ȬȸǶȸᅹ‫ܖ‬ᄂᆮ৑ˋԧᲬ࠰ࡇᲢᲬᲪᲬᲪ࠰ࡇᲣ

σӷМဇȷσӷᄂᆮ঺ௐ‫إ‬ԓ୿ᲢˋԧᲬ࠰Ხஉ㻙ˋԧᲭ࠰ᲭஉᲣ
+.'㻭㼚㼚㼡㼍㼘㻌㻾㼑㼜㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼛㼘㼘㼍㼎㼛㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔#RTKN /CTEJ

䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌
㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡣࠊᅜෆእࡢඹྠ◊✲⪅ࡢⓙᵝ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡ࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀᣅࡃே㢮ᮍ㋃ࡢୡ⏺ࢆ᥈✲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢ※Ἠ࡜࡞ࡿ᪂Ꮫ⾡ࡸ㠉᪂ⓗᢏ⾡ࡢ๰⏕࡟ດࡵ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡ࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࡋࡓᇶ♏ཬࡧᛂ⏝࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ
࣮⛉Ꮫ࣭ග㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲࣭ᩍ⫱ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ᣐⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ᅜෆእࡢ኱Ꮫཪࡣ◊✲ᶵ㛵➼ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡢඹྠ฼⏝࡟౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋⓙᵝࡢࡈ⌮ゎ࡜ࡈ༠ຊࡢࡶ࡜ࠊ௧࿴  ᖺᗘࡶࡇࢀࡲ࡛㏻ࡾࠊගᮦᩱᕤᏛࠊගࢹࣂ࢖ࢫᕤᏛࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᕤᏛ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ࢸࣛ࣊
ࣝࢶࣇ࢛ࢺࢽࢡࢫࡸࣃ࣮࣡ࣇ࢛ࢺࢽࢡࢫ࡞࡝ࢆጞࡵ࡜ࡋࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫࡸ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮Ᏹᐂ≀⌮Ꮫࡸ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᰾⼥ྜ࡞࡝ࢆྵࡵࡓ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮
ᐦᗘ⛉Ꮫ࡞࡝ࡢᏛ㝿ศ㔝࡛ከࡃࡢᡂᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢάືࡢᡂᯝࢆࠊඹྠ◊✲ᡂᯝሗ࿌᭩࡜ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡜ࡵࡲࡋࡓࡢ࡛ࠊࡈ㧗ぴ࠸ࡓࡔࡅࢀࡤᖾ࠸࡛ࡍࠋ
௧࿴  ᖺᗘࡣࠊ᪂ᆺࢥࣟࢼࡢᙳ㡪࡛ࠊ୍᫬ᮇࠊ᪋タ࡬ࡢ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡀไ㝈ࡉࢀࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࡢኚ᭦ࡀవ൤࡞ࡃࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊ
ඹྠ◊✲ཷࡅධࢀไ㝈ᮇࢆά⏝ࡋࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝⓗ࡟ᅔ㞴࡞࡛࠶ࡗࡓ⟠ᡤࡢᨵಟࢆ㔜Ⅼⓗ࡟⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࢥࣟࢼ⚝࡛ࡶ㐠㌿࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⮬ື໬࡟ࡶྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡲࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ᾏእඹྠ◊✲⪅࡞࡝ࣜ࢔ࣝ࡞ ᮶ࢆไ㝈ࡉࢀࡓ◊✲ㄢ㢟㸦኱ᆺ⿦⨨฼⏝㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᡭἲ࡜ᡤෆ◊✲⪅࡟ࡼࡿ࣮ࣜࣔࢺ㐲㝸ᐇ㦂ࡢヨ㦂㐠⏝ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛௨ୖ࡟ከࡃ
ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡀཧຍ࡛ࡁࡿ◊✲άືࡢሙࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊ࣏ࢫࢺ࣭ࢥࣟࢼࡢ᫬௦࡟ࡴࡅࠊᶵჾࡢࢹࢪࢱࣝ໬ࠊ࣮ࣜࣔࢺ໬ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᡭἲࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟ྲྀࡾධࢀࠊᅜෆእࡢඹྠ◊✲ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ᒎ㛤ࠊᶵ⬟ᙉ໬࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅ
ࢫࢆ๰ฟࡍࡿࢹࢪࢱࣝࢺࣛࣥࢫࣇ࢛࣮࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ᥎㐍࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞ᣐⅬάືࡢヨࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ◊✲ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢάᛶ໬࡜ᣑ኱ࡢࡓࡵࠊ᪂ࡓ࡟ⴌⱆㄢ㢟ᯟࢆタᐃࡋࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳ࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀ࡞࠸ᣮᡓⓗ࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆ✚ᴟⓗ࡟᥇⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟
ດࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ඹྠ◊✲ࡢⓎᒎಁ㐍ࡢࡓࡵࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡢᕼᮃࢆࡶ࡜࡟ඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ࡢ➨  ᮇබເࢆヨ㦂ⓗ࡟⾜࠸ࡲࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀ
ࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ⃭ග ;,, ྕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨ࠊ/)(; ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨ࢆ౑ࡗࡓඹྠ◊✲ࡶ㐍ࡳ᭷ൾ฼⏝ࡶᚑ᮶௨ୖࡢㄢ㢟ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡲࡋࡓࠋ
ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ௧࿴  ᖺᗘࡢཧຍᶵ㛵ᩘࡣ  ᶵ㛵  㒊ᒁࠊཷࡅධࢀேᩘࡣ  ே࡜᫖ᖺᗘࡲ࡛࡟ẚ࡭ቑຍࡋࡲࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ௧࿴  ᖺᗘࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢḢ⡿୰ᅜ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟ຍ࠼࡚ࠊ࢖ࣥࢻࢿࢩ࢔ࠊࣇ࢕ࣜࣆࣥࠊ࣋ࢺࢼ࣒࡞࡝ᮾ༡࢔ࢪ࢔࡟┠ࢆྥࡅࡓྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࢆ⾜࠸᪂ࡓ࡞㒊ᒁ㛫༠ᐃࢆ⥾⤖ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥࢆά⏝ࡋࡓேᮦ஺ὶࢆጞࡵࡲࡋࡓࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢖ࡢせᮃࢆࡶ࡜࡟ᚑ᮶ࠊ㐍ࡵ࡚ࡲ࠸ࡾࡲࡋࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞᫬௦
ࡢࣁ࢖ࣃ࣮࣮࣡ࣞࢨ࣮᪋タࡢᵓ᝿࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
ࠕࣁ࢖ࣃ࣮࣮࣡ࣞࢨ࣮࢖ࣥࢸࢢ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡿ᪂ඹ๰ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏ࠖࡀ͆Ꮫ⾡఍㆟࣐ࢫࢱ࣮ࣉࣛࣥ ͇࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ௧࿴  ᖺ  ᭶࡟ྠᏛ⾡఍㆟ࡼࡾࠕࣃ࣮࣮࣡ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡࡜㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ⛉Ꮫࡢ㔞Ꮚⓗ㣕㌍࡜⏘ᴗ๰ᡂࠖ࡜࠸
࠺ᥦゝࡔࡉࢀࠊᙜศ㔝ࡢᣐⅬᩚഛࡢ㔜せᛶࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀࠊᮏᣐⅬάືࡢ㔜せᛶࡀ୍ᒙቑࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ
௧࿴  ᖺᗘ࡟࠾ࡁࡲࡋ࡚ࡶࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ⛉ᏛࢆⓎᒎࡉࡏࠊࡼࡾᖜᗈ࠸ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢖ࡢᮇᚅ࡟ᛂ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿᣐⅬάືࢆ᥎㐍ࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜ᛮࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ࣏ࢫࢺ࣭ࢥࣟࢼ᫬௦ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ᣐⅬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊඹྠ◊✲⪅ࡢⓙᵝ࡜ඹ࡟᪂ࡋ࠸Ꮫၥ㡿ᇦࢆ㛤ᣅࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟♫఍࡟㈉⊩ࡋ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠾ࡾࡲࡍࠋ௒ᚋ࡜ࡶᙜᣐⅬάື࡟ᑐࡍࡿⓙᵝࡢࡈ⌮ゎࡈᨭ᥼ࡢ࡯࡝ࠊࡼࢁ
ࡋࡃ࠾㢪࠸⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍࠋ                              ௧࿴  ᖺ  ᭶          ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㛗 ඤ⋢ ஢♸┠ḟ䚷㻵㻺㻰㻱㼄䝺䞊䝄䞊Ᏹᐂ≀⌮Ꮫ㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻜㻠㻷㼁㻾㻭㻹㻵㼀㻿㼁㻱㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㼕㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼟㼏㼍㼘㼑㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㼅㼍㼟㼡㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㻷㼡㼞㼍㼙㼕㼠㼟㼡኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗᕤᏛᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻝㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻝㻣㼅㻭㻹㻭㼆㻭㻷㻵㻱㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼍㼓㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㼠㼛㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㻾㼥㼛㻌㼅㼍㼙㼍㼦㼍㼗㼕㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊≀⌮䞉ᩘ⌮
Ꮫ⛉

㻼㻚㻝㻞

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻞㻟㻹㻻㻾㻵㼀㻭㻹㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼐㼑㼜㼑㼚㼐㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼓㼡㼕㼐㼑㻙㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼀㼍㼕㼏㼔㼕㻌㻹㼛㼞㼕㼠㼍஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲㝔㻼㻚㻝㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻞㻡㻹㻭㼀㻿㼁㻷㻵㼅㻻㻱㼙㼜㼕㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼞㼑㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㻌㼎㼥㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻿㼔㼡㼕㼏㼔㼕㻌㻹㼍㼠㼟㼡㼗㼕㼥㼛஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲㝔㻼㻚㻝㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻟㻞㻿㻭㻺㻻㻸㼍㼟㼑㼞㻙㼍㼟㼠㼞㼛㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼡㼜㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼒㼍㼏㼕㼍㼘㻌㼔㼥㼐㼞㼛㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼟㼠㼞㼛㼚㼓㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼟㼀㼍㼗㼍㼥㼛㼟㼔㼕㻌㻿㼍㼚㼛኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻝㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻞㻜㻝㻥㻿㻭㻷㻭㼃㻭㻽㼡㼍㼟㼕㻙㼙㼛㼚㼛㼑㼚㼑㼞㼓㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼜㼞㼛㼠㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼍㼙㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㼅㼛㼡㼕㼏㼔㼕㻌㻿㼍㼗㼍㼣㼍኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻝㻢㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻤㻹㻭㼀㻿㼁㻷㻵㼅㻻㻲㼡㼘㼘㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㻙㼕㼚㻙㼏㼑㼘㼘㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻳㼑㼗㼗㼛㻌㼄㻵㻵㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㻿㼔㼡㼕㼏㼔㼕㻌㻹㼍㼠㼟㼡㼗㼕㼥㼛஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲㝔㻼㻚㻝㻣㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻞㼅㻭㻹㻭㼆㻭㻷㻵㻼㼞㼑㼘㼕㼙㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻾㼥㼛㻌㼅㼍㼙㼍㼦㼍㼗㼕㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊≀⌮䞉ᩘ⌮
Ꮫ⛉

㻼㻚㻝㻤

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻢㼀㻭㻺㻭㻷㻭㻼㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌㻯㼛㼙㼜㼠㼛㼚㻌㼟㼏㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻿㼔㼡㼠㼍㻌㼀㼍㼚㼍㼗㼍㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊≀⌮䞉ᩘ⌮
Ꮫ⛉

㻼㻚㻝㻥

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻠㻻㻴㻵㻾㻭㼀㼔㼑㼛㼞㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼍㼓㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼛㼢㼍㼞㼕㼛㼡㼟㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㼟㼅㼡㼠㼍㼗㼍㻌㻻㼔㼕㼞㼍ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉㻼㻚㻞㻜㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻤㻲㼁㻷㼁㻰㻭㻼㼞㼛㼠㼛㼚㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼘㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㼟㻌㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼛㼚㼑㼝㼡㼕㼘㼕㼎㼞㼕㼡㼙㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㼟㼅㼡㼖㼕㻌㻲㼡㼗㼡㼐㼍㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

㻼㻚㻞㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻜㼀㻭㻷㻱㼆㻭㻷㻵㻯㼛㼙㼜㼍㼞㼕㼟㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼐㻙㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼐㼕㼟㼏㼔㼍㼞㼓㼑㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼠㼛㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼟㼕㼛㼚㼘㼑㼟㼟㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㼟㼀㼍㼕㼏㼔㼕㻌㼀㼍㼗㼑㼦㼍㼗㼕ᐩᒣ኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㒊ᕤᏛ⣔㻼㻚㻞㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻢㻸㻵㼁㻺㼡㼙㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼕㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼍㼗㼑㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼘㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼘㼍㼎㼛㼞㼍㼠㼛㼞㼥㻌㼍㼟㼠㼞㼛㼜㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㼅㼍㼛㻙㻸㼕㻌㻸㼕㼡㻰㼑㼜㼍㼞㼠㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㻺㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻯㼑㼚㼠㼞㼍㼘㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻼㻚㻞㻟㉸㧗ᅽ≀ᛶ䞉ᝨᫍ≀⌮Ꮫ㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻝㻤㻻㼆㻭㻷㻵㻹㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻴㼡㼓㼛㼚㼕㼛㼠㻌㼑㼘㼍㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼘㼕㼙㼕㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼍㼚㼛㻙㼜㼛㼘㼥㼏㼞㼥㼟㼠㼍㼘㼘㼕㼚㼑㻌㼐㼕㼍㼙㼛㼚㼐㻌㻺㻼㻰㻺㼛㼞㼕㼙㼍㼟㼍㻌㻻㼦㼍㼗㼕኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗᕤᏛᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻞㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻞㻢㼅㻭㻺㻳㻱㼤㼜㼘㼛㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼟㼔㼛㼏㼗㻌㼜㼔㼍㼟㼑㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼍㼠㼔㼣㼍㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼝㼡㼍㼞㼠㼦㻙㼏㼛㼑㼟㼕㼠㼑㻙㼟㼠㼕㼟㼔㼛㼢㼕㼠㼑㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻳㻱㻷㻷㻻㻌㼄㻵㻵㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼃㼑㼚㼓㼑㻌㼅㼍㼚㼓㻯㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻴㼕㼓㼔㻌㻼㼞㼑㼟㼟㼡㼞㼑㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼍㼚㼐㻌㼀㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㻭㼐㼢㼍㼚㼏㼑㼐㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔

㻼㻚㻞㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻞㻣㻻㻷㼁㻯㻴㻵㻱㼤㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻴㼡㼓㼛㼚㼕㼛㼠㻌㼙㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼟㼕㼚㼓㼘㼑㻌㼏㼞㼥㼟㼠㼍㼘㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼥㼚㼠㼔㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼐㼑㼚㼟㼑㼞㼜㼛㼘㼥㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼓㻞㻿㼕㻻㻠㼀㼍㼗㼡㼛㻌㻻㼗㼡㼏㼔㼕ᒸᒣ኱Ꮫᝨᫍ≀㉁◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻞㻢㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻣㼅㻭㻺㻻㻲㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻌㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼕㼏㼞㼛㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㻌㻯㼍㼜㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㻴㼥㼜㼑㼞㼢㼑㼘㼛㼕㼏㼠㼥㻵㼙㼜㼍㼏㼠㻌㻿㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻱㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼍㼠㻌㻪㻝㻜㻌㼗㼙㻛㼟㻴㼍㼖㼕㼙㼑㻌㼅㼍㼚㼛Ᏹᐂ⯟✵◊✲㛤ⓎᶵᵓᏱᐂ⛉Ꮫ
◊✲ᡤ

㻼㻚㻞㻣

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻜㻥㻶㻻㻴㼆㻭㻷㻵㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻌㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼍㼙㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻌㼟㼏㼔㼑㼙㼑㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼗㼕㼘㼛㻙㼠㼑㼟㼘㼍㻙㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌㼟㼑㼘㼒㻙㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼞㼑㼟㼕㼟㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼀㼛㼙㼛㼥㼡㼗㼕㻌㻶㼛㼔㼦㼍㼗㼕ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ඛ㐍⌮ᕤ⣔⛉Ꮫ
◊✲⛉

㻼㻚㻞㻤

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻝㻠㻸㻭㼃㻸㼍㼟㼑㼞㻙㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼑㻙㼐㼕㼙㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼞㼑㼏㼛㼚㼚㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼏㼛㼚㼢㼑㼞㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼦㼑㼐㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍

㻷㼕㼚㼓㻌㻲㼍㼕㻌㻲㼍㼞㼘㼑㼥㻌㻸㼍㼣ᮾி኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ⣔◊✲⛉㻼㻚㻞㻥㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻞㻝㻭㻮㻱㻯㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㼗㼕㼞㼛㻙㼀㼑㼟㼘㼍㻙㼟㼏㼍㼘㼑㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼟㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼙㼕㼏㼞㼛㻙㼏㼛㼕㼘㻌㼠㼍㼞㼓㼑㼠㼟㼅㼡㼗㼕㻌㻭㼎㼑

኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻟㻜㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻞㻠㼆㻴㻭㻺㻳㻯㼛㼘㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼓㼑㼐㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㼟㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼍㼏㼏㼛㼙㼜㼍㼚㼕㼑㼐㻌㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼒㼕㼑㼘㼐㼆㼔㼑㻌㼆㼔㼍㼚㼓㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㻌㻯㼔㼕㼚㼑㼟㼑㻭㼏㼍㼐㼑㼙㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻼㻚㻟㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻜㻟㻭㻾㻵㻷㻭㼃㻭㼀㼔㼑㻌㼑㼒㼒㼕㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼘㼍㼠㼕㼢㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㻌㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼥㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼡㼚㼐㼍㼙㼑㼚㼠㼍㼘㻗㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㼔㼍㼞㼙㼛㼚㼕㼏㼟㻌㼙㼕㼤㼑㼐㻌㻸㻲㻱㼄㻌㼎㼑㼍㼙㼅㼍㼟㼡㼚㼛㼎㼡㻌㻭㼞㼕㼗㼍㼣㼍኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻟㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻜㻟㻝㼅㻻㻳㻻㻾㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼠㼑㼙㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼑㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼍㻌㼟㼠㼍㼞㻌㼎㼥㻌㻸㼍㼟㼑㼞㻙㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㻺㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㻿㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻭㼗㼕㼒㼡㼙㼕㻌㼅㼛㼓㼛኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻟㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻭㻝㻙㻞㻜㻝㻥㼅㻻㻳㻻㻺㼛㼢㼑㼘㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼘㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼍㻌㼜㼡㼞㼑㻌㼟㼛㼘㼕㼐㻌㼔㼥㼐㼞㼛㼓㼑㼚㻌㼒㼛㼕㼘㻭㼗㼕㼒㼡㼙㼕㻌㼅㼛㼓㼛኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻟㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻞㻶㻻㻴㼆㻭㻷㻵㻾㼍㼐㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻙㼔㼥㼐㼞㼛㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼟㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻙㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㻌㼄㻙㼞㼍㼥㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑

㼀㼛㼙㼛㼥㼡㼗㼕㻌㻶㼛㼔㼦㼍㼗㼕ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ඛ㐍⌮ᕤ⣔⛉Ꮫ
◊✲⛉

㻼㻚㻟㻡

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻞㼀㻻㻷㼁㻹㻻㼀㻻㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻺㼑㼣㻌㻿㼛㼕㼘㻌㻹㼛㼕㼟㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㻰㼑㼠㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻿㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼎㼥㻌㻺㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㼟㻵㼑㼥㼍㼟㼡㻌㼀㼛㼗㼡㼙㼛㼠㼛

బ㈡኱Ꮫ㎰Ꮫ㒊⏕≀㈨※⛉Ꮫ⛉㻼㻚㻟㻢㉸㧗ᙉᗘ☢ሙ⛉Ꮫ㔞Ꮚ䝡䞊䝮⛉Ꮫ㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻣㻿㻭㼀㻻㼀㼔㼑㼛㼞㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼏㼍㼘㼏㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼢㼕㼍㻌㼚㼡㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌㼞㼑㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼟㼜㼕㼚㻙㼜㼛㼘㼍㼞㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼐㼑㼡㼠㼑㼞㼕㼡㼙㼀㼛㼞㼡㻌㻿㼍㼠㼛኱㜰኱Ꮫ᰾≀⌮◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊㻼㻚㻟㻣㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻥㻷㻵㼀㻭㻳㻭㼃㻭㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼕㼚㻙㼜㼛㼘㼍㼞㼕㼦㼑㼐㻌㼐㼑㼡㼠㼑㼞㼕㼡㼙㻌㼠㼍㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌㼎㼥㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼔㼛㼠㼛㻙㼑㼤㼏㼕㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼞㼕㼜㼘㼑㼠㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼚㼡㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌㼜㼛㼘㼍㼞㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻹㼍㼟㼍㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㻷㼕㼠㼍㼓㼍㼣㼍኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᇶ♏ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉䝅䝇䝔䝮๰ᡂᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻟㻤㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻞㻺㻵㻿㻴㻵㼁㻯㻴㻵㻯㼘㼍㼞㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼓㼘㼥㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼓㼑㼐㻌㼔㼑㼍㼢㼥㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼘㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㻌㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌㼎㼥㼠㼔㼑㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻹㼍㼙㼕㼗㼛䚷㻺㼕㼟㼔㼕㼡㼏㼔㼕㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㻌㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

㻼㻚㻟㻥㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻥㻹㻻㻾㻭㻯㻱㻲㼍㼟㼠㻌㼘㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼎㼥㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻘㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟㻚㻭㼘㼑㼟㼟㼕㼛㻌㻹㼛㼞㼍㼏㼑኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻠㻜㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻞㻵㼃㻭㻹㻻㼀㻻㻿㼛㼘㼕㼐㻌㼐㼑㼡㼠㼑㼞㼕㼡㼙㻌㼒㼛㼕㼘㻌㼒㼍㼎㼞㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼑㼒㼒㼕㼏㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼏㼛㼘㼐㻌㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻭㼗㼕㼒㼡㼙㼕㻌㻵㼣㼍㼙㼛㼠㼛᰾⼥ྜ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ䝦䝸䜹䝹◊✲㒊㻼㻚㻠㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻣㻴㻭㻮㻭㻾㻭㻹㼛㼐㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㻌㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼘㼘㼕㼙㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼙㼜㼘㼛㼐㼑㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㻌㼎㼥㻌㼑㼙㼎㼑㼐㼐㼑㼐㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼦㼣㼕㼞㼑㻴㼕㼐㼑㼍㼗㼕㻌㻴㼍㼎㼍㼞㼍኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗᕤᏛᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻠㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻜㻹㻻㻾㻵㻵㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼙㼍㼓㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㼣㼍㼢㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼍㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻛㼍㼎㼟㼛㼞㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㻌㼔㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼜㼛㼘㼍㼞㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㼘㼑㼐㻌㼏㼛㼡㼚㼠㼑㼞㻙㼕㼘㼘㼡㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼅㼛㼟㼔㼕㼠㼍㼗㼍㻌㻹㼛㼞㼕ග⏘ᴗ๰ᡂ኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫග⏘ᴗ๰
ᡂ◊✲⛉

㻼㻚㻠㻟

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻟㻹㻻㻾㻵㼀㻭㼀㼣㼛㻙㼐㼕㼙㼑㼚㼟㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼣㼛㻙㼐㼕㼞㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼜㼍㼞㼍㼙㼑㼠㼑㼞㻌㼙㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㼀㼔㼛㼙㼟㼛㼚㻌㼟㼏㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㼀㼍㼕㼏㼔㼕㻌㻹㼛㼞㼕㼠㼍஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲㝔㻼㻚㻠㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻥㻲㻾㻭㻺㻯㻵㻿㻯㻻㻯㼛㼙㼜㼞㼑㼟㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㻾㼕㼏㼔㼠㼙㼥㼑㼞㻙㻹㼑㼟㼔㼗㼛㼢㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼍㻌㼐㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼓㼞㼍㼐㼕㼑㼚㼠㻲㼞㼍㼚㼏㼕㼟㼏㼛㻌㻯㼛㼎㼛㼟㻙㻯㼍㼙㼜㼛㼟

㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼍㼟㼠㼕㼘㼘㼍㻙㻸㼍㻌㻹㼍㼚㼏㼔㼍㻼㻚㻠㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻢㻿㻱㻺㼀㻻㻷㼁㻿㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼕㼟㼛㼏㼔㼛㼞㼕㼏㻌㼔㼑㼍㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼄㻲㻱㻸㻔㻿㻭㻯㻸㻭㻕㼅㼍㼟㼡㼔㼕㼗㼛㻌㻿㼑㼚㼠㼛㼗㼡኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻠㻢㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻤㻿㻱㻺㼀㻻㻷㼁㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㼜㼔㼛㼠㼛㼚㻌㼟㼏㼍㼠㼠㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻌㼕㼚㻌㼚㼛㼚㻙㼠㼔㼑㼞㼙㼍㼘㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼑㼚㼑㼞㼓㼥㻌㼐㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㼟㼕㼚㻌㻼㻵㻯㻸㻿㻌㼏㼛㼐㼑㼅㼍㼟㼡㼔㼕㼗㼛㻌㻿㼑㼚㼠㼛㼗㼡኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻠㻣㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻜㼅㻭㻹㻭㻰㻭㼀㼔㼑㻌㼐㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㻱㻻㻌㼜㼛㼘㼥㼙㼑㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼛㼚㻛㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼙㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼕㼚㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼒㼡㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼑㼤㼜㼑㼞㼕㼙㼑㼚㼠㼀㼛㼟㼔㼕㼗㼕㻌㼅㼍㼙㼍㼐㼍

᝟ሗ㏻ಙ◊✲ᶵᵓᮍ᮶㻵㻯㼀◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻠㻤㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻠㼀㻭㻳㼁㻯㻴㻵㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼡㼘㼠㼞㼍㻙㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㼀㼛㼟㼔㼕㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㼀㼍㼓㼡㼏㼔㼕᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㧗㏿⅔䞉
᪂ᆺ⅔◊✲㛤Ⓨ㒊㛛䚷ᩔ㈡⥲ྜ◊✲㛤Ⓨ䝉䞁䝍䞊

㻼㻚㻠㻥㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻣㻵㼃㻭㼀㻭㼀㼔㼑㼛㼞㼑㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼍㼞㼠㼕㼏㼘㼑㻌㼍㼏㼏㼑㼘㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼕㼚㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼑㼚㼑㼞㼓㼥㻌㼐㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㼟㻌㼏㼞㼑㼍㼠㼑㼐㼎㼥㻌㼗㻶㻌㼏㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌㼡㼘㼠㼞㼍㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㼟㻺㼍㼠㼟㼡㼙㼕㻌㻵㼣㼍㼠㼍኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻡㻜䝥䝷䝈䝬⛉Ꮫ

䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ග⛉Ꮫ㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻠㻵㼀㻻㻿㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼎㼞㼛㼍㼐㼎㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㻌㼘㼕㼝㼡㼕㼐㻌㼏㼞㼥㼟㼠㼍㼘㻌㼐㼑㼢㼕㼏㼑㼟㻾㼥㼛㼠㼍㻌㻵㼠㼛⛅⏣┴❧኱Ꮫ䝅䝇䝔䝮⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡Ꮫ㒊㻼㻚㻡㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻢㼀㻭㻺㻵㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼀㻴㼦㻌㼣㼍㼢㼑㻌㼑㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼐㼑㼢㼕㼏㼑㼟㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻹㼍㼟㼍㼔㼕㼗㼛㻌㼀㼍㼚㼕⚟஭኱Ꮫ㐲㉥እ㡿ᇦ㛤Ⓨ◊✲䝉䞁
䝍䞊

㻼㻚㻡㻞

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻥㻹㻻㻾㻵㼀㻭㻿㼜㼕㼚㻌㼙㼍㼚㼕㼜㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㼀㻴㼦㻌㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻷㼑㼚㻌㻹㼛㼞㼕㼠㼍༓ⴥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㻼㻚㻡㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻜㻷㻭㼃㻭㼅㻭㻹㻭㻱㼢㼍㼘㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼏㼍㼞㼞㼕㼑㼞㻌㼐㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼑㼞㼛㼢㼟㼗㼕㼠㼑㻌㼟㼛㼘㼍㼞㻌㼏㼑㼘㼘㼟㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼠㻌㼠㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㻌㼑㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻵㼣㼍㼛㻌㻷㼍㼣㼍㼥㼍㼙㼍ி㒔኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊⛉Ꮫ◊
✲⛉

㻼㻚㻡㻠

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻝㻿㻭㻸㼂㻭㻰㻻㻾㻵㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼑㼡㼠㼑㼞㼕㼡㼙㻌㼕㼞㼞㼍㼐㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㼓㼍㼘㼘㼕㼡㼙㻌㼍㼞㼟㼑㼚㼕㼐㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼟㼕㼘㼕㼏㼛㼚㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼟㼛㼘㼍㼞㻌㼏㼑㼘㼘㼟㻭㼞㼚㼑㼘㻌㻭㻚㻌㻿㼍㼘㼢㼍㼐㼛㼞㻺㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼕㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㻼㻚㻡㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻟㻹㻭㼀㻿㼁㻵㼀㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㻌㼟㼣㼕㼠㼏㼔㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼠㼕㼘㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼏㻌㼟㼑㼙㼕㼏㼛㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㼀㼍㼠㼟㼡㼚㼛㼟㼡㼗㼑㻌㻹㼍㼠㼟㼡㼕୕㔜኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㻼㻚㻡㻢㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻠㻱㻿㼀㻭㻯㻵㻻㼀㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㻌㼑㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼦㼕㼚㼏㻌㼛㼤㼕㼐㼑㻙㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼜㼔㼛㼠㼛㼏㼛㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼍㼚㼠㼑㼚㼚㼍㼐㼑㼢㼕㼏㼑㼟

㻱㼘㼙㼑㼞㻌㻿㼡㼞㼍㼠㻌㻱㼟㼠㼍㼏㼕㼛㻺㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼕㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㻼㻚㻡㻣㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻡㻷㻭㼃㻭㼅㻭㻹㻭㻱㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼕㼟㼔㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻙㼐㼛㼙㼍㼕㼚㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼟㼏㼛㼜㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼘㼑㼤㼏㼛㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼢㼕㼠㼥㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼕㼟㼛㼞㼐㼑㼞㼑㼐㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼟㻵㼣㼍㼛㻌㻷㼍㼣㼍㼥㼍㼙㼍ி㒔኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊⛉Ꮫ◊
✲⛉

㻼㻚㻡㻤

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻢㻹㻭㻾㼁㼅㻭㻹㻭㻵㼐㼑㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼙㼍㼓㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼛㼘㼥㼙㼛㼞㼜㼔㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼡㼞㼕㼚㼍㼞㼥㻌㼟㼠㼛㼚㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼠㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼟㼏㼛㼜㼥㻹㼕㼔㼛㼗㼛㻌㻹㼍㼞㼡㼥㼍㼙㼍኱㜰኱Ꮫ㧗➼ඹ๰◊✲㝔㻛኱Ꮫ㝔
ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉

㻼㻚㻡㻥

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻢㻻㼀㻭㻺㻵㻱㼤㼍㼙㼕㼚㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼡㼜㼑㼞㼏㼛㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼚㼓㻌㼀㼞㼍㼚㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼀㼑㼙㼜㼑㼞㼑㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㻹㼕㼏㼞㼛㼣㼍㼢㼑㻌㻷㼕㼚㼑㼠㼕㼏㻌㻵㼚㼐㼡㼏㼠㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㻰㼑㼠㼑㼏㼠㼛㼞㼟㻯㼔㼕㼗㼛㻌㻻㼠㼍㼚㼕⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤග㔞ᏊᕤᏛ◊✲䝉䞁
䝍䞊

㻼㻚㻢㻜

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻥㻷㼁㼃㻭㻿㻴㻵㻹㻭㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼠㼍㼚㼑㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼏㼔㼍㼛㼟㻌㼠㼔㼞㼛㼡㼓㼔㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼠㼑㼚㼚㼍㻲㼡㼙㼕㼥㼛㼟㼔㼕㻌㻷㼡㼣㼍㼟㼔㼕㼙㼍 Ꮫ⛉⚟஭ᕤᴗ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚᕤ㻼㻚㻢㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻞㻹㻭㻷㻵㻺㻻㼀㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㻌㼐㼑㼢㼕㼏㼑㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼜㼔㼍㼟㼑㻌㼏㼔㼍㼚㼓㼑㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻷㼛㼠㼍㼞㼛㻌㻹㼍㼗㼕㼚㼛⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ䝘䝜䜶䝺䜽䝖䝻䝙䜽䝇◊✲㒊㛛

㻼㻚㻢㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻥㻸㻱㻱㻵㻾㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼀㻴㼦㻌㼃㼍㼢㼑㻌㼀㼞㼍㼚㼟㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㻯㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻳㼍㼟㻌㻹㼛㼘㼑㼏㼡㼘㼑㼟㻌㻭㼎㼟㼛㼞㼎㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻹㼑㼠㼍㼘㻌㻻㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼏㻌㻲㼞㼍㼙㼑㼣㼛㼞㼗㼟㻌㻱㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼐㼑㼟㻿㼍㼚㼓㻙㻿㼑㼛㼗㻌㻸㼑㼑㫽ྲྀ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉᝟ሗ䜶䝺䜽䝖䝻䝙䜽䝇ᑓᨷ㻼㻚㻢㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻥㻭㻿㻭㻷㻭㼃㻭㻿㼙㼕㼠㼔㻙㻼㼡㼞㼏㼑㼘㼘㻌㼞㼍㼐㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼑㼙㼕㼠㼠㼑㼐㻌㼒㼞㼛㼙㻌㼜㼟㻌㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼎㼡㼚㼏㼔㻌㼕㼚㻌㼀㻴㼦㻌㼣㼍㼢㼑㻌㼞㼍㼚㼓㼑㻹㼍㼗㼛㼠㼛㻌㻭㼟㼍㼗㼍㼣㼍㛵す኱Ꮫ䝅䝇䝔䝮⌮ᕤᏛ㒊≀⌮䞉ᛂ⏝≀⌮Ꮫ⛉

㻼㻚㻢㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻟㻺㻭㻿㻴㻵㻹㻭㻲㼍㼎㼞㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼡㼘㼠㼞㼍㼎㼞㼛㼍㼐㼎㼍㼚㼐㻌㼣㼕㼞㼑㻙㼓㼞㼕㼐㻌㼜㼛㼘㼍㼞㼕㼦㼑㼞㼟㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼟㼡㼎㻙㻝㻜㼡㼙㻌㼐㼕㼍㼙㼑㼠㼑㼞㻌㼣㼕㼞㼑㻿㼔㼕㼓㼑㼗㼕䚷㻺㼍㼟㼔㼕㼙㼍኱㜰ᕷ❧኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㻼㻚㻢㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻠㻷㼁㼃㻭㻿㻴㻵㻹㻭㻸㼛㼣㻌㼏㼛㼟㼠㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼠㼍㼎㼘㼑㻌㻯㼃㻙㼀㻴㼦㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼟㼏㼛㼜㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼢㼛㼘㼏㼍㼚㼕㼏㻌㼍㼟㼔㻲㼡㼙㼕㼥㼛㼟㼔㼕㻌㻷㼡㼣㼍㼟㼔㼕㼙㼍 Ꮫ⛉⚟஭ᕤᴗ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚᕤ㻼㻚㻢㻢䝟䝽䞊䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻤㼅㻻㻿㻴㻵㻰㻭㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼕㼎㼑㼞㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼜㼡㼙㼜㼑㼐㻌㻠㻌㼡㼙㻌㼎㼍㼚㼐㻌㻲㼑㻦㻌㼆㼚㻿㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㼅㼛㼟㼔㼕㼐㼍㻌㻹㼕㼚㼛㼞㼡㏆␥኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉㻼㻚㻢㻣㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻜㻷㻭㻺㻭㻮㻱㻵㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㻌㼜㼑㼞㼒㼛㼞㼙㼍㼚㼏㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻸㻲㻱㼄㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㼀㼍㼐㼍㼟㼔㼕㻌㻷㼍㼚㼍㼎㼑⚟஭኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ཎᏊຊ䞉䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊Ᏻ඲ᕤᏛᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻢㻤㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻤㻵㻺㻻㼁㻱㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻰㻼㻿㻿㻌㼢㼕㼟㼕㼎㼘㼑㻌㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻿㼔㼡㼚㼟㼡㼗㼑㻌㻵㼚㼛㼡㼑ி㒔኱Ꮫ໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻢㻥㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻡㻷㻭㼃㻭㼀㻻㻴㼕㼓㼔㻌㼓㼍㼕㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㼐㼕㼟㼜㼑㼞㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㻙㼘㼛㼏㼗㼑㼐㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼡㼠㼜㼡㼠㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㼔㼕㼓㼔㼘㼥㻌㼚㼛㼚㼘㼕㼚㼑㼍㼞㻌㼙㼑㼐㼕㼡㼙㻌㼕㼚㼟㼕㼐㼑㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼛㼟㼏㼕㼘㼘㼍㼠㼛㼞㻿㼍㼗㼍㼑㻌㻷㼍㼣㼍㼠㼛⚟஭኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔ᕤᏛ⣔㒊㛛㻼㻚㻣㻜㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻣㻷㻭㼃㻭㼀㻻㻽㼡㼍㼚㼠㼕㼒㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼕㼚㼒㼘㼡㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼎㼘㼡㼑㻌㼜㼡㼙㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼑㼒㼒㼕㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼕㼚㼡㼛㼡㼟㻙㼣㼍㼢㼑㻌㼀㼕㻦㻌㼟㼍㼜㼜㼔㼕㼞㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻿㼍㼗㼍㼑㻌㻷㼍㼣㼍㼠㼛⚟஭኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔ᕤᏛ⣔㒊㛛㻼㻚㻣㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻝㻹㼁㻾㻭㼀㻭㻵㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼟㼠㼕㼏㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼞㻟㻗㻙㼐㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌㼓㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌㼟㼏㼕㼚㼠㼕㼘㼘㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㼐㼑㼠㼑㼏㼠㼛㼞

㼀㼍㼗㼍㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㻹㼡㼞㼍㼠㼍⇃ᮏ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ඛ➃⛉Ꮫ◊✲㒊㻼㻚㻣㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻟㻾㻭㻰㼁㻮㻭㻺㻻㼜㼠㼕㼙㼕㼦㼕㼚㼓㻌㻼㼞㼍㼟㼑㼛㼐㼥㼙㼕㼡㼙㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻯㼑㼞㼕㼡㼙㻌㼏㼛㻙㼐㼛㼜㼕㼚㼓㻌㼕㼚㻌㻭㻼㻸㻲㻌㼓㼘㼍㼟㼟㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㼐㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼟㼏㼕㼚㼠㼕㼘㼘㼍㼠㼛㼞㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻹㼍㼞㼕㼘㼛㼡㻌㻯㼍㼐㼍㼠㼍㼘㻙㻾㼍㼐㼡㼎㼍㼚

㻿㼏㼔㼛㼛㼘㻌㼛㼒㻌㻺㼍㼠㼡㼞㼍㼘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻯㼛㼙㼜㼡㼠㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㼟㻘㻌㻹㼍㼟㼟㼑㼥㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻼㻚㻣㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻡㻳㻭㻾㻯㻵㻭㻲㼑㼙㼠㼛㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼐㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼐㼑㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼏㼔㼍㼞㼍㼏㼠㼑㼞㼕㼦㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼑㻻㻞㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌㼒㼕㼘㼙㼟㼃㼕㼘㼟㼛㼚㻌㻻㼚㼓㻌㻳㼍㼞㼏㼕㼍㻺㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼕㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㻼㻚㻣㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻜㻤㻿㻭㻾㻹㻭㻳㻻㼂㼑㼞㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㼘㼥㻌㼍㼘㼕㼓㼚㼑㼐㻌㼦㼕㼚㼏㻌㼛㼤㼕㼐㼑㻙㼜㼛㼘㼥㼙㼑㼞㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼑㼟㻌㼍㼟㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㼕㼙㼜㼞㼛㼢㼑㼐㻌㼁㼂㻌㼘㼡㼙㼕㼚㼑㼟㼏㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼡㼙㻌㼥㼕㼑㼘㼐㻾㼛㼘㼍㼚㼐㻌㼂㻚㻌㻿㼍㼞㼙㼍㼓㼛㻺㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㻼㼔㼥㼟㼕㼏㼟㻘㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼕㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㻼㻚㻣㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻞㻼㼁㼀㼁㻺㻳㻭㻺㻵㼚㼢㼑㼟㼠㼕㼓㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻴㼥㼐㼞㼛㼓㼑㼚㻌㼍㼐㼟㼛㼞㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼚㻌㻳㼍㼘㼘㼕㼡㼙㻌㻺㼕㼠㼞㼕㼐㼑㻦㻌㻭㻌㻰㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㻲㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㼀㼔㼑㼛㼞㼥㻌㻿㼠㼡㼐㼥㻭㼘㼑㼤㼍㼚㼐㼞㼍㻌㻮㼑㼞㼚㼍㼞㼐㼛㻿㼍㼚㼠㼛㼟㻙㻼㼡㼠㼡㼚㼓㼍㼚㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻼㼔㼕㼘㼕㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㼟㻌㻸㼛㼟
㻮㼍㽼㼛㼟

㻼㻚㻣㻢

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻝㻙㻜㻝㻤㻿㻭㻹㻿㻻㻺㻾㼍㼐㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻙㼍㼟㼟㼕㼟㼠㼑㼐㻌㼆㼚㻻㻌㼚㼍㼚㼛㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼒㼍㼎㼞㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㼑㼟㼂㼍㼘㼘㼑㼞㼕㼑㻌㻭㼚㼚㻌㻵㼚㼚㼕㼟㻿㼍㼙㼟㼛㼚

㻼㼔㼕㼘㼕㼜㼜㼕㼚㼑㻌㻺㼡㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻌㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻵㼚㼟㼠㼕㼠㼡㼠㼑㻼㻚㻣㻣㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻞㻲㼁㻶㻵㻹㻻㼀㻻㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼍㼐㼢㼍㼚㼏㼑㼐㻌㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼒㼕㼎㼑㼞㻌㼐㼑㼢㼕㼏㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼅㼍㼟㼡㼟㼔㼕㻌㻲㼡㼖㼕㼙㼛㼠㼛༓ⴥᕤᴗ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚᕤ
Ꮫ⛉

㻼㻚㻣㻤

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻟㼀㻻㻷㼁㻰㻭㻽㼡㼍㼟㼕㻙㼐㼕㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼕㼏㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼘㼘㼕㼏㻌㼟㼘㼕㼠㻌㼍㼞㼞㼍㼥㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㼠㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼞㼠㼦㻌㼣㼍㼢㼑㼟㼅㼍㼟㼡㼚㼛㼞㼕㻌㼀㼛㼗㼡㼐㼍ᒸᒣ┴❧኱Ꮫ᝟ሗᕤᏛ㒊᝟ሗ㏻
ಙᕤᏛ⛉

㻼㻚㻣㻥

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻠㻼㻴㻭㻹㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼠㼡㼚㼍㼎㼘㼑㻘㻌㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㻙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌㼁㼂㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼍㻌㻯㼑㻦㻸㼕㻯㻭㻲㻌㼏㼞㼥㼟㼠㼍㼘㼒㼛㼞㻌㻸㻵㻰㻭㻾㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻼㼔㼍㼙㻌㻴㼛㼚㼓㻌㻹㼕㼚㼔㼂㼕㼑㼠㼚㼍㼙㻌㻭㼏㼍㼐㼑㼙㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㼀㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥

㻼㻚㻤㻜

ගᏛᮦᩱ

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻡㼅㻻㻿㻴㻵㻷㻭㼃㻭㻼㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼒㼡㼚㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㼍㼘㻌㼛㼞㼓㼍㼚㼕㼏㻌㼏㼞㼥㼟㼠㼍㼘㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻴㼕㼞㼛㼟㼔㼕㻌㼅㼛㼟㼔㼕㼗㼍㼣㼍㻰㼑㼜㼍㼞㼠㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼔㼑㼙㼕㼟㼠㼞㼥㻘㻌㻿㼍㼕㼠㼍㼙㼍㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻼㻚㻤㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻟㻵㼃㻭㻿㻭㻸㼡㼙㼕㼚㼑㼟㼏㼑㼚㼏㼑㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼍㼞㼑㻙㼑㼍㼞㼠㼔㻌㼐㼛㼜㼑㼐㻌㼙㼕㼤㼑㼐㻙㼍㼚㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㼅㼡㼗㼕㻌㻵㼣㼍㼟㼍⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤィ㔞ᶆ‽⥲ྜ䝉䞁䝍䞊≀⌮ィ ᶆ‽㒊㛛㻼㻚㻤㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻠㻻㻳㻵㻺㻻㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼑㼣㻌㼑㼤㼏㼕㼠㼛㼚㼕㼏㻌㼘㼡㼙㼕㼚㼑㼟㼏㼑㼚㼠㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻌㼛㼚㻌㼙㼕㼤㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼕㼛㼚㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼡㼚㼐㼟㻴㼕㼞㼍㼗㼡㻌㻻㼓㼕㼚㼛⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ䜶䝺䜽䝖䝻䝙䜽䝇〇㐀㡿ᇦ㟁Ꮚගᢏ⾡◊✲㒊㛛㻼㻚㻤㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻡㻺㻭㻷㻭㻺㻻㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㻺㼐㻦㻯㼍㻲㻞㻌㼏㼑㼞㼍㼙㼕㼏㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㻴㼕㼠㼛㼟㼔㼕㻌㻺㼍㼗㼍㼚㼛㏆␥኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉㻼㻚㻤㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻣㻹㻻㻾㻵㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼝㼡㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼘㼍㼞㼓㼑㻌㼚㼛㼚㼘㼕㼚㼑㼍㼞㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼎㼛㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼏㼞㼥㼟㼠㼍㼘㼅㼡㼟㼡㼗㼑㻌㻹㼛㼞㼕኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗᕤᏛᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻤㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻝㻷㼁㻾㻻㻿㻭㼃㻭㻿㼏㼕㼚㼠㼕㼘㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼏㼑㼞㼍㼙㼕㼟㼏㼟㻿㼔㼡㼚㼟㼡㼗㼑㻌㻷㼡㼞㼛㼟㼍㼣㼍ᮾ໭኱Ꮫᮍ᮶⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ඹྠ◊✲
䝉䞁䝍䞊

㻼㻚㻤㻢

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻞㼅㻭㻹㻭㻶㻵㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼛㼢㼑㼘㻌㼞㼑㼐㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼚㼒㼞㼍㼞㼑㼐㻌㼜㼔㼛㼟㼜㼔㼛㼞㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼘㼡㼙㼕㼚㼛㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼒㼍㼟㼠㼐㼑㼏㼍㼥㻌㼠㼕㼙㼑㻭㼗㼕㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㼅㼍㼙㼍㼖㼕ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ㔠ᒓᮦᩱ◊✲ᡤඛ➃⤖ᬗᕤᏛ◊✲㒊

㻼㻚㻤㻣㻿㼥㼙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼡㼙㻌㼛㼚㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼐㼍㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼑㼚㼑㼞㼓㼥㻌㼐㼑㼚㼟㼕㼠㼥㻌㼟㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼑㻴㼕㼐㼑㼛㻌㻺㻭㻳㻭㼀㻻㻹㻻኱㜰኱Ꮫ䞉䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻤㻤㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻝㻲㼁㻾㼁㻷㻭㼃㻭㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼓㼞㼍㼠㼑㼐㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼏㼛㼐㼑㻌㼛㼚㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼡㼘㼠㼞㼍㻌㼟㼔㼛㼞㼠㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㼟㻚㻴㼕㼞㼛㼥㼡㼗㼕㻌㻲㼡㼞㼡㼗㼍㼣㼍䝺䞊䝄䞊ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ⌮ㄽ䞉䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝏䞊䝮㻼㻚㻤㻥㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻠㻴㻵㻾㻻㻿㻱㻾㼍㼐㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㻹㻴㻰㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼏㼏㼞㼑㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼐㼕㼟㼗㼟㻿㼔㼕㼓㼑㼚㼛㼎㼡㻌㻴㼕㼞㼛㼟㼑ᾏὒ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓᩘ⌮⛉Ꮫ䞉ඛ➃ᢏ⾡◊✲ศ㔝

㻼㻚㻥㻜㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻡㻹㻭㼀㻿㼁㻻㻷㻭㻺㼛㼚㼘㼕㼚㼑㼍㼞㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼍㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼎㼑㼠㼣㼑㼑㼚㻌㼍㼚㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼞㼒㼍㼏㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼡㼘㼗㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼢㼛㼞㼠㼕㼏㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㻾㼕㼓㼔㼠㼙㼥㼑㼞㻙㻹㼑㼟㼔㼗㼛㼢㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼥㻯㼔㼕㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㻹㼍㼠㼟㼡㼛㼗㼍኱㜰ᕷ❧኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ᛂ⏝ᩘᏛㅮᗙ

㻼㻚㻥㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻣㻿㼁㻺㻭㻴㻭㻾㻭㻺㼡㼙㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㻌㼒㼍㼏㼕㼚㼓㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻭㼠㼟㼡㼟㼔㼕㻌㻿㼡㼚㼍㼔㼍㼞㼍㻯㼑㼚㼠㼑㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻹㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌㼁㼚㼐㼑㼞㼑㼄㼠㼞㼑㼙㼑㻌㻱㼚㼢㼕㼞㼛㼚㼙㼑㼚㼠㻘㻌㻌㻺㼡㼏㼘㼑㼍㼞㻱㼚㼓㼕㼚㼑㼑㼞㼕㼚㼓㻘㻌㻼㼡㼞㼐㼡㼑㻌㼁㼚㼕㼢㼑㼞㼟㼕㼠㼥㻼㻚㻥㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻜㻤㻿㻭㻿㻭㻷㻵㻭㼚㼍㼘㼥㼟㼕㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼐㼍㼙㼍㼓㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼜㼑㼞㼏㼛㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼙㼛㼐㼑㼘㻭㼗㼕㼞㼍㻌㻿㼍㼟㼍㼗㼕㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

㻼㻚㻥㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻝㻹㻻㼀㻻㻷㻻㻿㻴㻵㻮㼡㼕㼘㼐㻙㼡㼜㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼕㼘㼕㼏㼍㻌㼓㼘㼍㼟㼟㻌㼟㼠㼞㼡㼏㼠㼡㼞㼑㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼒㼍㼎㼞㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻿㼔㼕㼚㼖㼕㻌㻹㼛㼠㼛㼗㼛㼟㼔㼕䝺䞊䝄䞊ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ䝺䞊䝄䞊
ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨᐊ

㻼㻚㻥㻠

≀⌮䜲䞁䝣䜷䝬䝔䜱䜽䝇㻞㻜㻞㻜㻯㻙㻜㻜㻞㻺㻭㻳㻭㼀㻻㻹㻻୍⯡ඹྠ◊✲

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻟㼅㻭㻹㻭㻹㻻㼀㻻㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼟㼜㼔㼑㼞㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼞㼍㼞㼑㻙㼑㼍㼞㼠㼔㻌㼚㼕㼠㼞㼕㼐㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼐㼕㼒㼒㼑㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼏㼛㼙㼜㼛㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼑㼒㼒㼕㼏㼕㼑㼚㼏㼥㻌㼏㼞㼥㼛㼓㼑㼚㼕㼏㻌㼞㼑㼒㼞㼕㼓㼑㼞㼍㼠㼛㼞㼟㼀㼍㼗㼍㼛㻌㼅㼍㼙㼍㼙㼛㼠㼛኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉䝡䝆䝛䝇䜶䞁䝆䝙䜰䝸䞁䜾ᑓᨷ㻼㻚㻥㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻢㻹㻻㼀㻻㻷㻻㻿㻴㻵㻸㼍㼟㼑㼞㻙㼕㼚㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌㼐㼍㼙㼍㼓㼑㻌㼠㼔㼞㼑㼟㼔㼛㼘㼐㻌㼎㼥㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㼟㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻿㼔㼕㼚㼖㼕㻌㻹㼛㼠㼛㼗㼛㼟㼔㼕䝺䞊䝄䞊ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ䝺䞊䝄䞊
ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨᐊ

㻼㻚㻥㻢

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻝㻣㻲㼁㻾㼁㼀㻭㼀㻴㼦㻌㼞㼍㼐㼕㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼎㼟㼛㼞㼜㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㻺㼀㻌㼒㼛㼞㼑㼟㼠㻌㼙㼑㼠㼍㼙㼍㼠㼑㼞㼕㼍㼘㼟㻴㼕㼞㼛㼟㼔㼕㻌㻲㼡㼞㼡㼠㼍㧗▱ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ䝅䝇䝔䝮ᕤᏛ⩌㻼㻚㻥㻣㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻝㻷㻻㻵㼆㼁㻹㻵㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㻌㼙㼑㼍㼟㼡㼞㼑㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻺㻾㼀㻭㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑

㻹㼕㼠㼟㼡㼛㻌㻷㼛㼕㼦㼡㼙㼕᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ᰾୙ᣑ
ᩓ䞉᰾䝉䜻䝳䝸䝔䜱⥲ྜᨭ᥼䝉䞁
䝍䞊

㻼㻚㻥㻤

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻞㻢㻻㻴㻷㼁㻮㻻㻹㼍㼏㼔㼕㼚㼑㻌㻸㼑㼍㼞㼚㼕㼚㼓㻌㼛㼒㻌㻰㼕㼑㼘㼑㼏㼠㼞㼕㼏㻌㻹㼕㼞㼞㼛㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻴㼕㼓㼔㻌㻼㼛㼣㼑㼞㻌㻸㼍㼟㼑㼞㼟㼀㼛㼙㼛㼙㼍㼟㼍㻌㻻㼔㼗㼡㼎㼛ᮾிᕤ⛉኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉㻼㻚㻥㻥㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻜㻲㼁㻶㻵㼀㻭㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻸㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㻮㼑㼍㼙㻌㻿㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㼟㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼠㼔㼑㼕㼞㻌㻭㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻹㼍㼟㼍㼥㼡㼗㼕㻌㻲㼡㼖㼕㼠㼍䝺䞊䝄䞊ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝻䝉䝇◊✲䝏䞊䝮㻼㻚㻝㻜㻜㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻝㼁㼀㻿㼁㻾㻻㻺㻹㻾㻌㼟㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㻴㻰㻌㼜㼞㼛㼎㼑㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㼠㼑㼙㼜㼑㼞㼍㼠㼡㼞㼑㻌㼞㼑㼓㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼍㼎㼛㼡㼠㻌㻝㻙㻝㻜㻷㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼜㼞㼑㼜㼍㼞㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼛㼒㻌㼟㼛㼘㼕㼐㻌㻴㻰㻌㼠㼔㼕㼚㻌㼘㼍㼥㼑㼞㻙㼠㼍㼞㼓㼑㼠㻹㼍㼟㼍㼔㼕㼗㼛㻌㼁㼠㼟㼡㼞㼛኱㜰኱Ꮫ᰾≀⌮◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊㻼㻚㻝㻜㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻠㻹㻭㻿㻭㻰㻭㻺㼛㼚㻙㼘㼛㼏㼍㼘㼕㼠㼥㻌㼕㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻿㼛㼘㼍㼞㻌㻯㼛㼚㼢㼑㼏㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㻵㼙㼜㼍㼏㼠㻌㼛㼚㻌㼠㼔㼑㻌㻵㼚㼠㼑㼞㼚㼍㼘㻌㼀㼞㼍㼚㼟㼜㼛㼞㼠㻰㼥㼚㼍㼙㼕㼏㼟

㼅㼛㼡㼔㼑㼕㻌㻹㼍㼟㼍㼐㼍ឡ▱ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊⌮⛉ᩍ⫱
ㅮᗙ

㻼㻚㻝㻜㻞

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻟㻡㻻㻴㼀㻭㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻿㼡㼎㻙㼀㼑㼞㼍㼔㼑㼘㼠㼦㻌㼀㻰㻿㻌㻼㼛㼘㼍㼞㼕㼙㼑㼠㼞㼥㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㻯㼛㼟㼙㼕㼏㻌㼙㼕㼏㼞㼛㼣㼍㼢㼑㻌㻮㼍㼏㼓㼞㼛㼡㼚㼐㻻㼎㼟㼑㼞㼢㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻵㼦㼡㼙㼕㻌㻿㻚㻌㻻㼔㼠㼍⏥༡኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㻼㻚㻝㻜㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻜㼅㻭㻹㻭㻺㻭㻷㻭㻸㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼕㼟㼛㼠㼛㼜㼑㻌㼍㼚㼍㼘㼥㼦㼑㼞㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼘㼡㼚㼍㻌㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻯㼔㼕㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㼅㼍㼙㼍㼚㼍㼗㼍኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉Ᏹᐂᆅ⌫⛉Ꮫᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻝㻜㻠㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻝㻺㻵㻿㻴㻵㻷㻵㻺㻻㻾㼑㼟㼑㼞㼏㼔㻌㼛㼚㻌㼟㼑㼚㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼍㼐㼢㼍㼚㼏㼑㼐㻌㼎㼑㼍㼙㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㼟㻌㼎㼥㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼟㼏㼍㼚㼚㼕㼚㼓㻹㼍㼟㼍㼔㼍㼞㼡㻌㻺㼕㼟㼔㼕㼗㼕㼚㼛㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

㻼㻚㻝㻜㻡㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻠㻢㻲㼁㻾㼁㻿㻱㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼜㼍㼞㼑㼚㼠㻌㼏㼑㼞㼍㼙㼕㼏㼟㻴㼕㼞㼛㼍㼗㼕㻌㻲㼡㼞㼡㼟㼑໭ぢᕤᴗ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹ᕤ
Ꮫ⛉

㻼㻚㻝㻜㻢

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻟㼀㻭㻺㻭㻮㻱㻱㼢㼍㼘㼡㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼗㼘㼑㼟㻌㼣㼕㼠㼔㻌㼞㼑㼐㻘㻌㼓㼞㼑㼑㼚㻘㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㼎㼘㼡㼑㻌㼏㼛㼘㼛㼞㼑㼐㻌㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼘㼕㼓㼔㼠㻌㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㼟㼍㼚㼐㻌㼕㼠㼟㻌㼟㼡㼜㼞㼞㼑㼟㼕㼛㼚㻹㼕㼚㼛㼞㼡㻌㼀㼍㼚㼍㼎㼑⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ≀⌮ィ
‽◊✲㒊㛛

ᶆ

㻼㻚㻝㻜㻣

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻡㻷㻭㼃㻭㻹㼁㻾㻭㻱㼒㼒㼑㼏㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼜㼛㼕㼚㼠㻌㼐㼑㼒㼑㼏㼠㼟㻌㼛㼚㻌㼛㼜㼠㼕㼏㼍㼘㻌㼜㼞㼛㼜㼑㼞㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㻳㼍㻺㼀㼍㼗㼍㼔㼕㼞㼛㻌㻷㼍㼣㼍㼙㼡㼞㼍୕㔜኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ᶵᲔ
ᕤᏛᑓᨷ

㻼㻚㻝㻜㻤

㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻡㻣㻴㻵㻳㻭㻿㻴㻵㻳㼁㻯㻴㻵㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼓㼑㼚㼑㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㻰㻞㻻㻌㼠㼍㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼞㼍㼠㼑㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻙㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㼝㼡㼍㼚㼠㼡㼙㻌㼎㼑㼍㼙㻌㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㼟㼀㼍㼗㼑㼟㼔㼕㻌㻴㼕㼓㼍㼟㼔㼕㼓㼡㼏㼔㼕Ᏹ㒔ᐑ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㻼㻚㻝㻜㻥㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻝㻵㻺㼁㻮㼁㻿㻴㻵㻿㼠㼡㼐㼥㻌㼛㼒㻌㼠㼞㼍㼚㼟㼕㼑㼚㼠㻌㼟㼠㼍㼠㼑㻌㼛㼒㻌㼕㼚㼠㼑㼚㼟㼑㻙㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻙㼜㼞㼛㼐㼡㼏㼑㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼒㼑㼙㼠㼛㼟㼑㼏㼛㼚㼐㻌㼄㻙㼞㼍㼥㻌㼟㼜㼑㼏㼠㼞㼛㼟㼏㼛㼜㼥㼅㼡㼕㼏㼔㼕㻌㻵㼚㼡㼎㼡㼟㼔㼕

㧗㍤ᗘග⛉Ꮫ◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊㻌㼄㻲㻱㻸฼⏝◊✲᥎㐍ᐊ㻼㻚㻝㻝㻜㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻟㻻㻰㻭㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼍㼘㻙㼠㼕㼙㼑㻌㼏㼛㼚㼠㼞㼛㼘㻌㼟㼥㼟㼠㼑㼙㻌㼒㼛㼞㻌㼍㼜㼜㼘㼕㼏㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㼞㼑㼜㼑㼠㼕㼠㼕㼢㼑㻙㼜㼡㼘㼟㼑㻌㼔㼕㼓㼔㻙㼜㼛㼣㼑㼞㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㼅㼍㼟㼡㼔㼕㼟㼍㻌㻻㼐㼍ᦤ༡኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊ᶵᲔᕤᏛ⛉㻼㻚㻝㻝㻝㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻡㻿㻭㻺㻻㻰㼑㼏㼍㼥㻌㼕㼚㼟㼠㼍㼎㼕㼘㼕㼠㼕㼑㼟㻌㼛㼒㻌㼣㼔㼕㼟㼠㼘㼑㼞㻌㼣㼍㼢㼑㼟㻌㼕㼚㻌㼟㼛㼘㼍㼞㻌㼣㼕㼚㼐㻌㼜㼘㼍㼟㼙㼍㼟㼀㼍㼗㼍㼥㼛㼟㼔㼕㻌㻿㼍㼚㼛኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㻼㻚㻝㻝㻞㻞㻜㻞㻜㻮㻞㻙㻜㻢㻤㻺㻭㻾㻭㼆㻭㻷㻵㻮㼍㼟㼕㼏㻌㼠㼑㼏㼔㼚㼛㼘㼛㼓㼥㻌㼞㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻌㼛㼒㻌㼚㼍㼚㼛㻙㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼐㼍㼠㼍㻌㼍㼏㼝㼡㼕㼟㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼠㼛㼣㼍㼞㼐㻌㻯㻼㻿㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㼜㼞㼛㼏㼑㼟㼟㼕㼚㼓㻭㼕㼗㼛㻌㻺㼍㼞㼍㼦㼍㼗㼕⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㟁Ꮚගᇶ♏
ᢏ⾡◊✲㒊㛛

㻼㻚㻝㻝㻟㻞㻜㻞㻜㻯㻙㻜㻜㻟㻷㻻㻵㼆㼁㻹㻵㻰㼑㼢㼑㼘㼛㼜㼙㼑㼚㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻌㻺㻾㼀㻭㻌㼙㼑㼠㼔㼛㼐㻌㼡㼟㼕㼚㼓㻌㼘㼍㼟㼑㼞㻌㼐㼞㼕㼢㼑㼚㻌㼚㼑㼡㼠㼞㼛㼚㻌㼟㼛㼡㼞㼏㼑㻹㼕㼠㼟㼡㼛㻌㻷㼛㼕㼦㼡㼙㼕᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ᰾୙ᣑ
ᩓ䞉᰾䝉䜻䝳䝸䝔䜱⥲ྜᨭ᥼䝉䞁
䝍䞊

㻼㻚㻝㻝㻠

Experimental investigation on electron scale magnetic reconnection with high-power laser
Y. Kuramitsu1, K. Sakai1, T. Minami1, T. Hihara1, T. Nishimoto1, K. Iwasaki1, K. Himeno1, T. Taguchi1, Y. Sakawa2,
S. Egashira2, M. Ota2, Y. Nakagawa2, Y. Matsumoto2, H. Ishihara2, O. Kuramoto2, T. Morita3, S. Matsuo3, T. Kojima3,
S. Matsukiyo3, S. Isayama3, M. Iwamoto3, T. Nagano3, M. Furukawa3, H. Luo3, R. Yamazaki4, S. J. Tanaka4, K. Sugiyama4,
K. Aihara4, Y. Sato4, R. Shina4, K. Tomita5, T. Takezaki6, T. Oguchi6
1) Eng., Osaka University, Japan, 2) ILE, Osaka University, Japan, 3) Kyushu University, Japan,
4) Aoyama Gakuin University, Japan, 5) Hokkaido University, Japan, 6) University of Toyama, Japan.

We have investigated magnetic reconnection driven
by electron dynamics. In FY 2020, we used a structured
target in Fig. (a) and applied a gradient magnetic fieldin Fig. (b). We irradiated the target with GEKKO XIIHIPER laser. As shown in Fig. (c), the transverse global
structures and local parameters are observed with
optical imaging and collective Thomson scattering(CTS), respectively. Figure (d) shows the image of selfemission. The collimated flow due to the targetq
structure is observed. We compared the results with andwithout the external magnetic field. In addition to this,
we obtained two components of velocity via CTS. We
have been analyzing the CTS spectra and the dynamics
of both electron and ion will be revealed.

(a)

z
y

(b)

x

x

CTS (parallel)
(c)

y

(d)

t=10 nsz
Imaging

SUMMARYCTS (perpendicular)

Collimated flow

FIG. (a) Schematic image of the target. The plasma iscollimated along the x axis. (b) Magnetic field configuration.
The white arrow show the direction of magnetic field. (c)Experimental setup. (d) Self-emission image.
-11-

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# -12-

Magnetic Reconnection in self-generated magnetic fields and its dependence on a guide-field
T. Morita1, S. Matsuo1, T. Kojima1, S. Isayama1, Y. Arikawa2, T. Takezaki3, R. Yamazaki4, K. Sugiyama4, K. Aihara4,
S. Egashira2, O. Kuramoto2, Y. Matsumoto2, K. Sakai2, Y. Sakawa2
1) Kyushu University, Japan, 2) Osaka University, Japan, 3) Toyama University, Japan,
4) Aoyama gakuin University, Japan
(a)

(b)

࣮࢝࣎ࣥ
ⷧ⭷

2 mm

SUMMARY⃭ග࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿ࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࣉࣛࢬ࣐
࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⮬ᕫ⏕ᡂ☢ሙࡀ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ┦஫స⏝࠿ࡽ☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥࡀ㥑ືࡉࢀࡿᵝᏊࢆィ ࡋࡓࠋࣉࣟࢺࣥࣂࢵࢡࣛ࢖ࢺ࠿ࡽ཯ᖹ⾜☢ሙࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜┦஫స⏝ࠊࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡿ☢ሙᵓ㐀ࡢኚ໬ࢆィ ࡋࠊ⮬Ⓨගィ ࠿ࡽᐦᗘศᕸࡢኚ
໬ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢺ࣒ࢯࣥᩓ஘ィ ࠿ࡽࠊࣜࢥࢿࢡ
ࢩࣙࣥ㡿ᇦ࿘㎶ࡢຍ⇕࣭ຍ㏿ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࣜࢥࢿࢡ
ࢩࣙࣥ㡿ᇦ࡟ບ㉳ࡉࢀࡿࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ㟁ὶᙉᗘࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ☢ሙ࡟ᆶ┤࡞࢞࢖ࢻ☢ሙࢆ༳ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ㟁ὶࡸ☢ሙኚ໬᳨ドࡢࡓࡵࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ
☢ሙࡢᵓ㐀ኚ໬࡜ྠ᫬࡟ࠊࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢ
ኚ໬࠿ࡽࣂࣝࢡࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢຍ⇕࡜ຍ㏿ࢆ┤᥋᳨ฟࡋࡓ౛ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢඛ⾜◊✲࡛ࡶ౛ࡀ࡞ࡃࠊᮏᐇ
㦂ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆヲ⣽࡟᳨ドࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰࡟㥑ືࡉࢀࡿ☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢ࢚
ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ኚ᥮㐣⛬ࡸࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ⋡࡞࡝ࠊヲ⣽
࡞᳨ドࡀྍ⬟࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

⃭ග࣮ࣞࢨ࣮

(c)

(d)

(e)

(a) ᖹᯈ2ᯛ࡟⃭ග࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㸰ࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ㞟ගࡋࠊ࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢆ
⏕ᡂࡍࡿࠋ(b)t=12 ns࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣉࣛࢬ࣐⮬Ⓨගィ ⤖ᯝࠋࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ㛫࡟ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ⾪✺ࡀほ ࡉࢀࡿࠋࣉࣟࢺࣥࣂࢵࢡࣛ࢖ࢺィ (t=3ns)࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ(c)㸰ḟඖ࡜(d)1ḟඖࡢᙉᗘศᕸࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡇࡢᙉᗘศᕸࢆゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
⮬ᕫ⏕ᡂ☢ሙࡀ୰㛫㠃࡛཯ᖹ⾜☢ሙࢆᙧᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿ( e) ࠋ

-13-

Experimental Study of Shock Reformation using a High Power Laser
S. Matsukiyo1, T. Morita1, S. Isayama1, M. Iwamoto1, T. Takezaki2, Y. Kuramitsu3, R. Yamazaki4, S. J. Tanaka4, K.
Tomita5, T. Sano6, T. Nagano1, S. Furukawa1, H. Luo1, S. Matsuo1, T. Kojima1, M. Edamoto1, T. Oguchi2, T. Minami3, K.
Sakai3, T. Hihara3, T. Nishimoto3, A. Iwasaki3, K. Himeno3, T. Tomoya3, K. Sugiyama4, K. Aihara4, Y. Sato4, S. Egashira6,
M. Ohta6, Y. Nakagawa6, H. Ishihara6, O. Kuramoto6, Y. Matsumoto6, N. Ozaki3, Y. Sakawa6
1) Kyushu University, Japan, 2) University of Toyama, Japan, 3) Osaka University, 4) Aoyama Gakuin University,5) Hokkaido University, 6) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, JapanSUMMARY

The self-reformation of a collisionless shock is believed
to be responsible for an energy dissipation including
wave generation as well as particle acceleration at acollisionless shock. A high power laser experiment was
conducted to empirically demonstrate the shockreformation. An ambient magnetic field is necessary to
be applied in wide region of space to magnetize thesurrounding gas plasma in which a forward and areverse magnetized shock pair is created through thelaser-target-gas interactions. The maximum ambient
magnetic field of 4-5.4T was successfully applied byusing a Helmholtz coil (FIG.A and FIG.B). The
physical parameters of the created shock were measured
by streaked self-emission optical pyrometer (SOP:
FIG.C), self-emission gated optical image intensifier,Thomson scattering measurement, and B-dot coil.

A

C

B

FIG. A) The holder of magnetic coil and a number of lightpaths. B) Photo of the magnetic coil system after electric
insulating treatment. C) Measured self-emission intensity
obtained from the SOP measurement.
-14-߶෾մ೵XતεϡχΤήϧϓΡ๑Ν༽͏ͪ‫ࣕک‬৖ͶΓΖֆ໚ླྀର෈҈ఈ੓͹ཊ੏ড়݇͹ࣰ‫ݩ‬ద‫ৄݗ‬ࠦ໼ ޻޹ɾִ ॼԤɾ ङ ฯ‫܇‬ɾনඎ Ҳٍɾብଞ ਇॻɾಲ ۛ‫ݬ‬ɾԨ ӏഀɾ౽Ԯ ৽ղ୉ࡗ୉ָϪʖδʖՌָ‫ ॶڂݜ‬Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University
SUMMARYຌ‫ڂݜ‬͹໪దͺɾཀྵ࿨ʀ਼஍εϝϣϪʖεϥϱͲࣖ͠Ηͱ͏Ζֆ໚෈҈ఈ੓͹֐෨ࣕ৖ͶΓΖཊ੏͹ড়݇Νࣰ‫ݩ‬దͶ‫ͤৄݗ‬Ζ͞ͳͲ͍Ζɿ
֐෨͖Δࣕ৖ΝһՅͪ͢য়ସͲɾഀௗ100m͹ਜ਼‫ݯ‬ഀ‫ܙ‬য়͹৛ཛྷΝฤ໚Ͷࠃһͪ͢ϕϧηορέ
νʖΰρφͶܻޭXIIߺϪʖδʖΝলࣻ͢ɾֆ໚෈
҈ఈ੓Νਫ਼ͣͦͪ͠ɽࣕ৖͹൅ਫ਼ͶͺΫϡϏεν
ʖʀα΢ϩνʖΰρφΝ༽͏ͪɿϕϧθϜΝଈ໚
͖ΔXતͲώρέϧ΢φͤΖ͞ͳͲɾϪʖδʖল
͖ࣻΔ5 ns‫ޛ‬ΉͲ͹৛ཛྷ‫ܙ‬য়Ν؏଎ͪ͢ɿXત͹൅ਫ਼ͶͺɾܻޭXIIߺϪʖδʖ຤ͺLFEXϪʖδʖΝ༽͏ɾ߶‫ؔۯ‬෾մ೵Ͳࡳ଀ͤΖ͹ͶɾҒ૮‫ܗ‬ϓϪϋϩμʖϱϕϪʖφ(FPZP) Ν࢘༽ͪ͢ɿ
࣎ؔ͗‫ܨ‬գͤΖͶॊͮͱɼ৛ཛྷ͹৾෱͗୉͚͘
͵Εɼ‫ࣕ;ٶ‬৖͹༙ໃͶΓΖ৛ཛྷ‫ܙ‬য়͹รԿΝଌ
͓Ζ͞ͳͶ੔ޯͪ͢ɿ

static#442553n#44257s

5ns#44253+#4181

w/o B-filed

120m
2ns #44262

w/ B-filed#44259#44256+#4183

100mਦ ܻޭXIIߺϪʖδʖ‫;ٶ‬LFEXϪʖδʖͲ൅ਫ਼ͦͪ͠
XતΝώρέϧ΢φͳ͢ͱ༽͏ɾҒ૮‫ܗ‬ϓϪϋϩμʖϱϕϪʖφͲ݃଀ͪ͢ɾ0 ns, 2nsɼ3nsɼ5ns‫ޛ‬͹৛ཛྷ‫ܙ‬য়ɿ
-15-

            
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

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4.0 ps
 
t = 2.5
ps
t = 4.0 ps

4.0 ps$100
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x(m)

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-16

Full Particle Simulation for Gekko XII Collisionless Shock Experiment
S. Matsukiyo1, Y. Sakawa2
1) Kyushu University, Japan, 2) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, JapanSUMMARY
With the Gekko XII experiment on magnetized
collisionless shock in mind, a one-dimensional PIC(particle-in-cell) code was developed. The interaction
between an ambient magnetized gas plasma and a laser
ablated target plasma was simulated. In a homogeneousgas plasma magnetized with 6T ambient magnetic fielda target plasma having a finite bulk velocity is injected
for a finite time duration corresponding to 1.3ns whichis the temporal width of the main laser pulse. A spatiotemporal evolution of electron density is shown in theleft panel of FIG.1. The initial target position is at X=0.
The target plasma gyrates back and propagate in theregion of X<0 after t~25ns. After t~20ns, a shock isformed in the gas plasma and propagates toward
positive X direction. The overshoot is recognized as ared peak which shows the signature of the selfreformation. This is also confirmed from the left panels
which are the snap shots of the electron density profile
taken at every 8ns after t=20ns. These features are
expected to be observed by the Gekko XII experiment.

FIG.1 Left) Spatio-temporal variation of electron density.
Right) Snap shots of the electron density profile taken at every
8ns after t=20ns.
-17-

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P07<4=N½](-&pM d·c&U
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-18-

ㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᐇ㦂࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢ◊✲⏣୰࿘ኴ1, ᒣᓮ஢1,2, ⶶ‶ᗣᾈ3, ⚟⏣♸ோ4, ᆏ࿴ὒ୍21) 㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊, 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ,3) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉, 4) 㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARYᮏ◊✲ࡣࠕㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ ,&6 ࠖ࡜࠸࠺࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࣭ࣉࣛࢬ࣐㠀⥺ᙧ┦஫స⏝ࡢ◊✲࡛࠶ࡿࠋ,&6ࡢ⌮ㄽⓗ◊✲࡜ࡑࢀࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᐇ㦂࡛ࡢᐇドࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋྑᅗࡀ⌮ㄽⓗ࡟ண᝿ࡋࡓ,&6ࡢᩓ஘ග
ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘ-.$5(13࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂⏦ㄳࡀ᥇ᢥࡉࢀࠊᖺ᭶࡟ึࡵ࡚ࡢ
,&6ᐇ㦂ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒ୰ࡔࡀࠊ⌧≧ྑᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡟᫂☜࡞ධᑕࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢ㉥᪉೫⛣ࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࠋ,&6ࡣ㏆ᖺ)DVW 5DGLR %XUVW )5% ࡜࠸࠺ኳయ⌧㇟࡛ὀ┠ࡉࢀࡿᮍゎ᫂ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊ)5%ࡢ㉳※ࡢゎ᫂ࡸ)5%ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᏱᐂㄽࡢⓎᒎ࡬ࡢᐤ୚ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ

FIG. 㯮Ⅼ⥺ࡀධᑕගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ࡛ࣝࠊ࢞࢘ࢫศᕸࢆ௬ᐃ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡣ㟁☢Ἴࢆ㉥᪉೫⛣ࡉࡏࡿ㐣⛬࡛࠶ࡾࠊᩓ஘య࡜࡞ࡿ㟁Ꮚᐦᗘࡢ኱ᑠ࡛㉥ࡸ㟷ࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡟ኚ໬ࡍࡿࠋ≉ᚩⓗ࡞⥺≧ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆணゝࠋ-19-

ᵝࠎ࡞≧ែࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰ࢆఏᦙࡍࡿ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᐇ㦂 ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢ◊✲኱ᖹ㇏1㸪K. F. F. Law 1, ᆏ࿴ὒ୍21) ᮾி኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᏱᐂࡢኳయ⌧㇟࡟కࡗ࡚ࠊ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼࡣࡋࡤ
ࡋࡤᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋ㖟Ἑෆࡢ࢞ࢫࡣ㒊ศ㟁㞳≧ែ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㟁Ⲵࡀ୰ᛶࡢỈ⣲ཎᏊࡀ࢞ࢫࡢ⣙༙ศࢆ༨ࡵࡿࠋࡑࡢᵝ࡞㒊ศ㟁㞳ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰ࢆఏᦙࡍࡿ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼࡢᐇ㦂ࡸ┤᥋ほ ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟࡞࠸ࠋ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ㒊ศ㟁㞳ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰ࡢ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼ࡛⏕ࡌࡿ≀⌮⌧㇟ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿ࠿㆟ㄽࡋࡓࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡣࠊࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻࢩ࣑ࣗ
࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ⤖ᯝࢆࡳ࡚ࠊఱࢆほ ࡋࡓࡼ࠸࠿㆟ㄽࡋࡓࠋୗὶ࠿ࡽୖὶ࡬ྥ࠿࠺Ỉ⣲ཎᏊࡢ㔞ࢆぢ✚ࡶࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡑࡢỈ⣲ཎᏊࡀ㟁㞳ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⏕ࡌࡿୖὶࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐ຍ㏿ࢆほ ࡍࡿ࡜Ⰻ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀ
ࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࢺ࣒ࢯࣥᩓ஘ィ ࡛ࡑࢀࡀᐇ⌧ྍ⬟࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ
FIG. ⾪ᧁἼ㏿ᗘ1000km/s, Alfven࣐ࢵࣁᩘ30, 㟁㞳ᗘ0.5ࡢ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼࡢࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ⤖ᯝ.
㝧Ꮚ࡜Ỉ⣲ཎᏊࡢୗὶ㟼Ṇ⣔ࡢ఩┦✵㛫ᅗ. x > 58000
c/Zpp ࡀ⾪ᧁἼୖὶ㡿ᇦ . Y. Ohira, ApJ, 817, 137, (2016)-20-㠀ᖹ⾮ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㝧Ꮚຍ㏿⚟⏣♸ோ1㸪ᆏ࿴ὒ୍2
1) QST㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY

NH/Ncrt = 4.0 ps

Two shock fronts

NC/Ncr-.$5(1࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿࠊ&+ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ↓⾪✺㟼㟁⾪ᧁἼ࡟ࡼࡿ⢏Ꮚຍ㏿࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࣉࣟ
ࢺࣥ࡟ຍ࠼࡚Ⅳ⣲࢖࢜ࣥ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ‽༢Ⰽࡢ࢖࢜
ࣥຍ㏿ࡀ㉳ࡇࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࣉࣟࢺ
ࣥ࡜Ⅳ⣲࢖࢜ࣥ࡜࡛᰾Ꮚ࠶ࡓࡾࡢ᭱኱࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮
࡟ᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣࠊูࠎࡢ⾪ᧁἼ࡟
ࡼࡗ࡚ຍ㏿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋ 3,&ࢥ࣮ࢻ࡟ࡼࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡣࠊูࠎࡢ⾪ᧁἼ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࣉࣟࢺࣥ࡜Ⅳ⣲࢖࢜ࣥ࡜ࡀຍ㏿ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆᨭᣢࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࠊࡘࡢ␗࡞ࡿ⾪ᧁἼ࡟ࡼࡿࠊ␗࡞ࡿ
✀㢮ࡢ࢖࢜ࣥࡢຍ㏿࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟࡞
ࡃࠊᮏ◊✲ᡂᯝࡣࠊ↓⾪✺㟼㟁⾪ᧁἼ࡟ࡼࡿ⢏Ꮚ
ຍ㏿࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞▱ぢࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ
࡜ᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

5

X (m)
FIG. PICࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢ⤖ᯝࠋࣉࢺࣟࣥ࡜Ⅳ⣲࢖࢜ࣥ࡜࡛ࡑࢀࡒࢀ␗࡞ࡿ⾪ᧁἼࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡀࠊ
ࣉࢺࣟࣥ࡜Ⅳ⣲࢖࢜ࣥࢆຍ㏿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿
࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
-21-







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

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

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rNF\MN2]c30^iF\A@a0
KMEGMG}EG1OEGE|EG*/ /nGlpX


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

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



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

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

       


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



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



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   

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

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

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

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

HIewqwY`gW  EC*/
/H   %)!%+/Z~H  s
8kv HgW&("'{R.JREP=9mDSR7U fy_z>t  d 5  ? * / /  h  H     LC%)!%+/Z~H   _zv
 
,QBujvo     (/'/<T )-,'#$[    4oRP   fy6f  %)!
%+/Z~:&("'b{;V
x

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                                     EC*/ /H   LC%)!%+/Z~H   _z  ,QBuj
vo  (/'/<T  )-,'#$[  -22Study of turbulent wakefield acceleration in laboratory astrophysics by 2D particle-in-cell simulations
Yao-Li Liu1, Shogo Isayama2, Minami Takumi3, Sakai Kentaro3, Han-Wei Chen1, Shih-Hung Chen1,
Alessio Morace3, Yasuhiro Kuramitsu3
1) National Central University, Taiwan, 2) Kyushu University, Japan, 3) Osaka University, JapanSUMMARY

Recently, wakefield acceleration has been
considered as a candidate to address theaccelerating mechanism of cosmic rays, whererelativistic
particles
arenonthermally
accelerated with the wakefield induced byintense light waves in the extreme astrophysicalconditions. We employed 2D particle-in-cellsimulations to investigate the turbulent
wakefield generated by an intense laser based on
the parameters of LFEX laser facility. We foundthat the laser is modulated to the filaments dueto the near-critical density plasma resulting inthe similar filament distributions of bothelectron and ion. Moreover, the filament
distributions give the similar nonthermal
distributions for both electron and ion even if thelaser is relativistic to an electron but nonrelativistic to a proton.
.

FIG. (a) The laser field; (b) the turbulent wakefield; (c) the
electron density; (d) the ion density.

-23-ࢼࣀከ⤖ᬗࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻ13'ࡢࣘࢦࢽ࢜ᙎᛶ㝈⏺

ᐃᑿᓮ඾㞞1,2㸪∦᱒೺Ⓩ1,2㸪ᱵ⏣ᝆᖹ1,2,3㸪ධ⯞ᚭ⏨4㸪ୖᮧఙᶞ1㸪ᐑすᏹే5㸪బ㔝Ꮥዲ2㸪㛵᰿฼Ᏺ1,6㸪ඤ⋢஢♸1,21) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸪3) ᒸᒣ኱Ꮫᝨᫍ≀㉁◊✲ᡤ㸪4) ឡ፾኱Ꮫᆅ⌫῝㒊ࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢡࢫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ 㸪5) ⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸪6) HPSTARୖᾏSUMMARYࢼࣀከ⤖ᬗᑠࡉ࡞⤖ᬗࢆ㝽㛫࡞ࡃワࡵ㎸ࢇࡔከ⤖ᬗᮦᩱࡣࠊ
ྠࡌࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ༢⤖ᬗᮦᩱࡼࡾࡶᙉࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊᩘࢼࣀ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ
ᚤ⤖ᬗࢆ↝⤖ࡉࡏࡓࠊ͆ࢼࣀከ⤖ᬗ͇≧ែࡢࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻ㸦13'㸧࡟㉸㧗ᅽຊࢆຍ࠼ࠊࡑࡢᙉᗘࢆㄪ
࡭ࡓࠋ⃭ග;,,ྕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡾᆅ⌫୰ᚰᅽຊࡢ
ಸࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ୓ẼᅽࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࠊኚᙧࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ
ᵝᏊࢆほᐹࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ13'ࡀ㏻ᖖࡢ༢⤖ᬗࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻ࡟ẚ࡭ಸ௨ୖࡶ㧗࠸ᙉᗘࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ㄪ࡭ࡽࢀ
࡚ࡁࡓᮦᩱࡢ୰࡛᭱㧗ࡢᙉᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ
ࡓࠋ

༢⤖ᬗ



య✚ FPJࢼࣀከ⤖ᬗ㸸
య✚ኚ໬ࡀᑠࡉ࠸





༢⤖ᬗ㸸
య✚ኚ໬ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸







ᅽຊ





୓Ẽᅽ

FIG. ࢼࣀከ⤖ᬗ࡜༢⤖ᬗࡢ㐪࠸㸦ୖ㸧࡜ࠊᐇ㦂࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓࢼࣀከ⤖ᬗࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻࡢᅽຊ-య✚ࡢ㛵ಀ㸦ୗ㸧ࠋࢼࣀከ⤖ᬗࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻࡣ༢⤖ᬗࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻ࡟ẚ࡭ኚᙧࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
-24-

Exploring the shock phase transition pathway of quartz-coesite-stishovite using GEKKO XII system
Wenge Yang1㸪Toshimori Sekine1,2㸪Norimasa Ozaki2,㸪Tsubasa Tobase1㸪Ho Kwang Mao1㸪Kento Katagiri2㸪
Bihan Wang1㸪Chuanlong Lin1
1) HPSTAR㸪2) Osaka University

(B)
VISAR

400

CoesiteAlThis work
Luo et al.

Qz

300
200
20

100

10
0

0
-100

Pressure, P (GPa)

Podurets et al.

Shock velocity (km/s)

SiO2 is one of most abundant minerals in the deep
mantle of Earth and thus understanding its behavior
under gigapascal pressures are important. Due to the
diffusion speed and limited compression duration, so far
no one has realized the phase transition quartz-coesite
in SiO2 by shock compression although both static
compression and thermodynamics shows the transition
sequence quartz-coesite-stishovite. In the FY 2020
campaign, we performed a series of shock-compression
experiments on coesite to measure its Hugoniot atpressures from 150 GPa to 1,000 GPa, and found thatthe coesite should melt under shock at around 180 GPa.
In the next experiments, we would like to introduce ourheating stage to preheat the coesite sample, which
would lead coesite to exhibit a different transition
pathway to Stishovite and liquid.

(A)

Space (ȝm)

SUMMARY

-200
-300

Qz

-400
-2

0

2

4

6

Time (ns)810Density, ȡ (g/cm3)

FIG. (A) Typical VISAR image recording shock wave
velocity of Coesite. (B) The Hugoniot relationship of coesite
at pressures up to 1,000 GPa obtained in this work.
-25-

Extension of Hugoniot measurements for single crystals of synthetic denser polymorphs of Mg2SiO4
T. Okuchi1, Y. Umeda2, N. Ozaki3,4, N. Purevjav5, T. Sano3, T. Sekine6, R. Kodama3,41) Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka, Japan,2) Institute for Planetary Materials, Okayama University, Misasa, Tottori, Japan, 3) Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan,
4) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan, 5) University of Bayreuth, Germany,6) Center for High Pressure Science &Technology Advanced Research, China

SUMMARY
Dense Hydrous Magnesium Silicate Phase E (DHMS:
Mg6Si3H12O18) and antigorite (Mg6Si4H8O18) wereshock-compressed using GEKKO-XII laser system forobtaining their equation-of-state datasets (principal
Hugoniot; Fig. 1). For the former species synthesized athigh pressure and temperature conditions, two shots
were conducted in a preliminary manner to optimize therelated technical parameters such as crystal synthesis
procedures and measurement conditions. On the other
hand, for the latter species prepared from naturalmineral samples, we successfully acquired the Hugoniot
datasets at 300 to 1000 GPa pressure range, which ismuch higher than those obtained before. Thus thepressure scaling up to 1000 GPa has been achieved (Fig.
2). Furthermore, it has been suggested that there is a
rapid density change at 150 to 440 GPa pressure range.
In the future, we will conduct more experiments underfinely controlled laser conditions to acquire the
Hugoniot datasets in the pressure region where the rapid
density change of antigorite was observed.

Fig. 1

CH 30 ȝmAblatorAntigorite 50 or 100 ȝm

VISAR
SOP
㻹 㼓 㻢 㻿㼕㻠 㻻 㻝 㻜 㻔㻻㻴 㻕 㻤 㻞 㻣 㻣 㻚㻜 㻢䜰䞁 䝏䝂 䝷 䜲 䝖 䠄 ி㒔ᗓᐑὠᕷ⏘䠅ᐦᗘ 㻞 㻚㻢 㻞 ✵㝽䛺䛧ᒅᢡ⋡ 㻝 㻚㻡 㻡 㼪 㻝 㻚㻡 㻢㼁 㼑㼔 㼍 㼞㼍 㻌㼍 㼚 㼐 㻌㻿㼔 㼕㼞㼛 㼦㼡 㻔㻝 㻥 㻤 㻡 㻕

Al 40 ȝmPusherQuartz 50 ȝm
Reference material

Fig. 1 The antigorite sample and the experimental setup
Fig. 2 The relation between particle velocity and shock velocity of antigorite
Fig. 3 The relation between density and pressure of antigorite-26-ᴟ㉸㧗㏿⾪✺ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡿᅛయᚤ⢏Ꮚᤕ㞟ᶵᵓࡢᇶ♏㛤Ⓨ▮㔝๰1㸪㛗཭ⱥኵ2 㸪ᘯ୰㝧୍㑻2 㸪బ㔝Ꮥዲ2 㸪⏣➃ㄔ3 㸪ᖹ஭㝯அ41) Ᏹᐂ⯟✵◊✲㛤ⓎᶵᵓᏱᐂ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ, 3) ༓ⴥ኱Ꮫ, 4) ༓ⴥᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ
SUMMARYᆅ⌫እ⏕࿨ࡢ᥈⣴࡟┤⤖ࡍࡿᾏὒኳయࣉ࣮ࣜࣗ
࣒ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝࣜࢱ࣮ࣥࡢᐇ⌧ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊ (1) 10࣑
ࢡ࣮ࣟࣥ࢜ࢲ࣮┤ᚄࡢᚤ⢏Ꮚࢆ10km/s௨ୖࡢ㏿ᗘ࡛ᶆⓗ࡬༢Ⓨ࡛⾪✺ࡉࡏࡿᐇ㦂タഛࡢᵓ⠏࡜ࠊ(2)⾪✺ᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢኚᡂࠊ◚ቯࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈࡟ᢚ࠼ࡘࡘࠊᅇ
཰ᚋ࡟≀㉁᝟ሗࢆᚓࡽࢀࡿヨᩱ᥇ྲྀᶵᵓࡢᇶ♏㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜࠺ࠋึᖺᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ௒ᮇࡣࠊࡲࡎ஧ḟඖ㍽ᑕὶయࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕຍ㏿࡟ࡼࡿᅛయᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢ≀⌮⣲㐣⛬࡜ᐃᛶⓗ࡞ຍ㏿࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ࢞ࣛࢫ࡟㔠⵨╔ࡋࡓᚤ⢏Ꮚᑕฟ㒊ࢆヨసࡋࠊ┿✵ᑠᆺ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ
┤ᚄ⣙70࣑ࢡࣟࣥࡢ⌫ᙧ᭷ᶵ≀㣕⩧యࡢணഛᑕฟ
ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᶆⓗ࡟ࡣୡ⏺᭱పᐦᗘ(0.005g/cc)ࡢ࢚࢔ࣟࢤࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟⾪✺㟁㞳≀㉁ࡢ≀⌮྾╔࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ᪂ࡓ࡞ヨᩱ᥇ྲྀ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶࠊ≉チ⏦ㄳࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋ

FIG. ʤ৏ʥླྀରεϝϣϪʖεϥϱͶΓΖϪʖδʖՅଐ஦͹ుࢢԻౕ෾ාʤࠪʥͳືౕ෾ාʤӊʥ͹‫ݗ‬౾ྭɽ㸦ୗ㸧ඏཽࢢϪʖδʖՅଐুಧࣰ‫ߑؽݩ‬͹֕೨ਦͳඏཽ
ࢢࣻड़෨͹੣ࡠɽ
-27-

࢟ࣟࢸࢫࣛ⣭᢬ᢠᛶ獳猡獔ᡂ☢ሙ࡟ࡼࡿ㟁猖ࣅ࣮࣒ไᚚἲࡢ☜琙ᇛᓮ▱⮳ᕌᮧ┿⥴᳃⏣኱ᶞྜྷṊె⳯Ᏻ㒊ຬ㍤℧⃝㱟அ௓6KXZDQJ *XR-LQ\XDQ'XQ%DRMXQ=KX&KDQJ/LX ༓ᚨ㟹ᙪ⸨ᒸៅ௓
1) ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ඛ㐍⌮ᕤ⣔⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉  2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY┠ⓗ㸸㧗Ⓨᩓゅࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ຍ㏿㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡฼⏝ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ≀㉁㛫࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ᢬ᢠᛶ⮬ᕫ⏕ᡂ☢ሙࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚㧗㏿㟁Ꮚࢆ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵཬࡧ㞟᮰ࡉࡏࡿ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ไᚚἲࡢ☜❧ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡢ⤖ᯝ㸸LFEX 1ࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᪤ ◊✲[1]࡛ࡣࠊᖖ ࡛᢬ᢠ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸CHࢆ࢞࢖ࢻᮦ࡜ࡋࠊᑟ㟁య࡛࠶ࡿAlෆ࡟ᇙࡵ㎸ࢇࡔሙྜ࡟㧗㏿㟁Ꮚ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵຠᯝࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊLFEX 㸲ࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ᙉᗘ࣭㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢩࣙࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢሙྜࠊ≀㉁ຍ
⇕ࡀ㐍ࡳࠊ㧗 ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡛ࡢ᢬ᢠ⋡ࡀ⌧㇟ࢆᨭ㓄ࡋࠊ㧗ZࡢAlࢆ࢞࢖ࢻᮦࠊపZࡢCHࢆ࿘㎶ᮦ࡜ࡋࡓሙྜ࡟㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵຠᯝࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡓࠋࡋ࠿
ࡋࠊ4ࣅ࣮࣒㔜␚ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿ㧗Ⓨᩓゅ໬࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ᡂ☢ሙࡀᙅࡃࠊࡲࡓ⏕ᡂ㟁Ꮚࡢ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮໬࡟ࡼࡾ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵຠᯝࡀぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
௒ᚋࡢ᪉㔪㸸ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣑࣮ࣛࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺ໬ࡸࣃࣝࢫ㛗ఙ㛗ࠊ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵ☢ሙ⏕ᡂ࡟㐺ࡋࡓ࢞࢖ࢻᮦᙧ≧タィࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㧗ᙉᗘ࣐ࣝࢳࣅ࣮࣒ࢩࣙࢵࢺ࡛ࡢ࢞࢖ࢹ࢕ࣥࢢຠᯝᐇドࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋ
[1] H. Li et al., High Energy Density Phys. 36, 100773 (2020).

᢬ᢠᛶ☢ሙ࡟ࡼࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ຍ㏿㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ไᚚἲᐇドᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ㸬2018ᖺ[1]୪ࡧ
࡟ᮏᖺᗘࡢLFEX㸯ࣅ࣮࣒ࢩࣙࢵࢺ࡛ࡣᖖ ࡛㧗᢬ᢠ⋡ࡢCHࢆ࢞࢖ࢻᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ᖖ ࡛ప᢬ᢠ⋡ࡢAl࡟ᤄධࡋࡓࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡟࠾࠸࡚࢞࢖ࢻຠᯝ㸦ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ⿬
㠃࡟ᤄධࡋࡓCu࠿ࡽࡢKĮගࡢⓎගศᕸ࡟ࡼࡾ ᐃ㸧ࡀᐇドࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊ
LFEX4ࣅ࣮࣒ࢩࣙࢵࢺ࡛ࡣࠊ㔜␚↷ᑕຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿ㧗Ⓨᩓゅ໬ࠊ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮໬
ࡢࡓࡵ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵຠᯝࡀほ ࡉࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
-28-

Laser-driven three-dimensional magnetic reconnection by converging magnetized plasma
K.F.F. Law1, J. Dun2, Y.Abe2, A. Morace2, Y. Arikawa2, M. Takemura2, S. Guo2, T. Ozaki3, B. Zhu2, Ph. Korneev4, J.J.
Santos5, S. Fujioka2, Y. Ohira1, and M. Hoshino1
1) University of Tokyo, Japan, 2) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan, 3) National Institute for Fusion
Science, Japan, 4) National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Russia, 5) CELIA, France
SUMMARY

Magnetic reconnection, the process of magnetic field
geometry rearrangement that result in energy
conversion to ions and electrons in plasma, was studied
by LFEX laser. A pair of magnetized plasma areproduced by inner-surface irradiation of LFEX laser ona micro-coil target, providing the magnetic reconnection
geometry.
In this experiment, the reconnection magnetic field ismeasured as 3 kT (preliminary value), by probing
proton beam generated by one of the LFEX beam. Also,
the magnetic reconnection case and magnetic field
generation without reconnection case are compareddirectly. Electron spectra along the magnetic
reconnection outflow direction were measured, while asignificant energization was observed, as shown in the
figure.
The observation of particle energization by magnetic
reconnection in laboratory provide

FIG. The plot of electron energy spectra in magnetic
reconnection case and control case without magnetic
reconnection, at direction of expected magnetic reconnection
flow. A significant energization is observed.
-29-㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜࣐࢖ࢡࣟࢥ࢖ࣝ࡟ࡼࡿ࢟ࣟࢸࢫࣛ☢ሙࡢ⏕ᡂ࡜ไᚚᏳ㒊 ຬ㍤1, K.F.F. Law 2, Ph. Korneev 3, J. J. Santos 4, M. Ehret 4,
I. Kochetkov 3, N. Bukharskiy 3,⸨ᒸ ៅ௓11) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸪2) ᮾி኱Ꮫࠊ3) NRNU MEPhI, Russian Federation, 4) CELIA, France
SUMMARY࢟ࣟࢸࢫࣛ☢ሙࡀ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉࣛࢬ࣐⛉Ꮫࡢ᪂ࡓ࡞
ᐇ㦂㐨ල࡜࡞ࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢᙉᗘࡸ㓄ྥࡢไᚚᢏ⾡ࡢᵓ⠏ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࢳ࣮࣒ࡣࡇ
ࢀࡲ࡛࡟㸪㧗ฟຊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜࣑ࢡࣟࣥࢧ࢖ࢬࡢࢥ
࢖ࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚๓ேᮍ฿ࡢ10 kTࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ☢ሙ⏕ᡂἲࢆ⪃᱌ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢཎ⌮ᐇドࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ[1-3]㸬ග㥑ື☢ሙࡢไᚚ࡟࠾࠸࡚᭱ࡶ㔜せ࡞ᢏ⾡ࡣᚤᑠࢥ࢖
ࣝࡢ〇㐀ᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⢭ᐦ3Dࣉࣜ
ࣥࢺࡸ⼺᪕ᙧ≧ࡢࣂࢡࢸࣜ࢔ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࢥ࢖ࣝࡢ
〇㐀ἲࡀ☜❧ࡉࢀ㸪┤ᚄᩘ༑㹼ᩘⓒ࣑ࢡࣟࣥࡢࢯ
ࣞࣀ࢖ࢻࢆྵࡴᵝࠎ࡞ᚤ⣽ᵓ㐀ࡢ㐀ᙧࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡗࡓ㸬LFEXࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪ග㥑ືᚤᑠࢯࣞ
ࣀ࢖ࢻ࡟ࡼࡿ☢ሙࡢᙉᗘศᕸࡀึࡵ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓ࡯
࠿㸪⌫Ẇෆ㠃࡬ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢺࣟ࢖ࢲ
ࣝ≧ࡢᙉ☢ሙࢆ⏕ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀぢฟࡉࢀࡓ㸬ࢺࣟ࢖ࢲࣝ☢ሙࡢ⏕ᡂࡣග㥑ື☢ሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞
FIG. ⌫Ẇࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢺࣟ࢖ࢲࣝ☢ሙࡢ⏕ᡂ㸬࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷Ⓨぢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᰾⼥ྜࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢࠕࢺ࣐࢝
ࢡᵝ☢Ẽ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ᪂ᒎ㛤ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬 ᑕ࡟క࠺」㞧࡞㟁Ꮚὶࡢ⏕ᡂ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᙉຊ࡞ࢺࣟ࢖ࢲࣝ
☢ሙࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ㸦ᕥୗ㸧㸬ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㝧Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ࡢ೫ྥศ
[1] Y. Abe et al., JETP (2018), [2] K. Law, Y. Abe et al., PREᕸ㸦ྑୖ㸧࠿ࡽࢺࣟ࢖ࢲࣝ☢ሙࡢ⏕ᡂࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ㸬(2020), [3] M. Ehret, Y. Abe et al., submitted to PRE-30-

Collimated charged particles generation with accompanied magnetic field
B. Zhu1, Y. Abe1, Z. Zhang2, M. Takemura1, Y. Zhang2, L. Cheng2, X. Yuan3, S. Guo1, Z. Lan1, A. Morace1, A. Nakao1, R.
Takizawa1, C. Liu1, H. Morita1, A. Yogo1, Y. Arikawa1, M. Nakai1, H. Shiraga1, Y. Li2, S. Fujioka1
1) Institute of Laser Engine, Osaka University, Japan , 2) Institute of Physics, CAS, 3) MoE, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., 4)
NIFS
SUMMARY

With B field

Without B field

(a)

(b)
Divergence60

L4071-Foil w/ coil
L4073-Foil w/o coil50

Divergence (°)

We proposed a novel idea to produce a collimatedcharged particle beam with a pulsed-magnetic field
generated by relativistic picosecond lasers. Comparedwith the magnetic fields generated by nanosecond lasers
due to return current, a kilo-tesla level magnetic field isgenerated with higher energy conversion efficiency due
to hot electron flow current. The divergences of bothelectron and proton beams are suppressed by thesimultaneously-generated strong magnetic fields. The
divergence of proton beams in our experiments has
been reduced by half compared with that generated withthe conventional target normal sheath acceleration
mechanism. These results provide some newopportunities for developing laser-driven magnetic
fields and laser-driven energetic particle applications.

40
30
20
10
0

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Proton engery (MeV)

(c)

(d)

FIG. (a) The schematic of the experiments. (b) Proton patternof 4.8 MeV on RCF. (c) The 2D B field strength distribution
around the coil. 1-kT strong B field is generated with a laser
energy of 334.3 J. (d) Comparison of the proton divergencewith B field (red) and without B filed (green).
-31-

The efficient generation of relativistic electron ion by using
fundamental and second harmonics mixed LFEX beam
Y.Arikawa, K. Tsubakimoto, K. Nanjo, A. Nakao, S. Asano, A. Morace, R. Takizawa, M. Takemura, Y. Abe, H. Morita, J.
Kawanaka, S. Fujioka, M. Nakai, H. Shiraga, LFEX-group, R. Kodama, AHu Zhanggui, (ILE, Osaka, A Tianjin University ofTechnolgy, Institute of Functinal Crystals)

SUMMARY

Second harmonics of LFEX was generated for four
beams. An energy grater than 200 J of second
harmonics was generated which is the highest value in
this
laser
specification.
Four
pices
of
100mmx100mmx0.5mm uncoated LBO crystal was
installed to LFEX system as shown in FIG1, and 1
kJ/10 ps fundamental laser was injected. A highefficient frequency conversion for a ultra high intensity
laser was realized. A spatial distribution of theconversion efficiency was measured and up to 70-80%
conversion at a spatial peak value was resulted. A
numerical simulation showed a good agreement withthe experimental results.
A wave front after the LBO crystal was not optimizedin this experiment and it is needed to be improved in thenext experiment so that we will realize an very efficientelectron generation by a fundamental and second
harmonics mixed LFEX.

LBO crystals
Four of 100mmx100mmx0.5mm
Energy : 250J x 4 beam
Pulse duration :10 ps

EHDP

EHDP

EHDP

(QHUJ\PRQLWRU

EHDP

FIG1.(Top) Experimental setup. FIG2. (Left bottom) Color
image of the second harmonics beam patterns for four beams.
FIG3. (Right bottom) Spatial profile of the frequency
conversion efficiency. Beam2 was blocked by energy monitor
beam 4 was not fired in the shot.
-32-Ϫʖδʖۨಊ஦੓ࢢ‫ݱ‬ͶΓΖ߅੗಼߶Ի஦੓ࢢ෾ා͹࠸‫ݳ‬వㄒぬᩥࠊ᳃㝯ேࠊ⸛ ἑሻࠊᖹᯇ ඃ♸ ࠊ୰す 㯞၏ᏊࠊᏳ㒊ຬ㍤ࠊ᭷ᕝᏳಙࠊ⸨ᒸៅ௓ࠊ᪩ᕝᓅே*ᑠἨග⏕† ࠊ୰஭ග⏨ࠊ୕㛫ᅞ⯆኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊ*㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸦QST㸧ࠊ†᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸦JAEA㸧
SUMMARY㧗ᐦᗘࡢ୰ᛶᏊ⎔ቃࢆᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊ※ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᏱᐂ᰾᫬ィ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿඖ⣲ࢆᐇ㦂ᐊ࡛⏕ᡂࡋࠊኴ㝧⣔ᙧᡂࡢ┤๓࡟㉳ࡁࡓᏱᐂ⌧㇟ࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋ➨㸯ẁ㝵࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ศᕸࢆᗈ⠊ᅖ࡟⤯ᑐ್ィ ࡛ࡁࡿᡭἲࡢ☜❧ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊᨺᑕ໬ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋ
࡚࠸࡞࠿ࡗࡓప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㡿ᇦ㸦0.5 eV௨ୗ㸧ࡢ୰ᛶᏊィ ࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ୰ᛶᏊῶ㏿ᮦ㸦㧗ᐦᗘ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ㧗㏿୰ᛶᏊ㸦MeV㸧ࢆῶ㏿ࡋࡓᚋࠊ」ᩘ
✀ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ㸦Hf➼㸧࡟↷ᑕࡍࡿࠋ↷ᑕᚋࡢࢧࣥ
ࣉࣝ࡟⏕ᡂࡋࡓྠ఩య㔞ࢆࠊGe᳨ฟჾ࡟ࡼࡿȖ⥺ィ ࠿ࡽ⟬ฟࡋ࡚୰ᛶᏊᩘࢆỴᐃࡍࡿࠋ㸯࣌࢔ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝࡢ୍᪉ࢆప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮୰ᛶᏊ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ྾
཰᩿㠃✚ࡢ኱ࡁ࠸Cd࡛㐽ⶸࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᨺᑕ໬㔞ࡢᕪศࢆᑟฟࡋࠊప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᡂศࡢ⤯ᑐ್ࢆィࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ

FIG. 㸦ᕥ㸧ᐇ㦂ࢭࢵࢺ࢔ࢵࣉࡢᴫせࠋ㸦ྑ㸧୰ᛶᏊ↷ᑕᚋࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ィ ⤖ᯝࠋ୰ᛶᏊࢆ྾཰ࡋࡓ
ᚋࠊ㐜ࢀ࡚Ȗ⥺ࢆᨺฟࡍࡿ㐣⛬ࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ୰ᛶ
Ꮚ㔞ࢆ⟬ฟࡍࡿࠋ
-33-‫ݽ‬ରਭોമຜͶΓΖ৿‫ߑؽ‬΢ΨϱՅଐవㄒぬᩥࠊᒾᮏ᫭ྐ* ࠊ▼ᮏᓫࠊ⏣㑔኱㈗ࠊ㡋 ῧඔࠊ༓ᚨ㟹ᙪ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ*᰾⼥ྜ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ௒ᖺᗘࡣࠊLFEX↷ᑕ┿✵ᵴ୰࡟࠾࠸࡚ᅛయỈ⣲ⷧ⭷ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ
Ỉ⣲ࡢ᪼⳹㔞ࡀண᝿ࡼࡾከࡃࠊ┿✵ᗘࡢᝏ໬ࡢࡓ
ࡵ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟⮳ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ㒊௨እ࡟ᅛయỈ⣲ࡀᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵ࡟ᶞ⬡ᮦᩱࢆタ⨨ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊᅛయỈ⣲ࢭࣝᵓ㐀ࡢᨵⰋࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

㻞㻡㻜㻌㻿㼛㼘㼕㼐㻌㻴㼥㼐㼞㼛㼓㼑㼚㻔㻿㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻕㻌㻴㻝㻜㽀㼙
㻌㻴㻞㻜㽀㼙
㻌㻴㻟㻜㽀㼙
㻌㻴㻠㻜㽀㼙
㻌㻴㻡㻜㽀㼙㻝㻜㻜㻜㻜㻝㻜㻜㻜㻹㼍㼤㼕㼙㼍㼙㻌㻼㼞㼛㼠㼛㼚㻌㻱㼚㼑㼞㼓㼥㻌㻔㻹㼑㼂㻕

LFEX࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓPICࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ
࡛ࡣ200 MeV௨ୖࡢ㝧Ꮚຍ㏿ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀ
ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࢀࡤࠊ㝧Ꮚ⥺ࡀࢇ἞⒪࡟ᚲせ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢࡳ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆཎ⌮ᐇドࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡾࠊୡ⏺ึࡢᡂᯝ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ୰ᛶᏊࢆ᰾◚○㸦J-PARC➼ࡢ኱ᆺຍ㏿ჾ࡜ྠࡌ㐣⛬㸧࡛㧗ຠ⋡࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿࠋ㻝㻜㻜㻜㻜㻜

㻺㼡㼙㼎㼑㼞㻌㻔㼍㻚㼡㻚㻕

SUMMARY⌮᝿ⓗ࡞ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡛࠶ࡿ⣧⢋ᅛయỈ⣲ⷧ⭷ࢆᐇ㦂ⓗ࡟ᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ኱ᖜ࡞࢖࢜ࣥ
ຍ㏿ࡢຠ⋡໬࡜ࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸࢖࢜ࣥຍ㏿ᶵᵓࡢᐇドࢆ
┠ᣦࡍࠋ

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଩ആഐ๋ਃ

㻞㻜㻜

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㼀㼍㼞㼓㼑㼠㻌㼀㼔㼕㼏㼗㼚㼑㼟㼟㻌㻔㽀㼙㻕঱ৣฌ৿ਃଡ

ਜ਼઼৹ତ
崮嵤崾嵓

ුჍেਛ৖
(崣嵓)

FIG. 㸦ୖ㸧⭷ཌ 10Ң50 mࡢᅛయỈ⣲࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ဵࢆ↷ᑕࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟ຍ㏿ࡉࢀࡿ㝧Ꮚࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ
(ဵLFEXࣇࣝࣃ࣮࣡ࢆ᝿ᐃ)ࠋ㸦ୗ㸧ᅛయỈ⣲ⷧ⭷⏕ᡂ⿦⨨ࡢᴫせ࡜ࠊ┿✵୰࡟⏕ᡂࡋࡓỈ⣲ⷧ⭷ࠋ-34-࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉࣛࢬ࣐;⥺※㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࡢ㍽ᑕὶయࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ
ᇛᓮ▱⮳㛗཭ⱥኵ◁ཎ῟㞴Ἴៅ୍᳃ୗᓅ኱0LQVDQ &KR%\RXQJLFN&KR+\XQ.\XQJ&KXQJ
1) ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ඛ㐍⌮ᕤ⣔⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉  2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ,  &HQWHUIRU0DWHULDOV8QGHUH;WUHPH (QYLURQPHQW3XUGXH8QLYHUVLW\ ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸧'HSDUWPHQWRISK\VLFVDQGSKRWRQVFLHQFH*ZDQJMX ,QVWLWXWHRI6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\ ,QQRYDWLRQ6WUDWHJ\'LYLVLRQ1DWLRQDO)XVLRQ5HVHDUFK,QVWLWXWHSUMMARY┠ⓗ㸸2ḟඖ㍽ᑕὶయࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩ࡛࣮ࣙࣥࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂ㔠ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ᫬
㛫࣭✵㛫ศᕸࢆồࡵࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓศᕸࢆඖ࡟ヲ⣽㍽ᑕග⥺㏣㊧ィ⟬ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚Ỉࡢ❆㡿ᇦࡢ㌾X⥺ᨺฟ≉ᛶࢆホ౯ࡋࠊᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ࡢẚ㍑࡟ࡼ
ࡾጇᙜᛶホ౯࡜ㄢ㢟ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᨺฟ≉ᛶࡢゎ᫂ࠊ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
ᮏᖺᗘࡢ⤖ᯝ㸸ᗈ኱࡛⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㔠ᖹᯈ࡟ᕷ㈍ࡢࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࢺࢵࣉ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮(Ἴ㛗 1.064 Pm, ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮0.63J, ࣃࣝࢫ㛗5.6 ns, ࢫ࣏ࢵࢺᚄ 24
PmI, ࣆ࣮ࢡᙉᗘ 1.6x1013 W/cm2)ࢆᆶ┤↷ᑕࡋࡓᐇ㦂ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ2ḟඖ㍽ᑕὶయࢥ࣮ࢻSTAR2D[1]࡛ࣉࣛࢬ࣐⏕ᡂࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ
ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ᫬✵㛫ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊᮏඹྠ◊✲࡛㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ࣏ࢫࢺࣉࣟࢭࢫヲ⣽㍽ᑕග⥺㏣㊧ࢥ࣮ࢻ࡛㍽ᑕ㍺㏦ィ⟬ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᨺᑕ≉ᛶࡢ᪉ྥ౫Ꮡᛶ(ᨺᑕ✵㛫࣭᫬㛫ศᕸ࣭ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ
࣭ࣝᨺᑕ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮)ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋᨺᑕ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ධᑕ᪉ྥࡀ
᭱኱࡛ࠊࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ㠃ᖹ⾜᪉ྥ࡟཮᪉ྥ࡟㏆࡙ࡃ࡟ࡘࢀపࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ
ࡀࠊᨺฟ᪉ྥ౫Ꮡᛶࡣᑠࡉ࠸ࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡸࠊᨺᑕࡢ᫬㛫ศᕸ࣭✵㛫ศᕸ࡞࡝ࡣᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜࡯ࡰ୍⮴ࡋࡓ[2]ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࠿ࡽỈࡢ❆㡿ᇦX⥺࡬ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡣᐇ㦂(⣙0.5%)࡜ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ(⣙5%)࡛ࠊ୍᱆ࡢᕪࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
௒ᚋࡢ᪉㔪㸸ኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡢᕪࡢཎᅉࢆィ⟬࣭ᐇ㦂୧㠃࠿ࡽ᳨ドࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊヲ⣽㍽ᑕ㍺㏦ィ⟬࡟ࡣ␗࡞ࡿ㟁㞳ᗘࡢ࢖࢜ࣥࡢ࢔ࣂࣥࢲࣥࢫࠊ୪
ࡧ࡟ࡇࡇࡢ㟁㞳ᗘࡢ࢖࢜ࣥࡢᨺᑕ྾཰≉ᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓヲ⣽࢜ࣃࢩࢸ࢕
ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࡀ࠸ࡘ⏝࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㡑ᅜࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟࡚ࠊ⌧ᅾసᡂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾࠊḟᖺᗘ௨㝆ࠊ᪂つసᡂࡍࡿࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ
[1] A. Sunahara et al., Plasma Fusion Res. 3 (2008) 043.
[2] C. John et al., High Energy Density Phys. 37, 100845 (2020).

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂ㔠ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࠿ࡽࡢỈࡢ❆㡿ᇦࡢ㌾X⥺Ⓨග✵㛫ศᕸ㸦᫬㛫࣭ගᏊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮✚ศ್㸧ࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ⤖ᯝ㸦ᕥᅗ㸧࡜ᐇ㦂ほ ⤖ᯝ㸦ྑᅗ㸧
ࡢẚ㍑㸬ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ0.5 PmཌࡢTiࣇ࢕ࣝࢱ࣮ࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ
࡛ࡶTi 0.5 Pm㏱㐣ᚋࡢศᕸ࡜ࡋ࡚ホ౯ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ⓨග୰ᚰࡢࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ
⾲㠃࠿ࡽࡢ఩⨨ࠊⓎගࢧ࢖ࢬࠊᙧ≧ࡣᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ⤖ᯝ࡛ࡼࡃ෌⌧ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐≧ែࡣᐇ㦂࡜ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡼ࠸୍⮴ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
-35-

୰ᛶᏊ࡟ࡼࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᅵተỈศィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨ
ᚨᮏᐙᗣ1,2 㸪ཎ⳯᭶1㸪వㄒぬᩥ2㸪᭷ᕝᏳಙ2㸪Ᏻ㒊ຬ㍤21) బ㈡኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY୰ᛶᏊ࡟ࡼࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᅵተỈศィ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡢࡓࡵࠊ୰ᛶᏊࣂࣈ᳨ࣝฟჾ㸦BDT࠾ࡼࡧ
BDS10ࠊ100ࠊ600ࠊ1000㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᅡሙヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᅡሙヨ㦂࡛ࡣࠊᅵተỈศ㔞㸦ș㸧ࢆィ ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᅵተ᥇ྲྀ࠾ࡼࡧ㟁☢Ἴࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᅵተỈศィ ἲ㸦TDRἲ㸧ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊᏱᐂ⥺୰ᛶᏊࡀș࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿィ 㡿ᇦࢆタᐃࡋࠊ18ࣧᡤ࡟࠾࠸࡚șࢆィ ࡋࡓ
㸦FIGs. A, b) ࠋィ 㡿ᇦࡢ୰ᚰᆅ࡛୰ᛶᏊࣂࣈࣝ
᳨ฟჾ࡟ࡼࡿィ ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊșࡢᖹᆒ್
ࡀ0.19 m3 m-3࡟࠾࠸࡚(FIG. d)ࠊẚ㍑ⓗప࠸࢚ࢿࣝ
ࢠ࣮ࡢ㧗㏿୰ᛶᏊࢆ♧ࡍ᭷ព࡞࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡀᚓࡽࢀ
ࡓ(FIG. e)ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᆅ⾲㠃࡟࠾࠸࡚⇕୰ᛶᏊࡣ඲
ࡃ᳨ฟࡉࢀࡎࠊBDS1000࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝୙᳨
ฟ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣࠊ௒ᚋࡢ᳨ฟჾࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ
ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟࠾࠸࡚㔜せ࡞⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
௒ᚋࡣࠊᏱᐂ࠿ࡽ㝆ࡾὀࡄ㧗㏿୰ᛶᏊ࡟↔Ⅼࢆᙜ࡚ࡓィ ࡟ࡼࡾࠊཎ఩⨨࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୰ᛶᏊࣂࢵࢡ
ࢢࣛ࢘ࣥࢻ⿵ṇࡢ㧗⢭ᗘ໬ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ

(b)

(a)

(c)

(d)
(e)

FIG.ᅡሙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿィ : (a) ᅵተ᥇ྲྀ࠾ࡼࡧșィ ఩⨨㸪(b)ᅵተ᥇ྲྀἲ㸪㸦c㸧୰ᛶᏊࣂࣈ᳨ࣝฟჾ㸪(d) șィ ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪㸦e㸧BDS100࠾ࡼࡧBDTࡢࣂࣈ᳨ࣝฟࡢ౛
-36-
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-37-

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{W;AFLhr{$SW  -38-㉸㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ㧗㟁㞳㔜㔠ᒓࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢᙧᡂ㐣⛬ࡢゎ᫂すෆ‶⨾Ꮚ1, N. P. Dover2, ⏿ᫀ⫱3, ᮡᮏ㤾3,4, J. Koga1, ㏆⸨ᗣኴ㑻1, ᒾ⏣ኟᘺ3,5, ᴬὈ┤1, ༓ᚨ㟹ᙪ31) 㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲ᶵᵓ㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ, 2) Imperial College London, 3) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ,4) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉, 5) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ㧗➼ඹ๰◊✲㝔
SUMMARY㉸㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ㔜㔠ᒓ࡟↷ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
ᴟ㝈ⓗ࡞㧗㟁㞳࣭㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ≀ᛶࡣᮍゎ࡛᫂࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⾪✺࣭㟁㞳࣭㍽ᑕ㐣⛬ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔࣉࣛࢬ࣐⢏Ꮚࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻPICLSࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊJ-KAREN-P࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫ
ࢆ㖟ⷧ⭷࡟↷ᑕࡋࡓሙྜࡢຍ⇕࣭㟁㞳㐣⛬࠾ࡼࡧ㍽ᑕ≉ᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋᖹᆒ㟁㞳ᗘ⣙40౯ࠊ㟁Ꮚ ᗘ⣙10 keVࡲ࡛ຍ⇕ࡉࢀࡓ㖟ࣉࣛࢬ࣐(ᅗ(a))ࡣࠊࣃ
ࣝࢫ↷ᑕᚋ࡟X⥺ࢆ㍽ᑕࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࣆࢥ⛊ࡢ᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮࡛ࣝᩘ100 eV௨ୗࡲ࡛෭༷ࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ
࠿࡟࡞ࡗࡓ(ᅗ(b))ࠋ㔜㔠ᒓࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ㍽ᑕయ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓᮏᡂᯝࡣࠊ㧗㍤ᗘX⥺※ࡢ㛤Ⓨ◊✲ࡸኳᩥᏛ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝࡟ࡶ⧅ࡀࡿࠋ
ᅗ(a)ࡣ M. Nishiuchi et al., Phys. Rev. Res. 2, 033081(2020), ᅗ(b)ࡣ K. Sugimoto et al., HEDP 36 100816(2020) ࡼࡾ୍㒊ᨵኚࡋ㌿㍕ࠋ

(a)

(b)

2D PIC, 35 fs after pulse peak

1D PIC with radiation cooling,
6 ps after pulse peak
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
↷ᑕ

㍽ᑕ෭༷
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
↷ᑕ
㞟ගᚄ
1.5 Pmx [Pm]

ⷧ⭷ෆ㒊㸦ึᮇࡢⷧ⭷఩⨨㸧

FIG. 㖟ⷧ⭷ ཌࡉ (a) 0.5 Pm, (b) 3 Pm ࡟ᙉᗘ1021W/cm2ࣞ
࣋ࣝ, ࣃࣝࢫ㛗30 fsࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ↷ᑕࡋࡓPICࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ
ࢩࣙࣥࠋ(a) ࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ┤ᚋࡢᖹᆒ㟁㞳ᗘ ୖ ࡜㟁Ꮚᗘ ୗ ࠋ(b) ㍽ᑕ෭༷ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓሙྜࡢࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕᚋ6 psࡢ㟁Ꮚ ᗘTe ⥳ ࡜㟁Ꮚࡢ఩┦✵㛫 x-px ศᕸ ⣸ ࠋ-39-Fast learning by high intensity, high repetition rate laser systems
SUMMARY
Intense laser-plasma physics and in particular the field oflaser-ion acceleration, suffer from lack of consistency
and reproducibility due to the uniqueness of theexperiments, the different type of laser systems utilized
and the relative lack of data.
The goal of this work is to build a data-driven surrogate
model of laser-ion acceleration in order to create amodel actually consistent with the experimental data.
In order to do so, we performed a data intensive
experiment on Vega-3 laser at CLPU in Salamanca-Spain
where we varied the key laser parameters: pulse
duration, energy and spot size.
The data collected will be fed to a machine learning
routine to derive a consistent surrogate model of laser
ion acceleration with predictive capability.

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WKHSXOVHGXUDWLRQIURPWRIV,WDSSHDUVFOHDUWKHQRQOLQHDUGHSHQGHQFHRIWKHDFFHOHUDWHGLRQHQHUJ\WRWKHSXOVHGXUDWLRQLQGLUHFWFRQWUDVWWR
PRVWH[LVWLQJVFDOLQJODZV-40-߶ްིྮ஦੓ࢢ൅ਫ਼͹ͪΌ͹‫ݽ‬ର॑ਭોമຜਫ਼੔घ๑͹֋൅ᒾᮏ᫭ྐ ࠊవㄒぬᩥ* ࠊ▼ᮏᓫ* ࠊ⏣㑔኱㈗*ࠊ୰஭ග⏨*᰾⼥ྜ⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ*኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY㔠ᒓᮦᩱ➼ࡢ⤖ᬗゎᯒ࡟ጾຊࢆⓎ᥹ࡍࡿ෭୰ᛶ
Ꮚࢆࠊ▷᫬㛫ࣃࣝࢫ࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᴟప ᅛయ㔜Ỉ⣲ⷧ⭷⿦⨨ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
LFEX࣭GXIIྠ᫬↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡾࠊDD᰾⼥ྜ཯ᛂ࡟ࡼ
ࡾ㧗㏿୰ᛶᏊࢆⓎ⏕ࡋࠊᴟప ࡢⷧ⭷ࡢࡑࡢሙ࡛
෭୰ᛶᏊࡲ࡛෭༷ࡋ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿ⿦⨨ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡣỈ⣲ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᡂ⭷ヨ㦂ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋỈ⣲࢞ࢫࡢᑟධᅽຊ࡜᫬㛫ࢆไᚚࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿᅛయỈ⣲ࡢ⭷ཌࡀไᚚࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡋࠊ⌧᫬Ⅼ࡛ࡣཌࡉ1mm⛬ᗘࡢⷧ⭷⏕ᡂ࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ᪼⳹ࡋ
ࡓẼయỈ⣲࡟ࡼࡿ⇕ఏᑟࡀ㍽ᑕࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁࡃࠊ
ᗘୖ᪼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᅛయỈ⣲ࡢṧᏑ᫬㛫ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࡓࡵࠊᅛయỈ⣲ࡢ᪼⳹㔞ࢆపῶࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮↷ᑕ㒊௨እ࡟ᅛయỈ⣲ࡀᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵ࡟ᶞ⬡ᮦᩱࢆタ⨨ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊࢭࣝ㒊ศࡢᵓ㐀ࢆᨵⰋࡍࡿィ⏬࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

FIG.֋൅ͪ͢‫ݽ‬ରਭોമຜૹ஖ɽമຜਫ਼੔࣪ͲਭોമຜΝ੔ຜ͢ɼϪʖδʖεϥρφ࣎Ͷॄޭ఼΃Ңಊͦ͠Ζɽιϩϓγϛʖφ͹‫ݽ‬ରਭોΝਇ‫ۯ‬஦Ͷਫ਼੔Ͳ͘Ζɽ

-41-㧗ᐦᗘ⇿⦰ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᢬ᢠ⋡໙㓄࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙉ☢ሙ⏕ᡂࡢ ࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢ
⩚ཎⱥ᫂1, ኱⇃♸㍤1, ⸨ᇦ῟ᖹ1, ྜྷṊె⳯2, ᇛᓮ▱⮳2, 㛗཭ⱥኵ31) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ, 2) ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ, 3)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㏣ຍ⇕࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡿ㧗㏿㟁Ꮚࢆ᢬ᢠ⋡໙㓄࡟ࡼࡿ⮬ᕫ⏕ᡂ☢ሙ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࢞࢖ࢹ࢕ࣥࢢࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ྑࡢᅗ D ࡢࡼ࠺࡟*;,,ࣅ࣮࣒࡟ࡼࡗ
࡚ࣉࣞࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢆ⏕ᡂࡋ/)(;࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡿ㧗㏿㟁Ꮚࢆ⿬㠃&Xᒙ࡛ほ ࡍࡿᐇ㦂ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࠊ
㍽ᑕὶయࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺタィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ ྑᅗ E ࠋࡉࡽ࡟1Lࡢ྿ࡁฟࡋ ྑᅗ
F ࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ᡂࡉࢀࡿ᢬ᢠ⋡໙㓄࠿ࡽ☢ሙࡢᙉᗘࢆィ⟬ࡋ㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵຠᯝࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ*;,,ࣆ࣮ࢡ࠿ࡽQVᚋ࡟☢ሙࡢᙉᗘࡀ 7࡛᭱኱࡜࡞ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ⏕ࡌࡿ㧗㏿㟁Ꮚࡢࢆ1Lࣉࣛࢬ࣐㡿ᇦ࡟㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜
࠿ࡽ㏣ຍ⇕࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ↷ᑕࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢ࡜ࡋ࡚᥇⏝
ࡋࡓࠋ

(b)

(a)

SUMMARY

(c)
CH
-300

-200

-100
X axis [um]0100

ᅗ (a)ᐇ㦂タィᶍᘧᅗ(b)ᐇ㝿࡟〇సࡋࡓᖹᯈࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ
(c)☢ሙࡀ᭱኱࡜࡞ࡿ࡜ࡁࡢNi࢖࢜ࣥศᕸ
-42-೫ගไᚚᑐྥ↷ᑕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㟁☢ሙఏᦙ྾཰࡜ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ຍ⇕ࡢ᳨ド-ᑐྥࣅ࣮࣒࢔ࣛ࢖࣓ࣥࢺᡭἲࡢᩚഛ᳃ⰾᏕ1ࠊ໭ᕝ⡿႐1 ࠊబ㔝Ꮥዲ2 ࠊ༓ᚨ㟹ᙪ2 ࠊᒾ⏣ኟᘺ2,31)ග⏘ᴗ๰ᡂ኱, 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ, 3) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ㧗➼ඹ๰◊✲㝔
SUMMARYࣆ࣮ࢡฟຊᩘTW⣭㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ↷ᑕ㓄఩ࠊ೫ගࠊࣃࣝࢫᖜࢆไᚚࡋࠊ㠀┦ᑐㄽ࠿ࡽ┦ᑐㄽ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㟁☢Ἴࡢఏᦙ࣭྾཰ࡢ᳨ドࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ᭱⤊┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡣࠊᑐྥ↷ᑕ㓄఩࡛ࠊᑐྥࣅ࣮࣒஺ᕪࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࡀㄪᩚྍ⬟࡞↷ᑕࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᩚഛࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ኱Ẽ୰࡟㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆᑐྥ↷ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࣉࣛࢬ
࣐࣎࢖ࢻ(ࢧ࢖ࢬ:X 100 PmࠊY 300 Pm㸧ࡀᑐྥ↷ᑕ࢔ࣛ࢖࣓ࣥࢺࡢᣦᶆ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡋࡓࠋࣉ
ࣛࢬ࣐࣎࢖ࢻࡣࠊᑐྥ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀ஺ᕪࡍࡿ᮲௳࡛
ࡢࡳᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣎࢖ࢻࡢᡂ㛗㏿ᗘࡣࠊ
SHGࣉ࣮ࣟࣈィ ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊ1010 cm/sec࡜ぢ✚ࡶࡽࢀࠊග㏿ࡢ1/3⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ࣎࢖ࢻᙧᡂ㏿ᗘࡣࠊᐇ㦂ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᙉᗘ2x1017 W/cm2ࡢ࣏ࣥࢹࣛ
࣮ࣔࢸ࢕ࣈຊ࠿ࡽぢ✚ࡶࡽࢀࡿつ᱁໬㧗㏿㟁Ꮚ㏿
ᗘ ȕ=0.2(㐠ື࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ 10 keV)࡜࣮࢜ࢲ࣮ࡀ୍⮴ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣎࢖ࢻᙧᡂࡣࠊ㧗㏿㟁Ꮚࡀ㛵୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋㄪᩚ᫬㛫ᖜࡣs3.3
psࠊㄪᩚศゎ⬟ࡣ0.05 mm/167 fs࡛࠶ࡿࠋFIG. ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣎࢖ࢻࢆᣦᶆ࡜ࡋࡓᑐྥ↷ᑕ࢔ࣛ࢖࣓ࣥ
ࢺ㸸(ᕥ)ࣃࣝࢫᅽ⦰ჾཬࡧ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕᐜჾࠊ(୰ኸ)࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕࣞ࢖࢔࢘ࢺࠊ(ྑ)ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣎࢖ࢻࡢSHGࣉ
࣮ࣟࣈീ
-43-

Two-dimensional and two-directional parameter measurements with laser Thomson scattering
T. Morita1, S. Matsuo1, T. Kojima1, R. Yamazaki2, S. Matsukiyo1, N. Yamamoto1, Y. Sakawa3
Kyushu University, Japan, 2) Aoyama gakuin University, Japan, 3) Osaka University, JapanSUMMARYࡇࢀࡲ࡛⏦ㄳ⪅ࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮Ᏹᐂࣉࣛࢬ࣐◊✲ࠊᑗ᮶ࡢ኱ᆺᏱᐂ᥎㐍ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢཎ⌮ᐇド◊✲➼ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡀ᫬㛫࣭✵㛫ⓗ࡟㠀ᐃᖖ࠿ࡘᚤᑠ࡞ࡓࡵᒁᡤィ ࡀ㞴ࡋࡃࠊ⌧ᅾ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢺ࣒ࢯࣥᩓ஘ἲࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ㞟ගࡋࡓ✵㛫ࡢ୍ḟඖ୍࣭᪉ྥィ ࡟㝈ࡽࢀࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ(1)ࢩ࣮ࢺ≧࡟㞟ගࡋࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࠿ࡽ
ࡢࢺ࣒ࢯࣥᩓ஘ගࢆศගィ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛஧ḟඖ✵㛫ࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ(2)஧᪉
ྥ࠿ࡽࢺ࣒ࢯࣥᩓ஘ࢆィ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ
ࡢ᪉ྥ౫Ꮡᛶࢆ᳨ド࡛ࡁࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࢆྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡇ࡜
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡣୖグ(1)࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᳨ド࡛ࡁ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ(2)஧᪉ྥィ ࠿ࡽࣉࣛࢬ࣐㏿ᗘ࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡢィ ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋศගィ ࡢ౛ࢆᅗ࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋἼ㛗ศゎ⬟ࡀ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊ஧᪉ྥࡢ㏿ᗘࡢ⤯ᑐ್ࡣฟࡏ࡚࠸
࡞࠸ࡀࠊศගჾࢆᨵⰋࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛஧᪉ྥࡢィ ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ

(a)

(b)

(b)

(c)

(e)
(d)

(a) ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟ᑐࡋ࡚45ᗘࡢゅᗘ࡛ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ࢆධᑕࡋ(ki)ࠊ␗࡞ࡿ2᪉ྥ(ks1, ks2)࠿ࡽᩓ஘ගࢆศගィ ࡍࡿࠋⅬ(b) F, (c) G, (d) H࡛ks1᪉ྥ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓᩓ஘ගࡢἼ㛗ศᕸ࡜ࠊ(e) ࡑࢀࡽ࠿ࡽィ⟬ࡋࡓ㏿ᗘ࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡢぢ✚ࡾࢆ♧ࡍࠋἼ㛗ศゎ⬟ࡀ୙㊊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊᆶ┤᪉ྥࡣୖ㝈ࡲࡓࡣୗ㝈್ࡢࡳ♧ࡋࡓࠋ

-44-

Compressible Richtmyer-Meshkov instability in a density gradient
T. Sano1, K. Ishigure1 and F. Cobos-Campos2
1) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, 2) ETSI Industriales, Instituto deInvestigaciones Energéticas and CYTEMA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
SUMMARY
We have investigated the effects of a smoothtransition layer at the contact discontinuity on thegrowth of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) by
hydrodynamic numerical simulations, and we derived
an empirical condition for the suppression of theinstability. The transition layer has little influence on
the RMI when the thickness ‫ ܮ‬is narrower than the
wavelength of an interface modulation Ȝ. However, if
the transition layer becomes broader than Ȝ, theperturbed velocity associated with the RMI is reduced
considerably. The suppression condition is interpreted
as the cases in which the shock transit time through thetransition layer is longer than the sound crossing time of
the modulation wavelength. The fluctuation kinetic
energy decreases as ‫ିܮ‬௣ with ‫ = ݌‬2.5, which indicatesthat the growth velocity of the RMI decreases inproportion to ‫ିܮ‬௣/ଶ by the presence of the transition
layer. This feature is found to be quite universal andappeared in a wide range of shock-interface interactions.

FIG. Dependence of the integrated kinetic energy measured at
the nonlinear regime on the thickness of the transition layer L.
Various parameter runs are plotted with different marks. The
gray thick curve is the fitted function of all the data, which areproportional to 1 + ‫ܮݍ‬/ߣ ‫ି ݌‬ଵ with ‫ = ݍ‬2.11 and ‫ = ݌‬2.46.
-45-

XFEL(SACLA)ࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮➼✚ຍ⇕≀⌮ࡢゎ᫂༓ᚨ㟹ᙪ1㸪బ㔝Ꮥஅ1㸪⃝⏣ᐶ2㸪ᒾ⏣ኟᘺ1㸪ᮾ┤ᶞ11) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ, 2) University of Nevada, Reno, USA

SUMMARY㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣ≀㉁ࢆᅛయᐦᗘࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡓࡲࡲ㸪keV ᗘࡢ㧗 ࡲ୍࡛Ẽ࡟ຍ⇕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇࡢຍ⇕㐣⛬ࡣ➼✚ຍ⇕࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ㸬➼✚ຍ⇕࡛ࡣ㸪㧗 㡿ᇦࡣ࠾ࡼࡑගࡢ㏿ࡉ࡛≀㉁୰ࢆᣑᩓࡍ
ࡿ㸬SACLA(XFEL)ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗㏿᫬㛫ศゎ⬟ィ ࢆ⾜࠸㸪㧗ᙉᗘᴟ▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡾຍ⇕ࡉࢀࡓ㖡ⷧ⭷୰ࡢຍ⇕㡿ᇦࡢᗈࡀࡾࢆィ ࡋࡓ 㸬
SACLAࡢගᏊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ㸪㖡ཎᏊࡢKẆ྾཰➃࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮8.9keVࡢ๓ᚋ࡟᣺ࡗࡓィ ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ຍ⇕࡟ࡼࡿ㟁㞳ࡢ㐍⾜ࡢᵝᏊࢆᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬ᮏඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪2ḟඖࣉࣛࢬ࣐⢏Ꮚࢥ࣮ࢻPICLSࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ᐇ㦂᮲௳࡜ྠࡌࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠸㸪ຍ⇕㡿ᇦࡢᗈࡀࡾ(㟁Ꮚ ᗘ>10eV)ࡢ㡿ᇦࡢ㐍⾜ࡢᵝᏊࡀ㸪ᐇ㦂࡛ィ ࡉࢀࡓXFEL࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢ
ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜Ⰻ࠸୍⮴ࢆぢࡓ㸬ᅛయ㔠ᒓ୰࡛ࡢຍ⇕㡿
FIG. 㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ㖡ⷧ⭷ࡢ➼✚ຍ⇕ࡢᵝᏊࢆᇦࡢᗈࡀࡾࡢ≀⌮ࡢゎ᫂ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪➼✚ຍ
SACLA XFEL࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ࡢ᫬㛫ศゎ⬟࡛㏱㐣ග⇕ࡢ⌮ゎࡀ୍ᒙ㐍ࡴ࡜ᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ㸬ィ ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓᐇ㦂ࡢ㓄఩㸬
-46-

Developing a photon scattering model in non-thermal high energy density plasmas in PICLS code
Y. Sentoku1㸪T. Sano1㸪E. d’Humires2
1) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan, 2) University of Bordeaux, France

SUMMARY

In this research, we developed new physical models andsimulation techniques to expand the scope of
application of a laser-plasma simulation code, PICLS,
and improved the accuracy of the simulation. This year
we had the monthly Zoom meeting (Japan 6pm –France 9am) to discuss about the model equation of theCompton scattering for relativistic electrons. Check thecharacteristic of the differential cross-section of theCompton scattering and also develop a Monte Carlomodel to integrate the cross-section.

FIG. A schematic view of Compton scattering. A high energy
electron collides with an incident photon and up-shifts thephoton energy via the scattering.
-47-

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᰾⼥ྜᐇ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖࣭࢜ࣥ୰ᛶᏊィ ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㧗ឤᗘEO࣏࣐࣮ࣜࡢ㛤Ⓨᒣ⏣ಇẎ1, ኱཭᫂1, ᭷ᕝᏳಙ2, …
1) ᝟ሗ㏻ಙ◊✲ᶵᵓ, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY࣏੊େ௔߶ଐ՛ుཽࢢ‫ܯ‬଎ͳ͢ͱ஥໪͠Ηͱ͏Ζ(OHFWUR2SWLF (2 ϛϨϜʖࡒྋΝɼ/)(;ϪʖδʖͶ͕͜Ζࣰ‫ݩ‬Ͷ಍೘ͤΖͪΌ͹֋൅Νߨͮͪ ɽ/)(; Ϫ ʖ δ ʖ ૹ ஖ ෉ ଒ ϕ ϫ ʖ ϔ ૹ ஖ ͹ ഀ ௗQPͶ‫ٷ‬फ୼Ν΍ͯ(2ϛϨϜʖࡒྋΝમఈ͢ɼεϨαϱ‫خ‬൭Ͷ͹ͦͪ(2ϛϨϜʖΝPP[PPͶϪʖδʖՅ޽ͪ͢ɽϪʖδʖՌָ‫ॶڂݜ‬Ͷ͕͏ͱޭϓΟ΢ώʖ઎୼Ͷં߻ͤΖ͞ͳͶ੔ޯͪ͢ ɽ/)(;ͶΓΖుࢢ൅ਫ਼ࣰ‫ݩ‬Ͷ஖͏ͱ࣎ؔ෾մ೵͗‫ۅ‬Όͱ߶͏ SVఖౕʥ͹ࣰ‫ݩ‬υʖν͗ಚΔΗͪɽӀ͘କ͘ϛϨϜʖࡒྋ͹࠹నԿͳɼϓΟ΢ώʖΠιϱϔϨ͹࠹నԿ‫ڂݜ‬Νߨ͑ɽ),* ࠪ৏ (2ϛϨϜʖορϕࣺਇ PP[PPͶՅ޽඾ɼ‫ ;ٶ‬ӊ৏ ϓΟ΢ώʖ઎୼खΕ෉ࣺ͜ਇɼ Ծήϧϓ ‫ٷ‬फηϘέφϩ
-48-

㉸㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜㧗ᐦᗘࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ┦஫స⏝⏣ཱྀ ಇᘯ᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤ⓎᶵᵓᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ ᩔ㈡⥲ྜ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢭࣥࢱ࣮SUMMARY

2020ᖺᗘࡣᚋᮇ࠿ࡽඹྠ◊✲࡟ཧຍࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓ
ຍࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࡔࡁ㸪㛗཭ඛ⏕࡜Ꮫ⏕ࡢᯇᑿẶࡢ◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࠾✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚࠾
ᡭఏ࠸ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ㸬ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࡇࢀࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⇿⦰ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࢆ↷ᑕࡋࡓ㝿࡟㉳ࡇࡿㄏᑟ࣐ࣛࣥᩓ஘࡟㉳ᅉࡋ࡚஘࡟㉳ᅉࡋ࡚
㧗㏿㟁Ꮚࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ഃ࡟ࢩࣇࢺ
࣮ഃ࡟ࢩࣇࢺ
ࡍࡿ⌧㇟ࡢゎᯒ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡔ࠶ࡲࡾỴᐃⓗ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࡀ㸪࣐ࣛࣥ࠸ࡀ㸪࣐ࣛࣥ
ᩓ஘࡟కࡗ࡚ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰࡟࢟ࣕࣅࢸ࢕ⓗ࡞ᐦᗘኚ࢕ⓗ࡞ᐦᗘኚ
ㄪࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ࡑࢀࡀཎᅉ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㟁Ꮚࢿࣝࢠ࣮㟁Ꮚ
ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⌧ᅾࡇࡢ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮໬
࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮໬
ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࢆ⥆ࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࠸ࡿ㸬ࡏࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ
ࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࡣ㸪ᙉ࠸⾪ᧁἼࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ
࣒࡟࡞ࡾᚓࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ⾪ᧁἼⅬⅆ᰾⼥ྜ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝⼥ྜ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝
ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡚㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᰾⼥ྜ◊✲࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥ◊✲࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥ
ࣃࢡࢺࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

Figure 1: ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ⏝࠸ࡓ⇿⦰ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ
ᐦᗘศᕸ࡜㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟క࠺ᐦᗘ
ኚㄪࡢᴫᛕᅗ
-49-

Theoretical study on particle acceleration in high energy density plasmas created by kJ classultraintense lasers
N. Iwata1,2, A. J. Kemp3, S. C. Wilks3, and Y. Sentoku1
1) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan, 2) Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies,
Osaka University, Japan, 3) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA
SUMMARY

Kilojoule-class relativistic lasers, having tens of Pm
spot sizes and over-picosecond pulse durations, realize
efficient electron and ion accelerations that exceed thetheories for femtosecond short pulse lasers. For such an
efficient acceleration, confining laser-accelerated fastelectrons in the spot area for a long time is important.
We here studied electron motions in a foil plasma
irradiated by a kJ laser using 2D particle-in-cell (PIC)
simulations. The fast electrons show a random walklaterally in the large spot as Fig. (a). The escaping
velocity of fast electrons from the spot then becomesslower, and the electrons accumulate in the spot toabout ten-times higher density than the critical density
nc as Fig. (b) which contributes to boost the ion
acceleration. The finding is important to understand themechanism of particle acceleration by kJ lasers, andalso to applications using high energy density plasmas,
such as energetic ion beam and intense x-ray sources.

FIG. 2D PIC simulation for the continuous irradiation of alaser with amplitude a0 = 1.4 and spot radius w ((a) w = 35 Pm,(b) w = 21 Pm) onto a 5 Pm-thick, 100 nc foil plasma. (a) Fastelectron trajectories exhibiting a random walk in the lateral
direction. (b) Fast electron density accumulated in the foil.
-50-㧗࿘Ἴ࠿ࡘᗈᖏᇦ࡛ືసࡍࡿᾮᬗࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼไᚚࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨ
ఀᮾⰋኴ1ࠊ㛵㇂㥴ே1㸪ᩯෆᨻྜྷ21) ⛅⏣┴❧኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY(a)ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊTHzᖏ࡛ືసࡍࡿTwisted Nematic㸦TN㸧ᾮᬗࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋTNࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡛ࡣࠊᾮᬗศᏊࡀࡡࡌࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟㓄ྥࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊධᑕࡋࡓ㟁☢Ἴࡢ೫ྥ᪉ྥࢆᗈᖏᇦ࡟ࢃࡓࡾᅇ㌿ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ(FIG.(a))ࠋ
ᡃࠎࡀⓎぢࡋࡓ྾཰␗᪉ᛶࢆ♧ࡉ࡞࠸ᾮᬗࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࠊ㏱㐣Ἴࡀ᏶඲࡞┤⥺೫ග࡟࡞ࡿࡔࡅ࡛
࡞ࡃࠊ㟁ᅽࡢON/OFF࡛㏱㐣⋡ࡀኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓ(FIG.(b), (c))ࠋ
ᾮᬗࢆ⏝࠸ࡓTHzἼไᚚࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡣᑠᆺ࠿ࡘప
ᾘ㈝㟁ຊ࡛࠶ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊTNࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡣཎ⌮ⓗ࡟ࠊᗈᖏᇦ࡛ືసྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊศග⿦⨨࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡛ࡢ฼⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ

(b)

(c)

@2.5 THz

FIG. (a) TNࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢືసཎ⌮ࠊ(b)ࢪ࣮ࣙࣥࢬ࣐ࢺࣜࢡ
ࢫἲ࡟ࡼࡾィ⟬ࡋࡓTNࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢືస≉ᛶࠊ(c)2.5THz
࡟࠾ࡅࡿTNࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢᐇ ⤖ᯝ-51-࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚࡢ㛤Ⓨ(Development of new THz wave emission devices using metamaterial structures)㇂ ṇᙪ1 㸪୰ᔱ ㄔ2 㸪໭ཎ ⱥ᫂1,2 㸪ྂᒇ ᓅ1 㸪࣒࣮ࣝࢹࣛ ࣍ࢭ࣮ࣜࢺ11) ⚟஭኱Ꮫ࣭㐲㉥እ㡿ᇦ㛤Ⓨ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY[1] NIMS✚ᒙࢫ࣐࣮ࢺᮦᩱࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ༠ຊࢆᚓ࡚〇స

THz Amplitude (arb. units)ᮏ◊✲ࡣගບ㉳࡟ࡼࡿࢫࣆࣥὶࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ㧗ຠ⋡࡞ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ(THz)ἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚ(ࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ⣲Ꮚ)ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟⣲Ꮚᙧ≧࡟࢔ࣥࢸࢼᵓ㐀ࡸ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝᵓ㐀ࢆᑟධࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿᨺᑕຠ⋡ᨵၿࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡣ෇ᙧ
(┤ᚄ100 Pm)㸪▴ᙧ(40 Pm x 100 Pm)㸪࠾ࡼࡧDiaboloᆺ(࢔ࣥࢸࢼ㛗2mm, ᖜ⣙1.2mm)ࡢ࢔ࣥࢸࢼ
ᵓ㐀ࢆᑟධࡋࡓ⣲Ꮚࢆヨస[1]ࡋ㸪ホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ෇ᙧ㸺Diaboloᆺ㸺▴ᙧࡢ㡰࡟Ⓨ⏕ຠ⋡ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀ㸪THzἼ᣺ᖜ࡛᭱኱1.5ಸ⛬ᗘᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟
Diaboloᆺࡢ࢔ࣥࢸࢼ㟁ᴟ㒊ࡢPt⭷ཌࢆ2nm
࠿ࡽ100nm࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛⣙2ಸࡢⓎ⏕ຠ⋡ྥୖࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

0.8

Spintronic Emitter_Pt3nm, Fe2nm
Diabolo Antenna_Pt3nm, Fe2nm
Diabolo Antenna_Pt100nm, Fe2nm

0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
-0.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Time (ps)FIG. 1. ࢔ࣥࢸࢼᵓ㐀↓ࡋ㸦⭷ཌPt=3nm, Fe=2nm㸧㸪
Diaboloᆺ࢔ࣥࢸࢼᵓ㐀㸦⭷ཌPt=3nm, Fe=2nm㸧࠾ࡼࡧ
Diaboloᆺ࢔ࣥࢸࢼᵓ㐀㸦㟁ᴟ㒊⭷ཌPt=100nm,
Fe=2nm㸧ࢆᣢࡘࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ⣲Ꮚ࡟ࡼࡿTHzἼࡢ
᫬㛫Ἴᙧ
-52-

㧗ᙉᗘࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࣃࣝࢫ࡟ࡼࡿࢫࣆࣥไᚚࡢ◊✲᳃⏣ ೺1㸪ᚿ⏣ ༤㈗1㸪୰ᔱ ㄔ21) ༓ⴥ኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYຌ‫Ͳڂݜ‬ͺಋҲ͹௔୻ϏϩηϪʖδʖΝޭ‫͢ͳݱ‬ͪൔ಍ର஦ుࢢηϒϱ͹࣎‫ؔۯ‬ξ΢ψϝέη‫ܯ‬଎ޭָ‫ౕک߶ͳܧ‬τϧϖϩςϏϩη൅ਫ਼ޭָ‫ܧ‬ΝૌΊ߻Κͦɼ৿‫ܧָޭو‬Νߑ஛ͪ͢ɽుࢢηϒϱ͹࣎‫ؔۯ‬͹ξ΢ψϝέηΝ৆ࡋͶ௒΄ɼుࢢͺଚࡑͤΖ͗ηϒϱ͹৶ߺ͗psΨʖξʖͲ؉࿪ʀভࣨͤ
Ζ‫ݸۅ‬ηϒϱξ΢ψϝέηΝ؏଎ͪ͢ɽȳ఼͹ΫϡϨΠ͗พ͹ώϪʖͶҢΕɼͨ͹գఖͲηϒϱ͹௔߶ଐভࣨ‫ݳ‬েً͗ͪ͘ͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɽ

FIG. (a) 㧗ᙉᗘࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸦ᐇ㧗ᙉᗘᑕ⥺㸧࡜ࡋ࡞࠸࡜ࡁ㸦Ⅼ⥺㸧ࡢࢫࣆࣥࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢡࢫಙྕࠋ(b) 㧗ᙉᗘࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸦㉥㸧࡜ࡋ࡞࠸࡜ࡁ㸦㯮㸧ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔⦆࿴ࠋ
-53-

ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶᨺᑕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣌ࣟࣈࢫ࢝࢖ࢺኴ㝧㟁ụ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢡࢫホ౯
ᕝᒣᕑ1,2 㸪ᩯෆᨻྜྷ21) ி㒔኱Ꮫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY࣌ࣟࣈࢫ࢝࢖ࢺኴ㝧㟁ụࡣᏳ౯࠿ࡘ㧗ຠ⋡࡞ḟୡ௦ኴ㝧㟁ụ࡜ࡋ࡚኱ࡁ࡞ὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ
࠿ࡋࠊග↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡢపୗࡸࠊ㟁ὶí㟁ᅽ᭤⥺࡟ࣄࢫࢸࣜࢩࢫࡀ⌧ࢀኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡀᏳᐃࡋ࡞
࠸࡜࠸࠺⌧㇟ࡶぢࡽࢀࡿࠋᐇ⏝໬࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ
ࡽࡢ⌧㇟ࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࢆゎ᫂ࡋࠊ⪏ஂᛶ࣭Ᏻᐃᛶ
ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶᨺᑕ㢧ᚤ㙾(LTEM)ࢆ
⏝࠸࡚࣌ࣟࣈࢫ࢝࢖ࢺኴ㝧㟁ụ࠿ࡽࡢTHzᨺᑕࢆほ ࡋ(ᅗ1)ࠊࡑࡢຎ໬ᗘྜ࠸࡜LTEMಙྕ࡜┦㛵┦㛵ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓ(ᅗ2)ᮏ⤖ᯝࡣLTEMࡀ࣌ࣟࣈࢫ࢝࢖ࢺኴ㝧㟁ụࡢホ౯ᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚᭷ᮃ࡛
࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ਦ1

ਦ2

ᅗ1
ᐃヨᩱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣌ࣟࣈࢫ࢝࢖ࢺᒙࠊTiO2ᒙࠊ
Spiro-OMeTADᒙ࠿ࡽࡢTHzἼᙧ ᐃ⤖ᯝᅗ2 ኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡢ␗࡞ࡿ࣌ࣟࣈࢫ࢝࢖ࢺኴ㝧㟁ụࢆ
LTEM࡛࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ
-54-

Effects of electron irradiation on the THz emission of GaAs epilayers grown via molecular beam epitaxy
R. Andig1, C. E. A. Tan1, E. J. C. Solibet1, A. Delos Reyes1, G. Catindig1, E, Prieto1, K. C. Gonzales1, M. J. F. Empizo3, V.
Samson2, N. Sarukura3 and A. Salvador1
1) National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
2) Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
3) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, JapanSUMMARY

Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a functional material thatcan serve as a base for devices in high-energy and highflux environments. These devices are constantly
exposed to reaction by-products and ionizing particles
which can lead to altered properties that may result in
device deterioration or even sudden failure. In thisregard, we investigate the effects of electron radiationon the terahertz (THz) emission properties of GaAs on
Si epilayers fabricated via molecular beam epitaxy.
Four low-temperature grown GaAs/Si epilayers were
irradiated with 100 kGy electron radiation. The THztime-domain spectra show no significant difference in
THz intensity and frequency bandwidth before and after
irradiation of all samples. Using 100 kGy as a baseline,
further investigations using increased dosage will be
conducted to determine how electron radiation affects
the THz properties of GaAs/Si epilayers.

FIG. 1: THz waveforms and THz FFT spectra (inset) of (a)GaAs on Si (100), (b) GaAs on Si (111), (c) GaAs on off-axis
Si (100) tilted 4rtoward (111) plane during growth, and (d)GaAs on SI-GaAs samples before and after electron
irradiation.

-55-᭷ᶵ༙ᑟయᮦᩱ࡟ࡼࡿࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ玪㏿ࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࣥࢢ
ᯇ஭㱟அ௓1㸪୰ᔱㄔ21) ୕㔜኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ᭷ᶵ㟁Ⲵ⛣ື㘒యDBTTF-TCNQ⤖ᬗ࡟ࡼࡿࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࡢ㧗㏿ࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࣥࢢࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ᳨ドࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋDBTTF-TCNQ࡜ࡣࠊࢻࢼ࣮ศᏊ
DBTTF࡜࢔ࢡࢭࣉࢱ࣮ศᏊTCNQ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ㟁Ⲵ⛣ື㘒య⤖ᬗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ0.7eV࡜࠸ࡗࡓẚ㍑ⓗ⊃࠸ࣂࣥࢻࢠࣕࢵࣉࢆ᭷ࡋ༙ᑟయⓗ࡞ᛶ㉁ࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡇࢀࡲ
࡛࡟ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ࣏ࣥࣉíࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࣉ࣮ࣟࣈᐇ
㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࡢ㧗㏿ࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࣥࢢࡢྍ
⬟ᛶࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ⤖ᯝࢆᚓ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡟ࡣࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ㧗㏿㏻ಙᢏ⾡࡞࡝࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ

FIG. DBTTF-TCNQ㟁Ⲵ⛣ື㘒య⤖ᬗࡢගᏛ㢧ᚤ㙾ീ(10
ಸ)

-56-

Terahertz emission characteristics of zinc oxide-based photoconductive antenna devices
A. E. De LosReyes1, V. C. Agulto2, M. J. F. Empizo2, J. P. Afalla3, V. K. P. Mag-usara2, M. Nakajima2, M. Yoshimura2,
M. Tani4, N. Sarukura2, and E. S. Estacio1
1) University of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines, 2) Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871,
Japan, 3) University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan 4) University of Fukui, Fukui, Fukui 910-8507, JapanSUMMARY

The terahertz (THz) band, which is comprised of the
0.1-10 THz frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum
has found important applications in medical imaging,security, and environmental sensing. However,integration of THz technology has been primarily
restricted in the laboratory setting owing to the lack ofstrong THz radiation sources, among other factors.
Photoconductive antenna (PCA) devices are key
components as emitters/detectors of THz time-domain
spectroscopy (THz-TDS) setups. Due to its high electric
breakdown, zinc oxide (ZnO) is a promising emitter ofTHz radiation as it permits the application of large bias
voltages leading to more intense THz radiation. In thiswork, the properties of ZnO films were investigated.
These information are crucial for parametric studies anddesign considerations of ZnO PCA devices for THz
applications.

FIG 1. Refractive indices of bulk ZnO single crystal with andwithout UV illumination at different THz frequencies. The
refractive indices were obtained via THz transmission
spectroscopy.
-57-ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ᫬㛫㡿ᇦศගἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ஘ࢀࡓ⣔ࡢ」⣲ఏᑟᗘゎᯒᡭἲࡢ☜❧࡜ࡑࡢᛂ⏝ᕝᒣᕑ1,2 㸪ᮧୖ༤ᡂ2㸪Ᏹబ⨾㞝⏕3㸪ᯇᮏ༟ஓ4㸪ᩯෆᨻྜྷ21) ி㒔኱Ꮫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ,3)஑ᕞᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ⏕࿨యᕤᏛ◊✲⛉, 4)኱㜰኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉
10

㻌ᐇ㒊
㻌⹫㒊
㻌䝣䜱䝑䝔䜱䞁䜾ᐇ㒊㻌䝣䜱䝑䝔䜱䞁䜾⹫㒊

8
6
4
2

㻌ᐇ㒊
㻌⹫㒊
㻌䝣䜱䝑䝔䜱䞁䜾ᐇ㒊㻌䝣䜱䝑䝔䜱䞁䜾⹫㒊

8ᑟ㟁⋡(PS/cm)ᑟ㟁⋡(PS/cm)

10

100K

0

6
4
2

370K

0

0

2
4
࿘Ἴᩘ㻔㼀㻴㼦㻕

6024
࿘Ἴᩘ(THz)

6

㻟

2THz
V㻔P㻿㻛㼏㼙㻕

SUMMARYᑟ㟁ᛶ㧗ศᏊ࡛ࡣከࡃࡢ㟁Ẽఏᑟᶵᵓ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣂ
ࣥࢻఏᑟࠊࢺࣥࢿࣝఏᑟࡸ࣍ࢵࣆࣥࢢఏᑟ࡞࡝ࡀ
」ྜⓗ࡟ᐤ୚ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣏ࣜ࢔ࢽࣜࣥ(PANI)ࡢ㟁Ẽఏᑟ≉ᛶࡢ ᗘኚ໬ࢆࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ᫬㛫㡿ᇦศගἲ(THz-TDS)ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᐃࡋࠊ㟁Ẽఏᑟࣔࢹࣝࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋୖẁࡢᅗࡼࡾࠊPANIࡢ」⣲ᑟ㟁⋡ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣ
࣮ࣟࣞࣥࢶ᣺ືᏊࣔࢹࣝ࡜ࡼࡃ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊୗẁࡢᅗ࠿ࡽ┤ὶ࡛ࡣఏᑟᗘࡀᣦᩘ㛵ᩘⓗ࡟ኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ2THz࡛ࡣ┤⥺ⓗ࡞౫Ꮡᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ┤ὶ࡛ࡣࢻ࣓࢖ࣥ㛫ࡢ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ࡢ
࣍ࢵࣆࣥࢢࠊTHzᖏ࡛ࡣࢻ࣓࢖ࣥ࡟㛢ࡌ㎸ࡵࡽࢀᒁᅾࡋࡓ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔㐠ືࡀఏᑟࡢ୺せᅉ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

௜ླྀ

㻞

㻝

㻜

㻜

㻝㻜㻜

㻞㻜㻜

T(K)

㻟㻜㻜

㻠㻜㻜

ୖẁࡢᅗࡣ100K࡜370K࡛ ᐃࡋࡓPANIࡢᑟ㟁⋡ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢᐇ㒊࡜⹫㒊ࢆ࣮ࣟࣞࣥࢶࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡾࣇ࢕ࢵࢸ࢕
ࣥࢢࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊୗẁࡣTHz-TDS࡟࠾ࡅࡿ2THzࡢᑟ㟁⋡࡜┤ὶ ᐃ࡛ィ ࡋࡓᑟ㟁⋡ࡢ ᗘ౫Ꮡᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
-58-

ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶศග࡟ࡼࡿᒀ㊰⤖▼୰ࡢ⤖ᬗከᙧྠᐃ࡜࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢ
୸ᒣ⨾ᕹᏊ1㸪ྜྷᮧᨻᚿ2㸪ሯᮏ຾⏨3㸪ྂᕝၿ༤ኈ3㸪⏣ᑼ⌮ᜨ4㸪ᒸ⏣῟ᚿ5㸪⏣୰ຬኴᮁ5㸪㛛㤿⥘୍6㸪
ᮡᾆᝆ⣖7㸪୰ᔱㄔ2㸪᳃ຬ௓11)኱㜰኱Ꮫ 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ 3)ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ 4)⏣ᑼⷧ∦〇సᡤ5)ྡྂᒇᕷ❧኱Ꮫ 6)ᅜ❧⛉Ꮫ༤≀㤋 7)⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARYᒀ㊰⤖▼࡟ྵ᭷ࡉࢀࡿࢩࣗ࢘㓟࢝ࣝࢩ࣒࢘ࡢ୍
Ỉ࿴≀㸦COM㸧࡜஧Ỉ࿴≀㸦COD㸧ࡢṇ☜࡞⤖ᬗ┦ྠᐃࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ཯ᑕ
ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋྜᡂ࡟ࡼࡾసᡂࡋࡓCOM࡜CODࢆຍᅽࡋ࡚࣌ࣞࢵࢺࢆసᡂࡋࠊࡇࢀ
ࢆ⏝࠸࡚཯ᑕἲ࡛ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ340 cm-1௨ୗࡢἼᩘ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣࠊCOMࡢ྾཰ࡀ㢧ⴭ࡟኱ࡁ࠸ࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊ197 cm-1࡜206 cm-1௜㏆࡟COM≉᭷ࡢ྾཰ࡀ
࠶ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊCOM࡜CODࡢ
㔞ẚࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࠊᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞ ᐃ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡆࡽࢀࡿ࠿᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ

FIG. COM㸦㟷㸧࠾ࡼࡧCOD㸦㉥㸧ࡢ཯ᑕࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࠋ
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$5B8"hj ¬C. $5-60-ࣉࣛࢬࣔࣥගఏᑟ࢔ࣥࢸࢼࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢝࢜ࢫග࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣮ࣔࢻࡢྠ᫬ᛶࡢゎ᫂᱔ᓥྐḠ1, ୰ᔱㄔ,2, ㇂ṇᙪ3,ཎཱྀ㞞ᐉ4, ᳃ᕝ἞51) ⚟஭ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ,3)⚟஭኱Ꮫ, 4) ᚨᓥ኱Ꮫ, 5) ᾏୖಖᏳ኱Ꮫᰯ

SUMMARYศගჾࡢᤲᘬ࡟ࡣศ༢఩ࡢ᫬㛫ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿࡓࡵࠊ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ࣮ࣔࢻࡀྠ᫬࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆほ࡛ࡁࡿศගჾࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛Ꮡᅾࡋ࡞࠸ࠋከ࣮ࣔࢻ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓTHzἼࡢⓎ⏕᪉ἲ࡛ࡣࠊ⦪࣮ࣔ
ࢻ㛫ࡢගࣅ࣮ࢺࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࣮ࣔࢻࡀྠ᫬Ⓨ⏕ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜THzἼࡀⓎ⏕ࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊྠ᫬ᛶࡣ
THzἼⓎ⏕࡟ᑐࡋᚲ㡲ࡢࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࠊTHzἼⓎ⏕ࢆ㧗㏿ࡢศගჾ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸࡚ࠊ
࣮ࣔࢻࢆほ ࡋࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢝࢜ࢫ࡛ࡢྠ᫬ᛶࢆ᫂
☜࡟ࡍࡿࠋ ᅗ㸯࡟♧ࡍࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢝࢜ࢫග࡜CW࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢගࣅ࣮ࢺࡢᏳᐃᛶ
ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ࢝࢜ࢫගࡢሙྜࡣࠊᖖ࡟ග
ࣅ࣮ࢺࡀᏳᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂☜࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⿦
⨨ࡣࠊᑗ᮶ࠊTHzἼࡢ㧗ศゎ⬟᳨ฟჾ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ฼
⏝࡛ࡁࡿࠋ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣ㹁㹂㸫㹐⏝ࡢࡶࡢࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ100෇⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᑠᆺ㍍㔞࡛ྍᦙᆺࡢཷಙᶵࡀᵓ⠏ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㉸ᑠᆺ⾨ᫍ
࡟ࡶᦚ㍕ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊప㟁ຊ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᏱ㏻㛤
Ⓨ࡟ࡶ᭱㐺࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᵓ⠏࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ

ᅗ㸯 THzᒁ㒊Ⓨ᣺ᶵࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣮ࣔࢻ≧ἣほ ࡢᐇ㦂⣔-61-┦ኚ໬ᮦᩱࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨ∾㔝Ꮥኴ㑻1, Mag-usara ValynnKatrine2, ୰㔝㝯ᚿ1, ୰ᔱㄔ21) ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫᢏ⾡◊✲㒊㛛 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY

Ge-SbíTe┦ኚ໬ᮦᩱࡣ࢔ࣔࣝࣇ࢓ࢫí⤖ᬗ┦ኚ໬࡟కࡗ࡚㟁Ẽⓗ࣭ගᏛⓗᛶ㉁ࡀ኱ࡁࡃኚ໬ࡍࡿ
ࡓࡵࠊᕷ㈍ࡢ࣓ࣔࣜࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡟⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᡃࠎࡣࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼᖏࡢ㟁☢Ἴ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡶ┦ኚ໬≉ᛶࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ኚ໬ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ࡜ぢ㎸ࡳࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝ
ࢶἼᕤᏛࢹࣂ࢖ࢫᛂ⏝࡟ྥࡅࡓ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼ᫬㛫㡿ᇦศගἲ࡟ࡼ
ࡾ⤖ᬗᛶ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST)ྜ㔠ࡢගᏛᐃᩘࡀ኱ࡁࡃኚ໬ࡍࡿ஦ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋᅗ(a)࡟
♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ࢔ࣔࣝࣇ࢓ࢫ┦ࡢGSTࡣ࠾࠾ࡼࡑ㏱
࡛᫂࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࢔ࢽ࣮ࣝࡋ⤖ᬗ໬ࡉࡏࡓࡶ
ࡢࡣ࢔ࢽ࣮ࣝ ᗘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚྾཰ࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ
஦ࡀ☜࠿ࡵࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢᛶ㉁ࢆᛂ⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ
ᅗ(b)࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣐ࣛࣈࣝ࡞ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼ
ᕤᏛࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡀᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡼࡾ㐺ษ࡞ᮦᩱࢆぢฟࡍࡓࡵ➨୍ཎ⌮ィ⟬࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᮦᩱ
タィࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡯࠿ࠊࢹࣂ࢖ࢫᛂ⏝ࢆぢᤣ࠼ࠊ┦ኚ໬⭷ࡢ௵ពࡢ఩⨨ࡢ┦ኚ໬ไᚚࢆ⾜࠺᪉ἲࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

(a)

(b)

FIG. ᐊ ࡛ ᐃࡋࡓGST┦ኚ໬ⷧ⭷ࡢ྾཰ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ
(a)࡜ࠊ┦ኚ໬≉ᛶࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼᙉᗘኚㄪࢹ
ࣂ࢖ࢫᛂ⏝ࡢ୍౛ࠋ⤖ᬗᛶࡢࢆࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ගࢫ
࢖ࢵࢳືసࡀᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ぢ㎸ࡲࢀࡿࠋ-62-ࣇࣞ࢟ࢩࣈࣝ࡞ᇶᯈୖ࡛ࡢ㔠ᒓ᭷ᶵᵓ㐀యࡢᡂ⭷ᮤ ┦㘏1, 㤿ሙ 㐩ஓ1, ᯇỌ ᛅ㞝1, ୰ᔱ ㄔ21) 㫽ྲྀ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᵝࠎ࡞㔠ᒓ࢖࢜ࣥ࡜ࡑࢀࡽࢆ㐃⤖ࡍࡿᯫᶫᛶࡢ
᭷ᶵ㓄఩Ꮚࢆ⤌ྜࢃࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛㦵᱁㛫࡟↓ᩘࡢࢼࣀ࣓࣮ࢺࣝࢧ࢖ࢬࡢ⣽ᏍࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ⤖ᬗᛶࡢ㧗ศᏊ࡛࠶ࡿ㔠ᒓ᭷ᶵᵓ㐀య(Metal
Organic
Frameworks㸹MOF)ࡣࠊࢭࣥࢧ࡞࡝࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊMOFⷧ⭷ࢆࣇࣞ࢟ࢩࣈ
ࣝ࡞ᇶᯈୖ࡟ᚓࡿࡓࡵࡢᡂ⭷᪉ἲ࡜᮲௳ࡢ☜❧ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊࣇࣞ࢟ࢩࣈࣝ࡞Cuⷧ⭷௜ࡁ࣏ࣜ࢖࣑ࢻᇶᯈୖ࡟ཌࡉ3PmࡢMOFⷧ⭷ࡢᡂ㛗ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࣇࣞ࢟ࢩࣈࣝ࡞ᇶᯈୖ࡛ࡢMOFⷧ⭷ᙧᡂࡣሗ࿌౛ࡀ࡞ࡃࠊ௒ᚋࡢࢭࣥࢧ࡞࡝ࡢࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡬ࡢ
ᛂ⏝࡟኱ࡁࡃᐤ୚࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࠋ

FIG. ࣇࣞ࢟ࢩࣈࣝ࡞Cuⷧ⭷௜ࡁ࣏ࣜ࢖࣑ࢻᇶᯈୖ࡟ᡂ㛗 ࡉ ࢀࡓ 㔠ᒓ ᭷ᶵ ᵓ㐀య (Metal Organic Frameworks;
MOF)ࡢSEMീࠋ
-63-ࣆࢥ⛊㟁Ꮚࣂࣥࢳ࠿ࡽᨺᑕࡉࢀࡿTHzᖏࢫ࣑ࢫ࣭ࣃ࣮ࢭࣝᨺᑕග※ࡢ㛤Ⓨῦᕝ ㄔ1㸪㚡ᕝ ៿ⱥ1 ࠊ୰ᔱ ㄔ21) 㛵す኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᮏᖺᗘࡣࣆࢥ⛊㟁Ꮚࣂࣥࢳࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿග㟁㟁Ꮚ㖠࠾ࡼࡧࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㧗ᗘ໬ࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋග㟁Ꮚບ㉳࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣮࣡࡜㟁Ꮚࡢຍ㏿㟁ᅽࡢㄪᩚࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀ࡟క࠺㟁Ꮚࣂࣥࢳ㟁Ẽ㔞࡜㟁Ꮚࣂࣥࢳ㟁ὶᐦᗘศᕸࡢኚ໬ࢆࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔LabVIEW࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤫ྜⓗ࡟⾜࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࡋ
ࡓࠋࡇࢀ࡟ຍ࠼ࠊග㟁Ꮚບ㉳࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ࢔ࣛ࢖࣓ࣥࢺ
ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊGoogleࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋ୍⯡㓄ᕸࡋ࡚࠸ࡿAIࣛ
࢖ࣈ࡛ࣛࣜ࠶ࡿTensorflow2ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ග㍈ㄪᩚࢆ⾜࠺ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢไᚚ⣔ࡣ
඲࡚Pythonゝㄒ࡛᭩࠿ࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ௒ᚋLabVIEW࡜⤫ྜࡉࢀࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

FIG. ps㟁ᏊࣂࣥࢳࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿග㟁㟁Ꮚ㖠㸬BSࡢゅᗘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ග㟁Ꮚບ㉳࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣮࣡ࢆࠊHVPS࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ຍ㏿㟁ᅽࢆㄪᩚࡍࡿࠋCathodeࠊAnode, Phosphor࡟฿㐩ࡍࡿ㟁Ẽ
㔞࠾ࡼࡧPhosphorࡢⓎගീࡢኚ໬ࢆ ᐃࡍࡿࠋㄪᩚ࡜ ᐃ
ࡣLabVIEW࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⾜࠺ࠋS1, S2࡛ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢫ࣏ࢵࢺࡢ
఩⨨ࢆC1, C2࡛᧜ᙳࡋࠊࡑࡢᗙᶆࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽM1, M2ࡢゅᗘࢆTensorflow2࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ỵࡵࡿࠋ
-64-ࢧࣈ10ȝmᚄ࣡࢖࣮ࣖ࡟ࡼࡿᗈᖏᇦ࣡࢖࣮ࣖࢢࣜࢵࢻ೫ගᏊࡢస〇⳯ᔱⱱ႐11) ኱㜰ᕷ❧኱Ꮫࡲ࡜ࡵ8࣑ࢡࣟࣥᚄ࣡࢖࣮ࣖࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᗈᖏᇦ࣡࢖࣮ࣖࢢ
ࣜࢵࢻ㸦WG㸧ࢆస〇ࡋࡓ㸬ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ຍᕤᶵࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪ࣇ࣮࣒ࣞ࡟㇂ᵓ㐀ࢆ᪋ࡋࡓ஦࡟
ࡼࡾ㸪᥋╔๣ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣡࢖࣮ࣖࡢᅛᐃ໬ࡢ㝿࡟࠾ࡅࡿẟ⣽⟶⌧㇟ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᢚไࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋ
ࡓ㸬᫝࡟క࠸㸪࣡࢖࣮ࣖ㛫㝸ࡣタィ್㸦16 ȝm㸧s20%ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡟⣙70%ࡀศᕸࡍࡿ⢭ᗘࢆᚓࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪2ࡘࡢWGࢆ஧㔜໬ࡢຠᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ㊥㞳ࡲ࡛㏆᥋ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡶᡂຌࡋࡓ㸬స〇ࡋࡓWGࡢᾘගᛶ⬟ࡣ㸪10%ྎࡢ㏱㐣ᦆኻ࡟ᢚ࠼ࡓୖ࡛㸪2 THzࡲ࡛࡟࠾࠸࡚10-7ྎࡢᾘගẚࢆ♧ࡋ㸪10-4௨ୗࡢᾘගẚࡢᖏᇦࡣ8 THz࡟㐩ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㟁☢⏺ィ⟬ࡼࡾࢃ࠿ࡗࡓ㸬ࡇࡢᡂᯝࡣ㸪௚ࡢ➇ྜ◊✲࡜ẚ࡭࡚1᱆௨ୖࡢᾘගᛶ⬟ࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ♧ࡍ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ডॖখ‫ॢش‬জॵॻমଢ଼஢஼द੿ଲखञ
੸੎:*মଢ଼஢द੿ଲखञ
੸੎:*ডॖখ‫ྫྷش‬৑࿒

 7+] पउऐॊ 7+]पउऐॊ

ƄƇ

଎୾ૻ

௤ଷ

଎୾ૻ

௤ଷ

 ͶP

¼ ¼  ͶP¼   ¼  সര५জॵॺ॑

 ͶP

॔ঞ‫૾ش‬पଦഔ >@ௐा  PPএজॖ঑ॻ੦ഝ৔प
$Oॢজॵॻ॑஋ಽ >@ ͶP  ͶP

ƏŃ  ͶP

¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ >@76X]XNLƈƗŃƄƏ2SW/HWW  >@+PDRƈƗŃƄƏ,(((-3+27  ᅗ㸬8ȝmᚄ࣡࢖࣮ࣖࢆ⏝࠸࡚స〇ࡋࡓWGࡢගᏛ෗┿㸬⾲㸬స〇ࡋࡓ8ȝmᚄ࣡࢖࣮ࣖࡢWGࡢᾘගẚ࡜㏱㐣ᦆኻ㸪࠾ࡼࡧ㸪➇ྜ◊✲࡜ࡢẚ㍑⤖ᯝ㸬-65-

ⅆᒣ⅊ࡢపࢥࢫࢺ㧗ᏳᐃCW-THzἼ࡟ࡼࡿศග
᱔ᓥྐḠ1, ୰ᔱㄔ,2, ᕝୖ⏤⣖3,㇂ṇᙪ4,ཎཱྀ㞞ᐉ5, ᳃ᕝ἞6, ᰩཎ୍჆41) ⚟஭ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ , 3)⚟஭ᕤᴗ㧗ᑓ, 4)⚟஭኱Ꮫ, 5) ᚨᓥ኱Ꮫ, 6) ᾏୖಖᏳ኱Ꮫᰯ

SUMMARYࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊTHzἼศග⿦⨨ࡣࠊࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿTH㹸ࣃࣝࢫࡸࠊ㧗Ᏻᐃ࡞㸰ྎࡢ༢୍࣮ࣔࢻ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿCWศගࡀ୺ὶ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠸
ࡎࢀࡶ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࠊᩘ100୓෇௨ୖ࡜
㧗౯࡛࠶ࡿࠋᡃࠎࡣࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࠊᕷ㈍ࡢ༙ᑟయ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㸦ᩘⓒ෇㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓTHzἼࡢⓎ⏕࠾ࡼࡧ᳨ฟࠊ࢝࢜ࢫග࡟࠾ࡅࡿගࣅ࣮ࢺࡢᏳᐃᛶࡢᐇドࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ௒ᅇࠊTHz᫬㛫㡿ᇦศගἲࡢᐇ㦂⣔ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࠊᮏᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓTHzศගࢆ⾜࠺ࠋᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣⅆᒣ⅊ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ✵Ẽࡼࡾࡶ
㏱㐣⋡ࡢ㧗࠸࿘Ἴᩘࡀぢ࠸ࡔࡏࡓࠋᏳ౯࡛ࠊᑠᆺ
㍍㔞࡞THzศග⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡿศගࡢྍ⬟࡜࡞ࢀࡤࠊ
ࡇࢀࡲ࡛THzศගࡢᬑཬࢆጉࡆ࡚࠸ࡓ౯᱁ࡢၥ㢟ࡀࠊゎỴࡉࢀࠊTHz ศගࡀᬑཬࡍࡿࠋከࡃࡢTHz
ศගࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࡶᵓ⠏ࡉࢀࠊࢫ࣌ࢡ
ࢺࣝ࠿ࡽ≀㉁ࡢྠᐃࡶྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋ㸯THz ௨ୗࡣᩓ஘ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㗵ࡢෆ㒊ࡢ᳨ᰝࡶྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊศගࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢝࢜ࢫග࡟ࡼࡿTHzἼࡢᏳᐃᛶࡶᐇド࡛ࡁࡿࠋᅗ㸯 ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢝࢜ࢫගࢆ⏝࠸ࡓపࢥࢫࢺTHz-TDSࡢ
ᐇ㦂⣔

-66-

Caྠ఩యศ㞳ࡢࡓࡵࡢ⊃⥺ᖜ࣭㧗ฟຊ㟷⣸Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨྜྷ⏣ᐇ1㸪Ἑ௰‽஧2㸪᫬⏣ⱱᶞ2㸪ዟ⏣ᘯ♩11)㏆␥኱Ꮫ 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
50 0࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ྠ఩యศ㞳࡟ࡼࡾ48Caࢆ⃰⦰ࡍࡿ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊὀධྠᮇࡉࢀࡓከࣅ࣮࣒༙
ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢔ࣞ࢖ࡀ᭷ᮃࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ
ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢἼ㛗Ᏻᐃ໬࡜㧗ฟຊ໬ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ࠊ㟷⣸Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢὀධྠᮇ࠾ࡼࡧPoundDrever-Hallἲ࡟ࡼࡿᏳᐃ໬ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋᚓࡽࢀࡓ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆᅗ࡟♧ࡍࠋὀධྠᮇࡀ
ᡂຌࡍࡿ࡜࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢἼ㛗ࡀᏳᐃࡋࠊࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ
ᐦᗘࡢྥୖࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋPound-Drever-Hallἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜࢚࣮ࣛಙྕࡀṇࡢ᫬ࠊ㈇ࡢ᫬ࡣྠᮇࡏࡎ
࡟ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀ୙Ᏻᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ௒
ᚋࡣ㛗Ἴ㛗࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ▷Ἴ㛗ഃࡢࡎࢀ࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿ࢚
࣮ࣛಙྕࢆࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ἴ㛗ࡢᏳᐃ໬ࢆヨࡳࡿࠋ

Intensity (dBm/nm)

SUMMARY

LDࢩ࣮ࢻ
ὀධ

- 10
LD↓ὀධ
60
- 20
70
ࢩ࣮ࢻ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
3080- 40-415.5 417.5 419.5 421.5 423.5 425.5 427.5
Wavelength (nm)FIG. 㟷⣸Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢὀධྠᮇ≉ᛶ

-67-

LFEX࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㧗ᛶ⬟໬ʊቑᖜࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢື≉ᛶゎᯒ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ʊ㔠㑓 ᛅ1㸪Ἑ௰ ‽஧21) ⚟஭኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY኱ฟຊ࢞ࣛࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣ㠀⥺ᙧᒅᢡ⋡ࡀ↓ど࡛ࡁࡎࠊ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝ(Bಀᩘ)࡟ࡼࡾගᏛࣀ࢖ࢬࡀ
ᡂ㛗ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࡢගᏛ፹㉁ࡢගᏛࣀ࢖ࢬ※ࢆᶍᨃࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
Cleanness Factor F ࢆᐃ⩏ࡋࡓࠋගᏛࣀ࢖ࢬ※ࡢ㓄⨨࡜኱ࡁࡉࢆ஘ᩘ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ỵᐃࡋᶍᨃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋCleanness Factorࢆ⏝࠸࡚Spatial filterࡢගᏛࣀ࢖ࢬ
࡜㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࣀ࢖ࢬ㝖ཤࡢゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࣆ࣮ࣥ࣍ࣝᚄࠊBಀᩘࠊF࡟ࡼࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
Ἴ㠃࡟ᑐࡍࡿᙳ㡪ࢆゎᯒࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣື≉ᛶィ⟬ࢆྵࢇࡔࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ᰾⼥ྜ⅔⏝࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢື≉ᛶゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋFIG. ගᏛࣀ࢖ࢬ※ᶍᨃࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛCleanness
Spatial filter ࡟ࡼࡿගᏛ⣔ࡢࣀ࢖ࢬ㝖ཤᛶ⬟-68-

Factor࡜DPSSྍどගࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨ࡢ㛤ⓎҬ৏ ॠղɼ༙ઔ҈৶‫౐ښ‬୉ָԿָ‫ॶڂݜ‬ɼ୉ࡗ୉ָϪʖδʖՌָ‫ॶڂݜ‬
SUMMARY‫ݽ‬ରϪʖδʖͶΓΖ൅ਫ਼͗ೋ͖ͮͪ͢Նࢻޭԭ৯ഀ
ௗQP͹Ϫʖδʖ֋൅Νߨ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽ͞ΗΉͲϏϩη෱¡VͲϏϩηΦϋϩάʖP-ɼ‫܃‬Εศ͢+]͹Ϫʖδʖࣰ͗‫ͪ͏ͱ͢ݳ‬ɽ೧ౕͺϏϩη෱Ν୻͚͢ϒʖέϏϭʖΝ৏͝ΖͪΌ͹‫ڂݜ‬Νߨͮͪɽ),*Ͷࣰ‫ૹݩ‬஖ࣺਇΝࣖͤɽඉ৙Ͷঘ‫ܗ‬͹ૹ஖ͲQPഀௗ͹Ϫʖδʖ͗൅ਫ਼Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑Ͷ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽ1G<$*݃ধͶɼξ΢ΨʖχϪʖδʖ
QPϪʖδʖΝ༽͏ͱྯً͢ͱ͏Ζɽ1G<$*͖ΔQPͳQPΝξϔϩ൅৾ͦ͠ɼ.73݃ধͶΓΕ࿪बഀΝͳͮͱQPΝ൅ਫ਼ͦ͠ͱ͏Ζɽ),*ͶࣖͤΓ͑ͶྯًϏϩηΝ̐ஊߑଆͶ͢ͱɼ୊ҲϏϩηͺϏϩη෱¡Vͳ͢ɼ൅৾ᮤ஍ҐԾ͹ϏϩηͶͤΖ͞ͳͲ1G<$*ͶΦϋϩάʖΝட੷͢ɼ‫ٺ‬ॠ͵୊್ϏϩηͶΓΕ‫ܻٺ‬Ͷ൅৾ͦ͠ͱ͏ΖɽϏϩη෱͗୻͚ϒʖέϏϭʖΝ߶ΌΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽࠕ‫ޛ‬͠ΔͶྯًϪʖδʖΝ୉‫ౕک‬ͶΠρϕήϪʖχ͢ϏϩηϏϭʖΝ߶ΌΖɽͨ͹ࡏͶు‫ͳݱ‬ൔ಍ରη΢ρο͹‫ک‬Կ΍චགྷͳ͵Ζɽ೧ౕ΍‫ڂݜ‬Ν‫ܩ‬କͤ
Ζɽ),* ࠪ  ഀௗ QP͹'366Ϫʖδʖૹ஖͹ࣺਇɽQP
ʤԭ৯ʥ͹Ϫʖδʖ൅৾Ͷ੔ޯͪ͢ɽ),* ӊʥϏϩη෱Ν୻͚͢ϒʖέϏϭʖΝ৏͝ΖͪΌͶɼྯًϏϩηΝஊ‫ܙ‬য়Ͷ͢ɼ୊ҲϏϩηͺQP͹൅৾ᮤ஍ҐԾͶ͢ɼϪʖδʖഖ࣯ͶΦϋϩάʖட੷Ν͢ɼ୊್ϏϩηͲ‫ܻٺ‬Ͷ൅৾ͦ͠ͱ୻͏Ϗϩη෱Ͳ‫ౕک‬͹߶͏Ϫʖδʖ൅৾Νࣰ‫ͱ͢ݳ‬
͏ΖɽࠉતͺྯًϏϩη͹‫ܙ‬য়ͲɼΨϪϱζ৯͗QP͹
Ϗϩηഀ‫ܙ‬Νࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹घ๑ͲϏϩη෱XVΉͲक़Ό
Ζ͞ͳͶ੔ޯ͢໪ඬͶ౺ୣͪ͢ɽΦϋϩάʖͺΉͫͲ
͍ΖͪΌӀ͘କ͘‫ڂݜ‬Ν‫ܩ‬କͤΖɽ

-69-ṇᖖศᩓ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗฼ᚓ໬ཬࡧඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ࡢ㧗㠀⥺ᙧᮦᩱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓฟຊࡢᏳᐃ໬
ⰱ⃝ᾈ1, ๓⏣㞙ဢ1, 㟷ᰗ♸Ᏹ1,

ᰘ⏣┿ᚿ1,HAN QIYAO 1, ᕝᔱಇ㍤1, ᕝᡞᰤ2, Ἑ௰‽஧31) ⚟஭኱ᏛᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸪2)⚟஭኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔ᕤᏛ⣔㒊㛛㸪3) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY㧗฼ᚓ໬࡜㧗㠀⥺ᙧᮦᩱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓṇᖖศᩓ࣮ࣔ
ࢻྠᮇ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊ㧗㏿ྍ㣬࿴྾཰యࡢࣃ
࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡀࣃࣝࢫࡢᏳᐃᛶ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡾࠊྍ㣬࿴ᦆኻ‫ݏ‬଴ ࡜㣬࿴ࣃ࣮࣡ܲୗ୅ ࡢ᮲௳࡟ࡼࡗ࡚཰᮰ࡍࡿ஧ḟศᩓࡢഴྥࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
‫ݏ‬଴ ࡀ኱ࡁࡃࠊܲୗ୅ ࡀᑠࡉ࠸᮲௳࡛ࡣ0ศᩓ࠿ࡽ୍
ᐃࡢṇᖖศᩓࡲ࡛Ᏻᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࠊศᩓࡀ࡞࠸≧ែ࡛Ᏻᐃࡍࡿࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆⓎぢࡋ࡚࠿ࡽᚎࠎ࡟ศᩓࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀ
ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾࠊṇᖖศᩓ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢタィࡀᐜ᫆࡜࡞ࡿࠋ

ᅗ‫ݏ‬଴ = 1ࠊ ܲୗ୅ = 1kW࡛ࡢࣃࣝࢫἼᙧ

ᅗ‫ݏ‬଴ = 0.5ࠊ ܲୗ୅ = 10kW
࡛ࡢࣃࣝࢫἼᙧ

ᅗ1࠿ࡽ ‫ݏ‬଴ Ν୉͚ͤ͘Ζͳɼ್࣏෾ࢆ͍͗Ζ஍ΓΕ΍ঘ͠͏ͳ͘Ͷफ଍͢ɼ୉͘͏ͳ͘Ͷ൅ࢆͤΖ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͪɽ෾ࢆ͗0͹ড়݇Ͳ΍ഀ‫͗ܙ‬फ଍ͪ͢ɽ
ਦ2͖Δܲୗ୅ Ν୉͚ͤ͘Ζͳɼ್࣏෾ࢆ͍͗Ζ஍ΓΕ΍୉͘͏ͳ͘Ͷफ଍͢ɼঘ͠͏ͳ͘Ͷ൅ࢆͤΖ͞ͳ͗Κ͖ͮͪɽ
-70-㟷Ⰽບ㉳ࡀ㐃⥆Ἴࢳࢱࣥࢧࣇ࢓࢖࢔࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢຠ⋡࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪ࡢᐃ㔞໬ᕝᔱ ಇ㍤1ࠊᰘ⏣┿ᚿ1 ๓⏣㞙ဢ1 ࠊ㟷ᰗ♸Ᏹ1 ࠊHAN QIYAO 1 ࠊⰱ⃝ ᾈ1ࠊ
ᕝᡞ ᰤ2ࠊἙ௰ ‽஧31) ⚟஭኱ᏛᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ 2) ⚟஭኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔ᕤᏛ⣔㒊㛛 3) ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY䝏䝍䞁䝃䝣䜯䜲䜰䝺䞊䝄䞊䛷䛿⥳Ⰽບ㉳䛻ẚ䜉䛶㟷Ⰽບ㉳䛾ຠ⋡䛿⣙༙ศ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹㟷Ⰽບ㉳䛾ຠ⋡పୗཎᅉ䛸䛧䛶䛣䜜䜎䛷ບ㉳ㄏ㉳ᦆኻ䜔Residual absorption䛺䛹䛜ᣦ᦬䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛜䜎䛰᫂䜙䛛䛻䛥䜜䛶䛚䜙䛪䚸䛣䜜䜙䛾ᙳ㡪䜢ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜䛯ゎᯒ䛿䛥䜜䛶䛔䛺䛔䚹䛭䛣䛷ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿㟷Ⰽບ㉳䛜䝏䝍䞁䝃䝣䜯䜲䜰䝺䞊䝄䞊䛾ຠ⋡䛻ཬ䜌䛩ᙳ㡪䜢ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜ᐃ㔞ⓗ 䛻 ⌮ ㄽ ゎ ᯒ 䜢 ⾜ 䛳 䛯 䚹 ゎ ᯒ 䛾 ⤖ ᯝ 䚸 Residualabsorption䛻䜘䜚ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡䛜኱䛝䛟పୗ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䜛䚹⾲1䛾᮲௳䜢᭱㐺໬䛧ධฟຊ䜢ྲྀ䛳䛯⤖ᯝ䛜ᅗ1䛷,᭱኱ບ㉳䛷䛾ຠ⋡䛿8.18%䛰䛳䛯䚹᭱㧗ຠ⋡䛷
䛒䜛11.1%䜢㉸䛘䜛䛣䛸䛿䛷䛝䛺䛛䛳䛯䚹䛣䛾ཎᅉ䛸䛧䛶䛿ບ㉳Ἴ㛗䛻䜘䜛ᙳ㡪䛜኱䛝䛔䛛䜙䛰䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹௒ᚋ䛿㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ䝺䞊䝄䞊ບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴ䝏䝍䞁䝃䝣䜯䜲䜰䝺䞊䝄䞊䛾㧗ຠ⋡໬䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䛝䛯䛔䚹ග䞊ගኚ᥮ຠ⋡䠄 Residual absorption 䛒䜚䠅ග䞊ගኚ᥮ຠ⋡( Residualabsorption 䛺䛧䠅

Li=4%

6.1%

14.5%

Li=5%

5.2%

12.3%

Li=6%

4.1%

10.6%

⾲1 2018ᖺ䛾ບ㉳᮲௳䛷䛾ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ᅗ1 ධฟຊ≉ᛶ(Li=4%)-71-୰ᛶᏊ⥺࢞ࣛࢫࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱࡢ≉ᛶᨵⰋ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㛤Ⓨ◊✲ᮧ⏣ ㈗ᗈ⇃ᮏ኱Ꮫ ኱Ꮫ㝔ඛ➃⛉Ꮫ◊✲㒊
SUMMARYᮏඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡣPr3+ ࢆࢻ࣮ࣉࡍࡿ᪂つ࡞࣐ࢺࣜࢡࢫ࢞ࣛࢫࢆ⊂⮬ࡢ⤌ᡂタィᣦ㔪࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚㛤Ⓨࡋ㸪㧗㏿ᛂ⟅࡜㧗㍤ᗘࢆවࡡഛ࠼ࡓ㧗ᛶ⬟୰ᛶᏊ⥺ィ ⏝࢞ࣛࢫࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱᮦᩱࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᮏᖺᗘࡣ㸪᪂ࡓ࡟㛤ⓎࡋࡓLCG:Pr3+ ࢞ࣛࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪PL≉ᛶ࡟ཬࡰࡍບ㉳Ἴ㛗౫Ꮡᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪LCG࢞ࣛࢫࡢ࣐ࢺࣜࢡࢫຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾPr3+ࡢ4f15d1‽఩ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜࡛ 200 nm ࡢ▷Ἴ㛗࡛ບ㉳ࡋ࡚ࡶ࡯ࡰ4f15d1‽
఩࠿ࡽࡢ⺯ගࡢࡳ࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓ㸬௒ᚋ㸪
LCG:Pr3+ ࢞ࣛࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ≉ᛶホ౯ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ඹྠ◊✲ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴィ⏬࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛㛤Ⓨࡍࡿ㧗ᛶ⬟୰ᛶᏊ⥺࢞ࣛࢫࢩࣥ
ࢳ࣮ࣞࢱࡣ㸪᰾⼥ྜ◊✲࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎ㸪ᅜෆእࢆၥࢃࡎᴟࡵ࡚ࢽ࣮ࢬࡀ㧗࠸ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚Ᏻ඲࣭Ᏻ
ᚰ࡞♫఍ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿᇶ┙ᢏ⾡࡜࡞ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪฼⏝ศ㔝ࡶᗈ⠊ᅖ࡟Ώࡿࡢ࡛㧗࠸⤒῭Ἴཬຠᯝࡶᮇᚅ
࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

FIG. Photoluminescence
LCG:Pr3+ glass.

-72-

excitation-emission

matrixofOptimizing Praseodymium and Cerium co-doping in APLF glasses for improved neutron scintillator
applications
M. Cadatal-Raduban1,2, M. J. F. Empizo2, N. Sarukura2 and K. Yamanoi2
1) Massey University, New Zealand, 2) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, JapanSUMMARY(a)

Intensity (arb. unit)

The optical properties of 20Al(PO3)3–80LiF(APLF80) glass co-doped with praseodymium (Pr3+)
and cerium (Ce3+) ions were evaluated byphotoluminescence spectroscopies. By co-doping the
APLF80 glass host with Pr3+ and Ce3+ ions
(APLF80+PrCe), the luminescence decay time of the263-nm allowed electric dipole 5dÆ4f transition of
singly-doped APLF80+Pr under optical excitation is
improved. Experimental results suggest that
APLF80+PrCe has an interesting emission process withradiative and non-radiative energy transfers. Nonradiative energy transfer leads to Pr3+ luminescencequenching, resulting to faster decay times, especially athigh Ce3+-doping concentrations. Our results present
exciting prospects for improved down-scattered-neutron
detection in fast-ignition laser fusion as the scintillation
decay times from both Pr3+- and Ce3+-doped APLF
glasses are significantly faster than conventional glass
scintillators.

Time (ns)FIG. Co-doped APLF80+PrCe has a fast luminescence decay
time for its 263-nm Pr3+ emission due to non-radiative energy
transfer from Pr3+ to Ce3+ and luminescence quenchingespecially at high Ce3+ concentrations.
-73-

Femtosecond pulsed laser deposition and characterization of CeO2 thin films

J. De Mesa1, A. Rillera1, M. J. Empizo2, R. Sarmago1, N. Sarukura2, and W. Garcia1
1) National Institute of Physics, University of Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
2) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, JapanSUMMARY

We have successfully deposited cerium (IV) oxide(CeO2) films on silicon (Si) substrates using our
femtosecond pulsed laser deposition (fs-PLD) setup.
This setup was equipped with a Ti:sapphire laser systemwith a pulse energy of 8 nJ and repetition rate of 80
MHz. Depositing with oxygen (O2) background gas
results in a stoichiometric film with an amorphous
structure. Post-heat treatment in a static air environment
improves the film crystallinity but can likewise alter thefilm stoichiometry. Further investigations on the effects
of different deposition parameters on the film properties
are then expected in the future toward the design anddevelopment of photocatalytic converters based on fsPLD-grown CeO2 thin films.

D

F

E

G

FIG 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the fs-PLD setup used todeposit the (b) CeO2 thin film. After post-annealing in air, the(c) CeO2 thin film exhibits an (d) XRD spectra with peaks
corresponding to cubic fluorite CeO2.
-74-

Vertically aligned zinc oxide-polymer composites as optical materials with improved UV luminescence
R.V. Sarmago1,2, N. Sarukura1, M.J.F. Empizo1, V.C. Agulto1, K.A. Salazar2
1) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan, 2) National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines
Diliman, Philippines
SUMMARY

We developed metal oxide-polymer nanocomposites
consisting of vertically aligned zinc oxide (ZnO)
nanorods and different polymer films. The
photoluminescence properties of the nanocomposites
were investigated under different excitation power
densities. We observed the amplification of theultraviolet (UV) emission of the ZnO nanorods afterincorporating a polymer layer on top. The results
suggest that the excitation threshold for amplified
spontaneous emission is reduced by the presence of thepolymer film, which can be explained by an enhanced
optical confinement. As a result, the ZnO-polymer
nanocomposites exhibit sharp and intense UV emission.
In this regard, the ZnO-polymer nanocomposites could
be developed as low-threshold UV light sources thatcan be used in different applications, e.g., biomedical
imaging, displays, and optical data storage.

(d)

(e)

(f)

FIG. Scanning electron micrographs (a, b, c) andphotoluminescence spectra (d, e, f) of ZnO nanorods without
polymer, with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and with
polydiallyldimethylammonium
chloride(PDDA),
respectively.

-75-

Investigations of hydrogen adsorption on gallium nitride surfaces: A density functional theory study
MJF Empizo1, JS Gueriba1, N Sarukura1, DB Putungan2 and AB Santos-Putungan2
1) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan
2) Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Physics, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines
SUMMARY

GaN (001) polar surfaces with N and Ga
terminations were studied using first principles
calculations. For both terminations, less average H
adsorption energy was observed as the H coverageincreases with 1 ML having the least average adsorptionenergy. It was also found that the N-terminated GaN(100) surface is the more stable compared to the Gaterminated surface. H adsorption was found to bestronger at 0.25 ML coverage for the N-terminatedsurface, and the N-terminated surface appears tointeract strongly with hydrogen with stable adsorptionenergy even at full H coverage. The changes in the
average adsorption energy is more dramatic implyingthat the N-terminated surface is more sensitive to H
adsorption and that it is more interesting in theinvestigations of H and GaN (001) interactions.

(a)

(b)
FIG. 1 (a) Optimized configuration of the N-terminated GaN(100) surface with 0.25 ML adsorbed H and (b) averageadsorption energies of adsorbed H at different coverages onboth Ga- and N-terminated GaN (001) surfaces.
-76-

Radiation-assisted ZnO nanostructure fabrication and its optical properties
Girlie Eunice P. Lopez1, Vallerie Ann Samson1, Cheri Dingle1, Jordan F. Madrid1 and Neil Raymund D. Guillermo1,
Keito Shinohara2, Melvin John Empizo2, and Nobuhiko Sarukura2
1) Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
2) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, JapanSUMMARY
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a rather interestingmaterial for radiation dosimetry and detection. Its
luminescent property is due to its electronic andcrystalline structure which is known to be strongly
influenced by the preparation method and the presenceof impurities. Among all the techniques available, theradiation method is not widely studied. The motivation
for the use of radiation to prepare nanostructures of
ZnO is because it is a low-cost and environmentallyfriendly technique for the synthesis of metal or
semiconductor nanostructures and the synthesis can be
conducted at ambient pressure and temperature.
Following entirely the procedure of Hu et al.,(2005) did not produce a white powder nor a colloidal
solution after gamma irradiation, contrary to theirobservations, which signifies the absence of ZnO. The
difference in the result might be related to the metal
precursor used in the experiment. Experiments toimprove the procedure are currently being explored andperformed.

FIG 1. In the present result, the UV-Vis absorbance distinct from thepresence of ZnO around 340-370 nm is absent from all samples. The
peak at ~270 nm may be due to other zinc complex formed in thesolution upon reaction with the radiolytic species present after
irradiation.
-77-ḟୡ௦㧗ᶵ⬟ගࣇ࢓࢖ࣂࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ࡑࡢᛂ⏝⸨ᮏ 㟹༓ⴥᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ

SUMMARY

We constructed a CW fiber laser using a 40-mm-long
Nd3+ heavily doped silica glass single-mode fiber (NdSMF). Its core glass was fabricated by the zeolite
method, and its Nd2O3 doped density was measured as
1.25 wt.%. Nd-SMF also demonstrated laser oscillation.
The laser power reached 19.7 mW and its slope
efficiency and laser threshold were 14.6% and 22.0 mW,
respectively. Such a short single-mode fiber will help us
easily make a high repetition rate over GHz and acompact oscillator with adequate saturable absorbers.
An Nd-SMF laser has the potential to achieve laser
miniaturization and high repetitive pulsed oscillation.
Work:“Short-length CW laser of Nd3+ heavily doped single-mode silica
glass fiber fabricated by zeolite method”, Y. Yamasakia, T.
Hiraishi Y. Kagebayashia, K. Fujioka, Y. Fujimoto
Optics Communications, vol. 475 (2020) 126270.

(A)

(B)

(C)

FIG. ((A) Experimental setup of Nd-SMF laser oscillation, (B)
Fluorescent beam profile image of Nd-SMF output, the beam
quality factor is M2=1.0, (C) Input-output characteristics of
Nd-SMF laser)-78-

Lateral displacement effects on the optical transmission propertiesof stacked metallic sub-wavelength slit-array systems
Y. Tokuda1,2, K. Sakaguchi1, S. Watanabe1, M. Nakajima2
1) Okayama Prefectural University, Japan, 2) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, JapanSUMMARY

Metallic slit-array slabs act like dielectrics when theincident wavelength is longer than the slit interval.
However, their stacked structures do not always exhibit
optical properties equivalent to conventional dielectric
multilayers. This work investigated the lateraldisplacement dependence on the characteristics of the
Fabry–Perot-like waveguide resonance modes of twotier systems. Simulation studies clarified the behavior of
the resonance modes and the physical mechanism
underpinning the transmission disappearance by thelateral displacement. Furthermore, we determined thatthe critical frequency, fc, above which the even-ordermodes exhibit blue-shifts with increases in the air-gap
spacing, can be predicted using an equation including
the lateral displacement. The geometrically-tunableoptical characteristics are expected to promote thefuture applications of artificial dielectrics operating in
low-frequency optical regions.

FIG. A schematic illustration of the two-tier metallic slit-arraystructure and the critical frequencies, fc, shown for various slit
widths, w, as functions of the lateral displacement, l. The fc
can actually be found only in the region colored yellow-green.
-79-

Tunable dual wavelength and narrow linewidth laser using a single solid-state gain medium in a double
Littman resonator
Pham Hong Minh1,2, K. Yamanoi2 and N. Sarukura2
1) Institute of Physics, VAST, 2) Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Japan

Intensity (arb.units)

(a)

Wa
vele
ngth
(nm
)

s)
Time (n(c)

FWHM 0.002 nm

Wavelength (nm)Intensity (photons cm-2)(b)

Intensity (photons cm-2)

SUMMARY
A scheme for generating two tunable narrow linewidthlaser emissions simultaneously using a double Littman
resonator configuration with a single laser gain medium
and minimal optical components was proposed. The
scheme was tested in the UV region using a Ce:LiCAF
crystal as laser gain medium by solving the rateequations extended to multiple wavelengths of a systemof two homogeneously broadened singlet states. Our
results show that a wide tuning range of about 37 nm,
from 278 to 315 nm with a peak emission at around288.500 nm, is possible. By using a grating inside theresonator, a very narrow linewidth of about 2 pm forboth emission wavelengths could be achieved. The
tuning range of the Ce:LiCAF laser in combination withthe very narrow linewidth fits perfectly therequirements for measuring the concentration ofpollutant O3 and SO2 gases in the atmosphere using
DIAL, where no other existing laser system could
achieve.

FWHM 0.002 nm

Wavelength (nm)FIG. Three-dimensional spectral and temporal profiles of thetwo emission wavelengths from a double Littman resonator.
Spectral profile of the two emission wavelengths. The
linewidth of both emissions is 2 pm.
-80-㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ᶵ⬟ᛶ᭷ᶵ⤖ᬗ๰ᡂἲࡢ㛤Ⓨྜྷᕝ ὒྐ1,2,3
1) ᇸ⋢኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ 3)኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉SUMMARYᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ⤖ᬗ໬ไᚚἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㧗ᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ་⸆ရࡸ㟁ẼගᏛ⣲Ꮚࡢ⤖ᬗࢆ๰〇ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࠶ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥᢏ⾡ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᵝࠎ࡞᭷ᶵᮦᩱࡢ⤖ᬗ᰾Ⓨ⏕ࡸ⤖ᬗᡂ㛗ࢆไᚚࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢࣃࣝࢫ᫬㛫ᖜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⤖ᬗ᰾Ⓨ⏕ࡢ☜⋡ࡀ኱ࡁࡃኚ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ ᕳࡁᡂ㛗ࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛᭷ᶵ㟁ẼගᏛ⤖ᬗࡢᡂ㛗ࢆಁ㐍࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࢆぢฟࡋࡓࠋ୍㒊ᡂᯝࡣ᪤࡟ㄽᩥ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢞ
✏ࡋࠊ⌧ᅾᰝㄞ୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ᶅ֫൅ਫ਼੏‫ޜ‬ϏϩηϪʖδʖᶆ݃ধ੔ௗ੏‫ޜ‬ϏϩηϪʖδʖΫϡϑτʖεϥϱ
ώϔϩͶΓΖ֫൅ਫ਼ࣙ൅దͶಚΔΗ͵͏‫ܙ‬য়ʀγ΢θΝ༙ͤΖ‫ؽ‬೵੓݃ধʤు‫ָ݃ޭـ‬ধ͵ʹʥ͹૓੣
FIG.
ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ⤖ᬗ໬㸦᰾Ⓨ⏕࣭⤖ᬗᡂ㛗㸧ࡢไᚚἲࡢཎ⌮-81-᪂ወᒙ≧」ྜ࢔ࢽ࢜ࣥ໬ྜ≀ࢆẕᮦ࡜ࡋࡓ᪂つ⺯ගయࡢ㛤Ⓨᒾబ♸ᕼ ࠊᒣࣀ஭⯟ᖹ ࠊⲶ㔝ᣅ1) ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ, 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY」ᩘࡢ࢔ࢽ࢜ࣥࢆྵࢇࡔ↓ᶵ໬ྜ≀࡛࠶ࡿࠊ」ྜ
࢔ࢽ࢜ࣥ໬ྜ≀ࢆẕᮦ࡜ࡋࡓ᪂つ⺯ගయ㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ≉␗࡞㓄఩⎔ቃࢆᣢࡘ᪂≀㉁࡛࠶ࡿ
%D<2&O࡟ᑐࡋࠊ(Xࢆῧຍࡋࡓࢧࣥࣉࣝࡢ⺯ග≉ᛶࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋྑᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡟⣸እ⥺ບ㉳࡟ࡼࡾ㉥ⰍⓎගࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࢧࣥࣉ࡛ࣝࡣ(X ࡢ☢
Ẽ཮ᴟᏊ㑄⛣࡜㟁Ẽ཮ᴟᏊ㑄⛣ࡀྠ᫬࡟ほ ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᑐ↷ⓗ࡞㓟⣲㓄఩ࢆᣢࡕ࡞ࡀࡽࠊሷ
⣲ࡢ㠀ᑐ⛠ⓗ࡞㓄఩ࡢ≉ᛶࢆ཯ᫎࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ
ศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⺯ගయࡣ㸣ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ㧗࠸㔞Ꮚ཰⋡ࢆ♧ࡋࠊ㉥Ⰽ⺯ගయ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢά⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ

FIG. %D<2&O(Xࡢບ㉳࣭Ⓨගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ

-82-

」ྜ࢔ࢽ࢜ࣥ໬ྜ≀ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓບ㉳ᏊⓎගᮦᩱࡢ㛤ⓎⲶ㔝 ᣅ1㸪ᒾబ♸ᕼ1㸪ᮏ㒓◊ኴ2㸪๓ᅬᾴ2㸪ᒣࣀ஭⯟ᖹ3 㸪ΎỈಇᙪ3㸪⊷಴ಙᙪ31) ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸪 2) ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY࢔ࢽ࢜ࣥ✀ࡀྠ୍໬ྜ≀୰࡟」ᩘྵࡲࢀࡿࠕ」ྜ࢔ࢽ࢜ࣥ໬ྜ≀ࠖࡣ㸪≉␗࡞㓄఩ᵓ㐀ࡸ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡕ㸪᪂ᮦᩱࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍࣉࣛࢵࢺࣇ࢛࣮࣒࡜
ࡋ࡚ὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡣ୍⯡࡟ከඖ⣔࡛࠶ࡾࠊ」ᩘࡢ┦ࡀ⏕ᡂࡋ࠺ࡿሙྜࠊ࠸ࡎࢀ
ࡢ┦ࡀ⏕ᡂࡍࡿ࠿ࡣ⮬࡛᫂ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
௒ᅇᡃࠎࡣࠊ≉࡟㏆࠸ᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡘSr3Sc2Ag2Se2O5
ཬࡧSr2Sc2AgSeO3࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊDFTィ⟬࡟ࡼࡿᏳᐃ┦ࡢண ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋྑᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ⤌ᡂࢆྜࢃࡏ
ࡓୖ࡛⏕ᡂ࢚ࣥࢱࣝࣆ࣮ࢆẚ㍑ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊ
Sr2Sc2AgSeO3ࡀ᭱Ᏻᐃ┦࡜ࡢ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇ
ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊィ⟬⛉Ꮫ࡟ࡼࡾ」ྜ࢔ࢽ࢜ࣥ໬ྜ≀ࡢ⏕ᡂ┦ࢆண ྍ⬟࡞ࡇ࡜ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ௒ᚋᐇ
㦂ⓗ࡟᳨ドࡋ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ(I)

Sr+3SrO+Sc2O3+2Ag+2Se

ǻHI-II = 5.13 eV
(II)

(III)

Sr3Sc2Ag2Se2O5 + SrO
2Sr2Sc2AgSeO3

ǻHII-III = 0.11 eV

Fig. ฟⓎཎᩱ䚸Sr3Sc2Ag2Se2O5 ཬ䜃Sr2Sc2AgSeO3ͨΗͩΗ͹ਫ਼੔Φϋϩάʖ‫ࢋܯ‬஍ɽૌ੔Ν߻ΚͦΖͪΌనٕ
SrO౵͹ਫ਼੔Φϱνϩϒʖ౵ΝՅ͓ͱ͏Ζɽ
-83-ΰᬗ໬ࡋࡓNd:CaF2㏱᫂ࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫᮦᩱࡢ㛤Ⓨ୰㔝ேᚿ㸪⸨ᒸຍዉ
㏆␥኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㸪኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
1.2
1

(a)

Nd,La:CaF2
LHG-8 glass

0.8

NearlyFlat-top
spectrum

0.6
0.4

(b)
J-O parameters:(2) :(4) :(6)This workVem

0.464 3.56 3.48 2.6

Nd,La:CaF2 X’tal1) 0.480 2.53 3.74 --Nd,Y:CaF2 X’tal2) 0.450 2.21 4.23 2.4

0.2
0
1000

LHG-8 glass3)
1050

1100

4.4

1150

5.1 5.5 3.6

unit: 10-20 cm2

Wavelength (nm)Emission cross section (10 -20 cm2)

Nd,La:CaF2㏱᫂ࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫࡣࠊᗈᖏᇦ࣭㧗⧞
ࡾ㏉ࡋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮፹㉁࡜ࡋ࡚ᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊࡛ࡣࠊ୍ᣓྜᡂࡋࡓNdxLayCa1-x-yF2+x+y⢊యࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ↝⤖ࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ㏱᫂໬࡟
ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ
྾཰࣭⺯ගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࠿ࡽㄏᑟᨺฟ᩿㠃✚ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆホ౯ࡋࠊCaF2⤖ᬗཬࡧࣜࣥ㓟࢞ࣛࢫẕᮦ(LHG-8)࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩(1~3)࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ
Nd,La:CaF2㏱᫂ࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫࡀLDບ㉳㉸㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟㐺ࡋࡓᮦᩱ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ
ࡓࠋ

Normalized intensity

SUMMARY

3.0
2.5

(c)

Judd-Ofelt theory
Füchtbauer-Ladenburg formula

2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

Wavelength (nm)ࢹ࣮ࢱẚ㍑ࡋࡓᩥ⊩1) S. A. Payne, et al., J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 8, 726 (1991).
2) D. Jiang, et al., Cryst. Eng. Comm.,17, 7398 (2015).
3) P. R. Ehrmann and J. H. Campbell, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 85, 1061 (2002).

Figure/Table (a) LHG-8࡜ࡢ⺯ගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝẚ㍑, (b) JuddOfelt ᙉᗘࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱཬࡧࣆ࣮ࢡㄏᑟᨺฟ᩿㠃✚ (Vem) ࡢᩥ⊩್࡜ࡢẚ㍑, (c) ㄏᑟᨺฟ᩿㠃✚ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ.
-84-࣍࢘㓟⣔㠀⥺ᙧගᏛ⤖ᬗࡢ㧗ရ㉁࣭኱ᆺ໬
᳃ຬ௓1㸪ྜྷᮧᨻᚿ21) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY㠀⥺ᙧගᏛ⤖ᬗCsLiB6O10㸦CLBO㸧ࡢ኱ᆺ໬ࢆ
㐍ࡵࠊ㔜㔞1.5kgࡢ㉸኱ᆺ⤖ᬗࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋ῝⣸እගἼ㛗ኚ᥮≉ᛶ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ኱㜰኱Ꮫࠊࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣟࢽ
ࢡࢫ㸦ᰴ㸧࡜୕⳻㟁ᶵ㸦ᰴ㸧࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ἴ㛗266nmࠊᖹᆒฟຊ10Wࡢࣆࢥ⛊ࣃࣝࢫ῝⣸
እගࢆⓎ⏕ࡋࠊ5000᫬㛫௨ୖࡢ㐃⥆ືస࡟ୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚ᡂຌࡋࡓ[Opt. Lett. Vol.45, 2351 (2020)]ࠋࡲ
ࡓࠊ኱ᆺ⤖ᬗ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ⥳Ⰽග⏝➨㸰㧗ㄪἼⓎ⏕⣲
Ꮚ࡜ࡋ࡚CLBO⤖ᬗ࡛ࡣୡ⏺᭱኱ࡢ70mmゅ᩿㠃ࡢ㉸኱ᆺ⣲Ꮚࢆస〇ࡋࡓࠋ

FIG. Ἴ㛗266nmࠊᖹᆒฟຊ10Wࡢ5000᫬㛫㐃⥆㐠㌿⤖ᯝࠋᤄධᅗࡣヨ㦂㛤ጞ᫬࡜⤊஢᫬ࡢ✵㛫ࣅ࣮࣒ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ♧ࡍࠋOpt. Lett. Vol.45, 2351 (2020)ࡼࡾᘬ⏝ࠋ
-85-

㏱ගᛶࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱࡢ๰〇㯮⃝ಇ௓1㸪⸨ᒸຍዉ21) ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᨺᑕ⥺᳨ฟ⣲Ꮚ࡛࠶ࡿࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱࡸ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
⣲Ꮚ࡜࠸ࡗࡓⓎගయ࡟ࡣ㛗ࡽࡃ༢⤖ᬗࡀ฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ༢⤖ᬗᮦᩱ࡛ࡣᚲ↛ⓗ࡟⏕ࡌࡿⓎග㈿ά๣࡞࡝ࡢῧຍᮦࡢ೫ᯒ࡟క࠺⤖ᬗ୙ᆒ୍
ᛶࡀࠊⓎග≉ᛶ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍⅬࡀᣦ᦬ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ
ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣࠊ㏱ගᛶࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫ࡟ὀ
┠ࡋࡓࠋ≉࡟Hfࢆྵࡴ㓟໬≀ࡣཎᏊ␒ྕࡀ኱ࡁ࠸
ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ㧗࠸࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢ᳨ฟຠ⋡ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࡀࠊ
ࡑࡢ⼥Ⅼࡀ㧗࠸ࡓࡵࠊ༢⤖ᬗྜᡂࡣ⡆༢࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ
ࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫྜᡂࡀ᭷฼࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣࠊࢭ
࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫྜᡂ࡜ࡑࡢホ౯ࢆࠊ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣭ᮾ໭኱
Ꮫඹྠ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊFIGࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ┤⥺㏱㐣⋡࡛ᩘ㸣⛬ᗘࡢ㏱᫂ᗘࢆᣢࡘHf㓟໬≀㸦Ceῧ
ຍSrHfO3㸧ࡢྜᡂ࡟ᡂຌࡋࠊᙜヱ᪉ἲ࣭ᮦᩱ࡜ࡋ
࡚᭱㧗ࡢ㏱㐣⋡ࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ┠ᶆ࡜࡞ࡿⓎ
FIG. ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࡛ྜᡂࡋࡓCeῧຍSrHfO3ࡢ┤⥺㏱㐣⋡ࢫග㔞ࡶ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
࣌ࢡࢺࣝ

-86-

㧗㍤ᗘ㧗㏿㉥Ⰽ࣭㏆㉥እⓎගయࡢ᥈⣴ᒣ㊰᫭ᗈ1㸪ᑠ⋢⩧ᖹ1㸪಴ᔱభኴᮁ1㸪㯮⃝ಇ௓1㸪⸨ᒸຍዉ21) ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᨺᑕ⥺ࡢධᑕ࡟ࡼࡿ㟁㞳⌧㇟࡛Ⓨගࡍࡿࢩࣥࢳ
࣮ࣞࢱࡣࠊඖ᮶ࠊ⣸እ⥺㹼⥳ⰍⓎගࡢᮦᩱࡀ୺࡛
࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢⓎග㔞ࡣ㢌ᡴࡕࡢ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ↓ᶵ≀ࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱ࡛ࡣࣂࣥࢻᵓ㐀ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࠊࣂࣥ
ࢻࢠࣕࢵࣉ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡜Ⓨග㔞ࡣ཯ẚ౛㛵ಀ࡟࠶ࡿࠋࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣࠊⓎග㔞ࡢቑ኱ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ࠊࡼࡾ
ࣂࣥࢻࢠࣕࢵࣉ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡚ࡶᾘගࡋ࡞
࠸㸦ఏᑟᖏ࡜Ⓨග୰ᚰࡢບ㉳‽఩ࡀ⿕ࡽ࡞࠸㸧ࡼ࠺ࠊ㉥ⰍⓎගࡢ඲ࡃ᪂ࡋ࠸ᮦᩱࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆඹྠ࡛㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᖺᗘࡣࠊࡑࡢࣃ࢖ࣟࢵࢺࢱ࢖ࣉ࡜࡞
ࡿᮦᩱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ࣐࢖ࢡࣟᘬࡁୗࡆἲ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿ
⤖ᬗ⫱ᡂ᪉ἲ࡛᥈⣴ࡋࡓ㸦FIG㸧ࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ㏱᫂࡞༢⤖ᬗ㒊ศࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ600 nm௨ୖࡢ㛗Ἴ㛗Ⓨගయࡢྜᡂ࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ

̓̾̾

FIG. 㛤Ⓨ୰ࡢ㉥ⰍⓎගࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱࡢ෗┿-87-㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ⛉Ꮫࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࢹ࣮ࢱࣅࣜࢸ࢕࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲఍㛤ദ᪥᫬㸸㸰㸮㸰㸯ᖺ㸱᭶㸯㸶᪥㸦ᮌ㸧㸷㸸㸳㸮㹼㸯㸵㸸㸮㸮ࠊ㛤ദሙᡤ㸸࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥ㸦zoom౑⏝)◊✲఍௦⾲㸸㛗཭ⱥኵ㸦኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸧㛗᫬㛫┦ᑐㄽⓗ䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬┦஫స⏝䛸◊✲఍ᴫせ㸸 ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦ ᒾ⏣ኟᘺ ኱㜰኱Ꮫ䜲䜸䞁ຍ㏿ᗘ⛉Ꮫ࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ◊✲⪅ࡀ୍ᇽ࡟㧗ᮌᝆྖ㻖 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ㔜ᅇᖐศᯒ䜢⏝䛔䛯㼀㻺㻿㻭䛻䜘䜛䜲䜸䞁ຍ㏿఍ࡋࠊ᝟ሗ஺᥮ࡀ⾜࠼ࡿሙࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ
䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ண ᘧ䛾ᑟฟࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࢹ࣮ࢱ◊✲ࡢάᛶ໬ࢆ ྂἙ⿱அ 䝺䞊䝄䞊⥲◊ ㉸▷䝟䝹䝇䝺䞊䝄䞊䛸㔠ᒓ䛾┦஫స⏝䛾⌮ᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ≉࡟ࠊ㛵㐃◊✲⪅࡜ࡢ᝟ㄽⓗ◊✲┦ᑐㄽⓗ䝢䝁⛊䝺䞊䝄䞊䛻䜘䜛ᅛయ䝥䝷䝈䝬ሗඹ᭷ࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻඹྠ㛤Ⓨࠊࢥ࣮ ᮾ┤ᶞ㻖㻖 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ䛾⇕ᣑᩓⓗຍ⇕ࢻඹ⏝ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࣅࣜࢸ࢕࡟㛵ࡍࡿᖜᗈ࠸ㄢ㢟࡟ᑐ㧗ᐦᗘ䞉ᙉ☢ሙ୰䛾㧗㏿㟁Ꮚ㍺㏦
ࡋࠊᵝࠎ࡞ྍ⬟ᛶࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿሙࢆタࡅࡿࠋඹྠ◊ ᇛ㷂▱⮳ ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ⡆᫆䝣䜷䝑䜹䞊䝥䝷䞁䜽᪉⛬ᘧ㻹㻝䝰䝕䝹䛻䜘✲࡬ࡢⓎᒎࡶど㔝࡟ධࢀࠊᑗ᮶ⓗ࡞◊✲ᡂᯝ࡟⤖ ᯇᕝᩄᚨ㻖 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ䜛㧗㏿㟁Ꮚ⇕ὶ᮰ゎἲࡧࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࠋ㧗ᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䜢⏝䛔䛯㔜㔠ᒓⷧ⭷ຍ⇕䛻ලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊẚ㍑ⓗ㛗࠸᫬㛫ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉࣛࢬ ᮡᮏ 㤾㻖㻖 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ䛚䛡䜛◳㼄⥺㍽ᑕ䛾ᙳ㡪࣐┦஫స⏝ࡢ≀⌮ᶵᵓࡢゎ᫂ࠊTNSA࡟ࡼࡿ࢖࢜
బ䚻ᮌ᫂ 㔞◊ᶵᵓ㛵す 䝇䝈䛛䜙㔜ඖ⣲䛾ከ౯䜲䜸䞁䛾㻱㼁㼂䝇䝨䜽䝖䝹ࣥຍ㏿ࡢண ࡢᐃ㔞໬ࡢヨࡳࠊ㧗ᐦᗘ୰ࡢ㟁Ꮚ⇕䛾㉳※ᣑᩓ࡟ࡼࡿຍ⇕ࣉࣟࢭࢫࠊᙉ☢ሙ୰ࡢຍ⇕ຠ⋡ࡢ ℩ᡞ្኱ 㻱㻸㻵㻙㻺㻼㠀⥺ᙧ䝁䞁䝥䝖䞁ᩓ஘䛾೫ග౫Ꮡᛶ
ྥୖ࡞࡝ࠊ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ㡿ᇦࡢᩘ್ゎᯒ◊✲ ⏿ᫀ⫱኱㜰኱Ꮫᙉ☢ሙ୰䛾䝩䜲䝑䝇䝷䞊Ἴఏ᧛䛻䛚䛡䜛䝟䝹࡟㛵ࡍࡿሗ࿌ࡀከࡃ࡞ࡉࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉࡛ࠊẚ㍑ⓗప䝇㛗ไ㝈㡿ᇦ࡛ࡶࣉࣛࢬ࣐໬ࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ 㛗཭ⱥኵ ኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛸ᐇ㦂䛾䝕䞊䝍ྠ໬ࢩࣙࣥࡢ㞴ࡋࡉࡶ㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
⾲㸸◊✲఍Ⓨ⾲Ặྡ࣭㢟┠୍ぴ ࡇࡢ࠺ࡕࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡣࣉࣛࢬ࣐ᐇ㦂࡜ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢࢹ࣮ࢱྠ໬࡟
㸲ྡ㸦*๓ᮇㄢ⛬㸰ྡࠊ**ᚋᮇㄢ⛬㸰ྡ㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊィ ࡀ௓ᅾࡍࡿࡓࡵཎᏊ㐣⛬≀⌮ࡶ㔜ࡑࡢ௚ࠊ⫈ㅮ⪅㸷ྡ㸦ᗈᓥ኱㸱ྡࠊ኱㜰኱㸰ྡࠊ᰾⼥ྜせ࡞せ⣲࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡣࡇࢀ࡟᝟ሗ⛉Ꮫࢆ௓ࡋࡓྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ◊ࠊᒸᒣ኱Ꮫࠊ⏘⥲◊ࠊཎ◊ᩔ㈡ྛ㸯ྡ㸧ࠊィ㸰㸮ྡ࡛
࠶ࡗࡓࠋ
-88-

㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ຍᕤࡢ⤫ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ㛤Ⓨ
ྂἙ⿱அ1, 㛗཭ⱥኵ2,୕㛫ᅞ⯆2,▮ⰼ୍ᾈ31)࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ, 3)⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮400

SUMMARY300

ᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊ㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ຍᕤ࡟࠾࠸࡚㠀ᖖ࡟㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠕึᮇࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜ᅛయࡢ┦஫స200

ㄏ㟁ᛂ⟅㛵ᩘ

⏝ࠖࡢゎ᫂࡟ὀどࡋࡓࠋᅛయ⤖ᬗ୰ࡢ㟁ᏊࡢἼື㛵ᩘࡣࠊࣈࣟࢵ࣍ࡢᐃ⌮࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ㛵ᩘᙧࢆᣢࡕࠊࣂࣥࢻᵓ㐀ࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࠋ
ᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ሙ࡜┦஫స⏝ࡍࡿ㟁Ꮚ≧ែࢆグ㏙ࡍࡿ⡆᫆ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࢡ࣮ࣟࢽࢵࣄ࣭࣌
ࢽ࣮ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊࣂࣥࢻᵓ㐀ཬࡧἼື㛵ᩘࢆ

100

⹫㒊

0
-100

ᐇ㒊

-200

ồࡵࠊஂಖබᘧࡼࡾ」⣲ㄏ㟁㛵ᩘࢆồࡵࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ྾཰㛗➼ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊTDDFTࢩ࣑ࣗ-300࣮ࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥồࡵࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ྾཰㛗࡜ࡢẚ㍑࣭
᳨ウ࡞࡝ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ0

1
2
3ගᏊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ (eV)4ࢡ࣮ࣟࢽࢵࣄ࣭࣌ࢽ࣮ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝᚓࡽࢀࡓࠊ
ࣂࣥࢻᵓ㐀ཬࡧἼື㛵ᩘࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊஂಖබᘧࡼࡾồࡵࡓ࢔࣑ࣝࢽ࣒࢘ࡢ」⣲ㄏ㟁㛵ᩘࠋ
-89-࢜ࣃࢩࢸ࢕ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿබ㛤ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ㛤Ⓨᘅ℩㔜ಙ1㸪బ㔝Ꮥዲ21) ᅜ❧◊✲㛤Ⓨἲேᾏὒ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᒁᡤ⇕ᖹ⾮ࢆ௬ᐃࡋࡓ㍽ᑕὶయຊᏛィ⟬࡛ࡣࠊᗘ࣭ᅽຊࡢ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝ໬࢜ࣃࢩࢸ࢕ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࡢࣃࣈࣜࢵࢡ࡞ࢸ࣮ࣈ
ࣝࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿࡀࠊ ᗘ࣭ᅽຊᇦࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶ◊✲┠ⓗ࡜୍⮴ࡍࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸ࡋࠊࣈࣛࢵࢡ࣎ࢵࢡࢫ
໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⅬࡶၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡀ⏝ពࡍࡿ໬Ꮫ✀ศᅽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ࠿ࡽ࢜ࣃࢩ
ࢸ࢕ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿබ㛤ࢥ࣮ࢻࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋ࢜ࣃࢩࢸ࢕ࢯ࣮ࢫࡣ඲࡚ࣃࣈࣜࢵࢡࡢࡶࡢࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡲࡓࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡀ◊✲┠ⓗ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚⮬⏤࡟࢜ࣃࢩࢸ࢕ࢯ࣮ࢫࢆಟṇ࣭ኚ᭦࣭㏣ຍࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
๓ᥦ࡟㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ

FIG.
࢜ࣃࢩࢸ࢕ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࡢฟຊ౛ࠋࣟࢫࣛࣥࢻᖹᆒ
㸦ᕥୖ㸧ࠊࣉࣛࣥࢡᖹᆒ㸦ᕥୗ㸧ࠊ㸰 ᗘࣉࣛࣥࢡᖹᆒ
㸦ྑୖ㸸㍽ᑕ ᗘࡣ6000K㸧
-90-ࣜࣄࢺ࣐࢖࣮࣭࣓ࣖࢩࣗࢥࣇ୙Ᏻᐃᛶ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⏺㠃࡜ࣂࣝࢡࡢ㠀⥺ᙧ┦஫స⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ᯇᒸ༓༤኱㜰ᕷ❧኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉SUMMARYࣜࣄࢺ࣐࢖࣮࣭࣓ࣖࢩࣗࢥࣇ୙Ᏻᐃᛶ (RMI)࡟࠾
ࡅࡿࠊ⏺㠃㸦 ᒙ㸧࡜ࣂࣝࢡ ࡜ࡢ㠀⥺ᙧ┦஫స⏝ࢆ ἲ࡜࿧ࡤࢀࡿゎᯒ᪉ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚⌮ㄽⓗ࡟ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋึᮇ್࡟ᅽ⦰ᛶࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓゎᯒゎ㸦⥺ᙧཝᐦゎ㸧ࢆධࢀ࡚ᩘ್ィ⟬ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࣂࣝࢡ ࡢᏑᅾ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⥺ᙧẁ㝵㸦ึᮇẁ㝵㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣRMI
ࡀᢚไࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢᢚไࡢᗘྜ࠸
ࡣධᑕ⾪ᧁἼࡀᙉ࠸࡯࡝኱ࡁ࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㠀⥺ᙧẁ㝵࡛ࡣࠊ ᒙ㸫ࣂࣝࢡ ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡾ⏺㠃ࡢࢫࣃ࢖ࢡࡀࡼࡾᡂ㛗ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ
⤖ᯝࡣࠊࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿRMIࡢࡼ࠺࡞ὶయ୙
Ᏻᐃᛶࡢไᚚ࣭ᢚไ࡟ᙺ❧ࡘࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
[C. Matsuoka, K. Nishihara and F. Cobos-Campos,
PoP, 27, 112301 (2020)]

FIG. ࣂࣝࢡ ࢆకࡗࡓRMI࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⏺㠃ࡢ᫬㛫Ⓨᒎ.
㸦ᕥ㸧t = 2, 㸦ྑ㸧t = 4. ࣮࢝ࣛࣂ࣮ࡣ ᙉࡉ㸦㉥ࡀ཯᫬ィᅇࡾࠊ㟷ࡀ᫬ィ࿘ࡾ㸧ࠊ▮༳ࡣ㏿ᗘሙࢆ⾲ࡍࠋ⏺㠃࡟㏆࠸ࣂࣝࢡ ࡣࡉࡽ࡟⏺㠃࡟㏆࡙ࡁ⏺㠃ᙧ≧࡟኱ࡁ࡞ᙳ
㡪ࢆཬࡰࡍࡀࠊ⏺㠃࠿ࡽ㐲ࡃ࡟࠶ࡿࣂࣝࢡ 㸦⏺㠃ୖ㒊㸧ࡣึᮇ఩⨨࠿ࡽ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ື࠿࡞࠸ࠋ⏺㠃ࡢึᮇᙧ≧ࡣy = 0 (flat, t = 0)࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

-91-

Numerical modeling of plasma facing materials◁ཎ ῟㸪ᇛᓮ▱⮳㸪すཎຌಟ㸪ᮾཱྀṊྐ㸪኱す┤ᩥ㸪ᒣᮏ┤Ⴙ㸪᳃⏣ኴᬛ㸪㛗཭ⱥኵ ࣃࢴ࣮ࣗ኱Ꮫ㸪 ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ㸪 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ㸪 Ᏹ㒔ᐑ኱Ꮫ㸪 ᮾ໭኱Ꮫ㸪 ஑ᕞ኱ᏛSUMMARY➨୍ቨࡢㅖ㐣⛬ࢆ⤫୍ⓗ࡟ᢅ࠺ᩘ್ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ
ࢩࣙࣥࡢ㛤Ⓨࡣ⌧㇟ࡢ」㞧ࡉ࡟㉳ᅉࡋ࡚ࠊᮍࡔᐇ
⏝ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢᩚഛࠊ⌧㇟ࡢᐃ㔞ⓗ⌮ゎࡣ༑ศ࡛࡞
࠸ࠋᡃࠎࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࠊ(89ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࠊቨ◊✲➼ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࢆ㏻ࡌࠊ➨୍ቨࢆྵࡴ⣔ࢆ࣐ࢡࣟ࡟ྲྀࡾᢅ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟୍ḟඖཬࡧ஧ḟඖࡢ㍽ᑕὶయࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢔
ࣝࣇ࢓⢏Ꮚ࡟ධᑕ࡟క࠺ቨෆ㒊ࡢⅬḞ㝗⏕ᡂ࡜࠸࠺ࠊ࣑ࢡࣟ⌧㇟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣศᏊືຊᏛࢥ࣮ࢻࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚ࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽ࣐ࢡࣟࠊ
࣑ࢡࣟ୧㠃࠿ࡽࡢࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢࢆ⤫ྜࡍࡿ๓࡟ࠊྛ
ࣔࢹࣝࡢ᭷ຠᛶࠊጇᙜᛶࢆ༑ศ࡟☜ㄆࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᖺᗘࡣ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ஧ḟඖ㍽ᑕὶయࢥ࣮ࢻ
ࢆᵝࠎ࡞ᐇ㦂᮲௳࡟㐺⏝ࡋࠊ⌧㇟ࡢゎᯒࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ᭷ຠᛶࠊጇᙜᛶࡢ☜ㄆࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ≉࡟ẚ㍑ⓗపᙉᗘ:FPࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᙉ
ᗘᇦ࡛ᐇ≧ែ᪉⛬ᘧࢆྵࡴ࣐ࢡࣟࣔࢹࣝࡢ᭷ຠᛶ
ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊᐇ㦂್࡜ィ⟬್ࡢᕪ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ⣲㐣⛬᳨࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᅗ㸸࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ↷ᑕࡋࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࣆ࣮ࢡࢱ࢖࣑ࣥࢢࠊ+5ns , +10ns ࡢ㟁Ꮚ ᗘࠊ࢖࢜ࣥᐦ
ᗘࠊx(ྑ᪉ྥ)㏿ᗘࡢィ⟬ࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࠋࡇࢀࢆࢺ࣒ࢯ
ࣥᩓ஘࡞࡝ࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ヲ⣽࡟ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ
-92-ගᏛᮦᩱࠊගᏛⷧ⭷ࡢᦆയᶵᵓࡢࣃ࣮ࢥ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡿゎᯒబࠎᮌ ᫂㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ࣭㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYᮏඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࠊ㔞Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ᢏ⾡ࡢ୰࡛㔜せ࡞ගᏛᦆയࠊࡑࢀࢆྵࡴᨺ㟁⌧㇟ࡢ」㞧
࡞᣺ࡿ⯙࠸ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࣃ࣮ࢥ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࣔࢹ
ࣝ࡟ࡼࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ᫖ᖺࡲ
࡛⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓࠊᨺ㟁፹㉁ࢆ᢬ᢠࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡛⾲ࡋࡓࣔࢹࣝࢆࠊࡼࡾ⌧ᐇ࡟㏆࡙ࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᅗࡢ
ࡼ࠺࡟᢬ᢠ࡜㟼㟁ᐜ㔞ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡛⾲ࡋࡓࣔࢹࣝ࡟ኚ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࠊ፹㉁ࡢ≀ᛶࠊྛ᢬ᢠࠊ
㟼㟁ᐜ㔞ࡢ್ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢ↷ᑕࡸእ㒊࠿ࡽࡢ㟁ᅽࡀ༳ຍࡉࢀࡓ᫬࡟ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟㟁Ⲵࡀ⵳✚ࡉࢀࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟⤯⦕◚ቯࡀ㉳ࡇࡿ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿሙ
ᡤ࡛㉳ࡇࡗࡓ⤯⦕◚ቯࡀࠊ࿘ᅖ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᗈࡀ
ࡿ࠿࡞࡝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⌮ㄽⓗ࡟᳨ウࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆඖ࡟ࣔ
ࢹࣝࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢥࣟࢼ⚝࡟࠾࠸࡚ඹྠ◊✲ࢆ෇⁥࡟㐍ࡵࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺ࠊJavaゝㄒ࡟ࡼࡿࣉࣟ
ࢢ࣒ࣛ㛤ⓎࠊPythonゝㄒ࡟ࡼࡿྍど໬ࠊࢡࣛ࢘ࢻ
ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᝟ሗඹ᭷ࠊSNSࡸࢸࣞࣅ఍㆟࡟ࡼࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶᐇ㝿࡟౑࠺ࡇ
࡜ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚฼⏝⎔ቃࡢᩚഛࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㸦ᅗ㸧ᨺ㟁⌧㇟ࢆࣃ࣮ࢥ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ᢅ࠺ࣔࢹࣝࡢ➼౯ᅇ㊰ࠋ፹㉁ࢆࢭ࡛ࣝ⾲ࡋࠊྛࢭࣝࡣ┤ิ࡟᥋⥆ࡉࢀࡓ᢬ᢠ࡜㟼㟁ᐜ㔞࠿ࡽ࡞ࡾࠊ⤯⦕◚ቯࡢⓎ⏕ࢆࢫ࢖ࢵࢳ
࡛⾲ࡍ(A.Sasaki, et al. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 55, 026101(2016))ࠋ

-93-

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㐀ᙧἲ࡟ࡼࡿࢩࣜ࢝࢞ࣛࢫᵓ㐀ᙧᡂᮏ㉺ఙ஧1㸪ᮧᯇຌᕼ2㸪ྜྷ⏣ᐇ2 㸪⸨ᒸຍዉ3㸪 ᆏᮏ㧗ಖ11) 㸦බ㈈㸧࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸪2) ㏆␥኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㸪3) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARYΪϧηන໚ͶߑଆΝ࣍ͯյ઄ޭָોࢢͺɼ༹ʓ͵Ԣ༽෾໼Ͳཤ༽͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹න໚ߑଆͺ΢ϱϕϨϱφΏɼ‫ࡡݜ‬ʀঈ‫ڊ‬Յ޽Ͳ‫ܙ‬੔͠Ηͱ͏ΖͪΌɼͨ͹੠ౕɼࣙ༟ౕͶͺ‫ݸ‬ֆ͍͗Εޭָોࢢઅ‫ܯ‬Ν੏‫ͤݸ‬ΖགྷҾͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽຌ‫Ͳڂݜ‬ͺɼεϨαʖϱ་Ͷࢷ֐ϪʖδʖޭΝ
লࣻͤΖ͞ͳͶΓΕඏࡋΪϧηߑଆ͹‫ܙ‬੔Ν໪దͶߨͮͱ͏Ζɽ2020೧ౕͺϪʖδʖলࣻ‫ޛ‬͹Ϊϧη૜޲͠ͶӪ‫ڻ‬Ν‫ͤ·ٶ‬εϨαʖϱ་͹޲͠͹࠸‫ݳ‬੓Ͷͯ͏ͱ඲Ճͪ͢ɽӊਦͺηϒψʖյ఺਼ͶଲͤΖεϨαʖϱ་͹ຜ޲ͳ۸઄ིΝࣖ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹‫ࠫޣ‬͹‫ݬ‬Ҿͺ‫خ‬൚න໚য়ସͶΓΖ͞ͳ͗෾͖ͮͪɽFIG. ࢫࣆࢼ࣮ᅇ㌿ᩘ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࢩࣜࢥࣥᇶᯈୖ࡟ሬᕸࡉ
ࢀࡓࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥἜࡢ⭷ཌ࡜ᒅᢡ⋡-94-߶ްི‫ۅ‬ఁԻྮ౜‫ؽ‬͹ࣰ‫ݳ‬Ͷ޴ͪ͜ૌ੔͹ҡ͵Ζ‫ྪౖس‬஢Կ෼͹‫ځ‬য়ࡒྋ͹֋൅ᒣᮏᏕኵ1ࠊ᭷⏣⚈ኴ㑻1 ࠊ㧗ᶫᙟከ1ࠊ⸨ᯞ ಇ1ࠊΎ㔝ᬛྐ1ࠊ୰ᕝ ㈗1ࠊ⸨ᒸຍዉ21) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY(a) Er0.75Ho0.25N㧗ฟຊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ⓎಙჾࡢᏳᐃືస࡞࡝࡟ᚲせ࡞ᾮయ࣒࣊ࣜ࢘ࢆ㧗ຠ⋡࡟ᚓࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊඃࢀࡓ⵳
෭ຠᯝࢆ♧ࡍ☢ᛶᮦᩱࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ
◊✲࡛ࡣᕼᅵ㢮❅໬≀࡛࠶ࡿErxHo1-xNࡢ᪂つ☢ᛶ⵳෭ᮦ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᡃࠎࡣࠊᮏ໬ྜ
≀ࡀᴟప ࡢ☢Ẽ㌿⛣ ᗘ㏆ഐ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚑ᮶ᮦᩱ
ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࡞☢Ẽẚ⇕ࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆぢฟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊᚑ᮶ࡣ⾲㠃ࡢพฝࡀᑡ࡞࠸⌫≧ᮦᩱࢆᚓࡿ࡟ࡣHIPἲ࡟ࡼࡾ㧗 ࣭㧗ᅽ࣭㛗᫬㛫ࡢ❅⣲㞺ᅖẼ໬⇕ฎ⌮ࡀᚲせ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊᮏ
◊✲࡛᮲௳ࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊᖖᅽ࣭▷᫬㛫࡛ࡶ⾲㠃≧ែࡀⰋዲ࡞ᕼᅵ㢮❅໬≀ࡢ⌫≧ᮦᩱࡢస〇࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ(b) ErNĭ = ~125 ȝm

ĭ = 150~180 ȝm

FIG. ᕼᅵ㢮❅໬≀ࡢ⌫≧ᮦᩱࡢ㉸㡢Ἴฎ⌮๓ᚋ࡟࠾ࡅ
ࡿSEMീࠋ(a) ᖖᅽ࣭▷᫬㛫࡛స〇ࡋࡓ⌫≧ヨᩱࠋ(b)ᚑ
᮶ࡢHIPἲ࡛స〇ࡋࡓ⌫≧ヨᩱࠋ-95-

⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿගᏛᮦᩱࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್
ᮏ㉺ఙ஧1㸪⯪஭㑈ኴᮁ2㸪ྜྷ⏣ᐇ2 㸪ྜྷᮧᨻᚿ3㸪⸨ᒸຍዉ3㸪ᐿ㔝Ꮥஂ31) 㸦බ㈈㸧࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸪2) ㏆␥኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㸪3) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY͞ΗΉͲͶɼ‫܃‬ศ͢Ϗϩηলࣻ࣎͹Ϫʖδʖଝউ͘͢͏஍͹ఁԾͳɼಃգི͹ఁԾͶͺɼ‫͏ک‬૮‫͍͗ؖ‬Εɼͨ͹གྷҾͺϪʖδʖ༢ًܿ‫߻݃࠸ͳؗ‬Ͳઈ໎Ͳ͘Ζ͞ͳ͗෾͖ͮͪɽ
2020೧ౕͺɼ‫܃‬ศ͢লࣻ࣎͹Ϊϧη͖Δ͹൅ޭ͹༹ࢢ͕Γ;෾ޭηϘέφϩΝ඲Ճ͢ɼਫ਼੔͠ΗΖܿ‫ؗ‬झྪͶͯ͏ͱ඲Ճͪ͢ɽӊਦ͹‫܃‬ศ͢Ϫʖδʖলࣻ‫ޛ‬͹੼৯൅ޭͺɼഀௗ650nmͶϒʖέΝ΍ͯɼඉՏ‫࢐ڰ‬ોܿ๣Ήͪͺգ࢐ԿϧζΩϩ͹ܿ‫ؗ‬६Ғ͖Δ͹યҢͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɽࠕ‫ޛ‬ɼ͞ΗΔ͹ܿ‫ؗ‬Νཊ੏ͤΖశՅࡒ౵Ν‫ݗ‬౾͢ɼ߶ଳྙʀௗथ
ໍԿ͹ޭָોࢢઅ‫ܯ‬Ͷ‫͗ܪ‬Ζɽ

FIG. Ἴ㛗193nm࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫࢆ⧞㏉ࡋ↷ᑕࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ
ྜᡂ▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫࡢ㏱㐣⋡ኚ໬࡜ࠊⓎගࡢᵝᏊࠋ-96-࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢼࣀࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶᨺᑕ྾཰≉ᛶྂ⏣ ᐶ1, ἑ⏣ ౡᩯ1, す᳃ ⚽ே1, ୰ᔱㄔ21) 㧗▱ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⩌, 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢼࣀࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ㸦CNT)ࡣࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ㟁☢
ሙ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࣓ࢱࣝࢼࣀࣟࢵࢻ࢔ࣥࢸࢼ࡜ࡋ࡚᣺ࡿ
⯙࠸ࠊ㍈᪉ྥ࠿ࡽࡢධᑕග࡟ᑐࡍࡿప཯ᑕ⋡ࡸࠊ㍈᪉ྥ೫ගࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼᨺᑕ࡞࡝ࣘࢽ࣮ࢡ࡞␗
᪉ᛶගᏛ≉ᛶࢆᣢࡘᮦᩱ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㧗ᐦᗘ CNT ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺෆ㒊ᵓ㐀ࡢᐦᗘ࡜㓄ྥᛶࢆ⦪࣭ᶓ᪉ྥ࡟ไ
ᚚࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ᐇຠⓗ࡞ᒅᢡ⋡ࢆኚㄪࡋ࡚ᙧᡂࡋࠊ
ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ㡿ᇦࡢ㟁☢Ἴࡢ྾཰ࢆ᭱኱໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡍࡿࠋࢼࣀࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࡢගᏛᛂ
⟅࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊᮏᖺᗘࡣホ౯ヨᩱస〇᮲௳ࡢ᥈⣴ࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓࠋྜᡂ᫬㛫౫Ꮡᛶ࡛ࡣゐ፹ࡢ࢔ࢽ࣮ࣝ᫬
㛫ࢆ4.0min࡛ᅛᐃࡋ࡚ྜᡂ᫬㛫ࢆ㸯⛊࠿ࡽ㸰㸮⛊࡟ኚ࠼ࡓᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋྜᡂ᫬㛫ࡀ㸯⛊࡜▷ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ゐ፹ࡢจ㞟ࡀせᅉ࡛୙ᆒ୍࡞CNTࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺ
ࡀᡂ㛗ࡋࡓࠋ࢔ࢽ࣮ࣝ᫬㛫ࢆFIG(b4)4.0min࠿ࡽ(b2)3.0~(b3)3.5min࡟▷⦰ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊゐ፹ᚤ⢏Ꮚࡢจ㞟ࢆᢚไ࡛ࡁᆒ୍࡞CNTࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࡀᚓࡽࢀ
ࡓࠋ௒ᚋࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶᨺᑕ྾཰≉ᛶࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࠋFIG. Cross-sectional SEM images of CNT forest (a1 - a4)
with various CVD growth time for 1 to 20 sec with constantcatalyst annealing period of 4.0min, and (b1 – b4) with theconstant CVD time of 1sec with various catalyst annealing
period of 2.5 to 4.0 min.
-97-࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊ※ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୰ᛶᏊඹ㬆㏱㐣ศᯒᢏ⾡࡟㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡞ᐃࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨ

ఀ⸨ྐဴ1㸪ᮤᅾὥ1㸪ᑠἨග⏕1㸪㧘ᶫ᫬㡢1㸪㕥ᮌ ᩄ1㸪ᘯ୰ ᾈኴ1㸪వㄒぬᩥ2㸪᭷ᕝᏳಙ2㸪Ᏻ㒊ຬ㍤21)᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ ᰾୙ᣑᩓ࣭᰾ࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸ࢕⥲ྜᨭ᥼ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣭ග㔞Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒⛉Ꮫ◊✲㒊㛛
SUMMARY୰ᛶᏊඹ㬆㏱㐣ศᯒ㸦NRTA㸧ࢆᗈࡃཎᏊຊࡢ
ᖹ࿴฼⏝ಖ㞀ᥐ⨨࡟⏝࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࢥࣥࣃࢡࢺ
࡛⢭ᗘࡢ㧗࠸TOF ᐃࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊ※㸦LDNS㸧ࡣࠊ▷࠸୰ᛶᏊࣃࣝࢫᖜ࡜Ⅼ⥺※࡜࠸࠺≉ᚩࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ
▷࠸㣕⾜㊥㞳࡛ࡢTOF ᐃ࡟᭷⏝࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
᰾≀㉁ࡢศᯒ࡟NRTA࡟㐺⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊLDNS࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓ㧗㏿୰ᛶᏊࢆࠊ▷࠸ࣃࣝࢫᖜࢆ⥔ᣢࡋࡘࡘࠊ୰ᛶᏊࢆ100eV௨ୗ࡟ῶ㏿ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࣚࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ୰ᛶᏊࢆῶ
㏿ࡍࡿࣔࢹ࣮ࣞࢱ࣮ࡢᙧ≧ࡸ⣲ᮦࡢ᳨ウࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋྑࡢᅗࡣࣔࢹ࣮ࣞࢱࡢධᑕ㒊ࡢᮦ㉁ࢆኚ࠼ࡓ
࡜ࡁࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛ࠊධᑕ୰ᛶᏊࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࡟ࡼࡾ㐺
ᙜ࡞ᮦ㉁ࢆ㑅ᢥࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ
ࡲࡓࠊ᫬㛫౫Ꮡࡢ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺⫼ᬒ஦㇟ࡀࣔࢹ࣮ࣞ
ࢱ࣮࠿ࡽᨺฟࡉࢀࠊ▷࠸㣕⾜㊥㞳࡛ࡢ72) ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࢆᢚไࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ឤᗘࡢప࠸୰ᛶᏊ᳨ฟ
ჾࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ㐍ࡵࡓࠋ

FIG. ୰ᛶᏊ※࡜࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥࣔࢹ࣮ࣞࢱ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟:ࠊ%Hཬࡧ࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥࢆධࢀࡓ᫬ࡢ୰ᛶᏊ┦ᑐᙉᗘࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ
ࡶࡢࠋධᑕ୰ᛶᏊࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡜ࠊ:ࡸ%H࡜
ࡢ QQ ཯ᛂ࡟ࡼࡾ:ࡸ%Hࡀ᭷ຠ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ
-98-ࣁ࢖ࣃ࣮࣮࣡ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢࡓࡵࡢᗈᖏᇦ࡞ㄏ㟁యከᒙ⭷࣑࣮ࣛࡢᇶᮏタィ࡬ࡢᶵᲔᏛ⩦ࡢ㐺⏝኱ஂಖ ཭㞞1㸪ᯇỌ ᰤ୍1, Ἑ௰ ‽஧2, ᐿ㔝 Ꮥஂ2, ᮏ㉺ ఙ஧3, ྜྷ⏣ ᅧ㞝2, 41)ᮾிᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ, 2)኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ, 3)࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸪4)ᒸᮏගᏛຍᕤᡤ
SUMMARY㉸ࣁ࢖ࣃ࣮࣮࣡ࣞࢨ࣮⏝ࡢㄏ㟁యከᒙ⭷࣑࣮ࣛࡢタィ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ༢⣧࡞㠀⥺ᙧ᭱㐺໬࡛ࡣせồᛶ⬟ࢆ‶ࡓࡍࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪AIࢆ
ᑟධࡋࡓ⊂⮬ࡢⷧ⭷タィࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ〇సࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪ࡲࡎࡣⷧ⭷ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᏛ⩦࡟㐺ษ࡞AIࡢᵓ㐀ࢆぢฟࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿ㸬10ᒙࡢㄏ㟁యከᒙ⭷࣑࣮ࣛ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ᒅᢡ⋡ཬࡧ⭷ཌศᕸ࡜㸪ࡑࡢ800nm࠿ࡽ900nmࡢᖹᆒ཯ᑕ
⋡࡜ࡢ㛵ಀࢆᶵᲔᏛ⩦ࡋ㸪ㄏ㟁యከᒙ⭷࣑࣮ࣛ࡟᭷ຠ࡞ࢽ࣮ࣗࣛࣝࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᶍ⣴ࡋࡓ㸬ඛ⾜◊✲࡟ࡼࡾ㸪෌ᖐⓗࢽ࣮ࣗࣛࣝࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ
(RNN)ࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵ㸪௒ᖺᗘࡣࡑࡢᶵ⬟ࢆᙉ໬ࡋࡓ㸪LSTM࡜GRU࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪LSTM㸪GRUඹ࡟㸪࢚࣏ࢵࢡᩘࡸ㞃ࢀᒙࡢᩘࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚ࡶ஧஌ᖹᆒᖹ᪉ㄗᕪࡣRNN࡜
ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࡯ࡰኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸஦ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓ㸬㏫
࡟㸪඲࡚ࢆ0࡜ண ࡍࡿ୙㐺ษ࡞Ꮫ⩦ࢆࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶ
ࡀLSTM, GRUࡣRNNࡼࡾ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ᛀ༷ᒙࡢ᭷
↓ࡀ≉࡟RMSEࡢᕪ࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

FIG. RNN, LSTM, GRU ࡢ RMSE ࡜ᡂຌ⋡ࡢẚ㍑㸬
RMSEࡣRNNࡀ᭱ࡶప࠸ࡀ኱ࡁࡃࡣኚࢃࡽࡎ㸪ኻᩋ⋡ࡣ
GRU ࡢࡳࡀ㧗࠸㸬
-99-᭶ࡢᶍᨃ◁ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᘓタᮦᩱࡢస〇⸨⏣㞞அ1,2㸪┿ᮌ 㝯ኴ㑻2㸪⏣ᓥᏕᩄ3㸪᪂ᮧ ு3㸪ඤ⋢஢♸21) ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸪3) ኱ᯘ⤌

SUMMARYᝨᫍ᥈ᰝࡸⅆᫍ⛣ఫ࡞࡝Ᏹᐂ࡛ࡢே㢮άື࡟㝿ࡋ࡚ࠊᇶᆅᘓタࢆྵࡴ࢖ࣥࣇࣛᩚഛࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᆅ⌫࠿ࡽࡢ≀㈨ࡢ㐠ᦙࡣ㧗࠸ࢥࢫࢺࡸ㍺㏦⬟
ຊࡢ㝈⏺ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊᘓタᮦᩱࢆ᭶㠃࡛ㄪ㐩ࡍࡿ஦ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋᡃࠎࡣࠊ3Dࣉࣜࣥࢱ࣮ࡢཎ⌮ࢆᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚᭶㠃⾲ᅵ㸦ࣞࢦࣜࢫ㸧ࡢᶍᨃ◁ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ❧య≀〇㐀ࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ຍ⇕࡟ࡼࡿ↝ᡂ≀ࢆ✚ᒙࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊFIG.1࡟♧ࡍᩘ cm ࣮࢜ࢲ࣮ࡢ❧య≀ࡢ〇㐀࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋJISࢀࢇࡀ2✀┦ᙜࡢᅽ⦰ᙉᗘࢆᣢࡘ❧య≀ࢆస〇࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿
࡟࡞ࡾࠊᆅ⌫ࡢ1/6⛬ᗘࡢ㔜㔞ࡢ᭶㠃࡛౑⏝࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

FIG.1 ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣮࣡ (a) 50 Wࠊ(b) 190 W࡛స〇ࡋࡓ┤
ᚄ2 cmࠊ㧗ࡉ1.8 cm⛬ᗘࡢ෇ᰕ≧ᅛᙧ≀ࠋ
-100-

NMR spectroscopy on the HD probe in the temperature region of 1~10 K and development of a solid
HD thin layer target (Final report)
M.Utsuro1, M. Nakai2, H. Kohri1, T. Ohta3, T. Konno4, A. Igashira5, and M. Fujiwara1
1) Research Center for Nuclear Phys., Osaka Univ., Japan, 2) Institute of Laser Eng., Osaka Univ., Japan,
3) Univ. of Tokyo Hospital, Japan, 4) Grad. School of Sci., Osaka Univ., Japan, 5) Fac. Law, Meiji Gakuin Univ., JapanSUMMARY

It has been theorized that the parallel polarization of D and T would facilitate
full participation in the process and significantly alter the reaction rate in thefusion process, instead of the process by only 2/3 of all possible spin alignmentsthat occur during the collision of the D and T nuclei. A test experiment fordeveloping a polarized DT laser fusion concept was proposed in which a
ferromagnetic complex with a high internal magnetic field was used to polarize
tritium nuclei on physisorbed DT molecules with an internal E-decay heat load in
a DT target. Similar heteronucleic hydrogen deuteride (HD) was used to test the
proposed concept instead of typical DT-based experiments. The Prussian blue
ferromagnetic analogue Ni3[Fe(CN)6]2 (TC=24.9 K) with a high internal magnetic
field of 270 kOe at 4.2 K was used in the experiments. The stepwise NMR
analysis of the ferromagnetic complex-mediated adsorption of HD onto activatedcarbon pellets at 10 K was conducted using a multilocular probe cell and thesimplified single-tube probe cell. The resulting 1H NMR spectra compared withthe 19F NMR spectra for reference on the KelF probe cell wall indicated that our
preparations for the present approach were completed and the way we worked
will lead us to a higher polarization at the target temperature mentioned above.
Experiments to develop a thin solid hydrogen target were also carried out.
-101-

FIG. NMR peak intensities of the
HD probe (blue points) compared to
the references (purple and pink ones)
show the effect of the complex. Leftends are at room temp.. Midway
drops at about 90 min show effects of
the influx of room-temp HD gas.

ኴ㝧ෆ㒊⇕ᑐὶࡢ㠀ᒁᡤᛶ࡜ࡑࡢ㍺㏦ࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢡࢫ࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ᨻ⏣ὒᖹ1, బ㔝Ꮥዲ21) ឡ▱ᩍ⫱኱Ꮫ, 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARYኳయࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟࠾ࡅࡿ஘ὶ㍺㏦⌧㇟ࡢከࡃࡣ㠀ᒁᡤⓗ࡞ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࡛㥑ືࡉࢀࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
㠀ᒁᡤⓗ࡞஘ὶ㍺㏦ࡢほ ྍ⬟࡞ᐇ㦂ሙࡢ୍ࡘࡀ
ኴ㝧ࡢᑐὶᒙ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊኴ㝧ᑐὶᒙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㠀ᒁᡤⓗ㍺㏦⌧㇟ࢆࣔࢹࣝ໬ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ
࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋᅗ(a)࡜(b)ࡣᮏ◊✲ࡢゎᯒᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ
ኴ㝧ෆ㒊ࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓ⇕ᑐὶࡢᩘ್ࣔࢹࣝࡢỈᖹ㠃࣭ᆶ┤㠃ศᕸ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⇕ᑐὶࡣ⾲㠃ࡢ෭༷ࡀ㥑ືࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊෆ㒊࡛⏕ࡌࡿ㍺㏦⌧㇟ࡣ㠀ᒁᡤⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗ(c)࡜(d)ࡢ㯮⥺ࡀᩘ್ࣔࢹࣝ࠿ࡽホ౯ࡋࡓ஘ὶ㉁㔞ὶ᮰࡛࠶ࡾࠊᚑ᮶ࡢ໙㓄ᣑᩓᆺࣔࢹࣝ㸦ᅗcࡢ⥳⥺㸧࡛ࡣグ㏙࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ୍᪉,ᶓ஭Ặ㸦ᮾ኱⏕⏘◊㸧ࡀᥦ᱌ࡍࡿࠕࣉ࣮࣒ࣝࡢ⛣ὶຠᯝࠖ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ⿵ṇ㡯㸦ᅗbࡢୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞㍺㏦ಀ
ᩘ㸸Yokoi 2021㸧ࢆຍ࠼ࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝ
ࡀᐃᛶⓗ࡟୍⮴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋ㠀ᒁᡤⓗ࡞㍺㏦ࡣࠊࣉࣛࢬ࣐஘ὶ୰࡛ᬑ㐢ⓗ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ⌧㇟࡛࠶ࡾࠊᮏ◊✲ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊࡑࡢ⌮ㄽⓗ࡞ࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢ᪉ἲࡢ☜❧࡬ྥࡅ࡚ࡢ➃⥴࡜࡞ࡿ࡜ᮇᚅࡉ
ࢀࡿࠋ

FIG. ⇕ᑐὶࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡜஘ὶ㍺㏦ゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ(a)࡜(b)ࡣᑐὶᒙ⾲㠃⾲㠃࡜ᆶ┤᩿㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿᑐὶࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝ
(㯮ࡀୗ㝆ὶᇦ, ⅊Ⰽ࣭ⓑࡀୖ᪼ὶᇦ࡟ᑐᛂ). (c)࡜(d)ࡣ஘ὶ㉁㔞ὶ᮰ࡢࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢ⤖ᯝ㸦ୖࡀ໙㓄ᣑᩓᆺ, ୗࡀ᪂ࡋ࠸ࣔࢹࣝ㸧-102-

Development of Sub-Teraheltz TDS Polarimetry for Cosmic microwave
Bacground Observation system኱⏣Ἠ1㸪ᮤెಇ2㸪Valynn Mag-usara2, ୰ᔱㄔ21) ⏥༡኱Ꮫ㸪⌮ᕤᏛ㒊 2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARYᏱᐂ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ⫼ᬒᨺᑕほ ⣔ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊ
500GHz௨ୗࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿගᏛ⣲Ꮚࡢホ౯ࡸࡑࡢࡓࡵࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀᛴົ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ1ᮏࡢᏳ౯࡞࣐ࣝࢳ࣮ࣔࢻ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ࢲ࢖࣮࢜ࢻࢆບ㉳ග※࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀࢆࢸࣛ࣊
ࣝࢶἼ࡟ኚ᥮ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ୖグࡢศග⏝ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ
㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ᪂ࡓ࡟ධᑕCW࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ୍㒊ࢆ
㏫ὶࡉࡏ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ඹ᣺ჾ࡟ᡠࡍࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ࢝࢜ࢫග
ࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊගࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡀ኱ࡁࡃᨵၿࡋࡓࠋ

FIG. MLD࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ฟᑕ㒊ศ୍࡛㒊ࢆMLDࡲ࡛ࣇ࢕࣮
ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡋ࢝࢜ࢫ≧ែ࡟ࡋࠊࡑࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㧗ຠ⋡࡟ගࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶኚ᥮ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋほ ࡉࢀࡓ᷸≧ࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ(ྑᅗ)ࠋ
-103-

஦੼֐ϪʖδʖͶΓΖܲ‫ݫ‬ોಋҒର෾ੵ‫֋حؽ‬൅ᒣ୰ ༓༤1) ᫬⏣ⱱᶞ2) ᰁᕝᬛᘯ3) ᶫ∎ග4) ᮧᒣ⣧ᖹ1)1) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ, 㸱)࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⥲◊,㸲㸧Ⲉᇛ኱

SUMMARYۛ೧ɼ݆‫ۅ‬ҮͶ͕͜Ζਭ͹ଚࡑ͗‫͚ک‬஭໪͠Ηͱ͕ΕɼըʓͺɼਭಋҒର͹ͨ͹৖෾ੵΝߨ͑ͪΌɼ߶‫ౕ״‬ɼ߶੠ౕͲ෾ੵՆ೵͵CRDS๑Ν༽͏ͪঘ‫ܗ‬͹ਭಋҒର෾ੵૹ஖Ν֋൅͢ͱ͏ΖɽਭોಋҒରർ‫ع‬எ͹ਭࢾྋ4झྪΝ༽͏ͱ‫ٷ‬फηϘέφϩ଎ఈΝߨͮͪɽͤ΄ͱ͹ࢾྋͶͯ͏ͱɼഀௗ1392.758nm͹DHO‫ٷ‬फતबҕͶ3ͯ͹HHOηϘέφϩΝ֮೟Ͳ͘ɼΉͪɼ֦ηϘέφϩΝvoigt‫਼ؖ‬Ν༽͏ͱϓΡρτΡϱή
͢ɼࢋड़͠ΗͪɷDʤஏ‫ځ‬ਭ͹ಋҒରͳ͹ยࠫΝනͤࢨඬʥͳ‫ع‬எࢾྋ͹஍Νർֳͪ͢‫ྖݗ‬તΝࡠ੔ͪ݃͢Վɼ௜ત‫֮͗ܐؖ‬೟Ͳͪ͘ɽ
͵͕ɼɷD͗ঘ͠͏Άʹ‫ع‬எɷDͶଲͤΖ଎ఈ݃ՎɷD͹ർ͗୉͚͘͵Ζܑ޴͗‫ݡ‬ΔΗͪɽ͞ΗͺɷD͹୉͘͏ࢾྋΝ઎Ͷ଎ఈͪ͢͞ͳͳɼ౦೘ͪ͢ࢾྋ͹ྖ͹‫Ͳܐؖ‬઴ࢾྋ͗࢔ཻ͢ͱ͏ΚΑΖϟϠϨʖްՎً͗ͮ͞ͱ͏Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɽ͞ΗΔͺ݆໚Ͳഋ‫ـ‬Ν30෾Ґ৏‫ܩ‬କͤΖͳմভͲ͘ΖɽಋҒରೳౕ‫ع‬எ͹ඬ६ࢾྋਭΝ༽͏ͪ
DHO/HHOಋҒର଎ఈ݃Վ
-104-

嵔嵤崞嵤௒ਪ峕峲峵 崣嵛崟嵛崘ૼ୒峘ৈ২৲峕ঢ়峃峵ଢ଼஢ഴ৙ ల੪ ਨ੨ ෥ౘ લ৙ ਫয পଶ აౘ ৛মਮ୲
ŔŌ୤ଢ଼ਃଡ ঢ়ਧ୾ఐ৾ଢ଼஢ਚ‫؜‬ŕŌŃপଚপ৾嵔嵤崞嵤ఐ৾ଢ଼஢ਚ

7DEOH

6800$5<5*%૭ଳ୾઄଑৬嵔嵤崞嵤峼ઞ৷峁峉崓嵑嵤/L'$5峙岝ঽ৿ઈૡ岴峲峝嵕嵄崫崰峘ঽ৿నষ৷峘த৵஑崣嵛崝嵤峒峁峐થ஦峒峔峵岞岽島峙岝崓嵉嵑峮୯ਸ峘ස৥峔峁峑෱௞೾৒峒౦௙શ峼৊ৎ峕ৰষ峑岷岝岿峳峕৊঳୾౺峮୾৾௺峼ઞ৷峁峐ස৥峮崯崋崡崿嵔崌峒঳৬৲峑岷峵峉峫岝த崛嵛崹崗崰峑ৈਃચ峘嵔嵤崞嵤ਃஓ峘ৰਠ岶૭ચ峑岬峵岵峳峑岬峵岞೑‫ر‬峙岽島峨峑/L'$5ૼ୒峘ৈ২৲峘঳୭峒峁
峐5*%/'峼৷岮峉崓嵑嵤/L'$5峼઀੧峁岝ৰਠਙ峼ৰ઒峁峐岷峉岞০৚峙岝੝ఒਡ峒峁峐岝/'ಢ崹嵓崡৲峒ਭਦ௺峘૎২਱঱岴峲峝崟嵛崘嵓嵊嵤崱/'峼ઞ৷峁岝଩୾লৡ৿੿峒峒峬峕岝峇峘೾෱્ਙ嵣ਭਦਘ২્ਙ峘਱঱峼岝
ৰਠ峁峉岞

ਉ஑
੝ఒ஑

ਉ஑

੝ఒ஑

),*

),*

7DEOHਉ஑崧崌崿峒੝ఒ崧崌崿峘૖੯ૻຎ),*୾崹嵓崡஄૾峘ૻຎ),*ਭਦਘ২峘෱௞્ਙ峘ૻຎ‫୾ق‬౺‫؟‬5*%/'‫ك‬-105-

㏱ගᛶࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨྂ℩⿱❶1㸪ᕝཎᏹᶞ1㸪⸨ᒸຍዉ2
1) ໭ぢᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARY㏱ගᛶࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫ㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛㸪ึᮇ⢊యࡢྜᡂᢏ⾡☜❧ࡣᴟࡵ࡚㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᚓࡽࢀࡓ⺯ගᚤ⢊యࡣ㸪↝⤖࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㏱᫂ࣂࣝࢡయ࡜
ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡍࡿ௨እ࡟ࡶ㸪ⓑⰍ↷᫂ࡸ་⒪ศ㔝➼࡬ࡢ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏඹྠ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪㏱ගᛶYAGࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨ㐣⛬࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ▱ぢࢆᇶ࡟㸪YAP㸦YAlO3㸧ࡢྜᡂ࡟╔ᡭࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᡭἲ☜❧ࢆヨࡳࡓ㸬YAPࡣ㓟໬≀ࡢ୰࡛ࡣẚ㍑ⓗప࠸ࣇ࢛ࣀ࢚ࣥࢿ
ࣝࢠ࣮ࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ྍど࢔ࢵࣉࢥࣥࣂ࣮ࢪࣙࣥ
⺯ගయࡸ୰㉥እ⺯ගయ࡜ࡋ࡚ᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࡀ㸪 YAPᚤ⢊యࡢᾮ┦ྜᡂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿඛ⾜◊✲ࡣᑡ࡞࠸㸬άᛶඖ⣲࡟Erࢆ㑅ᢥࡋ㸪ྍど⺯ගࡢῧຍ⃰ᗘ౫Ꮡᛶࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪1, 5, 10 at.%࡛༢┦YAP⢊యࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ࡲࡓྍど⺯ගࢆほ ࡋࡓ[1]㸬

FIG. ῧຍ⃰ᗘ1, 5, 10 at.% Er:YAPᚤ⢊యࡢྍど࢔ࢵࣉࢥࣥࣂ࣮ࢪࣙࣥ⺯ගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ [1]㸬[1] H. Kawahara, K. Fujioka, and H. Furuse, Jpn. J.
Appl. Phys. 59, 112004 (2020).
-106-㉥࣭⥳࣭㟷Ⰽ࣮ࣞࢨග※࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢫ࣌ࢵࢡࣝࡢホ౯࡜ᢚไᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ⏣㎶⛱1㸪㉺ᬛᆂ୕2 㸪 ᒣᮏ࿴ஂ21) ⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨࢆࢹ࢕ࢫࣉࣞ࢖ࡸ↷᫂࡟౑⏝ࡋࡓሙྜࠊ⊃ᖏᇦࢆ᭷ࡍࡿග※࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࢫ࣌ࢵࢡ
ࣝࣀ࢖ࢬࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࡑࡢᵝ࡞ග※ࡢⓎගⰍࡸᨺᑕ㔞ࢆ⢭ᐦ࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࢫ࣌ࢵ
ࢡࣝࣀ࢖ࢬࡢ⢭ᐦホ౯ࡸࠊࡑࡢపῶᢏ⾡ࡢ☜❧ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
ྑᅗࡢࡼ࠺࡞✚ศ⌫࡜༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓග※࠿ࡽࡢᨺᑕගࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢග※࠿ࡽࡢᨺᑕගࢆࠊࢫ
࣌ࢵࢡࣝ ᐃჾࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡟ホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢホ౯⤖ᯝࢆゎᯒࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࢫ࣌ࢵࢡࣝࡢ
ᢚไ࡛ࡁࠊ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢹ࢕ࢫࣉࣞ࢖ࡸ
↷᫂ᶵჾࡢⓎගⰍࡸᨺᑕ㔞ࡢ⢭ᐦ ᐃჾࡢホ౯ࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡑࡢග※ࡢಙ㢗ᛶࡸᏳ඲ᛶ
ࡢྥୖ࡟㈉⊩࡛ࡁࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨග※࡜✚ศ⌫ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓࢫ࣌ࢵࢡࣝホ౯⿦⨨㸬୍ࡘࡢ✚ศ⌫ࡢ࣏࣮ࢺ࠿ࡽ࣮ࣞࢨࢆ↷ᑕࡋࠊࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢ✚ศ⌫ࡢ࣏࣮ࢺ࠿ࡽࡢᨺᑕග࠿ࡽࢫ࣌ࢵࢡࣝࢆ
ホ౯㸬
-107-

GaN୰ࡢⅬḞ㝗ࡀගᏛ≀ᛶ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࡢゎ᫂
Ἑᮧ㈗ᏹ1㸪኱⏿ᬛႹ1㸪ሙᓮ⯟ᖹ1㸪᳃ຬ௓2㸪ྜྷᮧᨻᚿ31) ୕㔜኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㸪3) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY
GaN⤖ᬗ୰ࡢⅬḞ㝗ࡸ」ྜḞ㝗ࡣ㟁Ꮚ≀ᛶࡸගᏛ≀ᛶ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞Ḟ㝗ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿㸪ࡲࡓ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟≀ᛶ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ➨୍ཎ⌮ィ⟬ࢆ⏝࠸࡚GaN୰ࡢⅬḞ㝗ࡀගᏛ≀ᛶ࡟୚࠼ࡿᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ
ᅗ1࡟GaN✵Ꮝ(VGa)࠾ࡼࡧGaN✵Ꮝ࡜OḞ㝗࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ」ྜḞ㝗(VGa-ON)ࢆྵࡴGaNࡢ≧ែᐦᗘゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋୖグࡢḞ㝗࡟ࡼࡗ࡚≧ែᐦᗘࡀኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪ගᏛ≀ᛶ࡟ᙳ㡪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋᘬࡁ⥆ࡁGaNࡢගᏛ≀ᛶ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿḞ㝗ࡸ୙⣧≀ࢆ≉ᐃ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟≀ᛶࡢຎ໬ࢆ⿵᏶ࡍࡿῧຍ≀ࡢ᥈⣴ࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡢᡂᯝࡣGaNࡢ㧗ရ㉁⤖ᬗᡂ㛗ᢏ⾡࡜୙⣧≀ไᚚᢏ⾡ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋFIG. 1 Ga✵Ꮝ(VGa)࠾ࡼࡧGa✵Ꮝ࡜OཎᏊࡢ」ྜḞ㝗(VGa-ON)ࢆྵࡴGaNࡢ≧ែᐦᗘ (density of states) ࠋẚ㍑
ࡢࡓࡵGaN᏶඲⤖ᬗࡢ್ࢆ㯮⥺࡛♧ࡍࠋ
-108-

㧗⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື㔞Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒※ࡢࡓࡵࡢ㐃⥆౪⤥㔜Ỉࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢ㛤Ⓨᮾཱྀ Ṋྐ1,Ᏻ㒊ຬ㍤2, ⸨ᒸ ៅ௓21) Ᏹ㷗ᐑ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

SUMMARY༙ᑟయࣜࢯࢢࣛࣇ࢕࣮㟢ග⏝ᴟ➃⣸እ (EUV) ග※ࡸࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸ࢕࣮ศ㔝࡛ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୰ᛶᏊ
※ࡣᇶ♏◊✲࡟࡜࡝ࡲࡽࡎ⏘ᴗᛂ⏝࡜ࡋ࡚ᒎ㛤ࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞ᛂ⏝࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪㧗࠸ࢫ࣮ࣝࣉࢵࢺࡢࡓࡵ㸪㧗࠸⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋືసࢆせࡍࡿ㸬࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡛ࡣ㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡣ㧗⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋືస㸪ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢ㧗㏿㐃⥆౪⤥ᢏ⾡ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪㧗⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡛ືస࡛ࡁࡿ㐃⥆౪⤥ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚
ࡢ㔜Ỉࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿ㸬
2020ᖺᗘࡣ㸪ᾮయࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢆ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ
タィࢆ㐍ࡵࡓ㸬ලయⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟タ⨨࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢧ࢖ࢬ࡟ࡋ㸪ᑕฟ㒊࡜ᅇ཰㒊ࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡍࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬FIG. Experimental apparatus for liquid jet/droplet targets in
vacuum chamber.

-109-ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊X⥺ศගィ࡟ࡼࡿ㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ㐣Ώⓗ≉ᛶࡢゎ᫂≟అ㞝୍1㸪⡦ෆಇẎ1㸪༓ᚨ㟹ᙪ21) 㧗㍤ᗘග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
SUMMARYࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ࡢࣃࣝࢫᖜࢆࡶࡘ㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ
฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ≀㉁ࢆᛴ⃭࡟࢖࢜ࣥ໬࣭ຍ⇕ࡋࠊᙉ࠸㠀ᖹ⾮≧ែࡢ㧗ᐦᗘࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡀ⏕ᡂ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ࡇࡢ㐣⛬ࡣࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊㡿ᇦ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ᐇ㦂ⓗ࡟◊✲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㏆ᖺࠊ
10ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊௨ୗࡢࣃࣝࢫᖜࢆᣢࡘX⥺⮬⏤㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮(XFEL)ࡀ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࠊࡇࡢ㐣Ώⓗ࡞≧ែࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ X⥺⮬⏤㟁Ꮚ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᪋タSACLA࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢX⥺྾཰ศගィ ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ
ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊFIG.1࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊCuࡢK྾཰➃㏆
ഐࡢ㏱㐣⋡ࡀ1ࣆࢥ⛊⛬ᗘࡢ᫬㛫ࢆせࡋ኱ࡁࡃኚ໬
ࡍࡿᵝᏊࡀほ ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࡢᩘ༑ࣆࢥ⛊࡛ࡣኚ໬ࡣ↓ࡃࠊ࡯ࡰ୍ᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ᭦
࡟ࠊFIG.2࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡟࠾࠸࡚㛤ⓎࡉࢀࡓࠊཎᏊ㐣⛬ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔࣉࣛࢬ࣐⢏Ꮚࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻPICLSࢆ⏝࠸ࡓゎᯒࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡣඹྠ◊✲ࢆ⥅⥆ࡋࠊ㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ≀㉁ࡢຍ⇕≀⌮ࢆゎ᫂ࡋ࡚
࠸ࡃࠋ

FIG.1

FIG.2

FIG.1. XFELࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ ࡉࢀࡓࠊ㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ↷ᑕࡉࢀࡓCuⷧ⭷㸦ཌࡉ20 Pm㸧ࡢK྾཰➃㏆ഐࡢ㏱㐣⋡ࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬ࠋ FIG.2. PICLS࡟ࡼࡾィ⟬ࡉࢀࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕࡢ500 fs ᚋࡢ㟁㞳ᗘศᕸࠋ-110-⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᛂ⏝ᐇ㦂ࡢࡓࡵࡢࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒ไᚚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨᑠ⏣ 㟹ஂ11) ᦤ༡኱Ꮫ

SUMMARY

10㹼100Hz࡛⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋືసࡍࡿ㧗ฟຊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀ㐍ࡴ୰ࠊࡇࢀࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓ◊✲ࡀ᳨ウࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㧗⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋືస࡛ࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊࢩࣙࢵࢺ
㛫ࡢms⛬ᗘࡢ᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮࡛ࣝࠊィ ಙྕฎ⌮࡜ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࢆ⾜࠺ࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒ไᚚࢩࢫࢸ࣒
ࡀᐇ㦂ࡢ⢭ᗘࢆୖࡆࡿ࠺࠼࡛ᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ไᚚࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨ࡟ྥࡅࡓ‽ഛ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊPLC(Programmable Logic Controller)ୖ࡟ಙྕ
ࡢ㜈᳨್ฟ࡜ไᚚಙྕฟຊࢆ⾜࠺ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊᅗ㸯࡟♧ࡍⴠୗࡍࡿỈ⁲ࡀ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࢆ㐽ࡿᵝᏊࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓᐇ㦂⣔࡛ࡇࡢไᚚࣉ
ࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢືస᳨ドࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊỈ⁲ࡀ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࢆ㐽ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࢆPLCࡀ᳨ฟࡋࠊᡤᐃࡢ
ไᚚಙྕࡀฟຊࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ
ᩘHz⛬ᗘࡢ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ᮲௳࡛ࡶືసࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲ࡢᡂᯝ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ100Hz࡛ࡢ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࡟ᑐᛂࡋࡓ㧗㏿ไᚚᶵᮦࢆ⏝࠸ࡓไᚚࢩࢫࢸ࣒㛤Ⓨ࡟ᚲせ࡞▱ぢࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ

ηέϨʖϱ
ηϛ΢φ

ਭథ
Ϫʖδʖ
ޭ‫ݗ‬ड़‫ح‬ޭ‫ݗ‬ड़‫ح‬ਭథ

PLC‫ܯ‬଎৶ߺ

‫ܯ‬଎৶ߺϪʖδʖ੏‫ޜ‬৶ߺ

੏‫ޜ‬৶ߺᅗ㸯 Ỉ⁲ࡀ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࢆ㐽ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ග᳨ฟჾ࠿ࡽࡢィಙྕࡢኚ໬ࢆ᳨ฟࡋไᚚಙྕࢆฟຊࡍࡿ᳨ドࡢᵝᏊࠋྑୗࡣಙྕኚ໬ࡢ᳨ฟࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ100msᚋ࡟ࠊไᚚಙྕࢆ
ᶍᨃࡋࡓ100msᖜಙྕࢆฟຊࡋࡓ᫬ࡢࢩ࣮ࢣࣥࢫἼᙧࠋ
-111-

Decay instabilities of whistler waves in solar wind plasmas
T. Sano, Y. Tatsumi, M. Hata, Y. Sentoku
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, JapanSUMMARY㏆ᖺࡢேᕤ⾨ᫍ࡟ࡼࡿኴ㝧㢼ほ ࡟ࡼࡾኴ㝧㢼ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰ࡢ࣍࢖ࢵࢫ࣮ࣛἼࡢᏑᅾ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ࣍
࢖ࢵࢫ࣮ࣛἼࡢ࿘Ἴᩘศᕸ࡞࡝ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟࡞ࡗ࡚
ࡁࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞࣍࢖ࢵࢫ࣮ࣛἼࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ບ
㉳ࡉࢀࠊࡲࡓ࡝ࡢ⛬ᗘࣉࣛࢬ࣐ຍ⇕࡟ᐤ୚ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿࡢ࠿ࡣࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟⯆࿡῝࠸ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ
◊✲࡛ࡣࠊኴ㝧㢼ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⎔ቃୗࠊࡍ࡞
ࢃࡕ␗࡞ࡿ࿘Ἴᩘࢆᣢࡘ࣍࢖ࢵࢫ࣮ࣛἼࡀ⾪✺ࡍࡿ࡜ࡁࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ຍ⇕ᶵᵓࡀാࡁ࠺ࡿ
ࡢ࠿ࢆࠊ୍ḟඖPICࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⏝࠸࡚ヲࡋࡃㄪ࡭ࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ࢖࢜ࣥ࡜㟁Ꮚࡀ྾཰ࡍࡿ
࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㔞ࡀࠊ஧ࡘࡢἼࡢ࿘Ἴᩘᕪ࡟ᙉࡃ౫Ꮡ
ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ≀⌮ⓗ࡞ゎ㔘࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ࣍
࢖ࢵࢫ࣮ࣛἼࡢᐃᅾἼࡢᛶ㉁࡜ㄏᑟࣈࣜࣝ࢔ࣥᩓ
஘ࡢᡂ㛗ࡀࠊ┦஫స⏝ࡢ㐍໬ࢆỴᐃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ༢୍ࡢ࣍࢖ࢵࢫ࣮ࣛἼ࡟ࡼࡿ㟁Ꮚຍ⇕⋡(⥳)࡜ᑐྥࡍࡿ
஧ࡘࡢ࣍࢖ࢵࢫ࣮ࣛἼ࡛ຍ⇕ࡋࡓሙྜࡢ㟁Ꮚຍ⇕⋡(⣸)
ࡢẚ㍑ࠋ࿘Ἴᩘ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ࡚ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡬ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ኚ᥮
ຠ⋡ࡀኚ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀぢ࡚࡜ࢀࡿࠋ
-112-

Basic technology research of nano-processing data acquisition toward CPS laser processing
A. Narazaki1
1) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 㸦AIST)SUMMARY

In the CPS for laser processing, it is assumed that alarge amount of data in the physical space will belearned using machine learning. In this case, theacquisition of a large amount of experimental data inthe physical space is a prerequisite. In the past, dataacquisition has been attempted using a single-beamprocessing system capable of parameter sweeping. On
the other hand, by using parameter-swept single-shotprocessing scheme, high accuracy and high speed ofmachine learning can be achieved. In this study, we
introduced interference pattern processing equipment
into the laser-induced transfer (LIDT) method, andsucceeded in the simultaneous deposition of
periodically arranged nanodots. This enabled us toperform a single-shot parameter sweep in combination
with a filter whose optical properties change in theplane.

(a) Scheme of LIDT with interference pattern, (b) SEM
images of Au nanodots deposited by LIDT with interference
pattern[1].
[1] Y. Nakata et al., Int. J. Extrem. Manuf. 2 (2020) 025101.
-113-

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊ※ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୰ᛶᏊඹ㬆㏱㐣ศᯒᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ◊✲఍ఀ⸨ྐဴ1㸪ᮤᅾὥ1㸪ᑠἨග⏕1㸪㧘ᶫ᫬㡢1㸪㕥ᮌ ᩄ1㸪ᘯ୰ ᾈኴ1㸪వㄒぬᩥ2㸪᭷ᕝᏳಙ2㸪Ᏻ㒊ຬ㍤21)᪥ᮏཎᏊຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ ᰾୙ᣑᩓ࣭᰾ࢭ࢟ࣗࣜࢸ࢕⥲ྜᨭ᥼ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸪2) ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣭ග㔞Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒⛉Ꮫ◊✲㒊㛛
SUMMARY኱㜰኱Ꮫࡢ/)(;࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊ※㸦/'16㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୰ᛶᏊඹ㬆㏱㐣ศᯒ㸦157$㸧
ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿᐇ㦂ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡓࡵࠊᡴࡕྜࢃ
ࡏࠊ㆟ㄽࠊ᝟ሗ஺᥮࡞࡝ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ୺࡞ෆᐜࡣࠊ ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ◊✲ࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࡋࡓࠊࣔࢹ
࣮ࣞࢱ࡟ࡼࡿ157$࡟ᚲせ࡞⇕እ୰ᛶᏊࡢຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾฟࡋࠊඹ㬆ࢆほ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞୰ᛶᏊᩘࠊ
ࡲࡓ⫼ᬒ஦㇟ࡢᙳ㡪➼㸦㸧࣐࢞ࣥ⥺ࡢឤᗘࢆపࡃ
ࡋࡓ୰ᛶᏊ᳨ฟჾࡢ㛤Ⓨ㸦㸧ᚓࡽࢀࡓ୰ᛶᏊಙྕ
ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㆟ㄽࢆᇶ࡟ࠊ/)(;ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ157$ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊ୰ᛶᏊⓎ⏕※࡜ࡑࡇ࠿ࡽ⣙P㞳ࢀࡓ఩⨨࡟᳨ฟჾࢆタ⨨ࡋࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫ࡜ྠᮇࡉ
ࡏ࡚୰ᛶᏊࢆィᩘࡋࡓࠋྑᅗࡣࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ࡛ࠊ᳨ฟ
ჾࡢᡭ๓࡟ᯈ≧ࡢヨᩱ ,Q ੈW ࡜$J ੈW
ࢆ⨨࠸࡚ ᐃࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୰ᛶᏊඹ㬆཯ᛂ࡟ࡼࡿィᩘࡢῶᑡࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࠊ/'16ࡀ157$ ᐃ࡟㐺⏝ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊ
᳨ฟჾ➼ࡢᨵⰋࢆ㐍ࡵࠊᑠᆺ157$ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᥦ᱌
࡟ࡘ࡞ࡆ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸ࠋ

109Ag (5.19eV)
115In (1.46 eV)

FIG. ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊ※ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୰ᛶᏊTOFࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࠋ㸦⥳㸸ᐇ㦂ࠋ⣸㸸ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ㸧In, Agヨᩱ࡟ࡼࡿඹ㬆ࡀࠊィᩘࡢῶ⾶㸦࡬ࡇࡳ㸧࡜ࡋ࡚ほ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ-114-