414

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition

2.45 HFC-134a(R134a)
All equations for HFC-134a(R134a) are based on the Table from Japanese Association of Refrigeration andJapan Flon Gas Association[1].

2.45.1 Temperature Scale
International practical temperature scale 1968 (IPTS-1968)

2.45.2 The Names of Substance, Library File and Single Shot Program
Name of Substance:
Library File for UNIX:
Library File for DOS,Windows95/NT:
Single Shot Program for UNIX:
Single Shot Program for DOS,Windows95/NT:

HFC-134a, R134a, Refrigerant 134a,
1,2,2,2-Tetraﬂuoroethane
libjr134a.a
JR134A.LIB
r134a-ss
R134A–SS.EXE

2.45.3 Important Constants and Others
Molecular Formula:
Relative Molecular Mass:
Gas Constant:

CH2 FCF3
102.032
81.4892 J/(kg·K)

Critical Constants:
Critical Pressure:
Critical Temperature:
Critical Speciﬁc Volume:

4.064×10 6Pa (40.64 bar)374.30 K (101.15 ◦ C)
1.9685×10 −3m3 /kg

Reference State:
At 0◦ C, 1.0000 kJ/(kg·K) and 200.00 kJ/kg are assigned to the speciﬁc entropy and the speciﬁc enthalpy ofsaturated liquid, respectively.

2.45.4 Formula
Equation of State:
Equation (IIIA·2·3·3) in a function from of f = f(ρ, T ) in reference [1]. Here f=Helmholtz function, ρ=density
and T = temperature.
Vapor Pressure:
Equation (IIIA·2·1·1) in reference [1].
Properties at Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium:
Equation of state, Eq.(IIIA·2·3·1), together with the vapor pressure curve for speciﬁc volume of both saturated
liquid and saturated vapor. Equations (IIIA·2·6·2), (IIIA·2·5·2), and (IIIA·2·7·2) and (IIIA·2·7·4) (IIIA·2·5·6)
and (IIIA·2·5·8), and together with these speciﬁc volumes for speciﬁc entropy, speciﬁc enthalpy, isobaric speciﬁcheat and isochoric speciﬁc heat, respectively. All these equations have been cited from reference [1].
Transport Properties:
Equations (IIIA·3·1·3)∼ (IIIA·3·1·5) in reference [1] for viscosity. Equations (IIIA·3·3·1)∼ (IIIA·3·1·3) in reference [1] for thermal conductivity.
The Other Properties:

HFC-134a(R134a)

415

Equation (IIIA·2·10·1) in reference [1] for surface tension.

References[1] Japanese Association of Refrigeration·Japan Flon Gas Association, Thermophysical Properties of Environmentally Acceptable Fluorocarbons (HFC-134a, HCFC-123), (1986).

416

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.45–1

No.
1
94

Name of
Function
AIPPT(P,T)
AJTPT(P,T)

HFC-134a (R134a) Function

Function and Argument(s)AJTPT: Joule-Thomson Coeﬃcient [K/Pa]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

Range of Argument(s)0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦C]

8A
8B
82

AKPD(P)AKPDD(P)AKPT(P,T)

AKPT: Isentropic Exponent [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦C]

8C
8D
2

AKTD(T)
AKTDD(T)
ALAPP(P)3

ALAPT(T)4

ALHP(P)

5

ALHT(T)

6

ALMPD(P)7

ALMPDD(P)8

ALMPT(P,T)

9

ALMTD(T)10

ALMTDD(T)11

AMUPD(P)12
13

AMUPDD(P)AMUPT(P,T)

14

AMUTD(T)15

AMUTDD(T)

ALAPP: Laplace Coeﬃcient [m]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
ALAPT: Laplace Coeﬃcient [m]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALHP: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]ALHT: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALMPD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated
Liquid [W/(m·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
ALMPDD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated
Vapor [W/(m·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALMPT: Thermal Conductivity [W/(m·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

ALMTD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated
Liquid [W/(m·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
ALMTDD: Thermal Conductivity of Saturated
Vapor [W/(m·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
AMUPD: Coeﬃcient of Viscosity of Saturated
Liquid [Pa·s]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
AMUPT: Coeﬃcient of Viscosity [Pa·s]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

AMUTD: Coeﬃcient of Viscosity of Saturated
Liquid [Pa·s]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
0.07×106 ≤P<3.04×106 [Pa]0.7≤P<30.4 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P<3.04×106 [Pa]0.7≤P<30.4 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤20×106 [Pa]240≤T≤360 [K]
0.7≤P≤200 [bar]−33.15≤T≤86.85 [◦C]
240≤T≤360 [K]−33.15≤T≤86.85 [◦C]
240≤T≤360 [K]−33.15≤T≤86.85 [◦C]
0.117×106 ≤P≤2.061×106 [Pa]1.17≤P≤20.61 [bar]298.15≤T≤370.208 [K]
0.07×106 ≤P≤PST(T) [Pa]370.208<T≤423.15 [K]
0.07×106 ≤P≤(0.446×(T−273.15)[K]−5.8577)×105 [Pa]25≤T≤97.058 [◦C]
0.7≤P≤PST(T) [bar]97.058<T≤150 [◦ C]
0.7≤P≤0.446×T[◦ C]−5.8577 [bar]250≤T≤342 [K]−23.15≤T≤68.85 [◦C]

HFC-134a(R134a)

417
Table II–2.45–1

No.
92

90

91

93

Name of
Function
BPPT(P,T)

BSPT(P,T)

BTPT(P,T)

BVPT(P,T)

16

CPPD(P)

17

CPPDD(P)18

CPPT(P,T)

19

CPTD(T)

20

CPTDD(T)21

CRP(‘A’)

7A
76

CVPD(P)
CVPDD(P)77

CVPT(P,T)

HFC-134a (R134a) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)BPPT: Volumetric Coeﬃcient of Expansion [1/K]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

BSPT: Isentropic Compressibility [1/Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

BTPT: Isothermal Compressibility [1/Pa]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

BVPT: Pressure Coeﬃcient [1/K]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

CPPD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Liquid [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
CPPDD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]CPPT: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

CPTD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Liquid [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
CPTDD: Isobaric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
CRP: Critical Constants
H: ‘A’=‘H’: 0.39101×106 [J/kg] Speciﬁc EnthalpyP∗: ‘A’=‘P’: 4.064×106 [Pa], 40.64 [bar] Pressure
S: ‘A’=‘S’: 1.5659×103 [J/(kg·K)] Speciﬁc EntropyT∗: ‘A’=‘T’: 374.30 [K], 101.15 [◦ C] Temperature
V: ‘A’=‘V’: 1.9685×10−3 [m3 /kg] Speciﬁc Volume
CVPDD: Isochoric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]CVPT: Isochoric Speciﬁc Heat [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

Range of Argument(s)0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]
0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]
0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]
0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]
0.07×106 ≤P<4.0404×106 [Pa]0.7≤P<40.404 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P<4.0404×106 [Pa]0.7≤P<40.404 [bar]0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]
240≤T<374 [K]−33.15≤T<100.85 [◦ C]
240≤T<374 [K]−33.15≤T<100.85 [◦ C]
one of ‘H’, ‘P’, ‘S’, ‘T’ and ‘V’

0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]

7B
78

CVTD(T)
CVTDD(T)

2A
2B
22

EPSPD(P)EPSPDD(P)EPSPT(P,T)

CVTDD: Isochoric Speciﬁc Heat of Saturated
Vapor [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]

418

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.45–1

No.
2C
2D
89

Name of
Function
EPSTD(T)EPSTDD(T)FC(‘A’)9A
96

GAMPD(P)GAMPDD(P)95

GAMPT(P,T)

HFC-134a (R134a) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)FC: Fundamental Constants
M: ‘A’=‘M’: 102.032 Relative Molecular Mass
R: ‘A’=‘R’: 81.4892 [J/(kg·K)] Gas Constant

one of ‘M’ and ‘R’

GAMPDD: Ratio of Speciﬁc Heats of Saturated
Vapor [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]GAMPT: Ratio of Speciﬁc Heats [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

0.07×106 ≤P<4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P<40.64 [bar]0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]

9B
97

GAMTD(T)GAMTDD(T)23

HPD(P)

24

HPDD(P)71

HPS(P,S)

25

HPT(P,T)

26

HPX(P,X)

27

HTD(T)28

HTDD(T)

29

HTX(T,X)

84

IDENTF(‘A’)

66
68

PLDT(T)
PMLT(T)GAMTDD: Ratio of Speciﬁc Heats of Saturated
Vapor [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
HPD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]HPDD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]HPS: Speciﬁc Enthalpy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]

HPT: Speciﬁc Enthalpy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]

HPX: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]HTD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Liquid [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]HTDD: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Saturated Vapor [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
HTX: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]IDENTF: CHARACTER TYPE FUNCTION
for Package Identiﬁcation (Length 20)
C: ‘A’=‘C’: ‘CH2F-CF3’ Molecular Formula
S: ‘A’=‘S’: ‘HFC-134A(R134A)’ Name of Substance
V: ‘A’=‘V’: ‘10.1’ Version Number

240≤T<374 [K]−33.15≤T<100.85 [◦ C]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤0.072979×106 [Pa]
SPD(P)≤S≤SPT(P,480K)[J/(kg·K)]
0.072979×106 <P≤15×106 [Pa]SPT(P,240K)≤S≤
SPT(P,480K) [J/(kg·K)]
0.7≤P≤0.72979 [bar]SPD(P)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]
0.72979<P≤150 [bar]SPT(P,−33.15◦ C)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]
0.07×106 ≤P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0.7≤P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]one of ‘C’, ‘S’ and ‘V’HFC-134a(R134a)

419
Table II–2.45–1

No.
85

Name of
Function
PRPD(P)

86
81

PRPDD(P)
PRPT(P,T)

87

PRTD(T)

88
99
30

PRTDD(T)PSBT(T)
PST(T)72
73
31

PSTD(T)
PSTDD(T)SIGP(P)

32

SIGT(T)

33

SPD(P)34

SPDD(P)35

SPT(P,T)36

SPX(P,X)

37

STD(T)38

STDD(T)

39

STX(T,X)

67
69
64

TLDP(P)
TMLP(P)
TPH(P,H)

HFC-134a (R134a) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)PRPD: Prandtl Number of Saturated Liquid [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]0.117×106 ≤P≤2.061×106 [Pa]1.17≤P≤20.61 [bar]

PRPT: Prandtl Number [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

298.15≤T≤360 [K]
0.07×106 ≤P≤PST(T) [Pa]PRTD: Prandtl Number of Saturated Liquid [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

25≤T≤86.85 [◦C]
0.7≤P≤PST(T) [bar]250≤T≤342 [K]−23.15≤T≤68.85 [◦C]

PST∗: Saturation Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]

SIGP: Surface Tension [N/m]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
SIGT: Surface Tension [N/m]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
SPD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Liquid[J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]SPDD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Vapor[J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]SPT: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

0.04376×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.4376≤P≤40.64 [bar]230≤T≤374.3 [K]−43.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]SPX: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]STD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Liquid[J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
STDD: Speciﬁc Entropy of Saturated Vapor[J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
STX: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]TPH∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy [J/kg]

0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0.7≤P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦C]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]0.07×106 ≤P≤0.072979×106 [Pa]HPD(P)≤H≤HPT(P,480K) [J/kg]
0.072979×106 <P≤15×106 [Pa]
HPT(P,240K)≤H≤
HPT(P,480K) [J/kg]
0.7≤P≤0.72979 [bar]HPD(P)≤H≤HPT(P,206.85◦C) [J/kg]
0.72979<P≤150 [bar]HPT(P,−33.15◦C)≤H≤
HPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/kg]

6H

TPH2(P,H)

420

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.45–1

No.
65

Name of
Function
TPS(P,S)

HFC-134a (R134a) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)TPS∗: Temperature [K], [◦C]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]

Range of Argument(s)0.07×106 ≤P≤0.072979×106 [Pa]
SPD(P)≤S≤SPT(P,480K)[J/(kg·K)]
0.072979×106 <P≤15×106 [Pa]SPT(P,240K)≤S≤
SPT(P,480K) [J/(kg·K)]
0.7≤P≤0.72979 [bar]SPD(P)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]
0.72979<P≤150 [bar]SPT(P,−33.15◦ C)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]

6S
98

TPS2(P,S)TPSEUP(P)70

TPV(P,V)TPSEUP: Pseudo Boiling Point [K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]TPV∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]V: Speciﬁc Volume [m3 /kg]

4.064×106 ≤P≤15×106 [Pa]40.64≤P≤150 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤0.072979×106 [Pa]VPD(P)≤V≤VPT(P,480K) [m3 /kg]
0.072979×106 <P≤15×106 [Pa]VPT(P,240K)≤V≤
VPT(P,480K) [m3/kg]
0.7≤P≤0.72979 [bar]VPD(P)≤V≤
VPT(P,206.85◦ C) [m3 /kg]
0.72979<P≤150 [bar]VPT(P,−33.15◦C)≤V≤
VPT(P,206.85◦ C) [m3 /kg]

41
100
40

TRPL(‘A’)
TSBP(P)
TSP(P)

74
75
42

TSPD(P)TSPDD(P)UPD(P)43

UPDD(P)79

UPS(P,S)

44

UPT(P,T)

TSP∗: Saturation Temperature [K], [◦ C]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]UPD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Liquid [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]UPDD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Vapor [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]UPS: Speciﬁc Internal Energy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]

0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]

UPT: Speciﬁc Internal Energy [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤0.072979×106 [Pa]
SPD(P)≤S≤SPT(P,480K)[J/(kg·K)]
0.072979×106 <P≤15×106 [Pa]SPT(P,240K)≤S≤
SPT(P,480K) [J/(kg·K)]
0.7≤P≤0.72979 [bar]SPD(P)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]
0.72979<P≤150 [bar]SPT(P,−33.15◦ C)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]
0.07×106 ≤P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0.7≤P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦ C]

HFC-134a(R134a)

421
Table II–2.45–1

No.
45

Name of
Function
UPX(P,X)

46

UTD(T)

47

UTDD(T)

48

UTX(T,X)

49

VPD(P)50

VPDD(P)80

VPS(P,S)

51

VPT(P,T)52

VPX(P,X)

53

VTD(T)54

VTDD(T)

55

VTX(T,X)

8E
8F
83

WPD(P)WPDD(P)
WPT(P,T)

HFC-134a (R134a) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)UPX: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]UTD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Liquid [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
UTDD: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Saturated
Vapor [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
UTX: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]VPD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]VPDD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]VPS: Speciﬁc Volume [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy [J/(kg·K)]

VPT: Speciﬁc Volume [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
VPX: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]VTD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Liquid [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
VTDD: Speciﬁc Volume of Saturated Vapor [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
VTX: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]
T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
X: Dryness Fraction [–]WPT: Velocity of Sound [m/s]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]

Range of Argument(s)0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0.07×106 ≤P≤0.072979×106 [Pa]
SPD(P)≤S≤SPT(P,480K)[J/(kg·K)]
0.072979×106 <P≤15×106 [Pa]SPT(P,240K)≤S≤
SPT(P,480K) [J/(kg·K)]
0.7≤P≤0.72979 [bar]SPD(P)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]
0.72979<P≤150 [bar]SPT(P,−33.15◦ C)≤S≤
SPT(P,206.85◦ C) [J/(kg·K)]
0.07×106 ≤P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0.7≤P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦C]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]0≤X≤1.0 [–]240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦C]
0≤X≤1.0 [–]0<P≤15×106 [Pa]240≤T≤480 [K]
0<P≤150 [bar]−33.15≤T≤206.85 [◦C]

8G
8H
56

WTD(T)WTDD(T)
XPH(P,H)57

XPS(P,S)

XPH: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
XPS: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]

0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]HPD(P)≤H≤HPDD(P) [J/kg]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]SPD(P)≤S≤SPDD(P) [J/(kg·K)]

422

P-PROPATH: Pure Substances and Mixtures with Fixed Composition
Table II–2.45–1

No.
58

Name of
Function
XPU(P,U)59

XPV(P,V)60

XTH(T,H)

61

XTS(T,S)62

XTU(T,U)63

XTV(T,V)

HFC-134a (R134a) Function (cont’d)

Function and Argument(s)Range of Argument(s)XPU: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]U: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
XPV: Dryness Fraction [–]P∗: Pressure [Pa], [bar]V: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]
XTH: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
H: Speciﬁc Enthalpy of Mixture [J/kg]
XTS: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
S: Speciﬁc Entropy of Mixture [J/(kg·K)]
XTU: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
U: Speciﬁc Internal Energy of Mixture [J/kg]
XTV: Dryness Fraction [–]T∗: Temperature [K], [◦ C]
V: Speciﬁc Volume of Mixture [m3 /kg]

0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]UPD(P)≤U≤UPDD(P) [J/kg]
0.07×106 ≤P≤4.064×106 [Pa]0.7≤P≤40.64 [bar]VPD(P)≤V≤VPDD(P) [m3 /kg]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]
HTD(T)≤H≤HTDD(T) [J/kg]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]
STD(T)≤S≤STDD(T) [J/(kg·K)]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]
UTD(T)≤U≤UTDD(T) [J/kg]
240≤T≤374.3 [K]−33.15≤T≤101.15 [◦ C]
VTD(T)≤V≤VTDD(T) [m3 /kg]