MOP34 Side Event,1.Nov. 2022, Montreal, Canada

Efforts toward 2050 carbon neutrality
in Japanese industry
The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association
OKADA Tetsuji© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

Today’s Topics
1. Who is JRAIA
2. Laws and regulations in Japan
3. Industry’s commitment to the environmental issues
・Latest sales volume and refrigerant conversion status for each product・Basic concept S+3Es
・Refrigerant leak inspection and leak detection system
4. Towards realization of 2050 carbon neutrality
・Priorities for CN2050 as considered by JRAIA
・CN2050 society realized by refrigeration cycle© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

1. Who is JRAIA?
JRAIA(Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association)
 Established in Feb. 1949.

 Chair person: Mr. So Suzuki (from Mitsubishi Electric Co.) The number of the members:
167 companies incl. associate members as of 1st June 2022
Companies participating in the Global Committee⇒Daikin Ind. ,Fujitsu General, Johnson Controls-Hitachi AC, Mayekawa Man., Mitsubishi Electric Co. ,Mitsubishi Heavy Ind. T.S , Panasonic Co., Sharp Co., Saginomiya, Toshiba Carrier Co. , Business Fields:- Air Conditioner (for domestic, commercial and industries)- Refrigeration (for commercial, industries and mobile)- Ventilation- Heat Pump hot water systems- Refrigerants- Recovery tools- Parts (ex. Bulbs, Sensors, Piping etc.)© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

2. Laws and regulations in Japan(HVAC sector)
1) The latest Japanese government's environmental policy① Cabinet decision on the "Plan for Global WarmingCountermeasures"（22nd Oct. 2021)Fiscal year
(Unit: Million t-CO2)

Greenhouse gas
emmissions and removals
Energy-related CO2
Industry
Commercial and others
Residential
Transport
Energy conversion
Non-energy-related CO2( CH4, N2O)
Four gases incl. HFC etc.
Greenhouse gas removals

2013

Targets and estimatesin fiscal year

2030

ReductionRatio

Conventional target(Reduction Ratio)

14.08

7.60

▲46%

▲26%

12.35
4.63
2.38
2.08
2.24
1.06
1.34
0.39

6.77
2.89
1.16
0.70
1.46
0.56
1.15
0.22

▲45%
▲38%
▲51%
▲66%
▲35%
▲47%
▲14%
▲44%

▲25%
▲ 7%
▲40%▲39%
▲27%
▲27%
▲ 8%
▲25%---▲0.48© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

2. Laws and regulations in Japan(HVAC sector)
1) The latest Japanese government's environmental policy② Cabinet decision for ”the 6th Basic Energy Plan”（22nd Oct. 2021）
The 10th anniversary of the Great East Japan Earthquake
Confirmation of basic policy of S + 3Es(Safety, Energy Security, Economic Efficiency, Environment)
 "2050 Carbon Neutrality“Business / housing sector-Building Energy Conservation Law-Strengthen “Top Runner Programs”
in building materials and equipment.

© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

2. Laws and regulations in Japan(HVAC sector)
1) The latest Japanese government's environmental policy③ The latest movement regarding Act on Rational Use and Proper Management ofFluorocarbons (Joint Conference by METI and MOE (held on 29th Nov. 2021))

 Faucet: Steady implementation of Kigali amendment. Strict operation of allocation
under the Ozone Layer Protection Law

 Upstream: Widespread use of “Green Refrigerant” equipment

Mainstreaming Natural Refrigerant equipment, development of
ultra-low GWP refrigerant, Further development of equipment compatiblewith green refrigerant Midstream: Zero leakage during operation Improved accuracy of leak detection
using IoT technology, etc.

 Downstream: Recovery rate to 100% Proper operation of reclaim/ destruction system,

Preparation for expected shortage of replenishment refrigerant andConstruction of a closed circulation system for refrigerant recovery/ reclaim© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

2. Laws and regulations in Japan(HVAC sector)

2) List of "designated products" under Act on Rational Use and Proper Management of Fluorocarbons

Designated Products(HVAC sector only)

Targeted GWP

Targeted Year

750

2018

①Floor type excluding less than 3 ref. ton

750

2020

②Floor type excluding more than 3 ref. ton & ③，④

750

2023

③Central A/C (turbo refrigeration)

100

2025

④VRF (newly built only)✓

750

2025

Mobile A/Cs

150

2023

Condensing Units &Fixed Refrigeration Units

1500

2025

Refrigeration Bending machine using hard polyurethaneform

100

2024

Central Refrigeration Systems

100

2019

Residential A/Cs
Commercial A/Cs Except for some applications
such as VRF type of coolingand heating at the same time,
which requires technicalinnovation

3rd Mar. 2021 by materials in fluorocarbon WG of METI
© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

2. Laws and regulations in Japan(HVAC sector)
3) Example about multi air conditioner for building (VRF)

Stakeholder

Related regulations and standards ：1. High Pressure Gas Safety Act
2. Product Standards of JRAIA( JRA 4070)
3. Guideline of JRAIA( JRA GL16)

・・・
・・・

Manufacturers（JRAIA)

maintenance

Safety measures:

Users

VRF
Building
designConstruction

1. Regulation of refrigerant filling amount (upper limit)
2. Installation of mechanical ventilation equipment
3. Installation of shut-off device※ ( 2 or 3 )+ Installation of detection and alarm device

Facility
designTo protect lives and assets of all thestakeholders and avoid market confusion, it isnecessary to do --- Risk assessment and,
 Through discussion amongst all

stakeholders© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues

1) Latest sales volume and refrigerant conversion status for each productProduct Category

Number of Units(k)& Y/Y (%)

Refrigerants

2021FY
Residential A/Cs

9,291.8 ( 92.0)

R32(almost 100%)●Commercial A/Cs

818.8 (101.2)

R410A，R32(small size)●

Residential H/P water heaters

607.6 (112.5)

CO2(almost 100%)●

Gas engine-driven A/Cs

26.8 ( 94.9)

R410A

●

Water chilling units

13.0 (103.1)

R32，R410A，R134A●

Air to air heat exchangers

143.6 (113.2)

NA－Commercial ref. cabinets

272.5 (112.5)

R290，R1234yf(self contained)

Condensing units

79.9 (107.7)

R448A，R410A，CO2●Refrigeration units

27.2 (100.4)

R22→R404A，R410A●R404A→R410A，CO2(separate type)●© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues2) Basic concept

JRAIA does work towards the realization of CN2050 while considering S+3E.
1) HVAC&R industry’s basic stance towards CN2050 : Aim to expand the use of heat pump technology and products that are also highly efficient from theperspective of utilizing renewable energy.
 Use the designated product system to reduce HFCs as much as possible and aim for lower GWP, e.g. “Greenrefrigerants” such as natural refrigerants and ultra low-GWP refrigerants.
2) Direction of response to CN2050 in HVAC&R sector： Basic principle : S+3Es
Balanced target setting and target-driven activities on Safety plus Environment performance, Energy efficiency
and Economic feasibility are important.
 Safety(S) : Ensure safety together with users(consumers), installers and other relevant stakeholders
 Environment performance(E) : Convert to lower GWP refrigerants from an environmental point of view.
 Energy efficiency(E) : Improve the efficiency of equipment systems from the perspective of improving
energy efficiency (directly linked to the reduction of CO2 emissions).
 Economic feasibility(E) : A reasonable price (cost) that balances the above three items is essential topromote market diffusion.

© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues2) Basic concept

S+3Es

Key points in refrigerant conversion

Legal regulations

S:Safety• Low toxicity• Low flammability

High Pressure Gas Safety Act

E: Environment• ODP zero• Lower GWP-Ozone Layer Protection Law-Act on Rational Use and Proper
Management of Fluorocarbons• High Seasonal Energy
Efficiency

Energy Saving Law(Top runner program)

Performance

E: Energy

Efficiency

E: EconomicFeasibility• Initial Cost
• Running Cost

© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues2) Basic concept

S+3Es

Key points
in refrigerant conversion
Appropriate
Risk Assessment

Legal regulations

S:Safety• Low toxicity• Low flammability

High Pressure Gas Safety Act

E: Environment• ODP zero• Lower GWP-Ozone Layer Protection Law-Act on Rational Use and Proper
Management of Fluorocarbons• High Seasonal Energy
Efficiency

Energy Saving Law(Top runner program)

Performance

E: Energy

Efficiency

E: EconomicFeasibility• Initial Cost
• Running Cost

New technology
development© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues2) Basic concept

S:Safety
E: Environment

Performance

E: Energy

Efficiency
E: EconomicFeasibility③ Specific equipment-based energy conservation regulations(Top Runner Program):-Matters approved by METI Air Conditioner & Electric Water Heater
Judgment Criteria WG (18th Oct. 2021):

・ The next target year for air conditioners is 2027
・ As a policy for formulating the next target standard value for wall-mounted
type, consider social and economic circumstances and formulate the next
target standard value based on economic efficiency.
・ Concept of classification (abolition of classification by dimensions, formulation ofclassification in cold regions)-The Judgment Criteria WG was held at the beginning of the year (Jan.13), and the final
summary including specific target values.

-The next target year for heat pump water heaters is 2025
(The water heater will be discussed at the WG in March)-Direction of increasing the target value while integrating the categories.
-Review of energy-saving label display (same as gas appliances)© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues2) Basic concept

S:Safetyi) Challenges and responses in refrigerant conversion：

E: Environment

Performance

E: EnergyEfficiency
E: Economic
Feasibilityii) Estimation example of the direct and indirect CO2 emission:© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues
3) Regulations on Refrigerant Leak Inspection in Japan

S:Safety
E: Environment
Performance
E: Energy
Efficiency
E: Economic
Feasibility

Inspection
TypeEquipment

Simplified All
Inspection equipment
Periodical Air
Inspection Conditioners

Motor
Rated
PowerAll≧50kW

7.5~＜50kW
Refrigerators&Freezers≧7.5kW

Inspection
PeriodBy whoHow

AnyoneVisualInspection

QualifiedpersonUsing
Inspection using a
Inspection leak detection
Tools etc. system can also be

More than
Qualified
once per 3 yrs. person

Using(details next page)
Inspection
Tools etc.

More thanonce per 1 yr.

Using
Inspection
Tools etc.

More thanonce per 3mth.
More thanonce per 1 yr.

Qualifiedpersonan alternative.

© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

3. Industry's commitment to environmental issues4) Leak Detection System Utilizing IoT Technology
Example of system.

S:Safety
E: Environment

Performance

E: Energy

Efficiency
E: EconomicFeasibility

Manager etc.

Notification whenleakage is detected

Cont. Panel

Installed in stores, etc. to detectsigns of leakage

To detect leaks in theentire system
Temp. sensor

Temp. sensor

Press. sensor

Press. sensor

Requirements as a legally compliant system (prepared as JRAIA industry guidelines)
・Measurement items:
temperature and pressure inside the refrigerant circuit etc. More thanonce a day
・Diagnostic items: changes in temperature and pressure
・Recording method
・Notification means・Performance criteria© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

４．Towards realization of 2050 carbon neutrality
1) Priorities for CN2050 as considered by JRAIA

Future issues to realize CN2050
JRAIA considers the following three points to be important in order to realize CN2050.
1. Building a safety infrastructure when using flammable refrigerants
According to the risk assessment on split air conditioners, in the utilization of natural refrigerants(R290 etc.), themost important thing is to raise the level of contractors in installation, service, and removal where human error
can be considered. Measures such as a legal qualification system are important..
More stringent regulations are required to safe use of them.
2. Construction of a “social system” that recovery/reclaim refrigerants for a sustainable society
Reduction of refrigerant leakage and improvement of refrigerant recovery/ reclaim rate．
This is also an important matter for realizing a sustainable society.
3. It is neccesary to seek and find new green refrigerants with ultra-low GWP and high efficiency.
For applications where natural refrigerants are not suitable, It is necessary to seek and find
new green refrigerants that achieve both ultra-low GWP and high efficiency.

© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

４．Towards realization of 2050 carbon neutrality2) CN2050 society realized by refrigeration cycle

 HVAC/R industries will contribute to the sustainable improvementof people‘s lives and welfare through cooling/heating/freezing/hot
water supply using the refrigeration cycle.
 To achieve “carbon neutrality” with sustainability and inclusivity, it’s vital to keep
providing cooling/heating JRAIA will continue to work together with the government and academia toward
the realization of carbon neutral society while considering safety, environmental
performance, energy conservation, and economic efficiency increase.

© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

４．Towards realization of 2050 carbon neutrality
2) CN2050 society realized by refrigeration cycle

Industrial heat pump

- supplied heat
- with using heat source from ambient air, geothermal
and minimizing thermal loss, key of electrification

Process cooling/Cooling ICT server rooms

Industries

Food Showcase

For Medical
Supply Chain

Freight (reefer container, etc.)- preserved foods, contribution forreduction food losses- Delivery foods, medicines, etc.

Supply chain (Cold chain)

Comfort cooling/heating:- anti heat stroke- supplied heat w/o air
pollution in space, key ofelectrification

All images are forillustration purpose only.

Office/Residential© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.

The endThank you for your kind attention!!
Contact with; t-okada@jraia.or.jp© 2022 JRAIA The Japan Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Industry Association. All Rights Reserved.