节约优先，效率为本
Save energy and Improveenergy efficiency
中国物资节能中心
Materials Energy Conservation Center, China
徐培新
Xu Peixin
2007-06-19

§1.节约优先，效率为本是解决
中国能源问题的根本途径
The fundamental means to address theproblem with energy in China is to saveenergy and to improve energy efficiency.

1、调整结构节能：通过不断优化经济结构，建立节约型的国民经济体系。
要努力提高低耗能的第三产业和高技术产业在国民经济中的比重；要推进工业结构优化升级，调整原材料工业结构和布局，提高产品质量和技术含
量和产业集中度。

1. To save energy by adjusting the economic structure: China should
continue to optimize her economic structure and to construct a national
economic system of the energy-saving type. China should increase theratio of the 3rd industry and hi-tech industry in her national economy,
because these are all low energy-consuming industries; China should
also update her industrial structure, adjust the structure and distribution ofher raw material industry, as well as improve the product quality,
technical contents and industrial concentration.

2、技术进步节能：大力支持节能重点项目，加快应用高技术和先
进适用技术改造提升传统产业；加快淘汰高耗能行业的落后生产能
力、工艺装备和产品。

2. Energy-saving by technical progress: China should support key
energy-saving projects, accelerate her step to innovate andupgrade her traditional industries with hi-tech and advancedapplication techniques; and should also accelerate her step toweed out backward production force, technical equipment andproducts.

3、加强节能管理：建立节能目标责任和评价考核制度，把降低能耗的指标分解落实；加强重点耗能行业和企业的节能管理，实施十大重点节能
工程，抓好千家高耗能企业的节能工作；完善能效标识管理和节能产品
认证制度

3. Intensify management over energy-saving: China should set up “thetarget responsibility” and “the appraisal and testing system” to executethe targets of lowering energy consumption by breaking them up; China
should intensify her management over key energy-consuming
industries and enterprises. Mainly, we will implement 10 key energysaving projects to administer the energy-saving works of over 1000
energy-consuming enterprises. China should also complete her
management over energy efficiency signs and the attestation system ofenergy-saving products.

4、深化改革节能：加快资源性产品价格的市场化改革，形成有利于节约、能够反映稀缺程度的价格形成机制；加大财税政策对节能的支持，加快制
定《节能产品目录》，对生产和使用目录中的产品，给予一定的优惠；实施节能产品政府强制性采购政策。

4. Saving energy by deepening the reform: China should accelerate her
reform in the pricing of resources and construct a mechanism that isbeneficial for energy-saving and a mechanism reflecting the rarity ofresources; China should intensify her financial and tax support forenergy-saving, accelerate her step in compiling the “Energy-saving
Product Catalogue”, and should grant favors for those who manufacture
and use the products in the catalogue; and China should also implement
compulsory policies for procurement of energy-saving products.

5、强化法治节能：将节能的重要措施和先进经验上升为法律，进一步完
善节能法律法规体系和相关的标准体系，重点做好《节约能源法》的修订工作，制定和完善高耗能设备的能效标准以及主要耗能行业的节能设计规范。

5. Reinforcing energy-saving by law: China should change importantenergy-saving measures and experiences into laws to further complete
the legal system and relevant standard systems. The focus should be on
the compilation of the “Energy-saving Law”, and attention must also bepaid to the establishment of the energy efficiency standard for energyconsuming equipment and the energy-saving design code for majorenergy-consuming industries.

6、全民参与节能：增强公众的能源忧患意识和节约意识，进一步加大宣传力度，使“节约光荣、浪费可耻”的社会氛围更加浓厚。

6. National participation in energy-saving: China should
enhance the awareness of the general public on resources andenergy-saving. China must intensify her preaching andcultivate a social atmosphere of “honoring those who saveenergy and condemning those who waste energy”.

§2 . 工业节能Industrial Energy Conservation

工业节能
1、更新改造低效工业锅炉（窑炉）：制订、修订锅炉（窑炉）节能
设计标准，提高燃煤质量，加强设备运行管理，采用节能锅炉（窑炉）及技术替代和改造低效锅炉（窑炉）；1. Renew and innovate low efficient industrial boilers (furnaces):
China should compile and revise her boiler (furnace) energy-saving
design standard, enhance the quality of fuel coals, intensify
management over equipment operations, adopt energy-saving
boilers (furnaces) and technique to replace and innovate low
efficient boilers (furnaces);2、余热余压利用：在冶金、建材、化工等高耗能行业，改造和建设余热发电、压差发电、副产可燃气体和低热值气体回收利用等余热余压余能利用装置和设备；

2. Exploit of afterheat and after-pressure: in energy-consuming
industries such as 冶金, construction materials and chemicalindustries, China should innovate and reconstruct after-heat andafter-pressure reusing facilities and devices such as generation
by after-heat, generation by pressure difference, by-productflammable gas and low-value gas recycling etc.

3、电机系统节能：更新改造低效电动机及高耗能设备，对大中
型变工况电机系统进行调速改造，对电机系统被拖动设备进行节
能改造；

3. Energy-saving in motors: China should innovate low efficient
motors and energy-consuming equipment, and conduct speedadjusting modification to large and mid-sized exchange work
electric-machine system, and conduct energy-saving innovation
for the dragged equipment of the motor system;

4、能量系统优化：如钢铁行业建立连铸连轧系统等节能工程，推广干法熄焦等节能技术；

4. Optimization of the energy system: for example, in the steel
industry, China should construct energy-saving projects such ascontinuous casting and rolling system and should also
popularize techniques such as dry process quenching;5、完善能源计量仪器仪表：用能单位应当按照规定配备和使用经计量技术机构检定合格的能源计量器具，对各类能源的消耗实行分类计量。

5. Consummate measurement meters and instrumentations: Energy
using units should equip and use measuring devices that have beencalibrated as quality by relevant measurement authorities and should
conduct measurement for all types of energy consumption based on
their classification.

§3. 国际合作International Cooperation

任何一个国家的经济发展和人民生活的改善，都离不开能源，大量使用能源造成的气候变化，已经对人类生存的空间造成了威胁。节约能源、提高能源效率、开发利用太阳能、风能等新能源是缓解气候变化的重要措施。
Neither economic development of any country nor improvement ofpeople’s life can do without energy sources. Climate change arisen
from great use of energy sources has threatened living space of humanbeings. Important measures to relieve climate change include energy
conservation, energy efficiency improvement, development andutilization of solar energy and wind energy, etc..

中国将节能作为保障能源安全、发展经济和保护环境的基本政策，
正在全面实施能源节约规划。中国在节能领域积极开展国际交流与合作，与许多国家的政府部门，国际机构和非政府组织进行广泛的节能项目合作以及人员和信息交流。
In China, energy conservation is taken as the fundamental policy ofsafeguarding energy sources, developing economy and protecting
environment, and planning of energy conservation is being in fulloperation. China is actively carrying on international exchange andcooperation in the field of energy conservation, and conducting broadcooperation on energy conservation project and exchange of personnel
and information with governmental departments of many countries,
international bodies and non-governmental organizations.

日本节能技术先进、管理经验丰富，能源利用效率处于国际领先水平。加强中日两国在能源领域的互惠合作，不仅能够为两国，也将为东亚乃至世界的能源安全作出贡献。
With advanced technology of energy conservation and abundant
experiences in management, Japan ranks the international leadinglevel in energy utilization efficiency. It will make a contribution to energy
safety in China, Japan, East Asian and even the world to enhancemutual benefit and cooperation between China and Japan in the field ofenergy sources.

日本经济产业省为中国相关政府部门和机构举办的节能政策培训，介绍了日本在节能和提高能源效率方面的成功经验和有效方法，对中国修订和完善节能法律法规提供了有益的借鉴。今后3年，日本经济产业省还将为中国提供300人次的节能培训，我们期待着学习更多更新的经验和技术。
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) holds energy
conservation policy trainings for relevant governmental departments
and organs of China, in which successful experiences and effective
methods of Japan in energy conservation and energy efficiency
improvement are introduced and helpful references are provided for
China to amend and perfect laws and regulations of energy
conservation. In the next 3 years, the Ministry of Economy, Trade andIndustry (METI) will provide China with 300 man-times of energy
conservation trainings, from which we are expecting to learn more andnewer experiences and technologies.