ACECC TC21 Seminar: Exploring the Synergy: Innovation and TDA in DRR

Collaboration between Government and Private Sectors
toward Digital Transformationof Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Japan
Yoshihiro Katsuhama, Ph.D.
日本工營株式會社 勝濵 良博

Chief Specialist, Digital Business Development Office
Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.
September 20, 2023

Contents of Presentation

1. Disaster Events and Characteristic of Disasters in Japan
2. Activities of Digital Authority, Japan
3. Public-Private Digital Transformation Committee in DRR
4. Examples of Digital Solutions in DRR

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Disaster Eventsand Characteristics of Disasters
in JapanFebruary 27, 2015

Incident: Kumamoto Earthquake（熊本地震）April 2016

Photo: Kumanichi com

Photo: The Sunday Morning Herald World

Photo Taro Karibe/Getty
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Incident: Kinugawa River Flooding (鬼怒川洪水) Sep. 2015

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Incident: Mt. Ontake Eruption（御嶽山噴火）September 2014
Photo: Kuroda Terutoshi, from the video

Photo: The Huffington Post
Photo: Pronk Palisades

Photo: golden-tamatama.com

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Incident: Hiroshima Debris Flow （廣島土石流）August 2014
Photo: Manila Bulletin

Photo: Sankei Shimbun
Photo: AsahiShimbun

Photo: Tomo News
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Incident: Snow Disasters (雪害)
Photo: un-farm.com

Photo: hekomi 119

Photo: kyuumaru TK
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Number of Deaths and Missing Persons Caused by Natural Disaster in Japan

Source: White Paper; Disaster Management in Japan, 2022 (防災白書)
Note:

With regard to the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (阪神淡路大震災) and the Great East Japan Earthquake (東日本大震災), those figures include earthquake-related deaths.
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Annual Number of Events with Precipitation ≥ 50mm/hour

Source: White Paper; Disaster Management in Japan, 2022 (防災白書)
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Activities of Digital Authority, Japan

February 27, 2015

Establishment of Digital Agency, September 2021

• Established in September 2021
• One-third of officials are fromprivate sector• Aiming at digitalization, notonly digitization

My number card

Homepage of Digital Agency Website
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11Organization of Digital Agency as of November 2022
Source: Digital Agency Website

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Public-Private
Digital Transformation Committee
in DRR

February 27, 2015

Website of the Committee

Public-Private Digital Transformation Committee on DRR
https://ppp-bosai-dx.jp/

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Purpose and Members of the Committee

Purpose:To realize DRR both in usual and emergency situation by
public-private collaboration
Members:357 entities as of August 24, 2023 consisting of 84 local publicentities (prefecture government, municipalities, publicorganizations) and 273 private entities (data providers,consultants, transportation, startups, Siers, insurance, finance,media, medical, NPOs, etc.)
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Mission of the Committee

1. Clarification of issues; To clarify issues relevant to DRR to
decide direction of public-private collaboration
2. Platform Development; To propose ideal data linkage
platform especially from the view point of platform users,
such as citizens and municipalities3. Market Development; To create new business opportunities
to realize digital transformation of DRR by public-private
collaboration
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Major Activities of the Committee

1. Interview and questionnaire surveys to entities relevant to DRR to identify
issues
2. Identification of technological trend to determine areas of emphasis andaccelerate dissemination of DRR solutions
3. Design of data architecture and data linkage platform
4. Design of data items for DRR applications
5. Design of procurement criteria for applications and systems
6. Design of usage of my number (ID) card for DRR
7. Other subjects to accelerate digital transformation on DRR
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Examples of Digital Solutions in DRR

February 27, 2015

Climate Change Prediction for Adaptation Planning and Risk Analysis
Nippon Koei ClimVault, a portal site for obtaining future climate forecast information on rainfall, temperature,etc. for major cities, is now available for free.
https://nk-climvault.com/

As a tool that allows
anyone to obtain highly
accurate basic
information, Nippon
Koei ClimVault can beused in climate change
adaptation business andresearch in variousfields.

Satellite Information Services
Challenge

Impact••Until now, it has been difficult to monitor a wide area on a regularbasis and with the same accuracy over a long period of time.

Used in case of disaster

Utilize optical satellites, SAR satellites, etc. to enable periodic, highlyaccurate, and long-term information collection, analysis, and evaluation.
Optical satellite

SAR satellite■ Observe sunlight reflected from an object.
■ Capable of recognizing the color, size, shape,etc. of an object.
■ Intuitive and easy to understand, just like acamera.
■ Clouds are not transparent and nighttime
photography is not possible.

■ Observe the reflection of microwaves irradiatedon its own object.
■ The presence/absence, material, structure,change, etc. of the object can be determined.
■ The image showing the intensity of thereflection is in black and white and difficult tounderstand.
■ Capable of taking pictures regardless of clouds
or nighttime.
■ As the images are taken under the same
conditions, they are suitable for viewing changes
in the state of an object.

Used in case of disaster

Identification ofinundation areas

Identification oflandslide areas

Monitoring ofdevelopment status

Automatically extract
inundated areas from opticaland SAR satellite data taken
immediately after a disaster

Automatically extract
landslide areas from opticaland SAR satellite data taken
immediately after a disaster

Analyze images taken
regularly by optical satellites
and identify areas where
urban development has
taken place.

Vegetation
Monitoring

Slope changemonitoring

Infrastructure Facility
Monitoring

Confirm the distribution area
and condition of vegetation by
optical satellite, and extract
locations of decaying wood,etc.

Confirm a wide range of slope
variation conditions andevaluate the degree of risk with
time-series interferometricanalysis of SAR satellite data

Observe aging change of a wide
range of infrastructure facilities
and conduct risk assessment
through time-seriesinterferometric analysis of SAR
satellite data.

Solution•

Information can be analyzed and evaluated according to various needs.

©Planet©DigitalGlobe©PlanetTrack Record•••

A solid track record in providing support for many municipalities and government
agencies.
Investigation work for deciphering and analyzing inundation areas using satellite images(MLIT)
Advanced Satellite Remote Sensing Data Application Model Demonstration Project forProblem Solving (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan)

Disaster Prevention Information Platform (Bosuke®)
Challenge

Impact••••Strengthening local resilience
Difficulty in grasping information centrally and responding quickly
Insufficient local inundation status and risk information

Various services are realized on the platform by storing,processing, analyzing, visualizing, and evaluating
informationProduct•••Cloud-based real-time disaster evacuation plan service
Supporting disaster response and evacuation actions leading to thesafety and security of local communities
Disaster risk analysis and visualization of damage prediction
Visualization of urban 3D inundation conditions by displaying real-time inundation analysis results and inundation
sensor information

Overlays national hazard maps and weather information

Track record•

Studies and PoC are being implemented in Davao City, Iwaki City,
Fujimino City, and Shizuoka City, etc.

System Concept of Bosuke®

• Cloud basis one-stop solution forproviding flood risk information

Flood Detection Sensor
Flood Duration

Sensor Location• The system provides prediction ofwater level rising, flow volume,
overflow to flood plain by
inundation analysis in real-time.
• The analysis can be customized.

Flooded Area

Flood Depth

Inundation Analysis
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System Composition of Bosuke ®

CLIENT
STANDARD

Municipalities, Private Companies
Rainfall runoff, channel routing, and inundation analysis using RRI model1)

Rainfall, DEM

Flow volume Water levelInundation

Overlay Data
• Meteorological and hydrological information2)• Flood and landslide information• Infrastructure and geological information• Other natural hazard information

1) RRI (Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation) Model, developed by Public Works Research Institute, Japan
2) Data provided by JMA (Japan Meteorological Agency) and MLIT (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) in Japan

ADD-ON
Flood sensor

AI
prediction

Satellite
analysis

Underground
inundation
analysis

Peopleflow

Probetraffic
data

AR/VR

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23Add-on: Flood Detection Sensor (Bosuke ®)BasinNetwork

Monitoring changes of flooded area inreal-time• Monitoring changes of signal fromsensor• Browsing on smartphone as well as
office PC

Flood Senser
Aggregate RouterServerLTE,
PLWA
LTE, LPWA
2.4GHzVisualize

Realtime Monitoring MAP
FloodedArea

Aggregate
RouterFlood
Evacuation

Downstream

Flood
SenserCopyright Ⓒ NIPPON KOEI Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

24Add-on: Satellite Image Analysis (Bosuke ®)Copyright Ⓒ NIPPON KOEI Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

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Add-on: Evacuation Simulation (Bosuke ®)Case-1: Normal caseCase-2: Case-1 plus early evacuation in 2 hours advanceCaes-3: Case-2 plus 100% execution of evacuation order by government
Evacuation FailNo Action
Evacuation CenterInundation Depth
5.0 m –3.0 m – 5.0 m
1.0 m – 3.0 m
0.3 m – 1.0 m
0.0 m – 0.3 m

Case-1Case-2Case-3
No Action
Evacuation FailEvacuation Success
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Contact:
Yoshihiro Katsuhama
Chief Specialist, Digital Business Development Office, Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.
Email: a4766@n-koei.co.jp
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