Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

NILIM

Survey of damage to port facilities caused by
the earthquake off the coast of Fukushima prefecture in March 2022

Survey of disasters caused by heavy rainfallthat started on August 3, 2022

Structural experiment for the promotion of medium and large buildings
to wooded structure (CO2 fixation effect)

Field operational test on providing information
to support merging into a main lane
- Field operational test of providing information
to automated driving vehicles to support merging into a main lane

Research Institute that creates the society of the future

FY 2023https://www.nilim.go.jp/

Table of Contents
 Mission of the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management(NILIM) · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 2
 Organization · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 3
 Research budget and employees· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 4
 Recent developments related to NILIM
Green challenge in land, infrastructure, transport, and tourism- Toward the realization of a green society - · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 5
Infrastructure DX - Transforming society with digital technology - · · · · · · · · · · · 6
Disaster prevention and mitigation, national resilience- For increased strength and flexibility - · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 7
Technical support for disaster and accident responses · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 8
Utilization of the joint research program- For the industry-academia-government collaboration -· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 9
Introduction of researcher exchange program· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 10
 Research and development that supports the planning, drafting, andspreading of the policy for land, infrastructure, transport, and tourism
Research to improve national resilience and protect the lives
and livelihood of the people· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 12
Research to increase the productivity and growth potential of society · · · · · · 15
Research to support comfortable and secure living · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 18
 Advanced technical support for responses to disasters/accidents andimprovement of countermeasure techniques · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 21
 Competence in new technologies of in-house engineers on the frontline· · · · · 23
 Collection, analysis, and management of data forming the technical basis ofpolicy formation and return to society · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 24
 International research activities· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 25
 Management initiatives supporting high-quality research· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 26
 To create a deeper understanding of NILIM · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 27
 Introduction to facilities · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 29
Cover photo(Upper left)

Survey of damage to port facilities caused by the earthquake off the coast of Fukushima Prefecture in March 2022 (Port, Coastal andMarine Department)(Upper right) Survey of damage caused by the heavy rain that started on August 3, 2022 (Road Structure Department)→ Related: p. 8. Technical support for disaster and accident responses(Bottom left) Structural experiment for the promotion of medium and large buildings to wooded structure (CO2 fixation effect) (Building Department)→ Related: p. 5. Green challenge in land, infrastructure, transport, and tourism - Toward the realization of a green society (Promotion of the use of wood in medium- and large-scale buildings)(Bottom right) Field operational test of providing information to support merging into a main lane - Field operational test of providing information toautomated driving vehicles to support merging into a main lane (Road Traffic Department)→ Related: p. 16. Research to increase the productivity and growth potential of society(5. Efforts to expand road sections where automated driving vehicles can fully utilize their automated driving functions
through road support)01

Mission of the National Institutefor Land and Infrastructure Management (NILIM)As the only national research organizationin the social infrastructure/housing field,
our goal is to use technology as the driving force
to create an attractive country and societythat are safer, more secure, and more vigorous,
both now and in the future.

NILIM research policy (excerpt)
Basic stance Participate in the policy development of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism as atechnical specialist taking into account the administrative perspective among other aspects
 Apply the advanced and comprehensive technical capabilities cultivated through research activities tothe actual fields of work.
 Connect to the creation of new policy using insight into the future image of national land/society andthrough the promotion of technology development.

Activities forming the basis
 Research and development that supports planning, drafting, and spreading the policy for land,
infrastructure, transport, and tourism (pp. 11–20)
 Advanced technical support for response to disasters/accidents and improvement of countermeasuretechniques (pp. 21–22)
 Competence in new technologies of in-house engineers on the frontline (p. 23)
 Collection, analysis, and management of data forming the technical basis of policy formation and return
to society (p. 24)
Click here for thefull research policy. →Yokosuka Office

Asahi and Tachihara Offices

02Personnel and Welfare Division
General Affairs Division

Deputy Director of General Affairs Department
Senior Officer for Welfare
Senior Officer for Contract and National Property

Accounting Division
Head Officer for General Affairs
Head Officer
for General Affairs

Planning and Research Administration Department
Research Coordinator for Digital Transformation of Infrastructure
Systems
Research Coordinator for Evaluation
Research Coordinator for Codes and Standards

Administrative Coordination Department

Yokosuka
OfficePlanning and Coordination DivisionInternational Coordination Division

Wastewater System Division

Research Coordinator for Water Quality Control
Research Coordinator for Wastewater Energy Management andSystem Restoration

River Department

Wastewater and Sludge Management
Division

River Division
Coast Division
Large-scale Hydraulic Structure Division
Flood Disaster Prevention Division
Sabo Planning Division
Sabo Risk-Management Division

Research Coordinator for Sediment Disaster Prevention

Road Traffic Department

Road Division

Research Coordinator for Road Affairs
Research Coordinator for Road Disaster Prevention
Research Coordinator for Digital Transformation of Road Systems

Road Safety DivisionRoad Environment Division
Intelligent Transport Systems Division
Bridge and Structures DivisionRoad Structures Department

Foundation, Tunnel and Substructures
Division
Pavement and Earthworks Division
Earthquake Disaster Management Division

Research Coordinator for Road Structures Management
Research Coordinator for Road Structures Recovery

Standards and Accreditation System Division

Building Department

Structural Standards Division

Research Managing Coordinator for Advanced Building Technology
Research Coordinator for Quality Control of Buildings
Research Coordinator for Disaster Mitigation of Buildings

Fire Standards Division
Equipment Standards Division
Material and Component Standards Division
Evaluation System Division

Tachihara Office

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

Housing Planning Division

Housing Department

Housing Stock Management Division

Research Coordinator for Building Environment Technology
Research Coordinator for Housing Performance
Research Coordinator for Housing Information System

Building Environment Division
Housing Production Division
Urban Planning Division

Urban Planning Department

Urban Facilities Division
Urban Disaster Mitigation Division
Urban Development Division

Port, Coastal and Marine Department
Research Coordinator for Advanced Port Technology
Research Coordinator for Coastal and Marine Affairs
Research Coordinator for Coastal and Marine Disaster Prevention

Port Planning Division
Port Systems Division
Port Facilities Division
Coastal Zone Systems Division
Marine Environment and Emergency
Management Division
Port and Coastal Disaster Prevention Division

Research Coordinator for Advanced Airport Technology

Research Coordinator for
Construction Management
Research Coordinator for Land
Management and Disaster Prevention
Research Coordinator for Advanced
Information Technology

Support Center for Port and Harbor Advanced Information Technology

Construction and Maintenance Management
Division

Digital Transformation of Infrastructure
Systems Research Committee

Maintenance Research Committee

Disaster Prevention and Reduction
Research Committee

Environment Research Committee

Climate Change Adaptation ResearchGroup

Introduction to facilities

Construction and Maintenance Systems
Division
Advanced Construction Technology Division
Information Platform Division
Construction Economics Division
Landscape and Ecology Division
Port Information System Division
Cost Estimation System Division
Port Construction Systems and Management
Division
Port Advanced Information Technology
Division

Yokosuka
OfficeResearch Center for Infrastructure Management

Asahi OfficeInternational expansion/
Public information activities

Airport Planning Division
Airport Facilities Division
Airport Construction Systems Division

Airport Department

Yokosuka Office

Beneficial use of field data

Research Departments (10 departments + 2 centers)

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Sabo Department

Water Cycle Division

Asahi Office

Research Coordinator for River Structures
Research Coordinator for Integrated Water Disaster Management
Research Coordinator for Water Environment

DeputyDirector-General
DeputyDirector-General
Executive Director
for Research Affairs
Executive Director
for Research Affairs

Research Facilities DivisionInternational Research Promotion Division
Senior Officer for Cyber Security andInformation
Administrative Division

Water Quality Control Department

DirectorGeneral

Tachihara OfficePlanning Division
Research Administration and Evaluation
Division

Asahi Office

Introduction of research

03

General Affairs Department

Asahi
OfficeSpecial feature

Administrative Departments(3 departments)

Organization, budget, andemployees

Organization

NILIM personnel are also dispatched to the
Sediment Disaster Prevention Technology Centerat the Kinki Regional Development Bureau.

As of April 2023

Organization, budget, andemployees

Research budget and employees
 Research budget

Airports
0.6 billion JPY

Roads
1.8 billion JPY

Ports/harbors
2.9 billion JPY

Administrative
staff
98

River andsediment
disasters
1.1 billion JPY

Total
351
Research staff
253

Sewerage systems
2.4 billion JPY*The total and the breakdowns do not match because no adjustment
is made to the decimal places after rounding.

Structure of employees (as of April 2023)

 Establishment of NILIM

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)
Public Works Research Institute (from 1922)

MLIT Headquarters etc.

Building Research Institute (from 1942)

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism[Independent administrative agencies]*1
Public Works Research Institute

NILIM

Building Research InstitutePort and Airport Research Institute*2

Under Article 194 of the Orderfor the Organization of MLIT

Survey and research and technologicaldevelopment that might fail to be
implemented if left up to the private
sector from among those that must be
implemented from the perspective of
public service and that the national
government need not implement
directly.

*1 With the April 2015 revision to the Act on the General Rules for Independent Administrative Agencies, the Public Works Research Institute, Building Research Institute,and the Port and Airport Research Institute became the National Research and Development Agencies.
*2 In April 2016, the National Maritime Research Institute and the Electronic Navigation Research Institute were merged to form the Port and Airport Research Institute.

Introduction to facilities

Comprehensive surveying, testing, research anddevelopment, technology guidance, disseminationof achievements, and collection, organization, andprovision of information regarding technologies
related to the provision of the social infrastructure inorder to utilize, develop, and preserve the national
land and to the planning and proposal of policies
that are under the jurisdiction of the Ministry ofLand, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.

Under Article 2 of the Act on the General Rules
for Independent Administrative Agencies

International expansion/
Public information activities

MLIT Headquarters etc.

Beneficial use of field data

Port and Harbor Research Institute (from 1962)

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

 After the reorganization of ministries and agencies in January 2001, as part of the incorporated administrative
agency system, sections that had been taking on operations that were inseparable from the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism were merged in April 2001.
In April 2021, NILIM celebrated its 20th anniversary.

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Structure of research budget (initial budget for FY 2023)

Introduction of research

Total
10.3 billion
JPY*

Special feature

Other
Construction 1.3 billion JPY
0.3 billion JPY

 Employees

04Organization, budget, andemployees
Special feature
Introduction of research
Support for accident anddisaster responses
Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

05

Recent developments related to NILIM

Green challenge in land, infrastructure, transport, and tourism- Toward the realization of a green society -[Green challenge in land, infrastructure, transport, and tourism]• Transportation and consumer sectors under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism account for
about 50% of Japan’s CO2 emissions.
• Moving toward carbon neutrality by 2050, review of related plans, formulation of growth strategies, etc. are gaining momentum.
• The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) has announced the green challenge in land, infrastructure, transport,
and tourism, containing six priority projects to be intensively implemented by 2030 in the environmental field of the MLIT from theperspective of cross-sectoral and public-private collaboration to realize a green society.

Smart and resilient lifestyles and urban
development that will increase energy conservation
and renewable energies

Example: Further reinforcement ofenergy conservation
measures for homes andbuildings
 Expansion of the installation
and use of regional
renewable energy through Mid- to high-rise wooden buildings
the use of infrastructure etc.

Development of a community that coexists withnature through the use of green infrastructure
Example: Promotion of the use ofgreen infrastructure inwatershed flood control
etc.

Conventional parkdevelopment

Drainage togutters

Park development thattakes rainwater infiltration
into consideration

Infiltration into the ground

Crushed stones

Construction of transportation, logistics, andinfrastructure systems to accommodate theelectrification of automobiles

Example: Promotion of the spread ofnext-generation vehicles andimprovement of the fuelefficiency of automobiles
 Promotion of transportationand logistics services utilizing
electric vehicles etc.

Green slow mobility

Development of sustainable transportation andlogistics services through digitalization andgreening

Example: Road traffic flow
improvement measuresfrom the perspectives ofsystems and infrastructures
 Promotion of green logistics

Realization of carbon neutrality in the port andmaritime sector, promotion of greening
Example: Promotion of thedevelopment of carbon
neutral port (CNP) Promotion of the installationof offshore wind power
Image of the port as a basegeneration

Realization of a carbon-neutral, recycling-oriented
society throughout the entire life cycle of infrastructure
Example: Energy conservation andtechnological innovation inconstruction work
 Promotion of energy
conservation in infrastructureservices

Promotion of the use of renewable energies

Reduction of emissions from facilities and vehicles

Reduction of emissions fromaircraft on the ground

Image of decarbonization at airports

 Examples of measures implemented by NILIM
Comprehensive study of sewerage technology
toward carbon neutrality

Ecosystem services of blue carbon ecosystem• The Energy Management• Blue carbon (BC) is attracting attention as a sink for greenhouse
Subcommittee of the Researchgases in coastal areas.
and Development Committee• BC ecosystems have multiple services, but their values are not
on Sewerage has been held toproperly recognized.
explore technologies needed forthe sewerage system to achieve
Historical site
Environmental Recreation
education• A method to visualize
Research Species conservation
carbon neutrality by 2050 (e.g.,
Food provision
Everyday relaxation
multiple ecosystem services
effective use of energy derived
Water quality improvement
in coastal areas is developed.
from sewage and reduction of
Global warming mitigation
GHG emissions from sewerage). An example of the effective use of sewage resourcesBlue carbon(technology of the B-DASH Project)

Support for planning ofenergy conservation measures

Multiple ecosystem services of coastal areas

Promotion of the use of woodin medium- and large-scale buildings

Promotion of the use of concrete-based
new materials for construction purposes• A mandatory system of compliance with• To increase demand for wood, which has highenergy conservation standards is in operation carbon storage effects, medium- andunder the Act on the Rational Use of Energy,
large-scale buildings, where the use of wood
which was revised to further improve thehas been slow to spread, need to beenergy-saving performance of buildings.
constructed with more wood through the useof CLT and other wooden materials.
• A large amount of energy conservation
standard application data are analyzed to• Prototypes feasible for actual applications areclarify actual energy conservation
created, and various experiments andperformance.
analyses are conducted from the perspectives• The relationship between building designof structure, fire safety, durability, and soundspecifications and energy conservation
insulation.
performance is analyzed to support the• Various guidelines including trial designs areformulation of energy conservation measures. formulated.

• The development of concrete-based newmaterials* that contribute to the reduction of
CO2 emissions is underway in the private
sector. Yet, criteria required for ministerial
approval to use this material as the main
structural parts of buildings have not yet been
established.

Whole building, number of cases: 7,937, average: 0.75

Air conditioning, number of cases: 6,759, average: 0.85
Air
conditioning

Total

Ventilation, number of cases: 3,351, average: 0.63

Lighting, number of cases: 7,591, average: 0.59

Ventilation

Lighting

Distribution of energy conservation performance• Indicators of quality and performancerequired to company with the BuildingStandards Act are examined to promote theiruses in building constructions.
* Materials similar to ordinary
concrete, an example being thezero-cement material that isunder development to be used
as a building material (the nameis used within this project).

Fine
Water aggregate

Coarseaggregate
Example of a trial design of Prototype II (S + CLT wall)

Non-cementbinder etc.

Example of concrete-based new material

[DX in the infrastructure field]

DX of Action

DX for knowledge and experience

DX of Things

Observation of fields from anywhere

Anyone can immediately start working on the field.

Anyone can easily understand diagrams.

 Promotion of DX in the infrastructure field[Promotion system] Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
DX Promotion Headquarters in the infrastructure field• Promotion of policy on data utilization• Establishment of implementation policy for BIM for infrastructure
promotion etc.
Collaboration among research facilities• Cooperation agreement for DX signed with the
Public Works Research Institute and Building
Research Institute

NILIM

Cooperation

DX Data Center, Construction DX Experimental
Field• Centralized management and analysis of directly
controlled BIM for infrastructure data
• Development of new technologies utilizing 3D data,
5G, etc.

Structure within NILIM: DX of Infrastructure
Systems Research Committee
Building
Research Institute• Promotion of research through cross-disciplinary
collaboration

Regional Development Bureaus
Human Resources Development Center• Implementation of BIM for infrastructure training• On-site demonstration of new technology etc.

Development of DX Data Center

Development of efficient ways to inspect port facilities using AI• 3D data such as BIM for infrastructure is large in size, making information
sharing difficult.
• Highly functional devices and expensive software are required, making it
difficult for small-scale contractors to make use of the system.

• Responding to aging infrastructure and a shortage of workers, it isnecessary to reduce labor and shorten the time required for port facility
inspections.

DX Data Center
BIM forinfrastructure

Road MMS
point clouddataRiver 3D area
diagramRemote viewing andediting of 3D data

Web conference system withshared BIM for infrastructure

Conceptual diagram of utilizing the DX Data Center

Aerial photographyusing UAV

Detection of cracks
based on captured
imagesIntroduction to facilities• The DX Data Center wasdeveloped as a system to store
3D data so that clients andcontractors can smoothly share
information.

• Development of efficient ways
to acquire data for port facility
inspections• Development of a system todetect cracks and/or otherdeformations from acquired
data by using AI

International expansion/
Public information activities

 Examples of measures implemented by NILIM

Beneficial use of field data

Public Works
Research InstituteSupport for fieldtechnology improvement

Research facilities

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Realization of the improved public understanding toward infrastructure and safe, secure, and prosperous lifestyles

Introduction of research

Transformation of social capital and public services, organizations, processes, culture and climate, and ways of working

Special feature

In response to rapidly changing socioeconomic situations, the following is to be achieved in the infrastructure field using data and digitaltechnology:• transform social capital and public services based on the needs of the people, and• transform operations, organization, processes, and the culture, climate, and work style of the construction industry and the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism, in order to improve public understanding of infrastructure and realize safe, secure, and prosperous lifestyles.

Organization, budget, andemployees

Infrastructure DX - Transforming society with digital technology -Example of crack detection

DX in the infrastructure sector, and promotion system: created based on materials from the 1st Headquarters for DX Promotion in the Infrastructure Sector, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

06

Organization, budget, andemployees

Disaster prevention and mitigation, national resilience - For increased strength and flexibility -Special feature• In recent years, weather disasters have become
more severe and frequent because of theeffects of climate change.
• Infrastructure that was intensively developed
during and after the period of rapid economic
growth will become obsolete at the same timein the future.
Levee breakage due to heavy rain in July 2018

Damage to the seawall caused by the storm waves
of Typhoon Faxai in 2019

 Three-year emergency measures for disaster prevention, disaster mitigation, and national land reinforcement (FY 2018–2020)

SensorContinuous connection and communication

ReceptionBasestationTransmission

Observation of the behavior of the entire system

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Example of sensor installation on a bridge

Construction of a Sabo dam with high capture
capacity of sediment and driftwood trapping
performance (Suzaka City, Nagano Prefecture)

Acceleration (m/s2)

System installation on bridges (about 20 locations nationwide)
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
-2.00
-4.00
-6.00

Acceleration (m/s2)

Introduction of research
Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

07

In light of the July 2018 heavy rains, the government of Japan will implement emergency measures over a three-year period, in addition to theexisting measures.
[Examples of measures implemented throughout Japan]  Examples of measures implemented by NILIM

6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
-2.00
-4.00
-6.00

Bridge girder: Vertical direction

0

50

100

150

200

250

300 (s)Ground: Vertical direction

0

50

100

150

200

250

300 (s)Acquisition of observation records of structural behavior

Development of seismic monitoring systems that can identify
the behavior of an entire infrastructure system during anearthquake

Construction of an experimental channel toenable the overflow experiments necessary to
study the development of tenacious river levees.

 Five-year emergency measures for disaster prevention, disaster mitigation, and national resilience (FY 2021–2025)
Further acceleration and deepening of the following areas implemented under the three-year emergency
measures with focused and intensive measures
1. Measures to address increasingly severe wind and flood damage and large-scale earthquakes that canhappen any time soon
2. Acceleration of measures to address aging infrastructures to shift to preventive maintenance of theinfrastructures
3. Promotion of digitization etc. for efficient implementation of measures to increase national resilience Examples of measures implemented by NILIM
Study for the development of persistent river levees

Catchment area
Utilization ofConstruction and upgrade water utilization damsof flood control dams

Measures to control backwater

Water retention
in rice paddy fields

Construction of drainage pump stations
Construction ofwater detention areas

Using irrigation ponds
for flood management

Construction ofretention facilities

Floodplain
Relocation
to low-risk areas
Water retention
in schoolyards

River channel excavation High-risk areas
Levee construction
and reinforcement

River areas

Example: Measures for river basin disaster
resilience and sustainability by all

To strengthen cities against earthquakes• Need to develop persistent river levees
that are resistant to collapse and effectivein mitigating damage in the event ofwater overflow.
• Verification of the effect of persistent riverlevees through experiments using
hydraulic models to organize theconcepts of selecting structures as draftsof technical references.

Damaged residential lots and housing
Experiment with large-scaleembankment model

Initiatives to shift to preventive maintenance• The urgent issue is to improve theefficiency of inspections andrepairs through the use of newtechnologies and other measures.

Cable
Outer surface of a girder• Development of technologies toreview inspection procedures andimprove the quality of repairs (seep. 14)

Trial using an actual bridge to review guidelines• Existing housing lots developedon sloping land havedeteriorated retaining walls thatare vulnerable to earthquakes.
• They affect speedy restorationand disaster relief activities inthe event of an earthquake.
• A method for seismic diagnosis
and reinforcement of existing
residential retaining walls isestablished.

Removing an
existing pile

• Renewal of aging buildings isneeded to make a city more
resilient.
• No reasonable method is available
to evaluate existing piles of aprevious building at the time ofrenewal, which has negative
effects such as requiring a longtime to remove the piles.
• A rational way to use theground including existing
piles is established.

Three-year emergency measures and five-year acceleration measures: Based on the Cabinet Secretariat website (https://www.cas.go.jp/jp/seisaku/kokudo_kyoujinka/index.html)

• In the event of a disaster, the NILIM dispatches experts with advanced technical knowledge in various fields to the affectedareas upon request.
• Particularly in the event of a serious disaster, TEC-FORCE* and other experts are dispatched to provide strong support to theprevention of secondary disasters and the restoration of disaster-hit areas.

with technical assistance.

 Legend
Solid line:

Disaster-hit areas to which the NILIM dispatched the
TEC-FORCE
Dashed line: Disaster-hit areas other than those mentioned above
The 2003 Tokachi-oki Earthquake

The 2018 Hokkaido Eastern
Iburi Earthquake

The 2007 Niigataken Chuetsu-oki Earthquake2016 Typhoon Lionrock
Northern Coast of Iwate Earthquake, 2008

September 11, 2014,
Heavy Rain caused
by Low Pressure System

The 2007 Noto Peninsula Earthquake

The 2008 Iwate-Miyagi Nairiku Earthquake

July 2004 Torrential Rain in Fukui

Off Miyagi Earthquake, May 26, 20032013 Typhoon Man-yi

The 2011 off the Pacific Coast of
Tohoku Earthquake(the Great East Japan Earthquake)

July 2006 Torrential Rain
2004 Typhoon Chaba2022 Typhoon Nanmadol

Off Fukushima Earthquake,
March 2022

July 2018 Torrential Rain

July 2004 Torrential Rainin Niigata and Fukushima
September 2015 Torrential Rainin Kanto and Tohoku

July 28, 2013, Torrential Rain
August 2014 Torrential Rain

Heavy Rain that Started on July 1, 2021
August 2021 Heavy Rain

July 2017 Torrential Rainin Northern Kyushu

May 6, 2012, Tornado

2003 Torrential Raincaused by the
Baiu Rain Front

Heavy Rain that Started on August 3, 2022
2019 Typhoon Faxai
2019 Typhoon Hagibis

July 2012 Torrential Rainin Northern Kyushu

2013 Typhoon Wipha2005 Typhoon Nabi

2011 Typhoon Talas[2023 Turkey-Syria Earthquake]
Antakya, Hatay Province, Turkey* Expert teams were dispatched in this case by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
as the Government of the Republic of Turkey requested assistance from the Government of Japan.

Photo credit: JICA

2004 Typhoon Tokage
The Heavy Rain Event of July 2020

FY 2022: 20 disasters
149 person-days

2020 Typhoon Haishen

FY 2021: 12 disasters
82 person-days

FY 2020: 9 disasters
105 person-days

International expansion/
Public information activities

2022 Typhoon TalasThe 2016 Kumamoto Earthquakes

Beneficial use of field data

July 2009 Torrential Rainin Chugoku and Northern
KyushuSupport for fieldtechnology improvement

Off Fukushima Earthquake,February 2021

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Northern Miyagi Earthquake, July 26, 20032016 The Itoigawa City Fire

August 2020 Torrential Rain

Introduction of research Past dispatches
The 2004 Chuetsu Earthquake

Special feature

In recent years, experts were dispatched to areas with damage caused by the torrential rains in July 2020,
Typhoon Haishen in 2020, heavy rains that started on July 1, 2021, heavy rains in August 2021, heavy rains thatstarted on August 3, 2022, and Typhoon* Technical Emergency Control Force: The system to dispatch expert teams established in FY 2008 by the
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in order to respond to extensive natural disasters byNanmadol in 2022.
surveying disaster damage and providing local governments and other organizations in the disaster-hit areas

Organization, budget, andemployees

Technical support for disaster and accident responses[2022 Wind and flood damage]

Introduction to facilities(Heavy rain that started on August 3, 2022)(2022 Typhoon Talas)
Yonezawa City,
Morotsuka Village, Higashiusuki District, Nishiki Town, Kuma District,
Yamagata Prefecture
Miyazaki Prefecture
Kumamoto Prefecture

08

The NILIM is conducting joint research on common issues where collaboration with otherorganizations is expected to produce better results more efficiently.

NILIM

 Planning of
joint research

Introduction of research

Public application

Co-researcher

Special feature Flow to the start of joint research  Results in recent years

 Application forparticipation

Support for accident anddisaster responses

 Screening
NILIM

Organization, budget, andemployees

Utilization of the joint research program- For the industry-academia-government collaboration -Relevance of the applicant
as research partner
Transparency of reasons forselection
Fairness etc.

• The NILIM has been conducting joint research in collaboration with various
institutions, including the national and local governments, national research anddevelopment corporations, universities, and public interest corporations.
• The NILIM is collaborating and conducting joint research with more than 50
institutions every year.

Number of joint research projects conducted in the last five years.

2018
New
5
Continuation
9
Total number
14
902019 2020
7
3
13
17
20
20

2021 2022
3
9
16
7
19
16

Number of collaborating institutions in the last five years(excluding duplicates)

80
70
60
50
40

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

30

Signing joint research agreement

20
10
0

Start of joint research

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

National and local governments

National research and development corporations

Universities

Public interest corporations

Private companies

Others (technical research associations, NPOs, etc.)

Beneficial use of field data Examples of researchInternational expansion/
Public information activities

Joint research on optimizing the operation,
including carbon neutrality, of work vessels
in offshore civil engineering work

Joint research on performance evaluation of
exterior wall ventilation methods
for wooden buildings

Joint research on the development of
sediment disaster monitoring method
using the Daichi-2 satellite[Collaborating institution] Specialists Center of Port andAirport Engineering[Research period] April 2023 to March 2026 (in progress)[Outline of the research][Collaborating institution] Institute of Technologists and 11
others[Research period] March 2022 to March 2025 (in progress)[Outline of the research][Collaborating institution] Japan Aerospace Exploration
Agency (JAXA)[Research period] July 2017 to March 2022
[Outline of the research]

Increased use of wooden buildings and ensuring theirlong-term durability are positioned as important issues
in achieving carbon neutrality goals.
In this joint research, outdoor exposure tests of actual
buildings (experimental house) are conducted to study
performance evaluations of exterior wall ventilation
methods of wooden buildings in regard to theirlong-term durability.

Sediment disaster management requires technologies
that can quickly identify the location and extent of adisaster in order to sophisticate initial responses after
the onset of a disaster.
In this joint research, a method to acquire suchinformation using synthetic aperture radar images
acquired by the satellite Daichi-2 in an emergency.

Experimental house

Sediment and driftwood generated by a mountainside
collapse accumulate on the road.

Characteristics of the movement of work vessels that
emit large amounts of CO2 emissions in offshore
construction work are analyzed using AIS data to
study efficient ways to operate the vessels.
Efficient ways to operate work vessels and ways toimprove the tracking ability of their movements will
be compiled.

Introduction to facilities

09

Example of work vessel movement (AIS data) Accepted experts
Accepted exchange researcher (by industry) 2019 to 2023
Construction consultant
Construction company
Manufacturer
Local government

2020

2021

2022

2023

Other
(public interest corporation)

 Comments from the alumni of the researcher exchange program
Sara Kagami
Enrollment period: 2021–2022
Home organization: Nihonkai Consultant
Assigned section: Road Traffic Department(at that time)

Introduction to facilities

I was assigned to Coastal Disaster
Prevention Division, Coastal, Marine andDisaster Prevention Department) of the
NILIM (Yokosuka Office) as an exchange
researcher in April 2021.
The assignment I was working on at that time was the study of design method of
port facilities based on future storm surge and wave forecasts in relation to climatechange adaptation measures at ports and harbors. It was a golden opportunity forme to experience the responsibility that my study results might be used to review
design standards, which I had been on the user side, and the sense ofaccomplishment when it was realized. Also, although it was during the COVID-19
pandemic, I was able to interact with many people at the NILIM, Port and Airport
Research Institute, and university faculties mainly through my work. When I return
to my company, I would like to apply the knowledge and experience I gained at the
NILIM to actual operations by using various approaches to address issues that I canfind thanks to my experience at the NILIM.

International expansion/
Public information activities

I worked at Information Platform Division for two
years from FY 2015 as an exchange researcher.
This was my first assignment outside of my homecompany, and I did not know what to do. But
thanks to the tremendous support I received fromthe staff members at the lab and other exchange researchers, I was able to quickly
adjust to the environment here. In the lab, I was involved in the research on the useof CIM in maintenance and management operations. One example is thedevelopment of the standard of 3D data model required for CIM and various
standards related to i-Construction, which was in its initial phase. Both were majorchanges, and it was a very valuable experience to be assigned to these importanttasks at this time. The experience of interacting with people from various industries
with which I had no direct contact before and gaining a broader perspective of theentire country and industry was beneficial to my current work. The exchange
program was a great opportunity for me to grow. Looking back on it now, I feel that
it was the most intense two years of my career.

Kanta Okamoto
Enrollment period: 2021–2022
Home organization: Alpha HydraulicEngineering Consultants
Assigned section: Coastal, Marine andDisaster Prevention Department (at that time)

Beneficial use of field data

Daisuke Yamaoka
Enrollment period: 2015–2016
Home organization: Fujitsu
Assigned section: Research Center for
Infrastructure Management (at that time)

I am conducting research on technologies toimprove the mobility environment focusing
on improving traffic services within thegreater framework developing technologies
to revitalize suburban residential areas.
In the suburbs, the aging of the populationand the decline in the level of service provided by the existing public
transportation system have made it problematic for many residents to get aroundon a daily basis. I thus conducted a social experiment using Green Slow Mobility, a
new type of mobility, to collect and analyze the data from vehicles actually drivingon residential roads with passengers on board. Based on the data I collected, Iclarified how the new type of mobility should be used according to regional
characteristics, organized ideas into a paper, and submitted it to academic
societies. This was a very difficult task for me because I had no such opportunity
back at my company. However, I was relieved when I received the incentive award
as a tangible achievement. I also gained the know-how of how to build consensus
with relevant organizations and how to work on social implementation processes
through the valuable experience from the standpoint of a client.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

I was assigned to the research anddevelopment of a system to assist the useof ETC2.0 probe data on residential roads
and the research on methods to detect
traffic problems in winter.
The ETC2.0 probe data is the big data of
traffic that the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism is gathering.
NILIM is at the forefront of the effort to further expand the application of theinformation. The Road Safety Division is working on the use of the ETC2.0 probe datato assist traffic safety measures on residential roads. It was a valuable experience forme to be there during the transitional period when the application was expanding as
the usability of the data was improving. I also gained multifaceted and wide-ranging
knowledge to address the social issue of traffic problems in winter, ranging fromcharacteristics of existing data and on-site needs of road management while I
explored ways to use the ETC2.0 probe data and other types of data.
When I go back to my company, I am going to explore the possibility of utilizing theETC2.0 probe data and many other kinds of data to identify and solve problems
based on my experience at NILIM.

Shintaro Mashiko
Enrollment period: 2022–
Home organization: Dia Nippon Engineering
Consultants Co., Ltd.
Assigned section: Urban Planning Department

Support for accident anddisaster responses

2019

Introduction of research

60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0

Special feature• The NILIM is conducting [the researcher exchange program] to accept experts from outside organizations suchas local governments and private companies as NILIM researchers.
• They can gain knowledge and experience in planning and drafting policies and technical standards related tohousing and social infrastructure development under the guidance of the head of the research office andsenior researchers of the NILIM.

Organization, budget, andemployees

Introduction of researcher exchange program10Organization, budget, andemployees

Research and development that supports the planning,drafting, and spreading of the policy for land,
infrastructure, transport, and tourism
Main research themes of the NILIM in FY 2023

P.12

Development of an experimental site using a digital twin to drastically improve thedisaster prevention capacity in a river basin

P.12

Realization of rapid recovery from disasters through the use of new technologies

Introduction of research

P.12

Protection of lives and livelihoods from large-scale sediment disasters

P.13

Efforts to reinforce sewers against earthquakes

P.13

Efforts to mitigate damage at ports during typhoons

P.13

Efforts to prevent and reduce the damage from earthquakes in existing urban areas
by improving regional disaster preparedness

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Special feature

1. Research to improve national resilience and protect the life・・・ 12 – 14
and livelihood of the people

P.14

Efforts to improve the quality of road management through the use of new technologies

P.14

Efforts to improve efficiency and sophistication of airport pavement inspection operations

P.14

Improvement of the quality of dam maintenance management through AI analysis ofmeasured data

Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

11

2. Research to increase the productivity and growth potentialof society・・・ 15 – 17

P.15

Production of innovation by developing a Data Platform for Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism

P.15

Improvement of productivity and work style reform at construction sites through the use of ICT

P.16

Improvement of the efficiency of maintenance and management of condominiums and otherbuilding stocks using BIM and other data

P.16

Improvement of productivity in the port sector through the use of ICT and BIM for infrastructure

P.16

Efforts to expand the road sections where automated vehicles can fully apply their automateddriving on expressways

P.17

Sophistication and improvement of the efficiency of road traffic data acquisition using AI

P.17

Efforts to plan and propose port policies that reflect future changes in the market

3. Research to support comfortable and secure living

・・・ 18 – 20

P.18

Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the sewerage system

P.18

Study for coastal ecosystem restoration

P.19

Improvement of comfort through proper maintenance and management of roadside plantings

P.19

Tubless bathrooms in residential bathrooms to reduce drowning accidents

P.20

Efforts to improve the energy efficiency of existing building stocks

P.20

Efforts to build a smart city using digital technologies

of an experimental site using a digital twin to drastically improve the1 Development
disaster prevention capacity in a river basin

 It is necessary to communicate risk among various stakeholders and to establish
preparedness for disasters before a disaster occurs in order to promote River Basin
Disaster Resilience and Sustainability by All.
 Risk communication requires visualizing the effectiveness of measures, and theestablishment of the disaster prevention system in advance requires taking
advantage of the forecast information.

Rainfall forecast and climate change forecast data
Actual rainfall

Watershed
management
Geological characteristics
and soilLand use information
River management(River Department)

2 Realization of rapid recovery from disasters through the use of new technologies
We propose a rapid disaster survey system that utilizes remote sensing technology to help assess the damage
caused by earthquakes, torrential rains, and other disasters and to improve the efficiency of road restoration.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

 When roads are cut off or congested during a disaster, it becomes difficult
for road patrol vehicles to quickly assess the damage.
 It is important to share detailed information of disasters such as situationsof slope failures with disaster response headquarters in a remote location
as data for them to make decisions.

 A system to share detailed information such as disaster situations linked
with maps with a disaster response headquarters in a remote location wasdeveloped.

Confirmation of road damage by automatic navigation UAV(Road Structures Department)

3 Protection of lives and livelihoods from large-scale sediment disasters

end

ani

Riv

er

Fault 1
Fault 2
Fault 3
Fault 4

Fault 5

Hyakkendani River

Fault 3

Fault 4Height [m]Slope failure

Groundwater level
three days after thepeak
A type of fault fracture zone that blocks groundwater(Sabo Department)

Introduction to facilities

 Airborne electromagnetic survey technology
using helicopters and drones is combined withelectrical survey and field survey tothree-dimensionally investigate the relationshipbetween the presence of slip surfaces and faults
in slopes and groundwater behavior during
heavy rainfall.
 DSL risk level evaluation method is proposed byclarifying the mechanism of large-scale sediment
movement phenomena caused by DSL etc.

akk

A type of fault fracture zone that induces groundwaterfrom the surrounding area
Peak
Fault 1groundwater
Fault 2level

International expansion/
Public information activities

Studies are conducted to visualize subsurface geology and hydrology with geophysical exploration technologies
and to clarify the mechanisms of large-scale sediment movement phenomena caused by a deep-seated landslide(DSL) etc. These studies contribute to the accurate assessment of the risk level of DSL-prone mountain slopes.

Beneficial use of field data Experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of UAVs with
automatic navigation functions in assessing the damage to actual roads.

Hy

Support for accident anddisaster responses

 The experimental platform that reproduced a watershed was developed incyberspace using open data such as 3D data that has been developed in recent
years; It will start operation in FY 2025.
 Using the experimental platform, this study aims to develop technology to visualize
the effectiveness of flood control measures in the basin and next-generation flood
forecasting technology through the public-private partnership.

Introduction of research

3D topography data Technology is needed to identify in advance theareas at risk of large-scale sediment movement
phenomena caused by DSL.

Special feature

Developing Digital Testbed, the experimental platform that reproduces river basins in cyberspace, contributes tothe acceleration of technology developments for visualizing the effectiveness of flood control measures andnext-generation flood forecasting through the public-private partnership.

Organization, budget, andemployees

1. Research to improve national resilience and protect the life andlivelihood of the people

12Organization, budget, andemployees

4Efforts to reinforce sewers against earthquakes

Earthquake damage to sewers is estimated by identifying sewer attribute conditions with high risks of damage inorder to support local governments in preparing effective earthquake resilience plans for sewers.

Special feature The priority of earthquake resilience for sewers should be determined based oncomprehensive reviewing of their importance, impact of secondary disasters,
vulnerability to damage, and earthquake resistant performance.
 How to regard the importance of sewers and the risks when damaged have beenorganized, yet there is a lack of information on vulnerable sewer attribute conditions(pipe types, microtopography classification, etc.). This may hinder local governmentsfrom appropriately preparing earthquake resilience plans for sewers.

Introduction of research Technical documents on the sewer damage ratio by sewer attribute conditions areprovided.
 Local governments prepare effective earthquake resilience plans for sewers using
the technical documents.

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Container drifting experiments in a wind wave channel is resulting in efficient and effective pre-drift
countermeasures against expected storm surges, high waves, and strong winds. This research helps to reduce port
damage during typhoons.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

13

5

Manhole floating from liquefaction(Water Quality Control Department)

Efforts to mitigate damage at ports during typhoons

 Many containers were washed away and drifted
during Typhoon Melor in 2009 and Typhoon Jebi in
2018.
 It is important to implement measures against
drifting containers in advance in preparation for
typhoons etc.
 Experiments are conducted to study the impact
acting on drift fences, the trapping capabilities of thedrift fences, and the required crown height of thefence using container models.
 Appropriate drift fence design method for expected
wind speed, wave height, and tide level is proposed.

Experiment on impact acting
on the posts of drift fences

Wave, current,
and wind direction

Experiment on thetrapping capabilities
of drift fences
Wave, current,
and wind direction

Post

Drift fence(Port, Coastal, and Marine Department)

6

Efforts to prevent and reduce the damage from earthquakes in existing urban areas
by improving regional disaster preparedness

To improve regional disaster preparedness and evaluate the disaster management performance of urban areas,
methodologies are developed to ensure the safety of existing urban areas, including densely built urban areas, on
the basis of emerging technologies.
 In order to enhance regional disaster preparedness, it is necessary to elaborate soft measures by precisely gathering and sharing disaster
information.
 The current approach to evaluate disaster prevention performance in densely built urban areas only considers the effects of hard measures
such as improvement of roads and open spaces.
 They do not consider the effects of soft measures such as initial firefighting activities by local residents.

 Methods to verify and evaluate effectiveness of new soft
measures are developed. The soft measures include
interconnected fire alarm systems, AI cameras that detect
the occurrences of fires and building collapses, andICT-based disaster management tools.
 A method to evaluate the integrated disaster management
performance of urban areas that can reflect the effects ofboth soft and hard measures is developed.

〇 Fire hydrant

protection■ Firewater tankFirefighting
equipment
storehouse

Detection of fires and other types ofdisasters using AI cameras

The range of effective initial firefighting is visualized
to evaluate regional disaster preparedness.

(Urban Planning Department, Building Department)

Efforts to improve the quality of road management through the use of new technologies

The quality of road management will be improved through more effective repairs using new technologies,
including AI.

Image
recognition
AI
Photographs of the deformity
to be checked

SearchInspection
database

Accumulation
Inspection ofstate-controlled bridges

Images of extracted similar damages
It is possible to use the progress ofdamages in similar cases and the progress
after implementing measures
as a reference in designing repair plans.

(Road Structures Department)

Efforts to improve efficiency and sophistication of airport pavement inspection operations

The functions of the airport pavement patrol and inspection system, which has been developed and operated to
improve the efficiency and sophistication of airport pavement inspection work, are improved. The improved
functions will contribute to the improved efficiency of maintenance and management work.
<Device used for the patrol andinspection system>
Coordinate
acquisition

9

Data viewing

Inspection
registration
Image
capturing(Airport Department)

Improvement of the quality of dam maintenance management through AI analysis ofmeasured data

 In the maintenance and management of dams, early identification of abnormalities is required based on various measurement dataobtained from inspections. However, such process requires judgment based on experience, and there will be a shortage of skilled
personnel in the future.
 A tool was thus developed to use AI to analyze changes in the long-term behavior of dams and effects of earthquakes to detect possible
abnormalities
Various measurement data

Leakage volume(1) Acquisition of measurement data to be analyzed(3) Setting up parameters for analysis(4) Setting up threshold values for judging the presenceof abnormality

Triangular notch weir

Uplift pressure

Used to support dam
administrators makedecisions.

Input using Excel

Run (operation by a tool user)(2) Pre-processing of data
(5) Learning and analysis

Program to control
the library
Control(automatic)

Plumb line

(6) Verification(7) Display, output, and storage of the judgment result of the presenceof abnormality• Graphs of the results of judging the presence of abnormality• Output of CSV and other files including results of judging the presence of
Re-set parameters as needed abnormality

Output(automatic)
AI-related and other libraries

Introduction to facilities

Concrete gravity dam

Deformation (displacement)

A judgment support tool for dam safety management using AI

International expansion/
Public information activities

AI is used to analyze various measurement data acquired for safety management at dams. The system uses theanalyses to support inspections conducted by on-site personnel and contributes to improving the quality of dam
maintenance and management.

Beneficial use of field data The system is newly equipped with a function to view periodic inspection
information (PRI information) and a function to register repair information,in addition to the conventional inspection registration function and thefunction to determine the necessity of repairs for each type of abnormality.
 The system is also newly equipped with a function to report an accident anddisaster that enables quick and easy reporting of runway failures etc., as well
as sharing and viewing of accident and disaster information.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

 Preventive maintenance and management are necessary to ensure thesafety and punctuality of aircraft operations.
 Prompt reporting of runway failures, accidents, and disasters is required

Support for accident anddisaster responses

8

Output similar images
from the DB

Introduction of research Research conducted jointly with the Development Bureau
revealed that searching and tracking similar damages andrepairs can help administrators make decisions in repair
planning.
 It also found that image recognition AI and other technologies
can be used to search cases from a large amount of past
inspection data.
 Studies will be continued to explore the use of new technologies
and procurement processes for better road management.

Input

Special feature Processes and causes of bridge deterioration and damage varydepending on their specifications and the environment in which
the bridge is located, and the effectiveness of countermeasures
also varies.
 In repair planning, it is effective to know various examples ofdamages and countermeasures. Up until know, the common
practice has been to collect information from limited sources
such as a compiled record of damages.

Organization, budget, andemployees

7

Example of outputting the results of judging the presence of abnormality as graphs (leakage volume)

Bourdon tube pressure gauge(River Department)

14

Organization, budget, andemployees

2. Research to increase the productivity and growth potential of society
１

Production of innovation by developing a Data Platform for Land, Infrastructure, Transport
and Tourism

Special feature

A platform was built to enable the linkage of the various data held by the government and private sectors. This willcontribute to the efficiency of operations, the sophistication of the MLIT policies, and the creation of innovations
through industry-academia-government collaboration.

Introduction of research In order to promote the utilization of data by the government and private sectors, it is necessary to establish a platform to realize a digitaltwin that reproduces physical (real) events in cyberspace by linking data held by the MLIT with data from the private sector and others.
 There is a need to promote technological development and R&D to link and utilize the various data held by the government and private
sectors. This is to use the infrastructure data to improve productivity in the field of construction and non-construction fields such as disastermanagement and logistics.
 We have built a Data Platform for Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism with functions for searching, displaying, and downloading data
across the board by linking APIs with the various databases owned by the government and private sectors.
 In FY 2022, we conducted research and development of technology to automatically create 3D models from 2D drawings of existing
structures and technology to automatically create metadata for efficient retrieval of electronic deliverables etc.
Data Platform for Land, Infrastructure,
Transport and Tourism

Support for accident anddisaster responses
Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

15

Bridgehttps://www.mlit-data.jp

SearchSuperimposed display
Displayof
a 3D city model and
API linkage with various databases enables
Download flood inundation forecast data
search and display of the data on 3D maps.

TunnelDisplay of a 3D model automaticallycreated from 2D drawings(Research Center for Infrastructure Management)

2

Improvement of productivity and work style reform at construction sites
through the use of ICTThis study is contributing to the improvement of productivity and work-style reform in the construction industry by
establishing rules for the use of ICT-based construction and measurement technologies in the management ofas-built shapes* in public works.

*A practice to confirm whether the height, length, width, slope, flatness, and other shapes of constructed civil structures meet specified values.

 With regard to ICT construction, which is the main initiative of the i-Construction project that started in FY 2016, the applicable construction
types and technologies are gradually being expanded based on the progress of technological development in the private sector.
 While taking into account proposals from private sector organizations, we are continuing to improve the standards so that they can beproperly applied to the as-built shape management of public works.
 In FY 2022, we prepared drafts of various standards that work with new measurement technologies (three work types and six technologies),
including the as-built management of civil engineering work using a laser scanner (backpack-type LS) that can perform high-precision point
cloud measurement while wearing the device on the back and walking, and a measurement technology that can improve productivity byeliminating the stand-by time in operations.

As-built shape measurement of civil engineering structures using a backpack laser scanner
The measured point cloud coordinates are computed to evaluate the as-built shapeby comparing them with design values.

Laser scannerwith built-in
IMU
GNSS antenna

Measured point cloud data

Results of the as-built shape evaluation (heat map)

(Research Center for Infrastructure Management)Improvement of the efficiency of maintenance and management of condominiums and otherbuilding stocks using BIM and other data

Link and record absolutecoordinates (XYZ) andinspection data on site

Maintenance andmanagement BIM model

Improvement of theefficiency ofinspections using
tablets (linking
absolute location
information from GIS
with building
information, history
information, andother data in real time
on-site)Managed using a database (Excel)

4

Use of past inspection data
Setting inspection routes

Database (Excel)

Space structure drawing

Maintenance and management information

Improvement of the efficiency of inspections using
tablets (linking absolute location information from
GIS with building information, history information,and other data in real time on site)

BIM allows 3D
visualization of data,
drawing creation,
maintenance, andmanagement data
analysis etc.

Inspected
Abnormality foundRepaired(Housing Department)

Improvement of productivity in the port sector through the use of ICT and BIM
for infrastructure

Methods and standards are developed and organized to facilitate the use of ICT and BIM for infrastructure in themaintenance of port facilities. This contributes to increased efficiency and safety in design and construction sites.

 Field tests were conducted on the workmanship measurement offoundation works using ICT such as multibeam echosounders. The
measurement accuracy and the workmanship management
standards were then verified. At the same time, a method toefficiently remove the noise from the multibeam echosounder datausing AI technologies was developed.

 Twenty-one cases were extracted from operations andconstruction projects using BIM for infrastructure that had
already been implemented. They were organized andanalyzed by main purpose of using the BIM for infrastructure.
Findings were published as BIM/CIM Case Studies ver. 1: Portsand Harbors in November 2021.

Noise data

Before noise
removalMeasurement of the workmanship of foundation work using a multibeam echosounder andthe improvement of the efficiency of multibeam echosounder noise removal using AI technology

BIM/CIM Case Studies ver. 1: Ports and Harbors(Improvement of Quality by Checking Interference with Reinforcing Bars)(Support Center for Port and Harbor Advanced Information Technology)

5Efforts to expand road sections where automated driving vehicles can fully utilize theirautomated driving functions through road support

 An on-board sensor in automated driving vehicles cannot detect faint lane markings, and lane keeping assist system (LKAS) does not work.
 On a test track, a relationship between a faint level of lane markings and an operational status of lane keeping assist system (LKAS) is
analyzed.
 A draft index to examine maintenance and management of lane markings will be created from the perspective of operating lane keeping
assist system (LKAS) properly.
Image of lane markings detection

Lane keeping assist system (LKAS): A system in which an on-board sensor detects lane markings and controls
a steering wheel to keep a vehicle in the center of a lane automatically.

(Road Traffic Department)

Introduction to facilities

Faint lane markings are installed on a test track
to investigate an operation of lane keeping
assist system (LKAS).

International expansion/
Public information activities

Creating a draft indicator to examine maintenance and management of lane markings for automated driving on
expressways will promote an expansion of automated driving.

Beneficial use of field data

Multibeam echosounding

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

 In promoting the use of BIM for infrastructure, there is a lackof sharing of information on the problems faced when using
BIM for infrastructure, know-how on how to solve these
problems, and the benefits of using BIM for infrastructure in
the design and construction fields.

Support for accident anddisaster responses

 Measurement of workmanship of foundation work (rubble leveling) iseasily affected by marine conditions because divers manually
measure the workmanship in the sea. There is also room for
improvement in productivity and safety. On the other hand,
multibeam echosounders take time to remove noise.

Introduction of research A simple maintenance and management BIM for
condominiums and other housing stocks is developed
to create a method to improve the efficiency ofmaintenance and management through thedigitalization of information, including construction
drawings and inspection and repair history and theintegrated management of maintenance andmanagement data linked with BIM.

Special feature

An integrated management method for the maintenance and management BIM for condominiums and other building stocks andmaintenance and management data such as inspection and repair data, is developed to improve the efficiency of housing stock
maintenance and management.
 DX needs to be accelerated in all stages of the housing
Inspection history
Inspection + repair history
process from design and construction of housing to
the maintenance and management to perform
housing production and management processes
using IT and improve the productivity by using BIM.

Organization, budget, andemployees

316Organization, budget, andemployees

6

Sophistication and improvement of the efficiency of road traffic data acquisition using AI

The AI-based traffic observation method is developed to expand sections where continuous traffic data is observed
and to enable efficient data acquisition.

Special feature Detailed analysis using big data will be increased to assist traffic congestion and accident reduction measures and to promote theefficient use of road spaces.
 To do so, ICT-based road traffic data observation sections and survey targets such as vehicles, pedestrians, and bicycles, need to be
expanded.
 AI is introduced to analyze images captured by already installed CCTV (*) to realize a low-cost continuous traffic volume observation
system.
 Expansion of survey targets such as vehicles, pedestrians, and bicycles, as well as survey items such as traffic volume, speed, andmovement tracking is being considered.
< Flow of CCTV AI observation >CCTV

AI server
Detection ofmoving object

Additional learning ofpedestrians, bicycles, etc.

Expansion ofobservation targets

Image
observation

Introduction of research
Support for accident anddisaster responses
Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

17(when necessary)
additional learning

Pre-learning throughdeep learning

AI server
Detection ofvehicleClassification of vehicles and pedestrians→ Quantitative measurement

Vehicle type classification→ Volume observation*Abbreviation for Closed Circuit TeleVision7

Detection ofpedestrian(Road Traffic Department)

Efforts to plan and propose port policies that reflect future changes in the market

We developed future cargo volume forecasts that accurately reflect changes in the global economic and social
conditions and the container transport market. This will support the planning and formulation of national port
policies and the revision of port plans by port management bodies.
 Accurate estimation of future port cargo volumes is necessary for planning and formulating port policies and revising port plans.
 It is now difficult to foresee the future because of the impact of the spread of COVID-19, the movement toward a zero-emission society,the progress of the mega-EPA and the rise of protectionism, the supply chain crisis due to tight international container transportcapacity, and other factors.
 The forecasting model for Japan’s overall foreign trade port cargo volume and the port and route choice model for foreign tradecontainer cargo are continuously improved to calculate future forecasts.
 Quantitative evaluation is conducted on the impact of recent rapid changes that existing models cannot take into account such aschanges caused by COVID-19 and the movement toward a zero-emission society. The evaluation is used to develop a method thatreflects these changes in future forecasts.
<Forecasting model for foreign trade port cargo volume>
INPUT
• GDP
• Population• Tariff• Exchange
rate• Transportation
costs etc.

CGE model
t+1 period Investment
t period
Area CArea A
Consumption

HouseholdPrivateOUTPUT• Trade value• CargovolumeSavings

IncomeBank

Road
DirectHouseholdPrivateGovernment

ImportJapaneseport A

Area B

Consumption

Producer<Port and route choice model for foreign trade container cargo>

Investment

Service
Transportation

Government

Producer
ExportRailroad
Production
area

Overseas
destination
port

Domestic shipping
FeederJapaneseport B

Overseas T/S Port

(Port, Coastal, and Marine Department)Organization, budget, andemployees

3. Research to support comfortable and secure living
1

Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the sewerage system

 In conventional sewage treatment, solids are collected in the primary sedimentation tank and then aerated in a reaction tank todecompose dissolved components. (Power consumption is an issue.) Biogas is generated from solids (sludge) in the digestion process and used as fuel.

Aeration decomposition
by consuming electricity

An example of a conventional sewage treatment system

From gritchamber

Treated water

To concentration

Primary
sedimentation tank

Final sedimentation tank
Reaction tankPrimary sludge

Return sludge

A proposal for a new sewage treatment systemthickening tankPrimary
sedimentation tank

Treated water
Reactiontank
Reaction tankConcentrated sludge

Reduced power
for aeration

Highly efficient energy recovery technology

Final sedimentation tank
Return sludge

Excess sludge

P(Water Quality Control Department)

Study for coastal ecosystem restoration

This study aims to make new connectivity in habitat networks of coastal organisms by creating habitats in shallow
water areas using dredged soil from harbor and port development. The development of technologies that properly
understand the network structure will contribute to the natural restoration of the marine environments with richbiodiversity.

Kamoi

Ena Bay

Marine Park

Banzu

Shintomi

NarawaImazu

NagauraGenetic relatedness
0.05
0.2
0.025
0.1

Kuranami

Ena Bay

Betweenness centrality (importance as a bridge between two habitats)
12
8
4
0

Yatsu, Tamasaki, and Narawa are considered as relatively important
habitats in terms of linkage in habitat networks.

(Port, Coastal, and Marine Department)

Introduction to facilities

Kamoi

Tamasaki

Shintomi

Oyumi River

Marine Park

Network strength (the strength of connections to other habitats)

30
20
10
0

Yatsu

Imazu
Nagaura Kuranami River
NarawaBanzu

Sakai River

Oyumi River

TamasakiGyotoku

Gyotoku
Sakai River

Degree of centrality (number of links to other habitats)

25
20
15
10
5
0

Edo River

Yatsu

Number of
Genetic relatedness networks (n)Edo River Development of a DNA analysis method
for understanding the spatial scale ofhabitat networks
 Development of a method forparent-child identification to estimate
connectivity between habitats and thestrength.

Calculation of network indicators

Estimated habitat networks of the mud snailin Tokyo Bay and adjacent waters

International expansion/
Public information activities

 Understanding the network structure is
helpful to consider habitat design.

Beneficial use of field data2

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

From gritchamber Sludge

Excess sludge

P

Utilized as energy
without performing aeration decomposition

Dissolved components are also
recovered and digested.

To digestion

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Increased power
for aeration

Only sinking components
are separated.

Introduction of research Under the Breakthrough by Dynamic Approach in Sewage High Technology Project (the B-DASH Project), the technology to recoverdissolved components in the primary sedimentation tank is developed.
 Electricity used for aeration of the reaction tank can be reduced. Also, biogas generation increases because of an increase in the amountof sludge collected in the primary sedimentation tank.

Special feature

The development of energy recovery technology using the primary sedimentation tank will increase the amount of
biogas generated and reduce the amount of electricity consumed by the reaction tank. This thereby contributes tothe reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the sewage system.

18

Organization, budget, andemployees

3

Special feature

By presenting on-site application methods for preventing infrastructure damage by street tree roots and weed
control of street trees, beautiful plantings are maintained without interfering with road traffic and contribute to theimprovement of comfort in the road space and roadside environment.
 In areas with planting along roads, traffic obstruction due to infrastructure damage by street tree roots, obstruction of visibility due tothe overgrowth of weeds, and deterioration of the landscape occur.
 High-quality greening that can comprehensively demonstrate greening functions while maintaining road traffic functions is necessary.
 The effectiveness of each measure is verified through test constructions and case studies.
 Methods and points to note for on-site application are organized and reflected in the maintenance and management guidelines for roadgreening.
Infrastructuredamage bystreet tree roots

Introduction of research
Support for accident anddisaster responses
Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

19

Improvement of comfort through proper maintenance and management ofroadside plantings

Weed growth(1) Cutting the root system(2) Placing root growth
prevention sheets(3) Expansion of planting area

(4) Updating

Prevention of infrastructure damage by street tree roots(1) Weed growth prevention
sheet(3) Ground cover plants(2) Mulching with recycledmaterials (waste roof tiles)(4) Allelopathic plants

Weed control methods(Research Center for Infrastructure Management)

4

Tubless bathrooms in residential bathrooms to reduce drowning accidents

Through the development of barrier-free standards for tubless bathrooms, we will contribute to the reduction ofdrowning accidents among the elderly at home and the reduction in the caregivers’ burden.
 The number of accidents involving the drowning of elderly people while bathing at home is increasing, and there is an urgent need forsuch measures as tubless bathrooms.
 There are no technical standards for functions and performance required for tubless bathrooms, bathroom size, handrail position, etc.
 Using a full-scale test model, basic data such as bathroom types and bathing behavior based on user characteristics, are gathered andverified.
 A draft barrier-free standard for tubless bathrooms is developed, covering safety and the autonomy of users and ease of assistance.
(3) Step at theentrance☆◎ cm or lessShape of thestep: □＃☆

Tubless bathroom(1) Size (required area): ☆◎m2 or more
(4) Handrail

Shape: □#☆
Height: approximately ◎○ to △△ cm(5) Equipment layout: □＃☆
(2) Length of the shortest section
inside the bathroom:
approximately ◎○ to △△ cm

Example of possible standards for the tubless bathroom

Image of verification experiment of handrail positions
and shapes(Housing Department)

Efforts to improve the energy efficiency of existing building stocks

This study contributes to the realization of a carbon neutral society by accelerating the improvement of the energy
efficiency of existing building stocks through the development of technologies related to the renovation of existing
condominiums and office buildings to improve energy efficiency.
 Many existing condominiums have poor thermal
insulation performance and need renovation to
improve their energy efficiencies.

Direct cost of renovation[Expenditures]

Renovation menu

×
Quantitative evaluationof costs and effects

Cumulative costDirecteffectofrenovation

It is more beneficial to perform renovation on items ofenergy efficiency improvement as well.
Reduction of repair
and other costs
through renovation

Consensus levelof the management
association

Present

12 years

24 years

Assumed usage period

 Facilities at office buildings often tend to be replaced without givingmuch thought.
 Energy-saving renovation design based on on-site survey can drastically
improve energy efficiency, but its method has not been established.

[year]

Current repair work

Air conditioner

5% energysavingEquipment
replacement

Made in 2020

Made in 2000
Diagnosis ofcurrent condition

Renovation to improve energy efficiency
based on the current condition diagnosis

Renovation
designWindowrenovation

Downsizing

20% to 40%
energy saving

Comparison between the current renovation and renovation
to improve energy efficiency(Housing Department)

Initiatives to make cities smarter with digital technology

In urban planning, technologies for effectively using traffic and human mobility big data and 3D city models aredeveloped to contribute to the development of smart cities.
GPS data(to track migration status)

Mobile phone base station data
(to track inter-regional movement)

On the ground Technology for effectively using big data (GPS and datafrom mobile base station etc.) that support person trip
surveys is developed.
 A method that uses human mobility big data to evaluate
the impact of the installation of a building with restricted
uses is developed.

Laser counter(to track cross-sectionaltraffic volume)IN

Underground
OUT●Pedestrian●Cars etc.

Wi-Fi packet sensor(to track migration status)

An example of ways to visit a
convenience store (GPS data) Promotion of the development of 3D city models asbasic data for smart cities is necessary.
 Challenges include the reduction of creation andupdate costs and development of diverse use cases.

[Reduction of creation andupdate costs]
Use of 3D point cloud
survey data etc.

[3D city model extension]
Creation of detailed
specifications for buildings,
trees, etc.

[Development of use cases]
Evaluation of the effects ofroadside trees on windpaths is studied.

(Urban Planning Department)

Introduction to facilities

 A low-cost creation and updating method that uses
existing data is developed.
 Use cases for running advanced simulation of urban
environment, disaster prevention, etc. are developedby extending common specifications.

International expansion/
Public information activities[Continuous tracking of human movement]
Integration of data with different spatial scales

Beneficial use of field data The use of digital technologies such as big data is effective
for local governments to create urban planning and solve
urban problems.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

6

Support for accident anddisaster responses(1) Development of a method to design renovation based on the diagnosis
of current conditions(2) Development of a simple method for predicting the cost-effectivenessof the renovation(3) Verification of the effectiveness of the developed method by applying
it to actual buildings

Indirecteffectofrenovation

Introduction of research(1) Selection of renovation menu based on
condominium type(2) Development of a method for estimating the costand effectiveness of renovation for energy efficiency
improvement(3) Development of a method for quantifying costeffectivenessIndirectcost ofrenovation

Special feature

Regular large-scale repair(without renovation to improve energy efficiency)
Example of renovation that includes energy
renovation to improve energy efficiency

Organization, budget, andemployees

520Organization, budget, andemployees

Advanced technical support and countermeasures for Study on ways to estimate a location of landslide based on satellite SAR images
Satellite SAR images, which can be captured even at night and in bad weather, are used to quickly identify areas
where landslides have occurred.

Special feature The observation range of Daichi-4 (ALOS-4) satellite is expanded compared to that of the SAR satellite Daichi-2 (ALOS-2) that is currently
in use.
 Since this increases the amount of data to be processed, the efficiency of the process of interpreting SAR images, for example, needs to
be increased.

Introduction of research The reliability of estimating the location of a landslide was compared among multiple methods that excel in processing SAR data of wide
area observations and methods that use visual interpretation.

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Visual interpretation

Intensity difference analysis

Orthophoto

Example of estimation results for each method (Torrential rain in July 2018 in Higashihiroshima City)

Support for fieldtechnology improvement Spectrum analysis information
Studies on spectrum analysis information in the event of a large-scale disaster, effective use of existing facilities
such as satellites and preventive measures against strong winds will contribute to the advancement of disaster
response technologies.

Beneficial use of field data The scale and extent of structural damage can be estimated immediately after the onset of an earthquake by comparing the acceleration
response spectrum of the earthquake and the damage line created on the basis of past earthquakes.
 This can be used during the initial disaster response phase.
 In the earthquake that occurred in the Noto region of Ishikawa Prefecture on June 19, 2022, the spectrum analysis information on the
figure below was automatically distributed eight minutes after the onset of the earthquake.
Around 15:08, June 19, 2022
Earthquake with epicenter in Noto region, Ishikawa Prefecture Depth of the epicenter: approximately 10 km

M5.2

Introduction to facilities

6-

4

5+

Real-time dataof JapanMeteorological
AgencyDamage line

[Observation points that exceeded the damage line]

6- Shoin (NIED)[Observation points that did not exceed the damage line]

5- Ohtani (NIED)
4 Misakimachi, Suzu City (JMA)
4 Ushitsu, Noto Town (JMA)
4 Fugeshimachi, Wajima City (JMA)
4 Anamizu (NIED)
4 Noto (NIED)
3 Wajima (NIED)
3 Naoetsu (NIED)
3 Himi (NIED)

Maximum response acceleration (m/s2)

International expansion/
Public information activities

Maximumseismic
intensity

Damage to structures is expected.

Damage line: An approximate line
above which structural damage islikely. In past earthquakes,
damage has been limited below
this line.
Estimated natural period

Bridges in general

Long span bridge (span length > 200 m)

Frequency band in which damage tohousing is large

Natural period (s)Figure 1 Comparison with the damage line (top ten locations)(Note) A follow-up report will be redistributed if the top ten locations change in the future due to additional
or updated data.
Source: National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) (transmitted at 15:10, June 19, 2022)
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) (transmitted at 15:12, June 19, 2022)

21
03

Coherence analysis

5-

6-

6+

7

Observation points that exceeded the damage line in the entire area with the period of 0.9 to 2 seconds
Observation points that exceeded the damage line
Observation points that did not exceed the damage line

Figure 2 Epicenter and seismic intensity distribution and earthquake observation points

Technical basis for
estimating the scaleof damage is postedon the website(NILIM reference
No. 1204).

 Study to promote retrofitting of strong roofs against high winds

 Recent typhoons scattered roofing materials and blown wind and rain indoors, making it
difficult to continue living in the residence or operating a business.
 An analysis of damage caused by Typhoon Faxai in 2019 revealed that roofs built using
older construction methods tended to suffer greater damage.

Example of damage to tile roofs
caused by a typhoon(Typhoon Faxai in 2019)Year of construction, construction method,
condition of the location

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Identificationof high winddamage risk

Simplified methodby resident oradministrator
Detailed method
Secondary diagnosis by architecturalexperts
Primary diagnosis

Reinforcing
roofing materials?

Unnecessary

Wind pressure resistance test of metal roofing

Loading test on joints of folded plate roofs

Example of a test conducted in FY 2021 on the overlay method for a metal roofing Development of an information sharing tool for safe and effective flood fighting

 Flood-fighting control activities are labor intensive because of the diverse items to address.
 It takes time to report situations from areas covered by the flood-fighting activities and communicate responses and instructions back to
the area.
 Information required to identify situations and make decisions on responses is scattered.
Watch and operatewith a Web browser.

River level
and rainfall Efficient integration, communication, andsharing of information improve regionalsafety.

Sluice gates and pipes, flood weak points,
flood-fighting equipment storage, flood-fighting
brigade assignment area, inundation area in thepast, flood hazard map, HM, etc.

 A variety of information such as photos of affected areas, water levels andrainfall, sluice gates and pipes, and inundation areas in the past is randomly
selected and superimposed on a map.
 Can be watched and shared anytime and anywhere instantly with a Web
browser and shared instantly.

Introduction to facilities

Static information:

 Quick and easy uploading of photos of areas
covered by flood-fighting activities and location
information using a smartphone or tablet (onlytakes about a minute)!

International expansion/
Public information activities

XRAIN

Situation at
affected areas(social media, etc.)

Beneficial use of field data

Focusing on the flood-fighting activities of the flood-fighting brigade composed of local residents, local
governments, and fire departments, this system makes it possible to quickly check and share necessary informationfor efficient and effective flood-fighting activities.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

Necessary

Image of wind resistant diagnostic method
for existing roofing materials

Introduction of research We developed a wind resistant diagnostic method that identifies vulnerable roofing
materials by using factors that affect the risk of high wind damage to roofing materials as
an indicator.
 The wind resistant performance level is clarified for repair methods of various roofing
materials. In addition, evaluation methods for wind resistant reinforcement methods areproposed mainly using strength tests.

Special feature

We will develop methods for evaluating wind resistant diagnostics and wind resistant reinforcement methods forexisting roofing materials to promote repairs. This will contribute to improving the wind resistant performance ofthe existing building stocks and to ensuring occupancy and business continuity in the event of high winds.

Organization, budget, andemployees

accident and disaster response

22Organization, budget, andemployees

Competence in new technologies of in-house engineers on the frontline.
Hosting of personnel Accepting people from local governments and private businesses

Special feature

The NILIM is accepting people from local governments and private businesses as exchange researchers and supportingthem in improving their technical skills through technical guidance and workshops. (Number of exchange researchers
accepted: 54 as of April 2023)

 Accepting officials from Regional Development Bureaus
We accept officials from Regional Development Bureaus who have realized field issues through their work as researchers
or staff holding two posts for a certain period to help improve their skills. The officials who have acquired technical skills
would return to their Regional Development Bureaus and actively work as core technicians in their respective regions.

Introduction of researchCompleting and strengthening training
NILIM holds training sessions and lecture courses and sends out lecturers in order tospread and establish its technical policy and improve the technological level of society
as a whole.
(Dispatch of lecturers in FY 2022: 243 cases as of the end of March 2022)(Number of training courses in FY 2022: 35 courses with 1,494 participants [Yokosuka
Office No. 2])

On-site training(face-to-face)

Support for accident anddisaster responses

New port engineer course

Support for local issues
NILIM works with local offices and other local agencies to resolve issues that arise in the field.
NILIM dispatches personnel to the Sediment Disaster Prevention Technology Center of the Kinki Regional Development
Bureau to perform research and technical development concerning large-scale sediment disasters.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

Technology consultation
NILIM constantly provides national government agencies, local governments, and other organizations with technicalsupport of various kinds for policy implementation and project execution. For example, the Coast Division looks after atechnical support counter for storm surge flooding simulations necessary for the preparation of maps, which show areas
likely to be affected by storm surge flooding as created by prefectural governors based on the Flood Control Act.

 Technical Consultation Office

Beneficial use of field data

NILIM Technical Consultation Office was established in December 2014. Covering all fields over which NILIM is in charge,
this one-stop service provides consultations regarding all fields and facilities.
Earthquakes

International expansion/
Public information activities

RiversRoad Structures Department
Head of the Earthquake Disaster
Management Division
Nakao Yoshihiro

River Department
Head of the River Division
Sezaki Tomoyuki

Tunnels
Bridges

Road Structures Department
Head of the Foundation, Tunnel,
and Substructures Division
Nishida HideakiRoad Structures

Road Structures Department
Research Coordinatorfor Road Structures Recovery
Tamakoshi Takashi

Sabo

Disastercountermeasures

Introduction to facilities

River Department
Head of the Flood Disaster
Prevention Division
Takeuchi Yoshinori

River Department
Head of the Coast Division
Kato Fuminori

Bridges

Sewerage

Road Structures Department
Head of the Bridge andStructures Division
Shirato Masahiro

Water Quality Control Department
Head of the Wastewater
System Division
Yoshida Toshiaki

Road Earthworks
Pavements etc.

Coast

23
03

Lecture (online)

Sabo Department
Head of the Sabo
Risk-Management Division
Shigetaka Takiguchi

 Contact (E-mail: nil-soudanmadoguchi-gijyutu@gxb.mlit.go.jp)
Manager of the Planning Division,
Rural Area Policy Planning Department (Tel: 029-864-4343)

Road Structures Department
Head of the Pavement andEarthworks Division
Watanabe Kazuhiro

Dams

River Department
Head of the Large-Scale
Hydraulic Structure Division
Sakurai Toshiyuki

 Website URL
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bbg/tec-soudan

RiversRiver Department
Research Coordinatorfor River Structures
Kondo Masafumi

In addition to our initiative to promote infrastructure DX, the NILIM is reorganizing data related to housing andsocial capital collected for administrative purposes and using them for research and to support field operations.

Results of the period inspection of road runnels, sheds, large
culverts, and other structures are organized and analyzed to find thetendency of deformation depending on construction methods and yearof completion. The findings are published in the NILIM Reference No.
1145 and 1175 on the NILIM webpage.
Case studies of deformations in road tunnels and specific roadearthwork structures are compiled and published in the NILIM Reference
No. 1206 and 1234 on the NILIM webpage. These are used as references
when performing inspections and soundness diagnosis.

The database of sewers deterioration, which collects the results ofinspections by local governments and organizes information such asdeterioration assessment results, is made available to the public. The
database covers approximately 310,000 spans from 60 local
governments as of May 2021.

← Case study oftunneldeterioration

Sewerage ledgers of local governments

Data required for soundness ratio projection

The database of sewers
deterioration can complete thenecessary data!

Pipe type
Deterioration assessment results(through closed-circuit televisioninspections)
Pipe diameter
Types of sewer systems etc.

: Required data

Soundness ratio
prediction formulaSoundness ratio

The tunnel deterioration diagnosed
to be soundness III consists of many
instances of material deterioration
and water leakage.

Elapsed years

Image of the database of sewers deterioration

Support for planning of energy conservation
measures for office buildings etc.

Support for port policies through the analysis
of maritime big data

Information related to applications for energy conservation
standards based on the Act on the Rational Use of Energy (15,000
cases/year).
Energy conservation performance and design specifications (heatinsulation performance, efficiency of air-conditioning equipment, etc.)
were organized for office buildings etc. and posted on the website as the
NILIM Reference Data No. 1229.
The study also contributes to the promotion of the government’s
energy-saving measures established in response to the 2050 Declaration
on Carbon Neutrality.

Maritime big data such as global ship dimension data (Lloyd’s data),
ship location data (land-based and satellite-based AIS data), and cargoflow data (PIERS data) are analyzed, and the results are published asneeded.

Number of cases

Total

Total

Kept becoming larger

Start of containertransportation (1970s)

The average BEIm inwarm regions is 0.75.

Energy conservation performance evaluation index BEIm
Examples of published data
Distribution of energy conservation performance
evaluation index (warm regions)Year of build

Example of maritime data analysis (trend toward larger container vessels)

Introduction to facilities

If the energy
efficiency
conservation
evaluation index,
BEIm, is less than 1.0,
the building is judged
to comply with theenergy conservation
standard.

International expansion/
Public information activities

Number of cases = 6925, mean = 0.75, median = 0.77, standard deviation = 0.18

Emergence of 24,000
TEU class vessels (2019–)
Each point indicates existing
container vessels, and the year ofbuild (y-axis) and container
capacity (x-axis) are also shown foreach.
(including some vessels to be built)

Beneficial use of field data

Ratio of soundness diagnosis classification by deterioration types(road tunnels managed by the national government)

Support for fieldtechnology improvement: As necessary

Support for accident anddisaster responses

Elapsed years

Introduction of research

Support for promoting physical asset
management of sewerage

Special feature

Support for the maintenance ofroad structures

Organization, budget, andemployees

Collection, analysis, and management of data forming
the technical basis of policy formation and return to society

24Organization, budget, andemployees
Special feature
Introduction of research
Support for accident anddisaster responses
Support for fieldtechnology improvement
Beneficial use of field data
International expansion/
Public information activities
Introduction to facilities

25

International research activities
NILIM is promoting international research activities based on the perspectives of its technicalcontribution to domestic policy, technical cooperation with developing countries, and overseas
deployment of infrastructure systems.

Technical cooperation on maintenance,
management, and other operations ofroad bridges
 A meeting with the Directorate for Roads of Vietnam(DRVN) was held in accordance with the memorandum ofcooperation to strengthen scientific and technicalcooperation of the two parties on the design, construction,
maintenance, and management of road bridges.
 Knowledge gained through discussions and exchanges of
opinions will surely be useful for policy on road bridge
maintenance and management in Japan and for research at
NILIM.

International meeting with the Directorate for Roads of Vietnam

Conference for the interaction of urban
studies researchers Joint research meetings and joint inspection visits are heldwith the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements(KRIHS) in accordance with the memorandum of
understanding signed on research cooperation.
 In the joint research meeting in FY 2022, participantspresented their studies on smart cities and discussed future
activity plans.

The seventh joint research meeting with the Korea Research Institutefor Human Settlements

International cooperation on landslidedisasters

Cooperation with JICA projects and training As a member of the consortium launched in FY 2020, the
NILIM is editing technical documents.
 These activities are reflected in understanding movementsof other countries in the distribution of advisories to limited
members of the private sector and in creating standards forlandslide warning information.

 In FY 2022, training was provided in dam safety
management, public works estimating capacity building,
airport construction, and formulation of operation andmaintenance plans.
 The NILIM dispatched lecturers in online training sessions
and supported inspection visits during their visit in Japan.

Presentation at the landslide early warning consortium workshop

The training on airport construction and the formulationof operation, maintenance, and management plans
Inspecting an aircraft load simulator

Activities related to ISO
Water Quality Control Department, Road Traffic Department, Building Department, and Research Center for InfrastructureManagement participated in technical committees (TC) to examine and discuss respective standards.

Cooperation with external organizations
By implementing joint research, contract research, calls for technologies, and social experiments and by concluding agreements andleveraging technologies provided by industry and academia, as well as knowledge of different fields such as social science and thehumanities, NILIM strives to improve the efficiency and quality of its research.

 Joint research
Research aiming to achieve better research results byconducting joint research with other organizations

 Social experimentThis is an experiment on the implementation of research resultswith a local government etc.

Research evaluation
Internal evaluations and external evaluations of individual research subjects, achievements, and the operation of institutions are
performed on the basis of the General Guidelines on the Evaluation of National R&D to build an independent and individual
management cycle, promote, and improve the quality of research activities.
NILIM strives to improve the quality of research results by introducing systems allowing external experts to evaluate individual
research subjects that are priority research projects from a wide range of perspectives.
New research
issue(candidate)• Reflecting research results in

Preevaluation

Evaluate necessity and validity
when starting new R&DInterimreportInterim report (partially implemented):
Receive opinions on ongoing researchand take the necessary action such as
reviewing plans

 External evaluation of R&D organization

policies etc.
PostCompletion of evaluation• Reflecting in proposals of
research
new research plans
Post-evaluation:

Evaluate R&D results and reflect
these in future improvement anddissemination of R&D results

Follow-up
surveyFollow-up survey (partially implemented):
Evaluate reflection of results in policies andsecondary effects, and reflect these in theexamination of future R&D issues and otheractivities

Outside experts evaluate research activities as a whole at NILIM, as well as environment improvement initiatives that support the
research activities, and NILIM strives to improve its operation based on these results.

Internal training

for young researchers

We conduct compliance activities according to the promotion plan for the current fiscal year while giving due consideration to themonitoring results and advisory opinions of the Compliance Advisory Committee (External Expert Committee).

Response to misconduct in research
In addition to establishing NILIM Guidelines for Responding to Misconduct in Research, NILIM makes efforts to improve awareness of
research ethics to prevent misconduct (fabrication, falsification, and plagiarizing).

Introduction to facilities

ComplianceInternational expansion/
Public information activities

The research and administrative divisions work together to effectively combine off-JT and OJT to
systematically develop young personnel. In-house research presentation sessions are held for young
researchers who have little experience in presenting their research. Study groups led by young
researchers are also held to strengthen their development through mutual learning.
Experience and Know-how Transmission Lectures are held in order to make use of the accumulation ofresearch, experience, and know-how of predecessors for improving the skills of each staff member.
Internal presentation meeting

Beneficial use of field data

Pre-evaluation:

Start ofresearch

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

 External evaluation of individual research subjects

Support for accident anddisaster responses

 International cooperation
The aim is to improve the quality of research results of NILIM andto give technical support to other countries (international
contribution) through joint research, as well as regular informationexchange between overseas research institutes and NILIM.
Indonesia Department of Public Works and Department of Citizen
Housing Road Research Institute, Korean Research Institute for
Human Settlement, Sri Lanka Ministry of Disaster Management
National Building Research Organization, German Federal Institutefor Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Development,
etc.

Introduction of research Call for technologies
It aims to promote the use of superior technologies by inviting
technologies from the public, which will be tested on-site by the
MLIT.

 Domestic cooperation
The aim is to develop education and research on the university
side and to contribute to the activities of NILIM throughcoordination and cooperation between universities and NILIM.
University of Tsukuba, Kansai University, Tokyo University of
Science, etc.

Special feature Contract research
Research aiming to achieve better research results efficiently by
entrusting to other organizations

Organization, budget, andemployees

Management initiatives supporting high-quality research

26Organization, budget, andemployees

To create a deeper understanding of NILIM

Special feature

WebsiteNILIM Report

NILIM actively provides information, including an outline
of NILIM, direction of research activities, research subjects,
results, and event information.
Visit this site to view information about lecture meetings,
open houses, open experiments, and other PR information.

This annual publication introduces and explains research
trends and examples of how they are reflected in policies
and compiles recommendations for technological policy
issues. (The full report is published on NILIM website.)

Introduction of research
Support for accident anddisaster responses

URL: https://www.nilim.go.jp/english/eindex.htm

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

SNS (Twitter and Facebook)

NILIM Reference etc.

Using the official NILIM social media such as Twitter andFacebook, we are distributing various information such aspress releases, website update information, researchoutcomes, including publication information, and events andlectures.

A Comprehensive Research Report of NILIM is a report of
the research results that have academic value, contribute to
the planning and enactment of policy, or present the resultsof surveys, testing, observations, etc. that are deemedvaluable enough to be released to the public(The full report is published on NILIM website.)

Beneficial use of field data

List of NILIM
social media

Official NILIM Twitter

International expansion/
Public information activities

NILIM YouTube channel

Presenting papers

Videos of experiments and lectures in the field of housing
and social capital of NILIM are available on YouTube witheasy-to-understand explanations.

The NILIM is publishing approximately 500 papers per
year and receiving awards for papers in many fields, bothfrom inside and outside of Japan.

Introduction to facilities• FY 2021, Information Processing
Society of Japan
Won the Achievement Award(March 2022)• FY 2021, Japan Society of
Civil Engineers
Won the Tanaka Ward(paper division)(May 2022)
and others

27

NILIM Lectures
NILIM Lectures are held annually to introduce theactivities of NILIM such as presenting its research outcomesand making recommendations to solve technology-related
policy challenges.

Open houses are held to introduce NILIM facilities andresearch projects to visitors.
Facility tours are also available at any time to introduce
our research facilities and research projects.
Please visit our website for the more information.

Special feature

Open house and facility tour

Organization, budget, andemployees

Lectures

Introduction of research
Support for accident anddisaster responses

Open house(Civil Engineering
Day 2022)

Facility tour

Recruiting activities

Lectures on demand are held with the aim of having
NILIM researchers go directly to schools etc. to explain
research contents and answer questions while holding open
communications with people.
Online lectures are also available in order to prevent the
spread of COVID-19.
(Lectures given in FY 2022: 40 lectures)

NILIM is recruiting people who work with us to realize asafe, reliable, vibrant, and attractive national land and society.
Please visit our website for the latest information.

Introduction to facilities

View of a lectureInternational expansion/
Public information activities

Lectures on demand

Beneficial use of field data

Starting in FY 2022, we started a hybrid
format of in-person participation at the venue
and live-streaming of the lecture.
It also holds specialist lecture meetingsand symposiums in each field whenevernecessary.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

NILIM Lecture (December 2022)

28

Organization, budget, andemployees

Introduction to facilities
Asahi Office Tachihara Office
Asahi Office and Tachihara Office are in Tsukuba City, and numerous experimental facilities are deployed in the enormous compounds.
Tachihara Office

Test course

Special feature

Test course with the length of 6,152 meters. Tests are carried out on road drivability, safety,
road-to-vehicle coordination technology, etc. Findings are reflected in road-related technicalstandards such as the Road Structure Ordinance.

Specifications□ Total length: Approx. 6.2 km□ Number of lanes: 3

Tachihara Office

North loop design speed: 100 km/h
South loop design speed: 120 km/h

Asahi Office

Introduction of research

Collision test facility
Front gate

Support for accident anddisaster responses

In this experimental facility, vehicles are crashedinto traffic safety facilities such as protective
guard fences, to develop, improve, and examine
the functions of such traffic safety facilities.
Vehicles are moved using the power of winches sothat it can accelerateunmanned.
The facility is used
for the experiments
necessary for therevision of technicalstandards such as
setting the strength
performance of protective fences and examining
their structure and specifications.
It is also used for experiments by the private
sector for the development and improvement of
new types of protective fences.

Asahi Office
B block
ロック

11

5 Full-scale tunnel experiment facility

BブConstruction DX experimental
衝突実験施設field (outdoor
experimental
facility for construction machinery)Support for fieldtechnology improvement

Various experiments are conducted using a full-scale tunnel with a length of 700 m and across-sectional area of 45.5 m2, which is unparalleled in the world.
We conducted fire experiments on actual buses to grasp how the smoke flows. The findings of theexperiments were used for designing tunnel ventilation and fire control facilities and theexamination of operation standards.

Collision
衝突実験施設test facility
Research building

C block

A block

衝突実験施設Road foundation structure experimental facility

9
Marine and coastal
experiment facility
衝突実験施設ロック

D block

Test course

LegendNish

A block

iA
ve
n

ue
西(N
大a
通tio
りn（a
l国R
o道a
d
4400
88)
号

B block
C block
衝突実験施設River model experiment facility

7

F blockロック

E block

G block
H block

5

10

Sewers experimental facility
Eブ

環Experimental channel withlarge-scale embankment modeland high flow velocity
experimental channel

6路* Buildings and lots other than those indicatedabove are those of the Public Works ResearchInstitute, Building Research Institute, and thePort and Airport Research Institute.

所

300m

Central中央
switching
開閉所
station

400m

500m

開

200m

水

央

100m

I block流

中International expansion/
Public information activities

E block）

Full-scale tunnel experiment facility

閉

D block

0m

Videos of various experiments
conducted at the NILIM andinformation videos are available
on the NILIM YouTube channel.

G block
Gブ

Beneficial use of field data
Introduction to facilities

29□ Curve section

1,000mRental of research facilities at the Asahi Office
Research facilities of NILIM can be rented for a fee by outside organizations within a range that
does not obstruct the operations of NILIM.
Inquiries: Planning and Research Administration Department, Research Facilities Division
Email address: nil-shisetsu-rental@gxb.mlit.go.jp
Reference website: https://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bbg/rental/rental.html

J blockF and H blockOrganization, budget, andemployees

Yokosuka Office
Typhoon experimentwind wave channel

The main building wascompleted in April 2004. It has
a light court in an atrium toallow natural ventilation andnatural lighting to enter the
research laboratories. The
building also has solar panels
and rooftop greening. Theseand other features aredesigned to protect the global
environment.

This is one of the largest wind wave
channels in Japan where model tests
on storm surges, high waves, strong
winds, and tsunamis are conducted.
We are conducting research toprotect large cities and ports fromnatural disasters using a windblower, a wave maker, and a pumpto generate typhoon-level winds,
waves, and currents.

4 Airport Pavement Test Field
Test pavements are constructed in an outdoor field to confirm long-term durability, deformation resistance,and other properties of materials used in airport pavement.

Aircraft load simulator

Guard station

Introduction of research

Front
gate

Yokosuka Office▶
Sotohatake

The simulator can apply afull-scale load of a main gearof the B747-400. Repeatedloading tests are conductedusing the simulator on
pavements that are thesame structures as runways,
taxiways, and aprons.

0m

4This is used for hydraulic experiments
concerning shore protection in order to protect
the lives of people from the danger of storm
surges, high waves, tsunami, and coastal
erosion.
ve-makPlane wa

Road foundation structure

9 experiment facility

This facility reproduces damage to roads (such as
the generation of road surface bumps) and uneven
subsidence during earthquakes to verify roadtechnology that is resistant to grounddeformation.

ity

ing facil

7 River model experiment facility

The experimental channel with a large-scaleembankment model uses models close to actual
size to study the external forces acting on river
structures such as levees and their failure
mechanisms and to study rational design methods
for river structures.
In recent years, researchers are conducting
overflow experiments by creating a levee modelwith the height of 4 meters to study the structureof persistent river levees that are resistant tocollapse even when overtopped by water. Basedon findings gained at this experimental channel,
we created the Technical Reference for Examining
the Structure of Persistent River Levee (draft).

* Other facilities include a sediment hydraulic test channel, a river hydraulic model test facility, a high velocity test channel, and a full-scale aeration test facility.

Introduction to facilities

The construction DX experimental
field is a research facility aimed atpromoting digital transformation (DX)in the infrastructure sector.
This facility consists of full-scalecomplete-shape models to develop
technologies for construction
management and inspection of
structures using technologies,
including 3D measurement
technology, and an earthwork field todevelop technologies for unmanned
construction andautomatic/autonomous construction
using 5G and other tools.

International expansion/
Public information activities

11 Construction DX experimental field

Beneficial use of field data

This is a sprawling 15-hectare facility locatedoutdoors. Up to 15 river models can be set up on
the site.
For example, the hydraulic model of Arakawa
No. 2 and No. 3 Regulating Ponds is a large-scalemodel that is 180-meter long and 40-meterwide. Using the 1/50 scale reproduction of river
topography such as the Iruma River confluenceand levee shapes, researchers are checking how
river water flows into a regulating pond and how
the water spreads after entering the regulating
pond by conducting experiments.

Support for fieldtechnology improvement

10 Experimental channel with large-scale embankment model

Support for accident anddisaster responses

This full-scale experimental facility can artificially reproduce various defects such as joint
misalignment and cross-sectional cracks, which occur in sewer systems. Under uniform conditions,the performance of inspection equipment can be examined and comparatively evaluated moresafely and efficiently than conducting experiments using actual sewer systems.

100m◀ Yokosuka Office II

Marine and coastal
experiment facility

6 Sewers experimental facility

50m

Special feature

Yokosuka Office30

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management
NILIM is the acronym for the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management.
The triangle indicates three fields covered by the former organization: the field related to rivers and roads, the field related to the city and housing, and the field related toports and airports. The logo represents our commitment to be in charge of housing and social infrastructure development through the cooperation of these three fields.
The orange color represents our expectations that the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management will make many contributions to national land policy andcreate a bright Japan in preparation for the coming age of the 21st century.

List of NILIM
social media
https://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bbg/
vrkokusouken/index.html

AccessNILIM

VR NILIM
Created in April 2023