GBAS CAT II/III concepts for flexible approachprocedures
Thomas Feuerle, Mark Bitter, Peter Hecker (TU Braunschweig)
Robert Geister (DLR)
2nd ENRI Workshop on ATM/CNS, Tokyo

Content
 Motivation & preparationary work- Flexible approach procedures with GBAS
- Interoperability trials

 GBAS research infrastructure at Research Airport Braunschweig- Ground based (GBAS ground station, aviationGATE)- Airborne (experimental GBAS equipment) Flight Trials- On-board system testing- Procedure Design

 Conclusion and Outlook

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 2

Motivation - Flexible Approach Procedures with GBAS
 GBAS - Ground Based Augmentation
System:- Based on GPS- Ground station transmits arrival
path information and GPScorrection data
- Seem less transition from RNAV
to approach procedures- CAT I (GAST-C) certifiable, CAT II/III(GAST-D) in the definition phase GBAS offers flexibility- Different approach path geometries are possible- Even situation dependent geometries could be used, e.g.
 due to traffic demand due to wake vortex criteria
November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 3

Preparatory work: GBAS Interoperability Trials
Scope GPS & GLONASS capable GBAS ground station(manufactured and assembled in Moscow) Proof of robustness of standards
Contents
 Measurement Campaign in Moscow (April 2009)- with mobile equipment- discussion with operational involved personalFounded by EUROCONTROL as early contribution to SESAR (Single European Sky ATM Researchprogram)November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 4

Preparatory work: GBAS Interoperability Trials

Mobile Test Equipment with RockwellCollins Multimode-Receiver GLU925 - 330(Boeing) and - 430 (Airbus)
 Telerad RE9009 VDB Receiver NovAtel DL-4 GPS Receiver Laptop with recording software (CondorEngineering BusTools) Flexible Connector Interface

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 5

Preparatory Work: GBAS Interoperability Trials• Interoperability and robustness tests• Baseline data for future multi-constellation
research• Use of extended MT1• Use of more than 18 SV’ s• Transmission of MT5

Time

MZC

No ofMeas.

PRN

08/04/2009
16:21:36.11

109.0

13

3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 19, 21,24, 25, 27, 28

GPS

08/04/2009
16:21:36.21

109.0743, 44, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55

GLONASS

08/04/2009
16:21:36.61

109.5

13

3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 19, 21,24, 25, 27, 28

GPS

08/04/2009
16:21:36.71

109.5

7

43, 44, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55

GLONASS

08/04/2009
16:21:37.11

110.0

13

3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15, 19, 21,24, 25, 27, 28

GPS

08/04/2009
16:21:37.21

110.0

7

43, 44, 45, 46, 52, 54, 55

GLONASS

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 6

Preparatory Work: GBAS Interoperability Trials
Ops Feedback – GLONASS/GPS
Note: Remote ops with high availability targeted – different
adaptation for high density airspace Fleet operations: Some differences unavoid-able (installedand test equipment, intervals and procedures)
 Pilots: Minimal differences (procedures / clearances / flightplan); ATC needs aircraft equipment knowledge
 ATC: Clearances depending a/c equipment and GNSS
availability.
Note: in Russia ATC responsible for navaids in clearance Procedure design: Differences in operational availability arefactor in design
 Aircraft approval: Verification with single/multiple
constellations

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 7Research Infrastructure - GBAS Ground Station
Thales GBAS Ground Station(owned by DLR)

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Research Infrastructure - aviationGATE
Adaption of aviationGATE infrastructure for GBAS tests in dual-constellation
environment
aviationGATE:
Galileo Test Bed around
Braunschweig Research Airport
covered area: 5,000 km²
9 pseudolites: 5 inner circle
 4 outer circle
2 reference stations
frequencies: E1, E5a, E5b
user defined / variable navigation message
 time synchronisation
November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 9

Research Infrastructure - aviationGATE
Adaption of all system components needed Further development of aviationGATE
 Extension of experimental GBAS/INS on-board equipment
 GBAS/INS navigation & monitor algorithms

Test environment for
dual-constellation
GBAS Research
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Research Infrastructure – extension of aviationGATE

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Research Infrastructure – airborne equipment

Different GLS Approaches

1800
1600
1400

Altitude [m]

1200
1000
800
ideal 3.5°
ideal 4.5°
ideal 7.5°
ideal 11°
ideal 14°real approach 3.5°
real approach 14°

600
400
200
000.2

0.4

0.6

0.8
11.2
1.4
Distance to threshold [m]

1.6

1.8

24x 10November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 12

GBAS Flight Trials Braunschweig - TUBSGNSS Antennen

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 13

Research Infrastructure – GBAS/INS On-Board Equipment DO 128-6i

VDB-receiver

GPSreceiver

PRC , RRCρ i , Φia ,ωbib

System overviewismoothingPii
PGBASiσ GBASbib

Navigation
Filterx̂ kIMUng-modelg eb

ukpbaroNovember 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 14xˆ k = f ( xˆ k −1 , u k −1 )(( ))−+ K k z k − h xˆ k

GBAS Flight Trials Braunschweig - DLR

 Validation withexperimental A320
aircraft andoperational usedaircraft (B737, AirBerlin)

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 15

GBAS Procedure Desgin – DLR
 Initial procedures
based on already
implemented
RNAV procedures Transition from
„ILS-Look-Alike“
towards steep andcurved approaches
 Validation insimulation andflight trials

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 16

GBAS Procedure Desgin – DLR
 Initial procedures
based on already
implemented
RNAV procedures Transition from
„ILS-Look-Alike“
towards steep andcurved approaches
 Validation insimulation andflight trials

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 17

GBAS Procedure Design – DLR
 Initial procedures
based on already
implemented
RNAV procedures Transition from
„ILS-Look-Alike“
towards steep andcurved approaches
 Validation insimulation andflight trials

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 18

Conclusions and Outlook
 Braunschweig offers a unique research and test environment for GBAS
approach procedure design and testing Curved and segmented approach procedures have been shown andvalidated with research and commercial aircraft Even with high requirements for GAST-D approaches these flexible
approach procedures will be possible
 Continuous work will be done at Research Airport Braunschweig by
University and DLR

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 19

Thank you for your attention!

Any Questions?

Contact
Dr.-Ing. Thomas Feuerle

Dipl.-Ing. Robert Geister

Institute of Flight GuidanceTechnische Universitaet Braunschweig

Institute of Flight GuidanceGerman Aerospace Center (DLR)

Phone: +49 531 3919812
E-Mail: t.feuerle@tu-bs.de+49 531 295 2513
robert.geister@dlr.de

November 2010 | EIWAC 2010 | Thomas Feuerle | 20