Report / Fiscal Year of 2004

Project on Measures for Rationalization of International
Energy Use
Project on Infrastructure Improvement for
Rationalization of International Energy Use"Project on Improvement in Infrastructure for Energy
Management in ASEAN Countries"

March 2005

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
The Energy Conservation Center, Japan

Preface
Recently we have been required to overcome the completely conflicting condition where efforts
to prevent the global warming has become a common challenging issue for people in the world
while sustainable economic development is desired.
In order to overcome such a severe condition, technological innovation is required, including
both R&D of technologies to efficiently use energy with a minimum impact on the environmentand development of clean energy with no load on the environment.
So as to contribute to the harmonized development of economy protecting environment indeveloping countries, it is necessary to render support for the concerned countries that is
acceptable and appropriate for these countries based on the understanding of the actual conditionof energy use and environmental measures as well as the results of in-depth surveys on the
progress in development of infrastructure, life styles, etc in these countries.
Under the circumstances mentioned above, in these four years, we have implemented activities
for focusing the transfer of technology for energy through conducting energy audit for energy
conservation in the major industries (ten sub-industries) and building sectors of the ten member
countries of ASEAN. Based on the actual results of the implementation of these projects, it has
been found that the improvement in energy management is an important key factor common to
the both sectors. In this fiscal year, the projects for the major industry sector and the building
sector have moved forward to a new stage to aim at actually implementing recommended
improvements including the energy audit and at reinforcing the infrastructure for dissemination.
We have set up, on this occasion, “Project on Improvement in Infrastructure for Energy
Management” to build the infrastructure for promoting energy conservation more effectively in
conjunction with the projects for these sectors.
This project has an ultimate goal of building the “ASEAN Energy Management System” which
can be shared among the ASEAN member countries. Activities should be developed in themedium to long run in order to achieve this goal. During this fiscal year, as the first year of the
project, we implemented surveys on the actual situations of energy management infrastructurein the ten ASEAN member countries and carried out the activities to develop the basic conceptof “ASEAN Energy Management System” and a preliminary guideline for the activities.
The project could be started without any problem toward newly building the infrastructure foractivities to promote energy conservation, which resulted in achieving the goal targeted this year,
directing future activities.
We hope that this project will contribute to energy conservation and environmental preservationin the industry and building sectors in the ASEAN countries and the countries concerned willbuild firm infrastructure for sustainable economic development harmonizing with theenvironmental preservation. In addition, we expect that this project could work to bridge
technology exchange and friendship between Japan and the countries concerned.
March 2005
The Energy Conservation Center,
Japan

Contents
Introduction
Contents
Summary
I. Objectives and Background of the Project

I-1

II-1
II. Myanmar
II-1
1. Summary of Activities
II-2
2. Results of Survey
II-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
II-3
Audit /Training
II-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
II-3
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
II-4
4. Results of Workshop
II-4
4.1 Summary
II-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
III-1
III. Cambodia
III-1
1. Summary of Activities
III-2
2. Results of Survey
III-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
III-2
Audit /Training
III-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
III-3
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
III-3
4. Results of Workshop
III-3
4.1 Summary
III-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
IV-1
IV. Lao PDR
IV-1
1. Summary of Activities
IV-2
2. Results of Survey
IV-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
IV-2
Audit /Training
IV-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
IV-3
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
IV-3
4. Results of Workshop
IV-3
4.1 Summary
IV-3
4.2 Results of Discussion

V. Vietnam
V-1
V-1
1. Summary of Activities
V-2
2. Results of Survey
V-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
Audit /Training
V-3
V-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
V-4
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
V-4
4. Results of Workshop
V-4
4.1 Summary
V-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
VI-1
VI. Indonesia
VI-1
1. Summary of Activities
VI-2
2. Results of Survey
VI-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
VI-3
Audit /Training
VI-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
VI-3
3. Suggested and Discussed Improvement Based on Results of Survey
VI-4
4. Results of Workshop
VI-4
4.1 Summary
VI-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
VII-1
VII. Singapore
VII-1
1. Summary of Activities
VII-2
2. Results of Survey
VII-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
VII-3
Audit /Training
VII-3
2.3 Suggested and Discussed Improvement Based on Results of Survey
VII-4
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
VII-4
4. Results of Workshop
VII-4
4.1 Summary
VII-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
VIII-1
VIII. Brunei
VIII-1
1. Summary of Activities
VIII-2
2. Results of Survey
VIII-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
VIII-2
Audit /Training
VIII-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
VIII-3
3. Suggested and Discussed Improvement Based on Results of Survey
VIII-3
4. Results of Workshop

4.1 Summary
4.2 Results of Discussion

VIII-3
VIII-3

IX-1
IX. Malaysia
1. Summary of Activities
IX-1
IX-2
2. Results of Survey
IX-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
IX-3
Audit /Training
IX-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
IX-3
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
IX-4
4. Results of Workshop
IX-4
4.1 Summary
IX-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
X-1
X. The Philippines
X-1
1. Summary of Activities
X-2
2. Results of Survey
X-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
X-3
Audit /Training
X-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
X-4
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
X-4
4. Results of Workshop
X-4
4.1 Summary
X-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
XI-1
XI. Thailand
XI-1
1. Summary of Activities
XI-2
2. Results of Survey
XI-2
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement Energy
XI-3
Audit /Training
XI-3
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
XI-4
3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
XI-4
4. Results of Workshop
XI-4
4.1 Summary
XI-4
4.2 Results of Discussion
XII-1
XII. Activities by ASEAN
XII-1
1. Summary of Summary Workshop
XII-2
2. Results of Discussion on Basic Concept of “ASEAN Energy Management System”
3. Results of Discussion on Future Direction of Activities to Develop “ASEAN Energy
XII-5
Management System”

XIV. Materials for Reference
1. Questionnaire for Survey
2. Materials Used in Local Workshops- Results of Survey for Each Country (Preliminary)- Principle of Energy Management
3. Materials Used in Summary Workshop

Summary

The economy in ASEAN countries has been rapidly growing. As a result, it is expected thatenergy consumption will rapidly increase. Accordingly, it will be more required to efficiently
use energy and to consider about countermeasures against the prevention of the global
warming.
This year is the 5th year of the projects for Promotion of Energy Efficiency and Conservation(hereinafter referred to as “PROMEEC”) for major industries and buildings.
Activities of the persons concerned from ASEAN countries, including the ASEAN Center for
Energy (ACE) which is our counterpart, are increasingly being expanded and established.
Moreover, the awareness arising to reduce energy consumption among the countries
concerned is spread among them because of the recent increase in energy prices linked withthe recent run-up in crude oil prices and the effectuation of the Kyoto Protocol on Feb 16,
2005.
This fiscal year has been placed as the first year for the PROMEEC projects to move forwardthe 2nd phase that aims at the enhanced actual implementation and dissemination of
the improvements previously recommended with further self-help efforts by integrating
achievements of the project activities for the past four years. In other words, in the 2ndphase, it is targeted to establish the infrastructure for the implementation and disseminationof the actual improvements including the recommendations proposed / discussed in the past.
For the purpose of effectively achieving the target mentioned above, in addition to
the activities developed under the PROMEEC projects for major industries and buildings,
this project was setup to develop and enhance the infrastructure for energy management in
the ASEAN countries as a basis for promoting energy conservation, based on the agreement
made by the representatives from the ASEAN countries.
An ideal goal of this project is to build the “ASEAN Energy Management System”
possible to share by the ten ASEAN countries in four to five years.
In this fiscal year, thus, the project activities have been commenced with conducting surveys
on the actual situations of the infrastructures in the ten countries and developing the basic
concepts of “ASEAN Energy Management System”.
Specifically, the following activities were implemented in all the ten ASEAN countries.
♦ Survey on the actual situation of energy management infrastructure
Surveys focused on the three categories;- Policy and legal framework for energy conservation- Presence of implementation organizations and their roles and activities- Activities by the private sectors for promoting energy conservation♦ Implementation of Workshops
The seminar-workshops were held to give a further understanding of energy management
and to discuss the preliminary results of the above survey conducted in each ASEAN-1-

country.
♦ Development of basic concepts of “ASEAN Energy Management System”
On the basis of results of the surveys and discussions mentioned above, a draft ofthe basic concepts of the “ASEAN Energy Management System” was proposed anddiscussed with the delegates from the ten ASEAN member countries at the Summary
Workshop/Post Workshop.
It is of great significance that these activities led to better understanding of the importance aswell as the principle and practice of energy management by the persons concerned, and that
this project provided the persons concerned not only from the government but also fromthe private sector with an opportunity possible to share the recognition of the reality ofenergy management infrastructure through discussions in each country. These enabled us todepict an overview of the “ASEAN Energy Management System” to develop its concept.
Site activities in the project during this fiscal year started with the Inception Workshop heldin late August 2004 (common to both projects for major industries and building), and ended
with the Summary/Post Workshops (common to both projects for major industries andbuilding) held in early February 2005. In the Inception Workshop, for smooth start ofthe project, the implementation plan was explained and finalized and the required
preparation for fieldwork in each country was confirmed. Subsequently, the surveys andlocal workshops in the ten countries were smoothly conducted by December 2004. Finally,in the Summary Workshop/ Post Workshop, the actual results and achievements ofthe project activities in the ten countries were presented and shared by the delegates fromthe ASEAN countries (focal points). After sharing the actual results,
the proposed future direction of the project including the basic implementation plan for
2005-2006 was discussed.
Specific activities of the project during this fiscal year were as follows.
25 August to 26 August 2004 (Business Trip: from 24 to 27 August)Participation in “the Inception Workshop of on Promotion of Energy Efficiency andConservation (PROMEEC) (Major Industries, Building and Energy Management),
SOME-METI Work Program 2004 to 2005” (held in Denpasar, Indonesia, common to
the projects for major industries and buildings).
The following events were taken place, though the focal points from Lao PDR and Brunei
were absent, with around 20 participants including the persons concerned from other
ASEAN countries and ASEAN Center for Energy (ACE) as well as delegates fromthe Energy Conservation Center, Japan (ECCJ).
Opening Remarks (Each representative from the organizations concerned including the hostcountry)
Session 1: Explanation and discussion on the guidelines of the activities toward
the Phase-2 (including evaluation of Phase-1) (by ECCJ)
Session 2: Presentation of "Japan's International Cooperation for Energy Management" (by-2-Session 3:
Session 4:
Session 5:

ECCJ)
Learnings from Phase-1 and expectations for Phase-2 (by Delegates fromASEAN countries)
Programs for Energy Management (by Delegates from ASEAN countries)
Finalization of the implementation plan for 2004 – 2005 through explanationand discussion (by ECCJ)

October 5 to October 15, 2004: Site Activity (1st)Countries ; Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam
1. Survey on the actual situation of energy management infrastructure
The team visited the governmental organization(s) in charge of energy conservation,
implementation organizations and private sectors in each country to interview
the concerned persons, and collect information in accordance with
the questionnaire forms, which had been prepared and distributed in advance.
2. Workshops in each country
With ten to thirty participants in each county, the following presentations and enthusiastic
discussion were made. It is also of great significance that these workshops provided an
opportunity of exchanging opinions between government officials and people fromprivate sectors through discussion.
(1) “Principle of energy management” and “Energy management system in Japan”(by ECCJ)(2) “Policies and measures related to energy management for each country” (by eachcountry)(3) “Report (preliminary) and discussion on results of surveys on current situations ofdevelopment of energy management infrastructure (by ECCJ)
November 28 to December 14, 2004: Site Activity (2nd)Countries; Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand
1. Survey on the actual situation of infrastructure for energy management
The team visited the governmental organization(s) in charge of energy conservation,
implementation organizations and private sectors in each country to interview
the concerned persons, and collect information in accordance with
the questionnaire forms, which had been prepared and distributed in advance.
2. Workshops in each country
With ten to thirty participants in each county, the following presentations and enthusiastic
discussion were made. It is also of great significance that these workshops provided an
opportunity of exchanging opinions between government officials and people fromprivate sectors through discussion.
(1) “Principle of energy management” and “Energy management system in Japan”(by ECCJ)(2) “Policies and measures related to energy management for each country” (byeach country)-3-(3) “Report (preliminary) and discussion on results of surveys on current situationsof development of energy management infrastructure (by ECCJ)
February 7 to February9, 2005; Summary Workshop/Post Workshop(Business Trip: from February 6 to February 10)
Participation in “the Summary Workshop and Post Workshop on Promotion of Energy
Efficiency and Conservation (PROMEEC) (Major Industries, Building and Energy
Management), SOME-METI Work Program 2004 to 2005” (held in Singapore, common to
the projects for major industries and buildings).
The following summary and discussion were made, though the focal points from Brunei andVietnam were absent, with around 21 participants including the persons concerned fromother ASEAN countries and ASEAN Center for Energy (ACE) as well as delegates fromthe Energy Conservation Center, Japan (ECCJ).
Presentation and discussion on the results of surveys conducted in the ten countries
were held and the proposed basic concept of “ASEAN Management System” was explainedand discussed. In the presentation of the survey results, it was tried to compare the actual
results among the countries in the presence of all the delegates from each country.
However, it was in fact difficult to reach an agreement. It will be necessary to
improve the comparison including improvement in expression when the comparison isrequired to use in discussion. In addition, with regard to basic concept of “ASEAN
Management System”, it was possible for the participants to basically understand it byclarifying the overview of the factors for energy management, specific activities andsteps for realization of these factors.
Finally, the proposed direction and plan after 2005 was explained, discussed and agreed.
The basic policy is to start with feasible and/or prioritized activities from the next fiscal year
based on the basic concept. However, this project has just started last year and is in processof establishing the more specific plan. Therefore, levels of understanding of participantssignificantly vary and more effort will be required to equalize the level of understanding
among the countries through implementing further activities.
Opening Remarks (Each representative from the organizations concerned including the hostcountry)
Summary Workshop
Session 1: Major Industries
Session 2: Building
Session 3: Energy Management- Report on results of surveys conducted in the ten countries by ECCJ
- Explanation and discussion on the proposed basic concept of the “ASEAN Energy
Management System” by ECCJ
- Ideas or requests for the “ASEAN Energy Management System” by each ASEAN
country- Basic direction of activities after 2005

-4-

Post Workshop
Session 1: Summarization of the results of discussion made in the Summary Workshop forthe project
Session 2: Basic implementation plan after FY 2005
Aiming at providing support to establish the infrastructure for energy management in eachcountry, a raised level of activities were challenged based on further self – efforts. In thiscontext, this project is expected to be very important for building the infrastructure forenergy management.
.
In this fiscal year, thanks to the intensified cooperation for implementing activities in all
the countries, it can be evaluated that we were able to obtain a great achievement for taking a
step toward future expanded development.
On the other hand, the Japan side understands that ASEAN has also started the other project
related to energy management under cooperation from EU, such as ASEAN Energy Manager
Accreditation System (AEMAS). In the future, it will be required to develop specificactivities of this PROMEEC project for energy management, taking the activities of
the AEMAS project into consideration. ACE should play an important role tocoordinate these two projects.
Finally, it is again emphasized that we have received full cooperation from the persons incharge of the related organizations in the ASEAN countries including ACE in implementing
this project.
Here we would like to express our sincere gratitude to all
the people concerned.

-5-

I. Objectives and Background of the Project
For the purpose of promoting energy conservation in ASEAN countries, especially in majorindustries and building sectors, this project aims at assisting the ASEAN countries indeveloping / improving energy management infrastructure. Thus, it is expected thatthe project will contribute to the promotion of energy conservation and environmental
conservation in Southeast Asian countries by promoting the realization of energy
conservative measures in each of the countries concerned.
This project was newly set up in 2004 by mainly ASEAN Center for Energy with the aim of
reducing energy consumption for the industry and building sectors continuously increasingin the ASEAN region. ASEAN calls this project as “PROMEEC for Energy Management”.
PROMEEC, which is the abbreviation of "Promotion of Energy Efficiency andConservation", is a cooperation project accredited by ASEAN Ministers of Energy Meeting(AMEM) for the ASEAN 10 countries under the support by the Ministry of Economy,
Trade and Industry of Japan (METI). Japan cooperates to support the improvement ofenergy management in terms of technology and practice through this activity in order topromote energy conservation for the industry and building sectors in ASEAN countries.
The objectives of this project are as follows:
1. To strengthen cooperative relationship between ASEAN countries and Japan in terms ofenergy field.
2. To build and operate the energy management infrastructure which can be shared among
ASEAN countries (hereinafter referred to as “ASEAN Energy Management System”) toserve as a sustainable infrastructure for the promotion of energy conservation in
the industry and building sectors.
3. To accelerate building / improving the infrastructure in ASEAN countries throughthe transfer of Japan's technologies and experience related to energy management
including the introduction of excellent cases of energy management to the ASEAN
countries.
4. To discover excellent cases of energy management realized in factories and buildings in
ASEAN countries and to disseminate the information of these excellent cases among
the ASEAN countries.
Based on the experience and achievement of the projects for the major industries andbuildings which have been implemented since 2000, this project was set up as a new projectof PROMEEC in fiscal 2004 to promote the improvement of energy management which iscommon technique and practice to the projects for major industries and buildings and is
the most effective means for energy conservation. This project was newly set up to serve asa more effective activity specialized in the improvement of energy management andassociated with the projects for main industries and buildings, on the occasion thatthe projects for the two sectors moved forward to the advanced phase for developing
the infrastructure for implementation and dissemination in the fiscal year of 2004. This is
the first fiscal year to implement this project.

Ⅰ−1

It will be necessary to implement this project according to the following steps,
since the project should be proceeded based on the long run activities for about 5 years.
First Phase:
Development of specific plans for the ASEAN Energy Management
System based on surveys on the energy management infrastructure in
the ASEAN countries and the transfer of technology and experience fromJapan to the ASEAN countries
Second Phase:
Building the ASEAN Energy Management System and development ofprocedure / rule to operate the system
Third Phase:
Actual working including improvement of the ASEAN Energy
Management System by ASEAN countries
Activities for this fiscal year in the 1st Phase were implemented for the purpose of obtaining
the following.
◆ Accurate recognition of the actual situation and conditions of the infrastructure forenergy management through the surveys in the respective ASEAN countries◆ Deepened understanding of energy management by the concerned persons through local
seminar – workshops◆ Identification of components required for the “ASEAN Energy Management System”bydiscussing the results of the surveys
Finally, gathering the focal points from each country, the summary workshop was held todiscuss the proposed basic concept of ASEAN Energy Management System and basic planof the future activities while sharing the results of surveys and discussions in
the respective countries.

Ⅰ−2

II．Myanmar
1. Summary of Activities
1.1 Mission members
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Program Manager, ACE

1. 2 Survey schedule and main interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date

Place for a meeting or a visit

Interviewees

October 5

Arrived at Yangon

October 6

Ministry of Energy

Mr. Soe Myint and others

KBZ Bank

Mr. NYO Myint and others

Seminar – Workshop

Mr. Aye Kyaw and others

October 7

Left Yangon
Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Mr. Soe Myint
Director General, Energy Planning Department, Ministry of Energy
Mr. Thein Lwin Deputy Director General, Energy Planning Department, Ministry of Energy
Mr. Aye Kyaw
Director, Energy Planning Department, Ministry of Energy
Mr. Aung Kyi
Director, Myanmar Industrial Construction Services
Mr. Khin KhinAye Assistant Director, Energy Planning Department, Ministry of Energy
Mr. Kyaw TinDirector, Power Generation, Distribution Planning and New Project Planning
Mr. San Aung
Director, Myanmar Petroleum Products Enterprise
Mr. Myo Myint
Deputy Director, Material Planning Myanmar Oil Gas Enterprise
Mr. Nyo Myint
Consultant, KBZ Group Co., Ltd.
1.3 Activities
The experts made efforts to collect information as much as possible and held a Mini-Workshop
in one and a half days of short-term work. Good preparation and arrangements were made by
the Myanmar side led by Mr. Aung Kyi (Director, Myanmar Industrial Construction Services), a
focal point of EE&C-SSN (Energy Efficiency and Conservation – Sub-sector Network).
The survey was conducted by interviewing with them according to the questionnaire that had
been sent in advance. The director level officials from each department including Mr. Soe

II-1

Myint, Director General of Ministry of Energy and a member of SOME (Senior Officials
Meeting on Energy), Mr. Thein Lwin, Deputy Director General gathered together andcooperated our survey. Most of their answers to the questionnaire were "No". However, they
provided us not only the answers to the questionnaire but also detailed explanation andconfirmation in response to our questions, and it was possible to frankly exchange opinions.
After the above-mentioned survey, we visited KBZ Bank in Yangon, which is reputed for theenergy efficient building with maximized utilization of natural light in Myanmar and wasawarded for the best practice building from ACE.
On the second day, the half-day workshop was held at the main conference room of the Ministryof Energy inviting more than twenty participants from the Ministry of Industry, the Ministry ofElectric Power, oil/gas companies in addition to those from the Ministry of Energy, all of whomwere in position of “Deputy Director” or a higher position. We had active discussion including
question-and-answer on the lecture and the preliminary results of survey.
2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
The macroscopic status of developing the framework of policy including legislation of law forenergy conservation is in process of study and preparation.
The government officials including staff members of the Ministry of Energy, of course,
understand that energy conservation is very important from the viewpoint of limited resourcesand energy security. They have started activities to make a public announcement on the actualuse of electricity and fuel including costs via mass media.
However, the framework and infrastructure for policies and legislations have not sufficiently
developed yet though high-level officials of the Ministries concerned have policy ideas but not
specified plans. Although the country has established the five-year development plan, it includes
a target only for GDP without any specific energy plan. At present, the National Committee ofEnvironmental Affair is organized in the government, where a draft Environmental Assessment
Law is now being prepared; the inclusion of energy matter into the Law is under consideration.
However, there are such problems as less available reference information from other countries
and a lack of own database. Moreover, the government subsidizes costs for electricity and fuel,resulting in the costs as inexpensive as 2.5 cents per kWh for electricity and 18 cents per literfor petrol, and therefore low incentive for energy conservation among companies.
Furthermore, the subsidy accounts for a large proportion of the national budget. Althoughgovernment officials understand that the subsidy program adversely affects not only companies'
investment but also public awareness on energy conservation, they have no other choice but tomaintain this fee level, considering the current typical income level of the nation (US$20 to
US$40 per month).
Despite the existence of the Ministry of Energy, several Ministries play different roles inenergy-related matters in the government. However, conflictions between the Ministries will
occur due to the absence of coordinating function in the government, which can be a barrier
against smooth implementation of activities for energy conservation projects.
On the other hand, they start preparation for cooperation on the CDM Project with otherII-2

countries in the future. However, Myanmar has a complicated foreign currency exchangesystem for the import and export of petroleum products, which represents an obstacle tofinancial infrastructure to invite foreign companies for enhancing business.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
Currently, there exists no organization for implementation.
A plan to construct the energy conservation center has been warmed for ten years, but there has
been no progress at all probably because of a lack of the policy and legislative framework toestablish the center. They are now making an effort to enhance capacities of government
officials. Specifically, they depend on the participation in the PROMEEC (Promotion ofEnergy Efficiency and Conservation) projects, which are implemented by ASEAN withcooperation of Japan, and on the cooperation programs with international organizations such as
UNDP. In terms of continuity and consistency, the latter programs are not sufficient judging
from the fact that a program included only the training for one week in 1999.
The Ministry of Energy carries out energy audits on request. The recommendation / suggestion
focused on improvement with little cost. However, it was reported that their main measuring
instruments are measuring instruments for checking combustion and infrared thermometers at
best and insufficient to meet requested energy audits. In addition, according to the report, there
are difficulties in procuring parts and service for maintenance of sensors from specialized
manufacturers hence problems with calibration of sensors. Moreover, a shortage of skilled
experts and experienced persons as well as an absence of a department or study subject related
to energy at universities in Myanmar lead to the difficulty in obtaining staff. These represent
major obstacles.
As for renewable energy, a non-governmental organization locally
implemented a hybrid type of wind power generator (60 kW) combined with diesel power
generator under the technical and financial support from NEDO.
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
Only a few companies are eager to make an effort for energy conservation at this moment.
Although there are organizations which should facilitate communication between thegovernment and private companies, such as an industrial societies and associations, they do not
fully function for energy conservation. For example, under the Chamber of Commerce there is
the industrial association which consists of forty-nine industrial sub-sectors but does not work tocoordinate these.
On the other hand, there is one building of which persons including the owner are very eager topomote energy conservation and applied to the award system for an the ASEAN best practice inenergy efficiency in the past. We would like to expect such a building owner to continue theiractivity in the future.
Concerning the business environment, companies' motivation to their activities for energy
conservation is persistently low due to inexpensive energy costs with the subsidy system forenergy prices. Moreover, the delay in development of legislations and policies to promoteenergy conservation causes ambiguous guidelines for activities of energy conservation

II-3

promotion among companies. As a result, the persons concerned, including CEOs and top
management of companies, have low awareness on energy conservation and their activities
become sluggish.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Myanmar is summarized
as shown in Figure-II-1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.
3. Suggested and Discussed Improvement Based on Results of Survey
For Myanmar, the formulation of policies related to energy conservation should be assigned thehighest priority. In order to pursue this goal, it is important to implement the followings at thistime.
(1) The government should determine which Ministry is in charge of energy conservation.
(2) A taskforce should be organized to analyze the current situations and draft the policy andstrategies for implementation.
A taskforce, consisting of the persons in charge from the relevant Ministries, should be set
up to transfer policies that government officials have in their mind into concrete documents,
based on which formulation of policies should be immediately commenced after
discussions among the persons concerned.
(3) Capacity building for the persons concerned, including leaders of the government, should
be continuously implemented.
It is also recommended for Myanmar to continue the development of human resources for
EE&C, activities to increase the number of model factories and buildings for energy
conservation, and public education about energy conservation.
4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
We had about thirty participants mainly consisted of the persons concerned from the Ministry ofEnergy and the Ministry of Industry. At first, Mr. Sato, a technical expert from ECCJ,
presented the energy management principles. Next, Mr. Yoshida, a leader of ECCJ, presented
the energy management situation in Japan and the preliminary results of survey. And discussion
was open for all the participants.
Among opinions from participants, the following are noted.
(1) The concept of life cycle cost should be included into energy management.
(2) It is problematic to simply bring Japanese emission control standard into developing
countries.
4.2 Results of Discussion
The initial start of this project was smooth with active questions and discussions. One highlevel official gave a compliment to us, saying that frank discussions at our seminar workshop
made the persons concerned take off their coat.

II-4

Figure-II-1: Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Myanmar(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

Myanmar (As of Oct., 2004)
FutureApproach by
Myanmar

Activity Toward Future

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

II-5

Development of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1
Self-Effort for(2000-2004)
Implementation(Industry && Dissemination
Building)

III. Cambodia
1. Summary of Activities
1.1 Mission members
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Program Manager, ACE

1. 2 Survey schedule and main interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date

Place for a meeting or a visit

Interviewees

7 October

Arrived at Phnom Penh

8 OctoberElectricite Du Cambodge

Mr. Chan Sodavath

Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy(MIME)

Mr. Sat Samy and others

Seminar-Workshop
9 October

Left Phnom Penh

Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Dr. Sat Samy
Under Secretary of State, Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy
Mr. Lieng Vuthy
Deputy Chief of Energy, Efficiency and Standard Office Department ofEnergy Technique, Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy
Mr.Chan Socheat
Manager of Electric Standard & Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Industry,
Mines and Energy (MIME)
Mr. Chan Sodavath
M. Engineering Director, Corporate Planning and Projects, Electricite
Du Cambodge (EDC)
Mr. Hing Kunthap
Consultant, Energy and Environment, Ministry of Industry, Mines andEnergyOthers
1. 3 Activities
The experts made efforts to collect information as much as possible and held a Mini-Workshop
in one and a half days of short-term work.
III-1

Although our task was conducting a survey and a workshop only on 8 October due to therestricted schedule, we completed the task as scheduled with cooperation of Cambodian
government officials, including Mr. Vuthy of the focal point. Due to this tight schedule,
unfortunately it was not possible for us to present detailed results of the survey since we had
little time for explanation.
The survey was conducted by interviewing the appropriate personnel in EDC and MIME in
accordance with the questionnaire that had been sent in advance. A half-day workshop was heldat the main conference room of MIME with thirty participants from EDC in addition to thosefrom MIME. We had an active question-and-answer session and discussion on our lecture andsurvey.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
Development of framework and infrastructure for policies and regulative programs for energy
conservation is still in process of starting preparation.
On the other hand, in comparison, the formulation of policies related to renewable energy ismore advanced to some extent with the cooperation of NEDO and JICA etc. With regard toenergy conservation, they say that the government is proceeding with the process to request
support for policy formulation from foreign organizations including Japanese ones such as
ECCJ. Moreover, projects to construct electric power grids and power generating plants areunderway as remedies for non-electrified areas, and the plan for up to about 2015 has alreadybeing developed. This is the plan of development especially related to the ongoing power
trade agreement with Thailand, Vietnam and others. The plan consists of not only the plan toenhance power supply through the power grids of which coverage is currently 15% but also theplan of power sales to the neighbor countries such as Thailand and Vietnam by developinghydropower generation of the Mekong River water system in the Northeast region. In
particular, the government has a plan for improving rural electrification, including thedevelopment of natural renewable energy, in collaboration with the World Bank and others. In
promoting electrification, the government employs the private power policy which encourages
the private sector to take part in the government's projects to develop power plants.
In addition, electricity and fuel prices are very high due to the absence of subsidy from thegovernment. This is a right market system for energy pricing. Cost for electricity, varying
among customer sectors, is 11 to 18 cents per kWh on average, and petrol costs as expensive as
75 cents per liter. These put an enormous load on the national citizens and companies.
Combined with the shortage of power supply capacity mentioned above, this situation
contributes to the market environment in favor of energy conservation promotion.
In Cambodia, there is generally a lack of awareness on energy conservation and the government
does not have any well-defined policies for energy conservation. Therefore, these causes
various problems including the following ;(1) There is no energy standard for buildings in spite of existence of the building codes.
(2) There is little government budget for energy conservation

III-2

(3) The energy conservation program of their own cannot be implemented.
From the viewpoints mentioned above, thus, it is strongly recognized that the energy
conservation is the prioritized issue, and they also have big expectations for the PROMEEC
project continued since 2000.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
Currently, there exists no organization for implementation.
Energy infrastructure has not been sufficiently developed yet in this country affected by the war
just ended. Due to the impact of the past war, there is still a shortage of engineers andtechnicians hence it is currently difficult to study and prepare their policies for energy
conservation or establish an organization to implement energy audit.
EDC has a training center for employeses as its internal training facility. However, its
objective is limited mainly to practice related to power business, such as wiring and metering,and the program does not include any specifics of energy conservation technology. In the past,
ACE and the other organizations from EU, Japan and the United Nations such as UN ESCAP
provided training based on the job training and measuring instruments for industry and building
sectors. However, because of the small number of measuring instruments, MIME cannot
implement sufficient energy audit.
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
The hotel industry is eager to promote energy conservation because of expensive electricity anddiesel, while many industries do not use a huge amount of energy.
However, groups or associations to provide information about energy conservation tocompanies and the general public have not yet developed except the textile industry.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Cambodia is summarized
as shown in Figure-III-1 the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
For Cambodia, the survey results are summarized as follows.
First of all, the highest priority should be given to the formulation of policies for energy
conservation. In order to achieve this goal, it is important to implement the followings at thistime.
Namely, they should hurry in formulating policies. Next, they should develop a master plan, andlegislative development should be urgently carried out, including study on technical / financial
support for energy conservation promotion. Furthermore, it is important to associate
successfully the power supply development currently being realized with the demand side
management (DSM) to be further developed. In other words, they should proceed with this,effectuating the relationship with the PROMEEC project and the Action Plan of MIME that isincluded in a program conducted under the cooperation of UNDP/the World Bank.
In addition, regarding the technical infrastructure, it is required to develop facilities for capacity

III-3

building of the persons in charge of energy audit and the training for EE&C conducted by theteam of MIME.

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
A seminar-workshop was held at the main conference room of MIME on 8 October, with nearly
thirty participants mainly from MIME. The presentations by ECCJ consisted of the following
two topics. We left out the preliminary survey results from our presentations since we did nothave time to summarize them and our time was also limited.
1) Principle of Energy Management (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert, ECCJ)
2) Energy Management System in Japan (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager, ECCJ)
Participants in Cambodia were quiet and gave us modest questions and comments. However,they were very eager to listen to our presentations taking notes seriously, without making any
noise. We received comments from participants that our presentations provided them withmuch information and were very useful for them.

4.2 Results of Discussion
As mentioned above, we were not able to conduct discussions on results of the survey.
However, they are eager to learn as much as possible from the Japan's presentation.

Figure-III-1: Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Cambodia(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

Cambodia (As of Oct., 2004)
FutureApproach by
Cambodia

Activity Toward Future

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

III-4

Development of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1
Self-Effort for(2000-2004)
Implementation(Industry && Dissemination
Building)

IV. Lao PDR
1. Summary of Activities
1.1 Mission members
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Program Manager, ACE

1.2 Survey schedule and main interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date

Place for a meeting or a visit

Interviewees

October 9

Arrived at VientianeElectricite Du Laos (EDL)

Mr. Maypheth Phonphila and others

October 11

October 12

Ministry of Industry and Handicrafts(MIH)
Seminar - Workshop
Confirmation of the responses to thequestionnaire to the persons from MIH
Left Vientiane

Mr. Houmphone Bulyaphol andothersMr. Khamso Kouphokha

Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Mr. Houmphone Bulyaphol
Director General, Department of Electricity (EMD), Ministryof Industry and Handicrafts, Lao PDR
Mr. Khamso Kouphokham
Deputy Chief of EMD, Ministry of Industry and Handicrafts,
Lao PDR
Mr. Maypheth Phonphila
Head of Loss Reduction Unit Technical Service Department,
Electricite Du Laos (EDL)
Others
1.3
Activities
As well as the surveys in other countries, the survey was implemented by interviewing thepersons concerned in accordance with the questionnaire that had been sent in advance.
Mainly, Mr. Khamso of the focal point and persons from the Ministry of Industry andIV-1

Handicraft (MIH) including Mr. Houmphone, Director General, Department of Electricity, MIH,
were the interviewees.
Due to the availabilities of the persons concerned, the workshop was held on October 11th aftercollecting the replies to the questionnaire prepared by Mr. Khamso, before interviewing them on
October 12th. Namely, in the morning of October 11th, Mr. Khamso gave us the fulfilledquestionnaire and then we checked the responses. At the interview on October 12th, we met Mr.
Maypheth, Head of Technical Service Department, Eletricite du Laos (EDL), MIH, to ask about
mainly the current power-related projects and electricity pricing system in Lao PDR.
2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
Development of framework and infrastructure for policies and regulative programs for energy
conservation is still in process of starting preparation.
Lao PDR has not developed well-defined policies and laws for energy conservation. In thepast, request for preparation of a master plan was submitted to the Ministry of Finance, but it
was not realized. While MIH is in charge of developing policy including legislation, those arein the stage of warming ideas. However, MIH is only responsible for energy conservation ofelectricity, whereas the Ministry of Commerce is in charge of petrol, gas, and other energies.
There is no special cooperation or partnership between the two ministries for the time being.
Considering the fact that 99% of electric power depends on hydropower generation, energy
price is relatively high in Lao PDR. That is, the price of electric power ranges from 3 to 4 cents
per kWh, the average prices of petrol and diesel oil are respectively 60 cents per liter (petrol)and 43 cents per liter (diesel oil). However, these costs are less expensive, in comparison withthose in Cambodia which has a similar economic environment. Among these energies, thegovernment provides a subsidy of about 3 cents per kWh for electric power for residential use.
Moreover, the price of electric power shall be approved by the government, MIH are
implementing the policy to increase electricity price by 2 to 3% every month under the system.
However, the increase in the price has been suspended for these several months since consumers
complain about the policy. The price by April 2005 has already been fixed.
Japan has been assisting the country through JICA and NEDO by providng technical support todevelop the Industrial Standard, making a comprehensive program of small hydropower
generation, and planning hybrid power (solar and hydro) generation. The World Bank also
cooperates with the country, for example, through the Energy Loss Reduction Program and theDSM project. There is a study on establishing a labeling system common to Thailand and Lao
PDR, but any concrete plans have not been established.
Much remains to be done in terms of policy making. An impressive comment from a person
concerned was that the absence of policy represented the major obstacle to energy conservation.

2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
Currently, there exists no organization for implementation.
In the past, DANIDA from Denmark conducted training for energy audit, lighting,IV-2

instrumentation, etc. targeting to officials of MIH. Korea has also invited trainees to provide
training in the country. The trainees performed energy audit by themselves after the training, butthey could not understand the methods of analysis and calculation due to their lack ofexperience. In addition, MIH held a local seminar-workshop with a small budget of US$900.
EDL has a training center, where the company provides their employees with education only
about wiring and metering. Meanwhile, that does not include any consistent, systematic lectureson energy conservation.
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
In general, activities are slow.
However, we obtained a report that Beer Lao, a representative company in this country, wasconsidering a CDM proposal in collaboration with Japan. The company also carries out brisk
activities including their study on purchasing energy efficient air compressors.
On the other hand, according to a participant in the workshop from a Pepsi factory, the company
is promoting energy conservation and the problem for them is that the information about
technology for energy conservation is limited in Lao PDR. Although large companies
including some hotels are carrying out energy conservation activities, it appears to be difficult torequire the private sector to make an effort to conserve energy voluntarily without the policy
well-directed by the government.
In addition, Lao PDR has not yet had any association or group in the industry or building
sectors. We felt that the establishment of an organization to provide the private sector withinformation about energy conservation including the government's policy throughout the wholecountry would be an issue considered in the distant future.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Lao PDR is summarized
as shown in Figure-IV-1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
For Lao PDR as well, the formulation of policies for energy conservation should be highly
prioritized. In order to achieve this goal, it is important to implement the followings at this time.
Any specific activities to address abovementioned matters were not unfortunately found.
Therefore, some concrete suggestions were made, emphasizing that this country should, first ofall, organize a team to develop, integrate the policy ideas that bureaucrats have in their mind,
and draft policies including the strategies and guidelines to realize the policy. After then, it
would be better to discusss based on the drafts.

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
The seminar- workshop was held on October 11th at a MIH's building with about twenty
participants from the private sector including buildings such as factories (e.g. Pepsi) and Lao

IV-3

Plaza Hotel energy audited in 2003. Mr. Houmphone, Director General, Department ofelectricity took part in the workshop.
The presentations by ECCJ were as follows:
1) Principle of Energy Management (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert)
2) Energy Management System in Japan and Summary of Survey Results (Mr. Yoshida, General
Manager)
Participants understood these presentation well and the question-and-answer and discussion
were very active.
4.2 Results of Discussion
The Lao government successfully arranged the workshop. Besides, the workshop provided an
opportunity of exchanging opinions between government officials and participants from theprivate sector. This was a good and fruitful result for this country to just develop policies forenergy conservation from now on.
In the seminar-workshop, there were many questions about Japanese Industrial Standards androles of the government in promoting energy conservation. There were also a request forprovision of measuring instruments from Japan.
In the session to exchange opinions among the participants, a person in charge of energy fromone factory told that their company addressed energy conservation and it is important to collecttechnical information for this activity. This comment triggered a heated discussion. Finally, all
the participants requested that this kind of workshop and training course should be further
implemented in the future by Japanese organization, especially ECCJ, under the financial
support by the Japanese government.
Figure-IV-1: Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Lao PDR(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

Lao PDR (As of Oct., 2004)
FutureApproach by
Lao PDR

Activity Toward Future

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

IV-4

Development of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1
Self-Effort for(2000-2004)
Implementation(Industry && Dissemination
Building)

V. Vietnam
1. Summary of Activities
1.1 Mission members
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Program Manager, ACE

1.2 Survey schedule and main interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date

Place for a meeting or a visit

Interviewees

October 12
October 13

Arrived at Hanoi
Electricity of Viet Nam
Ministry of Industry

Mr. Le Van Chuyen and others
Mr. Vu Van Thai and others

October 14

Seminar - Workshop

October 15

Left Hanoi

Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Mr. Vu Van Thai
Deputy Director General, Department of International Cooperation,
Ministry of Industry (MOI)
Mr.Ngo Huy Toan
Energy expert, Department of International Cooperation, Ministry ofIndustry
Mr. Nguyen Dinh Hie Deputy Director, Department of Science and Technology, Ministry ofIndustry
Mr. Nguyen Ba Vinh Senior Energy Expert, Department for Science and Technology inIndustry
Mr. Le Van Chuyen
Vice Director, Business & Rural Electrification Department, Electricityof Viet Nam (EVN)
Mr. Phan Minh Tuan Director, International Cooperation Dept. Electricity of Viet Nam
Others
1.3 Activities
The survey team visited Electricity of Vietnam (EVN, a state-owned company under the
management of Ministry of Industry), Ministry of Industry (MOI) and Ministry of Science andV-1

Technology (MOST) to have interviews with the persons concerned on October 13th, and theseminar-workshop was held on October 14th. Unfortunately, the reply to the questionnaire wasprepared in Vietnam due to their busy timing to hold ASEM etc. The survey was implemented
by interviewing the concerned persons. Nevertheless, high level officials including Mr. Vu
Van Thai (a SOE leader), Deputy Director General, Department of International Cooperation of
MOI and Mr. Phan Minh Tuan, Director, International Cooperation Department of EVN
attended the interview meetings with the survey team to cooperate with the survey. Mr. Phongfrom MOI, who is a focal point, arranged the required visits to the related organizations andjoined the survey as a member of the survey team.
An English/Vietnamese interpreter was hired for presentations and discussions in the workshop.
Participants in Vietnam were satisfied with the results of the workshop in which very active
question - and answer and discussion were made.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
The Energy Conservation Decree (hereinafter referred to as “EC Decree”) became effective on
September 13 2003 and further development of ministerial regulations is now in process toactually enforce the EC Decree.
In July 2004, MOI issued an initial circular (guideline) mainly on the designated factories forenergy management and energy managers. Currently, MOI is preparing the additional circularregarding the matters which require coordination with other ministries, such as the support
program, organizations for implementation, and labeling. At the same time, MOI officials
implement seminars to explain about how to enforce the law, including lectures on the EC
Decree and the details of the circulars, across the country.
Under this circumstance, MOI has a problem of the shortage of human resources forformulating circulars and implementing seminars for the time being. The Ministry hopes that
foreign countries including Japan offer support to solve this kind of problem. According to them,compared with other countries, there are only five staffs in Vietnam to cover thirty industrial
sectors. Furthermore, they have an intention to develop a system for enforcing law and an
implementation organization such as ECCJ, studying the cases of Japan or Thailand in the near
future. Therefore, MOI would like to request Japan to provide supports for the abovementioned
activities.
On the other hand, Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) concluded activities in linewith a series of programs according to the master plan which had been prepared withcooperation of European countries including the Netherlands since 1995 when the Ministry was
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (MOSTE), with effectuation of the EC
Decree in last year. Under the EC Decree, MOST currently plays a role of giving technicalsupport in collaboration with MOI. More specifically, its major responsibility related to the
EC Decree is the standardization including standard / criteria of energy management andlabeling. In addition, the MOST is proceeding with energy conservation promotion in small
and medium enterprises of which number is approximately 120,000, as a part of the Vietnam

V-2

Energy Conservation Program (VECP) in collaboration with MOI. For that purpose, it isrequired for Vietnam to develop a new master plan focused on enhanced international
collaboration and competitiveness with a future vision.
Many Ministries are involved in the enforcement of the EC Decree and the coordination among
the Ministries has not successfully worked. Moreover, small and medium enterprises havecome under the control of the local autonomy (prefecture level), and it is in process of realizing
the plan to set up Energy Conservation Centers (ECCs) to implement training and energy audit
at ten places in the country. EVN also continues activities directed toward its privatization,
including activities to promote the introduction of IPP. Electricity prices currently ranges from
2.6 cents/kWh to 16.6 cents/kWh according to demand.
Regarding the prices of energy, the electric power price ranges 8 to 11 cents/kWh for residential
use and 6 to 8 cents/kWh for industrial use respectively and the overall average price is as
relatively low as about 3 cent/kWh probably because approximately 50% of electricity is sharedby hydropower. A limited amount of electricity is eventually exported (the price is 6
cents/kWh) although the demand for electricity is increased about by 15% per year. The
country has a power trade agreement with the neighboring countries such as China, Lao PDR
and Cambodia to interchange power each other. A three tariff system for electricity price is
employed with a higher price at peak period by about 30 percent. In particular for theelectricity supplied to rural areas, the government subsidizes 700 dong per kWh. In principle,
the government determines electricity prices. Ministry of Finance has planned to increaseelectricity prices so far, but the plan was rejected by Prime Minister.
As well as the other ASEAN countries, there is an absolute lack of funds for energy
conservation activities. They told that they would like to study the funding based on the Thaisystem as a model case.
In general, the public are less aware of the importance of energy conservation, and this situation
is similar to those of top management of companies and small and medium enterprises. Subsidy
from the government for energy prices results in low energy prices, which is a difficult barrier
for energy conservation promotion. Moreover, it is difficult for companies to purchase energy
efficient equipment and facilities since the government currently does not subsidize to purchaseenergy efficient equipment.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
There exist Energy Conservation Center in Ho Chi Minh City and others (five centers have been
established in the past, but they do not function properly except for some), Hanoi University ofTechnology (HUT), an education and training school of EVN and so on.
However, these implementation organizations have problems with their roles and budget, since
the current EC Decree does not define the roles of organizations for energy conservation.
Moreover, the existing centers have a problem with a lack of human resources and theircapacities.
EVN owns Electricity College for education for mainly their employees, which provide
curricula including curriculum on energy conservation. (The College will be upgraded toV-3

University in 2006.) Furthermore, the Electricity Testing Centers conduct energy audit forelectrical facilities / equipment. The centers exist mainly in major cities such as Hanoi City and
Ho Chi Minh City, and have about one hundred staffs in total). MOI intends to place theseorganizations including HUT and ESCOs as effective implementation organization(s).
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
Overall, the activities are not so active.
This is mainly because a market environment to enhance energy conservation has not been
established due to low energy prices. As a result, awareness on energy conservation among
companies is generally weak.
Moreover, the government has not yet established the financial support system such as a
low-interest loan for energy conservation promotion, which is another big barrier to promoteenergy conservation. And, the government has not yet established any standards and guidelines
for energy conservation.
Thus, in fact, top management of a company is less aware of the importance of energy
conservation. In particular, the awareness is weaker in small and medium enterprises. On theother hand, it is also difficult to obtain information useful to study the technologies andactivities for energy conservation.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Vietnam is summarized asshown in Figure-V-1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
For Vietnam, it is important to immediately develop specific regulations including guideline for
enforcing the EC Decree, based on which to develop the implementation organization(s).
First of all, with regard to the development of specific regulations, it is required to organize ataskforce consisting of members from the concerned Ministries and governmental/privateorganizations or companies and to prioritize the following activities.
(1)To develop the following more specifically in accordance with the EC Decree● Development of additional guidelines
1) Guideline with clarified specific job to accredit energy managers including education
2) Development of legal framework for the organization to actually implement thosementioned
3) Technical guideline for developing judgment criteria of energy management and oflabeling.
● Study on specific programs for financial support(2) To establish organizations, members and procedures for coordination between Ministries.
(3) To establish an implementation organization to implement training and energy audit
includingprograms for capacity building).

V-4

(4) To develop medium / long term plans and strategies for transition to market based energy
pricing(It targets to develop a market environment to encourage efforts by companies in the
country.)(5) To establish policies to enhance investment and technology transfer from foreign countries.
(It targets to promote the introduction of energy efficient technologies and facilities)

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
It was expected that about thirty five would participate in the workshop but many of the officials
from MOI were not able to participate due to their schedule. Eventually, there were about
twenty participants including Mr. Nguyen Dinh Hiep, Depty Director, Department of Scienceand Technology of MOI. The following topics were presented.
● Current Status and Activities on Energy Conservation and Efficiency in Vietnam(Mr. Phong, Science and Technology Dept., MOI)
● Energy Management Principle (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert, ECCJ)● Energy Management System in Japan (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager, ECCJ)● Summary of Survey Results (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager, ECCJ)
High-level officials such as Mr. Vu Van Thai from MOI and Mr. Phan Minh Tuan from EVN
hoped to participate in this workshop, but they could not join because of a sudden change intheir schedule on that day.
4.2 Results of Discussion
We had a lively question-and-answer session and discussion, which resulted in a profound andgood workshop.
Finally, the workshop was closed with the comment from Vietnamese participants to us thatthey were surprised and appreciated that we had adequately summarized the results of thecurrent situation survey conducted for only one day, from which we produced the proposals
mentioned above.

V-5

Figure-V-1: Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Vietnam(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort
Progress in EE&C

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Vietnam (As of Oct., 2004)
FutureApproach

Activity Toward Future

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

V-6

Development of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1
Self-Effort for(2000-2004)
Implementation(Industry && Dissemination
Building)

VI. Indonesia
1. Summary of Activities
1.1 Mission members
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.) Program Manager, ACE
1.2 Survey schedule and main interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date

Place for a meeting or a visit

Interviewees

November 28
November 29
November 30

Arrived at Jakarta
KONEBA, PLN, Plangi
ACE, Ministry of Energy

Mr. Paulus Pulungan and others
Ms Maryam Ayuni and others

December 1

Seminar - Workshop
Left Jakarta

Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Ms Maryam Ayuni

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources(MEMR)
Mr. Gannet Pontjowinoto
President, PT. KONEBA (persero)
Mr. Paulus Pulungan
PT. KONEBA (persero )Ms.Julia Indrayani Puar
PT. KONEBA (persero)
Mr. Ignatius Suwardjaka
PT. KONEBA (persero)
Mr. Nasrullah Salim,Energy
Researcher, Pelangi
Mr.Ananta b. Gondomono
Research & Program Director, Pelangi
Mr. Syaiful B Ibrahim
Power Economist, PLN (peresero)
Others(Note) 1) KONEBA is a state-owned implementation organization for energy conservation,
which
carries out training, energy audit and so on.
2) PLN is a state-owned electric power company.
3) Pelangi is a private think tank for energy and environment focusing on projects related
to the Kyoto Protocol.

Ⅵ-11.3 Activities
The survey was carried out by eventually interviewing them in accordance with thequestionnaire that had been sent in advance. The survey team visited the organizations
mentioned above to have an interview with the persons concerned by confirming or obtaining
the responses to the questionnaire. The survey results were summarized as follows.
On the final day, the seminar-workshop was held for the purpose of both enhancing theparticipants’ understanding of energy management including the practice and activities realizedin Japan, and explaining / discussing the preliminary results of survey. Although this was asmall workshop attended by twenty five concerned persons, all the participants made very
active discussion and the workshop was successful.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
The “Energy Law” is in process of legislation in the parliament. The development of ministerial
regulation was already started, though there has not been any specific expectation on a date andso on to enforce the law.
On the other hand, energy prices are cheap since the government subsidizes prices of electricity
and so forth. It is a very big and tough issue for the government to eliminate the subsidies forenergy price. While the government is making effort to reduce those subsidies in energy pricing,
the actual progress is not good because there has been a strong resistance by the citizens againstit.
The draft of “Energy Law” was prepared and started discussion for in 1999. Spending five
years, the bill for discussion has been recently submitted to the parliament. However, it is notclear when the Law would pass the parliament to be enforced actually, partly because of the newinauguration of President Yudhoyono through the presidential election in September 2004.
However, it is worth remarking the following progress.
(1) "Green Energy Policy" was established and the law is in process of legislation.
(2) The country established national standards for energy conservation(3) The energy conservation regulations for especially governmental buildings were enacted ina form of the Ministerial or Presidential Decrees.
(4) Specific study and discussion are in process toward enacting the “Energy Law” by the“Energy Resources Committee” including some working groups organized under
BAKOREN (National Energy Coordinating Board) which is the inter-ministry organization
for coordination.
The “Energy Law” consists of the three major articles ; category of supply side, category of
demand side and penalty. The law is a general stipulations of a considerably wide area
covering all of the energy conservation and new energy. Thus, it is required to define more
specific regulations for energy conservation at ministerial ordinance level in the future.
Moreover, although the subsidies for energy prices are being decreased slightly and the recent

Ⅵ-2

typical prices of electricity and petrol were increased up to 6.2 yen per kWh up and 31yen perliter respectively, the increase in energy prices has been suspended again since the recent change
in the regime. Government officials and some enlightened persons from the private sector
recognize that this situation can be not only the biggest obstacle to promote energy conservation
but also a large burden of as much as US$1 billions for its national budget, as well as the hotbedof fraudulent transaction by exploiting a large difference in prices between the neighborcountries where fuels are more expensive. Nevertheless, that situation has not been improved.
However, projects including diversification of energy resources are underway. In October
2004, the committee to study on introduction of incentive was organized and started to conduct
activities for the introduction of energy conservation and new energy. An organization called
as “National Investment Productivity” (PT PNM), which is under the control of the Central
Bank, provides the small and medium enterprises with low interest rate loans.
Among other efforts of MEMR, it can be cited that MEMR develops the guidelines for energy
management and implements the labeling of electrical appliances through the Product
Certificate Institution. Moreover, MEMR implements the DSM (Demand Side Management)
program in the energy consumed industries such as steel, cement and textile industries, which isa main activity of energy conservation, combined with DSM and SSM (Supply SideManagement) programs implemented by PLN. According to PLN, their DSM program has
been successful to date.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
KONEBA and registered companies (nine at present) implement energy audit and training.
KONEBA, established in 1987 as a state-owned energy conservation company, owns facilities
for energy audit and conducts training for energy conservation. However, KONEBA faceddifficulties in recruiting / maintaining experts who conduct evaluation or training (less thantwenty experts at present) because their business environment has become less stable in addition
to the changes in management environment. Under the above condition, other nine registeredprivate companies carry out training independently or in collaboration with KONEBA.
Additionally, KONEBA provides consultancy services including many kinds of energy audit
and various studies related to governmental policies. Thus, KONEBA is the only existing
main implementation organization. Reinforcement of the organization, including the official
assignment of specific roles, should be considered in the legislation of Energy Law.
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
Due to the current market environment in which energy prices are low as mentioned above, it
can be said that the awareness about energy conservation is not high as a whole.
However, some companies are eager to address energy conservation. For example, PNL is
conducting very lively activities for energy conservation (under the excellent management
environment). Under the DSM, the company succeeded in preparing funds to introduce CFLs
at home and instead charging less for the electricity consumed by the households where CFLs
were introduced. 35,000,000 CFLs have been introduced to the houses so far and it is estimated

Ⅵ-3

that the number of the CFLs introduced would reach 50,000,000 in total next year.
In terms of energy issue, moreover, it is worth remarking that environmental NGOs such as
Pelangi carry out activities aimed at activating the activities in business related to CDM in
conjunction with related organizations in Indonesia and abroad. Indonesia also ratified the
Kyoto Protocol in early 2004 and Pelangi serves as one of the governmental think tanks to study
on specific activities for CDM. Based on the understanding of the situation in Indonesia,
planning to introduce funds and technology from foreign countries by utilizing CDM in the
future would be one of the policies to breakthrough the current situation of energy market with adistorted energy pricing system.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Indonesia is summarized
as shown in Figure-VI-1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Improvement Based on Results of Survey
The following will be immediate objectives, based on the survey results as described above.
(1) Development of more specific and simplified regulations for energy conservation under the
Energy Law which is currently under discussion in the parliament.
Opinions from the private sector should be also reflected in energy conservation policies
and legislation.
(2) Enhanced efforts to create an economic environment where energy prices can be set basedon market principles.
It is expected that appropriate competitions and energy conservation activities become
more avtive.
(3) Consideration of possibility to appropriately utilize CDM as one of the ideas to restructure
the energy market.
(4) Reinforcement of capabilities of energy conservation implementation organizations
The roles of the implementation organizations should be clearly defined by the Energy
Law.
Reorganization of implementation organizations by making full use of their existing
specialty
Improvement of capacities of trainers and energy auditors

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
The participants made a very active discussion including question-and-answer. They are from
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Ministry of Industry, KONEBA, research
institutions such as university, and the private sector, although the number of them was as small
as twenty five.
The following were presented by ECCJ.
(1) Principle of Energy Management (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert)

Ⅵ-4

(2) Energy Management System in Japan and Summary of Survey Results (Preliminary)(Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)
4.2 Results of Discussion
The discussions on the Japan's presentations were very active.
Some participants asked us the possibility for them to take training courses in Japan on energy
management. In response to their questions, it was reported that ECCJ planned the training
course focusing on policy related matters in February 2005 and that MEMR would work tocollect applicants and select candidates.（It was actually carried out in January 2005)
Figure-VI-1: Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Indonesia(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort
Progress in EE&C

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Indonesia (As of Nov., 2004)
SMEsFuture

PROMEEC Toward Future

Approach
KONEBA,etc.

DSM byPLN

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

Think-tank(Pelangi, etc.)

Ⅵ-5

Development of Tool
To DisseminateSelf-Effort for
PROMEEC
Implementation
Phase – 1
& Dissemination(2000-2004)(Ind. & Build.)

VII. Singapore
1. Summary of Activities
1.1 Mission members
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.) Program Manager, ACE
1.2 Survey schedule and main interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date

Place for a meeting or a visit

December 1

Arrived at Singapore

December 2

National Environment Agency
Industry Committee for Energy
Efficiency (ICEE)
Seminar - Workshop

December 3

Interviewees
Mr. A. Ram Bhaskar and others
Mr. Vincent Low Loke Kiong
and others

Left Singapore
Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Mr. A. Ram Bhaskar
Chief Engineer (Energy Conservation) Resource Conversion
Department, National Environment Agency, Singapore
Mr. Pang Hian Kiat Eddie Engineer, Resource Conversion Department, National Environment
Agency, Singapore
Mr. Vincent Low Loke Kiong Chairman Industry Committee for Energy Efficiency, Singapore
Association for Environmental Occupational Health & Safety
Company (SAFECO)
Ms. Kavita Gandhi
Manager, Singapore Association for Environmental Occupational
Health & Safety Company (SAFECO)
Mr. Zulkarnain B H Umar Engineer, Consumer Education, Energy Market Authority
Others
1.3 Activities
The survey was carried out by interviewing the persons in accordance with the questionnairethat had been sent in advance. The survey team visited the organizations mentioned above to

VII-1

have an interview with the persons concerned by confirming or obtaining the responses to thequestionnaire. The survey results were summarized as follows.
On the final day, the seminar-workshop was held for the purpose of both enhancing theparticipants’ understanding of energy management including the practice and activities realizedin Japan, and explaining / discussing the preliminary results of survey. That was the small
workshop (meeting) with twelve participants. Nevertheless, all the participants made lively
and fruitful discussions including opinion exchange between government officials and people
from the private sector in this workshop as well.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
There are regulations to promote energy conservation for buildings. However, they haveestablished policies for energy conservation promotion emphasizing environmental protection
based on the market principles. Thus, Singapore is one of model countries with well-developed
policy infrastructure among Southeast Asian countries.
Basically, policies and voluntary efforts by the private sector are prioritized rather thanregulations in this country, and infrastructure development is more widespread compared withother ASEAN countries. Like Japan, Singapore highly depends on foreign countries in termsof energy. The country has a more serious problem than Japan with energy supply since noother energy source than utilization of sunlight cannot be expected even in case of new andrenewable. Accordingly, energy conservation is a matter of highest priority in energy policies
which center on energy conservation and environmental protection, because the country has no
choice other than energy conservation for improving its energy condition. Energy prices are
based on market principles and a healthy environment for energy conservation has been
established. In this connection, electricity and petrol cost 8 to 10 yen per kWh and 72 yen perliter, respectively. The prices are still lower than those of Japan, but are higher compared withother Southeast Asian countries.
Policies have already been established in 2002 under the designation of the “Singapore GreenPlan”. An energy conservation program is being implemented in accordance with thethree-year-plan that is further detailed based on the policy. The country carries out the program
based on the “three P (Public/Private/People) partnership” which respects the initiative ofprivate companies. At the same time, the country regulates building and transportation sectors
which consume a huge amount of energy. For buildings, the regulations on design were
enforced in 1979. Currently, for further improvement in evaluation criteria with an increased
flexibility in application, the regulations independently introduce the ETTV (Envelop Thermal
Transmittance Value) as one of the indices related to insulation instead of OTTV.
The country implements policies by organizing the National Energy Efficiency Committee(NEEC) and five sub-committees under it. People from universities and the private sector are
included as members of the Committee. The Committee carries out characteristic activities asfollows.
(1) In the industry sector, petroleum refinery/chemistry companies voluntarily and jointlyVII-2organize an energy audit team. Energy conservation audit and the improvement based on
results of the energy audit are being implemented at an interval of about five years.
(2) Implementation of labeling of home appliance and automobile fuels by voluntary efforts ofmanufacturers(3) Consideration of accreditation of ESCO (aiming at implementation in April 2005)(4) Consideration of training and a accrediting system for energy managers (aiming at
implementation in 2005 to 2006)
An incentive/disincentive system has been established in order to promote further energy
conservation. As incentive measures, the following are established.
(1) System to exempt customs duties levied on imported appliances except for cars
(2) Low interest financing program called as the “Environmental Sustainability Fund”
This was introduced in 2001 to introduce facilities and technology for energy conservationand new energy(3) “Accelerated depreciation” system
This was introduced in 1997 and is applied to the introduction of specified energy efficient
appliances.
On the other hand, as disincentive measures, the following are established.
(1) System in which the annual total number of cars newly registered is restricted and eachowner shall purchase a certificate valid for ten years(2) Electronic Road System in which a toll is automatically charged when a car travels the roads
Compared with other countries, based on the fact mentioned above, it cannot be denied that
Singapore is one of the well developed countries in terms of the infrastructure and operation forpolicies, environment and support programs for energy conservation.
However, also in Singapore, the persons concerned in the private sector as well as government
officials show the recognition that awareness on energy conservation is not sufficient among
company workers including top management and the public people.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
Though there is no implementation organization specialized for energy conservation inparticular, training programs by utilizing the existing universities, ICEE and NGOs are carriedout. Energy audit is conducted by teams of petroleum refinery companies or ESCO.
In particular, NGEE ANN Polytech prepares a diploma course in energy efficiency andconservation and a curriculum to implement a specialist training for company workers who have
graduated from university. In addition, the National University of Singapore (NUS) is
considering a program of training and a accrediting system for energy managers under the
NEEC.
According to the persons concerned, there are still some points to be improved. Based on thisbackground, they have a wish for training in Japan and the universities described their request
informally early this year.

VII-3

2.3 Suggested and Discussed Improvement Based on Results of Survey
In general, large companies and some buildings are highly aware of energy conservation.
Among petroleum refinery/chemistry companies, major companies have already organizedenergy audit teams voluntarily and carried out energy audit in each factory. In addition, a
subsidiary company of Singapore Power established the “Energy Efficiency Center” where there
are a variety of exhibitions aimed at educating and enlightening general consumers and children
on energy conservation. We did not visit private companies except for ICEE this time. We
cannot, therefore, confirm more information about the activities by private sector than that fromICCE. In fact, there are some large companies which are very serious about energy
conservation from the viewpoint of business, but overall awareness of energy conservation has
not been sufficient yet. Under this circumstance, ICEE, which has 75 member companies,
realized inter-industry and inter-company activities by conducting walk-through energy audit
with funds from the member companies and cooperating with the diploma course for energy
conservation by universities as mentioned above through dispatch lecturers and arrangement offactory visit. They feel an importance of preparing guidelines for energy conservation
especially in the industrial sector, and of information from foreign countries including Japan.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Singapore is summarized
as shown in Figure-VII-1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
The following will be immediate objectives, based on the survey results as described above.
(1) Consolidation or reorganization of implementation organization for energy conservation
The consistent activities for energy conservation should be facilitated to enhance awarenessof energy conservation among all the industries and a company as a whole.
Moreover, the implementation organization is expected to bridge between the government
and the private sector.
(2) Development of guidelines for energy conservation for the industry sector(3) Enhancement of capacity of the persons in charge of energy management(4) Utilization of international cooperation in order to promote the above-mentioned activities

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
Twelve people took part in the workshop from the government, universities, and privatecompanies such as ESCO. Participants who play different roles in energy management
gathered together and made very active and fruitful discussion including question and answer.
The workshop was very effective for the participants to reflect the results on their business.
Our presentation was about the following three.
The following were presented by ECCJ.
(1) Principle of Energy Management (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert)

VII-4

(2) Energy Management System in Japan and Summary of Survey Results (Preliminary)(Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)
4.2 Results of Discussion
The discussions on the Japan's presentations were very active.
In particular, there was a heated discussion on the above-mentioned measures for improvement.
Moreover, there were active question and answers on the energy management system in Japan.
On this occasion, there were again request and enquiry as to the training in Japan on energy
management.
(Currently, the requirement is in process in the Singaporean government including their decisionof submission of the official request to Japan.).
Figure-VII-1: Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Singapore(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

Priority :PolicySingapore (As of Dec., 2004)
FutureApproach
University,
etc.

PROMEEC Toward Future
Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

Association(ICEE, etc.)

VII-5Development of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1
(2000-2004)(Ind. & Build.)

VIII．Brunei Darussalam
1.
Summary of Activities
1.1 Dispatched member
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Program Manager, ACE

1.2 Survey schedule and major interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date
December 4

Meeting or persons to visit
Arrived at Bandar Seri Begawan
Ministry of Development

December 6

Major interviewees in visiting
placesMr. Amir Sharifuddin Hj Ali, others

Seminar - Workshop
Left Bandar Seri Begawan

Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Mr. Haji Ismail Puteh
Head of Corporate Planning and Services, Department ofElectrical Services, Ministry of Development (DES)
Mr. Dennis Tet Yin Wong
Head of Building Services Section, Department of Electrical
Services, Ministry of Development
Mr. Amir Sharifuddin Hj Ali Department of Electrical Services, Ministry of Development
Mr. Lim Cheng Guan
Superintendent Engineer, Department of Electrical Services,
Ministry of Development
Others
1.3 Activities
The survey was conducted by interviewing the persons in accordance with the questionnaires
sent in advance. The survey team visited the organizations mentioned above to have aninterview with the persons concerned by confirming or obtaining the responses to thequestionnaire. The survey results were summarized as follows.
On the final day, the seminar-workshop was held for the purpose of both enhancing theparticipants’ understanding of energy management including the practice and activities realizedin Japan, and explaining / discussing the preliminary results of survey.
VIII-1

The interviewees were limited to persons from the Department of Electric Services (DES), andno one in charge of developing policies from both Prime-minister’s Office and DES could
attend the meeting. Meanwhile, 31 persons participated in the workshop and active discussions
were made.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
While Brunei has affluent resources of petroleum and natural gas and the policies on energy
security on petroleum and gas and environmental protection have been established, those do notinclude any policy specialized in energy conservation. The Prime-minister’s Office (PMO)
developed the National Development Plan, for the purpose of realizing the policy, and the
National Energy Committee was organized and operated by the Petroleum Unit under PMO.
Each Ministry or Agency carries out the policies under it.
On the other hand, the Ministry of Development developed the 5 Year Plan for National
Economic Development (the latest one is the 8th plan for 2001 to 2005) in line with developmentof electric power and gas. The plan includes the diversification of economy by introducing
industries such as aluminum smelting utilizing domestic abundant energy resources. Thus, inaddition to energy diversification for reducing the dependence on petroleum and natural gas
resources, energy conservation has become an important issue among the energy policies.
As for the environmental policy, the National Committee on Environment has developed andoperates the National Environment Strategy.
Under the policy, the improvements in efficiency of electric power generation and electric
supply, and Demand Side management (DSM) in the electric sector have been implemented as
activities for energy conservation. Moreover, the public campaign is implemented to enhance
understanding on the importance of energy conservation and environmental protection and theactivities to revise or add to the existing codes on heat insulation for building currently focusedon hygiene codes.
However, the government does not collect taxes from citizens and provides citizens with various
supports, which may result in weakening the public awareness on the importance of energy
conservation. Currently, the energy prices are very cheap, namely the electric power costs 3
Yen/kWh, petrol and diesel oil cost 30 Yen per liter and 24 Yen per liter respectively in spite of
the situation that refined oil is imported. It seems tough to establish the normal energy market
where energy is priced only by the economic principle such as demand-supply balance. In
addition, the cost of energy conservation equipment is expensive. Those factors badly affect thepromotion of energy conservation in this country.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
Although there are no special implementation organizations, DES and Petroleum Unit haveplayed a role of the actual implementation organizations.
Meanwhile, the Institute of Technology in Brunei (ITB) has been carrying out the university’s

VIII-2

zero- energy project focused on passive design, or project of model house equipped withphotovoltaic cells. (NEDO and JICA were said to be cooperators.)
Further, the university provides curriculums including the energy conservation course andconsiders preparing an energy audit program.
However, from a viewpoint of consistency of the implementation, it was difficult to identify theorganization which coordinates the activities for energy conservation by these implementation
organizations under the policy.
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
Voluntary energy conservation promotion activities in private sector are limited.
As aforementioned, due to low energy prices and high cost of energy efficient appliances,energy conservation has not been promoted. Under the circumstance, the projects in connection
with CDM to introduce the efficient power generators and power distribution are under way.
However, most of the equipment is imported, which may be technical barriers for inspection andmaintenance of the equipment.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Brunei is summarized asshown in Figure-VIII-1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Improvement Based on Results of Survey
The following will be immediate objectives, based on the survey results as described above.
(1) Organization of a taskforce consisting of members from the concerned Ministries andAgencies to develop the specific action plan and a strategy.
(2) Strengthened education to enhance the awareness of the public people and employees ofenterprises.
(3) Introduction of a taxation system aiming at financial sources for energy conservation toestablish budget

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
31 persons from Ministry of Development, Prime Minister’s Office, Ministry of Industry andPrimary Resources, Ministry of Health and university participated in the workshop.
The following three were presented by ECCJ.
(1) Principle of Energy Management (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert)(2) Energy Management System in Japan and Summary of Survey Results (Preliminary)(Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)
The participants made very active questions and discussions on the survey results and the
proposed measures for improvement. This was a valuable opportunity to exchange opinions andalso obtain new information.

VIII-3

4.2 Results of discussions
As abovementioned, active questions and discussions were made on the presentations provided
by ECCJ.
Through the discussions, it became clear that some government officers have earnestly been
dealing with measures for environmental protection including energy conservation in the futurewith a serious sense of crisis.
The discussion in the workshop clarified the fact that various information was not shared evenamong concerned persons from the same government.
As a result, the workshop not only deepened the understanding of energy management for the
related persons in Brunei, but also could give the participants a good opportunity to share theinformation.
Figure-VIII-1：Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Brunei
Darussalam(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

FutureApproach by
Brunei Dar.

Brunei Darussalam(As of Dec., 2004)
Activity Toward Future

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

VIII-4Development of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1
Self-Effort for(2000-2004)
Implementation(Industry && Dissemination
Building)

IX. Malaysia
1.
Summary of Activities
1.1 Dispatched member
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Program Manager, ACE

1.2 Survey schedule and major interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date
Meeting or persons to visit
December 6
Arrive at Kuala Lumpur
Ptm/ Ministry of Energy, Water andDecember 7
Communication (MEWC)
Energy Commission
December 8

Major interviewees in visiting places
Dr. Anuar Abdul Rahman, others
Mr. Ir. Francis Xavier Jacob, others

Seminar - Workshop
Leave Kuala Lumpur

Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Dr. Anish Kumar Roy
Undesecretary, Ministry of Electricity, Water andCommunication (hereinafter referred to as “MEWC”)
Dr. Anuar Abdul Rahman
Chief Executive Officer/Director, Ptm (Malaysia Energy
Centre)Ms. Azah Ahmad Research
Officer, Energy Industry & Sustainable Development
Division, Ptm (Malaysia Energy Centre)
Mr.Abdul karim Abdul Bari
Project Manager, Energy Industry & Sustainable
Development Division, Ptm(Malaysia Energy Centre)
Mr.Asfazam Kasbani
Program Manager, Energy Industry & Sustainable
Development Division, Ptm(Malaysia Energy Centre)
Mr. Ir. Francis Xavier Jacob
Deputy Director, Energy Efficiency & Innovation
Department, Energy Commission
Ms. Nurhafize Binti Mohd Hasan Assistant Director Energy Efficiency & Innovation
Department, Energy Commission
Others

IX-1

1.3 Activities
The survey was conducted by interviewing the persons in accordance with the questionnaires
sent in advance. The survey team visited the organizations mentioned above to have aninterview with the persons concerned by confirming or obtaining the responses to thequestionnaire. The survey results were summarized as follows.
On the final day, the seminar-workshop was held for the purpose of both enhancing theparticipants’ understanding of energy management including the practice and activities realizedin Japan, and explaining / discussing the preliminary results of survey.
The persons from Ptm and Energy Commissions were interviewed. Confirming responses to thequestionnaires, the interview was conducted smoothly and efficiently. Meanwhile, in addition topersons from the government side including NEWC and Ptm, about 30 persons from theimplementation organizations or institutes, universities and the private sector participated in theseminar workshop, and active discussions were made.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
The policy to promote energy conservation is basically market-oriented (not directive) andrespects the voluntary effort by the private sector, while the country intends to legislate theregulation on electric power.
Namely, Malaysia is in the process of legislation of the “Energy Efficiency Regulation on
Electricity.” The law aims to reduce energy (electricity) consumption in the designated factories
or buildings where more than 6 million kWh per annum is consumed.
The policy, however, is based on measures stemmed from “Encouragement and Promotion” intheir expression. What was established is the Energy Policy effectuated in 1979. Based on thispolicy, the latest 5-Year Plan for 2000-2005 under the 10-Year Plan for 2000-2010 was
developed. The current activities are implemented in accordance with the energy plan on“Energy Supply” and “Energy Efficiency”. The legislation of “Energy Efficiency Regulation on
Electricity is also included in the plan.
Concretely, studying “Energy Master Plan,” enforcement of the aforementioned “Energy
Efficiency Regulation on Electricity” is being expedited. The draft has already been completed,
and it is in the process of checking the law text. In line with this, the further concrete execution
procedures and plans such as qualification / accreditation system for the energy manager havebeen being developed. In addition, various incentives have been stipulated and introduced.
These are 5 categories of the system, namely “Investment Tax Allowance”, “Pioneer Tax
Allowance”, “Accelerated Capital Allowance”, “Sales Tax Exemption,” and “Import Duty
Exemption.” But due to the complicated procedure for application and unfamiliarity with the
public still now, it is said that these have not been well utilized yet.
Meanwhile, it is the fact that the government has subsidized energy prices while the country
reserves and produces the energy resources. Currently, the price of electric power is 5.5 to 6.5
yen / kWh, and that of petrol is 40yen / liter. Furthermore, the price of natural gas supplied toIX-2

the power generating companies such as TNB is also subsidized to make the electric power
price lower. Although the government also admits that this situation has become a barrier
against promotion of energy conservation as well as the other countries and the reduction inthese subsidies has been adopted in the policies, the actual realization will not be so easy. New
future schemes for financial support are being studied, and the two important policies would becoordinated taking the balance of the both.
In the meantime, Malaysia’s featured point is that the country is very active for the international
cooperative project included the DSM project such as MIEEIP (Malaysian Industrial Energy
Efficiency International Project) as a key axis for promoting energy conservation.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
As for the implementation organization, Ptm and CETREE (Center for Education and Trainingof Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency) jointly function with Energy Commission (EC)
who is an actual core institution. Applying ESCO partially, those organizations implement
training and energy audit, various projects and publicity activities. However, in addition to ashortage of trainers and auditors (especially in industrial sectors), activities of theseorganizations are actually affected by the aforementioned situation of the distorted energy
market which could be barriers against voluntary promotion of energy conservation byenterprises including improvement in their awareness. The training course for energy managers(electricity) has been conducted on a voluntary basis in view of the law enforcement in the
future. The participants are from the factories and buildings which will be stipulated to be thedesignated factories and buildings consumed 6 million kWh per annum or more by the “Energy
Efficiency Regulation (Electricity)”.
2.3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
As aforementioned, while the subsidized energy prices and affluent energy resources would
never be a good environment for promotion of energy conservation, it is true that a part ofenterprises including large enterprises are eager to implement activities for energy conservation.
The government also organized a committee for a dialogue between the government and theprivate sector, where the government provides the private sector with information on policies
and legislation or the place to discuss with the private sector.
Although the government is encouraging ESCO business as a concrete policy for promoting
market oriented activities for energy conservation, shallow understanding of contracts for ESCO
projects and a weak technical infrastructure caused by a lack of engineers available in theindustrial sector result in the fact that ESCO business is still developing mainly in the field ofbuilding. In addition, ESCO as well as other industries faces the similar difficulty of theaforementioned condition of the present energy market which causes a big problem withpromoting energy conservation projects. As a conclusion, the policy to enhance ESCO businessincludes a hard issue while there are ESCOs actively developing their business in the building
sector.
It is a fact that some enterprises, in particular, large-scale enterprises and joint ventured

IX-3

companies with foreign companies are enthusiastic to promote energy conservation and they
have dispatched employees to the abovementioned training course.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in Malaysia is summarized asshown in Fig. – IX – 1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
The following will be immediate objectives, based on the survey results as described above.
(1) Study to add thermal energy to the Energy Efficiency Law
Guidelines for the industrial sector should be included.
(2) Continued effort to gradually decrease the subsidies for energy price and study on strategies
to shift to the system for energy pricing based on market principle.
(3) Improvement in quality of energy auditors, lecturers and trainers (especially for theindustrial sector).
(4) Study to establish a single implementation organization including reorganization of theexisting organizations and institutes for the purpose of implementing consistent activities(5) Promotion of information exchange in the private sector

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
About 30 persons participated in the workshop. Participants consist of various members from
Economy Planning Unit (EPU), Ptm, CETREE (Center for Education and Training for
Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency), universities and companies in the industrial andbuilding sectors.
The following three were presented by ECCJ.
1) Principle of Energy Management (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert)
2) Energy Management System in Japan (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)3) Summary of Survey results (Preliminary) (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)
In the opening of the workshop, Dr. Anish Kumar Roy, Under Secretary of NEWC gave an
important keynote opening remarks, and finally, Dr. Anuar Abful Rahman, Ptm’s CEO, closed
the valuable workshop with his excellent speech. The workshop was fruitful through active
question - answer and discussions.
4.2 Results of Discussion
As aforementioned, active question-answers and discussions were made on the presentations
provided by ECCJ and it took longer than scheduled to close the workshop.
Energy Commission also presented the policy for energy conservation including the details of
the Energy Efficiency Regulation for electricity to be legislated. (According to the presenter,
this regulation is in process of legal check and will be completely disclosed and published after
checking.) The regulation includes the system to assign the energy manager related to theIX-4

designation of factories and buildings which consume energy of 6 million kWh or more.
It seems that the details of the policy and the regulation were not informed in the private sector.
In the workshop, the persons from the government and the private sector made a serious
discussion especially on the details of regulation and the financial supporting system. Moreover,questions concentrated on the actual status of Japan. Based on these, their arguments were reallyheated which the government policy shall base on “regulations” or “deregulations.”
Furthermore, on this background, the workshop was really successful in providing Malaysian
persons with a good opportunity to discuss the policy including the active questions andanswers on the PROMEEC Energy Management Project.
Figure-IX-1：Present Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Malaysia(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

Law Preparation

Malaysia (As of Dec., 2004)
FutureApproach

PROMEEC Toward Future
ESCO

CETREE
E. C.

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

Ptm andDevelopment of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1&2(2000 - )(Ind. & Build.)International Projects

IX-5(MIEEIP etc.)

X．Philippines
1.
Summary of Activities
1.1 Dispatched member
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop. In addition to
the experts, one staff was dispatched from the ASEAN Center for Energy (hereinafter referred toas “ACE”) to jointly carry out survey.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)
Christopher G. ZAMORA (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Program Manager, ACE

1.2 Survey schedule and major interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date

Major interviewees in visiting places

Meeting or persons to visit

December 8

Arrive at Manila

December 9

Department of Energy(DOE)
ENMAP、IIDI, ESCOs

Mr. Jesus C. Anunciasion
OthersandDecember 10 Seminar - Workshop（DOE）
December 11

Leave Manila

Names and Positions of Main Interviewees
Mr. Jesus C. Anunciasion
Chief Science Research Specialist, Energy Efficiency &Conservation Division, Department of Energy (DOE)
Mr. Marlon Romulo U. Domingo Sr. Science Research Specialist, Consultancy & Engineering
Service Section, Department of Energy (DOE)
Mr. Rosalie Joan D.R. Sotelo Sr. Science Research Specialist Technology Promotion andAssessment Section, Energy Efficiency & Conservation Division,
Department of Energy (DOE)
Ms. Alice B. Herrera
Ph.D. President Energy Management Association of thePhilippines (ENMAP)
Mr. Ron Allan B. GO-ACO Engineering Director Special Project, Honeywell (ESCO)
Mr.Jose Joey O. DE Jesus
President OSP Advantage System (ESCO)OthersX-1

1.3 Activities
The survey was conducted by interviewing the persons in accordance with the questionnaires
sent in advance. The survey team visited the organizations mentioned above to have aninterview with the persons concerned by confirming or obtaining the responses to thequestionnaire. The survey results were summarized as follows.
On the final day, the seminar-workshop was held for the purpose of both enhancing theparticipants’ understanding of energy management including the practice and activities realizedin Japan, and explaining / discussing the preliminary results of survey. About 20 persons frombuilding management companies and ESCO etc. in addition to the government participated in
the seminar-workshop and made very active discussions.
The survey team interviewed the concerned persons from the Department of Energy (DOE),
consultants and the private sector including ESCO. Confirming responses to the questionnaires,the interview was conducted smoothly and efficiently.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
Regardless of the fact that the “Energy Conservation Act” has been currently sent to the diet andit is waiting for discussions, the government policy for energy conservation is not regulatory but
based on the market mechanism. It should be particularly noted that energy prices in thePhilippine are determined by the market mechanism.
The 10-Year Philippine Energy Plan was developed by DOE and a yearly review has been
carried out each year. In the plan, energy security and energy efficiency are the important
objectives.
While the energy conservation promotion policy is based on the market mechanism, a draft ofthe Energy Conservation Act (hereinafter called as only “Energy Conservation Law”) was
prepared in 1995 and sent to the diet.
According to the obtained latest draft included in the bill of discussion submitted to the diet in
1998, the following are stipulated in the law with emphasizing the policy to enhance energy
conservation promotion for the purpose of ensuring energy security.
(1) Role of DOE to be the ministry responsible for enacting the law(2) Roles of the other ministries(3) Roles of private organizations including NGOs
(4) System for financial support and definition of the 5 project categories* including criteria for
application* : Building Energy Management System (BEMS), VAV, Driving Unit with Variable Speed
Control Motor, High Efficiency Motor, Waste Heat Recovery System(5) Penalty
Current surging crude oil prices has affected the Philippine economy, the top management of
DOE has critical acknowledgment for the oil prices to be kept around the level of USD $50 ormore still in the future and have a hope to expedite discussions in the diet and enactment of theEnergy Conservation Act.

X-2

Needless to mention, the promotion of the business by ESCO has become a big issue of thepolicy. Currently, although there are activities to establish the accreditation and registration of
ESCO and to establish an association of ESCO tentatively called as “ESCO-P”, basic mattershave not finalized yet, such as the definition of ESCO have not yet been determined (including
whether it should be defined or not). For others, in compliance with the policies, labeling forrefrigerators and lighting appliances is implemented including measurement in accordance withthe standards by LATL (Lighting & Appliances Testing Laboratory). In addition, while DSM
focused on reviewing the tariff system has been promoted, the Power Development Plan
(2005-2014) was recently completed to establish the future plan for development of electric
power supply and power trade by installation of connection grid between islands.
Currently, the energy prices in the Philippines are based on the market mechanism. (As forhousehold consumers of small quantity less than 100 kWh per year, although there still exists
financial supporting system to exempt electricity charges by 50% to 20%, this is projected torepeal in the future.) Currently, in the Manila metropolitan region, the price of electricity is 13.4
to 16.4 Yen/kWh, and that of gasoline is about 60 Yen/liter though prices varies depending on
the region. Thus, although the energy conservation seems to be situated as an important activity
for enterprises in the Philippines, in reality, the actual progress has not been good except forlarge-scale enterprises and joint-ventured companies with overseas companies. When asking
about the reasons to persons concerned, responses would return with one voice saying that there
is no special assistance from the government. In addition, it was pointed out that the business
policy of corporation, in general, to prioritize an increase in production.
As abovementioned, though the draft of the “Energy Conservation Act” includes the financial
support consisting of the exemption of tax including import duty and the fund to introduce
energy efficient equipment, it is necessary to develop more specific details and this work should
be prioritized. The current featured assistances for enterprises are free energy audit service by
DOE, seminar / training sponsored by DOE and small financial assistance for operation oftraining for energy managers by ENMAP. However, the amount of the supported fund is notlarge.
Moreover there is a committee for dialogue aiming to bridge between the government and theprivate sector.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
There are many implementation organizations / institutes.
In the government side, DOE owns teams for energy audit and training and ITDI (Industrial
Technology Development Institute) under Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
conducts energy audit. However, DOE does not own sufficient manpower and capacity to meetits demand. Besides, ENMAP, some PNOC (Philippine National Oil Company) and the NPC(National Power Company), etc. are also conducting training.
On the other hand, the curricula of these training courses are not necessarily consistent with thepresent governmental policy and the specific contents of the drafted law and the qualification oftrainers and auditors is based mainly on experience, which will result in revising the current

X-3

curricula in the future. And engineers for the industrial sector are not sufficient though some
ESCOs are very active in the business for buildings
2. 3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
Since the energy price is based on the market mechanism, it is high enough to provide a goodenvironment for promoting energy conservation. Especially, large-sized enterprises develop
very active activities for energy conservation sometimes together with ESCO.
Generally in the Philippine enterprises, while energy conservation is regarded as an important
activity, the actual situation is different except for large-sized and / or joint-ventured enterprises.
Especially the awareness on the importance of energy conservation by small and medium sizedenterprises is weak. Basically, although the increase in production is a typical business policy ofthe enterprises, there are some enterprises that have been developing the 6-Sigma activity. Thus,
the situations are various.
Meanwhile, some industrial associations have been established and they function to promote
communication and coordination between enterprises and the government. For example, theseare PHILFOODEX in the food industry and the Philippines Chamber of Commerce, etc.
In a viewpoint of financial support, as mentioned above, the present Energy Conservation Act(Draft) includes that and it is expected to enact the law as early as possible.
DOE also is implementing public enlightening activities, in the week when we visited, the“Energy Week” was set up and a variety of campaigns were carried out.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in the Philippines issummarized as shown in Fig.-X-1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
The following will be immediate objectives, based on the survey results as described above.
(1) Preparation to develop more specific regulations and guidelines under the Energy
Conservation Act
In particular, the establishment of the coordination organization between the departments
and private sectors, methodology to accredit qualified engineers for energy managers andstudy to establish implementation organization(s), etc.
(2) Establishment of complete market-based energy pricing mechanism by eliminating
subsidies electricity price for household (through improvement in public awareness).
(3) Capacity development of trainers and auditors especially for the industrial sector(4) Study to setup training courses for top management of companies to improve awareness onenergy efficiency and conservation, including implementation procedure

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
About 20 persons participated in the workshop. They are from DOE, building association andX-4

building management companies. Since it was the final day of the Energy Week sponsored by
DOE, the number of participants including key persons was small. Nevertheless, very active
and earnest discussions were made. During the seminar, Dr. Balce, DOE’s Under Secretary, and
Ms. Borra, DOE’s Director at Energy Management Bureau sometimes joined the workshop in
spite of busy event.
The following three were presented by ECCJ.
1) Principle of Energy Management (Mr. Sato, Technical Expert)
2) Energy Management System in Japan (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)3) Summary of Survey results (Preliminary) (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)
The workshop was very fruitful and effective by exchanging views between the government
officers and participants from the private sector related.
4. 2 Results of Discussion
As aforementioned, active question-answers and discussions were made on the presentations
provided by ECCJ.
In the discussions, there were questions on the procedure to apply cooperation from Japan todevelop more specific policy, regulations and guidelines for enacting “Energy Conservation
Act” in the future. Therefore, ECCJ experts explained a procedure through an official
diplomatic route.
One idea is that it would be more effective to establish a project considering the projects forenergy conservation in the food and steel industries which are being implemented by JETRO
etc.
Figure-X-1: Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in the Philippines(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status isindicated in red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

Law
Preparation

FutureApproach
DOE

Philippines (As of Dec., 2004)
PROMEEC Toward Future

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

DOE/DOST
NPC, etc.

Development of Tool
To Disseminate
PROMEEC
Phase – 1&2(2000 - )(Ind. & Build.)International Projects

X-5(GAP etc.)

ENMAP
etc.

XI．Thailand
1.
Summary of Activities
1.1 Dispatched member
The following two experts from The Energy Conservation Center, Japan (hereinafter referred toas “ECCJ) conducted a survey and participated in the local seminar – workshop.
Kazuhiko YOSHIDA (Mr.)
Takashi SATO (Mr.)

General Manager
International Engineering Department, ECCJ
Technical Expert
International Engineering Department, ECCJ

1.2 Survey schedule and major interviewees
Survey Schedule
Date
December 11
December 13

Meeting or persons to visit
Arrive at Bangkok
DEDE
ECCT, ESCO

December 14

Major interviewees in visiting places
Dr. Prasert, Mr.Pravit, Mr. Mana, andOthersMr. Phongjaroon Srisovanna
Mr. Francis R. H. Chin, et al

WorkshopNames and Positions of Main Interviewees
Mr. Mana Nitikul
Executive Director, Department of Alternative Energy
Development and Efficiency (DEDE)
Mr. Pravit Teetakeaw
Executive Director, Department of Alternative Energy
Development and Efficiency (DEDE)
Dr. Prasert Sinsukprasert
DEDE
Mr. Pinyo Tanthumart
DEDE
Mr. Danai Egkamol
Senior Engineer, DEDE
Mr. Phonjaroon Srisovanna Executive Director, Energy Conservation Center of Thailand(ECCT)
Mr. Francis R. H. Chin Managing
Director, EEC Energetics (ESCO)
Mr. Arthit Vechakij Managing Director Excellent energy International Company (ESCO)Others
1.3 Activities
The survey was conducted by interviewing the persons in accordance with the questionnaires
sent in advance. The reply was prepared and received by the survey team beforehand. The
survey team visited Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency (hereinafter

XI-1

referred to as “DEDE”) to have an interview with the persons concerned by confirming the
responses to the questionnaire. The survey esults were summarized below. On the final day, theseminar-workshop was held for the purpose of both explaining, confirming and discussing thepreliminary results of survey.
The interview was arranged and conducted in the following ways.
(1) Interview with only persons from DEDE
(2) Interview with persons from the private companies with officers from DEDE
(3) Discussion after presentations from Thai and Japanese sides
The workshop was a kind of meeting to report the preliminary results of the survey but not aseminar-workshop for the concerned persons from the other outside organizations including theprivate companies.
Although the number of attendees in the workshop was six and the participants are only from
DEDE, the discussion was very fruitful.

2. Results of Survey
2.1 Current Situations of Infrastructure for Policy and Law
The infrastructure for energy management on a regulative basis is better established among theASEAN countries. Namely, the “Energy Conservation Promotion Act” was effectuated in 1992
and various activities for energy conservation have been implemented in accordance with thelaw.
In that sense, Thailand is a contrastive model compared with Singapore.
The “Energy Conservation Promotion Act” has been being improved and the present
amendment in process is the process to submit as follows.
(1) Submission of “Target & Plan” based on a single energy audit(Unification of the preliminary and detailed energy audits)(2) Single report for monitoring and evaluation of the implemented project(Unification of the regular report on energy use and the report on evaluation of a project)
The above amendment is under process for approval as of early December 2004.
Related to the legal system of Person Responsible for Energy (hereinafter referred to as “PRE”),
moreover, the project on Practical Energy Management Training Center (hereinafter referred toas “PEMTC”) has been implemented by JICA and DEDE for the purpose of improving thequality of PRE. In the project, the trained and qualified PRE is categorized to Senior (or higher
level of) PRE and Normal (or Conventional) PRE. According to DEDE, they have a policy thatthey will stipulate these two kinds of PREs and expand roles of these PREs including
implementation of energy audit in the future in the law.
In addition, DEDE is also developing a national standard for energy management for the
purpose of enhancing energy conservation promotion in the industrial sector under one of thecommittees organized under Vice Prime minister cooperating with Ministry of Industry(hereinafter referred to as “MOI”). Those are key activities for the future improvement.
Thus, in terms of policy and regulative framework, Thailand has established a top level ofsystem in ASEAN. However, the weak point is that energy pricing is not completely based on

XI-2

the market mechanism. Specifically, the Thai government subsidizes the diesel oil price and thepower generating company (EGAT) has not been privatized yet. Therefore, it is recognizedespecially by persons from the private sector that this subsidized (cheap) energy prices can be
the actual barrier for promoting energy conservation. Typically, electric power price is 7 to 8
Yen per kWh and petrol price is about 54 Yen per liter as of December 2004.
Under these situations, it is the main policy to implement the following activities.
(1) Enhanced promotion of energy conservation by activating ESCO business(2) Labeling of electrical appliances(3) Introduction of award system for best practice in energy efficiency and conservation forbuildings
Complying with the policy, especially, EGAT is implementing labeling for home appliances and
DSM with the purpose of the peak cut.
On the other hand, a person said that in general the top management of companies hesitate toprioritize the activities for energy conservation while they have a strong awareness on theimportance of energy conservation, which symbolizes the current Thai situations.
In other words, energy conservation will be much more promoted in Thailand if the people findout a better way.
As described above, the energy conservation is an important government policy in Thailand andpeople recognize that the improvement in energy management will be very effective. Based on
their understanding, the concerned persons are trying to change their ways.
2.2 Establishment and Operation of Implementation Organizations to Implement
Energy Audit /Training
Training Division of DEDE functions as an implementation organization to train PRE under the
Energy Conservation Promotion Act. In addition, consultants including The Energy
Conservation Center of Thailand (ECCT) work as training providers.
Moreover, the Registered Consultants (RC) are implementing energy audits including
preparation of “Target and Plan” in accordance with Energy Conservation Promotion Act.
And, FTI (Federation of Thai Industries) and “One Stop Service” in DEDE contribute toimproving the awareness of enterprises through training and provision of information including
public campaigns.
However, there are some problems such as a lack of experts especially for the industrial sector
and insufficient budget.
2. 3 Activities to Promote Energy Conservation in Private Sector
Large enterprises and some ESCOs are implementing very active activities and business forenergy conservation. The general situation is that owners and top management of companies
hesitate to invest for energy conservation in business though they understand the importance ofenergy conservation to some extent. Of course, it is true that some large companies and ESCOs
invest for energy conservation. However, all the cases have not been successful. The ESCO
business in Thailand is more active mainly in the buildings and in the initial stage ofdevelopment. The key point for success would be to build a firm reliability between clients and

XI-3

ESCOs in the actual situation that the contract for ESCO has not been well understood yet. The
situation of ESCO is similar to Japanese. The persons interviewed are from a few successful
ESCOs.
Although the promotion of ESCO business is an important Thai policy, it is a fact that there aresome problems to solve such as maintaining experts for industry by training etc. An interviewee
mentioned that ESCO would not be a company for the business in all areas but for the businessbased on some specialized technologies. A person from DEDE commented that this opportunity
was very good to have known the actual situations of ESCO.
On the other hand, DEDE set up a committee for dialogue between the government and theprivate sector and is implementing the activity to promote energy conservation in the private
sector with a slogan of “All Participation”. However, as pointed out, limited available fund andweak awareness of top management especially in small and medium enterprises become the big
barriers in Thailand.
Based on the survey results mentioned above, the current situation in the Philippines issummarized as shown in Figure XI – 1 from the viewpoint of the programmed approach.

3. Suggested and Discussed Immediate Objectives Based on Results of Survey
The following will be immediate objectives, based on the survey results as described above.
(1) Continuation of activity to improve the law to effectively promote energy conservation(Amendment toward deregulation)(2) Elimination of subsidies for energy prices to ensure the energy pricing based on market
mechanism (in view of privatization of EGAT)(3) Continuation and enhancement of activities to improve understanding and awareness of top
management of enterprises on the importance of energy conservation(4) Improvement in capacity of trainer and energy auditors including PRE especially in theindustrial field(5) Revision of system to assign technical providers to establish a consistent and sustainablebasis of the implementation organization(s)(6) Development of activities to be a showcase for the other ASEAN countries

4. Results of Workshop
4.1 Summary
As aforementioned, the workshop was a kind of meeting for reporting the preliminary results ofthe survey. The participants were from only DEDE.
The following was presented by ECCJ.
1) Summary of Survey results (Preliminary) (Mr. Yoshida, General Manager)
It was possible to make a detailed discussion with concerned persons from DEDE. There isanother view that it would be better if concerned persons from both governmental and private
sectors could discuss together then.

XI-4

4. 2 Results of Discussion
Active question-answers and discussions were made on the presentations provided by ECCJ.
Among the ten countries, Thailand was the final country to visit and would be in position to leadthe other countries. Therefore, the summary of the results of surveys in the 10 countries wasbriefed in the workshop.
The following are the points of the summary.
(1) Concerning the established basis and infrastructure of energy management, Thailand would
be a leading showcase in terms of the directive energy conservation basis and Singapore isanother leading showcase in terms of the policy and implementation with their basic
respect of the market mechanism.
(2) Study to develop the “ASEAN Energy Management System” will be based on
consideration of the two contrastive showcases. This means that the system balanced
between the two showcases will be suitable for the “ASEAN Energy Management System”
in consideration of the actual variety in the ASEAN countries.
(3) Regarding the individual cooperation with Japan, Thailand and JICA have already jointly
implemented the project on practical energy management training center and Singapore hasa great interest in the energy manager system in Japan from viewpoint of technicalestablishment and long experience of Japan.
Moreover, specific cooperation projects are planned or implemented for Vietnam, Malaysia
and Indonesia etc.
As for the cooperation projects with EU, “ASEAN Energy Manager Accreditation System(AEMAS)” is in the stage of feasibility study utilizing EU fund.
In order for the PROMEEC Energy Management Project to be effective, the project shouldbe implemented with an appropriate coordination by ACE and / or ACE. Especially for the
AEMAS project, ACE is expected to provide a good coordination to implement the
PROMEEC Energy Management Project in the future. The feasibility study of the AEMAS
project is conducted by Thailand utilizing consultants and will be completed in May 2005.
Depending on the results of the feasibility study, some coordination may be required.

XI-5

Figure-XI-1 : Status of Progress in Energy Conservation Promotion in Thailand(This is a diagram based on the viewpoint of programmed approach. The current status is indicatedin red. The relation with the scope of the PROMEEC project is also shown.)
Basic Policy
Law System

Education
Pub. AwarenessTechnical
Transfer

SelfEffort

Technical Training Incentive
Infra. (H&S) Education Subsidy

PolicyLaw

Progress in EE&C

ECP
Act
ENCON
Fund
O

TD,
DEDE

ne

op
St

i
rv
e
S

THAILAND(As of Dec., 2004)

ce

PROMEEC Toward Future
JICA Proj.

Expanded Activity by
PROMEEC (Energy
Management)
From 2004

Development of Tool
To Disseminate

Model
Projects
Consultants & ESCOs
International

XI-6

PROMEEC
Phase – 1&2(2000 - )(Ind. & Build.)

Projects

Self-Effort for
Implementation& Dissemination

XII. Activities by ASEAN
1. Summary of Summary Workshop
The summary workshop was held in Singapore on February 8, 2005 gathering representative(s)(focal point(s)) from each ASEAN country in order to share outcomes of the activities
conducted among the ten countries and to discuss the basic concept and future plan of
the “ASEAN Energy Management System” described below. Following the summary
workshop, the post workshop was held. The program of the summary workshop is shown in
Table-XII-1.
Participants were as follows.
Participants from ASEAN
Mr. Abdul Rashid B Ibrahim, Deputy Executive Director, Energy Market Authority, Singapore
Dr. Weerawat Chantanakome, Executive Director, ACE
Dr. Prasert SinsukPrasert, BERC, DEDE, Thailand (Chairman)
Mr. Zulkarnain B H Umar, Engineer, Energy Market Authority, Singapore
Mr. Asfaazam Kasbani, PTM, Malaysia
Ms. Azah Ahmad, Research Officer, PTM, Malaysia
Mr. Marlon Romulo U. Domingo, Science Research Specialist, DOE, Philippine
Mr. Lien Vuthy, Head of Energy Efficiency and Standard Office, MINE, Cambodia
Mr. Khamso, Chief of Electricity Management Div., Ministry of Industry & Handicraft, Laos
Ms. Marayam Ayuni, Deputy Director, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Indonesia
Mr. Aung Kyi, Director, Myanmar Industrial Construction ServicesMr. Christopher Zamora,Manager, ACE
Dr. Lee Siew Eang, Professor, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Mr. Majid Haji Sapar, Research Fellow, National University of Singapore, Singapore
Participants from Energy Conservation Center, Japan (ECCJ)Managing Director
Mr. Tsuzuru Nuibe
General Manager, International Engineering Dept.
Mr. Kazuhiko Yoshida
Mr. Yoshitaka Ushio
Technical Expert, International Engineering Dept.
Mr. Hideyuki Tanaka, Mr. Fumio Ogawa,
Mr. Akira Kobayashi and Mr. Takashi SatoIn the summary workshop, the results of the surveys and discussions made in the ten local
workshops were explained. Then a representatives of each country explained ideas including arequest for the ASEAN Energy Management System and finally the representative of ECCJ
explained the proposed basic concept of the ASEAN Energy Management System. Based on
the above explanation and report, all the participants discussed the future action.
As a result of the discussion, the proposed basic concepts of the ASEAN Energy Management
System was understood by participants and the future plan was basically agreed.

XII-1

08:00- 08:30SESSION 3

REGISTRATIONPROMEEC – Energy Management

08:30

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09:15

09:15

-

09:30

09:30
10:00
10:15

-

10:00
10:15
10:30

10:30
10:45
11:00
11:15
11:30
11:45
12:00
13:00
13:15
13:30
13:45
14:00
14:20
14:40
15:00

-

10:45
11:00
11:15
11:30
11:45
12:00
13:00
13:15
13:30
13:45
14:00
14:20
14:40
15:00
15:15

Summary of Local Workshops by Mr. Takashi Sato (ECCJ)
Results of Surveys at 10 ASEAN Countries- Status of Infrastructure / Basis for Energy Management- Discussion Results: Barriers and Possible Measures
Q &A
Presentation & Discussion: Proposed Concept of “ASEAN Management System”
Presentation by Mr. Kazuhiko Yoshida (ECCJ)
Q &A
Coffee Break
Presentation by ASEAN Countries
Requirements (and/or) Ideas of “ASEAN Energy Management System”
Presentation by Myanmar
Presentation by Cambodia
Presentation by Lao PDR
Presentation by Vietnam
Presentation by Indonesia
Presentation by Singapore
Lunch
Presentation by Brunei Darussalam
Presentation by Malaysia
Presentation by Philippines
Presentation by Thailand
Discussion & Summary: Concept of “ASEAN Energy Management System”
Presentation & Discussion: Proposed Future Plan
Presentation by Mr. Kazuhiko Yoshida (ECCJ)
Q & A / Discussion
END of SESSION 3-

Table-XII-1: Program of Summary Workshop
2. Results of Discussion on Basic Concept of “ASEAN Energy Management System”
The representative of ECCJ submitted the following proposal of the basic concept of
the “ASEAN Energy Management System”. More specifically, energy management should
cover an extremely broad area, therefore, it is required to identify the purposes / goals andrequired functions and to specify the scope and specifics of the activities of the project
as follows.
Purposes and Goals(1) To build a framework for policies and directive basis(2) To establish implementation organizations which can be shared among the ASEAN
countries(To conduct energy audit, training, information provision and so on)(3) To develop the environment to promote energy conservation in the private sector
Required Functions(A) To share information(B) To provide facilities and services (Energy audit, training, information provision and so on)

XII-2

(C) To develop schemes and rules to work the functions (A) and (B) mentioned above
On the basis of these, the nine factors shown in Table-XII-2 will be required for the “ASEAN
Energy Management System”. The proposed basic concept of the “ASEAN Energy
Management System” includes these factors.
In addition, in order for the “ASEAN Energy Management System” to be most effective,
the system should work to cover and supplement the infrastructures, functions and services thateach ASEAN country owns and operates to promote energy conservation. Furthermore,the “ASEAN Energy Management System” should function as an organization to promote anddisseminate activities for energy conservation in all the ASEAN countries. On the other hand,the “ASEAN Energy Management System” should work so as to bring merits for ASEAN
countries through easing the efficient and smooth implementation and sharing benefit of
the international projects for energy conservation with foreign countries such as Japan and EU.
The concept of such a system is shown in Figure-XII-1.
In the future, it will be necessary to analyze and identify which factors should be implemented
and what should be required for ASEAN countries, in order to make the basic concept of
the ASEAN Energy Management System more clear and to establish the more specific plan of
the ASEAN Energy Management System.
Purposesand
Goals

A. Sharing
Information

Required Functions
B. Provision of
Facilities andServices

C. Schemes andRule to Work A & B

1. Building Policy /Directive Framework

Factor 1-A

Factor 1-B

Factor 1-C

2. Establishment of
Implementation
Factor 2-A
Factor 2-B
Factor 2-C
Organization Possible to
Share Among ASEAN
3. Development ofEnvironment for Energy
Factor 3-A
Factor 3-B
Factor 3-C
Conservation Promotion in
the Private Sector
Table-XII-2: Factors required for the ASEAN Energy Management System
Among the factors mentioned above, the “Building Policy / Directive Framework” is basicallyaddressed by each country independently. However, it may be required to provide information
and / or advice in order for countries which are in process of developing policy to study theirpolicies and laws. The most important is considered to be preparation and establishment of anorganization to be shared by ASEAN countries for providing services of energy audit andtraining.

XII-3

Figure-XII-1: Proposed Concepts of the ASEAN Energy Management System

ASEAN
Energy Management
SystemEach Country System
Policy / Law

ASEAN Policy / System
Information
Energy Audit / Training
Guidance / Advice

Cooperation
with Japan,
EU, etc.

Implementation
Organization
GlobalPrivate Business /Activity
Energy..... C BA
MarketWhat kind of activities should be included in each factor is proposed as follows.
(Factor 1-A) : Sharing information to build policy / directive framework
1-A-1 Information on policies and laws in each country(Factor 2-A) : Sharing information to establish implementation organizations possible toshare by
ASEAN countries
2-A-1 Establishment of implementation organizations in each country(Factor 3-A) : Sharing information to develop the environment to promote energy conservationin the private sector
3-A-1 Technical directories for industries and buildings(Preparing through the implementation of projects for major industries and buildings)
3-A-2 Database/Benchmark/Guideline for major industries and buildings(Preparing through the implementation of projects for major industries and buildings)
3-A-3 Successful excellent cases of energy management
3-A-4 Procedure for energy management in enterprises
3-A-5 Information on suppliers of technology and equipment for energy conservation(Including ESCO (Energy Service Company) and so on)(Factor 1-B) : Provision of services to build policy / directive framework
1-B-1 Provision of advice from experienced countries
1-B-2 Policy cooperation within the ASEAN region(Factor 2-B): Provision of facilities and services to establish implementation organizations

XII-4

possible to share by ASEAN countries
2-B-1 Energy audit
2-B-2 Training
2-B-3 Public relations, enlightenment and education on energy conservation(Factor 3-B): Provision of facilities and services to develop the environment to promote energy
conservation in the private sector
3-B-1 Provision of technical information
3-B-2 Provision of data and information
3-B-3 Provision of information on activities to promote energy conservation by enterprises
3-B-4 Provision of guidelines for voluntary efforts by enterprises
3-B-5 Provision of information on the activities of other companies required for a company
to implement activities including projects for energy conservation(Factor 1-C): Building policy / directive framework ; Schemes and rules to work the factors 1-A
and 1-B
Step-1 Building the system to share and disseminate information
Preparation and Dissemination of manual for guidance on voluntary activities by
the private sector
Step-2 Study on the possibility of policy cooperation within the ASEAN region(Factor 2-C): Establishing implementation organizations possible to share by ASEAN
countries ; Schemes and rules to work the factors 2-A and 2-B
Step-1 Utilization of the existing implementation organizations
Provision of advice and training by organizing Japan-ASEAN expert team
Building the system to share and disseminate information
Step-2 Utilization through the reinforcement of the existing organizations and / orestablishing and operating a new implementation organization for ASEAN
Training for trainers and lecturers by the Japan-ASEAN expert team(*)
Currently, relating to the above activities, the feasibility study is separately conducted toestablish the ASEAN Energy Manager Accreditation System (AEMAS) withthe cooperation of EU. It should be assumed that AEMAS would effectively function in
conjunction with this project as one program of the ASEAN Energy Management System if
it is realized in the future.
ASEAN Center for Energy should coordinate the two projects in order to avoid any
overlapping and conflict.
(Factor 3-C) : Developing the environment to promote energy conservation in
the private sector ;Schemes and rules to work the factors 3-A and 3-B
Step-1 Building the system to share and disseminate information
Preparation and Dissemination of manual for guidance on voluntary activities by
the private sector
Step-2 Provision of advice and training by Japan-ASEAN expert team

XII-5

3. Results of Discussion on Future Basic Plan of the ASEAN Energy Management
SystemThe proposed basic concept of the ASEAN Energy Management System and factors to establish
the system were are discussed. Based on the above discussion, the future direction andthe proposed plan for 2005 – 2006 were also discussed and basically agreed by the focal points.
The activities for 2005 – 2006 will be implemented in accordance with the plan.
The target of the next fiscal year is to study and establish the specific plan of “ASEAN Energy
Management System”

XII-6

ⅩⅣ : Materials for Reference

Reference – 1 : Questionnaire

Reference – 2 : Materials Used in Local Workshops(Presented by ECCJ)(1) Results of Survey for Each Country (Preliminary)(2) Energy Management System in Japan(3) Principle of Energy Management

Reference – 3 : Materials Used in Summary Workshop(1) Proposed Basic Concept of “ASEAN Energy Management
System” Presented by ECCJ
(2) Materials Presented by ASEAN Countries(3) Proposed Basic Implementation Plan for 2005 – 2006
Presented by ECCJ

Reference – 1: QuestionnaireReference – 2: Materials Used in Local Workshops(Presented by ECCJ)(1) Results of Survey for Each Country (Preliminary)(2) Energy Management System in Japan(3) Principle of Energy Management

Reference – 3 : Materials Used in
Summary Workshop(1) Proposed Basic Concept of “ASEAN Energy Management
System” Presented by ECCJ
(2) Materials Presented by ASEAN Countries(3) Proposed Basic Implementation Plan for 2005 – 2006
Presented by ECCJ

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