ᮏ᪥䛾ヰ㢟
1. Ẽೃ༴ᶵẼೃ༴ᶵ䛻䛚䛡䜛䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ᚲせᛶ䛸ᨻ⟇ⓗㄢ㢟

2䠊పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ᚲせᛶ
1.5Ԩ┠ᶆ䛾ᐇ⌧䚸⤒῭ᡂ㛗䛸䛾୧❧䚸⏘ᴗ㒊㛛䛷䛾䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁
3䠊పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾⌧≧4䠊పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ಁ㐍䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䠛
2䛴䛾ᕷሙ䛾ኻᩋ䛸䛭䛾ゎỴ⟇㣤⏣೺ᚿ䠄⚟஭኱Ꮫᅜ㝿ᆅᇦᏛ㒊)➨㻥ᅇ 㻹㻮㼀㻭ㅮᗙ

5. ᨻ⟇ⓗㄢ㢟㏵ୖᅜ䜈䛾ᢏ⾡⛣㌿䚸⣲ᮦ⏘ᴗ䛸୰ᑠ௻ᴗ䛾䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁㻞㻜㻞㻠䠊㻥㻚㻟

2. పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ᚲせᛶ

1. Ẽೃ༴ᶵ
ே㢮䛿ᆅ⊹䛾㛛䜢㛤䛡䛶䛧䜎䛳䛯 㻔䜾䝔䞊䝺䝇ᅜ㐃஦ົ⥲㛗㻘㻞㻜㻞㻟㻚㻜㻥㻚㻞㻜㻕௒ୡ⣖ᮎ䛻㻞㻚㻥䉝ୖ᪼ 㻔ᅜ㐃⎔ቃィ⏬㻞㻜㻞㻟㻕# 䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䠖⤒῭ⓗ౯್䜢⏕䜏ฟ䛩᪂䛧䛔䝰䝜䝂䝖㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻔ΎỈὒ㻔㻞㻜㻞㻞㻕䛄䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛅᭷ᩫ㛶䚸㻼㻟㻕2020ᖺᮎ䜎䛷䛻ᐇ᪋䛥䜜䛯ᨻ⟇䛻ἢ䛳䛯᤼ฟ䝅䝘䝸䜸⊛ᬬ䜢㑊䛡䜘䛖䛸㐠Ἑ䛷Ỉᾎ䜃䜢䛩䜛䝟䜻䝇䝍䞁䛾ே䚻㻔䝘䝅䝵䝘䝹䝆䜸䜾䝷䝣䜱䝑䜽㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻣㻚㻢㻚㻞㻞㻕䚹㏵ୖᅜ䛿Ẽೃኚື䛻ᑐ䛧䛶⬤ᙅ䠄㐺ᛂ⟇䛾Ḟዴ䜔㎰ᴗ౫Ꮡ䠅す᪥ᮏ㇦㞵㻞㻜㻝㻤㻚㻌ᑠ⏣ᕝ䛾Ỵቯ䛷Ỉ䛻そ䜟䜜䛯┿ഛ⏫
ᆅ༊㻔ẖ᪥᪂⪺䚸ຍྂಙᚿ᧜ᙳ㻕㻯㻻㻼㻞㻢㻔㻞㻜㻞㻜㻕㻌䛾๓䛻Ⓨ⾲䛥䜜䛯ᅜ䛾Ỵᐃ䛩䜛㈉⊩㻔㻺㻰㻯㻕䛾ᐇ᪋䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛯 㻞㻜㻟㻜㻌ᖺ䜎䛷䛾᤼ฟ䝅䝘䝸䜸ᬮ໬䜢2Ԩ(>67%)䛻ᢚไ䛩䜛᤼ฟ䝅䝘䝸䜸ᬮ໬䜢1.5Ԩ(>50%)䛻ᢚไ䛩䜛᤼ฟ䝅䝘䝸䜸ඛ㐍ᅜ䜒⏒኱䛺⿕ᐖ䜢ཷ䛡䜛
IPCC (2023) SYNTHESIS REPORT OF THE IPCC SIXTH ASSESSMENT REPORT (AR6) Longer Report, Figure 2.5䜘䜚2019ᖺ䝺䝧䝹䛾᤼ฟ䜢⥆䛡䜛䛸2030ᖺ㡭䛻౑䛔ษ䛳䛶䛧䜎䛖䚹

2400GtCO2500
900
1150

2050ᖺ䜹䞊䝪䞁䝙䝳䞊䝖䝷䝹䛻ྥ䛛䛖䜎䛷䛾㐣⛬䜒㔜せ(▷ᮇ䛷䛾๐ῶ)ᐊຠᯝ࢞ࢫ᤼ฟ㔞ᅗ) 䜹䞊䝪䞁䝞䝆䜵䝑䝖䛸CO2᤼ฟ㔞ࢠ࢞ࢺࣥࠊ&2᥮⟬పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡿᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ๐ῶ࣏ࢸࣥࢩࣕࣝ

2-1. ▷ᮇ䛷䛾๐ῶ䛻ྥ䛡䛶

65-12.2-5.4-0.3-5.3-4.7-1.9-0.1

㻠䛴䛾୺せ㒊㛛䛾ᐇド῭䜏ᢏ⾡䛷䚸⣙㻞㻠㻳㼠䛾๐ῶ᪂ࡋ࠸పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡ᐊຠᯝ࢞ࢫ᤼ฟ㔞ࡢ᥎⛣ ⏘ᴗ㒊㛛࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿ᤼ฟ

ᐊຠᯝ࢞ࢫࡢቑῶせᅉ⇞ᩱ䛾⇞↝㻌㻔┤᥋㻣㻚㻝㻳㼠㻘㻌㛫᥋㻡㻚㻥㻳㼠㻕⏘ᴗ䝥䝻䝉䝇㻌㻔㻠㻚㻡㻳㼠㻕䚸〇ရ䛾௙ᵝ㻌㻔㻜㻚㻞㻳㼠㻕䛸ᗫᲠ≀㻌㻔㻞㻚㻟㻳㼠㻕⤒῭άືள㓟໬❅⣲䝣䝑⣲⣔䜺䝇㼁㻺㻱㻼㻌㻔㻞㻜㻞㻟㻕㻌㻱㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㻳㼍㼜㻌㻾㼑㼜㼛㼞㼠㻌㻞㻜㻞㻟㻚䛾㻌㻲㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌㻱㻿㻚㻝㻌䜘䜚Υ┠ᶆ
*W2-3⏘ᴗ㒊㛛࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢ㔜せᛶ2-2. ⤒῭ᡂ㛗䛸䛾୧❧䛻ྥ䛡䛶

䝯䝍䞁

27.1

Υ┠ᶆ
*W㼃㼛㼞㼘㼐㻌㻮㼍㼚㼗㻌㻔㻞㻜㻞㻜㻕 㼀㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼀㼞㼍㼚㼟㼒㼑㼞 㼍㼚㼐㻌㻵㼚㼚㼛㼢㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻸㼛㼣㻙㻯㼍㼞㼎㼛㼚㻌㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌䛾㻲㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌㻡㻚㻝䜘䜚

IPCC (2023) SYNTHESIS REPORT OF THE IPCC SIXTH ASSESSMENT REPORT (AR6) Longer Report, Figure 3.5䜘䜚

஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲-0.4-3.7

ᐇド῭䜏పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡ᅗ -3.0┤᥋᤼ฟ㻔㻝㻠㻚㻝㻳㼠㻕䛷ぢ䛶䜒㻞␒┠䛻ከ䛔㒊㛛ู ᐊຠᯝ䜺䝇᤼ฟ㔞䛾๭ྜ (2020, 㛫᥋᤼ฟ㔞)ࠕ㕲㗰ࠊࢭ࣓ࣥࢺࠖࡣ⬺Ⅳ⣲ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸э௒ᚋࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿศ㔝ᅵᆅ฼⏝ኚ໬ཬ䜃ᯘᴗ7

5KRGLXP*URXS+3

KWWSVUKJFRPUHVHDUFKJOREDOJUHHQKRXVHJDVHPLVVLRQV ࡼࡾ8㒔ᕷ໬䛾㐍ᒎ䛻䜘䜛㕲㗰䜔䝉䝯䞁䝖㟂せ䛾ቑຍᮾ䜰䝆䜰໭䜰䝯䝸䜹䝶䞊䝻䝑䝟୰ᮾ䜸䞊䝇䝖䝷䝸䜰䚸᪥ᮏ䚸䝙䝳䞊䝆䞊䝷䞁䝗ᮾ༡䜰䝆䜰䝴䞊䝷䝅䜰䜰䝣䝸䜹༡䜰䝆䜰䝷䝔䞁䜰䝯䝸䜹ୡ⏺㻝㻜ᆅᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛⏘ᴗ㒊㛛䛾㻳㻴㻳᤼ฟ㔞䛾ቑຍ䠄㻞㻜㻝㻜㻙㻞㻜㻝㻥㻘㻌┤᥋᤼ฟ䛾䜏䠅㻵㻼㻯㻯㻌㻔㻞㻜㻞㻞㻕㻌㻯㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌㻯㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㻞㻜㻞㻞㻌㻹㼕㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌㻯㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㻾㼑㼜㼛㼞㼠㻘㻌㻲㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌㻝㻝㻚㻡䜘䜚3-1. పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾⌧≧䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿೵⁫ഴྥ≉チᩘ䛿䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊౯᱁䛾ഴྥ䛸୍⮴

3.ࠕΥ┠ᶆࠖᐇ⌧ࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥⅣ⣲㞟⣙ᗘࡢᨵၿ &2᤼ฟ㔞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౑⏝㔞౛ ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡ࡢᨵၿ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౑⏝㔞ᅜෆ⥲⏕⏘*'3౛ /('↷᫂࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝຠ⋡ࡢᨵၿ ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢫࢺࢵࢡ 06 *'3ᮦᩱ06౛ 〇ရࡢ㛗ᑑ࿨໬ཎᩱࡢ⬺Ⅳ⣲໬ࡸⅣ⣲ࡢᅇ཰㈓␃ &2᤼ฟ㔞ᮦᩱ౛ Ỉ⣲㑏ඖ〇㕲ࠊ&DUERQ&DSWXUHDQG6WRUDJH &&6࡝ࡢᡓ␎ࡶࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀᚲせ࣭᪂ࡋ࠸పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡ /&7 ࢆ฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࣭᪤Ꮡࡢ/&7ࡢࢥࢫࢺࢆ๐ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜4. 䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䛾䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ಁ㐍䛩䜛䛛䠛పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡ࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡣࠊ୺࡟ࡘࡢᕷሙࡢኻᩋࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿձ ⎔ቃእ㒊ᛶղ ▱㆑ࡢබඹ㈈ⓗᛶ㉁X ᕷሙࡢኻᩋࡣࠊపⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡࡬ࡢ㐣ᑡᢞ㈨ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ
X ᨻ⟇ⓗ௓ධࡢᚲせᛶ

ᅗ. ୡ⏺䛾పⅣ⣲䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊≉チ(ฟ㢪ᩘ)䛾᥎⛣(2015-2019)
Popp et al (2024) The Next Wave of Energy Innovation: Which Technologies? Which Skills? Review of Environmental Economics and Policy .䜘䜚

4-1. ⎔ቃእ㒊ᛶ䛾ゎỴ⟇ 㻔እ㒊ᛶ䛾ෆ㒊໬㻕䐟㻌䛺䛬Ẽೃኚືၥ㢟䛿㉳䛝䜛䛾䛛䠛እ㒊ᛶ ⎔ቃእ㒊ᛶ 㸸ᕷሙࢆ⤒⏤ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ௚⪅࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ⌧㇟࣐࢖ࢼࢫ㸸እ㒊୙⤒῭ࠊࣉࣛࢫ㸸እ㒊⤒῭࣮࢝࣎ࣥࣉࣛ࢖ࢩࣥࢢ㸸஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࡢ᤼ฟ࡟౯᱁௜ࡅࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺㟁ຊᕷሙ㟁ຊᕷሙ⏕⏘⪅⎔ቃ䜢䝍䝎䛸䛧䛶ᢅ䛳䛶䛧䜎䛖⤒῭䛾䛧䛟䜏䛜ၥ㢟౯᱁Ẽೃኚືၥ㢟ᾘ㈝⪅ᑗ᮶ୡ௦♫఍ⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ⪃៖ࡏࡎ࡟⾜ື 㐣ᑡᢞ㈨Ẽೃኚືၥ㢟ᾘ㈝⪅ᑗ᮶ୡ௦♫఍ⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ⾜ື ᭱㐺ᢞ㈨䝫䞊䝍䞊௬ㄝ (Porter and van de Linde, 1995)
㐺ษ䛻タィ䛥䜜䛯⎔ቃつไ䛿䚸䛭䜜䛻ᑐᛂ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾䝁䝇䝖䛾୍㒊䛒䜛䛔䛿඲㢠௨ୖ䜢┦ẅ䛩䜛䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ㄏⓎ䛩䜛ᨻ⟇ⓗほⅬ䛛䜙㔜せ䛺ၥ㢟౯᱁13ཝ䛧䛔⎔ቃつไ䛿௻ᴗ䛾⤒῭䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䜢ᝏ໬䛥䛫䜛䛛䠛⎔ቃつไ䛻䜘䛳䛶䛭䛾௚䛾཰┈ᛶ䛾㧗䛔ᢞ㈨䛜ᅽ㏕䛥䜜䜛⏕⏘⪅䜹䞊䝪䞁䝥䝷䜲䝅䞁䜾Ⅳ⣲⛯᤼ฟ㔞ྲྀᘬ

14䝫䞊䝍䞊௬ㄝ䛿ᡂ❧䛩䜛䛛䠛ཝ䛧䛔⎔ቃつไ䐟పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䛾䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䐠⤒῭䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䛾ྥୖᅗ䠖㻰㼑㼏㼔㼑㼦㼘㼑㼜㼞㼑㼠㼞㼑㻔㻞㻜㻞㻞䠅䜘䜚䐟䜢ᨭᣢ䛩䜛ㄽᩥ䛿ከ䛔 㻔㻼㼛㼜㼜㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻥㻕䐠䛿᮲௳௜䛝䛷ᨭᣢ䛥䜜䜛
䞉㈨※ຠ⋡䛾ྥୖ䛻㛵㐃䛩䜛ᢏ⾡ 㻔㻾㼑㼤㼔㼍㼡㼟㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻾㼍㼙㼙㼑㼞㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻠㻘㻌㼢㼍㼚㻌㻸㼑㼑㼡㼣㼑㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻹㼛㼔㼑㼚㼑㻘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕䞉䜸䝣䝅䝵䜰䝸䞁䜾䛾ಁ㐍 㻔㻵㼕㼐㼍㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻹㼡㼗㼔㼑㼞㼖㼑㻘㻌㼙㼕㼙㼑㼛㻕㻌䞉⤒῭䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䛻䛿ᙳ㡪䜢୚䛘䛺䛔 㻔㻰㼑㼏㼔㼑㼦㼘㼑㼜㼞㼑㼠㼑㼞㼑㻘 㻞㻜㻞㻞㻕㻏㻌ྛᩥ⊩䛿᭱ᚋ䛾䝇䝷䜲䝗䜢ཧ↷

4-2. ▱ⓗ㈈⏘ᶒ䛾ಖㆤ 㻔ᕷሙ䛾ኻᩋ㻞䛾ゎỴ⟇㻕䐠㻌▱㆑䛾බඹ㈈ⓗᛶ㉁ 㻔ᕷሙ䛾ኻᩋ㻞㻕≉チไᗘ㸸ࠕⓎ᫂ࡢಖㆤࠖ࡜ࠕⓎ᫂ࡢ฼⏝ࠖࢆࡣ࠿ࡿࡶࡢࠕᢏ⾡ࠖ эᩥ❶ࡸᅗ㠃࡞࡝࡛グ㘓ྍ⬟ эࠕ▱㆑ࠖэᢏ⾡ࡢ⊂༨ⓗ฼⏝ࢆ☜ಖࡋࠊᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࡢ࢖ࣥࢭࣥࢸ࢕ࣈࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ㠀᤼㝖ᛶ㸸ᑐ౯ࢆᨭᡶࢃ࡞࠸ேࢆ᤼㝖ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㠀➇ྜᛶ㸸࠶ࡿேࡀ౑⏝ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ௚ேࡢ౑⏝ࡀῶࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ᢏ⾡⛣㌿࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ᶍೌࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡸ▱㆑ࢆᗈࡵࡿືᶵࡢḞዴձᕷሙᣑ኱ຠᯝ㈠᫆ࡸ┤᥋ᢞ㈨➼ࢆ㏻ࡌࡓᢏ⾡⛣㌿ࢆಁ㐍э▱㆑ࡣ♫఍ⓗ࡟ᮃࡲࡋ࠸Ỉ‽ࡼࡾࡶ㐣ᑡ࡟ࡋ࠿౪⤥ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ղᕷሙᨭ㓄ຊຠᯝ⊂༨ᶒࡢ௜୚ࡣࠊᢏ⾡࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࢆไ㝈
1718▱ⓗ㈈⏘ᶒ䛾ಖㆤ䛿పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䛾⛣㌿䜢ಁ㐍䛩䜛䛛䠛

4-3. ඹྠ◊✲㛤Ⓨ 㻔ᕷሙ䛾ኻᩋ㻞䛾ゎỴ⟇㻕▱ⓗ㈈⏘䛻ゝཬ䛧䛯㻝㻥㻥㻞ᖺ䛾ᆅ⌫䝃䝭䝑䝖௨㝆䚸኱䛝䛺ㄽⅬ㏵ୖᅜ䛾୺ᙇᢏ⾡⛣㌿䛾㞀ቨᢏ⾡䜈䛾䜰䜽䝉䝇ᅔ㞴◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛾ඹྠ໬㻔㠀᤼㝖ᛶ䛾ෆ㒊໬㻕ඛ㐍ᅜ䛾୺ᙇVS▱㆑䛾ඹ᭷㻔㠀➇ྜᛶ䛾ෆ㒊໬㻕࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡸᢏ⾡⛣㌿ࡢ࢖ࣥࢭࣥࢸ࢕ࣈⓎ⏕➇தⓗ◊✲㛤Ⓨ vs ඹྠ◊✲㛤Ⓨ▱㆑䛾ὤ䜜(䝇䝢䝹䜸䞊䝞䞊)䛜኱䛝䛔䛸䛝䛿ඹྠ◊✲㛤Ⓨ⎔ቃᢏ⾡䜢බ᭷䛻䋻୍⯡ⓗ䛻䛿పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䜔ᅜ㝿ⓗ䛺ඹྠ◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛻䛚䛔䛶䜒ᙜ䛶䛿䜎䜛㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻔㻼㼛㼥㼍㼓㼛㻙㼀㼔㼑㼛㼠㼛㼗㼥㻘㻌㻞㻜㻜㻣㻚㻘㻌㼕㼕㼐㼍㻘㻌㻞㻜㻞㻝㻕▱ⓗ㈈⏘ᶒࡢಖㆤࡣపⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡ࡢ⛣㌿ࢆጉࡆ࡞࠸
(Dechezleprêtre et al., 2013; Dussaux et al., 2021; World Bank, 2020)19

5. ᨻ⟇ⓗㄢ㢟䠖పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䛾ᬑཬ䛸⤒῭ⓗ౯್๰ฟ5-1. 䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻䛧䛶㏵ୖᅜ䜈䛾పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䛾⛣㌿䜢ಁ㐍䛩䜛䛛

పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡≉チࡢᅜูෆヂ పⅣ⣲ᢏ⾡䛻ᑐ䛩䜛㛵⛯䜔㠀㛵⛯㞀ቨ䛾๐ῶ䜰䝯䝸䜹㡑ᅜ㛵⛯㞀ቨ䜔┤᥋ᢞ㈨䛾ไ㝈䛿䚸ᢏ⾡⛣㌿(㈠᫆䜔┤᥋)䜢㜼ᐖ䛩䜛᪥ᮏ

(Dechezleprêtre et al.2013; World Bank,2020; Dussaux et al ,2021)

䝗䜲䝒䝣䝷䞁䝇ᢏ⾡⛣㌿䜢䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䛴䛺䛢䜛䛯䜑䛾㏵ୖᅜᨭ᥼୰ᅜேⓗ㈨ᮏ䜔≀ⓗ㈨ᮏ(㟁ຊ⥙䛺䛹) (World Bank, 2020)᪥⤒᪂⪺㻞㻜㻞㻠㻜㻤㻝㻝㻚ᮾ䝺䜔᪥ᮾ㟁ᕤ㻘㻌㻯㻻㻞ᅇ཰䝁䝇䝖༙ῶ䚸᤼䜺䝇ฎ⌮⭷⏕⏘㻚䜘䜚㻵㻹㻲㻌㻔㻞㻜㻞㻟㻕 㻳㼞㼑㼑㼚㻌㻵㼚㼚㼛㼢㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻰㼕㼒㼒㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㻼㼛㼘㼕㼏㼕㼑㼟㻌㼠㼛㻌㻭㼏㼏㼑㼘㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼀㼔㼑㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻱㼤㼜㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐 㻵㼙㼜㼍㼏㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㻹㼍㼏㼞㼛㼑㼏㼛㼚㼛㼙㼕㼏㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻲㼕㼞㼙㻙㻸㼑㼢㼑㼘㻌㻼㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼚㼏㼑㻚㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㻹㼛㼚㼑㼠㼍㼞㼥㻌㻲㼡㼚㼐㻘㻌㼃㼍㼟㼔㼕㼚㼓㼠㼛㼚㻘㻌㻰㻯㻚 㻼㻚㻌㻣㻚㻌㻲㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌㻝㻚㻌䜘䜚5-2. 䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻䛧䛶⣲ᮦ⏘ᴗ䛷䛾䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ಁ㐍䛩䜛䛛
(Best Available Technology)䞉䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ຠ⋡䛾ᨵၿ䛿ῶ㏿䞉⏕⏘䝥䝻䝉䝇䛾ኚ᭦䜔㻯㻯㻿䛷䛾ᑐᛂ䜒ᚲせ㻔㠀䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊㉳※㻯㻻㻞䛾๐ῶ㻕
䞉Ⅳ⣲䝸䞊䜿䞊䝆䜈䛾ᑐᛂ䞉ᅜ㝿ⓗ䛺༠ຊ㻔ᾏእᕷሙ㻕䠄౛㻦㻌ᮾ䝺㽢䝅䞊䝯䞁䝇䠅ᮦᩱ䛾䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ຠ⋡(1䝖䞁ᙜ䛯䜚䛾䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ᾘ㈝㔞)㻵㻼㻯㻯㻌㻔㻞㻜㻞㻞㻕㻌㻯㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌㻯㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㻞㻜㻞㻞㻌㻹㼕㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌㻯㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㻾㼑㼜㼛㼞㼠㻘㻌㻲㼕㼓㼡㼞㼑㻌㻝㻝㻚㻤䜘䜚֜ ᢏ⾡⛣㌿䛛䜙䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁༠ຊ䜈 (Pandey et al. , 2020)22# ྛᩥ⊩䛿᭱ᚋ䛾䝇䝷䜲䝗䜢ཧ↷5-3. 䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻䛧䛶୰ᑠ௻ᴗ䛾䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ಁ䛩䛛⾲㻕㻌௒ᚋ᭱䜒ὀຊ䛧䛯䛔ศ㔝䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜐ୖ䛷䛾ㄢ㢟㻔ၟᕤ୰㔠㻚୰ᑠ௻ᴗ䛾㻱㻿㻳䜈䛾ྲྀ⤌≧ἣ䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄪᰝ㻔㻞㻜㻞㻞㻚㻣䠅䜘䜚㻕⏘ᴗඹ⏕㻦㻌␗䛺䜛⏘ᴗྠኈ䛜㐃ᦠ䛧䛶⏕⏘άື䜢䛚䛣䛺䛖㻌㻔㻵㻼㻯㻯㻘㻞㻜㻞㻞㻚㻌㻭㻾㻢㻕ᆅᇦ඲య䞉䝃䝥䝷䜲䝏䜵䞊䞁඲య䛷䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏䛜㔜せ䜎䛸䜑㻝䠊䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ᚲせᛶ(ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩) 䝫䞊䝍䞊௬ㄝ
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(ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩) ▱ⓗ㈈⏘ᶒ䛾ಖㆤ䛸ᢏ⾡⛣㌿(ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩) ඹྠ◊✲㛤Ⓨ

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