Multi-point ground-based observationsof the thermosphere and ionosphere
over Asia and Oceania by STEL, Nagoya
University
Kazuo Shiokawa and Yuichi Otsuka
Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory
Nagoya University, JapanThe 3rd AOSWA workshop, Fukuoka, Japan, March 3 10:15-10:30, 2015

http://stdb2.stelab.nagoya-u.ac.jp/omti/

All-sky camera
Fabry-Perot
interferometer
Induction
magnetometer
VLF antenna

Station Name

MLAT Collaborators

Resolute Bay, Canada

82.9

Tromsoe, Norway
Athabasca, Canada
Magadan, Russia
Paratunka, Russia
Rikubetsu, Japan
Shigaraki, JapanSata, JapanYonaguni/Ishigaki, Japan
Haleakara, US
Chiang Mai, Thailand
Kototabang, Indonesia
Darwin, Australia

67.1
61.7
51.9
45.8
34.7
25.4
21.2
14.6
21.3
8.9
-10.6
-22.1

SRI International, U. Calgary, U.
Electrocommunications
EISCAT, NIPR
U.Athabasca, U.Calgary
IKIR (FEB, RAS)IKIR (FEB, RAS)RISH (Kyoto U)
ENRI, NICT
Kyoto U., Tohoku U.
Chiang Mai U., NICTLAPAN, RISH
IPS Radio and Space Services

plasmadensity

1000K atmospherictemperaturethermosphere F-layer
ionosphere

200K
mesospherestratosphere
300K

airglow imaging

E-layeroxygen630nm
200-300km

secondarywaves
O/Na/OH
Wave breaking and
80-100km

momentum flux releasegravity waves

Troposphericconvection

Nighttime Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs)

Saito et al. (GRL, 1998)

Kubota et al.(GRL, 2000);
Saito et al. (GRL, 2001)

Nighttime MSTID direction (summary)summerwinterEquatorward boundary ofnighttime middle-latitude MSTIDs
by equatorial airglow
enhancement.
Narayanan et al. (JGR, 2014)

Nighttime MSTID direction (summary)summerwinter2003-2009
NENW
5%
N 5%8%

S40%

raw data

deviation from 1-hrunning averages

SE14%

SW
28%

Fukushima et al. (JGR, 2012)

period: ~40min,
phase velocity: ~300m/s
evanescent in themesopause region secondary gravity wave?
Shiokawa et al.
(JGR, 2006)

Occurrence of southward-moving MSTIDs at Indonesia (MLAT=10S)  GW-like features

High solar
activity

Low solar
activity
Fukushima et al. (JGR, 2012)

plasma bubble
zonal windthermosphere(altitude: 90-1000 km)

Shigaraki
25MLAT
MU radar
FPIImager
GPSSata
21MLATImager
GPSmeridional windTailand+10MLAT
FPI
imager

FPI: Fabry-Perot interferometerIndonesia-10MLAT
EAR/VHF radar
FPIImager
GPSDarwin-22MLATFPIimager

April 5, 2011

Fukushima et al. (JGR, 2015)

ΣPNuN + ΣPSuS
vcal =
ΣPN + ΣPS
UTvobs (m/s)
ueN (m/s)ueS (m/s)
ΣPN (S)ΣPS (S)vcal (m/s)
v'cal (m/s)

1340
124
121
3.28
4.38

1510
124
78
126
1.92
3.16
108
102

1610
120
82
100
1.89
2.33
92
91

1730
116

1820
112

84
2.35
1.45

85
2.47
1.13

About 60-90% of the eastward bubble velocity can be
explained by the F-region dynamo effect.
Fukushima et al. (JGR, 2015)

1920
103
56
84
1.99
0.87
6570

Plasma bubble disappearance by collision with an LSTID
August 8, 2002 ~10:00-2:00 UT
Darwin, Australia (630 nm)
Sata, Japan (630 nm)
NN

W

E

S

Shiokawa et al. (EPS, 2015)

S

Shiokawa et al. (EPS, 2015)

Shiokawa et al. (EPS, 2015)

induction
magnetometer
Sakaguchi et al.
(JGR, 2008)

auroralpulsation
EMCCD
camerainduction
magnetometer VLF
antenna

VLF/ULF waves

NOAA

radiation
belt particles

auroralparticles

THEMIS
Van Allen Probes
ERG

waveparticle
interations

THEMISVLF/ELF loop antenna
Frequency (kHz)

10Feb.12, 2012 10:30-10:40UT (02:30-02:40LT) Athabasca, Canada

010-min

Shiokawa et al. (JGR, 2014)

Ohya et al. (JGR, 2014) newly found daytime tweeks.
VLF/ELF
antenna at
Kagoshima,Japan
D-region ionosphere
VLF antenna

Ohya et al. (JGR, 2011): Long-term(36years) D-region height variation
determined by tweek cut-off frequency.

lightningSummarySTEL, Nagoya University have been conducting multi-point
observation of airglow (13 stations), geomagnetic pulsations (5stations) and ELF/VLF radio waves (3 stations) in collaboration with
Institutes in Asia and Oceania.
We show some recent results obtained by these network
observations, i.e.,• Nighttime MSTIDs features at middle and low latitudes caused by
Perkins/E-F coupling instability and by gravity waves,respectively.
• Conjugate observation of plasma bubble propagation, theirdisappearance, and a midnight brightness wave, withthermospheric wind data obtained by FPI.
• High correlation of Pc1 pulsation with isolated proton aurora.
• VLF/ELF chorus waves at subauroral latitudes• Tweek and related D-region height measurements.