Space weather service andcollaborations in NAOC
Huaning Wang, Han He, Xin Huang
Solar Activity Predition Center, RWC-China
National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences (NAOC)

Outline
1. History
2. Solar observations
3. Solar activities forecasting services
4. Perspective2

1. History
Solar activity prediction center of RWC-China has
long-term domestic and oversea collaborations insolar observations and forecasting serves.
Begin in 1969
- short wave communication- space missions
Services for Chinese first satellite mission in1970
Member of International Space Environment
Services (ISES) in 1990

3Regional Warning Center of China (RWC-China)
 Setup in 1991
 Four sub-centers Solar Activity Prediction Center(SAPC) at NAOC
(headquarters of RWC-China)
 Space Environment Prediction
Center (SEPC) Ionospheric DisturbancePrediction Center (IDPC) Geomagnetic Storm Prediction
Center (GSPC) RWC-China’s tasks:(1) Data collection(2) User services(3) Information exchange withother RWCs

http://www.ises-spaceweather.org/

The International Space Environment Service(ISES) is a permanent service of the Federations ofAstronomical and Geophysical Data Analysis
Services (FAGS) under the support of theInternational Union of Radio Science (URSI) inassociation with the International Astronomical Union(IAU) and the International Union of Geodesy andGeophysics (IUGG).

2. Solar observations

Domestic solar observation sites

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Observations at NAOC

Huairou Solar Observing Station (Huairou Reservoir, Beijing )Solar Tower and Solar Telescope (FuxianLake, Yunnan)

China Solar Radio Heliograph(Mingantu, Inner Mongolia )6

Round-the-clock and high resolution full disk Hαimages (collaborations among solar observatories )1500 - 0000 UT

0600 - 1500UT

0100 - 0800 UTBBSO (USA)KSO (Austria),CAO (Italy)

YNAO, HSOS
(China)7

Solar Multi-Channel Telescope at Huairou, Beijing

Solar Multi-Channel Telescope and the observed magnetogram8

Data Observed by 0.7-7.6GHz broadband radio-spectrometers atHuairou, Beijing
9Solar Tower at Huxian Lake

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China Solar Radio
Heliograph(Mingantu, Inner

Mongolia )11

Sharing observational data with other institutes

Solar flux and imaging
observations from payloads on
FY series and other satellites

Shidao solar observatory(Shandong )12

3. Solar activities forecasting services

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Solar weather forecasting services at NAOC
 Short-term prediction (within 2 or 3 days)-- solar X-ray flare class within 2 days
(none, C, M, X)-- solar proton event probability within 3 days-- solar 10.7cm radio flux daily values within 3days
 Medium-term prediction (within 1 or 2 weeks)-- monthly mean sunspot number-- solar X-ray flare activity level
 Long-term prediction (in time scale of solar cycle)-- maximum value and phase of sunspot number
The daily solar activity forecasts are distributed both by webpages (http://rwcc.bao.ac.cn) and emails

Special services

Chinese first satellite mission (1970)

Shenzhou series of manned space flight

Chang’e series of moon exploration spacecraft

Researches on solar weather forecasting Currently available prediction models:-- solar flare short-term prediction models-- solar proton event short-term predictionmodel-- solar 10.7cm radio flux prediction model-- solar active longitude prediction model-- solar active level quantitative assessmentmodel-- solar 3-D coronal magnetic field NLFFF
extrapolation model Forecasting models in development:-- coronal mass ejection (CME) prediction
modelNew physical measures of magnetic field as input factor
for the flare and proton event prediction models
Maximum horizontal gradient

Active Region
NOAA 9574
2001-08-11 UT

Length of Neutral Line

Number of Singular Points

Physical measures reflect the complexities of the photospheric magnetic fieldNew artificial intelligence classifying algorithm for flareand proton events prediction models
Training samples
Testing samples
Physical parameters
Physical parameters
Magnetic complexity
Magnetic complexity

Training model

Artificial intelligence

TestResults
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Operational platforms for solar weather forecastingand distribution at NAOCOperational Platform

Application timeDistribution media

Supporting computer system

First generation

2001 – 2006

Web page

Simple database system anddata table; input observation
data by hand; run prediction
model by hand

Second generation

2006 – 2011

Web page; simple
English language page

Simple database system;complex data table; grab
observation data semiautomatically; prediction model
can be controlled by platform

Third generation(being developed)

2011 -Dynamic andInteractive web pages;
Complete English
language pages;
3-D computer
simulation interface

Dedicated database server;
Mass storage devices; grab andextract observation data
automatically; run prediction
model automatically; 3-D virtual
reality (VR) techniqueWeb interface of the 2nd generation
operational platforms ( in Chinese language)

Home page: http://rwcc.bao.ac.cn

Admin Interface

3-D computer simulation – Virtual-Sun

3-D Virtual Earth(Google Earth)3-D Virtual Sun

Virtual-Sun Client interface
menu
Date Label

3-Dvirtual
image ofthe Sun

Level/Class Representative Icons
For online experience (1996-2009 historical data), please visit: http://159.226.170.65/virtual-sun/4. Perspective Virtual-Sun
 Monitoring real time solar activities
 Running prediction models
 Presenting forecasting results

 New observations (possible) Deep-space solar observatory (DSO)
1 meter solar telescope at L1
 China Giant Solar Telescope (CGST)
8 meter ring mirror solar telescope
A new generation operational solar weather monitoring andforecasting system is expected to be constructed in the near
future at NAOC.

Thanks !

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