平成 23 年度

前期

外国語 Ａ（英 語）
10:00～10:50

解答上の注意１．試験開始の合図があるまでこの問題冊子を開いてはならない。
２．英語の問題紙は表紙を含めて 8 ページある。
３．解答用紙は「外国語 A（英語）解答用紙」1 枚である。
４．解答用紙は必ず提出すること。(問題紙は持ち帰ってよい)
５．受験番号は、監督員の指示に従い、解答用紙の指定された個所に必ず記入すること。
６．解答はすべて解答用紙の指定された欄に記入すること。
７．必要以外のことを解答用紙に書いてはならない。
８．問題紙の余白は下書きに使用してもさしつかえない。

Part 1. Vocabulary
Directions: Questions (1)-(20) are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence (or set ofsentences) you will see 4 words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one wordor phrase that best completes the sentence(s). Then, write in the letter of the answer you havechosen on the answer sheet.

(1) A () account of the war has been difficult to obtain because of all the militarypropaganda.
(A) believing(B) convinced(C) credible(D) credulous(2) A truck ran out of ((A) command(C) instruction) on the icy road and collided with a bus full of passengers.
(B) control(D) regulation(3) After she lost her job, she began to run into () because she had made no savings.
(A) accumulation(B) balance(C) debt(D) fortune(4) Hold your (), or you will be sorry.
(A) language(C) tongue(5) I suggest that we ((A) check in(C) put off(B) mouth(D) words) his proposal at the next meeting.
(B) look to(D) take up(6) If we really try, we can reduce the emission of carbon dioxide by ((A) at most(B) generally(C) most(D) up to(7) Indonesia quickly sealed the ((A) border(C) deal(8) Laughter is humans' most ((A) didactic(C) independent(9) Motivation is the ((A) heart(C) key) 40 percent by 2030.

) between East and West Timor after the civic unrest.
(B) circle(D) negotiation) emotional expression.
(B) distinctive(D) specific) to successful dieting.
(B) importance(D) reason(10) My husband () a diagnosis of metastasized lung cancer.
(A) extricated(B) received(C) reserved(D) took2

(11) When we came back to Botswana in 1985, the government ((A) fell(B) knew(C) put(D) threw) us out of the country.

(12) Our research lab needed a special piece of ().
(A) efficiency(B) equator(C) equilibrium(D) equipment(13) She is () to give her presentation at the summer seminar.
(A) attended(B) caused(D) intended(C) expected(14) She walks to her office at precisely 8:30 every morning, as ((A) continuous(B) perpetual(C) regular(D) ruthless) as clockwork.

(15) The banking sector may soon need a government () due to the financial crisis.
(A) subsidy(B) subsistence(C) substance(D) substitute(16) The environmental groups are highly () of the government's claims because it has been
trying to conceal accurate data concerning air pollution.
(A) confident(B) pessimistic(C) regretful(D) skeptical(17) We don't normally employ people over 50, but we might be able to (one time.
(A) apply(B) bend(C) follow(D) set(18) We set ((A) of(C) up) the rules just this) a temporary campsite along the river.
(B) on(D) with(19) When () gender issues, you must make sure to be politically correct.
(A) addressing(B) providing(C) speaking(D) subjecting(20) One of every eleven American women ((A) develops(C) makes) breast cancer during her lifetime.
(B) holds(D) receives

3Part 2. Structure
Directions: Questions (21)-(40) are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence (or set ofsentences) you will see 4 words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C), and (D). Choose the one wordor phrase that best completes the sentence(s). Then, write in the letter of the answer you havechosen on the answer sheet.

(21) () a new academic discipline called behavioral economics, all financial decisions areinfluenced by seemingly irrational tendencies.
(A) According to(B) Although(C) Because of(D) With
(22) () the present rate of population growth, I am afraid that we must introduce a radicalpension reform.
(A) Getting(B) Given(C) Giving(D) Got(23) David shares all the household responsibilities with his wife. They make it a rule, for example,
to take turns doing ().
(A) a dish(B) dishes(C) the dish(D) the dishes(24) Every marine who survives basic training claims later (toughest in the whole U.S. Marine Corps.
(A) although(B) if(C) that(D) while) his drill instructor was the(25) He became a hero to millions because he () a straight talker.
(A) seemed to(B) seemed to be(C) seems to(D) seems to be(26) He used to () more than five packs of cigarettes a day, but recently he has completelyquit.
(A) be smoking(B) have smoked(C) smoke(D) smoking(27) I found your report very ((A) impress(C) impressionable). Why don't we talk about it more?
(B) impressed(D) impressive(28) I read two books last weekend, ().
(A) both I can recommend to you(B) both of that I can recommend to you(C) both of which I can recommend to you(D) I can recommend both to you(29) I think that he is ((A) more wise) than clever.
(B) rather wise4(C) wise(30) It's a pity that she got her bicycle ((A) stealing(C) to be stolen(D) wiser) immediately after she moved to Sapporo.
(B) stolen(D) to steal(31) Knowing that her husband had betrayed her, she demanded that he ((A) tell(B) tells(C) to tell(D) told) her the whole truth.

(32) Most people need seven to nine hours of shut-eye a night, but many of us get ((A) enough(B) less(C) lesser(D) small(33) My mother and father were about ((A) celebrate(C) celebrating for).

) their 50th anniversary.
(B) celebrating(D) to celebrate(34) Only when we arrived at the destination and looked back on the journey (horrible hardships we had suffered.
(A) did we realize(B) had we realized(C) we had realized(D) we realized) how many(35) Remembering my birthday, ().
(A) flowers were sent to me by my uncle(B) I received flowers from my uncle(C) I was sent flowers by my uncle(D) my uncle sent me flowers(36) The bomb caused serious damage to the building and there were more than 50 ((A) casual(B) casuals(C) casualties(D) casualty).

(37) The latest book written by Haruki Murakami () well.
(A) sold(B) was being sold(C) was sold(D) was to sold(38) Thirty years ago, () Japanese people had a sense that they belonged to the middle class,but since then the social gap has been widening.
(A) almost(B) almost of(C) most(D) most of(39) We talked about two plans, but unfortunately () seemed practicable.
(A) any(B) either(C) neither(D) none(40) Why didn't you come and see me yesterday? You () me at any time.
(A) can see(B) could have seen(C) could see(D) were able to see5

Part 3. Reading Comprehension
Directions: Read the following passage and choose the one best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), toeach question. Then, write in the letter of the answer you have chosen on the answer sheet.

Imagine you’re doing a Google search for information about the creation of the universe. You typein the word ‘universe’. Instead of 95,900,000 hits, you’re directed to just one source of information.
This source is a holy book, and it explains everything you need to know about the universe in a few
paragraphs. Surely that’s wrong, you think. So you try some other searches―‘Homo sapiens’,‘Tyrannosaurus rex’, ‘democracy’, ‘compassion’. Again and again, you get the same result, thesame source. The search engine must be broken. It seems incredible that just one book could havethe answer to every possible question, especially when it was written before the invention of themicroscope and the telescope.
After a while, you might feel amused, or bored, or frustrated. But let’s consider another hypotheticalsituation. Suppose, for 18 years, you didn’t know that any other sources of information existed.
Your parents and elders told you every week, or every day, that the holy book was true. Then one
day you leave home to go to university. There you find people with beliefs very different fromyours, who challenge what you believe. You read more books that contest what you learned as achild. You conduct experiments that show the world is older than you were told. You see fossils thatprove the gradual evolution of species and extinctions, things you never considered possible. What
happens now? Do you reject your own beliefs, or affirm them more strongly? After all, why would
your parents and family, your teachers and community leaders, have lied to you?
Luckily, thanks to the expansion of the mass media all over the world, we have more access to
information than ever before. It is relatively cheap and almost instantly available. But why, when
faced with a wealth of scientific information supported by evidence, do some people still believe inreligious explanations for the creation of the universe?
The answer may lie in our childhood. When we are children, we have questions about everything.
‘What’s this called?’ ‘Who made it?’ ‘Why?’ When your parents reach the limit of their knowledge,
they may become frustrated or irritated. They may say, ‘That’s just the way it is’, or ‘God is
responsible’, and that you should accept the explanation. Some evolutionary biologists believe thatchildren may be genetically predisposed to believe everything their parents say, just as parents aregenetically predisposed to instruct and protect their children. This relationship is necessary for thechild’s survival: if your mother tells you not to touch a poisonous snake, for example, it is essentialthat you accept what she says; if you don’t, you may die.
Because humans are programmed to accept their parents’ teaching, religious explanations of theuniverse―which parents really believe, or which they feel give their children protection,
understanding, or reassurance―have been passed on intact through centuries. When we learn more
about the world as adults, we feel that rejecting inherited information is a betrayal of our parents,
regardless of whatever new information we discover about the physical and metaphysical worlds.
In this way, humans are fundamentally social creatures who fear displeasing authority figures. To
6survive, humans need to obey and be part of a group, not because they are divine beings, butbecause they are small-brained mammals, frightened of the dark, of nature, and most significantly,
frightened of death. We are also scared of each other, needing a shared system of belief to protect
ourselves from the threat we perceive from other groups of humans with different beliefs andbehaviour.
Every successful society needs agreed rules. But every successful society also needs flexibility andadaptability in its beliefs and practices, and individuals who challenge inherited beliefs. Throughout
history, scientists and medical researchers have faced opposition and persecution from religiousorganizations, who seek to protect their beliefs about the world, even though such beliefs may
inhibit the development of the human species. Different religious authorities argue today that
contraception, stem cell research, and organ transplants are against the will of god and thesacredness of human life, even though these things save lives and improve the quality of human life.
So while obeying the religious beliefs of parents and elders may have been historically necessary,challenging existing information is also essential for the improvements in medical care, scientificknowledge and standards of living that have made humans one of the most successful species onEarth. In a time of global religious intolerance, terrorism and murder, only by questioning what weall believe can we hope to reach a greater and more peaceful understanding of each other.
注contraception: 避妊

stem cell: 幹細胞

transplant: 移植(41) What is the problem with the imagined internet searches in the first paragraph?
(A) there is too much information(B) there are too many search terms(C) there are not enough information sources(D) there is too much technology(42) What do the verbs ‘contest’ and ‘conduct’ mean in the second paragraph?
(A) compete and perform(B) compete and connect(C) challenge and perform(D) challenge and organise(43) Why do parents give their children religious explanations for the universe?
(A) to make them afraid(B) to challenge their beliefs(C) to protect them(D) to show their superior intelligence(44) Why do children believe what their parents tell them?
(A) because of a natural tendency(B) in order to please their parents(C) because of a lack of intelligence(D) because of frustration
7

(45) Why does the author think we should challenge religious beliefs?
(A) because they are inaccurate(B) because they are harmful for children(C) because they don’t save any lives(D) because they can prevent new discoveries

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受験番号

平成23年度前期 外国語Ａ（英語）正解例
Ｐart １
Ｖｏｃａｂｕｌａｒｙ
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)
(18)
(19)
(20)

Ｐart ２
Ｓtructure

C
B
C
C
D
DA
B
C
B
D
D
C
C
A
D
B
C
A
A

(21)
(22)
(23)
(24)
(25)
(26)
(27)
(28)
(29)
(30)
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(35)
(36)
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点

Ｐart ３
Ｒeading Ｃomprehension

A
B
DC
B
C
DC
A
B
A
B
DA
DC
A
CC
B

C
CCA
D

(41)
(42)
(43)
(44)
(45)

点

点

合計点