国総研ニューズレター
NILIM News Letter

No.46

Autumn 2013

■ Development of function sustaining technologies for buildings used as Disaster Prevention Bases
Building Department

The Great East Japan Earthquake destroyed the functions ofbuildings by causing damage of two kinds̶[1] structural damage bytsunami and [2] damage to non-structural members (non-structuralwalls, ceilings etc.), and damage was also revealed in governmentbuildings that must serve as disaster prevention bases. And due totornadoes that occurred in May of last year in Tsukuba City, ﬂying
fragments seriously damaged windows, doors, etc. of reinforced
concrete building structures. Those damages would make it difﬁcult tocontinue the use of buildings.

Therefore, the General Technology Development Project,“Development of function sustaining technologies for buildings usedas Disaster Prevention Bases”, that is scheduled for 4 years beginning
this year, will develop technologies and enact design guidelines, sothat the functions of buildings that serve as bases for emergency andrestoration activities will be sustained immediately after a disaster.
Speciﬁcally, as tsunami countermeasures, technology development
will be conducted to reduce the tsunami wave force using break-away
claddings and the blocking effects of surrounding buildings, etc.
As earthquake countermeasures, technologies will be developed
to reduce damage to non-structural walls by, for example, forming
proper located structural slits in reinforced concrete structures, and toprevent damage to suspended ceilings by not forming gaps between theceilings and wall surfaces etc.
And as a tornado countermeasure, a method of evaluating theresistance of cladding materials to ﬂying fragments will be developed.
In addition to developing these technologies, past research, existingknowledge etc. will be organized to prepare a design guideline fordisaster prevention bases. And when considering sustaining thefunctions of buildings, it is important to also prepare for the breakageof lifelines carrying electric power, gas, water and so on, so equipment
system function maintenance countermeasures will also be studied.

Building damaged by a tsunami

Details * NILIM web page (Project Research)

In response to damage caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake,the Building Department will develop technologies to be applied tosustain the functions of buildings that serve as bases for emergency
and restoration activities by preventing damage caused by tsunamis,
earthquakes and tornadoes.

Damaged non-structural wall

http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bbg/project/ppdf/pro-h25_5.pdf■ An Outline and Analysis of the low cost Carriers in Japan

Last year, three LCC companies began operating on domestic routes
in Japan. This is an outline and analysis of service by Japanese LCC.
Low cost carriers (LCC) have greatly expanded their share inEurope, America and South-east Asia, but although foreign LCC have
had access to the aviation market of Japan limited to internationalroutes for several years, LCC service on domestic routes began in2012. The ﬁrst, Peach Aviation based at Kansai International Airport,
began operating in March 2012, followed by two based at Narita:
Jetstar Japan in July and AirAsia Japan in August. These three LCC
later rapidly expanded their service at the same time as they engaged
in ﬁerce price competition. As a result, in October 2013, AirAsia
Japan suspended operation and reemerged as Vanilla Air, a 100%
owned subsidiary of ANA; the original purpose of the two airlines thatoriginally established it.
Thanks to the entrance to the market by the LCC, the number ofdomestic air passengers, which had tended to fall in recent years, began
to rise again. In particular, the number of domestic passengers using
Narita Airport and Kansai International Airport, which are the home
airports of the LCC, have increased sharply.
The in-service rate for the domestic operations of LCC in Japan is

Airport Department

the equal of that for the existing airlines, but their on-time arrival rate isa little inferior. Although their fare levels vary widely, their fares are far
lower than those of the existing airlines, and their seat occupancy rates
are generally higher than the average rates for the large airlines. But it
is said that all are operating in the red, so there are factors which could
lead to future destabilization of the operation of the three airlines. Itis also predicted that the Chinese LCC, Spring Airlines, will enter
Table Japanese LCC Table (September 2013)
AirlineBase airport

Domesticroutes

Peach Aviation
AirAsia Japan
Kansai International
Narita International
Kansai = Sapporo, Sendai, Narita = Sapporo,Fukuoka,Fukuoka, NahaNagasaki,
Kagoshima, Naha,Ishigaki
Naha = Ishigaki

International Kansai = Incheon, HongKong, Taoyuan
rou tes

Jetstar Japan
Narita International
Narita = Sapporo, Fukuoka,
Naha, Kansai,
Kagoshima, Oita,
Matsuyama
Kansai = Sapporo, Fukuoka,
Naha
Chubu = Sapporo, Fukuoka,
Kagoshima

Narita = Incheon,Busan, Taoyuan

Japan, serving Japanese domestic routes, so an intensiﬁed competitiveenvironment is forecast. It is believed that full-scale activities of LCC
will cause great changes in the aviation market and passenger travel inJapan, so we will continue to watch and analyze trends in the future.

1

■ To spread technologies to revolutionize sewerage systems − B-DASH Project −Water Quality Control Department, Wastewater and Sludge Management Division
In order to lower the cost of sewerage systems and create
renewable energy by verifying and spreading superior
revolutionary technologies, and at the same time to provide
support for the the overseas expansion of Japanese water andwastewater industries, the Sewerage and Wastewater Management
Department of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport andTourism began the B-DASH Project (Breakthrough by Dynamic
Approach in Sewage High Technology Project) in 2011, with theWater Quality Control Department of the NILIM performing thecorroborative research.
⑩
Sewer pipeline
Influent Utilization ofheat fromsewage

Project theme in 2011
(approx. 2.4 billion yen)Sewer pipeline Management

Sewage treatment(solid-liquid separation)①⑥

Effluent

Sewage treatment

HeatingResources⑦
NitrogenremovalFertilizer⑧
Phosphorus
recovery⑨⑤②Electricity
generation frombiomass

Productionof solid fuel③

Biogasrecovery
Biogas④

Project theme in 2012
(approx. 2.9 billion yen)

EnergySludge treatment

SewageSsludge

Used insideand outside ofsewage plants

EnergySystems combining thetechnologies:① Sewage treatment② Biogas recovery③ Biogas refining④Electricity generation frombiogasg

Sewage treatment plant

Electricpower plants
・ Paper mills etc.

City Gas・ Factories etc.

Gas
refining
Electricity
generation frombiogas

The technologies:⑤ Production of solid fuel fromsewage sludge⑥ Heat utilization from untreatedsewageg⑦Removal of nutrient(nitrogen)⑧Removal and recovery ofnutrient(phosphorus)(Combinations of the above
technologies possible)
Project theme in 2013
(approx. 4.0 billion yen)Use inside
off sewage
plants⑨Electricity⑨El
i i generationi fromfbiomass⑩Sewer pipeline management

Outline of the B-DASH Project

The B-DASH Project is implemented as follows. The Sewerageand Wastewater Management Department of the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism calls for the submission ofrevolutionary sewage technologies and B-DASH Project Evaluation
Committee screens the submitted technologies. Based on researchcontracted to the NILIM, the cost reduction, greenhouse gas emission
reduction effects, and other effects of each revolutionary technology
selected are veriﬁed using a full size scale plant which the researchorganization (party undertaking the contract) installs in sewage
treatment plants of local governments. And based on the results, theNILIM prepares guidelines to the introduction of each technology topromote its wide use.
Since FY2011, two technologies, water sewage treatment (solidliquid separation) and biogas recovery, reﬁning, and electricity
generation have been the topic of corroborative research, andguidelines were enacted in July 2013.
Since 2012, ﬁve technologies have been the object of corroborativeresearch. These are; [1] production of solid fuel from sewage
sludge, [2] heat utilization from untreated sewage, [3] removal ofnutrient(nitrogen) [4] removal and recovery of nutrient(phosphorus)(excluding technologies concerning water treatment [3] and [4]).
And in FY2013, we began corroborative research on twotechnologies related to electricity generation from biomass.

Details * Wastewater and Sludge Management Division Web Page
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/ecg/index.htm■ “Specification of Data Linkage for ASP Services” aimed at smooth sharing of information

among different ASP services

Research Center for Advanced Information Technology, Information Technology Division
The following is an introduction to Speciﬁcation of Data Linkage
for ASP Services, for ASP services linking contractors and theirclients during execution of construction work, and which wasannounced in September of 2013.

to master the operation of several systems to share information with allcontractors. And a contractor can freely select and use an ASP systemthat cooperating companies can also use without being dependent
on the system the client uses, and at the same time, ends the need toreenter data between ASP systems.
The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism will
add a function that links data between different ASP systems in 2014,
with its goal spreading the use of ASP systems with a data linking
system to cover all construction works.

The NILIM has studied data linkage interfaces which can be used
as a standard for ASP systems, and as speciﬁcations for standard
interfaces to link data, it has enacted “Speciﬁcation of Data Linkage
for ASP Services” (referred to below as “the Speciﬁcation”).
The Speciﬁcation stipulates format of linked data, sequence
Details * Speciﬁcation of Data Linkage for ASP Services (Draft)indicating timing of linkage, communication protocol used during
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/qbg/bunya/cals/asp.html
a linkage, and security measures which should be taken to establish
a linkage, for ASP systems equipped with thePresent
Goalfunctions shown in “Essential Information Sharing
System Functions Between Contractors andClients during Construction”.
ASP
ASP
System B
System A
The merits of data linking between ASP systems
ASP
Contractor a
Data linkage
include the fact that even in the case of an ASP
System A(on-site)
between ASPClientsystem with many difference contractors, it((on-site)it )allows a client and contractors to link data fromContractor b’s
By standardizing specifications
a single information sharing system to different
own ASPfor data lin
nking it is possible tonking,
ClientContractor
information systems. This lets a client specify one
efficientlyy develop data linking
Contractor bfunctiions for each ASP.
(on-site)
system for use as an ASP system, ending the need2

■ Opening facilities to the public

General Affairs Department, General Affairs Division
Planning and Research Administration Department, Planning Division

In order to introduce the contents of research conducted by theNILIM to prepare for large-scale disasters and deterioration ofsocial infrastructure to many members of the general public, itplans to regularly accept visitors to tour its facilities at itsAsahi site
(Tsukuba City).
The NILIM conducts various kinds of research in order to preparefor large-scale disasters such as the Great East Japan Earthquake anddeterioration of social infrastructure, as shown by the collapse of theceiling panels in the Sasago Tunnel on the Chuo Expressway etc. InApril 2013, the NILIM began providing facility tours to introduce suchresearch projects to the general public while permitting them to see
experimental facilities of the NILIM.

River tsunami model experiment tank

By the end of September, 9 groups consisting of a total of 133
visitors, both men and women and people of all ages, participated.
They gained ﬁrsthand knowledge of the importance of preparing fordisasters and the severity of the deterioration of social infrastructure.
We want many more people to participate in these tours in the future.
So if you wish to take part in a tour, please apply to the e-mail addressor phone number shown below.

Details * NILIM web site (facility tour page)
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bbg/kohkai/index.html

For inquiries and applications * General Affairs Department+81-29-864-2672

Members of bridges removed because of deterioration etc.

This facility reproduces thephenomenon called “run-up”,
which means a tsunami flowing upstream in a river course
as occurred during the Great
East Japan Earthquake. It is
used for research to discoverways to reduce the damage
which tsunamis cause.

Parts of bridges damaged
under various environments
including deterioration, salt
damage, and fire etc. arecollected and used for research on more appropriate
maintenance and management of bridges.

Examples of facilities toured● Schedule of Principal Events
Scheduled Dates

Event Name

November 13

The 11th Environmental Research Symposium
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/kisya/journal/kisya20131010.pdf

November 16

Open House (Public Works Day)
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/kisya/journal/kisya20131016.pdf

November 18

Port and Airport Technology Lecture 2013
http://www.ysk.nilim.go.jp/oshirase/20131011_01.pdf

November 23

14th Tokyo Bay Symposium
http://www.ysk.nilim.go.jp/oshirase/20131018_01.pdf

November 28

Yokosuka Office Autumn Open House

December 3

2013 Conference of the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bbg/kouenkai/kouenkai2013/kouenkai2013.htm

January 24, 2014

Technology Showcase 2014 (SCIENCE ACADEMY OF TSUKUBA)
http://www.science-academy.jp/showcase2014.shtml● Publication (research achievements) < August to October 2013>
Download from here * http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/siryou/index.htm

RESEARCH REPORT of NILIM
No.
53

Title of Paper

Names of DivisionsNumerical estimation of inflow flux of floating natural macro-debris into Tokyo Bay Coastal Zone Systems Division

3● Publication (research achievements) < August to October 2013> (to be continued)
Download from here * http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/siryou/index.htm

PROJECT RESEARCH REPORT of NILIM
No.

Title of Paper

Project Leaders

42

Development of Planning and Management Technologies for the Ultra-long-life
HousesDirector of the Housing Department

TECHNICAL NOTE of NILIM
No.

Title of Paper

Names of Divisions

684 Research on partial repainting for steel bridges− Partial repainting manual for steel bridges (draft) −Bridge and Structures Division

729 Disaster Recovery Activities by Construction Contractors at the Great East Japan
Earthquake ~ Records of initial disaster response for restoration and relief ofaffected areas ~Construction Economics Division

730 Urban Development Guidance for Urban Heat Island Countermeasures Utilizing“Kaze-no-Michi”

Urban Development Division,
Environmental and Equipment
Standards Division

731 FY2011 ANNUAL REPORT OF WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT AND WATER QUALITY Wastewater System Division,
CONTROL
Wastewater and Sludge ManagementDivision
732 Trends in Sabo Project Related Studies and Research ( Ⅸ )Erosion and Sediment Control
Division

733 Seismometers installed in the dams under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Land, Water Management and Dam Division
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
734 Acceleration records at dams under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

Water Management and Dam Division

735 Report of the Evaluation Sub Committee of NILIM in FY 2012 Evaluation
Committee of NILIM

Research Administration andEvaluation Division

738 Analysis of a beach as a linear input/output system of marine litter

Coastal Zone Systems Division

739 Influences of Integration Time on the Accuracy of Estimation of Initial Sea Surface Coastal Zone Systems Division
Elevation Based on Inversion Method by Using Oceanographic Radars
740 Study on community dynamics of index species (goby: Acanthogobiusflavimanus) towards Comprehensive assessment of coastal area

Marine Environment Division

741 Study on Sustainable Management of Waste Disposal Sites in Coastal Area

Coastal Disaster Prevention Division

742 Applicability of Tsunami Evacuation Simulation for Evacuation Activity during the Coastal, Marine and Disaster2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami
Prevention Department
743 A Study on the simple estimation method for residual deformation of quay walls
considering the effect of ground liquefaction during earthquake

Port Facilities Division

744 Study on International Air-Passenger Traffic in East and Southeast Asia (2013)

Airport Planning Division

747 Tachnical Note on Distress of the Cement Concrete Pavements

Research Coordinator for Road
Structures

748 Reference to MLITʼs Bridge Inspection Manual (2013)− Photographs related to damage rating and maintenance urgency ratings −Bridge and Structures Division● We provide you with research information.
・2013 Annual Report of NILIM
This web site introduces NILIM activities throughout the year, including research activities and achievements,future initiatives, etc.
Go to this web site: * http://www.nilim.go.jp/english/annual/annual2013/ar2013e.html
National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
Asahi 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0804, Japan(Tachihara) Tachihara 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0802, Japan(Yokosuka) Nagase 3-1-1, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-0826, JapanAutumn 2013
TEL:+81-29-864-2754 FAX:+81-29-864-4322
http://www.nilim.go.jp/english/eindex.htm
Edited and Published by National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management

No.46

国 総 研 ニ ューズ レ ター

NILIM News Letter