COUNTRY REPORTTANZANIA
Petro Joseph Lyatuu
MINISTRY OF ENERGY

1

Country Profile The United Republic of Tanzania (Tanzania), is located in theEastern Africa.

 It

is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the North, Rwanda,
Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to theWest.

 To

the SouthMozambique.

isborderedbyZambia,Malawiand

 To the East it is bordered by the Indian Ocean which has acoastline of 1,424 kilometers.

2 Tanzania

has a total area of 945,087 square kilometers which
includes 61,000 square kilometers of inland water.

 According to the Population and Housing Census (PHC) that wascarried in Tanzania in 2022, the country has a population of61,741,120 of which 59,851,347 is on Tanzania Mainland and1,889,773 is in Zanzibar.

 Most diverse countries in Africa, reflected in the fact that there

are more than 120 local languages spoken in the country. Swahili
is the national language and English is the official language ofeducation, administration and business.

 The official capital of Tanzania is Dodoma, and Dar es Salaam is

the country’s commercial capital and is also the major seaportfor the country serving its landlocked neighbors.

 The Government of Tanzania is composed of 31 administrative

regions; 26 on the Mainland and 5 in Zanzibar.

3 TheGDP of Tanzania was 188,588,052 million Tanzania
Shillings in 2023, equivalent to a growth of 10.4 percent
compared to 170,820,032 million Tanzania Shillings recordedin 2022.

 GDP

per capita was equivalent to USD 1,275.45 (TanzanianShillings 3,055,606) in 2023 compared to USD 1,233.12(Tanzania Shillings 2,854,072) in 2022.

 Inflation rate was averaged at 3.8% in 2023 compared to 4.3%

recorded in 2022.

 Electricity

generation, transmission and distribution activity
recorded a growth of 7.6% in 2022 compared to 10.0% in 2021.

 The

share of electricity activity to GDP was 0.1% in 2022
compared to 0.2% in 2021
4

The Ministry of Energy that was established on 07th October, 2017 and ismandated to develop and manage energy resources in Tanzania. The
Ministry executes its mandates through four Divisions and eight Units asfollows:i.
Electricity and Renewable Energy Division;ii.
Petroleum and Gas Division;iii. Human Resources Management and Administration Division;
iv. Policy and Planning Division;v.
Finance and Accounts Unit;
vi. Legal Services Unit;vii. Monitoring and Evaluation Unitviii. Internal Audit Unit;
ix. Procurement Management Unit;x.
Government Communication Unit;
xi. Environmental Management Unit; andxii. Information and Communication Technology Unit.
5

i.

ii.

iii.
iv.
v.

vi.

Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO) which
generates, purchases, transmits, distributes, and sells electricity inTanzania;
Petroleum Development Corporation (TPDC), which is mandated to,among others, advise the government on petroleum related issues;
market and sell natural gas under PSA arrangement; develop andproduce oil and gas; promote and monitor the exploration for oiland gas; and undertake trading in petroleum products;
Rural Energy Agency (REA), which promotes and facilitates improved
access to modern energy services in rural areas;
Petroleum Upstream Regulatory Authority (PURA), which regulates
and monitor petroleum upstream operations;
Energy and Water Utilities Regulatory Authority (EWURA), which isresponsible for technical and economic regulation of electricity,petroleum, natural gas and water sectors in Tanzania; andPetroleum Bulk Procurement Agency (PBPA) which administers andmanage the importation of petroleum products in the country.
6 TheTanzanian power system (National Grid)
comprises of hydro and other sources of energy
generated by TANESCO and IPP’s with a total
installed capacity of 2,138 MW (as of April, 2024)
representing an increase of 14.2 percent
compared to 1,872.1 MW of May, 2023.

 Tanzania

through TANESCO also imports a totalof 31 MW from Uganda (21 MW) and Zambia (10MW) for the regions of Kagera and Rukwa
respectively, but efforts are under way to connect
the regions with the national grid.
7

SourceHydro

Installed Generation Capacity
MW

Actual Capacity

Percentage

MWPercentage

836.3

39.1

755.5

43.1

1,198.8

56.1

935.1

53.2

Fuel

92.4

4.3

65.8

3.7

Biomass

10.5

0.5

--

2,138.0100

1,756.4

100

Natural Gas

Total8The government of Tanzania through its Vision 2025 and the National Five
Year Development Plan (FYDP III, 2021/22-2025/26) plans to implement
various strategies for industrial development, agriculture transformation
including value addition to agricultural produce as well as development of
the service sectors.
The government is constructing a Standard Gauge Railway and targets toensure 100 percent universal access to modern energy by 2030.
The government of Tanzania has also been promoting investment in
extractive industry as well as undertaking various policy and regulatory
frameworks that aim at improving business and investment climate in thecountry.
The government has also prepared and launched National Clean Cooking
Strategy (2024-2034), whose main objective is to enable at least 80
percent of Tanzanians to be using clean energy for cooking by 2034 so as
to address environmental degradation and health challenges related to theuse of dirty energy for cooking. The number of Tanzanians using clean
energy for cooking stood at 6.9 in 2021.
9 Theimplementation of these strategies and initiatives
will continue to increase new potential energy
customers, from household, industrial, agriculture,services and other sectors of the economy.

 Inorder to meet the future energy demand, the Tanzania’s

Power System Master Plan (PSMP 2020) indicates the country
requires a total installed generation capacity of 3,966 MW in
the short term (2020-2024), 12,257 MW in the medium(2025-2034) and 20,200.6 MW in the long term (20252034). The Plan indicates power generation mix which varies
over the planning period and by 2044 the generation mix willconsist of 5,690.4 MW (28.15%) of hydro; 6,700 MW (33.18%)
of natural gas; 5,300 MW (26.24%) of coal; 800 MW (3.96%)
of wind; 715 MW (3.54%) of solar; and 995 MW (4.93%) ofgeothermal.
10

Year

Sum of Peak Demand (MW)Sales Forecast (GWh)2019

1,120.12

6,875

2020

1,435.00

7,358

2021

1,629.00

7,872

2022

1,809.00

8,430

2023

2,036.00

9,035

2024

2,329.00

9,661

2025

2,677.00

10,3102026

3,053.00

11,0022027

3,439.00

11,7492028

3,850.00

12,5472029

4,323.00

13,4112030

4,878.00

14,3212031

5,488.00

15,2792032

6,177.00

16,2842033

6,951.00

17,34011

Year

Sum of Peak Demand (MW)Sales Forecast (GWh)2034

7,851.00

18,4282035

8,554.00

19,5472036

9,309.00

20,7322037

10,116.00

21,9902038

10,968.00

23,3242039

11,885.00

24,7382040

12,854.00

26,2382041

13,897.00

27,8292042

15,042.00

29,5152043

16,283.00

31,3052044

17,611.00

33,20212 TheNational Energy Policy, 2015 provides overall
guidance in the energy sector while recognizing specificpolicies in the sector.
 The Vision of the Policy is to have a vibrant Energy Sector
that contributes significantly to economic growth andimproved quality of life of Tanzanians.
 The mission is to provide reliable, affordable, safe,
efficient and environment friendly modern energy services
to all while ensuring effective participation of Tanzanians
in the sector.
 The policy recognizes various sources of electricity
generation available in Tanzania including hydro, naturalgas, coal, uranium, renewable energies (solar, wind,biomass and geothermal) and provides policy direction
for their development in collaboration with stakeholders.
13 Improving

security of supply through effective use ofenergy resources and cross-border trading; Enhancing power reliability and coverage of transmission
and distribution networks;
 Enhancing utilisation of renewable energy resources so as
to increase its contribution in electricity generation mix; Accelerating rural electrification to foster socioeconomictransformations; Increasing private sector participation in electricity supplyindustry; Optimizing and effectively managing petroleum resourcebase; Developing and maintaining an efficient petroleum dataand information system;14 Ensuring

timely announcement and optimal developmentof petroleum commercial discoveries;
 Maximizing revenue to the Government while ensuring
investors recover prudently incurred costs and appropriate
share of profit; Enhancing availability of reliable and affordable supply of
petroleum to the domestic market and its use in asustainable manner;
 Developing
petroleum
infrastructureforrefining,processing, liquefaction, transportation, storage anddistribution;
 Developing a competitive and efficient domestic andexport market for oil and natural gas; and Promoting linkages with other sectors of the economy andrational use of the petroleum resource.
15 Thepolicy recognizes inadequate funding has been themajor constraint in the development of the Energy Sector.

 To address the challenge, the policy aims at continuing to

improve investment climate to attract private capital inthe Energy Sector as well as ensuring fair and reasonable
returns on investment through cost-reflective energy
pricing.

 The

policy further highlights the roles of different
stakeholders including the Government, Regulatory
Authorities, National Oil Company, Tanzania Electric
Supply Company Limited (TANESCO), Rural Energy Agency(REA) and the Private Sector in the development of Energy
Sector in Tanzania.
16







Low generation levels. The target is 5,000 MW by 2025, 10,000 MW by 2035.
Currently generation stands at 2,138 MW.
Low access to electricity. Currently access stands at 79.5%, target is 92% by2025 and 100% by 2023. Connectivity currently is 44%, the target is 50 by
2025 and 70% by 2035.
Private Sector participation in the energy sector is still limited despite
presence of conducive policies and laws including (PPP) Act. Opportunities
exist in generation, transmission and distribution networks (to high profit
customers like industries and mines)
Low contribution (less than 1% in the national grid) of renewable energy(geothermal, wind, solar, biomas, etc) in the energy mix despite the available
potential
Limited research and data to inform the policy formulation.
17

THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING

18

APPENDIXENERGY-RELATED INVESTMENT FOR DOMESTIC AND OVERSEASWind Potential Sites in Tanzania
Average
S/N

RegionDistrict

Speed

at

Wind

Average

10m

Speed

(m/s)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

2.

3.

30m

(m/s)

Singida (Kititimo)

8.2

9.4

NjombeNjombe (Makambako)

7.6

8.7

IringaMufindi (Usokami)

7.5

>7.5

Kilimanjaro

Mwanga (Mgagao)

3.75

4.85

Tanga

Korogwe (Mkumbara)

4.14

4.9

ArushaKaratu

4.9

5.5

Dar es Salaam

Kigamboni (Gomvu)

3.56

4.28

MtwaraMtwara (Litembe)

3.21

4.47

Ukerewe3.55

4.9

ESTIMATEDCAPACITY (MW)TOTAL
CAPACITY(MW)

Geothermal Potential Sites in Tanzania

1.

atSingida

Mwanza9.
Source: TANESCO

S/N

Wind

GEOTHERMAL SETTINGS /SYSTEMSSouth-Western and Northern
Volcanic Provinces (Mbeya,Songwe, Arusha, Manyara andKilimanjaro).

Coastal basin geothermal
systems (Coast Region,Morogoro, Tanga).

Intra-cratonic geothermal
systems (Mara, Shinyanga,Singida, Dodoma).

SITE
Ngozi

1,000

Kiejo-Mbaka

300

Songwe100

Natron250

Meru

250

Manyara

200

Eyasi

200

Kisaki

300

Luhoi

300

Tagalala

200

Mtende

200

Utete

200

Takwa/Gonga

200

Ibadakuli

100

Maji Moto-Mara

300

Kondoa100

Msule/Mpondi

100

2,300

1,200

800

14.

Western rift geothermal
systems (Kagera, Rukwa,Katavi).

Mtagata200

Maji moto-Rukwa

200

Mapyo

150

Kanazi

150

TOTAL

700

5,000

Source: Tanzania Geothermal Development Company (TGDC)

5,000

Geothermal Project Candidates
Forecasts Generation from 2025 - 2045
S/N Geothermal Projects
1. (i) Ngozi phase I

Capacity(MW)by 202530(ii)Ngozi phase II

Capacity (MW)by 2030

Capacity(MW) by2035

Capacity(MW) by 2040

Capacity (MW)by 204540(iii) Ngozi phase III(iv)Ngozi phase IV

3030(v) Ngozi phase V(vi) Ngozi phase VI

3030

2.. Songwe
3. Kiejo- Mbaka

560

54015302025

4. Luhoi

5102010

5. Natron
6. Kisaki

6050
60

40253030303050
540
1020
1035
35200

185215

7. Meru
8. Ibadakuli

Total
200
195
Source: Tanzania Geothermal Development Company (TGDC
Uranium Resources in Tanzania
NameRegionSize (ton)/Status

Mkuju

Ruvuma58,500

Kianju Mbuga

SingidaStudy is ongoing

Ndala Mbuga

TaboraStudy is ongoing

Bahi SwampDodoma

Study is ongoing

Source: Geological Survey of Tanzania (GST)
Hydropower Project Candidates
S/N Project Name
1.
2.
3.

Ruhudji
Ikondo Mnyera
Kikonge

Capacity (MW)
358.0
340.0
300.0

Average energy
Firm energy
(GWh)
(GWh)
2,000.0
1,832.0
1,268.0

1,333.0
1,316.0
883.8

River
Ruhudji
MnyeraRuhuhu

2

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.

Rumakali
MpangaSongwe Sofre (163.2MW)*
Iringa Kilolo
Songwe Manolo (180.2MW)*
Mnyera Taveta
Mnyera Kwanini
Mnyera Mnyera
Mnyera Pumbwe
Upper Kihansi
Mnyera Kisingo
Masigira
KakonoMnyera Ruaha
Iringa (Nginayo)
Mbarali
Iringa (Ibosa)Songwe Bupigu (34 MW)*
NjombeMhangaSongeaNakatuta (Liparamba)
Kikuletwa
Kikagati (14 MW)*
Total

Sources:

222.0
160.0
81.6

1,322.0
1,061.1
382.5

1,075.9
717.8
237.0

Rumakali
MpangaSongwe150.0
90.1

994.8471.7

672.9
295.1

LukosiSongwe

145.0
143.9
137.4
122.9
120.0
119.8
118.0
87.0
60.3
52.0
38.5
36.0
17.0
32.0
26.6
15.0
15.0
11.0
7.0
3,006.1

850.0
693.8
662.3
592.2
69.0
577.3
664.0
573.0
290.8
262.8
199.0
186.1
76.5
165.4

622.0
617.3
589.4
527.2
99.0
513.9
492.0
335.0
258.7
223.1
107.9
106.9
50.5
123.9

252.9
142.4
140.8
103.3
43.8
15,877.5

74.6
82.4
29.7
30.8
33.0
11,448.8

MnyeraRufiji
Rufiji
Rufiji
Rufiji
RufijiRuhuhu
KageraRufiji
Rufiji
Kimani Falls
Little Ruaha
SongweRuhuhu -1
LukosiRuhudjiRuvumaKikuletwa
Kagera1. Small Hydro Mapping Report, “Renewable Energy Resource Mapping:
Small Hydro – Tanzania” (2018) – REA/ the World Bank.

2. World Small Hydropower Development Report, UNIDO (2016).
3. Review of studies conducted for the potential sites.
4. Team survey to the potential sites, data collection, and compilation, (2019).
Renewable Energy Project Candidates
S/N Plant Name

Location

Fuel TypeCapacity (MW/MWp)

SOLAR PROJECTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Shinyanga I (Kishapu)
Dodoma I
Dodoma II
ManyoniSame Kilimanjaro
KigomaSingidaKishapu
UDOM
MicheseMonyoniSame
KigomaSingida

Solar
Solar
Solar
Solar
Solar
Solar
Solar

1505560
10050
5150

38.

Shinyanga II
Total Solar Projects

Sinyanga

Solar150720

WIND PROJECTS
1.

Singida ISingidaWind100

2.

Makambako

Makambako

Wind300

3.

Njombe I

NjombeWind100

4.

Singida II

SingidaWind100

5.

Singida III

SingidaWind200

6.

Njombe II
Total Wind Projects

NjombeWind200
1,000

HYBRID PROJECTS
1.
2.

Loliondo Power Plant TANESCO
MafiaTotal Hybrid Projects
Total Renewable Projects

Loliondo

Diesel-Solar1

Mafia

Diesel-Solarwind

7
8
1,728

Source: TANESCO4

5