Contents

国総研ニューズレター

N I L I M N e w s L et t e r■ “Road Traffic Census”, which can also be called the national census of roads, to be performed from
September to November■ To Rational maintenance of Steel Bridges- Partial Re-painting Technical Manual for Steel Bridges (Draft) ■ Development of Urban Space Evaluation and Planning Technologies for Effective
Heat Island Measures- For Measures “Putting the Right Material in the Right Place” ■ The 3rd International Conference on Transport and Logistics (T-LOG 2010)■ Fishing Census of Gobies at Shibaura Island

No.34

Autumn 2010
Notification“Road Traffic Census”,which can also becalled the national census of roads, to be
performed from September to November
Road Department, Traffic Engineering Division
A road traffic census, will be performed this autumn. The resultsof this survey will be used as basic documents to be used to estimate
future transportation demand and to plan, construct, and manage
roads. This time, the survey will be improved in a variety of ways toensure a more advanced and more efficient survey.
The road traffic census, which is a survey performed nationwide toclarify the actual state of roads and road traffic throughout Japan, wasperformed first as a nationwide traffic survey in 1928, and has been
conducted approximately once every 5 years since 1980. Its results areused effectively as basic documents to predict future traffic demand,and to plan, construct, and manage roads.
The road traffic census consists of two surveys: an origin anddestination (OD) survey and a traffic volume survey. The OD survey
is a statistical survey of road users’ departure locations, intended
destinations, purposes of travel and state of daily travel, etc. But theordinary traffic volume survey, which is a survey of actual state of roads
and road traffic, consists of surveys of road conditions, traffic volumes,
and traveling speed.
This road traffic census is improved in the following ways withtechnical support by the Traffic Engineering Division in order toperform a more advanced survey more efficiently than the preceding
survey (2005).

- The main purpose of the survey is to obtain basic data necessary
to predict future traffic demand, and centered on the OD survey, tocreate a system to survey the actual state of roads and road traffic
which should also be clarified.
- The OD survey introduces a simplified questionnaire  and a postal
survey in order to reduce the burden on respondents.
- For the traffic volume survey, new districts have been set as thefoundation for the survey, in order to be able to set survey ranges
efficiently for each survey.
- The road status survey improved or eliminated survey items of use inpredicting future traffic demand and other future road policies.
- The traffic volume survey mainly concerned future traffic demandpredictions, for example, by checking the occurrence and concentrationof traffic volume in the OD survey. It adds mechanical surveys suchas constant traffic volume monitoring equipment, mobile vehicle
detectors (Photo 1), etc. The survey was simplified to two vehicle
categories to make this possible.
- The travel speed survey collected travel data for vehicles equipped with
communication type car navigation systems, which have come into
wide use in recent years, and surveyed travel speeds not only during
traffic congestion, but when there was no traffic congestion (Fig. 1).
But traffic volume and travelling speed change from moment tomoment, and it is necessary to observe the traffic state at normal times inorder to effectively and efficiently implement traffic smoothing measures
based on these. The Traffic Engineering Division plans to continue todevelop technologies to efficiently obtain and process traffic data andapply it to practical tasks.
We earnestly request the cooperation of those selected as respondents
to the OD survey.
2010 Road Traffic Census: Nationwide Road and Street Traffic Census(Top Page)  (http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/h22census/)

GPS satellite

Cruising data
Data
centerPhoto 1. Traffic Volume Survey by mobile vehicle detectors

Research Result

To Rational maintenance of Steel Bridges-Partial Re-painting Technical Manual for Steel
Bridges (Draft)-

Road Department, Bridge and Structures Division

A manual of coating technology which can be used to guideeconomical repainting only at the ends of girders where corrosion
occurs locally on road bridges has been prepared and is being
distributed nationwide.

Automobiles equippedwith communication type
car navigation systems

Figure 1. Traveling Speed Survey Using Cruising Data from Automobiles
Equipped with Communication Type Car Navigation Systems

Coating deterioration and corrosion of painting on steel bridges has,instead of occurring uniformly, tended to advance locally. So evenwhen most of the paint on a bridge is sound, severe corrosion may
occur in a narrow range at the ends of girders and other parts in a poor
corrosion environment, And in particular, on the bearings even if therange of the corrosion is narrow, the advance of local corrosion, forexample, causing section loss, may inflict serious damage on the load
bearing capacity of the bridge.
In the past, boundaries with old paint films were weak points, andtechnology was inadequate, so it was difficult to adequately remove
deteriorated coating or rust. In many cases, therefore, bridges were totally
repainted after allowing the deteriorated coating to broaden to cover the1

entire bridges. So NILIM studied a method which can be applied to
repaint only narrow areas of severe coating deterioration and rust withgood quality coating and to treat the weak points on the boundaries
with the old remaining paint films. As a result, execution experimentswith models which simulate narrow execution conditions at the ends
of girders cut from an actual bridge have shown that it is necessary
to replace the paint with a heavy-duty coating using organic zinc rich
paint in order to provide corrosion protection performance, and that it
is possible to remove all old coating and rust etc. at the correspondingarea with blasting. In addition to that, technical guidelines presenting
the surface preparation method which combines the open blasting,  
vacuum blasting and power tools, and execution evaluation method for

painting works, have been made. Also, regarding treatment methods forboundaries with old paint films, where the painting type is susceptible
to corrosion, the properties of painting materials and the adhesiveness,and execution properties between the old and the new paintings havebeen considered, and overcoating specifications with superior durability
have been developed as shown in Figure 1 and Photo 1.
The results of these research efforts have been published as “Partial
Re-painting Technical Manual for Steel Bridges (Draft)”, which is
being distributed to regional development bureaus nationwide and trial
executions are now underway in each region.
Web page of the Bridge and Structures Division.
(http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/gcg/index.htm)

New paint film (partial repainting)Approx. 50mm
Approx. 10mm

Coating surface(sanding)

Steel surface(blasting)

Old paint film (A-type)
Weak solvent type of fluorine resin paint (top)140g/m2
Long-oil phthalic acid resin paint (top)Weak solvent type of fluorine resin paint (middle) 170g/m2

Long-oil phthalic acid resin paint (middle)

Weakly solvent type of modified epoxy resin paint (bottom) 240g/m2

Lead type rust-proofing paint (1st) (bottom)

Weakly solvent type of modified epoxy resin paint (bottom) 240g/m2
Organic zinc rich paint (bottom) 600g/m2

Figure 1. Overcoating Paint Specifications

Research Result

Development of Urban Space Evaluation
and Planning Technologies for Effective
Heat Island Measures- For Measures “Putting the Right Material
in the Right Place” -Urban Planning Department, Urban Development Division
Building Department, Environmental and Equipment Standards Division
These divisions are working to develop evaluation technologies
which can be applied to comparative studies of the effectiveness ofdifferent measures to permit the implementation of effective heatisland measures adapted to regional characteristics and planningtechnologies, simulation software etc. which will contribute to thecreation of low carbon cities.
Since 2004, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism has, based on the General Framework of Heat Island Measures,
been conducting research and development and applying simulation
software which can be used for comparative studies of the effectivenessof different measures such as greening and water retentive pavement,
energy-efficient buildings, ventilation paths, and so on in order toimplement effective measures.  
To develop this simulation software, the Urban Planning
Department and the Building Department of the NILIM have joinedwith concerned organizations and universities to use super computers
to perform calculations to predict the flow of wind around buildings
and the distribution of air temperature in the 23 wards of Tokyo andto observe weather at 190 locations in the waterfront and downtown
areas of Tokyo and to conduct wind tunnel tests to clarify the effects ofventilation paths*.
Based on the results of these efforts, simple simulation software which
can be used to predict and study the effect of various heat island measures
on a personal computer (Fig. 1) is nearly ready for practical application,and the release of this software to local governments etc. is scheduled
for the coming year. It is intended to provide concerned officials in thenational government and in local governments with tools they can use
to personally trial calculate the effectiveness of revegetation, cool roofs,
water retentive pavements, energy conservation, ventilation paths, andvarious other heat island measures in specific regions, enabling them2

Photo 1. After Partial Repainting

to contribute to the proposal of effective measures adapted to actual
regional conditions.
And recent years have brought a demand for heat island measures
to be linked to global warming mitigation measures, but methods ofevaluating and planning heat island measures which will effectively
serve as global warming mitigation countermeasures adapted toindividual regions have still not been established.
We have continued the above research with our concerns widened toencompass the creation of low-carbon cities. And in order to advanceheat island measures which also consider CO2 reduction as part ofcity planning, we are working to develop evaluation tools which canbe applied to study the effects of CO2 reduction when planning heatisland measures on the district scale, and conducting research to prepare
guidelines to the implementation of effective city planning.
* General Technology Development Project, Development of Thermal
Environment Evaluation and Countermeasure Technologies for
Urban Space (2004 to 2006)(http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/jeg/heat.htm)
Urban Planning Department, Urban Development Division(http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/jeg/index.htm)
Urban Thermal Environment
Measure Evaluation
Simulation Software

Setting weather conditions
Inputting center and angle ofcalculation range

Setting calculation range
Lands and buildings
setting options

Setting land and building elevations
Preparing simulation
input data
Executing numericalsimulations

The calculation
range can berotatedInputting vertical andhorizontal mesh numbers
and mesh size of thecalculation range

SET * Evaluations
Visualizing Simulation
Effectiveness

End

Plotting plane distribution ofdesignated number of stories above
ground level
Buildings displayed by colors
representing use

Displaying vector windspeed at the same time as air
temperature in meshes

Figure 1. Image of Simulation Software Now Under Development for Future
Practical Application

Conference Report

The 3rd International Conference on
Transport and Logistics (T-LOG 2010)
Port and Harbor Department, Port Systems DivisionThis event was held in the Nishijin Plaza at Kyushu University
in the City of Fukuoka from September 6 to 8. Researchers andpractitioners in the international and urban logistics field, mainly from
Asia including Japan, attended, hearing about 100 presentations.
This conference was held in the Nishijin Plaza at Kyushu University
in the City of Fukuoka as the third conference in the series, preceded by
the 2005 conference in Singapore and the 2007 conference in Shenzhen,
China.
The conference consisted of a half day plenary session (Photos 1, 2)
with two keynote lectures (Japan and Korea) and a panel discussion.
Then two parallel sessions featuring the presentation of academic andpractical papers were held for one and a half days in two rooms. And
finally, for half a day the participants took part in technical visits to
the Port of Hakata and logistics facilities (Photo 3). In the parallelsessions, a total of 97 papers were presented and discussed. These
included presentations of advanced researches and the recent state oflogistics infrastructures related to logistics policy and statistics, model
development and prediction, logistics in developing nations and crossborder transportation, intermodal transportation, increasing sizes ofships and terminal operation, environmental issues, risk management,
ITS and supply chain management, etc. The presenters represented

Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, China, Thailand, Australia, Indonesia,
Malaysia and many other countries. Of the total of 130 participants,
about half came from overseas.
From the NILIM, members of the Port and Harbor Department andthe Road department gave a total of seven presentations as shown on
the table, as also acted members of the local organizing committee.
The conference is held once every 2 years, and the next will be heldin 2012, although the host country is not yet decided.
Conference web page: (http://www.t-log.info/3rd-Tlog/index.html)
Analysis for Facilitating the Efficient Use of Official Port Cargo
Statistics - Case Study in Myanmar Port Cargo Statistics
Impact of International Transportation Infrastructure
Development on a Landlocked Country: Case Study in the Greater
Mekong Subregion
How International Cargo Flow will Change by Expansionof Panama Canal? -An Approach using the World Model forInternational Cargo Simulation
Transport Characteristics and Road Structure Factors Influencing
Container Truck Route Selection
Factors of choosing port to call for shipping companies based on
Analytic Hierarchical Process
Blockade Risk of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore: Scenario
Analysis with International Cargo Flow Simulation
Forecasting Future Amount of Trade and Maritime Container
Cargo Based on International Economic Scenario

Photos 1, 2. Keynote Lecture in the Plenary Session

Event

Fishing Census of Gobies at Shibaura Island
Coastal and Marine Department,
Marine Environment Division
An event combining pleasure with a research purpose, it gave
people the chance to savor an estuarine environment close at handin the center of the city and to take part in an environmental survey
through goby fishing, an activity which anyone can enjoy.

Photo 3. Tour of Port of Hakata

autumn, they grow to between 15 and 20cm and move into the deepparts of the bay where they mature to become one-year fish (they seemto occasionally include those which mature for 2 years). The divisionfocused this research on the goby, a species with a unique life cycle, as
the index species to evaluate the environment from the deep part of thebay to the estuary.
This goby fishing census was planned to implement a public
paticipation survey, so many specimens would be efficiently sampled
and measured at the same time.  It would help the residents to understandthe importance of environmental restoration in Tokyo Bay.
This summer set new records for heat, but on the census days,
many people, 87 in 36 groups, participated even under the painfulheat inflicted on them by the sunlight. For this survey, the organizers
obtained special permission for the participants to enter the seawall

The second Fishing Census of Gobies was held this year on
September 12 (Sunday) on the South Seawall on Shibaura Island in
Minato Ward, Tokyo (Photo 1). The Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Bureau of Port and Harbor, Minato Ward,
Certified NPO Umijuku, Tokyo University ofMarine Science and Technology, and NILIM,
formed the Executive Committee, which held
this event as part of the Shibaura Island Habitat
Creation Project.
In the winter, Japanese common gobies form
nesting holes in 6 to 8m of mud, then the males
protect and incubate the eggs which the female
has laid inside the holes. In the spring, the 2 to
3 cm juveniles swim back into the river mouth
and remain in the shallow flats near the shore.
In the summer, they grow to from 6 to 10cm in
Photo 1. Fishing Census on the South Seawall of
the brackish water at the river mouth, and in the
Shibaura Island

Photo 2. Observing Living Organisms in the Tide Poolat the Terraced Seawall

3along the Shibaura Island South Sea Wall. They could fish near thewater’s edge by descending the rock filled slope type seawall fromthe pedestrian deck to savor the sensation of the channel environment
close at hand. And at the same time, they enjoyed the fishing census
as they caught crabs between the rocks and encountered wharfroaches.
When they finished, they had caught at total of about 140 fish, which
far exceeded previous catches, with the goby accounting for nearly
half at 65 specimens. The average length of the goby was 11.5 cm,
about 2 cm longer than those caught during the previous census in July,
confirming that the gobies were growing well in this region.
On that day, after the goby fishing census, those participants who
wished to do so, also descended to a tide pool of the Habitat Creation

Project site. There they observed living organisms in the tide pool andon the crab panels (concrete walls designed as crab habitats) on theterraced seawall (Photo 2). We are confident that by taking part in goby
fishing and observing the tide pool in this way, the residents, and thechildren in particular, will be able to get a little closer to, and gain a newinterest in, the natural world.
Our division aims to perform goby habitat censuses at other locations
and also perform biological surveys such as genetic analysis and otolith
analysis to clarify the life cycle of Japanese common gobies and develop
measures to conserve and restore them.
For details concerning the Shibaura Island Habitat Creation Project,please go to the project information web site (http://www.meic.go.jp/
Shibaura/).

Schedule of Principal Events (November 2010 to January 2011)
Scheduled days

Event nameNovember 6

Open to the public: Public Works Day

November 16 to 19

19th Conference on Public Works Research and Development in Asia

December 1

2010 Conference of the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

PROJECT RESEARCH REPORT of National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management(January-October, 2010)
No.

Title of Paper

29

Research on International Logistics Network and Infrastructure Investment in the era of Economic Partnershipin Eastern Asia

Director of the Port and Harbor
Department

Names of Project Leaders30

Development of Damage Estimation Methods for Infrastructures and the Applications for Disaster Mitigation
Practices

Director of the Research Center for
Disaster Risk Management

31

Research on restoration of water circulation in collaboration with community activities

Director of the Environment
Department

32

Development of Performance Evaluation Methods for Innovative Structures applying Advanced Structural
Materials

Director of the Building
Department

RESEARCH REPORT of National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management(January-October, 2010)
No.

Title of Paper

39

Container Terminal Investment and their Effects on Decreasing Transport Cost in China by Applying the Modelfor International Cargo Simulation (MICS)Port Systems Division

Names of Divisions

40

Model Development of Multimodal International Logistics Flow in East and Southeast Asia and Policy
Evaluation of Logistics Infrastructure in ASEAN Countries

Port Systems Division

41

Study on Advanced Methods in Design and Maintenance of Airport Pavements

Airport Facilities Division

43

Dependence of Wind-Driven Current on Wind Stress Direction in a Small Semienclosed, Homogeneous
Rotating Basin

Coastal Zone Systems Division

TECHNICAL NOTE of National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management(September-October, 2010)
No.
596

Title of Paper

Names of Divisions

Report for quality of road runoff

Road Environment Division

598

The Study on the Improvement of the Emergency Management System in the United States after Hurricane Katrina

Flood Disaster Prevention Division

600

Study on Ship Dimensions by Statistical Analysis

Port Planning Division

601

Analysis on World Container Ship Movement and Containerized Cargo Flow (2010)

Port Planning Division

602

Estimating the Economic Effects of Maritime Container Cargo Exports by Interregional Input-Output Table atthe Prefecture Level

Port and Harbor Department

603

Transition and Present Situation of International Route and Traveler in Local Airports

Airport Planning Division

604

Revised PCN Calculation Method for Airport Pavement in Japan

Airport Facilities Division* For details concerning the state of issuing of documents, etc., see the web site.
■

Documents issued by the NILIM can be viewed at our web site. (http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/siryou/index.htm)■

NILIM research activities and achievements are now available on the web site (http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/siryou/2010report/index.htm), as Annual
Report 2010.

National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

No.34

Autumn 2010

Asahi 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0804, Japan(Tachihara) Tachihara 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0802, Japan(Yokosuka) Nagase 3-1-1, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-0826, Japan
TEL:+81-29-864-2675 FAX:+81-29-864-4322
Edited and Published by
http://www.nilim.go.jp/english/eindex.htm
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

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