GNSS Transition Snapshot
Current GPS Services
16 Block II/IIA
13 Block IIR
29 Operational(June 2006)

e-LORAN（Position, Navigation and Precision Timingの冗長化を目指して）

Civil Service
Course Acquisition Code C/ANavigation
L1Precision Service (L1Y)
Y-Code Navigation (L2Y)

Block II R - M
C/A
Adds L2C
Reduces Interference

C/A
C/A
L1
L1
M-Codes M-Codes
L2C
L2C

Block IIIC/A for Backward Compatibility
Binary Offset Carrier [BOC]
Common Baseline L1C Open Service

Block IIF
C/A
Adds L5
Higher Power
C/A
L1
M-Codes
L2C
L5
Third CivilFrequency

C/AL1L2C
L5L1C
Galileo-compatible
Fourth Civil Frequency
FirstBlock III

Second Civil Frequency

First Second
Block II Block II
R-M
R-M(8 Birds)(6 To Go)

池田 保
2007年6月29日

First
Block IIF
(16 Birds)

L5 to Reach 24 Satellites

L2C to Reach 24 Satellites? (5/08 - 1/09As of 9/06)
2005

Possible Accuracy timeline

2006 2007 2008
Test
Galileo
Sat 12009

2010

2011

?
2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

24
30 Satellites
Operational

GPSアプリケーション
航空監視システムの高度化

Horizontal Accuracy ofBaseline Systems (m)100Remaining
window ofopportunity
for D-GNSSINS

GPS＋SBAS＋GBAS

SSR

ADS-B（Aｕｔｏｍａｔｉｃ Dｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔ Surveilｌance - Broadcast)Threshold for many commercial
markets

10

タイミング
GPS/GALILEO

GPS

携帯電話基地局

12000

2005

2008

2010

Time

2015

2020

San Diego事件

2017

ILAによるe-Loranの定義文書の作成
2007年1月１２日

eLoranの存続に関する一般意見聴取（FRN)
2007年3月15日

意見総数９５２件中
eLoranの継続に賛成の意見が９３％DODとDHSのeLoran作業班

RTCM eLoran規格化作業を開始
2007年6月７日

2007年4月１０日（非公式情報）

Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services
1800 N. Kent St., Suite 1060
Arlington, Virginia 22209-2109
hq@rtcm.org
www.rtcm.org

eLoran継続で合意
・ GPSに障害をもたらす要因を太陽活動と指摘

Telephone: +1-703-527-2000

Telefax: +1-703-351-9932

June 7, 2007
DRAFT TERMS OF REFERENCE
RTCM Special Committee 127
Standards for Enhanced Loran (eLoran) Systems
1. Considering that:a) Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have certain vulnerabilities tointerference and outages from both natural and intentional causes;b) Critical navigation, communication, and timing applications depend on GNSSservices;c) The eLoran system has a robust signal which is less vulnerable than GNSS
systems to degradation and outages from natural and intentional causes, and cantherefore provide an effective back-up to GNSS systems;d) Certain providers of navigation services have identified eLoran as the appropriate
complimentary, terrestrial radionavigation service to support GNSS services; ande) There are presently no known regional or international standards for modern
eLoran system components;
2. The Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services establishes RTCM SpecialCi127

System architecture ？

E-Navigationのコンセプト•Key Issues
Larger & faster vessels
Congestion at pinch-points– Dover Straits, Mallaca Straits …
Trend to one/two man bridges
Ubiquity of GPS and waypoint navigation
Concern over ability to revert from electronic to traditional techniques
In some cases safety may worsen– Electronic systems encourage a false sense of security– Human factors• GMDSS–––•Definitions“The collection, integration and display of maritime information onboard and ashore by electronicmeans, to enhance berth-to-berth navigation and related services, for safety and security at sea, andprotection of the marine environment” （IALA)•

Structural components– Electronic Navigation Charts– Integrated displays using Electronic Chart Display Information Systems– Electronic Positioning Systems– Vessel route and status information– Transmission of positional and navigational information using AIS– Information prioritisation and alarm management•System architecture– Currently being developed by the IMO correspondence group led by the UK Department forTransport

•

2005

Development of an E-Navigation Strategy by MSC
Recapitalise GLA DGPS system & deploy AIS as an AtoN
Trigger long-term investment in eLoranFirst fully-operational GLA eLoran services
Introduce modernised GPS, Galileo and GLONASS

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

E-Navigation– ONE MAN運航– GPSによる可視化状況把握– 陸上主体の安全航行管理and/or支援体系（地域限定）

Possible Long-term European eLoran（GPS Back-up) ProgrammePossible e-Navigation timeline（UK)

2005

2014

2015

2016

2017

航海士が通信の実施主体
IT技術の積極的導入（専門的知識が不要）
陸上主体の遭難通信体系

2018

First fully-operational Virtual AtoNs service
New GLA e-Navigation control/monitoring centres
Initial e-Navigation fully operational capability

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

eLoran Initial
ServiceProvision (ISP)
2010 – 2012

2013

2014

R&D & Proof ofConcept
2004 - 2007

Preparation for
Initial Services
2007 - 2010

Aim: Keep eLoranalive and extend
R&D in order toprepare for initialservices

Aim: Trigger longterm investment andinitial services inEurope throughERNP

Aim: Launch
initial services
and transition toEuropean eLoran

Aim: Roll-out eLoranservices acrossEuropeTask: Identify
where eLoran may
be needed, highlevel cost/benefit
analysis andtechnical proof ofconcept.

Task: Programme ofwork for all transportmodes: institutional,regulatory,commercial,operational, technicaland user. This
includes education
and PR to build
broad support
through ERNP.

Task: Transition
from current tofuture institutionaland commercial
arrangements.
Upgrade existing
system if needed,
deploy dLoranand make ASF
maps.

Task: Roll-out multimodal eLoranservices acrossEurope20152016

European eLoran
Service Roll-out
2012 -2015

What is the equivalent in the US and elsewhere?
Saly Basker FERNS TWG ２8th Feb. 2007

GLAがVTに15年間のeLoran運用委託
The General Lighthouse Authorities award a 15-year eLoran contract to VT
Communications
Published:
May 2007
The General Lighthouse Authorities (GLAs) has announced the award of a prestigious fifteen-year contract to VT Communications (part of VT Groupplc) for the provision of a state-of-the-art enhanced Loran (eLoran) radionavigation service to improve the safety of mariners in the UK and Ireland.

The first development phase of this contract, until 2010, will build on existing successes and provide a focus for a European agreement on eLoranservice provision. This would then trigger the start of the operational phase from 2010 onwards.

The Department for Transport is sharing the costs during the development phase having recognised the broader potential of Loran to improve theresilience of critical transport infrastructure.

eLoran is intended to assist mariners navigating the complex and crowded waters around our shores and those of our northern European neighbours. It
complements Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) such as GPS and is entirely independent, allowing users to retain the benefits of electronic
positioning, navigation and timing when satellite signals are disrupted.

This contract will see VT Communications develop a new Loran station at its radio communications facility in Cumbria, UK. The first signals from theCumbrian eLoran station will be transmitted on 1st October 2007 with a full trial service launched in November 2007. The existing trial service will besuspended by the end of July 2007.