ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)୰ᅜㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ⏕ᡂ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ୍⪃ᐹ̿໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢẚ㍑ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚̿᱇ 㞹 ͊ ࠙せ᪨ࠚᮏ✏ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᫬㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࢆᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ಁ㡢࡜ධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆཷࡅࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࡟ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࡜ྠᵝࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ౑⏝ࡋࠊ≉࡟ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࢆఙࡤࡋࡓ≉ᚩⓗ࡞Ⓨ㡢ࢆࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ
࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ *ࠋ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ㸸ಁ㡢ㄒࠊධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࠊ᫬㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩࠊᏊ㡢㛗ࠊẕ㡢㛗1㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟᪥ᮏㄒࡢಁ㡢ࡣⓎ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ᜥࡀワࡲࡿ࡜࠸࠺⫈ぬ༳㇟ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୰ᅜࡢ᪉ゝ࡛࠶ࡿᗈᮾㄒ࡟ࡶࠊ㢮ఝࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࠕࡘࡲࡿ㡢ࠖࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ࡜ࡼࡤࢀࡿ㡢⠇ᮎᏊ㡢࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୧⪅ࡢ㢮ఝᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࡍ࡛࡟ඛ⾜◊✲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⿬௜ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮤ 2014 ࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ㧗࠸ẚ⋡࡛ධኌ㡩ᑿࢆಁ㡢ࡔ࡜ㄆ㆑ࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⤖ᯝࢆᚓࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࡇࡢ୧⪅ࡢ㢮ఝᛶ࠿ࡽࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ẕㄒࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠾ࡾࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡜ࡋ࡚ಁ㡢ࡢࠕࡘࡲࡿ㡢ࠖ࡜࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆᐜ᫆࡟ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࠊᙇ 2011
ࡣ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࡀཎᅉ࡛ࠊẕㄒࡀᗈᮾㄒࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡀಁ㡢ㄒࢆⓎ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣࠊ࡯࠿ࡢゝㄒヰ⪅࡜㐪࠺ࠊ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࡀぢࡽࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
1.1 ◊✲┠ⓗ࡜ᑐ㇟ ᮏ✏ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ᫬㛫㛗ࡢ㠃࠿ࡽࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿヰ⪅࡜ࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᣢࡘᗈᮾㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ᪥ᮏㄒಁ㡢ㄒࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ †⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ *ᮏ✏ࡣࠊಟኈㄽᩥ ᱇ 2012 ࡢ୍㒊࠾ࡼࡧ 2014 ᖺᗘ➨ 28 ᅇ᪥ᮏ㡢ኌᏛ఍඲ᅜ኱఍ཱྀ࡛㢌Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓෆᐜࡢ୍㒊࡟ຍ➹࣭ಟṇࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1᱇㞹 ᪥ᮏㄒࡢಁ㡢࡜ᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᑐ↷ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ┦㐪Ⅼ࡜㢮ఝⅬࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢಁ㡢ࡣཎ๎ⓗ࡟↓ኌᏊ㡢ࡢ๓࡟఩⨨ࡋࠊ㡢ኌ⎔ቃ࡟ࡼࡾኚ␗ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ༢⊂࡛ࡣᡂ❧ࡏࡎࠊᚋ⥆ࡢ㡢࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ㝿ࡢ㡢౯ࡀỴࡲࡿࠋಁ㡢ࡢ㡢౯ࡣᚋ⥆ࡍࡿᏊ㡢ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚㏫⾜᏶඲ྠ໬ࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࡓࡵࠊᇶᮏⓗ࡟ pࠊtࠊkࠊs ࡢ 4 ✀㢮ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐࡋࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡣ㛢㙐㡢 pࠊtࠊk ࡢ  ࡘࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢⓎ㡢ࡣᇶᮏⓗ࡟ᚋ⥆ࡍࡿ㡢⠇ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿ ᮡᒣ 1988 ࠋ
๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊಁ㡢࡜ධኌ㡩ᑿࡣᜥࡀワࡲࡿ࡜࠸࠺ඹ㏻ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ⫈ぬ༳㇟࡛ࡣ୍ᐃࡢ㢮ఝᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿ ᙇ 2011 ࠋ≉࡟ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᏊ㡢ࡀᚋ⥆ࡍࡿ㡢⠇ࡢ㡢⠇㢌Ꮚ㡢࡜୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡣࠊࡑࡢ㢮ఝᛶࡀࡉࡽ࡟㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡓ࡜࠼ࡤࠊmattai ≀య ࠊukkei ᒇ௻ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞༢ㄒࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
1.2 ඛ⾜◊✲࡜ၥ㢟ᥦ㉳ ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢⏕ᡂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿඛ⾜◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ ᶘ (2006)࡜ᙇ(2011)ࡀ࠶ࡆࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᶘ (2006)ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ◚⿣㡢ࡢ㛢㙐ᣢ⥆᫬㛫ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ↓ኌᏊ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡟ࡣ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ࡢ᭷ពᕪࡀ࡞࠸࡜ሗ࿌ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᙇ(2011)ࡣᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂㄪᰝ࡜࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗㄪᰝࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡉࢀࠊಁ㡢ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㝿࡟ධኌ㡩ᑿࢆᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡜ࡍࡿ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ඛ⾜◊✲࠿ࡽᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ࡢㄆ㆑㠃࡛ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ᳨ド࡛ࡁࡓࡀࠊ୺࡟᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢࡳࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆศᯒࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊಁ㡢ࡢㄪ㡢㠃࡛ࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࡣࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿ࠊ࡝ࡇ࡟ࠊ࡝ࢀ࡯࡝ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ␲ၥࡀṧࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ␲ၥࢆゎᾘࡍࢀࡤᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ྥࡅࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ㡢ኌᣦᑟ࡟ᙺ❧ࡘ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢಁ㡢ㄪ㡢࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࡣࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢ࡞࠸୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿヰ⪅ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࡜ࡢẚ㍑࠿ࡽࠊࡼࡾ㩭᫂࡟ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
௨ୖࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࢆᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊಁ㡢࡜ධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢ㄒ࡜ᑐ↷ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡿࠋ

2. ಁ㡢࡜ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢ㡢㡪ᐇ㦂᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࠾ࡼࡧ୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ࡢẚ㍑࠿ࡽࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᫬㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡾࠊࡑࡇ࠿ࡽධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊಁ㡢࡜ධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㡢㡪ᐇ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࠋ

2.1 ᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡣࠊᮾி㒔࣭༓ⴥ┴ฟ㌟ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ 10 ேࠊ໭ி࣭Ἑ໭┬➼ฟ㌟ࡢ୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝ
2ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)ẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ 14 ேࠊᗈᮾ┬ฟ㌟ࡢᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ 15 ே࡛࠶ࡿࠋᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡢྛࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢグྕ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡟ࠕJࠖࠊ୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡟ࠕNࠖࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡟ࠕCTࠖࢆ౑⏝ࡍࡿࠋ୍⯡ⓗ࡞᪥ᮏㄒᩍᮦ࡛ࡣ఍ヰ࡟ධࡿ๓࡟ಁ㡢ࡣࡍ࡛࡟⩦ᚓ῭ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㘓㡢㡯┠ࢆὶᬸ࡟ㄞࡴࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ୍ᐃࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊࡀᚲせࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊⓎ㡢ࡢഴྥࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊಁ㡢ࢆ⩦ᚓࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡀಖドࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࠿ࡘᩥࢆㄞࡵࡿ୍ᐃࡢ᪥ᮏㄒ⬟ຊࡶᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦Ṕࡀ 300 ᫬㛫௨ෆࡢึ⣭ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡟㝈ᐃࡋࡓࠋ

2.2 㘓㡢㡯┠㘓㡢㡯┠ࣜࢫࢺࡣ⾲ 1 ࡜⾲ 2 ࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒ 8 㡯┠ࠊᗈᮾㄒ 8 㡯┠ࠊྜィ 16 㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂࡟༠ຊࡋ࡚ࡃࢀࡓᏛ⩦⪅ࡣࠊ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᩍᮦࡀ㐪࠸ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒࣞ࣋ࣝ࡟ࡶࡤࡽࡘࡁࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊព࿡ࡢ࠶ࡿ༢ㄒࢆ౑⏝ࡍࢀࡤࠊᏛ⩦⪅࡟㥆ᰁࡳࡢ࠶ࡿ༢ㄒ࡜⩦ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸༢ㄒࡢ㛫࡟ᕪࡀฟࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࠊ㘓㡢㡯┠ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿ㝈ࡾ↓ព࿡ㄒࢆ౑ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㦂ㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥࡣࣞ࣋ࣝࡀప࠸Ꮫ⩦⪅ࡶㄞࡵࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊึ⣭ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒᩍᮦ࡟᭱ึฟ࡚ࡃࡿᩥᆺࠕࡇࢀࡣ  ࡛ࡍࠖࢆ㑅ࢇࡔࠋ࡞࠾ࠊࠕࡇࢀࡣ  ࡛ࡍࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᩥᆺ࡜↓ព࿡ㄒࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡣே࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡸࡸ୙⮬↛࡞ឤࡌࡀࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺࡜ࡁ࡟ࠊ㘓㡢㡯┠ࡢ↓ព࿡ㄒࢆࠕ᪂〇ရ➼ࡢྡ⛠࡜ࡋ࡚ㄞࢇ࡛ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᣦ♧ࢆฟࡋࡓࠋࡼࡾ㩭᫂࡟ධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᖸ΅ࡢᐇែࢆぢࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢᐇ㦂ㄒࡣ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㡯┠࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚ࠊⓎ㡢ࡀ᭱ࡶ㏆࠸↓ព࿡ㄒࢆసࡗࡓࠋྛᐇ㦂ㄒࡣ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ࢭࣥࢸࣥࢫࠕᡃ᭷୍୭ྉ  Ⴢබ௘(ngo yau
yat go giu  ge gong zai/⚾ࡣ  ࡜࠸࠺ேᙧࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ)ࠖࡢ୰࡟ᇙࡵ㎸ࢇࡔࠋᮏ✏࡛ゝཬࡍࡿࠕಁ㡢ㄒࠖࡣ⾲ 1 ࡟♧ࡍಁ㡢ࢆྵࡴᐇ㦂ㄒࠊࠕධኌㄒࠖࡣ⾲ 2 ࡟♧ࡍධኌ㡩ᑿࢆྵࡴᐇ㦂ㄒࢆᣦࡍࠋ

⾲ 1㸸᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㘓㡢㡯┠グྕಁ㡢ㄒಁ㡢ㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥグྕ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥJppࡥࡗࡥࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗࡥ࡛ࡍࠋJpࡥࡥࡇࢀࡣࡥࡥ࡛ࡍࠋ

Jttࡥࡗࡓ

ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗࡓ࡛ࡍࠋ

Jtࡥࡓࡇࢀࡣࡥࡓ࡛ࡍࠋ

Jkkࡥࡗ࠿

ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗ࠿࡛ࡍࠋJkࡥ࠿ࡇࢀࡣࡥ࠿࡛ࡍࠋ

Jssࡥࡗࡉ

ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡗࡉ࡛ࡍࠋ

Jsࡥࡉ

ࡇࢀࡣࡥࡉ࡛ࡍࠋ

⾲ 2㸸ᗈᮾㄒࡢ㘓㡢㡯┠グྕ
CTppCTttධኌㄒ
⟅ 1∐(daappa2)
ඵ௚(baatta)ධኌㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥグྕᡃ᭷୍୭ྉ⟅∐Ⴢබ௘ࠋ

CTpᡃ᭷୍୭ྉඵ௚Ⴢබ௘ࠋ

CTt㠀ධኌㄒ
ᕮ∐(bapa)
ᕮ௚(bata)

㠀ධኌㄒࡀྵࡲࢀࡿᩥᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮ∐Ⴢබ௘ࠋᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮ௚Ⴢබ௘ࠋ

1*baap ࡜Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿᏐࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ௦ࢃࡾ࡟ daap ࡜Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿᏐࠕ⟅ࠖࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋ

2ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ࢖࢚࣮ࣝᘧ࣮࣐ࣟᏐ⾲グἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋ
3᱇㞹

CTkk
CTssⓒ༩
(baakka)ඵἋ(baatsa3)ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉⓒ༩Ⴢබ௘ࠋ

CTkᡃ᭷୍୭ྉඵἋჂබ௘ࠋ

CTsᕮ༩
(baka)
ᕮἋ(basa)

ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮ༩Ⴢබ௘ࠋ
ᡃ᭷୍୭ྉᕮἋჂබ௘ࠋ

2.3 㘓㡢ࡢᡭ㡰㘓㡢㡯┠ࡣ࣮࢝ࢻ୍ᯛ࡟୍㡯┠ࢆ༳ๅࡋࠊ㘓㡢ࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࠊᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅࡟࣮࢝ࢻࢆ୍ᯛࡎࡘࣛࣥࢲ࣒࡟ᥦ♧ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㡯┠ࡣᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅඲ဨ࡟ㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽ࠸ࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢ㡯┠ࡣᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢࡳ࡟ㄞࢇ࡛ࡶࡽࡗࡓࠋ

2.4 ィ᪉ἲ ཰㘓ࡋࡓ㡢ኌࡣࠊࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࠕPraatࠖࢆ౑⏝ࡋࠊ㡢㡪ศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࢭࢢ࣓ࣥࢺ㛗ࡢィࡣࠊ┠ど࡟ࡼࡾ㡢ኌἼᙧ࠾ࡼࡧࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢢ࣒ࣛୖ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᐇ㦂ㄒࡢᏊ㡢㛗ࡣ㛢㙐㡢ࡢ㛢㙐ᣢ⥆᫬㛫࡜ᦶ᧿㡢ࡢᦶ᧿ᣢ⥆᫬㛫࡜ࡋ࡚࡜ࡽ࠼ࡿࠋィࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡣᩥࡢ୰ࡢᐇ㦂ㄒࡢಁ㡢㒊(ࡲࡓࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ)ࡢᏊ㡢㛗(௨ୗ㸸C)ࠊಁ㡢(ࡲࡓࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ)ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗(௨ୗ㸸V1)ࠊಁ㡢(ࡲࡓࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ)ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗(௨ୗ㸸V2)ࠊᐇ㦂ㄒ඲యࡢ᫬㛫㛗(௨ୗ㸸W)࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮤ(2007)ࢆཧ↷ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᮏ✏࡛ࡢࢭࢢ࣓ࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᇶ‽ࡣ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾ࡟タᐃࡋࡓࠋձ ◚⿣㡢ࡢ㛢㙐ᣢ⥆᫬㛫ࡣࠊ㛢㙐༊㛫ࡢጞࡲࡿ᫬Ⅼ࠿ࡽ⤊ࢃࡿ᫬Ⅼࡲ࡛࡜ࡍࡿࠋղ ᦶ᧿㡢ࡢᦶ᧿㒊ศࡣࠊᦶ᧿ᛶ㞧㡢ࡀጞࡲࡿ᫬Ⅼ࠿ࡽᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ࿘ᮇἼࡀぢࡽࢀࡿ᫬Ⅼࡲ࡛࡜ࡍࡿࠋճ ඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡣࠊ࿘ᮇἼࡀࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ぢࡽࢀࡿ᫬Ⅼࢆẕ㡢ࡢጞ➃࡜ࡋࠊᾘ࠼ࡿ᫬Ⅼࢆẕ㡢ࡢ⤊➃࡜ࡍࡿࠋලయ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᅗ 1 ࡣ Jkk ࡢ୍౛ࠊᅗ 2 ࡣ Jss ࡢ୍౛ࡢࢭࢢ࣓ࣥࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆ♧ࡍࠋᅗ 1 ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ Jkk(ࡥࡗ࠿)ࡢ୍౛

3ᗈᮾㄒ࡛ࡣ*baassa ࡜࠸࠺ᐇ㦂ㄒࢆసࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ㸪s ࡢಁ㡢࡟᭱ࡶ㏆࠸㡢(t ࡢධኌ㡩ᑿࡀධࡗࡓࡀࠊ

ㄪ㡢఩⨨ࡀ s ࡜ᴟࡵ࡚㏆ࡃ࡚◚⿣ࡶࡋ࡞࠸)࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝ࡋࡓࠋ4ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)ᅗ 2 ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ Jss(ࡥࡗࡉ)ࡢ୍౛

3. Ꮚ㡢㛗࡜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢ᳨ウ᪉ἲಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊඛ⾜◊✲ࡣ୺࡟᫬㛫㛗ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊಁ㡢ࡢ᫬㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩࡣ㠀ಁ㡢࡜ಁ㡢ࢆᘚูࡍࡿ᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆձᏊ㡢㛗ࠊղ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢ㠃࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋಁ㡢ࡢᏊ㡢㛗࡜๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣඛ⾜◊✲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿࠋ⏕ᡂ㠃ࡢ◊✲ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡶ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ▱ぬ㠃ࡢ◊✲ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡶ࠶ࡿࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣ⏕ᡂ㠃ࡢ⪃ᐹࢆ⾜࠺ࡀࠊಁ㡢ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᭱኱㝈࡟ほᐹࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊඛ⾜◊✲࡟ࡼࡿ⏕ᡂ࡜▱ぬࡢ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀ࠿ࡾࢆ࠸ࡎࢀࡶཧ⪃࡟ࡋ࡚⪃ᐹ㡯┠ࢆỴࡵࡿࠋ

3.1 Ꮚ㡢㛗ࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠Ꮚ㡢㛗ࡣ㠀ಁ㡢࡜ಁ㡢ࢆᘚูࡍࡿ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀ࠿ࡾࡢ୰࡛᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᏊ㡢㛗ࢆ⪃ᐹࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡣከᵝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᚋ㏙ࡢඛ⾜◊✲࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊᏊ㡢㛗ࡢ࡜ࡽ࠼᪉ࡣ㸸ձᏊ㡢㛗ࠊղᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࠊճᏊ㡢㛗ᑐᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࠊմᏊ㡢㛗ᑐㄒ㛗ࡢẚࠊյᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛ㛗ࡢẚࠊ࡜࠸࠺ 5 ࡘࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢ 5 ࡘࡢ㡯┠࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢඛ⾜◊✲ࡢ⤖ㄽࡣࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋΏ㒊࣭ᖹ⸨(1985ࠊ1987)࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ
ಁ㡢ࡀᡂ❧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ↓ኌᏊ㡢ࡢ㛢㙐᫬㛫ࡢ㛗ࡉࡣࠊ㛢㙐࡟ඛ⾜ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡢᣢ⥆᫬㛫࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡀࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢᣢ⥆᫬㛫ࡣಁ㡢ࡢุ᩿࡟ࡣ඲ࡃᙳ㡪ࡀ࡞࠸࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ⤖ㄽ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ኱῝࡯࠿(2005)ࡣࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢ୧せᅉࡀࠊಁ㡢▱ぬ࡟᭷ព࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋࡓ࡜␗ㄽࢆ㏙࡭
࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊHirata(2007)ࡣΏ㒊ࡽࡢ◊✲ࢆࡉࡽ࡟㐍ࡵ࡚ࠊ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ࢭࣥࢸࣥࢫࡢ୰࡛Ⓨヰࡉࢀࡓ
2 㡢⠇ࡢಁ㡢࣭㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡀⓎヰ㏿ᗘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࠊඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗࡟ᑐࡍࡿᏊ㡢㛗ࡢẚࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㡢㡪ศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࡼࡾࠊᏊ㡢㛗ᑐᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠊṇ☜࡟ಁ㡢ࡢ᭷↓ࢆᘚูࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺⤖ㄽࢆฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᮤ(2007)ࡣࠊⓎヰ㏿ᗘࢆ 1 ࡘࡢ㐃⥆య࡜ࡋ࡚ᤊ࠼ࠊኚ໬ࡍࡿⓎヰ㏿ᗘࡢ୰࡛ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ࡞ᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⏕ᡂᐇ㦂ࢆ㏻ࡌ᳨࡚ドࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㠀ಁ㡢࣭ಁ㡢ࡢᘚู࡟ࡣࠊᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚࡼࡾࠊᏊ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛ㛗ࡢẚࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠊಁ㡢ࡢ᭷↓࡟ᙉࡃ㛵ಀࡍࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊಁ㡢ࡢㄪ㡢࡟㛵ࡍࡿ 5 ࡘࡢ㡯┠ࡣࠊ┦஫࡟㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
5᱇㞹࡞࠾ࠊ୰ᅜࡢ໭᪉᪉ゝ࡜ᗈᮾㄒࡢ↓ኌ◚⿣㡢࡟ࡣ᭷Ẽ㡢ࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㘓㡢ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࠊ୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢẕㄒࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࠊᐇ㦂ㄒࡢㄒ㢌Ꮚ㡢ࡢࠕpࠖࢆ᭷Ẽ㡢࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿᏛ⩦⪅ࡀከ࠸ࠋணഛᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢࠕpࠖࡢᏊ㡢ࡀ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡼࡾᖖ࡟㛗࠸ࡓࡵࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛࡶ㛗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋᮏᐇ㦂ࡢ㡢ኌࢹ࣮ࢱࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡶࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ほᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀᏊ㡢ࠕpࠖࢆ᭷Ẽ㡢࡜ࡋ࡚Ⓨ㡢ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊㄒ୰㛢㙐࡟ඛ⾜ࡍࡿ࣮ࣔࣛࡢ᫬㛫㛗࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊյ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜࣮ࣔࣛ㛗ࡢẚ࡜࠸࠺㡯┠ࡣ௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠࡜ࡋ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊᮏ✏ࡣ◊✲┠ⓗ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚ࠊձ Ꮚ㡢㛗(C)ղ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚ(௨ୗ㸸C/V1)ճ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢẚ(௨ୗ㸸C/V2)
մ Ꮚ㡢㛗ᑐㄒ㛗ࡢẚ(௨ୗ㸸C/W)௨ୖࡢ 4 ࡘࡢ㡯┠࡟╔┠ࡋࠊಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࢆࡼࡾ᫂☜࡟㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡃࠋ

3.2 ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠ḟࡣ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࠊࡘࡲࡾඛ⾜ẕ㡢㛗࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢ㠃࠿ࡽศᯒࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ⪃ᐹ㡯┠࡛࠶ࡿࠋከࡃࡢඛ⾜◊✲(⚟஭ 1978˗㧗⏣ 1985˗኱῝ 2003)࠿ࡽࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊಁ㡢ㄒࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡼࡾࠊಁ㡢࡟ඛ⾜ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡀ㛗ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡛ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢሙྜࡣ࡝࠺࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࠿ࠋධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡀᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࡟཯ᫎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅࡛⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡓಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ኱῝࡯࠿(2005)ࡣࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡉࡗࡓࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡶ㠀ಁ㡢࡜ಁ㡢ࡢุ᩿࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋධኌㄒࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡉࡗࡓࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ࡝࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡜ࠊࡑࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ

4. ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡣྛヰ⪅ࡢ 1 ࡘ 1 ࡘࡢᐇ㦂ㄒࡢ୕ᅇࡢⓎヰࢆィࡋ࡚ࠊྛᐇ㦂ㄒࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋ⟬ฟࡋࡓᩘ್ࡣྛᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡢಶேࡢᩘ್࡜ࡍࡿࠋྛᐇ㦂༠ຊ⪅ࡢಶேࡢᩘ್ࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊྛࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᖹᆒ್ࢆ⟬ฟࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡣ⾲ 3 ࡜⾲ 4 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ

6ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)⾲ 3㸸᪥ᮏㄒࡢᐇ㦂ㄒྛ㡯┠ࡢᖹᆒ್(༢఩㸸ms)
J

㡯┠

N

CT

V1

C

V2

W

V1

C

V2

W

V1

C

V2

W

Jp

54.7

75.2

93.0

254.8

68.8

80.2

98.6

323.7

75.9

78.7

120.8

339.1

Jpp

71.8

170.0

83.3

358.0

107.2

223.0

106.4

518.2

73.9

169.6

147.6

465.7

Jt

55.368.2

85.8

249.5

82.5

84.0

89.8

345.6

83.7

92.9

128.1

391.3

Jtt

72.4

169.8

82.6

360.3

101.8

183.9

102.8

471.9

90.7

161.6

142.3

475.5

Jk

57.3

75.9

76.5

250.2

73.2

76.5

83.5

331.0

79.1

85.2

121.9

373.0

Jkk

70.7

175.3

74.0

317.3

98.2

202.6

94.0

478.2

85.0

143.0

134.7

450.5

Js

68.9

84.9

91.4

267.3

92.2

112.6

97.4

354.4

101.8

128.9

145.6

411.1

Jss

86.3

179.1

84.2

374.2

113.1

192.2

110.2

465.9

100.5

186.8

146.5

466.6

⾲ 4㸸ᗈᮾㄒྛ㡯┠ࡢᖹᆒ್(༢఩㸸ms)
CT㡯┠
V1CV2

W

CTp

156.3

62.9

153.3

437.3

CTpp

95.6

115.7

147.1

436.4

CTt

160.1

52.9

149.7

433.2

CTtt

100.0

121.2

144.8

443.4

CTk

152.4

54.9

139.0

419.1

CTkk

97.2

117.9

144.1

433.9

CTs

162.0

98.3

152.1

423.2

CTss

113.6

146.3

164.1

434.6

ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᫬㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩ࡜ධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᖸ΅ࡢᵝ┦ࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
㘓㡢ᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᏊ㡢㛗࡜๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢ㠃࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ

4.1 Ꮚ㡢㛗࠿ࡽࡢ⪃ᐹᏊ㡢㛗࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ࡜ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡟୚࠼ࡿẕㄒ࡜Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊC࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࢆᚑᒓኚᩘ࡜ࡋࠊẕㄒ JࠊNࠊCT ࡢ 3 Ỉ‽ࢆ⿕㦂⪅㛫ᅉᏊ AࠊᏊ㡢✀ JpࠊJppࠊJtࠊJttࠊJkࠊJkk ࠊJsࠊJss ࡢ 8 Ỉ‽ࢆ⿕㦂⪅ෆᅉᏊ B ࡜ࡋࡓศᩓศᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࠋձ C ẕㄒ࡜Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢ஺஫స⏝࡟᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸦F(14,288)=2.205, p=0.008<0.05㸧ࠋղ C/V1 Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢ୺ຠᯝࡀ᭷ព࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸦F(7,288)=19.496, p=0.000<0.05㸧ࠋẕㄒࡢ 3 Ỉ‽㛫࡛᭷
7᱇㞹ព࡞ᕪࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ճ C/V2 ẕㄒ࡜Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢ஺஫స⏝࡟᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸦F(14,288)=3.409, p=0.000<0.05㸧ࠋմ C/W ẕㄒ࡜Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢ஺஫స⏝࡟᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ㸦F(14,288)=2.472, p=0.003<0.05㸧ࠋCࠊC/V2 ࡜ C/W ࡢẕㄒ࡜Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢ஺஫స⏝ࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊCࠊC/V2 ࡜ C/W ࡣẕㄒ࡜Ꮚ㡢✀ࡢ 2 ࡘࡢせᅉࡀ┦஫࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋC/V1 ࡣᏊ㡢✀ࡢ㛫࡟ࡔࡅ᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ௨ୖࡢศᩓศᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ࠊBonferroni ἲ࡟ࡼࡿከ㔜ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࣌࢔ࡈ࡜ࡢ᭷ព☜⋡ p್ࢆ⾲ 5 ࡜⾲ 6 ࡟♧ࡍࠋC/V1 ࡢศᩓศᯒ࡛ẕㄒࡢ 3 Ỉ‽㛫࡛᭷ពᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊC/V1ࡢ㒊ศࡣ࡛⾲グࡍࡿࠋ⿕㦂⪅ෆᅉᏊ B ࡢᏊ㡢✀ 8 Ỉ‽ࡢෆࠊ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡢᏊ㡢✀ JpࠊJtࠊJkࠊJs ࡜ಁ㡢ㄒࡢᏊ㡢✀ JppࠊJttࠊJkkࠊJss ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࡣࡗࡁࡾ࡜ศࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ⾲ 5 ࡛㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࠊ⾲ 6࡛ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆศࡅ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡿࠋኴᏐ࡟ࠕ*ࠖࡀࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡣ᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

⾲ 5㸸㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡢከ㔜ẚ㍑⤖ᯝ(p ್)ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ
          ẕㄒJ࡜NJ ࡜ CT

N ࡜ CT

Jp

1.000

1.000

1.000

Jt

1.000

0.615

1.000

Jk

1.000

1.000

1.000

Js

0.301

0.073

1.000

Jp×××

Jt×××

Jk×××

Js×××

Jp

1.000

1.000

0.836

Jt0.287

1.000

0.106

Jk

1.000

0.755

0.582

Js

0.656

1.000

0.311

Jp

0.418

0.125

1.000

Jt

1.000

0.843

1.000

Jk

0.108

*0.030<0.05

1.000

Js

1.000

1.000

1.000

Ꮚ㡢✀

C

C/V1

C/V2C/W ⾲ 5 ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W 48 㡯┠ࡢ୰࡛ 1 㡯┠࡟ࡋ࠿᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽ
ࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊJࠊN ࡜ CT ࡢ 3 ⩌ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㏆࠸࡜࠸࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ඲యⓗ࡟ࡳࡿ࡜ࠊN ࡜ CT ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ࡟ࡣࠊJ ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒ࡜ẚ࡭࡚8ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)᫬㛫㛗ࡢ㠃࡛≉࡟㢧ⴭ࡞ഴྥࡀ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ⾲ 6㸸ಁ㡢ㄒ C࣭C/V1࣭C/V2࣭C/W ࡢከ㔜ẚ㍑⤖ᯝ(p ್)ࡢࡲ࡜ࡵ
          ẕㄒJ࡜NJ ࡜ CTN ࡜ CT

Jpp

*0.017<0.05

1.000*0.006<0.05

Jtt

0.649

1.0000.198

Jkk*0.022<0.050.294*0.000<0.05

Jss

0.724

1.000

1.000

Jpp

×××

Jtt

×××

Jkk

×××

Jss

×××

Jpp

*0.047<0.05*0.001<0.05*0.000<0.05

Jtt

1.000

*0.001<0.05*0.000<0.05

Jkk

0.877

*0.000<0.05*0.000<0.05

Jss

1.000

*0.004<0.05*0.003<0.05

Jpp

0.618

*0.000<0.05*0.012<0.05Jtt

0.160*0.000<0.05*0.006<0.05

Jkk

0.334

*0.000<0.05*0.000<0.05

Jss

0.299

*0.019<0.050.710

Ꮚ㡢✀CC/V1C/V2C/W⾲ 6 ࡟♧ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊC ࡢሙྜࡣ≉࡟᫂ࡽ࠿࡞ഴྥࡀ⌧ࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊC/V1ࠊC/V2 ࡜ C/W ࡟ࡣCT ࡢᙉ࠸ഴྥࡀ⌧ࢀࡓࠋCT ࡜ J ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣࠊᏊ㡢㛗 C ࡜ C/V1 ࡢሙྜࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏊ㡢✀࡟᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊC/V2 ࡜ C/W ࡢሙྜࡣࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏊ㡢✀࡟᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊN ࡜ J ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣ C/V2 ࡜ C/W ࡣJpp ࡢ C/V2 ௨እࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㡯┠࡟᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊN ࡜ CT ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣ C/V2 ࡜ C/W ࡢሙྜࡣ Jss ࡢ C/W ௨እࡍ࡭࡚ࡢ㡯┠࡟᭷ពᕪࡀࡳࡽࢀࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊC/V2 ࡜ C/W ࡟ࡣࠊJ ࠾ࡼࡧ N ࡜␗࡞ࡿࠊCT ࡢ⊂⮬ࡢഴྥࡀᙉ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋC/W ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ W ࡀ V2 ࡟኱ࡁࡃᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊC/V2 ࡣ CT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ཯ᫎࡍࡿ㡯┠ࡔ࡜ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡿࠋ⾲ 5 ࡜⾲ 6 ࢆ࠶ࢃࡏࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡣᙉ࠸ഴྥࡀ≉࡟ࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊಁ㡢ㄒ࡟ࡣ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ⾲ࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢ≉ᚩࡣᏊ㡢ࡢ᫬㛫㛗࡜ಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊಁ㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࡟࠶ࡿ࡜᥎ㄽ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ⥆ࡅ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ≉ᚩࡀ᭱ࡶ཯ᫎࡉࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㡯┠ C/V2 ࢆヲࡋࡃ⪃ᐹࡍ
ࡿࠋᅗ 3 ࡣࠊJkk ࢆ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊJࠊNࠊCT ࡢ C/V2 ࡢศᕸࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
9᱇㞹C(ঈս ˖m s嚀

1&7V2(ঈս˖ms ˅ᅗ 3㸸Jkk ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ JࠊNࠊCT ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸ ᅗ 3 ࢆぢࡿ࡜ࠊJ ࡜ CT ࡢ⦪㍈ C ࡢ್ࡣ㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡀከ࠸ࡀࠊᶓ㍈ V2 ࡢ್ࡣࠊCT ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀࠊᩘ್ࡀ኱ࡁࡃࠊJ ࡢᩘ್࡜࡯࡜ࢇ࡝㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࡞࠾ࠊ JࠊCT ࡣ࡯ࡰ㔜࡞ࡽ࡞࠸⠊ᅖ࡟ศᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊศᕸࡢᙧࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏆ఝ┤⥺ࢆᘬࡃ࡜ࠊ୧⪅࡜ࡶྑୖࡢ᪉ྥ࡬ᣦࡍࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ⦪㍈ࡢ C ್࡜ᶓ㍈ࡢ V2 ್ࡢ୰࡛࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࢆఙࡤࡍ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ௚᪉ࡶ୍ᐃࡢ๭ྜ࡛ఙࡧࡿ࡜࠸࠺ഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋN ࡢ⠊ᅖࡣ J ࢆໟࢇ࡛࠾ࡾࠊCT ࡜㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡶከ࠸ࡀࠊJ ࠾ࡼࡧ CT ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿࣃࢱ࣮࡛ࣥศᕸࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊJ ࠾ࡼࡧ CT ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ഴྥࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊCT ࡢ V2 ࡣJ ࡼࡾ㛗࠸ࡀࠊC ࡜ V2 ࡢ㛗▷㛵ಀࢆฎ⌮ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀఝ࡚࠸ࡿࠋN ࡣ J ࡜ᩘ್ࡀ㏆ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊC࡜ V2 ࡢ㛵ಀࢆฎ⌮ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ㐪࠺ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟ᐈほⓗ࡟ C ࡜ V2 ࡢ㛵ಀࢆぢࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᅗ 3 ࡢ Jkk ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ JࠊNࠊCT ࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ C ࡜ V2 ࡢ㛫ࡢ┦㛵ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊJ ࡣ r=0.459ࠊN ࡣ r=-0.002ࠊCT ࡣ r=0.627 ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊJ ࡜ CT ࡣ 0.4㸺|㹰|ӌ0.7 ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊC ࡜ V2 ࡢ㛫࡟ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋN ࡣ 0㸺|
㹰|ӌ0.2 ࡜࠸࠺༊㛫࡟࠶ࡾࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝┦㛵ࡀࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡶ๓㏙ࡢศᯒࢆᨭᣢࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊJ ࡜ CT ࡣ C ࡜ V2 ࡢ୰࡛࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࢆఙࡤࡍ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ௚᪉ࡶ୍ᐃࡢ๭ྜ࡛ఙࡧࡿ࡜࠸࠺ഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊN ࡣࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓഴྥࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࠊ࡞ࡐ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜㐪࠺ฎ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ CTkk ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸࢆ Jkk ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࠋ⤖ᯝࡣᅗ 4 ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ10ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)C (ঈս ˖ms 嚀

ƹ&7NN
ƽ-NNV2(ঈս˖ms ˅ᅗ 4㸸CT ࡢ Jkk ࡜ CTkk ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸCTkk ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸࡣࠊ⦪㍈ࡢ C ್࡜ᶓ㍈ࡢ V2 ್ࡢ୰࡛࡝ࡕࡽ࠿ࢆఙࡤࡍ࡜ࠊ௚᪉ࡶ୍ᐃࡢ๭ྜ࡛ఙࡧࡿ࡜࠸࠺ഴྥࢆࠊࡼࡾ㞟୰ⓗࠊ᫂☜ⓗ࡟♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋCTkk ࡜ Jkk ࡢ C࣭V2 ࡢศᕸࡣ㔜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ศࡀከࡃࠊJkk ࡣ࡯ࡰ CTkk ࢆྵࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊศᕸ⠊ᅖࡢᙧࡶ㠀ᖖ࡟ఝ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㏆ఝ┤⥺ࡶ㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋCTkk ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ C ࡜ V2 ࡢ㛫ࡢ┦㛵ಀᩘࢆồࡵࡿ࡜ࠊr=0.724 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㧗࠸ṇࡢ┦㛵ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀಁ㡢ㄒࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࠊC ࡜ V2 ࡢ㛗▷㛵ಀࢆฎ⌮ࡍࡿ᪉ἲࡀ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜␗࡞ࡿཎᅉࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀධኌ㡩ᑿࡢฎ⌮᪉ἲࢆ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜᥎ㄽ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᶓ㍈ V2 ࡢ༊㛫ࡣࠊ୧⪅ࡀ࡯ࡰྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࢆධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᚋ⥆㡢⠇ࡢẕ㡢㛗ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ఙࡤࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢⏕ᡂࡣࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᖸ΅ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡼ࠺ࠋ

4.2 ẕ㡢㛗࠿ࡽࡢ⪃ᐹ
4.1 ࡛ࡣࠊᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆᏊ㡢㛗ࡢ㠃࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡋࡓࡀࠊᮏ⠇࡛ࡣ๓ᚋẕ㡢㛗ࡢ㠃࠿ࡽ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ ኱῝࡯࠿(2005)࡛ࡣࠊ่⃭ㄒࠕ㌿ᐷࠖ࡜ࠕḷࡗࡓࡡࠖࡢᏊ㡢㒊ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗ࡉࢆ⊂❧࡟ఙ⦰ࡋࡓ 4 ࡘࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆࠊ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ᩥࠕḟࡣࠊ    ࠊࡽࡋ࠸࡛ࡍࠖ࡟ᤄධࡋ࡚ࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡈ࡜࡟Ꮚ㡢㒊ࡢ↓㡢༊㛫ࢆ㝈ᐃࡋࡓ⠊ᅖ࡛ 10ms ࡎࡘኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓ่⃭ 6 ✀㢮ࢆసࡗ࡚▱ぬᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ4 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢಁ㡢ุ᩿ቃ⏺್ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ LS㸺SS㸺LLӌSL ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜㏙࡭࡚
࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ(LS)ࡀ୍␒ಁ㡢࡟⪺ࡇ࠼ࡸࡍࡃࠊඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢୧᪉▷࠸ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ(SS)ࡀ஧␒┠࡟ಁ㡢࡟⪺ࡇ࠼ࡸࡍ࠸ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗࠸ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ᭱ࡶಁ㡢࡟⪺ࡇ࠼࡟ࡃ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡀ➼ࡋࡅࢀࡤࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗࠸࡜ಁ㡢࡟⪺ࡇ࠼ࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ11᱇㞹 ኱῝࡯࠿(2005)ࡢࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀ㠀ಁ㡢࡜ಁ㡢ࢆᘚูࡍࡿ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀ࠿ࡾࡢ 1 ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ 4.1 ⠇࠿ࡽࢃ࠿ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿಁ㡢ࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡶࡗ࡜ࡶ཯ᫎࡍࡿࡢࡣࠊᏊ㡢ࡢ᫬㛫㛗࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊẕ㡢ࡢ᫬㛫㛗࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡑࢀࡽࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼࡚ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࠊ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆẚ㍑ࡋࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡿࠋ ࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊJࠊNࠊCT3 ⩌ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆࠊᅗ 5 ࠿ࡽᅗ7 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ

ᅗ 5㸸J ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2     ᅗ 6㸸N ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2

ᅗ 7㸸CT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗࠸࠿▷࠸࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ኱῝࡯࠿(2005)ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋุ࡚᩿ࡍࡿࠋ኱῝࡯࠿(2005)
ࡀసᡂࡋࡓ่⃭ㄒ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊఙ㛗ࡋࡓඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢(L)ࡣ 115ms ⛬ᗘࠊ▷⦰ࡋࡓඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢(S)ࡣ 85ms ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ✏ࡣᅗ 5 ࠿ࡽᅗ 7 ࡟♧ࡍẕ㡢㛗ࢆ኱῝ࡢ L ࠿ S ࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡵ࡚ࠊ4 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢ୰ࡢ࡝ࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿ࠿ࢆぢࡿࠋ ࡲࡎᅗ 5 ࡟♧ࡋࡓᩘ್ࢆぢࡿࠋ๓㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊከࡃࡢඛ⾜◊✲(⚟஭ 1978˗㧗⏣ 1985˗኱῝ 2003)
࠿ࡽࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊಁ㡢ㄒࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡼࡾࠊಁ㡢࡟ඛ⾜ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡀ㛗ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ࡍࡿẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᅗ 5 ࢆぢࡿ࡜௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡣ᏶඲࡟ඛ⾜12ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗ࡃᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀ▷࠸࡜࠸࠺ࢃࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊV1 ࡜ V2 ࡢ㛫࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᕪࡣࡳࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡉࡽ
࡟ࠊV1ࠊV2 ࡜ࡶᩘ್ࡀᑠࡉࡃࠊ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ 85ms ࡟࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊ௒ᅇࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡢ J ࡢᩥ୰ಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࢆ኱῝࡯࠿(2005)ࡢ 4 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࡟ᙜ࡚ࡣࡵࡿ࡜ࠊSS ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿࠋ ḟ࡟ࠊᅗ 6 ࡢ N ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡟ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ᕪࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊV1࣭V2 ࡢ㛫࡟㛗▷ᕪࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡣ⪃࠼࡟ࡃ࠸ࠋ◚⿣ಁ㡢 pࠊtࠊk ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1ࠊV2 ࡢᩘ್࠿ࡽࡳࡿ࡜ࠊSS࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊLL ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃࠊSS ࡜ LL ࡢ୰㛫࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋᦶ᧿ಁ㡢 s ࡢሙྜࡣࠊLL ࡟ヱᙜࡍࡿࠋ ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊᅗ 7 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊCT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡟ࡣ JࠊN ࡜ࡶ␗࡞ࡿ≉ᚩࡀ⾲ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᏊ㡢ࡢ✀㢮࡛ V2 ࡢ࡯࠺ࡀ V1 ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ࡟㛗࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡣ SL ࡢࣃࢱ࣮࡛ࣥ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒࡣࠊJࠊN ࡜␗࡞ࡾࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀࡓࡔ㛗࠸ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ࡟㛗࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡀ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ4.1 ࡛ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࢆධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ᚋ⥆ࡍࡿ㡢⠇ࡢẕ㡢㛗ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢᙳ㡪ࡣࡲࡔ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ
ࡑࢀࡺ࠼ࠊᅗ 7 ࢆ CT ࡢධኌㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡿᅗ 8 ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀධኌ㡩ᑿ࡜࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ

ᅗ 7㸸CT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2ᅗ 8㸸CT ࡢධኌㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V24ẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᅗ 8 ࡢ V1࣭V2 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᅗ 7 ࡜㠀ᖖ࡟㢮ఝࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋCT ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣධኌㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡢ㛵ಀ࡜ఝ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ୧⪅࡜ࡶ V2 ࡀ V1ࡼࡾ㢧ⴭ࡟㛗࠸࡜࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ⾜ẕ㡢࡜ᚋ⥆㡢⠇ࡢẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣࠊCT ࡢಁ㡢࡜ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡟ SL ࡟࠶ࡓࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣಁ㡢ࢆㄪ㡢ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗▷ࢆࠊධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࡜ྠᵝ࡟ㄪ㡢ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

5. ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ᮏ✏ࡣࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩࢆ᥈ࡾࠊᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ

4CT ࡢ㠀ධኌㄒ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ V1࣭V2 ࡶほᐹࡋࡓࡀࠊࡑ࠺࠸ࡗࡓഴྥࡣ⌧ࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
13᱇㞹㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ㡢㡪ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋࡓಁ㡢࡜ᑐ↷ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ୰ᅜ໭᪉᪉ゝẕㄒヰ⪅࡜ᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࢆẚ㍑
ࡋ࡚ࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢࡟࠾ࡅࡿධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡢᵝ┦ࢆศᯒࡋࡓࠋᮏ✏ࡣᏊ㡢㛗࡜ඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗࡟╔┠ࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿಁ㡢࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⊂⮬ࡢ≉ᚩࡣᏊ㡢㛗࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡣධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆཷࡅࠊಁ㡢ࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࡟ධኌ㡩ᑿࡢඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢࡜ྠᵝࡢࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ౑⏝ࡋࠊ≉࡟ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࢆఙࡤࡋࡓ≉ᚩⓗ࡞Ⓨ㡢ࢆࡍࡿഴྥࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊಁ㡢ࡢᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡀ㛗࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ᪥ᮏㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡀᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢ᪥ᮏㄒࢆ▱ぬࡍࡿ㝿࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟୙⮬↛ࡉࡀ࠶ࡿ࠿ࡣ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢⅬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ࡉࡽ࡟▱ぬᐇ㦂➼ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ

࠙ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚ
⚟஭ㄔ஧(1978)ࠕ᪥ᮏㄒࡢ㛢㙐㡢ࡢᘏ㛗࣭▷⦰࡟ࡼࡿಁ㡢࣭㠀ಁ㡢࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⫈ྲྀࠖࠗ㡢ኌᏛ఍఍ሗ࠘ 159:9-12.
Hirata, Y. (2007) “Durational Variability and Invariance in Japanese Stop Quantity Distinction: Roles of Adjacent
Vowels” Journal of the Phonetic Society of Japan. 11(1): 9-22.
᱇㞹(2012)ࠗᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᫬㛫㛗ࡢ≉ᚩ―ධኌ㡩ᑿ࡟ࡼࡿᖸ΅ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ࡚―࠘⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ேᩥ♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ(ᮍබห).
ᮤᩗῄ(2007)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢ㡢㡪ⓗᡭࡀ࠿ࡾ࡜Ⓨヰ㏿ᗘ࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࠖࠗ㡢ኌ◊✲࠘11(1): 71-81.
ᮤḠ(2014)ࠕᗈᮾㄒࢆẕㄒ࡜ࡍࡿ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜▱ぬ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ゝㄒᩥ໬◊✲⛉᪥ᮏㄒ࣭᪥ᮏᩥ໬ᑓᨷ⦅ࠗ᪥ᮏㄒ࣭᪥ᮏᩥ໬◊✲࠘24: 69-80.
኱῝ᝋᏊ(2003)ࠕಁ㡢/tt/ࡢ▱ぬ㸸࢔ࢡࢭࣥࢺᆺ࡜ಁ㡢࣭㠀ಁ㡢ㄒࡢ㡢㡪ⓗ≉ᚩ࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࠖࠗ㡢ኌ◊✲࠘
7(1): 70-76.
኱῝ᝋᏊ࣭᳃ᗤᏊ࣭᱒㇂⁠(2005)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢ▱ぬ࡟ᑐࡍࡿඛ⾜࣭ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢㛗ࡢᙳ㡪ࠖࠗ㡢ኌ◊✲࠘9(2): 59-65.
ᮡᒣኴ㑻(1988)ࠕ ධኌ㡩ᑿࢆࡶࡘ᪥ᮏㄒᏛ⩦⪅࡬ࡢಁ㡢ࡢᣦᑟࠖࠗ᫂ᫍ኱Ꮫ◊✲⣖せ(ேᩥᏛ㒊)࠘24: 73-81.
㧗⏣ṇ἞(1985)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢㄪ㡢ୖࡢ≉ᚩ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ
ࠗᅜ❧ᅜㄒ◊✲ᡤሗ࿌ 83 ◊✲ሗ࿌㞟 6࠘17-40. ⚽ⱥฟ∧.
Ώ㒊┿୍㑻࣭ᖹ⸨ᬸኵ(1985)ࠕ ஧㡢⠇࡟࠾ࡅࡿ↓ኌ◚⿣㡢࡜ಁ㡢ࡢุ᩿ቃ⏺࡜ඛ⾜ẕ㡢ࡢ㛗ࡉࡢ㛵ಀࠖࠗ㡢ኌゝㄒ࠘Ϩ: 1-8.
Ώ㒊┿୍㑻࣭ᖹ⸨ᬸኵ(1987)ࠕಁ㡢ࡢ▱ぬ࡜ᚋ⥆ẕ㡢ࡢᣢ⥆᫬㛫࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࠖࠗ㡢ኌゝㄒ࠘ϩ: 99-106.
ᶘ䇾ே(2006)“⢚᪉ゝ༊᪥䈝ᏛҐ⪅ⓗሰ㡢ᣢ㜼ᰦ䮯◊✲”ࠓ⧠௦እ䈝(Ꮨห)ࠔ29(1): 29-36.
ᙇ፣᫂(2011)ࠗᗈᮾㄒẕㄒヰ⪅ࡢಁ㡢ࡢ▱ぬ࡜⏕ᡂ㸸ᗈᮾㄒࡢධኌ(࡟ࡗࡋࡻ࠺)࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟࠘᪩✄⏣኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔᪥ᮏㄒᩍ⫱◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥᴫせ.

14ᐇ㦂㡢ኌᏛ࣭ゝㄒᏛ◊✲㸦Research in Experimental Phonetics and Linguistics㸧10: 1-15 (2018)

A research on Articulation of Japanese Geminate Stop by nativeChinese speakers:
Through the comparison of native northern Chinese dialect
speakers and native Cantonese speakers
Wen GUI͊

This study aims to explore the acoustic features of Japanese geminate stop articulated by the native Cantonese
speakers, and to reveal the condition of interference from the aspect of the entering consonant of Cantonese.
Through doing a recording experiment, while comparing the Japanese geminate stop pronounced by native Japanese speakers with the Japanese geminate stop pronounced by native Cantonese speakers and native northernChinese dialect speakers, the author analyzes the interference of the entering consonant in Japanese geminate stopof native Cantonese speakers based on the experimental results from aspects of the duration time of vowels andconsonants.
The experimental results reveal that the acoustic features of Japanese geminate stop art iculated by native Cantonese speakers are not reflected in the consonants but in the vowels. While dealing with the pattern of preceding
vowels and subsequent vowels of Japanese geminate stop, the native Cantonese speakers are affected by the entering consonant of Cantonese. Therefore, they tend to use a pattern very similar to Cantonese. Especially for thesubsequent vowels, the native Cantonese speakers get accustomed to lengthening them.

͊Doctoral Program in Literature and Linguistics,
Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences,
University of Tsukuba.
Email:s1130025@u.tsukuba.ac.jp

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