SATELLITE AND SPACE COMMUNICATIONS

SSC

http://committees.comsoc.org/ssc/

IEEE
COMMUNICATIONSSOCIETY
SSC NewsletterVol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010
The Satellite and Space Communications (SSC)
Committee is a volunteer group actively involved inadvancing satellite and space communication
technologies within the IEEE. This committee isapproved by the IEEE Communications Society andis governed by the constitution and bylaws of theIEEE as well as the other twenty-three TechnicalCommittees in the Society. The committee belongs
to the Technical Committee Clusters ofCommunication/Signal Processing (C/SP).

CONTENTSSSC Committee Meetings........................... 1
GC2010 SSC Activities .............................. 1
How to join SSC Committee and mailing
list………………………………………….2
Officers ....................................................... 2
Message from the Chair .............................. 2
Scanning the World..................................... 3
Forthcoming ICC and GLOBECOM
Cosponsoring/Related Conferences
and Workshops............................................ 5
Conference Calendar................................... 6
Perspective Articles .................................... 7

SATELLITE & SPACE
GC2010 SSC Committee Activities- JOIN US All conference attendees arewelcome to join us in the SSC
Committee meeting.

Symposium on Selected Areas in Communications:
Tuesday, 7 December 2010 • 10:00 – 11:10
Location: Gardenia
SAC01: Deep Space Networking
Chair: William Ivancic, NASA Glenn Research Center, USA

Location: Tuttle(InterContinental
Miami)


Wednesday, 8 December 2010 • 10:00 – 11:10
Location: Gardenia
SAC05: Coding for Satellite Communications
Chair: Muriel Medard, MIT, USA

Date:Thu, Dec. 9, 2010Time:

12:30 - 14:00


Thursday, 9 December 2010 • 10:00 – 11:10
Location: Merrick I
SAC18: Satellite Resource Management
Chair: Mario Marchese, University of Genoa, Italy

Future SSC Meetings
June 2011, Kyoto, Japan
Dec. 2011, Huston, TX, U.S.A.
June 2012, Ottawa, Canada.


Thursday, 9 December 2010 • 11:20 – 12:30
Location: Riverfront North Hall
SAC2P: Topics in Satellite and Space Communications (Poster)
Chair: Takaya Yamazato, Nagoya University, Japan

SSC Newsletter

HOW TO JOIN SSC COMMITTEE AND MAILING LIST
If you like to join SSC Technical Committee: Please send your name and e-mail address to the SSC Secretary,
optionally include your mail address, telephone and fax numbers.
If you like to join SSC Mailing List: Instructions on how to subscribe/unsubscribe are available at
http://lists.scnl.dist.unige.it/listinfo/ssc.

SSC COMMITTEE OFFICERS
CHAIR
Prof. Nei Kato
Graduate School of Information
Sciences
Tohoku University
Aoba 09, Aramaki, Aoba-ku,
Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
Tel: +81+22-795-6161
Fax: +81+22-795-6162
e-mail: kato@it.ecei.tohoku.ac.jp

VICE CHAIR / EDITOR
Dr. Igor Bisio
Department of Communications,
Computer and System Science
University of Genoa
Via Opera Pia 13,
16145, Genoa, Italy
Tel: +39-010-3532803
Fax: +39-010-3532154
e-mail: igor@dist.unige.it

SECRETARY
Dr. Hiromitsu Wakana
National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology
4-2-1 Nukui-Kita, Koganei,
Tokyo, 184-8795, Japan
Tel: +81-42-327-6026
Fax: +81-42-327-7605
e-mail: hwakana@nict.go.jp

PAST CHAIR
Prof. Takaya Yamazato
Department of ElectricalEngineering and Computer Science
Nagoya University
Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
Tel: +81-52-789-2743
Fax: +81-52-789-3173
e-mail: yamazato@ieee.org

COMMITTEE HISTORIAN
Mr. Louis Pollack
c/o Pollack Associates
15321 Delphinium Lane
Rockville, MD, USA 20853
Tel: +1 301 929 1295

COMMITTEE ADVISOR
Prof. Desmond P. Taylor
Dept. of Electrical & Electronic
Engineering
University of Canterbury
Private Bag 4800
Christchurch, New ZealandTel: +64 3 364 2213
Fax: +64 3 364 2761
e-mail:taylor@elec.canterbury.ac.nz

MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR

Prof. Nei Kato
appreciate your continuing support and really lookforward to your valuable opinions so that we may
make our TC even better and active in future.

It is my immense pleasure to convey my message inthis column for the very first time as the Chair ofSatellite and Space Communications (SSC). I would
like to take this opportunity to express my deep
thanks towards the SSC TC Officers Selection and
Nomination Committee for nominating me as one of
the candidates for the Chairperson and also towards
the SSC members who have placed their trust by
selecting me for this privileged position. I would also
like to state that I will do my level best to carry out
the duty as the SSC Chair. Furthermore, my heartfelt
thanks go to our former Chair, Prof. Takaya
Yamazato, and former Vice Chair, Dr. Tarik Taleb,
for their valuable contributions to sustain theactivities of our TC.

As our past chairs, Prof. Abbas Jamalipour and Prof.
Mario Marchese, repeatedly emphasized in thiscolumn during the last couple of years, I believe thefirst priority of the new officers is to bring more
active members to this TC and significantly increase
the number of submissions in the two IEEE flagshipconferences, namely ICC and GLOBECOM.
However, achieving the goal of increasing thesubmissions may not be so easy. From my personal
points of view, there are two main obstacles lying
ahead in this respect. The first obstacle consists in thestagnant economy. Many countries have reduced
their budgets in satellite communication area
although satellite communication systems play a
crucial role in disaster relief and solve the problemsof the digital divide. The other reason is the severe

According to the outcome of the election held in July
earlier this year, Dr. Igor Bisio and Dr. Hiromitsu
Wakana are to serve as Vice Chair and Secretary of
SSC for the next two years’ term, respectively. We

http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/-2-Vol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010

SSC Newsletter
having good and mature prospects for satellites
communications should also be considered as good
contributions. In a sense, encouraging industrial
researchers to submit their experiment results basedon real implementation is crucial to the progress of
our TC in terms of exchanging ideas andtechnologies from all perspectives.

competition with terrestrial networks. On a personallevel, I think that the development of satellite
technologies depends on two factors. The first factor
consists in the intention of the governments to invest
in satellite research for future prospective in terms ofproviding real seamless communication environment
regardless of time and locations. The second factor
arises from the necessity of facilitating our global
environment to emphasize the need for natural
disasters monitoring and so forth.

The new officers have taken the office since August
2010. We will work closely with our members topromote the activities of our TC. If you have anysuggestions, please feel free to send them to us. We
are looking forward to discussing with you in the
coming Globecom 2010 TC meeting and via email aswell. Your kind support is highly appreciated.

Furthermore, we need to take into account how totreat the papers which are submitted to GLOBECOM
or ICC. Unfortunately, unlike ICSSC or IAC thatcover a wide range of topics, the papers submitted to
GLOBECOM and ICC tend to have a relatively
narrow scope limited to analysis and simulations. For
attracting more researchers to present their work, theresults of system development and experiments

Prof. Nei Kato, Chair
Satellite and Space Communications
Technical Committee

SCANNING THE WORLD

Dr. Igor Bisio
payloadarchitecturesandtechniques;internetworking, architecture, protocols, applications,standards; control and algorithms for satellite
networks; new paradigms in satellite and spacecommunications.
We received 40 submissions and we have accepted 9
papers (acceptance rate is very severe 22.5%). The
quality of the special issue is expected to be veryhigh.
The other special issue concerns the “Recent Trends
in Interplanetary Communications Systems” and it
will be published in the IEEE Aerospace &Electronics Systems Magazine, which is sponsoredby the IEEE Aerospace & Electronics Systems
Society where several members of our technicalcommittee are involved. The guest editorial team iscomposed by Dr. Mauro De Sanctis, University ofRome “Tor Vergata”, Italy; Dr. Giuseppe Araniti,
University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria, Italy;
Prof. Ruhai Wang, Lamar University, Beaumont,
Texas, USA; Dr. Scott C. Burleigh, Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, California, USA and me.
The issue is focused on topics such as architecture
design and specific mission analysis; satellite
constellations and infrastructures for space missions;innovative protocol stacks and paradigms forinterplanetary networks; DTN protocols; RF and
optical communication technologies; physical and
MAC
layer
schemesandadvanced
modulation/coding techniques.
In this case, the number of submissions is quite
limited probably due to the restricted topic ofinterplanetary environment: 6 papers, but the qualityof the submitted works is very high. The review

In this my “Scanning the World” article, first of all I
would like to thank all members who have placed
their trust in me. I am deeply honored to serve and I
will do my best to cooperate in the development of
the technical committee activities with the new Chair
Prof. Nei Kato and the new Secretary Dr. Hiromitsu
Wakana.
As all members know, one of the main activities of
the technical committee concerns the editorial
initiatives that allow disseminating the research
results in the Satellite and Space Communication
field. This is the subject of my fist scan.
In the last two years we worked in two directions: weorganized two special issues in importantInternational Journals/Magazines and we continued
the effort within the IEEE ICC/GC technical programcommittees.
The first special issue concerns the “Recent Advancesin Satellite and Space Communications” and it will
be tentatively published on December 2010 in the
Journal of Communications and Networks,
technicallyco-sponsored
by
the
IEEE
Communications Society. The guest editorial team iscomposed by Dr. Riccardo De Gaudenzi, European
Space Agency, Netherlands; Dr. Hung Henry
Nguyen, The Aerospace Corporation, USA; Prof.
Fotini-Niovi Pavlidou, Aristotle University, Greece;
Prof. Takaya Yamazato, Nagoya University, Japanand me.
The issue includes papers that cover a wide range of
topics such as air interface over satellite networks;

http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/-3-Vol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010

SSC Newsletter
process is ongoing and the expected number of
accepted papers is 4.
Concerning the activity in the IEEE ICC/GC
technical program committees, the Satellite andSpace Communications community has been foryears a specific track in the Symposium on Selected
Areas in Communications (SAC). The achieved
results – in terms of submissions – in the last two
years are, on average, encouraging: GC’09 SSC trackreceived 40 submissions; ICC’10 SSC track 18;
GC’10 SSC track 42; ICC’11 SSC track 34. In allcases, the average acceptance rate of the SAC
Symposium is around 35%. It means that the SSC
papers presented during conferences and, as aconsequence, the visibility of the related scientificresults are limited.

In practice, large numbers of submissions to theSatellite and Space Communications tracks at
ICC/GC is the indispensable condition not only tohave our own symposium at ICC/GC conferences (aswe had same years ago) but also to increase thenumber of the special issues in international journals
and, as a possible dream, to have a dedicatedpublication for the SSC community in the frameworkof the IEEE Communications Society.
The first opportunity to accomplish this aim is thenext IEEE GC’11. The conference will be held in
Huston, Texas, USA. The submission deadline is the
1st March 2011. Also in this case our members canfind the SSC dedicated track in the SAC symposium:let us not lose this opportunity!

The numbers shown both for journals andconferences are quite satisfying but if we want to get
more visibility and importance in the IEEE ComSoc
community, we need to increase the number ofsubmitted papers in particular concentrating effort
towards the editorial initiatives of the technicalcommittee.

http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/

Dr. Igor Bisio, Vice Chair
Satellite and Space Communications
Technical Committee-4-Vol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010

SSC Newsletter

FORTHCOMINGGLOBECOM AND
ICC CONFERENCESCOSPONSORING / RELATEDCONFERENCES AND WORKSHOPS
forces, Department of Defense, federal government,
and the heads of multi-national forces from aroundthe globe.

ICC 2011
June 5-9, 2011, Kyoto, Japan.
http://www.ieee-icc.org/2011/
The Premier Telecommunications Event for Industry
Professionals and Academics from Companies,
Governmental Agencies, and Universities around theWorld.
Themed “Source of Innovation: Back to the Origin,”
IEEE ICC 2011 covers the entire range ofcommunications technologies, offering in-depth
information on the latest developments in voice, data,
image, and multimedia.

GLOBECOM 2011
December 5-9, 2011, Houston, TX, USA
http://www.ieee-globecom.org/2011
The IEEE Global Communications Conference(GLOBECOM), the annual flagship conference of theIEEE Communications Society (ComSoc), is thepremier telecommunications event for industry
professionals, academics, companies and government
agencies from around the world. IEEE GLOBECOM
2011 will host its 54th annual conference from 5 – 9
December 2011 in Houston, Texas.
Themed “Energizing Global Communications”, IEEE
GLOBECOM 2011 covers the entire range ofcommunications technologies, offering in-depth
information on the latest developments in voice, data,
image, and multimedia. IEEE GLOBECOM 2011
features 12 Specific Symposia, Tutorials, Workshops
and the Industrial Forum and Exhibition.

MILCOM 2011
November 7-10, 2011, Baltimore, MD, USA
http://www.milcom.org/
MILCOM 2011 celebrates the 30th anniversary of thepremier international conference for militarycommunications. “Networks … Attaining the Value”
gathers the leading minds of government, military,industry and academia in an interactive forum tofurther explore, define and leverage the benefits
networks bring to today’s and tomorrow’s challenges.
MILCOM 2011 gives industry the opportunity topromote communications technologies and services
to commanders from all branches of the armed

http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/-5-Vol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010

SSC Newsletter

CONFERENCES CALENDARCONFERENCEDATE ＆ LOCATION

June 27-30, 2011,
SPECTS 2011
International Symposium on
The Hague, The Netherlands
Performance Evaluation ofComputer andTelecommunication Systems
April 17-22, 2011,
SPACOMM 2011
The Third International
Budapest, Hungary
Conference on Advances inSatellite and Space
Communications
Nov. 28 – Dec. 1, 2011
AIAA InternationalNara, Japan
Communications Satellite
Systems Conference (AIAA
ICSSC-2011
March 28-31, 2011
WCNC 2011
IEEE Wireless Communications Cancun, Quintana-Roo, Mexico& Networking Conference
Feb 17-18, 2011
PSATS 2011
3nd International Conference on Malaga, Spain
Personal Satellite Services
May 11-13, 2011
ICSOS 2011
International Conference on
Santa Monica, CA, USASpace Optical Systems andApplications

INFORMATION
http://atc.udg.edu/SPECTS2011/

http://www.iaria.org/conferences2010/SPACO
MM11.html

http://www.ilcc.com/icssc2011/

http://www.ieee-wcnc.org/

http://www.psats.eu/

http://icsos2011.nict.go.jp/

To all SSC members: If your postal address, telephone or fax numbers have changed, please
update them with the committee secretary. You can review our current records on our web pageat http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/.

http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/-6-Vol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010

SSC Newsletter

PERSPECTIVE ARTICLE

December 2010

A Functional Architecture for Future AeronauticalCommunications
Simon Plass1, Nicolas Van Wambeke2, Prashant Pillai3, Yim Fun Hu3, and Tomaso de Cola1
1

German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Institute of Communications and Navigation, Oberpaffenhofen, 82234 Wessling, Germany{simon.plass, tomaso.decola}@dlr.de2

Thales Alenia SpaceBusiness Segment Navigation & Communications, Toulouse, France
Nicolas.Van-Wambeke@thalesaleniaspace.com
3

University of Bradford
School of Engineering, Design and Technology, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK{p.pillai, y.f.hu}@bradford.ac.uk
flexible avionic architecture is thus one of the main challenges
addressed by the EU research project SANDRA [2]. In thislight, the SANDRA communication system will represent a
key enabler for the global provision of distributed services for
Common Decision Making based on the System Wide
Information Management concept, and for meeting the highmarket demand for broadband passenger and enhanced cabin
communication services.

Abstract— The EU SANDRA (Seamless Aeronautical
Networking through integration of Data-Links, Radios andAntennas) project aims to design, specify and develop an
integrated aircraft communication system to improve efficiency
and cost-effectiveness by ensuring a high degree of flexibility,
scalability, modularity and reconfigurability. For these goals a
new and future-oriented concept for the required functionalarchitecture has to be developed. SANDRA aims at the definitionof an access to an open system resulting in a collection ofcommunications technologies targeted at specific operationalsettings. This represents a considerable extra burden to be
carried by the aircraft, should the new radio links be
implemented in stand-alone equipments. Hence, a new approachaiming at a broader level of integration is needed to achieve therequired increase of capacity, safety, security and efficiency of airtransportation operations while at the same time keeping
complexity and cost of on-board networks and equipments withina sustainable level.

The SANDRA system is considered as a ‘system of systems’
addressing four levels of integration: Service Integration,
Network Integration, Radio Integration and Antenna
Integration. From the communications network point of view,
SANDRA spans across three segments, namely, Aircraft
segment, Transport segment and the Ground segment, asshown in Figure 1. The Aircraft segment consists of the mainfunctional components: the Integrated Router (IR), theIntegrated Modular Radio (IMR) and the Antennas consistingof a hybrid Ku/L band Integrated Antenna (IA), a VHF band
antenna and a C-band antenna.

Index Terms— Aeronautical communications, Seamless
networking, aeronautical networking, functional architecture.

I. Introduction
overall air transportation sector is currently under
T HE
significant stress. With the demand in aircraft
operations expected at least to double by the 2025
timeframe [1], there are well-founded concerns that current airtransportation systems will not be able to accommodate thisgrowth. Existing systems are unable to process and provide
flight information in real time, and current processes andprocedures do not provide the flexibility needed to meet thegrowing demand. New security requirements are affecting theability to efficiently move people and cargo.

Figure 1. SANDRA Network Architecture
The definition of a functional architecture for such a complex
system is then aimed at integrating the main network functions
and the message flow exchanges between main functions.
Hence, a description of the data exchange for the data plane,

The integration of different service domains with very
heterogeneous requirements through a cost-effective andhttp://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/-7-Vol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010

SSC Newsletterthe control plane, and the management plane is needed.
Furthermore, a specification of the characteristics dependingon the type of services is required in the data plane.

Figure 2. High Level overview of the SANDRA system from a functional point of view
This perspective paper gives an overview of the developed
future-oriented functional architecture for a seamlessaeronautical networking. Section II begins by describing thefunctional architecture on the topology level in the first partfollowed by the specification of the airborne level functionalarchitecture in the second part. Finally, this perspective article
is concluded in the last Section and gives an outlook on theupcoming challenges.

ground like the Mobility Information Services and the
Security Services. Finally, the figure also presents the
ATS/AOC Service Providers which are the groundcounterparts of the corresponding onboard systems andapplications.
The SANDRA system supports the System Wide Information
Management (SWIM) [4] architecture and the related airborne
and ground components of the SWIM architecture are also
shown in Figure 2. The SWIM based ATS/AOC applications
will interface with the SWIM airborne middleware on the
airborne side and the SWIM Air-Ground Datalink GroundManagement System (AGDLGMS) stations on the ground.

II. SANDRA Functional ArchitectureThis section presents a high level overview of the
SANDRA network functional architecture. While a detailed
presentation of all the functional blocks and theirinterconnection is provided in [3], the goal of this section is toprovide a global presentation of the system from a functional
point of view. After presenting the architecture from a
topology level, the focus is made on the airborne architecture
which is the core of the SANDRA network functionalarchitecture.

In order to support multiple data links with variablecharacteristics and constraints (e.g. local coverage of
AeroMACs vs. global coverage of the satellite, variable data
rate and latency), the onboard network and the various accessnetworks are interconnected by the Airborne router and the
IMR. It is at this level that all the functionalities related to
Quality of Service, Resource Management, Packet Schedulingand Link Selection take place. Furthermore, mobility andsecurity functions are also strongly linked to the Packet
Processing that takes place in the Airborne router and IMR.

A. Topology Level
The aim of the SANDRA network architecture is to allow
for onboard end systems to communicate with other end
systems located on the ground through potentially more than
one radio link at a given time (e.g. combining higher
throughput satellite with lower latency AeroMACs). From a
topology point of view, the functional architecture can beillustrated as shown on Figure 2.
On the airborne side of the network, several functional
entities are represented, like the passenger end systems which
will mainly use the SANDRA network architecture in order toaccess the Internet and specific ATS/AOC applications which
will communicate with ATS/AOC service providers on groundthrough the use of multiple access networks technologies (e.g.,
AeroMACs, Satellite Communications, etc.).
On the ground side of the network, the counterparts toseveral of the airborne side functional entities are presented. Inorder to provide efficient service, the SANDRA networkarchitecture relies on various functionalities provided on the
http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/

Finally, in order to provide interoperability with legacy end
systems which might be using protocols not natively
supported by the SANDRA system, the airborne architecture
includes a transition gateway. This gateway implements
transition mechanisms required in order to adapt legacy
protocols to the SANDRA network architecture (these include
but might not be limited to tunneling, protocol translation,higher layer proxying, etc.).

B.Airborne Level
The main focus of the SANDRA project is on the airborne
aspects of the functional architecture. However, some of thefunctions to be supported by the system may require thepresence of a ground located counterpart. In this case, thestudy of these ground elements will be performed forcompleteness purposes.
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SSC Newsletter
Figure 3 presents a high level overview of the functionalarchitecture focusing on the airborne level. In order tosimplify the description, the presentation is made following alayered architecture (similar to the OSI model) to which

Figure 3. High level overview of the Airborne Functional Architectureradios implement the correct interface or it can be connectedto the IMR.

several cross-layer extensions are provided following theprinciples described in [5].

The IMR implements the data links and physical layers of the
protocol stack and also provides an abstraction layer between
the radios and the network layer packet processing. The
Adaptation Manager block in the user plane at the Data Link
and Physical layers acts as this abstraction layer. The
Adaptation Manager is responsible for interfacing the multiple
radios to the network layer in a common and standard way
even if these radios do not provide similar interfaces to beconnected to the network layer.

A clear separation between the user (data) and control planes
has been performed as presented on Figure 3. The user (data)
plane includes all the functional blocks that are directly relatedwith the transport of data while the control plane assures thecontrol of this transport as well as the management of the
SANDRA system. At the topmost layer of the architecture,
theApplications, both legacy and non-legacy applications areto be supported by the SANDRA system. For legacy
applications, three possibilities exist:

In parallel to the data plane (in which user data is processed),
the functional network architecture presented on Figure 3
includes a cross-layer control and management plane. The
SANDRA system requires a close integration of the network,
data link and physical layers in order to support complex
networking scenarios such as seamless mobility, handover,
QoS management and security. In order to perform this,several functional entities coordinating the interactions
between the functions implemented at the various layers of thestack have been identified. These functionalities range fromthe overall management of the SANDRA system elements(based on the FCAPS model [6],[7]) to the control andmanagement of connection in terms of QoS and Link
Selection. Additionally, security and mobility related
functional entities are also present.

1. These applications can use the legacy protocol stackand legacy radio, which corresponds to them operating
as they would without the SANDRA system.
2. These applications can use transition mechanisms inorder for the traffic they generate to be transported using
the SANDRA system
3. Or, these applications can be adapted in order for themto directly interface with a middleware such as the
dialogue service or SWIM through the use of a SWIM
adapter.
Non-legacy applications are considered to be using one of the
supported middleware layers or to directly use any of thetransport layer protocols supported by the architecture.
At the network layer, several functionalities such as packet
processing and QoS scheduling are implemented in addition tofunctionalities related to network mobility and security. The
network layer can either directly make use of radios if these
http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/

III.Conclusions
In this perspective paper, the demands on an integrated
aircraft communications system were laid out. Within the EU
Project SANDRA a concept for a functional architecture is-9-Vol. 20, No. 2, Dec. 2010

SSC Newsletter
developed which satisfies these requirements. The architecture
was presented from a topology level and then there was afocus on the airborne architecture which is the core of the
SANDRA network functional architecture. During the project
life-span an overall network architecture will be defined which
also includes all functional interfaces between the IR and the
IMR.

IV. Acknowledgement
The research leading to these results has been partially fundedby the European Community's Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement n°
233679. The SANDRA project is a Large Scale Integrating
Project for the FP7 Topic AAT.2008.4.4.2 (Integrated
approach to network centric aircraft communications for
global aircraft operations). The project has 31 partners andstarted on 1st October 2009.

References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]

EUROCONTROL, “EUROCONTROL's Challenges of Growth 2008
study report”, 2008
SANDRA - www.sandra.aero
SANDRA – FP7 233679, “D3.2.1 Consolidated SANDRA network andinteroperability Architecture”, July 2010
SWIM - www.swim-suit.aero
V. Srivastava and M. Motani, “Cross-layer design: a survey and the roadahead”, Communications Magazine, IEEE, 43(12):112–119, 2005
ITU-T Recommendation M.3010, “Principles for a Telecommunication
management network”, 1996.
ITU-T Recommendation M.3400, “TMN management functions”, 2000.

http://www.comsoc.org/~ssc/-10-Vol. 18, No. 2, November 2008