i

How to Read Figures, Mathematical Expressions and Equations,and Glossary
上智大学理工学部現代 GP 推進委員会
supervised by Judy Noguchi and Eri Shinoda

2008 年 2 月 26 日

目次
1

英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)11
1.1 数 (numbers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
1.2 年号, 時間 (他) (years, time, etc.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2
1.3 分数 (fractions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
1.4 添え字 (suﬃces), 累乗（powers, roots) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
（addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc.） 4
1.5 加法・減法・乗法・除法（他）5
1.6 ベクトル，行列, 関数（vectors, matrices, functions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
1.7 微分，積分, 総和 (derivatives, diﬀerentials, integrals, sums) . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
1.8 等式，不等式 (equations, inequality) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

Glossary10
2.1 Basic terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.2 ベクトル解析 (vector analysis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.3 単位 (units) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.4 化学式 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.5 ラテン語 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.6 ギリシャ文字 (Greek alphabet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.7 Professions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.8 Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

参考文献

19
————————————————————本小冊子は上智大学理工学部の科学技術英語の授業で用いるものである。
発音を含んだ教材については，http://ese.cc.sophia.ac.jp を参照されたい。

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)1

表記 (Notations)/ 同じ意味( ) 付け加えてもよい[ ] 言い換え可能
大文字 アクセントのある音節を強調

1

英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)1.1

数 (numbers)100  a [one] hundred (one, a を忘れないこと)10, 000  ten thousand628, 000  six hundred and twenty-eight thousand12, 000, 000  twelve million2, 000, 000, 000  two billion2, 000, 000, 000, 000  two trillion3.55  three point ﬁve ﬁve0.32  zero point three two0.333 · · ·  zero point three recurring0.35848484 · · ·  zero point three ﬁve eighty-four recurring20 − 30  twenty to thirty4 × 10  four times ten to the ﬁfth/
5four times ten to the ﬁfth power/
four times ten to the power of ﬁve−3

6.5 × 10  six point ﬁve times ten to the minus three∞  inﬁnity

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)

1.2

年号, 時間 (他) (years, time, etc.)1995  nineteen ninety-ﬁve1800  eighteen hundred2000  two thousand2006  two thousand six/twenty oh six
17 : 00 a.m.  seven am/ seven in the morning2 : 30  two thirty/ half past two/ two half (Br.)
10 : 18  ten eighteen/ eighteen past (after) ten9 : 45  nine forty-ﬁve/ a quarter to (of) ten
$35.80  thirty-ﬁve dollars and eighty cents1 cent  a penny5 cents  a nickel10 cents  a dime
25 cents  a quarter

1.3

分数 (fractions)a/b  a over b

ab/cd  a times b over c times d

1/n  one nth/ one over n

1/2  one half/one-half/a half


1/3  one third/one-third/a third

1/4  one quarter/one-quarter/a quarter

3/4  three quarters/three-quarters

1/5  one ﬁfth/one-ﬁfth/a ﬁfth

1o’clock はつかない2

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)

2/3  two-thirds

4/3  four over three/four thirds/four-thirds

1/10  one tenth/a tenth/one-tenth

3/7  three sevenths/three-sevenths

112/303  a [one] hundred (and) twelve over three hundred (and) three

5 2 ﬁve (and) two-ﬁfths

 5

21

311 

twenty-one over three hundred (and) eleven

1.4

添え字 (suﬃces), 累乗（powers, roots)−x  minus [negative] x2
x  x primex  x barx̂  x hat/ x wedgexi  x sub iix  x super i27  seven squared35  ﬁve cubed / ﬁve to the third power2x  x squared3x  x cubed/ x to the third powernx  x to the nth power/ x to the nth/ x to the power n/ x to the n−nx  x to the minus nth power/ x to the power minus n/ x to the minus n

x


1/2

 x to (the) half power/ the square root of x

x


1/3

 the cube root of x

x

1/n

 the nth root of x

2x dash とも言うが，dash は–の意味もある。

3

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)4√

 2  the square root of two√3 2  the cube root of two
√
n


√


x  the nth root of x

x + y the square root of the sum of x plus y

1.5

加法・減法・乗法・除法（他）（addition, subtraction, multiplication, division,etc.）x − y  x minus yx ＋ y  x plus yx ± y  x plus minus y/ x plus or minus yx ∓ y  x minus or plus yxy, x × y  x times y / x multiplied by yx · y  x dot yx ÷ y  x divided by y
x/y x over yx : y  the ratio of x to yn!  n factorial / factorial n



n
a

binomial n over a / binominal coeﬃcient n over a1 · · · 5  one to ﬁve1 + 3 + 5 + · · ·  one plus three plus ﬁve dot dot dot
x(y + z)  x times the sum of y plus z / x open parenthesis y plus z close parenthesis3(x ＋ y)z  open parenthesis x plus y close parenthesis multiplied by z/(initial) parenthesis x plus y (ﬁnal) parenthesis multiplied by z 3

3

イギリス英語では parenthesis でなく bracket を用いる。なお，括弧という場合は parentheses, brackets と複数形にする。

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)5[x]  x in brackets




1

2


{x[y + (z − w)]} one half times open brace x open bracket y plus open parenthesis z minus
w close parenthesis close bracket close brace 

x y  x prime times y double prime/ x prime times y second prime|z|  modulus of z/ absolute value of z∠ A  angle AA  right angle A

1.6ベクトル，行列, 関数（vectors, matrices, functions)x, x  vector x4
x · y  x dot y4
x × y  x cross y⎛⎞a11 a12 a13⎜⎟⎝ a21 a22 a23 ⎠ matrix with the diagonal a sub one one to a sub three three
a31 a32 a33

detA  determinant Af (x) function of x/ f of x

f −1 (x)  inverse of the function f of x/
f of x to the power minus one

exp(x)  e to the xth power/ e to the power x

exp(ix) e to the power ixln x  the natural log of xlog x  the log of xlog10 x  the common log of x

log2 x  the binary log of x/ the log of x to the base two4

内積は dot [scalar, inner] product, 外積は cross [vector, outer] product。Outer product は外積以外の意味に使われることもあるので注意。

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)lim

f (x) the limit of the function f of x as x goes to [approaches] inﬁnity

 x→∞


sin x  sine xcos x  cosine xtan x  tangent x
cosec x  cosecant xsec x  secant xcot x, ctg x, ctn x  cotangent x
sinh x  sinch x/ shine x/ hyperbolic sine xcosh x  kosh x/ hyperbolic cosine xtanh x  than x/ tanch x/ hyperbolic tangent x
cosech x  kosetch x/ hyperbolic cosecant xsech x  setch x/ hyperbolic secant xcoth x  koth x/ hyperbolic cotangent x
arcsin x  arc sine x/ the angle whose sine is xarccos x  arc cosine x/ the angle whose cosine is xarctan x  arc tan x/ the angle whose tangent is xarccosec x  arc cosec x/ the angle whose cosecant is xarcsec x  arc sec x/ the angle whose secant is xarccot x, arcctn x  arc cot x/ the angle whose cotangent is x−1
cos x  inverse cosine x/ cos minus one x−1sin x  inverse sine x/ sine minus one x−1tan x  inverse tangent x/ tangent minus one x−1cot x  inverse cotangent x/ cotangent minus one x−1sec x  inverse secant x/ secant minus one x−1cosh x  inverse kosh x/ inverse hyperbolic cosine x/ kosh minus one x−1sinh x  inverse shine x/ inverse hyperbolic sine x/ shine minus one x

6

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)−1tanh x  inverse than x/ inverse hyperbolic tangent x/ than minus one x−1sech x  inverse setch x/ inverse hyperbolic secant x/ setch minus one x

微分，積分, 総和 (derivatives, diﬀerentials, integrals, sums)

1.7f  delta f / ﬁnite diﬀerence of fdx  diﬀerential of x

df

dx 


df dx

df (x)

 dx 
∂fd f of x d x

dif f to dif x/ the partial derivative of f with respect to x/ round f round x∂x Dx f  D sub x of f / the derivative of f with respect to xδf (x)  small diﬀerence in the function f of x




b

a


f (x)dx the integral from a to b of f of x with respect to x











 


circuital integral / integral round a closed circuit

double integral
triple integralni=1 ai  the sum from i equals one to n of a sub i/

the sum of all terms of a sub i from i equals one to i equals nna the product from i equals one to n of a sub i/ i=1 i 

the product of all terms of a sub i from i equals one to i equals n1.8

等式，不等式 (equations, inequality)20 + 12 = 32  Twenty plus twelve equals thirty-two.
50 − 16 = 34  Fifty minus sixteen equals thirty-four.
7 × 5 = 35  Seven times ﬁve is [equals, is equal to] thirty-ﬁve.

7

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)815 ÷ 5 ＝ 3  Fifteen divided by ﬁve equals three.


18/2 = 9  Eighteen over two is nine.



10/20 = 1/2 Ten-twentieths is reduced to one half [one-half].
31 ÷ 7 = 4 r 3  Thirty-one divided by seven is four with a remainder of three.
4.1 − 8.3 ＝ − 4.2  Four point one minus eight point three equals minus [negative] four point

two.

2
2 = 4  Two squared is four.
3
2 = 8  Two cubed is eight.
2 : 3 = 4 : 6  Two is to three as four is to six.

x = y  x equals y./ x is equal to y.
x  y  x is parallel to y.

.

. . x = y  Therefore x equals y.
..

 . x = y  ...., since x equals y.
x : y = z : w  x is to y as z is to w.
3x + 2x = 5x  Three x plus two x equals ﬁve x.
2y = −5x + 2x + 4  y equals minus [negative] ﬁve x squared plus two x plus four.
(x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y 2 
The quantity x plus y squared is x squared plus two xy plus y squared.5 /Open parenthesis x plus y close parenthesis squared is x squared plus two xy plus ysquared.3(x + y)(x − y) = x2 − y 2 
The quantity x plus y times the quantity x minus y equals x squared minus y squared.6
Open parenthesis x plus y close parenthesis, open parenthesis x minus y close parenthesis,
is equal to x squared minus y squared.3





2
2
2
x + y = z x squared plus y squared equals z squared.7

5

quantity x plus y のあと，一呼吸おく。
quantity x plus [minus] y のあと，一呼吸おく。
7
ピタゴラスの定理, Pythagoran propostion [theorem]
6

1. 英数字数式の読み方 (How to read equations)333
x + y = z x cubed plus y cubed equals z cubed.8

y = f (x)  y equals f of x.

x = y  x is not equal to y.
x > y  x is greater [more] than y.
x < y  a is less [smaller] than b.
x ≥ y  x is greater [more] than or equal to y./ x is equal to y or greater [more].
x ≤ y  x is less [smaller] than or equal to y./ x is equal to y or less [smaller].
y  x is much greater than y.
xy  x is much less [smaller] than y.
xx + y > z  x plus y is greater than z.
2x + y ≤ z  Two x plus y is less than or equal to z./ Two x plus y is equal to z or less.
x → y  x tends to y./ x approaches y.
x ≈ y  x is nearly equal to y./x is approximately equal to y.
x ≡ y  x is identical with [to] y.
x ≡ y  x is not identical with [to] y.
x ⊥ y  x is perpendicular to y.
x  y x is parallel to y.

x ∼ y  x is asymptotic to y.
x ∝ y  x is proportional to y./ x is in proportion to y.
x ∝ 1/y x varies inversely with y./ x is inversely proportional to y.

∠A = ∠B  Capital a has the same angle as capital b./ The angle A is equal to the angle B.
ABC ≡ DEF  All capital abc coincides with all capital def.

8

cf. フェルマーの最終定理, Fermat’s last theorem

92. Glossary

2

Glossary

2.1

Basic terms

10

足す plus

因数分解 factoriZAtion

引く minus

素因数分解 factoriZAtion in prime NUMbers

かける times, MULtiplied by
わる over, deVIDed by

小数 DECimal
分数 FRACtion

公理 AXiom

分母 deNOMinator

定義 deﬁNItion

分子 NUmerator

定理 THEorem

四捨五入 round oﬀ

系 CORollary

切り上げ round up

証明 proof

切り捨て round down
実数 REal NUMber

代数 ALgebra
虚数 iMAGinary NUMber
幾何 geOMetry
解析 aNALysis

複素数 comPLEX NUMber/
COMplex NUMber

整数 INteger, INtegral NUMber
素数 prime NUMber

比例 proPORtion
Ex.) A is proPORtional to B./
A is in proPORtion to B.

自然数 CARdinal NUMber

正比例 diRECT proPORtion

序数 ORdinal NUMber

反比例 INverse proPORtion
Ex.) A is INversely proPORtional to B.

偶数 Even NUMber
等式 eQUAtion
奇数 odd NUMber

1 次方程式 SIMple eQUAtion
最大公約数 greatest COMmon diVIsor
最小公倍数 least COMmon MULtiple

線形方程式 LINear eQUAtion
２次方程式 quaDRAtic eQUAtion

因数 FACtor

３次方程式 CUbic eQUAtion

素因数 prime FACtorn 次方程式 nth-deGREE eQUAtion

2. Glossary11

微分方程式 diﬀerENtial eQUAtion

面 face偏微分方程式 PARtial diﬀerENtial eQUAtion

側面 LATeral face

連立方程式 simulTAneous eQUAtion

辺 (三角形) side

関数 FUNCtion

円 circle1 次関数 LInear FUNCtion

楕円 elLIPSE / Oval

２次関数 quaDRATic FUNCtion

半径 RAdius
直径 diAMeter

微分 diﬀerENtial
微分法 diﬀerentiAtion
導関数 deRIVative
積分 INtegral

三角形 TRIangle
直角三角形の辺 leg/ hyPOTenuse
二等辺三角形 iSOSceles TRIangle
直角三角形 right TRIangle

積分法 inteGRAtion
正三角形 equiLAteral TRIangle
合同 conGRUence/ conGRUent /CONgruence/CONgruent

不等辺三角形 scaLENE [SCAlene] TRIangle

相似 simiLARity/ SIMilar

四辺形，四角形 quadriLAteral, QUADrangle（米）, quadRANgle(英)対称 SYMmetry
横幅 width
高さ height
奥行き depth
長さ length

平行四辺形 paralLELogram
台形 TRAPezoid
不等辺四辺形 traPEzium9
正方形 square
長方形 RECtangle

重さ weight

菱形 RHOMbus

面積 ARea

五角形 PENtagon

体積 VOLume

六角形 HEXagon

底辺 base八角形 OCtagon

頂点 VERtex

多角形 POLygon

9

イギリス英語では trapezoid が不等辺四角形, trapezium が台形

2. Glossary

12

凸多角形 conVEX POLygon
凹多角形 conCAVE POLygon

角柱 prism
角錐 PYRamid
円柱 CYLinder
円錐 cone

ベクトル解析 (vector analysis)

2.2∇V, gradV  NABla CAPital V /GRAdient CAPital V







∇ · E, divE  diVERgence of VECtor ﬁeld

CAPital E∇ × E, rotE  roTAtion of VECtor ﬁeld

CAPital EV  LaPLACian CAPital V

2.3

単位 (units)

53 grams, 2 centimeters のように複数形をとる。しかし，gs, cms のようにはせず，g, cm のままでよく，ピリオドもいらない。
m  MEtercm  CENTImeter
−1cm  reCIProcal CENTImeter/

per CENTImeter
−1mol  per mole (発音は moul と長母音)s  SECondg  gram
10

華氏は FAHrenheit, 摂氏 = (華氏 − 32) ∗ 5/9

kg  KILOgramN  NEWtonJ  jouleerg  ergA  AMpereC  COUlombΩ  ohm (発音は oum)S  SIEmensT  TESlaPa  pasCALWb  WEberK  KELvin

℃  deGREE CENtigrade/deGREES CELsius106M  MEGa- 10
9G  GIGa- 1012T  TERa- 10
15
P  PETa- 10
18
E  EXa- 1021
Z  ZETta- 10−3m  MILli- 10−6μ  MIcro- 10−9n  NAno- 10−12p  PIco- 10−15
f  FEMto- 10−18a  ATto- 10−21z  ZEPto- 10

2. Glossary

2.4

化学式


C6 H5 OH  C six H ﬁve OH / PHEnolH2 C2 O4  H two C two O four / oxALic ACid
13
 C  CARbon thirTEEN3 H  TRItium

2.5

ラテン語

科学論文に出てくる主なラテン語を列記する。すべて省略形である11 。原則として斜体，頻繁に使われ英語として用いられるようになったものは立体 (http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jps/jpsj/

jshiori/etc/writing_memo.html)
ca.  about (CIRca)cf.  conFERe.g.  for exAMple (exEMpli GRAtia)
et al.  and OTHers (et ALii )in situ  in placeetc.  et CETeraibid.  in the same place (Ibidem)i.e.  that is (id est)
vs.  VERsus

2.6

ギリシャ文字 (Greek alphabet)A, α  ALphaB, β  BEtaX, χ  chiΔ, δ  DELta
1113E, , ε  EPsilonΦ, φ, ϕ  phiΓ, γ  GAMmaH, η  EtaI, ι  iOtaK, κ  KAPpaΛ, λ  LAMBda
M, μ  muN, ν  nuO, o  OMicron/omIcronΠ, π  piΘ, θ, ϑ  THEtaP, ρ  rhoΣ, σ  SIGmaT, τ  tauY, υ  UPsilonΩ, ω  oMEgaΞ, ξ  xiΨ, ψ  psiZ, ζ  ZEta

省略は一般には abbreviation, そのうち頭文字を取って作ったのは acronym

2. Glossary

2.7

Professions

科学者 SCIentist

14
化学者 CHEMist
生物学者 biOLogist

技術者 engiNEER
動 (植物) 学者 zoOLogist (BOTanist)
数学者 mathemaTIcian
物理学者 PHYSicist (phySIcian は内科医)
天文学者 asTROnomer (AStronaut は宇宙飛行士)

機械工学者 meCHANical engiNEER
電気工学者 eLECtrical engiNEER

2. Glossary

2.8

15

Physics

geOMetry
RAdiusdiAMeter
ORbit
VERticalperpenDICular
PARallelhoriZONtal
cirCUMference
DIStance
plane
slope
eCLIPSEspring [VERnal] Equinox
SUMmer SOLsticeperiHElionaPHElionleap year
half moon
QUARter moonfull moon
CREScent
new moonmeCHANics
PRINciple
law
rule
ARistotle
AristoTElian
PLAto
PlaTONic
NEWtonCoPERnicus
GaliLEo
NEWton’s ﬁrst law of MOtion
force
net force

reSULTant
FRICtion
resisTIVity
visCOSity
speed
veLOCity
accelerAtion
SCAlar
VECtormass
inERtia
meCHANical equiLIBrium
free fall
moMENtum
IMpulsebounceconserVAtion law(of moMENtum, ENergy,
mass)
ACtion and reACtion force
colLIsion
head-on colLIsioneLAStic colLIsion
ineLAStic colLIsionkiNETics, meCHANics
ENergypoTENtial ENergy
graviTAtional ENergy
kiNETic ENergy
meCHANical ENergy
efFIciency
work, POWer, force
LEVer
roTAtionroTAtional MOtion
CIRcular MOtion
torqueCENter of mass
CENter of GRAVity

CENtral force
cenTRIPetal force
cenTRIFugal force
MOment of inERtia
roTAtional inERtia
GRAVitygraviTAtional force
graviTAtional CONstant
Universe
COSmosuniVERsal
INverse [inVERse] square
law
Ocean tides
spring tides, neap tides,
high tides, low tides
black hole
EINstein
HAWking
graviTAtional ﬁeld
weight, mass, inERtia
the Sun
MERcury
VEnus
Earth
Mars
JUpiter
SATurn
URAnus, Uranus
NEPtunePLUto
periODic TAble
group
PEriodMETalloid: H, B, Si, Ge, As, Sb,
Te

non-METal: He, C, N, O, F, Ne,
P, S, Cl, Ar, Se, Br, Kr, I, Xe

2. Glossary
METal: Na, Mg, Al, etc.
H: HYdrogen
He: HElium
Li: LIthium
Be: beRYLlium
B: BOron
C: CARbon
N: NItrogen
O: OXygen
Oxide (CO2 ; CARbon diOxide)
F: FLUorine
Ne: NEon
Na: SOdium
Mg: magNEsium
Al: aLUminum(米)/aluMINium(英)aLUmina
Si: SILicon
P: PHOSphorus
S: SULfur
Cl: CHLOrine
CHLOride (NaCl, SOdium
CHLOride)
Ar: ARgon
K: poTASsium
Ca: CALcium
Sc: SCANdium
Ti: tiTAnium
V: vaNAdium
VAnadate (NaVO3, SOdium
VAnadate)
Cr: CHROmium
Mn: MANganese(米)/mangaNESE(英)MANganite (LaMnO3LANthanum MANganite)
Fe: Iron
Co: CObalt
Ni: NICKel
Cu: COPper

16
Zn: zinc
Ga: GALlium
Ge: gerMAnium
As: ARsenic (形 容詞 arSENic)
ARsenide
Se: seLEnium
Br: BROmine
BROmideKr: KRYPton
Rb: ruBIDium
Sr: STRONtium
Y: YTtrium
Zr: zirCOnium
Nb: niObium
Mo: moLYBdenum
Tc: techNEtium
Ru: ruTHEnium
Rh: RHOdium
Pd: palLAdium
Ag: SILver
Cd: CADmium
In: INdium
Sn: tin
Sb: ANtimony
ANtimonide
Te: telLURium
I: Iodine
Iodide, NaI (SOdium Iodide)
Xe: XEnon
Pt: PLATinum
Au: gold
Hg: MERcury
Pb: lead
U: uRAnium
Pu: pluTOnium

thermodyNAMics
SURface TENsion
capilLARity

atmoSPHERic PRESsure
baROMeter
Boyle’s law
PLASmagas
LIQuidSOLid
TEMperature
ABsolute ZEro
heat
inTERnal ENergy
speCIFic heat
conDUCtion
conVECtion
radiAtion
SOlar CONstantphase
evapoRAtion
subliMAtion
condenSAtion
BOILingregeLAtion
LAtent heat
adiaBAtic PROCessheat ENgine
heat pump
ENtropy
the ﬁrst (SECond) law ofthermodyNAMics

sound and waves
sine curve
SInusoid, sinusOIdal
AMplitude
WAVElength
FREquency
hertz
PEriodwave speed
TRANSverse [transVERSE]

2. Glossary
wave
longiTUdinal wave
interFERence PATtern
STANDing wave
DOPPler efFECT
infraSONic
ultraSONic
superSONiccomPRESsion
reverberAtion
reFRACtion
FORced viBRAtion
RESonance
pitch
FOUrier aNALysis

elecTRICity and MAGnetism
electroSTATics
elecTRICity
conserVAtion of charge
conDUCtor
INsulator
semiconDUCtor
superconDUCtor
polariZAtioneLECtric ﬁeld
caPACity
eLECtric CURrent
poTENtial DIFference
VOLTageeLECtrical reSISTance
Ohm’s law
diRECT CURrent
ALternating CURrent
eLECtric POWer
CIRcuitSEries CIRcuit
PARallel CIRcuit
12

17
CURrent DENsity
MAGnetism
magNETic force
magNETic ﬂux DENsity
magNETic ﬁeld, eLECtric
ﬁeld
in a magNETic ﬁeld
in high magNETic ﬁelds12
Gauss, TESla
magNETic doMAINs
magNETic doMAIN wall
MAGnetelectroMAGnet
magNETic pole
MONopole
DIpoleCOSmic rays
LOrentz force

UMbra
peNUMbra
COLor
white
red
green
blue
YELlowCYan
maGENta
PRImary COLors
three PRImary COLors
red, blue, and green
ADditive PRImary COLors(加法混色の原色)
compleMENtary COLors

electromagNETic inDUCtion

reFLECtion
reFRACtion

FARaday’s law
GENerator
COMmutator
turboGENerator
MHD (magnetohydrodyNAMics)
transFORMer
self-inDUCtion
POWer transMISsion
POWer transMISsion line
MAXwell’s eQUAtionlight
VISible light
infraRED (IR)ultraVIolet (UV)electromagNETic wave
transPARent (maTErial)
oPAqueelectromagNEtic SPECtrum
SHADow

subTRACtive PRImary COLors(maGENta, YELlow, and CYan)

FERmat’s PRINciple of least time

law of reFLECtion
Snell’s law
difFUSE reFLECtion
CRITical angle
TOtal inTERnal reFLECtion

conVERging lensconVEX lensdiVERging lensconCAVE lens
VIRtual IMageREal IMageaberRAtion
disPERsion
HUYgens’ PRINciple
difFRACtion
interFERence
polariZAtion
HOLogram

under high magnetic field とも言うが，正確には under high magNETic field conDItion

2. Glossary
light eMISsion
exciTAtioneMISsion SPECtrum
SPECtroscopeincanDEScence
abSORPtion SPECtrum
ﬂuoREScencephosphoREScence
LASer
QUANtum meCHANics
QUANtum, QUANta
QUANtum PHYSics
Planck’s CONstantphotoeLECtric efFECT
unCERtainty PRINciple
complemenTArity
X-ray
ATom
MOLecule
eLECtron
NUcleus, NUclei, NUcleon,
NUclearPROtonNEUtronquark (up, down, charm,

18
strange, top, BOTtom)

GENeral THEory of relaTIVity

RAdioacTIVity
ALpha rayBEta ray
GAMma rayaTOMic NUMber
IsotopeaTOMic mass Unit (amu)half-life
deCAY timetransmuTAtion
NUclear FISsion
chain reACtion
CRITical mass
BREEDer reACtor
light-water reACtor
NUclear FUsion
thermoNUclear FUsion

PRINciple of eQUIValence
red shift
HUBble law
HUBble CONstantgraviTAtional red shift
graviTAtional wave
geoDEsic

relaTIVity
SPEcial THEory of relaTIVity

frame of REFerence
simultaNEity
SPACEtime/SPACE-timetime diLAtion
length conTRACtion

Units
MEter
KILOgram
SECondAMpereMKSA PRACtical unit
MKSA SYStemCGS SYStem of units
CGS SYStem
NEWtonjoule
KELvinARea
VOLume

参考文献

19

参考文献
[1] これを英語で言えますか?, 講談社インターナショナル編, 1999 年，講談社。
[2] 続これを英語で言えますか?, 講談社インターナショナル編, 2001 年，講談社[3] 数学版 これを英語で言えますか?, 保江 邦夫 (著), Edward Nelson (原著), エドワード ネル
ソン, 2002 年，講談社[4] Judy 先生の耳から学ぶ科学英語, 野口 Judy, 1995 年，講談社[5] Judy 先生の耳から学ぶ工学英語, 野口 Judy，杉森 直樹, 渋谷 陽二,2002 年，講談社[6] Judy 先生の英語科学論文の書き方, 野口 Judy、2002 年，松浦克美, 講談社[7] ポイントで学ぶ科学英語論文の書き方, 小野義正, 2001 年，丸善
[8] ポイントで学ぶ英語口頭発表の心得, 小野義正, 2003 年，丸善
[9] ポイントで学ぶ国際会議のための英語, 小野義正, 2004 年，丸善
[10] 科学英語論文のすべて, 日本物理学会編, 1999 年，丸善
[11] Conceptual Physics (10th edition), P.G. Hewitt, 2005, Addison Wesley[12] 英語の数量表現辞典, トム・ガリー監修, 2007 年，研究社