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Hot Spring Microorganisms and Human Life
Hideyuki NAGASHIMA+

Abstract
Microorganisms such as bacteria, microalgae, and protozoa live in hot spring sources
and fumaroles. They are mostly thermophiles. Eukaryotes can live in hot springs up to
about 0*, and an Archaea, speciﬁc prokaryote, can live in a submarine vent up to +,,.
Some microorganisms show thermo-acidophilic properties. Bacteria are sometimes foundin artiﬁcial hot spring facilities. They are not speciﬁc hot spring microorganisms, but
general bacteria living in usual environments. A genus Legionella is one of the pathogenic bacteria, and we need to prevent the disease from the spreading. On the other hand,some hot spring microorganisms are useful for human life. Thermal muds (fango) are
mixed with microalgae and are treated with our bodies for medical care and for beauty.
DNA polymerase necessary for DNA analysis are isolated from thermophilic bacteria.
Key words : Thermophile, Acidophile, Microorganisms, Legionella, Thermal mud, DNAanalysisῒῑ !"# $%&'() *+,+( %'-%./012 34
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Madigan, M.T., Martinko, J.M., Parker, J. (,**-) : Brock Biology of Microorganisms, +*+3 p.,
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cultivation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., +*/, +*3.3ῌ+*3/..
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