Urban development, transport investments
and connectivity in the Ile-de-France region
ITF- TPRI Roundtable
Integrated Transport Development Experiencesof Global City Clusters
2-3 July 2015
Laurence Debrincat

Presentation outline

Some facts of the Ile-de-France region in 2015
Some history: urban and transport planning from the 60’s to the 90’s
The result: 2015 situation regarding transport and mobility
The future: the new Ile-de-France urban master plan for 2030

Some facts of the Ile-de-France region in 2015

Presentation of Ile-de-France

Administrative levels
 1 Regional Council 8 ‘Départements’(counties) of which theCity of Paris
 113 inter-municipalities 1,281 municipalities> 12,000 km²> 12 million inhabitants(19 % of Frenchpopulation)> 6 million jobs
> 29% of French GNPUrbanisation, transport and environment:
coherent master plans at the different geographical scales (2015)

Documents established by
Regional council
Co-elaboration Region and State
STIF (public transport authority)
Municipalities or inter-municipalities
StateOne public transport authority for the whole region

STIF is the public transport authority for the Île-de-France region : Definition and organisation of public transport services
 Definition of fare policy, contractual relation with operators, financialbalance of the system
 Planning and monitoring the extensions of the network
 Defining the quality standards for intermodality, accessibility
STIF brings together=+

Some history:
urban and transport planning from the 60’s to the 90’s

1965 : Region of Paris urban master plan
1960 : 8,5 millions inhabitantsContext
 Economic expansion
 Demographic increase Anarchical development of urbanisation in the suburbs,congestion in the centre, dormitory suburbs
Objectives
 Creating new urban centres: renovated centres in theexisting suburbs, new ones in the sectors of extension
 Promoting development along preferential axes Creating unity of the urban region to provide a freedomof choice for employment, leisure and institutions
Governance The plan, elaborated by the national administration, isnot mandatory.
 No regional level Creation of national public bodies for the developmentof new cities1965 : Region of Paris urban master plan

Measures Creation of 5 new cities
located between 1550km from the centre ofParis
 Definition of a green belt
around the inner suburbsto prevent urban sprawl

1965 : Region of Paris urban master plan

Public transport for trips to Parisand inside Paris

Car for trips within the suburbs andtowards Paris Creation of mass transit radiallines

 Creation of motorways (radialsand rings)

1976 : Region Ile-de-France urban master plan1975 : 9,7 millions inhabitantsContext
 Oil crisis (1973)
 Slower demographic increase First difficulties ofimplementation of the 1965
plan
Governance Creation of a regional level(still under the Stateregulation) The elaboration of the regional
master plan is mandatory
Objectives
 Same objectives as the 1965plan

1976 : Region Ile-de-France urban master plan

Measures Suppression ofsome motorways:
no additional radial
motorways towards
and inside Paris andnatural zones
 Public transportmass transit lines:
reuse andtransformation ofexisting lines
Public transport
Motorways

1994 : Region Ile-de-France urban master plan
1990 : 10,7 millions inhabitantsContext
 European union regulations
 Environmental challenges
Objectives
 Securing European and international influence ofthe region
 Correcting territorial, social and economic
disparities
 Preserving rural and natural areas
 Complementarity with the neighbour regions,controlled increase of Ile-de-France
Governance Decentralisation of state competences towards
local authorities
 Regional council (elected representatives) since1986

1994 : Region Ile-de-France urban master plan

Centres of international stature
Sectors of economic and urban redevelopment
New cities
Regional poles
Inner suburbs poles
Important cities in the outer suburbs

Measures Confirmationof the multipoles
organisation ofthe region but
new poles areidentified Exchanges
inside theregion andwith theoutside should
be facilitated1994 : Region Ile-de-France urban master plan

PUBLIC TRANSPORT NETWORK FOR 2015

Measures : a public
transport networkorganised in 3 levels
 Main network : masstransit railway lines
 Extended metronetwork and creationof a ring line in theinner suburbs
 Tramway lines andBRT

1994 : Region Ile-de-France urban master plan

MOTORWAYS NETWORK FOR 2015

Measures : Priority is given tothe achievement oftow levels of ringmotorways
 Creation ofundergroundmotorways in thecentral metropolis tocope with congestion

The result: 2015 situation regarding transport and mobility

Transport networks in 2015

MotorwaysPublic transport

Inhabitants per
hectare in 2010

Number of jobs accessible in less than an hour (2013)

By public transport

By carHouseholds motorization :mirror of the evolution of individual mobility

4,9 millions of private cars
Average number of cars per households

Decrease of motorizationin the central metropolis
 Since the 90’s forParisians
 In the inner suburbs inthe 2000’s
Multi-motorization in theouter suburbs
 40 % of households own
2 cars or +Inner suburbs

Outer suburbs

20

Daily mobility in Ile-de-France

Number of daily trips and modal shares
Walking is themain mode oftransport !
After an important
increase, car trips
have remained
stable over thepast ten years
Public transport ismore and moreusedImportant increase of trips outside Paris

Daily trips all modes, all purposesin millions

Daily trips in millions(walk excluded)

Paris
Paris – Inner suburbs
Paris – Outer suburbs
Inner suburbs
Inner – Outer suburbs
Outer suburbs

Development of mobility areas around secondary poles

Proportion of daily trips of inhabitants remaining inside their mobility areas
Including commuting : 63% on average

Excluding commuting : 69 % on average> 75 %
70-75%
65-70%
60-65%
50-60%<50%

Environmental challenges

Green house gas emissions
 Road traffic responsible for 32 % of Ile-de-France emissions
 Objective: division by 4 before 2050, diminution by 20% by 2020.
Air quality
 Quality objectives are not respected.
NO2

PM 10

Annual average concentrations (2010)

PM 2,5

The future: the new Ile-de-France urban master plan for 2030

The evolution of population: lots of unknowns

High scenario in France
2,1 children / woman
Migratory balance = 150000 /year, decrease of mortality

15,6 millions
inhabitants
12,2 millions
inhabitants

Low scenario in France
1,8 children / woman
Migratory balance =50000 / year, highmortality

Linking and structuring

Easier national andinternational relations
Public transport system :better connections, morehierarchy
Optimisation of localtrips

Strengthening existing cities and geographical equilibrium

More geographicalequilibrium between
housing and employment
Strengthening multi
centres organisation
 particularly around thestations of mass transit
lines and Grand Paris
Express metro project
Developing employment
while ensuring economic
diversity
More density and diversityof urban functions

Preserving and valorising

A renewed relation
between city and nature
Open spaces valorized
 biodiversity
 agriculture
Preservation of ecologicalcontinuities
Borders to limit urban
extensionIle-de-France urban master plan for 2030 :main objectives

Linking andstructuring

Strengthening
existing cities
andgeographicalequilibrium

Preserving andvalorising

The regional urban master plan Ile-de-France 2030

Authorized locations for new housing

In the central
urbanized area
Along publictransport
network
In other urbanpoles

The sustainable urban mobility plan for 2020 :targets for modes shares

The new Greater Paris public transport projects:
planning transport supply for a life less dependent on private car

Existing mass transitnetwork
 More reliability,optimization of operation
 Extension of RER E GrandParis Express
 4 new automated metrolines
 205 km, 72 stations
Extension of metro lines
Extension and creation of 10
tramway lines
BRT projects lines

Thank you for attention!
STIF
41 rue de Châteaudun
75009 ParisFRANCEwww.stif.info