Mini-EUSO
a telescope on board the International Space Station

M. Casolino

DIMS workshop
5-12-2020

The EUSO program
1. EUSO-TA: Grounddetector installed in 2013 atTelescope Array site:
currently operational

POEMMA
2. EUSO-BALLOONS:••(2022)

2014, Timmins, Canada
2017 NASA Ultra long
duration flight. EUSO-SPB

3. TUS (2016): free-flyer on
Lomonosov Russian Satellite

MINI-EUSO(2019)
400 km

4. MINI-EUSO (2019):

5. SPB-2 (NASA) (2022)
EUSO-TA(>2013)

Phase A, Russian Space Agency

7. POEMMA (2025+): NASA
twin free-Flyer

30-40 km
EUSO-BALLOON(2014)
EUSO-SPB (2017)
EUSO-SPB2 (2022)

Detector from International Space
Station (ISS): 40 kg total.

6. K-EUSO (2023): ISS

TUS (2016)

EUSO-TA (2013-)

Mini-EUSO/UV-Atmosfera
40kg
60 W
62*37*37 cm32304 pixelSame light/pixel of K-EUSO design

HVPS switch and dynamic range extension

62 cm

Ultraviolet, with Fresnel lenses
Near Infrared camera
Visible camera
SiPM

Focal Surface
SiliconPhotomultipliers
C14047-3050EA08
8*8 pixel Imaging
system

SiPM Array

Main Focal Surface(2304 pixel)

C13365 single pixel

SiPM UV UVLight sensors
Hamamatsu
S1226-5BQ log
190-1000nm
ML8511 linear
280-400 nm

Fresnel Lenses
VISIBLE CAMERA

P. Nespoli con lente diFresnel FMFresnel Lenses

Realizzate al Riken(Giappone)
5ns rms sulla superficie

NIR CAMERATest and Integration of EM and FM
2017-2019

TUR-LAB, Univ and INFN Torino
Test on EM and emulation of ISS

INFN LNF
Mechanics and Integration

INFN Tor Vergata
Qualification andAcceptanceprocedures

INFN Tor Vergata
Sky tests

10

Acceptance tests in Baikonur andintegration with Soyuz MS-14

Building 254, assembly of Soyuz/ProgressRoll-out of Soyuz MS-14, 19/8/2019

First docking, 24/8/2019
unsuccessful

Relocation of MS-13 from
Zvezda to PoiskLaunch, 2/8/2019

Second docking,27/8/2019 successful

Uv transparent window,
Zvezda module,
International Space Station

Missione Beyond – outreach videos

L. Parmitano in visita
a Tor Vergata con FM
Mini-EUSO

Video di Outreach da ISS
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QincAp4V-SM&t=1s
Video Roscosmos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lXedBGVHc4oVideo di outreach ASI/Corriere della Sera
https://video.corriere.it/cronaca/mini-euso-luca-parmitanoprotagonista-web-serie-beyond/2582bd90-aa06-11e9-a88cfde1fa123548

Menzionato nel collegamento con Presid. Mattarella
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMTTSB6BVaw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKIFN1u_Wdk

Science Objectives

300km, <14km/s

90km, >300,000km/s

Time profile of various events(selected from 10% of data)

2.5 µs sampling(triggered)

320µs averages(triggered)

ELVES

41ms averages(full time acquisition)lightning
Earth emissions
cloudslightingMeteors
50Hz city light

Direct cr hits
60Hz fishingboat light

Simulated
1E21
1e22events

Town lights

Xe groundflashers

23

Visible camera data
3-seconds frames

Correlation with UVMeteors, cloud, town
Ageing from radiation
Single cosmic ray hits24Clouds and sea emission
2019_12_05 18:30 UTCCounts/pixel/GTU

Indian Ocean

Pixel size 6.1km
ISS speed 7km/s
Yaw of 4 degrees

1 frame = signal integrated in 40.96 ms~14 min video (1 frame every 128 frames) ~5s

Ground emissions(between Vancouver and Calgary)
41ms continuous sampling
Pixel size 6.1km
ISS speed 7km/s
Yaw of 4 degrees

Town Light41ms samples

1s 25D3 frames average

29

From L. Piotrowski

Earth Coverage (up to march 2020)
Pouch 315 sessions
160GB RAW
133GB (good, post-commisioning)
Raw Files
60GB zipped (rar)50GB root «level1» files
About 33E6 PDM frames
3E6 D3 (41ms frames)
1275 PDM «runs» (acquisition files)
42 (34) hours of night time data
62000 VIS Camera pics

11 sessions so far
D1 = 35.8 hours (sess. 4-26) (but 10% of 15-26,
up to 34)

From L. Marcelli30

UV maps: Northern Japan

RussiaEtorofu

SapporoHokkaido<=1 count/GTU ocean
Depending on Moon31

Egypt and Suez Channel

Mediterranean sea

Alexandria

Nile Delta

North Africa

PAMELA Strangelet upper limit

PRL 115, 111101, 2015

Interstellar Meteors and Search for Strange quark matter
200 meteors detected so far
Near Earth Objects,
complementary to groundarrays (joint observations)
About 2000 in data cards
Maximum speed 72 km/s
Interstellar meteors:
220km/s>V>72 km/s
Relevance for solar systemformation, Kuiper belt.

SQM: 220km/s>V>72km/s
Long continuous track
Meteor studies in the framework of the JEM-EUSO program. PLANETARY AND SPACESCIENCE, 143(SI):245{255, SEP 1 2017.
JEM-EUSO: Meteor and nuclearite observations. Experimental Astronomy, 40:253{279,November 2015.

Mini-EUSO & Space Debris remediation
Search for known objects inf.o.v of minieuso(in termination line between
dark and light)
Norad and other catalogues
Look for unknown debris(includes meteors for thispurpose)

ELVES (transient luminous events)
Superluminal rings
100km+ radiusUpper atmosphericlighting releases
e.m. wave whichheats theionosphere
Transient Gamma
Flash relationship
About 400musOverall duration

2.5µs
GTU

Radius

ELVE: 2019-12-05_n1
Polar histogramTime (2.5mus)Speed ≈ 0.18 pix/GTU ≈ 338 400 km/s
Pixel size:
6.1 km on ground4.7 km at 100 km

EnergyGTU (2.5µs)

Time (2.5mus)From L. Marcelli

Shower simulation and end-to-end calibration
with ground UV laser and UV flasher• Norio Tajima (Riken)• E. Reali (smaller, testprototype)• 2kW pulsed UV LED array• PORTABLE!

• Calibration from ground• Shoot when in field of view
• Pulsed and coded shots• First system developed inJapan. Other systems inEurope and USA.

42

Session 24, 15 September 202043

Passage of 15-9-2019 morning

From L. Piotrowski

Pixel 24-26

From L. Piotrowski

Joint observations with other detectors
on the ISS
ASIM:
UV transients and ELVESALTEA-LIDAL («our»)Correlation with radiation environmentof cosmic rays 100 Mev – GeV andTransient Luminous Events

CSES-Limadou («our»)(different orbit)

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