JANSI's Activities
for Self-Regulation
Topical Meeting embedded to INES-4:
International Nuclear Law Symposium (NLS)
Royal Blue Hall, Tokyo Tech Front2013 Nov. 6, 7

Akihide Kugo
Japan Nuclear Safety Institute (JANSI)～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute1Contents
Ⅰ Why was JANSI born with some roles within the Japanese
nuclear operators’ society?
Ⅱ Merits and Demerits of “regulation” and “self‐regulation”
Ⅲ History of Severe Accident Management in JapanⅣ Meaning of JANSI’s activities
Ⅴ Examples
Ⅵ Conclusion～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute2

Ⅰ. Why was JANSI born with some roles within
the Japanese nuclear operators’ society? （1/3)
The Japan Nuclear Safety Institute (JANSI) was establishedon November 15, 2012 as a “self-regulated” organization forJapanese operators themselves to enhance nuclear safety
autonomously and continuously .

～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute3

Ⅰ. Why was JANSI born with some roles within
the Japanese nuclear operators’ society? （2/3)
An international symposium was held by inviting the nuclear
organizations and personnel concerned from abroad (NRC, DOE,INPO, EPRI, IAEA, CEA, WANO) (2012.12.18).
Several hot appeals were made for JANSI at the symposium.

Mr. Magwood, NRC Commissioner,“JANSI obviously has a long road ahead tobecome a successful tutor to Japaneseutilities. But adopting many of INPO’s provenattributes would be a good place to start.”～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute4

Ⅰ. Why was JANSI born with some roles within
the Japanese nuclear operators’ society? （3/3)
SchoolHome

School teacher(Regulation)

Tutor(JANSI)
Student(Utilities)～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute5Ⅱ. Merits and Demerits of “Regulation” and “Self-regulation” （1/2)

the theory of “Cognitive Dissonance”
Leon Festinger, 1957

“Self-Justification”
Elliot Aronson
Regulation requires the rule for making up thehuman deficiency or weakness.

～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute6

Ⅱ. Merits and Demerits of “Regulation” and “Self-regulation” （2/2)

regulation
Merits:• Implementation• Responsibility for the results• Penalty

Demerits:• Decline of human motivation• No vigilanceself-regulation
Merit:• Implement timelessly without perplexing
regulatory approval procedure

Demerit:• Inducing self-justification～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute7

Ⅲ. History of Severe Accident Management in JapanFact• In 1992, the Government required nuclear operators toimplement the accident management measures not ascompulsory but voluntary tasks, self-regulation in otherwords.
• Since its completion, the Utilities had been dormant.
insight• Back-Fit rule might bring “Decrease of Cost Efficiency”
and “Lawsuit”.
Fact• the New Regulatory Requirements for Commercial Nuclear
Power Reactors from NRA came into effect in July 2013.
～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute8

Ⅳ. Meaning of JANSI’s activities （1/3)
Against Self-Justification, Complacency• JANSI leads a nuclear operator to much safer placeby taking a rein.
Best practices

NuclearOperators

JANSITo move forward;
Accountability: High Expertise• Variety of viewpoints• Deep insights• Trust• International communication network• World-Wide Good Practices• Close communication with JANSI～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute9Ⅳ. Meaning of JANSI’s activities （2/3)

Before the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

Forward～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute10

Ⅳ. Meaning of JANSI’s activities （3/3)

Utilities① Top’s commitment; Leadership:
Necessity to know the existing risks
ReliefCognitive dissonanceSelf-Justification② Peer Review:
Learning good practices③ Communication with JANSI“ We’re in the same boat”～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute11

Ⅴ. Examples (1/10)- Top’s commitment 1 -Value Sharing Session
for CEOs （three times）
Value:“ We’re in the same boat”
1st : Panel discussion“Direct cause of Fukushima Dai-ichi”
2nd: Panel discussion“Organizational culture in TEPCO”
3rd: Breakdown session“Their own Counter measures ”～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute12

Ⅴ. Examples (2/10)- Top’s commitment 2 -U.S.‐Japan CNOs session
US CNOs have completed a week-long technical visit to Japan, learningfrom their counterparts’ experiences of the Fukushima accident andrecovery.
The trip to Japan was coordinated by JANSI and its counterpart INPO.
Both bodies provide a forum for operators of nuclear power plants
to share experience and learn from each other.

In the Earthquake‐isolated emergency response centerof Fukushima Daiichi NPPs～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～In the JANSI’s office
JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute13

Ⅴ. Examples (3/10)- Good Practices 1 -JANSI’s first Peer Review( May 15-29, 2013, Higashidori NPS, Tohoku Electric Power Co. Inc.)•••

Conducting a peer review according to global standards with some reviewers
invited from overseas.
Providing AFI to executives directly at exit meeting.
Commitment by CEO at the CEOs conference in venue.

～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute14

Ⅴ. Examples (4/10)- Good Practices 2 -Severe Accident Measures:
Database of “The Difference from the World”【World】

Severe Accident
Measures【Japan】
 Ohi 3,4
 Kashiwazaki-kariwa 6,7～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～・・・

 Ikata 3

JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute15

Ⅴ. Examples (5/10)- Good Practices 3 -Emergency Response
Nuclear Emergency
Drill Examination
Committee

NuclearEmergency
DrillGuideline(established 2013.05)
To assist operators
drills to be moreeffective(published 2013.01)

ER Seminar＆Lecture

Regulations of emergency response in US
and progress by nuclear operators～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～Judgment by conductor at theGreat East Japan Earthquake

JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute16

Ⅴ. Examples (6/10)- Good Practices 4 -“Report of Lesson from 2F”
Working Group

Create the report ofFukushima Dai-ni
Lessons: 21 items

1F (Fukushima Daiichi)

Why was itsafe?

2F (Fukushima Daini)×○(Severe Accident)(survival)～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute17

Ⅴ. Examples (7/10)- Mechanism and Platform for JANSI/NPOs Communication -SR(Senior Representatives)

NuclearPowerPlants

JANSI
 Follow-up activities after Peer Review
 Support to solve the problems
 Coordinate between NPPs and JANSI～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute18Ⅴ. Examples (8/10)- Mechanism and Platform for World-Wide Scope 1 -Nuclear Safety Seminar
Application of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) at Nuclear Power Stations

INPO’sExpert

US Emergency Response Training: The Past, The Present, and The Way Forward

INPO’sExpert～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute19

Ⅴ. Examples (9/10)- Mechanism and Platform for World-Wide Scope 2 -International Advisory Committee

Deputy Executive vice President,
Generation & Engineering, EDF
at JANSI

Former Executive Director forOperations for the NRCat ATLANTA～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute20

Ⅴ. Examples (10/10)- Mechanism and Platform for World-Wide Scope 3 -Technical Review group

Lloyd’s Register Consultant(Risk management consulting company),(U.S.)

Director, Plant Technology, EPRI,(U.S.)

Professor, University of Pisa,(Italy)～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute21

Ⅸ．Conclusion (1/2)

 Nuclear operators are actors on the stage.
JANSI is just a coach or a trainer on the wings.
 JANSI shall tackle the self-justification derived
from cognitive dissonance and shall lead thenuclear operators by making a platform.
 Pursuing excellence (leadership, good practice,communication…) will fit for the self-regulation.

～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute22

Ⅸ．Conclusion (2/2)
If individuals concentrate their time and effort onprotecting their egos, they will never grow. In order togrow, we must learn from our mistakes.
E. Aronson, “The Social Animal”～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute23

Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standardsof Excellence

Thank you

JANSI
～ Untiring Pursuit of the Highest Standards of Excellence ～JANSI：JANSI： Japan Nuclear Safety Institute24