（第 15 次調査資料）

引用：http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/secsoc/areas/stat/css/cssintro.htm
ILO 第 15 次調査（1990～1993 年）

Cost of Social Security Basic Tables 1990-93 - Introduction
Every three years, the International Labour Office has been conducting an inquiry into
the cost of social security by means of a questionnaire sent to all member States, inorder to obtain statistical data on the financial transactions of national social securityprogrammes. The inquiry, carried out by the ILO since 1949, includes all schemes andprogrammes meeting specific criteria. The results of previous inquiries have been
published in two volumes:■the Basic tables series; and■the Cost of Social Security (Comparative tables)
The last inquiry to have been published is The cost of Social Security: Fourteenthinternational inquiry, 1987-89, Comparative tables. It can be purchased from the ILO
Publication Branch. The results of the Fifteenth international inquiry, 1990-93 will only
be published on the INTERNET and no hard copy version will be made available.
The scope of the inquiry:
The scope of the basic inquiry is such as to obtain for each country as complete a pictureas possible of the receipts and expenditure on social security, that is, on all the schemes
or services which meet the following three criteria:■(1) the objectives of the system must be to grant curative or preventive medical care,or to maintain income in case of involuntary loss of earnings or of an important part ofearnings, or to grant a supplementary income to persons having family responsibilities;■(2) the system must have been set up by legislation which attributes specified
individual rights to, or which imposes specified obligations on, a public, semi-public orautonomous body;■(3) the system should be administered by a public, semi-public or autonomous body.
It should be noted, however, that any schemes of employment injury compensation
should be included in the inquiry, even if they do not meet criterion 3.1(c) above because
the liability for the compensation of employment injuries is imposed directly on theemployer.
Schemes covered by this inquiry:It follows from the above that the inquiry covers in particular the following schemes:■(a) compulsory social insurance;■(b) voluntary social insurance, in so far as it meets criterion (2);■(c) universal non-contributory schemes;■(d) provident funds, within the limits of criterion (3);■(e) employers' liability in respect of employment injury;■(f) family benefit schemes;■(g) national health services which are established by legislation and confer on all
citizens rights to prescribed services and benefits;■(h) special schemes or arrangements for public employees (pension, family benefits,sickness, employment injury compensation, etc., irrespective of whether they arecontributory or not); (Special schemes for public employees are social security schemesor arrangements for these employees, separate from the general and other specificsocial security schemes. For the purpose of this inquiry, public employees are those whowork in public administration and in public education, health, social and culturalservices. Both civilian and military employees are to be included. If employees of public
utilities and enterprises are also included in this category, this should be indicated in afootnote.)■(i) public assistance, within the limits of criterion (1);■(j) benefits for war victims, within the limits of criterion (1);■(k) industrial or occupational schemes or schemes and arrangements established byagreements between employers and workers, provided the obligation on the employers
has been made compulsory by law and these schemes or arrangements meet the above
three criteria (1) (2) and (3).
Schemes excluded from this inquiry:
The following schemes are excluded from this inquiry:■(a) schemes which have not been set up by legislation, such as individual insurance,
non-statutory welfare funds of establishments or occupational organizations, groupinsurance, mutual benefit societies;■(b) industrial or occupational pension schemes or provident funds established solely
by agreement between workers and employers, provided that no obligation for theirestablishment is imposed by law on the employer;

■(c) the obligations imposed by law on employers (except in respect of employment
injury compensation) to pay family allowances directly to their employees, without theintervention of an equalisation fund, or to pay a part of wages in case of sickness ormaternity or in case of departure from the establishment, etc.;■(d) private assistance and charity.
Contingencies covered:
The contingencies covered by the inquiry are those defined under the different parts ofILO Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952 (No. 102) which are thefollowing:■ Medical Care,■ Sickness Benefit,■ Maternity Benefit,■ Old-Age Benefit,■ Invalidity Benefit,■ Survivors' Benefit,■ Family Benefit,■ Employment Injury Benefit,■ Unemployment Benefit.
The Tables:
Each file contains:■ a table containing the basic social security receipt and expenditure figures asprovided by the respective agency to the ILO;
■ a table with the social security receipt and expenditure figures as a percentage ofGDP;■ a table with the social security receipt and expenditure figures in US dollars.
When the financial year does not correspond to a calendar year (January to December),then prorata GDP and exchange rates have been calculated and used in the tables.
The source for GDP and exchange rates have been provided by :■United Nations Statistics Division - National Accounts Section, Economic Statistics
Branch.
■The exchange rates used for the conversion of national currency data into US dollars
are the average market rates as published by the International Monetary Fund in theInternational Financial Statistics. Official exchange rates were used only when a freemarket rate was not available. For non-members of the Fund, the conversion rates used
are the averages of United Nations operational rates of exchange. It should be notedthat the use of market rates may distort the US dollar income level figures in a numberof countries. Therefore, comparability of data both across countries and over timeshould be dealt with caution.
Though the present inquiry covers the years 1990 to 1993, for certain countries data has
been provided for 1989 and for 1994.