令和2年度 持続可能社会創造ユニット研究成果報告書 目次
化学研究所
木質バイオマスからのアルツハイマー病治療薬候補化合物群の直接合成
Direct Synthesis of Alzheimer’s Drug Candidates from Woody Biomass
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・PINCELLA Francesca

3

新規含典型元素材料開発のための基礎•基盤技術の確立
Establishment of Basic Technologies for Developing Novel Materials Containing Main Group Elements
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・行本 万里子

5

ラマン分光法による環境調和型有機フッ素コーティング剤の簡易分析法の構築
Development of Raman spectroscopic technique for analyzing organofluorine materials
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・下赤 卓史

7

自己集合性ワクチンアジュバント
Self-Assembling Vaccine Adjuvants
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・上杉 志成

9・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・小西 哲之

11エネルギー理工学研究所
ネガティブカーボン経済
Negative Carbon Economy

農村に適した再エネ電力貯蔵法の開発
Development of Renewable Energy Power Storage Method Suitable for Rural Areas
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・野平 俊之

13

生存圏研究所
熱帯荒廃草原の植生回復と資源生産に基づく炭素隔離
Energy production, material production and carbon sequestration
through revegetation of deteriorated grasslands
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・梅澤 俊明

15

福島県における環境放射能解析および環境回復のための連携研究
Environmental Radioactivity Analysis and Collaborative Research in Fukushima
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・上田 義勝

17

先進環境調和型バイオエタノール生産シナリオの創成
Develop an advanced eco-friendly scenario for bioethanol production
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Sadat M. R. Khattab

23

5種類の熱帯早生樹からの木材の触媒急速熱分解によるグリーン芳香族化合物の生産
Production of Green Aromatics through Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Woodfrom Five Tropical Fast Growing Trees Species
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Joko Sulistyo

- 1-

27

防災研究所
豪雨に伴う土砂災害に対する地域レジリエンスの向上のための実効的斜面ハザード評価ツールの確立と供出

Development of an assessment tool for hillslope hazards by heavy rainfall: toward resilient local society
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・松四 雄騎29

網状流路河川周辺の都市の持続的な発展のための最適な河川整備の検討
Suitable river regulation work for sustainable development of cities around braided rivers
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・竹林 洋史

31

スマトラ島の熱帯湿潤流域を対象にした洪水・火災リスクに対する温暖化適応策
Climate Change Adaptations for Flood and Fire Risks in Humid Tropical River Basins in Sumatra Island
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・佐山 敬洋

33

東南アジア地域研究研究所
熱帯泥炭地における災害および水文・気象情報の活用
Utilization of Disasters and Hydro-meteorological Information in Tropical Peatland
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・甲山 治

35

アジアの宗教伝統と持続可能性:歴史的遺産と法律的課題
Religious Traditions and Sustainability in Asia: Historical Legacies and Legal Issues
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Matteo Miele

39

インドネシアでの薬物依存症に対する遠隔認知行動療法の実施可能性
Feasibility of tele-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for substance use disorders
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・山田 千佳

41

地球環境学堂石炭投資撤退運動・ESG投資の金融・産業の行動変容と気候変動業績の変化
Coal Divestment, ESG investments and Behavioral Changes in Financial Institutions and Industries
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・森 晶寿

47

経済研究所
世代間衡平性の理論
A Theory of Intergenerational Equity
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・Bruno Strulovici

49

学術情報メディアセンター
電力パケットネットワークによるスマートエネルギーマネジメント
Smart Energy Management via Power Packet Network
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・中野 博樹

- 2-

51

ᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࠿ࡽࡢ
࢔ࣝࢶࣁ࢖࣐࣮⑓἞⒪⸆ೃ⿵໬ྜ≀⩌ࡢ┤᥋ྜᡂ
Direct Synthesis of Alzheimer’s Disease Drug Candidates from Woody Biomassࣆࣥࢳ࢙ࣛ ࣇࣛࣥࢳ࢙ࢫ࢝☾ᓮ ຾ᘯ୰ᮧ ṇ἞Ώ㎶㝯ྖ㡑 ❧཭ᐑᆏ ▱ᏹ⯚ᮏ ⪽
Francesca PINCELLA 1, Katsuhiro ISOZAKI 1, Masaharu NAKAMURA 1, Takashi
WATANABE 2, Liyou HAN 3, Tomohiro MIYASAKA 4, and Satoru FUNAMOTO 4
1 ி㒔኱Ꮫ࣭໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
2 ி㒔኱Ꮫ࣭⏕Ꮡᅪ◊✲ᡤThe Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University
3 ி㒔኱Ꮫ࣭ᅜ㝿㧗➼ᩍ⫱㝔Institute for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kyoto University
4 ྠᚿ♫኱Ꮫ ⏕࿨་⛉Ꮫ㒊
Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University

Effective and practical use of woody biomass is a crucial chemical technology to shape our future society in asustainable green humanosphere, which is free from the extravagant consumption of fossil energy and material
resources. The ultimate goal of the proposed research is the synthesis of high-value-added bioactive compounds via
microwave-assisted one-pot conversion of woody biomass, specifically the lignin in wood. To pursue this project,
we gather a new interdisciplinary and international research team from the fields of chemical-, wood- and biosciences and technologies.
Key Words : lignin, Alzheimer, drug discovery, green chemistry, woody biomass.

1. Introduction
Lignocellulosic biomass has emerged as a possible alternative renewable source for the production of chemicals andfuels.[1,2] Specifically, lignin, a key constituent (20–30%) of lignocellulose, is the most abundant aromatic biomass onearth and could serve as a renewable feedstock for the production of high value-added aromatic chemicals(pharmaceuticals, organic electronic materials, etc..). Furthermore, considering the increased interest in cellulose assource of biofuel and the consequent increase in lignin production as a byproduct of the biofuel industry, it is of theoutmost importance to devise a strategy to make full use of this promising aromatic biopolymer and develop new routes
to obtain chemicals, drugs and functional materials directly from the main products of lignin degradation. Recently, we
have successfully pursued the direct conversion of wood to functional imidazole derivatives by microwave-assisted onepot conversion via diketone intermediates (Scheme 1). Based on their structure, the obtained imidazole compounds were
flagged for their promising biological activity and preliminary tests confirmed the efficacy of some of these derivatives
as tau aggregation inhibitors, which suggests that they could be effective drugs for Alzheimer’s disease. Considering the
aforementioned results, we will explore new chemical routes to synthesize a variety of wood-derived high-value added
compounds and pursue the systematical investigation of their bioactivity towards the development of sustainable andcost-efficient pharmaceutical drugs for a more sustainable future of our society.
Scheme 1

003

- 3-

2. Current results

Table 1O

Imidazole synthesis from woodR

Through the ongoing collaboration between Watanabe andNakamura groups, we have developed a new and highly
selective method for the direct conversion of lignin to aromatic
diketones 3 and 4 by microwave-assisted reaction. The
diketone produced in the microwave assisted reaction could
then be converted to imidazole compounds in a one-pot twosteps reaction. This reaction afforded S-type phenylsubstituted imidazole 3 in 1.7% yield based on all lignin
monomer units (Scheme 1).

Me
O

HO

3. Plans

AcOH
MW, 180 °C, 5 min

OMe

R'
N
R

Me

HO

CompoundR

R'

yield (%)

3
4
5
6
7
8

OMe
H
OMe
OMe
OMe
OMe

Ph
Ph
4-ClPh
4-HOPh
3-MeO-4-OHPh
2-thiophenyl

64 (84)a63
96
66 (95)a
96
60

a1

NH

OMe
3 R=OMe,
4 R=H

1 R=OMe,
2 R=H

Imidazole synthesis from diketone
In order to explore the bioactivity of various wood-derived
compounds, we have synthesized an extensive library of
imidazole compounds via microwave-assisted reactions withdiketone as starting material, see Table 1. The standard
reaction condition using S-type diketone 1 and 1 equivalent of
benzaldehyde, 10 equivalent of ammonium acetate in acetic
acid gave 84% NMR yield of the target imidazole compound
3. More than 20 imidazoles (not shown) were successfully
synthesized in good to excellent yield, and a small batch ofthese imidazoles (compounds 3-8) have already been tested fortheir inhibitory activity towards tau aggregation. Briefly,
recombinant tau protein is co-incubated with candidate
compounds from woody biomass. The aggregations of tau andthe inhibitory effects of the candidates on protein-aggregate
are monitored by Thioflavin-T fluorescence, as shown in Fig.
1. The preliminary tests suggested that compound 6 and 7
possess the highest inhibitory activity towards tau aggregation,
which means that they are promising candidate drugs for
Alzheimer’s disease prevention.

R'CHO (1 eq)
NH4OAc (10 eq)

H NMR yield.

Figure 1 Inhibition of Tau aggregation, Means ± SE,
Sample vs. DW hep+, ANOVA, F(15, 47) =31.77, Tukey (* p < 0.001).

Based on these considerations, we will work on the systematical investigation of the biological activity and potential
applications of the compounds obtained directly from woody biomass transformation. At first, we will focus on
expanding the library of compounds obtained from diketone 1 based on the results of the preliminary studies, withparticular attention devoted to compounds rich in hydroxy groups. We will also verify the solubility of the target
compounds in saline solutions and optimize the experimental conditions for the bioactivity studies (e.g. ensure no
fluorescence interference in the assay studies). Alongside these efforts, we will attempt to increase the overall yield of
the wood to imidazole reaction by screening different catalysts, and by engineering the nanocatalyst surface with ligninrecognizing peptides to improve the reaction selectivity.
The new compounds will then be tested for their biological activity towards the prevention of dementia by in vitro
analysis of tau and amyloid-ȕDJJUHJDWLRQIn vivo assays might also be helpful to shed the light on the true bioactivityof these compounds, since natural enzymes are known to be able to demethylate the methoxy group to give a hydroxygroup and compounds with two adjacent hydroxy groups on the phenyl ring (catechol moiety) have been found to bevery promising for anti-tau aggregation.

References
1) Cronin, D.J.; Dunn K.; Zhang X.; Doherty W.O.S. Relating Dicarboxylic Acids to Residual Lignin Structural Features, ACS
Sustainable Chem. Eng. 2017, 5, 11695–11705.
2) Kleinert M.; Barth T. Towards a Lignocellulosics Biorefinery: Direct One-Step Conversion of Lignin to Hydrogen-Enriched
Biofuel, Energy Fuels 2008, 22, 1371–1379.

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- 4-

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68


Establishment of Basic Technologies for Developing Novel Materials
Containing Main Group Elements
ā¹ Tġ1, ïÈ âÙ2, ³] q1
Mariko YUKIMOTO1, Mao MINOURA2, Norihiro TOKITOH1
1[Ğ  oäê¢
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University2ì¬  Øĝoè
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Rikkyo University

Keto-enol tautomerization reaction is one of the most important concept in organic chemistry. However,tautomerization has never been explored for the so-called heavy ketones and amides due to the difficulty in thesynthesis and steric protection of reactive heavy carbonyl bonds (double-bond compounds between heavier group 14
and 16 elements). In this research, we designed a methylene-substituted bulky aryl groups, TbtCH2 group, andapplied it to the synthesis of highly reactive germanium compounds. The methylene-substituted germylene bearing
bulky aryl group and the corresponding heavy ketones having alpha-hydrogen were obtained as stable compounds. In
addition, we synthesized aminogermylene bearing Tbb group and adamantyl amino group for the precursor oftautomerizable heavy germaamide.
Key Words: Highly Reactive Species; Steric protection; X-ray Crystal Structural AnalysisCB Ãó4¶17MFBMovÓđZÝos$¶Ào"1Ģą!¹½#S0Ù`hýÑÜ!
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H C
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Ge H
Ge SiMe
Me3Si
Me3Si
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Me3Si
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Me3Si
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Br

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Ge
Tbb

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H
Br

5

KHMDS

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SiMe3

Me3Si
Me3Si

SiMe3

Ge
Tbb
6

Tbb

Ad = 1-Adamantyl

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1Ģ 9@Pĭ4Í!~`1\$ZÝos#¼ĉ-Ģ 5MA
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1) Sasamori, T.; Sugiyama, Y.; Takeda, N.; Tokitoh, N. Structure and Properties of an Overcrowded 1,2-Dibromodigermene,
Organometallics 2005, 24, 3309-3314; Sasamori, T.; Sugahara, T.; Agou, T.; Guo, J.-D.; Nagase, S.; Streubel, R.; Tokitoh, N.,
Synthesis and Characterization of a 1,2-Digermabenzene, Organometallics 2015, 34, 2106-2109.

006

- 6-

Development of Raman spectroscopic technique for analyzing organofluorine materials
1



2



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1

Takafumi SHIMOAKA 1, Masashi SONOYAMA 2 and Takeshi HASEGAWA 1
1
2

ICR, Kyoto University
Faculty of Science and Technology, Gunma University

The molecular aggregation in the surface of a microcrystal of perfluoroalkane was investigated by Raman microscope
spectroscopy. When a microcrystal has a smooth surface, some of Raman-active bands assigned to non-totallysymmetric vibration modes totally disappeared. By considering the optical configuration used in this study and theselection rule of the vibration mode of the disappeared bands, the molecules about the crystal surface are found to beoriented in a standing manner, which is consistent with the SDA theory.
Key Words: Organic fluorine compounds, SDA theory, Molecular orientation, Raman spectroscopy

Rf
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Rf
(1)C–F

(2)

2

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1
1, 2)

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SDA

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n = 3 5 Rf
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Hasegawa, T., Shimoaka, T., Shioya, N., Morita, K., Sonoyama, M., Takagi, T., Kanamori, T.: Stratified Dipole-Arrays Model
Accounting for Bulk Properties Specific to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds, ChemPlusChem, Vol. 79 (10), pp. 1421̽1425, 2014
Hasegawa, T.: Physicochemical Nature of Perfluoroalkyl Compounds Induced by Fluorine, Chem. Rec., Vol. 17, pp. 903-917,
2017
Kise, R., Fukumi, A., Shioya, N., Shimoaka, T., Sonoyama, M., Amii, H., Takagi, T., Kanamori, T., Eda, K., Hasegawa, T.:
Fluorous Property of a Short Perfluoroalkyl-Containing Compound Realized by Self-Assembled Monolayer Technique on a
Silicon Substrate, Bull. Chem. Soc. J. Vol. 92, pp. 785-789, 2019
Rabolt, J. F., Fanconi, B.: Raman Scattering from Finite Polytetrafluoroethylene Chains and a Highly Oriented TFE-HFP
Copolymer Monofilament, Macromolecules, Vol. 11, 740-745, 1978



008

- 8-

⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺ
Self-Assembling Vaccine Adjuvantsୖᮡ ᚿᡂ1, ࣃࢵࢡ࢘ࢵࢻ ࢲࢽ࢚ࣝ2, ᒣᓮ ᬗ3, ▼஭ ೺4
Motonari UESUGI 1, Daniel PACKWOOD 2, Sho YAMASAKI 3, Ken ISHII 4
1 ி㒔኱Ꮫ ໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
2 ி㒔኱Ꮫ 㧗➼◊✲㝔
Kyoto University Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University
3 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣭ᚤ⏕≀⑓◊✲ᡤ
Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University
4 ᮾி኱Ꮫ࣭་⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤThe Institute of Medical Science, Professor, The University of Tokyo
Immune potentiators, termed adjuvants, trigger early innate immune responses to ensure the generation of robust andlong-lasting adaptive immune responses of vaccines. This project leverages a concept of material sciences called “selfassembly” for the development of a novel vaccine adjuvant. We discovered a simple small molecule named cholicamide
whose nanoassembly potently elicited innate immune responses in cells and served as a vaccine adjuvant in animals.
Key Words : Chemical biology, self-assembly, vaccine adjuvants, immune receptorsᗎㄽ࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡣឤᰁ⑕ࢆண㜵ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᭱ࡶⰋ࠸་Ꮫⓗ௓ධࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⑌ᝈࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ⑓ཎయ࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿᙅẘ໬࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡣࠊ୺࡟⮬↛ච␿࡜㐺ᛂච␿ࡢ୧᪉ࡢ཯ᛂࢆ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟่⃭ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊຠᯝⓗ࡞࣡ࢡࢳࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚స⏝ࡍࡿࠋᙅẘ໬࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ຠᯝⓗ࡞ឤᰁ⑕ண㜵ࡢᡭẁ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ⮬య࡟⑓ཎᛶࡀṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ឤᰁ⑕ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍ༴㝤ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᏳ඲㠃࡟࠾࠸࡚ᨵၿࡢవᆅࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢၥ㢟ⅬࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟⑓ཎయࡢᢠཎ࡜࡞ࡿ㒊ศࡔࡅࢆ࡜ࡾࡔࡋ
ࡓࢧࣈࣘࢽࢵࢺ࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࠊ⮫ᗋⓗ࡟ᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࢧࣈࣘࢽࢵ
ࢺ࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡣ༑ศ࡞ච␿ཎᛶࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ༑ศ࡞ච␿ᛂ⟅ࢆㄏᑟࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥ
ࢺ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᢠཎᛶ⿵ᙉ๣࡜ࡢే⏝ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟࢔࣒ࣛࡸỈ୰Ἔᆺ࢚࣐ࣝࢩࣙࣥ
࡞࡝ࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᩘࡀ㝈ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᪂⯆࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ຠᯝⓗ࡞࣡ࢡࢳࣥࢆ‽ഛࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺࡢࣞࣃ࣮ࢺ࣮ࣜࢆቑࡸࡍࡇ࡜ࡀᛴົ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍⯡࡟ࠊච␿ᛂ⟅࡜࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺάᛶ࡟ࡣࠊศᏊࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀ㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⮬Ⓨⓗ࡟㞟ྜࡋ࡚ᕧ኱໬ࡍࡿ
ࠕ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᮦᩱ໬Ꮫࡢᴫᛕࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢘࢖ࣝࢫࢆᶍೌࡍࡿ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺᮦᩱࢆⓎぢࡋࡓࠋࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡢⓎぢ◊✲ᐊࡀ᭷ࡍࡿ໬ྜ≀ࣛ࢖ࣈ࣮ࣛࣜ7୓ಶ࠿ࡽ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ໬ྜ≀ࢆ㞟ࡵࡓ໬ྜ≀ࣛ࢖ࣈ࣮ࣛࣜࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࡓࠋච␿่⃭స⏝ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶᑠศᏊࢆⓎぢࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶ໬ྜ≀ࢆࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ࣐ࢡࣟࣇ࢓࣮ࢪ⣽⬊࡛࠶ࡿRaw 264.7࡟ῧຍࡋ࡚IL-6ࡢ⏘⏕㔞ࢆELISA Assay࡟ࡼࡾᐃ㔞ࡋࠊIL-6⏘⏕ࢆㄏᑟࡍࡿ໬ྜ≀ࡢ᥈⣴ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊIL-6⏘⏕ㄏᑟ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࣮ࣜ
ࢻ໬ྜ≀ࢆⓎぢࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ໬ྜ≀ࡣ⣽⬊ᇵ㣴ᾮ୰࡛࢘࢖ࣝࢫ≧ࡢ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜయࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⢏Ꮚᚄࡣ⣙200 nm࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀືⓗගᩓ஘ἲ࡟ࡼࡿ⢏Ꮚᚄ ᐃ࠾ࡼࡧࢡࣛ࢖࢜㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓほᐹ࡟ࡼࡾ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ ࣮ࣜࢻ໬ྜ≀ࡢ᭷ᶵྜᡂᒎ㛤࡟ࡼࡾᵓ㐀᭱㐺໬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ࣮ࣜࢻ໬ྜ≀ࡼࡾࡶ㧗࠸άᛶࢆࡶࡘ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶ໬ྜ≀ࢆⓎぢࡋࠊࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻ࡜ྡ௜ࡅࡓ1)ࠋࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡀỈ୰࡟࠾࠸࡚⣙150 nmࡢ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜయࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࠊ♧ᕪ㉮ᰝᆺ㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾࠾ࡼࡧࢡࣛ࢖࢜㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾࡟ࡼࡾ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ

009

- 9-

ࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡢస⏝ࡢ⌮ゎࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡣ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟࡞ࡾࡍࡲࡋ࡚ච␿⣽⬊ࢆάᛶ໬ࡍࡿࠋࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡣỈ୰࡛⮬ᕫ㞟ྜࡋ࡚࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟ఝࡓ኱ࡁࡉ࡜ᙧ≧࡟࡞ࡾࠊᶞ≧⣽⬊㸦ᢠཎᥦ♧ච␿⣽⬊㸧࡟࢚ࣥࢻࢧ࢖ࢺ࣮ࢩ
ࢫ࡛ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࠊ࢚ࣥࢻࢯ࣮࣒࡟࠶ࡿToll-like receptor 7㸦TLR7㸧࡜࠸࠺࢘࢖ࣝࢫཷᐜయ࡟ㄆ㆑ࡉ
ࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ࢚ࣥࢻࢯ࣮࣒TLRࡣ࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨࡸࢥࣟࢼ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡞࡝ࡢRNA࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡢ୰㌟࡟
࠶ࡿRNAࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿࠋࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻ㞟ྜయ࡟ࡣRNAࡣྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻ㞟ྜయࡀ
TLR7࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾࠊࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡣTLR7࡟
┤᥋┦஫స⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ⫹Ồ㓟ࡸࡑࡢ௦ㅰ≀ࡀᢠཎᥦ♧ච␿⣽⬊ࡢTLR7࡟┤᥋⤖ྜࡋࠊRNA࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡬ࡢឤᗘࢆኚㄪࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡢ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺάᛶ
ࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡢ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺάᛶࡢホ౯ࢆ࣐࢘ࢫ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻ࡜ඹ࡟࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥ
ࢨࢫࣉࣜࢵࢺ࣡ࢡࢳࣥࢆ࣐࢘ࢫ࡟ึ᪥࡜14᪥ᚋࡢ஧ᅇᢞ୚ࡋࠊึᅇᢞ୚࠿ࡽ21᪥ᚋ࡟⾑Ύࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࠊᢠ࣐࣊ࢢࣝࢳࢽࣥ≉␗ᢠయ౯ࡢᐃ㔞ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡣࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝ⩌࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊ㧗࠸IgG⏘⏕ࢆㄏᑟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⮫ᗋ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࢔࣒ࣛ࡟༉ᩛ
ࡍࡿࠊIgG⏘⏕ㄏᑟ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ ࢖ࣥࣇ࢚ࣝࣥࢨ࡟ᑐࡍࡿឤᰁண㜵ຠᯝࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ᥋✀ᚋࡢ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ࢖ࣥࣇࣝ
࢚ࣥࢨ࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟ឤᰁࡉࡏࠊࡑࡢᚋࡢ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࢆ3㐌㛫࡟Ώࡗ࡚ㄪ࡭ࡇ࡜࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻ࡜ඹ࡟࣡ࢡࢳࣥᢞ୚ࡉࢀࡓ࣐࢘ࢫࡣࠊ⮫ᗋ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ࢔࣒ࣛ
࡜ඹ࡟࣡ࢡࢳࣥᢞ୚ࡉࢀࡓ࣐࢘ࢫࡼࡾࡶ㧗࠸⏕Ꮡ⋡ࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖
ࢻࡀ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ᶵ⬟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

ᮍ㋃⛉Ꮫ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢព⩏࡜SDGs࡬ࡢ㈉⊩ࢥ࣐ࣜ࢝࢖ࢻࡣࠊୖᮡࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ⊂⮬໬ྜ≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶ໬ྜ≀ࣛ࢖ࣈ࣮ࣛࣜࢆୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚⏕≀◊✲┠ⓗ࡟ᵓ⠏ࡋࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽୡ⏺࡟ඛ㥑ࡅ࡚⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺࢆⓎぢࡋࡓࠋᕤᴗ໬ྍ⬟࡞༢⣧࡞ᵓ㐀ࢆࡶࡘࠋ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᛶ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᕤᴗ໬࡛ࡁࡿ༢⣧ᵓ㐀࡜㧗࠸ຠᯝࡢ୧᪉ࡀ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ࡀ♫఍ᐇ⿦ࡉࢀࢀࡤࠊSDGsࡢどⅬࢆྵࡵࡓࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ
ࣝ࡞Ἴཬຠᯝࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
Ɣ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜᑠศᏊ໬ྜ≀࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ඲ࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡋࡓࠋ⮬ᕫ㞟ྜ໬ྜ≀ࡣᮦᩱ໬Ꮫ࡛άⓎ࡟◊✲ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ᪥ᮏࡀᙉ࠸ศ㔝ࠋᮏ◊✲ࡀ♫఍ᐇ⿦ࡉࢀࢀࡤࠊྠᵝࡢ᪉ἲ࡛࢔
ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺᮦᩱࡀḟࠎ࡜Ⓨぢࡉࢀࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ
Ɣ࣏ࢫࢺࢥࣟࢼࡢ᫬௦࡛ࡶࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞᪂⯆࢘࢖ࣝࢫࡀḟࠎ࡜ฟ⌧ࡍࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ௒ᅇࡢࢥࣟࢼ⚝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࡑࡢ㒔ᗘ࣡ࢡࢳࣥࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࠊ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺࡀ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ᡂᯝࡀඛᑟࡋ࡚ࠊᵝࠎ࡞࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࢀࡤࠊ᪂⯆࢘࢖ࣝࢫ࡟᭱㐺࠿ࡘᏳ౯࡞࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺࢆ㑅ᢥ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ
࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋⓎᒎ㏵ୖᅜࢆྵࡵࡓࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ♫఍࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿ࡜ᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
Ɣ௒ᅇࡢࢥࣟࢼ࣡ࢡࢳࣥ࡟ࡣ୺࡟ࢫࢡ࢔ࣞࣥࡀ࢔ࢪࣗࣂࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢫࢡ࢔ࣞࣥ
ࡣ୺࡟ࢧ࣓ࡢ⫢Ἔ࠿ࡽ⢭〇ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢧ࣓ࡀᯤῬࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ༴᝹ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᏶඲ྜᡂရ࡛ࢫ
ࢡ࢔ࣞࣥࢆ௦࡛᭰ࡁࡿ࡜኱ࡁ࡞⤒῭ຠᯝࢆ⏕ࡳࠊ⏕≀⎔ቃಖ඲࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) Jin, S., Vu, H., Hioki, K., Noda, N., Yoshida, H., Shimane, T., Ishizuka, S., Takashima, I., Mizuhata, Y., Pe, K.,
Ogawa, T., Nishimura, N., Packwood, D., Tokitoh, N., Kurata, H., Yamasaki, S., Ishii, K., Uesugi, M.: Discovery of
Self-Assembling Small Molecules as Vaccine Adjuvants, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 60(2), 961-969 (2021).

010- 10 -

ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮࢝࣎ࣥ⤒῭
Negative Carbon Economyᑠす ဴஅ1㸪ᱵ⃝ ಇ᫂2㸪᳃ᬗᑑ3㸪࣐ࣁ࣒ࢻ ࣂࢡࣝ࢔ࣛࣅ1, ྥ஭ၨ௓1ࠊඵᮌ㔜㑻1Satoshi KONISHI1, Toshiaki UMEZAWA2, Akihisa MORI3, Mahmoud BakrArabi,1Keisuke Mukai1, and Juro YAGI1

ி㒔኱Ꮫ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲ᡤGraduate School of XXXXXXXXXXX, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ ⏕Ꮡᅪ◊✲ᡤResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University3ி㒔኱Ꮫ ᆅ⌫⎔ቃᏛᇽ1

Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

The energy-material cycle to turn over the total carbon balance to negative is investigated as an interdisciplinary
study in the Unit. As the scientific and technical approach, deployment of gramineous plants that yields carbon richbiomass for revegetation of deteriorated grass. Advanced energy technology such as nuclear, renewable and fusion isused for the conversion of lingo-cellulose to biochar, carbon-free fuels and various organic materials. Biochar isregarded as isolated carbon from the atmosphere and can be stored for extremely long period stably at high density.
Produced “Negative carbon” can be traded as credit and generate a flow of value chain from industrial area where
human activities emit carbon dioxide to developing countries to promote sustainable economic development.
Key Words : biomass, energy, fusion, carbon isolation, emission credit, gasification, endothermic reaction㸯㸬◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗ ࡇࡢ◊✲ࡣ 2019ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ⏕Ꮡᇶ┙ᒎ㛤ࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚ぢฟࡉࢀࡓே㢮ࡢ㛗ᮇⓗᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞⏕Ꮡྍ⬟ᛶࡢၥ㢟ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ⏘ᴗ㠉࿨࡟ࡣࡌࡲࡿ㧗ᗘᡂ㛗♫఍ࡇࡑࡀே㢮ࡢ㛵୚ࡍࡿᆅ⌫ࡢⅣ⣲ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࣇࣟ
࣮ࡀᐃᖖゎࡢ㝈⏺ࢆ㉸࠼ࠊ࣮࢝࣎ࣥࣂࢪ࢙ࢵࢺࡢᯤῬࡀ⌧௦ᩥ᫂ࡢᑑ࿨ࢆไ⣙ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ࡟ලయⓗ࡞ゎỴࢆᥦ♧ࡋࠊࡑࡢ♫఍ᐇ⿦ࢆࡣ࠿ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆពᅗࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋṔྐⓗ࡞࣮࢝࣎ࣥࣂࢪ࢙ࢵࢺࡢᯤῬ࡜ẚ㍑ⓗ㏆ᮍ᮶ࢫࢥ࣮ࣉࡢ SDG㹱ࠊࣃࣜ༠ᐃ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃపⅣ⣲໬ᅽຊࡣࠊ኱Ẽ୰஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࡢ᤼ฟ๐ῶࡢࡳ࡛࡞ࡃࠊṇ࿡࡛ࡢᅇ཰࡟ࡼࡿ࣐࢖ࢼࢫ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮࡟ே㢮ࡢ⤒῭άືࡀྥ࠿࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆせồࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋࠊே㢮ࡢ⏕Ꮡࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≀㉁ᚠ⎔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᣢ⥆ᛶࢆᅇ᚟ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ᪉⟇࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᰾⼥ྜ➼ࡢඛ㐍࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡜ࣂ࢖࢜
࣐ࢫ⏕⏘ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ኱Ẽ୰ࡢ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࢆᅛᙧⅣ⣲࡜ࡋ࡚㛗ᮇᅛᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ
㏵ୖᅜࡢ⎔ቃᅇ᚟࡜⏘ᴗ⫱ᡂ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊே㢮ࡢᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞Ⓨᒎࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡋࠊᆅ⌫ࡢⅣ⣲཰ᨭࢆ㏫㌿ࡍࡿኊ኱࡞ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋᮏࣘࢽࢵࢺࡢ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢ⎔ቃᨻ⟇ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࠊ⏕≀࣭㎰Ꮫࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⛉Ꮫࢆ」ྜࡋࡓࠕ⥳ᆅ෌⏕‫ڸ‬஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲྾཰ߥඛ㐍࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᑟධߥ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲㝸㞳ࠖࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᏛ㝿ⓗ࡞᳨ウࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚⌧௦࠿ࡽᩘⓒᖺࡢ᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࠊᆅᇦࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࠿ࡽᆅ⌫つᶍࠊே㢮඲య࡟ࢃࡓࡿᵝࠎ࡞࣐ࣝࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝᛶࢆᣢࡕࠊලయⓗ࡟ᐇ᪋ྍ⬟࡞⤒῭άືࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋ㸰㸬◊✲ィ⏬࡜᪉ἲ ᚑ᮶ࡢࠊ໬▼⇞ᩱࡢ⏕⏘ᾘ㈝ࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ୙ྍ㑊ⓗ࡟࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢆ᤼ฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᡂ❧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⏘ᴗ㠉࿨௨㝆ࡢே㢮ࡢ⤒῭άືࢆࠊ㏫࡟ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࢚࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࢆᅇ཰ᅛᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㍈࡟ࡋࡓ⤒῭άື࡬࡜㌿᥮ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢ࣮࢟࡜࡞ࡿᢏ⾡࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮࢝࣎ࣥ௬᝿㏻㈌ࡢᴫᛕࢆᑟධࡍࡿࠋ᭱ึ
ࡢ౯್๰ฟࡣ࠶ࡽࡺࡿගྜᡂస≀ࡢ⫱ᡂࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㎰ᯘᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ≉࡟ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ⤒῭άື࡛኱㔞࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓⲨᗫⲡཎࠊ◁₍໬ᆅᇦ࡞࡝ࡢ㎰ᆅ࣭ᯘᆅ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟సฟࡉࢀࡓ㧗⏕⏘ᛶస≀࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⾜࠺ࠋ≉
࡟㏵ୖᅜࡢ㎰ᆅ࣭ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ⏕⏘ᆅ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࡣࠊᆅᇦ⤒῭࣭ᆅᇦఫẸࡢάᛶ໬ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࠊᅜෆᡤᚓ᱁ᕪ࣭
ᆅᇦᡤᚓ᱁ᕪࡢ᫝ṇࠊୡ⏺ࡢኳ↛ᯘఆ᥇㊧ᆅࡢ⎔ቃᅇ᚟ࡸᅜᐙ㛫ࡢබṇ࣭⾮ᖹ࡞㈨※ศ㓄࡜┦஫฼┈☜ಖ࡟
011- 11 -

㈨ࡍࡿࠋ㧗⏕⏘ᛶࡢ࢖ࢿ⛉ⲡᮏࠊ≉࡟ࣜࢢࢽࣥྵ᭷㔞ࡢከ࠸స≀ࡢᑟධࡣࠊ኱ࡁ࡞஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࢩࣥࢡ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋ኱㔞ࡢࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ⏕⏘࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ㟂せࢆྠ᫬࡟๰ฟࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᕤᏛⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ໬▼㈨※࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀࢮ࢚࣑ࣟࢵࢩࣙࣥ໬ࡍࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞Ᏻᐃⓗࢧࣉࣛ࢖ࢳ࢙࣮ࣥࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣᛴ㏿࡞෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᑟධࡣ㟁ຊࢢࣜࢵࢻࡢ⬤ᙅ໬࡜୙Ᏻᐃᛶࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࠊ
ࡲࡓ㟁ຊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⇞ᩱ࡜⇕౪⤥࡜ࡢᩚྜᛶࢆᦆ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ෌࢚ࢿవ๫㟁ຊࡸඛ㐍ཎᏊຊࠊᑗ᮶
ⓗ࡟᰾⼥ྜࡀᵓᡂࡍࡿࡢࡣప࣐࣮ࢪࢼࣝࢥࢫࢺࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㟁ຊࡢᏳᐃ࡞ࢧࣉࣛ࢖ࢳ࢙࣮ࣥ࡜ࠊ᫬㛫ⓗ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࡢ྾཰࡛ࡁࡿࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡢⅣ໬࣭࢞ࢫ໬ࡣᴟࡵ࡚኱ࡁ࡞྾⇕㔞ࢆᣢࡕࠊᅇ཰ࡉࢀࡓ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࢆᮌⅣࡢᙧ࡛Ọ⥆ⓗ࡟Ẽయࡢ 1000 ಸࡢᐦᗘ࡛ᚠ⎔⣔࠿ࡽ㝸㞳ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ๪⏕≀࡟ࡣࠊ࢞ࢫᡂศ࠿ࡽỈ⣲ࡸࣇ࢕ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢺࣟࣉࢵࢩࣗྜᡂ࡟ࡼࡿ▼Ἔ௦᭰⇞ᩱ〇ရࢆ〇㐀ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ⏕⏘࠿ࡽࠊ኱㔞ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ၟရ࡜ṇ࿡࡛ࡢࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮࢝࣎ࣥ
౯್ࡀ๰ฟࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡣࡑࢀ௨๓࡟㧗௜ຍ౯್ࡢࣂ࢖࢜ࣜࣇ࢓࢖ࢼࣜ̿ཎᩱ࡟⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࡲࡓࡇࡢ࣮࢝࣎ࣥ㈨※ࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟㒔ᕷࡸ㎰ᴗ࡞࡝ࡢᗫᲠ≀࠿ࡽࡶ኱㔞࡟ᅇ཰࡛ࡁࡿࠋᚓࡽࢀࡿẼయࠊᾮయࡢ⇞ᩱࡣࠊ⛣ື⏝࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣศᩓ㟁※࡛฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊࢢࣜࢵࢻࡢᮍᡂ⇍࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ኱つᶍࢢࣜࢵࢻ
ࡢ㐺ࡉ࡞࠸ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࡟Ᏻᐃ
㟁ຊࢆ౪⤥ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ࠸
ࡎࢀࡶࠊ໬▼㈨※௦᭰࡟ࡼࡾ஧
㓟໬Ⅳ⣲᤼ฟ๐ῶࡶ⾜࠺ࠋࡇࡢࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮࢝࣎ࣥࡢ๰ฟ࡟
ࡣࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊ≀㉁࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ㝈⏺㈝⏝ࡀࢮࣟ࡞࠸ࡋ࣐࢖ࢼࢫࡢ
౪⤥※ࡀ୺࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓ
ࡵࠊ㈨※ࢆᾘ㈝ࡏࡎ࡟౯್ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢ౯
್ࡣࠊඛ㐍ᅜࡸᕤᴗࠊ஺㏻ࠊၟᴗ
࡞࡝ࡢᙧ࡛ࡢ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲᤼ฟࢆక࠺⤒῭άື࠿ࡽࡢࢡࣞࢪࢵࢺ
ᾘ㈝࡜ࣂࣛࣥࢫࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮࢝࣎ࣥ⤒῭ࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ፹௓≀࡜ࡋ࡚ ࡣࡇࡢⅣ⣲ᅛᐃ༢఩࡟ᑐࡍࡿ௬ ᅗ㸯 ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮࢝࣎ࣥ≀㉁࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫᛕ
᝿㏻㈌ࡀ㐺ᙜ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊ
ࡑࡢ౯್ไᚚࡢ᪉ἲ࡜♫఍ⓗ࡞ᯟ⤌ࡳࡢᵓ⠏ࡀ௒ᚋࡢ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ㸱㸬ᡂᯝ࡜௒ᚋࡢᒎ㛤 ⌧ᅾࡲ࡛࡟ࠊ㧗⏕⏘ᛶࣂ࢖࣐࢜
ࢫస≀ࡢ๰ฟࠊ᰾⼥ྜࡸవ๫㟁ຊ࡟ࡼࡿࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࢞ࢫ໬ࠊ࡜࠸࠺
ᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᢏ⾡ࡢ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ
ࡣࡍ࡛࡟3R3ࡢẁ㝵ࢆ⤊஢ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᏛ㝿ⓗ࡟⎔ቃ⤒῭ⓗ࡞᪉ἲㄽࡶ๰ฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୍᪉ࠊ࢖
ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ㏵ୖᅜ
ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢᐇ᝟ࡸࣇ࢕࣮
ࣝࢻࡢㄪᰝࠊࡲࡓᐇ㝿ࡢ㎰ᴗάືࡀࡍ࡛࡟ヨࡳࡽࢀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢᡂᯝ
ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢࣘࢽࢵࢺάື࡟࠾
࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
௒ᚋࡣࠊ♫఍ᐇ⿦࡟ྥࡅࡓࣅࢪ
ࢿࢫࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ⠏࡜ࠊࡑࡢ࣓࢝ࢽ ࢬ࣒ࡢศᯒࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿィ⏬࡛࠶ ᅗ㸰 ࢿ࢞ࢸ࢕ࣈ࣮࢝࣎ࣥ⤒῭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓᡂ
ࡿࠋ

012

- 12 -

㎰ᮧ࡟㐺ࡋࡓ෌࢚ࢿ㟁ຊ㈓ⶶἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ
Development of Renewable Energy Power Storage Method Suitable for Rural Areas㔝ᖹ ಇஅ1㸪ᰘ⏣ ኱㍜1㸪ᑠ℧ ດ1㸪ᒣᮏ ㈗அ1㸪ᒸ㒊 ᑑ⏨2
Toshiyuki NOHIRA 1, Daisuke SHIBATA 1, Tsutomu KODAKI 1,
Takayuki YAMAMOTO 1, and Toshio OKABE 2
1ி㒔኱Ꮫ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲ᡤ
Institute of Adavanced Energy, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ Ꮫ⾡᝟ሗ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࢭࣥࢱ࣮
Academic Center for Computing and Media Studies, Kyoto University

Since power generation from renewable energy sources fluctuates with time and season, it is essential to install a power
storage system to introduce more than a certain amount of renewable energy. On the other hand, in rural areas, there isa possibility of realizing sustainable agriculture in economic, energy, and environmental terms by actively utilizing
such renewable energy power. Thus, this study aims to realize a local production for local consumption type energy
system using renewable energy in rural areas. As the first step, we have surveyed various batteries and evaluated themwhether they are suitable for such an energy system.
Key Words : Renewable Energy, Energy Management System, Batteries, Rural Area, Agriculture㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟ࡼࡿⓎ㟁ࡣࠊ᫬㛫࠾ࡼࡧᏘ⠇࡟ࡼࡿኚືࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࠶ࡿ୍ᐃ㔞௨ୖᑟධࡍࡿࡓࡵ
࡟ࡣࠊ⵳㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢేタࡀᚲ㡲࡜࡞ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ㎰ᮧ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞෌࢚ࢿ㟁ຊࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⤒῭ⓗ࣭࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ⓗ࣭⎔ቃⓗ࡞ព࿡࡛ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㎰ᴗࢆᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ
◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㎰ᮧ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟ࡼࡿᆅ⏘ᆅᾘᆺ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ࠸ࡃࡘ
࠿ࡢࣔࢹࣝࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᏘ⠇ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧ᫬㛫ⓗ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿⓎ㟁㔞࠾ࡼࡧ㟁ຊ౑⏝㔞ࢆ᳨ウࡋࠊࡑࢀ࡟ྜࢃ
ࡏࡓ⵳㟁ụ࠾ࡼࡧ⵳㟁ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ௧࿴㸰ᖺᗘࡣࠊࡑࡢ➨୍ẁ㝵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ㎰ᮧ࡟㐺ࡋࡓ⵳㟁ụࡢ᳨ウࠖࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸰㸬ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟♫఍ࡢ๰㐀࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊ෌࢚ࢿ㟁ຊ㈓ⶶ⏝࡜ࡋ࡚⵳㟁ụࢆά⏝ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣከࡃ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ㎰ᮧ࡟≉໬ࡋ࡚㎰ᴗ⏝㏵࡬ࡢ㟁ຊ฼⏝ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓ᳨ウࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㎰ᆅࡣࡑࡶࡑࡶኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁࡟㐺ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ฼⏝ྍ⬟࡞ᅵᆅ㠃✚ࡣ⭾኱࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚑ᮶ࡣࠊ㎰ᆅἲ࡟ࡼࡿไ㝈࠿ࡽ㎰ᆅ࡛ࡢኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࡣㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸
࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ㏆ᖺࡢつไ⦆࿴࠾ࡼࡧ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᑟධࡢ㔜せᛶࡢ㧗ࡲࡾ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⌧ᐇⓗ࡟ྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᚑ᮶ࡢ౑⏝ἲࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓ⵳㟁ụ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ㎰ᆅ≉᭷ࡢࠕኟࡢ㧗 ࠖࠕవ⿱ࡢ࠶ࡿタ⨨ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࠖ࡞
࡝ࡢ≉ᚩ࡟ᑐᛂࡋࡓࠕ㎰ᮧ࡟㐺ࡋࡓ⵳㟁ụࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣᏛ⾡ⓗ࡟ࡶ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㎰ᴗ࠾ࡼࡧ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⏕⏘ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡋࠊᣢ⥆ྍ⬟♫఍ࡢ๰㐀࡟኱ࡁࡃ㈉⊩ࡍࡿࠋ㸱㸬⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ ᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊࣘࢽࢵࢺࡢᏑ⥆ᮇ㛫࡛࠶ࡿ 5 ᖺ㛫ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋึᖺᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ௧࿴㸰ᖺᗘࡣࠊ◊✲ࡢ➨୍ẁ㝵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ㎰ᮧ࡟㐺ࡋࡓ⵳㟁ụࡢ᳨ウࠖࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࡲࡎࠊ᪤Ꮡࡢࣜࢳ࣒࢘࢖࢜ࣥ㟁ụࡸ㖄⵳㟁ụ➼࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᛶ⬟(࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘࠊබ⛠㟁ᅽࠊࢧ࢖ࢡࣝᑑ࿨࡞࡝)ࠊ౯᱁➼ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢼࢺࣜ࢘
࣒◲㯤(NAS)㟁ụࡸ ZEBRA 㟁ụ࡞࡝ࡢࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘㟁ụࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣࠊ➹⪅ࡽࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ࢖࢜ࣥᾮయࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘
㟁ụ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊྠᵝࡢ᝟ሗࢆ཰㞟ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࡶࡢࢆ⾲ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ࡞࡝ࡢᛶ⬟ࡣࠊࣜࢳ࣒࢘࢖࢜ࣥ㟁ụࡀඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ౯᱁ࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘㟁ụࡢ୰࡛ࡣࠊNAS㟁ụࡣ౯᱁ࡣẚ㍑ⓗప࠸ࡀࠊ㐠㌿᫬࡟ ႏ௨ୖ࡟ຍ ࡍࡿᚲせᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

013- 13 -

⾲ 1 ྛ✀⵳㟁ụࡢ✀㢮࡜≉ᚩ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ ⵳㟁ụᡓ␎㸦ᖹᡂ㸰㸲ᖺ㸵᭶㸧ࡼࡾ 1)ࠋ⁐⼥ሷ(࢖࢜ࣥᾮయ Na)㟁ụࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆಟṇࠋ*ZEBRA 㟁ụࡢᛶ⬟ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㏣ຍ 2)ࠋ**㟁Ẽ໬Ꮫ౽ぴ➨㸴∧ࡼࡾ 3)ࠋ

 ḟ࡟ࠊ⵳㟁ụࡢタ⨨ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿሙᡤ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪋タᅬⱁ(ࣁ࢘ࢫ)࡜ᒇእ㎰ᆅ(Ỉ⏣࣭⏿)ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࠊ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮※࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࠊ⵳㟁ụ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿᛶ⬟ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ᪋タᅬⱁࡢሙྜࠊ㟁ụタ⨨ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ࡟ࡣ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢไ⣙ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘࡸ
࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸᪉ࡀዲࡲࡋࡃ(㧗ᛶ⬟ᆺࠊ⮬ᐙᾘ㈝ᚿྥ)ࠊ⌧≧࡛ࡣࣜࢳ࣒࢘࢖࢜ࣥ㟁ụࡀ➨୍ೃ⿵࡜࡞
ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊసື ᗘࡀ ႏ௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࢥࢫࢺࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࠊᏳ඲ᛶ࡟୙Ᏻࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊᒇእ㎰ᆅࡢሙྜࠊタ⨨ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡣ༑ศ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࠊࡲࡓࠊኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࡢⓎ㟁㔞ࡶ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜
ண᝿ࡉࡿࡓࡵࠊ኱つᶍ࣭పࢥࢫࢺᆺࡀྥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋ⌧≧࡛ࡣࠊࢥࢫࢺ㠃࠿ࡽ㖄⵳㟁ụࡀ➨୍ೃ⿵࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ
ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝᑑ࿨࠾ࡼࡧ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຠ⋡࡟ㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ኱つᶍ࡟⾜࠺ሙྜࡣ NAS 㟁ụࡶೃ⿵࡜࡞ࡿࡀࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣࡼࡾྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡢᐜ᫆࡞ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘㟁ụࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ➹⪅ࡽࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ࢖࢜ࣥᾮయࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘
஧ḟ㟁ụࡣࠊᏳ඲ᛶࡀ㧗ࡃࠊᐊ 㹼ႏࡲ࡛సືྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪋タᅬⱁ⏝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶᒇእ㎰ᆅ⏝࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

ᅗ 1 ㎰ᆅ࡛ࡢኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜⵳㟁ụ࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ≉ᛶ㸬(a) ᪋タᅬⱁࡢሙྜ㸪(b) ᒇእ㎰ᆅࡢሙྜ㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ ⵳㟁ụᡓ␎(ᖹᡂ㸰㸲ᖺ㸵᭶), https://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/npu/policy04/pdf/20120705/sanko_shiryo1.pdf
2) C-H. Dustmann, J. Power Sources, 127, 85 (2004).
3) 㟁Ẽ໬Ꮫ఍⦅, 㟁Ẽ໬Ꮫ౽ぴ➨㸴∧, ୸ၿ, (2013).

014- 14 -

⇕ᖏⲨᗫⲡཎࡢ᳜⏕ᅇ᚟࡜㈨※⏕⏘࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃⅣ⣲㝸㞳Energy production, material production and carbon sequestration through revegetationof deteriorated grasslandsᱵ⃝ ಇ᫂1㸪ᐑᮏ ᣅᚿ1㸪ᒣᮧ ṇ⮧1, 㧗⏣ ⌮Ụ1, ᆏᮏ ṇᘯ2㸪
ࢧࢺࣖ ࢾࢢࣟ࣍3㸪ࢧࣇ࢙ࣥࢻࣜ ࢥ࣐࣮ࣛ ࣒ࣛ࢞ࢫࢱࣜ3, 㣕ᯇ ⿱ᇶ1㸪ᱵᮧ ◊஧1, ᑠす ဴஅ4
Toshiaki UMEZAWA1, Takuji MIYAMOTO1, Masaomi YAYAMURA1, Rie
TAKADA1, Masahiro SAKAMOTO2, Satya NUGROHO3, Safendrri Komara
RAGAMUSTARI3, Yuki TOBIMATSU1, Kenji UMEMURA1, and Satoshi KONISHI41ி㒔኱Ꮫ⏕Ꮡᅪ◊✲ᡤ
Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ ኱Ꮫ㝔㎰Ꮫ◊✲⛉
Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University3࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔⛉Ꮫ㝔
Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
4ி㒔኱Ꮫ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ̿⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲ᡤ
 Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University㸯 ◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗ ⫼ᬒ
࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔࡛ࡣ኱つᶍ࡞᳃ᯘ㛤Ⓨࡀᖺ௦๓༙࡟ጞࡲࡗࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᗈ኱࡞⇕ᖏᯘఆ᥇㊧ᆅ࡟࢖ࢿ⛉ࡢ㞧ⲡ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦,PSHUDWDF\OLQGULFDࠊ࿴ྡ㸸ࢳ࢞ࣖࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ㄒ㸸࢔ࣛࣥ࢔ࣛࣥ㸧࡞࡝࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿⲨᗫⲡཎ㸦
୓KD㸧ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊࡇࡢⲨᗫⲡཎࡢ㎰ᆅ㺃ᯘᆅ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࡣ㛗ᖺ࡟ࢃࡓࡿᮍゎỴࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㠀ᖖ࡞ᅔ㞴ࡀぢ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࡇࡢㄢ㢟ゎỴ࡟ྥࡅࠊேᮦ⫱ᡂࢆྵࡵࡓᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞ඹྠ◊✲ࡀῬᮃࡉࢀ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊⲨᗫⲡཎࡢ㎰ᆅ࣭ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ⏕⏘ᆅ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࡣࠊᆅᇦ⤒῭࣭ᆅᇦఫẸࡢ⦾ᰤࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋࠊᅜ
ෆᡤᚓ᱁ᕪ࣭ᆅᇦᡤᚓ᱁ᕪࡢ᫝ṇࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ⏕⏘࡟㈉⊩࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࢔ࣛࣥ࢔ࣛࣥࡢⲡ
ཎࡣୡ⏺ྛᅜ࡟ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௨ୖ࡟㚷ࡳࠊ◊✲௦⾲⪅ᱵ⃝࡜◊✲ศᢸ⪅ᱵᮧࡽࡣࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔⛉Ꮫ㝔࡜⇕ᖏⲨᗫⲡཎࡢ᳜⏕ᅇ᚟࡜ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭ᮌ㉁ᮦᩱ⏕⏘࡟㛵ࡍࡿᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᮏ
◊✲ࡣୡ⏺ࡢኳ↛ᯘఆ᥇㊧ᆅࡢ⎔ቃᅇ᚟ࡸ㈨※⏘ฟᅜ࠾ࡼࡧ㈨※㍺ධᅜ㛫ࡢබṇ࣭⾮ᖹ࡞㈨※ศ㓄࡜┦஫฼┈☜ಖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᒎ㛤ᛶࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊᑠすࡽࡣࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࡜᰾⼥ྜࡸኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁࡞࡝ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓ
Ⅳ⣲㝸㞳ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆู㏵㐍ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ⏕⏘࡜Ⅳ⣲㝸㞳ࢆ㐃ᦠࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ୍ᒙࡢ༠ാ
◊✲ᒎ㛤ࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ ┠ⓗ Ⲩᗫⲡཎࢆά⏝ࡋࡓࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⏕⏘࡜Ⅳ⣲㝸㞳࡟㐺ࡍࡿ࢖ࢿ⛉ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ᳜≀ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࠋ㸰 ◊✲ィ⏬࣭᪉ἲ ࢖ࢿࡢ௦ㅰᕤᏛ
኱ᆺ࢖ࢿ⛉ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ᳜≀ࡣᶞᮌࡢᩘಸࡢࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ⏕⏘ᛶ㸦ᖺ㛫㹼ࢺࣥ㸭KD㸧ࢆ♧࡜ඹ࡟ࠊᶞᮌࡼ
ࡾ໬Ꮫᡂศ฼⏝≉ᛶࡀඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ⏕⏘᳜≀࡜ࡋ࡚௒ᚋ୍ᒙ㟂せࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉ࣜࢢࢽࣥࡣ㧗࠸Ⓨ⇕㔞ࢆᣢࡘ࡜ඹ࡟ⰾ㤶᪘໬Ꮫ〇ရࡢཎᮦᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࢖ࢿ⛉᳜≀࡛ࡣࡑࡢྵ㔞ࡀᶞᮌࡼࡾᑡ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ᰾⼥ྜࡸኴ㝧ගⓎ㟁࡞࡝ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓⅣ⣲㝸㞳ࡢཎᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ㧗ࣜࢢࢽࣥྵ㔞ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㧗Ⅳ⣲ྵ㔞ࡢࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ࢖ࢿ㸦 2U\]D VDWLYD VVSMDSRQLFDFY1LSSRQEDUH㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣜࢢࢽࣥࡢ㔞࡜ᵓ㐀ࡢᨵኚࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ࢔ࣛ
ࣥ࢔ࣛࣥⲡཎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᳜᱂࡟㐺ࡋࡓ࢖ࢿ⛉ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ᳜≀ࢆసฟ࣭㑅ᢤࡍࡿࠋ

015- 15 -

ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊෆᅾᛶࣜࢢࢽࣥྜᡂάᛶ໬ᆺ㌿෗ᅉᏊࡢ㐣๫Ⓨ⌧࡟ࡼࡿࣜࢢࢽࣥ㧗ྵ᭷࢖ࢿࡢసฟࠊࣜࢢࢽ
ࣥྜᡂᢚไᆺ㌿෗ᅉᏊࡢࣀࢵࢡ࢔࢘ࢺ࡟ࡼࡿࣜࢢࢽࣥ㧗ྵ᭷࢖ࢿࡢసฟࡸࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓ⣔⤫ࡢ஺㓄࡟ࡼࡿຠᯝ
ࡢቑᙉࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓ⣔⤫ࡢࣜࢢࢽࣥࡢヲ⣽࡞ᛶ≧ゎᯒࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣ᫖ᖺᗘ࡟ᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࣜࢢࢽࣥྜᡂᢚไᆺ㌿෗ᅉᏊࡢࣀࢵࢡ࢔࢘ࢺ࡟ࡼࡿࣜࢢࢽࣥ㧗ྵ᭷࢖ࢿࡢసฟ
ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࠋ
 ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫⅣ໬࡜Ⅳ⣲㝸㞳ຍ࠼࡚ࠊୖグ࡛㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ㧗Ⓨ⇕ᆺࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᰾⼥ྜㄢ㢟࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠࢆࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫⅣ໬࡜Ⅳ⣲㝸㞳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㐍ࡵࡿࠋⲡᮏࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡢฎ⌮฼⏝ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢆྵࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊసฟࡋࡓస≀ࡢᆅᇦ࡛ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≀㉁ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢆ᏶⤖ࡍࡿぢ㏻ࡋࢆᚓࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ᳜≀ࢆ᱂ᇵࡍࡿᆅᇦఫẸࡢ฼┈ࡢࡓࡵࠊࣂ࢖࣐࢜
ࢫࡢ୍㒊ࡣ໬▼㈨※௦᭰⇞ᩱ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ᮌ㉁ᮦᩱ⏕⏘࡟౑⏝ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵࡢᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࠋ㸱 ◊✲ᡂᯝ ࢖ࢿࡢ௦ㅰᕤᏛ
࢖ࢿ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࣜࢢࢽࣥྜᡂᢚไᆺ㌿෗ᅉᏊࢆࢥ࣮ࢻࡍࡿ࡜᥎ᐃࡉࢀࡿೃ⿵㑇ఏᏊࢆ㑅ᢤࡋࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࣀࢵ
ࢡ࢔࢘ࢺ࢖ࢿࡢసฟࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᩘ✀ࡢࣜࢢࢽࣥྜᡂᢚไᆺ㌿෗ᅉᏊࡢᶵ⬟ࢆࢤࣀ࣒⦅㞟ᢏ⾡࡟ࡼࡾ◚ቯࡋࡓ⣔⤫࡟࠾࠸࡚ࣜࢢࢽࣥ㔞ࡢቑຍ㸦㸧ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓ ࠋࡲࡓ࢖ࢿࡢ௦ㅰᕤᏛ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᮏࣘࢽࢵࢺ
࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ᡂᯝ➼ࢆྲྀࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ⥲ㄝࢆᇳ➹ࡋࡓ ࠋ ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫⅣ໬࡜Ⅳ⣲㝸㞳㧗Ⅳ⣲ྵ㔞ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫస≀ࡢసฟࠊసฟࡋࡓస≀ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⇕ᖏᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮≀㉁ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࢆ᏶
⤖ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢぢ㏻ࡋ୪ࡧ࡟ᙜヱᆅᇦࡢᅵᆅ฼⏝࡜ᡤ᭷࡟㛵ࡍࡿウ㆟࣭ゎᯒࢆ⥲ྜⓗ࡟㐍ࡵࠊእ㒊㈨㔠⋓ᚓ࡟ྥࡅࡓάືࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋࡇࡢウ㆟ࡢᡂᯝࡣ᭩⡠㸦⦅㞟㸸ᆅ⌫⎔ቃᏛᇽ᳃ᬗᑑ㸧࡟ྲྀࡾࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ㸦⦅㞟୰㸧ࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) Miyamoto, T., Takada, R., Tobimatsu, Y., Suzuki, S., Yamamura, M., Osakabe, K., Osakabe, Y., Sakamoto, M.,
Umezawa, T.,Double knockout of OsWRKY36 and OsWRKY102 boosts lignification with altering culm morphologyof rice, Plant Sci., 296, 110446 (2020)
2) Umezawa, T., Tobimatsu, Y., Yamamura, M., Miyamoto, T., Takeda, Y., Koshiba, T., Takada, R., Lam, P.Y., Suzuki,
S., Sakamoto, M.,Lignin Metabolic Engineering in Grasses for Primary Lignin Valorization, Lignin, 1, 30-41 (2020)
3) Miyamoto, T., Tobimatsu, Y., Umezawa, T.,MYB-mediated regulation of lignin biosynthesis in grasses, Current Plant
Biology, 24, 100174 (2020)




016

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⚟ᓥ┴࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ゎᯒ࠾ࡼࡧ⎔ቃᅇ᚟ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㐃ᦠ◊✲
Environmental Radioactivity Analysis and Collaborative Research in
Fukushimaୖ⏣ ⩏຾1㸪ᚨ⏣ 㝧᫂2㸪஧⎼ ┤Ⓩ3㸪㇂ᇉ ᐇ4
Yoshikatsu UEDA1, Yomei TOKUDA2, Naoto NIHEI3 and Minoru
TANIGAKI4

1ி㒔኱Ꮫ ⏕Ꮡᅪ◊✲ᡤResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univeristy2⁠㈡኱Ꮫ ᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊
Fuculty of Education, Shiga Univeristy
3⚟ᓥ኱Ꮫ 㣗㎰Ꮫ㢮
Faculty of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Fukushima Univeristy4ி㒔኱Ꮫ 」ྜཎᏊຊ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University

Radioactive Cesium fell to the cultivation area around Fukushima prefecture by the accident ofFukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in 2011. We conducted various methods to clean up soil for
agriculture. One of the major methods is to strip topsoil up to 5cm. This decontamination method has
been carried out inside a highly polluted cultivation field by radioactive cesium and not on the levee
around the field still now. We investigate the contamination variation around the cultivation area byusing the walking radiation measurement system KURAMA (Kyoto University RAdiation MApping
system) and by direct measuring radioactive cesium concentration. We also checked the radioactive
cesium in irrigation water for checking the weather dependency.

Key Words : Great East Japan Earthquake, Radioactive Cesium, KURAMA㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
2011 ᖺ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏ࠊࡲࡓࡑࢀ࡟క࠺ᮾி㟁ຊ⚟ᓥ➨୍ཎⓎ஦ᨾ࠿ࡽ 10 ᖺࡀ⤒㐣ࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࠋ⎔ቃ୰࡟ᨺฟࡉࢀࡓᨺᑕᛶ᰾✀ࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ10 ᖺ⤒ࡗࡓ⌧ᅾࡶ࠸ࡲࡔၥ㢟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿ᰾✀࡟ 137Cs ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ༙ῶᮇࡀ⣙ 30 ᖺ࡜㛗ᮇ㛫Ꮡᅾࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵࠊ⌧ᅾࡶ⎔ቃ୰ࡢᨺᑕ⬟࡜ࡋ࡚ṧᏑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᅵተ୰ࡢ 137Cs ࡢᣲື࡜ࠊᅵተ࠿ࡽ᳜≀࡟྾཰ࡉ017- 17 -

ࢀࡿ⛣⾜స⏝ࡢཎ⌮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ≉࡟᳜≀࡬ࡢ⛣⾜ಀᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⢓ᅵ㖔≀࡟௜╔ࡍࡿࢭࢩ࣒࢘ࡢᙧែࡀ␗࡞ࡿ஦ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢゎᯒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᅛయ NMR ࡸ XAFS ࡞࡝ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ໬Ꮫᙧែࡢ⎔ቃศᯒࡢ௚࡟ࡶࠊ⚟ᓥ┴ෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㎰ᆅᅇ᚟࡟ྥࡅࡓྲྀࡾ
⤌ࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ࢆᆅᅗୖ࡟ྍど໬ࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ137Cs ࡢ᫬㛫ⓗ࡞⛣⾜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡘࡘࠊᚲせ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᅵተࡢ≧ែࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㝖ᰁ࡞࡝ࡢᑐ⟇ࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏሗ࿌࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ࡢྍど໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢᡭἲ࡜ࠊࡑࡢゎᯒ⤖ᯝࢆሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋྍど໬࡟ࡣி㒔኱Ꮫ」ྜཎᏊຊ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ⮬ືᨺᑕ⥺㔞ィࢩࢫࢸ࣒ KURAMA㸦Kyoto

University RAdiation MApping system㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⚟ᓥ┴㣤⯓ᮧࢆ୰ᚰ࡟

ᐃࢆ⾜࠸ࡘࡘࠊྠ᫬࡟ᚲせ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ᅵተࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋ࡚ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ

㸰㸬ᐇ㦂ᡭἲ ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ィ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⚟ᓥ┴㣤⯓ᮧ࡟࠶ࡿ㎰స≀ヨ㦂ᆅ࡜ࡑࡢ࿘㎶ࡢἙᕝࠊ㐨㊰࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊNPO ἲேࡩࡃࡋࡲ෌⏕ࡢ఍࡜༠ຊࡋ࡚ࠊ㣤⯓ᮧ∾ሙ࿘㎶ࡢ㝖ᰁᚋࡢ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ࡢ᫬㛫ⓗ࡞ኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᐃᮇⓗ࡟ィࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋィࡣᚐṌ࡛⾜࠸ࠊ㎰సᆅࠊ

࿘㎶␏␁࡜℺₅Ỉ㊰ࢆṌ⾜ࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ㝖ᰁᚋࡢ㎰సᆅ࡟᪂ࡓ࡟ὶධࡍࡿᨺᑕᛶࢭࢩ࣒࢘ࡸࠊỈ㊰ࡢࢭࢩ࣒࢘⛣ື≧ἣ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢィࡣேⓗ࡞సᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊィ⪅ࡢ㌟㛗ࡸጼໃ࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ⿵ṇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛⢭ᰝࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ௒ᖺᗘ࡟
࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊṌ⾜ࢧ࣮࣋࢖࡟࠾ࡅࡿィᰯṇㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋィࢹ࣮ࢱࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘኚ໬ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ

࡛⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿ KURAMA ࡣࠊᆅୖṌ⾜ࢧ࣮࣋࢖ᆺ࡛࠶ࡾࠊNa-I ࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࢧ࣮࣋࢖࣓࣮ࢱ㸦὾ᯇ࣍ࢺࢽࢡࢫ C12137-01 〇㸧ࡀ 2 ྎᦚ㍕ࡉࢀࠊ࠺ࡕ 1 ྎࢆཌࡉ 1cm
ࡢ㖄ᯈࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱ࡛そ࠺ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᣦྥᛶࢆᣢࡓࡏ࡚ྠ᫬ィ ࣭ᰯṇࡍࡿࠋ2 ྎࡢᐃ⤖ᯝࢆ⏝࠸

ࡿ஦࡛✵㛫⥺㔞࡜ᆅ⾲⥺㔞ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ஦ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊKURAMA ࡟ࡣ DGPS(DifferentialGPS)ࡀᦚ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⢭ᗘㄗᕪ 1m ௨ୗ࡛ィࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ ᐃ⤖ᯝ࡜ᖖ࡟ࢿࢵࢺ

࣮࣡ࢡᅇ⥺ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࢡࣛ࢘ࢻࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚ಖᏑࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ

ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆᖖ᫬࡝ࡇ࠿ࡽ࡛ࡶ☜ㄆࡍࡿ஦ࡀฟ᮶ࡿࠋ ௒ᅇࡢィ

࡛ࡣࠊ㝖ᰁ࡞࡝ࡢฎ⨨ࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓ⎔ቃ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᇶ‽࡜࡞ࡿᇶ‽⥺※㸦ᨺᑕᛶࢭࢩ࣒࢘ࢆྵ

ࡴ㝖ᰁ๓ࡢᅵተࠊᅗ 1.㸧ࢆタ⨨ࡋ࡚ࠊᇶ‽⥺※ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊጼໃࢆኚ࠼࡞ࡀࡽṌ⾜ࢧ࣮࣋࢖ࢆ⾜࠺஦࡛ࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘᐃ࡟ᕪࡀฟࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ึᮇィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᇶ‽⥺※ࡣࢧ࣮࣋࢖࣓࣮ࢱ࡟࡚࠾ࡼࡑ 7.08ȣ

S/cm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓጼໃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅗ 㸯,࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟┤❧ࠊᒅࡳ≧ែ 2 ✀ࠊᆏ㐨࡞࡝࡛⭸ࢆ᭤ࡆ࡚Ṍࡃ≧ែࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢ㝿ࡢィ⤖ᯝࢆࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋ࡚ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊィ

ࡋࡓᆅⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ(A)࿘㎶࡟ࣀ࢖ࢬ࡜࡞ࡿ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ࡀ࡯ࡰ↓࠸ᖹᆠ࡞࢚ࣜ࢔ࠊ(B)ᩳ㠃࡟ᇶ‽⥺※ࢆ࠾࠸࡚Ṍ⾜࡟࡚ィࡋࡓ࢚ࣜ࢔ࠊ(C)ࡍࡄ㏆ࡃ࡟ࣀ࢖ࢬ࡜࡞ࡿ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ࢚ࣜ࢔㸦ᮍ㝖ᰁ᳃ᯘࡢᶓ㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊṌ⾜ࢧ࣮࣋࢖ࢆ⾜
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

018

- 18 -

ືถ༲‫಼ح‬͹ঈઝ઴ౖৗ

झྪ͹ิߨͶͱ‫ܯ‬଎

௜ཱི

۸Ί̏

۸Ί̐

ᅗṌ⾜ࢧ࣮࣋࢖࡛⏝࠸ࡓ⥺※࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᐦ㛢ᐜჾᅵተ࡜ࠊṌ⾜᫬ࡢጼໃࡢ✀㢮
㸱㸬.85$0$ ࡟ࡼࡿィ ⤖ᯝ࡜ഴྥ Ṍ⾜ࢧ࣮࣋࢖࡛ࡢィࡿィ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ 2.࡟♧ࡍࠋィ࢚ࣜ࢔ A, B, C ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࣮࢝ࣛࢥࣥࢱ࣮࡟ࡼ⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊ≉࡟ A ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣᇶ‽⥺※ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ⥺㔞⋡ࡢኚ໬ࢆഴྥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡼࡃ

࡜ࡽ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ஦ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛ࠊB ࡢᩳ㠃࡛ࡣṌ⾜ࡍࡿྥࡁ㸦ୖࡾ࡜ୗࡾ㸧࡟ࡼࡾⱝᖸࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀぢ࠼ࡿ௚ࠊ≉࡟ࣀ࢖ࢬ࡜ࡋ࡚௜㏆࡟ูࡢ⥺※ࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ࣮࢝ࣛࢥࣥࢱ࣮ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ
ࡋࡗ࠿ࡾ࡜ഴྥࢆࡘ࠿ࡴ࡟ࡣᰯṇࢆࡼࡾࡼࡃࡋ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࠸ࡅ࡞࠸஦ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊṌ⾜ィ࢔࡟࡚Ṍ⾜ィ

ࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊྛ࢚ࣜ࢔ࡈ࡜࡟ᅗ 3,4,5 ࡟♧ࡍࠋᅗ 3.࡛ࡣࠊᖹᆠ࡞࢚ࣜ
ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ㝿ࡢጼໃ࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸࡛ィ⤖ᯝࡀ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘኚ໬ࡍࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋጼໃࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊࢧ࣮࣋࢖࣓࣮ࢱ࡜ᆅ⾲㠃࡜ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀኚ໬ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵࠊ≉࡟ࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱ௜ࡁࢧ࣮࣋࢖࣓࣮ࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊኚ໬ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ┤❧≧ែ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶኚ
໬ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊࡇࡕࡽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣୖഃࡢࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱ↓ࡋࡢᐃ್ࡶኚືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᇶ‽⥺※ࡢ⥺㔞ࡀ᫬㛫ⓗ࡟ኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᒅࡳ≧ែࡸ⭸᭤ࡆ≧ែ࡛ࡣࠊᆅ⾲㠃࡜ୗഃ᳨ฟჾࡢࢭࣥࢧ࣮ᭀ㟢㒊࡜ࡢ㛫࡟ഴࡁࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ⛣ື᫬ࡢ ᚟ືస࡛ࠊ
ᇶ‽⥺※࡟㏆࡙ࡃሙྜ࡜ࠊ㐲ࡊ࠿ࡿሙྜ࡜࡛

ᐃ⤖ᯝ࡟㐪࠸ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ஦ࡶ☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡲࡔ

௒ᚋࡢ⢭ᰝࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᅗ 4.࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩳ㠃࡛ࡢィ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࢥ࣓࣮ࣜࢱ௜ࡁࢭࣥࢧ࡜ୖഃࢭࣥࢧ࡜ࡢ㛫࡛ࠊ

ᐃ್ࡢ㏫㌿⌧㇟ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᩳ㠃ࡢഴࡁ࡜ࠊጼໃࡢഴࡁࡀࠊᩳ㠃ୖࡾ࡜ୗࡾ࡜࡛཯
㌿ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟࠾ࡇࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢⅬࡣィ᫬࡟㠀ᖖ࡟ὀពࡋ࡚ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ஦ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࡣୗࡾ᪉ྥࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ᪉ࡀィ019- 19 -

್࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࡼࡾṇ☜࡞ࢹ࣮ග‫͝ۄ‬ࢱࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡋࡗ࠿ࡾࡋࡓᰯṇࢆ⾜࠺ሙྜࡣࠊጼໃ≧ែ࡜ࠊᆅ⾲㠃ࡢゅᗘ࡞࡝ࡶ᝟ሗ࡜ࡋ
࡚ᣢࡘ஦࡛ࠊᰯṇࡢࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆ㏲ḟྲྀᚓࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ᅗ 5.࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࿘㎶࠿ࡽࡢࣀ࢖ࢬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⥺㔞⋡ࡀᖖ࡟㧗࠸ࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢ್ࢆᰯṇࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ
ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱィ⟬ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࡇࡢᰯṇ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘṇ☜࡟ồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿࡟
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ௒ᚋࡼࡾィࢹ࣮ࢱࢆቑࡸࡍࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

$

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ᅗ.85$0$ ࡟ࡼࡿṌ⾜ࢧ࣮࣋࢖ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦ᇶ‽⥺※࡟ࡼࡿᰯṇィ
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㻜㻚㻠

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㻜㻚㻞

㻜㻚㻝

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㼀㼕㼙㼑㻌㻔㼟㼑㼏㻕ᅗ %㸧ᩳ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿィ

021- 21 -⤖ᯝᅗ &㸧ࣀ࢖ࢬ※࿘㎶࡟࠾ࡅࡿィ⤖ᯝ㸲㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ
⚟ᓥ┴㣤⯓ᮧࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ㎰ᆅ࣭∾ሙ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ࡢࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥ
ࢢࡢࡓࡵࡢᰯṇィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋி㒔࠿ࡽ⌧ᆅࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ㞳ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ㛫㐃ᦠࠊࡲ

ࡓ132ἲே࡜ࡶ༠ຊࡋ࡚ࠊ⤒᫬ⓗ࡞⎔ቃᨺᑕ⬟ࡢ᥎⛣ࢆぢᏲࡾࡘࡘࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚⾜࠸㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ኚືࡸᛴ࡞ኚ໬࡟ࡶᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ௒ᚋࡶ◊✲ࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡃࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) ᅵᮌᏛ఍ㄽᩥ⦅㞟ጤဨ఍㸸ᅵᮌᏛ఍ㄽᩥ㞟ᢞ✏ࡢᡭᘬ, ㄽᩥ㞟⦅㞟ጤဨ఍㛵㐃㈨ᩱ, ᅵᮌᏛ఍, pp.8-22,
1998.
2) Kanamori, H., Aki, K. and Heaton, T.: Real-time seismology and earthquake hazard mitigation, Nature, Vol. 390,
pp. 461-464, 1

022- 22 -

ඛ㐍⎔ቃㄪ࿴ᆺࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ⏕⏘ࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࡢ๰ᡂ
Develop an advanced eco-friendly scenario for bioethanol production
Sadat Mohamed Rezk Khattab1, ᒸ㔝 ၨᚿ1∦ᖹ ṇே2㸪Ọ⏣ ᓫ2, Ώ㎶ 㝯ྖ1

Sadat Mohamed Rezk Khattab1, Hiroyuki Okano1, Masato Katahira2,
Takashi Nagata2 and Takashi Watanabe11ி㒔኱Ꮫ⏕Ꮡᅪ◊✲ᡤResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, JAPAN.

2ி㒔኱Ꮫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲ᡤ
Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Japan

Key Words: Biomass conversion, Microwave, Glycerolysis, Acid Catalysis, glycerol fermentation,
Xylose fermentation, glycerol- xylose- glucose fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae,
Bioethanol production.

1. Introduction
Climate conservation agreements imposed the imperative to find effective avenues for producing
biobased chemicals and biofuels to decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Owing to the abundance oflignocellulosic biomass, explore replacing the production from these renewable resources represents
a vital element especially with the growing needs. The biomass conversion laboratory previously
reported the Microwave is assisting the organic and inorganic acids in the aqueous glycerol during
pretreating that recalcitrance of softwood (1). Afterward, further developed the glycerolysis ofbiomass by alum and microwave (2). To develop this scenario, we generated via geneticallyengineering an efficient glycerol-fermenting yeast (3). Furthermore, we have been generated several
xylose-fermenting yeasts (4, 5).

Fig. 1. Scheme for developing the scenario for bioethanol production from the lignocellulosic㻌biomass㻌

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023

- 23 -

Therefore, we seek to further develop this methodology by studying the synergistic effects between
alum and H 2 SO 4 with glycerol in the microwave. Meanwhile using lower enzyme loading during the
VDFFKDULILFDWLRQ RI WKH SXOS   )38 J RI ELRPDVV  DQG HVWLPDWH WKH VDFFKDULILFDWLRQ DQGfermentation efficiency. Thereafter, we will co-ferment glycerol with the released sugars of
lignocellulose using our current genetically engineered yeasts (Fig.1). The second part of this projectis to generate one cell factory of yeast and looking forward to exceeding the theoretical yield of
production through comprehensive engineering of glycerol, xylose metabolic pathways. Besides,
linking of the metabolic pathways through the bifid shunt pathway (Fig. 2).

Fig.2. Develop a yeast cell for bioprocessing the glycerolysis of biomass
2. Methods
We are using sugarcane trash (SCT) as an abundance source of lignocellulosic biomass. The
SCT was in this study was imported from Thailand. We followed the standard methods for
detecting the compositional analysis (6-8).
*O\FHURO\VLVZDVFDUULHGRXWXVLQJJ6&7PORIJO\FHURO+62DQGJ
RI DOXP IRU PLQ RI microwave reaction at different WHPSHUDWXUH    
 
3. Results and Discussion
The compositional analysis
of SCT consisted the otherreported data, although we

Fig. 3. Compositional analysis of SCT
others, 2, 2%
Ash, 11.75, 12%
Glucan , 34.6,
34%
Extractives, 4.8, 5%

noticed higher ash content
of our sample than the
averagelevel.

compositional
showed in Fig.3.

The
analysis

Klason lignin , 23.6,
Arabinan , 3.2, 3%
24%


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024

- 24 -

Xylan, 20.1, 20%

The

noticeable

effectsofrectiontemperature

be

seen

in

the

(Fig.4).

P ul p s a c c ha r i f i c a t i o n y i e l d ( P S Y )Gly cero ly sis y ield ( GY)
300.0

300.0
250.0

Sugar yield (mg/g)

Recovery (mg/g)

can

200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0

250.0
200.0
150.0
100.0
50.0

0.0
100

110

120

130

150

0.0

Furfural&

140

Temperature °C
GlucoseXyloseArabinose

Xylose Xylose Xylose Glucose Glucose Glucose
24 h
48 h
72 h
24 h
48 h
72 h

Saccharification time (h)&

&

&

&

&

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Total yields [GY and PSY
Y-72h(10 FPU/g)]

Recovery (mg/g)

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Theoretical

Temperature °C
glucoseXyloseArabinose

Furfural

Yield 72

HMF

Fig. 4 Yields of carbohydrates obtained by microwave glycerolysis and enzymatic saccharification
4. Conclusion
Catalysis glycerolysis in mLFURZDYHE\+ 2 SO 4 DQG0JDOXPHIILFLHQWO\VXSSRUWWKH
VDFFKDULILFDWLRQRI6&7ZKHUHXSWRRIWKHPD[LPXPUHFRYHU\ZDVREWDLQHGE\JO\FHURO\VLV
DQG)38JRI&HOOLF® CTec2.
5. Acknowledgements
A part of this study was supported by e-Asia project “Integrated biorefinery of sugarcane trash.”
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- 25 -

6.

References

1- Liu J, Takada R, KaritD6:DWDQDEH7+RQGD<:DWDQDEH70LFURZDYH-assisted pretreatmentofrecalcitrant

softwoodinaqueousglycerol. Bioresour

Technol    –.

KWWSVGRLRUJMELRUWHFK.
2- 2KDVKL < :DWDQDEH 7  &DWDO\WLF 3HUIRUPDQFH RI )RRG $GGLWLYHV $OXP )ORFFXODWLQJ $JHQWAl(SO 4 ) 3 , AlCl 3 , and Other Lewis Acids in Microwave Solvolysis of Hardwoods and Recalcitrant
Softwood

for

Biorefinery. ACS

OPHJD  –

KWWSVGRLRUJDFVRPHJDE.
3- Sadat M. R. Khattab, Takashi Watanabe Comprehensive metabolic engineering for fermenting glycerol
efficiently

in Saccharomyces

cerevisiae.

AEM,

under

review,

GRL KWWSVGRLRUJ
4- .KDWWDE 605 6DLPXUD 0 .RGDNL 7  %RRVW LQ ELRHWKDQRO SURGXFWLRQ XVLQJ UHFRPELQDQW
Saccharomyces cerevisiae with mutated strictly NADPH-dependent xylose reductase and NADP(+)dependent

xylitoldehydrogenase. J

biotechnol. 165(3- –156.

KWWSVGRLRUJMMELRWHF.
5- .KDWWDE 605 .RGDNL 7  (IILFLHQW ELRHWKDQRO SURGXFWLRQ E\ RYHUH[SUHVVLRQ RI HQGRJHQRXVSaccharomyces cerevisiae xylulokinase and NADPH-dependent aldose reductase with mutated strictly
NADP+-dependent Pichia stipitis xylitol GHK\GURJHQDVH 3URFHVV %LRFKHP  –1842.
httpVGRLRUJMSURFELR.
6- A. Sluiter, B. Hames, R. Ruiz, C. Scarlata, J. Sluiter, D. Templeton, D. Crocker, Determination of
Structural Carbohydrates and Lignin in Biomass, 15(/73--42618, &RORUDGR
7- A. Sluiter, R. Ruiz, C. Scarlata, J. Sluiter, D. Templeton, Determination of Extractives in Biomass, Natl.
Renew. Energy Lab., 15(/73--42619, S
8- A. Sluiter, B. Hames, R. Ruiz, C. Scarlata, J. Sluiter, D. Templeton, Determination of Ash in Biomass,
Natl. Renew. Energy Lab, 15(/73--42622, 


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026

- 26 -

5✀㢮ࡢ⇕ᖏ᪩⏕ᶞ࠿ࡽࡢᮌᮦࡢゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡟ࡼࡿࢢ࣮ࣜࣥⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࡢ⏕⏘
Production of Green Aromatics through Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Woodfrom Five Tropical Fast Growing Trees Species
Joko Sulistyo 1, ⏿ ಇ඘2, Sri Nugroho Marsoem 1,
Ganis Lukmandaru 1, Yunida Syafriani 1, ᮏ㛫 ༓ᬗ3㸪Ώ㎶ 㝯ྖ2㸪
ྜྷᮧ ๛2
Joko Sulistyo 1, Toshimitsu Hata 2, Sri Nugroho Marsoem 1,
Ganis Lukmandaru 1, Yunida Syafriani 1, Sensho Honma 3,
Takashi Watanabe 2, and Tsuyoshi Yoshimura 2
1Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2ி㒔኱Ꮫ⏕Ꮡᅪ◊✲ᡤResearch Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, JAPAN.

3໭ᾏ㐨❧⥲ྜ◊✲ᶵᵓᯘ⏘ヨ㦂ሙForest Products Research Institute, Hokaido Forestry Research Organization, Japan໬▼㈨※ࡢᯤῬࡸ⎔ቃຎ໬࡜࠸ࡗࡓၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᮍ฼⏝᳜≀㈨ᮦ࠿ࡽ᭷⏝໬Ꮫ≀㉁ࢆ⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊ⇕ᖏ⏘ᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡿᾮ໬≀࠾ࡼࡧ⇕ศゎṧ´ࢆ᭷⏝≀㉁࡜ࡋ࡚ά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࡟ᑐࡋゐ፹ࢆຍ࠼ᚓࡽࢀࡿ᭷⏝໬Ꮫရࢆྵࡴ⇕ศゎᾮ໬≀ࢆPy-GCMS࡟ࡼࡾ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ
Key Words: aromatics, catalytic fast pyrolysis, Py-GC/MS, wood characteristics, ZSM-5 catalyst㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
ᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡣ⇕ᖏᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚኱㔞࡟฼⏝ධᡭྍ⬟࡛ࠊ᭷ᶵ໬Ꮫ〇ရࡢฟⓎཎᩱ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡲ
ࡓᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࢆຠ⋡ⓗ࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᏳ౯࡞⇞ᩱࡸ᭷⏝᭷ᶵ໬Ꮫ≀㉁ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࢡ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡣࠊ໬▼⇞ᩱ࠿ࡽᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡢࡼ࠺࡞෌⏕ྍ⬟࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮※࡬⛣⾜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞♫఍ࡀᐇ⌧࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࠋ኱ࡁ࠸ຍ⇕㏿ᗘ࡛ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫཎᩱࢆᛴ㏿⇕ศゎࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊฟⓎཎᩱࡢ㔜㔞ࡢ70-75%ࡢᾮయࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋ⢒⇕ศゎᾮయ〇ရࡣࠊࡑࡢ㧗࠸࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ࠿ࡽࠊᑗ᮶࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮〇ရ࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ
㧗࠸ࠋCarlsonࡽࡣࠊᛴ㏿⇕ศゎࡢ཯ᛂჾࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࠿ࡽ࣋ࣥࢮࣥࠊࢺ࢚ࣝࣥࠊࢼࣇࢱࣞ
ࣥࢆྵࡴⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࢩࣥࢢࣝࢫࢸࢵࣉࡢゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜㑅ᢥᛶࡣࠊゐ፹࡜ཎᩱࡢ㔜㔞ẚࠊຍ⇕㏿ᗘࠊ཯ᛂ ᗘࡢ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉ
ࢀࡓࠋ⇕ᖏ᪩⏕ᶞࡢᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࢆฟⓎཎᩱ࡜ࡋࡓゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡟ࡼࡿᾮయ⇞ᩱ࣭ⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀〇㐀࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋඛ⾜◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࣞࢵࢻ࣓ࣛࣥࢸ࢕㸦Shorea leprosula㸧ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡢゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࣋ࣥࢮࣥࠊࢺ࢚ࣝࣥࠊࢫࢳࣞࣥࠊࢼࣇࢱࣞࣥࠊ࢖ࣥࢲࣥ࡞
࡝ࡢⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡉࢀࡓࠋ⇕ᖏᆅᇦ࡟ࡣࠊᮌᮦࡢ≉ᛶࡀ␗࡞ࡿከࡃࡢ᪩
⏕ᶞࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊฟⓎཎᩱ࡜࡞ࡿᮌ㉁ࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫࡢ㑅ᢥࡣ᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ5 ✀ࡢ⇕ᖏ⏘᪩⏕ᮦ࠿ࡽࡢᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡿⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࢆPy-GC/MS ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ027- 27 -

㸰㸬ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ
࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ᮾࢪࣕ࣡ᕞࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ᯘ࡛᱂ᇵࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢪࣕ࣎ࣥ㸦Antocephalus cadamba㸧ࠊࢭࣥࢦࣥ㸦Paraserianthes mollucana㸧ࠊࣂࣝࢧ㸦Ochroma sp㸧ࡢᶞᮌࡢୗ㒊࠿ࡽࢹ࢕ࢫࢡ≧ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࡢࢪࣙࢢࢪࣕ࢝ࣝࢱ࡟࠶ࡿ࢞ࢪ࣐ࣕࢲ኱Ꮫࡢ࣡ࢼ࣐࢞ᐇ㦂ᯘ࡛᱂ᇵࡉࢀࡓ࣐ࣥࢠ࣒࢘㸦Acacia mangium㸧࡜࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜ㸦Eucalyptus pellita㸧ࡢ2✀ࡢᮌᮦࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋࢹ࢕ࢫࢡ≧ヨᩱࢆ⢊○ࡋ࡚⢊ᮎ࡟ࡋࠊ㔠⥙ࢫࢡ࣮࡛ࣜࣥࡩࡿ࠸࡟࠿ࡅࠊ0.25ࠥ0.42mmࡢ⢏ᗘ⠊ᅖࡢ⢏Ꮚࢆᚓࡓ㸦40࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡢࡩࡿ࠸ࢆ㏻㐣ࡋࠊ60࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡢࡩࡿ࠸࡟ಖᣢࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࠋ
ゐ፹ࡣZSM-5ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋỈศࠊ⅊ศ࠾ࡼࡧ᥹ⓎศࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀASTM D2867-70, D2866-70࠾ࡼࡧD1762-64࡟‽ᣐࡋࡓ⇕㔜㔞 ᐃἲ࡟ࡼࡾ ᐃࡋࡓࠋᅛᐃⅣ⣲ྵ᭷㔞ࡣࠊᕪศἲ࡟ࡼࡾ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋࢩࣥࢢࣝࢩࣙࢵࢺ࣮ࣔ
ࢻ⇕ศゎჾࢆࠊ㛗ࡉ30m┤ᚄ0.250mmࡢDB-5HT࢟ࣕࣆ࣮࣒ࣛࣜ࢝ࣛࢆGC/MS࡟┤᥋᥋⥆ࡋᮌᮦࡢ⇕ศゎࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸰. ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ
㸰.㸯ᕤᴗศᯒ
࡝ࡢᶞ✀ࡶ᥹Ⓨศࡀ㧗ࡃ㸪୍᪉࡛ᅛᐃⅣ⣲ࡸ⅊ศࡢྵ᭷㔞ࡣపࡃ㸪Meincken ࠾ࡼࡧ Tyhoda ࡀ♧ࡋࡓ್࡜ྠ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋศᩓศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ࢪࣕ࣎ࣥ㸪ࢭࣥࢦࣥ㸪ࣂࣝࢧࡢ᥹Ⓨศ㸪ᅛᐃⅣ⣲㸪⅊ศࡢྵ᭷㔞࡟᭷ព࡞ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࢪࣕ࣎ࣥ㸪ࢭࣥࢦࣥ㸪ࣂࣝࢧࡢ᥹Ⓨศࡣ㸪GomezSerrano ࡽࡀሗ࿌ࡋࡓ࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜࡸࣟࢵࢡ࣮ࣟࢬࡢ᥹Ⓨศࡼࡾࡶ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜࡣ㸪ࢪࣕ࣎ࣥ㸪ࢭࣥࢦࣥ㸪ࣂࣝࢧ࡟ẚ࡭࡚⅊ศྵ᭷㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࠋ࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜᮦࡢ⅊ศྵ᭷㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪↓Ỉ⢾ࡸ㧗ศᏊࡢࣇࣛࣥࡸࣆࣛࣥࡢ཰⋡ࡢ㧗ࡉࡸ㸪ࣜࢢࢽࣥ⏤᮶ࡢ⏕ᡂ≀࡛࠶ࡿࣅࢽࣝࢢ࢔࢖࢔ࢥ
࣮ࣝࡸࢩࣜࣥࢦ࣮ࣝࡢ཰⋡ࡢపࡉ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

㸰.㸰 㠀ゐ፹࠾ࡼࡧゐ፹࡟ࡼࡿᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜ࡜ࣂࣝࢧᮦࡢ㠀ゐ፹ⓗ⇕ศゎ࡜ゐ፹ⓗ⇕ศゎࡢࢺ࣮ࢱࣝ࢖࢜ࣥࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊࣂࣝࢧᮦ࡜࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜᮦࡢ↓ゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡜ゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎࡢ┦ᑐⓗ࡞୺せ࡞ࣆ࣮ࢡࡀ
♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࣞ࣎ࢢࣝࢥࢧࣥ࡜ࣇࣝࣇ࣮ࣛࣝࡢ┦ᑐⓗ࡞ࣆ࣮ࢡࡣࠊ࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜᮦࡢ↓ゐ፹ⓗᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡜ゐ፹ⓗᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡛኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣂࣝࢧᮦࡢ↓ゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡜ゐ፹ᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡛ࡣࠊ୧⪅ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࡢᕪࡣᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜࡢᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿゐ፹ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࡣࠊ
ZSM-5ࡢᏑᅾୗ࡛ࣞ࣎ࢢࣝࢥࢧࣥࡸࣇࣝࣇ࣮ࣛࣝ࡞࡝ࡢ㓟⣲໬ྜ≀ࡢ኱㒊ศࡀⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀࡟ศゎࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊࣂࣝࢧᮦࡢᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡛ࡣࠊࣞ࣎ࢢࣝࢥࢧࣥࡸࣇࣝࣇ࣮ࣛࣝࡢ୍㒊ࡀⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀࡟ศゎࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࣂࣝࢧᮦࡢᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡛ࡣ㸪ⅣỈ໬≀⵨Ẽ࠿ࡽࡢ୰㛫✀࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ᥹Ⓨᛶ≀㉁ࡀ㇏ᐩ࡟ᨺฟࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࡇࡢ୰㛫✀ࡣゐ፹⾲㠃࡟୙㣬࿴ࢥ࣮ࢡࡢᙧᡂࢆᘬࡁ
㉳ࡇࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋእ⾲㠃࡛ࡢࢥ࣮ࢡᙧᡂࡣࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺࡢ୙άᛶ໬ࡢཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡾࠊࢮ࢜ࣛ࢖ࢺ
⣽Ꮝෆ࡛ࡢࢥ࣮ࢡỿ╔ࡣ཯ᛂ≀ࡢẟ⣽⟶ὶ㔞࡜ᣑᩓὶ㔞ࢆῶᑡࡉࡏࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࡢ཰⋡ࢆపୗࡉࡏࡿࠋⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࡢ⏕ᡂ㔞ࡣࠊゐ፹࡜ཎᩱࡢ㔜㔞ẚࡢ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚⾲ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࣂࣝࢧᮦࡢᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࠿ࡽⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡼࡾከࡃࡢ
ZSM-5 ゐ፹ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

㸱. ⤖ㄽ࣮ࣘ࢝ࣜࡢᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡟࠾ࡅࡿゐ፹ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࡣࠊZSM-5ࡢᏑᅾୗ࡛ࣞ࣎ࢢࣝࢥࢧࣥࡸࣇࣝࣇࣛ
࣮ࣝ࡞࡝ࡢྵ㓟⣲໬ྜ≀ࡢ኱㒊ศࡀⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀࡟ศゎࡉࢀࡓࠋࣂࣝࢧᮦࡢᛴ㏿⇕ศゎ࡛ࡣࠊ⾲
㠃ゐ፹ୖ࡛ࡢ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࢥ࣮ࢡࡢゐ፹స⏝࡟ࡼࡾࣞ࣎ࢢࣝࢥࢧࣥ࡜ࣇࣝࣇ࣮ࣛࣝ࠿ࡽⰾ㤶᪘໬ྜ≀ࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

028- 28 -

㇦㞵࡟క࠺ᅵ◁⅏ᐖ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᆅᇦࣞࢪ࢚ࣜࣥࢫࡢྥୖࡢࡓࡵࡢ
ᐇຠⓗᩳ㠃ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻホ౯ࢶ࣮ࣝࡢ☜❧࡜౪ฟDevelopment of an assessment tool for hillslope hazards by heavy rainfall: toward
resilient local societyᯇᅄ㞝㥽1㸪⏥ᒣ ἞2㸪Ώ㑓ဴᘯ3㸪ᒣᮏ༤அ2
Yuki MATSUSHI1, Osamu KOZAN2, Tetsuhiro WATANABE3
Hiroyuki YAMAMOTO2,
1ி㒔኱Ꮫ 㜵⅏◊✲ᡤDisaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ◊✲ᡤ
Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University3ி㒔኱Ꮫ ᆅ⌫⎔ቃᏛᇽ
Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

This report describes scope and strategy of the project for establishing an assessment tool for hillslope hazards toenhance disaster resilience of regional society. A system for prediction of shallow landslides by heavy rainfall will be
developed, which is then going to be applied for risk communication between researches and local residents. In themodeling, production and accumulation of soil on hillslopes to be slid are simulated based on concentrations ofcosmogenic nuclide in mineral grains in weathered bedrock. Hydrological processes in the soil layer are also modeled
and validated by observation. Effects of vegetation on slope stability is also evaluated based on in-situ testing. A prototype of the system has been developed and checked its predictability for rainfall-induced landslides.
Key Words : hillslope hazard, landslide prediction, disaster resilience, risk communication㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟: ◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗ 㐣ཤᩘᖺ㛫࡟ࢃࡓࡿࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ⏕Ꮡᇶ┙ᒎ㛤ࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᒣᆅࡢᩳ㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᳃ᯘ⏕ែ⣔ࡢ⏕Ꮡᇶ┙࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᅵᒙࡢࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢡࢫ࡜ᑑ࿨࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀࡽࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍᩳ㠃ኚື࡜ὶᇦᅵ◁⅏ᐖ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ࣔࢹࣝ໬࡜ண ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ᚋ⥅ࡢᣢ⥆ྍ⬟♫఍๰㐀ࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᚓࡽࢀࡓᡂᯝࢆ♫఍ᐇ⿦ࡋ࡚㸪SDGࡢ㐩ᡂ࡟㈨ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㧗ᗘ໬࡜᪉ἲㄽⓗ◊✲ࢆ୪⾜ࡋ࡚㐍ࡵࡿ࡭ࡃ㸪᪂ࡋ࠸యไ࡛ࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆࡓ㸬ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࡇࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡢ◊✲⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗ࠾ࡼࡧᐇ᪋ࡢィ⏬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭㸪ලయⓗ࡞ࢱࢫࢡࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿ㸬㏆ᖺࡢேⅭⓗẼೃኚືࡢᙳ㡪࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢྛᆅ࡛㸪ᅵ◁⅏ᐖࡀ኱つᶍ࣭㧗㢖ᗘ໬ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㇦㞵ࡢ㢖ᗘ࣭ᙉᗘࡢቑ኱ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿᑗ᮶Ẽೃୗ࡛ࡣ㸪ᅵ◁⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ㢧ᅾ໬ࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿ㸬㜵⅏ᑐ⟇࡜ࡋ࡚㸪◁㜵ሖሐࡢࡼ࠺࡞ேᕤᵓ㐀≀ࢆ඲࡚ࡢὶᇦ࡟᏶ഛࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⎔ቃᙳ㡪࡞࡝ࡢᣢ⥆ྍ⬟㛤ⓎࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽࡳ࡚ࡶࡩࡉࢃࡋ࠸᪋⟇࡜ࡣ࠸࠼࡞࠸㸬≉࡟㸪ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢⓎᒎ㏵ୖㅖᅜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⤒῭ⓗ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽ㸪ࣁ࣮ࢻᑐ⟇ࡢ᥎㐍ࡔࡅ࡛⿕ᐖ㍍ῶࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ⌧ᐇⓗ࡛࡞࠸㸬㇦㞵࡟ࡼࡿᅵ◁⅏ᐖ࡟ࡋ࡞ࡸ࠿࡟ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿᙉ㠌࡞ᆅᇦ♫఍ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪ᵓ㐀≀ᘓ⠏ࢆᇶᮏ࡜ࡋࡓࣁ࣮ࢻᑐ⟇࡟ࡼࡿ㜵⅏࠿ࡽ㸪᝟ሗ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ㆙ᡄ࣭㑊㞴ࢆ୺࡜ࡋࡓࢯࣇࢺᑐ⟇࡟ࡼࡿῶ⅏࡬࡜᪋⟇ࢆ㌿᥮ࡋ㸪Ẽೃኚື㐺ᛂࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࢆᬑཬࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᅵ◁⅏ᐖ࡬ࡢᆅᇦⓗ࡞ࣞࢪ࢚ࣜࣥࢫࡢྥୖࢆᅗࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㠉᪂ⓗ࡞ᩳ㠃ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻࡢホ౯࣭ྍど໬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢⓎᒎ㏵ୖᅜ࡟㐺⏝ࡋ㸪ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡢᅵ◁⅏ᐖࣞࢪ࢚ࣜࣥࢫࢆ㣕㌍ⓗ࡟ྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࡣ㸪㇦㞵࡟ࡼࡿᩳ㠃ᔂቯ࠾ࡼࡧᅵ▼ὶࡢࣁࢨ࣮ࢻ㸦༴㝤ᗘ㸧ࡢ᫬✵㛫ኚ໬ࢆ㏣㊧ࡋ㸪ᒣ㯄ᇦ࡛ࡢᅵ◁⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡࢆྍど໬࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᚑ᮶ࡼࡾࡶ᱁ẁ࡟☜ᗘ࣭⢭ᗘࡢ㧗࠸㆙ᡄ࣭㑊㞴᝟ሗࡢⓎಙࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪௵ពࡢ᝿ᐃ㇦
㞵ࢆධຊ࡜ࡋࡓࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠸㸪㝆㞵ᙉᗘࡸ㝆㞵㔞࡜㸪ᩳ㠃ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻቑ኱ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࢆᐃ㔞ⓗ࠿ࡘどぬⓗ࡟ᥦ♧ࡋ㸪ᆅᇦఫẸ࡜ࡢࣜࢫࢡࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶά⏝ࡍࡿ㸬ᮏᥦ᱌࡛ࡣ㸪ࡲࡎᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢᒣ㛫ᇦࢆᑐ㇟࡟㸪⏦ㄳ⪅ࡽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㛤Ⓨࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㠉᪂ⓗ࡞ᩳ㠃ࣁ

029- 29 -

ࢨ࣮ࢻࡢホ౯࣭ྍど໬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢヨ㦂ⓗᐇ⿦ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚㐺⏝ᛶࢆ☜ㄆ㸦ࣇ࢕࣮ࢪࣅࣜࢸ࢕ࢫࢱࢹ࢕ࢆᐇ᪋㸧ࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪㇦㞵࡟ᑐࡍࡿᅵ◁⅏ᐖࡢῶ⅏ࡢࡓࡵࡢᶆ‽ࢶ࣮ࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ౪ฟ㸦ࢹࣇ࢓ࢡࢺࢫࢱࣥ
ࢲ࣮ࢻ໬㸧ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀ♫఍ᐇ⿦ࡉࢀ㸪Ẽೃኚື㐺ᛂࡢ୍ࡘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣔࣥࢫ࣮ࣥ࢔ࢪ
࢔ᆅᇦ࡛ࡢ㇦㞵⅏ᐖࡢ⿕ᐖ㍍ῶ࡟ᙺ❧࡚ࡽࢀࡿ㸬㸰㸬ィ⏬
 ලయⓗィ⏬࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࡲࡎ㸪ᒣᆅࡢὶᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩳ㠃ᔂቯணഛ≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿᅵᒙࡢ⏕ᡂ࣭㞟✚㏿ᗘࢆ㸪Ᏹᐂ⥺⏤᮶ࡢᨺᑕᛶྠ఩యࡢศᯒ࡜㸪⣽ᐦࢹࢪࢱࣝᆅᙧ᝟ሗࡢゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ỵᐃࡋ㸪ᅵᒙࡢཌࡳࡢ✵㛫ศᕸࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿ㸬ḟ࡟㸪㝆Ỉᾐ㏱࡟క࠺ᅵᒙ୰ࡢ㛫㝽Ỉᅽኚືࢆࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࡋࡓࡢࡕ㸪ᩘ್ィ⟬࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ほ ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ෌⌧ࡋ㸪Ỉᩥࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ㸬᭱ᚋ࡟ࡇࢀࡽ஧ࡘࡢᆅᙧ࣭Ỉᩥࣔࢹࣝࢆ࢝ࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢࡋ㸪㝆㞵ࡢ㐍⾜࡟క࠺ᩳ㠃ࡢ୙Ᏻᐃ㡿ᇦࡢᣑࡀࡾࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁ㸪᳃ᯘࡢᶞෙࡸ᰿⣔ࡀ㸪㝆Ỉᾐ㏱ࡸᅵᒙ⿵ᙉ࡟ཬ
ࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟⪃៖ࡍࡿ㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ㸪ᐇ㝿ࡢ㇦㞵࡟ࡼࡿⓎ⅏≧ἣ࡟↷ࡽࡋ࡚㸪ࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡿண
ࡢ⢭ᗘ࡜☜ᗘࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ 1㸬ࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡿᅵᒙⓎ㐩̿㝆Ỉᾐ㏱̿ᔂቯⓎ⏕ࡢண࡜᳨ド౛ࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉࡢࣔࢹࣝࡣ᪤࡟ᵓ⠏ࡉࢀ㸪㐣ཤࡢⓎ⅏஦౛࡜ࡢᑐ↷࡟ࡼࡾጇᙜᛶࡢ☜ㄆࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ
1㸧㸬ࡓࡔࡋ㸪ண ࡢ⢭ᗘ࡜☜ᗘ࡟ࡣྥୖࡢవᆅࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪㐺⏝ࡢ᪉ἲㄽ᳨ウࡶㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ྛ㐣⛬ࡢࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢ࡜ィ⟬ࢆᯇᅄࡀ㸪ὶᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈᩥ㐣⛬࡜᳃ᯘᶵ⬟ࡢࣔࢹࣝ໬ࡢጇᙜᛶホ౯ࢆ⏥ᒣࡀ㸪ᒾ┙ࡢ㢼໬࡜ᅵᒙⓎ㐩㐣⛬ࡢࣔࢹࣝ໬ࡢጇᙜᛶホ౯ࢆΏ㑓ࡀ㸪ᆅᇦ♫఍࡬ࡢᐇ⿦࡜ࣜࢫࢡࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟
࠾ࡅࡿ᪉ἲㄽࡢ᳨ウࢆᒣᮏࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ⾜࠺㸬ࡇࡢ◊✲࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣ㸪⇕ᖏ࣭ள⇕ᖏࡢᒣᆅὶᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㸪Ẽೃኚື࣭᳃ᯘᡂ❧࣭ᅵተⓎ㐩࣭Ỉᚠ⎔࣭ᅵ◁⛣ື࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿỈᩥᆅᙧ㐣⛬ࡢ 5 せ⣲ࡢ┦஫స⏝ࡢ῝࠸⌮ゎ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㸪ῶ⅏ࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࡼ࠺࡜௻ᅗࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛
࠶ࡿ㸬ὶᇦࡢ⎔ቃࡣᆅᇦ♫఍ࡢ⏕Ꮡᇶ┙ࢆᵓᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓẼᅪ࣭Ỉᅪ࣭ᆅᅪ࣭⏕≀ᅪࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟
࠾ࡅࡿᆅ⌫⾲ᒙࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࢆࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟࡞࠸ษࡾཱྀ࠿ࡽከ㝵ᒙⓗ࡟࡜ࡽ࠼㸪ࡇࡢ⏕Ꮡᇶ┙ࡢᑑ࿨ࡸᣢ
⥆ྍ⬟ᛶࢆከ㠃ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡋ࡚㸪ῶ⅏ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ᙺ❧࡚ࡿ࡜࠸࠺㸪┿࡟⤫ྜⓗ࡛඲ࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸ヨࡳࢆᐇ㊶ࡋࡼ࠺࡜
ࡍࡿⅬࡀ㸪ᮍ㋃⛉Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᮏ◊✲ࡢព⩏࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ᥦ᱌ࡣ㸪ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞㛤Ⓨ┠ᶆࡢ࠺ࡕ㸪┠ᶆ 11㸦Ᏻ඲࣭Ᏻᚰ࡞ᒃఫ⎔ቃ࣭ᆅᇦ♫఍ࡢᐇ⌧㸧㸪13㸦Ẽೃኚື࡬ࡢᑐ⟇࣭㐺ᛂ㸧㸪15㸦㝣ᇦࡢ⎔ቃಖ඲㸧ࡢ㐩ᡂ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿ㸬ᩳ㠃ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻࢆᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࡋ㸪ྍど໬ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ౪ฟࡣ㸪Ᏻ඲࣭Ᏻᚰ࡛⅏ᐖ࡟ᙉ࠸ᆅᇦ♫఍ࡢᙧᡂ࡟┤᥋ⓗ࡟㈉⊩࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆཧ↷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ᅵ◁⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡࡢቑ኱࡟┤㠃ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᮾ࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦࡢ⾜ᨻᐁ࠿ࡽᐇົ⪅㸪ᆅᇦఫẸ࡟࠸ࡓࡿࡲ
࡛㸪࠶ࡽࡺࡿ㝵ᒙࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮ࡀ㇦㞵᫬࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⾜ືࡍࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࡢ࠿㸪ᣦ㔪ࢆᐃࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿ㸦┠ᶆ 11㸧㸬Ẽೃኚື࡬ࡢᑐ⟇ࡣ㸪࠸ࡲࡸ ᐊຠᯝ࢞ࢫࡢ᤼ฟᢚไ࡞࡝ࡢཎᅉᑐ⟇࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎ㸪᪤࡟ኚ໬ࡋጞࡵࡓẼೃ࡬ࡢᑐᛂࡀ㏕ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪㇦㞵㢖ᗘࡢቑ኱࡟ࡼࡿᅵ◁⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡࡢቑ኱࡜࠸࠺ၥ
㢟࡟ᑐࡋ㸪♫఍ᐇ⿦ྍ⬟࡞ࢶ࣮ࣝࡢ㛤Ⓨ࣭ᥦ౪࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᐇຠⓗ࡞ᑐᛂ⟇ࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦┠ᶆ 13㸧㸬ᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ㸪᳃ᯘ࡟ࡼࡿᒣᆅᩳ㠃ࡢಖ඲ຠᯝࣔࢹࣝࢆෆໟࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᳃ᯘఆ᥇࡟కࡗ࡚㸪ᩳ㠃ࣁࢨ࣮ࢻࡀ࡝ࢀ࡯࡝ቑ኱ࡍࡿ࠿ࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪᳃ᯘ⿕そ⎔ቃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿேⅭⓗᅵᆅᨵኚࡀ㸪࡝ࢀ࡯࡝⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡቑ኱ࡉࡏࡿ࠿ࢆᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯࡛ࡁ㸪᳃ᯘఆ᥇➼ࡢᅵᆅ฼⏝ኚ᭦ࢆྵࡴ㛤Ⓨࡢᖐ⤖࡜㛤Ⓨྍ⬟㝈⏺ࡢᣦᶆࢆᥦ♧࡛ࡁࡿ㸦┠ᶆ 15㸧㸬030

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⥙≧ὶ㊰Ἑᕝ࿘㎶ࡢ㒔ᕷࡢᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࡢࡓࡵࡢ
᭱㐺࡞Ἑᕝᩚഛࡢ᳨ウ
Suitable river regulation work for sustainable development of cities
around braided rivers➉ᯘ ὒྐ1㸪⸨⏣ ṇ἞1㸪୰す ჆ᏹ2㸪ࢸ࢕ࣥ ࢸ࢕ࣥ ࢺ࢙࢘3
Hiroshi TAKEBAYASHI1, Masaharu FUJITA2, Yoshihiro NAKANISHI2
and TIN TIN HTWE2
1ி㒔኱Ꮫ 㜵⅏◊✲ᡤDisaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ◊✲ᡤ
Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University3࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ
Mandalay Technological University

Lands in and around rivers are the habitat for human being and riverine fauna and flora. These lands are deformed
due to floods with time and have life-time. In this study, relationship between life of people and flow/channel
deformation characteristics of the Ayeyarwady River, Myanmar is investigated and the suitable river regulation works
for braided rivers are discussed.
Key Words : Braided river, Ayeyarwady river, river regulation work, Mandalay㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝࡣ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥᅜෆࢆ༡໭࡟⦪
᩿ࡍࡿ኱Ἑᕝ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ὶᇦ㠃✚ࡣ᪥ᮏᅜᅵࡢ㠃✚ࡼࡾࡶᗈ࠸413,710m2࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝὶ
ᇦෆࡢ⯪⯧⯟⾜ྍ⬟㊥㞳ࡣ3,200 km࡟ཬࡧ㸪࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥᅜෆ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ≀㈨㍺㏦⏝⯟㊰࡜ࡋ࡚㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝࡣ㸪ᅗ
2࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪୰ὶᇦ࡛⥙≧ὶ㊰࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿὶ㊰ᙧែ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⥙≧ὶ㊰ࡣὶ㊰ࡢศᒱ࣭ྜὶࡀ
ከࡃࡢሙᡤ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋ㸪኱ᑠᵝࠎ࡞ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢὶ㊰ࡀ⥙┠≧ࡢὶ㊰⥙ࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚ὶࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪ὶ㊰㛫ࡢὶỈ࣭ὶ◁ࡢ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ὶ㊰ࡢ఩⨨ࡸᙧ≧ࡀ㢖⦾࡟ኚ໬ࡋ㸪⯟㊰ࡢ⥔ᣢࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸Ἑᕝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ὶ㊰ࡢ఩⨨ࡸᅗ 1 ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝ࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࡓỈไᙧ≧ࡢኚ໬ࡣ㸪Ἑᓊᾐ㣗ࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ὥ
Ỉỏ℃ࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪⥙≧ὶ㊰࿘㎶ࡣ⏕άࡢሙ࡜ࡋ࡚୙Ᏻᐃ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪⥙≧ὶ㊰࿘㎶ࡢ㒔ᕷࡢᙧ
ᡂ࡟ࡣὶ㊰ࡢኚື≉ᛶཬࡧὥỈὶࡢỏ℃≉ᛶࡀᙉࡃᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪㒔ᕷࡢᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣὶ㊰ཬࡧὥỈὶࡢ≉ᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓἙᕝᩚഛࡀ㔜せ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ὶ㊰ኚືࡸὥỈỏ℃࡟ᑐࡍࡿᕷẸࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡣ㸪ᅜࡸᆅᇦ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿ㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪Ἑᕝ࿘㎶࡟ேཱྀࡀᐦ㞟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏࡢపᖹᆅࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᆅ
ᇦ࡛ࡣ㸪ὥỈỏ℃ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞⬣ጾ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪἞ỈࡀἙᕝᩚഛࡢ㔜せ࡞┠ᶆ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ẖᖺࡢࡼ࠺࡟ὥ
Ỉࡀỏ℃ࡍࡿ࢝ࣥ࣎ࢪ࢔ࡢࢺࣥࣞࢧࢵࣉ†࣭ࢺࣥࣞࢧࢵࣉᕝ࿘㎶࡛ࡣ㸪ὥỈࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ㎰ᴗ࣭⁺ᴗࡀႠࡲࢀ
࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ὥỈࡣ⏕ά࡟ᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡞Ꮡᅾ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ἑᕝࢆ⯟㊰࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᆅᇦ࡛ࡣ㸪ὶ㊰ኚືࡣྍ⬟࡞㝈ࡾᢚไࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀἙᕝᩚഛࡢ┠ᶆ࡜࡞ࡿࡀ㸪ሐ㜵ࡀᙉᅛ࡟ᘓタࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿἙᕝࡀከ࠸᪥ᮏ
࡛ࡣ㸪పỈ㊰࡟࠾ࡅࡿὶ㊰ࡢኚືࡣ㸪Ἑᗋࡢ㛫㝽ࡢዲẼᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ἑ㐨ෆࡢື᳜≀ࡢ⏕ᜥሙࡢ㉁ࢆ㧗ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪Ἑ㐨ෆࡢ⏕ែࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢಖᏑ࣭๰⏕࡟᭷ຠ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪Ἑᕝᩚഛࡢ᪉ἲࡣ㸪ᑐ㇟ᆅ

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ᅗ 2 ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥᅜ࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕷ࿘㎶ࡢ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝࡢὶ㊰ࡢᖹ㠃ᙧ≧ࡢ⤒ᖺኚ໬㸦Source: Data is provided from Ministry ofTransportation, Myanmar㸧ᅗ 3 Sagaing ᆅⅬ㸦࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕷ㸧ࡢ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝࡢὶ㔞
㸦Source: Data is provided from DMH㸧ᇦࡢ♫఍ⓗ࡞せㄳࢆᢕᥱࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢ♫఍ⓗせㄳࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࢆྲྀࡾ
࡞ࡀࡽ㸪᭱㐺࡞᪉ἲࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᑐ㇟ᆅᇦࡢ♫఍ⓗ࡞せㄳࢆᢕᥱࡋࡘࡘ㸪⥙≧ὶ㊰࿘㎶ࡢ㒔ᕷࡢᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࡢࡓࡵࡢ᭱㐺࡞Ἑᕝᩚഛࡢ᪉ἲࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬㸰㸬࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝ࡟࠾ࡅࡿἙᕝᩚഛ ࣑࣐࣮࡛ࣕࣥࡣ㸪᳜Ẹᮇ࠿ࡽ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝ㸦࢖ࣛ࣡ࢪᕝ㸧ࡢ
ᅗ 4 ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥᅜෆࡢᘓタ῭ࡳࡢࢲ࣒⟶⌮ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ㸪࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝࡢỈ఩㸪㸦RPTCC㸦2008a, 2008b㸧, Earthrights
ὶ㏿㸪ᾋ㐟◁㔞㸪Ἑᗋ఩㸪Ἑᗋᮦᩱࡢ⢏ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ẚ㍑ⓗ㛗ᮇ㛫International 㸦2008㸧㸧
ほ ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢ௚ࡢⓎᒎ㏵ୖᅜ࡜ẚ࡭࡚ࡶἙᕝࡢࢹ
࣮ࢱࡀ㇏ᐩ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕷ࿘㎶ࡢ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝ࡟
ࡣ㸪ὶྥࡢࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣝࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓᅗ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞Ỉไࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪⯟㊰⥔ᣢࡢࡓࡵࡢὶ㊰఩⨨ࡢᅛᐃ໬ࡢ♫఍ⓗせㄳࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᅗ 4 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪2008 ᖺ᫬
Ⅼ࡛࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࢲ࣒ࡀᘓタࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᘓタ୰ࡢࢲ࣒ࡶ」ᩘᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢࢲ࣒ࡣ㸪Ⓨ㟁ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Ⓨᒎࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ࣑࣐࣮ࣕࣥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㟁ຊ㟂せࡢቑຍ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ᩚഛࡀ㐍ࡳࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬 ᅗ 4 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟㸪஝ᮇࡢ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝࡢὶ㔞ࡣ⣙ 2000m3/s ࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪㞵ᮇࡣ⣙ 25000m3/s ࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ὶ㔞ࡀ 10 ಸ௨ୖ␗࡞ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪஝ᮇ࡟୰ᕞࡀἙᓊ࡜ࡋ࡚㝣໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᆅᇦ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶ㞵ᮇ࡟ᾐỈࡍࡿ㸬࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕷ⾤ᆅࡶᾐỈࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪㒔ᕷࡢఫẸࡣὥỈ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ༴ᶵឤࡀᙉ࠸㸬୍᪉㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ୰ᕞࡸ
࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕷ㑹እࡢὶ㊰࿘㎶ࡢᅵᆅࡣ஝ᮇ࡟ࡣ㎰ᆅ࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ேᐙࡶᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᅵ
ᆅࡢఫẸࡣ㸪㞵ᮇ࡟ࡣᆅ┙ࡢ㧗࠸ሙᡤ࡟⛣ືࡍࡿ㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ὥỈ≉ᛶࡸὶ㊰ኚື≉ᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ⏕άࡀႠࡲࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ὥỈ⌧㇟ࢆᕷ⾤ᆅࡢఫẸ࡯࡝ᙉࡃ⅏ᐖ⌧㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᤊ࠼࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬㸱㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ ࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕷ࿘㎶ࡢ࢚࣮ࣖ࣡ࢹ࢕࣮ᕝࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪⥙≧ὶ㊰࿘㎶ࡢ㒔ᕷࡢᣢ⥆ⓗ࡞Ⓨᒎࡢࡓࡵࡢ᭱㐺࡞Ἑᕝᩚഛࡢ᪉ἲࡢ᳨ウࢆጞࡵࡓ㸬࣐ࣥࢲ࣮ࣞᕷ࿘㎶ࡢ⥙≧ὶ㊰ࡢἙᕝᩚഛࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪⏕ά⎔ቃࡢ኱ࡁࡃ␗࡞ࡿᕷẸࡢἙᕝ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡘࡘ㸪἞Ỉ࡜฼Ỉࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓἙᕝᩚഛࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪௒ᚋ㸪ࡼࡾලయⓗ࡞Ἑᕝᩚഛ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ㸬

032- 32 -

ࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࡢ⇕ᖏ‵₶ὶᇦࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࡋࡓ
ὥỈ࣭ⅆ⅏ࣜࢫࢡ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ ᬮ໬㐺ᛂ⟇Climate Change Adaptations for Flood and Fire Risks in Humid TropicalRiver Basins in Sumatra Islandబᒣ ᩗὒ1㸪ᒣᮏ ࢚ࣂ ࣑࢔ ࢩࢫ࢝1㸪ᒣᮏ ᾈ኱2㸪࢔ࣆࣉ3
Takahiro SAYAMA1, Eva Mia Siska YAMAMOTO 1, Kodai Yamamoto2 and Apip 3
1ி㒔኱Ꮫ㜵⅏◊✲ᡤDisaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉Graduate Schoold of Engineering, Kyoto University3࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔LIPI㝣ỈᏛ◊✲ᡤ
LIPI Center for Limnology, Indonesia
This project investigates the conditions of floods and peatland fires in humid tropical river basins, whose downstream
have been widely developed for oil palm plantations. We analyze remote sensing data to evaluate the relationshipbetween flood and fires. We particularly focus on the Batanghari River basin in Sumatra Island and apply the RainfallRunoff-Inundation (RRI) model reflecting local hydrologic characteristics. This paper summarizes our research
proposal and the summary of the primary output using the modeling and remote sensing.
Key Words : Peatland, Flood, Fire, Haze, Humid Tropics, Hydrology, Sumatra Island㸯㸬◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ࡜┠ⓗୡ⏺ࡢ⇕ᖏἾⅣᆅࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ⣙ࡣᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡟఩⨨ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࡢ㠃✚ࡣ⣙୓NP࡜ᮏᕞ࡟༉ᩛࡍࡿ㠃✚ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔࣭ࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࡢࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣᖺ௦࡟ᛴ㏿࡟㛤Ⓨࡀጞࡲࡾࠊ1985ᖺ࠿ࡽ25ᖺ㛫࡛⣙25㸣ࡢ⇕ᖏ㞵ᯘࡀᾘኻࡋࠊ⌧ᅾࡣࠊᗈ኱࡞࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡢࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᆅᖏࡀᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢔
ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡣࠊ㹼ᖺ࡛཰✭㔞ࡀῶᑡࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥ࡛ࡣ㏆࠸ᑗ᮶࡟ᗈ⠊࡛᳜࠼᭰࠼ࡢ᫬ᮇࢆ㏄࠼ࡿࠋᅵᆅ฼⏝ኚ໬࡜ẼೃኚືࡣࠊὶᇦỈᚠ⎔ࡸᅵተỈศ㔞࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋࠊὥỈࡸ᳃ᯘⅆ⅏࡞࡝ࡢ⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡࢆ
ቑ኱ࡉࡏࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊୖὶἙᕝࡢὶἣࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊἾⅣ‵ᆅࡢỈᚠ⎔࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ࣓࢞ࣛ࢖ࢫ
ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡞࡝‵ᆅᖏࡢ஝⇱໬ࢆక࠺㎰ᆅ㌿⏝ࡣࠊἾⅣⅆ⅏ࡢࣜࢫࢡࢆቑ኱ࡉࡏࡿࠋ஦ᐇࠊ2015ᖺ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓⅆ⅏࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࡢ᳃ᯘࡸἾⅣ‵ᆅ࡛10,279km2ࡀ⇞↝ࡋࠊⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ↮ᐖ㸦࣊࢖ࢬ㸧ࡀᅜ㝿ⓗ࡞⎔ቃၥ㢟࡟ⓎᒎࡋࡓࠋẼೃኚືࡢᙳ㡪࡛ࠊୗὶࡢἾⅣ‵ᆅ࡛ᾐỈࡀ㛗ᮇ໬ࡋࠊሙᡤ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡢࣉࣛ
ࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⥅⥆࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊἾⅣ‵ᆅࡢ‵₶໬ࡣࠊἾⅣⅆ⅏ࡢࣜࢫࢡ㍍ῶ࡟⤖ࡧ௜ࡃྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⾨ᫍ⏬ീࡢゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ㞵Ꮨ࡟ὥỈࡢ⿕ᐖࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊ஝Ꮨ࡟ἾⅣⅆ⅏ࡶⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺஧㔜ⱞࢆ⤒㦂ࡋࡓᆅᇦࡶᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᙜヱᆅᇦ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭱ᝏࡢ
ࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࡣࠊὥỈࣜࢫࢡࡀ㧗࠸ᆅᇦ࡛㎰ᆅࡢ฼⏝ࡀᨺᲠࡉࢀࠊᆅୗỈࢆྵࡴ⟶⌮ࡀ༑ศ࡟⾜ࡁᒆ࠿࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ
ࡉࡽ࡟ἾⅣⅆ⅏ࡢࣜࢫࢡࡀ㧗ࡲࡿ࡜࠸࠺≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪤ ◊✲ࡢከࡃࡣࠊὥỈ࡜ⅆ⅏ࢆูࡢࣁࢨ࣮ࢻ࡜ࡋ࡚
ྲྀࡾᢅࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋୗὶ࡟ἾⅣ‵ᆅࡀᗈࡀࡿ⇕ᖏὶᇦ࡛ࡣࠊᅵᆅ฼⏝ࠊᅵተỈศࠊὶฟࠊὥỈỏ℃࡞࡝ࢆ፹௓
ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ୧⪅ࡀ㛵ಀࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ㸯㸧ࠋὥỈ࡜ⅆ⅏ࣜࢫࢡࡢ┦཯ᛶࡸᅉᯝ㛵ಀ࡞࡝ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ࠺࠼࡛ࠊᑗ
᮶ࡢ⅏ᐖࣜࢫࢡࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࠊ㐺ษ࡞ᅵᆅ฼⏝⟶⌮ࡢ᪉⟇ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᆅᇦࡢᅵᆅ฼⏝᪋⟇ࡣࠊᙜヱᆅᇦࡢ♫఍⤒῭άືࡣࡶ࡜ࡼࡾࠊࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡞ ᐊຠᯝ࢞ࢫࡢ᤼ฟ࡟ࡶᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࠋ
ලయⓗ࡞◊✲ᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࣂࢱࣥࣁࣜᕝὶᇦࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊ㝆㞵ὶฟ࠿ࡽὥỈỏ℃ࡲ࡛ࢆ୍యⓗ࡟ゎᯒࡍࡿỈᩥࣔࢹࣝࢆ㐺⏝ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㐺⏝ࡋࡓỈᩥࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࠊẼೃኚືࡢண ᝟ሗࢆධຊࡋ࡚ࠊᆅ⾲ࡢỈศ≧ែࡸࠊἾⅣ‵ᆅᖏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᾐỈࡢ≧ἣࢆண ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᵝࠎ࡞࣮ࣜࣔࢺࢭࣥࢩࣥࢢ᝟ሗࢆά⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᅵᆅ฼⏝ࡢኚ໬ࠊ᳃ᯘⅆ⅏ࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣࠊᅵተỈศ㔞ࡢ᫬✵㛫ศᕸ࡞࡝ࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࠊྠୖࣔࢹ
ࣜࣥࢢࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋⅆ⅏ࡢࣜࢫࢡ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᐇ㝿࡟᳃ᯘࡸἾⅣ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⅆ⅏ࢆ࣮ࣜࣔࢺࢭ
ࣥࢩࣥࢢ࡛ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔◊✲ᡤࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࡢἾⅣ‵ᆅ࿘㎶࡟タ⨨ࡋ

033- 33 -

ࡓ㧗᫬✵㛫ศゎ⬟ࡢᑠᆺẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㝆㞵ࡢ᫬✵㛫ศᕸࢆヲ⣽࡟ศᯒࡋࠊỈᩥࣔࢹࣝ࡟ධຊࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊὥỈ࣭ⅆ⅏ࣜࢫࢡ࣐ࢵࣉࢆసᡂࡍࡿࠋẼೃኚືࡢᙳ㡪ࡶ㋃ࡲ
࠼࡚᥎ᐃࡋࡓࣜࢫࢡ᝟ሗࢆࡶ࡜࡟⌧ᆅࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢡ࣍ࣝࢲ࣮࠿ࡽࡶពぢ⫈ྲྀࢆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᗈ
ᇦ࡟ᗈࡀࡿࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞Ẽೃኚື㐺ᛂࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ㸰㸬௒ᖺᗘࡢᡂᯝᴫせ㸦㸯㸧Sentinel ⾨ᫍ᝟ሗ࡟ࡼࡿࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙ
ࣥᆅᖏࡢ≉ᐃ
Sentinel 1 ࡜ 2 ࡢ⾨ᫍ⏬ീࢆά⏝ࡋࠊ᳜ᯘᚋ
3 ᖺ௨ෆ࡜ࡑࢀ௨㝆ࡢ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮
ࢩࣙࣥࡢ✵㛫ศᕸࢆ㆑ูࡍࡿ࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ
㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚㐺⏝ࡋࡓࠋศ㢮᪉ἲࡣ Google Earthᅗ 1 ⇕ᖏἾⅣ‵ᆅ࡟࠾ࡅࡿὥỈ࡜ⅆ⅏◊✲ࡢࣇ࣮࣒ࣞEngine ࡢࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣛࣥࢲ࣒
ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋGoogle Earth Pro ࡢ࢜ࣝࢯ⏬ീ࠿ࡽ཰㞟ࡋࡓ 5,455 ᆅⅬࢆࢺ࣮ࣞࢽࣥࢢ᝟ሗ࡜ࡋ࡚ά
⏝ࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ᳜ᯘᚋ㸱ᖺ௨ෆࡢ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡣࠊ࢜ࣝࢯ⏬ീࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࠊࢡࣛ࢘ࣥᢞᙳ㠃✚㸦CPA㸧ࡀ
16m2ᮍ‶ࡢ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚㆑ูࡋࡓࠋศ㢮ࡢ⢭ᗘࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊSentinel 1 ࠾ࡼࡧ 2 ࡢᶆ‽ࣂࣥࢻ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊࢸࢡࢫࢳࣕศᯒࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ87%ࡢ᥎ᐃไᗘ࡛ࠊ᳜ᯘᚋ㸱ᖺ௨ෆࡢ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩ࡜ࡑࢀ௨
㝆ࡢ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࢆศ㢮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗࡓ 1)ࠋ
㸦㸰㸧࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡢὥỈ⿕ᐖ㛵ᩘࡢ᥎ᐃ ࣂ࢖࢔ࢫ⿵ṇࡉࢀࡓ NHRCM ࡢ㝆㞵ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ RRI ࣔࢹࣝ࡟ධຊࡋࠊRCP8.5 ࢩࢼࣜ࢜࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 21 ୡ⣖ᚋ༙ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊᾐỈ῝ࡀ⥅⥆ⓗ࡟ 25 cm ௨ୖ࡜࡞ࡿᾐỈᮇ㛫ࢆẖᖺồࡵࡓ 2)ࠋࡲࡓࠊJICA ሗ࿌᭩࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᾐỈᮇ㛫࡜ࠊ᳜ᯘᚋ㸱ᖺ௨ෆࡢ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡢ⮴Ṛ⋡ࢆ⥺ᙧ⿵᏶ࡋ࡚ࠊᾐỈᮇ㛫ࢆኚᩘ࡜ࡍࡿ⿕ᐖ㛵ᩘࢆồࡵࡓࠋࡇࡢ⿕ᐖ㛵ᩘࢆᣢࡕ࠸࡚ࠊRRI ࣔࢹࣝࡢฟຊ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ᳜ᯘᚋ 3 ᖺ௨ෆࡢ⮴Ṛ⋡ࢆྛࢢࣜࢵࢻࢭ࡛ࣝồࡵࡓࠋ ᅗ 2 ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾẼೃ࡜ᑗ᮶Ẽೃୗࡢ᳜ᯘᚋ 3 ᖺ௨ෆࡢ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡢ⮴Ṛ⋡ศᕸࢆ♧ࡍࠋୗὶ㒊࡛ࡣࠊ࢔ࣈࣛ
ࣖࢩࡀ⏕⫱ࡍࡿ 3 ᖺ㛫࡟ࠊ⮴Ṛ⋡ࡀ 50 %ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㡿ᇦࡀᏑᅾࡋࠊୗὶ㒊඲య࡟࠾ࡅࡿࡑࡢ㠃✚⋡ࡣࠊ⌧ᅾẼ
ೃୗࡢ 9 %࠿ࡽᑗ᮶Ẽೃୗ࡛ࡣ 27%࡟ቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊἾⅣᆅࡢ✵㛫ศᕸ࡜ࡇࡢ⮴Ṛ⋡ศᕸࡢ✵㛫ゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⮴Ṛ⋡ࡀ 50 %ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㡿ᇦࡣࠊᑗ᮶Ẽೃୗ࡛ࡣࠊἾⅣࢻ࣮࣒࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿᚤ㧗ᆅ㸦⌧ᅾࡢ୺せ࡞ࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㎰ᆅ㸧࡟ᣑ኱ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋἾⅣᆅ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣᆅୗỈ఩ࡢ⥔ᣢࡀ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡾࠊἾⅣࢻ࣮࣒࡛ᾐỈࡀ㢖Ⓨࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡢࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㎰ᴗ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚኱ࡁ࡞⤒῭ⓗᦆኻ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ⌧ᅾࡢᙧែ࡛ࡢࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⥔ᣢ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋἾⅣᆅࡢ⪔సᨺᲠࡣࠊἾⅣⅆ⅏࡟ࡶ⤖ࡧ௜ࡃࡢ࡛ࠊᾐỈ≧ἣࡢኚ໬ഴྥࡸண ࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࡓ㐺ᛂࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ᖺ⮴Ṛ⋡ ௨ୖࡢᾐỈ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩ᳜ᯘ

ἾⅣ‵ᆅ

Ἑᕝ

ᅗ 2 ࢔ࣈࣛࣖࢩࡢ᳜ᯘᚋ 3 ᖺ௨ෆࡢ⮴Ṛ⋡ࡀ 50 %ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㡿ᇦࡢኚ໬㸸㸦ᕥ㸧⌧ᅾẼೃ࡜(ྑ)ᑗ᮶Ẽೃཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) Yamamoto, EMS., Sayama, T., Yamamoto, K. & Apip: Mapping of Mature and Young Oil Palm Distributions in a Humid TropicalRiver Basin for Flood Vulnerability Assessment. IOP Conference Series. Earth and Environmental Sciences. (accepted), 2021.
2) Yamamoto, K., Sayama, T. & Apip: Impact of climate change on flood inundation in a tropical river basin in Indonesia. Prog Earth
Planet Sci 8, 5, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-020-00386-4.

034- 34 -

⇕ᖏἾⅣᆅ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⅏ᐖ࠾ࡼࡧỈᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟᝟ሗࡢά⏝
Utilization of Disasters and Hydro-meteorological Information in Tropical Peatland⏥ᒣ ἞ 1 ᑠᕝ ࡲࡾᏊ 1, ⣽ῡ ೔Ꮚ 1
Osamu Kozan 1, Mariko Ogawa 1, Michiko Hosobuchi 1
1 ி㒔኱Ꮫ ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔ᆅᇦ◊✲◊✲ᡤCenter for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

We conducted a continuous radar operation in eastern Sumatra, Indonesia in collaboration with central government
agencies (i.e., Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology; BPPT). We intend to calculate river runoff
and soil moisture in Riau Province (including Tanjung Luban Village), Indonesia by using radar-estimated rainfall andanalyze fire hazards from a water management perspective. Data analysis will be carried out in collaboration with thelocal government (i.e., Regional Disaster Management Agency; BPBD) and the Politeknik Negeri Bengkalis, apolytechnic in Bengkalis, Riau, Indonesia.
Key Words : Tropical Peatland , Radar-estimated Rainfall, Fire Hazardf㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ᗈ኱࡞ᮍ฼⏝ྍ⪔ᆅ࡜ࡋ࡚ୡ⏺ࡢὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ⇕ᖏἾⅣ‵ᆅࡢ฼⏝࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪᭱኱ࡢㄢ㢟ࡣⅆ⅏ண㜵࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ⅆ⅏ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ࡜㸪኱㔞࡟⵳✚ࡉࢀࡓ᭷ᶵ≀ࡀ㛗ᮇ㛫࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚⇞࠼⥆ࡅ㸪⭾኱࡞㔞ࡢ஧㓟໬Ⅳ⣲ࢆᨺฟࡍࡿࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎᆅᇦఫẸࡢ೺ᗣࡸᆅᇦ⤒῭࡟኱ᡴᧁࢆ୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪2009ᖺ௨㝆⥅⥆ⓗ࡟Ỉᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟ほ ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ᅜࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥࣜ࢔࢘ᕞࣈࣥ࢝ࣜࢫ┴࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ほ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡸẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮㸪ࢻ࣮ࣟࣥ࡞࡝࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ᝟ሗࢆࡶ࡜࡟㸪ⅆ⅏ࣜࢫࢡࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣఫẸ࡬ࡢᢏ⾡⛣㌿ࢆⲡࡢ᰿࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ⤒㦂ࢆά࠿ࡋ࡚㸪ⅆ⅏ࡸ኱Ẽởᰁ࡞࡝ࡢ⅏ᐖ࠾ࡼࡧỈᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟᝟ሗ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿ㸬㸰㸬⇕ᖏἾⅣᆅ࡟㛵㐃ࡍࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ᅜෆࡢἾⅣᆅ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ி㒔኱Ꮫᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸦ᙜ᫬㸧ࡢྂᕝࡽࡀ  ᖺ௦࡟ᅵተᏛ࠾ࡼࡧᆅᇦ◊✲ࡢどⅬ࠿ࡽ⥲ྜⓗ࡞◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ἾⅣᆅᇦࡢே㛫♫఍ࡢ≉ᚩࢆࠕ㏻㐣ᆺᩥ໬ࠖ࡜≉ᚩ࡙ࡅ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪୍ᐃࡢ༊⏬ࢆỌ⥆ⓗ࡟฼⏝ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ᅵᆅࢆⅬࠎ࡜⛣ືࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ฼⏝ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢ฼⏝ࡢ௙᪉ࡶᅛᐃࡏࡎ㸪᥇ྲྀࡸ⁺㸪⊁⊟㸪㎰⪔࡜࠸ࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆ᮲௳࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚㑅ᢥࡋ࡚⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡿࡶࡢ
࡛㸪⏕⏘ᇶ┙ࢆ⵳✚ࡋ࡞࠸♫఍ࡔ࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᚋ࡟ࢫࣁࣝࢺ㛗ᮇ㛤Ⓨ⊂⿢ୗ࡛እ㈨ᑟධ࡜ᅜෆ⛣Ẹ㸦ࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣑ࢢࣛࢩ㸧ປാຊࡀᢞධ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ㸪ᗈ⠊ᅖࡢἾⅣᆅࡀ௻ᴗ㎰ᅬ㸦ࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㸧࡟㌿᥮ࡉࢀ࡚㸪ᅵᆅࢆ஝⇱໬ࡉࡏࡓ㸬  ᖺ௦࡟ࡣ୰ኸ࣐࢝ࣜࣥࢱࣥᕞࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ࣓࢞ࣛ࢖ࢫ㸦 ୓ KD Ỉ⏣㛤Ⓨ㸧ィ⏬࡟ࡼࡾ㸪኱つᶍ࡞㐠Ἑ᥀๐࡜⇕ᖏἾⅣᯘࡢఆ᥇ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࡀ㸪 ᖺࡢࢫࣁࣝࢺయไᔂቯ࡟ࡼࡾ㡻᣸ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟኱つᶍ࡞ⅆ⅏ࡀ㢖Ⓨࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬໭ᾏ㐨኱ࡢ኱ᓮࡽࡣⲨᗫࡋࡓ୰ኸ࣐࢝ࣜࣥࢱࣥᕞࡢἾⅣᆅࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚㸪
ᖺᗘ࡟ᆅ⌫つᶍㄢ㢟ᑐᛂᅜ㝿⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡༠ຊ஦ᴗ 6$75(36ࠕ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࡢἾⅣ࣭᳃ᯘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿⅆ⅏࡜Ⅳ⣲⟶⌮ࠖࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᆅୖ࣭⾨ᫍほ ࢹ࣮ࢱ⼥ྜ࡛Ⅳ⣲ᨺฟ㔞ࢆṇ☜࡟ ᐃࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿ࡞࡝◊✲࡜࢟ࣕࣃࢩࢸ࢕ࣅࣝࢹ࢕ࣥࢢࡢ୧㠃࡛኱ࡁ࡞ᡂᯝࢆᣲࡆࡓ㸬 ୍᪉࡛Ỉᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟⌧㇟࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪 ᖺᗘ࡟ᾏὒ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓࡢᒣ୰ࡽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡉ
ࢀࡓ 6$75(36ࠕ▷ᮇẼೃኚືບ㉳※ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᾏ㝣ほ ⥙᭱㐺໬࡜㧗⢭ᗘ㝆㞵ண ࡛ࠖࡣ㸪࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࡢ
㝆Ỉ⌧㇟࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪥࿘ᮇࡢ㔜せᛶ࡜ᾏᓊ⥺㝆㞵㞟୰ࢆぢฟࡋࡓ㸬 ᖏⓗ࡞ᬕኳ᪥࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㞵Ꮨᝏኳ᪥࡟᫨
ࡢᾏ㢼ࡀ౪⤥ࡋࡓከ㔞ࡢỈ⵨Ẽࡀኪ㞵࡛ࠕᡴࡕỈࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚㝣㠃ࢆ෭༷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㢧ⴭ࡜࡞ࡿ᪥࿘ᮇࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞
࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆᥦၐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ཰㞟ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆỈᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟᝟ሗ࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ἙᕝỈᩥࣔࢹࣝィ⟬࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ྍ⬟ᛶࡶ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

035- 35 -

㸱㸬ἾⅣᆅ࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟᝟ሗ ⇕ᖏἾⅣᆅࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿୖ࡛ࢿࢵࢡ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡀ㸪ⅆ⅏ࡢⓎ⏕≧ἣࡸỈᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟᝟ሗࢆ㎿㏿࡟ᢕᥱࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᪥ᮏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣẼ㇟ᗇ࠾ࡼࡧᅜᅵ஺㏻┬࡟ࡼࡾẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࡢᩚഛࡀ㐍ࡳ㸪㇦㞵ࢆ┘どࡋ࡚ὥỈࢆண ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⿕ᐖࢆ㍍ῶࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ  ᖺ࡟Ẽ㇟ᴗົἲࡀ୍㒊ᨵṇࡉࢀ㸪Ẽ㇟
ᗇࡀ୍᪉㏻⾜ᆺ࡛ࠕᥦ౪ࠖࡋ࡚࠸ࡓኳẼணሗ࠿ࡽ㸪཮᪉ྥᆺࡢᐇἣኳẼணሗྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬౛࠼ࡤ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣ
ࠕ<DKRRኳẼࠖ࢔ࣉࣜࡢྜィࢲ࣮࢘ࣥࣟࢻᩘࡣ  ᖺ⌧ᅾ࡛⣙  ୓࡜࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪Ẽ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮࡟ࡼ
ࡿ㞵ᇦࡢᢕᥱࡸᐇἣኳẼணሗࡀ୍⯡࡟ࡶᬑཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ୍᪉㸪ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡛᭱ࡶᗈ࠸ほ ⠊ᅖࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔Ẽ㇟Ẽೃᆅ⌫≀⌮ᗇ ௨ୗ %0.* ࡔࡀ㸪㝆Ỉ㔞ほ ⥙ࡢ᫬✵㛫ゎീᗘࡣ༑ศ࡜ࡣゝ࠸ࡀࡓ࠸㸬౛࠼ࡤ㸪ἾⅣᆅࡀከࡃศᕸࡍࡿࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥ࡜࣐࢝ࣜࣥࢱࣥᓥ
࡛ࡣ㸪࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔Ẽ㇟Ẽೃᆅ⌫≀⌮ᗇ ௨ୗ %0.* ࡀほ ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㝆Ỉ㔞ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ✵㛫ゎീᗘࡣ NP ᅄ᪉࡟୍ࡘ࡯࡝࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ἾⅣᆅࡢ஝⇱࡜ⅆ⅏ࣜࢫࢡࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸≧ἣ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ୍᪉࡛㸪࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ
࢔඲ᅵࢆ࡯ࡰ࢝ࣂ࣮ࡍࡿ  ྎࡢ & ࣂࣥࢻẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࢆಖ᭷ࡋ㸪Ẽ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ྜᡂᅗࢆసᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿
ࡽᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣ୧⪅ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪㝆Ỉ᝟ሗࡢ๻ⓗ࡞ᨵၿࡀぢ㎸ࡲࢀࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋ⌧≧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪࣮ࣞࢲ࣮᝟ሗࢆඖ࡟ࡋࡓ㝆Ỉ㔞࡞࡝ࡢỈᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡬ࡢኚ᥮ࡣᐇ⏝໬ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎ㸪᝟ሗⓎಙࡶᮍࡔ࡟୙
༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

㸲㸬ἾⅣᆅ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⅏ᐖ᝟ሗࡢ㔜せᛶ ㉥㐨ᇦ࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿࣈࣥ࢝ࣜࢫ┴ 7/ ᮧ࡛ࡣ㸪 ᖺ  ᭶࡟ᮧ㠃✚ࡢ⣙ ࡢ KD ࡀ↝ࡅࡿቯ⁛ⓗ࡞⿕ᐖࢆཷࡅࡓ㸬Ẽ㇟ࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽゎᯒࡍࡿ࡜㸪ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ  ᭶ࡢ㝆Ỉ㔞ࡣ PP ࡛㸪࡞࠾࠿ࡘ໭ᮾ࠿ࡽࡢᏘ⠇㢼ࡀᙉ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬⌧ᆅఫẸࡣᖺࢆ໭㢼㸦  ᭶㸧㸪ᮾ㢼㸦㸪 ᭶㸧㸪༡㢼㸦㸫 ᭶㸧㸪す㢼㸦̿ ᭶㸧ࡢ  ࡘࡢᏘ⠇࡟ศ㢮ࡍࡿ㸬໭㢼࡜༡㢼Ꮨ⠇ࡀ஝ᮇ㸪ᮾ㢼࡜す㢼Ꮨ⠇ࡀ㞵ᮇ࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࡀ㸪 ᖺ࡟㝈ࡾ  ᭶ᚋ༙࡜ ᭶ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ  ᭶୰᪪ࡲ࡛࡯࡜ࢇ࡝㞵ࡀ㝆ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ᅗ  ࡣ  ᖺ 㸫 ᭶ࡢ⾨ᫍࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽࡢⅆ⅏᳨ฟᩘ࡜㸪ࣜ࢔࢘ᕞࣉ࢝ࣥࣂࣝ࠾ࡼࡧ࣐࣮ࣞࢩ࢔ᅜ࣒࢔࡛ࣝࡢ኱Ẽởᰁほ ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢẚ㍑࡛㸪ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁࡢⅆ⅏ࡀࣜ࢔࢘ᕞࡀ఩⨨ࡍࡿࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥ໭ᮾ㒊࡟㞟୰ࡋ㸪ἾⅣᆅⅆ⅏࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ኱Ẽởᰁ≀㉁ࡀᏘ⠇㢼࡟஌ࡗ࡚༡
ᮾ࡟఩⨨ࡍࡿࣉ࢝ࣥࣂࣝ࡟฿㐩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸦ᅗ 㸪.XZDWDHWDO㸧㸬ᅗ   ᖺ 㸫 ᭶ࡢ㸦D㸧⾨ᫍ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓⅆ⅏᳨ฟศᕸ㸦‫ࣝࣂࣥ࢝ࣉە‬㸪‫ࣝ࢔࣒ڸ‬㸪Ⅼ⥺ࣈࣥ࢝ࣜࢫ
┴㸧㸪㸦E㸧᪥ูⅆ⅏᳨ฟᩘ㸦⅊Ⰽ㸸ࣜ࢔࢘ᕞ㸪㯮㸸ࣜ࢔࢘ᕞ௨እࡢࢫ࣐ࢺࣛᓥ㸧㸪ࣉ࢝ࣥࣂ࡛ࣝࡢ㸦F㸧
30 ࡜㸦G㸧&2 ⃰ᗘ㸪࣒࢔࡛ࣝࡢ㸦H㸧30 ࡜㸦I㸧&2 ࡜㸦J㸧62 ⃰ᗘ㸦.XZDWDHWDO㸧 ᙜᆅ࡛ࡢἾⅣᆅⅆ⅏ࡣ㸪⮬↛⅏ᐖ࡜ேⅭ⅏ᐖࡢ୧᪉ࡢഃ㠃ࢆᣢࡘ㸬௦⾲⪅ࡀ  ᖺ  ᭶࡟ 7/ ᮧ࡛⾜ࡗࡓ⌧ᆅఫẸ࠿ࡽࡢ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝ࠿ࡽ㸪 ᖺࡣ஝ᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ  ᭶࡟㔝↝ࡁࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀ㸪㏻ᖖ  ᭶࡟ࡣ㝆ࡾጞࡵࡿ㞵ᮇࡢ㛤ጞࡀ㏻ᖖᖺࡼࡾ  ࣨ᭶⛬ᗘ㐜ࢀࡓࡓࡵ࡟ⅆ⅏ࡀᗈࡀࡗࡓྍ⬟ᛶࡀ㧗࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡶࣜ࢔࢘ᕞࡢ௚ࡢᆅᇦ
࡛ࡣ〄ᆅࡸ␯ᯘࡀ᭱ࡶⅆ⅏ࣜࢫࢡࡀ㧗࠸ᅵᆅ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀ㸪7/ ᮧ࡛ࡣ↝ኻ㠃✚ࡢ⣙༙ศ㸦 㸧ࡀ⏘ᴗ㐀ᯘ௻ᴗ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⟶⌮ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࢔࢝ࢩ࢔ᯘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬௻ᴗࡢ⏘ᴗ㐀ᯘᆅ࡜ఫẸࡢᅵᆅࡢቃ⏺௜㏆࡛ⅆ⅏ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࠊ໭࠿ࡽࡢᏘ⠇㢼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚༡ഃ࡟⇞࠼ᗈࡀࡗࡓᵝᏊࢆ⾨ᫍゎᯒ࠿ࡽศᯒࡋࡓ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢゎᯒࢹ࣮ࢱࢆඖ࡟㸪ࣈࣥ࢝ࣜࢫ┴ࡢ㜵⅏ᒁࡸᆅᇦࡢᾘ㜵ᅋ㸦0DV\DUDNDW 3HGXOL$SL㸸03$㸧࡜㆟ㄽࡋ㸪௒ᚋ࡟ά࠿ࡍάືࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ἾⅣᆅࡣᗈᇦ࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㐨㊰ࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡟࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸㸬≉࡟ⅆ⅏Ⓨ⏕᫬࡟ࡣᆅ୰࡟₯ࡿἾ

036- 36 -

Ⅳⅆ⅏ࢆ┠ど࡛ぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡾࠊᾘⅆάືࡢ㞀ᐖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛  ᖺ࠿ࡽࡣ↓ே⯟✵ᶵࢻ࣮ࣟࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⇕ᖏἾⅣᆅ⟶⌮ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆᶍ⣴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ᖺ  ᭶࡟ࡣࣜ࢔࢘ᕞࡢࣉࣛࣛ࣡ࣥ┴࡛㉳ࡁࡓἾⅣⅆ⅏ࡢ᳨▱ࢆヨࡳࡓ㸬ᆅ୰࡟₯ࡿἾⅣⅆ⅏ࢆ┠ど࡛ぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡾ㸪᏶඲࡞ᾘⅆࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ㞀ᐖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㉥እ⥺࣓࢝ࣛࢆᦚ㍕ࡋࡓࢻ࣮ࣟࣥࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ⅆ⅏⌧ሙࢆ✵᧜ࡋࡓ⏬ീࢆᇶ࡟ⅆ⅏ࡢ఩⨨ࢆྍど໬ࡋࡓⅆ⅏ศᕸᅗࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋྍど໬ࡋࡓⅆ⅏ᅗࡣࠊ┠࡟ぢ࠼࡞࠸ⅆ⅏ࡢ఩⨨ࢆ≉ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵ㸪ఫẸ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭷⏝࡞᝟ሗࡢᥦ౪ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ .DPHRNDHWDO 㸬ᅗ  ࢻ࣮࡛ࣟࣥ᧜ᙳࡋࡓⅆ⅏⌧ሙࡢ㸦D㸧ྍど⏬ീ㸦E㸧㉥እ⏬ീ㸦F㸧ⅆ⅏ศᕸࡢᅗ
㸦Eࡢᯟෆࡣⅆ⅏↓ࡋ࢚ࣜ࢔㸪 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥᧜ᙳ㸧㸳㸬Ẽ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࡢタ⨨ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᑠᆺẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࢆࣜ࢔࢘ᕞࣈࣥ࢝ࣜࢫ┴࡟ᑟධࡋ㸪࿘㎶ᇦࡢ㞵㔞ศᕸࢆ᥎ᐃࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟
ἾⅣᆅⅆ⅏᫬ࡢά⏝ࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿ㸬ᾘ㜵ᅋ࠾ࡼࡧఫẸࡣ⾨ᫍ⏬ീ࠿ࡽ≉ᐃࡉࢀࡓⅆ⅏Ⓨ⏕Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢫ࣐࣍ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚☜ㄆࡋ㸪㏻ᖖࡣࣂ࢖ࢡ࡛ⅆ⅏Ⓨ⏕Ⅼ࡟ྥ࠿࠺㸬ἾⅣⅆ⅏ࡢ┘どࡢ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊሙᡤ
ࢆၥࢃࡎ↮㟝ࢆほ ࡛ࡁࡿ⾨ᫍ⏬ീࡢ᝟ሗࡣᅜࡸఫẸࡶྵࡵ࡚㛵ᚰࡀ㧗࠸㸬࠸ࡕ᪩ࡃᾘⅆάືࢆ㛤ጞࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㔜せ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ᭦᪂ࡢ㢖ᗘࡣ㸪⾨ᫍ⏬ീࡣ༙᪥ẖ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᮏ◊✲࡛ᑟධࡍࡿᑠᆺẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࡣ  ศ࡜▷࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ‽ࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒࡛ࡢ᝟ሗྲྀᚓࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪✵㛫ゎീᗘࡣ⾨ᫍ⏬ീ࡛ 㹼 NP⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᑠᆺẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮࡛ 㹼P ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ  ࣈࣥ࢝ࣜࢫ┴࡟タ⨨ࡋࡓྂ㔝㟁Ẽ〇ࡢ ; ࣂࣥࢻ஧㔜೫ἼࢻࢵࣉࣛẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㸧

037- 37 - タ⨨ࡋࡓẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪㞵ᇦศᕸࡢゎᯒ࡜㞵㔞᥎ᐃࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ  ࡣ࣮ࣞࢲ࣮࡛ᤊ࠼ࡓ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥ࡢ㝆㞵࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᆅᇦ࡟≉᭷࡞┿ኪ୰࠿ࡽ᫂ࡅ᪉࡟࠿ࡅ࡚Ⓨ㐩ࡍࡿ㞵㞼ࡢືࡁࢆゎᯒࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪⌧ᆅ࡟タ⨨ࡋࡓ㞵㔞ィ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᅗ  Ẽ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮࡛ᤊ࠼ࡓ㝆㞵࢖࣋ࣥࢺ㸦 ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㸧 ⌧ᅾࡢ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔Ẽ㇟ᗇ㸦%0.*㸧ࡀ⟶⌮ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࣃࣛࣥ࢝ࣛࣖ & ࣂࣥࢻ㸦Ἴ㛗⣙ FP㸧Ẽ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ほ࡛ࡣ㸪 ᖺࡢⅆ⅏࠾ࡼࡧ࣊࢖ࢬⓎ⏕᫬࡟ୖ✵ 㹼NP ௨ୗ࡛࢚ࢥ࣮㸦཯ᑕᙉᗘ㸧ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㸦5DKPDQ㸧㸬ᑠᆺẼ㇟࣮ࣞࢲ࣮ࡣ ; ࣂࣥࢻ㸦Ἴ㛗⣙ FP㸧࡛࠶ࡾ㸪↮㟝࠿ࡽࡢࡼࡾヲ⣽࡞᝟ሗࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ᩓ஘ࡢ✀㢮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㞵ࠊ㞷࡞࡝ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞⢏Ꮚ࡟㟁ἼࢆⓎᑕࡋࠊ⢏Ꮚࡢᩓ஘ᙉᗘࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ┤᥋ᩓ஘ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ
࡞ࡃ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ኱Ẽࡢᒅᢡ⋡ኚື࡟ࡼࡿ㛫᥋ⓗ࡞ࣈࣛࢵࢡᩓ஘࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶゎᯒࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㸳㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࡢἾⅣᆅ࡛ࡣ㛤Ⓨࡀᛴ⃭࡟㐍ࡳࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪㜵⅏ࡸ⟶⌮ࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢖ࣥࣇࣛᩚഛࡣ୙༑ศ࡛࠶
ࡿ㸬௒ᚋࡣ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔࠾ࡼࡧ᪥ᮏ࡛㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓゎᯒᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪Ỉᩥ࣭Ẽ㇟᝟ሗ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ㸪⌧ᆅ࡬ࡢ♫఍㈉⊩ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) Kuwata M., G. G. N.-Naganathan, T. Mitakawa, M. F. Khan, O. Kozan, M. Kawasaki, S. Sumin, M. T. Latif, 2018: Constraining
the Emission of Particulate Matter from Indonesian Peatland Burning Using Continuous Observation Data. Journal of GeophysicalResearch: Atmospheres 123(17) 9
2) Kameoka T., O. Kozan, S. Hadi, Asnawi, Hasrullah, 2020: Mapping Peatland Fires Using a Drone Equipped with a Thermal Camera
Japan Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 59(5) 214 - 220
3) Rahman MA, DS Nugroho, MD Yamanaka, M Kawasaki, O Kozan, M Ohashi, H Hashiguchi, S Mori, 2021: Weather radar detectionof planetary boundary layer and smoke layer top of peatland fire in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, Scientific reports 11 (1), 1-9038- 38 -

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040- 40 -

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Feasibility of tele-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for substance use disorders"-1(;1, Kristiana Siste 2, Enjeline Hanafi 2,
Youdiil Ophinni 34#'4*(%5
Chika Yamada 1, Ryota Sakamoto 1, Kristiana Siste 2, Enjeline Hanafi 2,
Youdiil Ophinni 3, Tomohiro Shinozaki 4, Toshihiko Matsumoto 5
9!) /2/2&Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University  !!8
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia !!!:
Harvard Medical School),1!$!8
Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science35006./2  7+ /28Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a major problem in Indonesia due to the large treatment gap. To improve coverageand sustainability of SUD treatment, we developed a novel cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based module termed
Indo-DARPP, delivered via telemedicine. A pilot study was done to explore acceptability and usability of tele-IndoDARPP. Five participants were recruited; all were male, median age 38.6, and most used benzodiazepines. 80% (4/5)
of participants finished the 3-months treatment. Participants reported positive acceptability and usability, and 75% (3/4)
preferred telemedicine rather than in person therapy. Overall, tele-Indo-DARPP has potential to improve treatment
sustainability, reduce the treatment gap, and prolong the life expectancy of people with SUD in Indonesia.
Key Words : substance use disorder, telemedicine, cognitive behavioural therapy, relapse prevention, motivational
interviewing, low- and middle- income country

1. Introduction
The number of people with substance use disorder (SUD) worldwide reached 35 million in 2018,
including 650,000 deaths (a 65% increase in 15 years) (1). The disease burden is severe - premature deaths,
defined as death before reaching the life expectancy by age, account for the majority of these deaths. In
Indonesia, the third most populous low- and middle-income country (LMIC), people with SUD account for
1.8% of the population (3.3 million), of which 27% of them regularly use (2). There is generally no effective
pharmacotherapy to relieve addiction to these substances, and thus, psychotherapy is the main treatment. In
Indonesia, however, psychotherapy programs for SUD are not yet established, and their development anddissemination remain an important policy issue.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one psychotherapeutic modality that has been proven to beeffective in helping people with SUD to reach abstinence and ameliorate the severity of their addiction (3,4).
CBT works by helping people to analyze triggers and acquire coping skills in high-risk situations. However,to introduce CBT to Indonesia, accessibility issues need to be considered. There are only 48 psychiatrichospitals among the 260 million population, unevenly distributed with poor decentralization into the peripheral
areas (5). There is also a serious shortage of medical personnel. For every 1.4 million drug addicts in Indonesia,
there are less than 800 psychiatrists (6). In fact, in many LMICs including Indonesia, only 1% of drug addicts
have access to treatment (7).
Unless the content of the program is accessible to patients living in rural areas, and can be provided
by non-psychiatrist or even non-health professionals, the sustainability or longevity of any ‘imported’
treatment program is expected to be poor. Thus, we developed the Indonesia Drug Addiction Relapse
Prevention Program (Indo-DARPP) as a CBT-based treatment module for SUD which is adapted into the041- 41 -

Indonesian context. The main feature of the Indo-DARPP is that it uses a workbook and can be delivered bynon-mental health professionals.
Telemedicine has the potential to further elevate SUD treatment coverage in Indonesia. Internet
communication overcomes the geographical barriers of Indonesian archipelago, and saves time as well astransportation cost for both patients and providers, either in remote areas where health services are thinly
spread (8), or major cities with heavy traffic such as Jakarta (9). Privacy is more ensured; visiting clinics may
disclose SUD diagnosis, which is one of the most stigmatised health conditions (10). The program can becontinued safely under a pandemic as well.
2. Study objectives
 This study consists of a pilot study and a main study. The objective of the pilot study was to explore theacceptability and usability of the newly developed online provision of Indo-DARPP, and to refine it as needed
to complete the program with high feasibility of implementation. The objective of the main study is to examine
the feasibility and efficiency of tele-Indo-DARPP compared to treatment-as-usual using a randomized
controlled trial (RCT), with a nationwide recruitment. The current report pertains to the pilot study; the main
RCT is now in recruitment period.
3. Pilot study(1) Methodsa) Study participants
The setting for the pilot study was Cipto Hospital, a university hospital and the largest referral hospital inIndonesia. Recruitment was done in a convenience sampling from the outpatient psychiatric clinic. The
inclusion criteria were those who met all five of these: 1) age 18-65 years old, 2) diagnosed with drug or
alcohol use disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5), 3) have used
the primary drug at least once in the past year, 4) have a device capable of video call with Internet access, and5) proficient in Indonesian. Exclusion criteria were those who: 1) have a severe physical or mental disability
that hinders informed consent or data collection, or 2) use inpatient or residential services.
b) Intervention design
Study participants received tele-Indo-DARPP in addition to treatment-as-usual (TAU) in outpatient care.
The structure and content of the tele-Indo-DARPP were developed through focus group discussions withIndonesia-based researchers, psychiatrists, general physicians, and importantly, peer counsellors whothemselves recovered from SUD. The structure of the tele-Indo-DARPP intervention was weekly CBT in agroup (maximum 5 people) for a total of 12 sessions or 3 months, ~2 hours per session, through online videoconference via the application Zoom. The providers were one psychiatrist from the Department of Psychiatry,
University of Indonesia and one peer counselor from a non-profit non-government organization (NGO) dealing
with addiction.
Each session consisted of three parts: "check-in," "today's topic," and "check-out." In "check-in," eachparticipant used a calendar to review past week's drug use and craving situations. "Today’s topic" will be IndoDARPP chapter discussion and group sharing of related experiences. The workbook content is based on thecore concept of “relapse prevention” (RP) of CBT. In other words, the main session aim is to identify safe
situations as well as triggers to substance use, discuss prevalent thoughts that follow the trigger encounters,
and block the thought before it leads to craving and the negative spiral toward relapse. The workbook includes
elements of “motivational interviewing” (MI) to help patients resolve their ambivalence about substance use,and "psychoeducation” about physical and mental comorbidities that are frequent in SUD. In the "check-out"
session, the participants discuss their potential triggers in the next week and how to handle them.
The TAU for SUD in Indonesia includes brief (~15 minutes) consultations with a psychiatrist followed bysymptomatic medication (e.g., anxiolytics, antidepressants), individual peer counseling, and opioid
substitution therapy (e.g., methadone) for heroin dependence.

042- 42 -

c) Data collection
Prior to the intervention, a structured interview was conducted to assess participant characteristics. Semistructured interviews were conducted after the end of treatment to ask about the acceptability and usability ofthe tele-Indo-DARPP, and audio recordings were made with the participants' permission.
d) Data analysis
Descriptive statistics were calculated for participants’ characteristics. The interview recordings weretranscribed verbatim, translated into English, and then subjected to thematic analysis to identify
positive/negative aspects of acceptability and usability.
e) Ethical considerations
Potential participants were informed of the purpose of the study, the methods, the burdens and expectedrisks/benefits of participation, the voluntary nature of consent, and that consent could be withdrawn at any
time. Participation is only acknowledged if informed consent was obtained. All study participants were asked
to sign a pledge regarding group therapy participation, such as to keep discussion civilized and not to shareany information about other participants to any third party. This study protocol was approved by the Ethics
Review Committees of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, and the Graduate School of Medicine,
Kyoto University.
(2) Resultsa) Study participants Five patients participated in the study, characteristics of whom were shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Participant characteristics (n =5)
Male gender, n (%)

5100

Age in years, M (SD)

38.6

5.0

Household size in persons, M (SD)4

0.7

Jawa ethnicity, n (%)

360Islam religion, n (%)

480

Education highschool or lower, n (%)

5100

Never married, n (%)

480

Employed, n (%)

3

60

136.7

125.4

Duration since first use in years, M (SD)

3.2

2.5

Transportation time in mins, M (SD)

67.5

36.6

Transportation cost in USD, M (SD)

2.3

1.4

1

20

Benzodiazepine

360Heroin2

40

Individual income in USD, past month, M (SD)SUD treatment service

Involuntary, n (%)
Primarily used substance, n (%)b) Treatment completion
At the end of the 3-months intervention, 80% (4/5) of the participants finished the whole treatment duration.
The reason for the one patient dropping out was related to violation of group rule; he used abusive language
toward the providers to obtain money. Collective attendance in the tele-Indo-DARPP group was 93.3% (56out of 60 sessions).

043- 43 -

c) Interview results
We collected qualitative data on the acceptability and usability of the tele-Indo-DARPP program fromthe feedback of 4 participants who have finished treatment. Participants reported positive acceptability in termsof being able to open up on their personal matters, receive helpful counsellor’s advice, learn new things, feel
support from other participants, and broaden their view by listening and sharing to other participants in various
stages of recovery from SUD. On the other hand, participants complained of the Indo-DARPP contents, where
the terminologies used were not close enough to the reality in the streets, and medical information was notaccessible enough. Examples of interview data are provided in Table 2.
In terms of usability, the participants felt the benefit of convenience by joining from home, no wasted
time or cost for transportation, and felt good pacing between sessions. However, participants sometimes felt
frustrated with technical issues and wanted more time to share their story. In the end, 75% (3 out of 4)participants expressed their preference for online telemedicine, compared to face-to-face meeting.
Table 2. Themes and example interview raw data on acceptability and usability of tele-Indo-DARPP
Acceptability
Positive
Able to open up personal matters‘Talking about my meth use reminded me of all the things, like my ex-girlfriend and my old friends who diedof AIDS. I had never talked about it with anyone before. I never thought of sharing it because nobody would
understand me anyway. But in the program, others also shared similar things and I felt like accepted.’Counsellor’s advice was impressive‘I learnt the meaning of one day at a time from him [Counsellor]. Even if I used drugs yesterday, it's
important to start another new day there and try to live better at least on that day. Repeat and build on it.
That sort of thinking helps a lot.’
Learned new things from texts‘Making schedule was new to me. Keeping myself busy can distract me from things I want to forget.’
Felt others supporting me‘I thought no one would care about me, but that's not true when I was in the program. I could complete theprogram because everyone, I mean other patients too, supported me.’Broaden view by listening to other participants' experience in various recovery stages‘It was very interesting to hear the various viewpoints from the others here, some of whom have alreadybattled addiction for 20 years. I am eager to join future sessions so I can hear more and more stories fromanyone among different stages in their path to recovery, including new patients, whom I can help byteaching my own experiences as well.’
Negative
Terminologies used in the workbook not close enough to reality‘Sometimes the workbook content felt a bit distant from the reality in the streets. I hope there can be content
revision to make us feel more familiar, such as adding brand names for prescription drugs, and street names
for illicit drugs.’
Explanation on medical and statistical information are not accessible enough‘Sometimes I couldn't really understand the medical explanation or study graphs, and tend to just skim
them.’
Usability
Positive
Convenient to join from home044

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‘I really like that I could join it from home, even right after taking a nap. Going to the hospital is such a
hassle.’No wasted time/cost for transportation‘If I go to the hospital, it takes up my half-day because of the terrible traffic jam and I need to take off frommy job.’Good pacing between sessions‘One session per week was the best frequency for me. I could remember what we learnt in the last session.’
Negative
Frustrated with technical issues‘I could not use my video sometimes, which was so frustrating. I couldn't keep up with the discussion
because of the technical problems, and then I lost the motivation I had before.’
Wanted more time to share‘I wanted more time to share. Because it's a group session, time for each of us is more limited compared to
one on one session.’(3) Discussion
Nine RCTs from LMICs have reported the effectiveness of digital delivery of interventions for SUD.
However, utilized formats were telephone calls (11–14), webpage (15–17), and mobile application (18,19),and no study in LMICs has so far investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of video-conference-based
psychotherapy. The latter may facilitate honest and interactive discussion on personal substance use andcravings, founded on better rapport between providers and patients (20), which is integral for CBT for SUD.
One meta-analysis concluded that web-based mental health interventions had better retention rate andtreatment outcomes when therapists were synchronously involved (21).
Our interview data showed that, in general, tele-Indo-DARPP had good acceptability and usability.
Specifically, patients were able to disclose private issues during tele-Indo-DARPP sessions to the extent where
they shared about illegal behaviors and bereavement of close persons. Previous studies showed thatpsychotherapies via online technologies faced challenges in building rapport between clients and therapists,
compared to when being provided in-person (22). Our success in building a safe and private environment oftele-Indo-DARPP may have been owing to involvement of peer-counsellors, and establishment of common
understanding of the group rule of not disclosing any information discussed in sessions. Further, tele-IndoDARPP was perceived as time-efficient by the participants of our pilot study who were living in Jakarta, wheretraffic is heavily congested. Indeed, tele-Indo-DARPP could save over two hours of roundtrip transportation
time to visit an outpatient clinic.
Nevertheless, our results revealed some negative points which we need to address. For example, theparticipants reported that they were not familiar with some terminologies, especially substance names, used in
the workbook. Also, some participants had difficulties in comprehending medical and statistical information.
Although the workbook contents were carefully developed to increase understandability, further considerations(i.e. inserting street names of substances, adding pictures and easy-to-understand explanation) are necessary,
given the relatively low educational backgrounds of SUD patients. Further, patients felt frustrated when having
technical issues related to unstable internet connection or smartphone devices. This is another obstacle for awidespread implementation of telemedicine, even though the use of the internet is rapidly expanding inIndonesia, and smartphone use is estimated to increase from 74% in 2019 to as high as 89% by 2025.
4. Conclusion
Efforts to establish evidence-based treatment for SUD should be scaled up in Indonesia and LMICs in

045- 45 -

general, where effectiveness data is sparse. Successful implementation of Indo-DARPP, with the help oftelemedicine, may lead to a better and sustainable treatment coverage across the country. Hopefully, this inturn will lead to a prevention of premature deaths due to SUD, and prolong the life expectancy of people with
SUD in Indonesia. We further hope that our effort may further promote a comprehensive, health care-centric
approach—as opposed to repressive anti-drug policies—to tackle the substance use epidemic in the country.

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▼Ⅳᢞ㈨᧔㏥㐠ື࣭ESGᢞ㈨ࡢ㔠⼥࣭⏘ᴗࡢ⾜ືኚᐜ࡜Ẽೃኚືᴗ⦼ࡢኚ໬
Coal Divestment, ESG investments and Behavioral Changes in Financial Institutions
and Industries᳃ ᬗᑑ1㸪ΎỈ ᘏᙪ2
Akihisa MORI 1, Nobuhiko SHIMIZU 21ி㒔኱Ꮫ ᆅ⌫⎔ቃᏛᇽ
Graduate School of Global Environment Studies, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ ⤒῭◊✲ᡤ
Kyoto Institute of Economic Research, Kyoto University

This research aims to explore how coal divestment movements and ESG investments trigger behavioral changes offinancial institutions and industries, and to identify drives and enabling factor that makes them happen. Findings are
summarized as follows; (1) some Japanese financial institutions and trading companies began to take a collaborative
business model in which they work together with customers to change their business model toward a low carbon one;and (2) an increasing number of manufacturers face difficulties in obtaining finance for investments unless they takeclimate measures.
Key Words : coal divestment; ESG; behavioral changes; financial institutions; industry㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ᮏࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡛ࡣ㸪๓㌟ࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ⏕Ꮡᇶ┙ࣘࢽࢵࢺ᫬࠿ࡽ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚㸪ࢯ࣒ࣝ࢞ࡢࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢿࣝࢠ࣮฼⏝ࡢᐇ⿦㸪ຠ⋡ᛶࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ㸪Ⅳ໬࡟ࡼࡿⅣ⣲๐ῶᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ➼㸪Ẽೃኚື1.5C┠ᶆ࡜⌧ᆅࡢ⏕ィᨵၿࢆ୧❧ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓ◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡳฟࡉࢀࡿࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣ㸪Ⅳ⣲౯᱁ᨻ⟇ࡀᑟධࡉࢀ໬▼⇞ᩱࡢ౯᱁ࡀୖ᪼ࡍࢀࡤ㸪ᕷሙ➇தຊࡀྥୖࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪⤒῭ⓗ⮬❧ᛶࢆࡶࡘ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬࡜ࡇࢁࡀ㸪⌧ᅾࡢ࢔ࢪ࢔ࡢከࡃࡢᅜ࡛ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣ㸪ప౯᱁ࡢ໬▼⇞ᩱ㸪≉࡟▼Ⅳࢆཎᩱ࡟⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢᢏ⾡ࡣ⿵ຓ㔠࡞ࡋ࡛ࡣ⤒῭ⓗ⮬❧ᛶࢆᣢࡕ࠼࡞࠸㸬ࡲࡓ㸪໬▼⇞ᩱ⿵ຓ㔠ࡢ᧔ᗫࡸⅣ⣲౯᱁ᨻ⟇ࡢᑟධࡶᨻ἞ⓗ࡞཯ᑐ࠿ࡽᐜ᫆
࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡶ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔࡛ࡣ⮬ᅜࡢࣉࣛࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ᱂ᇵ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓࣖࢩἜࢆཎᩱ࡜ࡍࡿࣂ࢖࢜⇞ᩱࡀ㇏ᐩ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪Ⅳ⣲౯᱁ᨻ⟇ࡢᑟධ࡟ᡂຌࡋࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢᬑཬࡀಁ㐍ࡉࢀࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ࣖࢩἜ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆಁࡋ㸪Ἔࡸࡋ㎰ᅬࡢᣑ኱ࢆᣍࡁ㸪༷ࡗ࡚᳃ᯘ⏤᮶ࡢⅣ⣲᤼ฟࢆቑࡸࡋ㸪⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡸ⏕ィࡢᦆኻࡶຍ㏿ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛㸪ࢯ࣒ࣝ࢞ࡢࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢿࣝࢠ࣮฼⏝ࢆಁࡍ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸㸬 ࡑࡇ࡛㔜せ࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡀ㸪⏘ᴗࡸ⏘ᴗᵓ㐀࡟┤᥋ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㈨㔠౪⤥ࡢὶࢀࢆ໬▼⇞ᩱࡸ⎔ቃᝏ໬ᆺࡢ⏘ᴗࡸࣅࢪࢿࢫ࠿ࡽ෌⏕ྍ⬟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡸ⎔ቃ㓄៖ᆺࡢ⏘ᴗࡸࣅࢪࢿࢫ࡟ኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᚋ⪅ࡢ⏘ᴗࡸࣅࢪࢿࢫࡀᡂ㛗ࡋ㸪⤒῭඲యࡢ㈨※㓄ศࡀᚋ⪅࡟ഴᩳࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࢀࡤ㸪Ẽೃኚື1.5C┠ᶆ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆ㐍ࡵࡘࡘ⤒῭ᡂ㛗ࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡶ㸪ᅜ㐃Ẽೃኚືᯟ⤌ࡳ᮲⣙ࣃࣜ༠ᐃࡢྜពࡸ㸪ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞Ⓨᒎ┠ᶆ㸦SDGs㸧ࡢᅜ㐃࡛ࡢ᥇ᢥࢆዎᶵ࡟㸪Ḣ⡿ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟▼Ⅳᢞ㈨᧔㏥㐠ື࡜ESGᢞ
㈨ࡀຍ㏿ⓗ࡟኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬≉࡟2020ᖺࡣ㸪୰ᅜ࣭᪥ᮏ࣭EU➼ࡀ2050-60ᖺࡢⅣ⣲୰❧㸦࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢽ࣮ࣗ
ࢺࣛࣝ㸧┠ᶆࢆᡴࡕฟࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡛㸪㔠⼥ᶵ㛵ࡸၟ♫㸪㔜㟁࣓࣮࣮࢝➼ࡢẼೃኚືᑐᛂࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ⫼ᬒ࡟㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪▼Ⅳᢞ㈨᧔㏥㐠ື࡜ESGᢞ㈨ࡀ㔠⼥ᶵ㛵ࡢᢞ⼥㈨άືࡸ⏘ᴗ⏺ࡢ㈨㔠ㄪ㐩
ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ᢞ㈨⾜ື࡟ཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᙳ㡪ࢆゎ᫂ࡋ㸪ఱࡀ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘ⾜ືኚᐜ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋࡓࡢ࠿ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬㸰㸬◊✲᪉ἲ
 2020 ᖺᗘࡣ㸪COVID-19 ࡢᙳ㡪࡛⌧ᆅㄪᰝࡀไ⣙ࡉࢀࡘࡘࡶ㸪᪥ᮏࡢ㔠⼥ᶵ㛵ࡸၟ♫㸪〇㐀ᴗࡀ᪂ࡓ࡞ᢞ

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㈨ࡸࣅࢪࢿࢫࣔࢹࣝࡢ᥇⏝࡟㋃ࡳษࡿ஦౛ࡀᩓぢࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪▼Ⅳᢞ㈨᧔㏥㐠ື࡜ ESG ᢞ㈨ࡢᅜ㝿ⓗືྥ࡜ึᮇࡢ⾜ືኚᐜ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ࣦ࣮ࣞࣗ࡜⾜ືኚᐜࡢᩥ⊩ㄪᰝࢆࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡟⾜ࡗࡓ㸬୪⾜ࡋ࡚㸪ྠ୍ᴗ⏺
࡟ᒓࡍࡿ௻ᴗࡢ␗࡞ࡿᑐᛂࡀ㸪ᴗ⏺ᅋయࡢ஺΅ຊࡸᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞Ⓨᒎ࡬ࡢ⛣⾜࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࢆ㸪୰ᅜࡢⓎ㟁஦ᴗ⪅ࡢ஦౛࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬㸱㸬ᚓࡽࢀࡓ▱ぢ ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ୗグ3Ⅼࡢ▱ぢࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬 ➨1࡟㸪᪥ᮏࡢ㔠⼥ᶵ㛵ࡸၟ♫ࡢ୰࡟㸪Ẽೃኚືᑐ⟇ࡢ᭷↓ࡸ㐍ᒎ࡟ࡼࡿ㢳ᐈࡸྲྀᘬඛࡢ㑅ูࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪
ࡑࡢపⅣ⣲ࣅࢪࢿࢫࣔࢹࣝ࡬ࡢ㌿᥮ࢆక㉮⪅࡜ࡋ୍࡚⥴࡟㐍ࡵࡿࣅࢪࢿࢫࣔࢹࣝࢆ᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡶࡢࡀᩓぢࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬 ➨2࡟㸪〇㐀ᴗ࡛ࡶ㸪Ẽೃኚືᑐ⟇࡟ᾘᴟⓗ࡞௻ᴗࡣ㈨㔠ㄪ㐩ࡀᅔ㞴࡟࡞ࡿ≧ἣࡀቑ࠼ࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬 ➨3࡟㸪⌧ẁ㝵࡛ࡣಶู௻ᴗࡢᑐᛂࡢ┦㐪ࡣᴗ⏺ෆ࡛฼ᐖࡢ୙୍⮴ࢆ⏕ࡌࡿ࡯࡝኱ࡁ࡞ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵ㸪ᴗ⏺ࡢ᭱኱බ⣙ᩘⓗ࡞᪤ᚓ฼┈ࢆ౵㣗ࡍࡿᨻ⟇ࡸไᗘࡢᑟධࢆ㜼Ṇࡍࡿࡔࡅࡢ㸪ᨻ἞ⓗ࣭⤒῭ⓗ㈨※ࢆᴗ⏺ᅋయ࡜ࡋ࡚ᣢࡕ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩1) బࠎᮌᰤ, 2021. 㒔ᕷᑒ㙐ࡶṆࡲࡽࡠ ᬮ໬, ㄞ኎᪂⪺㸦2021 ᖺ 2 ᭶ 19 ᪥㸧࠙ྲྀᮦ༠ຊࠚ
2) Mori, A., 2021. A sustainability transition with heterogeneous behaviours of incumbent companies: Power generation in China,
Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, PII: S2210-4224(21)00012-5.

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ୡ௦㛫⾮ᖹᛶࡢ⌮ㄽ

A Theory of Intergenerational Equityࣈ࣮ࣝࣀ࣭ࢫࢺࣦࣝࣟ࢕ࢩ 1㸪ཎ ༓⛅ 2,
Bruno Strulovici 1 and Chiaki Hara 2 ி㒔኱Ꮫ⤒῭◊✲ᡤInstitute of Economic Research, Kyoto University ࣀ࣮ࢫ࢙࢘ࢫࢱࣥ኱Ꮫ⤒῭Ꮫ㒊Department of Economics, Northwestern University
The purpose of this project is to develop a theory of intergenerational tradeoffs that is based on anticipation. Basedon the model of anticipatory utility of Galperti and Strulovici (2017), we attempt to incorporate the expectation on the
future health status as part of quality of life and quantify the magnitude of anticipation-based altruism, in order todevelop a rigorous welfare analysis on health insurance plans and policies mitigating carbon emission.
Key Words : Intergenerational equity, altruism, discounting, anticipation, quality-adjusted life year㻝㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼠㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻼㼛㼘㼕㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼐㼑㼏㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼟㼡㼟㼠㼍㼕㼚㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㼢㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼐㼑㼛㼒㼒㼟㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼏㼡㼞㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻦㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼠㼛㻌㼕㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼓㼞㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼕㼑㼟㻫㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼡㼠㻌㼑㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼓㼞㼑㼑㼚㼔㼛㼡㼟㼑㻌㼓㼍㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼡㼟㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼛㼟㼟㼕㼘㻌㼒㼡㼑㼘㼟㻫㻌㻴㼛㼣㻌㼙㼡㼏㼔㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼙㼙㼕㼠㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼛㼠㼔㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼡㼘㼍㼞㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㼟㻫㻌㼀㼛㻌㼞㼑㼟㼛㼘㼢㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼐㼑㼛㼒㼒㼟㻘㻌㼓㼛㼢㼑㼞㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼚㼑㼑㼐㻌㼍㻌㼒㼞㼍㼙㼑㼣㼛㼞㼗㻌㼠㼛㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㼑㼞㼟㻌㼛㼒㼠㼑㼚㻌㼐㼑㼎㼍㼠㼑㻌㼔㼛㼣㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼔㼛㼛㼟㼑㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻘㻌㼍㼟㻌㼑㼙㼜㼔㼍㼟㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻿㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㻾㼑㼢㼕㼑㼣㻌㻔㻿㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㻔㻞㻜㻜㻣㻕㻕㻚㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼝㼡㼑㼟㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻦㻌㼃㼔㼍㼠㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌䇾㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠䇿㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻫㻌㼃㼔㼑㼞㼑㻌㼐㼛㼑㼟㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼑㼘㼒㼍㼞㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻫㻌㻌㻵㼟㻌㼕㼠㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼕㼑㼐㻫㻌㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㼟㼡㼑㻌㼔㼍㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼛㼙㼑㻌㼑㼢㼑㼚㻌㼙㼛㼞㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼛㼏㼕㼑㼠㼥㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼞㼕㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻘㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼍㼙㼑㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼛㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼟㻌㼑㼤㼜㼘㼛㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㼙㼍㼚㼥㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼞㼕㼑㼟㻘㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㻌㼍㻌㼓㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼚㼒㼘㼕㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌㼍㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼓㼘㼛㼎㼍㼘㻌㼟㼏㼍㼘㼑㻚㻌㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㻌㼍㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼠㼞㼍㼐㼑㼛㼒㼒㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻦㻌㼠㼛㼐㼍㼥䇻㼟㻌㼓㼛㼢㼑㼞㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼕㼠㼕㼦㼑㼚㼟㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼎㼑㼏㼍㼡㼟㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼠㼍㼗㼑㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼍㼘㼟㼛㻌㼏㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼐㼑㼟㼏㼑㼚㼐㼍㼚㼠㼟㻚㻌㻌㼃㼑㻌㼜㼘㼍㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㻌㼍㻌㼚㼛㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼕㼒㼑㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼙㼛㼐㼍㼠㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼟㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼕㼠㼡㼐㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻙㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼍㼘㼠㼞㼡㼕㼟㼙㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㻌㼍㻌㼞㼕㼓㼛㼞㼛㼡㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼒㼍㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻚㻌㻞㻚㻌㻌㻮㼍㼏㼗㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻦㻌㻳㼍㼘㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻿㼠㼞㼡㼘㼛㼢㼕㼏㼕㻌㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻌㻻㼡㼞㻌㼜㼞㼛㼖㼑㼏㼠㻌㼣㼕㼘㼘㻌㼎㼑㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㼕㼠㼕㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㻳㼍㼘㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻿㼠㼞㼡㼘㼛㼢㼕㼏㼕㻌㻔㻞㻜㻝㻣㻕㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼗㼑㼥㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼑㼢㼑㼞㼥㼛㼚㼑䇻㼟㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㼕㼚㼏㼘㼡㼐㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚䇻㼟㻘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼡㼠㼡㼞㼑㻦㻌㼣㼑㻌㼣㼛㼞㼞㼥㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㼏㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻘㻌㼐㼑㼙㼛㼓㼞㼍㼜㼔㼕㼏㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㼟㻘㻌㼞㼕㼟㼗㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼍㼞㼟㻚㻌㼀㼔㼑㼟㼑㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㼙㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼙㼜㼛㼞㼠㼍㼚㼠㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼞㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻚㻌㻌㼀㼔㼑㼥㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼣㼑㼘㼒㼍㼞㼑㻌㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼞㼐㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼞㼑㻌㼕㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼠㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㻌㼏㼛㼔㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼟㼠㼍㼚㼐㼍㼞㼐㻌㼓㼑㼛㼙㼑㼠㼞㼕㼏㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼕㼟㻌㼍㻌㼗㼚㼕㼒㼑㻙㼑㼐㼓㼑㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼕㼟㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼚㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼡㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼎㼡㼠㻌㼔㼍㼞㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼖㼡㼟㼠㼕㼒㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼏㼑㼜㼠㼡㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㻔㼍㼟㻌㻿㼍㼙㼡㼑㼘㼟㼛㼚㻌㻔㻝㻥㻟㻣㻕㻌㼚㼛㼠㼑㼐㻘㻌㼣㼔㼕㼏㼔㻌㼜㼛㼜㼡㼘㼍㼞㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻕㻚㻌㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼑㼍㼐㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㼥㻌㼒㼛㼡㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼒㼛㼘㼘㼛㼣㼕㼚㼓㻌㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㼟㻦㻌㻌㻌㻔㼕㻕㻌㼃㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼘㼑㼍㼐㻌㼠㼛㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻙㼎㼕㼍㼟㻚㻌㻴㼛㼣㼑㼢㼑㼞㻘㻌㼒㼍㼞㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌䇾㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㻌㼟㼕㼓㼔㼠㼑㼐㻘䇿㻌㼠㼔㼕㼟㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼎㼕㼍㼟㻌㼍㼞㼕㼟㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼍㻌㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼏㼛㼚㼟㼑㼝㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼚㼠㼕㼏㼕㼜㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㼀㼔㼕㼟㻌㼞㼑㼟㼡㼘㼠㻌㼜㼞㼛㼢㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌㼍㻌㼚㼛㼢㼑㼘㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼜㼞㼑㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼞㼑㼟㼑㼚㼠㻌㼎㼕㼍㼟㻚㻌㻌㻔㼕㼕㻕㻌㼀㼔㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㻌㼒㼍㼏㼠㼛㼞㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼕㼟㻌㼚㼛㼠㻌㼍㻌㼒㼕㼤㼑㼐㻌㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼠㼥㻚㻌㻾㼍㼠㼔㼑㼞㻘㻌㼕㼠㻌㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼣㼑㼘㼘㻙㼎㼑㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼘㼘㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻚㻌㼀㼔㼡㼟㻘㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼐㼑㼍㻌㼠㼔㼍㼠㻌㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼠㼞㼍㼐㼑㼛㼒㼒㼟㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼠㼣㼛㻌㼜㼑㼞㼕㼛㼐㼟㻌㼏㼍㼚㻌㼎㼑㻌㼟㼡㼙㼙㼍㼞㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼍㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼚㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㻌049- 49 -

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㻡㻡㻙㻝㻢㻝㻌㻔㻝㻥㻟㻣㻕㻚㻌㻡㻕㻌㻿㼠㼑㼞㼚㻘㻌㻺㻚㻦㻌㻎㼀㼔㼑㻌㻿㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㻾㼑㼢㼕㼑㼣㻦㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻱㼏㼛㼚㼛㼙㼕㼏㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㻌㻯㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻚㻌㼔㼠㼠㼜㻦㻛㻛㼣㼣㼣㻚㼔㼙㻙㼠㼞㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼥㻚㼓㼛㼢㻚㼡㼗㻛㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㼞㼑㼢㼕㼑㼣㼋㼕㼚㼐㼑㼤㻚㼔㼠㼙㻌㻔㻞㻜㻜㻣㻕㻚㻌

050- 50 -

㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟ࡼࡿࢫ࣐࣮ࢺ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺ
Smart Energy Management via Power Packet Network୰㔝 ༤ᶞ1㸪ᒸ㒊 ᑑ⏨2
Hiroki Nakano 1, Yasuo Okabe 21ி㒔኱Ꮫ ᝟ሗᏛ◊✲⛉Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University2ி㒔኱Ꮫ Ꮫ⾡᝟ሗ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࢭࣥࢱ࣮
Academic Center for Computing and Media Studies, Kyoto University

In this research, we aim to integrate electric power and information using information and communication technology(ICT) to reform energy management, so as to contribute to the realization of a sustainable society. Specifically, we aim
to digitize electric power transmission and make electric power networks smarter by combining the technology of besteffort transmission of electric power packets which integrate electric power and information by asynchronous storeand-forward and per-flow routing based on matching of supply and demand.
Key Words : power packet, smart energy management, routing, best effort, store-and-forward㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ 㟁ຊᢏ⾡ࡣ㟁ẼᕤᏛࡢጞࡲࡾ࡟㐳ࡿᇶ┙ⓗᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࢀᨾ࡟19ୡ⣖࠿ࡽࡢᢏ⾡࢖ࣥࣇࣛᢞ㈨ࡢ୰࡛㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ᢏ⾡ࡢᑟධࡢ㞀ቨ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬≉࡟㸪㟁ຊ㓄㟁࡟㛵ࢃࡿᅇ㊰ࡣ㸪᭱ᚋ࡟ṧࡉࢀࡓ࢔ࢼࣟࢢᅇ㊰࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚ஂࡋ࠸㸬㏆ᖺ㸪ࡇࡢ㟁ຊఏ㏦ࢆ᝟ሗ㏻ಙ࡜⤫ྜࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡼࡾࡁࡵࡢ⣽࠿࠸㟁ຊఏ㏦ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࢢࣜࢵࢻࡢᢏ⾡ࡣࡑࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࡑࢀࡽ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ
≀⌮㔞࡛࠶ࡿ㟁ຊࡣᚑ᮶ࡢࣇ࣮ࣟࡢࡲࡲࡢ௬᝿ⓗࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ྠ᫬ྠ㔞ࡢ࿚⦡࠿ࡽ⬺ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪᝟ሗ㏻ಙᢏ⾡(ICT)ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㟁ຊ࡜᝟ሗࢆ⤫ྜࡋ㸪㟁ຊ࡜᝟ሗࢆ୍య໬ࡋࡓ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࢆ㠀ྠᮇࡢࢫࢺ࢔㸤ࣇ࢛࣮࣮࣡ࢻ࡟ࡼࡾ࣋ࢫࢺ࢚ࣇ࢛࣮ࢺᆺ࡛ఏ㏦ࡍࡿᢏ⾡࡜㸪㟂せ࡜౪⤥ࢆ࣐ࢵࢳࣥࢢࡉࡏ᝟
ሗ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ఏ㏦ࡍࡿ࣮ࣝࢸ࢕ࣥࢢᢏ⾡ࢆྜࢃࡏ࡚㸪㟁ຊఏ㏦ࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝ໬࠾ࡼࡧ㟁ຊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢࢫ࣐
࣮ࢺ໬ࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜࡛࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣐ࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺࢆᨵ㠉ࡋࠊᣢ⥆ⓗ♫఍ࡢᐇ⌧࡟ᐤ୚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㸰㸬㛵㐃◊✲
 ᚑ᮶ࡼࡾᰂ㌾࡛཮᪉ྥᛶࢆࡶࡗࡓ㟁ຊ㓄㏦ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟㸪᪂ࡓ࡞㟁ຊ㓄㏦ᢏ⾡ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪᭷㝈ࡢ᝟ሗ㔞ࡢ᝟ሗ࡜᭷㝈ࡢ㔞ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆࡦ࡜ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠕࣃࢣࢵࢺࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪㟁ຊ㓄㏦ࡢᰂ㌾࡞ไᚚࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚㸪୍㒊ᐇ⌧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣃࢣࢵࢺࡣࠕ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࠖ࡜࿧ࡤࢀ㸪ࡇࡢ࢔࢖ࢹ࢔ࢆ㟁ຊ㓄㏦ࡢไᚚ࡟ά⏝ࡍࡿ◊✲ࡀ࠸ࡃࡘࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ◊✲ࡣ㸪
1990 ᖺ௦ึ㢌࡟ᩪ⸨ࡽ 1)࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠕOpen Electric Energy Network (OEEN)ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᥦ᱌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿከࡃࡢᢏ⾡ࡣ㸪㟁ຊ㓄㏦⮬యࡣ᪤Ꮡࡢᢏ⾡ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢୖ࡟࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣞ࢖ࡉࢀ
ࡓ᝟ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪௬᝿ⓗ࡟㟁ຊ㓄㏦ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ᪉ᘧࢆ᥇⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢሙྜ㸪ᶵჾࡢᨾ㞀࣭ᅗ 㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࣮ࣝࢱ  ᅗ ࢼ࣮࢚ࣟ࢘ࢫࢺࣔࢹࣝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃࣉࣟࢺࢥࣝ㝵ᒙ

051- 51 -

ᨷᧁ࣭ᨾព࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡿ᝿ᐃእࡢືసࡀ㟁ຊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ඲య࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ኱ࡁ࠸㸬ࡇࢀࢆ㜵ࡄ࡟ࡣ㸪㟁ຊࡶྵࡵࡓࣃࢣࢵࢺ໬ᢏ⾡ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪㞀ᐖࡢᒁᡤᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪୰⥅ᶵჾ࡛㒔ᗘ⤊➃ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋࡃ㸪୰⥅ᶵჾࢆ㉺࠼࡚㟁ຊࡀఏ㏦ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣࢫࢺ࢔࣭࢔ࣥࢻ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮࣡ࢻ᪉ᘧ࡛㌿㏦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸬Takuno ࡽ 2)ࡣ㸪┤ὶ࡟ࡼࡿ㟁ຊ⮬యࡢࣃࢣࢵࢺ໬ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋᐇ⿦ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Inoue ࡽ 3)ࡣ㸪ࣃࣝࢫ≧ࡢ㟁ຊ࡟ࡼࡿࣃࢣࢵࢺ໬ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㸱㸬㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࣮ࣝࢱ
ᡃࠎࡣ㸪ప ON ᢬ᢠ㸪㧗⪏ᅽ㸪㧗㏿ᛶ࡜≉ᚩ࡜ࡍࡿ SiC ༙ᑟయ࡜࢟ࣕࣃࢩࢱ㸪࢖ࣥࢲࢡࢱࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ㸪ඹ᣺ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ㟁ຊ⛣㏦᪉ᘧ࡜ࡑࡢᅇ㊰ᵓᡂࢆᥦ᱌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟㸪ᥦ᱌᪉ᘧࢆ౑ࡗ࡚᭷㝈ࡢ㟁Ẽ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡜᭷㝈ࡢ᝟ሗࢆࡶࡗࡓ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࢆసࡾฟࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࢆ⿦⨨㛫࡛ఏ㏦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢ࡛ࡁࡿ⿦⨨ࠕ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࣮ࣝࢱࠖ㸦ᅗ 1㸧ࢆタィࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᐇ⿦ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ 4)㸬タィ࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ᐙᗞෆࡢ㟁ຊ㓄㏦⥙ࢆᛕ㢌࡟࠾ࡁ㸪
㓄㏦ࡍࡿ㟁ຊ㔞ࡢ┠Ᏻࢆ 500㹼1000W ⛬ᗘ࡜タᐃࡋࡓ㸬〇సࡋࡓ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࣮ࣝࢱࡣ㸪ෆ㒊࡟࢟ࣕࣃࢩࢱ
ࢆᣢࡕ㸪୍ᐃ㔞ࡢ㟁ຊࢆ⵳✚ࡋ㸪ࢫࢺ࢔࣭࢔ࣥࢻ࣭ࣇ࢛࣮࣡ࢻ᪉ᘧ࡛㌿㏦ࡍࡿ㸬㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࡢఏ㏦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ࣃࢣࢵࢺẖ࡟㒔ᗘ㸪ఏ㏦ࡢ㛤ጞ࡜⤊஢ࢆ⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᥦ᱌᪉ᘧ࡛
ࡣ㸪ᅇ㊰ࡢ࢖ࣥࢲࢡࢱࣥࢫ࡟ὶࢀࡿ㟁ὶࡀ࡯ࡰ 0 ࡢ᫬࡟ఏ㏦ࡢ⤊஢ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ㸪ࣟࢫࡢᅇ㑊ࡀᐜ࡛᫆ᅇ㊰ᵓᡂࢆ༢⣧໬࡛ࡁࡿ㸬㸲㸬㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢࣉࣟࢺࢥࣝ㝵ᒙᑟ⥺࡛┤᥋᥋⥆ࡉࢀࡓᶵჾ㛫࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣୖ㏙ࡢࣃࢣࢵࢺ໬ࡉࢀࡓ㟁ຊ㓄㏦ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡿ୍᪉㸪㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ
࣮ࣝࢱࢆ㉺࠼࡚㓄㏦ࡉࢀࡿ㟁ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㛵ಀࡍࡿ」ᩘࡢィ⟬ᶵ࡛ᐇ⾜ࡉࢀࡿ࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒࡟ᇶ࠸࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡿ㸬㏻ಙࡢ౛࡟ೌࡗ࡚㸪㟁ຊ㓄㏦ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡶࣉࣟࢺࢥࣝࡢࣜࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࣔࢹࣝࢆᣢࡘ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᅗ 2 ࡣ㸪ࣜࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫࣔࢹࣝࡢ୰ࡢ᝟ሗ࡜㟁ຊࡢὶࢀࢆᶍᘧⓗ࡟♧ࡍ㸬ࡼࡾ㧗఩ࡢᒙࡣ㸪ࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࡞ࣂࢵࣇ࢓ࢆᣢࡗ
࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢᅗ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ྛࣀ࣮ࢻࡢ୍␒ୗ࡛ࣀ࣮ࢻ㛫ࡢ᥋⥆ࢆᢸ࠺ᒙࡀ㸪ᮏ◊✲ࡢᑐ㇟࡛࠶
ࡿ㸬௨ୗ࡛ࡣࣜࣥࢡᒙ࡜࿧ࡪ㸬ࡇࡢᒙ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ▱ぢࡣ㸪ࡼࡾୖ఩ࡢᒙࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡢ㔜せ࡞᝟ሗ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ethernet ࡀ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࡢᬑཬ࡟㔜せ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࡇࡢᒙࡢᡂྰࡀ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࢿࢵࢺ࣡
࣮ࢡ඲యࡢᑗ᮶ࡢ㘽࡜࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼㸪◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࣂࢫᆺ࡟᥋⥆ࡉࢀࡓ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࣮ࣝࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཮᪉ྥࡢఏ㏦࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࢔ࢡࢭࢫไᚚࣉࣟࢺࢥࣝ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㏻ಙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ↓⥺ LAN ࡞࡝࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance㸪
ᦙ㏦Ἴឤ▱ከ㔜࢔ࢡࢭࢫ㸭⾪✺ᅇ㑊᪉ᘧ)࡜ྠᵝࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡟ࡼࡿ⮬ᚊศᩓᆺ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔࢔ࢡࢭࢫไᚚࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ᥦ᱌᪉ᘧ࡛ࡣ㸪≉ู࡞ㄪ೵ᶵᵓࢆ⏝࠸ࡎྛ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࣮ࣝࢱࡀ⮬ᚊⓗ࡟ࣂࢫࢆ┘どࡋ௚ࡢ㟁ຊ࣮ࣝࢱ
ࡀ㏦ಙࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸࡞ࡅࢀࡤ RTS (Request To Send)ࡢไᚚಙྕࢆ㏦ಙࡍࡿ㸬ཷಙഃ࡜࡞ࡿ㟁ຊ࣮ࣝࢱࡣཷಙࡢ
‽ഛࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࢀࡤ CTS (Clear To Send)ࡢไᚚಙྕࢆ㏦ಙࡍࡿ㸬ࣂࢫࡢ㛗ࡉࡢ᭱኱㛗࠿ࡽᐃࡲࡿ୍ᐃࡢ࣮࢞
ࢻࢱ࢖࣒ࢆ⤒࡚ࡇࡢࡸࡾྲྀࡾࡀ᏶஢ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ㸪ࡑࡢ┤ᚋࡢ㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺࡢ㏦ಙࡀ⾪✺࡞ࡃᏳ඲࡟⾜࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪CSMA/CA ࡢ⌮ㄽࢆ᥼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ಖドࡉࢀࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪࣮ࣝࢱࢆ㉺࠼࡚ࡢ㟁ຊఏ㏦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪IP ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ SDN (Software Defined Networking)ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓ㞟୰ᆺࡢရ㉁(Quality of Energy)ไᚚࡢࣉࣟࢺࢥࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪㟁※㸦౪⤥㸧㸪㟁ຊᾘ㈝ᶵჾ
㸦㟂せ㸧㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡾᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡿࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ౑࠺࣮ࣘࢨࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⢏ᗘ࡛ඃඛᗘࢆᣦᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ API(Application Programming Interface)ࢆᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪㞟୰ᆺไᚚࢆᢸ࠺ࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣛࡀඃඛᗘࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡚ရ㉁ಖドᆺࣇ࣮ࣟࢆ๭ࡾᙜ࡚ࡿ࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒࡜ࣉࣟࢺࢥࣝࢆタィࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㸳㸬࠾ࢃࡾ࡟
㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ࣋ࢫࢺ࢚ࣇ࢛࣮ࢺᆺࡢ㟁ຊࣇ࣮ࣟࢆ๓ᥦ࡟ࡍࢀࡤ㸪㟂せ࡟ぢྜ࠺㟁ຊ౪⤥ࡀ☜ಖ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡛ࡶ㸪኱つᶍ೵㟁ࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣ࡟㝗ࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ㸪☜ಖ࡛ࡁࡓ㟁ຊࢆᚲせ࡞࡜ࡇࢁࢆඃඛࡋ࡚㓄ศࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ࡓࡔࡋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㟁ຊᾘ㈝ᶵჾࡀရ㉁ಖドࡢ࡞࠸㟁ຊ࡛ࡶືస࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟タィࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ๓ᥦ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࣂࢵࢸ࣮ࣜ࡞࡝ࡢ⵳㟁せ⣲ࢆഛ࠼ࡘࡘ㟁ຊ࡟ᛂࡌࡓࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᥦ౪࡛ࡁࡿᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬
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ᩪ⸨ᾈᾏ, ᐑ᳃ᩄ, ᓥ⏣ர, ㇏⏣῟୍㸸㛤ᨺᆺ㟁ຊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⮬ᚊศᩓⓗ㟁ຊὶ㏻ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᶵᵓࡢᇶ♏
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୰㔝༤ᶞ, ᒸ㒊ᑑ⏨㸸㟁ຊࣃࢣࢵࢺ࣮ࣝࢱࡢタィ࡜ᐇ⿦, ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ ࣐ࣝࢳ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔㸪ศᩓ༠ㄪ࡜ࣔࣂ࢖ࣝࢩ࣏ࣥ
ࢪ࣒࢘ 2017 ㄽᩥ㞟, pp.1875-1880, 2017.

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