Institute Laboratory Assessment
Interim Review
Date: 26/2/2010

Masahiko IWASAKI
Advanced Meson Science Laboratory
The Chief Scientist

2010年2月27日土曜日

1

Background - Present
nuclear physics
PhD student

UTmuon science

big leader
T. Yamazaki

student(particle physics)

UT-MSLvigorous leader
K. Nagamine

research associate

staff
sta
lle
d

(atomic physics)( RIKEN-RAL construction )originalp physics@ ASAKUSA

enthusiastic
promoterK. NakaiTI-TechPI

associate professor

TI-Tech(particle physics)

visiting professor
E549,
E549, E570
E570
kaonickaonic nucleus
nucleus searchsearchkaonichelium-4
kaonic helium-4 atom
atom

RIKEN chief scientist
RIKEN-RAL
RIKEN-RAL operation
operation

RNC
inauguration

2010年2月27日土曜日

2

RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science(RNC)
1. Inaugurated in April 2007   (with 80 years of history)

2. Mission1）Promotion of Accelrator-related Science
Nuclear Physics, Particle Physics, Applications

Kaonic Atoms/Nuclei @ J-PARC / DAΦNE
Muon Science @ RIKEN-RAL / J-PARC ?
2）Operation of RI Beam Factory (RIBF)• Most powerful low-energy HI accelerator• Operation started two years ago• Open to the users world-wide   

:Pionic Atoms @ RIBF
In beam Mossbauer @ RIBF
3）International Collaboration• RIKEN-BNL Research Center
Spin physics @ RHIC polarized proton collider• RIKEN RAL Branch
Promotion of muon science  



Cold Muon Generation RIKEN / UT / TITech / KEK / TRIUMF / Tohoku U. / TMU / JAXA
Pulse-Laser driven μSR Yamanashi U. / KEK / UCR / RAL / RIKEN

2010年2月27日土曜日

3Advanced Meson Science Laboratory
nuclear physics
mesonic atoms
mesons in nuclei
Λ in nuclei(atomic physics / nuclear physics)(nuclear physics)(nuclear physics)

muon scienceµCF : muon catalyzed fusion(chemistry / atomic physics / nuclear physics)µSR : muon spin rotation / resonance ...
(condensed matter physics)µA* : muonic atoms (nuclear physics)
cold-µ : muon magnetic microscope / muon g-2(particle physics / atomic physics / condensed matter physics):

Mossbauer:

in-beam M : RI-beam Mossbauer spectroscopy(condensed matter physics)

2010年2月27日土曜日

4Advanced Meson Science Laboratory

nuclear physics

2010年2月27日土曜日

5

Background - Present

original

enthusiastic promoter
K. Nakaifunded 2M$ at age 33!

2010年2月27日土曜日

6nuclear physics (pre-history)
K. Yazaki’s question:

Counts / 62.5 eVCounts / 64.9 eVCounts / 100 eV“Why you cannot resolve kaonic hydrogen puzzle?”
400

Attractive
Bird et al. (1983)

Repulsive
300
200
100

hift K energy(EM only)KK K K 

0150

Izycki et al. (1980)

100
50
K

K K

0
100
Inefficiency due to
Be window

80

Davies et al. (1979)

60
40
20
0

K
2

2010年2月27日土曜日

4

6
8
Energy (keV)

10

12

7

kaonic hydrogen puzzle

PHYSICAL REVIEW D
VOLUME 50
1 AUGUST 1994

THE (1405)

by R.H. Dalitz, Oxford University.......
1000
He & Landau 93

800

Constant Scattering Length
K-Matrix
Potential Model
Cloudy Bag Model
Constituent Quark Model

Veit et al. 85

Izycki et al. 1980

Tanaka & Suzuki 92
Siegel & Saghai 95

600

400
Sakitt et al. 65

Conboy 85
Kim 65
Martin & Ross 70
Martin 81
Dalitz et al. 82
Martin & Sakitt 69
Von Hippel & Kim 68
Kumar & Nogami 80

200

0
-500

0

Shift (eV)

Bird et al. 1983

Hamaie et al . 95
Davies et al. 1979

Width (eV)The present status of the (1405) thus depends heavily
on theoretical arguments, a somewhat unsatisfactory basis fora four-star rating. Nevertheless, there is no known reason to
doubt its existence or quantum numbers. A measurement of
the energy-level shifts and widths for the atomic levels of
kaonic hydrogen (and deuterium) would give a valuable checkon analysis of the (, NK) amplitudes, since the energy of
the K-p atom lies roughly midway between those for the two
sets of data. The three measurement of (E-i/2) for kaonichydrogen are inconsistent with one another and require thatthe sign of Re(AI=0 + AI=1) be opposite that deduced fromNK reaction data (see BATTY 89). Accurate measurementsof (E-i/2) values for kaonic hydrogen are badly needed,
but may not be possible until the KAON factory becomes
operational.

500.......

Kaonic Hydrogen Puzzle!
2010年2月27日土曜日

8kaonic hydrogen formation
Kaonic Atom Formation
1) Initial Capture(n ~ M*/me ~ 25)Ke-

M *= K -p reduced mass-

Auger Electron2) Cascade

x ray emission

K-

X - ray
protonStrong Interaction3) Energy Shift & Width

4) Absorption Reaction
Reaction Channel-

To be observed

Kp

0

0

  etc

Background !

2010年2月27日土曜日

9nuclear physics (pre-history)
How to approach kaonic hydrogen puzzle?
・Background Free

final state tagging

・Gas Target
Stark Free

・Si(Li) in Hydrogen Gas

2010年2月27日土曜日

10

nuclear physics (pre-history)80

Ti fluorescence
Counts / 50 eV

40Counts / 100 eV

60

EEM(K )K

The European Physical Journal C

K

30
20

Volume 15 . Number 1-4 . 2000

10
0

40

Kcomplex(K,K,K,...)

Ti

8
6
7
5
X-ray energy (keV)4THE (1405)
Revised March 1998 by R.H. Dalitz, Oxford University

9

Kcomplex(K,K,K,...).......

From the measurement of 2p  1s x rays from kaonichydrogen, the energy-level shift E and width  of its 1sstate can give us two further constraints on the (, NK)system, at an energy roughly midway between those from thelow-energy hydrogen bubble chamber studies and those fromqR() observations below pK- threshold. IWASAKI 97
have reported the first convincing observation of this x ray,with a good initial estimate:

Background(Quadratic function)

20

5

10
X-ray energy (keV)

1000
He & Landau 93

800

15

Constant Scattering Length
K-Matrix
Potential Model
Cloudy Bag Model
Constituent Quark Model

Veit et al. 85

Siegel & Saghai 95

Width (eV)E  i/2 = (-323 ++ 11) - i(204 + 63 
 104 +
 50) eV. (2)Tanaka & Suzuki 92

Izycki et al. 1980

0

600

400
Sakitt et al. 65

Conboy 85
Kim 65
Martin & Ross 70
Martin 81
Dalitz et al. 82
Martin & Sakitt 69
Von Hippel & Kim 68
Kumar & Nogami 80

200
KpX (E228) Experiment
0-500

2010年2月27日土曜日

0

Shift (eV)

Bird et al. 1983

Davies et al. 1979

Hamaie et al . 95

500

the errors here encompass about half of the predictions madefollowing various analyses and/or models for the in-flight
K-p and sub-threshold qR() data. Better measurements
will be needed to discriminate between the analyses and predictions. ..., perhaps from the DANE storage ring at Frascati,.......
information
vital for our quantitative understanding of the(, NK) system in this region. .....
11

R. Seki, Phys. Rev. C5 (1972) 1196

Dose KN interaction repulsive?

S. Baird et al., Nucl. Phys. A392 (1983) 297
C.J. Batty, Nucl. Phys. A508 (1990) 89c

atom
atom

K
Coulomb
repulsive shift!

nuclear K+ Strong

No! strongly attractive!
2010年2月27日土曜日

12

S.Hirenzaki, Y.Okumura,
H.Toki, E.Oset, and A.Ramos
Phys. Rev. C 61 055205

Optical Model values:
Very small shift (~0 eV)
02/14

2010年2月27日土曜日

S. Hirenzaki, Y. Okumura, H. Toki, E. Oset and A. Ramos Phys. Rev. C 61 (2000)

13

private
communication
Y. Akaishi

2010年2月27日土曜日

14

Success in resolving Kaonic Helium-4
Puzzle by KEK E570

WG71: C. E. Wiegand, R. Pehl, PRL27, 1410 (1971)
BT79: C. J. Batty, et al., NPA326, 455 (1979)
BR83: S. Baird, et al., NPA392, 297 (1983)

self trigger forcalibrationelectric K x-rays

Kaon trigger for
K 4He X-rays

kaonic L x-rays: Global fitting((!$'

0-2'23).33-*: SU(3) Chiral unitary model(%'(1.(-00/-0)/---*: Consideration for nonlinearly
density dependence (~0.4 eV
as the lowest)
('#")/--1*: Coupled-Channel model(' -0)/--0*

2010年2月27日土曜日

15

For the signal 8 Voigtians withgiven gauss resolution and free identical
Lorentzian width are used for (2-1),.. (9-1)
The position pattern is fixed by the QED values
The intensities of (2-1),(3-1) and (4-1)
are free, those of the higher transitions arecoupled according to theoretical calculations(cascade calculation, e.g. Koike)
KH KH(2-1) (3-1)

Note: Khighyield pattern

2010年2月27日土曜日

KH(4-1),..
(9-1)

energy (keV)16   

attractive

repulsive

Y. Akaishi and T. Yamazaki Phys. Rev. C 65 044005 (2002)

If it observed to be…

SDD Housing Temp.
:
Preamp Temp.
chip :
cover :

Fitted with
Gauss+tail for Kα / Kβ(common s & tail slope)

Resolution:

2010年2月27日土曜日

17What is mass ?

if at rest

E = mc2Standard Model (Gauge Theory) is not end of the story,
Nanbu tells Local Gauge Invariance and Mass is related...
2010年2月27日土曜日

18

Higgs mechanism

Why quarks do have masses?

USd
5 MeV 10 MeV 100 MeV

vacuum is filled with higgs!
u

BUT, mp is not equal tomu + mu +md

u
d

u

g

u
g

s
s

there arecontribution fromsea quarks andgluonsugu

only few

d

d
d

and
even strangenessin it!

What then happens, if one embed a meson in nuclei?
2010年2月27日土曜日

19

begun by Nanbu

T

big bang

higgs condensationT~ 100GeV
Quark mass ~MeV

qq pair condensationT~ 200MeV
Quark mass ~300MeV
Baryon formation

Baryon mass ~0 ？

present universe（vacuum）
T~ 0 eV
Baryon mass ~1000 MeVρ
2010年2月27日土曜日

20

Big BangEarly Universe

T

Quark Gluon Plasma
(QGP)

Phase
Transition
Cooling by expansion

HadronBaryonNuclearSynthesisStar
H, He→ Fe“Gas” -> “fluid”

Meson“liquiddroplet”? Color Super
Conductivity

Neutronstar

Phase
Transition

Compressed

Compressed

Quark
Star?

u,0d quarks

ρSupernova
s quark
ExplosionFe→ U
Normal Nuclear
Quark Matter
High density
Matternuclear matter2010年2月27日土曜日

21

Big BangEarly Universe

THigh Energy
Heavy
Ion collisions
Quark Gluon
PlasmaRHICBrookhaven,(QGP)
LHCCERN

Phase
Transition
Cooling by expansion

HadronBaryonPrecise Nuclear
PhysicsRCNP,…Nuclear
SynthesisStar
H, He→ Fe“Gas” -> “fluid”

Meson
Hadron Physics
RCNP-LEPS,“liquid J-PARC,
Jefferson Lab.
? Color Superdroplet” CERN, GSI, …

Conductivity

NeutronstarCompressed

PhaseStrangeness
Quark
Transition
Nuclear Physics
CompressedJ-PARC

Star?

Unstable
Nucleiu,
0d quarks

ρSupernova
s quark
Explosion
Normal Nuclear
Quark Matter
High density
Matternuclear matterRI beam FactoryFe→ U@RIKEN,…

2010年2月27日土曜日

21

The first meson bound state attached to nuclei!

π atom

PRL 88 (2002) 122301
2010年2月27日土曜日

22

K mesons in nuclei
Because KN s-wave interaction is strongly
attractive, something drastic may happen!

2010年2月27日土曜日

23Deep!
~ 100 MeV
cf: BΝ ~ 10 MeV

Narrow!
~ 20 MeV= meta-stable

Shrink!
= high density?

Y. Akaishi & T. Yamazaki : PRC 65 (2002) 044005

2010年2月27日土曜日

24

A. Dote et al.
Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 044313

hadron mass
−
−
p
+
e
→
K
+ p+νe ?
astronomical study
2010年2月27日土曜日

25

M. Iwasaki et al. : NIM A473 (2001) 286-301

K- injection
decay particle
p,n detection

2010年2月27日土曜日

26

no evidence
wide or week, if peak exist

2010年2月27日土曜日

27

ΛN correlation observed in E549/E570 (KEK)

YN+2N~ 0.3%/K at rest

πYN+2N
K- ‘NN’I,S -> ΛΝE549/E570 (KEK) ... Suzuki
2010年2月27日土曜日

28

Do not exist? : New data from Osaka groupin-flight (K-, n) reaction @ 1 GeV/c
T. Kishimoto et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. 118 (2007) 181

fit = Green’s function

2010年2月27日土曜日

29

DISTO experiment:

Do not exist? : DISTO re-analysis
exclusive
pp → K+Λp at Tp = 2.85 GeV

T. Yamazaki P. Kienle K. Suzuki

arXiv:0810.5182
2010年2月27日土曜日

30

Theoretical progress

K- 3He -> “ pp K- ” + n

3He(K-, n)@ 1 GeV/c- bound state will be seen
- yield 5 ~ 40 μb / (sr MeV)
- resolution must < 20MeV
bound region unbound region

1-nucleon K- absorption
2-nucleon K- absorption
K- escaped2 / dndEn (b/(sr. MeV))

60
K- Conversion
1-body absorption
2-body absorption

inclusive

SGM

YA

DHW

FINUDA

deep pot.

40

20

0
750

700

650

600

550

500

Tn (MeV)T. Koike, T. Harada, Phys. Lett. B652 (2007) 262
2010年2月27日土曜日

31

Theoretical progress

Chiral unitary : shallow pot.

by π+ π- tag

d2 / dndEn (b/(sr. MeV))

Chiral unitary
3He (K-, n) Kpp
8conversion
partshallow pot.
4s statep stated state

0
700

600

500

Tn (MeV)J. Yamagata, S. Hirenzaki, H. Nagahiro, D. Jido, Mod.
Phys. Lett. A accepted. Proc. of Chiral07.

2010年2月27日土曜日

32

J-PARC: The 1st Experiment– Recoilless K scat.

ーKN study by nuclear
bound states
K- 3He -> “ pp K- ” + n
at 1 GeV/c by bothmissing & invariant mass
K-

3He

forma
tion
decay

2010年2月27日土曜日

33

Search for multi-kaonic nucleus(J-PARC LoI)
• The double-kaonic clusters :expected much stronger binding energy
and higher density.
• Double-Strangeness production
is forbidden for stopped antiproton

B.E.
[MeV]

Width
[MeV]

K-K-pp-117

35K-K-ppn-22137K-K-ppp-103-

K-K-pppn-23061K-K-pppp-109-

CentralDensity
17ρ0
14ρ0

      

if deep multi-kaonic nucleus exists, following channel will open! ... P. Kienle  
Γ

Anti-proton induced in the 3He and detect K+K0 Λ Λ as final state
2010年2月27日土曜日

34

Setup for multi-kaonic nucleus search
J-PARC E15 type detector

2010年2月27日土曜日

Large acceptance dipole spectrometer35Φ

Search for Φ meson nuclear state(J-PARC P-29)

3 % mass shift of φ meson spectrain p-A reaction has been reported
by KEK-PS E325

PRL 98(2007)04501

QCD sum rule calculation tells us
mass of the φ meson will be reduced ~3%even in the normal nuclear matter density.
Strong indication
φ-N interaction must be attractive
Question:whether formation of φ meson bound statein nuclei will be possible ?

T. Hatsuda, H. Shiomi and H. Kuwabara
Prog. Theor. Phys. 95(1996)1009

pbar+p →φφ will beideal elementary process
for the φ mesonic nucleus formation

1) as small background process
as possible2) produced Φ meson must havesmall momentum (~200 MeV/c)
2010年2月27日土曜日

36

Setup for Φ meson nuclear state search
How to produce and detect Φ mesonic nucleus?
slow
Φ meson

K+

Φ

Φ

K+

Bound

K-

fast
Φ meson0.3GeV/c

AntiprotonΛΦmesic nucleus

GeV/c

Nucleus

Missing mass using reconstructedforward going φ coincidencewith K+ and Λ from target

Momentum transfer

Conceptual designfor the detector
is in progress

CDC
ToF wallK+
KIf we choose pbar momentum= 1.0 – 1.3 GeV/cmomentum of the φ will be 200 – 260 MeV/c
2010年2月27日土曜日

ton
o
r
tip m
n
A
bea

37

Advanced Meson Science Laboratory⎛ e ⎞μ = g⎜⎟s⎝ 2m ⎠µCFbeyond Standard Modela new physics!

Muon Sciencecan we make energy?

RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility (RRMF)

2010年2月27日土曜日

38

Foundation of µSR method
Kubo-Toyabe Function
T. Yamazaki & R.S. Hayano@ TRIUMF PRB 20(1979) 850

K. Nagamine- UTMSL (shutdown)- RIKEN-RAL- TRIUMF (donated)2010年2月27日土曜日

39

RIKEN-RAL

2010年2月27日土曜日

40

RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility (RRMF) @ 20082010年2月27日土曜日

41

Muon Catalyzed Fusion
Enhancing μCF cycle towards break-even (~300 fusions/muon)
μCF at high density/high temperature solid (liquid, gas)

/T2

2010年2月27日土曜日

42

introduction to Muon Spin Rotation(µSR)- a unique and sensitive probe for the magnetic property

μ-e decay
Lifetimeτμ=2.2μs

High sensitivity to the magnetic fieldμ+Different time scale from that of NMRe+Measurement in zero applied field is possiblee+100%
spin-polarized μ+

SampleForwardcounter
NF

Backward
counter
NB

αNF(t)NB(t)Asymmetry A(t) = αN (t)+N (t)F
B
2010年2月27日土曜日

Muon inparamagnetic
state

Muon inantiferromagnetic
state

43

Example of µSR studies on organic material

S

S

S

S

S

Pd
S

S

S
S

[Pd(dmit)2][Pd(dmit)2]2
layer

S

X[Pd(dmit)2]2 withspin frustration

Distorted triangularlattice [Pd(dmit) ]
dimer
S=1/2

2 2

AFM
interaction

Insulating
X layer
2010年2月27日土曜日

Spin? frustration
44

magnetism of 2D distorted triangular lattice by µSR
Frustrated
isotropic(C2H5)2(CH3)2P[Pd(dmit)2]2

TN = 14.8 K

2010年2月27日土曜日

anisotropic(CH3)4P[Pd(dmit)2]2

TN = 39.3 K
45

As a Center of Excellence for muon science
Hokkaido U.
Muroran Inst. Tech.

Akita National College of Tech.
Iwate Medical U.
Niigata U.
Kanazawa U.

KEK
JAERI
AIST
NIMS
RIKEN
Saitama U.
Tokyo U. Science
Toho U.
Chiba U.
Tokyo Denki U.
Ochanomizu U.
Tokyo Inst. Tech.
Tokyo Metropolitan U.
Nagoya U.
Sophia U.
Daido U.
AoyamaGakuin U.
Toyota Central Yamanashi U.
Gakushuin U.
U. of Tokyo
R&D Labs.
Tokyo Kasei-Gakuin U.
Toyota Co. Ltd.
Stanley Electric Co. Ltd.
U. Electro-Communications
Tokyo Mumen's Medical U. International Christian U.

Fukui U.
Kyoto Inst. Tech.
Kyoto U. ICR
Osaka U.
Kobe U.
JASRI SPring8
Hiroshima U.
Ehime U.
Kyushu U.

Kagoshima U.

2010年2月27日土曜日

Tohoku U. IMR

 Collaboration
expanding in many
universities andresearch institutes.
 more than 300
proposals over last
10yrs
 120 papers overlast 5yrs
46

RIKEN-RAL Toward 3rd Term
3rd term = 2010/10 ~ 2017/3

2010年2月27日土曜日

47

RRMF-AC Meeting
Nov. 26-27, 2007 / Nov. 4-5, 2008

nameiinstitute

Andrew Taylor

RAL / United Kingdom

Stephen J. Blundell

University of Oxford / United Kingdom

Kurt N. Clausen

PSI / Switzerland

Jun Imazato

KEK / Japan

Jean-Michel Poutissou

TRIUMF / Canada

Eiko Torikai

University of Yamanashi / Japan2010年2月27日土曜日

job title
ISIS Director
Professor
Department Head of
Neutrons and Muons
Professor
Associate Director
Professor

A. Taylor, the Chair, visiting
President R.Noyori

48

Review System and Schedule for RNC
RAC
RIKEN Advisory Council)
ReportApril 22-25 2009 ( twice in 5 years)

RNCAC(Nishina Center Advisory Council)
ReportReport

RBRC-SRC

RRMF-AC

Review

Review

Review

Nov. 26-27 2007
Nov. 4-5 2008

Nov. 17-18 2008

RBRC

2010年2月27日土曜日

January 15-17 2009

RRMF

RIBF and other activities

49

NCAC Meeting

2010年2月27日土曜日

Jan 15-17, 200950

NCAC Executive Report

held in Jan 15-17, 2009

TWO ITEMS CONCERN WITH MuSAC• NCAC endorses the recommendation of the RIKEN-RAL IAC that
Condensed Matter and Molecular Science and Ultra-Slow Muon
Source Development be prioritized as the first of two central pillarsof the future RIKEN-RAL facility programme, and given sufficient
resources to enable its continued development. The NCAC further
supports the IAC recommendation for an extension of the RIKENRAL agreement beyond 2010 by at least another 7½ years to 2018.
• NCAC sees future opportunities at J-PARC and suggests that theinterested parties explore the establishment of a RIKEN J-PARC
Center.

- starting from hadron physics -2010年2月27日土曜日

51

RIKEN-RAL Beyond 2nd Term

2nd term = 1999/10 ~ 2009/9

Recent focus toward 3rd term
(1) High intensity laser system for slow μ+ beam production (Port-3)
New muon g-2 measurement / surface μSR = 2~4 kHz slow muon @ RIKEN-RAL
100 times higher intensity (50~100 μJ) of VUV (122 nm) light
Search for efficient muonium-producing target materials(2) Laser μSR experiments (Port-2)
The laser system under collaboration of Yamanashi U., KEK, UCR, RIKEN-RAL.
“Spinstronics”: R-331,R-361 (K.Nagamine), R-327(E. Torikai),“Molecular state”: RB-810980(F.L.Pratt),“Muonium chemical reaction”: R-317(D. Fleming)“Muonium state”: RB-810217(S.Giblin)(3) New μSR spectrometer (Port-4)
New multi-segmented (600 ch.) μ-e counters(4) High pressure cell for μSR (Port-2)
Uniqueness of RIKEN-RAL (vs. J-PARC)
due to required high-momentum muon beam (thanks to ISIS shorter double pulse time separation)(5) Remote μSR experiment on demand concept

2010年2月27日土曜日

52

(1) Ultra-cold Muon Projectnew collaboration
with ISIS!

(3) New µSR
Spectrometer

High Pressure µCF

utilizing RIKEN director fund(2, 4) Laser- and Pressure- µSR
2010年2月27日土曜日

53

key issues:

Hokkaido U.
Muroran Inst. Tech.

- make it like domestic facility
to all over the world- concerns
How can we maintain μSR
specialist?

Akita National College of Tech.
Iwate Medical U.
Niigata U.
Kanazawa U.

KEK
JAERI
AIST
NIMS
RIKEN
Saitama U.
Tokyo U. Science
Toho U.
Chiba U.
Tokyo Denki U.
Ochanomizu U.
Tokyo Inst. Tech.
Tokyo Metropolitan U.
Nagoya U.
Sophia U.
Daido U.
Aoyama Gakuin U.
Toyota Central Yamanashi U.
Gakushuin U.
U. of Tokyo
R&D Labs.
Tokyo Kasei-Gakuin U.
Toyota Co. Ltd.
Stanley Electric Co. Ltd.
U. Electro-Communications
Tokyo Mumen's Medical U. International Christian U.

Fukui U.
Kyoto Inst. Tech.
Kyoto U. ICR
Osaka U.
Kobe U.
JASRI SPring8
Hiroshima U.
Ehime U.
Kyushu U.

Kagoshima U.

2010年2月27日土曜日

Tohoku U. IMR

still on the way 54

(2) pulse laser driven µSR

New laser system for laser-μSR (Port-2)

key issues:- new collaboration framework
U.Yamanashi - KEK - UCR - RRMF - ISIS
- application to spintronics, chemical reaction study, etc

new laser (U.Yamanashi / KEK)

laser bridge

laser insertion port

2010年2月27日土曜日

55

(2) Muons for Spintronics:
New Muonium Method Detecting
Conduction Electron Spin Polarization(CESP) in n-type GaAs

2010年2月27日土曜日

Celebrating firstsuccessful laserµSR experiment56

(3) expanding µSR capability @ RRMF

New μSR spectrometer at Port-4
key issues:- highly segmented direction sensitive detector array- enhance S/N with Fly-Path operation- new DAQ and temperature/field control system

supported by “Molecular an ensemble” program
headed by R. Kato

sampleBWD/FWD μ-e counters(total: 600 channels)

fine-segmented
direction-sensitive
counters viewing the sample
2010年2月27日土曜日

57

(3) Spectrometer components
half-unit of the μe decay counters

spectrometer magnet

readout fiber connectors and MA-PMT attachment
2010年2月27日土曜日

58

(3) Spectrometer installation

Port-4

2010年2月27日土曜日

59

(4) High Pressure µSR cell--- try and error for HP-μSR
key issues:- intensive work and collaboration RRMF-ISIS- keep try and error
to expand capability of available HP region

2010年2月27日土曜日

60

(1) ultra-slow µ generation (Port-3)
New laser scheme for g-2 muon source

spot size : 30 x 30 μm2 x 10 nm
target size : few g → few 10th ng!
2~3 kHz slow-μ realization at RRMF

key issues:- realization of first practical (~100μJ) VUV pulse laser
muonium laser ionization- realization of low temperature muonium generator
lower momentum dispersion:
realization of zero emittance beam (g-2)
better energy matching by avoiding Doppler effectlocalized, higher density muonium in vacuum
better special overlapping with laser- interdisciplinary contribution
surface (material interface) physics by slow muon,
laser chemistry, etc.

2010年2月27日土曜日

61

(1) From “slow muon” to “cold” muon
Previous “slow muon” R&D concept :2100K

cooling from 35x109K → 2100K- stop muon in 2100K tungsten foil
- evaporate muonium- ionize by laser- re-accelerate and inject to target

collaboration with
KEK group
at RIKEN-RAL
wish to enhance theactivity ...

realize cold muon → 300 → 10K
2010年2月27日土曜日

62

(1) Present “slow” muon beam quality

spatial, timing, and depth resolution, S/N⇒ P. Bakule et al, NIM B 266 (Jan 2008) 335
2010年2月27日土曜日

63

(1) VUV Laser & Muonium Target development
New Laser with Wada solid state laser Lab.
- Difficulty
optical damage:phase matching loss in non-linear optics:
shallow focus, gas jet Kr cell (avoid window),pressure control, impurity insertion
 challenge: muonium polarization recovery
Nakajima (Kyoto U.) : laser pumping

Muonium generator development- Cold Muonium generator (room temperature) nano-structured material Esashi (Tohoku U.)- Further muon beam focus onto muonium generator
 capillary focusing- Improvement of slow muon optics
 electron microscope technology
 Geant4 modeling with PSI package- Aiming Time Schedule
basic laser construction in RIKEN-ASI 2009~2010
dedicative slow muon generation R&D using RRMF 2010 ~2010年2月27日土曜日

64

Beyond Standard Model by Muon

⎛ e ⎞μ = g⎜⎟s⎝ 2m ⎠
Let’s listen to the whispering of muon / nature
2010年2月27日土曜日

65

Why muon g-2？

QED 1st order correctionα ⎛ e ⎞μ = g⎜ ⎟s⎝ 2m ⎠

μ : magnetic moments : sping : gyromagnetic ratio

QED

π

γ

μ
e

e
γ

⎛ e ⎞
μ = (1+ a)⎜ ⎟⎝ 2m ⎠⎛ α ⎞2g − 2 1 ⎛α ⎞a== ⎜ ⎟ − 0.3248⎜ ⎟ + ....
⎝ π ⎠ QED補正
2
2⎝π ⎠

)
(Exp)
(SM)
−11
Δa(today
=
Δa
−
Δa
=
(295
±
88)
×10
μ
μ
μ

beyond standard model？
2010年2月27日土曜日

66

Muon g-2 measurement at BNL E821
 storage muon at magic momentum, and observe forward decay
positron by calorimeter

flash!

AGS

magic
momentum：3.1 GeV/c

2~3 GeV electronωa = −eaμ B
m

g-2 ring (E821)
3.1 GeV/c
2010年2月27日土曜日

67





BNL E821

Experimental Technique: fill ring, countuntil all muons are gone; do it again

25ns bunch of 5 X 1012
protons from AGS

Pions

TargetInflector

xc ≈ 77 mm
β ≈ 10 mrad
B·dl ≈ 0.1 Tm(~250nsec)(B=1.45T)

p=3.1GeV/c
6~12 bunch / 0.37 Hz• Muon polarization• Muon storage ring• injection & kicking• focus with Electric Quadrupoles• 24 electron calorimeters

Injection orbit
Central orbit
Storagering

KickerModules
R=711.2cm
R

d=9cm
R

Electric Quadrupoles(thanks to Q. Peng)

2010年2月27日土曜日

βxc- p. 10/52

68

BNL g-2 experiment E821

2010年2月27日土曜日

69

Cold µ for g-2 @ J-PARC P34

surface muon
(T = 4 MeV)

 No CBO (focusing field off!)muon motion is static(2100K: 0.18 eV)(300K: 0.026 eV) hadron background freemuon re-acceleration

 statistics vs. pileup
high intensity / stable VUV laser loss cancel by positron asymmetry
positron in Lab. frame

forward/backward asymmetry

2010年2月27日土曜日

70A) Muon Source at Room Temp.
Question: How to minimize emittance Δx・Δθx?
Ans.: Reduce temperature!
Test experiment will be submitted to TRIUMF with A. Olin etc.

Aerogel :SiO2 cluster

Porous Al2O3 :nano-hole array

Tabata (JAXA)

Masuda (TMU)
Porous SiO2 : ?

nano-hole array
2010年2月27日土曜日

R&D with Esashi (Tohoku U.) group
71B) Laser intensity & stability
configuration

100 times in yieldmuonium time evolution inhorizontal direction

sharp laser (Δzlp = 1 mm)
neighbor upon target (0.25 mm apart)

2100K → 300K
2010年2月27日土曜日

72

Nd: 0.5%B) Laser intensity & stability

A-axis
Nd: 1.0%

collaboration with Wadagroup (RIKEN, ASI)

Nd: 2.0%

Nd:YAG

Nd:YVO4

Nd:GdVO4a-axisc-axisa-axisc-axisThermalconductivity
Emission crosssection
Lifetime ofupper state
CrystalgrowthHighlydopingWavelength

1064

1064

1063

Fifth harmonics of Kr
1062.75 nm is 212.55 nm!
2010年2月27日土曜日

73C) Electron Microscope Technology Application
primary
muon

al
c
i
r
pe ation tor
hs err saab penmcoam
be aring es
ste ctrodla
fin sing ele
ufoc

2010年2月27日土曜日

ial g
t
i
in sin s)
nu
foc zel le
n
(ei
amng
e
b ari esste ctrodele

initial test @ 3 keV

capillaryfocusing
et
g
r
ta
V
3k tion laser
trc
exspot size : 30 x 30 μm2 x 10 nm
target size : few g → few 10th ng!
2~3 kHz slow-μ realization at RRMF
74D) g-2 initial acceleration@ 100 keV

2010年2月27日土曜日

75

Advanced Meson Science Laboratory

57

Mn(26 MeV/u,
5×106 cps)

sample57Mn
57Co

1.45 min
ke

V

272 d
EC

14

ke

V

13

6

β-

57Fe

57

Mn implantation Mössbauer
spectrometer at RIKEN-RIBF
2010年2月27日土曜日

LINAC
58

Fe21+ (63 MeV/u, 40pnA)
76

2010年2月27日土曜日

77

(1-b) Fe in Si
Motional averaging
Fe int.+ vacancy = Fe0sub.
+substitutional

interstitial2010年2月27日土曜日

77Advanced Meson Science Laboratory

The dreams/objectives are:Origin of Matter Mass
Beyond Standard Modelalso contribute to other fieldbyµ-science andThank you for your attention!
2010年2月27日土曜日

78

2010年2月27日土曜日

79

Institute Laboratory Assessment Interim Review

Laboratory
Management
RIKEN Nishina Center
Advanced Meson Science Laboratory

M. Iwasaki
2010年2月27日土曜日

MuSAC
2009

80

2010年2月27日土曜日

81

New Organization Scheme of RNC April 1 2009
NCAC

NP-PAC
ML-PAC (including muon)
ML: Material and Life Science
2010年2月27日土曜日

82

Transparency to answer my “research philosophy”

A proverb: Curiosity killed the cat...
2010年2月27日土曜日

83What I try to enforce me ...

- Do something what people do not- Challenge always- Do not shame if you don’t understand, should be shameful if you
don’t try to understand- Think hard, when you have trouble. It is a gift!
- Suspect yourself and even your supervisor, avoid self confident- There should be a way to solve for any problems- There is no fruitless effort nor pointless failure, what you
learn from that is really precious

2010年2月27日土曜日

84What I try to enforce me ...

cont.

- Your limit comes only when you accept that
- Talk, Listen and Learn with/from others- Time of adversity provides you true chance- Accumulate ideas, time of chance is short- Always be positive, believe that the dream come true
- Do not be obedient, unless you have reason to do soat lastEven if I should pass away tomorrow, I wish I can tell me“You did all your best, you are excellent!”

2010年2月27日土曜日

85Lab. Members

hadron
muon
laser
misc.

2010年2月27日土曜日

86Budget status

2010年2月27日土曜日

87

Publications

2010年2月27日土曜日

88

Thank you, now time for question!

2010年2月27日土曜日

89

RIKEN-RAL PAC 2009/09/03

Nd: 0.5%

A-axis
Nd: 1.0%
Nd: 2.0%

Nd:YAG

Nd:YVO4

Nd:GdVO4a-axisc-axisa-axisc-axisThermalconductivity
Emission crosssection
Lifetime ofupper state
CrystalgrowthHighlydopingWavelength

1064

1064

1063

Fifth harmonics of Kr
1062.75 nm is 212.55 nm!
2010年2月27日土曜日

90