Jpn. ). Infect. Dis., 53, 2000
Viro1., 37, 303‑306.

present reglmenS Of the combined therapy have to be furtherevaluated. lt will be also important to take measures fわr

2. Hoshiba, T.,Asamoto,A. and Yabuki,A. (1998): Decreased

preventmg mother‑to‑child CMV infection, such as treatment
with hyperimmune anti‑CMV sera or vaccination (4).

nant women. Nihon‑Rinsho, 56, 193‑I 96 (in Japanese).

incidence ofanti‑cytomegalovirus antibody positive preg‑

3. Kovacs, A., Schluchter, M., Easley, K., Demmler, G.,
Shearer, W., La Russa, P., Pitt, J., Cooper, E., Goldfarb,J., Hodes, D., Kattan, M. and Mclntosh, K. (1999):

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Cytomegalovirus infection and HIV‑ 1 disease progres‑】. Hirota, K., Muraguchi, KリWatabe, N., Okumura, M.,

Kozu, M., Takahashi, K., Machida, Y., Funayama, Y.,sion in infants bom to HIV‑1‑iTlfected women. N. Engl.

Oshima, T･ and Numazaki, Y. (1992): Prospective study

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Laboratory and Epidemiology Communications
The First Reported Case of J叩aneSe Spotted Feverin Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan
Shinichi Takao*, Yoshiro Kawadal, Motohiko Ogawa2, shinji Fukuda,
Ⅵlkie Shimazu, Masahiro Noda and Shizuyo Tbkumoto

Dt'vision ofMicrobio/ogy II. Hiroshima Prefectural Institute ofHealth and EnviflOnment,
Minami一machi 1‑6‑29, Minami‑ku, Hir10Shima 734‑0007,

1Department of Dermatology, Onomichi Municipal Hospital,
Shin‑takayama 2‑ll 70‑I 77, Onomichi 722‑8503 and2Department of Virology II, National Institute of lnfectious Diseases,

Toyama 1‑23‑1, Shinjuku‑ku, Too,0 162‑8640
Communicated by Hiroo lnouye(Accepted November 21 , 2000)

The spotted fever group rickettsioses, which are transmitted
by ticks, have a worldwide distribution. Japanese spotted

fever (JSF), one of the newcomers to this group, was firstreported in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan in 1984 (112). The
causative千gent orJSF was isolated in 1986 (3) and named

Rt'ckettsiaJaPOnica (4).
FoHowlng that, surveillance for JSF was started by theWorking Group fわr Tsutsugamushi Disease Surveillance,

which is composed of munlCIPal public health institutes andthe National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Japan. Accord‑lng tO the surveillance information provided by this group, atotal of over 200 JSF cases have been reported &om 10 different

prefectures between 1984 and 1998, With the JSF‑endemic
prefectures alHocated on the Pacific coast except for Shimaneand Hyogo Prefectures (5). On the other hand, there have been
no reports ofJSF from the prefectures located along the Seto

Inland Sea coast except for Hyogo and Wakayama Prefectures(Figure). In this paper, We report the first case ofJSF in

Hiroshima Prefecture determined by serologlCal diagnosis.
An 82‑year‑old man from Onomichi City, HiroshimaPrefecture, visited a local clinic on October 8, 1 998, complain‑ing ofa fever (37･8oC), head ache, general fatigue, and rash.
Figure･ Geographic distribution of JSF positive case by prefecture,*Co汀eSpOnding author: Fax:十8 1 ‑82‑252‑8642, E‑mail: takao@

1984‑1998, Japan.

urban. ne.J p216

Jpn. J. Infect. Dis., 53, 2000
Table. Indirect irrmuno爪uorescent andbody dter against Ricke胎1'ajaponl'ca and A‑enh'a肋Esugamzehl'

Antibody liter by:Days after onset

Date

R L‑ckeEts ia japan l'ca Orientfa Esutsygamush t'or illness(YH strain)

IgG
7<20(Kato, Karp, Gilliam strains)

IgM

IgG

IgM

<10<10V̲ 6V0 0 0Oct.

14,

1999

Nov.

ll,

1999

3540

<10<10Apr.

ll,

2000

187

160

<10<10shown in this report, we propose a careful monitonng ofJSF
as an emerglng infectious disease eveninareas non‑endemic

Faropeneum sodium, fosfomyclne, and isepamyclne Sulfate

were administered for several days without effect,and he wasadmitted tothe Onomichi Municipal Hospital, where he wastreatedwith minocycline hydrochloride for 4 weeks until hefor JSF.

recovered･ His clinical symptoms on admission were high

REFERENCES

fever (40.OoC), erythematous eruption, eschar on the rightside of his back, reglOnal lymphadenopathy, and hepatosple‑

1. Mahara, F.(1 984):Three Weil‑Felix reaction (OX2) posi‑nomegaly. A few days before the onset ofillness, he had been
engaged in forestry activities and farming near his house. Attive cases with skin eruptions and high fever. J. Anan.

first sight, the epidemiologlCal states and clinical symptoms

2. Mahara, F., Koga, K., Sawada, S., Taniguchi, T･, Shigemi,F., Suto, T., Tsuboi, Y., Oya, A., Koyama, H., Uchiyama,
T. and Uchida, T. (1985): The flrSt report Oftherickettsial
infections of spotted fever group in Japan; three climical

Med.Assoc., 68, 4‑7 (in Japanese).

were like those or tsutsugamushi disease (scrub typhus).

However, serodiagnoses of the acute‑and convalescent‑phasesera by means of indirect immunonuorescence assay usingcases. J. Jpn.Assoc. Infect. Dis., 59, 1165‑1 172 (in Japa‑

Orientia tsutsugamushi antigen (Kato, Karp, and Gilliamstrains) and R. japonica antigen (YH strain) revealed it tonese).

be JSF infection.Asshown in Table, while no specific anti‑

3. Uchida, T. ( 1 993): Rickettsiajaponica, the edologic agent

bodies to 0. lsutsugamushi or R.japonica were found in theof oriental spotted fever. Microbiol. Immuno1., 37, 9 ll

acute‑phase serum, R.japonica‑specific IgG (I :40) and IgM

102.

(1 : 160) antibody were found in the serum collected on the

4. Uchida, T., Uchiyama, T., Kumano, K. and Walker, D.

35th day aRerthe onset of illness. The patient's IgGantibody

H. (1 992): Rickettsiajaponica sp. nov., the etiologicaltiter further increased to 1 : 160 at 6 months (187 days) after

agent of spotted fever grouprickettsiosis in Japan. Int. J.

the onset of illness. No increase ofanti‑0. tsutsugamushi anti‑Syst. Bacterio1., 42, 3031305.
5. National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infectious

body was seen.

JSF is not commonly recognized by clinicians, because

Disease Control Division, Minisby ofHealthand Welfare

outbreaks of JSF have been sporadic and limited. However,(1999): Japanese spotted fever. Infect. Agents Survei1‑lance Rep., 20, 211'‑212'.

since the endemic area of JSF appears to be expanding, asLaboratory and Epidemiology Commumications
Computer Simulation of SuⅣival of Mutants under Non‑Selective Condition

Yoshimitsu Yanaka, Ken‑Ichi Hanaki, Hiroshi Yoshikura and Kenji Yamamoto*Department of Medical Ecology and lnformatics, International Medical Center ofJapan,
Toyama I‑21‑I, Shinjuku‑ku, Tob70 162‑8655
Communicated by Hiroshi Yoshikura(Accepted November 22, 2000)

The horizontal transmission of dmg resisやce PR) markers

acquired DR from GMO‑derived food (thoughthis event hasfrom genetically modified foods (GMO) to Intestinal bacteria

not been unequivocally demonstrated) Canpersist inthe over‑and their persistence are important issues in the recent

whelming number of resident bacteria in the intestines.

debate on the safetyof GMO‑derived food. This paper deals

The simulation was performed based on the followlng

with the latter question, i.e., whether bacteria which once

premises. The bacterial nora consisted of a slngle species.
The replication rate was the same for the wild type and the'Corresponding author: E‑mail: backen@ri.imcj.go.jp

mutant, and there was no selection advantage for either. The217