ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
for Imaging Equipment
Partner Commitments

Following are the terms of the ENERGY STAR Partnership Agreement as it pertains to the manufacture
and labeling of ENERGY STAR qualified products. The ENERGY STAR Partner must adhere to thefollowing partner commitments:

Qualifying Products
1. Comply with current ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria, which define performance requirements andtest procedures for Imaging Equipment. A list of eligible products and their corresponding Eligibility
Criteria can be found at www.energystar.gov/specifications.
2. Prior to associating the ENERGY STAR name or mark with any product, obtain written
certification of ENERGY STAR qualification from a Certification Body recognized by EPA for Imaging
Equipment. As part of this certification process, products must be tested in a laboratory recognized by
EPA to perform Imaging Equipment testing. A list of EPA-recognized laboratories and certification
bodies can be found at www.energystar.gov/testingandverification.

Using the ENERGY STAR Name and Marks
3. Comply with current ENERGY STAR Identity Guidelines, which define how the ENERGY STAR nameand marks may be used. Partner is responsible for adhering to these guidelines and ensuring that its
authorized representatives, such as advertising agencies, dealers, and distributors, are also incompliance. The ENERGY STAR Identity Guidelines are available at www.energystar.gov/logouse.
4. Use the ENERGY STAR name and marks only in association with qualified products. Partner may notrefer to itself as an ENERGY STAR Partner unless at least one product is qualified and offered forsale in the U.S and/or ENERGY STAR partner countries.
5. Provide clear and consistent labeling of ENERGY STAR qualified Imaging Equipment.
5.1. The ENERGY STAR mark must be clearly displayed:
5.1.1. Either on the top/front of product or through electronic messaging that is pre-approved by
EPA. Labeling on the top/front of product may be permanent or temporary. All temporary
labeling must be affixed to the top/front of product with an adhesive or cling-type application;
5.1.2.On the manufacturer’s Internet site where information about ENERGY STAR qualified
models is displayed. Specific guidance on using the ENERGY STAR mark on Internet sites
is provided in the Web-Based Tools for Partners document;
5.1.3. Either in product literature (e.g., user manuals, specification sheets, etc.) or in a separatebox insert that provides educational language about the product’s ENERGY STAR settings;
and5.1.4. On product packaging/boxes for products sold at retail.
Verifying Ongoing Product Qualification
6. Participate in third-party verification testing through a Certification Body recognized by EPA for
Imaging Equipment, providing full cooperation and timely responses, EPA/DOE may also, at its
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Partner Commitments

1

discretion, conduct tests on products that are referred to as ENERGY STAR qualified. These products
may be obtained on the open market, or voluntarily supplied by Partner at the government’s request.

Providing Information to EPA
7. Provide unit shipment data or other market indicators to EPA annually to assist with creation of
ENERGY STAR market penetration estimates, as follows:
7.1. Partner must submit the total number of ENERGY STAR qualified Imaging Equipment shipped in
the calendar year or an equivalent measurement as agreed to in advance by EPA and Partner.
Partner shall exclude shipments to organizations that rebrand and resell the shipments(unaffiliated private labelers).
7.2. Partner must provide unit shipment data segmented by meaningful product characteristics (e.g.,
type, capacity, presence of additional functions) as prescribed by EPA.
7.3. Partner must submit unit shipment data for each calendar year to EPA or an EPA-authorizedthird party, preferably in electronic format, no later than March 1 of the following year.
Submitted unit shipment data will be used by EPA only for program evaluation purposes and will beclosely controlled. If requested under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), EPA will argue that thedata is exempt. Any information used will be masked by EPA so as to protect the confidentiality of thePartner;
8. Report to EPA any attempts by recognized laboratories or Certification Bodies (CBs) to influence
testing or certification results or to engage in discriminatory practices.
9. Notify EPA of a change in the designated responsible party or contacts within 30 days using the My
ENERGY STAR Account tool (MESA) available at www.energystar.gov/mesa.

Performance for Special Distinction
In order to receive additional recognition and/or support from EPA for its efforts within the Partnership, the
ENERGY STAR Partner may consider the following voluntary measures, and should keep EPA informedon the progress of these efforts:
Provide quarterly, written updates to EPA as to the efforts undertaken by Partner to increaseavailability of ENERGY STAR qualified products, and to promote awareness of ENERGY STAR and
its message.

Consider energy efficiency improvements in company facilities and pursue benchmarking buildings
through the ENERGY STAR Buildings program.



Purchase ENERGY STAR qualified products. Revise the company purchasing or procurement
specifications to include ENERGY STAR. Provide procurement officials’ contact information to EPA
for periodic updates and coordination. Circulate general ENERGY STAR qualified product information
to employees for use when purchasing products for their homes.



Feature the ENERGY STAR mark(s) on Partner website and other promotional materials. If
information concerning ENERGY STAR is provided on the Partner website as specified by the
ENERGY STAR Web Linking Policy (available in the Partner Resources section of the ENERGYSTAR website), EPA may provide links where appropriate to the Partner website.

Ensure the power management feature is enabled on all ENERGY STAR qualified displays andcomputers in use in company facilities, particularly upon installation and after service is performed.

Provide general information about the ENERGY STAR program to employees whose jobs are relevantto the development, marketing, sales, and service of current ENERGY STAR qualified products.

Provide a simple plan to EPA outlining specific measures Partner plans to undertake beyond theprogram requirements listed above. By doing so, EPA may be able to coordinate, and communicate
Partner’s activities, provide an EPA representative, or include news about the event in the ENERGYSTAR newsletter, on the ENERGY STAR website, etc. The plan may be as simple as providing a list

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Partner Commitments2

of planned activities or milestones of which Partner would like EPA to be aware. For example,
activities may include: (1) increasing the availability of ENERGY STAR qualified products by
converting the entire product line within two years to meet ENERGY STAR guidelines; (2)demonstrating the economic and environmental benefits of energy efficiency through special in-store
displays twice a year; (3) providing information to users (via the website and user’s manual) about
energy-saving features and operating characteristics of ENERGY STAR qualified products; and (4)building awareness of the ENERGY STAR Partnership and brand identity by collaborating with EPA
on one print advertorial and one live press event.
Join EPA's SmartWay Transport Partnership to improve the environmental performance of thecompany's shipping operations. The SmartWay Transport Partnership works with freight carriers,
shippers, and other stakeholders in the goods movement industry to reduce fuel consumption,
greenhouse gases, and air pollution. For more information on SmartWay, visit
www.epa.gov/smartway.

Join EPA’s Green Power Partnership. EPA's Green Power Partnership encourages organizations to
buy green power as a way to reduce the environmental impacts associated with traditional fossil fuelbased electricity use. The partnership includes a diverse set of organizations including Fortune 500
companies, small and medium businesses, government institutions as well as a growing number ofcolleges and universities. For more information on Green Power, visit www.epa.gov/greenpower.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Partner Commitments

3

ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
Product Specification for Imaging Equipment
Eligibility Criteria
Version 1.2
Following is the Version 1.2 ENERGY STAR Product Specification for Imaging Equipment. A product shallmeet all of the identified criteria if it is to earn the ENERGY STAR.

1 DEFINITIONSA) Product Types:
1) Printer: A product whose primary function is to generate hard-copy output from electronic input. A
printer is capable of receiving information from single-user or networked computers, or other input
devices (e.g., digital cameras). This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as
printers, and printers that can be field-upgraded to meet the definition of an MFD.
2) Scanner: A product whose primary function is to convert hard copy originals into electronic
images that can be stored, edited, converted, or transmitted, primarily in a personal computing
environment. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as scanners.
3) Copier: A product whose sole function is to produce hard copy duplicates from hard copy
originals. This definition is intended to cover products that are marketed as copiers, andupgradeable digital copiers (UDCs).
4) Facsimile (Fax) Machine: A product whose primary functions are (1) to scan hard copy originals
for electronic transmission to remote units, and (2) to receive electronic transmissions forconversion to hard copy output. A fax machine may also be capable of producing hard copy
duplicates. Electronic transmission is primarily over a public telephone system, but may also be
via a computer network or the Internet. This definition is intended to cover products that aremarketed as fax machines.
5) Multifunction Device (MFD): A product that performs two or more of the core functions of a Printer,
Scanner, Copier, or Fax Machine. An MFD may have a physically integrated form factor, or it may
consist of a combination of functionally integrated components. MFD copy functionality is
considered to be distinct from single-sheet convenience copying functionality sometimes offeredby fax machines. This definition includes products marketed as MFDs, and “multi-function
products” (MFPs).
6) Digital Duplicator: A product sold as a fully-automated duplicator system through the method of
stencil duplicating with digital reproduction functionality. This definition is intended to coverproducts that are marketed as digital duplicators.
7) Mailing Machine: A product whose primary function is to print postage onto mail pieces. Thisdefinition is intended to cover products that are marketed as mailing machines.
B) Marking Technologies:
1) Direct Thermal (DT): A marking technology characterized by the burning of dots onto coated print
media that is passed over a heated print head. DT products do not use ribbons.
2) Dye Sublimation (DS): A marking technology characterized by the deposition (sublimation) of dye
onto print media as energy is supplied to heating elements.
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3) Electro-photographic (EP): A marking technology characterized by the illumination of aphotoconductor in a pattern representing the desired hard copy image via a light source,
development of the image with particles of toner using the latent image on the photoconductor todefine the presence or absence of toner at a given location, transfer of the toner to the final print
media, and fusing to cause the hard copy to become durable. For purposes of this specification,
Color EP products simultaneously offer three or more unique toner colors, while Monochrome EP
products simultaneously offer one or two unique toner colors. This definition includes Laser, Light
Emitting Diode (LED), and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) illumination technologies.
4) Impact: A marking technology characterized by the formation of the desired hard copy image bytransferring colorant from a “ribbon” to the print media via an impact process. This definition
includes Dot Formed Impact and Fully Formed Impact.
5) Ink Jet (IJ): A marking technology characterized by the deposition of colorant in small drops
directly to the print media in a matrix manner. For purposes of this specification, Color IJ products
offer two or more unique colorants at one time, while Monochrome IJ products offer one colorant
at a time. This definition includes Piezo-electric (PE) IJ, IJ Sublimation, and Thermal IJ. Thisdefinition does not include High Performance IJ.
6) High Performance IJ: An IJ marking technology that includes nozzle arrays that span the width ofa page and/or the ability to dry ink on the print media via supplemental media heating
mechanisms. High-performance IJ products are used in business applications usually served byelectro-photographic marking products.
7) Solid Ink (SI): A marking technology characterized by ink that is solid at room temperature andliquid when heated to the jetting temperature. This definition includes both direct transfer andoffset transfer via an intermediate drum or belt.
8) Stencil: A marking technology characterized by the transfer of images onto print media from astencil that is fitted around an inked drum.
9) Thermal Transfer (TT): A marking technology characterized by the deposition of small drops ofsolid colorant (usually colored waxes) in a melted/fluid state directly to print media in a matrix
manner. TT is distinguished from IJ in that the ink is solid at room temperature and is made fluidby heat.
C) Operational Modes:
1) On Mode:a) Active State: The power state in which a product is connected to a power source and isactively producing output, as well as performing any of its other primary functions.
b) Ready State: The power state in which a product is not producing output, has reachedoperating conditions, has not yet entered into any lower-power Modes, and can enter Active
State with minimal delay. All product features can be enabled in this state, and the product isable to return to Active State by responding to any potential inputs, including external
electrical stimulus (e.g., network stimulus, fax call, or remote control) and direct physicalintervention (e.g., activating a physical switch or button).

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2) Off Mode: The power state that the product enters when it has been manually or automaticallyswitched off but is still plugged in and connected to the mains. This mode is exited whenstimulated by an input, such as a manual power switch or clock timer to bring the unit into Ready
State. When this state is resultant from a manual intervention by a user, it is often referred to as
Manual Off, and when it is resultant from an automatic or predetermined stimuli (e.g., a delay timeor clock), it is often referred to as Auto-off. 13) Sleep Mode: A reduced power state that a product enters either automatically after a period ofinactivity (i.e., Default Delay Time), in response to user manual action (e.g., at a user-set time ofday, in response to a user activation of a physical switch or button), or in response to external
electrical stimulus (e.g., network stimulus, fax call, remote control). For products evaluated under
the TEC test method, Sleep Mode permits operation of all product features (including
maintenance of network connectivity), albeit with a possible delay to transition into Active State.
For products evaluated under the OM test method, Sleep Mode permits operation of all productfeatures considered Primary Function adders, albeit with a possible delay to transition into Active
State.
4) Standby: The lowest power consumption state which cannot be switched off (influenced) by theuser and that may persist for an indefinite time when the product is connected to the mainelectricity supply and used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.1,2 Standby is the
product’s minimum power state. For Imaging Equipment products addressed by this specification,
the “Standby” Mode usually corresponds to Off Mode, but may correspond to Ready State or
Sleep Mode. A product cannot exit Standby and reach a lower power state unless it is physicallydisconnected from the main electricity supply as a result of manual manipulation.
D) Media Format:
1) Large Format: Products designed for A2 media and larger, including those designed toaccommodate continuous-form media greater than or equal to 406 mm wide. Large-format
products may also be capable of printing on standard-size or small-format media.
2) Standard Format: Products designed for standard-sized media (e.g., Letter, Legal, Ledger, A3,
A4, B4), including those designed to accommodate continuous-form media between 210 mm and406 mm wide. Standard-size products may also be capable of printing on small-format media.
3) Small Format: Products designed for media sizes smaller than those defined as Standard (e.g.,
A6, 4”x6”, microfilm), including those designed to accommodate continuous-form media less than
210 mm wide.
4) Continuous Form: Products that do not use a cut-sheet media format, and that are designed for
applications such as printing of bar codes, labels, receipts, banners, and engineering drawings.
Continuous form products can be of small, standard, or large format.
E) Additional Terms:
1) Automatic Duplexing: The capability of a copier, fax machine, MFD, or printer to produce images
on both sides of an output sheet, without manual manipulation of output as an intermediate step.
A product is considered to have automatic duplexing capability only if all accessories needed to
produce duplex output are included with the product upon shipment.
2) Data Connection: A connection that permits the exchange of information between the imaging
product and one external powered device or storage medium.

1 For the purposes of this specification “mains” or the “main electricity supply” refers to the input powersource, including a DC power supply for products that operate solely off DC power.
2 IEC 62301 Ed. 1.0 – Household electrical appliances – Measurement of standby power.
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3) Default Delay Time: The time set by the manufacturer prior to shipping that determines when the
product will enter a lower-power Mode (e.g., Sleep, Auto-off) following completion of its primaryfunction.
4) Digital Front-end (DFE): A functionally-integrated server that hosts other computers andapplications and acts as an interface to imaging equipment. A DFE provides greater functionality
to the imaging product.
a) Type 1 DFE: A DFE that draws its DC power from its own AC power supply (internal orexternal) which is separate from the power supply that powers the imaging equipment. This
DFE may draw its AC power directly from a wall outlet, or it may draw it from the AC power
associated with the imaging product’s internal power supplyb) Type 2 DFE: A DFE that draws its DC power from the same power supply as the imaging
equipment with which it operates. Type 2 DFEs must have a board or assembly with aseparate processing unit that is capable of initiating activity over the network and can bephysically removed, isolated, or disabled using common engineering practices to allow power
measurements to be made.
c) A DFE offers three or more of the following advanced features:i.

Network connectivity in various environments;

ii.

Mailbox functionality;iii.

Job queue management;iv.

Machine management (e.g., waking the imaging equipment from a reduced powerstate);v.

Advanced graphic user-interface (UI);vi.

Ability to initiate communication with other host servers and client computers (e.g.,scanning to email, polling remote mailboxes for jobs); or

vii.

Ability to post-process pages (e.g., reformatting pages prior to printing).

5) External Power Supply (EPS): For the purposes of this specification, an External Power Supply:a) is designed to convert line voltage AC input into lower voltage AC or DC output;b) is able to convert to only one output voltage at a time;c) is sold with, or intended to be used with, a separate end-use product that constitutes theprimary load;d) is contained in a separate physical enclosure 3 from the end-use product;e) is connected to the end-use product via a removable or hard-wired male/female electricalconnection, cable, cord or other wiring;f)does not have batteries or battery packs that physically attach directly (including those thatare removable) to the power supply unit;

3 “Physical enclosure” refers to the housing of the products themselves, not their retail packaging.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

Page 4 of 17g) does not have a battery chemistry or type selector switch AND an indicator light or state ofcharge meter (e.g., a product with a type selector switch AND a state of charge meter is
excluded from this specification; a product with only an indicator light is still covered by thisspecification); andh) has nameplate output power less than or equal to 250 watts.
6) Network Connection: A connection that permits the exchange of information between the imaging
product and one or more external powered devices.
7) Functional Adder: Data and network interface that adds functionality to the marking engine of animaging equipment product and provides a power allowance when qualifying products according
to the OM method. Functional adders are classified by the state in which the interface is required
to remain while the imaging product is in Sleep Mode.
a) Primary Functional Adder: A Functional Adder that remains active while the imaging
equipment product is in Sleep Mode.
b) Secondary Functional Adder: A Functional Adder that can be inactive while the imaging
equipment product is in Sleep Mode.
8) Operational Mode (OM): For the purposes of this specification, a method of comparing productenergy performance via an evaluation of power (measured in watts) in various operating states, as
specified in Section 9 of the ENERGY STAR Imaging Equipment test method.
9) Typical Electricity Consumption (TEC): For the purposes of this specification, a method ofcomparing product energy performance via an evaluation of typical electricity consumption(measured in kilowatt-hours) during normal operation over a specified period of time, as specified
in Section 8 of the ENERGY STAR Imaging Equipment test method.
10) Marking Engine: The fundamental engine of an imaging product that drives image production. A
marking engine relies upon functional adders for communication ability and image processing.
Without functional adders and other components, a marking engine cannot acquire image data forprocessing and is non-functional.
11) Base Product: The most fundamental configuration of a particular product model, which
possesses the minimum number of functional adders available. Optional components andaccessories are not considered part of a base product.
12) Accessory: A piece of peripheral equipment that is not necessary for the operation of the baseproduct, but that may be added before or after shipment in order to add functionality. An
accessory may be sold separately under its own model number, or sold with a base product aspart of a package or configuration.
13) Product Model: An imaging equipment product that is sold or marketed under a unique model
number or marketing name. A product model may be comprised of a base product or a baseproduct plus accessories.
14) Product Family: A group of product models that are (1) made by the same manufacturer, (2)subject to the same ENERGY STAR qualification criteria, and (3) of a common basic design.
Product models within a family differ from each other according to one or more characteristics orfeatures that either (1) have no impact on product performance with regard to ENERGY STAR
qualification criteria, or (2) are specified herein as acceptable variations within a product family.
For Imaging Equipment, acceptable variations within a product family include:a) Color,b) Housing,

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

Page 5 of 17c) Input voltage and frequency,d) Input or output paper-handling accessories, ore) Any of the functional adders specified in Table 8.

2 SCOPE
2.1

Included Products

2.1.1

Commercially-available imaging equipment products that meet one of the Product Type definitionsin Section 1 and are capable of being powered from (1) a wall outlet, (2) a data or network
connection, or (3) both a wall outlet and a data or network connection, are eligible for ENERGYSTAR qualification, with the exception of products listed in Section 2.2.

2.1.2

An imaging equipment product must further be classified as either “TEC” or “OM” in Table 1,
below, depending on the method of ENERGY STAR evaluation.
Table 1: Evaluation Methods for Imaging Equipment

Equipment TypeMedia Format

Marking Technology

Digital DuplicatorStandard
LargeStandard

Fax MachineStandard

Mailing MachineAllDT, DS, EP, SI, TT
DT, DS, EP, SI, TT
StencilDT, DS, EP, SI, TT
IJ
DT, EP, IJ, TT

CopierMultifunction Device(MFD)

Standard
LargeStandard

Printer
Large or Small
Scanner

2.2

AllHigh Performance IJ,
DT, DS, EP, SI, TT
IJ
DT, DS, EP, IJ, SI, TT
High Performance IJ,
DT, DS, EP, SI, TT
IJ, Impact
DT, DS, EP, Impact, IJ,
SI, TT
N/A

ENERGY STAR
Evaluation Method
TEC
OM
TEC
TEC
OM
OM
TEC
OM
OM
TEC
OM
OM
OM

Excluded Products

2.2.1

Products that are covered under other ENERGY STAR product specifications are not eligible for
qualification under this specification. The list of specifications currently in effect can be found atwww.energystar.gov/products.

2.2.2

Products that satisfy one or more of the following conditions are not eligible for ENERGY STAR
qualification under this specification:i.
ii.

Products that meet the eligibility requirements for other ENERGY STAR productspecifications,
Products that are designed to operate directly on three-phase power.

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3 QUALIFICATION CRITERIA
3.1

Significant Digits and Rounding

3.1.1

All calculations shall be performed with actual measured or observed values. Only the final resultof a calculation shall be rounded. Calculated results shall be rounded to the nearest significant
digit as expressed in the corresponding specification limit.

3.1.2

Unless otherwise specified, compliance with specification limits shall be evaluated using exact
values without any benefit from further rounding.

3.2
3.2.1

General Requirements
External Power Supply (EPS): If the product is shipped with an EPS, the EPS shall meet the level
V performance requirements under the International Efficiency Marking Protocol and include thelevel V marking. Additional information on the Marking Protocol is available atwww.energystar.gov/powersupplies.
•

External Power Supplies shall meet level V requirements when tested using the Test Method
for Calculating the Energy Efficiency of Single-Voltage External Ac-Dc and Ac-Ac Power
Supplies, Aug. 11, 2004.

3.2.2

Additional Cordless Handset: Fax machines and MFDs with fax capability that are sold withadditional cordless handsets shall use an ENERGY STAR qualified handset, or one that meets
the ENERGY STAR Telephony specification when tested to the ENERGY STAR test method on
the date the imaging product is qualified as ENERGY STAR. The ENERGY STAR specificationand test method for telephony products may be found at www.energystar.gov/products.

3.2.3

Functionally Integrated MFD: If an MFD consists of a set of functionally integrated components(i.e., the MFD is not a single physical device), the sum of the measured energy or power
consumption for all components shall be less than the relevant MFD energy or power
consumption requirements for ENERGY STAR qualification.

3.2.4

Type 1 DFE Requirements: To qualify as ENERGY STAR, an imaging equipment product that issold with a Type 1 DFE shall use a DFE that meets the Digital Front End Power Supply Efficiency
Requirements listed in Section 3.5.

3.2.5

Type 2 DFE Requirements: To qualify as ENERGY STAR an imaging equipment product that issold with a Type 2 DFE, manufacturers should subtract the DFE’s energy consumption in Readymode for TEC products or exclude when measuring Sleep and Standby for OM products.
i. Section 3.3.2 provides further detail on adjusting TEC values for DFEs for TEC products;
ii. Section 3.4.2 provides further detail for excluding DFEs from OM Sleep and Standby levels.
iii. It is EPA’s intent that, whenever possible, the power associated with the DFE (Type 1 orType 2) should be excluded or subtracted from the TEC energy and OM power
measurements.

3.3
3.3.1

Requirements for Typical Electricity Consumption (TEC) Products
Automatic Duplexing Capability:i.

For color copiers, color MFDs, and color printers subject to the TEC test method, automatic
duplexing capability shall be present at the time of purchase as specified in Table 2.

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Table 2: Automatic Duplexing Requirements for
Color Copiers, Color MFDs, and Color Printers
Monochrome ProductSpeed, s, as Calculated
in the Test Method(ipm)
s ≤ 1919 < s < 40s ≥ 40ii.

Automatic Duplexing Requirement
None
Integral to the base product or offered as an optional
accessory
Integral to the base productFor monochrome copiers, monochrome MFDs, and monochrome printers subject to the TEC
test method, automatic duplexing capability shall be present at the time of purchase as
specified in Table 3.
Table 3: Automatic Duplexing Requirements for Monochrome Copiers,
Monochrome MFDs, and Monochrome Printers

Monochrome ProductSpeed, s, as Calculated
in the Test Method(ipm)s ≤ 2424 < s < 45s ≥ 45
3.3.2

Automatic Duplexing Requirement
None
Integral to the base product or offered as an optional accessory
Integral to the base productTypical Electricity Consumption:i.

ii.

Calculated Typical Electricity Consumption (TEC) per Equation 1 or Equation 2 shall be lessthan or equal to the Maximum TEC Requirement (TECMAX) specified in Table 4, to the nearest
0.1 kilowatt-hour.
For imaging products with a Type 2 DFE, the energy consumption of the DFE, calculated per
the example below, should be excluded when comparing the product’s measured TEC value
to TECMAX. The DFE must not interfere with the ability of the imaging product to enter or exit
its lower-power modes. In order to take advantage of this exclusion, the DFE must meet thedefinition in Section 1 and be a separate processing unit that is capable of initiating activity
over the network.

Example: A printer’s total TEC result is 24.5 kWh/week and its internal DFE consumes 50W in Readymode. 50W x 168 hours/week = 8.4 kWh/week, which is then subtracted from the tested TEC value: 24.5
kWh/week – 8.4 kWh/week = 16.1 kWh/week. 16.1 kWh/week is then compared to the following criteria.
iii. For printers, fax machines, digital duplicators with print capability, and MFDs with print
capability, TEC shall be calculated per Equation 1.

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Equation 1: TEC Calculation for Printers, Fax Machines, Digital Duplicatorswith Print Capability, and MFDs with Print Capability⎡⎤
E
E
TEC = 5 × ⎢ E JOB _ DAILY + (2 × E FINAL ) + [24 − (N JOBS × 0.25) − (2 × t FINAL )] × SLEEP ⎥ + 48 × SLEEP ,t SLEEP ⎦t SLEEP⎣
Where:• TEC is the typical weekly energy consumption for printers, fax machines,
digital duplicators with print capability, and MFDs with print capability,
expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh) and rounded to the nearest 0.1 kWh;• EJOB_DAILY is the daily job energy, as calculated per Equation 3, in kWh;
• EFINAL is the final energy, as measured in the test procedure in kWh;
• NJOBS is the number of jobs per day, as calculated in the test procedure,• tFINAL is the final time to Sleep, as measured in the test procedure, in hours;• ESLEEP is the Sleep energy, as measured in the test procedure in kWh; and• tSLEEP is the Sleep time, as measured in the test procedure, in hours.

iv. For copiers, digital duplicators without print capability, and MFDs without print capability, TEC
shall be calculated per Equation 2.
Equation 2: TEC Calculation for Copiers, Digital Duplicators without Print Capability,
and MFDs without Print Capability⎡⎤
E
E
TEC = 5 × ⎢ E JOB _ DAILY + (2 × E FINAL ) + [24 − (N JOBS × 0.25) − (2 × t FINAL )] × AUTO ⎥ + 48 × AUTO ,t AUTO ⎦t AUTO⎣
Where:• TEC is the typical weekly energy consumption for copiers, digital duplicators
without print capability, and MFDs without print capability, expressed inkilowatt-hours (kWh) and rounded to the nearest 0.1 kWh;• EJOB_DAILY is the daily job energy, as calculated per Equation 3, in kWh;
• EFINAL is the final energy, as measured in the test procedure, in kWh;
• NJOBS is the number of jobs per day, as calculated in the test procedure;• tFINAL is the final time to Sleep, as measured in the test procedure, in hours;• EAUTO is the Auto-off energy, as measured in the test procedure, in kWh; and• tAUTO is the Auto-off time, as measured in the test procedure, in hours.

v.

Daily Job Energy shall be calculated per Equation 3.
Equation 3: Daily Job Energy Calculation for TEC Products

E+ E JOB3 + E JOB4 ⎞⎛E JOB _ DAILY = (2 × E JOB1 ) + ⎜ (N JOBS − 2) × JOB2⎟,
3⎝⎠
Where:• EJOB_DAILY is the daily job energy, expressed in kilowatt-hours (kWh);• EJOBi is the energy of the ith job, as measured in the test procedure, in kWh;and
• NJOBS is the number of jobs per day, as calculated in the test procedure.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

Page 9 of 17

Table 4: Maximum TEC Requirement

x

x

x

Multifunction Device

Printer

Digital Duplicator

CopierColor
Capability

Fax Machine

Product Typex

Monochrome

x

x

x

x

x

Color

x

3.4

Monochrome
Product Speed, s,
as Calculated in
the Test Method(ipm)

TECMAX(kWh, to the nearest 0.1
kWh)s ≤ 151.0

15 < s ≤ 40

( s x 0.10 ) – 0.5

40 < s ≤ 82

( s x 0.35 ) – 10.3

s > 82( s x 0.70 ) – 39.0

s ≤ 101.5

10 < s ≤ 26

( s x 0.10 ) + 0.5

26 < s ≤ 68

( s x 0.35 ) – 6.0

s > 68( s x 0.70 ) – 30.0

s ≤ 32( s x 0.10) + 2.8

32 < s ≤ 58

( s x 0.35 ) – 5.2

s > 58( s x 0.70 ) – 26.0

s ≤ 26( s x 0.10 ) + 3.5

26 < s ≤ 62

( s x 0.35 ) – 3.0

s > 62( s x 0.70 ) – 25.0

Requirements for Operational Mode (OM) Products

3.4.1

Multiple Sleep Modes: If a product is capable of automatically entering multiple successive Sleep
Modes, the same Sleep Mode shall be used to determine qualification under the default delay timeto sleep requirements specified in Section 3.4.3 and the Sleep Mode power consumption
requirements specified in Section 3.4.4.

3.4.2

DFE Requirements: For imaging products with a functionally-integrated DFE that relies on theimaging product for its power, the power consumption of the DFE should be excluded whencomparing the product’s measured Sleep Mode power to the combined marking-engine andfunctional-adder criteria limits below and when comparing the measured Standby Mode power tothe Standby criteria limits below. The DFE must not interfere with the ability of the imaging
product to enter or exit its lower-power modes. In order to take advantage of this exclusion, theDFE must meet the definition in Section 1 and be a separate processing unit that is capable ofinitiating activity over the network.

3.4.3

Default Delay Time:i.
ii.

Measured Default Delay Time to Sleep (tSLEEP) shall be less than or equal to the Maximum
Default Delay Time to Sleep (tSLEEP_MAX) requirement specified in Table 5 and Table 6.
All OM products must be shipped with a maximum machine delay less than or equal to
4 hours, which is only adjustable by the manufacturer. This maximum machine delay timecannot be influenced by the user and typically cannot be modified without internal, invasive
product manipulation.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

Page 10 of 17

iii. When reporting data and qualifying products that can enter Sleep mode in multiple ways,
partners should reference a Sleep level that can be reached automatically. If the product iscapable of automatically entering multiple, successive Sleep levels, it is at the manufacturer’s
discretion which of these levels is used for qualification purposes; however, the default-delay
time provided must correspond with whichever level is used.
Table 5: Maximum Default Delay Time to Sleep for OM Products,
Except Mailing Machines

Product
TypeMedia Format

CopierLarge

Fax Machine

Small or Standard
Small or Standard

MFD
Large

Small or Standard
Printer
Large
ScannerAll

Monochrome
Product Speed, s,
as Calculated in the
Test Method(ipm)s ≤ 30

Default Delay Time
to Sleep(minutes)30s > 3060All5s ≤ 1015

10 < s ≤ 2030

s > 2060s ≤ 3030

s > 3060s ≤ 105

10 < s ≤ 20

15

20 < s ≤ 30

30

s > 3060s ≤ 3030

s > 30

60

All

15

Table 6: Maximum Default Delay Time to Sleep for Mailing Machines
Product
Type

Mailing
MachineMedia Format

All

Product Speed, s,
as Calculated in the
Test Method(mppm)s ≤ 50

Default Delay Time
to Sleep(minutes)
20

50 < s ≤ 100

30

100 < s ≤ 150

40

s > 15060

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

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3.4.4Sleep Mode Power Consumption: Measured Sleep Mode power consumption (PSLEEP) shall beless than or equal to the maximum Sleep Mode power consumption requirement (PSLEEP_MAX)
determined per Equation 4, subject to the following conditions:i.

Only those interfaces that are present and available for use in the “as-shipped” productconfiguration may be considered functional adders.
ii. Product functionality offered through a DFE shall not be considered either a Primary or
Secondary functional adder.
iii. Manufacturers may apply no more than three Primary functional adders to each productmodel, but may apply as many Secondary adders as present (with Primary adders in excessof three included as Secondary adders).
iv. For products with multiple interfaces, each interface shall be considered separately.
v. A single interface that performs multiple functions may be counted only once.
vi. Any interface that meets more than one interface type definition shall be classified according
to its primary functionalityvii. For products that meet the Sleep Mode power requirement in Ready State, no further
automatic power reductions are required to meet Sleep Mode requirements.
Equation 4: Calculation of Maximum Sleep Mode Power
Consumption Requirement for OM products
n

m

1

1

PSLEEP _ MAX = PMAX _ BASE +∑ AdderPRIMARY + ∑ AdderSECONDARY
Where:• PSLEEP_MAX is the maximum Sleep Mode power consumption requirement,
expressed in watts (W), and rounded to the nearest 0.1 watt;• PMAX_BASE is the maximum Sleep Mode power allowance for the base marking
engine, as determined per Table 7, in watts;• AdderPRIMARY is the power allowance for one of three applicable Primaryfunctional adders, as selected by the manufacturer from Table 8, in watts;• n is the number of Primary adder allowances claimed, and is less than orequal to 3
• AdderSECONDARY is the power allowance for any applicable Secondaryfunctional adder or Primary functional adder in excess of three (and therefore
counted as a Secondary adder), as selected by the manufacturer from Table
8, in watts; and• m is the number of Secondary adder allowances being claimed (including for
any Primary adders beyond the n claimed under the Primary adderallowance).

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

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Table 7: Sleep Mode Power Allowance for Base Marking EnginexxStandard
N/A

x

x

x

MFD

Large
Small

Printer

MFD

Large

x

x

x

x

x

1.4

x

15.0

x

x

30.0

x

9.0

x

4.6
x

x

x

x

x

1.4
x

14.0

x
x

x

x

15.0
x

30.0
1.4

Standard

x

1.4

x

15.0

Large

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

30.0

x

9.0

x

Standard
Large

Scanner

x

7.0

x

x

Small

Not
Applicable

1.4Standard

Color

PrinterxStandard
Large

CopierFax
Machinex

PMAX_BASE(watts)30.0xStandard
Monochrome

Not Applicablex

Thermal Transfer

x

Ink JetLarge

ImpactCopierFax
Machine
Mailing
MachineElectro-photographic

Media
FormatDye Sublimation

Product
Type

Solid Ink

Color
Capability

Direct Thermal

Marking Technology

4.6
x

x

x

x

Any

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

x

1.4
x

14.0

x

15.0
x

4.3

Page 13 of 17

Table 8: Sleep Mode Power Allowances for Functional Adders

Adder
Type

Connection
Type

Max.
Data
Rate, r(Mbit/
second)r < 20Wired

20 ≤ r <500
r ≥ 500
Any

Data or
Network
Connection

AnyWireless,
Radiofrequency(RF)

Wireless,
Infrared (IR)

Any

Any

Internal
Storage
Drive

N/A

N/A

MemoryN/A

N/A

Scanner

N/A

N/A

Personal
Computer(PC)Based
SystemN/A

N/A

Details

Includes: USB 1.x, IEEE 488, IEEE
1284/Parallel/ Centronics, RS232, Fax
Modem
Includes: USB 2.x, IEEE 1394/
FireWire/i.LINK, 100Mb Ethernet
Includes: 1G Ethernet
Includes: Flash memory-card/smartcard readers, camera interfaces,
PictBridge
Includes: Bluetooth, 802.11
Capability of the imaging product tocommunicate with a cordless handset.
Applied only once, regardless of thenumber of cordless handsets the
product is designed tohandle. Does not address the power
requirements of the cordless handset
itself.
Includes: IrDA.
Includes: internal drives only (e.g.,
disk drives, DVD drives, Zip drives),
and applies to each separate drive.
Does not cover interfaces to external
drives (e.g., SCSI) or internal
memory.
Applies to the internal capacity
available in the imaging product forstoring data. Applies to allvolumes of internal memory andshould be scaled accordingly.
Includes: Cold Cathode Fluorescent
Lamp (CCFL) or atechnology other than CCFL, such as
Light-Emitting Diode (LED), Halogen,
Hot-Cathode Fluorescent Tube
(HCFT), Xenon, or Tubular
Fluorescent (TL) technologies.
(Applied only once, regardless of thelamp size or the number oflamps/bulbs employed.)
Applies to imaging products that relyon an external computer for significant
resources, such as memory and dataprocessing, to perform basic functions
commonly performed by imaging
products independently, such as page
rendering. Does not apply to productsthat simply use a computer as asource or destination for image data.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

Primary
Functional
Adder
Allowance(watts)Secondary
Functional
Adder
Allowance(watts)

0.3

0.2

0.5

0.2

1.5

0.5

0.5

0.1

3.0

0.7

-

0.8

0.2

0.2

-

0.2

-

1.0 W per
GB

-

0.5

-

– 0.5

Page 14 of 17

AdderType

Connection
Type

Power
Supply

3.4.5

N/A

Max.
Data
Rate, r(Mbit/
second)N/ADetails

Primary
Functional
Adder
Allowance(watts)Secondary
Functional
Adder
Allowance(watts)Applies to both internal and external
power supplies for standard-format,
non-mailing machine products using
Inkjet and Impact marking
technologies with nameplate output
power (POUT) greater than 10 watts.

-

0.02 x(POUT –
10.0)

Standby Mode Power Consumption: Standby Mode power, which is the lesser of the Ready Mode
Power, Sleep Mode Power, and Off Mode Power, as measured in the test procedure, shall be lessthan or equal to the Maximum Standby Mode power requirement specified in Table 9.
Table 9: Maximum Standby Power Requirement
Product TypeAll OM Products

3.5
3.5.1

Maximum StandbyPower(watts)1.0

Digital Front End Power Supply Efficiency Requirements:
To qualify as ENERGY STAR under this specification, an imaging equipment product with aType 1 DFE must use a DFE that meets the following requirements.
i.

Internal Power Supplies (IPSs): Internal Power Supplies used with DFEs eligible under thisspecification shall meet the requirements specified in Table 10 when tested using the EPRI
Generalized Internal Power Supply Efficiency Test Protocol, Rev. 6.4.2 (available atwww.efficientpowersupplies.org).
• Power supply test data and test reports from testing entities recognized by EPA toperform power supply testing shall be accepted for the purpose of qualifying the ENERGYSTAR product.
Table 10: Efficiency and Power Factor
Requirements for DFE Internal Power Supplies
Loading Level as a
Percentage of Nameplate
Output Current
20%
50%
100%

ii.

Minimum
Efficiency

Minimum Power
Factor

0.80
0.80
0.80

0.9

External Power Supplies (EPSs): External Power Supplies used with DFEs eligible under thisspecification shall meet the level V performance requirements under the International
Efficiency Marking Protocol and include the level V marking. Additional information on theMarking Protocol is available at www.energystar.gov/powersupplies.
• External Power Supplies shall meet level V requirements when tested using the Test
Method for Calculating the Energy Efficiency of Single-Voltage External Ac-Dc and Ac-Ac
Power Supplies, Aug. 11, 2004.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

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4 TESTING
4.1
4.1.1

Test Methods
When testing Imaging Equipment products, the test methods identified in Table 11 shall be used
to determine ENERGY STAR qualification.
Table 11: Test Methods for ENERGY STAR Qualification
Product Type

4.2
4.2.1

4.2.2

Test Method

All Products

IEC 62301 Ed 1.0: Household Electrical Appliances –Measurement of Standby PowerAll Products

ENERGY STAR Imaging Equipment Test Method, Rev. Aug2010

Number of Units Required for Testing
Representative Models shall be selected for testing per the following requirements:i.

For qualification of an individual product model, a product configuration equivalent to thatwhich is intended to be marketed and labeled as ENERGY STAR is considered theRepresentative Model;ii.

For qualification of a product family, the highest energy using configuration within the family
shall be considered the Representative Model. When submitting product families,
manufacturers continue to be held accountable for any efficiency claims made about their
imaging products, including those not tested or for which data was not reported.

A single unit of each Representative Model shall be selected for testing.
i.

ii.

For products subject to the requirements in section 3.3 of this specification (TEC products), if
the initial unit tested has TEC test results that meet the eligibility criteria but fall within 10% of
the criteria level, one additional unit of the same model must also be tested. Manufacturers
shall report values for both units. To qualify as ENERGY STAR, both units must meet the
ENERGY STAR specification.
For products subject to the requirements in section 3.4 of this specification (OM products), if
the initial unit tested has OM test results that meet the eligibility criteria but fall within 15% of
the criteria level in any of the specified operating modes for that product type, then two moreunits shall be tested. To qualify as ENERGY STAR, all three units must meet the ENERGYSTAR specification. All tested units shall meet ENERGY STAR qualification requirements.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

Page 16 of 17

4.3
4.3.1

International Market Qualification
Products shall be tested for qualification at the relevant input voltage/frequency combination foreach market in which they will be sold and promoted as ENERGY STAR.

5 USER INTERFACE
5.1.1

Manufacturers are encouraged to design products in accordance with the user interface standard
IEEE 1621: Standard for User Interface Elements in Power Control of Electronic Devices
Employed in Office/Consumer Environments. For details, see http://eetd.LBL.gov/Controls.

6 EFFECTIVE DATE
6.1.1

Effective Date: The Version 1.2 ENERGY STAR Imaging Equipment specification shall take effecton the date specified in Table 12. To qualify for ENERGY STAR, a product model shall meet the
ENERGY STAR specification in effect on its date of manufacture. The date of manufacture is
specific to each unit and is the date (e.g., month and year) on which a unit is considered to becompletely assembled.

6.1.2

Future Specification Revisions: EPA reserves the right to change this specification should
technological and/or market changes affect its usefulness to consumers, industry, or theenvironment. In keeping with current policy, revisions to the specification are arrived at throughstakeholder discussions. In the event of a specification revision, please note that the ENERGYSTAR qualification is not automatically granted for the life of a product model.
Table 12: Specification Effective Date
Effective Date
July 1, 2009

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Eligibility Criteria

Page 17 of 17

ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
Product Specification for Imaging Equipment
Test Method

1 OVERVIEW
The following test method shall be used for determining product compliance with requirements in the
ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.

2 APPLICABILITY
ENERGY STAR test requirements are dependent upon the feature set of the product under evaluation.
Table 1 shall be used to determine the applicability of each section of this document:
Table 1: Test Procedure Applicability
Product TypeMedia Format

Marking Technology

Digital DuplicatorStandard
LargeStandard

Fax MachineStandard

Mailing MachineAllDT, DS, EP, SI, TT
DT, DS, EP, SI, TT
StencilDT, DS, EP, SI, TT
IJ
DT, EP, IJ, TT

Multifunction Device(MFD)

Standard

CopierLarge

Printer

ScannerStandard
Large or Small
All

High Performance IJ, DT, DS, EP, SI,TT
IJ
DT, DS, EP, IJ, SI, TT
High Performance IJ, DT, DS, EP, SI,
TT
IJ, Impact
DT, DS, EP, Impact, IJ, SI, TT
N/A

ENERGY STAR
Evaluation Method
TEC
OM
TEC
TEC
OM
OM
TEC
OM
OM
TEC
OM
OM
OM

3 DEFINITIONS
Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this document are consistent with the definitions in the
ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.
A) Unit Under Test (UUT): The specific sample of a Representative Model undergoing measurement,
which includes the base product and any accessories packaged with it.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 1 of 14

4 TEST SETUP
B) AC Input Power: Products intended to be powered from AC mains shall be connected to a voltage
source appropriate for the intended market, as specified in Table 2 or Table 3.
1) Products shipped with external power supplies (EPSs) shall first be connected to the EPS andthen to the voltage source specified in Table 2 or Table 3.
Table 2: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Less Than or Equal to 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 Vac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Europe, Australia, New
Zealand230 Vac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 Vac+/- 1.0 %2.0 %50 Hz/60 Hz+/- 1.0 %Table 3: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Greater than 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 Vac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Europe, Australia, New
Zealand230 Vac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 Vac+/- 4.0 %5.0 %50 Hz/60 Hz+/- 1.0 %C) Low-voltage DC Input Power:
1) Products may only be powered with a low-voltage DC source (e.g., via network or data
connection) if the DC source is the only acceptable source of power for the product (e.g., no AC
plug or EPS is included with the product).
2) Products powered by low-voltage DC shall be configured with an AC source of the DC power for
testing (e.g., an AC-powered USB hub).
3) Reported UUT power shall be equal to the AC power consumption of the low-voltage DC sourcewith the UUT as the load, minus the AC power consumption of the low-voltage DC source with noload (PS), as measured per section 5 of this procedure.
D) Ambient Temperature: Ambient temperature shall be 23 oC ± 5 oC.
E) Relative Humidity: Relative humidity shall be from 10% to 80%.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 2 of 14

F) Power Meter: Power meters shall possess the following attributes:1) Minimum Frequency Response (Recommended): 3.0 kHz
2) Minimum Resolution:i)

0.01 W for measurement values less than 10 W;

ii)

0.1 W for measurement values from 10 W to 100 W;iii) 1 W for measurement values from 100 W to 1.5 kW; andiv) 10 W for measurement values greater than 1.5 kW.
v) Measurements of accumulated energy should have resolutions which are generally consistent
with these values when converted to average power. For accumulated energy
measurements, the figure of merit for determining required accuracy is the maximum power
value during the measurement period, not the average, since it is the maximum that
determines the metering equipment and setup.
G) Measurement Accuracy:
1) Measurements made with these procedures shall in all cases have an accuracy of 5% or better,though manufacturers will usually achieve better than this. Test procedures may specify greater
accuracy than 5% for some measurements. With knowledge of the power levels of current
imaging products and the meters available, manufacturers can calculate the maximum error
based on the reading and the range utilized for the reading.
2) For measurements of 0.50 W or less, the required accuracy is 0.02 W.
H) Time Measurement: Time measurements may be performed with an ordinary stopwatch withresolution of at least 1 second.
I)

Paper Specifications:
1) Standard format products shall be tested in accordance with Table 4.
2) Large, small, and continuous format products shall be tested using any compatible paper size.
Table 4: Paper Size and Weight Requirements
MarketNorth America / Taiwan
Europe / Australia / New ZealandJapan

Paper Size
8.5” x 11”
A4
A4

Basis Weight(g/m2)
75
80
64

5 LOW-VOLTAGE DC SOURCE MEASUREMENT FOR ALL
PRODUCTS
1) Connect the DC source to the power meter and relevant AC supply as specified in Table 2.
2) Verify that the DC source is unloaded.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 3 of 14

3) Allow the DC source to warm up for a minimum of 30 minutes.
4) Measure and record the unloaded DC source power (PS) according to IEC 62301 Ed. 1.0.

6 PRE-TEST UUT CONFIGURATION FOR ALL PRODUCTS
6.1

General ConfigurationA) Product Speed for Calculations and Reporting: The product speed for all calculations and reporting,shall be the highest speed as claimed by the manufacturer per the following criteria, expressed inimages-per-minute (ipm) and rounded to the nearest integer:1) In general, for Standard-size products, a single A4 or 8.5” x 11” sheet printed/copied/scanned on
one side in a minute is equal to one image-per-minute (ipm)2) For all products, the product speed shall be based on:i)

The manufacturer-claimed print speed, unless the product cannot print, in which case,ii)

The manufacturer-claimed copy speed, unless the product cannot print or copy, in which
case,iii) The manufacturer-claimed scan speed.
3) For non-continuous-form products, with the exception of mailing machines, the product speed
shall be calculated per Table 5. If the maximum claimed speeds differ when producing images on
A4 or 8.5” x 11” paper, the higher of the two shall be used.
Table 5: Calculation of Product Speed for Standard, Small, and Large Format Products with the
Exception of Mailing Machines

Media
FormatStandard
Small
Large

Product Speed, s(ipm)
Media Size

Where:
sP is the maximum claimed monochrome speed inpages-per-minute when processing the given
media

8.5” x 11”
A44” x 6”
A6
A2
A0

sP
sP
0.25 x sP
0.25 x sP
4 x sP
16 x sP

4) For continuous-form products, product speed shall be calculated per Equation 1
Equation 1: Calculation of Product Speeds = 16ws L

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 4 of 14

Where:• s is the product speed, in images per minute (ipm),• w is the width of the media, in meters (m),• sL is the maximum claimed monochrome speed, in lengthmeters-per-minute.
5) For Mailing Machines, product speed shall be reported in units of mail-pieces-per-minute (mppm).
B) Color: Color-capable products shall be tested making monochrome images unless incapable of doingso.
C) Network Connections: Products that are capable of being network-connected as-shipped shall beconnected to a network.
1) The type of network connection (or other data connection if not capable of being networked) is at
the discretion of the manufacturer, and the type used shall be reported.

6.2

Configuration for Fax Machines

A) Fax machines need not be connected to a telephone line unless the telephone line is necessary for
performing the test.
B) Unless sending jobs via phone line, originals may be placed in the document feeder before the test
begins.
1) Products without a document feeder may make all images off a single original placed on theplaten.
2) Fax machines shall be tested with one image per job.

6.3

Configuration for Digital Duplicators

A) Except as noted below, digital duplicators shall be configured and tested as printers, copiers, orMFDs, depending on their capabilities as shipped.
1) Digital duplicators shall be tested at maximum claimed speed, which is also the speed that should
be used to determine the job size for performing the test, not at the default speed as-shipped, if
different.
2) For digital duplicators, there shall be only one original image.

7 PRE-TEST UUT INITIALIZATION FOR ALL PRODUCTS
A) Prior to the start of testing, the UUT shall be initialized as follows:
1) Set up the UUT per the instructions in the Manufacturer’s Instructions or documentation.
i)

Accessories such as paper source and finishing hardware that are intended to be installed or
attached by the end-user shall be installed; however, their use in the test is at the
manufacturer’s discretion (e.g., any paper source may be used).

2) Connect the UUT to its power source.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 5 of 14

3) Power on the UUT and perform initial system configuration, as applicable. Verify that default delay
times are configured according to product specifications and/or manufacturer recommendations.
i)

Product Speed for Testing: The product shall be tested with speed settings in their default asshipped configuration.

ii)

Auto-off for TEC Products: If a printer, digital duplicator or MFD with print-capability, or fax
machine has an Auto-off capability and it is enabled as shipped, it shall be disabled prior to
the test.

iii) Auto-off for OM Products: If a product has an Auto-off Mode enabled as shipped, it shall beenabled prior to performing the test.
4) User-controllable anti-humidity features may be turned off or disabled for the duration of testing.
5) Let the UUT sit for at least 15 minutes, or until it has completed initialization and is ready for use.
6) For products designed to operate on battery power when not connected to the mains, the battery
shall be either:i)Removed from the product; orii)

Fully charged for at least 24 hours before beginning the test and left in place for the test.

8 TYPICAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TEC) TEST PROCEDURE
8.1

Job StructureA) Jobs per Day: The number of jobs per day (NJOBS) is specified in Table 6.
Table 6: Number of Jobs per Day (NJOBS)
Monochrome ProductSpeed, s(ipm)s≤8
8 < s < 32s ≥ 32

Jobs perDay(NJOBS)8s32B) Images per Job:
1) Except for fax machines, the number of images shall be computed according to Equation 2,
below. For convenience, Table 10 at the end of this document provides the resultant images perjob computation for each integer product speed up through 100 images per minute (ipm).

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 6 of 14

Equation 2: Calculation of Number of Images per Job()⎡ 0.5 × s 2 ⎤N IMAGES = int ⎢
⎥,
N
JOBS
⎦
⎣
Where:• NIMAGES is the number of images per job, rounded down
(truncated) to the nearest integer,• s is the (monochrome) maximum reported speed in images per
minute (ipm), calculated in section 6.1.A), of this test
procedure, and• NJOBS is the number of jobs per day, as calculated per Table 6.

C) Test Image: Test Pattern A from ISO/IEC standard 10561:1999 shall be used as the original image forall testing.
1) Test images shall be rendered in 10 point size in a fixed-width Courier font (or nearest equivalent)
2) German-specific characters need not be reproduced if the product is incapable of German
character reproduction.
D) Print Jobs: Print jobs for the test may be sent over non-network connections (e.g., USB), even on
those units that are network-connected.
1) Each image in a print job shall be sent separately, i.e., all images may be part of the same
document, but shall not be specified in the document as multiple copies of a single original image(unless the product is a digital duplicator).
2) For printers and MFDs that can interpret a page description language (PDL) (e.g., PCL,
Postscript), images shall be sent to the product in a PDL.
E) Copy Jobs:
1) For copiers with speed less than or equal to 20 ipm, there shall be one original per required
image.
2) For copiers with speed greater than 20 ipm, it may not be possible to match the number ofrequired original images (e.g., due to limits on document feeder capacity). In this case, it ispermissible to make multiple copies of each original, and the number of originals shall be greaterthan or equal to ten.
Example: For a 50 ipm unit that requires 39 images per job, the test may be performed with four copies of
10 originals or three copies of 13 originals.
3) Originals may be placed in the document feeder before the test begins.
i)

Products without a document feeder may make all images off of a single original placed on
the platen.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 7 of 14

8.2

Measurement Procedures

A) Measurement of TEC shall be conducted according to Table 7 for printers, fax machines, digital
duplicators with print capability, and MFDs with print capability, and Table 8 for copiers, digital
duplicators without print capability and MFDs without print capability, subject to the following
provisions:1) Paper: There shall be sufficient paper in the device to perform the specified print or copy jobs.
2) Duplexing: Products shall be tested in simplex mode. Originals for copying shall be simplex
images.
3) Service/Maintenance Modes: Service/maintenance modes (including color calibration) should
generally not be included in TEC measurements.
i)

Any service/maintenance modes that occur during the test shall be noted.

ii)

If a service/maintenance mode occurs during a job other than the first job, the results from thejob with the service/maintenance mode may be replaced with results from a substitute job. In
this case, the substitute job shall be inserted into the test procedure immediately following
Job 4. The 15-minute job interval shall be maintained at all times.

4) Accuracy: The specifications of the metering equipment and ranges used in each measurement
shall be reported. Measurements must be conducted so as to result in a total potential error of the
TEC value of no more than 5%. Accuracy does not need to be reported for cases where thepotential error is below 5%. When the potential measurement error is close to 5%, manufacturers
should take measures to confirm that it complies with the 5% limit.
5) Energy Measurement Method: All measurements shall be recorded as accumulated energy overtime, in watt-hours (Wh); all time shall be recorded in seconds or minutes.
i)“Zero meter” references may be accomplished by recording the accumulated energy
consumption at that time rather than literally zeroing the meter.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 8 of 14

Table 7: TEC Test Procedure for Printers, Fax Machines,
Digital Duplicators with Print Capability, and MFDs with Print Capability
Step1

InitialState

ActionOff

Connect the unit under test to the meter.
Ensure the unit is powered and in Off
Mode. Zero the meter; measure energy
over 5 minutes or more. Record both
energy and time.

Record (atend of step)

Unit ofMeasureOff energy

Watt-hours(Wh)

Testing
Interval time

Hours (h)OffTurn on unit. Wait until unit indicates it isin Ready Mode.

–

3

Ready

Print a job of at least one output image
but no more than a single job per Job
Table. Measure and record time to firstsheet exiting unit.

Active0 time

4

Ready
(or other)

Wait until the meter shows that the unit
has entered its final Sleep Mode or 4hours.

–

2

Sleepenergy,5

Sleep

Zero meter; measure energy and timeover 1 hour. Record the energy andtime.

E SLEEP

Off––

Hours (h)–––Watt-hours
(Wh)
Sleep

Sleep time,t SLEEP

PossibleStatesMeasured

Hours (h)(≤ 1 hour)

6

Sleep

Zero meter and timer. Print one job(calculated above). Measure energy andtime. Record time to first sheet exiting
unit. Measure energy over 15 minutes
from job initiation. The job must finish
within the 15 minutes.

Job1 energy,
EJOB1

Watt-hours(Wh)

Active1 time

Hours (h)Job2 energy,
EJOB2

Watt-hours(Wh)

Active2 time

Hours (h)Recovery,
Active,Ready,Sleep

Ready(or other)

Repeat Step 6.

8

Ready
(or other)

Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).

Job3 energy,
EJOB3

Watt-hours(Wh)

Same as
above

9

Ready
(or other)

Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).

Job4 energy,
EJOB4

Watt-hours(Wh)

Same asabove

Final energy,
EFINAL

Watt-hours
(Wh)

Ready

Zero meter and timer. Measure energy
and time until meter and/or unit showsthat unit has entered Sleep Mode or the
final Sleep Mode for units with multiple
Sleep modes, or 4 hours.

Final time,
tFINAL

Hours (h)710Same asabove

Ready,
Sleep

Notes:• Steps 4 and 10 – It may be unclear to independent testers which Sleep Mode is the final one andtherefore a 4 hour time limit is provided.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

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Table 8: TEC Test Procedure for Copiers, Digital Duplicators
without Print Capability, and MFDs without Print Capability
Step1

Initial
State

Off

2

Off

3

Ready

4

Ready
(or other)

5

6

7
8
9

10

11

Sleep

Sleep

Ready
(or other)Ready(or other)Ready(or other)Ready(or other)

Auto-off

RecordUnit ofMeasureOff energy

Watt-hours(Wh)

Testing
Interval time

Hours (h)ActionConnect the unit under test to the meter.
Ensure the unit is powered and in Off
Mode. Zero the meter; measure energy
over 5 minutes or more. Record both
energy and time.
Turn on unit. Wait until unit has entered
Ready Mode.
Copy a job of at least one image but nomore than a single job per Job Table.
Measure and record time to first sheet
exiting unit
Wait until the meter shows that the unit
has entered its final Sleep Mode or 4hours.
Zero meter; measure energy and timeover 1 hour or until unit enters Auto-Off
Mode. Record the energy and time.
Zero meter and timer. Copy one job(calculated above). Measure and record
energy and time to first sheet exiting
unit. Measure energy over 15 minutes
from job initiation. The job must finish
within the 15 minutes.
Repeat Step 6.

–

Active0 time–
Sleep energy

Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).
Repeat Step 6 (without Active timemeasurement).
Zero meter and timer. Measure energy
and time until meter and/or unit showsthat unit has entered its Auto-off Modeor 4 hours. Record energy and time; ifunit began this step already in Auto-off
Mode, report both energy and timevalues as zero.

Zero the meter; measure energy andtime over 5 minutes or more. Record
both energy and time.

Off

–

–

Hours (h)–––Watt-hours(Wh)

Sleep time(≤ 1 hour)

Hours (h)Job1 energy,
EJOB1

Watt-hours(Wh)

Active1 time

Hours (h)Job2 energy,
EJOB2

Hours (h)Job4 energy,
EJOB4

Watt-hours(Wh)
Watt-hours(Wh)
Watt-hours(Wh)

Final energy,
EFINAL

Watt-hours(Wh)

Active2 timeJob3 energy,
EJOB3

Final time,
tFINAL
Auto-offenergy,E AUTO
Auto-off time,t AUTOENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

PossibleStatesMeasured

Hours (h)Sleep

Recovery,
Active,Ready,
Sleep,
Auto-off
Same asabove
Same asabove
Same asabove

Ready,
Sleep

Watt-hours(Wh)
Auto-off
Hours (h)Page 10 of 14

Notes:• Steps 4 and 10 – It may be unclear to independent testers which Sleep Mode is the final one andtherefore a 4 hour time limit is provided.

9 OPERATIONAL MODE (OM) TEST PROCEDURE
9.1

Measurement Procedures

A) Measurement of OM power and delay times shall be conducted according to Table 9, subject to thefollowing provisions:1) All power figures shall be recorded in watts (W) in accordance with IEC 62301, unless otherwise
specified in this document.
2) Accuracy: The accuracy requirement for this OM test procedure is 2% for all measurements
except for Ready power, where it is 5%. The 2% figure is consistent with IEC 62301, although theIEC standard expresses it as a confidence level.
3) Service/Maintenance Modes: Service/maintenance modes (including color calibration) generally
should not be included in measurements. Any adaptation of the procedure needed to exclude
such modes that occur during the test shall be noted.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 11 of 14

Table 9: Operational Mode (OM) Test Procedure
Step

InitialState

Action(s)1OffPlug the unit into meter. Turn on unit. Wait
until unit indicates it is in Ready Mode.

–

2

Ready

Print, copy, or scan a single image.

–

3

Ready

Measure Ready power.

Ready

Wait and measure default delay-time to
Sleep.

4

RecordReady power,

PREADY
Sleep defaultdelay time,

Unit ofMeasureWatts (W)

Minutes (min)t SLEEP
Sleep power,

5

Sleep

Measure Sleep power.

6

Sleep

Wait and measure default delay time toAuto-off. (Disregard if no Auto-off Mode)

Auto-off defaultdelay time

7

Autooff

Measure Auto-off power. (Disregard if noAuto-off Mode)

Auto-off power

8

Autooff

Manually turn device off and wait until unit isoff. (If no manual on-off switch, note andwait for lowest-power Sleep state).

9

Off

Measure Off power. (If no manual on-off
switch, note and measure Sleep Modepower).

PSLEEPPAUTO −OFF–
Off power

POFF

Watts (W)
Minutes (min)Watts (W)–

Watts (W)

Notes:• Step 1 – If the unit has no Ready indicator, use the time at which the power consumption levelstabilizes to the Ready level, and note this detail when reporting the product test data.
• Steps 4 and 5 – For products with more than one Sleep level, repeat these steps as many times
as necessary to capture all successive Sleep levels and report this data. Two Sleep levels are
typically used in large-format copiers and MFDs that use high-heat marking technologies. For
products lacking this Mode, disregard Steps 4 and 5.
• Steps 4 and 6 – Default-delay time measurements are to be measured in parallel fashion,
cumulative from the start of Step 4. For example, a product set to enter a Sleep level in 15
minutes and enter a second Sleep level 30 minutes after entering the first Sleep level will have a
15-minute default-delay time to the first level and a 45 minute default-delay time to the second
level.

10 TEST PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS WITH A DIGITAL FRONTEND (DFE)
This step applies only to products that have a DFE as defined in Section 1 of the ENERGY STAR Program
Requirements for Imaging Equipment.
A) If the DFE has a separate mains power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller areinternal or external to the imaging product, a five-minute energy measurement of the DFE alone
shall be made while the main product is in Ready Mode. The unit must be connected to a network
if network-capable as shipped.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

Page 12 of 14

B) If the DFE does not have a separate mains power cord, the manufacturer shall document the AC
power required for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in a Ready Mode. This will mostcommonly be accomplished by taking an instantaneous power measurement of the DC input tothe DFE and increasing this power level to account for losses in the power supply.

11 REFERENCES
A) ISO/IEC 10561:1999. Information technology — Office equipment — Printing devices — Method
for measuring throughput — Class 1 and Class 2 printers.
B) IEC 62301:2005. Household Electrical Appliances – Measurement of Standby Power.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

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Table 10: Number of Images per Day Calculated for Product Speeds from 1 to 100 ipm.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method (Rev. Aug-2010)

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