NASA/GSFC/Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics
Newsletter No. 31, 06/2021

SHADOZ Notes
Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes
A NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center public archive of tropicaland remote ozonesonde profile data

SHADOZ Sites: https://tropo.gsfc.nasa.gov/shadoz
SHADOZ is a NASA project to augment and archive
balloon-borne ozonesonde launches and to archive
data from tropical and remote operational sites. The
project was initiated in 1998 by NASA/Goddard Space
Flight Center, the NOAA/Global Monitoring Division,and international co-investigators. There are currently
thirteen stations launching ozonesondes in theSHADOZ network. The collective data set provides thefirst climatology of tropical ozone in the equatorialregion, enhances validation studies aimed at improving satellite remote sensing techniques for tropical ozone
estimations, and serves as an educational tool to students, especially in participating countries.

❖ NASA GSFC HOSTS REGIONAL STATION VIRTUAL MEET-UPS ❖The COVID-19 pandemic has restricted travel for site visits, conferences, and technical meetings in 2020 andso far in 2021. To help facilitate communications with SHADOZ stations during this period, the NASAGSFC SHADOZ team organized and hosted Regional Station Virtual Meet-Ups March-May 2021 withthree regions so far: Southeast Asia, Equatorial Americas and the NOAA Pacific stations (Screenshots ofattendees in Figure below). Attendees for each Meet-Up numbered 16, 15 and 13 respectively including theGSFC team (Anne Thompson, Ryan Stauffer and Debra Kollonige), NOAA/GML partners (Bryan Johnsonand Patrick Cullis pictured below), station PIs, field operators and data managers. Individual stations
presented updates on their current staff, ozonesonde launch operations and future plans (e.g. participationin the upcoming Quadrennial Ozone Symposium). The GSFC team shared updates on new ozonesondestandards, data quality assurance and the importance of metadata for data processing.

Figure: Screenshots of: (left) Meet-Up #1 attendees for Southeast Asia stations. (middle) Meet-Up #2 attendees forEquatorial Americas stations and (right) Meet-Up #3 attendees for the NOAA Pacific stations.
Newsletter Editor: Debra E. Kollonige (debra.e.kollonige@nasa.gov)

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SHADOZ Newsletter No. 31❖ Founding PI Thank You ❖Dear SHADOZ Colleagues,The purpose of this note is twofold: (1) to thank all the SHADOZ operators, data providers andsponsors who have kept data flowing during the pandemic and (2) to reflect on SHADOZ highlights
over the past 23 years as I transition from SHADOZ Principal Investigator (PI) to SHADOZ “FoundingPI.” There are still restrictions in SHADOZ host countries but thanks to dedication of operators and theirorganizations, all but 2 stations are launching 15 months after “work from home” orders began. This is anextraordinary achievement – thank you! Year after year, the station people make SHADOZ the “premierozonesonde network” as our Archiver of 20 years (Sept. 1998-April 2019), Jacquie Witte, liked to call us.
What began as a 3-year funded proposal in 1997 with NOAA’s Global Monitoring Lab andpartners from 5 continents representing 10 stations (see logo), has grown to 14 stations with more than adecade of ozonesonde-radiosonde profiles – 9000 pairs at https://tropo.gsfc.nasa.gov/shadoz. Indeed, there
are years when SHADOZ profiles have accounted for 15-20% of the WOUDC record. SHADOZ has > 2000
citations and the data are now used in countless papers assimilated in models and with satellite data.
SHADOZ has had tremendous impact on tropical atmospheric science and beyond. Among otherhighlights and spinoffs of SHADOZ are:1) Filling in ozone structure in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in the tropics led to thediscovery of a distinct “tropical tropopause layer” that is neither simply stratospheric nor troposphericin nature. SHADOZ has an h-index of 26 with an average of 109 citations per year for 1998-2021.
2) Since 1998 more than 20 ozone-measuring satellites have used SHADOZ profiles for algorithm
development and validation of new products. See SHADOZ-satellite timeline in The Earth Observer
here at: https://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/eo_pdfs/Sep_Oct_2019_color_508.pdf#page=4.
3) From 2000 and beyond, the participation of SHADOZ in quality assurance activities has been highly
visible and effective. SHADOZ was active in the 2000 Jülich Ozonesonde Intercomparison Experiment(JOSIE) and the PI and Archiver joined the Assessment of Ozonesonde Standard Operating Procedures(ASOPOS) expert team when it formed in 2004. The first WMO/Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW)
Report was based on JOSIE-2000 and the ASOPOS activities. The 2017 JOSIE experiments werededicated to SHADOZ, with all test profiles simulating tropical conditions (Thompson et al.,BAMS, 2019). Eight SHADOZ station personnel participated in a major capacity-building exercise.
4) The capstone project of the JOSIE series is the 2021 ASOPOS 2.0 Report, sponsored by WMO/GAW, theIntl Ozone Commission and the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change(NDACC). Anne Thompson is Co-Editor of ASOPOS 2.0 and Ryan Stauffer and Debra Kollonige
are Chapter authors.
5) The “strategic ozonesonde network” concept (Thompson et al., Atmos. Env., 2011) was extended by
the SHADOZ team to 4 North American field campaigns when coordinated launches wereconducted during US-Canada-Mexico aircraft experiments in the “IONS” (Intensive OzonesondeNetwork Study). Collaborators were NOAA/Global Monitoring Laboratory (S. Oltmans and B.
Johnson, Boulder) and Environment and Climate Change Canada (D. Tarasick, Downsview).
At the end of May 2021, I formally retired in a transition from NASA/Goddard Senior Scientist
for Atmospheric Chemistry to “Senior Scientist Emeritus.” I expect to stay active as time allows ininternational ozonesonde quality assurance work but the day-to-day leadership of SHADOZ and of theNDACC Wallops Island ozone station has transitioned to Dr. Ryan Stauffer. Many of you know Ryanfrom JOSIE-SHADOZ, sites visits and conferences. Please welcome Ryan as he takes on the Principal
Investigator duties. I look forward to seeing many of you at ongoing virtual meetings, and before long, inperson again.
Anne Thompson2SHADOZ Founding Principal Investigator

SHADOZ Newsletter No. 31❖ Message From New PI ❖Dear SHADOZ Community,I am thrilled and honored to introduce myself as the new SHADOZ Principal Investigator. I
assumed the PI role in June 2021 after Dr. Anne Thompson transitioned to Emeritus at NASA/GSFC. Dr.
Thompson will continue to be involved in SHADOZ as I take over the day-to-day PI responsibilities.
Dr. Thompson was my MS and PhD advisor beginning in 2010 when I was a graduate student atPenn State University, and I started launching and working with ozonesondes that summer. After her
move back to NASA/GSFC in 2013, Dr. Thompson continued to advise me through the completion of myPenn State PhD in 2016. After graduation, I continued working with Dr. Thompson as a University ofMaryland contractor and NASA postdoc, and eventually as a new NASA hire in March of this year. LikeDr. Thompson, I have also worked with SHADOZ Archiver Dr. Debra Kollonige for several years,beginning in 2012 when she was hired as a postdoc at Penn State.
I am beginning my role during an exciting year for SHADOZ: Thanks to the efforts of Dr. Thompson,NOAA, NASA HQ, and several international partners, we have re-activated the Watukosek and San
Cristóbal stations, and will be welcoming a new station, Quito, Ecuador, into SHADOZ. I will strive tocontinue the great work led by Dr. Thompson over the past 23 years by providing the highest-possible
quality data from the world’s premier ozonesonde network and conducting exciting new science! Pleasejoin me in thanking Dr. Thompson for her many years of service to the SHADOZ network and NASA.
I am looking forward to meeting/seeing many of you again when travel resumes in the future.
Sincerely,Dr. Ryan M. Stauffer
SHADOZ PI❖ New 2021 Funding for 3 Equatorial Americas Stations ❖In February, NASA Headquarters funded
3 SHADOZ stations in the Equatorial
Americas region beginning in 2021. Thesestations are Costa Rica through a renewed
partnership with Professor Andres Diazand the University of Costa Rica (UCR);
and San Cristóbal in the Galápagos andQuito,
Ecuador,throughanewarrangement with Professor María Cazorla
and the University of San Francisco Quito(USFQ). Costa Rica has been a part ofSHADOZ since 2005 and San Cristóbal
was an active SHADOZ station until early2016. During the Equatorial Americas Meet-Up in April, Professor Cazorla shared the history of thenewest SHADOZ station, Quito, which has ozonesonde launches dating back to 2014, and her plans forthe reactivation of the San Cristóbal station. The SHADOZ PI is currently working with the station PIs
on the logistics for launching ozonesondes regularly this year.

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SHADOZ Newsletter No. 31❖ SHADOZ at NOAA Global Monitoring Annual Conference ❖• On May 26, Ryan Stauffer, Anne Thompson, and Debra Kollonige presented on ozonesonde data quality
and tropical ozone trends at NOAA’s eGMAC (https://gml.noaa.gov/annualconference/index.html):• Stauffer, talk: “An Updated Examination of the Post-2013 Ozonesonde Total Column OzoneDropoff”• Thompson, talk: “Regional and Seasonal Trends in Tropical Ozone from SHADOZ (So.
Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes) Profiles: Reference for Models and Satellite Products”• Kollonige, poster: “ASOPOS (Assessment of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for
OzoneSondes) 2.0: Ozonesonde Measurement Principles and Best Operational Practices”.
• Other presentations during eGMAC from SHADOZ Colleagues include:• Bryan Johnson (NOAA/GML), poster: “New ECC Ozonesonde Pump Flow Efficiency
Measurements”.
• Holger Vömel (NCAR), poster:” The Importance of the Time Response of Electrochemical
Concentration Cell (ECC) Ozonesondes for Measurements of Tropospheric and StratosphericOzone”.

❖Recent noteworthy ozonesonde publications ❖Thompson, A. M., Stauffer, R. M., Wargan, K., Witte, J. C., Kollonige, D. E., and Ziemke, J. R. (2021). Regional andSeasonal Trends in Tropical Ozone from SHADOZ Profiles: Reference for Satellite and Model Products, J. Geophys.
Res. Atmos., paper in revision, https://www.essoar.org/doi/abs/10.1002/essoar.10506068.1.
Tarasick, D. W., Smit, H. G. J., Thompson, A. M., Morris, G. A., Witte, J. C., Davies, J., et al. (2021), Improving ECC
Ozonesonde Data Quality: Assessment of Current Methods and Outstanding Issues. Earth and Space Science, 8,
e2019EA000914, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EA000914.
Vömel, H., Smit, H. G. J., Tarasick, D., Johnson, B., Oltmans, S. J., Selkirk, H., Thompson, A. M., Stauffer, R. M.,Witte, J. C., Davies, J., van Malderen, R., Morris, G. A., Nakano, T., and Stübi, R. (2020). A new method to correct
the ECC ozone sonde time response and its implications for “background current” and pump efficiency, AMT, 13,5667–5680, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-5667-2020.
Stauffer, R. M., Thompson, A. M., Kollonige, D. E., Witte, J. C., Tarasick, D. W., Davies, J., et al. (2020). A post-2013
dropoff in total ozone at a third of global ozonesonde stations: Electrochemical concentration cell instrument
artifacts? Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, e2019GL086791, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL086791.
Thompson, A. M., et al. (2019). Ozonesonde Quality Assurance: The JOSIE-SHADOZ (2017) Experience. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.
https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0311.1
Sterling, C. W., et al. (2018). Homogenizing and estimating the uncertainty in NOAA’s long term vertical ozone profile records
measured with the electrochemical concentration cell ozonesonde. Atmos. Meas. Tech. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2017-397
Witte, J. C., A. M. Thompson, H. G. J. Smit, H. Vömel, R. Stübi, and F. Posny (2018). First Reprocessing of Southern Hemisphere
ADditional OZonesondes (SHADOZ) Profile Records. 3. Uncertainty in Ozone Profile and Total Column. J. Geophys. Res., 123.
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027791
Thompson, A. M. et al. (2017). First Reprocessing of Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes (SHADOZ) Ozone Profiles(1998-2016). 2. Comparisons with Satellites and Ground-based Instruments. J. Geophys. Res., 122.
https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027406
Witte, J. C., A. M. Thompson, et al. (2017). First reprocessing of Southern Hemisphere ADditional OZonesondes (SHADOZ)
profile records (1998-2015) 1: Methodology and evaluation. J. Geophys. Res., 122. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026403

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SHADOZ Newsletter No. 31❖ Upcoming Relevant Meetings ❖SHADOZ will be represented at the following:
19-23 July 2021:
Ozone Research Managers Meeting
13-17 September 2021:
NDACC Steering Committee Meeting
International Global Atmos. Chem. (IGAC) Meeting
3-9 Oct 2021:
Quadrennial Ozone Symposium
Seoul, Korea

Attention Data Users:➢ Questions about SHADOZ should be directed toPI, Ryan Stauffer. SHADOZ data sets areproducts of evolving research by the site CoInvestigators (Co-Is) and ongoing community
collaboration.
➢ The SHADOZ homepage gives technical andcontact information for each station and their CoIs responsible for the original data processing.
Co-Is should be consulted for details of their
methods & appropriate references to their work.
➢ Questions about the final data and any news
updates should be directed to the Archiver:Debra Kollonige.

►SHADOZ GSFC Science Team◄

Dr. Ryan M. Stauffer
Principal Investigator (PI)ryan.m.stauffer@nasa.gov

Dr. Debra E. Kollonige
Data Archiver/Webmasterdebra.e.kollonige@nasa.gov

Dr. Anne M. Thompson
SHADOZ Founding PI
anne.m.thompson@nasa.gov

SHADOZ Site

Principal Investigator (PI), Station Chiefs and Operators

Ascension Is., U.K.

Ryan Stauffer (PI, ryan.m.stauffer@nasa.gov; NASA), Peter Crane & Patrick Benjamin, Leroy
Hudson (US Air Force AFSPC E-ROS/Wolf Creek)

San Pedro, Costa Rica

Ryan Stauffer (PI; NASA), Jorge Andres Diaz & Ernesto Corrales (UCR), Holger Vömel (NCAR)

Hanoi, Vietnam

Shin-Ya Ogino (PI, ogino-sy@jamstec.go.jp; JAMSTEC), Nguyen Thi Hoang Anh (AMO)

Hilo, HI, USA

Bryan Johnson (PI, bryan.johnson@nasa.gov; NOAA/GML), Patrick Cullis (NOAA/CIRES), David
Nardini, Matthew Martinsen, & Darryl Kuniyuki (NOAA/MLO)

Irene, South Africa

Gert J. R. Coetzee (PI, gerrie.coetzee@weathersa.co.za; SAWS), Tshidi Machinini (SAWS)

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Ahmad Fairudz B Jamaluddin (PI; fairudz@met.gov.my), Mohan Kumar Sammathuria, Mohd
Firdaus Bin Jayaha (MMD)

La Réunion Is., FranceJerome Brioude (PI; jerome.brioude@univ-reunion.fr), Stephanie Evan (Co-I), Jean-Marc Metzger &Kevin Lamy (U. Réunion)

Nairobi, Kenya

Christian Félix (PI; christian.felix@meteoswiss.ch), Réné Stübi & Gonzague Romanens(Meteoswiss), Kennedy Thiongo (KMD)

Natal, Brazil

Francisco R. da Silva (PI; fraimundo@crn.inpe.br), Tercio L. B. Penha, Moisés F. de Queiroz, &Kelvem L. de Freitas (INPE)

Paramaribo, Surinam

Ankie Piters (PI; ankie.piters@knmi.nl) & Marc Allaart (KNMI), Sukarni Sallons-Mitro & GeorgePaiman (MDS)

Pago Pago, Am. Samoa

Bryan Johnson (PI; NOAA/GML), Patrick Cullis (NOAA/CIRES), Ryan Musick (NOAA/ASO)

San Cristóbal, Ecuador

María Cazorla (PI, mcazorla@usfq.edu.ec; USFQ)

Suva, Fiji

Bryan Johnson (PI; NOAA/GML), Patrick Cullis (NOAA/CIRES), Matakite Maata, Francis Mani &Miriama Vuiyasawa (USP)

Watukosek, Java, Indonesia

Ninong Komala (PI; ninongk@yahoo.com), Habib Khirzin Al-Ghozali, Toni Subiakto (LAPAN)