研究

東洋

Oriental Studies
Volume 12

February 2022

CONTENTS

Abstracts in OTHER LANGUAGES
Research on Educational Tourism for Hospitality：
A Case Study of 'Hope Tourism' in Fukushima Prefecture

Kenichi Miura lxxvi

The Ideal "Forms" that Kongzi 孔子 Looked for:
The Folkloric Research in the Establishmentof the Chinese "Views of Humanity" and "Views of World"

Takanobu Shiroyama lxxvii

A Study of “Buddhist Humanism Economy”

KAWAI Shin lxxix

Norms and Actions in Mitsugi Nyūi’s Thinking—— centered on “sincerity” and “rule counting” ——Yang Shifan lxxxPublished annually by the Institute of Oriental Thoughts
Higashi Nippon International Universitylxxv

■論文外国語要旨

Research on Educational Tourism for Hospitality：
A Case Study of 'Hope Tourism' in Fukushima
PrefectureKenichi Miura
Keywords：Hospitality, Educational Tourism, Hope Tourism
Hospitality is said to have originated from the Latin word "hospes", whichin its original meaning means "lord of stranger". Hospitality has since cometo be used to refer to the creative relationships between masters and guests,
and to the act of treating each other as masters and guests. The author also
pointed out the importance of rethinking hospitality as a dynamic conceptof the process of self-transformation, and attempted to contrast it withbodhisattva practice in Buddhism. The purpose of this paper is to study
educational tourism, which has been attracting attention in recent years, basedon the ideological research on hospitality that the author has conducted sofar. In addition, I would like to clarify the nature of educational tourism thatforms hospitality by referring to the efforts of "Hope Tourism" in Fukushima
Prefecture as a concrete example.

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研究

東洋

The Ideal "Forms" that Kongzi 孔子 Looked for:
The Folkloric Research in the Establishment of theChinese "Views of Humanity" and "Views of World"
Takanobu Shiroyama
It was said again and again that Kongzi 孔子 made the great contribution to Chinese thought culture. However, the specific processes of creating
China world by him and his school and how the "forms" of that had been constructed by them have not been discussed enough because the problems arecomplicated and the processes were long-term. In addition to that, the modern
learning of China is based on the study of old documents though there is onlya small number of documents about the historical roll of him.
In this paper, I validate from the views of Confucianism as the philosophy of the East Asia the understanding others by individuals, specifically
how the Confucian scholars had understood the others and the different cultures.
Accordingly, I would like to confirm the meanings of "礼壊れ楽崩る", theworld based on the "heterogeneity" that Kongzi 孔子 lived. Next, I think about
the individual ideal "forms" and the "礼楽文明社会" that he looked for.Throughthose subjects I discuss the formation of the Chinese views of humanity andthe establishment of the Chinese views of world. After that, I confirm the"forms" that he understood the others and his search for the Chinese homogeneity. Finally, I argue the establishment of Confucian 桃源郷 utopia.
I approach the subjects from sociology, especially folklore and cultural anthropology, that is, the methodology of verifying homogeneity and commonality in the different historical, ethnic and cultural environments.I would
like to consider from the modern meanings what kind of attempts Kongzi 孔子
made and what kind of challenges he faced by using such a research methodthat emphasizes common recognition in this paper.

lxxvii■論文外国語要旨

A Study of “Buddhist Humanism Economy”
KAWAI Shin
The purpose of this paper studies the main concept of “Buddhist HumanismEconomy”, suggested by SGI President Daisaku Ikeda from his lecturesat several universities and the dialogue between A. J. Toynbee and him.
The key words are “Buddhist Humanism” and “Sanctity of life”. It is also
considered the essences of the academic system of “Buddhist HumanismEconomics”. It is realized that the concept and the way of thinking of “Buddhist
Humanism Economy” shows us “the road to walk” in the sake of “sustainabledevelopments” in front of the crisis of human species in the 21st century.
Keywords: Buddhist Humanism Economy, Sanctity of Life, Sustainable Developments

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研究

東洋Norms and Actions in Mitsugi Nyūi’s Thinking——centered on “sincerity” and “rule counting”——
Yang Shifan
Mitsugi Nyūi was a vassal of Tsugaru and presided over the political
reform in Tsugaru. He was also a philosopher who embraced the philosophyof Yamaga Sokō and Ogyū Sorai that proposed the real world is a complex
system composed of countless ever-changing concrete matter. According tothis philosophy, political actions in a rich and complex environment should not
be guided by conventional norms. One should instead commit oneself selflessly
and completely to focus on solving specific problems, thus achieving a mental
state of sincerity. In this way, the individual’s behavior will conform to thenatural laws of matter.
In addition, according to the philosophy of Mitsugi Nyūi, people’s politicalactions do not depend entirely on subjective “sincere” judgments. Whileemphasizing the purity of behaviour, it advocates the understanding of the lawof objective things through “rule counting”. Pure and selfless, and equippedwith full understanding of objective laws, one’s political actions will conform tonature.
This in essence is Mitsugi Nyūi’s philosophical contribution, which provided
the theoretical superstructure for his political reform.

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