3-4 Sharing risk information of natural disaster byusing satellite image
The Sentinel Asia(SA) initiative is collaboration between space agencies and disastermanagement agencies, applying remote sensing and Web-GIS technologies to assist disastermanagement in the Asia-Pacific region. The SA is a voluntary and best-efforts-basis initiative ledby the Asia-Pacific Regional Space Agency Forum (APRSAF) to share disaster information innear-real-time across the Asia-Pacific region, using primarily the Digital Asia (Web-GIS)
platform.

3-4-1. Basic Research on Hazard Map for Glacial LakeOutburst Flood in Bhutan
The SA's architecture is designed to operate initially as an internet-based, node-distributed
information distribution backbone, eventually distributing relevant satellite and in spatial
information on multiple hazards in the Asia-Pacific region.A step-by-step approach for
implementation of this dissemination system was adopted as follows:
Step 1: Implementation of the backbone Sentinel Asia data dissemination system as a pilot
project, to showcase the value and impact of the technology using standard internet
dissemination systems (2006-2007)
Step 2: Expansion of the dissemination backbone with new satellite communication systems,
and enhancement of activities based on experiences in Step 1 and new requirements(2008-2012)
Step 3: Establishment of a comprehensive disaster management support system (2013onwards)
SA Step1 has achieved its overall goals. The Sentinel Asia website has operated since
October 2006. It has served as a good demonstrator project, to share disaster-related
information obtained by several Earth observation satellites such as Advanced Land Observing
Satellite (ALOS). It has also demonstrated recent advances in web-mapping technologies.
And Glacial Lake Outburst Flood resulted from climate change was focused on SA Step2.
Therefore, new working group, GLOF working, was established on step2. ADRC joined in thisworking group as one of project organization since 2009.

3-4-1-1. background
Bhutan is well known for one of affected countries due to their request. The main objectives
are to develop a hazard map, and to conduct workshops for capacity building at local level. For
considering the plan, the ADRC dispatched staff to Bhutan and discussed about this matter with243. Collection and Distribution of Disaster Information
government staff.

Fig. 3-4-1-1 Framework of GLOF working

3-4-1-2. Survey(1) Preliminary Meeting
The international conference, Joint Project Meeting for Sentinel Asia, is held to share thelatest activities every year. In 2009 meeting was conducted in Indonesia from 15th to 17th July.
During this confrtrnce the ADRC had a meeting with participants of Bhutan to discuss aworking plan.

(2) Kick off meeting
A Kick off meeting was held on 5th October 2009 in Bhutan. In this meeting,participants discussed the target area and specific plan of this project.
1）Target area
The Mo Chhu river basin was decided as target area which is shown Fig.
3-4-1-2(No1-5).
2）Objectives-To gather materials concerning GLOF for developing Hazard
Map-To build a capacity for government officer-To consider early warning system(3) Survey1）Interview
Some of participants including ADRC staff went to target area, the Mo Chhu
river basin, and have a discussion with DDM staff. It was suggested that it ispossible to cause flood resulted from GLOF in the suburbs of Punaka city.
2）Other
Before the survey, one earthquake occurred at the east of Bhutan. Therefore local
government staffs of DMM are interested in disaster mitigation activity.

25

Fig. 3-4-1-2 Map of Bhutan(ICIMOD)

Fig.3-1-1-3

Flowchart of GLOF activity

Fig. 3-4-1-4

the Punaka city

（left:1994

right(ICIMOD): At present）

26

3. Collection and Distribution of Disaster Information

3-4-2. Transmitting Images of Disaster-Stricken Area andProviding Lessons in Image Analysis Techniques(1) Emergency observation
From April 2009 to March 2010, 16 emergency observation requests were received and 20
emergency observations were performed. Table 3-4-2-1 provides details of the emergency
observations performed during this period. When emergency requests are received, ADRC's
emergency request administrator decides whether the request is appropriate and whether theobservation will be performed.
Table 3-4-2-1 Emergency observation
CountryRegion

TypeDate1

ＶｉｅｔｎａｍBac KanFlood

2009/7/7

2

Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｉｎｅｓ

Mt. Pinatubo

Typhoon2009/8/8

3

Nepal

Sunsari District

Flood

2009/8/18

4Indonesia

Cianjur, West Java state

Earthquake

2009/9/25Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｉｎｅｓ

Manila ctiy, Quezon ctiy

Flood2009/9/26

6

Ｖｉｅｔｎａｍ

Quang tri, Da Nang

Flood

2009/9/28

7Indonesia

Western Sumatera

Earthquake

2009/9/30

8Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｉｎｅｓ

Northern Luzon

Flood

2009/10/9

9NepalWestern Nepal

Flood

2009/10/12

10ＶｉｅｔｎａｍBinh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa

Flood

2009/11/3

11

Sli Lanka

Eastern Province

Flood2009/12/15

12Ｐｈｉｌｉｐｐｉｎｅｓ

Mayon volcano

Volcanic Eruption

2009/12/25

13

Indonesia

Bandung district

Land slide

2010/2/23

14

BhutanTrashigang,Mongar

Forest Fire

2010/3/915

Kazakhstan

Kyzyl-Agash

Flood

2010/3/13

16

Indonesia

Karawang, West JavaFlood

2010/3/21

Figure 3-4-2-1 flow of the emergency observation request27

(2) Follow-up Survey
Starting this year, follow-up surveys are being conducted in countries that have requested
emergency observations. Surveys this year were conducted in Philippine and Vietnam and theresults show that the requesting agencies, especially local offices, lack the necessary skills forprocessing satellite image data for disaster reduction. We must provide examples of how
satellite image data can be used, and teach relevant agencies how to process those images fordisaster reduction purposes. We also learned that the staff of local government agencies is less
adept than national government officials at utilizing satellite image data. It is therefore very
important to implement capacity-building measures for local government officials.

fig3-4-2-2 Survey in Manila, Philippine(3) Seminar and International Conference on Sentinel Asia
This year, ADRC dispatched staff to Sri-Lanka (from 27 Sep to 1 Oct 2009) and Kyrgyz(from 19 to 25 Dec 2009) to conduct seminars on the operation of Sentinel Asia. During thoseseminars, participants learned about the activities of ADRC and received training in theissuance of Emergency Observation Request.
ADRC also sent a representative to attend a conference organized by the Asia-PacificRegional Space Agency Forum (APRSAF) in Bangkok, Thailand in January 2010. At thisconference, ADRC presented on the situation and trends of natural disasters worldwide,progresses made in implementing the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 - a global
blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts -, and the application of space technologies todisaster management with Sentinel Asia and UNSPIDER as an example.

28

3. Collection and Distribution of Disaster Information

3-4-3. Capacity Building Project for Local Government
Officials
3-4-3-1. Objectives
Local government officials play pivotal roles in every stage of the disaster management cycle,
including preparedness, emergency response, rescue & recovery, and disaster mitigation.
However, they have limited opportunities to receive relevant training. This project aims toprovide local government officials with opportunities to learn about disasters, disastermanagement, and technologies for strengthening their capacity to cope with disasters, as well asto develop bases for conducting ongoing disaster risk reduction training in the ASEAN
countries in the future.

3-4-3-2. Outline
This project consists of three components: (1) development of an ongoing training system for
local government officials, (2) development of training materials and modules based on thedisaster characteristics and training needs of each country, (3) the organization of workshops for
local government officials.
The Asian Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC) and disaster risk reduction (DRR)
organizations in each country work together on selecting training topics, choosing experts toconduct training sessions, and developing training materials based on the disaster backgroundand training experiences of each country. Then the "training of trainers" (TOT) sessions are
conducted using the materials developed. After undergoing this training, the TOT participants
will then lead workshops for local government officials. If three workshops are held in eachcountry, and these are attended by a total of 90 local government officials, this program could
end up training as many as 900 total officials.
The project will last three years, with 20 months of activity scheduled in each country. Thefollowing schedule has been agreed upon by each country:FY 2008: Cambodia, Lao PDR, Vietnam
FY 2009: Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand
FY 2010: Indonesia, Myanmar, Singapore

3-4-3-3. ProgressIn fiscal 2008, kickoff meetings were held in Lao PDR (National Disaster ManagementOffice) and Cambodia (National Committee for Disaster Management) in October, and inVietnam (Disaster Management Center) in November. The meetings lasted a couple of days ineach location. ADRC and officials in these three countries discussed the training needs of local29government officials, and selected topics for training based on those needs, given theircountries' respective disaster backgrounds and disaster management systems.
At present, ADRC is working with each country on selecting experts to give lectures and on
developing training materials both in English and the local language. The "training of trainers"
sessions are scheduled for June 2009 in these three countries, and these will be followed byworkshops for local government officials later in the year.
For the countries scheduled to implement the program in the second and third years, the startdates are May 2009 and February 2010, respectively. Since the project period is 20 months ineach country, there is some overlap between them.

Fig. 3-4-3-1 Kickoff Meeting (Lao PDR)

Fig. 3-4-3-2 Kickoff Meeting (Cambodia)

Fig. 3-4-3-3 Kickoff Meeting (Vietnam)30