Nurturing the Seeds of Humanity
CENTER FOR SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES KYOTO UNIVERSITY

2009 | 2010

Contents
Preface ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
Two Years at CSEAS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2
Chapter 1 ● Research Activities● Collaborative work …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4

Global COE Program: In Search of Sustainable Humanosphere in Asia and Africa ……………………………… 4
Joint Research by CSEAS Grant …………………………………………………………………………………… 6
Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research Projects ……………………………………………………………………… 7
Needs Based Area Studies Promotion Project for the World ………………………………………………… 17
Core University Program ……………………………………………………………………………………… 18
An Alternative Rural Development Model on the Basis of Rural History and Culture ……………………… 19● Research network ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20

Japan Consortium for Area Studies (JCAS) …………………………………………………………………… 20
Kyoto Sustainability Initiative (KSI) …………………………………………………………………………… 20
Institue of Sustainability Science (ISS) ………………………………………………………………………… 20● Seminars and symposia………………………………………………………………………………………… 21

International Symposia ………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
In-house Seminars ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 21
Colloquia ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 22
Special Seminars ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 22

Chapter 2 ● Social Contributions ………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
Chapter 3 ● Global Academic Networks
Long Distance Learning ………………………………………………………………………………………… 26

Foreign Research Fellows ……………………………………………………………………………………… 26
MOUs …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27
Liaison Office …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28
East Asian Networking Committee …………………………………………………………………………… 29
Department of Practice-oriented Area Studies ……………………………………………………………… 29
The API Fellowships ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29

Chapter 4 ● Staff Research Interests …………………………………………………………………………………… 30
Chapter 5 ● Division of Information and Networks
Library…………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 59
Special Collections ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 59
Map Collections ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 60
Database………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 61
GIS Laboratory ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 62
Information Processing Office ………………………………………………………………………………………… 62

Chapter 6 ● Publication
Monographs …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 63
Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies (Kyoto University Press and NUS Press) ……………………………… 63
Kyoto Area Studies on Asia (in English) ………………………………………………………………………… 64
Kyoto Area Studies on Asia (in Japanese) ……………………………………………………………………… 65
Monographs of the Center for Southeast Asian Studies ……………………………………………………… 65
Southeast Asian Studies ………………………………………………………………………………………… 66
Kyoto Working Papers on Area Studies ………………………………………………………………………… 66
Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia ………………………………………………………………………………… 66
International Publication by Staff ……………………………………………………………………………… 66

Chapter 7 ● Education
Graduate School Education …………………………………………………………………………………… 68
Southeast Asia Seminar ………………………………………………………………………………………… 68
Educational Work ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 69

Chapter 8 ● Awards ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 69
Chapter 9 ● History of CSEAS………………………………………………………………………………………………… 70
Chapter 10 ● Organization ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 71

Preface

The

Center for Southeast Asian Studies(CSEAS) was established in 1963 as apioneer institution for area studies in Japan. Upon its creation, the newly organized Center lost no time in launching
joint research projects in Thailand and Malaysia. Research
was conducted in various fields; from detailed community
studies by anthropologists to the investigation of tropicalforests, paddy soils, and agricultural techniques by natural scientists. While many of its counterparts establishedin the early 1960s devoted themselves exclusively to thesocial sciences and humanities, CSEAS was unique inbeing a multidisciplinary and comparative institution
from the beginning. Relying on intensive fieldwork andjoint research projects, the Center has a unique approachcombining the humanities and social sciences with naturalscience disciplines like ecology, agriculture, and medical
science. Moreover, while Southeast Asia remains at thecenter of its attention, CSEAS has extended its research
activities to adjoining regions, conducting studies in Sri
Lanka, Bangladesh, India, China, and Korea for the purpose of enriching its comparative perspective.
The latter has been spurred by the increasing importance of viewing Southeast Asia, and area studies itself, in
the contexts of globalization and localization and promoting inter-regional comparison when examining themes
such as Islam, urbanization, and regional economic networks. Through the years, CSEAS has accumulated a
substantial number of books, journals, magazines, newspapers, primary documents, and audiovisual data. It
publishes an internationally recognized journal, Tonan
Ajia Kenkyu (Southeast Asian Studies), and an innovative
multi-lingual internet journal, Kyoto Review of Southeast
Asia, as well as monographs by its staff and other scholars published by Kyoto University Press, University of
Hawai‘i Press, Trans Pacific Press, and National Universityof Singapore Press. CSEAS has also undergone periodic
reorganization and broadening of its policies in response to
rapidly-changing social and academic times. Beginningwith liaison offices established in Bangkok (1963) andJakarta (1970) to facilitate field research and interaction
with counterparts, CSEAS today has a network of collaboration in Southeast Asian studies with institutions
stretching from East Asia to Europe. In 1998, together with the Center for African Area Studies (CAAS), it
established the Graduate School of Asian and African

Area Studies(ASAFAS)
and has since collaborated with its faculty topromote graduate education in area studies.
And through its organization of new research
Mizuno Kosuke
networks like the Japan
Director
Consortium for Area
Studies, established in 2004, CSEAS is also playing a keyrole in designing a new model for future area studies.
CSEAS was active in establishing Center for Integrated
Area Studies (CIAS), Kyoto University in 2006 to promotecomparative area studies among regions. Moreover the
Ministry of Education recognized CSEAS as an institution promoting International Program of Collaboration on
Southeast Asian Studies in 2009.
Throughout these changes, collaboration with theregion remains a core practice. While learning from theirrich and diverse experiences, CSEAS makes every effort
to share new theories and perspectives with the peoplesof Southeast Asia. Finally, CSEAS has started to develop
a new paradigm to strengthen links between academic
disciplines while contributing to solving practical issues
encountered in the field. Southeast Asia faces many newchallenges as it confronts issues like political democratization, administrative decentralization and good governance,
gender bias free and sustainable development, disaster
preparedness, the prevention of infectious diseases, andcommunity based resource management. The CSEAS
staff is conducting studies on these issues and seeking
solutions in close collaboration with scholars, farmers,
bureaucrats, scientists, and NGO members in the region.
With the help of scholars from the hard sciences andhigh-technology engineering, it launched a five-year project in 2007 to promote an area studies approach towarda sustainable humanosphere. CSEAS now has almost 80
research staff as well as 25 administrative staff. It is hopedthat this report will give readers a clear understanding of
the center’s activities and goals. We invite you to provide
us with critical comments and advice so as to further
develop area studies.
November, 20091

Two Years at CSEAS

Towards a New International Collaborative InitiativeThe

last two years at CSEAS have seen a number of exciting changes. In Oct. 2008,
CSEAS’s new main building, the Inamori Foundation
Memorial Hall was inaugurated. Alongside this addition,
CSEAS’s library building, an old textile factory constructed in the Meiji era, was renovated to tolerate earthquakes.
This has created a new landscape for CSEAS, particularly
when viewed from the Kamo River, offering a striking
contrast between tradition and modernity. During thisperiod, CSEAS continued to expand its international andinterdisciplinary academic activities.
The Global COE Program “In Search of Sustainable
Humanosphere in Asia and Africa” started in 2007, is
now accumulating innovative ideas and challenging initiatives and receiving a wide range of publicity from thesocial sciences, humanities and science and technology
studies, with area studies at the core. In Mar. 2009 itorganized the international conference on “Biosphere asa Global Force of Change” and the “Changing Nature of
Nature” in Dec. 2009 with international/domestic, senior/junior and professors/students participants. A new booktitled “Geosphere, Biosphere and Humanosphere: What is
Sustainable Humanosphere” (in Japanese) is in press, which
presents the essence of the research progress of the firsttwo years.
Collaboration with four research institutes of Kyoto
University, namely, the Institute for Chemical Research,Institute of Advanced Energy, Research Institute for
Sustainable Humanosphere and Disaster Prevention

Inamori Foundation Memorial Hall

2

Research Institute, was further strengthened. The
Institute of Sustainable Science launched a new research
program entitled “Mobile Site Research,” under which
CSEAS established three field stations in Shiga and Kyoto
prefectures to jointly work with local governments, NGOs
and local residents to re-evaluate indigenous knowledge
and reconstruct sustainable man-nature interactions.
The decade-long JSPS-NRCT Core University
Program was successfully replaced by the new program,
JSPS’s Asian Core Program “Asian Connections: Southeast
Asian Model for Co-existence in the 21st Century” andis going to establish multilateral academic partnerships
with Thammasart University, Thailand, the Indonesian
Institute of Sciences, and the Center for Asia-Pacific Area
Studies, Academia Sinica, Taiwan. It also co-organized
the 33rd Southeast Asia Seminar in Sep. 2009 titled“ ‘Region’ and Regional Perspectives on/from Southeast
Asia.” Junior scholars from partner institutes actively
participated in a series of week-long English lectures anddiscussions.
CSEAS publications also added a new series, Kyoto
CSEAS Series on Asian Studies, from Kyoto University
Press and National University of Singapore Press in 2009
to create effective outlets of scholarship on Asian studies
by Asian scholars, under which two books have alreadybeen published.
Through the outcome of these efforts and as a leading institute in Southeast Asian studies worldwide, we
proposed to upgrade CSEAS as a Joint Usage/Research

Center to the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology, Japan. In this connection, we
have launched the CSEAS-granted joint research program
since 2008 to strengthen the Southeast Asian studies network, and six two-year research projects, mostly proposedby prominent scholars of Southeast Asian studies, wereselected and implemented on an annual basis. We also
asked related international and domestic institutes andmembers of the academic community of Southeast Asianstudies to support our proposal, and collected 131 supporting letters, including 44 letters from foreign institutes.
After a year long screening, the proposal “International
Program of Collaborative Research, CSEAS” was successfully approved in May 2009, and CSEAS will be renewed
as a Joint Usage/Research Center in Apr. 2010. We arepreparing several new programs, expanding common-use
capacities particularly of publications, library, map roomand the liaison offices in Bangkok and Jakarta and joint
research programs, to contribute more to the internationaland domestic academic communities of Southeast Asianstudies.
In the year 2008 and 2009, CSEAS welcomed
Associate Professor Kozan, Assistant Professor López,Assistant Professors (Global COE) Kimura, Sato and Nishi
as new staff, while saying goodbye to Associate Professor
Igarashi and Assistant Professor Yonezawa, who have beensteady and warm-hearted pillars at CSEAS for the last
three decades, together with Assistant Professor (Global
COE) Ubukata. Finally, CSEAS also welcomed more than
30 post-doctoral fellows during the last two years, who are
working for various on-going research projects. It is hopedthat these young scholars to breathe fresh air into CSEAS
for its further development.

Basis for the new development of Southeast Asian Studies
towards the construction of a co-existence paradigm

Lessons that the contemporary world can learn fromconflicts solutions and potentialities of Southeast Asian Societies
Coexistence on the Earthbetween Local Societies

Avoiding the clash of
cultures; look towards asymphony of many
civilizations

Coexistence on the Earth between
local societies promotes
coexistence of local societies on the Earth

Reciprocity

Coexistence
Paradigm

Coexistence between
the Earth and Local Societies

Cycle

Dealing with
contemporary issues,
finding balance withnatural cycles

Coexistence between the Earth andlocal societies promotes
coexistence of local societies on the Earth

Multicivilizationcoexistingdevelopment throughcooperation

Development ofsustainablehumanosphere3

1 Global COE Program: In Search of Sustainable
Research Activities

Humanosphere in Asia and Africa

Since

as a main forum of paradigm formulation,
its launch in Jul. 2007,
while four research groups (“initiatives”)
the Global COE (Centerorganized many more meetings on specificfor Excellence) Program on sustainable
themes. To interact with researchers outhumanosphere has made a visible impact
side the University, we organized 34 interon the academic activities of the Center fornational conferences and seminars, many
Southeast Asian Studies. It strengthenedof them abroad, resulting in the publication
the Center’s ties with eight collaboratingof many proceedings (in English), while
institutions within the University; It madeintermediate results of individual research
CSEAS a site of intensive discussion on
were published in 73 working papers (a halfsustainable development in Asia and Africaof them in English, the rest in Japanese).
by bringing in a large number of young
The summary of our progress on the pararesearchers with a diverse disciplinary
digm formulation will be published in an
background and by encouraging them toProfessor Sugihara Kaoru
edited volume (in Japanese) from the Kyoto
talk to each other; And it culminated in an(Convener, Global COE)
University Press.
atmosphere of a truly interdisciplinary disThe most important outcome in the area of teachingcourse taking place on a daily basis.
and training was the establishment of a new postgraduate
Inheriting the system of education and training
course for the study of a “Sustainable Humanosphere” atfounded by the 21st Century COE program, this proASAFAS. Two professorial posts were granted for this,gram not only mobilizes resources of four area studies
institutions, CSEAS, the Graduate School of Asian and
African Studies (ASAFAS), the Center for Integrated Area
Studies and the Center for African Area Studies, but collaborates with scientists working on frontier technology
at other institutes and schools, especially the ResearchInstitute of Sustainable Humanosphere. Scholars at theInstitute of Sustainable Science, the Institute for Researchin Humanities, the Graduate School of Agriculture and
the Graduate School of Engineering are also participatingin the program. It puts forward a new paradigm of “sustainable humanosphere,” to address such vital issues as
the impact of global warming upon the local societies ofAsia and Africa, and to suggest a sustainable path of local
and regional development. As an organizing institution,
1
CSEAS has played a leading role in all aspects of coordination.

The First Two Years

During the first two years we focused on achieving
two objectives, in order to develop a new field of study: toformulate a new paradigm and to establish a teaching andtraining program. To realize the first objective, we created opportunities for a frequent and sustained exchangeof views among ourselves. We held monthly meetings
2
All photos were taken at the 2nd
International Conference in Mar. 2009.
Fig 1: Dr. Harro Maat of Wageningen
University, the Netherlands
Fig 2 : D r. N ov a t y E ny D u n g g a o f
Hasanuddin University, Indonesia,
who participated under the exchange
scheme for young scholars
Fig 3: Dr. Fujita Motoko (Global COE/
CSEAS)
Fig 4: Dr. Kimura Shuhei (Global COE/
CSEAS)

3

4

4

Collaborative work

to the one which
appreciates theinfluences of otherv it a l element s
such as water, air,and material andenergy circulation.
In order to do this,
we distinguish
bet ween geosphere, biospherea nd huma nosphere in the nar- Explaining diagrams
row sense (humansociety), and propose to study the dynamics between the three spheres.
One focus is to rethink the rigidly defined concepts that
underpin most modern institutional arrangements (suchParadigm Formulation
as private property rights and territorial boundaries on
Paradigm formulation has taken three directions.
the premise that the environment can be summarized in
First, we suggest a shift in our understanding of the enviland). Second, we propose to shift our attention from theronment from the land (or land surface) based perspective
temperate zone to tropics in thinking
The historical evolution of
about the earth’s center of environthree spheres
ment and the future site of technoThe historical evolution of three spheres
logical and institutional innovations.
Years are not to scale.
Third, implicit in our understanding
the earth
4.56 billion years agoof the environment in terms of landin the temperate zone is an assumpliving organism
4 billion years ago
The impact of biospheretion that modern global history has
been driven by concerns for production rather than by those for humanplants, animals and fungi
survival, welfare and existence itself.
590-570 million years ago
Years are not toscale.
We propose to examine the “humanosphere,” which consists not only of
mammals
250 million years ago
production but of all aspects of humanhomo sapiens
life, including birth and death (hence
The impact of
The impact of
200,000 years ago
humanospherehumanosphere
reproduction), education and informal
The agricultural revolutioncare of the elderly.
The industrial revolution
These new directions have led us
to a number of specific projects, which
Geosphere
Humanosphere
Biosphere
are expected to yield results by Mar.
Prevailing perspectives
2013 when this program ends. One ofof threethese is an interdisciplinary study ofPrevailing perspectives of threespheres spheres
Riau Biosphere Reserves in Indonesia,
in collaboration with the Indonesia
Institute of Sciences (LIPI) and Riau
Social science
Natural science
University, where a fuller understandperspective
perspective
Geosphere
ing of interactions between forests andIn economics land and labour represent
In natural science geosphere andgeosphere and humanosphere.
biosphere are studied.
human agencies is sought by assemBiosphereisassumed.
Humanosphere is assumed.
bling scientific and local knowledge.
The other is an attempt to construct a“humanosphere index,” in replacementof the human development index, toHumanosphere
Biosphere
Humanistic
direct our attention more precisely toperspective
the vital core of human survival and
Human being is
Bio-moral
regarded as mostwelfare in local societies in Asia andperspective
precious. Environment
Africa.
In biology humanosphere is treated as part of biosphere.
(geosphere+biosphere)
and three first year students began their postgraduate
work in Apr. 2008. Core members of the program contribute to the teaching of this course. Meanwhile, the program funded related research, carried out by postgraduate
students and postdoctoral fellows, by financing their fieldwork and by encouraging the submission of papers to refereed journals.
The employment of “Global COE assistant professors” and “Global COE researchers” was central to ouractivities (we appointed ten full-time researchers). In turn,they made a great contribution to the paradigm formulation by helping with organization and by participating in
the intellectual discourse themselves. Four of them had
already secured tenured posts elsewhere, partly as a resultof an appreciation of their work at Global COE by their
future employers.

In some thoughts life (humanosphere+biosphere) isregarded as most valuable. Geosphere is assumed.

is contrasted withhumanosphere.

http://www.humanosphere.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/

5

1 Joint Research by CSEAS Grant
Research Activities

In

order to further strengthen collaborative workwith scholars in other universities and research
institutions, CSEAS began a program “Joint Researchby CSEAS Grant” in 2008. A six million yen budget wasallocated for this program with a maximum budget of
600 thousand yen annually for individual projects lasting
less than two years. Applications are open to the public
on the condition that more than half of the members of a
research team are not affiliated with CSEAS.
In relation to priority issues in CSEAS’s strategicplan, five topics were prioritized: 1) research tacklingurgent issues which Southeast Asian societies are confronting; 2) basic as well as interdisciplinary researchtrying to deepen and widen the scope of Southeast Asianstudies; 3) research utilizing precious materials collectedby CSEAS such as maps, visual images, rare books, and soon; 4) practice-oriented area studies actively implemented
in cooperation with staff from NGOs and NPOs, local
governments, and so on; 5) international joint researchutilizing CSEAS liaison offices strategically located in
Jakarta and Bangkok.

Research Topics in 2009 Fiscal Year
Theme

Project Leader

1

The Informal Economy in Asia and the Global Value Chain

Faculty of Economics, Saitama University

2

A Study of Informal Trans-National Human Flow from the Pointof View of Regional Re-integration: A Scholarly Exchange Program
between Japan and Thailand Based at the Bangkok Liaison Office,
CSEAS

Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University

3

Preliminary Research on Large Scale Natural Disaster’s Impact on
Economy and Politics in Asia

Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo

4

People’s Wisdom Relating to Huge Disasters: Case Study in Some
Villages of Maubin, Ayeyarwaddy Division of Myanmar

Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University

5

Comparative Study on Rural Social Structure in Asia: Village
Formation under Local GovernanceCenter for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

6

A Cultural Ecological Study of “Swidden on the Verge ofVanishing” in Southeast Asia

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

7

An Incubation Study on Social Dynamics of the Maritime
Southeast Asia: Focusing on the Population Flow and the Making
of Sea Folks

Faculty of Sociology, Toyo University

8

Resource Sharing of Southeast Asian Studies Related Periodicals

Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University

9

Comparative Study of Land Uses in Southeast Asia

Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo

10

Development of Information Sharing Systems for Area Studies
through International Cooperation

Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University

11

Repositioning peranakan: Negotiating Nationality and Ethnicity in
the Malay World

Center for Integrated Area Studies, Kyoto University

12

Comparative Research on People’s Participation in Local
Governance: Thailand, The Philippines and Indonesia

Graduate School of Law, Osaka City University

Endo Tamaki

Kataoka Tatsuki

Nishi Yoshimi

Hayashi Taiichi

Fujita Koichi

Yokoyama Satoshi

Nagatsu Kazufumi

Kitamura Yumi

Umetani Masahiro

Hoshikawa Keisuke

Yamamoto Hiroyuki

Nagai Fumio

http://www.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/IPCR/joint_research/joint-research_en.html

6Collaborative work

Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research Projects
1 Scientific Research (S)Period: FY2007-2010

Development of Area Informatics:

With Emphasis on Southeast Asia
Principal Investigator: Shibayama Mamoru

Informatics can provide area studies with new approaches
and knowledge, but only through the further developmentof the field through its application to area studies. This
five-year project has the objective of creating and building
a new discipline of “area informatics” that amalgamates
informatics, which is the application of geo-informatics tothe humanities, social, and natural sciences at the interdisciplinary level, with area studies. The project focuseson the following main topics: (1) Experimental studies inarea studies based on informatics-like methodology; (2)Research into advanced information systems in area studies; and (3) Research for sharing information resources andinfrastructure for area studies.
In order to develop area informatics based on these
topics, three core projects are being pursued: the Thang
Long-Hanoi project, the Ayutthaya project, and individual research by collaborators. The Thang Long-Hanoi
Project itself has three themes: historical research froman informatics perspective into the relationship between
Japan and the history of Hanoi, Vietnam; investigationof the preservation of the Thang Long-Hanoi historical
heritage from the perspective of digital archiving; andthe restoration/reproduction of Thang Long-Hanoi as adigital museum. Taking these three themes as the base,the aim of the Thang Long-Hanoi project is to explicate
the history of the urban development of Hanoi by depicting it in geo-temporal space. The Ayutthaya project has
mapped Theravada Buddhist practice with an emphasison temples in Northeast Thailand. Individual projects
include a study of the royal road from Angkor, Cambodia,
to Phi Mai, Northeast Thailand, that applyies RS to fieldsurveys; the digitalization of The Sarawak Gazette; astudy on the transition of socio-ecological environments
in Sarawak, Malaysia, using RS; and a quantitative analysisof the political dynamics of Muslim-Filipino separatism.

Study on Royal Road from Angkor to Phimai, Thailand in the Developmentof Area Informatics Project (Source: Dr. Surat Lertlum, CRMA, Thailand)

Area Informatics Session in the Hoi An International Symposium on Aug. 15, 2009 in Vietnam

7

1

Research Activities
Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research Projects

2 Scientific Research (S)Period: FY2007-2011

Infectious Diseases Spreading AcrossInternational Borders in Southeast Asia:
Elucidation of Area-specific Features Basedon Multifactorial Analysis
Principal Investigator: Nishibuchi MitsuakiImportant infectious diseases that spread across international borders and infect many people have long been
known in Southeast Asia. This indicates that the measures to prevent infections are not functioning in thisarea, and thus it is necessary to grasp the actual situation
as precisely as possible and to elucidate the reasons. Not
only microbiological factors (distribution of the pathogens
in this area) but also many area-specific factors are related to the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases.

Therefore, it is very important to clarify these factors andtheir interaction to help establish the measures against
infectious diseases.
We will carry out the study to clarify the route of
emerging enteric infections that spread across international borders and their chronology in Southeast Asianareas where the infection is prevalent, where pathogens
are distributed, or in related areas. In addition, we will
study the transmission of malaria between Thailand
and Myanmar and between Indonesia and Malaysia thatis mediated by the migration of labor and other people.
Furthermore, we will try to elucidate the important factors that affect the emergence and spread of the above
infectious diseases including natural environments, life
environments, cultural factors, social factors, economic
factors, and political factors; and the influence, emergence and spread of the infectious diseases on people’s
life and society. We will then summarize the unique features of Southeast Asia.
The factors influencing the occurrence and spreadof infectious diseases have been studied from the medical
standpoint and preventive measures have been studied
mainly from a hygienic standpoint. This study emphasizes
other area-specific factors. We are sure that the findingsof our study will be the basis for establishing practical andeffective preventive measures against the infectious diseases that fit each area. We have chosen the internationaltransmission of infectious diseases as the subject of thisstudy. We hope our approach will be an example showing
how we can cope with serious issues on regional coexistence and postnationality in risk management.

Traditional food “Umai” that contains uncooked seafood and may becomesource of seafood-borne infection. A photograph taken during our study trip
to Sarawak in Jun. 2007

8

People coming from Indonesia across the border to Sarawak to sell theirproducts. A photograph taken during our study trip to Sarawak

Collaborative work

3 Scientific Research (A)Period: FY2007-2010

Research on Non-Traditional Security Issues
in East Asia
Principal Investigator: Patricio N. AbinalesT

he aim of this joint research is to create a model ofregional cooperation on “non-traditional security issues”
ranging from transnational crime — weapons smuggling, human trafficking, undocumented migration — toepidemics like the avian flu. These problems are often
accorded less priority than the “arms race” or “global
terrorism” because their impact on communities is lessdirect and often not immediately felt. Yet they can exact
a high cost in human lives and social resources in muchthe way violence associated with “traditional security
issues” does. What distinguishes “nontraditional security issues” is the degree to which their effects transcend
national boundaries. Transnational crimes cut acrossnations and regions, and in the case of human trafficking, for example, are reproduced in all regions of theworld. To understand them, one must focus beyond agiven nation-state and utilize the lens of area studies andthe comparative perspective.
This research project will investigate the following issues: illegal arms smuggling within and beyond
Southeast Asia, particularly the flow of arms between
conflict zones; the movement of avian flu and other epidemics across regions and national responses to the disease, including a comparative study of agricultural andhealth agencies of East Asian states; the legal and illegal

4 Scientific Research (A)Period: FY2007-2010

The Dynamics of Minor Eco-resources Tradein Asia and the Eco-politics of Conserving
Traditional Techniques
Principal Investigator: Yamada Isamu

The purpose of this study is first to focus on the dynamics of minor eco-resources which are now facing difficulty because of overexploitation in many areas in Asia
and, second, to think “eco-politically” about how to conserve traditional cultural techniques remaining in theMarket. Ubud, Bali, Indonesia

At the Thai-Burma border

flow of humans (both migration and trafficking) and thetransformation of out-migrant and destination areas; andcross-border trade and power in Southeast Asia.
While research on transnational crimes has recently
increased to rival studies devoted to “traditional security
issues,” our project’s contribution to this growing field isto promote a multi-disciplinary area studies approach.
This approach, combined with the comparative perspective, will help explain how these crimes spread in the East
Asian region, what actors are involved in their promotion,and how states respond to the spread individually and asparts of collective associations (e.g., ASEAN). The end
result, we hope, will be a model of analysis on transnational crime. Another goal is a database of crime andstate resolution in order to aid in formulating policy. All
findings and analyses will be published in a book.

first nations groups in the region. The areas of researchspread from originating to commercial areas in the wider
region in Asia. Project members consist of ecologists,
anthropologists, and area specialists, and joint researcheswith Asian counterparts are being scheduled in Indonesia,
Malaysia, Thailand, Myanmar, Laos, China, India, Syria,
Bhutan and Oman. The basic important resources to bestudied include Agar wood, several marine products, rare
Chinese medicinal plants, coffee and other rare resources.
Resources in Japan are also being investigated. All themembers are requested to publish one book at the end of
the project.

Mangrove Information Center, Bali, Indonesia

91Research Activities
Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research Projects

5 Scientific Research (A)Period: FY2009-2013

International Networking Project to Copewith Natural Hazards
on the Periphery of Bengal Bay
Principal Investigator: Ando Kazuo

Cyclone Nargis struck far more people in Myanmar
in 2008 than Sidr did in Bangladesh in the year before.
These two countries neighbor each other along the Bengal
Bay, share a monsoon climate under the influence of theHimalayan Mountains and similar geographical features,
namely, large rivers and ocean. These affected areas join
up within a single “meso-global” area. The problem in the
background was the disparity in the experience of both
cyclones. The experience on the Bangladesh side such as
the knowledge of local people who have been coping withcyclones for many years, the practices of ODA and NGOs,
and the results of academic research was not shared with
the Myanmar side. This is has also been the case with
Assam in India. Although floods are recently causing
disasters on an almost yearly basis, the lesson of the “tragedy of Nargis” teaches us that, in order to tackle widely
affecting natural disasters, we have to share the experienceof the local people in the same “meso-global” area.

6 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2006-2009

Mechanism of Land Use Changes
in Mainland Southeast Asia:

Fieldwork-based Remote Sensing Analyses
Principal Investigator: Kono Yasuyuki

E10nvironmental conservation andpoverty mitigation are, in theory, thetwo wheels of rural development.
Environmental conservation programs
1enrich natural resources such as land,
water, and forest, which in turn provide the basis of the livelihood system ofrural populations. Poverty mitigation
programs upgrade the rural economy toprevent short-sighted misuses of natural
resources and promote their sustainable
management. However, in many rural
areas of Mainland Southeast Asia, envi- 2
ronmentalism and poverty mitigation have been contradictory. Many case studies report that rules and regulations implemented for environmental conservation restrict
the customary access of local people to natural resources
and threaten the sustainability of their livelihood systems,
while poverty mitigation programs usually exploit natural
resources to produce food, dairy goods, and commercial
products.
The most severe confrontation can be observed in
the area of land use. Land is a common resource for awide range of activities, including biodiversity conserva-

This scientific research project will commence withfieldwork in five disaster-prone villages that belong to different “meso-local” areas in the same “meso-global” areas,
namely, the periphery of Bengal Bay.
“The tragedy of Nargis” taught us how important it isto network different areas in the same “meso-global” areathat are prone to the same natural disaster. However, it
has been difficult for governments of neighboring countries to share information. Accordingly, a university inJapan will try to facilitate networking within this mesoglobal area. For this purpose, we have to firstly elucidate
the following:1) The experiences of local people and outsiders concerned,
who have been coexisted with natural disasters
2) Wisdom and knowledge produced from these experiences
3) The influence of natural disasters on human health andlivelihoods
4) The occurrence mechanism of natural disasters from anatural science perspective

Through exchanging information on these matters with each other, it is hoped that different areas will
network in a communal sense. This project also aims toshow, as a model, the potential role Japanese academic
researchers can play in cooperating with concerned parties from countries in the meso-global area.

tion, water harvesting, subsistence farming, and many
economic activities. Scarcity of land resources makes
synthesizing environmental conservation and poverty
mitigation more difficult.
This project aims to review longterm changes in land use by reconsidering the mechanism behind the scarcityof land resources and to propose a feasible synthesis of environmental conservation and poverty mitigation. We
focus on village-level land use changes
at selected sites in Vietnam and Laos inorder to identify changes precisely andrelate them to socio-economic events.
Major materials for identifying land
use change are aerial photos, higher
solution satellite images, and gaiho-zu(maps published by the Japanese army
mainly in the 1940s). These images areinterpreted based on information collected through field surveys. We are going to publish a
special issue of Southeast Asian Studies tentatively titled“Mechanisms of land use change in Mainland Southeast
Asia.”
Fig.1: Cambodge: After the achievement of peace keeping in the mid90s, spontaneous migrants spread in to hilly areas of northeastern part ofCambodia for land reclamation, which convert land cover from rich evergreen
forest to upland fields. (Mondulkiri Province, Cambodia, Mar. 2008)
Fig.2: Vietnam: Government agencies in collaboration with the private sector
promote the production of hybrid maize in the Northern Mountain Regionof Vietnam for providing it as livestock feed to domestic and international
markets, resulting in rapid commercialization of traditional paddy-based
livelihood of inter-mountain basins. (Son La Province, Vietnam, Jun. 2007)

Collaborative work

7 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2008-2011

The New Frontier of Local Politics in Southeast
Asia in the Era of Globalization:
The Capital City, the Border and the Energy Crops Area
Principal Investigator: Okamoto Masaaki

After Southeast Asian countries muddled throughthe Asian economic crisis in 1997 they are now transforming their economies, politics and societies through theglobal development and expansion of business and ideological networks. My research
project aims to analyze theimpacts of these networks on
Southeast Asian local politics
and see whether these impacts
have been homogenizing thepatterns and structures of local

politics irrespective of political regime. The main focus
is currently on the local politics of “capital cities,” “energy
crop areas” and “border areas” as these are most vulnerable
to the effects of globalization.
Even though these areas clearly show the interconnected positive and negative impacts of three powers of
the global networks, the state and the local society, there
are few studies that scrutinize the local politics of theseareas.

Oil palm plantation workers
in South Sumatra, 2009

8 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2008-2011

Intellectual Hegemony and Asian Regional
Policies of the United States during
the Cold War:

Development of Asian Studies in Comparative Perspectives
Principal Investigator: Koizumi JunkoR

ecent globalization with the “rise of China” has blurred
the existing boundaries of long accepted areas such as
Southeast Asia and East Asia. In reaction to such moves2

are voices expressing concern that
Southeast Asia as a region as wellas “Southeast Asian Studies” as an
academic field may become lessmeaningful. Informed by suchprocesses of regional reconfiguration of today, this research
project aims to critically reex- 1
amine the development ofarea studies, in particular
Asian Studies, from the perspectiveof both the U.S. and local scholarship traditions in various Asian countries
through both critical reading of major academic works of the era and archival researchin key institutions including funding agencies,
universities, as well as governmental departments. By so doing, it tries to uncover implicit assumptions embodied in the scholarshipdeveloped during the Cold War period and toevaluate the influence of the U.S. scholarshipfrom the local perspectives of various Asian
academic traditions.
Fig.1: Report of the Study for the Ford Foundation on Policy andProgram (1949)
Fig.2: The Ford Foundation building (New York) Source: http://ny.saltious.net/ford/ford.html

11

1

Research Activities
Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research Projects

9 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2009-2011

The Emergence of a Fossil-fuel-based
World Economy and Its Relationships withDeforestation and Environmental Degradation
Principal Investigator: Sugihara Kaoru

S

ince the Industrial Revolution in England, there has
been a steady world-wide increase in the use of fossil fuels,
especially coal and oil. The world economy, connected bysteamships and railways, emerged as a fossil-fuel-based

one, and the share of the “organic economy” in Western
Europe and the United States declined. At the same time,
most parts of Asia and Africa were incorporated into theworld economy as exporters of primary products, theproduction and exportation of which required a heavy
exploitation of land, forests and other natural resources.
In this respect the increased use of fossil fuels in industrial
economies and the deforestation and environmental degradation in primary producers (often in a colonial setting)were the two sides of the same coin. The first aim of thisproject concerns an investigation of this historical linkage.
It examines how each region’s path of economic development has been affected by it.
Meanwhile, there has been a rapid
improvement in the efficient use of commercial energy since the 1960s. Japan andother East Asian countries led the development of energy-saving technology in manufacturing. Thus the second aim of the project is to trace the emergence of this “energy-saving path,” and to place the Japaneseand the East Asian experiences in a global
context. It is hoped that these efforts will
help much needed exchanges between economic history and environmental history
on a global scale.

Graph showing world energy efficiency

10 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2009-2011

The Rise of China and the Transformation ofSoutheast Asia from National, International,
and Transnational Perspectives
Principal Investigator: Caroline S. HauO12ver the past two decades, the rise of China in economic and geopolitical terms has reinvented China as a global“superpower,” a key member ofthe East Asia Community, and a“friend” and potential strategic
partner of Southeast Asian states.
This research project examines the impact of China’s risefrom the perspectives of Eastand Southeast Asian states andsocieties at three levels: national,
international and transnational.
On the national level, we
look at how the increasing presence of China has modified
Southeast Asian state policies
and (re)shaped societal attitudes
toward China and the ethnic
Chinese minority within theirown borders. On the interna-

tional level, the geopolitical and economic importance ofChina has reconfigured inter-state relations in ways thatcall for rethinking both the realist paradigm of “balance ofpower” as well as liberalist language of “interdependence.”
On the transnational level, we track the specific densities
and pathways of interflows of capital, people, goods, andideas between China and Southeast Asia, and explore howthese flows contribute to the making of East Asia as an“open region.”

Dragon Descendants’ Museum, Suphan Buri, Thailand

Collaborative work

11 Scientific Research (C)T

Period: FY2009-2011

his project looks at migrant laborers, especially the
Karen speakers in the Thai-Burma border areas. It clarifies the extremely complex patterns of mobility among
the population, and how they cope with the mobile life
through social networks and cultural practices.

Life Practices among Mobile Population in theThai-Burma Borderlands:
Social Network and Cultural Reproduction among Minorities
Principal Investigator: Hayami Yoko

1

Daily migrants crossing the Moey River into Thailand

12 Scientific Research (C)Period: FY2009-2011

Transformation of Bangladesh Villages during
the Last 15 Years
Principal Investigator: Fujita KoichiW

hen Bangladesh achieved independence in 1971
it was a densely populated and a subsistence-oriented
agrarian economy with extreme mass poverty. However,
the agricultural sector experienced rapid growth anddevelopment during the 1980s (Green Revolution) whichraised rural income and created thebasis for further development after
the 1990s. During the last 15-20 years
the Bangladesh economy continued
to develop rapidly led by urban nonagricultural sectors’ growth and finally escaped from the low-level equilibrium trap of earlier decades. The
most important factor that changed
the rural economy in Bangladesh was
the development of non-agricultural
sectors in rural areas. Especially interms of occupational structure, mostof the Bangladesh villages have experienced a drastic change in the major
occupation of villagers from agriculture to non-agriculture.
This present study will clarify
how Bangladesh villages changed
during the last 15 years or so in amore concrete manner, by conducting a re-survey of some villages (inTangail and Bogra) which were sur-2

Mae La refugee camp near Mae Sot

veyed intensively during 1992-93 by the same researcher.
The major focus is the change in the villages occupational
structure and its impact on their economic status andincome distribution. The major research interests are
two-fold; one is the income distribution structure of villages and another is the conditions of the poor.
Non-agricultural jobs developed in rural areas
include a variety such as small businesses and shopkeepers, salaried jobs in governmental and private offices,bus drivers and conductors, mechanics in vehicle workshops and for agricultural machineries, rickshaw/vanpullers, construction workers, peddlers, and so on. The key questionis who is engaged in what kind of
non-agricultural job and with whatkind of different remuneration.
With the move from agricultural(or agricultural hired labor) to nonagricultural jobs, did the traditional
income disparity structure in villages narrow, or remain the same, orwere they even strengthened? And
in the course of such changes, how
did the economic conditions change
for the poor; could they escape fromabsolute poverty? And if not, who
remains in the position of absolute
poverty and why? We will try toanswer these questions through thisthree-year research project.
At a Bangladesh village in 1993.
Now, is the baby a high school or
University student?

13

1Research Activities
Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research Projects

13 Scientific Research (C)Period: FY2009-2011

Expansion of Drought-tolerant Invader Tree and
Its Impact on Rural Water Use / Economics
Principal Investigator: Sato TakahiroProsopis juliflora originated in Central America. This
tree is characterized by its drought-tolerance, strong regeneration ability and its allelopathic effect on neighboring
plants. Tamil Nadu state government in India introduced
this tree in 1961 as charcoal material, for mitigating thepoverty in the semi-arid rural area. Land cover of thistree rapidly expanded during the last two decades, especially in places suffering from agricultural water deficits.
Many farmers believe that the water shortage is caused bythis tree, however, the current livelihoods of these people
are highly dependent on this tree. Land owners receive
a considerable amount of money without any input cost,and agricultural laborers have a chance to do tree cutting
during the dry season. By analyzing the role of this tree in
people's rural livelihoods, this study aims to re-consider

14 Scientific Research (C)Period: FY2009-2011

Risk Factors of Depression among Communitydwelling Older People and the Effects of GroupWork Intervention on Depression
Principal Investigator: Wada Taizo

D

epressive illness is a major threat not only for themental health and well-being of older people but also forany caregiver concerned. This is also projected to be thesecond leading cause of disability world wide in 2020.
(Murray and López, 1997)
To clarify the risk factors of depression among
Japanese older people, a cohort study has been carriedout in T-town in Kochi since 2004 and in a nursing homein Kyoto since 2001 (N=1400 and N=200, respectively).
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) was used for screening depression in older people and its sensitivity andspecificity were 40.0% and 89.5% for GDS-15 (cutpoint
9/10), and 70.0% and 87.7% for GDS-15 (cutpoint 8/9)
respectively in those settings.
In a previous Kaken study, some risk factors of

Most of the dark area is covered by Prosopis trees (Google, 2009)

the relationship between the environment and humanactivities, in the context of sustainable development.
depression were also clarified. Using univariate logistic
regression analysis in two-year follow up, odds ratioof new depression was 1.98 for dependents of basic
Activities of Daily Living (ADL) 2.15 for dependent ofTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology index ofcompetence (TMIG-IC), 1.96 for dependent of intellectual activity, 1.85 for social role and 2.08 for hearing lossof base line. (p<0.05) Those effects also reached a significant level even after adjustment of age and sex. However,marital status, living alone, smoking, drinking habits anda history of heart disease, cancer, stroke were not a significant risk factor of depression in this population. The“Social role” of TMIG-IC is concerned with the communication ability so that this could be one of the targets of
prevention of depression.
To introduce group work in those older people, suchas Kaiso-ho or exercise in a small group, might have a
preventive effect on depression. This study aimed toclarify the effect of group work on depression as well as
describing the risk factors of depression among Japaneseolder people.

Depression is associated with functional
decline. The lady was assessed by Kohs’
block design test. This performance test
is standardized to measure non-verbal
intelligence.

14

Collaborative work

15 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2008-2010

Remigration of Chinese Indonesians
and China, Hong Kong and Taiwan
Principal Investigator: Kitamura YumiT

his research project is aiming to reexamine the remigration flow of Chinese Indonesians to China, Hong Kong
and Taiwan after the 1950s. Remigration of ChineseIndonesians not merely reflects the political and social
situation of that time but provides important links to thecurrent connection between China and Southeast Asia.
By reconstructing the process of remigration and networkbuilding of Chinese Indonesians from Bangka Belitungand other areas, I am hoping to illustrate how the nation,system, and human interact with one another and contribute toward the new understanding or China-Southeast
Asian relationship.

16 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2008-2009

Local Social Organizations and Community
Initiatives to Cope with HIV/AIDS Risks
in the Horn of Africa
Principal Investigator: Nishi Makoto

Fish Crackers being made on the the Chinese Villageof Gedung on Bangka IslandIn many African societies, where the state plays only
a limited role in organizing public life, the activities ofcommunity-based organizations (CBOs) constitute animportant aspect of people’s livelihoods. CBOs reallocate
resources, such as money and labor. The activities of
CBOs also provide a means for various groups to define and express theircollective identities. The objective of
this study is to examine the activities
of such CBOs to explain how peoples
in the Horn of Africa interpret social
risks such as poverty and conflict andhow they avoid crisis through theirown channels of communication.

Scenery in a Gurage village

17 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2009-2012

The Comprehensive Study of Rebirth andTransformation of Cambodian Buddhism
Principal Investigator: Kobayashi Satoru

This current project aims to illustrate the historicalexperience of Cambodian Buddhism from a comprehensive perspective. It carries out quantitative researchof Buddhist temple-communities and Sangha in several
provinces with a special focus on both the migration ofmonks and the flow of objects/money. Analyzing theresult by paying attention to changing socio-economic circumstances and the effect of state rule in rural Cambodia,
I am presently exploring the varied tradition of Buddhist
practice in each locality in the country as well as allowing

The local Thai-Khmer man shows thepreserved bailan (palm-leaf-text) in
Khmer character in Sisaket, Thailand.

an analysis of the comprehensive reality of the rebirth ofCambodian Buddhism after the Pol Pot era.
15

1Research Activities
Grant-in-Aid of Scientific Research Projects

18 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2009-2011

African Nomadic Pastoralists in a Global Age:A Study on the Livelihood Strategy and Potential
for Future Development
Principal Investigator: Sun XiaogangAfrican nomadic pastoralists have experienced dramatic
natural and socio-economic changes in the 20th century. Frequent
droughts, animal diseases, the lossof natural resources, human population growth, ethnic conflicts,
political interference from bothcolonial and new independent
governments, international andnational development projects, andan encroaching market economy

have all had a heavy impact on the circumstances of pastoralists.
This research focuses on the dynamics of continuity
and change in livelihood strategies among various pastoral societies over the past half century. By combining
fieldwork with comparative study techniques, I examineand highlight pastoralists’ potential for future sustainable
development.

Living with camels

19 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2009-2011

Dynamism of Civil Society between
Secularism and Islamism:

A Comparative Study of Disaster Reconstruction
Process of Two Turkish Provincial Cities
Principal Investigator: Kimura ShuheiThe tension between theState, Islam, and civil society
has always been a major concern
for the whole nation of Turkey.
However, most existing studies on this tripartite relationship have only paid attention to
the movements in large cities
such as Istanbul and Ankara.
In contrast to them, this project entitled “Dynamism of Civil
Society between Secularism andIslamism,” focuses on two provincial cities in Anatolia. Eachof them has about 100 thousand
residents and has gone throughsevere natural disaster in the
1990s. The reason for discussing the reconstruction process
after the earthquake of Gölcük
and Erzincan is that it is wellknown that natural disasters

16

triggered the emergence of civil society in Turkey. This
project aims to understand the transition of influenceof secularism and Islamism on civil society in modern
Turkey, through tracing how local people and civil society
organizations got involved in that process.
In this three-year project (FY2009-FY2011) I plan
to conduct research on three topics: a) social movements
triggered by natural disaster; b) the relationship betweensocial networks and religious
practices; c) the transformation of local disaster policy. In
2009 I stayed for four weeks
in Turkey from July to August,and conducted field researchin both cities. In Gölcük I
interviewed the members of
local NGOs, and attended thememorial ceremony of theMarmara Earthquake held in
the city. In Erzincan, I interviewed local officers and staffof Kızılay, and did a literary
survey.

The monument to the 1992 Erzincan
Earthquake

Collaborative work

20 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2009-2010

A new Study of the Early-Modern Vietnam
through the Tonkin-factory Document of the
English East India Company
Principal Investigator: Hasuda TakashiThe purpose of this program is to examine the political
history of the 17th century Vietnam thorough an analysisof the Tonkin-factory document of the English East India
Company (EIC) located at the British Library. All of therecords are open to the public. For two reasons, I don’t
use “17th century Vietnam” but “Early-Modern Vietnam”.
(1) The political framework and political structure of the
18th century Vietnamese are basically defined by thoseof the 17th century; (2) The framework of this study gives
weight to contemporaneousness with other polities such as
Tokugawa Shogunate, Qing dynasty or the late Ayutthaya
which existed or were established in the same period. The
political history of Vietnam also should be given a place inthis intra-regional context.
However new historical source materials have beenfound in recent years, almost of them local sources. It isvery difficult to reconstruct details of political struggles
and establishing process of order in place of local sources

21 Scientific Research (B)Period: FY2009-2010

Development and Application of Quantitative
Analysis for Seafood Inspection Contaminatedby Vibrio Parahaemolyticus Virulent Strains
Principal Investigator: Nakaguchi Yoshitsugu

Diarrhea infections arestill an important issue inSoutheast Asian countries.
Diarrhea is caused by foodconsumption and drinking
water. Recently for health, seafood has become very popular all over the world. Seafood

such as donationi n s c r ipt ion s ,howe ve r we
can understandthe order itself orappearance of
new figures. The
Western source
materials have
The entrance to The British Library, London, Englanda weak point incomparision with Han-Nom sources because names andproper nouns in the Western sources are recorded by thevernacular. However they sometimes include precious
information that is able to fill in gaps. It means that a heuristic comparision between two kinds of sources finallycomes true only after they are based on the particular
context of Han-Nom source material and Vietnamese
itself. Our study is ambitious in a sense of renovation, how
to combine source materials which have peculiar nature,and context each other.
For these reasons, our program limits two issues as thefirst step: (A) Reconstructing details and identifying main
figures in the political struggles such as succession race;(B) Examining the details of eunuch’s roles in the politicalscene.

safety has been exported from Southeast Asian countries toother countries and has become a very important issue now.
In this project, through a microbiological study of food risk
assessment, I am establishing a real-time and quantitative
detection method of the virulent strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus that contaminate seafood. Through this method, I
hope to show how we can know
the level of contamination bypathogens in seafood and how
we can improve food safety inSoutheast Asian countries.
The seafood consumed in seafood restaurant of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Needs Based Area Studies Promotion Project for the World
Period: FY2009-2011

Study on “Social Software” for Development andEnvironment Preservation in Peripheral South Asia:
Trying to Find Clues through Stakeholder Participation
Principal Investigator: Ando Kazuo

T

his action-oriented study aims at suggesting a social
software model that is useful for Japan’s development
cooperation in South Asia. As in other countries,

Bangladesh and Nepal are facing problems related to a
trade-off between development and environmental preservation. To find clues to mitigate the trade-off, we will workwith development practitioners such as local NGOs in thetwo countries so that we can analyze, compile, and mutually the social needs and knowledge based on practicalexperience of local people and local NGOs.
The findings of the case studies will be shared atsocial software building workshops in Bangladesh and
Nepal, and will be presented at seminars in Japan.
17

1 Core University Program
Research Activities

In 1986,

the JSPS-NRCT Core University
Program was launched. Since thebeginning, CSEAS of Kyoto University and Thammasat
University in Thailand have been its core institutions.
When the first phase of the program ended in 1998,
the program had successfully invited scholars not only
from Thailand but also from Malaysia, Indonesia, thePhilippines and other countries in order to promote
Southeast Asian studies by Southeast Asian scholars. In
1999, the second phase started under the main theme“Region Making in East Asia,” applying interdisciplinary
approaches to understand political, cultural and economic topics in East Asia. The role of market and government,
regional cooperation, and the emergence of the middle
classes were discussed from the outset, and towards theend the focus moved to entrepreneurship, family, cultural
flows and historical perspectives on the Asian interna-

tional economic order. This program and its nine projects were completed in Mar. 2009, and we are now working on final publications as the outcome of the projects.

Completed joint research projects
Joint Research Projects
Theme

PeriodProject 1

Structural Change of Hegemony: Comparative History on Networks

FY1999-2001

Project 2

Structure of Intellectual Hegemony: Technocracy

FY1999-2001

Project 3

State, Market and Society: Logic of Regional Integration and Asian Economy

FY2000-2003

Project 4

Rise of Middle Class: Political, Economic, Social and Cultural Implications

FY2002-2004

Project 5

Dynamism of Social Flows in Southeast Asia

FY2002-2004

Project 6Market and Economic Partnership

FY2004-2006

Project 7

Entrepreneurship in East Asia

FY2005-2008

Project 8

The Changing “Family”

FY2005-2008

Project 9

The Asian International Economic Order: Past, Present and Future

FY2006-2008

Outcome of the projects
Edited Books in Print

18

Editors

Title

Year

Shiraishi Takashi
Patricio N. Abinales

After the Crisis: Hegemony, Technocracy and Governance in Southeast Asia
Kyoto University Press and Trans-Pacific Press

2005

Shiraishi Takashi
Pasuk Phongpaichit

The Rise of Middle Classes in Southeast Asia
Kyoto University Press and Trans-Pacific Press2008

Abe Shigeyuki
Bhanupong Nidhiprapha

East Asian Economies and New Regionalism
Kyoto University Press and Trans-Pacific Press

2008

Mizuno Kosuke
Pasuk Phongpaichit

Populism in Asia
Kyoto University Press and National University of Singapore Press

2009Collaborative work

Asian Core Program“Asian Connections: Southeast Asian Model for
Co-Existence in the 21st Century”
A new program has been launched under the JSPS
Asian Core Research and Education Program starting FY2009 to 2013. In this program, CSEAS is working withthree other core institutions: Thammasat University in
Thailand, Political Studies Center of LIPI in Indonesia,
and CAPAS, Academia Sinica of Taiwan.
In this program, we aim to:a) form academic networks matching the present widening institutional bases for Southeast Asian Studies
throughout the region;b) seek mutual cooperation in training and education tofoster the next generation of scholars through educational and research exchange in the wider Asian region

by sending and receiving graduate students as well as
post-doctoral researchers and to ensure strengtheningof academic networks among the future generation ofscholars, and;c) establish a basis for shared information and publication.
The five-year period will be divided in two phases:
first three years and the latter three years with one year
overlapping in the middle. The following projects will be
carried out in the first phase (FY 2009-2011).
Project 1 The Seven Seas and Regional Reconfiguration:
From History of Coexistence to Present Day
Issues
Project 2 Transnationalism: Past Present and Future
Project 3 Facing the Economic Crisis and Re-thinking
the East Asian Growth Model

An Alternative Rural Development Modelon the Basis of Rural History and Culture
Period: FY2009-2011

Toyota Foundation
Asian Neighbors Network Program:

Action for Mutual Learning on the Significance ofRural Culture Through Networking of People in
Asian Developing Countries and Japan
Principal Investigator: Ando Kazuo

I

n developing countries in Asia, modernization has
neglected the experience and knowledge that have beenobtained in rural communities through multiple generations, and since the 1960s rural development has

placed primary importance on economic development.
Consequently, rural societies have changed rapidly. It has
been observed that the community function has gradually become weak. This project aims to tackle this difficult problem caused by globalization and modernization
through reliable international networking involving people
in the rural communities, NGOs, NPOs, local governments, and universities in Laos and Japan. The projectwill in particular highlight the rural culture of Laos, anda rural cultural museum program will be supported byproject participants from Laos and Japan, who will mutually learn about and support each other’s rural cultures
within the broader perspective of Asia and the experienceof rural development provided through the active participation of rural people inJapan. As an output, the project will propose an “alternative Asian rural development
model” to encourage people
to live in their rural communities with spiritual support
gained by re-evaluating, recreating and re-establishingrural culture (quoted fromToyota Foundation HP for
Asian Neighbors Network
Program).

Meeting with villagers under trees in
Rural Laos

19

1

Research Activities

Research network

Japan Consortium for Area Studies (JCAS)
With the purpose of sharing ideas and knowledge among scholars of area studies and area study
organizations, CSEAS established Japan Consortium
for Area Studies (JCAS) in Apr. 2004, in collaboration
with the former Japan Center for Area Studies of the
National Museum of Ethnology, the Research Institutefor Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa of Tokyo
University of Foreign Studies, and the Slavic ResearchCenter of Hokkaido University. Since the Japan Center
for Area Studies was transferred to Kyoto University, andKyoto University has established the Center for Integrated
Area Studies, the new center serves the secretariat of
JCAS. CSEAS, as a leading area studies organization in
Japan, has been playing a key role in the management anddevelopment of JCAS since its establishment. JCAS isan effective and useful channel for the staff of CSEAS to
expand their research fields to other regions and to introduce new approaches.
JCAS aims at promoting trans-regional area studies, the development of a trans-organizational education

system, the promotion of collaborative work with government agencies and NGOs,
and the dissemination ofacademic achievements of areastudies in society. JCAS organizes annual
meetings, symposia, next-generation workshops, vernacular language workshops, and seminars. The topics
of annual symposia were “Academic Societies and Area
Studies” (2004), “Educating Area Studies” (2005), “Historyof Area Studies in Japan” (2006), “Area Analysis andTechnical Transfer” (2008), “Area Studies and Practice”(2008), and “Internationalization of Area Studies” (2009).
Research groups on area-informatics and information
sharing are also organized under JCAS and members areactively exchanging their research outcomes. Member
organizations have gradually increased, reaching 87 asof Sep. 28, 2009. These now include research institutes,
graduate schools, large-scale research projects, academic
societies, and NGOs.

Kyoto Sustainability Initiative (KSI)
KSI, Kyoto Sustainability Initiative, is a
new program for research and education in
Kyoto University. It is a part of IR3S (Integrated
Research for Sustainability Science), a four-year
program started in 2006, which consists of fourother national universities: Tokyo, Osaka, Hokkaido, andIbaraki universities.
Sustainability science is a comprehensive scholarshipwhich covers topics dealing with sustainability of global,
social, human systems, with the ultimate purpose ofallowing these systems to keep on existing and developing.

CSEAS, as a part of KSI, have been contributing to the development of KSI through theutilization of overseas branch offices, with theresults of integrated area studies and human networks as a base.
More specifically, CSEAS and its members have been
contributing to the planning and strategy board, presentations of research works during lunch seminars, international symposia held in Thailand, China and Japan, andthe delivering of remote lectures to several overseas universities.

Institue of Sustainability Science (ISS)20

In collaboration with local people, local government and NPO at Moriyama, Kutsuki and Kameoka
Field Stations, we are trying to build up the sustainable
livelihood of local communities by applying the methodology of “Practice-oriented Area Study.” In Moriyama
Field Station, the significance of eating indigenous fishes
in Lake Biwa is reconsidered through the making oftraditional fermented fish called “Narezushi” under theguidance of local fisherman. In Kutsuki Field Station, weare trying not only to reconstruct a traditional lifestylesuch as intentional burning for making thatching, plantor swidden cultivation but also to develop modern technology such as solar energy generation integrating the
traditional and modern. In Kameoka Field Station, we aretrying to reconstruct the association of human, mountain,
river and town throughthe revival project of riverraf ting which was themain transportation informer days to carry timber from the Tanba mountain range to Kyoto. Our
activity is also performed
with local people in Asianc ou nt r ie s for mut u a lenlightenment.
Making the rafting in Hozu riverSeminars and symposia

International Symposia
The Center was involved in three joint international
symposia for 2009.
On Jan. 17, 2009, the Kyoto University Southeast
Asian Forum (KU-SEA Forum) sponsored a one-day conference on the “Global Crisis in Food and Energy” withJapan and Thailand as comparative cases.
Then on Jan. 23, the KU-SEA Forum also co-sponsored with the Kyoto University Alumni AssociationIndonesia and the Bogor Agricultural University a conference in Bogor, Indonesia on the issue of “Water Cycle
Management in Indonesia.”
Finally, CSEAS staff members and other Japanesescholars specializing on Southeast Asia presented papers
at the First Korean Association for Southeast AsianStudies-Center for Southeast Asian Studies joint international symposium on the theme “Interdependency of
Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia: Migration, Investments
and Cultural Flows” in Jeonju, South Korea. The symposium was held at Gyeongsang National University from
Jun. 18-20.
In 2008, the Center also had a productive year inregards to international conferences and workshops.
With the generous support of the Global COE Program,the Center was able to organize one seminar and two joint
international workshops.
On Jun. 19, 2008, the Center sponsored a seminarfor young scholars and researchers on getting publishedin the English World on Jun. 19, 2008. Professor Mark
Selden of State University of Binghamton and Cornell
University was invited to speak on the future of publishing in the Asia-Pacific. This was followed by a joint
international workshop on “Chinese Identities and InterEthnic Coexistence and Cooperation in Southeast Asia,”
on Jul. 4-5, 2008, involving scholars from the Center and
ASAFAS, as well as from Indonesia and the Netherlands.
Finally from Sep. 16-17, the Center co-sponsoredan international workshop on “Islam for Social Justiceand Sustainability: New Perspectives on Islamism andPluralism in Indonesia” with the Center for Islamic
Area Studies (Kyoto University) and the Center for
Asia-Pacific Area Studies, Academica Sinica of Taiwan.
Apart from faculty and researchers from these sponsoring institutions, scholars and public intellectuals fromother Japanese academic institutions, Indonesia, and thePhilippines presented papers and participated in the discussions.

In-house Seminars
In-house seminars are initiated by CSEAS researchers to study and discuss research topics which are in theirpreliminary stages. They are undertaken with support
from CSEAS funds. After a series of discussions, seminar members then turn these into a concrete advanced
research project for which they will attempt to obtain

external funding (like the Grant-in-Aid of Scientific
Research Project). Around ten in-house seminars arebeing organized every year and each holds a few meetingsa year. We are organizing the following in-house seminars in FY 2008-2009.
Theme

Theme

Organizer

FY2009Organizer

FY2008
State, Market and Community

Mizuno Kosuke

Politics, Economics and History of Asia

Sugihara Kaoru

Politics, Economics and History of Asia

Sugihara Kaoru

Seminar Series on Tropical Medicine andHygiene by the Kinki District Study Group

Nishibuchi Mitsuaki

Seminar Series on Tropical Medicine andHygiene by the Kinki District Study Group

Nishibuchi Mitsuaki

Regional Characteristicsof Rural Development

Ando Kazuo

Regional Characteristicsof Rural Development

Ando Kazuo

Southeast Asian History: Source Materials
and Methodology

Koizumi Junko

Southeast Asia in Comparative Perspective

Okamoto Masaaki

Let’s Watch Movies Together

Kitamura Yumi

Special Interest Group for Area Studies
Resource Sharing

Kitamura Yumi

New Voices from Area Studies

Kobayashi Satoru

Let’s Watch Movies Together

Kitamura Yumi

Nature Non-Nature Interaction

Ishikawa Noboru

Mainland Southeast Asia in a New Era

Kobayashi Satoru

People Moving Across Southesat Asian
Frontiers

Hayami Yoko

New Voices from Area Studies

Kobayashi Satoru

Anthropological Approach to the Obduracyof the Cities in Southeast Asia

Kimura Shuhei

Chinese Identities and Inter-Ethnic Coexistence
and Cooperation in Southeast Asia

Calorine S. Hau

Research of Subsistence in Marginal Areas

Watanabe Kazuo

Mountainous Area in Mainland Southeast
Asia (MTSEA)

Kono Yasuyuki

211

Research Activities

Colloquia
Date

Topic

Presenter

Oct. 26

Gangsters, Guerrillas and Gays : Democratization and the New Filipino “Indie Film”
Film Title: “Ang Pagdadalaga ni Maximo Oliveros (The Blosoming of Maximo Oliveros)”

Nicanor Tiongson(CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Sep. 25

Information Rich or Poor? : Rethinking the Role of Our Library in the Digital Era

Kitamura Yumi
(CSEAS Chief Librarian)Jul. 6After Poppy Cultivation: Survival, Challenges and Potentials for Improvement of Livelihoodin Ko Kang Region of NSS

Oo Marlar(CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Jun. 25

Who Are Tai and Why?

Ronard D. Renard(CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Jan. 22, 2009

Cochinchinese Coin casting and circulating in 18th century Southeast Asia

Li Tana(CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Nov. 27

Eunuchs in 17th Century Vietnam

Hasuda Takashi(CSEAS Junior Research Fellow)

Oct. 23

Globalization of Ayurveda: Correlation of Practices and Theories in Contemporary India,
U.S. and Japan

Kasezawa Masato(Researcher of Scientific Research, CSEAS)

Sep. 24

Alcohol, Expression of the Divine

Ang Choulean(CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Jul. 7

Regional Integration the East Asian Way: Some Preliminary Considerations

Paul Close(CSEAS Visiting Researcher)Jun. 26

Between Frontiers: Nation and Identity in a Southeast Asian Borderland

Ishikawa Noboru(Associate Professor, CSEAS)

May 26

Area Studies in a Global Age: A Perspective from Southeast Asia

Goh Beng Lan(CSEAS Visiting Researcher)

Apr. 24

Vietnamese Guns and China, c.1550s-1680s

Sun Laichen(CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

FY2009FY2008Special Seminars
Date

Title

SpeakerImperial Alchemy: Nationalism and Asia

Anthony Reid (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Hierarhy of Posts and Titles and Rulling Strata in 15th-18th
Centuries Vietnam: Quantative Analysys Experiment

Antoshchenko (Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow University)
Hasuda Takashi (CSEAS Junior Research Fellow)

Impressionistic Features of Khai Hung’s Short Stories (In Vietnamesewith Japanese translation)

Eva Antoshchenko Muckova (Institute of Asian and African studies,
Moscow University)

Jul. 22

Contemporary Indonesia’s Political Situation

Vedi R. Hadis (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Jul. 9Management of the Indonesian Peat Lands: It Needs to Be
Imporved

Supiandi Sabiham (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Jun. 26

Raising Voices, Claiming Space: Migrant Women’s Labor Activism
in Bangkok

Mary Beth Mills (Colby College, U.S.)

FY2009Oct. 22

Jul. 25

22

Seminars and symposia

Date

Title

SpeakerRoundtable on the State of Democracy in Southeast Asia
Discussants:
Southeast Asian Perspectives

Vedi Hadiz (National University of Singapore and author of Localising Powerin Indonesia: A Southeast Asia Perspective, forthcoming, Stanford University Press,
2009)

ThailandUkrist Pathmanand (Chulalongkorn University, co-author of the book The
Thaksinization of Thailand, with Duncan McCargo)

Indonesia

Honna Jun (Ritsumeikan University and author of Military Politics and
Democratization in Indonesia)
Okamoto Masaaki (CSEAS and author of An Unholy Alliance: Political Thugs
and Political Islam Work Together, “Inside Indonesia 93,” Aug.-Oct. 2008)

Malaysia

Toh Kin Woon (Senior API Fellow, former leader, Parti Gerakan Rakyat
Malaysia - the Malaysian People’s Movement Party, and former Senator,
Malaysian Upper Chamber of Parliament, member of the Penang State
Legislative Assembly)

The Philippines

Patricio N. Abinales (CSEAS, author of History and Orthodoxy in the Muslim
Filipino Narrative, 1898-2000, Ateneo Press, forthcoming)Thaksin’s Legacy: Thaksinomics and Its Impacts on Thailand’s
National Innovation System and Industrial Upgrading

Patarapong Intarakumnerd (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)
Coordinator: Sugihara Kaoru(CSEAS)

The Distribution of Political Rights in the Legislatures and its’
Impact on Social Justice

Kin Woon Toh (API Fellow)
Coordinator: Okamoto Masaaki (CSEAS)

The Backbone of Japan in A Time of Epochal Crisis: Reading theProspects for Nation-Democracy Symbiosis through Education,
Agriculture, Industry, and Environment.

Mochtar Pabotinggi (LIPI; Japan Foundation Fellow)

Community Theatre in Asia: Empowering Young People to Bring
About Change

Tan Sooi Beng (API Fellow)

Whither Labour and the Labour Movement in Malaysia?

Francis Loh Kok Wah (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Human Insecurity : A Reconsideration on Thai Women Trafficking
in Japan

Ukrist Pathmanand (API Fellow)

Sustainable Rural Development Initiative for Natural Resource
Management: Role of Agroforestry in the Resource Poor TropicalEnvironments of West Java, Indonesia

Oekan. S. Abdoellah (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Jan. 29, 2009

A Long Row to Hoe: ASEAS Cooperation on Counter-Terrorism

Tatik Saadati Hafidz (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Dec. 24

Chinese-Indonesians in Post Soeharto Era: Looking for a “Place” or aThung Ju Lan (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)“Voice” in Politics?

Dec. 16

Free in the Forest: Popular Neoliberalism and the Aftermath of War
in the U.S. Pacific Northwest

Anna Tsing (University of California, Santa Cruz)

Oct. 10

Towards an East Asian Community(with thanks to Charles Darwin and Karl Marx)Paul Close (CSEAS Visiting Researcher)

Apr. 23

Apr. 21

Apr. 13

Apr. 3

FY2008Jul. 17

Related Beings: Rice and Human

Ang Choulean (CSEAS Visiting Research Fellow)

Jul. 10The Grameen Bank and the Bank Rakayat Indonesia: Sharing ofExperiences between the Two Microfinance GiantsTazul Islam (CSEAS Vising Research Fellow)

Jun. 18

Land Use Change in North-Central Montane Vietnam: Using
Landsat TM Chronosequences to Classify and Characterized Land
Use Change

Stephen J. Leisz (CSEAS Vising Research Fellow)

23

2

Social Contributions

CSEAS

faculty members have poured agreat deal of energy into becoming an indispensable link between Japan and Southeast
Asia and making intellectual contributions to Southeast
Asia and Japanese society. Staff have given lectures andacademic advice to graduate and undergraduate students
at Southeast Asian universities. They have also given
intellectual and policy advice and suggestions to academic
and government institutions both in Japan and Southeast
Asian countries and have started action research projects
in collaboration with NGOs located in the region. CSEAS

places great emphasis on returning research results backto Japanese civil society and has received fruitful feedback
from civil society for further creative research activities
in Southeast Asia and beyond. In order to improve themutually beneficial relationship between both CSEAS andcivil society, we have built up various kinds of intellectual
exchanges with universities and central and local governments and NGOs in Japan. The following list provides asnapshot of our most recent intellectual contributions inJapan, Southeast Asia, and beyond.

1 Lectures for the General Public
and International Students
Sugihara Kaoru“Japanese Economic Development in Comparative
Asian Perspective,” Special Seminar for Asian
Youth Fellowship grantees visiting Japan, The JapanFoundation Japanese-Language Institute, Kansai, Dec.
2, 2008.
● “Why Humankind Has Survived: A New Question
from Global History,” the Fourth Symposium of Kyoto
Univ. Research Centers and Institutes, on “Uniquenessof Relatedness among Different Disciplines: Making a
Bright Future,” Meitetsu Hall, Mar. 14, 2009
● “The European Miracle in Modern Global History:
A View from East Asia,” Conference on Writing theHistory of the Global: Challenges for the 21st Century,
British Academy, London, May 22, 2009.

Keynote Address at the 7th International Conference
on Molluscan Shellfish Safety, Nantes, France, Jun. 16,
2009.

●

Matsubayashi Kozo

“Water and Life in Asia,” Special Lecture at “Water
Seminar,” 150th anniversary of Japan-France relationship, Nov. 26, 2008.
● “Development of ‘Field Medicine’ from Kahoku-machi
to Asia,” Special Lecture on The 51st Symposium ofJapanese Geriatrics Society, Jun. 19, 2009.
● “From Mountaineering and Expedition to Field
Medicine,” Special Lecture on Academic Film Expo
2009, Kyoto University Museum, Sep. 13, 2009.
●

Hayami Yoko●

Organizing & moderating public lectures on “Thailand
in the 21st Century: Thailand from the Past to the
Future in the Eyes of Long-term Watchers,” CSEAS &Royal Thai Consulate in Osaka, at Apr. 24, 2009.

Nishibuchi Mitsuaki“Importance of international collaborative studies
for foodborne and waterborne enteric infections in‘Glocal’ Asia,” Invited Lecture at the 13th International
Conference on “Emerging Infectious Diseases of the
Pacific Rim: Focus on Enteric Diseases,” Calcutta, India,
Apr. 4, 2009.
● “Recent Trend in Infections by Vibrio parahaemolyticus
and Distribution of This Bacterium in Shellfish in Asia,”●

24

Kono Yasuyuki“Application of Geo-informatics to Area Studies,” Special
lecture series at Graduate School, Collage of Resources
and Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing,
Jun. 23 to 27, 2008, and Jun. 8 to 12, 2009.
● Organizing & Moderating Public Lectures on“Global Crisis in Food and Energy: Thailand- Japan
Perspectives,” 3rd Kyoto University Southeast Asian
Forum, Imperial Queens Park Hotel, Bangkok, Jan. 17,2009.
● Orga n i zi ng publ ic le c t u res on “ Water Cycle
Management in Indonesia,” Bogor Agricultural
University, Bogor, Jan. 23-24, 2009.
●

Okamoto Masaaki●“New Horizon of Local Governance in Southeast
Asia: Thailand and Indonesia,” JETRO-IDE Summer
Seminar Jul. 23, 2009.

Comments on Current Issues in
2 Newspapers, Journals andto the MediaSugihara Kaoru●“Why Humankind Has Survived: A New Question from
Global History,” Yomiuri Shinbun, Apr. 4, 2009.

Nishibuchi Mitsuaki●“Distribution of Non-toxin-producing O157 in Asia: Oneof the Reasons for Low Incidence of Food Poisoning
Cases,” Yomiuri Shimbun, Dec. 29, 2008.

3 Committee Members and Advisers

4 Other Activities andShibayama Mamoru

Matsubayashi Kozo●●

for Public Entities and NGOs

Member of the committee on Global COE Program, JSPS.
● Member of the Science Council of Japan.
Sugihara Kaoru

Member of the Science Council of Japan.
Member of the editorial advisory board, Journal of
Global History (Cambridge University Press).
● Board Member of the International Association of
Economic History.
● Member of selection committee, Nikkei Cultural Award
for Books on Economy.
●●

Shimizu Hiromu

Member of the Advisory Group, Inter-Asia Cultural
Studies (Routledge).
● Vice chairman, the selection committee of academic
prize, Fukuoka Asian Culture Prize.
● Member of selection committee, The Iue Asia PacificResearch Scholarship Prize.
● Member of selection committee, Mizuho International
Scholarship for Studying at Asian Universities.
●

Matsubayashi Kozo●

Member of International Research Committee, JapaneseSociety of Promotion of Longevity Science.

Contributions

Geriatric Medical Service in Bousseasu in Guinea, Dec.
14, 2008 to Jan. 7, 2009.
● Geriatric Medical Service in Tosa Town in Kochi
Prefecture Japan, Aug. 2-9, 2009.
● Geriatric Medical Service in Qingai in China, Aug. 12 to
Sep. 3, 2009.
● Geriatric Medical Service in Ethiopia in Africa, Nov.
10-24, 2009.
Shibayama Mamoru●

Computerization of The Kotmai Tra Sam Duang (The
Law of the Three Seals of Thailand). The Kotmai Tra
Sam Duang (KTSD) is a popular appellation given toa corpus of traditional laws of Thailand compiled in
1805 by the order of King Rama I of the reigning Chakri
Dynasty. The importance of the KTSD lies in the factthat it is virtually the single source for those who wish
to study the pre-19th century legal texts of Thailand.
The Computer Concordance to the Law of the Three
Seals (KTSD) provides a comprehensive index withsome example of the total glossary for the KTSD whichmust be extremely useful for area studies. On Jun. 18,
2009, the revised version of the concordance was offering to H.R.H. Princess Sirindhorn with Prof. Ishii Yoneo
at Chitrada Royal Palace, Bangkok, Thailand.

Nishibuchi Mitsuaki

Chairman of Working Group on Code of Hygienic Practicefor Vibrio spp. in Seafood, under Codex Committee on
Food Hygiene in FAO/WHO.
● International Advisory Committee member, International
Conference on Molluscan Shellfish Safety (ICMSS).
● Japanese Panel Chair of Cholera and Other BacterialEnteric Infections Panel, US-Japan Cooperative Medical
Science Program.
●

Photo of the Computer Concordance to the Law of the Three Seals (KTSD)

A home visit by field medical team to a 62 year-old female who suffered frompoliomelitis when a baby and now suffered from hepatic ecchinococcosis withsevere disabilities. She mentioned, “I am now very happy with cordial thanks
to Buddha and to every humankind despite of my every disabilities.” At the
woman’s house.

A TV News scene of the ceremony where Profs. Shibayama
and Ishii are presenting the book to Her Royal Highness
Maha Chakri Sirindhorn [Provided by Thai-TV Channel 3]25

3

Global Academic Networks

Long Distance Learning
High mobility characterizes our remote video lecturing activity. We don’t need any dedicated room forthe remote video lecture/conference. We can bring theportable remote conference system working anywhere.
If necessary, we can go so far as to bring the network
connection to establish a high quality videoconference
connection. With free use of this capacity, we have been
sharing lectures to several universities in Southeast Asia
using two screens simultaneously (one screen showing thepresenter and another one showing his/her presentationmaterial).
It is not only necessary to keep a high quality network connection for a long time, but also a close coordination with the recipients. CSEAS remote lecturedelivering to the overseas universities has already reached
the stage of practical application. To be prepared for any
unforeseen accidents during live connection, the learning experience of the students is guaranteed through thecooperation of Kyoto University’s Open-Course Wares toprovide recorded materials online.

In 2008, we began to deliver remote lectures to the
VNU (Vietnam National University, Hanoi) and the ITB(Institute of Technology Bandung). The ITB then broadcasted the program to 250 universities subscribed to thehigher education network in Indonesia under KSI, theKyoto Sustainability Initiative’s education program. In
2009, we are expanding the coverage by establishing a
new connection to UNIMAS (Sarawak State Universityof Malaysia), and currently conducting technical experiments with a university in Bangladesh.
We also established a unique way to absorb the difference in time, timeslot, and semester by delivering alive Q&A session following the recorded lecture. For this
delayed broadcasting, we have developed simultaneous
multi-screen recorders with which we can save the presentation screen and the presenter’s camera view into one
screen. A stand-alone, self-powered, long-range network
connection extender is another unique piece of equipment we have developed to realize video conference inremote villages or at disaster sites.

Foreign Research Fellows
The visiting research fellows of 2009 was an impressive list of senior scholars and up-and-rising juniorresearchers.
● Prof. Anthony Reid
Former director of the Asia Research Institute of the
National University of Singapore and now Emeritus
Professor and Visiting Fellow at the Australian National
University.
● Dr. Nicanor Tiongson
Senior professor at the University of the Philippines Film
Institute, College of Mass Communications and former vice president and artistic director of the Cultural
Center of the Philippines.
● Dr. Hong Liu
Professor of East Asian Studies and Director of Centre
for Chinese Studies, University of Manchester, United
Kingdom.
● Prof. Nagaraj Nareppa
Professor of the Department of Agricultural Economics,
University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.

26

Director and Head of the Research Section of theHistorical Research Department, Yangon, Myanmar.
Two junior scholars
Prof. Viengrat Nethipo
Assistant professor at the Department of Government,
Faculty of Political Science, Chulalongkorn University,
Thailand.
● Prof. Erik Martinez Kuhonta
Assistant professor at the Department of Political
Science, McGill University, Canada.
●

Information on the respective research projects ofthese scholars can be found in the URL:

http://www.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/staff/staff_en.html

As in the past, these scholars’ stay with CSEAS had
been very productive, and their outputs include bookmanuscripts (original and revised) as well as a series of
essays on their fields.

MOUs
Exchange ofStudents

Date

Institute

Country

City

Aug. 17, 2009

Faculty of Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University

Republic of Indonesia

PadangSep. 1, 2008

Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University

Republic of Nepal

Kathmandu

Apr. 30, 2008

Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University

Kingdom of Thailand

HatyaiFeb. 25, 2008

Cairo University

Arab Republic of Egypt

Cairo

●

Oct. 10, 2007

Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University

Republic of Indonesia

Serang●May. 17, 2007

Faculty of Forestry, National University of Laos

Lao P.D.R.

Vientiane

Jun. 9, 2006

Institute of East Asian Studies, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

Malaysia

SarawakApr. 28, 2006

Korea Institute of Southeast Asian Studies

Republic of Korea

Seoul

Apr. 6, 2006

The Universitas Cenderawasih

Republic of Indonesia

JayapuraMar. 14, 2006

Center for Asia-Pacific Area Studies, Research Center for Humanities
and Social Science, Acadamia Sinica

TaiwanTaipeiNov. 13, 2005

Institute for Northeast Asian Studies, Vietnamese Academyof Social Science

Socialist Republic ofVietnam

Hanoi

Sep. 15, 2004

Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University

Kingdom of Thailand

Khon Kaen

Aug. 9, 2004

State Islamic University

Republic of Indonesia

Tangerang●

Oct. 26, 2002

Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, National University of Singapore

Republic of Singapore

Singapore●

Oct. 23, 2002

Hanoi Agricultural University

Socialist Republic ofVietnam

Hanoi

Sep. 17, 2002

International Centre for Diarrheal Diseasea Research, Bangladesh

People’s Republic ofBangladesh

DhakaMar. 25, 2002

The Seameo Regional Centre for History and Tradition

Union of Myanmar

YangonMar. 11, 2002

Yezin Agricultural University

Union of Myanmar

Yezin

Feb. 7, 2002

Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University

Kingdom of Thailand

HatyaiJan. 4, 2002

The Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Republic of Indonesia

Jakarta

Sep. 5, 2001

Research Institute and Graduate Programs Hasanuddin University

Republic of Indonesia

Makassar●

Jul. 23, 2001

Bogor Agricultural University

Republic of Indonesia

Bogor

●

Jul. 23, 2001

National Coordination Agency for Surveys and Mapping

Republic of Indonesia

Bogor

●

Nov. 28, 2000

Center for Integrative and Development Studies Universityof the Philippines

Republic of thePhilippines

Quezon●●●After representatives sign the MOU

27

3

Global Academic Networks

Liaison Office
The Bangkok Liaison Office was established in 1963,
and its present location is in the Sukhumvit area of central
Bangkok. The Jakarta Liaison Office was established in
Oct. 1970 at Kebayoran Baru area of Jakarta, and has beenin the same area since then. These offices function as aresidence for the CSEAS research staff stationed there to
manage the office. In recent years, management of theoffice has been opened to researchers from other schools,
faculties, and universities. The offices have three major
functions. First, they are the bases for information collection. Some of the major collections are books in the vernacular language, statistics, documents, and maps. The
offices maintain regular contact and exchanges academic
information with research agencies like the National
Research Council of Thailand, Chulalongkorn University
and Thammasat University, or the Indonesian Institute of
Science (LIPI), Hasanuddin University, Bogor Agricultural
University, and the National Coordination Agency for
Surveys and Mapping (BAKOSURTANAL). The offices
also serve as a channel for inquiries about local institutes
from Japanese and other researchers and students. The
offices also function as publicity bases. They organize

workshops and hold receptions for scholars in Bangkok
and Jakarta and also from the region. Third, the officeprovides logistical support to field surveys, including
assistance in acquiring research visas, negotiating withresearch counterparts, and attending to emergency measures.
In 2007, both liaison offices actively facilitated thebirth of Kyoto University alumni associations, Kyoto
Union Club (KUC) in Thailand and Himpunan Asosiasi
Kyoto University (HAKU) in Indonesia. By now, KUC
organized four Kyoto University Southeast Asian Forums
and HAKU organized three forums. The sixth forum“Dashi Event” was held in Bangkok in collaboration with
Ajinomoto Integrative Research for Advanced Dieting,
the Organization for the Promotion of International
Relations, Kyoto Universit y, Graduate School of
Agriculture, Kyoto University, Japanese Culinary
Academy, Kyoto Union Club.
The 7th forum will be held in Bandung on “Earthand Space.” These forums function as an opportunity todisseminate the academic frontier of Kyoto University.

Vientiane
National University of Laos
Institute for Northeast Asian Studies,
Vietnamese Academy of Social Science
Hanoi Agricultural
University

Laos
MyanmarYezin Agricultural
University

Liaison Offices Abroad
Global COE field stations
Institutions with academic
exchange agreements with CSEAS,
research project agreements

Center for Integrative andDevelopment Studies,
University of the Philippines

Yezin
SEAMEO Regional
Centre for
History and Tradition

Faculty of Medicine,
Khon Kaen University

Thailand

VietnamBangkok

ManilaCambodia

Philippines*In other regions
International Centre for Diarrheal Diseases
Research, Bangladesh
Korean Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Center for Asia-Pacific Area Studies,
Research Center for Humanities and Social
Sciences, Acadamia Sinica, Taiwan

Number of foreign research
fellows invited, by country(cumulative)(Those from outside theSoutheast Asian region: 84)0<5Faculty of Science,Prince of Songkla University

10-50

BruneiMalaysia

Faculty ofArts and Social Sciences,
National University of Singapore

5-10

Phnom Penh

50-100>100

Singapore

Cenderawasih
University

PadangFaculty of
Medicine and Faculty of Pharmacy,
Andalas University

Indonesia

Sultan Agung
Tirtayasa University

Jakarta

Makassar

Bogor
Bogor Agricultural University
National Coordination Agency for
Surveys and Mapping, Indonesia

28

The Indonesian
Institute of Sciences (LIPI)
National Islamic University

Research Institute and Graduate Programs,
Hasanuddin University

East Asian Networking Committee
Institutional collaborative research on Southeast
Asia among East Asian scholars has become a new challenge in Japan. A workshop on East Asian networks on
Southeast Asian studies held in Kyoto in Oct. 2005, towhich CSEAS invited Southeast Asia specialists from
China, South Korea and Taiwan, resulted in the signing of MOUs between CSEAS and Taiwan’s ResearchCenter for Humanities and Social Sciences and the Korea
Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Through these,
CSEAS has been making special efforts in promoting
academic exchanges with East Asian scholars working on
Southeast Asian Studies. An annual joint conference with

the Center for Asia Pacific Area Studies, Academia Sinica,
Taiwan, alternately in Kyoto and Taipei, started in 2007.
In Oct. 2009, the Third CAPAS-CSEAS International
symposium under the title of “Maritime Links and Transnationalism in Southeast Asia” was held at the Academia
Sinica, Taipei. In 2009, a new initiative with the Korean
Association for Southeast Asian Studies (KASEAS) also
started; and the first KSEAS-CSEAS joint symposium
titled “Interdependency of Korea, Japan and Southeast
Asia: The Migration, Investment and Cultural Flow” washeld at the Gyeongsang National University, Jinju City,
Korea in June.

Department of Practice-oriented Area Studies
Area Studies in Japan have appeared especially as asocial request to open alternative frontiers which orthodox academic studies could not respond to. Particularly,
CSEAS, Kyoto University, has employed natural sciences
to Area Studies, integrating this area with the social sciences. Practice-oriented Area Studies are strongly seeking a way to participate in and learn from people’s practical efforts to challenge their possibilities in this Area.
This department has officially started in this endeavour
as of Oct. 2008 and thus, is the newest in CSEAS. As of
Nov. 2009, one associate professor (Head of Department),
one assistant professor, one lecturer, seven research
fellows and two supporting staff belong to the department. The main projects are a Mobile site type researchon sustainability science: Practice-oriented Area Studyon Re-vitalization of Networking Societies by “Zaichi”(Village-Communities) and Local Towns (Rural Urban)
in collaboration with ISS (Institute of Sustainability
Science), An Alternative Rural Development Model on
the Basis of Rural History and Culture: Action for Mutual
Learning on the Significance of Rural Culture ThroughNetworking of People in Asian Developing Countries
and Japan (Asian Neighbors Network Program, Toyota
Foundation), The Promoting Project of Needs Based Area
Studies for the World: Study on “Social Software” forDevelopment and Environment Preservation in Peripheral
South Asia: Trying to Find a Clue through Stakeholder
Participation (JSPS), International Networking Project toCope with Natural Hazards on the Periphery of Bengal
Bay (JSPS).

The API Fellowships
The Nippon Foundation established the Fellowships
for Asian Public Intellectuals (API Fellowships) in cooperation with Asian intellectuals and organizations in
2000. The participating countries include Indonesia, thePhilippines, Thailand, Malaysia and Japan. CSEAS is
the partner institution in
Japan, and the Japanese
secreta riat operates
within the Center. The
API Fellowships aim topromote mutual learning and contribute to thegrowth of public spaces inwhich effective responses
to regional needs can begenerated. It has enabledpublic intellectuals in Asia
International Workshop in Nov. 2009

to pursue academic, cultural, and professional projects
in the API participating countries. Since 2002, CSEAS
has organized 18 seminars in which 45 API fellows gave
presentations and shared their insights with staff and students from CSEAS and ASAFAS.

Country workshop in Mar. 200929

4

Staff Research Interests

Photos taken by Dr. Lye Tuck-Po, former visiting research fellow

Division of Integrated Area Studies

The division explores the age of information and globalization through synthetic and holistic approaches. The
division pursues comparative research on areas within andtranscending the boundaries of Southeast Asia, as well as
on regional information systems. In addition, the division
integrates and coordinates the research of the Center incollaboration with the other research divisions and theDivision of Area Informatics.

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

The division explores the coexistence of humans andtheir environment. The Ecological Resources section pursues research on human ecology, environmental management systems, and resources, and the Life Environment
section studies human life in relation to the environment,
including studies of food, nutrition, hygiene and disease.

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

The division explores the changing interactions ofculture, society, and ecology through perspectives thatchallenge the disciplinary and geographic boundaries
shaping past studies of Southeast Asia. The division studies
social transformations, cultural aspects of production, thecreation of borderland spaces, and everyday life, as well as
religion, knowledge practices, the institution of culture, andgender and sexuality.

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics

The division studies globalization, regionalization, andregional development. The division is concerned with thepolitical economy of Southeast Asia and the broader East
Asian economy; agricultural and development economics;
and government, politics, regionalism, and the regionalization of Southeast Asia.

Division of Information and Networks

The division provides various information resources,
an information infrastructure based on the Internet, and a
support system for highly utilized resources in area studies.
Also, in order to build the concept and discipline of Area
Informatics as a research field at the Center, the division
explores a methodology for applying informatics in areastudies.

30

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Mizuno Kosuke

Professor
1 People’s organizations (such as labor unions),

institutional change, and economic development
2 Southeast Asian Path of economic development
3 Family business and their networks in the sustainable humanosphere development inIndonesia economy

I

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Nishibuchi Mitsuaki

Professor
1 Elucidation of interrelationships between thenatural environment and human activities (cultural, social, economic, etc.) specific to Asia
through analysis of enteric infections
2 Safety of the food traded across international
borders in Asia

M

have employed both institutional and historicalapproaches in my study of the Indonesian economy aswell as the area study approach when examining land,
labor, and capital as integral parts of the economy. I
have conducted a number of case studies with theseapproaches on the non-farm sector and rural industries
in the Indonesian countryside, the results of which havebeen published in my book Community-Based Industry
in Indonesia: What Is a Path to the Recovery of Asian
Economies? (Kyoto University Press, 1999, in Japanese),and Rural Industrialization in Indonesia: A Case Study ofCommunity-Based Weaving Industry in West Java (IDE,
1996). My research interest also includes studying the roleof people’s organizations, institutional changes and economic development. This approach has been applied forthe study of natural resources management for both thecases of Talun-Huma (an agro-forestry system) in WestJava and of peat land conservation in Riau, Indonesia. The
cases of industrial relations and trade union have also beenstudied from this view point. These studies have been
done in the context of Indonesian democratization anddecentralization. Direktori Serikat Buruh di Indonesia(Directory of Indonesian Trade Union) (AKATIGA,
2007, in Indonesian) was a product of this study. I haveorganized a study group on “Entrepreneur in East Asia,
Political, Economic, Social and Cultural; towards a New
Model of East Asian political economy,” since 2005 focusing on the topics of rent-seeking, networks, informal violence and social movements in the region. Populism inAsia (NUS and Kyoto University Press, 2009) is a productof this group. The recent economic crisis in East Asia isbeing studied in this context.

ost bacteria responsible for enteric infections inhabit
natural environments, but they are sparsely distributed. However, the eutrophication of environments due
to increases in human population, human activities, andclimate change stimulates bacterial propagation. The
propagated bacteria can cause infection through consumption of water and food. Culture — including hygienic
concepts, eating habits, ritual ceremonies, and other factors — can influence the frequency of contact between
bacteria and humans. Humans differ in their resistanceto infection by pathogenic bacteria due to differences intheir immunity induced by past infections. Once infected,
humans become “culture bottles of the pathogen” andbacteria propagated there are released into the environment. Political and economic activities such as the movement of labor harboring pathogens and the import/exportof food contaminated with pathogens mediate the spreadof infections. As such, we can look at the human-natureinteraction through an analysis of the epidemiology of
infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological tools such
as DNA fingerprinting can be a very powerful tool in theanalysis, helping to prove in a objective manner the subjective hypothesis put forward in field study. The puzzles I
have been collaborating with scientists in Asia to solve are
infections caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae, and Escherichia coli O157.

Talun-Huma Agroforestry, Western Java, Indonesia

Our collaborators work closely with each other. We often provide ourcollaborators opportunities to learn advanced analytical technologies throughjoint conferences/workshops.

31

4

Staff Research Interests

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Okamoto Masaaki

Caroline Sy Hau

1 Local Politics
2 Decentralization
3 Privatized violence

1 The Chinese in the Philippines
2 Pan-Asianism(s) and revolutionary networks
3 Cultural flows and the formation of “East Asia”

A

I

Going to the Polls: picture of voters at the Indonesian general election 2009

Cultural entrepreneur Chitra Konuntakiet with two of her bestselling books on
the “Chinese” in Thailand (taken in Bangkok, Oct. 2009)

Associate Professort present I have three intellectual interests. The firstis how to understand local politics in Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, where democratization and decentralization have brought about radical changes in local politics.
I have done research for several years in Indonesia andhave tried to explain the emerging political stabilization
at the local level after several years of severe unstable politics. My tentative argument is that the blossoming of new
regions and the ethnic, religious and/or regional balanceof candidates in local direct elections contribute to thedecrease in horizontal disparities and stabilize local politics. My second interest is on the privatization of security
especially in Indonesia. The end of the cold war globally
prompted security privatization and this has very muchbeen the case in Southeast Asia. Post-Suharto Indonesia
has seen the rise of various types of security providers. I
am currently researching on their gradual evolution and/or transformation with the consolidation of democracy
in Indonesia. Some of the providers have shrewdly transformed themselves and have succeeded to play politicallydominant roles at a local level. Finally, I am interested in
the politics of plantations especially that of palm oil inSoutheast Asia. With the rising importance of bio-fuels,
palm oil plantations are expanding at a phenomenal rate
in archipelagic Southeast Asia. My research focus is on
how the pro-plantation discourse has been forged globally,nationally and locally to justify its reckless expansion.

32

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Associate Professor

am currently working on two book projects.
One is on the cultural politics of “Chineseness” in thePhilippines from a comparative Southeast Asian perspective. The past three decades have witnessed the resignification of (Mainland) “China” from a model of socialist
revolution to a model of “Chinese” capitalism alongside
the transformation of ethnic Chinese in Southeast Asia
from economically prominent but politically disloyal andculturally problematic aliens into model “Asians” as wellas patriot-entrepreneurs and increasingly vocal players innational politics. This book tracks the political, economic,
cultural and ideological processes by which “Chinese”
came to be historically identified with commerce andcapital, selectively included in and excluded from various
national imaginaries and nation-building projects, andreinvented as paradigmatic “Asians.”
The second book project, co-authored with Takashi
Shiraishi and entitled Only Yesterday, looks at the region
we now call “East Asia.” Encompassing both Northeast
and Southeast Asia, the region has been characterized by
rapid region-wide economic development that has led tothe emergence of increasingly urbanized and middle-classsocieties, as well as the deepening and widening of gaps
between urban centers and rural areas, and between urban
middle classes and the urban poor.

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Nakaguchi Yoshitsugu

Fujita Motoko

1 Dynamism of how bacteria causes diarrhea in

1 Conservation of birds in Acacia mangium

Assistant Professor

Southeast Asia
2 Genetic analysis of pathogens which cause
enteric infections
3 Development and application of quantitative
analysis of pathogens based on food risk
assessmentT

he relationship — the fight — between humans andpathogens is age old. In Southeast Asian countries, entericinfections are one of the most important infections and are
related to local food culture. Now that millions of people
travel abroad and foods are imported from many Asian
countries, we have additional problems with infectious
disease. When we protect our life in this environment, it
is important to have a broad perspective on infectious diseases and the hygiene situation.
What is the concept of food safety? Essentially thismeans safety from infection by pathogens. Designing afood risk assessment system on a global scale is important
for the food circumstances of our country today. The
various pathogens causing infectious disease contaminate
foods imported from Asian countries; when brought into
Japan via imported food, infectious diseases can spreadquickly. This type of spread of infectious diseases throughthe movement of humans and things is something that has
been repeated throughout human history. I use the techniques of molecular biology and molecular epidemiology
to analyze pathogens which cause infectious diseases andaim to understand their dynamic movement.

Researcher (G-COE)

plantation in Indonesia
2 Nutrient dynamics via bird feces
3 Ecosystem management in human-modified
landscapesIn environments where human activity exerts a strong
influence, the presence or absence of many living organisms is connected to land use. There is a difference, forexample, between the living organisms that inhabit rural
environments, where second-growth forests and paddy
fields are abundant, and those that inhabit urban environments, where isolated forests are scattered about surrounded by residential neighborhoods. I have studied the ways
in which avian species are affected by changes broughton by these kinds of human-made environments, andwhat differences in ecological functions arise as a result,focusing my attention on nutrient transport as nitrogenand phosphorus. For example, in Japan, the populationof forest bird species in the fragmented urban forests I
surveyed was greater than the population in the mountainregion. As a result, the amount of excreted nitrogen andphosphorus mediated by bird feces in urban crow roosts
were found to be dropped 70 to 100 times more than theamount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the mountain
forests. Measurements of stable isotope ratio and carbon,
nitrogen and phosphorus amounts in bird feces suggested
that crows roosting in urban forests eat foods (e.g. garbage)found in residential area. In Indonesia, I have focused on
the impact of changes in land use, such as the developmentof large-scale Acacia plantations, on the diversity of bird
species. My aim is to demonstrate that decreases in thediversity of avian species can be mitigated via landscapemanagement, which tries to conserve natural secondary
forest within and around these plantations.

aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa

Experimental study with Indonesian researchers in Padang, Indonesia

Landscape of Acacia plantation in different harvesting stages, South Sumatra,Indonesia

33

4

Staff Research Interests

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Nakashima Narihisa

Kondo Mari

1 Land disputes of Indonesia
2 Water businesses and land issue in Indonesia
3 Post colonial discourse in the reform era in

1 Business strategies and comparative business

Visiting Professor

Indonesia

I

34

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Visiting Professor

systems
2 Corporate social responsibilities (business andpeace)
3 Diversity management

I

have been conducting research on land disputes for thelast ten years especially in West Sumatra. West Sumatra is
the homeland of the Minangkabau society, and its matrilineal system is very well known. Tanah Ulayat, or theCommunal Lands of various levels of a village system havebeen very important for maintaining the Minangkabau
matrilineal society.
However since the Dutch colonial era a lot of communal lands were leased (erpacht) to Dutch companies, andwere transferred to the state after the Basic Agrarian Law
of 1960, and had been used for plantations, mining andresort areas. But after Suharto’s fall in 1998, people foundthe courage to demand their right over those lands. Thosefights often faced violence from the military and police.
The aim of my research was to describe those fights incultural anthropological terms and clarify the impact of
the Reform era, and analyze the post colonial dimension
between the present time and the colonial era as well as
the New Order.
In regards to land disputes, I have been researching
the water business in Indonesia for the last three years,
which became very popular especially after the economiccrisis in 1998. The privatization of water business such as
PDAM (Public Water Supply Company) and rising mineralwater companies brought a lot of trouble to local societies
which used to have rights over water management.

lived in the Philippines (and Sri Lanka) for around 15
years, working as a business school professor at the Asian
Institute of Management. While I was teaching there,
many managers from various parts of the Southeast Asia
wanted me to explain about Japanese management. In
order for them to understand the differences well, I had
to explain it in comparison to that of the Philippines
and Southeast Asia. Since then, I have been intrigued bycomparative business systems, in relation to the businessstrategies.
It is common sense that business strategies determine
business performance. It is not too difficult to imagine
that each country has a unique business system (to a certain extent). However, we tend to forget (at least in business school) that each business system tends to constrain
even business strategies that a firm can take, thus also
influence their business performance. Of course, I am particularly interested in the business strategies of the firms inSoutheast Asian countries, in relation to the systems they
operate within, in comparison to Japanese firms.
In a globalized world where the boundaries of business, government and civil societies are blurring, a set ofinteresting strategies are taken by corporations operatingin many Asian countries, particularly in the area of corporate social responsibilities. I am particularly interested in
how CSR mechanism can help or harm peace, in relation
to inequality issues.
Upon my return to Japan, I am rather shocked by thefact that society may be losing its vigor, and feel strongly
about the need to open up the country to many nationalities. Thus, my present research interest includes diversity
management, particularly of Japanese corporations.

Sicuang irrigation, West Sumatra, which supplies water for more than 2,500 ha,
is now under threat, because the Padang-Pariman District is planning to getwater to the new regency capital.

Plant workers not allowed to be in the administration building
wait to go in to get paid.

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Retno Kusumaningtyas

Kono Yasuyuki

1 The application of (complex) agroforestry

1 Land and water resources management
2 Dynamics of livelihood systems
3 Sustainable humanosphere studies

Special Researcher

approaches in sustainable development in thetropics
2 The utilization of smallholder and plantation
agro-forestry approaches in the sustainable production of timber
3 Community-company partnerships in sustainable plantation development and managementMy research-activities revolve around the application of (complex) agro-forestry practices in the tropics. I
study how agro-forestry approaches can be combined andadvanced, and how these approaches can be integrated
together with various other natural resource management
strategies to maximize social and economic benefits, while
minimizing potentially harmful ecological and social consequences. The overall aim is to find a balance betweensocial and economic development, sustainable resource
utilization, and biodiversity protection. My work is concentrated mainly in Indonesia.
Currently my work focuses on the utilization of smallholder and plantation agro-forestry approaches in the sustainable production of timber. It is part of a wider research
project into the design of a practical scenario for a timberbased bio-ethanol industry in Indonesia. The applicationof (complex) agro-forestry approaches will allow for the
integration of other useful species and sustainable natural
resource management approaches within a timber cultivation area, creating in effect one larger complex cultivation
system. Thus, a system is sought that will create livelihood
security at the community level, is able to fulfil industry
requirements, and can aid in improving social and ecological conditions.
A further theme within my research is the potential
for community-company partnerships in sustainable plantation development and management. These studies build
on previous research on plantation development and (complex) agro-forestry, and share the overall aim of my work.

Loading timber harvested from smallholder agro-forestry plantations at
Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia

Professor

I

study the transformation of rural livelihood systems,
land and water resources management, and environmental conservation and development programs in Mainland
Southeast Asia. My study sites cover a wide range of
ecological settings, from deltaic areas of the Red River andthe Mekong River in Vietnam, the Chaophraya River inThailand, and the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar, to plateau areas of Northeast Thailand, Upper Burma and Tamil
Nadu State in India, and mountainous areas of northern
Vietnam, northern Laos, northern Thailand, and Yunnan
Province of China. Fieldwork combined with remote sensing and GIS analyses are the major tools of my research.
My major research concern is, first, to develop an
area-specific synthesis of technology, institutions, andnatural environment for land and water resources management in a globalizing environment. Land and water is
rapidly recognized to be a scarce resource on which rural
livelihood, agricultural production and forest ecosystemconservation depends. We have to consider how to adapt
resource management to the environmental and historical settings of local societies. Second, livelihood systems
in rural Southeast Asia are drastically changing and havediversified during the last several decades, which has furthermore increased the complexity in resources management and the importance of site-specific researches. It
is worth challenging the generalization of these changes.
The third concern issustainable humanosphere studies inwhich my specificconcern is, utilizing
potentiality of tropical environment, toinvestigate environment-inspired technologies.

Jungle rubber garden is thought
to be a typical type of low-input
low-return production systems.
But the renewal mechanism of
rubber trees are well managed
by smallholders, securing
sustainable production in spiteof flood damages and termite
attacks.

35

4

Staff Research Interests

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Matsubayashi Kozo

Kozan Osamu

1 Longitudinal follow-up study based on compre-

1 Estimating the impacts of climate change andProfessor

hensive geriatric assessment for communitydwelling elderly in Japan
2 Comprehensive study of human aging in Asia
and Africa
3 Study on neurodegenerative diseases in New
Guinea4 Comprehensive study on human aging and diseases in highlander in the Himalayan highlandsWe have been continuing a longitudinal study on comprehensive geriatric assessment for community-dwellingelderly living in Kochi, Japan, since 1990.
Compared with findings of Japanese elderly, we havecarried out a geriatric survey of community-dwelling elderly living communities in West Java in Indonesia, Phuto
district in Vietnam, Maubin in Myanmar, Khon Kaenin Thailand, Savannakhet in Laos. We found increasing
prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the elderly population in
Khon Kaen in Thailand and Savannakhet in Laos, and also
found a high prevalence of hypertension in elderly in west
Java in Indonesia. We found a close association between
metabolic syndrome of the elderly and economical transition. Adding to the above and compared with the abovefindings, our two special interests in neurodegenerative
diseases in New Guinea and the health conditions of highaltitude populations in the Himalayas and Ethiopia havealso led us to cooperate with researchers in ResearchInstitute of Human and Nature.

A platform burial in Shu in Qingai, China. Many Tibetan elderly people living in
Shu in Qinghai plateau cordially desire to be buried beyond the sky.

36

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Associate Professor

human activity on regional hydrological cycle in
the Aral Sea Basin
2 Sustainability of the large scale tree plantationin the peat swamp forest, IndonesiaTwo major rivers — the Syr Darya and the Amu
Darya — originally flowed into the Aral Sea, once aninland lake that was the world’s fourth largest in water
area. In the 1960s, the Soviet Union started largescale irrigation projects in the vast dry steppes extending through the mid and downstream basins of these
two rivers. Irrigated land grew from about 4.5 million
hectares in 1960 to about 7 million in 1980. The hugeincrease in water diverted to irrigated areas dramaticallydecreased water flowing into the Aral Sea, disturbing thebalance between water inflow and evaporation from thelake and rapidly raising the saline concentration from 10
per cent to 35 per cent.
The combination of these processes has triggered
many problems, including the disappearance of fisheries
from the Aral Sea, the contamination of basins by agricultural chemicals, damage to the health of local inhabitants
including a lower life expectancy, and the deteriorationof the environment. After the Soviet Union’s collapse in1991 and the independence of republics around the basins,
bitter conflicts arose over water use from the two natural rivers between countries upstream and downstream.
To clarify these problems, I stated hydro-meteorologicalobservation and modeling from 2006. I am integrating
various kinds of data in order to provide useful information for local communities.
To discuss the sustainability of large scale tree plantation in the peat swamp forest, hydrological and CO2 flux
obser vation a rebeing planned inIndonesia.

The meteorological station,
which is maintained by
local famers, is located near theexperimental farmland
established by ICBA
(International Center for
Biosaline Agriculture).
Meteorological data is used
for climate trend analysis
and sustainable water
management.

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Sato Takahiro

Wada Taizo

1 Temporal-spatial changes in land and water

1 Formal and informal care at the end of life
2 Cross-cultural study of depression in older

Assistant Professor (G-COE)

use in Southern India

Researcher (G-COE)

people in Southeast Asia and Japan

3 Falls as a risk factor of functional decline in older

people.

In Tamil Nadu state at the southern tip of the Indian
subcontinent, the Southwest monsoon, which can provide
abundant rainfall from June to September, is blocked by
the Western Ghats Mountains. As a result, only 8001,000 mm annual rainfall falls, the lower limit necessary
for paddy production. To use this limited rainfall effectively, around 500 years ago, people developed a tank irrigation
system which is designed to capture surface runoff water.
Frequent tank maintenance is essential for its sustainable
use, but many factors, such as urban migration, have weakened the community-based tank management system andresulted in a decline in tank performance.
To cope with such problems, not only technological innovation but also the establishment of a tankmanagement system taking into consideration socio-economical criteria may be needed. To suggest the necessary interventions for sustainable water use in this area,
I have been studying temporal-spatial changes in land
and water use in recent decades through a combinationof RS/GIS technique and fieldwork.

I

have been engaged in geriatrics for more than 10 years
and have seen various types of end of life. It is only humanbeings in this living world who have endeavored to manage
disease and disability using medical techniques and helping each other to cooperate until the very last day. Even
though death may be around the corner, treatable situations must be treated, irrespective of the age. However,
it is sometimes difficult to know which medical care isbeneficial for the patient especially during the end of life.
Yet in the meantime, informal care which is provided byfamilies and communities are supposed to be beneficial
and at times vital to all patients.

82 years old Monk suffering prostate cancer. His son, daughter in law, grandchildand many young monks were taking care of him whenever it was necessary.

Manual land leveling of the paddy field

Picture of Monk brought to the hospital by his son and daughter in law

37

4

Staff Research Interests

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Hayami Yoko
Professor
1234Ethnic relationships in Mainland Southeast Asia
Family and gender in Southeast Asia
Cross-border migration from Burma to Thailand
Religious practices along the Burma Thailand
borderShimizu Hiromu
Professor

1 Resiliency of indigenous communities in aremote area against globalization
2 Japanese retirees’ migration to Southeast Asia
3 Socio-cultural history of Yokosuka City under
the shadow of the US Naval BaseM

O

Karen women weaving to their hearts’ content

Hapao village in rice-terraces Suhartoy research interests have evolved since I began
research among the Karen in the Northern Thai hills two
decades ago on religion, ethnicity and gender. Changes inmy orientation, in the discipline of anthropology and in theregion itself have constantly demanded me to reframe myunderstanding. My focus has gradually widened spatiallyand temporally from the time of Burma’s colonization and
Thailand’s modern nation-building to national policies
under the Cold War, and subsequently in the age of globalization, how have the everyday life of the people in theregion been transformed? In the past few years, I have also
been conducting research on both sides of the Thai-Burmaborder, looking at religious practices among the Karen
since colonial times. I am pursuing two major topics
across the Thailand-Myanmar border: the ethno-religious
movements among the Karen; and the domestic sphere asa locus of cultural reproduction amid experiences of ethnic conflict as well as cross-border mobility for labor andrefuge. Through these topics, I aim to reconsider modernist frameworks for “family,” “ethnicity” and “religion.”

38

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

ne of my research topics is the resiliency of indigenous communities in a remote area against globalization.
Almost every year since 1997 I have visited Hapao village
with 350 households and surrounding areas in Ifugao
province of northern Luzon to study people-initiatedprojects of reforestation, cultural revitalization, and socioeconomic development. Anthropologically, the Ifugao arewell known not only for magnificent rice terraces, whichwere inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List as
a living cultural heritage in 1995, but also for customarylaws, myths and rituals, woodcarving production, and soforth. Today more than 100 villagers among have been
abroad to work as domestic helpers and care givers.
Hapao is located at the center of a mountainous area
where the main force of the Japanese army led by the commander in chief General Yamashita entrenched itself inthe final phase of the World War II. Mr. Lopez Nauyac,a native intellectual and the president of a small NGO(Ifugao Global Forest City Movement) in Hapao, insisted
that world peace finally descended on Hapao at the cost ofvillagers’ suffering and death, and he succeeded in obtaining funds for his projects from several Japanese agencies
including JICA. The total amount exceeds 70 million yen.
I am very much interested in the signifying practice of Mr.
Nauyac as well the global connections of villagers.

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Koizumi Junko

Ishikawa Noboru

1 Modern Thai history and historiography
2 History of gender relations in Thailand
3 Asian Studies in Historical Perspective

1 State-making and transnationality
2 Culture and power
3 Global ethnography

MA

Mural Painting, Wat Pradu Song Tham, Ayutthaya

A log pond in Northern Sarawak, Malaysia

Professor

y research has been focused on the historical studyof Siam (Thailand) in the Early Bangkok period. I haveconducted extensive archival research concerning thevarious aspects of pre-modern Siamese society andstate administration and their transformation fromthe late 19th century. Based upon insights obtained
through reading those primary source materials, I havealso tried to pursue a critical reexamination of modern
Thai historiography, raising questions about existing
history writing and representation in both official andpopular historical discourses that are mostly framed bya modern nation-state cum royalist framework. In thisrelation, I regard the question of gender as an important field of history that has been marginalized in the
major masculinist discourse of Thai history. Anotherfield of importance that needs critical reappraisal is thehistorical place in Siam of China factors, which have
hitherto been confined within the assimilation perspective. Through such historical explorations, I hope tobroaden the possibilities of history writing and propose
the significance of a long-term historical perspective forunderstanding present-day situations in the post-Cold
War era.

Associate Professors a social anthropologist, I have maintained a strong
interest in political economy and relationships between
human and environment in insular Southeast Asia. I
have explored social forces shaping the region through thearticulation of history and ethnography both from macroand micro perspectives. More specifically, my research
focuses on the material bases of socio-cultural configurations in maritime Southeast Asia, analyzing them inboth their local and global contexts and looking into
their interaction. I have been engaged in interdisciplinary
research on the Malay world and on present-day Malaysia
and Indonesia, with special attention to the role of culturalinterpretations in the reproduction and maintenance ofpower, identity politics, nation-making, ethnogenesis,
socio-cultural dislocation, and the mobilization of social
labor. My current research themes include the transnational process at a state border in western Borneo, thesocial history of a riverine society in northern Sarawak,
Malaysia, commodity chains connecting Southeast Asia
and Japan, and the socio-cultural construction of “nature”
in the industrialized environment of Southeast Asia.

39

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Staff Research Interests

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Kobayashi Satoru

Kimura Shuhei

1 Changes and persistence of Cambodian society
2 Time-space analysis of Buddhist activities in

1 Historical configuration of disaster system inAssistant Professor

mainland Southeast Asia

Assistant Professor (G-COE)

Turkey2 Ethnography of risk and future in Istanbul

3 Khmer culture in Thailand and Vietnam

M

40

M

y fundamental research interest is to comprehend
the reality of the socio-cultural dynamics in mainland
Southeast Asia. In particular, Cambodian society’s rapidand dramatic transformation has continued to capture
my research attention for the past 10 years. The civil war
since 1970 and the totalitarian state rule of the Pol Pot
regime brought about a series of tremendous changes in
Cambodian society, and following the socialist policy of
the 1980s and the substantiation of modern governanceprocedures of state-rule by the new government after
1993 have affected society in many different ways. Thus,
my interest lies in how local lives preserve their original
property. I explore this through research on the characteristics of “sociabilité” that have been formed in previous
periods in distinguishing ecological and social settings ineach locality. I am also conducting a time-space analysis of
Buddhist activities in rural Cambodia in order to comprehend socio-cultural dynamics in the area. These researchinterests have blossomed into a comparative study of the“state-local culture” relationship in Southeast Asia. This
must be applied firstly in the fieldwork on the Khmerspeaking population in Northeast Thailand and Mekongdelta region of Vietnam.

y research interest is to explore natural disasters as aconsequence of long-term interaction between nature andculture — I call this “disaster system” — in Turkey.
In Turkey, earthquake has become a public concern
and the social arrangement surrounding disaster has beenchanging dynamically, especially after the great earthquake disaster in 1999. As an anthropologist, I have been
conducting my field research in urban areas in that country including Istanbul, Gölcük, and Erzincan, focusing on
the activities on disaster preparedness, and the narratives
on past and future disaster of local people, municipalities,
and academics. I have published several articles on thistheme in Japanese journals such as Asian African Area
Studies.
Now I am aiming to recontextualize “risk” ethnographically. As U. Beck explains, we are living in a risk-sensitive society where every single thing that can happen in
the future come to be taken into account as risk, and we areforced to deal with such “risk” in a neoliberal way. Based onfield research on future earthquake in Istanbul, I am planning to publish a monograph that describes how the ideasof risk, uncertainty and future(s) are embodied and intertwined in Istanbul in the contemporary glocal setting.

A photo of the joint survey of temple-monasteries with Cambodian young
researchers in Kampong Thum, Cambodia

The monument to the 1992 Erzincan Earthquake

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Nishi Makoto

Sun Xiaogang

1 Local knowledge and Development
2 Community initiatives to cope with HIV/AIDS

1 Pastoralists’ response to climate change and nat-

M

I

Scenery of a Gurage village

Settling and moving — pastoralists catch the opportunities from both.

Assistant Professor (G-COE)y research interests include social development,
democracy and participation, and community initiatives
for development.
Currently I am engaged in research on community initiatives to cope with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. My
research demonstrates how the virus has affected the
productive and reproductive systems of the communities;
how the medical technologies such as HIV testing kits andthe anti-retroviral treatments are the problems as well as
solutions for local people; and how different stakeholders within and outside the community negotiate witheach other to establish democratic relationship between
those who are infected and those who are not infected.
My research focuses on HIV/AIDS initiatives promoted
by different stakeholders in the Gurage Zone of southern
Ethiopia. One such initiative is a pre- and post-marriage
testing campaign that was supposed to prevent transmission from males who migrate to urban centers in search of
job opportunities. This campaign has posed the question
whether or not a HIV discordant couple (a couple in which
one is infected with HIV and the other is not) is a possible
and legitimate form of married couple within the Gurage
society. Another initiative is the “plow your neighbor’s
garden” campaign, which requires community members
to provide free labor for households affected by HIV/AIDS.
Such a campaign is important since households affectedby HIV/AIDS often lack labor force to conduct agricultural
practice for their own livelihoods. Through my interviews
with different stakeholders within the community, I havebeen focusing on local debates in progress regarding therelevance of these initiatives promoted by local elders.

Researcher (G-COE)

ural hazards
2 Pastoralists’ adaptive strategy in a global age
3 Sustainability of nomadic pastoralism in Asia
and Africa

have been carrying out ecological and anthropologicalresearch on pastoral societies of East Africa since 1998. I
am primarily interested in the interactions among human,livestock, and arid environments. However, I have also
focused on the socio-economic changes in pastoral societies over the past half century. Based on two years’ fieldwork with the Rendille camel herders of Kenya, I examined
how pastoralists have coped with complex natural andsocio-economic uncertainty. The results of my researchshowed that the Rendille demonstrate great mobility,
flexibility, and creativity in their current subsistence. For
example, with the influence of sedentarization policy andlarge-scale development projects in the 1970s-80s, theRendille have changed from nomadic to semi-nomadic
by settling their villages in the suburbs of new towns.
However, by separating the villages and livestock herding
camps and moving such camps frequently, along with thecontinual communal use of rangeland and water resources,
and maintaining social institutions and cooperative relationships, they have successfully maintained high mobilityof livestock and the sustainable use of natural resources.
Furthermore, challenging new economic opportunities
and modern technology as well as practicing livelihood
diversification have improved their living conditions.
My current research focuses on the dynamics of continuity and change in pastoral subsistence among various
societies in Asia and Africa. By combining fieldwork withcomparative study, I am examining the sustainability of
nomadic pastoralism in the global age.

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4

Staff Research Interests

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Ono Keiko

Fujita Koichi

1 Japanese Colonial Settlements in Nan’yo (Pacific

1 Rural institutions and economic development inVisiting Professor

Islands, South-east Asia and Australia)

I

42

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics

ProfessorAsia
2 Dynamics of agriculrural and rural economies
and society in Asia
3 Socio-Economic issues in border areas in Asia

R

have been conducting research on Japanese towns built
in the Pacific from late in the nineteenth century to WorldWar II, mainly in Japanese Mandated Micronesia (Nan’yo
Gunto). Prior to this, in northern Australia and thePhilippines, early Japanese labor migrations underwrote
the introduction of new marine and plantation industries
in countries already under the control of European colonial
powers. At the same time, the sugar industry was developed successfully for the first time as a Japanese industry
in Taiwan, newly acquired by Japan. Consequently, in theMicronesian Islands, many new commercial and administrative centers were formed as the Japanese population
increased to nearly 100,000 at its peak (60 per cent of thispopulation hailed from Okinawa), far outnumbering the
local population.
In my research, I look at the origins, evolution
and special features of these Japanese towns based onmaps, photographs, contemporary texts and interviews
with elderly people, both local and Japanese, paticularly
Okinawans who remember life in these towns before
World War II. Where maps are not available and tracesof the urban structures are lost, I use aerial photographs
taken by the U.S. Navy during World War II prior to thebombings to create new maps. Recently, I have been conducting interviews with elderly people who lived in remoteareas outside of major towns in Micronesia.

ural institutions imply a variety of rural customs, organizations and systems such as family and social exchangesystem, labor organizations and customs, land system,
credit customs and organizations, organizations for irrigation, and so on. Rural institutions have been formed historically and are changing with different speed depending
upon the characteristics of each institution. My lifetime
research interest is to clarify how such rural institutions
and economic development are (or have been) interactingin Asia. A second research interest of mine is to clarify
the direction of socio-economic change and development
in contemporary rural Asia, with a focus on mainly India,
Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos and Thailand. My third
research interest is on the socio-economic dynamics inborder areas in Asia, with special emphasis on Myanmar
migrant workers in the border areas with Thailand.
Primary data collection and analysis through fieldwork is
my basic research method and style regardless of the concrete research topic.
My research topics at present include: 1) The transformation of rural economies in Bangladesh and India
under rapid urban-based economic development and the
newly emerging issue of income disparity; 2) Structure andtransformation of contemporary Myanmar economy, withspecial emphasis on rural economy; 3) Rural credit markets and the impacts of microfinance in Laos and South
India (Tamil Nadu); 4) Myanmar migrant workers in border areas with Thailand (Ranong and others).

Center of Garapan Town (Saipan) in 1944 (map drawn by K. Ono)

Settlement of Myanmar migrant workers at Ranong, South Thailand

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics

Sugihara Kaoru

Patricio N. Abinales

1 The East Asian miracle in global history
2 The history of intra-Asian trade
3 The relationship between the emergence of fos-

1 Middle class and elite violence in the Philippines
2 Mapping of the armed zones in the southern

Professor

Professor

Philippines

sil-fuel-based world economy and environmental degradation in historical perspective
4 A study of the historical path of humanospheresustainable development

3 Epidemics as a non-traditional security issue in

M

I

The Coast of Porbandar, Gujarat, India, which once prospered in Indian Ocean
trade, and remains of the ruler of the princely state

In the Thai-Burma-Laos bordery first project aims at a reinterpretation of global
economic history from the perspective of recent East andSoutheast Asian experiences. It is based on my understanding of the East Asian path of economic development(now published and debated internationally), and involves
a systematic treatment of regional and international historiographies.
Secondly, I have worked on the statistics of intraAsian trade for the period from 1800 to the present overthe last 30 years, to clarify the nature of western impact
and the role of regional trade in Asia’s economic development. It now needs to be synthesized in such a way that I
can point to very long-term trends.
Thirdly, I began working on the history of the emergence of a fossil-fuel-based world economy a few years
ago, with the use of available statistics. The current project is an attempt to relate it to environmental degradation,
especially deforestation in developing countries over thelast two centuries.
Finally, I am involved in an interdisciplinary investigation into the path of economic development in tropical
Asia and Africa, which is being carried out under the auspices of the Global COE Program. My role is to formulatea paradigm, which conceptualizes human and natural systems in the tropics, by critically reexamining assumptions
and categories made in temperate-zone developed countries, and suggesting a more comprehensive framework.

Southeast and East Asia

continue my research on middle class and elite violencein the Philippines even as I start research in two new areas:
mapping the armed zones in the southern Philippines
using advances in GIS technology combined with traditional maps; and epidemics, especially those caused byrodents, as a non-traditional security issue in Southeast
and East Asia. The first of these will hopefully provide
scholars, policy analysts, and peace groups a sense of what
is in store for communities in these areas when peace issigned between the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and thePhilippine government. The second will apply existing
medical, ecological, and agricultural approaches to studying rodents with public health and politics.

43

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Staff Research Interests

Japanese Visiting Scholar

Honna Jun

Wakimura Kohei

1 Civil-military relations in Indonesia
2 Party politics in Indonesia
3 Transnational crime and violence in Southeast

1 The global history of cholera pandemics inProfessor

Asia

I

have been working on politics in Indonesia. I am particularly interested in civil-military relations, party politics, security policies, and criminal power in process of
democratic transition. Why is it difficult to establish
democratic control of the military in post-authoritarianIndonesia? How do political parties and civilian politicians
compete for power, and how have party politics strengthened (and undermined) the country’s democratic institutions? In what ways has democracy changed the relationship between political and criminal sectors? My current
research aims to answer these questions. The results ofmy research have been published internationally, including Military Politics and Democratization in Indonesia(London: Routledge, 2003).
Along with Indonesian studies, My recent interest
also extends to non-traditional security issues in Southeast
Asia, particularly the development of transnational crimein the region. Being involved in various international
Track II projects, I am exploring policy initiatives for promoting effective regional cooperation in combating transnational organized crime in Southeast Asia. One of mycontributions in this area can be found in “Transnational
Crime and Human Insecurity in Southeast Asia,” Giorgio
Shani, et.al, Protecting Human Security in a Post-9/11
World: Critical and Global Insights (London: Palgrave
Macmillan, 2007).

44

Japanese Visiting Scholar

Professor

the 19th century
2 Famines and epidemics in modern South Asiaand their ecological conditions
3 Economic development and service sector inmodern South AsiaMy main research interest lies in studying socio-economic conditions in particular famines and epidemics inmodern South Asia. Specifically, I am interested in thefollowing three themes and have published several articles
and one book on them.
The first research theme is the worldwide cholera
pandemics of the 19th century, which were aggravatedby the rapid developments of traffic and trade networks.
They added momentum to formulate international standards for a quarantine system. At the moment, I am doingan analysis using papers and documents which are related
to the International Sanitary Conferences in the second
half of the 19th century in order to examine some issues
on the routes through which cholera travelled from India
over the Arabian Sea to the Arabian Peninsula or Persia
via ship.
The second theme is natural and ecological factors
triggering famines and epidemics. In a recently publishedarticle, I discussed the relationship between semi-arid
climate and explosive incidences of epidemics and serious
health hazards as a result of famines. Particularly, I havefocused upon malaria and cholera which seriously devastated British India in the second half of 19th century.
The third theme I have recently started to investigate
is the history of the service sector in modern South Asia.
I am interested in the service-sector-orientation in traditional South Asian economy. While labour absorption inagriculture was not so high in South Asia, rural economy
was labour-intensive, if we include proto-industry sector
and service sector. Although attention has focused on thelabour-intensive character of the proto-industry sector inrecent historiography, we still need to pay more attention
to the service sector.

Introduction of Anti-cholera Inoculation in Calcutta in Mar.
1894 (Source: Wellcom Library, London, UK)Japanese Visiting Scholar

Division of Information and Networks

Sekino Tatsuki

Shibayama Mamoru

1 Development of temporal information analysis

1 Humanities GIS in Southeast Asia, particularly inAF

Associate Professortool
2 Accumulation and distribution of basic temporal
information

lthough a spatiotemporal point of view is important
to link various types of information, there are few tools
and basic information available today for temporal information analysis. My recent research focuses on developing tools and accumulating basic information for temporal information analysis.
(1) Development of temporal information analysis tool:
There are few tools available to visually analyze temporal
information such as that included in geographic information systems (GIS), while GIS have been widely used invarious academic fields for spatial information analysis. I
developed a tool of software named HuTime (GT-Time)in some projects conducted by National Institute for the
Humanities and other research groups. HuTime is a toolthat allows temporal information to be visually analyzed,
and displays characteristic data as a chronological table
and numerical data as a chart along the same temporalaxis. HuTime not only includes a temporal analysis function, but also has the ability to analyze spatiotemporal datain conjunction with GIS tools.
(2) Accumulation and distribution of basic temporal
information: Basic chronological tables and a basic dictionary of common event names, such as World War II,
must be generated for temporal information analysis.
These types of necessary, basic information correspond tobasic maps and gazetteers for spatial information, respectively. Accumulation and distribution of these types ofbasic temporal data as well as the use of temporal tools
in conjunction with spatial tools is important to realize
analysis of true meaning to the term “spatiotemporal.”Temporal information analysis tool HuTime

Professor

Hanoi, Vietnam, and Ayutthaya, Thailand
2 Mapping maritime exchanges between
Southeast Asian countries and Japan
3 Information resource sharing for historical information in area studies

or more or less two decades, the major topic in myresearch has been the application of informatics to historical studies, particularly of the early modern period inJapan. My recent research focuses on the application of
Geo-informatics to historical, cultural, and archaeologicalstudies with emphasis on Southeast Asia. As can be seenfrom the utilization of Geographical Information Systems(GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) in such studies, geo-informatics is already being actively incorporated into advanced
research. However, the case studies, experiences, andresearch results that are currently available are insufficient.
Since these circumstance are important for both areastudies and informatics, the aim of my research is to work
to create and build up a new discipline — Area Informatics— which explores regional dynamics through synthetic
and holistic approaches based on geo-informatics in areastudies.

Special lecture on Hanoi urbanization in
Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam

Te m p l e m a p p i n g w i t h 3 Dmodeling in Khong Chiam,
Udon Rachathani

Theravada Buddhist Temple Survey in Ubon Rachathani, Thailand

45

4

Staff Research Interests

Division of Information and Networks

Ando Kazuo

Suzuki Reiji

1 Changes in agricultural technologies and the

1 Effects of swidden cultivation on long-term

Associate Professor

development of village societies in Southeast
and South Asia
2 People’s subjective participation in rural development projects by village communities, andlocal government learned through Practiceoriented Area Studies or Practice and Action
Research Area Studies in Asia and JapanI

46

Division of Information and Networks

Special Assistant Professorchange in forest soil and vegetation
2 Practical approaches to establishing the sustainable livelihoods of local communities

Mn the JICA participatory rural development projects
implemented from 1986 to the present in which I havebeen engaged in, I have tried to develop alternative
research methods that are suitable for rural development
and also applicable to area studies. One of these methods
foregrounds the standpoint and consciousness of persons
living in the study area. I call this study Practice-oriented
Area Studies or Action Research Area Studies. The other
JSPS, Toyota Foundation and ISS (Institute Sustainability
Science) projects for which I have taken a role as a principle
investigator, have also applied these methodologies as wellas the alternative concept for locally existing technologies
within which farmers have subjectively developed theirfarming technologies. My aim is to learn from the ruralsocieties of Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, Northeast India
including Assam and Arunachal Pradesh, Yunnan, andJapan (in particular Kyoto Prefecture), in order to seek
alternative options for farmers or villagers subjective agricultural and rural development in Japan and other Asian
countries.

y research has been focused on sustainable forest
resource use and forest soil management in Southeast
Asian countries. One of my recent research topics is theeffect of swidden cultivation on long-term changes in forest soil and vegetation.
My main research area is the Bago Mountains ofMyanmar, where traditional swidden cultivation withlong fallow periods is still practiced by the Karen people.
In combination with detailed field survey, geographicalinformation system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) techniques, land use history and fallow vegetation recovery
process have been analyzed to understand the rationalityof traditional swidden cultivation by the Karen people. In
this area, rapid recovery of bamboo-dominated forest isa key factor in maintaining swidden cultivation and our
research has shown that Karen people have made full useof that recovery. I have also started a comparative study innorthern Laos where swidden cultivation with short fallow
periods is practiced by Khmu people.
In addition to research in Southeast Asian countries,
I am trying to build up the sustainable livelihood of local
communities in Japan in collaboration with local people,
local government and NPO staffs. Especially, intentionalburning for making thatching plants in Kutsuki town
and slash-and-burn for swidden cultivation in Yogo town
are being focused on — to ascertain various indigenous
knowledge inherent in traditional livelihood practices.

Peanut harvest with cows under blue sky in Bagan, Myanmar

Burning for swidden cultivation in Yogo town, Shiga prefectureDivision of Information and Networks

Division of Information and Networks

Kitamura Yumi

Mario I. López

1 Library network and information sharing
2 Chinese Indonesian culture after 1998
3 Remigration of Chinese Indonesians

1 International Marriage as an expression of trans-

Assistant ProfessorM

y activities consist of two components: library management and research on Chinese in Indonesia.
1. Library networks and information sharing
My recent focus is on the establishment of library
networks and information sharing among related libraries
in Japan and Southeast Asia. In the past years, I have organized a group of Southeast Asian Studies related librarians in Japan. As a group, we compiled a “Bibliographyof Southeast Related Periodicals — United List in Japan”
to find out the availability of important titles in the areaof Southeast Asian Studies. We are trying to accumulate
more information on the availability of research resources
both in Japan and Southeast Asia.
2. Chinese Indonesian cultural identity
I have been conducting research on how ChineseIndonesians reconstruct their culture in the democratized Indonesia after the fall of long lasted authoritarianregime of Suharto. Due to the strong assimilation policy
enforced by Suharto, Chinese Indonesians culture andlanguage was not allowed to be represented in the publicsphere. However, the Chinese Indonesians seem to succeed in negotiating with the post-Suharto regime in thereconstruction of Chinese culture as part of “Indonesian
Culture.”3. Remigration of Chinese Indonesians
In addition to the studies I have been conducting on
the contemporary issues on Chinese Indonesian culture, Iam currently trying to expand my research to the historicalbackground of Chinese Indonesia namely the remigration ofthem to China and Hong Kong in the 1950s and 1960s.

With an informant on Bangka Island

Assistant Professor

national relations
2 The role of religion in supporting immigrant
workers overseas
3 Introduction and transfer of alternative notionsof care and relatedness in transnational relationsA

t present, it is estimated that between 185 to 192 million people reside outside of their home countries. My primary research interest lies in what gives support to people
who cross borders and enter into transnational marriages
and how they express themselves as individuals or throughfamily and community. My second interest is the role ofreligion and the power it exercises not only within the intimate sphere of immigrant’s relations with their partners,
but also their interactions within the public sphere. My
current research focuses on how not only language, but the
body is employed as a powerful focal point in creating andnegotiating mutual narratives as an expression of transnational relations and immigrant’s religious identities. I am
also interested in how immigrants introduce alternative
notions of relatedness and care into their host society andthe broader implications that this may have on how thehost society views immigrants and the potential that they
carry to effect change at a micro-level.

An effigy of the Virgin Mary on her way to a Rosary Prayer
session at a local migrant gathering47

4

Staff Research Interests

Division of Information and Networks

Kitani Kimiya

Yonezawa Go

1 Possibility of information transmission utilizing

1 Construction of 3-D geologic model of Hanoi

A

H

Assistant Professor

Special Researcher

open source software
2 Availability of prevention system for information
securityn important keyword in area studies is communication with and in the information technology field.
Although the field has rapidly evolved, the use of the latest
technology is still difficult in the context of area studies fieldwork. Since I arrived at the Center, I have been
improving the on-site support system, such as video conferencing. In addition to this I have been doing researchsupport as a hub between information technology andarea studies. My activities always change with the times
through the evolution of information society. My presentinterests are the following.
1. The possibility of information transmission
Since the Global COE program (G-COE) started up,
I have sought a sustainable system by trying various system constructions and developments utilizing Blog, Wiki,
CMS and Portal site technology. As a result of the active
promotion of cooperation among industry, academia,
and government, some trials have succeeded, such as the
G-COE HP. From now, I would like to seek an more effective approach for an information transmission system forboth system administrators and editors.
2. The availability of prevention system information
security
Recently, information security compliance has beenstrictly requested due to the constant evolution of theinformation society. However, most people are not literate
in information security. The implementation of information security contradicts research activities (especially, inSoutheast Asia). Therefore, it is very difficult to promotechanges and raise awareness of the issue. At present I am
also researching the availability and sustainability of systems that can be managed more efficiently while considering cost performance.
Finally, I have established a basic system forvideo conferencing in 2007, initiating remote lectures
over video conferencing between some universities inIndonesia, Malaysia,
and Vietnam. These
started in 2008 under
the project of Kyoto
Sustainability Ini-tiative.
Technical transfer of a videoconferencing system at LIPI,
Indonesia on Apr. 29, 200948

Division of Information and Networks

City, Vietnam
2 Spatial distribution of land subsidence in
Hanoi City, Vietnam, using GIS and RS

anoi City is located in a flood plain on the Red River
where the average elevation is less than 10 meters. In thiscity, where people depend on the groundwater to sustain
life, the recent rapid increase of population is increasing demand for groundwater as well. This has caused aremarkable and serious land subsidence over the wholeurban area. To comprehend what happens around a serious land subsidence area, it is necessary to understand the
distribution of groundwater in the subsurface structure.
Because 3-D geologic modeling is useful for solving thiskind of problem, I aim to introduce this technique intoarea studies and propose to establish this method as a special analysis using area informatics. The linked research
between the subsurface information and above groundinformation will become a new type of knowledge in areastudies.

Example of visualization of DEM of Hanoi City, Vietnam

Division of Information and Networks

Division of Information and Networks

Masuda Gaku

Imakita Tetsuya

1 Visual methods for field science
2 Multidisciplinary approaches to malaria con-

1 Historical change in the utilization of mountain

Special Researcher

trol study

3 Muslim network study

I

Special Researcher

forest, bush and grassland and its regional differences
2 Restoration of the traditional utilization ofmountain forests, bush and grassland in westernand northern parts of Lake Biwa
3 Rehabilitation of secondary forest dominated by
Quercus trees and the reconstruction of sustainable livelihood.

I

have worked upon developing a variety of visual methods applicable to field science and ultimately aiming atenriching it. Among these methods, I have developed (1)a portable remote conference system, (2) a self-poweredinternet connection extender, (3) a virtual realization system of the fieldwork experience through 3D/4D modelingusing easy-to-use GIS, and (4) a system allowing the making of immersive panoramic movie/photography.
Such visual methods are also applied to and developed through my fieldwork concerning malaria study andMuslim network study.
Malaria study: A research team consisting of pathogenic-microbiologists, mathematical epidemiologists, andsocial anthropologists have been brought together to workon a multidisciplinary approach to transnational flows andmovements of pathogens and disease, using fieldwork in amalaria-infected borderland area, epidemiological data on
malaria occurrence, microbiological laboratory analysis,
and GIS analysis. My research topic is malaria forecast ina macro/micro area.
Muslim network study: Apart from the above
research, I have also been focusing on Muslim education
networks in Southeast Asia. I have especially studied pondok, which are small religious communities where people
voluntarily go to practice and study Islam in Malay society.
My research topic focuses on the migration patterns (fromone pondok to another) of Muslim pilgrims involved in a
pondok. The motivations of migration and their historicalshifts with their correlations to the emergence and demiseof Islamic study communities are my main concerns.

have been interested in the close relationship between
local people, mountain forests, bush and grassland, whichwere commonly observed during the 1950’s to 1960’s
in Japan. Through group surveys in Harihata valley inKustuki which is located at the headwater area of Lake
Biwa, I have been able to shed light on the rich livelihoodsof mountain peasants.
I have paid attention to the fact that their rich livelihoods were partly produced from intentional burning in
the mountains. Thus, I have planned a field experiment
to reveal the significance of intentional burning from theview points of fire ecology and biodiversity. Through thisexperiment, I would like to seek the method to reevaluate
and rehabilitate the bush and grassland.
In particular, I will try to recover the grassland called“Kayadaira” and scrub forest called “Hotorayama” throughintentional burning and the planting of Quercus trees. My
research fields are located in Imazu and Kutsuki in westernside of Lake Biwa and Yogo on northern part of the lake.
These areas are regions of heavy snows and in origin, there
have been rich in flora. I would like to pursue practicalresearch to establish sustainable livelihoods in collaboration with local people living around the research fields.

On a malaria field research trip. Visiting villages where epidemics broke out.
Photo taken in Sarawak, Malaysia 2009

Intentional burning of daylily fields by Muku River: Men transfer fire between
torchwood. (Takashima City).

49

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Staff Research Interests

Division of Information and Networks

Harada Sanae

Kawarabayashi Hiroshi

1 The use of natural common pool resouces (CPR)

1 The rebuilding of the connection of “people,

Special Researcher

or commons in rural areas
2 The instituions and incentives analysis regarding“Wise” use of natural resources

T

50

Division of Information and Networks

Special Researcher

woods, rivers and cities“ in the Hozu River(the Katsura River) basin by utilizing the “raft“ asa symbolThere are areas which are recognised as “areas for everyone” such as forests, pasture lands, areas around agricultural lands, river, banks, and ponds. Even if someone
owns a forest or a pasture land, sometimes others haverights to use or harvest some specific resouces in the area.
For example, common in England and Iriai in Japan are
representative examples for use of communal natural
resouces. These are known as “Commons” or “local commons” where the sustainable use of natural resouces which
residents in local area use and manage communally, areinstitutions in their own right.
Why do local people communally use such a natural
resouces? One answer may be that it is rational for everyone to use and manage areas communally. The scale offorest may be so large that communal use and management can reduce management cost per capita. Communal
mangement may also operate as a security net for local societies. Even if local residents do not have economic rationality, they may choose the commons due to attachment in
the local area and respect for local traditions. I would liketo examine the reasons why people choose commons as aresource management, the role of community, and the useof sustainable resources use and management.

he Hozu River (the Katsura River) which flowed
through the Tanba area in Kyoto was used as a means
to carry supplies into Kyoto and Osaka by raft and ship,
and the life of basin inhabitants had a close relation withthe river. The river was introduced as a beauty spot in
the Meiji period by British photographer, H.G.Ponting,and its beautiful scenery has been maintained since then.
However, the Hozu River faces various problems such as
the illegal dumping of garbage, the mass outbreak of garbage drifting ashore, water pollution and the decrease of
aquatic creatures. Is this an outcome of the recent attenuations of the connections with basin inhabitants and theriver? I want to rebuild the connection of “people, woods,
rivers and cities” of the basin around the symbol of the“raft” which was at the vanguard of supplies transportation connecting the basin area. Therefore, I am investigating traditional technologies, culture, manners andcustoms of raft persons and other local people who have
lived off the agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry inorder to reconstitute “the memory” of the former relationship between “people, woods, rivers and cities” and obtain“wisdom” that can be utilized for rebuilding present connections. In addition, a consortium of local government,
forest workers, river workers, various citizen’s groups,
companies, and educational institutes has been formed
by deepening the interchange within the basin throughevents revolving around the theme of “raft.” In addition, I
am analyzing ways to establish local wood production for
local wood consumption, rehabilitate the river’s richness innature, and rebuild intergenerational relations.

Visiting a Village TA Mwadzama Nkhotakota District, Malawi (Nippon
International Cooperation for Rural Development )Travelling down by raft in “the Hozu River raft revival project 2009” performed
on Sep. 9, 2009

Division of Information and Networks

Division of Information and Networks

Shimada Nahoko

Masuda Kazuya

1 Fisherman’s perspective on lake Biwa
2 The Narezushi made from the local fish in the

1 The transformation of customary land use underSpecial Researcher

Special Researcher

3 The characteristics of the location of Shinto

the social change in rural and mountain areas ofIndonesia and Japan
2 Practice-oriented area studies for revitalizing
communities in rural and mountain area withlocal resource and interaction with urban area

L

I

“Eri” The traditional fishing in the Lake Biwa

Red turnip is a main crop of the swidden cultivation in Yogo, northeast part of
Shiga, Japan.

lake Biwa
shrinesake Biwa faces environmental problems, of which a
serious one is the invasion of foreign fish. Many people
and parties have been struggling to solve this problem.
However, there seems to exist a clear discrepancy amonggroups concerned. For instance, Shiga prefecture propagates that “catch and eat” is important to diminish thefish population. On the other hand, a fisherman, whom I
know, insists “Don’t eat foreign fish: just kill them!” A similar contrast can be seen in the following slogans. The former says “Lake Biwa is our common property. Let’s work
together to keep our lake clean,” where as my acquaintancesays “this is my property, my yard! I cannot rely on otherpeople. I must protect my yard by my self.” What my primary research interest lies in is studying the real meaningof “directly concerned parties.” What I want to do is look
into and understand the perspective of fishermen toward
the lake. This I will do by following them to their fishing
spots and by joining them fermenting Funazushi fish.

have conducted field research in an inland Malay village in central Sumatra, Indonesia. Villagers have used theland for swidden cultivation, gathering forest products, andhunting according to custom. In addition to customaryland use, the land, which is engraved with historical eventsand memories of groups or individuals, implies an irreplaceable sense of place for villagers. In this area, the rapid
expansion of commercial logging, oil palm plantation, andindustrial reforestation have made a crucial impact on land
use among villagers since the latter 1980s, and caused land
conflict between the state and localities, or within village
communities. My interest is 1) the transformation of land
use and customary institution in social change, and 2) thereconstruction of the sense of place within this context.
In addition to these studies, I started research in villages of the mountain area in the northern part of Shiga
prefecture, Japan. In this area until the middle of the
1960s, many villagers practiced slash and burn for cultivating forest and for maintaining grasslands. Focusing on theslash and burn system, I am recording the local knowledge
and traditional techniques of forest use and reconstruct
the ecological history of this area with documents, interview with villagers, and participant-observation of cultivation. In the last three decades, the mountainous areas ofJapan has been suffering from problems of depopulationand the devastation of forests is owing to a national policyof industrialization and the dull market of local forestry.
My research examines the cultural and ecological featuresof this area and tries to search for ways to revitalize communities through making use of them.

51

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Staff Research Interests

Division of Information and Networks

Division of Information and Networks

Fujii Miho

Yamane Yusuke

1 Local people’s wisdom and public river

1 Climatology of severe local storms over theH

T

Visiting Researcher

management

istorically, the river embankments in a farming village
in the lower reaches of the Yasu River in Moriyama City,
Shiga Prefecture suffered from frequent collapse due totyphoons that caused so much damage in the area.
In 1953, the people in the village petitioned the government for the construction of an infrastructure to manage river flooding. This resulted in the completion of adrainage canal on the Yasu river in 1979.
This project was the last of the five large drainage
canal projects in Japan after the World War II. It is similar
to dam projects that require a large area of land for the
resettlement of affected residents, and the construction ofrelated infrastructures and facilities.
The rice field area known as the “grain belt” wasdestroyed by the construction of the drainage canal. This
area consisted of land inherited from generations of pastancestors. The destruction of the drainage canal led somepeople in the area to abandon agricultural work altogether.
What this case shows is that the use of river waterby the local people who have been using the river for generations and the public management of the river can be
mutually exclusive, benefiting as well as simultaneously
disadvantage the local people.
Local perspectives on community life, including the
local wisdom of “working together,” are necessary in overcoming this kind of conflict. I aim to study these issues
using the Yasu river drainage canal construction project asa case study.

Researcher (Research Collaboration Promotion Organization)

northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent
2 Meteorological conditions of severe local
storms over the northeastern part of the Indian
subcontinent
3 Disasters of severe local storms over the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent
he northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent experiences a high frequency of severe local storms. Local
storms are severe and local meteorological phenomena
such as tornados produce high winds, hail, lightning andheavy rain on the surface. Therefore, severe local storms
cause huge damage to life and property. For example, atornado on May 13, 1996 in Bangladesh caused the deathof about 700 and injured over 30,000. Severe local storms
concentrated in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent during the pre-monsoon season (from March
to May). Our research shows that thermal instability andthe difference of winds between the lower layer and middle
layer in the atmosphere, which are important ingredientsfor the generation of severe local storms, significantly
increase in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, especially in Bangladesh, during the pre-monsoon
season with a peak in April. Moreover, our research clarifies meteorological conditions on severe local storm daysin Bangladesh. On severe local storm days, the southerly
wind intensifies and is accompanied by a large amount ofwater vapor from the Bay of Bengal in the lower layer of
the atmosphere. In addition, cold air intrudes from thenorthwestern side in the middle layer of the atmosphere.
Therefore, thermal instability is increasing on severe local
storm days in Bangladesh. I am also attempting to clarify
damage property caused by severe local storms on thebasis of field surveys.

Mr. A, a resource personfrom the local community,
explains the agriculturaldrainage system. Mr. A,
84 years old, was born andraised in the Yasu River areain Moriyama city.

52

Tornado damage on Apr. 14 in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The tree wasuprooted by the tornado.

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Hasuda Takashi

Watanabe Kazuya

1 Political history of Vietnam in the early modern

1 Activation of the rural ecology by artificial

I

M

Researcher (Research Collaboration Promotion Organization)

period2 International commerce and state craft in themaritime Asian hisitory

have been studying Vietnamese political history fromthe view point of the Early Modern World History. The
early modern period is one of the most important watersheds in the history of human beings. Under the first
Globalization during this period, increased mobilities ofhuman, comodities, and information run through theglobe, then they give rise to multi-ethnic, multi-national,
and multi-lingal societies all around the world. A floodof silver from beyond the seas washed away the Ming
dynasty in China and Europeans competed with eachother in Eastern Indonesian islands that are extremely far
from their home. It is also an age when seas tied various
regions closely.
Former norms and standards are shaken, people try
to find and build new order. From the late-16th to mid-17th centuries, this task was borne by new states or new powers with their rise and fall such as Tokugawa Shogunate,
Qing empire, Zheng family in Taiwan, the later Ayuthaya,Nyaunyan Burma, Post-Angkor Cambodia, or Spanish
Philippines and VOC. The later Le dynasty which is my
subject is one of them. By looking at how each region andsociety confronted these torrents, almost all of what we area part of now is considered to be “traditional” and arose
through trial and error. My current reseach is taking place
within this context.

Researcher (Research Collaboration Promotion Organization)intervention
2 Response relations between a community and alocal biosphere
3 Ecological management

y main research interest lies in assessing the potentiality of ecological resources involving regional humanactivities. Regions have established various basic environments for habitation within the atmosphere, geosphereand hydrosphere. With various creatures inhabiting various basic environments for habitation, a variety of regional
lifestyles exist through the utilization of these ecologicalresources. While human involvement in the environmentis often discussed in a negative way through field surveys
performed up to now, I feel a regional ecosystem withhuman involvement has the potential for better adaptability. My research interests cover the following area.
— How does human involvement have an impact on whole
regional ecosystem?
— What kind of social contexts lie behind human involvement?
— What kind of ecosystem service do regional ecosystems
provide us?
— What are regions?
These questions I am trying to answer throughcontinuous research in the littoral region of Southern
Thailand, and in mountainous streams or inland water
regions in Japan.

Gorge, rapid stream,
and a man

A will carved on copper plates in the mid-17th century

Oyster Culture Area in Bandon bay, Thailand

53

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Staff Research Interests

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Watanabe Kazuo

Ishizaka Shinya

1 Land use analysis using GIS/RS
2 Clarifying agricultural developing process in

1 Global history of environmental thought andResearcher (Research Collaboration Promotion Organization)

Researcher (Research Collaboration Promotion Organization)

3 Integration of inter disciplinary field surveyed

environmental movements
2 Social movements in modern South Asia
3 Gandhism in contemporary India

R

I

Famer walks in paddy field at sunset

A sectional meeting for dam issues at the consultation for the “Save Western
Ghats Movement” in Feb. 2009 at Goa

rain-fed village, Northeast Thailand

information into time-spatial GIS database

ecently, Southeast Asian countries have developed rapidly through economic development which has resulted
in agricultural societies shifting to industrialization. This
has resulted in drastic change in the social, economical
and agricultural situations of rural areas.
My research interest is to understand the developing
process of agricultural activities in rural areas. Looking
back on Japan’s economic development process, the interest in agriculture has steadily declined. Furthermore,Southeast Asian countries, are worried about the decline of
agricultural sustainability damaged by economic growth,too. “Will agricultural activity decline like Japan?” And “ifagricultural areas expand other processes, what are theirconditions or mechanisms?” My research hopes to clarify
these issues.
I have been conducting research in a rain-fed village
in Northeast Thailand, whose agricultural activity has
adapted to severe rain conditions and continuously cultivates rice for household consumption. Through, long terminter disciplinary fieldwork, I have obtained and integrated
information which has allowed me to recognize mechanisms used for maintaining agricultural activity during
economic growth in Thailand.

54

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

have been engaged in research on environmental movements in north India since 2003. How do people from various backgrounds join environmental movements? How
is it possible for local people to cooperate with outsiders
in cities who have general environmental concerns? What
are the conditions for non-stakeholders to participate inan environmental movement? In cases such as the Chipko
movement (forest protection movement) and the anti-Tehri
dam movement in the Uttarakhand region in north India
in 1970s and 80s, Gandhian social activists in the localities played a crucial role in mediating various actors suchas scientists, engineers, activists, journalists and artists.
Those Gandhians, who tried to inherit M. K. Gandhi’s
dream of realizing a non-violent society by engaging insocial works at the grassroots levels, who on one hand
attracted and magnetized various people through theirown peculiar forms of self-sacrifice and self-purifying acts
such as fasts or foot-marches. On the other, they always
kept in touch with the current of global environmentalism:
cosmopolitanism was also a Gandhian tradition.
My recent concern is to locate the case studies innorth India in wider perspectives of: (1) a global history of environmental thought and environmental movements; (2) social movements in modern south Asia and;
(3) Gandhism in contemporary India. Especially for thesecond and the third purposes, I started conducting fieldresearch on the “Save Western Ghats Movement” in south
India since 2008 for a comparative analysis.

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics

Yamamoto Sota

Nagaoka Shinsuke

1 Ethnobotany of genus Capsicum (especially

1 Economic theory of Fiqh al-Muamalat (Islamic“W

T

Traditional alchole (duai tam) of Nha Heun in southern Laos (2007)

Dubai Islamic Bankin the United ArabEmirates which is theoldest commercial
Islamic bank in theworld established in
1975

Researcher (Research Collaboration Promotion Organization)

C. frutescens)
2 Plants used in traditional alchole producing process (koji etc.)
3 Domestication of plants

hy do people use chili peppers?” Chili peppers(genus Capsicum) were domesticated in Central and SouthAmerica and were introduced into Asia before the sixteenth
century. I have been studying distribution, dispersal routes
and domestication of Capsicum frutescens in Southeast
and East Asia linguistically, botanically, and ethnically.
People in Southeast and East Asia use Capsicum in various ways, not only as a condiment but also as vegetable, as
medicine, as colorant, as punishment, in popular beliefs, inagricultural rituals, in taboos, and in rice malt. I am currently engaged in ethnobotanical research on why people inSoutheast and East Asia use Capsicum in various ways.
I found that accessions of C. frutescens from the
Ryukyu Islands in Japan are closely related to thosefrom Taiwan, the Batanes Islands in the Philippines, andIndonesia because they have a rare isozyme pattern, theshikimate dehydrogenase phenotype B, which is not foundin continental regions of Southeast Asia. To elucidate thedispersal and distribution of C. frutescens in Southeast
and East Asia, it is necessary to survey distribution of theshikimate dehydrogenase phenotype B isozyme pattern inthe continental region. However, there is little information
on local nomenclature, detailed usage and genotypes ofCapsicum in Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar; my recent
hot study areas.
It is also known that Capsicum peppers are usedas material to produce rice malt or in rituals to produce
rice malt or fermented rice in Southeast and East Asia.
However, it is unknown whether and how these techniques originated in one place and were dispersed to otherregions, or whether they originated in many places orcultures. I would like to collect the data of these uses ofCapsicum in Southeast Asia to reveal that question.

JSPS Fellow

transactions law)
2 Diversity of historical and current Islamic financepractice
3 Historical impact of Islamic economic system
4 Entangled relationships between modern capitalism and Islamic economic system

he motivation underlying my research is to reconsider
modern capitalism and certain types of economic theory
that comprise a pre-established harmonic framework. “To
reconsider” does not refer to merely superficial criticism
that is similar to the grumbling of a loser, but polyphonicand internal criticisms from historical and comparative
perspectives by utilizing the framework of economics itself.
Islamic finance in the modern world is not only amovement of reconstruction and innovation aimed at a
new type of financial system in accordance with Islamicteachings, but also an attempt to reconsider modern capitalism and economics both theoretically and practically.
However, most works in existing literature, which is called“Islamic economics,” have not necessarily achieved theoriginal purpose of criticizing modern capitalism such thatmodern economists can fully understand their argument.
Advancing their works with my underlying motivation, my
research focuses on both the theory and practice of Islamic
finance, and launches a new methodology toward criticizing modern capitalism and economics both polyphonicallyand internally. This methodology is called “Islamic economic studies” beyond “Islamic economics.”
As a concrete project, my current research focus
under the methodology of “Islamic economic studies” isto read several texts of Fiqh al-Muamalat (Islamic transactions law) related to Islamic finance, and to clarify thedistinctive feature of the Islamic economic system frommodern capitalism. Further, my project aims to explain
this salient feature in terms of economics. While thisresearch seems to be very hackneyed, it is essential because
it will provide us with a good opportunity to reconsider theuniversality of modern capitalism and the pre-establishedharmonic economic theory.

55

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Staff Research Interests

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Hamamoto Satoko

Fukushima Maki

1 Socio-economic dynamics among fishing com-

1 Characteristics in plant diversity managed in

I

S

Traditional wooden sailing boat from an island goes out for fishing against thebackground of a modern seafront.

A swidden cultivation field in the mountainous areas of Northern Thailand.
Villagers do not cultivate forests near streams.

Researcher (Scientific Research)

munities in the Makassar Straits underIndonesia’s Regional Autonomy Policy
2 Distribution of the hand-woven textiles among
the Bugis-Makassarese in the Wallacea Area
3 Socio-religious interaction among the Bugis, theMakassar and the Chinese people in south
Sulawesi
have conducted anthropological research on economic,
cultural and religious aspect of the everyday life of thepeople in South Sulawesi, Indonesia since 1995. Especially,
participatory-observation research from the viewpointof the Spermonde Archipelago, which straddles South
Sulawesi and East Kalimantan, has been my main concern.
The south end of the Straits faces the historical port towns
of East Java, while the opposite end of this maritime area
faces the international boundaries of Malaysia and thePhilippines. The Spermonde Archipelago is not a large
nor historically famous area, however, if we look into the
dynamics of its everyday life, the interactions of the area
can be surprising. The Makassar Straits, South Sulawesi,
and its famously highly-mobile population are still major
keywords to be observed and clarified in order to understand the social, economic, cultural and religious transformation and diversity of the entire area of eastern Indonesia
under the Regional Autonomy Policy.

56

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Researcher (G-COE)

swidden cultivation ecosystems in SoutheastAsia
2 Evaluation of human-managed ecosystems inSoutheast Asia and Japanwidden cultivation, also known as shifting cultivation,is still practiced by many people in the mountainous areasof Southeast Asia. I have been studying the plant diversity
in patchy forest cover ranging from undisturbed forest to
various ages of regrowth around two villages in northern
Thailand and one village in Myanmar. The comparative
study conducted in the villages revealed that secondary
fallow forests exhibited commonality within the vast variety of potential vegetation: 1) increase of fire-tolerant species; 2) differentiation of plant species depending on land
use history; and 3) creation of habitats for short-living pioneer species. Swidden farmers use a variety of plant species
appearing in fallow forests of various ages. More species
were used for food and tools in young secondary fallow
forests within the swidden cultivation cycle. However,forest succession after the cessation of swidden cultivation
clearly alters the availability of plant resources.
Currently I am working in the mountainous areasof Shimane prefecture, Japan. Because of the remoteness and “difficulty” in living, together with the reduced
opportunities for income generation, a considerable
amount of out-migration occurred since the 1960s.
Many cultivated areas have been abandoned since then.
In addition, the decline in domestic timber prices has
resulted in the abandonment of plantation areas. Dataon the history, culture, agriculture, environment, historical relationships of local people and natural resources arebeing collected with local people, in order to reexamine
the attractive potential resources in the area and identify
appropriate forest management plans in the area.

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics

Division of Information and Networks

Alam Abul Hasan

Tsunashima Hiroyuki

1 Temporal and spatial distribution of various cli-

1 Poverty alleviation for small-scale farmers who

Researcher (G-COE)

matic and hydrologic features
2 Hydrologic modeling of surface runoff, groundwater recharge and surface-subsurface flow
3 Effect of above features on crop distribution andhuman living in areas of water scarcityT

he livelihood of rural people in most developing countries largely depends on agriculture that requires natural
water resources. Bangladesh is such a developing country
in Asia. It is a land of much water and also a land of water
scarcity. Although it has a satisfactory average of annual
rainfall the event is very seasonal. Hence, rural people facea serious water scarcity in the dry season for their agricultural production and even for drinking. Usually, rain-fed
and irrigated agriculture follows from the wet and dry season, respectively. In the area where groundwater is used inirrigation, farmers suffer very much for water because thewater table declines in dry periods.
I have developed a distributed rainfall-runoff model
which consists of two submodels. A soil moisture submodel simulates runoff process considering various physical phenomena (e.g. rainfall, evapotranspiration, infiltration, etc.) and a tank submodel which subsequently
transforms the generated runoff into discharge. On thebasis of the first component of the model, some areas
where rainfall is comparatively lower could be specified toutilize excess runoff water as an effective way in agricultural production. The spatial distribution of climatic features will be determined by interpolation with an inverse
squared distance weighting of the data observed points.
Using the second component, groundwater recharge andtheir flow will be estimated. This information will help us
manage some groundwater aquifers to mitigate irrigationand drinking water problems. As a G-COE member, I am
going to apply the model in Bangladesh. Our findings onwater management hope to improve rural life, agricultural
production and the economy.

Farmers are harvesting rice from a rain-fed rice field.

Researcher (Scientific Research)wish to continue cultivation in the areas lessfavored for agricultural development
2 The use of natural resources in order to maintainfarming systems or mitigate the risks inseparable from the introduction of modern agricultural technologies
3 What can we learn from practices of small-scale
farmers in “developing” countries?

I

have been investigating into the farming systems of
the Koya people, an ethnic minority in India. They have
lagged behind mainstream agricultural development due
to unfavorable geographic conditions. However, I havefound their farming practices to be a result of their own
efforts, which can be an alternative to the mainstream andapplicable for marginalized farmers worldwide.
The farming system of the Koya people comprises a
combination of traditional cropping systems with NTFP
trade or a new cash cropping system. The traditional
cropping systems include two risk-reducing strategies.
The first one is the inundation of paddy fields that enabled
fertilization without fear of pest outbreak. Manuring withlivestock dung is a form of the use of plants grown in grazing lands. The second one is modest fertilization of uplandfields as ex-ante strategies against pest outbreak. With
the adoption of chemical fertilizers in modest amounts,
NTFP trade plays a significant role for raising funds. The
new chili cash cropping system with fertilizers in a large
amount accompanied the use of underflow water for lift
irrigation and provisional proletarianization as an ex-post
income smoothing strategy. The introduction of modern
inputs depends on the markets of natural resources such as
lands, underflow water and several NTFPs. Mainstream
agricultural research considered it difficult to utilize thosenatural resources. Without
any connections with outsiders, these natural resources
could not be valuable or mobilized. However, my researchshows that the Koya people
also importantly utilize theirconnection with outsiders.
Above: A weekly market the Koya people
usually visit. There were 170 shops at thetime the photo was taken.
Middle: Palmyra (Borassus flabellifer) leaves
are sold to the local affluent farmers who
cultivate tobacco. These palmyra leaves
are used for construction of temporary
sheds to dry tobacco harvests.
Below : The Koya farmers commonly
fertilize their paddy fields using their own
cattle; after the harvest, they keep theirown cattle in corrals during the night. The
cattle tread on the dung they deposit,
crushing it. The farmers move the corrals
every few days to fertilize the entire plot.

57

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Staff Research Interests

Division of Information and Networks

Division of Information and Networks

Yajima Kichiji

Mushiake Etsuo

1 Practical area studies on participatory rural

1 Livelihood of people and dynamism of multi-

AS

Researcher (Academic Research Promotion)

development in developing countries in Asia
2 Community museum of culture, tradition andindigenous knowledge
3 People oriented participatory community developments a member of both joint study and implementation
teams on rural development projects in Bangladesh, I
have developed an alternative community development
approach called the “Link Model.” This approach bridges
the gap between village communities and service providers,such as local government, administration, and NGOs, andhas demonstrated effectiveness in encouraging community
people to participate in rural development processes.
Present development paradigms, which make toomuch of the modernization of rural livelihood and economic growth, tend not only to undervalue but also toignore culture, tradition, and indigenous knowledge accumulated in the community through generations. This
discourages people from continuing to live in the community and weakens and destroys the functions of rural communities and the unity of people. Unless these tendencies
are reversed, people will continue to migrate from rural
to urban areas, hence undermining the sustainability ofrural livelihoods. My current interest is in searching foran alternative rural development paradigm that encourages people to live together in the community spiritually
as well as economically. A proposed community museumthat conserves indigenous knowledge and technologies atthe community level through local participation might bea possible solution.

Researcher (Academic Researcher Promotion)

ethnic communities in Laos
2 The cultures and lifestyles of villages as sung in
the Khap Lam songs of Laos
3 Rural development utilizing indigenous knowledge and skill in Laos

ince my first journey all over Laos began in 1990, I havebeen interested in the livelihood and culture of the Laopeople, especially in the interaction between people andnature. The concepts of Thammasat (nature, natural) andLabop (system) may be an important key to understanding
the way of life and livelihood of Lao people.
In recent years, I feel the need to understand their
way of thinking, view of nature, view of the world and history consciousness. At present I am analyzing the words
and lyrics of Lao storytelling song Khap Lam, I by myself,
participating the Khap Lam performances as a Khaen (Laomouth organ) player.
To understand my favorite people, communities andarea, I would like to not only carry out my area studies academically but also participate in various local rural development activities and cultural events.

Lao Traditional Tools
Fa r m e r s M u s e u m ,Faculty of Agriculture,
National University of
Laos

Traditional Tools at Lao Traditional
Tools Farmers Museum
All night Lam Siphandon performance at a funeral (Jan. 2008)

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Division of Information and Networks

Library
Since its establishment in 1968, the CSEAS libraryhas been a most essential foundation in the promotion ofresearch activities in the field of Southeast Asian studies. As
the result of ongoing collection development focusing on
academic publications on Southeast Asia, the library holds
over 165,000 items (as of Mar. 2009) and assures access byboth domestic and overseas patrons through its open accesspolicy and reference services. Especially in the past 10
years, the library has shifted its aim from functioning as arather closed institutional library to establishing a regional
information stronghold for Southeast Asian Studies in
Asia. Three factors have supported the sustainable development of this information stronghold. The first was thecontribution of large-scale research grants to the goal oflibrary acquisition. Between 1983 and 2002, the acquisition
program focused on Indonesia and Thailand, and the subsequent Center of Excellence projects — “Making Regions:Proto-Areas, Transformations, and New Formations in
Asia and Africa” (1998-2002), the 21st Century COE Project“Aiming for COE of Integrated Area Studies,” and Global
COE Program “In Search of Sustainable Humanosphere”(2007-2011) — have vastly expanded the countries andtypes of materials targeted for acquisition. The second factor was the incorporation of the library into the division ofArea Informatics, which made it possible to promote information sharing in both multi-language and multi-media
settings with the application of information technology.
Finally, the foundation of the Graduate School of Asian and
African Area Studies (ASAFAS) in 1998 redefined activities
from that of a pure research-oriented library to a more education oriented library in terms of collection development
and user education.
http://www.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/library/index_en.htm

No. of Books Acquired during FY 1999-2008 (volumes)
volumes

195,400

200,000
Other Langages*CJK

175,000
150,000

121,043

125,000
100,000

135,404

143,571

158,384 161,869

150,128

165,957
138,998

169,995
135,365
132,600

125,373

97,245 102,515

119,446
111,930
97,63775,00050,000Distribution of Collection by Language

79,81675,33825,000021,907 22,699 23,406 23,474 24,125 24,755 25,405 25,784 26,504 26,959
1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

*CJK stands for Chinese, Japanese and Korean*In FY 2004, CSEAS temporality accepted the transferred books for Center for Integrated Area
Studies, Kyoto University

Year

Language

Volume%Thai

23,10040.12

Indonesian languages

20,20035.04

Vietnamese

8,900

15.45

Burmese

1,800

3.2

Indian languages

1,300

2.32

Filipino

1,200

2.18

Malay

400

0.71

Lao

400

0.7

Khmer

150

0.25

Arabic

22

0.04

Total

57,472100*Based on the data input to the Online Catalog by
the FY 2007

Special Collections
Charas Collection

A personal collection of a Thai government officer,
Mr. Charas Pikul, consisting of 9,000 volumes of monographs. The outstanding feature of the Charas Collection
is 4,000 volumes of cremation volumes “Nagsue Ngan
Sop.” Cremation volumes are a unique form of publicationin Thailand, usually published on the occasion of cremation rites of an important figure. Cremation volumes not
only include information on the deceased person, but also
selected texts of various genres. The cremation volumes
in the Charas Collection are considered the largest collection of such volumes outside Thailand.

Charas Collection

Reference
Sivaraks, Marasri. Catalog of Thai cremation volumes in the
Charas collection, the Center for Southeast Asian Studies
Library, Kyoto University. Kyoto: Center for Southeast AsianStudies, Kyoto University, 1989.

59

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Division of Information and Networks

Foronda Collection

The personal collection of a famous historian,Dr. Marcelino Foronda, late professor of De La Salle
University, Manila, consisting of 7,000 volumes of monographs and various other materials on Philippine history.
The materials include prayers and underground publications from the Marcos years.

Ocampo, consisting of 1,000 volumes of monographs andperiodicals on Philippine history. Includes prayers andgovernment publications.

Indonesia Islam Collection

Collection of recent Islamic publications inIndonesia. Approximately 1,000 volumes.

Reference
A Filipiniana Bibliography, 1743-1982: A Classified Listing ofPhilippine Materials in the Marcelino A. and Cresencia R. Private
Collection. Foronda. Manila: Philippine National Historical
Society, 1981.

Ocampo Collection

The personal collection of well-known historian andprofessor at Ateneo de Manila University, Mr. AmbethOcampo Collection

Map Collections
CSEAS holds about 40,000 sheets of maps ofSoutheast Asia and its surrounding areas, the second largest collection of overseas maps in Japan. About 16,000of them are historically valuable topographical maps andnautical charts called “overseas maps (gaihouzu)” covering
South, Southeast, and East Asia; these were prepared by
the Japanese Survey Department before and during WorldWar II. An integrated database of overseas maps is now
being constructed in cooperation with all universities that
hold such maps.
Digital archiving of maps is also progressing throughthe construction of a DVD map image library and a digital map browsing system. All maps held by CSEAS can besearched on the web.

Satellite Images

Acquisitions of satellite images including Landsat
MSS, Landsat TM, MOS and JERS-1 started in 1978, andthe present holdings number approximately 3,500 scenes.
The area covered includes all regions of Southeast Asia,
the eastern half of the Indian subcontinent, the wholeof Bangladesh, part of South China, and Japan. Scenes
from two or more seasons are chosen wherever possible.
The collection concentrated in the beginning on blackand-white positive films (bands 4, 5 and 7) with a scale of
1:1,000,000, then on color prints with a scale of 1:250,000,
and on digital data in recent years.
The utilization of satellite images has changed fromthe visual interpretation of macro-topography, land use,
vegetation, and hydrological environment to digital analyses of a wide range of spatial information through incorporating results in the Geographical Information System.
The listing of our collection can be seen on the CSEAS HP.

Aerial Photograph Collections

60

Thousand of aerial photographs taken by Peter
Williams-Hunt in Mainland Southeast Asia around thetime of World War II were organized by Dr. Elizabeth

Moore at the School of Oriental and African Studies(SOAS), University of London, England, in the 1980s.
CSEAS obtained a complete copy of these 5,804 photographs, called the “Williams-Hunt Collection,” and ispresently digitizing it. The collection consists of 1,258
photos of Cambodia (mainly the Angkor area), 1,671 ofThailand, 821 of Myanmar, 2,632 of Malaysia, and 240 ofSingapore.
In addition, CSEAS also holds aerial photos of a partof Lao PDR (628 sheets), Indonesia (1635 sheets taken in
1976 and 1982), and Japan (3,513 sheets).

Human Ecology Files (HEF)

Articles about human ecology in the abstracts ofcongresses, bulletins, reports, and journals throughout
the world were collected and compiled into 5,600 files
by the East-West Center, Hawaii, and were transferred
to CSEAS by the kind offices of Prof. Terry Rambo (thenProfessor at the East-West Center) in 2000. A total of
8,400 files (including the above-mentioned 5,600 files,
1,600 Agroforestry files, and 1,200 Watershed files) arecalled the “Human Ecology Files (HEF)”. A web searchsystem for HEF is now being constructed.

Angkor Wat, photographed byWilliams-Hunt in 1946

Topographic map of an area of the ThaiLaos border

http://www.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/about/map-room_en.html

Database
CSEAS has been building an advanced and unique
database for its holdings on Southeast Asia, as well as continuing to collect such research materials.

Thai Database of Three Seals Law
and Palm Leaf Text

CSEAS Thai OPAC
http://library.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/cseas/

Bibliographic database of CSEAS library holdings in
Thai. Approximately 9,000 records are searchable as ofJan. 2006.

Map (map collection) Database

http://gissv.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/ktsd/

Thai full-text database composed of the “Law ofThree Seals” (Kotmai Tra Sam Duang, 239,576 examples)compiled in 1805 and 60,000 examples of ancient documents written on palm branches (one document consisting of 6 lines on a 60 cm leaf). The development of
this database in 2004 and 2005 was supported by a JSPS
Grant-In-Aid of Scientific Research (Database).

http://aris.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/map/

Nearly 40,000 sheets of maps concentrating on
Southeast Asia and surrounding regions (see above).

Space Satellite Image Database
http://aris.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/map/

Approximately 3,500 satellite images includingLandsat MSS, Landsat TM, MOS, and JERS-1 (see above).

ARIS Southeast Asian
Topographic Map Database

Agricultural Statistics Collection of Mainland
Southeast Asia (Agro-SEAD)

http://aris.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/mapserver/index.html

http://sead.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/index.htm

Topographical map image database (about 2,260
images) using GIS. Cross-searching several databaseswith key word available based on Z39.50/Dubrin Core
standard. Database development in 2004 and 2005 was
supported by a JSPS Grant-In-Aid of Scientific Research(Database).

Statistical data collections of life and environment
in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.
Data collection comprises 3,884 sheets and 101 statisticalbooks.

Photo Collection
http://aris.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/photolib/perl/photolib_welcome

Pictures taken during the course of fieldwork by
CSEAS staff. More than 2,000 pictures cover naturalenvironment, agriculture, forests, fishery, politics, economy, culture, and history in Southeast Asia.

Map Database Image

Photo Collection

Thai Database of Three Seals Law and Palm Leaf Text

Space Satellite Image Database

61

5Division of Information and Networks

GIS Laboratory
The GIS Laboratory (GIS Lab) was establishedin 2004 to nurture and foster skills in Geographical
Information System (GIS)/Remote Sensing (RS) in the
education and research of area studies. The GIS Lab isequipped with eight PCs installed with GIS/RS-related
software, including ArcGIS. Also, the Linux Operating
System (OS) allows FOSS (Free and Open Source
Software) GIS functions, such as Minnesota Map Server,
Z39.50 Gateway Server, and SQL Servers, to be customized in support of training and education in area studies.
The GIS Lab can be used by CSEAS staff, visiting
scholars, and ASAFAS students, as well as in conjunction
with special lectures and training classes organized by
JCAS, JICA, and other institutions.

Current Activities

Area Informatics and Agricultural Ecology courses,
ASAFAS, Kyoto University● Seminar on GIS software (GRASS, MapServer, andother FOSS) for ecological and agricultural application
in Southeast Asian countries, organized by JICA (Japan
International Cooperation Agency)● Training Courses for introduction to GIS/RS, organizedby JCAS (Japan Consortium for Area Studies)● Workshop and Special Seminar on GIS/RS technologies,
organized by CSEAS●

Contact

Liaison Office of Research Department
E-mail: liaison@cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp

JICA training, Sep. 2, 2006

Information Processing Office
The Information Processing Office handles information infrastructure and has established a coordination
system with the managers of information technology at
CSEAS. In this capacity, the Office handles a wide rangeof activities, from the maintenance and improvementof infrastructure to the recovery of important data. In
addition to handling researchers’ IT-related requests, theOffice joins research activities relating to area studies.

Research Support

The Information Processing Office provides supportand improvement of the computing environment, including hardware and software, for public information transmission not only within our Center but also with relatedorganizations. It also advises on the handling of intellectual property rights on the web, such as copyright and privacy information. The Office has developed the system,

62

design, and layout of the CSEAS website and established
an integrated system of information security for our organization, including consulting and support.
Since Inamori Foundation Memorial Hall for areastudies was established in Oct. 2008, we have been establishing a public campus wireless network. We hope tohave this in place within 2009.

Video Conferencing

The aim of CSEAS is to establish a system that canbe used easily and safely anywhere in the world where ourresearchers work through the use of portable equipment.
In 2006, we successfully established hubs in Vietnam
and Thailand. Through the application of knowledge, weestablished a basic system of video lectures through videoconferencing that started since 2008 under the auspices of
the Kyoto Sustainability Initiative.

6

PublicationSince

its beginning, CSEAS has given priority
to publishing research its results. The
quarterly journal Southeast Asian Studies began with thefounding of the centre, and since the 1960s monographs
have also been published in both Japanese and in English.
During this past decade, three more series were started:a monograph series called Kyoto Area Studies on Asia
(both in Japanese and in English), and the multilingual
online journal Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia (begun
during the first COE project and currently funded by the

Toyota Foundation), which is available at http://www.
kyotoreviewsea.org/. Apr. 2007 also marked the debutof the Kyoto Working Papers on Area Studies. As of2009, CSEAS has also entered into a partnership with
the National University of Singapore to introduce a newseries, Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies. This series
will be used to raise the profile of scholarship conductedin Asia to both audiences within and outside the area. A
complete list of CSEAS publications is available on the HP(http://www.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/edit/index_en.htm).

Monographs
CSEAS publishes four series for the presentation oforiginal academic studies contributing to the development of Southeast Asian area studies. Our monographseries was originally authored exclusively by CSEAS faculty, but since 2000 the series has been open to outsidecontributors from both within and outside Japan. As ofMar. 2009, four volumes of Kyoto Area Studies on Asia

in Japanese and six volumes in English, as well as one
Monograph of CSEAS in English have been authored byoutside contributors. CSEAS has also started the new
Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies with two volumes
in 2009. Policy has now become a regular and recognizedfeature of our publication program and is supported
mainly by JSPS Grants-in-aid for publication.
Number of
Published Titles

SeriesLanguage

Publisher

Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies

EnglishKyoto University Press and NUS

2

Kyoto Area Studies on Asia

Japanese

Kyoto University Press

20

Kyoto Area Studies on Asia

EnglishKyoto University Press and Trans Pacific Press

18

CSEAS Monographs

Japanese

Sobunsha24

CSEAS Monographs

English

University of Hawai‘i Press

21

Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies(Kyoto University Press and NUS Press)

The publication committee at CSEAS has so far had
two English language publication series: the Monograph
Series from University of Hawaii Press, and the Kyoto
Area Studies on Asia. In addition to these, we have juststarted a new series, Kyoto CSEAS Series on Asian Studies
from Kyoto University Press and National University ofSingapore Press. In 2009, two books were published in
the new series:

paths for scholars both within and outside Japan to makeavailable high quality Asian scholarship to a wider audience.

Fujita Koichi, Mieno Fumiharu and Okamoto Ikuko,
eds. The Economic Transition of Myanmar after 1988:
Market Economy vs. State Control. 2009.
Mizuno Kosuke and Pasuk Pongpaichitm, eds. Populism
in Asia. 2009.
There is an increasing demand for effective outlets ofscholarship on Asian studies by Asian scholars. We hopethat this new series will be another step towards securing
http://www.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/edit/index_en.htm

63

6

Publication

Kyoto Area Studies on Asia (in English)
Farming with Fire and Water:
The Human Ecology of a Composite Swiddening
Community in Vietnam’s Northern Mountains
Tran Duc Vien, A. Terry Rambo, andNguyen Thanh Lam, eds. 2009.

This volume offers the first detailed description ofcomposite swiddening, a traditional Southeast Asian
upland agricultural system that combines shifting cultivation fields on the hillsides with irrigated paddy fields
in the valleys. The product of research over a 15-year
period by natural and social scientists in Tat hamlet, a
Da Bac Tay ethnic minority community, it challenges theconventional belief that shifting cultivation inevitablycauses deforestation. Its 19 chapters describe this complex agroecosystem in terms of its multiple individualcomponents, its structure, functioning, and sustainability; its social and economic dimensions; its adaptation to
on-going demographic, economic, environmental andpolicy changes; and its wider use elsewhere in Vietnam’s
northern mountains. It should be of interest to Southeast
Asian area studies specialists, agricultural ecologist, ethnologists, and upland development policymakers.

The Rise of Middle Classes in Southeast Asia
Shiraishi, Takashi and Pasuk Phongpaichit, eds. 2008.

The rise of the new middle classes in Southeast Asia
brought about important transformations in various
countries politically, socially, economically and culturally, while producing new “East Asian lifestyles” thattranscend national boundaries and cause reorganizationof urban space. Based on the framework of comparative politics, this study first examines the regional significance of the growth of the middle classes after the
economic crisis in 1997-1998 and pays special attention
to the conditions which led to the fall of the Thaksin government as a consequence of a military coup. From theinternational relations point of view, this collective workby Southeast Asian specialists also uses abundant data to
unravel the reorganization of the cultural industry across
East Asia.

East Asian Economies and
New Regionalism
Abe, Shigeyuki and Bhanupong Nidhipraba, eds. 2008.

In the face of the financial crisis of East Asia in 1997,
Japan successfully pressed forth with the Miyazawa Planand other efficient rescue packages while the IMF and
the World Bank failed to present effective programs.
With its presence established, Japan kept playing a leading role in formulating the Chiang Mai Initiative whichfacilitated bilateral and regional economic cooperation in
the area. Based on the analysis of this process, the bookexamines the ways in which East Asia has grappled with64

the regional integration of the economies of the area.
The study focuses upon competing developmental models, the effects of FTA and EPA, the initiatives of ASEAN,
investments and trades in the region. The contributors
to the book then inquire what can be done in financial
and monetary domains with a special attention paid tothe effects of the depreciation of currencies and the consequences of the IMF emergency policies. The study also
addresses the issues of productivity, problems of agrariansmall states and difficulties of the socially weak in theregion.

Myths and Realities:
The Democratization of Thai Politics
Tamada, Yoshifumi. 2008.

This award-winning study, now in paperback, traces
the roots of Thailand’s current political instability backto the 1990s and challenges the prevailing view that thenation’s democratization process during that decade
was led by the active middle class. Tamada argues thatthe key role played by the middle class was moderation
rather than promotion of democracy. The middle classachieved discursive power after the May 1992 incident
and prevented the numerical majority of the population,
rural residents and the urban lower class, from gaining
the hegemony. With a particular focus on ‘passive’ political actors, this book demonstrates that the appeasementof the opponents of democratization is no less crucial
than the emergence or empowerment of its proponents.
The Japanese original of this publication won an Ohira
Masayoshi Memorial Prize in 2003.

Living on the Periphery: Development andthe Islamization of the Orang Asli
Nobuta, Toshihiro. 2008.

Using ethnographic data, this study reveals the way
in which state-initiated development projects and theprocess of islamization influence the life world of theOrang Asli, the indigenous group in Malaysia.

Kyoto Area Studies on Asia (in Japanese)
based in mainland Southeast Asian states and its periphery regions, whose anthropological field research focuseson the three in-betweenness of practical religion; nationalboundary, sacred-secular boundary, and ethno-identity.
Their collaboration successfully depicts social dynamism
of in-betweenness as the countervailing between convention and practice in Southeast Asian societies.

Transnational Formation of Southeast AsianMultiethnic Society
Tsubouchi, Yoshihiro. 2009.

The Power Structure of Military Burma:
The State and Forces under Ne Win Government,
1962-1988
Nakanishi, Yoshihiro. 2009.

The Burmese military seems to have been against
the worldwide trend for democratization, so the question
why such bad politics had existed for so long still remains
the most challenging enigma in Southeast Asian studies.
The author reads valuable Burmese historical materials
and unveils the historical reality of Burma under militaryrule. His political analysis is based on the state-force relationship from three perspectives; national defense state,party state, and barrack state, which explores the possibility of military rule from its birth, its development, to its
duration.

Practical Religions: Topologies of
Religion within Mainland Southeast Asia
Hayashi, Yukio, ed. 2009.

After the end of the cold war, deepening globalization metamorphosised the role of religion into power forthe survival of daily life in contrast to the rigid nationstate and institutions. The contributors in this volume are

Boundaries of state and nation are primarily formedby the migration of people, while its basis is broadly determined by physiographical elements. The author carriesout detailed case studies of Southeast Asian society basedon population statistics and social context analysis, anddescribes the rapid formation of historical characteristics— multi-ethnicity — under modernization and colonization in the 19th century. This work should be regarded as
the significant milestone of his splendid career on demographic ethnography.

Social History of Frontiers:
When the State Declares Possession
Ishikawa, Noboru. 2008.

This marvelous book, which won the Kashiyama
Junzo Award (2008), brings a structural analysis of capitalism and the state into a deep reading of history andethnography. It achieves both a thick description anddeep theoretical insight in a literature and is highly recommended by Anna L. Tsing (University of California,
Santa Cruz) who says that: “The international politics,
smuggling, ethnic formation, asymmetrical labor migration, and location work found on isolated and little-known
Cape Dato typify the striking particularity of transnational modernity. I will recommend it to many — far beyond
the boundaries of Southeast Asian studies.”

Monographs of the Center for Southeast Asian Studies
Uncultural Behaviour:
An Anthropological Investigation of Suicide in
the Southern Philippines
Macdonald, Charles J-H. 2006.

Macdonald is a social anthropologist specializingin the Philippines and Southeast Asia. His acquaintancewith the Palawan people in the Philippines dates from1970 and repeated visits convinced him that for the people of Kulbi-Kenipaqan, who lead an outwardly peacefulexistence in a remote corner of Palawan island, suicide
was an endemic and enduring phenomenon repeating itself with unusual and stubborn frequency. Why
would they fall victim to despair? To deal with this issue,

Macdonald probes not only the beliefs, customs, and general disposition of this Palawan people, but also representations and concepts relating to suicide. He looks at thephenomenon (a stable and high rate of suicide) from thepoint of view of neurobiology and genetics as well as froma psychological, social, and historical perspective and considers that suicide is a learned behavior. As such suicide
could be called “uncultural” since this type of behavior
conflicts with explicitly stated social and cultural values.
This study may mean that “culture” as anthropologists
look at it — as a symbolic structure or as a set of rules
and values — does not really explain all aspects of humanbehavior and says little about the real inner conflicts that
decide individual fates.
65

6

Publication

Southeast Asian Studies
The centre’s first quarterly journal Southeast
Asian Studies (SEAS) was published in Jun. 1963, when
CSEAS was created as a semi-official body within Kyoto
University to coordinate the teaching and research ofSoutheast Asia. CSEAS has since grown to be one of theleading journals on Southeast Asian studies in Japan andabroad. Reflecting the CSEAS principle of fieldworkbased, multidisciplinary, and contemporary approaches,
SEAS publishes work from various fields of study on
Southeast Asia including the natural sciences, social sci-

ences, and humanities.
In 2005, celebrating its 40th anniversary, CSEAS
issued a DVD edition of the complete collection of all thearticles, reports, and reviews that have appeared in its pages
from the inaugural issue through to Volume 47, Number 1.
The DVD can be searched by issue number, article title, or
author name. The contents of this DVD, along with digital
versions of subsequent issues, are available on the CSEAS
HP. This collection offers unprecedented access to a poolof knowledge published over a 40-year period.

Kyoto Working Papers on Area Studies
This series is published jointly by the four areastudies institutions on the Kyoto University campus: theCenter for Integrated Area Studies (CIAS); the Graduate
School of Asian and African Area Studies (ASAFAS); theCenter for African Area Studies (CAAS); and the Center
for Southeast Asian Studies (CSEAS). The series invites
Faculty members, young scholars, and graduate students
affiliated with these institutions to offer contributions.

Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia
Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia has come out witha special issue featuring the works of Chinese scholars
working on Southeast Asia.
The issue also became the occasion to add Chinese
to the web journals existing languages (Bahasa-Indonesia,
English, Filipino, Japanese and Thai).
The theme of Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia’s Issue
11 will be on Local Voices. Two outstanding features ofthis issue are the submission of essays by scholars andpublic intellectuals from Indonesia and Thailand in their

original languages, and the bypassing of English as aconduit for translating in several of the works that will
be included in this volume. Volume 11 is scheduled to be
uploaded by late Nov. 2009. It will be immediately followed by a special issue on Korean studies on Southeast
Asia, which is a collaborative project with colleagues
from Southeast Asia Centers in South Korea. This issue
will also add Korean into Kyoto Review’s languages. It is
accessible in the following URL:
http://kyotoreviewsea.org/Issue_10/TOC.html

International Publication by Staff
Staff at CSEAS work in various areas and contributevaluable research to their respective fields. The section

Abinales, Patricio N.

Hau, Caroline S.

In press. 2009. Orthodoxy and History in the Muslim
Mindanao Narrative, 1890-2006. Quezon City: Ateneo deManila University Press.

Hau, Caroline S.; and Shiraishi, Takashi. 2009. Daydreaming
about Rizal and Tetchō: On Asianism as Network andFantasy. Philippine Studies 57(3): 329-3 88.

Fujita, Motoko

Honna, Jun

Fujita, M.; and Koike, Fumito. 2009. Landscape Effects on
Ecosystems: Birds as Active Vectors of Nutrient Transport
to Fragmented Urban Forests versus Forest DominatedLandscapes. Ecosystems 12(3): 391-400.
66

presents a fraction of the fruits of staff research efforts atthe centre.

2008. Instrumentalizing Pressures, Reinventing Mission:
Indonesian Navy Battles for Turf in the Age of Reformasi.
Indonesia 86: 63-80.

Ishikawa, Noboru

Nakashima, Narihisa

Ishizaka, Shinya

Nishi, Makoto

In press. Between Frontiers: Nation and Identity in aSoutheast Asian Borderland. Singapore/Copenhagen/Athens: National University of Singapore Press/NIAS
Press/Ohio University Press.
2007. The Anti Tehri Dam Movement as a New Social
Movement and Gandhism. Journal of the Japanese
Association for South Asian Studies 18: 76-95.

Koizumi, Junko

2009. Between Tribute and Treaty: Sino-Siamese Relations
from the Late Nineteenth Century to the Early TwentiethCentury. In Negotiating Asymmetry China’s Place in Asia,
edited by A.Reid, and Yangwen. Singapore: National
University Press.

Kondo, Mari

2008. Twilling Bata-bata into Meritocracy Merito-patronage
Management System in a Modern Philippine Corporation.
Philippine Studies 56 : 3.

Kono, Yasuyuki

2009. Eco-history in Southeast Asia. In An Illustrated Ecohistory of the Mekong River Basin, edited by Akimichi, T. ,pp. 171-174. Bangkok: White Lotus.

Kozan, Osamu

Toderich, K.; Shoaib, Ismail.; Juylova, A. Ekaterina,;
Gismatullina, Lilyia. G.; Kozan, Osamu.; and Radjabov
B. Toshpulat. 2008. New Approaches for Biosaline
Ag ricu lt u re Development, Ma nagement a ndConservation of Sandy Desert Ecosystems. In Biosaline
Agriculture and High Salinity Tolerance, edited by
C.Abdelly, Öztürk, M., Ashraf, M., and Grignon, C.,
pp.247-264. Basel; Birkhauser.

Masuda, Kazuya

2007. Time-reckoning Based on the Memory of Shifting
Paddies among The Petalangan of Sumatra. Biostory 7:
110-139.

Matsubayashi, Kozo

Hirosaki, M.; Ishimoto, Y.; Kasahara, Y.; Kimura, Y.;
Konno, A.; Sakamoto, R.; Nakatsuka, M.; Ishine, M.;
Wada, T.; Okumiya, K.; Fujisawa, M.; Otsuka, K.; andMatsubayashi, K. 2009. Community-dwelling Elderly
Japanese People with Hobbies Are Healthier Than Those
Lacking Hobbies. Journal of the American Geriatrics
Society 57 (6): 1132-1133.

Mizuno, Kosuke

2008. Strengths and Weaknesses in Law No,2/2004 aboutIndustrial Disputes Settlement. Labor and Managementin Development Journal 9: 1-8.

2009. On the Legitimacy of Development: A Case Studyof Communal Land Struggle in Kapalo Hilalang, West
Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of International Economic
Studies 21 : 145-160.
2008. Community-based Rural Development and thePolitics of Redistribution: The Experience of the Gurage
Road Construction Organization in Ethiopia. NiloEthiopian Studies 12: 13-25.

Nishibuchi, Mitsuaki

Zulkifli, Y.; N.B. Alitheen; A.R. Raha; S. K. Yeap; Marlina;
R. Son, and Nishibuchi, M. 2009. Antibiotic Resistanceand Plasmid Profiling of Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolated
from Cockles in Padang, Indonesia. International Food
Research Journal 16: 53-58.

Ono, Keiko2007. A Study of Urban Morphology of Japanese Colonial
Towns in Nan’yo Gunto: Part Three. Journal of Architecture,
Planning and Environmental Engineering 612: 177-184.

Retno, Kusumaningtyas

Retno, K., R.; Kobayashi, S.; and Takeda, S. 2009. Natural
Resource Management by Local Communities Living
Adjacent to the Tesso Nilo National Park in Riau
Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. TROPICS, Japanese Society
for Tropical Ecology Journal 18 (2): 45-55.

Sekino, Tatsuki

2009. An Experimental Information Analysis Based on
Temporal Data: Water-level Fluctuation in Lake Biwa,
Japan. Southeast Asian Studies 46 (4): 593-607.

Tsunashima, Hiroyuki

2009. The Significance of Informal Trade in Non-timber
Forest Products for the Koya People, an Ethnic Minority
in Andhra Pradesh, India. Tropical Agriculture andDevelopment 53(3) : 74 -81.

Wada, Taizo

Wada, T.; Ishimoto, Y.; Hirosaki, M.; Konno, A.; Kasahara,Y.; Kimura, Y.; Nakatsuka, H.; Sakamoto, R.; Ishine, M.;
Okumiya, K.; Fujisawa, M.; Otsuka, K.; and Matsubayashi,
K. In press. Twenty-one-item Fall Risk Index Predicts
Falls in Community-dwelling Japanese Elderly. Journal of
the American Geriatric Society.

Yamamoto, Sota

Yamamoto, S.; and Nawata, E. 2009. Use of Capsicum
Frutescens L. by the Indigenous Peoples of Taiwan and the
Batanes Islands. Economic Botany 63: 43-59.

67

7

Education

Graduate School Education
Graduate School of Asian and
African Area Studies (ASAFAS)
Division of Southeast Asian Studies Environment,
Society and Culture

ASAFAS was established in Apr. 1998 as the first
institution in Japan for specialist training in area studies. The graduate school was established originally with
two research divisions: the Division of Southeast AsianArea Studies and the Division of African Area Studies.
In 2009, a third one, the Division of Global Area Studies,
was established to focus on Islamic World Studies andSouth Asian/Indian Ocean Studies, with global problems
in view, resulting in the present three-divisions with ninedepartment system as follows.

Division of Southeast Asian Area Studies
1. Ecology and Environment
2. Society and Development
3. Environment, Society and Culture

Division of African Area Studies
1. Political Ecology
2. Cultural Ecology
3. Historical Ecology

Division of Global Area Studies

1. Sustainable Humanosphere
2. Islamic World Studies
3. South Asian and Indian Ocean Area Studies
Of the nine departments, the Department ofEnvironment, Society and Culture (a cooperative department) is staffed solely by the Center, including six professors and two associate professors. All other staff of theCenter are ‘cooperative staff’ of ASAFAS belonging tovarious departments or belonging to ASAFAS itself.
The uniqueness of ASAFAS is that it aims to train

Staff, students and town members at a medical training program for the elderly
held at Tosa-cho, Kochi Prefeture

researchers in area studies and professionals specialized in Asian and African areas, who own an in-depth
understanding of the “distinctiveness of each area” andare capable of understanding an area from a holistic andinternational perspective. To achieve this educationalgoal, ASAFAS adopts the following system: 1) the graduate school carries out education concerning comprehensive area studies as a five-year continuous doctoral
course; 2) it offers a flexible and interdisciplinary curriculum; and 3) it aims to enrich integrated area studies based on fieldwork. Based on the five-year doctoral
program, the graduate school emphasizes in its curricula
long-term fieldwork and holistic understanding of Asianand African ecology, society, and culture and their interrelations which have shaped today’s societies. Besides
training specialists in Asian and African area studies, theSchool also hopes to produce personnel capable of working in international aid organizations and, accordingly, isprepared to issue master’s degrees.
As of Apr. 2009, ASAFAS has 174 graduate students.
Twenty-two ASAFAS students are from Asia and Africa,
some on Japanese government scholarships. Thirty-twoof them belong to the cooperative department and aresupervised mainly by the Center’s staff.

Southeast Asia Seminar

68

Since 1976, the annual Southeast Asia Seminar hasoffered a week-long series of lectures aimed at providing
a survey of the nature, culture, society, economy, politics,
and other aspects of the region. The 32nd seminar on“The Bright and the Dark Side of Southeast Asia”, which
was held on Sep. 1-5, 2008 and conducted in Japanese andEnglish (with translation into Japanese) with 32 participants, covered the major social, political and public-healthflashpoints that have had profound effects on the stability of the region and how the national regimes have been
responding to these challenges.

The 33rd seminar, held on Sep. 7-11, 2009, on“‘Region’ and Regional Perspectives on/from Southeast
Asia” focused on term “Southeast Asia” and the historical and contemporary attempts at thinking, feeling, andmaking the region. Conducted entirely in English for the
first time, the 2009 Seminar was sponsored by the Japan
Society for the Promotion of Science Asian Core Program,and brought together 36 scholars and students not only
from Japan, but also from Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia,
the Philippines, Cambodia, Taiwan, South Korea, the U.S.,
and other countries.

Educational Work
Kyoto University School of Public HealthA new division of the Graduate School of Medicine,the Kyoto University School of Public Health was established in Apr. 2000. It initially offered a master’s programand has subsequently added a doctoral program. Two of
the Center’s staff teach courses in the School — on ecology with an emphasis on the environment and on fieldmedicine — and supervise graduate students. As of Mar.
2009, eight students have finished master’s degrees under
the guidance of Center staff.

Department of Microbiology and Field Medicineof Graduate School of Medicine

Two of the Center’s staff are teaching doctoral programs in the department of microbiology and of fieldmedicine of Graduate School of Medicine, respectively.
The former department conducts studies on entericinfections, commonly called diarrheal diseases, that areimportant in Asia, and the latter department is carrying out field medicine for community-dwelling elderly inSoutheast Asian countries. As of Mar. 2009, eight students have finished doctoral courses under the guidanceof the Center staff.

All -Campus Joints Lectures for New Students

Two of the Center’s staff are teaching all-campus
joints lectures for new pupils focusing on politics inSoutheast Asia and on geriatric field practical training inJapan, respectively. Around ten pupils are taking theirlectures and practical trainings every year.

Kyoto University International Education Program

A member of staff from the Center is providing aseries of lecture program for foreign undergraduate students in Kyoto University. Dozens of foreign students aretaking his lectures every year.

Lecture at the Graduate School of
Global Environmental Studies

A half-year lecture (“Environment and Society inSoutheast Asia”) is provided by the Center’s staff since
2007.

Faculty of Medicine

Two of the Center’s staff are also teaching the undergraduate program of the faculty of medicine, focusing
on microbiology and on geriatric medicine, respectively.
Around 100 undergraduate medical students are taking
their lectures and practical trainings every year.

8Jun. 2008

All-campus joint night lectures after day-time medical examination
for the community-dwelling elderly in 7-day medical training campin Tosa, Kochi.

AwardsYonezawa Go● 2008 Best Research Paper Award by Japan Society ofGeoinformatics
Formulation of Faulted Geologic Structures, Geoinformatics 16(3)Nov. 2008

Ishikawa Noboru● The Kashiyama Junzo Award

Between Frontiers: Nation and Identity in a Southeast
Asian Borderland (Kyoto Area Studies on Asia 17,
Kyoto University Press)

Jan. 2008

Special Researcher Yonezawa
Go receiving his certificate

Associate Professor Ishikawa Noboru
receiving the Kashiyama Junzo award

Masuda Gaku

● The 1st “Virtual Earth” Mapping Project Competition

Winning Work
Virtual Realization of Field Experience“Virtual Earth” Mapping69

9

History of CSEAS

Month/Year
Spt. 1959
Jun. 1962
Jan. 1963
Jul. 1963

EventsApr. 1965

CSEAS is officially established under Article 20.2 of the Regulations for Enforcement of the National Schools Establishment
Act. Agriculture and Biology Section is established.

Apr. 1967
Apr. 1968
Apr. 1969
Apr. 1971
Aug. 1971
Apr. 1973
Apr. 1974
Apr. 1975
Feb. 1977
Apr. 1978
Mar. 1979
Apr. 1980
Apr. 1983
Mar. 1984
Apr. 1984

Social System and the Documentation Sections are established.

Apr. 1986

Southeast Asian Documentation Section (visiting research fellows) is established. Academic exchanges with developing
countries begin under the JSPS Core University Program.

Apr. 1988

The second, ten-year program of acquisition of Southeast Asian vernacular library materials begins.

May. 1989

The nine sections (excluding those of visiting research fellows) are reorganized into five larger divisions: Ecological Studies,
Socio-cultural Studies, Integrative Processes, Development Studies, and Human Environment.

Apr. 1993

The Southeast Asian Studies Major is inaugurated in collaboration with the Division of Culture and Area Studies, Graduate
School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University.

Kyoto University scholars with an interest in Southeast Asia organize a study group and begin to hold monthly seminars.
A planning and preparatory committee for Southeast Asian studies is established in Kyoto University.
Based on the preparatory committee’s report, CSEAS is established as an intramural body.
Inaugural issue of the quarterly Southeast Asian Studies is published.

Culture and History Section is established.
Natural Environment Section is established. Operating expenses for the Bangkok Liaison Office are incorporated into the budget.
Life Environment Section is established.
CSEAS moves to its present location, on the site of the former Kyoto Textile Company.
Operating expenses for the Jakarta Residence are incorporated into the budget.
Population Studies Section is established.
Economic Development and the Area Studies I (visiting research fellows) Sections are established.
The first Southeast Asia Seminar is held.
Political Development Section is established.
Construction of the East Wing is completed.
Area Studies II (Japanese visiting scholars) Section is established.
Five-year program of acquisition of Southeast Asian vernacular library materials begins.
Construction of the East Wing extension is completed.
Hydrologic Environment Section is established (and begins a lecture course in the Division of Tropical Agriculture).

The four-year project “Toward an Integrated Approach to Global Area Studies: In Search of a Paradigm for a Harmonized
Relationship between the World and Its Areas” is launched with funding from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT) through a grant for Scientific Research on Priority Areas).

Aug. 1993

The first stage of construction of the Joint Research Wing of CSEAS and the Center for African Area Studies is completed.

Apr. 1998“Southeast Asian Area Studies 3: Environment, Society, and Culture” Unit is inaugurated in collaboration with the Divisionof Southeast Asian Area Studies, Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies(ASAFAS), Kyoto University.
The five-year Center of Excellence (COE) project “Making Regions: Proto-Areas, Transformations, and New Formations in
Asia and Africa” is launched, in collaboration with ASAFAS, with funding from MEXT.
The third, five-year program of acquisition of Southeast Asian vernacular library materials begins.

Apr. 2001

The five divisions excluding those of visiting research fellows are reorganized into four divisions: Regional Dynamics,
Humans and the Environment, Society and Culture, and Economics and Politics.

Oct. 2002

The five-year 21st Century COE project “Aiming for Center of Excellence of Integrated Area Studies: Establishing Field
Stations in Asia and Africa to Combine Research Activities and On-Site-Education” is launched, in collaboration withASAFAS, with funding from MEXT.

Apr. 2004

CSEAS is raised to the higher status of a research institute over which MEXT has direct jurisdiction. The Division ofRegional Dynamics was reorg;anized into the Division of Integrated Area Studies, and the Documentation Department wasalso reorganized into the Division of Area Informatics.
CSEAS contributes to the inauguration of the Japan Consortium for Area Studies, serving as its executive office.

70

Oct. 2005
Apr. 2006

CSEAS celebrates its 40th anniversary.

Jul.

2007

The five-year Global COE project “In Search of Sustainable Humanosphere in Asia and Africa” is launched, in collaboration
with eight research institutes, centers, and graduate schools at Kyoto University, with funding from MEXT.

Jul.
Oct.
Oct.
Apr.

2008
2008
2009
2010

CSEAS-granted joint research program is launched.

CSEAS contributes to the founding the Center for Integrated Area Studies in Kyoto University.

Construction of Inamori Foundation Memorial Hall is completed.
Quake-proof engineering of Library building is completed.
CSEAS to be renewed as a common-use research institute.

10

Organization

Director
Professor

Mizuno Kosuke

Deputy Director
Professor
Kono Yasuyuki
Hayami Yoko

Research Department
Division of Integrated Area Studies
Professor
Mizuno Kosuke
Associate Professor
Assistant Professor
Researcher (COE)
Visiting Professor

Nishibuchi Mitsuaki
Okamoto Masaaki
Caroline Sy Hau
Nakaguchi Yoshitsugu
Fujita Motoko
Nakasima Narihisa
Kondo Mari
Retno Kusumaningtyas

Division of Information and Networks
Professor
Visiting Professor
Special Researcher
Library

Assistant Professor
Staff

Special Researcher
Division of Human-Nature Dynamics
Professor
Kono Yasuyuki
Associate Professor
Researcher (G-COE)

Matsubayashi Kozo
Kozan Osamu
Sato Takahiro
Wada Taizo
Kobayashi Shoko

Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics
Professor
Hayami Yoko

Shimizu Hiromu
Koizumi Junko
Associate Professor Ishikawa Noboru
Assistant Professor Kobayashi Satoru
Assistant Professor(G-COE) Kimura Shuhei
Researcher (G-COE) Sun Xiaogang
Visiting Professor
Ono Keiko

Editorial Office

Assistant Professor
Project Officer
Staff
Assistant Professor
Project Officer

General Affairs Section

Chief Officer
Senior Officer
Officer
Staff

Minato Hideto
Shibata Yuko
Nakamura Miyuki
Nishimura Motokazu
Hamada Mami

JSPS Fellow

Junior Research Fellows

Hasuda Takashi
Watanabe Kazuya
Yamane Yusuke
Watanabe Kazuo
Ishizaka Shinya
Yamamoto Sota

Nagaoka Shinsuke

Editor, Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia

Donna J. Amoroso

Technical Research Assistants

Takeda Yoko
Shino Miyako
Nakamura Wakana

Secretariat of Research Department

Project Officer
Staff

Kitani Kimiya
Okunishi Kumi

Imakita Tetsuya
Harada Sanae
Kawarabayashi Hiroshi
Shimada Nahoko
Masuda Kazuya
Fujii Miho

Kawai Tomoko
Tabata Noriko
Nishio Masami
Haruki Tamie
Kondo Motoko
Yamamoto Nami

Assistants of Research Department

Kataoka Toshiko
Ide Michiyo
Yamamoto Aya
Kodera Junko
Ito Kaoru
Jiang Yingyan

Foreign Scholar’s Lounge

Maeno Naoko

Admistrative Office of Global COE

Project Officer

Staff

Kamata Kyoko
Komano Kyoko
Yoshikawa Takako
Abe Chiaki
Akedo Masako

Visiting Researcher

Mochtar Pabottingi

Visiting Project Researchers

Wakimura Kohei
Sekino Tatsuki

Administrative Department
Head
Maeda Susumu
Senior Specialist
Tagawa Yoshito

Mario Ivan López
Shitara Narumi
Kobayashi Sumiko

Associate Professor Ando Kazuo
Special Assistant Professor Suzuki Reiji
Special Researcher
Masuda Gaku

Researcher (G-COE)
Visiting Research Fellows

Associate Professor

Kitamura Yumi
Furuta Yasuko
Hayashi Akiko
Masunaga Kanako
Nagai Chikako
Nohda Katsura
Ronald Alexander Bos

Department of Practice-oriented Area
Studies

Sugihara Kaoru
Patricio Nuñez Abinales
Nishi Makoto

Japanese Visiting Scholars
Professor
Honna Jun

Hamamoto Satoko
Fukushima Maki
Alam Abul Hasan MD.Badiul
Tsunashima Hiroyuki
Yajima Kichiji
Mushiake Etsuo

Shibayama Mamoru
Sakurai Yumio
Yonezawa Go

Information Processing Office

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics
Professor
Fujita Koichi

Nicanor Tiongson
Nagaraj Nareppa
Anthony Reid
Viengrat Nethipo
Eric Precioso
Martinez Kuhonta
Hong Liu
Myint Thein

Researchers of Scientific Research

Department of Area Informatics

Pharanai Sukhumungoon
Jegadeesan Muniandi
Herman Hidayat

Accounting Section

Chief Officer
Senior Officer
Officer
Staff

Nakanishi Aiko
Hidaka Miki
Yamamoto SachikoCenter for Integrated Area Studies

Terada Masao
Furukawa Hirosuke
Matsushige Yoko
Nakagawa Masako
Nakamura Etsuko

Student Affairs Section

Officer
Staff

Chief Officer
Officer

Tanigawa Tamekazu
Terasawa Harumi
Okamoto Sayuri
Nakao Chisato
Yamasaki Kei
Tashiro Takayuki

71

10

Organization

Director

Division of Integrated Area Studies

Deputy Director
Research Department

Division of Human-Nature Dynamics
Division of Socio-Cultural Dynamics

Council Meeting

Division of Economic and Political Dynamics

Faculty Meeting

Area Studies I (Visiting Research Fellows)

Executive Meeting

Area Studies II (Japanese Visiting Scholars)

Staff Meeting

Southeast Asian Documentation (Visiting Research Fellows)
Division of Information and Networks
Department of Area Informatics
Library
Editorial OfficeInformation Processing Office
Department of Practice-oriented Area Studies
Area Studies Planning and Promotion OfficeSecretariat of Research Department

72

Administrative Department

Student Affairs Section

Bangkok Liaison Office

Accounting Section

Jakarta Liaison Office

General Affairs Section

Access◆ From Kansai International Airport to JR Kyoto Station◆ From JR Kyoto Station to CSEAS

DemachiYanagi Sta.

Walk for five minutes to the north.

Kojin
BridgeKojinguchi
Bus Stop

Lake Biwa

Center for Southeast Asian Studies,
Kyoto University

Oike St.
Karasuma
Oike Sta.

Otsu

Kyoto
Uji

Kobe

Osaka

Hankyu Railway,
Kyoto Line

Nara

Kyoto City
Subway,Karasuma Line

Sakai
Kansai International Airport

Awaji Island

Jingu Marutamachi
Sta.

Shijo St.

Kyoto City Subway,
Tozai Line

KeihanRailway

Shichijo St.
JR Tokaido Main Line
JR Tokaido Shinkansen

Front and Back Cover picture captions

1

Center forSoutheast
Asian Studies
Sanjo St.

JR
Kyoto Station

2

Mt.Yoshida

Gojo St.

Kobe Airport

Osaka Bay

Konoe St.

Sanjo Sta.

Kawaramachi Sta.

Osaka International Airport

Kamo River

Kyoto
Shiyakusyo-mae Sta.

Kawaramachi St.

Marutamachi St.

Kyoto University
Higashioji St.

Karasuma St.

◆ From Jingu Marutamachi Station of Keihan Railway to CSEAS

Old Imperial
PalaceKawabata St.

Imadegawa St.

Take No.4, No.17 or No.205 bus (30 min.) and get off at Kojinguchi.
Then walk for five minutes to the east.

Shirakawa St.

By Limousine Bus: 105-minute ride
By Kansai Airport Limited Express (Haruka): 90-minute ride

1. This photo was taken on Mindoro Island,
Philippines during fieldwork. The children live ina rural community located on the slopes of Mount
Halcon 15 Kilometers from the Capital, Calapan
City. (Photo taken by Mario López AssistantProfessor)
2. Opposition party supporters exultant after thegoverning party is finally defeated after morethan 30 years at the Malaysian general election in
Mar. 2008. (Photo taken by Gaku Masuda in frontof the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party office, Kota
Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia)

CENTER FOR SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES, KYOTO UNIVERSITY 2009/2010© 2010 by Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University All rights reservedISBN 978-4-901668-71-2

CSEAS Revolutionizing Research for Future Generations

CENTER FOR SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES KYOTO UNIVERSITY
46 Shimoadachi-cho,Yoshida Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501 Japan
Telephone : +81-75-753-7302
Facsimile : +81-75-753-7350
http://www.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/