2024. 2. 6

Japan Society of Civil Engineers
International Activities Center

IAC News No.136
The IAC News introduces significant and unique international projects, technologies, symposium,
communication undertaken by JSCE IAC, International Section, ACECC, and Research & Development
Section with over 30 committees, state-of-art- civil engineering technologies and projects, greatand interesting achievements of civil engineer and researcher once a month.
This month’s issue features IAC Int’l Civil Engineer Group’s activites, JSCE Student Sub-Committee’sreport and the Port of Wakkanai’s breakwater dome preventive maintenance. From technicaldiscussion to networking programs, you may find them informative and interesting.
We are happy to receive your interests, requests and feedbacks anytime. Thank you

The Host Senpai Program Kick-off Meeting
The Host Senpai Program Kick-off Meeting event was organized by the Civil Engineering International Student(CEIS) support group of the International Activities Center (IAC), JSCE. The program took place at JSCE on
Sunday, December 17, 2023, from 14:00 to 16:00, and was attended by over 20 international students andinternational civil engineers from a total of 15 countries. This diverse representation added a rich layer ofdiversity to the program, fostering a truly global and inclusive atmosphere.
The event began with the introduction of the Host Senpai Program by Amirfarkhan Bin Radzali from Nishimatsu
Construction Co. Ltd., explaining the program’s aims, benefits, and future events. The Host Senpai Programaims to guide and assist international students living in Japan while providing networking opportunities toparticipants. Additionally, international civil engineers working in Japan, acting as ‘senpai,’ will offer guidance
to international students on various aspects, including future prospects, daily life, and sharing their experiences
working in Japan. Following the introduction, the group session commenced, where ‘senpai’ and students weregrouped together, with each group consisting of 1 ‘senpai’ and 2 students. The session began with selfintroductions and the exchange of information on how they would connect with each other.
After the group session, a leisure activity was conducted by Luisa Santa from Hazama Ando Corporation.
Participants were asked to fill in a bingo sheet containing special characteristics of every participant’s country.
This session added enjoyment to the event as participants heated up the atmosphere by engaging in conversations
to complete the bingo sheet, asking about each other’s countries’ special characteristics. The winners of thissession were given a commemorative gift by JSCE.
The event continued with a networking session, where participants engaged in lively conversations, creating an
atmosphere buzzing with connection and collaboration. The organizers thoughtfully provided refreshments,
enhancing the informal and friendly setting. Students seized valuable opportunities to interact with experienced
civil engineers, exchanging insights and sharing their experiences.

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Next was the gift exchange, where participants brought and exchanged gifts in a circle, passing them until themusic stopped. The joyful atmosphere and shared laughter made it a memorable experience. Finally, the event
concluded with a group photo, and everyone was free to continue networking until 16:00.
The participants expressed high satisfaction and gave positive feedback. Moving forward, the program willcontinue with guidance from ‘senpai’ to students, and as organizers, we aim to plan more events in the future.

Introduction to Host Senpai ProgramGroup Activity

Country Bingo

Group Photo with Gift

【Reported by Civil Engineering International Student Support Group, IAC, JSCE】

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Student Subcommittee of the JSCE:
Overseas plus Civil Engineering WG

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The Port of Wakkanai’s North Breakwater Dome
Preventive Maintenance Project– Maintenance to Ensure History and Culture for Future Generations –1. Overview
The Port of Wakkanai’s North Breakwater Dome was built in 1936, playing an extremely
important role as a facility to protect people and cargo set to travel along the Wakkanai
Route, which connects Hokkaido and Sakhalin, from high waves and strong winds.
Nowadays, in addition to this role, the North Breakwater Dome also undertakes a newrole in showcasing history and culture as a tourist facility that holds local events and isbustling with tourists, as well as a JSCE Civil Engineering Heritage Site and a Hokkaido
Heritage Site. The Hokkaido Regional Development Bureau undertook full-scalerenovation work to upgrade the superstructure from the footing beams for over three
years from 1978, recreating the original design as it was back in 1936. Approximately

Shinobu Kurokawa(Hokkaido Regional
Development
Bureau, Ministry ofLand, Infrastructure,
Transport
andTourism)

40 years has passed since the renovation work and the North Breakwater Dome has seen
the reemergence of deterioration, particularly corrosion of the rebars on the outside of the arch made of concreteslabs.
The North Breakwater Dome has a unique structure and an expansive arch made of concrete slabs. As thematerial performance assessment and repair scope were different to that of a general port facility, developing a
repair plan that met the necessary performance standards within the confines of existing knowledge proved to
be challenging.
Therefore, for this project, a unique judgment criteria to ensure preventive maintenance of the North Breakwater
Dome was conceived and a maintenance approach for the outside of the arched slab area was formulated, withrepairs conducted based on these.

Sambashi Station and Boarding/Disembarking
Point of Wakkanai Route [1938]Today

The North Breakwater Dome in 1938 and Today

2. Forming maintenance approach using degradation map and impact of approach
In recent years, while technical standards for maintaining the reinforced concrete structures have been
established, there is limited knowledge for assessing the extent of damage based on inspection results and4deriving optimal measures according to that assessment, and thus
establishing precise methods for conducting specific repairs has
been an issue. A new concept called the “degradation map” wasconceived to tackle this issue. The degradation map is anassessment of the deformation of the inspection and diagnostic
scope of each area by dividing the extensive scope into grid-likeareas, categorizing the state of degradation into five levels of
deterioration linked to the risk of rebar corrosion.

Cross-Section of North Breakwater Dome

It was possible to optimize repair costs and make appropriate repairs by establishing repair methods on an areaby-area basis not only for the current state of the facility but also for predicting the progression of future
deterioration and associated performance decline, as well as implementing appropriate preventive maintenancemeasures in accordance with said predictions.
The impact of the approach was as follows.
1) Improved work efficiency
The degradation map turned the visual inspection deformation records into numerical data, and by plotting
this data, we could understand deformation trends visually and simply across a broad spectrum.
The degradation map links the deformation with the risk of rebar corrosion, and therefore it is possible toascertain the rebar corrosion state of materials.

Categories of Degradation in Degradation Map
Table 1 Categories of Degradation in Degradation Map

2) Reduced costs
For the North Breakwater Dome, it was possible to reduce the repair costs compared to conventional
reactive maintenance by drawing up a preventive maintenance repair plan using the degradation map.
3) Greater quality of maintenanceBy carrying out strategic preventive maintenance with the degradation map created from the perspective of
the risk of corrosion to rebars, the expenses required for inspections and repairs can be optimized, and byeffectively inspecting through the simple monitoring efforts of visually inspecting the deformation, it is now
possible to undertake reliable maintenance of the facility.

53. Repair approach for North Breakwater DomeFor the approach for repairing the outside of the arched[Deformation Record]slab area of the North Breakwater Dome, a construction
method to remove the chloride ion and repair the rebarsof the areas of degradation level three and above wasselected using an area two meters by two meters as areference in consideration of preventing cracks during
making reinforcements, pour joints, and repairs, basedon a preventive maintenance plan using a degradationmap.
The degradation level three area was an area where theconcrete was chipped away up to a depth of 5.5 cm,
exceeding the chloride ion threshold concentration that
initiates corrosion, and it was decided to repair the
cross-section with fiber-reinforced polymer cement
mortar. The degradation level four and above area waswhere the concrete was chipped away up to 1 cm behind
the rebars (a depth of 16 cm), and it was decided to
repair the cross-section with fiber-reinforced polymer
cement mortar after subjecting the rebars to anti-rust
treatment.
The repair work of the outside of the arched slab area
was carried out from fiscal 2016 and was completed in[Degradation Map]

Deformation Record and Degradation Map

fiscal 2022. By monitoring deformation through regularvisual inspections and continuously updating the degradation map even after these repairs, appropriate
maintenance is now possible and reduction in maintenance costs can be expected.
4. Infrastructure Maintenance Project Award winner
The Port of Wakkanai’s North Breakwater Dome
Preventive Maintenance Project won the JSCE 2022
Infrastructure Maintenance Project Award. I would like totake this opportunity to thank all the experts who provided
guidance, the consultants who conducted the surveys anddesign work, the construction company that undertook theconstruction work safely, the facility users and relatedparties who helped implement the project, as well as

Repairs to North Breakwater Dome

everyone connected to the project at the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.
【Reported by Sinobu Kurokawa, Director of Engineering Works Division, Wakkanai Port Office,
Wakkanai Development and Construction Department, Hokkaido Regional Development Bureau,
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism】

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International students visit MLIT

On September 29, 2023, the MLIT lunchtime session was held, which made possible the interaction ofinternational students and officials of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism MLIT.
After 4 years of recess due to the restrictions generated by the covid pandemic, the event was successfully
restarted with the participation of 11 international postgraduate students in civil engineering in Japan and 20
MLIT officers, in addition to the participation of the coordinators on behalf of Japan Infrastructure Partners(JIP), Foreign Student Office of the University of Tokyo, and the Civil Engineering International Students
Support Group CEIS of JSCE.

Students and officers gathered at the restaurant in the MLIT Building

The event kicked off with JIP taking the stage, sharing their projects in Myanmar, sparking inspiration among
the attendees. This was followed by group sessions in which each student had the opportunity to hear fromofficers about the work done in the ministry, opening their horizons in the world of industry, and getting to know
about MLIT goals, projects, and perspectives.

★Comments from participating students:“The most interesting part was having a chance to discuss and share experiences with MLIT. I learned a lot
from the discussion and had fun.”“I found interesting that many people are working on fields which I was not aware of. I enjoyed the talk about
the carbon neutral ports and learned a lot.”“I think the event was really successful. It was great to meet MLIT officials and get to know about theirprojects and goals. I think this helps international students to broaden their mindset in contributing tosustainable and collaborative society.”

It was also a good opportunity for MLIT officers to learn about different cultures, as students from theAfghanistan Cambodia, Canada, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka and Thailand participated.
Students and MLIT officers formed small teams, delving deep into discussions that knew no bounds. The beauty7

of these conversations lay in their freedom; students posed questions, ranging from policy intricacies to personal
experiences, and the MLIT officers, with their wisdom, responded, enriching every dialogue.
★Comments from participating MLIT officers:“It was a great experience for me to be able to talk with international students who are in Japan, which issomething I am not able to do in my daily work.”“I thought it was great that alumni working for Japanese companies were also able to attend.”

After the group sessions, participants enjoyed a buffet lunch, soeveryone was able to continue interacting actively while enjoyingadelicious

Italian

meal.

The

event

concludedwithcommemorative photos in front of MLIT building.
For those unable to join this year, mark your calendars for the next
time! This is an annual event, and a warm invitation is extended
for you to be part of it next year. Your participation is sure toenhance the depth of our collective experiences.

Group Session

Lunch TimeAt the front of the MLIT Building【Reported by Luisa Santa Spitia, Civil Engineering International Student Support Group, IAC】

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International Symposium on Local SDGs
-Monitoring and Accelerating Actions towards the 2030 AgendaThe United Nations Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD), in collaboration with the Central Japan SDGs
Platform, organized the "International Symposium on Local SDGs -Monitoring and Accelerating Actions
towards the 2030 Agenda." This event was funded by a grant from the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE)
Academic Exchange Fund, a public trust.
While the SDGs are being mainstreamed in urban and regional development in countries around the world, theSDGs have been incorporated into regional development strategies in Japan and are being actively promoted,
but it is said that the progress have been delayed due to the impact of the new coronavirus epidemic and Russia's
invasion of Ukraine. In order to further accelerate efforts to achieve the SDGs by 2030, it is necessary to
objectively grasp various issues, review existing measures, and formulate new measures. In the context of thissituation, we held an international symposium with the aim of sharing with Asian cities the efforts being madeat the local level in Japan to accelerate smart city and the SDGs.
The first half of the event featured lectures by Professor
Shun Kawakubo, Faculty of Engineering and Design
Department of Architecture, Hosei University, and Ms.
Bernadia Irawati Tjandradewi, Secretary General, United
Cities and Local Governments Asia Pacific (UCLGASPAC), on the latest domestic and international trends
regarding local SDGs. Prof. Kawakubo gave an overview
of the dissemination of the SDGs in Japan, explained theInternational Symposium on Local SDGs

relationship between goals and targets and the use of
indicators, and introduced two platforms on the SDGs operated by the Kawakubo Lab, "Local SDGs Platform"and "Platform Clover". In addition, Ms. Tjandradewi, Secretary General of UCLG-ASPAC as a global task force,gave a lecture on the status of SDG implementation in the Asia-Pacific and the monitoring and review
mechanisms necessary to achieve the SDGs at the local level. She also introduced the support measures thatUCLG is implementing for local governments to achieve the SDGs, especially the Voluntary Local Review(VLR) guidelines.
The second half of the event featured case studies presented by UNCRD and local governments. UNCRD
presented the SDG monitoring tools for local governments, which are being developed jointly withmunicipalities in Aichi Prefecture and private companies since 2020, and "HALFWAY TO 2030" report, which
is being written by an editorial board led by UNCRD. Presentations were then made by Toyota City andGamagori City in Aichi Prefecture, and Penang Island City in Malaysia on SDG initiatives being implemented
in each municipality.
64 participants, including three mayors and one deputy mayor, from more than 20 cities in 11 countries
participated in the symposium and share knowledge and experiences, then an exchange meeting was also held
after the symposium to build a worldwide network.

9【Reported by The United Nations Centre for Regional Development (UNCRD)】

Joint Seminar on Fly Ash and Blast Furnace Slag Blended Cement Concrete- Research, Specifications and Applications in Thailand, Indonesia and Japan Joint Seminar on Fly Ash and Blast Furnace Slag Blended Cement Concrete - Research, Specifications andApplications in Thailand, Indonesia and Japan - was held on September 28th, 2023. This joint seminar wasorganized by JSCE Concrete Committee with co-organization from Indonesian Society of Civil and StructuralEngineers (HAKI), Engineering Institute of Thailand (EIT), and Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology(SIIT), Thammasat University, Thailand. JSCE have organized two joint seminars on the related topics with ourIndonesian counterparts in 2019 and 2021, respectively. JSCE is also keeping close collaboration withresearchers in Thailand on the application and research of fly ash and slag. Sharing common issues on promoting
low-carbon and high durable concrete materials by using fly ash and slag, this joint seminar was aimed tostrengthen academic and industrial communication among civil engineers and researchers from the three
countries. The seminar was in hybrid form with most of the speakers and participants attending online, and avenue was prepared in SIIT, Thammasat University for some speakers and participants attending on site. The
presenters and their presentation titles of this seminar are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Speakers and their presentation titles
Presentation
Speaker
Study on the potential utilization of off-spec fly ash in Dr. Warangkana Saengsoy,
concrete
Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology,
Thammasat University, Thailand
High-volume fly ash concrete in marine condition and Dr. Januarti Jaya Ekaputri,
recent research for geopolymer
Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology,
Indonesia
Rapid assessment method for pozzolanic activity of fly ash Dr. Takeshi Yamamoto,(API method) as JIS A 6201
Central Research Institute of Electric Power
Industry, Japan
Fly ash in concrete production: improving performance and Mr. Yohans Sunarno,
cost efficiency
Operation Director, PT Bosowa Beton Indonesia,
Indonesia
Applications for high-volume fly ash concrete in Thailand
Mr. Sakkarin Luangkamchorn,
The Concrete Products and Aggregate Co., Ltd.,
ThailandApplication of fly ash cement to Dam concrete in Japan
Dr. Takeshi Torichigai,
Kajima Corp., Japan
Microstructures of slag and fly ash blended cement concrete

Dr. Ivan Sandi Darma,
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia

Moderator: Dr. Shingo Asamoto (Saitama University, Japan)

Thailand and Indonesia are undergoing fast economic growth, leading to high demands for infrastructuredevelopment. Meanwhile, the global carbon neutrality consensus in recent years brings new challenges to10

concrete and construction industries towards low-carbon concrete materials. It is highly valuable that JSCE
could share the experience and recent advances in Japan with our counterparts of Thailand and Indonesia in theapplication of fly ash and slag in concrete. It is also important for Japanese researchers and engineers to learn
about the recent research advances and practices in Thailand and Indonesia for the sake of further improvementof technologies and international communication in Japan.
In the seminar, two presenters from Japan, three speakers fromIndonesia, and two speakers from Thailand, made their presentations
on the topic from academic or industrial viewpoints. Dr. Warangkana
Saengsoy, SIIT, Thammasat University, Thailand, introduced theirrecent research progress on the utilization of fly ash off specifications
in concrete, indicating that many off-spec fly ashes have highpotential for use in concrete so more studies on them should be

SIIT, Thammasat University

carried out. Dr. Januarti Jaya Ekaputri, Sepuluh Nopember Instituteof Technology (ITS), Indonesia, introduced their study progress ofhigh-volume fly ash concrete in marine environment including both
tidal and immersion, particularly strength development and chloride
penetration. In addition, she introduced the current research on
geopolymer made from fly ash and sea water, showing the potentialof geopolymers to be utilized in marine environment. Dr. Takeshi

Online Speakers of Joint Seminar

Torichigai, Kajima Corporation, Japan, is working on developmentof ecological and green concrete and their application in practical projects. In his presentation, the applicationof fly ash cement concrete in dam construction in Japan was introduced, raising the quality control issues facedin the practical construction and the solutions. Mr. Yohans Sunarno is the operation director of PT Bosowa Beton
Indonesia, Indonesia. He introduced the current condition of fly ash sources in Indonesia and their effects for
improving performance and cost efficiency in fly ash concrete production. Mr. Sakkarin Luangkamchorn works
in The Concrete Products and Aggregate Co., Ltd., Thailand. He introduced practical application of fly ash
concrete, highlighting the projects of high-volume fly ash concrete used for high-rise building foundations forthermal cracking control. Dr. Takeshi Yamamoto, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Japan,
introduced the development of a rapid assessment method for pozzolanic activity of fly ash (API method), which
will be included in JIS A 6201. Dr. Ivan Sandi Darma, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, induced theirstudies on microstructures of slag and fly ash blended cement concrete using X-ray computed tomography (Xray CT) technologies as well as examples with the combination of superabsorbent polymer.
The joint seminar gained a lot of attentions from Japan, Thailand, and Indonesia. More than 200 participantsfrom universities, institutes, and construction companies attended the seminar via Zoom or on site. The
participants expressed great interest in the presented topics. In the Q&A session, a lot of questions were asked
ranging from material compositions, property test, quality control, and cost and manufacturing, with warm
discussions with the speakers. It can be said that the joint seminar is successful. More and deeper technicalcommunications are expected in the future.
【Reported by Concrete Committee, JSCE】

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Updates◆In response to 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake
https://www.jsce-int.org/node/873◆The International Infrastructure Archives– A Compilation of Japan’s Greatest Projects in Transfer of Civil Engineering Technology in Service –http://www.jsce.or.jp/e/archive/◆Infrastructure System Resilience: An Engineering Framework forAssessment, Management, and Governancehttps://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/9780784485088◆【YouTube】 Japanese Language Salon
https://youtu.be/axvSlA445DU?feature=shared◆IAC “News Pick Up!!” on the JSCE Japanese website
https://committees.jsce.or.jp/kokusai/iac_dayori_2024◆【YouTube】 Civil Engineering, in Your own Words (Full ver.)https://youtu.be/r1Dc37kABXM?feature=shared◆JSCE Concrete Committee International Newsletter No. 70
http://www.jsce.or.jp/committee/concrete/e/newsletter/newsletter70/index.html◆2023 Civil Engineering Design Prize, JSCE
http://design-prize.sakura.ne.jp/◆Summary of featured articles in JSCE Magazine Vol. 109, No.2, February 2024
http://www.jsce-int.org/pub/magazine◆Journal of JSCE
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/journalofjsce◆Safe and Healthy Work in the Digital Age 2023-2025 Campaign
https://healthy-workplaces.osha.europa.eu/en/media-centre/events/launch-ceremony-healthy-workplacescampaign-safe-and-healthy-work-digital-age-2023-2025◆【YouTube】 Taiwan Public Infrastructure Archives: Public Water Supply Series
https://youtu.be/mMMvODevd_Q?feature=shared◆CECAR10：http://www.cecar10.org/◆ACECC Future Leaders Group (FLG) September Newsletter
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1IXG5SJs9Sv37NVAwVYI0EoEV60W5-Bdl/view?usp=drive_web§ IAC News Subscription §The IAC News is one of the communication tools to share information and ideas with the members. We would like to invite
you, your friends and colleagues to join the communication and to subscribe the IAC News. Please register online:(http://www.jsce-int.org/node/150). We look forward to meeting you.
§ IAC Facebook §Recent activity of International Activities Center is introduced on this Facebook. Please see this home page(https://www.facebook.com/JSCE.en).
Comments and Questions
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