐩ࡣ࣑ࢽ◊✲࡛ᢅ࠺እᅜᩥ໬ࢆ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡜༡

ᴫᛕ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᮏㄅᥖ㍕ࡢㄽᩥࠊᮧᯇ (2017) ࡢ➨࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ࡢ஧࢝ᅜ࡟⤠ࡾࠊ㣗࡭≀ࠊ⾰⿦࡞࡝ࠊ኱ᩥᏐ

4㸳ࢭࢡࢩࣙࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ヲ㏙ࡋࡓࠋ

3

ࡢ“Culture” ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡋࡓࠋᏛ⏕㐩ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏᩥ໬

82

沼津工業高等専門学校研究報告

第 51 号

ࡢሙྜ࡛ࡉ࠼ᑠᩥᏐࡢ “culture”࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ព㆑ࡋࡓࡾࠊ

どࡋࠊࡑࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᩥ໬ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ศᯒࡍࡿㄢㄽࡌࡓࡾࡋࡓ⤒㦂ࡀṤ࡝࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

㢟࡟⛣⾜ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ➹⪅ࡣࠊᤵᴗࡢᙜึ 4 ᅇศ࡯࡝ࡣࠊᏛ⏕㐩➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ⏕㐩ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡢ୍౛࡜ࡋࡀᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᛮ⪃ࡸ㆟ㄽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࠊᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡚ࠊ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖㞟ࠗࠕࢽࢵ࣏ࣥ♫఍ࠖධ㛛―ⱥᅜேグ⪅ࡢࡼࡾ῝ࡃ⪃ᐹ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࣮ࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ᢪ⭡࣏࣮ࣞࢺ―࠘ᡤ཰ࡢ୍⠍ࠊࠕ᪥ᮏ♫఍ࡢࠕ࿴ࠖࢆ஘ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ỵࡵࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡏࡲࡍ࠿㸽――࢞࢖ࢪࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚――ࠖࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ᫬ࡢ

Ꮫ⏕ࡓࡕࡀྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ኱ᩥᏐࡢ“Culture”――᪥ᮏࡢᐇ㆟ㄽࢆ⤂௓ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋྠ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࡣࠊእᅜேࡀ⮬ᅜࡢᩥ౛ࡣᑑྖࠊ࿴㣗ࠊ╔≀➼࡛࠶ࡗࡓ――ࡢ࡞࠿࡟ࡶࠊᮏ᮶ࠊ

໬ࡢ࡞࠿࡛㏻⏝ࡍࡿ᣺ࡿ⯙࠸᪉࡜᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡢ࡞࠿࡛ᮇ

ࡑࡢᩥ໬ᅪࡢேࠎࡢ⏕ࡁ᪉ࠊ౯್ほࠊ⨾ព㆑ࠊୡ⏺ほᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᣺ࡿ⯙࠸᪉ࡢ㛫࡛ⴱ⸨ࢆぬ࠼ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺

࡜࠸ࡗࡓᑠᩥᏐࡢ “culture”ࡀぢฟࡏࡿ୍౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࿴

࡞⾜ືࢆ࡜ࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿㏞࠺஦᯶ࡢ⨶ิ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡓ୍⦅㣗ࡢ᠜▼ᩱ⌮ࡸ࿴ⳫᏊࠊ╔≀ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࠊࡑࢀࡽࡀ᪥࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖࡟ࡑࡢ୍౛࡜ࡋ࡚ḟࡢ୍⠇ࡀฟ࡚ᮏࡢ⨾ព㆑ࡸ⢭⚄ᛶࢆⰍ⃰ࡃ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿⲔࡃࡿࠋ㐨ࡸ⳹㐨࡜㏻ᗏࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡢᐇ౛ࢆ⣒ཱྀ࡟ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵ

ྠ൉ࡢ᪥ᮏே♫ဨࡣࡳ࡞ẖᬌ㐜ࡃࡲ࡛ാ࠸࡚࠸

ࢩࣙࣥࢆ㔜ࡡࡿ࡞࠿࡛ࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡣ୕ᅇ┠ࡢᤵᴗࡃࡽ࠸

ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࠶࡞ࡓࡣ஬᫬ࡲ࡛࡟⮬ศࡢ௙஦ࢆ

࠿ࡽࠊᚎࠎ࡟ᑠᩥᏐࡢ “culture”࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡍࡿࢥࢶ

∦௜ࡅࡓࠋ࠶࡞ࡓࡢᅜࡢᩥ໬࡛ࠊࡲࡓ࠶࡞ࡓࡀ

ࢆᥗࢇ࡛࠸ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟ぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋ

఍♫࡜⤖ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿዎ⣙࡛ࡣࠊᖐᏯࡋ࡚ࡶᕪࡋᨭ

ࡑࡢ࠺ࡕࠊẚ㍑ⓗᾏእయ㦂ࡢከ࠸ᒚಟ⏕ࡢ୍ேࡀࠊ

࠼࡞࠸ࠋ࠶࡞ࡓࡣ఍♫ࢆฟࡿ㸽ࡑࢀ࡜ࡶᑡࡋ᫬

᪥ᮏࡢ㐨㊰ࡣ㏻ᖖࡣ㏻⾜ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࠊ㛫ࢆ₽ࡍ㸽࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᡭఏ࠸ࢆ㈙ࡗ࡚ฟࡿ㸽㸦ࢪࣙ࢖ࢫ 1995, p. 185㸧

ேࠎࡣ㊰ୖ࡛ࡣᬑ㏻ࡣᗙࡾ㎸ࡴேࡀ࠸࡞࠸ࡋࠊࡑࡇ࡛
ᩜ≀ࢆᩜ࠸࡚ၟ኎ࡋࡓࡾࠊ௙஦ࢆࡋࡓࡾࡋ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ༡
࢔ࣇ࡛ࣜ࢝ࡣࠊ㊰ୖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ேࠎࡣࡶࡢࢆ኎ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ

Ꮫ⏕㐩࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࢆ౑ࡗࡓᩥ໬⌮ゎࡣࠊ⮬ࡾࠊࣃࢯࢥࣥ࡜᳔Ꮚࢆᣢࡕࡔࡋ࡚௙஦ࢆࡋࡓࡾࠊ᏶඲

ࡽ㈨ᩱࢆ᥈ࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢసᴗࡼ

࡟ᗙࡾࡇࢇ࡛ࡃࡘࢁ࠸ࡔࡾࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ேࠎࡢ⾜ື㠃ࡢࡾࡶ㐭࠿࡟ពぢࡀฟࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࠶ࡿᏛ⏕ẚ㍑ᩥ໬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋྠᏛ⏕ࡣࠊࡉࡽ࡟᪥ᮏ࡜༡࢔ࣇࣜ

ࡣࠊᏛᰯ⏕άࡸ㒊άືࡢ࡞࠿࡛ࠊ⮬㌟ࡢពぢࡀ㞟ᅋ඲࢝ࡢ㛫࡟ࡣࠊ㊰ୖࡸබඹࡢ✵㛫࡟࠾ࡅࡿேࠎࡢࠕ⮬⏤ࠖయ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢពぢ࡜࠿࡞ࡾ㐪࠺᫬ࡢࡇ࡜࡟ゝཬࡋࠊᮏᙜࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࢆᥦ㉳ࡋࡓࠋࡣ⮬㌟ࡣ඲ࡃ㐪࠺ពぢ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ࠊሙࡢ✵Ẽࢆㄞࢇ࡛ࡇࡢࠕ⮬⏤ࠖࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡜࠸࠺㆟㢟ࡣᏛ⏕㐩࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㌟୍ษពᛮ⾲♧ࡏࡎࠊ࿘ᅖ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚ゝືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬ࡢ

㏆࡟࠶ࡿษᐇ࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝

ᚰ᝟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࠊ௚ࡢ஧ேࡀඹឤࡋࡓࠋᏛ⏕㐩ࡣࡑࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆࡋࡓ㡭࠿ࡽࠊࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࡢᤵᴗ࡛Ꮫ⏕㐩ࢀࡀ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࠿ࡽࡃࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᨵࡵ࡚⮬ぬࡋࡀᑠᩥᏐࡢ“culture” ࢆ᥀ࡾୗࡆࡿసᴗࠊࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࡓࡾࠊ࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡛ࡣࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⾜ືࡀ᥎ዡࡉࢀࡿࡇࣙࣥࢆᴦࡋࡴᵝᏊࠊᤵᴗࢆᘏ㛗ࡋࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ᕼᮃࡀቑ࡜࡟㦫࠸ࡓࡾࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ⮬ᩥ໬࡜␗ᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⌮࠼ࠊ஫࠸ࡢᚷ៸ࡢ࡞࠸ពぢࢆ㏙࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿሙࡀゎࢆ῝ࡵ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࠋ➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ୰࡛ࠊᒚಟ⏕ࡢ࡞࠿☜❧ࡉࢀࠊⰍࠎ࡞Ⓨゝࡸษࡾཱྀࡀᥦ♧ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞࠿ࡽࠊᤵᴗእ࡟ẖ㐌㸰᫬㛫௨ୖࠊᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㈨ᩱࢆ

ࡗࡓࠋㄪ࡭ࡓࡾࠊㅖᩥ໬ࢆẚ㍑ࢆࡋ࡚ពぢࢆ㏙࡭ࡓࡾࡍࡿᏛ㸲㸬㸰㸬➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕㐩ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌⩦࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࠊḟᅇࡢᤵᴗᅇ࡟ࠊࡑࡢሗ࿌ࢆ⾜࠺Ꮫ⏕ࡳ࡜Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝࡶ⌧ࢀࡓࠋẖᅇࠊ➹⪅ࡀࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡟ཧຍࡋࡓ

ࡸࡀ࡚ᤵᴗࡣࠊୖグ➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢẚ㍑ᩥ໬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡾࠊࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡾࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶࠊ⮬ࡽㄢ㢟ࢆ୍㒊⥅⥆ࡋࡓࡲࡲࠊ➨㸲㐌┠࠿ࡽ➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉ

ࡢຊࡔࡅ࡛ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᛮ⪃ࢆ῝ࡵࠊㄢࡢㄢ㢟ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊእᅜேࡢ┠࠿ࡽぢࡓ᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡸ᪥㢟ࡢゎỴ࡟ྥࡅ࡚⇕ᚰ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴጼໃࡀぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿᮏேࡢ᣺ࡿ⯙࠸࡟ࡘ࠸࡚グࡋࡓ࢚ࢵࢭ࢖ࢆㄞࡳࠊ᪥㡭ࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ➨୕ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⮬ศࡀ≉࡟ព㆑ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸᪥ᮏே࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࡶࡢࡢ⪃࠼ࡢᙼࡽࡢ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ

᪉ࠊ⾜ືᵝᘧࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥࢫࢱ࢖ࣝࢆᐈほ4ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜እᅜᩥ໬ࡢ ᑠᩥᏐࡢ “culture”

高等専門学校における異文化理解教育―「ミニ研究」のデザインと授業実践についての考察―࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ྛ⮬ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽព⩏῝࠸Ꮫࡧࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ83࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⪃ᐹࢆ⧳ࡵࡽࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ౛ඛࡢ➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡢ㛵㐃࡛࠸࠼ࡤࠊ᪥ᮏࡢ࠼ࡤࠊ࣮࢞ࢹࢽࣥࢢࡸᗞᅬ࡟ぢࡿ᪥ᮏ࡜࢖ࢠࣜࢫ࡜༡ᩥ໬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ᮏேࡢ⮬⏤࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡶ㆟࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ࡢୡ⏺ほࠊᏘ⠇ឤࠊ⨾ព㆑࡞࡝࡜࠸ࡗࡓ⧳ࡵㄽࡀ⥅⥆ࡉࢀࡓࠋᒚಟ⏕㐩࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊ㞟ᅋࡢ࡞࠿࡛⮬᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡣࠊ➹⪅ࡀୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞㌟ࡀሙࡢ✵Ẽࢆㄞࢇ࡛ࠊ⮬㌟ࡢពぢࢆゝ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾලయⓗ࡞ษࡾཱྀ࡛ᩥ໬ࢆ═ࡵࡿࡼ࠺່ࡵ࡚ࡶࠊ
ࠕ⮬⏤ࠖ㸦ゝࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾ㸧ࠊ⮬ࡽࡢᮃࡴࡼ࠺࡟⾜ື࡛ࡁ࡞࠿

࡜࠸࠺ᴫᛕࢆᰕ࡟ẚ㍑ᩥ໬ㄽ࡟⧅ࡆࡼ࠺࡜ດຊࢆ⥆ࡅࡗࡓࡾ㸦⾜ືࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡾ㸧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢࢫࢺࣞࢫࡸࣉࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ㣗ࠖ࡜ࠕᩍ⫱ࠖࢆࠕ⮬⏤ࠖ࡟⧅ࡆࡿ㈨ࣞࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ࡟㆟ㄽࡀཬࡧࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡶⱥㄒࡸ㡢ᴦࢆ㏻ࡌ

ᩱࢆᮏᰯᅗ᭩㤋࡛᥈ࡑ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ⮬ศࡓࡕࡀ࣑ࢽ࡚ධࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡸ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢᩥ໬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡶ

◊✲ࡢ㏵୰࡛ゎỴࡋࡓ࠸ㄢ㢟࡜ࡪࡘ࠿ࡾࠊࡑࢀࢆᑠࡉࡗ࡜⮬⏤࡟᣺ࡿ⯙࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜࠸࠺ኌࡀᣲࡀࡗ࡞ᐆ≀ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᢅ࠸ࠊఱ㐌㛫ࡶᡭᨺࡉ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡓࠋ

ࡿࠋࡑࡢⅬࡣ኱ኚ⣲ᬕࡽࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ➹⪅ࡢ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࢆ㑅ᢥᒚಟࡋࡓ᫬Ⅼ࡛ࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡣእࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡇࡑࡀேᩥ⣔ࡢ◊✲ࡢ㓬㓮࿡࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅜᩥ໬ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ▱ࡾࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺Ẽᣢࡕࡸ୍ᗘᾏእ࡛⏕ⴠ࡜ࡋ✰࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࡀࠊ㝈ࡽࢀࡓ◊✲᫬㛫ࡢάࡋ࡚ࡳࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺㢪࠸ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡾࠊ᪥ᮏᩥ໬࡜

ᯟࡢ࡞࠿࡛ே⏕ࢆ㉃ࡅࡿࡼ࠺࡞㔝ᚰⓗ࡞ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ㏣✲እᅜᩥ໬ࢆẚ㍑◊✲ࡋࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗࡓࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋࡓࡽࠊࡍࡄ࡟᫬㛫ษࢀ࡜࡞ࡿࠋぢ᪉ࢆኚ࠼ࡶࡋ࠿ࡍࡿ࡜᪥ᮏᩥ໬ࡢ୰࡛᪥ࡈࢁᑡࡋ❓ᒅࡔ࡜࠺ࡗࢀࡤࠊᒚಟ⏕㐩ࡣࠊࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ◊✲࡜ࡣࡍࡽឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ➹⪅࡟

㏣✲ࡀ⼺᪕≧࡟↓㝈࡟⥆ࡃࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㔝ᚰⓗ࡞ࡣពእ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡣࠊពᛮࡢࡲࡲ࡟⾜ື࡛ࢸ࣮࣐࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ࡟ࡣ⏝ព࿘฿࡞◊✲ィ⏬࡜⭾኱࡞᫬ࡁࡿࠕ⮬⏤ࠖࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡜࠸࠺ࢸ࣮࣐࡟᫬ࠎ❧ࡕᖐࡗ࡚㛫ࡸປຊࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᩍカࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࠸ࡓࠋ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ⣬ᖜ࡟㝈ࡾࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠕ⮬⏤ࠖࢆࡵࡄࡿ㆟ᒚಟ⏕ྛࠎࡀ➨ 13 ᅇᤵᴗᚋ࡟ᥦฟࡋࡓ◊✲άື᪥ㄅㄽࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㝿ࡣᏛ⏕㐩ࡣ௚ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ࡟ࡣࠊࠕ⮬⏤ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࡶ⤒῭ⓗ⮬⏤ࠊ⢭⚄ⓗ⮬⏤ࠊࡶᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ꮫࢇࡔࠋᙼࡽ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊእᅜᩥ໬࡟࠾ᨻ἞ⓗ⮬⏤࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࢸ࣮࣐ࡀ₍↛࡜ࡋࡍࡂ࡚࠸ࡅࡿᑠᩥᏐࡢ “culture”ࢆ᥀ࡾୗࡆࡿసᴗ࡟ࡣࠊ⮬ᅜᩥࡿࠊ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲࡬ྥࡅ࡚ࢮࣟ࠿ࡽࡸࡾ┤ࡍᚲせࡀ࠶໬࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢ ᑠᩥᏐࡢ “culture”ࢆ᥀ࡾୗࡆ

ࡿ➼ࠎࡢࡸࡸ㏵᪉࡟ᬽࢀࡓෆᐜࡀグࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ➹⪅ࡿసᴗࡀᨭ࠼࡜࡞ࡾࠊࡲࡓࡑࡢ㏫ࡢࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺

ࡣᏛ⏕㐩ࢆྏဂ⃭ບࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ⿵ㅮࢆ⤌ࢇࡔࠋࡇ࡜ࡀᴟࡵ࡚᫂☜࡟ぢ࡚ྲྀࢀࡓࠋ๓ࢭࢡࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࠊ

⤖ᯝⓗ࡟ฟ᮶ୖࡀࡗࡓ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲ࡢෆᐜࡣࠊ◊✲“cultural awareness”ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ‘self-reflection’ࡢᡭ㡰ࡣୖᡭࡃࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽᒚಟ

ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ‘reflective knowledge (reflexive knowledge)’⏕୍ேࡦ࡜ࡾࡀᐇ㝿࡟㦫ࡁࠊឤືࡋࠊ⣡ᚓࡋࠊ㆟ㄽࡋࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜㏙࡭ࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢ࣑ࢽ◊✲࡟࠾ࡅࡿᒚಟ࡚࠸ࡓᩥ໬ࢆࡵࡄࡿᏛࡧࡸᛮ⣴ࡢ⢭㧊ࡀ཯ᫎࡉࢀࡓࡶ

⏕ࡓࡕࡢᏛࡧࡀࠊ඲యࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࡲࡉ࡟ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ

ࡢ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋᙼࡽ⮬㌟ࡀ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡓ㏻ࡾࠊᙼ

࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࡢ⌮ㄽࡀࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࡢᩍࡽࡣࠊぢฟࡋࡓ」㞧࡛ࠊዟ῝ࡃࠊከᵝ࡞ഃ㠃ࢆᣢࡘಶࠎ⫱ᐇ㊶ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᐇドࡉࢀࡿሙ࡟❧ࡕ఍࠼ࡓࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ➹ࡢᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ 15 ศ⛬ᗘࡢ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲࡛⧳ࡵࡿ࡟

⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚༳㇟ⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࠶ࡓࡾࠊᮏ᮶ࡣ⡆༢࡟๭ࡾษࡗ࡚ㄒࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᩥ໬ࢆ᫬࡟༢⣧࡞஧㡯ᑐ❧ⓗ࡞ᴫᛕ࡟ⴠ࡜ࡋ㎸ࢇ࡛⧳㸲㸬㸱㸬➨୕ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⏕㐩ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ഴྥࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋࡳ࡜Ꮫ⩦ᡂᯝ➨୕ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠕᅜ㝿♫఍࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ␗㸳㸬௒ᚋࡢࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖ࡬ྥࡅ࡚ᨵၿࡍ࡭ࡁⅬᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟࠾࠸࡚᪥ᮏேࡣఱࢆࡍ࡭ࡁ

௒ᚋ෌ࡧࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣูࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ㏻

࠿ࠖࢆ⪃࠼ࡿㄢ㢟࡛ࡣࠊ➹⪅ࡀணᮇࡋ࡞࠸࡯࡝ࠊࢹࢫࡋ࡚㧗ᑓ࡛␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ᨵၿࡍ࡭ࡁ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡜Ꮫ⏕㐩ࡢᏛࡧ࡟࠾࠸࡚኱ᡂຌࡔࡗࡓ࡜ᛮⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊḟࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ➨୍࡟ࠊ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚Ꮫ⏕㐩࡟ࢮࣟ࠿ࡽ≉࠺ࡀࠊ࣏ࢫࢱ―Ⓨ⾲ୖ࡛ࡣṧᛕ࡞⤖ᯝ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
➹⪅ࡣᤵᴗ 3 ᅇศ࡛ࠊ➨୕ࡢㄢ㢟࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛ࡶࡽᐃࡢᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡿ➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟㔞ࢆῶࡽ࠸ࠊ➨୍ࢫࢸࢵࣉ࠿ࡽ➨୕ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡲ࡛ࡢ୕ࡘࡢㄢ㢟5ࡋࠊ୍᪉࡛ࠊᏛ⏕㐩࠿ࡽᩥ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ “self-reflection”

84

沼津工業高等専門学校研究報告

ࡸ “reflective knowledge” ࢆከࡃᘬࡁฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁ

第 51 号᫂ⓑ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡿᩍᮦࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ➨஧ࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢㄢ㢟ࡢ㔞ࢆቑࡸࡍ࡭ࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᒚಟ⏕㐩ࡀࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊᮏᰯࡢᏛ⏕㐩ࡣ␗ᩥ໬ࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࢆⓑ⇕ࡉࡏࡓࡾࠊᤵᴗእᏛ⩦ࢆఱ᫬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࢆཷࡅࡓ⤒㦂࡟ஈࡋࡃࠊᾏእ᪑⾜ࡸᾏእ⏕ά㛫ࡶ⥆ࡅࡓࡾࡋ࡚ࡑࡢᡂᯝࢆᤵᴗ࡛ᢨ㟢ࡍࡿጼࡣ༳㇟ࡢ⤒㦂ࠊ␗ᩥ໬஺ὶ⤒㦂ࡶ࡯ࡰⓙ↓࡛࠶ࡿᏛ⏕ࡀṤ࡝ⓗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ୍ᐃ⛬ᗘࡢᩍ⫱࣭Ꮫ⩦ຠᯝࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⤖ㄽ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ⮬㌟ࡢᩥ໬ࢆྵࡵ࡚ࠊᩥ໬࡜ࡣఱ࠿࡜࠸

௜ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ࡛ࡶࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏛ⩦‽ഛࡸணഛ▱㆑ࡀ࠶ࡲࡾ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ

࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ⬟ຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᙉࡃồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⌧ᅾࠊ἟ὠ㧗ᑓ࡛ࡶࠊ௒ᚋ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱ࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ

➨஧࡟ࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡀᩥ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿᏛ⩦ࢆ㔜ࡡࠊ≉ᐃࡢ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᏛ࡞࡝ࡢᩍ⫱ࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ᚲಟ⛉┠࡜ᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࣏ࢫࢱ࣮Ⓨ⾲➼࡟⧳ࡵࡿẁ㝵࡛ࡣࠊ≉ᐃࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾධࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸࡜➹⪅ࡣ⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡢᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᏛ⏕㐩ࡢゎ㔘ࡀṇࡋ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ྰ࠿ࢆᩍᖌࡀ☜ㄆࡋࠊࡶࡋࡑࡢゎ㔘ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ㄗࡾ࡛ᘬ↷ᩥ⊩࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ෌ࡧ㈨ᩱ࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊᏛ⩦ࡋ┤ࡍ᫬㛫࡜ᶵBennet, M. J.: Intercultural Communication: A఍ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࢆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ

Current Perspective. In Bennet, M. J. (ed.)ᢸᙜᩍဨࡣࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡀྲྀࡾୖࡆࡿእᅜᩥ໬ࡢ࠺ࡕࡢᑡ

Basic࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ୍ࡘ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㐀ユࡀ῝ࡃ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

Communication:࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽࠊᏛ⏕㐩ࡣࠊ▷᫬㛫࡛ㄢ㢟ࢆࡇ࡞ࡍࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ

Intercultural㐺ษ࡞◊✲ᡭ⥆ࡁࢆ࡜ࡽࡎࠊ≉ᐃࡢᩥ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⾲㠃translated in 㧗஭ (2008).

ConceptsofIntercultural

SelectedPress,(1998).

Readings,Cited

andByram, M.: Teaching and Assessing Interculturalⓗ࡞ほᐹ࠿ࡽᴟㄽ࡬࡜㣕㌍ࡋ࡚∦௜ࡅࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿྍ⬟Communicativeᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᏛ⏕ࡓࡕࡀ௬࡟ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ㄗࡗ

Competence,

Multilingual  Matters, 1997.

ࡓᩥ໬ゎ㔘ࢆⓎ⾲ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠼ࡤࠊ௚⪅࡟≉ᐃࡢᩥ໬࡟

Joyce,

㛵ࡍࡿඛධほࡸㄗゎࢆ᳜࠼௜ࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࠊ␗ᩥ໬Colin.

HowtoJapan―ATokyo⌮ゎᩍ⫱࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㏫ຠᯝ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵࠊὀពࡀ

Correspondent’s Take. Tokyo: NHK Publishing.

ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ(2009).
࢔࣮ࢧ࣮࣭ࣅࢼ࣮ࢻ: ள⡿฼ຍࢽࣔ㈇ࢣࢬ, ᪂₻♫,(2014).

㸴㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟᪥ᮏࡢᏛᰯᩍ⫱ࡢ⌧≧࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫࡸࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮࣭ࢥ࣭ࣜࣥࢪࣙ࢖ࢫ:ࠕࢽࢵ࣏ࣥ♫఍ࠖධ㛛―ⱥᅜேグ⪅ࡢᢪ⭡࣏࣮ࣞࢺ, ᪥ᮏᨺ㏦ฟ∧༠఍, (2006).

ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣭ࣝࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝ➼ࡢ୍㒊ࡢ㧗ᰯࢆ㝖ࡅࡤࠊⱥㄒ⛉┠ࡢࢩࣛࣂࢫࡣᩥἲ㡯┠୰ᚰ࡟⤌ࡲࢀࠊᤵᴗࡢ

㧗஭཰: ␗ᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᩍ⫱ࡢヨࡳ ―㧗ࢥ኱༙ࡢ᫬㛫ࡀᩥἲᣦᑟࠊᩥἲၥ㢟ࠊᩥἲヂㄞ᪉ᘧ࡟඘ࣥࢸ࢟ࢫࢺᩥ໬࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢತྃ, ゝㄒࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᗈ࡚ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢཷࡅࡽࢀࡿࠋ➹⪅ࡀᩍ㠴ࢆᇳࡿሗ language studies, 16, (2008. 1), pp.57-62.

἟ὠ㧗ᑓࡢ⌧⾜࣒࡛࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡣࠊⱥㄒᩍ⫱ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚

ᮧᯇ┤Ꮚ: 㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᩥ໬⌮ゎᩍ⫱̿␗ⱥㄒࡢㄒᏛຊࡣ⫱ᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᮏ✏࡛ㄽࡌࡓࠕ␗ᩥᩥ໬ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ⬟ຊ⫱ᡂࡢࡓࡵࡢ⌮ㄽ໬㛫⬟ຊࠖࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡣᚲಟ໬ࡉࢀ

࡜࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ̿,἟ὠᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ◊✲ሗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ 5ࠋ௒ᅇࡢࠕ࣑ࢽ◊✲ࠖࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᒚಟ⏕㐩ࡀ࿌, 51, (2017), pp. 75-78.

ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ⱥㄒࡢゝㄒ⬟ຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿᩍ⫱௨እ࡟ࠊ␗ᩥ໬㛫⬟ຊࢆ⫱࡚ࡿᩍ⫱ࢆṤ࡝ཷࡅ࡚ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ5἟ὠ㧗ᑓࡢ⌧⾜࣒࡛࢝ࣜ࢟ࣗࣛࡣࠊ5 ᖺࡢ㑅ᢥⱥㄒ⛉┠ࠕⱥㄒㅮㄞ %ࠖࡢࡳ⮬ᩥ໬ࠊ␗ᩥ໬ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿ⬟ຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࢩࣛࣂࢫୖࡢᤵᴗ┠ᶆ࡟ྵࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊFXOWXUDODZDUHQHVV ࡸ␗ᩥ໬㛫⬟ຊ➼ࠊ␗ᩥ໬㛫࡛Ⓨ᥹ࡉࢀࡿᐇ㊶ⓗࢫ࢟ࣝࡸ⬟ຊࢆ⫱ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࢩࣛࣂࢫ࡟ᥖࡆ࡚࠸ࡿ⛉┠ࡣⓙ↓࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

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