䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤᖹᡂ䠏䠌ᖺᗘ

ඹྠ฼⏝䞉ඹྠ◊✲ᡂᯝሗ࿌᭩
䠄ᖹᡂ䠏䠌ᖺ䠐᭶㻙ᖹᡂ䠏䠍ᖺ䠏᭶䠅㻵㻸㻱 㻭㼚㼚㼡㼍㼘㻌㻾㼑㼜㼛㼞㼠㻌㼛㼒㻌㻯㼛㼘㼘㼍㼎㼛㼞㼍㼠㼕㼢㼑㻌㻾㼑㼟㼑㼍㼞㼏㼔㻭㼜㼞㼕㼘㻌㻞㻜㻝㻤㻌㻙 㻹㼍㼞㼏㼔 㻞㻜㻝㻥ᖹᡂ䠏䠍ᖺ䠏᭶኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ
Institute of Laser Engineering
Osaka University                䛿䛨䜑䛻㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌㻌
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* ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
* ᖹᡂ30ᖺᗘඹྠ฼⏝䞉ඹྠ◊✲⪅䝸䝇䝖* ᖹᡂ30ᖺᗘඹྠ฼⏝䞉ඹྠ◊✲ᡂᯝሗ࿌

ㄽᩥ㢟┠

ㄢ㢟␒ྕ

௦⾲⪅Ặྡ

䠍.䚷
䚷኱ᆺ䝺䞊䝄䞊⿦⨨฼⏝ᐇ㦂
1-1Enhanced laser-driven ion acceleration in a strong applied magnetic field

2018A1-AREFIEVAREFIEV Alex

1-2Ỉ⣲໬≀䛾㉸㧗ᅽ≀ᛶィ 䛚䜘䜃᪂ወ≀ᛶ᥈⣴䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲

2018A1-EINAGA

ᴿỌ䚷ⱸ฼

1-3

Systematic understanding of magnetic field generation mechanism in laser-driven
capacitor-coil target

2018A1-FUJIOKA

⸨ᒸ䚷ៅ௓

1-4

Blast waves interaction as a star progenitor

2018A1-KOENIG

KOENIG Michel

1-5䝬䝹䝏䝢䝁⛊㛫䛾┦ᑐㄽⓗᨺᑕᅽ䛻䜘䜛⮫⏺㠃䛾㉸㧗㏿㐠ື

2018A1-KOJIMA

ᑠᓥ䚷᏶⯆

1-6

⾪ᧁㄏ㉳㧗ᅽ┦㌿⛣䛾᮲௳䛾ึᮇヨᩱ౫Ꮡᛶ䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲

2018A1-KONDO

㏆⸨䚷ᛅ

1-7

䜾䝷䝣䜵䞁䜢⏝䛔䛯㧗䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䜲䜸䞁ຍ㏿

2018A1-KURAMITSU

ⶶ‶䚷ᗣᾈ

1-8

↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼ䛾䝬䝹䝏䝇䜿䞊䝹ᵓ㐀䛾⢭ᐦ

2018A1-MATSUKIYO

ᯇΎ ಟ୍

1-9

Intense Low-Energy Neutron Source Using High Power Lasers

2018A1-MIRFAYZI

Mirfayzi, S. Reza

1-10እ㒊༳ຍ☢ሙ䛻䜘䜛☢Ẽ䝸䝁䝛䜽䝅䝵䞁䛾᳨ド

2018A1-MORITA

᳃⏣䚷ኴᬛ

1-11

䝺䞊䝄䞊㥑ືMeV୰ᛶᏊ䛻䜘䜛኱ᆺᵓ㐀≀䝷䝆䜸䜾䝷䝣䜱ᛶ⬟ྥୖ䛾ᐇドᐇ㦂

2018A1-NISHIMURA

すᮧ䚷༤᫂

1-12

❅໬䜿䜲⣲䛾䝫䝇䝖䝇䝢䝛䝹┦䛾᥈⣴

2018A1-NISHIYAMA

すᒣ䚷ᐉṇ

1-13

䝺䞊䝄䞊⾪ᧁᅽ⦰䛻䜘䜛ịᝨᫍෆ㒊䛾ᐇ㝿䛾

2018A1-OKUCHI

ዟᆅ䚷ᣅ⏕

1-14

Zeeman spectroscopy with magnetized high-energy-density plasma

2018A1-POLLOCK

Bradley Pollock

1-15䜻䝱䝟䝅䝍䝁䜲䝹䝍䞊䝀䝑䝖䜢⏝䛔䛯☢Ẽ䝸䝁䝛䜽䝅䝵䞁⢏Ꮚຍ㏿

2018A1-SAKAWA

ᆏ࿴ ὒ୍

1-16

㧗ศゎ⬟X ⥺䝅䝱䝗䜴䜾䝷䝣ἲ䜢⏝䛔䛯ᙉ☢ሙ䛻䜘䜛⏺㠃ὶయ୙Ᏻᐃ䛾ᢚไ᮲௳䛾ᐇ㦂ⓗ᳨ド

2018A1-SANO

బ㔝䚷Ꮥዲ

1-17

䜿䜲㓟ሷ䛾ᝨᫍෆ㒊䛻䛚䛡䜛⼥ゎᣲື䛾ゎ᫂

2018A1-SATO

బ⸨䚷཭Ꮚ

1-18

䝺䞊䝄䞊⾪ᧁᅽ⦰ୗ䛾ᝨᫍᮦᩱ≀㉁䛾ศගほᡂ䝰䝕䝹䛾ᵓ⠏

2018A1-UMEDA

ᱵ⏣䚷ᝆᖹ

1-19

☢໬䝥䝷䝈䝬୰䜢ఏ᧛䛩䜛↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼ䛾⏕ᡂᐇ㦂

2018A1-YAMAZAKI

ᒣᓮ ஢

1-20

䝨䝍䝽䝑䝖䝺䞊䝄䞊䛻䜘䜛☢Ẽ䝸䝁䝛䜽䝅䝵䞁⌧㇟䛾᳨ド䛸⢏Ꮚຍ㏿䜈䛾ᛂ⏝

2018A1-YOGO

వㄒ䚷ぬᩥ

ᐃ

ᗘᅽຊ᮲௳䛷䛾Ỉ䛾≧ែゎᯒ䠖㝹▼⾪✺䛻䜘䜛ᝨᫍ኱Ẽᾏὒᙧ

䠎.䚷
䚷㧗ฟຊ䝺䞊䝄䞊ඛ㐍ᇶ┙ᢏ⾡
2-1

LFEX䝺䞊䝄䞊䝅䝇䝔䝮䛾㧗ᛶ⬟໬

2018A3-KANABE

㔠㑓 ᛅ

2-2

Yb:YAG䝬䜲䜽䝻䝏䝑䝥䝺䞊䝄䞊Ⓨ᣺ჾ䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018A3-YAMAKAWA

ᒣᕝ䚷⪃୍

2-3

Nd䝗䞊䝥䝺䞊䝄䞊፹㉁䜢㍈䛸䛧䛯CaF2㏱᫂䝉䝷䝭䝑䜽䝇ᮦᩱ䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018A3-YOSHIDAྜྷ⏣䚷ᐇ

2018B1-HARRISONHARRISON, John
Andrew

䠏.䚷
䚷䝺䞊䝄䞊ᮦᩱ䞉ගᏛᮦᩱホ౯
Investigation of the electronic and optical properties of fluoride crystals for
3-1
laser applications
3-2

Laser System Development using Gain Medium of Glass doped Rare earth Element

2018B2-DJAMAL

Mitra Djamal

3-3ḟୡ௦㧗ᶵ⬟ග䝣䜯䜲䝞䝕䝞䜲䝇䛾㛤Ⓨ䛸䛭䛾ᛂ⏝

2018B2-FUJIMOTO

⸨ᮏ䚷㟹

3-4

㏱ගᛶYAG䝉䝷䝭䝑䜽䝇ᮦᩱ䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-FURUSE

ྂ℩䚷⿱❶

3-5

Percolation approach to laser-induced damage of optical materials

2018B2-GAMMAG

Rayda Gammag

ㄽᩥ㢟┠

ㄢ㢟␒ྕ

௦⾲⪅Ặྡ

3-6

Rapid growth of KDP crystal at constant temperature and supersaturation

2018B2-GUZMAN

Luis A. Guzman3-7䝺䞊䝄䞊ᨺ㟁ᅇ㊰䛾䝸䜾䝙䞁ศゎ䜈䛾ᛂ⏝䠄Ỉ୰䝇䝖䝸䞊䝬䞊ᨺ㟁䛻䜘䜛䝸䜾䝙䞁䛾୰ᛶ䞉ᖖ ศゎ䠅

2018B2-JITSUNO

ᐿ㔝䚷Ꮥஂ

3-8

Development of radiation tolerant optical glass materials

2018B2-KAEWKHAO

Jakrapong
Kaewkhao

3-9Fabrication of novel transparent ceramics for scintillation materials

2018B2-KUROSAWA-1

㯮⃝䚷ಇ௓

3-10

Optical properties of Gd-containing scintillation material in the UV or VUV region

2018B2-KUROSAWA-2

㯮⃝䚷ಇ௓

3-11

䝩䜴㓟⣔㠀⥺ᙧගᏛ⤖ᬗ䛾㧗ရ㉁䞉኱ᆺ໬

2018B2-MORI.YU

᳃䚷ຬ௓

3-12

䝺䞊䝄䞊㐀ᙧἲ䛻䜘䜛䝅䝸䜹䜺䝷䝇ᵓ㐀ᙧᡂ

2018B2-MOTOKOSHI-1

ᮏ㉺䚷ఙ஧

3-13

⧞㏉䛧䝟䝹䝇↷ᑕ䛻䜘䜛ගᏛᮦᩱ䛾䝺䞊䝄䞊ᦆയ䛧䛝䛔್

2018B2-MOTOKOSHI-2

ᮏ㉺䚷ఙ஧

3-14

㉸㧗㏿᫬㛫ศゎ⬟䜢ᣢ䛴Ⓨගᮦᩱ䛸䛧䛶䛾」ྜ䜰䝙䜸䞁໬ྜ≀䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-OGINOⲶ㔝䚷ᣅ

2018B2-PHAM

Pham䚷Hong Ming

2018B1-RADUBAN

Marilou CadatalRaduban

3-15
3-16

Research and development of ultraviolet laser and amplifier systems using Ce:LiCAF
crystalSpectroscopic study of Praseodymium and Cerium co-doped APLF glass as improved
neutron scintillator

3-17ගᏛᮦᩱ䚸ගᏛⷧ⭷䛾ᦆയᶵᵓ䛾䝟䞊䝁䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝰䝕䝹

2018B2-SASAKI

బ䚻ᮌ䚷᫂

3-18

Development of a photodetector based on hydrothermal-grown zinc oxide nanorods

2018B1-SOMINTAC

Armando Soriano
SOMINTAC

3-19୰㉥እ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛻䜘䜛㍍ඖ⣲ྠ఩యศᯒᶵჾ㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-YAMANAKA

ᒣ୰ ༓༤

3-20

㧗ຠ⋡䛻సື䛩䜛ᴟప

2018B2-YAMAMOTO

ᒣᮏ䚷Ꮥኵ

3-21

䜶䝹䝡䜴䝮䝗䞊䝥ZBLAN䝣䜯䜲䝞䜢⏝䛔䛯୰㉥እ䝰䞊䝗ྠᮇ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-YOSHIDA

ྜྷ⏣ ᐇ

3-22

X⥺఩┦䜲䝯䞊䝆䞁䜾䛻ྥ䛡䛯┦ศ㞳ᵓ㐀䜢᭷䛩䜛ඹᬗయ䝅䞁䝏䝺䞊䝍䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-YOSHIKAWA.A

ྜྷᕝ䚷ᙲ

3-23

㧗ᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䜢⏝䛔䛯㧗ᶵ⬟ᛶ᭷ᶵ⤖ᬗ๰〇ἲ䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-YOSHIKAWA.Hྜྷᕝ䚷ὒྐ෭෾ᶵ⏝䛾❅໬≀ᮦᩱ䛾ྜᡂ

䠐.䚷
䚷䝺䞊䝄䞊㛤Ⓨ
4-1

㐃⥆Ἴ䝰䞊䝗ྠᮇ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛾ຠ⋡䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ䜢୚䛘䜛఩⨨䛾ᙳ㡪䛻㛵䛩䜛⌮ㄽⓗゎᯒ㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊ ᏶ᡂ2

2018B2-KAWATO-1

ᕝᡞ䚷ᰤ

4-2

༙⌫ᆺඹ᣺ჾ㐃⥆Ἴ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛾㧗ຠ⋡໬

2018B2-KAWATO-2

ᕝᡞ䚷ᰤ

4-3

㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳䛻䜘䜛㟷⣸Ⰽ䝺䞊䝄䞊䝎䜲䜸䞊䝗ບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴ䝏䝍䞁䝃䝣䜯䜲䜰䝺䞊䝄䞊䛾㧗ຠ⋡໬

2018B2-KAWATO-3

ᕝᡞ䚷ᰤ

4-4

䝝䜲䝟䝽䞊䝺䞊䝄䞊䛾䛯䜑䛾ᗈᖏᇦ䛺ㄏ㟁యከᒙ⭷䝭䝷䞊䛾ᇶᮏタィ

2018B2-OOKUBO኱ஂಖ䚷཭㞞

䠑.䚷
䚷䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒◊✲5-1

䜹䞊䝪䞁䝘䝜䝏䝳䞊䝤䝯䝍䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹䛾䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ᛂ⟅

2018B2-FURUTA

ྂ⏣䚷ᐶ

5-2

䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ἼⓎ⏕䜢⏝䛔䛯䝺䞊䝄䞊䜹䜸䝇䛻䛚䛡䜛⦪䝰䞊䝗䛾ྠ᫬ᛶ䛾◊✲

2018B2-KUWASHIMA

᱓ᓥ䚷ྐḠ

5-3

䜺䝇䝉䞁䝃䛸䛧䛶䛾᭷ᶵ㔠ᒓᵓ㐀య䛻䛚䛡䜛IRἼཬ䜃THzἼ䛾㏱㐣≉ᛶ䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲

2018B2-LEE

ᮤ䚷┦㘏

5-4

䜾䝷䝣䜵䞁䜢⏝䛔䛯」ྜᵓ㐀య䛻䛚䛡䜛㟁☢≉ᛶ◊✲

2018B1-LI

ᮤ䚷኱἞

5-5

䝃䝤10 μmᚄ䝽䜲䝲䞊䛻䜘䜛ᗈᖏᇦ䝽䜲䝲䞊䜾䝸䝑䝗೫ගᏊ䛾స〇

2018B2-NASHIMA

⳯ᔱ䚷ⱱ႐

5-6

䝝䜲䝗䝻䜻䝅䜰䝟䝍䜲䝖䛾ㄏ㟁≉ᛶホ౯

2018B1-NISHIKAWA

すᕝ䚷༤᫛

5-7

┦ኚ໬ᮦᩱ䜢฼⏝䛧䛯䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒Ἴ䝕䝞䜲䝇䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B1-MAKINO∾㔝䚷Ꮥኴ㑻

5-8᭷ᶵ䞉↓ᶵ༙ᑟయ䝝䜲䝤䝸䝑䝗䞉䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻䜘䜛䜰䜽䝔䜱䝤䞉䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒䞉䝯䝍䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹
䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B1-MATSUIᯇ஭䚷㱟அ௓

5-9ᕧ኱ศᏊⷧ⭷䞉䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽䛾䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ศග䛸㟁Ẽఏᑟ䝯䜹䝙䝈䝮

2018B1-MATSUMOTO

ᯇᮏ䚷༟ஓ

5-10

㧗ᙉᗘTHz䝟䝹䝇䜢฼⏝䛧䛯䝇䝢䞁ไᚚ

2018B1-MORITA᳃⏣䚷೺

2018B2-MURAOKAᮧᒸ䚷♸἞

2018B2-OHTA

኱⏣䚷Ἠ

5-11
5-12

䝺䞊䝄䞊䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒䜶䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁㢧ᚤ㙾䛻䜘䜛TixV1-xO2/TiO2:Nb(001)䝦䝔䝻᥋ྜ⏺
㠃䛾ホ౯Ᏹᐂ䝬䜲䜽䝻Ἴ⫼ᬒᨺᑕ ᐃ䛻ྥ䛡䛯䝃䝤䝭䝸Ἴᖏ᫬㛫㡿ᇦศග⿦⨨䛾㛤Ⓨ䛸ගᏛ⣲Ꮚ䛾ホ౯

ㄽᩥ㢟┠

ㄢ㢟␒ྕ

௦⾲⪅Ặྡ

5-13

䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ศගἲ䛻䜘䜛Li䜲䜸䞁ෆໟ䝣䝷䞊䝺䞁[Li+@C60](PF6) 䛾≀ᛶ◊✲

2018B2-OTANI

኱㇂䚷▱⾜

5-14

GaSb/InAs䝦䝔䝻ᵓ㐀䛛䜙䛾䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ᨺᑕᙉᗘ䛾ホ౯

2018B1-SASA

బ䚻䚷ㄔᙪ

5-15

䝯䝍䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹䜢ά⏝䛧䛯᪂䛯䛺䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚ䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B1-TANI

㇂䚷ṇᙪ

5-16

䝯䝍䝹䝇䝸䝑䝖䜰䝺䜲䛾ᨃఝㄏ㟁యⓗᛶ㉁䛸䛭䛾䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ගไᚚ䜈䛾ᛂ⏝

2018B2-TOKUDA

ᚨ⏣䚷Ᏻ⣖

5-17

䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒Ἴศගィ౯

2018B2-YAMAHARAᒣཎ䚷ᘯ㟹䛻䜘䜛ഴᩳ᱁Ꮚṍ䜏ᕼᅵ㢮㕲䜺䞊䝛䝑䝖ⷧ⭷䛾ㄏ㟁ศᴟホ䠒.䚷
䚷䝺䞊䝄䞊ᛂ⏝6-1

㔞Ꮚ䝡䞊䝮※䛾㛤Ⓨ䚸ไᚚ䛺䜙䜃䛻䛭䛾ᛂ⏝䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲2018B2-FUJITA

⸨⏣䚷㞞அ

6-2

䝺䞊䝄䞊㥑ື⧞䜚㏉䛧୰ᛶᏊⓎ⏕⏝䝍䞊䝀䝑䝖㥑ື⿦⨨䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-INOUE

஭ୖ❹௓

6-3

⧞䜚㏉䛧䝺䞊䝄䞊䛻䜘䜛㧗㏿Ⅼⅆ᰾⼥ྜ䛾㛤Ⓨ䛸⏘ᴗᛂ⏝

2018B2-KITAGAWA

໭ᕝ䚷⡿႐

6-4

䝺䞊䝄䞊↷᫂䛻䛚䛡䜛㧗₇Ⰽ໬䛾㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-MANABE

┾㘠䚷⏤㞝

6-5

Material design and synthesis of ZnO-polymer nanocomposites (ZnO-PNCs) for
photonic applications

2018B2-SARMAGO

Roland V. Sarmago

6-6䝎䜲䝲䝰䞁䝗⌫Ẇ䜈䛾㧗䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊䝺䞊䝄䞊↷ᑕ䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲2018B2-YAMADA

ᒣ⏣䚷ⱥ᫂

䠓.䚷
䚷㧗䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ᐦᗘ⛉Ꮫ
7-1䝺䞊䝄䞊⾪ᧁᅽ⦰䛻䜘䜛㉸㧗䜂䛪䜏㏿ᗘኚᙧ䝯䜹䝙䝈䝮䛾◊✲2018B2-KAWAI

ᕝྜ䚷ఙ᫂

7-2

㛗Ἴ㛗೫ගไᚚ䝺䞊䝄䞊䜢⏝䛔䛯ᙉ☢ሙ䝥䝷䝈䝬୰䛾㟁☢ሙఏᦙ䞉྾཰䛾᳨ド

2018B2-MORI.YO

᳃䚷ⰾᏕ

7-3

୰ᛶᏊ⥺䜺䝷䝇䝅䞁䝏䝺䞊䝍䛾≉ᛶᨵⰋ䛻㛵䛩䜛㛤Ⓨ◊✲

2018B2-MURATA

ᮧ⏣䚷㈗ᗈ

7-4

㉸▷䝟䝹䝇䝺䞊䝄䞊䜢⏝䛔䛯ཎᏊ㐠ື㐣⛬䛾ᐇ᫬㛫ィ

2018B2-NAKAMURA୰ᮧ䚷୍㝯

2018B2-TAMURA⏣ᮧ䚷ᩥ⿱

2018B2-UTSURO

Ᏹὠ࿅䚷㞝ᙪ

7-5
7-6

኱ᙉᗘ䝟䝹䝇䝟䝽䞊Ⓨ⏕⿦⨨䛻䜘䜛㝹▼⾪✺ᶍᨃ䛾䛯䜑䛾㣕⩧యຍ㏿ᡭἲ䛾㛤Ⓨᗘ⣙䠍 䠍䠌K䛾㡿ᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛㔜Ỉ⣲໬Ỉ⣲HD䝥䝻䞊䝤䛾NMRཬ䜃ᅛయHDⷧ⭷䛾
సᡂ᪉ἲ

䠔.䚷
䚷⌮ㄽ䞉䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁◊✲8-1㧗ᐦᗘ⇿⦰䝥䝷䝈䝬୰䛻䛚䛡䜛᢬ᢠ⋡໙㓄䛻䛚䛡䜛ᙉ☢ሙ⏕ᡂ䛾䝰䝕䝸䞁䜾

2018B1-HABARA

⩚ཎ䚷ⱥ᫂

8-2

Radiation MHD simulations of accretion disks

2018B2-HIROSE

ᘅ℩䚷㔜ಙ

8-3

䝺䞊䝄䞊䝤䝺䜲䜽䝎䜴䞁䝥䝷䝈䝬䛻㛵䛩䜛䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝁䞊䝗㛤Ⓨ

2018B2-KATO

ຍ⸨䚷㐍

8-4

㉸ᙉᐦᗘᡂᒙMHD⇕ᑐὶィ⟬䛷㏕䜛ኴ㝧㯮Ⅼ䛾ᙧᡂᶵᵓ

2018B2-MASADA

ᨻ⏣䚷ὒᖹ

8-5

☢ሙ䛻䜘䜛ὶయ୙Ᏻᐃᛶ䛾ᢚไ䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲2018B2-MATSUOKA

ᯇᒸ䚷༓༤

8-6

䜰䝤䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䜘䜛䝥䝹䞊䝮䛾Ⓨ⏕䛸⭾ᙇ䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁ゎᯒ

2018B2-SUNAHARA

◁ཎ䚷῟

8-7

㉸㧗ᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛸䝥䝷䝈䝬䛾┦஫స⏝

2018B2-TAGUCHI

⏣ཱྀ䚷ಇᘯ

8-8

ㄏᑟ䝁䞁䝥䝖䞁ᩓ஘䛾䝺䞊䝄䞊ᐇ㦂䛻ྥ䛡䛶䛾◊✲2018B2-TANAKA

⏣୰䚷࿘ኴ

8-9

䝺䞊䝄䞊⏕ᡂ䝥䝷䝈䝬䛛䜙䛾䝔䝷䝦䝹䝒ἼⓎ⏕

2018B1-YUGAMI‫ୖ‮‬䚷Ⓩ2018C-JOZAKIᇛ㷂䚷▱⮳䠕. 䚷◊✲఍
9-1䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬⛉Ꮫ䛾䛯䜑䛾᭱ඛ➃䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝁䞊䝗䛾ඹྠ㛤Ⓨ䞉ඹ⏝䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲఍࠯঺ᲭᲪ࠰ࡇσӷМဇȷσӷᄂᆮų੔৸ᛢ᫆ɟᚁ
༊ศ

኱
ᆺ
ࣞ

ㄢ㢟␒ྕ

Ặྡ

1 2018A1-AREFIEVAlex AREFIEV

No.

ᡤᒓ

◊✲ㄢ㢟

University of California - San Diego

Enhanced laser-driven ion acceleration in a strong applied magnetic field

2 2018A1-EINAGA

ᴿỌ ⱸ฼኱㜰኱Ꮫᇶ♏ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉௜ᒓᴟ㝈⛉Ꮫࢭࣥࢱ࣮

Ỉ⣲໬≀ࡢ㉸㧗ᅽ≀ᛶィ

3 2018A1-FUJIOKA⸨ᒸ ៅ௓኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

Systematic understanding of magnetic field generation mechanism in laser-driven capacitor-coil target࠾ࡼࡧ᪂ወ≀ᛶ᥈⣴࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲

4 2018A1-KATARZYNA

Jakubowska Katarzyna University of BordeauxBehavior and optical properties of materials of planetologicalinterest (water and carbon) at Megabar pressures.

5 2018A1-KOENIG

Koenig Michel

LULI - France

Blast waves interaction as a star progenitor

6 2018A1-KOJIMAᑠᓥ ᏶⯆ி㒔኱Ꮫ໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ඛ➃ࣅ࣮࣒ࢼࣀ⛉Ꮫࢭࣥࢱ࣮

࣐ࣝࢳࣆࢥ⛊㛫ࡢ┦ᑐㄽⓗᨺᑕᅽ࡟ࡼࡿ⮫⏺㠃ࡢ㉸㧗㏿㐠ື

7 2018A1-KONDO㏆⸨ ᛅ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉⾪ᧁㄏ㉳㧗ᅽ┦㌿⛣᮲௳ࡢึᮇヨᩱ౫Ꮡᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲

8 2018A1-KURAMITSUⶶ‶ ᗣᾈ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ࢢࣛࣇ࢙ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࢖࢜ࣥຍ㏿ᯇΎ ಟ୍஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛᗓ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼࡢ࣐ࣝࢳࢫࢣ࣮ࣝᵓ㐀ࡢ⢭ᐦ

Mirfayzi, S. Reza

Queen's University Belfast

Intense Low-Energy Neutron Source Using High Power Lasersᐃ

11 2018A1-MORITA᳃⏣ ኴᬛ஑ᕞ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛᗓእ㒊༳ຍ☢ሙ࡟ࡼࡿ☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥࡢ᳨ド࣮

9 2018A1-MATSUKIYO
10 2018A1-MIRFAYZI

ࢨ
࣮
⿦
⨨
฼
⏝
ᐇ
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࣮

㧗
ฟ
㐍
ຊ
ᇶ
ࣞ
┙
ᢏ
ࢨ
⾡

࣮

ඛ

୰
ᆺ
⿦
⨨
฼
⏝
ඹ
ྠ
◊
✲

12 2018A1-NISHIMURAすᮧ ༤᫂⚟஭ᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ/኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ືMeV୰ᛶᏊ࡟ࡼࡿ኱ᆺᵓ㐀≀ࣛࢪ࢜ࢢࣛࣇ࢕ᛶ⬟ྥୖࡢᐇドᐇ㦂

13 2018A1-NISHIYAMAすᒣ ᐉṇᮾிᕤᴗ኱Ꮫࣇࣟࣥࢸ࢕࢔ᮦᩱ◊✲ᡤ❅໬ࢣ࢖⣲ࡢ࣏ࢫࢺࢫࣆࢿࣝ┦ࡢ᥈⣴

14 2018A1-OKUCHIዟᆅ ᣅ⏕ᒸᒣ኱Ꮫᝨᫍ≀㉁◊✲ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⾪ᧁᅽ⦰࡟ࡼࡿịᝨᫍෆ㒊ࡢᐇ㝿ࡢ

15 2018A1-POLLOCK

Bradley Pollock

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Zeeman spectroscopy with magnetized high-energy-density plasmaᗘᅽຊ᮲௳࡛ࡢỈࡢ≧ែゎᯒ

16 2018A1-SAKAWAᆏ࿴ ὒ୍኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࢟ࣕࣃࢩࢱࢥ࢖ࣝࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ⢏Ꮚຍ㏿

17 2018A1-SANOబ㔝 Ꮥዲ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㧗ศゎ⬟X ⥺ࢩࣕࢻ࢘ࢢࣛࣇἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᙉ☢ሙ࡟ࡼࡿ⏺㠃ὶయ୙Ᏻᐃࡢᢚไ᮲௳ࡢᐇ㦂ⓗ᳨ド

18 2018A1-SATOబ⸨ ཭Ꮚᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉ࢣ࢖㓟ሷࡢᝨᫍෆ㒊࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⼥ゎᣲືࡢゎ᫂

19 2018A1-SHIGEMORI㔜᳃ ၨ௓኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㉸㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿࢠ࢞ࣂ࣮ࣝᅽຊࡢⓎ⏕࡜ࡑࡢ≉ᛶ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲

20 2018A1-UMEDAᱵ⏣ ᝆᖹ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⾪ᧁᅽ⦰ୗࡢᝨᫍᮦᩱ≀㉁ࡢศගほ21 2018A1-YAMAZAKIᒣᓮ ஢㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊 ≀⌮࣭ᩘ⌮Ꮫ⛉☢໬ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰ࢆఏ᧛ࡍࡿ↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼࡢ⏕ᡂᐇ㦂

22 2018A1-YOGOవㄒ ぬᩥ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣌ࢱ࣡ࢵࢺ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ⌧㇟ࡢ᳨ド࡜⢏Ꮚຍ㏿࡬ࡢᛂ⏝

23 2018A3-KANABE㔠㑓 ᛅ⚟஭኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔ᕤᏛ⣔㒊㛛 㟁Ẽ࣭㟁ᏊᕤᏛㅮᗙ LFEX࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㧗ᛶ⬟໬㸸㝹▼⾪✺࡟ࡼࡿᝨᫍ኱Ẽᾏὒᙧᡂࣔࢹࣝࡢᵓ⠏24 2018A3-YAMAKAWAᒣᕝ ⪃୍㔞Ꮚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ 㛵すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤYb:YAG࣐࢖ࢡࣟࢳࢵࣉ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮Ⓨ᣺ჾࡢ㛤Ⓨ

25 2018A3-YOSHIDAྜྷ⏣ ᐇ㏆␥኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉Ndࢻ࣮ࣉ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮፹㉁ࢆ㍈࡜ࡋࡓCaF2㏱᫂ࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫᮦᩱࡢ㛤Ⓨ

26 2018B1-ANDREWHARRISON, John
AndrewInstitute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences,
Massey University

Investigation of the electronic and optical properties of fluoride
crystals for laser applications

27 2018B1-HABARA⩚ཎ ⱥ᫂኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㧗ᐦᗘ⇿⦰ࣉࣛࢬ࣐୰࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᢬ᢠ⋡໙㓄࡟࠾ࡅࡿᙉ☢ሙ⏕ᡂࡢࣔࢹࣜࣥࢢ

28 2018B1-LIᮤ ኱἞࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤࢢࣛࣇ࢙ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ」ྜᵓ㐀య࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㟁☢≉ᛶ◊✲

29 2018B1-MAKINO∾㔝 Ꮥኴ㑻

⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ ࢼࣀ࢚ࣞࢡࢺࣟࢽࢡࢫ◊✲㒊㛛 ┦ኚ໬ᮦᩱࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨ

30 2018B1-MATSUIᯇ஭ 㱟அ௓

୕㔜኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉᭷ᶵ࣭↓ᶵ༙ᑟయࣁ࢖ࣈࣜࢵࢻ࣭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ࡼࡿ࢔ࢡࢸ࢕ࣈ࣭ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ࣭࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࡢ㛤Ⓨ

31 2018B1-MATSUMOTOᯇᮏ ༟ஓ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉ᕧ኱ศᏊⷧ⭷࣭ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶศග࡜㟁Ẽఏᑟ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒

32 2018B1-MORITA᳃⏣ ೺༓ⴥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲㝔

㧗ᙉᗘTHzࣃࣝࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࢫࣆࣥไᚚ

33 2018B1-NISHIKAWAすᕝ ༤᫛㏆␥኱Ꮫ⏕≀⌮ᕤᏛ㒊་⏝ᕤᏛ⛉ࣁ࢖ࢻࣟ࢟ࢩ࢔ࣃࢱ࢖ࢺࡢㄏ㟁≉ᛶホ౯

34 2018B1-RADUBAN

Marilou CadatalRaduban

Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Massey
University

Spectroscopic study of Praseodymium and Cerium co-doped APLF glass as improved neutron scintillator

35 2018B1-SASAబࠎ ㄔᙪ኱㜰ᕤᴗ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ

GaSb/InAs࣊ࢸࣟᵓ㐀࠿ࡽࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶᨺᑕᙉᗘࡢホ౯

36 2018B1-SOMINTAC

Armando Soriano
SOMINTAC

National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines
Development of a photodetector based on hydrothermal-grown zinc oxide nanorods
Diliman

37 2018B1-TANI㇂ ṇᙪ⚟஭኱Ꮫ㐲㉥እ㡿ᇦ㛤Ⓨ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚࡢ㛤Ⓨ

38 2018B1-YUGAMI‫ ୖ‮‬ⓏᏱ㒔ᐑ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⏕ᡂࣉࣛࢬ࣐࠿ࡽࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕

39 2018B2-DJAMAL

Mitra Djamal

Institut Teknologi Bandung

Laser System Development Using Gain Medium Doped Rare EarthElement

40 2018B2-FUJIMOTO⸨ᮏ 㟹༓ⴥᕤᴗ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉ḟୡ௦㧗ᶵ⬟ගࣇ࢓࢖ࣂࢹࣂ࢖ࢫࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ࡑࡢᛂ⏝41 2018B2-FUJITA⸨⏣ 㞞அ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㔞Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒※ࡢ㛤Ⓨࠊไᚚ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ࡑࡢᛂ⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲

42 2018B2-FURUSEྂ℩ ⿱❶໭ぢᕤᴗ኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊㏱ගᛶYAGࢭ࣑ࣛࢵࢡࢫᮦᩱࡢ㛤Ⓨ

43 2018B2-FURUTAྂ⏣ ᐶ㧗▱ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫ࣭ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⩌࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢼࣀࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶᛂ⟅44 2018B2-GAMMAG

Rayda Gammag

Department of Physics, Mapua University

Percolation approach to laser-induced damage of optical materials

45 2018B2-GUZMAN

Luis A. GuzmanⲈᇛᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ

Rapid growth of KDP crystal at constant temperature and supersaturation

46 2018B2-HIROSEᘅ℩ 㔜ಙᾏὒ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓ ᩘ⌮⛉Ꮫ࣭ඛ➃ᢏ⾡◊✲ศ㔝

Radiation MHD simulations of accretion disks

47 2018B2-INOUE஭ୖ ❹௓ி㒔኱Ꮫ໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ୰ᛶᏊⓎ⏕⏝ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ㥑ື⿦⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨ

48 2018B2-JITSUNOᐿ㔝 Ꮥஂ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᨺ㟁ᅇ㊰ࡢࣜࢢࢽࣥศゎ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝㸦Ỉ୰ࢫࢺ࣮࣐࣮ࣜᨺ㟁࡟ࡼࡿࣜࢢࢽࣥࡢ୰ᛶ࣭ᖖ
ศゎ㸧

49 2018B2-KAEWKHAO

Jakrapong Kaewkhao

Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University

Development of radiation tolerant optical glass materials

50 2018B2-KATOຍ⸨ 㐍⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ 㟁Ꮚගᢏ⾡◊✲㒊㛛࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣈࣞ࢖ࢡࢲ࢘ࣥࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻ㛤Ⓨ

51 2018B2-KAWAIᕝྜ ఙ᫂⇃ᮏ኱Ꮫࣃࣝࢫࣃ࣮࣡⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⾪ᧁᅽ⦰࡟ࡼࡿ㉸㧗ࡦࡎࡳ㏿ᗘኚᙧ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒ࡢ◊✲

1

༊ศ

No.

ㄢ㢟␒ྕ

52 2018B2-KAWATO-1

୍
⯡
ඹ
ྠ
฼
⏝

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53 2018B2-KAWATO-2

ᕝᡞ ᰤ⚟஭኱ᏛᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㟁Ẽ㺃㟁ᏊᕤᏛ༙⌫ᆺඹ᣺ჾ㐃⥆Ἴ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬

54 2018B2-KAWATO-3

ᕝᡞ ᰤ⚟஭኱ᏛᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㟁Ẽ㺃㟁ᏊᕤᏛᑓᨷ

㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳࡟ࡼࡿ㟷⣸Ⰽ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢲ࢖࣮࢜ࢻບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴࢳࢱࣥࢧࣇ࢓࢖࢔࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬

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Fabrication of novel transparent ceramics for scintillation materials

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65 2018B2-MOTOKOSHI-1

ᮏ㉺ ఙ஧࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㐀ᙧἲ࡟ࡼࡿࢩࣜ࢝࢞ࣛࢫᵓ㐀ᙧᡂ

66 2018B2-MOTOKOSHI-2

ᮏ㉺ ఙ஧࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿගᏛᮦᩱࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್

67 2018B2-MURAOKAᮧᒸ ♸἞ᒸᒣ኱Ꮫ␗ศ㔝ᇶ♏⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ࢚࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ㢧ᚤ㙾࡟ࡼࡿTixV1-xO2/TiO2:Nb(001)࣊ࢸࣟ᥋ྜ⏺㠃ࡢホ౯

68 2018B2-MURATAᮧ⏣ ㈗ᗈ

⇃ᮏ኱Ꮫᩍ⫱Ꮫ㒊୰ᛶᏊ⥺࢞ࣛࢫࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱࡢ≉ᛶᨵⰋ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ㛤Ⓨ◊✲

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72 2018B2-OHTA኱⏣ Ἠ⏥༡኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊Ᏹᐂ࣐࢖ࢡࣟἼ⫼ᬒᨺᑕ

73 2018B2-OOKUBO኱ஂಖ ཭㞞

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National Institute of Physics, College of Science,
University of the Philippines - Diliman

Research and development of ultraviolet laser and amplifiersystems using Ce:LiCAF crystalගᏛᮦᩱࠊගᏛⷧ⭷ࡢᦆയᶵᵓࡢࣃ࣮ࢥ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࣔࢹࣝ

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75 2018B2-PHAM

Pham Hong Ming

76 2018B2-SARMAGO

Roland V. Sarmago

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78 2018B2-SUNAHARA◁ཎ ῟

Center for material under extreme environment
School of Nuclear Engineering Purdue University࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡿࣉ࣮࣒ࣝࡢⓎ⏕࡜⭾ᙇࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥゎᯒ

79 2018B2-TAGUCHI⏣ཱྀ ಇᘯᦤ༡኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉㉸㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ┦஫స⏝80 2018B2-TAMURA⏣ᮧ ᩥ⿱㛗ᒸᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ኱ᙉᗘࣃࣝࢫࣃ࣮࣡Ⓨ⏕⿦⨨࡟ࡼࡿ㝹▼⾪✺ᶍᨃࡢࡓࡵࡢ㣕⩧యຍ㏿ᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ

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81 2018B2-TANAKA⏣୰ ࿘ኴ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊 ≀⌮࣭ᩘ⌮Ꮫ⛉ㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᐇ㦂࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡢ◊✲82 2018B2-TOKUDAᚨ⏣ Ᏻ⣖ᒸᒣ┴❧኱Ꮫ᝟ሗᕤᏛ㒊᝟ሗ㏻ಙᕤᏛ⛉࣓ࢱࣝࢫࣜࢵࢺ࢔ࣞ࢖ࡢᨃఝㄏ㟁యⓗᛶ㉁࡜ࡑࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶගไᚚ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝83 2018B2-UTSUROᏱὠ࿅ 㞝ᙪ

኱㜰኱Ꮫ᰾≀⌮◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮84 2018B2-YAMADAᒣ⏣ ⱥ᫂⏘ᴗᢏ⾡⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣭⎔ቃ㡿ᇦඛ㐍ࣃ࣮࢚࣡ࣞࢡࢺࣟࢽࢡࢫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻ⌫Ẇ࡬ࡢ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ᗘ⣙㸯−㸯㸮Kࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㔜Ỉ⣲໬Ỉ⣲HDࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡢNMRཬࡧᅛయHDⷧ⭷ࡢసᡂ᪉ἲ

85 2018B2-YAMAHARAᒣཎ ᘯ㟹ᮾி኱ᏛᕤᏛ⣔◊✲⛉ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼศගィ

86 2018B2-YAMAMOTOᒣᮏ Ꮥኵ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ࣅࢪࢿࢫ࢚ࣥࢪࢽ࢔ࣜࣥ
㧗ຠ⋡࡟సືࡍࡿᴟప
ࢢᑓᨷ

87 2018B2-YAMANAKAᒣ୰ ༓༤኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉࡟ࡼࡿഴᩳ᱁Ꮚṍࡳᕼᅵ㢮㕲࣮࢞ࢿࢵࢺⷧ⭷ࡢㄏ㟁ศᴟホ౯෭෾ᶵ⏝ࡢ❅໬≀ᮦᩱࡢྜᡂ

୰㉥እ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ㍍ඖ⣲ྠ఩యศᯒᶵჾ㛤Ⓨ

88 2018B2-YOSHIDAྜྷ⏣ ᐇ㏆␥኱Ꮫ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉࢚ࣝࣅ࣒࢘ࢻ࣮ࣉZBLANࣇ࢓࢖ࣂࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୰㉥እ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㛤Ⓨ

89 2018B2-YOSHIKAWA.Aྜྷᕝ ᙲᮾ໭኱Ꮫ㔠ᒓᮦᩱ◊✲ᡤ

X⥺఩┦࢖࣓࣮ࢪࣥࢢ࡟ྥࡅࡓ┦ศ㞳ᵓ㐀ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿඹᬗయࢩࣥࢳ࣮ࣞࢱࡢ㛤Ⓨ

90 2018B2-YOSHIKAWA.Hྜྷᕝ ὒྐᇸ⋢኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ᶵ⬟ᛶ᭷ᶵ⤖ᬗ๰〇ἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ

91 2018C-JOZAKIᇛᓮ ▱⮳ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲㝔࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉࣛࢬ࣐⛉Ꮫࡢࡓࡵࡢ᭱ඛ➃ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢඹྠ㛤Ⓨ࣭ඹ⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲఍

2

Enhanced laser-driven ion acceleration in a strong applied magnetic ﬁeld
Alexey Areﬁev,1 Toma Toncian,2 Joao J. Santos,3 Hiroki Morita,4 K. F. Farley Law,4 Daniil
Golovin,4 Satoru Shokita,4 Takato Mori,4 Morace Alessio,4 Akifumi Yogo,4 and Shinsuke Fujioka4
1 Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, San Diego
2 Institute for Radiation Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorfe
3 University of Bordeaux, Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications
4 Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University

INTRODUCTION

Laser-driven proton sources can deliver several tens of
MeV particle energies from the compact, transient accelerating structure generated by laser-matter interactions at relativistic intensities. The future development of novel applications such as fast proton ignition requires improvements inthe proton energy, beam divergence, and laser to proton energy conversion efﬁciency.
In target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA)[1], an intenselaser pulse irradiating a ﬂat solid-density target heats electronsand sets up a picosecond-duration and up to TV/m sheath ﬁeldthat gradually accelerates protons off the target surface. The
proton beam quality is thus linked to the hot electron spectrum
and the density distribution and lifetime of the sheath.
We have carried out two-dimensional and threedimensional particle-in-cell simulations[2, 3] which indicatethat nanosecond-duration sub-kT magnetic ﬁelds, accessible
by capacitor-coil targets developed at ILE[4], suppress lateralsheath electron transport, increase electron heating and coulddeliver enhanced TNSA performance.
Experiments at the LFEX laser facility will be aimed atmeasuring for the ﬁrst time the impact of an applied kTlevel magnetic ﬁeld on laser-driven proton acceleration in the
TNSA regime. The LFEX laser facility is the only facility capable of generating a nanosecond-duration kT-level magnetic
ﬁeld, can simultaneously drive TNSA, and is also uniquely
suited for investigating factors which affect the sheath dynamics such as electron heating and lateral transport. The capabilities of the LFEX laser facility will allow us to conduct a
proof-of-principle experiment into the effects of strong magnetic ﬁelds in TNSA, including a magnetic ﬁeld strength scan
to observe the onset of magnetic ﬁeld effects.

FIG. 1. Experimental setup for 3D design and 2D geometry. CH
foil as a proton source was put on tantalum, which protect CH foil
from some radiation. These targets are placed at the center of a coil.
CH foil and tantalum’s dimension are 200 × 200 × 50 μ m and 400 ×
200 × 50 μ m. An aluminum foil was put 5 mm away from CH foil.
It also protects CH foil from radiation. RCFs put 30 mm away fromaluminum detect the proton beam. RCFs have a hole at center to pass
the proton to Thomson parabola spectrometer.

foil. CH foil was on a tantalum shield to be protected fromradiation and a plasma generated on capacitor-coil. Accelerated proton beam was measure on a radiochromic ﬁlm(RCFs)
at 35 mm far from the foil. RCFs have a hole at its center, thespectra of a proton beam through the hole was measured byThomson parabola ion spectrometer. The spectra of the accelerated electron were also measured. The aluminum shield put
5 mm away from the foil protects the rear surface of the foil
from radiation.

RESULTS
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

We used three GXII beams to generate a strong magnetic
ﬁeld and a single LFEX to accelerate proton beam via TNSA
in this experiment. Experimental geometry is shown in Fig.1
Each GXII beam, which has 800 +/- 50 J of energy in 1054
nm of wavelength, is focused on capacitor-coil within xx of
spot size. The capacitor-coil target might generate ∼ 2 kT at
coil center 1.2 ns after GXII peak with 500 um of coil diameter and 50 um of wire diameter[5]. LFEX, which has 350 +/50 J of energy in 1054 nm of wavelength, is irradiated to CH

Figure 2 shows the plots of maximum proton energy against
the delay. 0 ps of a delay represents that GXII and LFEX
reach the targets at the same time. A positive delay means that
LFEX comes after the peak of GXII. An inset ﬁgure in Fig.2
shows the measured proton image without a capacitor-coil target. The maximum energy of this proton was 21.6 MeV. The
lowest energy was 5.8 MeV with an application of B-ﬁeld.
The acceleration energy of proton decreased with the delay between GXII and LFEX. The delay corresponds to thestrength of magnetic ﬁeld so that magnetic ﬁeld rises when2

FIG. 2. Maximum proton energy against the delay between GXII
and LFEX. Maximum proton energy decrease with the delay. Circles
and solid line represent the proton energy using a coil. Crosses anddashed line represent the proton energy using only plates. Positive
delay corresponds to that LFEX reaches the target after the peak of
GXII beams. An inset ﬁgure shows the proton image obtained with
only LFEX. The number in a ﬁgure shows the shot ID.

the delay increases. We expect that the maximum energyof the proton beam would increase with the delay in theory.
However, the maximum energy of the proton beam decreased
against our expectation. This decrease might be caused by theeffect of radiation from a capacitor plate irradiated by GXII
beams. The energy of three GXII beams is high enough togenerate high energy x-ray. The high energy x-ray can heata rear surface of the proton source, causing a deformation of
the rear surface. A sheath electric ﬁeld weakens due to thedeformation of a rear surface generates and leads to lower acceleration.
The proton energy increased a bit at 230 ps. We hope thisincrease was the effect of the applied magnetic ﬁeld.
We also carried out the experiments using the capacitor
plates which do not have a coil to conﬁrm the effect of radiation. In this case, the maximum proton energy was higher
than proton energy in case of using a coil. These results indicate the radiation from the coil itself can heat the protonsource apart from capacitor plates.
A large current ﬂows in a coil after the laser irradiation.
Ohmic heating due to the large current leads a coil expansion.
The expanding coil may touch the tantalum shield and protonsource. The experiment in other geometry was also performed
to remove the possibility of a contact.
The clear change in proton images was observed changing
the coil position. Figure 3 shows each target geometry and theobtained proton images. The proton source was put at the center of a coil in an original arrange as shown in Fig.3(a). The
proton image measured having 9.9 MeV of maximum protonenergy.at -10 ps was clear pattern (Fig.3(b) ). In the other arrange, the proton source was put at 250 um away from the

FIG. 3. Target arranges and obtained proton images. A proton source
was put at a center of a coil in an original arrange(a). In this case,clear proton pattern having 9.9 MeV of maximum energy was observed at -10 ps(b). In the other arrange, a proton source was put
250 μ m away from a center of a coil(c). The apparent difference in a
proton image was observed at -30 ps. However, the maximum energy
of proton (7.5 MeV) was lower than (c). Numbers shown in proton
images represent a shot ID each other.

center of a coil as shown in Fig.3(c). The proton image measured at -30 ps on this arrange have a characteristic patternshown in Fig. 3(d). It seems that the protons are collimatedat the top right of a hole. However, the maximum energy of
proton in this geometry was 7.5 MeV, lower than the energy
in the original arrange. The radiation from a coil itself may
still have caused this decrease.
SUMMARY

In summary, the proton acceleration using a capacitor-coilin this experiment is pretty sensitive to the inﬂuence of radiation which is generated when GXII laser irradiates a capacitorcoil target. The acceleration energy of proton decreased withthe delay between GXII and LFEX. This was caused by theradiation from a capacitor plate. And a decrease of proton energy was suppressed using only the capacitor plates. Results
indicate the radiation from the coil itself can heat the protonsource.
The evident change in proton images was observed changing the coil position. However, the maximum energy of proton
was still small due to radiation.
We used the shield for generated radiation, but it did notwork in this experiment. For the future experiment, we needto improve the counterplan of the generated radiation.

[1] S. C. Wilks, et.al, Phys. Plasmas, 8, 542 (2001),[2] A. Areﬁev, et.al, New J. Phys. 18, 105011 (2016),[3] J. J. Santos, et.al, Phys. Plasmas, 25, 056705 (2018),[4] S. Fujioka, et.al, Sci. Rep. 3 (2013), p. 1170,[5] K. F. F. Law, et.al, Appl. Phys. Lett. 108, 091104 (2016),

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࡞ᣮᡓⓗヨࡳࡶ⫢せ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
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0J+ ࢆఏᦙ୰ࡢ⾪ᧁᅽຊࡢῶ⾶ຠᯝࢆ᥎㔞ࡍࡿ࡜
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ŜĂĵ
[1] M. Yamada et al, Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 603(2010).
[2] M. Hoshino and Y. Lyubarsky, Space Sci. Rev.
173, 521 (2012).
[3] S. Fujioka et al, Sci. Rep. 3, 1170 (2013).
[4] ƉØłŝ }J. Plasma Fusion Res. 88, 261(2012).

レーザー衝撃圧縮下の惑星材料物質の分光観測：
隕石衝突による惑星大気海洋形成モデルの構築
梅田悠平 1、尾崎典雅 1、福井敬也 1、宮西宏併 2、関根利守 1、佐野孝好 2、兒玉了祐 1,2、冬木正紀 31

大阪大学大学院工学研究科、2 大阪大学レーザー科学研究所、3 畿央大学

はじめに

惑星や彗星に対する隕石衝突によって発生する、隕石物質または惑星表層物質の脱ガス・脱水反応は、惑星の海洋や大気の形成に大きく貢献したと考えられている。例えば、隕石中には炭酸塩鉱物（カルサイト、マグネサイト）や含水鉱物（サーペンティン、ゲーサイト）などが一定量含まれているため、超高速隕石衝突（一般的な衝突速度は 10 km/s 超）によって生じる
高圧・高温の極限環境下においては、衝突反応（分解）生成物として、炭酸塩鉱物からは二酸化炭素（and/or 一酸化炭素）などのガス成分、
含水鉱物からは水などが発生することが予想される。しかしながら、隕石衝突現象において支配的な圧力領域である 100 GPa 超の状態方程式
データは不足している。
本研究では隕石中や惑星表層に普遍的に存在する炭酸塩鉱物であるカルサイト（CaCO3）に着目した。衝撃圧縮下におけるカルサイトの圧力・温度計測と分光スペクトル観測を行い、物性量と化学反応データを取得し、炭酸塩鉱物の衝撃脱ガス反応が起こる温度圧力条件やその時間進展を明らかにすることが目的である。
本年度の実験では、カルサイトのユゴニオデー
タの取得を中心に行い、圧力 200 GPa から 1 TPa
における圧力・温度データを 7 点取得することに成功した。さらに衝撃圧縮中のカルサイトにおける自発光分光スペクトルデータの取得にも成功
した。
実験手法

カルサイトに対して、レーザー駆動の衝撃波を伝搬させることによって、隕石衝突下における極限環境下の脱ガス・脱水反応を再現した。衝撃圧
縮中の試料について、 (i) 速度干渉計（Velocity
Interferometer System for Any Reflector :VISAR）を用いた衝撃波速度計測、（ii）自発光輝度温度計 (Streak Optical Pyrometer : SOP) を用いた温度計測、 (iii) 分光器を用いた発光スペ
クトル計測を行った。

試料は単結晶のカルサイト（1 cm 角結晶）を用意し、4 mm 角、厚さ 500 um へ加工を行った。
ターゲット構成はレーザー照射側からアブレー
ターとして CH、標準物質として Al と Qz、試料の CaCO3 を用いた。Qz は Qz-真空界面の反射を防止するために AR コーティングを行った。本実験ではユゴニオ計測用（Fig. １）と分光計測用（Fig. 2）の２種類の構造のターゲットを使用した。
実験結果

カルサイトの衝撃波速度と粒子速度の関係をFig. 3、圧力と密度の関係を Fig. 4 に示す。衝撃波速度と粒子速度の関係について、先行研究による低圧側データ（<100 GPa）[1]と本実験データの近似直線（点線）を比較すると、両者に違いがあることが明らかになった。この領域（圧力 100200 GPa）における Us-up 関係の変化は、カルサイトの状態変化や化学反応の発生を示唆する結果であり、先行研究[2]によって予測されている、CaCO3 の脱炭酸反応や CaO のメルト化の圧力域と調和的である。また、カルサイト中を伝搬する
衝撃波面からのプローブ光の反射が 11.5 km/s を超えると観測されたことから、カルサイトの金属化開始圧力はおよそ 195 GPa である。
謝辞

本研究は大阪大学レーザー科学研究所での共同研究として実施されました。激光 XII 号に関わる職員の方々の支援に感謝致します。また、本実験におけるターゲット作成・実験オペレーションなどを中心となって行った修士学生の福井敬
也君をはじめ、他共同研究者の方々に感謝致し
ます。
引用文献

[1] N. G. Kalashnikov et al., Physics of the Solid
Earth, 2, 23-29 (1973).
[2] B.Ivanov and A. Deutsch, Physics of the Earth andPlanetary Interiors, 129, 131-143 (2002).

Fig. 3 衝撃波速度と粒子速度の関係

Fig. 1 ユゴニオ計測用セットアップと得られた VISAR・SOP データ

Fig. 4 圧力と密度の関係

Fig. 2 分光計測用セットアップと得られた分
光データ

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E 㹸㍈ୗ᪉ྥ࡬ഴ࠸ࡓ࢔࢘ࢺࣇ࣮ࣟ᪉ྥ࡬ࡢ␗᪉
ᛶࢆ⏕ࡌࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࡇࡢ QRQDGLDEDWLF 㡿ᇦ㏆ഐ࡛
ຍ㏿⌧㇟ࡢゎᯒゎࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᅔ㞴ࢆక࠺‫׋‬ᾀᾉᵱᶕᶃᶃᶒᵋᵮᵿᶐᶉᶃᶐ ἴἙἽỆấẬỦᩓ්ἉὊἚẇᴾ>%HUH]LQVNLLHWDO$VWURSK\VLFVRI&RVPLF5D\V

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QRQDGLDEDWLF 㡿ᇦࢆ┤᥋ᐃࡋࡓ౛ࡣࡲࡔ↓࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ┦ᑐㄽⓗ࡞㞟ගᙉᗘࢆᣢࡘ ᮏࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆഹ࠿࡟ࡎࡽࡋ࡚୪⾜࡟↷ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜
࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀㄏ㉳ࡍࡿ☢ሙྠኈࢆ᥋ゐࡉࡏ࡚ࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆ㉳ࡇࡍࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ:FPࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡜ࡢ┦஫స⏝࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㹩
7 ࡢ☢ሙࢆㄏ㉳ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊ
QRQDGLDEDWLF 㡿ᇦࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ༑ศ࡟࠶ࡿ
ᐇ㦂ࡢᴫせࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࠋ㞟ගᙉᗘ㹼:FPࠊࣃࣝࢫᖜ SV ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ ᮏࢆࠊୖୗ࡟ ȣP 㞳ࡋ࡚㞟ගࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᮏࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ඹ࡟ୖ࠿ࡽぢ࡚‫ ׋‬ᵑᾉᵐᵎᵏᵕ ࠰ỉᨗ‫܇‬ίᵏᵐᴾᵫᶃᵴὸỉᆰ᧓Ўࠋɽrࡢゅᗘࢆ௜ࡅ࡚ධᑕࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊᚑ᮶࠿ࡽ▱ࡽ

ᴾࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࢖࢜ࣥຍ㏿ᶵᵓ㸦716$㸧>0DFFKLHWDO
5HY0RG3K\V  @࡛ࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᪉
ྥ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎⷧ⭷ࡢ⿬㠃ᆶ┤᪉ྥ࡟࢖࢜ࣥࡀຍ㏿ࡉࢀࡿࠋᅗ  ࡟ࡣࠊ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮0H9 ࡢ㝧Ꮚ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ࢖࢜ࣥࡢ✵㛫ศᕸࢆ♧ࡍࡀࠊ୰ኸ࡟ࡳࡽࢀࡿ
ᡂศࡣ 716$ ᶵᵓ࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜ㄝ࡛᫂ࡁࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞
ࡀࡽࠊࡑࡢྑഃ㸦࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㐍⾜᪉ྥᐤࡾ㸧࡟ᐃࡉࢀࡓ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟␗࡞ࡿᡂศࡣㄝ࡛᫂ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ
㸦ࡇࡢᡂศ‫׋‬ᾃᾉᵐᵎᵏᵖ ࠰ỉኽௐẆἍἕἚỴἕἩỊ‫ ׋‬ᵑ ểӷẳẇᴾࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ  ࠿ᡤ࡟㞟ගࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࡣ

ᐃࡉࢀ

ᴾ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ㸧๓㏙ࡋࡓ QRQDGLDEDWLF 㡿ᇦࡢⓎ⏕࡟క࠺ㄏᑟ㟁ሙࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㐍⾜᪉ྥ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀண᝿>*XHWDO35( 

3R3  @ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢ௬ᐃࡢୗ
࡛ࡣ࢖࢜ࣥࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㐍⾜᪉ྥ࡟ຍ㏿ࢆཷࡅࡿࠋࡋ
ࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ࢖࢜ࣥࡢ␗᪉ᡂศࡣ☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙࣥ࡟ ࡼ ࡗ ࡚ Ⓨ ⏕ ࡋࡓ ࡇ ࡜ ࡀ♧ ၀ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡓࡔ ࡋ ࠊ
QRQDGLDEDWLF 㡿ᇦࡢㄏᑟ㟁ሙࡢࡳ࡛ 0H9 ࡢຍ㏿ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡢ࠿ࠊ716$ ࡞࡝࡯࠿ࡢຍ㏿ᶵᵓ࡜┦⿵ⓗ࡟ຍ㏿ࡀ⏕ࡌࡓࡢࡣᐃ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛  ᖺᗘࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊࡲࡎ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࠾ࡼࡧਦ ʁαϱφϧηφΝรߍͪ݃͢Վ

ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢ᮲௳ࢆ  ᖺᗘ࡜ྠ୍࡟タᐃࡋ࡚ࠊ෌
⌧ᛶࡢ☜ㄆࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊ ᖺᗘ࡜ྠࡌࣃ
࣓࣮ࣛࢱタᐃୗ࡛ࡣࠊᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ
㐍⾜᪉ྥࡢࡳ࡟࢖࢜ࣥࡀຍ㏿ࡉࢀࠊ෌⌧ᛶࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ᫬ࠊ/)(; ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣇࣟࣥࢺ࢚ࣥࢻ
㒊࡟ࡣ᫖ᖺᗘ࡜ࡣ␗࡞ࡿⓎ᣺ჾࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ࣉ
ࣜࣃࣝࢫ㝖ཤᶵᵓ㸦㐣㣬࿴྾཰యࡢཌࡉኚ᭦㸧ࡀ౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࣉࣟࣥࢺ࢚ࣥࢻ㒊࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣉࣜࣃࣝ
ࢫᐃ࡛ࡣ᫖ᖺ࡜ྠᵝࡢࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺᛶ⬟ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࣇࣝࣃ࣮࣡ቑᖜᚋࡢࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࡣ
ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡽࡎࠊ᫖ᖺᗘ࡜␗࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ࡜
࠸࠺ண᝿ࢆᡂࡋᚓࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ࠶࠼࡚ࢥࣥࢺࣛࢫࢺࢆ  ᱆ᝏࡃࡋࠊࣇ࢛

࣮࣒ⷧ⭷ࡢཌࡉࢆ༙ศ ȣP ࡟ࡋࡓ࡜ࡇࢁࠊࢱ࣮ࢤ
ࢵࢺ⿬㠃᪉ྥ࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ぢࡽࢀ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ≉ᚩⓗ࡞ศᕸࡀ⌧ࢀࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺഃ㠃᪉ྥ࡟ࡶ࢖࢜
ࣥࡀᐃࡉࢀࡓࠋ๓⪅ࡢࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ⿬㠃᪉ྥࡢ࢖࢜

ࣥࡣ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡀ 0H9 ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᫖ᖺࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࡶ኱ᖜ࡟኱ࡁ࠸ࠋQRQDGLDEDWLF 㡿ᇦࡢㄏᑟ㟁ሙࡀᙉࡃ࡞ࡗࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺഃ㠃᪉ྥࡢ࢖࢜ࣥࡶ௒ᅇึࡵ࡚

ᐃࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ࢔࢘

ࢺࣇ࣮ࣟ᪉ྥ࡬ࡢຍ㏿ࡀྠ᫬࡟㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
ヲ⣽࡞᳨ウࡣ௒ᚋᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡀࠊ☢Ẽࣜࢥࢿࢡࢩࣙ
ࣥ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࢀ࡟క࠺࢖࢜ࣥຍ㏿ࡣࠊࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺᐦᗘ
࡟ᙉࡃᨭ㓄ࡉࢀࡿࠊ㏫࡟ゝ࠼ࡤไᚚ࡛ࡁࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺
ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓព⩏ࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࡜⪃࠼
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ᩘ>䃛P䉝@L 䛿ග㊰㛗>䃛P@䜢⾲䛩䚹ᘧ  䛸ᘧ  䛻䜘䜚⇕ගᏛṍ>@䛜Ⓨ⏕䛧ᘧ  䛻♧䛩䚹dS  ǻT  L    ǻȜ
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ရ㉁䛾పୗ䜢ᘬ䛝㉳䛣䛧䝺䞊䝄䞊䝅䝵䝑䝖䝺䞊䝖䛾ไ㝈せᅉ䛸䛺䜛䚹
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3K\V/HWW  Investigation of the electronic and optical properties of fluoride crystals for laser
applications
John A. Harrison1, Marilou Cadatal-Raduban1, Luong Viet Mui2, and Nobuhiko Sarukura2
1

School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Albany, Auckland 0632 New Zealand, 2Institute ofLaser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 JapanINTRODUCTION
Fluoride crystals have long been recognized as
excellent short-wavelength solid-state laser hostmaterials in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) andultraviolet (UV) regions especially when doped withtrivalent rare-earth ions such as cerium (Ce3+) andneodymium (Nd3+) [1-4]. When used as laser materials,
knowing the optical and electronic properties of the laser
active crystal is important to determine energy transfer
mechanisms that either inhibit or enhance laser emission.
However, theoretical and experimental investigations ofthese properties are limited. For example, previous
calculations have underestimated the band gap energy offluoride crystals while experiments have not
implemented different conditions such as varying
pressure or temperature [5]. Moreover, the opticalproperties of fluoride crystals such as absorption
coefficient, refractive index, or transmission under highpressure are not investigated both theoretically andexperimentally. In order to achieve efficient laser
systems and photonic applications, theoretical studies
with better approximation are important to understandthe material’s salient features and to aid the crystal’s
growth and development. This project studied theelectronic and optical properties of lithium yttrium
fluoride (LiYF4). Through numerical calculations, we
determined this crystal’s prospects as a VUV laser hostmaterial.
METHODOLOGYThe numerical calculations used are based on
densityfunctional
theory(DFT)
using
Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) hybrid functionals. The
calculations employ plane-wave basis sets andprojector-augmented wave (PAW) pseudopotentials as
implemented within the Vienna Ab initio Simulation
Package (VASP). The exchange-correlation interactions
are described by the generalized gradient approximation(GGA) with (PBE0) hybrid functional [6-8]. The
plane-wave basis cutoff is 500 eV.
The crystal unit cell volume is initially optimized
using the Murnaghan equation of state to fit the curve ofthe total energy as a function of volume [9]. The lattice
constants are then obtained from the optimized volumes

to compute for the electronic band structures and opticalproperties of the fluoride crystal. For the band structureand density of states (DOS) diagrams, the k-points arechosen following the first Brillouin zone [10]. All
valence band maxima of the resulting diagrams are also
shifted to zero. For the optical properties, the complex
dielectric function was first obtained. The refractive
index, absorption coefficient, and optical transmittancewere derived from the complex dielectric function. In thecalculations, the excitonic effect is ignored, while thelocal field effect is considered.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Figure 1 shows the electronic structure of LiYF4.
Both the valence band maximum and the conduction
band minimum are situated at the  point. It has adirect band gap energy of 11.09 eV.

Fig. 1. Si
Simulated
LiYF4
l d electronicli bbandd structure off theh L
crystal at equilibrium. LiYF4 has a direct band gap of
11.09 eV at the  point.
The total and partial densities of states (DOS) of the
LiYF4 crystal are shown in Fig. 2. Three bands can beobserved from the total DOS in the range of – 25 to 16
eV. The bands from – 22.62 to – 17.64 eV are due to theF 2s and Y 4p orbitals. On the other hand, the valenceband from – 3.46 to 0 eV is mainly derived from the F 2p
orbital, while the conduction band from 10.70 to 16 eV ismainly derived from the Y 4d orbital. The Li 2s orbital
has minor contributions to both valence and conduction
bands. The direct band gap of LiYF4 originates from thetransition from F 2p of the valence band maximum to Y
4d of the conduction band minimum.

Fig. 2Total and partial DOS of the LiYF4 crystal atequilibrium. With a minor contribution from Li 2s, thevalence and conduction bands of LiYF4 are mainly
derived from F 2p and Y 4d, respectively.

(no) and extra-ordinary (ne) components. The calculated
refractive indices confirm that YLiF4 is a positivebirefringent crystal where the extra-ordinary refractive
index ne is greater than the ordinary refractive index no.
The maximum refractive indices are 1.6 and 1.8 forordinary and extra-ordinary components, respectively.
These occur at 100 nm. The ordinary and extra-ordinaryrefractive indices become constant at 1.22 and 1.30,
respectively, for wavelengths longer than 400 nm. Our
calculations differ by around 13 % compared with theexperimental refractive index for wavelengths ranging
from 225 to 2600 nm (0.48 to 5.51 eV) [11]. The
difference could be due to the temperature of the sample
during the experiment as the refractive index decreases
significantly with temperature [12]. Our calculations aredone at 0 K, while the experiments were done at liquid
nitrogen temperature (77 K) [11]. LiYF4 has anabsorption band in the VUV region from 100 to 200 nm.
We will perform future experiments to confirm theseabsorption bands. LiYF4 is highly transparent down to
the VUV region with an absorption edge around 121 nm.
CONCLUSIONSThe electronic band structure and optical propertiesof a perfect LiYF4 crystal were calculated based on DFT
using PBE0 hybrid functional. This crystal was found tohave a 289.31-Å3 crystal volume and 75.04-GPa bulk
modulus, which are all close to the reported experimental
values. LiYF4 was also determined to have an 11.09-eV
direct band gap originating from the F 2p to Y 4d
transition. Experimental investigations based on thepresent results are expected in the near future.
ACKNOWLEGEMENT
This work was supported by the Osaka University
Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE) through the
Collaborative
Research
Program
Grant
No.
2018B1-HARRISON.
REFERENCES

Fig. 3 (a) Refractive index, (b) absorption
coefficient, and (c) transmission and reflectivity of the
LiYF4 crystal. LiYF4 has a maximum refractive index of
1.60, an absorption edge at 121 nm, and hightransparency up to the visible region.
The refractive index, absorption coefficient,reflectivity, and transmittance of the LiYF4 crystal are
shown in Fig. 3. Its refractive index has similar ordinary[1] Z. Liu, K. Shimamura, K. Nakano, Na Mujilatu, T.
Fukuda, T. Kozeki, H. Ohtake, and N. Sarukura, Jpn. J.
Appl. Phys. 39, L88 (2000).
[2] J. Ehrlich, P. F. Moulton, and R. M. Jr. Osgood, Opt.
Lett. 4, 184 (1979).
[3] K. Yamanoi, Y. Minami, R. Nishi, Y. Shinzato, M.
Tsuboi, M. V. Luong, T. Nakazato, T. Shimizu, N.
Sarukura, M. C. Raduban, M. H. Pham, H. D. Nguyen, Y.
Yokota, A. Yoshikawa, M. Nagasono, and T. Ishikawa,Opt. Mater. 35, 2030 (2013).
[4] P. W. Dooley, J. Thøgersen, J. D. Gil, H. K. Haugenand R. L. Brooks, Opt. Commun. 183, 451 (2000).
[5] W. Y. Ching and Y. N. Xu, Phys. Rev. B. 63, 115101(2001).
[6] G. Kresse and J. Hafner, Phys. Rev. B 47, 558(1993).
[7] G. Kresse and J. Hafner, Phys. Rev. B 49, 14251

(1994).
[8] G. Kresse and J. Furthmüller, Comput. Mat. Sci. 6,
15 (1996).
[9] V. G. Tyuterev, and N. Vast, Comput. Mater. Sci 38,
350 (2006).
[10] W. Setyawan, and S. Curtarolo, Comput. Mater. Sci.
49, 299 (2010).
[11] N. P. Barnes and D. J. Gettemy, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 70,
1244 (1980).
[12] R. M. Waxler and G. W. Cleek, J. Res. Natl Bur.
Stand. A 77, 755 (1973).

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࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣ P- ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ฟᑕࣅ࣮࣒ᚄࡣ 
PP ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㸪ヨᩱࡢ኱ࡁࡉ࡟ྜࢃࡏ࡚㸪ࣁ࣮ࢻ࢔ࣃ࣮ࢳ࣮ࣕ࡟ࡼࡾ኱ࡁࡉࢆㄪᩚࡋࡓ㸬ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࢆࢹ࢕ࢵࣉἲ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࢩࣜࢥ࢙ࣥ࢘ࣁୖ࡟ᩘPP ཌ࡛ሬᕸࡋ㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫࢆ
P-FP ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ࡛  ୓ࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕࡋࡓ㸬↷ᑕᚋ㸪ṧ␃ࡋࡓࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࢆ᭷ᶵ⁐๣࡛Ὑί㝖ཤࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍ㸬┤ᚄ⣙ PPȭࡢฝࣞࣥࢬࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࡣࢩࣜࢥ
ࣥ⾲㠃ୖ࡟୍ᵝ࡟ሬᕸࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㸪↷ᑕ࢚࢟ࢩ࣐࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢᙉᗘศᕸ࡟ࡼࡾᅛ໬ࡋࡓཌࡉࡀ
␗࡞ࡾ㸪ฝ≧ࡢ࢞ࣛࢫࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅗ  ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝኚ㉁ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓ㸬࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ᡂࡉࢀ
ࡓ 6L2 ࢆྵࡵࡓࢼࣀ⢏Ꮚࡣ㸪࢜࢖ࣝࡢ⢓ᛶ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࡍࡄ࡟จ㞟ࡋ㸪ࢤࣝ≧࡟࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ㸬⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ග࡟ࡼࡾከගᏊ྾཰㐣⛬࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝࢆศ㞳ࡋ㸪6L2 ࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓ>@㸬6L2 ௨እ࡟ࡶ㸪6L ⢏Ꮚ㸪& ⢏ᏊࡢᏑᅾࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࡓࡵ㸪↷ᑕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ᮲௳➼᭱㐺໬ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵᅗ  $U) ࢚࢟ࢩ࣐࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡾࢩࣜ
ࢥ࢙ࣥ࢘ࣁ⾲㠃࡟ᙧᡂࡉࢀࡓࢩࣜ࢝
ࣞࣥࢬࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨࡟ࡣ㸪୰ᚰἼ㛗 QP㸪ࣃࣝࢫᖜ
IV ࡢ 7Lࢧࣇ࢓࢖࢔࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨㸦6SHFWUD3K\VLFV♫ +XUULFDQH㸧ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓ㸬ฟᑕࡋࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫ
ࡣ㸪෌⏕ቑᖜჾ࡟ࡼࡾ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆቑຍࡋࡓᚋ㸪」
ᩘࡢ࣑࣮࡛ࣛ㞟ගࣞࣥࢬ㸦I PP㸧࡟ᑟ࠿ࢀࡓ㸬
ࣞࣥࢬ㏱㐣ᚋࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣ P:㸦⧞㏉ࡋ࿘ἼᩘN+]㸧࡛࠶ࡾ㸪኱Ẽ୰ࡢ㞟ගⅬ࡛ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘࡣ -FP ࡜ồࡲࡗࡓ㸬ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜࢖ࣝ J ࢆ‶ࡓࡋࡓࢧࣥࣉࣝ⟶㸦ȭPP㸧࡟㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫࢆ࢜࢖ࣝᾮ㠃ἲ⥺࠿ࡽ↷ᑕࡋࡓ㸬࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕࡢ㞟ගⅬࡣ㸪࢜࢖ࣝᾮ㠃ࡼࡾୗ PP ࡢ఩⨨࡟タᐃࡋ㸪 ศ㛫↷ᑕࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ  ࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕᚋࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⟶ࡢᵝᏊࢆ♧ࡍ㸬࢜࢖ࣝ඲య࡟ⲔⰍࡢ㟭ࡀ᥃࠿ࡾ㸪ᾮ㠃ୖ㒊࡟ࡣ᭦࡟⃰࠸≀㉁ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ㸦ᅗ୰ࡢ㍤Ⅼࡣ࢔ࣛ࢖࣓ࣥࣥࢺ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮㸧఩⨨࡟ࡣ㯮Ⰽ໬ࡋࡓ≀㉁ࡢᏑᅾࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪㯮Ⰽ໬ࡋࡓཎᅉࡣ㸪ձ6L ࡲࡓࡣ & ࢼࣀ⢏Ꮚࡢ⏕ᡂ㸪ղ࢜࢖ࣝ୰୙⣧≀ࡢ⇞↝ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬↷ᑕᚋࡉࡽ࡟  ศᨺ⨨ࡍࡿ࡜㸪ୖ㒊࡟ᾋ㐟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ㯮Ⰽ㸦ⲔⰍ㸧ࡢ≀㉁ࡀ࢜࢖ࣝୗ࡟ỿẊࡍᮏ◊✲ࡣ㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮୕ḟඖ㐀ᙧἲ࡟ࡼࡾ㸪࢞ࣛࢫගᏛ⣲Ꮚᙧᡂࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡓ㸬௒ᚋ㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᮲௳ࡢ᭱㐺໬࡜࡜ࡶ࡟㸪ᚤ⣽ᵓ㐀ᙧᡂࡢヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺㸬ㅰ㎡ᮏ◊✲ࡢ୍㒊ࡣ㸪බ┈㈈ᅋἲே᪥ᮏᯈ◪ᏊᮦᩱᕤᏛຓᡂ఍࠾ࡼࡧබ┈㈈ᅋἲேኳ⏣㈈ᅋࡼࡾຓᡂࢆ
㡬࠸ࡓ⤖ᯝࡀྵࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ㸬኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾᐇ᪋ࡉࢀࡲࡋࡓ㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩>@ ୰஭Ꮥ࣭୸㇂ὒ஧㸸࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊✲㸪㸦㸧>@ 0'HXEHO *9)UH\PDQQ 0:HJHQHU 63HUHLUD
.%XVFK &6RXNRXOLV 1DWXUH 0DWHULDOV 3  >@ ).RW] .$UQROG :%DXHU '6FKLOG 1.HOOHU
.6DFKVHQKHLPHU701DUJDQJ
&5LFKWHU
'+HOPHU%(5DSS1DWXUH544  
>@ '71JX\HQ &0H\HUV 7'<HH 1$'XGXNRYLF
-)'HVWLQR &=KX (%'XRVV 7)%DXPDQQ
76XUDWZDOD-(6PD\5'6SHUDUV$GY0DWHU29 
>@ 00XUDKDUD 7)XQDWVX <2NDPRWR 3URF RI 63,(
5647  
>@ ≉㢪 ⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿගᏛᮦᩱࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್
1ᮏ㉺ఙ஧࣭2 ྜྷ⏣ᐇ࣭3 ᑠᕝ㑈࣭4 ⸨ᒸຍዉ࣭4 ྜྷᮧᨻᚿ࣭4 ᐿ㔝Ꮥஂ࣭3 ᳃ຬ௓࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⥲◊࣭ ㏆␥኱Ꮫ࣭ 㜰኱ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉࣭ 㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊ึࡵ࡟࣑࣮ࣛࠊࣞࣥࢬ࡞࡝ࡢගᏛ⣲Ꮚ࡟㧗ᙉᗘࢆᣢࡘ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࢆ↷ᑕࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ◚ቯ⌧㇟ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆࠕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࠖ࡜⛠ࡋࠊ㧗ฟຊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨ࡢᛶ⬟ࢆไ㝈ࡍࡿ኱ࡁ࡞せᅉ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࠋከࡃࡢ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࠊගᏛ⣲Ꮚ࣓࣮࣮࡛࢝ࡣࠊࣞ
࣮ࢨ࣮ᦆയࡢⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ᭱ప࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ㸦࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್㸧ࢆୖࡆࡿດຊࡀ᪥ࠎ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࣃࣝࢫ࡟ࡼࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࠊ⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ࡛ࡣప࠸ࡋࡁ࠸್࡜࡞ࡿ>@ࠋࡋࡁ࠸್
ࡢపୗࡣࠊ⧞㏉ࡋ࿘Ἴᩘࠊ↷ᑕࣃࣝࢫᩘ࡟౫Ꮡࡋࠊ
༙ศ⛬ᗘ࡟ࡲ࡛ୗࡀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ
ཎᅉ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⇕ࡢ⵳✚ࠊᛂຊࡸṍࡳࠊᚤᑠᦆയࠊ
Ḟ㝗⏕ᡂ࡞࡝ࠊᵝࠎ࡞㆟ㄽࡀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࢼࣀ⛊ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊⷧ⭷ᮦᩱࡢ྾཰ಀᩘࡸ⇕ఏᑟ⋡ࡢ㐪࠸ࡀᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್ࡢపୗ࡜㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ
࡜࠿ࡽࠊ⇕⵳✚࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ>@ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ㏆ᖺࠊᛴ㏿࡟฼⏝ࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࣇ࢙࣒
ࢺ⛊ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ࡟ࡼ
ࡾᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್ࡀపୗࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
>@ࠋࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣࠊ㧗࠸ࣃࣝࢫᙉᗘ
ࢆᣢࡘࡀᖹᆒ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣప࠸ࡓࡵࠊୖグࡢࡼ࠺࡞⇕ࡢ⵳✚࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᡃࠎࡣࠊ⇕௨እࡢᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್పୗཎᅉࢆ᫂ࡽ
࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ᫬㛫㛫㝸ࢆኚ࠼ࡓ  ࣃࣝࢫ࡟ࡼࡿ
▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫෆ㒊ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋSXOVH/,'7
7 
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/
V 
H
OV
X
S GHL]O 
D
P
U
R 
1

6DPSOH$6DPSOH%ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ ࣃࣝࢫࡢᦆയࡋࡁ
࠸್ࡣࠊࣃࣝࢫࡢ᫬㛫㛫㝸ࡀ▷ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡟ᚑ࠸పୗࡋࠊ
ࡑࡢኚ໬ࡣ▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫෆࡢ୙⣧≀⃰ᗘࡀከ࠸࡯࡝኱
ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋࡓ>@ࠋࡲࡓࠊࡑࡢᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್
ࡢపୗࡢ๭ྜࡣࠊ⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿ㏱㐣⋡పୗ࡜ᙉ࠸┦㛵ࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ>@ࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ ࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್ࡢపୗࡢせᅉࡣࠊ㏱㐣⋡పୗ࡜ྠࡌ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ㄏ㉳Ḟ㝗࡟ࡼࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧၀ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊ࢞ࣛࢫᮦᩱෆ࡟⏕ࡌࡓḞ㝗ࡣࠊ↷ᑕ⤊஢ᚋࠊ㛗᫬㛫࠿࠿ࡾᾘ⁛ࡋࠊඖࡢ㏱㐣⋡࡟ᡠࡿࠋࡲࡓḞ㝗ᾘ⁛ࡢ᫬㛫ࡣ࢞ࣛࢫ ᗘ࡟౫Ꮡࡋ▷ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀሗ
࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ>@ࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㧗 ᮲௳ୗ࠾࠸࡚Ḟ㝗ࡢ෌⤖ྜࢆಁ㐍ࡋࠊ▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫࡢ㏱㐣⋡పୗࢆᢚไࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
┠ⓗ࡟ࠊຍ⇕ಖᣢࡋࡓ▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫᮦᩱ࡬ࡢ⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋホ౯᪉ἲᅗ  ࡟㏱㐣⋡ ᐃᐇ㦂ࡢගᏛ㓄⨨ᅗࢆ♧ࡍࠋ↷ᑕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ග※࡟ࡣ $U) ࢚࢟ࢩ࣐࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㸦Ἴ㛗 
QP ࣃࣝࢫᖜ QV ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࿘Ἴᩘ +]㸧⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃࣝࢫࡣ↔Ⅼ㊥㞳  PP ࡢࣞࣥࢬࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࢧࣥࣉࣝ⾲㠃ࡼࡾ  PP ෆ㒊࡛ࠊ࢚ࢿࣝ
ࢠ࣮ᐦᗘ  -FP ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺ㄪᩚࡋࡓࠋ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ᫬ࡢධᑕࠊ㏱㐣࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆィ ࡋࠊ㏱㐣⋡ኚ໬ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋࢧࣥࣉࣝ࡟ࡣྜᡂ▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫ㸦PP㸧ࢆ⏝ពࡋࠊࣄ࣮ࢱ࣮ୖ࡟タ⨨ࡋࡓࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ๓ࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝ⾲㠃 ᗘࢆ㍽ᑕ ᗘィ࡟࡚ィ ࡋࠊᖖ ࠊΥࠊΥࠊΥࡢ㡰␒࡟ຍ⇕ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ ᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚  ࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕࡋ㏱㐣⋡ࢆィ ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊΥࡢヨ㦂⤊஢ࠊ⮬↛෭༷ࡢᚋࠊຍ⇕ᚋᖖ ࡜ࡋ࡚෌ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ
ArF excimer laser(193nm, 10ns, 100Hz)?

HR

Spot size
540 ђm 㽢850 ђm

Energymeter

Sample
HR







3XOVHVHSDUDWLRQWLPH>PV@ᅗ  ␗࡞ࡗࡓ㛫㝸ࡢ㸰ࣃࣝࢫ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫෆ㒊ᦆയࡋࡁ࠸್>@Lens
f=500 mmHalf
mirrorEnergymeter
Heater

8 mm

24 mm

ᅗ  ⧞㏉ࡋࣃࣝࢫ↷ᑕ࡟ࡼࡿ▼ⱥ࢞ࣛࢫ㏱㐣⋡ ᐃࡢᐇ㦂㓄⨨ᅗ

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Spectroscopic study of Praseodymium and Cerium co-doped APLF glass asimproved neutron scintillator
Marilou Cadatal-Raduban1, John A. Harrison1, Melvin John F. Empizo2, Takahiro Murata3,
Yuki Minami2, Keisuke Kawano2, Kohei Yamanoi2, Toshihiko Shimizu2, Nobuhiko Sarukura2,
Malgorzata Guzik4, Yannick Guyot5, and Georges Boulon5
1

Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Albany, Auckland 0632 New Zealand, 2Institute ofLaser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 Japan, 3Faculty of
Education, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan,

4

Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, ul. Joliot-Curie 14, Wroclaw 50-383 Poland, 5Univ
Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne 69622
FranceINTRODUCTION
Efficient detection of scattered neutrons is crucial
for realizing the potential of inertial confinement fusion
as a sustainable energy source. The efficiency of thenuclear fusion event is derived from the plasma areal
density that can be measured using several methods, themost desirable of which is down-scattered neutron
diagnostics. Therefore, a scintillator having a responsetime of less than 20 ns and high quantum efficiency forthe scattered neutrons is needed. Lanthanide ions, known
for their wide emission bands in the vacuum ultraviolet
and ultraviolet regions, have been used as activator
dopants in APLF [1]. The fluorescence band of
optically-activated lanthanides translates to shorter
lifetime in the order of 3 [2], which could satisfy one of
the above-mentioned criteria for an efficient scintillator.
Lanthanide ions singly-doped with APLF yield faster
response times than either Ce-doped lithium silicate
glasses or the glass scintillator GS2 where decay
lifetimes range from 50 to 70ns [3]. The decay time
profiles of singly-doped APLF vary depending on theconcentration and species of the activator ions, which are
4-6.6 ns with Nd3+ [4], 5.8-31ns with Er3+ [4], 16-19.3ns
with Pr3+ [5], and 23.3-40 ns with Ce3+ [6] withradioactive, optical, or x-ray excitation. However, there
is a usual tradeoff between short decay time andtherefore fast response and emission intensity, which can
result to very fast detector but with poor light throughput.
Therefore, this project investigates the effects ofcodoping APLF with Pr3+ and Ce3+ ions. We evaluate theoptical characteristics based on photoluminescence
excitation (PLE), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL),and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) analyses
for fixed Pr3+ and Ce3+ concentration ratio in the hostglass. We selected Ce3+ as co-activator due to its highfluorescence yield [7] and Pr3+ dopant for its short decay

time [5]. Singly-doped APLFs with either Ce3+ or Pr3+
have been recently shown to be capable of discriminating
down-scattered neutrons against background X-rays,
primary neutrons, and gamma signals in inertial
confinement fusion investigations [8]. Althoughcodoping of lanthanides with other host materials has
been reported for phosphor displays in the visible to nearinfrared [7], this study focuses on the spectral andtemporal responses in the UV region. Some of the
expected 4f5d4f transitions of Pr3+ fall below 200nm
so the optical characterizations of singly-doped Pr3+ orCe3+ APLF and codoped APLF were also examinedusing the spectroscopy beamline (BL7B) of the Instituteof Molecular Science (IMS, Japan) Ultraviolet
Synchrotron Orbital Radiation (UVSOR) facility. It isshown that in comparison to singly-doped APLF,
codoping can provide 4 times improvement in responsetime due to Pr3+ luminescence. The fast response time isattributed to a fast energy transfer from the 4f5d level of
Pr3+ and the 5d level of Ce3+. With four times
improvement in response time, this material may enable
very fast detection of secondary neutrons in inertial
confinement fusion.
EXPERIMENT
Twosingly-doped
andonecodoped20Al(PO3)3-80LiF + xPrF3 + yCeF3 (x=0, 1; y = 0, 0.5)
samples were prepared by the melt-quenching method
described in [2]. Namely, these were: APLF+1Pr0Ce,
APLF+0Pr1Ce, and APLF+1Pr0.5Ce. The precursor
materials
consistedofhigh-purity
aluminum
metaphosphate (Al(PO3)3), lithium fluoride (LiF),
6Li-enriched LiF, praseodymium fluoride (PrF3) andcerium fluoride (CeF3) powders. All the starting
materials were mixed in a glassy carbon crucible andwere melted for 0.5h at 1100°C in nitrogen atmosphere.
The glass melts were cooled to 400°C and weresubsequently annealed near the glass transition
temperature. The glasses were cooled down to room
temperature, and finally were cut into 22 mm diameter ×
6 mm thickness disks and polished on both sides to an
optical finish.
The spectral properties of APLF+1Pr0Ce,
APLF+0Pr1Ce, and APLF+1Pr0.5Ce were characterizedusing PLE and PL measurements under 200nm excitation
at the IMS-UVSOR facility. The PL spectra were alsomeasured under 217nm excitation using the fourthharmonics of Ti-sapphire regenerative amplifier at room
temperature. The photoluminescence lifetime wasmeasured with the same excitation at 1kHz repetition
rate and 100fs laser pulse duration focused on the APLF
glass surface. The luminescence was collected andfocused onto an imaging spectrograph with streak
camera and digital CCD camera attachments.

response time is four times (4x) shorter than the
APLF80+1Pr0Ce sample and the 19.6ns lifetime
previously obtained of APLF+Pr3+ [5] under similar
concentration, optical excitation, and temperature
condition. For the Ce3+ luminescence, the decay time has
somewhat broadened to 35ns but the emission intensity
was increased. From the luminescence observations, we
can infer that the 5d energy level of Ce3+ is the more
efficient at light-emitting state than the 4f5d levels of
Pr3+ in codoped APLF supporting the possibility ofenergy transfer between the two excited levels.
Measurements are underway to investigate further thetransfer mechanism and co-activation process brought bycodoping.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONSThe spectral characteristics were evaluated forsingly-doped and codoped samples. Figure 1 shows the
PL spectra under 217nm excitation for singly-doped andcodoped APLF glasses. Two distinct luminescence peaks
are attributable to each dopant emissions. The
asymmetric luminescence band from 220 to 285nm
corresponds to the 4f5d  4f transition of Pr3+. The
luminescence intensity at 238nm is more intense than at
260nm
for
both
APLF80+1Pr0Ceand
APLF80+1Pr0.5Ce samples. The luminescence peak at
337nm is ascribed to the 5d4f Ce3+ transition. From PL
spectra, we can discriminate the respective luminescenceof each activated ion and measure the respective
response times.

Fig. 1. PL spectra of APLF+1Pr0Ce APLF+0Pr1Ce, andAPLF+1Pr0.5Ce under 217 nm excitation.

Figure 2 shows the streak camera images of thefluorescence for singly-doped and codoped APLF
samples under 217nm excitation. A single exponentialfunction was used for fitting each respective decay
profiles. The fluorescence decay time is 17.7ns for
APLF80+1Pr0Ce and 30.6ns for APLF80+0Pr1Ce
luminescence. With codoping, the luminescence lifetimeof Pr3+ around 270 nm is improved to 5.5ns. This

Fig. 2. Streak camera images of photoluminescencearound 270 and 330 nm of (a) APLF+1Pr0Ce, (b)APLF+0Pr1Ce, and (c) APLF+1Pr0.5Ce under 217nm
excitation. The fluorescence decay times of singly-doped
APLF are 17.7ns for Pr3+ and 30.6ns for Ce3+
luminescence. The luminescence lifetime of Pr3+ is 5.5ns
and of Ce3+ is 35ns for codoped APLF.
CONCLUSIONSIn summary, we have investigated the spectral
properties of Pr3+ and Ce3+ codoped APLF glass. We
were able to discriminate the luminescence band fromeach ion and achieved 5.5ns decay time in Pr3+
luminescence. This is four times improvement of
singly-doped APLF. Ce3+ was found to be the more
efficient light-emitting state than Pr3+ in codoped APLF.
Fast response time in Pr3+ and increased emission
intensity of Ce3+ is attributed to a fast energy exchange
from the 4f5d level of Pr3+ and the 5d level of Ce3+. Theenergy transfer mechanism and co-activation needs
further investigation, but with four times improvement inresponse time, codoped APLF may find application as afast scintillator for inertial confinement fusion.
ACKNOWLEGEMENTS
This work was supported by the Osaka University
Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE) through the
Collaborative
Research
Program
Grant
No.
2018B1-RADUBAN, by the Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science (JSPS) through the Grants-in-Aid
for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) Grant No.
16K06725, and by the Japanese Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
through the Program for Creation of Research Platforms

and Sharing of Advanced Research Facilities (Photon
Beam Platform).
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 !       6     !  !   
/!     :&    !     4 5#   =    !   #/  !     !     /     :&    4  '      !   !     #    # !(  
!   0%3 !   (#    
!   0&;3 !   #/   6 /     #6  =  /      =     !    #   4    #! /      6 !       !   !  & '+)+(,-.

6 !  :& !  !   #/  
(    0 3 6  4 ;    # ! :&!      ! !     ! ! (  
6   #!  #/  !4 1 ! #/  # (  !        ( !  /    6       ! 
!  #4 5   >  !   /   #      /     6  >   #     7$8    !   !           7?8/          !    ((  4     05 3(! !:&    !   ! 
 !  /# ! 
6 #    6      4 ! /     #    /'      !          !    6 !(  > 
      ;!  
!  !    #   ( @(:&  > !  64'0#-+-.,
5 ( @(:&   >  /  6 ! 6 !
 :& !  !   #/  ! !
03  6  4 1  (   6   /     !
#      02 $3   0$2)&3 !    02$&23      #    4 5  :&!   / 
6 =  !   !  6     
     = 4 1  6   /   ! / +%+  !! 7:02$&&3A2&:58     +  /  6 #  ! $+B)4:&! /      !
  ! !  6   # !  #/ !4 1  6   /  6 # !    %
9    +  :5 ! ?  9      7023)? 2158 =    4 5   #  ,+ B  ,   

6   /    !    :5(215 9  /  !/!  !/ !/ ! !45
4     #  0  C3 5 (! ! :&   /  !   ! :&!  
      = 4 1  !  /    !
/   % 9    +  :5 !      !  05  3 =      ! /    !+B$4   05#3 /  !   !    6' !      6   / !  0 3   /     !    #! / 4$# /!!4#  # 
5 (! ! 4)#+#-1+-.,
D#    /     ( / !  (  "#  6 !( @(:&  > 4
1          ! 6  9#  !( '     /    #  /!   ?,  !  
!  ! 6 ! 4 1         6    !  (#/!            !   6 /   !  !   5 (! !    !       ' 04 4   !      '         34 !#   !    6       !     # 
#   4+E/      '    :& !(    4 1  6  ##       > F  :&    
 !  !        # !  9# :&! 4













    
   !     !   " ! #$   

D#  !   1 %    6 !
( @(:&   > 4 1    >  96      ;  /    '  
$,) 0$4 ;3 !      /! $ 41  ;   /  !    
 (6!( !#  :&   78   #   !(  !
 ! /    (     :& G$,0$4) ;34 #6! 6    /       ! 6  !   :&    !    
6  !41   ##    >  
6 ! / :& !  96# #!  =  4














 % &'(         
 !$ )*  +   ,  -./  012      +-3./04 D#   $ /    ;     ! 6   6 ! ( @(:&   > 4
1    > 
96     !     ;         4 D   ! 6  ;   /   # !   $      #  !  
 '     /  D#4 ?4 5 #  9       !    ! #       !      ;     4 1  6  !
             !  ! ! 6 ':&    0  $4+  3 7+8 ! 6    ! !6 ':&0$4
 37)
-8 ! ; 94 1 6   ##     >    6 ! / :& ! 
96#   ! 0  3 4














 0 )*   !           $        )*       D#   +       ( #  0&(*3          6   #    6 ! ( @(:&  > /!/ ; 4    = !  !        >  #    /; 
# #    0((!'   3   44

D(4;    !        !  !       !  #  /        =              0H534 5 !  
#          >  96   /  $'I     04 4 #  ! 3 / ;
   !    J 'I     / 
;  4 1    !      >   !   !  ; # !   (   >  ! #   6 !    ;!   4














 6 )*           
 7!     $     !       -,  ! /#  $ )*   
08
















$-   $,)    /   !  (  !
 6    4 K #!  #   ( # 
6  !  (#/:&! 
( >  /    6  4 D     
6 ! ( @(:&   >   !    
! ; ## #  
4 #/   # !    / 
/   4     >  ! #       ##  !6  !    (  
;!          
!    # !    :& !   #  /   !   6  /      (6 !
  # 45!!  #     !  (#/ :& !    6 !            !     4*,.345&,+ 
1  /' /   ! 6   & '      % "# # #  6 
L  # < 4 ,M( & 15 !6 & '     #      .
L   #4 1    # /      !   !                ! 1  #       !  " # ! " ##
1  # L  !     0& 1
 ""L3 !     L         0L34
#'#,  9 &* "   "         + +)*   &   :    #      + )*        "  - ,/ %

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K      !   6 !       !   !  
6 !  :& !  !   #/  
(   6  4 1  6 !   >   
 !  !    4+ E # ! ?, /!      # !  9#  :& !  6    6  4  !!         
96  9#  /          !   

78 24   24 %  :4 :# N4 2  ! O4 D#;" %6?$0)34
78 24'P!4Q#R$<  #   "  ! 0K (;2
K  J34
7$8 4 K4 %  24 4  <4  ! 14 K4 N#; '!(476J$034
7?8 44NK4 4224N4M424N#!
24 4N; '!(7!$J0-34
7+8 4 1' 4  ' 24 * N4
# 14N *4D  '/24 '
4  4  '  24    N4  *4
N# 4 "   ! 14 D ' ! ; '!(7!$-0-347)8 14  N4 * N4
' 4! (L! 6 14 ' 4  '  4
N 54 K'4"   14 D ' ! 4
#  14 1#  4  6 N4 1 54
2# 4*6 24N 24& !
14 '/; '! $8)-034
7-8 4N54K'N4 'N4*4! (L! 6 14 ' 14   4
 '  4 "   ! 14 D ' ! = >!
?+(!6-,,034୰㉥እ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ㍍ඖ⣲ྠ఩యศᯒᶵჾ㛤Ⓨᒣ୰ ༓༤ 1㸪᫬⏣ ⱱᶞ 2, ᶫ∎ ග 3, ᮧᒣ ⣧ᖹ 1, ᪂㏙ 㝯ኴ 1኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉  ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ Ⲉᇛ኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊࡞ࢃࡕࠊᙟᫍ㉳※ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ 10͙ࠊࢥࣥ

INTRODUCTION

ࢻࣛ࢖ࢺ㝹▼ࡢ㉳※ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ 1͙ࡢ⢭㛗ࡽࡃ᭶ࡣ↓Ỉࡢᒾ▼ኳయࡔ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊ
[1]

ᗘࡀせồࡉࢀࡿࠋ

Saal et al. (2008) ࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࠊ᭶ᒾ▼ࡢ୍㒊ࡢ㖔≀ᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊɊP ᖏࡢ 7'/$6 7XQDEOH 'LRGH

ࡸ࢞ࣛࢫࡢ୰࡟ỈࡀⓎぢࡉࢀ[2]ࠊ᭶࣐ࣥࢺࣝ୰࡟ࠊ

/DVHU $EVRUSWLRQ 6SHFWURPHWHU ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊỈ⣲ྠᏑᅾࡋࡓෆ㒊Ỉ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜᥎

఩యࠊ㓟⣲ྠ఩యࡢ

ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࣜ

ᐃ⢭ᗘࡢ᳨ドࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ

࣮ࣔࢺࢭࣥࢩࣥࢢᢏ⾡ࡢⓎ㐩࡟ࡼࡾࠊ᭶ᴟᇦ⾲㠃㏆ྠ఩యࢆ୍ᗘ

ഐ࡟ࡣᚤ㔞ࡢỈࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸦㹼 ᥎఩య࡟ࡼࡿᙳ㡪ࡀḟᅇࡢ್㸧ࡇ࡜ࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ>@>@ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋṇ☜࡞ỈࡢᏑᅾࡍࡿ఩⨨ࡸ㔞ࡣᐃ࠿࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊ᭶㠃ࡑࡢሙほࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊᚤ㔞Ỉࡢࢧࣥࣉࣝࣜࢱ࣮

ᐃࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࢭࣝෆ࡟྾╔ṧ␃ࡋࡓྠ
ᐃ࡟Ⓨ⌧ࡍࡿ㸦PHPRU\ຠᯝ࡜࿧ࡪ㸧ࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢᙳ㡪ࡢㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋEXPERIMENTS࡛ࣥࡣࠊከ㔞࡟࠶ࡿᆅ⌫Ỉ࡟ࡼࡿởᰁࡀᅇ㑊࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ᭶㠃࡟࠾ࡅࡿỈࡢ㉳※ࡸᏑᅾ᫬㛫ࢆ▱ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣỈࡢྠ఩యᐃࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ
Ᏹᐂᶵᦚ㍕ྍ⬟࡞⿦⨨࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ྠ఩యศ
ᯒἲࡣࠊ㍍㔞࡟ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛᭷฼࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣ
ྠ఩యศᏊࡈ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚྾཰Ἴ㛗ࡀࢃࡎ࠿࡟␗࡞
ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࠊ ᐃ≀㉁ࡢᩘᐦᗘỴᐃࡸྠ఩యศ
ᯒࢆ⾜࠺ᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᪤࡟ᆅୖ࡛ࡣ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓගᏛศᯒィࡀᚤ㔞Ỉศィ⏝ࡸྠ఩యᐃ⏝ࡋ࡚ᗈࡃᬑཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᝨᫍ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡟ព࿡࠶ࡿ⢭ᗘࢆಖࡕࡘࡘࠊᏱᐂᶵᦚ㍕⏝ࡢ㍍㔞࠿ࡘሀ∼࡞ྠ఩యศᯒ⿦⨨ࢆᐇ⏝໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᏳᐃ࡞Ỉ⣲ྠ఩యࡣ D ࡜ H ࡢ 2 ✀Fig.1 Configuration of TDLAS (2.7Ɋ m). Herriott Typemirrors with focal length of 0.2m were set for a vapor cellof 300 mm in length and at ͹Ͳ mm in diameter. Typicalpressure in vapor cell was set to 2000 Pa. Optical signals
were detected with lock-in amplifiers at 200Hz.

㢮࡛ࠊ⵨Ⓨ᫬࡞࡝࡛㉁㔞ྠ఩యศูຠᯝࡀ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ
ᐃ࡛ࡣ኱ࡲ࠿࡟ 10㸣ᐇ㦂㓄⨨ᅗࢆ Figure.1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣ DFB-⛬ᗘࡢ⢭ᗘࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊᙟᫍ㉳※㸦D rich㸧࡞ࡢ࠿ᆅ

260290㸦Nanoplus ♫㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ ᗘไᚚ࡛ 2729.5 nm⌫ⓗ࠿ࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣኴ㝧㢼㸦H rich㸧ࡢᙳ㡪ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸~2734.5 nm ࢆᤲᘬࡍࡿࠋỈ⵨Ẽࢭࣝ㸦ᐜ✚ 1350 cm3㸧࠿ࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡼࡾヲ⣽࡟ࡣࠊ㓟⣲ྠ఩య࡟ࡣࠊヨᩱᢞධ⏝ࡢ inlet ࡀタࡅ࡚࠶ࡾࠊ୍ᗘ࡟Ỉ 50

࡜ࡀ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ

16

O࡜

17

18

Oࠊ O ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢț್(ᶆ‽ᾏȣࣜࢵࢺࣝࢆࢭࣝ࡟ᑒධࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ

Ỉ࠿ࡽࡢ೫ᕪ)ࢆ࡜ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ㉁㔞ศูస⏝࡜ኴ㝧࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣࠊࢳࣙࢵࣃ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ᣺ᖜኚㄪ࠾ࡼࡧ┤᥋⣔࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㉳※ࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ༊ูࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡍ

ኚㄪ࡟ࡼࡿ࿘Ἴᩘኚㄪࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ௨ୗࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࡍ࡭࡚᣺ᖜኚㄪ㸦200Hz㸧࡛఩┦᳨Ἴィࢆᐇ᪋࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⥺ᙧᛶࡀぢࡽࢀࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊᐃ㔞ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ2931.920 nm ࡟࠶ࡿࡋࡓࠋධᑕග࡜ࢭࣝࢆ㏻㐣ࡋࡓฟᑕග࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡑࡢ

HH16O ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡࢆᇶ‽࡟ࠊ2731.143 nm ࡢ HH17O,ẚࢆ࡜ࡾࠊ྾ගᗘ࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊ

ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ

2731.675nm ࡢ HH18O ࡢ྾཰⥺ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ◊✲ᐊࡢ

െ 

ൌ ሺ ሻ

ǣ ฟᑕග,: ධᑕග,ሺ ሻǣ Ἴ㛗 ࡟࠾Ɂ: ྠ఩యᩘᐦᗘ,ǣ ග㊰㛗. ࡞ൈ ͳͲͲͲ ൌ ͙  permil 㸦 ༓ ศ ⋡ 㸧 ࡛ ⾲ ࡏ ࠊ ࠾ ࡼ ࡑࡅࡿ྾཰᩿㠃✚,⵨␃Ỉࡢᶆ‽ᾏỈ(SMOW)࠿ࡽࡢࡎࢀࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ

࠾ࠊ௒ᅇࡢග㊰㛗ࡣ 240cm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋǡヨᩱ ൌ ሼሺǡȀ ሻヨᩱ Ȁሺ

ǡ

Ȁ 

ሽെͳ

Ɂ  ̱ െ ͳǤ͵Ͳ͙ǡ Ɂ ̱ െ ͳͷǤͷ͙ ⛬ᗘࡢ್ࡀᚓࡽ
ࢀࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ

ᗘࡸᅽຊࡢኚື࡟క࠸ࣂࣛࢶ࢟ࡀ

኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋRESULTSࡲࡓ⃰ᗘࡢ␗࡞ࡿヨᩱࢆ㐃⥆ᐃࡍࡿ㝿࡟ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿ࠸ࢃࡺࡿࠕ࣓࣮ࣔࣜຠᯝࠖࢆ᳨ドࡋࡓࠋ

Fig. 2. Water isotope spectra for (a) distilled water, (b) D70%㸦HDO42%㸧, (c) 17O enriched 10.6% and (d) 18O
enriched 98.7%. Temperature and pressure was set to 18Υ
and 2000 Pa, respectively.

Fig.3. Investigation of memory effects for HDO lines.

⵨␃Ỉ࠾ࡼࡧྠ఩యࢆ⃰⦰ࡋࡓヨᩱỈ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㉥እ

D2O70%ࡢヨᩱࢆ྾཰ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ Fig. 2 ࡟♧ࡍࠋᚓࡽࢀࡓࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ

ࡋࣝࢆ HITRAN ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡘࡘࠊ⃰ᗘ࡟

Fig. 3. ࡟♧ࡍࠋ⤖ᯝࡣࠊ3 ᅇࡢ⵨␃Ỉᛂࡌ࡚ቑ኱ࡍࡿࣆ࣮ࢡࢆ㆑ูࡋࡓࠋ⵨␃Ỉ࡛ࡣᙅࡃ཰ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀࠊ⵨␃Ỉࡢࡶࡢ࡜୍⮴ࡋࡓࠋᐇ㝿ࡣࠊ࡚ほᐹࡉࢀ࡞࠸ྠ఩యࣆ࣮ࢡࡀࠊ㧗⃰ᗘヨᩱ࡛ࡣほຍ⇕ࡋࡓ஝⇱࣒࣊ࣜ࢘࢞ࢫࢆ㏻㐣ࡉࡏࡿ࡞࡝ࡋ࡚ࠊ

ᐃࡋ࡚ࠊHDO ࡢ྾཰⥺ࡢኚ໬ࢆ㏣㊧ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࢆᐃᚋ࡟ࠊ྾ගᏛࢭࣝࢆὙίࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
୍⯡࡟ගᏛᐃࡋࡓᚋࠊ⵨␃Ỉヨᩱࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ᐃ࡛ࡣࠊ྾཰⥺ࡈ࡜࡟㣬࿴≉ᛶࡀ␗࡞ࡾࠊ㧗྾཰ᇦ࡛⃰ᗘࢆỴᐃࡍࡿሙྜࡣࠊὀពࡀᚲACKNOWLEGEMENT(S)せ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ⏝࠸ࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡛ྛྠ఩యศู⬟ຊࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡓࡔࡋࠊ௒ᅇ౑⏝ࡍࡿἼ㛗ᇦࠊග㊰㛗࡛ィᮏ◊✲ࡣ⛉◊㈝ 16K13875ࠊILE ඹྠ◊✲㈝ࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ
JAXA ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࣁࣈ࡞࡝ࡢᨭ᥼ࢆཷࡅࡓࠋ

ࡍࡿ㝈ࡾࠊHDO ࡢᙉ࠸྾཰ࡣࠊ

2730.728nm ࡛ࡢࡳほ࡛ࡁࠊ✚ศᙉᗘ࡛ィࡍࡿሙ

REFERENCESྜࡣ㞄᥋ࡍࡿ HHO㸦2730.68 nm㸧࡜ࡢࣆ࣮ࢡศ㞳ࡀ

[1] A. E. Saal et al. (2008), Nature, 454, 192-195.

ᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊࣆ࣮ࢡ఩⨨࡛ホ౯ࡍࡿ

[2] K. L. Robinson and G. J. Taylor, (2014), Nature geoscience,ሙྜࡣࠊHDO ⃰ᗘ 8.4%ࡲ࡛ࡣ⃰ᗘ࡟ᑐࡋࠊ⥺ᙧ࡟18

7, pp.401-408.

ቑຍࡍࡿ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ
୍᪉ࠊHH O ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ

[3] M. T. Zuber et al., (2012) nature 486, 378-381.

2730.915 nm ࠾ࡼࡧ 2731.718 nm ࡢ྾཰࡛ྠᵝ࡞⃰ᗘ[4] J. Haruyama et al., (2008) Science 322, 5903.

㧗ຠ⋡࡟సືࡍࡿᴟప

෭෾ᶵ⏝ࡢ❅໬≀ᮦᩱࡢྜᡂ

ᒣᮏᏕኵ ࠊ㧗ᶫᙟከ ࠊ⸨ᯞ ಇ ࠊΎ㔝ᬛྐ ࠊ୰ᕝ ㈗ ࠊቑᒣ᪂஧ ࠊ⸨ᒸຍዉ 㜰኱ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ࠊ ኱ᓥၟ⯪㧗ᑓࠊ 㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡛ࡢ෭෾ฟຊࡀ᭱㐺࡜࡞ࡿ⵳෭ჾࡢ⵳෭ᮦࡢᵓᡂࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㧗 ➃ഃ࠿ࡽప ➃ഃ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚ T& ࡀẁ㝵ⓗ࡟పୗࡍࡿࡼ࠺
࡟␗࡞ࡿ⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx1 ❅໬≀ࢆ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡࡿࡇ࡜
࡟ࡼࡾࠊ*0 ෭෾ᶵࡢ෭෾⬟ຊࡀ㣕㌍ⓗ࡟ྥୖࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆぢฟࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊୖ㏙ࡢ⵳෭ჾࢆᵓ⠏ࡋ᳨࡚ドヨ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺࡟ࡣࠊ⵳෭ჾ࡟㧗ᐦᗘ࡛඘ሸࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡿ⌫≧ࡢᮦᩱࡀᚲ㡲࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ
◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ⌫≧ࡢ (Ux+Rx ྜ㔠⢊ᮎࢆฟⓎ⣲ᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࠊᙧ≧ࢆಖᣢࡋ࡚⤌ᡂࡢ␗࡞ࡿ (Ux+Rx1 ❅໬≀⢊ᮎࢆస〇ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋᐇ㦂⌫≧ࡢ (Ux+Rx ྜ㔠⢊ᮎ㸦x ࠊࠊ㸧ࢆ
ฟⓎཎᩱ࡜ࡋࠊࡑࢀ࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊ᡤ᭷ࡢ⇕㛫➼᪉ຍᅽ⿦⨨ 2'U+,3 .REHOFR&R/WG ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ Υ࠾ࡼࡧ 03D ࡢẚ㍑ⓗ㧗 ࠾ࡼࡧ㧗ᅽࡢ 1 ୰࡛ 
K ಖᣢࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛❅໬ヨᩱࢆస〇ࡋࡓࠋ&X ⟶⌫ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ ; ⥺ᅇᢡ ᐃ࡟ࡼࡾ❅໬ヨᩱࡢ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᙧែホ౯ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ 6(0 ほᐹࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹᅗ  ࡟ࠊ␗࡞ࡿ⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx ྜ㔠⢊ᮎ࠿ࡽᚓࡓ
❅໬ヨᩱࡢ ; ⥺ᅇᢡࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᅇᢡ

(U +R 1
x








x 





x



,QW DUEXQLWࡣࡌࡵ࡟ᴟప ࡢ⏕ᡂ࡟ᗈࡃᬑཬࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ *0 *LIIRUG
0F0DKRQ  ෭෾ᶵࡢ㧗ᛶ⬟໬ࡣࠊᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡛Ἴཬຠᯝࡀண ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊࡑࡢᐇ⌧ࡀᙉࡃᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ*0 ෭෾ᶵࡣᐮ๣ࡢ〇㐀࡟฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ศ㔝࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ෭༷ࡀᚲせ࡞Ⓨ᣺ჾ࡬ࡢ㈉⊩ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ*0 ෭෾ᶵࡣࠊ෭፹࢞
ࢫࡢ᩿⇕ᅽ⦰࡟ࡼࡾᴟప ࢆ⏕ᡂࡋࠊ⵳෭ჾ࡟෭⇕ࢆ⵳࠼ࡿ௙⤌ࡳ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ*0 ෭෾ᶵࡢᛶ⬟ࡣࠊ⵳෭ჾࡢᛶ⬟ࢆᙉࡃ཯ᫎࡍࡿࠋ*0 ෭෾ᶵࡢ㧗ᛶ⬟໬࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࠊయ✚ẚ⇕ࡢ኱ࡁ࡞⵳෭ᮦࡢ
㛤Ⓨࡀᮃࡲࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᕼᅵ㢮❅໬≀㸦/Q1/Q 1Gࠊ*Gࠊ7Eࠊ'\ࠊ+Rࠊ(U㸧࡜ࡑࢀࡽࡢᅛ⁐యࡣࠊ1D&O ᆺᵓ㐀ࢆ᭷ࡋࠊ㹼 . ࡢ࣮࢟ࣗࣜ ᗘ T& ࡟࠾࠸࡚  ḟࡢ☢Ẽ┦㌿⛣ࢆ♧ࡍᙉ☢ᛶయ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊᕼᅵ㢮❅໬≀ࡀ኱ࡁ࡞☢Ẽ࣮࣓ࣔࣥࢺࢆ᭷ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟
╔┠ࡋ࡚య✚ẚ⇕ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣ T& ㏆ഐ࡛኱ࡁ࡞☢Ẽẚ⇕ࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ >@ࠋࡲࡓࠊ(Ux+Rx1 ࡢ஧ඖ⣔❅໬≀ࡢ (U ⤌ᡂ x ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊT& ࡣ 㹼. ࡢ ᗘ⠊ᅖ࡟࠾࠸࡚
௵ព࡟ㄪᩚྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡣࢫࢸࣥࣞ
ࢫ㗰࡜ྠ⛬ᗘࡢ⇕ఏᑟᗘࢆ♧ࡍࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊ(Ux+Rx1❅໬≀ࡣ *0 ෭෾ᶵࡢ⵳෭ᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟᭷ᮃ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋ᭱㏆ࠊᮏ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠊᕷ㈍ࡢ  : ࡢ *0 ෭෾ᶵࢆ⏝࠸࡚ (Ux+Rx1 ❅໬≀ࡢᐇ⿦ヨ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ>@ࠋ඾ᆺⓗ࡟ࡣ⵳෭ჾࡣ  ẁᵓ㐀࡛ࠊ ẁ┠ࡣ 3E
࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࠊ ẁ┠ࡣ +R&X ࡛ᵓᡂࡉࢀࡿࠋ+R&X
ࡢ᭰ࢃࡾ࡟ᵝࠎ࡞⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx1 ࢆ඘ሸࡋࠊ .






x x 

)LJ ඃࢀࡓ෭෾⬟ຊࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿ *0 ෭෾ᶵ⏝ࡢ⵳෭ჾࡢᶍᘧᅗࠋ␗࡞ࡿ⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx1 ❅໬≀ࢆ✚ࡳ㔜ࡡࡓᵓ㐀ࠋ



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ヨᩱࡢ ; ⥺ᅇᢡࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࠋ

(Ux+Rx1

a ύ



ᮏ◊✲
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.OHVQDUet al.>@
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)LJ

(U⤌ᡂx(Ux+Rx1 ❅໬≀ࡢ᱁Ꮚᐃᩘ a ࡢ (U ⤌ᡂ x ౫Ꮡᛶࠋẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ࡟᪤ሗ>@ࡢ್ࡶ♧ࡍࠋࡲࡓࠊ(U ࡜+R ࡢ࢖༙࢜ࣥᚄࡢᕪ࠿ࡽண ࡉࢀࡿ᱁Ꮚᐃᩘ
ࡢኚ໬ࢆⅬ⥺࡛♧ࡍࠋx 

ࣆ࣮ࢡࡣ 1D&O ᆺᵓ㐀࡛ᣦᩘ௜ࡅฟ᮶ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ
⇕㛫➼᪉ຍᅽ⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓẚ㍑ⓗ㧗 ࠾ࡼࡧ㧗ᅽ࡛ࡢ❅໬ฎ⌮࡟ࡼࡾ༢┦ࡢ (Ux+Rx1 ྜ㔠❅໬≀ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ(U ⤌ᡂ x ࡢῶᑡ࡟క࠸ᅇᢡࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣ඲యⓗ࡟పゅᗘഃ࡟ࢩࣇࢺࡋࠊ᱁Ꮚࡣ⭾ᙇࡍࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ; ⥺ᅇᢡࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽồࡵࡓ᱁Ꮚᐃᩘࡢ (U ⃰ᗘ x ౫Ꮡᛶࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࠋẚ㍑ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ(U1 ࡢ᪤ሗࡢ᱁
Ꮚᐃᩘࡶ♧ࡍࠋx  ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᱁Ꮚᐃᩘࡣࠊ᪤ሗ࡜㏆࠸್ࢆ♧ࡍࠋᕼᅵ㢮ඖ⣲ࡢ࢖༙࢜ࣥᚄࡣࠊࣛࣥࢱࣀ
࢖ࢻ཰⦰࡟ࡼࡾࠊཎᏊ␒ྕࡀ኱ࡁ࠸࡯࡝ᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࡘࡲࡾࠊཎᏊ␒ྕ  ࡢ +R ࡣཎᏊ␒ྕ  ࡢ (U ࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࡞࢖༙࢜ࣥᚄࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࠋᅗ୰࡟Ⅼ⥺࡛♧ࡋࡓ
(U ࡜ +R ࡢ࢖༙࢜ࣥᚄࡢᕪ࠿ࡽண ࡉࢀࡿ᱁Ꮚᐃᩘ
ࡢኚ໬࡜ᐇ㦂ࢹ࣮ࢱࡣ࡯ࡰ୍⮴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡼࡾࠊ(U ⃰ᗘ x ࡢῶᑡ࡟క࠺᱁Ꮚᐃᩘࡢቑຍࡣࣛࣥࢱࣀ࢖ࢻ཰
⦰࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿࠋ
␗࡞ࡿ⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx ྜ㔠⢊ᮎ࠿ࡽᚓࡓ❅໬ヨᩱ
ࡢ 6(0 ീࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࠋ࡝ࡕࡽࡢ⤌ᡂࡢヨᩱ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ⌫≧ࡢ⢊ᮎࡀほᐹࡉࢀࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊฟⓎ⣲ᮦࡢᙧ≧ࡣ❅໬ฎ⌮ᚋࡶಖᣢࡉࢀࡿࠋ❅໬ฎ⌮࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⌫≧⢊ᮎࡢ⾲㠃ࡣᚤ⣽⢏Ꮚ࡛そࢃࢀࡿࡀࠊ࣊ࣉ
ࢱࣥ୰࡛ࡢ㉸㡢ἼὙί࡛ྲྀࡾ㝖ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋᚑࡗ࡚ࠊ␗࡞ࡿ⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx1 ྜ㔠❅໬≀ࡢ⌫≧⢊ᮎࡢస〇࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋ
ࡲ࡜ࡵ⇕㛫➼᪉ຍᅽ⿦⨨ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓẚ㍑ⓗ㧗 ࠾ࡼࡧ㧗ᅽ࡛ࡢ❅໬ฎ⌮࡟ࡼࡾࠊ␗࡞ࡿ⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx1 ❅໬≀ࡢ⌫≧⢊ᮎࡢస〇࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆ㐺ษ࡟✚ࡳ㔜ࡡ࡚⵳෭ჾࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ*0 ෭෾ᶵࡢ≉ᛶྥୖࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋ

x 

)LJ ␗࡞ࡿ⤌ᡂࡢ (Ux+Rx1 ❅໬≀ࡢ 6(0 ീࠋ

5()(5(1&(6>@ 7 1DNDJDZD 7 $UDNDZD . 6DNR 1 7RPLRND 7 $
<DPDPRWR 7 .XVXQRVH . 1LLKDUD . .DPL\D DQG 7
1XPD]DZD J. Alloys Comp   
>@61LVKLR71DNDJDZD7$UDNDZD17RPLRNDDQG7$<DPDPRWRJ. Appl. Phys   .>@ 7 1DNDJDZD 7 0L\DXFKL 7 6KLUDLVKL 6 6HLQR 7 $
<DPDPRWR<)XMLPRWR DQG60DVX\DPD J. Phys.: Conf.
Ser   
>@ + 3 .OHVQDU DQG 3 5RJO +LJK 7HPS+LJK 3UHVVXUHV  

㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗㠀⥺ᙧࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ
ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮࣒ࣗගࡢⓎ⏕ྜྷ⏣ᐇ 1, ⥘஭㈗ᩍ 1,2஭ୖ㐶,2ྜ㇂㈼἞ 2᫬⏣ⱱᶞ 2Ἑ௰‽஧ 2 ㏆኱㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ  㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊ ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࣜࣥࢢᆺඹ᣺ჾෆࡢᑟἼ㊰࡛㠀⥺ᙧ೫Ἴᅇ㌿
ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࠊ೫Ἴࢆㄪᩚࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇࡉ ࢚ࣝࣅ࣒࢘ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㑄⛣࡟ࡼࡾⓎ᣺ࡍࢀࡓࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ࣃࣝࢫࡀฟຊࡉࢀࡿࠋࡿ  P ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡣỈ࡬ࡢ྾཰ࡀ኱ࡁ࠸

ࡓࡵ⏕యฎ⨨ࡢࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚ᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋಶయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡸගᏛ⤖ᬗࢆ⏝࠸ࡓἼ㛗ኚ᥮࡞࡝ࠊἼ㛗  P ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆⓎ᣺ࡉࡏࡿ᪉
ἲࡣ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿Ꮡᅾࡍࡿࡀࠊ኱ᆺࠊపຠ⋡࡞࡝ࡢၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴྍ⬟࡞
Ⓨ᣺ჾ࡜ࡋ࡚ࣇࢵ໬≀ࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣮࢜ࣝࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮ඹ᣺ჾࡢ◊✲ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ࣮࢜ࣝࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮ඹ᣺ჾࡢసᡂ࡟ࡣࣇࢵ໬≀ ࣇ ࢓ ࢖ ࣂ ࣮ =%/$1 ࡟ )LEHU %UDJJ*UDWLQJ )%* ࢆ᭩ࡁ㎸ࡳࠊ≉ᛶࢆホ౯ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ)%* ࡟ࡼࡿ≉ᛶࢆṇ☜࡟ホ౯ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ  P ࢆྵࡴᗈᖏᇦࡢගࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅗ 1: ࣜࣥࢢᆺඹ᣺ჾ

ࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮࡟ධᑕྍ⬟࡞୰㉥እ㡿ᇦࡢᗈᖏᇦ
ගࡣ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡾⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮
ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮࣒ࣗගࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࣜࣥࢢᆺࡢࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ࣃࣝࢫⓎ᣺ჾࢆసᡂࡋࠊ

ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ࣃࣝࢫ

㧗㠀⥺ᙧࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮࡟ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ࣃࣝࢫࢆධ ࣜࣥࢢᆺඹ᣺ჾࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓගࢆ G% ࢝ࣉᑕࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮ࣗ

ࣛ࡟ࡼࡾศᒱࡋ 2SWLFDO6SHFWUXP$QDO\]HU 26$

࣒ගࡢⓎ⏕ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋ

ࢆ⏝࠸࡚



࡟࣮࢜ࢺࢥ࣮ࣜࣞࢱ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࣜࣥࢢᆺඹ᣺ჾ

ᐃࡋࡓࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆᅗ  ♧ࡍࠋྠᵝᐃࡋࡓ⮬ᕫ┦㛵Ἴᙧࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࠋࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡜⮬ᕫ┦㛵ᐃ᫬ࡢບ㉳ධຊࡣ P:ࠊᖹᆒฟຊࡣ   ࣜࣥࢢᆺඹ᣺ჾࡢᵓᡂࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࠋ/' ࠿

P: ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࿘Ἴᩘࡣ  0+] ࡛ࡽⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡓ  QP ࡢගࢆ࣏ࣥࣉග࡜ࡋࠊ࢚

࠶ࡾඹ᣺ჾࡢග㊰㛗࡜୍⮴ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋࣝࣅ࣒࢘ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㑄⛣࡟ࡼࡾ QP ࡢࣞ࿘Ἴᩘࡼࡾࣃࣝࢫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡣ  Q- ࡜ィ⟬࣮ࢨ࣮ගࢆⓎ᣺ࡉࡏࡓࠋඹ᣺ჾࢆࣜࣥࢢᆺ࡟ᵓ

࡛ࡁࡿࠋ௒ᅇ

ᡂࡋࠊ೫Ἴࢥࣥࢺ࣮࣮ࣟࣛ 3& ࡢㄪᩚࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋIV ࡢࣀ࢖ࢬࣛ࢖ࢡࣃࣝࢫ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

ᐃࡉࢀࡓࣃࣝࢫࡣࣃࣝࢫᖜ ᡂᯝ࡜௒ᚋࡢィ⏬ ࣜࣥࢢᆺඹ᣺ჾࢆసᡂࡋ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇ࡟ࡼࡿ
㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡓࠋᚓࡽࢀࡓ㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫࡣ⮬ᕫ┦㛵Ἴᙧ࠿ࡽࣀ࢖ࢬࣛ࢖ࢡࣃࣝࢫ࡛࠶
ࡿ࡜ุ᩿ࡉࢀࡿࠋࣀ࢖ࢬࣛ࢖ࢡࣃࣝࢫࡣඹ᣺ჾ
ᅗ 2: ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ

ෆ࡛⏕ᡂ࡜ᔂቯࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡍ࣐ࣝࢳࣃࣝࢫࡢ୍✀ ࡛ ࠶ࡿ ࠋᚓ ࡽࢀ ࡓࣀ ࢖ࢬ ࣛ ࢖ࢡ ࣃࣝ ࢫ ࢆ=%/$1 ࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮࡟㏱㐣ࡉࡏࠊ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮࣒ࣗගࡢⓎ⏕ࢆヨࡳࡓࡀࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢᣑࡀࡾࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣ 6& ගࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢධᑕ
ගࡢᙉᗘࡀ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᮶ᖺᗘࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㠀⥺ᙧࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮࡟ධᑕ

ᅗ 3: ⮬ᕫ┦㛵ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮࣒ࣗග

ࡉࡏࡿගࡢᙉᗘࢆࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮࣒ࣗ
ගࡢⓎ⏕ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࣃࣝࢫ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮
 Q- ௨ୖࡲ࡛ቑᖜࡋࠊࣀ࢖ࢬࣛ࢖ࢡࣃࣝࢫ࡟ ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮࣒ࣗගⓎ⏕ࡢࡓࡵࡢࡼࡿࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࢸ࢕ࢽ࣮࣒ࣗගࡢⓎ⏕ࢆヨᐇ㦂⣔ࢆᅗ㸲࡟♧ࡍࠋ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡳࡿ>@ࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡏࡿ፹㉁࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ୰㉥እ㡿ᇦࡢගࢆ㏱㐣ྍ⬟࡞᪉ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ =%/$1 ࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮ࡢ  ಸ௨ୖࡢ=%/$1 ࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࣜࣥࢢᆺඹ᣺ჾ

㠀⥺ᙧᒅᢡ⋡ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࢝ࣝࢥࢤࢼ࢖ࢻࢢࣛࢫ

ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓ㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫࢆࣞࣥࢬ࡛㞟ගࡉࡏࠊࣇ࢛ࢺࢽࢵࢡ⤖ᬗࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ=%/$1 ࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮࡟ධᑕࡉࡏࡓࠋ=%/$1 ࣇ࢓⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

࢖ࣂ࣮ࢆ㏱㐣ࡍࡿ๓ᚋࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆᅗ㸳࡟♧ࡍࠋ=%/$1 ࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮㏱㐣๓ᚋ࡛ࡣࢫ࣌ࢡ
ࢺࣝᖜࡢኚ໬ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩>@6XSHUFRQWLQXXPJHQHUDWLRQ  /DVHUVILEHU  1RQOLQHDURSWLFVILEHUVᅗ 4: SC ගⓎ⏕⿦⨨ᅗ 5: ZBLAN ㏱㐣๓ᚋࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ

࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡿ఩⨨ࡀຠ⋡࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽゎᯒᑠᯘ ு ∦ᒸ ಇ஧ 㟷ᰗ ඃᏱ ᰘ⏣ ┿ᚿ ๓⏣ 㞙ဢ ᕝᡞ ᰤ
⚟஭኱ᏛᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ 㟁Ẽ࣭㟁ᏊᕤᏛᑓᨷ ࠛ ⚟஭┴⚟஭ᕷᩥி 
⚟஭኱ᏛᕤᏛ㒊 㟁Ẽ࣭㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉⚟஭኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔 ᕤᏛ⣔㒊㛛 Ἑ௰ ‽஧
኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⾲ ͳ  ᘧሺͳሻ㹼ሺͷሻ࡛⏝࠸ࡓグྕࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊࠿ࡽࣆࢥ⛊ᇦࡢࣃࣝࢫᖜࢆᣢࡗࡓ㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣࠊẚ㍑ⓗᑠࡉ࡞࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢฟຊ
࠿ࡽ㧗࠸ࣆ࣮ࢡࣃ࣮࣡ࢆᚓࡿ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ≉ᚩ࡞࡝࠿ࡽࠊ
ຍᕤ࣭་⒪࣭㏻ಙ࣭ ᐃ࡞࡝ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡛ᛂ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㧗ฟຊ㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᛂ⏝ศ㔝ࢆᣑ኱ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ⿦⨨ࡢ౯᱁పῶࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᏳ౯࡞ගᏛ⣲Ꮚࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓ⿦⨨ᵓᡂࡢ༢⣧࡞࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀࡩࡉࢃࡋࡃࠊ」㞧࡞ቑᖜჾࢆ⏝࠸ࡎ࡟ࠊ༢⣧࡞Ⓨ᣺ჾࡢ㧗ฟຊ໬ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋⓎ᣺ჾࡢ㧗ฟຊ໬ࡢࡓࡵࡢ࢟ࣕࣅࢸ࢕ࢲࣥࣉࡣࠊᏳ౯࡞
ගࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࢆ⏝࠸ࡿ࡜ࡑࡢᤄධᦆኻ࡟㉳ᅉࡋ࡚ຠ⋡ࡀపୗࡍࡿࠋ㧗ฟຊ໬࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿᦆኻࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣࢳ࣮ࣕࣉࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㧗ศᩓ࠿ࡘᏳ౯࡞ගᏛ⣲Ꮚࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡑࡢᦆኻ࡟㉳ᅉࡋ࡚ຠ⋡ࡀపୗࡍࡿࠋ㧗ฟຊ໬ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡇࢀ
ࡽࡢᤄධᦆኻࡢᙳ㡪ࢆゎᯒࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓ
ࡵࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊࡛ᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡿ఩⨨ࡀ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇࣞ
࣮ࢨ࣮ࡢຠ⋡࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟㛵ࡋ࡚⌮ㄽゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ᪉ἲ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪ᣑᙇࡉࢀࡓ㠀⥺ᙧࢩࣗࣞࢹ࢕࣮ࣥ࢞
᪉⛬ᘧ>@ࠊܶோడ஺ሺ்ǡ௧ሻ
డ்

ଵ

డమ

ଶ

డ௧ మ

ቀ݅ ߚଶ

ൌ ൜݃ ൬ͳ ൅ଵడమఆ೒ మ డ௧ మ൰ െ ݈௖ െ ‫ݏ‬ሾ‫ܣ‬ሺܶǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻሿ ൅െ ݅ߜȁ‫ܣ‬ሺܶǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻȁଶ ቁൠ ‫ܣ‬ሺܶǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻ ൌ Ͳ  ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇࢆྍ㣬࿴ᦆኻ‫ݏ‬଴ ࠊ㣬࿴ࣃ࣮࣡ܲ௦௔ ࡢ㧗㏿㐣㣬࿴྾཰య࡛ࣔࢹࣝ໬ࡋ
ࡓࠋ݃㸪‫ݏ‬ሾ‫ܣ‬ሺܶǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻሿࠊ ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ฼ᚓࠊ㧗㏿ྍ㣬࿴྾཰య࡟ࡼࡿ྾཰ᦆኻࠊ㠀⥺ᙧಀᩘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ݃ ൌ ݃௢ Ȁሺͳ ൅ ܲȀܲ௦௔௧ ሻ





ଶ











‫ݏ‬ሾ‫ܣ‬ሺܶǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻሿ ൌ ‫ݏ‬଴ Ȁሺͳ ൅ ȁ‫ܣ‬ሺܶǡ ‫ݐ‬ሻȁ Ȁܲ௦௔ ሻߜ ൌ ʹߨ‫݊ܮ‬ଶ Ȁߣ଴ ܵ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᘧሺʹሻ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୙㣬࿴฼ᚓ݃௢ ࡣ྾཰ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ܲ௣௨௠௣ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊሾʹሿఎ ௉݃଴ ൌ ɐɒሺ݂ଵ ൅ ݂ଶ ሻ ౦ ౦౫ౣ౦ ‫ݎ‬୮ ሺ‫ݎ‬ǡ ‫ݖ‬ሻ െ ܰ୲୭୲ ݂ଵ ɐ ሺͷሻ௛ఔ౦࡜⾲ࡏࡿࠋሺͳሻ㹼ሺͷሻ࡛⏝࠸ࡓグྕ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ⾲ ͳ
࡟♧ࡍࠋ

ܶோ 

ඹ᣺ჾ ᚟᫬㛫‫ܣ‬㟁ሙໟ⤡⥺ߗ௚ ฼ᚓᖏᇦᖜ݈௖ ඹ᣺ჾᦆኻߚଶ ʹ ḟศᩓ

ܲඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊࡛ࡢ
ࣃ࣮࣡ܲ௦௔௧ 

฼ᚓ㣬࿴ࣃ࣮࣡

‫ܮ‬

⤖ᬗ㛗

݊ଶ 

㠀⥺ᙧᒅᢡ⋡

ߣ଴ 

୰ᚰἼ㛗

ܵ

ࣅ࣮࣒᩿㠃✚ɐㄏᑟᨺฟ᩿㠃✚

ɒ

⺯ගᑑ࿨

ߟ୮ 

ບ㉳㔞Ꮚຠ⋡݂ଵ ୗ‽఩࣎ࣝࢶ࣐݂ଶ ୖ‽఩࣎ࣝࢶ࣐

ࣥศᕸ

ࣥศᕸ

݄

ࣉࣛࣥࢡᐃᩘߥ୮ ບ㉳࿘Ἴᩘ

‫ݎ‬୮ 

ບ㉳ගศᕸ㛵ᩘܰ୲୭୲඲࢖࢜ࣥᩘ

฼ᚓࡣ฼ᚓ፹㉁࡛୚࠼ࠊᦆኻࡣฟຊ㙾࡜㧗㏿ྍ㣬࿴྾཰య࡛୚࠼ࡓࠋ⮬ᕫ఩┦ኚㄪࡣ฼ᚓ፹㉁࡛୚࠼ࡓࠋ
ඹ᣺ჾෆࡢ  ḟศᩓࡣ *7, ࢳ࣮ࣕࣉ࣑࣮࡛ࣛࡲ࡜
ࡵ࡚୚࠼ࡓࠋᩘ್ゎᯒࡢᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࢫࣉࣜࢵࢺࢫࢸ
ࢵࣉࣇ࣮࢚ࣜἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋゎᯒ࡟⏝࠸ࡓࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ
ࡣࠊᩥ⊩>@ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࡋࡓࠋ฼ᚓ፹㉁ࡣࠊ<E<$* ࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࠊ฼ᚓᖏᇦᖜࡣ್༙඲ᖜ࡛ QPࠊ฼ᚓࢫ࣌
ࢡࢺࣝᙧ≧ࡣ࣮ࣟࣞࣥࢶᆺ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ฼ᚓ፹㉁ࡢ⤖ᬗ㛗ࢆ PPࠊ㠀⥺ᙧᒅᢡ⋡ࢆ  Ɋଶ Ȁ ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
฼ᚓ፹㉁ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢࣅ࣮࣒᩿㠃✚ࡣ⤖ᬗෆ୍࡛ᐃ࡜ࡋࠊ Ɋଶ ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ㧗㏿ྍ㣬࿴྾཰యࡢ
ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡣࠊྍ㣬࿴ᦆኻࢆ  ࡜ࡋࠊ㣬࿴ࣃ࣮࣡ࢆ
N: ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࿘Ἴᩘࡣ 0+] ࡜ࡋࡓࠋฟຊ㙾ࡢ㏱㐣⋡ࡣ ࠊṧ␃ᦆኻࡣ ࡜ࡋࡓࠋኚ
໬ࡉࡏࡿࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊ྾཰࡟ᑐࡍࡿບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࢆ :㹼: ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ィ⟬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࣃࣝࢫ
ࡢඹ᣺ჾ ᚟ᅇᩘࡣ  ᅇ࡜ࡋ㸪㞟᮰ࡢุᐃࡣ᭱
⤊ⓗ࡞ ᚟ᅇᩘࡢࣃࣝࢫἼᙧ࡜ࡑࡢ༙ศࡢ ᚟ᅇ
ᩘ࡛ࡢἼᙧࡢ  ஌ㄗᕪࡀ ௨ୗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ཰᮰
ࡢ᮲௳࡜ࡋࡓࠋฟຊࣃ࣮࣡ࡣᘧ  ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ⏝࠸ࠊບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡣᘧ  ࠿ࡽᑟฟࡋࠊࡑࡢẚࢆ࡜ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡢᑟฟࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ⤖ᯝගͲගኚ᥮ຠ⋡΀й΁ගͲගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ ΀й΁ ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡣࠊᦆኻࢆᐃᅾἼඹ᣺ჾࡢձ
฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣๓ࠊղ ㊰฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣ᚋࠊճ ㊰฼
ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣ᚋ࡟୚࠼ࠊຠ⋡ࡀ࡝࠺ኚ໬ࡍࡿ࠿ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋᅗ  ࡟ᦆኻࢆ∦㐨࡛ࡢࡳ୚࠼ࡓሙྜࡢບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡢࢢࣛࣇࢆ♧ࡍࠋ

ϱϬ

ϰϬ

ϯϬ

䐟 ㊰ ฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣๓ϮϬ䐠 ㊰ ฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣ᚋ䐡᚟㊰ ฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣ᚋ
ϭϬ

Ϭ

Ϭ
Ϯ
ϰ
ϲ
ϴ

ບ㉳䝟䝽䞊 ΀t΁ᅗ  ᦆኻࢆ∦㐨࡛୚࠼ࡓሙྜࡢගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡࡟ᑐࡍࡿບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡౫Ꮡᛶ
ᦆኻࢆ∦㐨࡛୚࠼ࡓሙྜࠊ Ⅼࡢ୰࡛ඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ᭱ࡶప࠸ ㊰ࡢ฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣๓ࡢ఩⨨࡟ᦆኻࢆᤄධࡍࡿ࡜ຠ⋡ࡀ௚ࡢ  Ⅼࡼࡾࡶ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ
ᐃᅾἼඹ᣺ჾ࡛ࡣࠊ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ᦆኻࢆ∦㐨ࡢࡳ࡛୚࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࠋࡼࡾ⌧ᐇⓗ࡞ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ⪃࠼ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᦆኻࢆ ᚟࡛୚࠼ࡓࣔࢹ࡛ࣝࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞ
ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ฼ᚓ፹㉁ࡢ఩⨨࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ
D 2& ഃ࡛୚࠼ࡿሙྜ࡜ E +5 ഃ࡛୚࠼ࡿሙྜࡢ ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓࠋᅗ  ࡟ᦆኻࢆ ᚟࡛୚࠼ࡓሙ
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ඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ࣃ࣮࣡ࡢ᭱ࡶ㧗࠸᚟㊰฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣๓࡜ࠊ᭱ࡶప࠸฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣๓ࡢ  Ⅼ࡛୚࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊ
ᖹᆒࢆྲྀࡿ࡜ ㊰฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣ᚋࡢෆ㒊ࣃ࣮࣡࡜࡯
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ᚓ፹㉁ࡢ๓ᚋ࡟ࡢࡳᦆኻࡀ୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢ᮲௳࡛
ࡶࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓᅗ  ࡟ࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ
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ບ㉳䝟䝽䞊 ΀t΁ᅗ  㐍⾜Ἴඹ᣺ჾ࡛ᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡓሙྜࡢ    ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡࡟ᑐࡍࡿບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡౫Ꮡᛶᅗ  ࠿ࡽࠊᐃᅾἼඹ᣺ჾ࡟࠾࠸࡚∦㐨࡛ᦆኻࢆ୚࠼
ࡓሙྜ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ࠊ㐍⾜Ἴඹ᣺ჾ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣๓ࡢඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀᑠࡉ࠸఩⨨࡛ᦆኻࢆ୚
࠼ࡓ᪉ࡀ㧗࠸ຠ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽ㐍⾜Ἴඹ᣺ჾࡢሙྜࡣࠊᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡿ఩⨨࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢᙳ
㡪ࢆపῶ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
ࡲ࡜ࡵᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊࡛ᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡿ఩⨨ࡀ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢຠ⋡࡟ཬࡰࡍᙳ㡪࡟㛵ࡋ࡚⌮ㄽゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐃᅾἼඹ᣺ჾ࡜㐍⾜Ἴඹ᣺ჾ࡛ࡣ
∦ഃ࡛୚࠼ࡓሙྜࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ᭱ࡶప࠸ ㊰ࡢ฼ᚓ፹㉁㏱㐣๓ࡢ఩⨨࡟ᦆኻࢆᤄධࡍࡿ࡜ຠ⋡ࡀ᭱ࡶ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᐃᅾἼඹ
᣺ჾ࡟࠾࠸࡚ ᚟࡛ᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡿ⌧ᐇⓗ࡞ࣔࢹࣝࢆ
⪃࠼ࠊྠᵝ࡟ຠ⋡࡜ᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡿ఩⨨ࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ゎᯒࢆ⾜࠸ࠊຠ⋡࡜ᦆኻࢆ୚࠼ࡿ఩⨨࡟ࡼࡿ㐪࠸ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋ
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ࢩࣙࣥࢆ⾜࠸ࠊຠ⋡࡟㛵ࡍࡿゎᯒࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᣲࡆ
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༙⌫ᆺඹ᣺ჾ㐃⥆Ἴ Yb:YAG ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬ᑠᯘ ு ∦ᒸ ಇ஧ 㟷ᰗ ඃᏱ ᰘ⏣ ┿ᚿ ๓⏣ 㞙ဢ ᕝᡞ ᰤ
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኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤܲ௢௨௧ ̱ߟ௦ ൫ܲ௣ െ ܲ௧௛ ൯

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  ᘧ࠿ࡽ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣⓎ᣺㜈್ࡢపῶࡀ

㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᛂ⏝ศ㔝ࡢ㛤ᣅࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋⓎ᣺㜈್ࡢపῶࡢࡓࡵࠊບ㉳ගࡢ࣮ࣔ⿦⨨ࡢᑠᆺ໬࡜㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆᏳ౯࡟⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣㄢ㢟ࡢࢻయ✚ࡀ᭱ᑠ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࣅ࣮࣒ᚄ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮ࣞ

୍ࡘ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ▷ඹ᣺ჾࡢ࣮ࣔࢻྠᮇ

ࢨ࣮ගࡢࣅ࣮࣒ᚄࢆㄪᩚࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲ

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢຠ⋡ࢆᏳ౯࡟ྥୖ࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊ࿘Ἴᩘࢥ࣒

ࡓ <E<$* ⤖ᬗࡢࡼ࠺࡞‽ᅄ‽఩࣮ࣞࢨ࣮፹㉁ࡣࠊ

ග※ࡢ༢఩࣮ࣔࢻ࠶ࡓࡾࡢࣃ࣮࣡ࡢቑ኱ࡀᐜ᫆࡜࡞

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢୗ‽఩࡟ཎᏊࡢศᕸࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀ࡟㉳ᅉࡾࠊᐃ⢭ᗘࡢྥୖࢆᏳ౯࡟ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿࠋᑠᆺ࣮ࣞ

ࡍࡿୗ‽఩྾཰ᦆኻࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ㧗ᐦᗘບࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᇶ♏ⓗ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ

㉳࡟ࡼࡿ㧗฼ᚓ໬࡛ୗ‽఩྾཰ᦆኻࡢຠ⋡࡬ࡢᙳ㡪ධᡭࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ༙⌫ᆺඹ᣺ჾ㐃⥆Ἴࣞࢆపῶࡋࠊ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋ࣮ࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊຠ⋡㠃࡛ඃࢀࡓ≉ᛶࢆᣢࡘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮፹㉁࡜ࡋ࡚ὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ <E<$* ⤖ᬗࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⌮ㄽゎᯒ࠿ࡽᚓࡓ࣮ࣔࢻᐇ㦂᮲௳ ᅗ  ࡟ᮏ◊✲࡛౑⏝ࡋࡓ༙⌫ᆺඹ᣺ჾࢆ♧ࡍࠋయ✚࡜ࣅ࣮࣒㔜࡞ࡾࡢ᭱㐺᮲௳ࢆඖ࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆヨసࡋࠊධฟຊ≉ᛶࢆィࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊヨసࡋࡓ࣮ࣞ

ࢨ࣮ࡢගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࢆホ౯ࡋࡓࠋ
ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ߟ௢௢ ࡣࠊບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࡝ࢀࡔ
ࡅฟຊࣃ࣮࣡ࢆྲྀࡾฟࡏࡿ࠿ࢆ⾲ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗ  ᮏ◊✲࡛౑⏝ࡋࡓ༙⌫ᆺඹ᣺ჾ

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ܲ௢௨௧ ࠊܲ௣ ࡣࡑࢀࡒࢀฟຊࣃ࣮࣡ࠊບ㉳ࣃ࣮࡛࣡࠶ࡾࠊߟ௔ ࡣ྾཰ຠ⋡ࠊߟ௣ ࡣບ㉳㔞Ꮚຠ⋡ࠊߟ௤ ࡣཎᏊ㔞Ꮚຠ⋡ࠊߟ௖ ࡣ⤖ྜຠ⋡ࠊܵࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගᏊᣦᩘࠊ‫ࡣܨ‬ບ㉳ගᏊᣦᩘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ>@ࡲࡓࠊⓎ᣺㜈್ࢆܲ௧௛ ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࠊ
ܸ௘௙௙
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㉁‫ܯ‬ଶ ࡣᐇ್࠿ࡽගᏛྎ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊᆶ┤᪉ྥ࡛ ࠊỈᖹ᪉ྥ࡛  ࡛࠶ࡿࠋບ㉳ගࡢ᭱ᑠࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ༙ᚄ
ࡣᐇ್࠿ࡽᆶ┤᪉ྥ࡛ PࠊỈᖹ᪉ྥ࡛ P࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡣ :ࠊ᭱኱㞟ගᙉᗘࡣ
N:FP ࠊບ㉳Ἴ㛗ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ୖ‽఩࡟┤᥋ບ㉳࡜࡞ࡿࠋ݄ߥ௣ ࡣບ㉳࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࠊܸ௘௙௙ ࡀ࣮ࣔࢻయ✚ࠊ࡛ࡁࠊ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࡀᮃࡵࡿ QP ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ

݈ࡣ⤖ᬗࡢ㛗ࡉࠊ݂ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢୖ‽఩࡜ୗ‽఩ࡢ࣎ ᮏ◊✲࡛⏝࠸ࡓ <E<$* ⤖ᬗࡣ෭༷ຠ⋡ࢆྥୖࡉࣝࢶ࣐ࣥศᕸࠊߪ௘௙௙ ࡣㄏᑟᨺฟ᩿㠃✚ࠊ߬ࡣ⺯ගᑑ࿨ࠊࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ 6DSSKLUH ⤖ᬗࡀ᥋╔ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࢻ࣮ࣉ

‫ܮ‬௜ ࡣඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻࠊܶࡣฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࠊܰଵ଴ ࡣບ㉳ࡉ⃰ᗘࡣ DWࠊPP ゅ࡛ཌࡉ PP ࡢ⤖ᬗࢆ౑⏝ࡋࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸࡜ࡁࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ୗ‽఩ࡢ཯㌿ศᕸᐦᗘ࡛

ࡓࠋ⤖ᬗࡢ྾཰ຠ⋡ࡣ ࠊ⤖ᬗࡢ ᗘࡣ ႏ࡜ࡋ

࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊܲ௢௨௧ ࡣḟࡢ㏆ఝᘧ࡛♧ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

ࡓࠋฟຊ㙾ࡣ┤ᚄࡀࣁ࣮ࣇ࢖ࣥࢳ࡛ࠊ᭤⋡༙ᚄ PPࠊᐇ㦂࠿ࡽ᭱኱ฟຊࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊܶ ࡢ࡜ࡁ᭱

㏱㐣⋡ ࠊࠊࡢ  ✀㢮ࢆ౑⏝ࡋࡓࠋ኱ฟຊ P:ࠊܶ ࡢ࡜ࡁ᭱኱ฟຊ P:ࠊܶ ⌮ㄽゎᯒ࠿ࡽࠊບ㉳ග࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࢆ᭱㐺ࡢ࡜ࡁ᭱኱ฟຊ P: ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋܶ ࡢ࡜໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡣ᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡

ࡁࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගⓎ᣺Ἴ㛗ࡣ QP ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᭱኱ບ

:ࠊฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ ࠊⓎ᣺Ἴ㛗 QP ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟᭱

㉳ࣃ࣮࣡࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡣ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ኱࡛ ࡀぢ㎸ࡵࡿ࡜ศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࡑࡢ᫬ࡢ⤖ܶ ࡢ࡜ࡁࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගⓎ᣺Ἴ㛗ࡣ QP ࡛࠶ᬗ᭤⋡࣑࣮ࣛ㛫㊥㞳ࡣ  PP ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࡜ࡁ

ࡾࠊ᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡣ 

ࡢᆶ┤᪉ྥࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࣅ࣮࣒༙ᚄ  PࠊỈᖹ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋܶ ࡢ࡜ࡁࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගⓎ᣺Ἴ㛗ࡣບ㉳᪉ྥࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࣅ࣮࣒༙ᚄ  P ࡀぢ㎸ࡵࡿࡇࣃ࣮࣡ࡀప࠸࡜ࡁࡣ  QPࠊບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ㧗࠸࡜࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡁࡣ QP ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡࡟ᑐࡍࡿගග
ኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡣ ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊᐇ㦂࡛᭱኱ࡢຠ

ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࡢࡣࠊܶ ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡛ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ タィ⤖ᯝࢆࡶ࡜࡟ඹ᣺ჾࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋࡲࡎ⤖ᬗ᭤⋡࣑࣮ࣛ㛫㊥㞳ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࠊ᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡:ࠊฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගฟຊࡀ᭱኱࡟
࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ඹ᣺ჾࡢ᭱㐺໬ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࡑࡢ࡜ࡁࡢບ㉳ග࡜࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢධฟຊ≉ᛶࢆᐃࡋࡓࠋᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜⌮ㄽィ⟬ࢆᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍࠋ ࡔ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡣ 㐣 ཤ ࡟ ᡃ ࠎ ࡀ 㐩 ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ
7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ບ㉳ 9 ᆺඹ᣺ჾ㐃⥆Ἴ <E<$*࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢຠ⋡࡟㏕ࡿ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ>@᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟ຠ⋡ࡀ᭱኱࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟タィࡋࡓࡀࠊᅗ ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀప࠸᫬ࡣ⌮ㄽ್࡜࡯ࡰ୍⮴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ㧗࠸᫬࡟ฟຊࡀ
ୖࡀࡽࡎ⌮ㄽ್࠿ࡽࡎࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋ௒ᚋ
ࡣࡇࡢཎᅉࢆㄪᰝࡍࡿࡓࡵບ㉳Ἴ㛗  QP ࡛ࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠸ࡓ࠸ࠋ
ࡲ࡜ࡵᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ༙⌫ᆺඹ᣺ჾ㐃⥆Ἴ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊᐇ㦂࡜⌮ㄽゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⌮ㄽゎᯒ࠿ࡽࠊܶ ࠊ᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡: ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟᭱኱

ᅗ  D  ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢධฟຊ≉ᛶ ܶ ࡛ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋᐇ㦂࠿ࡽܶ ࠊບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ : ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟᭱኱࡛ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ⌮ㄽゎᯒ࡛ࡣ᭱኱ບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡢ࡜ࡁ࡟᭱኱ࡢຠ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࡀࠊᐇ㦂࡛ࡣບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿ࡟ࡘࢀࠊ⌮ㄽ್࡜ᐇ㦂್ࡀࡎࢀ࡚࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ࡢฟຊࡀୖࡀࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡣບ㉳Ἴ㛗ࢆQP ࡟ኚ࠼ࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࠊ㧗ฟຊ໬࡟ࡘ
࡞ࡆ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿࠋ
ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ᅗ  E  ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢධฟຊ≉ᛶ ܶ 

ᅗ  F  ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢධฟຊ≉ᛶ ܶ  >@ : 3 5LVN ͆ 0RGHOLQJ RI ORQJLWXGLQDOO\ SXPSHG
VROLGVWDWH  ODVHUV  H[KLELWLQJ UHDEVRUSWLRQ ORVVHV´ -
2SW6RF$P%9RO1R-XO\>@6KLQLFKL0DWXEDUD7VXWRPX8HGD6DNDH.DZDWRDQG
7DNDR .RED\DVKL ³+LJKO\ (IILFLHQW &RQWLQXRXV:DYH
/DVHU 2VFLOODWLRQ LQ 0LFURFKLS <E<$* DW 5RRP
7HPSHUDWXUH´-DSDQHVH-RXUQDORI$SSOLHG3K\VLFV9RO
1RSS/±/

㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴ Ti:sapphire ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢຠ⋡࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽゎᯒ∦ᒸಇ஧͊ ᰘ⏣ṇᚿ͊͊ ᑠᯘு͊ 㟷ᰗ♸Ᏹ͊͊ ๓⏣‽ဢ͊͊ ᕝᡞᰤ͊͊͊ Ἑ௰‽஧͊͊͊͊
͊⚟஭኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛᑓᨷ ͊͊⚟஭኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ㒊㟁Ẽ㟁ᏊᕤᏛ⛉͊͊͊⚟஭኱ᏛᏛ⾡◊✲㝔ᕤᏛ⣔㒊㛛 ࣮͊͊͊͊ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ

(2)

ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣ㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ௦
⾲࡜ࡶ࠸࠼ࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㉸▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝࡬ࡢᛂ⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊບ㉳ග※ࡀᅛయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⿦⨨ࡀ」㞧
࠿ࡘ኱ᆺ࡛㧗౯࡜࠸࠺ㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺࠊ*D1 ⣔༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㛗Ἴ㛗໬ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡾࠊ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ບ㉳ 7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ◊✲ࡶ┒ࢇ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
⌧ᅾሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴ 7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡣ >@ࠊࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ⥳Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ບ㉳ࡢሙྜࡣ>@ࡀሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜
ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚ࠊ⥳Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣ⤖ᬗ࡬ࡢ྾཰ຠ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸ࡓࡵගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡀ㧗࠸ࡀࠊฟຊࡀᩘಸపࡃ౯᱁ࡶ  ᱆௨ୖ㧗࠸ࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵࠊ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ບ
㉳㐃⥆Ἴ 7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᏳ౯࡛㧗ฟຊ࡞㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡢࡀ┦ᛂࡋ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳࡟ࡼࡿ㧗฼ᚓ໬ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㐃⥆Ἴ 7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡲࡎࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡

ࡣࠊ

(1)

࡛୚࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋᘧ ࡣࠊບ㉳ගࣃ࣮࣡ࡣ࡟ᑐࡋ࡝ࢀࢆྲྀࡾฟࡏࡿ࠿ࡢ๭ྜ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ࡔࡅฟຊගࣃ࣮࣡⾲  ࡟ᘧ࡛⏝࠸ࡓグྕࢆ♧ࡍࠋ⾲  ᘧ࡛⏝࠸ࡓグྕࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගᏊᣦᩘ ࡣບ㉳ගᏊᣦᩘࢆᣑᙇࡋࡓ
ࡣບ㉳ග࡜࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢ㔜࡞ࡾලࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
ྜࢆ⾲ࡋࠊḟࡢᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿ>@ࠋ ᘧ  ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⤖ྜຠ⋡ ࡣḟࡢᘧ࡛⾲ࡉࢀࡿࠋ

(4)

ฟຊ
ࡣฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࡣඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⤖ྜຠࡣඹ᣺ჾෆࡢᦆኻ࡟ᑐࡍࡿฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡㏱㐣
ྜຠ⋡ࡢ᭱㐺໬ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊฟຊගࣃ࣮࣡
ࡣḟࡢᘧ࡛㏆ఝ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
(5)ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢࢫ࣮ࣟࣉຠ⋡
ࡣⓎ᣺㜈್࡛࠶
ࡿࠋගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ ࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ගࡢࢫ࣮ࣟࣉຠ⋡ ࢆୖࡆࠊⓎ᣺㜈್㜈್ ࢆୗࡆ
ࠊࡣບ㉳ග࡜ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊⓎ᣺㜈್࡟ẚ౛ࡍࡿࠋⓎ᣺㜈್࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢ࣮ࣔࢻయ✚ࢆୗࡆࡿࡓࡵ࡟࣮ࣔࢻయ✚ࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ
ࢆᑠࢨࡀᝏࡃ࡞ࡾࠊ
ບ㉳ග࡜࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࡢ㔜࡞ࡾලྜගኚ᥮ࡀపୗࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡓࡵࠊගဨගኚ᥮
ගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ຠ⋡ ࡢྥୖ࡟ࡣࠊ࣮ࣔࢻయ✚࡜ฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࢆ᭱㐺࡞᮲௳࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ゎᯒ᮲௳㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴ
7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࠊฟຊ
ࠊ : ࡢ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊບ㉳ගࡢ࣮ࣔࢻయ✚ࢆ᭱ᑠ࡜ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛㞟ගᙉᗘ ࢆ㧗ࡵゎᯒࢆບ㉳⾜࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊບ㉳ග※࡛࠶ࡿ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡣࠊ
ࣅ࣮࣒ရ㉁ ࡀᝏࡃ㠀Ⅼ཰ᕪࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊゎᯒ࡛ࡣࣅ࣮࣒ᚄཬࡧࣅ࣮࣒ရ㉁ࡀᆶ┤ࠊ Ỉᖹ᪉ྥ࡛␗࡞ࡿ
ᴃ෇ࣔࢹࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊບ㉳ගࡢࣅ࣮࣒ရ㉁ ࡣࠊฟຊ : ࡢ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᐇ ್ࡼࡾࠊᆶ┤᪉ྥ 
Ỉᖹ᪉ྥ  ࡜ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊບ㉳ගἼ㛗ࡣᐇ ್ࡼࡾ  QP ࡜ࡋࡓࠋⓎ᣺㜈್ ࢆపῶࡉࡏࠊ࠿ࡘ㞟ගᙉᗘ ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡓࡵࠊ⤖ᬗෆ࡛ບ㉳ගࡢ࣮ࣔࢻయ
✚ࡀ᭱ᑠ࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ບ㉳ගࡢࢫ࣏ࢵࢺ༙ᚄࢆᆶ┤᪉ྥ  ȝP Ỉᖹ᪉ྥ  ȝP ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⤖ᬗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࢖࢜ࣥࢻ࣮ࣉ⃰ᗘ ZW  )20  ࡢࣈ࣮ࣜࣗࢫࢱ࣮࢝ࢵࢺࡉࢀࡓ  PP ゅࡢ 7LVDSSKLUH⤖ᬗ࡛ゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋບ㉳ග྾཰ຠ⋡ ࡣᐇ ್ࡼࡾ ࡜ࡋࠊㄏᑟᨺฟ᩿㠃✚ࡣ î FP⺯ගᑑ࿨ ࡣ  ȝV ບ㉳㔞Ꮚຠ⋡ ࡣ  ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගἼ㛗 ࡣ QP ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
ḟ࡟ࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ ࡣᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ
ධฟຊ≉ᛶࡢⓎ᣺㜈್ ࠿ࡽぢ✚ࡶࡗࡓ್ࢆ⏝࠸
ࡓࠋⓎ᣺㜈್௜㏆࡛ࡣฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ ࡢኚ໬࡟ᑐࡋ
࡚࣮ࣔࢻయ✚ࡀኚࢃࡽ࡞࠸࡜௬ᐃࡋࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓⓎ᣺㜈್࡜ฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࡢ㛵ಀ࠿ࡽඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻࢆぢ✚ࡶࡗࡓࠋẚ㍑ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻࡣ 㹼㸣ࡢ㛫࡜ぢ✚ࡶࢀࡓࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ ࢆ ࡜ኚ໬ࡉࡏẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳࡜ࡋ࡚㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ ࡘᙜࡓࡾࡢ㞟ගᙉᗘ >N:FP@ ࡜ ࡋ ࠊ 㞟ග ᙉ ᗘ ࢆ  
ࢆ
>N:FP@࡜ኚ໬ࡉࡏࠊྠᵝ࡟ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ
㧗ຠ⋡໬ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࢆ᭱㐺࡞᮲௳࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠋฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ ࢆ 
࡜ኚ໬ࡉࡏࠊྠᵝ࡟ẚ㍑ࢆ⾜࠺㹿ᗘ >N:FP@ ඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ ࡢሙྜࡢࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡࡛࠶ࡿࠋ  ບ㉳ගࡢ㞟ගᙉᗘ >N:FP@ࡢሙྜࠊඹ᣺
ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ  ฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࡢ࡜ࡁࠊග
ගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡀ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ㞟ගᙉ㞟ᗘ  >N:FP @ࡢሙྜࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ 
ࡢ ࡜ࡁ ࠊ ග ගኚ᥮ຠ ⋡ࡀฟຊ 㙾㏱㐣⋡࡜ຠ⋡ࡀྥୖࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋྠᵝ࡟ඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ ࡢሙྜࡶຠ⋡ࡀྥୖࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ஦࠿ࡽࠊ
㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗฼ᚓ໬࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయࣞ
⋡࣮ࢨ࣮ບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴ 7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ຠ⋡໬ࡀ㞟ගྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ㞟ගᙉᗘሙ  ฟຊ>N:FP@ࡢሙྜ࡛ࡣࠊඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻࡢ࡜ࡁගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡀ ࡜ࠊ
㙾㏱㐣⋡⥳Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ບ㉳ࡢୡ⏺᭱㧗ຠ⋡ ࡜ྠ
➼ࡢຠ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㞟ගᙉᗘ>N:FP@ࡢሙྜࡶࠊ⥳Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ບ㉳ࡢୡ⏺
᭱㧗ຠ⋡ྠᵝࡢຠ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀຠ⋡ィ⟬࠿ࡽࠋᅗ  ࡟㞟ගᙉᗘ
>N:FP@ ඹ᣺ჾᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋෆ㒊ᦆኻ ࡢሙྜࡢฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࡈ࡜ࡢࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࢆ♧ࡍࠋゎᯒ⤖ᯝෆ࡜࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ගࣅ
⤖ᬗෆࡢບ㉳ගࣅ࣮࣒༙ᚄ
ࢆග㍈᪉ྥ࡛ศᕸࡉࡏࡿࡇ
ࢆศᕸ࣮࣒༙ᚄ ࡢẚࡢ㛵ᩘᩘ࡜࡛ࠊගဨගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ ࡣࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ᣺࡜࡞ࡿࠋᅗ  ࡟ࠊ㞟ගᙉᗘ ཬࡧඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓ᫬ࡢࠊฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡㙾ࡈ࡜ࡢගဨගኚ
ࡢ㛵ᩘ࡜ࡋ࡚♧ࡍࠋ᥮ຠ⋡ ࢆࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ           E      D ᅗ  㞟ගᙉᗘ >N:FP@ࡢሙྜࡢ    ࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ᅗ  㞟ගᙉᗘ >N:FP@ࡢሙྜࡢኚ᥮    ࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡢ࡜ඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ  ฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࡁගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ࡀ ࡜ྠᵝࡢຠ⋡ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ
ࡇࡢ஦࠿ࡽࠊᦆኻࡀ㧗࠸ሙྜ࡛ࡶ㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳࡟ࡼࡿ㧗฼ᚓ໬ࡀ㧗ຠ⋡໬࡟᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ࡲ࡜ࡵ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳㐃⥆Ἴ
7LVDSSKLUH ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢຠ⋡࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⌮ㄽゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ㟷Ⰽ༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㧗ᐦᗘບ㉳ࡣࠊ㞟ගᙉᗘ >N:FP@ࡢሙྜࠊඹ᣺ჾ
ෆ㒊ᦆኻ  ฟຊ㙾㏱㐣⋡ࡢ࡜ࡁࠊග
ගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ ࡣ ࡀᮃࡵࡿࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩            E
     Dᅗ  㞟ගᙉᗘ >N:FP@ࡢሙྜࡢ    ࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡ >N:FP@ ඹ᣺ჾෆᅗ  D ࡣ㞟ගᙉᗘ㒊ᦆኻ ࡢሙྜࡢࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ
ᅗ  E ࡣ㞟ගᙉᗘ >N:FP@᥮ຠ⋡࡛࠶ࡾࠊᅗ
ඹ᣺ჾෆ㒊ᦆኻ ࡢሙྜࡢࣅ࣮࣒ᚄẚ࡟ᑐࡍࡿගගኚ᥮ຠ⋡࡛࠶ࡿࠋྠᵝ࡟ࠊᅗ  D  E ࡣ㞟ගᙉ

>@ 3 : 5RWK HW DO ³3RZHU VFDOLQJ RI D GLRGHODVHUSXPSHG
7LVDSSKLUH ODVHU´ 2SW ([SUHVV   SS $XJXVW
>@ . *XUHO HW DO ³*UHHQGLRGHSXPSHG IHPWRVHFRQG
7L6DSSKUH ODVHU ZLWK XS WR  P: DYHUDJH SRZHU´ 2SW
([SUHVV  SS1RYHPEHU
>@:35LVN³0RGHOLQJRIORQJLWXGLQDOO\SXPSHGVROLGVWDWHODVHUVH[KLELWLQJUHDEVRUSWLRQORVVHV´-2SW6RF$P%  SS-XO\࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢼࣀࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶᛂ⟅ྂ⏣ᐶ $GDP3DQGHU ୰ᔱㄔ㧗▱ᕤ⛉኱Ꮫࠊ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢼࣀࢳ࣮ࣗࣈ㸦&17㸧ࡣࠊࢢࣛࣇ࢙ࣥࢩ
࣮ࢺ࡟ࡼࡿྠᚰ෇⟄≧ᵓ㐀ࡢⅣ⣲ྠ⣲య࡛ࠊ㍈᪉ྥ࡬ࡢ㟁ὶ⪏ᛶࡸ⇕ఏᑟᛶ࡟ඃࢀࡿࠋ&17 ࡀᇶᯈୖ࡟
㧗ᐦᗘᆶ┤㓄ྥᡂ㛗ࡋࡓ &17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࡢᵓ㐀␗᪉ᛶࢆ⾲ࡍ㠃ⓑ࠸≉ᚩ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ&17 ㍈᪉ྥ࠿ࡽࡢධ
ᑕග࡟ᑐࡋᖜᗈ࠸Ἴ㛗࡛ࡢගᏛ࣭㟁☢ሙ྾཰࡟ඃࢀࠊ
⣸እ࠿ࡽ㉥እ㡿ᇦ࡛ග྾཰⋡ࡀ  ࡜㯮య࡟᭱ࡶ㏆࠸ᮦᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ᛂ⏝࡟ᮇᚅࡀᐤࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
7LWRYD ࡽࡣᇶᯈ࡟Ỉᖹ㓄ྥ㓄⨨ࡋࡓ &17 ࡟ࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ
⛊ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨࢆ↷ᑕࡋࠊ&17 ㍈᪉ྥ࡟೫ගࡋࡓࢸ
ࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼᨺฟࢆሗ࿌ࡋࠊ&17 ࡢ୍ḟඖᛶ␗᪉ᛶࠊ
㠀⥺ᙧගᏛ≉ᛶࡣࠊ᪂ᶵ⬟ࢆⓎ⌧ࡍࡿ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔
ࣝࡢᵓᡂせ⣲࡜ࡋ࡚㠀ᖖ࡟᭷ᮃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ⇕࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᅇ⏕࡟ࠊ࣓ࢱࢧ࣮ࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ྾཰ຠ⋡ࢆᣲࡆ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ&17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺ㯮యࡣ྾཰⋡ࡢ㧗ࡉ࠿ࡽࢼࣀࣟࢵࢻ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝ㟁ᴟᮦᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚᭷ᮃ࡞ᮦᩱ
࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋᡃࠎࡣࠊ&17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࢆ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔
ࣝᙧ≧࡟ࣃࢱ࣮ࢽࣥࢢࡋࡓ &17 ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢆ
స〇>@ࡋࠊࢫࣉࣜࢵࢺࣜࣥࢢᆺࣞࢰࢿ࣮ࢱ㸦655㸧㟁ᴟᵓ㐀࡛ࠊ655 ᙧ≧࡟ࡼࡾග཯ᑕࡀῶᑡࡍࡿ⌧㇟ࢆぢฟࡋࠊ655 ᐜ㔞⤖ྜ࡟ࡼࡿ &17 ࡛ࡢග྾཰ቑ
኱࡜ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓ>@ࠋࡲࡓࠊ㟖ᰕ≧ &17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࢆ
ࣇ࢕ࢵࢩࣗࢿࢵࢺ✰࠶ࡅຍᕤࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ㉥እ཯ᑕࠊ㏱㐣⋡ࡀ࡜ࡶ࡟኱ࡁࡃῶᑡࡋࠊࣇ࢕ࢵࢩࣗࢿࢵࢺᙧ
≧ࡢⅣ⣲ᑟ㟁⭷㟁ᴟᵓ㐀య࡟ࡼࡾࠊධᑕ㟁☢Ἴࡀ㧗ຠ⋡࡟྾཰ࡉࢀࠊ㉥እගࡢ㧗ຠ⋡྾཰ࡀ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⤖ㄽࡋࡓ>@ࠋ⇕࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᅇ⏕⏝㟁ᴟ࡬ࡢᛂ⏝࡟ྥࡅ࡚ࡣࠊ≉ᐃἼ㛗ࡢ㟁☢Ἴ࡟ᛂ⟅ࡍࡿ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ
࢔ࣝ㟁ᴟࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ&17 ᡂ㛗ᐦᗘ࠾ࡼࡧ㓄ྥᛶࢆไᚚࡍࡿㄢ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ&17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝ
ࢶ྾཰࣭㉥እ⥺࣭ྍどගࡢගᏛ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ
ࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ&17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⇕࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࡢᇶ
♏≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
᪉ἲ㓄ྥᛶࡀ␗࡞ࡾ㧗ࡉࢆ XP ࡟ࡑࢁ࠼ࡓ &17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࢆྜᡂࡋࡓࠋ᩿㠃 6(0 ほᐹ࡟ࡼࡾ㓄ྥᛶࢆホ౯ࡋࠊ✚ศ⌫ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ 899,6 ඲཯ᑕࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆホ౯ࡋࡓ>@ࠋ&17 ࢆ᏶඲ᑟయ࡜௬ᐃࡋࠊ&17 㓄ྥᛶࡢ␗࡞ࡿ &17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࢆࣔࢹࣝ໬ࡋࠊ)'7'

ィ⟬ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ 0((3 ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ཯ᑕ⋡࣭㏱㐣⋡ࢆィ⟬ࡋᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ
ᅗ㸯࡟ࠊ᩿㠃 6(0 ീࢆ♧ࡍࠋᅗ୰ G I K ࡣ㓄ྥᛶࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࡑࡢ௚ࡣ㓄ྥᛶࡀప࠿ࡗࡓࠋ899,6 ඲཯ᑕࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊ㓄ྥᛶࡢప࠸ヨᩱࡣྍどᇦ㛗Ἴ㛗㡿ᇦ࡛ࡢ཯ᑕ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ㓄ྥᛶࡢ㧗࠸
ヨᩱࡣ⣸እ࠿ࡽྍど࡟⮳ࡿ඲㡿ᇦ࡛཯ᑕ⋡ࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ 
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ᅗ㸯 㧗ࡉ ȝP ࡟ㄪᩚࡋྜᡂࡋࡓ &17 ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࡢ᩿㠃6(0 ീ࡜⣸እྍど඲཯ᑕ⋡ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ>@ᅗ㸰࡟ࠊ࣮࢝࣎ࣥࢼࣀࢳ࣮ࣗࣈࢆᑟయ࡜ࡋࠊධᑕ
ග㟁⏺᪉ྥ E] ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㓄ྥᛶ ㍈ࡢ㓄ྥ᪉ྥ [ \ [ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ $[$\$] ࡜⾲ࡍ ࢆ D E]ԋA[ E E]ԋA\F E]A] ࡜ࡋࡓ࡜ࡁࡢࠊ㏱㐣⋡ࠊ཯ᑕ⋡ࠊ྾཰⋡ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ♧ࡍࠋᆶ┤㓄ྥ㹁㹌㹒ࡣ D E]ԋA[ ࡟ᑐᛂࡋࠊ▷Ἴ㛗࠿ࡽ㛗Ἴ㛗࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࠊ཯ᑕ⋡ࡢప࠸㹁㹌㹒ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࡢ≉ᚩࢆࡼࡃ⾲ࡋࡓ཯ᑕࢫ࣌ࢡ
ࢺࣝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ㧗࠸㓄ྥᛶࢆᣢࡘ㹁㹌㹒ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺࡣ㧗࠸྾཰⋡ࠊప࠸཯ᑕ⋡ࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࡝ࡢ㓄ྥᛶ࡛ࡶ྾཰⋡ࡀపࡃᚓࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ
ࡣࠊ㹁㹌㹒ࡢᑟ㟁ᛶࢆ⌮᝿ⓗ࡞ᑟయ࡜௬ᐃࡋィ⟬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ D ࡢᆶ┤㓄ྥ㹁㹌㹒ࣇ࢛ࣞࢫࢺ
࡛ࡢప࠸཯ᑕ⋡ࡀࠊ㹁㹌㹒ࡢ㍈࡬ࡢගࡢ཯ᑕࡀࠊᇶ
ᯈ᪉ྥ࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚㐍ࡳࠊ཯ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇ
࡜ࢆࡼࡃ⾲ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ F ࡢධᑕග࡜㹁㹌㹒㍈᪉ྥࡀᖹ⾜ࡋ࡚㓄⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢣ࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊQP ௨ୖࡢ㛗Ἴ㛗࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ཯ᑕ⋡ࡀୖࡀࡗ࡚࠾
ࡾࠊධᑕගࡢ᣺ື㟁⏺࡟ࠊ㹁㹌㹒㍈ୖࡢ㟁Ꮚࡀ㏣㝶
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Fig. 1.MOF ĖÑ"àĄ
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2

Table 1 HKUST-1 ġĞ"ÄÙk
Cu Ğ
[nm]
500

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[mol/L]0.0048

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[h]
12

Table 2 PDMS "³Ùk
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400?O]=_C_"ıÐŀ[s]30                    

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 Fig. 7 ! CO "F_CS_?" FTIR "ĴĸþÃ1
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 Fig. 5 !pĥFM5?" XRD !+.ÇĖÜ1Č. XRD "ó¨ĖÜ+- PDMS ń~½!
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2

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2

4. Ėį
MOF "9?ĈþÃ"ĨÎ9?A]>pĥ"(! FTIR, THz !+.Ĵĸó¨1Ģ.  ,
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REFERENCES

Fig. 6. CO, Ar, N, C 9?" THz ĴĸþÃ(sampleA #9?Ĉ1Ģ FM5?)
2[1] K. Lauren, L. Kirsty, “Metal–Organic Framework
Materials as Chemical Sensors,” Chemical Reviews, vol.
112, No. 2, pp. 1105-1125, 2012.
[2] NIST Chemistry WebBook, SRD 69, 2018.



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References
Ď[1] K. Makino, S. Kuromiya, K. Takano, K. Kato, M.
Nakajima, Y. Saito, J. Tominaga, H. Iida, M. Kinoshita,
and T. Nakano, ACS Appl. Mater. & Interfaces, 8, 32408(2016).

[2] K. Makino, K. Kato, Y. Saito, P. Fons, A. V. Kolobov,
J. Tominaga, T. Nakano, and M. Nakajima, Opt. Lett.
Accepted.
[3] K. Makino, K. Kato, Y. Saito, P. Fons, A. V. Kolobov,
J. Tominaga, M. Nakajima, and T. Nakano, Proceedingsof PCOS 2018, 59 (2018).

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ࢚࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ㢧ᚤ㙾࡟ࡼࡿ
7L[9[27L21E  ࣊ࢸࣟ᥋ྜ⏺㠃ࡢホ౯ᮧᒸ ♸἞ 1ࠊ⚟⏣ ㈗ඃ 2ࠊᒣཎ ⁞ኴ 3ࠊᕝᒣ ᕑ 41ᒸᒣ኱Ꮫ␗ศ㔝ᇶ♏⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࠊ2 ᒸᒣ኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊ࠊ3 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ࠊ
4኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ⫼ᬒᇶᯈ⮬యࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)᥋ྜ⏺㠃࠿ࡽࡢ

VO2 ࡣ 340K ࡛ᵓ㐀┦㌿⛣ࢆక࠺㔠ᒓ⤯⦕య㌿⛣(MIT)ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ㧗ప㔠ᒓ┦ࡣࣝࢳࣝᆺṇ᪉ᬗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ

ࡢ⤯⦕య┦࡛ࡣࣂࢼࢪ࣒࢘࢖࢜ࣥࡀ c ㍈᪉ྥ࡟THz ἼⓎ⏕ࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᮏ◊✲࡛
ࡣ TiO2 ᇶᯈࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࠊVO2/TiO2:Nb(001)᥋ྜ⏺㠃࡛ࡢ THz Ἴࡢ᳨ฟࢆヨࡳࡓࠋᑐࢆࡘࡃࡾ༢ᩳᬗ࡜࡞ࡿࠋMIT ࡛ࡣ௙஦㛵ᩘࡶኚ໬ࡍࡿࠋࡑࡢホ౯ࡣ㟁Ꮚ≧ែࡢ⌮ゎࡸࢹࣂ࢖ࢫᛂ⏝ࡢ◊✲࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡞᝟ሗ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ࡜ࡇࢁࡀࠊࡇࢀࡲ
࡛࡟◊✲౛ࡣᩘᑡ࡞ࡃࠊຍ࠼࡚ሗ࿌ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ⤖ᯝࡣᩚྜᛶ࡟Ḟࡅࡿࠋࢧࣇ࢓࢖࢔ᇶᯈୖࡢ VO2 ⷧ⭷ࢆ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࢣࣝ ࣅ ࣥ ࣉࣟ ࣮ ࣈ ࣇ ࢛ ࣮ ࢫ㢧 ᚤ 㙾(KFM)

ᐃ[1]࡛ࡣࠊ⤯⦕య┦࠿ࡽ㔠ᒓ┦࡬ࡢ㌿⛣࡛௙஦㛵ᩘࡣቑ኱ࡍࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࣂࣝࢡヨᩱࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⣸እග㟁Ꮚศග(UPS)ᐃ࡛ࡣῶᑡࡍࡿഴྥࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[2]ࠋ୙୍⮴ࡢཎᅉ࡟ࡣヨᩱࡢ⾲㠃≧ែࡢ㐪࠸ࡀ㛵ಀࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋ⾲㠃≧ែࡣヨᩱࡢస〇≧ἣࡸᙧ≧㸦ⷧ⭷ࠊࣂࣝࢡ㸧ࠊ྾╔≀࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡗ࡚
ኚࢃࡾ࠺ࡿࠋ⾲㠃≧ែࡢ㐪࠸ࡣࠊKFM ࡸ UPS ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⾲㠃ᐇ㦂
VO2 ⷧ⭷ࡢస〇ࡣࠊKrF ࢚࢟ࢩ࣐࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ሁ✚ἲ࡟ࡼࡾ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᇶᯈ࡟ࡣ
TiO2(001)࠾ࡼࡧ TiO2:Nb(001)ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋᡂ⭷᫬ࡢᇶᯈ

ᗘࡣ 370 Cࠊ㓟⣲ศᅽࡣ 7 mTorr ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⭷ཌ

ࡣ 5 -10 nm ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋVO2 ⷧ⭷ࡢ㟁Ẽ᢬ᢠᐃࡣ࢝ࣥࢱ࣒ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ♫ࡢ PPMS ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊ4 ➃Ꮚἲ࡟ࡼࡾ
⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᐇ㦂ࡣᒸᒣ኱Ꮫ࡛ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ
THz ᐇ㦂ࡣ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࡛࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊ Ti:ࢧࣇ࢓࢖࢔࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㸦780 nmࠊ82 MHzࠊ ࣃࣝࢫᖜ100 fs㸧ࢆග※࡟ࠊගఏᑟ࢔ࣥࢸࢼ࡟ࡣ LT-GaAs ࡢ
dipole ᆺ࡜ spiral ᆺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ ᐃࡣ 300K ࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋᐃࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ᕪ␗ࢆ୚࠼ࡿせᅉ࡜࡞ࡿࠋእᅉⓗせ⣲ࢆ᤼㝖ࡋࡓ⾲㠃ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ⌮᝿ࡔࡀࠊࡑࡢᐇ⌧ࡣᐜ࡛᫆ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)⭷ࡢ⏺㠃࡟╔┠ࡋࡓࠋ
VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)⭷࡛ࡣ⏺㠃࡛᥋ྜࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ[3]ࠋ
MIT ࡛ VO2 ࡢ௙஦㛵ᩘࡀኚ໬ࡍࢀࡤࠊ⏺㠃࡛㟁Ꮚ⛣ືࡀ㉳ࡇࡾࠊࣂࣥࢻ࢜ࣇࢭࢵࢺࡢ኱ࡁࡉࡀኚ໬ࡍࡿࠋ
ࡑࡢᵝᏊࢆࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ(THz)Ἴࡢᙉᗘ THz 㹢ኚ໬࡛ࣔࢽࢱ࣮࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜⪃࠼ࡓࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ௙
஦㛵ᩘࡢኚ໬ࡢᵝᏊࢆ THz Ἴࡢᙉᗘኚ໬࡟ࡼࡾ᫂ࡽ
࠿࡟࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊࡲࡎࠊTiO2⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹస〇ࡋࡓ VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)ࡢ㟁Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢ
ᛶࢆᅗ 1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋᗘ౫Ꮡᗘࡢୗࡆ࡚࠸ࡃ࡜ࠊ⣙ 290K ࡛

MIT ࡀ࠾ࡇࡾࠊ㟁Ẽ᢬ᢠ್ࡀ 2 ࢣࢱ௨ୖᛴᓧ࡟ኚ໬ࡋࡓࠋ㌿⛣ᗘࡣࣂࣝࢡࡢ 340K ࡼࡾࡶప࠸ࠋࡇࢀ

ࡣ⏺㠃࡛ࡢ᱁Ꮚᩚྜ㸦㠃ෆ᱁Ꮚ࣑ࢫ࣐ࢵࢳࡣ 0.86 %㸧࡟ࡼࡾ⭷ࡢ㠃ෆ᱁Ꮚࡀఙࡤࡉࢀࠊࡑࢀ࡟క࠸㠃┤ࡢc ㍈㛗ࡀᅽ⦰ࡉࢀࡓࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ[4]ࠋ㌿⛣ᗘࡢపୗࡣ㠃ෆ࡛᱁Ꮚᩚྜࡋࡓ࢚ࣆࢱ࢟ࢩࣕࣝᡂ㛗⭷ࡢᙧᡂࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

5HVLVWDQFH :































7HPSHUDWXUH .

ᅗ㸯 VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)ࡢ㟁Ẽ᢬ᢠࡢᗘ౫Ꮡᛶ

ᅗ 2 ࡟ TiO2(001)࠾ࡼࡧ TiO2:Nb(001)ᇶᯈࡢࡳࡢ

ᅗ 2 TiO2(001)ᇶᯈ㸦ୖẁ㸧࡜ TiO2:Nb(001)ᇶ
ᯈ㸦ୗẁ㸧ࡢ 300K ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ THz ᨺᑕࡢග※ฟຊ࠾ࡼࡧ࿘Ἴᩘ౫Ꮡᛶ

THz ᨺᑕࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋග※ࡢฟຊࡸ࿘Ἴᩘ
ࢆኚ໬ࡉࡏ࡚ࡶࠊTHz ἼࡢⓎ⏕ࡣほ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

ྠᵝࡢᐇ㦂ࢆ VO2/TiO2(001)࡜ VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)࡟ᑐ
ࡋ࡚⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡢሙྜࡶࠊTHz ࡢⓎ⏕ࡣ᳨ฟ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ㸦ᅗ 3㸧ࠋTiO2 ᇶᯈ⾲㠃࡟ࡣᩘ MV/cm
࡜༑ศ࡞㟁⏺ E ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠋJ = enPE ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜
ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜ࠊTHz ࡀ᳨ฟ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢࡣࠊTiO2
ࡢ㟁ᏊࡸṇᏍࡢ⛣ືᗘࡀᑠࡉ࠸ࡓࡵ࡜᥎ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ
TiO2 ࡢ⛣ືᗘࡣ㟁Ꮚ࡛ 1 cm2/Vs ⛬ᗘ࡛ࠊṇᏍࡣࡇࢀࡼࡾࡶᑠࡉ࠸ࠋGaN ࡞࡝ࡢ༙ᑟయࡢ⛣ືᗘ࡜ẚ࡭ࡿ࡜ 2 ࢣࢱ㏆ࡃప࠸್࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⛣ືᗘࡢᑠࡉ࠸≀㉁࡛
ࡣ㟁ὶᐦᗘ J ࡜ࡑࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬⋡ࡀᑠࡉࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛
THz ࡣⓎ⏕ࡋ࡟ࡃ࠸ࠋTHz ࡢⓎ⏕࡟ࡣࠊ⛣ືᗘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ᇶᯈࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊGaN ᇶ
ᯈࡀೃ⿵࡜࡞ࡿࠋ㟁Ꮚ⛣ືᗘࡀ 800cm2/Vs ࡜ TiO2 ࡟ẚ࡭ 2 ࢣࢱ኱ࡁ࠸ GaN ࡛ࡣࠊ⾲㠃࠿ࡽ THz ᨺᑕࡀほࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[5]ࠋࡇࡢᇶᯈୖ࡟ࡣ VO2 ⭷ࡀస〇࡛ࡁࠊ⏺㠃࡟᥋ྜࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿ[6]ࠋVO2/GaN ᇶᯈࡢ᥋ྜ⏺㠃ࢆ⏝࠸ࢀࡤࠊMIT ࡟࡜ࡶ࡞࠺௙஦㛵ᩘࡢኚ໬ࢆ THz ᨺᑕᙉᗘࡢኚ໬࠿ࡽㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ௒
ᚋࡢᐇ㦂࡜ࡋ࡚ィ⏬ࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

ࡲ࡜ࡵ
VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)᥋ྜ⏺㠃࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ
ࢆ᳨ฟࡋࠊVO2 ࡢ MIT ࡟క࠺௙஦㛵ᩘࡢኚ໬ࢆㄪ࡭
ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᮏᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ TiO2 ᇶᯈ⮬యࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)᥋ྜ⏺㠃࠿ࡽࡢ THz Ⓨ⏕ࢆ᳨ฟ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢཎᅉࡀᑠࡉ࡞ TiO2 ࡢ㟁Ꮚ⛣ືᗘ࡟࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࠊTiO2 ࡟ẚ࡭࡚኱ࡁ࠸㟁Ꮚ⛣ືᗘࢆᣢࡘᇶᯈࢆ⏝࠸ࡿᚲせᛶࢆ⪃࠼ࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡣ TiO2

ᅗ 3VO2/TiO2(001) 㸦ୖẁ㸧࡜ VO2/TiO2:Nb(001)㸦ୗẁ㸧ࡢ 300K ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ THz ᨺᑕࡢග※ฟຊ࠾ࡼࡧ࿘Ἴᩘ౫Ꮡᛶ
ࡼࡾ㟁Ꮚ⛣ືᗘࡀ 2 ࢣࢱ኱ࡁ࠸ GaN ᇶᯈࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ
VO2/GaN ᥋ྜ⏺㠃࡛ࡢ THz ᨺᑕ࡜ MIT ࡟క࠺ THz
ᨺᑕࡢᙉᗘኚ໬ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩[1] C. Ko et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 3, 3396
(2011).
[2] H. Yin et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 3, 2057
(2011).
[3] Y. Muraoka et al., J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 14, L757
(2002).
[4] Y. Muraoka and Z. Hiroi, Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 583(2002).
[5] Y. Sakai et al., Sci. Rep. 5, 13860 (2015).
[6] Y. Zhou and S. Ramanathan, J. Appl. Phys. 113,
213703 (2013).

࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢆά⏝ࡋࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚࡢ㛤Ⓨ㇂ ṇᙪ 㸪Valynn Mag-Usara㸪໭ཎ ⱥ᫂ 㸪ྂᒇ ᓅ 㸪୰ᔱ ㄔ 
1 ⚟஭኱Ꮫ 㐲㉥እ㡿ᇦ㛤Ⓨ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮2 ኱㜰኱Ꮫ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟
ගఏᑟ࢔ࣥࢸࢼࡸ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛ⤖ᬗࢆࣇ࢙࣒ࢺ⛊࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡛ບ㉳ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶࣃࣝࢫἼࢆⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋගఏᑟ࢔ࣥࢸࢼࡸ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛ⤖ᬗ࡟࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝᵓ㐀ࢆᑟධࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࡸ೫ගࢆไᚚ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜
ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ࡶ⏦ㄳ⪅࡜ཷࡅධࢀ◊✲⪅ࡢ୰ᔱㄔ෸ᩍᤵࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜
ࡣࠊ㠀⥺ᙧගᏛ⤖ᬗ㸦GaAs㸧ୖ࡟࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝᵓ
㐀ࢆᑟධࡋࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼࡢ➨ 2 㧗ㄪἼⓎ⏕ࡢຠ⋡ࢆቑᙉࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆヨࡳࡓࡾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
୍᪉ࠊ᭱㏆ࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ࡞ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚࡀὀ┠ࢆ㞟ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᅗ 1 ཧ↷㸧ࠋࡇࡢ⣲Ꮚࡣ☢
ᛶ㔠ᒓ࡜㠀☢ᛶ㔠ᒓࡢⷧ⭷ 2 㔜ᒙᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡕࠊ☢ᛶ㔠ᒓ୰࡛Ⓨ⏕ࡋࡓࢫࣆࣥὶࡀࠊ㠀☢ᛶ㔠ᒓ࡟ὶࢀࡿ
㝿࡟ࠊ㏫ࢫࣆ࣮ࣥ࣍ࣝຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿᐇ㟁ὶࡀὶࢀࡿࡇ
࡜ࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋගఏᑟ࢔ࣥࢸࢼࡢຠ⋡࡟ࡣࡲࡔཬࡤ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ1~1.6um ᖏࡢࣇ࢓࢖ࣂ࣮࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆບ
㉳ග※࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝࡛ࡁࠊ⣲Ꮚᵓ㐀ࡀ⡆༢࡛ࠊ኱㠃✚ບ㉳ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ࡞࡝ࠊࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚ࡜ࡋ࡚᭷฼࡞≉ᛶࢆഛ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ[1]ࠋ㔠ᒓࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵ
ࢡࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚࡢⷧ⭷ᵓ㐀࡟࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔
ࣝᵓ㐀ࢆᑟධࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼࡢ
࿘ἼᩘࢆไᚚࡋࡓࡾࠊⓎ⏕ຠ⋡ࢆቑᙉ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ
x
fs optical
pulse

0

THz pulse
ETHz(t)

y
j6

V

J
j&

㸬⣲Ꮚసᡂ࠾ࡼࡧホ౯⿦⨨ ⭷ཌ౫Ꮡᛶࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡓࡵࡢ࡟ࠊ)H ࡜ 3W ࡢ⭷ཌࡀ␗࡞ࡿ㸳✀㢮ࡢ⣲Ꮚࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋ⣲Ꮚసᡂ࡟ࡣబ㈡኱Ꮫࡢ㒌඼᪂ᩍᤵࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢ༠ຊࢆᚓ࡚ࠊPP
ཌࡢ 0J2 ᇶᯈୖ࡟ )H ⭷ࡀ 0J2 ᇶᯈഃࠊ3W ⭷ࡀ⾲㠃ഃ࡟࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒⵨╔ἲ࡟ࡼࡾసᡂࡋࡓࠋ
సᡂࡋࡓ⭷ཌࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࢆ⾲㸯࡟♧ࡍࠋ⾲㸯㸬ヨసࡋࡓ Fe ⭷࡜ Pt ⭷ࡢ⭷ཌ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࠋ
‫ࢆࡏࢃྜࡳ⤌ࡿ࠸࡚࠸ࡘࡀۑ‬ヨసࡋࡓࠋFe 2 nmFe 2.5 nm
Fe 3 nmPt 2 nm‫ۑ‬‫ۑ‬
Pt 2.5 nm‫ۑ‬Pt 3 nm‫ۑ‬‫ۑ‬ࡲࡓࠊບ㉳Ἴ㛗౫Ꮡᛶࡢ ᐃ࡟ࡣࠊKaiserslautern ኱Ꮫ ࡢ René Beigang ᩍ ᤵ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ Photonics Center,
Kaiserslautern ࡢ Garik Torosyan ༤ኈ࡟ᥦ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓ
ࡔ࠸ࡓࠊࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ⣲Ꮚ㸦MgO ᇶᯈୖ࡟࢚ࣆ
ࢱ࢟ࢩࣕࣝᡂ㛗ࡋࡓ Fe(2nm)/Pt(3nm)ࡢ⣲Ꮚࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ⣲Ꮚホ౯࡟ࡣࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ᫬㛫㡿ᇦศගἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋホ౯⿦⨨ࡢᶍᘧᅗࢆ Fig.1 ࡟♧ࡍࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ග
※࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ⭷ཌ౫Ꮡᛶホ౯࡟ࡣ Menlo Systems ♫ࡢC-Fiber Laser ࢆࠊບ㉳Ἴ㛗౫Ꮡᛶホ౯࡟ࡣࠊࡉࡽ࡟
 
fsLASER IN

Spinpolarization
Ferromagnetic
metal

d

z

ᙉࢆヨࡳࡿࠋ ᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊ☢ᛶ㔠ᒓ࡜ࡋ࡚ )H ࢆࠊ㠀☢ᛶ㔠ᒓ࡜ࡋ
࡚ 3W ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㔠ᒓ  㔜ᒙࡢ㔠ᒓࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡࢸ
ࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᇶᮏ≉ᛶࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍ
ࡿࡓࡵࠊ⭷ཌ౫Ꮡ࡜㉳Ἴ㛗౫Ꮡࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ

Magnetic
field

Nonmagnetic
metal

PUMPBEAM

PROBE
BEAM
neutraldensityfilter

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of spintronic THz emission
from a bilayer consisting of ferromagnetic andnon-magnetic thin films.
 ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝᵓ㐀ࢆࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼ
Ⓨ⏕⣲Ꮚ࡟ᑟධࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼ
ࡢ࿘ἼᩘࢆไᚚࡋࡓࡾࠊⓎ⏕ຠ⋡ࢆቑᙉࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ
┠ᣦࡍࠋ≉࡟᪂ࡓ࡟㛤Ⓨࡍࡿ㔠ᒓࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ
ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕⣲Ꮚ࡟࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝᵓ㐀ࢆᑟධࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼࡢ࿘Ἴᩘࢆไᚚ
ࡋࡓࡾࠊඹ㬆࿘Ἴᩘ࡛ࡢࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶἼⓎ⏕ຠ⋡ࡢቑ

SpectraPhysics Tsunami
laser

polarizingbeamsplittertimedelay
stage

Wavelength:1.55Pm/780nm
Pulsewidth:~100fs
Repetitionrate:100MHz

chopperf =2kHz
7mW

detector
mirrors

MenloCͲfiberlaser

neutraldensityfilter

probe
power:
10mW

Wavelength:800nm/400nm
Pulsewidth:~100fs
Repetitionrate:82MHzSPINTRONICEMITTERN
S

parabolic
mirrors*detector:3ͲȝmdipoleLTͲGaAsͲbasedPCA

fs
pulse

magnetTHz~15
mT

Pt FeMgO

SilensFig. 2. Experimental setup for evaluation of spintronic THz
emitters.
SpectraPhysics ♫ࡢ Tsunami Laser ࡜ SHG ࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣝ
ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ⣲Ꮚ࠿ࡽࡢ THz Ἴ᳨ฟ࡟ࡣ LT-GaAs ᇶᯈࡢࢲ࢖࣏࣮ࣝᆺගఏᑟ࢔ࣥࢸࢼࢆ
⏝࠸ࡓࠋ㔠ᒓ஧㔜ᒙ࡟࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝᵓ㐀ࢆᑟධࡋࠊࢫࣆࣥ
ࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ⣲Ꮚ࠿ࡽࡢ 7+] Ἴᨺᑕ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ࣓ࢱ࣐ࢸ
ࣜ࢔ࣝࡢᙳ㡪ࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࠋ

㸬⣲Ꮚࡢホ౯⤖ᯝㅰ㎡

Fig. 3 ࡟⭷ཌࡀ␗࡞ࡿ㸳ࡘࡢ⣲Ꮚ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓ
THz Ἴࡢ᫬㛫Ἴᙧࢆ♧ࡍࠋບ㉳࣮ࣞࢨ࣮Ἴ㛗ࡣ
780nm ࡛ࠊບ㉳ࣃ࣮࣡ࡣ 7mW ࡛࠶ࡿࠋFig. 3 ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ᭱኱ࡢ THz Ἴᙉᗘࡣ Fe ⭷ཌ 3nmࠊPt⭷ཌ 2nm ࡀ᭱㐺࡛࠶ࡾࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ
Fig. 4 ࡟ࠊFe ⭷ཌ 2nmࠊPt ⭷ཌ 3nm ࡢ⣲Ꮚࢆࠊບ㉳࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆἼ㛗 400nm ࡜ 800 nmࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ 780nm
࡜ 1550nm ࡢሙྜ࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡓ THz Ἴࡢ᫬㛫Ἴᙧࢆ♧
ࡍࠋFig. 4 ࡟♧ࡉࢀࡿ⤖ᯝࡼࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢἼ㛗࡟࠾࠾࠸࡚ࠊບ㉳࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣮࣡ࡀྠࡌ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ࡯࡜
ࢇ࡝ THz Ἴࡢᨺᑕຠ⋡࡟ኚ໬ࡀ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡿࠋ

⣲Ꮚసᡂ࡟ࡈ༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࠊబ㈡኱Ꮫࡢ㒌඼᪂ᩍᤵ࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢ◊✲ᐊࡢ᪉ࠎࠊࡲࡓࠊKaiserslautern኱Ꮫࡢ René Beigang ᩍᤵ࠾ࡼࡧ Photonics Center,
Kaiserslautern ࡢ Garik Torosyan ༤ኈ࡟ឤㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲ
ࡍࠋࡲࡓ⭷ཌ౫Ꮡࡢホ౯ᐇ㦂࡟༠ຊ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓ⚟஭኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉༤ኈᚋᮇㄢ⛬ࡢ Miezel Talaraࡉࢇ࡟ឤㅰ࠸ࡓࡋࡲࡍࠋ

㻌㻱㻮㻌㻳㼞㼛㼣㼚㻌㻔㻞㼚㼙㻌㻲㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻟㼚㼙㻌㻼㼠㻕㻌㻱㻮㻌㻳㼞㼛㼣㼚㻌㻔㻞㼚㼙㻌㻲㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻞㼚㼙㻌㻼㼠㻕㻌㻱㻮㻌㻳㼞㼛㼣㼚㻌㻔㻞㻚㻡㼚㼙㻌㻲㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻞㻚㻡㼚㼙㻌㻼㼠㻕㻌㻱㻮㻌㻳㼞㼛㼣㼚㻌㻔㻟㼚㼙㻌㻲㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻟㼚㼙㻌㻼㼠㻕㻌㻱㻮㻌㻳㼞㼛㼣㼚㻌㻔㻟㼚㼙㻌㻲㼑㻌㼍㼚㼐㻌㻞㼚㼙㻌㻼㼠㻕

㻞㻡㻜
㻞㻜㻜

㼀㻴㼦㻌㻱㼙㼕㼟㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㻔㼜㻭㻕

㻝㻡㻜
㻝㻜㻜
㻡㻜
㻜
㻙㻡㻜
㻙㻝㻜㻜
㻙㻝㻡㻜
㻤

㻥

㻝㻜

㻝㻝

㻝㻞

㻝㻟

㻝㻠

㼀㼕㼙㼑㻌㻔㼜㼟㻕

Fig. 3. Thickness dependence of THz emission fromspintronic Fe/Pt bilayer.






IVILEHUODVHUVRXUFH
QPSXPS
QPSXPS

7+](PLVVLRQ Q$






IV7LVDSSKODVHUVRXUFH
QPSXPS
QPSXPS











7LPH SV


Fig.4. Wavelength dependence of THz emission fromFe(3nm)/Pt(2nm) spintronic bilayer.
㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡜௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃ
ᮏᖺᗘ࡟⾜ࡗࡓ⣲Ꮚࡢヨస࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢホ౯⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ)H3W 㔠ᒓ஧㔜ᒙࡢࢫࣆࣥࢺࣟࢽࢵࢡ⣲Ꮚࡢᇶᮏ≉ᛶࠊࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ᭱㐺࡞⭷ཌ࠾ࡼࡧບ㉳Ἴ㛗౫Ꮡࢆホ౯ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ௒ᚋࡣ᭱㐺໬ࡉࢀࡓࠊ)H3W



5()(5(1&( 6 [1] Torosyan, et al, Scientific Reports, Vol. 8, 1311
(2018) (DOI:10.1038/s41598-018-19432-9)࣓ࢱࣝࢫࣜࢵࢺ࢔ࣞ࢖✚ᒙᵓ㐀࡬ࡢㄏ㟁యᤄධຠᯝ
ᚨ⏣Ᏻ⣖  㸪ᆏཱྀᾈ୍㑻  㸪Ώ㎶ᑗః  㸪ຍ⸨ᗣస  㸪୰ᔱㄔ    ᒸᒣ┴❧኱Ꮫ ᝟ሗᕤᏛ㒊 ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᕤᏛ⛉  ኱㜰኱Ꮫ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ 㔠ᒓᯈ࡟࿘ᮇⓗ࡟⁁ࢆษࡗࡓ࣓ࢱࣝࢫࣜࢵࢺ࢔ࣞ
࢖ࡣ㸪ࢫࣜࢵࢺ➃࡛ࡢᅇᢡ㝈⏺࿘Ἴᩘ௨ୗ࡛ᨃఝⓗ࡞ㄏ㟁య࡜ࡋ࡚ാࡁ㸪ࡑࡢ➼౯ᒅᢡ⋡ࡣࢫࣜࢵࢺ࿘
ᮇ࡜ࢫࣜࢵࢺᖜࡢẚ࡛Ỵࡲࡾ㸪ཎ⌮ⓗ࡟ࡣ  ࠿ࡽࡢ඲࡚ࡢᒅᢡ⋡⠊ᅖ࡛ኚ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ>@㸬ᡃࠎࡣ㸪ࡇࡢ࣓ࢱࣝࢫࣜࢵࢺ࢔ࣞ࢖ࡢከẁᵓ㐀ࡢගᏛⓗᛶ㉁ࢆㄪ࡭>@㸪ࡑࢀࡽࢆ฼⏝ࡋ࡚ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝ
ࢶἼࢆไᚚࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ>@㸬ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ㸪࣓ࢱࣝࢫࣜࢵࢺ࢔ࣞ࢖ࡢ஧ẁᵓ㐀࡟ㄏ㟁యࢆᤄධࡋࡓ࡜ࡁ㸪㏱㐣≉ᛶࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ኚࢃࡿ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸
࡚ࢸࣛ࣊ࣝࢶ᫬㛫㡿ᇦศගἲ㸦7+] 7LPH'RPDLQ6SHFWURVFRS\ 7+]7'6㸧࡟ࡼࡿ ᐃࢆ⾜࠸㸪⤖ᯝࢆ᫬㛫㡿ᇦ᭷㝈ᕪศἲ㸦)LQLWH'LIIHUHQFH7LPH'RPDLQ
)'7'㸧࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾゎ㔘ࡋ
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࣐ࢵࣉ࡜ F ࢚࢔ࢠࣕࢵࣉ࡟ᑐࡍࡿࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ࣐ࣝࢵࣉ㸬

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ࣜ࢔ࣝ᮲௳ୗ㸦Ȝ!d㸧࡛ᙉ࠸ )DEU\±3HURW ⓗ࡞ඹ㬆࣮ࣔࢻࡀほ ࡉࢀࡓ>@㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ᅗ  E ࡢࢥࣆ࣮⏝⣬ࢆᣳࢇࡔᵓ㐀࡛ࡣ 7+] ௨ୖࡢ࣮ࣔࢻࡣᙉࡃῶ⾶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬 )'7' ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡿゎ㔘ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪➼౯࡞ᵓ㐀࡟ᑐࡋ࡚࢔ࣞ࢖㛫㊥㞳 s ࢆ  ࠿ࡽ  P ࡲ࡛  P ้ࡳ࡛ኚ໬ࡉࡏࡓ࡜ࡁࡢ㏱㐣ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ )'7' ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ  D ࡣ࣓ࢱࣝࢫࣜࢵ
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ᅗ  ࢫࣜࢵࢺ㛫㊥㞳 s ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㏱㐣ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ࣐ࣝࢵࣉࡢ
)'7' ィ⟬⤖ᯝ D nD  E nD nS  F nS 㸬࢚࢔ࢠࣕࢵࣉ࡟ᑐࡍࡿᅗ  D ࡢィ⟬⤖ᯝࡣ㸪࣮ࣔࢻᾘኻࡢ఩⨨ࡶྵࡵ࡚ᅗ  F ࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡜ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡼࡃྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪s  ࡜ ȝP ௜㏆ࡢ࣮ࣔࢻᾘኻࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ㸪' ࣮ࣔࢻ࡜ࣈ࣮ࣝࢩࣇࢺ
ࡋࡓ ' ࣮ࣔࢻ㸬࠾ࡼࡧ ' ࣮ࣔࢻ࡜ࣈ࣮ࣝࢩࣇࢺࡋ
ࡓ ' ࣮ࣔࢻ࡜ࡢᖸ΅࡟ࡼࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
>@㸬୍᪉㸪ᅗ  F ࡢሙྜࡢᅇᢡ㝈⏺࿘Ἴᩘࡣ cnSd࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛㸪ᅗ  D ࢆ 7+] ࠿ࡽ 7+] ࡟ᅽ⦰ࡋࡓ≉ᛶ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ࢥࣆ࣮⏝⣬ࡢᤄධ࡟ᑐᛂࡋࡓᅗ  E ࡢィ⟬⤖ᯝࢆぢࡿ࡜㸪 ࡜ 7+] ࡢ㛫࡛ࡢ࣮ࣔࢻࡢ
᣺⯙࠸ࡣ࣮ࣝࣉ≧ࡢ≉ᛶ>@ࢆ♧ࡍ࡞࡝㠀ᖖ࡟」㞧
࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ෆഃࡢࢫࣜࢵࢺ➃࡛ࡢᅇᢡ㝈⏺࿘Ἴᩘࡀ  7+] ࡟ୗࡀࡗࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪7+] ௨ୗ࡛ࡣ࡝ࡕࡽࡢࢫ
ࣜࢵࢺ➃࡛ࡶᅇᢡࡣ⏕ࡌ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛㏻ᖖࡢඹ㬆≉ᛶࡀ
ほ ࡉࢀࡿࡀ㸪 ࡜ 7+] ࡢ㛫࡛ࡣෆഃࡢࢫ
ࣜࢵࢺ➃࡛ᅇᢡࡀ⏕ࡌࡿࡓࡵ㸪࢔ࣞ࢖㛫㡿ᇦ࡛ࡣᅇᢡἼࡀᖸ΅ࡋ㸪」㞧࡞㏱㐣≉ᛶࢆ♧ࡍ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ⌧㇟ࢆどぬⓗ࡟☜࠿ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟㸪)'7' ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ☢ሙ Hy ࡢ᣺ᖜศᕸࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓ㸬ᅗ  ࡣᅗ  D ࡜  E ࡟࠾࠸࡚ⓑ୸࡛࣐࣮ࢡࡋࡓ s P ࡢ  Ⅼ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᣺ᖜศᕸࢆ♧ࡍ㸬
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ᅗ  ୰㛫ᒙ㸦s ȝP㸧ࡢᒅᢡ⋡ࡀ D F  ࡜ E G ࡢሙྜࡢඹ㬆࣮ࣔࢻࡢ☢ሙࡢ᣺ᖜศᕸ

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ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣඹ㬆࿘Ἴᩘࡀ࡜ࡶ࡟ 7+]ࡼࡾ༑ศప࠸ࡓࡵᅇᢡࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ඹ㬆࿘Ἴᩘࡀ  7+] ௨ୖࡢ㧗ḟࡢ࣮ࣔࢻ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪୰㛫ᒙࡀ✵Ẽᒙ㸦ᅗ  F 㸧࡜ࢥࣆ࣮⏝⣬㸦ᅗ  G 㸧࡜ࡢሙྜ࡛᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ศᕸࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡣ
␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡣᅗ  G ࡢ୰㛫ᒙ࡛ࡣ  ḟࡢᅇᢡἼ࡟ࡼࡿᖸ΅ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿ>@㸬࡞࠾㸪ᅗ  E ࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡛ 7+] ௨ୖࡢ࣮ࣔࢻ
ࡣᙉࡃῶ⾶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣ㸪ᐇ㦂ヨᩱࡢᵓ㐀ࡤࡽࡘࡁ࡟ࡼࡾᅇᢡ᮲௳ࡀ஘ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬 ࡲ࡜ࡵ
7+] ᖏ࡛ᨃఝⓗ࡞ㄏ㟁య࡜ࡳ࡞ࡏࡿ࣓ࢱࣝࢫࣜࢵ
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7+]7'6 ἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬⤖ᯝࡣ )'7' ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾゎ㔘ࡉࢀࡓ㸬ㅰ㎡ᮏ◊✲ࡢ୍㒊ࡣ -636 ⛉◊㈝ -3. ຓᡂࢆཷࡅ࡚⾜ࡗࡓ㸬࠙ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚ
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9%;" Ą 2(b)(úc^hc@OJKP`<žą)c^hÿÂ$ 9 3405 cm-1 )c@OÿÂ<àĢĶ* 1000 ĎØ$åÛ ą)c^hc@OÿÂ*fI)ą)ĺŜ(69²Ć%ÿ
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2(ÿÂ 0 ('"# 9ąă 20 m ĸĽ)İţĿķuĒ)c@OÿÂ*Ą 2(b))ĜōĄ(à6(ąă(ĝŁ9lį(YF°7:9
/ ąă 3 4 m ĸĽ$ 9č¾)c@OÿÂ(3ņż)ąă(ĝŁ9YF°7:9ą)c^hŔĴ$)Ģ$ 9 2(ķų7)
śæÿÂ*Ģ:' *$ 9ŔĴ 355 nm$)ą)c^hŔĴ 403 nm*ąı)ĺŜ(6Ą 2 čĿ $)úc^hc@O(69(a)c^hK\FQe(b)3405 cm-1 )c^hc@OÿÂ

9Ľ²Ćô2(::)ąă$Čą)Ėŭc^h×Ɓ)Ã©ķų$śæ#Y
FČ# 9%¿7:9ą)c^hc@OÿÂ*ĦùDK)ŒĽ<Šy9 2)ċÿ
Â%#ĢĶ#
7(ķų)Ģ(3Ƃž$9%;" /%2  ¼Ī'ķ<ºƅ6bSNdG9ąıDKc^hc@OJKP`)Ś<À İţĿ $úĢ<åÛ È¶*ĦùDK%ą)c^
hc@OÿÂ<ņß(éň9JKP`)Ś4Ŕ)p<ª²9ŭŮßťœŢ)ICCD Cac<­ï(ž #ı7)c^h×ƁĊť)0<ĢĶ9ŭâ'&)ėÒ<­ń
9źĶ$ 9çáű¯)oŤ*ĪÏĪfIATeE¯MhN)ņƂžņ¯ ĳĬXeKf
I)ŚĈ·'7,()tž )3%(åÛ: Õ¿Ŧ®
[1] T. Somekawa, A. Tani, and M. Fujita: Appl. Phys.
Express 4 (2011) 112401.

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ୰ᛶᏊⓎ⏕⏝ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ㥑ື⿦⨨ࡢ㛤Ⓨ஭ୖ❹௓ி㒔኱Ꮫ໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ◊✲┠ⓗ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㧗ฟຊ໬ࡀ㐍ࡳࠊ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮㥑ື୰ᛶᏊࡢ◊✲ࡀ┒ࢇ࡟⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟
࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊✲ᡤࡢ᭷ᕝẶࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛ࡣி㒔኱Ꮫࡢ 7 ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ - ࠊࢫ࣌࢖ࣥ &/38 ࡢ 9(*$,, ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ - ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ+] ࡢ୰ᛶᏊ㐃⥆Ⓨ⏕ᐇ㦂࡟ᡂຌࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋḟࡣ 9(*$,,,ࡢᐇ㦂ࡀỴࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ௒ᚋࡣ -.$5(13 ࡸ (/,%HDPOLQH ࡛ࡢᐇ㦂ࡶィ⏬ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
⌧≧ࡣࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢ஺᥮࡛㐃⥆↷ᑕᅇᩘࡀỴࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ+] ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢሙྜࢃࡎ࠿  ⛊࡛ Ⓨࢆᧁࡕࡁࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࡑࢀ࡟ᑐᛂ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺  Ⓨ௨ୖࡢ㐃⥆ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ౪⤥ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺
࡞ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢ㛤Ⓨࡀᛴົ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ

ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ9(*$,,, ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡛ࡢ౑⏝ࢆᛕ㢌࡟ࠊỗ⏝ⓗ࡟౑࠼ࡿ⿦⨨ࢆタィࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㛗↔Ⅼࣃࣛ࣎ࣛD◊✲ᡂᯝி㒔኱Ꮫ࡛౑⏝ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓᅇ㌿ᆺࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ㥑ື⿦⨨ࢆᨵⰋࡋࠊග᰾཯ᛂ୰ᛶᏊⓎ⏕࡟≉໬ࡋࡓࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ㥑ື⿦⨨ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋࢫ࣌࢖ࣥࢧ࣐ࣛࣥ࢝
ࡢ 9(*$,, ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡛ࡢᐇ㦂⏝࡟タィࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ࣮ࣔࢱ࣮࣭ࢣ࣮ࣈࣝࠊ┿✵ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࢫ࣮ࣝ⿦⨨ࢆ㧗┿✵௙ᵝ࡟ࡋࡓᅗ㸯 D ࠋᅇ㌿ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ࢆ㞟ගࡋ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮; ⥺ࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࠊࡑࡢ ; ⥺ࢆ㔜Ỉ࡟స⏝ࡉࡏ࡚ࠊග᰾཯ᛂ࡛୰ᛶᏊࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿᐇ㦂ࢭࢵࢺ࢔ࢵࣉ࡛⏝࠸ࡿࠋᅇ㌿ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺᮦᩱࡣࠊ
㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮㟁ᏊࢆⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵ࡟ฟ᮶ࡿࡔࡅ =␒ྕࡀ㧗ࡃࠊࡲࡓᏳ౯࡟◊☻ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚౑࠸ᤞ࡚࡟࡛
ࡁࡿࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫࢆ᥇⏝ࡋࡓࠋᅗ㸯 E ࡣ↷ᑕᚋࡢࢱ࣮
ࢤࢵࢺ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㢖⦾࡟஺᥮ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࠋᅗ  ᯛࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࠶ࡓࡾ  ࢩࣙࢵࢺࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࠊ
஺᥮ࡋࡓࠋ⌧≧ࡢ෇┙ࢧ࢖ࢬ࡛ࡣ  ࢩࣙࢵࢺࡀ㝈⏺࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶ࠺୍ᅇࡾ኱ࡁ࡞෇┙ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿ஦࡛ ࢩࣙࢵࢺࡶྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ㠃ࡢฝพࡀ࠶ࢀࡤࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㞟ගᙉᗘࡀࢩࣙࢵࢺࡈ࡜࡟ኚ
ࢃࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠋࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡣพฝࢆ P ⛬ᗘ࡟ᢚ࠼ࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋพฝࡣࢫࢸࣥࣞࢫᯈࡢ◊☻⢭ᗘ࡜ࠊᅇ㌿㍈ࡢṍࡳ࡛Ỵࡲࡗ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡇࡢᐇ㦂࡟༑ศ࡞⢭ᗘࡀ㐩ᡂ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ఩⨨ኚ఩ィࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ ࢆ⾜࡞ࡗࡓ࡜ࡇࢁพฝࡣ P ⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

E

F⌧ᅾྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ୰ࡢᅇ㌿ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ⿦⨨ᅗ  ୰ᛶᏊⓎ⏕⏝ᅇ㌿ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ D ࡜ࠊ↷ᑕᚋࡢࢫࢸ
ࡇࡢ⿦⨨ࢆᛂ⏝ࡋ࡚ࠊ㐃⥆㥑ືࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣑࣮ࣛࢆタィࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ཮ᴟ㠃ࣃࣛ࣎ࣛࢆ᥇⏝ࡍࡿ஦࡛ࠊ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ࡢ㞟ගᙉᗘࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ⿦⨨ࢆタィࣥࣞࢫᯈ E ࠊࢫ࣌࢖ࣥ 9(*$,, ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢᐇ㦂࡛ࡢᐇ㝿ࡢ౑⏝㢼ᬒ

࣑࣮ࣛࡢගࢆ཮ᴟ㠃ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣑࣮ࣛ࡟↷ᑕࡍࡿ࡜ࠊᅗ  ᪂ᆺᅇ㌿ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡟ࡼࡿ㞟ගࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣑
࣮ࣛ࡜ᅇ㌿ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢᴫᛕᅗ
ࣃ࣑࣮ࣛ࣎ࣛࣛࡢ ) ್ࢆୗࡆࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊ㞟ගᙉᗘࢆ㧗ࡵࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࡢ㧗࠸
9(*$,,, ⿦⨨࡛ࡣࢳࣕࣥࣂ࣮ࡢࢧ࢖ࢬࡀ኱ࡁࡃࠊࡲ
ࡓࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢹࣈࣜ࠿ࡽࣃ࣑࣮ࣛ࣎ࣛࣛࢆᏲࡿࡓࡵ
࡟ࠊ㛗↔Ⅼ㊥㞳 )  ࡢࣃࣛ࣎ࣛࡀ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
୰ᛶᏊⓎ⏕ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㞟ගᙉᗘࢆ  ಸ㧗ࡵࡓ࠸࡜࠸せᮃࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ) ್  ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ኱ཱྀᚄࡢ▷↔Ⅼ㊥㞳ࡢࣃ࣑࣮ࣛ࣎ࣛࣛࡢ〇㐀ࡣࢥࢫࢺⓗ࡟⌧ᐇⓗ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛㐃⥆ᅇ㌿ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣑࣮ࣛࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ  ࡟♧ࡍᴫᛕᅗࡣࠊタィ୰ࡢᅇ㌿ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ⿦⨨࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨୍࡟ᅇ㌿㥑ື཮ᴟ㠃ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࣑࣮ࣛ㸦࢔ࢡࣜࣝ〇㸧ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ➨஧࡟ᅗ㸯ࡢࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ⿦⨨ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡀྠᮇࡋ࡚
ྠ᫬࡟㥑ືࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅇ㌿ᑐ⛠཮ᴟ㠃ࡣ཯ᑕ࡟ࡼࡾ㞟ග ) ್ࢆᑠࡉࡃࡍࡿ஦ࡀ࡛ࡁࠊᅇ㌿㥑ືࢆࡉࡏࡿ
ࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡾ 9(*$,,, ࡢ㞟ගᙉᗘࢆ ಸ㧗ࡵࠊࡋ࠿ࡶ  Ⓨࡢ㐃⥆㐠㌿ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ
࠺࡟࡞ࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࡶ㛤Ⓨࢆ⥅⥆ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷᫂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㧗₇Ⰽ໬ࡢ㛤Ⓨ┾㘠 ⏤㞝 㸪ᔱ⏣ ㈼⏨ 㸪▼㔝 ṇே 㸪ᒣᮏ ࿴ஂ  ὠᒣᕤᴗ㧗➼ᑓ㛛Ꮫᰯ ⥲ྜ⌮ᕤᏛ⛉ ኱㜰኱Ꮫ ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ⌧ᅾࠊ᪤Ꮡ↷᫂⿦⨨ࡢ⺯ගⅉ࠿ࡽ┬࢚ࢿ࡟ඃࢀࡓ
ᅛయ↷᫂⿦⨨࡟⛣⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᅛయⓎග⣲Ꮚࡣ㞳ᩓⓗ࡞Ⓨගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ₇Ⰽᛶࡣ㐃⥆ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿᶆ‽ග※࡟ẚ࡭࡚㠀ᖖ࡟ప࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ᪤Ꮡග※㸦ⓑ⇕㟁⌫ࡸ⺯ගⅉ㸧࡟ẚ࡭࡚ࡶప࠸ࠋᅛయⓎග⣲Ꮚࡢ㧗₇Ⰽ໬ࡢ୍౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ
኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ୰ࡢᒣᮏ࿴ஂᩍᤵ
ࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡛ࡣࠊ㸲Ἴ㛗༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡼ
ࡿග※࡛₇Ⰽᛶࢆᨵၿࡋࡓሗ࿌ࡀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ>@ࠋࡲࡓࠊ⏦ㄳ⪅ࡣࠊ㹊㹃㹂ࡢሙྜⓑⰍ㹊㹃㹂࡟㉥Ⰽࠊ⥳Ⰽ༢Ⰽ㹊㹃㹂ࢆຍⰍࡋࡓሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿ>@ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ➨㸳ୡ௦⛣ື㏻ಙࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡸ㧗⢭⣽㸶㹉ᫎീࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡞࡝ࡢḟୡ௦ᫎീࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᐇ⏝໬ࡀ⌧ᅾ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓどぬࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿᐁ⬟᳨ᰝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠊ౛࠼ࡤࠊ㐲㝸సᴗࡸᡭ⾡࡞࡝ࠊⰍ෌⌧࡛ᐇ⌧ࡉࢀࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࡣཝࡋ࠸↷᫂⎔ቃ᮲௳ࡀせồࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡢどぬ฼⏝ࡢ↷᫂ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࡣ㧗₇Ⰽᛶࡢᶵ⬟ࢆࡶࡕࠊ࠿ࡘ┬࢚ࢿ࡛
㍍㔞ᑠᆺࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷᫂ࡀ㔜せ࡞࣮࢟ࢹࣂ࢖ࢫ࡜
࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᒣᮏ࿴ஂᩍᤵࡽࡢ◊✲ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡢᇶᖿタഛ࡜⏦ㄳ⪅ࡢ₇Ⰽᛶࡢᨵၿᢏ⾡ࡢ⼥ྜ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ
Ἴ㛗㑅ᢥࡢᐜ᫆࡞㹊㹃㹂࡟࠾࠸࡚ຍἲΰⰍ࡟ࡼࡿ
Ⓨගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝྜᡂ࡛ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷᫂ࡢ₇Ⰽᛶࡢᨵၿࡢඛ⾜᳨ウࢆ⾜࡞࠸ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷᫂ࡢᐇ⏝ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮Ἴ㛗ࡢᩘࡸග※ࡢἼ㛗㛫㝸࡞࡝ࡢㅖ≉ᛶ࡜₇Ⰽᛶࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚෌᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊ㸱Ⰽ࡞࠸ࡋ㸲Ⰽ༢Ⰽ㹊㹃㹂ࡢᵓᡂ࡛≉Ṧ₇Ⰽホ౯ᩘ㸦㹐㸷㸧ࢆຍἲΰⰍἲࢆ⏝࠸࡚ィ⟬ࡋࠊᐇ㦂᳨࡛ド☜ㄆࡍࡿ࡜ඹ࡟ࠊࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᇶ࡟༙ᑟయ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ᐇ㦂ⓗ࡟☜ㄆࡍࡿࠋ 㸰㸬ຍἲΰⰍ࡟ࡼࡿⓎගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝྜᡂ
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㢧ⴭ࡞ࡦࡎࡳ㏿ᗘ౫Ꮡᛶࢆ♧ࡋࠊࡦࡎࡳ㏿ᗘࡀ 105 /s௨ୖ࡟ࡶ㐩ࡍࡿ⾪ᧁᅽ⦰ୗ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㟼ⓗ࡞ᮦᩱヨ㦂࡛ᚓࡽࢀࡿ್ࡢᩘಸࡶ኱ࡁࡃ࡞ࡿࠋᐇ㝿ࠊ㔠ᒓᮦᩱ࡛ࡣᩘⓒ MPaࠊ↓ᶵᮦᩱ࡛ࡣ༑ᩘ GPa ࡢ㝆అᙉᗘࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜ࡶ⌋ࡋࡃ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡢ㉸㧗ࡦࡎࡳ㏿ᗘኚᙧ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㝆అᙉᗘࡢⴭࡋ࠸ୖ᪼ࡣࠊረᛶኚᙧࢆᨭ㓄ࡍࡿ㌿఩ࡢ⛣ື㏿ᗘࡼࡾࠊᛂຊ࣭ࡦࡎࡳࢆఏ࠼ࡿ
⾪ᧁἼࡢఏ᧛㏿ᗘࡀ㏿࠸ࡇ࡜ࡀཎᅉ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ[1]ࠋࡘࡲࡾࠊ㌿఩ࡢ㐠ືࡣࠊᛴ⃭࡞ᛂຊሙኚ໬
࡟ᑐࡍࡿ᫬㛫⦆࿴⌧㇟࡜ࡋ࡚㝆అᙉᗘ࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆཬࡰࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᛂຊ⦆࿴ᶵᵓ࡜ࡋ
࡚ࡢረᛶኚᙧࢲ࢖ࢼ࣑ࢡࢫࢆ᳨ドࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ
km/s ࣮࢜ࢲ࣮ࡢ⾪ᧁἼ㏿ᗘ࡛ఏ᧛ࡍࡿ᱁Ꮚࡦࡎࡳ
ࡢ᫬㛫ኚ໬㐣⛬ࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡣࠊ
ศᏊືຊᏛἲ࡞࡝ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᩘ್ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡾ᳨ウ[2]ࡀ㐍ࡵࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ㏆ᖺࠊᐇ㦂ᢏ⾡ࡢⓎᒎ࡟ࡼࡾࠊᐇ㦂ⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡶᒎ㛤ࡉࢀጞࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ[3]ࠋ
௨ୖࡢ⫼ᬒ࠿ࡽࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ᱁Ꮚࡦࡎࡳࡢኚ
໬㐣⛬ࢆᐇ㦂ⓗ࡟ ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⾪ᧁἼࡢఏ᧛࡟ࡼࡾ⏕ࡌࡿ㧗ᛂຊ࣭㉸㧗ࡦࡎࡳ㏿ᗘኚᙧୗ࡛ࡢ
ረᛶኚᙧᶵᵓࢆホ౯࣭ゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊCaF2 ༢⤖ᬗ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠊᨺᑕ
ගࣃࣝࢫ X ⥺࡜ࢸ࣮ࣈࣝࢺࢵࣉᆺࣁ࢖ࣃ࣮࣮࣡ࣞࢨ
࣮࡜ࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓࠊ࣏ࣥࣉ࣭ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈᆺ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮
ㄏ㉳⾪ᧁᅽ⦰ୗࢼࣀ⛊᫬㛫ศゎ X ⥺ᅇᢡᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋᑦࠊ༢⤖ᬗヨᩱࡢධᡭᛶࠊࣜࣇ
࢓ࣞࣥࢫ࡜࡞ࡿ༢⤖ᬗࣂࣝࢡయࡢ⾪ᧁᅽ⦰ࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ
Ꮡᅾ[4]࡞࡝࠿ࡽࠊCaF2 ࢆᮏᐇ㦂ࡢヨᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚㑅ᐃ
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᐇ㦂᪉ἲ
ᮏᐇ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᫬㛫ศゎ X ⥺ᅇᢡᐇ㦂ࡣࠊ㧗࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ຍ㏿◊✲ᶵᵓ㸦KEK㸧ࡢᨺᑕග᪋タ࡛࠶ࡿ
PF-AR ࡢ NW14A ࣅ࣮࣒ࣛ࢖ࣥ[5]࡛⾜ࡗࡓࠋNW14A
࡛ࡣ X ⥺ࣃࣝࢫࢭࣞࢡࢱ࣮࡜ X ⥺ࢩࣕࢵࢱ࣮࡟ࡼࡾ
ᨺᑕග X ⥺ 1 ࣃࣝࢫ㸦ࣃࣝࢫᖜ 100 ps㸧ࢆྲྀࡾฟࡍ
ࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋNW14A ࡟タ⨨ࡉࢀࡿ⿦⨨ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚࣂࣥࢳࡢ⵳✚ࣜࣥࢢ࿘ᅇ࿘Ἴᩘࢆᇶ‽࡟ไᚚࡉࢀࠊ࣏ࣥࣉග࡜࡞ࡿࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜ X ⥺ࣃࣝࢫ࡜ࡢࢹ࢕ࣞ࢖ㄪᩚࡣ 100 ps ௨ୗࡢࢪࢵࢱ࣮࡛௵ព࡟タᐃྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋX ⥺ࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ್࣮࠾
ࡼࡧ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᖜࡶㄪᩚྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣ 16

keV ࡟ࣆ࣮ࢡࢆᣢࡘ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ᖜ dE/E=15%ࡢⓑⰍX ⥺ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋX ⥺↷ᑕࢧ࢖ࢬࡣ 0.45 mm0.25 mm
࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㏱㐣࢚ࣛ࢘ᅇᢡീࢆ 2 ḟඖ CCD ࡟ࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡋࡓࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ㄏ㉳⾪ᧁἼⓎ⏕⏝ࡢ࣏ࣥࣉග࡟ࡣࠊ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᙉᗘ 1 J/pulse, ࣃࣝࢫᖜ 10 ns, Ἴ㛗 1064
nm ࡢ Nd:YAG ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࠾ࡼࡧࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᙉᗘ 16
J/pulse, ࣃࣝࢫᖜ 12 ns, Ἴ㛗 1064 nm ࡢ Nd:࢞ࣛࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢ㞟ගᚄࡣ X ⥺↷ᑕࢧ࢖ࢬࡼࡾ኱ࡁ࠸ 500 ȝm ࡜ࡋࡓࠋヨᩱ࡜ࡋ࡚ (100)࠾ࡼ
ࡧ(111)࡟ࡑࡗ࡚ษࡾฟࡉࢀࡓ CaF2 ༢⤖ᬗ㸦௨ᚋࡑࢀࡒࢀ CaF2[100]ࠊCaF2[111]࡜⾲グ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࠋヨᩱࢧ࢖ࢬࡣ 5-mm ゅ, ཌࡉ 0.05 mm ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ1 J/pulse ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ㈨ᩱࡢ↷ᑕ㠃ഃ࡟ 6-ȝm ཌࡢ
Al ࢆࠊ16 J/pulse ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ᫬࡟ࡣࠊ25-ȝm ཌࡢ
PET ࣇ࢕࣒ࣝࢆ᥋╔ࡋࠊ࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢱ࣮࡜ࡋ࡚⏝࠸ࡓࠋྛ࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢱ࣮࡟࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ㞟ග↷ᑕࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼ
ࡾ࢔ࣈ࣮ࣞࢩࣙࣥࡉࡏࠊࡑࡢ཯స⏝࡜ࡋ࡚⾪ᧁἼࢆ
ヨᩱෆ㒊࡟ఏ᧛ࡉࡏࡓࠋ ᮏᐇ㦂࡛ࡣࠊཌࡳ᪉ྥࡼࡾ
༑ศ࡟ᗈ࠸㡿ᇦ࡟ᖹ㠃⾪ᧁἼࢆఏ᧛ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼ
ࡾࠊ࣐ࢡࣟ࡟ࡣ 1 ㍈ࡦࡎࡳᅽ⦰≧ែࡀ㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡿ᮲
௳࡜ࡋࡓࠋ
⤖ᯝ࡜⪃ᐹ
Fig. 1 ࡟ᮏᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾྲྀᚓࡉࢀࡓ㏱㐣࢚ࣛ࢘ᅇᢡീࢆ♧ࡍࠋᅗ୰ࡢ(a), (b)ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕ๓ࡢ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ(c), (d), (e), (f)ࡣ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕᚋ 4 ns ࡢ≧ែ࡛ྲྀᚓࡉࢀࡓᅇᢡീ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ(c), (d)࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᙉᗘࡣ 1 J/pulse ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ(e), (f)࡛ࡣ 16
J/pulse ࡛࠶ࡿࠋCaF2[100]ࠊCaF2[111]࠸ࡎࢀࡢヨᩱ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᙉᗘࡀ 1 J/pulse ࡢ᮲௳࡟࠾࠸࡚
ࡣࠊ2ș ᪉ྥ㸦ᚄ᪉ྥ㸧㧗ゅᗘഃ㸦እഃ㸧࡟᪂ࡓ࡞ᅇ
ᢡⅬࡀ⌧ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋᮏᐇ㦂࡛⾜ࡗࡓⓑⰍ X ⥺࡟ࡼࡿ࢚ࣛ࢘ᅇᢡ࡛ࡣࠊ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀࡟␗᪉ⓗ࡞ࡦࡎࡳࡀ⏕ࡌࡓ᫬࡟ᅇᢡⅬࡀ⛣ືࡍࡿࠋ(c), (d)࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟඲࡚ࡢᅇᢡⅬࡀ୍ᵝ࡟㧗ゅᗘഃ࡟ࢩࣇ
ࢺࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែࡣࠊ⤖ᬗᵓ㐀ࡀ୍㍈᪉ྥ࡟⦰ࢇ࡛࠸
ࡿࡇ࡜࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿࠋࡇࡢࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊࡇࡢ⾪ᧁᅽ⦰᮲௳࡛ࡣࠊ⤖ᬗ᱁Ꮚ࡜࠸࠺࣑ࢡࣟࡢ≧ែ࡛ࡶ୍㍈ࡦࡎࡳ≧ែࡀ㐩ᡂࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊᛂຊ࣭ࡦࡎࡳ⦆࿴ࡢ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸࡞࠸ᙎᛶኚᙧ㡿ᇦࡢ᱁Ꮚᛂ⟅ࢆほ ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠼ࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊ(e), (f)࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ඲࡚ࡢᅇ
ᢡⅬࡀࢩࣇࢺ࡜ࣈ࣮ࣟࢻࢽࣥࢢࡀΰᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡀศ࠿ࡿࠋຍ࠼࡚ࠊࢩࣇࢺࡢ᪉ྥ
ࡀᅇᢡⅬ࡟ࡼࡾ␗࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊࡶほᐹ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇ
ࢀࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ࠿ࡽࠊ16 J/pulse ࡢ↷ᑕ᮲௳࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⾪ᧁᅽ⦰≧ែ࡛ࡣࠊ࣐ࢡࣟ࡟ࡣ୍㍈ࡦࡎࡳ≧ែ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡗ
࡚ࡶࠊ⤖ᬗ᱁Ꮚ࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣࡶࡣࡸ୍㍈ࡦࡎࡳࢆ⥔ᣢ㔝⃝ಇ௓Ặࠊ῝㇂ுẶࠊ⯪ᏲᒎṇẶࠊᮾிᕤᴗ኱Ꮫ
ࣇࣟࣥࢸ࢕࢔ᮦᩱ◊✲ᡤࡢ୰ᮧ୍㝯Ặࠊ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫࡢ⯆㔝⣧Ặࠊ㧗ᮌኊ኱Ặ࡟༠ຊࢆ㡬࠸ࡓࠋཧ⪃ᩥ⊩[1] M. A. Meyers, Dynamic Behavior of Materials(Wiley, New York, 1994).
[2] B. L. Holian et al., Science 280, 2085 (1998).
[3] D. Milathianaki et al., Science 342, 220 (2013).
[4] T. Sekine and T. Kobayashi, Phys. Chem. Minerals
38, 305 (2011).
[5] K. Ichiyanagi et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 231918(2007).

Fig. 1. Two-dimensional Laue diffraction patterns of
CaF2 [100]-oriented crystal ((a), (c), (e)) and CaF2[111]-oriented crystal ((b), (d), (f)). (a) and (b) are
patterns obtained before laser irradiation. (c), (d) and (e),(f) are obtained at about 4 ns after irradiation of 1 J/pulse
and 16 J/pulse laser, respectively.
ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡎࠊ⤖ᬗᏊࡢᅇ㌿ࡸ୙ᆒ୍ኚᙧ࡟ࡼ
ࡾᛂຊ࣭ࡦࡎࡳ⦆࿴ࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿࠊࡘࡲࡾ㝆అᚋࡢረᛶࡦࡎࡳࡀ⏕ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែࡢ᱁Ꮚᛂ⟅ࢆほ ࡋࡓ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ
ᮏᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⾪ᧁᅽ⦰ୗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㝆అ๓ᚋࡢ≧ែ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᱁Ꮚᛂ⟅ࡢᵝᏊࢆࠊX ⥺ᅇᢡ࡟ࡼࡾほࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊᮏ ᐃࡣ㏱㐣ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࡺ࠼࡟ࠊᅇᢡ⏬ീࡣ⾪ᧁἼఏ᧛᪉ྥࡢࡦࡎࡳ
ศᕸ≧ែࡀ㔜␚ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ௒ᚋࡣࠊࣞ
࣮ࢨ࣮㏿ᗘᖸ΅ィࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⾪ᧁἼࣉࣟࣇ࢓࢖ࣝィࢆᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⾪ᧁἼఏ᧛᪉ྥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࣐
ࢡࣟ࡞ࡦࡎࡳศᕸ≧ែࡢ᝟ሗࢆྲྀᚓࡋࠊᮏᅇᢡ⏬ീ࡜ẚ㍑ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ᱁Ꮚࡦࡎࡳࡢ⾪ᧁἼఏ᧛᪉
ྥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵㛫ศᕸ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟ࠊࡑࡢ᫬㛫Ⓨᒎࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊረᛶኚᙧ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊྛᅇᢡⅬࡢࢩࣇࢺ᪉ྥࡢ㐪࠸࠿ࡽࠊ⤖ᬗࡢᅇ㌿ࡸࡍ࡭ࡾࡢ᪉ྥࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࠊ⤖ᬗ᪉ྥ࡜⾪ᧁἼఏ᧛᪉ྥࡢ㛵ಀࡶྵࡵࡓࠊረᛶኚᙧࡢ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒
ゎ᫂࡟⧅ࡆ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ㅰ㎡
KEK, PF-AR, NW14A ࣅ࣮࣒ࣛ࢖࡛ࣥࡢ᫬㛫ศゎ X ⥺ᅇᢡᐇ㦂ࡢᐇ᪋࡟࠶ࡓࡾࠊ⮬἞་⛉኱Ꮫࡢ୍ᰗගᖹẶࠊKEK ≀㉁ᵓ㐀⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢ㊊❧ఙ୍Ặࠊ

Wave propagation and absorption in plasma with a strong magnetic field
driven by a polarization controlled long-wavelength laser pulse
1

Yoshitaka MORI ,1

Takayoshi SANO

2The Graduated School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries,
2

ILE, Osaka University

INTRODUCTION
Electromagnetic wave propagation and absorption
in plasma is one of the fundamental issues on plasma
physics since its dawn in relation to wave dispersion
relation in discharged materials. For discharge plasma
with density less than solid density, plasma production orits heating have been conducted in external magnetic
field using plasma dispersion relation such as cyclotron
resonance [1]. For plasma with density beyond the solid
density, most wave-plasma interactions were conductedwithout the external magnetic field.
Experiments of generation of laser-driven kT classmagnetic field [2] have opened theoretical or simulation
investigation of laser-plasma interaction with external
magnetic field with density close to solid [3,4].
Extensions of these theoretical or numerical estimations
into experiment condition can lead to bulk solid plasma
heating by laser pulse in potential.
The 1 kT magnetic field provides cyclotron resonant
frequency that corresponding to the CO2 laser;
wavelength of 10 m. Therefore, the laser-plasmainteraction with CO2 laser under kT-class magnetic field
can expect experimental investigation of plasma heatingof bulk solid plasma. The purpose of this study is an
estimation of electromagnetic wave propagation andabsorption of CO2 laser pulse (wavelength of 10 m) inplasma with solid density (0.1 g/cc for hydrogen) region
under 10-kT class magnetic field. This estimation is
supposing a tuning polarization of CO2 laser pulse.

plasma in relation to the plasma dispersion relation
described in Eqs. (1-3).

Fig. 1. Schematics of wave propagation
TR=2/(NR+1), TL=2/(NL+1)

(1),

2
1/2
NR={1- (pe/) /(1 ce/)}

(2),

2
1/2
NL={1- (pe/) /(1+ ce/)}(3),

where, TR,L is transmittance of Right-hand or Left-handlaser pulse, NR,L is refractive index of Right-hand or
Left-hand laser pulse, pe/ is electron density
normalized by laser frequency, ce/ is cyclotron
frequency normalized by laser frequency, respectively.

RESULTS
THEORITICAL MODEL
To investigate wave propagation in plasma under
external magnetic field, a simple setup is proposed asshown in Fig. 1. The uniform external magnetic fieldnormalized by cyclotron resonant magnetic field Bext/Bc
is induced in the slab plasma with thickness of laser
wavelength. The induced laser pulse contains linear
polarization combined with both right-hand and left-handcircular polarized waves. The induced laser pulses (linear
polarization: right-hand circular polarization andleft-hand circular polarization) propagate through the  The transmittance of right-hand part increases as afunction of external magnetic field in relation to theplasma density. Figure 2 shows result of Eq. (1,2) as afunction of external magnetic field. Here we consider
right-hand part that provides cyclotron resonance. By
considering CO2 laser with wavelength of 10 m, the19
cut-off density is 1.1x10 n/cc, the cyclotron resonant2
magnetic filed Bc is 1.07 kT, and (pe/) = 2364
corresponds to solid density 0.086 g/cc of hydrogen.
These values are within scope on experiments.

1(wpe/w)2=1(wpe/w)2=10
2(wpe/w) =2364

0.8

TR

0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0.1

1
Bex/Bc10Fig. 2. The transmittance of right-hand wave.
From Fig. 2, the TR depends on normalized electron
density: pe/. Therefore, when the bulk slab density is
confirmed, we can investigate external magnetic fieldfrom this dispersion relation. This relation leads toprobe an external magnetic field in the plasma. By
considering collisions in the slab plasma, we canevaluate more sophisticated dispersion relation that
relevant for the experiments.

ACKNOWLEGEMENTS
We thank Prof. S. Fujioka, THR group of IlE, Osaka
University.
REFERENCES[1] F. F. Chen, Introduction to Plasma Physics andcontrolled Fusion 2nd ed, Springer (1984).
[2] S. Fijioka, et al., Sci. Report,2, 31 (2013).
[3] Y. H. Yang et al., Appl. Phys. Letters 106, 224103(2015).
[4] T. San et al., Phys. Rev. E 96, 043209 (2017).

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INTRODUCTION

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

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950 – 1000 , 30 min ýłgÅ ÀŴ4Qh
c1×Sc?<aF1ÂŵÂ-0Sc?<
aF1¹Ń¹Ů .ŴnŮ ±ŦŮěĞ1ŃŴú­čŏÓŵ
APLF80+Pr3+,Ce3+<aF"¬ćÆ ŴĽāġ¬ěĥëé«ġ¬ěĥÊ"èĨı©ěĥ×
ŋ"Th]a6f BL7B 1čŎy1Ńŵ<aFBfXc1ĘĦJ8fSh [7fOŴ
10-6 Pa {ËÀŴÐ³1ă³ŗ1ŃŵÂ-0c\RHfF1
V36Sh´ CCD ;^a'#Ŭ«¦|ĬçŵAPLF80+Pr3+,Ce3+<aF"Ł² #ŴJIfBV364dhC" 4 |űŒó (217 nm, 150
fs, 1 kHz) 1ŗûĘĦı©FObh?;^aDFM] ,ŉúgŎy1Ńŵ
RESULTS
Fig. 1 APLF80+Pr3+, Ce3+<aF"FY?O
c1ğŵ430 – 500 nm  Pr3+" 4f-4f Šģ¥ Uh? ĝő0ŵ'Ŵ350 nm ,.
*Ěóŧ¤ Ce3+ ,/½*ĝő0ŵFig. 1. Absorption spectrum of APLF80+Pr3+, Ce3+ glass.

APLF80+Pr3+,Ce3+<aF"V:Oc\RHfFF
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Fig. 2 APLF80+Pr3+, Ce3+<aF"N5A6Xe
V36c"ix1ğŵÂ-0N5A6XeV3
6c ±V5KM5f@1ŃŁ²1
īŵ

Fig. 2. Decay curve of Pr3+ luminescence peak at 263 nm
from APLF80+Pr3+, Ce3+ glass under 217 nm excitation.
Fig. 3Ł  ²   CeF3 ť " ũ z 1 ğ  ŵ
APLF80+Pr3+<aF"Ł²# 19 ns /" ±ŴAPLF80+Pr3+, Ce3+<aF# Ce3+þ» ű/ ÁŴĚ /1ğŵÞěĥŒń APLF80+Pr3+, Ce3+ <aF  CeF3 "codoping ť Ú*ű 2 mol%"BfXc Ú*Ě 0.4 ns Â-0ŴűŜÄĪÆļ"j ÈŵFig. 3. Relationship between the decay time and CeF3
content in APLF80+Pr3+, Ce3+ glass.

DISCUSSION APLF80 <aF PhX Pr3+"ı©Łóŧ¤# Ce3+"ŗóŧ¤ţ/"ŴPr3+ - Ce3+$"9Rc>hģ Č/Í°0/ŵ®ū Ŵ
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APLF80+Pr3+,Ce3+<aF1ŗ/ Pr3+ -"Ł#ňú0 ŴCe3+"(Ł ňú0ŵ" -*ŴPr3+ - Ce3+$"9Rc>hģČ/ Í°0/ŵFObh?;^a6^hE#ŴPr3+ŁïŘ/ Ce3+Ł-"a6GI6] ė±ĔŞ0 ňú0Ŵ"ĵã -* Pr3+ - Ce3+$"9Rc>hģ Č
/ ğ0ŵ  " ,codoping  ã,  Ŵ
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ᗘ⣙䠍ࠥ䠍䠌. 䛾㡿ᇦ䛻䛚䛡䜛㔜Ỉ⣲໬Ỉ⣲ +' 䝥䝻䞊䝤䛾 105㻌 㻌 㻌 ཬ䜃ᅛయ +' ⷧ⭷䛾సᡂ᪉ἲ䠄9,䠅Ᏹὠ࿅㻌 㞝ᙪ㻘୰஭㻌 ග⏨ $㻘㻌 㒆㻌 ⱥ㍤ %㻘㻌 ኴ⏣㻌 ᓅྐ &㻘㻌 ௒㔝㻌 ᕦ '㻘㻌 ஭㢌㻌 㯞Ꮚ (㻘㻌 ⸨ཎ㻌 Ᏺ኱㜰኱Ꮫ᰾≀⌮◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊$ ኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ% ྡྂᒇ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉&ᮾி኱Ꮫ་Ꮫ㒊㝃ᒓ⑓㝔ᨺᑕ⥺㒊' ኱㜰኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔⌮Ꮫ◊✲⛉( ᫂἞Ꮫ㝔኱ᏛἲᏛ㒊

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◊✲┠ⓗ
᰾೫ᴟ '7 ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮᰾⼥ྜ>@ࡢᐇ⌧ྍ⬟ᛶ㏣ồࡢ㸯ࡘࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ7 ᔂቯ⇕ࡢ㈇Ⲵୗ࡛
ᅛయ '7 ࢆ೫ᴟࡉࡏࡿ㐨➽ࢆ᥈ࡿᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ༶ࡕ⇕ఏᑟᛶ⬟ࡀඃࢀࡓ༢⤖ᬗ +'>@࡟ 7 ᔂቯ⇕ࢆ୚࠼ࡓ㝿ࡢ᝿ᐃ ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿ⣙ ࠥ. ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ +ཬࡧ ' ࡢຠ⋡ⓗ᰾೫ᴟἲࡢ㛤Ⓨࡢヨࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᅛయ
+' ࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓᴟప ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈཬࡧ☢ᛶ㘒య࡟ࡼࡾ೫ᴟࡉࡏࡓᴟప +' ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ +105 ᐇ㦂ࢆẁ㝵ⓗ࡟⾜࠸ࠊᡭἲࡢ᭷ຠᛶ୪ࡧ࡟ၥ㢟Ⅼࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟
ࡍࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮↷ᑕྍ⬟࡞↓⫼ቨᅛయ +'ⷧ⭷ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺヨᩱࢆヨసࡍࡿࠋ
◊✲㡯┠࡜௒ᖺᗘࡢᡂᯝ
㸯㸧ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ᵓᡂ㸸ᮏ◊✲ࡢ╔᝿Ⅼࡣࠊ⣙㸯ࠥ. ࡢ㡿ᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ +ࡢຠ⋡ⓗ᰾೫ᴟἲ࡜ࡋ࡚Ỉ⣲྾╔ᛶᙉ☢ᛶ㘒యࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ཬࡧ೫ᴟ ᐃ 105 ࡟ +' ྾╔άᛶⅣࢆ
⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉ ' ࡢ೫ᴟࡣ 5) ἲ>@ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋᙜึ᝿ᐃࡋࡓᐇ㦂⿦⨨ᵓᡂࢆᅗ㸯࡟♧ࡍࠋ
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ᅗ㸯㸬ᮏ◊✲ࡢᙜึࡢィ⏬࡟ಀࡿᐇ㦂⿦⨨ᵓᡂࠋ㸦ᮒ◚⥺ෆࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ㒊ࡣᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁᅗ㸰ཬࡧ㸲࡟ᨵၿ㸧㸰㸧ᅛయ +' ᶍᨃ࣐࢖ࢡࣟࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ 105 ᐇ㦂㸸ᮏ◊✲ࡢึᮇࡢ 105 ᐇ㦂ࡣࠊ᭱ࡶ༢⣧࡞୸Წᆺࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡜ࡑࢀ࡟ᕳ࠸ࡓ 105 ࢥ࢖ࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚Ᏻ
ᐃࡋࡓ SURWRQ + ࡢ 105 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿᐇ㦂ᡭἲ࡜ ᐃ᮲௳ࢆ☜❧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢึᮇࡢ
ᐇ㦂࠿ࡽ෭෾ᶵࡢ㐠㌿ཬࡧ ᗘࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢసືࡀ
105ᐃ࡟኱ࡁ࡞እ஘ࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡇ࡜ࡀุࡾࠊ
105 ࢹ࣮ࢱ᥇ྲྀ୰ࡣࡇࢀࡽࢆ୍᫬ⓗ࡟೵Ṇࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛Ᏻᐃࡋࡓ +105 ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ
ࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ ᐃ᮲௳ࡢゎ᫂ࡣᅛయ +' ࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓ
ኳ↛ⓑࢦ࣒ࡢ +105 ᐃࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ
105 ᐃ⤖ᯝࡣ 105 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢ᣺ᖜཬࡧ఩┦࠿ࡽᗙᶆኚ᥮࡟ࡼࡾ DEVRUSWLRQR ཬࡧ GLVSHUVLRQMࢆ⟬ฟࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟ḟࡢ⌮ㄽᘧࢆࣇ࢕ࢵࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࡋ
࡚ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ್ࢆᚓࡿᡭ㡰࡛࠶ࡾ㸦M͛ࡣMࡢవゅ㸧ࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ್ࡢᗄࡘ࠿ࢆ 7DEOH㸯࡟♧ࡋࡓࠋ

)LWWLQJIRUPXODHWR105DEVRUSWLRQDQGGLVSHUVLRQࡲࡎ 7DEOH ࡢ᭱ึࡢẁ࡟ᐊ ⓑࢦ࣒ࡢ +105ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥ࠿ࡽᚓࡽࢀࡓࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ  ḟ࡟ +' จ⦰ ᗘ㡿ᇦࡢప 105 ᐇ㦂࡟㐍ࡴ
Ⅽ࡟ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ㒊ࡢ᩿⇕㐽ⶸ࡞࡝ࡢᨵၿࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢヲ⣽ࡣ๓ሗࡲ࡛ࡢ୍㐃ࡢሗ࿌᭩࡟㏙࡭࡚࠶ࡿࠋ
7DEOH  ࡢ➨஧ࡢẁࡣᶍᨃࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡢⓑࢦ࣒࡟ 105ࢥ࢖ࣝࢆ┤ᕳࡁࡋ࡚ ᐃࡋࡓᐊ ཬࡧ +' ᾮ໬ ᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ +105 ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ᣺ᖜ A5 ࡢ್࡟ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࢆᴟప ࡟ୗࡆࡓຠᯝࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ

㸱㸧」ᐊᘧࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟ࡼࡿ 105 ᐇ㦂㸸 ึᮇẁ㝵ࡢᐇ㦂࡟ࡼࡾᚓࡽࢀࡓḟࡢၥ㢟ࡣ 105ᐃࡢࡓࡵࡢ෭෾ᶵ▷᫬㛫೵Ṇ࡟ࡼࡿ ᗘ஘ࢀࡀᏳ
ᐃࡋࡓ 105 ᐃࢆᅔ㞴࡟ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢゎỴ⟇ࡣࠊ+' ྾╔⏝άᛶⅣࢆࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟ෆⶶࡋ࡚Ᏻᐃ

ࡋࡓ 105 ᐃࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊḟࡢẁ㝵ࡢ 105 ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟ࡣ +' ೫ᴟ⏝ࡢᙉ☢ᛶ㘒యࠊ105Ᏻᐃ ᐃ⏝ࡢ +' ྾╔άᛶⅣࠊࡉࡽ࡟ཧ⪃ ᐃ 105⏝ࡢᶍᨃࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡜ࡋ࡚ⓑࢦ࣒ࠊ௨ୖ  ✀㢮ࡢヨᩱࢆෆⶶࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋᙜึࡣᅗ㸯࡟♧ࡋࡓዴࡃࠊ
+' ೫ᴟ⏝㘒యࢭࣝࡣ 105 ⏝ࢭࣝ࡜ࡣษࡾ㞳ࡋࡓᵓ㐀࡛ィ⏬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢᵓ㐀ࡢලయ໬࡟ࡣ +' ὶ㊰ࢆᴟప ୗ࡛㐲㝸᧯స࡟ࡼࡾษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿᶵᵓࡀᚲせ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢᅔ㞴࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࢀࡽ  ✀㢮ࡢヨᩱࢆ୍ࡘࡢࢭࣝ࡟୍య໬ࡍࡿᵓ㐀ࢆ⪃࠼ࠊᅗ㸰࡟♧ࡍ」ᐊᘧࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟⮳ࡗࡓࠋࣞࢵࢺࢆ஧㝵ᘓ࡚࡟⿦Ⲵࡋࡓᅗ㸲࡟♧ࡍࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࢭ
ࣝࢆ⤌ࡳ❧࡚ࡓࠋ+ ᖺᗘෆ࡟ᅗ㸲ࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࢭࣝ
࡟ࡼࡿᙉ☢ᛶ㘒య೫ᴟ +' ࡢάᛶⅣ࣌ࣞࢵࢺ྾╔+105 ᐃࢆ⾜࠺࡭ࡃ┠ୗ‽ഛࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ .HO) 〇」ᐊࢭࣝࡢ෭෾ᶵ▷᫬㛫೵Ṇ )105 ᐇ㦂    ᅗ㸰㸬」ᐊᘧ +' ೫ᴟཬࡧ 105ᐃࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ

ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ 105 ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ + ᡂᯝሗ࿌᭩グ㍕ࡢ 3& ࣮࣋ࢫ࣭࣏࣮ࢱࣈࣝ 105 ೫ᴟ ᐃ⿦⨨>@ࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢ 3& ᪉ᘧ࡛ࡣ 105ࢩࣕࢩ࣮ෆࡢ」ᩘࡢࣔࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࢆࢩࣕࢩ࣮እࡢ 3&࠿ࡽไᚚࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟㏿ᗘࡀຎࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛+ ᖺᗘᮎ࡟ࢩࣕࢩ࣮ෆ࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࡵࡿࢥࣥࢺ࣮ࣟࣛ
࣮ࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟⏝ពࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ᪉ᘧ࡟ࡼࡾࢹ࣮ࢱ཰㞟㏿ᗘࡀ௒ࡲ࡛ࡢ⣙  ಸ㏿ࡃ࡞ࡾࠊᚑࡗ࡚▷᫬㛫෭෾ᶵ೵Ṇ࡟ࡼࡿ ᐃࢹ࣮ࢱࡢ 61 ẚࡀ኱ᖜ࡟ᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࠋ

7DEOH ࡢ➨୕ẁ࡟ࡣࠊୖ㏙ࡢ」ᐊᘧࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟ࡼ
ࡿⓑࢦ࣒ࡢᐊ ཬࡧ +' ᾮ໬ ᗘ࡛ࡢ +105 ࢆ
105 ࢩࣕࢩ࣮ෆࢥࣥࢺ࣮࣮ࣟࣛࢆ⏝࠸࡚ ᐃࡋࠊᚓࡽࢀࡓࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ್ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡶ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ᴟప ຠᯝ࡟ࡼࡿ᣺ᖜ A5 ࡢቑ኱ࡀㄆࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ

㸲㸧෌ࡧ༢⟄ᆺࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ࡟ࡼࡿ 105 ᐇ㦂㸸 ḟ࡟ + ᖺᗘࡢヨࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊⓑࢦ࣒ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡢᚲ
せᛶࡣάᛶⅣ྾╔ +' ࡢ 105 ࡜ࡢẚ㍑ᑐ㇟ࡀᙺ๭
࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡶࡋࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࢭࣝࡢቨᮦ㉁ .HO) ࡟ྵࡲࢀࡿ
) ࡢ 105 ᐃࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡽࡤࠊⓑࢦ࣒ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡣᚲ
せࡀ↓ࡃ࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛」ᐊᘧࢭࣝࢆ⏝࠸࡚ .HO) ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࢭࣝቨࡢ )105 ࢆ ᐃࡋࡓࠋᅗ㸱࡟ࡇࡢᐇ㦂᫬ࡢ ᗘࣉࣟࢵࢺࢆ♧ࡍ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ7DEOH ࡢ᭱ୗẁ࡟ࡣᚓࡽࢀࡓ )105 ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋྑ➃ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ m ࡢ್ࡣ㟁☢▼㟁ὶ್ࢆ 105 ࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢ୰ᚰ࿘Ἴᩘ࡛㝖ࡋࡓᩘ್࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㟁☢▼㟁ὶᑐ☢ሙࡢẚ౛㛵ಀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡇࡢᩘ್ࡣ 105 ᰾ࡢ☢Ẽ࣮࣓ࣔࣥࢺ࡟࠾࠾ࡼࡑ཯ẚ౛ࡍࡿ㸦ཝᐦ࡟ࡣ㟁☢▼㟁ὶ್ᑐ☢ሙࡣഹ࠿࡟ᙃ᭤ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸧
ࠋ7DEOH  ࡢ +࡜ ) ࡜ࡢ m ್ࡢẚࡣ᰾☢Ẽ࣮࣓ࣔࣥࢺࡢ㏫ẚ࡟㏆࠸ࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ࡚ࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࡢ .HO) ቨࡢ )105 ࡀ ᐃྍ⬟࡜ุࡗࡓࡢ࡛ࠊ෌ࡧ༢⟄ᆺࣉ࣮ࣟࣈࢭࣝࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡋ࡚ࠊࡇࢀ࡟ᙉ☢ᛶ㘒యཬࡧ +' ྾╔άᛶⅣ࣌    ᅗ㸲㸬༢⟄ᆺ +' ೫ᴟཬࡧ 105ᐃࣉ࣮ࣟࣈ

+ ᖺᗘࡢィ⏬+ ᖺᗘ࡟ࡣࠊ+ ᖺᗘᡂᯝሗ࿌᭩࡟㏙࡭ࡓᨵ㐀ᆺẼ┦ࢭࣝ  ྕ࡟ࡼࡿ↓⫼ቨᅛయ +' ⷧ⭷ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡢヨసࢆ㐍ࡵࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ105 ᐇ㦂ཬࡧ↓⫼ቨᅛయ +' ⷧ⭷సᡂᐇ㦂ඹ࡟ᮏ◊✲ࡢ᭱⤊ᖺᗘ࡜ࡍࡿ
ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
ᮏ◊✲ࡣ኱㜰኱Ꮫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢඹྠ◊✲ %876852 ཬࡧᏛ᣺⛉Ꮫ◊✲ຓᡂ ᣮᡓⓗⴌⱆ◊✲㸦ㄢ㢟␒ྕ .㸧ࡢࡶ࡜࡟ᐇ᪋ࡉ
ࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㛵す⇕໬Ꮫᰴᘧ఍♫ࡼࡾάᛶⅣ࣌ࣞࢵ
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TÁ ²& iÖ§m)³&¢×)ÎEXPERIMENT RESULTS
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EXPERIMENT SETUP YÎ¼ÃQµ&ë¥°¯Û)³
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ACKNOWLEGEMENT(S)¼ÃMázÏËUÀz¼ÃÚÑa
å(s¸¼Ã S, 15H05751)#Î('REFERENCE(S)[1] S. Kar, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 102,055001 (2009).
[2] A.P.L. Robinson and M. Sherlock, Phys, Plasma
14,083105 (2007)ƚÕŔĤĮ

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5. ¥ÈÃ¯0 Ē/ÚĮ.@ŴÛƮ /ä¯È#:. ¦ëǆ-C%¨ďƴǇ.C> KRÄê÷A@ ƇĆ@+ ĹŇ.]kpR/¬A#Ʈ{Į.Ź%ō.0 !;!;Ĺ/ńŁ×-@++.-@6. KRÄê÷A@OrR*0 yï.@ƑưƹyÈ-? ĥŦË/ƆƻĳäD
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ŴÛƮ DćA--@#: ƟƓŇ«ůƔ@t/ÑD7+:#ƍĊ0 Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society Ɗ.­ŀA)@REFERENCES
Balbus S. A., Hawley, J. F., 1991, The AstrophysicalJournal, 376, 214
Gammie C. F., 2001, The Astrophysical Journal Letters,
553, 174
Hawley J. F., Gammie C. F., Balbus S. A., 1995, The
Astrophysical Journal Letters, 440, 742
Shakura N. I., Sunyaev R. A., 1973, Astronomy andAstrophysics, 24, 337
Toomre A., 1964, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 139,
1217



太陽内部熱対流の非局所性に関する考察
政田洋平
愛知教育大学 教育学部理科教育講座
INTRODUCTION
太陽対流層の底と表面には 6 桁以上に及ぶ密度差が存在するため, 対流層には 100Mm のジャイアントセルから, 1000Km サイズの粒状斑まで, 様々なスケール（マルチスケール）の対流渦が混在していると考えられている。これは対流セルのサイズが, 局所的な圧力スケール長に依存して決まるとする「混合距離理論」に基づく描像である（図 1）。

ルの存在を予言するが, 実際にはそれより 2 桁
小さな対流速度しか観測できないと主張する
研究結果も存在する (Hanasoge et al. 2012)。
これらの観測結果は, 対流層深部に対流の駆動スケールが存在しないこと, つまり太陽熱対流が局所的な super-adiabaticity ではなく, 非局所的な太陽表面での冷却によって駆動されている可能性を示唆する (e.g., Spruit 1997;
Cosette & Rast 2016; Nelson et al. 2018)。
冷却によって駆動される熱対流は図 2 のようにプルーム状の形態をとり, 断熱的な大気を「慣性」に従って落ちていく（Brandenburg et al.
2016）。

図 1. 太陽のマルチスケール熱対流描像

このような太陽熱対流のマルチスケール描像
や, その根拠を与える混合距離理論の正しさは,
光球や対流層浅部での対流スペクトルを調べることで, 観測的に検証できると信じられている（Hathaway et al. 2010）。しかし実は, 理論的に期待されるような対流スペクトルは, 観
測では見つけられていないのが現状である。
太陽熱対流における観測と理論の間の不整合の中で, 現在特に問題になっているのは, ジャ
イアントセルの存在が期待される空間スケー
ル [O(100)Mm の波長域近傍] に, その証拠を見つけることができない点である (eg.,Hathaway et al. 2015)。 混合距離理論は光球直下で約 100m/sec の速度を持つジャイアントセ

図 2. 冷却駆動のプルーム熱対流

SETUP & RESULT
対流層のエントロピー分布の違いが表層スペ
クトルに及ぼす影響を定量的に理解するために, MHD 熱対流シミュレーションを使って, 局
所駆動型と非局所駆動型（冷却駆動型）の熱対流モデルの違いを調べた。
図１と 2 の左側の青線は, 両モデルのエント
ロピー分布の概略図である。局所駆動型のモデ
ルは, 対流層全域が対流不安定（エントロピー

勾配が全域で負：polytrope 指数 m=1.4995）
である一方, 冷却駆動型のモデルは, 表層冷却を模擬し, 対流層上部のみが対流不安定（断熱領域は m=1.5, 冷却層は m=1.4995）になるよう設定している。
図 3 は計算の結果得られた, 対流層表面[(a)と(b)]と垂直断面[(c)と(d)]でのエントロピー擾
乱の分布である。冷却駆動型のモデルは, 小さ
な対流セルが支配的であるのに対し, 局所駆動型のモデルは対流層底部の圧力スケール長で特徴づけられるような大きな対流セルが顕著に成長していることがわかる。
垂直断面からは, 対流層全体のプラズマの動きが見てとれる。冷却駆動型のモデルの場合,
表面でエントロピーを失った冷却プルームが対流層深部を貫いて落ちていく。一方、局所駆動型のモデルでは対流層全域が不安定になり,対流混合が起きていることがわかる。

両モデルの, 運動エネルギーと磁気エネルギ
ーのスペクトルを図 4 に示した。冷却駆動のモデルの場合, 確かにジャイアントセル付近にス
ペクトルの盛り上がりは現れず, 観測と整合的になることがわかった。
本研究では MHD 計算を行なっており, 図 4 のように表面磁場のエネルギースペクトルの情報も得られている。両モデルの磁気エネルギー
スペクトルの間の顕著な違いを見出し, 太陽表面観測へフィードバックすることで, 太陽内部熱対流の駆動メカニズムを理解するため足がかりを得ることが次の目標である。
REFERENCE(S)[1] Spruit (1997), MmSAI, 68, 397[2] Hathaway et al. (2015), ApJ,811,105[3] Cosestte & Rast (2016), ApJL,829,L17[4] Nelson et al. (2018), ApJ,859,117

図 3. シミュレーション結果（左が冷却駆動モデル, 右が局所駆動モデル）

図 4. 対流のエネルギースペクトル（左）と磁気エネルギースペクトル（右）࣓৔ʹΑΔྲྀମෆ҆ఆੑͷ཈੍ʹؔ͢Δ‫ڀݚ‬দԬઍതେࡕࢢཱେֶ޻ֶ‫ڀݚ‬Պۙ೥ɼ‫࣓͍ڧ‬৔ͷଘࡏ͕ྲྀମෆ҆ఆੑΛ཈੍͢Δͱ͍͏࣮‫݁ݧ‬Ռ͕ใࠂ͞Ε͍ͯΔ [1]ɽͦͷ཈੍ͷϝΧχζ
ϜΛ஌Δ͜ͱ͸ɼ࣓‫ؾ‬ཚྲྀͷੑ࣭Λ஌Δ͜ͱͱ౳ՁͰ͋
Γɼ֩༥߹ͷ੍‫ޚ‬΍Ӊ஦‫ن‬໛Ͱ‫͜ى‬Δཚྲྀɼྫ͑͹௒৽੕രൃ‫ޙ‬ͷ࢒ཹ෺தʹੜ͡Δཚྲྀͷੑ࣭౳Λ஌Δ্Ͱ
ඇৗʹॏཁͰ͋Δɽి࣓ྲྀମʢMHDʣʹ͓͍ͯɼྲྀମ
ք໘Λ‫ڬ‬ΜͰ଎౓ͱ࣓৔ͷ઀ઢ੒෼ʹ௓ͼ͕͋Δͱɼͦ͜ʹ͸Ӕ౓ͱͱ΋ʹిྲྀ͕༠ಋ͞Εɼք໘্ʹిྲྀ͕ྲྀΕ͍ͯΔΑ͏ͳӔ૚ɼ͢ͳΘͪిྲྀӔ૚ (current-vortex
sheet) ͕‫ܗ‬੒͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕Θ͔͍ͬͯΔɽಛʹɼ࣓৔Λॳ‫ʹظ‬ք໘ʹฏߦʹ͔͚ΔͱɼӔ૚ͷ΋ͭྲྀମͷӡಈΤωϧΪʔ͕࣓৔ͷΤωϧΪʔʹసՇ͞Εɼք໘ۙ๣ʹ‫ڧ‬͍࣓৔͕༠ಋ͞ΕΔͱͱ΋ʹɼέϧϏϯɾϔϧϜϗϧπ
ෆ҆ఆੑ͕཈͑ΒΕΔ͜ͱͳͲ͕ࣔ͞Εͨ [2, 3]ɽ͜ͷΑ͏ͳྲྀମͱ࣓৔ͱͷ૬‫༻࡞ޓ‬͸ిྲྀӔ૚ͱ͍͏֓೦Λ༻͍ͯ͸͡Ίͯ໌Β͔ʹ͞Εͨ΋ͷͰɼMatsuoka ౳ͷ࿦จ [2] Ͱ͸ɼͦͷ਺ֶతϞσϧͷಋग़΍ద༻ൣғɼͦΕΛ༻͍ͨྖҬશମͷ࣓৔ͷ෮‫ؔ͢ʹݩ‬Δৄࡉͳ਺ֶత
ٞ࿦͕ͳ͞Ε͍ͯΔɽຊ‫Ͱڀݚ‬͸ɼ࣓‫ؾ‬ϦώτϚΠϠʔɾϝγϡίϑෆ҆ఆੑʢMHD RMIʣ[4] ͱ࣓‫ؾ‬έϧϏϯɾϔϧϜϗϧπෆ҆ఆੑʢMHD KHIʣͷ̎छͷෆ҆ఆੑʹ͍ͭͯɼ࣓৔͕ք໘‫ܗ‬ঢ়ʹ༩͑ΔӨ‫ڹ‬Λௐ΂ɼ̎ͭͷෆ҆ఆੑͷҧ͍Λൺֱͨ͠ɽ
ࠓɼ଎౓ͱ࣓৔ʹ௓ͼ͕͋ΔΑ͏ͳ̎ͭͷྲྀମʢ̎࣍
‫ݩ‬ʣͷք໘Λߟ͑Δɽ͜ͷͱ͖ɼࢧ഑ํఔࣜ͸ɼ1. ք
໘ x = (x, y) ͷ࣌ؒൃలɼ2. Ӕ૚‫͞ڧ‬ʢք໘Λ‫ڬ‬Μͩ଎౓γΞʔͷେ͖͞ʣͷ࣌ؒൃలɼ3. ࣓৔ B ͷ࣌ؒൃలͷ̏ͭΛ࿈ཱͯ͠ղ͘͜ͱʹΑͬͯಘΒΕΔɽք໘଎౓ dx/dt = (dx/dt, dy/dt) ͸

α̃xθ
dx
=U+
γ,
dt
2sθ

dy
α̃yθ
=V +
γ,
dt
2sθ

ਤ 1: Ξϧϑϕϯ਺ͷҧ͍ʹΑΔք໘ൃలͷҧ͍ʢMHD
2= (a) ∞ (b) 1000 (c) 100 (d) 10
RMIʣɽ͜͜Ͱɼ RA(e) 1 (f) 0.1. Ξτ΢ου਺͸ A = 0.2 Ͱ͋Δɽϥϝʔλɼq ∗ = U − iV ͸ෳૉ଎౓ͰɼPV ͸ओ஋ੵ෼(1)Λද͠ɼԼ෇͖ఴ͑ࣈ θʢք໘ΛύϥϝτϥΠζ͢Δύϥϝʔλʣ͸ͦͷม਺ʹؔ͢Δඍ෼Λද͢ɽ·ͨɼγ ͸Ͱ༩͑ΒΕΔ [5]ɽ͜͜Ͱɼd/dt ͸ɼϥάϥϯδϡඍ෼Ͱ୯Ґ௕͋ͨ͞Γͷ॥‫؀‬Λද͠ɼӔ૚ͷ‫ʹ͞ڧ‬૬౰͢Δɽ͋Δɽฏ‫ۉ‬଎౓ (U, V ) ͸ Biot-Savart ଇ (Birkhoﬀ-RottΦΠϥʔํఔࣜΛม‫͢ܗ‬Δͱɼγ ʹؔ͢Δൃలํఔࣜ


dγ
dU
dV
2A
=
+ yθ
xθ
dt
sθ
dt
dt
(1 + α̃A)γA + α̃ 2−(xθ Uθ + yθ Vθ ) +
(γ )θ
2
sθ
4sθ
1
+
(B · j s )θ ,
(3)
2
RA sθ

ํఔࣜ) [6] ΑΓq ∗ = U − iV =

1
PV
2πi

 ∞

γ(θ )sθ (θ )dθ,−∞ z(θ) − z(θ )(2)ͱॻ͚Δɽ͜͜Ͱ A ≡ (ρ2 − ρ1 )/(ρ1 + ρ2 ) ͸ Atwood
਺ɼα̃ = α̃(A) (|α̃| ≤ 1) ͸ A ͷؔ਺Ͱ͋ΔΑ͏ͳਓ޻ύ

MHD KHI ʹ͍ͭͯx(θ, 0) = θ + a0 sin θ,γ(θ, 0) = 2;y(θ, 0) = −a0 sin θ;

a0 = 0.1,(6)

ͱઃఆ͢Δɽॳ‫ظ‬Ұ༷࣓৔͸ MHD RMIɼMHD KHI ͱ΋ʹ

B j (θ, 0) = eˆx ,(j = 1, 2)(7)Ͱ͋Δɽ͜͜Ͱɼeˆx ͸ x ํ޲ͷ୯ҐϕΫτϧͰ͋Δɽ
ਤ 2 ʹΞϧϑϕϯ਺ RA Λม͑ͨͱ͖ͷ MHD RMI
ʹ͓͚Δք໘‫ܗ‬ঢ়Λࣔͨ͠ɽΞϧϑϕϯ਺ແ‫ݶ‬େ͸௨ৗͷ‫׬‬શྲྀମͷӔ૚ʹରԠ͓ͯ͠Γɼ͜ͷ஋Λখ͘͢͞ΔʹͭΕͯք໘ͷ‫্͕͖ר‬Γ͸཈͑ΒΕɼ΍͕ͯ҆ఆͳৼ2= 0.1 ͸ઢ‫ৼܗ‬ಈͱ۠ผ͕͔ͭ
ಈղ΁ͱҠߦ͢ΔɽRAͳ͍ɽ
ਤ 2 ʹ MHD-RMI ͱ MHD-KHI ʹ͓͚Δ༷ʑͳΞϧϑϕϯ਺ͷք໘ൃలͷҧ͍Λࣔͨ͠ɽಉ͡ RA Ͱ΋ɼ

MHD-KHI ͷํ͕࣓৔ͷӨ‫͕ڹ‬গͳ͍ʢ‫͍ڧ͕͖ר‬ʣ͜ͱ͕Θ͔Δɽ͜Ε͸ɼӔ૚ͱͯ͠ͷྗ͕ KHI ͷํ͕ RMI
ΑΓ‫ͱ͍͜ڧ‬Λද͍ͯ͠Δɽͭ·ΓɼKHI ͸ MHD ʹ͘Β΂ɼ࣓৔͔ΒͷӨ‫ڹ‬Λड͚ʹ͍͘ɽࢀߟจ‫ݙ‬
ਤ 2: MHD RMI (a) - (c) ͱ MHD KHI (d) - (f) ͷք໘2= (a) ͱ (d)ൃలͷҧ͍ɽ͜͜ͰɼΞϧϑϕϯ਺͸ RA∞, (b) ͱ (e) 1000, (c) ͱ (f) 10 ͰɼΞτ΢ου਺͸͢΂ͯ A = 0 ͱઃఆ͞Ε͍ͯΔɽ
͕ಘΒΕΔɽ͜͜ͰɼB ͸̎ͭͷ࣓৔ͷฏ‫ۉ‬, j s ≡22≡ (2B02 /[μ(ρ1 + ρ2 )vlin])−1/2 = vlin /va
B 1 − B 2 , RA͸࣓‫׳ͱྗؾ‬ੑྗͷൺΛද͢ྔͰΞϧϑϕϯ਺ͱ‫ݺ‬͹Ε

Δɽ͜ͷதͰɼ va ͸ Alfvén ଎౓ɼvlin ͸ pure RMI ͷ∗Λ༻ઢ‫ܗ‬੒௕଎౓Ͱɼিܸ೾௨ա‫ޙ‬ͷ଎౓γΞʔ δv1,2

͍ͯ vlin = (ρ1 δv1∗ − ρ2 δv2∗ )/(ρ1 + ρ2 ) ͱॻ͚Δ [7]ɽ·ͨɼ༠ಋํఔࣜΑΓα̃ ∓ 1
dBit
Bt 
γθ 
t
=
γB1,θ
+ i qθt ±
,
dt
2sθ
sθ
2

i = 1 (i = 2) ʹରԠ͍ͯ͠Δʢi = 1 ͸ք໘ͷԼଆʣɽ ํʢඇఔࣜ (1), (2), (3), (4) Λ࿈ཱͤͯ͞ղ͘͜ͱʹΑΓɼҰ༷ʣిྲྀӔ૚ͷඇઢ‫ൃܗ‬లΛ‫ه‬ड़͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɽॳ‫ظ‬৚݅͸ MHD RMI ʹؔͯ͠y(θ, 0) = 0;γ(θ, 0) = −2 sin θ,[2] C. Matsuoka, K. Nishihara and T. Sano, J. Nonlinear Sci. 27, 531 (2017).
[3] C. Matsuoka, K. Nishihara and T. Sano, High Energy Density Phys. 31, 19 (2019).
[4] R. D. Richtmyer, Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 13,
297 (1960); E. E. Meshkov, Sov. Fluid Dyn. 4, 101(1969).
[5] C. Matsuoka and K. Nishihara, Phys. Rev. E 73,
026304 (2006).

(4)tͱ͍͏݁Ռ͕ಘΒΕΔɽ͜͜Ͱ Bi,θ= ∂Bit /∂θ (i = 1, 2),qθt ͸଎౓ͷ઀ઢ੒෼ͷ θ ඍ෼Ͱ্ଆ (Լଆ) ͷූ߸͸ྲྀମx(θ, 0) = θ,[1] O. A. Hurricane et al., Nature 506, 343 (2014).

(5)[6] G. Birkhoﬀ, Proc. Sympo. Appl. Math. XIII, 55(1962); N. Rott, J. Fluid Mech. 1, 111 (1956).
[7] K. Nishihara, J. G. Wouchuk, C. Matsuoka, R.
Ishizaki and V. V. Zhakhovskii, Pilos Trans. Roy.
Soc. A 368, 1769 (2010).

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㉸㧗ᙉᗘ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡜㧗ᐦᗘࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢ┦஫స⏝
田口 俊弘
摂南大学理工学部電気電子工学科
㸯㸬 ᖺᗘࡢඹྠ◊✲ᴫせしかし，本研究の解析により示された，強磁場

2016 年度までの共同研究で見出した強磁場中で印加下でのビーム不安定性に伴う大強度ホィッスの電子ビーム不安定性に伴って起こる電子流のスタ

ラー波の発生は，電子ビームガイドを期待して印加

グネーションは，詳細な研究を進めた結果，非線形した磁場が返って電子ビームのスムーズな流れを阻増幅された大強度ホィッスラー波のポンデラモー

止する結果となることを意味する．もちろん，印加

ティブ力によるものであるとの結論を得た [1]．

磁場の強さや電子ビームと背景プラズマの密度比な

2017 年度から，この大強度ホイッスラー波が背どのパラメータに依存するため，一概にうまくいか

景プラズマに及ぼす影響，特に無衝突衝撃波のようないという結論にはならないが，高速点火への応用

な大きな構造形成や，それがコヒーレントなイオンにおいては，パラメーターの範囲を注意深く検討し加速に発展するかどうかについての解析を，従来用なければならないことを示唆している．しかし，強いていたハイブリッドコードから背景電子やイオン

磁場下での電子ビーム伝播によりホィッスラー波のも粒子として取り扱う粒子コードに拡張することでような電磁波が発生することや，スタグネーション行ったが，粒子の流出入境界と場の量の開放境界をによる大きな電子密度変動が起きることは，宇宙に同時に成立させることが難しく，あまり長時間の計おける問題や高速イオン発生装置開発まで，様々な算をすることができなかった．

方面への応用の可能性が考えられる．

2018 年度は，2017 年度に引き続き，この開放

本研究は，論文 [1] まででは，イオンは静止して境界を持つ粒子コードの改良を行って，無衝突衝撃

いると仮定し，背景電子は流体として取り扱うハイ波の形成とイオン加速の解析を行った．加えて，新ブリッドコードを用いていたが，大強度ホイッス

しい課題として，背景プラズマに衝突項がある場合

ラー波発生に伴う背景プラズマ中での衝撃波のようの電子ビーム伝播解析を行い，これまで行ってきたな大規模構造形成からイオン加速までを解析するた

無衝突プラズマでのシミュレーション結果との比較

めには，単に流体としてのイオンの集団運動をコーを行った．

ドに加えるだけでは不十分であり，イオンの速度分布に応じた解析，運動論効果が必要になる．このた㸰㸬㛤ᨺቃ⏺᮲௳ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ㟁Ꮚࣅ࣮࣒ఏ᧛ゎᯒ⏝⢏Ꮚࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜࢖࢜ࣥຍ㏿ࡢゎᯒめ，イオン運動も粒子化したフル粒子コードが必要となるが，電子ビーム伝播問題を解析するための粒

本研究は，最近その有効性が確かめられている

子コードには粒子の流出入を自由に行える開放境界

磁場印加型の高速点火核融合における電子ビーム伝

条件が必要である．これまで用いてきたハイブリッ

播解析から始まっている．高速点火型レーザー核融

ドコードは，ビーム電子のみを粒子として取り扱っ

合とは，超高強度レーザー照射により発生した高速ていたため，その境界における影響は限定的で，電電子が，圧縮された燃料コアを追加熱して燃焼を促

子の流出入による場への影響は小さく，境界付近ですというスキームであるが，この電子ビームを強磁の流体場や電磁場に簡単な減衰領域を設けて揺動の場印加することでガイドしながら燃料コアに到達さ

過度な増大を抑えるだけで十分であった．

せることで，到達率を上げて燃焼効率を向上させよ

しかし，背景プラズマも粒子として取り扱うにうとするものである．最近の実験結果によれば，磁は，粒子コードにおける開放境界条件の導入が必要

場を印加しない場合に比べて磁場を印加した方が中となる．そこで，2017 年度にはオーロラ発生の起性子の発生量が上がることが確認されている．

源である電子ビームの突入によるダブルレイヤを解0.14析するための開放境界粒子コードを参考にして，背景イオンと背景電子も開放境界条件とした粒子コー

0.12ドを開発し，解析を行ったが，粒子の流出入に伴う引き続き様々な抑制方法を試みて，ある程度までは抑えられることが確認できたが，ビーム密度が高くて不安定性の成長率が速い場合には，境界付近での大きな密度変動を完全に抑えきれず，大きな構造形
成を長時間持続するには至らなかった．この問題解
決のため，
引き続きコードの改良を行う予定である．

0.10

Maximum Growth Rate

不安定性が思うように抑制できなかった．今年度も

0.08

0.06

0.04
Fluid model (No Magnetic Field)
c/ pe = 0c/ pe = 0.1
c/ pe = 0.2
c/ pe = 0.3

0.02

0.00
0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

Collision Frequency

㸱㸬᢬ᢠᛶ࣡࢖࣋ࣝ୙Ᏻᐃᛶࡢゎᯒ
上記のように，強磁場下では電子ビーム不安定

図１．ハイブリッドコード解析により得られた抵抗性ワイベル不安定性の最大成長率

性に伴って，大強度のホィッスラー波が発生して，抗の効果を入れた流体解析でも裏付けられている．

電子ビーム流が停滞することがわかったが，実際のそこで今年度は，流体として取り扱っている背景電実験では高速点火核融合での磁場ガイド効果が有効

子の運動方程式に衝突項を導入したハイブリッド

で，燃焼率の向上が報告されている．本研究での解コードを用いて，ワイベル不安定性の成長の様子か

析と実際の実験を比較したときの一つの問題は，背ら増幅率を計算した．結果を図１に示す．ここで，景プラズマの密度である．これまでの研究では，ビービームと背景電子の温度は共に 1keV とし，ビームム電子密度と背景プラズマ密度の比を 10% として

電子と背景電子密度の比は 2% である．図１には，

いて，ビーム電子密度が比較的高い．これに対し，

簡単のために背景電子密度のプラズマ周波数（t pe）

高速点火核融合では，金コーンのような密度の高いで規格化した衝突周波数を一つのパラメータとして領域を電子ビームが通り抜けていくため，密度比が変化させ，フーリエ変換したモード解析から得られ小さい解析が必要となる．

た最も成長が速いモードの成長率を示している．

ところが，背景プラズマの密度が上がると別の

図１で，●で示したモードは計算の初期から成問題が出てくる．背景プラズマ中での衝突効果で長する線形成長モードであり，■で示したモードはある．背景プラズマが金のような高 Z 物質の場合，ある程度時間が経過してから成長する２次成長モー

イオンによる背景電子の散乱が大きくなって無視でドである．図１よりわかるように，
外部磁場の値（規

きなくなる．そこで今年度は，新たに背景電子の運格化値 t c/t pe）が大きくなるほど成長率が下がる

動に衝突項を加えた高速電子伝播解析を行った．

ことがわかる．また，抵抗の効果は２次成長に対し衝突項を導入したときの重要な課題の一つは，て顕著であり，抵抗の存在により，様々な非線形効

背景プラズマに電気抵抗が存在するために，「抵抗果が抑制されることがわかる．加えて磁場を印加す性」ワイベル不安定性が起こることである．ワイベ

れば，さらに不安定モードを抑えることができるこ

ル不安定性とは，ビームの進行方向に垂直な電磁場ともわかる．

が成長する横方向の２流体不安定性のことである

この他，電子ビーム入射型のハイブリッドコー

が，衝突がある方が成長率が増大することがわかっ

ドを用いて衝突項を含めたビーム伝播解析を行い，ている．例えば，流体解析で得られた成長率と，運磁場を加えることでワイベル不安定性も含めた２流動論効果を入れて得られた成長率を比較すると，運体不安定性が完全に抑制されることなどを確認した

動論効果を入れた方がランダウ減衰の効果で成長率が，２次不安定性の成長や抑制のメカニズムなどもが高い．これはシミュレーションでも確認されてい含め，より詳しい解析は今後の課題である．

る．背景プラズマに衝突項を導入することは，成長[1] T. Taguchi, T. M. Antonsen, Jr. and K. Mima,率増大の効果を陽に加えることになるが，これは抵

J. Plasma Phys., 83, 905830204, (2017).

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ᵝࠎ࡞㠀⥺ᙧ┦஫స⏝ࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࠋࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡶㄏ
ᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘࡟㛵ࡍࡿᐇ㦂ࡣ  ᖺ௦ࡢ๓༙
࡟ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊࡑࢀ௨㝆ࡶఱᗘ࠿ᐇ㦂ࡢሗ࿌ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᡃࠎࡀὀ┠ࡍࡿࠕㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡉࢀࡓ
ᩓ஘ගࡢ᣺ࡿ⯙࠸ࠖࢆㄪ࡭ࡓ◊✲ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㦂⤖ᯝࡣᐃᛶⓗ࡞ㄝ᫂࡟␃ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ>@ࠋከࡃࡢ㠀⥺ᙧ┦஫స⏝࠿ࡽㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡀᢤࡁฟࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛ࠊゎᾘࡍࡿ࡭ࡁ␲ၥࡀ࠶ࡿࠋㄏᑟࢥ
ࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᐇ㦂ࡢྍ⬟ᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡋࠊㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ගࡢ㠀⥺ᙧⓎᒎࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࠋ

௦⾲⪅ࡽࡢ㐣ཤࡢ◊✲࡛ㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡢ
㠀⥺ᙧẁ㝵࡛ぢࡽࢀࡿࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢኚ໬ࢆᢅࡗࡓ
>@ࠋࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ>@ࡢ᪉ἲࢆᣑᙇࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛
᭱㏆ࡢᐇ㦂ᐊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝࠸࡚࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿ࠿ࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓࠋ≉࡟ࠊ฼⏝ྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡑࢀࡽࢆㄪ࡭࡚ࠊண᝿ࡉࢀࡿࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ
ࣝࢆィ⟬ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢෆᐜࡣ⌧ᅾㄽᩥ࡟ࡲ࡜ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ  ᐇ㦂ᐊ࡛ࡢㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᐇ㦂ࡢᴫᛕᅗࠋ࢞
࢘ࢫࣅ࣮࣒ࡢࣞ࢖࣮ࣜ㡿ᇦ࡛ࠊᩓ஘య࡜࡞ࡿࣉࣛࢬ
࣐୰ࡢ㟁Ꮚ࡜┦஫స⏝ࡍࡿࠋᅗ  ࡢࡼ࠺࡟࢞࢘ࢫࣅ࣮࣒ࡢࣞ࢖࣮ࣜ㡿ᇦ࡛ࡢㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠋධᑕගࡢ࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮
E ୰ᚰἼ㛗Ȣ ࣂࣥࢻᖜǼȢ ࣃࣝࢫᖜǼt ࢙࢘
ࢫࢺᖜ w ࢆ฼⏝ྍ⬟ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡲ
࡜ࡵࡓࡢࡀ⾲  ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛ
ࢱࡢ㐪࠸࡟ࡼࡾࠊ
࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ 㟁Ꮚᐦᗘ nH ࡜ᗘ TH ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥࡀ௚ࡢ㠀⥺ᙧ┦஫స⏝࡟ᑐࡋ࡚༟㉺ࡍࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ
ࡿࠋ

⾲ 
ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ
࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮>-@୰ᚰἼ㛗>QP@ࣂࣥࢻᖜ>QP@ࣃࣝࢫᖜ>IV@ࢫ࣏ࢵࢺᚄ>XP@-.$5(13







1&87:






/)(;






ㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥࡢ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ᐇ㦂ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࢆ㆟ㄽࡍࡿࡢ࡟ᚲせ࡞࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ㸸-.$5(13 㛵
すග⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ >@ࠊ1&87: ྎ‴ᅜ❧୰ኸ኱
Ꮫ >@ࠊ/)(; ኱㜰኱Ꮫ >@ࠋ

,QWHQVLW\,>:FPQPVWU@

ࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࢆほࡓࠋ⤖ㄽ࡜௒ᚋࡢⓎᒎ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࣉࣛ
ࢬ࣐ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ⠊ᅖࡣఱ᱆ࡶኚືࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿
ࡿࠋୖグձ̾մࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ᮲௳ࡣࠊ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣓ࣛ
࣮ࢱ࡜」㞧࡟⤡ࡳྜࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵ࡟୍ᴫ࡟ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࡀࠊ⌧≧࡛ࡣ኱ᆺࡢ኱࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡼࡾࡶࠊ
㧗ᙉᗘ▷ࣃࣝࢫ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡀㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡢᐇ
㦂࡟㐺ࡋࡓ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ
ࡓࠋᖜᗈ࠸࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱࡢ㡿ᇦ࡛ᬑ㐢ⓗ࡟ㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ⯆࿡῝࠸ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ⃭ග ;,, ࡸ /)(; ࡜࠸ࡗࡓࣁ࢖ࣃ࣮࣮࣡ࣞࢨ࣮ࢆ㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢭࢵࢺ࢔
ࢵࣉࡀ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ⌮ㄽⓗ࡟ᶍ⣴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆḟᖺᗘࡢඹྠ฼⏝࣭ඹྠ◊✲ࡢෆᐜ࡟ࡋࡼ࠺࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ୍ ᪉ ࠊ ㄏ ᑟ ࢥ ࣥ ࣉ ࢺ ࣥ ᐇ 㦂 ࢆ ḟ ᖺ ᗘ ࡢ -.$5(13 ᐇ㦂࡟⏦ㄳ୰࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠺ࡲࡃࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࣃ
࣓࣮ࣛࢱࢆㄪᩚࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡢ
ᛶ㉁ࡀୡ⏺࡛ึࡵ࡚ᐇドࡉࢀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᩓ஘
ගࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆィ ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿィ ჾࡶ➇தⓗ㈨㔠 㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࢔࣮࣮ࣜ࢖࣮ࢢࣝ◊✲ᨭ᥼ไᗘ ࡛ࡍ࡛࡟㉎ධ῭ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ










:DYHOHQJWK¢ >QP@ᅗ  ྎ‴ࡢᅜ❧୰ኸ኱Ꮫ࡟࠶ࡿ 1&87: ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ண᝿ࡉࢀࡿㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉ
ࢺࣥᩓ஘ගࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࠋ㯮Ⅼ⥺ࡀึᮇࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺ
࡛ࣝࠊ㉥⥺ࡀᐦᗘ FP ࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟↷ᑕࡋࡓሙྜࡢᩓ஘ගࠊ㟷⥺ࡀᐦᗘ FP ࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟↷ᑕࡋࡓሙྜࡢᩓ஘ගࠋᅗ  ࡛ࡣࠊࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀ࢞࢘ࢫศᕸࢆࡋࡓ࢞࢘
ࢫࣅ࣮࣒ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ 㯮Ⅼ⥺ ࠋ࢞࢘ࢫࣅ࣮࣒ࡢࣞ࢖ࣜ
࣮㡿ᇦ࡟ᩓ஘యࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚ࠊࡑࡢ 㟁Ꮚ ᐦᗘࡀ
FP ࡢ᫬ࡀ㉥⥺ࠊFP ࡢ᫬ࡀ㟷⥺ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᩓ
஘ගࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡜࡞ࡿࠋㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡣᩓ஘
㐣⛬࡞ࡢ࡛ගᏊᩘࡣಖᏑࡍࡿࡀࠊࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥ㐣⛬࡟ࡼࡾ㟁Ꮚ࡟࢚ࢿࣝࢠ࣮ࢆΏࡍࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟㛗Ἴ㛗ഃ࡟ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡀኚᙧࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࠋᩓ஘ࡀ༑ศ㉳ࡇࡗࡓ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿ㟷ኴ⥺ࡢࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡣㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ
஘࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⥺ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࢆ」ᩘక࠺≉ᚩⓗ࡞ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗ  ࡛ࡣㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡀ༟㉺ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞
≧ἣࡀᬯ࡟௬ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏᖺᗘࡢ◊✲࡛ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣ࡛ࠊㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡀ௚ࡢ 㠀⥺ᙧࣉࣛࢬ࣐㐣⛬࡟ẚ࡭࡚༟㉺ࡍࡿࡢ࠿ࢆㄪ࡭ࡓࠋ࣮ࣞ
ࢨ࣮ࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᐇ㦂⿦⨨ࡈ࡜࡟Ỵࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡓࡵࠊᡃࠎࡀㄪᩚ࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡣࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࡢᐦᗘ࡜ ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࠋḟࡢᅄࡘࡢ᮲௳࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪ࡭ࡓࠋձ ㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡀ㉳ࡇࡿࠋղ 'HE\H 㛗ࡀ୰ᚰἼ㛗ࡼࡾ㛗࠸ࠋճ ࣂࣥࢻᖜࡀࣉࣛࢬ࣐᣺ືᩘࡼࡾࡶ㛗࠸ࠋմ ࣂࣥࢻᖜࡀㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘࡟≉ᚩⓗ࡞⥺ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡼࡾࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋձࡣᅗ  ࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢫ࣌ࢡࢺࣝࡢኚᙧࡀ☜ ㄆ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࠿ ࡝ ࠺ ࠿ ࡢ ᮲௳ ࠋ ղ ࡣ QRQFROOHFWLYH
VFDWWHULQJ ࡟࡞ࡿࡓࡵࡢ᮲௳ࠋճࡣㄏᑟ࣐ࣛࣥᩓ஘ࡀ
༟㉺ࡋ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࡢ᮲௳>@ࠋմࡣ>@࡛ᑟฟࡋࡓ᪉⛬ᘧࡢ㐺⏝㝈⏺࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᮲௳࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

⤖ᯝ-.$5(13 ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚ ᗘ THaNH9 ࡢࣉࣛ ࢬ ࣐ ࡟ᑐ ࡋ࡚ ࠊ  㟁 Ꮚ ᩘᐦ ᗘ >FP@  nH >FP@ࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘
ࡀ༟㉺ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ1&87: ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㟁Ꮚ ᗘ TH a NH9 ࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ 㟁Ꮚᩘᐦᗘ >FF@ nH>FF@ࡢࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡛࠶ࢀࡤࠊ
ㄏᑟࢥࣥࣉࢺࣥᩓ஘ࡀ༟㉺ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ/)(;࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊᅗ  ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᐇ㦂࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊㄏᑟࢥࣥ

ࡍࡿࡢࡣᅔ㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࢃ࠿ࡗ

$&.12:/(*(0(17 6 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ୍㒊ࡣࠊ㟷ᒣᏛ㝔኱Ꮫ࢔࣮࣮ࣜ࢖࣮ࢢ
ࣝ◊✲ᨭ᥼ไᗘࡢᨭ᥼࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ
5()(5(1&( 6 >@0HOURVH'%Rev. Mod. Plasma, Phys.  >@ ⏣୰࿘ኴࠊኳᩥ᭶ሗࠊ ᖺ  ᕳ  ྕ
>@7DQDND6- 7DNDKDUD)Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys.
(  >@'HFURLVHWWH03H\UDXG- 3LDU*Phys. Rev. A  >@7DQDND6-$VDQR. 7HUDVDZD7Prog. Theor.
Exp. Phys.(  >@.LUL\DPD+HWDOOpt. Lett.  >@+XQJ76HWDO Appl. Phys. B: Lasers and Optics
  >@ .DZDQDND - HW DO Journal of Physics Conference
Series  >@$ULNDZD<HWDOAppl. Opt.  >@*DOHHY$$ 6\XQ\DHY5$Soviet Phys. JETP  

レーザー生成プラズマからのテラヘルツ波発生
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wÏ{tvtvÔv°´³_¶`v~

10
8

(a)

6.4 THz

2.2 THz

5.0 THz3

6

7.9 THz

2

4

1

2
00

cBz (× 105 V/m)544|(∇n)y | (× 1015 cm−3/μm)

Plasma Frequency (THz),²Þ 1 THz Ì]Ø±¢ 5~15k ++')Ül¢* 1.8 THz Ì]Ø±¢5~10k (Ül¢* 2.2
THz Ì] 3~7Ül¢*
k LO5OUËÌ zÛºº*Þ
FHLO6INºzÛ(+*º,Ç *ºÞSzÛÅ¥i½ 1 THz TPXl¢Úo¨Ä,¿Ry*Þ

10

(b)

20
y (μm)

1.8 THz

400

30
6.6 THz

4.7 THz3

7.8 THz

2
1
00

2

4
6
Frequency (THz)810

Fig.1 : Relationship between theplasma frequency at a steep density
gradient and radiation frequency.

6.0

Amplitude (×10−3 T)

4.0
Frequency (THz) ÜÉ¯=K7LO5O,27QÖ`*')AJ8E ª + (Ø±¢ ¬ª*Þ¬ª*Ø±¢l¢:JBK9Úo)kLO5OUk, 0  *¨yÃ,&¬ª(Ö`§,Ù§
*4ON©)Ül¢¬ªÃXl¢t* ,¨*Þ
LO5O=K7DN;MGO:/@c'
LO5OÎÆÈ +*ØuAJ8E¢LO
5O¾Êpm ++VdØ£ Ø±¢¦*ÞLO5O¾Êpl¢AJ8El¢· Ýº­Ø±¢l¢A
J8El¢·Þª +*AJ8EÝµÓ­216.NnLO5O')ª +*k|a,AJ8E*Þk|a,AJ8E( +*Ø±¢Ý
Ø u |   r f  ® x   * ¨  Ò L  skin>>L *%ÝAJ8EQ
depth =c /pµÓ­¤À(Í+AJ8EsÎ"U* i½*ÞÝ p AJ8El¢*Þ$Ý|eÐ t #¨Ò L *ÝLO5OªAJ8E(Ø±¢µÓa,LO5OØ×'*k|eÐ ÑÁ*Þl¢k
AJ8E|¡y +*ÝtAJ8El¢
')&Xl¢Ø±¢  +*Þ
¾ÊpQdLO5OUkd*¬ª*Ø±¢kk* ¾Êpka&%Ø±¢¬ªk&+Vrf*Þ
AJ8E(Ø±¢Ä 2^¹u6FHLO6IN,«*Þ 2.7×1016 W/cm2Ý=K7
120 fsÝ¢Ò 800 nmÝÖ` 40 1mÝz [`,
216.NLO5O
x kU*Þ
N2 27,Y«ÝtAJ8El¢ 8.2 THz
*Þ Fig.1 (a) AJ8El¢ (solid line) h! y k|eÐt(dotted line)  y kAM?-0K,²ÞË y kW¼,²Ý»Ë
\ AJ8El¢ (THz)Ýj\Øu|eÐt,²ÞLO5OkµÓa,%ÝAJ8El¢k}|a,Þ$ÕqbØ× N2 27
t 4 Z$Ø×*ÞkZrf*W¼|rf ªÝ|eÐ4 ¸ +*Þ$ÝØu|eÐW¼}
*AJ8El¢++ 1.8, 4.7, 6.6, 7.8 THz
*Þ
Fig.1 (b) Ö`§(g 200 m, Ã 20° 
N2 27QÂ¥Ø±¢ cBz l¢7C
3<K,²ÞËl¢ (THz) ,²Ý»Ë
 7C3<K (V/m) ,²ÞØ±¢l¢tAJ8El¢ 8.2 THz ')&X 4
>O3,Ý>O3l¢++ 2.2, 5.0,
6.4, 7.9 THz *Þ +(>O3l¢ Fig.1(a) |eÐW¼AJ8El¢}*ÞFig. 2 Ø±¢l¢7C3<KÃa

3.0

4.0

2.0
2.0

1.0
0.0

0.00 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Angle (degree)

Fig.2 : Contour plot of radiation
spectral intensity as a function of angle andfrequency.

࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉࣛࢬ࣐⛉Ꮫࡢࡓࡵࡢ᭱ඛ➃ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ
ඹྠ㛤Ⓨ࣭ඹ⏝࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲఍ᗈᓥ኱Ꮫ ᇛ㷂 ▱⮳⫼ᬒ࣭┠ⓗ
࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉࣛࢬ࣐≀⌮◊✲ࡢ㐍ᒎ࡟క࠸㸪⌮ㄽ࣭ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥゎᯒ࡛⪃៖ࡍ࡭ࡁ≀⌮ࣔࢹࣝࡣከᵝ໬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ᐇ㦂࡟࠾ࡅࡿ✵㛫࣭᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ࡜ᐇ㝿࡟ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥྍ⬟࡞ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢࢠࣕࢵࣉࢆᇙࡵࡿࡓࡵࡢከ㝵ᒙ໬㸪ከࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ࡟ᣑᙇࡋࡓࢥ࣮ࢻ࡛ࡢゎᯒࡀᚲせ࡞ሙྜࡶከ
ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬୍᪉࡛㸪ࡇࡢศ㔝࡟ᦠࢃࡿ◊✲⪅ேཱྀࡣᑡ࡞࠸ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪㡿ᇦᶓ᩿ࡋࡓ⌮ㄽ࣭ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ◊✲⪅ࡢ⧅ࡀࡾࡣ㸪㠀ᖖ࡟㝈ᐃⓗ࡛࠶ࡗࡓ㸬௨ୖࡢ≧ἣࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼㸪㛵㐃◊✲⪅ࡀ
ಶࠎ࡟᪑㈝ࢆᕤ㠃ࡋ࡚ཧຍࡍࡿ࣎ࣛࣥࢸ࢕࢔ᙧᘧࡢ఍ྜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊᮏ◊✲఍ࡣᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘ࡟ࢫࢱ࣮
ࢺࡋࡓ㸬ࡑࡢᚋࠊࡇࡢศ㔝ࡢᑗ᮶ᛶ㸪ࢯࢧ࢚ࢸ࢕ࡢᗈࡀࡾࢆ⪃࠼㸪ࡉࡽ࡟Ⓨᒎࡉࡏ࡚㸪ᗈࡃཧຍ⪅ࢆເࡾ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊ࡢ࣮ࣘࢨ࣮఍ࡢάື࡜㐃ᦠࡉࡏ࡞ࡀࡽάືࢆάⓎ໬ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸
࡜⪃࠼㸪+ ᖺᗘ࠿ࡽ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚◊✲఍ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ㸪ከࡃࡢཧຍ⪅ࡀ㞟ࡲࡾ㸪άⓎ࡞㆟ㄽࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪ࡇࡢ୰࠿ࡽಶูࡢඹྠ◊✲࡬ࡢ㐍ᒎࡶࡳࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ௨ୖࡢ≧ἣࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼㸪࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉࣛࢬ࣐࡟㛵ࡍࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ◊✲⪅ࡀ୍ᇽ࡟఍ࡋࠊ᭱᪂ࡢ
◊✲ᡂᯝࡸᩘ್ィ⟬ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽ࣭᝟ሗ஺᥮ࡀ⾜࠼ࡿሙࢆタࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࡼࡾ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮ࣉ
ࣛࢬ࣐ࡢࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ◊✲ࡢάᛶ໬ࢆᅗࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪+ ᖺᗘࡶ⥅⥆⏦ㄳࡋ㸪◊✲఍ࢆ㛤ദࡋࡓ㸬ලయⓗ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪㛵㐃◊✲⪅ࡢ᝟ሗඹ᭷㸪ඹྠ㛤Ⓨ㸪ࢥ࣮ࢻඹ⏝㸪ඹྠ◊✲ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚㸪◊✲ᡂᯝࢆୖࡆࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬+ ᖺᗘ◊✲఍ࡢᴫせ㛤ദ᫬ᮇ࣭ሙᡤ㸸ᖹᡂ  ᖺ  ᭶  ᪥㸪㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊◊✲Ჷ኱఍㆟ᐊ࡛㛤ദཧຍ⪅⥲ᩘ㸸 ྡ௨ୖ㸦࠺ࡕ࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊እ  ྡ㸧㸪Ⓨ⾲௳ᩘ㸸 ௳ᮏᖺᗘ䛿䚸┦ᑐㄽⓗ㉸㧗ᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬┦஫స⏝㛵㐃  ௳䚸㍽ᑕὶయ㛵㐃  ௳䚸ᩘ್ゎἲ ௳䚸䝕䜱䞊䝥䝷䞊䝙䞁䜾  ௳䚸䝺䞊䝄䞊䝤䝺䜲䜽䝎䜴䞁㏆ഐ䛾పᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛸ᅛయ≀㉁䛸䛾┦஫స⏝ ௳䛾Ⓨ⾲䛜⾜䜟䜜䛯䠊◊✲఍ෑ㢌䛾༓ᚨᩍᤵ 㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊ Ⓨ⾲䛷䛿䚸༓ᚨᩍᤵ䛜㛤Ⓨ䛧䚸┦ᑐㄽ䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬┦஫స⏝䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻ᗈ䛟⏝䛔䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛┦ᑐㄽ㟁☢⢏Ꮚ䝁䞊䝗 SLFOV 3,& FRGH 䛾㛤Ⓨ≧ἣ䛾ㄝ᫂ᚋ䚸≀⌮䝰䝕䝹䜔䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䛻ᑐ䛩䜛せᮃ䜢◊✲఍ཧຍ⪅䛻ၥ䛔䚸௒ᚋᚲせ䛸䛺䜛㛤Ⓨ㡯┠䛾䝸䝇䝖䜰䝑䝥䛜⾜䜟䜜䛯䠊ᮏ఍䛾┠ⓗ䛷䛒䜛䛂䝁䞊䝗䛾ඹྠ㛤Ⓨ䞉ඹ⏝䛃䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸䝁䜰䝁䞊䝗㛤Ⓨ⪅䛜୺య䛸䛺䜚䚸฼⏝⪅䛾せᮃ䜢ྲྀ䜚ධ䜜㛤Ⓨィ⏬䜢❧䛶䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛿㔜せ䛷䛒䜚䚸௚䛾䝁䞊䝗䜒ྵ䜑䚸௒ᚋ䜒ᮏ఍䛻䛚䛔䛶⥅⥆ⓗ䛻㐍䜑䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛜ᮃ䜎䜜䜛䠊᫖ᖺᗘ䛻⥆䛝䚸⏘⥲◊ ຍ⸨◊✲ဨ Ⓨ᱌䛾పᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛸≀㉁┦஫స⏝䛻㛵䛩䜛䝉䝑䝅䝵䞁䜢タ䛡䛯䠊䝉䝑䝅䝵䞁ෑ㢌䛾ᑟධ䛸䛧䛶䚸ຍ⸨◊✲ဨ䜘䜚䝺䞊䝄䞊፹㉁䛾䜘䛖䛺ᅛయ≀㉁୰䛷䛾䝤䝺䞊䜽䝎䜴䞁䛛䜙ගᏛⓗᦆയ䛻⮳䜛⌧㇟䛾ゎ᫂䜔Ẽయ୰䛷䛾䝤䝺䞊䜽䝎䜴䞁⌧㇟䛾ゎ᫂䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛯⌮ㄽ䞉䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁◊✲䛾㔜せᛶ䞉⌧ἣ䛜ሗ࿌䛥䜜䛯䠊⥆䛔䛶䛾ᒱ㜧኱ ᑠ㔝ຓᩍ䛛䜙䛿䚸ຍᕤ➼䛷⏝䛔䜙䜜䜛పᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛸ᅛయ≀㉁䛾┦஫స⏝䛷䛾㟁Ꮚဨ䝣䜷䝜䞁⣔䛾䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊⦆࿴㐣⛬䛻䛚䛡䜛㠀ᖹ⾮ᛶ䛻╔┠䛧䛯◊✲⤖ᯝ䛜ሗ࿌䛥䜜䛯䠊╔┠䛧䛶䛔䜛⌧㇟䛸䛭䜜䛻㛵䛩䜛᪤ ◊✲䛾⤂௓䜢⤒䛶䚸%ROW]DPP ᪉⛬ᘧ䜢⏝䛔䛯㠀ᖹ⾮㟁Ꮚʊ䝣䜷䝜䞁ศᕸ䛾᫬㛫Ⓨᒎィ⟬䛻ᇶ䛵䛔䛯⦆࿴㐣⛬䛾ゎᯒ⤖ᯝ䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䠊᪤ 䛾◊✲䛷䛿㟁Ꮚ⣔䜔䝣䜷䝜䞁⣔䛻ᑐ䛧䛶ᖹ⾮ศᕸ䜢௬ᐃ䛧䛯  ᗘ䝰䝕䝹䛻䜘䜛⦆࿴ィ⟬䛜୺య䛷䛒䜚䚸䛣䛾ィ⟬⤖ᯝ䛛䜙㟁Ꮚʊ䝣䜷䝜䞁⤖ྜᐃᩘ䛜ồ䜑䜙䜜䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䛾  ᗘ䝰䝕䝹䛻䜘䜛⤖ᯝ䛸㠀ᖹ⾮ᛶ䜢⪃៖䛧
䛯 %RWO]PDQQ ィ⟬⤖ᯝ䜢ẚ㍑䛩䜛䛸䚸 ᗘ䝰䝹䛾᪉䛜䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊⦆࿴㏿ᗘ䜢㐣኱䛻ホ౯䛧䚸䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䚸⤖ྜಀᩘ䜢㐣ᑠホ౯䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䠊䝝䜲䝟䝽䞊䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬┦஫స⏝ศ㔝䛷䜒䚸㧗䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊㟁Ꮚ䞉䜲䜸䞁⏕ᡂ➼䛻䜘䜚ᖹ⾮ศᕸ䛛䜙䛾䛪䜜䛜㔜せ䛸䛺䜚䚸㐠ືㄽⓗᢅ䛔䛜ᚲせ䛸䛺䜛⌧㇟䛜ከ䛟䛒䜛䠊ᢅ䛖⌧㇟䛿␗䛺䜛䛜䝇䜻䞊䝮ⓗ䛻䛿ඹ㏻䛩䜛㒊ศ䜒ከ䛟䚸⯆࿡῝䛔Ⓨ⾲䛷䛒䛳䛯䠊䛯䛰䛧䚸䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊✵㛫䛾䜏䜢ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛳䛯ィ⟬䛷䛒䜚䚸ᐇ✵㛫౫Ꮡᛶ䜢⪃៖䛧䛶ゎ䛟䛣䛸䛿ィ⟬㈇Ⲵ䛜኱䛝䛟䚸⌧≧䛷䛿䛷䛝䛶䛺䛔䛸䛾䛣䛸䛷䛒䜛䠊䛣䛾Ⅼ䛿䝝䜲䝟䝽䞊䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬┦஫స⏝䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷䜒ྠᵝ䛾ㄢ㢟䛷䛒䜚䚸⢭ᗘ䜢ಖ䛳䛯䜎䜎㏆ఝ䝰䝕䝹䜢ᑟධ䛧ィ⟬㈇Ⲵ䜢๐ῶ䛧䛶䛔䛟䝇䜻䞊䝮䛾㛤Ⓨ䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䠊䜎䛯䚸䝟䞊䝁䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝰䝕䝹䛻䜘䜛ගᏛᮦᦆയィ⟬䛻䛴䛔䛶 467 㛵す䛾బ䚻ᮌ◊✲ဨ䛛䜙ሗ࿌䛜䛒䛳䛯䠊䛣䜜䜎䛷㞾䛾ゎᯒ䛻⏝䛔䛯䝟䞊䝁䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝰䝕䝹䛜ගᏛᮦᦆയィ⟬䛻䜒౑⏝ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜♧䛥䜜䛯䠊䛭䛾䛺䛛䛷䚸䛔䛛䛻䝟䞊䝁䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝰䝕䝹䜢㐺⏝䛩䜛䛛䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸⌧㇟䜢䛔䛛䛻䝰䝕䝹໬䛩䜛䛛䠛䛭䛾Ⓨ᝿䛜㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䛸䛾䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䜢ⱝᡭ◊✲⪅䛻ᢞ䛢䛛䛡䛶䛔䛯䠊
ಶูⓎ⾲䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䚸䝺䞊䝄䞊ຍᕤ䛻䛚䛡䜛䜰䝤䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝥䝷䝈䝬䛾᝟ሗ䛛䜙↷ᑕᮦ䛾㐪䛔䜢ㄞ䜏ྲྀ䜛䝕䜱䞊䝥䝷䞊䝙䞁䜾䛻㛵䛩䜛䜒䛾䠄㜰኱ ᖹᒣẶ䠅䜔䚸ᩘ್ゎἲ䛻㛵䛧䛶┦ᑐㄽ )RNNHU3ODQFN ⾪✺㡯䛾ಖᏑᛶ䛸ᑐ⛠ᛶ䜢⥔ᣢ䛧䛯ᩘ್ゎἲ 㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊ ⓑᡞẶ 䜔ග⥺㏣㊧ἲ䛾㛤Ⓨ≧ἣ ྡ኱ ኱ὠẶ 䛾௚䚸┦ᑐㄽ䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬┦஫స⏝䛻䜘䜛⢏Ꮚຍ㏿䜔༳ຍ☢ሙ䛾ຠᯝ䚸᪂䛯䛺䜲䜸䞁ຍ㏿ᡭἲ䛾ᥦ᱌䚸ὶయ㏆ఝ㡿ᇦ䛛䜙㐠ືㄽⓗ㡿ᇦ䜈䛾㐣Ώ㡿ᇦ䛾ྲྀ䜚ᢅ䛔ἲ䛺䛹䚸ከᙬ䛺ሗ࿌䛜䛺䛥䜜䚸άⓎ䛺㆟ㄽ䛜⾜䜟䜜䛯䠊᭱ᚋ䛻䠈௒ᅇ䛾㛤ദ䛾ᶵ఍䜢୚䛘䛶䛔䛯䛰䛔䛯㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊䛾ඹྠ◊✲䞉ඹྠ◊✲ᣐⅬ䛾䝃䝫䞊䝖䛻ឤㅰ⮴䛧䜎䛩䠊◊✲఍䛻䛿䚸ᇶᮏ䚸ྛ⮬ண⟬䛷ཧຍ䛔䛯䛰䛔䛶䛚䜚䜎䛜䚸㈈※䛾䛺䛔᪉䛾䝃䝫䞊䝖䛻ᮏඹྠ◊✲ண⟬䜢฼⏝䛥䛫䛶䛔䛯䛰䛝䜎䛧䛯䠊◊✲఍ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ
䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬⛉Ꮫ䛾䛯䜑䛾᭱ඛ➃䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䝁䞊䝗䛾ඹྠ㛤Ⓨ䞉ඹ⏝䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲఍㻌᪥㻌 ᫬䠖ᖹᡂ 㻟䠍ᖺ 㻝 ᭶ 㻜㻣 ᪥䠄᭶䠅㻝㻟䠖㻟㻜㻌 䡚㻌 㻝 ᭶ 㻤 ᪥䠄ⅆ䠅㻝㻣䠖㻜㻜㻌఍㻌 ሙ䠖኱㜰኱Ꮫ䝺䞊䝄䞊䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊Ꮫ◊✲䝉䞁䝍䞊㻌 ◊✲Ჷ㻌 㻔䠥Ჷ䇲㻟 㝵㻕㻌 ኱఍㆟ᐊ㻌ϭ ᭶ Ϭϳ ᪥㸦᭶㸧࠙ϭϯ㸸ϯϬ㹼ϭϱ㸸ϬϬࠚ ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ ϭ ྖ఍ ᇛ㷂 ▱⮳㸦ᗈ኱㝔ᕤ㸧㻝㻟㻦㻟㻜㻌 㻌 䝺䞊䝄䞊⏕ᡂ㧗䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ᐦᗘ䝥䝷䝈䝬䛾䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢㐍䜑䜛䛯䜑䛻ᚲせ䛺䛣䛸䛿ఱ䠛㻌㻌㻌༓ᚨ㻌 㟹ᙪ㻌 㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊㻌㻝㻠㻦㻜㻜㻌 ᰾⼥ྜ䝥䝷䝈䝬䛾ᩘ್ィ⟬䛻䛚䛡䜛ಖᏑ๎䛸ᑐ⛠ᛶ㻌ⓑᡞ 㧗ᚿ㻌 㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊㻝㻠㻦㻟㻜㻌 䝕䜱䞊䝥䝷䞊䝙䞁䜾䛻䜘䜛䝺䞊䝄䞊䜰䝤䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝸䜰䝹䝍䜲䝮䝉䞁䝅䞁䜾䛻㛵䛩䜛◊✲㻌ᖹᒣ 㣁ኴ 㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊    ϭϱ㸸ϬϬ㹼ϭϱ㸸ϯϬ ఇ᠁࠙ϭϱ㸸ϯϬ㹼ϭϳ㸸ϬϬࠚࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ Ϯ ྖ఍ ⏿ ᫀ⫱㸦㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊㸧㻝㻡㻦㻟㻜㻌 ᢬ᢠᛶ䝽䜲䝧䝹୙Ᏻᐃᛶ䛻ᑐ䛩䜛እ㒊☢ሙຠᯝ㻌⏣ཱྀಇᘯ ᦤ༡኱⌮ᕤ㻌㻝㻢㻦㻜㻜㻌 䝺䞊䝄䞊㥑ື↓⾪✺⾪ᧁἼ䛾ୖὶຍ⇕䛸䜲䜸䞁ຍ㏿㻌୕㛫㻌 ᅜ⯆㻌 ග⏘๰኱㻌㻝㻢㻦㻟㻜㻌 ཰᮰☢ሙ䛻䜘䜛䝺䞊䝄䞊ຍ㏿㟁Ꮚ䝡䞊䝮䛾㧗ᙉᗘ໬㻌ᇛ㷂㻌 ▱⮳ ᗈ኱㝔ᕤϭ ᭶ Ϭϴ ᪥㸦ⅆ㸧࠙ϵ㸸ϬϬ㹼ϭϬ㸸ϯϬࠚࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ ϯ  ྖ఍ 㛗཭ ⱥኵ㸦㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊㸧㻜㻥㻦㻜㻜㻌 ᮍᐃ㻌ຍ⸨㻌 㐍㻌 ⏘⥲◊㻌㻜㻥㻦㻟㻜㻌 䝪䝹䝒䝬䞁᪉⛬ᘧ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟㠀ᖹ⾮㟁Ꮚ䝣䜷䝜䞁ศᕸ䛾᫬㛫Ⓨᒎ䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁㻌㻌㻌ᑠ㔝㻌 㡴ኴ㻌 ᒱ㜧኱ᕤ㟁Ẽ㟁Ꮚ㻌బ䚻ᮌ㻌 ᫂㻌 㔞◊ᶵᵓ㛵す㻌㻝㻜䠖㻜㻜㻌 ගᏛᮦᩱ䛾ᦆയ䛾䝟䞊䝁䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁⌮ㄽゎᯒ㻌ϭϬ㸸ϯϬ㹼ϭϬ㸸ϰϱ ఇ᠁࠙ϭϬ㸸ϰϱ㹼ϭϭ㸸ϰϱࠚࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ ϰ  ྖ఍ ༓ᚨ 㟹ᙪ㸦㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊㸧㻝㻜㻦㻠㻡㻌 ྂ඾ຊᏛ䛸㔞ᏊຊᏛ䛻䛚䛡䜛䝫䞁䝕䝻䝰䞊䝔䜱䝤ຠᯝ䛾ᬑ㐢ᛶ㻌㻲㼛㼗㼗㼑㼞 ℩ᡞ㻌 ្኱㻌 㻱㻸㻵㻙㻺㻼㻛㻵㻲㻵㻺㻙㻴㻴㻌㻝㻝㻦㻝㻡㻌 ᭤⋡䝥䝷䝈䝬䜈䛾䝺䞊䝄䞊↷ᑕ఩⨨ኚ໬䛻䜘䜛㧗㏿㟁Ꮚ⏕ᡂ䜈䛾ᙳ㡪㻌Ἀ⏣㻌 ᆂྖ㻌 㜰኱㝔ᕤ㻌ϭϭ͗ϰϱ㹼ϭϯ㸸ϭϱ ᫨㣗࠙ϭϯ㸸ϭϱ㹼ϭϰ㸸ϰϱࠚࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ ϱ  ྖ఍ ᆏୖ ோᚿ㸦㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊㸧㻝㻟㻦㻝㻡㻌 ㉸㧗ᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䛻䜘䜛㧗౯ᩘ㔜䜲䜸䞁ຍ㏿㻌⏿㻌 ᫀ⫱㻌 㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊㻌㻝㻟㻦㻠㻡㻌 䝞䝤䝹⇿⦰䛻䜘䜛㧗䜶䝛䝹䜼䞊ᐦᗘ≀⌮◊✲㻌 㻙㻌 ᰾⼥ྜ䛛䜙䃒⥺䝺䞁䝈䜎䛷㻌 㻙㻌ᮧୖ ໷ୟ 㜰኱࣮ࣞࢨ࣮◊㻝㻠㻦㻝㻡㻌 㻹㻰㻌㼟㼕㼙㼡㼘㼍㼠㼕㼛㼚㻌㼛㼒㻌㻹㼕㼏㼞㼛㻙㻮㼡㼎㼎㼘㼑㻌㻵㼙㼜㼘㼛㼟㼕㼛㼚㻌㻹㼥㼘㼑㼟㻌㼆㻻㻿㻭㻌 㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊ϭϰ㸸ϰϱ㹼ϭϱ㸸ϬϬ ఇ᠁࠙ϭϱ㸸ϬϬ㹼ϭϲ㸸ϯϬࠚ ࢭࢵࢩࣙࣥ ϲ ྖ఍ ᇛ㷂 ▱⮳㸦ᗈ኱㝔ᕤ㸧㻝㻡㻦㻜㻜㻌 䝺䞊䝄䞊᰾⼥ྜ䛻䛚䛡䜛ග⥺㏣㊧ἲ䛻䜘䜛䝺䞊䝄䞊྾཰䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾㧗⢭ᗘ໬㻌
኱ὠ ㈗ᚿ ྡ኱㝔⌮㻝㻡㻦㻟㻜㻌 㧗ᙉᗘ䝺䞊䝄䞊䝥䝷䝈䝬┦஫స⏝䛾ὶయ䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ᙳ㡪㻌␊୰㻌 ೺ 㜰኱㝔ᕤ㻌㻝㻢㻦㻜㻜㻌 ὶయ䝁䞊䝗䜈䛾㠀ᒁᡤ㟁Ꮚ⇕ఏᑟ䝰䝕䝹䛾ᑟධ㻌㛗཭㻌 ⱥኵ㻌 㜰኱䝺䞊䝄䞊◊㻌࠙ϭϲ㸸ϯϬ㹼ࠚ  ⮬⏤ウㄽ㻌