Contents
1. Foreword ........................................................................................................... 2
2. History ............................................................................................................... 4
3. Organization ..................................................................................................... 5
4. Staff ................................................................................................................... 6
5. Committee of Other Organizations ................................................................10
6. Joint Research Programs ...............................................................................12
Lists of Accepted Proposals/ Lists of Collaboration Resources

7. Governance .....................................................................................................16
Advisory Board/ Collaborative Research Committee/ Joint Research Technical Committee/ Steering
Committee of the Center for International Collaborative Research/ Steering Committee of the Center for
Integrated Data Science/ Steering Committee of the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Research

8. Finance.............................................................................................................21
External Funding and Industry–Academia–Government Collaborations/ Library/ Properties

9. Research Topics ..............................................................................................23
9-1 Research Divisions ................................................................................................................................... 24
Division for Integrated Studies/ Cosmic-Ray Research/ Heliospheric Research/ Ionospheric andMagnetospheric Research/ Meteorological and Atmospheric Research/ Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research/
Chronological Research

9-2 Research Centers...................................................................................................................................... 52
Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR)/ Integrated Data Science (CIDAS)/ Orbital andSuborbital Observations (COSO)

9-3 Interdisciplinary Researches ................................................................................................................... 58
Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research/ Space–Earth Environment Prediction/ the Interaction of
Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres/ Aerosol and Cloud Formation

10. Publications and Presentations .....................................................................66
Papers (in refereed Journals, April 2017–March 2018)/ Books (April 2017–March 2018)/ Publication ofProceedings/ Conference Presentations (April 2017–March 2018)/ Awards

11. Education ......................................................................................................... 90
Graduate Programs/ Number of Students Supervised by ISEE Staff/ Faculty Members/ Undergraduate Education

12. International Relations .................................................................................... 93
Academic Exchange/ Research Projects/ Visitors from Foreign Institutes/ Seminars by Foreign Visitors

13. Outreach ........................................................................................................ 111
Public Lectures, Open Labs, and School Visits

1. Foreword

1. Foreword
The Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research(ISEE) was launched in October 2015 by merging three institutesof Nagoya University: the Solar Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory, the Center for Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research,and the Center for Chronological Research. These research
institutes have been at the forefront of scientific research in their
specific research disciplines. With the merging of the three
institutes, the ISEE functions as a new center for interdisciplinary
space–Earth research. The mission of the ISEE is to clarify themechanisms and mutual relationships of the Earth, the Sun, andcosmic space, treating them as a seamless system and to benefit
humanity by resolving issues in the global environment and contributing to the advances of space exploration. To thisend, the institute has pursued collaborative research efforts with related facilities to develop integrated research
opportunities. In particular, the ISEE plays an important role as the Joint Usage and Joint Research Centers in Japanthrough the following various programs, the International Research Program, the ISEE International Joint Research
Program, and the ISEE/CICR International Workshop. We also engage in broader efforts such as general collaboration,
student encouragement, symposiums, computing infrastructure, database management, accelerator mass spectrometry
analysis, and carbon 14 analysis service research. In FY 2017, 270 research projects were conducted under this framework,with many exciting outcomes and new results.

The ISEE continues to actively promote international collaborative research. This year, 219 foreign researchers wereinvited to carry out joint research and seminars both inside and outside of the institute. The ISEE hosted international
workshops in which experts from around the world were invited to intensively discuss topical issues and publish international
coauthored papers. In FY 2017, the ISEE hosted two international workshops on the Benchmarks for Operational Solar Flare
Forecasts and the Prediction of Solar Cycle 25. International joint research activity is expected to be a valuable step in future
research development.
This year, we established the ISEE Award to foster a new type of interdisciplinary research. The ISEE Award recognizes
excellent ISEE collaborative research. Nominations are accepted regardless of affiliation or nationality. Based on a wide
range of recommendations from many related communities, the first winner of the ISEE Award will be determined based onstrict selection guidelines. It is our hope that the ISEE Award will encourage the development of future space–Earthenvironmental research.
The ISEE is organized by basic research divisions, consisting of seven research groups and three centers: the Center forInternational Collaborative Research, the Center for Integrated Data Science, and the Center for Orbital and Suborbital
Observation. The ISEE is currently promoting four interdisciplinary research projects: the Project for Solar-Terrestrial
Climate Research, the Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction, the Project for the Interaction of Neutral andPlasma Atmosphere, and the Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation. These projects are being carried out in cooperation
with nationwide collaborative research supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research program of the Ministry of2Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research1. Foreword

Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). For example, the Aerosol and Cloud Formation groupcompleted Japan’s first typhoon measurement using an aircraft; they flew over Typhoon No. 21, directly entering the eye ofthe typhoon to acquire valuable data. In addition to interdisciplinary research projects, the ISEE has contributed to significant
progress in science. For instance, the Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) II telescope, operated by the ISEEand the University of Canterbury Mount John Observatory in New Zealand succeeded in observing the visible afterglow ofa neutron star merger, first detected by gravitational wave measurements on 17 August 2017. We were very pleased that the
ISEE was able to contribute to this historic discovery.
The ISEE strives to nurture young minds through new perspectives and integrated and international partnerships. In
particular, the ISEE cooperates with the Graduate School of Science, Graduate School of Engineering, and Graduate Schoolof Environmental Studies of Nagoya University to offer a unique educational opportunity in which graduate students fromthe three graduate schools collaborate on research of mutual interest. Through the ISEE, these students also participate ininternational research activities.
At the ISEE, we are actively working on outreach programs to promote public awareness of our research and contributeto science education. In FY 2017, we held an open lecture on the theme of "New Measurement of the Earth" in December
and conducted an open laboratory at the University Festival (Meidai-Sai) in June. In August, we also carried out an open
seminar "Explosive Phenomena in Space" in conjunction with the Graduate School of Science, a summer school forelementary school students in the Tokai region to learn about the history of the Earth, as well as an open house at the Kiso
Observatory. We made a presentation at the Nagoya University Homecoming Day event in October. We also cooperated withorganizers in presenting the Science Festival for Young People in the city of Tarumizu, Kagoshima prefecture (the locationof the ISEE Observatory) in December. We created a video to explain ISEE research in an easy-to-understand manner for
the ISEE homepage and YouTube viewing. Future efforts will include the distribution of postcards providing information
about video access to ISEE research, as well as scientific booklets for high school students in Aichi prefecture.
Modern society is undergoing drastic changes and civilization is rapidly evolving in an unprecedented manner at the
global scale. The ISEE views the Sun, Earth, and space as a seamless system and it is crucial that people understand thedelicate balance and mechanisms of this system and their role in its protection and sustainable development as mankind
spreads throughout the solar system. The ISEE will therefore continue with its mission to help resolve global environmental
issues and advance space exploration by elucidating the mechanisms and interactions of various phenomena occurring
therein. It is our hope that this annual report has highlighted some of the more recent ISEE activities. We look forward to
your continued support and cooperation in future research efforts.
Kanya Kusano
Director

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 3

2. History

2. History
Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory

Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center (HyARC)

May, 1949

April, 1957

Research Institute of Atmospherics,
Nagoya University was established.

April, 1958

Cosmic-ray Research Laboratory,
Faculty of Science, Nagoya University
was established.

The Nagoya University Centerfor Chronological Research

The Water Research Laboratory,
Faculty of Science, Nagoya
University was established.

September, 1973

The Water Research Institute (WRI),
Nagoya University was organized.

February, 1981

The Tandetron Accelerator Laboratory
was established in the Radioisotope
Research Center of Nagoya University.

March, 1982

Installation of the Tandetron
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry(AMS) machine No.1 was completed.

January, 1987

June, 1990

The Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory (STEL) was established.

April, 1995

The Center for Joint Observations andData Processing was organized.

Inter-University Service of C
measurements was started with theTandetron AMS machine No.1.

April, 1993

The Institute for HydrosphericAtmospheric Sciences (IHAS),
Nagoya University was organized.

14

June, 1990

The Nagoya University Dating andMaterial Research Center was
established.

March, 1997

The Tandetron AMS machine No. 2
was newly introduced.

April, 2001
April, 2003

The Rikubetsu Observatory wasorganized.

The Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center (HyARC), Nagoya
University was established.

April, 2004

April, 2000

The Nagoya University Center for
Chronological Research wasorganized.The CHIME dating system
was transferred from the School of
Science.

The Geospace Research Center was
established.

March, 2006

Laboratory was relocated to the
Higashiyama Campus.

April, 2010

Approved as one of the Joint
Usage/Research Centers.

April, 2010

Approved as one of the Joint
Usage/Research Centers.

October, 2015,

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), merging the laboratory
and two centers, was established.
January, 2016ISEE was approved as one of the Joint Usage/Research Centers.

4

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research3. Organizaiton

3. Organization
Research Department

Integrated Studies

Advisory
Board

Director

Cosmic-Ray
Research
Faculty Council

HeliosphericResearch
Ionospheric andMagnetospheric Research

Vice
Directors
Collaborative
Research Committee

Meteorological andAtmospheric Research
Land–Ocean
Ecosystem Research
ChronologicalResearchCenter for International
Collaborative Research
Moshiri Observatory
Rikubetsu
Observatory
Fuji Observatory
Kagoshima
Observatory
Center for Integrated Data Science

Center for Orbital and Suborbital
Observations
Technical Support Divisions(Technical Center of Nagoya University)

Library
Library, SolarTerrestrial Sciences(ISEE Libary #1)
Library, HydrosphericAtmospheric Sciences(ISEE Library #2)

Administrative Department

Committees

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research54. Staff

4. Staff
Director

Kanya Kusano

Vice Directors

Joji Ishizaka

Vice Directors

Kazuo Shiokawa

Division for Integrated Studies
Professor

Shinobu Machida ▲Professor

Kanya Kusano (✱)

Associate Professor

Satoshi Masuda

Associate Professor

Yoshizumi Miyoshi (✱)

Designated Associate Professor

Shinji Saito *1

Lecturer

Takayuki Umeda (✱)

Assistant Professor

Akimasa Ieda

Assistant Professor

Shinsuke Imada *2

Researcher

Haruhisa Iijima

Research Institution Researcher

Yasunori Tsugawa ▲Research Institution Researcher

Takuma Matsumoto ○▲Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members
Visiting Professor

Kiyoto Shibasaki*1 Belongs to Graduate School of Science*2 Lecturer after February 2018

Division for Cosmic-Ray Research

Division for Heliospheric Research
Professor

Munetoshi Tokumaru

Associate Professor

Kazumasa Iwai ○Assistant Professor

Ken-ichi Fujiki

Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research
Professor

Masafumi Hirahara

Professor

Kazuo Shiokawa (✱)

Associate Professor

Yuichi Otsuka

Associate Professor

Satonori Nozawa

Associate Professor

Nozomu Nishitani (✱)

Lecturer

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Designated Assistant Professor

Atsuki Shinbori ○Researcher

Mitsuru Matsumura

Research Institution Researcher

Neethal Thomas ○Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members
Visiting Associate Professor

Yasunobu Ogawa

Visiting Associate Professor

Yoshifumi Saito

Professor

Yoshitaka Itow

Visiting Associate Professor

Ayako Matsuoka

Professor

Hiroyasu Tajima (✱)

JSPS Postdoctral Fellowship for

Cai Lei ▲Research in Japan

Associate Professor

Kimiaki Masuda ▲Associate Professor

Yutaka Matsubara

Associate Professor

Fumio Abe (✱)

Professor

Akira Mizuno

Associate Professor

Fusa Miyake ○Professor

Nobuhiro Takahashi (✱)

Designated Associate Professor

Kazutaka Yamaoka *1

Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki (✱)

Lecturer

Takashi Sako ▲Professor

Yutaka Matsumi (✱) ▲Assistant Professor

Akira Okumura *2

Associate Professor

Tomoo Nagahama

Designated Assistant Professor

Hiroaki Menjo *1

Associate Professor

Hirohiko Masunaga

Researcher

Yoshinori Sasai ○Associate Professor

Taro Shinoda (✱)

Technical Assistant

Kinji Morikawa

Lecturer

Tomoki Nakayama ▲Technical AssistantNobuhito Yamane ○▲Assistant Professor

Taku Nakajima

Designated Assistant Professor

Tadayasu Ohigashi ▲Researcher

Yoshiki Fukutomi ▲Researcher

Fumie Furuzawa

Technical AssistantKazuji Suzuki ▲Technical AssistantSeina Ishida ○▲*1 Belongs to Graduate School of Science*2 Lecturer after March 20186

April 1, 2017–March 31, 2018✱：Concurrent post▲: Left the Institute in the 2017 academic year○: Joined the Institute in the 2017 academic year

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research4. Staff

Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research
Professor

Joji Ishizaka

Designated Professor

Professor

Tetsuya Hiyama (✱)

Designated Professor

Stephen Michael Playfer ○Associate Professor

Hidenori Aiki

Designated Professor

Associate Professor

Naoyuki Kurita ○Sergey Anatolievich
Tyul'bashev ○▲Associate Professor

Nozomu Nishitani

Lecturer

Hatsuki Fujinami

Associate Professor

Assistant Professor

Yoshihisa Mino

Naoyuki Kurita (✱)○

Shun Ohishi ○Associate Professor

Satonori Nozawa (✱)

Researcher

Zhu Yuanli ○Designated Associate Professor

Research Institution Researcher

Bich Thuy Ly ○▲Designated Associate Professor

Surendra Kumar Dhaka ○▲Lecturer

Takashi Sako (✱)▲

Lecturer

Hatsuki Fujinami (✱)

Designated Assistant Professor

Masaki Nishino *1

Designated Assistant Professor

Taro Nakai ○Researcher

Hironari Kanamori

Researcher

Park Sung-Hong ○Divison for Chronological Research
Professor

Masaki Enami

Professor

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Associate Professor

Masayo Minami

Associate Professor

Takenori Kato (✱)

Associate Professor

Kimiaki Masuda (✱)▲

Assistant Professor

Hirotaka Oda

Research Institution Researcher

Naoyuki Kurita ▲Research Institution Researcher

Fumiko W. Nara ▲Research Institution Researcher

Masako Yamane ○Technical Assistant

Masami Nishida

Technical AssistantYuriko Hibi

Technical Assistant

Miyo Yoshida ▲Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members
Toshio Nakamura

Center for International Collaborative Research
Director • Professor

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Tetsuya Hiyama

Professor

Masaki Enami (✱)

Professor

Akira Mizuno (✱)

Designated Professor

Ioannis Daglis ○▲Designated Professor

Joaquim Ignacio Goes ○▲Designated Professor

Joseph Benjamin Harold
Baker ▲

Designated Professor

K. D. Leka ○Designated Professor

Lee Zhongping ○Designated Professor

Lynn Marie Kisteler ○Designated Professor

Martin Gerard Connors ▲Maria Fatima Helga Do
Rosario Gomes ○▲Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members
Visiting Professor

Hiroyuki Shinagawa

Visiting Professor

Yoshinobu Harazono

Visiting Professor

Park Hotaek

Visiting Professor

Tomoomi Kumagai ○Moshiri Observatory
Technical AssistantYuuji Ikegami ▲Technical Assistant

Masayuki Sera ▲Foreign Visiting Research Fellow (Visiting Professor)
March 1 – May 31, 2017

Bernhard Kliem

May 1 – June 10, 2017

Sarma Venkata Subrahmanya
Srinivasa Vedula*1 Belongs to Graduate School of Engineering, Designated Lecturer after
August 2017

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research75. Staff

Center for Integrated Data Science
Director • Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki ○Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members

Professor

Kanya Kusano

Visiting Professor

Yoshiya Kasahara

Professor

Joji Ishizaka (✱)

Visiting Professor

Kanako Seki

Professor

Shinobu Machida (✱)▲

Visiting Associate Professor

Ryouhei Kano

Associate Professor

Fumio Abe

Visiting Associate Professor

Iku Shinohara

Associate Professor

Takenori Kato

Visiting Associate Professor

Hirohisa Hara

Associate Professor

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Visiting Associate Professor

Daiko Shiota ○Associate Professor

Satoshi Masuda (✱)*1*2

Associate Professor

Hirohiko Masunaga (✱)

Designated Associate Professor

Tomoaki Hori ○Lecturer

Takayuki Umeda

Assistant Professor

Akimasa Ieda (✱)

Assistant Professor

Shinsuke Imada (✱)*1

Designated Assistant Professor

Sachie Kanada

Designated Assistant Professor

Masafumi Shoji ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Satoshi Inoue

Designated Assistant Professor

Mariko Teramoto

Designated Assistant Professor

Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations
Director • Professor

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Professor

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

Yutaka Matsumi ▲Designated Professor

Masataka Murakami

Professor

Joji Ishizaka (✱)

Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki (✱)

Professor

Masafumi Hirahara (✱)

Tzu-Fang Chang ○Associate Professor

Taro Shinoda

Designated Assistant Professor

Takuma Matsumoto ○Designated Assistant Professor

Hiroyuki Tomita

Researcher

Norio Umemura

Researcher

Woonseon Jung

Researcher

Masaya Kato ○Technical Assistant

Hiroshi Sasago ▲Researcher

Mayumi Yoshioka ▲Technical Assistant

Tomoko Tanaka

Researcher

Yukie Moroda

Researcher

Satoshi Kurita ○Visiting Professor

Masahiro Kawasaki

Researcher

Takafumi Kaneko ○Visiting Professor

Kunihiko Kodera

JSPS Research Fellowship

Shoya Matsuda ○Visiting Professor

Yoshikatsu Kuroda

JSPS Research Fellowship

Hidetaka Hirata ○Visiting Associate Professor

Yasutaka Narusawa

Technical Assistant

Tomoya Iju ▲*2

Technical AssistantMariko Kayaba

Technical Assistant

Asayo Maeda

Technical Assistant

Takahiro Tsukamoto

JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowship for
Magnus Morton Woods ○▲Research in Japan (Summer Program)

JSPS Bridge Fellow Program

8

Lecturer from February 2018
Researcher from November 2017

Savani Patel Neel Prakash ○▲Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Vsiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members

Cooperating Research Fellow
Keiji Hayashi
Akiko Mizuno
Claudia Maria Martinez Calderon ▲4. Staff

Technical Center of Nagoya University
Section Head,
Research Support Office

Tadayosi Ito

Leader,
General Affairs Section 1

Yumi Matsubara ▲Administrator

Yoko Nokura ○Administrator

Harumi Morishita

Administrator

Anna Kato

Administrator

Yori Sato ▲Administrator

Yuka Suzuki ○Yuka Yamamoto *2

Manager,
Accounting Division

Hiroyuki Ichioka ○Assistant Technician

Takumi Adachi *3

Yoshiyuki Nakano

Assistant Technician

Moeto Kyushima *3

Specialist,
Maintenance Section

Ryuji Fujimori *3

Section Head,
Supplies Section

Noriaki Hiroi

Assistant Technician

Section Head,
Supplies Section

Kiyoko Hasegawa

Section Head,
Maintenance Section

Shinichi Nakagawa

Leader,Accounting Section

Youko Yasui ○Leader, Supplies Section

Yuka Matsuoka

Administrator

Mio Kato ▲Administrator

Yuka Ito ○Administrator

Ayaka Nakamura ▲Administrator

Kyohei Yamaguchi ○Designated Supervisor

Tadashi Tsuboi ○Senior Technician

Akiko Ikeda *1

Senior Technician

Yasusuke Kojima *1

Senior Technician

Haruya Minda

Technician

Tetsuya Kawabata *2

Technician

Tomonori Segawa *2

Technician

Yoshiyuki Hamaguchi *2

Technician

Yasushi Maruyama *2

Technician

Takayuki Yamasaki *2

Technician*1*1 Changed from Senior Technical Specialist after October 2017
*2 Changed from Technical Specialist after October 2017
*3 Changed from Technical Staff after October 2017

Foreign Visiting Cooperation Researcher
September 1, 2016 –August 31, 2017

Anglu Shen

October 1, 2016 –January 31, 2018

Jie RenMay 12 – August 10, 2017

Ngoc Hanh Tam Dao

June 1 – August 31, 2017

Daniel Izuikedinachi Okoh

July 20 – October 20, 2017

Devanaboyina Venkata
RatnamSergii Panasenko

July 30 – September 30, 2017
November 13 – December 30,
2017

Das Uma

Administration Department
Director,
Administration Department

Sumio Murai

Manager,
General Affairs Division

Kazuhiko Tsukazaki ○Office Manager,
Research Support Office

Tohru Kawai ▲Specialist,
General Affairs Section

Norishi Sugiyama

Section Head,General Affairs Section 1

Seiji Tsuruta ○Section Head,General Affairs Section 2

Sayuri Morino ▲Section Head,
Personnel Affairs Section

Shoji Asano

Toyokawa Branch
Technical Assistant

Kayoko Asano

Technical AssistantYasuo Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research95. Committee of Other Organizations

5. Committee of Other Organizations
Committee of Other Organizations
Contact Post

Job Title

Organizations

Kanya Kusano

Professor

International Astronomical Union (IAU)

Organizing Committee Member of Commission E3
Solar Impact throughout the Heliosphere

Kanya Kusano

Professor

Solar Physics

Editorial Board member

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Committee on Space Research(COSPAR)Vice-chair of the Panel on Radiation Belt Environment
Modeling (PRBEM)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial
Campaign coordinator of VarSITI/SPeCIMEN
Physics (SCOSTEP)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Co-leader of the SCOSTEP VarSITI (Variability of the
Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact)/SPeCIMEN
Physics (SCOSTEP)(Specification and Prediction of the Coupled InnerMagnetospheric Environment)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Annales Geophysicae

EditorYoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate
Professor

Earth and Planetary Physics

EditorYoshitaka Itow

Professor

Telescope Array collaboration

Telescope Array External Advisory committee

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

B-factory Programme Advisory
Committee

Committee member

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

Progress of Theoretical andExperimental Physics

EditorHiroyasu Tajima

Professor

The Scientific World Journal

Editorial Board member

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for the special issue of Global Data
Systems for the Study of Solar-Terrestrial Variability

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Committee on Space Research(COSPAR)

Chair of the COSPAR Sub-Commission C1 (TheEarth’s Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere)

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Co-chair of the SCOSTEP VarSITI (Variability of the
Physics (SCOSTEP)
Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact)

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Journal of Atmosphere and SolarTerrestrial Physics

Guest editor for the special issue of the 1st VarSITI
General Symposium (VarSITI2016)

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Super Dual Auroral Radar Network

Executive Council

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for the special issue of Global Data
Systems for the Study of Solar-Terrestrial Variability

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for the special issue of Recent Advancesin MST and EISCAT/Ionospheric Studies – Special
Issue of the Joint MST15 and EISCAT18 Meetings,
May 2017

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Vice Editors-in-Chief

10

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Name of Committee / Title

5. Committee of Other Organizations

Contact Post

Job Title

Yuichi Otsuka

Associate
Professor

Journal of Astronomy and Space
Sciences

EditorSatonori Nozawa

Associate
Professor

EISCAT Scientific Association

Council member

Satonori Nozawa

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest editor for the special issue of Recent Advancesin MST and EISCAT/Ionospheric Studies – Special
Issue of the Joint MST15 and EISCAT18 Meetings,
May 2017

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Lecturer

Committee on Space Research(COSPAR)

Science Organizing Committee

Masataka Murakami

DesignatedProfessor

World Meteorological Organization(WMO)

Member of Weather Modification Expert Team

Masataka Murakami

DesignatedProfessor

AMS

Chair, Ccommittee on Planned and Inadvertent
Weather Modification

Hirohiko Masunaga

Associate
Professor

World Climate Research Programme
GEWEX Data and Assessments Panel (GDAP)(WCRP) Global Energy and Water cycle
memberExchanges (GEWEX)Joji Ishizaka

Professor

North Pacific Marine Science
Organization (PICES)

Co-Chair of Advisory Panel for a CREAMS/PICES
Program in East Asian Marginal Seas

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

North Pacific Marine Science
Organization (PICES)

Member of Working Group 35: Third North Pacific
Ecosystem Report

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

Northwest Pacific Action Plan(NOWPAP)

Focal Point of Center for Special Monitoring andCoastal Environmental Assessment Regional Active
Center (CEARAC)

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

Journal of Oceanography

Editor-in-Chief

Tetsuya Hiyama

Professor

Integrated Land Ecosystem Atmosphere Processes Study (iLEAPS),
Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) member
one of the Global Research Projects(GRPs) of the Future Earth

Hidenori Aiki

Associate
Professor

American Meteorological Society (AMS)

Toshio Nakamura

Organizations

Vsiting Academic
Staff/Visiting
Radiocarbon
Faculty Members

Name of Committee / Title

Associate Editor of Journal of Atmospheric andOceanic Technology (JAOT)
Member of Editorial Board

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research116. Joint Research Programs

6. Joint Research Programs
One of the major functions of the ISEE is to promote and conduct collaborative research on Space–EarthEnvironmental Science together with researchers from universities and institutes outside the ISEE. On January 14, 2016,
the ISEE was certified as a core research institution of Space–Earth Environmental Science, which is a “Joint Usage/
Research Center” as defined by MEXT of Japan. We prepared application forms for joint research programs focusing on
the following two research issues. One is the “Study of coupling processes in the solar–terrestrial system using
ground-based observation network,” and the other is the “Establishment of an international collaborative research hub tosolve research issues in the global (terrestrial) environment and space applications based on comprehensive studies of thespace–Sun–Earth system.” The former focuses on coupling processes in the solar–terrestrial system and the interactionsof neutral and plasma components in the Earth’s atmosphere by establishing an international ground-based observation
network ranging from low to high latitude regions, especially in Asia and Africa. The latter aims to establish aninternational collaborative research hub for comprehensive studies of the space–Sun–Earth system, space applications,space weather forecasting, and environmental problems, such as global warming. The following ten research programs
were prepared for the application during the 2017 Japanese fiscal year.
01) Joint Research Program (International)
02) ISEE International Joint Research Program (*)03) ISEE/CICR International Workshop
04) Joint Research Program (General)05) Joint Research Program (Student Encouragement)
06) Joint Research Program (Symposium)07) Joint Research Program (Computing Infrastructure)08) Joint Research Program (Database Management)09) Joint Research Program (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Analysis)10) Carbon 14 Analysis Service(*) Applicable only to foreign researchers

These collaborative research programs will be executed using the instruments, software/databases, and facilities of
the ISEE. Joint research programs from 01) to 03), described above, will be managed by the Center for International
Collaborative Research (CICR). Those of 07) and 08) will be managed by the Center for Integrated Data Science(CIDAS), and 09) –10) will be managed by the Division for Chronological Research.

12 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research6. Joint Research Programs

Lists of Accepted Proposals
 ISEE International Joint Research Program
Affiliation*

Job title*

Corresponding
ISEE researcher

Title of the research program

Okoh, D.

Centre for AtmosphericResearch, National
Space Research andDevelopment Agency,
Nigeria

Principal
Scientific Officer

Shiokawa, K.

Investigating plasma bubble propagations using
the all-sky airglow images and GNSS Data

Lee, J.

Seoul National University

BK21
Associate
Professor

Masuda, S.

Comparative Study of NoRH microwave maps
and SDO/AIA EUV DEM maps

Chonokhuu, S.

National University ofMongolia

Associate
Professor

Matsumi, Y.

Development of PM2.5 instruments andobservation in Mongolia and Japan

Teh, W.-L.

Space Science Centre,
Institute of Climate
ChangeLecturer

Umeda, T.

Study on the formation of small-scale magnetic
flux ropes in the reconnection diffusion region

Panasenko, S. V.

Institute of ionosphere of
NAS and MES of Ukraine

Head of
Department

Otsuka, Y.

Joint observations of travelling ionosphericdisturbances using radar and GPS techniques

Huang, J.

National Astronomical
Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences

AssociatedProfessor

Masuda, S.

Joint study of particle acceleration in solar
flares with MUSER and NoRH

Mann, I.

UiT the Arctic Universityof Norway

Professor

Nozawa, S.

Combining PMSE and wind observations tostudy coupling processes in the mesosphere

Padmanabhan, J.

Physical ResearchLaboratory, Ahmedabad

SeniorProfessor andDean

Fujiki, K.

The Role of flow angle in determining
geo-effectiveness of non-radial solar wind outflows
associated with Corotating Interaction Region(CIR) like events

Vourldas, A.

The Johns Hopkins
University Applied Physics
Laboratory

SectionSupervisor

Kusano, K.

Investigating heliospheric data assimilation to
improve the CME arrival predictions of MHD codes

Kupriyanova, E.

Central Astronomical
Observatory (CAO) at
Pulkovo of the RAS

SeniorResearcher

Masuda, S.

Diagnostics of mechanism of quasi-periodic
pulsations in the multi-wavelength emission ofsolar flares

Savcheva, A.

Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics

Astrophysicist

Kusano, K.

Data-driven and MHD simulations ofspace-weather-effective quiet-sun filament eruptions

Vichare, G.

Indian Institute ofGeomagnetism

Associate
Professor

Shiokawa, K.

Study of the propagation of substorm associatedPi2 pulsations in different local time sectors

Professor

Otsuka, Y.

Development of Ionospheric Weather
Forecasting Algorithms for GNSS Users

Proposer

Venkata Ratnam, D. KL University

Dao, N. H. T.

Ho Chi Minh Institute ofPhysics

Researcher

Otsuka, Y.

Study of the causes of post-midnight
field-aligned irregularity at magnetically low
latitudes using simulations

Manoharan, P. K.

National Centre for Radio
Astrophysics (NCRA),
Tata Institute ofFundamental Research

Professor andHead of Radio
AstronomyCentreTokumaru, M.

Inter-calibration of IPS data sets from ISEEand Ooty Observatories* Proposer’s affiliation and job title are as of the proposal submission date.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

136. Joint Research Programs

 ISEE/CICR International Workshop
ProposerAffiliation*

Leka, K. D.

NorthWest
Associates

ResearchImada, S.

Nagoya University

Job title*

Corresponding
ISEE researcher

Associates
Senior Research
Scientist

Kusano, K.

Operational Flare Forecasts:
community comparison

Assistant
Professor

Imada, S.

Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Workshop

Title of the research programasystematic* Proposer’s affiliation and job title are as of the proposal submission date.

List of Collaboration Resources
 Instruments
NameContact Person

UV/Visible Spectrometer for Atmospheric Composition Measurements (Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Isotope Measurement Instrument (13C, 18O) Using a Laser Spectroscopic
Technique in the Mid-Infrared Region (Nagoya)Y. Matsumi

Optical Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers

K. Shiokawa

Magnetometer Network

K. Shiokawa

ELF/VLF Network

K. Shiokawa

Sodium LIDAR (Tromsø)

S. Nozawa

MF Radar (Tromsø)

S. Nozawa

Meteor Radar (Alta)

S. Nozawa

Solar Neutron Telescope(Norikura Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, the University of Tokyo)

Y. Matsubara

Low-Background Beta-Ray Counter

K. Masuda

Multi-Station IPS Solar Wind Observation System (Toyokawa, Fuji, and Kiso)

M. Tokumaru

Nobeyama Radioheliograph

S. Masuda

Multi-Directional Cosmic Ray Muon Telescope (Nagoya)

F. AbeSuperDARN Hokkaido Radar (Rikubetsu)

N. Nishitani

Upper Air Sounding Systems (two sets)

K. Tsuboki

Polarimetric Radar Systems (two sets)

K. Tsuboki

Ka-band Polarimetric Radar

K. Tsuboki

Hydrometeor Video Sonde (HYVIS) System

K. Tsuboki Software/Databases
NameContact Person

Atmospheric Composition Data by FT-IR Measurements (Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

NO2 and O3 Data by UV/Visible Spectrometer Measurements (Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

Coordinated Magnetic Data Along 210° Magnetic Meridian(Moshiri, Rikubetsu, Kagoshima, and Overseas MM Stations)K. Shiokawa

All-Sky Auroral Data (Canada, Alaska, and Siberia)

14 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

K. Shiokawa, Y. Miyoshi

6. Joint Research Programs

Name

Contact Person

Database of the Optical Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers

K. Shiokawa

VHF Radar/GPS Scintillation (Indonesia)

Y. Otsuka

EISCAT Database

S. Nozawa, S. Oyama

ELF/VLF Wave Data

K. Shiokawa

Interplanetary Scintillation Data

M. Tokumaru

Solar Wind Speed Data

M. Tokumaru

Cosmic Ray Intensity Database

F. AbeMHD Simulation on the Magnetospheric Environment

T. Umeda

S-RAMP Database

F. AbeCAWSES Database

F. AbeHinode Science Center, Nagoya University

K. Kusano

ERG Science Center

Y. Miyoshi

QL Plot Archive of Satellite Data for Integrated Studies

Y. Miyoshi

Remei Satellite Observation Database

M. Hirahara

MOA Database

F. AbeSuperDARN Hokkaido Radar Database

N. Nishitani

Numerical Simulation Codes for Plasma Kinetics

T. Umeda

Cloud Resolving Strom Simulator (CReSS)

K. Tsuboki

Satellite Data Simulator Unit (SDSU)

H. Masunaga

 Facilities
Name

Contact Person

Computer System for Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Research (Supercomputer System)
CHN Analyzer, Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer
Tandetron Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
Electron Probe Microanalyzer (EPMA)

F. Abe, T. Umeda
Y. MinoH. Kitagawa, M. Minami
T. KatoIon/Electron Beamline and Calibration Facility

M. Hirahara

Clean Room Facility for Instrument Development

M. Hirahara

Facilities at Moshiri Observatory

Y. Matsumi

Facilities at Rikubetsu Observatory

A. Mizuno

Facilities at Kiso Station

M. Tokumaru

Facilities at Fuji Observatory

M. Tokumaru

Facilities at Kagoshima Observatory

K. Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

15

7. Governance

7. Governance
As of Mar 31, 2018

Advisory Board
Mamoru Ishii

Space Environment Laboratory, Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology

Takahiro Obara

Planetary Plasma and Atmospherixc Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University

Takaaki Kajita

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo

Takeshi Kawano

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Nobuko Saigusa

Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies

Takuji Nakamura

National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems

Tsuneto Nagatomo

Nara University of Education

Hiroshi Niino

Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo

Hironobu Hyodo

Research Institute of National Sciences, Okayama University of Science

Masahiro Hoshino

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Kazuhisa Mitsuda

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Tetsuzo Yasunari

Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, National Institutes for the Humanities

Junichi Watanabe

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Mamoru Yamamoto

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Naoshi Sugiyama

Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University

Noritsugu Umehara

Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University

Takashi Shibata

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Joji Ishizaka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshitaka Itow

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masaki Enami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Masafumi Hirahara

16

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

7. GovernanceCollaborative Research Committee
Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Akira Kadokura

Polar Environment Data Science Center, Joint Support -Center for Data Science Research, Research
Organization of Information and Systems

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Yoko S. Kokubu

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Akinori Saitou

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Takeshi Sakanoi

Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University

Shoichi Shibata

College of Engineering, Chubu University

Kanako Seki

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Takashi Sekii

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Tsutomu Nagatsuma

Strategic Planning Office, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

Yoichiro Hanaoka

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Atsushi Higuchi

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Ayako Matsuoka

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Akihiko Morimoto

Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime Univercity

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Satoshi Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsubara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tomoo Nagahama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hidenori Aiki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masayo Minami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Taro SHinoda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Joji Ishizaka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tetsuya Hiyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yuichi Otsuka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research177. Governance

Joint Research Technical Committee
Integrated Studies Technical Committee
Ayumi Asai

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Iku Shinohara

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Kanako Seki

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Takashi Sekii

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Akimasa Yoshikawa

Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Satoshi Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Shinobu Machida

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Heliospheric and Cosmic-Ray Research Technical Committee
Masamitsu Ohyama

Faculty of Education, Shiga University

Chihiro Kato

Faculty of Science, Shinshu University

Shoichi Shibata

College of Engineering, Chubu University

Tomoko Nakagawa

Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology

Tohru Hada

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University

Yoichiro Hanaoka

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Yoshitaka Itow

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Yutaka Matsubara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research Technical Committee

18

Takumi Abe

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agenc

Yoshiya Kasahara

Information Media Center, Kanazawa University

Akinori Saito

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Masaki Tsutsumi

National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems

Liu Huixin

Faculty of Science, Kyush University

Yuichi Otsuka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Satonori Nozawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

7. GovernanceMeteorological, Atmospheric and Land-Ocean Ecosystem Research Technical Committee
Yoshizumi Kajii

Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

Kenshi Takahashi

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Atsushi Higuchi

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Michihiro Mochida

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Akihiko Morimoto

Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University

Hidenori Aiki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tomoo Nagahama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hirohiko Masunaga

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Akira Mizuno

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Chronological Research Technical Committee
Yoko S. Kokubu

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Wallis Simon

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Motohiro Tsuboi

Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei
Gakuin University

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Hiromi Yamazawa

Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University

Naoto Yamamoto

Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University

Masaki Enami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kimiaki Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masayo Minami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Airplane Usage Technical Committee
Seiho Uratsuka

Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Makoto Koike

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Akihiko Kondo

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Taro Shinoda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyasu Tajima

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsumi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

197. GovernanceSteering Committee of the Center for International Collaborative Research
Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Takashi Shibata

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Yoichiro Hanaoka

Solar Science Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institute of Natural Science

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tetsuya Hiyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Steering Committee of the Center for Integrated Data Science
Shin-ichiro Shima

Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo

Tohru Hada

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University

Masahiro Hoshino

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Kazuhisa Mitsuda

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Koshi Yamamoto

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Junichi Watanabe

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Fumio Abe

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Steering Committee of the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Research

20

Riko Oki

Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Masato Nakamura

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyasu Tajima

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsumi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8. Finance

8. Finance
External Funding and Industry–Academia–Government Collaborations
Researches of ISEE members as principle investigator were supported by the following external funds.
Kakenhi category

Number of subjects

Total amount (JPY)

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas

3

85,410,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)288,790,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)654,677,143

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)1045,890,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)1015,860,000

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research

78,288,000

Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellow

12,470,000

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)2

24,570,000

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)46,411,453

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research

2

14,300,000

Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research

1

99,710,000

Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellow

22,860,000

Total

50

449,236,596

・fifty research subjects listed in the table were supported by the JSPS Kakenhi.
・Thirty-two research subjects received total 203,709,742 JPY from governmental funds except KAKENHI, and fromother universities and companies. Fifteen of them were collaborative researches between ISEE and companies, or
national institutes.
・Six research subjects received total 4,340,000 JPY of donation.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research21

8. Finance

Library
 Library, Solar-Terrestrial Sciences(ISEE Libary #1)

 Library, Hydrospheric-Atmospheric
Sciences (ISEE Library #2)

Book

Book

Japanese

3,037Japanese

4,620

Foreign

11,148Foreign

8,869

Journals

Journals

Japanese

4

Japanese

171

Foreign

132

Foreign

191

Properties

22

Site (m2)

Bulidings (m2)Location

Higashiyama Campus(Main campus of Nagoya University)

-

9,005

NagoyaToyokawa Campus

158,002

7,189

Toyokawa

Moshiri Observatory

110,534

325

Hokkaido

Rikubetsu Observatory

24,580167

Hokkaido

Kagoshima Observatory

13,449287

Kagoshima

Fuji Observatory

19,926

174

Yamanashi

Sugadaira Station

3,300

0

NaganoKiso Station

6,240

66

NaganoTotal

336,031

17,213

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Research Topics

9. Research Topics
The mission of the Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research (ISEE) is to understand the mechanisms andinteractions of diverse processes occurring in the integrated space–Sun–Earth system to deal with global environmental
problems and to contribute to human society in the space age. To develop this new research field, four subjects ofInterdisciplinary Research are being conducted with strong collaborations from seven Research Divisions (Divisions for
Integrated Studies, Cosmic Ray Research, Heliospheric Research, Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research, Meteorologicaland Atmospheric Research, Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research, and Chronological Research). The “Project for Space–EarthEnvironmental Prediction” aims to develop our understanding and predictive capabilities of the influences of solar dynamics
and atmosphere–ocean activities on the global environment. The “Project for the Interaction of Neutral and Plasma
Atmospheres” aims to improve our understanding of the connection between the Earth’s atmosphere and space using a global
observation network of interactions between the upper plasma and middle atmosphere. The “Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate
Research” aims to observe the long-term variability in the solar activity over more than several thousands of years via radioisotopes
and to examine the influences of the solar activity on the atmosphere using observations and models to understand the influence of
solar activity on global climate variability. The “Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation” aims to understand the processes thatform cloud and precipitation particles from aerosol particles with regard to the influence of cosmic rays and the processes ofscattering and absorption of radiation by clouds and aerosol particles using experiments, field observations, and simulations.

ISEE has also organized three Research Centers to contribute to national and international research development of therelevant disciplines in cooperation with the Research Divisions. The Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR)
conducts extensive observations with four domestic observatories (Moshiri, Rikubetsu, Fuji, and Kagoshima) and a global
observation network and enhances collaboration and joint research with domestic and international researchers andinstitutions. The Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS) conducts infrastructure and research development of intensive
studies of the space–Sun–Earth system through the analysis of big data and advanced computer simulations. The Center for
Orbital and Suborbital Observation (COSO) conducts planning and technological development of research using orbital andsuborbital observation vehicles, such as aircraft, balloons, rockets, and satellites, with national and international networks.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research239-1. Research Divisions

Divisions9-1. Research
Division for Integrated Studies
Research topics and keywords
 Solar flare · CME
 Inner-magnetosphere · Radiation belt Aurora substorm
 Space weather · Space storm
 Space climate · Long-term variations of the Sun Space plasma Computer simulation
 Data assimilation

Introduction to Division for Integrated Studies
The solar–terrestrial environment is a complex system that consists of nonlinear, non-equilibrium, and multi-scaleinteracting processes. The research activities in the Division for Integrated Studies are aimed at understanding themechanisms and predicting the dynamics of various phenomena in the solar–terrestrial environment through data
analyses and modeling studies. Some of the major results are introduced below.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Nonlinear dynamics of a solar eruptive flux rope
A magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation was conducted to investigate the nonlinear dynamics of a solar eruptive flux
rope. The simulation showed that the eruptive flux tube accelerates rapidly even though it passes through a region predictedfrom a theoretical model where the evolution of a flux rope should be suppressed. We found that the nonlinear interaction of
the flux rope evolution and reconnection, which is not taken into account in the theoretical model, plays an important role inaccelerating the flux rope. These results were summarized in Inoue et al. Nature Communications 9, 174 (2018).

2. Numerical study of prominence eruptions with radiative cooling condensation
As part of the Project for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction (PSTEP), we reproduced solar prominence
eruption, a progenitor of coronal mass ejection, using a MHD simulation including thermal conduction and radiative
cooling. In this study, we combined a prominence formation model (Kaneko & Yokoyama, 2017) and a flare trigger
model (Kusano et al., 2012), and investigated the impact of radiative condensation on prominence eruption. We foundthat momentum in the corona as well as mass is condensed into prominence, facilitating initiation of the MHD
instability responsible for eruptions. We also found that prominence oscillates before eruption, as suggested by previous
observations.

3. Study on the onset mechanism and prediction of solar explosions
To understand the mechanism of solar explosions, i.e., solar flares and coronal mass emissions, and devise a newscheme to predict these, we analyzed the evolution of the parameter κ*, which is a proxy for the critical parameter for the
double-arc instability (DAI) that was recently predicted to be the initial driver of solar eruptions by Ishiguro and Kusano(2017). We calculated κ* for solar active region NOAA 11158 using vector magnetic field data observed by the Solar
Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite and the nonlinear force-free field model. We found that κ* increased to greaterthan a certain level before the two major flares and decreased drastically just after the flares. These results support the24

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-1. Research Divisions

theoretical model in that the DAI plays a crucial role in triggering solar eruptions, and suggests the applicability of thenonlinear force-free model for predicting the onset of solar eruptions.

4. Statistical study of the relationship between flare activity and magnetic structure in solar active regions
Study of the magnetic field in solar active regions is important for understanding the physics of solar flares. At
present, the relationship between flare occurrence and energy storage in the coronal magnetic field in active regions is notwell understood because coronal field observations are difficult. We reconstructed configurations of the coronal magnetic
field from observational data of the surface magnetic field using a non-linear force free field model for a number of active
regions from June 2010 to February 2016, and conducted a statistical study on flare activity and energy storage in thecoronal magnetic field. The analysis showed that flare activity has a better correlation with the magnetic twist than withthe energy excess from the potential energy state in the active region magnetic field. We also created a catalogue ofcoronal magnetic parameters for more than 100 active regions.

5. Statistical study of active-region microflares observed with Hinode/XRTThe solar corona, the outermost atmosphere of the Sun, is very hot (~ 1 MK) compared with its surface (~6,000 K) ;this is one of the major unsolved problems in solar physics. Small solar flares such as microflares and nanoflares are
one possible source of the heating mechanism in the solar corona. Using X-ray Telescope (XRT) on board Hinode,
we succeeded in detecting a very large number of microflares in an active region, and found that the energy
distribution of microflares can be described by a power-law (dN/dE A×E-α), with α greater than 2. This result meansthat the total energy of very small flares is sufficient to heat the active-region corona if the distribution extends to thelower energy range with the same α value.

6. Investigation of thermal response in wave-heated corona loops
We conducted 3D MHD simulations to investigate the thermal response in wave-heated corona loops. As a result ofrandom forces on the foot point of the loop, MHD waves are excited to transport their energy to the upper atmosphere, andthe resultant MHD waves become non-linear to transport their energy to smaller spatial scales. As a natural consequenceof energy dissipation, we demonstrated that a 1 MK corona would be produced and, in addition, collision between counter
propagating Alfven waves in the corona causes an impulsive temperature increase. These facts demonstrate thatwave-heating mechanisms are able to produce nano-flare like events, as the heating is spatially localized and temporallyintermittent.

7. Numerical study on the regional difference of solar chromospheric jets
We investigate the regional difference of solar chromospheric jets using the numerical simulation. The MHD equations
with the effects of gravity, radiative energy transport, latent heat of ionization, and field-aligned thermal conduction are
numerically solved for the realistic modeling of the solar chromosphere. We assume that the regional difference ischaracterized by two parameters: the photospheric magnetic field imbalance and the coronal temperature. We mimic thequiet and active regions on the Sun by choosing the two parameters of the simulation. The simulated thermal convection
self-consistently excites various MHD waves, which are the energy sources of the chromospheric jets. The resultant
numerical simulation shows the regional difference of simulated chromospheric jets quantitatively consistent with theobservation. This regional difference of the simulation is naturally explained by the nonlinear amplification of the Alfven
wave. Our results indicate that the Alfven wave plays a crucial role in the formation process of solar spicules.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research259-1. Research Divisions.
8. Next solar cycle prediction study
We developed a surface flux transport (SFT) model and conducted calculations to predict activity in the next solar
cycle. We obtained the result that the next cycle will be weaker than the current solar cycle by a few 10% (Iijima et al.
2017, Astron. Astrophys.). To achieve a more precise prediction, the long-term variation of the solar surface velocity
was analyzed from the observations, and we also clarified the relationship between the observed velocities and themagnetic field strength.

9. Simultaneous observation of auroral substorm onset in Polar satellite global images andground-based all-sky images
Substorm onset was originally defined as a longitudinally extended sudden auroral brightening (“Akasofu initialbrightening”), which is followed a few minutes later by an auroral poleward expansion in ground-based all-sky images. In
satellite-based global images, however, this clearly marked two-stage development has not been evident and, instead,
substorm onsets have been identified as localized sudden brightenings, which immediately expand poleward. To resolvethese differences, optical substorm onset signatures in global images and all-sky images were compared for a substormthat occurred on December 7, 1999. The all-sky images revealed the two-stage Akasofu initial brightening (2124:50 UT)
and the subsequent poleward expansion (2127:50 UT), whereas the global images revealed only an onset brightening thatstarted at 2127:49 UT. Thus, the onset in global images was delayed relative to the Akasofu initial brightening and, in fact,agreed with the poleward expansion in the all-sky images. The fact that the Akasofu initial brightening was not evident in
the global images may possibly be attributed to the limited spatial resolution of global images for thin auroral arc
brightenings. The implications of these results for the definition of substorm onset are discussed herein.

10. Study of the dayside magnetic reconnection with MMS spacecraft data
We analyzed the structure and physical processes near the magnetic neutral line for the magnetic reconnection at the
Earth’s dayside magnetopause by applying the two fluid equations to the data obtained by MMS spacecraft. It was shownthat there is a strong correlation between the magnitude of the electron collision term resulting from the electron-wave
interactions and the intensity of the low frequency hybrid waves in the ion diffusion region that surrounds the magnetic
neutral line. This strongly suggests the presence of anomalous resistivity due to excited waves.

11. Direct evidence of the pitch angle scattering of energetic electrons observed by ERG (Arase)
The ERG (Arase) satellite that was launched in December 2016 has an electron detector with high-angularresolution. In March 2017, there was a good conjugate observation between ERG and ground-based optical imagers in
Canada, and active pulsating aurora was observed. During the period, ERG observed intense chorus emissions near themagnetic equator and identified for the first time the flux modulation inside the loss concurrently with the chorus
variations. The pitch angle scattering by plasma waves in space has not been identified until this observation. The
amplitude modulation of the pulsating aurora shows good correspondence with the flux modulation of electrons inside
the loss cone, which shows the definitive evidence on the origin of the pulsating aurora. This result was reported in
Nature as the first observational result of the ERG project.

12. Rapid acceleration of MeV electrons associated with sudden commencement
We investigated relativistic electron accelerations associated with SC with a code coupling simulation of global
MHD and test-particle simulations. Results indicate wide energy electron accelerations through interactions between thefast mode waves and drifted electrons.

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13. Quasi-periodic modulations in energetic electrons without corresponding ULF waves observed by
ERG satellite
ULF waves affect energetic electrons in the radiation belt. To understand the spatial properties of energetic electrons,
we compared the energetic electron flux modulations observed by the Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) and ERG
satellites with the longitudinal distance. RBSP and ERG simultaneously observed relativistic electron flux modulations
with frequency in the dusk and dawn sectors, respectively. From the dispersion signature, we estimated the source regionsof the flux modulations and found that the source regions were located in the dusk-noon sector. ULF waves observed in
the dusk sector did not appear in the dawn sector and these ULF waves might generate electron modulations in the
dusk-noon sector, which may then drift eastward and be observed by ERG.

14. Direct evidence of the nonlinear interactions of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves by spacecraft
observation
Nonlinear interactions by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves have an impact over a wide energy
range of ions and relativistic electrons. We developed a method to detect these interactions directly from THEMIS
spacecraft data. Calculating the phase difference between the wave electromagnetic fields and particle velocities, we
obtained the distribution of the ions over phase angle, and the values indicating the nonlinear resonant currents. We
obtained evidence of energy transfer from the energetic ions to the EMIC waves with increasing frequency.

15. Statistical analysis of EMIC waves observed by Plasma Wave Experiment aboard Arase
The Plasma Wave Experiment (PWE) is one of the scientific instruments onboard the ERG satellite thatmeasures the electric and magnetic fields in the inner magnetosphere. One significant advantage of ERG
observations is the broad latitudinal coverage because of the orbital inclination of ERG is 31 degrees, and theobservations in both around the geomagnetic equatorial region and around the mid-latitude region are possible.
We successfully obtained 166 EMIC waves during the first 9 months after the satellite was launched, and foundthat 37% of observed EMIC waves obtained by the PWE had fine structures. Our statistical analyses showed that the
spatial distributions of the unstructured EMIC waves and of the fine-structured EMIC waves were significantly
different. The wide latitudinal coverage of Arase’s orbit enabled this unique analysis.

16. Non-MHD effects in the Rayleigh-Taylor instability
The nonlinear evolution of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) at a density shear layer transverse to the magnetic
field in a collisionless plasma was investigated using a fully kinetic Vlasov simulation with two spatial and two
velocity dimensions. The primary RTI in the MHD regime develops symmetrically in a coordinate axis parallel togravity, as seen in the previous MHD simulations. The primary RTI in the Hall-MHD regime develops asymmetricallyin a coordinate axis parallel to gravity. A compressible flow is formed at the secondary density shear layer by the Hall
effect, which generates a strong scalar pressure gradient of ions, and a Hall electric field due to the diamagnetic current
results in an asymmetric flow at the tip of the finger structure. In the primary RTI with the ion gyro kinetic effect, asecondary RTI with a wavelength shorter than the wavelength of the primary RTI is generated at the saturation stage ofthe primary RTI. A seed perturbation for the secondary RTI is excited by another secondary instability due to thecoupling between the electron stress tensor and the Hall electric field. The heat flux term plays an important role in thetime development of the total pressure. In contrast, the contribution of the ion stress tensor to both the electric current
and the total pressure is small.

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9-1. Research Divisions

Division for Cosmic-Ray Research
Research topics and keywords
Acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays
– Cosmic gamma-ray observations– Solar neutron observations
 Cosmic-ray interactions with the Earth’s atmosphere– Hadron interactions of very-high-energy cosmic rays
– Past solar activities probed by cosmogenic nuclides
 Particle astrophysics and non-accelerator physics

 – Dark matter and neutrino physics
Wide-field transient survey by an optical telescope

Introduction to Division for Cosmic-Ray Research
Cosmic rays (CRs), which are mostly protons with small amounts of charged particles such as electrons or nuclei andneutral particles such as gamma rays or neutrinos, are produced in space and propagate through interstellar andinterplanetary magnetic fields before reaching the Earth. The Division for Cosmic-Ray Research performs cosmic
gamma-ray observations using the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi satellite) and the Cherenkov Telescope
Array (CTA), and high-altitude solar neutron observations to reveal the CR acceleration mechanisms as common
space-plasma phenomena.
CRs also provide hints for ultra-high energy phenomena and unknown particles that cannot be explored in alaboratory. We conduct Large Hadron Collider forward (LHCf) and Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider forward (RHICf)
experiments to study hadronic interactions of ultra-high energy CRs using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and
Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) accelerators, respectively. This division also conducts neutrino physics researchwith the Super-Kamiokande experiment, and promotes the Hyper-Kamiokande project as a future project. We intensively
work for direct dark matter searches in the XMASS liquid xenon experiment at the Kamioka Observatory, and recently
started new commitment to the XENONnT experiment in LNGS in Italy.
CRs deeply penetrate the atmosphere, producing ionization and cosmogenic nuclides. Our division studies past solar
activities and sudden changes of the CR flux that are recorded in the carbon-14 (14C) concentration of ancient tree ringsand other cosmogenic nuclides from Antarctic ice cores.
In addition, this division conducts the MOA project with a dedicated 1.8-m wide-field optical telescope at Mt. John
University Observatory in Tekapo, New Zealand. It conducts surveys of gravitational microlensing caused by massive
astrophysical compact halo objects (MACHOs) or exoplanets, and optical follow-up observations of gamma-ray bursts,
supernova neutrino detections and gravitational wave events.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Search for the origin of cosmic rays with gamma-ray observations
Cosmic gamma rays are good probes for investigating the properties and distributions of CRs and the interstellar
medium, since gamma rays are produced by their interactions. Supernova remnants (SNRs) are the leading candidate forthe origin of Galactic CRs. Past gamma-ray observations from the Fermi satellite confirmed that CR protons areaccelerated to GeV energies in SNRs with ages older than 10,000 years. However, we have not resolved the mechanism ofparticle acceleration or obtained the maximum energy of particles accelerated by SNRs.
We are developing the Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope (GCT), which is one of the telescopes for the next

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generation of the gamma-ray observatory, the CTA, to address these questions. We are in charge of the development ofsilicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for GCT. We found that the resin coating for SiPM surface protection was causing
degradation of optical crosstalk, one of the key parameters of the SiPMs. We are now improving the handling of the
SiPMs during camera assembly so that the protection resin can be removed; we are also re-optimizing the geometry of the
SiPM internal structure to take advantage of better crosstalk.
Gamma rays are also useful for studying the distribution of interstellar gas, since gamma-ray intensity is wellcorrelated with gas density. Recent observations by the Planck satellite have provided unprecedented measurements ofall-sky dust distributions with 10-arcminute resolution using the attenuation coefficient for 353-GHz microwaves. The
amount of dust is correlated with the amount of gas, which can be verified by measurement of the correlation between the
dust and gamma rays. We found that the attenuation coefficient for 353-GHz microwaves correlated well with the
gamma-ray intensity in the MBM 53–55, Pegasus Loop and Chameleon regions. In these studies, we found nonlinearity
between those correlations. Further studies are ongoing to model the nonlinearity in the Orion region, since this region
contains a wide range of matter density, which is suitable for the nonlinearity study.
We have improved the image restoration technique used for the Fermi gamma-ray data to account for the Galactic
diffuse gamma-ray background, which enables image analysis of faint gamma-ray sources. By applying this technique in
the Galactic center region, we found possible new gamma-ray sources that have not been previously detected. Further
analysis is in progress.

2. Research on the acceleration mechanism of solar energetic particles
Study of the acceleration mechanism of solar energetic particles is expected to provide key information forunderstanding the origin of CRs. To understand particle acceleration at the Sun, it is necessary to know the moment andduration of particle acceleration at the solar surface. Solar neutrons produced at the solar surface through the interaction ofaccelerated ions with the solar atmosphere are studied at ISEE. Neutrons are not reflected by the interplanetary magnetic
field, and are thought to be preferable to accelerated particles themselves for studying the acceleration mechanism of solar
energetic particles. The emission timing of neutrons can be determined from the neutron energies. ISEE has developed aworldwide network of solar neutron telescopes to detect solar neutrons (> 100 MeV) over an entire day. In fiscal year (FY)2017, operation at Gornergrat in Switzerland ceased.
Besides this network, a new solar neutron telescope was installed in Sierra Negra, Mexico (97○W, 4600 m) in 2013.
The new detector was previously used for accelerator experiments, and uses 15,000 scintillator bars to measure particle
tracks, providing much higher energy resolution and better particle discrimination than previous solar neutron telescopes.
The new telescope was built with the support of Kyoto University, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization(KEK), and the National Autonomous University of Mexico, and the experiment is called the SciBar Cosmic Ray
Telescope (SciCRT). Our Monte Carlo simulation study predicted that the power-law index of the solar-neutron energy
spectrum can be determined to an accuracy of 0:1 if we know the duration of neutron production at the solar surface.
Moreover, if an ambiguity of up to 1:0 of the power-law index is permitted, it is possible to discriminate between an
instant emission and a continuous emission of longer than 5 minutes.
The activity of solar cycle 24 reached a maximum in February 2014, and has since decreased. No solar-neutron
events have been detected in FY 2017. Significantly, two large solar flares occurred in September 2017, and their soft
X-ray fluxes measured by the GOES satellite were the two highest values in solar cycle 24. Unfortunately, solar neutrons
were not recorded in these flares, but we may have detected solar neutrons if these flares had occurred at noon in Mexico.
This work was performed in collaboration with Chubu University, Shinshu University, the National Astronomical
Observatory of Japan, RIKEN, the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) of the University of Tokyo, Institute ofSpace and Astronautical Science/Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA), the Japan Atomic Energy Agency(JAEA), the National Defense Academy, the Aichi Institute of Technology, and many other institutions around the world.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research299-1. Research Divisions.
3. Study of cosmic neutrinos and dark matter
The neutrino is a neutral elementary particle with an infinitesimal mass, which is scattered only via weakinteraction, and its strong penetrating power can provide physical information from the center of celestial bodies suchas the Sun and the Earth. In addition, by observing neutrino oscillations, which occur because of quantum state mixing
between the three neutrino species, we can explore unknown properties of neutrinos, such as their masses, and hidden
information, such as the material density of celestial bodies. In addition to neutrinos, which only weakly interact withother particles, particle dark matter (weakly interacting massive particles, or WIMPs) are thought to exist in space andmany projects are working on first detection.
In 2017, a new technique to separate muon neutrinos and muon anti-neutrinos was developed through use of
decay-electrons from muon decays, and neutron emission from neutrino interactions. The separation performance has
been evaluated and looks promising. Further application to atmospheric neutrino oscillations in matter is now being
considered. We have been promoting a next-generation ultralarge water Cherenkov detector, Hyper-Kamiokande,
which has a volume 20 times greater than that of Super-Kamiokande. We have made substantial and continuous efforts
toward organization of the project, as one of the main stakeholders.
We have conducted the XMASS experiment for direct WIMP searching using an ultra-low background
liquid-xenon detector. We have studied a new scheme for nuclear recoil detection by electron emission via the Migdal
effect, and an intensive study of neutron calibration data has been made to detect the possible Migdal effect. In addition,
for application to future largescale dark-matter-search experiments, we have developed a liquid-xenon single-phase
TPC. Some XMASS members have become new participants in the XENONnT experiment, the world’s largest
liquid-xenon dark-matter detector, foreseen to be operational by 2019. Contribution to the neutron-veto system andpurification of xenon has been discussed.

4. Cosmic-ray interaction-focused accelerator experimentHadronic interactions of CRs play many important roles in cosmic-ray physics. CRs interact with the interstellar
medium and produce cosmic gamma rays or neutrinos through which a range of CR astrophysics can be studied.
High-energy CRs undergo repeat interactions in the atmosphere that are observed as particle clusters called “air showers”
at the ground. To extract CR information from air showers, precise knowledge of hadronic interactions is required, which
can be studied through accelerator-based experiments; for example, hadron collider machines such as the LHC at theEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) or the RHIC at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) provide an
opportunity to study hadronic interactions equivalent to CR energies of 1014–1017 eV.
In June 2017, the RHICf experiment successfully collected data during radially polarized proton–proton collisions
with a collision energy of 0.51 TeV. In a quick analysis, we observed a clear peak of neutral pions in the invariant mass of
two photons hitting the detector. A range of other analyses is now in development. The first combined analysis of the
LHCf experiment with the ATLAS detector has been conducted using data for proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV
collected at the LHC in 2015. This is an important milestone for study of diffractive interaction in the very-high-energy
range, which is highly relevant to air-shower physics of very-high-energy CRs.

5. Historic cosmic-ray intensity variation with cosmogenic radioisotopes
Radiocarbon (14C) concentrations in tree rings are a good proxy for historic CR intensity reaching the Earth. The CR
flux may reflect short-term (≤ 1 year) high-energy phenomena such as supernova explosions near the solar system or
arrival of solar CRs by extreme solar proton events (SPEs). Although the CR flux variation in the past has been
investigated by 14C concentration measurements in tree rings with time resolutions of more than 10 years over the
Holocene (the last 12,000 years), variations at 1 or 2-year resolutions have not been investigated for most periods. Several

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CR increase events have been detected by 14C measurements, e.g., the AD 775 and the AD 994 events published by ourgroup in 2012 and 2013, respectively. This suggests a relationship between these CR events and extreme SPEs.
To investigate similar CR increase events occurring in the past 3,000 years, we measured 14C contents in annual ringsat biennial intervals using accelerator mass spectrometers (AMSs) at Nagoya University and Yamagata University, for theperiods covering the 2nd–3rd AD centuries, the 1st–4th BC centuries, and the 9th–12th BC centuries. We obtained
continuous 14C data with annual resolution for most of the past 3,000 years, and found that the AD 775 event had thelargest 14C increment in the period. We also found two other events in AD 994 and 660 BC with scales almost half that of
the AD 775 event. Although there are other small 14C increases in the data, it is necessary to conduct additionalverification to distinguish these small events from background variations.

6. Verification of the cosmic-ray-induced cloud formation hypothesis
We aimed to verify the increase in cloud condensation nuclei due to galactic CRs, as one hypothesis for thecorrelation mechanism between solar activity and the global climate. We investigated the relationship between theionization density and the production efficiency of cloud nuclei formation with an atmospheric reaction chamber, by
irradiation of high-energy protons, nitrogen, and xenon ions at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC) at
the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS). The experimental data were carefully analyzed and showed thatthe particle density at the nanometer level in the atmosphere varies, corresponding to the ion density produced byhigh-energy heavy ions, and that they are possibly independent of the incident ion species, that is, the ionization density
along the track. On the other hand, relatively high production efficiency was obtained for protons. For further discussionof the relationship between lower cloud amounts and the CR flux in the lower atmosphere, more precise experiments arenecessary.

7. Wide-field optical surveys for gravitational microlensing and gravitational sources
In 2017, we detected 511 microlensing events and issued real-time alerts to follow-up groups. Analyses of the events
are in progress. Discovery of the merger of a neutron star binary was conducted by the LIGO and Virgo detectors on
August 17, 2017 (GW170817). We succeeded in observing its optical counterpart from the MOA II telescope 1.78 days
after detection of the gravitational wave.

Left: The domes of the MOA II 1.8-m (left) and the B&C 61-cm telescopes.
Right: The optical counter part of the gravitational-wave event and its host galaxy NGC 4993 imaged by the
MOA II telescope.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research319-1. Research Divisions

Divisions9-1. Research
Division for Heliospheric Research
Research topics and keywords
 Solar wind CME Radio astronomy
 Interplanetary scintillation
 Global heliospheric structure Space weather forecast
 Development of instruments
 Pulsar

Introduction to Division for Heliospheric Research
A supersonic (with a speed of 300–800 km/s) plasma flow known as the solar wind emanates from the Sun, andpermanently engulfs the Earth. While the magnetic field of the Earth acts as a barrier to protect the atmosphere from a
direct interaction with the solar wind, a considerable fraction of its vast energy enters the near-surface layer via various
processes. Thus, the solar wind acts as a carrier to transfer the Sun’s energy to the Earth.
The solar wind varies dramatically with solar activity. In association with eruptive phenomena on the Sun’s surface,a high-speed stream of the solar wind sometimes arrives at the Earth, and generates intense disturbances in geospace andthe upper atmosphere. Space environment conditions that significantly change with the solar activity are known as “space
weather”, and are currently a topic of significant interest. An accurate understanding of the solar wind is needed to makereliable predictions of space weather disturbances.
We have observed solar wind velocity and density irregularities for several decades using three large antennas toinvestigate unsolved important issues such as acceleration and propagation mechanisms of the solar wind, space weather
forecasting, the global structure of the heliosphere, and its variation. Also, laboratory and fieldwork experiments are
performed for improving data quality and upgrading the instruments.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Solar wind observations using the IPS system
We have performed remote-sensing observations of the solar wind since the 1980s using the multi-station
Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) system. Tomographic analysis of IPS observations enables accurate determination of
the global distribution of the solar wind speed and density fluctuations. IPS observations provide valuable information,
particularly for high-latitude solar wind, where in situ observations are currently unavailable. The IPS system currently
consists of three large antennas at Toyokawa, Fuji, and Kiso. The Toyokawa antenna (called the Solar Wind Imaging
Facility Telescope, SWIFT) has the largest aperture and the highest sensitivity among our three antennas, and started
daily observations in 2008. The Fuji and Kiso antennas were upgraded in 2013–2014 by installing new low-noise
amplifiers (LNAs), which led to a great improvement in their sensitivity. These two antennas are located in
mountainous areas, and are not used for observations during winter due to heavy snowfall. Solar wind density
fluctuations were derived from IPS observations at Toyokawa and measured throughout the year. The IPS data weremade available to the public in real time via an ftp server, and were used for various international collaborations, as
described below.

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2. International collaboration for space weather forecast
We have performed collaborative research with Dr. B. V. Jackson and his colleagues at the University of California,
San Diego (UCSD) on 3D reconstruction of the time-varying heliosphere using tomographic analysis of IPS observations
over a long period. The time-dependent tomography (TDT) program was developed through this collaborative research,and this program is now available on the web server of the NASA Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC),
and is running in realtime at the Korean Space Weather Center (KSWC) to predict the solar wind at the Earth. A prediction
system for the solar wind and IMF at the Earth was also developed at KSWC combining TDT analysis of IPS data with the
ENLIL solar wind model (Dr. D. Odstrcil of GMU/NASA). The ISEE signed an agreement on research exchange andcooperation with KSWC in 2012, and renewed this in 2016. In this FY, several people including the KSWC Director
visited the Toyokawa observatory and discussed further collaboration.

3. World-wide IPS Stations (WIPSS) ProjectAs awareness grows of the utility of IPS observations for space weather forecasting, an increasing number of IPS
observations have been conducted around the world. In addition to Japan, Russia, and India, where IPS observations havebeen conducted for a long time, new dedicated antennas for IPS observations have been constructed in Mexico and Korea,
and IPS observations using low-frequency large radio array systems such as the Low-Frequency Array (LoFAR) and the
Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) have been conducted on a campaign basis. An integrated analysis using IPS datafrom these stations enables higher-resolution 3D reconstructions of the solar wind rapidly varying with solar activity.
Establishment of World-wide IPS Stations (WIPSS) was proposed at the IPS workshop held at Morelia, Mexico, in 2015,
and research activities on IPS observations at each WIPSS station were reported at the IPS workshop in Cardiff inDecember 2017. Our IPS data are in the IPSDCF V1.1 format, which is a revision of the common data format defined at
the UCSD IPS workshop in December 2016, and was made available via the ISEE ftp server. Comparison between IPS
data at different stations is key to realisation of WIPSS. We invited Dr. Sergey Tyul’bashev from the Pushchino Radio
Astronomy Observatory (PRAO) in Russia to our laboratory for the period September 10–December 9, 2017, andcompared IPS data obtained from the Big Scanning Array at PRAOP with those from ISEE. In addition, Dr. P. K.
Manoharan of the Ooty Radio Astronomy Center (India) visited our laboratory from March 11–30, 2018, and compared
Ooty and ISEE IPS data.

4. Coordinated Observations of interplanetary disturbances in Japan and Russia
A marked enhancement in solar flare activity occurred in early September 2017, leading to two halo coronal massejections (CMEs). Travelling interplanetary disturbances associated with the halo CME events on September 4 and 6,
2017, were clearly detected in IPS observations at ISEE, Japan, and PRAO, Russia. We compared ISEE and PRAO IPS
data for these events, considering the longitudinal difference between the two stations. We found that both data sets
were consistently explained by disturbances propagating toward the Earth at high speed. The IPS data for the CME

All-sky map of the solar wind density disturbance index derived from IPS observations at PRAO, Russia, on September 7, 2017.

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events on September 4 and 6 show that the average transit speeds of disturbances were as high as >1000 km/s. This ishigher than the average speed of the IPS shocks arriving at the Earth, suggesting that the disturbances decelerated
during the propagation. Slowly (~700 km/s) moving disturbances were also observed in the September 6 event,following the fast disturbances. The slowly moving disturbances can be explained by a flank of the disturbances that
propagated more slowly than the central portion. The result obtained here demonstrates the utility of the world-wide IPS
observation network for space weather forecasting.

5. Long-term variation of very-slow solar wind with low density
Solar wind with a speed less than 350 km/s is called very slow solar wind (VSSW), and our past study showed that its
source corresponds to the region near the active region, where the magnetic field is connected to interplanetary space: theso called open region. The efficiency of the acceleration mechanism for the VSSW is considered to be less than that forthe ordinary slow wind owing to the extremely large expansion factor of the magnetic flux of the open region. We
investigated the long-term variation of the solar wind density fluctuation level ΔNe using ISEE IPS observations obtained
over many years. We found that the occurrence rate of the VSSW associated with low ΔNe increases markedly during theperiod between Cycles 23 and 24. Since ΔNe is roughly proportional to the solar wind density, our finding suggests that
the VSSW of Cycle 24 is significantly rarefied. We also investigated in situ observations made from the ACE spacecraft,
and found that the occurrence rate of the low density VSSW increases in Cycle 24, consistent with the IPS observations.
We investigated the properties of the magnetic field at the source region of the VSSW associated with ΔNe using thepotential field model, and found that the source region of the low ΔNe VSSW is associated with smaller expansion factors
and weaker magnetic fields than that of the high ΔNe VSSW. This suggests that the low density VSSW that increased inoccurrence frequency in Cycle 24 corresponds to the pseudo-streamer formed in the quiet Sun region.

6. On the origin of extremely non-radial solar wind outflows
The solar wind is primarily radial in nature with the azimuthal component of the flow typically being between 10–30
km/sec. However, non-radial flows (azimuthal flow angle > 60) are observed on many occasions. Although non-radialflow associated with solar wind disappearance events has been noted previously, the causes of the non-radial flow havenot been addressed. The degree of deviation from the radial direction also has consequences for geo-effectiveness andspace weather, and we have therefore investigated a large number of such cases in Cycles 23–24, covering the period
1995–2017. In all the cases, the azimuthal angle of the solar wind flow exceeded more than 6o for a period of 1 day ormore in the absence of any solar phenomena such as CME and/or co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs). For most of theevents, the solar wind density at 1 AU was < 5 cm-3 for periods of more than 1 day, similar to the well-known ‘‘solar winddisappearance events’’, which show unusual drops in solar wind density at 1 AU (< 1 cm-3) for prolonged periods (> 1day). The significant changes in the charge state ratio of O7+/O6+ at 1 AU, for most of the events, suggest fast and dynamic
evolutions taking place at the source regions. We thus traced the events back to the Sun, using a velocity trace-backtechnique combined with a potential field source surface extrapolation, to pinpoint their solar sources. Strikingly, thisexercise revealed that the events are associated with characteristic pairings of active regions (AR) and coronal holes (CH)located at the central meridian. The dynamical evolution taking place at the AR-CH complex regions was examined,
using the Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope and the Michelson Doppler Imager images, and shows new emerging
magnetic flux regions and coronal loops during the trace-back dates, disturbing the stable CH configurations and leading
to the extreme non-radial events. Therefore, this investigation showed for the first time the causative mechanism of
non-radial solar wind flows that are not associated with CME or CIR. This work was carried out in collaboration with the
Physical Research Laboratory, India, under the ISEE International Collaborative Research Program.

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7. Estimation of magnetic flux rope axis orientation at 1 AU using the cylinder and the toroidal model
CMEs are large expulsions of magnetized plasma from the Sun. The magnetic field structure inside CMEs consistsof a bundle of helical magnetic field lines around the central axis, known as the magnetic flux rope (MFR). The axis
orientation of MFRs is an important factor in space weather forecasting. Estimation methods for the axis orientation
include the cylinder and the toroidal model fittings. The cylinder model is characterized by a straight axis surroundedby helical magnetic field lines and the toroidal model is characterized by a curved axis. We analyzed five MFR events
observed by the ACE spacecraft during 2006 and 2007, and used both the cylinder and toroidal models to investigate
the possibility of curvature of the MFR axis. The toroidal model yielded an axis orientation similar to (less than 11 deg)that of the cylinder model for two MC events, a little different (near 30 deg) for one event, and significantly different(greater than 90 deg) for one event; the remaining event could be fitted well only by the toroidal model.

8. Measurement of coronal density using the Crab pulsar
In recent years, the decrease in solar wind density due to declining solar activity has been highlighted from IPS andin situ observations. Coronal observations, which provide the source of the solar wind, are important for investigating
solar activity. We aimed to estimate the coronal density using the dispersion measure (DM) of the Crab pulsar. The DM
is the frequency dispersion observed in the pulsar signal, which gives the integrated plasma density along theline-of-sight (los). The los of the Crab approaches the Sun in mid-June, to as close as 5 solar radii over the South Pole.
By taking the difference between the DMs when the los of the Crab is located close to and far from the Sun, it ispossible to determine the (integrated) coronal density over the South Pole. Crab observation has been conducted at the
Toyokawa observatory since November 2016. The Crab is also known to emit exceptionally bright pulses called giant
pulses, and these enable rapid DM estimation. We detected tens to hundreds of giant pulses each day, many more thanprevious studies, which indicates the high sensitivity of the radio telescope at Toyokawa (SWIFT). We are working on
development of further pulsar observations using SWIFT.

9. IPS data driven simulation for real-time space weather forecasting
The solar wind and CMEs sometimes cause disturbances in geospace that are closely related to the social life such asradio telecommunications, spacecraft and airplane operation, and GPS navigation. Forecasting of geospace disturbances,i.e., space weather, has therefore become increasingly important. The IPS observations at ISEE detect CMEs andhigh-speed solar winds from stable ground-based radio observations. We have begun development of an IPS data-driven
MHD simulation system under a joint research program with the National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology (NICT), which organizes the Japanese space weather forecasting center. MHD simulation by NICT can estimate
CME propagation in interplanetary space using
initialconditions

given

by

white

light

coronagraph images; IPS observations can beused to derive the locations and speeds of CMEs
in the interplanetary space. In our IPS data-driven
MHD

simulation

system,many

possible

propagation patterns of a CME are calculated, thenthe IPS level is calculated using the 3D electron
density variation derived from each MHD
simulation. The most probable CME propagation
is derived by comparing the calculated IPS
results with the observed IPS results.

Left: IPS disturbances of a CME derived by the IPS observation of ISEE.
Right: Location of the CME derived by the IPS observation.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research359-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research
Research topics and keywords
 Understanding the process of energy transfer from thesolar wind to the magnetosphere and ionosphere Understanding the magnetosphere–ionosphere–
thermosphere coupled system Ground-based and network observation
 Space and planetary exploration

Introduction to Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research
The plasma and energy carried by the solar wind to the Earth and other planets exert physical effects on themagnetosphere and ionosphere, known as geospace. We study these effects and associated phenomena with international
cooperation, primarily, through various observational approaches using ground-based instruments; for example,
European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) radars, High-Frequency (HF)/Very High Frequency (VHF) radars, Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, high-sensitivity passive/active optical instruments, magnetometers, andinstruments onboard satellites/spacecraft, which are developed in our division. We also lead the way to future space
exploration missions based on our expertise.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Measurements of aurora and electromagnetic waves at subauroral latitudes
Since 2016, under the PWING project, we have operated aurora/airglow
imagers and electromagnetic wave receivers at stations in Canada, Russia,
Alaska, Finland, and Iceland around the North Pole at magnetic latitudes of about
60o to investigate the dynamics of plasma and waves in the inner magnetosphere.
Same frequency oscillations at ~1 Hz were identified in the Pc1 geomagnetic
pulsations (EMIC waves) and intensity variations of isolated proton aurora. We
also reported clear differences in ELF/VLF wave features at stations separated by~30 degrees of longitude, indicating the localization of these wave sources in the
inner magnetosphere.

2. Study of the upper atmosphere using optical imaging instruments

Dynamic spectra of (top) intensity
variations of isolated proton aurora.and(bottom) power of the Pc1 geomagnetic
pulsations (EMIC waves).

To investigate the dynamics of the mesosphere, thermosphere, and ionosphere, we routinely operate Optical
Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers (OMTIs), which consist of five sky-scanning Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs), 17
all-sky charge-coupled device (CCD) imagers, three tilting photometers, and three airglow temperature photometers.
Plasma bubble occurrence over Africa has been studied statistically using an all-sky airglow imager operated in Nigeria.

3. Response of the ionosphere and thermosphere to solar flares
Solar flares enhance solar EUV and X-ray radiation to rapidly increase the plasma density in the dayside ionosphere.
We improved the GAIA, a coupled global model of the ionosphere and atmosphere, to investigate plasma density

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depletion in the low latitude evening ionosphere after an intense solar flare, and found that the flare increases the plasma
density in the dayside ionosphere to develop an eastward ionospheric current. Part of the current flows into the nightside
to generate an electric field near the sunset terminator; this electric field transports plasma from low to high latitudes,
which decreases the low latitude plasma density.

4. Temporal and spatial variations of the plasmasphere and ionosphere using GNSS receiver network
To clarify the characteristics of temporal and spatial variations of theplasmasphere and ionosphere during the development and decay of geomagnetic
storms, and their physical mechanism, we collected new GNSS receiver data in
the Canadian and Nordic regions, and developed a database of long-term TEC
observations, and an analysis tool. The analysis results with these products showthat an enhanced TEC region appears in the longitudinal direction in the auroralzone during the main phase of geomagnetic storms. The enhanced TEC region
expands to lower latitudes as geomagnetic storms develop. Furthermore, adecreased TEC region corresponding to the mid-latitude ionospheric troughappears at the lower latitude of the auroral zone. The location of the mid-latitude
ionospheric trough almost coincides with the plasmapause detected by the Arasesatellite traveling in the inner magnetosphere.

TEC map in the northern hemisphere ingeomagnetic coordinates.

5. Study on lunar plasma environment
A tenuous region called the wake forms behind the Moon in the solar wind, and plasma entry/refilling into the wake is afundamental problem in lunar plasma science. We have investigated, in detail, signatures of ions and electrons around the lunar
wake boundary using the Kaguya (SELENE) data. We have proposed a new model of the wake boundary close to the Moon,
taking into account the three-dimensionality of solar wind proton motions. This new model explains electron signatures aroundthe wake boundary detected by Kaguya at an altitude ~100 km from the lunar surface.

6. SuperDARN Hokkaido HF Radars
Using the SuperDARN Hokkaido HF East and West radars at Rikubetsu,
Hokkaido, we studied the statistical characteristics of Sub-Auroral Polarization
Streams (SAPS) and the relationship with ionospheric conductivity determinedby the solar zenith angle. We also used worldwide SuperDARN radar data to
study the characteristics of ionospheric electric field oscillations following
sudden changes in solar wind dynamic pressure.

SuperDARN observation of electric fieldoscillations following a sudden change insolar wind dynamics pressure.

7. EISCAT project promotion: synthetic observations with collocated instruments
The EISCAT Radar Scientific Association is an international organization concentrating on operation of radarsystems in northern Scandinavia. We combined a variety of instruments around the EISCAT radars to conduct
complementary and synthetic observations throughout the ionosphere, thermosphere, and upper mesosphere. In
FY2017, 13 proposals for EISCAT special experiments were accepted by the Japanese EISCAT committee, and 10 ofthese were conducted in collaboration with the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR). Several optical
instruments, including the Na Lidar, the FPI, the 5 wavelengths photometer, and several all-sky cameras wereoperated automatically at the EISCAT Tromsø site. An international session on “Study of coupling processes in theInstitute for Space–Earth Environmental Research379-1. Research Divisions(a) The electron density measured with the EISCAT radar repeatedly increases with aurora substorms, decreasing
its lowest height of ionization. This means that energy of precipitation electrons increases with time.
(b) enhancement of the electron density associate with evolution of auroral patches [Oyama et al., 2017].

solar–terrestrial system”, related to the EISCAT_3D project, was organized at the Japan Geoscience Union (JpGU)
2017 with the Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere (RISH), Kyoto University and NIPR. The 18th
EISCAT symposium was held at NIPR in May 2017.

8. International collaboration to study impacts of the EPP on the atmospheric minor components
Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) can modify the density of atmospheric minor components such as NOx and O3,
which affect the atmospheric temperature and dynamical field through chemical reactions, and we organized an international
collaborative team to study this topic. We analyzed data from ground-based instruments such as the EISCAT radar andoptical cameras and instruments onboard satellites, and presented EPP with the appearance of auroral patches.

9. International collaboration to study thermospheric responses to the substorm onset arc
Auroral morphological and brightness change is regulated by a sequence involving sudden explosive illumination,
which is known as auroral substorm onset. The onset triggers energy flow from the magnetosphere to the polar
ionosphere, and its dissipation modulates the upper atmosphere. One ofthe outstanding questions in this field concerns what area receives theenergy and how the upper atmosphere changes through this energy
input. We analyzed data taken during a coordinated experiment(DELTA-2 in January 2009) with a sounding rocket, the EISCAT radar,a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) and optical cameras. The two windmeasurements with the rocket and FPI revealed that, although windspeeds within about 70 kilometers of the auroral arc increased sharply
as the substorm gained intensity, winds between 160 and 200
kilometers away from the arc’s edge were not affected. This result was
published in JGR Space Physics (Oyama et al., 2017), and chosen as anarticle for the Eos Research Spotlight.

An all-sky image with the breakup aurora(bottom) and a trail of the luminescent puff
released from the rocket (top right). Credit:
National Institute of Polar Research, Japan.

10. Evaluation of a method to derive ionospheric conductivities using two auroral emissions (428 and630 nm) measured with a photometer at Tromsø (69.6°N)
We evaluated a photometric method for derivation of ionospheric conductivities based on simultaneous observations bya photometer (field-of-view = ~1.2°), a digital camera, and the EISCAT UHF radar (field-of-view = ~0.7°) operated at Tromsø,
Norway (69.6°N, 19.2°E), for two nights on October 10 and 11, 2002. We compared height-integrated Pedersen and Hall

38

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conductivities with a post-integration time of 10 sec derived from EISCAT UHF radar observations and photometer
observations with wavelengths of 427.8 and 630.0 nm. In general, good agreement in temporal variations of theheight-integrated Pedersen and Hall conductivities was found between EISCAT and photometer values. We conclude that thephotometric method using wavelengths of 427.8 and 630 nm can capture temporal variations of the conductivities well, but
unavoidable underestimations of the Pedersen (about 30–40%) and Hall (about 50–60%) conductivities are involved.

11. Development of a suprathermal ion energy-mass spectrometer for a Japanese sounding rocket
experiment mission to observe the terrestrial polar ionosphere
We performed final calibrations of the suprathermal ion energy-mass spectrometer for the sounding rocket experiment
mission (SS520-3) of ISAS/JAXA to observe the terrestrial polar ionosphere, which had an original planned launch window
in December, 2017. Using the suprathermal ion beamline at ISEE, at Nagoya University, several ion species (H+, He+, N+,etc.) with energies of 10–500 eV were produced in the ion source and emitted to the spectrometer for checking energy, angle
and mass separation resolutions, which were confirmed to be of intended performance. We also carried out simulated solar
irradiance tests with deuterium emissions and confirmed that the countermeasure performance for reducing dark countnoises caused by solar ultra-violet emissions in the spectrometer was sufficient. (The launch of SS520-3 has been postponed
to 2018 because of rocket common bus system problems.)

12. Investigation on mass spectrometry methods for future neutral particle analyzers
We are currently constructing a new type of neutral particle mass/energy analyzer for future terrestrial/planetary
upper atmospheric explorations. While we have, thus far, developed the analyzer using a method applying a Bennett typehigh-frequency mass spectrometer, there are various technical problems in realization. We are therefore investigating thefeasibility of an analyzer using a spectrometer with a time-of-flight method through numerical simulations of particle
trajectories.

13. Construction of beamline monitoring systems for the developments of future particle analyzers
We are currently constructing beamline systems for calibration of new types of particle analyzers for future
terrestrial/planetary upper atmosphere explorations. We have conducted performance tests on the newly developed
beamline monitoring system using the beamline facilities in our institute and at ISAS/JAXA, and initial operation tests toobtain two-dimensional cross section profiles of the beam fluxes with compensating time variations through software
programing in the system.

14. Data Archives
The following data archives are available to the public:
Database

Web site

OMTIs

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/omti/

GPS scintillation

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/QL-S4/

VHF (30.8 MHz) radar

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/vhfr/

SuperDARN Hokkaido radar

http://cicr.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/hokkaido/

210-mm magnetic field data

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/mm210/

ISEE magnetometer network

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/magne/

ISEE VLF/ELF data

http://stdb2.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/vlf/

EISCAT radar, Sodium Lidar, MF/Meteor radar, Optics

http:// www.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/~eiscat/data/EISCAT.html

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research399-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research
Research topics and keywords
 Millimeter-wave/infrared interferometry of trace gases
such as greenhouse gases and ozone depleting
substances Precipitation measurements by advanced polarimetricradars and hydrometeor videosondes
 Laser/optical measurements and chamber data
analysis of trace gases and aerosol properties
 Development of new instrumental technology
 Development of a numerical cloud model (CReSS) andmeteorological studies with numerical simulations
 Clouds and precipitation observed by multiple satellites

Introduction to Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research
Ongoing global warming caused by increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases will
result in both gradual climate change and intensification of weather extremes and ecological catastrophes. Among themost urgent tasks for confronting global environmental problems more effectively is close monitoring of the atmosphereusing different observation methods and a better understanding of the atmosphere through theoretical insights andnumerical modeling. To address these problems, the Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research is dedicatedto a number of research projects for exploring the atmosphere from a range of different angles.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Characteristics of a positive KDP-peak layer above the melting level in a stratiform region observed by
Ka-band radar and balloon-borne particle observation
Ka-band polarimetric radar is sensitive to the number and shape of ice crystals. A simultaneous observation using Cand Ka-band polarimetric radars and balloon-borne particle soundings, videosondes (VS) and Hydrometeor Videosondes(HYVIS), was conducted at Okinawa Island, Japan, in June 2016. A positive KDP-peak layer between 6.0 and 7.5 km
above the melting level in a stratiform region associated with the Baiu front was observed by the Ka-band radar during the
VS and HYVIS observations on June 3. The maximum KDP value reached 2.5 deg./km in the layer, although that aboveand below the layer was less than 1.0 deg./km. The layer extended over 20 km in the horizontal direction; however, thepositive KDP-peak was not observed by the C-band radar at that time.
An approximate formula for KDP for oblate ice crystals provides a KDP value dependent on the axis ratio, the equal-volume
spherical diameter, and the number concentration of particles. The vertical profile of KDP at every 250 m-height step was estimatedusing VS data and the approximate formula. The estimated KDP profile reproduced the observed profile well, including the positive
KDP-peak layer. The axis ratio is approximately constant in the positive KDP-peak layer and suggests the existence of plate- and/orcolumn-type ice crystals. The number concentration of ice crystals has a clear peak corresponding to the positive KDP-peak layer,
indicating that the positive KDP -peak can be attributed to the large number of plate and/or column-type ice crystals. The VS andHYVIS observations show the existence of a small number of snow-aggregates between the positive KDP-peak layer and themelting level. KDP values below the peak level can be attributed to the aggregation of ice crystals.

2. Possibility of particle identification in solid hydrometeors using Ka-band polarimetric radar
To clarify the relationship between the polarimetric parameters obtained using Ka-band radar and the characteristics of solidhydrometeors in snow clouds, we installed a Ka-band polarimetric radar at Ishikawa Prefectural University in the winter season of40

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-1. Research Divisions

2016–2017. We also installed a PARSIVEL that can observe the size, number, and fall speed of hydrometeors at Kanazawa
University, located within the radar observation range. Here, the objective was to identify particles in solid hydrometeors using thepolarimetric parameters (ZH, ZDR, KDP) obtained by the Ka-band radar. Using the PARSIVEL data, we calculated the center ofmass flux (CMF) every 1 min to categorize dominant precipitation particles. The periods of the dominant particles were divided
into graupel-dominant, snowflake-dominant, and crystal-dominant periods using the CMF. The target region was set as a "circularsector" wherein particles are expected to reach the PARSIVEL observation point based on the movement direction and speed ofthe echo pattern. A total of 78 scanning data from the snowfall event observed on January 24 and 25, 2017, were analyzed.
During the snowflake-dominant period, moderate numbers of crystals and snowflakes were detected by PARSIVEL. The
positive spread in the probability density functions (PDFs) of ZDR and KDP in the target region was analyzed, corresponding toprevious studies using X-band polarimetric radars. A large number of crystals and graupel particles co-exist during the
graupel-dominant period, and the PDFs of ZDR and KDP were wide with both positive and negative components. However, there
were no clear differences between the PDFs of ZDR and KDP between the graupel- and snowflake-dominant periods; hence,
particle identification in solid hydrometeors using polarimetric parameters obtained by Ka-band radar is likely to be difficult.

3. Cloud radar observation for the initial development stage of summer cumulonimbus clouds
During summer in Japan, atmospheric stratification becomes unstable due to heating from the ground surface under strongsolar radiation. Isolated convective clouds are frequently generated without large-scale disturbance; some of these convective
clouds are highly developed and cause intense precipitation over short time periods. In contrast, many convective clouds
disappear without development. To examine the characteristics of the initial development stage of highly developed
cumulonimbus clouds, we conducted an observation using a Nagoya University cloud radar during the summer of 2017 in Kobe.
The cloud radar is capable of detecting small cloud particles using a shorter wavelength (Ka band) than the more widely usedprecipitation radar, with high spatial resolution. The observation results suggested that there was a significant difference in theorganization of convective cells between developed and undeveloped convective clouds. This observation project was conductedusing a range of instruments in collaboration with other research institutions, and will be continued in the next fiscal year.

4. Development of MP-PAWR and analysis of a tornado event using PAWR
Under the CSTI’s SIP program, a dual polarization multi-parameter phased array weather radar (MP-PAWR) was developedin cooperation with NICT, Tokyo Metropolitan University, the Toshiba Corporation and Nagoya University. Since MP-PAWR
can provide denser 3-D data with a temporal resolution 10 times greater than that of conventional weather radar, it can be used toobserve rapidly changing clouds such as torrential rain and tornadoes. A cumulonimbus cloud that brought a waterspout inOkinawa Prefecture was analyzed using single polarized phased array weather radar (PAWR) as a preliminary study for
MP-PAWR. The cumulonimbus cloud was observed both by the KIN radar from Nagoya University located at the University of
the Ryukyus and the PAWR located at NICT. In this analysis, a miso-scale vortex with a diameter of 1 to 2 km corresponding to ahook echo was observed, and the PAWR data revealed the detailed vertical extent of the miso-cyclone with high temporal resolution.

5. Radiative regulation of tropical convection by preceding cirrus clouds
Radiative-convective interactions, although known to be a critical physical element of the Earth’s atmosphere, are
not understood in the context of the development of individual convective systems. This work targeted evidence of
convective-radiative interactions in satellite measurements, with a focus on the variability over the life cycle of tropicalconvection. To this end, the vertical profiles of cloud cover and radiative heating from the CloudSat-CALIPSO products
were sorted into a composite time series around the hours of convective occurrence identified by TRMM PR. Cirrus cloud
cover begins to increase, accompanied by a notable reduction in LW cooling, in moist atmospheres even 1–2 days before
deep convection is invigorated. In contrast, LW cooling stays efficient and clouds remain shallow where the ambient air isvery dry. A possible mechanism to support this observation was discussed using a simple conceptual model. The model

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research419-1. Research Divisions

suggests that the preceding cirrus clouds could radiatively promote moistening with the aid of congestus-mode (or avertical mode with a lower-tropospheric updraft) dynamics within a short period of time (about 2 days), as observed.

6. Monitoring of stratospheric ozone, UV, and aerosols in the Patagonia region, South America
We have continued a joint research project with Argentina and Chile called “Development of the Atmospheric
Environmental Risk Management System in South America”, as part of the SATREPS program operated by the Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). In 2017, we developed arisk information platform called GeoUV that provides UV forecasting and real-time UV data obtained from 36 stations
located over Chile and Argentina. In addition, development of an aerosol lidar network that consists of nine lidars spreadover the two countries has been completed in collaboration with the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES).
To forecast the influence of the ozone hole on the southern tip regions of South America, we conducted comparative
experiments with two ozone prediction models in collaboration with the model analysis group at NIES. One is a chemical transportmodel nudged towards the meteorological forecast data provided by NCEP/GFS (model 1), and the other is a chemical climate
assimilation mode using a local ensemble transform Kalman filter (model 2). The model results show good agreement with theobserved data from OMI, within ±10 DU for 1-week forecasts and ±20 DU for 10-day forecasts, from models 1 and 2, respectively.
Fluctuations of ozone (O3) concentrations with dimensions of a few kilometers, so-called O3 laminae, were identified in
the southern tip region during the 4th campaign observation in 2016. In 2017, we conducted a statistical analysis using thearchived ozonesonde measurements from after 2008 and meteorological reanalysis data MERRA2/NASA to clarify the
relationship between O3 laminae and atmospheric waves. We found that Rossby wave–induced variability accounts for alarger proportion of the observed variability than gravity wave-induced variability in this region. We also found that theeffect of Rossby waves is more significant inside the polar vortex than outside or near the edge of the polar vortex in thestratosphere, in the period between June and November.

7. Observations of chemical composition changes in the polar mesosphereDue to the magnetic field configuration, the polar mesosphere is a region where energetic particle precipitation(EPP) events trigger a series of ion-molecule chemical reactions caused by ionization and dissociation of nitrogen andoxygen molecules, and affect the atmospheric composition. To understand these processes more fully, the ISEE and the
NIPR conducted continuous monitoring of nitric oxide (NO) and O3 concentrations in the mesosphere and lower
thermosphere using a ground-based millimeter-wave spectral radiometer from January 2012 onwards. During a
geomagnetic storm event in April 2017, we detected a fourfold enhancement of the NO column density, and also foundthat the annual variation of the NO column has exhibited a gradual decrease in amplitude since 2015.
Measurements with the millimeter-wave spectral radiometer installed at Tromsø, Norway, in collaboration with the
University of Tromsø are suspended because of an abnormal increase in the room temperature, and snow cover to theskylight. We have installed a warm air system at the container and confirmed that it works well. Simultaneous
measurements of NO in Syowa and Tromsø will start again in the 2018 season.

8. Long-term monitoring of tropospheric and stratospheric minor constituents using a high-resolution
Fourier-Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectrometer at Rikubetsu
Measurements of atmospheric trace gases in the troposphere and stratosphere with ground-based high-resolution FTIR
instruments (Bruker IFS120 M up to 2010 and Bruker IFS120/5HR since 2014) have been conducted since 1995 as part of the
Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). A solar absorption spectrum is obtained with six
optical filters in the 2–15 μm region with a resolution of 0.0035 cm-1, and the vertical distribution of trace gases is retrieved fromthe measured spectrum using the SFIT4 (version 0.944) software with the uniform retrieval parameters recommended by NDACC.
Total column amounts and vertical profiles of O3, HCl, HF, HNO3, ClONO2, CH4, C2H6, N2O, CO, HCN and CCl4 are observed,

42

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and their temporal variations and long-term trends from 1995 to 2016 have been obtained. The observed partial column ofstratospheric O3 does not show any significant trend, although that in the troposphere seemed to decrease in the 2000s. Negative
trends were observed in the time series of the HCl and ClONO2 columns since 2000, consistent with global results. Significant
enhancement of HCN in the lower stratosphere from 1998 to 2001 was also observed, and a trajectory analysis suggested that thiswas not affected by transport of a polluted air mass following the huge biomass burning event in Indonesia in 1997.

9. Development of a wide frequency range and dynamic range detector for a new radiometer system
Recently, millimeter-terahertz band technologies for application to information, telecommunications and radio astronomy
research have developed rapidly. We are developing a new receiver system for our atmospheric radiometers that is wide-band, highly
sensitive and highly accurate based on these new technologies. This year, we have developed a superconducting tunnel junction (SIS)
device and a multiplexer in the 200 GHz band through collaborative research with the Advanced Technology Center (ATC) at the
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) and NICT, respectively. We have successfully fabricated SIS devices in a clean
room at the ATC, and started measurement of the performance of these devices. The multiplexer is a waveguide component for
observation of multi-line atmospheric molecules (O3, NOx, HOx and ClOx) in Antarctica. At NICT, we have fabricated a waveguidecircuit for the multiplexer by metal cutting, and measured the transmission characteristics with a mm-band network analyzer at NICT.
This result correlated well with a 3D electromagnetic field simulator, and we have proved the validity of our waveguide circuit design.

10. Measurement of column-averaged molar mixing ratios of CO2 using a portable spectrometer in Tokyo
We measured the daytime column-averaged dry-air molar mixing ratios of atmospheric CO2 and XCO2 in the central area ofTokyo between September 2014 and August 2016 using a portable optical spectrometer. The observed seasonal cycle wascompared with that from the TCCON site in Tsukuba, 60 km northeast of Tokyo. The seasonal variation of XCO2 at the Tsukubasite has maxima around March-April and minima in August-September. In contrast, the seasonal variations of XCO2 at the Tokyosite reach maxima in December–January and minima in July–August. There are large differences in XCO2 concentrations between
the two different sites (~5 ppm) in December–February; however, these differences are smaller (~0.5 ppm) in June–September,probably due to large anthropogenic emissions of CO2 from heating, especially in winter in the Tokyo metropolitan area.

11. Observation of PM2.5 using low-cost optical sensors in Asian countries
Fine particulate matter such as PM2.5 has negative impacts on human health, causing heart disease, stroke, lungcancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, resulting in premature mortality. We have developed a new palm-sized
optical PM2.5 sensor with the Panasonic Corporation. The PM2.5 mass concentrations obtained by this sensor correlate
well with corresponding data obtained by large beta-attenuation monitors in many places. The PM2.5 sensor has been used
for observation in Asian countries, including Hanoi in Vietnam, New Delhi in India, and Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia. In both
New Delhi and Ulaanbaatar, very high concentrations of PM2.5 of over 1000 μg/m3 were observed in winter, probably due
to emissions from combustion processes such as burning of agricultural residues and combustion for heating/cooking.

12. Observation of ozone-induced potential aerosol formation in a suburban forest
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles, which are generated during oxidation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs), constitute a large fraction of submicron particles. However, the formation processes of SOA remain largely
uncertain. As a new approach to investigating their formation processes, ozone-induced potential aerosol formation wasmeasured in summer at a suburban deciduous forest near Tokyo. After passage through a reactor containing highconcentrations of ozone, increases in total particle volume were observed; however, the model simulation could explain only
40% of the observed particle formation, and large discrepancies were found, especially during the daytime when theconcentrations of isoprene and oxygenated VOCs were high. The results suggest a significant contribution from missing
SOA formation processes from VOCs, especially those emitted during the daytime.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research439-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research
Research topics and keywords
 Global warming and changes in terrestrial
water-material cycles in the Arctic circumpolar region
 Effects of climate change and anthropogenic forcing
on the terrestrial ecosystem Cloud/rainfall variability in Asian monsoon regions
 Dynamics of phytoplankton in marginal seas andcoastal areas
 Climate variability and changing open ocean
ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycle
 Interaction between oceanic waves and climate
variations

Introduction to Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research
The Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research Division investigates regional and global energy, water and material cycles,
and physical/biogeochemical processes in the land–ocean ecosystem.
The land research group contributes to advancing our understanding of the mechanisms of how on-going global
warming and anthropogenic activity influence the terrestrial water cycle and ecosystem. Using field observations, satellite
remote sensing, global meteorological data analysis, laboratory analysis, and model simulation approaches, our group
works to understand the impact of global warming on hydrological and greenhouse gas cycles in the Arctic region, thedynamics of the continental scale water cycle, the processes that drive weather and climate over Asia, the interplay
between the terrestrial ecosystem and the climate, and the detection of early signs of the influence of global warming in
Antarctica.
Ocean research is performed using satellite remote sensing, numerical simulations, and in-situ observations. We
perform synthetic studies of physical and biogeochemical processes in the ocean and their interactions with theatmosphere and climate. In particular, we investigate the manner in which oceanic heat content, circulation, and surface
waves interact with atmospheric environments and how they are linked to climate and meteorological phenomena such as
tropical cyclones. We also investigate how variations in ocean circulation, mixing processes, and air–sea fluxes
influence marine ecosystems where phytoplankton is a primary producer. Moreover, we are interested in the possible
impact of the marine ecosystem on physical processes and climate in the ocean and atmosphere.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Measurement of methane flux over a larch forest in eastern Siberia
The role of forests in methane cycling is not well understood, in part because of difficulties in assessing methane
fluxes at the canopy scale, while previous chamber measurements at the forest floor show that many forest soils provide amethane sink. In particular, even though about 70 percent of boreal forest is in Eurasia, mostly in the Russian Federation,
canopy-scale methane fluxes over such forests have not been reported. Thus, we measured the methane flux over a larch
forest in eastern Siberia using the eddy covariance technique. The canopy-scale methane flux was calculated to bepositive (methane emission), while the forest floor of this site was reported to be a methane sink by a previous study.
However, since the absolute value of the methane flux is generally small over forests, it is necessary to pay sufficientattention to the accuracy of instruments and the quality of data for a better understanding of methane fluxes.

44

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-1. Research Divisions

2. Modeling of larch forest dynamics in eastern Siberia under a changing climate
According to a projection from an earth system model under the RCP8.5 scenario, the boreal forest in eastern Siberia
is predicted to experience significant changes in climate, with a positive change in mean annual air temperature and a
twofold increase in annual precipitation by the end of the 21st century. Since the forest in this region is underlain bycontinuous permafrost, increases in both temperature and precipitation will affect forest dynamics through soil-water
processes. To investigate such effects, we applied a newly developed terrestrial ecosystem dynamics model named‘S-TEDy’ to a larch forest in eastern Siberia. By considering coexisting liquid water and ice under freezing temperatures,the seasonal variation in liquid soil water content was reproduced, and the above-ground biomass of larch trees calculatedby S-TEDy agreed well with the values reported by previous studies.

3. Interpretation of ENSO-related precipitation changes in northern Borneo
The rainfall in Borneo exhibits an inter-annual variability related to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
However, there is not yet any comprehensive explanation of how the ENSO influences the year-to-year rainfall in Borneo.
Here, we employed a new approach based on the oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) to investigate ENSO-related rainfall
variability. The values of δ18O can be used to identify dominant factors controlling the ENSO-related Borneo rainfall
variation, since its relative concentration is related to the moisture sources of precipitation. In this study, we merged threeoxygen isotopic datasets available in Borneo into a single rainfall δ18O dataset and created a 7-year long record from 2004
to 2011. We found that large negative δ18O excursions are associated with synoptic-scale convective activity over the SCS,
and the frequency of the convective activity is closely linked to the ENSO. Along with the significant correlation between
δ18O variations and Borneo rainfall variations on an inter-annual timescale, we concluded that ENSO-related Borneo
rainfall variations can be chiefly attributed to changes in the frequency at which synoptic-scale convective activities occur.

4. Role of land surface processes on summer heavy rainfall over South Asia
The Meghalaya Plateau of northeast India, with a maximum elevation of approximately 2000 m, is one of the wettest
places in the world. Precipitation over the southern slope of the plateau is enhanced at nighttime under the westerly regime(WR) in the windward area over Bangladesh. Under the WR, a strong southwesterly low-level jet (LLJ) with a core of lessthan 1,500 m across Bangladesh encounters the southern slope of the plateau, and localized strong low-level southerlies
running parallel to the Arakan Mountains (i.e., the barrier jet) also blow toward the plateau, concentrating convective
unstable air onto its southern slopes. This situation provides favorable conditions for high orographic precipitation aroundthe plateau. Atmospheric boundary layer processes over the plain of Bangladesh change the structure of the LLJ toward
the plateau and cause a diurnal variation. The verticallywell-mixed layer over land decelerates the prevailing
low-level wind toward the plateau during the daytime andbreaks up the LLJ structure, resulting in reduced daytime
rainfall over the southern slopes. In contrast, the wind speed
toward the southern slopes accelerates at night and exhibits aclear LLJ structure from 950 to 925 hPa above the surface
stable layer, resulting in very high nocturnal rainfall.
(Reference: Fujinami, H., T. Sato, H. Kanamori and F.
Murata, 2017: Contrasting features of monsoon precipitation
around the Meghalaya Plateau under westerly and easterly
regimes. J. Geophys. Res. Atmospheres, 122, 9591-9610,
DOI: 10.1002/2016JD026116.)

A schematic of the low-level jet (LLJ) and atmosphericboundary layer from the Bay of Bengal to the Meghalaya
Plateau during nighttime under the WR.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research45

9-2. Research Centers

5. New Instrument for Joint Research at ISEE: Sea Spray Aerosol Optical Particle Counter
Some of recent numerical studies on tropical cyclones haveadopted an atmosphere-ocean surface-wave coupled model toincorporate the evolution of surface waves (Aiki et al. 2015). Thissurface wave information allows for advanced versions of bulk
formulae for air-sea fluxes, such as wind stress and heat fluxes, to be
used. It is necessary to develop yet further our understanding of
microscopic material transport mechanisms, such as the distributionof sea-spray particles, associated with wind wave breaking. We havedeveloped an optical particle spectrometer probe that can measuresize-resolved particle concentrations in 8 bins spanning the diameter
range between 0.3 and 15 micrometers at a rate of 10 Hz. The probeSea-spray spectrometer probe on a mooringbuoy.

is also equipped with a 3-axis accelerometer to monitor basic marine-meteorological conditions as well as the phase of
surface wave breaking. Preliminary measurements of sea spray have been performed in both Otuchi Bay in Iwate
prefecture and Tanabe Bay in Wakayama prefecture, the latter of which successfully captured the passage of Tropical
Cyclone Noru at 15 JST on August 7th, 2017, with a wind speed of 23 m/s and a wave height of 3.8 m. The sea-spray
spectrometer probe has been registered as a new instrument for Joint Research at ISEE, and is expected to yield a series of
new studies spanning the fields of meteorology, atmospheric chemistry, physical oceanography, and marine engineering.
We have also promoted the study of surface waves by holding an annual workshop for the community, and by publishing a
textbook on wave-mean-flow interaction theories for the ocean and atmosphere (Aiki, 2018).
(Reference: Aiki, H. 2018: Waves, eddies and mean flows in the ocean – the background and outlook of interaction
theories –, Meteorological Research Note (published by Meteorological Society of Japan), vol. 235, 175 pp.)

6. Seasonal variations in δ15N of settling particles in the western North Pacific
The isotope delta of particulate nitrogen δ15N(PN) in the upper ocean is governed by both δ15N in substrates andisotopic fractionation during PN formation. δ15N for particles incorporated into sediments have frequently been used toreconstruct paleo-nutrient conditions and primary productivity (PP). δ15N(PN) variations observed so far in the modern
ocean are, however, still incompletely explained. We examined the δ15N time-series of settling particles collected using amoored sediment trap (MST) in subtropical station S1 (30°N, 145°E) and subarctic station K2 (47°N, 160°E), toinvestigate the factors controlling δ15N variation, and to assess its use as a proxy for the upper oceanic condition. These
MST experiments revealed distinct seasonal patterns of δ15N(PN) at bothsites. Analyses with hydrographical data concluded that i) δ15N(PN)
variations in S1 were attributable to changes in nitrate supply into theeuphotic zone from below, via mixing, while ii) those in K2 were due tolight-controlled ammonium consumption by nitrifiers and, thereby,
depended on light conditions within the mixed layer. Furthermore,significant correlations were found between δ15N(PN) and PP in both sites(Figure). This implied that productivities in S1 and K2 would vary,dependent on nitrate and light availabilities, respectively. For both sites,
even with contrasting oceanographic conditions, similar δ15N(PN) vs PP
relationships support the utility of δ15N for estimating PP. However, it is
not clear why the differences in resources limiting PP is not reflected, andthis should be resolved to establish theδ15N proxy for productivity.

46

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Relationship between δ15N of MST particles
and primary productivity in subtropic region
S1 and subarctic region K2.

9-1. Research Divisions

7. Improved satellite estimation of global near-surface air specifichumidity
Near-surface air specific humidity is designated as an Essential Climate
Variable (ECV) and a key variable in the estimation of air-sea latent heat flux andevaporation from the ocean surface. An accurate estimation over the global ocean
is required. Current satellite remote sensing techniques are problematic and amajor source of errors in flux and evaporation. This study proposes a new method
for estimating surface humidity, using satellite microwave radiometer instruments,
based on new findings on the relationships between multi-channel brightness
temperatures measured by satellite microwave radiometers, surface humidity, andthe vertical moisture structure. Satellite estimations using the new method werecompared with in situ observations to evaluate the method, and confirmed thatsatellite estimations could be significantly improved (Figure). Moreover, thisimprovement has a significant impact on estimation of the latent heat flux. In
particular, significant improvements were found in the western boundary current
region where the world’s largest heat release from the ocean is observed.
Application to wide-range climate and air-sea interaction studies is expected.
(Reference: Tomita et al. 2018, Improved satellite estimation of near-surface
humidity using vertical water vapor profile information. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45,doi: 10.1002/2017GL076384)

Comparison with in situ buoy
observation for (a) this study and (b)previous
study.
Color
means
normalized data density.

8. Phytoplankton spring bloom: early anti-clockwise eddy and late clockwise eddy
It is known that abundance of phytoplankton increases during spring in temperate ocean. It is also known that
oceanic currents forms eddy structures, like cyclone and anti-cyclone which correspond anti-clockwise and clockwise in
the northern hemisphere, respectively. However, there have been no previous investigations of the influence of eddies on
the spring phytoplankton bloom. In the Japan Sea, where eddy activity is intense, seasonal changes in phytoplankton, inthe eddies, were observed using satellite data from 2002 to 2011. Satellite sea surface height data indicate the presence of
frequent clockwise and anti-clockwise eddies, with diameters of 100 km near the Noto Peninsula. Satellite chlorophyll-adata showed that, in anti-clockwise eddies, phytoplankton
increases in late February when the water temperature is
stilldecreasing

whereas,inclockwiseeddies,phytoplankton increases in early April when the watertemperature is increasing. In anti-clockwise eddies, themixed layer is shallow and phytoplankton populations canincrease with a slight increase in sunlight, whereas inclockwise eddies, the mixed layer is deep and the mixing
conditions

must

be

weakenedforphytoplankton

development. This is the first study showing thedifferences of the timing and the mechanism of thephytoplankton spring bloom with different types of eddies.
(Reference: Maúre et al., 2017, Mesoscale eddies
control the timing of spring phytoplankton blooms: A casestudy in the Japan Sea. Geophys. Res. Lett., 44, 11,115–
11,124., doi:10.1002/2017GL074359)

Mechanism of phytoplankton spring bloom in anti-clockwise(upper) and clockwise (lower) eddies.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research479-1. Research Divisions

Research Divisions

9-1. Division for Chronological Research
Research topics and keywords








Radiocarbon (14C) dating by Accelerator mass
spectrometry (AMS)
Developing radiocarbon (14C) pre-treatment andmeasurement techniques
Analysis of cosmogenic nuclides
CHIME (chemical U-Th total Pb isochron method)
Microanalysis and spectroscopy
Geochronology
Isotope analysis

Introduction to Division for Chronological Research
Short- and long-term forecasts of global environmental changes and their countermeasures are issues of great
urgency. Determining when an event occurred in the past, “dating,” is of great importance to predict future states of the
Earth. Therefore, we conduct chronological studies on a broad range of subjects from events in Earth’s history spanningapproximately 4.6 billion years, to archeological materials, cultural properties, and modern cultural assets. The Tandetron
dating group conducts interdisciplinary research that involves radiocarbon (14C) dating using accelerator mass
spectrometry (AMS) to understand changes in the Earth’s environment and the cultural history of humankind fromapproximately 50,000 years ago to the present day. In addition, the group studies near-future forecasts of Earth and spaceenvironments, focusing on spatiotemporal variations in cosmogenic nuclides, such as 14C and 10Be, and conducts researchthat integrates art and science through collaborations between researchers in archeology, historical science, and otherfields. The micro-scale spatial dating group uses CHIME (the chemical U-Th total Pb isochron method), which was firstdeveloped at Nagoya University, to shed light on events in Earth’s history from the formation of Earth 4.6 billion years
ago up to approximately 1 million years ago. With an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), non-destructive
microanalyses of rocks and other samples are performed to reveal records of complex events recorded in zircon, monazite,
and other materials.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Climate and tectonic history in the Levant
The area surrounding the Dead Sea, the Levant, was the locus of humankind’s migration out of Africa and, thus,
has been a home for peoples since the Stone Age. Understanding the climate and tectonic history of this region provides
valuable insights into archaeology and studies of human history, and helps in gaining a better picture of future climate
and tectonic scenarios. An International Continental Scientiﬁc Drilling Program(ICDP) deep drilling project was performed in the Dead Sea between November
2010 and March 2011. The project was conducted by the ICDP and scientists in
Israel, Germany, Japan, Norway, Switzerland, and the United States. We haveworked on deciphering evidence of past climates and crustal deformation fromcollected sediment cores. AMS 14C dating of plant fossils from the upper 150 m ofthe sediment core revealed the occurrence time of climate and tectonic movement
events over the past 50,000 years. We explored the relationship between thesefindings and the migration of early modern humans (Homo sapiens).

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Drilling, observation and samplingin the Dead Sea; drilling at a water
depth of 300 meters.

9-1. Research Divisions

2. Small-scale 14C dating of sediment core drilled from off Zambezi River, Africa
International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 361 drilled six sites at the southeast African margin andin the southwest Indian Ocean using a D/V JOIDES Resolution, from January to March 2016. Site U1477 was located at
the continental slope of the western Mozambique Channel near the Zambezi
River delta, and the sediment at Site U1477 is mainly composed of silty clay,
with an abundance of planktonic foraminifer of less than 1%. The small-scale
14

C dating (~80 micrograms of carbon) results for planktonic foraminifer

from the U1477 core indicate that the sedimentation rate (~1.2 m/kyr) of thiscore marks it as a very early sediment, and the age of the lowermost part ofthe core (~181 m) is approximately 150 ka. In future research,high-resolution reconstructions of African climate and environmental
changes over the past 150,000 years will be obtained.

D/V JOIDES Resolution.

3. Reconstruction of hydrological variability during the late last glacial period from Lake Baikal sedimentin southern Siberia
We reconstructed the hydrological variability (river input andchemical weathering intensity) at Lake Baikal in southern Siberia,using two independent sedimentological and geochemical proxies.
This is a key region for bridging the spatial gap in climate
reconstructions from the late glacial period. We found that themillennial-scale hydrological variability during the late last glacial
period (31–11.5 cal ka BP) is associated with solar activity changes,
with wet (dry) climate conditions in the Siberian region corresponding
to solar maxima (minima). Millennial-scale biological responses tohydrological changes resulting from solar activity during the lastglacial period were also observed. Our results indicate that
solar-induced millennial-scale hydroclimate variability appears to

Lake Baikal and the terminal facet.

control Eurasian biological change during the late last glacial period.

4. Chemical characteristics of 10Be in bed-sediments of rivers flowing into Lake Biwa
We investigated the chemical characteristics of meteoric 10Be extracted from bed-sediments in the Yasu and Adorivers flowing into Lake Biwa, central Japan. The sediments were sieved into 5 grain-size fractions (180–150 μm, 150–
125 μm, 125–63 μm, 63–32 μm, and <32 μm), and each of the fractions was sequentially leached into three phases:
exchangeable, amorphous oxy-hydroxide, and crystalline oxy-hydroxide phases. The results were as follows: 1) most10

Be (~95% of the total 10Be) was located in theamorphous and crystalline oxy-hydroxide phases of
bed-sediments for all grain size fractions; 2) the 10Be
concentrations of all the leachates decreased withincreasing grain size; 3) the bed-sediments from upperstreams showed higher 10Be concentrations than those
from

lower

streams;

and4)

meteoric

10

Be

concentrations in river bed-sediments is strongly
dependent on river water pH as well as grain size.
Upstream (left) and downstream (right) parts of the Ado river.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research499-2. Research Centers

5. Cultural history of PaleoAsia
Modern humans (Homo sapiens) originated in East Africa approximately 200,000
years ago and migrated to the Eurasian continent while adapting to a diversified
environment in Asia some 50,000 years ago, subsequently replacing more primitive species
including Neanderthals. We conducted an interdisciplinary research project to understandthe Cultural History of PaleoAsia (supported by Scientific Research on Innovative Areas,
MEXT Grant-in-Aid Project FY2016–2020). We are advancing field studies of ruins andwetlands (Vietnam, Mongolia, Oman, Iran, Jordan, Pakistan) to explore the residence

Excavating cave ruins in Iran.

environments and lifestyles of early modern humans and past climate conditions.

6. Radiocarbon dating of carbonate hydroxyapatite in fossil bones
We are aiming for accurate 14C dating of carbonate hydroxyapatite(CHa), a bone inorganic component, in cremated bone with little remaining
organic carbon from collagen. This year, we investigated seven burned bones
collected from the Göytepe and Damjili archeological sites in Azerbaijan. The
bone samples had low CHa crystallinity, and 14C dates ~400 (Göytepe) and
1000–1700 (Damjili) years younger than expected. The results indicate thatthe bones had been burned at a low temperature (<600ºC), that they wereheavily contaminated through diagenetic alteration during burial because of
low CHa crystallinity, and that the degree of contamination from foreign
carbon into the bones varied with burial conditions.

Burned bone samples from Azerbaijan.

7. Radiocarbon dating of the famous ancient sutras written in Asuka and Nara periods
We measured the radiocarbon ages of six famous ancient sutras written in the Asuka and Nara periods: Myohorenge
kyo attributed to Nakatomi no Kamatari (AD614–669), Gogatsu Tsuitati kyo (AD770), Uokai kyo (AD770),
Hyakumanntou Darani (AD764–770), Jishinin Darani (AD764–770), and Todaiji Nigatsudo Yakegyo (AD729–767). The
calibrated radiocarbon ages of six samples excluding Myohorenge kyo and Jishinin Darani were consistent with their
paleographical ages. In particular, Hyakumanntou Darani was shown to be the oldest print in the world. If Myohorenge
kyo was truly written by Nakatomi no Kamatari, it would be the oldest existing sutra; however, its calibrated radiocarbon
age was 1299–1404 cal AD and, hence, this theory was refuted by theradiocarbon dating. Jishinin Darani had been known as one of the oldest
existing prints; however, radiocarbon dating indicated that Jishinin Darani
was printed in 1527–1656 cal AD and, thus, is not one of the oldest prints.
Hyakumanntou Darani.

8. Radiocarbon dating to bronze implement
Radiocarbon dating is a useful method for samples that contain carbon derived fromatmospheric CO2. Verdigris, CuCO3・Cu(OH)2, is rust produced on bronze implements,
formed from Cu in bronze and CO2 from the atmosphere. When verdigris is initially formed,
it produces a close film and limits generation of new rust and, therefore, verdigris shouldpreserve atmospheric carbon from its time of formation. First, we improved the carbon
extraction method for CuCO3・Cu(OH)2, then applied the method to archaeological samplesof known age, measured the radiocarbon ages and combined the verdigris radiocarbon dating
samples to demonstrate that verdigris is a suitable medium for radiocarbon dating.

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Bronzepipesampleexcavated from Hekirichi
Jin’ya site, Hokuto.

9-1. Research Divisions

9. CHIME monazite age of Sanbagawa metamorphic rock
The Sanbagawa metamorphic rocks of epidote–amphibolite facies are extensively
exposed in Nushima at the southern end of the Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. CHIME ages
were determined for monazite grains from the Sanbagawa metamorphic rocks.
CHIME monazite ages are 92.3 ± 3.2 and 90.3 ± 4.7 Ma for two chlorite–rich rocks
collected from the reaction zone between pelitic schists and serpentinites. The
monazite grains occur as isolated phases or aggregates with rutile/ilmenite inchlorite-rich matrix, and thus the CHIME monazite ages are interpreted to represent
recrystallization close to the peak stage of prograde epidote-amphibolite facies
metamorphism. This study is a first report of U-Pb age of the Sanbagawa
epidote-amphibolite facies stage.

Monazite-bearing reaction
zone between pelitic schists
and serpentinites.

10. Zonal structures of garnet implying material mixing during prograde metamorphism
Kyanite-quartz eclogites, which were recrystallized under metamorphic conditions of 2.3–2.4 GPa/675–740°C,
represent the deeper part of the Sanbagawa subduction zone. Garnet grains in the quartz eclogites are grouped into fourtypes according to the compositional trends of their cores and these different type-zoned garnet grains sometimes
coexist in a thin section. Central parts of these garnet
grains usually show different compositional trends
to each other, and their marginal parts share a similar
compositional trend, implying that the equilibrium
whole-rock compositional system changed duringsubduction metamorphism. This suggests that, insome cases, material interaction promoted bymechanical mixing probably controls mineralreactions and modification of mineral paragenesis ofhigh-pressure metamorphic rocks.

Coexisting garnet grains showing different types of zonal structure.

11. Accurate dead time correction in quantitative electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)
A

pseudo-fixed

dead

time

circuitwithanon-extendable approximation was developed to prevent
systematic

errorsinquantitativeelectronprobe

microanalysis (EPMA) caused by inappropriate dead timecorrections. EPMA of trace elements using wavelength
dispersive spectrometers (WDS) requires high probe
current and/or accelerating voltage. Therefore, the X-ray
count rate of a standard material becomes extremely highwhen measured under the same conditions. Consequently,
the accuracy of the dead time correction is a significant
issue for quantification. The designed circuit suppresses thesystematic error of the dead time correction to 0.6% or lesswhen the true X-ray count rate is less than 200 kcps.

Monte Carlo simulation results of percentile errors.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research519-2. Research Centers

Centers
9-2. ResearchCenter for International Collaborative Research (CICR)
Research topics and keywords
 Internationally coordinated programs Ground-based observation networks and satellite
projects
 Hosting international workshops
 International exchange of foreign and Japanese
researchers and students Capacity building in developing countries throughtraining courses and schools
 Observatories

Introduction to CICR
The Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR) was established in October 2015 to promoteinternational collaborative studies for understanding physical mechanisms of the phenomena occurring in the space–Sun–
Earth environmental system and their interactions with each other. The CICR provides leadership to encourage andpromote internationally coordinated programs, such as those carried out by the Scientific Committee On Solar-TErrestrial
Physics (SCOSTEP) and Future Earth, ground-based observation networks, international satellite projects, hosting ofinternational workshops and conferences, international exchange of foreign and Japanese researchers and students, andcapacity building in developing countries through training courses and schools. The CICR has taken over from theGeospace Research Center of the former Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University.
Cycle 24 of the 11-year solar cycle had the smallest maximum of the past 100 years, and world scientists in have astrong interest in this anomaly and its consequences for Earth’s environment. Thus, SCOSTEP under the International
Council for Science (ICSU) commenced a 5-year international program entitled “Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial
Impact (VarSITI)” in 2014. One of the co-chairs of the VarSITI program is part of the CICR, and is responsible for taking
a lead in this program. The CICR publishes a VarSITI Newsletter every three months, operates a VarSITI mailing list thatcurrently contains more than 800 VarSITI members from more than 60 countries, and coordinates international
symposiums related to VarSITI. The CICR also contributes to other international programs related to the space–Sun–
Earth environment, such as Future Earth and Integrated Land Ecosystem-atmosphere Processes Study (iLEAPS). In
relation to these international programs, the CICR also takes part in/operates ground-based observation projects, i.e., the
EISCAT radar project, OMTIs, the ISEE magnetometer network, the SuperDARN radar network including the Hokkaido
HF radars, the ISEE VLF/ELF network, and theArCS operation office.
The

CICR

is

operating

the

new

international collaborative research programsfrom fiscal year 2016. The CICR also holds
fourdomestic

observatories

atMoshiri,Rikubetsu, Fuji, and Kagoshima, which makeobservations of the solar wind, the geomagnetic
field, and the upper atmosphere. Some of theseobservations have been conducted for morethan 30 years.

52

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Observation sites and foreign collaborative institutions of ISEE.

9-2. Research Centers

Main Achievements in FY2017
In FY 2017, the CICR conducted the following international
collaborative research programs: 1) Joint Research Program (International, 27
projects), 2) ISEE International Joint Research Program to invite 15 foreign
researchers, and 3) two ISEE/CICR International Workshops, as well as
inviting 12 foreign designated professors and associate professors. Two newly
designated professors were hired through a 5-year cross appointment with US
universities and institutions. The ISEE/CICR International Workshop aimed
to facilitate comprehensive discussions on a focused topic with 10–15
attendees over one week, and summarize the results into international journal
papers and/or books. Eleven CICR colloquium were held with foreign seniorscientists from nine countries including the US, UK, Germany and Russia.
For the SCOSTEP/VarSITI program, we published four VarSITI
newsletters in FY 2017, in May, July, October and January. We also organized
the 2nd VarSITI General Symposium in Irkutsk, Russia, in June 2017. We
continue to operate the VarSITI mailing list which contains ~1000 scientists

VarSITINewsletter vol. 16 (Jan. 2018).

from ~70 countries, and support selection of eleven international symposiums,
five database constructions, and one campaign observation by VarSITI. In relation to the VarSITI project, we organized
two international schools on the equatorial and low-latitude ionosphere, in Nigeria in September 2017 and in Indonesia in
March 2018. One young scientist from India was invited to ISEE under the SCOSTEP Visiting Scholar (SVS) program forcollaborative research on middle latitude thermosphere dynamics.
Under the ICCON Project, 29 scientists from the US, UK, China, Korea, Russia, Germany and Japan joined theoperation of the Nobeyama Radioheliograph. The data are openly available at NAOJ and CIDAS/ISEE. The EISCAT
Radar Project joined the operation of the EISCAT radar and the planning of the new EISCAT-3D radar. The PWING
projects continued running in FY 2017 in relation to the OMTIs, ISEE magnetometer and ELF/VLF network projects.
STARREPS/JST-JICA finished deploying nine lidars in South America to monitor volcanic ash in the atmosphere andreleased atmospheric risk data including UV emission intensity.
The four domestic observatories continued to operate in FY 2017. Moshiri Observatory continued to runelectromagnetic instruments, i.e., an auroral photometer, magnetometers, and VLF receivers. Rikubetsu Observatory
operates several spectrometers for comprehensive
measurements

of

ozone

and

other

minor

constituents in the atmosphere, all-sky imagers andphotometersforauroraandairglow,

andSuperDARN Hokkaido radars for ionosphericdisturbances as well as a new ELF atmospherics
receiver. Multi-station interplanetary scintillation(IPS) observations using the Fuji, Kiso, andToyokawa antennas were constructed in FY 2017.
The Kiso Observatory was opened to the public on
August 5–6, 2017. Kagoshima Observatory andSata

Stationoperated

instrumentsforelectromagnetic wave detection, and an all-sky
Kagoshima Observatory and active Sakurajima volcano.

camera and a photometer for airglow.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research539-2. Research Centers

Centers
9-2. ResearchCenter for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS)
Research topics and keywords
 Hinode Science Center ERG Science Center Research and development of advanced simulations(SUSANOO, CReSS, Monte Carlo simulations forhigh-precision age calculations, etc.)
 Construction of various databases (IUGONET,WDS-CR, etc.)
 Operation of CIDAS supercomputer system
 Membership activity of HPCI consortium

Introduction to CIDAS
The aim of the Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS) was to construct infrastructure and conduct researchand development to realize cutting-edge scientific study of the space–Earth environmental system through integrated
analyses using various kinds of observational data and advanced computer simulations. CIDAS operates many projects
in cooperation with the research divisions and the centers of the ISEE, as well as other universities and institutes.

Science centers for space missions: Hinode and ERG
The Hinode Science Center is operated as a joint project with the NAOJ and developed the database and analyticalenvironment for the data provided by the Japanese solar observation satellite Hinode. In addition, ERG Science Center
operates as a joint research center in cooperation with ISAS/JAXA, which releases the data from ERG and develops thedata analysis software.

Cooperative research program for database construction and supercomputing
CIDAS produces various databases for space–Earth environmental research and provides supercomputing facilities
in collaboration with the Information Technology Center (ITC) of Nagoya University and other universities andinstitutes. CIDAS has also joined the inter-university network project (Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global
Observation NETwork:

IUGONET) with Tohoku University, the NIPR, Kyoto University, Kyushu University, andNagoya University to develop a metadata server and data analysis software. CIDAS is in charge of activities in the
ISEE as a member of the High-Performance Computing Infrastructure Consortium (HPCI) in Japan.

Research and development of advanced simulations
CIDAS plays a leading role in research and development in the following advanced computer simulation models:Space Weather Forecast Usable System Anchored by Numerical Operations and Observations (SUSANOO), the Cloud
Resolving Storm Simulator (CReSS), and Monte Carlo simulations for accurate Th-U-Pb dating. The CReSS model isdesigned for any type of parallel computer to simulate detailed structure of clouds and storm structures, and is free to use
for the scientific community. It has been used for meteorological studies and real time weather forecast experiments,
simulation experiments of tropical cyclones, heavy rainfall events, snow clouds, tornadoes and downscaling experimentsof future tropical cyclones, among other applications.

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-2. Research Centers

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Development of data analysis system for the ERG project
The scientific data from the ERG satellite, ground-network observations and modeling/simulation are archived at the
ERG Science Center operated by ISAS/JAXA and ISEE/Nagoya University. These data files are in the CDF file format
that includes metadata for each file, which is a de facto standard format for the solar-terrestrial physics community. The
Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS), widely-used software in the solar-terrestrial physics
community, can easily read and manipulate CDF files. The ERG Science Center has developed and generated CDF files
and SPEDAS plug-in software for the ERG project, and organized SPEDAS training sessions in Japan and Taiwan, whichhave provided important opportunities to learn SPEDAS and ERG data. The ERG Science Center has also developed adata analysis environment in the CIDAS system, and users can access the CIDAS system via the internet and analyze
ERG project data using SPEDAS.

2. Development of nonlinear force-free field database of solar active regions
Solar flares are disruptive events in which the energy stored in the solar coronal magnetic field is explosively
liberated. To measure the stored energy in the solar corona, reconstruction of the coronal magnetic field using
photospheric magnetic field data is required, because direct measurement of the coronal field is not yet feasible. CIDAS
has developed a tool that is utilized to semi-automatically calculate the nonlinear force-free field of the solar active region
using Solar Software (SSW) and Interactive Data Language (IDL) in the CIDAS supercomputer system. Using this tool,
we are constructing a database of the nonlinear force-free field for about 300 relatively large active regions observed by
the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite since 2010.

3. Activity of Inter-university Global Upper atmosphere Observation NETwork (IUGONET)
We have promoted the use and application of upper atmospheric observation data through a database and analysis
software in collaboration with other institutions (for example, the Research Organization of Information and Systems(ROIS)), and developed a foundation for a universal infrastructure for disclosing and citing data rapidly. We also
abstracted a database design, a website, an analysis routine, and hardware construction equipped so that anyone can installthese procedures easily and quickly, and now provide these developments to each institute and committee to promote data
activity. We have held several international data analysis workshops in developing countries such as Nigeria andIndonesia in collaboration with a number of international programs: Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact(VarSITI) and World Data System (WDS) affiliated with the International Council for Science (ICSU), and we have also
started to support the construction of infrastructure for disclosing data and data integrity.

4. Operation of the CIDAS supercomputer system
The CIDAS supercomputer system for integrated data analysis has been under operation since FY 2016. The system
consists of 20 compute nodes, and each compute node has two Intel Xeon E5-2660 v3 CPUs and 256 GB memory. In FY
2017, a total of 100 researchers/students were registered as users of the CIDAS supercomputer system, and data analyses
related to the Hinode Science Center and the ERG/Arase Science Center were conducted.

5. Development of CReSS model
The CReSS model has been developed and improved for physical processes. It is available for scientific studies
from CIDAS. It is planned that simulation output data from the CReSS model will be provided openly by CIDAS.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research55

9-2. Research Centers

Research Centers9-2. Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations (COSO)
Research topics and keywords

Eyewall clouds of Typhoon LAN taken during the aircraft
experiment on October 21, 2017.

 Establishment of an aircraft of observing system andimplementation of aircraft observations
 Development of validation equipment for Earthobserving satellites
 Development of ChubuSat and promotion of its
applications
 Observation of polar ionosphere/magnetosphere byformation flight satellites
 Climate systems research at a virtual laboratory (VL)

Introduction to COSO
Based on ISEE research subjects, which encompass natural phenomena ranging from the Earth’s surface toouter space, COSO is expected to perform empirical and advanced research by observation, especially throughcollaborations between industry, academia, and government, leading to remarkable technological developments foraircraft, balloons, sounding rockets and spacecraft observations. COSO plays a key role in, and promotes, aircraft
observations in Japan. We also investigate and promote future space exploration missions in collaboration withinstitutions in Japan and overseas to gain new insights into physical phenomena. We assist in advancing observation
capabilities for future orbital and suborbital observations by developing an efficient common technological anddevelopment environment via interdisciplinary activities. The Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Laboratory
contributes to COSO’s activities by X-and Ka-band radars, together with numerical model studies under VL
activities.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Promotion of aircraft observation
We held a session at JpGU2017 entitled “Promotion of Climate and Earth System Science Research by Aircraft
Observation”. The aircraft observation of typhoon 21 (LAN) with newly developed dropsondes was conducted in thesoutheast of Okinawa in October. During the observation period, penetration to the eye wall of the typhoon was conducted
three times and succeeded in observing the atmospheric pressure, temperature and airflow field in the eye of the typhoon.
The data are extremely valuable for understanding the inner core structure of a typhoon and are assimilated to evaluate thetrack and intensity variation of LAN. As part of the Advanced Study on Precipitation Enhancement in Arid and Semi-arid
Regions of the United Arab Emirates, seeding experiments were conducted to observe the number density andmass-mixing ratio of aerosols, cloud droplets and ice crystal particles in cumulus clouds.

2. Development of ground observation equipment for verification of satellite CO2 observations
Ground validation for spaceborne sensors for CO2 observation from space (GOSAT, GOSAT-2, OCO-2) has been
conducted. New ground-based spectrometers to measure the column concentration of CO2 using infrared around a
wavelength of 1.6 microns from the Sun have been developed; one uses a high-resolution optical spectrometer and theother uses a small array spectrometer. Both are compact, lightweight and inexpensive compared with conventional
equipment, and can be installed at a range of locations to conduct satellite validation. The high-resolution optical
spectrometer has been operated for more than two years in the center of Tokyo and has demonstrated the causes of the56

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-2. Research Centers

annual and seasonal fluctuation of the CO2 column concentration. A less expensive spectrometer has been newly
developed and demonstrated expected accuracy during continuous observation.

3. Investigation and development of the standard bus system for micro satellite applicable to space
missions
The center has been leading the investigation and development of a standard bus system for a 100–200 kg satellite
applicable to future demonstrative space science and exploration missions. In cooperation with a domestic manufacturer
with substantial successes in instrumental development in previous space missions, and the science/engineering teams at
ISAS/JAXA, we have developed several conceptual designs for an onboard propulsion system for satellite altitude/orbit
controls, rocket launch configuration into a targeted orbit by assuming a science mission model, and a feasibility check of
the satellite bus system against the calculated space radiation dose.

4. Promotion of a multi-point/simultaneous observation mission with multi-satellites for geospaceresearch
We are promoting a demonstrative space exploration mission performing integrated and many-sided
observations of auroral emissions, atmospheric neutral and space plasma particles, plasma waves, andelectric/magnetic fields with high-time/spatial resolutions using multiple (2–4) satellites with separation distancesof 1–100 km in the geospace coupling system. We have discussed the observational importance and objectives atseveral typical altitudes of a modeled orbit, and also investigated the measurement principle/performance of theobservational instruments, the control methods for satellite separation distances, and the propulsion system.
5. Solar and Earth observation mission by micro-satellites
We are developing a gamma-ray and neutron instrument for solar flare observations intended for 10-kg classsatellites, which have more launch opportunities than 50-kg class satellites. Simulation studies verified that a
twofold increase in the spatial and energy resolutions can be achieved by employing new integrated circuits with
1/20th of the power, which allows more electronic channels with less total power. We have also successfully readout signals and obtained spectra from integrated circuits coupled with a 4×4 array of inorganic scintillators(GAGG), used for gamma-ray spectroscopy.
6. Promotion of Earth Observation Satellite Missions
The vision of the Earth Observation Satellite was discussed with researchers and published as a
“Meteorological Research Note”. A future precipitation observation mission was discussed within a Japan-US
collaboration. The atmosphere-ocean flux database, J-OFURO3, extended its period and, using this database,the long-term fluctuation of the sea surface heat balance due to climate change was investigated. In addition,
research using high frequency observation data from CYGNSS commenced.
7. 11th seminar on "Formation of a virtual laboratory for diagnosing the Earth’s climate system (VL)"
The 11th seminar of VL was conducted at Nagoya University in March 2018. 27 participants from 16organizations and Universities including Hokkaido Univ., Niigata Univ., Tokyo Metropolitan Univ., Kochi Univ., andFukuoka Univ., joined the seminar entitled “Analysis using XRAIN radar data”.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research579-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research

Introduction to Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research
Do variations in solar activity influence our weather and climate? Researchers specializing in such fields as
astronomy, solar physics, meteorology, climatology, paleoclimatology, and oceanography have grappled with thisquestion for the past two hundred years or more. Two thousand years ago, astronomers of the Chinese imperial court
chronicled sunspot activity for the purpose of studying variations in solar activity. In 1801 the British astronomer
William Herschel discovered a significant correlation between the frequency of sunspot appearance and the market
value of wheat in London and reported his findings in a paper published by the Royal Society. In the paper, he
concluded that a reduction in the number of sunspots effected a change in climate that altered wheat yields andinfluenced the price of wheat as a result. This study is considered as the first attempt to examine correlations between
the sun, climate, and society (human life). Even now, correctly identifying the characteristic variations of solar activity
and investigating their effects on climate change and modern society remain important research topics in academics andsociety.
Solar activity varies over an 11-year cycle and is also known to exhibit variability in periods ranging from decades
to thousands of years. Through observations using satellites, we know that solar irradiance varies about 0.1% over anapproximate 11-year cycle of solar variability. Theoretical calculations indicate that a 0.1% increase in solar irradiance
raises the global temperature only about 0.05°C on average. From the correlations between observed temperatures ofseawater at the ocean surface and past solar activity indicators and climate change indicators, it is evident that, alongwith variations in solar activity over an approximate 11-year cycle, atmospheric temperature fluctuates at an amplitude
about twice that estimated from theoretical values. More research will be needed to find a scientific explanation for thisreality.
There is much evidence indicating that at least the Atlantic Ocean and surrounding areas, including Europe andNorth America, experienced significantly colder temperatures during the Maunder Minimum (a 70-year period from1645 to 1715) in which very few sunspots were observed, and solar activity appeared nearly stagnant. Historical records
show that New York Harbor froze over in the winter of 1780, enabling people to walk from Manhattan to Staten Island,
and that sea ice surrounding Iceland extended for miles, closing the harbors and dealing a blow to the fishing industry
and trade over a long period of time. While it is premature to conclude that a quieting of solar activity leads to a periodof cooling, many researchers are of the opinion that variations in solar activity influence medium-to-long-term climatechange. However, to obtain conclusive evidence itwill be necessary to quantitatively reconstruct climatechange and to continue accumulating data on annual
variations in solar activity.
Radiocarbon (14C) and Beryllium-10 (10Be),
known as cosmogenic isotopes, are produced at a ratethat varies according to the intensity of incoming
cosmic ray to Earth, which in turn are influenced bysolar activity. Analyzing 14C in tree rings and 10Be in
ice cores is an effective way to study long-term
variations in solar activity going back tens of
thousands of years. Such analyses of 14C and 10Be
have suggested the possibility that episodes ofdeclining solar activity resembling the Maunder
Minimum may have occurred repeatedly a total of
twelve times throughout the Holocene, which spans

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Project scheme for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research.

9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

the past ten thousand years. Comparing cosmogenic isotopes against paleoclimate data could dramatically help us
understand solar-driven climate change on a long-time scale.
Very few sunspots were observed in the period from March 7 to March 20, 2017. The cycle length of solar
magnetic activity corresponding to the sunspot cycle is estimated at about 14 years during the Maunder Minimum. The
projected sunspot cycle in Solar Cycle 24, which began in 2008, has grown to about 13 years, similar to the cycle length
in the Maunder Minimum. This indicates that we may be entering a period of low solar activity, leading some to predictthat cooling on a global scale could occur in the near future. In order to offer a qualified opinion on the likelihood of
this prediction, we must examine diverse viewpoints on how solar activity affects climate.
We have accumulated evidence over the past quarter century that will be effective for studying the mechanisms bywhich variations in solar activity affect climate and human society. The interdisciplinary Project for Solar–Terrestrial
Climate Research at ISEE integrates the latest knowledge in solar physics, meteorology, climatology, environmental
studies, paleoclimatology, space physics, and cosmic ray physics with the aim of better understanding variability insolar activity, fostering an understanding of solar-driven earth systems, and contributing to predictions of future global
environments.

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Solar activity around the Wolf minimum
We have advanced the scientific field of cosmic ray archeology to investigate the history of solar activity and cosmic
ray intensity recorded in annual tree rings and an ice sheet core. We have obtained new insights into the cyclic nature of
the Schwabe solar cycles, with approximately 11-year periodicity, and solar flare events in the past based on highly
precise 14C analyses of annual tree rings. In this academic year, we have worked intensively on the 14C measurement ofannual rings in the interval from the 2nd to the 14th century of the Japanese cedar from Yaku Island (Yaku sugi). The
periodicity of the Schwabe solar cycles became longer during the Wolf sola minimum (AD 1280–1350) and an abrupt
increase in 14C was probably associated with a solar flare event in the 12th century.

2. New approach for improving sediment core chronology
We have developed a new approach to improve the chronology of sediment cores that record long climate change
histories, to investigate climate change driven by medium and long-term solar changes. Through improved throughput in
sediment analyses, we can decode high-resolution climate change records from long sediment cores; however, there is
still no method for applying a reliable chronology to the records, which limits investigation of the influences of solar
activity on climate change. A unique and effective method was developed to improve the 14C based chronology of
sediment records, with a particular focus on the optical characteristics of sediments. Application of the newly developed
method will provide new insights into solar–terrestrial climate interactions on a variety of time scales.

3. Paleoclimate research network
To understand climate change in Asia in detail, the on-going research project “Changing climate andresident-environment in the migrations and expansions of Homo sapiens across the continent of Asia” (Scientific
Research on Innovative Areas, Scientific Research on Innovative Areas, MEXT Grant-in-Aid Project FY2016–2020) has
created the “Paleoclimate research network”, an international research network in cooperation with universities andresearch organizations in Israel, Oman, Pakistan, Vietnam and Mongolia. The network aims to enhance our understandingof climatic changes in the past, and human migration and adaptation to fluctuating climates in Asia.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research599-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for Space–Earth Environment Prediction

Introduction to Project for Space–Earth Environment Prediction
Over the past 50 years, space exploration has expanded rapidly and has now gone past the edge of the heliosphere.
Consequently, it is known that solar activity and the dynamics of the space environment can significantly impact humansocio-economic systems as well as the global environment. For example, the giant solar flare observed by the British
astronomer Richard Carrington in 1859 caused powerful magnetic storms, called the Carrington Event. If such an event
occurred in the modern era, power, satellite, aviation, and communication networks could possibly be damaged, on a
global scale. Moreover, analyses of the latest stellar observations and of cosmogenic isotopes in tree rings suggest thepossibility of even larger solar flares. However, the mechanisms of the onset of solar flares and their subsequent processes
have not yet been fully explained. Thus, modern society is at a risk from severe space-weather disturbances, caused byjust such solar explosions, and understanding and predicting variations in the space–Earth environment is both animportant scientific subject and a crucial issue for modern society. Furthermore, because the accurate prediction ofcomplex phenomena is a common problem in science, the prediction is also a crucial subject for various scientificdisciplines. The Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction is a new joint research project aimed at synergisticallydeveloping our predictive capability for the space–Earth environment through the cooperation and interaction of solar
physics, geomagnetism and space sciences, meteorology, climatology, space engineering, and other related fields. This
project addresses the various issues shown in the figure below, based on ISEE Collaborative Research Programs and the
support of a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT) Japan “Project for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction (PSTEP)”.

The objectives and subjects of the Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction.

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Main Achievements in FY2017
1. PSTEP Summer School 2017
The ISEE co-hosted the PSTEP Summer School 2017 in
Rikubetsu in cooperation with the Project for Solar-Terrestrial
Environment Prediction (PSTEP) supported by the MEXT
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas, incollaboration with Rikubetsu-cho, Hokkaido and the Rikubetsu
Observatory of ISEE from July 30 to August 4, 2017. During thissummer school, more than 100 graduate students and young
researchers from all over Japan participated in learning the

The participants of PSTEP Summer School 2017 in
Rikubetsu.

fundamentals and state-of-the-art predictive schemes for space
weather and space climate phenomena.

2. ISEE/PSTEP International Workshop on the Benchmarks for Operational Solar Flare Forecasts
The ISEE conducted the International Workshop on the
Benchmarks for Operational Solar Flare Forecasts in cooperation with
the MEXT Project for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction(PSTEP) from October 31 to November 2, 2017. Twenty researchers
from research institutes around the world (including three researchers
from Australia via the network) participated in the workshop. Forecast
schemes of solar flares used for space weather operation in eachcountry's

space

weather

forecast

agencies

werecomparedquantitatively from various viewpoints. The results from thisworkshop will be applied to further development of solar flareprediction models.

The participants of International Workshop on thebenchmarks for Operational Solar Flare Forecasts.

3. ISEE/PSTEP International Workshop on Solar Cycle 25 Prediction
The ISEE conducted the International Workshop on Solar Cycle 25 Prediction in Nagoya in cooperation with the
MEXT Project for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction (PSTEP) from November 27 to December 2, 2017. The
activity of the next solar cycle (Cycle 25) is an important issue
for solar-terrestrial environmental study, because various
predictions suggest that Cycle 25 will be more active or lessactive than the current cycle. Twelve researchers from aroundthe world participated in the workshop. They comparedprediction results of solar cycles based on various factors
including the physical processes for prediction, the initial andboundary conditions, and numerical schemes used forprediction. The results from this workshop will besummarized and applied in future research to improveprediction accuracy and understanding of solar cycle activity.

The participants of International Workshop on the Solar
Cycle 25 Prediction.

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Interdisciplinary Researches

9-3. Project for the Interaction of Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres
Introduction to Project for the Interaction of Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres
The Earth’s atmosphere is partly ionized because of solar ultraviolet emissions, forming the ionosphere. Ionosphericplasma affects human activities in space such as radio communications and GPS positioning. The consequences ofclimate change appear significantly in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. As shown in the figure below,
neutral-plasma interaction processes in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere can be observed as various phenomena
occurring from high to low latitudes. The aurora in the polar region is caused by precipitation of high-energy plasma,
which heats the upper atmosphere, and generates atmospheric waves and disturbances that propagate toward low latitudes.
On the other hand, ionospheric plasma instability, known as plasma bubbles, occurs in the equatorial upper atmosphere,causing interference with satellite-ground communications and GPS positioning. These phenomena can be measured byvarious ground-based remote-sensing instruments, such as airglow imagers, magnetometers, radars and lidars, andmillimeter wave telescopes. This interdisciplinary project investigates the interaction of neutral and plasma componentsof the Earth’s atmosphere using various ground remote sensing techniques and in situ satellite measurements, as well as
global and regional high-resolution modeling of the neutral-plasma interaction, and contributes to the reliable use of spaceby humans.

大気プラズマ結合過程研究プロジェクトの研究領域。

Research topics of the project for the interaction of neutral and plasma atmospheres.

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Main Achievements in FY2017
In FY 2017, we operated 12 international collaborative studies,eight domestic collaborative projects, and 22 meetings under ISEE.
Various scientific results have been obtained through thesecollaborative projects.
For polar disturbances, we studied the thermospheric windresponse to poleward-moving auroral arcs at the beginning of auroral
substorms. Using data from a sounding rocket, the EISCAT radar, aFabry-Perot Interferometer (FPI), and an all-sky camera during the
DELTA-2 campaign in January 2009, we found that the thermosphericwinds at altitudes of ~120 km are affected by the arc at a distance 70 km
from the arc, but not affected 160-200 km away from the arc. This

Photo of the auroral arc. The auroral Joule heatingand Lorentz force cause heating and acceleration of
the thermosphere.

indicates that thermospheric disturbances associated with substorm
aurora are localized in a limited region. We also installed a millimeter-wave receiver at Tromsø, Norway, to measureozone and other atmospheric minor components. Operation of the receiver was stopped on December 2017 due to a fault
with the FFT processor. We are repairing this and will recommence continuous observation soon.
The new scientific satellite ERG was launched by ISAS/JAXA in December 2016, to investigate wave-particle
interactions between high-energy electrons and ions in the inner magnetosphere. We have conducted several ERG-ground campaign observations in FY 2017. From the combined ground-satellite measurements, including EISCAT and
newly installed high-speed EMCCD cameras, we identified precipitation of keV-MeV electrons associated with VLF
chorus waves. An ISEE researcher was hired by Oulu University in Finland through a cross appointment, and will conductcollaborative research related to this interdisciplinary project.
It is essential to develop velocity-mass spectrometers for neutral particles and ambient ions to conduct in-situ
observations of energy transport due to collisions between charged and neutral particles in the terrestrial upper
atmosphere and related upper atmospheric variations, which also means that appropriate particle beamlines must be
constructed as calibration facilities. We are currently building two types of particle beamline in our laboratory for tests
and calibrations across wide energy ranges, corresponding to those of plasma particle measurements in near-Earth space.
We developed interface and control software programs, mechanical interface devices and components in vacuum, andconducted initial operations of the beamline monitoring system, to obtain sensor calibration data using the beamline
monitoring system for measuring and controlling the beam flux andenergy-angle dispersions.
At middle and low latitudes, we have succeeded in obtaining thestatistical characteristics of plasma bubble appearance in West Africa
using an airglow imager and a GNSS receiver at Abuja, Nigeria. We havealso obtained the ionospheric D-region height variation estimated from thecut-off frequencies of a tweek atmospheric in Vietnam and Japan (Sata),
and are continuing measurements using 5 FPIs in Norway, Japan, Thailand,
Indonesia and Australia. The FPI is unique since it is the only instrumentthat can monitor winds and temperatures in the thermosphere at altitudes
of 200–300 km from the ground through the Doppler shift and thespectrum width, respectively, of airglow emissions.

The long-term

variation of gravity waves and medium-scale traveling ionosphericdisturbances were investigated using 16-year airglow images obtained at
Shigaraki, Japan.

Seasonal variation of (top panel) plasma
bubble observed in airglow images and(middle panel) scintillation of GNSS radio
signal obtained at Nigeria. The bottom panel
shows the time difference of sunset between
the northern and southern hemispheres in the
Nigerian meridian, which affects theoccurrence of the plasma bubble.

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research639-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Interdisciplinary Researches

9-3. Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation
Introduction to Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation
Hydrometeors and aerosols closely interact with each other in their generation and dissipation, and play importantroles in atmospheric water circulation, formation of convective clouds and typhoons as well as in the Earth radiationbudget. They are, however, some of the most unknown quantities in the atmosphere. So far, hydrometeors andcloud-precipitation systems have been studied in the Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, whereas aerosols andrelated processes have been studied in the Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Laboratory. In the joint research program,
researchers from both centers will cooperate to study the interaction between aerosols and hydrometeors, their variationsin the formation of precipitation, and cloud-aerosol-radiation interactions by field observations and numerical simulations.
On the basis of field observations, the numerical model will be improved for quantitative simulation of cloud and aerosol
processes. In cooperation with the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations, we will conduct in situ observations of
typhoons using an aircraft, balloons, and drones. This research will improve the cloud-resolving model (CReSS), and theimpact of aerosols on typhoon clouds will be studied.

Upper:
Lower:

64

A mesoscale convective system and hydrometeors simulated by the CReSS model.
The superimposed images show hydrometeors expected to be present in the convective system. Balloon
observation of typhoon clouds. Launching balloon (left) and observed hydrometeors (right).

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Main Achievements in FY2017
1. Cloud and aerosol observation in the Okinawa region
Aerosol observation and numerical simulations of clouds and precipitation were performed to clarify the effect ofaerosols on cloud formation, and typhoon-related cloud and precipitation. Typhoons often approach the Okinawa region.
Oceanic precipitation often occurs there. An optical particle sizer (OPS) was utilized to observe aerosol in the central partof the main island of Okinawa for about one month. The figure shows the weights of aerosol particles in a unit mass of air
as a function of particle size. Since the observation point was close to the sea, larger particles are dominant. This indicatesthat the air was clean and that large particles such as sea salt are the main component of aerosol. Although no typhoon wasobserved during the observation period, aerosol observations will be conducted in the future to investigate aerosol
characteristics during a typhoon.

Time-series of aerosol size distribution observed by OPS at the Okinawa Electromagnetic Technology Center, National
Institute of Information and Communication Technology in Onna village, Okinawa.

２. Cloud and aerosol observation in United Arab Emirates (UAE) and aerosol modeling
Using an aircraft (Super King Air, B200T) equipped with an aerosol-cloud-precipitation observation system,
aerosol observation was conducted over the UAE to clarify the physical and chemical characteristics of aerosols. Cloud
micro-physical observations were also conducted in the UAE as well as along the flight path between Japan and UAE:
over the Okinawa region, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, India, and Oman. The effect of aerosols on cloud andprecipitation was studied using the data. In the modeling study, the activation process of aerosols was investigatedusing CReSS, based on observed data. A unified model of aerosol, cloud and precipitation is now in development, andthe observed data will contribute to the verification of the model.

Aerosol observation using B200T (left panel), observed diurnal convective clouds (central panel), and precipitation
distribution caused by the diurnal convective clouds simulated by CReSS (right panel).

Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research6510. Publications and Presentations

10. Publications and Presentations
Papers (in refereed Journals, April 2017–March 2018)
Abadi, P., Y. Otsuka, K. Shiokawa, A. Husin, H. Liu, and S. Saito, Equinoctial asymmetry in the zonal distribution of
scintillation as observed by GPS receivers in Indonesia. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 122(8), 8947–8958, Sep.
25, 2017 (10.1002/2017JA024146).
Abbott, B. P., R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, T. Adams, P. Addesso, R. X. Adhikari, V. B. Adya etal. (F. Abe, Y. Asakura), Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger. Astrophys. J. Lett., 848(2),L12, Oct. 20, 2017 (10.3847/2041-8213/aa91c9).
Abdellaoui, G., S. Abe, A. Acheli, J. H. Adams Jr., S. Ahmad, A. Ahriche, J.-N. Albert, D. Allard, G. Alonso, L. Anchordoqui
et al. (Y. Itow), Meteor studies in the framework of the JEM-EUSO program. Planet. Space Sci., 143, 245–255,
Sep. 1, 2017 (10.1016/j.pss.2016.12.001).
Abdellaoui, G., S. Abe, A. Acheli, J. H. Adams Jr., S. Ahmad, A. Ahriche, J.-N. Albert, D. Allard, G. Alonso, L. Anchordoqui
et al. (Y. Itow), Cosmic ray oriented performance studies for the JEM-EUSO first level trigger. Nucl. Instrum. Methods
Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip., 866, 150‒163, Sep. 11, 2017 (10.1016/j.nima.2017.05.043).
Abdollahi, S.; M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. D. Bloom,
R. Bonino et al. (H. Tajima), Cosmic-ray electron-positron spectrum from 7 GeV to 2 TeV with the Fermi Large
Area Telescope. Phys. Rev. D, 95(8), 082007, Apr. 21, 2017 (10.1103/PhysRevD.95.082007).
Abe, K., C. Bronner, G. Pronost, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyogi, J. Kameda, Y. Kato, Y. Kishimoto, Ll. Marti et al. (Y. Itow,
M. Murase, F. Muto), Search for an excess of events in the Super-Kamiokande detector in the directions of theastrophysical neutrinos reported by the IceCube Collaboration. Astrophys. J., 850(2), 166, Nov. 28, 2017(10.3847/1538-4357/aa951b).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, T. Norita, et al.
(Y. Itow, R. Kegasa, K. Kobayashi, K. Masuda, H. Takiya, H. Uchida), Identification of 210 Pb and 210 Po inthe bulk of copper samples with a low-background alpha particle counter. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect.
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remnant RX J1713.7−3946. Astrophys. J., 840(2), 74, May 10, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa6d67).
Ackermann, M., M. Ajello, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini,
E. Bissaldi et al. (H. Tajima), The Fermi galactic center GeV excess and implications for dark matter. Astrophys.
J., 840(1), 43, May 4, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa6cab).
Adachi, K., S. Nozawa, Y. Ogawa, A. Brekke, C. M. Hall, and R. Fujii, Evaluation of a method to derive ionosphericconductivities using two auroral emissions (428 and 630 nm) measured with a photometer at Tromsø (69.6°N).
Earth Planets Space, 69(1), 90, Dec. 2017 (10.1186/s40623-017-0677-4).
Adhikari, L., G. P. Zank, D. Telloni, P. Hunana, R. Bruno, and D. Shiota, Theory and transport of nearly incompressible
magnetohydrodynamics turbulence. III. Evolution of power anistropy in magnetic field fluctuations throughout the
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Adhikari, L., G. P. Zank, P. Hunana, D. Shiota, R. Bruno, Q. Hu, and D. Telloni, II. Transport of Nearly Incompressible
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Adriani, O., E. Berti, L. Bonechi, M. Bongi, R. D’Alessandro, M. Haguenauer, Y. Itow, T. Iwata, K. Kasahara, Y. Makino,
K. Masuda, E. Matsubayashi, H. Menjo, Y. Muraki, et al. (T. Sako, M. Shinoda, M. Ueno, Q. D. Zhou),Measurement of forward photon production cross-section in proton‒proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the
LHCf detector. Phys. Lett. B, 780, 233–239, Feb. 21, 2018 (10.1016/j.physletb.2017.12.050).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima), Hitomi observation of radio galaxy NGC 1275: The first X-ray microcalorimeter
spectroscopy of Fe-Kα line emission from an Active Galactic Nucleus. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Solar abundance ratios of the iron-peak elements in the Perseus
cluster. Nature, 551, 478–480, Nov. 23, 2017 (10.1038/nature24301).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Measurements of resonant scattering in the Perseus cluster core with
Hitomi SXS. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Hitomi X-ray studies of Giant Radio Pulses from the Crab pulsar.
Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz, et al. (H. Tajima), Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with Hitomi Soft X-ray
Spectrometer. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Atmospheric gas dynamics in the Perseus cluster observed with
Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Glimpse of the highly obscured HMXB IGR J16318-4848 with
Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Hitomi Observations of the LMC SNR N132D: Highly Redshifted
X-ray Emission from Iron Ejecta. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Atomic data and spectral modeling constraints from high-resolution
X-ray observations of the Perseus cluster with Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Temperature Structure in the Perseus Cluster Core Observed with
Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Hitomi X-ray Observation of the Pulsar Wind Nebula G21.5–0.9.
Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, in press.
Akter, N., and K. Tsuboki, Climatology of the premonsoon Indian dryline. Int. J. Climatol., 37(11), 3991–3998, Sep. 3, 2017(10.1002/joc.4968).
Albert, A. S. Funk, H. Katagiri, T. Kawashima, M. Murphy, A. Okumura, R. Quagliani, L. Sapozhnikov, A. Shigenaka,
Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research6710. Publications and Presentations

H. Tajima et al., TARGET 5: A new multi-channel digitizer with triggering capabilities for gamma-ray
atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Astropart. Phys., 92, 49–61, Jun. 2017 (10.1016/j.astropartphys.2017.05.003).
Ando, R., K. Nakanishi, K. Kohno, T. Izumi, S. Martin, N. Harada, S. Takano, N. Kuno, N. Nakai, H. Sugai et al.
(T. Nakajima), Diverse nuclear star-forming activities in the heart of NGC 253 resolved with ten-pc scale ALMA
images. Astrophys. J., 842(2), 81, Nov. 10, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa8fd4).
Ardhuin, F., N. Suzuki, J. C. McWilliams, and H. Aiki, Comments on “A Combined Derivation of the Integrated andVertically Resolved, Coupled Wave–Current Equations”. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 47(9), 2377–2385, Sep. 2017(10.1175/JPO-D-17-0065.1).
Asano, A., D. Berge, G. Bonanno, M. Bryan, B. Gebhardt, A. Grillo, N. Hidaka, P. Kachru J. Lapington, S. Leach et al.
(Y. Nakamura, A. Okumura, H. Tajima, N. Yamane), Evaluation of silicon photomultipliers for dual-mirror
Small-Sized Telescopes of Cherenkov Telescope Array. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom.
Dect. Assoc. Equip., in press (10.1016/j.nima.2017.11.017).
Balan, N., S. Tulasiram, Y. Kamide, I. S. Batista, J. R. Souza, K. Shiokawa, P. K. Rajesh, and N. J. Victor, Automatic
selection of Dst storms and their seasonal variations in two versions of Dst in 50 years. Earth Planets Space, 69(1),59, Dec. 1, 2017 (10.1186/s40623-017-0642-2).
Bamba, Y., and K. Kusano, Evaluation of the applicability of a flare trigger model based on the comparison of geometricstructures. Astrophys. J., 856(1), 43, Mar. 20, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaacd1).
Bamba, Y., S. Inoue, K. Kusano, and D. Shiota, Triggering Process of the X1.0 three-ribbon flare in the great active region
NOAA 12192. Astrophys. J., 838(2), 134, Apr. 3, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa6682).
Bamba, Y., K.-S. Lee, S Imada, and K. Kusano, Study on precursor activity of the X1.6 flare in the great AR 12192 with
SDO, IRIS, and Hinode. Astrophys J., 840(2), 116, May 15, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa6dfe).
Bennett, D. P., I. A. Bond, F. Abe, Y. Asakura, R. Barry, A. Bhattacharaya, M. Donachie, P. Evans, A. Fukui, Y. Hirao,
Y. Itow et al. (K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki), MOA data reveal a new mass, distance, and relative
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Bennett, D. P., A. Udalski, C. Han, I. A. Bond, J.-P. Beaulieu, J. Skowron, B. S. Gaudi, N. Koshimoto, F. Abe, Y. Asakura et al.
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Bensby, T., S. Feltzing, A. Gould, J. C. Yee, J. A. Johnson, M. Asplund, J. Meléndez, S. Lucatello, L. M. Howes,
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Buhari, S. M., M. Abdullah, Y. Otsuka, T. Yokoyama, M. Nishioka, A. M. Hasbi, and T. Tsugawa, Detection of plasma
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Chauvin, M., H.-G. Florén, M. Friis, M. Jackson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, T. Kawano, M. Kiss, V. Mikhalev, T. Mizuno et al.
(H. Tajima), Shedding new light on the Crab with polarized X-rays. Sci. Rep., 7, 7816, Aug. 10, 2017
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Choi, Y.-S., W. Kim, S.-W. Yeh, H. Masunaga, M.-J. Kwon, H.-S. Jo, and L. Huang, Revisiting the iris effect of tropicalcirrus clouds with TRMM and A-Train satellite data. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 122(11), 5917–5931, Jun. 16, 2017(10.1002/2016JD025827).
Connors, M., and P. Wiegert, A retrograde object near Jupiter’s orbit. Planet. Space Sci., 151, 71‒77, Feb. 2018(10.1016/j.pss.2017.11.009).
Crate, S., M. Ulrich, J. O. Habeck, A. R. Desyatkin, R. V. Desyatkin, A. N. Fedorov, T. Hiyama, Y. Iijima, S. Ksenofontov,
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Dao, T., Y. Otsuka, K. Shiokawa, M. Nishioka, M. Yamamoto, S. M. Buhari, M. Abdullah, and A. Husin, Coordinatedobservations of postmidnight irregularities and thermospheric neutral winds and temperatures at low latitudes.
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Dee, M., B. Pope, D. Miles, S. Manning, and F. Miyake, Supernovae and single-year anomalies in the atmosphericradiocarbon record. Radiocarbon, 59(2), 293–302, Apr. 2017 (10.1017/RDC.2016.50).
Figueiredo, C. A. O. B., C. M. Wrasse, H. Takahashi, Y. Otsuka, K. Shiokawa, and D. Barros, Large-scale traveling ionosphericdisturbances observed by GPS dTEC maps over North and South America on Saint Patrick’s Day storm in 2015. J.
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Figueiredo, C. A. O. B., H. Takahashi, C. M. Wrasse, Y. Otsuka, K. Shiokawa, and D. Barros, Medium-scale travelingionospheric disturbances observed by detrended total electron content maps over Brazil. J. Geophys. Res. Space
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Finzell, T., L. Chomiuk, B. D. Metzger, F. M. Walter, J. D. Linford, K. Mukai, T. Nelson, J. H. S. Weston, Y. Zheng,
J. L. Sokoloski et al. (F. Abe), A detailed observational analysis of V1324 Sco, the most gamma-ray-luminousclassical nova to date. Astrophys. J., 852(2), 108, Jan.10, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaa12a).
Fujinami, H., T. Sato, H. Kanamori, and F. Murata, Contrasting features of monsoon precipitation around the Meghalaya
Plateau under westerly and easterly regimes. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 122(18), 9591–9610, Oct. 13, 2017(10.1002/2016JD026116).
Fujiwara, K., R. Kawamura, H. Hirata, T. Kawano, M. Kato, and T. Shinoda, A positive feedback process between tropical
cyclone intensity and the moisture conveyor belt assessed with Lagrangian diagnostics. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.,
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Fukazawa, K., T. Soga, T. Umeda, and T. Nanri, Performance Evaluation and Optimization of MagnetoHydroDynamic
Simulation for Planetary Magnetosphere with Xeon Phi KNL. in Advances in Parallel Computing, 32, 178–187,
edited by S. Bassini, M. Danelutto, P. Dazzi, G. R. Joubert, and F. Peters, 852pp, IOS Press, Amsterdam
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Fukuda, Y., R. Kataoka, H. Herbelt, Y. Miyoshi, D. Hampton, K. Shiokawa, Y. Ebihara, D. Whiter, N. Iwagami, and K. Seki,
First evidence of patchy flickering aurora modulated by multi-ion electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves. Geophys.
Res. Lett., 44(9), 3963–3970, May 16, 2017 (10.1002/2017GL072956).
Fukui, Y., H. Sano, J. Sato, R. Okamoto, T. Fukuda, S. Yoshiike, K. Hayashi, K. Torii, T. Hayakawa, G. Rowell et al.
(A. Mizuno), A detailed study of the interstellar protons toward the TeV γ-ray SNR RX J0852.0–4622 (G266.2–
1.2, Vela Jr.); the third case of the γ-ray and ISM spatial correspondence. Astrophys. J., 850(1), 71, Nov. 20, 2017
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Fukushima, D., K. Shiokawa, Y. Otsuka, M. Kubota, T. Yokoyama, M. Nishioka, S. Komonjinda, and C. Yatini,
Geomagnetically conjugate observations of ionospheric and thermospheric variations accompanied by a midnightbrightness wave at low latitudes. Earth Planets Space, 69(1), 112, Dec. 1, 2017 (10.1186/s40623-017-0698-z).
Gallardo-Lacourt, B., Y. Nishimura, L. R. Lyons, E. V. Mishin, J. M. Ruohoniemi, E. F. Donovan, V. Angelopoulos, andN. Nishitani, Influence of auroral streamers on rapid evolution of ionospheric SAPS flows. J. Geophys. Res. Space
Physics, 122(12), 12406‒12420, Dec. 7, 2017 (10.1002/2017JA024198).
Grandin, M., A. Kero, N. Partamies, D. McKay, D. Whiter, A. Kozlovsky, and Y. Miyoshi, Observation of pulsating aurora
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Hakozaki, M., F. Miyake, T. Nakamura, K. Kimura, K. Masuda, and M. Okuno, Verification of the annual dating of the 10th
century Baitoushan Volcano Eruption based on an AD 774–775 radiocarbon spike. Radiocarbon, 60(1), 261–268, Feb.
2018 (10.1017/RDC.2017.75).
Hammer, S., R. Friedrich, B. Kromer, A. Cherkinsky, S. J. Lehman, H. A. J. Meijer, T. Nakamura, V. Palonen, R. W. Reimer,A. M. Smith et al., Compatibility of atmospheric 14CO2 measurements: comparing the Heidelberg low-levelcounting facility to international accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) laboratories. Radiocarbon, 59(3), 875–883,
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Han, C., A. Udalski, A. Gould, I. A. Bond, M. D. Albrow, S.-J. Chung, Y. K. Jung, Y.-H. Ryu, I.-G. Shin, J. C. Yee et al.
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Han, C., A. Udalski, T. Sumi, A. Gould, M. D. Albrow, S.-J. Chung, Y. K. Jung, Y.-H. Ryu, I.-G. Shin, J. C. Yee et al. (F. Abe,Y. Asakura, Y. Itow, K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki, H. Oyokawa), OGLE-2016-BLG-1469L:
Microlensing binary composed of brown dwarfs. Astrophys. J., 843(1), 59, Jul. 3, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa740e).
Hashimoto, A., M. Murakami, and S. Haginoya, First application of JMA-NHM to meteorological simulation over theUnited Arab Emirates. SOLA, 13, 146–150, Sep. 4, 2017 (10.2151/sola.2017-027).
Hashimoto, K. K., T. Kikuchi, I. Tomizawa, and T. Nagatsuma, Substorm overshielding electric field at low latitude on thenightside as observed by the HF Doppler sounder and magnetometers, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 122(10),10851–10863, Oct. 30, 2017 (10.1002/2017JA024329).
Hayashi, K., X. Feng, M. Xiong, and C. Jiang, An MHD Simulation of Solar Active Region 11158 Driven with
Time-Dependent Electric Field Determined from HMI Vector Magnetic Field Measurement Data. Astrophys. J.,
855(1), 11, Feb. 28, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaacd8).
Hikishima, M., H. Kojima, Y. Katoh, Y. Kasahara, S. Kasahara, T. Mitani, N. Higashio, A. Matsuoka, Y. Miyoshi, K. Asamura,T. Takeshima, S. Yokota, M. Kitahara, and S. Matsuda, Data processing in Software-type wave-particle interaction
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Hirata, H., R. Kawamura, M. Kato, and T. Shinoda, A positive feedback process related to the rapid development of an
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Holloway, C. E., A. A. Wing, S. Bony, C. Muller, H. Masunaga, T. S. L’Ecuyer, D. D. Turner, and P. Zuidema, Observing
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Hui, D., D. Chakrabarty, R. Sekar, G. D. Reeves, A. Yoshikawa, and K. Shiokawa, Contribution of storm time substorms to
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observationofauroralsubstorm onset in Polar satellite global images and ground-based all-sky images. Earth Planets Space, in press.
Iijima, H., and T. Yokoyama, A three-dimensional simulation of chromospheric jets with twisted magnetic field lines.
Astrophys. J., 848(1), 38, Oct. 10, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa8ad1).
Iijima, H., H. Hotta, S. Imada, K. Kusano, and D. Shiota, Improvement of solar-cycle prediction: Plateau of solar axial
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Inoue, S., Y. Bamba, and K. Kusano, Onset mechanism of solar eruptions. J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., in press(10.1016/j.jastp.2017.08.035).
Inoue, S., K. Kusano, J. Büchner and J. Skála, Formation and dynamics of a solar eruptive flux tube. Nat. Commun., 9, 174,
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Inoue, Y., T. Ichie, T. Kenzo, A. Yoneyama, T. Kumagai, and T. Nakashizuka, Effects of rainfall exclusion on leaf gas
exchange traits and osmotic adjustment in mature canopy trees of Dryobalanops aromatica (Dipterocarpaceae) in a
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Ishiguro, N., and K. Kusano, Double arc instability in the solar corona. Astrophys. J., 843(2), 101, Jul. 11, 2017(10.3847/1538-4357/aa799b).
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Tsuda, T. T., M. T. Rietveld, M. J. Kosch, S. Oyama, K. Hosokawa, S. Nozawa, T. Kawabata, A. Mizuno, and Y. Ogawa,A survey of conditions for artificial aurora experiments at EISCAT Tromsø site using dynasonde data. Earth
Planets Space, 70, 40, Mar. 8, 2018 (10.1186/s40623-018-0805-9).
Tsujino, S., K. Tsuboki, and H.-C. Kuo, Structure and maintenance mechanism of long-lived concentric eyewalls associatedwithsimulated

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Udalski, A., C. Han, V. Bozza, A. Gould, I. A. Bond, P. Mróz, J. Skowron, Ł. Wyrzykowski, M. K. Szymański, I. Soszyński et al.
(F. Abe, Y. Itow, K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, H. Munakata, Y. Muraki), OGLE-2014-BLG-0289: precise
characterization of a quintuple-peak gravitational microlensing event. Astrophys. J., 853(1), 70, Jan. 10, 2018(10.3847/1538-4357/aaa295).
Umeda, T., A three-step Boris integrator for Lorentz force equation of charged particles. Comput. Phys. Commun., in press(10.1016/j.cpc.2018.03.019).
Umeda, T., and K. Fukazawa, Performance measurement of Eulerian kinetic code on the Xeon Phi KNL, Proc. HPC Asia
2018, P1, 2018.
Umeda, T., and Y. Wada, Non-MHD effects in the nonlinear development of the MHD-scale Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Phys.
Plasmas, 24(7), 072307, Jul. 7, 2017 (10.1063/1.4991409).
Umeda, T., S. Saito, and Y. Nariyuki, Rapid decay of nonlinear whistler waves in two dimensions: Full particle simulation.
Phys. Plasmas, 24(5), 054503, Apr. 26, 2017 (10.1063/1.4982609).
Utsumi, Y., M. Tanaka, N. Tominaga, M. Yoshida, S. Barway, T. Nagayama, T. Zenko, K. Aoki, T. Fujiyoshi, H. Furusawa etal. (F. Abe, Y. Asakura), J-GEM observations of an electromagnetic counterpart to the neutron star merger
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Utsumi, Y., N. Tominaga, M. Tanaka, T. Morokuma, M. Yoshida, Y. Asakura, F. Finet, H. Furusawa, K. S. Kawabata, W. Liu
82

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research10. Publications and Presentations

et al., A challenge to identify an optical counterpart of the gravitational wave event GW151226 with Hyper
Suprime-Cam. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(1), 1, Jan. 1, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psx125).
Vekstein, G., and K. Kusano, Taylor problem and onset of plasmoid instability in the Hall-magnetohydrodynamics. Phys.
Plasmas, 24(10), 102116, Sep. 26, 2017 (10.1063/1.4996982).
Wada, R., Y. Matsumi, T. Nakayama, T. Hiyama, Y. Fujiyoshi, N. Kurita, K. Muramoto, S. Takanashi, N. Kodama, and
Y. Takahashi, Continuous measurements of stable isotopes of carbon dioxide and water vapor in an urban
atmosphere: isotopic variations associated with meteorological conditions. Isot. Environ. Health Stud., 53(6), 646–
659, Dec. 2017 (10.1080/10256016.2017.1348351).
Wang, T., W. Zhu, S. Mao, I. A. Bond, A. Gould, A. Udalski, T. Sumi, V. Bozza, C. Rane, A. Cassan et al. (F. Abe,Y. Asakura, Y. Itow, K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki), Ground-based parallax confirmed by Spitzer: Binary
microlensing event MOA-2015-BLG-020, Astrophys. J., 845(2), 129, Aug. 20, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa813b).
Watanabe, K., J. Kitagawa, and S. Masuda, Characteristics that produce white-light enhancement in solar flares observed byHinode/SOT. Astrophys. J., 850(2), 204, Dec. 4, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa9659).
Xiong, M., J. A. Davies, B. Li, L. Yang, Y. D. Liu, L. Xia, R. A. Harrison, K. Hayashi, and H. Li, Prospective Out-of-ecliptic
White-light Imaging of Interplanetary Corotating Interaction Regions at Solar Maximum, Astrophys. J., 844(1), 76,
Jul. 24, 2017 (10.3847/1538-4357/aa7aaa).
Xu, H., K. Shiokawa, and D. Frühauff, Statistical analysis of severe magnetic fluctuations in the near-Earth plasma sheetobserved by THEMIS-E. Ann. Geophys, 35(5), 1131–1142, Oct. 9, 2017 (10.5194/angeo-35-1131-2017).
Xu, W., R. A. Marshall, X. Fang, E. Turunen, and A. Kero, On the eﬀects of bremsstrahlung radiation during energetic electron
precipitation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(2), 1167–1176, Jan. 28, 2018 (10.1002/2017GL076510).
Yamamoto, M., Y. Otsuka, H. Jin, and Y. Miyoshi, Relationship between day-to-day variability of equatorial plasma bubble
activity from GPS scintillation and atmospheric properties from GAIA assimilation. Prog. Earth Planet. Sci., in press.
Yamaoka, K., M. Ohno, M. S. Tashiro, K. Hurley, H. A. Krimm, A. Y. Lien, N. Ohmori, S. Sugita, Y. Urata, T. Yasuda et al.,Suzaku Wide-band All-sky Monitor (WAM) observations of GRBs and SGRs. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 69(3), R2,
Jun. 1, 2017 (10.1093/pasj/psx026).
Yokota, S., S. Kasahara, T. Mitani, K. Asamura, M. Hirahara, T. Takashima, K. Yamamoto, and Y. Shibano, Medium-energy
particle experiments-ion mass analyzer (MEP-i) onboard ERG (Arase). Earth Planets Space, 69, 172, Dec. 2017(10.1186/s40623-017-0754-8).
Yonezu, Y., K. Shiokawa, M. Connors, M. Ozaki, J. Manninen, H. Yamagishi, and M. Okada, Simultaneous observations ofmagnetospheric ELF/VLF emissions in Canada, Finland, and Antarctica. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 122(6),6442–6454, Jul. 12, 2017 (10.1002/2017JA024211).
Zank, G. P., L. Adhikari, P. Hunana, S. K. Tiwari, R. Moore, D. Shiota, R. Bruno, and D. Telloni, Theory and Transport of
Nearly Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence. IV. Solar Coronal Turbulence. Astrophys. J., 854(1), 32,
Feb.10, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaa763).
Zhou, Q.-D., Y. Itow, H. Menjo, and T. Sako, Monte Carlo study of particle production in diffractive proton-proton
collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the very forward detector combined with central information, Eur. Phys. J. C,
77(4), 212, Apr. 2017 (10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4788-7).
Zhu, Y., J. Ishizaka, S. C. Tripathy, S. Wang, C. Sukigara, J. Goes, T. Matsuno, and D. J. Suggett, Relationship between light,
community composition and the electron requirement for carbon fixation in natural phytoplankton. Mar.
Ecol.-Prog. Ser., 580, 83–100, Sep. 29, 2017 (10.3354/meps12310).
Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8310. Publications and Presentations

Zhu, W., A. Udalski, C. X. Huang, S. Calchi Novati, T. Sumi, R. Poleski, J. Skowron, P. Mróz, M. K. Szymański, I. Soszyński
et al. (F. Abe, Y. Asakura, Y. Itow, K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, H. Munakata, Y. Muraki), An isolated microlens
observed from K2, Spitzer, and Earth. Astrophys. J. Lett., 849(2), L31, Nov. 10, 2017 (10.3847/2041-8213/aa93fa).
Zou, Y., B. M. Walsh, Y. Nishimura, V. Angelopoulos, J. M. Ruohoniemi, K. A. McWilliams, and N. Nishitani, Spreading
speed of magnetopause reconnection X-lines using ground-satellite coordination. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(1), 80–89,
Jan. 16, 2018 (10.1002/2017GL075765).
Seven more Papers were published in Japanese.

Books (April 2017–March 2018)
Hiyama, T., and H. Takakura, Editors, Global Warming and Human - Nature Dimension in Northern Eurasia (Global
Environmental Studies), 224pp, Springer, Singapore, 2018 (10.1007/978-981-10-4648-3).
Sakai, T., H. Takakura, M. Okumura, S. Hatta, Y. Yosikawa, T. Hiyama, and Y. Yamaguchi, Monitoring spring floods on the
Lena River using multiple satellite sensors. in Global Warming and Human - Nature Dimension in NorthernEurasia (Global Environmental Studies), 53–69, edited by T. Hiyama, and H. Takakura, 224pp, Springer,
Singapore, 2018 (10.1007/978-981-10-4648-3_4).
Takakura, H., Y. Yoshikawa, M. Watanabe, T. Sakai, and T. Hiyama, Ice movement in the Lena River and the typology ofspring flood: An interpretation of local sources integrated with satellite imagery using a multidisciplinary approach.
in Global Warming and Human - Nature Dimension in Northern Eurasia (Global Environmental Studies), 101–123,
edited by T. Hiyama, and H. Takakura, 224pp, Springer, Singapore, 2018 (10.1007/978-981-10-4648-3_7).
Yoshikawa, Y., H. Takakura, M. Watanabe, T. Hiyama, and T. Sakai, Using air temperature data to calculate changes in ice
sheet thickness on the Lena River to predict ice-jam disasters. in Global Warming and Human - Nature Dimension
in Northern Eurasia (Global Environmental Studies), 87–99, edited by T. Hiyama, and H. Takakura, 224pp,
Springer, Singapore, 2018 (10.1007/978-981-10-4648-3_6).
Six more books were published in Japanese.

Publication of Proceedings
Title

Date of Publication

Proceedings of 23th Symposium on Atmospheric Chemistry

Oct. 3, 2017

Proceedings of 22th Workshop on Lidar Observation of AtmosphereFeb. 19, 2018

The Nagoya University Bulletin of Chronological Research, vol.2

Mar. 31, 2018

One more book was published in Japanese.

84

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research10. Publications and Presentations

Conference Presentations (April 2017–March 2018)
 International Conferences
Title
Birkeland 150 year Anniversary Symposium “The
Heritage of Kristian Birkeland and beyond”

Number of Presentations

Country/
RegionDate

Staffsand PDs Students

Total

invitedApr. 6, 2017

0

2

0

2

2

The First International Workshop of SCMREX RDP Beijing, China

Apr. 12-13, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Laser Solution for Space and the Earth (LSSE2017) Yokohama, Japan

Apr. 18-21, 2017

0

1

0

1

1

European Geosciences Union General Assembly

Vienna, Austria

Apr. 23–28, 2017

0

2

0

2

1

International Conference on Mars Aeronomy

Boulder, Colorado, USA

May 15–19, 2017

0

0

1

1

0

2017 International Space Weather Meridian Circle
Qingdao, China
Program Workshop

May 15–27, 2017

0

3

0

3

2

Intenationtal Symposium on Remote Sensing
Nagoya, Japan2017 (ISRS2017)

May 17–19, 2017

1

6

2

8

1

JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017

Chiba, JapanMay 20–25, 2017

13*

40

25

65

7

The 18th EISCAT international symposium

Tachikawa, JapanMay 26–30, 2017

3

5

0

5

0

15th International Workshop on Technical andScientific Aspects of MST radar

Tachikawa, JapanMay 27–31, 2017

1

2

0

2

0

NDACC-IRWG/TCCON annual meeting 2017

Paris, France

May 29–Jun. 2, 2017

0

2

0

2

0

Meteorology Departmental Seminar

Reading, UK

May 30, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Joint Hinode-11/IRIS-8 Science Meeting

Seattle, Washington, USA May 30–Jun. 2, 2017

0

2

0

2

1

2017 SuperDARN Workshop

San Quirico d’Orcia, Italy Jun. 4–9, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

13th International Workshop on Greenhouse Gas
Measurements from Space (IWGGMS)

Helsinki, Finland

Jun. 6–8, 2017

0

0

1

1

0

33rd Symposium on Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics Nagoya, Japan

Jun. 7–9, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

0

0

2

2

0

CEDAR Workshop

Tokyo, Japan

Organizers

Keystone, Colorado, USA Jun. 18–23, 2017

The International Symposium on Cloud Physics &Beijing, China
Weather Modification

Jun. 19–21, 2017

0

1

0

1

1

RHIC&AGS Annual Users’ Meeting

Upton, New York, USA

Jun. 20–23, 2017

0

1

0

1

1

FLARECAST Science Workshop

Paris, France

Jun. 26–29, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

American Meteorological Society: 21st Conference
Portland, Oregon, USA
on Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics

Jun. 26–30, 2017

0

2

0

2

0

The 17th conference on Elastic and Diffractive
scattering (EDS Blois 2017)

Prague, Czech

Jun. 26–30, 2017

0

0

1

1

0

Symposium “Evolution of Molecules in Space”

Sapporo, Japan

Jun. 27–29, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

2nd Asian Conference on Permafrost (ACOP2017)

Sapporo, Japan

Jul. 2–6, 2017

0

3

0

3

0

8th International Conference on New\Development in Photodetection

Tours, France

Jul. 3–6, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

2nd International Conference on Airborne
Research for the Environment (ICARE 2017)

Oberpfaffenhofen,
Germany

Jul. 10–13, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Future of Cumulus Parametrization Workshop

Delft, Netherlands

Jul. 10–14, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

The 2nd VarSITI General Symposium (VarSITI-2017)

Irkutsk, Russia

Jul. 10–15, 2017

1

2

1

3

0

35th International Cosmic-Ray Conference(ICRC2017)

Busan, Korea

Jul. 12–20, 2017

0

2

2

4

1

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8510. Publications and Presentations

Title

Country/
RegionNumber of Presentations
Date

Organizers

Staffsand PDs Students

Total

invitedIAU Symposia (IAUS335) Space Weather of the
Heliosphere: Processes and Forecasts

Exeter, UK

Jul. 17–21, 2017

1

0

0

0

0

Daiwa-Adrian workshop

Dorking, UK

Jul. 19–21, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

The 14th AOGS (Asia Oceania Geosciences
Singapore
Society) Annual Meeting

Aug. 6–11, 2017

0

8

9

3

3

21st International Northern Research Basins
Symposium and Workshop

Yakutsk, Russia

Aug. 6–12, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

14th International Conference on Accelerator
Ottawa, Canada
Mass Spectrometry

Aug. 14–18, 2017

1

6

6

0

0

32th International Union of Radio Science (URSI)
General Assembly & Scientific SymposiumMontreal, Canada

Aug. 19–26, 2017

0

2

2

0

0

48th Meeting SPD

Portland, Oregon, USA

Aug. 21–25 2017

0

1

1

0

0

IAGA-IAMAS-IAPSO (Good Hope for Earth Sciences) Cape Town, South Africa Aug. 27–Sep. 1, 2017

0

1

1

1

1

38th Conference on Radar Meteorology

Aug. 28–Sep. 1, 2017

0

2

3

0

0

The 8th International Symposium of Advanced
Energy Science: Interdisciplinary Approach to Uji, Japan
Zero-Emission Energy

Sep. 5–7, 2017

0

1

1

1

1

The 3rd ERG Mission Science Workshop

Taipei, Taiwan

Sep. 5–8, 2017

2

3

3

0

0

EISCAT_3D kickoff meeting

Tromsø, Norway

Sep. 6–8, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

5th iLEAPS Science Conference

Oxford, UK

Sep. 11–14, 2017

0

2

2

0

0

Jeju World Heritage Global Forum 2017

Jeju Island, Korea

Sep. 11–14, 2017

0

1

1

1

1

6th Asia-Pacific Symposium on Radiochemistry(APSORC17)

Jeju Island, Korea

Sep. 17–22, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

25th International Conference on Numerical
Simulation of Plasmas (ICNSP 2017)

Leuven, Belgium

Sep. 18–20, 2017

0

2

2

0

0

The 3rd COSPAR Symposium 2017

Jeju Island, Korea

Sep. 18–22, 2017

0

1

1

1

1

1st Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma Physics

Chengdu, China

Sep. 18–23, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

LMD Seminar

Paris, France

Sep. 21, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

BepiColombo Science Working Team Meeting #16

Matera, Italy

Sep. 23–27, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

13th International conference on substorms

Portsmouth, New
Hampshire, USA

Sep. 25–29, 2017

0

2

3

1

1

Workshop on forward physics and high-energy
scattering at zero degrees 2017 (HESZ2017)

Nagoya, Japan

Sep. 26–29, 2017

2

1

2

1

1

World Data System Asia-Oceania Conference 2017 Kyoto, Japan

Sep. 27–29, 2017

1

1

1

0

0

Isotoope for Tropical Ecosystem Studies

Oct. 2–6, 2017

0

1

1

1

1

ATS (Atmospheric Science) / CIRA (Cooperative
Fort Collins, Colorado,
Oct. 13, 2017
Institute for Research in th Atmosphere) Colloquium USA

0

1

1

0

0

Third Research Coordination Meeting (RCM) on“Stable isotopes in precipitation and paleoclimaticarchives in tropical areas to improve regionalhydrological and climatic impact models”

Chicago, Illinois, USA

San José, Costa Rica

Vienna, Austria

Oct. 16–20, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

12th International Conference on Mesoscale
Convective Systems and High-Impact Weather in Taipei, Taiwan
East Asia (ICMCS-XII)

Oct. 17–20, 2017

2

3

4

0

0

Progress towards improving CME forecast

Oct. 30, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

86

Nagoya, Japan

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research10. Publications and Presentations

Number of Presentations

Country/
RegionTitle
CHAMOS workshop

Date

Helsinki, Finland

Organizers

Staffsand PDs Students

Total

invited

Oct. 30–Nov. 3, 2017

0

3

3

0

0

Enviro-Health Conference 2017 - Air Pollution &New Delhi, India
Future Strategies with a Focus on the NCT of Delhi

Nov. 2, 2017

0

1

1

0

0

Korea-Japan Space Weather Meeting

Naogya, Japan

Nov. 6, 2017

0

7

2

9

0

The 4th Asia-Pacific Solar Physics Meeting(APSPM2017)

Kyoto, Japan

Nov. 7–10, 2017

1

2

1

3

1

The 17th Australian Space Research Conference(ASRC)

Sydney, Australia

Nov. 13–15, 2017

0

0

1

1

0

6th WMO International Workshop on Monsoons(IWM-VI)

SingaporeNov. 13–17, 2017

0

2

0

2

1

International Workshop “Across the Movius Line –Cultural Geography of South and Southeast Asia Tokyo, Japanin the Late Pleistocene”

Nov. 18–19, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Helicity Thinkshop 3

Tokyo, Japan

Nov. 19–23, 2017

0

3

0

3

1

EA-AMS-7

Guilin, China

Nov. 20–25, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

The 19th East Asia Sub-millimeter-wave Receiver
Taipei, Taiwan
Technology Workshop

Nov. 28–30, 2017

0

0

1

1

0

Into the Read Dragon’s Lair: Four-in-One
WorkshopTacking Outstanding Problems in Cardiff, Wales, UK
Heliophysics and Space Weather

Dec. 3–8, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Climate Change Cluster (C3) Colloquium 2017:
AQUAFLUO II Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Sydney, Australia
Aquatic Sciences

Dec. 4–8, 2017

0

2

0

2

0

0

13

10

23

1

New Orleans, Louisiana,
Dec. 11–15, 2017
USA

AGU Fall Meeting 2017

The 5th Asia & 14th Korea-Japan Workshop on
Busan, Korea
Ocean Color Remote Sensing

Dec. 14–15, 2017

0

4

2

6

0

ALMA/45m/ASTE Users Meeting 2017

Dec. 26–27, 2017

0

1

0

1

0

Review of mid-latitude SuperDARN follow-up
Nagoya, JapanworkshopJan. 9–12, 2018

1

0

0

0

0

SGO Observatory Days

Sodankylä, FinlandJan. 10–12, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

Fifth International Symposium on Arctic Research(ISAR-5)

Tokyo, Japan

Jan. 15–18, 2018

0

9

0

9

0

Symposium－Frontiers of Atmospheric Aerosol
Studies: Toward the Understanding of the Health Nagoya, Japanand Climatic Effects

Jan. 23–24, 2018

1

2

0

2

0

International conference series
technologies in Asia Pacific region

Tokyo, Japan

Jan. 28–31, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting

Portland, Oregon, USA

Feb. 11–16, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

DKIST CSP Workshop at Nagoya University

Nagoya, Japan

Feb. 26–28, 2018

0

3

0

3

0

Minutes of the LHC Committee meeting 133,
Geneve, Switherland
Open Session

Feb. 28–Mar. 2, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

The 1st KMI School: “Dark Matter”

Feb. 28–Mar. 2, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

31

194

57

251

33

Mitaka, Japan

on

HPC

Nagoya, Japan

Total

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8710. Publications and Presentations

 Domestic Conferences
Number of Conferences

Organizers

97

48

Number of Presentations
Staff and PDs

Student

Total

invited

278

100

378

34

 Lectures for Researchers
Date

Title

Number of
Paticipants

May 9, 2017, Jun. 5, 2017, Jul. 7, 2017,
Jul. 27, 2017, Spt. 8, 2017, Oct. 27, 2017, PSTEP Seminar
Nov. 2, 2017, Dec. 19, 2017, Jan. 25, 201860
a time on average

Apr. 24, 2017, May 15, 2017, Jul. 6, 2017,
Jul. 14, 2017, Oct. 10, 2017, Oct. 26, 2017,
ISEE/CICR Colloquium
Oct. 27, 2017, Nov. 15, 2017, Nov. 22, 2017,
Nov. 24, 2017, Jan. 11, 2018, Mar. 22, 201820
a time on average

Apr. 20, 2017, Apr. 27, 2017, May 11, 2017,
ROOT Training Workshop 2017
May 18, 2017, Jun. 1, 2017, Jun. 8, 2017100

Jul. 9, 2017

Introduction to Space Weather: Concepts and Tools School at
the 2nd VarSITI General Symposium

35

Jul. 30 –Aug. 4, 2017

PSTEP Summer School Rikubetsu 2017100

Jul. 31, 2017

Cosmic Ray Lab Guest Seminar

15

Sep. 11–15, 2017

2nd International School on Equatorial and Low-Latitude
Ionosphere (ISELLI-2)

52

Nov. 17, 2017

J-OFURO3 Data Seminar

12

Dec. 4 –15, 201727th IHP Training Course

17Dec. 7, 2017

Cloud and Precipitation Climatology Lab Guest Seminar

21

Dec. 18, 2017

Numerical Prediction Division Seminar, Japan Meteorological
Agency19

Feb. 20, 2018

Meteorology Lab Guest Seminar

15

Mar. 1–2, 2018

11th VL Training Course

27

Mar. 5–9, 2018

International School on Equatorial and Low-latitude Ionosphere(ISELION2018)45

Mar. 12, 2018

Kick-off Workshop “Frontier of Future Earth researches in
Nagoya University”

54

Mar. 23–24, 2018

Typhoon Seminar 2017

29

88

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research10. Publications and Presentations

Awards Staffs and PDs
DateAwardsApr. 3, 2017

Most Accessed Paper Award 2017,
Progress in Earth and Planetary
ScienceKazuo Shiokawa

Oberheide, J., K. Shiokawa, S. Gurubaran, et al,
The geospace response to variable inputs fromthe lower atmosphere: A review of the progress
made by Task Group 4 of CAWSES-II, Progr.
Earth Planet. Sci., 2:2, DOI
10.1186/s40645-014-0031-4, 2015.

Apr. 19, 2017

The Young Scientists’ Prize,
The Commendation for Science andTechnology by the Minister of
Education, Culture, Sports, Scienceand Technology

Fusa Miyake

Research of annual cosmic ray events in the pastusing cosmogenic nuclides

Satonori Nozawa

Studies of the polar upper mesosphere and lower
thermosphere by using the EISCAT radars andthe Tromsø sodium LIDAR

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Studies on cross-energy coupling processes in the
inner magnetosphere via plasma transportation
and acceleration, and wave-particle interactions

May 22, 2017

Tanakadate Award, Society ofGeomagnetism and Earth, Planetary
and Space Sciences (SGEPSS)

Award Winners

Aug. 8, 2017

Provost’s Prize, Nagoya University
Science Forum for Young Women
Researchers

Masako Yamane

Dec.15, 2017

Best Poster Award, The 20th
Japanese Symposium of Accelerator
Mass Spectrometry

Fumiko Nara

Mar. 28, 2018

Outstanding reviewer, Nuclear Inst.
and Methods in Physics Research, A

Hiroyasu Tajima

Title

Be exposure dating of rocks from the shore of
Lake Puma Yumco in Tibet

10

Additionally, one domestic award.

 Students
Date
May 19, 2017

May 31, 2017

AwardsRemote Sensing Society of Japan
Young Researcher Award

Outstanding Student Presentation
Awards of JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting
2017

Award Winners

Title

Masataka Hayashi

Evaluation and Improvement of MODIS and
SeaWIFS-derived Chlorophyll a Concentration in
Ise-Mikawa Bay, Journal of the Remote Sensing
Society of Japan, 35(4), 245-259, 2015

Yuki Asahi

The statistical analysis of correlation between
solar flares and photospheric magnetic fieldKei Kamiya

Formation of butterfly pitch angle distributions ofrelativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt due tothe drift resonance with a monochromatic Pc5 wave

Katsuki Nishi

Ground-based and magnetospheric observationof auroral finger-like structures using the
RBSP-A satellite in the inner magnetosphere

Eligio de Raus
Maure

Impact of mesoscale eddies on
initiation in the Japan Sea

spring bloom

Nov. 15, 2017

Best Poster Presentation - 2ndrunner-up at the 17th AustralianSpace Research Conference (ASRC)

Prayitno Abadi

Longitudinal variation of equatorial plasma
bubble occurrence in Southeast Asia

Mar. 26, 2018

IEEE Excelent Student Award

Masashi Fujiyama

Solar Surface Velocity in the Large Scaleestimated by Magnetic Element Tracking Method

Mar. 26, 2018

Graduate School of Science Award,
Nagoya University

Ryoya Uemura

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8911. Education

11. Education
The Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research primarily offers graduate programs in three schools, i.e., Science,
Engineering, and Environmental Studies; however, it also provides opportunities for both undergraduate and postdoctoral
experiences in these schools. In addition to the academic staff of the faculties, specially appointed members also contribute toeducation via graduate and undergraduate courses. Graduates are enrolled in the doctoral programs. Academic members are
responsible for guiding the progress of the students’ thesis projects. The students studying at the institute also have opportunities
to attend seminars and discussions with foreign researchers and to participate in international meetings/conferences andobservations/experiments.

Graduate Programs
The institute has its own graduate course program for Heliospheric and Geospace Physics as a part of the Division ofParticle and Astrophysical Science in the Graduate School of Science at Nagoya University.
In addition, it cooperates with the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science via the SpaceElectromagnetic Environment group (http://www.nuee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/soshiki/electrical-e.php) in the Graduate School ofEngineering and the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (as a group in the Earth and Planetary Sciences Course
and the Hydrospheric–Atmospheric Sciences Course http://www.env.nagoya-u.ac.jp/english/dept/index.html) in the Graduate
School of Environmental Studies by teaching/training graduate students in disciplines related to Space–Earth Environmental
Research. They also teach core and topical courses.
Staff association between the research divisions in the ISEE and the graduate schools

●

●

●

●

●

Land–Ocean
Ecosystem
Research●

ChronologicalResearchCenter for Orbitaland Suborbital
Observations●●

Ionospheric andMagnetosphericResearchCenter for International
Collaborative Research

Oceanography●

Hydroclimatology

Tandetron AMS

CHIMECloud andPrecipitation
Sciences

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research●●

HeliosphericResearch●●Center forIntergrated Data
Science90

Hydrospheric-Atmospheric Sciences Course
Global Water Cycle●

Cosmic-Ray
Research

Meteorological andAtmosphericResearch

Earth and Planetary
Sciences Course
Earth History Study

Meteorology●

Integrated
Studies

Information
Engineering

Electrical Engineering
Course SpaceElectromagnetic
Environment
Space
Observation

Heliospheric and Geospace Physics

Heliospheric
PlasmaPhysics (SW)

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences

Cosmic-Ray
Physics(CR)

Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science

Solar and Space
Physics - Theory(SST)

Graduate School of Environmental Studies

Department of ElectricalEngineering andComputer Science

Space Science –Experiment(SSE)

Graduate School ofEngineering

Atmospheric andEnvironmental
Science（AM)

Graduate School of Science

●
●

●

●

●
●

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

●
●

●

●
●

●

●
●

●

●

●

●

●

11. Education

Number of Students Supervised by ISEE Staff(April 1, 2017–March 31, 2018)

M1

M2

D1

D2

D3

Undergraduate
Students

Research
Students

Total

11

18

4

7

8

-

2

50

7

8

1

0

1

-

-

17

6

6

5

0

9

-

5

31

School of Science

-

-

-

-

-

8

-

8

School of Engineering

-

-

-

-

-

8

-

8

Total

24

32

10

7

18

16

7

114

Graduate School of Science
Graduate School ofEngineering
Graduate School ofEnvironmental Studies* cumulative total in FY 2017

Faculty Members(April 1, 2017–March 31, 2018)

 Graduate School of Science Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science
Field/Topics
Solar-Terrestrial Chemistry

Professor

Lecturer

Assistant Professor

Tomoki
Nakayama *1

Yutaka Matsumi
Akira Mizuno

Tomoo Nagahama

Masafumi Hirahara

Satonori Nozawa

Solar-Terrestrial Relationships

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

Associate Professor

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Yuichi Otsuka
Kanya Kusano

Satoshi Masuda

Yoshitaka Itow

Kimiaki Masuda

Hiroyasu Tajima

Fumio Abe

Akimasa Ieda
Takashi Sako *2

Akira Okumura *3

Yutaka Matsubara
Munetoshi Tokumaru

Kazumasa Iwai

Ken-ichi Fujiki*1 Left the Institute at February 2018
*2 Left the Institute at October 2017
*3 Lecturer after March 2018

 Graduate School of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Field/Topics

Professor

Space Electromagnetic
Environment

Kazuo Shiokawa

Nozomu Nishitani

Shinobu Machida

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Associate Professor

Lecturer

Assistant Professor

Takayuki Umeda

Shinsuke Imada*4

Taku Nakajima*4 Lecturer after February 2018

 Graduate School of Environmental Studies Department of Earth and Environmental
Field/Topics

Professor

Hydrospheric-Atmospheric
Sciences Course
Global Water Cycle

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Taro Shinoda

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Hirohiko Masunaga

Tetsuya Hiyama

Naoyuki Kurita *5

Joji Ishizaka

Hidenori Aiki

Earth and Planetary Sciences
Course Earth History Study

Associate Professor

Masaki Enami

Takenori Kato

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Masayo Minami

Lecturer

Assistant Professor

Hatsuki Fujinami
Yoshihisa Mino
Hirotaka Oda*5 Associate Professor after October 2017
Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9111. Education

Undergraduate Education
Based on demand, the faculty of the institute offers numerous undergraduate courses in the School of Science, the Schoolof Engineering, and in other departments and at other universities in the adjacent area.

 During the 2017 Academic Year, The Following Courses were Offered; First Year Seminar A Foundations of Electromagnetics I
 Laboratory in Physics
 Introduction to Earth Science From the Big Bang to the Present-day Human Society Astrophysics and Space Science Science of Atmospheric-Hydrospehric Environment
 Astrophysics III
 Experimental Physics
 Physics Laboratory I, II Introduction to Physics I, II Graduation Research-Experiments
 Topics in Advanced Physics
 Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Sciences I Practical Petrology and Petrology Experiments I
 Solar System Science Geosphere Environmental Chemistry Geology Experiments
 Geochemical Analysis II and Experiments
 Mathematics 1 with Exercises A/B
 Probability Theory and Numerical Analysis with Exercises Electric Circuits with Exercise
 Electromagnetic Wave Engineering

92

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

12. International Relations
Academic Exchange
Institution

Country/Region

Establishment

Indonesia

May 31,1988

Korean Space Weather Center

Korea

December 24, 2012

Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Ocean Satellite Center

Korea

April 17, 2014

Pukyong National University, College of Fisheries Sciences

Korea

October 2, 2006

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

China

February 20, 2001

Polar Research Institute of China

China

November 11, 2005

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University

TaiwanOctober 30, 2009

Center for Weather Climate and Disaster Research, National Taiwan University

TaiwanSeptember 3, 2014

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Department of Physics

Bangladesh

March 4, 2008

National Institute of Water andAtmospheric Research

New Zealand

July 26, 1989

Centre for Geophysical Research, University of Auckland

New Zealand

December 7, 1992

Faculty of Science, University of Canterbury

New Zealand

July 30, 1998

Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks

U.S.A.

July 16, 1990

Space Environment Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

U.S.A.

December 15, 1992

National Geophysical Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

U.S.A.

January 5, 1993

Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

U.S.A.

October 24, 1994

Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California at San Diego

U.S.A

December 22, 1997

Center for Space Science and Engineering Research, Virginia Polytechnic Instituteand State University

U.S.A.

January 23, 2013

Chacaltaya Cosmic Ray Observatory, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor de
San Andres, La Paz

Bolivia

February 20, 1992

National Institute for Space Research

BrazilMarch 5, 1997

Swedish Institute of Space Physics

SwedenSeptember 1, 2005
(since March 25, 1993)

Faculty of Science, University of Tromsø

NorwayApril 2, 2003
(since October 8, 1993)

Department of Geophysics, Finnish Meteorological Institute

FinlandOctober 21, 1994

Yerevan Physics InstituteArmenia

October 18, 1996

Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radiowave Propagation, Far Eastern
Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

RussiaApril 14, 2007

Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of
Sciences

RussiaOctober 28, 2008

Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy, Siberian Branchof the Russian Academy of Sciences

RussiaNovember 28, 2012

The Polar Geophysical Institute, Murmansk

RussiaMarch 13, 2017

Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space

Note: The List includes the academic exchanges established in the former organizations before ISEE.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9312. International Relations

Research Projects
 Major International Collaborative Projects
Research Project

VarSITI (Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial
Impact)ISEECollaborating
Representative Country/Region

K. Shiokawa

U.S.A., France,
Germany, U.K.,
Italy, Canada,
Australia, India,
China, andother countries
U.S.A.

Study of the Polar/Midlatitude Ionosphere andMagnetosphere Using the SuparDARN HF Radar
NetworkN. Nishitani

U.K.
FranceSouth Africa
Australia
Canada
Italy
RussiaChina
Argentina

Collaborating Organization

SCOSTEPJHUAPL, Virginia Polytechnic Institute andState University
University of Leicester
LPC2E/CNRS
University of KwaZulu-Natal
La Trobe University
University of Saskatchewan
IFSI
ISTP/SB RAS
Polar Research Institute of China
CEILAP
Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Argentina
University of Magallanes(UMAG)
Dirección Meteorológica de Chile

Project for Development of the Atmospheric
Environmental Risk Management System in SouthAmerica

A. Mizuno

Study of the Onset Mechanism of Solar Eruptions

K. Kusano

Germany

University of Potsdam

Observational Study of the Onset Mechanism of Solar
Eruptions

K. Kusano

U.S.A
China

New Jersey Institute of Technology
University of Science and Technology of
China

Study of Modeling of Solar Eruptions

K. Kusano

U.S.A.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for
Astrophysics

Study of Triggering Mechanism of Solar Flares

K. Kusano

U.K.

UCL-Mullard Space Science Laboratory

Study of Magnetic Reconnection

K. Kusano

U.K.

University of Manchester

U.S.A.
China

Chile

Solar Researches with Nobeyama Radioheliograph

S. Masuda

Korea
RussiaU.K.
Germany

GSFC/NASA, Catholic University of America
National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Shandong University
KASI, Seoul National University
Russian Academy of Sciences
University of Warwick
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) Project

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A.

NASA, JHUAPL

Modeling Study of Inner Magnetosphere

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A.

Los Alamos National Laboratory

94

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Research Project

Pulsating Aurora as a Manifestation of Non-Linear
Wave Particle

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A
China
FinlandCzech

A Search for Dark Objects Using the Gravitational
Microlensing Effect

New ZealandF. AbeU.S.A.
U.S.A.

Study in Cosmic Neutrinos by Using a Large Water
Cherenkov Detector

Y. Itow

Study of Dark Matter and Solar Neutrinos Using a
Liquid Xenon Detector

Y. Itow

University of Auckland, University ofCanterbury, Victoria University of Wellington,
Massey University
University of Notre Dame

China
Italy
FranceSwitzerland
U.S.A.

University of Florence, Catania University
École Polytechnique
CERN
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Korea

Seoul National University, Sejong University,
Korea Research Institute of standards andScience

Canada

Spain
Korea

Y. Itow

UCLA
Peking University
Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory:
SGO
Czech Academy of Sciences

Boston University, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, UCI, Duke University, George
Mason University, University of Hawaii,
Indiana University, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, University of Maryland, State
University of New York, University ofWashington
University of British Columbia, Universityof Toronto, TRIUMF
Queen Mary University of London, Imperial
College London, University of Liverpool,
University of Oxford, University of Sheffield
Complutense University of Madrid
Chonnam National University, Seoul
National University, Sungkyunkwan
University

U.K.

Study in Interaction of Very High Energy Cosmic
Rays by Using Large Hadron Collider

Collaborating Organization

U.S.A.

Research and Development for the Next Generation
Water Cherenkov Detector, Hyper-Kamiokande

Y. Itow

Boston University, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, UCI, Duke University, George
Mason University, Indiana University,
University of Hawaii, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, University of Maryland, State
University of New York, University ofWashington
Chonnam National University, Seoul
Korea
National University, Sungkyunkwan
University
Tsinghua University
China
Imperial College London, Lancaster
U.K.
University, University of Oxford, Queen
Mary University of London, University of
Sheffield, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
INFN Sezione di Bari, INFN Sezione di
Italy
Napoli, INFN Sezione di Padova, INFN
Sezione di Roma
CEA Saclay, École PolytechniqueFranceUniversity of Bern, Swiss Federal Institute
Switzerlandof Technology ZurichAutonomous University of Madrid
Spain
University of Warsaw
PolandUniversity of São Paulo
BrazilCanada, Russia and other Institutions
Portugal

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9512. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region
Bolivia

Study of Solar Neutrons

Y. Matsubara

Collaborating Organization

Switzerland
U.S.A.
MexicoResearch Institute of Physics, University of
San Andres
Yerevan Physics Institute
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences
University of Bern
University of Hawaii
National Autonomous University of Mexico

Armenia
China

Search for Cosmic-ray Excursions in the Past bySingle-year Measurements of 14C in Tree Rings

F. Miyake

U.S.A.
Switzerland

The University of Arizona
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

Study in Interaction of Very High Energy Cosmic
Rays by Using Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

T. Sako

Italy
U.S.A.

University of Florence, Catania University
Brookhaven National Laboratory

Solar Flare Research with Hard X-ray Spectral
Imaging Observations

H. Tajima

U.S.A.

UCB, MSFC/NASA, Air Force ResearchLaboratory

Solar Flare Research with Gamma-ray Spectral
Imaging Observations with Polarimetry

H. Tajima

U.S.A.

UCB, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, GSFC/NASA

U.S.A.

Stanford University, SLAC National
Accelerator Laboratory, GSFC/NASA,
U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, UCSC,
Sonoma State University
University of Washington, Purdue
University,
Ohio State University, University of Denver
CENS, CNRS, École Polytechnique
INFN, Italian Space Agency, IFSIRoyal Institute of Technology, Stockholm

Research on Origin of Cosmic Rays with Fermi
Satellite

H. Tajima
France
Italy
SwedenGermany

Research on Origin of Cosmic Rays with CTA(Cherenkov Telescope Array)

H. Tajima

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron,
Max-Planck-Institut, Heidelberg University
France
CENS, École Polytechnique, University of Paris
INFN, IFSI
Italy
University of Barcelona, Complutense
Spain
University
University of Zürich
Switzerland
Durham University, University of Leicester,
U.K.
University of Leeds
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory,
U.S.A.
Argonne National Laboratory, University ofWashington, Iowa State University, UCLA,
UCSC, University of Chicago, Smithsonian
Brazil, Argentina, Observatory
Poland, Armenia, and other institutions
Australia, Czech,
Bulgaria,
Croatia, Finland,
Greece, Sweden
Slovenia, India,
Ireland, South
AfricaObservations of Interplanetary Disturbances Using
the International IPS Network

U.K.
RussiaM. Tokumaru India
MexicoAustralia

LOFAR-UK
Lebedev Physical Institute
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
National Autonomous University of Mexico
Murchison Widefield Array

Study of 3-D Solar Wind Structure and Dynamics
Using Heliospheric Tomography

M. Tokumaru U.S.A.

CASS/UCSD

Study on the Application of Interplanetary
Scintillation Observations to Space Weather Forecast

M. Tokumaru Korea

Korean Space Weather Center

96

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Collaborating Organization

Study of the Heliospheric Boundary Region Using
Observations of Interplanetary Scintillation

M. Tokumaru U.S.A.

Interstellar Boundary Explorer

Magnetic Conjugate Observations of Midlatitude
Thermospheric Disturbances

K. Shiokawa

Australia

Radio and Space Service/IPS

Variation of the Thermosphere and Ionosphere owing
to the Energy of Atmospheric Waves

K. Shiokawa

Indonesia

LAPAN

U.S.A.
CanadaUniversity of California, Augsburg College
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University
University of Calgary, Athabasca University

High-Sensitive Imaging Measurements of Airglow and
Aurora in the Canadian Arctic

K. Shiokawa

Ionosphere and Upper Atmosphere Research,
Observations and Monitoring

K. Shiokawa

Thailand

Chiang Mai University

Comparison of Dynamical Variations of the
Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Ionosphere between
Asian and Brazilian Longitudes

K. Shiokawa

Brazil

INPE

Ground and Satellite Measurements of Geospace
Environment in the Far-Eastern Russia

K. Shiokawa

RussiaInstitute of Cosmophysical Research andRadiowave Propagation, Far Eastern
Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences

Nigeria
Cote d’Ivoire

National Space Research andDevelopment Agency, Federal University ofTechnology, Akure
Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny

Russia

IKFIA/SB RAS, ISTP/SB RAS

SwedenSwedish Institute of Space Physics(IRF),
Swedish National Space Board

FranceSweden

CESR-CNRS, CETP-IPSL
Institute for Solar Physics of the Royal
Swedish Academy of Sciences
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Boston University
University of Bern

Observations of the Equatorial Ionosphere in
South-East Asia and West Africa

K. Shiokawa

Observations of Waves and Particles in the Inner
Magnetosphere in the Siberian Region of Russia

K. Shiokawa

Future Satellite Mission for the Terrestrial
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere
Explorations by Formation Flight Observations and its
Feasibility Study and Collaboration of the Satellite and
Ground-Based Observations

M. Hirahara

Research and Development of the Plasma/Particle
Instrument Suite for the Mercury Magnetospheric
Exploration Mission

M. Hirahara

Study of the Polar Upper Atmosphere Using the
EISCAT Radars and Other Instruments

S. Nozawa

Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere coupling
study with ISRs and optical instruments

S. Oyama

Study of Auroral Energetic Electron Precipitation(EEP) Impacts on the Upper/Middle Atmosphere

S. Oyama

Observatiopn of PM2.5 in Hanoi

Y. Matsumi

Observation of PM2.5 in Ulan Bator

Y. Matsumi

U.K.
U.S.A.
Switzerland
NorwaySweden,Finland,Germany, U.K.,

University of Tromsø
EISCAT Scientific Association

U.S.A.

University of Maryland, College Park,
University of Alaska Fairbanks,
University of Oulu

Finland

Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory,
University of Oulu,
Finnish Meteorological Institute
University of Otago
British Antarctic Survey
University Centre in Svalbard
University of Alaska Fairbanks

New Zealand
U.K.
NorwayU.S.A.
VietnamHanoi University of Science andTechnology

Mongolia

National University of Mongolia

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9712. International Relations

Research ProjectContinuous Observation of Methane at a Paddy Field
in Northern India
High Energy Particles in Geospace: the Acceleration
Mechanism and the Role in Earth’s Climate

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region
Y. Matsumi

A. Mizuno

Collaborating Organization

India

University of Delhi

U.S.A.

University of Colorado Boulder, UCLA,
University of Arizona
University of Tromsø
EISCAT Scientific Association

NorwaySwedenGlobal Precipitation Measurement Mission (GPM)

H. Masunaga
U.S.A.
N. Takahashi

NASA

Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

N. Takahashi U.S.A.

NASA

Tropical Cyclones-Pacific Asian Research Campaign
for Improvement of Intensity Estimations/Forecasts(T-PARCII)

K. Tsuboki
T. Shinoda

TaiwanNational Taiwan University Atmospheric
Sciences

Study of Equatorial Waves in the Atmosphere and Ocean

H. AikiGermany

GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean
Research Kiel

Validation of GOCI Products and Application toEnvironmental Monitoring of Japanese Coastal Waters

J. Ishizuka

Korea

Korea Institute of Ocean Science andTechnology

Korea

Estonia

Korea Institute of Ocean Science andTechnology
Columbia University, East Carolina University
National Cheng Kung University
Burapha University
First Institute of Oceanography, Nanjing
University of Science and Technology
University of Tartu

Collection of Validation Dataset of GCOM-C Coastal
Products

J. Ishizaka

U.S.A.
TaiwanThailandChina

Sea Surface Nitrate and Nitrate Based New
Production - two innovative research products fromSGLI on board GCOM-C

J. Ishizaka

U.S.A.

Columbia University

Investigating the optical characteristics of red tides in
the upper Gulf of Thailand

J. Ishizaka

Thailand

University of Burapa
Kasetsart University

Validation of ocean color products in the western North
Pacific and Japanese coastal waters：Collaboration
with JAXA GCOM-C project

J. Ishizaka

Integrated Land Ecosystem - Atmosphere Processes
Study (iLEAPS), one of the Global Research Projects(GRPs) of the Future Earth

T. Hiyama

Observational Study of Vegetation, Energy and Water
in Eastern Siberia Towards Elucidation of Climate andCarbon Cycle Changes

T. Hiyama

Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS) Project

T. Hiyama

Estimating Permafrost Groundwater age in Central
Mongolia

T. Hiyama

Geochronological Research on the Basement Rocksin Japan and Korea

T. Kato98

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Germany

Sweden,Finland, U.K.,
China,and others

European Organisation for the Exploitationof Meteorological Satellites

iLEAPS/Future Earth

RussiaInstitute for Biological Problems of
Cryolithozone /SB RAS

U.S.A.

International Arctic Research Center of the
University of Alaska Fairbanks (IARC)

MongolInstitute of Geography and Geoecology of
the Mongolian Academy of Sciences

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

12. International Relations

Research Project
Development of New Analytical Techniques andAccurate Quantification of Electron Microprobe
Analysis

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Collaborating Organization

T. Kato

Korea

Pusan National University (PNU)

Stable Isotopes in Precipitation and Paleoclimatic
Archives in Tropical Areas to Improve Regional
Hydrological and Climatic Impact Models

N. Kurita

U.S.A., Australia,
Argentina, Brazil,International Atomic Energy Agency
Bangladesh,(IAEA)
China, andother countries

Towards a Deeper understanding of Tropical
Isoscapes

N. Kurita

Australia

James Cook University, Cairn

Comparison Between 1 MV AMS and 5 MV AMS on
Precision and Accuracy of 10Be Measurement

M. Minami

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Radiocarbon Dating of Kraftu Cave Guano Deposit inKurdistan, Iran

M. Minami

IranUniversity of Kurdistan

High Precision Radiocarbon Measurements of Tree
Annual Rings

T. Nakamura

U.S.A.

Department of Geosciences, University of
Arizona

Radiocarbon Measurement of Peat Sediments in
Aleutian Islands, Alaska, North America

T. Nakamura U.S.A.

Eruption History of the Calderas Located in Bali,
Indonesia

T. Nakamura

Investigation on Bottom Topography and theFormation Ages of Maar Lakes in Philippines Using
the Lake Sediments

T. Nakamura

Heidelberg pure CO2 Intercomparison Project

T. Nakamura Germany

Heidelberg University

Study on History of Palaeo-Environmental Changes
Based on Radiocarbon Ages of Cored-Sediment
Samples from a Wetland in South India

T. Nakamura India

Indian Institute of Science, Banglore

Study on Radiocarbon Chronology of Buddhistic
Archaeological Remains at the Bamiyan Site, Islamic
Republic of Afghanistan

T. Nakamura

Study of Grand-Water Circulation Based on 14C Agesof Underground Water and Hot-Spring Water Samples
from Korea

T. Nakamura

Research and Development on Geochemical Proxies
of Isotope and Trace Element for Understanding ofEarth and Universe Evolution Processes

G. Tanaka

Radiocarbon dating of bronze wares excavated from
Indian archeological site

H. OdaRadiocarbon dating of bronze wares excavated from
Russian archeological site

H. OdaThe Museum of the Aleutians, Unalaska

Indonesia

Department of Geological Engineering,
Gadjah University

Philippine

Philippine Institute of Volcanology andSeismology

FranceDirecteur de la Mission Archéologique
Française

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

India

Deccan College

RussiaInstitute of Ethnology and Anthropology
Russian Academy of Science

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9912. International Relations

Research Project
Climate change reconstruction of the Central
Highlands in Vietnam

International Continental Scientific Drilling Program Dead Sea Deep Drilling Project （ICDP-DSDDP)

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region
H. Kitagawa

VietnamVietnam Academy of Science And
Technology

IsraelGeological Survey of Israel
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Columbia University
University of Minnesota
German Research Centre for Geosciences
Max-Planck-Institute Mainz for Chemistry
Université de Genève
Université de Genève

U.S.A
H. Kitagawa

Germany
Switzerland

100 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Collaborating Organization

12. International Relations

Visitors from Foreign Institutes
NameCountry/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Cai LeiFinland

University of Oulu

Jul. 1, 2016 May 31, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Anglu Shen

China

Chinese Academy of Fisher Sciences

Sep. 1, 2016 Aug. 31, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Jie Ren

China

Peking University

Oct. 1, 2016 Jan. 31, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Martin Gerard Connors

CanadaAthabasca University

Jan. 1 - May 31,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Joseph Benjamin
Harold Baker

U.S.A.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University

Jan. 1 - Jun. 30,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Bernhard Hartmut Kliem Germany

University of Potsdam

Mar. 1 - May 31,
2017

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Berti Engenio

Italy

University of Florence

Mar. 21 - Apr. 9,
2017

VisitorHaimin Wang

U.S.A.

New Jersey Institute of Technology

Apr. 12 - 15, 2017

VisitorAntonio Ferriz Mas

Spain

University of Vigo

Apr. 15 - 17, 2017

VisitorQuing Chang

China

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Apr. 18 - 21, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Wenzhe Jiao

China

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Apr. 18 - 21, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

K. D. Leka

U.S.A.

NorthWest Research Associates

Apr. 18 - May 2,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ventaka Subrahmanya
India
Srinivasa Sarma Vedula

National Institute of Ocean Technology

May 1 - Jun. 10,
2017Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Byambatseren
Chuluunpurev

MongolThe National University of Mongolia

May 8 - 16, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Sonomdagva
Chonokhuu

MongolThe National University of Mongolia

May 8 - 16, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Jeongwoo Lee

Korea

Seoul National University

May 9 - 19, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Elena Kupriyanova

RussiaCentral Astronomical Observatory at Pulkovo of May 9 - Jul. 11,
the RAS
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Tam Dao Ngoc Hanh

VietnamHo Chi Minh Institute of Physics

May 12 - Aug. 4,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Janardhan
Padmanabhan

India

Physical Research Laboratory

May 14 - Jun. 5,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Xuchen Wang

China

Ocean University of China

May 15, 2017

Visitor

Yuejun Xue

China

Ocean University of China

May 15, 2017

Visitor

Savcheva Antonia

U.S.A.

Smithsonian Observatory

May 15 - 19, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Surendra Kumar Dhaka India

University of Delhi

Jun. 1 - Jul. 31,
2017

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Bich Thuy Ly

VietnamHanoi University of Science and Technology

Jun. 1 - Aug. 31,
2017

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Daniel Okoh

Nigeria

National Space Research and Development
AgencyJun. 2 - Aug. 31,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Magnus Woods

U.K.

University College London Space & Climate
Physics

Jun. 20 - Aug. 21,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Hajihossein Azizi

Iran

University of Kurdistan

Jun. 23 - Aug. 23,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 101

12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Jeonghoon Lee

Korea

Korea University of Technology and Education

Jul. 14, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Jihye Kang

Korea

Kyung Hee University

Jul. 18 - 21, 2017

VisitorNghiem Trung Dung

VietnamHanoi University of Science and Technology

Jul. 18 - 22, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Chih-Ying Yeh

TaiwanNational Dong Hwa University

Jul. 18 - 29, 2017

VisitorVenkata Ratnam
Devanaboyina

India

KL University

Jul. 19 - Oct. 20,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Yoonyeol Yoon

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
resources

Jul. 20 - 25, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Sergii Panasenko

UkraineInstitute of ionosphere

Jul. 31 - Sep. 29,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

K. D. Leka

U.S.A.

NorthWest Research Associates

Sep. 4 - 22, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Hua Hsu

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Sep. 8, 2017

VisitorHung-Chi Kuo

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Sep. 8, 2017

Visitor

Hungjui Yu

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Sep. 8, 2017

VisitorPei-Yuan Hsieh

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Sep. 8, 2017

VisitorYuhan Chen

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Sep. 8, 2017

VisitorSergey Tyul'bashev

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteSep. 10 - Dec. 9,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Jih-Hong Shue

TaiwanNational Central University

Sep. 11, 2017

VisitorHelga Rosario Do
Gomes

U.S.A.

Columbia University

Sep. 15 - Dec. 14,
2017

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Joaquim Ignacio Goes

U.S.A.

Columbia University

Sep. 15 - Dec. 14,
2017

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Ioannis Daglis

GreeceUniversity of Athens

Sep. 15 - Dec. 15,
2017

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Savcheva Antonia

U.S.A.

Smithsonian Observatory

Sep. 17 - 30, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Jianwei Lin

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Sep. 25, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Neethal Thomas

India

Indian Institute of Geomagnetism

Sep. 27 - 28, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Stephen White

U.S.A.

Air Force Research Laboratory

Oct. 3 - 7, 2017

VisitorAngelos Vourlidas

U.S.A.

Johns Hopkins University

Oct. 11 - Nov. 2,
2017

VisitorNeel Prakash
Savani-Patel

U.S.A.

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Oct. 13 - Nov. 26,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ivana Kolmasova

Czech

The Czech Academy of Sciences

Oct. 14 - Nov. 1,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ondrej Santolik

Czech

The Czech Academy of Sciences

Oct. 14 - Nov. 1,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ulrich TaubenschussCzech

The Czech Academy of Sciences

Oct. 14 - Nov. 1,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Horky Miroslav

Czech

The Czech Academy of Sciences

Oct. 14 - Nov. 2,
2017Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

102 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Jihye Kang

Korea

Kyung Hee University

Oct. 15 - 18, 2017

Visitor

Zamri Zainal Abidin

Malaysia

University of Malaya

Oct. 19, 2017

VisitorArakel Petrosyan

RussiaRussian Academy of Sciences

Oct. 22 - 28, 2017

VisitorGeeta Vichare

India

Indian Institute of Geomagnetism

Oct. 24 - 27, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Graham Barnes

U.S.A.

NorthWest Research Associates

Oct. 28 - Nov. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

David Falconer

U.S.A.

University of Alabama HuntsvilleOct. 29 - Nov. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Leila Mays

U.S.A.

NASA

Oct. 29 - Nov. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Shaun Bloomfield

U.K.

Northumbria University

Oct. 29 - Nov. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Tarek Am Hamad
Nagem

U.K.

University of Bradford

Oct. 29 - Nov. 4,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Diptiranjan Rout

India

Physical Research Laboratory

Oct. 29 - Nov. 22,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Junchul Mun

Korea

Korean Space Weather Center

Oct. 30 - Nov. 2,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Sangwoo Lee

Korea

Korea Advanced Institute of Science andTechnology

Oct. 30 - Nov. 2,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Aoife Elizabeth Mc
Closkey

Ireland

Trinity College Dublin

Oct. 30 - Nov. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Robert Steenburgh

U.S.A.

NOAA

Oct. 30 - Nov. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Suzanne Jane Bingham U.K.

Met Office

Oct. 30 - Nov. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Emmanouil Georgoulis

GreeceAcademy of Athens

Oct. 30 - Nov. 4,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

K. D. Leka

U.S.A.

NorthWest Research Associates

Oct. 30 - Nov. 24,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Hocheol Jeon

Korea

Radar&Space

Oct. 31, 2017

VisitorJaehyung Lee

Korea

Korean Space Weather Center

Oct. 31, 2017

VisitorJaewoo Park

Korea

Radar&Space

Oct. 31, 2017

Visitor

Taeyoung Kim

Korea

Radar&Space

Oct. 31, 2017

VisitorYoon Kichang

Korea

Korean Space Weather Center

Oct. 31, 2017

VisitorHsiu-Shan Yu

U.S.A.

University of California San Diego

Nov. 2, 2017

Visitor

Zesty S.B. Hamidi

Malaysia

MARA University of Technology

Nov. 4 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Sarah Jabbari

Australia

Monash University

Nov. 4 - 12, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Lee Jaejin

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 5 - 7, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Gopal Hazra

India

Indian Institute of Science Bangalore

Nov. 5 - 13, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Rahul Yadav

India

Udaipur Solar Observatory

Nov. 5 - 16, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 103

12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Eunkyung Lim

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Heesu Yang

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Jaeheung Park

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Kyuhyoun Cho

Korea

Seoul National University

Nov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Miyashita Yukinaga

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Rok-Soon Kim

Korea

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Instutute

Nov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Su-Chan Bong

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Sujin Kim

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Youngsil Kwak

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 6, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Agustinus Gunawan
Admiranto

Indonesia

Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics andNov. 6 - 11, 2017
SpaceParticipant in the
Symposium

Jie Hong

China

Nanjing University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Jingwen Zhang

China

Peking University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Keiji Hayashi

China

National Space Science Center, Chinese
Academy of Science

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Navin Chandra Joshi

Korea

Kyung Hee University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Pengfei Chen

China

Nanjing University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Samanta Tanmoy

China

Peking University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Tangmu Li

China

Nanjing University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Wenjun Ding

China

Nanjing University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Yuhao Zhou

China

Nanjing University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Yun-Chen Yang

TaiwanNational Central University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Ze Zhong

China

Nanjing University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Zigong Xu

China

Nanjing University

Nov. 6 - 11, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Yu ChenTaiwanNational Central University

Nov. 6 - 15, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Yu Lun Liou

TaiwanNational Central University

Nov. 6 - 15, 2017

Participant in the
Symposium

Willi Exner

Germany

Technische Universität Braunschweig

Nov. 6 - Dec. 1,
2017VisitorTakuma Nakamura

Austria

Austrian Academy of Sciences

Nov. 11 - 16, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Wai-Leong Teh

Malaysia

Space Science Centre, Institute of Climate
ChangeNov. 11 - 16, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Elena Kupriyanova

RussiaCentral Astronomical Observatory at Pulkovo of
Nov. 13 - 15, 2017
the RAS

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

104 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Uma DasIndia

Indian Institute of Information Technology
KalyaniNov. 14 - Dec. 29,
2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Chen-Jeih Pan

TaiwanInstitute of Space Sciences, National Central
University, Taiwan

Nov. 20 - 22, 2017

VisitorAndres Munoz Jaramillo U.S.A.

South West Research InstituteNov. 24 - Dec. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Leif Svalgaard

U.S.A.

Stanford University

Nov. 25 - Dec. 2,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Lisa Upton

U.S.A.

High Altitude Observatory

Nov. 25 - Dec. 2,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Mausumi Dikpati

U.S.A.

High Altitude Observatory

Nov. 25 - Dec. 2,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Robert Cameron

Germany

Max-Planck Institute for Solar System Research

Nov. 25 - Dec. 3,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Jie Jiang

China

Beihang University

Nov. 27 - Dec. 2,
2017Participant in the
Symposium

Chia-Chun Wu

TaiwanTaiwan Typhoon and Flood Research InstituteNov. 28, 2017

VisitorChi-June Jung

TaiwanTaiwan Typhoon and Flood Research InstituteNov. 28, 2017

VisitorHsuan-Wei Wang

TaiwanTaiwan Typhoon and Flood Research InstituteNov. 28, 2017

VisitorLei Feng

TaiwanTaiwan Typhoon and Flood Research InstituteNov. 28, 2017

VisitorJianwei Lin

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Dec. 18 - 22, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Byambatseren
Chuluunpurev

MongolThe National University of Mongolia

Dec. 18 - 23, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Sonomdagva
Chonokhuu

MongolThe National University of Mongolia

Dec. 18 - 26, 2017

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ruoying He

U.S.A.

North Carolina State University

Dec. 22, 2017

VisitorJohn Michael
Ruohoniemi

U.S.A.

Virginia Tech

Jan. 6 - 13, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Alexandre Vasilyevich
Koustov

CanadaUniversity of Saskachewan

Jan. 7 - 13, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Joseph Benjamin
Harold Baker

U.S.A.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University

Jan. 7 - 13, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumMark Lester

U.K.

University of Leicester

Jan. 7 - 13, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Seiji Yashiro

U.S.A.

Catholic University and GSFC, NASA

Jan. 14 - 24, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ji Young Lee

Korea

Naju National Research Institute of Cultural
Heritage

Jan. 17, 2018

Visitor

Jiseon Han

Korea

Jungwon National Research Institute of Cultural
Jan. 17, 2018
Heritage

Visitor

So Young Kang

Korea

National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage

Jan. 17, 2018

VisitorEsa Turunen

Finland

Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory: SGO

Jan. 18 - 24, 2018

VisitorXingyao Chen

China

Chinese Academy of Sciences

Jan. 23 - Feb. 10,
2018

Visitor

Stephen Michael
Playfer

U.K.

University of Edinburgh

Feb. 1 - Jul. 31,
2018

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Jing Huang

China

Chinese Academy of SciencesFeb. 4 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 105

12. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Yin Zhang

China

Chinese Academy of SciencesFeb. 4 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Zhang Jin

China

Chinese Academy of SciencesFeb. 4 - 21, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Seung-Gu Lee

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
resources

Feb. 5 - 13, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Jeongwoo Lee

Korea

Seoul National University

Feb. 9 - 28, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Carsten Bumann

NorwayUniversity of TromsøFeb. 17 - 23, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Dorata Jozwicki

NorwayUniversity of TromsøFeb. 17 - Mar. 1,
2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Tetsu Anan

U.S.A.

National Solar Observatory

Feb. 17 - Mar. 1,
2018Participant in the
Symposium

Alphonse Sterling

U.S.A.

NASA Marshall Space Flight CenterFeb. 23 - Mar. 1,
2018Participant in the
Symposium

David Mckenzie

U.S.A.

NASA Marshall Space Flight CenterFeb. 23 - Mar. 1,
2018Participant in the
Symposium

Keiji Hayashi

China

National Space Science Center, Chinese
Academy of ScienceFeb. 25 - Mar. 2,
2018Participant in the
Symposium

Dana W. Longcope

U.S.A.

Montana State University

Feb. 26 - 28, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Gregal Vissers

SwedenStockholm University

Feb. 26 - 28, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Kevin Reardon

U.S.A.

National Solar Observatory

Feb. 26 - 28, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumMark Rast

U.S.A.

University of Colorado, Boulder

Feb. 26 - 28, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Thomas Schad

U.S.A.

National Solar Observatory

Feb. 26 - 28, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Linda. E. Sugiyama

U.S.A.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Mar. 6 - 8, 2018

VisitorPeriasamy Kaliappan
Manoharan

India

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

Mar. 11 - 30, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Hwang Junga

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteMar. 15 - 21, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Zhongping Lee

U.S.A.

University of Massachusetts Boston

Mar. 15 - Jun. 14,
2018

Foreign Visiting
Research Fellow

Harada Hiroki

U.S.A.

University of Iowa

Mar. 19 - 20, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Junga Hwang

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteMar. 19 - 20, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Miyashita Yukinaga

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteMar. 19 - 20, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Imai Masafumi

U.S.A.

University of Iowa

Mar. 19 - 21, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Futaana Yoshifumi

SwedenSwedish Institute of Space Physics

Mar. 19 - 22, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Antonia Savcheva

U.S.A.

Smithsonian Observatory

Mar. 19 - 30, 2018

Visitor106 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. International Relations

Seminars by Foreign Visitors
Date

Number of

Name

Affiliation

Title

Apr. 3, 2017

Haimin Wang

New Jersey Instituteof Technology

Recent Scientific Results of 1.6m New Solar Telescope at Big
Bear Solar Observatory

Apr. 17, 2017

Antonio Ferriz
Mas

Facultad de Ciencias,
THE THIN FLUX-TUBE APPROXIMATION AND
de Orense
APPLICATIONS IN SOLAR/STELLAR MAGNETISM
Universidad de Vigo

Apr. 21, 2017

Fulvia Pucci

Princeton Plasma
Physics Laboratory

Flares, CMEs and explosive events: the “ideal” tearing mode andfast reconnection triggering in magnetized plasmas, from fluid tokinetic scales.

16

Apr. 24, 2017

K. D. Leka ✱NorthWest Research
Associates

Solar Flares and Space Weather Forecasting19

May 11, 2017

Ch
Sonomdagva

National University ofMongolia

The air pollution study in Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia

9

May 15, 2017

Andrew Hillier

University of Exeter

The linear growth of oscillation driven magnetic Kelvin-Helmholtz
Instability

22

May 15, 2017

Bernhard
University of Potsdam Decay index profile and coronal mass ejection speed
Hartmut Kliem✱

May 17, 2017

Antonia
Savcheva

Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for
Astrophysics

Solar Sigmoidal Active Regions: From Formation to Eruption

24

May 19, 2017

Janardhan
Padmanabhan

Physical ResearchLaboratory, India

Declining solar activity: Is the sun going into hibernation?

8

Jun. 12, 2017

Elena
Kupriyanova

Central Astronomical
Observatory at
Pulkovo of the RAS

About method of multi-wavelength diagnostics of mechanism of
quasi-periodic pulsations in solar flares

21

Jul. 6, 2017

Surendra
University of Delhi
Kumar Dhaka✱

An overview of convective sources and dynamical processes inshaping the troposphere and stratosphere

7

Jul. 7, 2017

DanielIzuikedinachi
Okoh ✱

National Space
Research andDevelopment Agency

Occurrence frequency of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles over West
Africa using an All-sky Airglow Imager and GNSS receivers

26

Jul. 10, 2017

Magnus Morton
Woods ✱

University College
LondonSpace & Climate
Physics

Observations and Modelling of the Pre-flare Period of the 29
March 2014 X1 Flare

14

Jul. 14, 2017

Jeonghoon Lee

Korea University ofTechnology &Education

Photothermal Interferometry: An alternative tool for measuring
light absorbing carbon

7

Jul. 19, 2017

Jihye Kang

Kyung Hee University

Distribution Characteristic of Coronal Electric Current Density as
an Indicator for Occurrence of a Solar Flare

11

Jul. 19, 2017

Nghiem Trung
Dung

Hanoi University of
Science andTechnology

Nanoparticles in Hanoi: Level, chemical compositions
and potential sources

9Sep. 1, 2017

Sergii V.
Panasenko ✱Institute of ionosphere

Ionospheric Research in Ukraine using Kharkiv Incoherent
Scatter Facility

25

Participant

SOME

15

15

26

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 107

12. International Relations

Affiliation

Number of

Date

Name

Title

Sep. 7, 2017

Devanaboyina
Venkata
Ratnam ✱KL University

Ionospheric Total Electron Content Forecasting Algorithms using
Ground Based GNSS observations over India and Japan37

Sep. 8, 2017

Hung-Chi Kuo

National Taiwan
University

Research introduction (monsoon, typhoon, precipitation, etc.).

25

Oct. 10, 2017

SergeyAnatolievich
Tyul'bashev ✱Lebedev PhysicalInstitute

Space Weather from IPS Observations at 111 MHz

9Oct. 23, 2017

Angelos
Vourlidas

JHU, APL

The Magnetic Flux Rope Nature of Coronal Mass Ejections

25

Oct. 26, 2017

Ondrej Santolik

Czech Academy of
Sciences

From lightning to chorus

17Oct. 27, 2017

Geeta Vichare

Indian Institute ofGeomagnetism

Overview of low latitude current systems

24

Oct. 30, 2017

M. Leila Mays

GSFC, NASA

The Community Coordinated Modeling Center: A Hub for
Advancing Space Science and Space Weather Capabilities

30

Nov. 10, 2017

Diptiranjan Rout

Physical ResearchLaboratory, India

Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere
Varying Space Weather Conditions

6

Nov. 15, 2017

Ioannis A.
Daglis ✱National &Kapodistrian
University of Athens

Storms, substorms, particles and waves: the quintessence ofgeospace weather

17

Nov. 16, 2017

Willi Exner

Technische
Universität
Braunschweig

CME Impacts onto the Hermean Magnetosphere11

Nov. 22, 2017

C. J. Pan

Institute of Space
Sciences, National
Central University

Effect of Kelvin Waves on stratospheric QBO during El Nino
periods using ECMWF reanalysis data

15

Nov. 24, 2017

Joaquim I.
Goes and Helga
Columbia University
do Rosario
Gomes ✱

(1) The role of the Aleutian Low Pressure System in regulating
phytoplankton production and carbon export in the North
Pacific Ocean(2) The contrasting influence of two large revers on thebiogeography of phytoplankton communities across theriver-ocean continuum

15

Nov. 24, 2017

Uma DasIndian Institute ofInformation
Technology Kalyani

Tidal Variability in the Middle and Upper Atmosphere36

Nov. 26, 2017

Chi-June Jung

Taiwan Typhoon andFlood ResearchInstitute

Applications of Unmanned Aircraft Sounding System in Taiwan

23

Nov. 26, 2017

Hsuan-Wei
Wang

Taiwan Typhoon andFlood ResearchInstitute

Airborne observation: Experience of DOTSATR and Future23

Dec. 22, 2018

Ruoying He

North Carolina State
University

Observational and Modeling Study of Ocean Circulation, Air-sea
Interactions, and Biogeochemical Processes in the Northwest
Atlantic Coastal Ocean

20

Jan. 11, 2018Mark Lester

University of Leicester

Radio Sounding of Planetary Ionospheres: Examples at Earthand Mars

20

108 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchParticipant

SystemUnder

12. International Relations

Date

Name

Chen Xingyao

Feb. 6, 2018

Huang Jing

Zhang Yin

Affiliation
National Astronomical
Observatories,
Chinese Academy of
Sciences
National Astronomical
Observatories,
Chinese Academy of
Sciences
National Astronomical
Observatories,
Chinese Academy of
Sciences

Number of

Title

Participant

Spectral and Imaging analysis of the solar radio bursts observedby LOFAR and MUSER

The microwave emission of an eruptive prominence

7

VLA Observa,ons of A M8. 4 FlareFeb. 13, 2018

Lynn Marie
Kisteler ✱University of New
Hampshire

Contributions of Oxygen to the Storm-Time Ring Current

24

Mar. 7, 2018

Linda E.
Sugiyama

Massachusetts
Institute ofTechnology

The structure of solar coronal loops

9Mar. 19, 2017

Periasamy
Kaliappan
Manoharan

Radio Astronomy
CentreSpace Weather and Solar Wind Studies with the Ooty Radio
Telescope

11

Mar. 22, 2018

Daniel Philip
Stern

Naval ResearchLaboratory

Understanding Extreme Updrafts and Wind Gusts Using
Dropsondes and Large-Eddy Simulations

15

Mar. 23, 2018

Antonia
Savcheva

Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for
Astrophysics

Data-constrained MHD simulations of Erupting Solar Active
Regions

13

19

13

Mar. 23-24,
2018

Daniel Philip
Stern

Naval ResearchLaboratory(1) The Structure and Dynamixs of the Tropical Cyclone
Eyewall(2) The Tropical Cyclone Warm Core
(3) Understanding Extreme Updrafts and Wind Gusts Using
Dropsonde Observations and Large-Eddy Simulations

Mar. 28, 2018

Frederic CletteRoyal Observatory of
Belgium

Sunspot and synoptic science at the World Data Center SILSO✱ Foreign Visiting Staff

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 109

12. International Relations＜Abbreviations＞
APL:

Applied Physics Laboratory

CASS:

Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences

CERN:

Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire, European Organization for Nuclear Research

CESR:

Centre d'Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements

CETP:

Centre d'étude des environnements terrestres et planétaires

CNRS:

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

EISCAT:

European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association

GSFC:

Goddard Space Flight Center

IBEX:

Interstellar Boundary Explorer

IFSI:

Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio InterplanetarioiLEAPS:

Integrated Land Ecosystem-Atmosphere Processes StudyIKFIA:

Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronom

INFN:

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

INPE:

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Brazilian Institute of Space Research

IPS:

Ionospheric Prediction Services

IPSL:

Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace

ISTP:

Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics

JHUAPL:

Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

KASI:

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

LAPAN:

Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional, National Institute of Aeronautics and SpaceLOFAR:

Low Frequency Array

LPC2E:

Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace

MSFC:

Marshall Space Flight Center

MWA:

Murchison Widefield ArrayNASA:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

SB RAS:

Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of sciences

SCOSTEP

Scientific Committee on Solar Terrestrial Physics

UCB:

University of California, Berkeley

UCI:

University of California, Irvine

UCLA:

University of California, Los Angeles

UCSC:

University of California, Santa Cruz

UCSD:

University of California, San Diego

110 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research13. Outreach

13. Outreach
Public lectures, open labs, and school visits
ISEE members have contributed to public education through 31 lecture visits, seven public lectures at theuniversity, three open laboratory events, three public laboratory demonstrations, one field trip for children, and ten
high-school student visits.
ISEE held open laboratory sessions and special lectures for the public on June 10 and 11 during the 2017 Nagoya
University Festival, and a half-day public lecture meeting on December 2, 2017.
ISEE and the former STEL have maintained a close relationship with the town of Rikubetsu in Hokkaido since2003. Public lectures were held on November 10, 2017 at Rikubetsu Elementary School and Rikubetsu Junior HighSchool, and on November 26, 2017 at Rikubetsu Junior High School. Public laboratory demonstrations were presented
on November 11, 2017 at the Rikubetsu Space Earth Science Museum.
ISEE distributes a series of booklets that answer 50 questions on various topics, as well as informative comic
books related to space–Earth subjects for the public.
A video introducing ISEE for young students and the public was produced, and can be seen on the ISEE website.
The ISEE website (http://www.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/) continues to publish the most up-to-date activities andoutcomes of laboratory science to the public. The digitized booklet series can also be browsed at this site.

Public lecture on the ISEE open laboratory (June 10, 2017).

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research111Addresses of Facilities
Location
Nagoya①

Name
ISEE ResearchInstitutes Buildings I/II

Toyokawa

Hokkaido②③

Address
Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601

Toyokawa Branch

3-13 Honohara, Toyokawa-shi, Aichi 442-8507

Moshiri Observatory

Moshiri, Horokanai, Uryu, Hokkaido 074-0741④

345 Uenbetsu, Rikubetsu-cho, Ashoro-gun,
Rikubetsu
Observatory

TEL/FAX
TEL:+81-52-747-6303
FAX:+81-52-747-6313
TEL:+81-533-89-5206
FAX:+81-533-86-3154
TEL:+81-165-38-2345
FAX:+81-165-38-2345
TEL:+81-156-27-8103

Hokkaido 089-4301
58-1, 78-1, 78-5, 129-1, 129-4 Pontomamu,

TEL:+81-156-27-4011

Rikubetsu-cho, Ashoro-gun, Hokkaido 089-4300
Yamanashi

Kagoshima⑤⑥

Fuji Observatory

1347-2 Fujigane, Fujikawaguchiko-machi,

TEL:+81-555-89-2829

Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi 401-0338

Kagoshima

3860-1 Honjo, Tarumizu-shi, Kagoshima 891-

Observatory

2112

TEL:+81-994-32-0730