Home Network System（HNS）[1][2][3][4]Implementing Integrated Services ofNetworked Home Appliances Using
Service Oriented Architecture

Presenter: Hiroshi IgakiSoftware Engineering Lab.

HNS is a system consisting of several
networked home appliances and adds morevalue to the daily life.
The appliances in HNS are controlled
together to provide integrated services.
DVD, TV, Lights, Air Conditioner, Thermometer,etc.

[1]DLNA， (2004) Digital Living Network Alliance， [Online]， Available: http://www.dlna.org/ [2004].
[2]ECHONET， (2004) ECHONET CONSORTIUM， [ONLINE]，Available: http://www.echonet.gr.jp/english/ index.htm [2004].
[3]Hitachi. (2004) Horaso Network Service， [ONLINE]， Available: http://ns.horaso.com/ [2004].
[4]LG E.， (2004) Home Network， [ONLINE]， Available: http://www.lge.com/products/homenetwork/homenetwork.jsp

2

Conventional HNS(Server CentralizedArchitecture)

HNS Integrated Services

DVD

User

1ON，OFFDVD Theatre Service

User 1 DVD
ON

ON，OFF，SelectInput

Speaker
Auto Illumination Service Request

TVLight

DVD Theatre Service Request

22

3Illuminometer
1. User turns on the Light
2. Light adjusts its brightness to optimal basedon the current illumination.

LightHome ServerAuto-illumination Service

UserON，OFFVolumeControl
ChannelSelectON，OFFsetIllumination

1. User turns on the DVD
2. TV is turned on and Speaker Channel is set
as DVD-mode
3. Light becomes dark, adjusted based on
3illuminometer

ON，OFF，
getIllumination4

Problems on the conventional HNS:Interoperability(1/4)
DVDDVD
Proprietary protocol

Auto Illumination Service Request
DVD Theatre Service Request

LightUser
Illumino
meter

Gateway Mechanism

In order to operate appliance,
the home server needs to send
control command based on theseprotocols.

Home ServerUserTVSpeaker

Home ServerTVDVD Theatre Service Request

Illumino
meter

・The home server sends control
commands to the end devices
to control all devices directly.

・Almost all the conventional
HNS use the home server, inorder to realize integratedservice.

Proprietary protocol
Proprietary protocol

LightIllumino
meter

Problems on the conventional HNS:Interoperability(1/4)

Auto Illumination Service Request

TVSpeaker

Proprietary protocol

Speaker

Proprietary protocol

Light
Proprietary protocol

Illuminometer

If all appliances use same protocol,
implementation of the home serveris so simple.
561

Problems on the conventional HNS:System Extention(2/4)

Problems on the conventional HNS:Load Concentration(3/4)
DVDDVD

Proprietary protocol

Proprietary protocol

TVSpeaker

Auto Illumination Service Request
DVD Theatre Service Request

LightUser

Auto Temperature Control ServiceIllumino
meter

Coming Home Service

Gateway Mechanism

Coming Home Service

Proprietary protocol

Home Server

Auto Temperature Control Service

Gateway Mechanism

DVD Theatre Service Request

User

Home ServerTV
Auto Illumination Service Request

DoorACIn HNS User may add or modify thecontents of integrated services andappliance environment.

Thermometer

Proprietary protocol

SpeakerLightIlluminometer
Door
AC

Every Integrated services needs
the Home Server．
The number of appliances reflects
heavy workload of the server.

Thermometer

78Problems on the conventional HNS:Reliability(4/4)

Research Goal

DVD
Proprietary protocol

DVD Theatre Service Request

User
Auto Temperature Control Service
Coming Home Service

Gateway Mechanism

Auto Illumination Service Request

Home ServerTV
Proprietary protocol

Crash

SpeakerGoal Develop improved HNSLightIllumino
meter
Door

A crash of the server makes all the
integrated services unavailable

AC

Interoperability, Extendibility, Load-balancing,Reliability

Approach Design the SOA-based integrated services
with concrete service scenarios
 Evaluate the integrated services with agraph-based methodThermometer910Key Idea(1/2)

Example Service ScenariosSS1: Auto Illumination Service

SS2:Coming Home Service

SS3: DVD Theatre ServiceService layer provides appliance features as a service (a set ofexported methods)
service layer
Light.ON

When the user turns on the DVD player, the light becomes dark. Then,the TV and the speaker start in the DVD mode.

SS4: Auto-TV Service

SS5: Ringing and Mute ServiceStandard Communication and Loose CouplingIf the user enters a room from the door, the light are turned on.



The brightness of the light is automatically adjusted based on thecurrent intensity of illumination with the illuminometer.

Each device has their own features.
Service layer enables generic protocols
and loose-coupling

When the user watches the TV, the speaker is turned on.
While the user is watching the TV, if the telephone rings, then thevolume of the speaker becomes small.

SS6: Auto Temperature Control Service SS7: Coming Home Service about Temperature SS8: Sleep Service

Light.setIlluminationLight
Exported Methods

generic
protocols11Illuminometer.ON
Illuminometer.getIllumination

device layerLight
Deviceproprietary
protocols

Illuminometer
Exported Methods

Illuminometer
Device122

Key Idea(2/2)

DVD

DVD_STV

TV_S

Autonomous Orchestration without serverSpeaker

Service Layer enables direct and autonomous communications
among appliances without any centralized servers.

Speaker_S
Light

Light_SUser

Light
Exported Methods

generic
protocols

Light.setIllumination
Illuminometer.on

Illuminometer.getIllumination

Illuminometer
Exported Methods

device layer

proprietary
protocolsIllumino
meter
DeviceService Layer
Java Web Service
Exported Method3{
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();
Exported} Method2{
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();}
ExportedMethod1{
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();}

Web server: Jakarta Tomcat 4.1.18
 Apache-AXIS 1.1
 Java2 SDK SE 1.4.1_02




SMI
Definition

Device Layer


SMI

Virtual Device component
phoneAC

AC_S

15

Thermometer

Thermometer_S
Service Layer

Exported Method3{
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
Exported Method2{
postProcess();
preProcess();}
deviceMethod();
postProcess();
ExportedMethod1{}
preProcess();
deviceMethod1();
postProcess();}

DMI is fixed

Implemented with java beans

SMI is implemented as
SMI
preProcess and postProcess
Contents are determined by SMI Def

Device layer

14

DMI
DMI

DMI

SMI
Definition

Exported Method3{
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();
ExportedMethod2{}
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();}
ExportedMethod1{
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();
}

16

SMI
Definition

Implementation: Light Component Example

Example of Sequence diagramLight

phone_S

Implementation: Service template

Implementation of HNS prototype
Door

Door_S

3-1:DVD.ON
3-2:TV.ON
3-3:Light.ON
3-3:TV.SelectInput
3-4:Speaker.ON
3-5:Speaker.ChannelSelect
3-6:Speaker.VolumeControl
3-7:Illuminometer.ON
3-8:Illuminometer.getIllumination
3-9:Light.setIllumination

13

Illumino
meter

Illuminometer_S

Light
DeviceVirtual Device

Light.ON

Illuminometer

SMI
Illuminometer Service
Exported Method3{preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();}

Exported Method1{
preProcess();
deviceMethod();
postProcess();}
SMI
DefinitionSMIContext

setIllumination{
preProcess();
setIllumination();postProcess();}ON{
preProcess();ON();
postProcess();}

SSID ServiceURI
1 http://illuminometer.home.net/service.jws
1 http://illuminometer.home.net/service.jws
setIllumination()
1 nullON()

17

DMI

DMI

SMIDefinition

Virtual Light Device

service layer

User

Pre/Post methodName paramName paramType paramValue
preON
null
null
null
post
getIllumination null
null
null
null
null
null
null
null

SMI Definition of Light Service

18

3

n-reliability based on SDP
Algorithm[7]Design metrics of HNS
Reliability Workload CouplingLight.ON

User

Illuminometer.ON

0.95




19

0.996
0.994
0.992
0.99
345678# of Scenarios(=n)

Reliability
each web service=0.999
Home Server=0.992 (=0.9998)(To evaluate the reliability relevantto the architectural differences, wedon’t consider any faults of otherelements)

n-reliability for SCA becomes equal to thereliability of the home server In SOA, the eight scenarios are executed by thedistributed services. So higher fault tolerance
than the SCA-based ones.

UserDegree of dependence of a component against othercomponents
 Components in conventional HNS are heavily dependent
on the HS, so the crash of Home Server is fatal.
DVD_S

Gateway Mechanism

Home Server

TV_STV

User

DVDTV

Speaker_S

SpeakerLight_S

Light

Light

Illuminometer_S

Illumino
meter
Door
AC

Door_S

Thermometer

20

Speaker
User

DVDTV

Speaker_S

SpeakerLight_S

Light

Light

Illuminometer_S

Illumino
meter
Door
AC

phone_S

Door_S

AC_S
Thermometer_S
Service Layer

Illumino
meter
DoorphoneAC
Thermometer22
Device layer

Related WorkUser

DVD_STVThermo
meter

21

CouplingSpeaker

0.97

TV_S

Other design metrics

DVD0.88

Usage frequency of the service scenarios
SOA-based HNS, it’s relatively easy to perform
flexible design changes reflecting the workloadDVD

0.9Workload

Gateway Mechanism

SOA0.8Other design metrics

Home Servern-Reliability

SCA

0.9
0.78 1.00.99

Illuminometer[7] T.， Tsuchiya， T.， Kajikawa， and T.， Kikuno， (2000) 'Parallelizing SDP (Sum of Disjoint Products) Algorithms for Fast Reliability
Analysis'， IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems， Vol.E83-D， No.5， May ， pp.1183-1186.

12ON，
getIllumination

Present each service scenario as a labeled directed graphFor a given HNS with integrated service scenarios we define n-reliability as theprobability that at least n service scenarios are operational in the HNS.
Reliability of each node and edge are given, the SDP calculates reliability that atleast one of specified set of service scenarios.

n-Reliability: Result0.998

LightLight.setIllumination
Illuminometer.getIllumination

Illuminometer_S

1.01ON
setIllumination

Light_S

phone_S
AC_S
Thermometer_S
Service LayerBPEL4WS
Standard service orchestration framework
Creating new service integration with XML-based
language definition
 Needs a centralized server for orchestration
 Takes over the same problems of conventional
HNS


Illumino
meter
DoorphoneAC
Thermometer23
Device layer

244Discussion:Advantage

Discussion:Limitation

Interoperability is improved Fault-tolerant and load-balanced
 Easily modifying and updating the integrated
service

25

Cost of Appliances Communication Overhead Global management
26

Future plan

Detect and resolve feature interaction
problemFI problem occurs, since multiple users canactivate multiple services simultaneously in theHNS.

275