FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
June 19, 2024

2024 BLUE PLANET PRIZE:
ANNOUNCEMENT OF PRIZE LAUREATESThis year marks the 33rd awarding of the Blue Planet Prize, the international environmental award sponsoredby the Asahi Glass Foundation, chaired by Takuya Shimamura. Every year, the Foundation selects two recipients,
individuals or organizations who have made significant contributions to the resolution of global environmental
problems. The Board of Directors has selected the following 2024 Blue Planet Prize laureates.

1．Professor Robert Costanza （USA & Australia） born on September 14, 1950, in the United States
Ecological Economics at the Institute for Global Prosperity, University College London
In a groundbreaking 1997 paper, Professor Costanza and colleagues
demonstrated, for the first time, that the ecosystem services provided by nature tohumans far exceed the economic value of the world's GDP at that time. This
work brought global attention to the previously understated importance of
ecosystem services. As a co-founder of ecological economics, a new field ofstudy that recognizes that the economy is embedded in society and a finite
biosphere, Professor Costanza actively advocates for an ecologically sustainable,
wellbeing society.
2．Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)
Established on April 21, 2012, IPBES secretariat: Bonn (Germany)
IPBES is the leading global authority on the state of knowledge andscience about biodiversity, ecosystem services and nature’s
contributions to people. Their landmark Reports facilitate betterscience-informed policy and action across scales, sectors, andknowledge systems. As growing numbers of companies also
start to evaluate, disclose and improve their impact on theenvironment, businesses are also using the IPBES Reports to
help shape their corporate sustainability strategies and ESG(environmental, social, and governance) activities.
.
Each recipient is presented with a certificate of merit, a commemorative trophy, and 500,000 US dollars in prize money.
• The Award Ceremony is scheduled on Wednesday, October 23, 2024, at Tokyo Kaikan. Commemorative
lectures will be given on October 24 and 26, 2024, at the University of Tokyo and at Kyoto University,
respectively.
• This press release and the photo of each recipient will be published at 11 a.m. on Wednesday June 19 on the websiteof the Asahi Glass Foundation (www.af-info.or.jp/en).

Statements from the Award Recipients upon Notification of Selection
Prof. Robert Constanza
It is indeed a great honor and privilege to be named the winner of the 2024 Blue Planet Prize. The Asahi
Glass Foundation has supported the work of many extraordinary individuals and groups, including manyof my colleagues, in our shared quest to create a better world and I am overjoyed to join their ranks.
My work focuses on understanding our planet as an integrated, complex system. It recognizes that theeconomy is embedded in society and the rest of nature, and it cannot be understood or managed effectively
without this integrated perspective. That is what the transdisciplinary field of ecological economics, which
I helped to create, has been about. In particular, I have worked on understanding, modelling, and valuing
natural capital and the ecosystem services it provides and have shown that their contributions to sustainablehuman wellbeing far exceeds the contributions of marketed goods and services as measured by GDP. I
have also worked to understand and measure the integrated wellbeing of humans and the rest of nature andto create a shared vision of a world that can provide sustainable wellbeing and motivate the changes needed
to get there.
Being awarded the Blue Planet Prize will enable me to continue my work in collaboration with the many
people around the world who all strive for a better, more fair, prosperous, and sustainable future.

Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES)

We are very honoured by the selection of IPBES as one of the winners of the 2024 Blue Planet
Prize. All credit for this prestigious award goes to our thousands of leading scientists andknowledge-holders, from all parts of the world, who so generously volunteer their expertise, time,and enthusiasm to our work. We also thank our 146 member States – for their unflagging support,
and the broader IPBES stakeholder community, whose engagement remains so crucial to thesuccess of our mission.
This accolade is global recognition of the importance of safeguarding and restoring biodiversity
and nature’s contributions to people – through better science, evidence, and options for action.
We offer our deep gratitude to the Asahi Glass Foundation for this honour and for their support
to our efforts. Inspired by this distinction, we will continue our efforts to strengthen science andpolicy for people and nature.

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Report on the Selection Process (2024 Blue Planet Prize)
Nomination forms were sent to approximately 503 nominators in Japan and 847 overseas. By the deadline, we
received a total of 142 nominations. The top three fields represented by the candidates, in order of number, wereecology (39), environmental economics and policy making (25), atmospheric and earth sciences (22). The
candidates represented 39 countries.
The results of the Selection Committee were examined by the Presentation Committee. Then the Board of
Directors formally decided to award the Prize to Professor Robert Costanza and IPBES. The selection committee
chair observed, " This year, both recipients are recognized for their work related to ecosystems. As it happens,
this was coincidental, but we believe it may reflect the growing global sense of urgency about ecosystems,
similar to the issue of climate change."
Laureates (1992-2023)

2008

Claude Lorius (France)
José Goldemberg (Brazil)

Charles D. Keeling (USA)IUCN—The World Conservation
Union (headquartered in Switzerland)2009

Hirofumi Uzawa (Japan)
Nicholas Stern (UK)1994

Eugen Seibold (Germany)
Lester R. Brown (USA)2010James Hansen (USA)Robert Watson (UK)1995

Bert Bolin (Sweden)
Maurice F. Strong (Canada)

2011

Jane Lubchenco (USA)
Barefoot College (India)

1996

Wallace S. Broecker (USA)The M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (India)

2012

1997

James E. Lovelock (UK)Conservation International (head­quartered in the USA)2013

William E. Rees (Canada)
and Mathis Wackernagel (Switzerland)Thomas E. Lovejoy (USA)
Taroh Matsuno (Japan)
Daniel Sperling (USA)1998

Mikhail I. Budyko (Russia)
David R. Brower (USA)

2014

1999

Paul R. Ehrlich (USA)Qu Geping (China)

2015

2000

Theo Colborn (USA)
Karl-Henrik Robèrt (Sweden)
Robert May (Australia)
Norman Myers (UK)
Harold A. Mooney (USA)J. Gustave Speth (USA)

2016

2018

Brian Walker (Australia)
Malin Falkenmark (Sweden)

2003

Gene E. Likens (USA) and F. Herbert Bormann (USA)Vo Quy (Vietnam)

2019

Eric Lambin (Belgium)
Jared Diamond (USA)2004

Susan Solomon (USA)Gro Harlem Brundtland (Norway)

2020

David Tilman (USA)
Simon Stuart (UK)2005

Nicholas Shackleton (UK)
Gordon Hisashi Sato (USA)2021

Veerabhadran Ramanathan (USA)Mohan Munasinghe (Sri Lanka)

2006

Akira Miyawaki (Japan)
Emil Salim (Indonesia)

2022

Jigme Singye Wangchuck, the Fourth King of Bhutan
Stephen Carpenter (USA)2007

Joseph L. Sax (USA)
Amory B. Lovins (USA)2023

Richard Thompson (UK), Tamara Galloway (UK),and Penelope Lindeque (UK)
Debarati Guha-Sapir (Belgium)

1992

Syukuro Manabe (USA)International Institute for Environment andDevelopment (UK)

1993

2001
2002

2017

Herman Daly (USA)
Daniel H. Janzen (USA) and Instituto Nacional de
Biodiversidad (INBio)
Partha Dasgupta (UK)
Jeffrey D. Sachs (USA)Pavan Sukhdev (India)
Markus Borner (Switzerland)
Hans J. Schellnhuber (Germany)
Gretchen C. Daily (USA)For more information, please contact: Toshihiro Tanuma, PhD
THE ASAHI GLASS FOUNDATION
2nd Floor, Science Plaza, 5-3 Yonbancho Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0081 Japan
Phone +81-3-5275-0620, Fax +81-3-5275-0871
e-mail: post@af-info.or.jp, URL: https://www.af-info.or.jp

3Supplementary Information
Profiles of the 2024 Blue Planet Prize Laureates
Professor Robert Costanza
Major research achievements and activities
Professor Robert Costanza is an American-born ecological economist. He is known as one of the founders of
ecological economics1, which recognizes that the human economy is part of a finite biosphere. He establishedthe field along with Herman Daly, an American economist and a 2014 Blue Planet Prize laureate, who pioneered
the concept of a steady-state economy2. In 1989, these two played a central role in founding the International
Society for Ecological Economics (ISEE), with Professor Costanza serving as its inaugural president. and theacademic journal Ecological Economics, with Professor Costanza as its founding editor-in-chief.
In his groundbreaking paper "The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital," published in thescience journal Nature in 1997, Professor Costanza and colleagues conducted the first systematic assessment of
the economic value of 17 ecosystem services4 (water supply, climate regulation, cultural services, etc.) across
16 biomes3 (open ocean, tropical forest, cropland, etc.). His research revealed that the global economic value ofthese services averaged US$33 trillion per year in 1995 (equivalent to US$46 trillion in 2007), with the majorityof this value existing outside the market system. Notably, this figure exceeded the global GDP at the time
(approximately US$18 trillion), drawing widespread attention to the significance of ecosystem services.
Professor Costanza's study highlighted the critical role these services play in supporting human economic
activity and well-being, both directly and indirectly. He argued that these services form a part of the overall
economic value of the planet, but that policy decisions often undervalue ecosystem services due, in part, to theirlack of traditional market valuation.
In 2014, Professor Costanza and colleagues published a follow-up study in the journal Global Environmental
Change titled "Changes in the global value of ecosystem services." The study re-evaluated ecosystem services
and their economic value using the same methodology employed in the 1997 paper. The results showed that theestimated total global value of ecosystem services in 2011 was US$125 trillion/yr (in 2007 dollars). Based onthese estimates, the annual loss of ecosystem services due to land use change between 1997 and 2011 wasestimated to be US$20.2 trillion/yr (in 2007 dollars). The study also emphasized that many ecosystem services
should be considered public goods or common pool resources, and that conventional markets are often notsuitable for their management. Professor Costanza argued for the need to develop new shared common asset
institutions to better account for the value of ecosystem services.
Professor Costanza is a prolific author and scholar with over 600 scientific publications and 30 books to his
name. His work has been cited over 160,000 times on Google Scholar with an h-index of 141, a testament to
his significant contributions to the fields of ecological economics, environmental science, and beyond. He is
the founding editor-in-chief of the journal Ecological Economics and currently serves on the editorial boardsof ten other international journals. Professor Costanza has held distinguished academic positions, including
professorships at Louisiana State University, University of Maryland, University of Vermont, Portland State
University, and the Australian National University, where he also held a Vice-Chancellor’s chair in public
policy. Currently, he is a Professor of Ecological Economics at the Institute for Global Prosperity at
University College London (UCL). He is a Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in Australia and the4Royal Society of Arts (UK), a full member of the Club of Rome and an ambassador of the Wellbeing
Economy Alliance. He continues to conduct research on ecosystem service valuation, integrated modelling ofsocioecological systems, and indicators of societal and ecosystem wellbeing. He also makes policy
recommendations for inclusive and sustainable wellbeing.

Academic and Career Background2022-Present
Professor of Ecological Economics at the Institute for Global Prosperity (IGP),
University College London, UK
2013-2022
Professor and Vice Chancellor’s Chair in Public Policy, Crawford School of Public
Policy, Australian National University, Australia
2010-2012
Distinguished University Professor of Sustainability, Institute for Sustainable
Solutions, Portland State University, Portland, USA
2009-Present Senior Research Fellow, Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm, Sweden
2002-2010
Professor and Founding Director, Gund Institute of Ecological Economics,
Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, The University ofVermont, USA
1988-2002
Center for Environmental Science and College of Life Sciences, University of
Maryland, USA
1984-1988
Associate Professor, Center for Wetland Resources, Louisiana State University, USA
1979
Ph.D. University of Florida, USA, (Systems Ecology, Environmental Engineering
Sciences, minor in Economics)
1974
MA University of Florida, USA, (Architecture/Urban and Regional Planning)
1973
BA (with honors) University of Florida, USA, (Architecture)
Notes:
1. Ecological economics
Ecological economics is a transdisciplinary field that combines ecological and economic concepts andmethodologies with other disciplines and stakeholders to study the interrelationships between ecosystems andeconomic systems in the broadest sense. It views economic activities within the limits of nature in a wholesystems context and values ecosystem services and biodiversity as key contributors to sustainable humanwellbeing. It shares some methods and goals with environmental economics, but takes a broader more ‘ecological’or whole systems perspective that recognizes that unlimited material growth on a finite planet is not sustainable
or desirable and prioritizes the coexistence of a healthy environment and a sustainable wellbeing economy.
2. Steady-state economy
A steady-state economy is an economic system that aims for a sustainable society without prioritizing
economic growth, while maintaining a constant population, capital stock, and resource and energy
consumption. In contrast to the traditional economic growth model, which raises concerns about
environmental degradation and resource depletion, steady-state economy aims to improve people's living
standards through efficiency gains and technological innovation while keeping the scale of economic activity
within safe planetary boundaries.
3. 16 biomes
A biome is a large-scale ecological unit on Earth with distinct biological communities and vegetation types
that are adapted to specific climatic conditions and topography. The economic value was estimated for the 16
biomes shown below in the paper:

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Open ocean, Estuaries, Seagrass/algae bed, Coral reefs, Shelf, Tropical forest, Temperate/boreal forest,
Grass/rangelands, Tidal marsh/mangroves, Swamps/floodplains, Lakes/rivers, Desert, Tundra, Ice/rock,
Cropland, and Urban
Among the 16 biomes studied, the top three biomes with the highest economic value were the open ocean(US$8.3 trillion), shelf (US$4.2 trillion), and estuaries (US$4.1 trillion), compared to the average global valueof annual ecosystem services of US$33.2 trillion.
4. 17 Ecosystem services
1 Gas regulation: Regulation of atmospheric chemical composition
2 Climate regulation: Regulation of global temperature, precipitation, and other biologically mediatedclimatic processes at global or local levels.
3 Disturbance regulation: Capacitance, damping and integrity of ecosystem response to environmental
fluctuations.
4 Water regulation: Regulation of hydrological flows.
5 Water supply: Storage and retention of water
6 Erosion control and sediment retention: Retention of soil within an ecosystem.
7 Soil formation: Soil formation processes.
8 Nutrient cycling: Storage, internal cycling, processing, and acquisition of nutrients.
9 Waste treatment: Recovery of mobile nutrients and removal or breakdown of excess or xenic nutrients andcompounds.
10 Pollination: Movement of floral gametes.
11 Biological control: Trophic-dynamic regulations of populations.
12 Refugia: Habitat for resident and transient populations.
13 Food production: That proportion of gross primary production extractable as food.
14 Raw materials: That proportion of gross primary production extractable as raw materials.
15 Genetic resources: Sources of unique biological materials and products.
16 Recreation: Providing opportunities for recreational activities.
17 Cultural: Providing opportunities for non-commercial uses.
Among the 16 biomes studied, the top three ecosystem services with the highest economic value were thenutrient cycling (US$17.0 trillion), cultural (US$3.0 trillion), and waste treatment (US$2.2 trillion), comparedto the average global value of annual ecosystem services of US$33.2 trillion.

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Profiles of the 2024 Blue Planet Prize Laureates
Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services(IPBES)
Major activities
The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is aninternational body that assesses the state of knowledge about biodiversity1 and nature’s contributions to people2.
Established in 2012, it has 146 member States (as of May 2024). IPBES conducts expert scientific assessments,
drawing on expertise and evidence from around the world, through an inclusive and transparent process thatutilizes the best available knowledge from the natural and social sciences, as well as from a wide range ofknowledge systems, including extensive contributions from indigenous and local knowledge. The results ofthese assessments help guide decision-making, policy and action at all levels and across all scales – from theG7 and G20, to the World Economic Forum, national Governments, the private sector, research institutions andeven community and individual action. The work of IPBES is also central in the international efforts andnegotiations under a range of multilateral organisations – especially the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
and the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD3) but also including, among others, the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES), the Ramsar Convention on
Wetlands, the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) and the United Nations Convention to Combat
Desertification (UNCCD). Additionally, IPBES plays a crucial role to inform the shaping of regional, national,
and subnational environmental policies. IPBES is sometimes referred to as the “IPCC4 for biodiversity,”
analogous to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which carries out similar work, but in thefield of climate change.
In its 2019 Global Assessment Report, IPBES explored the concept of "Nature's Contributions to People (NCP)"
as part of a broad analytical and conceptual framework that encompasses ecosystem services. While ecosystemservices link individual service categories to human well-being, NCP considers both positive and negative
impacts of organisms and ecosystems on the quality of human life. This includes positive aspects, such as foodprovision and water purification, as well as more negative aspects, such as disease transmission and predation.
Because the relative values of NCP depend significantly on context and culture, IPBES emphasizes theimportance of presenting key messages and policy options that are relevant to the widest possible range ofdecision-makers. This is partly achieved through the inclusions of diverse perspectives, knowledge and values,
rather than relying solely on a Western-centric viewpoint. Such an approach is crucial for promoting biodiversity
conservation, restoration, and sustainable development.
IPBES's assessments, which have received widespread acclaim and significantly contributed to theadvancement of biodiversity science and policy, have raised global awareness and led directly to global action
on the biodiversity crisis. Here are some of the key IPBES Reports published in recent years:“The Assessment Report on Invasive Alien Species and their Control (2023)”
Invasive alien species are one of the five major direct drivers of biodiversity loss globally. This Report showedthat more than 80% of their impacts are negative, with 60% of global species extinctions having been caused

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solely or mainly by invasive alien species, and with a total annual global cost of more than US$423 billion. The
Report identified management and policy options to tackle these rising challenges.
“The Assessment Report on the Diverse Values and Valuation of Nature (2022)”
The central message of this Report was that decisions based on a narrow set of market values of nature underpin
the global biodiversity crisis. Economic and political decisions have predominantly prioritised market-based
instrumental values of nature, such as food produced intensively, but these values don’t properly reflect howchanges in nature affect people’s quality of life. The Report introduced a new, comprehensive typology ofnature’s values, providing decision-makers with concrete tools and methods to better consider the diverse values
that individuals and communities hold about nature.
“The Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (2019)”
This report alerted the world to the extremely alarming loss of global biodiversity, occurring at a rateunprecedented in human history, with one million species of plants and animals facing extinction, many within
decades. It identified and ranked the five most important direct drivers of biodiversity loss, and explored thekind of transformative change that will be needed to address these challenges. It was the most successfulenvironmental report launch ever to that date, raising the profile of the biodiversity crisis to the same levels asthat of climate change. The findings served as a scientific basis for the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity
Framework, adopted by Parties to the CBD in Montreal in 2022 as the global targets for nature over the coming
decade.
“The Assessment Report on Pollinators, Pollination and Food Production (2016)”
This report highlighted that pollinators such as bees and butterflies are declining worldwide. It underscored that
this decline poses a severe threat to food security, as pollination is essential for producing many fruits,
vegetables, and crops. The Ministry of the Environment of Japan incorporated findings from this report, alongwith others, into its National Biodiversity Strategy 2023-2030.
In recent years, there has been a growing movement for companies to address biodiversity conservation andrestoration through the framework of the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD5), which
evaluates and discloses the impact of business activities on the natural environment and biodiversity. The IPBESAssessment Reports have also influenced corporate sustainability strategies and ESG6 (Environmental, Social,and Governance) activities. For instance, the report titled “Nature Risk Rising: Why the Crisis Engulfing Nature
Matters for Business and the Economy,” published by the World Economic Forum (WEF7) in 2020, emphasizes
the importance of biodiversity for businesses based on the IPBES 2019 Global Assessment Report.
History of the establishment of IPBES
1992

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was adopted at the United Nations Conference
on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Earth Summit.

2001-2005

The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) was conducted under the leadership of theUnited Nations.

82005-2007

The International Mechanism of Scientific Expertise on Biodiversity (IMoSEB) conductedconsultations.

2010

At the 3rd ad hoc intergovernmental and multi-stakeholder meeting on an IPBES held in
Busan, Korea, the need for the establishment of IPBES was generally agreed upon (Busan
Outcome Document).

Oct. 2010

The Aichi Targets were adopted at the 10th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to theConvention on Biological Diversity (CBD-COP10).

Apr. 2012

IPBES was officially established in Panama City with 94 countries as founding members.

Notes
1. Biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, encompassing the diversity of species and individual
populations. This concept highlights the coexistence of diverse organisms on Earth, forming interconnectedecosystems. There are three levels of biodiversity: species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
2. Nature’s contributions to People
Nature’s contributions to people refers to all the contributions that humanity obtains from nature,including ecosystems goods and services and negative contributions such as pests, pathogens, or predators.
They can be classified in three broad categories:
1. Nature’s regulating contributions to people refers to functional and structural aspects of organisms andecosystems that modify the environmental conditions experienced by people, and/or sustain and/or
regulate the generation of material and non-material contributions. For example, these contributions
include water purification, climate regulation and the regulation of soil erosion.
2. Nature’s material contributions to people refers to substances, objects or other material elements fromnature that sustain people’s physical existence and the infrastructure (i.e. the basic physical andorganizational structures and facilities, such as buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for theoperation of a society or enterprise. They are typically physically consumed in the process of being
experienced, such as when plants or animals are transformed into food, energy, or materials for shelteror ornamental purposes.
3. Nature’s non-material contributions to people refers to nature’s contribution to people’s subjective or
psychological quality of life, individually and collectively. The entities that provide these intangible
contributions can be physically consumed in the process (e.g., animals in recreational or ritual fishingor hunting) or not (e.g., individual trees or ecosystems as sources of inspiration).
3. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), adopted in 1992, is the international agreement with threeobjectives: "the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components, and the fair andequitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources." As of 2019, the convention has
been ratified by 196 nations. The Conference of the Parties (COP) to the Convention meets every two years toreview progress, set priorities, and ensure that work plans are being implemented responsibly.

94. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
The IPCC is an organization that assesses the scientific, technical, and socioeconomic information relevant tounderstanding the human-induced climate change, its impacts, and options for adaptation and mitigation.
Established in 1988 by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment
Programme (UNEP), the IPCC regularly produces assessment reports prepared by scientists and experts. These
reports serve as critical informational resources for policymakers.
5. Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD)The Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD), an international initiative, provides a risk
management and disclosure framework for organizations to identify, assess, manage, and disclose naturerelated issues. The framework includes disclosures covering nature-related dependencies, impacts, risks, andopportunities. TNFD aims to support a shift in global finance flows away from nature-negative outcomes andtoward more nature-positive outcomes. TNFD is positioned as a nature-focused equivalent to the Task Forceon Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), through which large companies are increasingly disclosing
climate change risk information.
6. ESG
ESG refers to three key perspectives (principles) that are crucial for the sustainable development of bothbusinesses and society:・Environmental: The impact of corporate activities on the environment.
・Social: The impact of corporate activities on society, including human rights, safety, and relationships withlocal communities.
・Governance: The soundness of a company's management system, encompassing fairness, accountability, andtransparency.
Companies can promote sustainable growth and contribute to society by prioritizing ESG in their management
practices.
7. World Economic Forum (WEF)
The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international organization that works to improve the state of theworld through public-private cooperation. It engages with leaders from business, politics, academia, and otherkey stakeholders to shape global, regional, and industry agendas. The World Economic Forum Annual Meeting,held in Davos, Switzerland, brings together top CEOs, government officials, and international organization
leaders to discuss solutions to global challenges. The Forum was founded in 1971 as a non-profit foundationand is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

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