⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩9, 㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲㒊㛛 ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮
ᩍᤵబ⸨ ୕ஂࠊᮔ Ὀ♸ࠊඣ⋢ ♸ᝋࠊ㧗ᶫ ኱௓෸ᩍᤵᘓ㒊 ಟぢࠊሮ ᩄ༤

ㅮᖌ

ᕝᓥ ⱥஅ

ຓᩍ

ከ⏣㔝 ᐶே

◊✲ဨ⏣୰ ᫀᏹࠊᱵ⏣ ᏹ᫂ࠊ୰ᑿ ᫀᗈࠊያ㈡ ⚽⏨ࠊᯇᮏ ࿴ஓࠊJabri Mohamed Amin ᴫせᮏ◊✲㒊㛛࡛ࡣࠊ㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕࠊ୪ิࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ⎔ቃࠊ㻳㻼㼁฼⏝ᢏ⾡ࠊ୪ิᩘ್ฎ⌮ࡢ㧗㏿໬◊✲ࠊᗈᇦศᩓ⎔ቃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢹ࣮ࢱඹ᭷ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡍࡿࢢࣜࢵࢻィ⟬ᢏ⾡➼ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㻌 ◊✲ᡂᯝ
࠙₇⟬ຍ㏿ᶵᵓࢆᣢࡘᑗ᮶ࡢ HPCI ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟㛵ࡍࡿㄪᰝ◊✲ࠚ㸦బ⸨ࠊᮔࠊඣ⋢ࠊ㧗ᶫ㸧ᮏㄪᰝ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᑗ᮶ࡢ HPCI ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡢㄪᰝ◊✲࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ィ⟬ࡢ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟㐺ྜࡋࡓ₇⟬ຍ㏿ᶵᵓ࡟ࡼࡿ୪ิ኱つᶍࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࠊㄪᰝ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࢧ࢖ࢡ࣮ࣝ࣋ࢫࡢホ౯࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊᙜヱᖺᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ᫖ᖺᗘ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࢩࣥࢢࣝ
ࢳࢵࣉྥࡅࢧ࢖ࢡ࣮ࣝ࣋ࢫࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣐ࣝࢳࢳࢵࣉ࡟ࡼࡿࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ
ࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿ㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ୺࡞ᨵⰋⅬࡣࠊ(࢔)ࢢ࣮ࣟࣂ࣓ࣝࣔࣜ㸦GM㸧ᶵ⬟ࠊ(࢖)ࢳࢵࣉ

ෆ㏻ಙᶵᵓࡢ 3D/4D ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ࡬ࡢᑐᛂࠊ(࢘)ࢳࢵࣉ㛫㏻ಙᶵᵓࡢ 3 Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋGM ᶵ⬟ࡣ࢜ࣇࢳࢵࣉࡢ㧗ࣂࣥࢻᖜ࣓ࣔࣜࢆࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢺࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࠊྛࣈ࣮ࣟࢻ࢟ࣕࢫࢺ࣓ࣔࣜ(BM)࡟ GM ࡢྛࣃ࣮ࢸ࢕ࢩࣙࣥࡀ୍ᑐ୍࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿᙧ࡛ྠ᫬㌿㏦ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࢳࢵࣉෆ㏻ಙᶵᵓࡣ 3D/4D ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ࡬
ࡢᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ 3 ࣍ࢵࣉඛࡢࢥ࢔࡜┤᥋᥋⥆ࡍࡿࣂ࢖ࣃࢫ࣏࣮ࢺࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋࡓࠋࢳࢵࣉ㛫㏻
ಙᶵᵓࡣࠊ4 ḟඖࢺ࣮ࣛࢫࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡋࠊࢳࢵࣉ㛫ࡣ 1 ᑐ 1 ࡢ᥋⥆ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋࢳࢵࣉ㛫㏻ಙࡢࡓࡵ
ࡢࣂࢵࣇ࢓࡜ࡋ࡚ BM ࡜ྠᵝ࡟ྛࢥ࢔࡜᥋⥆ࡉࢀࡓ CM ࢆ 2 ḟඖ࣓ࢵࢩࣗࡢ 4 ᪉ྥ࡟ࡶࡕࠊࢥ࢔
࠿ࡽ CM ࡬ࡢ㌿㏦࠾ࡼࡧ CM ࠿ࡽࢥ࢔࡬ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㌿㏦ࡣࢥ࢔࿨௧࡛⾜࠸ࠊࢳࢵࣉ㛫ࡢ㏻ಙࡣ DMA㉳ື࡛⾜࠺ࠋᮏࢧ࢖ࢡ࣮ࣝ࣋ࢫࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ GM ฼⏝࠾ࡼࡧ」ᩘࢳࢵࣉ฼⏝ࡢሙྜࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣᆅ㟈Ἴィ⟬ࢥ࣮ࢻ࡛࠶ࡿ Seism3D ࢆ฼⏝ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀ
࡟ࡼࡾࠊࣆ࣮ࢡᛶ⬟ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᛶ⬟ぢ✚ࡶࡾ᪉ἲࡀጇᙜ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊᮏ◊✲࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ₇⟬ຍ㏿ࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧ 3$&6* ྥࡅࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ࣭ࣔࢹࣝࡢ᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗ
ࡓࠋ3$&6* ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ࣭ࣔࢹࣝࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊࡲࡎࠊࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔࠿ࡽࡢ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡ
ࢳࣕࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ࿨௧ࣞ࣋ࣝࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋḟ࡟ࠊ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕࡢヲ⣽ࢆグ㏙࡛ࡁࡿࠊపࣞ࣋ࣝࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢྥࡅࡢグ㏙ゝㄒ3$&6* ᣑᙇ & ゝㄒࢆタィࡋࠊ3$&6* ࡢ࿨௧ࣞ࣋
-118-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ࣝࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱ⏝࡟ࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࢆᐇ⿦ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ▱ぢࢆࡶ࡜࡟ࠊ୍⯡ࣉࣟࢢ࣐ࣛྥࡅ࡟ᣦ♧ᩥ࣮࣋ࢫ࡛ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࢆࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ୪ิゝㄒ 3$&6* ᣑᙇ ;FDODEOH03 ࢆタィࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣉࣟࢭ
ࢵࢧ㛫ࡢ㏻ಙࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜ $3, ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶタィࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱ࡟ᐇ⿦ࡋࡓࠋ ᝿ᐃࡉࢀࡿࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ⎔ቃࡢࢯࣇࢺ࢚࢘࢔ࢫࢱࢵࢡࢆᅗϭ ࡟♧ࡍࠋ  పࣞ࣋ࣝࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࡢࡓࡵࡢࠊ3$&6*ᣑᙇ & ゝㄒࠋ3( ࡢไᚚᵓᩥࠊ,QWULQVLF ࿨௧࡟ࡼࡾ࿨௧ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢグ㏙ࡀྍ⬟  ;FDODEOH03ᣑᙇ㸦2SHQ$&&㸧࡟ࡼࡿᣦ♧ᩥ࣮࣋ࢫࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ⎔ቃࢆᥦ౪  ᪤Ꮡࡢࢥ࣮ࢻ㸦୺࡟ࢫࢸࣥࢩࣝィ⟬㸧ࡢ⛣᳜ࢆᐜ᫆ࡍࡿࠋ'RPDLQ6SHFLILF/DQJXDJH '6/ ࡜࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ⢏Ꮚἲࡢࡓࡵࡢ '6/ ➼ࠊࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ  ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ࣍ࢫࢺ࡜༠ㄪࡋ࡚ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊ࣍ࢫࢺ࠿ࡽࡢ࢜ࣇ࣮ࣟࢻࡢࡓࡵࡢ
ᣦ♧ᩥ࣮࣋ࢫࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ⎔ቃࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࠋప࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡣ࣍ࢫࢺ࢖ࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࣛ
࢖ࣈࣛࣜࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠋ  ࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧ㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ03, ࡶࡋࡃࡣᑓ⏝࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ㏻ಙࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜࢆ᝿ᐃࠋ

DSL&

XcalableMP+
OpenACC(OpenMP)䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁
䝣䝺䞊䝮䝽䞊䜽

PACS-G ᣑᙇCゝㄒ
PACS-G 䜰䞊䜻䝔䜽䝏䝱             ᅗϭ3$&6* ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ࣭ࢯࣇࢺ࢚࢘࢔ࢫࢱࢵࢡࡢᵓᡂᅗ ᣑᙇ & ゝㄒࡣࠊపࣞ࣋ࣝࡢヲ⣽࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࡢࡓࡵࡢࡶࡢ࡛ࠊ୍⯡ࡢ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࣘ
࣮ࢨ࣮࡟ࡣ↹㞧࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࠊᣦ♧ᩥ࣮࣋ࢫ࡛ࠊศᩓ࣓ࣔࣜྥࡅࡢ 3*$6 ゝㄒ࡛࠶ࡿ;FDODEOH03 ࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࠊ2SHQ$&& ࡜⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚ࠊ)RUWUDQ ࡢ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ 3$&6* ྥࡅ⛣᳜ࢆᐜ᫆࡟ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟タィࡋࡓࠋ௨ୗ࡟ࠊ≉ᚩࢆᣲࡆࡿࠋ  ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ2SHQ$&& ࡢᣑᙇ;FDODEOH03 ࡢᯟ⤌ࡳࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ2SHQ$&& ࡛ 3( ࡟࢜ࣇ࣮ࣟࢻࡋࡓ᫬ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㓄⨨ࢆᣦᐃࡍࡿࠋ
WHPSODWH ࢆᣑᙇࡋ࡚ࠊ3(/0 ࢆ௬᝿໬ࡍࡿࠋ
  WHPSODWHᣦ♧ᩥ
3( ୖࡢ௬᝿ LQGH[ ✵㛫ࢆᐃ⩏ࡍࡿࠋศᩓ᪉ἲ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊEORFN ศᩓࡢࡳࢆ᝿ᐃࡍࡿࠋ
-119-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩  GDWDᣦ♧ᩥ
2SHQ$&& ࡢᣑᙇ࡛ࠊ3( ࡟࢜ࣇ࣮ࣟࢻࡉࢀࡓࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ 3( ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ⎔ቃࢆタᐃࡍࡿࠋࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࡣᙜึࡣࠊ*0 ࡲࡓࡣ࣐ࢫࢱࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧഃ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ๓ᥦ࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
FRS\FRS\LQFRS\RXWFUHDWHSUHVHQWSUHVHQWBRUBFRS\SUHVHQWBRIBFRS\LQSUHVHQWBRUBFRS\RXWSUVHVHQWBRUBFUHDWH ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ3( ഃ࡟ࢭࢵࢺ࢔ࢵࣉࡍࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᣦᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ
  DOLJQᣦ♧ᩥVKDGRZᣦ♧ᩥ
DOLJQ ᣦ♧ᩥ࡟ࡼࡾࠊWHPSODWH ࡟ᚑ࠸ࠊศᩓ㓄⨨ࢆᣦᐃࠋDOLJQ ࡛ᣦᐃࡉࢀ࡞࠸ሙྜ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࢀ
ࡒࢀࡢ 3( ࡛㔜」ࠋDOLJQ ࡛ศᩓࡉࢀࡓ㓄ิ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊVKDGRZ ᣦ♧ᩥ࡛ࠊ⿇㡿ᇦࢆ☜ಖࢆᣦᐃ࡛
ࡁࡿࠋ  SDUDOOHOᣦ♧ᩥྛ 3( ࡛ᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࢥ࣮ࢻࢆᣦᐃࠋ
  ORRSᣦ♧ᩥ࣮ࣝࣉࢆศ๭ᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࠋRQ⠇࡛ࠊ୪ิࡢ LQGH[ ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢆᣦᐃࠋUHGXFWLRQ ⠇࡛ࠊUHGXFWLRQ ࡍࡿኚᩘࢆᣦᐃࡍࡿࠋ
  UHIOHFWᣦ♧ᩥVKDGRZ 㡿ᇦࡢ XSGDWH ࢆᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࠋ  XSGDWHGLUHFWLYH
GDWD ⎔ቃ୰࡛ࠊ*0࣐ࢫࢱࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧ࡜ 3( ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࢆࡸࡾྲྀࡾࡍࡿࠋ ௨ୗ࡟ࠊODSODFH ᪉⛬ᘧࡢ㝧ゎἲࡢࢫࢸࣥࢩࣝィ⟬ࡢ౛ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ

-120-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩

SUBROUTINE lap_main(xsize, ysize, u,uu)
integer: xsize, ysize
double dimension(0:xisze+1,0:ysize+1): u, uu
integer: x,y,k㓄ิ䜔䝹䞊䝥䛾ศᩓฎ⌮䛻⏝䛔䜛䝔䞁䝥䝺䞊䝖䠄PEୖ䛾௬᝿index✵㛫䠅䜢ᐃ⩏
GM䛛䜙䚸LM䛻䝕䞊䝍䜢⛣ື (OpenACC)!$xpg

template tmpl(0:XSIZE+1, 0:YSIZE+1)

data copy(u, uu)LMୖ䛾ศᩓ㓄⨨䜢䝔䞁䝥䝺䞊䝖䛷ᐃ⩏align (i,j) with tmp(i,j) : u, uu
shadow uu(1:1,1:1)
ศᩓ㓄⨨䛥䜜䛯㓄ิ䛾⿇㡿ᇦ䜢ᐃ⩏
paralllel
do k = 0, NITER!$xpg arrayPE䛷䛾ᐇ⾜䛾㛤ጞ (OpenACC)
uu = u!$xpg reflect(uu)PE㛫䛾⿇㡿ᇦ䛾㏻ಙ
!$xpg loop on tmpl(i,j)
do x = 1, xsize
PE㛫䛾䝹䞊䝥䛾ศᩓᐇ⾜䜢䝔䞁䝥䝺䞊䝖䛷ᐃ⩏do y = 1, ysize
u(x,y) = (uu(x+1,y)+uu(x-1,y)+䝇䝔䞁䝅䝹ィ⟬uu(x,y+1)+uu(x,y-1))*0.25
enddo
enddo
enddo
!$xpg end parallelPE䛷䛾ᐇ⾜䛾⤊஢ (OpenACC)!$xpg end data
!$xpg
!$xpg
!$xpg
!$xpg

LM䛻GM䛻䝕䞊䝍䜢⛣ື (OpenACC)

࠙3*$6 ࣔࢹࣝ୪ิࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢゝㄒ ;FDODEOH03 ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ +3&&&ODVV$ZDUG ࡢཷ㈹ࠚ㸦బ⸨㸧 ;FDODEOH03 ࡣࠊ3& ࢡࣛࢫࢱࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ ;FDODEOH03 つ᱁㒊఍࡛ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕࡛㆟ㄽࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ 3*$6 ࣔࢹࣝࡢ୪ิࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢゝㄒ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⟃Ἴ኱࡜⌮◊࡛ࣞࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫᐇ⿦ 2PQL;FDODEOH03 ࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ᙜヱᖺᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ ᭶࡟㛤ദࡉࢀࡿ 6& ࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ +3&&&ODVV ࣋ࣥࢳ࣐࣮ࢡ࡟ிࢥ
ࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡛ࡢ ;FDODEOH03 ࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᥦฟࡋࠊ$ZDUG ࢆ⋓ᚓࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋ
࠙;HRQ3KL ྥࡅ ;FDODEOH03 ᐇ⾜᫬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢタィࠚ㸦బ⸨㸧
 3*$6ゝㄒ;FDODEOH03 ࡛グ㏙ࡋࡓࢫࢸࣥࢩࣝィ⟬ࢆ࣐ࣝࢳࣀ࣮ࢻࡢ࣓ࢽ࣮ࢥ࢔ࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧ
;HRQ3KL ୖ࡛ຠ⋡ࡼࡃᐇ⾜ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᐇ⾜᫬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆヨస࣭ホ౯ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢᐇ⾜᫬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛
ࡣࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ୪ิᐇ⾜࡟ࡣࣉࣟࢭࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࠊࢫࢸࣥࢩࣝࢥ࣮ࢻୖࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ㓄ิࡣ୪ิᩘ
࡛ࣈࣟࢵࢡศ๭ࡋࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ࡟⿇㡿ᇦࢆຍ࠼ࡓୖ࡛ඹ᭷࣓ࣔࣜୖ࡟⨨ࡃࠋ㓄ิࡢࣈࣟࢵ࢟ࣥࢢࡣ
࣓ࣔࣜཧ↷ࡢᒁᡤᛶࢆ㧗ࡵࠊࡉࡽ࡟⿇㡿ᇦࡢ㏣ຍ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࣈࣟࢵࢡ㛫ࡢቃ⏺㡿ᇦࢆ␗࡞ࡿࢥ࢔ࡀ
࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿ࢟ࣕࢵࢩࣗࣛ࢖ࣥࡢࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢࢆ๐ῶ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊ₇⟬ᛶ⬟ࡀྥୖࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ⿇㡿ᇦ஺᥮ࡢࡓࡵ࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࣀ࣮ࢻෆࡢࣉࣟࢭࢫ㛫㏻ಙࢆඹ᭷࣓ࣔࣜୖ࡛ࡢつ๎ⓗ࡞࣓ࣔࣜ㌿㏦࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊࡇࡢ㏻ಙ᫬㛫ࡶ๐ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ฼Ⅼࡀ࠶ࡿࠋホ౯ࡣࠊࡼࡿ /DSODFH᪉⛬ᘧࡢィ⟬࡜ጲ㔝࣋ࣥࢳ࣐࣮ࢡࡢ㸰ࡘࡢ࣋ࣥࢳ࣐࣮ࢡࢆ⏝࠸࡚⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࠊጲ㔝࣋ࣥࢳ࣐࣮ࢡ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪㸰ࣀ࣮ࢻ࠿ࡽ㸯㸴ࣀ࣮ࢻࡢ࣐ࣝࢳࣀ࣮ࢻୖ࡛ࠊᚑ᮶ࣉ
ࣟࢭࢵࢧྥࡁ࡟ᐇ⿦ࡉࢀࡓᐇ⾜᫬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࡢ㸰ಸ⛬ᗘࡢᛶ⬟ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ☜ㄆ
-121-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩࡛ࡁࡓࠋ࠙㝵ᒙⓗ୪ิࢥ࣏࣮ࣥࢿࣥࢺ࣮࣋ࢫ )3& ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࣔࢹࣝࡢ◊✲ࠚ㸦బ⸨㸧 -67 ᅜ㝿⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ඹྠ◊✲᥎㐍஦ᴗ㸦ᡓ␎ⓗᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸧ㄢ㢟ྡࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫ
ࢣ࣮࣭ࣝࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࡢࡓࡵࡢࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ࡜ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊࣇࣛࣥࢫ࡜
ࡢඹྠ◊✲ࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢ࡞࠿࡛ࠊ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮࣭ࣝࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࡢࡓࡵࡢ୪ิࣉ
ࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢᇶ┙࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ୪ิࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢゝㄒᣑᙇ௙ᵝ ;FDODEOH03 ;03 ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ௚ࡢࢢ
࣮ࣝࣉ࡛◊✲㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡿࢥ࣏࣮ࣥࢿࣥࢺ࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊୖ఩ࡢࣉࣟࢢ
࣑ࣛࣥࢢࣃࣛࢲ࢖࣒࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣮࣡ࢡࣇ࣮ࣟゝㄒ࡛࠶ࡿ <0/ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠋ;03 ࡛グ㏙ࡉࢀࡓࢥ࣏࣮ࣥ
ࢿࣥࢺ࠿ࡽࡣࠊ2SHQ03 ࡶࡋࡃࡣࠊᚋ㏙ࡍࡿ *38 ࡬ࡢᣑᙇ௙ᵝ ;03GHY ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ*38 ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ;03GHY ࠿ࡽࡣࠊᐇ⾜᫬ࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣛ 6WDU38 ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾィ⟬ࢆ *38 ࡜ &38࡟⮬ືⓗ࡟᣺ࡾศࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡢ㝵ᒙⓗ࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࣔࢹࣝ )3& )UDPHZRUNIRU
3RVW3HWDVFDOH&RPSXWLQJ㸧ࢆᅗ㸯࡟♧ࡍࠋᙜヱᖺᗘ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ<0/ ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆᢸᙜࡍࡿ࣋ࣝࢧ࢖ࣘ኱Ꮫࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ ,15,$ ࢧࢡࣞࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࠊ
⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜༠ຊࡋࠊிࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱୖ࡛ᛶ⬟ホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡢ )3& ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㝵ᒙᵓ㐀ࢆᣢࡘࣈࣟࢵࢡ࢞࢘ࢫࢪࣙࣝࢲࣥἲ࡟ࡼࡿᐦ⾜ิゎἲࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࢆࡇࡢࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ
ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝグ㏙ࡋࠊࡑࡢ᭷ຠᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ホ౯ࡋࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊ;03 ࡛୪ิ⾜ิ✚ࡢࢥ࣏࣮ࣥࢿࣥ
ࢺࢆグ㏙ࡋࠊࡑࡢࢥ࣏࣮ࣥࢿࣥࢺࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢞࢘ࢫࢪࣙࣝࢲࣥἲࢆ <0/ ࡛グ㏙ࡍࡿࠋホ౯ࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ㏫⾜ิࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿ࣋ࣥࢳ࣐࣮ࢡ࡟࠾࠸࡚ )3& ࡛グ㏙ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡀࠊ㏻ᖖࡢ 03, ࡛グ㏙ࡋࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡼࡾࡶᛶ⬟ࡀⰋ࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊࡑࡢ᭷ຠᛶ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ドࡋࡓࠋ

ᅗϭ )3& ࡟ࡼࡿ㝵ᒙⓗࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࣔࢹࣝ
-122-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩࢚࠙ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢẼೃࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢ⪏ᨾ㞀ᢏ⾡࠾ࡼࡧࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࣔࢹࣝࡢ◊✲ࠚ㸦బ⸨㸧 ከᅜ㛫ᅜ㝿◊✲༠ຊ஦ᴗ㸦*5HVHDUFK&RXQFLOV,QLWLDWLYH㸧ࡢ◊✲ㄢ㢟ࠕ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢ
Ẽೃࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ (QDEOLQJ&OLPDWH6LPXODWLRQDW([WUHPH6FDOH ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢẼೃࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࡢࡓࡵࡢ⪏ᨾ㞀ᢏ⾡࠾ࡼࡧࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࣔࢹࣝ
ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㻌 ⪏ᨾ㞀ᢏ⾡䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸ඹྠ◊✲⪅䛷䛒䜛 㻵㻺㻾㻵㻭 䛾 㻯㼍㼜㼜㼑㼘㼘㼛 ༤ኈ䛾䜾䝹䞊䝥䛜◊✲䜢㐍䜑䛶䛔䜛䚸䝝䜲䝤䝸䝑䝗䛺䝏䜵䝑䜽䝫䜲䞁䝖ᡭἲ䠄㻲㼞㼍㼚㼏㼗䠅䜢฼⏝䛩䜛ゝㄒᶵ⬟䛻䛴䛔䛶䚸ゝㄒ䝃䝫䞊䝖䛸䜽䝷䝇䝍䛻ศ๭䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾㧗㏿䜰䝹䝂䝸䝈䝮䜢タィ䞉ᐇ⿦䞉ホ౯䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹Ẽ㇟䝁䞊䝗䜢䛿䛨䜑䛸䛩䜛඾ᆺⓗ䛺⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ィ⟬䛾䜰䝥䝸䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷䛿䚸᫬㛫Ⓨᒎ➼䛾䝯䜲䞁䝹䞊䝥䜢ᣢ䛱䚸䝹䞊䝥䛤䛸䛻ྠ䛨㏻ಙ䝟䝍䞊䞁䛻䛺䜛䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔䚹䛣䛣䛻ὀ┠䛧䚸䝯䜲䞁䝹䞊䝥䜢ᣦ♧ᩥ䜢⏝䛔䛶ᣦᐃ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䚸䛣䛣䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸᭱ึ䛾⧞䜚㏉䛧䛷㏻ಙ䝟䝍䞊䞁䜢᳨ฟ䛧䚸ḟᅇ௨㝆䛾䝏䜵䝑䜽䝫䜲䞁䝖䛻䛚䛔䛶䚸䛣䜜䜢฼⏝䛩䜛䚹䝝䜲䝤䝸䝑䝗䝏䜵䝑䜽䝫䜲䞁䝖ᡭἲ䛿䚸ᒁᡤⓗ䛺䜽䝷䝇䝍㛫䛷䝏䜵䝑䜽䝫䜲䞁䝖䛩䜛䝯䝑䝉䞊䝆䝻䜼䞁䜾䛸䚸䜽䝷䝇䝍䛷༠ㄪ䝏䜵䝑䜽䝫䜲䞁䝖䜢⤌䜏ྜ䜟䛫䛯䜒䛾䛷䚸䛭䛾ศ๭䛜䝏䜵䝑䜽䝫䜲䞁䝖䛾ຠ⋡䜢ᕥྑ䛩䜛䚹䛣䛣䛷䛿䚸᭱ึ䛻㏻ಙ
䝟䝍䞊䞁䜢᳨ฟ䛧䚸ᐇ⾜᫬䛻䜽䝷䝇䝍ศ๭䜢ィ⟬䛧䛺䛟䛶䛿䛺䜙䛺䛔䛯䜑䛻䚸䜽䝷䝇䝍ศ๭⮬య䛾᫬㛫䜒㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䚹ᮏ䜾䝹䞊䝥䛷䛿䚸㏻ಙ䛩䜛ྛ䝥䝻䝉䝇䛜ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䝜䞊䝗䜢ศ๭䛾༢఩䛸䛧㻔㼚㼛㼐㼑㻙㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐㻕䚸ྛ䝜䞊䝗䛿ṇつⓗ䛺䜾䝸䝑䝗䞉䝖䝫䝻䝆䞊䛷ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䠄㼓㼞㼕㼐㻙㼎㼍㼟㼑㼐䠅䛸䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䚸▷᫬㛫䛻᭱㐺໬ศ๭䜢⾜䛖䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹䛣䜜䜢䚸Ẽ㇟䛾䝭䝙䜰䝥䝸䛷䛒䜛 㻳㻯㻙㻼㻻㻼 䜔௚䛾⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ィ⟬䝁䞊䝗䠄㻳㼑㼛㻲㻱㻹䠅䛻㐺⏝䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䚸୍⯡ⓗ䛺䜾䝷䝣ศ๭䜰䝹䝂䝸䝈䝮䜘䜚䜒኱ᖜ䛻▷᫬㛫䛷䜾䝷䝣ศ๭䛜ྍ⬟䛷䚸ᚓ䜙䜜䛯ศ๭䜒ྠ⛬ᗘ䛾᭱㐺໬䠄䜶䝑䝆䜹䝑䝖➼䠅䛜⾜䛘䜛䛣䛸䜢♧䛧䛯䚹㻌㻌 䜎䛯䚸䝥䝻䜾䝷䝭䞁䜾䛻䛴䛔䛶䛿䚸⌮◊ィ⟬⛉Ꮫᶵᵓ䛻䛒䜛ி䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝍䛻䛚䛡䜛Ẽ㇟䝁䞊䝗䛾ᛶ⬟ホ౯䛸᭱㐺໬䛻ྲྀ䜚⤌䜣䛰䚹≉䛻䚸ி䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝍䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿∦᪉ྥ㏻ಙ䜢⏝䛔䛶Ẽ㇟䝁䞊䝗䛾㏻ಙ䜢⾜䛔䚸ᛶ⬟䛾ᨵၿ䜢⾜䛳䛯䚹ᮏ䜾䝹䞊䝥䛷䛿䚸㻳㻭㻿㻔㻼㼍㼞㼠㼕㼠㼕㼛㼚㼑㼐㻌㻳㼘㼛㼎㼍㼘㻌㻭㼐㼐㼞㼑㼟㼟㻌㻿㼜㼍㼏㼑㻕䝰䝕䝹䛻ᇶ䛵䛟୪ิ䝥䝻䜾䝷䝭䞁䜾ゝㄒ 㼄㼏㼍㼘㼍㼎㼘㼑㻹㻼 䜢㛤Ⓨ䛧䛶䛚䜚䚸∦᪉ྥ㏻ಙ䛻䛿䛣䛾ゝㄒ䛾ᶵ⬟䛾䠍䛴䛷䛒䜛 㻯㼛㼍㼞㼞㼍㼥 䜢⏝䛔䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䜚䚸ᚑ᮶䛾 㻹㻼㻵 ㏻ಙ䜘䜚䜒⡆౽䛻グ㏙䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛䚹䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䚸㻳㻳㻙㻼㻻㻼 䛷䛿䝝䞊䝗䜴䜶䜰䛻䜘䜛䝸䝎䜽䝅䝵䞁㏻ಙ䛾฼⏝䛸ྜ䜟䛫䛶䚸㻤㻠㻑㻔㻣㻡㻜㻜 䝜䞊䝗㻕䛾ᛶ⬟ᨵၿ䚸㻺㻵㻯㻭㻹 䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿 㻣㻑㻔㻢㻠㻜䝜䞊䝗㻕䚸㻯㻵㻯㻱 䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿 㻝㻡㻑䠄㻝㻜㻞㻠 䝜䞊䝗䠅䛾ᛶ⬟ᨵၿ䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䚹≉䛻䚸䝜䞊䝗ᩘ䛜ከ䛔኱つᶍ䛺䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䛷ᛶ⬟䛜ᨵၿ䛷䛝䚸ᑗ᮶䛾䜶䜽䝃䝇䜿䞊䝹ィ⟬䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䚸∦᪉ྥ㏻ಙ䛻䜘䜛㏻ಙ䛾᭱㐺໬䛜㔜せ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䛳䛯䚹㻌

࠙HA-PACS/TCA ࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࠚ㸦ᮔࠊඣ⋢ࠊሮ㸧 ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬≉ู⤒㈝ࠕ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝィ⟬ᢏ⾡㛤ᣅ࡟ࡼࡿඛ➃Ꮫ㝿ィ⟬⛉Ꮫᩍ⫱◊✲ᣐⅬࡢ඘
-123-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ᐇࠖ
㸦H23ࠥH25 ᖺᗘࡢ 3 ᖺ㛫㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᐦ⤖ྜ₇⟬ຍ㏿⿦⨨㸦Tightly Coupled Accelerators:
TCA㸧ࢆᥦ᱌ࡋࠊ୰᰾࡜࡞ࡿ PEACH2 (PCI Express Adaptive Communication Hub ver.2)ࢳࢵ
ࣉࢆ FPGA ࡟ࡼࡾᐇ⿦ࡋࠊࡇࢀࢆỗ⏝ GPU ࢡࣛࢫࢱࣀ࣮ࢻ࡟ᐇ⿦ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ PCI Express ࣮࣎ࢻࡢࣁ࣮ࢻ࢙࢘࢔ࢆ᏶ᡂࡉࡏࠊࡇࢀࢆ㔞⏘ࡋࡓࣂ࣮ࢪࣙࣥࢆ඲ィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻ࡟ᦚ㍕ࡋࡓ
HA-PACS/TCA ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࡓࠋ ᅗϭ-3 ࡟㔞⏘ᆺࡢ PEACH2 ࣮࣎ࢻࡢ෗┿ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ࣮࣎ࢻ୰ኸ࡟ᨺ⇕ࣇ࢕ࣥ࡜ඹ࡟ FPGA
(Altera Stratix-IV) ࡀタ⨨ࡉࢀࠊDRAM ࣓ࣔࣜࠊ௚ࡢࣀ࣮ࢻ࡜ࡢእ㒊 PCIe ࣜࣥࢡ᥋⥆ࡢࡓࡵࡢ࣏࣮ࢺ㸦ィ 3 ࣏࣮ࢺ㸧࡜࣐ࢨ࣮࣮࣎ࢻ࡟᥋⥆ࡉࢀࡿ PCIe ࢫࣟࢵࢺࢆഛ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࣮࣎ࢻࡢྑഃ
1/3 ⛬ᗘࡢ࢚ࣜ࢔ࡣᏳᐃ໬㟁※ࡢࡓࡵࡢࣞࢠ࣮ࣗࣞࢱ㢮࡛࠶ࡿࠋᅗϭ3($&+ ࣮࣎ࢻ㸦㔞⏘ᆺ㸧 HA-PACS/TCA㸦௨ୗࠊTCA 㒊㸧ࡣᖹᡂ 25 ᖺ 10 ᭶࡟ᑟධࡉࢀࠊᖹᡂ 24 ᖺ㸰᭶࠿ࡽ✌ാ㛤ጞࡋࡓ HA-PACS ࣮࣋ࢫࢡࣛࢫࢱࡢᣑᙇ㒊ศ࡜ࡋ࡚᥋⥆ࡉࢀࡓࠋ࣮࣋ࢫࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡜ TCA 㒊ࡣඹ㏻ࡢ
InfiniBand ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢫ࢖ࢵࢳ࡟᥋⥆ࡉࢀࠊࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢧ࣮ࣂ➼ࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿࠋTCA 㒊ࡀ࣮࣋ࢫࢡ
ࣛࢫࢱ࡜኱ࡁࡃ㐪࠺Ⅼࡣࠊ඲ࣀ࣮ࢻ㸦64 ࣀ࣮ࢻ㸧࡟ PEACH2 ࣮࣎ࢻࢆ⿦╔ࡋࠊTCA ᢏ⾡࡟ࡼࡿపࣞ࢖ࢸࣥࢩࡢ GPU 㛫┤᥋㏻ಙࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ࠊGPU ࡜ࡋ࡚ NVIDIA ♫ࡢ᭱㧗ᛶ⬟〇ရ࡛࠶ࡿ Tesla K20X ࢆᦚ㍕ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡞࠾ࠊK20X ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ Linpack ᛶ⬟ࡣຠ⋡ࡀ 70%௨ୖࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࠊTCA 㒊ࡢࡳ࡛ࡢ Linpack ᛶ⬟ࡣ 277 TFLOPSࠊ㟁ຊᙜࡓࡾࡢ Linpack ᛶ⬟ࡣ3518MFLOPS/W ࡛ࠊ2013 ᖺ 11 ᭶ࡢ Green500 ࣜࢫࢺ࡛ୡ⏺➨୕఩࡟ࣛࣥࢡࡉࢀࡓࠋ TCA 㒊ࡢ᏶ᡂ࡟ࡼࡾࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ㸰ࣀ࣮ࢻ㛫࡛ࡢᇶᮏ㏻ಙᛶ⬟ホ౯࡟ຍ࠼ࠊከᩘࣀ࣮ࢻ࡛ࡢ㞟
ྜ㏻ಙࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜࡸ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡬ࡢ㐺⏝ࢆ㛤ጞࡋࡓࠋTCA 㒊᏶ᡂᚋࡢᮏ᱁ⓗ࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ཬ
ࡧ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࡢ㛤Ⓨࡣ JST-CREST ◊✲㡿ᇦࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬࡟㈨ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ᢏ⾡ࡢ๰ฟࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ᫬௦࡟ྥࡅࡓ₇⟬ຍ㏿ᶵᵓ࣭㏻ಙᶵᵓ⤫ྜ⎔ቃࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࠖ㸦◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ᮔὈ♸㸧࡟ᘬࡁ⥅ࡀࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋPEACH2
࡟ࡼࡿ TCA ㏻ಙࡣᇶᮏ㏻ಙᛶ⬟ࡢࢳ࣮ࣗࢽࣥࢢࡀ㐍ࡳࠊᖹᡂ 25 ᖺᗘᮎ᫬Ⅼ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᭱ᑠࣞ࢖
ࢸࣥࢩࢆ⣙ 2ȣ⛊ࡲ࡛⦰ࡵࠊPC ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ஦ᐇୖࡢᶆ‽㏻ಙᢏ⾡࡛࠶ࡿ InfiniBand FDR-124-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ࡢ⣙ 1/3 ࡜࠸࠺ᴟࡵ࡚▷࠸ࣞ࢖ࢸࣥࢩࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ256KB ⛬ᗘࡲ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㌿㏦࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣྠࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆୖᅇࡿࣂࣥࢻᖜࢆ㐩ᡂࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊຍ࠼࡚ DMA ࢳ࢙࢖ࢽࣥࢢࡸࣈࣟࢵࢡ
ࢫࢺࣛ࢖ࢻ㌿㏦➼ࠊ඾ᆺⓗ࡞⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ィ⟬࡟࠾ࡅࡿᵝࠎ࡞㏻ಙࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࡢ᭱㐺໬ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᅗϭ-4 ࡟ point-to-point ࡛ࡢ㏻ಙᛶ⬟ࢆ♧ࡍࠋTCA 㒊࡟࠾࠸࡚ Intel ࡢ IvyBridge ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡ
ࢳࣕࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧࡢ CPU ࢆᑟධࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊCPU ෆⶶࡢ PCIe ࢫ࢖ࢵࢳࡢᛶ⬟ࡀᨵၿࡉࢀࠊ
ࣀ࣮ࢻࢆ㊬ࡄ GPU 㛫㏻ಙ࡛ࡶ༑ศ࡞ࣂࣥࢻᖜࡀ㐩ᡂࡉࢀࡓࠋ

ᅗϭ-4 ᭱㐺໬ࡉࢀࡓ TCA ᶵᵓ࡟ࡼࡿ㏻ಙᇶᮏᛶ⬟㸦ᕥ㸸ࣞ࢖ࢸࣥࢩࠊྑ㸸ࣂࣥࢻᖜ㸧 TCA ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊNVIDIA ♫࡛㛤Ⓨࡀ⥆ࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ GPU ྥࡅ
QCD ࣛ࢖ࣈ࡛ࣛࣜ࠶ࡿ QUDA ࢆࠊྠ♫࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾ TCA ࡟⛣᳜ࡋࡓࠋ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝࡣ MPI
࡟ࡼࡗ࡚グ㏙ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࢆ TCA ࡟⛣᳜ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ∦᪉ྥ㏻ಙࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࡋࡓ RMA(Remove Memory Access)ࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜࢆ᪂ࡓ࡟ᐃ⩏ࡋࠊ㏻ಙ㒊ศࢆࡇࢀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚᭩ࡁ᥮࠼ࡓࠋࡑࡢ
ୖ࡛ࠊRMA ࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜࡢ TCA ᐇ⿦࡜ࠊẚ㍑ᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿ MPI-3 ࡢ∦᪉ྥ㏻ಙࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ⿦ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊẚ㍑ࡋࡓࠋ㏻ಙࡀ࣎ࢺࣝࢿࢵࢡ࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᑠࡉ࡞ィ⟬ࣔࢹࣝ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊTCA ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ strong
scaling ࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࡼࡾ୍⯡ⓗ࡞ᩘ್ィ⟬ࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ୪ิCG ἲࡢ GPU ᐇ⿦࡟ TCA ࢆ㐺⏝ࡋࡓࠋNAS-PB ➼ࡢ CG ἲᐇ⿦ࢆཧ⪃࡟ࠊྛ GPU ୖ࡛ࡢ␯⾜ิ࣋ࢡࢺࣝ✚࣮ࣝࢳࣥࡢ௚ࠊGPU ୖࡢィ⟬⤒㐣࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡢ reductionࠊཬࡧྛ㒊ศ࣋ࢡࢺࣝࡢ
alltoall ㏻ಙ࡜࠸࠺ 2 ✀㢮ࡢ㞟ྜ㏻ಙࢆ TCA ࡟ࡼࡾᐇ⿦ࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㐍⾜୰࡛࠶ࡾࠊ
௒ᚋᛶ⬟ࢳ࣮ࣗࢽࣥࢢࢆ㡰ḟ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃࠋ࠙GPU ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୪ิゝㄒ࣮࣋ࢫ࡛ࡢ GPU/CPU ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢࠚ㸦బ⸨ࠊᮔ㸧-125-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ ᖹᡂ 25 ᖺᗘᮎࢆࡶࡗ࡚⤊஢ࡋࡓᡓ␎ⓗᅜ㝿⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡༠ຊ᥎㐍஦ᴗ㸦᪥௖ඹྠ◊✲㸧ࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌
ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࡢࡓࡵࡢࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ࡜ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ㧗ࣞ࣋ࣝ୪ิࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢ⎔ቃ࡛ࡢ &38*38 ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⌮໬Ꮫ◊✲ᡤ࡜ඹྠ㛤Ⓨࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ;FDODEOH03 ࡢ *38 ᑐᛂ∧࡛࠶ࡿ ;03GHY ࢆᑐ㇟࡟ࠊ୪ิ໬ࡉࢀࡓࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ
࡟ᑐࡋࠊྛィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻୖࡢࣛࣥࢱ࢖࣒ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ *38 ࡜ &38 ࢥ࢔ࡢ඲ィ⟬ࣜࢯ࣮ࢫࢆ᭷ຠ
฼⏝ࡍࡿືⓗ㈇Ⲵศᩓࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࣇࣛࣥࢫ ,15,$ ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟ᇶ࡙ࡁࠊ
ᙼࡽࡀ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓ 6WDU38 ࣛࣥࢱ࢖࣒ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᡃࠎࡢ ;03GHY ࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛ࡜༠ㄪືసࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡟
ࡼࡾࠊᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓ
 6WDU38 ᮏయࡣ࣮ࣘࢨ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᴟࡵ࡚ᢅ࠸࡟ࡃࡃࠊ㈇Ⲵศᩓࡢᑐ㇟࡜࡞ࡿ୪ิࢱࢫࢡࡢᐃ⩏ࡸࢹ࣮ࢱࡢධฟຊࢆ↹㞧࡞グ㏙࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⾲ࡉ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽࡎࠊᐇᛂ⏝ࡢ㞀ቨ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ;03GHY࡜ࡢ࢝ࢵࣉࣜࣥࢢ࡟ࡼࡾࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡣ㏻ᖖࡢ *38 ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓ ;03GHY ゝㄒ࡛ࡢグ㏙ࢆ⾜࠺ࡔࡅ࡛ࠊ
6WDU38 ࡢ *38&38 ືⓗ㈇Ⲵศᩓᶵ⬟ࢆ฼⏝࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡑࡢ㝿ࠊ*38 ࡜ &38 ࢥ࢔࡜࠸࠺₇⟬ᛶ⬟ࡀ኱ᖜ࡟␗࡞ࡿࣜࢯ࣮ࢫ࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢧ࢖ࢬࡢࢱࢫࢡࢆ๭ࡾᙜ࡚ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࠊࢱࢫࢡศ๭᪉ἲࡀᛶ⬟ୖࡢၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ✺ࡁṆࡵࠊࡇࡢศ๭⮬యࢆືⓗ࡟ኚ᭦ࡍࡿᶵ⬟ࢆ㏣ຍࡋࡓࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠊ཯᚟
ィ⟬࡟࠾࠸࡚ *38 ࡜ &38 ࢥ࢔ࡢ㈇Ⲵ≧ἣࢆほᐹࡋࠊ⡆༢࡞࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡑࡢẚ⋡ࢆኚ᭦ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᅗϭ ࡟ࠊ㔜ຊከయၥ㢟㸦1%RG\㸧ཬࡧ⾜ิ⾜ิ✚㸦00㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ*38 ࡢࡳࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ ;03GHYࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛᐇ⾜࡟ᑐࡋࠊᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ࡼࡿ *38&38 ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢࢆ᭱㐺࡟㐺⏝ࡋࡓሙྜࡢ
ᛶ⬟ྥୖࢆ♧ࡍࠋ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸၥ㢟つᶍࠊ౑⏝ *38 ᩘ࡟౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡀࠊ᭱኱࡛ ࠥ ಸࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖࡀᐇ⌧ࡉࢀࡓࠋ

ᅗϭ ;03GHY6WDU38 ࡟ࡼࡿ *38&38 ࣮࣡ࢡࢩ࢙࢔ࣜࣥࢢࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖ࠙᰾⼥ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ୪ิ GPU ໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠚ㸦ᮔ㸧 -636 ከᅜ㛫ᅜ㝿◊✲༠ຊ஦ᴗ㸦*5HVHDUFK&RXQFLOV,QLWLDWLYH㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ㄢ㢟ࠕ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ
-126-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩࣮ࣝつᶍࡢ᰾⼥ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࠖ㸦+ࠥ+ ᖺᗘࠊ◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸ᮔὈ♸㸧࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ᪥ᮏཎ
Ꮚຊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᶵᵓཬࡧ⡿ᅜࣉࣜࣥࢫࢺࣥ኱Ꮫ࡜ࡢඹྠ◊✲࡟ࡼࡾࠊḟୡ௦᰾⼥ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙ
ࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ୪ิ *38 ໬ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ๓⪅࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠕிࠖ➼࡛㛤Ⓨ୰ࡢ *7' ࢥ࣮ࢻࢆࠊᚋ⪅࡟࠾
࠸࡚ࡣ %*4 ➼࡛㛤Ⓨ୰ࡢ *7&3 ࢥ࣮ࢻࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿࠋ
 *7' ࢥ࣮ࢻ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ3*,&8'$)RUWUDQ ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ +$3$&6 ࣮࣋ࢫࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡬ࡢ⛣᳜ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ඲ࢥ࣮ࢻࢆ *38 ໬ࡋࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ඲࡚ࢆ *38 ࣓ࣔࣜ࡟ಖᣢࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࢥ࣮ࢻࢆసᡂࡋࡓࠋ
03, ㏻ಙ࡜ *38࣭&38 㛫ࢹ࣮ࢱ㌿㏦ࡢ࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣛࢵࣉࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ෌㓄⨨ࢆక࠺ 03, ㏻ಙ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
&38 ࡜ *38 ࡛ࡢฎ⌮ࡢศᩓࠊྛ࣮࢝ࢿࣝࡢ᭱㐺໬➼ࡢᛶ⬟ྥୖࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ࠊ+$3$&6࣮࣋ࢫࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾࠸࡚᭱኱  ࣀ࣮ࢻࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜࠊ&38 ࡢࡳࢆ⏝࠸ࡓሙྜ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚  ಸࡢᛶ⬟ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ
 *7&3 ࢥ࣮ࢻ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ୪ิグ㏙ゝㄒ ;FDODEOH03 ;03 ࡢᛂ⏝౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࣥࢢࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊ;03 ࡟ࡼࡿᐇ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ึࡵ࡚ࡢヨࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠊJOREDO YLHZ ࡜ ORFDO YLHZࡢ K\EULGYLHZ グ㏙࡟ࡼࡿ 3,& 3DUWLFOH,Q&HOO ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢグ㏙ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋ*7&3 ࡣ 3,& ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ୍
✀࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㟼ⓗ࡞✵㛫㸦ሙ㸧ࡢ≀⌮ࡢグ㏙࡜ࠊ㟁Ꮚ➼ࡢ⢏Ꮚࡀືⓗ࡟ືࡁᅇࡿ࡜࠸࠺஧✀㢮ࡢ᣺ࡿ⯙࠸࡟ᑐࡋࠊࢹ࣮ࢱཬࡧฎ⌮ࡢศᩓࡢグ㏙ࡢࡋ᫆ࡉ࡜ࣉࣟࢭࢫ㛫ࡢ㈇Ⲵࡢኚືࢆྠ᫬࡟グ㏙
ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋᚑ᮶ࡢ 03, ᐇ⿦࡛ࡣ඲࡚ࢆヲ⣽࡟グ㏙ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ;03 ࡢ K\EULGYLHZ
グ㏙࡛ࡣࠊ㟼ⓗ࡞✵㛫ࡢศ๭ࡣ ;03 ࡢᐉゝᩥࡔࡅ࡛ࢹ࣮ࢱศ๭࣭ฎ⌮ศ๭࣭ศᩓࢹ࣮ࢱࡢྠᮇࢆ
⡆₩࡟グ㏙࡛ࡁࠊࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࡢ⏕⏘ᛶࡀྥୖࡍࡿࠋ୍᪉ࠊືⓗせ⣲ࡀᙉ࠸㒊ศ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ FRDUUD\
グἲ࡟ࡼࡿ∦᪉ྥ㏻ಙ࡛グ㏙ࡋࠊྠᵝ࡟ 03, ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ↹㞧࡞㓄ิグ㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ⏕⏘ᛶపୗせᅉࡀ᤼㝖࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ᅗϭ ࡟ +$3$&6 ࣮࣋ࢫࢡࣛࢫࢱ㸦&38 ࡢࡳ౑⏝㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ VWURQJVFDOLQJ ࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯ࢆ♧ࡍࠋ࢜ࣜࢪࢼࣝࡢ 03, ᐇ⿦ࠊ;03 ࡟ࡼࡿ FRDUUD\ グ㏙࡛༢⣧࡟ 03, ㏻ಙࢆ⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡓሙྜࠊ
K\EULGYLHZ
࡟ࡼࡿグ㏙ࡢሙྜ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ୪ิ໬࡟ࡼࡿฎ⌮᫬㛫ࡢ▷⦰ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋK\EULG YLHZ ࡛ࡣ௚ࡢ ᪉ᘧ࡟ẚ࡭᭱኱࡛ⱝᖸฎ⌮᫬㛫ࡀᘏࡧ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀࡣ㓄ิࡢ࢖ࣥࢹࢵࢡࢫィ⟬ࢆ⮬ື໬ࡋ࡚࠸
ࡿ㒊ศ࡛ࡢ࣮࢜ࣂ࣊ࢵࢻ➼ࡀཎᅉ࡛ࠊ௒ᚋࢥࣥࣃ࢖ࣛࡢᨵⰋࢆ⾜࠺ணᐃ࡛࠶ࡿࠋK\EULG YLHZ ࡟ࡼࡿ⏕⏘ᛶࡢྥୖࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜༑ศ༑ศチᐜྍ⬟࡞ᛶ⬟ᕪ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ

-127-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ᅗϭ ;03 K\EULGYLHZ ࡟ࡼࡿ *7&3 ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ VWURQJ VFDOLQJ ᛶ⬟㸦ᕥྑࡣ୪ิ໬࡟࠾ࡅࡿศ๭
᪉ྥࢆኚ࠼ࡓሙྜ࡛ࠊ࡝ࡢศ๭᪉ἲ࡛ࡶ࡯ࡰྠࡌഴྥࡢ㧗㏿໬ࡀ⾜࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸧㻌࠙୪ิ㧗㏿ࣇ࣮࢚ࣜኚ᥮࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠚ㸦㧗ᶫ㸧⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ィ⟬࡛ᗈࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ୪ิ㧗㏿ࣇ࣮࢚ࣜኚ᥮㸦FFT㸧ࡢᛶ⬟ࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ
㧗㏿໬ᡭἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝィ⟬⎔ቃࡢ୍ࡘ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ GPU ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾࠸࡚୪ิ FFT ࢆᐇ⾜ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࠊ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࡸᐇ⿦ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸࠿࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚
ウࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋGPU ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾࠸࡚୪ิ FFT ࢆ⾜࠺㝿࡟ࡣ㸪඲ᑐ඲㏻ಙࡀ」ᩘᅇ⾜ࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜
࠿ࡽ㸪ィ⟬᫬㛫ࡢ኱㒊ศࡀ඲ᑐ඲㏻ಙ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚༨ࡵࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡉࡽ࡟ CPU ࡜ GPU 㛫ࢆ᥋⥆ࡍࡿ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࣇ࢙࣮ࢫ࡛࠶ࡿ PCI Express ࣂࢫࡢ⌮ㄽࣆ࣮ࢡࣂࣥࢻᖜࡣ PCI Express Gen 2
x 16 ࣮ࣞࣥࡢሙྜ࡟ࡣ୍᪉ྥ࠶ࡓࡾ 8GB/sec ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊCPU ࡜ GPU 㛫ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㌿㏦᫬㛫ࢆ๐ῶࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㔜せ࡟࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊCPU ࡜ GPU 㛫ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ㌿㏦࡜ィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻ㛫ࡢ
MPI ㏻ಙࢆࣃ࢖ࣉࣛ࢖ࣥ໬ࡋ࡚࣮࢜ࣂ࣮ࣛࢵࣉࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ MPI ࣛ࢖ࣈ࡛ࣛࣜ࠶ࡿ
MVAPICH2 ࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊࡇࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽ࡟ࠊFFT ࡢฎ⌮࡟࠾࠸࡚ฟ⌧ࡍࡿ⾜ิࡢ㌿⨨ࡢฎ⌮ࢆ GPU ୖ࡛⾜࠺࡞࡝ࡢᕤኵࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࠊGPU ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୪ิ FFT ࡀ PC ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୪ิ FFT ࡼࡾࡶ㧗㏿࡟ᐇ
⾜࡛ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ-128-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩

HA-PACS ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୪ิ୕ḟඖ FFT ࡢᛶ⬟ 

HA-PACS ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ୪ิ୕ḟඖ FFT
ࡢᐇ⾜᫬㛫ࡢෆヂᅗϭ 㧗ᛶ⬟ ))7 ࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯࠙ࢹ࣮ࢱ࢖ࣥࢸࣥࢩࣈࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࡢࡓࡵࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࠚ㸦ᘓ㒊ࠊᕝᓥ㸧 ࣅࢵࢢࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱ࢖ࣥࢸࣥࢩࣈࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢆ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒
࡛ᐇ᪋ࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊศᩓࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠊィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻ OSࠊᐇ⾜᫬ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢタィࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࣉࣟࢺ
ࢱ࢖ࣉᐇ⿦࡟ࡼࡿホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⌧⾜ࡢศᩓࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣࠊ࣓ࢱࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࣮ࣂࡢᛶ⬟ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࢔ࢡࢭࢫᛶ⬟ࡢ࠸ࡎࢀ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠊ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟
࠾࠸࡚ࡣ༑ศ࡞ᛶ⬟ࢆⓎ᥹ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ௨㝆ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚲ
せ࡜࡞ࡿ࣓ࢱࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࣮ࣂࡢᛶ⬟ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱ࢔ࢡࢭࢫᛶ⬟ࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕࠊ
ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࡢ㌿᥮ࡀᚲせ࡜࡞ࡿࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࠾࠸࡚ᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀࡿᛶ⬟ࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘
࢔ࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ       ᅗϭ-8 ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࣮ࣂࡢ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕࣔࢹࣝ
-129-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ ྛィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻࡣ㧗㏿࡞࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪࢆഛ࠼ࡿࠋ2015 ᖺࢆ᝿ᐃࡍࡿ࡜ࠊࡓ࡜࠼ࡤ 12 Gbps
SAS ࢆ 16 ᮏ⏝࠸ࠊࣇࣛࢵࢩࣗࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ୙᥹Ⓨᛶ RAM ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ 19.2 GB/s
ࡢ I/O ࣂࣥࢻᖜࢆᐇ⌧ྍ⬟࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࡢィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻࢆ 5,000 ࣀ࣮ࢻࠊࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ
⟶⌮ࡍࡿ࣓ࢱࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࣮ࣂࢆ 10 ࣀ࣮ࢻ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ96 TB/s ࡢ I/O ࣂࣥࢻࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋIOPS ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⌮ㄽⓗ࡞ᛶ⬟ࢆฟࡍࡢࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡀࠊ⤒㦂ⓗ࡟ 1 ࣓ࢱࢹ࣮ࢱ
ࢧ࣮ࣂ࡛ࡣ 100K IOPS ࡯࡝ࡣฎ⌮ྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ࢔࢘ࢺ࡛ࡁࢀࡤ 10 ࣀ࣮ࢻ࡛ 1M
IOPS ࡀ㐩ᡂྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࠋୖグࡢᛶ⬟ࡣࣁ࣮ࢻ࢙࢘࢔ࡢ㝈⏺ᛶ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊᐇ㝿࡟ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔࡛ࡇࡢᛶ⬟ࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢၥ㢟ࢆゎỴࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋศᩓࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ1M
IOPSࠊ100 TB/s ࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕタィࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒タィࢆᐇ᪋ࡋࡓࠋ㏵୰⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ
ศᩓ KVS ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࣀࣥࣈࣟࢵ࢟ࣥࢢศᩓࢺࣛࣥࢨࢡࢩࣙࣥฎ⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ15 ࢧ࣮ࣂ࡛250K IOPS ࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣇࣛࢵࢩࣗࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪࠊ୙᥹Ⓨᛶ RAM ࢆຠ⋡ⓗ࡟฼⏝ࡋ࡚㧗࠸I/O ᛶ⬟ࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪࠊ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ KV ࢫࢺ࢔ࡢタィࠊホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ᭦࡟ࡣࠊ㐲㝸ࡢィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻࡢ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪ࡟᱁⣡ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ㧗㏿࡟࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡍࡿࡓ
ࡵࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢタィࠊィ⟬ࣀ࣮ࢻ࡟㞀ᐖࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓሙྜ࡟ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆᾘኻࡋ࡞࠸ࡓ
ࡵࡢ」ᩘࣀ࣮ࢻࡢࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪ࡬ࡢ෕㛗᭩㎸ᡭἲࡢタィࠊホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࢚࠙ࢡࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࣅࢵࢢࢹ࣮ࢱࡢᇶ┙ᢏ⾡ࠚ㸦ᘓ㒊ࠊᕝᓥ㸧 ࢚ࢡࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࣅࢵࢢࢹ࣮ࢱ㸦EBD㸧࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᐇ⾜࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠊᩘ୓㹼ᩘ༑୓ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࠿ࡽࡢ୪ิ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࢆ᝿ᐃࡋࡓ IOPSࠊࣉࣟࢭࢫᩘ࡟ẚ౛ࡋࡓㄞ㎸ࠊ᭩㎸࢔ࢡࢭࢫࣂࣥࢻ
ᖜᛶ⬟ࢆ┠ᶆ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊศᩓ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢫࢺ࢔ࡢタィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᮏᖺᗘࡣࠊタィ࡟࠾࠸࡚㔜せ࡞㒊ศ࡜࡞ࡿࠊᩘ༑୓ࣉࣟࢭࢫ࠿ࡽࡢ୪ิ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࢆྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿศᩓ࣓ࢱࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࣮ࣂࠊ㧗㏿࡞࢔ࢡࢭࢫࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢫࢺ࢔ࠊ኱つᶍࢹ࣮ࢱ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ඾ᆺⓗ࡞ၥྜࡏࢆ⾜࠺୪ิၥྜࡏᡭἲࡢᴫᛕタィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋศᩓ࣓ࢱࢹ࣮ࢱࡢタィ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛ศᩓࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢศᩓ࣓ࢱࢹ࣮ࢱࢧ࣮ࣂࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡜ࡋࠊࡼࡾ㧗ຠ⋡࡞ศᩓฎ⌮ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟タィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ⌧ᅾ EBD ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᐇ⾜࡟ồࡵࡽࢀࡿ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࠊAPI ࢆ௚ࢢ࣮ࣝࣉ࡜ࡢࢥ࣭ࢹࢨ࢖ࣥ࡟ࡼࡾタィ୰࡛࠶ࡾࠊEBD ࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ฎ⌮ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺㐍ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢫࢺ࢔ࡢタィ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊflash ࠾ࡼࡧ୙᥹Ⓨᛶ࣓ࣔࣜ࡟࠾࠸࡚ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ᧯సࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࠊࡼࡾຠ⋡ⓗ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ࢔ࢡࢭࢫࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࡼ࠺࡟タィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣ
OpenNVM ࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢫࢺ࢔࡜⠊ᅖ᳨⣴ྍ⬟࡞ Key Value ࢫࢺ࢔ࡢタィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࣮ࣟ࢝ࣝ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢫࢺ࢔࡛ࡣࠊOpenNVM ࡛ྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿࢫࣃ࣮ࢫ࢔ࢻࣞࢫ✵㛫࡜ࠊ୙ྍศ᭩㎸ࢆ⏝࠸ࠊࢫࣞࢵࢻࢭ࣮ࣇ࡞タィࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᚑ᮶ࡢ i ࣀ࣮ࢻࢆ࣮࣋ࢫ࡟ࡍࡿタィ࡛ࡣከ-130-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ẁࡢ㛫᥋ཧ↷ࡀᛶ⬟ࢆⴠ࡜ࡍཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࢫࣃ࣮ࢫ࢔ࢻࣞࢫࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ࣮ࣜࢪ࣮ࣙࣥ࣋ࢫ
ࡢタィ࡟ࡼࡾࡇࡢ㛫᥋ཧ↷ࢆᅇ㑊ࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢタィࢆඖ࡟ࠊ⌧ᅾࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉᐇ⿦ࢆ㐍ࡵࠊ᳨ドࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᅗϭ-9 ࡟ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᛶ⬟⤖ᯝࢆ♧ࡍࠋᥦ᱌ᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡿ Version ModeࠊDirect Mode࡛ࡣ୪ิࢡࣛ࢖࢔ࣥࢺᩘࢆቑࡸࡍ࡜ᛶ⬟ࡀྥୖࡋࠊ16 ࢫࣞࢵࢻ࡛ 190,000 ops/sec ࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࡓࠋ୍᪉ࠊᚑ᮶ᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡿ directFS ࡸ XFS ࡛ࡣࠊ୪ิࢡࣛ࢖࢔ࣥࢺᩘࢆቑࡸࡋ࡚ࡶᛶ⬟ࡣྥୖࡋ࡚
࠸࡞࠸ࠋ

సᡂᛶ⬟
250000
VersionMode

ops/sec

200000

DirectMode

150000

XFS

100000directFS

50000
0

1

2

4

8

16

#Threads         ᅗϭ-9 ࢚ࢡࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࣅࢵࢢࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ᇶ┙ࡢࣉࣟࢺࢱ࢖ࣉ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᛶ⬟ホ౯⠊ᅖ᳨⣴ྍ⬟䛺 㻷㼑㼥㻌 㼂㼍㼘㼡㼑 䝇䝖䜰䛾タィ䛷䛿䚸㻻㼜㼑㼚㻺㼂㻹 䛷ᥦ౪䛥䜜䜛 㻷㼑㼥㻌 㼂㼍㼘㼡㼑 䝇䝖䜰䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䚸⠊ᅖ᳨⣴䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛩䜛䛯䜑䜲䞁䝯䝰䝸䛾 㻮㻗ᮌ䜢฼⏝䛩䜛䚹୪ิ䜰䜽䝉䝇䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻䛿䚸䝇䝺䝑䝗䝉䞊䝣䛺䝜䞁䝤䝻䝑䜻䞁䜾 㻮㻗ᮌ䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䛜䚸䛭䛾タィ䛜䜋䜌᏶஢䛧䚸⌧ᅾタィ䛾᳨ドẁ㝵䛻䛒䜛䚹㻌࠙኱つᶍᗈᇦศᩓࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ཬࡧࢢࣜࢵࢻ㸭ࢡࣛ࢘ࢻᢏ⾡࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠚ㸦ᘓ㒊㸧 ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࡀ㐍ࡵࡿ㠉᪂ⓗࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࢖ࣥࣇࣛ㸦HPCI㸧ࡢ HPCI
ඹ⏝ࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪࠊ⣲⢏Ꮚ≀⌮Ꮫࢹ࣮ࢱඹ᭷ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ JLDG ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿ Gfarm ࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᩚഛࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋලయⓗ࡟ࡣࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢࣇ࢓࢖ࣝ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࢳ࢙ࢵ
ࢡࢧ࣒ࢆ⮬ືⓗ࡟ィ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿࣇ࢓࢖ࣝᦆയ᳨▱ᶵ⬟ࠊ㐠⏝┘どࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟࠾ࡅࡿ┘ど㡯┠ࡢᩚഛࠊ୙ලྜಟṇࠊࢻ࣓࢟ࣗࣥࢺࡢ᭦᪂࡞࡝࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⤖ᯝ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊGfarm ࣂ࣮ࢪࣙࣥ
2.5.8.6 ࢆ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࡋࡓࠋ
㻌࠙㧗ᛶ⬟ࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠚ㸦ᕝᓥ㸧 㻞 䛴䛾䝇䝖䝸䞊䝮䝕䞊䝍䜢㧗㏿䛻⤖ྜ䛩䜛ᚑ᮶◊✲䛸䛧䛶䝝䞁䝗䝅䜵䜲䜽䝆䝵䜲䞁䛜䛒䜛䠊䝝䞁䝗䝅䜵䜲䜽䝆䝵䜲䞁䛾⤖ᯝᅇ཰䝟䜲䝥䝷䜲䞁䛻䛿䝕䞊䝍䛜䜸䞊䝞䞊䝣䝻䞊䛧䜔䛩䛔䛸䛔䛖ḞⅬ䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩䜛䠊ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䛭䛾ḞⅬ䜢ඞ᭹䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻㐺ᛂⓗ䝬䞊䝆ᶵᵓ䜢ᥦ᱌䛧䛯䠊㻲㻼㻳㻭 ୖ䛻ᥦ᱌䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢ᐇ⿦䛧䠈䜸䝸䝆䝘䝹䛾䝝䞁䝗䝅䜵䜲䜽䝆䝵䜲䞁䛸ẚ㍑䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䠈㻡 ಸ⛬ᗘ䛾ᛶ⬟ྥୖ䜢ᚓ䛯䠊㻌
-131-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ᅗϭ-10 ࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜ⤖ྜ㻌
࠙Block Krylov 㒊ศ✵㛫཯᚟ἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠚ㸦ከ⏣㔝㸧 」ᩘྑ㎶࣋ࢡࢺࣝࢆࡶࡘ㐃❧୍ḟ᪉⛬ᘧࡢᩘ್ゎἲ࡛࠶ࡿࠊBlock Krylov 㒊ศ✵㛫཯᚟ἲࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋBlock Krylov 㒊ศ✵㛫཯᚟ἲ࡛ࡣࠊྑ㎶࣋ࢡࢺࣝᩘࡀቑຍࡍࡿ࡜ᩘ್ⓗ࡟୙Ᏻᐃ࡞
≧ἣ࡟㝗ࡾࠊṧᕪࡢⓎᩓࡸ೵⁫ࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊィ⟬㐣⛬࡟Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿㄗᕪࡢᙳ㡪࡛ࠊ᭱⤊ⓗ࡟ᚓࡽࢀࡿ㏆ఝゎࡢ⢭ᗘࡀຎ໬ࡍࡿሙྜࡶ࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊṧᕪࡢ཰᮰ᛶྥୖࠊཬࡧ㏆ఝゎࡢ⢭ᗘຎ໬ࢆᅇ㑊ࡍࡿ࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࡓࠋ
᱁Ꮚ QCD ィ⟬࡛⌧ࢀࡿ㐃❧୍ḟ᪉⛬ᘧ㸦⾜ิࢧ࢖ࢬ㸸1,572,864ࠊྑ㎶࣋ࢡࢺࣝᩘ㸸12㸧࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᅗϭ-11 ࡟♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡟ࠊᥦ᱌ᡭἲࡣᚑ᮶ᡭἲ࡛࠶ࡿ Block BiCGGR ἲࠊBlock
GPBiCG ἲࡼࡾࡶᑡ࡞࠸཯᚟ᅇᩘ࡛ṧᕪࡀ཰᮰ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㧗࠸཰᮰ᛶࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ㏆ఝゎࡢ⢭ᗘࡢᣦᶆ࡛࠶ࡿ┿ࡢ┦ᑐṧᕪࡢ್ࡣࠊBlock GPBiCG ἲࡣ 2.310-7 ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋࠊᥦ᱌
ἲࡣ 1.210-14 ࡜࡞ࡾࠊᥦ᱌ἲࡣ㧗⢭ᗘࡢ㏆ఝゎࢆ⏕ᡂࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

ᅗϭ %ORFN%L&**5 ἲࠊ%ORFN*3%L&* ἲࠊཬࡧᥦ᱌ἲࡢ┦ᑐṧᕪᒚṔ

-132-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ እ㒊㈨㔠ࡢ⋓ᚓ≧ἣᩥ⛉┬ጤク◊✲㻌 䛂ḟୡ௦ ,7 ᇶ┙ᵓ⠏䛾䛯䜑䛾◊✲㛤Ⓨᑗ᮶䛾䝇䞊䝟䞊䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝔䜱䞁䜾䛾䛯䜑䛾せ⣲ᢏ⾡䛾◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛃㻌 ㄢ㢟ྡ䛂₇⟬ຍ㏿ᶵᵓ䜢ᣢ䛴ᑗ᮶䛾 +3&, 䝅䝇䝔䝮䛻㛵䛩䜛ㄪᰝ◊✲䛾◊✲㛤Ⓨ䛃 +䡚+ ᖺᗘ㻌  ༓෇ + 㸦௦⾲㸸బ⸨୕ஂ㸧

-67 ᅜ㝿⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ඹྠ◊✲᥎㐍஦ᴗ㸦ᡓ␎ⓗᅜ㝿ඹྠ◊✲ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸧ㄢ㢟ྡࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱ
ࢫࢣ࣮࣭ࣝࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࡢࡓࡵࡢࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ࡜ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࠖ+㹼+ ᖺᗘ ༓෇ +  䠄௦⾲䠖బ⸨୕ஂ䠅ከᅜ㛫ᅜ㝿◊✲༠ຊ஦ᴗ㸦*5HVHDUFK&RXQFLOV,QLWLDWLYH㸧◊✲ㄢ㢟ࠕ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢẼೃࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᢏ⾡ (QDEOLQJ&OLPDWH6LPXODWLRQDW([WUHPH6FDOH ࠖ+㹼+ ᖺᗘ ༓෇ +  䠄௦⾲䠖బ⸨୕ஂ䠅

-67&5(67 ◊✲㡿ᇦࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬࡟㈨ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ᢏ⾡ࡢ๰ฟࠖ㸪ࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ᫬௦࡟ྥࡅࡓ₇⟬ຍ㏿ᶵᵓ࣭㏻ಙᶵᵓ⤫ྜ⎔ቃࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࠖ㸪+ࠥ+ ᖺᗘ㸪  ༓෇ + 㸦௦⾲㸸ᮔὈ♸㸧ከᅜ㛫ᅜ㝿◊✲༠ຊ஦ᴗ㸦*5HVHDUFK&RXQFLOV,QLWLDWLYH㸧◊✲ㄢ㢟ࠕ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝつᶍࡢ᰾⼥ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥ 1XFOHDU)XVLRQ6LPXODWLRQDW([DVFDOH ࠖ+㹼+ ᖺᗘ ༓෇+  䠄௦⾲䠖ᮔὈ♸䠅

-67&5(67 ◊✲㡿ᇦࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬࡟㈨ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ᢏ⾡ࡢ๰ฟࠖ㸪ࠕᩘ್ィ⟬ࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜ࡟ࡼࡿ㉸୪ิ」ྜࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㝵ᒙⓗᢳ㇟໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ +ࠥ ᖺᗘ+ ༓෇㸦ඹྠ◊✲⪅㸸㧗ᶫ኱௓㸧⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠 ᪂Ꮫ⾡㡿ᇦ◊✲㸦◊✲㡿ᇦᥦ᱌ᆺ㸧ࠕ኱つᶍ୪ิ⎔ቃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᩘ್ィ⟬࢔ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࠖ+ࠥ ᖺᗘ+  ༓෇㸦ศᢸ㸸㧗ᶫ኱௓㸧⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠 ᇶ┙◊✲ & ࠕ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝィ⟬⎔ቃ࡟ྥࡅࡓ㧗㏿ࣇ࣮࢚ࣜኚ᥮ࡢ࢔
ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠖ+ࠥ ᖺᗘ+  ༓෇㸦௦⾲㸸㧗ᶫ኱௓㸧

-67&5(67 ◊✲㡿ᇦࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬࡟㈨ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ᢏ⾡ࡢ๰ฟࠖ㸪ࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢹ࣮ࢱ࢖ࣥࢸࣥࢩࣈࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࡢࡓࡵࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯࣇࢺ࢙࢘
࢔ࠖ㸪+ ᖺᗘࠥ+ ᖺᗘ㸪 ༓෇ + 㸦௦⾲㸸ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸧 -67&5(67 ◊✲㡿ᇦࠕࣅࢵࢢࢹ࣮ࢱ⤫ྜ฼ά⏝ࡢࡓࡵࡢḟୡ௦ᇶ┙ᢏ⾡ࡢ๰ฟ࣭య⣔໬ࠖ㸪ࠕᩘ್ィ⟬ࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜ࡟ࡼࡿ㉸୪ิ」ྜࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㝵ᒙⓗᢳ㇟໬࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ +ࠥ ᖺᗘ ༓෇ + 㸦ඹྠ◊✲⪅㸸ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸧-133-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠 ᇶ┙◊✲ & ࠕࣜ࢔ࣝࢱ࢖࣒஦㇟᳨▱ᇶ┙࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ࠖ+ࠥ ᖺᗘ ༓෇㸦+㸧㸦௦⾲㸸ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸧 ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠 ᇶ┙◊✲ % ࠕ㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬ࡢࡓࡵࡢᢳ㇟໬࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ㈨※⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢯ
ࣇࢺ࢙࢘࢔ࠖ+ࠥ ᖺᗘ  ༓෇㸦+㸧㸦ศᢸ㸸ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸧 ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠 ᇶ┙◊✲ $ ࠕ኱つᶍ࣭␗✀ࡢ᫬✵㛫ࢹ࣮ࢱ⤫ྜ࡛⏕ࡌࡿ▩┪ࢆチᐜࡍࡿࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢡࣛ࢘ࢻᇶ┙ࠖ+ࠥ ᖺᗘ  ༓෇㸦+㸧㸦ศᢸ㸸ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸧 ඹྠ◊✲㸪ࠕࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮࡟࠾ࡅࡿ␗ᖖ᳨▱ᇶ┙ࡢᵓ⠏㸦+ ᖺᗘ㸧ࠖ᪥❧〇సᡤ㸪 ୓෇㸦+ ᖺᗘ㸧㸦௦⾲㸸ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸧㻌 ◊✲ᴗ⦼䠄䠍䠅◊✲ㄽᩥ
ሮ ᩄ༤ ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ ᮔ Ὀ♸ బ⸨ ୕ஂ7LJKWO\&RXSOHG$FFHOHUDWRUV ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕ࡟ᇶ
࡙ࡃ *38 ࢡࣛࢫࢱࡢᵓ⠏࡜ᛶ⬟ணഛホ౯ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ㄽᩥㄅࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ
࣒9RO1RSSᱵ⏣ ᏹ᫂ ሮ ᩄ༤ ᗉྖ ග⏨ ᮔ Ὀ♸ ✄ᐩ 㞝୍ࣇࣛࢢ࣓ࣥࢺศᏊ㌶㐨ἲ࡟⌧ࢀࡿ
)RFN ⾜ิࡢ *3*38 ໬ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ㄽᩥㄅࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒9RO1R
SS

ᡪ㇂ ㇦ ୕ᮌ ὒᖹ ᮔ Ὀ♸ ᳃ ṇኵ ୰㔛 ┤ேィ⟬Ᏹᐂ≀⌮ࡢࡓࡵࡢ *38 ࢡࣛࢫࢱྥ
ࡅ୪ิ 7UHH&RGH ࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡜ᛶ⬟ホ౯ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ㄽᩥㄅࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒
9RO1RSS

<0LNL'7DNDKDVKLDQG00RUL³+LJKO\VFDODEOHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDQ1ERG\FRGHRQD*38
FOXVWHU´&RPSXWHU3K\VLFV&RPPXQLFDWLRQV9RO1RSS  .HQ70XUDWD+LGHQREX:DWDQDEH.D]XQRUL<DPDPRWR(L]HQ.LPXUD0DVDKLUR7DQDND2VDPX7DWHEH.HQWDUR8NDZD.D]X\D0XUDQDJD<XWDND6X]XNL+LURWVXJX.RMLPD³$KLJKVSHHGGDWD
SURFHVVLQJWHFKQLTXHIRUWLPHVHTXHQWLDOVDWHOOLWHREVHUYDWLRQGDWD´,(,&(&RPPXQLFDWLRQV([SUHVV
9RO1RSS GRLFRPH[ 

(ULF6)XNXGD+LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPD7DUR)XMLL.RLFKLUR)XUXWD7HWVX\D$VDLDQG0DVDWR
0RWRPXUD³&EDVHG'HVLJQRI:LQGRZ-RLQIRU'\QDPLFDOO\5HFRQILJXUDEOH+DUGZDUH´-RXUQDORI&RPSXWHU6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ9ROXPH,VVXH1RYHPEHU
-134-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩

0DVDIXPL2\DPDGD+LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPDDQG+LUR\XNL.LWDJDZD³'DWD6WUHDP3URFHVVLQJZLWK&RQFXUUHQF\&RQWURO´  6,*$33$SSO&RPSXW5HY -XQH 



76DNXUDL<)XWDPXUDDQG+7DGDQR³(IILFLHQWSDUDPHWHUHVWLPDWLRQDQGLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDFRQWRXULQWHJUDOEDVHGHLJHQVROYHU´-$OJ&RPSXW7HFK9RO1RSS²ᒣᓮ ⫱ᮁ ௒಴ ᬡ ከ⏣㔝 ᐶே Ḉ஭ 㕲ஓ³ṧᕪ᭱ᑠᛶ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ.U\ORY㒊ศ✵㛫཯᚟ゎἲ࡟ᑐࡍࡿ␯⾜ิ⏝┤᥋ゎἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ๓ฎ⌮ࡢࣃ࣓࣮ࣛࢱ᥎ᐃ´ ᪥ᮏᛂ⏝ᩘ⌮Ꮫ఍ㄽᩥㄅ
9RO1RSS²

 $,PDNXUD/'XDQG+7DGDQR³$ZHLJKWHG%ORFN*05(6PHWKRGIRUVROYLQJOLQHDUV\VWHPVZLWKPXOWLSOHULJKWKDQGVLGHV´-6,$0/HWWHUV9ROSS²
䠄䠎䠅Ꮫ఍Ⓨ⾲䠄$䠅ᣍᚅㅮ₇

0LWVXKLVD6DWR,VVXHVIRU([DVFDOH$FFHOHUDWHG&RPSXWLQJV\VWHPDUFKLWHFWXUHDQGSURJUDPPLQJWK,QW O&RQIRQ3*$63URJUDPPLQJ0RGHOV

7%RNX³1X)X6(([DVFDOH6LPXODWLRQVDQGWKH;03SURJUDPPLQJODQJXDJH´([DVFDOH
$SSOLFDWLRQVDQG6RIWZDUH&RQIHUHQFH(GLQEXUJK$SULO



7%RNX³7RZDUG([DVFDOH$FFHOHUDWHG&RPSXWLQJ´,QW+3&)RUXP&KLQD&KDQJVKD0D\

ᮔὈ♸³*1X)X6(ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ኱つᶍ୪ิ໬㸭*38໬´ ࣉࣛࢬ࣐ࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ ᅵᒱᖺ᭶



7%RNX³$FFHOHUDWHG&RPSXWLQJ8QLILHGZLWK&RPPXQLFDWLRQ7RZDUGV([DVFDOH´&2'(6,*1
&KLQD*XLOLQ2FWREHUඣ⋢ ♸ᝋࠊ´ᑗ᮶ࡢ₇⟬ຍ㏿ᶵᵓ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚´ ィ⟬ศᏊ໬Ꮫ◊✲ᣐⅬ➨㸲ᅇ◊✲఍ᖺ᭶

ඣ⋢♸ᝋ ᮔὈ♸ ሮᩄ༤ బ⸨୕ஂ ᱵᮧ㞞அ³㉸୪ิ*38ࢡࣛࢫࢱ+$3$&6࡟࠾ࡅࡿ
*38㛫┤᥋㏻ಙᶵᵓ´ ኱Ꮫ,&7᥎㐍᥎㐍༠㆟఍ᖺḟ኱఍ᖺ᭶

-135-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋࠊ´ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢔ࢡࢭ࣮ࣛࣞࢱᢏ⾡´ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍➨㸵㸴ᅇ඲ᅜ኱఍ࠕ࢚ࢡࢧࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢆ┠ᣦࡍᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ᭱๓⥺ࠖᖺ᭶

'7DNDKDVKL³,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI3DUDOOHO))7VRQ*38&OXVWHUV´&RQIHUHQFHRQ$GYDQFHG
7RSLFVDQG$XWR7XQLQJLQ+LJK3HUIRUPDQFHDQG6FLHQWLILF&RPSXWLQJ $7$7LQ+36& 
1DWLRQDO7DLZDQ8QLYHUVLW\7DLSHL7DLZDQ0DUFK

 2VDPX7DWHEHࠊ*IDUP3UHVHQW6WDWXVDQG)XWXUH(YROXWLRQࠊ2SHQ6)6$3$&/XVWUH8VHU*URXSࠊ
7RN\Rࠊ2FWREHU
 ᘓ㒊ಟぢࠊ*IDUPࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᐇ⿦࡜ᛂ⏝஦౛ࠊ➨㸲ᅇᆅᇦ㛫࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢡࣛ࢘ࢻ࣮࣡
ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉࠊἈ⦖ࠊᖺ᭶
 +LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPD³7DPLQJ%LJ'DWD6WUHDPV´7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO6\PSRVLXPRQ(PEHGGHG
0XOWLFRUH0DQ\FRUH6\VWHPRQ&KLS 0&6R& 7RN\R-DSDQ6HSWHPEHU.H\QRWH
WDON

䠄%䠅䛭䛾௚䛾Ꮫ఍Ⓨ⾲䠄ᰝㄞ௜䠅 +LWRVKL0XUDLDQG0LWVXKLVD6DWR$Q(IILFLHQW,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI6WHQFLO&RPPXQLFDWLRQIRUWKH
;FDODEOH033*$63DUDOOHO3URJUDPPLQJ/DQJXDJH,Q3URFWK,QW O&RQIRQ3*$63URJUDPPLQJ
0RGHOV  
 0DVDKLUR1DNDR+LWRVKL0XUDL7DNHQRUL6KLPRVDNDDQG0LWVXKLVD6DWR3URGXFWLYLW\DQG
3HUIRUPDQFHRIWKH+3&&KDOOHQJH%HQFKPDUNVZLWKWKH;FDODEOH033*$6ODQJXDJH,Q3URFWK,QW O&RQIRQ3*$63URJUDPPLQJ0RGHOV   $NLKLUR7DEXFKL0DVDKLUR1DNDR0LWVXKLVD6DWR$6RXUFHWR6RXUFH2SHQ$&&&RPSLOHUIRU
&8'$(XUR3DU:RUNVKRSV
 0LZDNR7VXML0LWVXKLVD6DWR0D[LPH5+XJXHV6HUJH*3HWLWRQ0XOWLSOH630'3URJUDPPLQJ(QYLURQPHQW%DVHGRQ3*$6DQG:RUNIORZWRZDUG3RVWSHWDVFDOH&RPSXWLQJ,&33

-136-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ 7DWVX\D$EH7RVKL\XNL0DHGD0LWVXKLVD6DWR0RGHO&KHFNLQJ6WHQFLO&RPSXWDWLRQV:ULWWHQLQD
3DUWLWLRQHG*OREDO$GGUHVV6SDFH/DQJXDJH,3'36:RUNVKRSV
 7RPRWDNH1DNDPXUD0LWVXKLVD6DWR;03,2IXQFWLRQDQGLWVDSSOLFDWLRQWR0DS5HGXFHRQWKH.
FRPSXWHU3$5&2 ᑠ⏣ᔱ ဴဢ ᮔ Ὀ♸ బ⸨ ୕ஂ ሮ ᩄ༤ ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ5D\PRQG1DP\VW6DPXHO7KLEDXOW2OLYLHU$XPDJH*38 ࢡࣛࢫࢱྥࡅ୪ิゝㄒ ;03GHY ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ *38&38 ືⓗ㈇Ⲵศᩓᶵ⬟ ᖺࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡜ィ⟬⛉Ꮫࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ +3&6 ㄽᩥ㞟 ሮ ᩄ༤ ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ ᮔ Ὀ♸ బ⸨ ୕ஂ7LJKWO\&RXSOHG$FFHOHUDWRUV ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕ࡟ᇶ࡙
ࡃ *38 ࢡࣛࢫࢱࡢᵓ⠏ ඛ㐍ⓗィ⟬ᇶ┙ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ 6$&6,6 ㄽᩥ㞟
 72GDMLPD7%RNX06DWR7+DQDZD<.RGDPD51DP\VW67KLEDXOW2$XPDJH$GDSWLYH
7DVN6L]H&RQWURORQ+LJK/HYHO3URJUDPPLQJIRU*38&38:RUN6KDULQJ3URFRI,QW:RUNVKRSRQ$GYDQFHVRI'LVWULEXWHGDQG3DUDOOHO3URFHVVLQJ $'3&ZLWK,&$33 9LHWULVXO
0DUH/1&63DUW,,SS  7+DQDZD<.RGDPD7%RNX06DWR,QWHUFRQQHFWIRU7LJKWO\&RXSOHG$FFHOHUDWRUV$UFKLWHFWXUH3URFRI+RW,QWHUFRQQHFW"6DQ-RVH
 7+DQDZD<.RGDPD7%RNX06DWR7LJKWO\&RXSOHG$FFHOHUDWRUV$UFKLWHFWXUHIRU0LQLPL]LQJ&RPPXQLFDWLRQ/DWHQF\DPRQJ$FFHOHUDWRUV3URFRIUG,QW:RUNVKRSRQ$FFHOHUDWRUVDQG+\EULG
([DVFDOH6\VWHPV $V+(6ZLWK,3'36 %RVWRQ&'520  <<DPDJXFKL.)XMLQDPL$6XJLXUDDQG<.RGDPD³$6WXG\RID7KUHH'LPHQVLRQDO
0XOWLSKDVH)ORZ6LPXODWRU´,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ)LHOG3URJUDPPDEOH/RJLFDQG$SSOLFDWLRQV6HS
 <.RGDPD7%RNX7+DQDZD06DWR³+$3$&67&$7LJKWO\&RXSOHG$FFHOHUDWRUVIRU
/RZ/DWHQF\&RPPXQLFDWLRQ´7KHWK$,&6,QWHUQDWLRQDO6\PSRVLXPSRVWHU'HF

-137-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ 62FKLDL<<DPDJXFKLDQG<.RGDPD³7KH)OH[LEOH6RXQG6\QWKHVL]HURQDQ)3*$´,QWHUQDWLRQDO
6\PSRVLXPRQ&RPSXWLQJDQG1HWZRUNLQJ'HF
 '0XNXQRNLDQG'7DNDKDVKL³8VLQJ4XDGUXSOH3UHFLVLRQ$ULWKPHWLFWR$FFHOHUDWH.U\ORY
6XEVSDFH0HWKRGVRQ*38V´3URFWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ3DUDOOHO3URFHVVLQJDQG$SSOLHG
0DWKHPDWLFV 33$0 3DUW,:RUNVKRSRQ1XPHULFDO$OJRULWKPVRQ+\EULG$UFKLWHFWXUHV/HFWXUH1RWHVLQ&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH9ROSS6SULQJHU9HUODJ
 7+LUDJXVKLDQG'7DNDKDVKL³(IILFLHQW+\EULG%UHDGWK)LUVW6HDUFKRQ*38V´3URFWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ$OJRULWKPVDQG$UFKLWHFWXUHVIRU3DUDOOHO3URFHVVLQJ ,&$33 3DUW,,,QWHUQDWLRQDO6\PSRVLXPRQ$GYDQFHVRI'LVWULEXWHGDQG3DUDOOHO&RPSXWLQJ $'3& /HFWXUH1RWHVLQ&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH9ROSS6SULQJHU,QWHUQDWLRQDO3XEOLVKLQJ  '7DNDKDVKL³,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI3DUDOOHO'))7RQ*38&OXVWHUV´3URF,(((WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&RPSXWDWLRQDO6FLHQFHDQG(QJLQHHULQJ &6( SS²  <6DWR00LZD67DNHXFKLDQG'7DNDKDVKL³2SWLPL]LQJ2EMHFWLYH)XQFWLRQ3DUDPHWHUVIRU
6WUHQJWKLQ&RPSXWHU*DPH3OD\LQJ´3URFWK$$$,&RQIHUHQFHRQ$UWLILFLDO,QWHOOLJHQFH
$$$, SS²  '0XNXQRNLDQG'7DNDKDVKL³2SWLPL]DWLRQRI6SDUVH0DWUL[YHFWRU0XOWLSOLFDWLRQIRU&56)RUPDWRQ19,',$.HSOHU$UFKLWHFWXUH*38V´3URFWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&RPSXWDWLRQDO
6FLHQFHDQG,WV$SSOLFDWLRQV ,&&6$ 3DUW9/HFWXUH1RWHVLQ&RPSXWHU6FLHQFH9ROSS6SULQJHU9HUODJ
 +LURNL2KWVXML2VDPX7DWHEH2SWLPL]HG&RPPXQLFDWLRQ/D\HUIRU([DVFDOH6WRUDJH6\VWHPV
35$*0$6WXGHQWV:RUNVKRS%HLMLQJ2FWREHU
 /L;LHPLQJ2VDPX7DWHEH'HVLJQRI'DWD$ZDUH6FKHGXOHU35$*0$6WXGHQWV:RUNVKRS2FWREHU

 )X\XPDVD7DNDWVX.RKHL+LUDJDDQG2VDPX7DWHEH2EMHFW6WRUDJHIRU+LJK6SHHG6WRUDJH'HYLFH
35$*0$6WXGHQWV:RUNVKRS2FWREHU

-138-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ 1DRNR.RVXJL1DRNL.RGDPD6DFKLNR6KLPL]X6KXQVXNH6DUXZDWDUL7VXWRPX7HUDGD+LURDNL.D]XL.RLFKL<DPDVKLWD+LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPD0DVD\XNL+DWD$3URWRW\SH6\VWHPRI5HPRWH
0XVLF7KHUDS\8VLQJWKH/DWHVW&RPPXQLFDWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\LQ-DSDQ7KHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO
&RQIHUHQFHRQ,QIRUPDWLRQ,QWHJUDWLRQDQG:HEEDVHG$SSOLFDWLRQV 6HUYLFHV LL:$6 SS  1DRWDND1LVKLPXUD+LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPD+LUR\XNL.LWDJDZD$+LJK7KURXJKSXW&RPSOH[(YHQW
'HWHFWLRQ7HFKQLTXHZLWK%XON(YDOXDWLRQWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RUNVKRSRQ6WUHDPLQJ0HGLD'HOLYHU\
DQG0DQDJHPHQW6\VWHPV,Q&RQMXQFWLRQZLWKWK3*&,&&RQIHUHQFHSS  <DVLQ2JH0DVDWR<RVKLPL7DNHIXPL0L\RVKL+LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPD+LGHWVXJX,ULHDQG7VXWRPX<RVKLQDJD$Q(IILFLHQWDQG6FDODEOH,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI6OLGLQJ:LQGRZ$JJUHJDWH2SHUDWRURQ
)3*$7KH)LUVW,QWHUQDWLRQDO6\PSRVLXPRQ&RPSXWLQJDQG1HWZRUNLQJ &$1'$5 SS  0DVDKLUR2NH+LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPD$0XOWLSOH4XHU\2SWLPL]DWLRQ6FKHPHIRU&KDQJH3RLQW
'HWHFWLRQRQ6WUHDP3URFHVVLQJ6\VWHP6+2573$3(57KHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RUNVKRSRQ%XVLQHVV,QWHOOLJHQFHIRUWKH5HDO7LPH(QWHUSULVH %,57( LQFRQMXQFWLRQZLWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO
&RQIHUHQFHRQ9HU\/DUJH'DWDEDVHV 9/'%   <DVLQ2JH0DVDWR<RVKLPL7DNHIXPL0L\RVKL+LGH\XNL.DZDVKLPD+LGHWVXJX,ULH7VXWRPX<RVKLQDJD  :LUH6SHHG,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI6OLGLQJ:LQGRZ$JJUHJDWH2SHUDWRURYHU
2XWRI2UGHU'DWD6WUHDPV,Q,(((WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO6\PSRVLXPRQ(PEHGGHG
0XOWLFRUH0DQ\FRUH6R&V 0&6R& SS
 +7DGDQR,PSURYHPHQWRIQXPHULFDOVWDELOLW\RID%ORFN.U\ORYVXEVSDFHPHWKRGIRUFRPSXWLQJKLJKDFFXUDF\VROXWLRQV,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ6LPXODWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\ -667 

䠄&䠅䛭䛾௚䛾Ꮫ఍Ⓨ⾲䠄ᰝㄞ↓䠅

7DNHQRUL6KLPRVDND+LWRVKL0XUDL0LWVXKLVD6DWR$FRPPXQLFDWLRQOLEUDU\EHWZHHQPXOWLSOHVHWV
RI03,SURFHVVHVIRUD030'PRGHO(XUR03,

୰ᑿᫀᗈ㸪బ⸨୕ஂ㸬³ி㏿ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࠕிࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ &*3230LQLDSS ࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯³㸪➨ ᅇ +3& ◊✲఍㸪 ᖺ  ᭶㸪ᮾி኱Ꮫ ᯽ࡢⴥ࢟ࣕࣥࣃࢫ㸦༓ⴥ㸧
-139-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩୰ᑿᫀᗈ㸪బ⸨୕ஂ㸬³ி㏿ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࠕிࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ 3*$6 ࣔࢹࣝ࡟ࡼࡿ Ẽ㇟ࢥ࣮ࢻ
1,&$0 ࡢᐇ⿦´㸪 ᖺ୪ิ㸭ศᩓ㸭༠ㄪฎ⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿࠗ໭஑ᕞ࠘ࢧ࣐࣮࣭࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉ
㸦6:R33 ໭஑ᕞ 㸧㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ㸦+3&㸧㸪
9RO+3&SS㸪 ᖺ  ᭶㸪໭஑ᕞ ᅜ㝿఍㆟ሙ ⸨஭ ஂྐ  ሮ ᩄ༤  ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ  ᮔ Ὀ♸  బ⸨ ୕ஂ  ⸝ቑ ჆ఙ 0LNH&ODUN*38 ྥࡅ 4&' ࣛ࢖ࣈࣛࣜ 48'$ ࡢ 7&$ ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕ࡟ࡼࡿᐇ⿦+3&



ያ㈡ ⚽⏨ ᮔ Ὀ♸ ⸨⏣ ඾ஂ ୰ᑿ ᫀᗈ బ⸨ ୕ஂ:LOOLDP7DQJ୪ิゝㄒ ;FDODEOH03
࡟ࡼࡿ᰾⼥ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢ㛤Ⓨ+3&

⸨஭ ஂྐ ሮ ᩄ༤ ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ ᮔ Ὀ♸ బ⸨ ୕ஂ7&$ ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕ࡟ࡼࡿ୪ิ *38࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯+3&⸨⏣ ඾ஂ ያ㈡ ⚽⏨ ᮔ Ὀ♸ ஭ᡞᮧ Ὀᏹ*38 ࢡࣛࢫࢱ +$3$&6 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᰾⼥ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯+3&

ᑠ⏣ᔱ ဴဢ ᮔ Ὀ♸ బ⸨ ୕ஂ ሮ ᩄ༤ ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ5D\PRQG1DP\VW㸪6DPXHO7KLEDXOW㸪2OLYLHU$XPDJH୪ิゝㄒ ;03GHY ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ *38&38 ືⓗ㈇Ⲵศᩓᶵ⬟+3&
ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ ᒣཱྀ ెᶞ ୰㔛 ┤ே ∾㔝 ῟୍㑻 ᮔ Ὀ♸ బ⸨ ୕ஂ኱つᶍ 6,0' ᆺ࢔ࢡࢭ࣮ࣛࣞࢱࡢ᳨ウ+3&

 ୗᆏ ೺๎ బ⸨ ୕ஂ ᮔ Ὀ♸:LOOLDP7DQJி㏿ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࠕிࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᰾⼥ྜࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢩࣙࣥࢥ࣮ࢻ *7&3 ࡢホ౯+3&
 㧗ᶫ ⯟ᖹ ሮ ᩄ༤ ᮔ Ὀ♸ ඣ⋢ ♸ᝋ ᡪ㇂ ㇦ బ⸨ ୕ஂྛ✀࢔ࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟࠾
ࡅࡿ *3*38 ᑐ 0DQ\&RUH3URFHVVRU ࡢᛶ⬟ẚ㍑+3&
 ୸ᒣ⿱ኈ ▮ⵌᚭ ᒣཱྀెᶞ ඣ⋢♸ᝋ³)3*$ ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓᐇ᫬㛫ື⏬ീᡭࣈࣞ⿵ṇࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏´ ಙᏛᢏሗ9RO1RSS ᖺ  ᭶ ⸨ᾉ೺ኴ ᮡᾆᙲ ᒣཱྀెᶞ ඣ⋢♸ᝋ³' ὶయゎᯒ⏝ )3*$ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᵓ⠏´ ಙᏛᢏሗ
9RO1RSS ᖺ  ᭶-140-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ ⸨ᾉ೺ኴ ᒣཱྀెᶞ ඣ⋢♸ᝋ³)3*$ ࡟ࡼࡿ୕ḟඖΰ┦ὶࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱࡢタィ࡜᳨ド´  ಙᏛᢏሗ9RO1RS ᖺ  ᭶ ⴠྜඃ ᒣཱྀెᶞ ඣ⋢♸ᝋ³)3*$ ࢧ࢘ࣥࢻࢩࣥࢭࢧ࢖ࢨ࡜ࡑࡢ࣮ࣘࢨ࢖ࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚´ ಙᏛᢏሗ9RO1RSS ᖺ  ᭶ 㔠⣚ᆞ ᒣཱྀెᶞ ඣ⋢♸ᝋ³)3*$ ⏝࣐ࣝࢳࢥ࢔ࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧࢆࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺ࡜ࡋࡓ࣐ࣝࢳ࣏
࣮ࢺඹ᭷࢟ࣕࢵࢩࣗࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᥦ᱌´ ಙᏛᢏሗ9RO1RSS ᖺ  ᭶ ⸨ᾉ೺ኴ ᒣཱྀెᶞ ඣ⋢♸ᝋ³᱁Ꮚἲ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ㸱ḟඖὶయࢩ࣑࣮ࣗࣞࢱࡢ㧗㏿໬´ ᩘ್ὶయຊᏛࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ㅮ₇ㄽᩥ㞟' ᖺ  ᭶ 71DJDVKLPD<<DPDJXFKLDQG<.RGDPD³$VWXG\RI6XSHU+SURFHVVRUFRUHVRQDQ)3*$´
,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RUNVKRSRQ,QQRYDWLYH$UFKLWHFWXUHIRU)XWXUH*HQHUDWLRQ+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH
3URFHVVRUVDQG6\VWHPV0DU
 ᳚ᮌ኱ᆅ㸪㧗ᶫ኱௓㸸*38 ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ  ಸ⢭ᗘᾋືᑠᩘⅬ₇⟬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࢡࣜࣟࣇ㒊ศ✵㛫ἲࡢ㧗㏿໬㸪᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍◊✲ሗ࿌㸪+3&㸪1R  ᖹ᷸㈗❶㸪㧗ᶫ኱௓㸸*38 ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᖜඃඛ᥈⣴ࡢ㧗㏿໬㸪᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍◊✲ሗ࿌㸪+3&㸪1R
 +LURNL2KWVXML2VDPX7DWHEH+LJKWKURXJKSXW5HPRWH)LOH$FFHVVIRU([DVFDOH6WRUDJH6\VWHPV,:&67+DQJ]KRX2FWREHU
 Ώ㑓ⱥఙ  㯮⃝㝯  ୍ᒸ⩧ኴ㑻  ᮌᮧᫎၿ  ᮧ⏣೺ྐ  ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸪8'7 ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ୪ิࣇ
࢓࢖ࣝ㌿㏦ᢏ⾡㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ
㸦+3&㸧+3&     ᮧ⏣ ೺ྐ  Ώ㑓 ⱥఙ  ᒣᮏ ࿴᠇  ஂಖ⏣ ᗣᩥ  ᘓ㒊 ಟぢ  ⏣୰ ᫀᏹ  ῝ἑ ᆂ୍㑻  ᮌᮧ ᫎၿ  㬼ᕝ ೺ኴ㑻  ᮧỌ ࿴ဢ  㕥ᮌ ㇏  ☾⏣ ⥲Ꮚ㸪*IDUP3ZUDNH ࡟ࡼࡿ
1,&7 ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࢡࣛ࢘ࢻࡢ୪ิศᩓฎ⌮ᢏἲ㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ
࢕ࣥࢢ㸦+3&㸧+3&    -141-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ 0DULOLD0HOR2VDPX7DWHEH)DXOW7ROHUDQFH'HVLJQIRU+DGRRS0DS5HGXFHRQ*IDUP'LVWULEXWHG
)LOHV\VWHP◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ㸦+3&㸧+3&  
  㮚ὠ෤ᑗ  ᖹ㈡ᘯᖹ  ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸪୙᥹Ⓨᛶࢹࣂ࢖ࢫྥࡅࡢ 2EMHFW6WRUDJH ࡢタィ㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ㸦+3&㸧+3&     ᮤ⇶㬆  ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸪ࢹ࣮ࢱ㓄⨨ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࢱࢫࢡࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣜࣥࢢ㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮
࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ㸦+3&㸧+3&     Ώ㑓ⱥఙ  ட⃝♸୍  㧗ᮡⱥ฼  ᖹ㔝୍ᶞ  ௒஭₩  ᮧ⏣೺ྐ  ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸪ᗈᇦศᩓࣇ
࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ *IDUP ࡢ 6/$ ホ౯ᡭἲ㸪࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࡜㐠⏝ᢏ⾡ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘  ㄽᩥ㞟    ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸪ཎ⏣ᾈ㸪ᐿᮏⱥஅ㸪బ⸨ோ㸪ᖹᕝᏛ㸪+3&, ඹ⏝ࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪࡢᛶ⬟ホ౯㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ㸦+3&㸧+3&     ኱㎷ᘯ㈗㸪ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸪ศᩓࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟ᑐࡍࡿప࣮࢜ࣂ࣊ࢵࢻ෕㛗໬᭩ࡁ㎸ࡳᡭἲࡢᥦ᱌࡜ホ౯㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ
㸦+3&㸧+3&      㮚ὠ෤ᑗ ᖹ㈡ᘯᖹ ᘓ㒊ಟぢ ୙᥹Ⓨᛶࢹࣂ࢖ࢫྥࡅࡢ 2EMHFW6WRUDJH ࡢᐇ⿦࡜ホ౯◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ㸦+3&㸧+3&     ⏣୰ᫀᏹ㸪ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸪࣮࣡ࢡࣇ࣮ࣟࢩࢫࢸ࣒ 3ZUDNH ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ ,2 ᛶ⬟ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓࢱࢫࢡࢫࢣ
ࢪ࣮ࣗࣜࣥࢢ㸪◊✲ሗ࿌ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ
㸦+3&㸧+3&     ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸸,Q'606 ศᯒ࡬ྥࡅ࡚㸬㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍ᢏ⾡◊✲ሗ࿌㸬▱ⓗ⎔ቃ࡜ࢭࣥࢧࢿࢵ
ࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ    ᖺ  ᭶㸬  すᮧ┤Ꮥ㸪ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸸$,6 ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ」ྜ࢖࣋ࣥࢺฎ⌮ࡢຠ⋡໬㸬᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍◊✲ሗ࿌8%,>ࣘࣅ࢟ࢱࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒@  SS㸬 ᖺ  ᭶㸬 ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸪㯮ᕝⱱⳀ㸸᥎ㄽฎ⌮ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜฎ⌮ᇶ┙㸬᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍◊✲ሗ࿌

8%,>ࣘࣅ࢟ࢱࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒@  SS㸬 ᖺ  ᭶㸬 ᕝᓥⱥஅ㸪㯮ᕝⱱⳀ㸸ࢫࢺ࣮࣒ࣜ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢຠ⋡ⓗ࡞࢜ࣥࣛ࢖ࣥྡᐤࡏฎ⌮㸬㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍⥲ྜ኱఍㸬 ᖺ  ᭶㸬-142-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ ከ⏣㔝 ᐶே ▼ᕝ 㝧୍ ௒಴ ᬡ³཮ඹᙺṧᕪᆺ཯᚟ゎἲࡢ」ᩘྑ㎶࣋ࢡࢺࣝᑐᛂ∧࡬ࡢᣑᙇ࡜ᛶ⬟ホ౯´ ᪥ᮏᛂ⏝ᩘ⌮Ꮫ఍  ᖺᗘᖺ఍
 㰺⸨ ࿘స ከ⏣㔝 ᐶே ௒಴ ᬡ³%ORFN%L&*67$% l ἲࡢᵓ⠏࡜Ᏻᐃ໬´ ➨  ᅇ᪥ᮏᛂ⏝ᩘ⌮Ꮫ఍ ◊✲㒊఍㐃ྜⓎ⾲఍'  ⴭ᭩
 ␗ศ㔝㛫㐃ᦠ࣭ᅜ㝿㐃ᦠ➼  ᡓ␎ⓗᅜ㝿⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡༠ຊ᥎㐍஦ᴗ㸦᪥௖ඹྠ◊✲㸧ࠕ࣏ࢫࢺ࣌ࢱࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ
ࡢࡓࡵࡢࣇ࣮࣒࣮ࣞ࣡ࢡ࡜ࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࠖ㸦బ⸨㸧 ከᅜ㛫ᅜ㝿◊✲༠ຊ஦ᴗ *5HVHDUFK&RXQFLOV,QLWLDWLYH³1XFOHDU)XVLRQ6LPXODWLRQIRU([DVFDOH´᪥ᮏ௦⾲ 3,㸦ᮔ㸧 ከᅜ㛫ᅜ㝿◊✲༠ຊ஦ᴗ *5HVHDUFK&RXQFLOV,QLWLDWLYH³([DVFDOH&OLPDWH6LPXODWLRQ´ ᪥ᮏ௦⾲ 3,㸦బ⸨㸧 ᅜ㝿άື

06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH&&*5,'



06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH&OXVWHU



06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH($6&



06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH(XUR03,



06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH)7;6



06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH+HWHUR3DU



06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,:203



06DWR3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH3*$6



06DWR7UDFN&KDLU+L3&

 7%RNX3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH&$66
 7%RNX3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH+L3&
 7%RNX2UJDQL]LQJ&KDLU+3&LQ$VLD6HVVLRQDW,6&
-143-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ 7%RNX3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,&6
 7%RNX3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,QW&RQI+3&6
 7%RNX3URJUDP&RPPLWWHHRQ7XWRULDO,6&
 7%RNX3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH30$0
 7%RNX$UHD&KDLURQ6\VWHP6RIWZDUH$UHD6& 7%RNX&RPPLWWHHPHPEHURI$&0*RUGRQ%HOO3UL]H
 '7DNDKDVKL3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHIRU+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH&RPSXWLQJ
1HWZRUNLQJ6WRUDJHDQG$QDO\VLV 6&  '7DNDKDVKL3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&RPSXWDWLRQDO㻌 6FLHQFH ,&&6 
 '7DNDKDVKL5HYLHZ&RPPLWWHH7KH,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHIRU+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH&RPSXWLQJ
1HWZRUNLQJ6WRUDJHDQG$QDO\VLV 6& 'RFWRUDO6KRZFDVH
 '7DNDKDVKL3URJUDP&RPPLWWHHWK,(((,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH&RPSXWLQJDQG&RPPXQLFDWLRQV +3&&  '7DNDKDVKL*HQHUDO&KDLU,(((WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO6\PSRVLXPRQ(PEHGGHG0XOWLFRUH0DQ\FRUH
6R&V 0&6R& 6SHFLDO6HVVLRQRQ/HJDF\+3&$SSOLFDWLRQ0LJUDWLRQ  /+$0  27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,((($&0,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHIRU+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH&RPSXWLQJ1HWZRUNLQJ6WRUDJHDQG$QDO\VLV 6& 㻌 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHHWK,(((,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&ORXG&RPSXWLQJ7HFKQRORJ\
DQG6FLHQFH &ORXG&RP 㻌 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,QWHUQDWLRQDO6XSHUFRPSXWLQJ&RQIHUHQFH㻌
 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH7KHQG,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ3DUDOOHO3URFHVVLQJ ,&33 㻌 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ333DUDOOHO*ULG&ORXGDQG,QWHUQHW&RPSXWLQJ 3*&,& 㻌 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH$UFKLWHFWXUH/DQJXDJHV&RPSLODWLRQDQG+DUGZDUHVXSSRUWIRU(PHUJLQJ0DQ<FRUHV\VWHPV $/&+(0< ZRUNVKRS㻌 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH:RUNVKRSRQ%LJ'DWD0DQDJHPHQWLQ&ORXGV %LJ'DWD&ORXG 㻌 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH7KH6L[WK,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ&RPSOH[,QWHOOLJHQWDQG
6RIWZDUH,QWHQVLYH6\VWHPV &,6,6 㻌-144-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ 27DWHEH6FLHQWLILF&RPPLWWHHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO0HHWLQJRQ+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH&RPSXWLQJIRU
&RPSXWDWLRQDO6FLHQFH 9(&3$5 㻌 27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ*ULGDQG3HUYDVLYH&RPSXWLQJ *3&  27DWHEH3URJUDP&RPPLWWHH,(((,QWHUQDWLRQDO&RQIHUHQFHRQ+LJK3HUIRUPDQFH&RPSXWLQJDQG
&RPPXQLFDWLRQV +3&& 㻌 +.DZDVKLPD3URJUDP&RPPLWWHHWK,QWHUQDWLRQDO:RUNVKRSRQ6WUHDPLQJ0HGLD'HOLYHU\DQG
0DQDJHPHQW6\VWHPV,Q&RQMXQFWLRQZLWKWK3*&,&&RQIHUHQFH㻌 ᩍ⫱࣭Ꮫ఩ㄽᩥ㸦༤ኈㄢ⛬㸧
1.

᳚ᮌ኱ᆅ㸪༤ኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧
㸪A study on linear algebra operations using extended precision
floating-point arithmetic on GPUs㸦GPU ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᣑᙇ⢭ᗘᾋືᑠᩘⅬ₇⟬ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⥺ᙧィ⟬ࡢ◊✲㸧㸪⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉༤ኈㄽᩥ㸪2013 ᖺ 11 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸㧗ᶫ
኱௓㸧

2.

బ⸨ెᕞ㸪༤ኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧㸪ࢤ࣮࣒࡟࠾ࡅࡿᲦ㆕ࡢᛶ㉁࡜ᙉࡉࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓᏛ⩦㸪⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉༤ኈㄽᩥ㸪2014 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸㧗ᶫ኱௓㸧࣭ Ꮫ఩ㄽᩥ㸦ಟኈㄢ⛬㸧
1.

Alamri Hussain Ali A, ಟኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧, Evaluation of Many-core processor with Analysis ofSparse Matrix Vector Multiplication 㸦␯⾜ิ࣋ࢡࢺࣝ✚ࡢゎᯒ࡟ࡼࡿ࣓ࢽ࣮ࢥ࢔ࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧࡢホ౯㸧
ࠊ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ㸪2013 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸బ⸨
୕ஂ㸧

2.

▼ᕝ ዌኴ, ಟኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧, Non-Homogeneous ⨨᥮ࣔࢹࣝࢆᐇ⿦ࡋࡓศᏊ⣔⤫ゎᯒࣉࣟࢢࣛ
࣒ࡢ୪ิ໬ࠊ⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ㸪2013 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸బ⸨୕ஂ㸧㸦ィ⟬⛉Ꮫࢹ࢓ࣝࢹࢢࣜࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸧3.

㔠 ⣚ᆞ, ಟኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧, FPGA ⏝࣐ࣝࢳࢥ࢔ࣉࣟࢭࢵࢧࡢᥦ᱌࡜ᐇ⿦㸪⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ㸪2013 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸ඣ⋢♸ᝋ㸧

4.㮚ὠ෤ᑗ㸪ಟኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧㸪㧗ᛶ⬟ィ⟬ᶵྥࡅࡢࢫࢺ࣮ࣞࢪࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸪⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ㸪2014 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸧-145-⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩5.

ᮤ⇶㬆㸪ಟኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧㸪኱つᶍࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ᇶ┙ࡢࢱࢫࢡࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣜࣥࢢ㸪⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ㸪2014 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸧

6.

Marilia Rodrigues de Melo e Silva, ಟኈ㸦ᕤᏛ㸧, Fault Tolerance Design for Hadoop
MapReduce on Gfarm Distributed File System㸦Gfarm ศᩓࣇ࢓࢖ࣝࢩࢫࢸ࣒ୖ࡛ࡢ
Hadoop MapReduce ࡢ⪏ᨾ㞀ᛶタィ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲㸧㸪⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫ኱Ꮫ㝔ࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ಟኈㄽᩥ㸪2014 ᖺ 3 ᭶㸦ᣦᑟ㸸ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸧࣭ Ꮫእᩍ⫱1.

బ⸨୕ஂ㸸⚄ᡞ኱Ꮫࢩࢫࢸ࣒᝟ሗᏛ◊✲⛉࣭ᐈဨᩍᤵ ♫఍㈉⊩బ⸨୕ஂ3& ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࢥࣥࢯ࣮ࢩ࢔࣒ ⌮஦ ;03 つ᱁㒊఍఍㛗㻌బ⸨୕ஂ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ࣇ࢙࣮ࣟ㻌బ⸨୕ஂ㸸኱ᕝฟ∧㈹ ࠕᒾἼㅮᗙ ィ⟬⛉Ꮫ ูᕳ ࢫ࣮ࣃ࣮ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࠖ
㸦ඹⴭ㸧㻌



ᮔὈ♸㸸 ඛ㐍ⓗィ⟬ᇶ┙ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ 6$&6,6 㐠Ⴀጤဨ఍ጤဨ㻌ᮔὈ♸㸸 ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ◊✲఍㐠Ⴀጤဨ㻌ᮔὈ♸㸸 $QQXDO0HHWLQJRQ$GYDQFHG&RPSXWLQJ6\VWHPDQG,QIUDVWUXFWXUH $&6,  ⤌⧊ጤ
ဨ㛗㻌



ඣ⋢♸ᝋ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ ࢹࢪࢱࣝࣉࣛࢡࢸ࢕ࢫᰝㄞጤဨ㻌ඣ⋢♸ᝋ 㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍ ㄽᩥㄅᰝㄞጤဨ㻌ඣ⋢♸ᝋ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ ィ⟬ᶵ࢔࣮࢟ࢸࢡࢳࣕ◊✲఍㐠Ⴀጤဨ㻌 ඣ⋢♸ᝋ&RRO&KLSV ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛጤဨ㻌 㧗ᶫ኱௓ ඛ㐍ⓗィ⟬ᇶ┙ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ 6$&6,6 ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛጤဨ㻌 ᘓ㒊ಟぢ ≉ᐃ㠀Ⴀ฼ᅋయࡘࡃࡤ 266 ᢏ⾡ᨭ᥼ࢭࣥࢱ࣮⌮஦㛗㻌 ᘓ㒊ಟぢ㸸࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ࢝ࣥࣇ࢓ࣞࣥࢫ  ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛጤဨ㻌 ᘓ㒊ಟぢ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ◊✲఍㐠Ⴀጤဨ㻌 ᕝᓥⱥஅ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ ࢹ࣮ࢱ࣮࣋ࢫࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲఍ ᖿ஦㻌 ᕝᓥⱥஅ ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ㄽᩥㄅ⦅㞟ጤဨ఍ጤဨ㻌-146-

⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ᖹᡂ  ᖺᗘᖺḟሗ࿌᭩ ᕝᓥⱥஅ 㟁Ꮚ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍ ▱ⓗ⎔ቃ࡜ࢭࣥࢧࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ◊✲఍ ጤဨ㻌 ከ⏣㔝ᐶே ᪥ᮏᛂ⏝ᩘ⌮Ꮫ఍ࠕ⾜ิ࣭ᅛ᭷್ၥ㢟ࡢゎἲ࡜ࡑࡢᛂ⏝ࠖ◊✲㒊఍ ᖿ஦㻌 ከ⏣㔝ᐶே ᪥ᮏᛂ⏝ᩘ⌮Ꮫ఍ࠕⱝᡭࡢ఍ࠖ◊✲㒊఍ 㐠Ⴀጤဨ㻌 ከ⏣㔝ᐶே ᪥ᮏᛂ⏝ᩘ⌮Ꮫ఍ࠕᛂ⏝ᩘ⌮ࠖ⦅㞟ጤဨ㻌 ከ⏣㔝ᐶே ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡜ィ⟬⛉Ꮫࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘
+3&6 ᐇ⾜ጤဨ㻌 ከ⏣㔝ᐶே ᝟ሗฎ⌮Ꮫ఍ࣁ࢖ࣃࣇ࢛࣮࣐ࣥࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ࢕ࣥࢢ࡜ィ⟬⛉Ꮫࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘
+3&6 ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛጤဨ㻌 ከ⏣㔝ᐶே ඛ㐍ⓗィ⟬ᇶ┙ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ 6$&6,6 ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛጤဨ㻌ࡑࡢ௚
㻝㻚⟃Ἴ኱Ꮫィ⟬⛉Ꮫ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮࣭HPC ࢧ࣐࣮ࢭ࣑ࢼ࣮㛤ദ

-147-