Council of theEuropean Union
Brussels, 19 November 2021
(OR. en)14126/21

RECH 520
COMPET 846

NOTE
From:
To:

Permanent Representatives Committee (Part 1)
Council

Subject:

Conclusions on the future governance of the European Research Area
(ERA)
Approval

1.

On 1 December 2020, the Council approved conclusions on the new European Research Area
(ERA), which called on the Member States and the Commission to develop in 2021 a multilevel governance model to deliver on the new ERA.

2.

The Presidency proposed draft Council conclusions on the future governance of the ERA inorder to develop the new governance model for the new ERA. The Research Working Party
examined the draft conclusions at its meetings on 13 September, 7 and 25 October, and 8 and
11 November 2021.

3.

The Permanent Representatives Committee examined the text of the draft conclusions on 17
November 2021. Following the presentation of a Presidency compromise proposal to solve alast remaining outstanding issue related to the ERA policy action "An ERA for green
transformation" (on page 19, ERA Action 11 of the Annex), all pending scrutiny reservations
were lifted on 18 November.

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4.

The Polish and Hungarian delegations have indicated their intention to enter statements to theminutes of the meeting of the Council approving the draft conclusions as regards references inthe text to "gender equality" (document 14126/21 ADD1).

5.

In the light of the above, the Council (Competitiveness) is therefore invited to approve thedraft conclusions set out in the Annex to this note.

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ENANNEXDRAFTCOUNCIL CONCLUSIONSON THE FUTURE GOVERNANCE OF THE EUROPEAN RESEARCH AREA (ERA)

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNIONRECALLING‒

its conclusions of December 2015 on the ‘Review of the European Research Area advisory
structure’1 which reiterated the importance of a well-functioning advisory structure to ensure
the coherent and effective implementation of the ERA;‒

the ERAC report of December 2020 on ‘The 2019 Action Plan for the Advisory Structure of
the European Research Area’2 and its lessons learned and the ERAC opinion of December
2019 on the future of the ERA3;‒

its conclusions of December 2020 on the ‘New European Research Area’4 which is defined asa researchers-centred, value-based, excellence as well as impact-driven area, in which
researchers, knowledge and technology are supported and can circulate freely and calls on theCommission and the Member States to develop in 2021 an ERA Policy Agenda and a multilevel governance model to deliver on the ‘New ERA’, taking into consideration thegovernance-related elements in the Commission communication of September 2020 on‘A new ERA for research and innovation’5;

1
2
3
4
5

14875/15.
ERAC 1212/20.
ERAC 1201/20.
13567/20.
11400/20 + ADD1.

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NEW ERA GOVERNANCE CONTEXT
1.

RECOGNISES the need to revise and reform the governance framework for the ERA, inorder to reflect the changed policy environment affecting research and innovation (R&I), tofoster the investments and reforms needed to secure our scientific leadership and the need toleverage more effectively the potential of R&I for society and the economy;

2.

ACKNOWLEDGES the wider societal recognition and increased expectation of the role ofR&I and its exploitation in addressing present and future societal, environmental andeconomic challenges induced, inter alia, by COVID-19 and climate change, which alsoentails a need for a renewed, stronger and more coherent European R&I policy;
REITERATES the continued importance of basic, curiosity-driven science and INVITES theMember States and the Commission to strike a balance between ‘mission-oriented’ and‘curiosity-driven’ public R&I investments as a prerequisite to achieving the new ERA;3.

ACKNOWLEDGES that the attainment of the objectives and targets defined within the ERA
requires foresight analysis and prioritisation of R&I policy initiatives, increased politicalownership and a more effective translation into action through coordination at Union, nationaland regional level;

4.

CONSIDERS the special partnership between the Union and associated countries, as well as
cooperation with stakeholders in the implementation of the ERA to be important; AGREES
with a case by case approach for the involvement of associated countries and stakeholders in
the governance bodies taking into account their respective roles in the implementation of the
ERA, as well as that of relevant third countries; and REITERATES that cooperation withthird countries should be based on shared fundamental values and principles, including abalanced reciprocity and respect for academic freedom;

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5.

UNDERSCORES the cross-sectoral dimensions of the ERA policy as essential characteristics
for its governance, requiring shared ownership and directionality of policy actions;
EMPHASISES that R&I is at the core of the green transition, digital transformation and othercross-sectoral policy goals, and should contribute to the design and implementation of
relevant policies, for which improved coordination interfaces and knowledge exchanges at the
EU and national levels with such sectoral policies are required;

6.

STRESSES the role that the Recovery and Resilience Plans, the Union R&I Framework
Programme and Cohesion policy instruments can have in supporting the new ERA;

7.

RECALLS the importance of mainstreaming gender equality in the design, implementationand monitoring of R&I policies and TAKES NOTE of the contribution of the Ljubljana
Declaration on Gender Equality in R&I to the ERA Action in this area;

RENEWED ERA GOVERNANCE AND POLICY SETTING
8.

HIGHLIGHTS that the new ERA and its priorities require a comprehensive redesign of thecurrent ERA governance, with a view to rationalising resources and strengthening its capacity
for effective implementation while respecting the inter-institutional balance, the principle ofsubsidiarity and the respective competences in the field of R&I; ACKNOWLEDGES that the
new ERA governance should be shaped inter alia by:
a.

the Pact for Research & Innovation in Europe (Pact for R&I) setting out thefundamental R&I values and principles for the new ERA, the priority areas for ERA
actions and the policy coordination mechanisms;b.

the ERA Policy Agenda, designed to contribute to the priority areas from the Pact for
R&I, setting out the voluntary ERA actions which are defined and coordinated at Unionlevel in order to attain agreed outcomes;

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ERA Policy Agenda and ERA actions
9.

UNDERLINES that achieving the new ERA requires an ERA Policy Agenda that ensures thecommitment of all relevant actors, embraces the diversity of national and regional policy
environments and employs a tailor-made and voluntary approach. It is to be approved by theCouncil, every three years, while acknowledging the longer-term nature of some actions;

10.

The ERA actions are identified in the ERA policy agenda with a view to ensuring impact,credibility and effectiveness of the new ERA, and their actual implementation should aim at
fulfilling the following criteria:•

Relevance: address at least one of the priority areas identified in the Council
recommendation on a Pact for R&I and ensure clear added value of joint action;•

Viability: clearly set out their objective, timing, milestones, actors, and funding as wellas anticipated contribution to realisation of ERA;•

Commitment: secure the commitment of at least half of Union Member States
representing a critical mass in order to ensure a broad political support and to provide
opportunities beyond the participating States to benefit all Member States;

11.

AGREES on the common ERA Policy Agenda for 2022-2024 as presented in the Annex,
CONSIDERS it a dynamic document that may be subject to adjustments by the Council
throughout its duration, and CALLS FOR its implementation by the Commission and theMember States, in cooperation with associated countries, stakeholders and relevant third
countries where applicable;

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12.

INVITES the Commission to provide explanatory documents for each ERA action set out in
the Annex and, on this basis, INVITES ERAC to provide its views on the ERA Policy
Agenda by April 2022, in order to facilitate Member States and where applicable associatedcountries to identify within the first semester 2022 the ERA actions in which they wish toparticipate; CALLS ON Member States and INVITES associated countries to provide
information on their take-up at national level; STRESSES that it is up to each Member Stateand associated country to define how the ERA Actions in which they choose to participate
should be addressed at national level; INVITES Member States and associated countries todetermine the optimal national process for providing information in the ERA policy online
platform on the measures, including potential reforms or investments, relevant for the chosen
ERA Actions and for the ERA priorities, including those reflected in the chosen national
policy vehicles such as strategies, National Action Plans or Roadmaps where available;

Governance architecture of ERA
13.

AGREES that the Council’s decision-making and policy-guiding role within the ERA
governance includes notably the approval of long-term guidance in the form of the Council
Recommendation on a Pact for R&I in Europe, of mid-term priorities in the form of the ERA
Policy Agenda, both based in principle upon initiatives of the Commission, and of theirrevision in response to the mid-term assessment of the ERA Policy Agenda and to theassessment of the Pact for R&I in Europe respectively; CALLS UPON the Commission to
update the Council regularly, including through its preparatory bodies, on the work carried out
by the ERA Forum; RECALLS the Council's role in providing additional political guidance at
any time with initiatives such as Council Conclusions and Council Resolutions on any ERA
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14.

INVITES the Presidencies of the Council to consider organising ERA ministerial conferences
to inform the evolution of the ERA, building on the work of relevant ERA governance bodies
where appropriate6;

15.

REAFFIRMS the European Research Area and Innovation Committee (ERAC) as the highlevel strategic policy joint advisory committee, providing early advice to the Council, theCommission and the Member States on strategic R&I policy issues; RECOGNISES the needto assign to ERAC a mandate which will enable it to advise on the strategic direction ofEuropean and national R&I policy; RECOMMENDS that the revised mandate should include
inter alia elements to:•advise on strategic policy orientations and future trends that require the refinement ofUnion and national, including regional, R&I policies, including on the current and thenext Union R&I Framework Programme and other relevant R&I-driven Union
initiatives;•

initiate updates of the ERA Policy Agenda, by providing early strategic advice informed
also by consideration of the progress made in the ongoing ERA Actions;•reflect and provide advice on new policy demands, which fulfil the ERA Policy Agenda
criteria, throughout the implementation of the ERA Policy Agenda;•

interact with governance and coordination structures at similar level in other relevant
policy areas, such as higher education and industry;

6

14989/18 and 13567/20.

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16.

RECOGNISES the role of the ERA Forum, including its possible sub-groups, as the body,established by the Commission, responsible for enhancing coordination towards the effective
implementation of the ERA Policy Agenda, supporting the Commission and the Member
States in the delivery of the ERA Actions; CONSIDERS that the ERA Forum should:•

co-design and coordinate among the Commission and the Member States on the
preparation of Commission’s initiatives with regard to future updates of the ERA Policy
Agenda and discuss alignment with other policies;•

co-design and coordinate the implementation of the ERA actions among theCommission, Member States and, on a case by case basis, associated countries,
stakeholders, as well as relevant third countries;•

analyse the monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the ERA Policy Agenda
through the ERA Scoreboard and the information provided through the ERA policy
platform, and contribute to the Commission’s work in preparing a report to the Council;•

act as a facilitator for the preparation of additional candidate ERA Actions in variablegeometry, with support from the Union where appropriate, as well as for the exchangeof best practices on national ERA policies and measures;

WAY FORWARD
17.

INVITES the Commission to establish, by the end of 2021, the ERA Forum; CONSIDERS
that the co-chairing of the ERA Forum by the Commission and a Member State representative
will result in enhanced ownership and more efficient implementation of the renewed ERA;
similarly, its sub-groups may be chaired or co-chaired by the Commission and/or a Member
State, or, subject to agreement in the ERA Forum, co-chaired by an associated country or
stakeholders representative;

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18.

INVITES the Commission to present to the Council by mid-2022 a monitoring and evaluation
framework for the implementation of the ERA co-designed with the ERA Forum and toprovide it with information on the progress of the implementation of the ERA Policy Agenda
at mid-term, on the basis of discussions carried out by the ERA Forum; RECALLS that
ERAC may be called upon to provide advice on these initiatives at any time;

19.

RECOMMENDS that participation at selected meetings of the ERA Forum or their specificagenda items when preparing the Commission’s initiative on the ERA Policy Agenda should
be limited to representatives of the Commission and the Member States, while consulting withthe stakeholders and associated countries as well as relevant third countries;

20.

PROPOSES that a Steering Committee is set up within the ERA Forum, consisting of theCommission, the incumbent and subsequent Council Trio Presidency, for preparing its
meetings; RECOMMENDS that, on the basis of a proposal from the Steering Committee, the
ERA Forum applies a consistent approach as far as possible to the involvement of associatedcountries, relevant third countries and stakeholders in its work;

21.

CONSIDERS that stakeholders should be more systematically involved in the delivery of the
ERA at Union and national levels; UNDERLINES that national stakeholder participation
should be ensured at national level; with regard to the work of the ERA Forum and its
possible sub-groups INVITES the Commission to foresee that the ERA Forum will:14126/21
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•

ensure representative involvement at its relevant meetings of EU-level umbrellaorganisations or other appropriate representative organisations relevant at EU level ofthe following seven types of stakeholders: universities and other higher education
institutions, research and technology performing organisations, R&I-intensive
businesses, including SMEs, individual researchers and innovators, including at earlyand middle stages of their carriers, research infrastructures, R&I-funding organisations
and academies of sciences;•

set up an open, online, voluntary stakeholder register to increase transparency in theidentification of the ERA stakeholders involved in the work of the ERA Forum and its
possible sub-groups, taking into account respective thematic issues;•

take into consideration the institutional autonomy of public and private researchorganisations and higher education institutions when discussing the potential reforms of
R&I policies at all relevant levels;

22.

AGREES to review the ERAC mandate in order to reflect the new ERA governance,
including limiting membership to Member States representatives with high executive level of
responsibility for R&I policies; ACKNOWLEDGES the added value of the co-chairing of
ERAC by the representatives of Member States and the Commission and SUGGESTS
inviting associated countries as well as relevant third countries, external experts andstakeholders to relevant ERAC meetings for specific agenda topics; SUGGESTS
representation of the incumbent and subsequent Council Trio Presidencies on the ERAC
Steering Board, which selects and prepares topics for strategic discussions of ERAC,
supported as necessary by ERAC ad-hoc task forces, and being informed by the work of the
ERA Forum as appropriate;

23.

CONSIDERS that the creation of time-limited, outcomes-focused and objectives-bound subgroups of the ERA Forum, when duly justified, should be the default approach for
implementing ERA Actions;

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24.

SUGGESTS that for the coordination and implementation of R&I policy in the area of
research infrastructures and R&I partnerships, permanent governance structures, the European
Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI), the Partnership Knowledge Hub and theEuropean Open Science Cloud (EOSC) Steering Board continue their work as independent
Commission Expert Groups and closely coordinate with and regularly inform the ERA
Forum; STRESSES that these structures should take into account the renewed approach to
ERA governance including the possibility of being chaired or co-chaired by representatives of
the Commission and/or Member States;

25.

UNDERLINES the integrating and structuring role of research infrastructures at all levels,
including e-infrastructures, in the European knowledge and innovation ecosystem,
ENDORSES the ESFRI Roadmap adopted in 2021, WELCOMES the ongoing assessment of
the European Research Infrastructure Consortium (ERIC) legal framework and
REITERATES its invitation to the Commission to submit the next ERIC implementation
report by 2022;

26.

AGREES that the existing ERA-related groups: the ERAC dedicated configurations GPC(High Level Group on Joint Programming), SFIC (the Strategic Forum for International
Scientific and Technological Cooperation) and the Standing Working Groups on Human
Resources and Mobility, on Gender in Research and Innovation and on Open Science andInnovation are discontinued as groups under the remit of the Council; RECOMMENDS that
their work is taken into account and, if so decided within the ERA Forum, continued within
the ERA Forum, to the extent where it contributes to the implementation of the new ERA
Policy Agenda;

27.

ACKNOWLEDGING the new global approach to R&I as set out in the Council conclusionson ‘the Global approach to Research and Innovation – Europe’s strategy for international
cooperation in a changing world’, RECOMMENDS setting up a standing sub-group of the
ERA Forum, co-chaired by Member States and the Commission, to take into account andcontinue the work done by SFIC;

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28.

INVITES Member States, associated and other relevant third countries to ensure appropriate
resources for implementation, monitoring and evaluation of ERA actions and priorities atnational and/or regional level; URGES the Commission to endeavour to reduce bureaucracy
and the administrative burden when implementing the online policy platform and conducting
bilateral dialogues between the Member States and the Commission.

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ANNEX to the ANNEXERA POLICY AGENDA 2022-2024

This ERA Policy Agenda sets out a catalogue of voluntary ERA actions for the period 2022-2024 tocontribute to the priority areas defined in the Council Recommendation on a Pact for Research andInnovation in Europe. It is a first step to addressing comprehensively the priority areas set out in thePact. Member States and associated countries are invited to identify in which actions they wish toparticipate and to determine how these actions should be addressed at national level. Subsequent
editions of the ERA Policy Agenda will further complement these actions in the long term.
It draws mainly on the Commission’s Communication ‘A new ERA for Research and Innovation’and on the Council conclusions of December 2020 on the ‘New European Research Area’, of May
2021 on ‘Deepening the ERA: Providing researchers with attractive and sustainable careers andworking conditions and making brain circulation a reality’ and of September 2021 on the ‘Global
approach to Research and Innovation’.
The following ERA actions are ordered according to the priority areas in the Pact for Research andInnovation:

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Priority Area: Deepening a truly functioning internal market for knowledge
ERA Actions

Outcomes

1. Enable the open sharing of knowledge and the re-use of research outputs,
including through the development of the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC)•

Deploy Open Science principles and identify Open Science best practices•

Deploy the core components and services of EOSC and federate existing data
infrastructures in Europe, working towards the interoperability of researchdata
Establish a monitoring mechanism to collect data and benchmark investments,
policies, digital research outputs, open science skills and infrastructure
capacities related to EOSC
Identify barriers and challenges to access and reuse of publicly funded R&I
results and of publications and data for scientific purposes, and identify
potential impacts on research, through an analysis of relevant provisions
under EU copyright and data legislation and related regulatory frameworks,
and of relevant institutional and national initiatives
Propose legislative and non-legislative measures to improve the current EU
copyright and data legislative and regulatory frameworks
Analysis of legal and administrative barriers at national and trans-national
level for a modern research assessment system
Create a coalition of European research funders and research performers who
agree on a new approach for research assessment, following wide andinclusive consultations at European and international level
Implementation plan of the coalition to roll-out the new approach, including
pilots in different domains••
2. Propose a EU copyright and data legislative and regulatory framework fit for
research••
3. Advance towards the reform of the Assessment System for research, researchers
and institutions to improve their quality, performance and impact••

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•

4. Promote attractive and sustainable research careers, balanced talent circulationand international, transdisciplinary and inter-sectoral mobility across the ERA

•
•
•
•
•
•

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Development of a European Framework for research careers and toolbox of
support measures to improve attractiveness of research careers in academia
and beyond
Launch an observatory on research careers
Revise the Charter and Code for researchers
Set up the ERA Talent Platform as the one-stop-shop online gateway to
EURAXESS services, network and portals including HRS4R, and RESAVER
Launch the ERA4You initiative to promote talent circulation between sectors
and across the EU
Exchange of good practices with regard to R&I systems to support balanced
brain circulation
Pilot with European Universities alliances the European Framework for
Research Careers

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•
•
5. Promote gender equality and foster inclusiveness, taking note of the Ljubljana
declaration•••
6. Deepening the ERA through protecting academic freedom in Europe••

7. Upgrade EU guidance for a better knowledge valorisation•••

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Develop a policy coordination mechanism to support all aspects of genderequality through inclusive Gender Equality Plans and policies, and a
dedicated EU network on their implementation
Strategy to counteract gender-based violence including sexual harassment in
the European R&I system and to assure gender equality in working
environments through institutional change in any research funding or
performing organisation
A policy approach to strengthen gender equality, that addresses gendermainstreaming to advance the new ERA
Develop principles for the integration and evaluation of the gender
perspective in research and innovation content in cooperation with national
Research Funding Organisations
Facilitate the development of a policy approach to safeguard the freedom ofscientific research in Europe, based on the Bonn declaration on freedom ofscientific research
Support interested organisations in implementing the recommendations of theguidelines on foreign interference
Publication of a first European monitoring report on the freedom of scientificresearch
Develop and endorse Guiding Principles for knowledge valorisation
Development of a Code of Practice for smart use of IP together withstakeholders
Development of a Code of Practice for researchers on standardisation

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•
•
8. Strengthen sustainability, accessibility and resilience of research infrastructuresin the ERA

•
•
•
•

9. Promote a positive environment and level playing field for international
cooperation based on reciprocity•••

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Strategic analysis of the European Research Infrastructure landscape
Broader and more sustainable access for all countries to European research
infrastructures and their services and revision of the European Charter ofAccess to Research Infrastructures
Update of the ESFRI Roadmap and implementation of the RI performancemonitoring framework
Report on the ERIC Framework
Increased cooperation between research infrastructures, e-infrastructures andstakeholders, including through EOSC
Further develop values and principles for international cooperation in researchand innovation as set out in the Council Conclusions on the Global approach
to Research and Innovation - Europe's strategy for international cooperation ina changing world to be promoted in multilateral dialogues with partnercountries and international fora
Launch one pilot initiative on the Team Europe approach for a specific world
region and/or topic
Develop a European Science Diplomacy Agenda
Promote a coordinated joint approach for engagement in multilateral
initiatives

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Priority Area: Taking up together the challenges posed by the twin green and digitaltransition, and increasing society’s participation in the ERA
ERA Actions
10. Make EU R&I missions and partnerships key contributors to the ERA

Outcomes••••

11. An ERA for green transformation•

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Share information, create awareness and build ownership of EU R&I missions
at national level, regional and community level in order to promote citizen
engagement
Monitor the performance of partnerships and how they contribute to the new
ERA and its set of values and principles (on the basis of the work of thePartnership Knowledge Hub)
Policy approach for a cooperation framework on R&I driven climate-neutral
safe and sustainable low-carbon energy technologies
Development of a green hydrogen R&I ERA pilot action, while ensuringconsistency with other related initiatives and without prejudice to therelevance of a broader hydrogen R&I policy approach
ERA4FutureWork: a policy approach (at national, regional, local and EU
levels) to address R&D funding for the Future of Work

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•
•

12. Accelerate the green/digital transition of Europe’s key industrial ecosystems

•
•
•
•
•

13. Empower Higher Education Institutions to develop in line with the ERA, and insynergy with the European Education Area

•
•
•
•

14. Bring Science closer to Citizens••

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Consultation process on R&I-related needs of industries, including
skilling/upskilling needs, digitalisation, R&I driven standardisation, common
technology roadmaps, and research and technology infrastructures
Develop a robust policy framework to better support fundamental research atnational and European levels to generate breakthrough knowledge andinnovation
Development of a policy approach to link industrial and R&I policies, notably
on how to accelerate the industrial take-up of R&I results, and launch pilots intransport and energy industrial ecosystems
Development of industrial technology roadmaps on low carbon technologies
for energy-intensive industries and on circular industrial technologies
Development of a coordination mechanism to provide industry with thetechnology infrastructures needed to test, validate and upscale innovations
Address the social adaptation of the green (and digital) transitions
Support universities in their digital transition, including through initiatives
such as Connected Universities;
Develop and adopt a policy approach to equip researchers with the skills
needed for an interoperable career in academia and beyond
Policy approach on future EU level support for the further development of HE
institutions, including through a European Excellence Initiative and theconsolidation of the European Universities Initiative
Scale-up of the Plastic Pirates – Go Europe! initiative
Launch the European City for Science, during the European Year for theYouth, and networking different European cities.
Feasibility analysis for a federated “EU Science Media Network” to ensure
more factual journalistic reporting on science
Propose a policy coordination mechanism on public engagement practices,
including citizen involvement in scientific processes

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Priority Area: Amplifying access to research and innovation excellence across the Union
ERA Actions

Outcomes•

15. Build-up regional and national R&I ecosystems to improve regional/national
excellence and competitiveness16. Improve EU-wide access to excellence

•
•
•
•

17. Enhance the strategic capacity of Europe’s public research performing
organisations

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Define and pilot ERA Hubs to enable the emergence of competitive R&I
ecosystems across the EU, to fill territorial gaps and to ensure easier flow oftalents and investments
Consultation process on future bilateral R&I cooperation activities tostrengthen and connect R&I excellence in the ERA
Establish a dedicated work stream in the ERA Forum to improve access to
excellence
Design and implementation of tailor-made support to individual Member
States
Policy approach on the potential of COST to improve access to excellenceacross the EU
Implementation of a Science management Initiative, with at least 100
participating institutions across Europe

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Priority Area: Advancing concerted research and innovation investments and reforms
ERA Actions

Outcomes

18. Facilitate a national process or ERA policy vehicle preparation for identificationof running or planned measures contributing to the implementation of ERA••

19. Establish an efficient and effective ERA monitoring mechanism•

20. Support to the prioritisation, coordination and direction of R&I investments andreforms

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Provide coordination between EU and MS on the definition andimplementation of a national policy approaches supporting ERA
Develop the online ERA policy platform with the aim to have a consistent,
robust and quality tested national reporting system to feed the online policy
platform, taking into account current instruments
Develop the ERA scoreboard with the aim to monitor the progress towards
ERA priorities at EU level and the progress of individual ERA actions at MS
level, taking into account current instruments
Develop and promote the adoption of a policy and investment approach,through bilateral and multilateral policy dialogues in order to support
interested Member States in prioritising R&I investment, including synergies
between EU and national programmes and apply structural reforms

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