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1Main spacecrafts

COSMOS 700
1974
MOLNIA-3
1974

RADUGA1975

MOLNIA-2
IONOSFERNAYA 1971
COSMOS 372STATION
1970
STRELA-1M 1970
1970
SFERA
GONETS-DGALS1968
ETALONCOSMOS 192
1994
1992
1989
RADUGA-1M
VERTICAL 1967
IKRAN-M
1989
COSMIC1987
LOUTCH
ZOND
1985
COSMO
STRELA-2MOLNIA -1
1967
COSMOS 16171967
S STRELA-1 1965
1622
1964
1964
1985
GLONASSYUBILEINYRADUGA-1M2008
NADEZHDA 1982
POTOK
1982
GONETS-MMERIDIAN 2007
1982
2006
RADIO
EXSPRESS-AM2005
GLONASS- 2003
1981
GEO-IKM
MOZHAYETSGORIZO
1981
2003
2002
TSIKADIKRANNTMOLNIA-3K
A
1976
1978
2001
1976
SESAT
2000
Since its foundation ISS-Reshetnev Co has
EXPRESS-A
created over 40 spacecraft types. Overall
2000
ZEYA
more than 1130 spacecrafts have been
RADIOGONETS-D1 1997
injected into orbit.
LOUTCHEXSPRESS
ROSTO
1996
1995
1994
1994

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Main Activities• Air space organization• Communication• Navigation• Surveillance• Air traffic
management
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Technology enablers meeting the identified
operational and architecture requirements– The communication systems will increasingly use
digital technology and protocols to a full integration ofterrestrial and satellite networks towards a data
network connecting all ATM sub-systems.
– The primary navigation system will be satellite
based with a terrestrial fall back solution to mitigate
against a potential full blackout of satellite navigation
services.
– New surveillance systems e.g. ADS-B will
increasingly provide improved 4D-trajectory
information (position and time).

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4Global surveillance system. References• ADS-B 1090Es technology is developed andwidely implemented• Most of aircraft are equipped with ADS-B
1090ES unit with sufficient power for signaltransfer to low-orbit spacecraft.
• On-ground equipment for signals receipt andfurther re-transmission to ATM systems• Russian Space Agency is in charge ofdevelopment of space communication
system enabling a global coverage formessage retranslation

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Global surveillance system.
Operational concept
SpacecraftSpacecraftSpacecraft

ATN-SWIM
DPC

VHF, HF data &voice

Data

ATC Controllertransmission

ATC Controller
AOC Controller
DPC

Spacecraft

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It is necessary to equip spacecraftwith ADS-B message receiver in
1090MHz range aimed at furtherretranslation on data channels fora project realization.
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Global surveillance system.
Technical feasibility
The key principle – minimization of costs• - installation of receiver 1090 MHz to spacecraft for
further data transfer via existing data channels• - use of the present aircraft on-board equipment forsurveillance purposes

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Automatic dependent surveillance systemwith space-based elements

The system shall provide:• reception of ADS-B signals fromaircrafts at frequency 1090 MHz;
• transmission of ADS-B signals
received at frequency 1090 MHz tothe on-ground gateway terminals.

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Proposals related to spacecraft orbital constellation
generation• Preferable orbital positions:– 15 W
– 120 E• The service of flight routes over theAtlantic ocean, the Indian ocean, apart of the Pacific ocean, Eurasia,
Africa and Australia is also
provided.
• The flights over the North Pole areserviced by high elliptical orbit(HEO) spacecrafts of “M” or “T”
type.

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GEO & HEO spacecraft orbital constellation

HEO spacecraft orbital
constellation up to 2-4ЗАМЕНИТЬ

GEO spacecraft orbital
constellation up to 3-4

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10Antenna system for signal reception
from aircraft board
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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•

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Hybrid reflector antenna generating 61 beams isrequired to cover the specified coverage area;
Reflector diameter is 7 m;
Feed dimensions are 2790Х2460Х450 mm;
Multi-beam antenna feed is a 61-element flat
phased array consisting of conic helical radiating
elements;
Helical radiating element is used as a single
element of phased array;
Diameter of each helix is 100 mm at the bottom and60 mm at the top and the height is 200 mm;
Polarization type is right-hand circular;
Gain in the coverage area at the level of minus 3 dB
is not less than 27,8 dB;
Antenna beam width for one beam is 2,4ºх2,4º.

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Receive antenna system coverage area

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12Antenna system for signal transmission toDPC• Hybrid reflector antenna generating 16beams is required to cover the specified
coverage area;• Reflector diameter is 0,22 m;• Feed dimensions are 94Х1130Х100 mm;• Multi-beam antenna feed is a 16-element
phased array consisting of smooth-wallconical horns;• Polarization type is right-hand circular;• Gain in the coverage area at the level ofminus 3 dB is not less than 22,3 dB;• Antenna beam width for one beam is 5ºх5º.

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Transmit antenna coverage area for GEO spacecraft
feeder line

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14Payload performance data

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Spacecraft general configuration

Antenna forcommunication
with aircrafts

Communication feeder
feederCommunicationline antennas
antennasline

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Spacecraft performance data
••••
•
•

Spacecraft mass (based on 1000H platform)
1700 kgSpacecraft power consumption
6200 W
Payload mass
450 kg
Payload power consumption
4500 W
Three-axis station keeping accuracy
0,1°
N-S and inclination
station keeping accuracy not worse than
0,05 °• Lifetime
15 years• Injection into orbit by the launch vehicle Proton-M within theframe of double payload launch.

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JSC ISS-Reshetnev platforms
for air traffic control spacecrafts
Express-1000H platform

Express-1000SH platform

Express-2000 platform

Payload performance data:

Payload performance data:

Payload performance data:- PL power up to 5600 W;- PL power up to 8500 W;- PL power up to 14000 W;- PL heat dissipation up to 3500 W;- PL heat dissipation up to 5000 W;- PL heat dissipation up to 7500 W;- PL mass up to 500 kg;- Pl mass up to 700 kg;- PL mass up to 1000 kg;

Lifetime is 15 years;

Lifetime is 15 years;

Lifetime is 15 years;

Launch mass up to 1700 kg;

Launch mass up to 2200 kg;

Launch mass up to 3400 kg;

Platform application:

Platform application:

Platform application:- Amos-5;- Azersat;- Express-AM5;-Telkom-3 and current tender contracts.

- Express-AM8.

- Express-AM6.

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T-type HEO spacecraft coverage area

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1 – spacecraft path over the communication session area; 2 – radio coverage area limit

Figure 3.2. Radio coverage area at γ = 20° for T-type orbit

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M-type HEO spacecraft coverage area132

4

1 & 3 – spacecraft paths during the communication session;2 – radio coverage area limit for the main revolution; 4 – radio coverage area limit for theadjacent revolution

Radio coverage area at γ = 20° for M-type orbit
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M-type HEO spacecraft coverage area

• Russian Space Agency realizing the global scope andimportance of the system application is considering thepossibility of the international cooperation in terms of thesystem development and implementation.

• ESA has also supported this program. RSA and ESA havecreated the dedicated workgroup.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
ANY QUESTIONS?

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