ENERGY STAR® Program Requirements
Product Specification for Imaging Equipment
Test Method for Determining
Professional Imaging Product Energy Use
Final, Rev. February-2020

1 OVERVIEW
The following test method shall be used for determining Professional Imaging Product compliance withrequirements in the ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.

2 APPLICABILITY
ENERGY STAR test requirements are dependent upon the feature set of the products under evaluation.
Table 1 shall be used to determine the applicability of this ENERGY STAR Test Method.
Table 1. Test Procedure Applicability
Product TypeMedia Format

Marking Technology

Professional
Imaging Products

All

All

ENERGY STAR
Evaluation Method
Professional Imaging
Product

3 DEFINITIONS
Unless otherwise specified, all terms used in this document are consistent with the definitions in the
ENERGY STAR Eligibility Criteria for Imaging Equipment.

4

TEST SETUP

4.1

General Test Setup

A) Test Setup and Instrumentation: Test setup and instrumentation for all portions of this procedure
shall be in accordance with:
1) The requirements of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Standard
21632, “Graphic technology -- Determination of the energy consumption of digital printing
devices including transitional and related modes”, Section 4, “General Conditions”; and2) In the event of conflicting requirements, the ENERGY STAR test method shall takeprecedence.
B) Ac Input Power: Products intended to be powered from an ac mains power source shall beconnected to a voltage source appropriate for the intended market, as specified in Table 2 orTable 3.

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. February-2020)

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1) If a product is rated to operate at a voltage/frequency combination in a specific market
that is different from the voltage/frequency combination for that market (e.g., 230 volts(V), 60 hertz (Hz) in North America), the unit shall be tested at the manufacturer rated
voltage/frequency combination for that unit. The voltage/frequency used shall bereported.
Table 2: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Less Than or Equal to 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 V ac
208 V ac230 V ac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Switzerland

230 V ac+/- 1.0 %

2.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 V ac
200 V ac+/- 1.0 %2.0 %50 Hz or 60 Hz+/- 1.0 %Table 3: Input Power Requirements for Products with
Nameplate Rated Power Greater than 1500 W
Maximum
Total
Harmonic
Distortion

Frequency

Frequency
Tolerance

MarketVoltage

VoltageTolerance

North America, Taiwan

115 V ac
208 V ac230 V ac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

60 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Switzerland

230 V ac+/- 4.0 %

5.0 %

50 Hz

+/- 1.0 %Japan

100 V ac
200 V ac+/- 4.0 %5.0 %50 Hz or 60 Hz+/- 1.0 %C) Ambient Temperature: Ambient temperature shall be 23°C ± 5°C.
D) Relative Humidity: Relative humidity shall be between 10% and 80%.
E) Power Meter: Power meters shall possess the following attributes:1) Minimum Frequency Response: 3.0 kHz
2) Minimum Resolution:a) 0.01 W for measurement values less than 10 W;b) 0.1 W for measurement values from 10 W to 100 W;c) 1 W for measurement values from 100 W to 1.5 kW; andd) 10 W for measurement values greater than 1.5 kW.
e) Measurements of accumulated energy should have resolutions which are generally
consistent with these values when converted to average power. For accumulated
energy measurements, the figure of merit for determining required accuracy is the
maximum power value during the measurement period, not the average, since it is
the maximum that determines the metering equipment and setup.

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F) Measurement Uncertainty1:
1) Measurements of greater than or equal to 1 W shall have an uncertainty of 2% or betterat the 95% confidence level.
2) Measurements of less than 1 W shall have an uncertainty of 0.02 W or better at the 95%
confidence level.
G) Time Measurement: Time measurements may be performed with a standard stopwatch or othertime keeping device with a resolution of at least 1 second.
H) Paper Specifications:
1) Standard Format Products shall be tested using uncoated paper in accordance with
Table 4.
2) Large, Small, and Continuous Form products shall be tested using uncoated paper in any
compatible paper size.
Table 4: Paper Size and Weight Requirements
MarketNorth America
TaiwanSwitzerland
Japan
I)

Paper Size
8.5” × 11”
A4 or 8.5” × 11”
A4
A4

Basis Weight(g/m2)
120.0
120.0
120.0
127.9

Product Speed for Calculations and Reporting: The product speed for all calculations and reporting
shall be the highest speed as claimed by the manufacturer per the following criteria, expressed inimages per minute (ipm) and rounded to the nearest integer:1) In general, for Standard-size products, a single A4 or 8.5” × 11” sheet
printed/copied/scanned on one side in one minute is equal to 1 (ipm).
a) When operating in duplex mode a single A4 or 8.5” × 11” sheet
printed/copied/scanned on both sides in one minute is equal to 2 (ipm).
2) The product speed shall be based on:a) The highest manufacturer-claimed monochrome or color print speed, as
appropriate, unless the product cannot print, in which case,b) The highest manufacturer-claimed monochrome copy speed, unless the productcannot print or copy, in which case,c) The manufacturer-claimed scan speed.
d) When a manufacturer intends to qualify a product in a certain market, and if its
maximum claimed speeds differ when producing images on different sizes of
paper, the highest speed shall be used.

1

Measurement uncertainty calculations should be performed according IEC 62301 Ed. 2.0 Appendix D.
Only the uncertainty due to the measurement instrument shall be calculated.
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3) For Continuous Form products, product speed shall be calculated per Equation 1.
Equation 1: Calculation of Product Speeds =16  w  s L
Where:• s is the product speed, in ipm,
• w is the width of the media, in meters (m),• sL is the maximum claimed monochrome speed, in meters per
minute.
4) The product speed used for all calculations and qualification, as calculated above, may
not be the same as the product speed used for testing.
J) Color: Color-capable products shall be tested in color mode regardless of the default (as-shipped)setting.
K) Network Connections: Products that are capable of being network-connected as-shipped shall beconnected to a network.
1) Products shall be connected to only one network or data connection for the duration of
the test.
a) Only one computer may be connected to the UUT, either directly or via a network.
b) The UUT shall be connected using a port with the full specifications recommended
for the UUT
Example: A Universal Serial Bus (USB) 3.1 port shall be used if present, even if backwardscompatible with USB 2.0.
2) The type of network connection depends on the characteristics of the UUT and shall be
the topmost connection listed in Table 5 available on the unit as-shipped.

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Table 5: Network or Data Connections for Use in Test
Order of Preference
for Use in Test (ifProvided by UUT)

Connections for all Products

1

Ethernet – 1 Gb/s

2

Ethernet – 100/10 Mb/s

3

Wi-Fi

4

USB 3.x5

USB 2.x6

USB 1.x

7

RS232

8

IEEE 12842

9

Other Wired – in order of preference from highest
to lowest speed

10

Other Wireless – in order of preference fromhighest to lowest speed

11

If none of the above, test with whateverconnection is provided by the device (or none)3) All data and network cables and routers shall support the highest and lowest data speedsof the UUT’s network interface.
Example: In the case of Ethernet, the connection shall be via a standard Category (Cat) 5e or
better cable.
4) Products connected to a wireless protocol, such as Wi-Fi, shall be connected in close
proximity to the appropriate router or computer.
5) Products connected to Ethernet, per paragraph 5.1.K)2) above, and capable ofsupporting Energy Efficient Ethernet (IEEE Standard 802.3az)3, shall be connected to a
network switch or router that also supports Energy Efficient Ethernet for the duration of
the test.
6) The tester shall configure the address layer of the protocol, taking note of the following:a) Internet Protocol (IP) v4 and IPv6 have neighbor discovery and will generally configure alimited, non-routable connection automatically.
b) IP can be configured manually or by using Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) withan address in the 192.168.1.x Network Address Translation (NAT) address space if the UUT
does not behave normally when autoIP is used. The network shall be configured to support
the NAT address space and/or autoIP.
c) The UUT shall maintain this live connection to the network for the duration of testing unlessotherwise specified in this Test Method, disregarding any brief lapses (e.g., whentransitioning between link speeds).
2

Also referred to as a Parallel or Centronics interface.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standard 802.3az-2010. “IEEE Standard forInformation Technology—Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems—Local andMetropolitan Area Networks—Specific Requirements—Part 3: Carrier Sense Multiple Access with
Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications.” 2010.
3

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L) Service/Maintenance Modes: Service/maintenance modes, including color calibration, shall be in
their default state during testing.
1) Energy consumption of any automatic adjustments shall be measured if captured byother portions of the test method (e.g., Production Print).
2) Any manual interventions, as specified in Section 4.5.3.1.4 of ISO 21632, shall be
excluded to ensure repeatability of the test method.

5 PRE-TEST UUT INITIALIZATION FOR ALL PRODUCTS
5.1

General InitializationA) Prior to the start of testing, the UUT shall be initialized as follows:
1) Set up the UUT per Manufacturer’s Instructions or documentation.
a) Accessories, such as paper source, that are shipped with the base product and are intended
to be installed or attached by the end-user shall be installed as intended for the productmodel. Paper shall be placed in all paper sources designated to hold the paper specified fortesting, and the UUT shall pull from the default paper source, using the as-shipped paper
source settings.
b) If the product is connected to a computer, either directly or via a network, during the test, thecomputer shall be running the newest version of the manufacturer’s default driver available atthe time of testing using settings corresponding to the default settings upon shipment, unlessotherwise specified in this test method. The print driver version used for testing shall berecorded.
i.

In the event that a setting does not have a default and is not defined in this test
method, the setting shall be set according to the tester’s discretion and shall berecorded.

ii.

When connecting via a network and multiple computers are connected to the
network, print driver settings apply only to the computer sending the print jobs to theUUT.

c) For products designed to operate on battery power when not connected to the mains powersource, the battery shall be removed for all tests. For UUTs where operation without a battery
pack is not a supported configuration, the test shall be performed with fully charged batterypack(s) installed, making sure to report this configuration in the test results. To ensure thebattery is fully charged, perform the following steps:i.

For UUTs that have an indicator to show that the battery is fully charged, continue
charging for an additional 5 hours after the indication is present.

ii.

If there is no charge indicator, but the manufacturer’s instructions provide a time
estimate for when charging this battery or this capacity of battery should be complete,continue charging for an additional 5 hours after the manufacturer’s indication.

iii.

If there is no indicator and no time estimate in the instructions, the duration shall be
24 hours.

2) Connect the UUT to its power source.
a) Power on the UUT and perform initial system configuration, as applicable.
3) As-shipped condition: Professional Imaging Products shall be tested in their "as-shipped"
configuration unless otherwise specified by this test method

ENERGY STAR Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment – Test Method for Professional Imaging Products(Rev. February-2020)

Page 6 of 10a) If the product has Auto-off capability (whether based on a delay time or time-of-day) and it isenabled as-shipped, it shall be disabled prior to testing.
b) If the product has a Default Delay Time to Sleep, it shall be disabled prior to testing.
However, is the Default Delay Time to Sleep cannot be disabled, the product shall bechanged to a setting that does not trigger Default Delay Time to Sleep for the duration of thetest.
c) User-controllable anti-humidity features shall be turned off or disabled for the duration of
testing.
d) Professional Imaging Products shall be tested under the default as-shipped combination of
productivity and quality.
e) If the paper setting of the product’s default setting is different from the Paper Specification,change the default setting to the Paper Specification (1.H.1) then conduct the test.
4) Pre-conditioning: Place the UUT in Off Mode, then let the UUT sit idle for 15 minutes.
a) For EP-TEC products, let the UUT sit in Off Mode for an additional 105 minutes, for a total ofat least 120 minutes (2 hours).
b) Pre-conditioning is only required prior to beginning the first test on each UUT.

6 PROFESSIONAL IMAGING PRODUCT TEST PROCEDURE
6.1

Test Flow
A) Test Image: ISO/IEC 24734:2014 Ad Graphics Adobe Reader file page 2 test image shall be
used for test.
B) Images per Copy: Each copy of the job shall consist of 16 repeated images, printed one time oneach page. The image shall be sent to the printer multiple times but shall not be specified in the
document as multiple images in a single 16-page copy.
C) Copies per Job: The number of copies that correspond to at least 5 minutes continuous printing
excluding 1st page, shall be computed according to Equation 2.
Equation 2: Calculation of Number of Copies per Job(𝑀 × 𝑠) + 1
𝑁𝐶𝑂𝑃𝐼𝐸𝑆 = ceil []16
Where:• NCOPIES is the number of copies per job;
• ceil is the function that rounds up to the next integer;• s is the product speed in images per minute (ipm); and• M is the printing time, which is an integer value of 5 minutes or more.

6.2

Measurement Procedures
A) Measurement of Professional Imaging Product TEC shall be conducted according to Figure 1 andTable 6, subject to the following provisions:1) Paper: There shall be sufficient paper in the UUT to perform the specified print. However, if
the products cannot set sufficient paper in its as-shipped configuration, it is allowed to supply
paper during the Test, but doing so shall not significantly affect energy consumption (e.g.,
supply paper during Ready mode between Jobs).

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2) Simplex mode Testing: Products shall be tested in simplex mode.
3) Energy Measurement Method: All measurements shall be recorded as accumulated energy
over time, in Wh; all time shall be recorded in minutes or seconds.
4) “Zero meter” references may be accomplished by recording the accumulated energy
consumption at that time rather than physically zeroing the meter.

Figure 1: Illustration of TEC Test Procedure for Professional Imaging Products

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Table 6: TEC Test Procedure for Professional Imaging Products

Step

Initial
State

1

Off

2

Off

3

Ready

4

Ready

5

Ready

6

6.3

Ready

ActionConnect the UUT to the meter. Ensure the unit is powered
and in Off Mode. Zero the meter, measure energy over 5
minutes or more. Record both energy and time.
Turn on unit and print a job of at least one output image
simultaneously. Zero the meter, measure energy and record
time until trailing edge of first page reaches exit point.
Record both energy and time.
Production print 1 starts from at least 10 minutes readyduration after start-up.
Zero meter and timer. Print one job (Print order includes
number of pages, which corresponds to at least 5 minutes
continuous printing excluding 1st page.). Measure energy
and record time until trailing edge of first page reaches exit
point.
Continuously, after printing 1st page, print the number ofpages, which corresponds to at least 5 minutes continuous
printing.
Measure energy, number of pages and record time until
trailing edge of last page reaches exit point.

Zero meter and timer. After the UUT reaches a stable printready mode, wait for a period of time and then begin
measuring energy consumption over 5 minutes or more.
Record both energy and time.
Production print 2 starts at least 10 minutes ready duration
after production print 1.
Zero meter and timer. Print one job (Print order includes
number of pages, which corresponds to at least 5 minutes
continuous printing excluding 1st page.). Measure energy
and record time until trailing edge of first page reaches exit
point.
Continuously, after printing 1st page, print the number ofpages, which corresponds to at least 5 minutes continuous
printing.
Measure energy, number of pages and record time until
trailing edge of last page reaches exit point.

Production print 3 starts at least 10 minutes ready duration
after production print 2.
Zero meter and timer. Print one job (Print order includes
number of pages, which corresponds to at least 5 minutes
continuous printing excluding 1st page.). Measure energy
and record time until trailing edge of first page reaches exit
point.
Continuously, after printing 1st page, print the number ofpages, which corresponds to at least 5 minutes continuous
printing.
Measure energy, number of pages and record time until
trailing edge of last page reaches exit point.

Record (atend of Step)
Off energy
Testing
interval time
Start-upenergyTesting
interval time
FPPT fromready(transition)energyTesting
interval time#1
Production
print 1 energy
Number ofimagesTesting
interval time#2
Ready energy
Testing
interval time
FPPT fromready(transition)energyTesting
interval time#1
Production
print 2 energy
Number ofimagesTesting
interval time
#2
FPPT fromready(transition)energyTesting
interval time#1
Production
print 3 energy
Number ofimagesTesting
interval time#2

Unit ofMeasureWatt-hours(Wh)
Minutes(min)
Watt-hours(Wh)

PossibleStatesMeasured
Off

Start-up

Seconds (s)Watt-hours(Wh)

FPPT fromready

Seconds (s)Watt-hours(Wh)
Images

Production
print 1

Minutes(min)
Watt-hours(Wh)
Minutes(min)
Watt-hours
(Wh)

Ready

FPPT fromready

Seconds (s)Watt-hours(Wh)
Images

Production
print 2

Minutes(min)
Watt-hours(Wh)

FPPT fromready

Seconds (s)Watt-hours(Wh)
ImagesMinutes(min)

Production
print 3

Testing in Accordance with ISO 21632
B)

All other aspects of testing shall be conducted in accordance with Section 4.5.4 of ISO 21632.

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7 TEST PROCEDURES FOR PRODUCTS WITH A DIGITAL FRONTEND (DFE)
This step applies only to products that have a DFE as defined in Section 1 of the ENERGY STAR
Program Requirements for Imaging Equipment.

7.1

Ready Mode DFE Test

A) Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network
connection used shall be determined using Table 5.
B) If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internalor external to the imaging product, a 10-minute power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made,and the average power recorded while the main product is in Ready Mode.
C) If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required
for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Ready Mode. This will most commonly be accomplished bytaking an instantaneous power measurement of each dc input into the DFE and adding them together
for the total dc power.

7.2

Sleep Mode DFE Test

This testing shall be performed to obtain the Sleep Mode power of a DFE device over a 1-hour period.
The resulting value will be used to qualify Imaging Equipment products that incorporate DFEs with
network-capable Sleep Modes.
A) Products that are network-capable as-shipped shall be connected during testing. The network
connection used shall be determined using Table 5.
B) If the DFE has a separate main power cord, regardless of whether the cord and controller are internalor external to the imaging product, a 1-hour power measurement of the DFE alone shall be made,and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode. At the end of the 1-hour
power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure the DFE is responsive.
C) If the DFE does not have a separate main power cord, the tester shall measure the dc power required
for the DFE when the unit as a whole is in Sleep Mode. A 1-hour power measurement of the dc input
to the DFE shall be made, and the average power recorded while the main product is in Sleep Mode.
At the end of the 1-hour power measurement, a print job shall be sent to the main product to ensure
the DFE is responsive.
D) In cases B) and C), the following requirements apply:
1) Manufacturers shall provide information on:a) Whether DFE Sleep Mode is enabled as-shipped; andb) The expected time to sleep of the DFE.
2) If the DFE does not respond to the print request at the end of 1 hour, the Ready Mode power
level measured in the test method shall be reported as the Sleep Mode power.
Note: All information specified or provided by manufacturers for product testing shall be publicly available.

8 REFERENCES
A) ISO 21632 “Graphic technology -- Determination of the energy consumption of digital printing
devices including transitional and related modes”
B) IEC 62301:2011. Household Electrical Appliances – Measurement of Standby Power. Ed. 2.0.

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