ᕳ 㢌 ゝྡᇛ኱Ꮫ㝃ᒓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㛗 㕥ᮌᜏ⏨ᮏᰯࡣᖹᡂ 23 ᖺᗘࡼࡾ஧ᮇ┠ࡢࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝᣦᐃᰯ࡜࡞ࡾࠕ㧗኱༠ྠ࡟ࡼࡿᅜ㝿ⓗ⛉Ꮫ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡢ⫱ᡂ㹼ࢧࣟࣥⓗᏛ⩦ࡢ㔜ど࡜࣓ࣥࢱࣝࣜࢸࣛࢩ࣮ࡢྥୖࠖࢆ
◊✲㛤Ⓨㄢ㢟࡟ࠊ⌮ᩘ⣔ᩍ⫱ࡢ඘ᐇ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡲࡍࠋឡ▱࣭ᒱ㜧࣭୕㔜࣭㟼ᒸࡢᮾᾏ㸲┴࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯࡢ┦஫஺ὶࡢᶵ఍࡜ࡋ࡚ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺᗘࡼࡾࠕࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣁ
࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝᮾᾏᆅ༊ࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࠖࢆ㛤ദࡋࠊ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯ⏕ᚐ࡟ࡼࡿཱྀ㢌Ⓨ⾲ࠊࣃࢿࣝࢭࢵࢩ
ࣙࣥࠊཧຍ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡢ⏕ᚐ࣭ᩍဨ࡟ࡼࡿ஺ὶ఍➼ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㐃ᦠࢆ῝ࡵ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᮾ
ᾏ 4 ┴ࡢ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡢ⌮ᩘ⣔ᩍ⫱࡟㛵ᚰࡢ࠶ࡿඛ⏕᪉࣭⏕ᚐࡉࢇ࡟ࡶከᩘࡈཧຍ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊ
ࠕ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯࠖࡢᯟࢆ㉺࠼࡚ࠊᗈࡃ⌮ᩘ⣔ᩍ⫱ࢆ⪃࠼࣭ᐇ㊶ࡍࡿദࡋ≀࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ ᮏᖺᗘࡶࠕࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝᮾᾏᆅ༊ࣇ࢙ࢫࢱ 2012ࠖࢆࠊឡ▱┴ᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍࣭ྡྂᒇᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍࣭Ọ஭⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡㈈ᅋࡢᚋ᥼ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁ㛤ദࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࡇ
࡜࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋᖹᡂ 20 ᖺᗘࡼࡾᮾᾏ 4 ┴ࡢ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯࡢ௦⾲࡟ࡼࡿࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖
࢚ࣥࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝᮾᾏᆅ༊ࣇ࢙ࢫࢱᐇ⾜ጤဨ఍ࢆ❧ࡕୖࡆࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡶᘬࡁ⥆ࡁᮏᰯࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯࡀ༠ຊࡋ࡚௻⏬࣭㐠Ⴀࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋᮏᖺᗘ࡛ࠕࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥ
ࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝᮾᾏᆅ༊ࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࠖࡣ 7 ᅇ┠࡜࡞ࡾࠊ᪂つ᥇ᢥᰯ 2 ᰯ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊᮾி㒔ࡢ㹇㹀ㄆᐃᰯ࡛࠶ࡿ⋢ᕝᏛᅬ㧗➼㒊࣭୰Ꮫ㒊ࡀཧຍࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡾࠊཧຍᰯᩘࡣ 17 ᰯ࡜࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ᖺ࡟㸯ᗘࠊᮾᾏ 4 ┴ࡢᣦᐃᰯࡢ⏕ᚐࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆⓎ⾲ࡍࡿሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ᐃ╔ࡋࠊ௚ࡢ㒔㐨ᗓ┴࠿ࡽࡶཧຍࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᖺࠎ┒ࡾୖࡀࡾࢆぢࡏ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ௒ᖺᗘࡣࢥ࢔㹑㹑㹆஦ᴗ࡟᥇ᢥࡉࢀࠊ
ࠕ⏘Ꮫ༠ྠ࡟ࡼࡿᾏእ◊ಟࢆ㏻ࡌࡓࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ
ேᮦࡢ⫱ᡂࠥ୰㒊࠿ࡽୡ⏺࡬ ᣮᡓࡍࡿᚰࢆ⫱ࡴࠥࠖࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡢࡶ࡜ࠊᮏࣇ࢙ࢫࢱ࡛ඃ
⚽࡞◊✲Ⓨ⾲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⏕ᚐ࠾ࡼࡧᣦᑟ⪅࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ㹓㸿㹃ࡢᾏእ◊ಟࢆࡣࡌࡵࠊ⎔ቃ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡸᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ࡢ◊✲ㄪᰝ➼ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆᐇ᪋࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ
ࢆ㏻ࡌࠊⓎ⾲఍࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝேᮦࢆ⫱ᡂࡋࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ά㌍࡛ࡁࡿ⛉Ꮫ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ⾜࠺ሙ࡜ࡋ࡚᭦࡟Ⓨᒎࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ
᭱ᚋ࡟ᐇ⾜ጤဨ㛗࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᮏࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࢆ↓஦࡟⤊࠼ࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟኱ࡁ࡞႐ࡧࢆឤࡌࡲࡍࠋ
ᐇ⾜ጤဨࡢඛ⏕᪉࡜ཧຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓྛᏛᰯࡢඛ⏕࡜⏕ᚐࡢࡳ࡞ࡉࢇ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㛵ಀྛ఩࡟࠾♩ࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢࡳ࡞ࡉࢇࡀࠊᮏࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࡢ⤒㦂ࢆ㹑㹑㹆ࡢάື࡟ά࠿
ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡿࡇ࡜ࢆษ࡟㢪࠸ࡲࡍࠋ䥽  㶰‣‪‣…‒ ӸӞ‫ࠊދ‬ᇌӼᨗ᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒ነᩓᛅ↚ⅹↀ↺᪦↝ˡ↾↹૾‒‣‫ ‒ ‣‫‬ɤ᣻Ⴤᇌ඾᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒உ↭↖↝ុᩉ⇁൭↰↺‒ ≋ႏଏஉ᫢ᚇย≌‒‣‫‣‫‬‪‒ ɤ᣻Ⴤᇌ඾ᙱ᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒᫢Լࡑూཋⅺ↸⇶⇊⇐⇎⇥⇴∞∑⇁˺↼ⅵ‒․••‥‒ ྚ߷‫טܖ‬᭗ሁᢿɶ‫ܖ‬ᢿ‒∓∂⇩⇮⇡∙⇛∞↝ᄂᆮ⊡ᆆѣុᩉ⇁ദᄩ↚൭↰↺૾ඥ⊡․••‪‒ ग़ჷჄᇌɟܷ᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒⇱∕⇮∐Ꮥ↝ႆဃ↚ⅹↀ↺ҳ↝ፗⅼ૾↗᠃ҳ↝ஊ໯↝ࢨ᪪․••‫ ‒‫‬ग़ჷჄᇌ଺፼᫾᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒ᡶ҄ↈ↺⇱⇮∓⇡∑∓∞⇟‒․‥‣‪‒ ᩺‫ޢ‬ჄᇌᄱဋҤ᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒ኽ↢Ⴘ↚‫↺ↈݣ‬ᚐௌႎ⇈⇽∓∞⇧‒․‥‣‫ ‒‫‬ӸӞ‫ܖٻދ‬૙Ꮛ‫ܖ‬ᢿ᧽‫ޓ‬᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒

ↈↃⅳЎૠ‒
Ⴧദቬᓏ⊣∈⇞∁⇙∐Ⅵ↝ᘍѣ↚᧙ↈ↺ᎋ‫‒ݑ‬⇸⇯∏↝ဃ७↚↓ⅳ↕‒ਁЈவˑ∝̬‫܍‬வˑ↚↷↺⇈∙⇮⇝⇈⇱∙ᑥእ↝‫‒ܭܤ‬⇕∙⇮↝᬴ܱ↚ⅹↀ↺ብ˳↝ਰ↺↭ⅳ↚↓ⅳ↕‒․‥․•‒ ग़ჷჄᇌА᜿᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒᪦ᡮ↝ย‫↺ↈ᧙↚ܭ‬ᄂᆮ‒σਰਰ↹‫↝܇‬ᢃѣ↚↓ⅳ↕↝ᎋ‫‒ݑ‬․‥․‣‒ ग़ჷჄᇌଢԧ᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒⇈⇟⇺∐∙ⅺ↸⇈⇡⇧∑⇛∐⇧∑ᣠ↝ҥᩉ↗↌↝ࣱឋ‒․‥․․‒ Ӹ؉‫ޓ᧽ܖٻ‬᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒ᩓᄬᛔ‫↺↷↚ݰ‬ʴщႆᩓ↗Ϊᩓ↝ᄂᆮ‒․…‥ ‒ ‫᧲ޟ‬Ⴤᇌऔ᢯᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒݊‫⇁ټ‬ဇⅳ↎ᑥእ‫ف‬ज़‫ٽ׹‬ᨗᩓ൷‒․…‥‪‒ ‫᧲ޟ‬Ⴤᇌ‫᧲ޟ‬ᠾ௎᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒᫫૰቟⇁ዅɨↆ↎ᰄҳ↝ҳ᰾ᑥોծ↝↎↰↝௻ႝ෇ဇ‒ᐯ໱ᝅⅺ↙‫⇁ྶע‬Ⴘਦↆ↕‒‒‒⊡ᆳ໱‫↹↷↚ီ٭‬ჿ๭⇁ዯ҄ↈ↺ౡཋ↝˺Ј⊡‒⇽∓⇮⇽∏⇟⇮↝ҥᩉ↗ૼԼᆔ↝˺Ј‒⇾⇯∓↝෋҄૾ඥ↗ஊјМဇ↚↓ⅳ↕‒ࡑ඗↝ஊјМဇ↚↷↺ࣅ࿢‫׹‬ᅈ˟↚↓ⅳ↕‒
᫩૰൦↝ᄒࡇ↝ᢌⅳ↚↷↺᫢Լ↧↝ࢨ᪪‒ဃཋᛦ௹↚↷↺࿢‫↝ؾ‬Ўௌ⊡᣼ᯓ↝ᚇ‫⇁ݑ‬ᡫↆ↕⊡‒․…‥‫ ‒‫‬᩺‫ޢ‬Ⴤᇌฌ൦ி᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒⇈⇤ᑥእ↝ᐰእ҄↗ᑥእ↝‫↓↚҄٭‬ⅳ↕‒․……•‒ ᩺‫҅ޢ‬᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒ᣞ൐ᓏ↝ʴໝႎᆳ໱‫↗ီ٭‬᎑᬴ࣱܱ‒․……‣‒ ग़ჷჄᇌ‫߃ޢ‬᭗ሁ‫ܖ‬ఄ‒ብቩ˳↝‫҄ޖ‬ӏ↢Ўᩉ↚᧙ↈ↺ᄂᆮ‒ ྡྂᒇᕷ❧ྥ㝧㧗➼Ꮫᰯ⣒㟁ヰ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㡢ࡢఏࢃࡾ᪉
How to travel through a string telephoneୖᮧ ⨾⧊ࠊ㕥ᮌ ฼ዉࠊ⚟⏣ ࿴ᙲࠊ᳿ ᑗ㈗Abstract
We tested whether the sound waves through a string telephone are longitudinal waves ortransverse waves. We made a devices to measure the speed of sound traveling through a stringand analyzed the quality of the waves. In addition, we made a telephone with an elastic string andcompared its waves with the waves going through a nylon string.
せ⣙⣒㟁ヰࡢ㡢ࡀ⦪Ἴ࡜ᶓἼࡢ࡝ࡕࡽ࡛ఏࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊ⣒ࢆఏࢃࡿ㡢ࡢ㏿ࡉࢆᐃࡍࡿ⿦⨨ࢆࡘࡃࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ㡢ࡢ᣺ືᩘࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ፹㉁ࡀࢦ࣒ࡢ⣒㟁ヰࢆࡘࡃࡾࠊࢼ࢖
ࣟࣥ〇ࡢ⣒ࡢሙྜ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ

ᗎㄽ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿⯆࿡ࢆࡶࡗࡓࠋ

⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊ⣒㟁ヰࡢ㡢ࡢఏࢃࡾ᪉࡟⯆࿡ࢆᣢ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡗࡓࠋ⣒㟁ヰࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ேࡢኌࢆ⪺ࡃ࡜ࠊᬑẁࡢኌ࡜㐪ࡗ࡚⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓࠋࡑࢀࢆ␲ၥ࡟ᛮࡗࡓࡇ࡜

ձ⣒㟁ヰࡢ㡢ࡢఏᦙࡀ⦪Ἴ࠿ᶓἼ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ

ࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⣒㟁ヰࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㡢ࢆఏ

ղ፹㉁ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ఏᦙ㏿ᗘࡸἼᙧࡢᵝᏊ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡓࠋ

ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ኚࢃࡿ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ

ᐇ㦂࡟౑⏝ࡍࡿ⣒㟁ヰࡢ፹㉁࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࡢస〇㺃 Ỉ⣒(1)ືᶵ࣭┠ⓗ୍⯡ⓗ࡞⣒㟁ヰࡣฏ⣒࡛స〇ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ

⣒㟁ヰࡀཷಙࡍࡿ㡢ࡢゎᯒࢆᏳᐃⓗ࡟㐍ࡵ࠸ࡀࠊఏᦙ㏿ᗘࡢ⌮ㄽ್ࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࢆసࡿࠋᩘ್ࡀ୙᫂ࡔࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊฏ⣒࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊఙࡧ⦰

(2)స〇ࡋࡓᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࡳࡋ࡞࠸ࢼ࢖ࣟࣥ〇ࡢỈ⣒ࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓࠋ㺃 ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ
⣒㟁ヰࡢ፹㉁ࢆࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞≀㉁࡟࠿࠼࡚ᐇ㦂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁࠊࢦ࣒ࡦࡶࡔࡅ⣒㟁ヰ࠿ࡽኌࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡎࠊ␲ၥ࡟ᛮࡗࡓࠋ㺃 㔪㔠㺃㺃㺃⣒㟁ヰࡢ፹㉁࡟㔪㔠ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁࠊ
Ἴᙧࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿⯆࿡ࢆࡶࡗࡓࠋ㺃 ࡤࡡ㺃㺃㺃ࡤࡡ㟁ヰࡣ࢚ࢥ࣮ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡇ࡜࡛▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ἴࡀఏ࠼ࡽࢀ 㡢※࠿ࡽⓎಙࡉࢀࡓ㡢ࡢಙྕࡣࡲࡎ࢔ࣥࣉࢆ
㏻ࡿࠋ

ࡢᏳᐃ໬ࢆᅗࢁ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋձ ቑᖜࡋࡓ㡢ࡢಙྕࢆࣃࢯࢥࣥࡢࢫࢸࣞ࢜ධ
ຊࡢྑࢳࣕࣥࢿࣝ࡟ධຊࡋࠊ⏬㠃ࡢୖഃ࡟(2)┠ⓗ⣒㟁ヰࢆ㏻ࡗࡓ㡢ࡢ᣺ືᩘࢆศᯒࡍࡿࠋ⾲♧ࡍࡿࠋղ ձ࡜ྠࡌ㡢ࡢಙྕࢆ㏦ಙഃࢫࣆ࣮࣮࡛࢝ࠊ(3)᪉ἲ
Ỉ⣒㟁ヰ࡟ࠊࣇ࣮ࣜࢯࣇࢺࠕaudacityࠖࢆ฼ ⣒㟁ヰ࡟㏦ಙࡍࡿࠋ⏝ࡋ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡉࡏࡓ࣍࣡࢖ࢺࣀ࢖ࢬ(ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ᣺ື

ճཷಙഃࢫࣆ࣮࣮࡛࢝ᣠࡗࡓ㡢ࡢಙྕࢆቑᖜࡋࠊ

ᩘ࡟࠾࠸࡚࡯ࡰ୍ᐃࡢ኱ࡁࡉ(dB)ࢆಖࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㡢)ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ఏࢃࡾࡸࡍ࠸᣺ືᩘࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
(4)⤖ᯝ࣭⣙ 500 Hz ࡢ㡢ࡀ᭱ࡶⰋࡃఏࢃࡗࡓࠋ
࣭⣙ 3000 Hz ௨ୖࡢ㡢ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ఏࢃࡽ࡞࠿ࡗ ࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ౑⏝ࡍࡿ㡢※ࡢ᣺ືᩘ ࢆ 500 Hz ࡟Ỵᐃࡋࡓࠋຊࡋ࡚ࠊ⏬㠃ࡢୗഃ࡟⾲♧ࡍࡿࠋධຊࡋࡓ㡢ࡣࠊ⣒㟁ヰࢆఏࢃࡿ㡢ࡀ⦪Ἴ࠿ᶓἼ࠿ุ᩿ ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ⌮ㄽᘧ㡢ኌゎᯒ⏝ࢩ࢙࢔࢙࢘࢔ࢯࣇࢺࠕFFT wave࡛ࠖ(1)ఏᦙ㏿ᗘ[m/s]ࡢ⌮ㄽᘧ

ゎᯒࡍࡿࠋ

࣭⦪Ἴ

(ࣖࣥࢢ⋡㸭ᐦᗘ[g/m3])  ࣭ᶓἼ(ᙇຊ[N]㸭⥺ᐦᗘ[g/m])          ࣃࢯࢥࣥࡢࢫࢸࣞ࢜ධຊࡢᕥࢳࣕࣥࢿࣝ࡟ධ

௒ᅇࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࡇࡢ⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⌮ㄽᘧࡼࡾࠊ⦪Ἴࡣᙇຊࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡎࠊᶓἼ
ࡣᙇຊࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ

ணഛᐇ㦂ᐇ㦂࡟⏝࠸ࡿ㡢ࡢ᣺ືᩘࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ(2)ࢼ࢖ࣟࣥࡢఏᦙ㏿ᗘ(⌮ㄽ್)(1)ືᶵ

 ⌮⛉ᖺ⾲ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᇶ࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊィ⟬ࡋࡓࠋ㺃 ⣒㟁ヰࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ேࡢኌࢆ⪺ࡃ࡜ࠊᬑẁࡢኌ࡜㐪ࡗ࡚పࡃ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ⣒㟁ヰ࡟ࡣఏࢃࡾࡸ

࣭⦪Ἴࡍ࠸᣺ືᩘࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࣖࣥࢢ⋡㸸 (0.12㹼0.29)1010ࠝkg/mࠞ㺃 ᣺ືᩘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㡢ࡢᛶ㉁ࡣ␗࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀᐦᗘ㸸1.1103ࠝkg/mࠞ

࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ୍ᐃࡢ᣺ືᩘ࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ

ఏᦙ㏿ᗘ㸸 (0.12㹼0.29)1010㸭1.1103
Ҹ1000㹼1600ࠝm/sࠞ
࣭ᶓἼ

100

ᙇຊ㸸0.5㹼2ࠝNࠞ

80

(dB)

㡢 60
叏 40
኱ 㡢
厯 叏20
厷 ኱0

⥺ᐦᗘ㸸0.3210-3ࠝkg/mࠞ

⣙500Hz厯厷ఏᦙ㏿ᗘ㸸 (0.㸳㹼2)㸭(1.110-3)     Ҹ40㹼79ࠝm/sࠞ

3000Hz௨ୖ䛾㡢䛿
ఏ䛘䛻䛟䛔

䠉 20

(dB)

䠉 40
䠉 60
䠉 80

 ⌮ㄽ್ࡼࡾࠊ⦪ἼࡣᶓἼࡼࡾ㏿࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜

䠉100
1000

ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ

2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000

᣺ືᩘ(Hz)᣺ືᩘ(Hz)ᐇ㦂ϨỈ⣒ࡢᐇ㦂 ఏᦙ㏿ᗘࡣᙇຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚ໬ࡏࡎࠊ⣙ 900 m/s┠ⓗ๓ᚋࡔࡗࡓࠋ⌮ㄽ್࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊ⦪Ἴࡔ࡜⪃࠼Ỉ⣒࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㡢ࡢఏᦙࡀ⦪Ἴ࠿ᶓἼ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ

ࡽࢀࡿࠋ௨ᚋࠊ㏦ಙഃࡢἼᙧࡣࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡢ㛵ಀ‫ۑ‬ᐇ㦂Ϩఏᦙ㏿ᗘ࡜ᙇຊ࡟ࡼࡿኚ໬

࡛┬␎ࡍࡿࠋ(1)᪉ἲ

ᐇ㦂Ϩ 㢧ᚤ㙾࡟ࡼࡿほᐹ Ỉ⣒㟁ヰࡢᙇຊࢆᵝࠎ࡟ኚ࠼࡚ࠊఏᦙ㏿ᗘࡢ(1)᪉ἲ

ኚ໬ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ㡢※࡟ࡣప࿘ἼⓎಙჾࢆ౑⏝ࡋࠊ⣒㟁ヰࡢ⣒ࢆ㢧ᚤ㙾ࡢࢫࢸ࣮ࢪ࡟᥋ゐࡋ࡞࠸௨ୗࡢ᪉ἲ࡛㡢ࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡓࠋࡼ࠺࡟ᙇࡾࠊ⣒ࡢ᣺ືࡢᵝᏊࢆほᐹࡋࠊື⏬ࢆ᧜ձ࢔ࣥࣉ࡟᥋⥆ࡋࡓࢥ࣮ࢻࡢඛࢆ࢔࣮ࢫ࡜ᮏ⥺ᙳࡋࡓࠋỈ⣒࡛ࡣ᣺ືࡢᵝᏊࡀほᐹࡋ࡙ࡽ࠿ࡗࡓ ࡟ศࡅࡿࠋ

ࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣฏ⣒ࢆ፹㉁࡟⏝࠸ࡓࠋ

ղప࿘ἼⓎಙჾ࡟㉥࡜㯮ࡢ㪭ཱྀࢡࣜࢵࣉࢆྲྀࡾ

(2)⤖ᯝ ௜ࡅࠊ㉥ࡢ㪭ཱྀࢡࣜࢵࣉࡣᮏ⥺࡟ࡘ࡞࠸࡛࠾ ⣒ࡀ㡢ࡢ㐍⾜᪉ྥ࡜ᖹ⾜࡟᣺ືࡍࡿᵝᏊࡀほᐹ ࡃࠋࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⦪Ἴ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ճ࢔࣮ࢫ࡟㯮ࡢ㪭ཱྀࢡࣜࢵࣉࢆ▐㛫ⓗ࡟᥋ゐࡉᐇ㦂Ϩࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ ࡏࠊࣃࣝࢫ≧ࡢಙྕࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࠋ Ỉ⣒ࡣ⦪Ἴ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㡢ࡢ᣺ືࢆఏ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᐇ㦂ϩ ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶࡢᐇ㦂ືᶵ࣭┠ⓗ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࡟ࠕࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ㟁ヰ࡛ࡣᶓἼࡀఏࢃࡿࠖ
࡜ࡢグ㏙ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ᳨ドࡍࡿࠋ(2)⤖ᯝᐇ㦂ϩ   ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ᖹ⾜࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࡿ

100

㏦
ಙ
ഃ

0

(1)᪉ἲ
፹㉁ࢆࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ኚ࠼ࠊᐇ㦂Ϩ-1 ࡜ྠࡌ

-100
100

᪉ἲ࡛ఏᦙࡢᵝᏊࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
0

(2)⤖ᯝ

-100

(dB)

Ỉ⣒䛾ఏᦙ㏿ᗘ㻔⦪Ἴ㻕㻝㻜㻜㻜ఏᦙ㏿ᗘ㻔㼙㻛㼟㻕

ཷ
ಙ
ഃ

㻤㻜㻜

⣒ࢆࡘࡅࡎ࡟ࢥࢵࣉࡢࡳ࡛

㻢㻜㻜ᐃࡋࡓሙྜ࡜ࠊ࡯

ࡰྠࡌ⤖ᯝ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

㻠㻜㻜
㻞㻜㻜

ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ᣺ືࡣࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ✵Ẽ

㻜
㻜

㻜㻚㻡

㻝

㻝㻚㻡
ᙇຊ㻔㻺㻕

㻞

ࢆఏࢃࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

㻞㻚㻡





ᐇ㦂ϩ ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࡿ

ᐇ㦂ϩ 㢧ᚤ㙾࡟ࡼࡿほᐹ

(1)┠ⓗ

(1)᪉ἲ

 ᐇ㦂ϩ-1 ࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ᖹ⾜࡟᣺ື    ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࠊᐇ㦂Ϩ-2 ࡜ࢆຍ࠼࡚ࡶఏࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ

ྠࡌ᪉ἲ࡛㢧ᚤ㙾࡛ほᐹࡋࡓࠋࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼࡚ࡳࡓࠋ

(2)⤖ᯝ(2)ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ

ྑᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡟

㡢ࡢ㐍⾜᪉ྥ࡜ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࡍࡿᵝᏊࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࢥࢵࣉࡢᗏ࡟ᮌ

(3)⪃ᐹ∦ࢆྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࢦ

ᶓἼࡀఏࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࠊఏ
ᦙࡢᵝᏊࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ ᐇ㦂ϩࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ

(3)⤖ᯝ 㺃ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡟ᖹ⾜࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࡓሙྜࠊ㡢ࡣ  ఏࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ㻌 㺃ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࡿ࡜ᶓἼ࡛㡢ࢆఏ࠼ࡿࠋ  ⦪Ἴࡣఏࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ᐇ㦂ϪỈ⣒࡛ࡶᶓἼࡣఏࢃࡿࡢ࠿
(1) ືᶵ࣭┠ⓗ㡢ࡢ㏦ಙᚋࡍࡄ࡟ఏࢃࡗࡓ᣺ᖜࡢᑠࡉ࡞᣺ື  Ỉ⣒࡟ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࢀࡤᶓἼࡀఏࢃ
ࡿࡢ࠿␲ၥ࡟ᛮ࠸ࠊ᳨ドࡍࡿࠋ(ձ)࡜ࠊձࡼࡾ㐜ࢀ࡚ఏࢃࡾ᣺ᖜࡢ኱ࡁ࡞᣺ື(ղ)ࡢࠊ2 ✀㢮ࡢἼᙧࡀほ ࡉࢀࡓࠋ(2)᪉ἲ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊձࡣ⣒ࢆࡘࡅࡎ࡟ࢥࢵࣉࡢࡳ࡛ ᐃ ፹㉁࡟Ỉ⣒ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊᐇ㦂ϩ-2 ࡜ྠࡌ᪉ἲ࡛

ࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡓἼᙧ࡜࡯ࡰྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ

ᆶ┤࡟᣺ືࢆຍ࠼ࡓࠋ

ࡓࡵࠊ✵Ẽ୰ࢆఏࢃࡗࡓ㡢ࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

 (3)⤖ᯝࡲࡓࠊղ࡛ࡣࠊ㛫㝸ࢆ⨨࠸࡚Ἴᙧࡀほ ࡉࢀࡓࠋ䝂䝮䜂䜒䛾ఏᦙ㏿ᗘ㻔䐠㻕䐟 䐠ఏᦙ㏿ᗘ㻔㼙㻛㼟㻕

㻢㻜
㻡㻜
㻠㻜

࣭㡢ࡢ㏦ಙᚋࡍࡄ࡟ఏࢃࡗࡓ᣺ᖜࡢ኱ࡁ࡞᣺ື㻟㻜㻞㻜(ձ)࡜ࠊձࡼࡾ㐜ࢀ࡚ఏࢃࡗࡓ᣺ᖜࡢᑠࡉ࡞᣺

㻝㻜

ື(ղ)ࡢࠊ2 ✀㢮ࡢἼᙧࡀほ

㻜
㻜

㻜㻚㻞

㻜㻚㻠

㻜㻚㻢

㻜㻚㻤

㻝

㻝㻚㻞

㻝㻚㻠

㻝㻚㻢

ᙇຊ㻔㻺㻕

ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓղ

࡛ࡣࠊ཯ᑕࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ࣭ձࡢఏᦙ㏿ᗘࡣ⣙ 465m/s

 ࡤࡡࡤ࠿ࡾࢆ⏝࠸࡚ఏᦙ㏿ᗘࡢᙇຊ࡟ࡼࡿ

ղࡢఏᦙ㏿ᗘࡣ⣙ 59m/s ࡔࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ ኚ໬ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊղࡢἼᙧࡢሙྜࡣఏᦙ㏿ձࡣ⦪ἼࠊղࡣᶓἼ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ᗘࡣᙇຊ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚ໬ࡋࠊ⣙ 0~60 m/s ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊղࡣᶓἼࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ࡲ࡜ࡵ

௬ㄝ ࣭፹㉁࡜ࢥࢵࣉࡢྥࡁࡀᖹ⾜ࡢ࡜ࡁỈ⣒࡛ࡣࠊ⦪ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶࡣఙࡧ⦰ࡳࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ᬮ࠿ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ Ἴࡀఏࢃࡾࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡛ࡣࠊ㡢ࡀఏࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

ࡾ෭ࡓࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ㝿࡟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮
ࡢฟධࡾࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋᐇ㦂Ϭ௬ㄝ  ࡢ᳨ド
࣭፹㉁࡜ࢥࢵࣉࡢྥࡁࡀᆶ┤ࡢ࡜ࡁỈ⣒࡛ࡣࠊ(1)᪉ἲ

 ⦪Ἴ࡜ᶓἼࡀఏࢃࡾࠊࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡛ࡣࠊᶓἼࡀఏ  ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡜ࡤࡡࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟㔜ࡾࢆྞࡿࡋ࡚  ࢃ ࡿࠋ ఙࡧࢆ ᐃࡋࠊ㔜ࡾࡢᩘࢆቑࡸࡍ࡜ࡁ࡜ῶࡽࡍ

 ࡜ࡁࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ



(2)⤖ᯝ

࣭Ỉ⣒࡛ࡣࠊ⦪ἼࡶᶓἼࡶఏࢃࡿࠋ ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡛ࡣቑࡸࡍ࡜ࡁ࡜ῶࡽࡍ࡜ࡁ࡛ᕪࡀ ⏕ࡌࡓࠋ

࣭ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡛ࡣࠊ
ᶓἼࡣఏࢃࡿࡀ⦪Ἴࡣῶ⾶ࡍࡿࠋэࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡛ࡣ⦪Ἴࡀఏࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡢࡣ࡞ࡐ࠿

௬ㄝ䝂䝮䜂䜒㻢㻜ࡾࡢᚲせ࡞ᛂຊ>1P@ ࡀ  ᱆௨ୖ㐪࠺ࡓࡵ࡛ࡣ㻡㻜࡞ ࠸ ࠿ ࠋ Ỉ ⣒     ࢦ ࣒ ࡦ㻠㻜ఙ䜃Ỉ⣒࡜ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ࡛ࡣࣖࣥࢢ⋡ ༢఩ࡦࡎࡳ࠶ࡓ

ࡶ ቑ㻟㻜Ѝ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢦ࣒ࡦࡶྠᵝ࡟ఙࡧ⦰ࡳࡋ

㻞㻜ࡸࡍ࠸ࡤࡡࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ

㻝㻜

ῶ

㻜


ᐇ㦂ϭࡤࡡࡢᐇ㦂

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㻞

㻠

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㻤

㻝㻜

㻝㻞

㔜䜚㻔㻝㻜㼓㻕䛾ಶᩘ

(1)᪉ἲ
䜀䛽

፹㉁ࢆࡤࡡ࡟ኚ࠼ࠊᐇ㦂Ϩ-1 ࡜ྠࡌ᪉ἲ࡛ఏ
㻢㻜

ᦙࡢᵝᏊࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ

㻡㻜

(2)⤖ᯝ

ఙ䜃

㻠㻜

ቑ
ῶ

㻟㻜

㻞㻜

㻝㻜

㻜
㻜

཯ᑕࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊἼᙧࡣᚎࠎ࡟ኚ໬ࡋ࡚

㻞

㻠

㻢

㻤

㻝㻜

㻝㻞

㔜䜚㻔㻝㻜㼓㻕䛾 ಶᩘ࠸ࡿࠋ┠ど࡟ࡼࡾ⦪Ἴ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࣭ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶ

(3)⪃ᐹ⦪Ἴࡢ᣺ືࢆཷࡅࡓሙྜࡣࠊࢦ࣒ࡦࡶࡢఙ

ࣖࣥࢢ⋡ࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺௬ㄝࡣ㛫㐪ࡗࡧ⦰ࡳࡀ኱ࡁࡃࠊࣄࢫࢸࣜࢩࢫᦆ㸦≀యࡀఙ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡧ⦰ࡳࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡑࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ⇕࡟ኚࢃࡗ࡚ኻࢃࢀࡿ㔞㸧ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊῶ⾶ࡋࡸࡍ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᶓἼࡢ᣺ືࢆཷࡅࡓሙྜࡣࠊ⦪Ἴ࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࢦ࣒ࡦࡶࡢఙࡧ⦰ࡳࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࣄࢫࢸࣜ
ࢩࢫᦆࡀᑠࡉࡃࠊῶ⾶ࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
࣭Ỉ⣒⦪㺃ᶓ࡜ࡶ࡟ఙࡧ⦰ࡳࡀᑠࡉࡃࠊࣄࢫࢸࣜ
ࢩࢫᦆࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ⦪ἼࡶᶓἼࡶῶ⾶ࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
࣭ࡤࡡ ⦪Ἴࡢ᣺ືࢆཷࡅࡓሙྜࡢఙࡧ⦰ࡳࡣࡤ
ࡡ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ኱ࡁ࠸ࡀࠊ㔪㔠⮬యࡢఙࡧ⦰ࡳࡣ
ᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵࠊࣄࢫࢸࣜࢩࢫᦆࡀᴟࡵ࡚ᑠࡉ࠸
࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ᅵ⫧೺஧ ͆ࢦ࣒㟁ヰ࡛⪺ࡃᶓἼࡢ㡢͇ࠗ࠸ࡁ࠸ࡁ≀⌮ࢃࡃࢃࡃᐇ㦂 3 ࠘  ឡ▱࣭୕㔜≀⌮ࢧ࣮ࢡࣝ 2011 P.160~161ྜྷ⃝⣧ኵ ࠗ⣒㟁ヰࡢఏᦙ㏿ᗘ࡞࡝࠘ APEJ
2006, 124 ྕ P.40

                   ୕㔜┴❧ὠ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ

᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡿ㸦ⓙ᪤᭶㣗ほ 㸧
The Distance to the Moon ຾⍞ᬛᾈ ኴ⏣༓⿱ ྥ஭ᮃthth

We could see the total eclipse of the moon in Japan from the beginning to the end on December 10 and 11 , 2011. This
time we measured the difference between the position of the moon seen from Tsu and the one seen from Otaru tomeasure the distance from the earth to the moon.
せ⣙ ᖺ  ᭶ 㹼 ᪥࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ほ ࡋࡓⓙ᪤᭶㣗ࡢ⏬ീࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᆅ⌫࠿ࡽ᭶ࡲ࡛
ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᮏᰯ࡛᧜ᙳࡋࡓ⏬ീ࡜ࠊᑠᶡ࡛᧜ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬ീ࠿ࡽࠊ᭶ࡢ࿘ࡾࡢᫍࡢᗙᶆ࡜ࠊ᭶ࡢ
࿘⦕ࡢᗙᶆࡼࡾ᭶ࡢ୰ᚰᗙᶆࢆ ᐃࡋࠊ᭶ࡢど఩⨨ࡢ㐪࠸࠿ࡽ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡢ ᐃ࡟ࡼࡾὠ࠿ࡽ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ NP ࡜ồࡲࡗࡓࠋࢫࢸࣛࢼࣅࢤ࣮ࢱ
࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ᐇ㝿ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ NP ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋᕪࡀ⏕ࡌࡓཎᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᗙᶆࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ㝿ࡢㄗᕪࠊ኱Ẽࡢᦂࡽࡂࡢᙳ㡪࡞࡝ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ⓙ᪤᭶㣗ࡢ㝿ࡣࠊ᭶࿘㎶ࡢᜏᫍࡀ᧜ᙳࡋࡸࡍࡃ᭶ࡢ఩⨨ ᐃࡢ⢭ᗘࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ㸰ᆅⅬ࡛ࡢ᭶㣗ࡢ⏬ീࡼࡾࠊᆅ
⌫᭶㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡼࡾṇ☜࡞್ࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡉࡽ࡟ᕤኵࢆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

ࢆࡁࡵࡓࠋ

1.ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
 2011 ᖺ 12 ᭶ 10㹼11 ᪥࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ⓙ᪤᭶㣗ࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࠊ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡣྛᆅ࡛ጞࡵ࠿ࡽ⤊ࢃࡾࡲ࡛ぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ 㒊ศ㣗ࡢጞࡲࡾࡣ 21 ᫬ 45.4 ศࠊⓙ᪤㣗ࡢጞࡵࡣ 23 ᫬ 5.7 ศࠊ㒊ศ㣗ࡢ⤊ࢃࡾࡣ 11 ᪥ 1 ᫬
18.3 ศ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ௒ᅇᡃࠎࡣᆅ⌫࠿ࡽ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᆅ⌫ୖࡢ 2 Ⅼ(ὠ࡜ᑠᶡ࡛᧜ᙳ)࠿ࡽぢࡓ᭶ࡢ఩⨨ࡢᕪ㸦どᕪ㸧ࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ᭶㣗᫬ࡣ᭶ࡀᆅ⌫ࡢᙳ࡟ධࡾᬯࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࿘ࡾࡢᫍࡀ
ぢࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡾ᭶ࡢ఩⨨ࢆ ᐃࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋࡲࡓ᭶
㣗᫬ࡣ‶᭶࡞ࡢ࡛᭶ࡢ୰ᚰᗙᶆࢆồࡵࡸࡍࡃࠊ
ṇ☜࡞ ᐃࡀฟ᮶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ

3.᫬้ࡢ୍⮴ὠ࡜ᑠᶡ࡛ࡢ᭶ࡢ఩⨨ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ
ྠ᫬้࡛࠶ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵᡃࠎࡣὠ࡛
᧜ീࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣ࡯ࡰ 1 ศ㛫㝸࡛᧜ീࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋὠ࡛ࡢ 23 ᫬ 24 ศ 28 ⛊࡜ 25 ศ 35 ⛊⏬ീ࠿ࡽ ᐃࡉࢀࡓ᭶ࡢᗙᶆࡢኚ໬㔞࠿ࡽᑠᶡ࡛᧜ᙳ
ࡉࢀࡓ᫬้ 24 ศ 58 ⛊࡟࠾ࡅࡿὠ࠿ࡽぢࡓ᭶ࡢᗙᶆࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ
4.どゅᗘ࡬ࡢኚ᥮
⏬ീࡢࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢆどゅᗘ࡛⾲ࡍࡓࡵ࡟ 2 ࡘࡢᜏᫍ(HIP24063,HIP23784)ࡢ఩⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ
2 ࡘࡢᜏᫍࡢ⏬ീୖ࡛ᗙᶆ࠿ࡽ 2 ᫍࡢ㊥㞳㸦ゅ㊥㞳㸧ࡀఱࣆࢡࢭ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆồࡵࠊ2 ᫍࡢ㞳
ゅ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊ1 ࣆࢡࢭࣝᙜࡾࡢどゅᗘࢆồࡵࡓࠋᐃ᪉ἲᮏᰯ࡛᧜ᙳࡋࡓ⏬ീ࡜ࠊᑠᶡ࡛᧜ᙳࡉࢀࡓ⏬
ീࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⏬ീ ᐃࢯࣇࢺࠊ࣐࢝ࣜࡢ఩⨨ ᐃ࡛ࠊ᭶ࡢ
୰ᚰᗙᶆ࡜᭶ࡢ࿘ࡾࡢᫍࡢᗙᶆࢆồࡵࡿࠋ᭶ࡢ
࿘ࡾࡢᫍࡣ௒ᅇࠊHIP24063ࠊHIP23784 ࢆ౑ࡗࡓࠋ᭶ࡢ࿘⦕ࡢ ᐃⅬࡣࠕ࣐࢝ࣜࠖࡢࢢࣛࣇࡢഴ
ࡁࡀᛴ࡟࡞ࡿ㒊ศࡢ୰㛫Ⅼࢆ᭶ࡢ⦕࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ᭶ࡢ࿘⦕ࡢྛⅬࢆ㏻ࡿ෇ࢆồࡵࠊ᭶ࡢ୰ᚰᗙᶆ
2.

5.᭶㸫ὠ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆồࡵࡿὠ̺ᑠᶡ㛫ࡢ┤⥺㊥㞳ࠊὠ࠿ࡽぢࡓᑠᶡࡢ᪉
ྥ࡜᭶ࡢ᪉ྥࡀ࡞ࡍゅࠊ᭶ࡢどᕪࡀồࡲࡿ࡜ࠊṇᘻᐃ⌮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚᭶࡜ὠࡢ㊥㞳ࡀồࡲࡿࠋ
6.⤖ㄽ㸦᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳㸧ὠ࣭ᑠᶡ࡛ࡢ᭶ࡢどᕪࡣ 484.66͜ࠊὠ-ᑠᶡ㛫ࡢ┤⥺㊥㞳ࡣ 968.43kmࠊὠ࠿ࡽぢࡓᑠᶡࡢ᪉ྥ࡜᭶ࡢ᪉ྥࡀ࡞ࡍゅࡣ 104.05r࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ 399600km ࡜ồࡲ
ࡗࡓ

7..⪃ᐹ
௒ᅇࠊᡃࠎࡀồࡵࡓὠ࠿ࡽ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ
399600km ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࢫࢸࣛࢼࣅ
ࢤ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ὠ࡜᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳ࡣ
391,000km ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊᡃࠎࡢ ᐃ⤖ᯝࡣᑡࡋ␗࡞ࡗࡓ್࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢᕪࡀ
⏕ࡌࡓཎᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᫍࡢᗙᶆࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ㝿ࡢㄗᕪࠊ኱Ẽࡢᦂࡽࡂࡢᙳ㡪ࠊ෗┿ࡢ㩭᫂ࡉࡢ୙㊊࡞࡝ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
෤ሙࡢ᧜ീ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ኱Ẽࡢᦂࡽࡂࡢᙳ
㡪ࡀ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
௒ᅇࡢほ ࡛ࠊ᭶ࡲ࡛ࡢ㊥㞳(399600km)࡜᭶
ࡢど┤ᚄ(1819.5”)ࡀồࡲࡗࡓࡢ࡛᭶ࡢ┤ᚄࡶồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ௒ᅇồࡵࡓ᭶ࡢ┤ᚄࡣ
3525km ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⌮⛉ᖺ⾲࡟ࡼࡿ࡜᭶ࡢ┤ᚄ
ࡣ 3474km ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
8..ࡲ࡜ࡵ
ᆅ⌫-᭶㛫ࡢ㊥㞳࠾ࡼࡧ᭶ࡢ┤ᚄࢆồࡵࡿࡢ࡟ࠊⓙ᪤᭶㣗ࡢ⏬ീࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᭷ຠ࡛࠶
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡼࡾṇ☜࡞್ࢆồࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡼࡾ㩭᫂࡞⏬ീࢆ᧜ᙳࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᕤኵࢆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋཪࠊほ Ⅼ㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆࡼࡾⰋࡃࡍࡿࠊከࡃࡢほ ࢆ⾜࠺࡞࡝ࠊ௒ᚋࡣࡼࡾṇ☜࡞ ᐃࢆ⾜࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ㄗᕪࡢ⏕ࡌࡓཎᅉࢆ
㏣✲ࡋࠊᨵၿࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋ

9.ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
ᅜᅵᆅ⌮㝔 HP(www.gsi.go.jp/index.html)
ኳᩥᖺ㚷(ㄔᩥᇽ᪂ග♫)࣐࡛࢝ࣜࡢ᭶⦕ ᐃ᭶࡜ὠ㸫ᑠᶡࡢ㛵ಀὠ࠿ࡽぢࡓ᭶࣭ᑠᶡࡢ᪉ྥ

 ୕㔜┴❧ὠす㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㣗ရᗫᲠ≀࠿ࡽࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࢆసࢁ࠺
Producing bioethanol from food wastes⃝ᮌᙬ஀ 㕥ᮌᗣ௓ 㬆ᕝᐶ኱ 㕥ᮌඃ㔛 ᒣ⬥኱ஓ
Abstract
Today about 10% of the bread and rice we use is wasted. So, we decided to produce bioethanol from food wastes.
First, the starch within bread and rice was decomposed into glucose by enzymes. Then, the glucose wasfermented into ethanol by yeast.
せ⣙௒᪥㸪ࣃࣥ࡜⡿㣤ࡢ⣙ ࡀᗫᲠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛⚾ࡓࡕࡣ㸪㣗ရᗫᲠ≀࠿ࡽࣂ࢖࢚࢜ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࢆ⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡎ㸪ࣃࣥ࡜⡿㣤࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿࢹࣥࣉࣥࢆ㸪㓝⣲ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࡟ศゎࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋ㸪㓝ẕ࡟ࡼࡿⓎ㓝ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠿ࡽ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࢆ⏕⏘ࡋࡓࠋ㸯㸬┠ⓗ㣗ရᗫᲠ≀㸦ࣃࣥ㸪⡿㣤㸧࠿ࡽ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࢆ⏕⏘ࡍ
ࡿࠋ



㸰㸬᪉ἲ
ձ 㓝⣲ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࣃࣥ࡜⡿㣤࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿࢹࣥࣉࣥࢆ
ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࡟ศゎࡍࡿࠋ ࣅ࣮࣮࢝࡟ࣃࣥࡲࡓࡣ⡿㣤ࢆධࢀ㸪㓑㓟⦆⾪ᾮ㸪ሷ໬࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘⁐ᾮࢆຍ࠼㸦⾲㸧㸪⵨␃Ỉ࡛ P/ ࡟ㄪᩚࡍࡿࠋࣃࣥ ࡲࡓࡣ㓑㓟⦆⾪ᾮ

1mol/L⡿㣤(pH5.5)ሷ໬࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘

50g




10mL

㓝ẕࡢᇵ㣴
㓝ẕ㸦,VVDWFKHQNLDRULHQWDOLV0)㸧ࢆࡢ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ⏕⏘⏝ᇵᆅ࡟ຍ࠼㸪Υ࡛᣺࡜࠺ᇵ㣴㸦 ᅇ㌿ศ㸧ࡍࡿࠋ ᫬㛫ᚋ࡟ヨᩱࢆ᥇ྲྀࡍࡿࠋ

ճ ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢᐃ㔞ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ㸱㸬⤖ᯝձ 㓝⣲ศゎヨᩱࡢࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮ศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ࢹࣥࣉࣥࡀࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࡟ศゎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ 㸧
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2000ȣL⪏⇕ᛶȘ㸫࢔࣑࣮ࣛࢮ ȣ/ ࢆຍ࠼㸪Υ㸪 ᫬㛫ຍ⇕ࡍࡿࠋᐊ ࡲ࡛෭༷ࡋ㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࢔࣑࣮ࣛࢮ J ࢆຍ࠼㸪୍ᬌᨩᢾࡍࡿࠋ
࣒࢝ࣛ 6XJDU' ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ +3/& ࡟ࡼࡾ㓝⣲ศゎヨᩱࡢศᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࠋղ 㓝ẕ࡟ࡼࡿⓎ㓝ࢆ⾜࠸㸪ࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠿ࡽ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮
ࣝࢆ⏕⏘ࡍࡿࠋ ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ⏕⏘⏝ᇵᆅࡢస〇㓝⣲ศゎヨᩱࢆ⁛⳦㸦Υ㸪 ศ㛫㸧ࡋ㸪㐲ᚰศ㞳㸦USP㸪 ศ㛫㸪Υ㸧ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ㐲ᚰୖΎࢆ᥇ྲྀࡋ㸪෌ᗘ㐲ᚰศ㞳㸦USP㸪 ศ㛫㸪Υ㸧ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ㐲ᚰୖΎ P/ ࡟❅⣲※ᾮ P/ ࢆຍ࠼ࡿࠋᅗ  㓝⣲ศゎヨᩱࡢࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮ศᯒղ ᇵ㣴ᾮヨᩱ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ࢚ࢱࣀ
࣮ࣝ㔞ࡢኚ໬ࡣᅗ  ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ
ࡢᾘ㈝࡜࡜ࡶ࡟࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡀ⏕⏘ࡉࢀ㸪 ᫬㛫ᚋ࡟ࡣࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫࡀࡍ࡭࡚ᾘ㈝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
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PRO/
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ᅗ  ᇵ㣴ᾮ୰ࡢࢢࣝࢥ࣮ࢫ࠾ࡼࡧ
࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ㔞ࡢኚ໬㸲㸬⪃ᐹᮏᐇ㦂ࡢ᮲௳࡛ࡣ㸪Ⓨ㓝᫬㛫ࡣ  ᫬㛫ࡀ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᫬㛫ᚋ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ཰⋡ࢆồࡵࡿ࡜㸪ࣃ࡛ࣥࡣ 㸣㸪⡿㣤࡛ࡣ 㸣࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㸳㸬⤖ㄽ㣗ရᗫᲠ≀ࡢࣃࣥ㸪⡿㣤࠿ࡽ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࢆ⏕⏘ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
㸴㸬௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟⏕⏘ࡋࡓ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ⃰ᗘࡣప࠸ࡓࡵ㸪⇞ᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚౑
⏝ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ⃰⦰ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᐇ㝿㸪ᗫᲠࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㣗ရࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࣃࣥ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⡿㣤ࡢࡳ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ΰྜࡉࢀࡓ≧ែ࡛ᗫᲠࡉࢀࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢΰྜࡋࡓᗫᲠ≀ࢆ࠸࠿࡟ຠ⋡ࡼࡃ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ࡟࡛
ࡁࡿ࠿ࡀㄢ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ⋢ᕝᏛᅬ㧗➼㒊୰Ꮫ㒊ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ◊✲㹼⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆṇ☜࡟ồࡵࡿ᪉ἲ㹼Research of some robot sensors
㹼Method to accurately determine the moving distance㹼▮⃝ ࡵࡄࡳ                    
AbstractWe research robots to be helpful to rescue activities in the affected areas. We will need a variety of different
sensors when we try to move the robot. We have studied, such as motion sensors to detect the object or to
examine the PSD sensor for sensing the presence or absence of the wall around the robot with a fever.
せ⣙⿕⅏ᆅ࡛ࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗάື࡟ᙺ❧ࡘࡼ࠺࡞ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ◊✲ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࢆື࠿ࡑ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࢭࣥ
ࢧ࣮ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡍࠋࣟ࣎ࢵࢺ࡟࿘ࡾࡢቨࡢ᭷↓ࢆឤ▱ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢ 36' ࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡓࡾࠊⓎ⇕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≀యࢆឤ▱ࡉࡏࡿேឤࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡣ≉࡟ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡜ᑐ㇟≀యࡢ఩⨨㛵ಀࢆṇ☜࡟ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆṇ☜࡟ồࡵࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆሗ࿌ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
ືᶵ࣭┠ⓗ
⚾ࡣࠊ୰Ꮫ 1 ᖺ࠿ࡽ C ゝㄒࢆ౑ࡗࡓࣟ࣎ࢵࢺไᚚ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ┠ᶆࡣࠊ࣐࢖ࢥࣥࡢ௙⤌ࡳࢆ⌮ゎࡋࡓࡾࠊࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢཎ⌮ࢆ⌮ゎࡋࡓࡾࡋ࡚ࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࠋࡇࡢ◊✲ࢆጞࡵ࡚࠿ࡽࠊࣟ࣎
࢝ࢵࣉࢪࣗࢽ࢔኱఍ࡢࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗ㒊㛛࡛ዲᡂ⦼ࢆṧࡍࡇ࡜ࢆㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ
ࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗ➇ᢏ࡛ࡣࠊ༢࡟ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡀ㉮⾜ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᵝࠎ࡞ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ౑࠸ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺ࿘㎶ࡢ≧ἣࢆㄆ㆑ࡉࡏࡿᚲ
せࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᵝࠎ࡞ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞౑⏝᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⋢ᕝ኱ᏛࡢỈ㔝ᩍᤵ࡟ᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࠋ
௒ᖺࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢṇ☜࡞⛣ື㊥㞳ࡢ ᐃࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ᪉ἲࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ⚾ࡢ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗ㒊㛛࡟ࡣ A ࡜ B ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⚾ࡣࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗB ࡟ࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗ㒊㛛࡟ࡣ⿕⅏⪅࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࣞࢫ
࣮࢟ࣗB ࡛ࡣⓎ⇕≀యࡀ⿕⅏⪅࡟ぢ❧࡚ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗB ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝ࡟ࠊ
ࠕᗈࡉ 1200mm1200mm ࡢࢥ࣮ࢺࢆ㧗ࡉ 300mm ࡢᯈࢆ౑࠸ࠊᖜ 300mm 㛫㝸࡟௙ษࡽࢀࡓ✵㛫㸦❧యᵓ㐀ࡢ㏞㊰㸧ࡢ୰࡛ࠊ⿕⅏⪅ࢆⓎぢࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㏞㊰ࢆゎࡁ㐍ࡵࡿࠋࠖ࡜࠸࠺ㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࣟ
࣎ࢵࢺࡢ⌧ᅾᆅࡢᢕᥱࡀ➇ᢏࡢ຾ᩋࡢ࢝ࢠ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ⿕⅏⪅ࢆࡼࡾከࡃⓎぢࡋࡓ᪉ࡀ㧗ᚓⅬࢆ≺࠼ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㏞㊰ࢆࡃࡲ࡞ࡃ᥈ࡍ࡜ࡼࡾ㧗ᚓⅬࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ఩⨨ࡢᢕᥱ࡟ࡣࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ⛣ື㸦㉮⾜㸧㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ┠ⓗࢆࠕࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆṇ☜࡟ồࡵࡿ᪉ἲࡢㄪᰝࠖ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
㸦ᅗ 1࣭ᅗ 2࣭ᅗ 3 ཧ↷㸧ᅗ 1 ⿕⅏ᆅ࡟ぢ❧࡚ࡓࢥ࣮ࢫ           

ᅗ 2 ⿕⅏ᆅࢆࣈࣟࢵࢡ࡟
ศࡅࡓ࣐ࢵࣉ



ᅗ 3 ไసࡋࡓࣟ࣎ࢵࢺ௬ㄝ ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆṇ☜࡟ồࡵࡿ᪉ἲࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ3 ✀㢮ࡢࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ1㸬㉥እ⥺ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⮬సࡢ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮㸦཯ᑕᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱ㸧ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢ෇࿘ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆ ࢀࡤࠊ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡀศ࠿ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸽
2㸬LEGO ࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮࡟ෆⶶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮㸦㏱㐣ᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱ㸧㏱㐣ᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࡢ᪉ࡀࠊࡼࡾṇ☜࡟ᅇ㌿ᩘࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸
࠿ࠋࡲࡓࠊ1 ᅇ㌿ࢆࡼࡾ⣽࠿ࡃศ๭ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡼࡾ⢭ᗘࡼࡃ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡀศ࠿ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸽
3㸬ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫ
ࢱ࢖ࣖࡀ⁥ࡗ࡚✵ᅇࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡁࡣࠊ
ࣟ࣎ࢵࢺᮏయࡣࡑࡢሙ࠿ࡽ⛣ືࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ
ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆㄪ࡭࡚࠸ࡿ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮࡛ࡣࠊ⛣ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㊥㞳ࢆ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᗋ࡜ࡢ⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡀࡼࡾṇ☜࡟ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸽ͤ1 ࡜ 2 ࡣࠊ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮࡜࠸࠺ྠࡌ௙⤌ࡳࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ࡝ࡕࡽࡀࡼࡾṇ☜࡟㊥㞳ࡢ ᐃࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ᑐ↷ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⢭ᗘࡢẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 4㸧ࠋ
ᅗ 4 ⓑ࡜㯮࡟ሬࡾศࡅࡓࢱ࢖ࣖ
➨୍❶ ⮬సࡢ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡢ ᐃࠝࡣࡌࡵ࡟࣭ࠞ ⮬సࡋࡓ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࡢᵓ㐀 ⮬సࡋࡓ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࡣ㉥እ⥺ࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚཯ᑕᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋࢱ࢖ࣖࢆⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽ࡟ሬࡾศࡅࠊⰍࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ㉥እ⥺ࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡛ㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚ࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆồࡵࡿ᪉ἲࢆ࡜ࡗࡓࠋ
㸦ᅗ 4࣭ᅗ 5 ࢆཧ↷㸧

ᅗ 5 ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡓᵝᏊᅗ 6 ཯ᑕᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱ(RPR-220)ࠝཎ⌮࣭ࠞ ㉥እ⥺ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢᕤኵ ㉥እ⥺ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡣ᫖ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡛ࠊ᪤〇ရࡼࡾࡶ[RPR-220(࣮࣒ࣟ)]ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚⮬సࡋࡓࠕ཯ᑕᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡ
ࢱࠖࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᪉ࡀࠊไᚚࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࢭࣥࢧ್࣮ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ⮬సࡋࡓ㉥እ⥺ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ 㸦ᅗ 6࣭7࣭8 ࢆཧ↷㸧ᅗ 7 ⤌ࡳ❧࡚ࡓࢭࣥࢧ࣮

ᅗ 8 ᅇ㊰ᅗ࣭ ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᕤኵ ࢱ࢖ࣖࢆ 12 ➼ศ࡟༊ษࡾࠊⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽࢆ஺஫࡟ሬࡾ
ศࡅࡓࠋ⣽࠿ࡃ༊ษࢀࡤ༊ษࡿ࡯࡝⢭ᗘࡀୖࡀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࡀࠊ㉥እ⥺ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢཷග㒊ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡢ㛵ಀ࡛ࠊࡇࢀࡼࡾ⣽࠿ࡃ༊ษࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
㸦ᅗ 3 ࢆཧ↷㸧࣭ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᕤኵ ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊⓑⰍ࠿ࡽ㯮Ⰽࡲࡓࡣࠊ㯮Ⰽ࠿ࡽⓑⰍ࡟ኚࢃࡗࡓᅇᩘࢆᩘ࠼ࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࠋ
ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊmode0 ࡜࠸࠺ኚᩘ࡟ⓑⰍࡢ࡜ࡁࡣ 1 ࢆࠊ㯮Ⰽࡢ࡜ࡁࡣ 0 ࢆ௦ධࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋḟ࡟ࡶ࠺୍ᗘࢭࣥࢧ࣮࡛
ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢⰍࢆ ᐃࡋࠊmode1 ࡟ྠᵝ࡟ 1 ࠿ 0 ࡢ್ࢆ௦ධࡍࡿࠋmode0 ࡜ mode1 ࡢ್ࡀྠࡌሙྜ࡟ࡣ࢝࢘ࣥ
ࢺࡋ࡞࠸ࡀࠊmode0 ࡜ mode1 ࡢ್ࡀ␗࡞ࡿሙྜࡣ࢝
࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢືసࢆྠᵝ࡟⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡚
⾜࠸ࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡋࡓࠋ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ㛵ᩘࡣࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡋ
࡞ࡀࡽᣦᐃࡋࡓᅇ㌿ᩘ(cnt)ࡲ࡛ࠊᣦᐃࡋࡓࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ
(m1,m2)࡛ᕥྑࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆᅇ㌿ࡉࡏࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟స
ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢⰍࡀኚࢃࡿᩘࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ
ࡋ࡚ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
ᅗ 9 ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢⓑ㯮ࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ
㸦ᅗ 9 ࢆཧ↷㸧㸦ᣦᐃࡋࡓࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࡛ࠊᣦᐃࡋࡓ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡲ࡛㉮ࡿ㸧㹙ᐇ㦂Ϩ㹛 ⮬సࡋࡓ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドᐇ㦂ࠑ┠ⓗࠒ ࢱ࢖ࣖࢆⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽ࡟ሬࡾศࡅࠊࡑࡢⰍࢆ཯ᑕᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱ࡛ㄞࡳྲྀࡗ࡚ࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆㄪ࡭ࡿ᪉ἲ࡛ࡣࠊ
⢭ᗘࡣ࡝ࡢࡃࡽ࠸Ⰻ࠸࠿㸽㸦1m 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡿ⢭ᗘࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸧ࠑ᪉ἲࠒ
1㸬1-2 ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࠊ1200 ࢝࢘ࣥࢺศ㐍ࡳṆࡲࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆసࡗࡓ
2㸬H8 ࣐࢖ࢥࣥ࡟᭩ࡁ㎸ࡳࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ⾜ࡉࡏࡓ3㸬ఱ cm 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡗࡓ࠿ࠊ ᐃࡋグ㘓ࡋࡓ

4㸬3㸬ࢆ 20 ᅇ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࡓ5㸬 ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆᩓᕸᅗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࠑ⤖ᯝࠒ㸦ᅗ 10 ࢆཧ↷㸧
1m ࡛Ṇࡲࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࣉ
ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⤌ࢇࡔࡀࠊㄗ
ᕪࡀ኱ࡁࡃࠊ᭱኱࡛s
20cm ࡢㄗᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ᅗ 10 ⮬సࡢᅇ㌿ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ100cm ㉮ࡗ࡚೵Ṇࡉࡏࡓ⤖ᯝࠑ⪃ᐹࠒ
 1m 㐍ࡴ㛫࡟᭱኱࡛s20cm ⛬ᗘࡢㄗᕪࡀฟ࡚ࠊ5cm ⛬ᗘࡢㄗᕪࡀฟࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊṇ☜࡟ ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜
⪃࠼ࡓࠋㄗᕪࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ2 ࡘ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
1 ࡘࡣࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢⰍࡢ༊ษࡾ᪉ࡀⲨ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ1 ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ࡛㐍ࡴ㊥㞳ࡀ㛗ࡃࠊྠࡌ࢝࢘ࣥࢺᩘ࡛ࡶࢫࢱ࣮ࢺࡍࡿࣈ
ࣟࢵࢡࡢ఩⨨࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ
ࡶ࠺ 1 ࡘࡣࠊ཯ᑕᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱ࡛ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽࢆุ᩿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽࡢ୰㛫ࡄࡽ࠸ࡢ್ࡀฟࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊṇࡋࡃⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽࢆุ᩿ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࠿ࡽࡔࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ࢝࢘ࣥࢺᩘࢆ┠࡛ࡶ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ
࡟ࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡀⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽࡢሙྜ࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀ␗࡞ࡿⰍࡢ LED ࢆⅬⅉࡉࡏ࡚ࡳࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ୍ᐃࡢࢫࣆ࣮ࢻ࡛㉮⾜ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ୍ᐃࡢ㛫㝸࡛ LED ࡀⅬ⁛ࡍࡿࡣࡎࡔࡀࠊࡓࡲ࡟ࠊⅬ⁛ࡀ᪩ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊࢱ࢖ࣖ࡟ሬࡗࡓⓑⰍࡀᆒ୍࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡛ࠊࡓࡲ࡟ࠊⓑⰍࡢࣈࣟࢵࢡࡢ㛫࡛ࡶࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ್ࡀ㯮Ⰽࡢ್࡟㏆࠸᫬ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ࢝࢘
ࣥࢺࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࠑ⤖ㄽࠒ཯ᑕᆺ࡛ࡣࠊㄗᕪࡀ኱ࡁࡃࠊ⢭ᗘࡣప࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋⰍࢆఱᗘࡶሬࡾ࡞࠾ࡋ࡚ࡳࡓࡀࠊⓑⰍ࡜㯮Ⰽࡢቃ┠௜㏆࡞࡝ࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶㄗᕪࡀฟ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ཯ᑕᆺࡢࢭࣥࢧ್࣮࡛ࢆㄞࡴࡢ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢㄗᕪࡣ࡞ࡃࡏ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ㏱㐣ᆺࡢࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺࡜ᛮࡗࡓࠋ

➨஧❶ /(*2 ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡢ ᐃࠝࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࠞ ཯ᑕᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱࡼࡾࡶࠊ㏱㐣ᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱࡢ᪉ࡀ⢭ᗘࡣୖࡀࡿࡢ࠿㸽࣭ LEGO NXT ࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࡢᵓ㐀 ㏱㐣ᆺࡢ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࢆ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮࡟ྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡼ࠺࡜ヨࡳࡓࡀࠊᅇ㌿㍈ࡀ
▷ࡍࡂࡓࡓࡵ࡟ࠊྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗ➇ᢏ࡟ᛂ⏝࡛ࡁࡿࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ◊✲ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࢡ࣮࣮ࣟࣛ㸦࢟ࣕࢱࣆࣛ㸧ࡶྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡸࡍࡃࠊ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࡶ
ෆⶶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠗLEGO NXT࠘ࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ
㸦ᅗ 11 ࢆཧ↷㸧
ᅗ 11 LEGO NXT ⏝࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࠝཎ⌮࣭ࠞ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᕤኵ 㹼๭ࡾ㎸ࡳ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㹼๭ࡾ㎸ࡳ࡜ࡣࠊ࣐࢖ࢥࣥࡀືసࢆ⾜࠺᫬࡟ࠊඃඛ㡰఩ࢆࡘࡅ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡿືస A ࡀ࣐࢖ࢥࣥࡢฎ⌮ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡋ࡞࠸࡜ࡁ
ࡣࠊูࡢືస B ࡢฎ⌮ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ࠶ࡿືస A ࡀฎ⌮ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊືస B ࡢฎ⌮ࢆࡸࡵ࡚ࠊືస A ࡢฎ⌮ࢆඃඛࡋ࡚⾜࠺࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣐࢖ࢥࣥࡣࠊྠ᫬࡟ከᩘࡢືసฎ⌮ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊඃඛ㡰఩ࢆࡘࡅࡿࠋ

౛࠼ࡤࠊࣜࣅࣥࢢ࡛ࢸࣞࣅࢆぢ࡞ࡀࡽ཭㐩ࢆᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ࡍ
ࡿࠋ཭㐩ࡣ࠸ࡘ᮶ࡿ࠿ࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊఱᅇࡶ⋞㛵ࡲ࡛ฟ࡚཭㐩ࡀ᮶࡚࠸ࡿ࠿☜ㄆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࣜࣅࣥ
ࢢ࡛ⴠࡕ╔࠸࡚ࢸࣞࣅࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ཭㐩ࡀ᮶ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ࢳࣕ࢖࣒ࢆ㬆ࡽࡍ⣙᮰ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࢀ
ࡤࠊࢳࣕ࢖࣒ࡀ㬆ࡿࡲ࡛⋞㛵࡟ฟ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡼ࠸ࠋࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࣜࣅࣥ
ࢢ࡛ⴠࡕ╔࠸࡚ࢸࣞࣅࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀࡀࠊ๭ࡾ㎸ࡳࡢ௙⤌ࡳ࡜฼Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᅇࠊ๭ࡾ㎸ࡳࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ್ࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿࡲ
࡛ࡢ᫬㛫ࡀ࡜࡚ࡶ▷࠸ࡓࡵࠊ࣐࢖ࢥࣥࡀ್ࢆㄞࡳ࡟᮶ࡓ᫬࡟ࡣ
ఱᅇ࠿ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ್ࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚࠸࡚ࡶ 1 ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ಙྕࡀ
ཷࡅྲྀࡽࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࡇࢀࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ๭ࡾ㎸ࡳࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࢭ
ࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ್ࡀኚ໬ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟࣐࢖ࢥࣥࢆ࿧ࡧฟࡏࡤ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ࣑
ࢫࡣ࡞ࡃࡏࡿࡓࡵࠊṇ☜࡞㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ 12㸧

ᅗ 12 ῶ㏿ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ೵Ṇࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ
㹙ᐇ㦂ϩ㹛 LEGO NXT ࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドᐇ㦂㸦1㸧ࠑ┠ⓗࠒ ㏱㐣ᆺࣇ࢛ࢺࣜࣇࣞࢡࢱࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮࡛ࡣࠊ
㹙ᐇ㦂Ϩ㹛࡜ẚ࡭࡚࡝ࡢࡃࡽ࠸⢭ᗘࡀୖࡀࡿࡢ࠿㸽㸦㹙ᐇ㦂Ϩ㹛࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ1m 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡿ⢭ᗘࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸧ࠑ᪉ἲࠒ
1. 1㸫3 ࡜ྠࡌࡃࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࠊ1560 ࢝࢘ࣥࢺศ㐍ࡳṆࡲࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆసࡗࡓ
2. H8 ࣐࢖ࢥࣥ࡟᭩ࡁ㎸ࡳࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᐇ⾜ࡉࡏࡓ
3. ఱ cm 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡗࡓ࠿ࠊ ᐃࡋグ㘓ࡋࡓ
4. 3.ࢆ 20 ᅇ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࡓ
5.
ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆᩓᕸᅗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓࠑ⤖ᯝࠒ㸦ᅗ 13 ࢆཧ↷㸧࡯ࡰṇ☜࡟ 1m ࡛Ṇࡲࡗࡓࠋࠑ⪃ᐹࠒ 1m 㐍ࡴ㛫࡟ࠊ᭱኱࡛
s㸰cm ࡢㄗᕪࡀฟ࡚ࠊ
࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢሙྜ 1m ࡕࡻ࠺࡝࡛Ṇࡲࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ
ṇ☜࡟ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ᅗ 13 ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮࡛ᅇ㌿ᩘࢆㄪ࡭ࠊ100cm ㉮ࡗ࡚೵Ṇࡉࡏࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ⮬సࡋࡓ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊㄗᕪࡀᴟࡵ࡚ᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ2 ࡘ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
1 ࡘࡣࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡀ 1 ᅇ㌿ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿᅇᩘࡀ௨๓ࡣ 10 ᅇᙉࡔࡗࡓࡶࡢࡀࠊ
௒ᅇࡣ 100 ᅇᙅࡔࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
1 ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡢ⛣ືࡍࡿ㊥㞳ࡀᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ⢭ᗘࡀ᱁ẁ࡟ୖࡀࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ࡶ࠺ 1 ࡘࡣࠊࡇࡢ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࡣ㏱㐣ᆺ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ཯ᑕᆺࡢሙྜࡣ↷ᑕࡋࡓ㉥እ⥺ࡀ཯ᑕࡍࡿ㝿࡟࿘ࡾࡢ㯮Ⰽ࡟྾཰ࡉࢀ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊࣈࣟࢵࢡࡢⰍࡀⓑⰍ࡛ࡶ㯮Ⰽ࡜ྠࡌࡃࡽ࠸ࡢ್ࡋ࠿㏉ࡗ࡚ࡇ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ㏱㐣
ᆺࡢሙྜࡣࠊ↷ᑕࡋࡓ㉥እ⥺ࡀ⁁ࡢ✵࠸࡚࠸ࡿ୸࠸⩚᰿࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊ⁁ࡢ㒊ศࡀࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ๓ࢆᶓษࡿ࡜ࠊගࡣ⩚ࡢ཯ᑐഃ࡟࠶ࡿཷග㒊࡛ឤ▱ࡉࢀࡿࠋḟࡢ▐㛫ࠊ⩚ࡢ⁁ࡣ↓ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊගࡀ㐽ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡛࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡉࢀࠊࡇࡢ
ᵓ㐀⮬యࡶ NXT ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࡢ୰࡟ᦚ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࿘ࡾࡢ⎔ቃ࡟ᕥྑࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃṇ☜࡟ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ
࡜⪃࠼ࡓ࠿ࡽࡔࠋࠑ⤖ㄽࠒ
 ㏱㐣ᆺ࡛ࡣㄗᕪࡶᑡ࡞ࡃࠊ⢭ᗘࡀ㧗࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ೵Ṇࡍࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡍࡄ࡜ࡲࡿ࡜ࡁ࡜᝼ᛶ࡛ືࡃ࡜ࡁࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ
ከᑡࡢㄗᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㹙ᐇ㦂Ϫ㹛 LEGO NXT ࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドᐇ㦂㸦2㸧ࠝࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࠞ ๓ᅇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡀ೵Ṇࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࠊ᝼ᛶ࡛ࡓࡃࡉࢇືࡃ࡜ࡁ࡜ࠊ࠶ࡲࡾື࠿࡞࠸࡜ࡁࡢᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ೵Ṇࡍࡿ๓࡟ࡺࡗࡃࡾῶ㏿ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ೵Ṇࡍࢀࡤ᭦࡟ไᗘࡀ࠶ࡀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࠑ┠ⓗࠒᛴ࡟೵Ṇࡏࡎ࡟ࠊῶ㏿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ೵Ṇࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᨵၿࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ࡝ࡢࡃࡽ࠸⢭ᗘࡀୖࡀࡿ࠿㸽㸦㹙ᐇ㦂ϩ㹛࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ1m 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡿ⢭ᗘࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸧ࠑ᪉ἲࠒ㹙ᐇ㦂ϩ㹛࡜ྠᵝ࡟ ᐃࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࡀࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ1700 ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ࡟㏆࡙ࡃ࡯࡝ῶ㏿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㉮ࡾࠊࡺࡗࡃࡾ࡜೵Ṇࡍࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ࡋࡓࠋῶ㏿᪉ἲࡣ㸱ẁ㝵࡜ࡋࠊᣦᐃ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ㸱㸭㸳ࡀ⤒㐣ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊ᭱㧗㏿ᗘࡢ㸰㸭㸱࡟ῶ㏿ࠋḟࡣᣦᐃ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡢ㸲㸭㸳ࡀ⤒㐣ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊ᭱㧗㏿ᗘࡢ㸯㸭㸱࡟ῶ㏿ࠋᣦᐃ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ࡛೵
Ṇ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
ࠑ⤖ᯝࠒ
㸦ᅗ 14 ࢆཧ↷㸧㹙ᐇ㦂ϩ㹛ࡼࡾࡶṇ☜࡟ 1m ࡛Ṇࡲࡗࡓࠋࠑ⪃ᐹࠒ ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࡢ㏿ᗘࢆᚎࠎ࡟ኚ໬ࡉࡏ
ࡓࡇ࡜࡛ㄗᕪࡀῶ
ᑡࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊ࣮ࣔ
ࢱ࣮ࢆṆࡵࡿಙྕ
ࡀฟ࡚࠿ࡽࠊ࣮ࣔ
ࢱ࣮ࡀᐇ㝿࡟೵Ṇࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ᫬㛫ࡀ⥔ᣢ࠿ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࠿
ࡽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ௒
ࡲ࡛ࡣࠊ㏿࠸㏿ᗘࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟
ᅗ 14 ᛴ࡟೵Ṇࡏࡎࠊῶ㏿ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ೵Ṇࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᨵⰋࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆṆࡵࡿಙྕࡀ
ฟ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊಙྕࡀᐇ⾜ࡉࢀ࡚࠿ࡽᐇ㝿࡟࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࡀṆࡲࡿࡲ࡛࡟ࡣࠊṧࡗࡓᅇ㌿ࡍࡿຊࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵ࡟᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᚎࠎ࡟㏿ᗘࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆṆࡵࡿಙྕࡀฟࡓ᫬࡟ࡣ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢ 1㸭3 ࡢ㏿ᗘࡋ࠿ฟ࡚࠸࡞
࠸ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ⣲᪩ࡃṆࡲࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࠑ⤖ㄽࠒ  ᚎࠎ࡟࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࡢ㏿ᗘࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿ⢭ᗘࡣୖࡀࡿࠋ
㹙ᐇ㦂ϫ㹛 LEGO NXT ࡢ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドᐇ㦂㸦3㸧ࠝࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࠞ  ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡣᗋ࡟ఱࡶ࡞࠸≧ែ࡛ᐇ㦂ࡋࡓࡀࠊ⿕⅏ᆅ࡛ࡣ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ࡶࡢࡀᗋ࡟ⴠࡕ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ែ࡛ࡣࢱ࢖ࣖࡀࢫࣜࢵࣉࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊ
ࠕࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࠖ㸻ࠕࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢ⛣ື㊥㞳ࠖ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋᗋ࡟∎᳿ᯞࡀࡤࡽࡲ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࠊ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࡢㄗᕪࡀฟࡿࡢ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ
ࠑ┠ⓗࠒ  ᗋ࡟∎᳿ᯞࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡀࢫࣜࢵࣉࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ሙྜࠊ࡝ࡢࡃࡽ࠸⢭ᗘ࡟ㄗᕪࡀฟࡿࡢ࠿㸽㸦㹙ᐇ㦂Ϫ㹛࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ1m 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡿ⢭ᗘࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸧ࠑ᪉ἲࠒ ᅗ 15 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᗋ࡟∎᳿ᯞࢆࡤࡽࡲ࠸࡚ࠊ
㹙ᐇ㦂Ϫ㹛࡜ྠᵝࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㸯㹫࡛೵Ṇࡍࡿ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋࠑ⤖ᯝࠒ㸦ᅗ 16 ࢆཧ↷㸧㹙ᐇ㦂Ϫ㹛ࡼࡾࡶㄗᕪࡀ
኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

ᅗ 15 ᗋ࡟∎᳿ᯞࡀࡤࡽࡲ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬ࡢᐇ㦂ࡢᵝᏊᅗ 16 ᗋ࡟∎᳿ᯞࡀᧈ࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬࡟ࠊ100cm ㉮ࡗ࡚೵Ṇࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠑ⪃ᐹࠒ ᗋ࡟∎᳿ᯞࢆࡤࡽࡲࡃ๓ࡣࠊ࡯ࡰṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ∎᳿ᯞࢆࡤࡽࡲ࠸࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺࡜ࠊ1m ࡼࡾࡶᡭ๓࡛Ṇࡲࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋㄗᕪࡣࠊ㸫3cm㹼㸫1cm ⛬ᗘࡔࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ∎᳿ᯞࡢୖࢆ㉮⾜ࡍࡿ࡜ࢱ࢖ࣖࡀࢫ
ࣜࢵࣉࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡇࡢㄗᕪࡣࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘ࡛⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊ
ῶࡽࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᗋ࡜ࡢ⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃࡍࢀࡤࠊࡇࡢㄗᕪࡣῶࡽࡏࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞
࠸࠿ࠋ



ࠑ⤖ㄽࠒ
 ᗋ࡟∎᳿ᯞ࡞࡝ࡢ㞀ᐖ≀ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࠊ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡢ⢭ᗘࡀୗࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ Ѝᗋ࡜ࡢ⛣ືࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊ∎᳿ᯞࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸽➨୕❶ ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡢ ᐃࠝࡣࡌࡵ࡟࣭ࠞ ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࡢᵓ㐀ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࡣࠊᗋࡢᫎീࡀ๓ᅇࡢᫎീࡼࡾࡎࢀࡓሙྜ࡟ࠊ࡝ࡕࡽྥࡁ࡟ࡎࢀࡓࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ಙྕࢆ㏦ࡿࠋ࣐࢘ࢫࢆศゎࡋ㸦ᅗ 17 ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠊ࢜ࢩࣟࢫࢥ࣮ࣉ࡛ಙྕࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸦ᅗ 18 ࢆཧ↷㸧ࠊ๓ᚋ᪉ྥ࡟ື࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁࡢಙྕࡀฟࡿࡢࡀ
IC ࡢ㸰␒ࣆࣥࠊ㸱␒ࣆࣥࠋᕥྑ᪉ྥ࡟ື࠿ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ಙྕࡀ࡛ࡿࡢࡀࠊIC ࡢ㸲␒ࣆࣥ㸳␒ࣆࣥ࡜ศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࡣࣃࢯࢥࣥ࡟ USB ࡛ࡘ࡞࠸ࡔ≧ែ࡛㸳V ࡢ㟁ᅽࡀࡁ࡚࠸ࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ࣐࢘ࢫ⏝ࡢ㟁※࡜ࡋ࡚㸳V ࢆṇ☜࡟ྲྀࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㸱➃Ꮚࣞࢠ࣮ࣗࣞࢱ࣮ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋ

ᅗ 17 ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆศゎࡋ࡚ࠊಙྕࢆྲྀࡾฟࡍ㓄⥺ࢆࡋࡓᵝᏊᅗ 18 ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ㹶᪉ྥ࡟ື࠿ࡋࡓ᫬࡟ฟ࡚࠸ࡓಙྕࠝཎ⌮࣭ࠞ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢᕤኵ
࣐࢘ࢫ࠿ࡽࡢಙྕࡣࠊ๓ᚋ᪉ྥࡢሙྜ IC ࡢ㸰␒ࣆࣥ࡜㸱␒ࣆࣥࡢࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࡢ㐪࠸࠿ࡽ๓࡟ື࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ᚋࢁ࡟ື
࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡀศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺ࡔࡀࠊ๓࡟ື࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ᚋࢁ࡟ື࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿᪉ྥ࡛ศ࠿ࡿࡣࡎ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࣉࣟ
ࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ⡆༢࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡶࠊ㸰␒ࣆࣥࡔࡅ࡛๓ᚋ᪉ྥࡢ⛣ືࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋྠᵝ࡟ᕥྑ᪉ྥࡶ࡜㸲␒ࣆ࡛ࣥ⛣ືࡋࡓᅇᩘࡢࡳࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ๓ᅇࡢ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࢆ๭ࡾ㎸ࡳฎ⌮࡛࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ྠࡌࣉࣟࢢ࣒࡛ࣛࠊ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ
⛣ືࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
㸦ᅗ 12ࠊᅗ 21ࠊᅗ 22 ࢆཧ↷㸧㹙ᐇ㦂Ϭ㹛 ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドᐇ㦂ࠑ┠ⓗࠒ ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ౑࠸ᗋ࡜ࡢ⛣ືࢆㄪ࡭ࡿ᪉ἲ࡞ࡽࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢࢫࣜࢵࣉࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸽㸦ᅗ 19 ࢆཧ↷㸧
㸦1m 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡿ⢭ᗘࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓ㸧ࠑ᪉ἲࠒ
1. 㹙ᐇ㦂ϩ㹛࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊH8 ࣐࢖ࢥࣥ࡟᭩ࡁ㎸ࡳࠊᐇ⾜ࡉࡏࡓ
2. ఱ cm 㐍ࢇ࡛Ṇࡲࡗࡓ࠿ࠊ ᐃࡋグ㘓ࡋࡓ
3. 2.ࢆ 20 ᅇ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࡓ
4.
ᐃ⤖ᯝࢆᩓᕸᅗ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡓ

ᅗ 19 ࣐࢘ࢫࢆྲྀࡾ௜ࡅ࡚ࠊ100cm ㉮ࡗࡓࡽ೵Ṇࡉࡏࡿᐇ㦂ࡢᵝᏊࠑ⤖ᯝࠒ  㸦ᅗ 20 ࢆཧ↷㸧

ᅗ 20 ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊ100cm ㉮ࡗ࡚೵Ṇࡉࡏࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ⤖ᯝࠑ⪃ᐹࠒ ࡯ࡰ୍ᐃࡢ㊥㞳࡛Ṇࡲࡾࠊㄗᕪࡣࠊs0.5cm ⛬ᗘࡔࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࡣ㏱㐣ᆺ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ
࣮ࡼࡾࡶṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊ∎᳿ᯞࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠾࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡿ㧗ࡉࢆୖࡆࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ
཯ᛂࡋ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛㧗ࡉࢆୖࡆࡽࢀࡿ࠿ヨࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࡣྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡿ㧗ࡉࡀࠊᗋ࠿ࡽ 1~2mm
ࡃࡽ࠸ࡢ㧗ࡉ࡛࡞࠸࡜཯ᛂࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ∎᳿ᯞࡀᗋ࡜ගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࡢ㛫࡟ධࡿࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࡶ☜ಖ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡋ
ࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡢࢫࣜࢵࣉࡢᙳ㡪ࢆ☜࠿ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ㏫ᡭ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࠊ㉮⾜୰࡟ᗋࡋ࠿ぢ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࡼࡾṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࡀࠊࢥ࣮ࢫୖ࡟ࡣ㧗ࡉ 1cm ࡢᅛᐃࡉࢀࡓ㖄➹ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㞀ᐖ≀ࡀ⨨࠿ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࡀᘬࡗ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚ືࡅ࡞
ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࢥ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡣഴᩳ㊰ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊഴᩳ㊰ࡢⓏࡾጞࡵ࡛ືࡅ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶศ࠿
ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᐇ⏝ⓗ࡟ࡣ㏱㐣ᆺࡢ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮ࡀ᭱ࡶṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ

ᅗ 21 ๭ࡾ㎸ࡳࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ 1ᅗ 22 ๭ࡾ㎸ࡳࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ 2

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ࠑ⤖ㄽࠒ
 ࡜࡚ࡶṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺ࡟ྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡿ㧗ࡉࡀపࡍࡂࡿࡓࡵࠊᐇ⏝ⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ➨ᅄ❶ ࡲ࡜ࡵࠑ⤖ㄽࠒ᭱ࡶṇ☜࡟⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆ ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࡣᗋ࡜ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀ㏆ࡃ࡞࠸࡜཯
ᛂࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ࡛ࡇࡰࡇࡋࡓ⿕⅏ᆅ࡛ࡣ౑⏝࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗάື࡟ࡣ୙ྥࡁ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮ࣜ
࢚ࣥࢥ࣮ࢲ࣮࡛ࢱ࢖ࣖࡢᅇ㌿ᩘࢆㄪ࡭࡚ࠊ⛣ື㊥㞳ࢆุ᩿ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣࠊࢱ࢖ࣖࡀࢫࣜࢵࣉࡋࡓሙྜ࡞࡝ࡎࢀࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡀࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ㄗᕪ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛༑ศ࡟ࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗάື࡟฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࠑ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ࠒ ᫖ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢ㏞㊰ࢥ࣮ࢫࢆ㉮⾜ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊⓎ⇕≀యࢆ᥈ࡍࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ࡟ࠊ௒ᚋࡣࠊ௒ᖺ◊✲ࡋࡓ⛣ື㊥㞳ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ
ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚ࠊ㸱㸮㹡㹫㐍ࡴࡈ࡜࡟㸯ࣈࣟࢵࢡ㐍ࢇࡔࡇ࡜ࢆࣟ࣎ࢵࢺ࡟ㄆ㆑ࡉࡏ࡚ࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡀࠊ⌧ᅾ㏞㊰ࡢ࡝ࡢሙᡤ࡟࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ⌮ゎࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㉮⾜ࡉࡏࡓ࠸ࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࢥ࣮ࢫࢆࡍ࡭࡚ࡃࡲ࡞ࡃ㉮ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡾࠊ⿕⅏ᆅ඲యࢆ⿕⅏⪅ࡀ࠸࡞࠸࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㉮ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
ࠑឤ᝿ࠒ ௒ࡲ࡛ࡣไᚚࢆ C ゝㄒࡢࡳ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ௒ᖺࡣ C㸩㸩ゝㄒࢆ⏝࠸࡚◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศ࡜඲ࡃ␗࡞ࡿ㒊ศࡀ࠶ࡾไᚚࡀ㞴ࡋ࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊC㸩㸩ゝㄒࢆᑡࡋᏛ⩦ࡋࡓ஦࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊC ゝㄒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᏛ⩦ࡀ῝ࡵࡽࢀࡓ࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋ௒ᚋࡶไᚚ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚Ꮫࡧࠊ⿕⅏ᆅ࡛ࡶά㌍࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࡢᢏ⾡ࢆ◊✲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

ㅰ㎡࣭ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠑㅰ㎡ࠒࡇࡢ◊✲ࡣࠊ⋢ᕝ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊ࡢỈ㔝ᩍᤵࡢຓゝ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᅔ㞴ࡔࡗࡓ㒊ศࢆඞ᭹ࡋ࡚㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ≉࡟ࠊගᏛ࣐࢘ࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ◊✲ࡣࠊ㓄⥺ࡢ௙᪉࡞࡝」㞧࡛ෆ㒊ᵓ㐀ࡀศ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞㒊ศࢆศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍࡃゎㄝࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊ
◊✲ࡀ㣕㌍ⓗ࡟㐍ࢇࡔࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢ◊✲ࡣࣟ࣎࢝ࢵࣉࢪࣗࢽ࢔኱఍ࡢࣞࢫ࣮࢟ࣗ➇ᢏ࡟ཧຍࡍࡿ࡞࠿࡛࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞◊✲ࡢࣄࣥࢺࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢ኱఍ࡢ㛵ಀ⪅ࡢ᪉ࠎ࡟ࡶឤㅰࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ
ࠑཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠒ
࣭ࣦ࢕ࢫࢺࣥᰴᘧ఍♫. (2009). H8 ࣐࢖ࢥࣥ࡟ࡼࡿ⤌ࡳ㎸ࡳࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛධ㛛. ࣮࣒࢜♫.
࣭ࢺࣛࣥࢪࢫࢱᢏ⾡ SPECIAL ⦅㞟㒊. (2006). ࢭࣥࢧά⏝ࣁࣥࢻࣈࢵࢡ. CQ ฟ∧.
࣭⋢ᕝ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊 Ỉ㔝ᩍᤵ. (2010). http://robot.tamagawa.ac.jp:8080/rescue/index.html.
࣭ᯇཎ ᣅஓ. (2005). PIC-BASIC ά⏝ࣈࢵࢡ. 㟁Ἴ᪂⪺♫.
࣭ᇛ஭⏣ ຾ோ. (2011). C ゝㄒ࡟ࡼࡿ࣐࢖ࢥࣥไᚚࡢ⪃࠼᪉. ࣮࣒࢜♫.

 ឡ▱┴❧୍ᐑ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ  ࢽ࣡ࢺࣜ⬇ࡢⓎ⏕࡟࠾ࡅࡿ༸ࡢ⨨ࡁ᪉࡜㌿༸ࡢ᭷↓ࡢᙳ㡪The Correlation Between Chicken Egg-turning And Position
And Development Of Chicken Eggs 㔝⏣⌮ỤᏊ ྜྷවᙬ஀ ኳ㔝⩫ 㮵ᓥᐇዉᾏ ᐑᮌ㈗Ꮚ
AbstractEgg turning is a natural habit for birds to rotate their eggs. We began to research whether chicken eggs need to beturned during development or not, and what will happen to them if they are not turned.
We prepared many chicken eggs and divided them into four groups. We continued to warm the eggs.
We rotated the eggs in the lying with egg-turning group. We cracked the eggs of each group every day during certain
periods, and measured the embryos within each egg. We plotted the data on a graph, and by using the t-test we
assessed a significant difference.
We can conclude that egg-turning decreases the death-rate and promotes normal development, but it is not always
necessary when the chicken is developing.
せ⣙ ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࠊࢽ࣡ࢺࣜࢆྵࡴከࡃࡢ㫽㢮ࡣࠊ㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿ⩦ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㌿༸࡜ࡣࠊぶ㫽ࡀࡃࡕࡤࡋࡸ⬮ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚༸ࢆ㌿ࡀࡍࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࡑࡢ⩦ᛶ࡟⯆࿡ࢆᣢࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࢽ࣡ࢺࣜ⬇ࡢⓎ⏕࡟㌿༸ࡣᮏᙜ࡟ᚲせ࠿ࠊࡶࡋ㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀ
ࡤ⬇࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࡀฟࡿࡢ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋࢽ࣡ࢺࣜࡢ༸ࢆ⏝ពࡋࠊ㸲ᐇ㦂༊࡟ศࡅࡿࠋ༸ࢆேᕤẼ㇟ჾ࡛ࡵࠊ㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿᐇ㦂༊ࡢ༸ࡣࠊ㸯᪥㸱ᅇࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ྛᐇ㦂༊ࡢ༸ࢆ๭ࡾࠊ⬇ࢆ ᐃ㡯┠ࡈ࡜࡟ ᐃࡋࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࢢࣛࣇ໬ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㹲᳨ᐃࡶ⾜࠸ࠊ᭷ពᕪࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ⤖ᯝࠊ㌿༸ࡣṚஸ⋡ࡀୗࡆࠊ࠿ࡘṇᖖ࡞Ⓨ⏕ࢆಁ㐍ࡍࡿࡀࠊࢺࣜࡢⓎ⏕࡟ᚲࡎࡋࡶᚲせ࡞せ⣲࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ㸿 㸸◊✲┠ⓗ    ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㸦1㸧ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࢺࣜࡢᏤ໬࡟ࡣ㌿༸ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼⚾ࡓࡕ୍ᐑ㧗ᰯ⏕≀㒊ࡣࠊ༸ࡢ⨨ࡁ᪉ࡸ㌿༸ࡢ᭷↓ࡀࠊࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡀᮏᙜ࡞ࡢ࠿࡝࠺࠿⚾ࡓࡕࡣ␲ࢽ࣡ࢺࣜࡢ⬇࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡢ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿᐇ
ၥ࡟ᛮ࠸ࠊ㌿༸ࡀ⬇ࡢⓎ⏕࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࠿
㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ
㌿༸࡜ࡣࠊぶ㫽ࡀࡃࡕࡤࡋࡸ⬮ࢆ౑ࡗ࡚༸ࢆ㌿ࡀࡍࡇ࡜ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡶࡋ㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ⬇ࡢⓎ⏕ࡀṇᖖ࡟㐍ࡲࡎࠊ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࢽ࣡ࢺࣜࢆྵࡴከࡃࡢ㫽㢮࡟ࡳࡽࢀࡿ⩦ᡂ㛗࡟ᕪࡀฟࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜௬ㄝࢆ❧࡚ࡓࠋᛶࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠸࡜ࠊ༸㯤⾲㠃࡟࠶ࡿ⬇ࡀ༸Ẇ⭷࡟ࡃࡗࡘ࠸࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊ༸ࡢ୰ࡢ⬇
㹀㸸◊✲᪉ἲ
ࡀṚࡠ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊேᕤⓗ࡟Ꮴ໬ࡉࡏ
㸦1㸧ᐇ㦂ᡭ㡰ࡿ᫬ࡣࠊேࡢᡭࡸᶵᲔ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㌿༸ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋձ ༸ࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿࠋ༸ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀᶓྥࡁ࡟⨨ࡁ㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿ༸ࠊ㕌➃ࢆୖ࡟ࡋ㸦2㸧ືᶵ࣭┠ⓗ   ࡚࠾ࡃ༸ࠊ㗦➃ࢆୖ࡟ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ༸ࠊᶓྥࡁࡢࡲࡲ⨨࠸࡚ேᕤⓗ࡟༸ࢆᏤࡍ࡜ࡁ࡟ࡣࠊୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡟㌿༸ࡀᚲせ࡜࠾ࡃ༸ࡢ 4 ᐇ㦂༊࡟ศࡅࡓࠋ
ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ᡭ㛫࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋղ ᐇ㦂༊ࡈ࡜࡟༸ࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿࠋ ⚾ࡓࡕ୍ᐑ㧗ᰯࡢ౛ࢆ࠸࠺࡜ࠊẖᖺࠊᤵᴗ࡛ 2 ᪥⬇ࠊ5༸ࡢ⟶⌮ࡣேᕤẼ㇟ჾ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋேᕤẼ㇟ჾෆࢆᖖ᫬
᪥⬇ࠊ8 ᪥⬇ࡢࢽ࣡ࢺࣜ⬇ࡢほᐹࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ㸯38.5Υ࡟ಖࡕࠊᅇࡢほᐹᐇ㦂࡛⣙ 300 ಶࡶࡢ༸ࢆẖ᪥㌿༸ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞
༸ࡢධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࢆᖖ᫬‵ࡽࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟
ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ㈇ᢸ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
⃿ࢀࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸ᕸࢆᩜࡁࠊ◁฼ࢆᩜࡁワࡵ࡚ࠊࡑࡢୖ࡟༸ ࡲࡓࠊ࠶ࡿᏤ໬ሙ࡛ࡣࠊ኱ᆺࡢᏤ༸ჾ࡟ࡓࡲࡈࢆࢭࢵ
ࢆ⨨࠸ࡓࠋ㌿༸ࡣ୍᪥ 3 ᅇࠊᮅ࣭᫨࣭ኤ᪉࡟⾜࠸ࠊ୍ᅇࢺࡋࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡟ࡼࡿ⮬ືไᚚ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ 70 ศ࡟୍ᅇࡢ㌿༸࡛༸ࢆ୍ᅇ㌿༙ࠊ㌿ࡀࡋࡓࠋ㸦4㸧 ᐃ㡯┠ᅗ༸ࡢධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫࡢᶍᘧᅗ

୍᫖ᖺ

᫖ᖺ

௒ᖺ

‫ۑ‬඲㛗 ‫ۑ‬య㔜‫ۑ‬ᡭࡢ㛗ࡉ ‫ۑ‬㊊ࡢ㛗ࡉ‫ۑ‬Ⓨ⏕ࡀ㐍ࡴ㝿ࡢ⬇⭷ࡢ┤ᚄ‫ۑ‬඲㛗 ‫ۑ‬య㔜‫ۑ‬ᡭࡢ㛗ࡉ ‫ۑ‬㊊ࡢ㛗ࡉ‫ࡢ⬗ۑ‬㛗ࡉ ‫ۑ‬㢌ࡢ㛗ࡉ‫ۑ‬඲㛗 ‫ۑ‬య㔜‫ۑ‬ᡭࡢ㛗ࡉ ‫ۑ‬㊊ࡢ㛗ࡉ‫ࡢ⬗ۑ‬㛗ࡉ ‫ۑ‬㢌ࡢ㛗ࡉ෗┿ᐇ㦂࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓேᕤẼ㇟ჾճ ⬇ࡢ ᐃ㸦㸯㸧
1 ᪥࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᐇ㦂༊ࡢ༸ࢆ 3㹼5 ಶࡎࡘ๭ࡗ࡚ࠊ୰ࡢ
⬇ࢆ 6 㡯┠࡟ࢃࡓࡾ ᐃࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ↓⢭༸ࠊࡶࡋࡃࡣ
ᡂ㛗ࡢ㐣⛬࡛᪤࡟Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⬇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣṇᖖ࡞ᖹᆒ್ࡢ⟬ฟࡢጉࡆ࡜࡞ࡿࡓࡵ౑⏝ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋͤձ඲㛗͐⮬↛࡞≧ែ࡛ࡢ⬇ࡢ㛗ࡉࠋ↓⌮࡟ఙࡤࡉ࡞࠸ࠋ ղయ㔜͐⾲㠃ࡢỈศࢆࢁ⣬࡛ྲྀࡾ㝖࠸ࡓ⬇ࡢ㔜ࡉࠋճᡭࡢ㛗ࡉ͐௜ࡅ᰿࠿ࡽඛ➃ࡲ࡛ࠋఙࡤࡋ࡚ ᐃࠋմ㊊ࡢ㛗ࡉ͐௜ࡅ᰿࠿ࡽඛ➃ࡲ࡛ࠋఙࡤࡋ࡚ ᐃࠋյ⬗ࡢ㛗ࡉ͐๓⫥ࡢ௜ࡅ᰿࠿ࡽᚋ⫥ࡢ௜ࡅ᰿ࡲ࡛ࠋ
ն㢌ࡢ㛗ࡉ͐㢌ࡢ୍␒㧗࠸࡜ࡇࢁ࠿ࡽཱྀࡤࡋࡢඛ➃ࡲ࡛ࠋմ ⬇ࡢ ᐃ㸦㸰㸧ᡂ㛗ࡢ㐣⛬࡛᪤࡟Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⬇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࠾࠾ࡼࡑ
ఱ᪥┠࡛Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚グ㘓ࡋࡓࠋյ ⬇ࡢ ᐃ㸦㸱㸧㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡜୰ࡢ⬇ࡀࠊ༸Ẇ⭷࡟ࡃࡗࡘࡁṚஸࡍࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊṚஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⬇ࡀ༸Ẇ⭷࡟ࡃࡗࡘ࠸
࡚࠸ࡓ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶグ㘓ࡋࡓࠋնࢢࣛࣇ໬ࡍࡿࠋ
ᐃࡋࡓ㡯┠ࡢᶆ‽೫ᕪࢆ᪥ࡈ࡜࡟⟬ฟࡋࠊࢢࣛࣇ࡟ࡋ
ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ᭷ពᕪࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡑࡢ
᪥ࡢ㐪࠺᮲௳ࡢ༸ྠኈ࡛ t ᳨ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࡼࡾṇ☜࡟ ᐃࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅྠࡌேࡀ
ྠࡌ㡯┠ࢆᢸᙜࡋࠊ ᐃࡢ㝿ࡢಶேᕪࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺
࡟ࡋࡓࠋ㹁㸸ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝ
㸦1㸧୍᫖ᖺࡢ⤖ᯝͤմ࣭յ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ௒ᖺࡢࡳᐇ᪋
㸦2㸧ᐇ㦂࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓ༸ࡢᩘ
୍᫖ᖺ

᫖ᖺ

௒ᖺ

200 ಶ

150 ಶ

300 ಶ

୍᫖ᖺ

᫖ᖺ

௒ᖺ

2 ᪥⬇㹼10 ᪥⬇

9 ᪥⬇㹼15 ᪥⬇

12 ᪥⬇㹼19 ᪥⬇

㸦3㸧ᐇ㦂ᑐ㇟

ͤᐇ㦂ᑐ㇟ࡀᖺᗘࡈ࡜࡟㔜」ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⟠ᡤࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࡣࠊ
๓ࡢᖺࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ෌☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵࠋ

ͤ10 ᪥⬇ࡣࢧࣥࣉࣝ୙༑ศ࡟ࡼࡾࢢࣛࣇ໬ࡏࡎࠋ
㌿༸ࢆࡋࡓ༸ࡢ᪉ࡀࠊ㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸༸ࡼࡾࠊ⾑⟶ࡀከࡃࠊ⾑⟶ࡢⰍࡀ⃰ࡃࠊ⬇ࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽࡶ
㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡀ᭱ࡶ㡰ㄪ࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ
࠿ࡿࠋࡲࡓṚஸ⋡ࡣࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡀ᭱ࡶప࠿ࡗ
ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㌿༸ࡢ᭷↓ࠊ༸ࡢ⨨ࡁ᪉࡟ࡼࡿࠊ ᐃࡋࡓ㡯┠㛫ࡢ㢧ⴭ࡞ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋᕪࡀฟࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࡇࢀࢆᐇ㦂ࡢኻᩋ࡜⪃࠼ࠊࡶ࠺୍ᗘྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ 4᪥┠࠿ࡽ 8 ᪥┠ࡢ⬇࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡓࡀࠊ⤖ᯝࡣ๓ᅇ࡜ྠ
ࡌ࡛ᕪࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࠓ ᪥⬇ࠔЌ㌿༸ࢆࡋࡓᐇ㦂༊ ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡢ᪉ࡀ
⾑⟶ࡀኴࡃࠊ㔞ࡶከ࠸ࠋ
Ўᶓྥࡁ࡟⨨࠸ࡓᐇ㦂༊

㸦2㸧᫖ᖺࡢ⤖ᯝ          ࢢࣛࣇ                                                                                                                       ͤ᫖ᖺࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ↓⢭༸ࡢᩘࡀከࡃࠊࡲࡓṚஸ⋡ࡀ඲యⓗ࡟㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࢧࣥࣉࣝࡀ༑ศ࡟ྲྀࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋ
ࡲࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ㗦➃ࢆୖྥࡁ࡟⨨ࡃᐇ㦂༊࡛ࡣ 14 ᪥⬇ࡣࢧࣥࣉࣝ 2 ಶࡢᖹᆒࠊ15 ᪥⬇ࡣࢹ࣮ࢱ࡞ࡋࠊ㕌➃ࢆୖྥࡁ࡟⨨ࡃᐇ㦂༊࡛ࡣ 15 ᪥⬇ࡣࢧࣥࣉࣝ 2 ಶࡢᖹᆒࠊ
㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿᐇ㦂༊࡛ࡣ15᪥⬇ࡣࢧࣥࣉࣝ1ಶࡢᩘ್࡜࡞
ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋಙ㢗࡛ࡁࡿᩘ್࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊཧ⪃࡜ࡋ࡚グ㍕ࡋࡓࠋ෗┿ ወᙧղ 㕌➃ࡀୖࡢ  ᪥⬇ ᅛᐃᚋ ࢢࣛࣇࢆぢ࡚ศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ୍᫖ᖺ࡟ᘬࡁ⥆ࡁ 10 ᪥⬇ࡲ࡛ࡣ㌿༸ࡸ༸ࡢ⨨ࡁ᪉࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ุ᩿ࡋࡓࠋࡉ
ࡽ࡟ࠊ11 ᪥⬇ࠊ12 ᪥⬇ࡶᙳ㡪ࡀ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ13 ᪥⬇࠿ࡽࡣ௒ࡲ࡛ぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᙳ㡪ࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ≉࡟య㔜࡜㊊ࡢ㛗ࡉࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊ
᭷ព࡞ᕪࡇࡑ࡞࠸ࡀࠊࡑࢀࡲ࡛࡯ࡰྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡑࢀࡒ
ࢀࡢ༸ࡢ ᐃ㡯┠ࡢᖹᆒࡢ್ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᡂ㛗࡟ᕪࡀ⌧ࢀࡓࠋ෗┿  ㌿༸ࢆࡋࡓ  ᪥⬇ ᕥ 


㌿༸
ᶓ
㗦➃
㕌➃

Ṛஸ⋡
㸣
㸣
㸣
㸣

ወᙧ
ᡂ㛗ࡢ㐜ࢀࡓ
㸦ಶయ㸧 ⬇㸦ಶయ㸧









㗦➃ࡀୖࡢ  ᪥⬇㸦ྑ㸧(ᅛᐃᚋ)

㸦3㸧௒ᖺࡢ⤖ᯝࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࡢࡇࢁ࠿ࡽࠊ㡰ㄪ࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ⬇
࡟ΰࡌࡗ࡚ࠊఱࡽ࠿ࡢཎᅉ࡟ࡼࡾወᙧࡸᡂ㛗ࡢⴭࡋࡃ㐜ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⬇ࡀฟ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋᡂ㛗ࡢⴭࡋࡃ㐜ࢀࡓ⬇ࡣᶓྥࡁࡀ 2 ಶయࠊ㕌➃ୖ࡜㗦➃ୖࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀ 1ಶయࡢィ 4 ಶయ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡑࢀࡽࡢ⬇ࡣࠊ13 ᪥⬇ࠊ14 ᪥⬇࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ኱ࡁࡉ
ࡣୗࡢ⬇ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᑠࡉ࡞ࡶࡢࡔࡗࡓࠋ ወᙧࡣ㕌➃ୖࡀ 3 ಶయࠊ㗦➃ୖ࡜ᶓྥࡁࡀ 1 ಶయࡎࡘ
ィ 5 ಶయ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ┠ࡀ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࠊෆ⮚ࡀࡴࡁฟࡋ࡟࡞ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࠊ㢌㒊ࡢ㦵ࡀ࡞ࡃ⬻ࡀࡴࡁฟࡋ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡶࡢࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋ ወᙧձ 㕌➃ࡀୖࡢ  ᪥⬇㸦ᅛᐃᚋ㸧ࡲࡓࠊ௒ᖺࡣ㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡜⬇ࡀ༸Ẇ⭷࡟௜╔ࡋ࡚Ṛஸࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᐃㄝࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᡂ㛗ࡢ㐣⛬࡛᪤࡟Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⬇ࡢ࠺ࡕ⭷࡟௜╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡶࡢࢆグ㘓ࡋࡓࠋ


㌿༸
ᶓ
㗦➃
㕌➃

Ṛஸ⋡
㸦㸣㸧
㸣
㸣
㸣
㸣

⬇ࡀ⭷࡟௜╔
㸦㸣㸧





⤖ᯝࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡣ 30㸣㹼60㸣ࡢ⬇ࡀ⭷࡟௜╔ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊࡟ࡣ⬇ࡢ௜╔ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡉࡽ࡟Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⬇ࡀ࠾࠾ࡼࡑఱ᪥⬇࡛Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶグ㘓ࡋࡓࠋወᙧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣุ᩿ࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵᩘ್࡟ࡣຍ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࠊձࡢࢢࣛࣇࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋձ

ͤ19 ᪥⬇ࡢᡭࡢ㛗ࡉ㸦mm㸧ࡣࠊ ᐃ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ
ࢢࣛࣇ໬ࡏࡎࠋ

ୗࡢࢢࣛࣇ.ࡣࠊ༢⣧࡟ᡂ㛗ࡢ㐣⛬࡛᪤࡟Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⬇
ࡢಶᩘࡢ⛣ࡾኚࢃࡾࢆࢢࣛࣇ໬ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡟ࡣ㌿༸௨እࡢእⓗせᅉ࡛Ṛஸࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀྵࡲࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ⬇ࢆ㝖ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⬇ࡣṇᖖ࡟ᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊ࢆᇶ‽࡟ࡋ࡚ࢢࣛࣇࢆ෌ᵓᡂࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀղࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢢࣛࣇࢆぢ࡚ศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⬇࡜⾜ࡗࡓ⬇
࡟ᕪࡣぢࡽࢀࡿࡶࡢࡢࠊ᭷ពᕪࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࢃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡢṚஸ⋡ࡀ௚ࡢᐇ㦂༊࡜ẚ࡭࡚᫂ࡽ࠿
࡟ప࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ୍᫖ᖺࠊ᫖ᖺ࡟ᘬࡁ⥆ࡁࠊ㌿༸ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡀ᭱ࡶ㡰ㄪ࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊయ㔜㸦㹥㸧ࠊ㢌㸦㹫㹫㸧ࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡛ࡣᶓ࡟⨨࠸ࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡀ᭱⤊᪥࡟㏫㌿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᶓ⨨ࡁࡢᐇ㦂༊࡟୍ࡘࡔࡅ௚ࡢ⬇
࡜ẚ࡭࡚࠿࡞ࡾ኱ࡁࡃᡂ㛗ࡋࡓ⬇ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿ
ࡶࡢࡔ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ⬇㸦௨ୗ㆑ู␒ྕࡼࡾ No.11 ࡜ࡍࡿ㸧ࡣ⾲ࢆぢ࡚ศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ
᫂ࡽ࠿࡟௚ࡢ⬇ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋ๭༸᫬࡟ኌࢆୖࡆ࡚㬆࠸࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᡂ㛗ࡢࢫࣆ࣮ࢻࡀ㏿࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡔ࡜᥎
ࡉࢀࡿࠋ



య㔜

㢌ࡢ㛗ࡉ

㸦㹥㸧

㸦㹫㹫㸧 㸦㹡㹫㸧 㸦㹡㹫㸧 㸦㹫㹫㸧

1R ᖹᆒ 




඲㛗




⬗




ղ

㊊






ࢢࣛࣇղࢆぢ࡚ศ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊⓎ⏕๓ᮇ࡟Ṛஸ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸≧ែࡀ⥆ࡁࠊⓎ⏕୰ᮇ࡟୍᪦Ṛஸ⋡ࡀୗࡀࡿࡀࠊᚋᮇ࡟
෌ࡧṚஸ⋡ࡀቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㗦➃ୖࡢᐇ㦂༊࡜ᶓ⨨ࡁࡢᐇ㦂༊
ࡢྛ 1 ࢣ࣮ࢫࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ༸ࡀṚஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶
ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ༸࡟ࡣ࢝ࣅࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࡝ࡢ⬇
ࡶ࡯ࡰྠ᫬ᮇ࡟Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢࢣ࣮ࢫࡢ
༸ࡀṚஸࡋࡓཎᅉࡣ༸ࡢ⨨ࡁ᪉ࡸ㌿༸ࡢ᭷↓ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ࢝ࣅࡀཎᅉ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⚾ࡓࡕࡣ⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࢢࣛࣇղ࠿ࡽ࢝ࣅࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ༸ࢆ㝖࠸࡚෌ᵓᡂࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀࢢࣛࣇճ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㹃㸸⤖ㄽ ㌿༸ࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶᚲせ࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚኱ࡁࡃṇᖖ࡞⬇ࡢⓎ⏕ࢆಁ㐍ࡋࠊወᙧ࡜
࡞ࡿ☜⋡ࢆୗࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ⮬↛⏺࡟࠾࠸࡚㌿༸ࡣࠊ⬇ࡢṚஸ⋡࣭ወᙧ⋡ࢆୗࡆࡿࡇ࡜࡛☜ᐇ࡟ᏊᏞࢆṧࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㌿༸ࢆࡋࡓᐇ㦂༊࡜ࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓᐇ㦂༊࡟㢧ⴭ࡞ᕪࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡟ࡶ
㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ㔝⏕ࡢ㫽㢮ࡀ㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ㌿༸࡟ࡣ༸Ẇ⭷࡟⬇ࡀࡃࡗࡘ࠿࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ാࡁࡔ
ࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ༸ࢆᆒ୍࡟ ࡵࡓࡾࠊ‵ᗘࢆ୍ᐃ࡟ಖࡘ࡜࠸
࠺ᙺ๭ࡶ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㌿༸ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࡢࡣࠊ⬇ࡀᡂ㛗ࡋࠊ㔜ຊࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿᚋᮇ࡛
࠶ࡿ࡜⤖ㄽ௜ࡅࡿࠋճ㹄㸸ㅰ㎡ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉ ⏕࿨⌮Ꮫᑓᨷ ᙧែⓎ⏕Ꮫ ຓᩍ  㕥ᮌ Ꮥᖾඛ⏕㹅㸸ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
ࡓࡲࡈ㛵㐃ࡢ᪋タぢᏛ
http://homepage3.nifty.com/takakis2/kengaku.htm
࢖ࢭࣇ࢓࣮࣒㑣㡲Ꮴ໬ሙ
http://homepage3.nifty.com/takakis2/isefarm01.htm
ቑ⿵ᅄゞ∧ ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣅ࣮ࣗ ⏕≀⥲ྜ㈨ᩱ㸦ᐇᩍฟ∧ᰴᘧ఍♫㸧ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊⓎ⏕๓ᮇ࡟Ṛஸ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸≧ែࡀ⥆ࡁࠊⓎ⏕୰ᮇ࡟୍᪦Ṛஸ⋡ࡀୗࡀࡿࡀࠊᚋᮇ࡟෌ࡧṚஸ⋡ࡀቑຍࡍࡿ
࡜࠸࠺⤖ᯝࡣኚࢃࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ㹂㸸⪃ᐹ㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡞࠸ᐇ㦂༊ࡢṚஸ⋡ࡣࠊ㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿᐇ㦂༊࡟ẚ࡭㧗ࡃࠊ⏕Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ⬇࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ඲యⓗ࡟ᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿ
ഴྥࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡞࠸ᐇ㦂༊ࡢ⬇ࡣࠊወᙧࡸᡂ㛗ࡢ㐜ࢀࡓಶయࠊ
༸Ẇ⭷࡟௜╔ࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛Ṛஸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿಶయࡶከ࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊ
㌿༸ࢆࡋࡓᐇ㦂༊ࡢ⬇࡟ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ಶయࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㌿༸ࢆࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡛ᚲࡎࡋࡶṚஸࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ኱ࡁࡃṇᖖ࡞⬇ࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿ࡟ࡣ㌿༸ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀຠᯝⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㌿༸ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿᮇ㛫ࡣࠊⓎ⏕๓ᮇ࡜ᚋᮇ࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⌮⏤࡜ࡋ࡚๓ᮇࡣ⬇ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡸ⣽⬊ࡢᩘࡶᑡ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡀ୙Ᏻᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᚋᮇࡣ⬇
ࡢᡂ㛗࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㔜ຊࡢᙳ㡪ࡀࡼࡾ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ༸Ẇ⭷࡟⬇ࡀࡼࡾࡃࡗࡘࡁࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ



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 ឡ▱┴❧᫬⩦㤋㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㐍໬ࡍࡿࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ'HYHORSLQJQLWURFHOOXORVHཬ㒊 ዉ⥴Ꮚ ኱Ụ ⨾⥴ 㔝ᮧ ᑗ▮
Abstract
Nitrocellulose is a kind of nitric ester. In our past research, we found it expresses flame reaction. However, ittakes time to dry it because we have nitrocellulose soaked in water solution to attach metallic ion to it. We try
to find a way to shorten that time. As a result of our experiments, we conclude that the best way is usingorganic solvent as metallic ion’s solvent.
せ⣙ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡜ࡣࠊࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫෆࡢࣄࢻࣟ࢟ࢩᇶ㸦2+㸧ࢆࢽࢺ࢚ࣟࢫࢸࣝ໬㸦212 ࡟ኚ໬㸧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦ᅗ  ཧ↷㸧ࠋ╔ⅆࡍࡿ࡜⃭ࡋࡃ୍▐࡛⇞↝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ≉ᚩ࡛㸦ᅗ  ཧ↷㸧ࠊᮏᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊࡛ࡣࠊࢽࢺ
㸰㸧ࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ 㸦ᅗ  ཧ↷㸧ࠋࡇࡢ⯆࿡῝࠸⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ௜ࡁࢽࢺࣟࢭࣝࣟ
࣮ࢫࢆࠊᮏᰯࡀẖᖺ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ୰Ꮫ⏕⛉Ꮫᐇ㦂ㅮᗙ࡛ࠊᐇ㝿࡟సࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ࠾࠺࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ௜╔ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥỈ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ஝⇱᫬㛫ࡀ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓ
ࡵࠊ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ௜╔ࡉࡏࡓᚋࡢ஝⇱᫬㛫ࡢ▷⦰ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ࠊ⁐፹ࡢ᳨ウࡸ௜╔ࡉࡏࡿ᪉ἲࡢᨵⰋࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞
࠸ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ▷᫬㛫࡛⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ௜ࡁࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡀసᡂ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
㸯㸬◊✲┠ⓗࡇࡢᐇ㦂ࡣࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡢ᪂ᇛᮾ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ࡢ◊✲㸯㸧࡜㐣ཤࡢᮏᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ࡢ◊✲㸰㸧ࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᪂ᇛᮾ㧗ᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ࡣ⃰◪㓟࡜⃰◲㓟ࡢẚ⋡࡜ࠊΰ㓟࡟ᾐࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ᫬㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࡋࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢽࢺ࢚ࣟࢫࢸࣝ໬ࡢᗘྜࢆ㉁㔞ቑຍุ࡛᩿
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⃰◪㓟࡜⃰◲㓟ࡢẚ⋡ࡀ ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ᭱ࡶࢽࢺ࢚ࣟࢫࢸࣝ໬ࡉࢀࠊΰ㓟࡟ᾐࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ᫬㛫ࡣ  ศ࡛඘ศ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ
ࡓ㸯㸧ࠋᮏᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ࡀࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆసࡿ㝿࡟ࡣࠊࡇࡢㄽᩥࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ࡢ◊✲ࡣࠊ⬺⬡⥥௨እࡢࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ
ྵࡴ≀㉁࡛ࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿࡟ࡘ࠸
࡚ᐇ㦂ࡋࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࢸ࢕ࢵࢩ࣮ࣗ࣌ࣃ࣮ࡸࢁ⣬࡛ࡶࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸰㸧㸱㸧ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭࣝ
࣮ࣟࢫࢆ⏝࠸࡚⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡢ◊✲ࢆࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㖡ࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘ࣂࣜ
࣒࢘ࡢሷ໬≀ࢆ௜╔ࡉࡏࡓࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡛ࡣ⅖
Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓ㸰㸧㸱㸧ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡢࡓࡵ
࡟㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥỈ⁐ᾮ࡟ࡘࡅࡿ࡜஝⇱᫬㛫ࡀ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ
ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ௒ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆࡘࡅࡿࡓࡵ
ࡢ⃰ᗘࡢ᳨ド࡜ࠊ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ௜╔ࡉࡏࡓࢽࢺࣟࢭ
࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ࠸࠿࡟㏿ࡃ஝⇱ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࠊࡇࡢ  Ⅼ࡟⤠ࡗ࡚◊✲ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᮏᰯ୺ദࡢ୰Ꮫ
⏕⛉Ꮫᐇ㦂ㅮᗙ࡛ࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ௜ࡁࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ
ࢆ⡆༢࡟ࡑࡋ࡚⥡㯇࡟సࡾ࠶ࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࠋ

ࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ

+12㸩+62ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫᅗ  ࢽࢺ࢚ࣟࢫࢸࣝ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᅗ  ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢ⇞࠼᪉

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㸱㸬ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝᐇ㦂 1 㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡍ᫬㛫ࢆኚ࠼ࡿ᫖ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮ࡟ 15 ศ㛫ᾐࡋ࡚⤠ࡾࠊ஝⇱ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ
௒ᖺᗘࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ 10 ศ㛫ᾐࡋ࡚⤠ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࠊᾐ
ࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࡍࡄ࡟ྲྀࡾฟࡋ࡚⤠ࡗࡓࡶࡢࢆࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ
஝⇱ࡉࡏ࡚⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡢ☜ㄆࡀฟ᮶ࡿ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ⁐ᾮࡣ᫖ᖺᗘࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡶࡗ࡜ࡶⰋࡃ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀぢࡽࢀࡓሷ໬㖡㸦ϩ㸧Ỉ⁐ᾮ 0.30mol/L ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⾲ 2 ᐇ㦂 1 ࡢ⤖ᯝ

ᾐࡍ᫬㛫
ࡍࡄ
10 ศ

⇞࠼᪉
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⅖ࡢⰍ
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‫ۑ‬

⤖ᯝ㸸10 ศᾐࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜ᾐࡋ࡚࠿ࡽࡍࡄ࡟ྲྀࡾฟࡋ
࡚⤠ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡶࠊྠᵝ࡟⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ⪃ᐹ㸸㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࡣࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢ⾲㠃ࡔࡅ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊᾐࡍ᫬㛫ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ᚲせ࡞࠸ࠋ

ᅗ  ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ௜ࡁࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢ⇞↝ࡢᵝᏊ㸦ୖࡀ㖡ࠊୗࡀࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘㸧㸰㸬ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ
୍⯡ⓗ࡞ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢసࡾ᪉
ձ⃰◪㓟࡜⃰◲㓟ࢆࡼࡃΰࡐࠊΰ㓟ࢆࡘࡃࡿ
㸬㸬㸬ղձࡢΰ㓟࡟ࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆධࢀࠊࡋࡤࡽࡃ࠾ࡶࡋࢆ
ࡍࡿճ࡛ࡁࡓࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆྲྀࡾฟࡋ࡚ࠊỈ࡛ΰ㓟ࢆ༑ศ࡟Ὑ࠸ὶࡋࠊỈศࢆࢁ⣬࡛྾࠸ྲྀࡗ࡚࠿ࡽ ᪥஝⇱ࡉࡏࡿ
௒ᅇ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓᐇ㦂ࡣ᩿ࡾࡢ࡞࠸㝈ࡾࡍ࡭࡚ࠊࢭ
࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢヨᩱࢆ J ࡜ࡋࡓࠋࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡟ࡣ⬺⬡⥥ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ᪂ᇛᮾ㧗ᰯࡢㄽᩥ㸯㸧࠿ࡽࠊΰ㓟࡟ᾐࡍ᫬㛫ࢆ  ศ࡜ࡋࠊΰ㓟ࡢẚ⋡ࡣ⃰◪㓟㸸⃰◲㓟㸻
P/㸸P/ ࡛࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

ᐇ㦂 2 ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡋࡓᚋ࡛⤠ࡽ࡞࠸ ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡋࡓᚋ࡟⤠ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ⤠ࡽ࡞࠸᪉ࡀࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡟㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࡀࡼࡾ௜╔ࡋ࡚ࠊࡉࡽ࡟⥡㯇࡟⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡋ࡚ࠊࡍࡄ࡟ྲྀࡾฟࡋ࡚࠿ࡽᡭ࡛⤠ࡾ஝⇱ࡉࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࠊ⤠ࡽࡎࡑࡢࡲࡲ஝⇱ࡉࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ⇞↝㏿ᗘ࡜⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡢⰍࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊሷ໬㖡㸦ϩ㸧ሷ໬ࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘ሷ໬ࣂ࣒ࣜ࢘ࡢ 3✀㢮ࡢヨ⸆ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ⃰ᗘࡣ 0.30mol/L ࡟⤫୍ࡋࡓࠋ⾲ 3 ᐇ㦂 2 ࡢ⤖ᯝ

⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ♧ࡍࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢ〇సࡣࢽࢺࣟ
ࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ Jࠊ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥỈ⁐ᾮ P/ ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣఱᗘ࠿࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ
࡜ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡤࡽࡘ
ࡁࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
⇞࠼᪉ࡸ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡢⰍࡣࡍ࡭࡚┠どุ࡛᩿ࡋࠊ⾲
1 ࡢᇶ‽࡛‫ࠋࡓࡋ⾲࡛ڹۑ۔‬⁐ᾮ
&X&O
6U&O
%D&O

⇞࠼᪉⅖ࡢⰍ
⤠ࡿ ⤠ࡽ࡞࠸ ⤠ࡿ ⤠ࡽ࡞࠸
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⤖ᯝ㸸⤠ࡗࡓࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢ᪉ࡶࠊࡑࡢࡲࡲ࡟
ࡋ࡚࠾࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ⪃ᐹ㸸ᐇ㦂 1 ࡜ྠᵝ࡟㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࡀࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟ
ࢫࡢ⾲㠃࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ஝⇱᫬㛫ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜⤠ࡗࡓ᪉ࡀⰋ࠸ࠋᐇ㦂 3 㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮࡢ⃰ᗘࢆኚ࠼ࡿ 㐣ཤࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡟㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ
௜╔ࡉࡏࡿ࡜ࠊ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࡀ㑧㨱ࢆࡋ࡚⇞↝㏿ᗘࡀ㐜ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᐇ㦂 3 ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛౑⏝ࡋ࡚
࠸ࡓ 0.30mol/L ࡼࡾࡶ⃰ᗘࡢⷧ࠸ࡶࡢࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ⇞↝㏿ᗘࡀ㏿ࡃ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ

⾲ 1 ุᐃ⾲⇞࠼᪉‫۔‬㸸୍▐࡛⇞↝㸦◪໬⥥⛬ᗘ㸧‫ۑ‬㸸⇞↝㏿ᗘࡢୖ᪼ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ‫ڹ‬㸸⇞↝ࡍࡿ㸦⬺⬡⥥⛬ᗘ㸧㸸⇞࠼࡟ࡃ࠸㸦⇞࠼ṧࡿ㸧
⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ
‫۔‬㸸⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀ⥡㯇࡟ぢ࠼ࡿ‫ۑ‬㸸⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀ┠࡛ぢ࡚ࢃ࠿ࡿ‫ڹ‬㸸ࢃࡎ࠿࡟⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ
㸸⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠸⾲ 4-1 ᐇ㦂 3 ࡢ⇞࠼᪉ࡢ⤖ᯝ⤖ᯝ⇞࠼᪉⃰ᗘ mol/L
0.3 0.1 0.05 0.03

⁐ᾮ

&X&O
%D&O
6U&O

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ぢࡽࢀࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡣሷ໬㖡(ϩ)ሷ
໬ࢫࢺࣟࣥࢳ࣒࢘ሷ໬ࣂ࣒ࣜ࢘࡟ຍ࠼ࠊ₻ゎᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵỈ࡛ࡣᐇ㦂ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓሷ໬ࣜࢳ࣒࡛࢘ࡶ
࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࡣ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ࡜࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࢆ
౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋ

0.01

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‫ۑ‬
‫ۑ‬

⾲ 5-1 ᐇ㦂 5 ࡢ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⇞࠼᪉ࡢ⤖ᯝ⤖ᯝ⇞࠼᪉⃰ᗘ mol/L

⾲ 4-2 ᐇ㦂 3 ࡢ⅖ࡢⰍࡢ⤖ᯝ

⅖ࡢⰍ

⤖ᯝ
⁐ᾮ

⃰ᗘ mol/L

&X&O
%D&O
6U&O

⁐㉁

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⾲ 5-2 ᐇ㦂 5 ࡢ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⅖ࡢⰍࡢ⤖ᯝ⤖ᯝ
⅖ࡢⰍ⤖ᯝ㸸⃰ᗘࢆⷧࡃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⇞↝㏿ᗘࡣ㏿ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡣ⥡㯇࡟ぢ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
⪃ᐹ㸸⌧ᅾࡢ࡜ࡇࢁࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡟௜╔ࡉࡏࡿ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮࡢ⃰ᗘࡣࠊ0.10mol/L ࡀጇᙜ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

⁐㉁ᐇ㦂 4 ᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿ ᐇ㦂 2 ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ୍ᗘ஝⇱ࡉࡏࡓࢽࢺࣟࢭࣝࣟ
࣮ࢫࢆ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ࡟ᾐࡍࡢ࡛ࠊ஧㔜࡟஝⇱᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᐇ㦂 4 ࡛ࡣỈࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛஝⇱᫬㛫ࢆ▷⦰࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮ࡟ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆᾐࡋ࡚ࠊࡍࡄ
࡟ྲྀࡾฟࡋ஝⇱ࡉࡏ࡚ࠊ㉁㔞ࡢῶᑡ㏿ᗘࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
ࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ⁐፹࡜ࡋ࡚Ỉ࡜࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮
ࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⁐㉁ࡣሷ໬㖡㸦ϩ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⃰ᗘ mol/L

&X&O
%D&O
6U&O
/L&O

0.3

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0.05

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⾲ 5-3 ᐇ㦂 5 ࡢ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⇞࠼᪉ࡢ⤖ᯝ⤖ᯝ⁐ᾮ⃰ᗘ mol/L

&X&O
%D&O
6U&O
/L&O

(%)

⇞࠼᪉

0.3

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⾲ 5-4 ᐇ㦂 5 ࡢ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⅖ࡢⰍࡢ⤖ᯝ⤖ᯝ⅖ࡢⰍ
⃰ᗘ mol/L⁐ᾮ(ศ)ᅗ 4 ᐇ㦂 4 ࡢ⤖ᯝ⤖ᯝ㸸᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࡢ᪉ࡀỈࡼࡾࡶ஝⇱᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ⪃ᐹ㸸᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜஝⇱᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊ
⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ௜ࡁࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ▷᫬㛫࡟సࡿ࡟ࡣࠊ᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ࠸࠸ࠋ
ᐇ㦂 5 㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟⁐࠿ࡍ ᐇ㦂 4 ࡛ࠊ᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜஝⇱᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ⁐࠿ࡋࠊࡑࡢ⁐ᾮࡢ୰࡟ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆධࢀࠊ
ࡍࡄ࡟ྲྀࡾฟࡋ࡚⤠ࡾࠊ஝⇱ࡉࡏࡓᚋ࡟⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀ



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%D&O
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/L&O

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⤖ᯝ㸸ሷ໬㖡㸦ϩ㸧࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣࠊࡍ
࡭࡚⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ௚ࡢ
㔠ᒓ࡛ࡣ౑⏝ࡍࡿ⁐፹࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⇞࠼᪉ࡸⰍࡢ
ᕪࡣ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
⪃ᐹ㸸㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࡣ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟⁐ࡅ࡚ࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚஝⇱᫬㛫ࡣ▷ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ▷᫬㛫࡛ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡟⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆࡘࡅࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ௒ࡲ࡛₻ゎᛶࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ᐇ
㦂࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓヨ⸆࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ᭷ᶵ⁐፹ࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ


⾲ 6-3 ᐇ㦂 6 ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⇞࠼᪉ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊሷ໬ࣜࢳ࣒࢘ࡢ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡣ㉥Ⰽࡔࡀࠊ◪໬⥥ࡢ㯤Ⰽࡢ⅖ࡢⰍ࡜ΰࡊࡾ࢜ࣞࣥࢪⰍ࡟
ぢ࠼ࡓࠋࡇࡢᐇ㦂୰࡟ࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆ
ㄗࡗ࡚㛗᫬㛫᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟ᾐࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࡜ࡁ
࡟ࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡀ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟⁐ࡅ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⁐ࡅ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟ
ࢫࡣⅆ࡟㏆࡙ࡅ࡚ࡶ⇞࠼ࡎࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

⤖ᯝ
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
ᐇ㦂 6 㟝྿ࡁࢆ౑ࡗ࡚㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ௜ࡅࡿ ᐇ㦂 5 ࡢ㏵୰࡛ࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡀ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟⁐ࡅ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡀ⁐ࡅࡎࠊࡋ
࠿ࡶ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ᪉ἲࢆ᥈ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛⚾ࡓࡕࡣ㟝྿ࡁࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜ᑡ࡞࠸㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮ࡛ࠊ࠺ࡲࡃࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ࡟㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࢆ௜╔ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ஝⇱᫬㛫ࡢ▷⦰ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿
࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ⁐㉁࡜ࡋ࡚ሷ໬㖡㸦ϩ㸧ࠊ⁐፹࡜ࡋ࡚࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ࡜࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂᪉ἲࡣࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆᗈࡆ࡚㟝྿ࡁ࡛⾲㠃ࠊ⿬㠃࡟᣺ࡾ࠿ࡅࡓࠋ྿ࡁ࠿ࡅࡿᅇᩘࡣ⾲⿬ྛ 1 ᅇ2 ᅇ3ᅇ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ1 ᅇ࡛ฟࡿ⁐ᾮࡢ㔞ࡣ⣙ 0.28mL ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ 0 ศ㸦྿ࡁ࠿ࡅࡓᚋࡍࡄ㸧ࠊ5 ศ10 ศ15 ศ㛫஝⇱ࡉࡏࡓᚋ࡟ࠊ⇞࠼᪉࡜⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡢⰍࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ⃰ᗘࡣ 0.10mol/L ࡟ࡋࡓࠋ

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㸴㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩㸯 ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ 㧗ᩥ㐃⮬↛⛉Ꮫᑓ㛛㒊◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍᪂ᇛᮾ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ㄽᩥࠕࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡢ
ྜᡂ࡜ᛂ⏝ࠖ㸰 ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ 㧗ᩥ㐃⮬↛⛉Ꮫᑓ㛛㒊◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍᫬⩦㤋㧗➼Ꮫᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ㄽᩥࠕ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞◪໬⥥ࠖ㸱 ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ 㧗ᩥ㐃⮬↛⛉Ꮫᑓ㛛㒊◊✲Ⓨ⾲఍᫬⩦㤋㧗➼Ꮫᰯ໬Ꮫ㒊ㄽᩥࠕ㐍໬ࡍࡿࢽࢺࣟࢭࣝ
࣮ࣟࢫࠖ


⅖ࡢⰍ
0ศ

10 ศ

⪃ᐹ㸸௒ࡲ࡛ࡼࡾຠ⋡Ⰻࡃ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ♧ࡍࢽࢺࣟࢭ
࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋ஝⇱᫬㛫ࡣ 15 ศ⛬ᗘ࡛ࡼ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡇࡢ⃰ᗘ࡛ࡣ㟝྿ࡁ࡛᭱ప⾲⿬ྛ 2 ᅇ྿ ࡁ࠿ ࡅࡿᚲせ ࡀ࠶ ࡿࠋ⃰ ᗘࢆ
0.30mol/L ࡟ࡋ࡚ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ᐇ㦂ࡋࡓ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ
⾲⿬ྛ 1 ᅇ࡛ࡶ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ㸳㸬⤖ㄽ ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡜㟝྿ࡁࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ▷᫬㛫࡛
⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ௜ࡁࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ᮶ᖺᗘࡢ୰Ꮫ⏕⛉Ꮫᐇ㦂ㅮᗙ࡛ࠊ୰
Ꮫ⏕࡟⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂ௜ࡁࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࢆసࡗ࡚ࡶࡽ
࠾࠺࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㟝྿ࡁࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣሷ໬㖡㸦ϩ㸧௨እࡢヨ⸆࡛ࡶࠊ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࢆ♧ࡍࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫ
ࢆࡘࡃࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࠿ㄪ࡭࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

⾲ 6-2 ᐇ㦂㸴࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⅖ࡢⰍࡢ⤖ᯝ⤖ᯝ5ศ⤖ᯝ㸸㟝྿ࡁࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࡯࠺ࡀ⇞࠼᪉ࡣ࡜࡚ࡶ㏿ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊࢽࢺࣟࢭ࣮ࣝࣟࢫࡀ᭷ᶵ⁐፹࡟⁐ࡅ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ⁐ᾮࢆ࠿ࡅࡿᅇᩘࡀ⾲⿬ྛ
1 ᅇࡢ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ⇞࠼᪉ࡣ࡜࡚ࡶⰋ࠿ࡗࡓࡀ⅖Ⰽ཯ᛂࡀࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

⇞࠼᪉
0ศ

0ศ

⤖ᯝ

⾲ 6-1 ᐇ㦂 6 ࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⇞࠼᪉ࡢ⤖ᯝ
஝⇱᫬㛫

⇞࠼᪉

⾲ 6-4  ᐇ㦂 6 ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ⅖ࡢⰍ

ᅗ 5 ᐇ㦂 6 ࡢᐇ㦂⿦⨨

⤖ᯝ

஝⇱᫬㛫





2318 㟼ᒸ┴❧☬⏣༡㧗➼Ꮫᰯ⤖ࡧ┠࡟ᑐࡍࡿゎᯒⓗ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ
An analytical approach to knots
኱ᮌᆂభ ℈୰ඞᕭᯇᾆᫀᾏ ྜྷ⏣㆑ே ᮧ⏣୍┿Keisuke Oki࣭Katsumi Hamanaka
Masami Matsuura࣭Norito Yoshida࣭Kazuma Murata
 We have decided to examine everyday phenomena on mathematic grounds.
Then we assumed that it would be easy to express a knot of strings by function, and undertook theresearch. First, we represent a knot of strings by function. Next, we simplify it and find out the law.
Finally, we discover the conditions of making a knot.
 Keywords: Knot, figure-eight knot, half-knot, taylor expansion, Maclaurin’s expansioni㸯㸬ືᶵ࣭┠ⓗ  ࣜࢧ࣮ࢪࣗ᭤⥺㸦ᅗ㸯㸧ࡢ୍⯡ᘧ 㸯㸬ືᶵ

 x=cos(at) ࢃࡓࡋࡓࡕࡣࠊ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞஦㇟࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊఱ࠿

y=sin(bt+ț)ᩘᏛⓗぢᆅ࠿ࡽ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑ ࢆኚᙧࡋࠊ

ࡇ࡛ࡦࡶࡢ⤖ࡧ┠ࢆ㛵ᩘ࡛⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸

 x=sin3t

࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ࠊ◊✲࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋ

y=sin5tz=sin7t 㸦ᅗ㸰㸧㸰㸬┠ⓗ ࡜࠸࠺ᘧࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ࡧ┠ࡣࠊձࡦࡶࡢ⤖ࡧ┠ࢆ㛵ᩘ࡛⾲ࡍ

8 ࡢᏐ⤖ࡧ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿࠋ

ղ㛵ᩘࢆ⡆␎໬ࡍࡿ
ճྛࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿつ๎ᛶࢆぢฟࡍմ㛵ᩘࡀ⤖ࡧ┠࡜࡞ࡿ᮲௳ࢆ᥈ࡋฟࡍi㸰㸬᪉ἲ 㛵ᩘࢯࣇࢺ Mathematica ࢆ౑࠸ࠊ᪤ᡂࡢ㛵ᩘ㸦ࣜࢧ࣮ࢪࣗ᭤⥺ࠊ࣐ࣜࢯࣥ᭤⥺ࠊetc…㸧ࢆ x,y,z࡛፹௓ኚᩘ⾲♧࡟ࡋࠊ⤖ࡧ┠ࢆ㛵ᩘ࡛⾲ࡍࠋ᪤ᡂࡢ㛵ᩘࡀ୕ゅ㛵ᩘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ
ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆ࣐ࢡ࣮ࣟࣜࣥᒎ㛤ࢆࡋ࡚㏆ఝࡋࠊᩚ㛵ᩘ࡟┤ࡍࠋࡑࢀࢆᩘᏛⓗ࡟ゎᯒࡋࠊࡼࡾࡁ
ࢀ࠸࡛⡆␎໬ࡋࡓ⤖ࡧ┠࡟┤ࡍࠋࡑࡢ㐣⛬࡛ྛࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿつ๎ᛶࢆぢฟࡋࠊ⤖ࡧ┠඲య࡟࠾ࡅࡿつ๎ᛶࢆ᥈ࡍࠋi㸱㸬⤖ᯝ 㸯㸬ࣜࢧ࣮ࢪࣗ᭤⥺࠿ࡽࡢኚᙧ

㸦ᅗ㸱㸧 ࣐ࣜࢯࣥ᭤⥺ࢆ࣐ࢡ࣮ࣟࣜࣥᒎ㛤࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㏆ఝࡍࡿࠋ࣐ࢡࣟ
࣮ࣜࣥᒎ㛤ࡢ୍⯡ᘧࡣࠊ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࣐ࣜࢯࣥ᭤⥺ࢆ㏆ఝࡋࠊ࡜࠸࠺ᘧ㸦ᅗ㸲㸧ࢆసࡗࡓࠋ

ᅗ㸯 ࣜࢧ࣮ࢪࣗ᭤⥺㸦a=2, b=3,0ӌxӌ2ȧ㸧ᅗ㸰 8 ࡢᏐ⤖ࡧ㸦x=sin3t, y=sin5t, z=sin7t㸧

㸦ᅗ㸲㸧



ࡇࢀ࡟ z ㍈ࢆᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࠋ㸰㸬࣐ࣜࢯࣥ᭤⥺࠿ࡽࡢኚᙧ

z=sin6t ࣐ࣜࢯࣥ᭤⥺㸦ᅗ㸱㸧ࡢ୍⯡ᘧ

ࢆ㏆ఝࡋࠊ

x=acos t+bcost
2

y=acostsint+bcost



࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
❧య࡛ࡢ୍㔜⤖ࡧࢆసᡂࠋ(ᅗ㸳) 㸦ᅗ㸴㸧
 ࡁࢀ࠸࡞୍㔜⤖ࡧࡀ᏶ᡂࡋࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ㸳㸧ᅗ㸳ࡢ㛵ᩘ࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡔ↓㥏࡞ືࡁࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ 㸱㸬ࢢࣛࣇࡢศᯒ

㏆ఝࡋࡓᘧ࠿ࡽඖࡢᘧࢆࡦࡃࡇ࡜࡛ࠊz ㍈᪉ྥࡢ  ᏶ᡂࡋࡓ⤖ࡧ┠ࡢࢢࣛࣇࢆࠊx,y,z ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᘧ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ศᯒࠊ⡆␎໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋྛࣃࣛ

వศ࡞ືࡁࢆᾘࡍࠋ

࣓࣮ࢱࡢᘧࢆ t ࡢ᪉⛬ᘧ࡜ࡳ࡚ࠊࡑࡢゎ࠿ࡽ
324t 5 1944t 7 972t 9 17496t11 52488t 13 314928t 15z 6t  36t 





5
35
35
1925
25025
8758751719
21
23708588t
1417176t
4251528t
76527504t
114791256t 25





14889875 282907625 9901766875 2505147019375 62628675484375
76527504t 27
688747536t 294132485216t 31

814172781296875 165277074603265625 25617946563506171875
1549681956t 33
27894275208t 35
281797412198567890625 167669460258147894921875
27894275208t 37
167365651248t 39
6203770029551472112109375 1532331197299213611691015625
t3
  t  sin 6t5ᴫᙧࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ಀᩘࢆタᐃࡋࠊࡼࡾ

3ඖࡢࢢࣛࣇ࡜ఝࡓᘧࢆసᡂࡍࡿࠋЍ        ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ࡛ࡁࡓ㛵ᩘࡢᘧࡣࠊ
19t 2 61t 4 229t 6 901t 8 3589t 1014341t 12





2
24
720 40320 362880 479001600
25t 3 17t 5 65t 7 257t 9205t 11y 10t 
6
24 1008 72576 1596672
324t 5 1944t 7 972t 9 17496t11 52488t 13 314928t 15z 6t  36t 3 





5
35
35
1925
25025
8758751719
21
23708588t
1417176t
4251528t
76527504t
114791256t 25





14889875 282907625 9901766875 2505147019375 62628675484375
76527504t 27
688747536t 294132485216t 31

814172781296875 165277074603265625 25617946563506171875
1549681956t 33
27894275208t 35
281797412198567890625 167669460258147894921875
27894275208t 37
167365651248t 39
6203770029551472112109375 1532331197299213611691015625
t3
  t  sin 6t
5
x 12   Ѝ
324t 5 1944t 7 972t 9 17496t11 52488t 13 314928t 15





5
35
35
1925
25025
875875708588t 17 1417176t 19 4251528t 2176527504t 23
114791256t 25





14889875 282907625 9901766875 2505147019375 62628675484375
76527504t 27
688747536t 294132485216t 31

814172781296875 165277074603265625 25617946563506171875
1549681956t 33
27894275208t 35
281797412198567890625 167669460258147894921875
27894275208t 37
167365651248t 39
6203770029551472112109375 1532331197299213611691015625
t3
  t  sin 6t
5z

6t  36t 3 

 Ѝ

࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
㸦ᅗ㸴㸧



ᩚ㛵ᩘ࡟ࡼࡿ୍㔜⤖ࡧࡢᘧࡀ᏶ᡂࡋࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ㸵㸧  㸦ᅗ㸵㸧i㸲㸬⪃ᐹ ୍㔜⤖ࡧࡣࠊx,y,z ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᘧ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸱ḟ,㸲ḟ,㸳ḟ㛵ᩘࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛
ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㸶ࡢᏐ⤖ࡧࡶ⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ
⤖ࡧ┠ࡣ඲࡚ከ㡯ᘧ࡛⾲ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

i㸳㸬௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ୍㔜⤖ࡧࠊ㸶ࡢᏐ⤖ࡧ௨እࡢ௚ࡢ⤖ࡧ┠ࢆከ㡯ᘧ࡛⾲ࡍࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⤖ࡧ┠࡟୍⯡ᛶࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࠋ

i㸴㸬ㅰ㎡
 ࡈᣦᑟ࣭㈨ᩱᥦ౪࡞࡝༠ຊࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡗࡓ బ㔝ṇ⿱ඛ⏕ ࡟ឤㅰࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ

i㸵㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ 㧗➼Ꮫᰯ ᩘᏛ C ᨵゞ∧㸦ၨᯘ㤋㸧
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lissajous_knot
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tmj1949/44/1/44_1_11/_articleྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ୰㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡍࡈ࠸ศᩘ
AmazingFractionsἈ  Ὀ⿱బ἞ ฑᕹ኱๓ ‪ஓ⚄⏣ ⾜ᏹᘵᏊ୸ ㈗ஓᐑ⏣ ⳀⰋ
Abstract
ଵ

଼

଼

ଶ

ଵ

଼

ଵ଼

ଶ

We all know that ସ ൈ ହ ൌ ଶ଴ ൌ ହdoing our usual rule for fractions. But if a new rule following likeସ ൈ ହ ൌ ସହ ൌ ହwe
ଶ

௕

ௗ

ଵ଴௕ାௗ

still get ହ . In this paper we showed that there 95 pairs of numberssatisfyingthe above equation ௔ ൈ ௖ ൌ ଵ଴௔ା௖ .
Among these,10 pairs are in lowest terms.
せ⣙
ଵ ଼

ଵ

଼

ଵ଼

㸰

ସ ହ

ସ

ହ

ସହ

㸳

ศᩘࡢ⤌ࠊ ǡ ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚✚ ൈ ࡢィ⟬ࢆࠊᙉᘬ࡟ ࡜ࡋ࡚ィ⟬ࡋࡓࡽࠊ⤖ᯝࡀ ࡜࡞ࡾ✚ࡢ್࡜୍⮴ࡋࡓࠋ௚࡟ࡶࠊ ࡘࡢศᩘࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠾ࡶࡋࢁ࠸ศᩘࡢ⤌ࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚  ࢣࢱࡢ⮬↛ᩘ DEFG ࡟࠾࠸࡚

௕
௔

ௗ

ଵ଴௕ାௗ

௖

ଵ଴௔ା௖

ൈ ൌ

ࢆ‶

ࡓࡍศᩘࡢ⤌ࡣ඲㒊࡛  ㏻ࡾ㸦ࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ᪤⣙ࡣ  ㏻ࡾ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ϩ◊✲ᡂᯝ

ᛶ㉁ࡢド᫂Ϩࡣࡌࡵ࡟
ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࠊ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚࠶ࡾᚓࡿ⤌ࡣࠊ ≉Ṧ࡞᮲௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍศᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋ඲  ㏻ࡾᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋ
⪃ᐹᑐ㇟ࡢཎ㢟ࡣࠊᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ᪥ᮏᩘᏛࢥࣥࢡ
㸦Ș㸧ࢆኚᙧࡋ࡚ࠊ௨ୗࡢ㸰ᘧࢆᚓࡿࠋ
̿ࣝࡢၥ㢟 㹙ࡍࡈ࠸⣙ศ㸽㹛࡟‽ᣐࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
௨ୗ࡟ࡑࡢෆᐜཬࡧ⪃ᐹᑐ㇟࡬⮳ࡿ㎾ࢆグࡍࠋ㸦㸯㸧 ሺͳͲ ൅ ሻ ൌ  ሺͳͲ ൅ ሻཎ㢟㸦㸰㸧 ሺͳͲ െ ሻ ൌ  ሺͳͲ െ ሻࡇࢀࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊձ㹼նࡢド᫂ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ㹍ἑྩࡣィ⟬ࡀᚓព࡛ࡍࠋ㹗ᮏඛ⏕ࡢ௒᪥ࡢㄢ㢟ձ 㸧 ࡘࡢศᩘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ
ସ଼ସࢆ⣙ศࡋ࡞ࡉ࠸࡛ࠖࡍࠋ㹍ἑྩࡣࠊ ࡛ࡣࠕ଼ସ଻ϸ㸧୍᪉ࡣ┿ศᩘࠊ௚᪉ࡣ௬ศᩘ Ϲ㸧ඹ࡟ ゎㄝ㸸 ࡘࡢศᩘࡢࠊ ࡜ࡢ኱ᑠ㛵ಀࢆ♧ࡍ஦࡛ࠊସ ଼ସସൌ  ࡜⟅࠼ࡲࡋ⣙ศࡋ࡚ࠊ࠶ࡗ࡜࠸࠺㛫࡟଼ସ ଻଻㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆ⤠ࡿࠋド᫂ 㸦㸯㸧ࢆኚᙧࡍࡿ࡜ ሺ െ ሻ ൌ ͳͲሺ െ ሻࡓ㸦ᐇ㝿࡟  ࡀ᭱኱බ⣙ᩘ࡛ࡍ㸧ࠋ㹗ᮏඛ⏕ࡣࠕࡑୖࡢᘧࡢᣓᘼෆ㒊ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࢀࡣ࠾ࡶࡋࢁ࠸࡛ࡍࡡࠋ࡯࠿࡟ࡶࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᩘࢆ
᥈ࡋ࡚ࡳࡲࡋࡻ࠺ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚ࠊḟࡢၥ㢟ࢆฟࡋࡲ ൐ ܾ ՞ ܿ ൏ ݀ ൌ  ՞ ൌ   ൏ ܾ ՞ ܿ ൐ ݀ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊド᫂ࡍ࡭ࡁ㢟ࢆࡋࡓࠋ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟௚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸦ド᫂⤊㸧㸦㸧 ࢣࢱࡢᩚᩘ㸦ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ$ ࡀ  ࢣࢱࡢᩘࡢ
ձࡼࡾࠊ ㏻ࡾЍ ㏻ࡾ࡟⤠ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ௔஺௔࡜ࡁ㸧࡛㸦 㸧 ൌ ࢆࡳࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆࡍ࡭࡚ồࡵ஺௕௕ղ㸧 ് ǡ ്  ՜  ് ǡ  ് ࡞ࡉ࠸ࠋゎㄝ㸸ࡇࢀࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ௨ୗࡢ౛ࢆᣲࡆ
⪃ᐹᑐ㇟࡬ࡢⓎᒎଷ ଼଻ ଶࡿࠋ ǡ ǡ  ձࡢࠊ๓⪅ࢆ‶ࡓࡍ࡜ࡁࡢᩘࡢ➼ྕ଻ ହଶ ଻
࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ㸦㸧ࡢゎ⟅㸦ᚋ㏙ࡍࡿࠋ㸧ᚋࠊ㸦 㸧ᡂ❧ࢆ㝈ᐃࡋࠊ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆ⤠ࡿࠋࡢ➼ᘧࢆኚᙧࡋ࡚ࠊ ࡘࡢศᩘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ✚ཬࡧド᫂ 㸦Ș㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ ൌ ࡜௬ᐃࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㸦 㸧ࡢᕥ㎶࡜ྠࡌᙧ࡟ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀ➼ࡋ࠸ࡶࡢࡢ
᭷↓ࡢ㆟㢟࡟Ⓨᒎࡋࠊ ࡘࡢ౛ࢆᑟࡁฟࡋࡓࠋ௨
ͳͳܾ
ܾ ܾ
ൈ ൌ
՞ ሺͳͲܽ ൅ ܿሻ ൌ ͳͳ ܽ ܿ ͳͲܽ ൅ ܿଵ଼ଵ଼ଶୗ࡟ࠊࡑࡢ౛ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ൈ ൌ ቀൌ ቁࡇࡢ౛ࢆ୍ସହସହହୖࡢᘧ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊE ࡣ  ࡛๭ࡾษࢀ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ
DF ࡣ  ࡛๭ࡾษࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ ൌ ࠊ௨ୖࡼ
⯡໬ࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ௒ᅇࡢㄪᰝᑐ㇟ࡓࡿၥࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ၥ㸸 ࢣࢱࡢ⮬↛ᩘ DEFG ࡟࠾࠸࡚
௕మ௕ࡾ᮲௳ᘧ࡟௦ධࡍࡿ࡜ మ ൌ ՞  ൌ ሺǡ  ൒ ͳሻ
௔
௔
௕
ௗ
ଵ଴௕ାௗ
ࢆ‶ࡓࡍศᩘ㸦ཪࡣ㸦Ș㸧 ൈ ൌ௔௖ଵ଴௔ା௖࡜࡞ࡾࠊ௬ᐃ࡟཯ࡍࡿࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊD㸻F ࠿ࡽࡶྠᵝ㸦DEFG㸧㸧ࡢ⤌ࡣ࠸ࡃࡘᏑᅾࡍࡿ࠿ࠋ
ࡢ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋ       㸦ド᫂⤊㸧ղ࡟ࡼࡾࠊD㸻EF㸻G ࡞ࡿࡶࡢࡣࠊ࠸࠿࡞ࡿ⤌࡛ࡶᡂ❧㸦 ㏻ࡾ㸧ࡋࠊ ㏻ࡾЍ ㏻ࡾ࡟ࠊ᭦࡟ࠊD㸼EF㸺G ࡜௬ᐃࡍࡿ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ ㏻ࡾЍ ㏻ࡾ࡟⤠ࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ହ

ճ㸧E㸺F ゎㄝ㸸ࡇࢀࢆ‶ࡓࡍ౛ࡣࠊ

଼

ǡ

ଽଵ
଺଻

ࡣմ࡛㝖እࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࡣ㸦Ϩ㸧ࢆ‶ࡓࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ㸦Ϩ㸧ࢆኚᙧࡋ࡚ͻ ൏ ܽሺͳͲܾ െ ܿሻ ՞  ሺͻሻ ൏ ܽ݀ሺͳͲܾ െ ܿሻ՞  ሺͻሻ ൏ ܾܿሺͳͲ െ ሻ ሺሺʹሻሻ ՞  ൐ ݀ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋ㸦ド᫂⤊㸧յ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ ㏻ࡾЍ ㏻ࡾ࡟⤠ࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

଻

ǡ 
ସ

DEFG ࡢ኱ᑠ㛵ಀ࡜ࡋ࡚࠶ࡾᚓࡿࡶࡢࢆ㝈ᐃࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆ⤠ࡿࠋド ᫂  ᮲ ௳ ࢆ ‶ ࡓ ࡍ ௵ ព ࡢ DFG ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚
௖

ଵ଴

ଽ

ଽ

ቀܽ ൅ ቁ ቀ݀ െܿቁ ൐ Ͳ ൐ െ՞ ͻ ൐ ܿሺͳͲܽ െ ݀ሻ ՞ ሺͻሻ ൐ ܾܿሺͳͲܽ െ ݀ሻ՞ ሺͻሻ ൐ ܽ݀ሺͳͲ െ ሻሺሺʹሻሻ ՞  ൏ ܿࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋ           㸦ド᫂⤊㸧ղճ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ ㏻ࡾЍ ㏻ࡾ࡟⤠ࢀࡓࠋ

ଵ଴௔ା௖

ௗ ଽ

଺

ହ

௖

ସ

଻

ܾ ݀ ͳͲܾ െ ܾܿ ܿ ͳͲܾ ൅ ݀ൌ ൈ൫ሺͳሻ൯ ൌ ൈሺሺʹሻሻܽ ܿ ͳͲܽ െ ݀ܽ ݀ ͳͲܽ ൅ ܿ՞մ㸧 ൌ  ՞ 㹙ࡍࡈ࠸⣙ศ㸽㹛ゎㄝ㸸D㸻G ࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࡢ≉Ṧᛶࢆㄽࡎࡿ஦࡛ࠊ
㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆ⤠ࡿࠋ
ଵ଴௕ା௔

ଽ

௖

௬ศᩘࡢ್ࡢୖ㝈ࢆᐃࡵࡿ஦࡛ࠊ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆ⤠ࡿࠋド᫂ 㸦㸧㸦㸧ࢆኚᙧࡍࡿ࡜ଵ଴ ଶܿ ሺܿ ൏ ݀ ൑ ͻሻ଼ଵド᫂ ᮲௳ࡼࡾࠊ௨ୗࡢᘧࡀᑟ࠿ࢀࡿࠋௗն㸧 ൏ ゎㄝ㸸ࡇࢀࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊቀ ቁ ǡ ݀ଶ ͳͲܽ െ ݀ ͳͲܾ ൅ ݀ ͻͲ െ ݀ ͳͲ ൅ ݀ൌൈ൑ൈሺሺܽǡ ܾሻܿ ଶ ͳͲܽ ൅ ܿ ͳͲܾ െ ܿ ͻͲ ൅ ܿ ͳͲ െ ܿൌ ሺͻǡͳሻሻ՞ ݀ ଶ ሺͻͲ ൅ ܿሻሺͳͲ െ ܿሻ ൑ ܿ ଶ ሺͻͲ െ ݀ሻ՞ Ͷͷ݀ ଶ െ Ͷܿ݀ ଶ ൑ Ͷͷܿ ଶ ൅ Ͷ݀ܿ ଶ ՞ Ͷ  ൒ Ͷͷሺ െ ሻࡇࡇ࡛ࠊG㸻NF ࡜࠾ࡃ࡜

௕

ൌ 
௖

ࡇࢀࡣࠊࠕࡍࡈ࠸⣙ศࠖࡢࠊศᏊࠊศẕࡀඹ࡟ ସହሺ௞ିଵሻସହǡ  ൒ ሺ݇ െ ͳሻG ࡢ࡜ࡾᚓࡿ್ࡢୗ㝈ࢆ൒ସ௞ସ᱆ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟௚࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋୖࡢᘧࢆኚᙧࡋ࡚
ሺͳͲ ൅ ሻ ൌ ሺͳͲ ൅ ሻ ՞ ͻ ൌ ሺͳͲ െ ሻସହௗଽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿ࡜ ሺ݇ െ ͳሻ ൑ ͻ ՞  ൌ ݇ ൑ ସ௖ହୖࡢᘧ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ୧㎶ࡀ  ࡢಸᩘࠊճࡼࡾࠊD㸻ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ➨  ẁ㝵ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ᭦࡟ࠊN ࡟ࡼࡿࠊ
 ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࠿࡛ࠊ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍ DEF ࡢ⤌ࡣሺͻǡͳǡͷሻǡ ሺͻǡͶǡͺሻǡ ሺ͸ǡͳǡͶሻǡ ሺ͸ǡʹǡͷሻࡢ  ㏻ࡾࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ   F ࡢ࡜ࡾᚓࡿ᭱ᑠ್ࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿ࡜       㸦ド᫂⤊㸧
Ͷͷሺ݇ െ ͳሻͶͷ൏൑  ൅ ͳሺ ൌ ͳǡʹǡ͵ǡͶሻ ՞Ͷ݇Ͷͷെ Ͷ‫݌‬
մ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡇࢀཬࡧ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆ㝖እࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ ㏻ࡾЍ ㏻ࡾ࡟⤠ࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ Ͷͷ൏݇൑Ͷͳ െ Ͷ‫݌‬յ㸧ࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊF ࡢ࡜ࡾᚓࡿ್ࡢ⠊ᅖእ࡛࠶ࡿࠊ ൏ ܿ ൏ ܽ ൏ ࡛݀ࠊ᮲௳ࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࡣᏑᅾࡏࡎ
ゎㄝ㸸ࡇࢀࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊଷ ǡ ହ ଼ ǡ ସௗ

DEFG ࡢ኱ᑠ㛵ಀࢆ᭦࡟㝈ᐃࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࢆ⤠ࡿࠋド᫂ ୙➼ᘧ Ϩ FG ࡢ➼ྕᡂ❧᮲௳ࡣࠊ FG 㸻  ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ
㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡶࡢࡣࠊմ࡛㝖እࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

ଵ

௔

ଵ଴

ଽ

ଽ

ቀ ൅ ቁ ቀ െ
െ

ଵ଴
଼ଵ

ቁ ൏ െ

ଵ଴
଼ଵ

଻ଷ

ହ

௖

ଵ

ଵ଴

ଽ

ଽ

ܽଶ ՞ ቀ ൅ ቁ ቀ െ

ቁ൏

ଵ ଶ

ଵ ହ

ଶ ଻

ଽ ଷ

ଽ ଽ

ଽ ଽ

PQ ࡢ⤌ࡣሺ ൌ ͻሻ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ ሺ ൌ
ͳ ͹

ͳ ͵

ͳ ͷ

ͳ ͹

ͺ ͺ

ͺ Ͷ

ͺ ͺ

Ͷ ͺ

ͳ ͷ

ʹ ͸

͹ ͹

͹ ͹

͹ ͹

ଵ

ହ

ଵହ

ଶ

ସ

ଶସ

㸦᪤⣙㸧 ൈ ൌͺሻ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ ሺ ൌ
ͳ ͸

ௗ

଼

௖

ହ

ࢀࡓࠋ㸦ド᫂⤊㸧ն࡟ࡼࡾࠊ ㏻ࡾЍ ㏻ࡾ࡟⤠ࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ
࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓᛶ㉁ࢆᇶ࡟ࠊ௨ୗࡢ㹙ࡍࡈ࠸ศᩘࡀ
ᚓࡽࢀࡿࠋ㸦ͤࢆ㝖ࡁࠊศᏊࠊศẕࡢ཯㌿ྍሺǡ ǡ ሻ ՞ ሺǡ ሻ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊD ࡀ࠶ࡿ್ࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ
ଽ ଽ

ଶ ଷ ସ

୙㐺ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ ൑ ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ➨  ẁ㝵ࡀ♧ࡉሺܾ ൌ ݉ܽǡ ܿ ൌ ݊ܽሻࢆ‶ࡓࡉ࡞࠸ࠊ

ଵ ଻

ଷ ହ ଻

ൌ ǡ ǡ ࡢᙧࢆ㝖እࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉ࠊଵଽ͹ሻ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ ǡ ቀ ǡ ቁ

଺
ହ

ͳ ͷ
ͳ ʹ
ͳ ͷ
ͳ Ͷ
ሺ ൌ ͸ሻ ൬ ǡ ൰ ǡ ൬ ǡ ൰ ǡ ൬ ǡ ൰ ሺܽ ൌ ͷሻ ൬ ǡ ൰
͸ ͸
͸ ͵
͵ ͸
ͷ ͷ

ଽ

ଵଽ

ହ

ଽହ

ൈ ൌ
ൌ

ଶ଺
଺ହ

ଵ

଼

ଵ଼

ସ

ହ

ସହ

ǡ ൈ ൌ

ଵ

ସ

ଵସ

଺

ଷ

଺ଷ

ǡ ൈ ൌ



ସ

ଽ

ସଽ

ଵ

଺

ଵ଺

ଽ

଼

ଽ଼

଺

ସ

଺ସ

௔

௖

ଵ଴௔ା௖

௔

௖

ଵ଴௔ା௖

ǡ ൈ ൌ 㸦᪤⣙࡛࡞࠸㸧 ൈ ൌǡ ͤ ൈ ൌ

ǡ

ଶ
଺

ൈ

ǡ

ᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ㹙ࡍࡈ࠸ศᩘ㹛ࡣࠊ඲  ㏻ࡾ㸦࠺ࡕ᪤⣙ࡣ  ㏻ࡾ㸧Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࠋ

࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣ඲࡚㢟ពࢆ‶ࡓࡉ࡞࠸࠶ࡿ࠸

 ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ┿ṇ⢓⳦㺀ࣔࢪ࣍ࢥࣜࠖࡢ⾜ື࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪃ᐹ
Research about behavior of Physarum Polycephalum஑㔛 ⥤⳯ ᯘ 㤶 ᶓᆅ ✨ ሯཎ ୍㣁
Abstract
We are researching of behavior of physarum Polycephalum. Focusing on that they can make the mostefficient routes among meals, we are looking for the rules of their behavior. For the purpose, we
researched of research their reaction for some kinds of stimulations like light or some molecules.
せ⣙ ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊࣔࢪ࣍ࢥࣜ㸦┿ṇ⢓⳦ࡢ୍✀㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚◊✲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉࡟ࠊࣔࢪ࣍ࢥࣜࡀ」ᩘࡢ㣵ࡢ㛫ࢆຠ⋡ⓗ࡟⤖ࡪࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟╔┠ࡋ࡚ࠊ⾜ືࡢ୰ࡢつ๎ࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛◊✲ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡲࡎࠊගࡸ໬Ꮫ≀㉁࡞࡝ࡢ่⃭࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㉮ᛶࡢ᭷↓ࠊṇ㈇ࢆㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ

ЍH2O ࡀኚᙧయࡢእ࡟ᛴ⃭࡟ὶࢀฟࡍ㝿࡟ࠊࡑ1,ᗎㄽࡢᅽຊ࡟⪏࠼ࡁࢀࡎࠊኚᙧయࡀ◚⿣ࡋࡓࠋ ࣔࢪ࣍ࢥࣜࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞⏕ែࡸࡑࢀࡽࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓ㒔 άືࡀ෌㛤ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ↓࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ᕷࡢ஺㏻⥙ᵓ⠏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚↔Ⅼࢆ⤠ࡾㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡎࠊ⢓⳦ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚㏞㊰ࡢධࡾཱྀ࡜ฟཱྀ࡟㣵ϩ,㔜ຊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉮ᛶࢆ⨨ࡃ࡜⢓⳦ࡣධཱྀ࡜ฟཱྀࢆ᭱▷࣮ࣝࢺ࡛⤖ࡪࡇ࡜ 」ᩘࡢࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ࡟సࡗࡓᇵᆅࢆࠊ࢖࣮ࣥ࢟ࣗ࣋ࢱ
ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ᪂㒔ᕷࡢ஺㏻⥙タ⨨ࡢ㝿ࡢ࣮ࣝࢺෆ࡛ᆶ┤࡟❧࡚࡚ࠊ⾜ື࡟ኚ໬ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆほᐹࠋࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟౑࠾࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࡢࡀࠊ஺㏻⥙Ѝୖ࡟ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࠊ
ୗ࡟ᗈࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ
ᵓ⠏ࡢ⌮ᛕ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡣࡑࡢ㝿࡟ά⏝࡛ࡁࡿ㉮ᛶ୧᪉ࡀ࠶ࡾ᫂☜࡞㉮ᛶࡣ↓࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊάື
ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ᛮࡗࡓࠋ
ࢆṆࡵ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡶࡢࡶ࠸ࡓࠋ
2,ᐇ㦂
3,⪃ᐹ
௨ୖࡼࡾ Na2CO3 ࡢ⤖ᬗࡣ⢓⳦࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭷ᐖ࡞≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿࡀ⢓⳦ࡣࡑࢀࢆ㜼Ṇ෇ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㑊ࡅάືࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋຠ⋡ⓗ࡞࣮ࣝࢺࢆ
᥈ࡍ㝿ࡇࢀࢆ⏝࠸࡚㑊ࡅࡓ࠸ሙᡤࢆ෌⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛
ࡼࡾṇ☜࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㞟ࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊᇵᆅࢆᆶ┤࡟❧࡚࡚ࡶ⾜ື࡟ኚ໬ࡣ↓࠿ࡗࡓࠋᅗ 1           ᅗ㸰Ca2CO3 ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇ㦂 㔜ຊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇ㦂4,௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟㔜ຊ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⾜ືࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ᭦࡟⣽࠿࠸ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࡟
ࢃࡅ࡚ࠊ╔┠ࡍࡿⅬࡈ࡜࡟ᨵࡵ࡚ㄪᰝࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞
ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋỈᖹ࡟⨨࠸ࡓᇵᆅ࡟㧗࠸ሙᡤࢆసࡗࡓࡽ⾜ື࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ໙㓄࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⟶ෆ㒊ࡢཎᙧ㉁ὶ
ືࡢ㏿ᗘࡸ᪉ྥ࡟ኚ໬ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡓ࠸ࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂࡛⏕ࡌࡓࠊάືࢆṆࡵ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ
ࡓࡶࡢ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᇵᆅࢆᛴ࡟ᆶ┤࡟ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟࠶
ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ௚ࡢせᅉ࡟ࡼࡾࡑ࠺࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࠿ࢆุ᩿ࡋ࡞
ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ๓⪅࡞ࡽࡤࠊ㔜ຊࡢ㈇Ⲵࡀ┤᥋ࡢཎᅉ࡞ࡢ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࠊᚋ⪅࡞ࡽࡤࠊࡑࡢせᅉࡣఱ࡞ࡢ
࠿ࢆㄪᰝࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡶᨵࡵ࡚ぢ┤ࡋ࡚ṇ☜࡞ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡙ࡃࡾࢆࡋ࡚
࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ ࡲࡓᇵᆅ࡟ࠊᒣࢆぢ❧࡚ࡓ㧗࠸ሙᡤࢆసࡾࠊ⟶ࢆఙࡤࡋ࡚సࡿ㊥㞳࡜ᆏࢆୖࡿࡇ࡜࡛ཷࡅࡿ㈇Ⲵࡢ㛵ಀࠊ⾜ືࡶㄪᰝࡋ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋNa2CO3 ࡢ⤖ᬗࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᵝࠎ࡞⎔ቃࢆ෌⌧ࡋࡓᇵᆅ࡛ࡢᙼࡽࡢ⾜ື࡟㛵ࡍࡿṇ☜࡛⢭ᐦ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ

Ϩ,໬Ꮫ≀㉁࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㉮ᛶ ձ㓟࡟ࡼࡿ⾜ື
CH3COOH Ỉ⁐ᾮࢆ⢓⳦ཬࡧ㣵࡟ࡑࢀࡒࢀู
ࡢࢩ࣮ࣕࣞୖ࡛⁲ୗࡋࡓࠋЍࡑࢀࡒࢀ⳦᰾࡟࡞ࡗ࡚άືࢆ೵Ṇࡋࡓࠋ άືࡀ෌㛤ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ↓࠿ࡗࡓࠋղሷᇶ࡟ࡼࡿ⾜ື㸦ᅗ 1㸧
Na2CO3 ࡢ⤖ᬗࢆ⢓⳦࡟┤᥋ࡢࡏࡓࠋ
Ѝࡑࡢᚋࡶάືࢆ⥆ࡅࡓࠋ
Na2CO3 ࡢ⤖ᬗࢆᇵᆅ࡟ࡢࡏࡓࠋ
ЍNa2CO3 ࡢ⤖ᬗࢆ㜼Ṇ෇ࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㑊ࡅࡑࡢᚋࡶάືࢆ⥆ࡅࡓࠋ

ճᾐ㏱ᅽࡢᙳ㡪  NaCl ࡢ⤖ᬗࢆኚᙧయ௜㏆࡟┤᥋⨨ࡁࠊ㢧ᚤ㙾࡛ኚᙧయࡸὶືࡢኚ໬ࡢ᭷↓ࢆほᐹࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࡢ
ᚋࡢ⳦඲యࡢኚ໬ࠊάືࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋ࣮ࡢ཰㞟࡟ດࡵࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺ࠋ

ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࣄࢻࣛࡢ⏕ែ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚(FRORJ\RI+\GUDᒣୗ ᪂⳯ ᑠཎ 㔛ዉ ஭ୖ ᐇඃ ኱⸭ ၨ㄃ ᚋ⸨ ᘓோ 㛗⏿ ⩧ஓ ཎ⏣ ┿Ṍ ྜྷ஭ 㐩ᶞ
Abstract
Hydra is a very unique living thing. Although it is the same Cnidaria as jellyfish, the lake of fresh water with few streams
is inhabited. Moreover, even if it cuts, reproduction is performed. From the feature of performing this reproduction, it isused as a model organism of cell differentiation. Although it adds and Hydra usually increases the number of individuals
by asexual reproduction called a budding, it turns out that determination of a sex will be performed if circumference watertemperature will be 8 Υ or less, and sexual reproduction is carried out. We conducted the experiment fundamental about
the ecology of Hydra this time.
せ⣙ࣄࢻࣛࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ࣘࢽ࣮ࢡ࡞⏕ࡁ≀࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢡࣛࢤ࡜ྠࡌ่⬊ື≀࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ࠊỈὶࡢᑡ࡞࠸ῐỈࡢ†἟࡟⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊษ᩿ࡋ࡚ࡶษ᩿ࡋࡓ㠃࠿ࡽ෌⏕ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࠋࡇࡢ෌⏕ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠺࡜࠸࠺≉ᚩ࠿ࡽࠊ⣽⬊ศ໬ࡢࣔࢹࣝ⏕≀࡜ࡋ࡚౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡃࢃ࠼࡚ࠊࣄࢻࣛࡣ㏻ᖖࡣฟⱆ࡜࠸࠺↓ᛶ⏕Ṫ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢಶయᩘࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡀࠊ࿘㎶Ỉࡀ 8Υ௨ୗ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜㞤㞝ࡢỴᐃࡀ࠾ࡇ࡞ࢃࢀࠊ᭷ᛶ⏕Ṫࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᅇᡃࠎࡣࣄࢻࣛࡢ⏕ែ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
ᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸯 ᤕ㣗 㢧ᚤ㙾ୗ࡛ࣄࢻࣛࡀ࢚ࢧࢆᤕ㣗ᚋఱ᫬㛫࡛ᾘ໬ࢆࡍࡿ࠿ほᐹࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ࢚ࢧࢆ୚࠼ࡿ᫬㛫ࢆࡎࡽࡍ஦࡛ࠊ
ᾘ໬ࡢᵝᏊࢆほᐹࡍࡿࠋಶయᕪࡀ⃭ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵࠊᾘ໬࡟
࠿࠿ࡿ᫬㛫ࡢᐃ㔞໬࡟ࡣ࠸ࡓࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊほᐹࡍࡿ஦࡛ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࠋ
㸦㸯㸧ᤕ㣗ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊ⮬㌟ࡼࡾ㐣ᗘ࡟኱ࡁ࡞࢚ࢧࡣࠊ୍
ᗘࡣಖᣢࢆࡍࡿࡀᨺࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ ࡣࡌࡵࠊ࢔ࣝࢸ࣑࢔࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ஝⇱㉥⹸ࢆ୚࠼ࡼ࠺࡜
ヨࡳࡓࠋඖ᮶ࣄࢻࣛࡣ⏕ࡁ㣵ࡢࡳࢆᤕ㣗ࡍࡿ࡜࠶ࡿࡀࠊ
ࣆࣥࢭࢵࢺ࡟ࡘࡲࡳࠊࣝ࢔࣮ࡢᐜ㔞࡛࢚ࢧࢆ୚࠼ࡓࠋ
ࡇࡢ࡜ࡁࠊ࢚ࢧࢆཱྀඖࡲ࡛㐠ࡪືసࢆࡋࡓࡀࡍࡄ࡟ᨺ
ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ
㸦㸰㸧࢚ࢧࢆ㣗࡭ࡿ࡜ࠊ⭠ࡢࡐࢇື㐠ື࡟ఝࡓືࡁࢆ
඲య࡛࠾ࡇ࡞࠺ࠋ
ࣄࢻࣛࡢᵓ㐀࡛ࡣࠊ⬗㒊ࡢቨ㠃࡟ෆᒙ࡜ࡼࡤࢀࡿᒙ
ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡇ࡟ᡤᒓࡍࡿ㣗⬊ࠊ⭢⣽⬊ࡸᰤ㣴⣽⬊࡛ᾘ໬ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋほᐹࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ㸺෗┿㸯㸼࡛♧ࡍࠋ⤖ᯝࠊ࢚ࢧࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡾ෗┿㸯࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿᙳ࡟࡞ࡿ㒊ศ࡟࢚ࢧࡀ࠶
෗┿㸯ࡿ࡜㢮᥎ࡉࢀࡿࠋ
௒ᚋࠊ௚ࡢᏛᰯ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢢࣝࢱࢳ࢜ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢚ࢧ࡜࢚ࢧ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㆑ู࡟㛵ࡍࡿ෌⌧ᐇ㦂ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞࠸ࠊࡑࡢ୰࠿ࡽᤕ㣗࣭ᾘ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞஦ᐇࢆⓎぢࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ㸰 ่⬊ ่⬊࡜ࡣࣄࢻࣛࡢゐᡭ࡟࠶ࡿ่⣽⬊࡜࠸࠺⣽⬊࠿ࡽኚ໬ࡋࡓ኱ࡁࡉ 1/100mm ⛬ᗘࡢ㠀ᖖ࡟ᑠࡉ࡞࢝ࣉࢭ
ࣝ≧ࡢẘ㔪ࡢධࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ่⬊ࡢ౑⏝᪉ἲࡣࠊձ⋓≀ࡀゐᡭ࡟ࡩࢀࡿ࡜ࡑࡢ≀⌮ⓗ่่⃭࡛⬊ࡀᑡࡋ
Ⓨᑕࡉࢀࡿࠋ
ղ่⬊ࡀ่ࡉࡗࡓᡤ࠿ࡽ࡟ࡌࡳฟࡿࢢࣝࢱࢳ࢜ࣥ࡞࡝
ࡢࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁࡟㐣ᩄ࡟཯ᛂࡋࠊከᩘࡢ่⬊࠿ࡽ࠸ࡗࡏ
࠸࡟่⣒ࡀ㣕ࡧฟࡍࠋճ✺ࡁ่ࡉࡗࡓ่⣒ࡢ⟶ࢆ㏻ࡗ࡚ฟ࡚ࡁࡓẘᾮ࡛⋓≀ࡢయࢆ㯞⑷ࡉࡏ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ
մືࡁࡢṆࡲࡗࡓ⋓≀ࡣཱྀ࡟㐠ࡤࢀࡿࠋ㸯㹋ሷ㓟ࢆ⁲ୗࡍࡿ࡜ࣄࢻࣛࡣ่⬊ࢆⓎᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
 ෗┿㸰

a

b

㸺෗┿㸰㸼ࡢ a ࡣ 1M ሷ㓟⁲ୗ๓ࠊb ࡢ෗┿ࡣ 1M
ሷ㓟⁲ୗᚋ࡛࠶ࡿࠋb ࡢ෗┿࡟▮༳࡛ᣦࡋࡓ㒊ศ࡟⣽࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡀ่⬊࠿ࡽⓎᑕࡉࢀࡓ่⣒࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ௒ᚋࠊ่⬊࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏣ồࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
<ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩>
ࢹࢪࢱࣝ⌮⛉ᐊ㸸ᐩᒣ┴⥲ྜᩍ⫱ࢭࣥࢱ࣮
http://rika.el.tym.ed.jp/cms/751f7269/9ad86821751f7
269/30d230e9/30d230e9306e884c52d530687d3080de306e89b35bdf/ ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯᢳฟ᮲௳࣭ಖᏑ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡿ࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࢽࣥⰍ⣲ࡢᏳᐃThe stability of anthocyanin▼ᶫ ᛭Ꮚ ຍ⸨ ᆂ⧊ 㧗ᶫ ⍠஀ ❧㔝 ⧛㤶

୰す ㄹ㤶

⸨㔝 ῵ᙬ

ᯇୗ ♸Ꮚ

᳃ ዌᾏ

       

Abstract
Our project has been researching the stability of anthocyanin. This year, we decided to look over the basic points ofour experiments.
First, we changed the conditions of extracting the anthocyanin from red cabbage. The color which the pigment
showed were different depending on the temperature. Then, we changed the temperature of where to store theextract. The colder the anthocyanin extract was kept, the longer the color stayed without fading.
Through this experiment, we found the importance of the specific conditions in which we do our research. Even theslightest difference will effect the results greatly.
㸯 ┠ⓗ࡜ືᶵ ୰ᛶ᮲௳࡛Ᏻᐃࡋࡓ࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࢽࣥࢆᚓࡿ᪉ἲࢆ☜❧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶᮏᐇ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᢳฟ᪉ἲ࣭ಖᏑ᮲௳ࡢ㐪࠸࡜Ᏻᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࠾‫‮‬ᢳฟ

2 ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ձ⣸࢟ࣕ࣋ࢶ㸶㸮㹥ࢆỈ㸰㸮㸮㹫㹪࡛㸯㸮ศຍ⇕ࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋ㸯㸮ศ෭ࡸࡍࠋ ղ⣸࢟ࣕ࣋ࢶ㸶㸮㹥ࢆỈ㸰㸮㸮㹫㹪࡟㸯㸮ศࡘࡅࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢᚋձ࡜᮲௳ࢆࡑࢁ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ㸯㸮ศ෭ࡸࡍࠋ ճ⣸࢟ࣕ࣋ࢶ㸶㸮㹥࡟Ỉ㸰㸮㸮㹫㹪ຍ࠼ࠊ㸯㸮ศࡶࡴ ࠋࡑࡢᚋձ࡜᮲௳ࢆࡑࢁ࠼ࡿࡓࡵ㸯㸮ศ   մࡑࢀࡒࢀࢆᖖ 㸦㸰㸮Υ㸧ࠊ෭ⶶ㸦㸳Υ㸧ࠊ෭෾  㸦㸫㸯㸵Υ㸧࡜࠸࠺᮲௳࡛ಖᏑࠋ
ᙜ᪥ࠊ㸲᪥ᚋࠊ㸯㸯᪥ᚋࡢ྾ගᗘࢢࣛࣇࢆẚ㍑ࡋࠊ
ⓎⰍࡢ㐪࠸ࢆほᐹࡍࡿࠋ

Ỉࡶࡳᢳฟ

㸱 ⤖ᯝ
 ᕥ࠿ࡽ㸱ᮏࡎࡘ෭෾ࠊ෭ⶶࠊᖖ 㸦㸲᪥ᚋ㸧ࠋ࣭Ỉࡶࡳᢳฟࡣࠊ࡝ࡢ᮲௳࡛ಖᏑࡋ࡚ࡶ᭱኱྾ගἼ㛗ࡀ㸲㸮㸮㹬㹫࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
࣭࠾‫‮‬ᢳฟࡣ㟷⣸ⰍࠊỈࡶࡳ࣭Ỉᢳฟࡣ㉥⣸Ⰽ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࣭ᖖ ಖᏑࡣ㸲᪥ᚋ࡟ࡣ⭉ᩋࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ
4 ⪃ᐹ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࣭ᢳฟຠ⋡ࡀ୍␒Ⰻ࠸ࡢࡣ࠾‫‮‬ᢳฟ Ѝ㧗 ࡛࠶ࡿ࡯࠺ࡀࠊⰍ⣲ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࢥࣆࢢ࣓ࣥࢺࡸ ⢾ࡶᢳฟࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ࠾‫‮‬ᢳฟỈᢳฟ ࡢ᪉ࡀ㟷⣔ࡀᙉ࠸Ⰽ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
࣭඲࡚ࡢ᮲௳࡛ぢࡽࢀࡿ⃰ᗘኚ໬ࡣࠊỈศࡢࢃࡎ࠿࡞⵨
 Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
࣭࠾‫‮‬ᢳฟࡢ෭෾ಖᏑࡢሙྜࠊ᭱኱྾ගἼ㛗ࡢኚືࡀぢ ࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡣࠊᏳᐃࡋࡓⰍ⣲ࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵࡢᢳ ฟ࣭ಖᏑ᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡇࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㹮㹦ኚ໬࡟ࡼ ࡿⰍ⣲ᵓ㐀ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚◊✲ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ                                              ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ㧗➼ᏛᰯἁὅἚỉ᬴ܱỆấẬỦብ˳ỉਰỦộẟỆếẟềᴾᴾ
The behavior of powder in Kundt’s tube
ὸ஭ ༓᫂ 㬼㣫 ᓧኴ㑻 ᯇᮏ ୕෤
Abstract
It is known that behavior of powder in Kundt’s tube changes with the kinds. We used expanded polystyrene
beads with three different diameter and Lycopodium, which is a spore of a kind of fern plant. It says in thereference that polystyrene beads gather to anti-node of standing wave, regardless of frequency or diameter. It alsosays that Lycopodium gather to node. We studied whether the description is right. We find that Lycopodium in low
frequency gather to anti-node like polysterene beads.

せ⣙ Ẽᰕඹ㬆ࡢࡼ࠺ࡍࢆ⟶ෆ࡟ධࢀࡓ⢊࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ほᐹࡍࡿᐇ㦂ࡣࠊࠕࢡࣥࢺࡢᐇ㦂ࠖ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡼࡃ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ
኱ࡁࡉࡢ␗࡞ࡿ 3 ✀ࡢⓎἻࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ⌫࡜ Lycopodium㸦࠶ࡿ✀ࡢࢩࢲ᳜≀ࡢ⬊Ꮚ㸧ࡢィ 4 ✀㢮ࡢ⢊ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࡑࡢ᣺ࡿࡲ࠸ࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࡳࡓࠋ
㸯㸬◊✲ࡢືᶵࠊ┠ⓗ㸺ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ㸼
ࡇࡢ⿦⨨ࢆྡྂᒇᕷ⛉Ꮫ㤋࡛ぢᏛࡋࡓ㝿࡟ࠊ⢊ࡢ‫ڦ‬ᐇ㦂㸯㸦ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩[㸯]ࡢ☜ㄆ㸧᣺ࡿࡲ࠸ࡀ࡜࡚ࡶ⯆࿡῝࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛◊✲ࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺
ẚ㍑ࡢ㝿ࡣ㡢ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢆ 365Hzࠊ114Hzࠊ214Hz ࡟ࡑ࡜ᛮࡗࡓࠋ⢊యࡢ㞟ࡲࡿሙᡤ㸦⭡ࡲࡓࡣ⠇㸧ࡣࡑࡢࢁ࠼࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ✀㢮࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ㄽᩥࡶ࠶ࡾ㸦ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩‫ڦ‬ᐇ㦂㸰㸦ᐇ㦂㸯ࡢ⪃ᐹ࠿ࡽࡢ◊✲ㄢ㢟㸧[㸯]㸧
ࠊࡑࡢཎᅉࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ௒ᅇࡣ
365Hz~110Hz ࡢ㛫࡛Ẽᰕඹ㬆ࡍࡿ࿘Ἴᩘࢆ᥈ࡋࠊⓎཧ⪃ᩥ⊩[㸯]ࡢグ㏙ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ◊✲ㄢ㢟ࢆᐃἻࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ⌫኱࡜ Lycopodium ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊẚ㍑࡜࿘Ἴ
ࡵࠊᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᩘ࡟ࡼࡿ Lycopodium ࡢ᣺ࡿࡲ࠸ࡢኚ໬ࢆグ㘓ࡋࡓࠋ㸰㸬ᐇ㦂ჾල࡜᪉ἲ
㸺ᐇ㦂ჾල㸼
‫ࢡࢵࢳࢫࣛࣉە‬〇ࡢ⟄㸦ෆᚄ 45㹫㹫ࠊ㛗ࡉ 1002㹫㹫㸧ࡢ୧ഃࢆ 2 ᯛࡢᯈ㸦150㹫㹫150㹫㹫ࠊ࠺ࡕ㸯ᯛࡣ⟄ࢆࡣࡵ㎸ࡴࡓࡵࡢ✰ࢆ㛤ࡅࡓ㸧࡛ࡣࡉࡴࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊ
Ẽᰕඹ㬆⟶ࢆ〇సࠋ‫ە‬ప࿘ἼⓎಙჾ‫࣮࣮࢝ࣆࢫە‬㸦┤ᚄ 101㹫㹫㸧‫ە‬ⓎἻࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ⌫኱㸸┤ᚄ ⣙ 5.2㹫㹫 ㉁㔞 ⣙ 1.310㸫㸱㹥 ୰㸸┤ᚄ ⣙ 2.0㹫㹫 ㉁㔞 ⣙ 1.210㸫㸲㹥ᑠ㸸┤ᚄ ⣙ 0.9㹫㹫 ㉁㔞 ⣙ 4.510㸫㸳㹥‫ە‬Lycopodium㸦ࢩࢲ᳜≀ࡢ୍✀ࡢ⬊Ꮚ㸧┤ᚄ ⣙ 0.032㹫㹫

㸱㸬⤖ᯝ
㹼ᐇ㦂㸯㹼 㸺┠ⓗ㸼ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩[㸯]ࡢ᳨ド࡜ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢㄢ㢟ࢆᐃࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
㸺ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ㸼 ኱ࡁࡉࡢ␗࡞ࡿⓎἻࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ⌫㸦኱/୰/ᑠ㸧࡜
Lycopodium ࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿࠋ⢊యࡢ኱ࡁࡉࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ⌫ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ձࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ
⌫࡜ Lycopodium ࡢẚ㍑ࢆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡇࡢ㸰ࡘࡢ⢊యࢆྠࡌ⟶ࡢ୰࡟ධࢀղࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊձղඹ࡟࿘
Ἴᩘ࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࢆぢࡿࡓࡵᐃᖖἼࡢྍど໬ࡀࡋࡸࡍ࠿ࡗ
ࡓ 3 ࡘࡢ࿘Ἴᩘ㸦365Hz / 214Hz / 114Hz㸧࡟ᐃࡵ࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࡛ࡣࠊࢫࢳ࣮ࣟࣝ⌫ࡣᐃᖖἼࡢ⭡࡟ᙜࡓࡿ㒊ศ࡟㞟ࡲࡾࠊLycopodium ࡣ⠇࡟ᙜࡓࡿ㒊ศ࡟㞟ࡲࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࠊ⢊యࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡜ࡣ㛵ಀࡋ࡞࠸࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ឡ▱┴❧ส㇂㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㡢㏿ࡢ ᐃ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
6WXG\RIVRXQGVSHHGᵽཱྀ㞝௓ ᒣ⏣㞝㢼㻌 㒔⠏ᮏᡂ ℈୰ᝆభ ᪩ᕝ᫂ᏹ㻌
Abstract
We devised two methodstomeasure of sound speed. First, we used two sound sensors. We rang the soundsource 1 placed in the middle of two sensors, and then we rang the sound source 2 placed near one of thesensors. We measuredtime lag between when each sensor reacted to the sound. Second, we used a solar
battery and a sound sensor. We placed a laser behind a balloon so that its beam would be emitted when theballoon bursts. We measured time lag between when the solar battery reacted to the beam and when the soundsensor reacted to the sound.
せ⣙ 㡢㏿ࡢ ᐃࢆ⊂⮬ࡢ஧ࡘࡢ᪉ἲ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋ୍ࡘ┠ࡣࠊ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࢆ஧ࡘ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ㸰ࡘࢆ㞳ࡋ࡚⨨ࡁࠊࡑࡢ୰ኸ࡟㡢※㸯ࢆ⨨ࡃࠋࡲࡎࠊ㡢※㸯ࢆ㬆ࡽࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋࠊ∦᪉ࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࡢ㞄࡛㡢※㸰ࢆ㬆ࡽࡋࡓࠋ㡢※㸰࠿ࡽࡢ㡢ࡀࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ᫬㛫ᕪ࠿ࡽ㡢㏿ࢆồࡵࡓࠋ஧ࡘ┠ࡣࠊ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ୍ࡘ࡜ኴ㝧ග㟁ụࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࢆ㢼⯪࡛㐽᩿ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊ㢼⯪ࢆ◚⿣ࡉࡏࡿ࡜ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡣ㐽᩿ࡉࢀ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ㞳ࡋ࡚タ⨨ࡋࡓኴ㝧ග㟁ụ࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿࠋ㢼⯪ࡣ◚⿣᫬࡟㡢ࢆⓎࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ㞳ࡋ࡚タ⨨ࡋࡓ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ࡛ほ ࡋࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ග࡜◚⿣㡢ࡀほ ࡉࢀࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ᫬㛫ᕪ࠿ࡽ㡢㏿ࢆồࡵࡓࠋᗎㄽ ᮏᖺᗘࡢ≀⌮ࢳࣕࣞࣥࢪࡢᐇ㦂ㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠕ㡢㏿ࢆյ ㊥㞳 ¹ ᫬㛫 ࡛㏿ࡉࡀฟࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࠊࡗ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࢸ࣮࣐ࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡓࠋ≀⌮ࡢᩍ㡢㏿ࢆồࡵࡿࠋ
⛉᭩ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊẼᰕࡢඹ㬆ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡑࡢ௚ࡢ᪉ἲࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡉࡽ࡟㡢

30m
30m
㏿ࡢ ᐃࢆ⊂⮬ࡢ  ࡘࡢ᪉ἲ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ A㡢ࢭࣥࢧ B
㡢1ᐇ㦂  ஧ࡘࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᪉ἲ 㡢2
 㡢㏿ࢆ ࡿୖ࡛ࡣࠊ᫬㛫ࡢྲྀࡾᢅ࠸ࡀ࡜࡚ࡶ㔜せ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ஧ࡘࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࡢ୰ኸ࡟⨨࠸ࡓ㡢※㸯ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ᫬㛫㍈ࡢ㸮Ⅼࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࡣࠊ㡢㔞ࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࢆグ㘓࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࠑ⤖ᯝࠒ
ࠑ᪉ἲࠒ
 ᅇ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ≉␗್㸯ࡘࢆ㝖࠸ࡓᖹᆒࡣࠊձ  ࡘࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ $ࠊ% ࢆ 㹫㞳ࡋ࡚タ⨨ࡍࡿࠋ㹫V㸦᭷ຠᩘᏐ  ࢣࢱ㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋղ  ࡘࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࡢࡕࡻ࠺࡝୰㛫ᆅⅬ࡛ࠊ㡢  ࢆ㬆ࡽࡍࠋࡇࡢ㡢  ࡣࠊ ࡘࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ࡛ྠ᫬࡟ほ ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ᫬㛫㍈ࡢ㸮Ⅼ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
500

450

400
ճ 㡢ࢭࣥࢧ $ ࡢ㞄࡛㡢  ࢆ㬆ࡽࡍࠋ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ $ ࡛350
㡢  ࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ᫬㛫ࢆȘࠊ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ % ࡛300
㡢  ࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡿࡲ࡛ࢆș࡜ࡍࡿࠋᐇ㦂ձմ ࡇࡢᕪࢆ W㸻ș㸫Ș࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡀࠊ㡢 ࡀ ࡘࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧ㛫ࢆఏࢃࡿࡢ࡟࠿࠿ࡿ᫬㛫࡛
࠶ࡿࠋ

250
200
0



5

10 ᅇ

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ࠑ⪃ᐹࠒ≉␗್  ࡘ௨እ࡟ࡶࠊᩘ್࡟ࡣࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ኱ࡁࡃࠊ
ṇ☜࡞⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋẼ Υ࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ⌮ㄽ್ࡣ 㹫㹱 ͤ ࡟࡞ࡿࡀࠊ⌮ㄽ್࠿ࡽࡶᖹᆒ್ࡣ኱ࡁࡃࡎࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋࢢࣛࣇ࡟⾲♧ࡉࢀࡓ᫬㛫ࡢ ᐃࢆே㛫ࡢ┠ ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡸࠊ㸰ྎࡢ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࡢ཯ᛂ㏿ᗘࡀ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡀㄗᕪࡢ
ཎᅉ࡜ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᐇ㦂   㡢࡜ගࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᪉ἲ ᐇ㦂  ࡢ཯┬ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࠊ ᐃ⟠ᡤࢆ୍࠿ᡤ࡟㞟୰ࡉࡏࠊᐇ㦂⢭ᗘࢆ㧗ࡵࡿᕤኵࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋほ ⿦⨨ 㟁ὶࢭࣥࢧ࡜㡢ࢭࣥࢧ ࡣ㟁ᅽ࡜㡢㔞ࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࢆヲ⣽࡟グ㘓࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࡓࠋ
ࠑ᪉ἲࠒձ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ග※ࢆ㢼⯪࡛㐽᩿ࡍࡿࠋ
ղ ᗯୗࡢ཯ᑐഃ ㊥㞳 㹫 ࡟ኴ㝧ග㟁ụ࡜㡢ࢭࣥࢧࢆタ⨨ࡍࡿࠋኴ㝧㟁ụ࡟ࡣࠊእ㒊࠿ࡽࡢගࡢᙳ
㡪ࢆᑡ࡞ࡃࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊそ࠸ࢆྲྀࡾ௜ࡅࡓࠋ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ࡢගࡀኴ㝧ග㟁ụ࡟ᒆࡃ࡜ࠊ㟁ụ࡟㟁ᅽࡀ⏕ࡌࡑࡢኚ໬ࢆ㟁ᅽࢭࣥࢧ࡛グ㘓ࡍࡿࠋճ 㢼⯪ࢆ๭ࡿ࡜ࡲࡎ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢගࡀᒆࡁࠊ㐜ࢀ࡚㡢ࡀᒆࡃࠋ㢼⯪࡜ほ ⿦⨨㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࢆග࡜㡢ࡢ฿㐩᫬้ࡢᕪ࡛๭ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡀ㡢㏿࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
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ࠑ⤖ᯝࠒ
 ᅇ⾜࠸ࠊ≉␗್  ࡘࢆ㝖࠸ࡓᖹᆒࡣࠊ㹫V࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
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m/s

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ࠑ⪃ᐹࠒ
Ẽ Υ࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ⌮ㄽ್ࡣࠊPV ͤ ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᐇ㦂  ࡛ࡣ≉␗್ࡶᏑᅾࡏࡎࠊ
ㄗᕪ㸰㸣௨ୗ࡜࡞ࡾࠊṇ☜࡟ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡲ࡜ࡵ㧗ᰯࡢᩍ⛉᭩࡟㍕ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿẼᰕࡢඹ㬆ᐇ㦂௨እ࡟ࡶᕤ
ኵḟ➨࡛ࠊṇ☜࡞㡢㏿ࢆ ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩୰ᮧ ⱥ஧㸸≀⌮ᇶ♏➨୍Ꮫ⩦♫ͤ༳ࡢ⌮ㄽ್ࡣࠊୖグࡢᩍ⛉᭩࡟グ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ
㡢㏿ 㸻 Ẽ  ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ

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ኴ㝧ග㟁ụ



ឡ▱┴❧ส㇂㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㻌ඹ᣺᣺ࡾᏊࡢ㐠ື࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ⪃ᐹ
Study on resonance of pendulum㧗ሯ኱ᬦ ఀ⸨཭ဢ

Abstract
We conducted an experiment onresonance of a pendulum.We could observe curious change of swing
amplitude of pendulum linked with strings. We observed the swings, changing the weight of bobs and thelength of the strings. We found that swing amplitudebecame bigger and bigger when one bob pulls the other
bob.

せ⣙
 ඹ᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛿䚸䛯䜛䜣䛰⣣䛻䚸䠎䛴䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䜢䛴䛡䜛䛣䛸䛷స䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䚸᣺䜚Ꮚ䜢᣺ື䛥䛫䜛䛸䠎䛴䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛿㠀ᖖ䛻୙ᛮ㆟䛺ື䛝䜢䛩䜛䚹䛣䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾㐠ື䜢䚸⣣䛸䛚䜒䜚䛾᮲௳䜢ኚ䛘䛶ほᐹ䛧䚸䛂䛖䛺䜚䛃䛜䛺䛬㉳䛝䜛䛾䛛䜢᥈䛳䛯䚹䛂䛖䛺䜚䛃䛿䚸䠎䛴䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾࿘ᮇⓗ䛺㐠ື䛾䛪䜜䛜ཎᅉ䛷Ⓨ⏕䛧䚸∦᪉䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜䜒䛖୍᪉䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䜢ᘬ䛳ᙇ䜛䛣䛸䛷㉳䛣䛳䛶䛔䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䛳䛯䚹㻌ᇶᮏ᮲௳㻌 ඹ᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾ᇶᮏ᮲௳䛿௨ୗ䛾䛸䛚䜚䛷䛒䜛䚹㻌㻌 䕿ᶓ⣒䛾㛗䛥䈈㻡㻜㼏㼙㻌㻌 䕿䝫䞊䝹䛾㛫㝸䈈䈈䈈䈈䈈㻠㻜㼏㼙㻌㻌 䕿ᦂ䜙䛩㝿䛾᣺䜜ᖜ䈈䈈䈈㻝㻡㼏㼙㻌㻌 䕿䠎䛴䛾䛚䜒䜚䛾㔜䛥䛿⤫୍䛩䜛㻌
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ᗎㄽ

ᐇ㦂

䛒䜛᪥䚸Ꮚ౪ྥ䛡䛾ᕤస䛾ᮏ䛾୰䛷䚸䝭䝜䝮䝅䛟䜣䛸䛔䛖䜒䛾䜢ぢ䛴䛡䛯䚹ㄝ᫂䛻䛿䚸䛂∦᪉䛾䝭䝜䝮䝅䛾⾜䛳䛯ᐇ㦂䛾᮲௳䛿௨ୗ䛾䛸䛚䜚䚹㻌ᦂ䜜䛜䛚䛥䜎䛳䛶䛟䜛䛸䚸䜒䛖୍䛴䛾䝭䝜䝮䝅䛜䜂䛸䜚䛷䛺䛚䚸␒ྕ䛿 ⤖ᯝ䛻ᑐᛂ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹㻌䐟 ⣣䛾㛗䛥㻌 ୧᪉ 㻟㻜㼏㼙㻌 㻌 㻌 䛚䜒䜚䛾㔜䛥 㻝㻟㻜䡃㻌䛻ᦂ䜜ጞ䜑䜎䛩䚹䛃䛸᭩䛔䛶䛒䛳䛯䛜䚸䜎䛳䛯䛟䜲䝯䞊㻌䝆䛜䛴䛛䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䛯䜑䛧䛻స䛳䛶䜏䛯䛸䛣䜝䚸᝿ീ䐠 ⣣䛾㛗䛥㻌 ୧᪉ 㻟㻜㼏㼙㻌 䛚䜒䜚䛾㔜䛥 㻞㻡䡃㻌䛧䛶䛔䛯௨ୖ䛻䚸୙ᛮ㆟䛷䚸㠃ⓑ䛔ື䛝䜢䛧䛯䚹㻌㻌⯆࿡䜢ᣢ䛱ㄪ䜉䛶䜏䜛䛸䚸䝭䝜䝮䝅䛟䜣䛾ື䛝䛿ඹ᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾ື䛝䛸ྠ䛨䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䛳䛯䚹ඹ᣺᣺䜚䐡 ⣣䛾㛗䛥㻌 ୧᪉ 㻞㻜㼏㼙㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 䛚䜒䜚䛾㔜䛥 㻝㻟㻜䡃㻌Ꮚ䛸䛿䚸䛯䜛䜣䛰䜂䜒䛻䚸䠎䛴䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䜢䛴䛡䛯⿦⨨㻌䛷䛒䜛䚹䠎䛴䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛿䚸஫䛔䛻䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䜢ఏ䛘ྜ䐢 ⣣䛾㛗䛥 㻟㻜㼏㼙 䛸 㻞㻡㼏㼙㻌 㻌 䛚䜒䜚䛾㔜䛥 㻝㻟㻜䡃㻌䛔䚸㐠ື䛜⤯䛘䛪ኚ໬䛩䜛䚹ඹ᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾㐠ື䛻䛴㻌䛔䛶ゎ᫂䜢䛧䛯䛔䛸⪃䛘䚸ᮏ◊✲䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛰䚹㻌䐣 ⣣䛾㛗䛥 㻟㻜㼏㼙 䛸 㻞㻜㼏㼙㻌 㻌 䛚䜒䜚䛾㔜䛥 㻝㻟㻜䡃㻌

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㻡㻌 ⪃ᐹᦂ䜙䛩䠅䛾 㻞 䛴䛾᪉ἲ䛷䚸ᐇ㦂䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹䛷䚸㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌 㻌䛭䜜䛮䜜䛾᮲௳䛷䚸᣺䜚Ꮚ䜢ᦂ䜙䛧ጞ䜑䜛᫬䛻୧᪉䛾䛚䜒䜚䜢ᘬ䛔䛶ྠ᫬䛻ᨺ䛩䠄୧ഃ䜢ᦂ䜙䛩䠅䛸䚸∦䛖䛺䜚䛜䛺䛬䛷䛝䜛䛾䛛䜢䚸ḟ䛾䜘䛖䛻⪃ᐹ䛧䛯㻌᪉䛾䛚䜒䜚䜢ᘬ䛔䛶ᨺ䛩䠄∦ഃ䜢ᦂ䜙䛩䠅䛾 㻞 䛴䛾᪉䐟㻌 ∦᪉䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛰䛡䜢ᦂ䜙䛧䛯䜚䚸㻞 䛴䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾࿘ἲ䛷䚸ᐇ㦂䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹᪉䛾䛚䜒䜚䜢ᘬ䛔䛶ᨺ䛩䠄∦ഃᮇ䛜␗䛺䛳䛯䜚䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䚸୍᪉䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜䚸䜒䛖㻌ィ୍᪉䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜䚸䜒䛖୍᪉䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䜘䜚䜒䚸ඛ⾜䛩䜛≧䛻䛿㉸㡢Ἴ䛾཯ᑕ䜢฼⏝䛧䛶≀య䛾఩⨨䛜ែ䛻䛺䜛䚹㻌 㻌ᐃ䛷䛝䜛䝉䞁䝃䞊䜢౑⏝䛧䛯䚹㻌
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⤖ᯝ

䐠㻌 ඛ⾜䛧䛯᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜䚸䛯䜛䜣䛰⣣䜢㏻䛧䛶䚸㐜䜜䛶䐟㻌 ∦᪉䛰䛡ᦂ䜙䛧䛯᫬䛿䚸ୗ䛾䜾䝷䝣䛾䜘䛖䛻䚸᣺䜜䛔䜛᣺䜚Ꮚ䜢䚸ᘬ䛳ᙇ䜛䛣䛸䛻䛺䜛䚹㻌䛜ᑠ䛥䛟䛺䛳䛯䜚኱䛝䛟䛺䛳䛯䜚䜢⧞䜚㏉䛧䛯䚹㻌㻌㻌䐡㻌 ඛ⾜䛧䛯᣺䜚Ꮚ䛿䚸ᘬ䛳ᙇ䜛䛾䛻䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䜢౑䛔䚸㐜䜜䛶䛔䜛᣺䜚Ꮚ䛿䚸ᘬ䛳ᙇ䜙䜜䜛䛾䛷䚸䜶䝛䝹௒ᅇ䛾◊✲䛷䛿䚸᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾᣺䜜䛜䚸ᑠ䛥䛟䛺䛳䛶኱䛝䛟䛺䛳䛶䜎䛯ᑠ䛥䛟䛺䜛䛸䛔䛖୍㐃䛾ື䛝䛾䛣䛸䜢䚸䛂䛖䜼䞊䜢䜒䜙䛖䚹㻌

䛺䜚䛃䛸࿧䜆䛣䛸䛻䛧䛯䚹㻌㻌㻌䐢㻌 ඛ⾜䛧䛯᣺䜚Ꮚ䛿䚸䜔䛜䛶䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䜢౑䛔ᯝ䛯䐠㻌 ୧᪉ᦂ䜙䛧䛯᫬䜒䚸∦᪉䛰䛡ᦂ䜙䛧䛯᫬䜒䐟䛸ኚ䛧Ṇ䜎䜛䚹㻌໬䛿ぢ䜙䜜䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹㻌㻌㻌䐣㻌 ඛ⾜䛧䛶䛔䛯᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜Ṇ䜎䛳䛶䛔䜛㛫䛻䚸㐜䜜䛶䐡㻌 ୧᪉ᦂ䜙䛧䛯᫬䜒䚸∦᪉䛰䛡ᦂ䜙䛧䛯᫬䜒䚸䐟䜘䜚䛔䛯᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜㏣䛔ᢤ䛟䚹䛭䛖䛧䛶䚸㐜䜜䛶䛔䛯᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜䜒᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾࿘ᮇ䛜▷䛟䛺䛳䛯䚹㻌ඛ⾜䛧䚸ඛ⾜䛧䛶䛔䛯᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜䚸㐜䜜䜛䚹㻌㻌㻌䐢㻌 ୧ഃᦂ䜙䛧䛯᫬䛷䜒䚸䛖䛺䜚䛜ぢ䜙䜜䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸㻞 䛴䐤㻌 䐠䛻ᡠ䜛䊻௨ୗ䚸⧞䜚㏉䛧㻌䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾᣺䜜䜛ᅇᩘ䛜ྠ䛨䛰䛳䛯䚹㻌㻌㻌 ௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃ
∦ഃ䛰䛡ᦂ䜙䛧䛯᫬䛿䚸䛖䛺䜚䛿㉳䛣䛳䛯䛜䚸㻟㻜㼏㼙䛣䛾◊✲䛻䜘䛳䛶䚸ඹ᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛷䛂䛖䛺䜚䛃䛜Ⓨ⏕䛩䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䛜䚸᏶඲䛻䛿䚸㻞㻡㼏㼙 䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䜛䝯䜹䝙䝈䝮䛜䜟䛛䛳䛯䚹䛧䛛䛧䚸ᐇ㦂୰䛻ฟ䛯␲ၥ䛻ఏ䜟䛳䛶䛔䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹㻌䛷䚸䜎䛰ゎ᫂䛧䛶䛔䛺䛔䜒䛾䜒ከ䛔䚹௒ᚋ䚸䛥䜙䛻ඹ㻌᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾ほᐹ䜢㐍䜑䛶䛔䛝䚸䛣䜜䜙䛾␲ၥ䜢ゎ᫂䛧䐣㻌 䐢䛸ఝ䛯䜘䛖䛺ᦂ䜜᪉䜢䛧䛯䚹䛯䛰䚸䐢䛿䚸㻞 䛴䛾䛶䛔䛝䛯䛔䚹䜎䛯䚸䛣䛾◊✲䛷䛂䛖䛺䜚䛃䛸䛔䛖ゝⴥ䜢౑᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾᣺䜜䜛ᅇᩘ䛜ྠ䛨䛰䛳䛯䛜䚸䐣䛿䚸䛖䛺䜚 㻝 䛴䛳䛯䛾䛿䚸ඹ᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾㐠ື䛾䜾䝷䝣䛜㡢䛾䛂䛖䛺䜚䛃䛤䛸䛻䚸㻞㻜㼏㼙 䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䛜 㻟㻜㼏㼙 䛾᣺䜚Ꮚ䜘䜚䜒 㻝  ᚟䛾䜾䝷䝣䛻ఝ䛶䛔䛯䛛䜙䛷䛒䜛䚹㡢䛾䛖䛺䜚䛾䜾䝷䝣䛿䚸ከ䛟᣺䜜䛯䚹㻌

㛵ᩘ䛷⾲䛩䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹䛭䜜䛺䜙䜀䚸ඹ᣺᣺䜚Ꮚ䛾䛖䛺䜚䜒䚸㛵ᩘ䛷⾲䛩䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䛿䛪䛷䛒䜛䚹ඹ᣺᣺䜚䛣䛾㐠ື䜢䚸㛵ᩘ䛷⾲䛧䛶䛣䛭◊✲┠ⓗ䛜㐩ᡂ䛥䜜䛯䛸䛔䛘䜛䚹䛭䛾㛵ᩘ䜢ぢ䛴䛡ฟ䛩䛣䛸䜢䠍䛴䛾┠ᶆ䛸䛧䚸௒ᚋ䜒◊✲䜢⥆䛡䛶⏕䛝䛯䛔䚹㻌

࠺࡞ࡾ
㻌



  ᗲ⍮⋵┙᣿๺㜞╬ቇᩞࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ߆ࠄࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩන㔌ߣߘߩᕈ⾰
Isolation of acetylsalicylic acid from aspirin and its hydrolysis
ᩙᧄ ḝᏗ
Abstract
Acetylsalicylic acid, known as one of the painkillers, is contained in commercial aspirin.
During the isolation of acetylsalicylic acid from aspirin, its hydrolysis becomes apparent. I
investigated into hydrolysis with several pH solutions under various temperatures. I
measured how much salicylic acid was produced by the decomposition of acetylsalicylic
acid.
 
ⷐ⚂
ࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߣߪ‫ߩࡦ࡝ࡇࠬࠕޔ‬ਥᚑಽߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬㎾∩೷ߣߒߡ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ߆ࠄන㔌ߔࠆਛߢ‫ޔ‬ട᳓ಽ⸃߇⿠ߎߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆
ߞߚ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߩႎ๔ߢߪ‫ޔ‬᭽‫ ߥޘ‬pH‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲ᧦ઙਅߢߤߩߊࠄ޿ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄߇ട᳓ಽ⸃ߦࠃߞ
ߡ↢ᚑߒߡ޿ࠆ߆⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬ߔࠆߎߣߢࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍන㔌ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ೋ߼ߦ਎⇇ߢೋ߼ߡੱᎿวᚑߐࠇ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ⽼⮎ߣߒߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ടᾲỚ❗ߣ᳓ࠍട߃ࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ

ߡᱧผ⊛ߦ߽᦭ฬߥࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦࠍขࠅ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬ࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߪട᳓ಽ⸃ߐࠇࠨ࡝࠴

ߘߩ⮎ലᚑಽߢ޽ࠆࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߦ࡞㉄߇ᷙ౉ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ቯᕈ⹜㛎ࠃࠅಽᵈ⋡ߒߚ‫♿ߪ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޕ‬ర೨߆ࠅ‫ޔ‬᛽಴‫⚿ޔ‬᥏ൻߩ㓙ߩᣇᴺߦᡷ⦟ࠍട

400 ᐕ㗃߆ࠄ㎾∩೷ߣߒߡ೑↪ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ

߃ࠆᔅⷐ߇↢ߓߚ‫࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔߢߎߘޕ‬ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍࠕ࠮࠴࡞ൻߒߚ߽ߩߢ‫⺖ޔ‬㗴࠴࡞㉄ߩട᳓ಽ⸃ࠍ㉄ᕈߣࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ᧦ઙ

ὐߢ޽ߞߚ೽૞↪߇シᷫߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ਅߦಽߌ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦ⺞ߴߚ‫ޕ‬ࠃ߁ߦᱧผ⊛ߦᵈ⋡ߐࠇߚ⮎೷ߢ޽ࠆࠕ࠮

߹ߕ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߪ‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰ߩᢥ₂ࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߦ⥝๧ࠍᜬߜ‫ࡦ࡝ࡇࠬࠕޔ‬‫ޟ‬᷷ᐲ߇㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬pH ߇ૐ޿ṁᶧਛ߶ߤട᳓ಽ

߆ࠄන㔌ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⹜ߺߚ‫࠮ࠕޔߦࠄߐޕ‬⸃߇ㅴߺ߿ߔ޿ߩߢߪߥ޿߆‫ޕ‬‫߁޿ߣޠ‬઒⺑࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩട᳓ಽ⸃ߦߟ޿ߡߩᬌ⸛

ࠍ┙ߡ‫ޔ‬ᬌ⸽ታ㛎ࠍⴕߥߞߚ‫㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨޕ‬ࠍട߃‫ޔ‬න㔌ㆊ⒟ߢࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄߇ᷙ౉ߒߥ

߇ᷙ౉ߔࠆߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)߇ࡈࠚࡁ࡯࡞

޿ࠃ߁ߦታ㛎ᠲ૞ߦᡷ⦟ࠍട߃ࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᕈ᳓㉄ၮߣ㈩૏⚿วߒ‫ޔ‬㍲૕ࠍߟߊߞߡ⚡⊛ߣߒߚ‫ߩࡦ࡝ࡇࠬࠕ(ޕ‬ᚑಽߪࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ

⦡ࠍ๒⦡ߔࠆᄌൻࠃࠅ⏕⹺ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈

࡝࠴࡞㉄‫޽ߢߤߥࡦࡊࡦ࠺ޔࠬ࡯ࡠ࡞࠮ޔ‬ࠆ‫ߩ⦡⚡ߩ߈ߣߩߎޕ‬๒⦡ࠍ೑↪ߒ‫ޔ‬ๆశࠆ‫)ޕ‬

శᐲᴺߦࠃߞߡࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩಽ⸃㊂ࠍቯ㊂ߒ‫ޔ‬઒⺑ࠍᬌ⸽ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫࡝ࠞ࡞ࠕޔ‬ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߩട᳓ಽ⸃ߦ

⎇ⓥౝኈ
ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ṁᇦࠍ↪޿ߡࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴

ߟ޿ߡߢ޽ࠆ߇‫߼ߓ߆ࠄ޽ޔ‬᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࡞㉄ࠍ᛽಴ߒ‫ޔ‬ടᾲỚ❗ߒߡࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ࠍ

࠙ࡓࠍㆊ೾ߦട߃ߡ߅߈‫㉄ߢ㉄⎫ޔ‬ᕈߦᚯ⫳⊒ߐߖ‫ޔ‬᳓ࠍട߃ߡടᾲߒ‫⚿ޔ‬᥏ࠍᵞᵺߔߣ޿߁ᣇᴺߢ㉄ᕈ᧦ઙਅห᭽‫ޔ‬Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)

ߩ๒⦡෻ᔕߦࠃࠅቯ㊂ࠍⴕߥߞߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬Ⲣὐࠍ᷹ቯߒ‫Ⲣߩ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬ട᳓ಽ⸃ߦ߅޿ߡട߃ߚ᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓ

ὐߢ޽ࠆ 135͠೨ᓟߣᲧセߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ߩᶖ⾌㊂߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓߣࠕ࠮࠴

(2)ๆ෼ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦࠃࠆหቯ㧦⹜ᢱߩๆ࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥࡕ࡞Ყߢ෻ᔕߒ

෼ᭂᄢᵄ㐳ࠍ᷹ቯߒ‫࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬ߡ޿ࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ߽⠨ኤࠍട߃ߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬࡞㉄(275nm)‫(㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨޔ‬304nm)ߣᲧ

৻⥸ߦࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩട᳓ಽ⸃ߪᰴセߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

ߩࠃ߁ߥ෻ᔕߣߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫࡞ࡕߩߘޔ‬Ყߪ(3)Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߩ๒⦡෻ᔕ㧦⹜ᢱࠍࠛ࠲ࡁ

ࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄:᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓ

࡯࡞ਛߦṁ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)᳓ṁᶧࠍട߃=1:2 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬๒⦡ߢࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

+

2NaOH

ψ

+

(4)࡛࠙⚛࠺ࡦࡊࡦ෻ᔕ㧦⎈޿ߚࠕࠬࡇ࡝

CH3COONaࡦ‫ࠈޔ‬ㆊᓟߩ‛⾰‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱߦ࡛࠙⚛ࠍട߃‫ޔ‬๒⦡ࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆߎߣߢ࠺ࡦࡊࡦࠍหቯߔ

ᦨᓟߦ‫ߩ߼ߓߪޔ‬න㔌ታ㛎ߢࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞

ࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠍട߃ߡടᾲߒߚ㓙ߦ߽ട᳓ಽ⸃߇⿠ߎߞ
ߡ޿ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣ⠨߃‫࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬ṁ

Ԙ̆3 ᡷ⦟೨ߩ⚿ᨐᇦਛߢߩࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩട᳓ಽ⸃ߦ

࿁෼₸ߪ 37.3%ߣ‫ࠅߥ߆ޔ‬ૐ޿୯ߣߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ߟ޿ߡ߽ታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᷙⲢ⹜㛎ߢߩⲢὐߪ቟ቯߖߕ‫ޔ‬108~120͠೨ᓟߣࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩⲢὐ 135͠ߣ

ታ㛎ᣇᴺߣ⚿ᨐᲧߴࠆߣૐ޿୯ߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ਇ⚐‛߇ᷙߓߞߡ

Ԙන㔌ታ㛎ߣቯᕈ⹜㛎޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ๆ෼ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦߟ

Ԙ̆1 න㔌ታ㛎(ᡷ⦟೨)޿ߡߪ‫ ࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬3 ߩㅢࠅ‫࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬ ࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ 10 ㍤ࠍ⎈߈‫߽ߚߒߦ⁁ᧃ☳ޔ‬࡞㉄ߣࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩਔᣇߩࡇ࡯ࠢ߇⷗ࠄࠇ

ߩߦࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ࠍ 50ml ട߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦടᾲ‫ޔ‬ߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߩ๒⦡෻ᔕߢߪ‫ޔ‬౮ᡬᜈߒߡࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞

⌀㧝ߩࠃ߁ߦ⚡⦡ߩ๒⦡߇ߺࠄࠇ‫࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬ߦṁ߆ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ṁᶧࠍࠈㆊߒ‫࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄߇ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߦട᳓ಽ⸃ߒߡ

ߦṁߌߥ޿ਇṁ‛ࠍขࠅ㒰߈‫ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬޿ࠆߎߣ߇್ߞߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦ‫ࡊࡦ࠺⚛࡛࠙ޔ‬࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ṁᶧߣߔࠆ‫ࡁ࠲ࠛޕ‬ࡦ෻ᔕߪ⎈޿ߚࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ‫ࠈޔ‬ㆊᓟߩ‛⾰࡯࡞߇ోߡ⫳⇐ߐࠇߚࠄ᳓ࠍട߃ߡടᾲ‫ޔ‬ߦߪ⷗ࠄࠇ‫⹜ޔ‬ᢱߦߪ⷗ࠄࠇߕ‫ࡦࡊࡦ࠺ޔ‬ᡬᜈߒߡဋ৻ߥṁᶧߣߒ‫࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬ߥߤߪቢోߦขࠅ㒰ߌߚߣ޿߃ࠆ‫ޕ‬࡞㉄ߩ⚿᥏ࠍᓧࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ๆᒁࠈㆊࠍⴕ
޿‫⚿ߩ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬᥏ࠍขࠅ಴ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨᓟߦࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ 1 ㍤޽ߚࠅߩࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ
࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩ฽᦭㊂(0.5g/1 ㍤)߆ࠄ‫࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩ࿁෼₸ࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬Ԙ̆2 ࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄‫ޔ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨޔ‬㩂㩨㩡㩖 1㧚㨻㩈㩋㩣㩅㩢㩋㩣㉄ߩๆ෼㩇㩗㩩㩂㩎㩣㩂㩨㩡㩖 2㧚㩅㩢㩋㩣㉄ߩๆ෼㩇㩗㩩㩂㩎㩣࠺ࡦࡊࡦߩหቯ
(1)ᷙⲢ⹜㛎㧦ࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ߆ࠄ᛽಴ߒߚࠕ
࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄(⹜ᢱߣߔࠆ)ߣ⹜⮎ߩࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍᷙวߒߡടᾲ‫ޔ‬㩂㩨㩡㩖 3㧚⹜ᢱ(ᡷ⦟೨)ߩๆ෼㩇㩗㩩㩂㩎㩣 ౮⌀ 1㧚Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߩ๒⦡෻ᔕ(ᡷ⦟೨)

ԙട᳓ಽ⸃ߦߟ޿ߡ

Ԙ̆4 න㔌ታ㛎ߩᡷ⦟

ԙ̆1 ㉄ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߩട᳓ಽ⸃

࿁෼₸߇ዋߥ޿ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ
ࠍߐࠄߦ⚦߆ߊ⎈ߊ‫ᦨޔ‬ೋߩടᾲᤨߦࠃߊ

⹜⮎ߩࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ 300mg ࠍࠛᡬᜈߔࠆ‫ࠈޔ‬ㆊᤨߦ⚿᥏ࠍࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ߢච

࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ 20mL ߣ pH2‫ޔ‬pH4 ߦ⺞⵾ߒߚႮ

ಽߦᵞᵺߔࠆߣ޿߁ᠲ૞ࠍട߃‫࡞࠴࡝ࠨޔ‬㉄‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬᳓㆏᳓ 20mL ߩᷙวṁᶧߦṁ߆㉄߇↢ᚑߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ടᾲᤨߒ‫ޔ‬20͠‫ޔ‬40͠‫ޔ‬80͠ߩ᷷ᐲ᧦ઙߢ৻ቯᤨ

㑆ߩ⍴❗‫ޔ‬ടᾲ᷷ᐲࠍૐߊߔࠆߣ޿߁ᡷ⦟

㑆᡼⟎ߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬᡼⟎ߒߚṁᶧ 0.5mLࠍട߃ߡታ㛎ࠍ➅ࠅ㄰ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߦႮൻ㋕(Υ)᳓ṁᶧ(0.05mol/L) 1mL‫ޔ‬᳓
1.5ml ࠍട߃ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬ṁᶧߩ 545nm ߢߩๆశᐲ(Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߣࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩ㍲૕ߩๆ෼Ԙ̆5 ᡷ⦟ᓟߩ⚿ᨐ࿁෼₸ߪ 78.7%ߣᄢ߈ߊะ਄ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᷙⲢᭂᄢ)ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ‫࡞࠴࡝ࠨߩ⮎⹜ޔߡߒߘޕ‬⹜㛎ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ 127㨪132͠ߣ⹜⮎ߩࠕ࠮㉄ࠍ↪޿ߡ૞ᚑߒߚᬌ㊂✢(ࠣ࡜ࡈ 5)ߦࠃ࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩⲢὐ 135͠ߦᄢ߈ߊㄭߠ

ࠅ‫ޔ‬ṁᶧਛߩࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩ㊂ࠍ᳞߼ࠆ‫ޕ‬޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ๆ෼ࠬࡍࠢ࠻࡞ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬(ABS)

4 ߩㅢࠅ‫߇ࠢ࡯ࡇߩ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬⷗ࠄࠇ‫⷗ߤࠎߣ߶ߪࠢ࡯ࡇߩ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨޔ‬ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߩ๒⦡෻
ᔕߢ߽౮⌀ 2 ߩࠃ߁ߦߏߊ⭯޿⚡⦡ߩ๒⦡߇ߺࠄࠇࠆߛߌߢ‫ࡦࡊࡦ࠺⚛࡛࠙ޔ‬෻ᔕߩ⚿ᨐ߽ᡷ⦟೨ߣᄌࠊࠄߕ‫ࠕߥ☴⚐ࠅߥ߆ޔ‬

0.80
0.70
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
0.000

0.100

(mg)

0.200

㩂㩨㩡㩖 5㧚Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߩ๒⦡ߦࠃࠆᬌ㊂✢࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍන㔌ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ߐࠄߦᡷ⦟ࠍട߃‫ࠍ࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬ടᾲỚ❗ߔࠆ㓙ߦࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ࠍቢోߦߪ⫳⊒ߐߖߕ‫ߩ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬㘻๺ṁᶧߦㄭߊߥߞߚߣߎࠈߢടᾲࠍ߿߼ࠆ‫ߦߎߘޕ‬᳓ࠍട߃ࠆߣ‫⺃ޔ‬㔚₸ߩ㆑޿ߦࠃߞߡࠕ࠮࠴࡞

౮⌀ 3㧚ๆశశᐲ⸘

ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩ⚿᥏߇ᨆ಴ߔࠆ‫ࠍࠇߎޕ‬ๆᒁ⚿ᨐߪ⴫ 1 ߩࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ ߅ߥޕ‬80͠ߢࠈㆊߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ⚿᥏ࠍᓧࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬৻ᣣߩߣߎࠈߪ‫ޔ‬2 ᤨ㑆ടᾲߒߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬

ᣇᴺࠍⴕߞߚ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬࿁෼₸ߪ 57.1%ߣᷫዋ

Ᏹ᷷ߢ 22 ᤨ㑆᡼⟎ߒߚߣ߈ߩ୯ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߩ๒⦡෻ᔕ߇ోߊήߊ‫ޔ‬⴫ 1㧚㉄ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߩ㨻㩈㩋㩣㩅㩢㩋㩣㉄ߩട᳓ಽ⸃ߩᐲว(%)

⚂͠
R*
R*
᳓㆏᳓

߶߷⚐☴ߥࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄߇න㔌ߢ߈ߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬᳓ࠍട߃ߡടᾲߒߥ߆ߞߚߚ
߼ߛߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬㩂㩨㩡㩖 4㧚⹜ᢱ(ᡷ⦟ᓟ)ߩๆ෼㩇㩗㩩㩂㩎㩣౮⌀ 2㧚Ⴎൻ㋕(Υ)ߩ๒⦡෻ᔕ(ᡷ⦟ᓟ)



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 
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  R*  ᳓㆏᳓   
⚂͠
J
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R*
 
R* ᳓㆏᳓  

FC[




⸃߇⿠ߎߞߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬

ԙ̆2 ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߩട᳓ಽ⸃

ߘߒߡ‫࡝ࠞ࡞ࠕޔ‬ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲࠍ਄᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓ᳓ṁᶧ(⚂ 0.1mol/L)

50mL ߦࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ 300mg ࠍട߃‫ߦߣߏࠆߍ ޔ‬ਛ๺ὐߦ㆐ߔࠆ߹ߢߩ⎫㉄ߩṢ
25͠‫ޔ‬
40͠‫ޔ‬
80͠ߩ᧦ઙߢ 1 ᤨ㑆᡼⟎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬

ਅ㊂߇ᷫߞߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ട᳓ಽ⸃߇ㅴࠎߢ᳓㉄ߘߩᓟ‫ ⚂(㉄⎫ޔ‬0.05mol/L)ߢṢቯࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓߩᶖ⾌㊂߇Ⴧ߃ߚߚ߼ߛߣ⠨ࠗ࡯ࠫ࡯࠮ࡦࠬ(pH ࠮ࡦࠨ࡯‫ޔ‬Ṣቯ࠮ࡦࠨ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓߣࠕ

࡯ࠍធ⛯ߒߚࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡈࠚࠗࠬ)ࠍ↪޿ߡ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߩ෻ᔕࡕ࡞Ყ߇ 2:1 એ਄Ṣቯᦛ✢ࠍឬ߈‫ޔ‬ਛ๺ὐࠍ᳞߼‫ޔ‬᳓㉄ൻ࠽ߦߥߞߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ട᳓ಽ⸃ߢ↢ߓߚࠨ࡝࠴࡞

࠻࡝࠙ࡓߩᶖ⾌㊂ࠍ⸘▚ߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬Ṣቯ㉄࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓߩ᳓㉄ၮ߇ਛ๺ߐࠇߚߚ߼ߛ

ᓟߩṁᶧࠍ↪޿ߡ㉄ᕈ᧦ઙਅห᭽ߦࠨ࡝࠴

ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬࡞㉄ࠍቯ㊂ߒ‫ޔ‬ട᳓ಽ⸃ߩഀวࠍ⺞ߴࠆ‫ޕ‬ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߪ᷷ᐲߣߪ㑐ଥߥߊߥ߅‫ޔ‬᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓ᳓ṁᶧߩᱜ⏕ߥỚ

߶߷ 100%ߩಽ⸃₸ߛߞߚߩߦኻߒ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈᐲߪࠪࡘ࠙㉄᳓ṁᶧࠍ↪޿ߡ᳿ቯߒ‫㉄⎫ޔ‬ṁᶧਛ‫࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬ṁᇦਛߢ‫ޔ‬᷷ᐲ߇㜞᷷ߩỚᐲߪߎߩ᳓㉄ൻ࠽࠻࡝࠙ࡓ᳓ṁᶧࠍ↪

ߢ޽ࠆߣട᳓ಽ⸃߇ᄢ߈ߊㅴ߻߽ߩߣ⠨߃޿ߡ᳿ቯߒߚ‫⚿ޕ‬ᨐߪ⴫ 2 ߩࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬න㔌ታ㛎ߦ߅޿ߡടᾲᠲ૞ߦࠃࠅᵈ⴫ 2㧚ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߩ㨻㩈㩋㩣㩅㩢㩋㩣㉄ߩട᳓ಽ⸃

1 ࿁⋡ᗧࠍᛄࠊߥߌࠇ߫޿ߌߥ޿ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬

2 ࿁⋡

ዷᦸ
ࠕࠬࡇ࡝ࡦ߆ࠄࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍ߶߷ቢోߦන㔌ߢ߈ߚߎߣߣ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ᧦ઙਅ‫ޔ‬ࠕ࡞ࠞ࡝ᕈ᧦ઙਅ‫࡞࡯ࡁ࠲ࠛޔ‬ṁᇦਅߢߩട᳓ಽ⸃ߩ෻ᔕ㊂߇޽ࠆ⒟ᐲ⸃᣿ߐࠇߚߎ
ԙ̆3 ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ਛߢߩട᳓ಽ⸃

ߣࠃࠅ‫੹ޔ‬ᐲߪᩉߩᧁ߆ࠄࠨ࡝ࠪࡦࠍ᛽಴

ࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ 20mL ߦࠕ࠮࠴࡞ࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ߒߡࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍᓧߡ‫࡞࠴࠮ࠕߦࠄߐޔ‬ൻ

150mg ࠍട߃ߡᠣᜈ‫ޔ‬25͠‫ޔ‬40͠‫ޔ‬80͠ߩߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ࠍ㉄࡞࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕޔ‬วᚑߔ

᧦ઙߢ 1 ᤨ㑆᡼⟎ߔࠆ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ๆశశᐲࠆ◲නߥᣇᴺࠍ⏕┙ߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ᴺߦࠃߞߡࠨ࡝࠴࡞㉄ࠍቯ㊂ߔࠆ‫⚿ޕ‬ᨐߪ
⴫ 3 ߩࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ‫ޕ‬ෳ⠨ᢥ₂࡮㩝㩢㩉㩧㨯㩘㩨㨼㩎㩨⪺,ਛ⷏㚅Ὼ߶߆⸶,“᦭ᯏൻቇ,⴫ 3㧚㨻㩈㩋㩣㩅㩢㩋㩣㉄(⹜⮎)ߩࠛ࠲ࡁ࡯࡞ṁᇦਅߢߩട᳓ಽ⸃

╙6᷷ᐲ 㪈࿁⋡ 㪉࿁⋡
㪉㪌㷄 㪄
㪇㪅㪉㪈
㪋㪇㷄 㪄
㪈㪅㪊㪎
㪏㪇㷄 㪈㪅㪎㪋 㪉㪅㪋㪈̍,᧲੩ൻቇหੱ, (1994), p981.

࡮ᄢ㒋Ꮢ┙ᄢቇℂቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ၮ␆ᢎ⢒ൻቇታ㛎㩂㩨㩣㨺㩖㩩✬,“ᡷ⸓ၮ␆ൻቇታ㛎”,߰ߊ

ࠈ߁಴ , (2010),p60~62.

⠨ኤ࡮㒙ධഞ৻߶߆✬,“ၮ␆↢ൻቇታ㛎ᴺ 2 ᛽ Ԙࠃࠅ‫࠴࡝ࠨ࡞࠴࠮ࠕࠄ߆ࡦ࡝ࡇࠬࠕޔ‬಴㨯ಽ㔌㨯♖⵾̍,ਣༀ,(1974),p67~68.

࡞㉄ࠍᓧࠆ㓙‫ޔ‬ട᳓ಽ⸃ࠍᛥ߃‫ޔ‬㜞࿁෼₸࡮ ᧻ ᧛ 㓉 , ⧎ ደ 㚌 ,“ ൻ ቇ ߣ ᢎ ⢒ ”,440,ߦන㔌ߔࠆߎߣߪน⢻ߢ޽ࠆߣಽ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬(1992),p702.
࡮ฝ↰ବᒾ,᳗੗ᵗ৻㇢⪺,“᦭ᯏ෻ᔕᯏ᭴”߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ԙࠃࠅ‫㉄ޔ‬ᕈ᧦ઙਅߢߪ᷷ᐲ߇

⵷⪇ᚱ(2000), p202~204.

㜞ߊ‫ޔ‬pH ߇ૐ޿߶ߤട᳓ಽ⸃߇ㅴߺᤃ޿ߣ
޿߁઒⺑ߪᬌ⸽ߐࠇ‫㉄ߩ࡞࠹ࠬࠛޔ‬ട᳓ಽྡᇛ኱Ꮫ㝃ᒓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㻌㟁☢ㄏᑟ࡟ࡼࡿேຊⓎ㟁࡜඘㟁ࡢ◊✲㻌
Human Power Generator and ChargerἙྜ㻌 ឡᐇ ሯᮏ㻌 ㈗ᩯ 㔝⏣㻌 ៅ୍㑻㻌
Abstract
We think that we can use a human power to generate. We have developed the generator whichshould not use both hands. The generator has been improving, more lighter and enhance efficiency.

せ⣙ᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡛ࡣ஝㟁ụࡀᡭ࡟ධࡽ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ஦ែࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛⮬ࡽࡢᡭ࡛㟁Ẽࢆసࡾࡔࡑ࠺
࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡍ࡛࡟ᦠᖏⓎ㟁ᶵࡸⓎ㟁ᶵ⬟௜ࡁ᠜୰㟁ⅉࡣᕷ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢከࡃࡣᡭᅇࡋᘧࡔࠋ
⚾ࡓࡕࡣࡑࢀ௨እࡢ᪉ἲ㸪᪥ᖖືస࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡋࡼ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ㟁☢ㄏᑟࢆ฼⏝ࡋ㸪᪥ࠎࡢ⏕άࡢືస࡛
☢▼ࢆ᣺ືࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ព㆑ࡏࡎ࡟Ⓨ㟁࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᑠᆺ࡛㸪࠿ࡘᡭ㊊࡟ࡘࡅ࡚ࡶ㑧㨱࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸
⿦⨨ࡢ〇స࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࠋ㻌㻌ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡜ᛮ࠸㸪ࡑࢀࢆ┠ⓗ࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࡳ㸪◊✲           ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ                    ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ᪥ࠎ㸪⮬↛⅏ᐖࡢᜍᛧ࡟ࡉࡽࡉࢀ࡚
 2011 ᖺᗘࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡛ 0.90V ⛬ᗘⓎ㟁ࡀࡍࡿ࠸ࡿࠋ2011 ᖺࡢᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡛ࡣ㸪ྛᆅ࡛೵㟁ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࢆᛂ⏝ࡋ᪥ᖖືసࡢ୍౛࡜
ࡀ㉳ࡁ㸪஝㟁ụࡀ㈙࠸༨ࡵࡽࢀ㸪㟁Ẽࡀᚲせ࡞ࡋ࡚㸪ࡈᖺ㓄ࡢ᪉ࡀ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᮫ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋ㸪ே࡟⾜ࡁᒆ࠿࡞࠸஦ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛௒ᚋࡇࡢ
ࠕࡘࡃࠖ࡜࠸࠺ືస࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ᮫
ࡼ࠺࡞஦ែࢆ⤯ᑐ࡟㉳ࡇࡉࡏࡎேࠎࡀᏳᚰࡋ࡚
ᆺࡢ⿦⨨ࢆ〇సࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㔜ࡃ㸪㟁ᅽࡶ 1.4V᪥ࠎࢆ㐣ࡈࡏࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ⿦⨨ࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠࡜࠶ࡲࡾ㧗ࡃ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ⓗ࡟㸪2011 ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽᮏ◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡓࠋ ௒㸪⚾ࡓࡕࡀ┠ᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࠕࣘࢽࢵࢺ ࡇࡢ◊✲ࢆጞࡵࡿ๓ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࢪ࣮ࣗ
ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࡢ〇సࡔࠋⓎ㟁ᶵࡸ඘㟁ᶵ⬟ࢆෆⶶࣝࢩ࣮ࣇ࡜࠸࠺᪼ᅽᅇ㊰ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡋࡓࡦ࡜ࡘࡢࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡛㸪ᵝࠎ࡞⏝㏵࡟ᛂ⏝࡛㟁Ẽ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ୍᪥ࡢ㛗ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢᅇ㊰ࡣ౑࠸ྂࡋ㟁ᅽࡢపୗࡋࡓ஝㟁ụ࠿ࡽ ౛࠼ࡤ࢔࣮࣒ࣂࣥࢻ࡟ෆⶶࡋ㸪ࣛࣥࢽࣥࢢ᫬
㟁ὶࢆྲྀࡾฟࡋ᪼ᅽࡋ෌ࡧ౑⏝࡛ࡁࡿ㟁ᅽࡲ࡛
࡟Ⓨ㟁ࡉࡏࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ఇ᠁᫬࡟ࡑࡢ㟁Ẽ࡛㏦㢼ᘬࡁୖࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ 0.60V ࡢ஝㟁ụ࠿ࡽᶵࢆື࠿ࡍ࡜࠸࠺ࠕ㟁Ẽࡢ⮬⤥⮬㊊࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ
㟁ὶࢆྲྀࡾฟࡋ 2.0V ࡟᪼ᅽࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡕࡻࡗ࡜ࡋࡓ஦࡞ࡽࡇࡢ⿦⨨࡛㛫࡟ྜ࠺ࡢ࡛⠇ࡑࡋ࡚⅏ᐖ᫬࡟࡛ࡶᡭ࡟ධࡿᮦᩱ࡛ࡇࡢᅇ㊰ࢆ㟁࡟ᙺ❧ࡘࠋ
ࡘࡃࡾ㸪᠜୰㟁ⅉࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ౑࠸ྂࡋ ࡇࡢࣘࢽࢵࢺࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ 2012 ᖺࡓ஝㟁ụ࡛Ⅼⅉࡍࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪㝈ࡽࢀࡓ㈨※ࢆᗘࡢึࡵࡣࡼࡾᑠࡉࡃ㍍ࡃ㸪㧗࠸㟁ᅽࢆⓎ㟁࡛ຠ⋡ⓗ࡟㸪࠿ࡘከࡃࡢேࠎ࡛ඹ᭷࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢࡔ
ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪⿦⨨ࢆᨵⰋࡋࡓࠋࢥ࢖ࣝࡸ☢▼࡟ࡗࡓࠋᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡛ࡣ஝㟁ụࡀᡭ࡟ධࡽ࡞ࡃ
ᕤኵࢆ㔜ࡡᐇ㦂ࢆ㔜ࡡ㸪3.85V Ⓨ㟁࡛ࡁࡿ⿦⨨࡞ࡿ஦ែࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛⮬ࡽࡢᡭ࡛㟁Ẽࢆࢆ〇సࡍࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
సࡾࡔࡑ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ ࡍ࡛࡟ᦠᖏⓎ㟁ᶵࡸⓎ㟁ᶵ⬟௜ࡁ᠜୰㟁ⅉࡣ             
ᕷ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡽࡢከࡃࡣᡭᅇࡋᘧࡔࠋ ࣭㖡⥺㸦0.30mm㸧 ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࡑࢀ௨እࡢ᪉ἲ㸪᪥ᖖືస࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡋ࣭඘㟁ụ㸦900mAh,1.2V㸧ࡼ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ᪥ࠎࡢ⏕άࡢ୰࡛ព㆑ࡏࡎ࡟Ⓨ࣭࢔ࢡࣜࣝ〇ࣃ࢖ࣉ ࣭ࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮
㟁࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᑠᆺ࡛㸪ᡭ㊊࡟ࡘࡅ࡚ࡶ㑧㨱࡟
࣭㟁ᅽィ
࣭㟁ὶィ
࡞ࡽ࡞࠸⿦⨨ࡢ〇స࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࠋ୓ṌィࡣṌ࠸ ࣭ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼ ࣭ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ᣺ືࢆឤ▱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ࣄࣥࢺࢆ

1.ືᶵཬࡧ┠ⓗ2.౑⏝ჾල࣭ᮦᩱ

ཷࡅ㸪Ṍ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ᣺ື࡛☢▼ࢆື࠿ࡋ㸪㟁☢
ㄏᑟ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ㟁ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ᛮ࠸ࡘ࠸ࡓࠋ 㟁ụ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡣᐇ࡟౽฼ࡔࠋᑠࡉࡃ㸪࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶ࡝ࡇ࡛ࡶ౑࠼㸪Ᏻᐃࡋࡓ㟁Ẽࡀᡭ࡟ධࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢ౽ᐅᛶࡣ஝㟁ụࡢ㈙༨ࡵ࡟㢧ⴭ࡟⌧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛⮬ᐙⓎ㟁࡛඘㟁ụࢆ඘㟁࡛ࡁࢀࡤ㸪᠜୰㟁ⅉࡸᦠᖏ㟁ヰࡢ඘㟁ᶵࢆ౑࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞

3.௬ㄝ

                    ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡼࡾ㧗࠸㟁ᅽࢆᚓࡿ᪉ἲ

࡜ࡋ࡚㸪௨ୗࡢ㸲Ⅼࢆ⪃࠼ࡓࠋ ௬ㄝ㸯 ☢▼㛫࡟㕲〇ࡢ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆᣳࡴࠋ ௬ㄝ㸰 ☢▼ࢆ☢ຊࡢᙉ࠸≀࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿ㸺ᐇ㦂 2㸼 ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼࡜ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࡢẚ㍑ ᪉ἲ  ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼ࢆ㸪4300G ࡢ☢ຊࡢᙉ࠸ࢿ
࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼࡟ධࢀ᥮࠼㸪ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ ௬ㄝ㸱 ࢥ࢖ࣝࡢᕳࡁ᪉࡟ᕤኵࢆ᪋ࡍࠋ ௬ㄝ㸲 ☢▼ࡢ㓄ิ᪉ἲࢆ୍᪂ࡍࡿࠋ ࠸ࡎࢀࡶᕤኵ࡟ࡼࡾ㟁ᅽࡀୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ ௬ㄝ㸯ࠥ㸲ࡢ᳨ドࡢࡓࡵ࡟㸪ḟࡢᐇ㦂㸯ࠥ㸲ࢆィ⏬ࡋࡓࠋ ౑⏝⿦⨨  ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨  ࢥ࢖ࣝ 900 ᕳࡁ 㸦150 ᕳࡁ㸨6 ẁ㸧

ᅗ 1 ࢥ࢖ࣝࢆᕳࡃ๓ࡢࣃ࢖ࣉ

4.ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ࣭⤖ᯝ                        ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ   ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒
ᅗ 2 ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨ࡢᴫせᅗ 4 ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼࡜ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࡢẚ㍑

㸺ᐇ㦂 1㸼 ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿ㟁ᅽࡢኚ໬ ᪉ἲ  ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼࡟㕲〇ࡢ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆᣳࡳ㸪☢▼ࡢಶᩘࢆኚ࠼Ⓨ㟁ࡋ㸪࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆᣳࢇ
࡛࠸࡞࠸☢▼࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ ౑⏝⿦⨨  ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨㸦ᅗ㸯㸪ᅗ㸰ཧ↷㸧  ࢥ࢖ࣝ 1200 ᕳࡁ㸦200 ᕳࡁ㸨6 ẁ㸧㸺ᐇ㦂 3㸼 ࢥ࢖ࣝࡢᕳࡃ᪉ྥ࡜㟁ᅽࡢ㛵ಀ ᪉ἲ  ࢔ࢡࣜࣝ〇ࡢࣃ࢖ࣉ࡟ 6 ࡘࡢ⁁ࢆ᥀ࡾ㸪1ẁ࠶ࡓࡾ 50 ᅇ㖡⥺ࢆᕳࡃࠋ
6 ẁ඲࡚ࢆྠࡌ᪉ྥ࡟ᕳ࠸ࡓࢥ࢖ࣝ(௨ୗ㸪༢୍᪉ྥᕳࡁ)࡜㸪1 ẁẖ࡟㖡⥺ࡢྥࡁࢆኚ࠼ࡓ
ࢥ࢖ࣝ(௨ୗ㸪஺஫ᕳࡁ)ࡢⓎ㟁㔞ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ㸦ᅗ㸳ཧ↷㸧

1
0.8

㟁ᅽ(V)

 ⤖ᯝ
  ᅗ 4 ࡼࡾ㸪ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡣ
0.40V㸪ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡣ 1.87VⓎ㟁࡛ࡁࡓࠋ  ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡋࡓሙྜ㸪ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ
☢▼࡜ẚ࡭ 4.68 ಸࡢ㟁ᅽ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

☢▼(ಶ)
ᅗ 3 ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࡢ᭷↓࡟ࡼࡿ㟁ᅽࡢኚ໬⤖ᯝ  ᅗ 3 ࡼࡾ㸪࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࡢ᭷↓࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎ
 8 ಶࡢ☢▼ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ᫬ࡢ㟁ᅽࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗࠿ࡗ ࡓࠋ඲యⓗ࡟ࠕ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ࡞ࡋࠖࡢ᪉ࡀ ࠕ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ࠶ࡾࠖࡢࡶࡢࡼࡾࡶ㟁ᅽࡀ㧗 ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ  ࠕ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ࠶ࡾࠖࡢሙྜࡢ᭱㧗 㟁ᅽࡣ 0.90V㸪࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ↓ࡋࡢሙྜࡢ᭱㧗㟁ᅽࡣ 0.75V ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅗ 5 ࢥ࢖ࣝࢆᕳࡃ᪉ྥࡢᶍᘧᅗ౑⏝⿦⨨  ࢥ࢖ࣝ 300 ᕳࡁ 㸦50 ᕳࡁ㸨6 ẁ㸧༢୍᪉ྥᕳࡁ  ஺஫ᕳࡁ
ᅗ 6 ࢥ࢖ࣝࡢᕳࡃ᪉ྥ࡜㟁ᅽࡢ㛵ಀ⤖ᯝ
ᅗ 6 ࡼࡾ㸪༢୍᪉ྥᕳࡁࡢࢥ࢖࡛ࣝ 0.27V㸪஺஫ᕳࡁࡢ ࢥ࢖࡛ࣝ 0.58V ࡜஺஫ᕳࡁ࡛ࡢ㟁ᅽࡀ㸪༢୍᪉ྥࡢࡶࡢࡼ
 ࡾ 2.15 ಸ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
㸺ᐇ㦂 4㸼 ☢▼ࡢྥࡁ࡜㟁ᅽࡢ㛵ಀ ᪉ἲ  ཯Ⓨࡉࡏࡎ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡆࡓࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼(௨ୗ㸪ࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢺ)࡜㸪SN㺃NS㺃SN㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃㺃࡜࠸࠺㢼࡟ࡘ࡞ࡆ㸪ࡡࡌ࡛ᅛᐃࡋࡓࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼(௨ୗ㸪SN ᑐྥ)ࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ㸵ཧ↷㸧ࠋࡑࢀࢆ༢
୍᪉ྥᕳࡁ࡟ࢥ࢖ࣝࢆᕳ࠸ࡓ࢔ࢡࣜࣝ〇ࣃ࢖ࣉࡢ୰࡟ධࢀ㸪Ⓨ㟁㔞ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ

ࢆ☢▼㛫࡟ᣳࢇࡔࡀ㸪㟁ᅽࡀపୗࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ
ࡇࢀࡣ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕࢆᣳࢇࡔࡇ࡜࡛☢▼㛫ࡢ㊥㞳ࡀᗈࡲࡾ㸪☢ຊ⥺ࡢ⤡ࡳྜ࠸ࡀᙅࡲࡗ࡚㸪☢ຊࡀᙅࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࡓࡵࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ
ࡢ᭷↓࡟㛵ಀ࡞ࡃ㸪ඹ࡟ 8 ಶ࡛㟁ᅽࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡣ☢▼ࡢ඲㛗ࡀࡕࡻ࠺࡝ࢥ࢖ࣝࢆ᏶඲࡟㏻㐣࡛ࡁࡿ㛗ࡉࡔࡗࡓⅭࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᐇ㦂㸰࡛ࡣ☢ຊࡀᙉ࠸࡯࡝Ⓨ㟁ࡢ㟁ᅽࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࣇ࢓ࣛࢹ࣮ࡢἲ๎
࠿ࡽண᝿࡛ࡁࡿ⤖ㄽ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ ᐇ㦂 3 ࡢࢥ࢖ࣝࡢṇ㏫ᕳࡁࡣࢥ࢖ࣝࡢྥࡁࡀ
⣽ษࢀ࡟ኚࢃࡿࡓࡵ㸪⣽࠿ࡃ㟁Ẽࡀ㉳ࡁ㸪㟁ᅽࡀୖ᪼ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᐇ㦂 4 ࡢ SN ᑐྥ࡛ࡣ㏻ᖖࡢ୪ࡧ᪉࡜ẚ࡭㸪☢
ຊ⥺ࡢ⤡ࡳ࡟ࡼࡿ☢ຊࡢୖ᪼ࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓⅭ㸪⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚㟁ᅽࡀୖࡀࡗࡓࠋ ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࣇ࢓ࣛࢹ࣮ࡢ㟁☢ㄏᑟࡢἲ๎࡜
ࣞࣥࢶࡢἲ๎࡟῝ࡃ㛵ࢃࡿࠋࣇ࢓ࣛࢹ࣮ࡢ㟁☢
ㄏᑟࡢἲ๎ࡣ☢▼ࡀࢥ࢖ࣝࢆ㏻㐣ࡍࡿ㏿ࡉ㸪ࢥ࢖ࣝࡢᕳࡁᩘ㸪☢ຊࡢᙉࡉ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㉳㟁ຊࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ࡜ SN ᑐྥࡢᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪ࡇࡢἲ๎࡟㉳ᅉࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᐇ㦂㸯ࠥ㸲ࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ௬ㄝ㸯ࠥ㸲ࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ⤖ㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ⥲ྜࡍࡿ࡜ࡼࡾຠ⋡ⓗ࡞Ⓨ㟁ࡢ᮲௳ࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࢆ〇సࡋ
ࡓࠋ

6.〇స

                   㸺〇స 1㸼 ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨࡜᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࡢẚ㍑



ᅗ 7 ☢▼ࡢྥࡁ౑⏝⿦⨨  ࢥ࢖ࣝ 300 ᕳࡁ 㸦50 ᕳࡁ㸨6 ẁ㸧ᅗ 10 ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨࡜᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࡢẚ㍑

᪉ἲ  ᐇ㦂 3 ࡛⤖ᯝࡀⰋ࠿ࡗࡓ஺஫ᕳࡁࡢࢥ࢖ࣝ࡜ ᐇ㦂 4 ࡛⤖ᯝࡀⰋ࠿ࡗࡓ SN ᑐྥ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒ ☢▼ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨࡜㸪᫖ᖺᗘ〇సࡋࡓ᮫ᆺࡢ⿦⨨࡟ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼ࢆධࢀࡓࡶࡢ㸪ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࢆධࢀࡓࡶࡢ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ㟁ᅽࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ

ࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢺ   SN ᑐྥᅗ 8 ☢▼ࡢྥࡁ࡜㟁ᅽࡢ㛵ಀ⤖ᯝ  ᅗ 8 ࡼࡾ㸪SN ᑐྥ࡛ 3.10V㸪ࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢺ࡛
1.00V Ⓨ㟁࡛ࡁࡓࠋࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢺ࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡋࡓሙྜࡼࡾ㸪SN ᑐྥ࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡋࡓሙྜࡢ᪉ࡀ 3 ಸ㸪㟁ᅽࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

5.⪃ᐹ                 ౑⏝⿦⨨                   ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨ ࢥ࢖ࣝ 1200 ᕳࡁ ᐇ㦂 1 ࡛ࡣ㸪㕲ⰺࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡜ࡋ࡚࣡ࢵࢩ࣮ࣕ       㸦200 ᕳࡁ㸨6 ẁ㸧  ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ ࢥ࢖ࣝ 800 ᕳࡁ       㸦200 ᕳࡁ㸨4 ẁ㸧⤖ᯝ  ᅗ 11 ࡼࡾ㸪30 ศ࡛㸪2 ᮏࡢ඘㟁ᘧ㟁ụࡀ‶ࢱࣥࡢ 2.5V ࡲ࡛඘㟁࡛ࡁࡓࠋ㸺〇స 3㸼 ࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ౑⏝⿦⨨  ࠸ࡲࡲ࡛࡟〇సࡋࡓ㸲✀㢮ࡢⓎ㟁⿦⨨㸦⾲㸯㸧࡟✀㢮ࡢ␗࡞ࡿࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮ࢆࡘ
࡞࠸࡛ 30 ᅇ᣺ࡗ࡚Ⓨ㟁ࡋࡓᚋ㸪ࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮࡟⵳࠼ࡽࢀࡓ㟁ᅽࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࠋࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ  ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒  ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ ⤖ᯝ  ᅗ 10 ࡼࡾ㸪᮫ᆺ⿦⨨࡟ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼ࢆධࢀࡓ≀ࡣ 0.670V㸪ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࢆධࢀࡓ≀ࡣ 1.30V㸪஺஫ᕳࡁࡢࢥ࢖ࣝ࡜ SN ᑐྥᅗ 10 ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨࡜᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࡢẚ㍑
ࡢࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࡣ
3.85V Ⓨ㟁࡛ࡁࡓࠋ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨㸦ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ㸧㸪᮫ᆺ⿦⨨㸦ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒㸧㸪᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࡢ㡰࡟㟁ᅽࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨࡜ࣇ࢙ࣛ࢖ࢺ☢▼࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡢ㟁ᅽࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ
ᅗ 10 ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨࡜᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࡢẚ㍑
࡜ 4 ಸ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ

ᅗ 12 ࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮᥋⥆᫬ࡢ㟁ᅽ㸺〇స 2㸼 ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡿ඘㟁ụࡢ඘㟁 ᪉ἲ  〇స 1 ࡛〇సࡋࡓ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ࢆ 2 ᮏࡢ༢ 3ᆺ඘㟁ụ㸦1.2V㸧࡟ࡘ࡞ࡂ㸪30 ศ㛫඘㟁ࡍࡿࠋ඘㟁๓࡜ 1 ศᚋ㸪3 ศᚋ㸪5 ศᚋ㸪10
ศᚋ㸪20 ศᚋ㸪30 ศᚋࡢ㟁ᅽࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࠋ⤖ᯝ ౑⏝⿦⨨

7.〇సᚋࡢ⪃ᐹ

3
2.5

㟁ᅽ(V)

2
1.5
1
0.5
0
3

5

10

20

                 ࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࢆ⏝࠸㸪SN ᴟࢆᑐྥࡉࡏࡿ
ࡇ࡜࡛☢▼ࡢ☢ຊࢆୖࡆ㸪ࢥ࢖ࣝࡢᕳࡁ᪉ࢆ
ᕤኵࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㟁ᅽࢆୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪᫖ᖺᗘࡢ᮫ᆺ⿦⨨ࡼࡾࡶᑠᆺ㸪㍍㔞࠿ࡘ㧗ᛶ⬟࡞Ⓨ㟁⿦⨨ࢆ〇సࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡢⓎ㟁⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛඘㟁ụࡢ඘㟁ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢ඘㟁ụࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚ LED ࢆⅬⅉࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ ไస 3 ࡛ࡣࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮࡜⿦⨨ࢆ᥋⥆ࡋ࡚⵳㟁ࢆ⾜࡞࠸㸪ࡼࡾ㧗࠸㟁ᅽ࡛Ⓨ㟁࡛ࡁࡓࠋ㟼㟁ᐜ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡜㟁Ẽࢆ⁀ࡵ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡋࡲ࠺
ࡓࡵᨺ㟁࡟᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡓࡵ㟁ᅽࡀపࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪㏫࡟㟼㟁ᐜ㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡣ▷᫬㛫࡛ᨺ㟁ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪๓⪅ࡼࡾ㟁ᅽࡀ㧗࠿ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋⓎ㟁ࡍࡿ㟁ᅽࡣⓎ㟁⿦⨨ࡢᛶ⬟࡟⏤᮶ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ᭷↓ࡸ㟼㟁ᐜ ᪂ᆺ⿦⨨ ࢥ࢖ࣝ 800 ᕳࡁ 㸦200 ᕳࡁ 4㸧

1

  ᅗ 12 ࡼࡾྠࡌ㟁ᅽࡢࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜ㸪㟁Ẽᐜ㔞ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡶࡢ࡯࡝ప࠸㟁ᅽ࡜ ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢥࣥࢹࣥࢧ࣮࡜ࡘ࡞࠸ࡔሙྜ㸪ࡶ
࡜ࡼࡾ 2㹼3 ಸ㧗࠸㟁ᅽ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

30

᫬㛫(min.)ᅗ 11 ඘㟁ụࡢ㟁ᅽኚ໬㔞➼ࡢࢫ࣌ࢵࢡ࡟㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㸪10V ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞㧗࠸㟁ᅽࢆⓎ㟁ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪ඖࡢ㟁ᅽࡀ㧗࠸⿦⨨ࢆ〇సࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

8.ᒎᮃ                                   ௒ᚋࡣࡉࡽ࡞ࡿᑠᆺ໬㺃㧗ᛶ⬟໬࡜ඹ࡟ࠕࣘ
ࢽࢵࢺࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋࡇࢀࡣᙜ
ึࡢ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸪ࠕ᪥ᖖືస࡛Ⓨ㟁ࡍࡿࠖࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡔࠋᡭࡢࡦࡽ࡟཰ࡲ
ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛㸪࢝ࣂࣥ࡟ධࢀࡓࡾ㸪ࣛࣥࢽࣥࢢ᫬࡟ᡭ㊊ࡸ⭜࡟ࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ⓨ㟁࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ᅗ 13 ࡣࠕࣘࢽࢵࢺࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࡢヨసᶵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋⓎ㟁ᶵ࡜ USB ࣏࣮ࢺࢆෆⶶࡍࡿࠋࣘࢽࢵ
ࢺࢆษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿ࡜ỗ⏝ᛶࡢ㧗࠸༢ 3 ࡸ༢㸲ᆺࡢ඘㟁ụ➼ࢆ඘㟁࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛㸪ྲྀࡾฟࡋ࡚᠜
୰㟁ⅉࡸᦠᖏࣛࢪ࢜࡞࡝࡟౑⏝࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡉࡽ
࡟㸪USB ➃Ꮚࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ࡞࡝ࡢ
඘㟁ࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࡇ࡜ࡀ᣺ࡿࡔࡅ
࡛ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࢧ࢖ࢬࡀᡭࡢࡦࡽ࡟࠾ࡉࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ
࡜࡜㸪⿦⨨࡟౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࢿ࢜ࢪ࣒☢▼ࡀேయࡸ࣮࣌ࢫ࣓࣮࣮࢝㸪IC ࣮࢝ࢻ➼࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࢆዴఱ࡟ࡋ࡚ゎỴࡍࡿ࠿ࡀ㸪௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ࡔࠋ

9.ㅰ㎡                                   ᮏ◊✲ࢆ⾜࠺࡟࠶ࡓࡾ㸪◊✲ࡸ〇స࡟ࡈ༠ຊࡃࡔࡉࡗࡓఀ⸨᠇ேඛ⏕㸪㧗ᮌᅧᙪඛ⏕࡟῝ㅰࡢពࢆ⏦ࡋୖࡆࡓࡃ㸪⡆⣲࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡍ
ࡀㅰ㎡࡟࠿࠼ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡍࠋ

10.ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩                                       ᯘᓮఙ୍㸪ᐩᕝ⩏ᮁ㸪㧗㔝๛ᾈ(2006) ࠕྠᴟ࣭㟁☢▼ࢆᑐྥ㓄⨨ࡋࡓᦠᖏ㟁☢Ⓨ㟁ࠖ ࠗ㟁☢ຊ㛵㐃ࡢࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢵࢡࢫࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࢘
࣒ㅮ₇ㄽᩥ㞟࠘18th(CD-ROM) B1A01

 ᒱ㜧┴❧ᜨ㑣㧗➼Ꮫᰯᐮኳࢆ⏝࠸ࡓⰍ⣲ቑឤᆺኴ㝧㟁ụThe efficiency of a dye-sensitized solar cell using iodine and agar solution⏣ᓮ⁞኱ ⇃㇂ග㉳ すᑿᣅ┿ 㰻⸨⩧ኴ

Abstract
We researched Dye-sensitized solar cells focused on potassium iodide electrolytic solution. We mixed it with agar andwaited for it to dry. Then we made electricity with it.
せ⣙㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ(ϫ)ࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࡍࡿⰍ⣲ቑឤᆺኴ㝧㟁ụ࡛㸪ḟୡ௦ࡢኴ㝧㟁ụ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ㸪㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺࡸⰍ⣲࡟ὀ┠ࡋ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞≀㉁ࡀฟຊࢆ㧗ࡵࡽࢀࡿ࠿㸪ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ࣚ࢘⣲㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮ࡟ὀ┠ࡋ㸪ᐮኳࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚㟁ゎᾮࢆᅛᙧ໬ࡋ㟁ゎᾮࢆ஝⇱ࡉࡏ㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡢኴ㝧㟁ụ࡜ẚ
㍑ࡋᐮኳ౑⏝ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
ࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ㸪ྍኚ᢬ᢠ㸪ࢫࢱ࣮࣮ࣛ

㸯ᗎㄽ


᪂࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡛ὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢࡢ୰࡟Ⰽ⣲ቑឤᆺኴ㝧㟁ụࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᚑ᮶ࡢࢩࣜࢥࣥᆺࡢኴ㝧㟁ụ࡜ẚ࡭࡚㸱◊✲࣭ᐇ㦂ࡢᡭ㡰ᐜ᫆࡟సᡂ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ≉ᚩࡢࡦ࡜ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪(1) 㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺࢆసࡿࠋ

Ⰽ⣲ኴ㝧㟁ụࡢไస᪉ἲࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࡼࡾձ⢊ᮎ≧ࡢ㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ 3g ࡜ pH3 ࡜◪㓟 7g ࡜࢔ࢭࡼ࠸Ⰽ⣲ኴ㝧㟁ụࡢไస࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢࢳࣝ࢔ࢭࢺࣥ㸯⁲ࢆங㖊࡟ධࢀ 30 ศΰࡐࡿࠋ

Ⰽ⣲ኴ㝧㟁ụࡣࠕ㛗ᣢࡕࡋ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ḞⅬࢆࡶࡘࠋ(2) ᑟ㟁ᛶ࢞ࣛࢫࡢὙί

ࡑࡇ࡛㸪⚾ࡓࡕࡢᆅඖࡢ≉⏘ရ࡛࠶ࡿᐮኳࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾ㸪Ⰽ⣲ኴ㝧㟁ụࢆࡼࡾ㛗ᣢࡕࡉࡏࡼ࠺࡜ヨձྎᡤ⏝Ὑ๣࡛ᑟ㟁㠃ࢆὙίࡍࡿࠋ

ࡳࡓࠋղ㸰̺ࣉࣟࣃࣀ࣮ࣝࢆධࢀࡓ㉸㡢ἼὙίჾ࡛㸱ศ㛫Ὑίࡍࡿࠋ㸰౑⏝ࡋࡓᮦᩱ࣭ჾල

ճ㸰̺ࣉࣟࣃࣀ̿ࣝࢆ᥹Ⓨࡉࡏ࢞ࣛࢫࢆ஝⇱ࡉࡏࡿࠋ࠙ᮦᩱࠚ㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ(ϫ)(⢊ᮎ≧)㸪㓟໬ࢫࢬ(ϫ)ࢆࢥ࣮ࢺࡋ

(3)࢞ࣛࢫ࡟࣮࣌ࢫࢺࢆሬᕸࡍࡿࠋ

ࡓᑟ㟁ᛶ࢞ࣛࢫᯈ(2.542.54㸧cm㸪pH3 ࡢ◪㓟㸪ձᑟ㟁㠃ࢆୖ࡟ࡋ࡚ࢭࣟࣁࣥࢸ࣮ࣉ࡛࣐ࢫ࢟ࣥࢢࡍ

⣧Ỉ㸪㸲B ࡢ㖄➹㸪ࣚ࢘໬≀㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮ㸪2-ࣉࣟࡿࠋ㸦㸱㎶ࡀ 3mm ࡎࡘ㸪㸯㎶ࡀ 6mm ᖜ࡟ࡋ࡚࣐ࢫ࢟

ࣃࣀ࣮ࣝ㸪࢔ࢭࢳࣝ࢔ࢭࢺࣥ㸪࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣈ࣮ࣝ㸪

ࣥࢢࡍࡿࠋ
㸧

࣮ࣟࢲ࣑ࣥ B㸪Ỉ㓟໬ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘㸪ሷ㓟㸪ࣁ࢖ࣅղሬᕸࡋࡓ㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺࡀࡴࡽ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ

ࢫ࢝ࢫ㸪ș-࢝ࣟࢸࣥ㸪࣐࣮ࣟࣈ࣮ࣝ㸦࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔

࠺࡟ὀពࡋ㸪࢞ࣛࢫᲬ࡛ᡭ๓࠿ࡽዟ࡬ᢲࡋฟࡋ࡚ሬࣥⰍ⣲㸧㸪ᐮኳ㸪ࣚ࢘⣲㸪ࣚ࢘໬࣒࢝ࣜ࢘

ᕸࡍࡿࠋ

࠙ჾලࠚ
ࢡࣜࢵࣉ㸪ࢭࣟࣁࣥࢸ࣮ࣉ㸪ග※㸦OHP㸧㸪࢞ࣛ(4)஝⇱࣭↝ᡂࢫᲬ㸪ங㖊㸪ஙᲬ㸪㟁Ẽ⅔㸪㉸㡢ἼὙίჾ, ࣐ࣝձሬᕸࡋ࡚ࡍࡄ࡟ࢸ࣮ࣉࢆࡣࡀࡋ㸪࠶ࡽ࠿ࡌࡵ

ࢳ࣓࣮ࢱ㸪㟁ὶィ㸪㟁ᅽィ㸪᳨ὶィ㸪ࣅ࣮࣮࢝㸪100Υ࡟タᐃࡋ࡚࠾࠸ࡓ㟁Ẽ⅔࡟ධࢀ㸪஝⇱ࡉࡏࡿࠋ࡛ᢳฟࡋ㸪ࡑࡢỈ⁐ᾮ࡟㸯᪥࢞ࣛࢫࢆᾐࡋࡓࠋ

ղ஝⇱ᚋ㸪450Υ࡟タᐃࡋ࡚࠾࠸ࡓูࡢ㟁Ẽ⅔࡟ධࢀ㸪㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 㟁ᅽ 0.22V   㟁ὶ 1.0mA

30 ศ↝ࡃࠋ

㸺⪃ᐹ㸼ࢡࣟࣟࣇ࢕ࣝࢆ྾╔ࡉࡏࡓࡶࡢ࡜㟁ᅽࡣ࡯ࡰྠࡌ

(5)Ⰽ⣲ࡢ྾╔ࡔࡗࡓࡀ㸪㟁ὶࡣ[ᐇ㦂 1]࡛ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ὶࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

ձⰍ⣲ࢆ㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ࡟྾╔ࡉࡏࡿࠋ[ᐇ㦂 1]࡛ࡣ᢬ᢠࡀ㧗ࡍࡂ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡇࢀࡼࡾୗࡣᐮኳࢆῧຍࡋࡓᐇ㦂᧯స࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
[ᐇ㦂 3] ࣁ࢖ࣅࢫ࢝ࢫࡢⰍ⣲ࢆ⁐࠿ࡋࡓ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐ(6)ᐮኳࢆࣚ࢘⣲㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮ࡟ຍ࠼㸪㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮࢆᅛࡵࡿࠋࡋࡓࠋ㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 㟁ᅽ 0.06V  㟁ὶ 0.025mA
㸺⪃ᐹ㸼

(7)⤌ࡳ❧࡚ձⰍ⣲ࢆ྾╔ࡉࡏࡓ㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ࢞ࣛࢫ࡜㸪4B 㖄➹࡛࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥࡣ㸪㈨ᩱ㸪ᩥ⊩࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪Ⰽ⣲ኴ㝧ᑟ㟁㠃ࢆሬࡾࡘࡪࡋࡓ㝧ᴟࢆྜࢃࡏࡿࠋ

㟁ụ࡟࠾࠸࡚௚ࡢⰍ⣲࡜ẚ࡭㸪Ⰻ࠸Ⓨ㟁ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓ

ղ㝽㛫࡟ᐮኳࢆຍ࠼ࡓࣚ࢘⣲㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮࢆධࢀ㸪ࢡࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾⰋ࠸ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓ

ࣜࢵࣉ࡛ᣳࡴࠋ

ࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࡞ࢇࡽ࠿ࡢ᮲௳ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤖ᯝࡀኚࢃࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

(8)㟁ὶ࣭㟁ᅽࡢィOHP(࣮࢜ࣂ࣮࣊ࢵࢻࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢱ࣮)ࢆග※࡜ࡋ㸪࣐ࣝࢳ࣓࣮ࢱ࣮ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚㟁ὶ࣭㟁ᅽࢆィ ࡍࡿࠋ㸺⿵㊊㸼㸨ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᐇ㦂࡛౑ࡗࡓග※ࡢ OHP ࡣኴ㝧࡜࡯ࡰྠࡌ᫂ࡿࡉࡢ 54000 ࣝࢡࢫ࡟タᐃࡋࡓࠋ㸨㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺࡣ㸪௨๓࣮࣌ࢫࢺࢆኚ࠼ࡿᐇ㦂ࢆࡋ࡚ࡼ࠸⤖ᯝࢆฟࡋࡓ㸪㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ㸱㹥㸪◪㓟㸵[ᐇ㦂 3]ࡢ࢞ࣛࢫ

㹥㸪࢔ࢭࢳࣝ࢔ࢭࢺࣥ 1 ⁲ࢆᮦᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚సᡂࡋࡓࡶ

㸦㸰㸧࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥࡣỈ⣲࢖࢜ࣥ⃰ᗘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ⰽࡀኚ

ࡢࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋ

໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ὀ┠ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛㸪Ⰽࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ㸨㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡢᐇ㦂ࡣ㸪๓ᅇᥦฟࡢ

㟁ࡢ⤖ᯝࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ኚࢃࡿ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪Ⰽ⣲ࡢㄽᩥࢆཧ↷ࠋ

㟷Ⰽࡀሷ㓟࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㉥Ⰽ㸪Ỉ㓟໬ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘࡟ࡼࡗ࡚

㸨ᐇ㦂 9 ࡲ࡛ࡢ㟁ὶ㸪㟁ᅽࡢ್ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ▷⤡㟁ὶ㸪㯤Ⰽ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿࠋ

㛤ᨺ㟁ᅽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
[ᐇ㦂 4] 0.1mol/L ࡢሷ㓟࡟࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥࢆ⁐࠿ࡋ㸲 ᐇ㦂㸦ϸ㸧ࡓ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡋࡓࠋ

㸦㸯㸧ࢡࣟࣟࣇ࢕ࣝ㸪ࣁ࢖ࣅࢫ࢝ࢫ㸪࣐࣮ࣟࣈ࣮ࣝࡢ

㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 㟁ᅽ 0.21V   㟁ὶ 0.014mA      ࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥⰍ⣲ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ[ᐇ㦂 1] ࢡࣟࣟࣇ࢕ࣝ㸦ᱜࡢⴥࢆ࢔ࢭࢺ࡛ࣥᢳฟ
ࡋࡓࡶࡢ㸧ࢆ྾╔ࡉࡏࡓࠋ㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 㟁ᅽ 0.20V   㟁ὶ 0.0mA[ᐇ㦂 2] ࣐࣮ࣟࣈ࣮ࣝࢆ౑࠸࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥࢆ⣧Ỉ[ᐇ㦂 5] ࡢ࢞ࣛࢫࡽࡍ࡜࣮ࣟࢲ࣑ࣥ B ࡀỈ࡟⁐ࡅ࡚ࡔࡋ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ

[ᐇ㦂 5] 0.1mol/L ࡢỈ㓟໬ࢼࢺ࣒ࣜ࢘Ỉ⁐ᾮ࡟࢔ࣚ࢘໬≀㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮ࡟ࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟⁐ࡅ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ

ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥࢆ⁐࠿ࡋࡓ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡋࡓࠋ
㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 㟁ᅽ 0.19V  㟁ὶ 0.015mA  㸺⪃ᐹ㸼㸺⪃ᐹ[ᐇ㦂 4][ᐇ㦂 5]㸼

 ࣮ࣟࢲ࣑ࣥ B ࡶ㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ࡟྾╔ࡏࡎỈ࡟ὶࢀ࡚ࡋ

⣧Ỉ㸪ሷ㓟㸪Ỉ㓟໬ࢼࢺ࣒࡛ࣜ࢘ࡣࡑࢀ࡯࡝⤖ᯝ࡟ࡲࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪[ᐇ㦂 6]ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟Ỉ⁐ᛶࡢⰍ⣲ᕪࡀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡼࡗ࡚㸪࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥࡣ྾╔᫬ࡢỈࡣ㸪Ⰽ⣲ኴ㝧㟁ụ࡟ྥ࠿࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

⣲࢖࢜ࣥ⃰ᗘࡣⓎ㟁㔞࡟㛵ಀࡀ࡞࠸࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
[ᐇ㦂 6] ࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣈ࣮ࣝỈ⁐ᾮ࡟୍ᬌᾐࡋ㸪྾╔ࡉࡏࡓࠋ㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 㟁ᅽ 0.02V  㟁ὶ 0.0mA㸺⪃ᐹ㸼ࣚ࢘໬≀㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮࢆ࢞ࣛࢫࡢ㛫࡟ධࢀࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪Ỉ࡟⁐ࡅⰍⴠࡕࡋࡓ࣮ࣟࢲ࣑ࣥ B࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣈ࣮ࣝࡀ⁐ࡅฟࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸㸪Ⓨ㟁ࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝
࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣈ࣮ࣝࡢࡼ࠺࡞
Ỉ⁐ᛶࡢⰍ⣲࡟ࡣ㸪Ⰽ⣲ኴ㝧㟁ụ࡟౑࠼࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡀ

[ᐇ㦂 8㸦Ϩ㸧]ș-࢝ࣟࢸࣥ㸦Ỉ⁐ᛶ࡛࡞࠸㸧ࢆ࣊࢟ࢧࣥ࡟⁐࠿ࡋ㸪྾╔ࡉࡏࡓࠋ

࠶ࡿ࡜ศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

㸺⤖ᯝ㸼 㟁ᅽ 0.30V   㟁ὶ⁐ ᚤᙅ      ș-࢝ࣟࢸࣥࡣࣚ࢘⣲㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮ࡟⁐ࡅࡎ㸪Ⰽⴠࡕࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓⓎ㟁ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡑࡋ
࡚௒ࡲ࡛ࡢᐇ㦂ࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸㛤ᨺ㟁ᅽࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࠋ[ᐇ㦂 8㸦ϩ㸧]࢖ࣥࢪࢦ㸦Ỉ⁐ᛶ࡛࡞࠸㸧ࢆ྾╔ࡉࡏࡓࠋ⁐ࡅฟࡓ࣓ࢳࣞࣥࣈࣝ㸫㸺⤖ᯝ㸼㸦㸱㸧[ᐇ㦂 6]ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺ࡟྾╔ࡉࡏ࠺ࡲࡃ྾╔ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎỈ࡛ὶࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ

ࡓⰍ⣲ࡀ㸪ࣚ࢘໬≀㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮ࡟⁐ࡅฟࡋⰍⴠࡕࡋ࡚

㸺⪃ᐹ[ᐇ㦂 7][ᐇ㦂 8]㸼

ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺࡢ≧ែࡸ㸪௚ࡢⰍ⣲ࡢሙྜࢆ⪃࠼ࡑࡇ࡛௒ᅇࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⰽ⣲ࡀ㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌

ࢀࡤ୍ᴫ࡟Ỉ⁐ᛶࡢⰍ⣲ࡀ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ࡶゝ࠸ษࢀࢫࢺ࡟྾╔ࡋ㸪ࣚ࢘໬≀㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮ࡟⁐ࡅฟࡉ࡞࠸࠿

࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪Ỉ⁐ᛶ࡛࡞࠸Ⰽ⣲ࡀ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡶ࠸࠼

ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ࡞࠸ࠋࡔࡀ㸪Ⰽ⣲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㐺ṇࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

[ᐇ㦂 7] ᑟ㟁ᛶ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࢞ࣛࢫᯈ࡟㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ࣌
࣮ࢫࢺࢆ↝ᡂࡋ㸪Ⰽ⣲ࡢ྾╔ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࢞ࣛࢫ
ᯈ࡟㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺࢆሬᕸࡋ↝ᡂࡋࡓࡶࡢࢆ㸪࣮ࣟࢲ࣑ࣥ B Ỉ⁐ᾮ࡟ᾐࡋ྾╔ࡉࡏࡓࠋ㸺⤖ᯝ㸼㓟໬ࢳࢱ࣮ࣥ࣌ࢫࢺ࡟྾╔ࡋࡓࡀ㸪࢞ࣛࢫࡢ⿬㠃࡟࢖ࣥࢪࢦࡢ྾╔ᐇ㦂ࡣ࣮ࣟࢲ࣑ࣥ B ࡢⰍࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪Ỉࢆᆶ㛤ᨺ㟁ᅽ㸦㹇㹑㹁㸧㸹ࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪ኴ㝧㟁ụ࡟┤᥋㟁ᅽ㸺ࡲ࡜ࡵ㸼ィࢆࡘ࡞ࡂィ ࡋࡓ್࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

[ᐇ㦂 6][ᐇ㦂 7][ᐇ㦂 8]ࡼࡾỈ⁐ᛶࡢⰍ⣲ࡢ୰࡟ࡣ㸪㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥ࡟྾╔ࡉࡏ࡚ࡶⰍⴠࡕࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶

▷⤡㟁ὶ㸦㹔㹍㹁㸧㸹㟁ᅽࡀ 0㹔ࡢ࡜ࡁࡢ್ࠋ

ࡾ㸪Ⰽ⣲㝧㟁ụ࡟ࡣྥ࠿࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡋ㸪࢔ͤ㛤ᨺ㟁ᅽ㸪▷⤡㟁ὶ㸪࡜ࡶ࡟㟁ὶ㸪㟁ᅽ࡞᭱኱್ࡢ

ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥⰍ⣲ࡣỈ⁐ᛶࡢⰍ⣲࡛࠶ࡿ࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㸪ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

Ⰽ⣲ࡀⴠࡕ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪Ỉ⁐ᛶࡢⰍ⣲ࡢࡍ࡭࡚ฟຊ㸹ୗᅗ㯤Ⰽ㒊ศࡀฟຊࡀⰍ⣲ኴ㝧㟁ụ࡟ྥ࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓ㸪࢔ࣥࢺࢩ࢔ࣥࡣỈ⣲࢖࢜ࣥ⃰ᗘ࡛Ⰽࡀኚࢃࡿࡀ㸪Ⰽࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㸪Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ㟁ᅽ࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᕪࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

ฟຊࡲࡓ㸪Ỉ⁐ᛶࡢⰍ⣲㸪ࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸Ⰽ⣲ࡢ྾╔࡟ὀ┠ࡋࡓࠋࡍࡿ࡜㸪Ỉ⁐ᛶ࡛࡞࠸ș-࢝ࣟࢸࣥ࡟ࡼࡿⰍ⣲ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡀ㸪Ⰻ࠸Ⓨ㟁⤖ᯝࢆᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋࡔࡀỈ⁐ᛶ࡛࡞࠸Ⰽ⣲㸦࢖ࣥࢪࢦ࡞࡝㸧ࡸ㸪㓟໬ࢳࢱࣥࡢ᮲
௳࡟ࡼࡗ࡚྾╔⤖ᯝࡣᕥྑࡉࢀࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪Ỉ(Ϩ)సᡂ┤ᚋ                         ⁐ᛶ࠿ࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸Ⰽ⣲ࡢ㐺ṇࡣࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ       㸳 ᐇ㦂㸦Ϲ㸧㟁ゎ㉁⁐ᾮࢆ㛗᫬㛫ಖᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㟁ụࢆ㛗ᣢࡕࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ㸪ᐮኳࢆຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࡓࠋᐮኳࡢຍ࠼ࡿ
㔞ࢆ 0.2g㸪0.4g0.6g㸪0.8g ࡜ࡋ㸪ኴ㝧㟁ụసᡂ┤ᚋ㸪㸯㐌㛫ᚋࡢ㟁ὶ㸪㟁ᅽࡢ್ࢆィ ࡋࡓࠋ࡞࠾㸪㏻ᖖᐮ
ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝        ኳࡣỈ࡜ 100㸸1 ࡢ๭ྜ࡛ᅛࡲࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡢ๭ྜ㸦0.1g㸧
࡛ࡣᅛࡲࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᐮኳࢆ 2 ಸࡢ 0.2 g ࠿ࡽຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ ᐃࡣ 1 ᪥ࡈ࡜࡟⾜ࡗࡓࠋ[௬ㄝ]
㟁ゎᾮ࡬ຍ࠼ࡿᐮኳࡢ㔞ࢆቑࡸࡍ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡼࡾࡶฟຊࢆ㸪㛗࠸᪥ᩘ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚㸪ᐮኳῧຍ           0.2g ῧຍ     ࡋࡓኴ㝧㟁ụࡢฟຊࡣ㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡢࡶࡢࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ                   ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡋࡓࠋ                        ௨ୗࡣ ᐃ᪥ู㸪ᐮኳࡢῧຍ㔞ูࡢⓎ㟁⤖ᯝࡢࢢࣛ    ࣇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾㸪సᡂ┤ᚋ࠿ࡽ 1 㐌㛫್ࢆ࡜ࡾ⥆ࡅࡓࠋ(4㸪5᪥┠ࡣᮍ ᐃ)ࡲࡓ㸪ኴ㝧㟁ụࡢ࿧ࡧ᪉ࡣ㸪౛࠼ࡤ㸪0.2
㹥ᐮኳࢆຍ࠼ࡓࡶࡢ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪0.2㹥ῧຍ࡜࿧ࡪࡇ࡜࡟ࡍ
ࡿࠋ

0.4g ῧຍ

㸺⏝ㄒ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸼                                                           
0.4g ῧຍ

0.6g ῧຍ                                                                       
0.6g ῧຍ

0.8g ῧຍ
ͤ㟁ὶ̿㟁ᅽ᭤⥺ࡣྍኚ᢬ᢠࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ୖࡢࢢࣛࣇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ྑୗࡀࡾࡢ᭤⥺ࢆᥥࡃࠋࡇࡢࢢࣛࣇ
ࡼࡾ㸪ண᝿࡜␗࡞ࡾ㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡀ 0.8g ῧຍࢆ㝖ࡁ㸪0.2㹥ῧຍ㸪0.4㹥ῧຍ㸪0.6㹥ῧຍࡢฟຊࢆ
ୖᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

0.8g ῧຍ(ϩ)2 ᪥┠                  ͤ඲యⓗ࡟ฟຊࡀపୗࡋࡓࠋ≉࡟㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝࡜ 0.4
㹥ῧຍࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡢฟຊࡢపୗࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪0.4
㹥ῧຍࢆῧຍࡋࡓኴ㝧㟁ụࡢฟຊࡣ࠸ࡎࢀࡶᐮኳᮍ౑
⏝ࡢࡶࡢࢆୖᅇࡗࡓࠋ(Ϫ)3 ᪥┠ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡣ㸪್ࡀᑠࡉࡍࡂ࡚㸪௨ୗࡢ್ࡢࡳࢆ♧ࡋ
ࡓࠋ

ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝

㟁ᅽ 㻜㻚㻝㻔䡉䠲㻕㻌㟁ὶ 㻜㻔䡉䠝㻕㻌                                  
0.2㹥ῧຍ

0.2㹥ῧຍ                  
0.4㹥ῧຍ                      

0.2㹥ῧຍ      

0.6㹥ῧຍ        0.4㹥ῧຍ

0.8㹥ῧຍ

0.6㹥ῧຍ

ͤᐮኳᮍ౑⏝㸪0.4 ῧຍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪㟁ᅽࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡀ㸪㟁ὶࡣィ ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋⰍ⣲ࡢᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶྠࡌ⌧㇟ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡀ㸪ࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡶྠࡌ⌧㇟ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓ࡜              ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ (ϫ)6 ᪥┠ 0.8㹥ῧຍͤᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ 0.8㹥㸪
0.6㹥ῧຍࢆ㝖ࡁỈᖹ࡞┤⥺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋᐮኳᮍ౑⏝         ͤỈᖹ┤⥺ࡢࢢࣛࣇࡔࡗࡓࡶࡢࡀྑୗࡀࡾ┤⥺㸪᭤⥺(Ϭ)7 ᪥┠࡟ኚ໬ࡋࡓࠋ㸴 ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ[⤖ᯝ]㸯㐌㛫ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸪ࡍ࡭࡚ࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡢฟຊࡣῶᑡࡋ
ࡓࠋ㛤ᨺ㟁ᅽ࡟ὀ┠ࡍࡿ࡜㸪0.2㹥ῧຍ㸪0.8㹥ῧຍࡢ್     ࡀ 1 㐌㛫ᚋ࡟㸪సᡂ┤ᚋ࡟ቑຍࡋࡓࠋ
ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝               ඲యࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸪0.8㹥ῧຍࡢࢢࣛࣇࡣ㸪ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ       ࢆ♧ࡋ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋࡑࡢ௚ࡢᐮኳῧຍ㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡢࢢࣛࣇࡣ┤⥺ᆺ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡾ㸪᭤⥺࡟ᡠࡗࡓࡾࡋᏳᐃࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࠋ[⪃ᐹ]඲య࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ฟຊࡣῶᑡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ᐮኳῧຍࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡣᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡼࡾࡶ
1 㐌㛫ᚋ࡟
0㧗࠸ฟຊࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ㸪ᐮኳࡢᵓ㐀ࡣࢪࣕࣥࢢࣝ         0.2㹥ῧຍࡢࡼ࠺࡟࠿ࡽࡳ࠶ࡗࡓᵓ㐀ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡇࡇ࡟Ỉศࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㸪஝⇱ࡋ࡟ࡃࡃ࡞ࡾ㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡢኴ㝧㟁ụࡼࡾࡶ㛗ᣢࡕࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓ㸪ᐮኳࡢࢪࣕࣥࢢࣝࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᵓ㐀࡟ࣚ࢘⣲ࡀከࡃྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀ㸪ᐮኳᮍ౑⏝ࡼࡾࡶࣚ࢘໬≀࢖࢜ࣥࡀቑ
ຍࡋࡓ࡜ࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
7 ᪥┠ࡢ ᐃ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪኱ࡁࡃฟຊࡀቑຍࡋࡓ 0.2㹥         0.4㹥ῧຍῧຍ㸪2 ᪥┠࡛▷⤡㟁ὶࡢ್ࡀቑຍࡋࡓ 0.6㹥ῧຍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣཎᅉࡀࢃ࠿ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ⪃៖ࡋ࡞࠸࡛ࢢࣛࣇࡢᙧࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡿ࡜㸪0.2㹥ῧຍࡣึࡵࡇࡑฟຊࡀ኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢ㸪ࡑࡢᚋ㸪ࢢࣛࣇࡣỈᖹ┤⥺ࢆᥥࡁ㸪0.4㹥ῧຍࡣ 0.2㹥ῧຍ࡜ྠࡌഴྥࡀࡳ
ࡽࢀࡿࠋ0.6㹥ῧຍࡣ඲యࢆ㏻ࡋ㸪ྑୗࡀࡾࡢ┤⥺ࢆᥥࡁ㸪0.8㹥ῧຍࡣྑୗࡀࡾࡢ᭤⥺ࢆᥥࡃࠋ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᐮኳࡢῧຍ㔞࡟ࡼࡾᐮኳࡢᵓ㐀࡟         0.6㹥ῧຍఱࡽ࠿ࡢኚ໬ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡓࡵ㸪ᵓ㐀ࡢኚ໬ࡀ㟁ὶ࣭㟁ᅽࡢ ᐃ್࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ḟࡢࡼ࠺࡟⪃࠼ࡓࠋ0.2㹥ῧຍ㸪0.4㹥ῧຍࡣ඲యࢆ㏻ࡋྠࡌỈᖹ┤⥺ࢆᥥࡃࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ྠࡌᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑ
ࡋ࡚㸪0.6㹥ῧຍ㸪0.8㹥ῧຍࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀูࡢᵓ㐀ࢆࡶࡘࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪0.2㹥ῧຍ㸪࡜ 0.4
㹥ῧຍࡣฟຊࡢᕪࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪0.2㹥ῧຍࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ㸪ฟຊࡀ         0.8㹥ῧຍ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪0.2㹥ῧຍ࡜ 0.4㹥ῧຍࡣᵓ㐀ࡢ㐪࠸࣭ࢣࢽࢫᰴᘧ఍♫ࢼࣀࢡࣜࢫࢱࣝኴ㝧㟁ụ࢟ࢵࢺࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ

࣭ᡭసࡾኴ㝧㟁ụࡢࡍ࡭࡚ Ⰽ⣲ቑឤኴ㝧㟁ụࢆస௨ୗ࡟㟁ụసᡂ┤ᚋ࡜୍㐌㛫⤒㐣ᚋࡢᐮኳῧຍ㔞࡜ࢁ࠺ ⱝ⊃ಙḟ ⴭ㛤ᨺ㟁ᅽ࠾ࡼࡧ▷⤡㟁ὶࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࢢࣛࣇࢆ♧ࡍࠋ࣭㐍໬ࡍࡿ㟁ụࡢ௙⤌ࡳ ஝㟁ụ࠿ࡽᮍ᮶ᆺኴ㝧㟁ụࡲ࡛ ⟪ᾆ⚽ᶞ ⴭ᧏્ᩓ‫ן‬ỉኽௐᵏᵌᵒჺዂᩓ්ỉኽௐ

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[ࡲ࡜ࡵ]
ᐮኳࡢῧຍ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኴ㝧㟁ụࢆ㛗ᣢࡕࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ
ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ㸪ᐮኳࡢῧຍ㔞ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡾ㸪Ⓨ㟁ฟຊࡀኚࢃࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ᐮኳ࡟ఱࡽ࠿ࡢኚ໬ࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ㸵 ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ᐮኳࡢῧຍ㔞࡜ࡑࡢᵓ㐀ࡢ㐪࠸ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪Ⓨ㟁㔞ࡢ㐪࠸࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸶 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩࡞࡝                   
http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5990-4428
JAJP.pdf㸦࢔ࢪࣞࣥࢺ࣭ࢸࢡࣀࣟࢪ࣮㸧 ᒱ 㜧 ㎰ ᯘ 㧗 ᰯ ࡑ ࡢ 㸯 㣫ᩱ⡿ࢆ⤥୚ࡋࡓ㭜༸ࡢ༸㯤Ⰽᨵၿࡢࡓࡵࡢᰠ⓶ά⏝
Use of persimmon peel for improvem ent of egg yolk color were fed the rice dietື≀⛉Ꮫ⛉ ᪩℩░⏣ཱྀ▱⨾ ℧᪥᱈ⰼ すཎ཭⣖ዉ ஭ୖ⳯ṌAb stract
By giving chick en rice feed that is the current focus, it is possible to suppress theconsum ption of feed corn im ports, reduce CO2 production of eggs safe and secure,
im provem ent of food self-sufficienc y rate, and safety check s by local production for local
consum ption, paddy efforts were m ade to achieve this can be of functional m aintenance andpreservation of the natural environm ent.
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ᑐ↷༊

㣫ᩱ⡿㻌

㣫 ᩱ ⡿ 䠇 ᰠ ⓶ 㻡㻑 㻌䢀䡯 䢏䢗䡶䡸㻞㻘㻥 㻠㻞 㻌㻞㻘㻥 㻠㻞 㻌㻞㻘㻤 㻡㻜㻌 㻝㻣 㻌㻌 㻌 㻝㻣㻌 㻌

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 ᒱ 㜧 ㎰ ᯘ 㧗 ᰯ ࡑ ࡢ 㸰 ⮬↛㇏࠿࡞ᆅ⌫ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚㹼✺↛ኚ␗࡟ࡼࡾ◁₍ࢆ⥳໬ࡍࡿ᳜≀ࡢసฟ㹼For the natural rich earth ~M utation w ill make green plants in the desert. ~⏕ ≀ ᕤ Ꮫ ⛉  ᕝ ཱྀ ⯟ ᖹ  ᑠ ᳃ ⿱ ᘺ Ab stract
We tried to m ake m utation in m orning glory. As a result, the m utation appeared b yirradiation of UV light, and the colchicine treatm ent. However, under the other conditions,morning glor y could not easily be m utated. W e will continue the study of m utations.
ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ேⅭⓗ࡞✺↛ኚ␗ࢆ㉳ࡇࡋ࡚᳜≀ࡢရ✀ᨵ Ⰻ ࡸ 㧗 ࣭஝ ⇱ ࡟ ⪏ ᛶ ࡢ ࠶ ࡿ ᳜ ≀ ࡢ స ฟ ࢆࡋ ࡼ ࠺ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡓ ࠋ௒ ᅇ ࡢ ◊ ✲ ࡣ ࠊ࢔ ࢧ ࢞ ࢜ ౑ࡗ࡚ࠊ ᗘ࣭㔜ຊ➼ࡢኚ␗ཎ࡟ࡼࡾ✺↛ኚ␗ㄏ Ⓨ ᐇ 㦂 ࢆ ࡋ ࠊⓎ ⱆ ⋡ ࠊᙧ ㉁ ࡢ ኚ ␗ ࢆ ㄪ ࡭ ࡓ ࠋᐇ 㦂  ⣸ እ ⥺ ࡟ ࡼ ࡿ ✺ ↛ ኚ ␗ ㄏ Ⓨ ⣸ እ ⥺ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ Ⓨ ⱆ ✀ Ꮚ ࡟ 㹼  ศ ࡲ ࡛ ศ 㛫 㝸 ࡛  ੉ ࡢ ㊥ 㞳 ࠿ ࡽ ⣸ እ ⥺ ࢆ ↷ ᑕ ࠋ ⤖ᯝ㻌㻟㻜 ศ 㻌㻢㻜 ศ 㻌㻥㻜 ศ㻝㻞㻜 ศ 㻌㻝㻡㻜 ศ 㻌

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 ฎ ⌮ ༊ ࡛ ࡣ ⰼែࡀฟ⌧ࡋࡓ
᯶࠿ࡽⰼࡀဏ࠸ࡓ
࠙⪃ᐹࠚ ࠊฎ ⌮ ༊ ࡜ ࡶ ᙧ ែ ࡸ ⰼ ᙧ ࡟ ኚ ␗ ࡀࡋ ࡓ ฟ ⌧ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࠿ ࡽ ࠊࢥ ࣝ ࣄ ࢳ ࣥ ฎ ⌮ ࡣ ✺↛ኚ␗ࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࣭ ヨ 㦂 ಶ య ᩘ ࢆ ቑ ࡸ ࡋ ᐇ 㦂 ࡍ ࡿ ᚲ せ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ࣭㔜࢖࢜ࣥࣅ࣮࣒ࡸ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺࡟ᣮᡓࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

 ᒱ 㜧 ㎰ ᯘ 㧗 ᰯ ࡑ ࡢ 㸱 ࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢺࡢ༢㞳࡜᪂ရ✀ࡢసฟThe isolation of the Protoplast and fabrication of a current cultivar⏕ ≀ ᕤ Ꮫ ⛉  㛗 㔝 ṇ ኴ  ᓥ 㔝 ᗈ ஓ  ኱ 㔝 ㄹ ௓  ⏣ ୰ ᑑ ᶞ 
Ab stract
We have tak en m uch notice of the im provement of species of the rose with cell fusion
method㸬W e have succeeded in the isolation and the fusion by repeating these experim ents㸬
We have perform ed the protoplast cultuve aiming at the im provem ent of species㸬 W e will
reexam ine the experim ent m ethod from the result of the failures of the regeneration of plants㸬ղ㟁Ẽ⼥ྜ⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡾࣃ࣮ࣝࢳ࢙࣮ࣥࢆㄏ
ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ᑟࡋࠊࣃࣝࢫࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚⼥ྜࠋ య ⣽ ⬊ 㞧 ✀ ࢆ స ฟ ࡋ ࠊᙧ ㉁ ࡢ ⤌ ྜ ࢃ ࡏ ࡸ Ⓨ࠙⤖ᯝࠚ⌧ ࡟ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࠊ᝿ ᐃ እ ࡢ ಶ య ࡀ ⌧ ࢀ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ᮇ ࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ⃰ ᗘ ࢆ A ಶ ࠊ 㹼ᚅ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ᪂ ရ ✀ ࡢ స ฟ ࢆ ┠ ᣦ
9 ࡢ ᮲ ௳ ୗ ࡛ ࣃ ࣮ ࣝ ࢳ ࢙ ࣮ ࣥ ࡀ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ࡋ⣽⬊⼥ྜ࡟╔┠ࡋࡓࠋࡀ ࢃ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ 㟁 ᅽ 9ࠊ  ᅇ ࣃ ࣝ ࢫ ࡢ ሙ ྜ ࠊᐇ 㦂  ࣂ ࣛ ᳜ ≀ ∦ ࠿ ࡽ ࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ༢ 㞳  ࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ࢆ ⼥ ྜ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡟ ᡂ ຌ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ

࠙┠ⓗࠚ

ࣂࣛࡢ⣽⬊⼥ྜࡢࡓࡵ࡟ⴥ࡜ⰼᘚࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢆ༢㞳ࡋᙧ≧ࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋ
࠙ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࠚ
ձ࣓ࢫ࡛⣽࠿ࡃ้ࡳࢩ࣮ࣕࣞ࡟ධࢀὙίࡋᚋ 㓝 ⣲ ฎ ⌮ ࠋ ᫬ 㛫 ᚋ ࢼ ࢖ ࣟ ࣥ ࣓ ࢵ ࢩ ࣗ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ṧࡉࢆࡇࡍࠋࣃ ࣮ ࣝ ࢳ ࢙ ࣮ ࣥ     ⼥ ྜ ղ 㐲 ᚰ ศ 㞳 ࢆ ⧞ ࡾ ㏉ ࡋ ࡚ ࠊࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ࢆὙ ί ᚋ ࠊ 㢧 ᚤ 㙾 ࡛ ࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ࢆ ☜ ㄆ ࠋ  ࠙⪃ ᐹࠚ ௒ᅇࡢࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢺ⃰ᗘࡣ᭱㐺࡛࠶ࡿ࠙⤖ᯝࠚ࡜⪃ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋࡲ ࡓ ࠊࣃ ࣮ ࣝ ࢳ ࢙ ࣮ ࣥ ࡢ ㄏ ᑟ ࡸ ⼥ ෗ ┿ ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ ࡟ ࠊⴥ ࠊⰼ ᘚ ࠿ ࡽ ࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫྜ ࢆ ⾜ ࠺ 㝿 ࡢ 㟁 ᅽ ࡣ 㐺 ษ ࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡿ ࠋࢺ ࢆ ༢ 㞳 ࡛ ࡁ ࡓ ࠋⰼ ᘚ ࠿ ࡽ ࡀ ༢ 㞳 ࡛ ࡁ ࡓ ᩘ ࡀከ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋᐇ 㦂  ࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ᇵ 㣴 

࠙┠ⓗࠚ

 య⣽⬊⏤᮶ࡢ᳜≀య࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣉࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ⏤ ᮶ ࡢ ᳜ ≀ య ࢆ స ฟ ࢆ ヨ ࡳ ࡿ ࠋ࠙ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࠚ
ձࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢺࢆ༢㞳ࡋṧࡉࢆ㐲ỿ⟶࡟ධࢀࠊ㐲ᚰศ㞳࡟ࡼࡾὙίࠋճ ୖ Ύ ࢆ ྲྀ ࡾ 㝖 ࠸ ࡓ ࠶ ࡜ &3: ࢆ ຍ ࠼ ࠊᾮ య ᇵⴥࡢࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢺ ⰼᘚࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢺ
ᆅ࡟ὶࡋ㎸ࢇࡔࠋ
࠙⪃ᐹࠚ
࠙⤖ᯝࠚ
 ⴥࡢࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢺᩘࡀⰼᘚ࡜ẚ࡭ᑡ࡞  ᅇࡢᇵ㣴ࡢ࠺ࡕ  ᅇࡣࢥࣥࢱ࣑ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࡢ ࡣ ࠊⴥ ࡢ ⤌ ⧊ ࡀ ᙉ ᅛ ࡛ ࠊࢭ ࣝ ࣟ ࣮ ࢫࡓࠋ ᅇࡢᇵ㣴࡛ࡣࣉࣟࢺࣉࣛࢫࢺࡢάᛶࡀ➼ ࡀ ከ ࡃ ྵ ࡲ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋⴥኻࢃࢀࡓࠋ
ࡣ༢㞳࡟㐺ࡉ࡞࠸࡜ุ᩿ࡋࡓࠋ࠙⪃ᐹࠚ ࢥ ࣥ ࢱ ࣑ ࡣ ࠊ↓ ⳦ ᧯ స ࡀ ୙ ༑ ศ ࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࡜ᐇ 㦂  ࣂ ࣛ ࡢ ⣽ ⬊ ⼥ ྜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋά ᛶ ࡀ ኻ ࢃ ࢀ ࡓ ࡢ ࡣ ᾮ య ᇵ ᆅ ࡢ࠙┠ⓗࠚࡓࡵ㓟⣲୙㊊ࡀཎᅉࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࣂࣛࢆ㟁Ẽ⼥ྜἲ࡟ࡼࡾయ⣽⬊㞧✀ࡢసฟࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋ
௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟
࠙ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࠚ
࣭ᅛయᇵᆅ࡛ࡢᇵ㣴ࢆヨࡳࡿࠋձ ࣉ ࣟ ࢺ ࣉ ࣛ ࢫ ࢺ ࢆ ༢ 㞳 ࡋ ࠊ⾑ ⌫ ィ ᩘ ჾ ࡟ ࡼ࣭ ௚ ࡢ ရ ✀ ࡢ ࣂ ࣛ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ࡚ ⣽ ⬊ ⼥ ྜ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋࡾ⃰ᗘࢆィ ࡋࠊ᭱㐺⃰ᗘ࡟ㄪ⠇ࠋ ᒱ 㜧 ㎰ ᯘ 㧗 ᰯ ࡑ ࡢ 㸲 ࣊ࢻࣟࡢί໬᪉ἲ࡜᭷ຠ฼⏝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
The research of purification method and effective use of sludge.
⏕≀ᕤᏛ⛉ ᑠ℩ᮌᝆ㍜ ྛົᖿஂ ┦᧞Ὧ㈗ ᶓᒣ༤⣖Ab stract
We have been interested in sludge in the river at school, Gifu Senior High School of
Agriculture and forestr y. T he result of our research has taught us that it is im possible to purif y
the sludge, but we have succeeded in m ak ingmuch use of it. W e hope that we will continue
research it from now on.
ᐇ 㦂  ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡢ ᭷ ຠ ฼ ⏝ ࡣ ࡌ ࡵ ࡟ ࠑ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࠒ VOXGJHPXGG\VRLO࠙ ┠ ⓗ ࠚ᥇ ྲྀ ࡋ ࡓ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࢆ ᭷ ຠ ฼ ⏝ ࡋ ⎔ ቃ ࡟࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡜ ࡣ ࠊ᭷ ᶵ ≀ ࡀ ᕝ ᗏ ࡟ ⵳ ✚ ࡋ ࡓ ࡶ ࡢࡼ࠸ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿຠᯝࢆ᥈ࡿࠋࡢ ሢ ࢆ ࡉ ࡍ ࠋ᭷ ᶵ ≀ ࢆ Ỉ ୰ ᎘ Ẽ ᛶ ⣽ ⳦ ࡀ ⭉ ᩋ࠙ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࠚࡉ ࡏ ࠊ࢔ ࣥ ࣔ ࢽ ࢔ 1+ ࡸ ࣓ ࢱ ࣥ &+ ࡀ Ⓨ ⏕ ࡍࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ᝏ ⮯ ࡀ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡀ ᕝ ᗏ ࡟ ሁ ✚ ࡍձࡿ࣊  ձ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࠊղ ◁ ࠊճ ᅡ ሙ ࡢ ᅵ ࠊմ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡜ ◁࡜ ◁ ฼ ࡸ ▼ ࡀ ᇙ ࡶ ࢀ ࠊ⏕ ≀ ࡢ ⏕ ែ ⣔ ࡟ ᝏ ᙳሙ㡪ࡢ  ୖ グ ࡢ ᮲ ௳ ࡛ ࢺ ࢘ ࣔ ࣟ ࢥ ࢩ ࢆ ⫱ ࡚ ࡿ ࠋ ࠙ ⤖ ᯝ ࠚ              ࢆཬࡰࡍࠋ᮲ ௳ ձ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࠊ᮲ ௳մ࣊ࢻࣟ࡜◁ࡢΰྜᐇ 㦂  ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡢ ㄪ ᰝ ࡛⫱࡚ࡓࢺ࢘ࣔࣟࢥ
࠙┠ⓗࠚᰯෆࡢ࣊ࢻࣟࡢᡂศศᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࢩ ࡀ ࠊ௚ ࡢ  ✀ ࡛ ⫱ ࡚࠙ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࠚձ ᕝ ࠿ ࡽ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࢆ ᥇ ྲྀ ࡋ ᭷ ᶵ ≀ 㔞 ࢆ ㄪ ࡭ ࡿ ࠋ ࡓ ࡶ ࡢ ࡼ ࡾ ࡶ ኱ ࡁ ࡃղ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࠿ ࡽ Ⓨ ⏕ ࡍ ࡿ Ẽ య ࢆ ᥇ ྲྀ ࡋ ࠊⅬ ⅆ ࡍࡿ ࠋ㸦 Ⅼ ⅆ ᐇ 㦂 㸧࠙⤖ᯝࠚᕝᗏࢆ่⃭ࡍࡿ
࡜ẼἻࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࠋࣛ࢖ࢱ࣮ࡢⅆࢆ㏆
࡙ࡅࡿ࡜ⅆᰕࡀ❧ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࣓ࢱࣥࡀ⇞ ↝ ࡋ ࡓ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡓ ࠋ ‫ ڦ‬෗ ┿ ࢞ ࢫ ᥇ ྲྀ 㸦     㸧ᡂ 㛗 ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ‫ ڦ‬෗ ┿ ᳜ ≀ ࡢ ᵝ Ꮚ 㸦 㸧 ‫ ࣇ ࣛ ࢢ ە‬᳜ ≀ ࡢ ᡂ 㛗 ᭤ ⥺㸦 㹼 㸧ᐇ 㦂  ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡢ ί ໬ ࡲ࡜ࡵ࠙ ┠ ⓗ ࠚᕝ ࡟ ⏕ ᜥ ࡍ ࡿ ⏕ ≀ ࢆ ฼ ⏝ ࡋ ᭷ ᶵ ≀ ࢆᐇ 㦂 ࠕ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡢ ㄪ ᰝ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ ࠊ ᕝ ᗏ ࡢ ࣊ ࢻศゎࡍࡿࠋࣟ࠿ࡽ ࣓ ࢱ ࣥ ࢞ ࢫ &+ ࡀ Ⓨ ⏕ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡓ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼࠙ᐇ㦂᪉ἲࠚࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋⓎ ⏕ ࡋ ࡓ Ẽ య ࢆ ࣂ ࢖ ࢜ ࢞ ࢫ ࡜ ࡋ ࡚ ฼ձ ᥇ ྲྀ ࡋ ࡓ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࢆ Ỉ ࡜ 㸸 ࡛ ΰ ࡐ ྜ ࢃ ࡏ ࠊ⏝࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶㄪ࡭ࡓ࠸ࠋྜ ィ 㹊 ࢆ ᐜ ჾ ࡟ ධ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ᐇ 㦂 ࠕ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡢ ί ໬ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ ࠊ ࣃ ࢵ ࢡ ࢸ ࢫղ 㐌  ᅇ ࣃ ࢵ ࢡ ࢸ ࢫ ࢺ ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ ࠊ◪ 㓟 ࠊள ◪ 㓟ࢺࡢሙ ྜ ࠊࣜ ࣥ 㓟 ࡢ ୖ ᪼ ௨ እ ࡟ ኱ ࡁ ࡞ ኚ ໬ ࡣែ ❅ ⣲ ࠊࣜ ࣥ 㓟 ࠊࣜ ࣥ 㓟 ែ ࣜ ࣥ ࡢ ್ ࢆ ィ ࡿ ࠋぢࡽࢀ ࡞ ࠿ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ᭷ ᶵ ≀ 㔞 ࡢ ሙ ྜ ࠊヨ 㦂 ༊ ࡢճ  ࣨ ᭶ 㛫 ᨺ ⨨ ࡋ ᭷ ᶵ ≀ 㔞 ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࢆ ほ ᐹ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡼ ࡾ ࡶ ᭷ ᶵ ≀ ࡀ ቑ ຍ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡶ ࡢ㸦 ࠼Ỉ⏕⏕≀㻌䛘䜂䜑 㻭㻵㻌
㻌
ᕝᗏ㻌
䝦䝗䝻
᳜≀㻌
ࡦ ࡵ $,ࠊỈ ⏕ ⏕ ≀ 㸧ࡀ ࠶ ࡾ ࠊᚤ ⏕ ≀ ࡢ Ṛ 㧁 ࡟᭷ᶵ≀㔞㻌㻢㻚㻡 㻣䠂 㻌 㻥㻚㻡 㻡䠂 㻌㻤㻚㻤 㻥㻑 㻌㻤㻚㻤 㻥㻑㻤㻚㻥 㻥䠂ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ ࠊ᭷ ᶵ ≀ ࡀ ቑ ຍ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡜ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ‫ ⾲ ی‬㸯 㸧 ᭷ ᶵ ≀ 㔞 ࡢ ኚ ໬ 㸦 㹼 㸧 ࡿࠋ䝸䞁 㓟 㻌
㻜㻚㻡 㻌
㻡㻌
㻝㻌
㻝
㻜㻚㻡
ᐇ 㦂 ࠕ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡢ ฼ ⏝ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ ࠊ ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡛ ᱂䝸䞁 㓟 ែ 䝸䞁 㻌
㻜㻚㻝 㻌
㻞㻌
㻜㻚㻞 㻌
㻜㻚㻞
㻜㻚㻝
ᇵ ࡋ ࡓ ᳜ ≀ ࡀ ኱ ࡁ ࡃ ᡂ 㛗 ࡋ ࡓ ࡢ ࡣ ࠊ࣊ ࢻ ࣟ ࡟ள◪㓟㻌㻜㻚㻜 㻡 㻌㻜㻌㻜㻌㻜㻜Ꮡ ᅾ ࡍ ࡿ ᭷ ᶵ ≀ ࠊ㣴 ศ ࡞ ࡝ ࡀ ᡂ 㛗 ࢆ ಁ ࡍ せ ᅉள◪㓟ែ❅⣲㻌㻜㻚㻜 㻝 㻌㻜㻌㻜㻌㻜㻜࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ‫ ⾲ ی‬㸧 ࣃ ࢵ ࢡ ࢸ ࢫ ࢺ ⤖ ᯝ 㸦 㸧  ᒱ㜧㎰ᯘ㧗ᰯࡑࡢ㸳ᗫἜࡢ᭷ຠ฼⏝࡟ࡼࡿᚠ⎔ᆺ♫఍࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
The Construction of Recycling Society by Utilizing the Waste Oil⏕≀ᕤᏛ⛉  Ლཎᝆ஀ ᒾỌ㯞㔛 Ώ㑓┿ኸ
Abstract
There are many wastes of waste oil in the restaurants and the home. So we manufactured BDF from the waste oil toachieve the recycling society by utilizing the waste oil that is biomass.
ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ᐇ㦂  㓝⣲ἲࡢ %') ࡢ㓟౯ᗘࢆୗࡆࡿ᮲௳ ከࡃࡢ㣧㣗ᗑࡸᐙᗞ࡛ࡣ኱㔞ࡢᗫἜࡀᗫᲠ≀࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ձຍỈศゎ᫬ࡢ ᗘࢆ Υ࠿ࡽࠊΥࠊΥࠊΥࠊΥ࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛⚾ࡓࡕࡣࣂ࢖࣐࢜ࢫ࡛࠶ࡿᗫἜࡢ᭷ຠ฼⏝࡜ኚ࠼࡚ࠊ%') ࢆసᡂࡍࡿࠋ
࠿ࡽࠊ㈨※ࡢ↓㥏㐵࠸ࡢ㍍ῶࠊᚠ⎔ᆺ♫఍ࡢᐇ⌧ࢆ┠ᶆຍ⇕ ᗘ㸦Υ㸧 



࡜ࡋࠊᗫἜ࠿ࡽ〇㐀ࡍࡿ㹀㹂㹄࡟ὀ┠ࡋㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㓟౯ᗘ㸦$9㸧




ᐇ㦂  ໬Ꮫゐ፹ἲ࡜㓝⣲ἲࡢẚ㍑
࡝ࡢ ᗘࡶ௨ୗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᏳ඲ࡣಖドࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ࠙┠ⓗࠚղࣜࣃ࣮ࢮࡢ㔞ࢆ 㹥࠿ࡽ 㹥࡟ኚ࠼࡚సᡂࠋ໬Ꮫゐ፹ἲ࡜㓝⣲ἲ࡛㹀㹂㹄ࢆ〇㐀ࡋຠ⋡ࡢࡼ࠸〇㐀㓟౯ᗘࡣ $9 ࡔࡀࠊ ᪥࡛࢝ࣅࡀ⏕࠼࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࠋ᪉ἲࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࠋ࠙⪃ᐹࠚ>໬Ꮫゐ፹ἲ@㓟౯ᗘࢆୗࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࣜࣃ࣮ࢮࡢ㔞ࢆኚ࠼ࢀࡤⰋ࠸
࣓ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ         ᗫἜࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ ᪥࡛࢝ࣅࡀ⏕࠼࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡓ
ࡵ㛗ᮇಖᏑ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᨵⰋࡀᚲせࠋᐇ㦂  ࣜࣃ࣮ࢮ⏕⏘⳦ࡢࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢ࠙┠ⓗࠚ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ࿘ࡾ࡛ࠊ%') ࡢ㓝⣲ἲ࡛౑⏝ࡍࡿࣜࣃ࣮ࢮ⏕⏘⳦ࢆぢࡘࡅࠊࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ࠙᪉ἲࠚᰯෆ⟠ᡤ࠿ࡽ᥇ྲྀࡋࡓヨᩱࢆࣜࣃ࣮ࢮ⏕⏘⳦ศ㞳⏝ᇵᆅ࡛ᇵ㣴ࡋࠊࢡࣜ࢔ࢰ࣮ࣥࡢ☜ㄆࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࢫࣛ࢖ࢻ࢝ࣝࢳ࣮ࣕ࡜㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾࡟ࡼࡿほᐹࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ    Ỉ㓟໬࣒࢝ࣜ࢘
             ⬡⫫㓟࣓ࢳ࢚ࣝࢫࢸࣝ
࣒࣓࢝ࣜ࢘ࢺ࢟ࢩࢻ    ࢢࣜࢭࣜࣥ                ࢢࣜࢭࣜࣥࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃ                㸴㸮Υࡢ࠾‫୕࡛‮‬ᅇὙί              %') ࡢ᏶ᡂ>㓝⣲ἲ@ᗫἜ         ⬡⫫㓟࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝ㸱㸳Υ ศ㛫    ຍỈศゎ        㸴㸮Υࡢ࠾‫࡛‮‬㸱ᅇὙί⬡⫫㓟࣭ࢢࣜࢭࣜࣥ %') ࡢ᏶ᡂ〇㐀ࡋࡓ %') ࡢ㓟౯ᗘࢆ $9&+(&. ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᐃࡍࡿࠋ$9&+(&. ࡛ࡣἜ⬡࡞࡝ࡢ㓟౯ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ%') ࡢᏳ඲ᛶࢆ☜࠿ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛

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㸯ᅇ┠

㸰ᅇ┠

໬Ꮫゐ፹ἲ

$9

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㓝⣲ἲ

$9

$9

1+ 62㸲J ⣧Ỉ.+32

J ࣮࢜ࣜࣈἜ

0J62࣭+2
&D&2P/
J㹥 ᐮኳ
J 

J
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య⫱㤋⿬ࡢᅵ
ⰼቭࡢᅵ
ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
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㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾ほᐹ࠿ࡽࣜࣃ࣮ࢮ⏕⏘⳦࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ⳦ࢆⓎぢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊ኱Ꮫ࡜㐃ᦠࡋ᳨ドࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ
௒ᚋࡢㄪᰝ
࣭ࣜࣃ࣮ࢮࡢ㔞ࢆኚ࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ㓟౯ᗘࡀୗࡀࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽᘬ
ࡁ⥆ࡁ◊✲ࢆࡍࡿࠋ
࣭ࣜࣃ࣮ࢮ⏕⏘⳦ࡢࢫࢡ࣮ࣜࢽࣥࢢࡣࠊࢡࣜ࢔ࢰ࣮ࣥࡢ
☜ㄆࠊ㟁Ꮚ㢧ᚤ㙾ほᐹࢆ㐍ࡵࡓ࠸ࠋ࠙⪃ᐹࠚ㓝⣲ἲࡢ㓟౯ᗘ࡛ࡣࠊᏳ඲ࡣಖ㞀ࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ౑⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ㓟౯ᗘࡀ  ௨ୗ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ໬Ꮫゐ፹
ἲࡀࠊ%') ࡢ〇㐀࡟㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㝿࡟ᐇ㦂ࡋ࡚ࡳ࡚ࠊ㓝⣲ἲࡣ໬Ꮫゐ፹ἲࡼࡾࡶసᡂࡢ᫬㛫ࡸ᧯సᡭ㡰ࢆᑡ࡞ࡃ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ㓝⣲ἲࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ໬Ꮫゐ፹ἲࡼࡾࡶຠ⋡ࡀⰋࡃࠊࡼࡾᚠ⎔ᆺ♫఍࡟㓄៖ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

 ᒱ 㜧 ㎰ ᯘ 㧗 ᰯ ࡑ ࡢ 㸴 㣧ᩱỈࡢ◳ᗘࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡿ㣗ရ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪Influence on the food by the difference in the hardness of drink ing water.
㣗 ရ ⛉ Ꮫ ⛉  ኱ ஂ ⥡ 㡢  ୖ ⏣ ⿱ ⣖ Ab stract
W ater is indispensable to our life. As to drink ing water,qualit y is an im portant matter.
In resent yeas, consumption of bottled water such as m ineral water has increased ver ymuch, and a tendenc y to quest delicious water has grown strong. In this circumstance,
we are going to examine, focusing on the point of hardness of water, what k inds of influence are caused on food by difference in hardness and also how the hardness of the tap water changes with tim e and processing.
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ࢥ࣮ࣄ࣮
࣭ࡲࢁࡸ࠿
࣭ⱞࡳࢆᙉㄪࢺ ໬ ྜ ≀ ࢆ ⏕ ᡂ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ࢟ ࣞ ࣮ ࢺ ⁲ ᐃ ἲ ࡣ ࠊࡇࡢ཯ᛂࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓ㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥࡢᐃ㔞ἲ࡛࠶࣭㐺ᗘ࡞㓟࿡

ࡿࠋ
ࡈ㣤
࣭ࡘࡸࡘࡸ
࣭ࣃࢧࣃࢧ
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࣭ࡩࡗࡃࡽ
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ᐇ 㦂 ί ໬ ᚋ ࡢ Ỉ 㐨 Ỉ ࡢ ◳ ᗘ ᐃ 
࣭↻ࡃࡎࢀ
࣭࡯ࡃ࡯ࡃ
 㔝⳯㸦ࡌࡷࡀ࠸ࡶ㸧࠙ヨᩱ᥇ྲྀࠚ
࣭࣮࣌ࢫࢺ≧
ヨᩱ㸿㸸ᶆ‽ヨᩱ㸦ᰯෆỈ㐨Ỉ㸧
∵⫗
࣭ᰂࡽ࠿࠸
࣭◳࠸

ヨᩱ㹀㸸Ỉ㐨Ỉࢆ෾⤖ᚋࠊ୰ᚰࢆṧࡋゎ෾ࡋࡓࡶࡢ

ヨᩱ㹁㸸Ỉ㐨Ỉࢆ෾⤖ᚋࠊ᏶඲࡟ゎ෾ࡋࡓࡶࡢ
࣭࢔ࢡࡀฟ࡞࠸
࣭࢔ࢡࡀฟࡿ

ヨᩱ㹂㸸Ỉ㐨Ỉࢆ↻Ἓࡋࡓࡶࡢ
ࣃࢫࢱ࣭ࢥࢩࡀ࡞࠸
࣭ࢥࢩࡀฟࡿヨ ᩱ 㹃 㸸 Ỉ 㐨 Ỉ ࢆ ᪥ Ữ ࡳ ⨨ ࡁ ࡋ ࡓ ࡶ ࡢ ࣭ṑࡈࡓ࠼
࣭ṑࡈࡓ࠼‫۔‬ヨᩱ㹄㸸Ỉ㐨ỈࢆᢤẼࡋࡓࡶࡢ
ࡔࡋ㸦࿴㢼㸧
࣭ࡲࢁࡸ࠿࣭ࢡࢭ᭷࣮࠙࢟ࣞࢺ⁲ᐃἲ࡟ࡼࡿ ᐃ⤖ᯝࠚ࣭࠺ࡲ࿡ ᭷
࣭࠺ࡲ࿡ ↓ࡔࡋ㸦ὒ㢼㸧
࣭⫗ࡢ⮯ࡳ ᭷࣭⫗ࡢ⮯ࡳ ↓
ヨᩱ
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75㸬4
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◊ ✲ ࡼ ࡾ ࠊ ◳ ᗘ ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡀ 㣗 ရ ࡬ ཬ ࡰ ࡍ ᙳ㡪 ࡟ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࠊ᪥ ᮏ ྂ ᮶ ࡢ 㣗 ᩥ ໬ ࡟ ᰿ ᕪ ࡋ ࡓ 㣗ရ ࡣ ㌾ Ỉ ࡀ 㐺 ࡋ ࡚ ࠾ ࡾ ࠊࡲ ࡓ ὒ 㣗 ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࣃ ࢫᐇ 㦂 Ỉ 㐨 Ỉ ࡢ ᫬ 㛫 ᖏ ࡟ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ◳ ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ໬ ࢱ࣭ὒ 㢼 ࡔ ࡋ ࡣ ◳ Ỉ ࡀ 㐺 ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ ࢃ ࠿࠙ヨᩱ᥇ྲྀࠚࡿ ࠋࡇ ࢀ ࡣ ୡ ⏺ ྛ ᆅ ᇦ ࡢ 㣧 ⏝ Ỉ ࡟ 㐺 ࡋ ࡓ ࠊ㣗ᰯ ෆ ࡢ Ỉ 㐨 Ỉ ࢆ ᖹ ᪥ ࠊ ఇ ᪥ ᫂ ࡅ ࡢ ᫬ 㛫 ࠾ ࡁရ ୪ ࡧ ࡟ ㄪ ⌮ ἲ ࡀ ☜ ❧ ࡋ ࠊࡑ ࢀ ࡀ 㣗 ᩥ ໬ ࡜ ࡋ࡟᥇ྲྀࡋ◳ᗘࢆ ᐃ࡚ ᐃ ╔ ࡋ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ ࡓ ࡵ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ ࠊ㣧 ⏝ Ỉ ࡢ ◳ ᗘ ࡀ㣗ရ࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ ᒱ㜧㎰ᯘ㧗ᰯࡑࡢ㸵⏕≀ㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡿ⎔ቃࡢศᯒ 㹼㔝㫽ࡢほᐹࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㹼
Analysis of the Environment with Biological Research 㹼Through the bird watching㹼⎔ቃ⛉Ꮫ⛉ ゅᏗ 㛵㇂୍㍤㧗ᮌ㱟அ௓
Abstract
The Tenno river is one of the artificial rivers built by the construction method for nature-oriented riverreconstruction. We have conducted the research to show the relationships clearly among the ecosystem in river,some artificial structures and living creatures there through the observation of wild birds living around the Tenno
river.
 ⪃ᐹ ࢸ࣮࣐㑅ᐃ⌮⏤⚾㐩ࡣ⎔ቃࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ほᐹ࡛ࡁࡿ㔝㫽࡟㐪࠸ࡀぢࡽࢀࠊࡲࡓ㫽㢮ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᆅᇦࡢ⎔ቃࡸ⏕ែ⣔ࢆุᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ஦ࢆᏛࢇࡔࠋࡑࡇ࡛ኳ⋤ᕝ࡟ὀ┠ࡋࠊ⏕≀ㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋ ┠ⓗ
ձἙᕝ⏕ែ⣔ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࠊ⏕≀࡜ᵓ㐀≀ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࠋ
ղ◊✲⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ⮬↛࡜ඹ⏕࡛ࡁࡿ⏫㐀ࡾࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࢆ
ᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࠋ άືࡢෆᐜ
ኳ⋤ᕝ 㹩㹫ࡢ༊㛫࡟  ࡘࡢㄪᰝ༊ࢆタᐃࡋࡓࠋ

ᆅⅬϨ᳜͐≀ࡀⱱࡾᕝࡢᙧ≧ᐩࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࡓࡵ㣵ࡢ⏕≀ࡀ㇏ᐩ࡛ከᵝ࡞㫽㢮ࡀ⏕ᜥࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ
ᆅⅬϩ͐Ỉⲡࢆ㣗࡭ࡿ㔝㫽ࡀࡼࡃぢࡽࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊỈⲡࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᆅⅬϪ͐ㆤᓊ࠿ࡽᮌࡀ⏕࠼࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࢝࣡ࢭ࣑࡞࡝ࡢ
␃ࡾᮌ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᆅⅬϫ͐㬼ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࡢ࡛Ỉ῝ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࠊࡲࡓࠊ
㨶ࡀ⏕ᜥࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

◊✲  㔝㫽ࡣࠊᐃⅬࢭࣥࢧࢫἲ࡛ྛ༊  ศほᐹࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ෗┿࡜࣓࡛ࣔグ㘓ࢆ࡜ࡿࠋ

ᆅⅬϬ͐㛗Ⰻᕝ࡜ࡢྜὶⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊኳ⋤ᕝ࡜㛗Ⰻᕝ୧᪉ࡢ㫽㢮ࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ

◊✲  ㆤᓊ㸸ㆤᓊࡢ෗┿࠿ࡽᕤἲࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ
◊✲  ⎔ቃࢆ⪃࠼ࡿୖ࡛ᚲせ࡞ࡑࡢ௚ࡢㄪᰝࠋ ࡲ࡜ࡵ ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ◊✲  ᖺ㛫  ✀㢮ࡢ㔝㫽ࢆ   ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

ձ㣵ࡢ✀㢮ࡀ㇏ᐩ࡞Ἑᕝ࡛࠶ࡾࠊከᵝ࡞㫽㢮ࡀ⏕ᜥ࡛ࡁࡿ⎔ቃ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ղㄪᰝ༊ࡣỈ⏣ࠊఫᏯᆅࠊᕤᴗᆅᖏ࡜㛗Ⰻᕝ࡟㏆࡙◊✲  ㆤᓊᕤἲࡢ≉ᐃࡃ࡟ࡘࢀኚ໬ࡋࠊほᐹࡉࢀࡿ㫽㢮ࡶኚࢃࡿࡇ࡜࠿

$㸸ࣛࢵࣉࢫࢺ࣮ࣥᕤἲ㸸ᙉᗘࡸᬒ ࡽே㛫⏕ά࡜㫽㢮࡟ࡣ㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋほ࡜ࡢㄪ࿴࡟ඃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

ճㆤᓊࡢᵝᏊࡸỈ῝ࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡇ࡛ࡳࡽࢀࡿ

%㸸⠢࣐ࢵࢺᕤἲ㸸ከ⮬↛ᆺᕤἲࡢ 㫽࡟ኚ໬ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

୍✀࡛᳜≀ࡀᐃ╔ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ

մỈ㉁ㄪᰝ࡟ࡼࡾᆅⅬϩࡢỈⲡࡣ᤼Ỉ࠿ࡽฟ࡚࠸ࡿ

&㸸▼✚ࡳᕤἲࡢ  ✀㸸ᅵࡀ⁀ࡲࡾ᫆ࡃࠊ
࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࢔ᛶ❅⣲࡟ࡼࡿᐩᰤ㣴໬ࡀᠱᛕࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ࡑࡇ࡟᳜≀ࡀᐃ╔ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࠋ ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࣭ㆤᓊࡢᕤἲ࡜⏕≀ࡢ⏕ᜥ≧ἣ࡜ࡢ㛵㐃ᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ
࣭㔝㫽ㄪᰝࠊㆤᓊᕤἲࠊỈ㉁ㄪᰝࢆ⥲ྜࡋἙᕝ⎔ቃࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࠸ᕤἲࡢᨵၿⅬࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ'㸸㨶ᕢࣈࣟࢵࢡ㸸㺃㨶ࠊட࡞࡝ࡢỈ⏕⏕≀ࡢ㞃ࢀᐙ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ◊✲  ྛ༊ࡢỈ㉁≉ᐃ 㺏㺻㺱㺤㺏ᛶ❅⣲࣭⁐Ꮡ㓟⣲㔞  㟼ᒸ┴❧ΎỈᮾ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࢔ࢰⰍ⣲ࡢ⮯⣲໬࡜Ⰽ⣲ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
Research of Bromination of Azo Dyes and their Color Changes           ኱㔝ဴ ஂಖ⏣ᓫ⪷ 㰻⸨ၨ௓ ᆏཱྀ⨾⣪ ᑎ⏣༟▮ ⚟஭༓⣪
Abstract
We filtered violet dye from synthesised azo dye with p-methyl aniline and 1-naphthol,and tried to determine theexact structures of the 2 red dyes developed from bromizing violet dye. We found suitable conditions to collect the
2 red dyes based on the time bromized and the quantity of bromine water. One of the red dye's structures wasdetermined, the other's structure could be estimated. We also found another dye -called light dye- whose color
changed from transparent to blue. It was found that light dye is involved in the so-called "blue print"
phenomenon,but its structure was not confirmed.
せ⣙ ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࣃ࣓ࣛࢳࣝ࢔ࢽࣜࣥ࡜ 1㸫ࢼࣇࢺ࣮ࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ྜᡂࡋࡓ࢔ࢰⰍ⣲࠿ࡽ⣸Ⰽࡢࡶࡢࡔࡅࢆ༢㞳ࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆ⮯⣲໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⏕ࡎࡿ㸰ࡘࡢ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ᵓ㐀Ỵᐃࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ⮯⣲໬᫬㛫࡜⮯⣲Ỉࡢ㔞ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ᭱ࡶ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲㸰ࡘࢆ㞟ࡵࡸࡍ࠸᮲௳ࢆࡳࡘࡅࡓࠋ㸰ࡘࡢ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ࡢ࠺ࡕ㸯ࡘࡣᵓ㐀Ỵᐃࡋࠊࡶ࠺㸯ࡘࡣண᝿ᵓ㐀ࢆࡓ࡚ࡓࠋࡲࡓࡑࡢ㝿࡟ TLC ୖ࡛↓Ⰽ࠿ࡽ㟷Ⰽ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿ≀㉁(ග↓Ⰽ)ࢆⓎぢࡋࡓࠋග↓Ⰽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㟷↝ࡁ࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟ࡀ㛵ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊᵓ㐀Ỵᐃ࡟ࡣ⮳ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ㸯 ┠ⓗ㸰 ᪉ἲ
࢔ࢰⰍ⣲࡜ࡣศᏊ୰࡟࢔ࢰᇶ 1 ஧㔜⤖ྜࢆᣢࡘ≀  ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜༢㞳㉁࡛ᕤᴗ⏝ᰁᩱࡢ 㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ  ࡣ⚾ࡓࡕࣃ࣓ࣛࢳࣝ࢔ࢽࣜࣥࢆࢪ
ࡀ౑⏝ࡋࡓ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲࡛ࠊࣃ࣓ࣛࢳࣝ࢔ࢽࣜࣥࢆࢪ࢔
࢔ࢰ໬ࡋࠊࢼࣇࢺ࣮ࣝ࡜
ࢰ໬ࡋࠊࢼࣇࢺ࣮ࣝ࡜࢝ࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢࡉࡏ࡚࡛ࡁࡓ
࢝ࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢࡉࡏ࡚࢔ࢰⰍ
࢔ࢰⰍ⣲࠿ࡽ⣸Ⰽࡢࡶࡢࡔࡅࢆ༢㞳ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
⣲ࢆྜᡂࡍࡿࠋྜᡂࡋࡓ࢔
ࢰⰍ⣲ࢆࢩࣜ࢝ࢤࣝ 㹼ȣP ࡜⁐፹ ࣊࢟ࢧࣥ࣋ࣥࢮࣥ Ѝ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࣒࢝ࣛࢡ࣐ࣟ
ࢺࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࢆ༢㞳ࡍࡿࠋ༢㞳ᚋࠊ࣮ࣟࢱ࣮࢚ࣜࣂ࣏࣮ࣞࢱ
࣮࡟࠿ࡅ஝ᅛࡍࡿ㝿ࠊ㓟෗┿ 1
ᅗ 1 ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࡢᵓ㐀໬ࡍࡿࡢࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵ࣊ࣜ
࣒࢝ࣛࢡ࣐ࣟࢺ
࣒࢘࢞ࢫࢆ࠶࡚ࡿࠋ௨ୗ
࢔ࢰⰍ⣲ࡢ⮯⣲໬࡟ࡼࡿⰍࡢኚ໬ࡣ௦ࠎඛ㍮᪉࠿ࡽࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮ࡢ≀㉁ࡶྠᵝࠋᘬࡁ⥅࠸࡛ࡁࡓ◊✲࡛ࠊ๓ᖺᗘࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜༢㞳ࢆ⮯⣲໬ࡍࡿ࡜⮯⣲໬ࡉࡏࡿ᫬㛫࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚࢃࡿ㉥⁐፹ࢆ࡜ࡤࡋࡓ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲࡟ᅄሷ໬Ⅳ⣲ P/ࠊ⮯Ⰽ≀㉁ࡀ  ࡘ࡜ࠊ↓Ⰽ≀㉁ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ⣲Ỉ P/ࠊỈ P/ ࢆຍ࠼࡚ศᾮ࣮ࣟࢺ࡛᣺࡜࠺
๓ᖺᗘࡣ↓Ⰽ≀㉁ࡢᵓ㐀Ỵᐃࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓᚋ  ศ㟼⨨ࡍࡿࠋ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ≀㉁ࢆ 7/& ⷧᒙ࢝ࣛࡀࠊ ࡘࡢ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣᵓ㐀ࡀ୙࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋ
࣒ࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮ ࡛☜ㄆ ḟ㡫෗┿  ࠋ⏕ᡂࡘࡢᵓ㐀ࢆỴᐃࡋ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲࡜⮯⣲ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞཯ᛂ
ࡋࡓ㉥Ⰽ≀㉁ࢆ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡜ࡋࠊࡇࢀࢆ⁐፹ ࣊ࢆ㉳ࡇࡋ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᵓ㐀ࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿ࠿᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ
࢟ࢧࣥ࣋ࣥࢮࣥ  ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࣒࢝ࣛࢡ࣐ࣟࢺ
ࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓᐇ㦂ࡢ㏵୰ 7/& ୖ࡛↓Ⰽ࠿ࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮ ෗┿  ࡛༢㞳ࡍࡿࠋࡽ㟷Ⰽ࡟ኚࢃࡿ≀㉁ࢆⓎぢࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜༢㞳ࡶㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
⁐፹ࢆ࡜ࡤࡋࡓ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡟ᅄሷ໬Ⅳ⣲ P/ࠊ⮯⣲Ỉ P/ ࢆຍ࠼࡚ศᾮ࣮ࣟࢺ୰࡛᣺࡜࠺ࡋࡓ

ᚋ஧᪥㛫㟼⨨ࡍࡿࠋ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ≀㉁ࢆ 7/& ࡛☜ㄆ ḟ㡫෗┿  ࠋ7/& ࡛ $ ࡢୖ㒊࡟☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㉥Ⰽ≀㉁ࢆ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡜ࡋࠊ⁐፹ ࣊࢟ࢧࣥ࣋ࣥࢮࣥ ЍЍ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࣒࢝ࣛࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮
࡛༢㞳ࡍࡿࠋ෗┿ 2㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ A  ሷᇶᛶୗ࡛ࡢග↓Ⰽ࡜ࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝࡢ཯ᛂ࡟
ࡘ࠸࡚㟷↝ࡁ࡜ࡣⰾ㤶᪘ࢪ࢔ࢰࢽ࣒࢘ሷ࡜ࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝ
໬ྜ≀ࡀ⣸እ⥺ୗ࡛⤖ྜࡋࠊ㟷࠸࢔ࢰⰍ⣲ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ7/& ୖ࡛཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡾ㟷Ⰽ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿග↓Ⰽࡣ⮬㌟ࡀⰾ㤶᪘ࢪ࢔ࢰࢽ࣒࢘ሷ࡜ࣇ
࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝ໬ྜ≀ࡢ୧⪅ࡢᛶ㉁ࢆᣢࡕ 7/& ୖ࡛཯ᛂࢆ㉳ࡇࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢ௬ㄝࡀṇࡋ࠸࡞ࡽࡤࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝ໬ྜ≀ࢆຍ࠼ࡓሙྜ࡛ࡶ㟷࠸࢔ࢰⰍ⣲ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࢔࡛ሷᇶᛶ
࡟ࡋࡓࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝࢆග↓Ⰽ࡟ຍ࠼࡚Ⰽࡢኚ໬ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ  ≀㉁ࡢゎᯒ㞟ࡵࡓ≀㉁ࢆ㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ࡟ᣢࡗ࡚⾜ࡁࠊ105ࠊ0$66ࠊ
; ⥺ᅇᢡ࡛ศᯒࡍࡿࠋ105 ࡛ࡣỈ⣲ࡢ఩⨨ࡀỴᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ0$66 ࡛ࡣศᏊ㔞ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ; ⥺ᅇᢡ࡛ࡣศᏊࡢ❧యᵓ㐀ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ㸱 ⤖ᯝ ⥡㯇࡞༢⤖ᬗࡀฟ᮶࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡝ࡢ≀㉁࡛
ࡶ ; ⥺ᅇᢡࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $
0$66 ࡜ 105 ࡛ศᯒࢆ⾜࠼ࡓࠋ0$66࡟࠿ࡅࡓࢧ
ࣥࣉࣝࡀ༢యࡢሙྜࠊࣀ࢖ࢬࢆ㝖࠸࡚㉁㔞㟁Ⲵẚࡀ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ࡇࢁࢆࡑࡢศᏊࡢ㉁㔞࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋྑᅗࡣ㉁㔞㟁Ⲵẚࡀ᭱ࡶ኱ࡁ࠸㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡿࠋྑᅗ࠿ࡽࠊ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡢศᏊ㔞ࡣ  ࡢ๭ྜ࡛࠶ࡿࡢࡀ
ࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ


෗┿ 3㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ B  ↓Ⰽ≀㉁ࡢ༢㞳 ࡢ7/&ୖ࡛↓Ⰽ≀㉁ࡀࡘ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࡇ
ࢀࡽࡶ༢㞳ࡍࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ7/& ୖ࡛ࡇࡢ≀㉁ࡣ᪼⳹
ᛶࢆ♧ࡋ෗┿ࢆ᧜ࢁ࠺࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࡍ࡛࡟ 7/& ୖ࡛ࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ  ග↓Ⰽࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜༢㞳
7/& ୖ࡛↓Ⰽ࠿ࡽ㟷Ⰽ࡟ኚࢃࡿ≀㉁ࢆග↓Ⰽ࡜ࡋࡓࠋග↓Ⰽ࡜ࡋࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ7/& ୖ࡛ࡢ཯ᛂ㏿ᗘࡀ↷᫂ୗࡼࡾࡶ⣸እ⥺ࣛ࢖ࢺୗࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ㏿࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊගࡀ㛵ಀࡋࡓ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ุ᩿ࡋࡓࡓࡵ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⁐፹ࢆ࡜ࡤࡋࡓ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲࡟ᅄሷ໬Ⅳ⣲ P/ࠊ⮯⣲ỈP/ ࢆຍ࠼࡚ศᾮ࣮ࣟࢺ࡛᣺
࡜࠺ࡋࡓᚋ୕᪥㛫㟼⨨ࡍࡿࠋ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ≀㉁ࢆ 7/& ࡛☜ㄆ෗┿  ࠋ⏕ᡂࡋࡓග↓Ⰽࢆ⁐፹ ࣊࢟ࢧࣥ࣋ࣥࢮࣥ  ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࣒࢝ࣛࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࢕
࣮࡛༢㞳ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓ༢㞳ࡋࡓ≀㉁ࡀヨ㦂⟶ෆ࡛཯ᛂࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊ
࣒࢝ࣛ⟶ࢆ࢔࣑ࣝ࣍࢖࡛ࣝໟࡳ
ගࡀᙜࡓࡽ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࡋࠊ୓඲
ࢆᮇࡍࡓࡵ࡟ᬯᐊෆ࡛༢㞳ࡍࡿࠋ ෗┿ 4ㄪ࡭ࡓ⤖ᯝࠊග↓Ⰽࡢ 7/& ୖග↓Ⰽ࡛ࡢ཯ᛂࡣ㟷↝ࡁ࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟ࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜᥎ ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ௨
ୗࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡑࢀࢆ☜࠿ࡵࡿࠋ
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

ᅗ㸰 ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $0$66

ࡲࡓ 105 ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣୗࡢᅗࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

0.91
1.00

1.00

㸲 ⪃ᐹ  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ㉥Ⰽ≀㉁ $ ࡢศᏊ㔞  ࡣᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘࡢඛ㍮᪉ࡢ㉥Ⰽ≀㉁ࡢ᥎ᐃᵓ㐀ࡢ⮯⣲ࡢྠ఩యࡶྵ
ࡵ࡚⪃࠼ࡓศᏊ㔞࡜➼ࡋ࠸ࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ㉥Ⰽ≀㉁ $ ࡢ⤌ᡂᘧࡣ &+12%U ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋᵓ㐀࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲࡟⮯⣲ࡀ ࡘ⨨᥮ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ
105ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊỈ⣲ࡢ఩⨨ࡀỴࡲࡗࡓࠋ
105 ࢳ࣮ࣕࢺࡢࢩࣥࢢࣞࢵࢺࠊࢲࣈࣞࢵࢺࠊࢺࣜ
ࣉࣞࢵࢺࡢᩘࢆ‶ࡓࡍᵓ㐀ࡣᅗ  ࡢᵓ㐀ࡓࡔ  ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡢᵓ㐀ࡣᅗ  ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀỴᐃࡋࡓࠋ

1.17
3.06

1.06

ᅗ 3 ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ NMRͤᩘ್ࡣ✚ศ㠃✚ࢆ⾲ࡍ  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ %
  ࢆᒣࡢ㡬Ⅼ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿᙧ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
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ղ
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ᅗ  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡢᵓ㐀  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡣ 105 ࡀฟ᮶࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊᵓ㐀Ỵᐃࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ
0$66ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽ᥎ᐃᵓ㐀ࢆࡘࡃࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࡜࠸࠺ᩘ್ࡣ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲$ ࡢศᏊ㔞ࡼࡾࡶ⣙  ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲$ ࠿ࡽཎᏊ㔞 ࡢỈ⣲ࡀ ࡘཎᏊ㔞 ࡢ⮯⣲࡟⨨᥮ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋⰾ㤶᪘⨨᥮཯ᛂࡢ㓄ྥᛶ ໬ᏛϨ㺃ϩࡢ᪂◊✲ ୕┬ᇽ ཧ↷ ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡢᵓ㐀࡛ࡣ᭱ࡶ⨨᥮཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࡸࡍ࠸఩⨨ࡣᅗ  ࡛ࡢձࠊղࡢ㒊ศ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ
ࡓࡀࡗ࡚㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡢᵓ㐀ࡣࠊ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡢձࠊղࡢ఩⨨࡟⮯⣲ࡀ⨨᥮ࡋࡓᅗ  ࡢᵓ㐀࡜᥎ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࠋᅗ㸲 ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ %0$66
  ↓Ⰽ≀㉁
 㞟ࡵࡓ㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊ࡝ࡢศᯒ᪉ἲ࡛ࡶ
ศᯒ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ⪃ᐹ࡛ࡁࡿ࡯࡝ࡢ
ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ⪃ᐹ࡛ࡣ┬␎ࡍࡿࠋ  ග↓Ⰽ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࡍ࡛࡟཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗࡓࡓࡵ
࡟ 0$66 ࡛ࡣ⤖ᯝࡀฟ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࢔ࣥࣔࢽ࢔࡛ሷ
ᇶᛶ࡟ࡋࡓࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝࢆຍ࠼ࡓ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ㟷Ⰽ࡟ኚ
໬ࡋࡓࠋ
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෗┿ 5 ග↓Ⰽ࡟ࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝຍ࠼ࡓ⤖ᯝ(ᕥ:཯ᛂ๓)   (ྑ:཯ᛂᚋ)
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

 % ᥎ᐃᵓ㐀ᅗ  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $% ࡲ࡜ࡵ ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿ࡜ࠊ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࢆ⮯⣲໬ࡍࡿ࡜᭱ึ࡟⮯⣲ࡀ  ࡘ⨨᥮ࡋ࡚㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡟࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡋ࡚ࡉࡽ࡟᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚⮯⣲໬ࡍࡿ࡜ࡉࡽ࡟⮯⣲ࡀ  ࡘ⨨᥮ࡋ࡚㉥Ⰽ≀㉁ % ࡟࡞ࡿ㹿᭦࡟᫬㛫ࢆ࠿ࡅ࡚⮯⣲໬ࡍࡿ࡜7/& ࡛↓Ⰽ≀㉁ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊศᏊࡢ⤖ྜࡀษࢀ࡚↓Ⰽ≀㉁ࡀ」ᩘ
࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟⮯⣲⨨᥮ࡣ  ࡘࡎࡘ⾜ࢃࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺㠀ᖖ࡟⯆࿡῝࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿
ࡗࡓࠋ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡢᵓ㐀ࡣỴᐃ࡛ࡁࡓࡀࠊ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡢ⮯⣲ࡢ఩⨨ࡣ᥎ᐃ࡟Ṇࡲࡗࡓࠋ
⮯⣲໬๓ࡢ
⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ᅄሷ໬Ⅳ⣲ P/ࠊ⮯⣲Ỉ P/ࠊỈ P/ ࢆຍ࠼࡚ ศᨺ⨨㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $
ᅄሷ໬Ⅳ⣲ P/⮯⣲Ỉ P/ ࢆຍ࠼࡚஧᪥㛫ᨺ⨨㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ %ᅗ  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $% ࡲ࡜ࡵ  ග↓Ⰽࡢ᥎ᐃᵓ㐀࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ࢀࡿࠋග↓Ⰽࡢ7/& ୖ࡛ࡣ≀㉁ࡣ༢㞳ࡉࢀ㟷ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㒊ศ࡟ࡣග↓Ⰽࡔࡅࡋ࠿࡞࠸ࠋ୍✀ࡢ≀㉁࠿ࡽ㟷↝ࡁࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊග↓Ⰽࡣࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝ࡜ࢪ
࢔ࢰࢽ࣒࢘ሷࡢ ࡘࡢᛶ㉁ࢆ♧ࡍ㒊ศᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡜㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡢ 7/& ࡛ࡣග↓ⰍࡢᏑᅾࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡎࠊග↓Ⰽࡢ⮯⣲໬᫬ࡢ⮯⣲Ỉࡢ㔞ࡀ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ࡢ⮯⣲໬᫬ࡢ⮯⣲Ỉࡢ㔞ࡢ ಸ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡼࡾග↓Ⰽࡢ⏕ᡂࡣ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲࠿ࡽ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿ཯ᛂ࡜ࡣࠊ඲ࡃ␗࡞ࡿ཯ᛂ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜
⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
௒ࡲ࡛ࡢඛ㍮᪉ࡣ㧗⃰ᗘ⮯⣲ྵ᭷ᅄሷ໬Ⅳ⣲ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࢆ⮯⣲໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊ⮯⣲ࡢ㔞ࢆᑡ࡞ࡃࡋ࡚⮯⣲໬ࡋࡓᡃࠎࡢ᫬࡜ẚ࡭࡚ࠊᅽಽ
ⓗ࡟↓Ⰽ≀㉁ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㏿ᗘࡀ㏿࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࡀ↓Ⰽ≀㉁࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⤖ྜࡀษࢀ࡚ඹᙺ⣔ࡢ㛗ࡉࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௨ୖࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࢆ⮯⣲Ỉࡢ㔞ࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚⮯⣲໬ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ⤖ྜࡀษࢀࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿ
࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀゝ࠼ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ⮯⣲Ỉࡢ㔞ࢆ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ࡢ᫬࡜ẚ࡭࡚ಸࡢ㔞࡛⮯⣲໬ࡋ࡚⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓග↓Ⰽࡣ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲ࡢ࠶ࡿ⤖ྜࡀษࢀࡓࡶ
ࡢࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡺ࠼࡟ග↓Ⰽࡀࠊࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝ࡜ࢪ࢔ࢰࢽ࣒࢘ሷ
ࡢᛶ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ⣸ⰍⰍ⣲࠿ࡽ࠶ࡿ⤖ྜࡀษࢀ࡚⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊග↓Ⰽࡢᵓ㐀ࡣᅗ ࡢࡼ࠺࡟᥎ ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊᮏ᮶ࡣሷᇶᛶ᮲௳ୗ࡛㉳ࡇࡿ㟷↝ࡁࡀ
7/& ୖ࡛㉳ࡇࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊࢩࣜ࢝ࢤࣝࡀከࡃᣢࡗ
࡚࠸ࡿ2+ ᇶ㸦ḟ㡫ᅗ㸷㸧ࡀఱࡽ࠿ࡢാࡁࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡓࡵࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࢩࣜ࢝ࢤࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ
7/& ࡜࣒࢝ࣛࢡ࣐ࣟࢺࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮࡛ࡣ⣸እ⥺ୗ࡛཯ᛂࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ᅗ 9 ࢩࣜ࢝ࢤࣝ ᵓ㐀㸳 ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟  ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $% ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ $ ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣᵓ㐀Ỵᐃ࡛ࡁࡓࡀࠊ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲% ࡢ⮯⣲ࡢ఩⨨ࡣỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗ
ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ 105 ࢆ⾜࠼ࡤỴᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ
࡛ࠊ105 ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿศࡔࡅࡢ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࢆ㞟ࡵࠊ㉥ⰍⰍ⣲ % ࡢᵓ㐀ࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࠋ෗┿ 6ࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮࡛ࣝ
㟷ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ
ග↓Ⰽ

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ᅗ 8 ග↓Ⰽ᥎ᐃᵓ㐀ሷᇶᛶ࡟ࡋࡓࣇ࢙ࣀ࣮ࣝࢆຍ࠼ࡓᚋࡢⰍࡢኚ
໬࠿ࡽࠊග↓Ⰽࡢ 7/& ୖ࡛ࡢⰍࡢኚ໬ࡣࠊ㟷↝ࡁ࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟ࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺௬ㄝࡣᨭᣢࡉ ࡞ࡐ⮯⣲⨨᥮ࡣ ࡘࡎࡘ㉳ࡇࡿࡢ࠿᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍ
ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢ௚ࡢ࢔ࢰⰍ⣲࡛ࡶ⮯⣲⨨᥮ࡀ  ࡘࡎࡘ㉳ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡿ  ↓Ⰽ≀㉁࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㞟ࡵࡓ㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊศᯒࡀ࠺ࡲࡃ࠸࠿
࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋከࡃࡢ㔞ࢆ㞟ࡵศᯒࡋࠊᵓ㐀ࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࠋ  ග↓Ⰽ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
༢㞳୰࡟཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡓࡵࠊ⌧ᅾ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ᪉ἲ࡛ࡣග↓Ⰽࡢ᏶⎍࡞༢㞳ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋ༢㞳᪉ἲࢆᕤኵࡋᵓ㐀Ỵᐃࡍࡿࠋ㸴 ㅰ㎡ ᭱ᚋ࡟≀㉁ࡢゎᯒ࡟ఇ᪥࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎከ኱࡞
ࡈ༠ຊࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ㏆⸨‶෸ᩍᤵࡲࡓ㏆⸨◊✲ᐊࡢⓙᵝ࡟ᚚ♩⏦ࡋ࠶ࡆࡲࡍࠋ㸵 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘㄢ㢟◊✲ㄽᩥ ΎỈᮾ㧗ᰯ⌮ᩘ⛉ ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘㄢ㢟◊✲ㄽᩥ ΎỈᮾ㧗ᰯ⌮ᩘ⛉ ໬ᏛϨ㺃ϩࡢ᪂◊✲ ୕┬ᇽ 
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

 㟼ᒸ໭㧗➼Ꮫᰯ   㓝ẕ⳦ࡢேⅭⓗ✺↛ኚ␗࡜⪏ᛶᐇ㦂$UWLILFLDOPXWDWLRQDQGVWUHQJWKHQLQJWROHUDQFHRIWKH\HDVW㟷ᮌ΅ ✄ぢ♸ᕼዉ ᱵ⏣ᝆ⏕ ᑠ⃝㔛Ἃ 㰺⸨Ύ㧗 ᐑཎዉࠎ$EVWUDFWWe are researching on artificial mutation and strengthening tolerance of the yeast to MMS. MMS iscarcinogen that can break the nucleic acid base by methylation. An official name is Methyl Methane
Sulfonate. If the yeast is added MMS, part of the nucleic acid base will be damaged. After that, themethylation nucleic acid base is weeded out by DNA glycosylase, then, DNA polymerase carries
normal nucleic acid base to the damaged part, and it will be bonded by DNA ligase. This is called baseexcision repair. Basically the damaged nucleic acid base is repaired, but if those enzymes werecongenitally damaged, it is not repaired, so that phenotype cannot be copied exactly the genetic
information. Therefore, the yeast mutates with changing bases sequence. We began three derived
experiments from the MMS experiment to more know about the mutation in detail.
せ⣙ ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢேⅭⓗ✺↛ኚ␗࡜ 006 ⪏ᛶ㓝ẕࡢㄏᑟࢆ◊✲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ006 ࡣ᰾㓟ሷᇶࢆ࣓ࢳࣝ໬
࡟ࡼࡗ࡚◚ቯࡍࡿⓎࡀࢇᛶ≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿࠋṇᘧྡ⛠ࡣ࣓ࢳ࣓ࣝࢱࣥࢫࣝ࣍ࣥ㓟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶࡋ㓝ẕ⳦ࡀ 006
ࢆᢞ୚ࡉࢀࡓሙྜࠊ᰾㓟ሷᇶࡢ୍㒊ࡀᦆയࡍࡿࠋᢞ୚ᚋࠊ࣓ࢳࣝ໬᰾㓟ሷᇶࡣ '1$ ࢢࣜࢥࢩ࣮ࣛࢮ࡟ࡼ
ࡗ࡚㝖ཤࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀ࠿ࡽࠊ'1$ ࣏࣓࣮ࣜࣛࢮࡀṇᖖ࡞᰾㓟ሷᇶࢆᦆയ㒊఩࡟㐠ࡧࠊṇᖖ࡞ሷᇶࡣ '1$ ࣮ࣜ࢞ࢮ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤖ྜࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ୍㐃ࡢసᴗࡣሷᇶ㝖ཤಟ᚟࡜࿧ࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᇶᮏⓗ࡟ᦆയࡋࡓ᰾㓟ሷᇶࡣಟ᚟ࡉࢀࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ㓝⣲ࡀඛኳⓗ࡟ᦆയࡋ࡚࠸ࡓሙྜࠊ᰾㓟ሷᇶࡢಟ᚟ࡣ⾜ࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࠊࡑࡢࡓ
ࡵ㑇ఏ᝟ሗ㏻ࡾࡢ⾲⌧ᆺࢆ㑇ఏࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㓝ẕ⳦ࡣሷᇶ㓄ิࡢኚ໬࡟కࡗ
࡚✺↛ኚ␗ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ✺↛ኚ␗࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡉࡽ࡟ヲࡋࡃ▱ࡿࡓࡵ࡟  ࡘࡢὴ⏕ᐇ㦂ࢆ 006 ᐇ㦂࠿ࡽ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ
ࡉࡏࡿᐇ㦂ࡀᚲせ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ006㸦ᅗ ᗎㄽ

㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ '1$ ᦆയ࡟ࡼࡿኚ␗㓝ẕࢆ⦾Ṫࡉࡏ ⚾ࡓࡕே㛫ࡣ୧ぶ࠿ࡽࡑࢀࡒࢀ␗࡞ࡿሷᇶ㓄ࡿᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

ิ᝟ሗ㸦ࢤࣀ࣒㸧ࢆཷࡅ⥅࠸࡛⏕ࡲࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࢤ

ࣀ࣒࡜ࡣ㔜せ࡞㑇ఏ᝟ሗ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ୍ಶయ࡜ࡋᅗ ࡚ࡢ⏕Ꮡࡸ✀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⦾Ṫࢆḟୡ௦௨㝆࡟ࡲ࡛⥆ࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟እⓗ⎔ቃせᅉ㸦ᨺᑕ⥺ࠊ⣸እ⥺ࠊ໬Ꮫ≀㉁࡞࡝㸧࠿ࡽಖㆤࡉࢀࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ
୍᪉࡛ࠊከ✀ከᵝ࡞⎔ቃࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
᝟ሗࡢኚ␗ࢆಶయ⩌࡟㑇ఏ࡜࠸࠺᪉ἲ࡛ఏ㐩ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㛗࠸᫬௦ࢆ⏕ࡁ࡚ࡁࡓ⚾ࡓࡕே㛫ࡢࢤࣀ࣒ࡶࡲࡔ㐍໬࡟ࡼࡿⓎᒎ㏵ୖ࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࡑࡇ࡛㐍໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚▱ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ㑇ఏᏊࢆኚ␗ 㓝ẕ⳦࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
⚾ࡓࡕࡀ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㓝ẕ⳦㸦ᅗ 㸧࡜ࡣ⏕≀ࡢ✀ྡ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ୍⏕ࢆ༢⣽⬊࡛㐣ࡈࡍ⳦㢮ࡢ⥲⛠ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ⳦࡜࠸࠺ྡ⛠ࡸ୍⏕ࢆ༢⣽⬊࡛㐣ࡈࡍࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ᰾ࡀ↓ࡃ࣑ࢺࢥࣥࢻࣜ࢔ࡸ
ࢦࣝࢪయ࡞࡝ࡢ⣽⬊ᑠჾᐁࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸ཎ᰾⏕≀࡜㛫㐪ࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊ㓝ẕ⳦ࡣ⳦㢮࡟ᒓࡍࡿ┿᰾⏕≀


࡛࠶ࡿࠋ



ᅗ㸳

ᅗ 

ᐇ㦂ෆᐜ

⦾Ṫࡢ㝿ࡣฟⱆ࡟ࡼࡿ↓ᛶ⏕Ṫࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢ㞟ྜయ࡛࠶ࡿࢥࣟࢽ࣮㸦ᅗ 㸧ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࠋ

006 ฎ⌮㸦ᐇ㦂࡛ࡢ㹋㹋㹑ᢞ୚࡟㛵ࡍࡿసᴗ㸧ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ୍ಶయ࡟㉳ࡁࡓሷᇶ㓄ิࡸᰁⰍయࡢ

ࢆࡋࡓ㓝ẕ⳦ࢆ )& ᇵᆅ࡟ᧈࡁࠊ
⦾Ṫࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ
ኚ␗ࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸㓝ẕ⳦࡛ࡣ )&< 㑇ఏᏊ࡟ᒓኚ␗ࡀಶయ⩌࡟ఏࢃࡾࡸࡍ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

ࡍࡿࢩࢺࢩࣥ⬺࢔࣑ࣀ໬㓝⣲㸦)& ࢆάᛶࡉࡏࡿ
㓝⣲㸧ࡀ೺ᅾ࡞ࡢ࡛⮴Ṛ࡟⮳ࡿࠋࢩࢺࢩࣥ⬺࢔࣑ࣀ໬㓝⣲࡜ࡣ⬺࢔࣑ࣀ໬㸦㸫1+ࢆྲྀࡾ㝖ࡃ཯ᛂ㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ )& ࢆ᰾㓟ࡢྜᡂࢆ௦
ㅰᣕᢠ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㜼ᐖࡍࡿ )8㸦㸫ࣇࣝ࢜ࣟ࢘ࣛࢩ
ࣝ㸧࡟ኚ᥮ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋୗᅗࡢ )&㸦ᅗ 㸧࡜ )8


ᅗ 



㸦ᅗ 㸧ࡢ⤌ᡂᘧࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜⬺࢔࣑ࣀ໬ࡀ᫂☜

ᅗ 

࡟࡞ࡿࠋ


 ேⅭⓗ✺↛ኚ␗☜ㄆᐇ㦂┠ⓗ 006 ᐇ㦂࡛㓝ẕ⳦ࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡀ✺↛ኚ␗ࡋࡓࡇ࡜
ࢆ᫂☜࡟ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ
௬ㄝ

ᅗ 

  

ᅗ 

 

 㓝ẕ⳦࡟ࣇࢵ໬ࣆ࣑ࣜࢪࣥ⣔ᢠ┿⳦๣࡛࠶ࡿ)&㸦ᅗ 㸧ࢆຍ࠼ࡓሙྜࠊ⣽⬊ෆ࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ㓝⣲)8 ࡀ⣽⬊ෆ࡟⏕ࡌࡓሙྜࠊ'1$ ࣏࣓࣮ࣜࣛࢮࡀ

࡟άᛶࡋࠊṚ⁛ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ006 ฎ⌮㸦006

࢘ࣛࢩࣝ㸦ᅗ 㸧ࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ࡑࢀࡢ㢮ఝ໬ྜ≀࡛ᢞ୚࡟㛵ࡍࡿసᴗ㸧࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㑇ఏᏊࢆᦆയࡉࡏࡓ࠶ࡿ )8 ࢆㄗࡗ࡚᰾㓟ྜᡂ᫬࡟ሷᇶᑐ࡬ྲྀࡾ㎸ࢇሙྜࠊ୍㑇ఏᏊ୍㓝⣲ㄝ࡟ᚑࡗ࡚㓝⣲ࡣኻάࡍࡿ

࡛ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ

ࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ)&㸦㸫ࣇࣝ࢜ࣟࢩࢺࢩᅗ ࣥ㸧ࡀ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢ㓝⣲࡟άᛶࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᢠ┿⳦๣ධࡾࡢ )& ᇵᆅ㸦ᅗ 㸧࡛ࡶṚ⁛ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃ
ᇵ㣴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡶࡋᇵ㣴࡟ᡂຌࡍࢀࡤࠊ'1$ ᦆയ࡟ࡼࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡢኚ␗ࢆ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢ⦾Ṫ࠿ࡽ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ       ᅗ ࠊ ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ)8 ࡣ࢘ࣛࢩࣝࡢ  ఩࡟Ꮡࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᅾࡍࡿỈ⣲ࡀࣇࢵ⣲࡟⨨ࡁ᥮ࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜௨

እ࡟ᵓ㐀ࡢᕪ␗ࡀ࡞ࡃࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡿ≀㉁࡛࠶
ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
⣽⬊ෆ࡛ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡲࢀࡓ )8 ࡣࣜࣥ㓟໬ࡉࢀࡓ)G803㸦ࣇࣝ࢜ࣟࢹ࢜࢟ࢩ࢘ࣜࢪࣥ㓟㸧࡟௦ㅰࡍࡿࠋ)G803 ࡣࢳ࣑ࣥࢆྜᡂࡍࡿࢳ࣑ࢪࣝ㓟ྜᡂ㓝⣲࡟ᇶ㉁࡜ࡋ࡚άᛶࡋࠊゐ፹࡜ࡋ࡚స⏝ࡋࡓ㓝⣲ࢆኻάࡉࡏࡿ㸦௦ㅰᣕᢠ㸧
ࠋ

ᅗ 

ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ'1$ ྜᡂ࡟ᚲせ࡞᰾㓟ሷᇶ࡛࠶ࡿࢳ࣑ᅗ  㓝ẕࢆ྾ࢃ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ࢧࣥࣉࣝ࠿ࡽ⁛⳦Ỉࡢࣥࡀྜᡂࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ '1$ ྜᡂࡣ⾜ࢃࢀࡎࠊ㓝ẕࡳࢆᢤࡁྲྀࡿࠋ

⳦ࡣ⮴Ṛ࡟⮳ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ௬ㄝࡀṇࡋ࠸ሙྜࠊ006 ฎ⌮࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ ࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮ࢆ ȣεࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟࠸ࢀ࡚ࠊᡭ㡰)&< 㑇ఏᏊࢆᦆയࡋࡓ㓝ẕ⳦ࡣࢩࢺࢩࣥ⬺࢔࣑   ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࣎ࣝࢸࢵࢡࢫ࡜㐲ᚰศ㞳ჾࣀ໬㓝⣲ࡢാࡁࡀᦆ࡞ࢃࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ'1$ࢆ౑⏝ᚋࠊࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮ࡢࡳࢆᢤࡁྲྀࡿࠋ

ྜᡂࢆ㜼ᐖࡍࡿ≀㉁ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ)& ᇵᆅ࡛ ᡭ㡰  ࢆྜィ  ᅇ⾜࠺ࠋࡶ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢ⦾Ṫࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟ࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮ࢆ ȣε࠸ࢀ࡚࣎ࣝ
ࢸࢵࢡࢫࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࠋᐇ㦂᪉ἲ ࢞ࢫࣂ࣮ࢼ࣮࡟ⅆࢆࡘࡅࠊ⅖ࡢ㧗ࡉࢆ⮬ศࡢ ࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟⃰ᗘ 㸣ࡢ 006 ࢆ ȣεຍ࠼ࡿࠋ

┠⥺ࡢ఩⨨ࡄࡽ࠸࡟ࡍࡿࠋ ჾලࡢᐦ㛢ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࡽⅆࢆᾘࡋࠊࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ  ศ㛫᣺┞ࡍࡿࠋ ᮘࡢୖ࡜ᡭࡸ⭎ࢆ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮࡛ࣝᾘẘࡍࡿࠋ ᡭ㡰    ࢆࡸࡾࠊᐇ㦂ࡢ‽ഛࢆࡍࡿࠋ ࢚ࢵ࣌ࣥࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ㸦ᅗ 㸧ࢆ ࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ㐲ᚰศ㞳ჾ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ࠊࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮ᚲせ࡞ᩘྲྀࡾฟࡋࠊ⁛⳦Ỉࢆ ȣεධࢀࡿࠋࢆᢤࡁྲྀࡿࠋᅗ  ⁛⳦Ỉࢆ౑ࡗ࡚ᡭ㡰    ࢆࡸࡿࠋ ⁛⳦Ỉࢆ ȣεධࢀ࣎ࣝࢸࢵࢡࢫࡍࡿࠋ ࢭࣝ㸦ᅗ 㸧࡟⁛⳦Ỉ ȣεධࡾ࡜ࠊ⁛⳦Ỉ ȣε࡜㓝ẕ⳦ධࡾ⁛⳦Ỉ ȣεධࢀࡓࡶࡢࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿࠋ ศගගᗘィ㸦ᅗ 㸧࡛㓝ẕ⳦ࡢ⃮ᗘࢆࡿࠋ ࠶ࡽ࠿ࡌࡵᇵ㣴ࡋ࡚࠾࠸ࡓ㓝ẕ⳦㸦86㸧ࢆᇵᆅ࠿ࡽ࠿ࡁ࡜ࡾࠊ࢚ࢵ࣌ࣥࢳ࣮ࣗࣈෆࡢ⁛⳦Ỉࡀⓑࡃ⃮ࡿࡃࡽ࠸ࡢ㔞ࢆΰࡐࡿࠋͤ 㓝ẕධࡾࡢ࢚ࢵ࣌ࣥࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࢆ௨ୗ࡛ࡣࢧࣥ
ࣉࣝ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ ࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ࣎ࣝࢸࢵࢡࢫ㸦ᅗ 㸧࡛࠿ࡁΰࡐ



ᅗ 



㐲ᚰศ㞳ᶵ ᅗ  ࡟࠿ࡅࡿࠋᅗ  ⃮ᗘ࠿ࡽィ⟬ᘧࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᕼ㔘ࢆࡍࡿࠋ )& ᇵᆅ࡟㓝ẕ⳦ࢆࡲࡃ㸦⣙  ༓୓ಶ㸧ࠋ ᩘ᪥㛫ࡢᇵ㣴ᚋࠊ⦾Ṫࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ
ͤ006 ฎ⌮࡟࠾࠸࡚ᡭ㡰  ࡲ࡛ࡣྠᵝࡉࡽ࡟ࠊྠࡌᇵᆅෆ࡛ࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ࡯ࡰ

⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹᆒ୍ࡔࡀࠊ௚ࡢᇵᆅ࡜ẚ࡭ࡿ࡜኱ࡁࡉ࡟㐪࠸ࡀ࠶ᅗ ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ┠ศ㔞࡛☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡣ  ࡘࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮࡟㞟ྜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢᩘࡀከ࠸࡯࡝኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࠋᅗ  ࠿ࡽࠊࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡀᑠࡉࡃᩘࡀከ࠸ᇵᆅ࡜ࢥ
ࣟࢽ࣮ࡀ኱ࡁࡃᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ᇵᆅࡀ࠶ࡿࡢࢆ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࠾ࡑࡽࡃࠊࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡀᑠࡉࡃᩘࡀከ࠸ᇵᆅ࡛ࡣ
006 ࡟ࡼࡿᦆയࡀẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊᑡ࡞࠸ᅗ 㓝ẕ⳦ᩘ࡛ࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࢆ㛗ᮇ㛫ᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡽࢀࡿ
ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡀ኱ࡁࡃᩘࡀᑡ࡞࠸ᇵᆅ࡛ࡣ
006 ࡟ࡼࡿᦆയࡣ௚ᇵᆅࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁࡃᑡ࡞࠸㓝ẕ⳦ᩘ࡛ࡣࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࢆᙧᡂ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ  ࡘࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮࡟ࡼࡾከࡃࡢ㓝ẕ⳦ࡀ㞟ྜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࢁ
࠺ࠋ
 006 ฎ⌮ࢆࡋࡓࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ  ಶࠊ↓ฎ⌮ࡢࢧࣥࡲࡓࠊ⦾Ṫ࡟ࡣ  㐌㛫㏆ࡃせࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ
ࣉࣝࢆ  ಶ⏝ពࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⌮⏤ࡣᐃ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ⦾Ṫ᫬࡟᭱ࡶ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮

ኚ␗๓ࡢ 86㸦ᅗ 㸧࡜ẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ )& ᇵᆅ࠿ࡽࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࢀࡤࠊᰤ㣴せồᰴ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㏻

ࡣⷧ࠸㉥Ⰽ࠿ࡽ⃰࠸㉥Ⰽࡲ࡛ఱⰍ࠿ࡢ㉥Ⰽࢥࣟ

ᖖࡢ 86 ࡼࡾࡶᇵᆅ࡛ࡢ⦾Ṫࡀ㐜࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸

ࢽ࣮ࡢ⦾Ṫࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸦ᅗ 㸧ࠋࡑࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮

࠿࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ

ࢆᥙࡁ࡜ࡗ࡚ኚ␗๓ࡢ 86 ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚㢧ᚤ㙾࡛ほᐹࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ㉥Ⰽࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡣ㓝ẕ⳦࡛࠶ࡿࡇ

࢔ࢹࢽࣝ㓟ྜᡂ⤒㊰࡜࢔ࢹࢽࣥせồᰴ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᅗ 㐣ཤࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ86 ࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋᇵ㣴ࡍࡿ࡜㉥Ⰽ࡟࡞ࡿሙྜࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡽࡎ
Ꮡᅾࡋࡓ㸦ᅗ 㸪㸧
ࠋ86 ࡣ࢔ࢹࢽࣝ㓟㸦$03㸧
ࢆྜᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ $'( 㑇ఏᏊ㸦ᅗ 㸧ࢆᦆയࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࢔ࢹࢽࣥせồᰴ DGH ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ
ከࡃࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆᚲせ࡜ࡍࡿ⦾Ṫࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ
⾜࠺࡜࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮౪⤥㔞ࡀ⦾Ṫ࡟ᚲせ࡞ᇶ‽್ࢆ‶ࡓࡏ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡾ㉥Ⰽ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ

 



ᅗ 



ᅗ 


㓝ẕ⳦ࡢሙྜࡣᅗ  ࡢᡭ㡰࡛࣮ࣜ࣎ࢫ࠿ࡽ ࢔⤖ㄽ࠿ࡽᨵၿⅬ࣑ࣀ࢖࣑ࢲࢰ࣮ࣝࣜ࣎ࢩࢻࢆ㐠ࢇ࡛࠸ࡁࠊ ಶࡢ

௬ㄝ࡛㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ '1$ ᦆയ࡟ࡼࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡢኚ␗

㑇ఏᏊ $'(㹼$'( ࢆ⤒⏤ࡋ࡚࢔ࢹࢽࣝ㓟㸦$03㸧ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵᙜึࡢᐇ㦂┠ⓗࡣ㐩ᡂࡋࡓࠋ

ࢆ⮬ࡽ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࠋ

ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ᐇ㦂┠ⓗࢆタࡅࠊࠕ࢔ࢹࢽࣥせࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ$'(㹼$'( ࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡢ࡝ࢀ࠿ࡀḞᦆࡋồᰴ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ኚ␗㓝ẕࢆ⦾Ṫࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠖ࡟Ỵᐃࡋࡓሙྜࡣᅗ  ࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ែ࡟࡞ࡿࠋᅗ  ࡣ 86ࡓࠋᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡋࠊ➨  ┠ⓗࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡢᵝ࡟ $'( ࢆḞᦆࡋࡓ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢ࢔ࢹࢽࣝ㓟ྜᡂࡓࡵࡢ  ࡘࡢᨵၿⅬࢆタࡅࡓࠋ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ$'(㹼$'( ࡲ࡛ࡣṇᖖ࡞㑇ఏᏊ࡛࠶ࡿࡓ

ࡵ㓝⣲ࡀാࡁࠊ࢔࣑ࣀ࢖࣑ࢲࢰ࣮ࣝࣜ࣎ࢩࢻࡀ

ᐇ㦂࡛ )& ᇵᆅ࡟⦾Ṫࡋࡓ㓝ẕ⳦ࡣ࢔ࢹࢽࣥせ㡰ᙜ࡟㐠ࡤࢀࡿࠋࡔࡀࠊ$'( ࡀḞᦆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ

ồᰴ㸦㉥Ⰽ㓝ẕ⳦㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢᐇ

$'( 㑇ఏᏊࡢ㓝⣲ࡀኻάࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࢀ௨㝆㦂࡛ࡣ )& ᇵᆅ࡟ຍ࠼ࡿ࢔ࢹࢽࣥࡢ㔞ࢆቑຍࡍࡿ

ࡢ࢔ࢹࢽࣝ㓟ྜᡂࡲ࡛ࡢ཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡽ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ

ࡘࡶࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸦⌧ᅾቑຍ㔞ࡣ᳨ウ୰㸧ࠋᇵᆅ୰ࡢ

ࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ㐠ࡤࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ ࢔࣑ࣀ࢖࣑ࢲࢰ࣮ࣝࣜ

࢔ࢹࢽࣥࡀ༑ศ࡞㔞࡟㐩ࡍࢀࡤ㓝ẕ⳦ࡣ⮬ࡽ࢔࣎ࢩࢻࡀ⵳✚ࠊ㔜ྜࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ࢔࣑ࣀ࢖࣑ࢲ

ࢹࢽࣥࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿാࡁ⮬యࡀᚲせ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵ

ࢰ࣮ࣝࣜ࣎ࢩࢻࡀ㔜ྜࡍࡿ࡜㉥Ⰽ⣲ࢆᣢࡗࡓ࣏

࢔ࢹࢽࣥࢆ⮬ศ࡛⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡢࢆࡸࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࡑ

ࣜࣜ࣎ࢩ࣭ࣝ࢔࣑ࣀ࢖࣑ࢲࢰ࣮ࣝ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

ࡢࡓࡵࠊ$'( ࡀḞᦆࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶᅗ  ࡢᵝ࡟⣽⬊ෆ࡟㉥Ⰽ≀㉁ࡀ⵳✚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᅗ ㉥Ⰽ㓝ẕ⳦ࡀ⦾Ṫࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ)& ᇵᆅ࡟⦾Ṫࡍࡿ㓝ẕ⳦ࡣᰤ㣴ࡢ㊊ࡾࡓኚ␗㓝ẕ࡟࡞ࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᐇ㦂࡛㓝ẕ⳦ࡀ⦾Ṫࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ⌮⏤ࡣ )& ᇵᆅ࡟ᧈ࠸ࡓ㓝ẕ⳦ࡢᩘࡀᑡ࡞ࡍࡂࡓࡓࡵࡔ࡜ᛮࢃ
ࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ௒ࡲ࡛௨ୖࡢ㓝ẕ⳦ࢆ)& ᇵᆅ࡟ᧈࡃࡘࡶࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᩘࢆቑຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜
࡟ࡼࡾࠊ௒ࡲ࡛ࡼࡾࡶ '1$ ᦆയ࡟ࡼࡿኚ␗㓝ẕࡀධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ☜⋡ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊᐇ㦂࡛ )& ᇵᆅ࡟㓝ẕ⳦ࡀ⦾Ṫࡍࡿ☜⋡ࡶకࡗ࡚㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ࢔ࢹࢽࣥせồᰴ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ኚ␗㓝ẕࡀ⦾Ṫࡋࡔ࠸ࠊኚ␗
๓ࡢ 86 ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ኚ␗๓ᚋ࡛ᙧ㉁ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺
࡟ኚ␗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡔࡀሷᇶ㓄ิࡣኚ␗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᙧ㉁ࡀᚲ

㉥Ⰽ⣲ࢆᣢࡘࡇࡢ≀㉁ࡀ⣽⬊ෆ࡟⵳✚ࡍࡿ࡜㓝ࡎࡋࡶኚ␗ࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㢧ᚤ㙾࡛ほᐹẕ⳦ࡣእ࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡜㉥Ⰽ࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࠋࡋࡓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶኚ␗๓ᚋ࡛ᙧ㉁࡟ኚ໬ࡣ㉳ࡁ࡞࠸ࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ)& ᇵᆅ࡟⦾Ṫࡋࡓ㓝ẕ⳦ࡀ㉥Ⰽࡔྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡗࡓࡢࡣᅗ  ࡜ྠࡌ཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡁࡓࡓࡵ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ

ࡢࡔࢁ࠺ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ㛗ᮇ㛫ࡢ⦾Ṫ࡟ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ

4.࣑࣍ࣝࢩࢫຠᯝᐇ㦂࡜࠿ࡽࠊᰤ㣴ኻㄪ࡛㉥Ⰽ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠶ࡗ
࡚㓝ẕ⳦ࡢಖᏑ≧ែ࡟ࡣᙳ㡪ࡀ↓࠸ࡶࡢ࡜ᛮࢃ

1.┠ⓗ

ࢀࡿࠋ

ே㛫ࡀప⃰ᗘࡢᨺᑕ⥺ࢆᾎࡧ࡚ච␿ຊࡀୖࡀࡿ

ࡢ࡞ࡽ㓝ẕ࡟ࡶྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࢀࡤ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀୖࡀἨᗘࡣ㸷㸶Υ࡟㐩ࡋࠊᙉ㓟ᛶ㸦ph1.2㸧࡛ࠊᚤࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿

㔞ࡢࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢆྵ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡣ ἨỈࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᒾ▼ࠊ‫ྵࡶ࡟ⰼࡢ‮‬᭷ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

2.௬ㄝ

⋢ᕝ Ἠࡀ࡞ࡐ࢞ࣥࡢ‫‮‬἞࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡑࡢຠᯝ

ᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏ࡢཎⓎࡢᙳ㡪࡛ࡼࡃᨺᑕ⬟࡟ࡘ࠸࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᰿ᣐࡣࡣࡗࡁࡾࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࣛࢪ࢘

࡚⪥࡟ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᨺᑕ⥺ࡣ⮬↛࣒ࡀ࢔ࣝࣇ࢓ᔂቯࡋࡓẼయࢆࣛࢻࣥ࡜࠸࠸ࠊⱝᖸ

⏺࡟ࡶᏑᅾࡋࠊᡃࠎࡶ᪥ᖖⓗ࡟ᨺᑕ⥺ࢆᾎࡧ࡞ࡀ

ࡢỈ⁐ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࣛࢻࣥ࢞ࢫࢆ྾ධࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ⫵ࡽ⏕άࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㺂඲ࡃᨺᑕ⥺ࡢ࡞࠸⏕άάືࡣ࠶

࠿ࡽయෆ࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴࡇ࡜࡛㺀࣑࣍ࣝࢩࢫຠᯝࠖࢆ

ࡾ࠼࡞࠸ࠋ᭱㏆ࡢ◊✲࡛ࠊࡇࡢᨺᑕ⥺ࢆᾎࡧࡿ஦

⏕ࡴ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡣ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡟࡛೺ᗣ࡟࡞ࡿࠕᨺᑕ⥺࣑࣍ࣝࢩࢫຠᯝࠖࡀὀ┠ࢆド᫂ࡉࢀࡓࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ⌧ᅾࡢᨺᑕ⥺㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ࠊ࠸ࡲࡔ඲࡚ࡀゎ᫂ࡉࢀࡓ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㓝ẕ࡟ࡶ࣑࣍ࣝࢩ

ヂ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᮍ▱ᩘࡢ㒊ศࡶࡓࡃࡉࢇ࠶ࡿࠋ⮬↛ࢫຠᯝࡣྍ⬟࡞ࡢ࠿࡜ᛮ࠸ᐇ㦂ࢆጞࡵ࡚ࡳࡓࠋ

ᨺᑕ⥺㔞ࡣᆅᇦ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㐪࠸,ᨺᑕ⥺ࢆᾎࡧࢀࡤ

࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚ప⥺㔞ᨺᑕ⥺࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㌟యࡀά

࢞ࣥ࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࠸࠺┤⥺௬ㄝⓗ࡞⪃࠼᪉࡛ࡣࠊㄝ᫂

ᛶ໬ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡢ⣽⬊ࡢཎᏊࡢ࿘ࡾ࡟ࡣ㟁࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ලయⓗ࡞౛ࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣࠊᏊࡀᅇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡟ᨺᑕ⥺࡜࠸࠺࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮

࠶ࡿ୍ᐃ㔞ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡞ࡽࡤࠊᨺᑕ⥺ࡣᾎࡧࡓ᪉ࡀⰋ

㔞ࡢ㧗࠸㟁☢Ἴࡀ㏻㐣ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᨺᑕ⥺ࡢ㟁㞳స⏝࠸࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡀࠕᚤ㔞ᨺᑕ⥺࣑࣍ࣝࢩࢫຠᯝࠖ

࡟ࡼࡾ㟁Ꮚࡀ㌶㐨ࢆእࢀ࡚⮬⏤㟁Ꮚ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚㉮ࡢ⪃࠼᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡾᅇࡾࡲࢃࡿࠋඖ⣲ࡸཎᏊ࡟ධࡾ㎸ࢇ࡛ࡣ࣐࢖ࢼ
ࢫ࢖࢜ࣥࢆసࡾࠊ㣕ࡧฟࡋ࡚ࡣࣉࣛࢫ࢖࢜ࣥ࡜࡞

ᅗ 19ࡿ࡞࡝ࠊ࢖࢜ࣥ໬࡟ࡼࡾ໬Ꮫ཯ᛂࢆάᛶ໬ࡉࡏࡿࠋ

┤᥋ⓗ⪃䛘᪉

㌟య࡟ᰤ㣴⣲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡓࡃࡉࢇࡢᮦᩱࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ࡜
ࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ໬Ꮫ཯ᛂࡀ㉳ࡇࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤࠊ㌟యࢆάᛶ༴㝤ᗘ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢࢆసࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋᨺᑕ⥺ࡀ㏻㐣ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㟁Ꮚࡀ࢖࢜ࣥ໬ࡋ࡚໬Ꮫ཯ᛂࡀά
Ⓨ࡟࡞ࡾࠊ㌟య࡟࠶ࡿᰤ㣴⣲ࢆᮦᩱ࡟ࡋ࡚㉁ࡢⰋ
ᑠᨺᑕ⥺㔞㽢᫬㛫࠸ࢱࣥࣃࢡ㉁ࠊ㓝⣲ࢆసࡾฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

኱ᨺᑕ⥺ࡣ⣽⬊ࡢ᰾࡟࠶ࡿ㑇ఏᏊ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ่⃭࡜ࡋ࡚ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊ㓝⣲ࢆసࡗ࡚ⱝࡉࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡀάᛶ໬ࡍࡿࠋ⣽䝩䝹䝭䝅䝇ຠᯝⓗ⪃䛘᪉⬊⭷ࡢ㏱㐣ᛶࢆⰋࡃࡋ࡚⪁໬ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࠋ࢞ࣥࡢࡼ
࠺࡟ኚᐜࡋࡓ⣽⬊ࢆ࢔࣏ࢺ࣮ࢩࢫ(⮬ࡽࡢṚ)࡟ᑟ

༴㝤ᗘࡃ࢞ࣥᢚไ㑇ఏᏊࡶቑຍࡍࡿࠋᨺᑕ⥺࡜࠸࠺ᙉⅯ
࡞่⃭ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾ⮬ࡽࡢ㌟ࡢ㜵⾨ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㑇ఏᏊࡀቑ࠼࡚ࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟⏕యࡢάᛶ໬࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡢ
ᑠᨺᑕ⥺㔞㽢᫬㛫࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ⏕య㜵ᚚ࡟㛵ࢃࡿ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ㑇ఏᏊࡀ኱άᛶ໬ࡋࠊᢠ㓟໬㓝⣲ࡸྛ✀࣍ࣝࣔࣥࡀసࡽࢀࡿ

㻌࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

⛅⏣┴࡟⋢ᕝ Ἠ࡜࠺࠸࠺࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇࡣ
௒ࡸ࢞ࣥࡢ‫‮‬἞ᐈ࡛ண⣙ࢆ࡜ࡿࡢࡶࡦ࡜ⱞປࡢேẼ Ἠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸦‫‮‬἞ᐈࡢ 8 ๭ࡣ࢞ࣥᝈ⪅㸧※


䝷䝆䜴䝮

௨ୗࡢ 006 ฎ⌮ࡣྠᵝᢠ⭘⒆ຠᯝ

 <3' ᇵᆅ࡟㓝ẕ⳦ࢆࡲࡃ㸦⣙  ಶ㸧ࠋ  ᪥㛫࢖࣮࣮ࣥ࢟ࣗ࣋ࢱ࡟ධࢀࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢᚋࠊ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࢆồࡵࡿప⥺㔞ᨺᑕ⥺

DNA





άᛶ㓟⣲


⤖ᯝ
Ἠ࡟ධࡗ࡚ప⃰ᗘࡢᨺᑕ⥺ࢆᐇ㦂ࡣኻᩋࡋࡓࠋ ᅇᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊ࡝ࡕࡽࡶ

ᾎࡧ࡚ࡀࢇ࡬ࡢච␿ຊࡀ࠶ࡀࡿࡢ࡞ࡽࠊ㓝ẕ࡟ࣛᇵᆅࡀࡲࡔ༑ศ࡟஝࠸࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡟ᐇ㦂࡟౑⏝ࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ୍ᐃ᫬㛫࠶ࡧࡏ࡚ࡀࢇࡢ௦ࢃࡾ࡟㹋㹋ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࠊỈศࡀከࡃ࡚ࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡢᩘࢆᩘ࠼ࡿ

㹑࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ࠶ࡓ࠼࡚ࡳࢀࡤ㓝ẕࡢච␿ຊࡶ

ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢ࡜ࡁၥ㢟ⅬࡀⓎ࠶ࡀࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠋ

⏕ࡋࡓࠋ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊᐇ㦂ᐊ࡟࠶ࡗࡓࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ౑

⏝ࡋࡓࠋ㹁㹎㹋࡜࠸࠺  ศ㛫࡟ᨺᑕ⥺ࡀᨺฟࡍࡿ

ᐇ㦂ෆᐜ

ᩘࡶㄪ࡭ࡓࠋࡔࡀࠊ⫢ᚰࡢ⋢ᕝ Ἠࡢࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ

㓝ẕࢆࡲ࠸ࡓᇵᆅ࡟୍㐌㛫ࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ࠶࡚ࠊ⏕Ꮡ㹁㹎㹋ࢆㄪ࡭࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊࡇࢀ࡛ࡣே㛫࡟୚࠼ࡿࣛ

⋡ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿ

ࢪ࣒࢘ࡢᨺᑕ⬟⃰ᗘࡼࡾࠊ㓝ẕ࡟୚࠼ࡿᨺᑕ⬟⃰ᗘࡢ࡯࠺ࡀᙉ࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ⌧ᅾࡣࠊ⋢ᕝ Ἠே㛫ࡀࣛࢪ࣒࢘

ࡢࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࡢ㹁㹎㹋ࢆィ ࡋࠊࡑࡋ࡚ᐇ㝿࡟⋢ᕝ 㓝ẕ⣙  ಶࡲ࠸ࡓᇵᆅ  ࡘ࡟ࡦ࡜ࡘࡎࡘࣛ

Ἠࡢࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㓝ẕ࡟ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼

ࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࡢࡏࡿ

࡚ࡶ࠺୍ᗘᑐ↷ᐇ㦂ࢆࡍࡿࠋ ᑐ↷ᐇ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚ࣛࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࡢࡏ࡞࠸㓝ẕࡢᇵᆅࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿ ᐊ

006 ⪏ᛶ㓝ẕㄏᑟᐇ㦂୍࡛㐌㛫㟼⨨ࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ





ᅗ 

⚾ࡓࡕࡣ࣑࣍ࣝࢩࢫຠᯝࢆ౑ࡗࡓᐇ㦂ࢆ⪃᱌ࡋࡓ࠶࡜ࠊ࡯࠿ࡢ᪉ἲ࡛ࡶ㓝ẕ࡟ 006 ⪏ᛶࢆࡘࡅࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ௒ࡲ࡛౑ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡓ 006 ࢆⷧࡵ࡚ᢞ୚ࡍࢀࡤ '1$ ࡟ᙅ࠸ࢲ࣓࣮
ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ'1$ ಟ᚟ᶵ⬟ࡀ㧗ࡲࡾࠊ⃰࠸ 006 ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓ᫬ࡢ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸽࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ」ᩘᅇⷧ࠸ 006
࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓࡽ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ኚ໬

ࣛࢪ࣒࢘ $ ࡣ FSPࣛࢪ࣒࢘ % ࡣ FSPࣛࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺␲ၥࡶᾋ࠿ࢇࡔࡓࡵࠊ」ᩘᅇⷧ

ࢪ࣒࢘ & ࡣ FSPͤFSP ศ࠶ࡓࡾࡢᨺᑕ⥺ィ ᅇᩘ࡛ᨺᑕ⥺㔞ᐇ㦂┠ⓗ006 ࡣⓎࡀࢇᛶ≀㉁࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⪏ᛶࢆ 㐌㛫㟼⨨ࡋࡓ㓝ẕ࡟ 006 ฎ⌮ࢆࡍࡿࠋ

ࡘࡅࡿᐇ㦂ࡀ㐍ࡵࡤࡀࢇࡢண㜵ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ

࠸ 006 ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡳࡓࠋ

࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋȣε࡜㓝ẕධࡾ⁛⳦Ỉ ȣεධࢀࡓࡶࡢ

ࡲࡓࠊ㓝ẕࡣ '1$ ࡢᵓ㐀ࡀே㛫࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ

ࢆసࡿே㛫࡟ᛂ⏝ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋ(9) ศගගᗘィ࡛㓝ẕࡢ⃮ᗘࢆ

ࡿࠋ

௬ㄝ

(10) ィ⟬ࡋ࡚࡝ࢀࡃࡽ࠸ᕼ㔘ࡍࢀࡤ࠸࠸࠿ࢆ๭
ࡾฟࡍ㓝ẕ࡟࠶ࡽ࠿ࡌࡵⷧ࠸ 006 ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊ

(11) ࢚ࢵ࣌ࣥࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟ྲྀࡾฟࡋࠊᕼ㔘ࢆ㓝ẕ࡟ 006 ⪏ᛶࡀࡘࡁࠊ࠸ࡁ࡞ࡾ⃰࠸ 006 ࡛ࢲ࣓ࡍࡿ࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓ㓝ẕ࡟ẚ࡭࡚⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࠋࡲࡓ」ᩘᅇⷧ࠸ 006 ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓሙྜࡣࠊ

ᇵᆅ࡟㓝ẕࢆࡲࡃ㸦⣙  ಶ㸧ᅇᩘࡀከ࠸࡯࡝⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡲࡿࠋ(12) 㹼 ᪥࢖࣮࣮ࣥ࢟ࣗ࣋ࢱࡢ୰࡟ධࢀ࡚ᇵ㣴ࡍࡿ(13)  ࡛ᇵ㣴ࡋࡓ⃰ᗘ 㸣㸣ࡢ 006 ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡢ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡢฟࡋ᪉

ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓ㓝ẕ࡟ࠊୖグࡢᡭ㡰࡛⃰ᗘ 㸣ࡢଷ㸣ࠊ଴Ǥଷ㸣ࡢ ୑୑ୗ ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼࡚࠿ࡽ ଷ଴㸣ࡢ ୑୑ୗ ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓ㓝ẕࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮ᩘ

006 ࢆᢞ୚ࡋ࡚ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼࡚࠿ࡽᇵ㣴ࡋࠊଷ଴㸣ࡢ ୑୑ୗ ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓ㓝ẕࡢࢥࣟࢽ࣮ᩘ

ࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡢᩘࢆᩘ࠼ࠊ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࢆฟࡍ






ᐇ㦂ࡢᡭ㡰

006 ᢞ୚ࡢ௙᪉

⏝ពࡍࡿࡶࡢ

ࢳࢵࣉࠊ࢚ࢵ࣌ࣥࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࠊ⁛⳦Ỉࠊࣜࣥ㓟࢝ࣜͤᩘᏐࡣఱ㸣ࡢ 006 ࢆᢞ୚ࡍࡿ࠿

࣒࢘ࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮ࠊ࢚ࢱࣀ࣮ࣝࠊࣆ࣌ࢵࢺ࣐ࣥࠊ࢟

࣒࣡࢖ࣉࠊࣃࣛࣇ࢕࣒ࣝࠊ006㸦⃰ᗘ 㸣ࠊ㸣ࠊ㸣㸧ࠊ࣐ࢵࢳࠊⓑ㔠⪥ࠊࣆࣥࢭࢵࢺࠊࢥ࣮ࣥࣛ
ࢪᲬࠊ<3' ᇵᆅࠊ࢞ࢫࣂ࣮ࢼ࣮ࠊ࣎ࣝࢸࢵࢡࢫࠊ
㐲ᚰศ㞳ᶵࠊࣅ࣮࣮࢝ࠊ࣐࢖ࢿ࣮࣒࣌ࣥࢳࢵࣉࠊ
⁛⳦Ỉࠊࣜࣥ㓟࣒࢝ࣜ࢘ࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮ࠊ࢚ࢵ࣌ࣥࢳ
࣮ࣗࣈࡣ๓ࡶࡗ࡚࣮࢜ࢺࢡ࣮ࣞࣈ࡛⁛⳦ࡋ࡚ࠊࢡ
࣮ࣜࣥ࣋ࣥࢳࡢ୰࡟ධࢀ࡚࠾ࡃ(1) ௨ୗࡢ 006 ฎ⌮ࡣྠᵝ(2) ∦᪉ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟ࡣ⃰ᗘ 㸣ࠊࡶ࠺∦᪉ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟ࡣ 㸣ࡢ 006 ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ ȣεࡎ




ࡘຍ࠼ࡿ



(3) ჾලࡢᐦ㛢ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࡽⅆࢆᾘࡋࠊࢧࣥࣉࣝ

ࢆ  ศ㛫ࢩࣕࢵࣇࣝࡍࡿ
(4) ᡭ㡰ձղࢆࡸࡾࠊᐇ㦂ࡢ‽ഛࢆࡍࡿ(5) ࢧࣥࣉࣝࢆ㐲ᚰศ㞳ჾ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ࠊࣂࢵࣇ࢓࣮

ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡭ㡰࡛  ᅇࡲ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼࡚⏕Ꮡ⋡ࢆㄪ࡭࡚࠸ࡃࠋ

ࢆᢤࡁྲྀࡿ
(6) ࣂ ࢵ ࣇ ࢓ ࣮ ࡢ ௦ ࢃ ࡾ ࡟ ⁛ ⳦ Ỉ ࢆ ౑ ࡗ ࡚ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ   ࡢᡭ㡰ࢆࡸࡿ㸣ࡢ 006 ࢆᢞ୚㸸ࢥࣟࢽ࣮ᩘ  ಶ㸦⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡢ(7) ⁛⳦Ỉࢆ ȣε࠸ࢀ࡚࣎ࣝࢸࢵࢡࢫࡍࡿᇶ‽㸧(8) ࢭࣝ࡟⁛⳦Ỉ ȣε࠸ࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࠊ⁛⳦Ỉ

㸦㸣㸧



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350

0.3%30%

300

3%30%

250
200
150
100
50
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2ᅇ

3ᅇ

4ᅇ

5ᅇ

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
ⷧ࠸ 006 ࡛ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ୚࠼ࡓᅇᩘ
⪃ᐹ᭱ึࡣ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀୖࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ࠶࡜࠿ࡽ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀୗࡀࡾጞࡵࡓࡢࡣ㓝ẕ࡟ࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࡀ⵳✚ࡋࡍࡂࡓࡓࡵࡔ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ
ࡲࡓࠊ㸣ࡢࢲ࣓࣮ࢪࢆ  ᅇ୚࠼ࡓ㓝ẕࡢ⏕Ꮡ⋡ࡀ࠸ࡁ࡞ࡾ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ㓝ẕࡀ 006 ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⪏ᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿㅰ㎡㟼ᒸ኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊⏕≀⛉Ꮫ⛉ ଢ଼୸ᩗྐᩍᤵཧ⪃ᩥ⊩≉チ⤂௓㸸㉥ⰍΎ㓇㓝ẕࠊᨺᑕ⥺་Ꮫ⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤࠊ'1$ ಟ᚟ࠊࢣ࣑࢝ࣝࣂ࢖࢜ࣟࢪ࣮ᇶ♏ࠊ ឡ▱┴❧ᒸᓮ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ ⢊⢏యࡢᒙ໬ཬࡧศ㞳࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲
5HVHDUFKRQVWUDWLILFDWLRQDQGVHSDUDWLRQRIJUDQXODUPDWHULDOV୸ᒣὈ ⴗཎ୍ᩯ

Abstract
Granular materials have different character from general fluid. So they sometimes carry out interesting behavior. For
example if a sand hill is formed with mixture of two kinds of granular materials, stratification and separation take place. In
this research, I bring out the cause.
せ⣙⢊⢏య࡟ࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ὶయ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿᛶ㉁ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟᫬࡜ࡋ࡚㠃ⓑ࠸᣺ࡿ⯙࠸ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ 2 ✀ΰྜࡢ⢊⢏య࡛◁ᒣࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᒙ໬ࡸศ㞳ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࡑࡢཎᅉࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
ึࡵ࡟
 1995 ᖺ Hernan Makse ࡽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ 2 ✀ΰྜ⢊⢏య࡟ࡼࡿᒙ໬⌧㇟ࡀⓎぢࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡣ 2 ᯛࡢᯈࡢ⊃࠸✵㛫࡟኱ࡁࡉࡸᙧ≧ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ 2 ✀ࡢ⢊⢏యࢆΰࡐࡓࡶࡢ
ࢆὶࡋ㎸ࡴ࡜ࠊ࠸ࡃࡘࡶࡢ୍ᐃࡢཌࡉ࡛ᒙࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ
࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࡔ ᅗ 1 ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ༢⣧࡟ᒙ໬ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࡔࡅ࡛
ᅗ 3ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᅗ 2 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ศ㞳ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋඛ⾜◊ ヨᩱཬࡧᐇ㦂⿦⨨
ඛ࡟㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡣ⢏ᚄཬࡧᏳᜥゅ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ␗࡞ࡿ⢏ᚄࠊᏳᜥゅࠊࡑࢀ࡟ຍ࠼࡚ᵝࠎ࡞ᐦᗘࠊᙧࡢ⢊⢏యࢆ⏝ពࡍࡿࠋᖜ 5 ੈࠊ8 ੈࠊ10 ੈ࡟ᅛᐃࡋࡓ 2 ᯛࡢᖏ㟁㜵Ṇ࢔ࢡࣜࣝᯈࠊࡑࡋ࡚⿦⨨ࡢ୧ഃ࡟␗࡞ࡿ኱ࡁࡉࡢⴠୗཱྀࢆࡘࡃࡗࡓ ᅗ 4 ࠋ௨ୗࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ᩿ࡾࡢ࡞࠸㝈ࡾࠊᖜ 5 ੈࠊⴠୗཱྀ 5 ੈ5 ੈࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࠋ✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡇࢀࡽࢆศࡅ㝸࡚ࡿࡶࡢࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞
᮲௳ࡢࡶ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋᏳᜥゅ࡜ࡣ◁ᒣࢆᙧᡂࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ⮬Ⓨⓗ࡟ᔂࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡞ࡃᏳᐃࢆಖࡘᩳ㠃ࡢゅᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ ᅗ 3 ࠋ

ᅗ 2

ᅗ 4
 ඛ⾜◊✲ࡢ☜ㄆඛ࡟グࡋࡓᒙ໬ࠊศ㞳ࡢ᮲௳ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᵝࠎ࡞⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡢΰྜ⢊⢏యࢆ⿦⨨࡟ὶࡋ㎸ࡳࠊᶍᵝࢆほᐹࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊඛࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࡀṇࡋ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ
ࡓࠋ



ᅗ 1

⾲1



࡜ࡇࢁ࡛ࠊᒙ໬㏵୰ࠊ◁ᒣࡢᩳ㠃࡟ࠊ⢊⢏యࡢἼࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࠋ㏻ᖖ◁ᒣࢆసࡿ࡜ࡁ࡟ぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ᩳ㠃ࢆ㥑ࡅୖࡿ⌧㇟ࡀぢࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࢆHernan Makse ࡽࡣKink࡜࿧ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡉࡽ࡟⢊⢏యࡀᩳ㠃ࢆୗࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
≧ែࢆ Down-Kinkࠊ㥑ࡅୖࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែࢆ Up-Kink ࡜࿧ࡪࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿ ᅗ 5 ࠋࡇࡢ Kink ࡢཎᅉゎ᫂ࡀ┤᥋ᒙ໬ࡢཎᅉゎ᫂࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

⾲3

⾲2
ヨᩱ B

⢏ᚄ

Ᏻᜥゅ

Kink

շ

ճ

A>B

A>B

䚽

շ

յ

A൒B

A൒B

䚽

մ

յ

A>B

A>B

ձ

ն

A>B

A<B

⤖ᯝ

㻡㽢㻤
㻝㻤㻚㻢
㻝㻤㻚㻞
㻝㻤㻚㻡
㻝㻣㻚㻣
㻝㻤㻚㻠
㻝㻥㻚㻞
㻝㻤㻚㻣
㻝㻤㻚㻞
㻝㻤㻚㻟
㻝㻣㻚㻥
㻝㻤㻚㻠

㻡㽢㻝㻜 㻤㽢㻤 㻝㻜㽢㻝㻜
㻝㻣㻚㻢
㻝㻜㻚㻡
㻡㻚㻢
㻝㻣㻚㻢
㻝㻜㻚㻣
㻠㻚㻣
㻝㻢㻚㻥
㻝㻜㻚㻠
㻡㻚㻜
㻝㻣㻚㻡
㻝㻜㻚㻥
㻡㻚㻞
㻝㻣㻚㻜
㻝㻝㻚㻞
㻡㻚㻟
㻝㻣㻚㻠
㻝㻜㻚㻠
㻡㻚㻟
㻝㻣㻚㻠
㻝㻜㻚㻣
㻡㻚㻢
㻝㻣㻚㻠
㻝㻝㻚㻤
㻡㻚㻣
㻝㻣㻚㻥
㻝㻝㻚㻞
㻡㻚㻡
㻝㻣㻚㻟
㻝㻜㻚㻤
㻡㻚㻝
㻝㻣㻚㻠
㻝㻜㻚㻤
㻡㻚㻟

༢఩᫬㛫ᙜ䛯䜚ⴠୗ㔞

㻜㻚㻤㻞㻡

㻞㻚㻣㻞

㻞㻚㻤㻣

㻠㻚㻢㻡

㻥㻚㻟㻥

15
༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢⴠୗ㔞
㸦੐㸧

ヨᩱ A

䠍ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠎ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠏ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠐ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠑ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠒ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠓ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠔ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠕ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
䠍䠌ᅇ┠㻔⛊䠅
ᖹᆒ

㻡㽢㻡
㻢㻜㻚㻝
㻢㻜㻚㻟
㻢㻝㻚㻝
㻢㻜㻚㻡
㻢㻜㻚㻞
㻢㻞㻚㻟
㻢㻝㻚㻟
㻢㻜㻚㻢
㻢㻜㻚㻢
㻢㻜㻚㻡
㻢㻜㻚㻢

10

ᒙ໬

ศ㞳

50/t= 0.0041S1.7

5
0
0

50

100

150

ⴠୗཱྀࡢ㠃✚㸦ੋ㸧ᅗ6ࡇࡢࢢࣛࣇ࠿ࡽࠊ༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢⴠୗ㔞ࡣ㠃✚࡟ẚ౛ࡏࡎࠊ⣙ 1.7 ஌࡟ẚ౛ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ
ࠕ◁᫬ィࡢ୐୙ᛮ㆟ࠖࡢ୰ࡢグ㏙ࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋࡓࠋ࣍ࢵࣃ
࣮࠿ࡽⴠୗࡍࡿ⢊⢏యࡢ㏿ᗘࡣ࣍ࢵࣃ࣮ࡢཱྀࡢ㠃✚࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚ໬ࡍࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ㠃✚ኚ໬࡟కࡗ࡚㏿ᗘࡶኚ໬ࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢⴠୗ㔞ࡣẚ౛㛵ಀ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ1.7 ஌࡟ẚ౛ࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㠃✚࡜ⴠୗ㏿ᗘࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ࣍ࢵࣃ࣮࠿ࡽⴠୗࡍࡿ⢊⢏యࡣࠊ⢊⢏యྠኈࡪࡘ
࠿ࡾྜ࠺ࡇ࡜࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ▷᫬㛫࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ⮬⏤ⴠୗࡢἲ๎࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡲࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣⴠୗཱྀ࠿ࡽ╔ᆅࡲ࡛ࡣ୍ᐃࡢ㏿ᗘ࡛ⴠୗࡍࡿ࡜
ࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢࡉࡽ࡟༢
఩㠃✚ᙜࡓࡾࡢⴠୗ㔞ࢆồࡵ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋܽࢆẚ౛ᐃᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
㸦ܸ:ⴠୗ㔞 ‫ݐ‬:ⴠୗ᫬㛫 ܵ:ⴠୗཱྀ㠃✚㸧



ᅗ 5ᴾ

 ⴠୗཱྀ࡜ⴠୗ㔞୺࡜࡞ࡿᐇ㦂ࢆጞࡵࡿ๓࡟ࠊᇶ♏ᐇ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚௨ୗࡢࡇ
࡜ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
⌧ᅾ 3 ࡘࡢ␗࡞ࡿᖜࡢ⿦⨨ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟␗࡞ࡿ
㠃✚ࡢⴠୗཱྀࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ✰࠿ࡽ࠶ࡿ୍ᐃ㔞ࡢ⢊⢏యࢆὶࡋ㎸ࡳࠊⴠୗཱྀࡢ㠃✚࡜༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢⴠୗ
㔞ࡢ㛵ಀᛶࢆ᥈ࡿࠋ㸦㸯㸧 ᐃ᪉ἲձ ⢊⢏య 50 ੐ࢆ ࡾྲྀࡿࠋ㸦௒ᅇࡣヨᩱղࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࠋᐦᗘࡼࡾ 50 ੐ࡢ㔜ࡉࢆ ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᚓࡓࠋ
㸧ղ ⴠୗཱྀ࠿ࡽὶࡋ㎸ࡴࠋࡲࡓࡑࡢ㝿ࠊⴠୗཱྀࢆࣅࢹ࡛࢜
᧜ᙳࡋ࡚࠾ࡃࠋճ ᧜ᙳࡋࡓື⏬ࢆゎᯒࡋࠊⴠୗ࡟࠿࠿ࡿ᫬㛫ࢆồࡵ༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢⴠୗ㔞ࢆồࡵࡿࠋմ ձ࠿ࡽճࢆ㸯㸮ᅇ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࠊᖹᆒ್ࢆฟࡍࠋ
ⴠୗཱྀࡢ✀㢮ࡣ㸳✀㢮㸦55 , 510 , 85 , 88 ,1010 ඹ࡟༢఩ࡣੋ㸧࠶ࡿࠋ⤖ᯝࡣ௨ୗࡢ࡜࠾ࡾ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦ᖹᆒ್ࡣྛ ᐃ್ࡢ᭱኱್࡜᭱ᑠ್ࢆ㝖࠸ࡓィ 8 ࡘࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡛ồࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧ࡲࡓࠊࢢࣛࣇࡣⴠୗ
ཱྀࡢ㠃✚࡜༢఩᫬㛫ᙜࡓࡾࡢⴠୗ㔞ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ⾲ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௏௧ൌ ܽܵ ଵǤ଻ࡇࢀࢆ㠃✚ܵ࡛୧㎶ࢆ๭ࡿࠋܸൌ ܽܵ ଴Ǥ଻ܵ‫ݐ‬࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢܸȀܵ‫㏿ࡣݐ‬ᗘ‫࡟ݒ‬ẚ౛ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢẚ౛
ヨᩱ



ᙧ

ᐦᗘ

⢏ᚄ

Ᏻᜥゅ

(g/੐)

(mm)

(°)

ձ

࢞ࣛࢫࣅ࣮ࢬ A

⌫

2.55

1.0

27

ղ

࢞ࣛࢫࣅ࣮ࢬ B

⌫

2.55

0.5

30

ճ

࢞ࣛࢫࣅ࣮ࢬ C

⌫

2.55

0.2

30

մ

◁A

ከゅᙧ

2.57

2.5

44

յ

◁B

ከゅᙧ

2.57

0.7

39

ն

㣗ሷ

ከゅᙧ

2.18

0.6

40

շ

ࢢࣛࢽ࣮ࣗ⢾

ከゅᙧ

1.59

0.8

40

ᐃᩘࢆܾ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

㠃࡜ᆶ┤᪉ྥᡂศࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡼࡾሁ✚ຊࡢ᪉ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ
ࡇࡢ㒊ศ࡟ࡣࡲࡔሁ✚ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ᫬㛫⤒㐣࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ሁ✚㔞ࡀቑ࠼ࠊ㔜ຊࡀ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡾࠊࡸࡀ࡚ࡇࡢᩳ
㠃࡜ᆶ┤᪉ྥࡢຊࡣሁ✚ຊ࡜➼ࡋࡃ࡞ࡾࠊୖ࠿ࡽὶࢀ࡚
ࡃࡿ⢊⢏యࡀࡑࡢሙᡤ࡟ሁ✚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
ሁ✚ຊࡣ୍ᐃ࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊࡑࡢሙᡤ࡟ሁ✚ࡍࡿ᭱኱㔞ࡶ୍ᐃ࡜࡞ࡾࠊ୍ᐃࡢཌࡉࡢᒙࢆᥥࡃࠋܸൌ ܾ‫ݒ‬ܵ‫ݐ‬௔‫ ݒ  ׵‬ൌ ݇ܵ ଴Ǥ଻ (݇ ൌ )࣭࣭࣭ձ
௕ࡼࡗ࡚ⴠୗ㏿ᗘࡣⴠୗཱྀࡢ㠃✚ࡢ 0.7 ஌࡟ẚ౛ࡍࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ


 ᒙ໬ࡢཎᅉࡢ௬ㄝձ ΰྜࡋࡓ≧ែ࡛⢊⢏యࡀሁ✚ࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ 7 ࡢ⣸㒊ศ㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᩳ㠃ࢆ⁥ࡿ᫬࡟ࣈࣛࢪࣝࢼࢵࢶຠᯝ㸦ΰྜ⢊⢏య࡟ືࡁࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜⣽࠿࠸⢏Ꮚࡀୗ࡟ࠊ⢒࠸⢏Ꮚࡀୖ࡬⾜ࡁୖୗ࡟ศ㞳ࡍࡿ⌧㇟㸧ࡀാࡃࡣࡎ࡞ࡢ
ࡔࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࡓࡵࡢᩳ㠃ࡢ㛗ࡉࡀ㊊ࡾࡎࠊศ㞳ࡋࡁࢀ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢΰྜ≧ែࡢ◁ᒣࡢ
Ᏻᜥゅ㸦ᅗ 7.ȟ㒊ศ㸧ࡣࠊ2 ✀㢮ࡢ⢊⢏యࡢᏳᜥゅࡢ㛫ࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡛࠶ࡿࠋղ ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘᩳ㠃ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࠊᩳ㠃ࢆୗࡿ㝿ࣈࣛࢪࣝࢼࢵࢶຠᯝࡀാࡁ⢊⢏యࡀศ㞳ࡍࡿ㸦ᅗ 7.Ϩ㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡀ Down-Kink ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊୗ࡟⾜ࡃ⣽࠿࠸⢊⢏యࡢᏳᜥゅࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠊΰྜ≧ែࡢᏳᜥゅ࡜ẚ࡭࡚ᑠࡉ࠸ࡢ࡛⁥ࡾ㝆ࡾࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⢒࠸⢊⢏యࡣᩳ㠃ࡼࡾᏳᜥゅࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡢ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎࠊ⣽࠿࠸⢊⢏యࡀ࣋ࣝࢺࢥࣥ࣋࢔ࡢᙺ┠ࢆࡍࡿࡓࡵ⁥ࡾ㝆ࡾࡿࠋճ ࡇࡢὶࢀࡀ◁ᒣࡢ㯄࡟ࡓ࡝ࡾ╔ࡃࠋ㸦ᅗ 7.ϩ㸧ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊୖ࠿ࡽࡢὶࢀࡀṆࡲࡽࡎࠊୗ࠿ࡽୖ࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚⢊⢏యࡀሁ✚ࢆጞࡵࡿ㸦ᅗ 7.Ϫ㸧ࠋࡇࢀࡀ Up-Kink ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㸦ͤࡇࡢሁ✚ࡢ௙᪉ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣḟࡢ㢟࡛㏙࡭ࡿ㸧մ ࡇࢀࡀ◁ᒣࡢ㡬࡟ࡓ࡝ࡾ╔ࡃ㸦ᅗ 7.ϫ㸧࡜Ϩ࡟ᡠࡾϨ㹼ϫࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍࠋ

ᅗ 8

ᅗ 9
࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢሁ✚ຊࡣఱࡀࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࣮࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ
࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋࡑࢀࡀ୙᫂࡞ࡢ࡛ࠊ᭱኱ሁ✚㔞ࡢ㔜ຊ࡜ሁ✚ຊࡀẚ౛㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࠊሁ✚ຊࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛ
ࢱ࣮ࢆ᥈ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ௨ୗࡀࠊ᭱኱ሁ✚㔞ࡢ㔜ຊࢆ⾲ࡍᘧ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⢒࠸⢊⢏య(⥳㒊ศ)ࡢ඘ሸ⋡ࠊᐦᗘࠊཌࡉࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀߜଵ ࠊߩଵ[g/੐]ࠊܶଵ ሾੈሿ࡜ࠊ⣽࠿࠸⢊⢏య(㉥㒊ศ)ࡢ඘ሸ⋡ࠊᐦᗘࠊཌࡉࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀߜଶ ࠊߩଶ [g/੐]ࠊܶଶ ሾੈሿ ࠊࡲࡓgȏȀ ଶȐࢆ㔜ຊຍ㏿ᗘ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ༢఩㠃✚(1 ੋ)࠶ࡓࡾ࡟ሁ
✚ࡋࡓ⢊⢏యࡢ㔜ຊ WȏȐࡣܹ ൌ ሼሺߜଵ ߩଵ ܶଵ ൅ ߜଶ ߩଶ ܶଶ ሻͳͲି଺ ሽ݃ᘧ࡟ࡣ඘ሸ⋡ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔࡀࠊ ᐃ⤖ᯝ࡝ࡢ඘ሸ⋡ࡶ
0.43 ࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛
ͳͲି଺ ή ߜ ή ݃ ൌ ‫݌‬࡜ᐃᩘ p ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ W ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟⾲ࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋᅗ 7ḟ࡟ࠊϪࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㉳ࡁࡿࡢ࠿ࠊࡲࡓ୍ᐃࡢཌࡉ࡛
ᒙࢆᥥࡃཎᅉࢆ⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡇࢀࢆ⪃࠼ࡿୖ࡛ሁ✚ຊ࡜࠸࠺ࡶࡢࢆᐃ⩏ࡘࡅࡓࠋሁ✚ຊ࡜ࡣሁ✚ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࿘ࡾ
ࡢ≀యࢆእഃ࡬㏣࠸ࡸࡿຊࡢࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋϪ࡛ࡣᅗ 8 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᩳ㠃᪉ྥୗഃ࡜ᩳ㠃࡜ᆶ┤᪉ྥୗഃ࡟ࡣ༑ศ࡟⢊⢏యࡀワࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ሁ✚ຊࡣᩳ㠃࡜ᆶ┤ୖྥࡁ࡟ാ
ࡃࠋ㸦௨ᚋࠊሁ✚ຊ࡜ࡣࡇࡢྥࡁࡢຊࢆᣦࡍࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿ㸧⢊⢏యࡢ㏿ᗘࠊ㔞ࡀᩳ㠃ࢆὶࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㛫୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ
ࡇࡢሁ✚ຊࡣ୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ሁ✚ຊࡀ࠿࠿ࡿ㒊ศࡢୖ᪉㸦ᅗ 9 㯮ᯟ㒊ศ㸧࡟⢊⢏యࡣሁ✚ࡍࡿࠋᅗ 9 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ึࡵࡣࡇࡢ㒊ศ࡟ࡣ࠶ࡲࡾ⢊⢏యࡀሁ✚ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㔜ຊࡣᑠࡉࡃࠊࡇࡢ㔜ຊࡢᩳܹ ൌ ‫݌‬ሺߩଵ ܶଵ ൅ ߩଶ ܶଶ ሻ࣭࣭࣭ղ











ᅗ 10ᴾ

 ሁ✚ຊ᳨ドᐇ㦂┤᥋ⓗ࡟ඛࡢ௬ㄝࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡢࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ
ࡑࢀࡽࡀṇࡋ࠸࡜௬ᐃࡋሁ✚ຊ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ᳨ドᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡁࠊ௬ㄝࡢಙ៰ᛶࢆ☜࠿ࡵࡿࠋࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊሁ✚ຊࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࣮ࢆ᥈ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࣃ࣓࣮ࣛ
ࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲࡎࠊ㐠ື㔞ࡸ㐠ື࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮➼ࡢ㛵ಀࡼࡾࠊሁ✚ຊࢆ୚࠼ࡿ≀⮬యࡢ㉁㔞ࠊࡲࡓࡪࡘ࠿ࡿ᫬ࡢ㏿ᗘࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡎࡇࡢ 2 Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡃࠋࡲࡓ௨
ୗࡣヨᩱճ࡜շ᳨࡛ドᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ
㸦㸯㸧 ㉁㔞࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㸯㸸㸯
㸲㸸㸱
㸰㸸㸯
㸲㸸㸯

ࢀ૚

ࢀ૛

W

M

6
5.5
5
3.5

4
4.5
5
6.5

19.7p
20.2p
20.7p
22.1p

2.07q
2.12q
2.23q
2.36q

ࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ௨ୗࡢⴠୗཱྀ࡛⾜࠺ࠋ࣭5 ੈᖜࡢ⿦⨨ࡢձ5 ੈ5 ੈ㸦25 ੋ㸧
ࠊղ5 ੈ10 ੈ㸦50ੋ㸧ࡢཱྀ
࣭8 ੈᖜࡢ⿦⨨ࡢճ8 ੈ5 ੈ㸦40 ੋ㸧
ࠊմ8 ੈ8 ੈ㸦64ੋ㸧ࡢཱྀ
࣭10 ੈᖜࡢ⿦⨨ࡢյ10 ੈ10 ੈ㸦100 ੋ㸧ࡢཱྀࡲࡓ⢊⢏యࡀࡪࡘ࠿ࡿ▐㛫ࡢ㏿ᗘࢆồࡵࡿࡢࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊඛࡢⴠୗཱྀ࡜ⴠୗ㏿ᗘࡢ㛵ಀᘧձࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࠋ
⾲5

50 W
40
30

ࡪࡘ࠿ࡿ≀ࡢ㉁㔞ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ௒ࡲ࡛య✚ẚ 1㸸1ࡢΰྜẚ⋡ࢆࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞ࣃࢱ࣮࡛ࣥ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ௒ᅇࡣ㈨ᩱճ࡜շࢆయ✚ẚ㸯㸸㸯ࠊ㸲㸸㸱ࠊ㸰㸸㸯ࠊ㸲㸸1 ࡛⾜

20
10

࠺ࠋ
㸦ィ⟬ୖ࡛ࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࡢẚࢆܽ㸸ͳ െ ܽࡢᙧ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼࡚⾜࠺㸧ࡲࡓࡪࡘ࠿ࡿ⢊⢏యࡢ㉁㔞‫ࢆܯ‬௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ィ⟬ࡍࡿࠋ‫ ܯ‬ൌ ‫ݍ‬ሼሺͳ െ ܽሻ ή ߩଵ ൅ ܽ ή ߩଶ ሽ 㸦‫ࡣݍ‬ᐃᩘ㸧

5

15

25

v

ᅗ 12
⾲ 5ࠊᅗ 12 ࡢ⤖ᯝࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊሁ✚ຊࡣⴠୗ㏿ᗘ࡟ẚ౛ࡍࡿ⤖ᯝࡀ⌧ࢀࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࡣ⾲ 4ࠊᅗ 11 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡾࠊሁ✚ຊࡣ㉁㔞࡟࡯ࡰẚ౛ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ

㸦㸯㸧㸦㸰㸧ࡼࡾࠊሁ✚ຊࡣ⢊⢏యࡢ㉁㔞࡜㏿ᗘ࡟ẚ౛ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࠊ௨ୖࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜
࠿ࡽࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣ㐠ື㔞࡜ຊ✚ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ఝ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟Ẽᅗ 12ࡀ௜ࡃࠋࡑࡇ࡛௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞➼ᘧࢆ❧࡚ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ‫ ݒܯ‬െ ‫ ܯ‬ή Ͳ ൌ ‫ܨ‬ο‫ݐ‬ο‫≉ࡿ࠶ࡣݐ‬ᐃࡢ㒊ศ࡛ࡢ Up-Kink ࡟ࡼࡿሁ✚࡟࠿࠿ࡿ᫬㛫ࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ሁ✚ຊ‫ࡣܨ‬

⾲4

W
23
22
21

‫ݒܯ‬

ο‫ݐ‬
࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
‫ܨ‬ൌ

20
19
2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4 M

v

ࡲ࡜ࡵ
௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡢᩘ್໬࡟኱ࡁࡃ㏆࡙࠸ࡓࠋ࢝࢜ࢫࡢ୰࡟ሁ✚ຊࡣ㐠ື㔞࡜ຊ✚ࡢ㛵ಀ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ
ࡇ࡜࡟㦫ࡁࢆ㞃ࡏ࡞࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᒙ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ௬ㄝ᳨
ドࡀ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿࠋඛ࡟㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟⌧ẁ㝵࡛ࡣࡑࡢ௬
ㄝࡀṇࡋ࠸࡜௬ᐃࡋ࡚ᒙ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࡑࡢಙ៰
ᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺᪉ἲࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ௒ᅇࡢ཯┬Ⅼࡣࢹ࣮ࢱࡢⲨࡉ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤᒙ໬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡢ⢊⢏యࡢቃ⏺ࡀ᭕᫕࡞ࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊ0.1 ੈ༢఩ࡀ୙᫂░࡛࠶

ᅗ 11
ࢀ૚

ࢀ૛

W

5mm5mm

4.5

4.8

19.4p

9.5k

8mm5mm

5.8

6.5

25.8p

13.2k

5.0

8.8

30.4p

15.5k

6.0

9.0

32.5p

18.7k

5.0

14.0

43.7p

25.1k

5mm
10mm
8mm8mm10mm
10mmࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵܶଵ ࠊܶଶ ࡀ᭕᫕࡞್࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡢ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛵ಀࡢᘧ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿ࡀࡼ
ࡃࢃ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
㸦౛࡜ࡋ࡚ⴠୗཱྀࡢ㠃✚࡜⢊⢏యࡢⴠୗ㏿ᗘࡀ⣙ 0.7 ஌࡟ẚ౛ࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡞࡝㸧ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ⅼࢆࡶ࠺ᑡࡋ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸࠿࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ

㸦㸰㸧 ㏿ᗘ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚
㏿ᗘࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊⴠୗཱྀࡢ㠃✚ࢆኚ࠼ࡿࠋࡇ

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
[1] ࠕ◁ᒣ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ Segregation ࡜ stratification ࡢᙧᡂ㐣⛬ࠖ㔝ཱྀ┿ᕹ (1999)[2] ࠕ⢊⢏యࡢ≀⌮Ꮫ 㹼◁࡜⢏࡜⢏Ꮚࡢୡ⏺࡬ࡢㄏ࠸㹼ࠖࢪࣕࢵࢡ࣭ࢹࣗࣛࣥ
[3] ࠕ◁᫬ィࡢ୐୙ᛮ㆟ 㹼⢊⢏యࡢືຊᏛ㹼ࠖ⏣ཱྀၿᘯ[4] ࠕFlow ~Nature’s Patterns~ࠖPhilip Ball࠶࡜ࡀࡁ                               ྡᇛ኱Ꮫ㝃ᒓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ  ᩍ⫱㛤Ⓨ㒊Ꮫ⾡஺ὶಀ  ᶓ஭ ள⣖ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝᮾᾏᆅ༊ࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࡣࠊ௒ᖺᗘ࡛㸵ᅇ┠࡜࡞ࡾࠊᮾᾏ  ┴ࡢ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯࡢ⏕ᚐࡀᖺ࡟  ᗘࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ◊✲ࢆⓎ⾲ࡍࡿሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ᐃ╔ࡋ࡚ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡣࠊ᪂つ᥇ᢥᰯ 2 ᰯ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊᮾி㒔ࡢ㹇㹀ㄆᐃᰯ࡛࠶ࡿ⋢ᕝᏛᅬ㧗➼㒊࣭୰Ꮫ㒊ࡀཧຍࡋࠊཧຍᰯᩘ
ࡣ 17 ᰯ࡛ࡋࡓࠋ ᭶୰᪪࡟ྛᰯࡢᢸᙜ⪅࡟ࡼࡿࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࣁ࢖ࢫࢡ࣮ࣝᮾᾏᆅ༊ࣇ࢙ࢫࢱ  ᐇ⾜ጤဨ఍ࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊィ⏬ࡢẁ㝵࠿ࡽ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯࡀ༠ຊࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㐍ࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡶ
Ọ஭⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡㈈ᅋࡢࡈᚋ᥼࡟ࡼࡾࠊ
ཱྀ㢌Ⓨ⾲࡛ࠕ࢔ࢰⰍ⣲ࡢ⮯⣲໬࡜Ⰽ⣲ࡢኚ໬࡟ࡘ࠸࡚(➨ 2 ሗ㸧ࠖࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓ㟼ᒸ┴❧ΎỈᮾ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊࠕ㣫ᩱ⡿ά⏝࡛⮬⤥⋡ UP ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠖࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓᒱ㜧┴❧ᒱ㜧㎰ᯘ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊ
ࠕࢡࣥࢺࡢᐇ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⢊యࡢࡩࡿࡲ࠸࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ୰࣭㧗➼Ꮫᰯ࡜ࠕࣟ࣎ࢵࢺ࣭ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡢ◊✲ࠖࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࡓ⋢ᕝᏛᅬ㧗➼㒊࣭୰Ꮫ㒊ࡢ  ᰯ࡟ඃ⚽㈹ࡀࠊ௚ࡢ  ᰯ࡟ࡶዡບ㈹ࡀ㉗ࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣃࢿࣝࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ≉ู㈹ࡀឡ▱┴❧ส㇂㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊ ྡྂᒇᕷ❧ྥ㝧㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊ㟼ᒸ┴❧☬⏣༡㧗➼Ꮫᰯࡢ  ᰯ࡟㉗ࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࣃࢿࣝ
ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥࡸཱྀ㢌Ⓨ⾲఍࡛ࡣᑂᰝࠊ⾲ᙲࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ⏕ᚐ࡟ࡶບࡳ࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮ࠸
ࡲࡍࠋ㹑㹑㹆ࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⏕ᚐࡀ⮬ศࡓࡕࡢᡂᯝࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ពぢࢆ஺ࢃࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࡉࡽ࡟ᡂ㛗ࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿጼࢆࡳ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࠊࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᶵ఍ࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᮏᙜ࡟኱ษ࡞
ࡇ࡜ࡔ࡜ᐇឤࡋࡲࡍࠋ
௒ᖺᗘࡣࠊཱྀ㢌Ⓨ⾲ඃ⚽㈹ࢆཷ㈹ࡋࡓᏛᰯࢆྵࡴ㸴ᰯ㸦㟼ᒸ┴❧ΎỈᮾ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊᒱ㜧┴❧ᒱ㜧㎰ᯘ㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ୰࣭㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊ⋢ᕝᏛᅬ㧗➼㒊࣭୰Ꮫ㒊ࠊ㟼ᒸ┴❧☬⏣༡㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊ㟼ᒸ໭㧗➼Ꮫᰯࠊྡᇛ኱Ꮫ㝃ᒓ㧗➼Ꮫᰯ㸧ࡢ⏕ᚐ࠾ࡼࡧᣦᑟ⪅࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ㸯㸰᭶㸰㸲᪥࠿ࡽ㸰㸷᪥ࡢ㸴᪥㛫ࠊ㹓㸿㹃ᾏእ◊ಟࢆ⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ⎔ቃ࣏࣮ࣞࢺࡸᅜ㝿ࣂ࢝ࣟࣞ࢔ࡢ◊✲ㄪᰝ➼ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊⓎ⾲఍࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝேᮦ
ࢆ⫱ᡂࡋࠊᅜ㝿ⓗ࡟ά㌍࡛ࡁࡿ⛉Ꮫ࣮ࣜࢲ࣮ࡢ⫱ᡂࢆ⾜࠺ሙ࡜ࡋ࡚᭦࡟Ⓨᒎࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲ
ࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡶࡉࡽ࡟඘ᐇࡋࡓ௻⏬࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊྛᰯ࡛༠ຊࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ┒ࡾୖࡆ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡛ࡍࠋ
఍ሙࢆᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓྡᇛ኱Ꮫࠊ‽ഛ࠾ࡼࡧᐇ⾜࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ࡣࠊྡᇛ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱㛤
Ⓨࢭࣥࢱ࣮࡟ከ኱࡞ࡈ༠ຊࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡈᚋ᥼ࢆ࠸ࡓࡔࡁࡲࡋࡓỌ஭⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡㈈ᅋࠊឡ▱┴ᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍ࠊྡྂᒇᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍࡟ࡣࠊᚰࡼࡾឤㅰࡢពࢆ⾲ࡋࡲࡍࠋ
᭱ᚋ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓࡀࠊ௒ᅇࡢࣇ࢙ࢫࢱࢆࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛◊✲཰㘓࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ
ࡢࡶࠊᮾᾏ㸲┴ࡢ㹑㹑㹆ᣦᐃᰯࡢඛ⏕ࡸ⏕ᚐࡢⓙࡉࢇࡢࡈ༠ຊࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡢࡇ࡜࡜࠶ࡽࡓࡵ࡚῝ࡃឤㅰࢆ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋࡇࢀ࠿ࡽࡢάື࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞ሙ࡛஺ὶࢆ῝ࡵ࡞ࡀࡽⓎᒎࡋ࡚࠸ࡅࡓ
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