V. CUSTOMS CONTROLS AGAINST SMUGGLINGOF OTHER ITEMSThere are other items prohibited from import and export under the Customs Act, in addition
to illicit drugs, firearms, and goods infringing intellectual property rights. There are also items
whose import and export are regulated under other domestic laws and regulations.

1. Smuggling Cases Involving CITES-listed Species
In 1973, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna andFlora (CITES) was adopted in Washington D.C. for the purpose of regulating international
trade of endangered species and protecting them from extinction. This Convention is called
the Washington Convention. The Convention covers not only live animals and plants as pets
or for appreciation, but also processed products, such as stuffed animals, and coats and otherclothes, handbags, belts, shoes, pieces of work, and Chinese medicines, etc. using animals
and plants.
During the one-year period from January to December of 2020, Customs made accusationsof 3 smuggling cases involving CITES-listed species.
< Major smuggling cases involving CITES-listed species >[Case 1] Smuggling of ivory
Customs accused a Laotian national
who attempted to smuggle 13 pieces ofivory by air to Laos via Vietnam ofviolating the Customs Act.
(Jan. 2020; Tokyo Customs)[Case 2] Smuggling of neoceratodus forsteri
Customs accused one corporation and two Japanesenationals who smuggled 15 neoceratodus forsteri by
the use of air cargo from Indonesia of violating theCustoms Act.
(Mar. 2020; Tokyo Customs)

2. Export Cases
There are specific cargo items whose export requires permission or approval under laws
and regulations other than the Customs Act. The effectiveness of regulations under theselaws and regulations is to be secured by linking them with the export permission system under
the Customs Act. Customs made accusations of a total of 5 cases of illicit export during theone-year period from January to December of 2020.
< Major export cases >[Case 1] Smuggling of young eels
Customs accused six Japanese and one
South Korean nationals who attempted tosmuggle 58 kg of young eels by air to Hong
Kong of violating the Customs Act.
(Aug. 2020; Osaka Customs)[Case 2] Illicit export of spray dryers
Customs accused one corporation and three Japanese males who illicitly exported atotal of 2 sets of spray dryers by sea to China and South Korea of violating the Customs
Act.
(Jun. 2020; Tokyo Customs)

3. Counterfeit Credit Cards, etc.
Under the Customs Act, counterfeits, forgeries, and imitations of coins, bills, bank notes, stamps,
postal stamps, and securities, and counterfeit cards are specified as cargo that must not be imported.
In June 2009, cards that would be made into counterfeit credit cards (blank cards) were added toarticles prohibited from import. Customs made accusations of cases of counterfeit credit cards andblank cards.
< Major smuggling cases of counterfeit credit cards, etc. >[Case] Smuggling of counterfeit credit cards, etc.
Customs accused three Malaysians nationals whoattempted to smuggle 34 counterfeit credit cards andone blank card by air from Taiwan of violating theCustoms Act.
(Apr. and Jun. 2020; Okinawa Regional Customs)