HFC-23 (Penoncello, Lemmon, Jacobsen, and Shan)
1

Temperature Scale
International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90)

2

Libraries and Single Shot Programs
Library for UNIX
Library for Windows
Single shot program for UNIX
Single shot program for Windows

3

Fundamental Constants
Molecular formula
Molar mass
Gas constantCritical temperature
Critical pressure
Critical specific volume
Triple-point temperature
Triple-point pressure4

libdr23.adr23.lib/ dr23.dll
dr23-ss
dr23-ss.exe

CHF3
M = 70.0139 g/mol
R = 118.7547 J/(kg·K)
Tc = 299.2930 K (26.1430˚C)
Pc = 4.8320 MPa
vc = 0.001899 m3 /kg
Tt = 118.020 K (−155.130˚C)
Pt = 0.0581 Pa

Reference State
The specific enthalpy and the specific entropy of the saturated liquid at 273.15 K are 200 J/kg and
1.0 J/(kg·K), respectively.

5Valid Range of Equation of State
Upper limit of temperature
Lower limit of temperature
Upper limit of pressure

6Tmax = 475 K
Tmin = 118.020 K
Pmax = 120 MPa

References
Equation of state and Melting pressure:
S. G. Penoncello, E. W. Lemmon, R. T. Jacobsen, and Z. Shan, A Fundamental Equation for Trifluoromethane (R-23), J. Phys. Chem. Eng. Data, 32, 4, pp.1473-1499, (2003).
Transport properties:
The current version of this library has not supported the calculation of the transport properties yet.

1

7

Available Functions and Valid Range of Parameters

All functions listed below have the return value and argument(s) in single precision. The functions withthe return value and argument(s) in double precision begin with ”D” prefix, for instance, double precisionfunctions corresponding to PST and HPT in single precision are DPST and DHPT, respectively.
Function
AIPPT(P, T )AJTPT(P, T )AKPD(P )AKPDD(P )AKPT(P, T )AKTD(T )AKTDD(T )ALAPP(P )ALAPT(T )ALHP(P )ALHT(T )ALMPD(P )ALMPDD(P )ALMPT(P, T )ALMTD(T )ALMTDD(T )AMUPD(P )AMUPDD(P )AMUPT(P, T )AMUTD(T )AMUTDD(T )BPPT(P, T )BSPT(P, T )BTPT(P, T )BVPT(P, T )CPPD(P )CPPDD(P )CPPT(P, T )CPTD(T )CPTDD(T )Return value and Argument(s)N/AAJTPT: Joule-Thomson coefficient [K/Pa]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
AKPD: Isentropic exponent of saturated liquid [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]
AKPDD: Isentropic exponent of saturated vapor [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]AKPT: Isentropic exponent [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
AKTD: Isentropic exponent of saturated liquid [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
AKTDD: Isentropic exponent of saturated vapord [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
N/A
N/A
ALHP: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]ALHT: Latent Heat of Vaporization [J/kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
BPPT: Volumetric coefficient of expansion [1/K]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
BSPT: Isentropic compressibility [1/Pa]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
BTPT: Isothermal compressibility [1/Pa]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
BVPT: Pressure coefficient [1/K]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
CPPD: Isobaric heat capacity of saturated liquid [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]
CPPDD: Isobaric heat capacity of saturated vapor [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]CPPT: Isobaric heat capacity [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
CPTD: Isobaric heat capacity of saturated liquid [J/(kg·K)]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
CPTDD: Isobaric heat capacity of saturated vapor [J/(kg·K)]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]

2Valid range of argument(s)Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc

P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc

Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc

Function
CRP(A)

CVPD(P )CVPDD(P )CVPT(P, T )CVTD(T )CVTDD(T )EPSPD(P )EPSPDD(P )EPSPT(P, T )EPSTD(T )EPSTDD(T )FC(A)GAMPD(P )GAMPDD(P )GAMPT(P, T )GAMTD(T )GAMTDD(T )HPD(P )HPDD(P )HPS(P, S)

HPT(P, T )HPX(P, X)

HTD(T )HTDD(T )HTX(T, X)

IDENTF(A)PLDT(T )PMLT(T )PRPD(P )Return value and Argument(s)CRP: Critical Constants
A = 0 H0 : specific enthalpy, 280.970 kJ/kg
A = 0 P0 : pressure, 4.8320 MPa ( 48.320 bar)A = 0 S0 : specific entropy, 1.2697 kJ/(kg·K)
A = 0 T0 : temperature, 299.2930 K (26.1430˚C)
A = 0 V0 : specific volume, 0.001899 m3 /kg
CVPD: Isochoric heat capacity of saturated liquid [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]CVPDD: Isochoric heat capacity of saturated vapor [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]CVPT: Isochoric heat capacity [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
CVTD: Isochoric heat capacity of saturated liquid [J/(kg·K)]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
CVTDD: Isochoric heat capacity of saturated vapor [J/(kg·K)]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
FC: Fundamental constants
A = 0 M0 : Molar mass, 70.0139 g/mol
A = 0 R0 : Gas constant, 118.7547 J/(kg·K)
GAMPD: Heat capacity ratio of saturated liquid [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]GAMPDD: Heat capacity ratio of saturated vapor [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]GAMPT: Heat capacity ratio [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
GAMTD: Heat capacity ratio of saturated liquid [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
GAMTDD: Heat capacity ratio of saturated vapor [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
HPD: Specific enthalpy of saturated liquid [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]HPDD: Specific enthalpy of saturated vapor [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]HPS: Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K]
HPT: Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
HPX: Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness fraction [-]HTD: Specific enthalpy of saturated liquid [J/kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
HTDD: Specific enthalpy of saturated vapor [J/kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
HTX: Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
X: Dryness fraction [-]IDENTF : Package Identification (CHARACTER*20)
A = 0 C0 : Molecular formula, CHF3
A = 0 S0 : Substance name, HFC-23 (R23)
A = 0 V0 : Version number, 13.1
N/A
PMLT: Pressure on melting curve [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
N/A

3

Valid range of argument(s)’H’, ’P’, ’S’, ’T’, and ’V’

P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc

’M’ and ’R’

P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
SPT(P, Tt )≤ S ≤ SPT(P, Tmax )Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0’C’, ’S’, and ’V’

Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax

Function
PRPDD(P )PRPT(P, T )PRTD(T )PRTDD(T )PSBT(T )PST(T )PSTD(T )PSTDD(T )SIGP(P )SIGT(T )SPD(P )SPDD(P )SPT(P, T )SPX(P, X)

STD(T )STDD(T )STX(T, X)

TLDP(P )TMLP(P )TPH(P, H)

TPH2(P, H)
TPS(P, S)

TPS2(P, S)
TPSEUP(P )TPV(P, V )TRPL(A)

TSBP(P )TSP(P )
TSPD(P )TSPDD(P )UPD(P )UPDD(P )UPS(P, S)

UPT(P, T )UPX(P, X)

Return value and Argument(s)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/AN/A
PST: Saturation pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
SPD: Specific entropy of saturated Liquid [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]SPDD: Specific entropy of saturated vapor [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]SPT: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
SPX: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness fraction [-]STD: Specific entropy of saturated liquid [J/(kg·K)]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
STDD: Specific entropy of saturated vapor [J/(kg·K)]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
STX: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
X: Dryness fraction [-]N/A
TMLP: Temperature on melting-line [K], [˚C]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]TPH: Temperature [K], [˚C]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]H: Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
N/A
TPS: Temperature [K], [˚C]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
N/A
N/ATPV: Temperature [K], [˚C]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]V : Specific volume [m3 /kg]
TRPL: Properties at Triple Point
A = 0 P0 : Pressure, 0.0581 KPa
A = 0 T0 : Temperature, 118.020 K (−155.130 ˚C)
N/A
TSP: Saturation temperature [K], [˚C]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]N/A
N/A
UPD: Specific internal energy of saturated liquid [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]UPDD: Specific internal energy of saturated vapor [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]UPS: Specific internal energy [J/kg]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
UPT: Specific internal energy [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
UPX: Specific internal energy [J/kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness fraction [-]4

Valid range of argument(s)Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc

P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0

Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
HPT(P, Tt )≤ H ≤ HPT(P, Tmax )Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
SPT(P, Tt )≤ S ≤ SPT(P, Tmax )Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
VPT(P, Tt )≤ V ≤ VPT(P, Tmax )’P’ and ’T’

P t ≤ P ≤ Pc

P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
SPT(P, Tt )≤ S ≤ SPT(P, Tmax )Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0

Function
UTD(T )UTDD(T )UTX(T, X)

VPD(P )VPDD(P )VPS(P, S)

VPT(P, T )VPX(P, X)

VTD(T )VTDD(T )VTX(T, X)

WPD(P )WPDD(P )WPT(P, T )WTD(T )WTDD(T )XPH(P, H)

XPS(P, S)

XPU(P, U )XPV(P, V )XTH(T, H)

XTS(T, S)XTU(T, U )XTV(T, V )Return value and Argument(s)UTD: Specific internal energy of saturated liquid [J/kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
UTDD: Specific internal energy of saturated vapor [J/kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
UTX: Specific internal energy [J/kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
X: Dryness fraction [-]VPD: Specific volume of saturated liquid [m3 /kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]VPDD: Specific volume of saturated vapor [m3 /kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]VPS: Specific volume [m3 /kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
VPT: Specific volume [m3 /kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
VPX: Specific volume [m3 /kg]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]
X: Dryness fraction [-]VTD: Specific volume of saturated liquid [m3 /kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
VTDD: Specific volume of saturated vapor [m3 /kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
VTX: Specific volume [m3 /kg]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
X: Dryness fraction [-]WPD: Sound speed in saturated liquid [m/s]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]WPDD: Sound speed in saturated vapor [m/s]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]WPT: Sound speed [m/s]
P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
WTD: Sound speed in saturated liquid [m/s]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
WTDD: Sound speed in saturated vapor [m/s]
T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
XPH: Dryness Fraction [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]H: Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
XPS: Dryness Fraction [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]S: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
XPU: Dryness Fraction [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]U : Specific internal energy [J/kg]
XPV: Dryness Fraction [-]P : Pressure [Pa], [bar]V : Specific volume [m3 /kg]
XTH: Dryness Fraction [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
H: Specific enthalpy [J/kg]
XTS: Dryness Fraction [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
S: Specific entropy [J/(kg·K)]
XTU: Dryness Fraction [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
U : Specific internal energy [J/kg]
XTV: Dryness Fraction [-]T : Temperature [K], [˚C]
V : Specific volume [m3 /kg]

5

Valid range of argument(s)Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
SPT(P, Tt )≤ S ≤ SPT(P, Tmax )Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
0 ≤ X ≤ 1.0
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
Pt ≤ P ≤ Pmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tmax
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
HPD(P ) ≤ H ≤ HPDD(P )P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
SPD(P ) ≤ S ≤ SPDD(P )P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
UPD(P ) ≤ U ≤ UPDD(P )P t ≤ P ≤ Pc
VPD(P ) ≤ V ≤ VPDD(P )Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
HTD(T ) ≤ H ≤ HTDD(T )Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
STD(T ) ≤ S ≤ STDD(T )Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
UTD(T ) ≤ U ≤ UTDD(T )Tt ≤ T ≤ Tc
VTD(T ) ≤ V ≤ VTDD(T )