Implementing a full green open accesspolicy at Inria – the reasons ofsuccess
Laurent Romary
Inria, director for scientific information and cultureOverview• The general context: Scientific information policies and the French
open science plans• The French national repository HAL – covering all higher education
and research institutions• A focus on Inria and its open science policy• Lessons learnt

Scientific information and open science — why do
we need national and institutional policies?
• Supporting researchers inmanaging and communicating
scientific research productions• Publications, data, software• At the service of science and mankind• Impact• Visibility, citability, measure• Scientific transparency• Proving, comparing, reproducing• Quality• Formats, metadata, authorities• Researchers/library specialists• Budget control• Subscriptions, APCs, investments• Ensuring our (digital) sovereignty• Setting up a corpus of our researchproductions• Sustainable public infrastructures,text and data mining, indicators

Open science: (French) national context• 2016: Loi pour une république numérique (Lemaire)••

Allows self archiving with maximal embargo periods for accepted authors’
manuscripts
Open data became mandatory for all publicly funded data, including researchdata• 2018: Premier plan national pour la science ouverte• Creation of French Open Science Committee• Setting up a National Open Science Fund• 2021: Deuxième plan national pour la science ouverte••

New action plan with 70+ items
The pillars of open science: publications, research data, research source codesand software, transforming scholarly practices

https://www.ouvrirlascience.fr/second-national-plan-for-open-science/

Main infrastructures for open science• HAL – the multidisciplinary national publication repository• Publications, theses, reports etc. (1 million+ documents, 3 million+ references)• Additional services: conference management, overlay journal platform (Episciences)• Inria is one of the hosting institutions of HAL (with CNRS and INRAe)• Software Heritage – the international repository that collects, preserves,and shares all software that is publicly available in source code form
• Harvests all (GitHub, Gitlab etc.) open software forges - 2 billion+ source files• Collaboration with Unesco• Inria is a co-founder to SH – e.g. linking HAL and Software Heritage• Recherche Data Gouv – the national open research data repository• Initiated by the French national committee for open science• Dataverse solution - set up by INRAe• Officially on air since 8 July 2022-

The multidisciplinary
open archive
for French research

HAL in 5 five key points
A public, sustainable andaccountable infrastructure

A community-driven governance

A pooling platform that ensures cost
control and innovation

An ever-growing multidisciplinary
archive with more than
1M full-text documents
A range of services for researchers
and research performing organisations

1 331 434 fu ll t e xt d o cu m e n t s a s o f 2024-04-24

8

Core principles

HAL core principles

••
••

9

Soveraign data
hosting, backup andlong-termpreservation (CCin2p3, CINES)
Open Source code
Community driven
governanceBusiness model(institutional supportand projects financing)•••Documentary,technical and legal
check before online
publication
Respect for theauthorship of thedocument
Alignement withreference data and useof identifiers (ORCID,idHAL, ROR, projectcodes, etc.)••••

Transfer of deposits toArXiv andPubMedCentral
Provision of files in the
REPEC database.
Completion of theORCID accountDisplay of publishers'
policies regarding selfarchiving (SherpaRoméo)••••

OAI-PMH repository
and API
Exposure of data in
RDF (triplestoreDataHAL)
Search engines(Google Scholar,Google, PubMed via
Linkout, Isidore)
International
directories (OpenDoar)Benefits of the HAL (centralized) model

Cost savings
Using HAL free up
universities resources sothat they can focus on theircore functions-----------------------• Daily management of thefront and back office• Design and IT developments• SEO• Authentication and accesscontrol• Modernizing of legacy• Input quality control• Provision of user help

10Regulatorycompliance

Innovation

Resiliency

Simplification of compliancewith numerous and evolving
standards and protocols-----------------------

Network and collaborative
ecosystem accelerate theadoption of next-generation
technologies and the addingof new services-----------------------

Use and implementation
within HAL of standardized
processes and goodpractices-----------------------• Alignment with authority
files and adding of PIDs(ORCID, ISNI, ROR, etc.)• Compliance with funders(ANR, OpenAire)• Certification (CTS in process)• Open APIs, RDF, OAI-PMH,Sword, Notify• Overlay services(Episciences)• Interoperability withinternational OR (PMC,arXiv, RePeC, SWH)
• Research CV• Statistics and Altmetrics• Collections of publications• Automated completion of
the bibliographic metadata• Reference data
• Long term preservation of
the publications (OAIS)• Redundant systems• Stability of the URLs
• Citability

1 national open archive, 141 institutional portals

92%of French universities
use HAL11

Open Science at Inria – acomprehensive policy

The underlying vision
4,400

Centers
8 Researchin FrancePeople(60 % paid by Inria)

Scientificpublications

4,450

1,000 Doctoral students
100 Post-Doctoral
300 R&D engineers

3,500
Scientists

41 International
conferences

66 Internationalteams

180 Project teams 250

Active patents

A BUDGET OF€ 265M

Objectives of Inria’s scientific information policy• Maximising the dissemination of our scientific assets (visibility and swift
communication of knowledge), for a reasonable price• Constitution of a reliable and sovereign institutional corpus (documentation,preservation, access), with clear public governance principles• Contribution to shaping the scientific communication landscape in terms ofeditorial processes and usage made of scientific productions

Inria scientific information policy in concreteterms• Deposit mandate on all scientific publications(in HAL, CC-BY)• Research data support group• Central budget for APCs (aka SIS - Supervisedinjection sites)• Printed material as disposable goods• Condition to appear in annual research reports• Encouragement towards preprints• Forbidding hybrid open access• Publisher’s PDF to be deposited in HAL (withequal licence)• Management of a national dashboard of costs andjournals (OpenAPC)• No refunding requests to funders (FR, EU)• Engaging in developing new publication models
and infrastructure• Data management plan, support to the use of thenew Recherche Data Gouv infrastructure• National network of scientific contacts/champions
for research data
• Creation of a central collection of reference works• On going digitization of legacy publications (onHAL)• Engaging in text and data mining• Contribution to the national open science monitor• Software and data set citations• Editorial support to Episciences based journals• Investment and support to Software Heritage• Editorialization (IFIP DL, conferences)

See an overview under: https://www.inria.fr/en/open-science-inria-roleA successful policy Metadata record only
Full text in other repositories(arXiv, PMC)

Full text in HAL

Full text availability rate for Inria publications in HAL for all publication types

Lessons learnt - 1• Patience…

• From encouraging deposit (from 2005 onwards) to deposit mandate (since 2013)• Setting up library teams• Working hand in hand with researchers• Providing services• E.g. one deposit – multiple usages (reporting, web page, bibliographies/exports)• Main difficulty : having a coherent policy• « What goes in the annual report has to be in HAL »• Being flexible with borderline cases (book chapters, books, multiple non-Inriaauthors)• Importance of an underlying legal framework• French right of secondary publication (Loi pour une république numérique, 2016)

Lessons learnt - 2• Importance of a coherent scientific information policy endorsed at all levels
within an institution• Management: understanding the added value of open science (reliability, visibility,efficiency)• Researchers: must be directly involved in the implementation of the policy andbenefit from services• Library staff: dedicated to providing support, ensuring quality and coverage• Mastering all aspects of scientific information• Publications, data and software, and related authorities (authors, affiliations)• Peer review, reporting and assessment• Research cartography, text and data mining, machine learning• And costs!

Next steps for France• Getting more institutions in the deposit mandate loop
• The relation to reporting is key• Systematizing deposit for all open access content• Open works detector: e.g. articles in open access journals• Providing a dashboard of the progress made• Open science monitor – publications, data sets and software• Working on diamond open access platforms• E.g. Episciences: overlay journals on publication repositories

Merci de votre attention !