IAIJapan

IAIBusiness

International Alliance
forInteroperability

SoftwareModelsIFC As A State of the Art Solution
Tokyo - 6th July 1999

Needs

Jeffrey Wix
IFC R2.X Project Manager, UK Chapter Technical Co-ordinator

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

AGENDAIAIIAI Objectives

Business

Business Context

Software

Software Technology

ModelsModeling History and Technology
Process, Information and Object Models

Needs

Relationships and Needs
STEP, Projects, Academic

6th July 1999

1IAIJapan

International Alliance forInteroperability

IAI
Business

VisionTo enable software interoperability
in the AEC/FM industries

MissionSoftwareModelsTo provide a universal basis for process improvement
and information sharing in the construction andfacilities management industries.

GoalNeeds

To Define Industry Foundation Classes

IFC
6th July 1999

IAIJapan

The IAI Objective

IAIfrom
this...

Business

SoftwareModelsNeeds

6th July 1999

…to this2

IAIJapan

The IAI Objective…toglobal
working

IAI
Business

SoftwareModelsNeeds

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

Project Lifecycle

IAI

Post
Occupancy
Evaluation

Business

Facility Usagean st rag uce m t io
en nt

Usev eral neua edt io sn

DesignFeedback

TenderingAnal ys
te i s ast ndNeeds

ConstructioConM nPr Brog iefra ing
m /
ming

esign

Modelsdsee o nni
er uatUs valeDemolition

D

SoftwareyerivlDe

from Kjell Svensson, KTH

6th July 1999

3IAIJapan

Information in the Projectfrom Kjell Svensson, KTH

IAI

SoftwareModelsAmount of information

Business

Information in total
Working information
As-built information

Needs
Usage

Demolition& Recycling

DesignBriefing/
Programming

Construction

Tendering

Delivery

Usage

Refurbishment

Demolition andRecycling

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

Information in Drawings
from Kjell Svensson, KTH

IAIBusiness• A medium-sized (about 5000 sq. m.) office building requires
500-600 drawings to be completed.
• + geographical maps and surveys.
• During the life-time of a building, smaller refurbishments
generate about fifty new drawings every ten years.

SoftwareModelsNeeds• At least twice a century, major conversions are required
which add about another 250 drawings.
Drawing type (discipline)
Architecture
Construction
Mechanical Services (HVAC)Electrical and control systems
Total number

Total No.
100
100
150
200
550

No. to archives
501006060
270

6th July 1999

4IAIJapan

Information Lifecycle

IAILifecycle
10BusinessHardware
Software2030405060

3-5 years
2-10 years

SoftwarePeopleModels1-40 years

Information

1-100 years

Facility

5-100 years

Needs

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

IAI
Business

SoftwareModelsNeeds

Business Benefit“A common complaint heard fromacademics and software vendors is that those
involved in the construction industry areresistant to change. I feel that this is wrong.
Many professional people are realists. They
will not take on technology because it is new,
but because it is beneficial.”
Comment to the ISFAA Email Conference 1997 by Andrew
Crowley(Steel Construction Institute. CIMsteel model developer)

6th July 1999

5IAIJapan

IAI

Business Benefit
Usage

Benefits

Business

SoftwareModels

Needs
Dreamers
Innovators
Mainstream

Laggards

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

IAI
Business

SoftwareModelsClasses and Relationships
Class = CentrifugalFan–----Attributes
LengthWidth
HeightLocation
Cost
BaseDate
InletRadius
OutletWidth
OutletDepth
SupplyVolume
Resistancestartsstartsstops

Centrifugal
FanstartsCentrifugal Fan

StarterstartsstartsNeeds

Starterstarted_by

Centrifugal Fansstops
stopped_by
6th July 1999

Centrifugal Fan

Starter

6IAIJapan

Views on a ClassIAIBusiness
StructuralEngineerArchitectural Interface

SoftwareQuantity
Surveyor

Structural Interface

shapelocation

weightlocation

Models

Needs

Services Interface
Architect

Quantity
SurveyingServices(or Cost)
interfaceEngineerlocation
inlet connection size
outlet connection sizes
distribution characteristics

costlocation

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

IAI
Business

SoftwareModels

Needs

Decomposing Classes
Centrifugal Fan
ObjectObjectArtefact
Class = Process–----Identity = abc123xyz43-------Attributes
StartDate = 20-10-98
EndDate = 24-10-98
Duration = 4 days-------Behaviours
ChangeStart ()ChangeEnd ()Class = CentrifugalFan–----Attributes
Length = 2.000m
Width = 1.500m
Height = 1.500m
Location = Plant Room 1
InletRadius = 600mm
OutletWidth = 1450mm
OutletDepth = 750mm
SupplyVolume = 9cu.m/s
Resistance = 10kPa

Class = Cost–----Identity = abc123xyz44-------Attributes
Amount = 3642.65
Currency = GBP
BaseDate = 14-09-98-------Behaviours
NewAmount ()NewCurrency()

Object

6th July 1999

7IAIJapanClass Behaviors

IAI
ObjectBusiness
LengthSoftwareBehaviours
Width
CostHeight

BaseDate

InletRadius

ModelsOutletDepth

Location
OutletWidth

Resistance

SupplyVolume

NeedsAttributes

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

General AEC Reference Model (1986)

IAI

Functional Unit

F.U

FU-ID

T.S

Businesssolvesrequires

Software

F.U

F.U

F.U

T.S

T.S

T.S

Technical Solution
TS-ID

ModelsGARM Basic Model
Needs

F.U

F.U

T.S

T.S

FU/TS
Decomposition

6th July 1999

8

IAIJapan

Building Systems Model (1988)

IAI

phase
(INV) phase_of

yields S[1:?]Building_Projectproject_type(INV) type_of

Business
STRING

project_type(INV) type_of

Softwarephase

Building_Produc rep_by S[1:?]Building_Productt_Model(INV) phase_of

Models

has_system S[1:?]Building_System

Needs

Building(INV) system_of

1

Associative_System

Active_System

Passive_System

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

Application Protocols (1993)IAI

INTEGRATEDRESOURCES
4141

Business

42424545101101

Needs

PRODUCTSTRUCTURE
CONFIGURATION
4646

MATERIAL

ModelsREPRESENTATIONSTRUCTURE

4444

GEOMETRIC ANDTOPOLOGICALREPRESENTATION

Software2012014343

FUNDAMENTALSOF PRODUCTDESCRIPTIONINTEGRATED AP.
RESOURCES :DRAUGHTINGAPPLICATIONPROTOCOLS

VISUALPRESENTATION

203
203

EXPLICITDRAUGHTINGIMPLEMENTATIONMETHODS

214214CORE DATA FOR
AUTOMATIVEDESIGN PROCESS

218
218

225225BUILDING ELEMENTUSING EXPLICITSHAPE REP.

228
228

22222121CONFIGURATIONCONTROLLEDDESIGN

SPF

SDAI

SHIP
STRUCTURESBUILDING :HVAC

230230106
106
BUILDINGCONSTRUCTION
CORE

DESCRIPTIONMETHODS:

BUILDINGSTEELWORK

1111

EXPRESS

3131

Conformance
Testing34
34

Abstract
test suite
methods

CONFORMANCETESTING

6th July 1999

9IAI
Japan

IAI

ATLAS Models (1993)
Sector type
ModelsStM

Business
Part type
Models

PtM

PtM

SoftwareModels

Needs

View type
ModelsApplication
type Models

VtM

AtM

VtM

AtM

AtM

VtM

AtM

AtM

AtM

6th July 1999IAIJapanIFC Model (1996+)

IAI
Business

SoftwareModelsNeeds

6th July 1999

10IAIJapan

IAI

Process Model
Asset
RegisterConstructed
Facility
Register
Asset

Business

Work Item
RequestA1
A1

Software

A2

A4
Corrective
Work Order

Completed
Work Order

A4Do
MaintenanceInspection
Work OrderA2

Condition
RecordModels

Maintenance
History

A5

Local
Work Order

A5

RecordMaintenanceandCondition

MonitorCondition

A6

A3
A3

Needs

Opportunity
Inspection

Fault orBreakdown
ReportMonitored
Condition
Requirement

Operating
Facility

Maintenance
Schedule

Plan
Maintenance

PlannedCorrective
Work Order
Report Fault
or MakeRequestNew
Project ItemScheduledWork Order

Corrective
Requirement

Maintenance Actor

Expected
Reduced
Performance

Procurement

Maintenance
Reports

Helpdesk

6th July 1999

IAIJapanObject Model

IAI

IfcGroup

Business

IfcControl

IfcAssetRegister
1

ContainsAssets S[1:?]Software
IfcSuperAsset

References S[2:?]IfcAssetRiskType

AssetRiskType S[1:?]ExpectedLife
WarrantyDuration

ModelsNeeds

IfcLocationSelectIncorporationDate

IfcAsset

HealthAndSafety
Hazards
Insurance
GeneralRiskFactor

OriginalValue
CurrentValue
Location

AssetIdentifier

Site
Building
BuildingStory
Zone
SpaceSystem

6th July 199911IAIJapanProperty Set Model (Lifts)
Pset_ElevatorCar

IAI

SpecialPurposes
PropertyList

Business

SimplePropertyWithUnit

ElevatorCarOperatingStation

ElevatorCarHandrail

IfcPositiveLengthMeasure

DisplayType
PanelType
PanelFinish

HandrailType
SurfaceFinish

CarWidth
CarHeight
CarDepth

SoftwareElevatorCarMirror

ModelsElevatorCarFinish

Needs

LHPanelFinish
RHPanelFinish
RearPanelFinish
FasciaFinish
CeilingFinish
FloorFinish

MirrorType
MirrorPosition
SimplePropertyWithUnit
IfcPositiveLengthMeasure
MirrorWidth
MirrorHeight

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

IAIBusiness

SoftwareModelsNeedsElevator Car Property Set
Property NameSpecialPurposes

Definition
Additional purposes for which the elevator car
may be used including firefighting, evacuation
etc.
CarWidth
The horizontal dimensions between the innersurfaces of the car walls measured parallel tothe front entrance and at 1m above the car
floor.
CarHeight
The inside vertical distance between theentrance threshold and the constructional roofof the car. Light fittings and false ceilings areaccommodated within this dimension.
CarDepth
The horizontal dimensions between the innersurfaces of the car walls measured at rightangles to the car width and at 1m above the carfloor.
ElevatorCarOperating See ElevatorCarOperatingStation property list
Stationdefinition
ElevatorCarFinish
See ElevatorCarFinish property list definition
ElevatorCarHandrail See ElevatorCarHandrail property list
definition
ElevatorCarMirror
See ElevatorCarMirror property list definition

Property Type
IfcSimpleProperty

Data or Rel. Type
IfcString

IfcSimplePropertyWi IfcPositiveLength
MeasurethUnitIfcSimplePropertyWi IfcPositiveLength
MeasurethUnitIfcSimplePropertyWi IfcPositiveLength
MeasurethUnit

IfcPropertyList
IfcPropertyList
IfcPropertyList
IfcPropertyList

6th July 1999

12

IAIJapan

Release Strategy

IAI
IFC Release 2.X Platform
Business

R3
Extension
Releases

Software
IFC Release 4 Platform

ModelsNeeds

R4
Extension
Releases

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

6th July 1999

IAI
Japan

IAI

Relationship with STEP
• IFC uses a lot of STEP technology• BUT it must be used carefully
Business

SoftwareModels• We have to find ways of working more closely with ISO– We have A-liaison status– We have good contact with ISO TC59 and we must buildon this• Conversations have been held between IAI and STEP peopleof the STEP Technical Architecture• We must participate
Needs– Model from the Process Industry (EPISTLE/PIEBASE)– Model from the Petrochemical Industry (POSC)• We need resources to do this
6th July 1999

13

IAIJapan

IAI
BusinessNeeds• Tools and approaches that enable people in projects to work
together more effectively• Development of abilities to reference static information stores• Extend and refine property set capability to handle
differences in ‘flavor’ of a common concept.

Software• Use and reference current work

Models

•••
•

Needs

Deliver capability to industry
Market what we do to industry
Extend collaboration
Extend technology

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

IAIBusiness

SoftwareModelsNeeds

IFC As State of the Art Technology• IFC is State of the Art for the Building
Construction Industry• It is a Leading Edge, not ‘Bleeding Edge’• Technology is only one part of the problem• It may be the easiest part of the problem to solve• There are also
– People Issues– Business Issues– Cultural Issues– Legal Issues– …. and others

6th July 1999

14IAIJapan

Lexicon of Terminology

IAI

The information
modeling world

Business

A Lexicon tolink worlds

SoftwareModelsNeeds

The classification world

The provided
information world

6th July 1999

IAIJapan

IAI

Future Services
Knowledge Based
DesignAssistance
Services

Model Access
Services

Interoperability
Services

USER

Knowledge Based
Code Checking
Services

Business

Software

Remote User
Specialised
Engineering
Services

Models

Needs

Personal Planning
Services

Training andOnline Human
Support Services

Technology
Support Tools foreCommerce
Services

6th July 199915