Development of IP Human Resource

Experience of Brazil
February 5th and 6th 2018

Brazil
Basic facts

Brazil is the 5th largest country in the world (larger
than the contiguous U.S. and almost 23 times thesize of Japan).
It has the 5th largest population (209 million).
The world's 7th largest economy by nominal GDP,
USD $1,42T in 2015.
Brazil has been a republic since 1889 with a legislature
called National Congress.
Democratic changes in government impact thebusiness landscape.
Brazil has the world’s 4th largest number of internet users.
Over 139 million, only behind China, India and the US.
2Brazil Legal/IP System
Basic facts

The Brazilian legal system took shape under the influence of the main European civil
codes, especially those of France, Italy and Germany.
The legal system adopted in Brazil is codified, usually referred to as Civil Law
tradition, and statutes are issued by the Federal Union (IP matters), States andMunicipalities.
Judicial precedents are not applied under the principle of stare decisis, but precedents
may exercise an important role in supporting the courts’ decisions.
Brazil has over 1,000,000 (one million) lawyers. (CFOAB)
The Brazilian Patent System started in 1809. Brazil is a founding Member of the1883 Paris Convention and became a Member of the Berne Convention in 1922.
The Patent Cooperation Treaty came into force in 1978 and Brazil signed the WTO
TRIPS Agreement in 1994 (in force since 1995). The new TRIPS compliant IP Statutewas enacted in 1996, coming into force in 1997.
Brazil adopts a broad judicial review of administrative decisions and the Governmentis by far the most frequent defendant in Brazil.
Judicial review is so common that Brazil has a special court system mainly to decidesuch cases, the Federal Courts. There are currently more than 10,000 lawsuits
pending against the INPI.
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IP Professionals
Lawyer/Judges

The lawyer profession is very popular among Brazilians.
Requirements:• Get a Graduation Degree in Law (J.D.)• Pass the National Bar Examination.
Law students must also develop complementary activities, and an internship is
highly recommended to fill that obligation.
Law firms, companies and any other organization that provides practicalactivities related to the law profession are the most recommended for thestudents.
To become a Judge, a lawyer with at least 3 years of experience in the profession
must be approved on a public contest to be appointed on the court the person inaiming to work at.

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IP Professionals
Patent Attorney / Patent Examiner

The Patent Attorney examination was prepared and supervised by the Brazilian
PTO

However, a Public Civil Action filed in 2009 (Ação Civil Pública nº 002017259.2009.403.6100) was judged in 2014 and forced the Brazilian PTO to suspend theexistence of the qualification as a Patent Attorney in Brazil.
Brazilian Industrial Property Law – Art. 217 : A person domiciled abroadmust maintain permanently a duly qualified attorney resident in thecountry,with powers to represent him administratively and judicially,including for receiving summons.
To become a patent examiner, it is necessary to be approved by a Public
Contest that is organized by the Federal Government. A Master Degree in thespecific area is minimum requirement for taking the test. All examiners areconsidered special public employees.
5Active Entities related to IP

High Level Associations are Necessary for Human Resources
Brazilian Intellectual Property Association (ABPI)

Innovation Agency of the Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro(PUC-Rio)
Sao Paulo Intellectual Property Association (ASPI)
Campinas Technology Park
Brazilian Association of Intellectual Property AgentsINOVA University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
National Association of Inventors
University of São Paulo (USP) Agency for Innovation
National Industries Confederation (CNI)
Innovation Agency of the Federal University of São Carlos(UFSCAR)
Federation of Industries of the State of Rio de Janeiro (FIRJAN) INOVA Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS)
Industries Federation of the State of Sao Paulo (FIESP)
Innovation Agency of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ)
National Association of R&D Activities of Innovative
Technology Transfer Office (TTO) of the Federal University ofEnterprises (ANPEI)
São Paulo (UNIFESP)National Service for Industrial Apprenticeship (SENAI)
Technology Innovation Agency of the São Paulo Estate
University (UNESP)
Forum of University Technology Managers (FORTEC)
Technology and Innovation Research Center of the Federal
University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)(INOVA)
Federal University of Bahia (UFBA)
Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA)
Northeast Innovation Technology Unit (NIT) Network (APPITTe)
Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ)
Technology Development Park (Padetec) of the Federal
University of Ceará (UFC)6

Universities with IP related
programs
Important for high level development
Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio)
Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS)
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Federal University of Bahia (UFBA)
Federal University of Ceará (UFC)Intellectual Property and Innovation Academy of The National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) of Brazil
Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ)

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Long Term Activities
Universities with IP related programs

The first postgraduate activity related to intellectual property of the INPI initiative
was with a technical school to CEFET-RJ, began in 2001.
Based on this experience, INPI started to establish partnerships that would allow thepreparation of studies with the aim of promoting a better understanding of IP matters.
A Cooperation Agreement with UFRJ was created, creating a Laboratory for Teachingand Research in Innovation and Management of Intellectual Property.
Regarding the development of human resources at the postgraduate level, theimplementation of the "Professional Master's Degree in Intellectual Property and Innovation"by the Brazilian PTO in 2006 was a milestone, since it was the first course promoted
and approved by the Ministry of Education. the forecast of at least 25 seats / year.
Between 20-25% of the students are Brazilian PTO Examiners.
In 2012, once again by suggestion from the Ministry of Education, the Brazilian PTO“IP Academy” submitted a proposal for a new PhD course in Intellectual Property andInnovation, which was approved and began in the second half of 2013, offering 10seats / year. 40% of the of the students are Brazilian PTO Examiners.

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Long Term Activities
Awareness Campaigns

There are very few institutionalized long term campaigns of IP awareness. The
most relevant one lasted 10 years and it is organized by the Union of theemployees from the Federal Revenue (SINDIRECEITA).

In 2017, some TV channels have created programs aiming to raise awareness inkids for IP.

9Long Term Activities
Manuals and multimedia

A cooperative project between the Brazilian PTO (INPI) and the National
Industries Confederation (CNI) from 2010 to develop a series of comprehensive
manuals tailor made to different professionals (e.g. teachers; journalists;businessman).

Also, besides the regular online courses, the use of YouTube has been quite
used.

10Short Term Activities
For basic instruction and focused education

The plurality of associations dealing with intelectual property allows for a hugevariety of seminars and short term courses to be delivered all over the country.

The development of online courses is also very importante (in Brazil, the supportof WIPO was essential).
- Considering activities done by the Brazilian PTO and WIPO, in total,
between 2005 and June 2016, 444 face-to-face and 11 distance-learning
courses were promoted, training a total of 23,146 people.
Annual events and congresses also plays a significant role. In Brazil, the Brazilian
Intellectual Property Association (ABPI) 's Annual Congress will reach its 34thedition with 1000+ attendees.

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Short Term Activities

The Necessary Support of Industry Related Players

The National Industries Confederation (CNI) has become na important and active
player in the past few years.
The Entrepreneurial Mobilization for Innovation (MEI) is a movement led by theNational Industries Confederation (CNI) that builds solutions to promote Brazil's
technological development through innovation. In 2011, the collective of businessleaders defined its strategic agenda, which highlights the importance ofintellectual property to protect knowledge and make business viable.

12Public-Private Activities
The Necessity of Cooperation

The National Council against Piracy and Intellectual Property Crimes (CNCP), a
public/private body created within the framework of the Ministry of Justice inOctober 2004.
The CNCP is composed of eleven representatives of public bodies and also
seven representatives of organized civil society, mainly from the private sector.
They are very active not only in raids and effective fight against piracy, but they
have an intelligence to use news in order to spread the idea that piracy does not
pay and will not go unpunished.
Another interesting initiative was the development of the National Award of Anti
Piracy (Prêmio Nacional de Combate à Pirataria - PNCP), that already had 5editions.

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International Exchange
Necessary both inside and outside the country

IP Attaché – US, GE, JP
Chambers of Commerce

Exchange Programs:- The Brazilian PTO IP Academy has exchange programs with foreign universities.
- The UERJ program also have exchanges with George Washington and EuropeanuniversitiesParticipation in programs offered by foreign entities (like the JPO sponsored ones)
WIPO Brazil Office (WBO) was opened in 2009 to support the implementation ofintellectual property (IP) projects and activities in Brazil.
Brazil on the route of big IP events (e.g. AIPPI Annual Congress in 2015)14

Thank you very much for your attention.
For any questions:
Roberto Carapeto＜roberto.carapeto@lickslegal.com＞