Solid Waste Management
In Bangkok

Department of Environment
Bangkok Metropolitan Administration(BMA)

General Information Brief• Climate is like humid tropical country• The average temperature is 28.1 O C.
• Population: 63,121,000- Government Administration system:
is constitutional monocracy anddivided into 78 provinces

Quick Facts about Bangkok
Pathum Thani

Nonthaburi

Quick Facts About Bangkok
Location:
Established:
Area:
Population:
Population Density:
No. of Districts:
Ethnic Mix:

Average Maximum
Temp:
Average Minimum
Temp:
Annual Rainfall:
Administration:
Head of City:

Central Plain, Thailand
A.D. 1782
1,568.737 sq. km.
5,707,153 (2009)
3,640 persons/sq. km.
(2008)
50 districts
80% Thai, 10% Chinese,10%Others

NakornPathomChachoengsao

SamutSakorn

SamutPrakarn

38.8 c˚ (2009)14.7 c˚ (2009)
1,600 mm.(2009)
1,482 mm.(2006)
Special Administration
Zone
Governor (Elected)

00

Registered population in 2009 ~ 5.7 million
Total population ~10 million

 Population density in the inner areas decreased from 15,270
persons/sq.km. in 1978 to 11,400 persons/sq.km in 2008
 In the outer areas of Bangkok, population density increased during
the same period from 770 persons/sq.km. to 2,400 persons/sq.km. in2008

 However number of non-registered population are still the importantfactor of increasing population density in Bangkok• It reflects that people now trend to live
away from the inner and core city area

The Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR)
Urban development of BMA has outgrown theadministrative boundaries of the BMA
Pathum Thani

Nonthaburi
NakornPathomChachoengsao
12

Samut Prakarn
SamutSakorn

3456

Department of Environment

Office ofSecretaryPolicy &PlanningDivision

Air Quality& Noise
Management
Division

Administration
SectionAdministration
SectionAdministration
Section

Personnel
Sub-division

Planning &Evaluation
Sub-division

Evaluation
Sub-division

Finance
Sub-division

Public Relation
SectionJuristic
Sub-division

PublicParticipation
PromotingSub- division
Information
Communication& Technology
Sub-division

Vehicular
Emission Control
Sub-division

Other Sources
Emission Control
Sub-division

Air Quality &Noise Monitoring
Sub-division
Environmental
Impact study &Analysis
Sub-division

Organization chart of Department of Environment

Solid Waste
Solid Waste
Hazardous
Hazardous
Waste &Waste &Nightsoil
NightsoilManagement
Management
GeneralAdministration
SectionHazardous
Waste
Management
Waste
Management
Cleaning
ServiceNightsoilCollection
On Nut Nightsoil
Treatment Plant

Solid Waste
Disposal
Division

PublicPark Office

Administration
SectionGeneralAdministration
SectionEngineering
sub-division

Park& Tree
TechnicalOn Nut Solid
waste disposal
centerPark design
Sub-division

Nong Khaem
Solid waste
Disposal Center

Planting &Maintenance

Sai Mai Solid
waste Disposal
CenterPlant
Propagation

Nong Khaem
Nightsoil Treatment
Plant

Public Park
Group 1

ResearchResearch
Sub-division
Sub-division

Public Park
Group 2

The key organization on environmentalmanagement and energy conservation to keep Bangkok
admirable ,clean and sound environment

Goal
1. Maintaining air quality and noise level to meet the standard.

2. Expanding green areas target for 4 m2 per capita.
3. Solid waste , nightsoil and hazardous waste management
not impact on environment.

4. Encouragement of participation from all sectors onenvironmental maintenance and energy conservation.

Solid Waste Management

Solid Waste Quantity
 Amount of Waste ~ 8,800 ton/day (2009)Generated rate of solid waste in BMA around 1 kg/capita/day

 Infectious waste ~ 15 ton/day
 Household Hazardous Waste ~ 600 kg/dayWaste Composition at Transfer Stations (2009)
Textiles, 5.52%

Stone and Ceramic, 0.81%
Bone and Shell, 1.54%

Rubber, 1.95%
Food Waste, 44.34%
Non-Recyclable Plastic, 19.18%
Non-Recyclable Paper, 10.70%

Wood and leave waste, 5.67%
Metal, 1.71%
Recyclable Paper, 1.19%

Glass, 2.70%
Foam, 1.44%

Recyclable Plastic, 3.25%

1.Composting waste (50.01%)
2. Recycle Waste (10.29%)
3. Disposable Waste (39.70%)

Solid Wastes Management in Bangkok
Recyclable

Waste generation rate
~ 1 kg/person/dayCollected waste~ 8,800 tons/day

10.29%
Wastecompositionat transferstations
Organic
50.01%

Others
39.70%

Solid Waste Management
 Waste Reduction at Source Waste Collection
 Waste Treatment & Disposal

Waste Reduction at Source
RecycleReduceReuse

Waste Reduction by 3R

Waste Reduction at Source
Cooperation with The Federation of Thai Industry- Waste recycling system in universities (recycling waste 46,047.4 kg.)
- Drop Off Station in department stores and convenient stores (recycling waste21,146.70 kg.)

- Formalization of scavenger (Saleng) groups- Recycling handicrafts competition and marketing- Collection recyclable waste in village (recycling waste 1,839.10 kg.)
- Project on cooperation with convenient stores on waste separation

Waste Reduction at Source
Project on conversion of recyclable waste into new products contest

Activity of tricycle helping environmental conservation

Projects and Activities in Reducing Waste

Launching the project “No Bag, No Baht”

Campaign of using cloth bags instead of plastic bags

Community Based Solid Waste Management :CBM
12 communities cooperate in this year and will extend tomore than 100 communities in next year
1.Changing
1.Changingtrash
trashtotreasure
to treasure

2.2.Compost
Compost3.3.Having
Havingtheir
theirown
own
garbagebins,
garbage bins,

6.Collecting
6.Collectingservice
servicefee.
fee.

5.Reduce
5.Reducethethewaste
wastecollecting
collecting

4.4.Main
Mainroads
roads
withoutbins,
without bins,เจาหนาที่เขตลงพื้นที่พบปะประชาชน และแนะนําแนวคิดการจัดการขยะ โดยแนะนําใหคัดแยกขยะและนํากลับไปใชประโยชนทงั้ วัสดุรีไซเคิล และเศษอาหาร ใหเหลือขยะไปฝงกลบเฉพาะขยะท
กลบเฉพาะขยะทีี่
นําไปแปรรูปใหมไมได รวมถึงแนะนําใหจัดการถังขยะของตนเองในบาน ไมตองตั้งถังขยะหนาบานทําใหถนนปลอดถัง เมื่อขยะนอยลงและไมมีกลิ่นเหม็นจากการหมักเศษอาหารในถัง จึงสามารถลดความถี่ในการจัดเก็บได สวนคาธรรมเนียมสามารถนําเงินที่ขายรีไซเคิลมาชําระได หรือในรายที่มีขยะมากกวา 20 กิโลกรัม/เดือน เมื่อขยะลดลงก็สามารถประเมินคาธรรมเนียมไดตาํ ลงWaste Reduction at Source
Organic waste
Converting organic waste as fertilizer by implementing
at source of waste.
 Compost- Takakura Home Method Liquid- Liquid Organic Fertilizer- Food waste and Yard waste to Produce Fertilizer
 Biogas in BMA’s school

Biogas in BMA’s School
Cooperate with Ministry of Energy 2006 installed another Biogas Tanks in40 schools 2009 installed another Biogas Tanks in40 schools

Biogas in BMA’s School
Enhancing food Waste Separation and Renewable Energy- Capacity Tank

2.5 m3- Food Waste 40 Kg/day- Biogas 2.5 m3 = LPG 1 Kg

Waste Collection

Providing Collection Trucks toReplace the Old ones
1. Compaction Truck- capacity 5 ton : 1,417 trucks- capacity 2 ton : 287 trucks- capacity 8 m3 : 172 trucks
2. Side loading Truck capacity 1.5 ton : 101 trucks
3. Loading container Truck capacity 6 ton : 170 trucks

Total 2,147 Trucks

Waste Collection TruckCollection Time & Places Main streets and minor streets 8.00 pm. to 03.00 am.
 Collection completed by 06.00 am.
 Small roads, lanes, communities daily or every otherday based on location
 Type of waste collection

 - Food waste- Daily or every other day based on location-Recyclable waste - Every Sunday (or once a week)-Hazardous waste - 1st and 15th of month
Food wasteRecyclable waste

Hazardous waste

Hazardous Waste Collection Truck

Solid Waste Management in Bangkok
Solid Waste
8,800 tons/day
On-NutTransferStation
2,300 tons/day

Waste Separation
at Households

Pairoj Sompong
Panich Partnership(Wrapping 16 US$/ton)Panomsarakham
Chachoengsao

Sanitary
Landfill

The KrungthepThanakom.co,ltd(250 US$/ton)

Revenue by selling electricity 0.06
US$ baht/kwh

Incineration Plant
at On-Nut
15 tons/day

Landfill Bottom (ash)Eurowest Engineering .Co,ltd(14 US$/ton)Fertilizer (300t/d)
Revenue by selling fertilizer
63 US$/ton

Compost Plant
1,000 tons/day

Group 79 Co;ltd(13 US$/ton)Nong Kheam
Transfer Station
3,300 tons/day
Wassadupan
Thurakit Co;Ltd.
(11 US$/ton)
SAiMaiTransfer Station(2,200 tons/day)

Kamphaengsan
Nakornpathom

SanitaryLandfill

Waste Treatment and Disposal

1. Sanitary landfill

7,800Tons/dayWaste Treatment and Disposal

2. Composting

1,000

Compost ~ 300 tons/day

Tons/dayWaste Treatment and Disposal
3. Infectious Waste Treatment

Incinerator 15 tons/day x 2 unit

Waste Treatment and Disposal
4. Household Hazardous Waste• Separate: fluorescent lamps, batteries, etc. ~ 600 kg. /day
• Hire Professional Waste Technology (1999) Ltd.

Future Challenges
Waste Collection
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Improve the efficiency of waste collection services.
Designate time for general waste discarding and collection.
Waste collection services for narrow road especially in thecongested communities.
Improve collection routes by using GPS (Global PositioningSystem)
Preparation of a preliminary hazardous waste storage andtreatment system.

Waste Disposal
1. Waste to Energy project.
2. Upgrading sanitary landfills to meet international standards.
3. Integrated solid waste disposal management.
4. Master Plan of Solid Waste treatment in Bangkok.

Future Challenges
Public participation
1.
2.
3.

Establish social network on waste management
Develop tricycle group to help BMA on waste separation
Expand the project of biogas production from organic
waste to cover more target groups.

THANK YOU

http://office.bangkok.go.th/environment