ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
Product Specification for Imaging Equipment
Test Method for Determining
Professional Imaging Product Energy Use
Draft 1, Rev. July-2018

1

1 OVERVIEW

2
3

The following test method shall be used for determining Professional Imaging Product compliance withrequirements in the ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.

4
5
6
7
8

Note: One stakeholder requested that the Professional Imaging Products test method be placed in one
discrete section of the specification as it will “better allow accredited labs to limit the scope of theiraccreditation to exclude Professional Product testing if such products are not tested in the lab.” EPA has
drafted the Test Method for Determining Professional Imaging Product Energy Use to help easelaboratory accreditation. EPA welcomes feedback on this proposal.

9
10
11
12

2 APPLICABILITY
ENERGY STAR test requirements are dependent upon the feature set of the products under evaluation.
Table 1 shall be used to determine the applicability of this ENERGY STAR Test Method..

13

Table 1. Test Procedure Applicability
Product TypeMedia Format

Marking Technology

Professional
Imaging Products

All

All

ENERGY STAR
Evaluation Method
Professional Imaging
Product

14

3 DEFINITIONS

15
16

Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this document are consistent with the definitions in the
ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.

17

4

TEST SETUP

18

4.1

General Test Setup

1920A) Test Setup and Instrumentation: Test setup and instrumentation for all portions of this procedure shallbe in accordance with:

21
22
23

1) The requirements of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Standard 21632,“Graphic technology -- Determination of the energy consumption of digital printing devices
including transitional and related modes”, Section 4, “General Conditions”; and242) In the event of conflicting requirements, the ENERGY STAR test method shall take precedence.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 1 of 9

2526B) Ac Input Power: Products intended to be powered from an ac mains power source shall be connected
to a voltage source appropriate for the intended market, as specified in Table 2 or Table 3.

27
28
29
30

1) If a product is rated to operate at a voltage/frequency combination in a specific market that isdifferent from the voltage/frequency combination for that market (e.g., 230 volts (V), 60 hertz (Hz)in North America), the unit shall be tested at the manufacturer rated voltage/frequency
combination for that unit. The voltage/frequency used shall be reported.

31
32

Table 2: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Less Than or Equal to 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 V ac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Europe, Australia, New
Zealand230 V ac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 V ac+/- 1.0 %2.0 %50 Hz or 60 Hz+/- 1.0 %33
34

Table 3: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Greater than 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 V ac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Europe, Australia, New
Zealand230 V ac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 V ac+/- 4.0 %5.0 %50 Hz or 60 Hz+/- 1.0 %35C) Low-voltage Dc Input Power:

36
37

Note: EPA proposes to remove the dc test from the Professional Imaging Product test method as the
Agency does not expect any Professional Imaging Products to be powered by dc input power.

38D) Ambient Temperature: Ambient temperature shall be 23°C ± 5°C.

39E) Relative Humidity: Relative humidity shall be between 10% and 80%.

40F) Power Meter: Power meters shall possess the following attributes:

411) Minimum Frequency Response: 3.0 kHz

422) Minimum Resolution:

43a) 0.01 W for measurement values less than 10 W;

44b) 0.1 W for measurement values from 10 W to 100 W;

45c) 1 W for measurement values from 100 W to 1.5 kW; and46d) 10 W for measurement values greater than 1.5 kW.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 2 of 9

47
48
49
50
51
52

e) Measurements of accumulated energy should have resolutions which are generally
consistent with these values when converted to average power. For accumulated energy
measurements, the figure of merit for determining required accuracy is the maximum power
value during the measurement period, not the average, since it is the maximum that
determines the metering equipment and setup.
G) Measurement Uncertainty1:

53541) Measurements of greater than or equal to 1 W shall have an uncertainty of 2% or better at the
95% confidence level.

55562) Measurements of less than 1 W shall have an uncertainty of 0.02 W or better at the 95%
confidence level.

57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64

Note: One stakeholder commented that the change in the measurement uncertainty from 2% to 3%,
proposed in the previous draft, was unnecessary, since the large equipment with three-phase power
connection is out of scope for Professional Imaging Products.

6566H) Time Measurement: Time measurements may be performed with a standard stopwatch or other time
keeping device with a resolution of at least 1 second.

67

I)

EPA has incorporated the proposed departure from ISO 21632 to make the test method morecomparable to the ENERGY STAR test method for non-Professional imaging Products; however, uponfurther review, EPA has also relaxed the uncertainty between 0.5 W and 1 W to equal 0.02 W, for all
Imaging Equipment (including Professional). This is consistent with IEC 62301 Ed. 2.

Paper Specifications:

68
691) Standard Format Products shall be tested in accordance with Error! Reference source not found..

702) Large, Small, and Continuous Form products shall be tested using any compatible paper size.

71

Table 4: Paper Size and Weight Requirements
MarketPaper Size

North America
TaiwanEurope / Australia / New ZealandJapan

8.5” × 11”
A4 or 8.5” × 11”
A4
A4

Basis Weight(g/m2)
127.9
127.9
127.9
127.9

1 Measurement uncertainty calculations should be performed according IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 Appendix D.

Only the uncertainty due to the measurement instrument shall be calculated.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 3 of 9

72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88

Note: Per ISO 21632, Professional Imaging Products, shall be tested in their best quality (BQ) and bestproductivity (BP) combinations. Also, ISO 21632 for Professional Imaging Products specifies testing withthe substrates (media) that will result in, first, the best quality and second, the best productivity. One
stakeholder commented that two separate tests (one BQ and one BP) are unnecessary, and that
Professional Imaging Products can be tested under one Best Quality/Best Picture (BQ/BP) condition.
EPA agrees with the stakeholder in that two separate BQ and BP tests are unnecessary, and that one
test would be less burdensome. EPA proposes to depart from ISO 21632 in regards to paper size and totest under one Best Quality/Best Picture (BQ/BP) condition. One stakeholder asked EPA to add thestandard test paper of Professional Imaging Products to Table 4: Paper Size and Weight Requirements,
which is 127.9g/m2, 85lb, or equivalent. EPA has incorporated the proposed basis weight for Professional
Imaging Products.

89

J)

Note: In response to stakeholder comment, EPA is proposing to allow models intended for the Taiwanesemarket to be tested with either A4 or 8.5”×11” paper. This will allow manufacturers to use the same
conditions as in North America for models sold in both Taiwan and North America, while allowing otherswith models specific to Taiwan to test them with more typical paper. This is the same proposal as in the
non-Professional imaging Product test method, except for the heavier weight of 127.9g/m2.
As-shipped Condition:

90911) Professional Imaging Products shall be tested under one best quality and best productivity
combination.

92
93
94
95
96
97

Note: Per ISO 21632, Professional Imaging Products, shall be tested in their best quality (BQ) and bestproductivity (BP) combinations. One stakeholder commented that two separate tests (one BQ and oneBP) are unnecessary, and that Professional Imaging Products can be tested under one Best Quality/Best
Picture (BQ/BP) condition. To simplify the test, EPA proposes a departure from ISO 21632 and proposes
testing under one Best Quality/Best Picture (BQ/BP) condition. This will also make the test method morecomparable to the existing ENERGY STAR test.

98
99
100

K) Product Speed for Calculations and Reporting: The product speed for all calculations and reporting
shall be the highest speed as claimed by the manufacturer per the following criteria, expressed inimages per minute (ipm) and rounded to the nearest integer:

101
102

1) In general, for Standard-size products, a single A4 or 8.5” × 11” sheet printed/copied/scanned on
one side in one minute is equal to 1 (ipm).

103
104

a) When operating in duplex mode a single A4 or 8.5” × 11” sheet printed/copied/scanned on
both sides in one minute is equal to 2 (ipm).

1052) The product speed shall be based on:

106
107

a) The highest manufacturer-claimed monochrome print speed, unless the product cannot print,
in which case,

108
109

b) The highest manufacturer-claimed monochrome copy speed, unless the product cannot print
or copy, in which case,

110c) The manufacturer-claimed scan speed.

111
112

Note: EPA recommends that manufacturers report print speeds using the ISO/IEC
24734:2014 test image for consistency with other reporting.

113
114

Note: EPA is proposing to recommend the same test image be used as for the TEC test. EPA welcomes
feedback on this proposal.

115
116
117
118

d) When a manufacturer intends to qualify a product in a certain market by making use of test
results that qualified the product in another market using other sizes of paper (e.g., A4 versus
8.5” × 11”), and if its maximum claimed speeds differ when producing images on different
sizes of paper, the highest speed shall be used.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 4 of 9

119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127

Note: ISO 21632 requires calculation and reporting of product speed during test, referred to as
productivity. One stakeholder opposed EPA's proposal of measuring and calculating product speed forProfessional Imaging Products based on productivity and commented that product speed should be
declared as is the case under Version 2.0. As such, EPA proposes a departure from ISO 21632 tosimplify the test and to keep the above requirements pertaining to reported product speed for all products
distinct from any other requirements pertaining to productivity, applicable only to Professional Imaging
Products. This will also make the test method more comparable to the existing ENERGY STAR test
method for Non-Professional Products.
3) For Continuous Form products, product speed shall be calculated per Equation 1.

128

Equation 1: Calculation of Product Speed129s  16  w  s L

130
131
132
133
134

Where:• s is the product speed, in ipm,
• w is the width of the media, in meters (m),• sL is the maximum claimed monochrome speed, in meters per
minute.

1351364) The product speed used for all calculations and qualification, as calculated above, may not be thesame as the product speed used for testing.

137L) Color: Color-capable products shall be tested under the default (as-shipped) setting.

138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146

Note: Per ISO 21632, Professional Imaging Products, shall be tested in their best quality andbest productivity combinations. The best quality combination requires “all colorants of the system” beused; the best productivity combination requires a print mode that is still saleable (no visible pixilation orother artifacts and a minimum of 4 colors (if available). Two stakeholders commented that color-capable
Professional Imaging Products be tested with the default (as-shipped) setting, which is 4 colors.

147
148

M) Network Connections: Products that are capable of being network-connected as-shipped shall beconnected to a network.

149

EPA proposes to depart from ISO 21632 by requiring the default setting. This will simplify the test andmake the test method more comparable to the existing ENERGY STAR test method for Non-Professional
Products.

1) Products shall be connected to only one network or data connection for the duration of the test.

150a) Only one computer may be connected to the UUT, either directly or via a network.

151
152

2) The type of network connection depends on the characteristics of the UUT and shall be thetopmost connection listed in Table 5 available on the unit as-shipped.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 5 of 9

153

Table 5: Network or Data Connections for Use in Test
Order of Preference
for Use in Test (ifProvided by UUT)

Connections for all Products

1

Ethernet – 1 Gb/s

2

Ethernet – 100/10 Mb/s

3

Wi-Fi

4

USB 3.x5

USB 2.x6

USB 1.x

7

RS232

8

IEEE 12842

9

Other Wired – in order of preference from highest
to lowest speed

10

Other Wireless – in order of preference fromhighest to lowest speed

11

If none of the above, test with whateverconnection is provided by the device (or none)

154
155

3) All data and network cables and routers shall support the highest and lowest data speeds of the
UUT’s network interface.

156
157

Example: In the case of Ethernet, the connection shall be via a standard Category (Cat) 5e or
better cable.

158
159

4) Products connected to a wireless protocol, such as Wi-Fi, shall be connected in close proximity to
the appropriate router or computer.

160
161
162

5) Products connected to Ethernet, per paragraph J).M)2) above, and capable of supporting Energy
Efficient Ethernet (IEEE Standard 802.3az)3, shall be connected to a network switch or router that
also supports Energy Efficient Ethernet for the duration of the test.

1636) The tester shall configure the address layer of the protocol, taking note of the following:

164
165

1) Internet Protocol (IP) v4 and IPv6 have neighbor discovery and will generally configure alimited, non-routable connection automatically.

166
167
168
169

2) IP can be configured manually or by using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) withan address in the 192.168.1.x Network Address Translation (NAT) address space if the UUT
does not behave normally when autoIP is used. The network shall be configured to support
the NAT address space and/or autoIP.

170
171
172

3) The UUT shall maintain this live connection to the network for the duration of testing unlessotherwise specified in this Test Method, disregarding any brief lapses (e.g., whentransitioning between link speeds).

2 Also referred to as a Parallel or Centronics interface.
3 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 802.3az-2010. “IEEE Standard forInformation Technology—Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems—Local andMetropolitan Area Networks—Specific Requirements—Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with
Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications.” 2010.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 6 of 9

173
174

N) Service/Maintenance Modes: Service/maintenance modes, including color calibration, shall be in
their default state during testing.

175
176

1) Energy consumption of any automatic adjustments shall be measured if captured by otherportions of the test method (e.g., Production Print).

177
178

2) Any manual interventions, as specified in Section 4.5.3.1.4 of ISO 21632, shall be excluded
to ensure repeatability of the test method.

179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186

Note: ISO 21632 includes a test for energy consumption during maintenance and requires it for models
with daily maintenance needs.

187

5 PRE-TEST UUT INITIALIZATION FOR ALL PRODUCTS

188

5.1

189

A) Prior to the start of testing, the UUT shall be initialized as follows:

190

EPA is proposing that Professional Imaging Products shall be tested with default settings and without
disabling the automatic adjustment function of color or registration, if it is incorporated in the default
setting. Furthermore, EPA proposes to keep measuring the energy consumption of any automatic
adjustments that happen by default. Any manual processes shall be excluded to ensure repeatability ofthe test method.

General Initialization
1) Set up the UUT per the instructions in the Manufacturer’s Instructions or documentation.

191
192
193
194
195

a) Accessories, such as paper source, that are shipped with the base product and are intended
to be installed or attached by the end-user shall be installed as intended for the productmodel. Paper shall be placed in all paper sources designated to hold the paper specified fortesting, and the UUT shall pull from the default paper source, using the as-shipped paper
source settings.

196
197
198
199
200

b) If the product is connected to a computer, either directly or via a network, during the test, thecomputer shall be running the newest version of the manufacturer’s default driver available atthe time of testing using settings corresponding to the default settings upon shipment, unlessotherwise specified in this test method. The print driver version used for testing shall berecorded.

201
202

i)

In the event that a setting does not have a default and is not defined in this test method,
the setting shall be set according to the tester’s discretion and shall be recorded.

203
204

ii)

When connecting via a network and multiple computers are connected to the network,
print driver settings apply only to the computer sending the print jobs to the UUT.

205
206
207
208
209

c) For products designed to operate on battery power when not connected to the mains powersource, the battery shall be removed for all tests. For UUTs where operation without a battery
pack is not a supported configuration, the test shall be performed with fully charged batterypack(s) installed, making sure to report this configuration in the test results. To ensure thebattery is fully charged, perform the following steps:

210
211

i)

For UUTs that have an indicator to show that the battery is fully charged, continue
charging for an additional 5 hours after the indication is present.

212
213
214

ii)

If there is no charge indicator, but the manufacturer’s instructions provide a time estimate
for when charging this battery or this capacity of battery should be complete, continue
charging for an additional 5 hours after the manufacturer’s indication.

215
216

iii) If there is no indicator and no time estimate in the instructions, the duration shall be 24
hours.
ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 7 of 9

2172) Connect the UUT to its power source.

218
219
220

3) Power on the UUT and perform initial system configuration, as applicable. Verify that default
delay times are configured according to product specifications and/or manufacturer
recommendations.

221
222
223
224
225

a) Product Speed for Testing for Professional Imaging Products: The product shall be tested inits default as-shipped configuration.
Note: ISO 21632 for Professional Imaging Products require testing under one Best Quality/Best
Productivity. However, as noted above, in response to stakeholder requests, EPA proposes to simplify
the test and require testing in the default as-shipped configuration.

2264) User-controllable anti-humidity features shall be turned off or disabled for the duration of testing.

2275) Pre-conditioning: Place the UUT in Off Mode, then let the UUT sit idle for 15 minutes.

228
229

a) For EP-TEC products, let the UUT sit in Off Mode for an additional 105 minutes, for a total ofat least 120 minutes (2 hours).

230
231
232
233
234
235
236

b) Pre-conditioning is only required prior to beginning the first test on each UUT.
Note: ISO 21632 for Professional Imaging Products requires one hour or more for pre-conditioning. One
stakeholder specified that ISO 21632 covers equipment other than electro-photographic (EP) equipment,
but as ENERGY STAR covers EP imaging products, EPA proposes to depart from ISO 21632 and will
require 2 hours of pre-conditioning for professional products. This will make the test method morecomparable to the ENERGY STAR test method for Non-professional Imaging Products.

237

6 PROFESSIONAL IMAGING PRODUCT TEST PROCEDURE

238

6.1

239

Testing in Accordance with ISO 21632
A) All testing shall be conducted in accordance with Section 4.5.4 of ISO 21632.

240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250

Note: One stakeholder asked that the proposed test method for Professional Imaging Products be as
specified in Section 4.5.4 of ISO 21632. In particular, the test method should include Job 1 energy andthe average of Jobs 2 and 3, along with Off Mode and Sleep Mode. The stakeholder also commented thata streamlined test procedure is necessary and that ENERGY STAR keep the main provisions of ISO
21632 (e.g., skip test print/sleep/5% consistency check between jobs).

251
252

7 TEST PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS WITH A DIGITAL FRONTEND (DFE)

253
254

This step applies only to products that have a DFE as defined in Section 1 of the ENERGY STAR
Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment.

255

7.1

256
257

A) Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network
connection used shall be determined using Table 5.

To simplify the test, EPA proposes to reference Section 4.5.4 of ISO 21632, which in turn references
specific preceding sections; also, certain previously-referenced sections, including 4.4 Measuring
Conditions, no longer need to be referenced as these requirements have been brought over from the
Non-Professional Imaging Product ENERGY STAR test method.

Ready Mode DFE Test

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 8 of 9

258
259
260

B) If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internalor external to the imaging product, a 10 minute power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made,and the average power recorded while the main product is in Ready Mode.

261
262
263
264

C) If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required
for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Ready Mode. This will most commonly be accomplished bytaking an instantaneous power measurements of each dc input into the DFE and adding them
together for the total dc power.

265

7.2

266
267
268

This testing shall be performed to obtain the Sleep Mode power of a DFE device over a 1 hour period.
The resulting value will be used to qualify Imaging Equipment products that incorporate DFEs with
network-capable Sleep Modes.

269
270

A) Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network
connection used shall be determined using Table 5.

271
272
273
274

B) If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internalor external to the imaging product, a 1 hour power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made,and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode. At the end of the 1 hour
power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure the DFE is responsive.

275
276
277
278
279

C) If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required
for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Sleep Mode. A 1 hour power measurement of the dc input
to the DFE shall be made, and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode.
At the end of the 1 hour power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure
the DFE is responsive.

280D) In cases B) and C), the following requirements apply:

281

1) Manufacturers shall provide information on:

Sleep Mode DFE Test

282a) Whether DFE Sleep Mode is enabled as-shipped; and283b) The expected time to sleep of the DFE.

284
285
286
287

2) If the DFE does not respond to the print request at the end of 1 hour, the Ready Mode power
level measured in the test method shall be reported as the Sleep Mode power.
Note: All information specified or provided by manufacturers for product testing shall be publicly available.

288

8 REFERENCES

289
290

A) ISO 21632 “Graphic technology -- Determination of the energy consumption of digital printing
devices including transitional and related modes”

291

B) IEC 62301:2011. Household Electrical Appliances – Measurement of Standby Power. Ed. 2.0.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. July-2018)

Page 9 of 9