[Example of the body of the text (First Submission)]
ELABORATION OF CLAUSE STRUCTURES・ Capitalize all letters in the title.
・ Do not write the author’s name or affiliation.

Abstract
It will be argued, along with Culicover (1991, 1993), that there exists …………………..
between IP and CP. This maximal projection syntactically behaves similarly ……………..
as is claimed by Rizzi (1995). …… will be called the “Split-Comp Hypothesis.”*・ The abstract should be approximately 100 words, and should bedifferent from the Introduction, Conclusion or Summary.
・ An abstract should not be attached to Notes and Discussion.

Keywords: clause structure, Topicalization, adjunction, government
・ Provide three to five keywords in italics.

・ A (Review) Article should be limited to approximately 13,000 words
and a contribution to Notes and Discussion to approximately 4,000
words, including the main text, references and footnotes.
・ 12-point type should be used, with 25 lines per page, on A4 or letter
size paper with margins of 2.5 cm (1 inch) on all sides of the paper.
・ Starting with the first page of the main text, number all pages serially,including references and footnotes. The page number should be put inthe center of the bottom of each page.

1. Introduction
Lasnik and Saito (1992: Ch. 3) argue that the operation of Topicalization …….. to theantecedent-government requirement of the ECP (Empty Category Principle), and adjoins a
topicalized element to …………………………………………………………………………
・ Each section should be numbered and provided with a heading.
・ Indent paragraphs.
・ Use “and” rather than an ampersand (&) when writing the names of twoauthors.
・ Put a space after a colon.
・ Capitalize only the initial letter of the names of Rules and Operations.
・ Capitalize all letters in acronyms. Spell out acronyms in parentheses
following their first occurrence.

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[Example of the body of the text (First Submission)]・Put one blank line between sections

2. Pre-subject Position and the Split-Comp Hypothesis
・Use a lower-case letter after a hyphenated derivational prefix.
・ Use a capital letter for the initial letter of each part of a compound when
hyphenated.

2.1. Applicability of Topicalization
As is clear from (1a, b) and (2a-c), Topicalization can apply in …………………………
・ Enclose example numbers within parentheses.
(i) (1a, b): where there are two examples (whether they areconsecutive or not).
(ii) (2a-c): where there are more than two consecutive examples.

… when the embedded clauses are headed by the complementizer that, but not when they lackit (Grimshaw (1992, 1994)):
・Italicize the word under discussion.
・ Enclose the year of publication within parentheses.

(1)

(2)

a.

John believes (that) Bill loves Mary.

b.

* John …………………………………

a.

Sue supposes ………………………..

b.
c.

* Sue supposes the apple, the students have eaten t.
Sue supposes that ……………………

・ Indent examples. Put a space after example numbers and after
sub-headings (a, b, i, ii, etc.) of examples.
・ Line up the beginnings of example sentences.
・ Italicize traces.

Note in passing that Japanese, ………………….or not:1
・ Footnote numbers in the body of the text should be written as
superscript numerals, and should be placed after punctuation marks.

2

[Example of the body of the text (First Submission)](3) * Daremo-ga
everyone-Nom

Hanako-wa

Taro-gaaishiteru

Hanako-Top

Taro-Nom love

to …
Comp ….

‘Everyone thinks that Hanako, Taro loves.’
・Use a capital for the initial letter of the gloss of a particle after a hyphen.

Though the complementizer to ‘that’ in (3) can be …………………………………………...
・ Examples not in English must be translated into English. Enclose thetranslation within single quotation marks.

On the assumption that adjunction is possible to X'', i.e. a maximal projection, ………..
but not to X', i.e. a non-maximal projection (cf. Chomsky (1986a: 67)), it must be supposedthat the topicalized phrases in (1b) and (2a) adjoin to I'', i.e., that they occupy a structural
position external to IP.

As will be discussed later (p. 25), it is not possible to assume ……

・Single/Double-prime notation should be used in place of bar notation.
・ Do not italicize common loanword abbreviations such as i.e., e.g., or etal.
・ Put a comma after “i.e.” and “e.g.” only when they are followed by aclause.
・ Put two spaces after the period at the end of a sentence.
・ Refer to page number as shown.
・ Italicize a word or phrase in the text to give emphasis to it.

・ Put one blank line between subsections.

2.2. Internal Structure of Infinitival Clauses
Yamada et al. (1996: 23, fn. 6) maintain, on the basis of the facts in (1)-(2) among others,
that “it is mandatory to assume the ‘Split-Comp Hypothesis’ …… of a clause.” .......
・ Enclose cited sentences within double quotation marks.
・ Enclose cited expressions contained in a cited sentence within singlequotation marks.
・ Closing quotation marks must follow punctuation marks.

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[Examples of References (First Submission)]・ References should follow the body of the text and precede notes, withthe heading “References.”

References
・ An article in a journal

Belletti, Adriana and Luigi Rizzi (1981) “The Syntax of ne: Some TheoreticalImplications,” The Linguistic Review 1, 117-154.

・ A doctoral dissertation

Bresnan, Joan (1972) Theory of Complementation in English Syntax, Doctoral dissertation,
MIT. [Published by Garland, New York, 1979]
・ A paper in a collected volume

Chomsky, Noam (1981a) “Principles and Parameters in Syntactic Theory,” Explanation inLinguistics: The Logical Problem of Language Acquisition, ed. by Norbert Hornsteinand David Lightfoot, 32-75, Longman, London.
・ Repeat the author’s name for multiple entries by the same author.

Chomsky, Noam (1981b) Lectures on Government and Binding, Foris, Dordrecht.
・ A reprint of an article in a journal

Emonds,Joseph(1972)“EvidenceThat

IndirectObject

MovementIs

aStructure-Preserving Rule,” Foundations of Language 8, 546-561. [Reprinted in The
Formal Analysis of Natural Language, ed. by Maurice Gross and Morris Halle, 1973,73-87, Mouton, The Hague.]・ The Proceedings of the nth Conference of The English Linguistic Society ofJapan

Fukumoto, Yosuke (2007) “On the Diversity of the Acceptability of Top-Wh Sequences inEnglish,” JELS 24, 41-50.
・ A paper written in Japanese

Hasegawa, Kinsuke (1983) “Bunpo no Wakugumi: Togoriron no Shomondai (TheFramework of Grammar: Problems in Syntactic Theory),” Gengo 12, Nos.5-10.
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[Examples of References (First Submission)]・ A collected volume

Huck, Geoffrey J. and Almerindo E. Ojeda, eds. (1987) Discontinuous Constituency, Syntaxand Semantics 20, Academic Press, New York.
・ A book written in Japanese

Kamio, Akio (1990) Joho no Nawabari Riron: Gengo no Kinoteki Bunseki (The Theory ofTerritory of Information: A Functional Analysis of Language), Taishukan, Tokyo.
・A review article

Lightfoot, David and Amy Weinberg (1988) “Review Article: Barriers, by Noam Chomsky,
MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1986,” Language 64, 366-383.
・ An oral presentation

Maruta, Tadao (1991) “An SC Analysis of English Focus Constructions,” paper presented at
the workshop “Ichi to Sokubaku (Positions and Binding)” in the 9th Conference of
the English Linguistic Society of Japan.
・ An unpublished paper

Pesetsky, David (1989) “The Earliness Principle,” ms., MIT. <http://web.mit.edu/linguistics/people/faculty/pesetsky/earliness.pdf>
・ Well-known proceedings (usually abbreviated)

Postal, Paul M. (1969) “Anaphoric Islands,” CLS 5, 205-239.
・ A dictionary

Quirk, Randolph et al. (1987) Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Longman,London.
・ A review article with a title

Yusa, Noriaki (1995) “Scope in Minimalist Syntax,” (Review Article: Syntax of Scope, byJoseph Aoun and Yen-hui Audrey Li, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1993,) English
Linguistics 12, 319-346.
・Proceedings

Zwicky, Arnold (1983) “An Expanded View of Morphology in the Syntax-Phonology
Interface,” Proceedings of the 13th International Congress of Linguists, 198-208.

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[Examples of Footnotes (First Submission)]・ Write footnotes on a separate page with the heading “Footnotes.”
・ Instructions for footnotes are the same as those for the body of the text
except that Roman numerals should be used for example numbers infootnotes.

FOOTNOTES
1

Seisaku Kawakami (personal communication) observes that ……

2An anonymous reviewer for EL has pointed out that ……

3

As is observed by Oba (1997), Topicalization does not always apply in that-clauses, inparticular, in so-called factive clauses:(i) a. * They complain that the apples, the student ate t.
b. * We regret that Mary, John loves t.
4Takami (1996: 34) observes, from the perspective of functional syntax, that the operation…… as is shown in (i)-(iii):5(i)I long for ……

(ii)

I manage to ……

(iii)

I wonder ……

The contrast between the (a)- and the (b)-sentences in (8)-(10) might be ……

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