KS Bond Series

High-durability Epoxy Adhesive for Civil Engineering‫ﻻﺻﻖ إﻳﺒﻮﻛﺴﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﺎﻧﺔ ﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﺔ اﻟﻤﺪﻧﯿﺔ‬KS Bond ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬For repair or renovation of aging roads and airport facilities
Adhesive-assisted concrete overlay is a maintenance/repair/reinforcement method where adhesive is applied tothe surface of a steel floor base or existing concrete pavement before a new concrete layer is freshly cast on topof it. The adhesive composition is designed to maximize known adhesion characteristics between epoxy resinand a freshly cast concrete layer with improved fatigue and water resistance. In roadworks, the adhesiveassisted concrete overlay method is used for giving additional thickness to a reinforced-concrete floor base orproviding SFRC paving on top of a steel floor base. In airport projects, the method is mainly used for raising theapron paving height.

Salt blocking property

Durability

The following diagram shows the result of electrophoresis tests doneon our high-durability adhesives. It shows that use of our highdurability adhesive drastically improves the estimated time thatchloride concentration reaches 1.2 kg/m3 at the depth of 50 mm.

It is proven that application of our high-durability adhesive (0.3 to4.2 kg/m2) prevents interfacial failure even after 2 million loading
cycles in a water-immersed tensile fatigue test.

Penetrative KS Bond

KS Bond Type M

Penetrative KS Primer is a highly durable epoxy primer to be applied
before adhesive application. It soaks into micro-cracks in the concrete
to repair the damaged road base or strengthen other weak areas ofroadwork, contributing to greater fatigue resistance of partial roadrepair projects. Penetrative KS Bond is the general term for ouradhesive assisted concrete overlay technology where a Penetrative KS
Primer is applied in the amount of 0.5 kg/m2 or greater (the primersoaks deep into the structure as part of capillary action) before KS
Bond is applied in the amount of 0.9 kg/m2 or greater. It provides
dependable adhesion between the existing base and the concrete
overlay even when the base concrete has micro-cracks or otherinternal weakness. The Penetrative KS Bond method assures bothstrong penetration and reliable adhesion, hand-chipped section,
partial repairs, correction of micro-cracks and fissures.

KS Bond Type M is an adhesive series designed for large-area
projects such as airport concrete paving. KS Bond Type M takes
longer time to cure than standard KS Bond so that it allows 6 hours(at 20℃), instead of 2 hours that KS bond does (at the same
temperature), before a fresh concrete layer is cast on top of it.
With smartly controlled viscosity of the main and the curing agents,
they can be mechanically mixed and sprayed with the speciallydesigned bond spray machine.

Potential application: Finishing a separated paving.

KS Primer II is a series of rust-proofing primer
that is applied to the steel base before KS
Bond as a preparation for fresh concrete
overlay casting. KS Primer Ⅱ keeps the steel
base from rusting, both before KS Bond
application and also after concrete casting.

Micro-crack
Weak areaof theconcrete

KS Bond

Potential application: Airport paving, seaport yards, other largearea concrete paving projects

KS Primer II

Potential application: Steel floor base,reinforcement bars; the Primer satisfies therequirements for a rust-proof steel
reinforcement specified in NEXCO StructureManagement Procedure “Evaluation of Steel
Reinforcement Performance”).

KS Bond is a series of high-durability epoxy adhesive products
designed to assure that a freshly cast concrete layer bonds wellwith the steel or concrete base.
Potential application: SFRC on steel floor base, adding
thickness to a concrete floor base

KAJIMA ROAD CO., LTD.
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Reinforcement by SFRC BondUse of adhesive for permanently reinforcing bridge components(steel and concrete floor base)‫أﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﺋﻤﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻞ اﻟﺠﺴﻮر‬“SFRC Bond” ‫أﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﺔ‬Overview

NETIS registration: KT-090029-A

Crack occurrence mechanism

Recently, fatigue cracks have been observed in bridges with steel floor base,
many of which have been unexpectedly high levels of traffic loading, especiallyin the weld areas between the steel floor deck plate and the U-shaped ribs.
The main contributors to such fatigue cracking are the increased axis loadingand higher number of wheels of large vehicles, and the insufficient rigidity ofthe steel floor base to support such loading. “SFRC Paving on Steel Floor Base”is a method to permanently reinforce a steel floor base under concrete paving.
A “Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete” (SFRC) composition, which is produced bymixing steel fiber into the base concrete mix before concrete is cast andcompacted. Use of a special epoxy resin adhesive assures that the concrete
layer dependably bonds with the steel floor base, improving the overall baserigidity and also reducing distortion concentration in the weld areas. The
method is also useful for adding thickness to an existing concrete paving.

Deck plate

Car tireAsphalt paving

U-shaped rib

CrackCrack
Deck plate

U-shaped rib

Structure
Adhesive

CFRP grid reinforcement(applied to main girders)

SFRC
U-shaped rib

Main girder

Steel floor baseSince 1970s, U-shaped ribs have been the most commonly used longitudinalrib design in roadwork for their superior torsional rigidity.
FEM (finite-element method) based stress comparison in projected areas ofbox-girder steel floor base bridge construction before and after SFRC paving
revealed that an approximately 80% stress reduction can be obtained in theweld areas between the steel floor base and U-shape ribs under a 10-tonloading.

Material

Grid reinforcement

Steel fiber-reinforced concrete

Special adhesive “KS Bond”

Steel fiber-reinforced concrete (hereinafter “SFRC”)
is a composite material with steel fiber mixed into
the base concrete. It has a number of improved
post-cure characteristics compared to those of
conventional concrete composition. Conventional
concrete is resistant under compression stress but
is relatively weak to tensile, bending and shear
stresses. SFRC has an equivalent compression
strength to conventional concrete but also offers
greater tensile, bending and shear resistance. SFRC
is useful for maintaining road rigidity even withcracks in the concrete.

Our special adhesive series “KS Bond” is ahigh-durability adhesive designed for civilengineering applications. It exhibits very
little strength reduction in hot water spraytests (JIS K6857, Condition E) and resists
interfacial failures. KS Bond offers dependable
long-term adhesion and rustproofing effects
even with cracks or rainwater ingress.

KAJIMA ROAD CO., LTD.
http://www.kajimaroad.co.jp/en/

CFRP grid reinforcement
According to FEM (finite element method)based distortion analysis on the SFRCsurface, CFRP (carbon fiber-reinforcedplastic) grids are installed when necessary.
CFRP grid reinforcement helps maintainrigidity and load bearing of the road evenwith cracked concrete base.

Concrete Overlay Construction Method

to adjust inclination of concrete apron pavement in airports‫أﺳﻠﻮب إﻧﺸﺎء ﺗﺮاﻛﺐ اﻷﺳﻤﻨﺖ‬‫ﻟﻀﺒﻂ ﻣﯿﻞ طﺮق ﻣﻮاﻗﻒ اﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮات اﻷﺳﻤﻨﺘﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻄﺎرات‬Concrete overlay construction method with adhesives is a repair industrial methodthat spreads epoxide resin adhesives after the surface of the existing concrete isprocessed in the blast, places thin concrete (from 50 to 300mm in thickness) toadjust inclination of concrete apron pavement.
1. Structure (Three types of concrete overlay manner)
Bonded overlay type’s merits are thickness, speed of construction, less waste of materials andenvironmental friendliness.

1. Bonded overlay type

2. Separate type

3. Directly placing type

2. Material (The special epoxy adhesives for fresh concrete)
The KS bond-type M is epoxide resin
adhesives of the high endurance type tobond fresh concrete to the existing concrete.
It is possible to spray by using the specializedmachine with an automatic mixture of thebase resin and the curing agent.

3. Construction

Blasting

Spray machine

Spraying KSbond-type M

KS bond-type M

Placing concrete

Spreading concrete

KAJIMA ROAD CO., LTD.
http://www.kajimaroad.co.jp/en/

High endurance epoxide resin adhesives for fresh concretes

KS bond-type Mً‫ﻣﻮاد ﻻﺻﻘﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ راﺗﻨﺞ اﻹﻳﺒﻮﻛﺴﻲ ﻟﻸﺳﻤﻨﺖ اﻟﻤﺼﺒﻮب ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ‬M ‫اﻟﻨﻮع‬KS bond -4. Features of KS bond-type M

Performance of adhesion:
Interfacial tensile strength is more excellent than existing concretes because
there is little influence on stiffening of fresh concrete with epoxy resin.

Temperature range:
It is possible to construct within the range from
5 to 50℃.

Durability:
It has excellent durability for water,temperature, and cyclic loads.

Workability:
It is suitable for constructions of large
areas like the airport pavement.
5. Specification
Properties

Remarks

Base resin

White paste－

Curing agent

Blue liquid－

Ratio of mixtures(Base : Curing)

100 : 75

Weight ratio

Specific gravity

1.40±0.20

JIS K 7112

Compressive strength

50N/mm2

JIS K 7181

Stiffness coefficient

1000N/mm2

JIS K 7181

Shear strength

10N/mm2JIS K 6850

Bond strength

1.6N/mm2

JIS K 6909

Machine

Flat：0.88kg / m²
Ruggedness：1.11kg / m²

Loss rate 10%

By hand

Flat：1.47kg / m²
Ruggedness：1.91kg / m²

Loss rate 5%

Appearance

SpreadamountKAJIMA ROAD CO., LTD.

http://www.kajimaroad.co.jp/en/