国総研ニューズレター

No.52

NILIM News Letter

Spring 2015

■ Four selected fields and twelve research topics for the creation of the future society
Planning and Research Administration Department, Planning Division

In FY 2015, the NILIM will conduct research with priority on
four fields. We skillfully apply advanced technologies of civilengineering and architecture in order to respond to social needs
and to resolve problems in the fields. Major research topics ineach field (total of 12 topics) are introduced below.

[1. Infrastructure Maintenance]
We will conduct research to develop methods to evaluate
soundness of road structures, and to design repair and retrofitting
for them considering actual strength of materials and traffic
conditions, and sewer pipe survey and condition assessment
methods, in order to keep peopleʼs daily lives secure and safe evenas infrastructures deteriorate.

[1] Develop methods to evaluate soundness, and to design repair andretrofitting road structures[2] Research to support asset management for sewer pipes[3] Research to advance runway pavement inspection and repair
technologies (improving precision and shortening time)[2. Disaster prevention and mitigation, and risk management]
To protect human lives from floods, sediment disasters andtsunami, we will develop technologies to support residents'
evacuation, including inundation prediction systems applying
observed and predicted information obtained by a new type of radar
etc., and tsunami observation techniques applying oceanographic
radar.
[4] Development of super short-term inundation warning
information systems for people in underground space[5] Research on high precision sediment disaster occurrence
prediction methods applying real time observation andmonitoring data

[6] Development of safety evaluation methods and repairing andretrofitting technologies for buildings struck simultaneously bystrong seismic motion and fire[7] Research to improve safety from tsunami in port areas[3. Intelligent use]
We will develop technologies to more effectively and intelligently
use existing road networks, port and harbor facilities, and urbandistricts, such as clarifying movement during disasters, preventing
congestion, and conducting logistics more efficiently through theuse of ETC2.0.

[8] Research on road information innovations to use roads "moreintelligently"[9] Development methods of quantitatively evaluating diverse
energy saving design technologies for housing envelopecharacteristic of various regions[10] Development of methods of evaluating low carbon urban
planning by improving thermal environments of cities throughthe use of greenery[11] Development of container vessel route network prediction
methods in response to structural change of ocean transport[4. Execution procedureʼs innovation]

To execute public works projects more efficiently by innovating
construction production systems, we will conduct research on new
public works execution procedures through government-privatesector cooperation.
[12] Research on new public works project execution procedures
through government- private sector cooperation.

Details * Press release on April 27, 2015 (NILIM Web Site)

http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/kisya/journal/kisya20150427b.pdf■ Software development to support the creation of liquefaction hazard maps
Urban Planning Department, Urban Planning Division

The Division has developed housing land liquefaction
hazard map technology to help regional public bodies provide
liquefaction information. The software can be obtained byapplying to the NILIM web site.
In response to damage to housing and public infrastructure bywide-spread liquefaction phenomena caused by the Great East
Japan Earthquake of March 2011, the National Government hasrevised liquefaction damage possibility estimate methods inthe “Technical Guidance for Estimating Liquefaction Potentialof Housing Lands” (April 2012). To be able to easily perform
liquefaction estimates based on the technical guidance, the NILIM
has developed an Excel-based calculation sheet and provided it on
the NILIM Housing Land Disaster Prevention web site where it isdownloadable.

LegendPossibility of serious
liquefaction damageMeshSurveypoints

Low
RelativelylowHigh

Figure: Sample display of a housing land liquefaction map1

The NILIM has developed software that applies this calculation
sheet to create housing land liquefaction maps based on judgments
under the above technical guidance. This software displays thepossibility of liquefaction damage on a map in three ranks in meshunits 250m or 500m as determined by judgments of the possibilityof liquefaction damage at survey points obtained by entering pastboring survey results to the calculation sheet. It can also be used
to update wide area and high survey density liquefaction maps ofobject areas by adding new boring survey results.
An application to obtain this software can be submitted throughthe NILIM Housing Land Disaster Prevention web site. The use ofthis software is counted on to further advance the creation of housing
land liquefaction maps by regional public bodies and expand theprovision of information concerning the possibility of liquefaction
damage to residents etc. and to advance countermeasures to protect
housing land from liquefaction.

Details * NILIM “Housing Land Disaster Prevention” web site
http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/jbg/takuti/takuti.html■ Collision experiments using actual vehicles to test guard fences for community roads
Road Traffic Department, Road Division

The division has created a prototype small section guard fence toimprove safety on community roads and confirmed its performanceby performing collision experiments using actual vehicles.
In recent years, the number of fatalities caused by traffic
accidents in Japan has been falling, but deaths of pedestrians andcyclists account for half of these fatalities, and the per capital rateof such fatalities is relatively high among industrialized countries.
And about half of fatal accidents that claim the lives of pedestrians
etc. occur within 500m of the victimsʼ homes.
Based on such statistics, the NILIM is conducting research todevelop new kinds of guard fences to efficiently take traffic safety
countermeasures on community roads. Collision experiments
using actual vehicles to test prototype guard fences were carriedout in February 2015.
The features of the prototype guard fences that were made arebroadly categorized as two points.
① Because one characteristic of traffic on community roads is a low
percentage of large vehicles, their design strength withstands
the impact of medium-size vehicles. (Generally, guard rails areprovided with design strength that withstands the impact of largevehicles.)② Its structure features a section width that is more compact
than normal guard rails, so it can be installed easily on narrowcommunity roads.
The experiments were performed at a collision test facility at thePhoto: View of a Collision

NILIM by having medium size vehicles with total weight of 8 tons
collide with the guard fence at an angle of 10 degrees while travelingat a speed of 40km/hour. The results confirmed that while the guard
fences were deformed about 10cm towards the sidewalk, they
prevented the vehicles from penetrating any further into the sidewalk
area, so that they can protect pedestrians under this condition.
In the future, this study will continue in order to introduce guard
fences for community roads on actual roadsides.

Details * Road Division web site

(A video of the experiments can be viewed at this site.)

http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/gbg/kenkyu/20150210syoutotsujikken/20150210jikkendouga.pdf■ Advancing Earthquake Research -- Publication of the Damage Database of Sewer Pipes

Damaged by Past Earthquakes

Water Quality Control Department, Wastewater System Division

In order to advance earthquake resistance and enact BCP for
wastewater facilities by local governments, and to facilitate
research by earthquake researchers, the Division has created aSewer Pipe Earthquake Damage Database of information usefulas reference information to improve pipe damage prediction
precision and judge seismic retrofitting priorities and has opened
the database for use by the public.
The ratio of completed earthquake resistance retrofitting ofimportant sewer pipes is low at about 44% (end of 2013), resulting
in severe damage by the recent Great East Japan Earthquake. Thereis, therefore, an urgent need to encourage earthquake resistancework to prepare for large earthquakes such as the Nankai Troughrelated earthquake that is predicted to occur in the near future or for2

Photo: Manhole pushed up by Liquefaction

a large earthquake directly under the Tokyo region.
But earthquake resistance improvement of facilities requiresa large budget and considerable time. Therefore, It is important
to appropriately combine “damage prevention” with “damagemitigation” in the analysis of past damage data, to implement
earthquake resisting countermeasures efficiently and effectively tominimize damage.
Local governments are advancing earthquake resistance
improvement of sewer pipes, but they have no information aboutdamage to facilities caused by past earthquakes so it is difficult forthem to predict the likelihood or scale of damage and to decidepriority countermeasure locations.
The NILIM is now conducting research on rational planning ofearthquake resistance improvement works, and through the processof this research, has collected varied data about damage to sewer
pipes. These data have already been released to the public as adata base, because they can be used to study earthquake resistance
improvement countermeasures by regional public bodies or
researchers whose goal is secure and safe urban development.
The data base that has been released for public use contains
information about damage to sewer pipes on approximately 5,000
spans (pipes upstream from, downstream from, and betweenmanholes) caused by the Noto Peninsula Earthquake (2007), theNiigata Prefecture Offshore Earthquake (2007), the Great East Japan
Earthquake (2011), and the Nagano Prefecture North Earthquake(2011). The damage information includes pipeline specification data(soil cover, pipe diameter, manhole type, etc.), earthquake related
data (seismic intensity, SI value, microtopography categories, etc.),
and pipeline damage data (state of damage).

Details * Wastewater System Division

http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/ebg/zishin_db.html■ Study on Measuring method of Friction Coefficient for Runway Surface
Airport Department, Airport Construction Systems Division

To more easily measure the friction coefficient of runway
surfaces at airports that has been done in the past by driving aSurface Friction Tester (SFT) at high speed (95km/h) over therunway, the applicability of driving the SFT at 65km/h and usinga DF tester is being studied.

SFT(Surface Friction Tester)

DF tester

The adhesion of tire rubber on runways and the decline of theirsurface drainage properties are accompanied by the decline of
the runway surface friction coefficient, which causes problems
ensuring safety of aircraft when taking off and landing on
runways. The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
requires that target runway surface friction coefficient values be
set and publicized so that every airport must regularly performmeasurements to manage its friction coefficient, but it is necessary
to simplify this measurement in order to ensure their ability toobtain measuring instruments and personnel to operate them. To
drive an SFT (95km/h) at high speed on a runway at night when
visibility is poor requires a high level of technical experience, so
it is difficult for airports to make this measurement frequently.
We have, therefore, studied measurements by lower speed (SFT(65km/h)). We have also studying the applicability of the relatively
widely used road friction coefficient measurement device (DFtype) to runways.
In 2014, we performed runway surface friction coefficientmeasurements on the runway at Tokyo International Airport using
SFT (95km/h and 65km/h) and a DF tester (50km/h) and studied thecorrelations between the measured friction coefficients obtained byeach instrument.
The measurement results confirmed that there are correlations
between SFT (95km/h) and SFT (65km/h) and between SFT(95km/h) and the DF tester (50km/h).
In the future, we will perform measurements at multiple airports
under differing conditions to prepare to introduce 65km/h travel by
SFT and using DF testers to confirm their applicability to runways.
Relationship of µ SFT95 with µ SFT65
All data

Figure: Correlation of Friction Coeﬃcients μ● Publication (research achievements) < March, 2015-May, 2015 >Download from here * http://www.nilim.go.jp/lab/bcg/siryou/index.htm

RESEARCH REPORT of NILIM
No.
56

Title of Paper
Study on the Planning Method of the Elderly Housing with Life Support ServiceNames of Divisions
Research Coordinator forHousing Performance3

PROJECT RESEARCH REPORT of NILIM
No.
47
48

Title of Paper

Project Leaders

Development of Building Seismic Performance Evaluation Technologies in Response tothe Advance of Earthquake Motion Information
Research on facilitation measures for expanding international ferry transport services inAsia

Director of the BuildingDepartment
Director of the Port andHarbor Department

TECHNICAL NOTE of NILIM
No.
814815816817818

Title of Paper

Names of Divisions

Reconnaissance Report on Damage to Road Bridges by the 2011 Great East JapanEarthquake
Tsukuba Science Cityʼs Problems on Formation Process through a Present State andSubjects
Damage to Ports and their Surrounding Areas in the Philippines due to Storm Surge andWaves of 2013 Typhoon Haiyan
A Logit Model of Cargo Flow of International Ferries and RORO ships
Study on Relationship between Lift-thickness and Mat Density of Airport Asphalt
Pavementʼs Surface Course

819 Report for the joint research on the next generation Cooperative ITS
820 US-Japan Collaborative Research on Probe Data: Assessment Report
821 Report of the 1st Evaluation Committee of NILIM in FY 2014
822 Annual Report of Basic Data on Road Structurs In FY 2013
823 FY2013 Annual Report of Wastewater Management and Water Quality Control
824 Landscape and Ecology Division, Annual Research Report (29th)
825 Study on planning method of effective house modification and adaptation for the elderly

Bridge and Structures Division
Urban Development Division
Coastal Disaster Prevention
Division
Port Systems Division
Airport Facilities Division
Intelligent Transport SystemsDivision
Intelligent Transport SystemsDivision
Research Administration andEvaluation Division
Bridge and Structures Division
Wastewater System Division
Wastewater and Sludge
Management Division
Landscape and Ecology
Division
Research Coordinator for
Housing Performance
Planning Division

826 Repor t of the Lecture Meet ing of NILIM (2014)
Study on the strength of high strength bolted friction joints with super high strength
827
Bridge and Structures Divisionbolts for application to steel highway bridges
828 Study on Evaluation of Rust by Appearance Properties for Weathering Steel Bridge
Bridge and Structures Division
829 Basic Textbook for Bridge Inspection, 2014
Bridge and Structures Division
Study on rationally analytical design method of steel highway bridges
841
Bridge and Structures Division−Design method for steel highway bridges maily using “the constant shear flow panels”−
4. Noise 4.1 Noise Caused by Road Traffic (Revision of FY 2014)
842
Road Environment Division
Environment Impact Assessment Technique for Road Project
Study on Plan for Facilitating Provision of Publicly-Operated Housing after the Great East
Residential Environment
846 Japan Earthquake
Planning Division− Cases Examples of Basic Plan for Publicly-Operated Housing −Maintenance Information
848 Cooperative Research on method of Creating and Updating of Large Scale Road Map
Technology Division● We provide you with research information.
・ Annual Report of NILIMThis web site introduces NILIM activities throughout the year, including research activities and achievements,
future initiatives, etc.
Go to this web site: * http://www.nilim.go.jp/english/annual/index.htm

National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management
Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism
Asahi 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0804, Japan(Tachihara) Tachihara 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0802, Japan(Yokosuka) Nagase 3-1-1, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 239-0826, JapanSpring 2015
TEL:+81-29-864-2754 FAX:+81-29-864-4322
http://www.nilim.go.jp/english/eindex.htm
Edited and Published by National Institute for Land and Infrastructure ManagementNo.52

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NILIM News Letter