平成 23 年度
CO2 マイクロバブル地中貯留の成立性に関する調査研究報告書
目次第１章

調査研究の概要 ································································· 1

1.1 背景と目的 ······································································ 1
1.2 調査研究の進め方 ································································ 1
1.3 調査内容と成果概要 ······························································ 21.3.1

CMS システムに関する課題に対する検討 ······································· 3

1.3.2 想定モデル地点の選定と CMS 貯留システムのモデル構築 ························· 51.3.3

CMS システムの経済性に関する概略検討 ······································· 51.3.4

CMS システムの実用化に向けた検討 ··········································· 5第２章

CMS システムに関する課題に対する検討 ·········································· 92.1 はじめに ········································································ 92.2 技術的課題の検討
2.2.1····························································· 17

MB の発生法、管理法における課題 ··········································· 172.2.2 注入方法 ··································································· 222.2.3 キャップロックの力学的安定 ················································· 30
2.2.4 地中挙動 ··································································· 312.2.5 地中挙動の解析 ····························································· 40
2.3

CMS システムの周辺環境への影響の検討 ········································· 87

2.3.1

CO2 漏洩による影響 ························································· 87

2.3.2 酸性水の影響 ······························································· 92
2.3.3 排ガス注入における影響 ····················································· 95
2.4

PA 対策と法制度に関する検討 ··················································· 98

2.4.1

CCS に関する法規制の動向と課題 ············································· 98

2.4.2

CCS における環境影響評価 ·················································· 105

2.4.3

CCS の各過程における環境影響評価および PA に必要な項目 ···················· 106

2.4.4

CMS における環境影響評価項目 ············································· 111

2.4.5 まとめと提言 ······························································ 114
第３章

想定モデル地点の選定と CMS 貯留システムのモデル構築 ························· 117

3.1想定モデル地点の選定 ·························································· 117

3.1.1 貯留層の地質条件 ·························································· 117
3.1.2 貯留の考え方 ······························································ 119
3.1.3 新第三紀鮮新統～第四紀更新統の分布 ········································ 121
3.1.4 貯留有望地域の選定 ························································ 121
3.1.5

B モデル地域 ······························································ 123

3.2

サイト条件に応じた注入・貯留モデルの検討 ······································ 124

3.2.1

B モデル地域の地質概要 ···················································· 124

3.2.2

B モデル地域の貯留可能量と物性値 ·········································· 128

3.3

マイクロバブルの地中挙動に関する検討 ·········································· 131

3.3.1 注水井・揚水井併用方式でのコントロール方法の検討··························· 131
3.3.2 注入井・揚水井方式による 1 貯留ユニットの貯留可能量の検討 ·················· 132
第４章

CMS システムの経済性に関する概略検討 ········································ 145

4.1 はじめに ······································································ 145
4.1.1

CCS におけるコスト ························································ 145

4.1.2 コスト試算に当たっての前提 ················································ 150
4.2 コストの試算 ·································································· 151
4.2.1 掘削コスト ································································ 151
4.2.2 モニタリングコスト ························································ 151
4.2.3 維持管理コスト ···························································· 151
4.2.4 輸送コストについて ························································ 152
4.2.5 操業コスト ································································ 154
4.2.6 再生可能エネルギーとの比較 ················································ 154
4.3 推進要因 ······································································ 157
4.3.1 炭素税 ···································································· 157
4.3.2 クリーン開発メカニズム（CDM）············································ 157
4.3.3

COP17 での成果 ··························································· 159

4.4

CMS システムの経済性に関する概略検討のまとめ ································· 160

第５章

CMS システムの実用化に向けた検討 ············································ 161

5.1 開発のための手順（ロードマップ）の検討 ········································ 161
5.1.1

CCS のロードマップ ························································ 161

5.1.2

CMS のロードマップ ······················································· 164

5.2 試験計画等の立案 ······························································ 166
5.2.1 室内模型試験による検証 ···················································· 167
5.2.2 原位置試験による検証 ······················································ 170
第６章

まとめ ······································································· 173

6.1

CMS システムに関する課題のまとめ ············································· 173

6.2 想定モデル地点の選定と CMS 貯留システムのモデル構築 ··························· 174
6.3

CMS システムの経済性に関する概略検討 ········································· 174

6.4

CMS システムの実用化に向けた検討 ············································· 174○付録：略語表 ··································································· 付－1