‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‼⁓⁢⁓⁠‟⁇‽‒›⁛⁙⁚⁗⁤‒‷⁖⁧⁕⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠‒⁂⁤⁡⁙⁤⁓⁗‒⁡⁘‒‵⁡⁞⁞⁓⁔⁡⁤⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠‒›‷‒‵⁡⁠⁦⁤⁛⁔⁧⁦⁛⁡⁠‒⁦⁡‒⁄⁗⁙⁛⁡⁠⁓⁞‒‶⁗⁨⁗⁞⁡⁢ ⁗⁠⁦‒⁁⁢⁗⁠‒‸⁡⁤⁧ ‒‒ଐᒍ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↚᧙ↈ↺ңщ⇽∓⇖∏∆‒

Ⅴ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↚ⅹↀ↺‫؏ע‬ᝡྂ⇽∓⇞⇍⇕⇮Ⅵ‒π᧏⇻⇏∞∏∆‒‒‪‒‼⁧⁠⁗‒․•• „‒‣•‬••⊡‣ ‬••‒ ‒⁆⁡⁝⁫⁡‒‹⁓⁤⁖⁗⁠‒⁂⁓⁞⁓⁕⁗‒‒
࠯঺ ‣‫࠰ ‫‬உ ‪ ଐ‒‒ ‚᣿‛‛‒ ‣•‬••⊡‣ ‬••‒
ிʮ⇒∞⇭∙⇷−⇟‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒ɼ‒ ͵≝ଐᒍ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↚᧙ↈ↺ңщ⇽∓⇖∏∆ଐᒍӳӷਖ਼ᡶ‫ۀ‬Ճ˟‒‼⁓⁢⁓⁠‟⁇‽‒‼⁡⁛⁠⁦‒⁅⁦⁗⁗⁤⁛⁠⁙‒‵⁡⁛⁦⁦⁗⁗‒‒

Ⅲᒍ‫ͨ׎‬ਖ਼ᡶ‫ۀ‬Ճ˟Ⅳ‒⇊⇴⇿∞⇝∍∙∝‫∝ܖٻ‬২ᏡႾ ‶⁗⁢⁓⁤⁦ ⁗⁠⁦‒⁘⁡⁤‒※⁠⁠⁡⁨⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠„‒⁇⁠⁛⁨⁗⁤⁥⁛⁦⁛⁗⁥‒⁓⁠⁖‒⁅⁝⁛⁞⁞⁥‒‚‶※⁇⁅‛‒≋଒૙Ꮛ২ᏡႾ ‶⁗⁢⁓⁤⁦ ⁗⁠⁦‒⁘⁡⁤‒‷⁖⁧⁕⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠‒⁓⁠⁖‒⁅⁝⁛⁞⁞⁥‒‚‶⁘‷⁅‛≝․••

࠰

உϐዻ≌‒

⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎⇑⇌∙⇝∑ ›⁛⁙⁚⁗⁤‒‷⁖⁧⁕⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠‒‸⁧⁠⁖⁛⁠⁙‒‵⁡⁧⁠⁕⁛⁞‒⁘⁡⁤‒‷⁠⁙⁞⁓⁠⁖‒‚›‷‸‵‷‛‒
ᒍ‫ܖٻ׎‬ң˟ ⁇⁠⁛⁨⁗⁤⁥⁛⁦⁛⁗⁥‒⁇‽‒‚⁇⁇‽‛‒⇼∐⇬⇉⇩⇝∋∝⇑⇌∙⇝∑ ⁆⁚⁗‒‴⁤⁛⁦⁛⁥⁚‒‵⁡⁧⁠⁕⁛⁞‒‒‒
Ⅲଐஜͨਖ਼ᡶ‫ۀ‬Ճ˟Ⅳ‒
૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ ‿⁛⁠⁛⁥⁦⁤⁫‒⁡⁘‒‷⁖⁧⁕⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠„‒‵⁧⁞⁦⁧⁤⁗„‒⁅⁢⁡⁤⁦⁥„‒⁅⁕⁛⁗⁠⁕⁗‒⁓⁠⁖‒⁆⁗⁕⁚⁠⁡⁞⁡⁙⁫‒‚‿‷⁊⁆‛‒‒
཯ᇌᘍ૎ඥʴ‒ ଐஜ‫ܖ‬ᘐਰᐻ˟ ‼⁓⁢⁓⁠‒⁅⁡⁕⁛⁗⁦⁫‒⁘⁡⁤‒⁦⁚⁗‒⁂⁤⁡ ⁡⁦⁛⁡⁠‒⁡⁘‒⁅⁕⁛⁗⁠⁕⁗‒‚‼⁅⁂⁅‛‒
཯ᇌᘍ૎ඥʴ‒ ‫׎‬ᇌ‫ܖٻ‬ᝠѦ∝ኺփ⇡∙⇥∞‒‒ ‵⁗⁠⁦⁗⁤‒⁘⁡⁤‒⁀⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠⁓⁞‒⁇⁠⁛⁨⁗⁤⁥⁛⁦⁫‒‸⁛⁠⁓⁠⁕⁗‒⁓⁠⁖‒‿⁓⁠⁓⁙⁗ ⁗⁠⁦‒‚‵⁇‸‿‛‒‫ܖٻ‬σӷМဇೞ᧙ඥʴ‒ ʴ᧓૨҄ᄂᆮೞನ ⁀⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠⁓⁞‒※⁠⁥⁦⁛⁦⁧⁦⁗⁥‒⁘⁡⁤‒⁦⁚⁗‒›⁧ ⁓⁠⁛⁦⁛⁗⁥‒‚⁀※›⁇‛‒
ᅈ‫ׇ‬ඥʴ‒ ‫׎‬ᇌ‫ܖٻ‬ң˟ ⁆⁚⁗‒‼⁓⁢⁓⁠‒″⁥⁥⁡⁕⁛⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠‒⁘⁡⁤‒⁀⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠⁓⁞‒⁇⁠⁛⁨⁗⁤⁥⁛⁦⁛⁗⁥‒‚‼″⁀⁇‛‒
཯ᇌᘍ૎ඥʴ‒ ‫ܖٻ‬ᚸ̖∝‫ܖ‬ˮ੉ɨೞನ ⁀⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠⁓⁞‒※⁠⁥⁦⁛⁦⁧⁦⁛⁡⁠‒⁘⁡⁤‒″⁕⁓⁖⁗ ⁛⁕‒‶⁗⁙⁤⁗⁗⁥‒⁓⁠⁖‒⁇⁠⁛⁨⁗⁤⁥⁛⁦⁫‒‷⁨⁓⁞⁧⁓⁦⁛⁡⁠‒‚⁀※″‶‟⁇‷‛‒‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒Ⴘ‒ ‒ ഏ‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒‒⇽∓⇖∏∆∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝≖‒‒‒‒
ҜЭ↝ᢿ∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝≘‒‒‒‒
Ҝࢸ↝ᢿ∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝≗≔‒‒‒‒⇟∏⇊⇯∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝≜≚‒‒‒‒
ႇّᎍဦഭ∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝∝≔≚≖‒‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒

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ଐᒍ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↚᧙ↈ↺ңщ⇽∓⇖∏∆‒

Ⅴ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↚ⅹↀ↺‫؏ע‬ᝡྂ⇽∓⇞⇍⇕⇮Ⅵπ᧏⇻⇏∞∏∆‒
࠯঺≔≜࠰≙உ≛ଐ≋᣿≌≒‒ ிʮ⇒∞⇭∙⇷−⇟‒ ࠯‫‒᧓↝ܤ‬⇽‒ ∓‒ ⇖‒ ∏‒ ∆‒ҜЭ↝ᢿ‒‒‣•‬••‒‟‒‣•‬‣‧‒

᧏˟ਮਠ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒஭ဋ‒ Ⴚ೔‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ‫ٻ‬ᐫ‫ܫ‬৐‫ݙ‬ᜭ‫‒ܫ‬‒⇞∍⇈∙⇰∝⇶∞⇕‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇼∐⇬⇉⇩⇝∋∝⇑⇌∙⇝∑ᬟଐˊᘙ‒‣•‬‣‧‒‟‒‣•‬…‧‒

ؕᛦᜒ๫≔≋ଐஜ≌‒ Ⅴ‫↝↖૾ע‬ᅹ‫ܖ‬২ᘐ̟ᡶ↝↎↰↝૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ↝இᡈ↝૾ᤆⅥ‒ங஭‒ ‫ܖٻ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ܒ‬ᚸ̖∝‫ܖ‬ˮ੉ɨೞನᧈ‒ ‒‣•‬…‧‒‟‒‣‣‬‣‧‒

ؕᛦᜒ๫≕≋ᒍ‫ ‒≌׎‬Ⅴ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↗⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯‫૾ע‬Ⅵ‒⇭⇊√⇉⇩⇯∝⇊∞⇟⇮⇌⇩⇯‒ ‒ ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎⇑⇌∙⇝∑ྸʙᧈ‒ ‒‣‣‬‣‧‒‟‒‣‣‬…‧‒

˞ক‒‣‣‬…‧‒‟‒‣․‬‣‧‒

ឋွࣖሉ‒Ⅲ∈⇭−∞⇥Ⅳ‒ ‫ٻ‬᱾‒ ʶ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ʴ᧓૨҄ᄂᆮೞನྸʙ‒⇌⇍∙⇭⇉∞∝⇷∞⇡∑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇵∞⇮⇻⇏∞⇯⇝∉∞‫ܖٻ‬и‫‒ᧈܖ‬‣․‬‣‧‒‟‒‣․‬․‧‒

ؕᛦᜒ๫ዮਙ‒‫ٻ‬᱾‒ ʶ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ʴ᧓૨҄ᄂᆮೞನྸʙ‒⇌⇍∙⇭⇉∞∝⇷∞⇡∑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇵∞⇮⇻⇏∞⇯⇝∉∞‫ܖٻ‬и‫‒ᧈܖ‬‣․‬․‧‒‟‒‣․‬‥•‒

Ҝࢸ↝⇽∓⇖∏∆ኰʼ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒−⇠∐∞∝⇾⇊∄∙‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇼∐⇬⇉⇩⇝∋∝⇑⇌∙⇝∑ᬟଐиˊᘙ‒‣․‬‥•‒‟‒‣‥‬‣‧‒

˞ক∝ଷ᫢‒ ‒Ҝࢸ↝ᢿ‒ ‒
Ⅲ∈⇭−∞⇥Ⅳ‒ ⇛∞∝⇭⇊√⇉⇩⇯∝∕⇮⇣∙‒ ‒ ∓∙⇯∙‫ܖٻ‬૙Ꮛᄂᆮ৑૙੉‒‣‥‬‣‧‒‟‒‣‥‬…‧‒

ؕᛦᜒ๫≖‒ Ⅴ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↗‫׎↝ ‶‵‷⁁‒‟ ‒؏ע‬ᨥ−⇹∋∞∝⇽∓⇞⇍⇕⇮ⅺ↸‫↏⇂ܖ‬૙᚞Ⅵ ‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ∊∞⇰∝⇽∞⇑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⁁‷‵‶ ⇈⇰∐⇟⇮‒ ‒ ‒‣‥‬…‧‒‟‒‣…‬••‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ឋွࣖሉ‒‣…‬••‒‟‒‣…‬‥•‒ ‒ ⇗∞⇟∝⇟⇥⇭⇉ ‣≝⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯ிᢿ↗࠼޽↝ᙻ‫إݑ‬ԓ‒⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯ிᢿ‫∝ܖٻ؏ע‬ೞ᧙‒࠼޽‫‒ܖٻ‬‣…‬‥•‒‟‒‣…‬…‧‒ ‒ ឋွࣖሉ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‣…‬…‧‒‟‒‣‧‬‣‧‒ ‒ ˞ক‒‣‧‬‣‧‒‟‒‣‧‬…‧‒ ‒ ⇗∞⇟∝⇟⇥⇭⇉≕≝⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯҅ிᢿ↗҅ʋ߸↝ᙻ‫ݑ‬ᚧբ‒⊡߻‫↚࠘עئ‬ⅹↀ↺᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝡྂ↚↓ⅳ↕⊡‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯҅ிᢿ‫∝ܖٻ؏ע‬ೞ᧙‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ҅ʋ߸ࠊᇌ‫‒ܖٻ‬‣‧‬…‧‒‟‒‣ ‬••‒ ‒ ឋွࣖሉ‒‣ ‬••‒‟‒‣ ‬‥•‒ ‒ ⇭⇉⇟⇑⇩⇝∍∙‒‣ ‬‥•‒‟‒‣ ‬…‧‒ ‒ ᧍˟ਮਠ‒⇭⇊√⇉⇩⇯∝⇊∞⇟⇮⇌⇩⇯‒ ‒ ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎⇑⇌∙⇝∑ྸʙᧈ‒⇞∍⇈∙⇰∝⇶∞⇕‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇼∐⇬⇉⇩⇝∋∝⇑⇌∙⇝∑ᬟଐˊᘙ‒‣ ‬…‧‒‟‒‣ ‬••‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ᧍˟ਮਠ‒ங஭‒ ‫ܖٻ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ܒ‬ᚸ̖∝‫ܖ‬ˮ੉ɨೞನᧈ‒‣ ‬••‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ᧍˟‒‣ ‬‥•‒‟‒‣‫ ‒ ‒••‬‫‬−⇡⇽⇝∍∙≋ிʮ⇒∞⇭∙⇷−⇟‒ ፶ᘘ↝᧓≌‒ ‒
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ҜЭ↝ᢿ‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒‒᧏˟ਮਠ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒஭ဋ‒ Ⴚ೔‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ‫ٻ‬ᐫ‫ܫ‬৐‫ݙ‬ᜭ‫‒ܫ‬⇞∍⇈∙⇰∝⇶∞⇕‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇼∐⇬⇉⇩⇝∋∝⇑⇌∙⇝∑ᬟଐˊᘙ‒‒‒ؕᛦᜒ๫≔≋ଐஜ≌‒ Ⅴ‫↝↖૾ע‬ᅹ‫ܖ‬২ᘐ̟ᡶ↝↎↰↝૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ↝இᡈ↝૾ᤆⅥ‒ங஭‒ ‫ܖٻ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ܒ‬ᚸ̖∝‫ܖ‬ˮ੉ɨೞನᧈ‒ ‒‒ ≍⇟∏⇊⇯‒ ⁂‫‒ •‣⊡‫‫‬‒‒
ؕᛦᜒ๫≕≋ᒍ‫ ‒≌׎‬Ⅴ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↗⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯‫૾ע‬Ⅵ‒⇭⇊√⇉⇩⇯∝⇊∞⇟⇮⇌⇩⇯‒ ‒ ‒ ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎⇑⇌∙⇝∑ྸʙᧈ‒ ‒≍⇟∏⇊⇯‒ ⁂‣•‪⊡‣․‧‒‒‒
ឋွࣖሉ∝ؕᛦᜒ๫ዮਙ‒Ⅲ∈⇭−∞⇥Ⅳ‒ ‒‫ٻ‬᱾‒ ʶ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ʴ᧓૨҄ᄂᆮೞನྸʙ‒⇌⇍∙⇭⇉∞∝⇷∞⇡∑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇵∞⇮⇻⇏∞⇯⇝∉∞‫ܖٻ‬и‫‒ᧈܖ‬
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᧏˟ਮਠ
஭ဋᴾ Ⴚ೔ ί૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ‫ٻ‬ᐫ‫ܫ‬৐‫ݙ‬ᜭ‫ܫ‬ὸἊἹỴὅἜὉἢὊἁ ίἨἼἘỵἕἉἷὉỽỸὅἉἽᬟଐˊᘙὸ
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾมળ㧔ട⮮ ᢅ㓶 ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴ ⹏ଔ੐ᬺㇱ㐳㧕ߘࠇߢߪ‫ޔ‬ቯೞߣߥࠅ߹ߒߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬ด੹ࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޟ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻‫౏ߩޠ‬㐿ࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓࠍ㐿௅⥌ߒ߹ߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߩมળࠍ
ോ߼ߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴ߩട⮮ߣ↳ߒ߹ߔ‫ߙ߁ߤޕ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᧄᣣߩ੍ቯߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ߇‫߅ޔ‬ᚻరߩ㈩Ꮣ⾗ᢱߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍߏⷩ㗂ߌ߹ߔߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬⾗ᢱߩਇ⿷╬߇ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚࠄ‫߅ޔ‬ᚻᢙߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ળ႐ౝߩࠬ࠲࠶ࡈ߹ߢ߅⍮ࠄߖ㗂߈߹ߔ᭽߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬㈩Ꮣ⾗ᢱߩਛߦࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻↪⚕߇ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩ㐿௅╬ߩෳ⠨ߦߐߖߡ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᤚ㕖ߏ⸥౉ࠍ߅㗿޿ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫౉⸥ߏޕ‬㗂߈߹ߒߚࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻↪⚕ߪ‫ੌ⚳ࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈᧄޔ‬ᓟߦળ႐಴ญߢࠬ࠲࠶ࡈ߇࿁෼ߦ޽ߚࠅ
߹ߔ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬ฃઃߦ߽࿁෼▫ࠍ⸳⟎ߒߡߏߑ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߏޔ‬දജࠍ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ඦ೨ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢߪ‫߅ޔ‬ੑᣇߩၮ⺞⻠Ṷ‫ޔ‬෸߮ၮ⺞⻠Ṷߩ✚᜝ࠍ㗂ߊ੍ቯߦߥߞߡߏ
ߑ޿߹ߔ‫߅ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ੑੱ⋡ߩၮ⺞⻠Ṷߩ⚳ੌᓟ‫ޔ‬ભᙑࠍ᜽ߺ߹ߒߡ‫⇼⾰ޔ‬ᔕ╵ߩᤨ㑆ࠍ⸳ߌߡߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽ᣇߩⓍᭂ⊛ߥߏ⾰໧ࠍ㗂ߌࠇ߫ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆߣߎࠈߢߏߑ޿߹ߔߩ
ߢ‫ߙ߁ߤޔ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪᆎ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ᄢ⤿ቭᚱክ⼏ቭ᧛↰ ⋥᮸᭽ࠃࠅ㐿ળߩߏ᜿ᜦࠍ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣሽߓ߹ߔ‫ߙ߁ߤޕ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᧛↰ ⋥᮸ ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ᄢ⤿ቭᚱክ⼏ቭ⊝᭽߅ߪࠃ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ᄢ⤿ቭᚱክ⼏ቭ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᜂᒰߩ᧛↰ ⋥᮸ߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޟ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻‫౏ޠ‬㐿ࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩ㐿ળߦ޽ߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ࠍઍ⴫ߒ߹ߒߡ‫ߏ⸒৻ޔ‬᜿ᜦࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߕᆎ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ਔ࿖ߩቇ㐳వ↢ᣇ߿ᄢቇ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ߏߩޘ‬ዧജߦࠃࠅ‫࡜࡯ࠜࡈߩߎޔ‬ࡓ߇㐿௅ߐࠇ߹ߔߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬ᔃࠃࠅ߅ᘮ߮↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ߦ߼ߚߩࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈߩߎޔߦࠄߐޕ‬᧪ᣣ㗂߈‫ߣ޽ߩߎޔ‬ၮ⺞⻠Ṷߥߤ⾆㊀ߥ߅⹤ࠍ㗂ߊߎߣߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ⧷࿖㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩ࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼ℂ੐㐳ߪߓ߼⧷࿖஥ߩߏ৻ⴕߩ⊝᭽ߦෘߊᓮ␞↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬  ੹࿁ߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩ࠹࡯ࡑߪ‫ޟ‬࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻‫ޔ߇ߔ߹޿ߡߞߥߣޠ‬᭽‫ߥޘ‬ᗧ๧ߦ߅޿ߡᤨቱࠍᓧߚ࠹࡯ࡑ⸳ቯߢ޽ࠅ‫ࠍࡑ࡯࠹ߩߎޔ‬ㆡಾߦㆬᛯߐࠇߚᣇ‫ߦޘ‬ᢘᗧࠍ⴫ߒ
ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߕ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫⚂ࠄ߆੹ޔ‬㧢㧜ᐕ೨ߦᚢᓟߩᢎ⢒೙ᐲߩᨒ⚵ߺࠍቯ߼ߚᢎ⢒ၮᧄᴺ߇‫ޔ‬ᤓᐕ㧝㧞᦬ߦೋ߼ߡᡷᱜߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧢㧜ᐕ೨ߦߪ⍴ᦼᄢቇࠍ฽߼ߚᄢቇ߳ߩㅴቇ₸ߪ
㧢㧑⒟ᐲߢߒߚ߇‫੹ޔ‬ᣣߢߪ㧡㧟㧑ߦ᜛ᄢߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᓎഀ߇ᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߦߥߞߡ
߈ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߎޕ‬ᢎ⢒ၮᧄᴺߩᡷᱜߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩᓎഀߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ቇⴚߩਛᔃߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㜞޿ᢎ㙃ߣኾ㐷⊛⢻ജࠍၭ߁ߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᷓߊ⌀ℂࠍតⓥߒߡᣂߚߥ⍮⷗ࠍഃㅧߒ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᚑᨐࠍᐢߊ␠ળߦឭଏߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ‫␠ޔ‬ળߩ⊒ዷߦነਈߔࠆ߽ߩߣ
ߔࠆ‫ⷙߩߣޠ‬ቯ߇⸳ߌࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߦߪ࿖౏⑳┙ࠍㅢߓߡ⚂㧣㧜㧜ߩᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫߇ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ᨐߚߒߡ޿
ࠆᯏ⢻߿ᓎഀߪᄙ᭽ߥ߽ߩ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߦਛᄩᢎ⢒ክ⼏ળ߇ขࠅ߹ߣ߼ߚ╵↳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇߩ⥄ਥ⊛ߥ್ᢿߦࠃࠅ‫߿⦡․ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬୘ᕈࠍ᣿⏕ൻߔࠆߎߣߢ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߩᄢቇ߇৻ጀᄙ᭽ൻߒ‫ޔ‬ᯏ⢻೎ߦಽൻߒߡ޿ߊߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߔ‫ߣޔ‬ឭ⸒ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ‫ޔ‬㧝㧕਎⇇⊛⎇ⓥ࡮ᢎ⢒᜚ὐ‫ޔ‬㧞㧕㜞ᐲኾ㐷⡯ᬺੱ㙃ᚑ‫ޔ‬㧟㧕᏷ᐢ޿⡯ᬺੱ㙃ᚑ‫ޔ‬㧠㧕✚ว⊛ᢎ㙃ᢎ⢒‫ޔ‬㧡㧕․ቯߩኾ㐷⊛ಽ㊁ߩᢎ⢒‫ޔ‬㧢㧕࿾ၞߩ↢ᶦቇ⠌ᯏળߩ᜚ὐ‫ޔ‬㧣㧕␠ળ⽸₂ᯏ⢻ߥߤ߇଀␜ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇߪ޿ߕࠇ߆৻ߟߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ⶄᢙߩᯏ⢻ࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖࠆߎߣ߽฽߼ߡ‫ޔ‬ᯏ⢻ಽൻࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ߊߎߣ߇ᗐቯߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߣߒߡߪߘࠇߙࠇߩᯏ⢻ࠍિ߫ߔߚ߼ߩᄙ᭽ߥࡈࠔࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ
↪ᗧߒߡฦᄢቇࠍᡰេߔࠆߎߣߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ߐࠄߦ‫ޔ‬ㄭᐕ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒߣ࿾ᣇߩᩰᏅࠍ߼ߋࠆ᭽‫ࠆ޽߇⺰⼏ߥޘ‬ਛߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩᢥൻ‫᧚ੱޔ‬㙃ᚑ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߩ⊒ዷߦᨐߚߔᄢቇߩᓎഀߩ㊀ⷐᕈ߇ࠢࡠ࡯࠭ࠕ࠶ࡊߐࠇߟߟ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߢߪ᧪ᐕᐲߩ᭎▚ⷐ᳞ߦะߌߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩᄢቇ߇ㅪ៤දജߒߡ‫߆↢ࠍ⦡․ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ߒߚᢎ⢒ࠍ⋧੕ߦឭଏߒ޽ߞߚࠅ‫౒ޔ‬หߢᄢቇᢎຬߩ⎇ୃࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍታᣉߒߚࠅ‫౒ޔ‬หߒߡᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ⚵❱ࠍ᭴▽ߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળߦ↢ᶦቇ⠌ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍឭଏߔࠆ╬ߩᵴേࠍ⽷᡽⊛ߦᡰេߔࠆᣂߚߥࡈࠔࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ઁᣇ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫৻ޔ‬ቯᦼ㑆ߦࠊߚߞߡ⎇ⓥ⾗㊄ࠍㆬᛯߣ㓸ਛߩේೣߦၮߠ߈㈩ಽ
ߒߡ߈ߚߎߣ߇‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦ ᔨߔߴ߈ᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆‫ޔ‬ߣ޿ߞߚ⼏⺰߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ⡞޿ߡ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޔ߫߃଀ޕ‬࿖ᄢቇදળߢߪ⛮⛯⊛ߦᆔ⸤⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓇ㗀ߦߟ޿ߡࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠍߒߡ޿ࠆߣᛚ⍮ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ᣣ⧷ਔ࿖ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇␠ળ‫ߌࠊࠅߣޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળߦ߅޿ߡᨐߚߒߡ޿ࠆᯏ⢻‫ޔ‬ᨐߚߔߴ߈ᓎഀߦ⌕⋡ߒߡ‫ޔ‬⒳‫ࠍߣߎࠆ޿ߡࠇࠊⴕ߇⺰⼏ޘ‬⠨߃߹ߔߣ‫੹ޔ‬࿁ߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᚑᨐ߇‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒᡽╷ߩᒻᚑߦᗧ⟵ᷓ޿⽸₂ࠍߔࠆ߽ߩߣᦼᓙߐࠇ
ࠆߣߎࠈߢߔ‫ޕ‬ ߣߎࠈߢ‫ ޔ‬ᐕ߆ࠄᆎ߹ࠅ߹ߒߚᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᵴേߪ‫ߎޔ‬ߩ‫ޟ‬࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻‫ߡߞ߽ࠍޠ‬ᱷᔨߥ߇ࠄᦨᓟߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬㑆 ߦၭࠊࠇߚ⾆㊀ߥੱ⊛ߟߥ߇ࠅ߿߅੕޿ߩ⚻㛎ߦࠃߞߡᓧࠄࠇߚᖱႎߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ਔ࿖ߩᄢቇ
ߩ⊒ዷߦᄢ߈ߊነਈߒߡ߈ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ߽ᵴ߈⛯ߌࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬ߚ߼‫߽ࠄ߆ࠇߎޔ‬ਔ࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ಽ㊁ࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆ੤ᵹߪ⛯ߌߡ߹޿ࠅߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬෰ࠆ㧡᦬㧞㧤ᣣߦߪ‫⧷࡞ࡔ࡜ޔ‬࿖㜞╬ᢎ⢒࡮↢ᶦቇ⠌ᜂᒰ೽ᄢ⤿ߣᳰဌᢥㇱ⑼ቇ೽ᄢ
⤿ߣߩ㑆ߢ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆදജߦ㑐ߔࠆⷡᦠࠍ✦⚿ߒߚߣߎࠈߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬දജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㅢߓߡᒻᚑߐࠇߚᣣ⧷ߩᄢቇ㑆ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍၮ⋚ߣߒߡ‫ౕࠅࠃޔ‬૕⊛ߥᢎ
⢒⎇ⓥߩ౒หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ᒻᚑߐࠇ‫⊒ޔ‬ዷߔࠆߎߣࠍᦼᓙߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ᦨᓟߦߥࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޟ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻‫౏ޠ‬㐿ࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩ㐿௅ߩߚ߼ߦ‫ߏߢ߹ࠇߎޔ‬ዧജਅߐ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޔ‬㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ࠍࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈᧄޔߦ․ޔޘ‬ਥ௅ߐࠇߚᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴ߩᧁ᧛ᯏ᭴㐳ߪߓ߼㑐ଥߩ⊝᭽‫ࠢ࡯ࡃ࡮࠽ࡦࠕ࡚ࠫߩ࡞ࠪࡦ࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔ‬㚢ᣣઍ⴫ߣ㑐ଥߩ⊝᭽ߦᔃࠃࠅᢘᗧߣᗵ⻢ࠍ⴫ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ᧄࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߢߩᚑᨐ߇ᣣ⧷ਔ࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⊒ዷߦነਈߔࠆ߽ߩߣߥࠅ߹ߔࠃ߁‫߹ޔ‬ߚ‫ࠍࠇߎޔ‬ᯏߦਔ࿖ߩ෹ᅢ㑐ଥ߇৻ጀᷓ߹ࠅ߹ߔߎߣࠍ␨ᔨ޿ߚߒ߹ߒߡ‫ߩ⑳ޔ‬᜿ᜦߣߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕
᧛↰᭽‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽߽߁ߤޔ‬ᰴߦ‫࡞ࠪࡦ࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔ‬㚢ᣣઍ⴫ߩ࡚ࠫࠕࡦ࠽࡮ࡃ࡯ࠢ᭽ࠃࠅ㐿ળߩߏ᜿ᜦ
ࠍ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߙ߁ߤޕ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࡚ࠫࠕࡦ࠽࡮ࡃ࡯ࠢ ࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞㚢ᣣઍ⴫᧛↰ክ⼏ቭ‫⊝ߩ⾠᧪ߏޔ‬᭽‫ޟޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻‫ߦޠ‬㑐ߔࠆᧄᣣߩ
ࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩ㐿ળߦ޽ߚࠅ‫ߏߣߎߣ߭ޔ‬᜿ᜦࠍߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వㅳ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߩࡆ࡞࡮࡜ࡔ࡞↢ᶦቇ⠌࡮⛮⛯ᢎ⢒࡮㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᜂᒰ೽ᄢ⤿߇᧪ᣣߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩቇ㐳߿↢ᶦቇ⠌ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߩቇ㐳ߥߤ⧷࿖ߩઍ⴫࿅߽೽ᄢ⤿ߣߣ߽ߦ᧪ᣣߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬᧪ᣣߩ㓙‫↰᧛ޔ‬ክ⼏ቭ߇߅⹤ߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢‫ޔ‬ᯏ㑐‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆදജࠍ᜛ᄢߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߣ⧷࿖ߣߩ㑆ߢ‫ޟ‬දജߦ㑐ߔࠆⷡᦠ‫ߩ߳ޠ‬⺞ශ߇ⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ࿖㓙ൻ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ᣣ⧷㑆ߩ߈ࠊ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߥදജࠍࠊ߇࿖ߩ᡽ᐭ߇㊀ⷞߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍⵣઃߌߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⧷ߩᄢቇ㑆ߩ੤ᵹߪ㧝㧜㧜ᐕએ਄ߩᱧผ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩ⑳ߚߜߩදജ㑐ଥߪ‫ޔ‬ ᐕߦ‫ޔ‬ᒰᤨߩࡉ࡜࠶ࠢࠬ࠻ࡦ⧷࿖㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᄢ⤿߇㧳㧤ᢎ⢒ᄢ⤿ળวߩߚ߼ߦ᧪ᣣߒߚ
㓙ߦ‫ޕߚߒ߹ߒ↢⺀ޔ‬ㆊ෰ᢙᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚࠅ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬᡽╷ߣታ〣ߦ㑐ߔࠆᄢᄌታࠅᄙ޿
⸛⼏ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆ࿖┙ᄢቇᴺੱൻߩḰ஻ᦼ㑆߅ࠃ߮ᴺੱൻᓟߦ߅޿ߡ‫⽷ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬᡽‫⎇ޔࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ޔ‬ⓥ‫↥ޔ‬ቇㅪ៤ߥߤᄙ᭽ߥಽ㊁ߦ߅ߌࠆ᡽╷߿⚻㛎ࠍ౒᦭ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ㆊ⒟ߢᄙߊߩߎߣࠍቇ߮‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥㅪ៤߇᭴▽ߐࠇߚߎߣࠍ⏕ ାߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᧄᣣߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬දജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ╙㧟ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ߩ৻ㇱߢߔ‫ߩ࠭࡯ࠚࡈߩߎޕ‬✚ว⊛ߥߨࠄ޿ߪ‫ޔ‬࿖࡟ࡌ࡞‫⥄ޔ‬ᴦ૕࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦ㑐ߔࠆ᡽╷ߣታ〣ࠍ౒᦭ߒቇ⼂ߩ੤ᵹࠍ࿑ࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߩ⋧㆑ὐ‫ޔ‬㐳ᚲ‫ޔ‬น⢻ᕈ‫⋥ޔ‬㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ⺖㗴‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ࿾ၞߩ⊒ዷߣౣ↢߳ߩ⽸₂ࠍᡰ߃ࠆ᡽╷ߣታോߩ⊒ዷߦะߌߚข⚵ߺࠍ᣿⏕ߦߔࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖㑆ߩ⺞ᩏ߿㧻㧱㧯㧰ߩ࿖㓙⎇ⓥࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷㑆ߩข⚵ߺࠍઁߩ㧻㧱㧯㧰⻉࿖ߩ࿖㓙⊛ߥ⚻㛎ࠍၮḰߦ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߦవ┙ߞߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ᩏߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ਔ࿖ߦ߅
޿ߡⷞኤ⸰໧߇ⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬දജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߐࠇߚ⧷࿖ߩ㧞ߟߩ࿾ၞ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞߣ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞߩઍ⴫࿅‫ޔ‬෸߮ർ਻Ꮊߣᐢፉߩઍ⴫࿅ߦ߅⿧ߒ޿
ߚߛ޿ߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߩߎޔߤ߶ߜߩޔ‬ᣇ‫ⷞߦޘ‬ኤ⸰໧߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚᚲ⷗ࠍႎ๔ߒߡ޿ߚߛ
߈߹ߔ‫ᧄޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣣߪ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ℂ੐㐳ߩ࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ
࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼వ↢ߦߏෳട޿ߚߛ޿ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬వ↢ߦߪ⧷࿖஥ߩၮ⺞⻠Ṷࠍ߅㗿޿ߒߡ߅ࠅ
߹ߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޕ‬వ↢ߪ‫ޔ‬ℂ੐㐳ߣߒߡߪ੹࿁߇ೋ߼ߡߩ᧪ᣣߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬એ೨ߦ߽ᣣᧄ
ࠍ⸰໧ߐࠇߚߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᤓᐕߪ‫ޔ‬೨⡯ߢ޽ࠆࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻ࠕࡦࠣ࡝ࠕᄢቇߩቇ㐳ߣߒߡ᧪ᣣߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿖߆ࠄߩ߽߁߭ߣࠅߩ᧪⾠ߣߒߡ‫࠻ࡢ࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺࡮࡯ࠨޔ‬࠰ࡦవ↢ߦ߽߅಴ߢ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㐳ᐕߦࠊߚߞߡ‫ߩߎޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ
࡜ࡓߦᾲᔃߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ᧪ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫⧷ߡߟ߆ޕ‬࿖ᄢቇදળㆇ༡ᆔຬળઍ⴫෸߮ቇ㐳ࠍോ߼ࠄࠇߚࡢ࠻࠰ࡦవ↢ߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷‫ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬ᄢቇᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼ߢ޿ࠄߞߒ߾޿߹ߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߪඦᓟߩ࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩมળࠍ߅㗿޿ߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰߆ࠄߪࡗ࡯࠽࡮ࡊ࡯ࠞ
᭽ߦ߅⿧ߒ޿ߚߛ޿ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦ㑐ߔࠆࠃࠅ࿖㓙⊛ߥዷᦸࠍ⚫੺ߒߡ޿ߚߛߊߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣߪ㕖Ᏹߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇↪ᗧߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᵴ⊒ߥ⸛⼏߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆߎߣࠍᦼᓙߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߅ߊߒࠈࠃߙ߁ߤޕ‬㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ࡃ࡯ࠢ᭽‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽߽߁ߤޔ‬ؕᛦᜒ๫ ᾀ ίଐஜὸẐ‫૾ע‬Ểỉᅹ‫ܖ‬২ᘐ̟ᡶỉẺỜỉ૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞỉஇᡈỉ૾ᤆẑங஭ᴾ ‫ ܒ‬ί‫ܖٻ‬ᚸ̖Ὁ‫ܖ‬ˮ੉ɨೞನᧈὸ

ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾมળ㧔ട⮮㧕
ߘࠇߢߪ‫ࠅࠃࠇߎޔ‬ၮ⺞⻠Ṷߦ౉ࠅߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬వ߶ߤ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߒߚࠃ߁
ߦ‫ޔ‬ၮ⺞⻠Ṷ߇⚳ੌߒߚᓟߦ‫ޔ‬ભᙑࠍ᜽ߺ߹ߒߡ‫⇼⾰ޔ‬ᔕ╵ߩᤨ㑆ࠍ⸳ߌߡߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⊝᭽ᣇߩߏ⾰໧ࠍฃߌߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߙ߁ߤޔ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨೋߦၮ⺞⻠Ṷࠍ㗂߈߹ߔߩߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴㐳ߩᧁ᧛ ቃߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ṷ㗴ߪ‫ޟ‬࿾ᣇߢߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚଦㅴߩߚ߼ߩᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߩᦨㄭߩᣇ㊎‫ᧁޔߪߢޕߔ߹޿ߑߏߢޠ‬᧛ᯏ᭴㐳‫ޔ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ ቃ ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴㐳߅ߪࠃ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒දജදቯߪ੹ᐕߢ㧡ᐕ⋡ߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓟ߶ߤ߹ߚ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ߇‫⃻ޔ‬࿷‫╙ޔ‬㧟࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫᧲ޕ‬੩ߢߩߎߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߦᄢ
ᄌᄙߊߩ⊝᭽ᣇߦߏෳട㗂߈߹ߒߚ੐ࠍᄢᄌశᩕߦሽߕࠆᰴ╙ߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᣣߪหᤨㅢ⸶߽౉ߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔߩߢ‫ᧄޔ‬ᒰߪᣣᧄ⺆ߢ߿ࠅߚ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫⧷ޔ‬࿖߆ࠄߚߊߐࠎߩ߅ቴ
᭽߇߅⷗߃ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ‫⧷ޕߔ߹߈ߛߚ޿ߡߖߐࠍ⹤߅ߢ⺆⧷ޔ‬࿖߆ࠄ᧪ࠄ
ࠇߚᣇ‫ߪޘ‬ᄙዋਇଢࠍᗵߓࠄࠇࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ߇‫ߏޔ‬ൊᑯࠍ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߕೋ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ㆙ߊ߆ࠄ᧲੩߹ߢ߅⿧ߒߊߛߐߞߚ⧷࿖ߩ⊝᭽ߦ᱑ㄫߩᗧࠍ⴫ߒߚ޿
ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧝㧞ᤨ㑆ㄭߊ߆߆ߞߚߩߢߪߥ޿ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬೨࿁‫ޔߪᤨߚߒ⧷⸰߇⑳ޔ‬ะ߆޿㘑ߩߚ߼ߦ㧝㧟ᤨ㑆߽߆߆ࠅ߹ߒߚߩߢ‫ߩ߳᧲ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᣏ߇ߤࠎߥߦᄢᄌߢ޽ߞ
ߚ߆߅ኤߒ⥌ߒ߹ߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᣣ߹ߢߦ‫ᤨޔ‬Ꮕ߇⸃ᶖߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ㗿ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ‫੹ޔ‬࿁ߢ╙㧟࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬౨㗡↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ߪࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬㧡ᐕ೨ߦ⊒⿷ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ೋ࿁ߩ࠹࡯ࡑߪ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߦ߅ߌ
ࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ▤ℂㆇ༡ߦߟ޿ߡߢ޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧞࿁⋡ߩ࠹࡯ࡑߪ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߦߟ
޿ߡߢ‫⸰ࠍࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠺ࡦࠔࡈ࡮ࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬໧ߔࠆᯏળߦ
ᕺ߹ࠇ߹ߒߚ‫╙ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧟࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ߩ࠹࡯ࡑߪ‫ߏޔ‬ᛚ⍮ߩߣ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ࿾ၞ
⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝‫ޤ‬ߐߡ‫ߩߎޔ‬႐ࠍ߅୫ࠅߒߡ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߩ /KPKUVT[QH'FWECVKQP‫ޔ‬හߜᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߩᦨㄭߩ᡽╷ߦߟ޿ߡ◲නߦ⚫੺ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ታߪ‫ޔ‬/KPKUVT[QH'FWECVKQP ߣ޿߁ߩߪᱜ
ᑼߥฬ⒓ߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᱜᑼฬ⒓ߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㐳ߊ‫ޔ‬/':6㧔⸶ᵈ㧦/KPKUVT[QH'FWECVKQP

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ߢ‫ޔ‬/KPKUVT[QH'FWECVKQP ߣ޿߁⧷⺆⴫⸥ࠍ૶↪ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞‫ޤ‬ߎߩ╙㧟࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩਥⷐ⺖㗴ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆ೨ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆᄢቇᡷ㕟ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߩᚑᨐߦߟ޿ߡ‫◲ޔ‬නߦ⺑᣿ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫․ޔߕ߹ޕ‬೎ߥᐕߢ޽ࠆ  ᐕߦߟ޿ߡขࠅ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᐕߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇክ⼏ળ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߪਛᄩᢎ⢒ክ⼏ળߦ⛔วߐࠇ߹ߒߚ
߇‫ߩߎޔ‬ክ⼏ળ߇㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߥႎ๔ᦠࠍ⊒⴫ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ႎ๔ᦠߪ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߩߔߴߡߩ
ᄢቇ߇ᡷ㕟ࠍታⴕߔࠆ਄ߢᄙᄢߥᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߢ߹ࠇߎޕ‬ᣣᧄߩᄢቇߩข⚵ߺߦኻߒߡߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ⷗ᣇ߇޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ߇‫ޔߪ⑳ޔ‬ታᣉߒߡ߈ߚᡷ㕟ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩ㧠ߟߩὐ߇㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣᕁߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧟ᐕ೨ߦ‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬࿖┙ᄢቇߣ৻ㇱߩ౏┙ᄢቇ߇ᴺੱൻߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫߇ࠊޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߩⅣႺߦᄢ߈ߥᄌൻࠍ߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ቇᩞᴺੱ೙ᐲ߇ᡷᱜߐࠇ߹
ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ቇᩞᴺੱ೙ᐲߪࠊ߇࿖࿕᦭ߩવ⛔⊛ߥ೙ᐲߢߒߚ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬೙ᐲߩᡷᱜߦࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆᄢቇ⸳┙ߩ㓙ߩ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲߩᨵエᕈ߇ዉ౉ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬ᄢ⢙ߥᄌ㕟ߪ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩὐߢߔ‫ޕ‬᡽ᐭߪ‫ޔ‬ᩣᑼળ␠߿ડᬺ‫ޔ‬ᴺੱ߇ᄢቇࠍ⸳┙ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⹺߼ࠆ․೎ភ⟎ࠍዉ౉ߒ߹ߒߚ‫߇ࠊޔࠅࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐‫⑳ߌࠊࠅߣޔ‬ቇߦᄢ߈ߥⴣ᠄߇⿛ࠅ߹ߒ
ߚ‫ߩ⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㑆㆑޿߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ߇‫․ߩߎޔ‬೎ភ⟎ߦၮߠ޿ߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߚᄢቇ߇޽
߹ࠅ߁߹ߊ޿ߞߡ޿ߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦ୘ੱ⊛ߦߪᗵߓߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝߩߐ߹ߑ
߹ߥ࠮ࠢ࠲࡯߆ࠄᛕ್ࠍฃߌ⛯ߌߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡߪ૗߆ᚻࠍᛂߟᔅⷐ߇
޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧟⇟⋡ߩ㊀ⷐߥᄌ㕟ߣߒߡ‫╙ޔ‬ਃ⠪⹏ଔ೙ᐲߩዉ౉߇᜼ߍࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⸒߁߹ߢ߽ߥߊ‫ޔ❱⚵ߩ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴ߪࠊ߇࿖ߩ⹏ଔᯏ㑐ߩ߭ߣߟߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ᒰᯏ᭴ߛߌ߇࿖┙ᄢቇߩᢎ⢒෸߮⎇ⓥߦኻߔࠆ⹏ଔࠍⴕ޿߹ߔ‫⹏ߩߎޕ‬ଔߪ᧪ᐕᐲ
߆ࠄታᣉߐࠇ߹ߔߩߢ‫᧪ޔ‬ᐕᐲ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢᄌᔔߒߊߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧠⇟⋡ߩᡷ㕟ߪ‫ޔ‬ኾ㐷⡯ᄢቇ㒮ߩ⸳┙ߢߔ‫ޕ‬એ೨߆ࠄࠊ߇࿖ߦߪ‫ߩ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࠬࡀࠫࡆߦ․ޔ‬ಽ㊁ߢ޿ߊߟ߆ߩኾ㐷⡯ᄢቇ㒮߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥᡷ㕟ߩ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝߦ⚂㧣㧜ߩᴺ⑼ᄢቇ㒮߇⺀↢ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᄢቇ㒮㑆ߩ┹੎ߪỗߒߊ‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐߪ߹ߛ⷗߃ߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟‫ޤ‬㧟‫ޔ‬㧠ᐕ೨ߩߎߣߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ਛᄩᢎ⢒ክ⼏ળߪ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߩᄢቇᡷ㕟ߦ㑐ߔࠆᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥ╵↳ࠍ⊒⴫ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߏޕ޿ߐߛߊⷩߏࠍ࠲࡯࠺⸘⛔ߩߎޕ‬ሽ⍮ߩᣇ߽߅ࠄࠇࠆߢߒ
ࠂ߁߇‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫⧯ޔ‬ᐕੱญ‫޿⧯ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬਎ઍ߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬᳓ᐔߩ࡜ࠗࡦ߇
ࠊ߇࿖ߩ㧝㧤ᱦੱญࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦะߌߡ⌕ታߦᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߇߅ࠊ߆ࠅ
ߩߎߣߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬㧝㧤ᱦੱญߪ㧝㧠㧜ਁੱࠍ߿߿਄࿁ࠆ⒟ᐲߢߔ߇‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦߪ‫ޔ‬⚂㧝㧞㧜ਁੱ߹ߢᷫዋߔࠆ⷗ㄟߺߢߔ‫⁁ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᴫ߇㜞╬ᢎ⢒࠮ࠢ࠲࡯ߦ㊀ᄢߥᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߎߣߪ⏕ታߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ޿ߐߛߊⷩߏࠍࡦࠗ࡜ߩ⿒ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᔒ㗿⠪ᢙࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ోޔߪࡦࠗ࡜ߩ⚬ޕ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩቯຬᢙߢߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ᐕ߶ߤ೨ߦⴕࠊࠇߚ੍᷹ߢߔ߇‫੍ߩߎޔ‬᷹ߦࠃࠇ߫‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᔒ㗿⠪ᢙ߇ቯຬᢙߣหᢙ

ߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫↰᧛߇⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ክ⼏ቭߦ዆ߨߚߣߎࠈ‫੍ߩߎޔ‬᷹ߪᱜߒߊߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᔒ㗿⠪ᢙߪჇടߒߚߘ߁ߢߔ‫ߩߣࡦࠗ࡜ߩ⚬ߣࡦࠗ࡜ߩ⿒ޔࠄ߆ߔߢޕ‬㑆ߦߪ‫ߥ߆ߕࠊߛ߹ޔ‬Ꮕ߇޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᢙᐕએౝߦߎߩ㐿߈ߪߥߊߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩᔒ㗿⠪ᢙߪቯຬᢙߣหߓߦߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޔ߇⽎⃻ߩߎޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ಽ㊁ߦᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߎߣߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧠㧘㧡‫ޤ‬ߎߩ੍᷹ߦᵈ⋡ߒߚਛᄩᢎ⢒ክ⼏ળ㧔ਛᢎክ㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥ╵↳ࠍ౏⴫ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ࠊޕ‬߇࿖ߩᱧผ਄ೋ߼ߡ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇ߇⇣ߥࠆᓎഀࠍᜂ߁ߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ᣿⏕ߦᜰ៰ߒ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬ߎߩ╵↳ߢ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߐࠇߚߩߢߔ‫ߡ޿߅ߦ↳╵ߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ਛᢎክߪᄢ⢙ߦ߽‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩᓎഀߣߒߡᰴߩ㧣ߟߩࠞ࠹ࠧ࡝࡯ࠍቯ߼߹ߒߚ‫╙ޕ‬㧝ߩᓎഀߪ‫ޔ‬਎⇇⊛ߥ⎇ⓥ࡮ᢎ⢒ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ‫╙ޔ‬㧞ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞ᐲߥኾ㐷⡯ᬺੱࠍ㙃ᚑߒ‫␠ޔ‬ળ⽸₂߿␠ળ߳ߩࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆߎ
ߣߢߔ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᣣ⧷ߩදജදቯߩᨒ⚵ߩਛߢ㊀ⷞߒㅊ᳞ߒߡ޿ࠆᓎഀߢߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ߎߩ╵↳ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇߪ‫ߩߤޔ‬ᓎഀߢ߽⥄↱ߦㆬᛯߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⸒ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ዊⷙᮨߥᄢቇߪ߭ߣߟߩᓎഀࠍㅊ᳞ߒ‫᧲ޔ‬੩ᄢቇ߿੩ㇺᄢቇߥߤᄢⷙᮨߥᄢቇߪ‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙߩᓎഀࠍᜂ߁ߎߣߦߥࠆߪߕߢߔ‫ޕ‬ਛᢎክߪ‫ߪࠇߘޔ‬ᄢቇ߇᳿߼ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆߣㅀߴߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ਛᢎክߪ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߩᓎഀߦߟ޿ߡ߽⸒෸ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ᡽ᐭߩᓎഀߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߩ⸘↹╷ቯߣ⋙〈ߢߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬㧞ߟ߇᡽ᐭߩਥⷐߥછോߢߒߚ߇‫ޔߪ↳╵ߩߎޔ‬᡽ᐭ߇ߎ߁ߒߚછോ߆ࠄ㔌ࠇࠆߴ߈ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ઍࠊࠅߦ᡽ᐭߪ዁᧪௝ࠍ␜ߒ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߩᣇ㊎ࠍ⏕┙ߔߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆߣㅀߴߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߦࠆߔⷐޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߪᄢ᏷ߥォ឵ߩᤨᦼࠍㄫ߃ߡ
޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧢‫ޤ‬ߐߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂ߣ޿߁ਥⷐ⺖㗴ߦᚯࠅߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬೨ߦ‫ߩߎޔ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡ◲නߦ⸅ࠇߡ߅߆ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫߇ࠊޕ‬࿖ߩߔߴߡߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚ᡽╷ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߢᒝ޿ᮭ㒢ࠍᜬߟክ⼏ળߢ޽ࠆ✚ว⑼ቇᛛⴚળ⼏‫ߡߒ⇛ޔ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼߇╷ቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߪ  ᐕߦߎߎߦ⸥タߒߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޟ‬⍮⼂ߣᛛⴚߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩߐࠄߥࠆ⊒ዷߩ⾆㊀ߥ⾗Ḯߢ޽ࠆ‫⎇ޕ‬ⓥ㐿⊒ࠍၮ⋚ߣߒߚ⑼ቇᛛⴚ᡽╷ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ⍮⼂ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߩᵴᕈൻߩ㊀ⷐߥ㎛ߢ޽ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޠ‬ၮᧄ⊛᭎ᔨߦၮߠ޿ߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫߇ࠊޔ߇ࠇߎޕ‬࿖
ߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚ᡽╷ߩ⢛᥊ߦ޽ࠆၮᧄ⊛᭎ᔨߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧣‫ޤ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߩᓎഀߪߎߎߦ␜ߒߡ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߪ㕖Ᏹߦᒝ޿ᓇ㗀ജࠍᜬߟ⚵❱ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ౝ㑑ᐭߪ㧞ߟߩᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥክ⼏ળࠍ⸳┙ߒ߹ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼߇ߘߩ߭ߣߟߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߪ‫✚ޔ‬ℂᄢ⤿‫ޔ‬㑐ଥ㑑௥‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙߩ᦭⼂⠪ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇ‫✚ޔ‬ℂᄢ⤿߿㑐ଥ㑑௥ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ
࠶ࡊߩ߽ߣ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚߩ⊒ዷߩၮᧄߣߥࠆ㊀ⷐ᡽╷ࠍ╷ቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫⋭ޔ‬ᐡ㑆ߩ၂ᩮࠍ⿥߃ߚ⚵❱ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ὐ߇㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߦ╷ቯߐࠇߚၮᧄ⸘↹ߢߪ‫ࠊޔ‬
߇࿖ߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚ㐿⊒ߦ✚㗵㧝㧣ళ౞߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߣߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫╙ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧞ᦼၮᧄ⸘↹ߢߪ㧞㧠ళ౞‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩ╙㧟ᦼၮᧄ⸘↹ߢߪ㧞㧡ళ౞߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వ߶ߤ߽↳ߒ߹ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߪ  ᐕߦ⸳┙ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫ࠇߘޔ‬એ೨ߦߎߩၮᧄ⸘↹ߪᢛ஻ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼߇⸳┙ߐࠇࠆએ೨ߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ⋭߇ߘࠇߙࠇ⑼ቇᛛⴚߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸘↹ࠍ⁛⥄ߦ૞ᚑߒߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬㊀ⶄߔࠆ᡽╷߇ᢙᄙߊሽ࿷ߒ‫ޔ‬ታᣉ਄ᭂ߼ߡ㕖ല₸ߢߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬᡽ᐭ߇‫⑼ޔ‬ቇᛛⴚ᡽╷ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸒ࠊ߫▤೙Ⴁߩ⸳┙ࠍ᳿ᢿߒߚߩߢ
ߔ‫߇ࠇߎޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧤㧘㧥‫ޤ‬ ߐߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⹤ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣࠍᵴᕈൻߐߖࠆߚ߼
ߩ╵↳ࠍⴕ޿߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޔ߽ߩ߁޿ߣޕ‬࿖ߩ⊝᭽߽ߏሽߓߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕઍᧃߦ‫⚻࡞ࡉࡃࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬ᷣ߇፣უߒ߹ߒߚ‫ࠇߘޕ‬એ᧪‫ޔ‬ᚒ߇࿖ߢߪ㐳ᐕߦࠊߚߞߡਇᴫ߇⛯߈߹ߒߚ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ฦ࿾ߩ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣ߇ૐㅅߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩᵴᕈൻ
ߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍ㊀ⷞߒ‫ޔ‬㧟ߟߩὐࠍ޽ߍ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬ᚒ߇࿖ߦ࿾ၞࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍᒻᚑߔࠆᔅ
ⷐᕈ‫╙ޔ‬㧞ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩㇺᏒㇱߦ߅ߌࠆ↥ቇቭㅪ៤ߩផㅴߩᔅⷐᕈ‫╙ޔ‬㧟ߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࠗࡁࡌ࡯
࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⏕┙ߣᵴജ޽ࠆ࿾ၞߠߊࠅߩᔅⷐᕈߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼߇ߎߩ㧟ὐࠍឭ⸒ߒ‫ߩߎޔ‬ឭ⸒ߦၮߠ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇࠍਥᓎߣߒߡߎࠇࠄߩ⸘↹ࠍታᣉߔࠆߚ߼
ߩ⵬ഥ㊄ࠍḰ஻ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߥߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬หᐕᐲߦ‫✚ޔ‬㗵ߢ㧝ంࡐࡦ࠼ㄭ
ߊ߇ᡰ಴ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫੹ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᐕᐲߪ‫ޔ‬ᤓᐕᐲࠍ߿߿਄࿁ࠆ੍▚߇↪ᗧߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧜‫ޤ‬ߎߎߢ‫ ޔ‬ᐕᐲ߹ߢߩᚑᨐߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ዋߒ߅⹤ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞߩ‫ޟ‬⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯‫ߩޠ‬ᒻᚑߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߪ㧝㧜㧜ం౞ࠍ⾌߿ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬⚿ᨐ‫ోޔ‬࿖ߩ㧝㧤ߩ࿾ၞߦ⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍᒻᚑߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯
ߣߪ૗ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߩቯ⟵ߦࠃࠇ߫‫ޔ‬⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ߣߪ࿾ၞߩᛛⴚ㕟ᣂࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩߎߣߢ޽ࠅ‫⎇⊛౏ޔߪߢߎߘޔ‬ⓥᯏ㑐߇‫ޔ‬࿾ၞౝᄖߩડᬺࠍᏎ߈ㄟࠎߢ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥ㐿⊒⢻ജ߿ߘߩઁߩ࿕᦭ߩᯏ⢻ࠍᵴ↪ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వ߶ߤ↳ߒ਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦᄢቇ߇ਥᓎߢߔߩߢ‫౏ޔ‬⊛⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ߦߪᄢቇ߽฽߹ࠇ߹ߔ‫߇ࠇߎޕ‬࿾ၞߩ⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ᒻᚑߩၮᧄ⊛ߥ᭎ᔨߣ⃻ᴫߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧝‫ޤ‬ߘߩᚑᨐߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ߥ߆⏕ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᚻߏߚ߃ࠍᓧߡ޿߹ߔ‫╙ޕ‬㧝ߦ‫↥ޔ‬ቇቭㅪ៤ߩല
₸⊛ߥࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߇⏕┙ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ ޕ‬ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ  ᐕᐲ߹ߢߩ㑆ߦ‫࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ߦߪ㕖Ᏹߦᄙߊߩ⎇ⓥ⠪߇ෳടߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᢙߪ  ฬㄭߊߢ‫  ⚂ߜ߁ߩߘޔ‬ฬ߇ડᬺ߆ࠄߩෳട⠪ߢߒߚ‫޿ߒࠄ߫ߔޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᚑᨐߢߔ‫ޕ‬ቇ⠪ߣડᬺߩ⎇ⓥ⠪߇ߒߞ߆ࠅߣᚻࠍ⚿ࠎߛߩߢߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄙߊߩ․⸵ߩ↳⺧߽ⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ ޕ‬ઙએ਄ߩ․⸵↳⺧߇ⴕࠊࠇ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄙߊ‫ޔ‬㧤㧜㧜ઙએ਄߇੐ᬺൻߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ฦ࿾ၞߦᄙᢙߩࡌࡦ
࠴ࡖ࡯ડᬺ߇⺀↢ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㧟ߟ⋡ߩᚑᨐߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞ࿕᦭ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㊀ⷐߥᚑᨐߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߪ⧷࿖ߣห᭽ߦ㕖Ᏹߦዊߐߥ࿖ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߦ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲߩ․ᕈ߇⏕┙ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߪᣣᧄߦ߽޽ߡ
ߪ߹ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞߏߣߦ⇣ߥࠆ↥ᬺ߇޽ࠅ‫↥ߩߘޔ‬ᬺߩᝄ⥝ߩߚ߼ߦ⇣ߥࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇㐿⊒ߐࠇ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᚑᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧞‫ޤ‬ߎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߪ‫ޔ‬ർߪർᶏ㆏‫ޔ‬઄บ࿾ᣇ߆ࠄධਅߒߡ਻Ꮊ࿾ᣇ߹ߢߩ㧝㧤ߩ࿾ၞࠍ␜ߒ
ߡ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽ߩਛߦߪ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊࠍ⸰໧ߐࠇߚᣇ߇߅ࠄࠇ߹ߔߨ‫ࠍࠄࠇߎޕ‬ว⸘ߔࠆߣ‫ోޔ‬ㇱߢ㧝㧤࿾ၞߦߥࠅ߹ߔ߇‫߇ࠄࠇߎޔ‬⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯߇ᒻᚑߐࠇߚ࿾ၞߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧟㧘㧝㧠‫ޤ‬╙㧞ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒㇱߦ߅ߌࠆ↥ቇቭㅪ៤ߩଦㅴߢߔ‫ޕ‬వߦㅀߴߚ⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ᒻᚑࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ‫ߣ߁޿ߣ߆ࠄߜߤޔ‬࿾ᣇߦ㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬࠻ߪ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒㇱะߌߦ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߪߔߢߦ㧠㧜ం౞ࠍ⾌߿ߒ‫ޔ‬㧟㧝ߩ࿾ၞߩᜰቯߦߎ߉ߟߌ߹ߒߚ‫⋡ߩߘޕ‬ᮡߪ߿ߪࠅ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚ㕟ᣂߦࠃࠆฦ࿾ၞ࿕᦭ߩᣂߚߥ↥ᬺߩ┙ߜ਄ߍߣߘߩᝄ⥝ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ฦ࿾ၞ࿕᦭ߣ޿߁ὐ߇ᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߩ᭴ᗐߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߿⚻ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭㧔㧹㧱㨀㧵‫ޔ‬ᣥ㧦ㅢ໡↥ᬺ⋭㧔㧹㧵㨀㧵㧕㧕ߩ࿾ᣇᡰ࡮ಽዪ෸߮⑼ቇᛛ
ⴚᝄ⥝ᯏ᭴㧔㧶㧿㨀㧕߇ታᣉߔࠆၮ␆⊛ߥ⎇ⓥߣᛛⴚ⒖ォࠍࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀࠗ࠻ߒ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚ⒖ォࡊ࡜ࠩߣ㧶㧿㨀ࠨ࠹࡜ࠗ࠻ࠍ᜚ὐߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߦࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍഃ಴ߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬㧶㧿㨀ߪએ೨‫ޔ‬೎ߩ⋭ߦዻߒߡ޿߹ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬㧣ᐕ೨ߦ⑼ቇᛛⴚᐡߣᢥㇱ⋭ߩ⛔วߦࠃࠅ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߪᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߩ஺ਅߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭߇ߎߩ᭴ᗐߦၮߠ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚ⒖ォࡊ࡜ࠩߣ㧶㧿㨀ࠨ࠹࡜ࠗ࠻ࠍᣂߚߦ⸳⟎ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩ✛ߩ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߩߎޕ‬ਣශ߇ᛛⴚ⒖ォࡊ࡜ࠩ‫ߩࠢࡦࡇޔ‬ਣශߣ㤛⦡ߦㄭ޿߿߿᣿ࠆ޿⦡ߩਣශ߇㧶㧿㨀ࠨ࠹࡜ࠗ࠻ߩ૏⟎ࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߪ࠻ࠗ࡜࠹ࠨߣࠩ࡜ࡊߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬੕޿ߦදജߒวߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧡㧘㧝㧢‫ޤ‬㧟ߟ⋡ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⏕┙ߣᵴജ޽ࠆ࿾ၞߠߊࠅ
ߢߔ‫ߦ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬᡽ᐭߪߔߢߦ㧣㧞ం౞ࠍᡰ಴ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬⢛᥊ߪ‫ޔ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߩ╙㧟ᦼၮᧄ⸘↹ߦᰴߩࠃ߁ߦ⺑᣿ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ㧙‫ޟ‬࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ⑼ቇ
ᛛⴚߩᝄ⥝ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽߿ᵴജ޽ࠆ࿾ၞߠߊࠅߦ⽸₂ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔߪߡ޿߭ޔ‬ᚒ߇࿖ో૕ߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚߩ㜞ᐲൻ࡮ᄙ᭽ൻ߿ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠪࠬ࠹
ࡓߩ┹੎ജࠍᒝൻߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬࿖ߣߒߡ߽Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦផㅴߔࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿾ၞ૑᳃ߩ
቟ో࡮቟ᔃߢ⾰ߩ㜞޿↢ᵴߩታ⃻߿‫ޔ‬ഃㅧ⊛ߢ㝯ജ޽ࠆ࿾ၞ␠ળߣᢥൻߩᒻᚑߥߤߦ߽ነ
ਈߔࠆ߽ߩߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᐢ߇ࠅߩ޽ࠆᵴേࠍᝄ⥝ߔࠆ‫ޠޕ‬㧙ታߪ‫ޟߩߎޔ‬቟ో࡮቟ᔃߢ⾰ߩ㜞޿↢ᵴ‫ޔߪޠ‬㧯㧿㨀㧼ߩ╙㧟ᦼၮᧄ⸘↹ߩࠬࡠ࡯ࠟࡦߩ߭ߣߟߣߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߩ⋡ᮡߪ‫↥ޔ‬ቇቭㅪ៤ࠍផㅴߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ↥ᬺߩഃ಴ߦࠃࠅ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩౣᵴᕈൻࠍ࿑
ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߩᄢቇߩࠝ࡝ࠫ࠽࡞ߩ⎇ⓥᚑᨐߩഃ಴ࠍផㅴߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫╙߇ࠇߎޕ‬㧟ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⋡ᮡߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧣‫ޤ‬ߎߎ߹ߢ‫ ޔ‬ᐕᐲ߹ߢߩขࠅ⚵ߺࠍ߅⹤ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ߇‫੹ޔ‬ᐕᐲ߽‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߪ‫ޔ‬⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ߦ㑐ߔࠆ╙㧝ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ㧡㧡ం౞‫╙ޔ‬㧞ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢ
޽ࠆㇺᏒㇱߩ↥ቇቭㅪ៤ߩଦㅴߦ㧠㧡ం౞ࠍḰ஻ߒ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬ᜰቯߒߚ㧟㧝࿾ၞߩᒝൻࠍ࿑

ࠅ߹ߔ‫╙ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧟ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢ޽ࠆ࿾ၞࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ᭴▽߿ᵴജ޽ࠆ࿾ၞߠߊࠅߦߪ‫ޔ‬㧥㧠ం౞ߩ੍▚ࠍ⚵ࠎߢ޿߹ߔ‫▚੍ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㗵ߪᤓᐕᐲ߆ࠄ
޽߹ࠅჇടߒߡ޿߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬ᄙዋߩჇടߪߺࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫߇▚੍ࠆࠁࠄ޽ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᷫ㗵ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠊ߇࿖ߢߪ㕖Ᏹߦ߹ࠇߥߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧤‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪᦨᓟߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߢߔ‫⥝ߪࠇߎޕ‬๧ᷓ޿ࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߢߔ‫ߪ⑳ޕ‬㧝ㅳ㑆೨߹ߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬ࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߩሽ࿷ࠍ⍮ࠅ߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᢥ⑼⋭߆ࠄߎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ࠍ౉ᚻߒߚߩߢߔ߇‫ߡߣޔ‬߽⥝๧ᷓ޿ࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߣ⸒ߞߡࠃ޿ߢߒࠂ߁‫ߩߎޕ‬ታ㓙ߩᢙ୯ߪ‫ߣߞࠂߜߪߦ⑳ޔ‬ାߓ߇ߚ޿ߣߎࠈ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫⺑ޔ‬᣿ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ࠆ޽ޔߪ࡞࠻ࠗ࠲ޕ‬࿾ᣇߦ߅ߌࠆਛⷙᮨ
࿖┙ᄢቇߩ⚻ᷣ⽸₂ߣߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ጊญ⋵ߢߔ‫ᧄޕ‬Ꮊߩ⷏ߩ┵ߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢ߈ߥ⋵ߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ጊญᄢቇߣ޿߁ᄢቇ߇ߎߩ⋵ߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ጊญᄢቇߪਛⷙᮨߩᄢቇ
ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬කቇㇱࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ᄢቇߩሽ࿷߇߽ߚࠄߔ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣ߳ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ▚಴ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Ꮐ஥ࠍߏⷩߊߛߐ޿‫ߒ↳ޕ‬਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦߎߩᄢቇߦߪකቇㇱ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔߩߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩડᬺ߆ࠄක⮎ຠ߿ߘߩઁߩᯏེࠍ⾼౉ߒ߹ߔ‫ߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ᄢቇ஥ߪ‫ޔ‬㧢㧣ం౞ࠍᡰ಴ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬໡ᬺ߽ห᭽ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߦߪ⡯ຬ߿ቇ↢߇޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߪ࿾ၞߩߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ໡ຠࠍ⾼౉ߒ߹ߔ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬㧝㧝㧡ం౞ߩ⚻ᷣലᨐ߇߽ߚࠄߐࠇߡ޿߹
ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬੤ㅢ↥ᬺߦ߽ᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ⡯ຬ߿ቇ↢ߪ࿾ၞߩ੤ㅢᯏ㑐ࠍ೑↪ߒ߹ߔߩߢ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬㧠㧠ం౞ߩ⚻ᷣലᨐߣߥߞߡ⃻ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠍࠄࠇߎޕ‬ว⸘ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ታߦ㧢㧢㧣ం౞ߣ޿߁⩨ᄢߥ㗵ߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ߒ߽ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ጊญᄢቇ߇ߎߩ࿾ၞ߆ࠄߥ
ߊߥߞߚࠄ‫⚻ߩߌߛࠇߎޔ‬ᷣലᨐ߇ᄬࠊࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ߣߞࠂߜߪߦ⑳ޕ‬ାߓ߇ߚ޿
ᢙ୯ߢߔ߇‫߇ࠇߎޔ‬੐ታߥߩߢߒࠂ߁‫⽷ޕ‬ോ⋭ߪ‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬࿖┙ᄢቇߩ੍▚ࠍ೥ᷫߒࠃ߁
ߣ ๮ߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߪߎࠇߦᛶ᛫ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߟߣ߭ޔߪ࠲࡯࠺ߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߦ߭ߣߟߩᄢቇ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ㊀ⷐᕈࠍ␜ߔ㕖Ᏹߦ᦭ജߥ⸽᜚ߢ޽ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ߣߚޕ‬߃ਛዊⷙᮨߢ޽ߞߡ߽‫ߩߟߣ߭ޔ‬ᄢቇߩሽ࿷߇ߤࠇ߶ߤ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠍ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ℂ⸃ߒ
ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇߢ‫ߏޕߔߢࠅࠊ⚳ߪ⴫⊒ߩ⑳ޔ‬ᷡ⡬޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ؕᛦᜒ๫ ᾁ ίᒍ‫׎‬ὸẐ᭗ሁ૙ᏋểỶὅἂἻὅἛ‫૾ע‬ẑἙỶ὆ỵἕἛὉỶὊἋἚỸἕἛ ίỶὅἂἻὅἛ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎ỽỸὅἉἽྸʙᧈὸ

ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾมળ㧔ട⮮㧕
ᰴߦၮ⺞⻠Ṷࠍ㗂߈߹ߔߩߪ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩℂ੐㐳ߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔ࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼᭽ߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬Ṷ㗴ߪ‫ޟ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߣࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼࿾ᣇ‫ޠ‬ߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޕ‬᭽ߪ  ᐕߦࠝ࠶ࠢࠬࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇ࠮ࡦ࠻࡮ࡇ࡯࠲࡯࠭࡮
ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࠍߏතᬺߥߐࠇ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖₺┙ᱧผቇදળࠍᆎ߼‫ޔ‬ᄙᢙߩᯏ㑐ߦ߅޿ߡⷐ⡯ࠍോ߼ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ ޕ‬ᐕࠃࠅࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻ࠕࡦࠣ࡝ࠕᄢቇߩቇ㐳ࠍ㧠ᐕ㑆ോ߼ࠄࠇߚᓟ‫ ޔ‬ᐕ㧥᦬ߦ⃻⡯ߢ޽ࠆࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩℂ੐㐳ߦߏዞછߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬⧷࿖㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⊒ዷߦነਈߐࠇߚഞ❣߇⒓ߐࠇ߹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬಴りᩞߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔࠝ࠶ࠢࠬࡈࠜ࡯
࠼ᄢቇ࠮ࡦ࠻࡮ࡇ࡯࠲࡯࠭࡮ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࠍᆎ߼‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙߩᄢቇࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬ฬ⹷ࡈࠚࡠ࡯ߦછ๮ߐࠇ
ࠆߣ౒ߦ‫ޔ‬ฬ⹷ඳ჻ภࠍ᝼ਈߐࠇߡ޿ࠄߞߒ߾޿߹ߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬᭽‫ߤޔ‬߁ߙቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࠺ࠗࡧ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ℂ੐㐳޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽‫੹ޔ‬ᣣߪߎߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߦࠃ߁ߎߘ߅޿ߢߊߛߐ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᦨೋߦ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩ⊝ߐ߹ߩኡᄢߥࡎࠬࡇ࠲࡝࠹ࠖߣߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩᗂߒߺߥ޿
ߏදജߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫⧷ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿖ߩઍ⴫࿅ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߩṛ࿷߆ࠄᄙߊࠍ
ቇࠎߢ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝‫ޤ‬੹߆ࠄ㧟㧜ಽ㑆ߢ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߕ߹ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⃻⁁ߣᗧ⟵‫ߌ߅ߦ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬᭎ⷐࠍ⺑᣿ߒ‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞㧔㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱㧕ߩᓎഀߦߟ޿ߡ◲නߦ⚫੺ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᣣᧄߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣߪ
߆ߥࠅ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ߢߔ‫ࠄ߆ࠇߘޕ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ࠍขࠅ਄ߍ‫ ޔ‬ᐕએ㒠ߩࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩ࿾ၞ᡽╷ߦߟ޿ߡᚻ⍴ߦࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߒ߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ
࡞߇ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ၞߩఝవ⺖㗴ߦኻᔕߒߡ߈ߚᣇᴺࠍ‫ߩ߆ߟߊ޿ޔ‬੐଀ࠍ߽ߣ
ߦ⚫੺ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧘㧟‫ޤ‬ㆊ෰㧝㧡ᐕ㑆ࠍᝄࠅ㄰ࠆߣ‫ࠆߌ߅ߦ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߩᄌ⽩߱ࠅߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߢ
ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩ㊀ⷐߥ⊒ዷ߇ߺࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪߢ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߩߎޕ‬㊀ⷐߥ⊒ዷߩ৻ㇱ߇೉⸥ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫⾗ߢߎߎޕ‬㊄⺞㆐ߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߔࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡ㊀ⷐߥߩߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦࡠࡦ࡮࠺ࠕ࡝ࡦࠣ෌߇߹ߣ߼ߚႎ๔ߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ႎ๔ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⾗㊄⺞㆐ߦ㑐ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ
ߔ߇‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߩᒻᘒߦߟ޿ߡ߽ขࠅ਄ߍߡ޿߹ߔ‫࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺࡮࡯ࠨޔߡߒߘޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦᢎ᝼ߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᆔຬળߩ᦭ജࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߢߒߚ‫ ޕ‬ᐕએ㒠ߩࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߢ⿠ߎߞߚߎߣߩᄙߊߪ‫ࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࠺ߩߎޔ‬ႎ๔ߦኻߔࠆኻᔕ߿ឭ⸒ߩታⴕߦ޽ߚࠆ߽ߩ
ߢߒߚ‫ ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᐕߦഭ௛ౄ᡽ᐭ߇ᣂߚߦ⊕ᦠࠍ⊒⴫ߒ‫ࠆߌ߅ߦ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⾗㊄⺞㆐ߦ㑐ߔࠆᣂߚߥᅷද᩺ߣ‫ࡊ࠶ࠕࡊ࠶࠻ޟߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ᢱ‫ߡߒߣޠ‬⍮ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚ᝼ᬺᢱ೙ᐲߩዉ౉ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߒߚ‫ࡊ࠶ࠕࡊ࠶࠻ޕ‬ᢱߣߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ࠗࡦ
ࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞㧔㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱㧕߆ࠄฃߌขࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ౏⊛⾗㊄એᄖߩ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢߇ᡰᛄ߁  ࡐࡦ࠼ࠍ਄㒢ߣߔࠆ᝼ᬺᢱߢߔ‫ࡊ࠶ࠕࡊ࠶࠻ߩߎޕ‬ᢱߣ  ᐕߩ㜞╬
ᢎ⢒ᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⼏⺰ߪ‫ޔ‬ỗߒ޿߽ߩߣߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰᤨ‫ޔ‬ਅ㒮ߢㆊඨᢙߩ㧝㧣㧜⼏Ꮸࠍභ߼ߡ޿ߚਈౄߪ‫ߣ޽ޔ‬㧡␿ߢᢌࠇࠆߣߎࠈߢߒߚ‫ࠕ࡟ࡉޔߪࠇߎޕ‬᡽ᮭࠍᩮᐩ߆ࠄំࠆ߇
ߒߚ⺰⼏ߢߒߚ‫ߦߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧞ߟߩ㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߥὐࠍᢎ߃ߡߊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬ᄢⴐൻߐࠇߚ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇ỗߒ޿᡽ᴦ⊛ߥ⼏⺰ߩ⊛ߦߥࠅᓧࠆߣ޿
߁ὐߢߔ‫ޔߪߟߣ߭߁߽ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⃻࿷ߩ⾗㊄⺞㆐ᣇᴺߩㆬᛯ⢇⥄૕߇‫ޔ‬᡽ᴦ⊛‫␠ޔ‬ળ⊛ߦ㕖Ᏹߦ⇣⺰߇ᄙ޿‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߢߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ⃻࿷‫ ޔ‬ᐕߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᴺߦ߽ߣߠ޿ߡᵴേߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿᝼ᬺᢱ೙ᐲߪ  ᐕߦዉ౉ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬೙ᐲߪ߁߹ߊⒿ௛ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒ߞߡࠃ޿ߢߒࠂ߁‫੹ޕ‬ᐕᐲߪ‫⧷ߊߥ߽߹ޔ‬࿖㚂⋧ߣߥࠆࠧ࡯࠼ࡦ࡮ࡉ࡜࠙ࡦ⽷ോᄢ⤿߇ᜰ␜ߒߚ㊀ⷐߥႎ๔߇ᣂ
ߚߦ⊒⴫ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޔߢߩ߽߁޿ߣޠ࠻࡯ࡐ࡟࡮࠴࡯࡝ޟߪࠇߘޕ‬࿖⚻ᷣߩࠬࠠ࡞ߣࠬ
ࠠ࡞ߩ㔛ⷐߦᵈ⋡ߒߚ߽ߩߢߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ႎ๔ߩ⚿⺰ߪ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖߇਎⇇ߣ┹੎ߒ⛯ߌࠆߚ߼ߦ
ߪ‫ޔ‬⍮⼂⚻ᷣ߿࿖᳃ߩࠬࠠ࡞ߦߐࠄߦᛩ⾗ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕߚߒߢߩ߽߁޿ߣޔ‬ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩᄢㇱಽߩੱ‫ౕޔޘ‬૕⊛ߦߪ  ᐕߩഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩੱ‫ߩޘ‬㧣㧜㧑߇‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍ⚳ੌߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߛࠈ߁‫߽ߣޔ‬ㅀߴߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߣߎߩߎޕ‬࿖ኅߦ߽࿾ၞߦ߽ᣂߚߥ
⺖㗴ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬ᄢቇ߿㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇‫ߦߢߔޔ‬ഭ௛⠪ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆੱ‫ޘ‬ߩࠬࠠ࡞ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦะ਄ߐߖࠆ߆‫ߩߎޕߔߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᓟ߶ߤዋߒ
⸅ࠇࠆߟ߽ࠅߢߔ‫ߩߡߴߔߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬໧㗴‫⾗ߦ․ޔ‬㊄⺞㆐ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦౣᐲ⷗⋥ߒ߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆ੍ቯߢߔ‫ ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᐕߦ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⾗㊄⺞㆐ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߇ߐࠄߦᄌൻ
ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧠‫ޤ‬ߎߩࠣ࡜ࡈߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ࿖᳃ߩᢙࠍ⴫ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⊝᭽ߩ⚻㛎ࠍߘߩ߹߹ᤋߒ಴ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߦߪ‫ޔ‬㧝㧤㨪㧝㧥ᱦੱญߩࠊߕ߆㧢㧑߇ᄢቇߦㅴቇߒ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߪࠛ࡝࡯࠻ߩߚ߼ߩ೙ᐲߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬వࠍߏⷩߦߥࠆߣ‫▚⸘ޔ‬ၮḰ߇ዋߒᄌᦝߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌߡ޿ࠆ㧝㧤㨪㧟㧜ᱦੱญߩᲧ₸߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠃߩࠅ߆ࠊ߅ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬߁ߦ‫ ޔ‬ᐕᐲ߹ߢߦ‫ޔ‬㧠㧟㧑߇㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌߡ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇ࠛ࡝࡯࠻೙ᐲߣߺߥߐࠇࠆߩ߇৻⥸⊛ߢ޽ߞߚ਎ઍ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᄢⴐൻߩ਎ઍ
ߦ⒖ⴕߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߪࠬ࠮ࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬ᄢㇱಽ߇࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠅ‫⊝ޔ‬᭽߇⃻࿷⚻㛎ߒߡ߅ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ

ࠍ⑳ߚߜ߽⚻㛎ߒߚߩߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩ౏⊛⾗㊄េഥߩᷫዋߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧡‫ޤ‬ߎࠇߪᄢᄌࠊ߆ࠅߦߊ޿ࠣ࡜ࡈߢߔ߇‫ࠆ߈ߢޔ‬㒢ࠅࠪࡦࡊ࡞ߦߏ⺑᣿ߒ߹ߔ‫ߤ߶߈ߐޕ‬ ᐕߩ࠺ࠕ࡝ࡦࠣႎ๔ߦߟ޿ߡ⸅ࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫࠻ࡦࠗࡐ࡮ࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࠺ޔ߇ߎߎߩࡈ࡜ࠣޔ‬ߢߔ‫ࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࠺ޕ‬ႎ๔એ೨ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢ߩߚ߼ߩ⾗㊄េഥ✚㗵߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߇߅ࠊ߆ࠅ
ߦߥࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔ߇ࠇߎޕ‬ᄢቇ஥߇ቇ↢߭ߣࠅߦߟ߈ฃߌขࠆ⵬ഥ㊄ߢ‫߷߶ޔ‬ඨ㗵ߦ߹ߢ⪭ߜㄟߺ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬หᤨᦼߦ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌࠆቇ↢ᢙߪჇടߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥߇ᄢᄌߥ
⧰Ⴚߦ㒱ߞߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫ࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࠺ޕ‬ႎ๔ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ߎߩ⒖ⴕࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ߡ‫ޔ‬ࠃࠅല₸⊛‫ޔ‬ലᨐ⊛ߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᨵエᕈ߇ะ਄ߒߚ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ᘟᕈ⊛ߥ⾗㊄ਇ⿷ߩ⁁ᘒߦ㒱ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߪࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࠺ޕߚߒ߹ߌߠ⺰⚿ߣޔ‬ᄙߊߩឭ⸒ࠍⴕ޿‫⃻ߪࠄࠇߘޔ‬࿷‫┙ޔ‬ᴺൻߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓐߪࠦࠕ࡮ࡈࠔࡦ࠼ߩჇടࠍឭ᩺ߒ‫ޔ‬ታ⃻ߦ⥋ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⇟৻ߩߎ߇ࠇߘޕ‬ਅߩ࡜ࠗࡦߢߔ‫ࡊ࠶ࠕࡊ࠶࠻ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᢱߩዉ౉߽ឭ⸒ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕߔߢࡦࠗ࡜ߩߎߪࠇߘޕ‬⾗ᧄ⵬ഥࠍᄢቇߦᡰᛄ߁ߎߣࠍឭ⸒ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߡߴߔࠍࠄࠇߎޕ‬ว⸘ߔࠆߣ‫ߩߎޔ‬㕍޿࡜ࠗࡦߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕએ㒠‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ᄢቇߪߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⚻㛎ࠍߒߡ߈ߚߩߢߔ‫ߏޕ‬ⷩߩࠃ߁ߦ‫⾗ޔ‬㊄ߩᷫዋߪᜬߜ⋥ߒߡ਄᣹ᦛ✢ࠍឬ߈‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ቇ↢ߩߚ߼ߦᓧࠆ⾗㊄ߣᄢቇߩቇ↢ᢙߣߩ㑆ߩᏅߪ߿߿❗ዊߒߟߟ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ቭ᳃෺ᣇߦࠃࠆ⾗㊄᜚಴ߩ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫⾗ޔ‬㊄⁁ᴫ߇࿎┆ߒߡ޿ߚᤨᦼ߆ࠄ࿁ᓳߩᤨᦼ߳ߣ⒖ⴕߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬߅ࠊ߆ࠅߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ታ⾰⊛ߦߪ߹ߛ  ᐕઍᒰೋߩࠃ߁ߥ૛⵨ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧢‫ޤ‬⧷࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ㔛ⷐ߇ᕆỗߦિ߮ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߩࠊߕ߆ߥ⪭ߜㄟߺߪᣂߒ޿
᝼ᬺᢱ૕೙ዉ౉ߩᓇ㗀ߢߔ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ήⷞߐࠇߡ⚿᭴ߢߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᔒ㗿⠪߇⌕ታߦჇടߒ
ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫⧷ޔߪߡߒߣߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ㔛ⷐࠍቢోߦḩߚߔ᳓Ḱߦߪ‫ߛ߹ޔ‬೔㆐ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫⚂ޕ‬㧡㧜㧑‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⃻࿷ߩㅴቇ₸ߦࠊ߇࿖߇㆐ߒߚᤨ‫ߩߎޔߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬᳓Ḱߦ೔㆐ߒߚߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧣‫ޤ‬ㆊ෰㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚࠅ‫ࠕ࡟ࡉޔ‬᡽ᮭߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷‫⑼ޔ‬ቇㇱ㐷߳ߩᛩ⾗ߦⓍᭂ⊛ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿑⴫ߪ‫ౕࠍࠇߘޔ‬૕⊛ߦ⴫ߒߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ
⎇ⓥ⾗㊄ߦߪ㧟ߟߩ᭴ᚑⷐ⚛߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ࠆ޽ߢ❱⚵ߩ⑳ޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߆ࠄߩ⾗㊄‫߇ࠇߎޔ‬৻⇟ਅߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫⎇ޕ‬ⓥክ⼏ળ߆ࠄߩ⎇ⓥ⾗㊄߇⌀ࠎਛ‫ࠖ࠹࡝ࡖ࠴ޔߡߒߘޔ‬࿅૕߿ડᬺ߆ࠄߩ᳃㑆⾗㊄߿ነઃ㊄ߢߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩⷩߏޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷ߦኻߔࠆ಴⾗ߪ⌕ታߦჇടߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫⊝߇⑳ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬᭽ߦߏℂ⸃޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߩߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕઍᓟඨ߹ߢߪᄢᄌಾㄼߒߚ⁁ᴫߢ޽ߞߚ߽ߩߩ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ߪ᡽ᐭ߆ࠄᄙ
ᄢߥᛩ⾗ࠍฃߌߡ߈ߚߣ޿߁⃻⁁ߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩߎ߁ߒߚᛩ⾗ߩ⷗㄰ࠅߣߒ
ߡ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇߽ߚࠄߔᚑᨐߦ㜞޿ᦼᓙࠍነߖࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧤‫ޤ‬ߎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߪ‫ߩ⁁⃻ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬᭎ⷐࠍ⴫ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦኻߔࠆቭ᳃ߩ⾗㊄េഥߪࡃ࡜ࡦࠬ߇ߣࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕᐲ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬᝼ᬺᢱߩ⸳ቯ⥄↱ൻ߇ᆎ߹ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⽷᡽㕙ߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈࠍ⏕┙ߔࠆߎߣߦജࠍ౉ࠇߡ޿
߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ‫ޔ‬௛ߊੱ‫߇ޘ‬りߦઃߌߡ޿ࠆࠬࠠ࡞ߩᢙ߿᳓Ḱࠍᒁ߈਄ߍࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨ߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᵴേߣ๭߱ᵴേߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᏷ߥᐢ߇ࠅࠍ⷗ߖ߹ߒߚ‫ߎޕ‬ߩὐߦߟ޿ߡߪᓟߢขࠅ਄ߍ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ၮᧄ⊛ߦߪડᬺߣࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩ⋧੕૞↪ߩߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧥‫ޤ‬ᰴߩ㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ߦ⋡ࠍะߌࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ㄭ޿዁᧪ߦᣂߚߥ⺖㗴߇ᓙߜฃߌߡ߅ࠅ‫⊝ޔߪࠇߘޔ‬᭽ߦ߽ᄢᄌߥߓߺᷓ޿⺖㗴ߢߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩੱญ᭴ᚑߪᄌൻߒߟߟ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ㆊ෰㧞㧜ᐕ㑆‫ࠗޔ‬ࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩ㧝㧤㨪㧝㧥ᱦߩੱญߪჇടߒ⛯ߌ߹ߒߚ‫ ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᐕᐲߦߪߎߩേะߪ
⴮ㅌߔࠆ⷗ㄟߺߢ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟߩ⁁ᴫߪ⊝᭽߇ߏሽߓߩߣ߅ࠅߢߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧝㧤ᱦੱญߩࠣ࡜
ࡈߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢ᏷ߥᷫዋ߇߅ࠊ߆ࠅߢߒࠂ߁‫ޔߪࡦࠗ࡜ߩ⿒ߩࡈ࡜ࠣߩߎޕ‬ታߪ␠ળ⚻ᷣ⊛ߦ਄ᵹߦ޽ࠆ㓸࿅ߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬㓸࿅ߢߩᷫዋߪᲧセ⊛ࠁࠆ߿߆ߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ␠ળ⊛᭴ᚑߦ߅޿ߡ㊀ⷐߥὐߢߔ‫੹ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᓟ㧝㧜ᐕ㑆‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߪ㧝㧤ᱦੱญߩᷫዋߦ⋥㕙ߒ߹ߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠅ‫⚻ޔߚ߹ޔ‬ᷣߦߣߞߡߩ⺖㗴ߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߔ߹ߒ↳ߣޕ‬ߩ߽‫ޔ‬㜞ᐲߥࠬࠠ࡞ࠍᜬߟᣂත⠪ߩᢙ߇ᷫዋߒᆎ߼ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ᣢሽߩഭ௛ജߩࠬࠠ
࡞ߩะ਄߇޿ߞߘ߁㊀ⷐߣߥࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߢ‫⊝ޔ‬᭽ߦో૕⊛ߥ⁁ᴫࠍ߅ࠊ߆ࠅ޿ߚߛߌߚߎߣߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧜‫ޤ‬⑳ߩᚲዻᯏ㑐‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐߥ⾗㊄੤ઃᯏ㑐ߣߒߡߩᓎഀࠍᜂߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߜߩޕ‬߶ߤ‫⾗ߩ⑳ޔ‬㊄੤ઃߩᬺോߦߟ޿ߡዋߒ߅⹤ߒ߹ߔ‫⧷ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿖ߩߔߴߡߩᄢቇߪ⁛┙⚵❱ߢ޽ࠅ‫⽷ߩઁޔ‬Ḯ߆ࠄ⾗㊄ࠍ⺞㆐ߔࠆ⥄↱߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߘࠇࠍᅑബߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߩᯏ㑐ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠣ࡜ࡦ࠻㧔৻᜝⵬ഥ㊄㧕ࠍᡰ⛎ߒ߹ߔ‫ౕޔߚ߹ޕ‬૕⊛ߦ↪ㅜࠍ㒢ቯߒߚ⾗㊄߽ឭଏߒ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ㇱ㐷ߩ⽷᡽㕙ߩஜోߐߦኻߔࠆ⽿છࠍ⽶޿‫ߩߎޔ‬ㇱ㐷ࠍ⋙〈ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭߇ᜂ߁ࠃ߁ߥᓎഀߩᄙߊࠍ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬
⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞߇㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ᡽ᐭߣߩਛ㑆ߦ૏⟎ߔࠆ⚵❱ߣߒߡᜂᒰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߎޕ‬ߩࠃ߁ߥ⚵❱ߪ‫ⴣ✭ߪߚ߹ࠖ࠺ࡏ࡮ࠬࠣࡦ࡟ࠬࡓ࡯ࠕޔ‬ᯏ㑐ߣ๭߫ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ਔ⠪ߩ㑆ߦ┙ߞߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩߚ߼ߩ⾗㊄᜚಴ࠍ᡽ᐭߦⷐ⺧ߒ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ⵬ഥ㊄ࠍ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦ㈩ಽߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ᡽ᐭߣߩਛ㑆ߩࡐ࡚ࠫࠪࡦߪ‫ߪߦᤨޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦഃㅧ⊛ߢ‫ޔ‬ᤨߦߪ㕖Ᏹߦා੺ߥ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧝㧘㧝㧞‫ޤ‬ᄢቇ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ෼౉ࠍᓧߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ࠍ◲නߦ⷗ߡߺ߹ߒࠂ߁‫ޔ߇ࠎߖ߹ࠇ⸅ߪߊߒ⹦ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ౏⊛ᯏ㑐߆ࠄߩ෼౉ߣ᳃㑆߆ࠄߩ෼౉ߦᄢ೎ߒߡߺ߹ߒߚ‫ࠗޔ߫߃⸒ߦ߆߹߅߅ޕ‬ࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ෼౉ߩ㧢㧜㧑߇౏⊛⽷Ḯ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㧠㧜㧑߇᳃㑆ߩ⽷Ḯ߆ࠄ⺞㆐ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ෼౉ߦ߅޿ߡන৻ߢᦨᄢⷙᮨߩⷐ⚛ߪ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߆ࠄߩ⾗㊄ߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧟‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ⵬ഥ㊄ߩౝ⸶ߪߤ߁ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫᧪ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᐕᐲ
ߩ⵬ഥ㊄ߢ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄢㇱಽߪࡉࡠ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠣ࡜ࡦ࠻ߣߒߡ㈩ಽߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫▚⸘ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᑼࠍ↪޿ߡ᳿ቯߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩⷩߏޕ‬㧠㧡ంࡐࡦ࠼ࠍᢎ⢒ߦ‫ޔ‬㧝㧡ంࡐࡦ࠼ࠍ⎇ⓥߦ㈩ಽߒ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ഀวߪ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߇ⴕ߁⎇ⓥ⹏ଔߦࠃߞߡ᳿ቯߐࠇ߹ߔ‫⚂ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬㧣ం  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ࠍၮ␆⊛⾗㊄ߦ‫ࠍ࠼ࡦࡐਁ ޔ‬㜞㗵ߥ⑼ቇࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ㈩ಽߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫ޔ‬㧠ం  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ࠍ․ቯ↪ㅜߩ⾗㊄ߦ㈩ಽߒ߹ߔ‫․ߩߎޕ‬ቯ↪ㅜߩ⾗㊄㈩ಽߦ
ࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩข⚵ߺ߿࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߦኻߒᡰេߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ὐࠍ⸥
ᙘߦߣߤ߼ߡ߅޿ߡߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ᤓᄛ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦၮ␆⊛⾗㊄ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⾰໧ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߏⷩߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪᄢቇߩၮ␆⊛⾗㊄ߦ‫ޔ‬㧣ం  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ߣ޿߁߆ߥࠅߩ㗵
ࠍ㈩ಽߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇ஥ߪ‫ޔ‬ၮ␆⊛⾗㊄ߦ↪޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬Ḱ஻㊄ࠍⓍߺ┙ߡࠆߚ߼ߦ୫౉ࠇࠍⴕߞߚࠅᢎ⢒⾗㊄߿⎇ⓥ⾗㊄ࠍలᒰߒߚࠅߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈߹ߔߒ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߽ᄢቇ஥ߩߎ߁ߒߚⴕേࠍᗐቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᄢቇߩၮ␆⊛⾗㊄ߩ⺞㆐ߦ㑐ᔃࠍ߅ᜬߜߩ႐ว‫ߩߘޔ‬㗵ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ਥⷐߥᢎ⢒࡮⎇ⓥ⾗㊄ࠍㆇ↪ߔࠆᣇᴺߦߟ
޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬ᵈ⋡ߒߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧠‫ޤ‬߅ߘࠄߊ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ಽᨆᣇᴺࠍ↪޿ߡ߽‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒೙ᐲߪ㜞޿ᚑᨐࠍ਄ߍߡ޿
ࠆߣ޿߁⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߪߕߢߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᛩ⾗ߪ㧻㧱㧯㧰ߩ㧳㧰㧼ᐔဋࠍਅ࿁ߞߡ޿߹
ߔ߇‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥᚑᨐߩ㕙ߢߪ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߩੱญߩ㧝㧑ߢ਎⇇ߩ⎇ⓥߩ㧡㧑ࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߩ߽ߞߣ߽
ା㗬ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ⺰ᢥߩ㧝㧞㧑‫ᦨޔ‬ᣂߩ࠺࡯࠲ߢߪ㧝㧟㧑ࠍ⊒⴫ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿖ߪ☨࿖ߦᰴ޿ߢ਎⇇ߢ㧞⇟⋡ߦᄙߊߩᄖ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩⷩߏޔ‬㧝㧞ంࡐࡦ࠼ࠍᓧߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ෼౉ߩߥ߆ߢ㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߥㇱಽߣߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠄߐޕ‬ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇߽ߚࠄߔ⚻ᷣ⊛ᓇ㗀ࠍ⧷࿖ᄢቇදળ߇▚಴ߒߚߣߎࠈ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩᄢቇ߳ߩ౏⊛ᛩ⾗ߩ✚㗵ߪ㧝㧡㧜ంࡐࡦ࠼ߢ޽ࠆߩߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬㧳㧰㧼߳ߩᓇ㗀ߪ㧠㧡㧜ంࡐࡦ࠼ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߪ‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐߥ↥ᬺㇱ㐷ߢ޽ࠅ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣᚑ㐳ߩਥⷐߥផㅴജߥߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧡㧘㧝㧢‫ޤ‬ᤨ㑆ߩㇺวߢࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼㧝㧡ߪ㘧߫ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߦㅴߺ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾࿑ߦߪ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬࿾ၞ߇⸥タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߛߌߢߔ‫੹ޕ‬࿁ߩදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߚ㧞ߟߩ࿾ၞߪ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ㇱߣർ᧲ㇱߢߔ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߡߒߣࠖ࠺࠲ࠬ࡮ࠬ࡯ࠤޕ‬ㇱߩ੐଀㧞ઙߣ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ੐଀㧝ઙߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߒ߹ߔ‫ߩઁߩߘޔࠄ߆ࠇߘޕ‬੐଀㧞ઙ߽ߏ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ‫࠭ࡓ࠹ߪࠇߎޔࠗࠚ࠙࠻࡯ࠥ࡮࠭ࡓ࠹ߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬Ꮉ߇ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦ߆ࠄർߣධߦ
ᵹࠇ಴ߔ࿾ၞߢ‫ޔ‬࿎┆ߒߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞߢߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣂߚߦ⛔วߒߚࡑࡦ࠴ࠚࠬ࠲࡯ᄢቇߦߟ
޿ߡ߽߅⹤ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧣㧘㧝㧤‫ޤ‬߹ߕ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬࿾ၞߩ᡽╷ߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߒ߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕ‫ࠕ࡟ࡉޔ‬᡽ᮭߩ⊒⿷એ᧪‫ޔ‬࿖ߩਛᨔߢ޽ࠆࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߩࡎࡢࠗ࠻ࡎ࡯࡞߆ࠄ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߣ‫ࡦ࡜࠻࠶ࠦࠬޔ‬࠼‫ޔ࠭࡞࡯ࠛ࠙ޔ‬ർࠕࠗ࡞࡜ࡦ࠼߳‫ޔ‬ᮭ㒢ࠍᆔ⼑ߔࠆ✎ኒߥ᡽╷߇╷ቯߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߒߘޕ‬ߡ‫ޔ࠭࡞࡯ࠛ࠙ޔ࠼ࡦ࡜࠻࠶ࠦࠬޔ‬ർࠕࠗ࡞࡜ࡦ࠼ߦߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷‫⼏ޔ‬ળ߇޽ࠅ‫ߚߒ┙⁛ޔ‬᡽ᐭ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߒߡ⁛┙ߒߚ⽿છࠍ⽶ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ฦ࿾ၞߦ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠㧔㧾㧰㧭㧕߇⸳┙ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧾㧰㧭ߪ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ㐿⊒ߩផㅴ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߩౣ↢‫ߩࠬࡀࠫࡆޔ‬ᝄ⥝‫ޔ‬㓹↪ଦㅴ‫ޔ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ㐿⊒߳ߩ⽸₂ࠍછߖࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ࠃߩⷩߏޕ‬߁ߦ‫⋡ߩߘޔ‬ᮡߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕ߹ߢߦ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߩ⚻ᷣᵴേߦᜬ⛯น⢻ߥะ਄ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߎߣߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧥㨪㧞㧝‫ޤ‬ᣣᧄߣห᭽ߦ‫߽ߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬࿾ၞᩰᏅߪᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ᡽╷ࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ߚߛ
ߊߦߪ‫ߩߎߕ߹ޔ‬ὐࠍ⍮ߞߡ޿ߚߛߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ੱޕ‬ญ࠺࡯࠲ࠍ⷗ࠆߣ‫߫ߩࠅߥ߆ޔ‬ࠄߟ߈߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫ੱޕ‬ญߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ߩධ᧲ㇱߣࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߦ㓸ਛߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ࠃ߁ߦ‫ੱޔ‬ญߪࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߣධ᧲ㇱߦ஍ࠆ௑ะ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒⾗㊄ߩ㈩ಽߪ
߹ߞߚߊ⇣ߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㧾㧰㧭ߩ੍▚ࠍ߭ߣࠅ޽ߚࠅߩ㗵ߢ▚಴ߒߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬೑↪น⢻ߥ⽷Ḯߩὐ߆ࠄߺࠆߣ‫߽ߣߞ߽ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⾗㊄ࠍᓧߡ޿ࠆߩߪർ᧲ㇱ‫⽺߽ߣߞ߽ޔ‬ߒ޿࿾ၞߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᷓೞߥ⚻ᷣ໧㗴߿ਇᴫࠍᛴ߃ߡ޿ࠆ࿾඙߇޽ࠆ࡛࡯ࠢࠪࡖ࡯߿ർ
⷏ㇱߥߤߩ࿾ၞ߽‫ޔ‬㜞㗵ߥ⾗㊄㈩ಽࠍᓧߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬㧾㧰㧭ࠍㅢߓߚ⽷Ḯߪ‫ޔ‬⚻ᷣ⊛ߥఝవᐲ߇㜞޿࿾ၞߦ㓸ਛߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒⾗㊄ߣ࿾ၞߩ⚻ᷣᵴേࠍᲧセߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭ߩ⵬ഥ㊄߇߽ߞߣ߽ዋߥ޿ߩߪ⚻ᷣ߇߽ߞߣ߽ᅢ⺞ߥ࿾ၞ‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬ධ᧲ㇱߣࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞ᡽╷ߢߪ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣᵴേ߇ਇᝄߢ޽ࠆ৻ㇱߩ࿾ၞࠍ࡟ࡌ࡞ࠕ࠶ࡊߒ‫߽ߣߞ߽ޔ‬ᅢ⺞ߥ࿾ၞߩ᳓Ḱߦㄭߠߌࠃ߁ߣ࿑ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧞㧘㧞㧟‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߦജࠍ౉ࠇߚ᡽ᐭߩ᡽╷ߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߦ෻ᔕߒߚߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߒ↳ߕ߹ޕ‬਄ߍߡ߅߈ߚ޿ߩߪ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆቇ↢ߩಽᏓߪ㕖Ᏹߦਇဋ৻ߢ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߪࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߦ㓸ਛߒߡ޿ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߢߔ‫ߒߘޕ‬ߡ‫ߣࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬ධ᧲ㇱ‫᧲ޔ‬ㇱࠍว⸘ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬࿖ߩධ᧲ߩ㓈ߦࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩቇ↢ᢙߩඨಽㄭߊ߇㓸߹ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ࡦ࠰࠻ࡢ࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺࡮࡯ࠨޕ‬ᢎ᝼ߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡ㕖Ᏹߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿⎇ⓥࠍߥߐߞߡ߅ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔ߇ࠇߎޕ‬໧㗴ὐߩ߭ߣߟߢߔ‫ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬㜞޿ࠬࠠ࡞ࠍ஻߃ߚቇ↢ߚߜ߇‫ޔ‬࿖ౝߢ߽ߞߣ߽⚻ᷣ߇ᅢ⺞ߥ࿾ၞߦ㓸ਛߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ
ߔ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ‫ޔ࡯ࡖࠪࠢ࡯࡛ޔ‬ർ⷏ㇱߥߤߩ࿾ၞߢఝవߔߴ߈⺖㗴ߪ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⧯޿਎ઍ߇㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦᅑബߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄࠍߘߩ࿾ၞߦߣߤ߹ࠄߖࠆ
ߎߣߢߔ‫ߩߘޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᡰេߩߚ߼ߦ޿ߊߟ߆ߩข⚵ߺࠍⴕߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧠‫ޤ‬ߏⷩߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ቇ૏࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ⾗ᩰࠍ᦭ߔࠆੱญߩഀวߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿖᳃ߩਛߢᦨ㜞᳓Ḱߩੱ‫߿ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠࠅߪ߿ޔߪޘ‬ධㇱߦ㓸߹ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫⚻߽ߣߞ߽ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᷣ߇஗ṛߒߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢߪ‫ޔ‬ഭ௛ੱญߦ߅ߌࠆቇ૏࡟ࡌ࡞ߩੱ‫߇ޘ‬භ߼ࠆഀวߪᦨዋߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ⁁ᴫࠍᡷༀߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߿㜞޿ࠬࠠ࡞ߩੱ᧚㙃ᚑߐ߃ⴕ߃߫
චಽߣ޿߁߽ߩߢߪߥ޿߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ⚻ᷣ⁁ᴫߣ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᓇ㗀ജߣߩ㑆ߦߪኒធߥ㑐ଥ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇‫ߣࠆߌߛߚ޿ࠅ߆ࠊ߅ޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧡‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ૗ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬వߦขࠅ਄ߍߚ⑳ߩᚲዻߔࠆ⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߪ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ߦ߅ߌࠆන⁛ߢᦨᄢߩᯏ㑐ߣߒߡ‫߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ߥછോࠍ⽶ߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߩߡߴߔߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߕ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇ߇࿾ర‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬࿖ኅ߅ࠃ߮਎⇇ߦኻߒߡ‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬⒟ᐲ⇣ߥࠆ᳓Ḱߩᓎഀࠍ⽶ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ⹺⼂ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߡߴߔޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ర߿࿾ၞߦኻߒߡᓇ㗀ജࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߡߴߔޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬૗ࠄ߆ߩ࿖㓙⊛ߥᓎഀ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᄢቇߦߪᄙ᭽ߥ⺖㗴߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍ
㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ⹺⼂ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߪ❱⚵ߩߜߚ⑳ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿖ߩ⵬ഥ㊄㈩ಽᯏ㑐ߢߔ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߦ㧠㧡ంࡐࡦ࠼‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥߦ㧝㧡ంࡐࡦ࠼‫ᧄ⾗ޔ‬ᛩ౉ߣߒߡ㧣ం  ਁࡐࡦ࠼߆ࠄ
ᚑࠆࠦࠕ࡮ࡈࠔࡦ࠼ߪ‫ోޔ‬࿖ߦ㈩ಽߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㈩ಽߦ޽ߚߞߡߪ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߩ࿾ၞ᡽╷߿࿾ၞߩఝవ㗅૏ߪ⠨ᘦߐࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ߒ↳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦߪ࿾ర
߿࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᓎഀ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⹺⼂ߒߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ߘࠇߙࠇߩᓎഀࠍචಽߦᨐ
ߚߔߎߣࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆߚ߼‫⾗ߩઁޔߚ߹ޔ‬㊄੤ઃ࿅૕‫ߦ․ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭ߣදജߔࠆߚ߼‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߩ⾗㊄ࠍ޿ࠊࠁࠆᚢ⇛⊛㐿⊒⾗㊄ߣߒߡ⇐଻ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ⵬ഥ㊄ߩᄢඨࠍో࿖⊛ߦ㈩ಽߒ߹ߔ߇‫ⵙ↱⥄ޔ‬㊂ߢ㈩ಽߢ߈ࠆ⾗㊄߽޽ࠅ‫ߦ․ࠍࠄࠇߎޔ‬࿾ၞߢߩข⚵ߺࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߦలᒰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧢‫ޤ‬ᦨᓟߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߢߩ⺖㗴ߦኻಣߔࠆߚ߼ߩ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߿㧾㧰㧭‫⾗ߩઁߩߘޔ‬㊄੤ઃ࿅૕ߣߩㅪ៤ߦߟ޿ߡ޿ߊߟ߆ߩ੐଀ࠍ⚫੺ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨೋߩ੐଀ߪ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ㇱߩࠨࡈࠜ࡯ࠢᎺߣ޿߁ߣߎࠈߢߔ‫ࠢ࡯ࠜࡈࠨޕ‬Ꮊߪ⃟ߒ޿Ꮊߢ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬Ꮊߩᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩㅴቇ₸߇㕖Ᏹߦૐ޿Ꮊߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ઃㄭߦߪ㧞ߟߩᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗࠆ޽ߦࠫ࠶࡝ࡁޔߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬ࠕࡦࠣ࡝ࠕᄢቇߢ‫ߩߎߡߟ߆ߪ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇߢቇ㐳ࠍോ߼߹ߒߚ‫ߩࠢ࡯ࠜࡈࠨޔߡߒߘޕ‬ධߩࠦ࡯࡞࠴ࠚࠬ࠲࡯ߦ޽ࠆࠛ࠮࠶ࠢࠬᄢቇߢߔ‫ߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧞ߟߩᄢቇ߇‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬᧲ㇱ㧾㧰㧭‫ࠢ࡯ࠜࡈࠨޔ‬Ꮊ⼏ળ‫ޔ‬Ꮊᒰዪ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ⼏ળ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߣදജߒߡ‫ޔ‬Ꮊㇺߢ޽ࠆࠗࡊࠬ࠙ࠖ࠶࠴ߦ㓸⚿ߒߚߩߢߔ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬දജߒߡ⾗㊄ࠍ߭ߣߟߦ߹ߣ߼‫࠶ࠖ࠙ࠬࡊࠗޔ‬࠴ߦᄢቇࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬࠍ‫ޔ‬Ꮊౝߩߘߩઁߩ႐ᚲߦⶄᢙߩࠨ࠹࡜ࠗ࠻ࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧣‫ޤ‬ߎࠇ߇‫ߩ࠻ࡦࡠࡈ࡯࠲࡯ࠜ࠙ߩ࠴࠶ࠖ࠙ࠬࡊࠗޔ‬㘑᥊ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ㄭઍ⊛ߢߔ߫ࠄߒ޿ᑪ‛ߢߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ข⚵ߺߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߦㅴ
ߺ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧤‫ޤ‬ߎߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ㧟ᦼߦࠊߚࠅ‫⚂ޔ‬㧞ంࡐࡦ࠼ࠍⷐߔࠆ⷗ㄟߺߢߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߆ࠄ๭߮᳓ߣߒߡ  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ࠍ᜚಴ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬㧾㧰㧭߇⚂  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ࠍ⽶ᜂߒ߹ߒߚ‫࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ะߌߦ㧾㧰㧭߇᜚಴ߒߚᦨ㜞㗵ߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦᦨᄢߩᛩ⾗ࠍߒߚߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬Ꮊ⼏ળ߇⚂ 
ਁࡐࡦ࠼‫ޔ‬Ꮢ⼏ળ߇⚂㧤㧜㧜ਁࡐࡦ࠼ࠍឭଏߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒ߁ߎޕ‬දജߒߡ‫ߎޔ‬ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ╙㧝ᦼߦ߅ࠃߘ  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᓢ‫ߦޘ‬㓸߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߎޕ‬ࠇߪ‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩᄢቇ‫ࠕ࡝ࠣࡦࠕ࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬ᄢቇߣࠛ࠮࠶ࠢࠬᄢቇߩ࡙࠾࡯ࠢߥදജ㑐ଥߣߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ߩߎޕ‬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ࠍතᬺߒߚቇ↢ߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ߟߩᄢቇߩ౒หቇ૏ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇߩㆇ༡ߪ‫ޔ‬วᑯળ␠‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬㧞ߟߩᄢቇ߇⸳┙ߒߚ᳃㑆ળ␠ࠍ੺ߒߡⴕࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫⚿ߩߎޔߦ߁ࠃߩⷩߏޕ‬ᨐ‫ࠢ࡯ࠜࡈࠨޔ‬Ꮊߩቇ↢ᢙߪ‫ޔ‬㧤ᐕ㑆ߢ㧞୚એ਄ߦߥࠆ⷗ㄟߺߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬Ყセ⊛⽺ߒ޿࿾ၞ߇ᛴ߃ࠆ໧㗴߿㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㅴቇ₸ߩૐߐߩ໧㗴ߦኻಣߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ᄢቇࠍ㐿⸳ߒߚදജ੐ᬺߩ৻଀ߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧥‫ޤ‬㧞⇟⋡ߩ੐଀ߪ‫࠭ࡓ࠹ޕߔߢࠗࠚ࠙࠻࡯ࠥ࡮࠭ࡓ࠹ߚࠇ⸅ߤ߶߈ߐޔ‬Ꮉ߇ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦ߆ࠄ
᧲ߦᵹࠇ಴ߔࠛ࡝ࠕߢ‫ߩߘޔߪࠗࠚ࠙࠻࡯ࠥ࡮࠭ࡓ࠹ޔ‬ධർߦᐢ߇ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࡠߪߎߎޕ‬ࡦ࠼ࡦߦ㕖Ᏹߦㄭ޿ߦ߽㑐ࠊࠄߕ‫ޔ‬᥊᳇߇⪺ߒߊૐㅅߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߩ㐿⊒⸘↹ߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡ߈ߚ࿾ၞߢߔ‫ ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᐕߦ⧷࿖ߢ㐿௅ߐࠇࠆࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢᄢળߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬೑⋉߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ࿾ၞߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᯏળ߿‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞో૕ߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᣂߒ޿᜚ὐߩഃ಴ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫࠻ࡦࠤޔ‬ᄢቇߣࠣ࡝࠾࠶ࠫᄢቇ߇‫ߦࠗࠚ࠙࠼ࡔߦ౒ޔ‬ㅴ಴ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޕ‬ᄢቇߩਛᔃ⊛ߥሽ࿷ߢ޽ࠆࡃ࡯ࠢࡌ࠶ࠢ࡮ࠞ࡟࠶߽ࠫ‫᧲ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬ㇱߦㅴ಴ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ࠬࠢ࠶࠮ࠛޕ‬ᄢቇ߽‫ࠨޔ‬࠙ࠬࠛࡦ࠼ߦᣂࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬࠍᑪ⸳ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᣂߒ޿㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ᜚ὐࠍ▽ߊߚ߼ߦᄙߊߩᄢቇ߇දജߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫↢ޟߪߜߚ⑳ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᶦቇ⠌ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇࠆ઀⚵ߺ߽ᢛ஻ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌߚߎߣ߇ߥ޿ੱ‫߇ޘ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩㅴቇࠍ
น⢻ߦߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߚ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣᚑੱᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣߩㅪ៤ߢߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦ‫ߚ⑳ޔ‬ߜߪ‫ࠗࠚ࠙࠻࡯ࠥ࡮࠭ࡓ࠹ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޟ‬⍮⼂੤឵࠮ࡦ࠲࡯‫ߩޠ‬ᢛ஻ߦข⚵ߺ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪ࡯࠲ࡦ࠮ߩߎޕ‬ડᬺ߇ᄢቇ߿ᄢቇౝߩᛛ⢻ߦࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߔࠆ㓙ߩ౞Ṗߥᣇᴺࠍឭଏߒ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞࠍౣ↢ߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ᡽ᐭߩ᜸ᚢߦኻᔕߔࠆߚ߼ߦᄙᢙߩᄢቇ
߇ෳടߒ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ᣇᴺ߿ᣂߒ޿දജ૕೙ࠍዉ౉ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟㧜‫ޤ‬㧟⇟⋡ߩࠤ࡯ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖߪ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱ߇⥰บߢߔ‫ߒ↳ޕ‬਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߪ‫⥸ోޔ‬⊛ߦߺࠆߣࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߢߪ߽ߞߣ߽⽺ߒ޿࿾ၞߢ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩㅴቇ߽ૐ⺞ߢߔ‫ߎߎޕ‬ߢߩขࠅ⚵ߺߣߒߡߪ‫ߣࠗࠚ࠙࠻࡯ࠥ࡮࠭ࡓ࠹ޔ‬ห᭽ߩᣇᴺߢ↢ᶦቇ⠌ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍᵴ
↪ߒ߹ߒߚ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢߪ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿⊒ዷ߇ߺࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߪ‫ޔ‬㓹↪
⠪ਥዉဳᛛ⢻㐿⊒ߩ⹜㛎࿾ၞߩ߭ߣߟߢߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩᄢડᬺ߿ਛዊડᬺ߇ᔅⷐ
ߣߔࠆᛛ⢻ࠍ‫ߣߞ߽ޔ‬᣿⏕ߦᛠីߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ડᬺߣᄢቇߣߩ
⚿߮ߟ߈ߩᒝൻࠍ࿑ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔ߇ߩߚߒ↢⺀ߢߎߎޕ‬ᛛ⢻ߩᯅᷰߒᓎߣ޿߁ᣂߚߥࠦࡦ
࠮ࡊ࠻ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ડᬺ߇᳞߼ࠆ࠾࡯࠭ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߦડᬺߦ಴ะ޿ߡ௛޿ߚੱ‫ޔ߇ޘ‬ᄢቇߦߘߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍᜬߜᏫࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺ⇇߇᳞߼ࠆ࠾࡯࠭ߦኻᔕߔࠆᣢሽߩࡊ
ࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍឭଏߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᔅⷐߦᔕߓߡᣂߚߥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ㐿⊒ߒߚࠅߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣડᬺߣߩ㑆ߦࠃࠅᨵエߢലᨐ⊛ߥㅪ៤ࠍ⏕┙ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ‫⹜ޔ‬㛎⊛ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߥߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟㧝㨪㧟㧠‫ޤ‬ߐߡ‫ޔ‬ᰴߪർ⷏ㇱߢߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕᒰᤨ‫࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޔ‬Ꮢߦᣂߒ޿ᄢⷙᮨߥᄢቇࠍ⸳┙ߒࠃ߁ߣ޿߁‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪߦ࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޕ‬หᏒᦨฎߩᄢቇߢ
޽ࠆࡆࠢ࠻࡝ࠕᄢቇ߿ࡑࡦ࠴ࠚࠬ࠲࡯Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ㧞ߟߩᄢቇߪ‫߇ࠬࡄࡦࡖࠠޔ‬㓞ធߒߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߢߎߘޕ‬㧞ߟߩᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ࠍ⛔วߒ‫ߦ࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ᄢⷙᮨߥᄢቇࠍ㐿⸳ߒࠃ߁ߣ޿߁᩺߇ᶋ਄ߒߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߘޕ‬ߎߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ߟߩᄢቇߩ⛔วࠍផㅴߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ‫ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭߇⾗㊄ࠍឭଏߒ߹ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥᄢቇ߇ᣂߚߦ⺀↢ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ቇ↢ᢙߩࠣ࡜ࡈࠍߏⷩߊߛߐ
޿‫⛔߇ࠇߎޕ‬วߐࠇߚᄢቇߩቇ↢ᢙߢߔ‫࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޕ‬ᄢቇߩᔒ㗿⠪ᢙߣቇ↢ᢙߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝߩߤߩᄢቇࠃࠅ߽ᄙߊߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޔߡߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᄢቇߪࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ᦨ
ᄢߩᄢቇߣߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⛔ޕ‬วߐࠇߚࡑࡦ࠴ࠚࠬ࠲࡯ᄢቇߩ⎇ⓥ⠪ᢙߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߢߪ‫ࠢ࠶ࠝޔ‬ࠬࡈࠜ࡯࠼ᄢቇ߿ࠤࡦࡉ࡝࠶ࠫᄢቇ‫ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬ᄢቇ࡙࠾ࡃ࡯ࠪ࠹ࠖ࡮ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߣ⢋ࠍਗߴߡ޿߹ߔ‫࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ⎇ⓥ෼౉ߪ‫࠼࡯ࠜࡈࠬࠢ࠶ࠝޔ‬ᄢቇ‫࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤޔ‬ࠫᄢቇ‫ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬ᄢቇ࡙࠾ࡃ࡯ࠪ࠹ࠖ࡮ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ‫ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬ᄢቇࠗࡦࡍ࡝ࠕ࡞࡮ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ
ߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᜰ᛬ࠅߩ⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ߩ᳓Ḱߦߪ೔㆐ߒߡ޿߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬ᐕ‫ޘ‬ㅊ޿਄ߍߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߒ߁ߎޕ‬ߡ‫ߩࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤޔ࠼࡯ࠜࡈࠬࠢ࠶ࠝޔࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬㤛㊄ߩਃⷺ࿾Ꮺߩᄖㇱߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥ⎇ⓥဳᄢቇ߇⺀↢ߒߚߩߢߔ‫ߩߎߢ࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޕ‬ข⚵ߺ߇ታ⃻ߒߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ਔᄢቇ‫ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߣߩ㑆ߢ‫࡯࠲ࠬࠚ࠴ࡦࡑޔ‬Ꮢߦᣂߚߥఝࠇߚᄢቇࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆߎߣ߇࿾ၞߩ
ఝవ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬วᗧ߇޽ߞߚ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬㧟‫ޔ‬㧠ᐕߢߎߩข⚵ߺࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟㧡‫ޤ‬ߎࠇߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߦኻߒߡ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߣᄢቇߩ෺ᣇ߇ኻᔕߒߡ߈ߚ⚻✲ࠍ‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬⒟ᐲ߅ࠊ߆ࠅ޿ߚߛߌߚ߆ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߪ⹤ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᢙᄙߊ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬දജ㑐ଥ߿ᣂߚߥࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉߩ੐଀ߪ‫ߩߤߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬࿾ၞߢ߽⷗ฃߌࠄࠇ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄙߊߦ⑳ߩห௥ߚߜ߇㑐ࠊߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫⃻ޔߪ⑳ޕ‬࿷ߩࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ࿾ၞߣߩ㑐ଥߩォ឵ᦼߦ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬એ೨ࠃࠅ߽࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ࠍ⌀೶ߦฃߌᱛ߼ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞ
ߡ޿߹ߔ‫߇⑳ߒ߽ޕ‬㧝㧜ᐕ೨ߦߎߩࠬࡇ࡯࠴ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ߚࠄ‫ޔߪ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇߩఝవ⺖㗴ߪ࿾ၞߩ⚻ᷣ⊛⺖㗴ߦኻᔕߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ‫ߒ↳ߣޔ‬਄ߍߡ޿ߚߢߒࠂ߁‫ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߪߢ੹ޕ‬࠼ߢߩ૏⟎ߠߌߪ㆑޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߦ࿾ၞ߿࿾඙ߩ⚻ᷣ⊛⺖㗴ߦ₸వߒߡข⚵߻ᄢቇߪ‫⃟ޔ‬ߒߊߥߊߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߣኒធߦදജߒߥߌࠇ߫‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߿࿾඙ߩ⚻ᷣߩ❥ᩕߪᓧࠄࠇߕ‫ޔ‬ᛛ⢻ߩ໧㗴ߦ߽ኻᔕߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߪߢ੹ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᓥ᧪߽ߘ߁ߢߒߚ߇‫ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬࡜ࡦ࠼ߦ߅ߌࠆ᡽╷ߩේℂߣ߽޿߃ࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫੹ޕ‬ᓟ㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ਎♿ߦ߅ߌࠆㇺᏒ߿࿾ၞߩἮบߣߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ࿾ၞߩදജ߇ߐࠄߦ✕ኒߦߥࠆߎߣࠍᦼ
ᓙߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߏޕ‬ᷡ⡬޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼᭽‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽߽߁ߤޔ‬ߎߎߢ৻ᣤ‫ޔ‬ભᙑࠍขࠄߖߡ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞㓏ߩ⠀⴩ߩ㑆ߦࠦ࡯ࡅ࡯ࠍ↪ᗧߒߡߏߑ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫߉ࠈߟߊ߅ޔ‬㗂ߌࠇ߫ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ᰴߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ߇‫⇼⾰ޔ‬ᔕ╵ߩ㐿ᆎᤨ㑆ߪ㧝㧝ᤨ㧠㧡ಽ߆ࠄߣߥߞ
ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔߩߢ‫߅ߦߢ߹ࠇߘޔ‬Ꮸߦ߅ᚯࠅ㗂߈߹ߔ᭽‫߅ޔ‬㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߥ߅‫߅ޔ‬Ꮸࠍ㔌ࠇࠆ႐วߦߪ‫ޔ‬หᤨㅢ⸶ߩ࡟ࠪ࡯ࡃ࡯ߢߔ߇‫߅ޔ‬Ꮸߦ⟎޿ߡ߅޿ߡ߅Ꮸ
ࠍ߅㔌ࠇ㗂߈߹ߔ᭽‫߅ޔ‬㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬ด੹߆ࠄભᙑߣߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ឋွࣖሉ Ὁ ؕᛦᜒ๫ዮਙ
ẎἴἙἾὊἑẏ‫ٻ‬᱾ᴾ ʶ ίʴ᧓૨҄ᄂᆮೞನྸʙὸ
ỸỹὅἙỵὊὉἣὊἍἽ ίἡὊἚἧỻὊἛἉἵὊ‫ܖٻ‬и‫ᧈܖ‬ὸ
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾมળ㧔ട⮮㧕
ߘࠇߢߪ‫ᤨ߅ޔ‬㑆ߣߥࠅ߹ߒߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬ด੹ࠃࠅౣ㐿ࠍߐߖߡ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߎߎޕ‬߆ࠄߪ߅ੑੱߩᣇ‫ߡߒߣ࠲࡯࡟࠺ࡕߦޘ‬ടࠊߞߡ㗂߈߹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬వ߶ߤߩ߅ੑੱߩߏ⻠Ṷߦኻߔࠆ⾰⇼ᔕ╵‫ޔ‬෸߮ࡕ࠺࡟࡯࠲ੑੱߦࠃࠅ߹ߔၮ⺞⻠Ṷߩ✚᜝ࠍߐߖߡ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
ߎߎߢ‫ߡߖߐࠍ੺⚫ߏߩ࠲࡯࡟࠺ࡕޔ‬㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߅৻ੱ⋡ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ౒ห೑↪ᯏ㑐ᴺੱੱ㑆ᢥൻ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴ℂ੐ߩᄢ㦮ੳ᭽ߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢ㦮᭽ߪ‫ޔ‬੩ㇺᄢቇߦ߅޿ߡᢎ⢒ඳ჻ภࠍୃ߼ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᢥൻᐡ㐳ቭࠍᆎ߼‫᧲ޔ‬੩࿖┙ㄭઍ⟤ⴚ㙚㐳‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄቇⴚᝄ⥝ળℂ੐㐳ߥߤࠍᱧછߐࠇ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦ‫⃻ޔ‬⡯ߢ޽ࠆੱ㑆ᢥൻ⎇ⓥᯏ
᭴ℂ੐ߦߏዞછߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫߅ޔ‬ੑੱ⋡ߩࡕ࠺࡟࡯࠲ࠍߏ⚫੺ߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇߩቇ㐳ߢ޿ࠄߞߒ߾޿߹ߔ࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮ࡄ࡯࠮࡞᭽ߢߏߑ
޿߹ߔ‫࡞࠮࡯ࡄޕ‬᭽ߪ࠙ࠚࠬ࠻࡮ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ᄢቇߩ೽ቇ㐳෸߮ᔕ↪⑼ቇㇱߩቇㇱ㐳ࠍോ߼ࠄࠇߚᓟ‫ ޔ‬ᐕ㧝㧜᦬ߦ⃻⡯ߦዞછߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ࠍᆎ߼‫ޔ‬ᄙᢙߩᯏ㑐ߢⷐ⡯ࠍോ߼ࠄࠇߡ߅ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄙᓀߥߏ⚻ᱧࠍ߅ᜬߜߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ
ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᣧㅦ‫߅ߩ࠲࡯࡟࠺ࡕޔ‬ੑੱߦࡑࠗࠢࠍ߅ᷰߒߔࠆߎߣߣ⥌ߒ߹ߔ‫ߙ߁ߤޕ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢ㦮 ੳ ੱ㑆ᢥൻ⎇ⓥᯏ᭴ℂ੐ߏ⚫੺㗂߈߹ߒߚᄢ㦮ߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫࡞࠮࡯ࡄޕ‬ᢎ᝼ߣߏ৻✜ߦߎߩ࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩㅴⴕᓎ
ࠍോ߼ߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᆎ߼ߦ‫᧛ᧁޔ‬వ↢‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬ᢎ᝼ߩ⚛᥍ࠄߒ޿ࠬࡇ࡯࠴ߦᗵ⻢ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍߚ޿ߣ
ᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨೋߦ‫᧛ᧁޔ‬వ↢ߩࠬࡇ࡯࠴ߦኻߔࠆ⾰໧޽ࠆ޿ߪࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍࡈࡠࠕ߆ࠄ㗂߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ
޿߹ߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟߢ‫࡞࠮࡯ࡄޔ‬వ↢ߦ࠴ࠚࠕࠍ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߒߡ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬వ↢ߦኻߔࠆ⾰໧ߥࠅࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ㗂ߌࠇ߫ߣᕁ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ޔ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿⥌ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߢߪ‫᧛ᧁޕߔ߹ࠅ౉ߦࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶ࠞࠬࠖ࠺ޔ‬వ↢߳ߩߏ⾰໧߿ߏᗧ⷗ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ߪޕ‬޿‫߅ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ฬ೨ࠍ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡗ࡯࠽࡮ࡊ࡯ࠞ 㧻㧱㧯㧰ࠕ࠽࡝ࠬ࠻
޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕߔߢࠞ࡯ࡊ࡮࠽࡯ࡗޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰߆ࠄ᧪߹ߒߚ‫᧛ᧁޕ‬వ↢ߩ⚛᥍ࠄߒ޿ࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦᗵ⻢ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ᡽ᐭߩฦ⋭㑆ߩදജ㑐ଥߦߟ޿ߡ‫⾰ޔ‬໧ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭߇▤ℂߒߡ޿ࠆ⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯޽ࠆ޿ߪ⍮⼂ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯એᄖߦ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯⸘↹߽ㅴⴕਛߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬㧞ߟߩ⸘↹ߪ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ㅪ៤ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᄢ㦮ᧁ᧛వ↢‫߅ޔ‬㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ ቃ ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴㐳ߏ⾰໧ߩౝኈ߇ࠃߊࠊ߆ࠄߥ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ㆑޿ߦߟ޿ߡ߅዆ߨߢ
ߒࠂ߁߆‫ߪ⑳ޕ‬੐଀ߣߒߡ㧟ߟࠍߏ⚫੺ߒߚߩߢߔ߇‫ޕ‬ࡊ࡯ࠞߘߩㅢࠅߢߔ‫ޕ‬వ↢߇⚫੺ߐࠇߚ੐଀ߪߔߴߡᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭߇ᜂᒰߒߚߣℂ⸃ߒߡ޿޿ߩ
ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛߭ߣߟࠍ㒰޿ߡߪߘ߁ߢߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߚߒߖ⷗߅ߢ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޕ‬㧟ߟ⋡ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߣ⚻ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭㧔ᣥㅢ໡↥ᬺ⋭㧕ߦࠃࠆ౒หߩข⚵ߺߩᚑᨐߢߔ‫࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޕ‬ߪߤࠇ߽‫⋭߫ࠊ޿ޔ‬ᐡࠍ⿥߃ߚ┙႐ߦ޽ࠆ㧯㧿㨀㧼ߩࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻ߦၮߠ޿ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߒߘޕ‬ߡ‫ߩ߼ߓߪޔ‬㧞ߟߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ‫ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭߇ᜂᒰߒߚߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧟ߟ⋡ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚ
ࠢ࠻ߪ‫ޔ‬ᢥ⑼⋭ߣ⚻ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭ߩ౒หࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢߔ‫ޕ߆߁ࠂߒߢ޿ߒࠈࠃߢࠇߎޕ‬ࡊ࡯ࠞ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢ㦮߶߆ߦߏ⾰໧ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߔ߆‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ޿ߪޕ‬ࠣ࡟ࠕࡓ࡮ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ ࠹ࠖ࡯ࠨࠗ࠼ᄢቇ㐳ߎࠎߦߜߪ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޕߔ߹ߒ↳ߣࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋޕ‬ᄢቇߩቇ㐳ߢߔ‫᧛ᧁޕ‬వ↢ߪ‫ࠬޔ‬࡜ࠗ࠼ߩ߭ߣߟߢ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⧯ᐕੱญߣᄢቇᔒ㗿⠪ᢙ߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆ⃻⁁ߣ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬ᣣᧄߩᄢቇ౉ቇ⠪ᢙߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦ⚿߮ߟ޿ߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ‫⺑ߏޔ‬᣿ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫߅ޔߢߎߘޕ‬዆ߨߒ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬⍮⼂⚻ᷣ߳ߩ⒖ⴕ߇ㅴߺ‫↥ࠢ࠹ࠗࡂޔ‬ᬺߢ௛ߊੱ‫߇ޘ‬Ⴧടߔࠆਛ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ‫⧯ޔ‬ᐕ⠪ߩߐࠄߦᄙߊ߇㜞޿ࠬࠠ࡞ࠍりߦߟߌࠆᔅⷐߪ޽ࠆߩ߆ߤ߁߆‫ੱޔ‬ญ߇ᷫዋߒߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬ᄢቇㅴቇ₸ߩ਄᣹ࠍ࿑ࠆᔅⷐߪߥ޿ߩ߆‫ߩߘޔ‬ὐߦ㑐ߔࠆ߅⠨߃ࠍ߅⡞߆ߖߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ߪ޿‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߘ߁ߒߚ⃻⽎ߪ⿠߈ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߚߒߖ⷗߅ޕ‬㧟ᨎ⋡ߢߔ߇‫⺑ߏޔ‬᣿↳ߒ਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ᐕ೨ߦ⊒⴫ߐࠇߚ੍᷹ߢߔ‫੍ߩߎޕ‬᷹ߦࠃࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᐕߦ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᔒ㗿⠪ᢙ߇ቯຬᢙߣหߓߦߥࠆߣផቯߐࠇߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫⃻ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ታߦߪ‫ޔ‬⻠Ṷߩਛߢ߽↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߒߚࠃ߁ߦᔒ㗿⠪ᢙ߇Ⴧടߒߚߚ߼‫ࠆ޽ߛ߹ޔ‬⒟ᐲߩ㐿߈߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫߇ࠊޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬࿖ߢߪ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㅴቇ₸ߪߔߢߦ㜞޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭߢߪ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⧯⠪߇㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩㅴቇࠍᏗᦸߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᒰὼߥ߇ࠄߎࠇߦߪ㒢⇇߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫߇ࠊޕ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㅴቇ₸ߪ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬㧡㧜㧑ࠍ਄࿁ߞߡ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬ㅴቇ₸߇ߤߎ߹ߢ਄᣹ߔࠆ߆੍᷹߇ߟ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ߅╵߃ߒߦߊ޿⾰໧ߥߩߢߔ‫ࠇߎޕ‬ߢ‫ޕ߆߁ࠂߒߢ޿ߒࠈࠃޔ‬ᄢ㦮ߪ޿‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ࠨ࡞࡮ࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱᄢቇදળ੐ോዪ㐳޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ㇱᄢቇදળߩࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦߢߔ‫ޔߪ⑳ޕ‬ㇺᏒㇱߦ߅ߌࠆ↥ቇቭㅪ៤ଦㅴߦߟ޿ߡ㕖Ᏹߦ㑐ᔃ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ฦ࿾ၞߩᣂߚߥ࿕᦭ߩ↥ᬺߦ㑐ߔࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ᳿ቯߐࠇࠆߩ߆‫ߡ⚻ࠍࠬ࠮ࡠࡊߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬᳿ቯߐࠇࠆߩ߆
ࠍ‫ߣ޿ߚߒ޿ુ߅ޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߔ‫᧛ᧁޕ‬వ↢ߩ㧝㧟⇟⋡ߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ߏ⾰໧޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߦߪ‫ޔߪ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ᢥ⑼⋭ߣ㧹㧱㨀㧵‫ߟޔ‬߹ࠅ⚻ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭ߩ౒หߩข⚵ߺߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߩ࿕᦭ߩ↥ᬺߦߟ޿ߡߪ޽߹
ࠅ⹦ߒߊ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭߇⹦ߒ޿ߩߢߔ‫౒ߩߎޕ‬หߩข⚵ߺߩ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ↥ᬺߩᝄ⥝ࠍᒝൻߔߴ߈࿾ၞࠍ㧞ߟߩ⋭ߢ᳿ቯߒ߹ߔ‫߇ࠊޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ߎޔ‬ߩࠃ߁ߦข⚵ߺࠍㅴ߼ߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㧞ߟߩ⋭ߩ౒หߩข⚵ߺߢߔ‫ࠂߒߢ޿ߒࠈࠃޕ‬
߁߆‫ޕ‬
ᄢ㦮
ߘߩઁߦߏ⾰໧ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺ޕ‬వ↢‫ߏ߆ߦߥޔ‬ᗧ⷗ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޕ‬ࠨ࡯࡮࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦᄢቇᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼ᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲߩࠨ࡯࡮࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦߢߔ‫᧛ᧁޕ‬వ↢ߦߗ߭߅዆ߨߒߚ޿ߎߣ߇
޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬᡽╷ߩផㅴߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ࿖ౝߩ⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯߿↥ᬺࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍᡰេ
ߢ߈ࠆࠗࡦࡈ࡜߇߹ߛᢛ஻ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿࿾ၞߦኻߔࠆ ᔨߪߥ޿ߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫޿⸒ޕ‬឵߃ࠇ߫‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗ߫߃ߣߚޔ‬వ↢߇᜼ߍࠄࠇߚࠨࡈࠜ࡯ࠢᎺߩ੐଀ߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߣડᬺߩㅪ៤ࠍᣣᧄ࿖ౝߩᣂߚߥ࿾ၞߦ⒖േߐߖࠆߣ޿߁ᣉ╷ߪ޽ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߩ㧝㧠⇟ࠍߏⷩߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕᐲ߹ߢߦ㧝㧤࿾ၞߦ⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯߇ᢛ஻ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫੍ߩ⑳ޕ‬ᗐߢߪ‫੹ޔ‬ᐕᐲਛߦ᡽ᐭ߇ߎߩ࿾ၞߩᢙࠍჇ߿ߔߣ޿߁ߎߣ
ߪߥߐߘ߁ߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬዁᧪⊛ߦ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ߇⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍᒻᚑߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ࿾ၞ߇޽
ࠆ⒟ᐲჇടߔࠆߎߣߪ⏕ታߢߔ‫⹏ߪࠇߘޔࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬ଔ⚿ᨐߦᏀฝߐࠇ߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߪߎࠇࠄߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߘࠇߙࠇߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᚑᨐࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ૞ᬺࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫߽ޕ‬ߒ㜞޿⹏ଔ߇ᓧࠄࠇߚࠄ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߪ‫ޔ‬⍮⊛ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ࠍᒻᚑߔࠆ࿾ၞࠍჇ߿ߔߚ߼ߦ‫ߞ߽ޔ‬ߣᄙߊߩ⾗㊄ࠍ᜚಴ߔࠆߎߣߪ㑆㆑޿ߥ޿ߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ᄢ㦮ᤨ㑆ߩ㑐ଥߢ‫᧛ᧁ߇ࠇߎޔ‬వ↢߳ߩᦨᓟߩ⾰໧ߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕߙ߁ߤޕ‬ࠕ࡝࠰ࡦ࡮࠙ࠚࡉࠬ࠲࡯ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ࠬࠠ࡞࡮࿾ၞᜂᒰ࠺ࠖ࡟ࠢ࠲࡯
޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫᧲ޕ‬ㇱ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ߩࠕ࡝࠰ࡦ࡮࠙ࠚࡉࠬ࠲࡯ߣ↳ߒ߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߩ㧞ߟߩ⾰໧ߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ‫ߡ޿߅ߦ↹⸘ߩߎޔ‬ਛᄩ᡽ᐭ߇࿾ၞ᡽ᐭߣߤߩࠃ߁ߥㅪ៤ࠍᦸࠎ
ߢ޿ࠆߩ߆ࠍ‫߅ޔ‬዆ߨߒߚ޿ߩߢߔ‫⧷ޔ߽ߩߔ߹ߒ↳ߣޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫┹ߩߘޔ‬੎ജߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬
࿾ၞߩⓍᭂ⊛ߥෳട߇‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦᄢ߈ߥᚑഞࠍ෼߼ࠆ਄ߢ㕖Ᏹߦ᦭ലߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦ
ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ߇࿾ၞߦ௛߈߆ߌࠆߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߇᡽ᐭߣㅪ៤
ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬዁᧪⊛ߦ࿾ၞߣࠃࠅ✕ኒߦදജߔࠆ⸘↹ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߔ߆‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ߎࠇࠄߩ㧟ߟߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩ᡽ᐭߣ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߇✕ኒߦㅪ៤ߒߡ޿߹
ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩ੐ᖱߦߟ޿ߡߪࠃߊሽߓ߹ߖࠎ߇‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߢߪ‫⽷ޔ߫߃ߣߚޔ‬ോ⋭ߪో࿖ߦ⽷ോዪࠍ⟎߈‫ޔ‬ᜂᒰ࿾ၞࠍ▤ロߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬࿾ၞ⽷ോዪߪ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߩ⽷ോ⁁ᴫࠍ⋙〈ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⚻ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬ᣥㅢ໡↥ᬺ⋭߽‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣ↥ᬺዪࠍ⸳⟎ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠄࠇߎޕ‬࿾ၞ↥ᬺߩ⁁ᴫࠍᵈᗧᷓߊ⷗቞ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߩਛᄩ᡽ᐭߣ࿾ᣇߣߩදജ㑐ଥߪ⦟ᅢߦ଻ߚࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߃߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ૕೙ߪ⏕┙ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⽷ޕ‬ോ⋭ߩ࿾ၞ⽷ോዪ߿⚻ᷣ↥ᬺ⋭ߩ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣ↥ᬺዪߪ‫ోޔ‬࿖ߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ߆߁ࠂߒߢ޿ߒࠈࠃޕ‬࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ ࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇ೽ቇ㐳ߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫౒ޕ‬หมળ⠪ߩᄢ㦮వ↢‫ߢޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬ߪ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗ࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺ޔ‬వ↢߳ߩߏ⾰໧ߦ⒖ࠅߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⾰໧⠪㧝⧷࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆකቇᢎ⢒߳ߩ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡ߅዆ߨߒ߹ߔ‫ߩ߽ߤ⑳ޕ‬කቇᢎ⢒ᝄ⥝⽷࿅ߪ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖කቇᩞ㐳ද⼏ળ㧔㧯㧴㧹㧿㧕ߣ㧞ᐲߦࠊߚߞߡวหળ⼏ࠍ㐿௅ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᦨೋߪ  ᐕߦࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߩ࠺ࠖ࠶࠴࡝࡯ࡄ࡯ࠢߢ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߩળ⼏ߪߎߩ᧲੩ߢ‫ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔ‬࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩߏᡰេߩ߽ߣߢ㐿௅ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪ⑳ޕ‬කቇᢎ⢒ߣஜᐽ߳ߩ⽸₂ߪ⧷࿖ߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߡ߼ࠊ߈ޔߚ߹ޔ‬㊀ⷐߥ࿾ၞߩ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆߣℂ⸃ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬㧞ᐲߩળ⼏ߩ㓙ߦߪ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪ⑳ޔ‬໧㗴߳ߩ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ⽸₂ߦ᳇ߠ޿ߡ޿߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ක੐ᆔຬળ߿㧯㧴㧹㧿ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߪ‫⾗ߩߘޔ‬㊄⺞㆐ߦ߅޿ߡ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߇ᨐߚߒߡ޿ࠆߎ
ߩࠃ߁ߥ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀߦߪ‫⸒ޔ‬෸ߐࠇ߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫⧷ޔߪ⑳ޔᤨߩߘޕ‬࿖߇㧞ߟߩ㕖Ᏹߦߔ߫ࠄߒ޿ᡷ㕟ࠍⴕߞߚߎߣࠍ⍮ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬කቇ↢ߩቯຬࠍ‫ޔ‬㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ᐕ߆ߌߡ 
ฬჇടߒߚߎߣߢߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㛳ߊߴ߈ᡷ㕟ߢߔ‫࡜ࡘࠪࡦ࠾ࡍޔߪߟߣ߭߁߽ޕ‬ᄢቇߥߤᣂ
ߚߥකቇᩞߩ⸳┙ߢߔ‫ߩ⑳ߪࠇߎޔߊࠄߘ߅ޕ‬ផ᷹ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߇㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߥᡰេࠍឭଏߐࠇߚߩߢߒࠂ߁߇‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ሽߓ߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫⚛ߣߞ߽ޕ‬᥍ࠄߒ޿࠾ࡘ࡯ࠬࠍ߅⡞߆ߖߊߛߐ޿߹ߔ߆‫ޕ‬࠺ࠗࡧ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ℂ੐㐳ߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫  ߪߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔࠅ߅ߣࠆ߾ߒߞ߅ޕ‬ᐕએ㒠‫ޔ‬කቇᢎ⢒ߩᄢⷙᮨߥ᜛ᄢ߇ⴕࠊࠇ‫ޔ‬ਛᔃߣߥࠆ㧞ߟߩ੐ᬺ߇ታᣉߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬ᣢሽߩකቇᩞߩ᜛ᄢ‫ޔࠅ߅ߣߚߞ߾ߒߞ߅੹ߪߟߣ߭߁߽ޔ‬ᣂߚߥකቇᩞߩ㐿⸳ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᣂߒ޿කቇᩞߣߒߡ‫ࡦ࠻ࠗ࡜ࡉޔ‬ᄢቇߣࠨ࠮࠶ࠢࠬᄢቇ߇౒หߢࡉ࡜ࠗ࠻ࡦߦ‫ࠢ࡯࡛ޔ‬ᄢቇߣࡂ࡞ᄢቇ߇౒หߢ࡛࡯ࠢࠪࡖ࡯ߦ‫࡯࠲࠮ࠢࠛޔ‬ᄢቇߣࡊ࡝ࡑࠬᄢቇ߇౒หߢࡍ࠾ࡦࠪࡘ࡜ߦ‫ޔ‬࠙ࠜ࡯࡝࠶ࠢᄢቇߣ࡟ࠬ࠲࡯ᄢቇ߇౒หߢ࠙ࠜ࡯࡝࠶ࠢߦ‫ࠕ࡝ࠣࡦࠕ࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬ᄢቇ߇න⁛ߢࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻ࠕࡦࠣ࡝ࠕߦ‫⥝ߡ߼ࠊ߈ߪࠇߎޕߚߒ߹ࠇߐ┙⸳ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬๧ᷓ޿㐿⊒੐ᬺߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬කቇᩞᣂ⸳ߩ⢛ᓟߦߪ‫ޔ‬කቇᢎ⢒ߩᯏળ߇ਇචಽߥ࿾ၞ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߣ޿߁⹺⼂߇޽ߞߚ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬කቇᢎ⢒ߩㆡᱜߥ㈩ಽࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߩᕁ޿ಾߞߚ⹜ߺߛߞߚ
ߩߢߔ‫޿⸒ޕ‬ᔓࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫ߦࠢ࡯࠻ࠬߩ࡯ࡖࠪ࠼࡯ࠜࡈ࠲ࠬޔ‬ㄭ޿ࠠ࡯࡞ߦ߽‫⃻ޔ‬࿷‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿කቇᩞ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞ߳ߩ㈩ಽ߇㊀ⷞߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬කቇᩞߩᣂ⸳ߩߚ߼ߩ⾗㊄ߪ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߆ࠄ᜚಴ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬කቇᩞߩᑪ⸳ߦ㐿⊒⵬ഥ㊄ߣᣉ⸳ᢛ஻⵬ഥ㊄ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⾰ߏޕ‬໧ߦ೎ߩᣇะ߆ࠄ߅
╵߃ߔࠆߣߔࠇ߫‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬කቇ߅ࠃ߮ᱤቇᢎ⢒ߩ⾗㊄ࠍᜂᒰߒߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ઁߩක≮ᓥ੐⠪‫⼔⋴ޔ‬Ꮷ‫ޔ‬ഥ↥Ꮷ‫ޔ‬ℂቇ≮ᴺ჻‫ޔ‬૞ᬺ≮ᴺ჻ߥߤߩߚ߼ߩ⾗㊄ߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߪ࿾ၞ⚵❱ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ‬ᚢ⇛଻ஜዪ߇⽿છࠍ⽶ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪ❱⚵ߩߎޕ‬ක≮ᓥ੐⠪ߩ㙃ᚑߩߚ߼ߦᄢቇߣ୘೎ߦᄾ⚂ࠍ⚿߮߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬႐ว‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳߇․ߦ㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ޔ߽ߩ߁޿ߣޕ‬⒖േߔࠆකᏧะߌߩో࿖ⷙᮨߩࡑ࡯ࠤ࠶࠻ߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩߪ޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬⋴⼔Ꮷ‫ޔ‬ഥ↥Ꮷ‫ޔ‬૞ᬺ≮ᴺ჻ߥߤߩ႐ว‫⥄ޔ‬ಽ߇⸠✵ࠍฃߌߚ࿾ၞߩߏߊㄭߊߢ௛ߊ௑ะ
߇޽ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ߩઁߩߘޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ක≮ᓥ੐⠪ߩ㙃ᚑᯏ㑐ߩ㈩⟎ߣ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬㙃ᚑߩᄾ⚂ߦ߅ߌࠆᄢቇߣ࿖᳃ක≮ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ㧔㧺㧴㧿㧕ߣߩㅪ៤ߪ‫߽ߡߣޔ‬㊀ⷐߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߦࠃࠆකቇᩞ߳ߩ⾗㊄᜚಴ߪ‫ޔ‬㧺㧴㧿ߦࠃࠆ㑐ㅪක≮ᓥ੐⠪߳ߩ⾗㊄ឭଏࠃࠅ߽቟ቯߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߃߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫⾰ߏߦઁߩߘޕ‬໧ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޔߪߢޕ‬ᓟᣇߩᣇ‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬⾰໧⠪㧞޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⧷෺ᣇߦ㑐ଥߔࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆⷙᮨߩᄢ߈޿⾰໧ࠍߐߖߡ޿ߚ
ߛ߈߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩฦ࿾ၞߣ߅ߘࠄߊᣣᧄߩ৻ㇱߩ࿾ၞߢ↢ߓߡ޿ࠆ໧㗴ߪ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙ᛩ⾗ߣ㑐ㅪߒߡ޿ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩੱ‫᧲ޔ߇ޘ‬᰷߿ਛ࿖ߥߤ߳ߩડᬺㅴ಴ߦ㑐ᔃࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣣᧄડᬺ߽⵾ㅧᬺߩᶏᄖᵹ಴ߣ޿߁ห᭽ߩ໧㗴ࠍᛴ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ৻ㇱߩᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖ߩᄢቇߣⓍᭂ⊛ߥ⚿߮ߟ߈ࠍ⏕┙ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ਛ࿖ડᬺߣ߽ㅪ៤ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠕࠫࠕޔߦࠄߐޕ‬Ꮢ႐ߥߤࠍⷞ㊁ߦ౉ࠇߡઁߩ࿖‫ߩ߳ޘ‬⍮⼂⒖ォ
ࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫߅ߢߎߘޕ‬዆ߨߒߚ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߢߪ‫⽷ޔ‬᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞߿࿾ၞᒰዪ߇‫ޔ‬ߎ߁ߒߚ਎⇇ߩ⁁ᴫ߿⚿߮ߟ߈ࠍ࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߦ࡝ࡦࠢߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬૗ࠄ߆ߩขࠅ⚵ߺ߿ᡰេࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫߇ࠇߎޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦⷙᮨߩᄢ߈޿໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪࠊ߆ߞ
ߡ޿ࠆߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ߎ߁ߒߚὐߦߟ޿ߡㅪ៤ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍ⍮ࠅߚ޿ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼
ࠬࠤ࡯࡞߇ᄢ߈ߥ㊀ⷐߥ⾰໧ߢߔߨ‫߇⑳ޕ‬චಽߦ߅╵߃ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬ߎߎ㧡ᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚߞߡ‫ߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿௑ะߩ߭ߣߟ߇‫࡯ࠢࠬࠬࡀࠫࡆޔ‬࡞ߢ↢ߓߡ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩᄢቇߩࡆࠫࡀࠬࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߪ‫  ߦ߽߅ޔ‬ᐕઍ߆ࠄ  ᐕઍೋᦼߦ߆ߌߡ⺀↢ߒ‫߽ߎߤޔ‬หߓࠃ߁ߥౝኈߢߒߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᓐࠄߪࡂ࡯ࡃ࡯࠼ᄢቇ߆ࠄߔ
ߴߡࠍቇ߮‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ᵹߦᮨ୮ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ᐕ‫ޔߪ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࠬࡀࠫࡆޔ‬࿾ၞߩ↥ᬺ᭴ㅧ߿࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩ࠾࡯࠭‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ੐ᬺᒻᘒߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿖ߩฦ࿾ၞߩࡆࠫࡀࠬᒻᘒ߇ᄌൻߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍᄢቇ߇⹺⼂ߒᆎ߼ߚ৻଀ߢߔ‫⃻ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿷ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨ㓹↪⠪߇᳞߼ࠆࠬࠠ࡞ߩ㔛ⷐ߇⏕ታߦḩߚߐࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ㧾㧰㧭߇ᄢᄌ✕ኒߥදജࠍⴕߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩ⊝᭽߽ߏሽߓߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ߪੱઙ⾌ߩ㕙ߢ┹วߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿ߣ⹺⼂ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪੱઙ⾌ߪߣߦ߆ߊഀ㜞ߢߔ‫ߩ࡞ࠠࠬޔ߽ߢࠇߘޕ‬᳓Ḱࠍ᛼ߒ਄ߍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ࠆߥ⇣߫ࠊ⸒ޔ‬᳓Ḱߩࠬࠠ࡞ߣ⍮⼂ߩዉ౉ࠍ೨ឭߦ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ᣇᴺࠍขࠅ౉ࠇࠆߎߣߢ੐ᬺࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆߎߣ
ߪචಽ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ߒ↳߇⑳ޕ‬਄ߍߚ޿╙㧟ߩὐߪ‫ޔ‬ડᬺ߇᳞߼ࠆࠬࠠ࡞ߪᄌൻߒ⛯ߌࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫↢߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᶦቇ⠌ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢࠍㅢߓߡታ⃻ࠍ࿑ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣߩ߭ߣߟ
ߪ‫ޔ‬ቇ⠌⠪߇ቇᩞ߿⛮⛯ᢎ⢒‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍㅢߓߡᚑ㐳ߔࠆ⢻ജߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߣ⛮⛯ᢎ⢒ߣߩ㑆ߩࡃ࡜ࡦࠬߣදജߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ડᬺ߇᳞߼ࠆࠬࠠ࡞‫৻ߩߘޔ‬ㇱߪ㜞᳓Ḱߩࠬࠠ࡞ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍㅢߓߡᦨ߽ㆡಾߦឭଏߐࠇࠆߎߣߢߔ‫৻ߩߘޕ‬ㇱߪ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ᛛⴚ⊛ࠬࠠ࡞ߢ‫⛯⛮ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߦࠃߞߡ㙃ᚑߐࠇࠆߩ߇ᦨㆡߢߔ‫ߪ߈ߟ߮⚿ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪ⑳ޕ‬ะ਄ߒ⛯ߌߡ޿ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢขࠅ⚵ࠎߛࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߥߤ‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙߩࡊࡠࠫ
ࠚࠢ࠻ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߣ⛮⛯ᢎ⢒߇ߘߩਛᩭߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇߅ࠊ߆ࠅ޿ߚߛߌࠆߣሽ
ߓ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߩ⾰໧ߢߔ‫ޕߙ߁ߤޕ‬⾰໧⠪㧟ᄢᄌ⾆㊀ߥࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߦ↳ߒ਄ߍߚ޿ߩߪ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩࡠࠧ߇ߣߡ߽⟤ߒ޿ߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ߩࠢ࠶ࡇࡦ࡝ࠝࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޕ‬ᅱߥࡠࠧࠃࠅ
߽ߕߞߣఝࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫⾰ޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬໧ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩᄢቇߪ‫⽷ߩઁޔ‬Ḯ߆ࠄ߽⥄↱ߦ⾗㊄⺞㆐߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߒߚ‫⾰ߢࠇߘޕ‬໧ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇᝼ᬺᢱ߿ነઃ
㊄‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥᄾ⚂ߥߤᄖㇱߩ⽷Ḯ߆ࠄ⾗㊄ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߇ߎ߁ߒߚᄢ
ቇ߳ߩ੍▚㈩ಽࠍᷫ㗵ߔࠆߎߣߪ޽ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߎߣߥߩߢߔ߇‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ߎࠇߪᄢᄌ⥝๧ᷓ޿⾰໧ߢߔߨ‫࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺ޔ‬వ↢‫ޕ‬ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼
߅ⶋ߼ߩߎߣ߫ࠍ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߩࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢᄢળ߹ߢߦ
ࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢࠬ࠲ࠫࠕࡓ߇ቢᚑߒߥ޿ߩߢߪߥ޿߆‫ߣޔ‬ᔃ㈩ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩ޽ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ࡠࠧ߇⊒⴫ߐࠇࠆߣ‫ ޔߪߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ᐕ߹ߢߦࡠࠧߩ೙૞߇⚳ࠊࠇ߫޿޿߇‫ߣޔ‬޿߁࡚ࠫ࡯ࠢ߇↢߹ࠇ߹ߒߚ‫⾗ޕ‬㊄⺞㆐ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⃻ታ⊛ߥߏ⾰໧ߦኻߒߡߢߔ߇‫ߎߣ߭ޔ‬ߣߢ޿߃߫‫ޕߔߢޠ࡯ࡁޟ‬ᄢቇ߇ઁߩ⽷Ḯ߆ࠄ⺞㆐ߒߚ⾗㊄ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥߇⥄↱ߦᵴ↪ߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ㆬࠎߛ↪ㅜߦᛩ⾗ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ⾗㊄ࠍᷫ㗵ߔࠆߎߣߦߪߟߥ߇ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙ߦ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߩ࿾ၞߢߪ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ᜚಴⾗㊄ߩჇ㗵ߦߟߥ߇ࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ࠆ޽ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ᄢቇ߇⎇ⓥ࠴ࡖ࡝࠹ࠖ࿅૕‫ޔ‬කቇ࠴ࡖ࡝
࠹ࠖ࿅૕߆ࠄ⾗㊄ࠍᓧߚ႐ว‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄ߇ᡰᛄ߁㑆ធ⾌ߪ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥክ⼏ળ߇ᡰᛄ߁㑆ធ⾌ࠍߪࠆ߆ߦਅ࿁ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇⎇ⓥ࠴ࡖ࡝࠹ࠖ࿅૕߆ࠄᓧࠆ⾗㊄ߣ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄ߇⎇ⓥክ⼏ળ߆ࠄᓧߚߢ޽ࠈ߁㊄㗵ߣߩᏅ㗵ࠍ⵬Ⴏߒ߹ߔ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޔߚ߹ޕ‬ડᬺ߆ࠄߩ෼౉ߦ㑐ߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ᄢડᬺ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺ෺ᣇߣߩ੐ᬺ߆ࠄᓧࠆ෼౉ࠍ
⠨ᘦߦ౉ࠇߡ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߩ⎇ⓥេഥ㊄ࠍ㈩ಽߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᄢቇ߇ડᬺ߆ࠄ㜞㗵ߩ෼౉ࠍᓧߚࠅߘߩઁߩ෼⋉ࠍᓧࠆᄾ⚂ࠍ⚿ࠎߛࠅߔࠆ႐ว‫ߪࠇߘޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ⵬ഥ㊄ࠍᷫ㗵ߔࠆߩߢߪߥߊ‫ࠈߒ߻ޔ‬Ⴧ㗵ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ਛ߶ߤߩᣇ‫⾰ޔ‬໧ࠍߤ߁ߙ‫ޕ‬⾰໧⠪㧠ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼వ↢ߩ⊒⴫ߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼㧞㧟ߦߟ޿ߡ‫⾰ޔ‬໧ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ࠬߩߎޕ‬࡜ࠗ࠼ߦߪ‫⛯⛮ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߦ߅ߌࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩഀว߇␜ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߘࠃ߅ޕ‬㧝㧜ᐕ೨߆ࠄ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩಽ㊁ߦ⾗㊄ࠍឭଏߔࠆߚ߼‫⛯⛮ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߩ৻ㇱߦ⾗
㊄ࠍ㈩ಽߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ಽ㊁ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏߇ዉ౉ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎߪ⑳ޕ‬ಽ
㊁ߦ㕖Ᏹߦ㑐ᔃࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᢎ⢒ࠍផㅴߔࠆߦ޽ߚߞߡ‫ߩߎޔ‬ಽ㊁ߦ૗ࠍᦼᓙߒߡ߅ࠄࠇ߹ߔ߆‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ಽ㊁ߪ‫ߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬࿾ၞ⽸₂ߣᷓ޿㑐ࠊࠅ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢ߽‫ޔ‬⍴ᦼߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦኻߒߡ޽ࠆ⒳ߩቇ૏ࠍઃਈߒߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄢㇱಽߪ⑳┙ߩᯏ㑐ߢ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᢙߪᷫዋߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎߪ⑳ޔࠄ߆ߔߢޕ‬ಽ㊁ߦᒝ޿㑐ᔃ߇޽ࠆߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼
ߏ⾰໧ࠍ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕߔߢࠅ߅ߣࠆ߾ߒߞ߅ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ৻ㇱߪ‫⛯⛮ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ߇ឭଏߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ో૕ߩ㧣㧑߇‫⛯⛮ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߢⴕࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ഀวߪ⚂㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ᄌേߒߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬⃻࿷‫⛯⛮ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ߇ឭଏߔࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦߟ޿ߡᄢⷙᮨߥ⷗⋥ߒࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆᦨਛߢ
ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᢎ⢒ߩ⾰ߩ⛽ᜬࠍ⏕଻ߔࠆᚻᲑࠍᬌ⸛ਛߢߔ‫⛯⛮ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ߇ឭ
ଏߔࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩഀวࠍ᜛ᄢߔࠆᣇᴺ߽ᬌ⸛ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿖ߩ৻ㇱߢߪ‫߁ߎޔ‬ߒߚࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߩ߶߁߇ᨵエᕈ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣢሽߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߆ࠄ㆙ߊ㔌ࠇߚ࿾ၞߢ߽ታᣉߢ
߈ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫৻ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ㇱߢߪ‫⛯⛮ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߣ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߣߩ㑆ߦᄢᄌㆡಾߥ㑐ଥ߇↢߹ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏ߦߟ޿ߡߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㚔ᨴߺߩߥ޿ᣇ‫⺑ߏߦޘ‬᣿ߒ߹ߔߣ‫ߩߎޔ‬ቇ૏ߪ ᐕߦዉ౉ߐࠇߚᣂߒ޿ቇ૏ߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧞ᐕߩୃቇᦼ㑆߇ᔅⷐߢ‫౒౏ޔ‬ㇱ㐷߹ߚߪ᳃㑆ㇱ㐷ߩ㓹↪⠪ߣߩᒝജߥߟߥ߇ࠅ߇․ᓽ⊛ߢߔ‫৻ޕ‬ㇱߩᢎ⢒ߪ‫ޔ‬ᢎቶߢߪߥߊ⡯႐ߢⴕࠊࠇ߹
ߔ‫ޕ‬ᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏߇ዉ౉ߐࠇߚᤨߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬㔛ⷐ߇޽ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ ᔨߔࠆჿ߽޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ߩੱ  ⚂ޔ‬ቇ↢߇ᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏ขᓧࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡീᒝߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ ޔ‬ᐕᧃ߹ߢߦߘߩᢙ
߇㧝㧜ਁੱߦ೔㆐ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᮡߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⥝ޕ‬๧ᷓ޿ߎߣߦ‫ޔ‬ᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏ߩ᝼ਈߦ߅
ߌࠆ⛮⛯ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߣ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩഀวߪ‫⚂ޔ‬ඨ‫ߩߎޕߔߢޘ‬ቇ૏ߩ㧡㧠㧑߇⛮⛯ᢎ⢒ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㧠㧢㧑߇ᄢቇ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߆ࠄ᝼ਈߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬Ყ₸ߪ߶ߣࠎߤᄌࠊࠆߎߣߪߥ޿ߣ੍ᗐߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏ߦ㑐ߒߡࠊ߆ߞߚ⥝๧ᷓ޿ὐߪ‫౏ޔ‬౒ㇱ㐷߿᳃㑆ㇱ㐷ߩᄢญ㓹↪⠪ߣදജߒߡߎߩቇ૏ࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆߎߣߪᲧセ⊛ኈᤃߢ޽ࠆߣ
޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߿ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇ⴕߞߡ޿ࠆข⚵ߺߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㓹↪⠪ߣߩ⚿߮ߟ߈ࠍ߽ߟߎߩቇ૏ࠍਛዊડᬺߣ㐿⊒ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⹜㛎ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍ┙ߜ਄ߍߡ޿
߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᄢቇߣਛዊડᬺߣߩ㑆ߩ⚿߮ߟ߈ࠍଦߔߚ߼‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬ᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏ߩ᝼ਈ
ߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᚢ⇛⊛㐿⊒⾗㊄ߩ৻ㇱࠍ೑↪ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼వ↢‫ᤨޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬㑆ߩㇺวߢᰴ߇ᦨᓟߩ⾰໧ߦߥࠅ߹
ߔ‫޿ߒⷫޕ‬ੑችవ↢ߩ⾰໧ࠍ߅ᢿࠅߔࠆࠊߌߦߪ޿߈߹ߖࠎߩߢ‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ੑች ⊥ ᐢፉᄢቇℂ੐࡮೽ቇ㐳㧔⎇ⓥᜂᒰ㧕࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯వ↢‫੹ޕߔ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬ᣣߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌఝ⑲ߥㅢ⸶߇߅ࠄࠇࠆߘ߁ߥ
ߩߢ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬వ↢ߦᱜ⏕ߦℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ߚߛߌࠆࠃ߁ᣣᧄ⺆ߢ߅⹤ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߪᐢፉᄢቇߩੑችߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢᄌ⾆㊀ߥߏᜰዉࠍ㗂߈߹ߒߡ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ૗߽࿾ၞ␠ળ╬ߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦᔕ߃ࠆߛߌߢߪߥߊߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ㐿⊒߿⊒ዷߩߚ߼ߦ߽ߞߣ
࡝࡯࠼ߔߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆߣߏᜰዉ㗂߈߹ߒߡᄢᄌ᦭ࠅ㔍޿ߢߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬వ↢ߩ‫ߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ߅⹤ߦߪోㇱ࡙࠾ࡃ࡯ࠪ࠹ࠖߣ޿߁⸒⪲ߒ߆૶ࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߖࠎ
ߢߒߚ‫ߪ⑳ޕ‬ᢎ⢒ቇࠍኾ㐷ߣߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߦߪ᭽‫․ޔߡߒ߹ࠅ޽߇࠼࡞࡯ࠖࡈߥޘ‬ߦ⑳ߪ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ┙႐‫┙ߩ࡯ࠪࡦࠚࠫࠗࠛ࡮ࡊ࠶ࡠࡌࠖ࠺࡮࡯ࡃࠗ࡟ߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬႐߆ࠄߏⷩߦߥߞߚᤨߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ޿߁ᤨߦ‫ࠖ࠹࠾ࡑ࡯ࡘࡅޔ߿ࠬࡦࠛࠗࠨ࡞ࡖࠪ࡯࠰߽ߟ޿ޔ‬ߣ޿߁ߩߪ㗡ߩਛߦߥ޿ߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣᕁ߁ߩߢߔ‫࡝ࠕ࠾ࠫࡦࠛޔࡦࠬࠖ࠺ࡔ࡮ࠝࠗࡃޕ‬ࡦࠣ‫ޔ‬ၮ␆⎇ⓥߥߤ‫ߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬ᄙߊߩࠪ࡯࠭ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆߣᕁ߁ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߢߪ߽ߞ
ߣ㊀ⷐߥ‫ߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬หߓࠃ߁ߦ㊀ⷐߥ࠰࡯ࠪࡖ࡞ࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬ߿ࠕ࡯࠻‫ࠤࡘ࠺ࠛߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߿ࡅࡘ࡯ࡑ࠾࠹ࠖߥߤ޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ┙႐‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߩߏឭ⸒ߩਛߢ‫ߘޔ‬
߁޿߁ಽ㊁ߩᄢቇߦߪߤ߁޿ߞߚߎߣࠍᦼᓙߥߐࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆ߣ‫ߩߤޔ‬⒟ᐲ‫ޔ‬㗡ߩਛߦߘ߁޿߁ߎߣࠍ⠨߃ࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆ߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ߅ુ޿ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼
ߏ⾰໧޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᴺߦవ┙ߞߡ⊒⴫ߐࠇߚหᐕߩ⊕ᦠߢߪ‫ߎߎޔ‬㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ߢೋ߼ߡߩߎߣߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߩ౏ᑼᢥᦠ߇ᄢቇߩᏒ᳃ߣߒߡߩ
ᓎഀߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ታߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿㊀ⷐߥὐߢߔ‫߫ࠇߺߡߞ⸒ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߩᓎഀߦታ⋉ࠍ㊀ⷞߔࠆᤨઍࠍㆊߏߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ⊒ዷߩߚ߼ߦሽ࿷ߒ
߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫᦭ޔ‬⢻ߥੱ᧚ࠍ㙃ᚑߔࠆߚ߼ߩሽ࿷ߢ‫ޔ‬ᢥൻ㕙‫␠ޔ‬ળ㕙ߩ⾗Ḯߢߪ޽ࠅ߹

ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᢙᐕ㑆ߩ௑ะࠍᝄࠅ㄰ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩࠃࠅ᏷ᐢ޿⽸₂ࠍੱ‫߇ޘ‬ౣ߮ℂ⸃ߒ㜞ߊ⹏ଔߒߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ⶄߚߞ޽ߦ⹤߅߹޿ߛߚޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᢙߩኾ㐷ಽ
㊁ߢⴕࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩ⑳ޕ‬೨છᩞߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻ࠕࡦࠣ࡝ࠕᄢቇࠍ଀ߦߣࠅ߹ߔߣ‫ޔ‬ߎߩᄢቇߪࠢ࡝ࠛࠗ࠹ࠖࡉ࡮࡜ࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍዉ౉ߒߚࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ᦨೋߩᄢ
ቇߢ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩᄢቇߢᦨᄢⷙᮨߩᢥ⧓ࡈࠚࠬ࠹ࠖࡃ࡞ࠍ㐿௅ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᢥቇ૞ຠߩ⻠⺒ߩߚ߼ߦ  ੱߩੱ‫߇ޘ‬ቯᦼ⊛ߦᄢቇߦㅢߞߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇߪలታߒߚࠕ࡯࠻
ࠡࡖ࡜࡝࡯ߣᄢⷙᮨߥࠦ࡟࡚ࠢࠪࡦࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩᄢቇ߇‫ޔ‬ห᭽ߩᣉ⸳‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬ᢥൻᣉ⸳‫ޔ࡯࡝࡜ࡖࠡޔ‬ඳ‛㙚ߘߩઁࠍᚲ᦭ߒ‫ߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬㐿᡼ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫޿ߩߎޕ‬ࠊࠁࠆࠨ࡯࠼࡮ࠬ࠻࡝࡯ࡓᵴേߩᄢᄌ⥝๧ᷓ޿ὐߪ‫⋥ޔ߫ࠊ⸒ޔ‬ធ⊛ߥડᬺߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅ߿⑼ቇᵴേߛߌߢߪߊ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ឭଏߔߴ߈޽ࠄࠁࠆ࡟ࡄ࡯࠻࡝࡯ߩ㐿⊒ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߦ㕖Ᏹߦᒝߊᅑബߒߚߎߣߢߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᵴേࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߇૶↪ߔࠆ⾗
㊄ߢ޽ࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟⾗㊄ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ᜂ߁ߎ߁ߒߚᢥൻ⊛ᓎഀࠍᡰេߔࠆⷐ⚛߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ᓟߦ↳ߒ਄ߍߚ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᜂߞߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬චಽߦ⹏ଔߐࠇߥ޿ߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߪߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ᄢቇ߇㓹↪ߒߡ޿ࠆੱ‫ޔߪޘ‬ቇᩞߩ⚻༡⠪ߢ޽ߞߚࠅࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕ࿅૕ࠍㆇ༡ߒߚࠅߒߡ޿ࠆੱ‫ޔ߇ߔ߹޿߇ޘ‬ᓐࠄߪㆬ᜼ߦ┙୥⵬ߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߩౝᄖߢ‫ࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬ᢥൻ⾗ᧄߣ๭߫ࠇࠆ⒳‫ߩޘ‬ᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡ‫ޔߪߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᄙ᭽ߥ⾗Ḯࠍឭଏߔࠆᄢቇߩሽ࿷߇ᰳ߆ߖ߹ߖࠎ‫ߒޕ‬ߚ߇ߞߡ‫⾰ߏޔ‬໧ࠍ޿ߚߛ޿ߚߎߣࠍሜߒߊᕁ޿߹ߔ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߩᓎഀࠍ⁜޿ታ೑⊛ߥⷰὐߛߌߢᝒ߃ߡ޿ࠆߣߪ‫߅ޔ‬⠨߃޿ߚߛ߈ߚߊߥ޿߆ࠄߢߔ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߩᓎഀߦ
ߟ޿ߡ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬ᷓߊᐢߊℂ⸃ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߪ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᱧผቇ⠪ߣߒߡ↳ߒ਄ߍߕߦ
ߪ޿ࠄࠇߥ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧮㧮㧯᡼ㅍࠍߏⷩߦߥࠇ߫‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߢߪ⇟⚵ߩᄢඨࠍ೙૞ߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߩߪᱧผቇ⠪ࠄߒ޿ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛వߩߏ⾰໧ߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ߌߛߟߣ߭ޔ‬ᜰ៰ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⽷ߪ⑳ޕ‬ോ⋭ࠍᑯ⼔ߔࠆߟ߽ࠅߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߇‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߣᣣᧄ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ࠞ࿖ߩ⚻ᷣ⁁ᴫߦߪᄢ߈ߥ㐿߈߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᚻరߩ࠺࡯࠲ߪዋߒฎ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧞ᐕ೨ߩࠊ߇࿖ߩ᡽ᐭௌോߩኻ㧳㧰㧼Ყ₸ߪ 㧑ߢߔ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ࠅ߹ߟޕ‬Ꮒ㗵ߩௌോࠍ⽶ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ᡽ᐭௌോߪࠊߕ߆ 㧑ߢ‫ޔ‬ਥⷐ࿖ߩਛߢᦨ߽ૐߊߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩௌോߪਥⷐ࿖ᦨ㜞ߢߔ‫ޕ‬᡽ᐭௌോ߇㧝㧜㧜㧑ࠍ⿥ㆊߒߡ޿ࠆ࿖ߪ㧞ߟ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߣࠗ࠲࡝ࠕߢߔ‫ࠕ࡝࠲ࠗޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ߪ㧝㧞㧜㧑ߦㆊ߉߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ᡽ᐭௌോ✚㗵ߪ 㧑߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⽷ޔߘߎࠄ߆ߔߢޕ‬ോ⋭ߪ੍▚೥ᷫߦ㕖Ᏹߦᾲᔃߢ᡹᠄⊛ߦߥࠄߑࠆࠍᓧߥ޿‫ߩߎޔ‬ὐࠍᜰ៰ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬

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޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽߆ࠄߩߏ⾰໧ߦᗵ⻢ߒ߹ߔ‫◲ࠄ߆ߜߚ⑳ޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬නߦ✚᜝ࠍߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫౒ޔߕ߹ޕ‬หมળߩᄢ㦮వ↢ߦၮ⺞⻠Ṷߩࠨࡑ࡝࡯ࠍ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
ᄢ㦮޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫⟵ߩ࡯࡝ࡑࠨޕ‬ോ߇޽ࠆࠊߌߢߔ߇‫᧛ᧁޔ‬వ↢ߩࠬࡇ࡯࠴ߪᭂ߼
ߡ᣿⏕ߢߏߑ޿߹ߒߡ‫ࠍ⿷Ⱜޔ‬ઃߌട߃ࠆᔅⷐߪߥ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߛߚޕ‬వ↢ߩ߅⹤ߪ࿖
ߩ⑼ቇᛛⴚ᡽╷ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄߩᄢቇߣ࿾ၞߣߩ㑐ଥࠍ⸃᣿ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᯏળߦ⑳ߪ߻ߒࠈ⥄ᴦ૕޽ࠆ޿ߪᄢቇ⥄૕ߩേ߈ߢᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ᦨㄭߩേะࠍߏ⚫੺ߒߡോ߼ࠍᨐߚߒߚ޿
ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߭ߣߟߪ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕‫߁߽ߪ࠻ࡦࡔࡃࠟ࡞ࠞ࡯ࡠࠅ߹ߟޔ‬એ೨߆ࠄᄢቇ߇࿾ၞᝄ⥝ߩ㊀ⷐߥᩭߦߥࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߪ⹺⼂ࠍߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ⺃⥌ߦኻߒߡߪߕߞߣᾲᔃߢ޽ࠅ
߹ߒߚ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߪ࿖┙ᄢቇߩ⺃⥌‫߇ࠇߘࠄ߆ࠇߘޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ࿎㔍ߥߩߢ‫┙⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇࠍ⺃⥌ߔࠆߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߥദജࠍ㊀ߨߡ߹޿ࠅ߹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬㧥㧜ᐕઍ߆ࠄ㗼⪺ߦߥߞߡ߈߹ߒߚߩߪ‫⥄ޔ‬ᴦ૕⥄૕߇ᄢቇࠍ૞ࠆߣ޿߁േ߈߇ᒝ߹ߞߡ߈ߚࠊߌߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧥㧜ᐕઍ߆ࠄ⃻࿷ߦ⥋ࠆ߹ߢ‫┙౏ޔ‬ᄢቇ‫ࠅ߹ߟޔ‬࿾ᣇ᡽ᐭ߇૞ࠅ߹ߒߚᄢቇߩᢙߪ߶߷୚ߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢ૕㧠㧜ᩞߊࠄ޿ߩᄢቇ߇ᣂߒߊߢ߈ߡ‫ޔઁߩߘޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ࠠࡖࡦࡄ
ࠬࠍ૞ߞߡ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬࿾ၞᝄ⥝ߩᩭߦߔࠆߣ޿߁േ߈߇ߏߑ޿߹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ㊀ⷐᕈߣ޿߁
߽ߩࠍ⥄ᴦ૕߇߹ߔ߹ߔ⹺⼂ߒߟߟ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩ੹߽߆ߒޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ࿎㔍ߥ⽷᡽⁁ᴫߩਛߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ᡽ᐭ┙ߩᄢቇ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ߩߪ߿ߪࠅᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈⃻⽎ߢߪߥ޿߆ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇ߆ࠄ㧞⇟⋡ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪᚢᓟߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ౣ✬ᚑߢ‫৻⋵৻ޔ‬࿖┙ᄢቇߣ޿߁ේೣߢ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩౣ✬ᚑࠍߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬⠨߃ᣇߩᩮᐩߦߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬࿖┙ᄢቇ߇ߘߩ࿾ၞߩ⍮⊛ߥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߦߥࠆ‫ᦨࠍߩ߁޿ߣࠆߥߦ࡞ࠢ࡯ࡆޔ‬ೋ߆ࠄ⸘↹ߦߪឬ޿ߡ޿ߚࠊߌߢߔ‫ޔߛߚޕ‬ߘߩᄢቇߪ߿ߪࠅ࠽࡚ࠪ࠽࡞࡮࡙࠾ࡃ࡯ࠪ࠹ࠖߢߔ߆ࠄ‫ⷰߥ࡞࠽࡚ࠪ࠽ޔ‬ὐ߆ࠄᄢቇߩ⊒ዷࠍ࿑ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߦᾲᔃߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળߣߩ㑐ଥߩᒝൻߣ޿߁ߎߣߪᲧセ⊛߅ࠈߘ߆ߦߒ
ߡߎࠄࠇߚߩߢߔ‫߇ࠇߘޕ‬ᴺੱൻએᓟ‫ޔ‬ᴺੱߣߒߡ⥄┙ࠍߔࠆ਄ߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળߣߩࡄ࡯
࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߣ޿߁ߩ߇ਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁⹺⼂߇㕖Ᏹߦⴕ߈ᷰߞߚߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᗧ๧ߢ‫޿ࠆ޽ޔ࠻ࡦ࠲࡞ࠨࡦࠦޔ࠭ࠖ࠹ࡆࠖ࠹ࠢࠕ࡮࡞ࠕࡘ࠴࡯ࡘࡒ࡮࡜࠻ࠬࠠࠛߥޘ⦡ޔ‬ߪࠝ࡯ࡊࡦ࡟ࠢ࠴ࡖ࡯࠭ߣ޿߁߽ߩ߇ᵴ⊒ߦⴕࠊࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬એ਄ߩ㧞ὐ߇੹࿁ߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩ࠹࡯ࡑߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ‫߇⑳ޔ‬ᣣ㗃ᗵߓߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢߏߑ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫ߎޔ‬ߩᯏળߦߏ⚫੺ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕߔ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫੹ߪߢޕ‬ᐲߪ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗ࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺߇⑳ޔ‬వ↢ߩ⻠Ṷࠍ✚᜝ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߩ૕㛎߆ࠄ‫ߩߎߚ߹ޔ‬දജࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߆ࠄ
ᄙߊࠍቇࠎߛߣ޿߁⹺⼂ߪ‫ޔ‬චಽߦવ߃ࠄࠇߚߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬వ↢ߪ‫߆࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔ‬ࠄߩᓮ㈩ᘦ߿᱑ㄫࠍᄢಾߦߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ࠍ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޔߪࠇߎޔ‬ㅢߓߡᒻᚑߐࠇߚ࠴࡯ࡓ
ߦ߅ߌࠆ੹ᓟߩදജߩ⦟޿ళߒߣߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬వ↢ߪ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷߇ㆀߍߚᄌ㕟ߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޔߪ⑳ޕ‬࿖ߪᄌ㕟ߩߐߥ߆ߦ޽ࠆߣ‫ߩߎޔߡߒߘޔ‬ㇱ㐷ߩ⊒ዷߩߚ߼ߦᣂߚߦቇ߮ታⴕߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ
޿ᄙߊߩὐ߇޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖߽⽷Ḯߩᄢ᏷ߥᷫዋࠍ⚻㛎ߒߚߣ޿߁ὐߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߦߪᄙߊߩ㘃ૃὐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⚻ߩߎޕ‬㛎߇ᓎߦ┙ߞߚߩߪ‫ࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯ࡌࡁࠗޔ‬ߩ᳓Ḱߩᒁ߈਄ߍߣ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭౝ߿ᄢቇౝㇱߢߩ෻⋭ߩᯏળߣߥߞߚߎߣߢߔ‫⃻ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿷ߢߪᣂߚߥ⾗㊄ߩᵹࠇ߇↢ߓߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬᝼ᬺᢱߣߒߡቇ↢߇⋥ធ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦឭଏ
ߔࠆ⾗㊄‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬ੑችవ↢߇ᄢቇߩᏒ᳃ߣߒߡߩ⽿છߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣ߿࿾ၞ␠ળߣߩឭ៤ߦࠃࠆ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ᄢቇߪᣂߚߥ⾗㊄⺞㆐ߩ㆏ࠍ⏕଻ߔࠆߎߣߦᚑഞߒ‫⚿ߩߘޔ‬ᨐ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖⚻ᷣࠍᡰ߃‫⧷ޔ‬࿖⚻ᷣߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߣ޿߁ᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥછോߩ৻ㇱࠍᨐߚߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⾗ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬㊄⺞㆐ߩᄌᦝߪ‫ޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦ‫ޔ‬ߘߒߡᏱߦ᡽⇛⊛ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ⾗㊄⺞㆐ߦ߅ߌࠆ᡽⇛⊛஥㕙ߪߣߡ߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢ߽߹ߛߥߔߴ߈ߎߣ߿⠨ᘦߔߴ߈ߎߣ߇ጊⓍߒߡ޿ࠆߪߕߢߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜ߇ߎࠇ߆ࠄജࠍ౉ࠇࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߩ߭ߣߟ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔߡߒߘޔ‬వ↢߇ᒝ⺞ߒߚࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩ߭ߣߟߪ‫ޔ‬௛ߊੱ‫ࠍ࡞ࠠࠬߩޘ‬㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߩᄢቇߦࠃࠆ⽸₂ߩ㊀ⷐᕈߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߣห᭽ߦੱญ߇ᷫዋߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߳ㅴቇߔࠆ㧝㧤ᱦੱญ߇ᷫዋߒ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩੱ‫߇ޘ‬ዞᬺߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⹺⼂ߒ‫ޔ‬௛ߊੱ‫ߦࠄߐߦޘ‬㜞ᐲߥࠬࠠ࡞ࠍឭଏߔࠆᣂߚߥᣇᴺࠍㅊ᳞
ߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫⃻ߪࠇߎޕ‬࿷ߩ⧷࿖࿖ౝߩᄌൻࠍ⑳ߚߜ߇⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒߚ⚿ᨐߢ‫ߒ߁ߎޔ‬ߚᄌൻߪ‫⊝ޔ‬᭽߽⚻㛎ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔߚ߹ޕ‬వ↢ߪ‫࠻࡯࡝ࠛޔ‬㓏⚖ߩᄢቇᢎ⢒߆ࠄ‫ߣߞ߽ޔ‬ᐢ▸ߥੱ᧚ߦ㐿߆ࠇߚ൮᜝⊛ߥᢎ⢒‫ࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᄢⴐൻߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ㔛ⷐߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㜞ߊ‫┹ޔ‬੎߽ଐὼߣߒ
ߡỗߒ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔࠅߪ߿ޔ‬ᣣᧄߣห᭽ߩੱญᄌേߩ⺖㗴ࠍᛴ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫⥄ߪߦߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ା߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔߚ߹ޕ‬వ↢ߪ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒⚻ᷣߩఝࠇߚᬺ❣ࠍ␜ߔ㜞ᐲߥ⛔⸘࠺࡯࠲ࠍ⚫੺ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᄢቇߩ㊀ⷐߥ⽸
₂‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ਇนᰳߥ⽸₂ߣ↳ߒ਄ߍߚ޿ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐߥ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡౕ૕⊛ߦ⺑᣿ߐࠇ߹ߒ
ߚ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ႐ว‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣౣ↢ߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯Ḯߢߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޕ‬వ↢߆ࠄਥⷐߥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇⚫੺ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ㇱߩᄢቇ߇ߥ޿࿾ၞߢߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬࿾ၞߩੱ‫ࠍޘ‬ᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߦᣂߚߥᄢቇࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬࠍ㐿⸳ߔࠆߎߣߢኻಣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߹ޕ‬ߚ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ଀ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㓹↪⠪ߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍჇᄢߒ‫ޔ‬㓹↪⠪߇᳞߼ࠆࠬࠠ࡞ࠍଏ⛎ߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣડᬺߣߩ㑆ߦ⦟ᅢߥ㑐ଥ߇᭴▽ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬వ↢ߩ⻠Ṷ߆ࠄ࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᄢቇߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍචಽߦቇ߮‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩਛᨔߣߥࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡᄢቇߣડᬺߣߩኻ⹤ࠍߐࠄߦ᜛ᄢߔࠆߚ߼ߩ⧷࿖ߢߩ
ข⚵ߺ߿‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩᣣᧄߩേะߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߒ⹤ޔ‬ว޿߹ߒߚ‫⻠ޕ‬Ṷߩᦨᓟߦ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬వ↢ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ࿾ၞߣߩߐࠄߦ✕ኒߥㅪ៤ࠍᦼᓙߔࠆߣㅀߴࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩἮบߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᒝ⺞ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ળ႐ߩ⊝᭽‫߅ޔߪߢࠇߘޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽߽߁ߤޔ‬ᤤߩભᙑߦ౉ࠅ߹ߔ೨ߦ‫ޔ‬ࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞㚢ᣣ೽ઍ⴫ߩ࡟࠭࡝࡯࡮ࡋࠗࡑࡦ᭽ࠃࠅඦᓟߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ
ߏ᩺ౝࠍ㗂߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࡟࠭࡝࡯࡮ࡋࠗࡑࡦ ࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞㚢ᣣ೽ઍ⴫
⊝᭽ߎࠎߦߜߪ‫⥝ޔߪᦺ੹ޕ‬๧ᷓ޿߅⹤ߣ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߎߢ◲නߦ‫ޔ‬ඦᓟߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡߏ⺑᣿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ඦᓟߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ‫࡮࡯ࠨޔ‬࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦᢎ᝼߇มળࠍോ߼ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬㧞ㇱ᭴ᚑߣߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߩࡗ࡯࠽࡮ࡊ࡯ࠞ᳁߇‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ࿾ၞ㐿⊒⽸₂ߦኻߔࠆ㧻㧱㧯㧰ߩᡰេߦߟ޿ߡ
⻠Ṷߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ඦᓟߩ╙㧞ㇱߪ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ㧞ߟߩ࿾ၞ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗߜࠊߥߔޔ‬ㇱߣࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ർ᧲ㇱ‫ߦ߮ࠄߥޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ㧞ߟߩᄢቇߣ࿾ၞ‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬ᐢፉߣർ਻Ꮊࠍⷞኤߒߚ‫ޔ‬㧞⚵ߩઍ⴫࿅ߩࠤ࡯ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖߢߔ‫੹ޔߪࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠹ࡦ࠯࡟ࡊߩߎޕ‬ㅳ‫ⷞޔ‬ኤ⸰໧߇⚳ࠊߞߡ߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇߚ߫߆ࠅߢߔ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ㇱߦߟ޿ߡߪ࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ᢎ᝼‫ޔ‬ᐢፉߦߟ޿ߡߪᚭ↰ᢎ᝼‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߦߟ޿ߡߪࠣ࡟ࠕࡓ࡮ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ
ᢎ᝼ߣ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯࡮ࠦ࡯࡞࠳࡯᳁‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߦߟ޿ߡߪદ⮮ᢎ᝼߇‫ߐ⴫⊒ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬ࠇ߹ߔ‫⇼⾰ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᔕ╵ߣ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩᤨ㑆߽චಽߦߏߑ޿߹ߔߩߢ‫߅ߊߒࠈࠃޔ‬㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ߙ߁ߤޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬ᤤ㘩ࠍ߅ᭉߒߺߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ด੹ࠃࠅભᙑߦ౉ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧝㧟ᤨ㧝㧡ಽࠃࠅౣ㐿޿ߚߒ߹ߔߩߢ‫ᤨޔ‬㑆߹ߢߦ߅Ꮸߦ
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ẎἴἙἾὊἑẏἇὊὉἙỶ὆ỵἕἛὉὁἚἏὅ ίἿὅἛὅ‫ܖٻ‬૙Ꮛᄂᆮ৑૙੉ὸ
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾࠨ࡯࡮࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦᄢቇᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼⊝᭽‫ޔߪߜߦࠎߎޔ‬ඦᓟߩㇱ߳ࠃ߁ߎߘ‫ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޕ‬ᄢቇᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲߩ࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ
࠻࠰ࡦߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬දജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ⊒⿷ᒰᤨ߆ࠄផㅴᆔຬળߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ࠍോ߼ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ
޿ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫╙ߩߎޕ‬㧟ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ߪ‫ߌࠊࠅߣޔ‬లታߒߚታࠅᄙ޿ౝኈߣߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᣣߩඦᓟߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߣᄢቇߣߩㅪ៤ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺞ᩏ߆ࠄቇࠎߛᚑᨐߦߟ޿ߡขࠅ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᐘ޿ߦ߽ᦨೋߦ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ▤ℂㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆ㧻㧱㧯㧰ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ㧔㧵㧹㧴㧱㧕߇ታᣉߒߚ‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥ࿖㓙⺞ᩏ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚ⠨ኤࠍ⊒⴫ߒߡ޿ߚߛߊߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫⴫⊒ޕ‬ߒߡߊߛߐࠆߩߪ‫▤ߩ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ℂߣ⚿ᨐߩಽᨆߦ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߐࠇߚࡗ࡯
࠽࡮ࡊ࡯ࠞ᳁ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡗ࡯࠽᳁ߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ಽ㊁ߩࡄࠗࠝ࠾ࠕߢ޽ࠆࡈࠖࡦ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩ࠻࠘࡞ࠢᔕ↪⑼ቇᄢቇߩ࿾ၞ
㐿⊒ࡑࡀ࡯ࠫࡖ࡯ߢ޿ࠄߞߒ߾޿߹ߔ‫ޔࠄ߆ߔߢޕ‬ၮ⺞⻠Ṷߩ߅⹤߇ᄢᄌᭉߒߺߢߔ‫ޕ‬ၮ⺞⻠Ṷߩ޽ߣߦ⾰⇼ᔕ╵ߩᤨ㑆߇ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫߅ߊߒࠈࠃߪߢࠇߘޕ‬㗿޿޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡗ࡯࠽࡮ࡊ࡯ࠞ 㧻㧱㧯㧰ࠕ࠽࡝ࠬ࠻
᧪ᣣߩᯏળࠍ޿ߚߛ߈‫ߏߣ࡞ࠪࡦ࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޕߔ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬೉Ꮸߩᣣᧄߩਥ௅⠪ߩᣇ‫ߦޘ‬ᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⊝᭽߆ࠄᄢᄌߦߏⷫಾߦߒߡ޿ߚߛ
߈‫ޔ‬ሜߒߊሽߓ߹ߔ‫ޔߦߢߔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᣣᧄߣࡈࠖࡦ࡜ࡦ࠼ߣߩ㘃ૃᕈߦߟ޿ߡ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲ
ᗧ⷗ࠍ੤ࠊߒߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫੹ޔ‬ᣣ߽ᓟߢߘߩᯏળ߇޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝‫ޤ‬੹ᣣߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߣ࿾ၞ‫ᦨ߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޔ‬ㄭታᣉߒߚ㧻㧱㧯㧰ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦߟ޿
ߡ‫ޕߔ߹߈ߛߚ޿ߡߖߐ⹤߅ޔ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞‫ޤ‬ᦨೋߦ‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߦߟ޿ߡዋߒ⚫੺ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߪ‫ޟޔ‬หߓ⋡⊛ࠍᜬߞߚ࿖ኅߩࠢ࡜ࡉ‫⃻ޕߔ߹޿ߡࠇࠊ⸒߽ߣޠ‬࿷ߩട⋖࿖ߪ㧟㧜ࠞ࿖ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄙ᭽ߥ⊒ዷㅜ਄⚻ᷣ߿⒖ⴕ⚻ᷣࠍ߽ߟ㧣㧜ࠞ࿖ߣදജߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߦ㧡ࠞ࿖ߩട⋖ࠍ⹺߼ࠆᣇ㊎߇⊒⴫ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔ࡞ࠫ࡜ࡉޔߚ߹ޕ‬ਛ࿖‫ޔ࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬ධࠕࡈ࡝ࠞ‫ࡀ࠼ࡦࠗޔ‬ࠪࠕߣߩ㑐ਈᒝൻࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߽ዉ౉ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߪ‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰߳ߩ㧞⇟⋡ߩ⾗㊄᜚಴࿖ߢߔ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰߆ࠄߘߩ㊄㗵ߦ⷗ว߁߽
ߩࠍ⊝᭽ߦᓧߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ㇱߪࡄ࡝ߦ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬⡯ຬߪ⚂  ੱ‫౏ޔ‬↪⺆ߪ⧷⺆ߣࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ⺆ߢ‫ޔ‬㧝㧡ߩ੐ോዪ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬⡯ോߪ‫ޔ‬Ყセ࠺࡯࠲߿ಽ
ᨆ‫੍ޔ‬᷹ࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫࡞ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣޔߡߒߘޕ‬ൻᤨઍߦ⑳ߚߜ߇ᛴ߃ࠆߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ໧
㗴ߦኻಣߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ฦ࿖᡽ᐭߣදജߒߡข⚵߻ߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟‫ޤ‬⑳ߪᢎ⢒ዪߦᚲዻߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔߣߔ߹ߒ↳ߊߒ⹦ߦࠄߐޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ▤ℂㆇ༡ࡊࡠࠣ
࡜ࡓ㧔㧵㧹㧴㧱㧕ࠍᜂᒰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ળ႐ߩᄖߦ‫ޔ‬㧵㧹㧴㧱ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎ߇↪ᗧߒߡ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩ❱⚵ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ળຬߦ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߛߌߢߥߊ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߽ෳടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ⃟ߒ޿ߎߣߢߔ‫⥝ߒ߽ޕ‬๧߇߅޽ࠅߢߒߚࠄ‫⾗ߙ߁ߤޔ‬ᢱࠍ߅ᜬߜᏫࠅߊߛߐ޿‫⑳ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ߚߜߦߏ㆙ᘦߥߊ߅዆ߨߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ળຬߪ‫ޔ‬ળ⼏߳ߩෳട⾌߇ഀᒁߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ዪ߇೙૞ߒߚߔߴߡߩ಴

‛߿ෳ⠨⾗ᢱࠍ౉ᚻߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧠‫ޤ‬ߎࠇ߇‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ਥߥᵴേߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᡷ㕟ࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩᣇ‫⥝ߦ․ޔߪޘ‬๧߇߅޽ࠅߢߒࠂ߁‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒෸߮㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩࠟࡃ࠽ࡦࠬ‫⽷ޔ‬ോ‫޿ߟߦ᧚ੱޔ‬ߡ⸛⼏ߒ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ⢻ജߩ᜛ᄢࠍ࿑ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧡㧘㧢‫ޤ‬⃻࿷‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒߇․ߦ㊀ⷞߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᓎഀߪ㊀ⷐᕈࠍჇߒߡ
޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ୃੌ⠪߇ᄙߊߩ࿾ၞߢჇടߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߪ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬ᵈ⋡ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬৻ㇱߩ࿖‫ߩߎޔߪޘ‬ὐߦ߅޿ߡ⪺ߒ޿ᚑ㐳ࠍㆀߍߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬ᵹࠇ߆ࠄขࠅᱷߐࠇߚ
࿖ኅ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧣‫ޤ‬ߎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩୃੌߦ㑐ߔࠆᲧセ࠺࡯࠲ߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ቇ჻࡟ࡌ࡞ࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩ₸ੌୃޕ‬ᄌൻߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ߦࠃߞߡᄢ߈ߥ㐿߈߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞޿᳓Ḱࠍ⛽ᜬߒߡ޿ࠆߩߪ‫☨ޔࠕ࡝࡜࠻ࠬ࡯ࠝޔ‬࿖‫ߩࡦ࠺࡯ࠚ࠙ࠬޔ‬㧟ࠞ࿖ߛߌߢߔ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߪᄢ᏷ߦિ߮߹
ߒߚ߇‫߇₸ੌୃߪߤߥࠦࠚ࠴ޔ‬ૐਅߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧤㨪㧝㧜‫ޤ‬ᢎ⢒߇୘ੱߦ߽ߚࠄߔ೑ὐߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㓹↪น⢻ᕈߩ਄᣹߿ᚲᓧߩჇട߇᜼ߍࠄࠇ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼㧥ࠍߏⷩߊߛߐ޿‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩୃੌ⠪ߣᧂୃੌ⠪ߩᲧセߢߔ‫↵ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᅚ೎ߩ࠺࡯࠲߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔߦ⥸৻ޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ട⋖࿖ߩ⚂ඨᢙߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ╬ᢎ⢒ࠃࠅ߽㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ߶߁߇᦭೑ߦߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߢ࡯࡝ࠟࡦࡂޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍୃੌߒߚ↵ᕈߪ‫ޔ‬ୃੌߒߡ޿ߥ޿↵ᕈࠃࠅ߽㧝㧡㧟㧑߽ᄙߊߩᚲᓧࠍᓧߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿖ኅߦߣߞߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߪ↢↥ᕈߩะ਄ߣ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧝‫ޤ‬ߘߒߡ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬㖧࿖ࠍ޿ߟ߽଀ߦ᜼ߍࠆߩߢߔ߇‫ ޔ‬ᐕઍߩ㖧࿖ߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ኅߩ⚻ᷣߣንߩὐߢࠕࡈࠟ࠾ࠬ࠲ࡦߣห᳓Ḱߢߒߚ‫⃻ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿷ߩ㖧࿖ߪ‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ട⋖࿖ਛ╙㧞㧜૏ߢߔ‫ޕ‬㖧࿖ߪ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߦ⩨ᄢߥᛩ⾗ࠍⴕߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᄙߊߪ᳃㑆ㇱ㐷߆ࠄߩᛩ⾗ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰↢ᓤߩቇ⠌೔㆐ᐲ⺞ᩏ㧔㧼㧵㧿㧭㧕ߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫ߩߎޔ‬ᛩ⾗߆ࠄ⚛᥍ࠄߒ޿⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩᄙ㗵ߩᛩ⾗߇ᅚᕈߦ߽೑⋉ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔࠃ߁ജࠍ౉ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ୃੌᓟߦዞ⡯ߒߥ޿ߎߣ߇ᄙ޿ᅚᕈߚߜߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߪ‫ޔ‬ᓐᅚߚߜ߇Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦ␠ળߦㅴ಴ߒ‫ޔ‬㖧࿖ࠍߐࠄߦ❥ᩕߐߖࠆข⚵ߺࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆߩ
ߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧞‫ޤ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇ੱ⊛⾗ᧄߩ㐿⊒ߦ߽ንߩഃᚑߦ߽㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔߎߣߪ‫⊝ߦߢߔޔ‬᭽ߦߣߞߡ᣿⊕ߥ੐ታߢ޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬࿾ၞ߿࿾ၞߩ┹੎ജߦߪߤߩࠃ߁ߥᓇ㗀߇޽ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧟㧘㧝㧠‫ޤ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߪ‫ᦨޔ‬ㄭ‫ޟޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂߳ߩᡰេ‫ߣޠ‬㗴ߔࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍታᣉߒ
߹ߒߚ‫ࠍ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎ߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ታᣉߒߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߩᡰេߦ޽ߚࠅ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍേຬߔࠆߚ߼ߦዉ౉ߐࠇߚᄙ᭽ߥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿖ߢ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒߚ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᧄᣣ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯⸘↹ߦߟ޿ߡુ޿߹ߒߚ߇‫ޟޔߪߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޔ‬ኾ㐷᜚ὐࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔߪߢࡦ࠺࡯ࠚ࠙ࠬޔߚ߹ޕߔ߹ࠅ޽߇ߩ߽߁޿ߣޠ‬‫ޟ‬࿾ၞᚑ㐳ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔޠ‬⧷࿖ߢߪ‫ޟ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᡷ㕟ၮ㊄‫ޕߔ߹ࠅ޽߇ޠ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߢߪ‫ޔ‬૗߇ലᨐ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬૗߇ലᨐ߇
ߥ޿ߩ߆‫ߪ࠻࠶࡝ࡔߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬૗ߥߩ߆ࠍ‫⷗ޔ‬ᭂ߼ߚ޿ߣ⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫ߒߘޕ‬ߡ‫⚻ߩߎޔߪ⊛⋡ߩߘޔ‬㛎ࠍㅢߓߡ᡽╷߿ታⴕߩᣇ㊎ࠍᒁ߈಴ߔߣߣ߽ߦ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߿ਛᄩ᡽ᐭߦ߽ᣇ㊎ࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣߢߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߢⶄᢙߩࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍㅢߓ‫⚳ᦨޔ‬ႎ๔ᦠࠍ૞ᚑߒߡ޿ࠆᲑ㓏ߢߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᚑᨐߪ‫ޔ‬㧥᦬ߩࡃ࡟ࡦ
ࠪࠕળ⼏ߢ⊒⴫ߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ࠍ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞౝߩኻ⹤ߩᯏળࠍឭଏߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦദ߼߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢᄌ㛳޿ߚߎߣߦ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ห჻‫ߚ߹ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߩ㑐ଥ⠪‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕‫ޔ‬ડᬺ㑐ଥ⠪߇⹤ߒว޿ࠍ߽ߞߚߩߪ‫߇ࠇߎޔ‬ೋ߼ߡߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧡‫ޤ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߪ‫࡯ࡘࡆ࡟ޔ‬ᵴേࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢࠃߊ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫࡮ࠕࡇ߽࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬࡟ࡆࡘ࡯ᣇᑼࠍណ↪ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߦ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐‫ޔ‬ડᬺ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߆ࠄᚑࠆ࿾ၞ
ࠦࡦ࠰࡯ࠪࠕࡓࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥࿾ၞߦࠃࠆ⥄Ꮖ⹏ଔ߇ⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰߇࿖㓙ࡇࠕ࡮࡟ࡆࡘ࡯࡮࠴࡯ࡓࠍᵷ㆜ߒ߹ߒߚ‫⾗ߪࡓ࡯࠴ߩߎޕ‬ᢱࠍಽᨆߒ‫ޔ‬ᒰ⹥࿾ၞߩᄙ
ߊߩੱ‫ߩߘޕߚߒ߹޿ⴕࠍ࡯ࡘࡆ࠲ࡦࠗߦޘ‬ᓟ‫ޔ‬ႎ๔ᦠߣ࿾ၞ߳ߩឭ⸒߇߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇ߹ߒ
ߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬ᄢ㊂ߩ⾗ᢱࠍ✚วႎ๔ᦠߣߒߡ߹ߣ߼ߡ޿ࠆߣߎࠈߢߔ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޕ‬⾗ᢱߪ‫౏ߢ࠻ࠗࠨࡉࠚ࠙ޔ‬㐿ߐࠇ‫߽ߢ⺕ޔ‬㑛ⷩߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧢‫ޤ‬ᧄᣣ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇ߇⇣ߥࠆᓎഀࠍᜂ߁ࠃ߁ߦᣣᧄ᡽ᐭ߇௛߈߆ߌߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡુ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߩข⚵ߺߦኻߒߔߴߡߩᄢቇ߇㑐ࠊࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ޿
߁⷗⸃ߦၮߠ޿ߡⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᵴേߛߌߢߥߊ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥဳᄢቇߦࠃࠆ⎇ⓥ߇࿾ၞߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦᓎ┙ߟ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ߽⸛⼏ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߐޕ‬ࠄߦ‫⾗⊛ੱޔ‬Ḯߩ㐿⊒ߦᵈ⋡ߒ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒߿ቇ⠌߇ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߣࠬࠠ࡞ߩߟߥ߇ࠅߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦ
ᓎ┙ߟߩ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡᦨᓟߦ‫␠ޔ‬ળ߿ᢥൻߩ⊒ዷ߅ࠃ߮ⅣႺߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈߦኻߔࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰὼߩߎߣߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᯏ㑐ߪ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚࠍၮ⋚ߣߒߚ࿾ၞᡷ㕟ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦᄢᄌⓍᭂ⊛ߢߒߚ‫⾗⊛ੱޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬Ḯ߿ขࠅ⚵ߺߩ޿ࠊࠁ
ࠆᢥൻ⊛‫␠ޔ‬ળ⊛஥㕙ߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ࠅ߹޽ޔ‬ᾲᔃߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞߩࠠࡖࡄࠪ࠹ࠖߪߤߩ⒟ᐲ߆‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߪታ㓙ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦ
࿾ၞߣㅪ៤ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩ߆‫৻ޔ‬ቯߩࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߪ޽ࠆߩ߆╬ߦߟ޿ߡ⷗ᭂ߼ࠃ߁ߣ
⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪߢ੹ޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊ߿ᐢፉᄢቇߩᣇ‫⧷ޔ߽ޘ‬࿖ߩᄢቇߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦ⹦ߒߊߥࠄࠇ
ߚߎߣߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߦߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒࿾ၞදળߣ޿߁⚵❱߇޽ࠅ‫ߩߎޔ‬⒳ߩ੐ᬺߦ৻
ቯߩࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓࠍឭଏߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧣‫ޤ‬ߎߩ࿾࿑ߪ‫੹ߪ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ᓟ߽⛮⛯ߐࠇࠆ੍ቯߥߩߢ‫ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊ࠻࠶ࡠࠗࡄޔ‬࠻ߣ๭߮ߚ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ߦ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ෳടߒߚ࿾ၞࠍ␜ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾࿑ߦߪᄢ߈ߥⓨ⊕ߩㇱಽ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߦߣߞߡᦨᄢߩⓨ⊕ㇱಽߪ‫☨ߊߥ߽ߢ߹߁⸒ޔ‬࿖ߣᣣᧄߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧤‫ޤ‬ߎࠇ߇ෳട࿾ၞߩ࡝ࠬ࠻ߢߔ‫ߦߎߎޕ‬ឝߍߚߔߴߡߩ࿾ၞߦߟ޿ߡߩ⺑᣿ߪ޿ߚߒ߹ߖ
ࠎ‫⸥ߦߎߎޔߛߚޕ‬タߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞ߇㕖Ᏹߦᄙ᭽ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦߏᵈ⋡ߊߛߐ޿‫߃ߣߚޕ‬߫‫ࡦࠝ࡟ࡏࠛ࠿ߩࠦࠪࠠࡔޔ‬Ꮊߩੱญߪ‫ޔ‬㧠㧜㧜ਁੱࠍ⿥߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޔ‬࠼ߩ࡙ࡌࠬࠠࡘ࡟ߪ㧝㧤ਁੱߢߔ‫߽ࡦ࠺࡯ࠚ࠙ࠬޕ‬หⷙᮨߢ‫߆ߒߟߣ߭ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߖ
ࠎ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬㊍ጊߦߪ㧞㧠ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߦߪᄢ߈
ߥ㓒ߚࠅ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬஗ṛߒߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞ߽޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬べㅴߒߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ෳടߒߚ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩߥ߆ߦߪ⑳┙ᯏ㑐߽޽ࠇ߫౏⊛ᯏ㑐߽޽ࠅ‫┙ޔ‬࿾ࠍ㊀ⷞߔࠆᯏ㑐߽޽ࠇ߫⎇ⓥဳߩᄢቇ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᄙ᭽ᕈߪ‫⥝߁ߘߞ޿ࠍ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬๧ᷓ޿߽ߩߣߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧥㧘㧞㧜‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ߦߢ߹ࠇߎߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬૗ࠍቇࠎߛߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ട⋖࿖߇਎⇇⊛ߥ┹੎ജࠍᓧࠆ਄ߢ‫⥄ޔ‬࿖ߩࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦᛩ⾗ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߎߣߪ᣿⊕ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬࿖ኅ࡟ࡌ࡞ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ߽ታ⃻ߐߖߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ‫⊛౏ޔ‬ᯏ㑐‫ޔ‬ડᬺ㑆ߩ޿ࠊࠁࠆਃ㊀ࠄߖࠎဳߩදജ૕೙ߦෳ
ടߒ‫ޔ‬Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦᵴേߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆਇนᰳߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వㅴ࿾ၞߛߌߦᭂᐲߦ㓸ਛߔࠆߣ‫⾗⊛ੱޔ‬Ḯߩᦨㆡߥᵴ↪߇ߢ߈ߕ‫␠ޔ‬ળࠦࠬ࠻ߩჇᄢࠍ

߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ട⋖࿖ߩᄙߊ߇㜞㦂ൻ␠ળߦ⋥㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ⃻࿷‫⊛ੱޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬⾗Ḯ߿ᅚᕈߩෳടࠍ߅ࠈߘ߆ߦߔࠆ૛⵨ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢㇺᏒ࿤એᄖߦዬ૑ߔࠆੱ‫ޘ‬ࠍ߅ࠈߘ߆ߦߔࠆࠃ߁ߥ૛ജ߽޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧝‫ޤ‬ߐ߈߶ߤ↳ߒ਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ᡽ᐭߪᛛⴚࡌ࡯ࠬߩࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦ㜞޿㑐ᔃࠍᛴ޿ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ࠍᚑ㐳ߩේേജߦォ឵ߐߖࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ᡽ᐭߩข⚵ߺ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ
޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਥߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ  ᐕߩᡷ㕟ߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ⥄ᴦᮭࠍᒝൻߒࠃ߁ߣ
ߔࠆ㑆ធ⊛ߥភ⟎߇ታᣉߐࠇߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ડᬺߣㅪ៤ߔࠆߚ߼ߩᨒ⚵ߺ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺ‫ߪߦࠄߐޔ‬ࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉࠍะ਄ߐߖࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ⹜ߺ߽ⴕࠊࠇߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪ
ࡦߢ⚫੺ߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᐢߊ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧞ߟߩᣇᴺߪ‫ࠖ࠹ࠕࠪ࠾ࠗߩဳ࡯࠲ࠬ࡜ࠢޔ‬ࡉߣࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߔ‫߇ߣߎࠆ޽ߢ⊛ᤨ৻ߪࡉࠖ࠹ࡦ࠮ࡦࠗߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᄙߊ‫ޔ‬᡽╷ߩ㊀ὐߪࡂࠗ࠹ࠢㇱ㐷ߦ⟎߆ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿖ኅ⚻ᷣߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ᄢᄌ⥝๧ᷓ޿ߎߣߢߔ‫ࠢ࠹ࠗࡂޔ߽ߩ߁޿ߣޕ‬ㇱ㐷߇߽ߚࠄߔᚑ㐳ߪᲧセ⊛ዊⷙᮨߢ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷‫ੱޔ‬ญߩ㧑ߪࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ↥ᬺߦᓥ੐ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧞‫ޤ‬⑳ߚߜߪ᭽‫ߥޘ‬࿖‫߿ޘ‬࿾ၞߢ⥝๧ᷓ޿Ყセ⺞ᩏࠍታᣉߒ߹ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞ
ߚߩߪ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥ߿ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߳ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ㑐ਈߦߪ‫ޔ‬ၮᧄߣߥࠆ㧠ߟߩᣇᴺ߇޽
ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߒߚ‫ᦨߩ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߩߎޕ‬ೋߩ࿐ߺߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬࿾ၞߦ߹ߞߚߊᣂߒ޿↥ᬺࠍഃᚑߔࠆߎߣࠍᜰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬਎⇇ฦ࿾ߩᄢቇ㑐ଥ⠪߿࿾ၞߩ㐿⊒ᜂᒰ⠪ࠍᾲਛߐߖࠆ߽ߩߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ข⚵ߺߩ໧㗴ὐߪ‫ޔ࡯ࠫࡠࡁࠢ࠹ࡁ࠽ޔ࡯ࠫࡠࡁࠢ࠹ࠝࠗࡃޔ‬ᖱႎㅢାᛛⴚߩ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯࡮ࠝࡉ࡮ࠛࠢ࠮࡟ࡦࠬ߇‫ޔ‬࿖ౝߩ⇣ߥࠆ࿾ὐ‫ࠆߥ⇣ޔ‬ኾ㐷᜚ὐߦᰴ‫ߦޘ‬⺀↢ߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫࡞ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣޕ‬ൻ߇ㅴ߻⚻ᷣߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߩߟߣ߭ޔ‬࿾ၞ߇ߎߩ⒳ߩಽ㊁ߩࠢ࡝࠹ࠖࠞ࡞࡮ࡑࠬߦ೔㆐ߔࠆߩߪ㕖Ᏹߦ㔍ߒ޿ߩߢߔ‫ߩߟߣ߭ޕ‬࿖ኅߦߣߞߡ߽ኈᤃߥߎ
ߣߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ߽ߞߣࡃ࡜ࡦࠬ߇ߣࠇߚ⷗⸃߇ᔅⷐߥ
ߩ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬㧞⇟⋡ߩ࿐ߺߪ‫ޔ‬ᄖㇱ߆ࠄ↥ᬺࠍᜬߜߎ߻ߎߣࠍᜰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ቇࠎߛ⧷࿖ߩർ᧲ㇱߩ੐଀߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߪᜬߜߎ߹ࠇߚᛩ⾗ߩ৻ㇱࠍ੹ߢ߽⛽ᜬߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊߩᣇ‫ߪޘ‬㧺㧱㧼㧭ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߿ᣣ↥‫⃻ߡߒߘޔ‬࿾ߩ⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡ⡊ߦߐࠇߚߎߣߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨᓟߩ㧞ߟߩ࿐ߺߪ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒ࿤ߢߪߥ޿࿾ၞߦߣߞߡᄢᄌ⥝๧ᷓ޿߽ߩߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᣢሽߩ↥ᬺߦ߅ߌࠆᣂ↥ᬺ߳ߩᄙⷺൻߣ‫ޔ‬ᚑᾫߒߚ↥ᬺߩࠕ࠶ࡊࠣ࡟࡯࠼ߩߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧟‫ޤ‬ࠬࡍࠗࡦߩ଀ࠍ߭ߣߟߏ⚫੺ߒ߹ߒࠂ߁‫↢ࠢ࠶ࡒ࡜࠮࡮࡞ࠗ࠲ޔߪߦ⋵ࡦ࡚࡝࠹ࠬࠞޕ‬↥ߩ⎇ⓥߢ⍮ࠄࠇߚࡂࠗࡔ㧝਎ᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾ᣇߪ‫ޔ‬ฎߊ߆ࠄ࠮࡜ࡒ࠶ࠢ↥ᬺߢ᦭ฬߢ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺࠍਛᔃߣߒߚ㕖Ᏹߦવ⛔⊛ߥ↥ᬺߢߒߚ‫ ޕ‬࿾రߩᄢቇߩᡰេࠍᓧߡ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߪવ⛔↥ᬺߩࡂࠗ࠹ࠢಽ㊁߳ߩォ឵ࠍᚑߒㆀߍ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߢߪ‫ޔ‬೽↥ᬺߩ⺀↢߿ᛛⴚ⒖ォ߇ታ⃻ߒ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚ߇ะ਄ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ਛዊડᬺࠍਛᔃߣߒߚ↥ᬺߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߢߪᄢቇߢߩ⎇ⓥᚑᨐࠍขࠅ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ߹ࠇߥߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢ߽ߎߩࠃ߁ߥߎߣ߇ㅴዷߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⡞߈߹ߒߚ‫ߣߞࠂߜޕ‬ฬ೨ࠍ⏕⹺ߒ߹ߔ‫᧲ޕ‬Ớ⷏ㇱ࿾ၞߢߪ‫ࠍࠢ࠶ࡒ࡜࠮ޔ‬ਛᔃߣߔࠆㇺᏒ⸘↹߇ㅴࠎߢ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ߪߺ⚵઀ߩߘޕ‬᭽ߦߣߞߡ߽
⥝๧ᷓ޿߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧠‫ޤ‬ߔߢߦߏሽߓߩࠃ߁ߦ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߪ‫ޔ‬ૐ޿ࠬࠠ࡞‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥᩰᏅ‫⴮ޔ‬ㅌߔࠆ↢↥᜚ὐߣ޿߁ὐ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㔍ߒ޿ዪ㕙ࠍㄫ߃ߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞߢߒߚ‫ߩઁߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬࿾ၞߣห᭽ߦ‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߩᄢቇ߽‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱᄢቇㅪ⋖ߣ޿߁ฬ⒓ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒࿾ၞදળࠍ⚿ᚑߒߡ޿߹
ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕߔ߹ࠅ޽߽ࠬ࠙ࡂࠫ࠶࡟ࡁߚߒ੺ࠍ❱⚵ߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇߩࠬࠠ࡞‫ޔ‬ኾ㐷⍮⼂‫ߩ߳࠻ࠬ࡝ࡖࠪࡍࠬޔ‬ડᬺߩࠕࠢ࠮ࠬࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߦ৻రൻߐࠇߚ⓹ญߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬⚵❱ߪ‫ޔ‬ኾ㐷⊛ߦㆇ༡ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬੐ᬺߪ㧞㧡㧑િ߮ߡ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߪ‫࡞ࠠࠬޔ‬ะ਄ߩಽ㊁ߦ߽ኻ⽎ࠍᐢߍࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧡‫ޤ‬ᰴߦ‫⾗⊛ੱޔ‬Ḯߩ㐿⊒ߢߔ‫ޕ‬㜞㦂ൻ␠ળ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ㧻㧱㧯㧰ട⋖࿖ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ੱޔ‬ญߩ㧟ಽߩ㧝ߪ‫߇࡞ࠠࠬޔ‬ૐ޿ੱ‫ߩߤޔߪࠇߎޕߔߢޘ‬࿖ߦߣߞߡ߽ᄢᄌ㊀ᄢߥ໧㗴ߢߔ‫߁ߎޕ‬ߒߚ໧㗴ߦ㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇ኻಣߔࠆߦߪ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ᣇᴺ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇⧯ᐕ਎ઍߩ࠾࡯࠭߳ߩኻᔕߦജࠍ౉ࠇ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩੱ‫޿ߡߒߦࠅߥߑ߅ࠍࡊ࠶ࠕ࡞ࠠࠬߩޘ‬ࠆࠤ࡯ࠬ߇ߒ߫ߒ߫⷗ฃߌࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫᦭ޔߚ߹ޕ‬⢻ߥੱ᧚ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦᒁ߈ઃߌ‫ߣ߉ߥߟޔ‬߼ߡ߅ߊ߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬໧㗴߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⡯႐૕㛎ဳቇ⠌ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߣ‫ߪߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬໧㗴⸃᳿ဳቇ⠌߽‫ޔ‬ቇ↢ߣ࿾ၞߩ㓹↪⠪ߣߩߟߥ߇ࠅࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔఝࠇߚᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹
ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧢‫ޤ‬ߎߎߢ‫ࠣ࡞ࡏ࡞࡯ࠝߩࠢ࡯ࡑࡦ࠺ޕߔ߹ߒ੺⚫ߏࠍ଀ߩߟߣ߭ޔ‬ᄢቇߢߪ‫ޔ‬ቇ⠌ߩ㧡㧜㧑ߪ໧㗴⸃᳿ဳߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ቇ⠌ߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿾ၞߩ㓹↪⠪ߣߩ  ઙ߆ࠄ  ઙߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇Ᏹᤨㅴⴕਛߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒ߹ߔ‫ߦ৻╙ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ቇ↢ߩ⠨߃ᣇߦᄌൻࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬㓹↪⠪ߦ߽ᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠆ߼ߣ߉ߥߟࠍޘੱޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆᣇᴺߥߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧣㧘㧞㧤‫ޤ‬ߎ߁ߒߚࠨ࡯࠼࡮ࠬ࠻࡝࡯ࡓᵴേߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ᦨߪ⑳ޔ‬ೋߦ࿾ၞߩࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߣੱ⊛⾗Ḯߩ㐿⊒ߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߒ߹ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫␠ޔ‬ળ‫ޔ‬ᢥൻ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧㗴ߦ߅޿ߡ߽ᨐ
ߚߔߴ߈ᓎഀ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߪ࡟ࡘࠠࠬࡌ࡙ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޕ‬࿖ౝߩ㧡ߟߩᚑ㐳᜚ὐߩ߭ߣ
ߟߢߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕઍߩೋ߼‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߢߩᄬᬺ₸ߪ㧞㧡㧑ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰᤨߩ࿾ᣇ᡽ᐭߣᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬⍮⼂㓸⚂ဳ⚻ᷣߦᛩ⾗ߔࠆߎߣࠍ᳿ᢿߒ‫ޔ‬㧱㨁߆ࠄេഥࠍฃߌߡᄙߊߩୃ჻⺖⒟ࡊࡠࠣ࡜
ࡓࠍ㐿⸳ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߡߒ߁ߎޕ‬࿾ၞߦ⍮⼂㓸⚂ဳ⚻ᷣ߇᭴▽ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ߩ᭴ㅧᄌൻߪ㕖Ᏹߦᕆㅦߢ޽ߞߚߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩੱ‫ޔߪޘ‬⍮⼂㓸⚂ဳ⚻ᷣߦ߅ߌࠆ⥄ಽߩㅴ߻ߴ߈㆏ࠍ⷗ߟߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬㐳ᦼᄬᬺ⠪߇↢߹ࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߘޕ‬ߎߢ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩ⡯ᬺᢎ⢒ᄢቇߪ‫઀ޔ‬੐ߩ޽ࠆ↢ᵴ߳ߣᚯࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬㧤㧜㧜ੱߩ㐳ᦼᄬᬺ⠪ߩ␠ળᓳᏫࠍᡰេߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߡ߼ࠊ߈ߪࠇߎޔߪߢࡓ࠹ࠬࠪߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޕ‬㛳⇣⊛ߥߎߣߢߔ‫␠ߪޘੱߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ળ⊛ࠦࠬ࠻ߩ᭴ᚑⷐ࿃߆ࠄ⣕ߒ‫ޔ‬⒢㊄ࠍ⚊߼‫␠ޔ‬ળߩ઀⚵ߺߦ⽸₂ߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ർ᧲ㇱߢߪ‫ޔ‬㧡ߟߩᄢቇ߇‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߳ߩࠕࠢ࠮ࠬࠍ᜛ᄢߔࠆᚻᲑߣߒߡ
ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ࠍ೑↪ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪ࡯ࠞ࠶ࠨޕ‬㐽㎮⊛ߥࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦ௛߈߆ߌࠆലᨐ⊛ߥᚻᲑߣߒߡขࠅ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ߡߒߣࠕࠖ࠹ࡦ࡜ࡏޔߚ߹ޕ‬ቇ↢ࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈ࠆߎߣ߽ߔ߫ࠄߒ޿ὐߢߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ߩߡߴߔޔߪߢࠦࠪࠠࡔޔ‬ᄢቇ↢ߪ㧠㧤㧜ᤨ㑆ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖᵴേߦᓥ੐ߒߥߌࠇ
߫තᬺߢ߈ߥ޿‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ᴺᓞ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ข⚵ߺߣߒߡߪ৻⒳ߩኅῳ㐳⊛‫ߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬ቭ௥ਥ⟵⊛ߥᣇᴺߣߺߥߐࠇ߇ߜߢߔ‫࡯࡟࠹ࡦࡕߩ┙⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ߩߘޔ‬࿾ၞ߇ᄌࠊࠅߟߟ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇߢߪߎߩข⚵ߺࠍᄢቇߩ․⦡ߩ߭ߣߟߣߒ߹ߒߚ‫┙⑳ߩߎޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫␠ޔ‬ળ੐ᬺߦࠃߞߡ
౉ቇ⠪߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧥‫ޤ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ߥࠢ࠶࡝ࡀࠚࠫޔ‬ᚑ㐳ࠍၮ⋚ߣߒߡᄙߊߩᵴേ߇ታᣉߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࡀࠚࠫޕ‬࡝࠶ࠢߥᚑ㐳ߣߪ⋆ᩱߩࠃ߁ߥᚑ㐳ߩߎߣߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫⥄ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬ὼߦ⊒↢ߒ‫ߦ․ޔ‬⸘↹ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᝂ᛬ߔࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣડᬺߩㅪ៤ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐⋧੕ߩㅪ៤ߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬૕♽⊛ߥࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߇ᰳᅤߒߡ޿ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ㅪ៤ߪ㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩ࿖ኅߪ‫ࠢ࠹ࠗࡂޔ‬ಽ㊁ߩදജߦജࠍᵈ޿ߢ޿߹ߔ‫⥄ࠇߘޕ‬૕ߪ૗߽ᖡ
޿ߎߣߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫⚻ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᷣߩ㧣㧜㧑ߪ੹߽ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬᬺ߇ᡰ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫࠹ࠗࡂޕ‬ࠢಽ㊁ߪ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߩᲧセ⊛ዊߐߥㇱಽࠍභ߼ߡ޿ࠆߛߌߢߔ‫⃻ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿷‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ലᨐࠍ਄ߍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ੱ⊛⾗Ḯߩ㐿⊒ߪ߈ࠊ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ଐὼߣߒߡ⧯޿਎ઍߛߌ߇㊀ⷞߐࠇ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬ዞഭߒߡ޿ࠆੱ‫߇⋡ߪߦޘ‬ะߌࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ࠕޕ‬ࠢ࠮ࠬߩ᜛ᄢ‫↢ޔ‬ᶦቇ⠌‫౏ޔ‬ᐔߐߩ໧㗴ߪ‫⺖ޔ‬㗴ߣߒߡฦ࿾ߢᶋ਄ߒߡ޿ࠆᮨ᭽ߢߔ‫ߚޕ‬ߣ߃߫㧻㧱㧯㧰ߢߪ‫ޔ‬⒖᳃ߩੱ‫ߣޘ‬ᓐࠄ߳ߩᢎ⢒ߦᵈ⋡ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⦟߈Ꮢ᳃ߣߒߡߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩᓎഀߪ‫ޔ߇ߚߒߢࠎߖ߹޿ߡࠇߐ⼂⹺ࠅ߹޽ߢ߹੹ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩᐩㄝࠍᚑߔਛዊડᬺ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ߩ᡽ᐭ‫ޔ‬ᒰዪߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣߩ㑐ଥᕈࠍ⷗ᭂ߼ࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟㧜‫ޤ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩⓍᭂ⊛ߥᵴേࠍ㒖ࠎߢ޿ࠆᄙߊߩ㓚ო߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿖ኅ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ㓚ო߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਛᄩ᡽ᐭ߇㓚ოߣߥࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ࠅ߹޽ޕ‬දജ⊛ߢߥ޿⋭ᐡ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ⥄ᴦᮭ߇㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩ⑳ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬Უ࿖‫࡜ࡦࠖࡈޔ‬ࡦ࠼ߩᄢቇ㑐ଥ⠪ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦߪ⥄ᴦᮭ߇޽ࠆߣ⸒޿߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫߿᧚ੱޔ‬㊄Ⲣ⾗↥ߦߟ޿ߡቢోߦ⥄↱ߥ᳿ቯࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪߢ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߩᑪ‛߽ᄢቇߩᚲ᦭‛ߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫⁁ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᴫߢߩ⥄ᴦᮭߣߪ૗ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޔߡ⷗ߦ⊛⥸ోޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇ߎ
ߩಽ㊁ߢⓍᭂ⊛ߦᵴേߔࠆߚ߼ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߪਇචಽߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߇ಽⵚߒߡ޿ߚࠅ‫⴮߇ࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ޔ‬ㅌߒߡ޿ߚࠅߔࠆ
ߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ㇱߩ࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᾲᗧ޽ࠆ⛔ᴦ⠪ߩሽ࿷߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐㑆ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞౝߢ߽ᄙߊߩ┹੎߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ㇱߩ࿖ኅߢߪ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒㇱߩ㐿⊒ߦᾲᔃߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿߹ߔ‫ޔ߇ࠇߎޕ‬࿾ၞߢขࠅᱷߐࠇߡ޿ࠆㇱಽ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ႐ว߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߦข⚵߻ⶄᢙߩᯏ㑐߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ
߹ߔ‫ࠆ޽ޕ‬࿾ၞߦߪ‫ޔ‬㧞㧜ߩᯏ㑐ߣ㧟㧜ߩ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᚢ⇛߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ߡߴߔޔࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬߇ቢోߦㅪ៤ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦߪ‫⿠ޔ‬ᬺኅ♖␹߇ᰳߌߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫߇࠻ࡦࡔࠫࡀࡑޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ޿޿ടᷫߥߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩข⚵ߺߣቇⴚ⊛ථ⿧ᕈߣ߇ኻ┙ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹
ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߪ‫ࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤߦߎߎޔ‬ᄢቇߩઍ⴫ߩᣇ߇ෳടߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ߞߡ‫߽ߡߣޔ‬ሜߒߊᕁߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬਎⇇৻ᵹߩᄢቇߢߪߎߩಽ㊁ߢߤߩࠃ߁ߥදജ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ߆‫ޔ‬ઍ⴫ߩᣇߩ߅⠨߃ࠍ߅⡞߆ߖ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔࠄ߆ࠇߘޕ‬୘ੱߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉߩᰳᅤ
߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ࠍࡉࠖ࠹ࡦ࠮ࡦࠗߦޘੱޔߒ߽ޕ‬ਈ߃ߥߌࠇ߫‫ߣߢ߹੹ߪޘੱޔ‬ห᭽ߩ߿ࠅᣇ
ࠍ⛯ߌࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟㧝‫ޤ‬᡽ᐭߦኻߔࠆឭ⸒ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞߩข⚵ߺࠍ㜞╬ᢎ⢒㑐ㅪߩᴺᓞߦ⋓ࠅㄟ߻ߎߣ
ߪ᦭ലߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ߢࠇߎޔࠎࠈߜ߽ޕ‬චಽߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߩ㑐ਈࠍ␜ߔߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ᄢቇߩ⥄ᴦᮭࠍᒝൻߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᢎ᝼ߩ⥄ᴦᮭ‫ޔ‬ቇ໧਄ߩ⥄ᴦᮭߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇⥄ࠄߩ㊄Ⲣ⾗↥߿⸳஻‫ߡ޿ߟߦ᧚ੱޔ‬᳿ቯࠍਅߔ
⥄ᴦᮭߢߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬૗ࠃࠅ߽‫┹߿࠼ࡦࠔࡈ࡮ࠕࠦޔ‬੎ജߩ޽ࠆࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉࡌ࡯ࠬߩ
⾗㊄ߥߤߩᒻߢ‫⾗ޔ‬㊄⺞㆐ߩࠗࡦ࠮ࡦ࠹ࠖࡉࠍឭଏߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᡽ᐭ߿࿖᳃ߪ‫ޔ‬࿖┙ᄢቇߛߌߢߥߊ⑳┙ᄢቇ߽฽߼‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߢ૗߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ
߆ࠍ⍮ࠆᮭ೑߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⵬ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ഥ㊄߇ታ㓙ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦᵴ↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ޔ‬ᚑᨐߪ਄߇ߞߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍᛠីߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᜰᮡࠍ⸳ߌ‫⚿ޔ‬ᨐࠍ⋙ⷞߔࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᰴߩ৻ㅪߩឭ⸒ߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪ߣߩ㑆ߩ✕ኒߥදജࠍଦߔߚ߼ߩታ↪⊛ߥౝኈߢߔ‫ޔߢߎߎޕ‬࿾ၞߩ೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪ࠍ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩࠟࡃ࠽ࡦࠬߦෳടߐߖࠆᔅⷐ߇
޽ࠆߣㅀߴߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬᡽ᴦኅߩߎߣߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦߥߓߺߣℂ⸃߇޽ࠅ‫ౕޔ‬૕⊛ߦ૗߆ነਈߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆੱ‫ޕߔߢߣߎߩޘ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟㧞‫ޤ‬࿾ၞ߿࿾ᣇᒰዪߦߣߞߡ‫ࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔ‬૕೙ࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆߎߣߪ㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬᳗⛯⊛ߢ‫ޔ‬ਥⷐߥ೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪߇ෳടߒ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀߦߟ޿ߡ⸛⼏ߔࠆ႐ߢߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇‫ޔ‬௛߈߆ߌߦ
ᔕ߃ࠆߎߣࠍ᳞߼ࠄࠇࠆߩߢߪߥߊ‫₸ޔ‬వߒߡ⊒ዷࠍਥዉߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇㗫❥ߢ޽ࠆ⁁ᴫ߇‫ޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߿ㇺᏒߩᚢ⇛╷ቯߦ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇ෳടߒ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᚢ⇛ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⹤ߒว޿
ߛߌߢߥߊታⴕߦ߽㑐ࠊࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ޕ‬㛳޿ߚߎߣߦ‫⺞߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᩏߒߚᄙߊߩ࿾ၞ
߿࿖ኅߢߪ‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬⒳ߩ⋧੕ឃ㒰ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߪ࿾ၞ㐿⊒ᚢ⇛ߦ㑐ਈߖߕ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߿࿾ᣇᒰዪ߽‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩㆇ༡ߦ߹ߞߚߊ㑐ਈߒߡ޿߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫⾗ޔ‬㊄ឭଏ‫ޔ‬ᛩ⾗‫ޔ‬េഥ㊄ߪ‫⚿޿ߒ߹ᦸޔ‬ᨐࠍᓧࠆㆡಾߥᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߣࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩ⊒ዷߦ೑⋉ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ౒หᛩ⾗ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢߔ‫߇ࠄࠇߎޔߪߩࠆߥߣ࠻ࡦࠗࡐޕ‬ᜬ⛯น⢻ߥᣇᴺߢታ
ᣉߐࠇࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޔߪߢࡄ࠶ࡠ࡯࡛ޕ‬㧱㨁ߩ⾗㊄ឭଏ߇‫ࠅߥ߆ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⍴ᦼࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻
ߩ⊒↢ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⾗ߚߒ߁ߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬㊄ឭଏߩᵴ↪ߣႎ๔૞ᚑߦ‫ޔ‬ᄙᄢߥᤨ㑆ߣഭജ߇⾌߿ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟㧟‫ޤ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦߪࠃߊ޽ࠆߎߣߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇૗ࠍߒߚ޿߆ࠍ᳿߼ࠆߩߪ୘ੱߩㆬᛯߢ
޽ࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿ߩߢߔ‫⥄ޕ‬ᴦᮭ߇㒢ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ႐วߢ߽‫ޔ‬ቇ㐳߿✚㐳߇ߘߩಽ㊁ߦⓍᭂ⊛ߢ޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦ࿾ၞߦᚑᨐࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ߇ߤࠇ߶ߤ࿾ၞߦ⽸₂ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍᄢቇߣ࿾ၞߩ೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪߇ᛠីߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣߪ⃟ߒߊ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߿ᄖㇱߣߩㅪ៤ߣ੹߹ߢߩ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡᦠ߈಴ߒ‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦኻᔕߒ
࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߦ⽸₂ߢ߈ࠆᄢቇߩ⢻ജࠍ‫⥄ޔ‬Ꮖ⹏ଔߒߡߺࠆߣࠃ޿ߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞᵴേߦ߅ߌࠆ᏷ᐢ޿⺖㗴ࠍขࠅ਄ߍࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ലᨐࠍ਄ߍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ
߈߹ߔ‫ߩߘޔߕࠇࠊࠄߣߦߌߛߣߎߩߟߣ߭ޕ‬ข⚵ߺ߇ᢎ⢒ߣ⎇ⓥߣ޿߁ਛᩭ⊛ߥࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍផㅴߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ޿߁੐ታࠍ⏕⹺ߒ߹ߒࠂ߁‫࠻ࡦࡔࠫࡀࡑޔߪߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬࠴࡯ࡓࠍ⸳ߌ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ࠍਥᵹߣߒߡ⚵ߺㄟࠎߛᄢቇౝߩ૕೙ࠍᢛ஻ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽
ࠅ߹ߔ‫⎇ޔߜࠊߥߔޔ࡯࠲࡯࠹࡝ࠪࠔࡈޔߚ߹ޕ‬ⓥ⠪ߦኻߒߡߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ડᬺ㑐ଥ⠪߿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩઍ⴫⠪ߣද⼏ߢ߈ࠆੱ᧚ࠍ㙃ᚑߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ੱ᧚ߣ⽷Ḯߩ▤ℂࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍᜬߟㄭઍ⊛ߥㆇ༡ㇱ㐷ߢ޽ࠇ߫‫ߩߎޔ‬⒳ߩᬺോࠍታᣉߔࠆ
ߎߣߪߐࠄߦ◲නߢߒࠂ߁‫␠ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ળߦචಽߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ࠅߪ߿ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇㜞ᐲߥࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ࠍⴕ߁⚵❱ߦߥࠄߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐㑆ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ⚵❱߽᦭ലߢߔ‫ߩޘੱ߽ߢ߹ߊ޽ߪࠇߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ㆬᛯߢߔ‫ޕ‬୘ੱߩ߿ࠆ
᳇ߣᾲᗧߦߘߩᄙߊ߇߆߆ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ႎ๔ᦠߪߔߴߡ‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ߩ࠙ࠚࡉࠨࠗ࠻ߢ౏㐿ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽߆ࠄ⑳߳ߩߏㅪ⛊ࠍ᱑ㄫߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧥᦬ߦࡃ࡟ࡦࠪࠕߢ࿖㓙⊒⿷ળ⼏߇㐿௅ߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧵㧹㧴㧱ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ࠪ
࠶ࡊߦ㑐ᔃࠍ߅ᜬߜߩᣇ‫ޔ‬ળຬߦߪഀᒁᢱ㊄߇ㆡ↪ߐࠇ߹ߔߩߢࠃࠈߒߊ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

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ࡗ࡯࠽ߐࠎ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦࠊ߆ࠅ߿ߔߊ൮᜝⊛ߥ⻠Ṷࠍ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫⻠ߩߎޕ‬Ṷߦ㑐ߔࠆ⾰໧ࠍ޿ߊߟ߆߅ฃߌߔࠆᤨ㑆߇ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޔࠎߐ࠽࡯ࡗޕ‬มળᓎߩ⑳߆ࠄᦨೋߦ
⾰໧ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ޿ߡࠃࠈߒ޿ߢߔ߆‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪ⑳ޕ‬࿾ၞߩ಴⊒ὐ߇ߐ߹ߑ߹ߢ޽ࠆߣ
޿߁੐ታߦ㛳߈߹ߒߚ‫⚻ޕ‬ᷣᵴേߩⷰὐ߆ࠄߺࠆߣ‫ߦߢߔޔ‬Ყセ⊛ᵴ⊒ߢ޽ࠆ࿖߽޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬߶ߤ߶ߤߢ޽ࠆ࿖߽޽ࠅ‫ߊߚߞ߹ޔ‬಄߃ಾߞߡ޿ࠆ࿖߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬಄߃ಾߞߡ޿ࠆ࿖‫ߦޘ‬߅ߌࠆ߽ߞߣ߽㊀ⷐߥ੺౉╷ߪ૗ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ㄭ㓞⻉࿖߿࿖ౝߩઁߩ࿾ၞ߆ࠄ⪺ߒߊㆃࠇࠍߣߞߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞ߇޽ࠆߣߔࠇ߫‫߇࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߦឭ⸒
ߔࠆᦨೋߩࠬ࠹࠶ࡊߪ‫ޔ‬૗ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ࡊ࡯ࠞ߹ߕ↳ߒ਄ߍߚ޿ߩߪ‫ࡦ࠰࠻ࡢޔ‬వ↢߇‫ޟ‬಄߃ಾߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ߚࠇࠊ⸒ߣޠ‬࿾ၞߪ‫ࠄߘ߅ޔ‬ߊ‫ޔ‬Ყセ⊛⦟޿⁁ᴫߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬࿾ၞߦߪಾㄼᗵ߇޽ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬వ߶ߤ↳ߒ਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫  ߪ࡟ࡘࠠࠬࡌ࡙ޔ‬ᐕઍೋ߼ߦਇᴫߦ⷗⥰ࠊࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄬᬺ₸ߪ㧞㧡㧑ߦ㆐ߒ߹ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߿Ꮢᒰዪߪ‫ޔ‬㕖ᏱߦⓍᭂ⊛ߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒ‫ࡦࠖࡈޔ‬࡜ࡦ࠼ߩઁߩ࿾ᣇߢߪⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ភ⟎ࠍ⻠ߓࠆࠃ߁ㄼࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪ࠼ࡦ࡜ࡦࠖࡈޕ‬㧱㨁᭴ㅧၮ㊄ߩᕲᕺࠍฃߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬᡽ᐭߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦᛩ⾗ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᒰᤨߪ‫ޔ‬࿎㔍ߥㆬᛯࠍߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߩߢߔ‫↥ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᬺ⇇‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ㑆ߦ‫౒ߚߒߣࠅ߆ߞߒޔ‬ㅢ⹺⼂߇⏕┙ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᓟ‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߪࡈࠖࡦ࡜ࡦ࠼ߢ
߽ᚑ㐳⪺ߒ޿ࠛ࡝ࠕߩ߭ߣߟߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߢߪ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬᳿ቯࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪ߽ߞߣ
㔍ߒߊߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޟޕ‬಄߃ಾߞߚ‫ޠ‬࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ಾㄼᗵ߇޽ࠇ߫‫ߩߎޔ‬⒳ߩᵴേࠍᚑഞߐߖ
ࠆࠃࠅఝࠇߚ㆏߇㐿߆ࠇࠆߣ⸒ߞߡ߽ࠃ޿ߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ೨೉ߩࠨࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯ߐࠎ‫⾰ߏޔ‬໧ࠍߤ߁ߙ‫ޕ‬ࠨࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮࡚ࠫ࡯ࡦ࠭ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ࠴࡯ࡓ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠕ࠼ࡃࠗࠩ࡯
ߎࠎߦߜߪ‫ޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩࠨࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮࡚ࠫ࡯ࡦ࠭ߢߔ‫ޔߪࠎߐࠞ࡯ࡊޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐㑆ߩㅪ៤ߩ㊀ⷐᕈߦߟ޿ߡ૗ᐲ߆߅⹤ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫ߎޔߪߢ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩࠎߐࠞ࡯ࡊޔ‬߁ߒߚㅪ៤૕೙ࠍᢛ஻ߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ޔ‬ᚑഞߔࠆߚ߼ߦ⠨ᘦߐࠇࠆ㊀ⷐߥ੐㗄ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ࠍ⸃⷗ޔ‬߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ߆‫ޕ‬ࡊ࡯ࠞߣߡ߽㔍ߒ޿⾰໧ߢߔߨ‫⺞ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ߽ߩߔ߹ߒ↳ߣޕ‬ᩏߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿾ၞߢ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߪㅪ៤ߢߪߥߊ┹੎㑐ଥߦ޽ࠆߩ߇Ᏹߛߞߚ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ታ㓙ߦ‫┹ޔ‬੎ࠍᅑബߔࠆߎߣ߇ᢎ⢒⋭ߩ᡽╷ߥߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ዉ౉ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߣ޿߃߫‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱ߿ߘߩઁߩ࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒࿾ၞදળ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿅૕߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦᯏ⢻ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߦ㑐ߔࠆ૗ࠄ߆ߩ⹏ଔߪⴕࠊࠇߡ߈ߚߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫ࠇߘޔ‬ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߿㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦࠃߞߡᄢ߈ߥ㐿߈߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߣࠢ࡯ࡑࡦ࠺ޔߪ࠼ࡦࠬ࡟࡯ࠛޕ‬ࠬ࠙ࠚ࡯࠺ࡦߩ࿖Ⴚߦ߹ߚ߇ࠆ࿾ၞߢߔ‫ޔߪߢߎߎޕ‬㧝㧠ߩᄢቇ߇ㅪ៤ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߆ߒޕ‬ߒ‫࠼ࡦࠬ࡟࡯ࠛޔ‬ᄢቇදળߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ㅪ៤ࠍផㅴߔࠆ㜞޿⢻ജߪᜬߞߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ߩߎޕ‬⒳ߩ
දജ㑐ଥߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ర߿࿾ၞߩ೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪ߩෳട߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫߇ޘੱߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬දജࠍᓟ᛼ߒߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߪߐࠄߦఝࠇߚᚑᨐࠍ਄ߍࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ᤨߤ߁ࠂߜޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬㑆߇᧪ߚࠃ߁ߢߔ‫࠯࡟ࡊߩࠎߐ࠽࡯ࡗޕ‬ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦኻߒ‫৻߁߽ޔ‬ᐲ߅␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ࠍࠫ࡯࠹ࠬޕ‬ᢛ߃ࠆᤨ㑆߇ዋߒ߆߆ࠅ
߹ߔ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ೋߩࠤ࡯ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖߩ⊒⴫ࠍḰ஻ߔࠆ㑆‫ޔ‬ળ႐ౝߢ߅ᓙߜߊߛߐ޿‫ޕ‬ἃὊἋὉἋἑἙỵ ᾀ ᾉ ỶὅἂἻὅἛிᢿể࠼޽ỉᙻ‫إݑ‬ԓỶὅἂἻὅἛிᢿ‫ܖٻ؏ע‬Ὁೞ᧙࠼޽‫ܖٻ‬
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾࠨ࡯࡮࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦᄢቇᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼ߘࠇߢߪ‫╙ߩ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬㧟ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ߦၮߠ޿ߡታᣉߐࠇߚ㧞⚵ߩⷞኤႎ๔ߦ⒖ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᤓᐕ㧞᦬ߩ੩ㇺࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߢ‫ޔ‬දജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ╙㧞ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ࠍ⚳ੌߒߚᤨߦ‫ޔ‬⑳ߚߜߪ㧞ߟߩਥⷐߥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ⋧੕ℂ⸃ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߚߎߣࠍᕁ޿಴ߒ߹ߔ‫ߟߣ߭ޕ‬ߪࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ࡟ࡌ࡞‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬࿖ኅ᡽╷ߩ࡟ࡌ࡞‫❱⚵ߪߟߣ߭߁߽ޔ‬㑆‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬ᄢቇ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߔ‫⃻ޔߊߥ߽ߢ߹߁⸒ޕ‬࿷‫ߦߢߔޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬චಽߦ⦡ᓀ⼾߆ߥ⛗ߦ╙㧟ߩ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ
ⶄ㔀ߥ⹺⼂ࠍട߃ࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߞࠃߦࠇߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ࠍ฽߻㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇‫ߘޔ‬ߩ࿾ၞߣ㑐ࠊࠅࠍᜬߟߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫⚿ߩߘޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᨐߦߟ޿ߡુ߁ߎߣߪ
ߣߡ߽ᭉߒߺߢߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߩࠤ࡯ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖߩ⊒⴫ߦߪ‫ޔ‬వ߶ߤ߽⊓႐ߐࠇߚࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ
࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇ೽ቇ㐳ߩ࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮ࡄ࡯࠮࡞వ↢ߣ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇ࿾ၞㅪ៤࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐳ߩᚭ↰ Ᏹ৻వ↢ࠍ߅ㄫ߃ߒ߹ߔ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߪߩࠆࠇࠄ߅ߦ߫ߘߩ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ㇱᄢቇදળ੐ോዪ㐳ߩࠨ࡞࡮ࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦඳ჻ߢߔ‫⊝ޔߪߢޕ‬᭽ࠃࠈߒߊ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ ࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇ೽ቇ㐳‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝‫ޤ‬ߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߪߢࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠹ࡦ࠯࡟ࡊߩߎޕ‬ㇱ࿾ၞ߇ᐢፉ࿾ၞߣ౒หߢ᭴▽ߒߚࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᚭ↰వ↢ߣ⑳߇౒หߢࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔߩߢ‫ߩ⴫⊒ޔ‬㑆ߦᏨࠍ⒖േߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ
߇‫ޕ޿ߐߛߊ⸃ੌߏޔ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞‫ޤ‬ߎࠇ߇ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߢߔ‫ᧄߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᒰߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍ⏕┙ߒߚߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ዋߥߊߣ߽‫࡯ࡖࠪ࠼࡯ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡂޔߪߢ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߩⷩߏޔ‬ᄢቇߢ‫↪߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᗧߒߚᦨೋߩᣣᧄᑼߩᤤ㘩ળࠍ⚳߃ߚ߫߆ࠅߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟‫ޤ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰‫ޔ࡞ࠪࡦ࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱‫ߡߒߘޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩ⊝᭽‫ޔ‬⋧੕⸰໧ࠍᡰេߒߡߊߛߐߞߚਔ࿾ၞߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩ⊝᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬ᔃ߆ࠄᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫⑳ޕ‬ߚߜߪ‫ߩ⌀ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ࿾ၞࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍ▽ߊߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫࡯࠴ߩߎޕ‬ࡓߪ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߩ⸰໧࿅‫ޔ‬ฬߠߌߡ‫ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗߡߒߘޔޠࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦ࡮࠻࡞ࡕ࡞ࠣࡦࠪޟ‬࠼᧲ㇱߩ㧠ฬߩᅚᕈߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ⸰໧࿅‫ޔ‬ฬߠߌߡ‫ޟ‬ᣣᧄ㈬ㇱ㓌‫ߢޠ‬᭴ᚑߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᱜ⌀ᱜ㌏ߩᣂߒ޿ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿෹ᖱߩ਄ߦ▽޿ߚߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢ⹦ߒߊ߅⹤ߒ߹ߔ߇‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬㊀ⷐߥᚑᨐߣߒߡ‫౒ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ㅢߩ೑⋉ࠍㅊ᳞ߔࠆ౒หࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍㅴ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆⶄᢙߩน⢻ᕈࠍ⏕⹺ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬෺ᣇߩ࿾ၞߦ೑⋉ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔᣂߚߥ⚻㛎ࠍ౒หߢ↢ߺ಴ߖࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߣ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧠‫ޤ‬ߎߜࠄࠍߏⷩߊߛߐ޿‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗ߇ࠇߎޕ‬ㇱߢߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߩࡄࡀ࡞ߪࠬ࠲ࡦࠬ࠹࠶࠼ⓨ᷼‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬వ↢߇߅⹤ߦߥߞߚౣ㐿⊒ࠛ࡝ࠕߩ࠹ࡓ࠭࡮ࠥ࡯࠻࠙ࠚࠗ߇⌀ࠎਛ‫ޔ‬ߘߒߡ‫ޕߔߢ࡯ࡖࠪࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤޔ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧡‫ޤ‬ߎߜࠄߪ‫ޔ‬㧝ం  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ߩᛩ⾗߇ⴕࠊࠇߚࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇߩᣂࠠࡖࡦ
ࡄࠬߢߔ‫ޕ‬ഃㅧߩਛᔃ࿾‫ޔ‬ቇ⠌ߩ႐ߣߒߡߩഃㅧ⊛‫ޔ‬ᢥൻ⊛ߥ↥ᬺ߳ߩ⑳ߚߜߩ⽸₂ࠍ␜ߔ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧢‫ޤ‬ߎࠇ߇‫ࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤޔ‬ᄢቇߢߔ‫ࡓࠞޕ‬Ꮉߢዊ⥱ߦਸ਼ߞߡ޿ࠆߩߪੑችవ↢ߛߣ޿߁ས߇
޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ߪ࠻ࡦࡔࠦߩࠄ߆⑳ޔ‬Ꮕߒប߃߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᚭ↰వ↢߆ࠄߩ߅⹤ࠍ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᚭ↰ Ᏹ৻ ᐢፉᄢቇ࿾ၞㅪ៤࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐳‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧣‫ޤ‬ߏ⚫੺ࠍ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߡ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߣᣣᧄߦ߅ߌࠆࠊߚߒߚߜߩදജ
ߩᚑᨐߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛߊߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬శᩕߦᗵߓߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߪ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߩߎޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߩ౮⌀ߢߔ‫⚂ޕ‬㧞㧜ᐕ೨ߩᐢፉᄢቇߩࡔࠗࡦࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬߪ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᏒߩਛᔃߦ޽ࠅ߹
ߒߚ‫ߩߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᓟ㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ࠍ߆ߌߡ‫ޔ‬Ꮢߩਛᔃㇱ߆ࠄ㧟㧜ࠠࡠ᧲ߩ᧲ᐢፉᏒߦ⒖ォߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬⒖ォߪ‫ޔ‬ㄭ㓞࿾ၞߩ␠ળ㕙‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ㕙‫ߡߒߘޔ‬ᢥൻ㕙ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄙᄢߥᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧤‫ޤ‬ߎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߪ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩᢎ⢒᡽╷ߣ࿾ၞ᡽╷ߣߩ㑐ଥࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫ࠕ࡟ࡉޕ‬᡽ᮭ߇  ᐕߦࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߒߚ߹ߐߦหߓᤨᦼߦ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ᡽╷ߣ࿾ၞ᡽╷߇ᣂߚߦࠬ
࠲࡯࠻޿ߚߒ߹ߒߚ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޕ‬వ↢߇⺑᣿ߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦߪ࠺ࠕ࡝ࡦࠣ࡮
࡟ࡐ࡯࠻߇಴ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ ޔߪ࠻࡯ࡐ࡟ߩߎޕ‬ᐕߩࡠࡆࡦ࠭ႎ๔એ᧪ߩᛮᧄ⊛ߥᢎ⢒ߦߟ޿ߡߩ⷗⋥ߒ‫ߩߘߡߒߘޕߔ߹޿ߡࠇࠊ⸒ߣޔ‬ਛߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ㐿⊒ਥ૕‫߫߃଀ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭ߥߤߣߩදജ‫ߦࠇߘߡߒߘޕߔ߹ࠅ߅ߡࠇࠊ⻭߇ߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬๭ᔕߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦ‫ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ㐿⊒౏␠߇ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ోࠬ࡝ࠡࠗޕ‬૕ߩਛߢ㧥ߟߩ࿾ၞߣࡠࡦ
࠼ࡦߦ߅޿ߡ㐿⊒౏␠߇⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔߌࠇߤ߽‫ߪߢߎߎޔ‬ಽᮭ⊛ߥข⚵ߺߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇㕖Ᏹߦᄢ੐ߥߎߣߢ޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧥‫ޤ‬ߎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߩᏀ஥ߦߏߑ޿߹ߔࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ⏕߆ߦ࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ߅޿ߡߩࡈࠔ
ࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣ࡮ࡏ࠺ࠖߢߔ‫౏ޕ‬ᑼ⊛ߦ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩਛߦ߅޿ߡߪ⻉‫ⷙߩޘ‬೙߿ᵈᢥࠍߟߌߥ޿‫ޔ߇ߔ߹ࠅ߅ߡࠇࠊ⻭ߦ߁ࠃ߁޿ߣޔࠆ޽ߢ࠼ࡦࠗ࡜ࡉࠅ߹ߟޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߪ‫⚵ޔ‬❱⊛ߦ࿾ၞߦ߅޿ߡߩ⋧⺣ᓎ‫ߡߒߘޔ࠻ࡦ࠲࡞ࠨࡦࠦޔ‬࿾ၞࠍ₸޿ࠆ࠴࡯ࡓߩᒻᚑ╬ߦᄢ
߈ߊ⽸₂ߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔ߫߃଀ޕ‬㧾㧰㧭‫ߩߘߡߒߘޔ‬ਅߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔ㧾㧿㧼㧔4GIKQPCN5MKNNGF
2CTVPGTUJKRU㧕‫ޔ‬㧾㧿㧼ߪ޿ࠊࠁࠆᛛ㊂‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚ‫ޔ‬ᛛ⢻ߦߟ޿ߡߩផㅴᲣ૕ߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ߎޕ‬ߩࠃ߁ߥߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ㐿⊒ਥ૕ߣ౒ߦදജߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠆ⷗ޔߦ․ޕ‬ߴ߈߽ߩߪ 5VTCVGIKE&GXGNQROGPV(WPFߣ޿߁߽ߩࠍᜬߞߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩᚢ⇛⊛ߥࠦ࡜ࡏ࡟࡯
࡚ࠪࡦ‫ߡߒߘޔ‬ᚢ⇛⊛ߥዷ㐿‫ߦߩ߽ࠆ޽ߩࠢࠬ࡝ߪߦᤨߡߒߘޔ‬ኻߒߡࠨࡐ࡯࠻ࠍⴕߞߡ
߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ᐕએ㒠‫ޔ‬㧟ం  ਁࡐࡦ࠼ߩ⾗㊄߇಴ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬㧝㧡㧜ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇േ޿
ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧝ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ᒰߚࠅ㧞㧜㧜ਁࡐࡦ࠼એ਄ߩ⾗㊄߇૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥ
ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩࠄࠇߎߡߒߘޕ‬ᄙߊߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦว⥌ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧜‫ޤ‬ߎߩ࿑ߪ‫࡯ࠖ࠺ࡦࠚ࠙ޔ‬వ↢ߣ⑳ߩว૞ߢߔ‫⺑ࠄ߆⑳ޕ‬᣿ࠍߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ߒ߹ࠇࠊ⸒ߣޔ‬ߚߩߢ‫⺑ޔ‬᣿ࠍߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔ‫߇ࡓ࠹ࠬࠪ࡮ࠣࡦࠖ࠺ࡦࠔࡈޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦࠢ࡝ࠕߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩ᡽ᐭߩਅߦ‫ޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߦ㑐ଥߔࠆ⋭ߣߒ߹ߒߡ‫&ޔ‬GRCTVOGPVQH'FWECVKQPCPF
5MKNNU㧔ᢎ⢒ᛛ⢻⋭㧕‫ޕߔߢ࠻ࡦࠗࡐߩߟ৻߇ࠇߎޔ‬એ೨ߦߪ㓹↪ಽ㊁߽㑐ࠊߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߒ
ߚ‫&ޔߡߒߘޕ‬GRCTVOGPVHQT6TCFGCPF+PFWUVT[㧔⾏ᤃ↥ᬺ⋭㧕‫߇ࠄߜߎޔ‬㧾㧰㧭ߣኒធߦ㑐ࠊࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ਛᄩ᡽ᐭߣࡄ࡜࡟࡞ߦ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߇ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞߦߪᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄢቇߦኻߒߡ㧾㧰㧭߇৻ቯߩࡈࠔࡦ࠺ࠖࡦࠣࠍⴕߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞߩ࡟ࡌ࡞ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ࠍࠬࡀࠫࡆޔ‬ዷ㐿ߔࠆ‫ߡ޿߅ߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᡰេࠍⴕ߁‫ޔ‬ߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߟ߈߹ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬㧾㧰㧭߇⋥ធ㑐ਈ⥌ߒ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇ߇࿾ၞߦ߅޿ߡ⁛⥄ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍᜬߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ߒߘࠬࡀࠫࡆޔ߇ߚߒ߹߈ᦠߣࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨߢߎߎޔ‬ߡࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦኻߒߡ⽸₂ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬᭴࿑߇ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩਅߦᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬᭴࿑ߩ߽ߣߢߎߩ㧾㧰㧭ߣ౒ߦಽᮭ⊛ߥⷞὐࠍᜬߞߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥข⚵ߺࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆᄢቇ߇ᄙ޿ߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ߎޕ‬ߩὐ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᄢ੐ߥὐ߆ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧝㧘㧝㧞‫ޤ‬߽߁㧝ὐ‫߇⑳ޔ‬ቇࠎߛὐߢߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߪ‫ߦࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࡟ࡏ࡜ࠦޔ‬㑐ࠊࠅ߹ߔ‫┵ޕ‬⊛ߦ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔߣ‫⊒߁޿ߣޔ߁ⴕࠍࠣࡦ࠴࠶ࡑߩߘޔࠅ޽߇࠭࡯ࠪߣ࠭࡯࠾ޔ‬ᗐࠍ⑳ߪᜬߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ࠇߘޔߣߎ߁޿ߣ޿ߥߪߢߌߛࠣࡦ࠴࠶ࡑߩ࠭࡯ࠪߣ࠭࡯࠾ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬߇ࠦ࡜ࡏ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩోߡߢߪߥ޿‫ޕ‬૗߇ᔅⷐ߆ߣ޿߁ߣ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦද௛ߒߡ‛੐ࠍ૞ࠅ਄
ߍࠆ‫ޔࠆࠁࠊ޿ޕ‬ਥ૕㑆ߩოࠍขࠅ㒰ߊߎߣ‫߇ࠇߎޔ‬ᄢ੐ߥࠎߛߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᒰೋߪߥ߆ߥ߆ℂ⸃߇ߢ߈߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ߩޘ⻉ߦߎߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬੐଀߇ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄙߊߩ੐଀
ߩ⺑᣿ࠍฃߌࠆߦߟࠇߡ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬ᓢ‫ߦޘ‬ಽ߆ߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ߽ᄌࠊࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍ߽ߞߡᄢቇ߇ᅤ૗ߦᄌࠊߞߡ޿ߊߩ߆‫ߪߟߣ߭߁߽ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇ㑆ߩද௛૕೙ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ᭴▽ߔࠆߩ߆‫ߪߡ޿ߟߦࠇߎޕ‬ᰴߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߢ߅␜ߒߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ‫ߦߎߎޔ‬౞ࠍᦠ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬Ꮐ஥ߦ‫ޔ‬6GCEJKPI‫ޔ‬4GUGCTEJ‫ ߡߒߘޔ‬5GTXKEGVQVJG
EQOOWPKV[‫ޔ‬ฝ஥ߦߪ‫ޔ‬5MKNNU‫ޔ‬+PPQXCVKQP‫ޔ‬%WNVWTGCPFEQOOWPKV[‫ߩߎޕ‬ਔ⠪ߩ㑆ߦ႐߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠅ‫ߩߎޔ‬႐ࠍᅤ૗ߦᒝൻߔࠆ߆ߦࠃߞߡ‫߇ࠣࡦࠖ࠺ࡦࠔࡈޔ‬ᬌ⸛ߐࠇࠆ‫ࠇߎޕ‬ࠄߦߟ޿ߡߩ୘‫ߩޘ‬ข⚵ߺߦߟ޿ߡߪࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ╬ߦ⹦ߒߊ಴ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ᤨޕ‬㑆ߩ㑐ଥ਄ഀᗲߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬+PPQXCVKQP ߹ߚ 5MKNNUߦኻߒߡ‫ߩޘ⻉ޔ‬ዷ㐿ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩ
ߢ޽ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ⺑᣿ࠍ㗂߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ㇱߦߪ㧝㧝ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇޽ࠅ‫ߜ߁ߩߘޔ‬㧤ߟߩᄢቇߣ‫ޔ‬㧟ߟߩࠞ࡟࠶ࠫ߇޽ࠅ‫ߩࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯ࠛࠪ࠰ࠕ߇ࠄࠇߘޔ‬ᒻࠍᒻᚑߒ‫ޔ‬ᄙ᭽ߥᄢቇ߇␠ળߦኻߒ
ߡද௛ߒߡࡔ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠍឭ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫␠ߡߒߘޕ‬ળߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦᔕ߃߁ࠆࠃ߁ߥ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩࡀ࠶
࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢൻ‫ޔ‬ද௛૕೙ࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ⚵߻ߩ߆‫ߦߐ߹ࠍߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ታ〣ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫ޟ‬KEQNNCDQTCVKQP‫ࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤߪࠇߎޔޠ‬ᄢቇߦ੐ോዪ߇ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ဳౖ߽ߤߥࠇߎޕ‬⊛ߥข⚵ߺ‫ߦ߁ࠃ߁޿ߣޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߦኻߒߡ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ᐢፉ࿾ၞߦኻߒߡᄢ߈ߥ⺖㗴ࠍឭ⿠㗂޿ߚߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߦ⠨߃߹ߔ‫࡯ࠖ࠺ࡦࠚ࠙ߪߢࠇߘޕ‬వ↢ߤ߁ߙ‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧟‫ޤ‬޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߦ⑳ߚߜ߇࿖ౝⷞኤߣ࿖ᄖⷞኤ߆ࠄቇࠎߛߎߣࠍ޿ߊߟ߆
߅⹤ߒࠃ߁ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⧷ޔߕ߹ޕ‬࿖஥߇ቇ⠌ߒᲣ࿖ߦᜬߜᏫࠈ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆᚑᨐࠍ߅⹤ߒ‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߣᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣࠍᏗᦸߒߡ޿ࠆ࠹࡯ࡑ‫ޔߦ౒߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޔ‬߹ߚߪ୘‫⋥ߦޘ‬㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ⺖㗴ߦߟ޿ߡขࠅ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ࠍߏⷩߊߛߐ޿‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇ߇ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦ⌀ߩࠕࠢ࠮ࠬࠍឭଏߒ
ߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦ‫ޔ‬ᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߢ߽ᐢፉᎿ⑼ᄢቇߢ߽‫ౕߩߘޔ‬૕⊛ߥ଀ࠍ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߦߐ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇࠍ㕖␹⹤ൻߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᣉ⸳ࠍࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦ㐿᡼ߒߡ޿ࠆ
ߩߢߔ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ታ㓙ߦ‫ޔ‬ቯᦼ⊛ߦታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬ࠷ࠕ࡯ߦ಴ળ޿߹ߒߚ‫⑳ޕ‬
ߚߜ߇ᤤ㘩ࠍߣߞߡ޿ࠆߣ‫߇ޘੱߩࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ᄢቇ⡯ຬ߿ቇ↢ߦᷙߓߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᤤ㘩ࠍߣߞߡ޿ߚߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇ߆ࠄ‫⎇ߩ߼ߚߩࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ⓥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߢߣߡ߽ߔ߫ࠄߒ޿
੐଀ࠍ⍮ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߢߪ‫ޔ‬Ფᐕ‫ࠄ߆ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬಴ߐࠇߚ⾰໧ࠍᄢቇ߇ขࠅ਄
ߍߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫⾰ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬໧ࠍี๧ߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩߚ߼ߦ‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᄢቇࠍઍ⴫ߒߡ‫ࠦޔ‬ࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩߚ߼ߦ‫ࠍࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߪߚ߹ޔ‬ઍ⴫ߒߡ⺞ᩏ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥߔࠆⶄᢙߩਥⷐࡊࡠࠫࠚ
ࠢ࠻ࠍㆬቯߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ࿁╵ߣߒߡ‫⚿ߩ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޔ‬ᨐࠍࠦࡒࡘ࠾
࠹ࠖߦዯߌ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ߆ࠄߩౕ૕⊛ߥ╵߃ࠍ᳞߼ࠆࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦᔕ߃ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰㧡ᐕ㑆ߢ‫ޔ‬Ფᐕ㧝㧜ઙ߆ࠄ㧝㧡ઙߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇ታᣉߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ߦ߆߶ߩߘޔ‬ᄢᄌශ⽎ᷓ߆ߞߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߛߌߢߥߊ࿾ၞ߽‫ߩߘޔ‬࿾ၞߩੱญ⛔⸘࠺࡯࠲ࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬಴↢₸߇ૐਅߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߣห᭽ߦ㧝㧤㨪㧝㧥ᱦߩᄢቇㅴቇᢙ߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ‫ߡ޿߅ߦ↢ੱޔߚ߹ޔ‬ஜᐽߥᦼ㑆߇િ߮ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇
ੱญߩ㜞㦂ൻߦᓇ㗀ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߽࿾ၞ߽ℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߔ‫ߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ℂ
⸃߇‫ੱޔ‬ญ⛔⸘࠺࡯࠲ߦኻᔕߒߚࠕ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ࡮ࡊ࡜ࡦߦߟߥ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒ
ߚ‫ޕ‬಴Ⓙ߉ഭ௛⠪ࠍ㓸߼‫઀ߩࡓࠗ࠲࡞ࡈޔߣߎࠆߔ✵⸠ޔ߼ߣ߉ߥߟޔ‬੐߿ᢎ⢒߳ߩᅚᕈߩᓳᏫࠍଦߔߎߣ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ዞഭ⠪ߩ߁ߜߩ㜞㦂⠪ߩࠬࠠ࡞ࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆߎߣߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬᣿⏕ߥ࠾࡯࠭߇⹺⼂ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ੱޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ญേะߦኻᔕߔࠆ⌕ታߥࠕ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ࡮ࡊ࡜ࡦ
߇╷ቯߐࠇߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߢ⑳ߚߜ߇ขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ࠆ‫ޔ߇⪲⸒߁޿ߣޠࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨޟ‬ᣣᧄߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߚߜߦో㕙⊛ߦฃߌ౉ࠇࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ߞߡ‫ᧄߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᒰߦሜߒߊᕁ޿߹
ߒߚ‫ޔߪ⺆↪߁޿ߣޠࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨޟߩߎޕ‬᏷ᐢ޿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖᵴേࠍឬ౮ߔࠆᄙ
ߊߩ႐㕙ߢ‫ޔ‬⡊ߦߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ࠍࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔߚ߹ޕ‬ኻ⽎ߣߒߚᢎ᝼ߦࠃࠆቯ
ᦼ⊛ߥ౏㐿⻠⟵߿ᄙߊߩ⎇ⓥ㑐ଥߩࠗࡌࡦ࠻ߥߤ‫߿ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ડᬺߦᬀ߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ
޿ࠊࠁࠆ‫⎇ޟ‬ⓥࠪ࡯࠭‫⺑ޔ߽ߡ޿ߟߦޠ‬᣿ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧠‫ޤ‬⑳ߚߜߩ⸰໧ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉߩᐔ๺⸥ᔨ⾗ᢱ㙚ࠍ⸰ࠇࠆᯏળ߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬਎⇇ߦ଀ߩߥ޿ᐢፉߩᱧผ⊛ㆮ↥ࠍ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒߡ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᐔ๺ቇߣᚢ੎ቇߦ߅ߌࠆ࿖㓙⊛ߥ⽸₂ߦࠃߞߡᐢፉᄢቇࠍ㓙┙ߚߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆ‫ߣޔ‬⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ᐔ๺ቇߣᚢ੎ቇࠍᐢፉᄢቇߩߔߴߡߩතᬺ↢ߦቇ߫ߖࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬หᄢቇߩතᬺ↢ࠍ㓙┙ߚߖࠆߎߣࠍᬌ⸛ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬ᄖㇱߩቇ↢߿⎇ⓥ⠪ߩ࿖㓙⊛ߥ⎇ⓥ᜚ὐߣߒߡ
ᄢቇࠍ૏⟎ߠߌࠆߎߣ‫ޔߡߒߘޔ‬࿖㓙⊛⹏ଔ߿⎇ⓥ⠪ߩ࿾૏ߩะ਄ߣ޿߁೽↥‛ߦߟ޿ߡᾫᘦߔࠆߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߣߜߚ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔ‬⠨ኤߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇߩ࿕᦭ߩᱧผ⊛ㆮ↥ࠍ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇࠍ㓙┙ߚߖࠆ⃻ታ⊛ߥน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߣ್ᢿߒ߹ߒ
ߚ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ⷞߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ኤਛ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦߐ߹ߑ߹ߥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߣߩ⌀ߩኻ⹤‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߳ߩࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߦ⸅ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬㜞ߊߘ߮߃┙ߜࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹
ࠖ߆ࠄ㆙ߊ㓒ߡࠄࠇߚ⽎‎ߩႡߦߚߣ߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇ߿⸰໧ߒߚ࿾ၞߩߘ
ߩઁߩᄢቇߢߪ‫ߩ⌀ߩ߳ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬㐿᡼߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߢߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ㜞ᐕ⠪ࠍౣᢎ⢒ߒߡᗧ᰼ࠍ㜞߼‫ޔ‬ᢎቶߩઃടଔ୯ࠍ㜞߼ࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇޽ࠅ‫࠾ࠚࡈޟߪࠇߎޔ‬࠶ࠢࠬᣇᑼ‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వ߶ߤ↳ߒ਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ታᣉߔࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻
ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦᧄᒰߦ⚿߮ߟ޿ߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ㄘኅߩੱ‫↢ߦ⥄⁛߇ޘ‬↥ߒߚ㘩ຠࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦਅߏߒࠄ߃ߔࠇ߫ㇺળߢߩ⽼ᄁ㊂ࠍિ߫ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆‫޿ߣޔ‬߁ὐߦ⌕⋡ߒߚㄘ᧛ㇱߢߩข⚵ߺ߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߣᐢፉᎿ⑼ᄢቇ߇ⴕߞ
ߚ⎇ⓥߩ߭ߣߟߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᨐ‛ࠍࠃࠅᣧߊᚑᾫߐߖᏒ႐ߦ಴⩄ߔࠆᣇᴺࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆ⑼ቇ⊛ߥ⺞ᩏ߽ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߒ
ߚ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᐢፉᎿ⑼ᄢቇ߇‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩડᬺߣធ⸅ߔࠆᯏળ߇޽ࠆ࿾రߩ㌁ⴕߣදജߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ᄢᄌ⥝๧ᷓ޿଀ࠍ⍮ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ‫ޔ‬㌁ⴕᬺ⇇ߩ⍮⼂ၮ⋚ࠍᵴ↪ߒߡ‫ޔ‬޿ߊߟ߆ߩ໧㗴ߦኻಣߔࠆᣇᴺࠍ⷗ᭂ߼ࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧡‫ޤ‬ߎߎߢਥⷐ໧㗴ߦ⒖ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ࠍࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄߩߜߚ⑳ޔߪࠄࠇߎޔ‬ㅢߓߡߐࠄߦㅊ
᳞ߒߚ޿ߣ⠨߃ߡ޿ࠆὐߢߔ‫ޕ‬వߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߢ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ੹ᓟ㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ᐕߢ⽷Ḯࠍ㧝ࡄ࡯࠮ࡦ࠻೥ᷫߔࠆߣ޿߁⹤߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⷗ߩߟߣ߭ޕ‬ᣇߣߒߡߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬೥ᷫߩ⚿ᨐ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥߇෼౉Ḯߩᄙ᭽ൻࠍᮨ⚝ߒ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭߩ⽷Ḯ߳ߩଐሽᐲ߇ૐਅߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆ
ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߇ផㅴߐࠇࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘߩᦨༀߩᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡ⑳ߚߜ߇⸛⼏ߒߚ㓙ߦ↢ߓߚᬌ⸛ߔߴ߈⇼໧ߩ߭ߣߟߪ‫ޔ‬᡽╷߿ᚻ⛯߈ߦ㑐ߔࠆᨒ⚵ߺߣߒߡቯ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ⃻࿷ߩ࡞࡯࡞ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߩᱜᒰߥࠕࠫࠚࡦ
࠳ߩ⸳ቯࠍน⢻ߦߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߣ޿߁ὐߢߒߚ‫ޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ᢎ⢒⺖⒟߿ᨒ⚵ߺ‫࡝ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡐޔ‬ࠝߪචಽߦᨵエߢ޽ࠆ߆‫ޕߔߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥ‫߁޿ߣࠬࡀࠫࡆޔ‬㧟ߟߩࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩᵹࠇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᢎ⢒ߩᨒ⚵ߺߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ડᬺ߿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦᔕ߃ߡ‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒⺖⒟ߩᡷᱜ߿ᄌᦝࠍኈᤃߦታ
ᣉߒߚࠅᣂߒ޿⺖⒟ࠍ㐿⸳ߒߚࠅߔࠆߎߣࠍ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߦߪ‫ޔ‬⍴ᦼࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⸳ߌߚࠅ‫৻ߩୃ⎇ޔ‬ㇱࠍ㧱࡜࡯࠾ࡦࠣࠍㅢߓߡ㔌ࠇߚ⡯႐ߢታᣉߒߚࠅߔࠆ⢻ജ߿ᨵエᕈ߇޽ࠆߢߒࠂ߁߆‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߩ࡞࡯࡞ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߦߎߩࠃ߁ߥน⢻ᕈࠍ⹺߼ߡ޿ࠆ
ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧢‫ޤ‬⎇ⓥ㕙ߢߪ‫ⷞޔ‬ኤߒߚᄢቇߢ⎇ⓥࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳߇㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷞߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦ㛳߆ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ߐࠄߦ⋧੕ߩㅪ៤ࠍᷓ߼‫ޔ‬ఝࠇߚ⎇ⓥ⢻ജࠍߐࠄߦ⊒ዷߐߖߡ࿖
㓙⊛ߥ࿾૏ࠍ₪ᓧߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ࠬࡀࠫࡆޔߪࠇߎޕ‬਄ߩ┹੎ജߩᒝൻߦᓎ┙ߜ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߩ⊝᭽߇⧷࿖ࠍ⸰໧ߒߚ㓙ߦ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞౝߢ⎇ⓥදജࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ଀
ߦ಴ળ޿߹ߒߚ‫࠼࡞࡯ࠖࡈࡦ࡜ࠢޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ഃㅧ⊛ߥᛛⴚߩಽ㊁ߢ‫ⴚ⧓ࠫ࠶࡝ࡁޔ‬ቇᩞߣදജߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫࠼࡞࡯ࠖࡈࡦ࡜ࠢߩ࡯ࡖࠪ࠼࡯ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡂޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇߣࡌ࠶࠼ࡈࠜ࡯࠼
ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬දജߒߡࡔ࠺ࠖࠞ࡞࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩᄢቇ㒮⺖⒟ࠍㆇ༡ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞࡌ࡯ࠬߢᄢቇ㑆ߩ⎇ⓥදജ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬දജߣࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ⎇ⓥࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ࠍᒝൻߔࠆᯏળ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍቇ߮߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫ޠࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨޟ‬‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ᣂߚߦขࠅ౉ࠇࠄࠇߚ⴫⃻ߢߔ߇‫ޔߪߢߎߎޔ‬ᄢቇߦኻߔࠆ᣿⏕ߥ࠾࡯࠭ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇߽ߞߣ⋥ធ⊛ߦᔕ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ޿߆ߣ޿߁ὐߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬⑳ߚߜߪ౒ߦ⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫⇼ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬໧‫ޔ‬ਛᔃߣߥࠆ࠹࡯ࡑߪ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩ࡞࡯࡞ߪᄢቇ߇㔛ⷐਥዉဳߦォ឵ߔࠆߎߣࠍ⸵ኈߒߡ޿ࠆ߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧣‫ޤ‬ߎߩ࿑ࠍߑߞߣ⷗ߡߺ߹ߒࠂ߁‫ߦߎߎޔߦ߁ࠃߩⷩߏޕ‬ᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߩఝࠇߚ੐଀ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߪ‫⎇ޔ‬ⓥ‫ޔୃ⎇ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄᄢቇߩ⢻ജࠍᩏቯߒ‫ޔ‬ડᬺߣࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥ⢻ജ߇޽ࠆ߆ࠍવ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࡒࠦޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߿ડᬺߣ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣߩኻ⹤߇޿ߊߟ߽޽ߞߚߎߣࠍ⏕⹺ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߜߚ⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬߇౒หߢ⺞ᩏߒߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ડᬺ߿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߆ࠄߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ߿ⷐᦸࠍ᜛ᄢߔࠆน
⢻ᕈ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦࠃࠅᄙߊࠍ᳞߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆน⢻ᕈߢߒߚ‫ࠄ߆ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޕ‬ડᬺ߳ߪ‫ޔ‬⾰໧߿ⷐᦸ߇߽ߞߣ㗫❥ߦነߖࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޟ߇ߜߚ⑳ߪࠇߎޕ‬㔛ⷐਥዉဳ‫ߣޠ‬๭ࠎߢ޿ࠆ߽ߩ‫ޔ‬㔛ⷐਥዉဳߩⷐᦸߩჇടߢߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫ࠍࠇߎޔ‬ታⴕߔࠆᦨༀߩᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᚭ↰వ↢߇ߘߩᣇᴺࠍᜰ៰ߒߡߊߛߐ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔߪࠇߘޕ‬ᯏ㑐߿ળ⼏ߦઍࠊߞߡ‫ޔ‬ਥⷐ໧㗴ߩᄙ᭽ߥᒰ੐⠪߇㓸߹ࠆ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼࠹࡯ࡉ࡞ߩᬌ⸛ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ਥⷐ໧㗴ߣߪ‫┹ޔࠅߚߞ޽ߢ࡞ࠠࠬޔ‬੎ജߩᒝൻߢ޽ߞߚࠅ‫ࠣࡦࠖ࠹ࠤ࡯ࡑޔ‬਄ߩ⺖㗴ߩᬌ⸛ߢ޽ߞߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ㅜ਄⚻ᷣߩᓇ㗀ߢ޽ߞߚࠅߔࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬໧㗴ࠍ‫ߩࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔ‬ᨒ⚵ߺߦขࠅㄟ߻ߩߢ
ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߚ‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬ᒰ੐⠪߇߭ߣߟߩ࠹࡯ࡉ࡞ߦ㓸߹ࠆߣ޿߁น⢻ᕈߪ‫߫߃ߣߚޔ‬ਥⷐߥࠬࠠ࡞ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㓙ߦ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ㇱ࠴࡯ࡓ߇⺞ߴߚ৻଀ߢߔ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆࡑ࠷࠳ߩ㊀ⷐᕈߪࠃߊ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߢߪ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߩ㧠㧞㧑ࠍࡑ࠷࠳ߦଐሽߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉ⋵┙ᄢቇ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᎿ⑼ᄢቇ߇දജߒߡ‫࠷ࡑޔ‬࠳ߩࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߦข⚵ߺ‫ࠍ࡯ࠔࡈࠝ࡞ࠣࡦࠪޔ‬ᬌ⸛ߔࠆ╬ߩน⢻ᕈ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫࠷ࡑޕ‬࠳ߪ‫ࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࠾ࠫࡦࠛޔ‬ᛛⴚߩᒝൻࠍᮨ⚝ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ߩࠣࡦࠖ࠹ࠤ࡯ࡑޕ‬ᣂ
ߚߥᚻᴺࠍតߒߡ޿ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ஜᐽߣ቟ోߦ㈩ᘦߔࠆᣂߚߥᣇᴺࠍᔅⷐߣߒߡ޿
ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔࠍߟߣ߭ߟߣ߭ߩ࠭࡯࠾ߚߒ߁ߎޔ߇࠳࠷ࡑޕ‬ฦᄢቇߣ୘೎ߦ⸛⼏ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߣߔࠇ߫‫ᤨޔ‬㑆ߩὐߢࡑ࠷࠳ߦߪᄢ߈ߥ⽶ᜂߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߦࠅࠊ߆ߩߘޕ‬ᄢቇ߇੕޿ߦㅪ៤ߒ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬⢻ജߦߟ޿ߡ⸛⼏ߒߡߪߤ߁ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޔ߫ࠇߔ߁ߘޕ‬ࡑ࠷࠳ߦ✚ว⊛ߥ࿁╵‫ࠍޠ࡯ࠔࡈࠝ࡞ࠣࡦࠪޟࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬ឭ␜ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫࠷ࡑޕ‬࠳ߪ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇ߆ࠄ㜞ᐲߥࠬࠠ࡞ࠍขࠅ౉ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᐢፉ
Ꮏ⑼ᄢቇ߆ࠄၮ␆⊛ߥ⎇ୃߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦኻߔࠆᡰេࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ߎࠇߪࡑ࠷࠳ߦߣߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߆ࠄࠪࡦࠣ࡞ࠝࡈࠔ࡯ࠍឭ␜ߐߖࠆߎߣߢ⥄␠ߩ┹੎ജࠍ㜞߼ࠆല₸⊛ߥᣇᴺߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧤‫ޤ‬ߎߩ౮⌀ߪ‫ߚߞ߽ߎ߈߭ߥ߁ࠃߩࡠࠗࠨޔ‬ᕁ⠨‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬දജࠍᅹߍࠆቅ┙ߒߚᕁ⠨ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߿ડᬺ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦᛂ⎕ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆߚ߼ߩࠗࡔ࡯ࠫߢߔ‫ޔߦߢߔޕ‬㜞ᐲߥᚢ⇛⊛࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ߭ߣߟߩ࠹࡯ࡉ࡞ߦ㑐ଥ⠪߇㓸߹ࠆน⢻ᕈߦߟ޿ߡ‫⊝߆ߟߊ޿ޔ‬᭽ߦ߅⹤ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧥‫ޤ‬⑳ߚߜ߇ᬌ⸛ߒߚ߽߁߭ߣߟߩಽ㊁ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩડᬺಽᨆࠍㅢߓߚᾫ✵ഭ௛⠪ߩ㔛ⷐ੍᷹ߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ඦ೨ਛߦ‫ޔ‬ฦ࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ․ቯㇱ㐷ߩ㊀ⷞߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ડᬺߩ዁᧪ࠍ⠨߃‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ડᬺߩవⴕ߈ࠍ੍᷹ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ߩߘޔ‬ડᬺߢㅴ߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ
ข⚵ߺࠍ⺞ߴߡ޿ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪડᬺߩ஥ߦ┙ߜ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ડᬺ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߥੱ᧚ࠍᔅⷐߣ
ߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ߆‫߇࡞ࠠࠬߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ᔅⷐߣߥࠆߩ߆ࠍℂ⸃ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ߒߘޕ‬ߡ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ડᬺಽᨆ࠺࡯࠲ࠍᣂߒ޿⺖⒟߿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦォ឵ߒ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߩ┹੎ജࠍᒝൻ
ߔࠆߚ߼ߦੱ᧚⸘↹ߩ╷ቯࠍᅑബߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬⡯႐ߢߩࠬࠠ࡞ߩᢎ⢒߿⎇ୃࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣࠍ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦᒝߊᦼᓙߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߪ‫ޔ‬ડᬺߩੱ‫߇ޘ‬ᄢቇߩୃ჻⺖⒟߿ᄢቇ㒮⺖⒟ߢቇ߱ߎߣߢ޽ߞߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ␠
ౝ⎇ୃ߇ᐢߊ᥉෸ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢ‫ޔ‬ળ␠ߢ⎇ୃࠍᜰዉߔࠆᜰዉ⠪ࠍᄢቇ߇㙃ᚑߔࠆᯏળߢ޽
ߞߚࠅߒ߹ߔ‫⊛⛯⛮ޟࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ኾ㐷ᢎ⢒‫ߣޠ‬๭߫ࠇࠆ⡯႐ߢߩቇ⠌߿⍴ᦼࠦ࡯ࠬࠍᄢቇ߇ታᣉߔࠆᯏળ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫߿ࠣࡦ࠾࡯࡜࡮࠼࠶ࠖ࠺ࡦ࡟ࡉޕ‬㧱࡜࡯࠾ࡦࠣࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈߹ߔ‫࡯ࡖࠪ࠼࡯ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡂޕ‬ᄢቇࠍ⸰໧ߒߚ㓙ߦ‫ߩߘޔ‬੐଀ߦߟ޿ߡ⺑᣿ࠍฃߌߚෳട⠪߽޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧜‫ޤ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ข⚵ߺ߇ᚑഞߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍߤ߁ߔࠇ߫⊛⏕ߦ⍮ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᵴേߩ⋙ⷞ߿ᵴേߩ৻ⷩ‫ޔ‬ታᣉᷣߺ߹ߚߪታᣉਛߩᵴേߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ࠍ⹤ߣࠈ޿ࠈ޿ޔ‬⡞߈߹ߒߚ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᵴേߩᓇ㗀ߩ᷹ቯߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ࠅ߹޽ޔ‬⡊ߦߔࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߖ
ࠎߢߒߚ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᵴേߩᓇ㗀ߪ‫ޔ‬᣿␜ߐࠇߚ࠾࡯࠭ߦᧄᒰߦኻᔕߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ᷹ቯ߇ᔅⷐߥ㗄⋡ࠍ᷹ቯߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᱜߒ޿ᣇᴺࠍ↪޿ߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߩߘޕ‬᷹ቯᣇᴺߪ‫⁁ߩߘޔ‬ᴫߦ߅޿ߡ᦭ലߥߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬૗ᐲ߆⹤ߒว޿߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᱜߒ޿ኻ⽎ࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆ
ߎߣ߽޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ㆡಾߢߥ޿ኻ⽎ࠍ᷹ቯߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠆࠃ߁ߢߔ߇‫ޔ߽ߡߒߦࠄߜߤޔ‬ᄙߊߩ᷹ቯ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢߪߘࠇ߶ߤ᷹ቯߪታᣉߐࠇߡ޿߹
ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߢߎߘޕ‬දജߒߡᧄᒰߦᔅⷐߥ᷹ቯࠍⴕ޿‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ขࠅ⚵ߺ߇ᚑഞߢ޽ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ૛࿾߇޽ࠆߣ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᚑഞߣߘߩ㆏ߩࠅߦߟ޿ߡ᡽ᐭߦવ߃ࠆߦߪ‫ޔ‬෩ᱜߢ౏ᱜߥ࠺࡯࠲
ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇߈ࠊ߼ߡ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣ⹺⼂ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢᄢᄌߔ߫ࠄߒ޿੐଀ࠍ⷗ߟߌ߹ߒߚ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬ᣣᧄߦṛ࿷ߒߡ޿ߚㅳߩᣂ⡞ߦឝタߐࠇߡ޿ߚႎ㆏ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ࿖ౝߩ޽ࠆࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉߢ‫ޔ‬㜞㦂⠪߇௛߈⛯ߌࠆߎߣ߇ஜᐽߦ෸߷ߔലᨐࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ᡽ᐭࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢߒߚ‫ࠇߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ࠄߩ᷹ቯၮḰߪ߈ࠊ߼ߡㆡᱜߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ㆡಾߥ㗄⋡ࠍ᷹ቯߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ߩࡉࠖ࠹ࠕࠪ࠾ࠗߩߎޔ‬ᓇ㗀߇ࡐࠫ࠹ࠖࡉߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍⵣઃߌߣߒߡ┙⸽ߒߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ߢߎߎޔ‬ᚭ↰వ↢ߦࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍᒁ߈⛯߈߅㗿޿ߔࠆߎߣߣߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᚭ↰‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧝‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪ㧢⇟⋡ߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వ⒟⑳߆ࠄ⺑᣿ߒߚὐߣ㊀ߥࠆ߆߽⍮ࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫߭ޕ‬ߣߟߪ‫ޟߔ߹ࠅ޽ߦߎߎޔ‬႐ߩᒻᚑ‫߁޿߁ߎޕߔߢߡ޿ߟߦ࠻࠶ࡐ࡮࡞ࠣࡦࠪޔޠ‬႐ࠍ૞ࠄߥߌࠇ߫޿ߌߥ޿‫ߩߘޔߡߒߘޕߔߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬႐ߦ߅޿ߡ౒ㅢߒߚ 2GTURGEVKXG‫ࠫࡆޔ‬࡚ࡦߣ߽⸒ߞߡ߽⦟޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߦ߆޿ࠍࡦ࡚ࠫࡆޔ‬ᒻᚑߔࠆ߆‫ޕ‬ᚒ‫ߩޘ‬࿾ၞࠍߤ߁ߔ
ࠆߩ߆‫⊒ߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ዷߩᣇะߦᜬߞߡ޿ߊߩ߆‫ߩߡ޿ߟߦࠇߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬วᗧᒻᚑߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡊ࡜ࠗࠝ࡝࠹ࠖ࡯‫ޔ‬ㆬᛯߣ㓸ਛߣ޿߁⸒⪲߽⸒߃ࠆ߆ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⃻ޔߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬࿷‫ߎޔ‬
ߎߢ 'UVCDNKUJOGPVߣ޿߁㘑ߦᦠ߈߹ߒߚ߇‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߦ߅޿ߡ߽࿾ᣇಽᮭ৻᜝ᴺߩᣉⴕᓟ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇಽᮭဳ␠ળ߳ߩᣇะᕈߣ޿߁߽ߩ߇ᮨ⚝ߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ㅪ㇌೙ߩ⼏⺰ߥࠅ‫ޔ‬⃻࿷േ޿ߡ޿ࠆᐢၞ࿾ᣇ⸘↹‫ޔ‬࿖࿯ᒻᚑ⸘↹ߣ⸒ߞߡ߽⦟޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߡ޿߅ߦߎߘޔ‬ߩ࿾ᣇࡉࡠ࠶ࠢන૏ߩᐢၞ࿤ߩ⸘↹ߩข⚵ߺ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬ᐢፉߥࠅ⷏ᣣᧄߦߟ޿ߡ㒢ࠇ߫‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ἑᚭౝᶏߦ߅޿ߡߩⅣႺ଻ోߩᴺᓞ߿⸘↹ࠍ㧟㧜ᐕ߱ࠅߦ⷗⋥ߘ߁ߣ޿߁ข⚵ߺࠍⴕߞߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޕ‬࿾రߦ㕖Ᏹߦኒ⌕ߒߚ⼏⺰ࠍⴕ߁ࠃ߁ߥ႐ࠍ૞ࠅ‫ߡߒߘޔ‬วᗧᒻᚑࠍ࿑ࠆ‫ߩߎߦ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ᄢቇߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ߿‫߹߈ᦠߣࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨߢߎߎޔ‬ߒߚ߇‫␠ޔ‬ળ߳ߩข⚵ߺߣ޿߁ߩ߇㕖Ᏹߦᄢ੐ߦߥߞߡߊࠆࠃ߁ߦᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧞‫ޤ‬ߎߎߢߪ‫࡯ࠖ࠺ࡦࠚ࠙ޔ‬వ↢߇⸒ࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫ߩࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈ࡮࡞ࡉ࡯࠹࡮࠼ࡦ࠙࡜ޔ‬ᒻ
ᚑ߇㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ߦߐ߹ޕ‬หᗵߢߔ‫࠼ࡦ࠙࡜ߩߎߡߒߘޕ‬㨯࠹࡯ࡉ࡞ߩਛߢߩᵴേ߇ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ
ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆‫ߩߘߚ߹ޔ‬ታ⃻น⢻ᕈߪߤ߁ߥߩ߆‫ߦߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ኻߒߡ⹏ଔ߇ਅࠅ‫౏ޔ‬౒ߥࠅ᳃㑆߆ࠄߩ⾗㊄ᛩ౉ߣ޿߁߽ߩ߇ᬌ⸛ߐࠇࠆ‫࠼ࡦ࠙࡜ߚߞ޿ߣޔ‬㨯࠹࡯ࡉ࡞ߢߩᵴേ
ߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍᜰ៰ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬૗ᐲ߽಴ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫࠳ࡦࠗޔ࠻ࠢ࡟ࠗ࠳ޔ‬ࠗ࡟ࠢ࠻‫ߩࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨޔ‬ᵴേߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫߇ߩ߽߁޿ߣ࠻ࡦࡔࠬ࠮ࠕޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᄢಾߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧟‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫࡯ࠖ࠺ࡦࠚ࠙ࠄ߆ࠇߎޔ‬వ↢ߣ౒ߦ੹ᓟߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㧞ᨎߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ࠍ߅␜ߒ޿
ߚߒ߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ೋߪ‫ޔߩ⑳ޔ‬ᣣᧄ஥߆ࠄߩⷞὐߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩ⺖㗴ࠍ␜ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪ⋡ߟ৻ޕ‬࿾ᣇಽᮭဳߩ␠ળߩታ⃻ࠍⷞ㊁ߦ߅޿ߡᢎ⢒᡽╷ߩ޽ࠅᣇߪߤ߁ߥߩ߆‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ᡽╷ߩ࿷ࠅᣇߪߤ߁ߥߩ߆‫ߟߣ߭߇ߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߣߒߡᜰ៰ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߣᕁ޿߹
ߔ‫ޕ‬ੑߟ⋡ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߩද௛⊛ߥᵴേߩข⚵ߺߩ઀ᣇ߆ࠄ‫ߩࠬ࡝ࠡࠗޔ‬ᣇ߆ࠄቇ߱ߴ߈ὐ߽
ᄙߊ޽ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆ߣ⠨߃‫੹ޔ‬ᓟߣ߽⛮⛯⊛ߦ౒ห⺞ᩏ‫౒ޔ‬หߩീᒝળࠍ⛯ߌߡⴕ߈ߚ
޿ߣᕁߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔ߇ߚߒ߹߈ᦠߦ߁ࠃ߁޿ߣࠖ࠹ࡆࠖ࠹ࠢࠕ࡮࠷࡯࡞ࠬ࡜ࠣߡߒߘޕ‬᭽‫ޘ‬ߥ࡟ࡌ࡞߿ಽ㊁ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬࿾㆏ߥᵴേ߇ᄢಾߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗߡߒߘޔ‬ㇱߣਛ࿖࿾ᣇ‫ߪߦࠄߐޔ‬ᐢፉ࿾ၞߣߩኒߥ੤ᵹ߿ឭ៤ࠍ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ߽⛯ߌߡⴕ߈ߚ޿ߣ޿߁ࠃ߁
ߦ⹿޿ว޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕߔ߹ࠅ߅ߡߞ⸒ߣޔ࠻ࠢ࡜࠻ࡦࠦޕ‬
ࡄ࡯࠮࡞

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‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧠‫ޤ‬޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߡߒߘޕ‬ㇱߦឭ␜ߐࠇߚน⢻ᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆ੹ᓟߦߟ޿ߡߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ਛ࿖࿾ᣇߣࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱߩ౒หߩਛᔃ⊛ᵴേߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᐔ๺ቇߣᚢ੎
ቇࠍតⓥߔࠆน⢻ᕈࠍ⷗಴ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬੤឵ቇ↢೙ᐲ߿ࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ߚ⑳ޔ‬ߜߦ੹ߔߋߦߢ߈ࠆߎߣ‫ߪޠࡦࠖ࠙࡮ࠢ࠶ࠗࠢޟࠆࠁࠊ޿ޔ‬ᄙᢙ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ߎޕ‬ࠇߪ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢‫ߡߒߘޔ‬዁᧪⊛ߦߪ␠ળੱ߽ኻ⽎ߣߒߚ⒖േน⢻ᕈ‫ޔ‬㓹↪น⢻ᕈࠍᒝൻߔࠆߚ
߼ߢߔ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ਔ࿾ၞߩኾ㐷ᛛⴚࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩਥⷐߥࠛ࡝ࠕߦ߅ߌࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽
࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬ක≮ࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ߣ⥄േゞࠢ࡜ࠬ࠲࡯ߢߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬వߦㅴ߻ߦߟࠇߡ‫ߪߣߎ߈ߴߔߥޔ‬ጊⓍߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧡‫ޤ‬߹ߣ߼ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛߊߣ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬㔛ⷐਥዉဳߩᗧ⟵ࠍតⓥߒߡ߈ߚࠃ߁ߦᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ડᬺ߿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦኻߔࠆߎ߁ߒߚኻᔕߦ㑐ߒߡ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߢᆎ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆข⚵ߺߩ৻ㇱࠍ౒᦭ߒ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬㔛ⷐਥዉဳ߳ߣᚑ㐳ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿾ၞߩኾ㐷ᛛⴚࠍ࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ೑↪ߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬೑ኂ㑐ଥ⠪ߦࠪࡦࠣ࡞ࠝࡈࠔ࡯ࠍឭ␜ߒߚࠅ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߦ߅ߌࠆ
㜞ᐲߥࠬࠠ࡞ߩ㔛ⷐࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢‫ޔ‬තᬺ↢‫␠ޔ‬ળੱߩࠬࠠ࡞ࠍᒝൻߒߚࠅߔࠆߎߣ߽‫ޔ‬น⢻ᕈߣߒߡ᜼ߍࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ઁޔߡߒߘޕ‬⠪߇ቯ߼ߚၮḰࠍㆡ↪ߔࠆߩߢߪߥߊ‫᦭ޔ‬ലߥࠕ࠮ࠬࡔࡦ࠻ၮḰࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩㅪ៤ࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߦߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒ߩ⺑᣿ߢ⡊ߦߐࠇߚߎߩ‫ࠆߔ┙⏕ࠍޠ࠻࠶ࡐ࡮࡞ࠣࡦࠪޟ‬น⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫⇼ޔߚ߹ޕ‬໧߿㑐ᔃࠍᛴߊᄙ᭽ߥᒰ੐⠪߇ቯᦼ⊛ߦ㓸߹ࠆ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼࠹࡯
ࡉ࡞߽㊀ⷐߢߔ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߡߒߘޕ‬ㇱߣਛ࿖࿾ᣇߩ⋧੕ߦ㑐ᔃߩ޽ࠆᒰ੐⠪ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫⋧ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᚻ߆ࠄቇ߱ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ⚻㛎ࠍ౒หߢ↢ߺ಴ߒ‫౒ߡ޿ߟߦࠇߘޔ‬หߢቇ߱ߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇น⢻ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞㧢㧘㧞㧣‫ޤ‬એ਄ߢ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ㅴ߼ߡ޿ࠆข⚵ߺߦߟ޿ߡ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ‫઀ޔ‬੐ߣ⎇ⓥ‫ߣࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ᄢቇࠍ᣿⏕ߦ⚿߮ߟߌࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬දജࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ߌ߫ࠃ޿߆ߣ޿߁ὐߦ㑐ߔࠆᜰ㊎ࠍߏℂ⸃޿ߚߛߌߚ߆ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱߩઍ⴫ߣߒߡ‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬ᚭ↰వ↢ࠍઍ⴫ߣߔࠆᐢፉ࿾ၞߦઍࠊߞߡ‫ߏޔ‬ᷡ⡬ࠍᗵ⻢ߒ‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޕߔ߹߈ߛߚ޿ߡߖߐੌ⚳ࠍࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶࠮ߩߎޔ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯వ↢‫ࠆ౉ߦࡓࠗ࠲࡯ࠖ࠹ߡߒੌ⚳ࠍࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶࠮ޔ‬೨ߦ޿ߊߟ߆⾰໧ࠍฃߌઃߌࠆᤨ㑆߇޽ࠆࠃ߁ߦᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⾰ߏߩ߼ߚߩ⹺⏕ޕ‬໧߿‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ߟߩⷞኤߦ㑐ߔࠆ⷗੐ߦ߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇߚࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߦኻߔࠆࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫⾰߇⑳ޔ‬໧ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᒰὼߩߎߣߢߔ߇‫࡯࠹ࡦ࠯࡟ࡊߩ߹޿ߛߚޔ‬࡚ࠪࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬‫ޟߣ߫ߣߎ߁޿ߣޠࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޟ‬࿾ၞ‫ޔ߇߫ߣߎ߁޿ߣޠ‬ห⟵⊛ߦ૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬෺ᣇߩࠤ࡯ࠬߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޟ‬࿾ၞ‫ޔߪޠ‬ᄢቇߣߩኻ⹤ߢࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠍઍ⴫ߔࠆ

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ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖߩ໧㗴ߪ‫߅߁ߤޔ‬⠨߃ߢߔ߆‫ޕ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞
⑳ߚߜߪน⢻ᕈࠍᜰ៰ߒߚߦߔ߉߹ߖࠎ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ߪࠇߎޕߔ߹ࠅ޽߇ࠬ࡯ࡍࠬߪߦߎߘޔ‬ᣂߚߥࠬࡍ࡯ࠬࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔࠕࠗ࠺ࠕߢߔ‫ߛ߹ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ၒ߼ࠆߴ߈ࠬࡍ࡯ࠬߪ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩᣇะߦേ߈ᆎ߼ߡ޿ࠆᄢᄌఝࠇߚࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉ߇޿ߊߟ߆޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫߆ࠇߎߛ߹ޔ‬ࠄ⺞ᢛߣදജ߇ᔅⷐߢߔ‫ޔࠎߐࡦ࠻ࡦ࡝ࡉޕ‬ᚭ↰వ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ᚭ↰
⑳߽หᗵߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࠨ࡞࡮ࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱᄢቇදળ੐ോዪ㐳޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ዋߒ⵬⿷ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫⊛౏ޕ‬ᯏ㑐ߩߎ߁ߒߚቯ⟵ߦ㑐ߔࠆ㊀ⷐߥὐߪ‫ޔ‬ᨵエᕈ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߿⋵‫ߪߦ߈ߣޔ‬࿾ၞߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߔߎߣ߽޽ࠇ߫‫․ޔ‬ቯ↥ᬺߩࠨࡊ࡜ࠗ࠴ࠚ࡯ࡦߩⷙᮨ߇⹤㗴ߦߥࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫ޔ‬೨࿁‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ߩਔᣇߩⷞኤߢ⑳ߚߜ߇⹤ߒวߞߚ㊀ⷐߥࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߪ‫▸ޔ‬࿐ߦߟ޿ߡ
෩ኒߦ㒢ቯߔࠆࠃ߁ߦᜰ␜ߔࠆᔅⷐᕈߢߪߥߊ‫߫ࠇߔ߁ߤޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦᦨㆡߥᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆‫ߣߚߞߛߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᨵエᕈߎߘ‫ޔ‬ᚑഞ߳ߩਇนᰳߥ
ࠞࠡߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦᚭ↰వ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ᚭ↰ታ㓙ߦ‫⚻ࠅߥࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߩߘޔ‬ᷣߩേ߈ࠍ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ⚿߮ߟߌࠆߎߣ߇ᨐߚߒߡߢ߈
ࠆߩ߆ߤ߁߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ߥࠎࠈ޿ޔ‬㕙ߦ߅޿ߡࡃ࡝ࠕ࡯߇޽ࠆ‫ࠍࠇߘޕ‬స᦯ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᄢ੐ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬ᄢቇߩࠬ࠲࠶ࡈߩᗧ⼂ᡷ㕟‫߇ߩ߁޿ߣޔ‬ᄢ߈ߊᜰ៰ߐࠇߚߣߎࠈߢߔ‫ࠇߎޕ‬એᄖߦ߽‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߩขࠅ߹ߣ߼ߩᲑ㓏ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩࡃ࡝ࠕ࡯߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍᜰ៰ࠍߐࠇߚߣߎࠈߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ߽ᄌࠊࠄߥߌࠇ߫޿ߌߥ޿‫ߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ߣࠍᒝ⺞ߐߖߡ㗂߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦભᙑߦ౉ࠆ೨ߦߘߩઁߦߏ⾰໧ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ߩࠄߜߘޔ޿ߪޕ‬ᣇߤ߁ߙ‫ޕ‬⾰໧⠪㧡
ᐢፉᄢቇߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦࠍ⡞߆ߖߡ㗂޿ߡ‫߇ߎࠈ߁ࠄ߆⋡ޔ‬ขࠇߚᐢፉᄢቇࠍ⷗ߖߡ㗂޿ߚࠃ߁ߥ᳇߇ߒ߹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌෳ⠨ߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ᗵỗ߽⥌ߒ߹ߒߚ‫࡞࠽࡚ࠫ࡯࡝ߩߎޔߢࠇߘޕ‬㨯࠺ࡌࡠ࠶ࡊࡔࡦ࠻ߣ޿߁ߩߪ߅ߘࠄߊࠗࠡ࡝ࠬߢߪ‫ࡦ࠼ࡦࡠޔ‬એᄖߩ࿾ၞࠍኻ⽎ߣߒߚ੐ᬺ
ߛߣ޿߁㘑ߦℂ⸃ࠍߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔߌࠇߤ߽‫ޔ‬ᄙಽࡠࡦ࠼ࡦߪ߽߁ᣢߦ⊒ዷࠍߒߡߒ߹ߞߡ
޿ࠆߩߢᔅⷐߪߥ޿ߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ߣߛߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߢࠇߘޕ‬ᄢቇ߇ࠛࡦࠫࡦߦߥߞ
ߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩળ␠ߣ߆࿾ၞ␠ળ߇ࡏ࠺ࠖ࡯ߦߥߞߡゞࠍ⿛ࠄߖࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬੐ᬺߛࠈ߁‫޿ߣޔ‬߁㘑ߦℂ⸃ߒ߹ߒߚߌࠇߤ߽‫ޔ‬ゞ߇⿛ࠆ‫ߊ⌕߈ⴕޔ‬వߣ޿߁ߩߪ૗ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ߅ࠄࠇࠆߩ
߆‫ߣ޿ߚ޿ુࠍࠇߘޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߩߘߦ․ߪࠇߘޕ‬࿾ၞߦ૑߻૑᳃ߩ↢ᵴߩ⾰߇‫ߢࠇߘޔ‬ߤߩ૏⦟ߊߥࠆߩ߆‫ⷰ߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߪߤߩࠃ߁ߦ߅⠨߃ߦߥߞߡ߅ࠄࠇࠆߩ߆‫ߣ޿ߚ޿ુޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ቱߒߊ߅㗿޿⥌ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦవ↢‫ࠄ߆ࠇߘޔ‬ᚭ↰వ↢ߩ㗅ߢ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ
߅ߞߒ߾ࠆߣ߅ࠅ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽ߇૗ࠍ㆐ᚑߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠍ⍮ࠆߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬ᒝᄢߥ⚻ᷣߩផㅴജߢ޽ࠆࡠࡦ࠼ࡦ߿ධ᧲ㇱߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⹺⼂ߒߡ޿ࠆߪߕߢߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬࿾ၞ⚻߽ᷣห᭽ߦᅢ⺞ߢߔ‫ࠇߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬߇⑳ߚߜߩࠧ࡯࡞ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ৻ຬߢ޽ߞߡ߽㧾㧰㧭ߩࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߢ޽ߞߡ߽‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ⚻ᷣߩ┹੎ജߩะ਄ࠍ⋡ᜰߒ‫ߩߡߴߔߪߡ޿߭ޔ‬ੱ‫↢ߩޘ‬ᵴߩ⾰ߩะ਄ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐࠍ〯߹߃ߚ਄ߢ㊀ⷐߥߩߪ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬㜞ᐲߥ෼⋉ᕈߣ❥ᩕߛߌࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥ޿ߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ߦࠄߐޕ‬ᐢ޿ⷞ㊁ࠍᜬߟᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪࠃߊࠊ߆ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬੐଀ߦߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᣇᴺߢኻᔕߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߚ߼‫੹ޔ‬ᣣߩඦᓟߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢవ߶ߤ⺑᣿߇޽ߞߚᨵエᕈߣᄌൻߔࠆᢥൻ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ታ⃻ߩߚ߼ߩ߭ߣߟߩᚻᲑߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߽‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ᣿⊕
ߢߔ‫ޕ‬
ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ
෺ᣇߩ࠴࡯ࡓࠍઍ⴫ߒߚ✚ว⊛ߥ߅╵߃ࠍ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ‫᧲࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ㇱߣᐢፉߩ࠴࡯ࡓߦ‫ߡ߼ߚࠄ޽ޔ‬ᗵ⻢↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޔߪߢޕ‬ᰴߩ࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦ߇ᆎ߹ࠆ㧟ᤨ㧝㧡ಽ߹ߢߦ‫߅ޔ‬Ꮸߦ߅ᚯࠅߊߛߐ޿‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޕ‬ἃὊἋὉἋἑἙỵ ᾁ ᾉ ỶὅἂἻὅἛ҅ிᢿể҅ʋ߸ỉᙻ‫ݑ‬ᚧբ῍߻‫࠘עئ‬ỆấẬỦ᭗ሁ૙ᏋᝡྂỆếẟề῍ỶὅἂἻὅἛ҅ிᢿ‫ܖٻ؏ע‬Ὁೞ᧙҅ʋ߸ࠊᇌ‫ܖٻ‬
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾࠨ࡯࡮࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦᄢቇᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼⊝᭽‫ޔ‬㧞⇟⋡ߩࠤ࡯ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖߦࠃ߁ߎߘ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞߣർ਻Ꮊߩࠤ࡯
ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖࠍ⊒⴫ߒߡߊߛߐࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬દ⮮ஜ৻ᢎ᝼ߣࠣ࡟ࠕࡓ࡮ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦᢎ᝼ߢߔ‫ޕ‬દ⮮వ↢ߪർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇᢎ᝼‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋޔ‬వ↢ߪ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޔ‬ᄢቇቇ㐳ߢ޿ࠄߞߒ
߾޿߹ߔ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ߩ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯࡮ࠦ࡯࡞࠳࡯᳁߽ෳടߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫߅ߊߒࠈࠃޔ‬㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬દ⮮ஜ৻ ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇ࿖㓙ᢎ⢒੤ᵹ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐳‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝‫ޤ‬⊝᭽‫ޕߪߜߦࠎߎޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߩદ⮮ ஜ৻ߣ↳ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞߣർ਻Ꮊߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦߢߪ‫ޔ‬೨ඨߩ㧝㧡ಽ㑆ߪ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗ߇⑳ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩⷞኤߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߒߐ
ߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓟඨߩ㧝㧡ಽ㑆ߪ‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋޔ‬వ↢ߣ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯࡮ࠦ࡯࡞࠳࡯᳁߇‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߩⷞኤߦߟ޿ߡ⊒⴫ߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ߩ⑳ޔ߇ࠄߜߎޕ‬ห௥ߩ⿒Ꮉవ↢ߢߔ‫ޕ‬వ↢߆ࠄߪ‫⑼ߩ⴫⊒ߩ⑳ޔ‬ቇ⊛ߥ㕙ߦ㑐ߒߡ⵬⿷ࠍ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ߊⷩߏࠍ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߩࠄߜߎޕ‬ߛߐ޿‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߪ⦁޿ߒ⟤ߩߎޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱṛ࿷ਛߦ⸰ࠇߚ࠻࡝ࡦࠦࡑ࡝࡯ภߣ޿߁⦁ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ⦁ߪ‫⸰ࠍࡦ࠼ࡦࡠ߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬໧ਛߦ὾ᄬߒߡߒ߹ߞߚࠞ࠹ࠖࠨ࡯ࠢภࠍዋߒᕁ޿಴ߐ
ߖ߹ߔ‫ߪࠇ޽ޕ‬ᄢᄌߥߢ߈ߏߣߢߒߚ‫ޔߪߢޕ‬ᆎ߼߹ߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞‫ޤ‬੹ᐕߩᣣ⧷දജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩ᩺ౝࠍฃߌ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩᄢቇ߇ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ᄢቇ
ߦㆬ߫ࠇߚߣ⡞޿ߚ⑳ߚߜߪ‫⾗ޔ‬ᢱࠍ⷗ߡ‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߣᄙߊߩ౒ㅢὐࠍ⊒⷗ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߩᤋ௝ࠍࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ᄢቇߩࠬ࠲࠶ࡈߩᣇ‫߽ࠎߐ⊝ߚߞߥߦⷩߏޔߣࠆߔߖ⷗߅ߦޘ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞߣߩ㘃ૃὐߦ㛳޿ߡ߅ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ᧄߪࠇߎޔߪ⑳ޕ‬ᒰߦ⑳ߚߜߩ࿾ၞߥࠎߢߔ
ࠃ‫ߌߛ࡞࠻ࠗ࠲ޕߔߢߤ߶ߚߞ⸒ߣޔ‬ᄌᦝߔࠆߣ‫߹߹ߩߘޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩᤋ௝ߣߒߡㅢ↪ߔࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޔߪ⦡․ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦ⧷࿖ߩઁߩ࿾ၞߢߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ޿߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞߩ໧㗴ߦኻಣߔࠆᣇ╷ࠍ⠨߃ࠆ೨ߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ․⦡ࠍචಽߦᬌ⸛ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ߜߚ⑳ߣޔ‬ߪ⢄ߦ㌏ߓߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟‫ޤ‬⧷࿖ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߳ߩᮭ㒢ᆔ⼑߆ࠄḩ⿷ߥ⚿ᨐࠍᓧߚࠃ߁ߢߔ‫⾗ޕ‬㊄㈩ಽᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠆ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪ‫ޔ‬㧥ߟߩ࠴࡯ࡓߦಽഀߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ฦ࠴࡯ࡓߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ߣㅪ៤ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬࡜ࡦ࠼ർ᧲ㇱߪ‫ߡߟ߆ޔ‬⍹὇‫ޔ‬㋕㍑‫ޔ‬ㅧ⦁ߢᩕ߃ߚ࿾ၞߢߔ‫↥ߚߒ߁ߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᬺߪߘߩᓟ‫⴮ޔ‬ㅌߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧝㧜ᐕ㑆‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ⚻ᷣߪ߼ߑ߹ߒ޿ㅴዷࠍㆀߍ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ↢↥ᕈ‫ޔ‬㓹↪‫ޔ‬෼⋉‫ޔ‬ᛩ⾗ߪ᜛ᄢߒ߹ߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߪ‫ࡠ࠻ࠢ࡟ࠛࡠࠢࠗࡑޔ‬࠾ࠢࠬ‫⥄ޔ࡯ࠫࡠࡁࠢ࠹ࠝࠗࡃޔ‬േゞ↢↥‫ޔ‬ൻቇಣℂ↥ᬺߩ࿾ၞߣߒߡ❥ᩕߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ⚻ᷣߪ‫ޔ‬ଐὼߣߒߡ⧷࿖ߩᐔဋࠍߪࠆ߆ߦਅ࿁ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⚻ᷣߩ஗ṛࠍਥⷐߥේേജߣߒߡ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦ㧡ߟߩᄢቇߣࠝ࡯ࡊࡦ࡮࡙࠾ࡃ࡯ࠪ࠹ࠖ߇
දળࠍ⸳┙ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩઁޕ‬࿾ၞߢߪ‫ᤨ޿ߥ޿ߡࠇߐ┙⸳ߛ߹߇❱⚵ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ઍߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩർ᧲ㇱߩදળߪ‫ ޔ‬ᐕߦ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬ᒝ࿕ߥ‫ޟ‬ർ᧲ㇱᄢቇㅪ⋖‫⊒ߦ❱⚵߁޿ߣޠ‬ዷߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔ‬ᄢቇ߇㐿௅ߒߡߊߛߐߞߚ᥅㙅ળߦ᜗ᓙߐࠇ‫ߢߎߘޔ‬ᄢቇߩቇ㐳߿࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߿ડᬺߩⷐ⡯ߦ޽ࠆੱ‫߇ޘ‬㕖Ᏹߦⷫߒ޿ખߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⍮ߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ㛳߈߹ߒߚ‫⾆ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬㊀ߥ⚿߮ߟ߈߇↢߹ࠇߚ⢛᥊ߦߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ⚻ᷣ⊛ߥ⧰Ⴚ߽߭ߣߟߩⷐ࿃
ߣߒߡ޽ࠆߩ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧠㨪㧤‫ޤ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ખ੺ᓎࠍോ߼ࠆਛ㑆⚵❱ߩሽ࿷߽ᔓࠇߡߪߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߿ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ߩߎߣߢߔ‫ߩ❱⚵ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᣇ㊎߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળ㑆ߩㅪ៤ߩ᭴▽ߦᐘ⑔ߥ⺞๺ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒߚߩߢߔ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߿ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࠍ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩਛᩭߦᝪ߃ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ㧢ߟߩఝవ⺖㗴ߩ߭ߣߟߣ
ߒߡឝߍߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧥‫ޤ‬ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ർ᧲ㇱߪ‫ޔ‬㧥ߟߩ࿾ၞߩਛߢ‫ࠆ޽⦡․߽ߣߞ߽ޔ‬࿾ၞߩࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖ
ࠍ஻߃ߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ㑆ߩㅪ៤ߪߎߩ࿾ၞߩᒝߺߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇߪ⇣ߥࠆࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍ
ᜂߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫⸰߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬໧ߒߚ㧡ߟߩᄢቇߩਛߦߪ‫ޔ‬㐳޿ᱧผࠍ⹶ࠆᄢቇ߽޽ࠇ߫‫⸳ޔ‬┙ߐࠇߚ߫߆ࠅߩᄢቇ߽޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ⷙޕ‬ᮨ߽ࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ߽‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߡߞߥ⇣ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߪቇ↢ߚߜߦ‫઀޿⦟ࠅࠃޔ‬੐ࠍᓧࠆ࠴ࡖࡦࠬࠍ߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ὐߢ‫ޔ‬ฦ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߪ࿾ၞߦᄙᄢߥ⽸₂ࠍߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢ⑳ߚߜ߇ⷞኤߒߚᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߪ‫ࠇߘ߽ߎߤޔ‬એ਄ߩ௛߈ࠍߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ฦᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬⍮⼂⒖ォߩࠨ࡯࠼࡮ࠬ࠻࡝࡯ࡓ
ᵴേߦ៤ࠊߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱᄢቇㅪ⋖ߪ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᵴേࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ࡂࠫ࠶࡟ࡁޔ‬࠙ࠬࠍ㐿⸳ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᵴേߩ࡟ࡌ࡞߿㑐ਈߩᣇᴺߪ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇߩࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߦࠃߞ
ߡ⇣ߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࡓ࡜࠳ ޕ‬ᄢቇߩࠃ߁ߥવ⛔߇޽ࠆᄢቇߪၮᧄ⊛ߦ⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬⎇ⓥᵴേߦജࠍ౉ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᚑᨐߪࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߇ᵴ↪ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫౏ޕ‬ᱜࠍᦼߔߚ
߼ߦઃߌട߃߹ߔߣ‫ࡓ࡜࠳ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ක≮ੱ㘃ቇߦ㑐ߔࠆࠦ࡯ࠬࠍឭଏߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠇߎޕ‬ߪ‫ޔ‬ᢎຬߩᡰេࠍᓧߡ␠ળߩⷐᦸߦᔕ߃ࠆߚ߼ߦ㐿⸳ߐࠇߚᣂߒ޿ቇ⑼ߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦ߅޿ߡ‫ࡓ࡜࠳ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ᐔဋ⊛ߥදജ㑐ଥࠍߪࠆ߆ߦ਄࿁ࠆ⽸₂ࠍߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧜‫ޤ‬ࡐ࡝࠹ࠢ࠾ࠢߣߒߡ⸳┙ߐࠇߚᄢቇߪ‫ࠆߥ⇣ߊߚߞ߹ޔ‬ᆫ൓ߢ࿾ၞ␠ળߣធߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚᄢቇߪ⡯ᬺ⸠✵ᩞߣߒߡߩᱧผ߇޽ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળߣ㕖Ᏹߦኒធߥ㑐ଥ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕߔߢ଀ߥ⊛ဳౖߩߘޔ‬ᄢቇߦᄙᢙߩ
㕖ᱜⷙቇ↢߇޿ࠆߎߣߦᄢᄌ㛳߈߹ߒߚ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޕ‬ᄢቇࠍ⸰ࠇߚᤨ‫ߪߦࠬࡄࡦࡖࠠޔ‬᥉ㅢߩቇ↢ࠄߒߊߥ޿ੱ‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ࠎߐߊߚ߇ޘ‬ᓐࠄߪ㕖ᱜⷙߩቇ↢߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ߎޕ‬ࠇߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળߣߩ✕ኒߥ⚿߮ߟ߈ߩ┙ᵷߥ⸽ߒߢߔ‫ߩߎޔ߫ࠇ߃߆޿⸒ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ࿾ၞࠍ
ะ਄ߐߖࠆᒝജߥේേജࠍឭଏߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߔ‫ߩߎޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ᄢቇߢߪ‫⼊ޔ‬ኤቭߦࠃࠆ
⑼ቇᝡᩏ߿‽⟋ᝡᩏߦ㑐ߔࠆ᝼ᬺ߇ⴕࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ቇ↢߇ߎ߁ߒߚ᝼ᬺࠍฃ⻠ߒߚߎߣ߇⸽᣿ߐࠇࠆߣ‫⹏ߩߘޔ‬ଔࠍฃߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫⟋‽ޔ‬ᝡᩏߦ㑐ߔࠆ᝼ᬺࠍឭଏߒߚᦨೋߩᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߢ޽ࠅ‫⑼ޔ‬ቇᝡᩏߩ᝼ᬺࠍೋ߼ߡឭଏߒߚᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ߭ߣߟߢߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢ߽ߎ߁ߒߚ㕖ᱜⷙߩቇ↢ߦᵈ⋡ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ߣޔ‬ᡷ߼ߡ⠨߃ߐߖࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧝‫ޤ‬⿠ᬺᵴേߦኻߔࠆ࠹ࠖ࡯ࠨࠗ࠼ᄢቇߩᆫ൓߽ශ⽎⊛ߢߒߚ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇౝߩࡆࠢ࠻࡝
ࠕ࡮ࡂ࠙ࠬࠍ⸰ߨ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪߦߎߎޕ‬ቇㇱ↢߿ᄢቇ㒮↢߇┙ߜ਄ߍߚળ␠ߩࠝࡈࠖࠬ߇޽
ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯ࡔ࠾ࠕߪߟߣ߭ߩߘޕ‬ળ␠ߢߒߚ‫ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡ⷗ࠍࠇߘޕ‬࠼ᄢቇߣ੤឵ቇ↢ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍታᣉߒߚ޿߽ߩߛߣᗵߓ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩᣉ⸳ࠍ㧟ᐕ㑆૶↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍߐࠄߦలታߐߖࠆ਄ߢ‫⿠ޔ‬ᬺᵴേߪᄙᄢߥ⽸₂ࠍߒߡߊࠇࠆߦ㆑޿޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧞‫ޤ‬ࠨࡦ࠳࡯࡜ࡦ࠼ᄢቇߢ߽ᔓࠇࠄࠇߥ޿⚻㛎ࠍߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚ‫࠼ࡦ࡜࡯࠳ࡦࠨޕ‬ᄢቇߪࡆࠫࡀࠬ㕙߇㕖Ᏹߦᒝߊ‫ߩ⾰ޔ‬㜞޿ᢎ⢒ߢ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ߩࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ᄌൻߔࠆ࠾࡯࠭ߦኻᔕߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬Ᏹߦ⥄ࠄࠍᄌൻߐߖࠆ᭴߃ߢߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕ‫ޔ‬ᣣ↥⥄േゞ߇ࠨࡦ࠳࡯࡜ࡦ࠼ߦห␠ᦨᄢߩ⥄േゞᎿ႐ࠍᑪ⸳ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ࠍࠇߎޕ‬ฃߌߡ‫࠼ࡦ࡜࡯࠳ࡦࠨޔ‬ᄢቇߪᣣ↥ߣߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߩ᭴▽ࠍᬌ⸛ߒ߹ߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪᣣ↥ߣදቯࠍ੤ࠊ
ߒ‫ߩ࡯ࡗࠗ࡜ࡊࠨޔ‬㕟ᣂߣࠦࠬ࠻೥ᷫࠍᡰេߔࠆ㧺㧱㧼㧭ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦෳടߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩ⦟ᅢߥ㑐ଥࠍၮ⋚ߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪᣣ↥ߣߩ㑆ߦᣂߚߦᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදቯࠍ✦⚿ߒ‫ޔ‬ᣣ↥ߩ␠ຬߦᢎ⢒ࠍⴕߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫᦭ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ലߥㅪ៤߇ㅴዷߒߡ޿ࠆ༑߫ߒ޿⸽ߒߢߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧟‫ޤ‬ߎߩㅪ៤߳ߩੱ‫ߥ߈߻ߚ߭ߩޘ‬ᖱᾲࠍ⷗ㅏߔߎߣߪߢ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ㑐ଥ⠪߽ળ␠㑐ଥ⠪߽‫ోޔ‬ജࠍዧߊߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣ↥㑐ଥ⠪ߪߘߩ₂り⊛ߥข⚵ߺࠍㅢߓߡ‫ߩ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޔ‬ᚑഞߦᄙᄢߥ⽸₂ࠍߒ߹ߒߚ‫੹ޕ‬ᣣߩᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ఝࠇߚ࡝࡯࠳࡯‫ޔ‬ડᬺߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯‫ࠨ౒౏ޔ‬࡯ࡆࠬߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߥߤ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ಽ㊁ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߩ㙃ᚑࠍ᳞߼ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫࡯࠳࡯࡝ޕ‬ࠪ࠶ࡊߪ‫ޔ‬ᵴ᳇޽ࠆ⚵❱ߦ߅޿ߡߩߺ⢒߹ࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᵴ᳇ࠍᄬ޿஗ṛߒߡ޿ࠆ⚵❱ߪ‫ޔ‬᳿ߒߡߎߩࠃ߁ߥ᦭⢻ߥ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔߎߣߪߢ߈߹ߖࠎ‫߇❱⚵ޕ‬ఝࠇߚ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߦᕺ߹
ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߪ‫ߩ❱⚵ߩߘޔ‬ஜోߐࠍ⍮ࠆၮḰߣ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧠‫ޤ‬ੱ᧚ߎߘᚑഞ߳ߩ㎛ߢߔ‫ޔߪ᧚ੱޕ‬ᚑ㐳ߩේേജߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ੱޕ‬㑆㑐ଥ߽㕖Ᏹߦᄢಾߢ
ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢߪ‫ࠍࠎߐ࠷࡯ࠝ࡮࡜ࠦ࠾ߣࠎߐࠣࡦ࡝ࠞ࠶ࡇ࡮ࡦ࡟ࡋ߇߽⺕ޔ‬⍮ߞߡ޿ࠆߩ
ߢߔ‫ⷫߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ኒߥ㑐ଥ߇‫᦭ޔ‬ᗧ⟵ߥ⹤ߒว޿ࠍน⢻ߦߒ‫ޔ‬ᡷ㕟ߣะ਄ߩᚑഞࠍ⚂᧤ߔࠆߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߎ߹ߢ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦߗ߭ขࠅ౉ࠇߚ޿ߣ⑳ߚߜ߇⠨߃ࠆ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ㐳ᚲߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޕߚߒ߹ߒ੺⚫ߏޔ‬ખ੺⚵❱߿✭ⴣ⚵❱ߩሽ࿷ߣߘߩല↪‫ޔ‬ㅪ៤߳ߩੱ‫߭ߩޘ‬ߚ߻߈ߥᖱᾲ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩᄢቇߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ὐߦ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢᄌᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌ߹ߒ
ߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝㧡㨪㧝㧣‫ޤ‬ߒ߆ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ೙ᐲߦᡷༀߔߴ߈ὐ߇ߥ޿ࠊߌߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߦߪ‫ޔ‬㧡ߟߩᄢቇߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ฦᄢቇߣ࿾ၞ␠ળߣߩㅪ៤
ᣇᴺߪ㕖Ᏹߦૃㅢߞߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߦᕁ޿߹ߒߚ‫⧷ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬࿖ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬ࡮
ࠪ࠹ࠖ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫޿⁜ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞౝߦ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠠࡖ࠶ࠬ࡞ᄢቇ߇ࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬ࡮ࠪ࠹ࠖࠍ᭴
▽ߔࠆ੍ቯߢߔ߇‫ߩߎߦߢߔޔ‬࿾ၞߦߪ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞࡮ࠪ࠹ࠖߣ࠰ࡈ࠻࠙ࠚࠕ࡮ࠪ࠹ࠖ߇޽ࠅ
߹ߔ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔߪߦࠄࠇߎޕ‬㆑޿߇޽ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ㧠ߟߩᄢቇ߇ᚑੱᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ౒หࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ⸘↹ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ฦᄢቇߦߪߘࠇߙࠇ㐳ᚲ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫✚ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ว⊛ߥⷰὐ߆ࠄలታߒߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍ✬ᚑߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇ߇⇣ߥࠆ⻠ᐳࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣߦߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㅢߒߡቇࠎߛߎߣࠍ↢߆ߒ‫₸߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬వߒߡఝࠇߚࡊࡠࠣ
࡜ࡓࠍ૞ࠅ਄ߍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ߣޔ‬⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߣࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ർ᧲
ㇱ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ߦ․ޔ‬ᄢቇߣߩ߈ߕߥ߇߹ߔ߹ߔᷓ߹ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬ᔃ߆ࠄ㗿ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ㄭ޿዁᧪‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱࠍ⸰໧ߒ‫ޔ‬ห࿾ၞߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆℂ⸃ࠍᷓ߼‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞߩߘߩᓟߩ⊒ዷ߽߅⷗ߖߒߚ޿߽ߩߢߔ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢቇߦṛ࿷ਛߦ߅޿ߒߊ޿ߚߛ޿ߚ࡛࡯ࠢࠪࡖ࡯ࡊ࠺ࠖࡦࠣߩ౮⌀ߢߔ‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬వ↢ߣ੤ઍߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޕ‬ࠣ࡟ࠕࡓ࡮ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ ࠹ࠖ࡯ࠨࠗ࠼ᄢቇ㐳⊝᭽‫ޕߪߜߦࠎߎޔ‬દ⮮వ↢߆ࠄᥦ߆޿߅⸒⪲ࠍ޿ߚߛ߈‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬߹ߚ‫᧪ޔ‬ᣣߒߡᣣᧄߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦߟ޿ߡᄙߊࠍቇ߱ߔ߫ࠄߒ޿ᯏળࠍឭଏߒߡߊߛߐߞߚ
ߎߣࠍ‫ޔ࡞ࠪࡦ࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱‫ޔ‬㧻㧱㧯㧰ࠍߪߓ߼㑐ଥ⠪ߩ⊝᭽ߦᗵ⻢↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ࠍߜߚ⑳ޔߪޘ‬ෘ޿෹ᖱߢ߽ߡߥߒ‫ࠇߎޔ‬߆ࠄ◲නߦߏ⚫੺ߔࠆᣣᧄߩ⃻⁁ߦ㑐ߒߡᷓ޿ᵢኤࠍᓧࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁‫ߏޔ‬ᡰេਅߐ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢߪ‫✚ࠄ߆⑳ޔ‬ว⊛ߥࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ߅⹤ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ࠇߘޕ‬߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ห௥ߩ࡟ࠬ࡝࡯ߐࠎߦ੤ઍߒ‫ޔ‬ᓐᅚ߇‫ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊߢߩ⚻㛎߆ࠄ㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ߩ଀ࠍ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ‫ࠍ⪲⸒ߩ߮⚿߇⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ㅀߴߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬໧㗴ὐߦߟ޿ߡขࠅ

਄ߍࠆߟ߽ࠅߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫⸰ߩߎޔߛߚޕ‬໧ᓟ߽ߐࠄߦㅊⓥߒߚ޿ߣᗵߓࠆ⥝๧ᷓ޿ὐߦ
ߟ޿ߡ‫ޕߔ߹߈ߛߚ޿ߡߖߐ࠻ࡦࡔࠦޔ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧝‫ޤ‬ᦨೋߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߪ‫ޔ‬㧞ᨎߩ౮⌀ߢߔ‫߇ߟߣ߭ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ‫߇ߟߣ߭߁߽ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊߢߔ‫ߜߤޕ‬ࠄ߇ߤߜࠄ߆‫ޕ߆߁ࠂߒߢࠅ߆ࠊ߅ޔ‬દ⮮వ↢߇߅ߞߒ߾ߞߚࠃ߁ߦ‫߽ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊߩવ⛔⊛ߥၮᐙ↥ᬺ߇૗߆ࠍ⺞ߴߚߣߎࠈ‫ޔ‬㋕㍑‫ޔ‬⍹὇‫ޔ‬ൻቇ↥ᬺ‫ޔ‬᷼ḧߢߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬⑳ߚߜߩ࿾ၞࠍ⺞ߴࠆߣ‫ޔ‬㋕㍑‫ޔ‬⍹὇‫ޔ‬ൻቇ↥ᬺ‫ޔ‬᳓ᷓߩᷓ޿᷼‫ߊߚߞ߹ޔ‬หߓߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇ߇‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞߩવ⛔⊛ߥၮᐙ↥ᬺߢߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊߩ⃻࿷ߩၮᐙ↥ᬺߪ૗߆‫ޔߪࠇߘޕߚߒ߹ߺߡߴ⺞ޔ‬᷼ḧ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺᛛⴚ‫ޔ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯‫⥄ޔ‬േゞ‫࠹ࠝࠗࡃޔ‬ࠢࡁࡠࠫ࡯‫࡞࠲ࠫ࠺ޔࡓ࠹ࠬࠪࡠࠢࠗࡑޔ‬ᛛⴚߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞߩၮᐙ↥ᬺࠍ⺞ߴࠆߣ‫ߊߚߞ߹ޔ‬หߓߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧞ߟߩ࿾ၞߩ㘃ૃᕈߦߪ㛳ߊ߫߆ࠅߢߔ‫ޕ‬ඦ೨ਛߩࡊࡠ
ࠣ࡜ࡓߢ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬వ↢߆ࠄ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣ߇ਇᝄߢ޽ࠆࠃ߁ߥශ⽎ࠍਈ߃ࠆ߅⹤߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ߇‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬ᗧ๧ߢߪ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊ߽ห᭽ߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢ߽ߎߩ࿾ၞߢ߽‫߿ࡈ࡜ࠣߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬࿑ߢ␜ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߣߪ⇣ߥࠆࠃ߁ߦᕁࠊࠇࠆ⃻ታࠍ‫⑳ޔ‬ߚߜߪ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒ߹ߒߚ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬಴ળߞߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩౣ↢ߩߚ߼ߦోജߢขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ࠆ൓޿ߩ޽ࠆ⚻ᷣߢߒߚ‫߇ࠎߐ࡯࡝ࠬ࡟ޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊߩ଀ߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߐࠇ߹ߔߩߢ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ଀ࠍ߭ߣߟߏ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢߪ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ᐕ㑆ߦ‫ޔ‬ൻቇᎿᬺߩᣂߚߥ᭴ᗐߦ  ం౞ࠍᛩ⾗ߔࠆ੍ቯߢߔ‫ߩߎޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ಽ㊁ߩౣ↢ߣ⊒ዷࠍ⋡⊛ߣߔࠆ᳃㑆ᛩ⾗߇ਛᔃߣߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ਔ࿾ၞߦߣߞߡ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߪ㕖Ᏹߦᦼᓙ߇㜞߹ࠆᤨᦼߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧞‫ޤ‬⑳ߚߜߪർ਻Ꮊߢ‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߣᄢቇߣߩ㑆ߩ⊒ዷߩߚ߼ߩวหࡆ࡚ࠫࡦߦߟ޿ߡ⺑᣿ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ஥ߦߪᒝ࿕ߥၮ⋚߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߳ߩ㑐ਈࠍ᣿⏕ߦឝߍߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞදജߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿖ౝታ❣ߢ㧞૏ߦ࡜ࡦࠢߒߡ޿ࠆߘ߁ߢߔ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ߘߩ⸽᜚ࠍ޿ߊߟ߽⋡ߦߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߚ߹ޕ‬శᩕߦ߽‫ޔ‬Ꮢ㐳‫ޔ‬ഥᓎ‫⼏ޔ‬㐳‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩቇ㐳‫ޔ‬೽ቇ㐳ߦ߅⋡ߦ߆߆ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇࠍㅢߓߡ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣࠍᡰេߔࠆ޽ࠄࠁࠆਥⷐߥࠗ
࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ᳃࿅૕߿ᄢቇߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߥߤ‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬㑐ଥ⠪߇ᗧ᰼⊛ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ߩࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄߩߎޕ‬ലᨐߣࡆ࡚ࠫࡦߩ౒᦭ߪᄢ
ᄌශ⽎⊛ߢߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇߣ↥ᬺࠍ⚿߮ߟߌࠆߚ߼ߩਥⷐߥࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉࠍㅴ߼ࠆߚ
߼ߦ‫ޔ‬࿖ኅߣ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߩ෺ᣇ߇᜚಴ߔࠆ౏౒ᛩ⾗ߩⷙᮨߦ߽‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ㛳߆ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ẜ࿷⊛࠾࡯࠭‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬ታ㓙ߩ࿾ၞߩ࠾࡯࠭‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣߩᜬ⛯⊛⊒ዷ‫ޔ‬ᒝ࿕ߥ↢↥᜚ὐߩ㐿⊒ߣ⛽ᜬ‫ޔ‬Ἧ⦡ߩㇺᏒ߆ࠄ✛ߩㇺᏒ߳ߩォ឵ߥߤߩ⺖㗴ߦ౒หߢኻಣߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᛩ⾗߇లᒰߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ ޕ‬ᐕઍߩർ਻ᎺᏒߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ᳇ᳪᨴ߇߽ߚࠄߔ༎ᕷ߇ᷓೞߥ໧㗴ߛߞߚߘ߁ߢߔ‫ ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᐕߦ‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߪ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺᡷༀߦ߅ߌࠆታ❣ߦኻߒߡ‫࡯ࡠࠣޟ‬ࡃ࡞㧡㧜㧜‫ࠍޠ‬ฃ⾨ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢᄌߔ߫ࠄߒ޿ߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣࠍ⊒ዷߐߖࠆ
ᣇᴺߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺࠍᡷༀߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᒝ࿕ߥ࿖㓙㑐ଥࠍ᭴▽ߔࠆ㊀ⷐᕈࠍ⹺⼂ߒߚࠅߔࠆข⚵ߺߦߪ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᗵᔃ޿ߚߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧟‫ޤ‬ߘߩઁߦශ⽎⊛ߛߞߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬Ꮢߣ࿾ၞߦኻߔࠆᄢቇߩ㑐ਈߢߔ‫߇ࠎߐ࡯࡝ࠬ࡟ޕ‬ᓟ߶ߤ⚫੺ߐࠇ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬᳃㑆ડᬺߛߌߢߥߊ౏⊛ડᬺ߿ડᬺߩࡏ࡜ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕㇱ㐷ߦ߅ߌࠆࠦࡒࡘ
࠾࠹ࠖߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߦ㑐ߔࠆࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉ‫ޔߦࠄߐޔ‬ⅣႺᛛⴚߩะ਄ࠍᡰេߔࠆข
⚵ߺ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒ࿤ߩ᡽╷ᢛ஻ࠍࠨࡐ࡯࠻ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ⹏ଔߣ⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ㑐ߔࠆข⚵ߺ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙੤ᵹࠍ⊒ዷߐߖࠆข⚵ߺߥߤ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩදജࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ߎߩࠃ߁ߥข⚵ߺࠍⴕ߁ℂ↱ࠍ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ߦޘ‬૗ᐲ߽዆ߨߚߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬޿ߟ߽‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕߔߢࠄ߆ߛߣߎ߈ߴߔߥߩߜߚ⑳߇ࠇߘޟ‬ሽ࿷ߩᩮᧄ⊛ߥℂ↱ߛ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ߩߎߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿾ၞߦ޿ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߢߔ‫߇߃╵߁޿ߣޠ‬㄰ߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔ߇ࠇߘޕ‬ᓐࠄߩሽ࿷ߩᄢ߈ߥℂ↱ߩ߭ߣߟߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢߔ‫ߒ߁ߎߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ߚὐࠍ㜞ߊ⹏ଔߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧠‫ޤ‬ߘࠇ߆ࠄ‫ߩߟߣ߭߁߽ޔ‬ὐߢߔ߇‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞ߿⧷࿖ߩߔߴߡߩ࿾ၞߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ❥ᩕߩⷐ࿃ߣߒߡ⑼ቇߣ⎇ⓥࠍ㊀ⷞߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߤ߶߈ߐޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬દ⮮వ↢߆ࠄߏᜰ៰߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬㧠ߟ‫ޔ‬㧡ߟߩᄢቇߦ‫ޔ‬㧠ߟ‫ޔ‬㧡ߟ޽ࠆ޿ߪ㧢ߟߩࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬࡄ࡯ࠢ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߩࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬࡄ࡯ࠢߪ‫ߔޔ‬ߴߡߩᄢቇߣડᬺࠍ߭ߣߟߩ႐ᚲߦ㓸߼‫⛔ޔ‬วߐࠇߚᣇᴺߢ⎇ⓥࠍㅴ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߽
ߩߢ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߚߒ߁ߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄙ㗵ߩ౏౒ᛩ⾗ߣ᳃㑆ᛩ⾗ࠍฃߌߡផㅴߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬᭽ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦߣߞߡ㕖Ᏹߦㆡಾߥ
ᣇᴺߢ޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫߁߽ߪࠄ߆⑳ޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬චಽߦ߅⹤ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬࡟ࠬ࡝࡯ߐࠎ߆ࠄ‫ⷞ߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ኤߒߚ㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦߟ޿ߡ⊒⴫ߒߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ
޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߒ↳߇⑳ޕ‬਄ߍߚࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠍߐࠄߦ⹦⚦ߦขࠅ਄ߍࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࡟ࠬ࡝࡯࡮ࠦ࡯࡞࠳࡯ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ࠬࠠ࡞࡮᰷Ꮊᜂᒰ࡝࡯࠳࡯
‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧡‫ޤ‬޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߢߪ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬૕㛎ߩ޽ࠄ߹ߒࠍ߅⹤ߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ⷞޔ‬ኤߢ․ߦශ⽎⊛ߛߞߚࠛ࡝ࠕࠍ․ቯߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬㧟ߟߩ଀ࠍ⚫੺ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨೋߪ㧷㧞㧮㧿ߢߔ‫ࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ߩࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㐿⊒ߦ߅ߌࠆᄢቇߩᓎഀ
ߩ଀ߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧷㧞㧮㧿ߣߪർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇࡆࠫࡀࠬࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߩߎߣߢ‫੹ޔ‬ᐕ߇㐿ᩞೋᐕᐲߢ
ߔ‫┙౏ޕ‬ᄢቇߣߒߡߪో࿖ߢ߽ೋ߼ߡߩኾ㐷⡯ᄢቇ㒮ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊ࿾඙ߢߪᦨೋߩࡆࠫ
ࡀࠬࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߢߔ‫ޔߪ࠻ࡊ࠮ࡦࠦߩߘޕ‬࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ၞߩߚ߼ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯⢒ᚑߦᄢቇ߇
㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᜂ߁‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ᚢ⇛⊛᳿ᢿߦၮߠ߈‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇૞ᚑߒߚ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧷㧞㧮㧿ߪ‫ޔ‬㧹㧮㧭ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍㅢߓߡ‫౒౏ޔ‬ㇱ㐷‫ޔ‬᳃㑆ㇱ㐷‫ޔ‬㕖༡೑ㇱ㐷ߦ߅ߌࠆ዁᧪ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠍ
⢒ᚑߔࠆߎߣߦ㊀ὐࠍ⟎߈‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣડᬺ㑆‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬ㇱ㐷㑆ߢ‫࡯ࡠࡊࠕ߿ࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ޔ‬࠴‫⚻ޔ‬㛎ߥߤࠍ౒᦭ߒ߹ߔ‫ߪ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࠬࡀࠫࡆߩߎޕ‬ᣂߒ޿ᯏ㑐ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᗧ᰼⊛ߢߔ‫ޔߪߦ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࠬࡀࠫࡆߩߎޕ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߩߚ߼ߦẜ࿷⊛ߥᏒ႐ࠍᣂߚߦ㐿ᜏߔࠆᄢ߈ߥน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᗵߓ߹ߒߚ‫੹ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ᣣߪੱญᄌേߦߟ޿ߡ޿
ࠈ޿ࠈߣ߅⹤߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ീቇࠍౣ㐿ߒߚ޿ߣᏗᦸߔࠆᐕ㈩ߩฃ⻠⠪߿▤ℂ⡯ߩੱ‫ޘ‬ࠍ๭߮ㄟ߻ߎߣߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬໧㗴߳ߩኻಣߦᓎ┙ߟน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫⚳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬り㓹↪ߩࠦࡦ࠮ࡊ࠻߇৻⥸⊛ߢߥߊߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬᳞⡯⠪߿ォ⡯⠪ࠍኻ⽎ߣߔࠆ࡝࡯࠳࡯⢒ᚑߩᯏળࠍផㅴߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߩቯຬߪ㧝ቇᐕߦ⚂㧟㧡ฬߣ㒢ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߪ‫ޔ‬ఝࠇߚ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߣߥࠆ㜞޿⾗⾰߇޽ࠆᔕ൐⠪ߩߺࠍฃߌ
౉ࠇࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ㜞ᐲߥ౉ቇၮḰࠍ⸳ቯߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߦ࡞࡯ࠢࠬࠬࡀࠫࡆߩߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ߪ⼾߆ߥ዁᧪ᕈ߇޽ࠆߣ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᗵߓߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ᢎ⢒ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩਛߢᄢቇ߇ߎߩข
⚵ߺࠍ᜛ᄢߒ‫⚻ߩࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ᷣ⊒ዷߦᔅⷐߥ࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠍ⢒ᚑߔࠆ⢻ജ߇ᒝൻߐࠇࠆߎ
ߣࠍ‫ޔ‬㗿ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧢‫ޤ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒ߇‫ޔ‬Ꮢߣ⚻ᷣߩਛᔃߦቇⴚ⎇ⓥ‫ߦ․ޔ‬ⅣႺ⎇ⓥߩ᜚ὐࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ㈩⟎ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩ଀ࠍߏ⚫੺ߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢቇߣ᡽ᐭߩᒝ࿕ߥ࡝ࡦࠢߩ⦟
޿଀ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ඦ೨ਛߦ߅⹤߇޽ߞߚ㧯㧿㨀㧼ߩ᡽╷ߦቢోߦḰ᜚ߒߡ޿ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊቇⴚ⎇ⓥㇺᏒߣർ਻Ꮊ↥ᬺቇⴚផㅴᯏ᭴㧔㧲㧭㧵㧿㧕ߪ‫ޔ‬㧢ᐕ೨ߦ‫ޔ‬㧞ం  ਁߩ᡽ᐭᛩ⾗ࠍฃߌߡ⸳┙ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޔ߽࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߢߪೋ߼ߡߢߔ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊቇⴚ⎇ⓥㇺᏒߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߦࠃࠆߎߩ⒳ߩࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬࡄ࡯ࠢߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢೋ߼ߡ⸳┙ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬દ⮮వ↢ߪ‫ޔ‬వ߶ߤߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢ‫޿⁜ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔߗߥޟ‬࿾ၞߦ㧡ߟߩࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬ࡮ࠪ࠹ࠖ㑐ㅪ੐ᬺ߇޽ࠆߩ߆‫⇼߁޿ߣޠ‬໧ࠍ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ⑳ߚߜߦᛩߍ߆ߌࠄࠇ߹ߒ
ߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩઍ⴫࿅ߪ‫ޔ‬㧠ߟߩᄢቇ‫ޔ‬㧤ߟߩ⎇ⓥ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯‫ޔ‬㧠㧠ߩડᬺ߇․ൻߐࠇ
ߚ࿾ၞߦ㓸Ⓧߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣ޿߁ർ਻Ꮊߩታ❣ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߎޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊቇⴚ
⎇ⓥㇺᏒߪ‫ޔ‬ⅣႺᎿቇ‫↢ޔ‬๮Ꮏቇ‫ޔࠣࡦ࡝ࠕ࠾ࠫࡦࠛ࡮ࡓ࠹ࠬࠪޔ‬ᖱႎ࡮㔚᳇ㅢା‫ੱޔ‬Ꮏ⍮⢻‫ߩࠕࠖ࠺ࡔࡦࡑ࡯ࡘࡅޔ‬ഃㅧࠍ฽߻ቇⴚ⎇ⓥߣኾ㐷ᛛⴚߩ᏷ᐢ޿ၮ⋚ࠍឭଏߒߡ޿߹
ߔ‫ޔߪߢࠢ࡯ࡄࠬࡦࠛࠗࠨߩߎޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣉ⸳ߩ๟ㄝߦஜోߥㇺᏒဳࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖࠍᑪ⸳ߔ
ࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬㓞ធߔࠆ૑ቛ࿾ߩᢛ஻߽ⴕ޿߹ߔ‫᧛ᧁޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬వ↢߇ඦ೨ਛߦ߅⹤ߐࠇߚ‫ޔ‬቟ోߢ቟ᔃߢ߈ࠆ↢ᵴⅣႺߩᢛ஻ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚᄢⷙᮨߢᄙⷺ⊛ߥᣉ⸳ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᒝജߥㅪ៤ߣࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬Ꮢᒰዪߩ⹺⼂ߪ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦශ⽎⊛ߢߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㧲㧭㧵㧿ߩ⸳┙ߦኻߔࠆ㧠㧜㧜ਁࡐࡦ࠼ߩ಴⾗ߦ␜ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧲㧭㧵㧿ߪ‫▤ࠍࠢ࡯ࡄࠬࡦࠛࠗࠨߩߎޔ‬ℂߔࠆߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬දജ㑐ଥߩㅴዷࠍᓟ᛼ߒߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ડᬺߣᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ࡝ࡦࠢࠍ᭴▽࡮ᒝൻߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ਛዊડᬺߩ
⊒ዷࠍࠨࡐ࡯࠻ߒߚࠅߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞ߳ߩ⚻ᷣലᨐߪߔߢߦ⃻ࠊࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⎇ⓥ෼⋉ߪ‫ޔ‬㧠ᐕ㑆ߢ㧞㧜㧜ਁࡐࡦ࠼߆ࠄ㧥㧜㧜ਁࡐࡦ࠼ߦჇടߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬౒หߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᣉ⸳‫ޔ‬ዷ␜࡮ળ⼏ᣉ⸳‫ޔ‬ቇⴚᖱႎ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯‫࡯࠽ࡒ࠮ޔ‬ቶࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆ

౒ห೑↪ᣉ⸳߽‫⥝ߡߞߣߦߜߚ⑳ޔ‬๧ᷓ޿㊀ⷐߥಽ㊁ߢߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߇⧷࿖ߩᄢቇߦᬌ⸛ࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆὐߢ߽޽ࠅ‫ߢߎߎޔ‬ታ㓙ߩఝࠇߚ੐଀ࠍቇ߱ߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߣߎࠈߢ‫౒ޔ‬ห੐ᬺ߳ߩ㜞޿ᗧ᰼ߣࡆ࡚ࠫࡦ߇޽ࠅ‫߽߆ߒޔ‬หߓᢝ࿾ౝߦ޽ࠅߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬㧠ߟߩᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦߪ೎‫ߦޘ‬ㆇ༡ߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᚢ⇛㕙‫⾗ޔ‬㊄㕙ߦ߅ߌࠆ᡽
ᐭᡰេ߇޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ⋧੕දജߩᐲว޿ࠍ㜞߼ࠆ㜞޿ẜ࿷⊛น⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿߆‫ޔ‬ߣᗵߓ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧣‫ޤ‬ᦨᓟߩ଀ߪ‫  ߪࡦ࠙࠲ࠦࠛޕߔߢࡦ࠙࠲ࠦࠛޔ‬ᐕߦ⺀↢ߒ‫ޔ‬㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ߦ㧟ంࡐࡦ࠼⋧ᒰߩᛩ⾗߇ⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߜ߁ߩߘޕ‬㧞ంࡐࡦ࠼ߪ᳃㑆߆ࠄߩᛩ⾗ߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬౮⌀߆ࠄ߽߅ࠊ߆ࠅߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ߪ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᄢⷙᮨߥ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᳪᨴ࿯ფߩಣℂ‫⥄ޔ‬േゞ‫ޔ‬ኅ㔚⵾ຠ‫ޔ‬㧻㧭ᯏེ‫Ⲭޔ࠲࡯ࡘࡇࡦࠦޔ‬శ▤‫ޔ‬ᑪ▽ᑄ᧚‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߩࠞࡦ‫ࠕޔ࡞࠻ࡏ࠻࠶ࡍޔ‬࡞ࡒࡎࠗ࡞‫ޔ‬㘩↪ᴤߘߩઁߩ࡝ࠨࠗࠢ࡞ࠍ฽߻‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥᑄ᫈‛ಣℂ࡮࡝ࠨࠗࠢ࡞᭴ᗐ߇
ၮ⋚ߣߥߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫߽࡯ࠪ࡝ࡐ࡮ࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶ࡒࠛ࡮ࡠ࠯ޔߪߢࡦ࠙࠲ࠦࠛߩߎޕ‬ขࠅ౉ࠇߡ
޿߹ߔ‫ߩࠄ߆ࠬ࠮ࡠࡊࠆ޽ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᑄ᫈‛ࠍᵴ↪ߒ‫ߩઁޔ‬ಽ㊁ߦࠗࡦࡊ࠶࠻߿ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ
࡯ࠍឭଏߔࠆ઀⚵ߺߢߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ὐߦ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢᄌᗵᔃߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫߽ᦨߢࡦ࠙࠲ࠦࠛޔ‬ශ⽎ᷓ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߪߣ⸒߃߫‫ߩߘޔߕ߹ޔ‬ታⴕ߅ࠃ߮ᄢቇߣ
ߩදജߦ߅ߌࠆᏒᒰዪߩ㜞ᐲߥᚢ⇛⊛࡝࡯࠳࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߢߔ‫ߘޔߊߥ߽ߢ߹߁⸒ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ߩⷙᮨ‫ోࠕ࡝ࠛޔ‬૕ߦኻߔࠆ໡ᬺᕈߢߔ‫ߡߒߘޕ‬૗ࠃࠅ߽‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩᒝജߢ᣿⏕ߥ⽸₂ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ߦ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߩᯏળࠍឭଏߒ‫ࠢ࠹ޕߔ߹޿ߡߖߐࠢࡦ࡝ߣ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊޔ‬ࡁࡠࠫ࡯ߣታ⸽⎇ⓥߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ߣࡦ࠙࠲ࠦࠛޔ‬ቇⴚ⎇ⓥㇺᏒߩ⎇ⓥ⢻ജߣࠍ࡝ࡦࠢߐߖ‫ޔ‬࠹ࠢࡁࡠࠫ࡯ߣⅣႺࡁ࠙ࡂ࠙ߩ໡ᬺൻࠍ⃻࿾ߩ༡೑੐ᬺߦ࡝ࡦࠢߐߖ‫ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊࠛ࡝ࠕߦ
 ੱಽ߽ߩᣂߚߥ㓹↪ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔ⷗ㅢߒߢߔ‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋߪߢࠇߘޕ‬వ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ
‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧤‫ޤ‬⑳ߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩ౨㗡ߢ߅⹤ߒߡ߅ߊߴ߈ߛߞߚߩߢߔ߇‫ߣߦߜߚ⑳ߪࠇߎޔ‬ߞߡ㕖Ᏹߦ޽ࠊߚߛߒ޿ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߢߒߚ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᤓᣣ‫⺞ޔ‬ᩏࠍ⚳ੌߒ‫ޔ‬ᤓᄛ‫࠯࡟ࡊޔ‬ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩේⓂࠍ૞ᚑߒ߹ߒߚ‫⊝ޔߡߞߥߦᦺ੹ߦࠄߐޕ‬᭽ߦ㈩Ꮣߐࠇߚ⾗ᢱߩౝኈ߇ᄌᦝߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫⊝ޔߪ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߩߎޔߢࠇߘޕࠎߖ߹ࠅ޽⸶ߒ↳ޕ‬᭽ߩ߅ᚻరߩ⾗ᢱߣߪዋߒ㆑ߞߡ޿ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ోߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ຬߦߣߞߡ‫⚻޿ߒࠆߋ߹⋡ޔ‬㛎ߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߐߡ‫ޔ‬໧㗴ὐߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߔࠆߟ߽ࠅߪߥ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷෺ᣇߪ‫ޔ߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬⍮⼂㊀ⷞဳߩ␠ળߦ߅޿ߡ⇣ߥࠆⷺᐲ߆ࠄ⚻ᷣࠍ⊒ዷߐߖࠆၮ⋚ࠍ▽ߎ߁ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬චಽߦ⹺⼂ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬⍮⼂㊀ⷞဳߩ␠ળߢ⚻ᷣߩ❥ᩕࠍ㗿߁ߥࠄ߫‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߩ࠻࠶ࡊ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᐳࠍ⛽ᜬߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬หߓࠃ߁ߥ໧㗴ߦ⋥㕙ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⧯ޕ‬ᐕੱญߪᷫዋߒ⛯ߌߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄙߊߩఝࠇߚഭ௛ੱญࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿߹
ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬਎⇇ⷙᮨߩ┹੎␠ળߢᚢࠊߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬໧㗴ߦኻߒߡߪ‫ߐޔ‬߹ߑ߹ߥ⥝๧ᷓ޿ᣇ╷߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ੱޕ‬ญᄌേߣᚑ㐳߳ߩ᰼᳞‫ߎޔ߇ߚߒ߹ߒ⃻⴫ߪ⑳ߣޔ‬߁ߒߚὐߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߢߪ⧯⠪ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㅴቇ₸߇㧡㧜㧑ߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣࠍඦ೨ਛߦ
ુ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᣣᧄߪ੹ᓟ‫ߩߎޔ‬ഀวࠍ⛽ᜬߒߟߟ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬ᄌേߔࠆ⚻ᷣߦኻᔕߢ
߈ࠆᄙߊߩ᦭⢻ߥੱ᧚ࠍ⏕଻ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫߇ࠊޕ‬࿖ߩ႐ว‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޔ‬వ↢߇߅ߞߒ߾ߞߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ㅴቇ₸ߪ߹ߛ㧡㧜㧑ߦߪ㆐ߒߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ
ᚒ߇࿖ߩഭ௛ੱญߩ㧣㧜㧑ߪߔߢߦዞഭߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߇ࠊޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿖ߢߪᄢቇߦㅴቇߔࠆ
ੱ‫߇ޘ‬ዋߥ߆ߞߚߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ㕖Ᏹߦ᦭⢻ߥੱ‫߇ޘ‬ᄢቇᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ߡ‫᦭ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬⢻ߥੱ᧚ࠍჇടߐߖࠆߎߣࠍ⠨߃ߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ߩߢߔ‫⟵ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ോᢎ⢒ୃੌ⠪ࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆߣ޿߁ߛߌߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߣߪ⺕ߩߚ߼ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬⟵ോᢎ⢒ୃੌ⠪ߛߌߩ߽ߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߦߢߔޕ‬ዞഭߒߡ޿ࠆੱ‫ޔ߽ߦ߆ߥߩޘ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍฃߌࠆߴ߈ੱߪ޿ࠆߪߕߢߔ‫ޕ‬዁᧪⊛ߦఝ⑲ߥੱ᧚ࠍ⏕଻ߒ‫ޔ‬ᛛⴚߩᕆㅦߥㅴᱠߦኻᔕߒ
ߡ‫ᦨࠍ࡞ࠠࠬߩޘੱߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᣂߩ⁁ᘒߦ⛽ᜬߔࠆߦߪߤ߁ߒߚࠄ޿޿ߩ߆ߣ޿߁ὐࠍ⠨߃ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ߘߎߢ‫ޔ‬໧㗴ߪߘࠇࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦታⴕߔࠆ߆‫⾗ߩߘ߇⺕ޔߊߥ߽ߢ߹߁⸒ߡߒߘޔ‬㊄ࠍ
⽶ᜂߔࠆ߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߢߔ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᣣᧄߢᄢᄌᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩ᡽ᐭ߿࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߇ᢎ⢒ߦᄙ㗵ߩᛩ⾗ࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᓐࠄߪߘࠇ߇౏⊛ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬᡽ᐭ߇ታⴕߔࠆߎߣߪᒰὼߢ޽ࠆߣ᣿⏕ߦߣࠄ߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⊝᭽ߦᜉᚻࠍㅍࠅߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔࠄ߇ߥߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄙߊߩ㓹↪⠪߽‫▤ޔ‬ℂ⡯⎇ୃ߿ࠬࠠ࡞⎇ୃࠍ␠ౝߢឭଏߔࠆ⽿છࠍ⽶ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫⥝ߪࠇߎޕ‬๧ᷓ޿ߎߣߢߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ߦ߆ࠆߪޔ‬ᄙߊߩੱ‫ޔ߇ޘ‬⡯႐ߢ૶↪ߔࠆߎ߁ߒߚࠬࠠ࡞ࠍቇ߱ߚ߼ߦᄢቇߦㅢߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⡯႐ߢߩ⎇ୃߦ㗬ࠆߎߣߪ޽߹ࠅ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫߇ࠊޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇᢎ⢒߆ࠄᦨᄢߩᕲᕺࠍฃߌ
ࠆੱ‫ߣੱᧄ߇ޘ‬㓹↪⠪ߢ޽ࠆߥࠄ߫‫ߣੱᧄޔ‬㓹↪⠪߇ߘߩ⾌↪ࠍ⽶ᜂߔࠆߴ߈ߛ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬⷗ᣇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬᡽ᐭ߽૗ࠄ߆ߩᕲᕺࠍฃߌࠆߦߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬㓹↪⠪ߣᧄੱ߇೑⋉ࠍᓧࠆߥࠄ
߫‫ޔߗߥޔ‬᡽ᐭ߇⾌↪ࠍ⽶ᜂߔࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߚߒ߁ߎߪ⑳ޕ‬ὐߦ㑐ᔃࠍᛴ޿ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍ౏⊛ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬߣߺߥߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߦޘੱߩߡߴߔߪࠇߎޕ‬ਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ
ߴ߈ᮭ೑ߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬หᤨߦડᬺߦߣߞߡᄢ߈ߥ೑⋉ߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩ⵾ㅧᬺߩ⷗
੐ߥᚑഞߪ‫ޔ‬ലᨐ⊛ߥ␠ౝ⎇ୃ೙ᐲ߇߽ߚࠄߒߚ߽ߩߣ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬వ߶ߤ↳ߒ਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ߩߎޔ‬ቇ⠌ߩଔ୯ࠍ⹺߼ߡડᬺߢߎߩቇ⠌ࠍ↢߆ߒ‫ࠄ߆ߎߘޔ‬೑⋉ࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠍ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᬌ⸛ਛߢߔ‫ࠆ޽ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ળ␠߇㜞޿ࠬࠠ࡞ࠍ஻߃ߡ޿ࠆ႐ว‫ߩߘߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ఝࠇߚข⚵ߺࠍ౒᦭ߒ‫ࠇߎ߇ޘੱߩ␠ઁߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ࠄߩࠬࠠ࡞ࠍቇ߮‫ޔ‬೑⋉ࠍᓧߡ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣో૕߇ᕲᕺࠍฃߌࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߩ߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߦ߽‫ޔ‬ዋߒߕߟ㑐ᔃࠍᛴ߈ᆎ߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫⚻ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᷣߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍߢ߈ࠆ㒢ࠅ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ᦨޔ‬ᄢ㒢ߩࠬࠠ࡞ࠍᓧࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߦ㑐ߒߡ‫⥝߆ࠄߊ޿ޔ‬๧ᷓ޿ᄌൻ߿෻ᔕ߇
↢ߓߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⸒߁߹ߢ߽ߥߊ‫⊛౏ޔ‬ᯏ㑐ߣߒߡߩ౏┙ᄢቇߩㆇ༡ߦ㑐ߔࠆ߽߁߭ߣߟߩὐߣߒߡ‫ߎޔ‬߁ߒߚᄢቇߦߪ⵬ഥ㊄߇㈩ಽߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߪߘࠇࠍ↪޿ߡࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ߊߚߞ߹ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ㆡಾߥߎߣߢߔ‫ߒ߽ޔߡ߃߹〯ࠍࠇߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬෼⋉ߩ᜛ᄢߦߟߥ
߇ࠆ⿠ᬺᵴേߩ᜛ᄢ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆߥࠄ߫‫ࠅࠃޔߊࠄߘ߅ޔ‬㜞ᐲߥࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ‫ࠅࠃߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᄙߊߩࠨ࡯ࡆࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬࿖᳃ߦᢎ⢒ࠍឭଏߔࠆߣ޿߁⑳ߚߜߩਛᩭ⊛ࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍ⷗ᄬߞߡߪߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬ਛᄩ᡽ᐭ߿࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߆ࠄᓧࠆ෼౉ߣਗⴕߒ
ߡ‫ޔ‬໡ᬺ⊛⽷Ḯ߆ࠄ෼⋉ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔߎߣࠍᄢቇ߇ߤߎ߹ߢ⠨߃ࠆߴ߈߆ߣ޿߁ߎߣߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦߣߞߡห᭽ߦ㊀ⷐߥߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ‫߆ߟߊ޿ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢᄌ⥝๧ᷓ޿⺖㗴ࠍ⊒⷗ߒ߹ߒߚ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ᣇᴺߢߎ߁ߒߚ⺖㗴ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬᭽߆ࠄߚߊߐࠎߩߎߣࠍቇ߱ߎߣ
߇ߢ߈ࠆߣ⏕ାߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ޔߡߒߘޕ‬᭽ߦ߽‫ࠄ߆ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬૗߆ቇ߱ߎߣ߇޽ࠆߣᗵߓߡ
޿ߚߛߌࠇ߫ᐘ޿ߢߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᓟߩㅴዷࠍᭉߒߺߦߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬‫࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬޣ‬㧥‫ޤ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߩࠬ࡜ࠗ࠼ߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬౮⌀ߪ⑳ߚߜ߇᠟ᓇߒߚ߽ߩߥߩߢ‫↪૶ࠍࠇߎޔ‬ߒߚ߆ߞߚߩߢߔ‫߇⑳ޕ‬᠟ᓇߒߚߩߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊ߳ะ߆߁㘧ⴕᯏ߆ࠄ᠟ᓇߒߚን჻ጊߢߔ‫߈ߴࠆ⊓ޕ‬ጊ߇޿ߊߟ߽޽ࠆߎߣࠍ‫ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬෺ᣇߪ⹺⼂ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩጊߪߚ߹ߚ߹ን჻ጊߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᓕ᦯ߔߴ߈ጊߪ޿ߊߟ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⇣ߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ߥࠆᣇᴺߢߎ߁ߒߚጊߦ⊓ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ጊߦ⊓ࠆᦨ⦟ߩᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߒว߃߫‫ޔ‬ߐࠄߦല₸⊛ߥᣇᴺߢ㗂਄ࠍᭂ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ߚߞ߆߆ߦ⋡߅ޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊߩࡄ࡯
࠻࠽࡯ߩᣇ‫੹ߩߣޘ‬ᓟߩදജ੐㗄ߣߒߡ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޔ‬ⅣႺᛛⴚ߿࠺ࠫ࠲࡞ᛛⴚ‫⥄ޔ‬േゞ↥ᬺ‫ޔߤߥ࡯ࠫࡠࡁࠢ࠹ࡁ࠽ޔࡓ࠹ࠬࠪࡠࠢࠗࡑޔ‬ᄙߊߩಽ㊁߇⏕⹺ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬දജߩ᜛ᄢ߇น⢻ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ౒ㅢߩ㑐ᔃ㗔ၞ߇‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕߚߒ߹ࠅ޽߽ߟߊ޿ޔ‬㧟ㅳ㑆೨ߦ⺀↢ߒߚ߫߆ࠅߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ߇ᧃ᳗ߊ⛯ߊߎߣࠍᦼᓙߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߩߔߴߡߩ෹ੱߣ⧷࿖ߩ⑳ߚߜߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩోຬߦ‫ߒ↳ࠍ␞߅ޔ‬਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ᧄޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᣣߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߦ⑳ߚߜࠍ߅᜗߈ߊߛߐߞߚߎߣߦᗵ⻢ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦർ᧲ㇱߣർ਻Ꮊߩ⊒⴫⠪ߩᣇ‫ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޔ੹߽ߒ߽ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔޘ‬࠻ߩࡠࠧࠍ⠨᩺ߔࠆߥࠄ߫‫ߣࠣࡦࠖ࠺ࡊ࡯ࡖࠪࠢ࡯࡛ޔ‬ን჻ጊࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖࠆ࠺ࠩࠗࡦࠍ
⠨߃ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎߨ‫੹ߪࠇߘޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄛߩኋ㗴ߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⍴޿ᤨ㑆ߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊߩ⿒Ꮉవ↢ࠍട߃ߚߎߩઍ⴫࿅ߦኻߔࠆ⾰໧ࠍ߅ฃߌߒ߹ߔ‫⾰ޕ‬໧߿ࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߪߏߑ
޿߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޕ‬ߘࠇߢߪ‫ޔ‬ർ਻Ꮊ࡮ർ᧲ㇱߩ࠴࡯ࡓߦߟ޿ߡᝄࠅ㄰ߞߡߺߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ࠎߐ࠽࡯ࡗޕ‬߇ߏ⥄ಽߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩᓟߢࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߐࠇߚߎߣߢߔ߇‫⚻޿ߒ⪺ޔ‬ᷣਇᴫߦ⷗⥰ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ࿾ၞߢ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬දജ߿දജ⸘↹ߩᢛ஻߇ࠃࠅଦㅴߐࠇߚߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ઍ⴫ߩᣇ‫ߩߎޔߪޘ‬ὐߦหᗧߐࠇ߹ߔ߆‫ޕ‬ࠦ࡯࡞࠳࡯

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⑳ߪ‫ޔ‬ᔅߕߒ߽ଦㅴߐࠇߚߣߪᕁ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ข⚵ߺߪ‫ޔ‬දജ㑐ଥߩᐲว޿‫ޔ‬ㆡಾߥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢㆡಾߥ᭴ᚑߩ⹤ว޿ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ‫ޔ‬ㆡಾߥ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߎߣ‫ࠇߎޔ‬ࠄߦᄢ߈ߊᏀฝߐࠇࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬࿾ၞߩ࠾࡯࠭߇૗߆ࠍℂ⸃ߒ‫ⵣߩߘޔ‬ઃߌࠍᓧࠆ
ߎߣ‫ޔ‬ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐ⺖㗴ߦኻಣߔࠆߚ߼ߩㅴⴕ⸘↹ߦో૕߇วᗧߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ
⑳ߪർ਻Ꮊߩ⚻㛎ߦߟ޿ߡߪ߅⹤ߒߢ߈߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߢߪ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ❥ᩕߒߚᤨઍ߇
㐳ߊ⛯޿ߚߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫↥ޕ‬ᬺၮ⋚ߪ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿾ၞࠍᄢᄌ⼾߆ߦߒߡߊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ੱ‫ޔߪޘ‬ቇᩞࠍ㔌ࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ◲නߦ⡯߇⷗ߟ߆ࠆ⁁ᘒߦᘠࠇ߈ߞߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߪ‫⁁ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޔ߹ߚ߹ߚޔ‬ᴫߦ⟎߆ࠇߡ޿ߚߩߢߔ‫⓭ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ὼ‫↥ޔ‬ᬺ߇⴮ㅌߒ߹ߒ
ߚ‫⁁ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪޘੱߦᤨߩߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᴫߦ✕ᕆߦኻᔕߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣߦ᳇ઃ
޿ߚߩߢߒࠂ߁‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ߩࠃ߁ߥᯏ㑐ࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬૗ࠍឭଏߔߴ߈߆⺞ߴߡߺࠃ߁ߣ޿߁ߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⊒ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ዷߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆಽ㊁ࠍ⺞ᩏߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߢ޿ߊߟ߆ߩ૞ᬺࠍⴕ޿߹ߒߚ‫⚿ߩߘޕ‬ᨐ‫ޔ‬዁᧪⊛ߦ㜞޿ẜ࿷⊛น⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆߣߐࠇߚ㧡ߟߩಽ㊁߇߹ߕ․ቯߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯‫↢ޔ‬๮Ꮏቇ‫ޔ‬ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ࡮ࠛࡦࠫ࠾ࠕ࡝ࡦࠣ‫ޔߢߎߘޕߚߒߢߤߥ࡯ࠫࡠࡁࠢ࠹ࡁ࠽ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ↥ᬺࠍ⢒ᚑߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߚ߾ߒߞ߅߇ࠎߐ࠽࡯ࡗޕ‬ኻಣᣇᴺߪ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥ↥ᬺࠍഃᚑߔࠆ߆‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬ᣢሽߩ↥ᬺࠍౣᵴᕈൻߔࠆ߆ߢߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞߪߎࠇࠍታⴕߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬દ⮮వ↢߇⸒෸ߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߪᄢቇ߿ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫࠍ࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩਛᔃߦᝪ߃ߚߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ᜬߞߡ޿ࠆኾ㐷ᛛⴚࠍᵴ↪ߒߡ࿾ၞࠍ⊒ዷߐߖࠃ߁ߣ⠨߃߹ߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬⊒ዷߩߚ߼ߦᄢቇߩ߽ߟ⾗Ḯࠍᵴ↪ߒࠃ߁ߣ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߣਛᄩ᡽ᐭߩ෺ᣇ߆ࠄᄙ㗵ߩᛩ⾗߇ⴕࠊࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥᚑഞࠍᚻߦߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޕ‬࿾ၞߩ৻⥸Ꮢ᳃ߪ‫ޔ‬ߘࠇ߇዁᧪ߩ⊒ዷߦߟߥ߇ࠆߎߣࠍℂ⸃ߒߡ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ขࠅ⚵ߺߦห⺞ߒߡ߈ߚߩߢߒࠂ
߁‫ߩߊࠄ߫ߒߊࠄߘ߅ޔ߇ࠇߘޕ‬㑆ᄬࠊࠇߡ޿ߚࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ࠍ‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߦਈ߃ߚߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ⿒Ꮉవ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬⿒Ꮉ⾆㓶 ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇ࿖㓙ⅣႺᎿቇㇱಎᢎ᝼߭ߣߟߛߌࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਇᴫߦ㒱ߞߚ⑳ߚߜߩᏒߣห᭽ߩ⁁ᴫࠍુߞߡ‫ޔ‬ታߪߎߜࠄ߽߅⹤ߒ߿ߔߊߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫⚻ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬㛎ߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬‫ࠊޔ޽޽ޟ‬߆ࠅ߹ߔࠃ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕߔߢࠄ߆ࠆߐߛߊߡߞ⸒ߣޠ‬หߓࠃ߁ߥࡃ࠶ࠢࠣ࡜࠙ࡦ࠼ࠍᜬ
ߟߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫߇ࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯ࠤ࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬౞Ṗߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬หߓ┙႐ߢ⠨߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߩߎߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߪࠇߘޔ‬ᄢᄌࡐࠫ࠹ࠖࡉߥߎߣߛߞߚߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ

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ઁߦ⾰໧߿ࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ߩߟߣ߭߁߽ߩࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠹ࡦ࠯࡟ࡊޔߪߢޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡขࠅ਄ߍߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߦߟߣ߭ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬㓸⚂ߐࠇߚࠨࠗࠛࡦࠬࡄ࡯ࠢࠍ⸳┙ߒߚർ਻ᎺᏒߩ㜞ᐲߥㅪ៤ߣ‫⺑ޔ‬᣿ߐࠇߚർ᧲ㇱߩᢿ⊛ߥࠕࡊࡠ࡯࠴ߣߩᲧセߢߔ‫ޕ‬ർ਻Ꮊߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇߦ߅዆ߨߒ߹ߔ߇‫⺑߇ࠎߐ࡯࡝ࠬ࡟ޔ‬᣿ߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߥ㧠ߟߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐㑆ߩ㕖Ᏹߦല₸⊛ߥㅪ៤߇ታ⃻ߢ߈ߚߩߪ‫ޕ߆߁ࠂߒߢߗߥޔ‬દ⮮
⑳ߚߜ߇⸰໧ߒߚർ᧲ㇱߩᄢቇߪ‫⑼ޔ‬ቇ㗔ၞ߆ࠄືቇ㗔ၞ߹ߢᄙߊߩቇㇱ߇޽ࠅ‫ࠆ޽ޔ‬ᗧ๧ߢቢᚑߐࠇߚᄢቇߢߒߚ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޔ‬ᱧผ‫ࡀࠫࡆޔ⺆⸒ޔ‬ࠬߦߪ㕖Ᏹߦᒝ޿ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬Ꮏቇㇱߪ߹ߛᱧผ߇ᵻ޿ߩߢߔ‫ޔࠄ߆ࠇߘޕ‬Ꮏቇ♽ߦᒝ޿ᄢቇ߽޽ࠇ߫‫ੱޔ‬ᢥ♽ߦᒝ޿ᄢቇ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧠ߟߩᄢቇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߇‫ࠇߎޔ‬ࠄో૕ߢ‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥቢᚑߐࠇߚ߭ߣߟߩᄢቇߣߥࠆߩߢߔ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ࠛࠗࠨޔ‬ࡦࠬࡄ࡯ࠢ߇߭ߣߟߛߌߢ޽ࠆℂ↱߇߅ࠊ߆ࠅߦߥࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⿒Ꮉ
⑳ߚߜߩ⾗㊄⺞㆐ᣇᴺߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ઃߌട߃ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߪ‫ޔ‬ᒝജߥࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉࠍីߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߦࡉࠖ࠹ࠕࠪ࠾ࠗߩߎޕ‬ၮߠ޿ߡ࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߇‫ޟ‬ળ⼏႐߿ߘߩઁߩᣉ⸳ࠍᑪ⸳ߔࠆ߆ࠄ㓸߹ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޔߣޠ‬ฦᄢቇߦ๭߮߆ߌߚߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬ታ㓙‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇ߇ᄢቇࠍᣂ⸳ߔࠆ㓙ߩೋᦼᛩ⾗ߩ▵⚂ߦ߽ߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ߪࠇߎޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᄢᄌߦวℂ⊛ߥᣇᴺߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦળ႐ߩᣇ‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬⾰໧⠪㧢࿾ၞߩ૑᳃ߦߟ޿ߡ߅዆ߨߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ඦ೨ߩㇱߢᢙੱߩᣇ‫ߣࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ߇ޘ‬࿾ၞߩ㆑޿ߦߟ޿ߡᜰ៰ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫⾰ߩ⑳ޕ‬໧ߪ‫ߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬㑐ߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿾඙ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ડᬺ߿⚵❱ߛߌߢߥߊ૑᳃߇޿߹ߔ‫ో࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬૕ࠍㅢߒߡ‫ޔ‬૑᳃ߦߟ޿ߡߪߤߎ
߹ߢ⠨ᘦߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߪ⑳ޕ‬කᏧߥߩߢ‫଻ޔ‬ஜⴡ↢ߩ⁁ᴫߦᄢᄌ⥝๧߇޽ࠅ߹
ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣ߿࿾ၞߩᣣᏱ↢ᵴߦ߽ᷓ޿㑐ଥ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬૑᳃ߦኻߔࠆ㈩ᘦߦߟ޿ߡ‫߅ߊߒ⹦ޔ‬⡞߆ߖ޿ߚߛߌࠇ߫ᐘ޿ߢߔ‫߅ߊߒࠈࠃޕ‬㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ
⑳߇వߦ⊒⸒ߒߡࠃࠈߒ޿ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫⾰ߏޔߪߢޕ‬໧ࠍ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ߪࠇߎޕ‬޽ࠆᗧ๧ߢ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ᏷ߩᐢ޿ߏ⾰໧ߢߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬㧡ߟߩᄢቇߩ߁ߜ‫ߪߟߣ߭ޔ‬ࡔ࠺ࠖࠞ࡞࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ߢ‫ߩߟߣ߭߁߽ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ߎߩࡔ࠺ࠖࠞ࡞࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞ࠍᡰេߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫࡞ࠬ࠶ࡖࠠ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᄢቇߣ࠳࡜ࡓᄢቇߢߔ‫ߩઁߩߘޕ‬㧟ߟߩᄢቇߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌߦఝࠇߚࡋ࡞ࠬ࡮ࠬࠢ࡯࡞߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߦߪ  ฬߩቇ↢߇߅ࠅ‫⼔⋴ޔ‬Ꮷ‫ޔ‬ഥ↥Ꮷ‫ߩઁߩߘޔ‬ක≮㑐ㅪߩኾ㐷⡯ߥߤࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ኾ㐷ࠦ࡯ࠬࠍㆇ༡ߔࠆߛ
ߌߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ஜᐽჇㅴ‫ޔ‬ஜᐽ▤ℂߦ㑐ߔࠆ৻⥸ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖะߌߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩឭଏ߽᜛
ᄢߒߡ‫ޔ‬ஜᐽ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߒߡࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߳ߩ㑐ਈࠍᷓ߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇߣࠦࡒࡘ
࠾࠹ࠖߩߘߩઁߩᓎഀࠍ⠨ᘦߒ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇ↢ᵴ߳ߩੱ‫ߩޘ‬㑐ࠊࠅࠍផㅴߒࠃ߁ߣߒ
ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩ⑳ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ᄢቇߢߪ‫ޔ‬㧥㨪㧝㧜ᱦߩఽ┬ߚߜࠍ㧝㨪㧞ㅳ㑆‫ޔ‬ቇᩞ߆ࠄᄢቇ
ߦ᜗߈‫ߩߘޔ‬ῳᲣ߽ᄢቇߦ᜗޿ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߩߚ߼ߦᵴേࠍ↪ᗧߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߢߩ↢ᵴߦෳടߐߖ߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ޿ߊߟ߆ߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬ቇ૏ࠦ࡯ࠬߢߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬߽ߞߣዊߐߥࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߢߔ߇‫ߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦࠍࠄࠇߎޔ‬ขࠅ౉ࠇ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦᔕߓ
ߡឭଏߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬૑᳃߇ᓐࠄߩ㑐ᔃ߿Ꮧᦸࠍવ߃ߡߊࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦଦߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫ⴕ⹜ޔ‬㍲⺋ࠍ⚻ߡ‫ࠍ߈ߟ߮⚿ߩߣࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ᷓ߼ࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߣห
᭽ߩᣇᴺߢ‫ޔ߽ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߩ৻ㇱߣߺߥߐࠇࠆࠃ߁‫↪ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔ‬ㅜߦᄢቇߩᣉ⸳ࠍ೑↪ߔࠆߎߣࠍ‫ߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬൘߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߦߎߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬ო߇޽ߞߚ
ߣߒߡ߽‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦㅘ᣿ᕈߩ㜞޿ოߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߣࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߇⋧੕ߦ⥄↱ߦ੤ᵹߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁‫ࠍߜߚ⑳߇ޘੱޔ‬࿾ၞߩ⾗Ḯߣ⠨߃ߡߊࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ოࠍ᠗ᑄߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫⾰ߏ߇ࠇߎޕ‬໧߳ߩ╵߃ߩᚻ߇߆ࠅߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦർ਻Ꮊߩᣇ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬หߓ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬દ⮮ߪ޿‫ߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޕ‬㑐ߒߡ⸒߃߫‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߣ㕖Ᏹߦᒝ࿕ߥ߈ߕߥ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߣ߽ߣ߽ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫⺆ޔ‬ቇቇᩞࠍ᳞߼ࠆᏒ᳃ߩჿߦᔕ߃ߡ⸳
┙ߐࠇߚ౏┙ᄢቇߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ዋߒᱧผߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬ᢌᚢ⋥ᓟߩ  ᐕߦ⸳┙ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᚢ೨ߪ‫ޔ‬ᐕ㈩ߩᣇߪⷡ߃ߡ޿ࠄߞߒ߾ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹
ߖࠎ߇‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕߚߒ߹޿ߡࠇࠄߓ⑌ߪߣߎߔ⹤ࠍ⺆⧷ޔ‬ᢌᚢᓟ‫ࠍ⺆⧷߇ޘੱߩߡߴߔޔ‬ቇ߱ࠃ߁᳞߼ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ࠍ⺆⧷ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ቇ߮ߚ޿ߣ޿߁Ꮢ᳃ߩⷐᦸ߇㕖Ᏹߦᒝ߆ߞߚߩ
ߢ‫ޔ‬ዊୖᏒ߇࠾࡯࠭ߦᔕ߃ߡ⺆ቇቇᩞࠍ㐿⸳ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔ߇ࠇߎޕ‬ᄖ࿖⺆ᄢቇߦ⊒ዷߒ‫ᦨޔ‬⚳⊛ߦർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇߣߥߞߚߩߢߔ‫⃻ޕ‬࿷ߪ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙ⅣႺᎿቇㇱ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⊒ޕ‬ዷߩฦᲑ㓏ߢ‫ޔ‬Ꮢ᳃ߩჿ߇෻ᤋߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ߣࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ᄢᄌ✕ኒߥ߈ߕߥߢ⚿߫ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⿒Ꮉ
⑳ߚߜߪߘࠇࠍᒰὼߩߎߣߣฃߌᱛ߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ߇ࠇߘޕ‬Ꮢ┙ᄢቇߣߒߡߩ⽿ോߢ޽ࠅᢥൻߩ৻ㇱߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ
޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᰴߦ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߦ⒖ࠅߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⴫⊒ߩߢ߹੹ޕ‬⠪ߩᣇ‫߅ߦࠫ࡯࠹ࠬޔߪޘ‬਄߇ࠅਅߐ޿‫↪ߩࠫ࡯࠹ࠬޕ‬ᗧࠍߔࠆ㑆‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߩ߹ߣ߼ߦ౉ࠆ
೨ߦ‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩࠤ࡯ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖߩࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߦឭ⿠ߒߚ޿‫ోࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈߪߚ߹ޔ‬૕ߢ⸛⼏ߒߚ޿ో⥸⊛ߥ໧㗴ὐߦߟ޿ߡ‫߅ޔ‬⠨߃ߦߥߞߡ߅޿ߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ἙỵἋỽἕἉἹὅ
ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾࠨ࡯࡮࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ ࡠࡦ࠼ࡦᄢቇᢎ⢒⎇ⓥᚲᢎ᝼
ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉߩઍ⴫ߩᣇ‫ޔ߽ޘ‬ർ᧲ㇱߣർ਻Ꮊߩઍ⴫ߩᣇ‫ߦޘ‬วᵹߐࠇ߹ߒ
ߚߨ‫ޔߪߢࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈߩߎޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦኒធߥ㑐ࠊࠅ߇޽ࠆታ㓙⊛ߥ໧㗴ࠍ㊀ⷞߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ᦨߪࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶ࠞࠬࠖ࠺ߩߎޔߢߎߘޕ‬ᓟߩ߹ߣ߼ߦ౉ࠆ೨ߩ⍴޿ᤨ㑆ߢߔ߇‫ᦨޔ‬ೋߦ‫ࠖ࠺࠲ࠬ࡮ࠬ࡯ࠤޔ‬ෳട⠪ߩᣇ‫⊝ޔޘ‬᭽ߩ⋡ߩ೨ߩს਄ߩᣇ‫ޔߦޘ‬໧㗴ࠍឭ⿠ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
ߎߩ⒳ߩ࿖ኅ㑆ߩᲧセ⺞ᩏ߿ಽᨆߪ‫ޔ‬࿎㔍ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߢ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞ߟߩ࿖ኅࠍ
ขࠅ਄ߍࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߢห৻ߩ⚵❱߇޿ߊߟ߆⷗ߟ߆ࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߩࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩߥ߆
ߦߪ‫ߩࠄߜߤޔ‬࿖ߢ߽හᐳߦ⷗ಽߌ߇ߟߊ߽ߩ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬หߓࠃ߁ߦ⷗߃ࠆߌࠇ
ߤ߽‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߪ߆ߥࠅ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᣣߩඦᓟߩ࠮࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩㆊ⒟ߢ‫ޔ‬ਔ࿖ߢ౏⊛ᡰេߣ᳃㑆ᡰេߩႺ⇇✢߇߆ߥࠅ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥߞߚࠃ߁ߢߔ‫ޕ‬৻ㇱߩࠤ࡯ࠬߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ㇺᏒ߇ઍ⴫ߔࠆ࿾ၞߣ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ᐢ▸࿐ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߇ઍ⴫ߔࠆ
࿾ၞߣࠍኻᾖߐߖ߹ߒߚ߇‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ᐢ▸࿐ߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕߿Ꮢᒰዪߣห
᭽ߩᣇᴺߢఝవ੐㗄ࠍߣࠅ߹ߣ߼ࠆ᡽ᴦ⊛ߥᨒ⚵ߺࠍᜬߚߥ޿ߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬߹ߞߚߊ⇣ߥࠆ⚵❱߽޿ߊߟ߆޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⥝ޔߪߢࠖ࠺࠲ࠬ࡮ࠬ࡯ࠤޕ‬๧ᷓߊታࠅᄙ޿ⶄᢙ
ߩ⋧㆑ὐ߇᣿ࠄ߆ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ὐࠍ⢛᥊ߣߒߡ‫߇⑳ޔ‬ს਄ߩ⊝᭽ߦ߅዆ߨߒߚ޿ߩߪ‫৻߁߽ޔ‬ᣇߩ࿖
߆ࠄ⒖ⴕน⢻ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉ߇߭ߣߟߢ߽⷗ߟ߆ߞߚ߆ߤ߁߆‫ߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ߔ‫ޔߜࠊߥߔޕ‬೎ߩⅣႺਅߦ⒖ᬀߒߡ⢒ߡࠆߎߣ߇᦭⋉ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉߩߎ
ߣߢߔ‫߁઻ߦࠇߘޔߊߥߪߢߩߊߛߚ޿߃╵߅ߢߣߎߣ߭ޕ‬㓚ኂ߿น⢻ᕈߣߒߡߤߩࠃ߁
ߥὐ߇⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ߆ࠍ‫ߦߜߚ⑳ޔ‬᣿␜ߒߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߩߢߔ‫ᦨ߇ߚߥߤޕ‬ೋߦ߅╵߃ߦߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁߆‫࡞࠮࡯ࡄޕ‬వ↢‫߅ߊߒࠈࠃޔ‬㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࠙ࠚࡦ࠺ࠖ࡯࡮ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ ࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇ೽ቇ㐳޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫࡮࠴࡯ࠨ࡝࡮ࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߚߓ⺰ߢࡦ࡚ࠪ࡯࠹ࡦ࠯࡟ࡊߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ߭ߣߟߩ଀ߦၮߠߊ߽ߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߦߪ‫ޔ‬ડᬺࠍ฽߻ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ
ߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇‫ޟ‬ᄢቇߦታᣉߒߡ߶ߒ޿ౕ૕⊛ߥ⎇ⓥࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ߆‫ߣޠ‬๭߮߆ߌࠆ⚵❱߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄢቇ஥ߪ‫ࠍ࠻ࠢࠚࠫࡠࡊߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬ㆀⴕߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ߁
߆ࠍ‫ޔ‬㐳ᦼߦࠊߚࠆࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߢᩏቯߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒ߁ߎޕ‬Ფᐕ㧝㧜ઙ߆ࠄ㧝㧡ઙߩࡊࡠࠫࠚ
ࠢ࠻ࠍㆬᛯߒ‫ޔ‬㧝ᐕ㑆ߩ⎇ⓥߩᚑᨐࠍ‫⋥ޔ‬ធࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߦႎ๔ߒ߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬⒖ᬀน
⢻ߥࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߢ޽ࠅ‫ࠬࡀࠫࡆޔ‬㑐ㅪߩ⾰໧ߛߌߢߥߊ␠ળߦ㑐ߔࠆ⾰໧߽ᜪ޿਄ߍࠆߎ
ߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߪߢ⸃⷗ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ޿ߊߟ߆ߩ⎇ⓥࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ࠍ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙࡟ࡌ࡞ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ర‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ߽ߞߣ✕ኒߦㅪ៤ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙⎇ⓥߣ࿖ౝ⎇ⓥߦߟ޿ߡߪ㗫❥ߦ⡊ߦߒ߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬࿾ర߿࿾ၞߩ⎇ⓥߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫߇ࠇߎޔߪ⑳ޕࠎߖ߹ࠅ޽߽ߢߤ߶ࠇߘޔ‬Ꮻ࿖ᓟߦㅊⓥߒߚ޿ࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉߩ߭ߣߟ
ߢ޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㓚ოߩ߭ߣߟߪ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬෼౉ߣេഥߩ㕙ߢ᣿⏕ߦᡰᜬߒߡ޿ߊߎߣߢ
ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞ࡟ࡌ࡞޽ࠆ޿ߪ࿖ౝ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ‫ࠍࠇߘޔ‬ᛚ⹺ߐߖࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿾ၞߦߗ߭ᜬߜᏫࠅߚ޿ߎߣߣߒߡ‫ߩߎޔ‬ὐࠍ᜼ߍߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦੑችవ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ੑች ⊥ ᐢፉᄢቇℂ੐࡮೽ቇ㐳㧔⎇ⓥᜂᒰ㧕޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇ߿ᐢፉ࿾ၞߩⅣႺߦ‫ࠍߩ߽ߩߘࡉࠖ࠹ࠕࠪ࠾ࠗޔ‬቟ో߆ߟ◲නߦ⒖ᬀߢ߈ࠆߣߪᕁ޿߹ߖࠎ߇‫࡯ࡖࠪ࠼࡯ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡂޔ‬ᄢቇߩࠗ࠾ࠪࠕ࠹ࠖࡉߩ
⢛ᓟߦ޽ࠆࠕࠗ࠺ࠕߪ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇߩน⢻ᕈࠍ▤ℂߒ᜛ᄢߔࠆ਄ߢ‫߅ޔ‬ᚻᧄ߿ෳ⠨ߣߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ขࠅ౉ࠇߚࠅߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߢߔ‫ߏޕߔ߹ߒ੺⚫ߏࠍ଀ߩߟߣ߭ߩߘޕ‬ሽߓߩࠃ߁
ߦࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߢᦨ߽ੱ᳇߇޽ࠆᤋ↹ߩ߭ߣߟ‫ޔ‬‫ޠ࡯࠲࠶ࡐ࡮࡯࡝ࡂޟ‬ߢᐢߊ⍮ࠄࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬਎⇇ਛ߆ࠄᄙߊߩቇ↢ߚߜ߇‫࡯ࡖࠪ࠼࡯ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡂޔ‬ᄢቇߩᤋ↹࡮⟤ⴚ࡮࠺ࠩࠗࡦቇㇱߦ߿ߞߡ߈߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬዁᧪ߩᤋ↹⋙〈߿ᤋ↹ࠬ࠲࠶ࡈࠍ⋡ᜰߔ⧯޿਎ઍߩᢎ⢒ߩ⢛ᓟߦ޽ࠆࠕࠗ࠺ࠕߣߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ⥄૕߇‫ޔ‬㓹↪น⢻ᕈࠍ᜛ᄢߔࠆࠃ߁ᜰዉ
ߔࠆߎߣߪਇน⢻ߢߔ‫ߩߤޕ‬ᄢቇ߽‫ࠅ޽ߢ࠻ࡦࠕࠗ࡜ࠢޔ‬㘈ቴߢ޽ࠆቇ↢ߩ㓹↪น⢻ᕈߩ଻⸽ߦ‫⽿ޔ‬છࠍ⽶ࠊߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߏߦߢߔޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ሽߓߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩࠞ࡝ࠠ
ࡘ࡜ࡓߣ␠ળߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍࡑ࠶࠴ߐߖࠆߎߣߪ‫ߡ߼ࠊ߈ޔ‬࿎㔍ߢߔ‫ޔ߼ߚߩߘޕ‬ቇ↢ߩਛߦߪ‫ޔ‬ㆡᕈ߿ᄢቇߢቇࠎߛߎߣߣߩ㑐ㅪᕈࠍ⷗಴ߖߥ޿߹߹‫ޔ‬ળ␠ߦዞ⡯ߔࠆ⠪߇޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ળ␠ߣᄢቇ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ળ␠߿ߘߩࡆࠫࡀࠬ࠴ࡖࡦࠬߦᧄᒰߦᔅⷐߥ
ࠬࠠ࡞߿⾗⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ‫✎ޔ‬ኒߥ⹤ߒว޿ࠍⴕߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫৻ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ㇱߩቇ↢ߪ‫ޔ‬⡯႐ߢනߥࠆࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊߢߪߥߊ‫⥄ࠅࠃޔ‬ಽߦวߞߚࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊࠍฃߌࠆᯏળ
ࠍᓧࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᤋ↹ળ␠ߪ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔ‬୥⵬ߩਛߢ߽ߞߣ߽ఝࠇߚቇ↢ࠍ‫ޔ‬㧞‫ޔ‬㧟ฬㆬ߮಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ߪࠇߎޔߪ⑳ޕ‬ᄢᄌㆡಾߥᢎ⢒ߢ޽ࠅࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡦࠪ࠶ࡊߢ޽ࠆ
ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶ࡒߩ৻╙ޕ‬࿾రߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦ⽸₂ߒߚࠅ࿾ၞߩჿߦᔕ߃ߚࠅߔࠆߛ
ߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ⡯႐߿ᬺ⇇ߦ߅ߌࠆᧄᒰߦㆡᩰߥቇ↢ࠍ⢒ᚑߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊࠍߐࠄߦ⊒ዷߐߖࠆߎߣߦ޽ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߢࠇߎޕ‬㓹↪⠪ߣߩߎ߁ߒߚ✎ኒߥ⹤ߒว޿ߦኻߔࠆ⹺⼂߇᣿⊕ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔࠎߐࡦ࠻ࡦ࡝ࡉޕ‬ࠨ࡞࡮ࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼᧲ㇱᄢቇදળ੐ോዪ㐳੹ߩ଀ߦ߭ߣߎߣઃߌട߃ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ߩ࠼ࠗ࡜ࠬߚߒߖ⷗߅߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ਛߢ‫ޔ‬ਛᄩߦ‫ޟ‬+UUWG‫ߚࠇߐ␜⴫ߣޠ‬౞ߩ࿑ࠍⷡ߃ߡ߅ߌ߫‫ߪࠎߐ⊝ޔ‬ᨵエߦኻᔕߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈‫ޔ‬㘃ૃὐ߿⋧㆑ὐߦᝄࠅ࿁ߐࠇࠆߎߣߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔ߽ߩߔ߹ߒ↳ߣޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߢ߽࿾ၞߢ߽࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߢ߽‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦ⊝ߐࠎ߇ߥߐࠆߩߪ‫ߩࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬㐳ᚲࠍሽಽߦ↢߆ߔߎߣߛ߆ࠄߢߔ‫࡯࠲࠶ࡐ࡮࡯࡝ࡂߩ߹޿ߛߚޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᤋ↹ࠬ࠲ࠫࠝߩ଀ߢߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠߇‫ޔ‬ᤋ↹ࠬ࠲ࠫࠝߩ㐿⸳ߦ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㐳޿ᱧผ߇␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ‫⊝ߒ߽ޔ‬᭽߇໧㗴ߦ⌀೶ߦขࠅ⚵߹ࠇࠆߥࠄ߫‫ޔ‬૗߽ᔃ㈩ߔࠆᔅⷐߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬㓚ოߪขࠅ㒰ߊߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫ߦ߆߶ߩߘޕ‬⒖ᬀߦ㑐ߒߡߥߦ߆ߏߑ޿߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޕ‬⿒Ꮉ⾆㓶 ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇ࿖㓙ⅣႺᎿቇㇱಎᢎ᝼ߎࠇߪ‫⧷⸰߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ਛߕߞߣ⹤ߒวߞߡ޿ߚ࠹࡯ࡑߢߔ‫ޔߗߥޟ߽ߟ޿ߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ቇ↢ᢙࠍჇ߿ߐߥ޿ߩߢߔ߆‫ߣߞ߽ޕ‬෼౉߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆߩߦ‫ޕ‬‫⾰ߣޠ‬໧ࠍฃߌߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߒߘޕ‬ߡ‫ޔ߽ߩ߁޿ߣޕߚߒߢࠎߖ߹ࠅ߆ࠊ߆޿ࠃߡ߃╵߁ߤߪߜߚߒߚࠊޔ‬ᱜⷙߩቇ૏ࠍขᓧ
ߢ߈ࠆቇ↢ߩᢙߦߪ਄㒢߇޽ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ߒ⹤ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ว޿ࠍ⛯ߌࠆ߁ߜߦ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ቇ↢ࠍ൐㓸ߔࠆ૛࿾߇޽ࠆߎߣߦ߽᳇ߠ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޕ‬ቇ૏߇⹺ቯߐࠇߥ޿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ
ߢቯຬࠍჇ߿ߔน⢻ᕈߢߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩᔕ↪Ḱቇ૏ߦૃߚࠃ߁ߥ೙ᐲߢߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᣂߚߥቇ૏߿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍഃ⸳ߔࠆߣ޿߁ߎߩ⠨߃ᣇߪ‫ߡߞߣߦߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢ߈ߥࡅࡦ࠻ߣߥࠅ
߹ߒߚ‫ࠍࠕ࠺ࠗࠕߩߎޕ‬ታ㓙ߦዉ౉ߔࠆ਄ߢߩ㓚ኂߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ኻಣߔߴ߈໧㗴ߪᢙᄙߊ޽ࠅ‫ߩߎߪ⑳ޔ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ታ㓙ߦᣣᧄߩᚲロ⋭ᐡߦ߅ુ޿ߒߚ޿ߣᕁߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
߽ߒ⑳ߚߜ߇ߎߩ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߒว߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬዁᧪⊛ߦ㕖Ᏹߦ᦭⋉ߢ޽ࠅ‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣ‫⊝ߡ޿߅ߦࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈߩߎޔ‬᭽ߩ೨ߢߎߩὐߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߒߐߖߡ޿ߚߛߊߎߣߪ‫⛘ޔ‬ᅢߩᯏળߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬દ⮮ஜ৻ ർ਻ᎺᏒ┙ᄢቇ࿖㓙ᢎ⢒੤ᵹ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐳⑳߇ᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌߚ߽߁߭ߣߟߩὐߪ‫ߩ⑳ޔ‬ႎ๔ߢ߽↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߒߚ߇‫⿠ޔ‬ᬺᵴേߩὐߢ
ߔ‫࠼ࠗࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޕ‬ᄢቇࠍ⸰໧ߒߚ㓙‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᄢ߈ߥࡆࠢ࠻࡝ࠕ࡮ࡂ࠙ࠬ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ቇ↢ߚߜ߇┙ߜ޽ߍߚળ␠߇ㆇ༡ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣߢߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߢ߽‫ޔ‬තᬺ↢ߩਛߦ⿠ᬺኅߪ
޿߹ߔ‫⃻ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᓎቇ↢‫ޔ‬තᬺ೨ߩ৻⥸ߩቇ↢ߢ޽ࠆ⿠ᬺኅࠍᡰេߔࠆᣉ⸳߿ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
ߪ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇߦߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᣧᕆߦขࠅ⚵߻ߴ߈ᦨ㊀ⷐ⺖㗴ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߩࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈޔߪߢޕ‬㑐ଥ⠪߿ߘߩઁߩᣇ‫߽ߦޘ‬ෳടࠍ߅㗿޿ߒߡ‫ߣ޿ߚ߈ߛߚ޿ߡߒ⼏⸛ޔ‬ᕁ޿߹ߔ‫⊝ߩࠕࡠࡈޕ‬᭽߇ឭ⿠ߥߐࠅߚ޿ὐߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ
߆‫ޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬ს਄ߩᣇ‫ߣޘ‬ห᭽ߦ⡬ⴐߩ⊝᭽ߦ߽‫ࠄ߆⑳ޔ‬໧㗴ࠍ಴ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ㗿ᦸ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ૑᳃ߩ㗿ᦸ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ㗿ᦸߩ৻⥌ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦ⥄ାࠍᜬߞߡ⹤ߒวߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔ߫߃ߣߚޔߢࠈߎߣޕ‬ᄢቇߩ࿖㓙⊛ߥࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߣ࿾ၞࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ
ߩࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߣߩ㑆ߦ‫ޔ‬ẜ࿷⊛ߥኻ┙ߪߥ޿ߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿾ၞߩჿߦኻᔕߒ
දജ⊛ߢ޽ࠆᄢቇߢ޽ࠇ߫‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬ᄢቇ߇࿖㓙⊛ߦ߽ఝࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ߩࠃ߁ߦ‫⏕ޔ‬ାࠍᜬߞߡ⹤ߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇߩࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߣߪ‫ోࡓ࠹ࠬࠪޔ‬૕ߢ৻⥸ߦߎߩࠃ߁ߦ
⹏ଔߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߥߩ߆ߤ߁߆‫ߪߦ⑳ޔ‬ቯ߆ߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߪߦߎߘޕ‬ኻ┙ߪߥ޿ߩߢߒࠂ
߁߆‫ޕ‬ኻ┙߇޽ࠆߣߔࠇ߫‫ߩߘޔ‬ኻ┙ࠍ✭๺ߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߣ࿖㓙⊛ߥථ⿧ᕈߩㅊ᳞ߣߩ৻⥌ࠍ᜛ᄢߔࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ߪߦߜߚ⑳ޔ‬૗߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ߏ߆ߦߥޕ‬ᗧ⷗߿ࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋޔߪߢޕ‬వ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ࠣ࡟ࠕࡓ࡮ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ ࠹ࠖ࡯ࠨࠗ࠼ᄢቇ㐳࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼వ↢‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥߎߣࠍᜰ៰ߒߡߊߛߐߞߚ‫ߒ↳ߣޔ‬਄ߍࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿ߚ
ߩߢߔ‫ߩ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ㐳ᐕߦࠊߚߞߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩᄢቇߣ⸒ࠊࠇߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߡࠇࠊ⸒߁ߘ߽੹ޕ‬޿߹ߔ߇‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߪޘੱޔ‬࿾ၞ૑᳃ߦᢎ⢒ࠍឭଏߔࠆߎߣࠍᜰߒߡ‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߎޔ‬๭ࠎߢ޿ࠆߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞߩᄢቇߣߪ‫ޔ‬ᓐࠄߦߣߞߡߘ߁޿߁ᗧ๧ࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪ⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞࠍ࿖㓙⊛ߥ⥰บߦ᛼ߒ਄ߍࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ᜰߔ߆ࠄߎߘ‫ߩ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇߪ࿾ၞߩᄢቇߛ
ߣᕁ߁ߩߢߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ಣℂ↥ᬺߢ޽ࠇࠦࡦࡇࡘ࡯࠲࡮ࠕ࠾ࡔ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢ޽ࠇ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇਎⇇⊛ߦ߽ఝࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇⸽᣿ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬਎⇇ਛߩੱ‫࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔ߇ޘ‬ർ᧲ㇱࠍ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯࡮ࠝࡉ࡮ࠛࠢ࠮࡟ࡦࠬߣߒߡ⹤㗴ߦߔࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ߪߡߞߣߦ⑳ޔ߽ࠇߘޕ‬࿾ၞߩᄢቇߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ޔ߇ࠇߘޕ‬࿾ၞ૑᳃ࠍᢎ⢒ߒะ਄ߐߖࠆߣ޿߁⑳ߚߜߩఝవ
⺖㗴ࠍ៊ߥ߁ߎߣߪ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕߚߒߢࠎߖ߹ࠅ޽ߊߚߞ߹ޔ‬หᤨߦ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬࿖㓙⊛ߥථ⿧ᕈࠍㅊ᳞ߒߚ޿ߩߢߔ‫⥄ߣߎࠆߔ߁ߘޔߪࠇߎޕ‬૕߽߹ߚ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩ዁᧪ࠍ଻⸽ߔࠆ
߆ࠄߢߔ‫ߩߟߣ߭ޔߪ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇౝ‫ߩߟߣ߭ޔ‬࿾ၞౝߦߎߩ㧞ὐ߇ήℂߥߊ౒ሽน⢻ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦߘߩઁߦࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޕ‬દ⮮వ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬દ⮮
⑳ߪߚ߹ߚ߹‫ޔ‬࿖㓙ᢎ⢒੤ᵹ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߩ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯㐳ࠍോ߼ߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔߩߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬㑐ㅪߩ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡዋߒ߅⹤ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᶏᄖߩᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣߩቇ↢੤ᵹࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᬌ
⸛ߔࠆ႐ว‫ߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ‬ᶏᄖߩᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߣᢎຬߩ੤ᵹࠍⴕ߁႐ว‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߦ૗ࠄ߆ߩᒝജߥ
ࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖ߇ᔅⷐߢߔ‫ޕ‬૗ߩ․⦡߽ߥ޿ᄢቇߛߞߚࠄ‫߽⺕ޔ‬㑐ᔃࠍነߖߡߊࠇߥ޿
ߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ቇᄖߩੱ‫߇ޘ‬ᄢቇߦ⥝๧ࠍᜬߟߚ߼ߦߪ‫ޔ‬᣿⏕ߥࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖ‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬࿾ၞߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖ߿ᱧผߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕࠗ࠺ࡦ࠹ࠖ࠹ࠖ߇‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߦᰳ߆ߖ߹ߖ
ࠎ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᗧ๧߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙੤ᵹߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ਄ߢ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ․ᕈ߇߽ߞߣ߽㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ᆫ൓ߪ‫ޔ‬ᒰὼ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙⊛᳓Ḱߩ⎇ⓥ⠪ࠍ⢒ߡࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ࡦ࠻ࡦ࡝ࡉޕ‬వ↢‫ޔ‬૗߆ࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߔ߆‫ޕ‬ࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ
ߪ޿‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋޔߪ⑳ޔ‬వ↢߇߅ߞߒ߾ߞߚߎߣߦหᗵߢߔ‫ߩ⴫⊒߇ࠎߐ࠽࡯ࡗޕ‬ਛߢ‫ࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤޔ‬ᄢቇߦ߅ߌࠆࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦߟ޿ߡ⸒෸ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ߩߤࠎߣ߶ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔߪޘ‬ࠤࡦࡉ࡝࠶ࠫᄢቇࠍ࿖㓙⊛ߢ޽ࠆߣ߅⠨߃ߦߥࠆߎߣߢߒࠂ߁‫ߩߎޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬਎⇇╙㧞૏ߦ࡜ࡦࠢߐࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ඦ೨ਛߩࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼వ↢ߩ⊒⴫ߦ߽޽ߞߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ਗᄖࠇߚ⎇ⓥ⢻ജࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߋߔߩࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄖ஥ߦ૏⟎ߔࠆ⽺࿎࿾ၞ‫ޔ‬ࡈࠚࡦ࠭࿾ၞߦ߅ߌࠆߎߩᄢቇߩข⚵ߺ߽‫᦭ߪߢࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦޔ‬ฬߢᵈ⋡ࠍ㓸߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ข⚵ߺࠍ㕖Ᏹߦ⹶ࠅߦߒߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ჿ㜞ߦ⸅ࠇ߹ࠊߞߚࠅߪߒߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇߪ‫৻ޔ‬ㇱߩવ⛔ߩ޽ࠆ᦭ฬᄢቇߣห᭽ߦ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱ߿࿾ၞߩᄢቇ‫ ޔ‬ᐕએ㒠ߦ᣹ᩰߒߚᣂᄢቇߦ߽ㆡ↪ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਔ⠪ߩ㑆ߦ૗߆ኻ┙߇↢ߓࠆߣߪ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߪߦᤨޕ‬ቇⴚ⇇ߢ⑳ߚߜߩദജࠍᔅⷐߣߔࠆஜోߥኻ┙߇↢߹ࠇ‫✕ߦߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᒛᗵࠍਈ߃ߡߊࠇࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦࡄ࡯࠮࡞వ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ࡄ࡯࠮࡞ߚߛ޿߹ߩߏ⊒⸒‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋࠄ߆ࠇߘޔ‬వ↢ߩߏ⊒⸒ߦ⾥ᚑߢߔ‫ࠪ࠼࡯ࠜࡈ࠻࡯ࡂޕ‬ࡖ࡯ᄢቇߪ࿾ၞߦᩮࠍᒛࠆ৻ᣇߢ਎⇇ߣߟߥ߇ߞߡ޿ࠆߣ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߒߘޕ‬ߡ‫ޔߪ⦡․ߩߎޔ‬࿖㓙⊛ߥఝ૏ᕈࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆ਄ߢᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥὐߢߔ‫ߩ࠼࡞࡯ࠖࡈ࠻࠶ࡂޕ‬ࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬߦߪ‫ޔ‬㧥㧟ߩ࿖☋ߩቇ↢ߣ‫ޔ‬㧢㧡ߩ࿖☋ߩࠬ࠲࠶ࡈ߇޿߹ߔ‫ޔ߇ࠇߎޕ‬ᢎ⢒߿ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ࡙࠾࡯ࠢߥ࿖㓙⦡ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ታ⃻ߐߖߚ޿ߎߣߩ߭ߣߟ
ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߣߩ㑆ߩቇ↢ߩᓔ᧪ࠍჇടߐߖࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿾ၞߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣߣ‫ޔ‬ᶏᄖߣߩ㑐ଥ߇޽ࠆߎߣߣߩ㑆ߦߪ‫ޔ‬૗߽ኻ┙ὐߪ⷗ฃߌࠄࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫⿒ޔߪߢޕ‬Ꮉవ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬
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߭ߣߎߣߛߌઃߌട߃ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫⑎ޕ‬໧╵ߩࠃ߁ߦ⡞ߎ߃ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ߇‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇㇺᏒ࡮࿾ၞߩᒙὐߪ਎⇇౒ㅢߩ໧㗴ߢߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬࿾ᣇߩᒙὐࠍ਎⇇ߢ౒᦭ߔࠆ
ߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ߩߡߴߔޕ‬ಽ㊁ߢ⑲ߢߡ޿ࠆᔅⷐߪߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᒙὐ߿໧㗴ὐࠍ౒᦭ߔࠇ߫޿޿
ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬࿾ၞߩఝࠇߚᄢቇߢ޽ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩ໧㗴ࠍ⸃᳿ߔࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙␠ળ߿ߘߩઁߩ࿾ᣇ࡮࿾ၞߢߘߩ⸃᳿╷ࠍ౒᦭ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߩߢߪߥ޿ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߪߢࠇߘޕ‬ੑችవ↢‫ޕߙ߁ߤޔ‬ੑችߒ߆ߒ৻ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ᡽ᐭߪ৻ㇱߩᄢቇߦኻߒߡ‫࠻࡯࡝ࠛߪ޿ࠆ޽ࠬ࡜ࠢࡊ࠶࠻ޔ‬ᄢቇߣߥࠆߎߣࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ᦨޕ‬ㄭߩᣂ⡞ߩႎ㆏ߦࠃࠅ߹ߔߣ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߢ⹏ଔ߇㜞޿৻ᵹᄢቇ㧟㧜ᩞߩߥ߆ߦᣣᧄߩᄢቇ߇㧡ᩞએ਄࡜ࡦࠢࠗࡦߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿‫ߣޔ‬ᣣᧄ᡽ᐭߪት⸒ߒ
ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧣㧜㧜ᩞߩ߁ߜࠊߕ߆㧡ᩞߛߌߢߔ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇ߇ߘߩ࡜ࡦࠢߩߤߎߦ૏⟎ߔࠆ߆‫ޔ‬ኈᤃߦ߅ࠊ߆ࠅߦߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬㧡ᩞߛߌ߇࿖㓙␠ળߩ࿖㓙⊛࠾࡯࠭ߦᔕ߃ࠆᔅ
ⷐ߇޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᱷࠅߩ㧢㧥㧡ᩞߪ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦኻᔕߔࠆߛߌߢ޿޿ߩߢߔ‫ޔ߇ࠇߘޕ‬࿖┙
ᄢቇ߿⑳┙ᄢቇߩ዁᧪ߢߔ‫ࡦ࠰࠻ࡢ࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬వ↢ߩ⾰໧ߦ߅╵߃ߔࠆߩߪ‫߽ߡߣޔ‬㔍ߒ޿ߎߣߢߔ‫ߩߤޕ‬ᄢቇ߽‫ޔ‬࿖㓙⊛ߥࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍᨐߚߔߚ߼ߦ㊀ⷐߥᓎഀࠍᜂ߁ߴ߈ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߩᣇ㊎ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߪ㧣ߟߩᯏ⢻ߣࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍㆬᛯߒ⚵ߺวࠊߖࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕߔ߹޿ߡࠇߐߣޔ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߢ࠻࠶ࡊࠢ࡜ࠬߩᄢቇ
ߣߥࠆߎߣࠍᒝߊ㗿ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫߇⑳ޕ‬ℂ⸃ߔࠆ㒢ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙⊛ߥࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍᨐߚߔߎߣ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߦㅢ↪ߔࠆᄢቇߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔߪࠇߘޔ‬ᄢቇߦ࿖㓙᳓Ḱߩ⎇ⓥ⢻ജ߇޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߩࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇߣㅪ៤ߒߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ࠾࡯࠭߿᰷Ꮊડᬺߩ࠾࡯࠭
ߦኻᔕߢ߈ࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᐢፉᄢቇߪߎ߁ߒߚᣇᴺߢ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߛߌߢߥ
ߊࠕࡈ࡝ࠞߦ߽⽸₂ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޔ࠽࡯ࠟޔࠛࡉࡃࡦࠫޔࠕ࠾ࠤޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ධࠕࡈ࡝ࠞ౒๺࿖ߩ࠾࡯࠭ߦኻᔕߔࠆߚ߼‫ߢࠞ࡝ࡈࠕޔ‬ᄙߊߩᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ߡ‫ޔ‬਎⇇ߩ㕖Ᏹߦᄙ᭽ߥ࠾࡯࠭ߦ⽸₂ߔࠆߣ޿߁࿖㓙⊛ߥࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍᨐߚߒߡ޿ࠆߣ⸒
߃ࠆߥࠄ߫‫ޔ‬਎⇇᦭ᢙߩᄢቇߢ޽ࠆ‫ߪ⑳ߣޔ‬⠨߃߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦߎࠇߪ‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬ᄢቇߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߦ߅޿ߡ⋥㕙ߖߑࠆࠍ߃ߥ޿ኻ┙ߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄߣ⧷࿖ߛߌߢ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ߟ߆⊛↹⸘ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ല₸⊛ߥࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩᄙ᭽ᕈࠍ᡽ᐭ߇᳞߼
ߡ޿ࠆߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬㧞㧝਎♿ߩೋᦼߦ↢ߓߚኻ┙ߢߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ฦᄢቇ߇หߓࠃ߁ߥ⹏ଔࠍㅊ
޿᳞߼ࠆߣ޿߁੐ታࠍ‫⊝ޔߡߒߘޕࠎߖ߹ࠅߥ߫ࠇߌߥߒⷞ⋥ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬᭽߇ᛴ߃ߡ߅ࠄ
ࠇࠆ໧㗴ߦߪ‫⸃ߩߟߣ߭ޔ‬᳿╷߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧠ߟߩᄢቇࠍㆬ߮‫ޔ‬ᱷࠅߩߔߴߡߩᄢቇࠍ╬ߒߊ㧡⇟⋡ߦ૏⟎ߠߌࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬㕙⊕޿ߎߣߦ⧷࿖ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇౉ቇᏗᦸ⠪ߦ㈩Ꮣߔࠆቇᩞ᩺ౝᦠߩ⸥ㅀߢ‫ޔ‬㓹↪น⢻ᕈߦ߅޿ߡ਄૏㧝㧜ᩞߦ౉ߞߡ޿ࠆߣት⸒ߒߡ޿ࠆᄢቇ߇
㧟㧜ᩞએ਄޽ࠆߩߢߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ฬჿࠍ੎߁໧㗴ߪ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ߽ᶖ߃ࠆߎߣߩߥ޿ኻ┙ߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎߢ⼏⸛ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬໧㗴ࠍ⋥ⷞߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ర߿࿾ၞߢఝࠇߚജࠍ⊒ើߔࠆ㆏߇޽ࠆߣ޿߁੐ታࠍ⹺⼂ߔࠆߎߣߦߪ‫ޔ‬૗ࠄ߆ߩଔ୯߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ఝ⑲ߐ߇ߔߴߡ⎇ⓥㇱ㐷ߣ⚿߮ߟ޿ߡ޿ࠆߣߪ㒢ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᦨᓟߩ㧟ಽ㑆ߦ‫ోޔ‬૕ߦኻߒߡᦨᓟߩ໧㗴ࠍឭ␜ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫᧛ᧁޔߪࠇߎޕ‬వ↢߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߚࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩ߭ߣߟߦᚯࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ඦ೨ਛߦ⹤ߒวߞߚߩߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬චಽߦ߹ߣ߼ࠆߦߪ⥋ࠄߥ߆ߞߚࠃ߁ߦᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔߪࠇߘޕ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ੱ⊛⾗Ḯࠍ⢒ᚑߔࠆข⚵ߺߣ⚻ᷣ⊒ዷߩᡰេ‫␠ߡߒߘޔ‬ળ⊛৻૕ᕈ‫␠ޔ‬ળᱜ⟵‫ߥ⊛⥸ోޔ‬ḩ⿷ᐲ‫ߦࠖ࠹࠾ࡘࡒࠦߜࠊߥߔޔ‬ఝࠇߚᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇࠆᢥൻ⊛ߥḩ⿷ᐲ‫ޔ‬ߎ߁ߒߚᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇޽ࠆࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᡰេ⠪ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⹶ࠅߦߒ‫ߩߘߪߦᤨޔ‬৻ຬߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐࠍ฽߼‫ޔ‬ቇ⠌ߩ᏷ᐢ޿೑⋉ࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩᓎഀࠍߤߩ
ࠃ߁ߦ⚿߮ߟߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆‫ޕߔߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬࿾ၞ߿ࠦࡒࡘ࠾࠹ࠖ߳ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߩ
⽸₂ߩߚ߼ߦ‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ⊛‫␠ޔ‬ળ⊛ⷐ࿃㑆ߩኻ┙ࠍ✭๺ߔࠆ਄ߢ⑳ߚߜߦߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬૗߆ߏᗧ⷗ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫੹ޕ‬ㅳߩᵴേߩᚑᨐߣߒߡ૗߆ฬ᩺߇↢߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹
ߖࠎߩߢ‫ޔߕ߹ޔ‬ს਄ߩᣇ‫ߣ޿ߚߒ޿ુ߅ߦޘ‬ᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬੹ᦺߩᧁ᧛వ↢ߩ߅⹤ߪ‫ߕ߹ޔ‬᡽ᐭߦ⚻ᷣ⊛ߥⷐ࿃߇ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣࠍ␜ໂߔࠆ
߽ߩߢߒߚ‫⚻ޕ߆߁ࠂߒߢ޿ߒࠈࠃߢ⺰⚿ߚߒ߁ߘޕ‬ᷣࠍ⋥ធࠨࡐ࡯࠻ߔࠆ࿾ၞࡌ࡯ࠬߩ
ᄢቇߩ⊒ዷߣ‫␠ޔ‬ળߣᢥൻࠍᡰ߃ࠆ✚ว⊛ߥᄢቇߩข⚵ߺߣߩ㑆ߩኻ┙ࠍ‫✭ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬๺ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߢߒࠂ߁߆‫᧛ᧁޕ‬వ↢‫߅ޔ‬㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ ቃ ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴㐳ߏ⾰໧ߦ⊛⏕ߦ߅╵߃ߢ߈ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߇‫੹ޔ‬ᣣߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߢ߭ߣ
ߟ⸅ࠇࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚߎߣ߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬࿾ᣇ᡽ᐭߦ߅ߌࠆ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߩᓎഀߢߔ‫ޕ‬ඦ೨ਛߦ⺑᣿↳ߒ਄ߍߚࠃ߁ߦ‫߇ࠊޔ‬࿖ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߩᵴᕈൻߩߚ߼ߦᄙߊߩ⸘↹ࠍታᣉߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᚑഞߒߚ߽ߩ߽޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬ਇ⺞ߥ߽ߩ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᚑഞߒߚࠤ࡯ࠬ
ࠍ⺞ߴࠆߣ‫ޔ‬Ᏹߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ᦭⢻ߥᏒ㐳߿⍮੐ߩࠃ߁ߥੱ‫ߩޘ‬ሽ࿷߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫଀޿⦟ߩߘޕ‬߇‫ޔ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߢߔ‫ᧃޕ‬ศߐࠎߣ޿߁㕖Ᏹߦ᦭⢻ߥᏒ㐳ߐࠎ߇߅ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㧞㧜ᐕ㑆‫ޔ‬Ꮢ㐳ࠍോ߼ࠄࠇߚߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߪ⑳ޕ‬એ೨‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞߦ૑ࠎߢ߅ࠅ߹ߒߚߩߢ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷ߩᓳ⥝߱ࠅࠍ㕖Ᏹߦሜߒߊᕁߞߡ޿߹ߔ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬࿾ၞ߳ߩᧃศߐࠎߩ⽸₂ߪ㕖Ᏹߦߔ߫ࠄߒ޿߽ߩ
ߢߔ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߪ‫ߏ߹޿ߛߚޔ‬ᜰ៰ߩ޽ߞߚ໧㗴ࠍ✭๺ߔࠆࠦ࡯࠺ࠖࡀ࡯࠲࡯ࠍോ߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ർ਻ᎺᏒߪߘߩౖဳ⊛ߥ଀ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ࡦ࠻ࡦ࡝ࡉޔߪߢޕ‬వ↢߆ࠄᦨᓟߦ߭ߣߎߣ߅㗿޿ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡉ࡝ࡦ࠻ࡦ
ߎߩ㧞ߟߩ໧㗴ߪ‫ޔ‬㧝ᨎߩࠦࠗࡦߩⵣ⴫ߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫߇ࠇߘޕ‬㊀ⷐߥࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߢߔ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡ‫ߦࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ޔߪ⑳ޔ‬㑐ߔࠆ໧㗴ߦో㕙⊛ߦ⾥ᚑߢߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߛߌߢߥߊᄢቇ߿ߘߩઁߩ࿾ၞࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߦߣߞߡ߽ห᭽ߢߔ‫ޕ‬૗߆߇㗅⺞ߦᯏ⢻ߒߡ޿ࠆᤨ
ߦߪ‫ޔ‬ఝࠇߚ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߩሽ࿷߇㓙┙ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߥ߹ߑ߹ߐޔߪࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠳࡯࡝ޕ‬ಽ㊁ߢ⊒↢ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ข⚵ߺࠍ₸޿ߡ޿ࠆߩߪ߭ߣࠅߩੱ‛ߛߣߒߡ߽‫߇ࠇߎޟޔ‬ᱜߒ޿ⴕേߛ‫޿ߣޠ‬߁ߘߩઁߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߩჿߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌᄢ߈ߥᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦవ↢‫ᦨޔ‬ᓟߦࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߆‫ޕ‬ࡋࡦ࠳࡯࠰ࡦ
ߎߩߏ⾰໧ߦߪ⊝᭽߽߅࿎ࠅߦߥߞߚߎߣߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫߽ߡߣޔߪࠇߎޕ‬㔍ߒ޿໧㗴ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߒ߆ߒ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱ࿾ၞ‫⧷߽ࠅࠃ߁޿ߣޔ‬࿖ో૕ߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ࡦ࡚ࠫ࡯࡞ࠢࡦࠗ࡮࡞ࡖࠪ࡯࠰ޔ‬ߦ㑐ߔࠆߎ߁ߒߚ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ⌀೶ߦขࠅ⚵ߺ‫ޔ‬ᷓߊ⠨߃ࠃ߁ߣߔࠆേ߈߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߘޕ‬ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄙߊߩᄢቇ߇ቇౝߦߎߩ໧㗴ࠍᜂᒰߔࠆᯏ㑐ࠍ⸳⟎ߒࠃ߁ߣߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠨ࡯ࠖ࠹ޕ‬ࠗ࠼ᄢቇߦ߽‫߁޿ߣޠ࠻࡯ࡘ࠴ࠖ࠹ࠬࡦࠗ࡮࡯ࡖ࠴࡯ࡘࡈ࡮࡞ࡖࠪ࡯࠰ޟ‬ᯏ㑐߇޽ࠅ‫࠰ޔ‬࡯ࠪࡖ࡞࡮ࠗࡦࠢ࡞࡯࡚ࠫࡦߦ㑐ߔࠆߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᵴേࠍⴕߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩർㇱߣධㇱߦ‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩ޿ࠊࠁࠆㇺᏒ඙ၞࠍ⸳ቯߒ߹ߒߚ‫࡯࡝߽ߦࠄߜߤޕ‬࠳࡯‫ߜࠊߥߔޔ‬Ꮢ᳃࿅૕ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯‫ޔ‬࿾ᣇ⥄ᴦ૕ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯‫ޔ‬᳃㑆ㇱ㐷ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯‫࡜ࡏޔ‬ࡦ࠹ࠖࠕㇱ㐷ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯‫ޔ‬ᢎ⢒⇇ߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯߇දജߔࠆ⛔ᴦ೙ᐲ߇޽ࠅ‫ߩࠄࠇߎޔ‬໧㗴ߦදജߒߡኻಣߔࠆᣇ╷ࠍ⸛⼏ߒ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬໧㗴ߪ‫ޔ‬૑ቛ໧㗴ߢ޽ߞߚࠅ‫ޔ‬㓹↪໧㗴‫ޔ‬⥄ዅᔃߩ໧㗴ߢ޽ߞߚࠅߒ߹ߔ‫߇߃╵߅ߩߚߥ޽ޔߪ⑳ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᱜߒ޿ߣ޿߁᳇߇ߒ߹
ߔ‫߇ޘੱޕ‬࿾ၞ⚻ᷣߦ߅ߌࠆ᭽‫ߥޘ‬໧㗴߿‫ޔ‬㓹↪߿⥄ዅᔃߩᓳᵴߦข⚵߻೨ߦ‫ߦࠄߐޔ‬ᐢ▸࿐ߥ␠ળ໧㗴ߦኻಣߔࠆߎߣߪᄢᄌ࿎㔍ߢߔ‫ߡ߼ߣ߹ࠍߡߴߔޕ‬ᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣߦᗧ⟵߇޽ࠆߩ߆߽ߒࠇ߹ߖࠎ߇‫⚻ޔ‬ᷣ໧㗴ߩ߶߁߇ఝ൓ߢ޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ߦ․ޕ‬ฦ࿾ၞߢ㗎ᒛߞߡߊߛߐߞߚ࠴࡯ࡓߩᣇ‫␞߅ޔߦޘ‬ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫⊝ޕ‬᭽ߪᄛㆃߊ߹ߢ௛޿ߡ߅ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ఝࠇߚࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯ࠪ
࡚ࡦࠍⴕ޿‫ޔ‬໧㗴ὐࠍឭ⿠ߒߡߊߛߐ޿߹ߒߚ‫⊝ޔߪߢࠇߘޕ‬᭽‫ޔ‬ს਄ߩ⊝᭽ߣቴᏨߩᣇ‫ޘ‬ߦᗵ⻢ߒߡ‫ᧄޕ߁ࠂߒ߹ߒߚ޿ߣࠅࠊ⚳ޔ‬ᒰߦ޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬

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ἙỶ὆ỵἕἛὉỶὊἋἚỸἕἛ ίỶὅἂἻὅἛ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎ỽỸὅἉἽྸʙᧈὸ
ἊἹỴὅἜὉἢὊἁ ίἨἼἘỵἕἉἷὉỽỸὅἉἽᬟଐˊᘙὸ
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ᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾᴾมળ㧔ട⮮㧕ߘࠇߢߪࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᦨᓟߣ޿ߚߒ߹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬㐽ળߩ᜿ᜦߦ౉ࠄߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿
߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ೋ߼ߦᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ⧷࿖஥ផㅴᆔຬળࠃࠅࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩℂ੐㐳ߢ޽ࠅ߹ߔ࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼᭽ࠃࠅ㐽ળߩ᜿ᜦࠍ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫߅ߊߒࠈࠃߙ߁ߤޕ‬㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࠺ࠗࡧ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼ ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ℂ੐㐳ᦨೋߦ‫⊝ޔ‬᭽߇߅ߘࠄߊ⡊ߦߐࠇߚߎߣ߇ߥ޿ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߦߟ޿ߡ߅⹤ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹
ߔ‫߁޿ߣ࠷࡯ࠕ࡮ࡉࠝ࡮ࠫ࠶࡟ࠞ࡮ࡦ࠻ࡦࠖ࠹࡯࠳ޕ‬ቇᩞߢߔ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬ධ⷏ㇱߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ቇ↢ᢙ㧢㧜㧜ੱߩߣߡ߽ዊߐߥࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߢߔ‫ޕ‬㖸ᭉ‫ޔࠬࡦ࠳ޔ‬Ṷ഍‫࠹ࠢ࡜ࡊޔ‬ࠖࠞ࡞ࠕ࡯࠻߇ኾ㐷ߢߔ‫߁޿ߣࠬࡀ࠻࠻ޕ‬ዊߐߥ↸ߦ㓞ធߒߚ↰࿦࿾Ꮺߦ޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㐳޿㑆‫᦭⑳ߪࠫ࠶࡟ࠞߩߎޔ‬࿾ߦ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᑪ‛ࠍᚲ᦭ߒߡ޿߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ߩઁޔߡߒߘޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇ߒߡ߈ߚߎߣߩᄙߊࠍታⴕߢ߈߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣂߒ޿ᑪ‛ߦᛩ⾗ߒߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿ቇ↢ኰߦᛩ⾗ߒߚࠅߔࠆߎߣߥߤߪ‫ޔߡߒߘޕߔߢߩߚߞ߆ߥ߈ߢޔ‬㐳ᐕߦࠊߚߞߡ‫࠻ޔ‬࠻ࡀࠬߩ૑᳃߇࠳࡯࠹ࠖࡦ࠻ࡦ࡮ࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߩߎߣࠍญߦߔࠆᤨߪ޿ߟ߽‫ޔ‬ቇ↢߇㊄ᦐ߿࿯ᦐߩᷓᄛߦߚߡࠆ㛍㖸߇⹤㗴ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ߦ↸ޔߚ߹ޕ‬૑ࠎߢ޿ࠆቇ↢ߚߜߩᓇ㗀ߢ૑ቛߩଔᩰ߇୯਄߇ࠅߒߚߎߣߥߤ߽‫⹤ޔ‬㗴ߦߩ߷ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⃻࿷‫ߩ੹߇ࠫ࠶࡟ࠞߩߎޔ‬࿯࿾ࠍ┙ߜㅌ߆ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿੐ᘒߦ㒱ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߎߘޕ‬ߢ‫ߣࠫ࠶࡟ࠞ࡮ࡦ࠻ࡦࠖ࠹࡯࠳ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬දജߒߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩઁߩ႐ᚲߢㆇ༡ߔࠆน⢻ᕈࠍតߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࠄ߆↸ߩࠬࡀ࠻࠻߇ࠫ࠶࡟ࠞߩߎޕ‬⒖ォߔࠆ੍ቯࠍ⍮ߞߡ‫ޔ‬ਅ㒮ߢ⸛⼏߇ⴕࠊࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ਅ㒮ߢߪ⇼໧ߩჿ߇਄߇ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿾ర⚕ߦࠃࠆࠠࡖࡦࡍ࡯ࡦ߽⿠ߎࠅ߹ߒ
ߚ‫ߩࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޔߡߒߘޕ‬዁᧪ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾రߩㆬ᜼ߩ⺰ὐߣߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠞ࡟࠶ࠫߩቇ↢ߪ‫߆ߕࠊޔ‬㧢㧜㧜ੱߢߔ‫ߩߘޔߦߩߥࠇߘޕ‬⒖ォߩ੍ቯߪ‫ߣ↸ޔ‬๟ㄝ࿾ၞߩ৻ㇱߦ഍⊛ߥᓇ㗀ࠍ߽ߚࠄߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐߇⑳ߚߜߩ࿾ၞߦሽ
࿷ߔࠆߎߣߩᄢಾߐࠍ‛⺆ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ⽸₂߇ߤࠇ߶ߤᒰὼߩࠃ߁
ߦฃߌᱛ߼ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠆ߆ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߦࠄߐޕ‬ᨵエᕈߩ㊀ⷐᕈ‫߿ࠫ࠶࡟ࠞޔ‬ᄢቇߩ዁᧪ߦᛩ⾗ߔࠆ⢻ജߩ㊀ⷐᕈࠍ⴫ߔ੐଀ߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߒߣ࡯࠳ࡦࠗࡑ࡝ޔߪ⹤ߩߎޕ‬ߡ⚫੺ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ዊⷙᮨߥ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߢ߽‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᣇᴺߢ㑐ਈߒߡ޿ࠆߎ
ߣࠍᔓࠇߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦߒߡ޿ߚߛߊߚ߼ߩ‫ޔߪࠇߎޔߚ߹ޕߔߢ࡯࠳ࡦࠗࡑ࡝ޔ‬࿾ၞ‫ޔ↸ޔ‬࿾ၞ␠ળ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩ⋧੕ଐሽߦ㑐ߔࠆ⹤ߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߩ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐㑐ଥߩႎ㆏ࠍ߅⺒ߺߦߥࠇ߫‫߁ࠃߩߤߦࠫ࠶࡟ࠞ࡮ࡦ࠻ࡦࠖ࠹࡯࠳߇ߜߚ⑳ߦ⊛⚳ᦨޔ‬ߦኻಣߒ‫⚿ߥ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ᨐ߇↢߹ࠇࠆ߆߇‫ޕ߁ࠂߒߢࠆߥߦࠅ߆ࠊ߅ޔ‬㐽ળߩߏ᜿ᜦߣߒߡ‫੹ޔ‬ᣣߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߩ࠹࡯ࡑ߆ࠄ޿ߊߟ߆ࠍᝄࠅ㄰ࠅ‫⚂ޔ‬㧢ᐕߦࠊߚߞߡ౒ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ੹ᓟߦߟ޿ߡ‫߹߈ߛߚ޿ߡߖߐߒ⹤߅ޔ‬ߔ‫ޕ‬㧟ߟߩὐߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߕ߹ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩᕈ⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩᕈ⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔߡߒߘޔ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߩᗧ⟵ߦߟ޿ߡߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߐ߈߶ߤ‫ࡦ࠰࠻ࡢ࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺ޔ‬వ↢߇⑳ߚߜߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ࿾ၞߢߩఝవ⺖㗴ߣ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝ߅ࠃ߮਎⇇ߢߩ⹏ଔߣ૏⟎ߠߌߣߩ㑐ଥߦߟ޿ߡ‫߅ޔ‬዆ߨߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫߁߽ߪ⑳ޕ‬ዋߒߢߘߩ⾰໧ߦ╵߃ࠆߣߎࠈߢߒߚ߇‫ߩߎޔߦߢߔޔ‬ὐߦ㑐ߔࠆࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ㐽ળߩߏ᜿ᜦߢ߅
⹤ߒࠃ߁ߣ᳿߼ߡ޿ߚߩߢ‫⥄ޔ‬ಽߩࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍߘߩ႐ߢ↳ߒ਄ߍࠆߩߪប߃ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ
߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ߇࿾ၞߦ߽ߚࠄߔലᨐߪ‫ߩߘޔ‬࿾ၞߩᄖߢᜂߞߡ޿ࠆᓎഀߦᄢ᏷ߦᏀฝߐࠇࠆࠃ߁
ߢߔ‫ߩߘޕ‬ᄢቇ߇නߥࠆ࿾ၞ⚵❱ߢ޽ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩઁߩ⚵❱ߣ૗߽ᄌࠊࠅߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ߇࿾ၞߦ߽ߚࠄߔᓇ㗀ߩ߭ߣߟߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝᄖߩᚽ⢻ߦࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߔࠆ⢻ജ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝᄖߩ⎇ⓥߦࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߔࠆ⢻ജ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝᄖߩࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢߦࠕࠢ࠮ࠬߔࠆ⢻ജߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߩ⇣ߥࠆᕈ⾰ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ‫ޔ‬ฦᄢቇߪߐ߹ߑ߹ߥᣇᴺߢߎࠇࠍታⴕߒ߹ߔ‫ࠫ࠶࡝ࡉࡦࠤޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬หߓߊࠤࡦࡉ࡝࠶ࠫߦࠠࡖࡦࡄࠬ߇޽ࠆࠕࡦࠣ࡝ࠕ࡮࡜ࠬࠠࡦᄢቇߣ⇣ߥࠆᣇᴺࠍ↪޿ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪߘࠇࠍ⍮ߞߡ޿߹ߔߒ‫ޔ‬ℂ⸃ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋ࡮ࡓࠕ࡟ࠣޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬వ↢߇߅ߞߒ߾ߞߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬࿖ౝᄖߦ㑐ࠊࠅࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ࡦ࡝ࡉޔߚ߹ޕ‬࠻ࡦవ↢߇ࠤࡦࡉ࡝࠶ࠫߦߟ޿ߡߩ߅⹤ߢ⸒ࠊࠇߚࠃ߁ߦ‫ߩߡߴߔޔ‬ᄢቇߪ࿾ၞߢߩᓎഀ
ߣ࿾ၞ߳ߩᓇ㗀ജࠍᜬߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ὐ߇⍦⋫ࠍ↢߻ߣߪ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ߎࠇࠄߪ⋧੕ଐሽߩ㑐ଥߦ޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ࠢ࡯ࡢ࠻࠶ࡀߩ߈ߟ߮⚿ߚߒ߁ߎޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ߣࡀ࠶࠻ࡢ࡯ࠢ߳ߩ㑐ਈߦ‫▤ޔ‬ℂ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪ⏕߆ߢߔ‫ޕ‬⑳߇↳ߒ਄ߍߚ޿╙㧞ߩὐߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞෳടࠍࠨ࡯࠼࡮ࠬ࠻࡝࡯ࡓᵴേߣߣࠄ߃ࠆߴ߈ߢߪ
ߥ޿‫ޕߔߢߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬㧠᦬ߦࡂ࡯࠻ࡈࠜ࡯࠼ࠪࡖ࡯ᄢቇߢ㐿௅ߐࠇߚ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ో࿖ળ⼏ߦ಴Ꮸߒߚ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ߏߪޘ‬ሽߓߢߒࠂ߁߇‫⺆↪߁޿ߣޠࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨޟߪ⑳ޔ‬ࠍᑄᱛߒߚ޿ߩߢߔ‫ޔߊߥߢߌߛࠆߔ↪૶߇ߜߚ⑳ߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔࠄ߆ߔߢޕ‬หߓ↪⺆ࠍᣣᧄߩᣇ‫ࠍߩࠆࠇࠄ߅ߡߒ↪૶߇ޘ‬⍮ߞߡ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ᄢᄌ߇ߞ߆ࠅߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬གྷ߆ࠊߒ޿ャ಴ߣ޿߁ߴ߈ߢߒࠂ߁‫⊝ޔ߇⑳ޕ‬᭽ߦ‫ࠍ⃻⴫߁޿ߣޠࡓ࡯࡝࠻ࠬ࡮࠼࡯ࠨޟ‬ᔓࠇߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߩߪ‫߇ࠇߘޔ‬ઃട⊛ߥ߽ߩ‫ޔ‬છᗧߢㆬᛯߐࠇߚ߽ߩ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢቇߩข⚵ߺߦㅊടߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ‫␜ޔ‬ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣ⹤ߒวߞߡ߈ߚߎߣࠍ
߅⠨߃ߦߥࠇ߫‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ㅳ㑆ߦࠊߚࠆข⚵ߺߩਛᔃߦ૗߇޽ߞߚ߆ࠍ߅⠨߃ߦߥࠇ߫‫⑳ޔ‬
ߚߜ߇ታ㓙ߦ⸛⼏ߒߡ߈ߚౝኈߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩሽ࿷ߩᩮᧄߦ߆߆ࠊࠆߎߣߥߩߢߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᢎ⢒‫ޔ‬ኾ㐷⊛⢻ജߩ㐿⊒‫ޔ‬ၮ␆⎇ⓥ‫ޔ‬ᔕ↪⎇ⓥࠍ฽߼ߚ⎇ⓥߦߟ޿ߡ⹤ߒวߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᢥൻߦ㑐ࠊࠆ႐ߣߒߡ‫ߚ߹ޔ‬ᢥൻߦ߅ߌࠆἮบߣߒߡߩᄢቇߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߒ⹤ޔ‬วߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡ⑳ߚߜ߇⸛⼏ߔࠆ㓙ߦ⺰ὐߣߥࠆߩߪ‫߁ߎޔ‬ߒߚᄢቇߩਛᩭ⊛ᵴേ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩਛᩭ⊛⢻ജࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ࿾ၞߦឭଏߔࠆ߆ߣ޿߁ὐߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺰ὐߪ‫ޔ‬೎ߩ૗߆ࠍߔࠆߣ޿߁ࠃ߁ߥߎߣߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ
ߒ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߦ૗߆ࠍㅊടߔࠆߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬ᄢቇߩਛᩭߦ޽ࠆ߽ߩࠍ
࿾ၞߦ㐿᡼ߒ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߣ㑐ࠊࠅࠍᜬߚߖ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߳Ⓧᭂ⊛ߦෳടߐߖࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦࠍᝄࠅ㄰ߞߡ⠨߃ߡ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿㧟⇟⋡ߩ✚ว⊛ߥࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߪ‫ߩߜߚ⑳߇ࠇߎޔ‬ᄢቇߦߣߞߡ૗ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ߆ߣ޿߁ὐߢߔ‫߇߆ߚߥߤޕ‬వ߶ߤ߅዆ߨߦߥߞߚὐߢᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥߏ⾰໧ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇ㑐ଥ⠪ߦߣߞߡ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬૗ࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆߩ
ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄߩᤨ㑆ߩ૶޿ᣇߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤߪࠇߘޔ‬ᗧ๧ࠍᜬߟߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᓐࠄ߇⥄ಽߩࠬࠠ࡞ࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߤߪࠇߘޔ‬ᗧ๧ࠍᜬߟߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬࿾ၞ⽸₂ߦߟ޿ߡᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㓙ߦ⑳ߚߜ߇ญߦߔࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ᭽‫⾗ߥޘ‬Ḯ߿ੱ᧚ߩᵴ↪‫ޔ‬⡯ຬߩᵴ↪‫ߩࠬࡄࡦࡖࠠޔ‬㐿᡼‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩࠡࡖ࡜࡝࡯߿ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᣉ⸳ߩឭଏߥߤߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇߽ߞߣᨵエߢߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߣ޿߁ߎߣߢߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬㐿⊒ߦ㑐ࠊࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߢ߽࿾ᣇ
⥄ᴦ૕ߘߩઁߦ㑐ଥߒߡ޿ࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߦ߅޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩઁߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯߇ឭ⿠ߔࠆ໧
㗴ߦ‫ߣߞ߽ޔ‬ᨵエߦኻಣߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩਛᩭᵴേߩ৻ㇱߣߒߡ࿾ၞ⽸₂ࠍ⚵ߺㄟ߻ᣇᴺߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߩ⚻༡㒯ߦߣߞߡߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫⋥߇ߜߚ⑳ߢ࠼ࡦ࡜ࠣࡦࠗޔߡߒߘޕ‬㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ⺖㗴ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߩ⊝᭽߇⋥㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ⺖㗴ߣߘࠇ߶ߤ㆑޿ߪߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬⑳ߚߜߪ‫⚻ᧂޔ‬㛎ߩછോߦข⚵߻ߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ஥ߦ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆߩߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޕ‬ᣂߒ޿㗔ၞߩᵴേࠍⴕ߁ߎߣࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆߩߢ߽޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߦ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆߩߪ‫ޔ‬⇣ߥࠆᣇᴺߢข⚵߻ߎߣߢߔ‫⃻߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߪࠇߘޕ‬࿷‫ߦ߁ࠃߩߤޔ‬ᢎ߃ࠆ߆‫ޔߪߦࠄߐޔ‬ߤߎߢᢎ߃ࠆ߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ᣂߚߥ⺖㗴ߦ⋥㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦో
૕ࠍ⽾ߊᵹࠇߩ߭ߣߟߪ‫ޔ‬ᣢሽߩഭ௛ജߩࠬࠠ࡞ߩะ਄ߣ޿߁⺖㗴ߢߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߤߪࠇߘޕ‬ߤߩࠃ߁ߦ߿ࠆߩߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޕ‬ᢎቶߢ᝼ᬺࠍฃߌࠆߚ߼ߦᄢቇߦㅢ޿⛯ߌࠆࠃ߁‫ߦޘੱޔ‬᳞߼ࠆߴ߈ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫⊒ޔ߽ߣࠇߘޕ‬ᗐࠍォ឵ߒߡ‫ޔ‬వㅴ⊛ߥㅢାࡔ࠺ࠖࠕࠍᵴ↪ߒ⡯႐ߦ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ࠍឭଏߔࠆᚻᲑࠍᎿᄦߔߴ߈ߢߒࠂ߁߆‫ޔߪߡ޿߅ߦ࠳ࡦࠚࠫࠕߩߎޕ‬ᢎ⢒߿
⽸₂ߩᣇᴺ߇⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫ޔߤ߁ࠂߜߪࠇߎޕ‬ડᬺߣߩኻ⹤ࠍㅴዷߐߖࠆᣇᴺ
߇⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆߩߣหߓߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᤓᣣ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ࠍ⸰໧ߒ‫ޔߢߎߘޔ‬ડᬺߣ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐ߩኻ⹤ߢ㗫❥ߦߺࠄࠇࠆ
⁁ᴫ߇⹤㗴ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ᯏ㑐஥ߪ‫ޟ‬ᬺ⇇ߪ‫ޔ‬૗ࠍ᳞߼ߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ࠍߎߜࠄߦ⹤
ߒߡߊࠇߥ޿‫ޔ޿⸒ߣޠ‬ᬺ⇇஥ߪ‫ޟ‬ᄢቇ߇ㅍࠅㄟࠎߛතᬺ↢ߪ‫߇ࠄߜߎޔ‬᳞߼ߡ޿ߚੱ᧚
ߢߪߥ޿‫ޟߪߜߚ⑳ޔߢߺߓߥ߅ߦߜߚ⑳ߪࠅߣࠅ߿ߚߒ߁ߎߩߢ⺆⧷ޕߔ߹޿⸒ߣޠ‬ਇᲫߥኻ⹤‫ߣޠ‬๭ࠎߢ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬෺ᣇ߇㒱ߞߡ޿ࠆ⁁ᴫߢߔ‫ߔߥ߇ߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ߴ߈ߎߣߪ‫⋧ޔ‬ᚻߦ⥄ಽߩ⹤ࠍචಽߦવ߃‫⋧ޔ‬ᚻߩ⹤ߦචಽߦ⡊ࠍ௑ߌࠆᣇᴺࠍߐࠄߦᡷ

ༀߒߡ‫ޔ‬ડᬺߩ࠾࡯࠭ࠍᄢቇ஥߇ࠃࠅ⊛⏕ߦℂ⸃ߒ‫ޔ‬ᜰዉߣቇ⠌ߦኻߔࠆᄢቇߩ㑐ਈ‫ߎޔ‬ࠇߪතᬺᓟߩඨᐕ㑆ߛߌߢߥߊ↢ᶦߦࠊߚߞߡ⛯ߊ߽ߩߢߔ߇‫ߩߎޔ‬㑐ਈࠍડᬺ߇ࠃࠅ⊛⏕ߦℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁࿑ࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᒁ߈⛯߈‫ޔ‬ᄢቇߣ࿾ၞߣ㑆ߩᣂߚߥ⽸₂ᣇᴺࠍ㐿⊒ߒ‫⽸ߩߘޔ‬₂ߦ߅ߌࠆᣂߚߥ⋧੕ℂ⸃ࠍㅴዷߐߖࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߘߒߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ਛᔃߣߥࠆߩߪ‫੹ޕߔߢࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔ‬ᣣߩඦᓟߦ⚫੺ߐࠇߚߩߪ‫ޔ‬㐳޿ᤨ㑆ࠍ߆ߌߡ⧎㐿޿ߚࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ߿‫ޔ‬ᆫࠍ⃻ࠊߒߪߓ߼ߚ߫߆ࠅߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯
ࠪ࠶ࡊߢߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߩⷰὐ߆ࠄࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ߎޔ‬߁ߒߚࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߪ‫ޔ‬㧟ߟߩߎߣࠍㆀⴕߔࠆߚ߼ߦሽ࿷ߒߡ޿ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇ߹ߔ‫߭ޕ‬ߣߟߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ߇ߔߢߦᜬߞߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᣣ↥ࠨࡦ࠳࡯࡜ࡦ࠼Ꮏ႐߇ߘߩ৻଀ߢߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥ㓹↪⠪߇޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ർ᧲ㇱߩ႐วߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢⷙᮨߥኻౝ
ᛩ⾗߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ડᬺ߇ߘߩ࿾ၞߦߣߤ߹ࠅ‫❥ޔ‬ᩕߒ‫ޔ‬ᛩ⾗ࠍ⛮⛯ߔࠆߦߪ‫ߘޔ‬ߩડᬺ߇ᔅⷐߣߒᦼᓙߔࠆ⾗Ḯࠍ࿾ၞ߇ឭଏߔࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫᦭ޕ‬⢻ߥੱ‫ࠍޘ‬ଏ⛎ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߣߐࠇ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬ડᬺߩഭ௛ജߣߒߡ‫޿ߒࠊߐ߰ޔ‬තᬺ↢ࠍㅍࠅߎ߻ᔅⷐ
߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޕ‬੐଀ߪᄙߊߩಽ㊁‫ߦ․ޔ‬ᣣᧄߣ⧷࿖ߢߪ㗫❥ߦ⷗ฃߌࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਔ࿖ߪ‫ੱޔ‬ઙ⾌߇ߪࠆ߆ߦ቟޿ᄖ࿖ߣߩ┹੎ߦ⋥㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ߩߘߦߢߔޕ‬࿾ၞߢㆇ༡ߒᚑഞߒ೑⋉ࠍ᜼ߍߡ޿ࠆડᬺࠍᡰេߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ߇ߥߌࠇ߫‫ߡ߇߿ޔ‬࿾ၞߪߘߩડᬺࠍᄬߞߡߒ߹߁ߢߒࠂ߁‫╙ߩࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬㧝ߩ㎛ߪ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߦߔߢߦ޽ࠆ߽ߩࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߣߥࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧞⇟⋡ߪ‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߢ⑳ߚߜ߇⚻㛎ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ታ⃻ߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ߽ߩࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߢߔ‫ߪ੹ޕ‬ታ⃻ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߌࠇߤ߽‫ޔ‬ታ⃻ߔࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ߽ߩߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߪᄢቇ஥߆ࠄ‫߇⾰ޔ‬㜞޿ኻౝᛩ⾗ࠍ๭߮ㄟ߻ߚ߼‫ޔ‬࿾ၞ㐿⊒౏␠߿࿾ᣇ᡽ᐭߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߣ౒ߦᄢቇߦᛩ⾗߇ߢ߈ߥ޿߆ߤ߁߆ᛂ⸻ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߣߎ
ࠈߢߔ‫ࡊߚߒ߁ߎޔߒ߽ߪ޿ࠆ޽ޔ߫ࠇ޽߇ࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄߚߒ߁ߎޔߒ߽ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߇ᄢቇߦ޽ࠇ߫‫┹ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬੎਄ߩఝ૏ᕈࠍᓧࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᣂߚߥᛩ⾗ߩᵹ౉ߩน⢻ᕈ߇↢߹ࠇ߹ߔ‫ߦߢߔޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ሽ࿷ߔࠆ߽ߩࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߩ
ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߣ‫ޔ‬ᓧࠄࠇࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ߽ߩࠍᡰេߔࠆߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ߇޽
ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
ߘߒߡ‫╙ߩࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄߩߎޔ‬㧟ߩ᭴ᚑⷐ⚛ߪ‫↢ߚߒߣ߈↢߈↢ޔ‬ᵴߩߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯
࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߢߔ‫ޔߪߢࡦ࡚ࠪ࠶ࠞࠬࠖ࠺ߩߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳߳ߩ⽸₂ߩ႐ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬⚻ᷣ⊒ዷࠍផㅴߔࠆ႐ߢ޽ࠆߣ޿߁ᵹࠇ߇޽ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᄢቇߪߘࠇߛߌߩሽ࿷ߢ
ߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߩ࠺ࠖࠬࠞ࠶࡚ࠪࡦߦ߅ߌࠆ↢߈↢߈ߣߒߚ↢ᵴߩߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯
ࠪ࠶ࡊߦ㑐ߔࠆㇱಽ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬㧞ߟߩ߹ߞߚߊ⇣ߥࠆὐࠍ೉᜼ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߟߣ߭ޕ‬ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆᣣ⧷౒ㅢߩ ᔨߢߔ‫ޕ‬᳇୥ᄌേߦ㑐ߔࠆ ᔨ߇↢ߓߚ⚻✲ߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ߎߩ ᔨߪᄢቇ߆ࠄ↢߹ࠇߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᄢቇߪ‫ޔ‬࿾⃿ⅣႺ߳ߩ⃻࿷ߩ⢿ᆭ߇⹺⼂ߐࠇߚ⥰บߢ޽ࠅ‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ߽ߎߩ⺖㗴ߩࡕ࠺࡞ൻߣኻ╷ߩᢛ஻ߩਛᔃߣߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߪ‫↢ߚߒߣ߈↢߈↢ޔ‬ᵴߩߚ߼ߦᄢቇ߇࿾ၞߦ⽸₂ߔࠆ߭ߣߟߩᣇᴺ
ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫߇ޘੱޔߪߟߣ߭߁߽ޕ‬ᵴേߢ߈ࠆᢥൻ⊛ⅣႺߢߔ‫ߩߎߦߢߔޕ‬ὐߦߟ޿ߡߪ⸅ࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫ޔ‬ᢥൻ߇ᕷߠߊ႐‫ޔ‬ᢥൻߦ⸅ࠇࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ႐‫߹ߐޔߡߒߘޔ‬ߑ߹ߥᚻᲑߢ࿾ၞߩੱ‫↢ߩޘ‬ᵴߦẢ޿ࠍਈ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆⅣႺߣߒߡߩᄢቇߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ‫ߩߎޔ‬⒳ߩ࿾ၞࠕࠫࠚࡦ࠳ߩផㅴߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㧟⒳㘃ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ߇޽
ࠅ߹ߔ‫ߦߢߔޕ‬ሽ࿷ߔࠆ߽ߩࠍᡰេߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ‫ޔ‬ᓧࠄࠇࠆน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠆ߽ߩࠍ
ᡰេߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ‫ޔ‬࿾ၞߩ↢ᵴࠍ↢߈↢߈ߣߒߚ߽ߩߦߔࠆࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߢ
ߔ‫੹ޔ߇ߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ᓟ㧝㧜ᐕ㑆ߦߎࠇࠄߩ⺖㗴ߦ┙ߜะ߆߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ߦߢߔޔ‬㆐ᚑߒߚᚑᨐࠍߐࠄߦ᜛ᄢߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫⃻ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ઍ␠ળ࡮⚻ᷣߦߣߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᄢቇ߇޿߆ߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ߆‫ߤ߶ࠇߤޔ‬ਛᩭ⊛ߥሽ࿷ߢ޽ࠆ߆‫ޔ‬ᡷ߼ߡ⹺⼂ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߢ
ߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬
ᦨᓟߦ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧢ᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚߞߡ⑳ߚߜ߇౒หߢขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ዋߒࠦࡔࡦ࠻ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߤ߶ࠇߤ߇ࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬లታߒ‫޽߇޿߇ࠅ߿ߤ߶ࠇߤޔ‬ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚ߆‫ޔߚ߹ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ਔ࿖ߩ⚻㛎ߣ೨ะ߈ߥขࠅ⚵ߺߦߤࠇ߶ߤᷓ޿㑐ㅪᕈ߇޽ߞߚ߆‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣ‫ޔ‬චಽߦߏℂ⸃޿ߚߛߌߚߎߣߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ᧄޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᣣߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߣ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ㅳ㑆ߩදജߩᚑᨐࠍࠬ࠹࠶ࡊߣߒߡ‫੹ࠍࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ᓟߤߩࠃ߁ߦ
ㅴ߼ߡ޿ߊ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨߃ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫⿷ࠍࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔߢߎߘޕ‬႐ߦߢ߈ࠆ㧠ߟߩ✚ว⊛ߥ࠹࡯ࡑࠍ‫ޔ‬ឭ⸒ߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬߹ߕ‫❱⚵ޔ‬㑆ߩදജ૕೙ߩᢛ஻ࠍ⛮⛯ߐߖࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬╙㧟ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ߦߟ޿ߡ⑳߇㛳޿ߚߎߣ‫ᦨޔ‬ೋ߆ࠄߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߦ៤ࠊߞߡ߈ߚ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ߡߒ⹤ߣޘ‬㛳޿ߚߎߣߪ‫❱⚵ޔ‬㑆ߩ⌀ߩදജ૕೙߇↢߹ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ߦࠄߜߎޕ‬㧝࿁‫߳ࠄߜ޽ޔ‬㧝࿁ߩ⸰໧ߣ޿߁න⚐ߥ߽ߩߢߪߥߊ‫❱⚵ޔ‬㑆ߢ⢒߹ࠇ‫ޔ‬ᩮࠍਅࠈߒߚදജ
૕೙ߢߔ‫੹ޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᣣߩඦᓟߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢ‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ㅳ㑆ߦࠊߚߞߡข⚵ߺࠍㅴ߼ߡ߈ߚઍ⴫࿅߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥදജ㑐ଥ߇⺀↢ߒߟߟ޽ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޔߢߎߘޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚᣣ⧷ߩᄢቇ㑆ߩ⚵❱⊛දജ㑐ଥࠍ⢒ᚑߒ⛽ᜬߔࠆߎߣ߇‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬╙㧞ߦ‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣߩࡊ࡟࠯ࡦ࠹࡯࡚ࠪࡦߣߎߩ㧞ㅳ㑆ߩข⚵ߺࠍ⿷߇߆ࠅߣߒߡ‫ⶄޔ‬ᢙߩ࿾ၞ㑆੤ᵹࠍ⢒߻ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠇ߫‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦߔ߫ࠄߒ޿ଔ୯߇޽ࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬࿾ၞߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ߩޘ‬දജߦᔃ߆ࠄᗵ⻢ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬㧞ㅳ㑆ߦ⑳ߚߜ߇ផㅴߒߡ߈ߚ࿾
ၞ੤ᵹߩ⛽ᜬߣ⊒ዷ߆ࠄ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬૗߆ࠍቇ߱ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆߪߕߢߔ‫ޕ‬╙㧟ߩ࠹࡯ࡑ‫ߪࠇߎޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦ‫⃻ޔ‬࿷‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߩ⽿છߩ৻┵ࠍᜂߞߡ޿ࠆ
⑳⥄り߽㑐ࠊࠅ߇޽ࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬㧢ᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚࠆߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߆ࠄ↢߹ࠇߚ೙ᐲᲧセߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌ⾆㊀ߢలታߒߚ߽ߩߢ‫⋥߇ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬㕙ߒߡ޿ࠆ⺖㗴ߦߤߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒೙ᐲ߇ኻಣߢ߈ࠆ
߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈߹ߔ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇࿖㓙⊛ߥࡆࠫࡀࠬߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆ੹ᣣߩ
ⅣႺߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ߩ೙ᐲ࡟ࡌ࡞‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒೙ᐲ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ⚻㛎ࠍ౒᦭ߔࠆߎߣߪ᦭ᗧ⟵ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߚߒ߁ߎޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ኻ⹤ࠍ⛮⛯ߢ߈ࠆ㆏ࠍ⷗಴ߔᔅⷐ߇޽ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨᓟߦ‫ޔ‬వㅳ‫ޔ‬㑐ଥ⋭ᐡߩᄢ⤿߇⺞ශߒߚⷡᦠߦߟ޿ߡ‫߇ࠎߐࠢ࡯ࡃ࡮࠽ࡦࠕ࡚ࠫޔ‬㐿ળߩ᜿ᜦߢ⸒෸ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ߇‫ޔߊߥߢߌߛ࡞ࠪࡦ࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔߪᦠⷡߩߎޔ‬㑐ㅪߩᢎ⢒ㇱ㐷ߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߣ߽දജߒߡߎߩข⚵ߺࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ߊ਄ߢߩᨒ⚵ߺߣߥࠆߢߒࠂ߁‫ޕ‬ߒߚ߇ߞߡ‫ߢࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ၭߞߚផㅴജࠍ⛽ᜬߒߡ޿ߊᣇᴺߪ‫߽ߟߊ޿ޔ‬⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᓟ߶ߤ㐿߆ࠇࠆ࡟࠮ࡊ࡚ࠪࡦߩᏨߢࠦࡔࡦ࠻ࠍߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔߩߢ‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣ‫⊝߇⑳ޔ‬᭽ߦ߅⹤ߔࠆߩߪ‫ᦨ߇ࠇߎޔ‬ᓟߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬ᗵ⻢ߩ⸒⪲ߪᓟ߶ߤㅀߴߐ
ߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ߩߎޔߛߚޕ‬႐ߢ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷෺ᣇߩផㅴᆔຬળߩ⊝᭽ߦ‫ߦߡߴߔޔ‬ኻߔࠆᗵ⻢ߩ⸒⪲ࠍㅀߴߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬ផㅴߔࠆߚ߼ߦߏዧജߊߛߐߞߚ
ࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩ⊝᭽‫ޔߦ߼ߚߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬ᤨ㑆ߣ⾗Ḯࠍᄢᄌኡᄢߦឭଏߒߡߊߛߐߞߚ㑐ଥ⋭ᐡߘߩઁߩᯏ㑐ߩ⊝᭽‫ߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬ߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᚑഞߐߖࠆߚ߼ߦදജߒߡߊߛߐߞߚߔߴߡߩᣇ‫ޘ‬ߦ‫ޔ‬ᔃ߆ࠄᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼᭽‫࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉߡߒ߹߈⛯ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽߽߁ߤޔ‬ࡦࠪ࡞㚢ᣣઍ⴫ߩ࡚ࠫࠕࡦ࠽࡮ࡃ࡯ࠢ᭽ࠃࠅ㐽ળߩߏ᜿ᜦࠍ޿ߚߛ߈ߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫ߤޕ‬߁ߙࠃࠈߒߊ߅㗿޿↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࡚ࠫࠕࡦ࠽࡮ࡃ࡯ࠢ ࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞㚢ᣣઍ⴫޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߔ‫࠼࠶࠙࠻ࠬ࡯ࠗޕ‬వ↢ߩ㐽ળߩߏ᜿ᜦߦዋߒઃߌട߃ߐߖߡ޿ߚ
ߛ߈‫ޔ‬ㆊ෰ᢙᐕ㑆ߩᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ߳ߩෳട߇‫࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔ‬ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߦߣߞߡ㕖Ᏹߦ㊀ⷐߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚℂ↱ࠍ‫ޔ‬ᚻ⍴ߦ߅⹤ߒߚ޿ߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫࡝ࡉޕ‬࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩછോߪ‫ޔ‬㐳ᦼ⊛ߦᜬ⛯ߢ߈ࠆ㑐ଥࠍᣣ⧷㑆ߦ᭴▽ߔࠆߎߣߢߔ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚⷰὐ߆ࠄ⑳ߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓࠍᄢᄌ㊀ⷐߥ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޔߪࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޕ‬ਔ࿖ߩ᡽ᐭߩ᡽╷᳿ቯ⠪ߣᄢቇߩ࡝࡯࠳࡯ߚߜߩ⷗⸃ࠍ⚿วߐߖߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣂߒ޿⷗⸃ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧠ᣇะߩኻ⹤ࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⇣ߥࠆ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯߇㓸߹ࠅ‫౏ޔ‬ᑼߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓએᄖߩ႐ᚲߢᣂߚߥ㑐ଥ߇↢߹ࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ㆊ෰㧡ᐕ㑆ߦࠊߚߞߡ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ว⸘㧟㧜ᩞએ਄ߩᣣ⧷ߩᄢቇࠍ⚿߮ߟߌ‫ࠤޔ‬࡯ࠬ࡮ࠬ࠲࠺ࠖࠍ⺞ᩏߒ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᚑᨐߪ࿖ౝߩฦࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓߢᵴ↪ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ࡠࡊߩߘޕ‬࠮ࠬߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᒝ࿕ߢ࡙࠾࡯ࠢߥදജ㑐ଥ߇⊒ዷߒ߹ߒߚ‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔߪࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᄖㇱߢ⁛⥄ߩᵴേࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒߚߛߌߢߥߊ‫ޔ‬ᣂߚߥജᒝ޿⚿߮ߟ߈ߩ⹜ߺߣߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⧷࿖஥ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߪ‫ޔ‬᡽╷ߣታ〣ߦ㑐ߔࠆኻ⹤ࠍㅢߓߡ‫ޔ‬㜞ᐲߥᚢ⇛ߩὶὐࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚߣႎ๔ߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫╙ߩߎޕ‬㧟ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ߩ৻ㇱߣߒߡ⢒߹ࠇ‫ޔ‬ೋ߼ߡᄢቇߩᨒ
ࠍ⿧߃ߡ࿾ၞ㑐ଥ⠪߇⚿㓸ߒߚߎߩ⚿߮ߟ߈߇‫੹ޔ‬ᓟ߽߹ߔ߹ߔ⊒ዷߒߟߠߌࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬㗿ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ ᐕ㧟᦬ߦᣣᧄߢ㐿௅ߐࠇࠆᰴ࿁ߩࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ߩࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷ਔ࿖ߛߌߢߥߊ‫ߩࠕࠫࠕ᧲ޔ‬ᄙߊߩ࿖‫߽ޘ‬ෳടߒ‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣ߅㓸߹ࠅߩ⊝᭽ߦߣߞߡりㄭߥ࠹࡯ࡑߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ‬࿖㓙ൻߦ㑐ߔࠆ໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡ⸛⼏ߒ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬వㅳⴕࠊࠇߚᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭ߣߩⷡᦠߩ⺞ශߦ‫ߪߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᄢᄌാ᳇ߠߌࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ႎ㆏⊒⴫ߩߣ߅ࠅ‫ߩ࡞ࠪࡦ࠙ࠞ࡮ࡘࠪ࠶ࠖ࠹࡝ࡉޔ‬㑐ଥ⠪ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷෺ᣇߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߣ౒ߦ੹ᓟ
ߩੑ࿖㑆දജࠍㅴ߼ߡ޿ߊ਄ߢ‫ߩߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔߎߣࠍᭉߒߺߦߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ਔ࿖ߩ㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߪㅴൻࠍ⛯ߌ‫ߥ࡞ࡃ࡯ࡠࠣޔ‬⍮⼂⚻ᷣߦ߅޿ߡ߹ߔ߹ߔ㊀ⷐߥⷐ࿃ߣߥ
ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬࿖㓙ᮡḰൻ߿࿖㓙දജߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒߇ߎࠇ߶ߤ㊀ⷐߢ޽ߞߚߎߣߪ޽
ࠅ߹ߖࠎ‫ޔߪߜߚ⑳ޕ‬ਔ࿖㑆ࠍ⚿߱ᯅߩ᭴▽ߦࡉ࡝࠹ࠖ࠶ࠪࡘ࡮ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞߇੹ᓟ߽ᄢಾ
ߥᓎഀࠍᨐߚߔߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬㗿ߞߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ߎ߁ߒߚਔ࿖ߩ⚿߮ߟ߈ߩਛᔃߦ޽ࠆ౞Ṗߥදജ߿ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊߦߟ޿ߡ‫ߜߚ⑳ޔ‬ߪ⹤ߒวߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ‫ߩࡊ࠶ࠪ࡯࠽࠻࡯ࡄޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ਛᔃߦߪ‫⦟ޔ‬ᅢߥੱ㑆㑐ଥ߇޽ࠅ߹
ߔ‫੹ޕ‬ᣣߪ‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ㅴዷߩߚ߼ߦ㐳ᐕߦࠊߚߞߡߏዧജਅߐߞߚ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱߿ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴ߩ⊝᭽ߦᗵ⻢↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊޕ‬ᒰೋ߆ࠄᡰេߒߡߊߛ
ߐߞߚᣣᧄ஥ߩᧁ᧛ ቃవ↢‫ޔ‬ᄢ㦮 ੳవ↢ߦ‫ޔ‬ᔃ߆ࠄᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᣣᧄ஥ផㅴᆔຬળߩߔߴߡߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ߦ߽ᗵ⻢޿ߚߒ߹ߔ‫⧷ޔߚ߹ޕ‬࿖஥ߢߪ‫ᧄޔ‬ᣣ‫ߦߎߎޔ‬߅ࠄࠇࠆ㧴㧱㧲㧯㧱ߩ㑐ଥ⠪ࠍߪߓ߼‫ޔ‬෹ੱߩᣇ‫ߦޘ‬ᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㐳ᐕߦࠊߚߞ
ߡදജߒߡߊߛߐߞߚ࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼ߐࠎ‫࠺ࡦࠨޔࠎߐ࠷࡯ࠝ࡮࡜ࠦ࠾ޔ‬ࠖ࡯࡮࡚ࠫ࡯ࡦ࠭ߐࠎ‫ߩߘߡߒߘޔ‬㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ޔࠄ߆ࠇߘޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔޘ‬ࠨ࡯࡮࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࡢ࠻࠰ࡦవ↢‫ޔࠎߐࠞ࡯ࡊ࡮࠽࡯ࡗޔ‬ਔ࿖ߩઍ⴫࿅ߩ⊝᭽‫ޔߡߒߘޔ‬ߎߩ╙㧟ࡈࠚ࡯࠭ࠍᚑഞߦዉ޿ߡߊߛߐߞߚ⧷࿖஥ផㅴᆔຬળ߿ฦᯏ㑐ߩ⊝᭽‫ߣ߇ࠅ޽ޔ‬߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ࡃ࡯ࠢ᭽‫ᦨߪߢࠇߘޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽߽߁ߤޔ‬ᓟߦᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ஥ផㅴᆔຬળࠍઍ⴫޿ߚߒ߹ߒߡᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴㐳 ᧁ᧛ ቃࠃࠅ‫ޔ‬㐽ળߩ᜿ᜦࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᧁ᧛ ቃ ᄢቇ⹏ଔ࡮ቇ૏᝼ਈᯏ᭴㐳㧝ᣣ߇߆ࠅߩ㐳޿ࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓ‫ޔߡߒߘޔ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߩᦨᓟߦ‫ޔ‬߭ߣߎߣߛߌߏ᜿ᜦߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫ޕ‬ᦨೋߦ‫ߦࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈߩߎޔ‬ෳടߐࠇߚᣇ‫ߩޘ‬ᔋ⠴ᒝߐߦ‫ޔ‬ᔃ߆ࠄᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㕖Ᏹߦ㐳޿㧝ᣣߢߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᱜ⋥ߦ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔߣ‫ߪ⑳ޔ‬ዋ‫ޔߪ⑳ޕߚߒ߹ࠇ∋ޘ‬දജࡊࡠࠫ
ࠚࠢ࠻ߩ㧞ߟߩ੐଀ߦ㑐ߔࠆႎ๔ࠍુ޿‫ߩߎޔ‬㧞ߟߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᚑᨐߦᄢᄌᗵ㌏ࠍฃߌ߹ߒߚ‫ᦼߩ⑳ߪࠇߘޕ‬ᓙࠍߪࠆ߆ߦ਄࿁ࠆ߽ߩߢߒߚ‫ޔߪ⑳ޕ‬㧟㧜ᐕ߶ߤ೨‫ࠧࠬ࡜ࠣޔ‬࡯ߦ㧝ᐕඨ૑ࠎߢ޿߹ߒߚߩߢ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄੱߣߒߡߪࠪࡦࠣ࡞ࡕ࡞࠻ߦ⹦ߒ޿߶߁ߛߣᕁ޿߹ߔ‫߇࠻࡞ࡕ࡞ࠣࡦࠪޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᣣᧄ㈬ߣࡑ࠶࠴ߔࠆߣߪᕁ޿߽ࠃࠅ߹ߖࠎߢߒߚ‫ޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᧄᣣߩ߅⹤߆ࠄ‫ߩߎޔ‬⒳ߩදജࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦ෺ᣇ߇㕖Ᏹߦ⌀೶ߦข⚵߻ߥࠄ߫‫ޔ‬ታ⃻ߢ߈ߥ޿߽ߩߪߥ޿ߣ޿߁ߎߣࠍ‫⏕ޔ‬ା޿ߚߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⑳ߪ᧲੩↢߹ࠇߢߔ߇‫ޔ‬㧢ᱦߩᤨߦῳ߇ർ਻Ꮊ࿾ၞߦォൕߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᱜ⏕ߦߪർ਻Ꮊ࿾ၞߢߪߥߊർ਻Ꮊߦㄭ޿࿾ၞߢߔ‫ߪ⑳ޕ‬㧢ࡩ᦬㑆‫ޔ߿޿ޔ‬㧝ࡩ᦬㑆೨ᓟ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌߥ⧰ഭ
ࠍߒ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿾రߩሶଏߚߜ߇⹤ߔ⸒⪲ࠍ‫ޔ‬૗߭ߣߟℂ⸃ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚߩߢߔ‫߁ߘߪ੹ޕ‬ߢߪ޽ࠅ߹ߖࠎ߇ᒰᤨߩሶଏߚߜߪ‫ޔ‬㕖Ᏹߦᒝ޿ߥ߹ࠅߢᣇ⸒ࠍ⹤ߒߡ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޔߡߒߘޕ‬㧟㧞ᱦߩᤨ‫⚻ߥ߁ࠃߚૃߢ࡞ࠬ࠶ࡖࠠ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔ‬㛎ࠍߒ߹ߒߚ‫ࠍ࡞ࠬ࠶ࡖࠠ࡯ࡘ࠾ޔߪ⑳ޕ‬⸰ࠇߚߩߪߘࠇ߇ೋ߼ߡߢ‫ޔ‬㚞ߦ⌕޿ߡ߆ࠄ࿾రߩੱߦ㆏ࠍ዆ߨ߹ߒߚ‫ޘੱޔ߽ߡߒߚ߹ޕ‬߇⹤ߔ⧷⺆߇߭ߣߎߣ߽ℂ⸃ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚߩߢߔ‫ߩߎޕ‬࿾ၞߢߪ࡚ࠫ࡞࠺ࠖߣ޿߁ᒝ޿ᣇ
⸒߇૶ࠊࠇߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢߔ‫ࡦ࠰࡯࠳ࡦࡋޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬వ↢߇ᜰ៰ߐࠇߚߣ߅ࠅ‫ߩࠎߐߊߚޔ‬㘃ૃὐ߇޽ࠆߎߣ߽⏕߆ߢߔ‫ߩߎޔߡߞ߇ߚߒޕ‬දജߪߐࠄߦ⊒ዷߔࠆߎߣࠍ⏕ାߒߡ޿߹ߔ‫ޕ‬
ᦨᓟߦ‫ޔ‬෹ੱߢ޽ࠆ⧷࿖ߩ⊝᭽߇‫⾆ޔ‬㊀ߥ߅ᤨ㑆ࠍഀ޿ߡᚒ߇࿖ࠍ⸰໧ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬ᄢᄌታࠅ⼾߆ߥᧄᣣߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߦෳടߒߡߊߛߐߞߚߎߣߦ‫ޔ‬ᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ޕ‬㧡᦬ਅᣨߛߞߚߣᕁ޿߹ߔ߇‫⧷ޔ‬࿖ߩࡆ࡞࡮࡜ࡔ࡞೽ᄢ⤿߇⸰ᣣߐࠇ‫ߚ޿ߡߖߐ✜৻ߏࠍ࡯࠽ࠖ࠺ޔ‬ߛ߈߹ߒߚ‫࡞ࡔ࡜ޕ‬೽ᄢ⤿ߪ‫ߩࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬ᚑഞࠍ㜞ߊ⹏ଔߒߡ߅ࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⚳ࠊࠅߦ‫ࠍࡓ࡜ࠣࡠࡊߩߎޔ‬Ᏹߦᡰេߒߡߊߛߐߞߚࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼㜞╬ᢎ⢒⽷᡽ࠞ࠙ࡦࠪ࡞ℂ੐㐳ߩ࠺ࠗࡧࠖ࠶࠼࡮ࠗ࡯ࠬ࠻࠙࠶࠼వ↢‫ࡦ࠰࠻ࡢ࡮࠼࠶ࠖࡧࠗ࠺࡮࡯ࠨޔ‬వ↢ߦ‫ޔ‬ෘߊᓮ␞ࠍ↳ߒ਄ߍ߹ߔ‫ࠍࠇߎޕ‬ᜬߜ߹ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ታࠅᄙ޿ᧄᣣߩࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߩ㐽ળࠍት⸒ߐ
ߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫⧷ޕ‬࿖ߩ㑐ଥ⠪ߩᣇ‫ߚ߹߇ޘ‬ᣣᧄࠍ⸰໧ߒߡߊߛߐࠆߎߣࠍ‫ޔ‬ᭉߒߺߦߒߡ߅ࠅ߹ߔ‫ޕߚߒ߹޿ߑߏ߁ߣ߇ࠅ޽߽߁ߤޕ‬มળ㧔ട⮮㧕ߤ߁߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ᧄޕ‬ᣣߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ⧷㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆදജࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓ‫ޟ‬㜞╬ᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿾ၞ⽸₂ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻‫౏ޠ‬㐿ࡈࠜ࡯࡜ࡓߦߏෳട޿ߚߛ߈߹ߒߡ‫ࠅ޽ߦ⺈ޔ‬߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬એ਄ࠍᜬߜ߹ߒߡ‫ࠍࡓ࡜࡯ࠜࡈᧄޔ‬㐽ળߐߖߡ޿ߚߛ߈߹ߔ‫߁ߤޕ‬߽޽ࠅ߇ߣ߁ߏߑ޿߹ߒߚ‫ޕ‬⇟∏⇊⇯‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒⁂‫ ‒ ‒ •‣⊡‫‫‬Ⅴ‫↝↖૾ע‬ᅹ‫ܖ‬২ᘐ̟ᡶ↝↎↰↝૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ↝இᡈ↝૾ᤆⅥ‒ங஭‒ ‫ܖٻ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ܒ‬ᚸ̖∝‫ܖ‬ˮ੉ɨೞನᧈ‒ ‒‒‒⁂‣•‪⊡‣․‧‒ Ⅴ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↗⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯‫૾ע‬Ⅵ‒⇭⇊√⇉⇩⇯∝⇊∞⇟⇮⇌⇩⇯‒ ‒ ‒ ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎⇑⇌∙⇝∑ྸʙᧈ‒ ‒‒‒⁂‣․ ⊡‣…‥‒ Ⅴ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ↗‫׎↝ ‶‵‷⁁‒‟ ‒؏ע‬ᨥ−⇹∋∞∝⇽∓⇞⇍⇕⇮ⅺ↸‫↏⇂ܖ‬૙᚞Ⅵ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ∊∞⇰∝⇽∞⇑‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⁁‷‵‶ ⇈⇰∐⇟⇮‒ ‒ ‒‒‒⁂‣……⊡‣‧ ‒ Ⅴ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯ிᢿ↗࠼޽↝ᙻ‫إݑ‬ԓⅥ‒⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯ிᢿ‫∝ܖٻ؏ע‬ೞ᧙‒࠼޽‫‒ܖٻ‬‒‒⁂‣‧‪⊡‣ ‒ Ⅴ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯҅ிᢿ↗҅ʋ߸↝ᙻ‫ݑ‬ᚧբ‒⊡߻‫↚࠘עئ‬ⅹↀ↺᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝡྂ↚↓ⅳ↕⊡Ⅵ‒⁂‣ ⊡‣ ‣‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯҅ிᢿ‫∝ܖٻ؏ע‬ೞ᧙‒‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ‒ ҅ʋ߸ࠊᇌ‫‒ܖٻ‬
‒

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

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 

!"#$%&'(

Recent Policies of MEXT
to Promote Science andTechnology in Regional Areas
T. Kimura
National Institution for
Academic Degrees andUniversity Evaluation
1

Reforms Implemented since 1991
zIncorporation of all the national and somemunicipal universities
zAmendment of School Juridical Person system‫ޚ‬Introduction of flexibility into system forestablishing universities‫ޚ‬Implementation of a pilot scheme to allow
joint-stock corporation to establish universities
zIntroduction of third-party evaluation system
zCreation of professional graduate schools
2

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 

!"#$%&'(

Population of 18-year-olds, total number of places athigher education institutions and expected number of applicants(1,000 persons)Population of 18-year-olds

㪈㪃㪋㪇㪇
㪈㪃㪉㪇㪇

Number of applicants

㪈㪃㪇㪇㪇
㪏㪇㪇

㫏

㪍㪇㪇

Number of seats at HEIs

㪋㪇㪇
㪉㪇㪇
㪇
㪉㪇㪇㪊

㪉㪇㪇㪋

㪉㪇㪇㪌

㪉㪇㪇㪍

㪉㪇㪇㪎

㪉㪇㪇㪏

㪉㪇㪇㪐

㪉㪇㪈㪋

FY

3

Diversity in Functionsof Higher Education
zPursuing world-class research and education
zTraining highly-skilled professionals
zTraining wide-ranging professionals
zCarrying out general education
zCarrying out education and research in specificareas (arts, sports etc.)
zCarrying out life long learning for thecommunity
zContribution to society (service to society)
4

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 

!"#$%&'(

Free to choose any of these:
single or multi-functions

Role of the government
Provision of future model and policy making
rather than planning and supervision5

Council for Scienceand Technology Policy (CSTP)
Established in 2001
[Fundamental concept]
Knowledge and Technology are precious resources forthe future development of Japan. With research anddevelopment as its base, S&T policy creates new
knowledge and is an important key to revitalize theeconomy.
6 

!"#$%&'([Role of CSTP]
One of the four councils of important policies of Cabinet
Office. The CSTP is comprised of the Prime Minister,
relevant ministers and experts. It works out basic andfundamental policies for development of S&T for thecountry from the supra-ministry point of view under theleadership of Prime Minister and relevant ministers.
First Basic Plan (1996-2000)¥17 trillion
Second Basic Plan (2001-2005) ¥24 trillion
Third Basic Plan (2006-2010) ¥25 trillion
7

Proposals by Council for Science andTechnology Policy (CSTP) in an attempt torevitalize country’s regional economy¤Forming regional clusters¤ Promotion of university-industry-government
link in urban areas¤Building regional innovation systems andcreating vital regions

On the basis of this proposals, MEXT prepares
funds to implement the plan with universities as
the central player.
8


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 

!"#$%&'(

Fiscal Year 2006
Total budget ¥24,673 million(䍿100million)
Fiscal Year 2007
Total budget ¥25,271 million(䍿100million)

9

Up to FY 2006
㫝Establishment of regional “intellectual
clusters” 䌾 ¥ 10,000 million: 18 regions<Background> (CSTP 2nd Basic Plan)
The "intellectual cluster" is a regional system oftechnological innovations in which a public researchorganization (incl. universities) uses its R&D potential
and other unique abilities to lead companies in andaround a particular region.

10

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 

!"#$%&'(<Outcome>(1)Efficient system of university-industry-governmenthas been established. The total number of researchers
participated in the project during the period of FY 2002
2005 was 3764, out of which 1,316 were from industry.
(2) A number of patent applications (over 2,200), manycases of actual production of products on a commercial
basis (over 800 items), and starting up considerable
number of venture companies.
(3) Development of programmes unique for each region
such as setting up of venture fund to promote local
industry11ో㧝㧤࿾ၞ㧦㧴㧝㧠ᐕ㐿ᆎ㧝㧞࿾ၞ㧦㧴㧝㧡ᐕ㐿ᆎ㧟࿾ၞ㧦㧴㧝㧢ᐕ㐿ᆎ
㧟࿾ၞ

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 

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㫝Promotion of university-industry-government
link in urban areas 䌾 ¥ 4,000 million: 31 regions<Target>Enhance starting-up and developing of new industry
unique for each region by technological innovation.
<Scheme>Create innovation in each region by coordinating fundamental research and technology transfer carried out by
local government, local bureaus of METI (Ministry of
Economy, Trade and Industry) and JST (Japan Scienceand Technology Agency) with Technology Transfer
Plazas and JST Satellites as the bases.
13‫⟎⸳ࠩ࡜ࡊޓ‬࿾ၞ㧔ർᶏ㆏‫ޔ‬ችၔ‫ޔ‬⍹Ꮉ‫᧲ޔ‬ᶏ‫ޔ‬‫ޓ‬੩ㇺ‫ޔ‬ᄢ㒋‫ޔ‬ᐢፉ‫⑔ޔ‬ጟ㧕‫ޓ‬㧴ࠨ࠹࡜ࠗ࠻⸳⟎࿾ၞ㧔ጤᚻ‫ޔ‬ᣂẟ‫ޔ‬㜞⍮‫ޔ‬ችፒ㧕‫ޓ‬㧴ࠨ࠹࡜ࠗ࠻⸳⟎࿾ၞ㧔⨙ၔ‫ޔ‬㕒ጟ‫ޔ‬ṑ⾐‫ޔ‬ᓼፉ㧕 

!"#$%&'(

㫝 Building regional innovation systems andcreating vital regions 䌾 ¥ 7,200 million<Background> (CSTP 3rd Basic Plan)
Because the promotion of S&T in regions contributes tobuilding regional innovation systems and creating vital
regionsthus enhancing the sophistication and diversification of S&T of Japan as a whole, along with the competitive edge of innovation systems-the government will
actively encourage such promotion. Moreover, the government will promote broad-ranging activities as somethingthat will contribute to achieving safe, secure, and quality
15

lives for local residents, and produce creative andappealing regions and culture.
<Target>Promote university-industry-government link andenhance the production of original research output of
universities in each region to revitalize the regional
economy by producing new industry.

16

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 

!"#$%&'(

Fiscal Year 2007
㫝Establishment of regional “intellectual
clusters” 䌾 ¥ 5,500 million
㫝Promotion of university-industry-government
link in urban areas 䌾 ¥ 4,500 million: 31 regions
㫝 Building regional innovation systems andcreating vital regions 䌾 ¥ 9,400 million

17

Economic contribution of a mediummedium-sized national university
ίYamaguchi university
university)) in Yamaguchi area
Transportation:
Contribution to a whole
Transportation
Chemicalprefecture : ¥66.7 billindustry (Bus,products:
Truck,
Pharmaceutical¥4.4 bill Taxi,
Railway)
University
companies ¥6.7 bill

¥5.2 bill
Commerce: ¥11.5 bill
Wholesalers,
Retailers,¥4 billSupermarkets

Foodproducts:
Foodcompanies,
Breweries

Yamaguchi university¥2.8 bill ¥9.0 bill

Construction:
Generalcontractors,
House makers¥3.0 bill

Real estate:
Real estateagentsServices toindividuals:
Restaurants,
Hotels, Theatres,
Laundries,
Barbers

Agriculture,
Forestry,
Fisheries:
Rice growing
farmers, Forestry

In addition: Telecommunication䋫 Financing䋫Precision machine䋫18
Electronics㸢¥20.1 bill

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

ᾅ


 
 Professor David Eastwood
Chief Executive
Higher Education Funding Council for England
Japan-UK HE Collaboration Project‘Higher education and the English regions’
8 June 2007
1

England1990-2007:
A transformed
highereducation
sector2
 
 Timeline for English higher education•

Funding declining to 1997•

The impetus of the Dearing Report on funding for higher
education (1997)•

Higher Education White Paper 2003•

A new settlement – Higher Education Act 2004 and variable but
regulated tuition fees•

Leitch Review of Skills 2006 - higher education as a key
contributor to the skills challenge•

Review of higher education funding reforms in 2009.
3

Participation in Higher Education
45
40

England HEIPR = initial participation rate for England population aged 17 to 30
years and includes part-time students - for full description see DfES SFR

3530
GB API
England HEIPR

25
20
15
10

GB API = Undergraduate Full-time and Sandw ich entrants under 21 asproportion of average number of 18 and 19 years olds in the population.

5
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
1982
1981
1980
1979
1978
1977
1976
1975
1974
1973
1972
1971
1970
1969
1968
1967
1966
1965
1964
1963
1962
1961

0

4





 
 DfES funding and students
DfES publicly planned unit of funding(real terms 2006-07=100)
9,000

grant
grant + public fee
grant + public fee + private regulated fee
grant + public fee + private regulated fee + capital

8,500
8,000
7,500
£ per FTE student㪪㫋㫌㪻㪼㫅㫋㩷㪝㪫㪜

7,000
6,500
6,000
5,500
5,000
4,500
4,000
198990199091

199192

199293

199394

199495

199596

199697

199798

199899199900200001

200102

200203

200304

200405200506

㪘㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫅㫋㫊㩷㪸㫇㫇㫃㫐㫀㫅㪾㩷㫋㫆㩷㪬㪚㪘㪪㩷㪹㫐㩷㪈㪌㩷㪡㪸㫅㫌㪸㫉㫐㩷㪺㫃㫆㫊㫀㫅㪾㩷㪻㪸㫋㪼㪹㫐㩷㪼㫅㫋㫉㫐㩷㪺㫐㪺㫃㪼㩷㪉㪇㪇㪉㪄㪉㪇㪇㪎

㪥㫌㫄㪹㪼㫉㩷㫆㪽㩷㪸㫇㫇㫃㫀㪺㪸㫅㫋㫊






















2006072007085
 
 Deflated England HEI research income (2005-06=100)
4,000

3,500

3,000

£ million

2,500

Private charities, industry etc
Research councils and other public sources

2,000

HEFCE

1,500

1,000

500

0
1994- 1995- 1996- 1997- 1998- 1999- 2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 200595
96
97
98
99
2000
01
02
03
04
05
06

A period of transition for our sector• Changing balance of public and private funding for HE• Introduction of variable fees in 2006, but underlying student
demand for HE remains strong• Ensuring the financial sustainability of the sector• Increasing and widening participation (target of 50% participation
by 2010)• Higher level skills target of 40% by 2020
• Maintaining the quality of the student experience (introduction of
the National Student Survey in 2005)• Ensuring research competitiveness• Embedding ‘3rd stream’ activities and developing business-led
universities• Ensuring excellence across a diverse HE sector




8


 
 Demography
Chart 5: Effect of social class changes on HE entry
110

Entrants (2005 = 100)

105

100

95

90

85
2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

Simple population estimate

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Social Class segmented estimate

Source: UK Office for National Statistics; HEPI report summary 22 – March 2006 9

Role of HEFCE in this Climate of Change•

Universities are independent bodies, free to raise money from othersources•

HEFCE is the major funder of HE - seeking to balance block grantand special funding streams•

Statutory responsibility to advise Government on the needs of HE•

Working in partnership with a range of stakeholders•

Maintaining the highest standards of public accountability– risk based approach•

Protecting the public interest in HE•

Promoting best practice•Commissioning research to inform policy development•

A modern and sensitive regulator with vision.

10





 
 Size andshape of thehighereducation
sector11
 
 Main components of HEFCE grantin 2007-08 (£7,137 millions)449

Teaching and WP

738
25

Research

1,415
4,510

V. high cost andvulnerable science
Capital funding
Special funding

13

A high performing higher education sector• Although the UK has only 1% of the world’s
population, it carries out 5% of world research andproduces 12% of all cited papers. UK ranks second in
the world to the USA on research• Overseas student numbers and fee income has grown
rapidly in past decade: £386M to £1,215M• Our HE institutions are worth £45 billion to the UK
economy on a public investment of £15 billion.

14





 
 Essential characteristics of English higher
education• Applications are buoyant, student satisfactionlevels are high and retention is good
• Blue skies and applied/translational research• Nurturing and developing high level skills• The social and cultural value of graduates• Widening access helps create a more inclusive,
socially just and enlightened society• Employer and SME engagement• Institutional autonomy.
15㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㩷㪜㪸㫊㫋㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㩷㪮㪼㫊㫋㪰㫆㫉㫂㫊㪿㫀㫉㪼㩷㩽㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪟㫌㫄㪹㪼㫉㪜㪸㫊㫋㩷㪤㫀㪻㫃㪸㫅㪻㫊㪮㪼㫊㫋㩷㪤㫀㪻㫃㪸㫅㪻㫊㪜㪸㫊㫋㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㫅㪾㫃㪸㫅㪻㪣㫆㫅㪻㫆㫅
㪪㫆㫌㫋㪿㩷㪜㪸㫊㫋㪪㫆㫌㫋㪿㩷㪮㪼㫊㫋
 
 UK Government policy since 1997

• Devolution of powers to assemblies andgovernments in Scotland, Wales and Northern
Ireland• Establishment of Regional Development
Agencies, with the objectives to:
–
–
–
–
–

Further economic development and regeneration
Promote business efficiency, investment and competitivenessPromote employment
Enhance development and application of skills relevant toemployment
Contribute to sustainable development(Source: Regional Development Agencies Act 1998)

17

Government public service
target“Make sustainable improvementsin the economic performance of
all English regions by 2008 andover the long term reduce thepersistent gap in growth rates
between the regions….”(Treasury, Department of Trade& Industry & Department ofCommunities & Local
Government)

18





 
 English Regions: Population
Population in 2005 (000)(Source: UK Office of National Statistics)

Yo
rk
s

W
es
t
N
Ea
st
S
E
as
t
S
W
es
t

N

M
id
s

Lo
nd
on

W

E

Ea
st

M
id
s

9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0

19

English Regions: RDA Funding
RDA budget allocations - £ per person(Sources: UK Department of Trade and Industry, UK Office of
National Statistics)
120
100
80
60
40

ks
Yo
r

t
W
es
S

E

as
t

t
S

Ea
s
N

t
W
es
N

n
nd
o
Lo

id
s

Ea
st

M
E

W

M

id
s

20
0

20





 
 English Regions: Economic
Performance
Gross Value Added 2005 - £ billion(Source: UK Office of National Statistics)
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
W Mids East

E Mids London N West N East S East S West Yorks

21

Higher
Educationand theEnglishregions

22





 
 English Regions: Students
Full-time equivalent HE student numbers* (2005-06)
300,000
250,000

FTEs

200,000
150,000
100,000
50,000
0
North East North West Yorkshireand theHumberEast
Midlands

West
Midlands

East ofEngland

LondonSouth East South West

RegionHigher education institution

Further education college*Open University students excluded
23

English Regions: HE Participation% of Adults Qualified to Level 4
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
W Mids East

E Mids London N West N East S East S West Yorks

24





 
 HEFCE and the regions•

There are local, regional, national and international dimensions
to the work of all English universities•

HEFCE is a national funding agency and its core funding is‘blind’ to the government’s regional policy•

Notwithstanding this, the goals and challenges of HEFCE,
universities and the regions intersect in many ways•

Discretionary funding (strategic development fund) reflects avariety of priorities, including regional priorities and co-funding
with regional development agencies

25㪥㫆㫉㫎㫀㪺㪿
㩿㪬㪜㪘㪀㪞㫉㪼㪸㫋㩷㪰㪸㫉㫄㫆㫌㫋㪿㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼㪾㪼㪣㫆㫎㪼㫊㫋㫆㪽㫋㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼㪾㪼㪙㫌㫉㫐㩷㪪㫋㩷㪜㪻㫄㫌㫅㪻㫊㩿㪮㪼㫊㫋㩷㪪㫌㪽㪽㫆㫃㫂㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼㪾㪼㪀㪦㫋㫃㪼㫐㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼㪾㪼㪠㫇㫊㫎㫀㪺㪿
㩿㪪㫌㪽㪽㫆㫃㫂
㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼è㪼㪀㪚㫆㫃㪺㪿㪼㫊㫋㪼㫉㩿㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㫊㫊㪼㫏㪀
 
 Ipswich waterfront – location for
University Campus Suffolk

27

University Campus Suffolk• UCS due to open its door to students in 2007-2008• Investment of £200 million including £15 million
contribution from HEFCE• UCS student numbers expected to increase from3,500 in 2007-08 to 7,500 by 2015.

28





 
 Case study (2): Enhancing HE Capacity and Capability
in the Thames Gateway•

Context: 160,000 new homes and 180,000 new jobs planned by 2016; site of
the 2012 Olympics•

Lifelong Learning Networks: promoting progression to higher education Thames Gateway (Creative and Cultural Industries); Kent & Medway; East of
England•

New University Centres: bringing higher education to low participation areas- Universities of Kent and Greenwich at Medway; Birkbeck East; University ofEssex Southend•

A Centre for Knowledge Exchange: providing a route for businesses toaccess university expertise

29

Case study (3): Developing Higher Level Skills in
the North East

• Context: a region with low HE participation, highunemployment and low productivity• Employer-led skills: HEFCE-funded ‘pathfinder’enabling universities to work with regional ‘skills
brokers’ to meet workforce development needs• Lifelong Learning: HEFCE-funded ‘skills network’
securing progression from vocational qualifications
and the workplace into HE

30





 
 Case study (4): Developing a Global
University in Manchester• Two research-intensive universities inManchester:– Victoria University of Manchester, founded out of Owens
College in 1880
– University of Manchester Institute of Science & Technology(UMIST), originating from Manchester Mechanics Instituteand established as an independent institution in 1955

• Merger of the two institutions in 2004 with £20m fromHEFCE, £10m from Office of Science & Technology
and £35m from Northwest Regional Development
Agency31

University of Manchester
Student Numbers (Source: HESA)

2003/04

Im
pe
ria
l

U
C
L

C
am
br
id
ge

O
xf
or
d

2004/05

U
M
IS
T

M
an
ch
es
te
r

45000
40000
35000
30000
25000
20000
15000
10000
5000
0

32





 
 University of Manchester
Academic Staff (Source: HESA)
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

Im
pe
ria
l

U
CL

O
xf
or
d

M
an
ch
es
te
r
U
M
IS
T
C
am
br
id
ge

2003/04
2004/05

33

University of Manchester
Research Income £000 (Source: HESA)

Im
pe
ria
l

U
C
L

O
xf
or
d

2003/04
2004/05

U
M
IS
C
T
am
br
id
ge

M
an
ch
es
te
r

200000180000160000140000120000100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0

34





 
 Universities and the regions: looking
forward• The university is the most significant creation of thesecond millennium• Key role in providing skilled people to the regions• Centrality of blue skies and close-to-market research• Universities can do more than respond to regional andsub-regional economic priorities: they can shape anddrive them

• Universities can become beacons for their cities andregions in a century of innovation

35





$%&'%()



!"#Higher Education Policy
Open Forum
Tokyo 8 June 2007
Higher Education andRegions: Lessons learnt
from the OECD
international review
project
Jaana Puukka...a club of like-minded countries• A forum in which governments work together to address
economic, social and environmental challenges ofinterdependence and globalisation• A provider of comparative data, analysis and forecasts• 30 member countries• Relationships with more than 70 developing andtransition economies• Negotiations to be started with Estonia, Slovenia, Chile,
Israel, Russia; enhanced engagement programmes with
Brazil, China, India, South Africa and Indonesia• Secretariat with 2300 staff at Paris headquarters• More than 15 Directorates




2


$%&'%()



!"#Programme on Institutional
Management of Higher Education
IMHE improves higher education by providing strategic
analysis on institutional development in the context ofnational policy and global trends• 220+ members, including more than 150 individual
higher education institutions (HEIs) and 17 education
Ministries• Unusual in that it involves HEIs as well as Government
Ministries and agencies• More than an institutional voice to Education Directorate 3

IMHE key activities• HEIs and regional development• Mission and Diversity of HEIs
• Governance, finance and humanresources in HE and HEIs
• Building capacity in institutions• Developing the knowledge base

4





$%&'%()



!"#OECD has now a stronger
focus on education…

…and the role of higher education is
growing in importance….
WHY?

5More people are completing
tertiary education than everbefore…
…in some countries,
growth has been
spectacular…
…but others have fallen
behind.

6

!"#Completion of tertiary-type A
education40
35
30

Percentage

25
20
15
10
5

55-64

45-54

key
Au
str
ia
Po r
tug
al
Me
xic
o

Ita
ly

Tur

Gre
ece

Kor
ea
Belg
ium
Rep
ubli
c
Slo
v ak

e

35-44

Spa
in

Fra
nc

Ire
lan
d
Ne
wZ
eala
nd

Pola
nd
Lux
em
bou
rg

Jap
an

Ge
rma
ny
Cze
ch
Rep
ubli
c

Au
str
alia
Hu
nga
ry
Ice
land
Fin
lan
d

tat
es
No
rwa
y
De
nma
rk
Ne
the
r la
nds
Can
ada
Sw
ede
n
Sw
itz
er la
Unit
nd
ed
Kin
gdo
m

0
Un
ited
S


$%&'%()

25-34
7

Source: OECD (2004) Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2004, Table A3.3, p.71.

Benefits of Education…

…higher employment rates…
…higher earnings for individuals

8






!"#

Relative average earnings of
30-44 year-olds
Upper secondary and post secondary non-tertiary = 100
260
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60

Male-tertiary

Female-tertiaryMale-below upper sec

Sp
ain
Ne
wZ
eal
and

Kor
ea

De
nm
ark

Ire
lan
d
Ne
the
rla
nds

Belg
ium

Ge
rm
any

Sw
itz
erl
and

Ita
ly

No
rwa
y

Can
ada

Au
str
alia

Sw
ede
n

Fin
lan
d
Un
ite
dK
ing
dom

Fra
nce

Por
tug
al
Cze
ch
Rep
ubl
ic

40
Hu
nga
ry
Un
ite
dS
tat
es


$%&'%()

Female-below upper sec

9
Source: OECD (2004) Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators 2004, Table A11.1a, p.175.

Increased productivity…
… and economic growthfor countries

10





$%&'%()



!"#Consider South Korea
Beginning of 21st Century

1960s

WealthBelow all South American countries.
Around level of Afghanistan.

20th in OECD.

Educational expenditure
1st in OECD in % of GDP.

Educational attainment
completing secondary – 24th in OECD.
completing tertiary – 20th in OECD.

completing secondary – 1st in OECD.
completing tertiary – 3rd in OECD.

Educational quality
4th in reading, 1st in mathematics
1st in science in OECD.

Educational equity
1st in OECD.

11

Now Consider Regions andtheir Competitiveness…
…Does Higher Education
Matter…?

12





$%&'%()



!"#OECD Project on“Supporting theContribution of HEIs to
Regional Development”

13

Objectives• Respond to initiatives across OECD to mobilise Higher
education (HE) in support of regional development• Synthesise experience into a coherent body of policy andpractice to guide higher education institutions (HEIs)
and regional and national governments• Provide opportunities for dialogue and assist in capacity
building in each country, region and HEI

14





$%&'%()



!"#Methodology• A common framework for regional self-evaluation
developed by the OECD task group• Self-evaluation report by regional consortium using
OECD guidelines• Visit by international peer review team
• Peer Review Report and response from the region• Analysis and synthesis by OECD task group drawing
upon regional case studies, OECD territorial reviews andcommissioned literature review• Dissemination of synthesis report and conclusions

15

Focus of Evaluation••••

Regional contexts
Regional/national higher education systems
Contribution of research to regional innovation
Contribution of teaching and learning to labour market
and skills• Contribution to social and cultural development andenvironmental sustainability• Contribution to regional capacity building

16





$%&'%()



!"#Participating Regions• 14 regions in 12 countries including one cross-border region
17

Participants
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Australia (Sunshine-Fraser Coast)
Brazil (Northern Paraná)
Canada (Atlantic Canada)
Denmark (Jutland-Funen)
Denmark-Sweden (Öresund)Finland (Jyväskylä region)
Korea (Busan)
Mexico (State of Nuevo León)
Netherlands (Twente)
Norway (Trøndelag, Mid-Norway)
Spain (autonomous regions of Valencia and CanaryIslands)• Sweden (Värmland)• UK (the North East of England)




18


$%&'%()



!"#

What Have We
Learnt….?

19

To BecomeGlobally Competitive Countries
Need to Invest in their Innovation Systems

not only at the national, but also
regional level… HEIs can play a key role in Regional
Systems…..

20





$%&'%()



!"#Innovation with regional focus• National efforts to transform HEIs into engines for
growth• Indirect measures to enhance HEI autonomy, improve
framework conditions and incentives to work with firms• Two prominent ways: enhancing HEI role in innovation
systems and cluster type initiatives• Incentives often temporary• Policy focus on high technologies
21

Innovation-led Growth: 4 pathways
Indigenous
creation ofnewindustry

Exogeneous
creation ofnewindustry

Diversificationof existing
industry into
newUpgradingexisting
matureindustry- Create
entirelynewindustry- Importnew
industry
to theregion- Use the coretechnologies ofan existing anddecliningindustry- Enhance
products,
services or
production
technologies




22


$%&'%()

!"#

In Castellon, Valencia, Universidad Jaume I isrecognised as a world leader R&D in the tileindustry.
It has helped to transform the region’s
traditional industry. The growth is built ontechnology transfer, spin-offs and upgradingof existing technologies.
– Today, Valencia is a global leader in the tiles
and ceramics industry.
Source: the Valencia Region SER

23

North East of England is marked by adeclining manufacturing base, wide disparities
and low skills.
5 universities collaborate through Unis4NE;
Knowledge House is a single access point tohelp companies access university skills,
expertise and specialist resources:
consultancy, training and research anddevelopment.
Its clients range from SMEs to multinationals
Annually 1000+ enquiries and 200 client
contracts; Business growth: 25%
Source: the North East England SER

24





$%&'%()



!"#

Human capital development• Different ways, e.g. educating a wider range ofindividuals in the local area, ensuring theiremployability, addressing new skills requirements,
supporting professional development and upskilling andattracting talent to region• Improving the balance of btw labour market supply anddemand• Work-based learning programmes, PBL

25

In Aalborg University, Denmark, up to 50%of the study work consists of problemoriented project work: students work inteams to solve problems which have been
identified in co-operation with firms,
public organisations and other institutions.
At any one time there are 2000-3000
ongoing projects that ensure theuniversity’s engagement with thesurrounding society.
Source: the Jutland-Funen SER

26





$%&'%()



!"#… There Are Other Typesof Contributions,
Too..

27

In Central Finland, Jyväskylä University of Applied
Sciences has helped to rehabilitate 800 long term
unemployed back to working life with a wide range ofphysical and social rehabilitation measures, partly
delivered through the student training centre.
Source: The Jyväskylä region SER

In the North East of
England, the 5 HEIs use
sports as a means to widen
access to HE, to raise
aspirations and to enhancesocial cohesion within the
excluded communities.
Source: the NE England SER

In Mexico, all university
students are obliged to do
480 hours community work.
In Monterrey University
Social Service is geared
towards addressing theneeds of the community.
Source: the Nuevo Leon SER
28





$%&'%()



!"#Good practice and abundance ofaction, but• Action based on generic growth• A lack of systematic processes and limited co-operation
among HEIs and btw HEIs and stakeholders• Most countries support industry/science collaboration
with temporary incentives: Focus on research,technology transfer, business-related competitiveness• Human capital development plays a key role in regionbuilding; more work is needed to focus on “knowledgetransfer on legs” i.e. students’ role
• Widening access, lifelong learning and equity• Contribution to social, cultural and environmental
development and HEIs’ role as “good citizens” not often
embraced• Common challenge: what to do with low-tech SMEs?
29

Barriers
National

Regional

Uncoordinated HE,
S&T and territorial
policyFragmented local
Weak management,
govs, weak leadership lack ofentrepreneurial
Intraregional andcultureinterinstitutional
competition
Tensions between
regional engagement
HEIs not part of& academic
strategy work andexcellence
implementation
Lack of incentives toindividuals

Limits to HEIs’
autonomy
Limited incentives to
HEIs

Institutional

30





$%&'%()



!"#

Pointers for governments• Make regional engagement explicit in HE legislation• Strengthen institutional autonomy and provide funding
incentives (core and incentive-based)• Develop indicators and monitor outcomes• Require HEI governance to involve regional
stakeholders; encourage the participation of HEIs inregional governance• Support collaboration between HEIs and mobilise
resources for joint regional and urban strategies• Provide a more supportive environment for universityenterprise co-operation• Focus on human capital development

31

Pointers for regional and local
authorities• Establish a partnership structure of key stakeholders toprovide a focus for dialogue with HE in relation to its
contribution to regional development• Mobilise joint HEI resources for regional and urban strategies
for economic, social and cultural development• Invest jointly with HEIs in programmes which bring benefit toregional businesses and the community in a sustainable basis• translational research facilities• advisory services for SMEs
• professional development• graduate retention• cultural facilities and programmes• Ensure a fully functional human capital system with pathways
between different levels of education.




32


$%&'%()



!"#

Pointers for HEIs
• Map the regional and external links; carry out a selfevaluation of institutional capacity to respond to regionalneeds• Adopt a wide agenda of regional engagement; monitor
results and acknowledge that regional engagement
enhance the core missions of teaching and research• Develop senior management teams, establish a regional
development office to mainstream the regional agenda;
develop facilitators• Establish modern administration with HR and financial
resources management systems: Review recruitment,
hiring and reward systems.
• Establish partnership organisations between HEIs

33

All reports published atwww.oecd.org/edu/higher/regionaldevelopment
Contact
jaana.puukka@oecd.org

34





$%&'%()



!"#International Launch Conference
Globally Competitive, Locally Engaged
higher education and regions
Valencia, Spain
19-21 September 2007
www.oecd.org/edu/imhe/valencia

Thank youfor your attention
35





 


Japan-UK Higher Education
Collaboration Project
Professor TODA, Tsunekazu
Hiroshima University (HU)

Professor PURCELL, Wendy
University of Hertfordshire (UH)
Universities in partnership with business and the community

8 June 2007, Tokyo

The Partners

2





 


The Partners• Sincere thanks to OECD, BC, HEFCE,
colleagues from HU and the two regions• Established a genuine new regional
partnership• Identified opportunities to take forward
joint projects for mutual benefit

The east of England
 


University of
Hertfordshire

University ofCambridge

6





 
㪟㫀㫉㫆㫊㪿㫀㫄㪸㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㫆㫄㫄㫌㫅㫀㫋㫐㩷㪚㫆㫆㫇㪼㫉㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪚㪼㫅㫋㪼㫉

Hiroshima
University

Japan learning from the UK 1:
interplay between HEFCE policy & regional policy䇼 HEFCE Policy 䇽• In 1997 National
Committee ofInquiry into Higher
Education (theDearing Report).

䇼 Regional Policy 䇽• In 1997 RDAs
(Regional
Development
Agencies) were set
up in each of the
English regions.
• East of England
Development
8
Agency.

• Work in partnershipwith regional bodies(e.g. RDAs).


 


HEFCE and the Regions• HEFCE is a national HE
funding body in England.

• Strategic Development
Fund facilitates strategicchange in HE sector:– Collaboration– Strategic change which
provides wider benefits tothe sector– High degree of risk

• HEFCE funding isregionally ‘blind’.
• Organizationally– Regional Consultants andRegional Teams– Work in partnership with
regional bodies (e.g. RDAs,
RSPs).

• Allocated £335M, 150
projects since 2003.
• Many projects meetregional needs.

9

The Funding System for HE
and Regional Development
Central Government

HEFCE

DfES

Universities

DTI

Department for
Department for
Education and Skills Trade & Industry

Third Stream
Education

Business &Research Community

Business




RDA

10


 
㪥㫆㫉㫎㫀㪺㪿㩷㪪㪺㪿㫆㫆㫃㩷㫆㪽㪘㫉㫋㩷㩽㩷㪛㪼㫊㫀㪾㫅㪥㫆㫉㫎㫀㪺㪿

㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㪸㫊㫋㩷㪘㫅è㫃㫀㪸㪧㪼㫋㪼㫉㪹㫆㫉㫆㫌㪾㪿㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㪙㪼㪻㪽㫆㫉㪻㫊㪿㫀㫉㪼㪦㫇㪼㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪚㪸㫄㪹㫉㫀㪻㪾㪼㪙㪼㪻㪽㫆㫉㪻

㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪚㪸㫄㪹㫉㫀㪻è㪼㪘㫅è㫃㫀㪸㩷㪩㫌㫊㫂㫀㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪫㪿㪼㫉㪼㩷㪸㫉㪼㩷㪉㪎㩷㪝㪜㪚㫊㫀㫅㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪜㪸㫊㫋㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㫅è㫃㪸㫅㪻㪚㫉㪸㫅㪽㫀㪼㫃㪻㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪠㫇㫊㫎㫀㪺㪿
㪣㫌㫋㫆㫅㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪙㪼㪻㪽㫆㫉㪻㫊㪿㫀㫉㪼㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㫊㫊㪼㫏㪮㫉㫀㫋㫋㫃㪼㩷㪚㫆㫃㫃㪼è㪼㪘㫅è㫃㫀㪸㩷㪩㫌㫊㫂㫀㫅㩷㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㪟㪼㫉㫋㪽㫆㫉㪻㫊㪿㫀㫉㪼㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫐㩷㫆㪽㩷㪜㫊㫊㪼㫏㪚㪿㪸㫋㪿㪸㫄

㪫㪿㪼㫉㪼㩷㪸㫉㪼㩷㫆㫍㪼㫉㩷㪊㪇㪟㪜㪠㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪝㪜㪚㫊㫀㫅㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪫㪿㪸㫄㪼㫊㩷㪞㪸㫋㪼㫎㪸㫐㪬㫅㫀㫍㪼㫉㫊㫀㫋㫀㪼㫊㪸㫋㩷㪤㪼㪻㫎㪸㫐
 
UK learning from Japan 1:
universities in their regional community• Genuine access for the community– e.g. campus tours• Research projects for the community– e.g. asking the community for questions• Understanding the demographics– e.g. declining birth rate, ageing population• ‘Third stream’ – community engagement– e.g. public lectures, research liaison events
13

UK learning from Japan 2:
universities in their regional community• Peace Science and Conflict Studies– Unique historical legacy– Distinctive international offering– Distinguish graduates HU, visiting students– International esteem and standing of scholars• Genuine dialogue with the community– Access to the university– Programmes for the older people– Research projects relevant to the region




14


 
Key issues 1:
universities in their regional community• Japanese government driving innovation in
Universities to diversify income streams
from education, research and third stream.

• Do the rules allow universities to deliver?
• In education, can universities easily change
existing courses and develop new courses,
including short courses and e-learning?

15

Key issues 2:
universities in their regional community• In research, can universities collaborate
more with each other and further develop
distinctive research strengths ofinternational standing in order to increasebusiness competitiveness?
• In third stream, can universities respond
more directly to the expressed needs ofbusiness?

• Overall, do the rules allow universities tobecome more demand-led?




16


 
Key issues 3:
education
research
3rd stream

University

Community &Business

universities in their regional community
Municipal
government

HEIs

MEXT

The issue

Prefectural
government

Business
Bureau ofCommerce

Intermediaries

Partnership

Demand17

e.g. Mazda – the ‘single offer’

18“Universities and businesses must demolishthe silo thinking that inhibits collaboration”


 
Key issues 4:
universities in their regional community• Forecasting demand for skilled workers
through regional business analysis.
• What type of people and what kind of skills?
• Workforce planning to make the economy
more competitive.
• HEIs delivering education and training forskills.

19

Key issues 5:
universities in their regional community• Measuring the impact of university activities
with the community and business.
• Impact of what we are doing?
• Validity of measurements?
• Use of data to show success in cutting edge
delivery to business and the community.




20


 
Key issues 6:
the role of HEIs towards decentralized society in Japan• Establishment of a ‘single pot’ covering wide
aspects of regional development.
• Regional perspectives and priorities.
• Higher Education
Institutions
1 education
2 research
3 third stream• Establishment ofRegional Bodies fordevelopment in
Japan
21

Key issues for 7:
how to promote coco-operative activities among
stakeholders• Produce a round table forum for stakeholders:
HE Institutions plus Universities, Business andthe Community.
• Dominant cooperative/ interactive activities atthe same table could be supported by public
and/or business funding.
• The assessment of direct/indirect impact isrequired.
22





 
The Future 1:
universities in their regional community•

Studies on:––•

Interplay between regional policy and HE policy
Collaborative activities and their supporting systems
for productive and effective University-Business andCommunity links

Exchange programmes on grass-root activities
at various academic levels, in academic fields
of mutual interest between Japan and the UK
23(east of England and the Chugoku region).

The Future 2:
universities in their regional community• Peace studies – joint centre of
excellence across the Chugoku
and east of England regions.
• Student exchanges andinternships to enhance mobility
and employability.
• Partnerships in two key areas:– Health cluster– Automotive cluster

24





 


Joint Japan-UK Summary:
universities in their regional community• Demand-led.
• Single offer – play to strengths.
• Further enhance graduate and workers skills.
• Develop valid impact assessment measures.
• Develop a ‘single pot’ for regional development.
• Establish a round table of all stakeholders.
• Partnership of the east of England and the
Chugoku region.

THE REVOLVING DOOR:
Explicitly connecting workand study




25


 


Japan-UK Higher Education
Collaboration Project
Professor TODA, Tsunekazu
Hiroshima University (HU)

Professor PURCELL, Wendy
University of Hertfordshire (UH)Thank you for your attention

8 June 2007, Tokyo


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North East – Kitakyushu

Growing City and University
commitment to a joint vision• Starting from a strong base
• Strong engagement at highest levels• Extensive investment in Universities• Joint responses to regional needs– Sustainable development– Strong manufacturing base
– Transformation from Grey City to Green City ….
environmental capital city
– Building international links
north east

Japan-UK Strategic HE
Collaboration Programme

england


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University Commitment to
Kitakyushu City
• Building intellectual capacity
in areas such as:– Community leadership (in all sectors)– Environmental Technology Management– Urban Policy Research– Encouraging international student exchange……widely accepted as a fundamental
part of their mission
north east

Japan-UK Strategic HE
Collaboration Programme

england

Recognition of Science & Research
as a driver for regional success• Very similar aspirations in Kitakyushu & NE
• In Kitakyushu: Science Park bringing
together Universities & businesses with asingle mission (compared to many separate
initiatives in NE)…..
…..facilitated by extensive public investment& strong support from businessnorth east

Japan-UK Strategic HE
Collaboration Programme

england


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K2BS
KitaKyushu
Business
SchoolPhoto: Prof Akagawa’s lab in
Department of Environmental Engineering

Kitakyushu Scienceand Research Parkand theFoundation for the
Advancement ofIndustry Science &Technology (FAIS)


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EcoTown

Preparing for a future in the
Knowledge Economy• Similar challenges:
demography, 50% participation, global competition• Different responses:- Appetite for further growth?
- Who is it for?
- Whose responsibility is it and who should pay?
- Role of the employer in Life long learning?
- Autonomy, flexibility, entrepreneurialism andencouraging innovation
north east

Japan-UK Strategic HE
Collaboration Programme

england


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But we both recognise themountains to climb!

Thank You







‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
ႇ‒ ّ‒ ᎍ‒ ဦ‒ ഭ‒‒ↂↂ↚ᚡ᠍ↆ↎ဦഭ↞⅚⇻⇏∞∏∆᧏͵଺↝⇷∙⇻−⇩⇮ⅺ↸↝᠃᠍↖ↈ⅛‒







ႇ‒ ّ‒ ᎍ‒ ဦ‒ ഭ‒ Curriculum Vitae஭ဋ‒ Ⴚ೔‒‒ Naoki Murata૨ᢿᅹ‫ܖ‬Ⴞ‫ٻ‬ᐫ‫ܫ‬৐‫ݙ‬ᜭ‫‒ܫ‬
Deputy Director-General, Higher Education Bureau,
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

1978

International Educational and Cultural Exchange Division,
Science and International Affairs Bureau,
Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture (Monbusho)

1981

Science Division, Science and International Affairs Bureau, Monbusho

1983

Planning Division, Minister’s Secretariat, Monbusho

1984

Secretariat, National Council for Educational Reform, Prime Minister’s Office

1986

Embassy of Japan, United Kingdom

1989

Deputy-Director, Arts Division, Agency for Cultural Affairs

1991

Director, Social Education and Cultural Heritage Division,
Board of Education, Hyogo Prefecture

1994

Director, University Reform Office, Higher Education Bureau, Monbusho

1997

Director, Private Education Institutions Funding Division,
Higher Education Bureau, Monbusho

1999

Director, Private Education Institutions Administration Division,
Higher Education Bureau, Monbusho

2001

Director, International Affairs Division,Commissioner’s Secretariat, Agency for Cultural Affairs

2002

Director, International Affairs Division, Minister’s Secretariat,
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)

2004

Deputy Director-General, Science and Technology Policy Bureau, MEXT

2005

Secretary-General, Yokohama National University

2006.10

Deputy Director-General, Higher Education Bureau, MEXT⇞∍⇈∙⇰∝⇶∞⇕‒‒ Joanna Burke⇼∐⇬⇉⇩⇝∋∝⇑⇌∙⇝∑ᬟଐˊᘙ‒Director, British Council Japan

Education
1982

BA Hons Chinese and German, Leeds University

1979-1980

Beijing Languages Institute, China

1981

Tuebingen University Germany

2002

Chartered Institute of Marketing Postgraduate Certificate in
Strategic Marketing Management

Work Experience
1982-1984

English teacher, Centro Ingles, Burgos, Spain

1984-1985

English teacher, English Department Beijing Agricultural University,
China(British Council)
1985-1987

Exchanges Officer, Beijing, China

1987-1989

Technical Co-operation Department, London

1989-1995

Assistant Director, Beijing, China and Second Secretary (Cultural)
British Embassy

1995-1999

Deputy Director, Argentina

1999-2003

Director, Shanghai, China and Consul (Cultural) British
Consulate-General, Shanghai

2003

Regional Director, Americas and Australasia, London

2003-2005

Manager, Overseas Restructuring Programme, London

2005-Present

Director, Japan, and Cultural Counsellor, British Embassyங஭‒ ‫ ‒‒ܒ‬Tsutomu Kimura཯ᇌᘍ૎ඥʴ‫ܖٻ‬ᚸ̖∝‫ܖ‬ˮ੉ɨೞನᧈ‒President, National Institution for Academic Degrees
and University Evaluation (NIAD-UE)

Education
MA Engineering (The University of Tokyo)
Dr. of Engineering (Tokyo Institute of Technology)

Work Experience
3 /1981

Professor of Tokyo Institute of Technology

4 /1992

Dean of the Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology

10 /1993

President, Tokyo Institute of Technology

4 /1998

President, NIAD-UE

Award
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (C.B.E)

⇭⇊√⇉⇩⇯∝⇊∞⇟⇮⇌⇩⇯‒‒ David Eastwood⇊∙⇖∏∙⇯᭗ሁ૙Ꮛᝠ૎⇑⇌∙⇝∑ྸʙᧈ‒
Chief Executive, Higher Education Funding Council
for England (HEFCE)

Professor David Eastwood became Chief Executive of HEFCE on 1 September 2006.
He was previously Vice-Chancellor of the University of East Anglia (UEA).
Before taking up his position at UEA, Professor Eastwood was Chief Executive of theArts and Humanities Research Board. Previously he held a Chair in Modern History at
the University of Wales Swansea, where he was also head of department, dean andpro-vice-chancellor. While at Swansea he co-founded the National Centre for Public
Policy.
He was fellow and senior tutor of Pembroke College (1988-95), and is an Honorary
Fellow of St Peter's College, Oxford, from where he graduated in 1980, and of Keble
College, Oxford from 2006. Professor Eastwood was made an Honorary D. Litt of the
University of the West of England in 2002 and the University of East Anglia in 2006.
Professor Eastwood has served on many national bodies and committees. Since 1991
Professor Eastwood has been a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, serving as its
Literary Director from 1994-2000 and as chair of its Studies in History Board from
2000-04. Professor Eastwood is married with three children. He enjoys music, politics,
walking, sport and good wine; and includes writing on football among his many
publications.

Organisation in which interest exists
Higher Education Policy Institute(Advisory Board Member)Marshall Aid Commemoration Commission (Deputy Chair)
Universities Superannuation Scheme (Board Member from January 2007)‫ٻ‬᱾‒ ʶ‒‒ Hitoshi Osaki‫ܖٻ‬σӷМဇೞ᧙ඥʴʴ᧓૨҄ᄂᆮೞನ‒ ྸʙ‒
Director, National Institutes for the Humanities (NIHU)Dr Hitoshi Osaki has been Director of the National Institutes for the Humanities since2004. He has an his LL.B.(1955) and a Dr. (Higher Education Studies) (2001) from
Kyoto University. During his career at the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, andCulture (MESSC), now known as MEXT, he served as Director General, Science andInternational Affairs Bureau (1982-85), and Director General, Higher Education
Bureau (1985-86). He was Commissioner of the Agency for Cultural Affairs (1986-88)
and Director of Tokyo National Museum of Modern Art (1988-90). From 1990-98 he
was Director General of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) andfrom 1998-99 he was Director General of The Society for the Promotion of the
University of the Air. He was previously Director General of the Center for National
University Finance (1999-2003). Since 2004, he has been a part-time Director ofInter-University Research Institute Corporation, National Institutes for the Humanities.

He was awarded a "Golden Badge of the Order of Merit of the Public of Poland (1997)"
and "Officier dans I'Ordre National du Mérite, the French Republic (1998)" and a"Honorary Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (CBE) in1999 and “the Order of the Sacred Treasure" in 2004.

⇌⇍∙⇭⇉∞∝⇷∞⇡∑‒‒ Wendy Purcell⇵∞⇮⇻⇏∞⇯⇝∉∞‫ܖٻ‬и‫‒ᧈܖ‬
Deputy Vice Chancellor, University of Hertfordshire

Professor Wendy Purcell joined the University in October 2005 as Deputy
Vice-Chancellor.

Her previous role was as Dean of Applied Sciences and Pro

Vice-Chancellor (Research) at the University of the West of England, Bristol.
Professor Purcell enjoys an international reputation in her field of biomedical researchand leads a number of research teams in developing cell culture models for preclinicalstudies.

Funded currently by the BBSRC, EPSRC, ESRC and the EU, she has

attracted some £10 M in research grants since 2000 and has filed patents in the EU,
USA, China and Japan on her novel organotypic cell culture models.

She has aproven record in research collaboration having worked with academics at, amongst
other universities, Imperial, Cardiff, and UCL, in addition to biotech companies in theUSA.

She is the editor of the International Journal of Modelling, Identification andControl, is a referee for several scientific journals in her field and reviews grantapplications for a range of funding agencies.
Professor Purcell is a Member of the HEFCE Strategic Advisory Committee on
Leadership, Governance and Management and has held positions on several regionaland national bodies in the area of scientific exploitation and curricular standards.

She

was a Member of QAA Biosciences Benchmarking Panel and has extensive experience
as a PhD examiner, external examiner (BSc, MSc) and in programme validation. She
is Chair of the STEM Advisory Board (Regional Hub for Schools Science in the East of
England, SETNET) and previously held executive positions with the UK Deans of
Science and Heads of Biological Sciences groups.

She was a Member of the Higher

Education Regional Development Agency -Southwest, Physical Sciences Task Groupand Higher Education Strategy Group, Sector Skills Council for Science, Engineering,
Manufacturing and Technologies. She was a Trustee of the Bristol Urological Institute.
Professor Purcell is Director of Unisecure Ltd and a Member of the Board of Polyfield
Properties Ltd.

⇛∞∝⇭⇊√⇉⇩⇯∝∕⇮⇣∙‒‒ Sir David Watson∓∙⇯∙‫ܖٻ‬૙Ꮛᄂᆮ৑‒ ᭗ሁ૙Ꮛ∄⇳⇞∇∙⇮ਃ࢘‒ ૙੉‒
Professor of Higher Education Management,
Institute of Education, University of London (IoE)

Professor Sir David Watson is the Institute of Education’s first Chair of Higher Education
Management, joining the Institute in October 2005. Sir David recently retired as Vice
Chancellor of Brighton University. In his work at the Institute, Sir David heads theInstitute's MBA programme in higher education management - the first of its kind in the
UK - as well as conducting research and consultancy on higher education policy in theInstitute's Centre for Higher Education Studies.
A specialist in the history of ideas and in higher education policy, Sir David has
contributed widely to developments in UK higher education, including as a member ofthe Dearing Committee of Inquiry. He was a founder member of both the Polytechnics
and Colleges Funding Council and Higher Education Funding Council for England. He
has chaired Universities UK's longer term strategy group since 1998. His most recent
books are Managing Institutional Self-Study (2005) and Higher Education and theLifecourse (2003).

∊∞⇰∝⇽∞⇑‒‒ Jaana Puukka⁁‷‵‶ ⇈⇰∐⇟⇮≏⁁‷‵‶ ↝᭗ሁ૙Ꮛೞ᧙↝ሥྸᢃփ↚᧙ↈ↺‒⇽∓⇖∏∆ਃ࢘‒Analyst, IMHE/OECD

Jaana Puukka is OECD analyst managing the OECD review project on “Supporting theContribution of Higher Education Institutions to Regional Development” which engages
fourteen regions in twelve countries throughout the world. She is also the Team
Coordinator of four regional reviews. She has experience in regional development in
Finland as a ministerial and local government adviser, program manager, practitioner,and evaluator. She is the Regional Development Manager of Turku University of Applied
Sciences, the biggest professionally oriented HEI in Finland. She has been involved in
the evaluation of the external engagement of the University of Turku and thesubsequent re-evaluation. She has worked for the Ministry of Education in a number ofassignment including the review of master’s programs with funding from the EU
structural funds. Her interests are in the fields of regional development, higher
education evaluation, stakeholder management, corporate social responsibility, andentrepreneurship.

ʚܷ‒ ႕‒‒ Akira Ninomiya‫׎‬ᇌ‫ܖٻ‬ඥʴ࠼޽‫ྸ ‒ܖٻ‬ʙ∝и‫≋ᧈܖ‬ᄂᆮਃ࢘≌‒Executive Vice-president (Research), Hiroshima University
Professor of Comparative and International Education,
Graduate School of Education, Hiroshima University
Professor of University of the Air (Japan)

Educational Background1968 (March): Bachelor of Education (Hiroshima University)
1969-70: Graduate School of Education at the University of Connecticut (Fulbright Program)1971 (March): Master of Education (Hiroshima University)

Employment
1971 (Nov.1): Ministry of Education, Japan
1973 (April 1): Lecturer, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima Univ.
1981 (April 1): Associate Professor, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima Univ.
1988 (Sept.1) -1989: Visiting Scholar, University of Illinois
1994 (April 1) - : Professor, Faculty of Education, Hiroshima Univ.
1997 (April 1) - : Director of the Center for the Study of International Cooperation in Education
1997-2004: Visiting Professor at Seton Hall University, NJ, USA (Ed.D. Program)2001 (April 1) - : Professor of University of the Air (Japan)
2004 (April 1) - 2005 (May 21): Assistant to the president, Hiroshima University
2005 (May 25) – 2007 (May 20): Vice-president (International Relations), Hiroshima University
2007 (May 21) - : Executive Vice-president (Research), Hiroshima University

Social Activities
x

Under-secretary General of the International Secretariat of the University Mobility in
Asia and the Pacific (UMAP) since 2001.

x

Member of the Special Committee for the University Entrance Qualification Systemof the Central Council on Education, Japan (2003-2004)⇖−⇈∆∝⇾∙⇦∞⇣∙ Graham Henderson⇬⇉∞⇛⇊⇯‫‒ᧈܖ ‒ܖٻ‬Vice Chancellor, University of Teesside
Professor Graham Henderson became Vice Chancellor of the University of Teesside on
1 April 2003.
In 1999 he was appointed as the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic & Development) at
Teesside where he was responsible for the University’s academic portfolio, learning &teaching, quality and standards, library & information systems, lifelong learning, thedevelopment of collaborative partnerships and the personnel and staff development
work of the University.
Professor Henderson started his academic career in 1975 at Nene College (now
University of Northampton) after which he spent 17 years in Newcastle Business Schoolat Northumbria University (including 8 years as Deputy/Assistant Director of School)
before becoming Director of the Business School at the University of Sunderland.
After leaving school Graham went to work for the National Coal Board working as a
trainee accountant, but he went back into education after 18 months, studying
Mathematics at Coventry and then Applied Statistics & Operational Research at City
University (London).
Graham played a major role pioneering the development of Business Information
Technology education in the UK throughout the 1980s.

He is a Fellow of the Royal

Statistical Society, a member of the Institute of Management, and a Fellow of the Royal
Society of Arts.
In addition to his role as Board member of a number of University companies Graham is
the Chair of the Universities for the North East Board, Chair of the North East Higher
Skills Network and a member of the National Executive of the Campaign for Mainstream
Universities (CMU).

He is a member of the Board of the Tees Valley Partnership, a

non-executive Council Member of the Learning & Skills Council, a Council member of
the North East CBI, a member of the regional executive of the North East Chamber ofCommerce (NECC) and a member of the Netpark Steering Group.

In addition, he is amember of the Universities Student Experience Strategy Group and Skills Task Groupand is the HE representative on the North East Assembly and the associated Economic
and Social Partners Group.
Graham is also a Trustee of the Captain Cook Birthplace Trust and the Trincomalee
Trust.

ᡈᕲ‒ ͒ଢ‒ Michiaki Kondo҅ʋ߸ࠊᇌ‫ ‒ܖٻ‬и‫‒ᧈܖ‬
PhD; Professor
Vice-President; The University of Kitakyushu
Director; Center for Fundamental Education

Undergraduate School
Department of Human Relations
Faculty of Humanities, The University of Kitakyushu
Graduate School
Master of Human Relations and Culture
PhD Program of Social System Studies
Professor Michiaki Kondo serves as Vice-President of The University of Kitakyushu andis in charge of Education and Research.

He is also Director of the Center for

Fundamental Education which has been established for the following purposes: to planand implement a foundational studies program for all university students, to nurture
students’ human development, and to enhance students’ problem-solving abilities.
His research field is vision, especially binocular depth perception.
PhD; Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 1986.
Visiting Researcher: Dundee University, Scotland, U.K. (psychology), 1989-1990.
Dean; Master of Human Relations and Culture: Evening Course, 2002.
Director; Center for Information Processing Research and Education, 2002-2004.
Dean; Faculty of Humanities, 2004-2006.
PapersKondo, M. and Hakoda, Y. 2004. The effect of visual acuity on eyewitness face
identification. Japanese Journal of Law and Psychology, 3, 81-87.
Kondo, M. , Wade, N. and Nakamizo, S. 1990. Geometrical analysis of the motion anddepth seen in moire patterns. Journal of the Faculty of Humanities, The University of
Kitakyushu (Human Relations), 22, 97-114.

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