January 6th, 2017
KMI symposium

R&D for Neutron Physics

Katsuya Hirota
Nagoya University「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

1

pageIntroduction「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page2

Fundamental Physics with Neutrons

esnthle ouclnrimi (pclenuitio
pr on-enoes lefa
en ctrtomt d onay rescombina
tionoftionformatformaoue /n
H=0.25ze
freen-pordia(formasition

etranasphQC
D

910 γ=/n100

syof
tiong
plinoukdecea
ctr
o-weleation105is))
hadr
on
ss
haiol

neutron EDM
T violation

nH

10-30

10-20

10-10

100

1010

Ex
traDi
m

10-40

en

sio

n

neutron lifetime

neutron interferometer, etc.

rge

Time [s]WMAP, Planck

La

10-3

spon
ati

103
100

ler
on

en

1010

nB

106

n-n oscillation

B>
0109

1015

iol

1012

1020

CPv

1015

1025

BLv

1018

Ex
traDi
m

Energy [eV]1021

Temperature [K]1024

sion103es1027

proc

1035
B=01030

erayinf
lationlog

itymoGrav

Cos「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page3

T-violation search using compound nuclear resonanceP-violating Asymmetry

Candidates of Sample targets
139La(En = 0.73eV)
131Xe (En = 3.2 eV)
81Br, 115In, 117Sn|AL| [%]

139La

131Xe

81Br

115In

117Sn

Measurements
neutron attenuation(n,γ) measurements

En [eV]

Attenuation Methodpolarized neutron

polarized target

neutron detector「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page4

Requirements for Neutron Detector
Ge detector

21.5m

NaI(Tl) detector

27.9m

Neutron Flux at J-PARC BL04 (ANNRI)

For La case, ( at L= 21.5 m)
0.7- 0.8 eV neutrons are coming 120 usec
→ 160 Mcps / cm2
For Xe case,
3.0 -3.5 eV neutrons are coming in 67usec→ 420Mcps /cm2ref) Kino et.al., NIM A626 (2011) 58「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page5

High count rate detector

・fast DAQ system
・fast decay time scintillator
・n/γ separation, simple algorithm → install to DAQ system

Candidate of scintillator
Light output Wavelength% Anthracene(nm)

Decaytime(ns)neutronconverter

neutron absorption

neutron absorption

at 0.75eV ,at 3eV,

1cm thickness

1cm thickness

NE213
BC501A,
EJ301

Liguid78425

3.2-BC523A

Liquid

65

425

3.7

Boron
4.41 %

82%

57%

GS20(Li Glass)

Solid20 - 30395

16, 49 &78Lithium6.6 %

93%

74%

LBO:Cu(Li2B4O7)

Solid0.5360<1Li 8%
B 26%

99%

93%

「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page6

Neutron Mirror Development
DC magnetron sputtering system with Ux Lab.

First example of multilayer
neutron mirror by DC Sputter.
m = 2, 14 layer「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page7

DC magnetron sputtering system with Ux Lab.
Nichrome -Ti multilayer: 7 nm thickness, 14 layersReflectivity
h36354
Entries Reflectivity
Neutron0.2143
Meanmeasurement
at0.1434
Std Dev
2J-PARCSOFIA / 106
χ / ndf MLF BL161.027e+04

10Probp00.8877 ± 0.0036
Roughness:
10Å
p2
7.329 ± 0.017
p3
9.733 ± 0.018
p4
1.033 ± 0.017

Pr
imel

0.6

arin
y

Reflectivity

0.8

0.4

0.2

000.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

q [nm-1]

11.2「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

1.4

page8

Polarized Neutron beam - SEOP
Spin Exchange Optical Pumping
Solenoid
ソレノイド

lenses
レーザー整形用レンズ¼波長板
λ/4 plateFree Induction Decay

Magnetic cavity

FID NMR coil
Kick coil

Chirped VBGrLaset)hgilraluc(Cir3He Cell

ソレノイド

Laser Diode Array

3He Polarization : (61.4 ±0.2) %estimate( at J-PARC MLF BL05)

Neutron Polarization : 19 % (En=0.75 eV)「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page9

Device development
We need neutron devices for our experiments
Mainly for nnbar oscillation search・neutron mirror (multilayer material mirror ): m=6~10 (~ 10,000 layer)
Mainly for T-Violation search・Neutron Polarizer (or Analyzer): epithermal neutron beam (〜eV)・High counting rate neutron detector : ~ GHz/detector
We also need neutron beam for developing these devices.
→ We decide to construct new compact neutron source
In Nagoya University Campus.
「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page10Compact Neutron Source
Nagoya University Accelerator-driven Neutron SourceNUANS

Nagoya University Science-Engineering Quantum Beam
Intra-university Collaboration

Science : Φ-Lab. + N-Lab. + F-Lab.
Engineering: Uritani-Lab. + Iguchi-Lab.

「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page11NUANS
Two beamlines are designing at NUANS
1st beamline (42kW)
Physics
Engineering
Device・Device and system
Imaging
Development
development for BNCT
NUANS
（Li-Target、moderator, etc…）
Medical2nd beamline (4kW)
BNCT・Neutron Imaging
・Neutron Detector Development
・Neutron optics Development (mirror, lens, etc…)
・Education「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page12

Location of NUANSES HallCampus Map of Nagoya University「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

NUANS

page

13

Electrostatic proton accelerator
Dynamitron Accelerator (DC beam) by IBA Indust.
Proton Energy: 1.9MeV-2.8MeV
Proton beam current: Maximum 15mA, 1.5mA(2nd BL)
Size : 7.5m x 2.8m 6.5ton
HV Power

ECR

Acc. tube

Quad. Mag.

Beam exit

SF6 tank

ECR Ion Source

Acc. tube「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page14NUANS is constructing now !

0
1st Beamline(20º)

0Proton Accelerator

2nd Beamline(70º)

00−2000

Control room

−1500

−1000−500「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

z [cm]

5m0500
page15NUANS is constructing now !

0
1st Beamline(20º)

0Proton Accelerator

2nd Beamline(70º)

00−2000

Control room

−1500

−1000−500「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

z [cm]

5m0500
page16NUANS is constructing now !

0
1st Beamline(20º)

0Proton Accelerator

2nd Beamline(70º)

00−2000

Control room

−1500

−1000

−500

「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

z [cm]

5m0500
page17

2nd beamline
・multi-purpose beamline : easy handle, low cost
Neutron Imaging
Neutron detector and devices development
・Proton beam current 1.5mA 〜 4kW
・Be target φ100mm→ target simulation
・Polyethylene moderator(thermal neutron)・radiation level : < 0.1μSv/h (desired value)shield weight : < 2 ton : request by ﬂoor capacity
・thermal neutron ﬂux 106n/cm2/s @50cm
Neutron Flight path : Short (50cm) or Long (2m)

「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page18

no. = 1, y =Proton beamline000

0.0000E+00

Dipole Magnet(Bending)Ionsource and Acc. tube
イオン源・加速管

Q1 Q2Q3

Dynamitron

2nd Beamline

Control room
5m−1500「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics−1000−5000

page5019

Proton beam simulation

Accelerator

We want to set the proton beam sizearound φ80 mm at target position.
horizontal spreadingBe
φ~60mm target
vertical spreading

DynamitronSim. Code : TRACE3D→Available to control the beam size:φ60mm~φ100mm「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page20Neutron target

Li Neutron yield 〜1013n/sec for 15mA
Be Neutron yield 〜1012n/sec for 15mA

1st BL : 7Li target
high neutron intensity
Chemically unstable
2nd BL : 9Be target
Chemically stable
Succeeded to use at RANS, KUANS

Neutron yield (n/µC)

1010

Li(p,n)7Li(p,n)91010
99Be(p,n)108

107Ep=2.8MeV
Ep=2.8MeV

1060

12345Bombarding Energy (MeV)

Ref) M.R.Hawkesworth, Atomic Energy Review 15 2(1977) P169

「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page21

Hydrogen blistering
Be Target was broken by hydrogen blistering.
Be target is also difficult to use for low energy neutron source.

Indiana University「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page22

Neutron Target :Proton Injection simulation

9Be(p,n) thresholdBe foil

Energy vs Thickness at Incident beam of 2.8MeV

ProtonEp=2.8MeV

is 2.06 MeV

V basement

Be (40μm)

V substrate

ProtonEp=2.8MeV

Be foil
V basement「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page23

Neutron Shielding
Polyethylene
Slowdown the neutron velocity by elastic scattering with thehydrogen. Neutron absorption is decrease with velocity.

Boron (B2O3)
absorb thermal neutron and emitt gamma-ray
10B(n,α)7*Li
7*Li→7Li+γ

Lead
Shielding the gamma-ray and transparence neutron

Lead

Polyethylene(B2O310%)moderate

Neutron beamand absorb

γ-ray

γ-ray

「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

shielding

page24

Optimize the target shielding by PHITS
no.
= 1, they = 2nd
0.0000E+00
aroundtarget shielding
6060x [cm]x[cm]4040neutron beam

2020

shielding00

reﬂector(carbon)

proton beam

PE-B
PbVoidV−20-20Be target−40-40Air

moderator(polyethylene)

CPE−60-60
400
400

450
450

500
500
z [cm]
z[cm]

550
550

600
600

・Shielding : BPE(Polyethylene with B2O3), LeadA・weight(inside the red line): about 1.7ton・radiation level at border door: about 0.05μsv/h
plotted by

calculated by PH

NGEL 4.35「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page25

Neutron beam ﬂux
O(104) /cm2/s1We can select two neutron path.
in xz (around2/s2nd target)
O(106Geometry) /cm

how2/gshow_2ndaround_xz.out@250cm(long ﬂight path)

Date = 19:53 15-Sep-201

y = 0.0000E+00@50cm(short ﬂight path)

no. = 1,100

camera box
x [cm]

50y ANGEL 4.35

neutronAir
PE-B
Pb
VoidV0proton

CPE

−50
400

450

500
z [cm]

550「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
calculated by PHITS 2.7
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page26

Imaging port of 2nd BL (Short)

2/gshow_2ndaround_xz.out

Geometry in xz (around 2nd target)

no. = 1,y=Date = 16:47 28-Sep-201

0.0000E+00

100

Scintillator

Neutron flux distribution
on the scintillator surface

Camerabox

50x [cm]

AirGEL 4.35

PE-B
Pb
VoidV0CPE

−50
400

450

500

550

Scintillator size : 10cm x 10cm
Beam flux : Max =9.5 x 105 n/cm2/s,
Min.=7.3x 105 n/cm2/s
25% peak to peakz [cm]
「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

calculated by PHITS 2.7

page27Imaging Camera box for Engineering application
CCD and Scintillator system
Neutron beam

ZnS/6LiF 200μmt Scintillator

Spatial resolution: 〜200 μm
Irradiation time : ~ min.
Movie is available : (DC beam)
Al mirror

Cooled CCD「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page28

Summary
We are developing Neutron devices
・Multilayer Neutron Mirror by using DC sputter system.
NiCr-Ti m=2, 14 layers mirror
・3He Spin ﬁlter for polarized neutron beam・High counting rate (1GHz) Neutron detector
・NUANS for neutron device development.
NUANS with electrostatic accelerator
Ep=2.8MeV Ip=15mA (42kW)
Designing and constructing beamlines
・Li and Be target (Be for physics experiment)
・Proton beamline simulation
・Shielding < 0.1μv/h, weight < 2 ton
・Neutron ﬂux estimation :104n/cm2/s at 2m from moderator「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physics

page29

Thank you for your attention「R&D for Neutron Physics」
Jan. 5-7, KMI symposium
Katsuya Hirota, Nagoya University Department of Physicspage30