ITTO Thematic Programme on
Reducing Deforestation and Forest
Degradation and Enhancing
Environmental Services - REDDES
Eduardo Mansur
Assistant Director,
Reforestation and Forest Management
International Tropical Timber Organization - ITTO

International Technical Seminaron REDD+Tokyo, 16-17 February 2011

Outline• The 25 years of ITTO

• REDDES Thematic Programme• MRV in ITTO projects• REDD+ opportunities: building fromwhat we are learning

The International Tropical Timber
Organization - ITTO•

Established in 1986•

Operates under the ITTA•

60 member countries•

90% of the tropical timbertrade, 80% of tropicalforests•

Secretariat of 40 people
based in Yokohama,
Japan

•

Over 700 projects
implemented in member
countries (approx
US$ 340,000,000)

The ITTO mandate

To promote sustainable development throughtrade, conservation and best-practice forest
management

ITTO MEMBERS (60): Producers (33) & Consumers (27)80% of the world’s tropical forests
90% of the world’s tropical timber trade 5

Achieving the Objectives of the ITTA
• Policy work (guidelines, tools)• Project work (demonstration,
capacity building)

6

ITTO experience
25-year of experience in SFM, conservation and forest restoration
linking policy work with field activities
SFM C&I, SFM guidelines, …
valorizing multiple benefits of forest ecosystems
REDDES, …
public-private partnership
7 & i / ITTO/ Indonesia partnership
Feasibility study on carbon market (METI/Marubeni/ITTO/Indonesia)
cooperation with other international organizations in the CPF
strategic framework for forests and climate change,
assessment and monitoring of forest degradation
capacity building for assessment of terrestrial carbon stocks
capacity building in A/R CDM, …

ITTO’s initiatives related to REDD+

1. REDDES – Reducing Deforestation and Forest
Degradation and Enhancing Environmental Services inTropical Forests
2. Working with private sector (7&i; Marubeni; others tocome)
3. ITTO projects contributing to REDD readiness, capacity
building, and to understanding SFM practices in relation
to climate change mitigation and adaptation
4. Specific studies: Carbon sequestration by finishedtropical wood products; Carbon impact of ITTO forest
projects; etc
5. Collaboration with other international organizations (CPF
Forest Degradation, UN-REDD, FCPF, Forest Days at
UNFCCC, etc)

ITTO Thematic Programme on REDDESGeneral objective:
To reduce deforestation and forest degradation, enhanceenvironmental services and help improve forest dependant
livelihoods through sustainable management of tropicalforests, and forest restoration
Specific objective:
To strengthen the capacity of ITTO developing
member countries and their stakeholders to:• reduce unplanned deforestation• reduce forest degradation• maintain and enhance climate change mitigation andother environmental services of tropical forests; and• contribute to the social and economic sustainability offorest-dependent communities

General objective

REDDES Programme Strategy-reduced deforestationand forest degradation

Scope
CC mitigation &adaptation
Biodiversity
Soil &
water
conservation
Disasterprevention
Recreation
NTFPs-improved livelihoods

Country level
Assessment
anddiagnosis

Enabling
conditions &capacitybuilding

Demonstration activities

Scaling up&
dissemination

Specific
objective- capacity
strengthened

Target groups-ultimate: local communities, forest owners

Regional and international level
Methodologies, accounting,monitoring &verification

Policies,
financingmech.,
training

Validated
technologies & approaches

Knowledge
management

Cooperation &partnerships-inter-mediate:
government agencies,
policymakers, CSOs,
other stake-holders

REDDES Advisory Committee•

Dr. Ernest Foli, Ghana (Producer)•

Dr. Norini Haron, Malaysia (Producer)•

Ing. Rocio Malleux Hernani, Peru (Producer)•

Ms. Thais Linhares Juvenal, Brazil (Producer)•

Mr. Takuo Sato, Japan (Consumer)•

Dr. William de Groot, Canada (Consumer)•

Dr. Carmenza Robledo, Switzerland (Consumer)•

Jose Antonio Prado, FAO (collaborating Institution on behalf of UNREDD)•

Mr. Emmanuel Ze Meka, Executive Director, ITTO

REDDES projects underway

1.

Monitoring Pan-Amazonian forest (8 Amazon Countries)

2.

Social processes for SFM (Guatemala)3.

Resources assessment & monitoring (Guyana)

4.

Communities and PES (Peru)

5.

Carbon stock inventory (Dem Rep Congo)

6.

Collaborative management for REDD (Ghana)

7.

PES in degraded/secondary forests (China)

8.

SFM to enhance carbon stocks (Indonesia)

9.

REDD in south Sumatra peatland (Indonesia)

10. Voluntary carbon marketing scheme (ITTO)

Monitoring Pan-Amazonian Forest(Brazil) (1)
Executing Agency:
AMAZON
COOPERATION TREATY
ORGANIZATION (ACTO)

Duration & Budget:
4 Yrs (Mar 2010-Feb 2014)
Total: US$ 6.250.000
ITTO (1.125.000), ACTO
(1.389.000), ACTO MEMBERCOUNTRIES (3.750.000),
OTHERS (FUNDO AMAZONIA,
tbd)

Eight ACTO Members Countries for the project

Monitoring Pan-Amazonian Forest(Brazil) (2)Outputs
Outputs 1:
National plans for the implementation of aforest cover monitoring system prepared
Outputs 2:
National Plans for forest cover monitoring
system implemented
Outputs 3:
Spaces for regional dialogue and coordination
on forest management harmonized andother C&I strengthened

Carbon Stock Inventory in DR Congo
Complementary to
UN-REDD
Executing Agency:
Dep of Inventory andForest Management(DIAF)

Duration & Budget:- 1 yr (Mar 2010-Feb 2011)- US$476,000
60 mil ha Production Forest in DR Congo
Project Outputs:
1) 70 - 80 technicians of the DIAF, DDD (and other partners)
are formed to execute the national forest carbon inventory2) Acquisition, set up and distribution of equipments tooperate the national forest carbon inventory
Technical guidance from the on-going ITTO Project“Multispectral Three-Dimensional Aerial Digital Imagery for Monitoring SFM in Congo”

SFM to enhance carbon stocks
in Indonesia
Executing Agency:
DG of Forest Production Development, MoF
Duration & Budget:
2 yrs (April 2010-Mar 2012), US$535,000
Specific Objective:
To develop national strategy to maintain andincrease forest carbon stock through SFM
Completed ITTO project “Internal Monitoring of SFM Performance
at Forest Management Unit Level [PD 389/05 Rev. 2 (F)]” willcomplement

REDD in South Sumatra Peatland inIndonesia
Specific Objectives:to enhance conservation andrestoration of Peat Swamp Forest
ecosystems in South Sumatra
Expected Outputs:
I.

Institutional setting to prevent further
deforestation and forest degradation
II. Sound and applicable technology inrestoration and rehabilitation of PSF
III. Demonstration activities with theplantation of indigenous species

REDDES Budget
 Planned investment (3 yrs):

USD18,000,000

 Total Pledges:

USD 9,200,000

 Balance:

USD 8,800,000

 Allocation up to 2010:

USD 4,000,000

NorwayJapan
Switzerland
United States
ITTO REDDES: Next call for proposals will be launchedin late February 2011
Donorswww.itto.int

Added Value of REDDES•

Comprehensive approach covering all environmental
services•

Focus on SFM in reducing deforestation anddegradation•

Emphasis on :• capacity building, also at FMU/local
implementation to deliver climate and otherenvironmental benefits• demonstration• payment for env. services•

Geographic coverage (incl. countries not covered byother initiatives)•

Complementarity to other initiatives in REDD+•

ITTO’s 25 years background of more than 700 projects,
guidelines, training, etc.

Public-Private Partnerships to promote REDD+

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A Public-Private Partnership to develop a
REDD+ project in Indonesia

Meru Betiri National Park, Java

Executing Agency:
FORDA, MoF
Duration & ITTO budget
4 yrs (Jan 2010-Dec 2014)
US$900,000

21Meru Betiri Project targets:••

To develop a robust measurable, reportable andverifiable (MRV) system for monitoring REDD andenhancement of forest carbon stocks in Meru Betiri
National Park (MBNP)
To improve the livelihoods of local communities living
inside and in the surrounding area of MBNP throughparticipation in avoiding deforestation, degradation andbiodiversity loss

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REDD+ Conservation Project in Indonesia:
Monitoring the socio-economic impact ofproject activities
MBNP is surrounded by 12 villages(population of app. 25,000). They areliving mostly as land owning farmers(40%) and non-land owning farmers
as labors (40%)
The average income per household isvery low, about UD$150 per year
Currently,
Revitalizing existing village models
related to forest rehabilitation andconservation of plant genetic
resources and biodiversity

Illegal and unsustainable activities in Meru Betiri NP

Surabaya

Penyu & Telur

Rotan
Bambu
PasuruanJemberJukungPrimata
MalangBali

Lumajang

Banyuwangi
Puger
PancerKayu Pertukangan
Burung24

MRV actions in Meru Betiri project
STEPS:•Carbon inventory•Carbon accounting (sequestration – emissions)•Carbon balance- Independent certification•Carbon credit
Land use plan

No. of Villages : 12 (± 25.000)

Meru Betiri NP, Java

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Meru Betiri Conservation ProjectMeasuring and Monitoring of Carbon Stocks
40 Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) established as one ofthe demonstration REDD+ projects in Indonesia
Initial measurement made to identify carbon pools in every
PSP consisting of above ground biomass, litter and soil

Meru Betiri Conservation Project inIndonesia:
Biodiversity Assessment and Monitoring
Developing Biodiversity Information
System
Supporting to self-sufficient community
development programs based onsustainable forest management
Strengthening forest law enforcement
against illegal logging and encroachment
Independent verification: The project isapplying Voluntary Carbon Standards(VCS) and/or the Climate, Community &Biodiversity (CCB) Standards

REDD+ Feasibility Studyin Indonesia
Two project sites have been
identified in peat swamp forests:
Place

SumatraKalimantan

Size

70,000 ha

200,000 ha

Preparation of a full feasibility study
proposal is underway to develop a
MRV system
29Concept of Bilateral Offset Mechanism

 Promote early and effective implementation of actions against
Deforestation and Forest Degradation through early development andoperation of a REDD+ project in Indonesia by filling the gap between thecurrent voluntary scheme and the future crediting mechanism under the
UNFCCC.
(Current)(・・2012・・)(2015?～ )Voluntary
SchemeBilateral Offset
Mechanism

Crediting Mechanism
under UNFCCC・ Lack of financial
incentive
・ Difficulties inoperationand developmentof projects(few buyers)Robust financial incentive
Enable prompt and robust
development and operation of
REDD+ projects
Earlier implementation ofactions against Deforestation
and Forest Degradation
Earlier implementation of
GHG emissions reduction

Smooth transition to thecompliance scheme
under the next UNFCCC
framework

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REDD+ OPPORTUNITIES AND
CHALLENGES

Building from what weare learning

31Lessons learned from A/R CDM
Project
Six regional workshops organized under ITTO A/R
CDM project “Building Capacity to Develop and
Implement Afforestation/Reforestation Projects
under CDM of the Kyoto Protocol”
Lessons learned from this experience include:•Too complex, bureaucratic and costly•Difficulty to identify eligible lands based on thedefinition of forests•Limited understanding on IPCC Good Practice
Guidelines for Land Use, Land-use Change andForestry•Lack of private investment for A/R CDM projects
due to limited market acceptance of A/R CDM

credits

Decision on REDD+ (1/CP.16)„Provided that adequate and predictable support isforthcoming, developing countries should aim to slow,
halt and reverse forest cover and carbon loss.“
Developing countries are requested to develop:•A national strategy or action plan
•A national forest reference level or subnationalreference levels as an interim measure•A robust and transparent monitoring system•A system for providing information on how safeguards
are being addressed

The 3-phased approach
Pilots(national / subnational)

Phase 3 – IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE:…, result-based actions, fully measured, reported and verified

Phase 2 – IMPLEMENTATION AND INVESTMENTS:…, capacity building, forest governance, SFM, technology development

and transfer, investments outside forest sector, demonstr. activities, …
Phase 1 - REDD+ READINESS:

diagnostic, national dialogue, national strategy and action plan, policies andmeasures, reference scenario and monitoring system, capacity building, …

Lessons learned from Forest Monitoring• No system in place at national and FMU
levels for comprehensive forest monitoringin many countries in the tropics- reliable and comprehensive RS data is lacking- credible and internationally accepted methodologies forusing high-resolution imagery for forest management not
yet established- local capacity in image capture and processing is weak

• Need to reinforce the capacities of thenational institutions for the development of
MRV system- more guidebooks/manuals on how to operate forest
monitoring- government, NGOs and private-sector companies need amechanism to work together on issues of common
concerns

Lessons learned…
• Demonstration activities are critical to
make REDD+ work in tropical countries,
they are essential for capacity-building• Financing is a big challenge:– Need for the public sector to support
sufficient financing in the short term to help
forest countries become ready for REDD+– Voluntary carbon markets for REDD+ canfacilitate demonstration activities with VER
credits– The private sector needs to play a major rolein financing through the global carbon
market in the long run

Further research and development needs•

Key research and development needs in the context of
REDD+ multiple benefits should include:

–
–
–
–
–

Completing the development of MRV systems
Analysing the key drivers of biodiversity loss due todeforestation and forest degradation at the national
and local level
The conditions for effective and equitable distribution
mechanisms
Criteria and indicators for monitoring multiple
benefits and safeguards
Socio-economic analyses of implementing REDD+
considering the full value of forests and multiple
benefits

Collaboration and synergies• ITTO is working with otherinitiatives to promote synergies,
complementarities andexchange of experiences

Examples of REDD+ related projects of
ITTO and JICA are available at:www.itto.int/technical_report/

REDD+ Funding
Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF)
Readiness Fund: Target 200m$ for readiness preparation
16 donor and 37 country participants
Carbon Fund:

Target 185m$ for performance payments in 5 – 8 selected countries

UN-REDD
Target 111m$ for technical advise in 9 pilot countries: DRC, Tanzania
and Zambia; Indonesia, PNG and Vietnam; Bolivia, Panama and Paraguay

Forest Investment Program (FIP)
Target 560m$ for transformational changes (financing policy reforms
and measures) in Brazil, Burkina Faso, DRC, Ghana, Indonesia, Mexico, Laos and Peru

… And other bi- and multilateral initiatives:
GEF-5, ITTO-REDDES,Amazon Fund, Congo Basin Forest Fund, Norway‘s International
Forest and Climate and Forest Initiative, Australia‘s International Forest Carbon Initiative, …

Interim REDD+ partnership
Result of the Paris – Oslo Process (March / May 2010):•Interim platform to scale up REDD+ actions and finance.
•Partners pledged 4 billion US$ for REDD+ fast start financing 2010 – 2012•71 partner countries after 4 partnership meetings (Bonn, Tianjin, Nagoya,
Cancún)Work program components (Partnership Meeting November 2010):
Phase I (2010)
Phase II (2011 – 2012)
1. Database of REDD+ financing,
Facilitating
actions and results
1. readiness activities
2. Analysis of financing gaps and2. demonstration activities
overlaps
3. result-based actions
3. Discussion on effectiveness of
4. scaling up of finance andmultilateral REDD+ initiatives
actions
4. Share lessons on REDD+
5. promoting transparency
initiatives and best practices;
promote and facilitate cooperation
among partners
5. Institutional arrangements

Final remarks• The ITTO REDDES Programme is on track to
assist 36 ITTO developing member countries• Cooperation amongst REDD+ initiatives
including multilateral and bilateralprogrammes enhances synergies andcomplementarity to the benefit ofparticipating countries• Beneficiary countries must coordinate andlead their own REDD+ processes• Further support is needed to achieve
expected results in enhancing environmental
services and supporting REDD+
implementation
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Thank you
itto@itto.int