Institute forSpace–Earth Environmental Research
Nagoya University

Annual Report

April 2018–March 2019

Foreword

The Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), as arepresentative institute of Nagoya University, actively continues researchand education. ISEE was established in October 2015 by merging three
institutes of Nagoya University: the Solar Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory, the Center for Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research, and theCenter for Chronological Research. The mission of ISEE is to clarify themechanisms and mutual relationships of the Earth, the Sun, and cosmic
space, treating them as a seamless system, and to benefit humanity by
resolving issues in the global environment and contributing to theadvances of space exploration. To this end, ISEE has continued topromote the development of new science fields in cooperation withvarious related communities. Its role as the Joint Usage/Research Center is
one of its most important tasks. As the Joint Usage/Research Center, weoperate various programs for the International Joint Research, Workshop and Symposium, high-performance computing,database management, and chronological analysis. In FY 2018, we conducted the joint research programs of 208 titles.
As this year is in the middle of the third-phase medium term of Japanese national universities, we conducted external
evaluations of all ISEE activities by inviting the following world-leading scientists as the External Review Committee
members: Prof. Daniel Baker (University of Colorado), Dr. Nat Gopalswamy (NASA), Prof. Feng Sheng Hu (The
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign), Dr. Teruyuki Nakajima (JAXA), and Prof. Tuneyoshi Kamae (The Universityof Tokyo & Stanford University). Through this review, the ISEE activities are highly evaluated as follows:
It is a clear and deeply held view of the External Review Committee that ISEE is performing at a remarkablelevel. The Institute comprises committed individuals who are not only passionate in their individual roles but
also highly collegial in what they do. The leadership of ISEE is effective and enlightened in all key respects. The
Institute and its members are successfully pursuing a wide range of space science, geophysical, and astronomical
research themes in a highly integrative fashion. It is the Committee’s consensus view that ISEE—even now at
the midway of its six-year nominal lifetime—has already achieved the objective of interdisciplinary research on
an impressive scale with strong international dimensions. The individual divisions and programs are synergistic
and the whole of ISEE is much greater than the sum of its parts. The scope of their endeavors in space and Earthsciences is exceptional for an academic institute, putting Japan in a strong position to compete in this broadresearch arena on the global stage.
In FY 2018, the mid-term evaluation of the Joint Usage/Research Centers by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,
Science and Technology (MEXT) was also conducted, and ISEE received rank-A evaluation, as ISEE is expected tocontribute to the related communities through the integrated research linking space science and Earth science.
We are actively working to promote international joint research, and in this year, we have invited 219 foreign
researchers to conduct joint research and seminars. In particular, we organized the 1st ISEE International Symposium
on “Recent Progress in Heliospheric Physics by Direct Measurements of Unexplored Space Plasmas” from February 25
to 29, 2019, at Nagoya University. The ISEE International Symposium is the frag-ship meeting of more than 50
scientific meetings convened by ISEE every year. In addition, the ISEE International Workshop program produces
various new international joint papers and books through the collaboration and discussion of experts from all over theworld for each scientific subject, and the ISEE International Joint Research Program led by established scientists fromvarious countries successfully continues.

2 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchAiming to develop space−earth environmental research, promoting interdisciplinary research, and exploring the new
discipline of space−earth environmental research, we established the ISEE Award for a prominent research activity thatis based on the ISEE Joint Research Program. The first ISEE Award was awarded to Professor Hisao Takahashi of the
National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Brazil, for his great contribution to space−earth environmental researchthrough studies of ionospheric disturbances in the equatorial region. The award ceremony and memorial lecture were
held on February 27, 2019. We hope that the ISEE Award will further help the development of space−earth
environmental research in the future.
ISEE is organized by basic research divisions comprising seven research groups and three centers: the Center forInternational Collaborative Research, the Center for Integrated Data Science, and the Center for Orbital and Suborbital
Observation. ISEE is currently promoting four interdisciplinary research projects: the Project for Solar-Terrestrial
Climate Research, the Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction, the Project for the Interaction of Neutral andPlasma Atmosphere, and the Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation. These projects are being carried out incooperation with the following nationwide collaborative research: “Project for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction(PSTEP) (PI: Kanya Kusano), “Study of Dynamical Variation of Particles and Waves in the Inner Magnetosphereusing Ground-based Network Observations (PWING) (PI: Kazuo Shiokawa), “Tropical Cyclones-Pacific Asian
Research Campaign for Improvement of Intensity Estimations/Forecasts (T-PARCII) (PI: Kazuhisa Tsubkoki), and“Changing Climate and Resident-Environment in the Migrations and Expansions of Homo Sapiens across the Continentof Asia” (PI: Hiroyuki Kitagawa), which are supported by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research program of MEXT.
ISEE strives to nurture young minds through new perspectives and integrated and international partnerships. In
particular, ISEE cooperates with the Graduate School of Science, Graduate School of Engineering, and Graduate Schoolof Environmental Studies of Nagoya University to offer a unique educational opportunity in which graduate students
from the three graduate schools collaborate on research of mutual interest. Through ISEE, these students also participate
in international research activities.
At ISEE, we are actively working on outreach programs to promote public awareness of our research and contribute toscience education. In FY 2018, we held an open lecture and conducted an open laboratory at the University Festival(Meidai-Sai) in June. In September, we conducted a public lecture in cooperation with the Council for ResearchInstitutes and Centers of Japanese National Universities. In addition, we organized an open seminar on"Internationalized Astronomy Research” in conjunction with the Graduate School of Science, a summer school forelementary-school students in the Tokai region to learn about the history of the Earth, as well as an open house at the
Kiso Observatory. We gave a presentation at the Nagoya University Homecoming Day event in October, and cooperated
with organizers in presenting the Science Festival for Young People in the city of Tarumizu, Kagoshima Prefecture (thelocation of ISEE Observatory) in December. We created a video to explain ISEE research for the ISEE homepage andYouTube viewing, and distributed postcards providing information about video access to ISEE research, as well as
scientific booklets for high-school students in Aichi Prefecture.
Modern society is undergoing drastic changes and civilization is rapidly evolving in an unprecedented manner at a
global scale. ISEE views the Sun, Earth, and space as a seamless system because it is crucial to understand the delicate
balance and mechanisms of this system to sustain humanity and develop mankind spreading throughout the solar system.
ISEE will, therefore, continue with its mission to help resolve global issues and advance space exploration. We hopethat this annual report can help you understand the recent ISEE activities.

Kanya Kusano
Director

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

3

ISEE Award

The first award ceremony and memorial lecture was held on Feb.27, 2019.

Establishment of ISEE Award
Aiming to develop space-earth environmental research, promoting interdisciplinary research, and exploring the new discipline ofspace-earth environmental research, the ISEE is presenting an ISEE Award to a prominent research activity that is based on the
ISEE Joint Research Program.

The first ISEE Award was given to Professor Hisao Takahashi of the National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Brazil, for
his great contribution to space–earth environmental research through studies of ionospheric disturbances in the equatorial region.
The award ceremony and memorial lecture was held as below.
Date:

February 27, 2019, 16:00–17:30

Venue:

ES hall of the ES building in the Nagoya University Higashiyama Campus

Title of the Award Lecture:

Our Concern for Space Weather - Equatorial Ionospheric Plasma Bubbles

ISEE Award 2018
Dr. Hisao Takahashi

Winner：Professor of post-graduate course
INPE, Brazil

Title：Contribution to Space-Earth Environmental Research through Studies of Generation
and Development of Equatorial Ionospheric Plasma Bubble

Citation: Dr. Takahashi has shown, for the first time, using GNSS data over South America that
atmospheric waves launched from tropospheric convection are propagated to an altitude of 300 km,
generating a wavy structure of the ionospheric plasma. He suggested that such waves can trigger
plasma bubbles after sunset. During his visit to ISEE, Nagoya University, in 2016 as a visiting
professor, he organized an international workshop and led a global discussion on the generation anddevelopment of plasma bubbles. The results of the workshop have been published in 13 scientificpapers in a special issue of the international journal, Progress in Earth and Planetary Sciences.
Carrier of the winner： Dr. Takahashi received his Master of Science at Niigata University in 1970, and then received his PhD degree in INPE,
Brazil, in 1980. Since then, he has been working at INPE as a research staff of Aeronomy Division， Head of Aeronomy Division, andGeneral manager of Space weather Program of INPE. He has been carrying out measurements of Aurora and Airglow to study atmosphericwaves and their impacts on the Earth’s upper atmosphere.

4 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchResearch Highlight 2018

Fig.1

Aircraft observation of supertyphoon Trami
Supertyphoon Trami caused a huge disaster over central Japan at the end of September
2018. The T-PARCII team performed an aircraft observation of Trami on September 25,
when the storm was categorized as a supertyphoon. We penetrated the eye of Trami andmade dropsonde observations successfully. The observation showed a central pressureof 918.8 hPa and the thermodynamic structure of the eye. The aircraft observation
continued until September 28 and the time evolution of the storm was observed.

Since typhoon intensities are now estimated using satellite cloud images, there is alarge uncertainty in the intensity data of a very intense typhoon, such as a supertyphoon.
Accurate data and forecasts of typhoon intensity are very important for disasterprevention. The T-PARCII project aims to improve typhoon intensity estimations andforecasts. We performed aircraft observations of two supertyphoons in 2017 and 2018.
The penetration observations provided accurate data of typhoon central pressure andthermodynamic structure of the typhoon’s inner core. The assimilation of dropsondedata improved the track and intensity forecasts. In 2018, dropsonde data weresuccessfully transmitted in real time to all forecast organizations in the world andcontributed to operational forecast of a typhoon.

Fig.2

Fig. 1： Photograph of the eye of supertyphoon Trami from the aircraft at a height of 14 km on September
25, 2018: lower clouds and eye-wall cloud (Prof. H. Yamada of Univ. Ryukyus).
Fig. 2： Visible satellite image of Trami and dropsonde launching point on September 25, 2018.
Fig. 3： Flight passes of the aircraft observation during September 25–28, 2018. The gray line indicatesthe flight pass of Taiwan DOTSTAR. The circles indicate the position of the storm core.
Fig.3

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 5

Research Highlight 2018

©JAXA
Fig.1

Direct observations of energetic electron
accelerations by chorus waves
Dr. Satoshi Kurita and Prof. Yoshizumi Miyoshi of CIDAS and colleagues have analyzed the plasma waves and electron data fromthe Arase satellite and identified a rapid acceleration of energetic electrons by chorus waves.

Cross-energy coupling is a key concept for understanding the
dynamical evolutions of the geospace, where plasma/particles
with different energy ranges interact each other throughwave−particle interactions. Accelerations of energetic electronsby plasma waves are one of the key processes in cross-energy
coupling. Although it had been supposed that the day-order timescale is necessary to accelerate electrons, the new observations
from Arase showed tens of keV of electron accelerations within
30 s after the enhancement of chorus waves, which is much
shorter than that predicted in the traditional diffusion theory. This
result was published in Geophysical Research Letters, American
Geophysical Union. This study uses the data files and analysis
software distributed by the ERG-Science Center, operated by
ISAS/JAXA and ISEE.

Fig.2

Fig.1： Arase satellite in Geospace.
Fig.2： Frequency-time diagram of chorus waves observed by Arase. (b) Energy spectrum of energetic electrons just before enhancements of chorus
waves. (c) Same as (b) but after enhancements of chorus waves. Horizontal axis is the pitch angle, and the vertical axis is energy.

6 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchResearch Highlight 2018

Fig.1

Origin of cosmic ray event confirmed by 10Be
analysis of ice cores
10

Miyake et al. analyzed Be concentrations in the Antarctic Dome Fuji ice core with a high time resolution and showed that theorigin of the cosmic ray event in 994 CE is consistent with an extreme Solar Proton Event (SPE). A signature of an extreme SPE,
whose scale far exceeds the historically recorded events, was found in 775 CE; therefore, it is possible that such extreme SPEs
occurred several times in the past.

Fig.2

A sudden increase in cosmic ray intensity was discovered in 993–994 CE
from 14C analyses of tree rings; however, its origin was not identified. It is
important to analyze multiple cosmogenic nuclides such as 14C and 10Be
to determine the origin of the event. We obtained quasi-annual 10Be
concentrations in Southern Hemisphere ice core for the first time anddetected a 10Be increase similar to that observed in the Northern
Hemisphere (Greenland). This result supports a solar proton origin andindicates the occurrence of extremely large-scale SPEs at ~993–994 CE.
We also proposed a method for detecting cosmic ray signals using Na ion
data of the same ice core. It is expected that this will lead to a further
search for cosmic ray events using 10Be on a scale of hundreds ofthousands of years in the future.

Fig.1 ： Dome Fuji station and an image of 10Be
production through an interaction between a cosmic ray
and an atmospheric atom (Picture taken by Prof.
Motoyama).
Fig.2：Ice core sample used for the analysis.

Paper information
Journal： Geophysical Research Letters, Vol.46(1), 11-18
Authors： F. Miyake, K. Horiuchi, Y. Motizuki, Y. Nakai, K. Takahashi, K. Masuda, H. Motoyama, and H. Matsuzaki
10
10
Title： Be signature of the cosmic ray event in the 10th century CE in both hemispheres, as confirmed by quasi-annual Be data fromthe Antarctic Dome Fuji ice core
DOI： 10.1029/2018GL080475

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research7Research Highlight 2018

Fig.1

Rarefaction of the solar wind associated withweakening of solar activity
The current solar cycle (Cycle 24) is the weakest in 100 years. From long-term observations of interplanetary scintillation conducted
at ISEE, Nagoya University, it has been revealed that the solar wind emanating from the Sun is significantly rarefied in Cycle 24.

Radio sources with a compact apparent size undergo “twinkling” by scattering of
the solar wind plasma. This phenomenon is called interplanetary scintillation(IPS) and is used as a ground-based method for observing the solar wind. The
division for heliospheric research of ISEE has been conducting multi-station IPS
observations since 1980s using large radiotelescopes developed by them. The
global properties of the solar wind and its response to solar activities have been
investigated, being based on the IPS data. As a result, the occurrence of a rarefied
solar wind is found to significantly increase in association with the weakening of
the recent solar activity. This tendency is observed prominently for the slow solar
wind with a speed of less than 350 km/s. The solar wind is known to consist of afast stream with a low density and a slow stream with a high density. The factrevealed from the IPS observations suggests violation of this relation. While thecause for rarefaction of the slow solar wind by weakening of the solar activity
remains an open question, it is considered to provide a clue to elucidate theunsettled mechanism of the solar wind formation.
Paper information
Journal： Journal of Geophysical Research – Space Physics, Vol. 123, 2520-2534
Authors： M. Tokumaru, T. Shimoyama, K. Fujiki, and K. Hakamada
Title： Rarefaction of the very-slow (<350 km/s) solar wind in Cycle 24 compared with Cycle 23
DOI： 10.1002/2017ja025014

8 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Fig.2

Fig.1 ： Radiotelescope dedicated for IPS
observations at Toyokawa (SWIFT).
Fig.2 ： Percentage bar graph of the density
occurrence of the solar wind at a speed of <350
km/s. Blue and red areas denote occurrence
rates of low and high densities, respectively. As
shown here, the occurrence rates of the low
density have increased recently (cited from
Tokumaru et al., 2018).

Contents
Foreword ............................................................................................................2
ISEE Award ........................................................................................................4
Research Highlight............................................................................................5
1. History ..............................................................................................................10
2. Organization .................................................................................................... 11
3. Staff ..................................................................................................................12
4. Committee of Other Organizations ................................................................16
5. Joint Research Programs ...............................................................................19
Lists of Accepted Proposals/ Lists of Collaboration Resources

6. Governance .....................................................................................................24
Advisory Board/ Collaborative Research Committee/ Joint Research Technical Committee/ Steering
Committee of the Center for International Collaborative Research/ Steering Committee of the Center for
Integrated Data Science/ Steering Committee of the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Research

7. Finance.............................................................................................................29
External Funding and Industry–Academia–Government Collaborations/ Library/ Properties

8. Research Topics ..............................................................................................31
8-1 Research Divisions ................................................................................................................................... 32
Division for Integrated Studies/ Cosmic-Ray Research/ Heliospheric Research/ Ionospheric andMagnetospheric Research/ Meteorological and Atmospheric Research/ Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research/
Chronological Research

8-2 Research Centers ...................................................................................................................................... 60
Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR)/ Integrated Data Science (CIDAS)/ Orbital andSuborbital Observations (COSO)

8-3 Interdisciplinary Researches ................................................................................................................... 66
Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research/ Space–Earth Environment Prediction/ the Interaction of
Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres/ Aerosol and Cloud Formation

9.

Publications and Presentations .....................................................................74
Papers (in refereed Journals, April 2018–March 2019)/ Books (April 2018–March 2019)/ Publication ofProceedings/ Conference Presentations (April 2018–March 2019)/ Awards

10. Education ......................................................................................................... 98
Graduate Programs/ Number of Students Supervised by ISEE Staff/ Faculty Members/ Undergraduate Education

11. International Relations .................................................................................. 101
Academic Exchange/ Research Projects/ Visitors from Foreign Institutes/ Seminars by Foreign Visitors

12. Outreach ........................................................................................................ 119
Public Lectures, Open Labs, and School Visits1. History

1. History
Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory

Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center (HyARC)

May, 1949

April, 1957

Research Institute of Atmospherics,
Nagoya University was established.

April, 1958

Cosmic-ray Research Laboratory,
Faculty of Science, Nagoya University
was established.

The Nagoya University Centerfor Chronological Research

The Water Research Laboratory,
Faculty of Science, Nagoya
University was established.

September, 1973

The Water Research Institute (WRI),
Nagoya University was organized.

February, 1981

The Tandetron Accelerator Laboratory
was established in the Radioisotope
Research Center of Nagoya University.

March, 1982

Installation of the Tandetron
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry(AMS) machine No.1 was completed.

January, 1987

June, 1990

The Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Laboratory (STEL) was established.

April, 1995

The Center for Joint Observations andData Processing was organized.

Inter-University Service of 14C
measurements was started with theTandetron AMS machine No.1.

April, 1993

The Institute for HydrosphericAtmospheric Sciences (IHAS),
Nagoya University was organized.

June, 1990

The Nagoya University Dating andMaterial Research Center was
established.

March, 1997

The Tandetron AMS machine No. 2
was newly introduced.

April, 2001
April, 2003

The Rikubetsu Observatory wasorganized.

The Hydrospheric AtmosphericResearch Center (HyARC), Nagoya
University was established.

April, 2004

April, 2000

The Nagoya University Center for
Chronological Research wasorganized.The CHIME dating system
was transferred from the School of
Science.

The Geospace Research Center was
established.

March, 2006

Laboratory was relocated to the
Higashiyama Campus.

April, 2010

Approved as one of the Joint
Usage/Research Centers.

April, 2010

Approved as one of the Joint
Usage/Research Centers.

October, 2015,

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), merging the laboratory
and two centers, was established.
January, 2016ISEE was approved as one of the Joint Usage/Research Centers.

10

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research2. Organization

2. Organization
Research Department

Integrated Studies

Advisory
Board

Director

Cosmic-Ray
Research
Faculty Council

HeliosphericResearch
Ionospheric andMagnetospheric Research

Vice
Directors
Collaborative
Research Committee

Meteorological andAtmospheric Research
Land–Ocean
Ecosystem Research
ChronologicalResearchCenter for International
Collaborative Research
Moshiri Observatory
Rikubetsu
Observatory
Fuji Observatory
Kagoshima
Observatory
Center for Integrated Data Science

Center for Orbital and Suborbital
Observations
Technical Support Divisions(Technical Center of Nagoya University)

Library
Library, SolarTerrestrial Sciences(ISEE Libary #1)
Library, HydrosphericAtmospheric Sciences(ISEE Library #2)

Administrative Department

Committees

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research113. Staff

3. Staff
Director

Kanya Kusano

Vice Directors

Joji Ishizaka

Vice Directors

Kazuo Shiokawa

Division for Integrated Studies

April 1, 2018–March 31, 2019✱：Concurrent post▲: Left the Institute in the 2018 academic year○: Joined the Institute in the 2018 academic year

Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research

Professor

Kanya Kusano

Professor

Masafumi Hirahara

Professor

Yoshizumi Miyoshi (✱)

Professor

Kazuo Shiokawa (✱)

Associate Professor

Satoshi Masuda

Associate Professor

Yuichi Otsuka

Associate Professor

Takayuki Umeda (✱)

Associate Professor

Satonori Nozawa

Designated Associate Professor

Shinji Saito ▲(✱)

Associate Professor

Masahito Nosé ○Lecturer

Shinsuke Imada

Associate Professor

Nozomu Nishitani (✱)

Assistant Professor

Akimasa Ieda

Lecturer

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Researcher

Haruhisa Iijima

Designated Lecturer

Masaki Nishino (✱)

Researcher

Magnus Morton Woods ○▲Designated Assistant Professor

Atsuki Shinbori

Research Institution Researcher

Shinnosuke Ishikawa ○▲Researcher

Mitsuru Matsumura ▲Research Institution Researcher

Neethal Thomas ▲JSPS Research Fellowship

Shun IMAJO ○* Belongs to Graduate School of Science

Division for Cosmic-Ray Research* Belongs to Graduate School of Engineering

Professor

Yoshitaka Itow

Professor

Hiroyasu Tajima (✱)

Associate Professor

Yutaka Matsubara

Professor

Akira Mizuno

Associate Professor

Fumio Abe (✱)

Professor

Michihiro Mochida ○Associate Professor

Fusa Miyake

Professor

Nobuhiro Takahashi (✱)

Lecturer

Akira Okumura

Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki (✱)

Assistant Professor

Hiroaki Menjo ○Associate Professor

Tomoo Nagahama

Designated Assistant Professor

Shingo Kazama ○(✱)

Associate Professor

Hirohiko Masunaga

Researcher

Yoshinori Sasai ▲Associate Professor

Taro Shinoda (✱)

Researcher

Qidong Zhou ○▲Assistant Professor

Sho Ohata ○(✱)

Technical Assistant

Naoya Hidaka ○▲Assistant Professor

Taku Nakajima

Technical AssistantKazuhiro Huruta ○Designated Assistant Professor

Tenpei Hashino ○▲Technical Assistant

Kinji Morikawa

Researcher

Yange Deng ○Researcher

Fumie Furuzawa

Technical AssistantMinrui Wang ○Technical Assistant

Yoshiki Fukutomi ▲* Belongs to Institute for Advanced Research Section

Division for Heliospheric Research
Professor

Munetoshi Tokumaru

Associate Professor

Kazumasa Iwai

Assistant Professor

Ken-ichi Fujiki

12 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research* Belongs to Institute for Advanced Research Section

3. Staff

Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem ResearchCenter for International Collaborative Research

Professor

Joji Ishizaka

Director • Professor

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Tetsuya Hiyama (✱)

Professor

Tetsuya Hiyama

Associate Professor

Hidenori Aiki

Professor

Masaki Enami ▲(✱)

Associate Professor

Naoyuki Kurita

Professor

Akira Mizuno (✱)

Lecturer

Hatsuki Fujinami

K. D. Leka

Assistant Professor

Yoshihisa Mino

Designated Professor(Cross Appointment)

Lynn Marie Kistler

Researcher

Shun Ohishi

Designated Professor(Cross Appointment)

Researcher

Akiko Mizuno ○Associate Professor

Nozomu Nishitani

Research Institution Researcher

Zhu Yuanli ▲Associate Professor

Naoyuki Kurita (✱)

Research Institution Researcher

Qingyang Song ○Associate Professor

Satonori Nozawa (✱)

JSPS Research Fellowship

Yuki Kanno ○Lecturer

Hatsuki Fujinami (✱)

Designated Assistant Professor

Masafumi Shoji

Designated Assistant Professor

Taro Nakai ▲Divison for Chronological Research
Professor

Masaki Enami ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Sung-Hong Park

Professor

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Researcher

Hironari Kanamori

Associate Professor

Masayo Minami

Foreign Visiting Research Fellow

Associate Professor

Takenori Kato (✱)

Assistant Professor

Hirotaka Oda

Researcher

Fumiko W. Nara

Research Institution Researcher

Masako Yamane

Designated Technical Staff

Masami Nishida

Designated Technical Staff

Yuriko Hibi

Feb. 5 – July 31, 2018

Stephen Michael Playfer

Mar. 15 – June 14, 2018

Zhongping Lee

May 1 – July 31, 2018

Samuel Krucker

July 1 – Sept. 30, 2018

Nasreen Akter

Sept. 6 – Dec. 5, 2018

Daqing Yang

Jan. 15 – May 15, 2019

Vania Koleva Jordanova

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research13

3. Staff

Center for Integrated Data Science

Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations

Director • Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Director • Professor

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Professor

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

Joji Ishizaka (✱)

Designated Professor

Hidetaka Tanaka ○Professor

Kanya Kusano (✱)

Designated Professor

Masataka Murakami

Associate Professor

Fumio Abe

Professor

Joji Ishizaka (✱)

Associate Professor

Takayuki Umeda

Professor

Kazuhisa Tsuboki (✱)

Associate Professor

Takenori Kato

Professor

Masafumi Hirahara (✱)

Associate Professor

Hidenori Aiki (✱)

Associate Professor

Taro Shinoda

Associate Professor

Satoshi Masuda (✱)

Associate Professor

Hidenori Aiki (✱)

Associate Professor

Hirohiko Masunaga (✱)

Designated Associate Professor Kazutaka Yamaoka ○Designated Associate Professor

Tomoaki Hori

Designated Assistant Professor

Hiroyuki Tomita

Lecturer

Shinsuke Imada (✱)

Designated Assistant Professor

Mayumi Yoshioka ○Assistant Professor

Akimasa Ieda (✱)

Researcher

Jung Woonseon ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Satoshi Inoue

Researcher

Yutaka Matsumi ○Designated Assistant Professor

Sachie Kanada

Researcher

Youko Yoshizumi ○Designated Assistant Professor

Yasunori Tsugawa ○▲Designated Technical Staff

Tomoko Tanaka

Designated Assistant Professor

Tzu-Fang Chang ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Mariko Teramoto ▲Designated Assistant Professor

Takuma Matsumoto ▲Researcher

Norio Umemura

Researcher

Masaya Kato

Researcher

Takafumi Kaneko

Researcher

Satoshi Kurita

Researcher

Satoki Tsujino ○▲Researcher

Yoshiki Fukutomi ▲Researcher

Yukie Moroda

Designated Technical Staff

Mariko Kayaba

Designated Technical Staff

Asayo Maeda

Designated Technical Staff

Takahiro Tsukamoto ▲Technical Assistant

Takako Kondo ○Technical Assistant

Hiroyasu Yonaha ○▲JSPS Research Fellowship

Hidetaka Hirata

Visiting Academic Staff/Visiting Faculty Members
Visiting Professor

Yoshiya Kasahara

Visiting Professor

Tomoomi Kumagai

Visiting Professor

Yoshikatsu Kuroda

Visiting Professor

Hiroyuki Shinagawa

Visiting Professor

Kiyoto Shibasaki

Visiting Professor

Kanako Seki

Visiting Professor

Park Hotaek

Visiting Professor

Yoshinobu Harazono

Visiting Associate Professor

Yasunobu Ogawa

Visiting Associate Professor

Ryouhei Kano ▲Visiting Associate Professor

Daiko Shiota

Visiting Associate Professor

Iku Shinohara

Visiting Associate Professor

Manabu Shiraiwa ○▲Visiting Associate Professor

Yasutaka Narusawa

Visiting Associate Professor

Hirohisa Hara ▲Toshio Nakamura

14

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research3. Staff

Technical Center of Nagoya University

Administration Department

Senior Technician

Akiko Ikeda

Senior Technician

Yasusuke Kojima

Senior Technician

Haruya Minda
Tetsuya Kawabata

Manager,
General Affairs Division

Kazuhiko Tsukazaki ▲Technician
Technician

Tomonori Segawa

Senior Specialist,
Research Support Office

Toshiyuki Yokoi ○Technician

Yoshiyuki Hamaguchi

Norishi Sugiyama ▲Technician

Ryuji Fujimori

Specialist,
General Affairs Section

Yasushi Maruyama

Specialist,
General Affairs Section

Keisuke Yokoe ○Technician
Technician

Takayuki Yamasaki

Section Head,General Affairs Section

Seiji Tsuruta

Technician

Yuka Yamamoto

Section Head,General Affairs Section

Kazuhiro Yokoyama ○Assistant Technician

Takumi Adachi

Shoji Asano

Assistant Technician

Moeto Kyushima

Section Head,General Affairs Section
Section Head,
Personnel Affairs Section

Munetika Mizuno ○Section Head,
Research Support Office

Tadayosi Ito

Leader,
General Affairs Section

Yoko Nokura

Administrator

Harumi Morishita ▲Cooperating Research Fellow
Xiuchun Qin

Foreign Visiting Cooperation Researcher

Director,
Administration Department

Sumio Murai ▲General Affairs Division

May 1, 2018 – Mar.31, 2019

Christian Leipe

Administrator

Anna Kato

Aug. 6 – Sept. 29, 2018

Sergii Panasenko

Administrator

Yuka Suzuki

Sept. 1 – Dec. 30, 2018

Qurnia Wulan Sari

Accounting Division

Oct.1 – Oct. 31, 2018

Alexandre Vasilyevich
Koustov

Manager,
Accounting Division

Hiroyuki Ichioka

Oct. 1 – Nov. 30, 2018

Kateryna D. Aksonova

Yoshiyuki Nakano

Oct. 14 – Nov. 19, 2018

Vladimir Borisovich
Belakhovsky

Specialist,
Maintenance Section

Noriaki Hiroi ▲Nov. 19 – Dec. 18, 2018

Michael Jürgen Kosch

Section Head,
Accounting Section

Masashi Shimamura ○Dec. 3, 2018 – Feb. 27, 2019

Sneda Yadav

Section Head,
Accounting Section

Jan. 7 – Mar. 8, 2019

Artem Yu. Gololobov

Section Head,
Supplies Section

Kiyoko Hasegawa

Jan. 15 – Mar. 31, 2019

Navin Parihar

Section Head,
Maintenance Section

Shinichi Nakagawa

Leader,Accounting Section

Youko Yasui

Leader, Supplies Section

Yuka Matsuoka

Administrator

Yuka Ito

Administrator

Kyohei Yamaguchi ▲Designated Supervisor

Tadashi Tsuboi

Toyokawa Branch
Designated Technical Staff

Kayoko Asano

Technical Assistant(Research Support Facilitator)

Yasuo Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

15

4.Committee of Other Organizations

4. Committee of Other Organizations
Committee of Other Organizations
Contact Post

Job Title

Organizations

Name of Committee / Title

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

Journal of Oceanography

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

North Pacific Marine Science Organization Co-Chair of Advisory Panel for a CREAMS/PICES(PICES)
Program in East Asian Marginal Seas

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

North Pacific Marine Science Organization Member of Working Group 35: Third North Pacific(PICES)
Ecosystem Report

Joji Ishizaka

Professor

Northwest Pacific Action Plan (NOWPAP)

Focal Point of Center for Special Monitoring and Coastal
Environmental Assessment Regional Active Center(CEARAC)

Yoshitaka Itow

Professor

IUPAP C4

Committee member

Yoshitaka Itow

Professor

J-PARC Program Advisory Committee

Committee member

Yoshitaka Itow

Professor

Scientific evaluation of the Karlsruhe
Institite of Technology Research field Panel member
MatterYoshitaka Itow

Professor

Telescope Array collaboration

Telescope Array External Advisory committee

Kanya Kusano

Professor

International Astronomical Union (IAU)

Organizing Committee Member of Commission E3 Solar
Impact throughout the Heliosphere

Kanya Kusano

Professor

Solar Physics

Editorial Board member

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)

Chair of the COSPAR Sub-Commission C1 (The Earth’s
Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere)

Kazuo Shiokawa

Professor

Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial Co-chair of the SCOSTEP VarSITI (Variability of the Sun
Physics (SCOSTEP)
and Its Terrestrial Impact)

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

B-factory Programme Advisory Committee

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

Progress of Theoretical and Experimental
EditorPhysics

Hiroyasu Tajima

Professor

The Scientific World Journal

Tetsuya Hiyama

Professor

Integrated Land Ecosystem - Atmosphere
Processes Study (iLEAPS), a core project of Scientific Steering Committee (SSC) member
the Future Earth

Akira Mizuno

Professor

NDACC Steering committee

Japanese Representative

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Annales Geophysicae

Editor16

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Editor-in-Chief

Committee member

Editorial Board member

4. Committee of Other Organizations

Contact Post

Job Title

Organizations

Name of Committee / Title

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)

Vice-chair of the Panel on Radiation Belt Environment
Modeling (PRBEM)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Earth and Planetary Physics

EditorYoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Geophysical Research Letter

Guest Editor

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

National Science Foundation, Geospace
Steering Committee Member
Environment Modeling

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Polar Research

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial
Campaign coordinator of VarSITI/SPeCIMEN
Physics (SCOSTEP)

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Professor

Co-leader of the SCOSTEP VarSITI (Variability of the Sun
Scientific Committee on Solar-Terrestrial and Its Terrestrial Impact)/SPeCIMEN (Specification andPhysics (SCOSTEP)
Prediction of the Coupled Inner-Magnetospheric
Environment)

Michihiro Mochida

Professor

Atmospheric Environment

Member of Editorial Advisery Board

Michihiro Mochida

Professor

Atmospheric Research

Associate Editor

Michihiro Mochida

Professor

International Commission on Atmospheric
Comission member
Chemistry and Global Pollution (iCACGP)

Masataka Murakami

DesignatedProfessor

AMS

Masataka Murakami

DesignatedProfessor

World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Member of Weather Modification Expert Team

Hidenori Aiki

Associate
Professor

American Meteorological Society (AMS)

Associate Editor of Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic
Technology (JAOT)

Yuichi Otsuka

Associate
Professor

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences

EditorNozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Vice Editors-in-Chief

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for the special issue of Global Data Systems for
the Study of Solar-Terrestrial Variability

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for the special issue of Recent Advances in
MST and EISCAT/Ionospheric Studies – Special Issue of
the Joint MST15 and EISCAT18 Meetings, May 2017

Nozomu Nishitani

Associate
Professor

Super Dual Auroral Radar Network

Executive Council

Satonori Nozawa

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest editor for the special issue of the Recent Advances in
MST and EISCAT/Ionospheric Studies – Special Issue of
the Joint MST15 and EISCAT18 Meetings, May 2017

Guest Editor

Chair, Ccommittee on Planned and Inadvertent Weather
Modification

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research174. Committee of Other Organizations

Contact Post

Job Title

Organizations

Name of Committee / Title

Satonori Nozawa

Associate
Professor

EISCAT Scientific Association

Council member

Masahito Nosé

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

EditorMasahito Nosé

Associate
Professor

Earth, Planets and Space (EPS)

Guest Editor for the special issue of “The 13th International
Conference on Substorms”

Masahito Nosé

Associate
Professor

International Association of Geomagnetism
Division V DAT Working Group, Chair
and Aeronomy (IAGA)

Hirohiko Masunaga

Associate
Professor

World Climate Research Programme(WCRP) Global Energy and Water cycle GEWEX Data and Assessments Panel (GDAP) member
Exchanges (GEWEX)

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Lecturer

Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)

Science Organizing Committee

Toshio Nakamura

Visiting
Faculty

Radiocarbon

Member of Editorial Board

18

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research5. Joint Research Programs

5. Joint Research Programs
One of the major functions of ISEE is to promote and conduct collaborative research on Space–Earth Environmental
Science together with researchers from universities and institutes outside ISEE. On January 14, 2016, ISEE was certified
as a core research institution of Space–Earth Environmental Science, which is a “Joint Usage/Research Center” as definedby MEXT of Japan. We prepared application forms for joint research programs focusing on the following two researchissues: the “Study of coupling processes in the solar–terrestrial system using ground-based observation network” andthe “Establishment of an international collaborative research hub to solve research issues in the global (terrestrial)
environment and space applications based on comprehensive studies of the space–Sun–Earth system.” The former
focuses on coupling processes in the solar–terrestrial system and the interactions of neutral and plasma components in the
Earth’s atmosphere by establishing an international ground-based observation network ranging from low- to high- latitude
regions, especially in Asia and Africa. The latter aims to establish an international collaborative research hub forcomprehensive studies of the space–Sun–Earth system, space applications, space weather forecasting, and environmental
problems such as global warming. The following 10 research programs were prepared for the application during the 2018
Japanese fiscal year.
01) Joint Research Program (International)
02) ISEE International Joint Research Program (*)03) ISEE/CICR International Workshop
04) Joint Research Program (General)05) Joint Research Program (Student Encouragement)
06) Joint Research Program (Symposium)07) Joint Research Program (Computing Infrastructure)08) Joint Research Program (Database Management)09) Joint Research Program (Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Analysis)10) Carbon 14 Analysis Service(*) Applicable only to foreign researchers

These collaborative research programs will be executed using the instruments, software/databases, and facilities
of ISEE. Joint research programs 01) to 03), described above, will be managed by the Center for International
Collaborative Research (CICR), and those of 07) and 08) will be managed by the Center for Integrated Data Science(CIDAS) and 09) –10) will be managed by the Division for Chronological Research.
In 2018, the following two events should be noted. First, the first ISEE symposium was held at Nagoya University
during February 25–29, 2019, entitled “Recent progress in heliospheric physics by direct measurements of unexplored
space plasmas”. Distinguished researchers in the fields of heliospheric and cosmic ray physics were invited from allover the world and recent research results were presented in the symposium. Second, the first ISEE Award was awarded
to Professor Hisao Takahashi of INPE, Brazil, for his great contribution to space–earth environmental research throughstudies of ionospheric disturbances in the equatorial region. The award ceremony and memorial lecture were held at
Nagoya University on February 27, 2019.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research195. Joint Research Programs

Lists of Accepted Proposals
 ISEE International Joint Research Program
ProposerAffiliation*

Job title*

Corresponding
ISEE researcher

Title of the research program

Asgari-Targhi, M.

Harvard Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics

Astrophysicist

Fujiki, K.

Comparison of the MHD modeling of solar wind with
IPS observations

Koustov, A.

University of Saskatchewan

Professor

Nishitani, N.

Polar cap auroras and related ionospheric plasma
flows

Zharkova, V.

Northumbria University

Professor of
Mathematics

Kusano, K.

Multi-wavelength diagnostics of energetic particles insolar flares

Institute of ionosphere NAS Head ofand MES of Ukraine
Department

Otsuka, Y.

Artificiallyinducedtravelingionosphericdisturbances inferred from GPS and radar data

Panasenko, S. V.

The study of wave-particle interaction in a near-Earthspace as observed by the ERG satellite and PGIground-based
instruments
Study of the behaviour of the ionosphere over
mid-latitude stations using OI 777.4 and 630.0 nm
emission

Vladimir, B.

Polar GeophysicalInstitute, Murmansk,
RussiaScientific
Researcher

Shiokawa, K.

Parihar, N.

Indian Institute ofGeomagnetism

Reader

Shiokawa, K.

Buranapratheprat, A.

Burapha University,
Faculty of Science

Assistant
Professor

Ishizaka, J.

Detection and modeling of green Noctiluca bloom in
the Gulf of Thailand using satellite ocean color

Nitta, N.

Lockheed Martin
Advanced Technology
CenterSenior Staff
Physicist

Masuda, S.

Origins of Eruptive and Other Solar Flares as
Diagnosed with Energetic Electrons

Kosch, M. J.

South African National
Space Agency

Chief Scientist

Nishitani, N.

New radar method to observe thermospheric neutral
density

Professor

Matsubara, Y.

Development of new and improved front end
electronics for the SciBar Cosmic Ray Telescope

Professor

Masuda, S.

Study of coronal magnetic fields from the joint
observations of MUSER and NoRH

Astrophysicist

Kusano, K.

Data-Driven Simulations of Active Region Eruptions

Valdés Galicia, J. F.

Tan, B.

Savcheva, A.

Instituto de Geofisica,
Universidad Nacional
Autonoma de Mexico
National Astronomical
Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences
Smithsonian-AstrophysicalObservatory* Proposer’s affiliation and job title are as of the proposal submission date.

 ISEE/CICR International Workshop
Job title*

Corresponding
ISEE researcher

Title of the research program

University of Oulu

Professor,
Vice-director of
ReSoLVE

Miyake, F.

Extreme solar events: How hostile can the Sun be?

Cheung, M.

Lockheed Martin Solar &Astrophysics Laboratory

Staff Physicist

Seki, K.

The University of Tokyo

Professor

ProposerAffiliation*

Usoskin, I.

22 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Data-driven models of the solar progenitors of space
weather and space climate
International workshop on relations between solar
evolution and atmospheric escape from terrestrial
Imada, S.
planets* Proposer’s affiliation and job title are as of the proposal submission date.
Kusano, K.

5. Joint Research Programs

List of Collaboration Resources
 Instruments
NameContact Person

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer for Atmospheric Composition Measurement (Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

Optical Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers

K. Shiokawa

ISEE Magnetometer Network

K. Shiokawa

ELF/VLF Network

K. Shiokawa

Sodium LIDAR (Tromsø)

S. Nozawa

MF Radar (Tromsø)

S. Nozawa

Meteor Radar (Alta)

S. Nozawa

Solar Neutron Telescope (Norikura Observatory, Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, the University of Tokyo)

Y. Matsubara

Low-Background Beta-Ray Counter

N. Kurita

Multi-Station IPS Solar Wind Observation System (Toyokawa, Fuji, and Kiso)

M. Tokumaru

Nobeyama Radioheliograph

S. Masuda

Multi-Directional Cosmic Ray Muon Telescope (Nagoya)

F. AbeSuperDARN Hokkaido Pair of (HOP) Radars (Rikubetsu)

N. Nishitani

Upper Air Sounding Systems (two sets)

K. Tsuboki

Polarimetric Radar Systems (two sets)

K. Tsuboki

Ka-Band Polarimetric Radar

K. Tsuboki

Hydrometeor Video Sonde (HYVIS) System

K. Tsuboki

ISEE Riometer Network

K. Shiokawa

Sea Spray Aerosol Optical Particle Counter

H. AikiFive-Wavelength Photometer (Tromsø)

S. Nozawa Software/Databases
NameContact Person

Atmospheric Composition Data by FT-IR Measurements (Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

NO2 and O3 Data by UV/Visible Spectrometer Measurements (Moshiri and Rikubetsu)

T. Nagahama

Coordinated Magnetic Data Along 210° Magnetic Meridian(Moshiri, Rikubetsu, Kagoshima, and Overseas MM Stations)K. Shiokawa

All-Sky Auroral Data (Canada, Alaska, and Siberia)

K. Shiokawa, Y. Miyoshi

Database of the Optical Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers

K. Shiokawa

VHF Radar/GPS Scintillation (Indonesia)

Y. Otsuka

EISCAT Database

S. Nozawa, S. Oyama

ELF/VLF Wave Data

K. Shiokawa

Interplanetary Scintillation Data

M. Tokumaru

Solar Wind Speed Data

M. Tokumaru

Cosmic Ray Intensity Database

F. AbeInstitute for Space–Earth Environmental Research23

5. Joint Research Programs

Name

Contact Person

MHD Simulation on the Magnetospheric Environment

T. Umeda

S-RAMP Database

F. AbeCAWSES Database

F. AbeHinode Science Center, Nagoya University

K. Kusano

ERG Science Center

Y. Miyoshi

QL Plot Archive of Satellite Data for Integrated Studies

Y. Miyoshi

Remei Satellite Observation Database

M. Hirahara

MOA Database

F. AbeSuperDARN Hokkaido Pair of (HOP) Radars Database

N. Nishitani

Numerical Simulation Codes for Plasma Kinetics

T. Umeda

Cloud Resolving Strom Simulator (CReSS)

K. Tsuboki

Satellite Data Simulator Unit (SDSU)

H. Masunaga

ISEE Riometer Network Database

K. Shiokawa

Energy Flux Diagnosis Code for Atmospheric and Oceanic Waves

H. Aiki Facilities
Name
Computer System for Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Research (Supercomputer System)
CHN Analyzer, Isotope Ratio Mass SpectrometerContact Person
F. Abe, T. Umeda
Y. MinoTandetron Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

H. Kitagawa, M. Minami

Electron Probe Microanalyzer (EPMA)

T. KatoIon/Electron Beamline and Calibration Facility

M. Hirahara

Clean Room Facility for Instrument Development

M. Hirahara

Facilities at Moshiri Observatory

A. Mizuno

Facilities at Rikubetsu Observatory

A. Mizuno

Facilities at Kiso Station

M. Tokumaru

Facilities at Fuji Observatory

M. Tokumaru

Facilities at Kagoshima Observatory

K. Shiokawa

CIDAS System

S. Masuda, T. Umeda,
Y. Miyoshi

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF)

T. KatoX-Ray Diffractometer (XRD)

T. Kato22 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research5. Joint Research Programs

ISEE Award
WinnerTitle

Date of Award
Ceremony

Hisao Takahashi
Professor of post-graduate course,
INPE, Brazil

Contribution to Space-Earth Environmental Research throughStudies of Generation and Development of Equatorial
Ionospheric Plasma Bubble

Feb. 27, 2019

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research23

6. Governance

6. Governance
As of Mar 31, 2019

Advisory Board
Mamoru Ishii

Space Environment Laboratory, Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information
and Communications Technology

Takaaki Kajita

Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo

Takeshi Kawano

Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology

Nobuko Saigusa

Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies

Yukari N. Takayabu

Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo

Takuji Nakamura

National Institute of Polar Research, Research Organization of Information and Systems

Tsuneto Nagatomo

Nara University of Education

Toru Hada

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University

Hironobu Hyodo

Research Institute of National Sciences, Okayama University of Science

Masahiro Hoshino

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Kazuhisa Mitsuda

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Tetsuzo Yasunari

Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, National Institutes for the Humanities

Mamoru Yamamoto

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Junichi Watanabe

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Naoshi Sugiyama

Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University

Seiichi Miyazaki

Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University

Yasushi Yamaguchi

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Joji Ishizaka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshitaka Itow

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masaki Enami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Masafumi Hirahara

24

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research6. GovernanceCollaborative Research Committee
Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Akira Kadokura

Polar Environment Data Science Center, Joint Support -Center for Data Science Research, Research
Organization of Information and Systems

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Yoko S. Kokubu

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Akinori Saitou

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Takeshi Sakanoi

Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University

Shoichi Shibata

College of Engineering, Chubu University

Kanako Seki

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Takashi Sekii

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Tsutomu Nagatsuma

Strategic Planning Office, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology

Yoichiro Hanaoka

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Atsushi Higuchi

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Ayako Matsuoka

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Akihiko Morimoto

Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Hidenori Aiki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Taro Shinoda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Tomoo Nagahama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Satoshi Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsubara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masayo Minami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Joji Ishizaka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yuichi Otsuka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tetsuya Hiyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research25

6. Governance

Joint Research Technical Committee
Integrated Studies Technical Committee
Ayumi Asai

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Iku Shinohara

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Kanako Seki

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Takashi Sekii

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Akimasa Yoshikawa

Graduate School of Sciences, Kyushu University

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Satoshi Masuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Heliospheric and Cosmic-Ray Research Technical Committee
Masamitsu Ohyama

Faculty of Education, Shiga University

Chihiro Kato

Faculty of Science, Shinshu University

Shoichi Shibata

College of Engineering, Chubu University

Tomoko Nakagawa

Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku Institute of Technology

Tohru Hada

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University

Yoichiro Hanaoka

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Yoshitaka Itow

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Munetoshi Tokumaru Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University
Yutaka Matsubara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research Technical Committee

26

Takumi Abe

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agenc

Yoshiya Kasahara

Information Media Center, Kanazawa University

Akinori Saito

Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University

Shin Suzuki

Faculty of Regional Policy, Aichi University

Liu Huixin

Faculty of Science, Kyush University

Yuichi Otsuka

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Satonori Nozawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research6. GovernanceMeteorological, Atmospheric and Land-Ocean Ecosystem Research Technical Committee
Yoshizumi Kajii

Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University

Kenshi Takahashi

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Atsushi Higuchi

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Masafumi Hirose

Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Meijo
University

Akihiko Morimoto

Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University

Hidenori Aiki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tomoo Nagahama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hirohiko Masunaga

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Akira Mizuno

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Chronological Research Technical Committee
Yoko S. Kokubu

Tono Geoscience Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency

Wallis Simon

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Motohiro Tsuboi

Department of Applied Chemistry for Environment, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei
Gakuin University

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Hiromi Yamazawa

Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University

Naoto Yamamoto

Graduate School of Letters, Nagoya University

Masaki Enami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masayo Minami

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Fusa Miyake

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Airplane Usage Technical Committee
Seiho Uratsuka

Applied Electromagnetic Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications
Technology

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Makoto Koike

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Akihiko Kondo

Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Taro Shinoda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyasu Tajima

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research27

6. GovernanceSteering Committee of the Center for International Collaborative Research
Yusuke Ebihara

Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University

Takashi Shibata

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Yoichiro Hanaoka

Solar Science Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institute of Natural Science

Hiroyuki Matsuzaki

The University Museum, The University of Tokyo

Kazuo Shiokawa

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Tetsuya Hiyama

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Nozomu Nishitani

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Steering Committee of the Center for Integrated Data Science
Shin-ichiro Shima

Graduate School of Simulation Studies, University of Hyogo

Tohru Hada

Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University

Masahiro Hoshino

Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo

Kazuhisa Mitsuda

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Koshi Yamamoto

Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Nagoya University

Junichi Watanabe

National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences

Kanya Kusano

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Fumio Abe

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Takenori Kato

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Steering Committee of the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Research

28

Riko Oki

Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Kazuyuki Kita

College of Science, Ibaraki University

Masato Nakamura

Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

Hiroyuki Yamada

Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Hiroyasu Tajima

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Masafumi Hirahara

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Yutaka Matsumi

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research7. Finance

7. Finance
External Funding and Industry–Academia–Government Collaborations
Researches of ISEE members as principle investigator were supported by the following external funds.
Kakenhi category

Number of subjects

Total amount (JPY)

Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research

161,880,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas

696,720,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)255,900,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)676,830,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)1251,220,000

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)66,500,000

Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research2

1,430,000

Challenging Research (Exploratory)

4

9,880,000

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A)3

16,900,000

Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)33,900,000

Early-Career Scientists

1

3,380,000

Grant-in-Aid for Publication of Scientific Research Results2

2,600,000

Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellow

34,030,000

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (International Group)1

14,300,000

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint
International Research (B)3

10,010,000

Total

55

415,480,000

・fifty research subjects listed in the table were supported by the JSPS Kakenhi.
・Twenty-nine research subjects received total 144,458,194 JPY from governmental funds except KAKENHI, andfrom other universities and companies. eleven of them were collaborative researches between ISEE and companies,
or national institutes.
・Six research subjects received total 6,359,160 JPY of donation.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research29

7. Finance

Library
 Library, Solar-Terrestrial Sciences(ISEE Libary #1)

 Library, Hydrospheric-Atmospheric
Sciences (ISEE Library #2)

Book

Book

Japanese

2,837Japanese

4,695

Foreign

11,128Foreign

8,892

Journals

Journals

Japanese

46

Japanese

246

Foreign

207

Foreign224

Properties

30

Site (m2)

Bulidings (m2)Location

Higashiyama Campus(Main campus of Nagoya University)

-

9,005

NagoyaToyokawa Campus

158,002

7,189

Toyokawa

Moshiri Observatory

110,534

325

Hokkaido

Rikubetsu Observatory

24,580167

Hokkaido

Kagoshima Observatory

13,449287

Kagoshima

Fuji Observatory

19,926

174

Yamanashi

Sugadaira Station

3,300

0

NaganoKiso Station

6,240

66

NaganoTotal

336,031

17,213

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

8. Research Topics

8. Research Topics
The mission of the ISEE is to understand the mechanisms and interactions of diverse processes occurring in the integrated
space–Sun–Earth system to deal with global environmental problems and to contribute to human society in the space age. To
develop this new research field, four subjects of Interdisciplinary Research are being studied with strong collaborations fromseven Research Divisions (Divisions for Integrated Studies, Cosmic Ray Research, Heliospheric Research, Ionospheric andMagnetospheric Research, Meteorological and Atmospheric Research, Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research, and ChronologicalResearch). The “Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction” aims to develop our understanding and predictive
capabilities of the influences of solar dynamics and atmosphere–ocean activities on the global environment. The “Project for theInteraction of Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres” aims to improve our understanding of the relation between the Earth’s
atmosphere and space using a global observation network of interactions between the upper plasma and middle atmosphere. The“Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research” aims to observe the long-term variability in the solar activity over more thanseveral thousands of years through radioisotopes and to examine the influences of the solar activity on the atmosphere using
observations and models to understand the influence of solar activity on global climate variability. The “Project for Aerosol andCloud Formation” aims to understand the processes that form cloud and precipitation particles from aerosol particles considering
the influence of cosmic rays and the processes of scattering and absorption of radiation by clouds and aerosol particles using
experiments, field observations, and simulations.

ISEE has also organized three Research Centers to contribute to national and international research development of therelevant disciplines in cooperation with the Research Divisions. The Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR)
conducts extensive observations with four domestic observatories (Moshiri, Rikubetsu, Fuji, and Kagoshima) and a global
observation network and enhances collaboration and joint research with domestic and international researchers andinstitutions. The Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS) conducts infrastructure and research development of intensive
studies of the space–Sun–Earth system through the analysis of big data and advanced computer simulations. The Center for
Orbital and Suborbital Observation (COSO) conducts planning and technological development of research using orbital andsuborbital observation vehicles, such as aircraft, balloons, rockets, and satellites, with national and international networks.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research318-1. Research Divisions

Division for Integrated Studies

 Solar flare · CME
 Inner-magnetosphere · Radiation belt Aurora substorm
 Space weather · Space storm
 Space climate · Long-term variations of the Sun Space plasma Computer simulation
 Data assimilation

In the Division for Integrated Studies, we conduct a study aiming at the comprehensive understanding and prediction ofvarious phenomena in the solar-terrestrial system, using advanced computer simulation and data analysis. In particular, we
promote studies leading to the elucidation of various phenomena, such as solar cycle, solar flares, coronal mass ejections(CMEs), geomagnetic storms, and aurora, where the nonlinear interaction and intercoupling reaction between different
systems play an important role. We are leading a nationwide project for the understanding and prediction of solar-terrestrial
environment variability and the various influences of these phenomena on social life based on the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific
Research on Innovative Area from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). We are also
promoting scientific projects of satellite missions (Hinode and ERG satellites) observing the Sun and geo-space in cooperation
with the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, JAXA, and National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. The faculty
members of this division are responsible for the education in Graduate Schools of Science and Engineering at Nagoya
University. The graduate students of both schools and the undergraduate students of the Engineering School cooperate in a
multilateral way and advance the integrated study of the solar-terrestrial environment.

Main Activities in FY2018
Surface velocity estimation for solar cycle prediction
Predicting the next solar cycle is crucial for space weather studies. So far, we have developed the surface flux
transport (SFT) code for predicting the solar cycle activity and improved the accuracy of parameters necessary for SFT
calculation. In this fiscal year, we especially concentrate on obtaining the velocity field, which is a necessary parameterfor this model calculation, through satellite observation. As a result, we found that the flow in the meridional plane in astrong-magnetic-field region is slower than that in a weak-magnetic-field region. This result has already been reported
in Imada & Fujiyama, The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 864, L5, 2018.

Magnetic field characteristics related to the onset condition of solar flares
Coronal magnetic fields are responsible for the onset of solar flares and eruptions. However, the type of magnetic
field parameters that can be used to measure the critical condition for a solar eruption is still unclear. As an effort tounderstand the possible condition for a solar flare, we examined the nondimensional parameter  introduced by Ishiguro
and Kusano (2017), which contains information about magnetic twist distribution and magnetic flux in an active region(AR). We introduced a new parameter *, as a proxy for , and analyzed its evolution during the flaring period of AR
NOAA 11158 using the nonlinear force-free field extrapolated from the photospheric vector magnetic field data. As aresult, we found that * increased to a certain level before two large flares and decreased significantly after their onset.
The results suggest that * can be used as an indicator of the necessary condition for the onset of a solar eruption in AR.

32

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8-1. Research Divisions

Based on this result, we propose a new method to assess the possibility of a large solar eruption from AR by combining
the parameter * and information about the magnetic energy of AR. The result of this study was published in The
Astrophysical Journal by Muhamad, et al. (2018).

MHD simulation of the largest solar flare observed in solar cycle 24
We performed a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation for the X9.3 flare, which is the largest solar flare insolar cycle 24. First, we found that the multiple magnetic flux ropes (MFRs), which are a bundle of twisted field lines,
exit along the polarity inversion line at an early time. Once a part of the MFRs loses stability or equilibrium, a large andcoherent MFR can be formed through a reconnection among the pre-erupting MFRs. The current sheet and post-flare
loops are formed under the erupting MFR. As the simulation showed the rotation of the erupting MFR, we suggest that
this rotation is related to the formation of a southward magnetic field, which exerted much influence on the geospace(Inoue et al., 2018, The Astrophysical Journal, 867, 83)

Mechanism of non-steady Petschek-type reconnection with uniform resistivity
Recent findings on magnetic reconnection in high-Lundquist-number plasmas
have indicated that a Sweet-Parker-type plasmoid chain reconnection can play a rolein affecting fast reconnection. By contrast, it has proven difficult to achieve Petschek
model reconnection in plasmas with uniform resistivity because sustaining it requires
localization of the diffusion region. However, Shibayama et al. (2015) noted that
Petschek-type reconnection can be achieved spontaneously in a dynamical manner
even under uniform resistivity through the so-called “dynamical Petschek
reconnection.” In this new type of reconnection, Petschek-type diffusion regions can(a) Outflow structure (vx), (b) line integral
be formed in connection with plasmoids. In this study, we performed a
convolution plot of the flow, and (c)two-dimensional resistive MHD simulation under uniform resistivity, which was
outflow and reconnected magnetic field
profile along the current sheet. The
undertaken to determine the diffusion region localization mechanism undervertical solid lines correspond to thelocation of the X- and S- points on the
dynamical Petschek reconnection. Through the simulation, we found that thex-axis.
separation of the X-point from the flow stagnation point (S-point) plays a crucialrole in the localization of the diffusion region because the motion of the X-point is restricted by the strong flow emanatingfrom the S-point. This mechanism suggests that dynamical Petschek reconnection is possible even in large systems such as
the solar corona. The result of this study is published in Physics of Plasmas by Shibayama et al. (2019).

New electromagnetic linear dispersion solver for plasma with a drift across magnetic field
A current across the magnetic field is formed in various situations in plasma. The relative drift between ions andelectrons due to the cross-field current becomes a source of various microscopic instabilities. A new fully
electromagnetic and kinetic linear dispersion solver for plasma with a drift across the magnetic field is developed byassuming a uniform background plasma (Umeda and Nakamura, 2018, Physics of Plasmas, 25 (10), 102109).

Auroral substorm onset in satellite-based global images and ground-based all-sky images
The field of view (FOV) of ground-based all-sky images is limited. Thus, it is generally difficult to distinguishwhether an observed substorm was initiated inside or outside FOV. Accordingly, satellite-based global images with awider FOV have been supposed to be the most reliable dataset to identify substorm onsets. Although the sensitivity of

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research338-1. Research Divisions.
satellite images is low, this caveat has not been supposed to have significant impacts because the identified onsets havebeen consistent with Pi2 geomagnetic pulsations. In the present study, we directly compared substorm onset signaturesin global images and all-sky images for the first time. Accordingly, the onsets in global images and Pi2s were delayed
relative to the onset in all-sky images, and in fact, agreed with poleward expansion.

Instantaneous frequency analysis of nonlinear EMIC emissions in the inner magnetosphere:
Arase observation
In the inner magnetosphere, the Arase spacecraft has observed electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) emissions
with both rising and falling frequencies. The instantaneous frequency analyses on the electromagnetic fields of the
EMIC rising tone emission have been performed by the Hilbert-Huang transform. The time variation of theinstantaneous frequency shows a good agreement with the nonlinear theory for the frequency evolutions. Rapid
instantaneous frequency modulation is also found during the rising tone emission. We estimated the peak-to-peak timeof fluctuation in the frequency, and found that it is caused around half of the particle-trapping time. From the motion of
the phase-bunched particle around the resonant velocity, it is expected that the nonlinear resonant current that induces
the falling frequency is formed in half the trapping time (Shoji et al., 2018, GRL).

Inter-channel comparison of the HEP instrument onboard the ERG satellite
A comprehensive inter-channel comparison of the detection efficiency of the high-energy electron experiment(HEP) instrument aboard the ERG satellite was made with in-orbit observation data obtained by the instrument.
Evaluation of relative count ratios between directional channels of HEP revealed that the outermost channels of eachdetector show a nonlinear, varying response as compared to the other channels. Further correlation analyses indicatedthat the nonlinearity of count variation stemmed from a combined effect of the oblique incidence of electrons on thedetectors and electron scattering by an aluminum plate mounted above the detectors.

Mode conversion to generate plasmaspheric EMIC waves
We identified generation of plasmaspheric EMIC waves via the mode conversion from Equatorial Noise that is
X-mode whistler waves at the low altitudes. The existence of M/Q=2 ions are essential for this mode conversion, whichchanges the dispersion relation of the plasma waves. From estimation of cut-off and cross-over frequencies of X-mode
whistlers and EMIC waves, we found that the maximum composition ratio of M/Q=2 ions are ~10% in the low altitudes.

Rapid loss of relativistic electrons by EMIC waves observed by ERG, Van Allen Probes,
and ground stations
There has been increasing evidence for pitch angle scattering of relativistic electrons by EMIC waves. Theoreticalstudies have predicted that the loss time scale of MeV electrons by EMIC waves can be very fast, suggesting that MeV
electron fluxes rapidly decrease in association with EMIC wave activity. We have found a unique event of rapid loss of
MeV electrons in association with EMIC wave activity. During the event, the ERG satellite observed a signature of MeV
electron loss by EMIC waves, and the satellite and ground-based observations constrained the spatial-temporal variationsof the EMIC wave activity during the loss event. The multi-satellite observation of MeV electron fluxes showed that thesefluxes substantially decreased within a few tens of minutes where the EMIC waves were present. The present study
provides an observational estimate of the loss time scale of MeV electrons by EMIC waves.

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8-1. Research Divisions

Simulation study on internal velocity variation in eruptive prominence
Recent observations by SMART/SDDI of Hida Observatory found an increase in velocity dispersion insideprominence prior to eruption (Seki et al., 2017). The precursory phenomenon can be helpful for developing a prediction
scheme for prominence eruptions. To understand the physical mechanism of the phenomenon, we performed
three-dimensional MHD simulations, including radiative cooling and thermal conduction. We modeled an eruptive
prominence with a dynamic interior by combining the prominence formation model (Kaneko and Yokoyama, 2018) andthe flare trigger model (Kusano et al., 2012). Our simulation quantitatively reproduced the observed increase in velocity
dispersion. We found that the growth of upflows driven by magnetic forces sustaining prominence leads to an increasein velocity dispersion. We propose that plasma flows inside prominence locally enhance the current density, facilitating
MHD instability (Kaneko and Yokoyama, 2018, The Astrophysical Journal, 869, 136).

Numerical studies on solar sunspot cycle
We studied the solar sunspot cycle using numerical simulations. In recent years, the SFT model has been used forpredicting the solar sunspot cycle. A large assumption in the SFT model is that the large-scale magnetic field is nearlyvertical (or radial) on the solar surface. We carried out direct MHD simulations to test the validity of this assumption by
estimating the transport parameters through the thermal convection in the Sun. The numerical results showed the
supporting evidence of the SFT model. We also studied the effect of asymmetry in the spatial size of the sunspot pair onpolar field formation. Although the existence of this asymmetry has been a well-known feature of sunspot, very few
studies have focused on its role in polar field formation or the sunspot activity cycle. We found that the asymmetry inthe size of sunspots efficiently prevents polar field formation.

First soft X-ray imaging spectroscopy of the Sun with FOXSI-3 sounding rocket
On September 8, 2018, in JST (September 7 in local time), the third flight of the
Focusing Optics Solar X-ray Imager (FOXSI-3) sounding rocket experiment was
successfully performed from White Sands, New Mexico, USA. FOXSI is aninternational experiment for high-sensitivity X-ray observation of the Sun using X-ray
focusing optics, and the Japanese team provides focal plane detectors. FOXSI-3
successfully observed the Sun for 6 min, as planned, during the ~15 min flight. One of
the FOXSI-3 detectors is a high-speed X-ray CMOS camera developed by Ishikawa at
ISEE, and the first ever soft X-ray imaging spectroscopy of the Sun in the 0.5–5 keVenergy range was successfully performed with the new detector. The obtained data are
qualitatively new as compared to those obtained by past instruments, and enable us toinvestigate the physical properties of coronal plasma.

Soft X-ray image of the Sun obtainedwith FOXSI-3. We can create an
X-ray spectrum at any point in theimage.

International collaborative research between Nobeyama Radioheliograph and Chinese newsolar radio telescope
We began international collaborative research in the earnest between Nobeyama Radioheliograph and the Chinese
new solar radio telescope (MUSER). Researchers from Japan and China visited each other's partner country and learned
the details of the instrument and data analysis method. At first, we began analyzing data of a solar flare that were
simultaneously observed with these two telescopes. We are also discussing a plan to prepare MUSER’s data analysis
environment in ISEE.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research358-1. Research Divisions

Division for Cosmic-Ray Research Acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays
– Cosmic gamma-ray observations– Solar neutron observations
 Cosmic-ray interactions with the Earth’s atmosphere– Hadron interactions of very-high-energy cosmic rays
– Past solar activities probed by cosmogenic nuclides
 Particle astrophysics and non-accelerator physics– Dark matter and neutrino physics
 Wide-field transient survey by an optical telescope

Cosmic rays (CRs), which are mostly protons with small amounts of charged particles, such as electrons or nuclei,
and neutral particles, such as gamma rays or neutrinos, are produced in space and propagate through interstellar andinterplanetary magnetic fields before reaching the Earth. The Division for Cosmic-Ray Research performs cosmic
gamma-ray observations using the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi satellite) and the Cherenkov Telescope
Array (CTA), as well as high-altitude solar neutron observations, to reveal the CR acceleration mechanisms as common
space plasma phenomena.
CRs also provide hints for ultra-high energy phenomena and unknown particles that cannot be explored in alaboratory. We conducted the Large Hadron Collider forward (LHCf) and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider forward(RHICf) experiments to study the hadronic interactions of ultra-high energy CRs using accelerators such as LHC or RHIC.
This division also conducts neutrino physics research with the Super-Kamiokande experiment and promotes theHyper-Kamiokande project as a future prospect. The group intensively works for direct dark matter searches in the
XMASS liquid xenon experiment at the Kamioka Observatory and has recently started a new commitment to the
XENONnT experiment in LNGS in Italy.
CRs deeply penetrate the atmosphere, producing ionization and cosmogenic nuclides. Our division studies past solar
activities and sudden changes in CR flux that are recorded in the carbon-14 (14C) fractions of ancient tree rings and othercosmogenic nuclides from Antarctic ice cores.
In addition, this division conducts the MOA experiment with a dedicated 1.8-m wide-field optical telescope at Mt.
John University Observatory in Tekapo, New Zealand. It conducts surveys of gravitational microlensing due to massive
astrophysical compact halo objects (MACHOs) or exoplanets and optical follow-up observations of gamma-ray bursts,
super-nova neutrino detections, and gravitational wave events.

Main Activities in FY2018
Search for dark matter and research on the origin of cosmic rays with gamma-ray
observations
Cosmic gamma rays are expected to be produced through interactions of dark matter, CRs, and the interstellar
medium. It makes gamma rays good probes to search for dark matter and to investigate the properties and distributionsof CRs and the interstellar medium.
We have been developing an image restoration technique for Fermi gamma-ray data. We improved this techniqueto account for the Galactic diffuse gamma-ray background. This enables image analysis of faint gamma-ray sources in
the presence of the diffuse gamma-ray background. By applying this technique in the Galactic center region, we foundpossible new gamma-ray sources that have not been previously detected. This is a step forward for better understanding

36

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8-1. Research Divisionsof backgrounds for dark-matter search in this region. We also
applied this technique to image the supernova remnant, RX
J1713.7–3946. We have found an image slightly different fromthat obtained by higher-energy gamma rays. These results arepresented in the Fermi symposium 2019.
We are developing the next-generation gamma-ray
observatory, the CTA, to observe gamma rays at higher energies
than the Fermi satellite. We are in charge of the development ofsilicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for the Gamma-ray Cherenkov
Telescope, which is a CTA telescope. We systematicallycharacterized SiPMs with different geometries and finalized thespecifications based on the measurement results. We also
developed calibration procedures for gain characterization andstabilization against temperature excursions.
In addition, we started studying the feasibility of replacing
Group photo at the inauguration of the SCT prototype on Jan.
17, 2019. (Image credit: Deivid Ribeiro, Columbia University)
the photomultipliers (PMTs) with SiPMs for the medium-sized
telescopes (MSTs) of the CTA. Originally, the PMT was selected as it was less expensive for covering the area required for the
MST camera. As the SiPM cost became comparable to the PMT cost, the SiPM became an attractive alternative because it canoperate under the moonlight, which can double the observation time of the MST. The simulation study that takes into accountthe wavelength dependence of the photon detection efficiencies of SiPMs and PMTs indicates that the overall efficiencies for
Cherenkov photons are very similar between them. We are now verifying the properties (mainly angular and spectral
dependence) of the SiPM and PMT to adjust the simulation.
We also contributed to the development of signal processing electronics for the Schwarzschild-Couder telescopes(SCTs) and light concentrators for photosensors of the large-sized telescopes (LSTs). Prototypes of the SCT and the LST
were constructed and succeeded in taking Cherenkov images of air showers produced by interactions of cosmic rays.

Acceleration mechanism of solar energetic particles
The study of the acceleration mechanism of solar energetic particles is expected to provide key information forunderstanding the origin of CRs. To understand particle acceleration at the Sun, it is necessary to know the moment andduration of particle acceleration at the solar surface. Solar neutrons produced at the solar surface through the interactionof accelerated ions with the solar atmosphere are studied at ISEE. Neutrons are not reflected by the interplanetary
magnetic field, and are thought to be preferable over accelerated particles themselves for studying the acceleration
mechanism of solar energetic particles. The emission timing of neutrons can be determined from the neutron energies.
ISEE has developed a worldwide network of solar neutron telescopes to detect solar neutrons (>100 MeV) over anentire day. Following the ceasing of the operation at Gornergrat in Switzerland in fiscal year (FY) 2017, the operation at
Mauna Kea in Hawaii also ceased in FY2018.
Besides this network, a new solar neutron telescope was installed in Sierra Negra, Mexico (97°W, 4600 m), in
2013. The new detector was previously used for accelerator experiments, and uses 15,000 scintillator bars to measureparticle tracks, providing much higher energy resolution and better particle discrimination than previous solar neutrontelescopes. The new telescope was built with the support of Kyoto University, High Energy Accelerator Research
Organization (KEK), and the National Autonomous University of Mexico, and the experiment was called the SciBar
Cosmic Ray Telescope (SciCRT). Our Monte Carlo simulation study predicted that the power-law index of thesolar-neutron energy spectrum can be determined to an accuracy of 0:1 if we know the duration of neutron production at

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research378-1. Research Divisions.
the solar surface. Moreover, if an ambiguity of up to 1:0 of the power-law index is permitted, it is possible todiscriminate between an instant emission and a continuous emission of longer than 5 min.
The activity of solar cycle 24 reached a maximum in February 2014 and has since decreased. No solar-neutron eventswere detected in FY2018. Significantly, two large solar flares occurred in September 2017, and their soft X-ray fluxes
measured by the GOES satellite were the two highest values in solar cycle 24. Unfortunately, solar neutrons were notrecorded in these flares, but we obtained four sigma excess of neutrons by SciCRT associated with a smaller solar flare,
which occurred between these two large flares. Detailed analyses using information on particle tracks are underway.
This study was performed in collaboration with Chubu University, Shinshu University, the National Astronomical
Observatory of Japan, RIKEN, the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) of the University of Tokyo, Institute ofSpace and Astronautical Science/Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA), the Japan Atomic Energy Agency(JAEA), the National Defense Academy, the Aichi Institute of Technology, and many other institutions around the world.

Cosmic-ray interaction-focused accelerator experimentHadronic interactions of cosmic rays play many important roles from the aspect of astroparticle physics. They interact withinterstellar matter and produce cosmic gamma rays or neutrinos, through which multi-messenger particles, various cosmic ray
physics, and astrophysics are studied. In addition, high-energy cosmic rays repeat interactions in the atmosphere and areobserved as particle clusters called “air showers” at the ground. To extract information of cosmic rays from “air showers,”
implication based on the correct knowledge of hadronic interactions is needed. They can be studied by various
accelerator-based experiments. For example, hadron collider machines, such as the LHC at CERN or RHIC at Brookhaven
National Laboratory (BNL), provide an opportunity to study hadronic interactions equivalent to cosmic rays of 1014 to 1017 eV.
In FY2018, we continued data analysis of the RHICf experiment obtained in 2017 run for the polarized proton−proton
collisions at 510 GeV. We first reported transverse asymmetry in the very forward productions of neutral pions, which wasa totally unexpected new phenomenon. We continued ATLAS-LHCf-combined analysis of proton−proton collision data at√s=13 TeV collected in 2015 at LHC and reported a detailed analysis of diffraction processes and its effect on air shower
development. We also started discussion on the future data-taking plan of LHCf at LHC-RUN3 foreseen at 2021,
especially from the aspect of the first combined data-taking of LHCf with ATLAS Roman-pot detectors.

Cosmic neutrinos and dark matterA neutrino is a neutral elementary particle with an infinitesimal mass, which is scattered only through the weakinteraction. The strong penetrating power of neutrinos means that information from the center of celestial bodies, such as
the Sun and Earth, can be determined. In addition, neutrino oscillation occurs because of the quantum-state mixing
between the three neutrino flavors. By observing this oscillation, we can explore unknown properties of neutrinos, such as
their masses and mixing, and hidden information such as the material density of celestial bodies. Besides neutrinos, there
are thought to be particle dark matter (weakly interacting massive particles, WIMPs) in the universe. Many experimental
efforts elsewhere need to be conducted to detect its evidence for the first time.
In FY2018, we worked inside the Super-K tank after 13 years since the last access to the tank. Bad photomultipliers
were replaced and the entire tank structure was cleaned up to prepare for the Gd-loading work foreseen for the next year.
Since January 2019, Super-K has been filled up with pure water and resumed data-taking. As for the development ofSuper-K analysis, we continue development of the muon neutrino/muon anti-neutrino separation technique with the use of
decay electrons from muon decays and neutron emission from neutrino interactions. We have been promoting anext-generation ultra-large water Cherenkov detector, Hyper-Kamiokande, with fiducial volume 8 times greater than thatof Super-Kamiokande. A substantial effort for organization of the project has been continuously made as a member of the38

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8-1. Research Divisions

international Steering Committee.
We have conducted the XMASS experiment for direct WIMP searching using an ultra-low background liquid-xenon
detector. The experiment has completed data-taking in January 2018 and now all the xenon has been collected. As a next step,
we join the world’s largest liquid xenon dark matter search experiment XENONnT from December 2017. We have started
contribution to the development of a neutron veto detector by using the Ga-loading water Cherenkov technique and a liquid
xenon purity monitor. In addition, we have developed a liquid-xenon single-phase TPC. We successfully observed the first S2
signal for the 13.9 keV line, which is the lowest energy ever reported for the single-phase detector. We also successfully
achieved electron-recoil/nuclear-recoil separation using the S1/S2 ratio for the first time for the single-phase liquid xenon TPC.

Historic cosmic-ray intensity variation with cosmogenic radioisotopes
Cosmic rays falling on the Earth interact with the atmosphere and produce various secondary particles. Among them,long-lived cosmogenic nuclides, such as 14C and 10Be, are used as excellent proxies for cosmic-ray intensities in the past.
We measured 14C concentrations in tree rings and 10Be concentrations in ice cores to investigate past cosmic-ray variations.
In particular, we aim to clarify the frequency of extreme solar proton events, which would cause sudden and large
increases in cosmic-ray flux to the Earth.
We discovered the annual cosmic-ray increase events in AD 775 and 994 from 14C analyses of Japanese tree rings.
The discovery of these events led to the accumulation of annual 14C data during extended measurement periods asbackground to further event surveys. In this year, we have taken almost all continuous annual 14C data for the past 3000
years. During this period, it has become apparent that there are at least three sharp increases in 14C concentrations. In
addition, we detected a sharp rise in 14C concentrations around 800 BC and discussed the cause, as a collaboration researchwith the University of Arizona group. In addition, we elucidated the details of 14C variations of the 775 and 994 events byusing worldwide tree samples (COSMIC project; Büntgen et al. 2018). We clarified the regional differences of 14C
variations, event start dates, and 14C production rates to explain 14C variations of the two events with high accuracy. The
obtained worldwide data showed a latitude dependence on 14C concentrations, which suggests that the original particles arecharged particles affected by the geomagnetic field, thus supporting the solar proton origin. To investigate the cause of the
994 event, we measured quasi-annual 10Be concentrations in the Antarctic Dome Fuji ice core and showed that the detected
10
Be increment is consistent with the peaks found in the Greenland ice cores. Almost the same amount of 10Be increases inboth hemispheres suggests the charged particle origin for the 994 event.

Cloud-formation experiment irradiated by heavy nuclei beams
As a conjecture for explaining the possible correlation between the Schwabe cycle of the Sun and the Earth climate, there
has been discussion for possible cloud formation enhanced by galactic cosmic rays. We conducted an experiment using a small
reaction chamber filled with air irradiated by ion beams such as protons, nitrogen, and xenon nuclei at the HIMAC accelerator in
the National Institute of Radiological Science, Chiba, Japan. We analyzed the obtained data in detail to investigate the correlation
between nuclear creation rates and ionization density (dE/dx). We found the nuclear creation rate simply scaled by the total
dose to be irrelevant to the difference in the beams, i.e., ionization density. We are now summarizing an article to report it.

Wide-field optical surveys for gravitational microlensing and gravitational sources
In 2018, we detected 413 microlensing events and issued real-time alerts to follow-up groups. Several candidates ofextrasolar planets have been found, and their analyses are in progress. The new gravitational wave observation period O3
will start in March 2019. Preparation for next gravitational observation is in progress.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research398-1. Research Divisions

Division for Heliospheric Research Solar wind Coronal mass ejection
 Interplanetary scintillation
 Global heliospheric structure Space weather forecast Radio astronomy
 Development of telescopes and instruments
 Pulsar

A supersonic (with a speed of 300–800 km/s) plasma flow, known as the solar wind, emanates from the Sun andpermanently engulfs the Earth. While the magnetic field of the Earth acts as a barrier to protect the atmosphere from a
direct interaction with the solar wind, a considerable fraction of its vast energy enters the near-surface layer via various
processes. Thus, the solar wind acts as a carrier to transfer the Sun’s energy to the Earth.
The solar wind varies dramatically with solar activity. In association with eruptive phenomena on the Sun’s surface,a high-speed stream of the solar wind sometimes arrives at the Earth and generates intense disturbances in geospace andthe upper atmosphere. Space environment conditions that significantly change with the solar activity are known as“space weather,” and are currently a topic of significant interest. An accurate understanding of the solar wind is needed
to make reliable predictions of space weather disturbances.
We have observed solar wind velocity and density irregularities for several decades using three large antennas toinvestigate unsolved important issues such as acceleration and propagation mechanisms of the solar wind, space
weather forecasting, global structure of the heliosphere, and its variation. In addition, laboratory and fieldwork
experiments are performed for improving data quality and upgrading the instruments.

Main Activities in FY2018
Solar wind observations using the IPS system
We have been performing remote-sensing observations of the solar wind since the 1980s using the multi-station
Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) system. Tomographic analysis of IPS observations enables accurate determination of
the global distribution of the solar wind speed and density fluctuations. IPS observations provide valuable information,
particularly for high-latitude solar wind, where in situ observations are currently unavailable. The IPS system currently
consists of three large antennas at Toyokawa, Fuji, and Kiso. The Toyokawa antenna (called the Solar Wind Imaging
Facility Telescope, SWIFT) has the largest aperture and highest sensitivity among our three antennas and started daily
observations in 2008. The Fuji and Kiso antennas were upgraded in 2013–2014 by installing new low-noise amplifiers(LNAs), which led to a great improvement in their sensitivity. These two antennas are located in mountainous areas andare not used for observations during winter due to heavy snowfall. Solar wind density fluctuations were derived from
IPS observations at Toyokawa and measured throughout the year. The IPS data were made available to the public in realtime via an ftp server, and were used for various international collaborations, as described below. In this FY, IPS
observations were interrupted as the Fuji antenna was seriously damaged by two big typhoons that occurred in
September. The designation of the radio astronomical facility for the ISEE IPS system expired in December. We
submitted its renewal application to the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, and obtained its extension for
10 years (up to 2028 December).

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International collaboration for space weather forecast
We performed collaborative research with Dr. B. V. Jackson and his colleagues at the University of California, San
Diego (UCSD), on 3D reconstruction of the time-varying heliosphere using tomographic analysis of IPS observations
over a long period. The time-dependent tomography program was developed through this collaborative research, andthis program is now available on the web server of the NASA Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC), andis running in real time at the Korean Space Weather Center (KSWC) to predict the solar wind at the Earth. The ISEE
signed an agreement on research exchange and cooperation with KSWC in 2012 and renewed this in 2016. In this FY,
we presented an invited talk on IPS observations of ISEE in the 8th Space Weather Conference (at Seoul, Korea)
organized by KSWC. Three persons involved in KSWC visited ISEE in December and discussed with us the analysis
method of IPS observations.

World-wide IPS Stations (WIPSS) ProjectWith the growing awareness of the utility of IPS observations for space weather forecasting, an increasing number of
IPS observations has been conducted globally. Besides Japan, Russia, and India, where IPS observations have been
conducted for a long time, new dedicated antennas for IPS observations have been constructed in Mexico and Korea and
IPS observations using low-frequency large radio array systems, such as the low-frequency array (LoFAR) and the
Murchison widefield array (MWA), have been conducted on a campaign basis. A construction project of a large-apertureantenna dedicated for IPS observations is in progress in China. An integrated analysis using IPS data from these stations
enables higher-resolution 3D reconstructions of the solar wind rapidly varying with solar activity. Establishment of WIPSS
was proposed at the IPS workshop held at Morelia, Mexico, in 2015. In this FY, we joined the IPS workshop held at
Tongliao, China, in October. We also joined the MWA project meeting held at Nagoya University in December to present
an invited talk on our IPS studies and discussed collaborations with Dr. John Morgan from the MWA project after thatmeeting. A party from the Chinese IPS group (four persons including Dr. Yihua Yan) visited ISEE in January and held adiscussion on IPS observations and a field trip to the Toyokawa IPS antenna.

Coordinated observations of interplanetary disturbances in Japan and Russia
Traveling interplanetary disturbances associated with the halo coronal mass ejection (CME) events on September 4
and 6, 2017, were clearly detected in IPS observations at ISEE, Japan, and PRAO, Russia. The disturbances detected by
IPS are ascribed to high-density plasmas associated with the shocks driven by those CMEs. As two observation stations
are located at widely separated longitudes, a combined analysis of these IPS data enables high cadence tracking of theshock propagation. In this study, we derived g-values fromPRAO IPS observations to compare with those derived
from ISEE IPS observations. The g-value represents
relative variation of solar wind density fluctuations along
the line of sight (LOS), which becomes greater than 1
when a dense plasma intersects the LOS. We extracted datawith g > 1.5 from ISEE and PRAO g-values and plotted
the locations (distances from the Sun) of the LOS as afunction of time to investigate the propagation process ofthe shocks driven by two halo CMEs between the Sun and
Propagation profile of the shock derived from IPS observations in Japanthe Earth orbit. The shock speeds inferred from the(Toyokawa, TYKW) and Russia (Pushchino, PSCN) for the September 6,
time-distance plots were much faster than those inferred
2017, halo CME event.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research418-1. Research Divisions.
from the arrival time of the shocks at the Earth, which suggested that CMEs launched from the corona with a fast initial
speed were rapidly decelerated in the interplanetary space. The IPS data also revealed the longitude dependence of theshock speed. IP disturbances propagating with a speed slower than the shock speed arriving at the Earth were observed
for the September 9 CME event. No significant difference in the propagation speed was found between the east andwest of these slow disturbances, suggesting that the disturbances expanded isotropically. While the origin of the slow
disturbances remains an unsettled question, they may be ascribed to a wing portion of the shock.

Relationship between solar polar brightening and solar wind velocity
Solar polar brightening (PB) is an excess of brightness temperature (Tb) from a quiet disk level in the polar region,
which is observed at frequencies between microwave and millimetric wavelengths. In this study, we compared thelong-term variation (1992–2017) in PB observed with the Nobeyama Radioheliograph and polar V observed withinterplanetary scintillation observations at the Institute for Space–EarthEnvironmental Research. By comparing V and Tb, we found goodcorrelation coefficients (CCs) in the polar regions, CC = 0.91 (0.83) for
the northern (southern) polar region. We derived an empirical formula of
the V–Tb relationship as V = 12.6(Tb–10,667)(1/2)+432, and then, analyzed
the long-term variation of the PB and its relation with the area of the polar
coronal hole (A). As a result, we found that the PB matches theprobability distribution of the predicted coronal hole and that the CC
between Tb and A is remarkably high (CC = 0.97). This result indicatesthat the PB is strongly coupled to the size of the polar coronal hole.
Therefore, a reasonable correlation of V–Tb is explained by V–A. In
addition, by considering the anti-correlation between A and f found in aprevious study, we suggest that the V–Tb relationship is another
Relationships between V and Tb. Circle and diamond
represent the data for north and south polar regions,expression of the Wang–Sheeley relationship in polar regions.
respectively. Error bar represents one-sigma level.

Comparison of cylindrical interplanetary flux rope model fittings with different boundary
pitch angle treatments
Interplanetary flux ropes (IFRs) are magnetic structures expelledfrom the Sun into interplanetary space. The magnetic field structure of an
IFR comprises helical field lines around its axis. One of the most widelyused methods for estimating this structure is the fitting of the Lundquist
model. We evaluated two Lundquist model fitting methods by applying
them to the magnetic obstacle events observed with the Wind and
STEREO spacecraft and by comparing the results. In one method, thepitch angle of the magnetic field at the IFR boundary with respect to theaxial direction is assumed to be 90, and in the other method, thisrestriction is relaxed, and the pitch angle is handled as a free parameter αp(hereinafter conventional and generalized methods, respectively). We
found that the axis direction and magnetic flux of the IFR weresignificantly different. We also found that the statistical distribution of αp,
which was estimated using the generalized method, implies that a highly

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Histograms of pitch angle, αp, as determined by thegeneralized method.

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twisted magnetic field line surrounds the IFR surface for most of the events. These results prove that it is better to use
the generalized method than the conventional method for solving the axis direction, magnetic flux, or pitch angle of theflux rope, which would lead to a more accurate derivation of the IFR properties.

Estimation of solar coronal density using the Crab pulsar
In recent years, a decrease in solar wind density due to declining solar activity has been highlighted from IPS andspacecraft observations. The coronal observations, which provide the source of the solar wind, are important forinvestigating the solar activity. One method for estimating the coronal density is to observe the dispersion measure(DM) of radio pulses radiated by a pulsar. DM is a parameter that represents the frequency dispersion observed in thepulsar signal, as well as the integrated electron density along the LOS. By taking the difference between the DMs whenthe LOS of the pulsar is located close to and far from the Sun, the (integrated) coronal density can be determined. We
investigated the coronal density using the DM of the Crab pulsar. The LOS of the Crab approaches the Sun in mid-June,
to as close as five solar radii over the South Pole.
The Crab also emits exceptionally bright pulses,
called giant pulses, which enable rapid DM
estimation. The coronal density obtained from ourobservation was roughly in agreement with thevalue seen in the past at the solar activity minimum,
which is the current solar activity. However, theerror of the obtained value was large and no
significant change from the value obtained in thepast solar activity cycle could be confirmed. We
will continue this observation for a higher accuracy
Daily variations of DMs from the Crab pulsar observed by ISEE (-) andof coronal density estimation.
Jodrell Bank observatory (X).

Coronal mass ejection arrival time forecasting system using IPS observations
CMEs cause disturbances in Earth’s environment when they arrive at the Earth. However, the prediction of thearrival of CMEs remains a challenge. We developed an IPS estimation system based on a global magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) simulation of the inner heliosphere to predict the arrival time of CMEs, through a collaboration study with
NICT, which has a Japanese space weather forecasting center. In this system, the initial speed of the CME is roughly
derived from white-light coronagraph observations. Then, its propagation is calculated by a global MHD simulation.
The IPS response is estimated by the three-dimensional density distribution of the inner heliosphere derived from the
MHD simulation. The simulated IPS response is compared with the actual IPS observations performed by ISEE, and agood agreement is shown between them. We demonstrated how the simulation system works using a halo CME event
generated by an X9.3 flare observed on September 5, 2017. We found that the CME simulation that best estimates the
IPS observation can more accurately predict the time of arrival of the CME at the Earth. These results suggest that theaccuracy of the CME arrival time can be improved if our current MHD simulations include IPS data. This system has
been included in the real-time forecasting system in NICT.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research438-1. Research Divisions

Division for Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Research Energy transfer from the solar wind to themagnetosphere and ionosphere Magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupledsystem Ground-based and network observation
 Space and planetary exploration

The plasma and energy carried by the solar wind to the Earth and other planets exert physical effects on themagnetosphere and ionosphere, known as the geospace. We study these effects and associated phenomena withinternational cooperation, primarily, through various observational approaches using ground-based instruments; forexample, European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) radars, high-frequency (HF)/very high frequency (VHF) radars, Global
Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, high-sensitivity passive/active optical instruments, magnetometers, andinstruments onboard satellites/spacecraft, which are developed in our division. We also lead the way to future space
exploration missions based on our expertise.

Main Activities in FY2018
PWING Project: Measurements of aurora and electromagnetic waves at subauroral latitudes
The PWING project operates aurora/airglow imagers and electromagnetic wave receivers at eight stations in
Canada, Russia, Alaska, Finland, and Iceland around the North Pole at magnetic latitudes of about 60° to investigate thedynamics of plasma and waves in the inner magnetosphere. Various new results were obtained in FY2018. Using thislongitudinal network, we found that the Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations (electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves) occur
simultaneously over 13-h local times (~200°longitudes) at the arrival of the corotation interaction region (CIR) of thesolar wind. We also found using simultaneous measurements by the Arase and Van Allen Probe satellites, that this wave
contributes to a rapid loss of radiation belt electrons after the start of a CIR-associated storm.

Upper atmosphere using optical imaging
instruments
To investigate the dynamics of the mesosphere,
thermosphere, and ionosphere, we routinely operate Optical
Mesosphere Thermosphere Imagers (OMTIs), which comprise
five sky-scanning Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs), all-sky
charge-coupled device (CCD) imagers, three tilting
photometers, and three airglow temperature photometers.
Various new results were obtained in FY2018. As an example,
we conducted simultaneous measurements of nighttime
medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs)
and the sporadic E layer, as well as thermospheric neutral wind,

44 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

The values of foEs and fbEs, which indicates intensity of thesporadic E layer, for the nights with MSTIDs (left, 4 events) andwithout MSTIDs (right, 5 events). The values of foEs are clearlystronger for the nights with MSTIDs.

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using OMTIs and ionosondes at northern and southern hemispheres in Japan and Australia, respectively. We
successfully showed that the sporadic E layer contributes significantly to the generation of nighttime MSTIDs together
with Perkins instability in the ionospheric F layer.

Temporal and spatial variations of the plasmasphere and ionosphere using GNSS receiver
network
To clarify the characteristics of temporal and spatial variations of theplasmasphere and ionosphere during the development and decay ofgeomagnetic storms, as well as their physical mechanism, we collected the
GNSS data obtained from dense regional GNSS networks extended globallyand developed a database of long-term total electron content (TEC)
observations, and an analysis tool. The analysis results with these analysis
environments showed that an enhanced TEC region appears in thehigh-latitude regions from noon to afternoon within an hour after the onset ofthe main phase of geomagnetic storms. The enhanced TEC region expands tolower latitudes as geomagnetic storms develop. This observational factsuggests that the generation mechanism of the storm-time-enhanced TEC
region is different from that of Storm Enhanced Density (SED) proposed
previously. We also found that TEC perturbations caused by daytime MSTIDs
decrease in case of sudden stratospheric warming. This result suggests thatdaytime MSTIDs can be caused by secondary gravity waves generated by thedissipation of the primary gravity waves in the stratosphere and mesosphere,
where the zonal wind is intense.

Global TEC map in the northern hemisphere ingeomagnetic coordinates.

SuperDARN Hokkaido HF Radars
Using the SuperDARN Hokkaido HF East and West radars
at Rikubetsu, Hokkaido, we studied the statisticalcharacteristics of Sub-Auroral Polarization Streams (SAPS) andthe relationship with ionospheric conductivity determined by
the solar zenith angle and geomagnetic activity. We also
completed writing a comprehensive review paper on the
mid-latitude SuperDARN, which was published in Earth andPlanetary Science.

Schematic of natural phenomena that can be studied by SuperDARN
radars (from mid-latitude SuperDARN review paper).

Investigation of FACTORS as the next-generation space exploration mission for the space–
Earth coupling system
Toward the next-generation space exploration mission, FACTORS, for the space–Earth coupling system after the
ERG (Arase) satellite mission led and realized by our institute for the terrestrial radiation belt exploration, weinvestigated the science subjects, the observational objectives and techniques, and the engineering subjects on theformation flight, the cluster launch method, and the operation of multiple satellites. Through these research activities,
the formal working group for FACTORS has been approved and established in ISAS/JAXA.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research458-1. Research Divisions.
Innovative design of double-shell-type energy analyzer as a next-generation technicaldevelopment for in situ observations of space plasmas
For the miniaturization and mass reduction of the space plasma energy analyzer, we have been developing adouble-shell-type energy analyzer that enables simultaneous measurements of ions and electrons with one sensor head.
We designed the shapes of the collimator and the double dome-shaped electrodes so that the electrons and ions withtargeted energies could be detected, and conducted numerical simulations to investigate the performance andcharacteristics of the analyzer. We confirmed that the electrons and ions can be analyzed with the same sensor head by
only applying a negative high voltage to the electrodes.

Development of the monitoring system for the beamline calibration systems for particle
analyzers in future space exploration missions
In the development of the new particle analyzers for the future terrestrial upper atmosphere explorations, we needto perform calibration tests of the analyzers using indoor beamline calibration systems. In doing so, we are developing amonitoring system for the beamline calibration systems. In this monitoring system, 2D cross-sectional distribution andenergy-angle distribution of the ion beam used for the calibration of the particle analyzers can be measured. We
performed performance tests of the beamline monitoring system using the beamline owned by our laboratory andacquired a 2D cross-sectional distribution profile and an energy-angle distribution profile.

International collaboration to study impacts of the EPP on atmospheric minor components
Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) can modify the density of atmospheric minor components such as NOx andO3, which affect the atmospheric temperature and dynamical field through chemical reactions. We organized aninternational collaborative team to study this topic, and analyzed data from ground-based instruments such as the
EISCAT radar and optical cameras and instruments onboard satellites. For estimating the 2D map of EEP from theoptical measurements, we analyzed data from the EISCAT radar and the collocated spectrograph. Then we concluded
that the emission line at 844.6 nm would be more suitable for energy estimation than that at 777.4 nm, which might bemixed with other emissions sensitive to higher-energy electrons.

New five-wavelength photometerA new five-wavelength photometer was developed and installed at the EISCAT Tromsø site (69.6°N, 19.2°E) in
January 2017. The photometer consists of two units: an optical unit, and a control unit together with a PC. The
photometer can simultaneously observe auroral emissions with five wavelengths. A uniqueness of the present system is
its capability of precise pointing, which enables pointing the photometer at the field-aligned position using a star image
obtained with a coaxial digital camera. Another uniqueness of the system is its capability of taking data at a sampling
rate of 400 Hz. Some preliminary results including correlations between 427.8 and 557.7 nm, 630 nm, 777.4 nm, and844.6 nm are presented. These comparisons are not significant unless all the five wavelength emissions emanate fromexactly the same volume (i.e., magnetic zenith) in the ionosphere, which the present system has.

SDI-3D project: Development of SDI
The scanning Doppler imager (SDI) is a ground-based Fabry-Perot Doppler spectrometer, operating in an all-sky
imaging mode with a separation scanned etalon to resolve Doppler spectra at heights of 90–400 km. Even a single

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station can estimate the horizontal wind vector and the temperature on the horizontal plane of 500 km diameter. We
established an international team in 2018 with researchers of Japan, Scandinavian countries, and US. This team has
started the “SDI-3D” project, which aims at developing three SDIs and deploying them in the same area as that for
EISCAT_3D, which may start operation in 2022. For progressing this project, an international exchange program (orcross-appointment system) was concluded between the Nagoya University and University of Oulu (Finland) as the firstcase in Nagoya University. We participated in administrative-level meetings, organized by institutes to integrate theground-based observation network in the areas of Finland, Norway, and Sweden. We asked them cooperation requests
for achieving the SDI-3D project goal and obtained their consent.

Longitudinal structure of oxygen density enhancement in the inner magnetosphere
In the early 1980s, it was discovered that the O+ density is sometimes enhanced in a limited range of altitude in the
deep inner magnetosphere (~10,000- to 30,000-km altitude). This O+ density enhancement was originally named theoxygen torus, which implies azimuthal symmetry of the density enhancement. However, its longitudinal structure
remains poorly known. We investigated the longitudinal structure of the oxygen torus for the first time using
simultaneous observations from the Arase and Van Allen Probe A satellites. We found that the oxygen torus does notextend over all longitudes but is localized to the dawn sector, indicating a crescent-shaped torus.

Development of a magnetometer system using Magneto-Impedance sensor
The magneto-impedance (MI) effect was discovered about 25 years ago, and a micro-sized magnetic sensor thatutilizes this effect has now become commercially available. We made some modifications to the commercially available
MI sensors as they can cover the range of the geomagnetic field. Experimental observations of geomagnetic field
variations with the MI sensors were conducted at an observation site. The results showed that the MI sensor recorded
geomagnetic variations with amplitudes of ~1 nT, which were also detected with a fluxgate magnetometer. Thissuggests that MI sensors are useful for researches in geomagnetism or space physics, although they are much lessexpensive than fluxgate magnetometers.

Data Archives
The following data archives are available to the public:
Database
OMTIs
GPS scintillation
VHF (30.8 MHz) radar
SuperDARN Hokkaido radar
210‐mm magnetic field data
ISEE magnetometer network
ISEE VLF/ELF data
EISCAT radar, Sodium Lidar, MF/Meteor radar, Optics
Reimei satellite data

Web site
http://stdb2.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/omti/
http://stdb2.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/QL‐S4/
http://stdb2.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/vhfr/
http://cicr.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/hokkaido/
http://stdb2.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/mm210/
http://stdb2.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/magne/
http://stdb2.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/vlf/
http:// www.isee.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/~eiscat/data/EISCAT.html
http://reimei.stelab.nagoya‐u.ac.jp/

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Division for Meteorological and Atmospheric Research Precipitation measurements by advanced
polarimetric radars and hydrometeor videosondes
 Development of new instrumental technology
 Clouds and precipitation observed by multiple
satellites
 Millimeter-wave/infrared spectroscopy of green
house gases and ozone-depleting substances Measurements and analyses of properties andbehaviors of aerosols using advanced techniques

Ongoing global warming caused by increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases will
result in both gradual climate change and intensification of weather extremes and ecological catastrophes. Among themost urgent tasks for confronting global environmental problems more effectively is a close monitoring of theatmosphere using different observation methods and a better understanding of the atmosphere through theoreticalinsights and numerical modeling. To address these problems, the Division for Meteorological and AtmosphericResearch is dedicated to several research projects for exploring the atmosphere from various angles.

Main Activities in FY2018
Characteristics of particle size distributions of a stratocumulus cloud undetected by a
Ka-band radar
A Ka-band radar can observe smaller cloud particles by shorter wavelength than microwave-band radars. However,a Ka-band radar cannot sometimes detect stratocumulus and shallow cumulus clouds that we can clearly see with nakedeyes. This study aims to confirm the characteristics of particle size distributions (PSDs) of a stratocumulus cloudundetected by a Ka-band radar by simultaneous observations using a cloud particle sounding: Hydrometeor Videosonde(HYVIS). A Ka-band radar was installed at Sesoko Research Facility, University of the Ryukyus. Stratocumulus andcumulus clouds frequently develop over Mt. Yae, whose height is 453 m above sea level and is located 6 km from theradar within the observation range. A balloon-borne sounding was launched from around the top of Mt. Yae into a
stratocumulus cloud with thickness between 400 and 700 m at 1916 LST on June 10, 2017. Analyses of the soundings
showed that the volume average and maximum diameters of PSDs in the lower two third of the cloud were 17.5 and30.6 µm, respectively. In addition, the number concentration of particles was ~100 cm-3. At that time, the Ka-band radar
could not detect any echo related to the stratocumulus cloud. The equivalent reflectivity estimated by PSDs obtained by
HYVIS was less than approximately -20 dBZ. This value is below the lowermost limit (-16.6 dBZ) obtained by theKa-band radar in that situation. Assuming that the PSD shape does not change, the Ka-band radar should detect an echo
in which the volume average particle size is greater than 23.8 μm.

Estimated PSD of an echo using the super droplet method
The Ka-band radar enables us to detect earlier the first echo, which shows the generation of cumulonimbus clouds.
However, it is very difficult to observe PSDs of the first echo. For this purpose, we apply a sophisticated microphysicalparameterization, i.e., a super droplet method with a cloud-resolving model (CReSS-SDM), which can track a particle

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development process from aerosols to cloud and precipitation particles by using the Lagrangian method. In the simulation
result, a stratocumulus-like cloud is developed initially; however, an average particle size of less than 10 µm is too small incomparison with the sounding observation in Okinawa. After the development of active cumulus clouds, raindrops whose
diameter is greater than 100 μm are formed by collision and coalescence processes and an equivalent first echo obtained by
the Ka-band radar is detected when the maximum diameter of the particle is greater than 200 μm.

New rainfall observation tool: MP-PAWR
In the “Enhancement of societal resiliency against natural disasters” of the Cross-ministeral Strategic Innovation
Promotion (SIP) program, the dual polarization multi-parameter phased array weather radar (MP-PAWR) was developed.
As MP-PAWR can provide data about 10 times faster and a higher vertical resolution than conventional weather radars, it
is suitable for observing severe weather, such as torrential heavy rainfall or tornado. Observation using MP-PAWR began
in March 2018 and has succeeded in revealing new aspects of various precipitation phenomena. An example of the
MP-PAWR observation on September 6 revealed the 3D structure of precipitation clouds that exist only 5 km or above andthe MP-PAWR data enable the analysis of the characteristics precipitation particles as well as the kinematic characteristicsof the cloud, such as quantitative estimation of not only the wind speed but also the vertical profiles of the divergence anddeformation by using considerable elevation angle Doppler velocity data of MP-PAWR.

Thermodynamic mechanism for the maintenance of sharp tropical margins
The deep tropics characterized by moist air and deep convection are often separated from the dry, quiescent subtropics bya sharp horizontal gradient of moisture. Existing observations show that this margin of the moist tropics is a true PDF
minimum along the column water vapor contour of ~48 mm in instantaneous data. Quasi-meridional statistical composites ofobservations across the poleward-most excursion of this sinuous contour retain the sharpness of the margin. In this paper, the
48-mm margin is first defined with Aqua AMSR-E observations. Observations from the CloudSat cloud radar and CALIPSO
lidar are then analyzed to reconstruct the cloud and radiative heating profiles on both sides of the margin. Aqua AIRS
temperature and humidity soundings are ingested into a water and energy budget analysis to find a remarkable contrast in themeridional structure of the thermodynamic state across the margin. These observed features are interpreted in terms of asimple conceptual theory from the moisture and heat budget perspectives. The findings offer a novel, “dynamic” view tocharacterize the tropical margin, urging an update of the conventional picture of the “static” tropical climate.

Continuous measurements of stratospheric ozone in the Patagonia region, South America
ISEE and the National Institute for Environmental Studies have implemented the “SAVER-Net project,” a joint
research project with Argentina and Chile as part of the SATREPS program, for 5 years since 2013. Although the
project ended in March 2018, a cooperative research has continued using a facility for the ozone layer measurements in
Rio Gallegos, Argentina, and an aerosol lidar network comprising nine lidars, developed by the SAVER-Net project,spread over the two countries. We advanced the retrieval analysis of vertical distribution of O3 from the spectrum
observed with a millimeter-wave spectral radiometer at Rio Gallegos from 2015 to 2017. Using the O3 data, as well as
the MERRA-2 dataset, in September and October, when the ozone hole often passes over the facility, we found a goodcorrelation between potential vorticity and O3 mixing ratio below the potential temperature of ~1000 K, corresponding
to an altitude of 35 km. We also found temperature decrease and increase at altitudes of ~25 and ~35 km, respectively,
when the ozone hole passed over the facility. These are due to the transport of polar airmass, suggesting that thepotential vorticity and temperature are a good proxy of arrival of the ozone hole.

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Observations of chemical composition change in the polar mesosphere
In the polar region, energetic particle precipitation (EPP) causes chemical composition changes in the atmosphere due toionization and dissociation of nitrogen and oxygen molecules in the mesosphere. To understand these processes in detail,
ISEE and NIPR conducted continuous monitoring of NO concentrations in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere using aground-based millimeter-wave spectral radiometer installed at Syowa station, Antarctica, from January 2012 onward. In
addition, the millimeter-wave measurements of NO at Tromsø, Norway, in collaboration with the University of Tromsø
resumed after we fixed the issue of the FFT spectrometer in January 2019. Using the Syowa dataset, we found that theamplitude of the annual variation in NO in 2014 was significantly smaller than that in other years, and the flux of the energetic
electron whose energy was larger than 1 MeV, measured with Van Allen Probes, was also significantly less than that in theother years, indicating that the flux of the energetic electron affects the seasonal and inter-annual changes in chemicalcomposition in the mesosphere. Moreover, statistical analysis of O3 depletion caused by precipitating protons has been
performed using the O3 dataset with AURA/MLS and the proton fluxes with GOES and POES since 2004, and a goodcorrelation between O3 depletion rate at 0.1 hPa (~60 km) and maximum flux of proton at solar proton events has been found.

Measurements of tropospheric and stratospheric minor constituents using infrared
spectrometers
The measurements of atmospheric trace gases in the troposphere and stratosphere with a ground-based
high-resolution Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) instrument operated at Rikubetsu have been continued.
Total column amounts and vertical profiles of 11 species, including O3, CH4, and CO, are retrieved from the observed
solar absorption spectrum. Moreover, we analyze the vertical distribution of HCHO, which is associated with forest
fires and biogenic volatile organic compounds, and find that the column amount of HCHO over Rikubetsu becomes a
maximum in summer, and is close to the value in a remote area of the northern mid-latitude region throughout theseason. We have also developed and evaluated an observation system using an optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). The
observed values of the OSA system are highly correlated with those of the large FTIR whose accuracy has beenvalidated, showing that the seasonal variation of the daytime column-averaged mixing ratios of atmospheric CO2(XCO2) can be observed using it. We measured XCO2 with it in the central area of Tokyo for 2 years, and found that theobserved XCO2 increased during south and southwest winds, suggesting that it was caused by large anthropogenic
emissions of CO2 from thermal power stations and traffic around the Tokyo central area.

Development of a wide-frequency-range and dynamic-range detector for a new radiometersystemRecently, millimeter−terahertz band technologies for application to information, telecommunication, and radio
astronomy research have been developed rapidly. Based on these new technologies, we are developing a new receiversystem for an atmospheric radiometer that is wide-band, highly sensitive, and highly accurate. We have also beendeveloping a new millimeter-wave radiometer system to monitor multi-molecular lines such as O3, NOx, and HOx. This
year, we designed a frequency-independent optics, which covers a wide observation frequency range from 179 to 254 GHz.
A new corrugated feed horn and some mirrors were fabricated and their propagation characteristics were measured. As aresult, we confirmed good consistency between the design and experiment. Furthermore, we fabricated a newsuperconducting device for a millimeter-wave detector under collaborative research with the Advanced Technology Centerat the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). The measured noise temperature of this device is ~40 K,
which is roughly two times the quantum noise limit, from 160 to 180 GHz. However, this resonance frequency is 60–80
GHz lower than that of the design, and we are attempting to investigate the reason behind this using simulators.

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Development of a method for aerosol reaction experiments utilizing a gas-exchange technique
Aerosols in the atmosphere are considered to age through reactions with gas-phase oxidants. However, how theprocesses affect aerosol properties such as chemical structure and cloud condensation nucleus activity have not beenclarified. For the atmospheric aerosol reaction experiments conducted to reveal this, we developed a reaction
experiment system composed of a flow tube reactor with a double-tube structure and a gas-exchange device
commercialized for use with ICP-MS. We calculated the gas flow in the flow tube reactor by computational fluid
analysis and obtained the results regarding the diffusion of a reactive gas (ozone) and the residence time of aerosol
particles, both of which are necessary for the analysis of data obtained from the reaction experiments. Furthermore, we
performed an experiment in which atmospheric aerosol was passed through the gas-exchange device, followed by theconversion of the gas to argon and the introduction of aerosol to an aerosol mass spectrometer. The result shows that theargon conversion method has an advantage in the separation of ion signals from aerosol particles and those from gases.
We will further evaluate the experimental system and perform reaction experiments for atmospheric aerosols.

Analysis of the relationship between size-resolved hygroscopicity distributions ofatmospheric aerosols and their respiratory deposition
Aerosol is an atmospheric pollutant that has an adverse effect on human health through its deposition within thehuman body through respiration. Various aerosol particles with different sizes and compositions are present in theatmosphere, and the extent of their deposition in the human body is considered an important factor for clarifying thehealth effect of atmospheric aerosol quantitatively. We analyzed the relationship between dry-diameter/hygroscopicity
distributions of aerosols and their deposition in the respiratory system based on the deposition fractions obtained from a
respiratory deposition model, using data from the measurement of size-resolved hygroscopicity distributions of aerosolsin the urban air of Nagoya in the past. We analyzed the data collected in June and August 2010 before this fiscal year,
and this year, we performed an analysis using data obtained from an atmospheric observation in September 2009, whensize-resolved hygroscopicity distributions were measured more frequently. We obtained the characteristics of thedeposition of atmospheric aerosols in the respiratory system when a human inhaled them during the observation period.
The variation in the deposition amount during the observation period should have been affected by the variations in themeteorologically controlled transport and aging of aerosols, besides the variation in the emission of aerosols and theirprecursors in the city. We will further study the deposition of aerosols in the respiratory system, to understand theconnection of the deposition amount with these regulating factors.

Data analysis of black carbon aerosols observed in the Arctic
The Arctic is warming more rapidly than the rest of the globe. Besides contributions from greenhouse gases, forcing
and feedback mechanisms associated with light-absorbing aerosols, such as black carbon (BC), also need to be elucidated.
In this study, we analyzed the data of vertical profiles and microphysical properties (size distributions and mixing states) ofBC particles in the Arctic. These data were obtained during an international aircraft observation campaign in March–April
2018, using an onboard instrument that is based on the laser-induced incandescence technique developed by the Universityof Tokyo group. A series of aircraft measurements were conducted from the northern tip of Greenland. From the data
analysis, we found atmospheric pollution layers at altitudes of ~3.5 and 5 km, where BC mass concentrations weredistinctly high. We also found that most BC particles were thickly coated with non-BC materials at all altitudes below 5
km. Furthermore, we analyzed long-term data of the surface BC mass concentrations at multiple sites in the Arctic toreveal their temporal and spatial variations. Currently, we are analyzing the emission sources and transport process of BC
particles observed by these aircraft- and ground-based measurements.

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Division for Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research Global warming and changes in terrestrial water-material
cycles in the Arctic circumpolar region
 Effects of climate change and anthropogenic forcing on
the terrestrial ecosystem Cloud/rainfall variability in Asian monsoon regions
 Dynamics of phytoplankton in marginal seas and coastal areas
 Climate variability and changing open ocean ecosystem
dynamics and biogeochemical cycle
 Interaction between oceanic waves and climate variations

The Land–Ocean Ecosystem Research Division investigates regional and global energy, water and material cycles,
and physical/biogeochemical processes in the land–ocean ecosystem.
The land research group contributes to advancing our understanding of the mechanisms of how on-going global
warming and anthropogenic activity influence the terrestrial water cycle and ecosystem. Using field observations,satellite remote sensing, global meteorological data analysis, laboratory analysis, and model simulation approaches, ourgroup works to understand the impact of global warming on hydrological and greenhouse gas cycles in the Arctic region,
the dynamics of the continental scale water cycle, the processes that drive weather and climate over Asia, the interplay
between the terrestrial ecosystem and the climate, and the detection of early signs of influence of global warming in
Antarctica.
Ocean research is conducting using satellite remote sensing, numerical simulations, and in situ observations. We
also performing synthesis studies of physical and biogeochemical processes in the ocean and their interactions with theatmosphere and climate. In particular, we are investigating the manner in which oceanic heat content, circulation, andsurface waves interact with atmospheric environments and how they are linked to climate and meteorologicalphenomena such as tropical cyclones. We are also investigating how variations in ocean circulation, mixing processes,
and air–sea fluxes influence marine ecosystems where phytoplankton is a primary producer. Moreover, we areinteresting the possible impact of the marine ecosystem on physical processes and climate in the ocean and atmosphere.

Main Activities in FY2018
Hydrological variability in the Arctic circumpolar tundra and the large pan-Arctic river basins
We analyzed spatiotemporal variations in the terrestrial water storage (TWS) of the Arctic circumpolar tundra
region (ACTR) and those of the largest pan-Arctic river basins (Lena, Mackenzie, and Yukon), and utilized monthly
Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment data from 2002 to 2016. Together with the global land reanalysis and river
runoff data, we identified declining TWS trends throughout the ACTR, mainly owing to increasing evapotranspiration
driven by increasing summer air temperatures. In terms of regional changes, large and significant negative trends in
TWS were observed mainly over the North American continent. In the Lena River basin, the autumnal TWS signal
persisted until the spring of the following year, while in the Mackenzie River basin, the TWS level in the autumn andwinter had no significant impact on the following year. These results are important for understanding future TWS trends,
with ongoing climate change.
(Reference: Suzuki et al., 2018: Hydrological variability and changes in the Arctic circumpolar tundra and thethree largest pan-Arctic river basins from 2002 to 2016. Remote Sensing, 10, 402, doi:10.3390/rs10030402.)

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Precipitation maintenance mechanism over the Maritime ContinentThis study investigated atmospheric water cycles over several
time scales to understand the maintenance processes that control
heavy precipitation over the islands of the Maritime Continent.
Large island regions can be divided into land, coastal, and ocean
areas based on the characteristics of both the hydrologic cycle andthe diurnal variation in precipitation. Within the Maritime
Continent, the major islands of Borneo and New Guinea exhibit
different hydrologic cycles. Large-scale circulation variations,such as the seasonal cycle and the Madden–Julian oscillation,
have a lesser effect on the hydrologic cycle over Borneo than over
New Guinea because the effects depend on their shapes andlocations. The impact of diurnal variations on both regional-scale
circulation and water exchange between land and coastal regions
is pronounced over both islands. The recycling ratio of
precipitation, which can be related to stronger diurnal variation in
the atmospheric water cycle that results from enhanced
evapotranspiration over tropical rain forests, is higher over Borneo
than that over New Guinea.
(Reference: Kanamori et al., 2018: Effect of long- and short-term
atmospheric water cycles on the water balance over the Maritime
Continent. Journal of Hydrometeor., 19, 1413–1427, doi: 10.1175/
Jhm-D-18-0052.1)

Monthly precipitation, moisture flux convergence,
temporal change in precipitable water content and local
water use ratio over Borneo and New Guinea regions.

Sinking velocities of particles in the subarctic and subtropical regions of the western North
Pacific
The sinking of particulate matter in the ocean is one of the most important processes by which carbon and otherbiophilic elements are transported from the surface to the ocean interior, referred to as the “biological pump.” Here, we
examined sinking velocities of particles exported from the upper layer at two observation sites, K2 and S1, located in
the subarctic and subtropical gyres in the western North Pacific, respectively. Sinking particles, collected by drifting
sediment traps at 100–200 m, were fractionated in five ranges of sinking velocities between 5 and 1000 m day-1 using aelutriation system. The averaged sinking velocities (wPOC) calculated from the velocity distributions of POC were 31 ±16 and 63 ± 26 m day-1 at K2 and S1, respectively, i.e., POC was exported faster at S1. For S1 particles, a positive
correlation was found between wPOC and CaCO3 contents. This indicates that particles containing heavy CaCO3 sink

Relationships between sinking velocity and (a) calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content, (b) opal content, and (c) organic matter content of particles.

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faster than those containing lighter organic matter. Particles at K2, mainly composed of opal and organic matter, did notexhibit a clear relationship between wPOC and the denser opal. Instead, wPOC had a positive correlation with δ15N ofthe sinking particles and was small (large) when the surface layer was stratified (well-mixed). These results implied thatthe upper water stability/mixing influences the growth/fragmentation of aggregates as well as their chemicalcomposition, thereby affecting wPOC.
(Reference: Sukigara et al., 2019: Sinking dynamics of particulate matter in the subarctic and subtropical regions of thewestern North Pacific. Deep-Sea Res. I, doi: 10.1016/j.dsr.2018.11.004)

LETKF-based high-resolution ocean data assimilation system for the Asia-Oceania region
With the development of satellite observations and numerical models, high spatiotemporal variations in sea-surface
temperature, salinity, and height associated with oceanic fronts and eddies have been detected. Satellite observations
with infrared and microwave sensors can capture variables at the sea surface except for under cloud and heavy rainfall
regions, respectively. In contrast, numerical models can provide 3D gridded
outputs without missing values, but do not necessarily have perfect
reproducibility because they include parameterizations. Data assimilation
estimates statistically best states combining observations and outputs fromnumerical models, and therefore, may provide outputs with more highreproducibility.
In this study, we established a one-way nest high-resolution ocean data
assimilation system in the southeastern Asian coastal region [98°–115°E, 0°–22°N] with a horizontal resolution of 1/36° embedded in the large-scalewestern Pacific region [95°E–165°W, 50°S–50°N] with that of 1/12°. To
consider spatiotemporal salinity variations, freshwater fluxes (the sum of
evaporation, precipitation, and river discharge) were incorporated into theocean model and satellite sea-surface salinity was assimilated. The
southeastern Asian coastal system showed that in the summer wet season,
when southwestern monsoon blows, the localized cool sea-surface
temperatures along the Vietnam coast caused by coastal upwelling andMonthly mean of (a) sea-surface temperatures
northeastward advection of low-salinity water formed by freshwater discharge
and surface wind, (b) sea-surface salinity andriver discharge, and sea-surface height in thefrom the Mekong River. Thus, the system may enable us to gain insight fromsoutheast Asian coastal system in August
the connection between physical and biological oceanography and hydrology.
2015.

Satellite-derived global surface flux data set: J-OFURO3
Accurate estimations of surface heat, momentum, andfreshwater fluxes over the global oceans are needed tounderstand the air−sea interactions in the climate system. It isdifficult to estimate fluxes for global oceans by using in situ
observations alone; therefore, it is necessary to estimate
satellite-based observation. In this study, we newly developed
satellite-derived air-sea flux estimation through multiple
satellites, as well as advanced estimation techniques.
Furthermore, the obtained estimated values were prepared as a

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Institute for Space–Earth Environmental ResearchAir-sea flux changes in January climatological monthly mean in the
North Pacific, (Left) Kuroshio front, and (right) subarctic front.

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dataset and released to the public as J-OFURO3. The new dataset succeeded in more accurately capturing the regionalsurface flux changes associated with the oceanic meso-scale and fronts that could not be captured clearly in the previous
studies (see figure p46). Furthermore, with the development of long-term data for 30 years (1988–2017), various
investigations regarding climate change and global warming have started. This is also expected to contribute to researchon ocean mixing and the impact on ocean ecosystems that have initiated air−sea interactions.
(Reference: Tomita et al., 2019: J. Oceanogr., 75, 171, doi: 10.1007/s10872-018-0493-x)

Control of Phytoplankton Community Structure in East China Sea by Anthoropogenic Input
of Nitrogen
It is indicated that the anthropogenic nutrient input
from the large river Changjiang changes the ecosystem of
the river mouth in East China Sea. However, the large-scalechange in the phytoplankton community was not known inthe middle of the East China Sea, which can be importantfor Japanese fisheries. In July 2009–2011 and 2013, thephytoplankton community structure was studied at the southof Jeju Island, Korea, to the Japanese side by T/VNagasaki-Maru, Nagasaki University. Large diatoms
dominated in 2009 and 2013, whereas small cyanobacteria
and green algae dominated in 2010 and 2012. In the
diatom-dominated years, the phosphate concentration and
N/P ratio were high and low, respectively. Results ofstatistical analysis with other environmental parametersindicated that the influence of river discharge with highanthropogenic nitrogen was high for low-diatom years,
while the phosphate input from non-Changjiang origin water
was important in the diatom-dominated year. When
upwelling and mixing near the Chinese coastal area supplied
phosphate to the Changjiang Diluted Water, the influence ofanthropogenic nitrogen became weaker and resulted in lower
Influences of Changjiang river and upwelling water on
phytoplankton community structure. Top: years with highN/P ratio with diatom dominance. The results contrasted
anthropogenic nitrogen input from Changjiang river, Bottom: years
with high influence of upwelling.
with those of Amazon plume, where diatom dominated withlow anthropogenic nitrogen supply.
(Reference: Xu, Q., et al., 2019: Interannual changes in summer phytoplankton community composition in relation towater mass variability in the East China Sea. J. Oceanogr., 75(1), 61–79, doi:10.1007/s10872-018-0484-y: Gomes, H.d.R. et al., 2018: The Influence of Riverine Nutrients in Niche Partitioning of Phytoplankton Communities–
A Contrast Between the Amazon River Plume and the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Diluted Water of the East China Sea.
Front. Mar. Sci., doi: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00343)

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Division for Chronological Research AMS-14C dating
 Developing 14C pre-treatment andmeasurement techniques Analysis of cosmogenic nuclides
 CHIME (chemical U-Th total Pb isochron method) Geochronology
 Isotope analysis
 Microanalysis and spectroscopy
 Paleoclimate reconstruction

Short- and long-term forecasts of global environmental changes and their countermeasures are issues of great urgency.
Determining when an event occurred in the past, via “dating,” is of importance understanding present and predicting futurestates of the Earth. We promote chronological studies on a broad range of subjects from events in Earth’s history, spanning~4.6 billion years, to archaeological materials, cultural properties, and modern cultural assets. The Tandetron dating groupconducts interdisciplinary research involving radiocarbon (14C) dating using accelerator mass spectrometry to understandchanges in the Earth’s environment and the cultural history of humankind from ~50,000 years ago to the present day. In
addition, the group studies near-future forecasts of Earth and Space environments, focusing on spatiotemporal variations incosmogenic nuclides, such as 14C and 10Be, and conducts research that integrates art and science through collaboration
between researchers in archeology, historical science, and other fields. The microscale spatial dating group uses thechemical U-Th total Pb isochron method (CHIME), which was firstly developed at Nagoya University, to shed light on
events in Earth’s history from its formation 4.6 billion years ago up to approximately 1 million years ago. An electron probe
microanalyzer (EPMA) have been used to perform nondestructive microanalyses of rocks and other materials to reveal
records of complex events recorded in zircon, monazite, and other samples.

Main Activities in FY2018
JASPAR – The Japan-Spain-Pakistan Archaeological Research Initiative
JASPAR is a new research initiative in the archaeology of Sindh, the southeast of Pakistan. It is an umbrella of projects
dedicated to study the paleoenvironment, archaeology, and ethnoarchaeology of Sindh during the period from early humans(PaleoAsia project) to the Harappan Civilization (2600–1900 BC; RainDrops and ModAgrO
projects). It has been promoted by the Shah Abdul Latif University (SALU, Khairpur, Sindh),the Endowment Fund Trust for Preservation of the Heritage of Sindh, the Universitat Pompeu
Fabra (UPF, Barcelona, Spain), the Japanese Centre for South Asian Cultural Heritage(JCSACH, Tokyo, Japan), the University of Tokyo, Nagoya University, and the National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The first international
collaborative survey of archaeological and paleoclimate studies in the Thar Desert, Pakistan’s
JASPAR survey in the Thar Desert,
Pakistan's Sindh Province.
Sindh Province, was carried out from January to February 2018.

Analysis of crystallographic orientations of garnet grains in coesite - eclogite
Various scales of deformation structures, such as folding, faulting, pressure shadows, lattice-preferred orientation, anddislocation phenomena, observed in metamorphic rocks and minerals clearly record the dynamic processes during metamorphism.
To investigate the behavior of various metamorphic rocks in response to tectonism during prograde and retrograde metamorphic
stages, the electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) method and EPMA were employed in the analysis of crystallographic

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orientations of garnet grains in coesite-eclogite from the Sulu Belt, China; granulite in the Mogok Belt, Myanmar; andepidote-amphibolite and quartz schist of eclogite and non-eclogite units, respectively, in the Sanbagawa Belt, Japan. Most of theanalyzed garnet grains showed segmentation texture formed by a hydration reaction during the exhumation stage. The segmentsthat form an aggregate in each sample share similar crystallographic orientations, with misorientations of less than 3–4°. Thissuggests that the segmentation textures were not formed by deformational crush, but that the grains recorded a static environment
during exhumation. A honeycomb garnet, which includes
an abundance of quartz grains, in a quartz schist from a
Sanbagawa non-eclogite unit also shows no evidence tosuggest deformation processes. This grain formed byhydraulic fracturing of quartz and garnet recrystallization
along the grain boundaries due to the dehydration reaction
during the prograde stage of the epidote-amphibolite facies
metamorphism. Thus, this sample might not haveundergone significant deformation during exhumation from
depths of 25–30 km (0.8–1.0 GPa) to the Earth’s surface.

Left and Center: (a) EPMA MnKα and (b) EPSD maps of a segmented garnetin the Mogok granulite from Myanmar. Abbreviations for minerals: Bt, biotite;
Grt, garnet; Pl, plagioclase; Qz, quartz.
Right: EBSD map of a honeycomb garnet in a Sanbagawa quartz schist.

Petrological and geochemical studies of Tonaru epidote-amphibolite and surrounding
schists in the Sanbagawa Metamorphic Belt, central Shikoku
A subduction zone is a unique environment where various materials from the Earth’s surface encounter mafic and ultramafic
lithologies of the lower crust and mantle wedge. It can be inferred that mechanical (physical) and chemical interactions between
these materials progress dynamically during the subduction process along the interface between the subducted slab and thecrust-mantle zone beneath the arc-trench system. In the Besshi region of the Sanbagawa Metamorphic Belt in central Shikoku, SW
Japan, there are extensive occurrences of various metamorphic rocks that have originated from different protoliths of peridotite,gabbro, basalt, shale-sandstone, and limestone. Field relationships between the Tonaru epidote-amphibolite body and thesurrounding pelitic and basic schists are well-exposed along the Kokuryo River in the Tonaru area of the Sanbagawa Belt in the
Besshi region. Layers and lenses of marble and pelitic schist occur in the southern part of the Tonaru body. However, thepetrological and geochemical characteristics of these lithologies andtheir origins have not yet been elucidated in detail. The petrographic
characteristics and variations in whole-rock compositions of the
Tonaru epidote-amphibolite suggest that the Tonaru
epidote-amphibolite is a metamorphosed composite body of layered
gabbro and gabbro-sediment mixtures composed of mafic,
ultramafic, and/or pelitic materials, likely derived from an oceanic
Variation of SiO2 concentrations (wt%) in the Tonaru
island arc.
epidote-amphibolites along the Kokuryo River.

Drilling of marine sediment in the Amundsen Sea to detect melting events of West Antarctic
ice sheet
A sector of the West Antarctic ice sheet draining into the Amundsen Sea isundergoing the largest ice loss in Antarctica today, and there is serious concern for the
potential of large-scale ice collapse of this area due to global warming. The International
Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 379 drilled two sites in the Amundsen Sea
area of the Southern Ocean using the D/V JOIDES Resolution, in January to March 2019.
A researcher from ISEE participated in this expedition and measured the physicalPhoto: D/V JOIDES Resolution.

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properties of marine sediment cores. It is expected that melting events of the West Antarctic ice sheet during the
Plio-Pleistocene will be detected by future research.

Chemical characterization of B-Tm tephra (Millennium Eruption, Changbaishan volcano) ofa lacustrine sediment core
The absolute date of the Millennium Eruption (ME) from the Changbaishan volcano (also referred to as Mt. Paektu,
Baegdusan, or Tianchi), located at the border between China and North Korea (128°03´E, 41°00´N), has been refined to 946 AD.
This indicates that tephrochronology using widely dispersed B-Tm tephra deposits has great utility in obtaining a robust age
constraint in the late Holocene period. Here, we present multiple geochemical datasets,such as those obtained by X-ray fluorescence, solution inductively coupled plasma-mass
spectrometry, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, as well
as EPMA, of bulk sediments and individual glass shard samples from the B-Tm tephra
deposit layer retrieved from Lake Ogawara, Japan. Our results show that the B-Tm
tephra layer has extremely high amounts of trace elements (e.g., Zr and Ce for 1,700
ppm and 230 ppm, respectively, in bulk sediments), which is comparable to the proximal
B-Tm tephra deposit. Furthermore, the B-Tm tephra layer shows a distinctive chemicalcomposition compared to those of other Japanese tephra. These results indicate thatmeasurements of trace elements, including rare earth elements, have great utility in the
Depth profile of Zr and Ce in a core of Lake
Ogawara sediment alongside a photographidentification and correlation of the B-Tm layer.
of the core.

Accurate age determination using Sr isotope ratios of rapidly formed spherical carbonate concretions
Spherical carbonate (CaCO3) concretions often occur in finer-grained marine
sediments of varying geological ages. Recent studies have revealed that they form
very rapidly under tightly constrained conditions. However, the formation ages ofisolated spherical carbonate concretions have never been determined. Therefore, weused 87Sr/86Sr ratios of isolated spherical carbonate concretions to determine theformation ages. The strontium isotopic stratigraphy obtained using 87Sr/86Sr ratios of
all concretions indicate age determinations with higher accuracy than those estimatedusing micro-fossils. The results imply that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of isolated sphericalcarbonate concretions can be applied to determine the precise numerical age of marine
sediments when the concretions form soon after sedimentation. The age
determinations have high accuracy in cases even without any fossil evidence.

Evaluation of matrix correction procedure in quantitative EPMA

Srisotopic
stratigraphy
andnumerical age determinations fromconcretions (Yoshida et al., 2019)

The accuracy of quantitative EPMA of U, Th, and Pb is an essential factor in obtaining a reliable age of an analyzed mineral.
Quantitative EPMA estimates chemical compositions from X-ray intensities of standard materials and unknown target, and those ofstandard materials through the matrix correction procedure. The accuracy of matrix correction depends on the chosen models andphysical parameters, such as mass attenuation coefficients. CHIME ages of two standard monazites have been determined withvarious matrix correction models and physical parameters to evaluate the reliability of each model and parameter. A comparison of
CHIME and isotopic ages shows that PAP, XPhi, and Bence-Albee method with correction factors by Kato (2005) give an accurate
CHIME age, while other models give systematically older ages than isotopic ages.

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Comparison of CHIME and LA-ICP-MS ages
Skrzypek et al. (2018) analyzed monazite grains with both LA-ICP-MS and EPMA-CHIME. EPMA-CHIME dating gives
smaller uncertainty and variation between samples than LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating. However, EPMA-CHIME dating gives
systematically younger ages than LA-ICP-MS dating. The result implies that EPMA-CHIME dating is sensitive to the difference
between U-Pb and Th-Pb systems and the Th-Pb system is sensitive to the effect of retrograde metamorphism.
14C dating of various carbon components in ground ice in Siberia

Recently, the ground ice in permafrost has received attention as a useful tool
for paleoenvironment reconstruction. It is important to determine the formation age ofground ice to understand past climate changes and hydrological environmental
changes preserved in the ground ice. To define which carbon component is mostsuitable for the determination of the formation ages of ground ice, we have measured
14
C ages of various components such as particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved
Outcrop of permafrost in Churapcha.
organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and CO2 gas in bubbles inground ice from the outcrops of permafrost in Syrdakh and Churapcha, near Yakutsk City in Russia. The 14C ages of POC in the
ground ice samples were ~10,000 years older than ages of the plant remain, indicating that POC is not suitable for use indetermining the age of ground ice formation . Meanwhile, the DIC and bubble CO2 ages were ~10,000 years younger than the plant
ages. The 14C ages of DOC were different by molecular size: the 0.7 µm-10 kDa and 10 kDa-3 kDa fractions showed similar ages tothose of plant remains, whereas the <3 kDa fraction showed younger ages, which were similar to those of DIC and bubble CO2. The
results obtained in this study led to the elucidation of formation processes of ground ice and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.
14C ages of wood blocks from volcanic mudflow deposits:

Examples for Maebashi and Tsukahara deposits

Volcanic debris-flow avalanches and mudflows caused by thecollapse of volcanic edifices are gravity currents that involve surface
materials, including water, plants, rocks, and soils derived fromstream sediments and near-surface deposits. Wood blocks are usefulmaterials for 14C dating to determine the age of events, especially
Expanded region of the Maebashi and Tsukahara mudflows.
hazardous events. However, reworked fragments from deposits ofpreceding events might provide older ages. Therefore, careful sampling and measurement of wood specimens are
required for a correct evaluation of the history of volcanic edifices. We performed 14C measurements for woodspecimens from the Maebashi and Tsukahara mudflow deposits in central Japan. The results suggested that somecollapses of the Asama volcano, although of unknown scale, occurred more than 10,000 years before and after the main
event of ~27,000 years ago.

Radiocarbon dating of peach stones from Makimuku ruins, Nara
PrefectureHigh-precision radiocarbon dating was performed on 12 aliquots of 2,800 peachstones excavated at the Makimuku ruins, Nara Prefecture, Japan. The peaches wereripened, eaten, and disposed of during a period of ~100 years from 135 AD to 230 AD.
This confirms that the Makimuku ruins is one of the more convincing candidate sites
supporting the theory that Yamataikoku was located in Kinai region.

Remnant peach stone excavatedfrom the Makimuku archeologicalsite.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research598-2. Research Centers

Center for International Collaborative Research (CICR)

 Internationally coordinated programs Ground-based observation networks and satellite
projects
 Hosting international workshops
 International exchange of foreign and Japanese
researchers and students Capacity building in developing countries throughtraining courses and schools
 Observatories

To promote international collaborative studies for understanding physical mechanisms of the phenomena occurring inthe space–Sun–Earth environmental system and their interactions with each other, the Center for International
Collaborative Research (CICR) was established in October 2015 under ISEE. CICR provides leadership to encourage andpromote internationally coordinated programs, such as those carried out by the Scientific Committee On Solar-Terrestrial
Physics (SCOSTEP) and Future Earth, ground-based observation networks, international satellite projects, hosting ofinternational workshops and conferences, international exchange of foreign and Japanese researchers and students, andcapacity building in developing countries through training courses and schools. CICR has taken over from the Geospace
Research Center of the former Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University.
In the 11-year solar cycle of past 100 years, cycle 24 has the smallest maximum. World scientists have a strong
interest in this anomaly and its consequences for Earth’s environment. SCOSTEP under the International Science Councilcommenced a 5-year international program entitled “Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial Impact (VarSITI)” in 2014.
One of the co-chairs of the VarSITI program is a member of CICR and responsible for taking lead in this program. CICR
publishes a VarSITI Newsletter every three months, operates a VarSITI mailing list that currently contains ~1000 VarSITI
members from ~70 countries, and coordinates international symposiums related to VarSITI. CICR also contributes to otherinternational programs related to the space–Sun–Earth environment, such as Future Earth and Integrated Land
Ecosystem-atmosphere Processes Study (iLEAPS). In relation to these international programs, CICR also participates
in/operates ground-based observation projects, i.e., the EISCAT radar project, OMTIs, ISEE magnetometer network,
SuperDARN radar network including the Hokkaido HF radars, ISEE VLF/ELF network, and ArCS operation office.
CICR has been operating the international collaborative research programs since 2016. It also holds four domestic
observatories at Moshiri, Rikubetsu, Fuji, and Kagoshima, which conduct observations of the solar wind, geomagnetic
field, and upper atmosphere. Some of these observations have been conducted for more than 30 years.

Observation sites and foreign collaborative institutions of ISEE.

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Main Activities in FY2018
In FY2018, CICR conducted the following international collaborative research
programs: 1) Joint Research Program (International, 31 projects), 2) ISEEInternational Joint Research Program to invite 12 foreign researchers, and 3) three
ISEE/CICR International Workshops, inviting 6 foreign designated professors andassociate professors. Two newly designated professors were hired through a 5-yearcross appointment with US universities and institutions. The ISEE/CICR International
Workshop aimed to facilitate comprehensive discussions on a focused topic with 10–
15 attendees over one week, and summarize the results into international journal
papers and/or books.
Twelve CICR colloquiums were held with senior foreign scientists from sevencountries including the US, UK, Germany and Brazil. For the SCOSTEP/VarSITI
program, we published four VarSITI newsletters in FY2018, in April, July, Octoberand December. We also organized the 14th Solar-Terrestrial Physics Symposium inToronto, Canada, in June 2018. We continue to operate the VarSITI mailing list,
VarSITI Newsletter vol. 20 (Dec. 2018).
which contains ~1000 scientists from ~70 countries, and support selection of 18
international symposiums and 6 database constructions by VarSITI. In relation to the VarSITI project, we organized aninternational school on the equatorial atmosphere in Indonesia in March 2019. Two young scientists from India andUkraine were invited to ISEE under the SCOSTEP Visiting Scholar (SVS) program for collaborative research on
thermospheric and ionospheric dynamics.
Under the ICCON Project, 29 scientists from the US, UK, China, Korea, Russia, Germany, Switzerland, Belgium, andJapan joined the operation of the Nobeyama Radioheliograph. The data are openly available at NAOJ and CIDAS/ISEE.
The EISCAT radar project was carried out under collaborations with an NIPR group: 12 EISCAT special experiments
proposed by Japanese colleagues were conducted. Discussion about the EISCAT_3D radar has been made with otherforeign EISCAT associate members. The PWING projects continued running 8 stations around the north pole at magnetic
latitudes of ~60°, in relation with the OMTIs, ISEE magnetometer and ELF/VLF network projects.
The four domestic observatories continued to operate in FY2018. Moshiri Observatory became an ummanned
observatory in FY2018, but continued running electromagnetic instruments, i.e., an auroral photometer, magnetometers,
and VLF receivers. Rikubetsu Observatory operates several spectrometers for comprehensive measurements of ozone andother minor constituents in the atmosphere, all-sky imagers
and photometers for aurora and airglow, and SuperDARN
Hokkaido radars for ionospheric disturbances as well as a
new ELF atmospheric receiver. A new induction
magnetometer was also installed at Rikubetsu in October
2018. Multi-station interplanetary scintillation (IPS)
observations using the Fuji, Kiso, and Toyokawa antennas
were conducted in FY2018. IPS observations at Fuji wereinterrupted by serious damages by two big typhoons that
occurred in September 2018. The Kiso Observatory was
opened to the public on August 4–5, 2018. Kagoshima
Observatory and Sata Station operated instruments forelectromagnetic wave detection and an all-sky camera and a
Induction magnetometer sensor at Rikubetsu Observatory.
photometer for airglow.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research618-2. Research Centers

Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS)

 Hinode Science Center ERG Science Center Research and development of advanced simulations(SUSANOO, CReSS, Monte Carlo simulations forhigh-precision age calculations, etc.)
 Construction of various databases (IUGONET,WDS-CR, etc.)
 Operation of CIDAS supercomputer system
 Membership activity of HPCI consortium

The Center for Integrated Data Science (CIDAS) aimed to construct infrastructure and conduct research anddevelopment to realize a cutting-edge scientific study of the space–Earth environmental system through integrated
analyses using various observational data and advanced computer simulations. CIDAS operates many projects incooperation with the research divisions and centers of ISEE, as well as other universities and institutes.
Science centers for space missions: Hinode and ERG
The Hinode Science Center is operated as a joint project with NAOJ and developed the database and analyticalenvironment for the data provided by the Japanese solar observation satellite Hinode. At the same time, it plays animportant role in considering research topics of oncoming solar missions such as Solar-C EUVST. In addition, ERG
Science Center operates as a joint research center in cooperation with the Institute of Space and Astronautical
Science/Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA), which releases the data files from ERG (Arase) andground-based observations. The ERG Science Center also develops the data analysis software. The CIDAS computer
system has been used for the data analysis environment for Hinode and ERG projects.
Cooperative research program for database construction and supercomputing
CIDAS produces various databases for space–Earth environmental research and provides supercomputing facilities
in collaboration with the Information Technology Center (ITC) of Nagoya University and other universities andinstitutes. CIDAS has also joined the inter-university network project (Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global
Observation NETwork: IUGONET) with Tohoku University, NIPR, Kyoto University, Kyushu University, and Nagoya
University to develop a metadata server and data analysis software. CIDAS is in charge of activities in ISEE as amember of the High-Performance Computing Infrastructure Consortium (HPCI) in Japan.
Research and development of advanced simulations
CIDAS plays a leading role in research and development of the following advanced computer simulation models:Space Weather Forecast Usable System Anchored by Numerical Operations and Observations (SUSANOO), the Cloud
Resolving Storm Simulator (CReSS), and Monte Carlo simulations for accurate Th-U-Pb dating. The CReSS model isdesigned for all types of parallel computers to simulate a detailed structure of clouds and storms. CReSS is free to use
for scientific community. It has been used for meteorological research and real-time weather forecast experiments, forexample, simulation experiments of tropical cyclones, heavy rainfall events, snow clouds, tornados, and downscaling
experiments of future tropical cyclones.

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Main Activities in FY2018
Development of data analysis system for the ERG (Arase) project
The scientific data from the ERG (Arase) satellite, ground-network observations and modeling/simulation arearchived at the ERG Science Center, which is operated by ISAS/JAXA and ISEE/Nagoya University. The format of thesedata files is CDF, which includes metadata of each file, which is a de facto format for the solar-terrestrial physics
community. The Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS), which is common software for thesolar-terrestrial physics community can easily read and manipulate the CDF files. The ERG Science Center has developed
CDF files for the ERG project, as well as a SPEDAS plug-in software for the ERG project. The ERG Science Center hasorganized the training sessions for SPEDAS in Japan and Taiwan, which provided important opportunities to learn
SPEDAS and the ERG data. The ERG Science Center also develops a data analysis environment in the CIDAS system, andusers can access the CIDAS system via the Internet and analyze the ERG project data using SPEDAS.

Coronal mass ejection arrival time forecasting system using IPS observations
CMEs cause disturbances in the environment around the Earth. CIDAS has installed a dedicated computing system
for CME forecasting, and developed a CME forecasting system under a collaboration study with the Division for
Heliospheric Research of ISEE and NICT. In this system, the propagation of CME is calculated by a global MHD
simulation SUSANOO-CME. The IPS response is estimated by the 3D density distribution of the inner heliospherederived from the MHD simulation. The simulated IPS response is compared with the actual IPS observations performed by
the Division for Heliospheric Research, which gives a forecasting with better accuracy than before. This system will be
included in the real-time forecasting system in NICT.

Activity of Inter-university Global Upper atmosphere Observation NETwork (IUGONET)
We have promoted the use and application of upper atmospheric observation data through database and analysis
software in collaboration with other institutions (e.g., the Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS)),and developed a foundation for a universal infrastructure for disclosing and citing data rapidly. We also abstracted a
database design and have now provided these developments to each institute and committee to promote data activity.
We have held several international data analysis workshops in developing countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, andNigeria in collaboration with several international programs, VarSITI and World Data System (WDS) affiliated with theInternational Council for Science (ICSU), and supported the construction of infrastructure for disclosing data and data
integrity to them.

Operation of the CIDAS supercomputer system
The CIDAS supercomputer system for integrated data analysis is under operation since FY2016. The system consistsof 20 compute nodes, with each node having two Intel Xeon E5-2660 v3 CPUs and 256 GB memory. In FY2018, 150
researchers/students were registered as users of the CIDAS supercomputer system and data analyses related to the Hinode
Science Center and ERG/Arase Science Center as well as computer simulation studies were conducted.

Development of CReSS model
The CReSS model has been developed and improved for physical processes. It is open for scientific research fromCIDAS. CReSS is used for simulation experiments and daily weather forecast. The simulated data of the daily forecast
are open at the website of the meteorological laboratory. It is also planned that the simulation output data using CReSS
model will be open from CIDAS.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research638-2. Research Centers

Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations (COSO)

 Establishment of an aircraft of observing system
and implementation of aircraft observations
 Development of validation equipment for Earthobserving satellites
 Development of ChubuSat and promotion of its
applications
 Observation of polar ionosphere/magnetosphere byformation of flight satellites
 Climate system research at a virtual laboratory (VL)

Based on ISEE research subjects, which encompass natural phenomena ranging from the Earth’s surface to outerspace, COSO is expected to perform empirical and advanced research through observation, especially throughcollaborations among industry, academia, and government, leading to remarkable technological developments foraircraft, balloons, sounding rockets, and spacecraft observations. COSO plays a key role in, and promotes, aircraft
observations in Japan. We also investigate and promote future space exploration missions in collaboration withinstitutions in Japan and overseas to gain new insights into physical phenomena. We assist in advancing observation
capabilities for future orbital and suborbital observations by developing an efficient common technological anddevelopment environment via interdisciplinary activities. The Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Laboratory
contributes to COSO’s activities by using X-and Ka-band radars, together with numerical model studies under VL
activities. The Space Exploration and Research Office (SERO) was newly established in 2018.

Main Activities in FY2018
Promotion of aircraft observation
We have been promoting the establishment of a core base for aircraft observation in collaboration with an external
research institute. We also aim to contribute to research using aircraft observation, such as studies of aerosol−cloudinteractions and those on the development processes of typhoons.
Continuing from 2017, using the G-II jet of Diamond Air Service Co., Ltd., we conducted six penetrations to
Typhoon T1824 (TRAMI) in four days from September 25 to 28, 2018 (Fig. 1). We obtained meteorological elements
near the center of the typhoon through drop sonde observation. The data acquired from drop sonde were sent to theoperational meteorological agencies via the Global Telecommunication System (GTS), and used to predict the track andintensity of this typhoon.
The cloud-aerosol process study using the CReSS is implemented
based on the aircraft observation conducted in 2017 as part of theAdvanced Study on Precipitation Enhancement in Arid and Semi-arid
Regions of the United Arab Emirates. We conducted numericalexperiments to investigate the impact on precipitation efficieny.
In addition, we held an aircraft observation session of JpGU incollaboration with the Meteorological Society of Japan (MSJ), topromote the aircraft mission of COSO. The research plan for aircraft
observation in collaboration with MSJ was revised for the preparationof the master plan 2020 proposal.
Fig.1: The picture of eye of Typhoon T1824 fromaircraft on September 27, 2018.

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Investigation and development of the standard bus system for micro-satellite applicable tospace missions
We have been conducting investigations and developing the standard bus system for compact (100–200 kg)
satellite missions in the future demonstrative space science. In cooperation with a domestic manufacturer having
substantial achievements of instrumental developments in the previous space missions, rather than well-known spacecompanies requiring enormous cost for a new satellite system, and the science/engineering teams of ISAS/JAXA, wehave completed the investigations regarding facilities and environment necessary to the development/operation for
future space exploration missions using multiple satellites by assuming concrete conditions.

Promotion of international collaborative developments of onboard observational
instruments applied to space exploration missions for the space-Earth coupling research
We are promoting the international collaborative developments of onboard science instruments for the future spaceobservation missions, to stimulate and contribute to demonstrative research in the space-terrestrial upper atmosphere
coupling system, by realizing the integrated measurements of space plasmas, neutral particles, fields, waves, and emissionsin space. In particular, we initiated the discussion and investigations toward the international collaborative developments of
the upper atmospheric neutral particle instrument together with overseas research institutes.

Solar observation mission by nano-satellites
We are developing a solar neutron and gamma-ray detector intended for nanosatellites weighing less than 10 kg,
which have more launch opportunities than the 50-kg class satellite, ChubuSat-2, launched in 2016. With the goal oflaunch in FY2021, we have started the design of a 3U CubeSat with dimensions 30 × 10 × 10 cm3 and a weight of 4 kg
by the SERO members. We have designed and fabricated a signal processing board with ASICs for the mission
instrument to achieve very low power consumption.

Space Exploration and Research Office (SERO)
SERO is established as the first step toward forming a research center toconsolidate all space-related activities in the university and promote hardware
development and observational research for space exploration and science. Its
main activities include development of micro- and nanosatellites, development
Fig.2: 2-week training course for space applications.
of propulsion technologies, instrument development for satellite and/or space
exploration projects at ISAS/JAXA, and administrations of training programs for space exploration. Staff members
from the divisions of engineering, science and environmental studies, participated in these activities. We held atwo-week training course for space applications in February (Fig.2).

Promotion of observations using Earth observing satellites
The concept of the future spaceborne precipitation radar was studied and DPR-2, upgraded from the dual-frequency
precipitation radar onboard the GPM core satellite, was proposed as the mission proposal to the Grand Design of the Earth
Observation Satellite. We participated in the discussion of the NASA’s future cloud and precipitation observation mission.
Furthermore, we expanded J-OFURO3, the third-generation data set of heat, momentum and freshwater flux
between the atmosphere and the ocean on the global basis, which is important for a precise understanding of the energybalance of the earth system and climate change. Research on the flux estimation under the severe weather conditions
such as typhoons and bomb cyclones by using GNSS ocean reflection data from small satellites was started.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research658-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research
Do variations in solar activity influence our weather and climate? Researchers specializing in fields such as
astronomy, solar physics, meteorology, climatology, paleoclimatology, and oceanography have grappled with thisquestion for the past two hundred years or more. Two thousand years ago, astronomers of the Chinese imperial court
chronicled sunspot activity for exploring variations in solar activity. In 1801 the British astronomer William Herscheldiscovered a significant correlation between the number of sunspots and the market value of wheat in London andreported his findings in a paper published by the Royal Society. He concluded that a reduction in the number ofsunspots affected a change in climate that altered wheat yields, and as a result, influenced the price of wheat. This study
is considered as the first attempt to examine correlations among the Sun, climate, and society (human life). Even now,correctly identifying the characteristic variations of solar activity and investigating their effects on climate change andmodern society remain important research topics in academics and society.
There is much evidence indicating that at least the Atlantic Ocean and surrounding areas, including Europe andNorth America, experienced significantly colder temperatures during the Maunder Minimum (a 70-year period from1645 to 1715) in which very few sunspots were observed and solar activity appeared nearly stagnant. Historical records
show that New York Harbor froze in the winter of 1780, enabling people to walk from Manhattan to Staten Island, andthat sea ice surrounding Iceland extended for miles, closing the harbors and dealing a blow to the fishing industry andtrade over a long period of time. While it is premature to conclude that the quieting of solar activity leads to a period ofcooling, many researchers believe that variations in solar activity influence medium-to-long-term climate changes.
However, to obtain conclusive evidence, it is necessary to reconstruct climate changes quantitatively and to continue
accumulating data on annual variations in solar activity.
Very few sunspots were observed from March 7 to March 20, 2017. The cycle length of solar magnetic activity
corresponding to the sunspot cycle was estimated at about 14 years during the Maunder Minimum. The sunspot cycle inSolar Cycle 24, which began in 2008, has grown to about 13 years, similar to that in the Maunder Minimum. This
indicates that we are entering a period of low solar activity, where a cooling on a global scale can occur in the near
future. To offer a qualified opinion on the likelihood of this prediction, we must examine diverse viewpoints on how
solar activity affects climate.
The
globally
averagedsurface temperature showed a clear
upward trend after the latter half ofthe 20th century. However, it
continued to increase in thetemperature range of 0.03–0.05°C
per ten years from 1998 to 2012,
and the global warming pause or
the global warming slowdown iscalled the “global warming hiatus.”
Nonethelessthe atmosphericgreenhouse gas concentration
increases yearly, but a clear rise is
not recognized in the observationof surface temperature. The topic“global warming hiatus” was taken
up on the Internet news and blogs,
went over the scientific community,
and then had a huge impact on the
Project scheme for Solar–Terrestrial Climate Research.

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general public. Based on a detailed analysis of the meteorological dataset from the land and ocean temperatures (e.g.,
HadCRUT3) and computer experiments with climate models such as MIRCO, it was indicated that the global warming
hiatus was caused by natural characteristics. Although we still cannot provide sufficient explanation, it is evidenced thatthe decadal-centurial-time scale climate change is indirectly driven by secular variation in solar activity. Encouraging theunderstanding of the characteristics and mechanisms of short-term natural fluctuations that appear in the age of global
warming will make the prediction of anthropogenic climate change more reliable. It is extremely important to draw up anenvironmental policy that stands on the influence on human society.
Radiocarbon (14C) and Beryllium-10 (10Be), known as cosmogenic isotopes, are produced at a rate that varies
according to the intensity of the incoming cosmic rays to Earth, which in turn are influenced by solar activity.
Analyzing 14C in tree rings and 10Be in ice cores is an effective way to study long-term variations in solar activity goingback tens of thousands of years. Such analyses of 14C and 10Be suggest that episodes of declining solar activity
resembling the Maunder Minimum have occurred repeatedly 12 times throughout the Holocene, which spans the pastten thousand years. Comparing cosmogenic isotopes against paleoclimate data can improve the understanding ofsolar-driven climate change on a long time-scale.
We have accumulated evidences over the past quarter century that will be effective in studying the mechanisms bywhich variations in solar activity affect climate and human society. The interdisciplinary project for Solar-Terrestrial
Climate Research at ISEE integrates the latest knowledge in solar physics, meteorology, climatology, environmental
studies, paleoclimatology, space physics, and cosmic ray physics with the aim of better understanding the variability insolar activity, fostering an understanding of solar-driven earth systems, and contributing to predictions of future global
environments.

Main Activities in FY2018ISEE International Collaborative Research Programs
In fiscal 2018, the international collaborative research on five issues related to the Interdisciplinary Research“Climate impact of solar activity” and general joint research on five subjects were conducted. In addition, 11 researchmeetings were held on various topics. New findings to understand the earth system driven by the sun were obtained bythree and seven projects aiming at understanding the changes in climate and solar activity, respectively

Cosmic Ray Event in AD 993–994: Synchronicity in Northern and Southern Hemispheres
10

Be measurements at quasi-to-annual temporal resolution were conducted on the Dome Fuji ice core from
Antarctica over the period in which the cosmic ray event in AD 994 would be expected. An approximately 50% increasein 10Be concentration is consistent with that observed in the Greenland ice cores. Increases in 10Be concentrations inboth hemispheres support a solar origin of the AD 994 event.

Hydroclimatic changes in the Levant during the past 220000 years
The Dead Sea lake bottom sediments were collected by the Dead Sea Deep Drilling Program under the frameworkof the International Continental Scientific Drilling program. The sedimentary facies deposited during the past 220,000
years change synchronously with the solar radiation in the northern hemisphere’s midlatitude. It is new evidence thatthe hydroclimatic condition at the Dead Sea catchment area in the Levant can respond to specific circumstances in the
North Atlantic and tropical zone which are partly affected by the solar radiation (Sun) changes.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research678-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for the Space‒Earth Envionmental Prediction
Over the past 50 years, space exploration has expanded rapidly and now gone past the edge of the heliosphere.
Consequently, it is known that solar activity and the dynamics of the space environment can significantly impact
human socio-economic systems as well as the global environment. For example, the giant solar flare observed by the
British astronomer Richard Carrington in 1859 caused powerful magnetic storms, called the Carrington Event. Ifsuch an event occurred in the modern era, power, satellite, aviation, and communication networks could possibly bedamaged on a global scale. Moreover, analyses of the latest stellar observations and of cosmogenic isotopes in treerings suggest even larger solar flares. However, the mechanisms of the onset of solar flares and their subsequent
processes have not yet been fully explained. Thus, modern society is at risk from severe space-weather disturbances,caused by such solar explosions, and understanding and predicting variations in the space–Earth environment is bothan important scientific subject and a crucial issue for modern society. Furthermore, because the accurate prediction ofcomplex phenomena is a common problem in science, the prediction is also a crucial subject for various scientificdisciplines. The Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction is a new joint research project aimed atsynergistically developing our predictive capability for the space–Earth environment through the cooperation andinteraction of solar physics, geomagnetism, space sciences, meteorology, climatology, space engineering, and otherrelated fields. This project addresses the various issues shown in the figure below, based on ISEE Collaborative
Research Programs and the support of a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas from MEXT
Japan’s “Project for Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction (PSTEP).”

The objectives and subjects of the Project for Space–Earth Environmental Prediction.

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Main Activities in FY2018
ISEE/PSTEP International Workshop on Data-Driven Models of the Solar Progenitors ofSpace Weather and Space Climate
T The increasingly dense observational coverage of the solar atmosphere has led to many important insights into
the origins of solar activity. Simultaneously, the increasingly sophisticated numerical models of the interaction between
plasma and magnetic fields have provided important lessons on the basic physical mechanisms underlying the observed
behavior. State-of-the-art MHD models can now yield observational diagnostics that are in general agreement with theobservations. Yet, if we wish to apply these lessons to forecasting space weather and space climate, many challenges
remain. First, even with the aforementioned advances in MHD modeling, there remains a wide gap between numericalmodels and reality, as revealed by observations. As
observational capacity – in terms of spectral, temporal, andspatial coverage – improves, so does the number ofobservables not explained by the current generation of models.
One possible reason is the lack of certain physical ingredientsin the models. In this ISEE/PSTEP International Workshop(November 6th to 9th 2018), many experts joined from Japan,
US, Europa, and China, and we address the key problems
remaining in using observational data to constrain and todrive MHD models of solar eruptions. Several new projects
resulted from the discussions at this Workshop. We foresee
more publications resulting from this effort appearing in late
The participants of ISEE/PSTEP International Workshop on
Data-Driven Models of the Solar Progenitors of Space Weather
2019 and in 2020.
and Space Climate.

ISEE/PSTEP Science Meeting on “Modeling Study for Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Prediction”
We conducted the ISEE/PSTEP Science Meeting on “Modeling Study for Solar-Terrestrial Environment
Prediction” from January 17 to 18, 2019 at NICT, Tokyo, in cooperation with PSTEP. This meeting is to review thepresent status and prospects for the modeling prediction of the solar-terrestrial dynamics and has been held every year
since 2017 for inter-disciplinary discussion.
In this year, we mainly discuss about what type of prediction is required to develop a space weather hazard map for
public, based on the survey report of the social needs for each subject (electric power grid, satellite operation(charging/air drag), radio wave utilization, and aviation
operation). We also organized a solar and heliospheric sessionin which the recent research results of the latest forecastingmodel of solar flares and CMEs were discussed. In particular,
we confirmed that great progress has been made in researchon the onset mechanism of solar flares and the realistic
simulations of flares and CMEs using the real data. Because
the next fiscal year (FY2019) is the final year of PSTEP, wewill summarize the efforts for inter-connection of the element
models and the advanced development of the prediction
Science Meeting on “Modeling Study for Solar-Terrestrial
model in the future.
Environment Prediction.”

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research698-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for the Interaction of Neutral and Plasma Atmospheres
The Earth’s upper atmosphere is partly ionized because of solar ultraviolet emissions, forming the ionosphere.
Ionospheric plasma affects human activities in space, such as radio communications and GPS positioning. The
consequences of climate change appear significantly in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. As shown in the figure
below, neutral-plasma interaction processes in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere can be observed as various
phenomena occurring from high to low latitudes. The aurora in the polar region is caused by the precipitation ofhigh-energy plasma, which heats the upper atmosphere and generates atmospheric waves and disturbances that
propagate toward low latitudes. However, ionospheric plasma instability, known as plasma bubbles, occurs in theequatorial upper atmosphere, causing interference with satellite-ground communications and GPS positioning. Thesephenomena can be measured by various ground-based remote-sensing instruments, such as airglow imagers,
magnetometers, radars and lidars, and millimeter wave telescopes. This interdisciplinary project investigates theinteraction of neutral and plasma components of the Earth’s atmosphere using various ground remote sensing
techniques and in situ satellite measurements, as well as global and regional high-resolution modeling of theneutral-plasma interaction, and contributes to the reliable use of space by humans.

Research topics of the project for the interaction of neutral and plasma atmospheres.

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Main Activities in FY2018
In FY2018, we operated 11 international
collaborative studies, 8 domestic collaborative projects,
and 21 domestic meetings under ISEE. Various scientificresults have been obtained through these collaborative
projects.
As mentioned in the previous paragraph, interactionof neutral and plasma components is an essential andimportant issue for understanding the partially ionizedatmosphere or the ionosphere and thermosphere. We are
expecting a dramatic improvement in the ground-based
ionospheric measurement accuracy with start inoperation of EISCAT_3D in Scandinavia in 2022. In
Polar aurora as an indicator of the plasma-atmosphere interaction(photo taken at Nain, Canada on Sept.16, 2018, during a ERG-groundcontrast, as the measurement of the neutral components
campaign observation).
in the thermosphere is impossible for EISCAT_3D inprinciple, preparation of diagnosing neutral components or the thermosphere has been perceived as an urgent issue.
Then, we established an international project team (Japan, US, Finland, Sweden, and Norway) in 2018 with a view of
deploying three SDIs, which are capable of measuring the thermospheric wind vector and temperature in 1000 km2.
Collaborations between the EISCAT_3D and 3 SDIs in Scandinavia will create an ideal environment of studying thepolar ionosphere-thermosphere coupled system with the state-of-the-art ground-based instruments. We restarted themonitoring observation by the millimeter-wave spectrometer at Tromsø, Norway, after repair of the FFT processor in
December 2018, to measure the NO that is produced by ion-chemistry due to the energetic particle precipitation. The
new scientific satellite Arase (ERG) was launched by ISAS/JAXA in December 2016 to investigate wave−particle
interactions between high-energy electrons and ions in the inner magnetosphere. We have conducted several
ERG-ground campaign observations in FY2018. From the combined ground-satellite measurements, including EISCATand newly installed high-speed EMCCD cameras, several science results, especially for wave−particle interactions,have been reported in scientific journals including Nature and Nature Communications. An ISEE researcher was hired
by University of Oulu in Finland through a cross appointment and will conduct collaborative research related to thisinterdisciplinary project.
At middle and low latitudes, we studied MSTIDs using airglow imagers, Fabry-Perot interferometers, andionosondes installed at geomagnetic conjugate points in Japan and Australia. We conclude that the sporadic E layer isthe most effective in controlling theappearance/non-appearance of nighttime
MSTIDs compared to neutral winds andionospheric F-layer parameters. We havealso studied long-term variation of gravity
waves and MSTIDs using 16-year airglow
images obtained at Shigaraki and Rikbetsu,
Japan, and show latitudinal dependences ofthese phenomena in the mesosphere andionosphere.
Schematic picture of hemispheric coupling of nighttime medium-scale travelingionospheric.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research718-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Project for Aerosol and Cloud Formation
Hydrometeors and aerosols closely interact with each other in their generation and dissipation, and play importantroles in atmospheric water circulation, formation of convective clouds and typhoons, as well as in the Earth radiationbudget. However, they are some of the most unknown quantities in the atmosphere. Thus far, hydrometeors andcloud-precipitation systems have been studied in the Hydrospheric Atmospheric Research Center, whereas aerosols andrelated processes have been studied in the Solar-Terrestrial Environmental Laboratory. In the joint research program,
researchers from both centers will cooperate to study the interaction between aerosols and hydrometeors, theirvariations in the formation of precipitation, and cloud-aerosol-radiation interactions by field observations and numericalsimulations. On the basis of field observations, the numerical model will be improved for quantitative simulation ofcloud and aerosol processes. In cooperation with the Center for Orbital and Suborbital Observations, we will conduct insitu observations of typhoons using an aircraft, balloons, and drones. This research will improve CReSS and study the
impact of aerosols on typhoon clouds.

Upper:
Lower:

72

A mesoscale convective system and hydrometeors simulated by the CReSS model.
The superimposed images show hydrometeors expected to be present in the convective system. Balloon observation of
typhoon clouds. Launching balloon (left) and observed hydrometeors (right).

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research8-3. Interdisciplinary Researches

Main Activities in FY2018
Cloud and aerosol observation in UAE and aerosol modeling
Physico-chemical properties of atmospheric aerosols and microphysical structures of diurnal convective clouds,
which had been observed over the United Arab Emirates (UAE) using an instrumented aircraft in September 2017, were
simulated by the CReSS model implemented with a new cloud microphysics scheme and a simplified cloud
condensation nuclei (CCN)/ice nucleating particle (INP) scheme and the influence of CCN/INP abundance was also
investigated. The CReSS well-simulated the diurnal convective clouds, except for high concentrations of ice crystals,
which activated the mineral dust particles present at high concentrations in the boundary layer. Doubling the CCN
number concentrations suppressed the conversion from cloud water to rainwater, and more cloud water was transported
to upper subfreezing levels and froze there. The latent heat release invigorated the diurnal convective clouds, especiallycumulus congestus clouds. We are planning to evaluate more accurately the impact of mineral dust particles acting as
INP using an aerosol, cloud, and precipitation-integrated model currently being tested and improved.

Comparison of cloud water content (left) and snow particle number concentration (middle) obtained from aircraft observation (dotted line) and numericalsimulation (dashed line). Increase and decrease of surface precipitation when CCN concentration is doubled from default value of 500 cm-3 (right).

Observation of aerosol particles during passage of typhoon through Okinawa
As part of the KAKENHI research project (PI: K. Tsuboki), we measured the size distribution of aerosol particles
from August to October 2018, and PM2.5 mass concentrations continuously from August 2018, using an optical particle
analyzer and a low-cost sensor, respectively (Fig.) at the Univ. of the
Ryukyus in Okinawa. Two typhoons Trami and Kong-Rey passed 40
and 100 km west of the Okinawa Island on September 29 and October
4, respectively. The mass concentration of coarse-mode particles
increased in proportion to the wind speed and the mass-based mode
diameter was found to decrease as Trami approached. Chemical
analyses of the aerosol particles collected on quartz filters before,
during, and after the passage of these typhoons found that the mass andfraction of sea salt in the aerosols increased significantly during thepassage of these typhoons.
Optical particle analyzer used during the observation
at University of the Ryukyus.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research739. Publications and Presentations

9. Publications and Presentations
Papers (in refereed Journals, April 2018–March 2019)
Aartsen, M. G., M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, M. Ahrens, I. Al Samarai, D. Altmann, K. Andeen,
T. Anderson et al. (H.Tajima), Multimessenger observations of a flaring blazar coincident with high-energy
neutrino IceCube-170922A. Science, 361(6398), 1378, Jul. 13, 2018 (10.1126/science.aat1378).
Abdellaoui, G., S. Abe, J. H. Adams, A. Ahriche, D. Allard, L. Allen, G. Alonso, L. Anchordoqui, A. Anzalone, Y. Arai et al.
(Y. Itow), EUSO-TA – First results from a ground-based EUSO telescope. Astropart. Phys., 102, 98–111, Nov.
2018 (10.1016/j.astropartphys.2018.05.007).
Abdellaoui, G., S. Abe, J. H. Adams, A. Ahriche, D. Allard, L. Allen, G. Alonso, L. Anchordoqui, A. Anzalone, Y. Arai et al.
(Y. Itow), First observations of speed of light tracks by a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere.
J. Instrum., 13(5), P05023, May 2018 (10.1088/1748-0221/13/05/P05023).
Abdollahi, S., M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, J. Becerra Gonzalez,
R. Bellazzini et al. (H. Tajima), A gamma-ray determination of the Universe’s star formation history. Science,
362(6418), 1031–1034, Nov. 11, 2018 (10.1126/science.aat8123).
Abe, K., C. Bronner, Y. Haga, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyog, J. Kameda, Y. Kato, Y. Kishimoto, Ll. Marti et al. (Y. Itow,
G. Mitsuka, M. Murase, F. Muto, T. Suzuki), Atmospheric neutrino oscillation analysis with external constraints
in Super-Kamiokande I-IV. Phys. Rev. D, 97(7), 72001, Apr. 3, 2018 (10.1103/PhysRevD.97.072001).
Abe, K., S. H. Ahn, H. Aihara, A. Aimi, R. Akutsu, C. Andreopoulos, I. Anghel, L. H. V. Anthony, M. Antonova, Y. Ashida et al.
(Y. Itow) Physics potentials with the second Hyper-Kamiokande detector in Korea. Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys.,2018(6), 063C01, Jun. 20, 2018 (10.1093/ptep/pty044).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, T. Norita, H. Gawa
et al. (Y. Itow, K. Kanzawa, R. Kegasa, K. Masuda, H. Takiya), Improved search for two-neutrino double
electron capture on 124Xe and 126Xe using particle identification in XMASS-I. Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys., 2018(5),053D03, May 30, 2018 (10.1093/ptep/pty053).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, H. Ogawa, K. Satoet al. (Y. Itow, K. Kanzawa, K. Masuda), Search for dark matter in the form of hidden photons and axion-likeparticles in the XMASS detector. Phys. Lett. B, 787, 153–158, Dec. 10, 2018 (10.1016/j.physletb.2018.10.050).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, T. Norita,
H. Ogawa et al. (Y. Itow, K. Kanzawa, R. Kegasa, K. Masuda, H. Takiya), Direct dark matter search by annual
modulation

with

2.7

years

of

XMASS-I

data.

Phys.

Rev.

D,

97(10),

102006,

May

21,

2018

(10.1103/PhysRevD.97.102006).
Abe, K., C. Bronner, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyogi, J. Kameda, Y. Kato, Y. Kishimoto, Ll. Marti, M. Miura et al. (Y. Itow,
M. Murase, F. Muto), Search for Neutrinos in Super-Kamiokande associated with the GW170817 neutron-starmerger. Astrophys. J. lett., 857(1), L4, Apr. 9, 2018 (0.3847/2041-8213/aabaca).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, T. Norita,
H. Ogawa et al. (Y. Itow, K. Kanzawa, R. Kegasa, K. Masuda, H. Takiya), A direct dark matter search in
XMASS-I. Phys. Lett. B, 789, 45–53, Feb.10, 2019 (10.1016/j.physletb.2018.10.070).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, H. Ogawa, K. Satoet al. (Y. Itow, K. Kanzawa, K. Masuda), A measurement of the scintillation decay time constant of nuclear recoilsinliquid

xenon

with

the

XMASS-I

detector.

J.

Instrum.,

13,

P12032,

Dec.

20,

2018

(10.1088/1748-0221/13/12/P12032).
Abe, K., K. Hiraide, K. Ichimura, Y. Kishimoto, K. Kobayashi, M. Kobayashi, S. Moriyama, M. Nakahata, T. Norita,
H. Ogawa, K. Sato et al. (Y. Itow, K. Kanzawa, R. Kegasa, K. Masuda, H. Takiya), Development of low
radioactivity photomultiplier tubes for the XMASS-I detector. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel.

74

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Publications and Presentations

Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip., in press (10.1016/j.nima.2018.12.083).
Abeysekara, A. U., A. Archer, W. Benbow, R. Bird, R. Brose, M. Buchovecky, J. H. Buckley, V. Bugaev, A. J. Chromey,
M. P. Connolly et al. (H. Tajima), VERITAS and Fermi-LAT Observations of TeV Gamma-Ray Sources
Discovered by HAWC in the 2HWC Catalog. Astrophys. J., 866(1), 24, Oct. 10, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aade4e).
Ackermann, M., W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. Bissaldi,
R. D. Blandford et al. (H. Tajima), Search for Gamma-Ray Emission from Local Primordial Black Holes with the
Fermi Large Area Telescope. Astrophys. J., 857(1), 49, Apr. 10, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaac7b).
Ackermann, M., M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford,
E. D. Bloom et al. (H. Tajima), The Search for Spatial Extension in High-latitude Sources Detected by the Fermi
Large Area Telescope. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 237(2), 32, Aug. 7., 2018 (10.3847/1538-4365/aacdf7).
Ackermann, M., M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford,
R. Bonino et al. (H. Tajima), The unresolved gamma-ray sky through its angular power spectrum. Phys. Rev. Lett.
121(24), 241101, Dec. 12, 2018 (10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.241101).
Adriani, O., E. Berti, L. Bonechi, M. Bongi, R. D’Alessandro, S. Detti, M. Haguenauer, Y. Itow, K. Kasahara, Y. Makino,
K. Masuda et al. (Y. Muraki, K. Ohashi, K. Sato, M. Shinoda, M. Ueno, Q. D. Zhou), Measurement of inclusive
forward neutron production cross section in proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV with the LHCf Arm2 detector.
J. High Energy Phys., 2018(11), 73, Nov. 12, 2018 (10.1007/JHEP11(2018)073).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Atmospheric gas dynamics in the Perseus cluster observed with
Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 9, Apr. 11, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psx138).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Measurements of resonant scattering in the Perseus cluster core with
Hitomi SXS. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 10, Apr. 11, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psx127).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Temperature structure in the Perseus cluster core observed with
Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 11, Apr. 11, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psy004).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Atomic data and spectral modeling constraints from high-resolution
X-ray observations of the Perseus cluster with Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 12, Apr. 11, 2018(10.1093/pasj/psx156).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba, M. W. Bautzet al. (H. Tajima), Hitomi observation of radio galaxy NGC 1275: The first X-ray microcalorimeter spectroscopy of
Fe-Kα line emission from an Active Galactic Nucleus. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 13, Apr. 11, 2018(10.1093/pasj/psx147).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba, M. W. Bautz,
et al. (H. Tajima), Search for thermal X-ray features from the Crab nebula with Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer.
Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 14, Apr. 11, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psx072).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Hitomi X-ray studies of Giant Radio Pulses from the Crab pulsar.
Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 15, Apr. 11, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psx083).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Hitomi observations of the LMC SNR N 132 D: Highly redshifted
X-ray emission from iron ejecta. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 16, Apr. 11, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psx151).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research75

9. Publications and Presentations

M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Glimpse of the highly obscured HMXB IGR J16318-4848 with
Hitomi. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(2), 17, Apr. 11, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psx154).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Hitomi X-ray observation of the pulsar wind nebula G21.5−0.9. Publ.
Astron.Soc. Jpn, 70(3), 38, Apr. 3, 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psy027).
Aharonian, F., H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen, L. Angelini, M. Audard, H. Awaki, M. Axelsson, A. Bamba,
M. W. Bautz et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Detection of polarized gamma-ray emission from the Crab nebulawith the Hitomi Soft Gamma-ray Detector. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(6), 113, Nov. 9, 2018(10.1093/pasj/psy118).
Ahnen, M. L., S. Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, C. Arcaro, D. Baack, A. Babić, B. Banerjee, P. Bangale, U. Barres de Almeida,
J. A. Barrio et al. (H. Tajima), MAGIC and Fermi-LAT gamma-ray results on unassociated HAWC sources. Mon.
Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., in press (10.1093/mnras/stz089).
Ajello, M., A. Allafort, M. Axelsson, L. Baldini, G. Barbiellini, M. G. Baring, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, E. Bissaldi
et al. (H. Tajima), Fermi-LAT Observations of LIGO/Virgo Event GW170817. Agric. For. Meteorol., 861(2), 85,
Jul. 10, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aac515).
Akiyoshi, H., M. Kadowaki, H. Nakamura, T. Sugita, T. Hirooka, Y. Harada, and A. Mizuno, Analysis of the ozonereduction
event over the southern tip of South America in November 2009. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 123(22), 12523–12542,
Nov. 27, 2018 (10.1029/2017JD028096).
Angelopoulos, V., P. Cruce, A. Drozdov, E. W. Grimes, N. Hatzigeorgiu, D. A. King, D. Larson, J. W. Lewis, J. M. McTiernan,
D. A. Roberts et al. (T. Hori, Y. Miyoshi, M. Teramoto, T. F. Chang, S. Matsuda, T. Segawa, M. Shoji,
N. Umemura, M. Nose, A. Shinbori), The Space Physics Environment Data Analysis System (SPEDAS). Space
Sci. Rev., 215(1), 9, Feb. 2019 (10.1007/s11214-018-0576-4).
Asamura, K., Y. Kazama, S. Yokota, S. Kasahara, and Y. Miyoshi, Low-energy particle experiments–ion mass analyzer (LEPi)
onboard the ERG (Arase) satellite. Earth Planets Space, 70, 70, May 3, 2018 (10.1186/s40623-018-0846-0).
Asano, A., D. Berge, G. Bonanno, M. Bryan, B. Gebhardt, A. Grillo, N. Hidaka, P. Kachru J. Lapington, S. Leach et al.
(Y. Nakamura, A. Okumura, H. Tajima, N. Yamane), Evaluation of silicon photomultipliers for dual-mirror
Small-Sized Telescopes of Cherenkov Telescope Array. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom.
Dect. Assoc. Equip., 912, 177–181, Dec. 21, 2018 (10.1016/j.nima.2017.11.017).
Bachelet, E., V. Bozza, C. Han, A. Udalski, I. A. Bond, J.-P. Beaulieu, R. A. Street, H.-I. Kim, D. M. Bramich, A. Cassan et al.
(F. Abe, Y. Itow, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki), First assessment of the binary lens OGLE-2015-BLG-0232.
Astrophys. J., 870(1), 11, Jan. 1, 2019 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaedb9).
Bamba, Y., S. Inoue, and K. Hayashi, The Role of a Tiny Brightening in a Huge Geoeffective Solar Eruption Leading to the St.
Patrick’s Day Storm. Astrophys. J., 874(1), 73, Mar. 26, 2019 (10.3847/1538-4357/ab06ff).
Bennett, D. P., A. Udalski, I. A. Bond, D. Suzuki, Y.-H. Ryu, F. Abe, R. K. Barry, A. Bhattacharya, M. Donachie, A. Fukui et al.
(Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki), A planetary microlensing event with an unusually red source star:
MOA-2011-BLG-291. Astron. J., 156(3), 113, Sep. 2018 (10.3847/1538-3881/aad59c).
Berngardt, O. I., J. M. Ruohoniemi, N. Nishitani, S. G. Shepherd, W. A. Bristow, and E. S. Miller, Attenuation of decameter
wavelength sky noise during x-ray solar flares in 2013–2017 based on the observations of midlatitude HF radars. J.
Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys., 173, 1–13, Aug. 2018 (10.1016/j.jastp.2018.03.022).
Bi, R., X. Chen, J. Zhang, J. Ishizaka, Y. Zhuang, H. Jin, H. Zhang, and M. Zhao, Water-mass control on phytoplankton
spatiotemporal variations in the northeastern East China Sea and the western Tsushima Strait revealed by lipid
biomarkers. J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci., 123(4), 1318–1332, Apr. 2018 (10.1002/2017JG004340).
Büntgen, U., L. Wacker, J. D. Galván, S. Arnold, D. Arseneault, M. Baillie, J. Beer, M. Bernabei, N. Bleicher, G. Boswijk et al.
(F. Miyake), Tree rings reveal globally coherent signature of cosmogenic radiocarbon events in 774 and 993 CE.

76

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Publications and Presentations

Nat. Commun., 9(1), 3605, Sep. 6, 2018 (10.1038/s41467-018-06036-0).
Calchi Novati, S., D. Suzuki, A. Udalski, A. Gould, Y. Shvartzvald, V. Bozza, D. P. Bennett, C. Beichman, G. Bryden, S. Careyet al. (F. Abe, Y. Asakura, Y. Itow, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki), Spitzer microlensing parallax for
OGLE-2016-BLG-1067: A sub-jupiter orbiting an M dwarf in the disk. Astron. J., 157(3), 121, Mar. 2019,(10.3847/1538-3881/ab0106).
Camuera, J., G. Jiménez-Moreno, M. J. Ramos-Román, A. García-Alix, J. L. Toney, S. R. Anderson, F. Jiménez-Espejo,
D. S. Kaufman, J. Bright, C. Webster et al. (M. Yamame), Orbital-scale environmental and climatic changes
recorded in a new ∼200,000-year-long multiproxy sedimentary record from Padul, southern Iberian Peninsula. Quat.
Sci. Rev., 198, 91–114, Oct. 15, 2018 (10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.08.014).
Chakraborty, S., J. M. Ruohoniemi, J. B. M. Baker, and N. Nishitani, Characterization of short-wave fadeout seen in daytime
SuperDARN ground scatter observations. Radio Sci., 53(4), 472–484, Apr. 2018 (10.1002/2017RS006488).
Chang, T.-F., C.-Z. Cheng, S. W.-Y. Tam, C.-Y. Chiang, Y. Miyoshi, T. Hori, T. Mitani, T. Takashima, A. Matsuoka,
M. Teramoto, and I. Shinohara, ERG observations of drift echoes during a unique period of the satellite mission.
Earth Planets Space, 71, 18, Feb. 19, 2019 (10.1186/s40623-019-0999-5).
Chauvin, M., H.-G. Florén, M. Friis, M. Jackson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, T. Kawano, M. Kiss, V. Mikhalev, T. Mizuno et al.
(H. Tajima), Accretion geometry of the black-hole binary Cygnus X-1 from X-ray polarimetry. Nat. Astron., 2(8),652–655, Aug. 2018 (10.1038/s41550-018-0489-x).
Chauvin, M., H.-G. Florén, M. Friis, M. Jackson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, T. Kawano, M. Kiss, V. Mikhalev, T. Mizuno et al.
(H. Tajima), The PoGO+ view on Crab off-pulse hard X-ray polarization. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc., 477(1), L45‒
L49, Jun. 2018 (10.1093/mnrasl/sly027).
Chung, S.-J., A. Gould, J. Skowron, I. A. Bond, W. Zhu, M. D. Albrow, Y. K. Jung, C. Han, K.-U. Hwang, Y.-H. Ryu et al.
(F. Abe, Y. Itow, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki), Spitzer microlensing of MOA-2016-BLG-231L: A counter-rotating
brown dwarf binary in the galactic disk. Astrophys. J., 871(2), 179, Feb. 1, 2019 (10.3847/1538-4357/aaf861).
Deng, Y., S. Kagami, S. Ogawa, K. Kawana, T. Nakayama, R. Kubodera, K. Adachi, T. Hussein, Y. Miyazaki, and
M. Mochida, Hygroscopicity of organic aerosols and their contributions to CCN concentrations over a midlatitude
forest in Japan. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 123(17), 9703–9723, Sep. 16, 2018 (10.1029/2017JD027292).
Enami, M., J.-I. Kimura, M. Tsuboi, Y. Kouketsu, T. Nagaya, and S. Huang, Coexisting different types of zoned garnet inkyanite-quartz eclogites from the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt: Evidence of deformation-induced lithologicalmixing during prograde metamorphism. Isl. Arc., 28(1), e12274, Jan. 2019 (10.1111/iar.12274).
Engebretson, M., J. Posch, D. Braun, W. Li, Q. Ma, A. Kellerman, C.-L. Huang, S. Kanekal, C. Kletzing, J. Wygant et al.
(K. Shiokawa), EMIC wave events during the four GEM QARBM challenge intervals. J. Geophys. Res. Space
Physics, 123(8), 6394–6423, Aug. 16, 2018 (10.1029/2018JA025505).
Exner, W., D. Heyner, L. Liuzzo, U. Motschmann, D. Shiota, K. Kusano, and T. Shibayama, Coronal mass ejection hits
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M. R. Collier et al. (Y. Miyoshi), Imaging plasma density structures in the soft x-rays generated by solar wind charge
exchange with neutrals. Space Sci. Rev., 214(4), 79, Jun 2018 (10.1007/s11214-018-0504-7).
Siswanto, E., Y. Xu, and J. Ishizaka, A rare dispersion of low-salinity, high-Gelbstoff, high-primary production water in the
East China Sea during the summer of 2010: Possible influence of the ENSO. J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 123(4),2757–2767, Apr. 2018 (10.1002/2017JC013319).
Sivavaraprasad, G., D. V. Ratnam, and Y. Otsuka, Multicomponent Analysis of Ionospheric Scintillation Effects Using the
Synchrosqueezing Technique for Monitoring and Mitigating their Impact on GNSS Signals. J. Navig., in press(10.1017/S0373463318000929).
Skrzypek, E., T. Kato, T. Kawakami, S. Sakata, K. Hattori, T. Hirata, and T. Ikeda, Monazite behaviour and time-scale ofmetamorphic processes along a low-pressure/ high-temperature field gradient (Ryoke belt, SW Japan). J. Petrol.,59(6), 1109‒1144, Jun. 2018 (10.1093/petrology/egy056).
Sokol, J. M., M. Bzowski, and M. Tokumaru, Interstellar neutral gas species and their pickup ions inside the heliospherictermination shock. Ionization rates for H, O, Ne, and He. Astrophys. J., 872(1), 57, Feb. 11, 2019(10.3847/1538-4357/aafdaf).
Sugita, S., N. Kawai, S. Nakahira, H. Negoro, M. Serino, T. Mihara, K. Yamaoka, and M. Nakajima, MAXI upper limits of theelectromagnetic counterpart of GW170817. Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan, 70(4), 81, Aug. 2018 (10.1093/pasj/psy076).
Sukigara, C., Y. Mino, H. Kawakami, M. C. Honda, T. Fujiki, K. Matsumoto, M. Wakita, and T. Saino, Sinking dynamics ofparticulate matter in the subarctic and subtropical regions of the western North Pacific. Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top.
Stud. Oceanogr., 144, 17–27, Feb, 2019 (10.1016/j.dsr.2018.11.004).
Suzuki, D., D. P. Bennett, A. Udalski, I. A. Bond, T. Sumi, C. Han, H.-I. Kim, F. Abe, Y. Asakura, R. K. Barry et al. (Y. Itow,
K. Masuda, Y. Matsubara, Y. Muraki, H. Oyokawa), A likely detection of a two-planet system in a
low-magnification microlensing event. Astron. J., 155(6), 263, Jun. 2018 (10.3847/1538-3881/aabd7a).
Tadokoro, H., Y. Miyoshi, H. Yamagishi, H. Miyaoka, Y. Tanaka, and Y. Katoh, Whistler mode waves and related energetic
electron precipitations in the planetary magnetospheres. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Planetary
Science 2012, 93–102, Jan. 2019 (10.5047/pisps.093).
Taguchi, T., M. Enami, and Y. Kouketsu, Metamorphic record of the Asemi-gawa eclogite unit in the Sanbagawa belt,
southwest Japan: Constraints from inclusions study in garnet porphyroblasts. J. Metamorph. Geol, 37(2), 181–201,
Feb. 2019 (10.1111/jmg.12456).
Taguchi, T., A. Miyake, M. Enami, and Y. Igami, Significance of an amorphous SiO2 phase in a pseudomorph after coesite
enclosed in garnet from ultrahigh-pressure eclogite, Su–Lu Belt, eastern China. J. Metamorph. Geol., 36(7), 843–
854, Sep. 2018 (10.1111/jmg.12315).
Taguchi, T., Y. Igami, A. Miyake, and M. Enami, Factors affecting preservation of coesite in ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research879. Publications and Presentations

rocks: Insights from TEM observations of dislocations within kyanite, J. Metamorph. Geol., in press(10.1111/jmg.12470).
Tajima, H., S. Watanabe, Y. Fukazawa, R. Blandford, T. Enoto, A. Goldwurm, K. Hagino, K. Hayashi, Y. Ichinohe, J. Kataoka
et al. (K. Yamaoka), Design and performance of Soft Gamma-ray Detector onboard the Hitomi (ASTRO-H)
satellite. J. Astron. Telesc. Instrum. Syst., 4(2), 021411, Apr. 2018 (10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021411).
Takagi, Y., K. Shiokawa, Y. Otsuka, M. Connors, and I. Schofield, Statistical analysis of SAR arc detachment from the main
oval based on 11-Year, all-sky imaging observation at Athabasca, Canada. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(21), 11539–
11546, Nov. 16, 2018 (10.1029/2018GL079615).
Takahashi, H., C. M. Wrasse, C. A. O. B. Figueiredo, D. Barros, M. A. Abdu, Y. Otsuka, and K. Shiokawa, Equatorial plasma
bubble seeding by MSTIDs in the ionosphere. Prog. Earth. Planet. Sci., 5(1), 32, Dec. 2018(10.1186/s40645-018-0189-2).
Takahashi, K., R. E. Denton, T. Motoba, A. Matsuoka, Y. Kasaba, Y. Kasahara, M. Teramoto, M. Shoji, N. Takahashi,
Y. Miyoshi et al., Impulsively excitednightside ultralow frequency wavessimultaneously observed on and off themagnetic equator. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(16), 7918–7926, Aug. 28, 2018 (10.1029/2018GL078731).
Takahashi, N., T. Ushio, K. Nakagawa, F. Mizutani, K. Iwanami, A. Yamaji, T. Kawagoe, M. Osada, T. Ohta, and
M. Kawasaki, Development of multi-parameter phased array weather radar (MP-PAWR) and the early
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2019 (10.20965/jdr.2019.p0235).
Takahashi, N., K. Seki, M. Teramoto, M.-C. Fok, Y. Zheng, A. Matsuoka, N. Higashio, K. Shiokawa, D. Baishev,
A. Yoshikawa, and T. Nagatsuma, Global distribution of ULF waves during magnetic storms: Comparison of Arase,
ground observations and BATSRUS+CRCM simulation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(18), 9390–9397, Aep. 28, 2018(10.1029/2018GL078857).
Takahashi, T., M. Kokubun, K. Mitsuda, R. L. Kelley, T. Ohashi, F. Aharonian, H. Akamatsu, F. Akimoto, S. W. Allen,
N. Anabuki et al. (H. Tajima, K. Yamaoka), Hitomi (ASTRO-H) X-ray Astronomy Satellite. J. Astron. Telesc.
Instrum. Syst., 4(2), 021402, Apr. 2018 (10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021402).
Tanabe, Y., M. Hori, A. N. Mizuno, T. Osono, M. Uchida, S. Kudoh, and M. Yamamuro, Light quality determines primary
production in nutrient-poor small lakes. Sci Rep., 9, 4639, Mar. 15, 2019 (10.1038/s41598-019-41003-9).
Teh, W.-L., T. Nakamura, R. Nakamura, and T. Umeda, Oblique ion‐scale magnetotail flux ropes generated by secondary
tearing modes. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 123(10), 8122–8130, Oct. 8, 2018 (10.1029/2018JA025775).
Terauchi, G., E. D. R. Maúre, Z. Yu, Z. Wu, C. Lee, V. Kachur, and J. Ishizaka, Assessment of eutrophication using remotelysensed chlorophyll-a in the Northwest Pacific region. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for OpticalEngineering, 10788, 107780H, Oct. 24, 2018 (10.1117/12.2324641).
Tobo, Y., K. Adachi, P. J. DeMott, T. C. J. Hill, D. S. Hamilton, N. M. Mahowald, N. Nagatsuka, S. Ohata, J. Uetake, Y. Kondo,
and M. Koike, Glacially sourced dust as a potentially significant source of ice nucleating particles. Nat. Geosci., inpress (10.1038/s41561-019-0314-x).
Toda, H., W. Miyake, Y. Miyoshi, H. Toyota, Y. Miyazawa, I. Shinohara, and A. Matsuoka, Spatial distribution of radiation belt
protons deduced from solar cell degradation of the Arase satellite. International Journal of Astronomy andAstrophysics, 8(4), 306–322, Nov. 14, 2018 (10.4236/ijaa.2018.84022).
Toda, M., T. Nakai, Y. Kodama, and T. Hara, Using digital cover photography to track the canopy recovery process following atyphoon disturbance in a cool–temperate deciduous forest. Can. J. For. Res., 48(7), 740–748, Jul. 2018(10.1139/cjfr-2018-0005).
Tokumaru, M., T. Shimoyama, K. Fujiki, and K. Hakamada, Rarefaction of the very slow (<350 km/s) solar wind in Cycle 24compared with Cycle 23. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 123(4), 2520–2534, Apr. 26, 2018(10.1002/2017JA025014).

88

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Publications and Presentations

Tozuka, T., S. Ohishi, and M. F. Cronin, A metric for surface heat flux effect on horizontal sea surface temperature gradients.
Clim. Dyn., 51(1–2), 547–561, Jul. 2018 (10.1007/s00382-017-3940-2).
Tsuchiya, F., A. Hirai, T. Obara, H. Misawa, S. Kurita, Y. Miyoshi, K. Shiokawa, M. Connors, M. Ozaki, Y. Kasahara et al.
(M. Shoji), Energetic electron precipitation associated with pulsating aurora observed by VLF radio propagation during
the recovery phase of asubstorm on 27 March 2017. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(23), 12651–12660, Dec. 16, 2018(10.1029/2018GL080222).
Tsuchiya, S., K. Shiokawa, H. Fujinami, Y. Otsuka, T. Nakamura, and M. Yamamoto, Statistical analysis of the phasevelocity distribution of mesospheric and ionospheric waves observed in airglow images over a 16-year period:
comparison between Rikubetsu and Shigaraki, Japan. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 123(8), 6930–6947, Aug. 25,
2018 (10.1029/2018JA025585).
Tsuda, T. T., M. T. Rietveld, M. J. Kosch, S. Oyama, Y. Ogawa, K. Hosokawa, S. Nozawa, T. Kawabata, and A. Mizuno,
Survey of conditions for artificial aurora experiments by the second electron gyro-harmonic at EISCAT Tromsø
using dynasonde data. Earth Planets Space, 70, 94, Jun. 6, 2018 (10.1186/s40623-018-0864-y).
Tsugawa, T., M. Nishioka, M. Ishii, K. Hozumi, S. Saito, A. Shinbori, Y. Otsuka, A. Saito, S. M. Buhari, M. Abdullah, and
P. Supnithi, Total electron content observations by dense regional and worldwide international networks of GNSS.
Journal of Disaster Research, 13(3), 535–545, Jun. 2018 (10.20965/jdr.2018.p0535).
Umeda, T., A three-step Boris integrator for Lorentz force equation of charged particles. Comput. Phys. Commun., 228, 1‒4,
Jul. 2018 (10.1016/j.cpc.2018.03.019).
Umeda, T., Multi-step Boris rotation schemes for Lorentz force equation of charged particles. Comput. Phys. Commun., inpress (10.1016/j.cpc.2018.11.001).
Umeda T., and Y. Daicho, Periodic self-reformation of rippled perpendicular collisionless shocks in two dimensions. Ann.
Geophysicae, 36(4), 1047–1055, Aug. 2018 (10.5194/angeo-36-1047-2018).
Umeda, T., and T. K. M. Nakamura, Electromagnetic linear dispersion relation for plasma with a drift across magnetic fieldrevisited. Phys. Plasmas, 25(10), 102109, Oct. 12, 2018 (10.1063/1.5050542).
Umeda, T., S. Saito, and Y. Nariyuki, Decay of nonlinear whistler mode waves: 1D versus 2D. Phys. Plasmas, 25(7), 072118,
Jul. 2018 (10.1063/1.5031483).
Umeda, T., and K. Fukazawa, Performance comparison of Eulerian kinetic Vlasov code between Xeon Phi KNL and Xeon
Broadwell. 19th Asia Simulation Conference, AsiaSim 2018, Proceedings: Methods and Applications for Modelingand Simulation of Complex Systems/Communications in Computer and Information Science, 946, 143–150, Oct. 18,
2018 (10.1007/978-981-13-2853-4_12).
Umeda, T., R. Yamazaki, Y. Ohira, N. Ishizaka, S. Kakuchi, Y. Kuramitsu, S. Matsukiyo, I. Miyata, T. Morita, Y. Sakawa et al,
Full particle-in-cell simulation of the interaction between two plasmas for laboratory experiments on the generationof magnetized collisionless shocks with high-power lasers. Phys. Plasmas, 26(3), 032303, Mar 2019(10.1063/1.5079906).
Vichare, G., N. Thomas, K. Shiokawa, A. Bhaskar, and A. Kumar Sinha, Spatial gradients in geomagnetic storm-time currents
observed by Swarm multi-spacecraft mission. J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 124(2), 982–995, Feb. 2019(10.1029/2018JA025692).
Wada, A., S. Kanada, and H. Yamada, Effect of air-sea environme ntalconditions and interfacial processes onextremely intense
Typhoon Haiyan (2013). J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 123, 10379–10405, Sep. 27, 2018 (10.1029/2017JD028139).
Wada, R., Y. Sadanaga, S. Kato, N. Katsumi, H. Okochi, Y. Iwamoto, K. Miura, H. Kobayashi, M. Kamogawa, J. Matsumoto etal. (Y. Matsumi), Development of an analytical method for the detection of NOz and its application to theatmosphericanalysisatamountainsite.

Bunseki

Kagaku,67(6),

333–340,

Jun.

5,

2018

(10.2116/bunsekikagaku.67.333).
Wan, L., K. Abe, C. Bronner, Y. Hayato, M. Ikeda, K. Iyogi, J. Kameda, Y. Kato, Y. Kishimoto, Ll. Marti et al. (Y. Itow,

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research899. Publications and Presentations

M. Murase), Measurement of the neutrino-oxygen neutral-current quasielastic cross section using atmospheric
neutrinos at Super-Kamiokande. Phys. Rev. D, 99(3), 032005, Feb. 15, 2019 (10.1103/PhysRevD.99.032005).
Wang, C.-C., G. T.-J. Chen, C.-H. Ngai, and K. Tsuboki, Case study of a morning convective rainfall event over southwestern
Taiwan in the mei-yu season under weak synoptic conditions. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan, 96(5), 461–484, Oct.11, 2018(10.2151/jmsj.2018-051).
Wei, Z., X. Lee, F. Aemisegger, M. Benetti, M. Berkelhammer, M. Casado, K. Caylor, E. Christner, C. Dyroff, O. García et al.
(N. Kurita), A global database of water vapor isotopes measured with high temporal resolution infrared laser
spectroscopy. Sci. Data, 6, 180302, Jan. 22, 2019 (10.1038/sdata.2018.302).
Woods, M. M., S. Inoue, L. K. Harra, S. A. Matthews, K. Kusano, and N. M. E. Kalmoni, The triggering of the 2014 March
29 filament eruption. Astrophys. J., 860(2), 163, Jun. 25, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aac5e1).
Xu, Q., C. Sukigara, J. I. Goes, H. d. R. Gomes, Y. Zhu, S. Wang, A. Shen, E. R. Maúre, T. Matsuno, Y. Watanabe, S. Yoo,and J. Ishizaka, Interannual changes in summer phytoplankton community composition in relation to water mass
variability in the East China Sea. J. Oceanogr., 75(1), 61–79, Feb. 2019 (10.1007/s10872-018-0484-y).
Yamaguchi, J., Y. Kanno, G. Chen, and T. Iwasaki, Cold air mass analysis of the record-breaking cold surge event over East
Asia in January 2016. J. Meteorol. Soc. Japan., 97(1), 275–293, Feb. 9, 2019 (10.2151/jmsj.2019-015).
Yamakawa, T., K. Seki, T. Amano, N. Takahashi, and Y. Miyoshi, Excitation of storm-time Pc5 ULF waves by ring current ions
based

on

the

drift-kinetic

simulation.

Geophys.

Res.

Lett.,

46(4),

1911–1918,

Feb.

28,

2019

(10.1029/2018GL081573).
Yamamoto, K., S. Oimatsu, M. Nosé, A. Matsuoka, M. Teramoto, and S. Imajo, DC component of spacecraft-origin magnetic
field noise at the Arase/MGF sensor: (1) Evaluation with Tsyganenko 89 model. JAXA Research and Development
Report, JAXA-RR-18-005E, 23–28, Mar. 7, 2019 (10.20637/JAXA-RR-18-005E/0004).
Yamamoto, K., K. Furukawa, N. Takahashi, T. Kubota, R. Oki, and K. Kanemaru, Analysis of the GPM/DPR wide swath
experiment assuming future spaceborne precipitation radar. Proceedings of SPIE, 10785, 107850O, Sep. 25, 2018(10.1117/12.2325273).
Yamamoto, K., M. Nosé, S. Kasahara, S. Yokota, K. Keika, A. Matsuoka, M. Teramoto, K. Takahashi, S. Oimatsu, R. Nomura
et al. (Y. Miyoshi), Giant pulsations excited by a steep earthward gradient of proton phase space density: Araseobservation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(14), 6773–6781, Jul. 28, 2018 (10.1029/2018GL078293).
Yamamoto, M., Y. Otsuka, H. Jin, and Y. Miyoshi, Relationship between day-to-day variability of equatorial plasma bubble
activity from GPS scintillation and atmospheric properties from GAIA assimilation. Prog. Earth Planet Sci., 5(1), 26,
Dec. 2018 (10.1186/s40645-018-0184-7).
Yamaoka, K., H. Tajima, Y. Itow, H. Fujii, Y. Nakanishi, Y. Kamei, T. Yamakawa, T. Niwa, I. Okui, K. Miyata, andT. Inamori, Solar neutron and gamma-ray spectrometer for a small satellite. Proceedings of SPIE, 10762, 107620J,
Sep. 18, 2018 (10.1117/12.2323451).
Yang, M. M., J. Ishizaka, J. I. Goes, H. d. R. Gomes, E. R. Maúre, M. Hayashi, T. Katano, N. Fujii, K. Saitoh, T. Mine et al.
(A. Mizuno), Improved MODIS-Aqua chlorophyll-a retrievals in the turbid semi-enclosed Ariake Bay, Japan.
Remote Sens., 10(9), 1335, Sep. 2018 (10.3390/rs10091335).
Ye Kyaw Thu, and M. Enami, Evolution of metamorphic fluid recorded in granulite facies metacarbonate rocks from the
middle segment of the Mogok metamorphic belt in central Myanmar. J. Metamorph. Geol., 36(7), 905–931, Sep.
2018 (10.1111/jmg.12419).
Yokoyama, T., M. Shimojo, T. J. Okamoto, and H. Iijima, ALMA observations of the solar chromosphere on the polar limb.
Astrophys. J., 863(1), 96, Aug. 14, 2018 (10.3847/1538-4357/aad27e).
Yoshida, H., Y. Asahara, K. Yamamoto, N. Katsuta, M. Minami, and R. Metcalfe, 87Sr/86Sr age determination by rapidly
formed spherical carbonate concretions. Sci Rep., 9, 1003, Jan. 30, 2019 (10.1038/s41598-019-38593-9).
Yoshida, H., K. Yamamoto, M. Minami, N. Katsuta, S.-I. Sirono, and R. Metcalfe, Generalized conditions of spherical

90

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Publications and Presentations

carbonate concretion formation around decaying organic matter in early diagenesis. Sci Rep., 8, 6308, Apr. 20, 2018(10.1038/s41598-018-24205-5).
Yoshida, H., H. Hasegawa, N. Katsuta, I. Maruyama, S. Sirono, M. Minami, Y. Asahara, S. Nishimoto, Y. Yamaguchi,
N. Ichinnorov, and R. Metcalfe, Fe-oxide concretions formed by interacting carbonate and acidic waters on Earthand Mars. Sci. Adv., 4(12), eaau0872, Dec. 5, 2018 (10.1126/sciadv.aau0872).
Zenitani, S., and T. Umeda, On the Boris solver in particle-in-cell simulation. Phys. Plasmas, 25(11), 112110, Nov. 16, 2018(10.1063/1.5051077).
Zhang, H., S. Wang, Z. Qiu, D. Sun, J. Ishizaka, S. Sun, and Y. He, Phytoplankton size class in the East China Sea derived
from MODIS satellite data. Biogeosciences, 15(13), 4271–4289, Jul. 13, 2018 (10.5194/bg-15-4271-2018).
Zorn, J., R. White, J. J. Watson, T. P. Armstrong, A. Balzer, M. Barcelo, D. Berge, R. Bose, A. M. Brown, M. Bryan et al.
(A. Okumura, H. Tajima), Characterisation and testing of CHEC-M—A camera prototype for the small-sized
telescopes of the Cherenkov telescope array. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect.
Assoc. Equip., 904, 44–63, Oct. 1, 2018 (10.1016/j.nima.2018.06.078).

Books (April 2018‒March 2019)
Ishizaka, Joji, and K. Yamada, Phytoplankton and Primary Production in the Japan Sea, Remote

Sensing

of

the

Asian

Seas, 177–189, edited by V. Barale, and M. Gade, 565pp, Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, Sep. 7,
2018 (ISBN978-3-319-94065-6).
Three more books were published in Japanese.

Publication of Proceedings (April 2018‒March 2019)
Title
The Nagoya University Bulletin of Chronological Research, vol.3

Date of Publication
Mar. 31, 2019

One more book was published in Japanese.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research91

9. Publications and Presentations

Conference Presentations (April 2018–March 2019) International Conferences
Title＊Session Conveners

Country/
RegionNumber of Presentations
Date

Organizers

Staffsand PDsStudents

Total

InvitedEuropean Geosciences Union General Assembly

Vienna, Austria

Apr. 8–13, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

33th Conference on Hurricanes and TropicalMeteorology

Florida, USA

Apr.16–20, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

EISCAT_3D User Meeting 2018

Uppsala, Sweden

May 8–9, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

14th International Workshop on Greenhouse Gas
Measurements from Space (IWGGMS-14)

Toronto, Canada

May 8–10, 2018

0

0

1

1

0

The 3rd PSTEP International Symposium (PSTEP-3)“Toward the Solar-Terrestrial Environment Prediction
as Science and Social Infrastructure”

Tokyo, JapanMay 16–18, 2018

2

9

0

9

2

20th International Symposium on Very High Energy
Nagoya, Japan
Cosmic Ray Interactions (ISVHECRI 2018)

May 21–25, 2018

4

3

2

5

1

12th International Conference on High Energy Density
Kurashiki, Japan
Laboratory Astrophysics (HEDLA)May 27–Jun. 1, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

2nd URSI Atlantic Radio Science Conference(URSI AT-RASC 2018)

Gran Canaria, Spain

May 28–Jun. 1, 2018

0

5

0

5

1

AOGS 2018

Hawaii, USA

Jun. 3–8, 2018

6＊

14

3

17

5

SuperDARN 2018 Workshop

Banyuls-sur-Mer, France

Jun. 4–8, 2018

0

3

0

3

0

19th International Science Team Meeting (GHRSST
Darmstadt, Germany
XIX)

Jun. 4–8, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

7th International HEPPA-SOLARIS Workshop

Virginia, USA

Jun. 11–14, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

International Conference on the Advancement of
Silicon Photomultipliers

Schwetzingen, Germany

Jun.11–15, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

NDACC-IRWG and TCCON Annual Meeting 2018

Cocoyoc, Mexico

Jun.11–15, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

Planetary Atmospheric Erosion Europlanet Workshop
2018

Murighiol, Romania

Jun.11–15, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

The 23rd International Radiocarbon Conference

Trondheim, Norway

Jun.17–22, 2018

0

5

0

5

1

17th RHESSI workshop

Dublin, IrelandJun.18–23, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

10th International Workshop on Modeling the Ocean(IWMO2018)

Santos, Brazil

Jun.25–28, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

ASTRONUM-2018: 13th International Meeting on
Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows

Florida, USA

Jun.25–29, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

The 10th European Conference on Radar in
Meteorology and Hydrology (ERAD2018)

Ede, Netherland

Jul. 1–6, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

The Joint WCRP Grand Challengeon Weather andClimate Extremes/GEWEX Global Data and Analysis
Panel workshop on Precipitation Extremes

Offenbach, Germany

Jul. 9–11, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

15th Conference on Cloud Physics/15th Conference on
Vancouver, Canada
Atmospheric Radiation

Jul. 9–13, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

The Fourteenth Edition of the Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Toronto, Canada
Symposium (STP14)Jul. 9–13, 2018

0

4

1

5

1

The 8th Space Weather Conference

Seoul, Korea

Jul. 10–11, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

42nd COSPAR Scientific Assembly

California, USA

Jul. 14–22, 2018

0

12

2

14

9

92

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Publications and Presentations

Number of Presentations

Country/
Region

Title

Date

Organizers

Staffsand PDsStudents

Total

Invited2018 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing
Symposium (IGARSS)

Valencia, Spain

Jul. 22–27, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

NOEMA/30m Workshop

Tokyo, Japan

Jul. 24–25, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

8th East-Asia School and Workshop on Laboratory,
Space, and Astrophysical Plasmas

Daejeon, Korea

Jul. 30–Aug. 3, 2018

1

2

0

2

2

HAO Summer Workshop “Model Coupling and Data
Colorado, USA
Driven Simulations of Solar Eruptions”

Aug. 13–16, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

45th Annual European Meeting on AtmosphericStudies by Optical Methods (45AM)

Kiruna, Sweden

Aug. 27–31, 2018

0

2

0

2

1

10th International Aerosol Conference (IAC 2018)

Missouri, USA

Sep. 2–7, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

MR2018New Jersey, USA

Sep. 4–8, 2018

0

1

1

2

2

13th International Symposium for Space Simulations(ISSS-13)

California, USA

Sep. 6–14, 2018

1

1

0

1

0

Hinode-12

Granada, Spain

Sep. 10–13, 2018

0

2

1

3

1

4th International Workshop on Heterogeneous Kinetics
Takamatsu, Japan
Related to Atmospheric Aerosols

Sep. 24, 2018

1

0

0

0

0

2018 joint 14th iCACGP Quadrennial
Symposium/15th IGAC Science Conference

Takamatsu, Japan

Sep. 25–29, 2018

1

3

1

4

0

Stratosphere-troposphere Processes And their Role in
Climate (SPARC) 2018 General Assembly

Kyoto, Japan

Oct. 1–5, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

2nd Nordic Observatory Meeting

Abisko, Sweden

Oct. 2–3, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

ISEE International workshop “Extreme solar events:
How hostile can the Sun be?”Nagoya, Japan

Oct. 2–6, 2018

1

2

0

2

1

Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays 2018

Paris, France

Oct. 8–12, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

The extreme Universe viewed in very-high-energy
gamma rays 2018

La Palma, Spain

Oct. 12, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

Eighth International Fermi Symposium

Maryland, USA

Oct. 14–19, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

The Workshop on Solar Radio and IPS Data Analysis

Inner Mongolia, China

Oct. 15–18, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

15th International Symposium on Equatorial
Aeronomy (ISEA-15)

Ahmedabad, India

Oct. 22–26, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

11th GEOSS Asia-Pacific Symposium

Kyoto, Japan

Oct. 24–26, 2018

0

2

0

2

2

18th Asia Simulation Conference (AsiaSim2018)

Kyoto, Japan

Oct. 27–29, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

2018 Korean Meteorological Society Autumn Meeting

Jeju, Korea

Oct. 29–31, 2018

0

0

1

1

0

2018 Solar Dynamics Observatory Workshop

Ghent, Belgium

Oct. 29–Nov. 2, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

International School for AstroParticle Physics 2018Geneve, Switzerland
LHC meets Cosmic Rays

Oct. 29–Nov. 2, 2018

0

1

2

3

1

2nd International Symposium “Ocean Mixing Processes:
Kashiwa, Japan
Impact on Biogeochemistry, Climate and Ecosystem”

Nov. 4, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

International(IWGI2018)

Shianghai, China

Nov. 4–6, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

9th Workshop of the International Precipitation
Working Group (IPWG)

Seol, Korea

Nov. 5–9, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

ISEE Internaional Workshop “Data-Driven Models of the
Solar Progenitors of Space Weather and Space Climate”

Nagoya, Japan

Nov. 6–9, 2018

1

0

0

0

0

3rd Korea-Japan Joint Workshop on Iotope-Ratio Mass
Daejeon, Korea
Spectrometry

Nov. 8–10, 2018

1*

2

0

2

0

Workshopon

GNSS

Ionosphere

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research939. Publications and Presentations

Title
International Workshop on Data Science 2018
- Present & Future of Open Data & Open Science -Country/
RegionOrganizers

Staffsand PDsStudents

Total

InvitedNov. 12–15, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

THE 11TH annual ACRE meeting, ACRE Japan,
ACRE SE Asia-2, ACRE China-3, and C3S data Tokyo, Japan
rescue service (DRS) workshops

Nov. 12–16, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma Physics(AAPPS-DPP2018)

Kanazawa, Japan

Nov. 12–17, 2018

0

3

0

3

0

8th International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear
Physics

Tsukuba, Japan

Nov. 13–17, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

Workshop on Interstellar Matter 2018

Sapporo, Japan

Nov. 14–16, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

ISSI-BJ Forum on “The Next Scientific Program of
SCOSTEP

Beijing, China

Nov. 14–16, 2018

0

2

0

2

1

The Second annual symposium of the innovative area
Kyoto, Japan“Gravitational Wave Physics and Astronomy: Genesis”

Nov. 26–28, 2018

0

1

1

2

0

2018 GEWEX Data and Analysis Panel (GDAP)
Lisboa, Portugal
MeetingNov. 26–29, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

5th International Workshop on New Photon-Detectors

Tokyo, Japan

Nov. 27–29, 2018

1

1

2

3

0

MWA project meeting

Naogoya, Japan

Dec. 3, 2018

0

1

0

1

1

The 6th Asian / 15th Korea-Japan Workshop on Ocean
Yokohama, Japan
Color (6th AWOC/ 15th KJWOC)

Dec. 3–5, 2018

0

2

6

8

0

Science at Low Frequency V (SALF V) at Nagoya

Nagoya, Japan

Dec. 4–6, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

The Ninth Symposium on Polar Science

Tokyo, Japan

Dec. 4–7, 2018

0

4

1

5

0

Partnership between Norway and Japan for excellent
Education and Research in Weather and Climate
Dynamics (NORPAN) Workshop on Air-Sea
Interaction Processes

Bergen, Norway

Dec. 5–7, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

AGU fall meeting 2018

California, USA

Dec. 10–14, 2018

2*

19

8

27

2

19th East Aisa Sub-mm-wave Receiver Technology
Nishinomiya, Japan
WorkshopDec. 11–13, 2018

1

1

1

2

0

East Asian ALMA Development Workshop 2018

Sakai, Japan

Dec. 14–15, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

PaleoAsia International Workshop 2018

Kyoto, Japan

Dec. 16–18, 2018

0

2

0

2

0

East Asian ALMA Science Workshop 2018

Osaka, Japan

Dec. 17–19, 2018

0

1

0

1

0

International workshop on “extreme severe storms anddisaster mitigation strategies”

Bandarsindri, India

Dec. 24–26, 2018

0

1

1

2

0

Observatory Days 2019

Sodankyla, FinlandJan. 9–11, 2019

0

1

1

2

0

The Joint PI Meeting of JAXA Earth Observation
Missions FY2018

Tokyo, Japan

Jan. 21–25, 2019

0

1

0

1

0

23rd International Microlensing Conference

New York, USA

Jan. 28–30, 2019

0

1

0

1

0

Chapman Conference on Scientific Challenges
Pertaining to Space Weather Forecasting Including
Extremes

California, USA

Feb.11–15, 2019

1

2

0

2

1

NORPAN Closing Workshop

Hakone, Japan

Feb.12–15, 2019

0

1

0

1

0

The 10th International workshop on Very High Energy
Kashiwa, Japan
Particle Astronomy (VHEPA2019)Feb.18–20, 2019

0

1

0

1

1

The 4th KMI international Symposium

Feb.18–20, 2019

1

1

1

2

0

94

Mishima, Japan

Number of Presentations
Date

Nagoya, Japan

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9. Publications and Presentations

Number of Presentations

Country/
Region

Title

Date

Organizers

Staffsand PDsStudents

Total

Invited

Max-Planck/Princeton Center for Plasma Physics
Tokyo, Japan(MPPC) Workshop 2019Feb.18–21, 2019

0

1

0

1

1

Symposium on Planetary Science 2019

Sendai, Japan

Feb.18–21, 2019

2

2

0

2

1

15th Vienna Conference on Instrumentation

Vienna, Austria

Feb.18–22, 2019

1

0

0

0

0

PSTEP A04 International Workshop

Kyoto, Japan

Feb.19–20, 2019

0

1

0

1

1

ASLO 2019 Aquatic Science Meeting

San Juan, Puerto Rico

Feb. 23–Mar. 2, 2019

0

1

0

1

0

IBS brainstorm meeting

Muju, Korea

Feb. 25–26, 2019

0

1

0

1

1

Recent progress in heliospheric physics by direct
measurements of unexplored space plasmas

Nagoya, Japan

Feb. 25–28, 2019

2

3

0

3

1

4th International Joint Workshop on
Computationally-Intensive Modelling of the Climate
System and 9th OFES International Workshop

Kasuga, Japan

Feb. 28–Mar. 1, 2019

0

4

1

5

0

Conference on Mesoscale Convective System andHigh Impact Weather (ICMCS-XIII)

Naha, Japan

Mar. 6–8, 2019

2

3

2

5

1

International Workshop on Forward Physics andTsukuba, Japan
Forward Calorimeter Upgrade in ALICE

Mar. 7–9, 2019

0

1

0

1

0

2019 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference

New Delhi, Inida

Mar. 9–15, 2019

0

1

0

1

1

Mesospheric Dust – Project Meeting

Tromsö, Norway

Mar. 14–15, 2019

0

2

0

2

0

Flux Emergence Workshop 2019

Tokyo, Japan

Mar. 18–22, 2019

0

3

0

3

0

20th Pacific Asian Marginal Seas (PAMS 2019)

Kaohsiung, Taiwan

Mar. 19–22, 2019

0

2

0

2

0

Workshop for Atmospheric Neutrino Production in the
Naogya, Japan
MeV to PeV range

Mar. 20–22, 2019

2

2

0

2

1

Second CEARAC Expert Meeting on Eutrophication
Assessment in the NOWPAP Region

Mar. 22, 2019

0

1

0

1

1

Mar.26–29, 2019

1

0

0

0

0

35

194

40

234

53

Vladivostok, Russia

International Workshop on Relations Between Solar
Nagoya, Japan
Evolution and Atmospheric Escape from Terrestrial Planets
Total Domestic Coferences
Number of Conferences

Organizers

100

76

Number of Presentations
Staff and PDs

Student

Total

invited

295

97

392

43

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research959. Publications and Presentations

 Lectures for Researchers
Date

Number of
Paticipants

Title

Apr. 5, 2018, May 15, 2018, Jul. 24, 2018,
Aug. 28, 2018, Spt. 26, 2018, Nov. 5, 2018,
Nov. 29, 2018, Jan. 8, 2019, Feb. 15, 2019
Mar.12, 2019

PSTEP Seminar60
a time on average

May 1, 2018, May 8, 2018, May 14,2018
Jul. 5, 2018, Oct. 3, 2018, Oct. 12, 2018,
Nov. 2, 2018, Nov. 20, 2018, Nov. 30, 2018,
Dec. 25, 2018, Jan. 8, 2019, Feb. 15, 2019,
Mar. 1, 2019

ISEE/CICR Colloquium

20
a time on average

Apr. 26, 2018, May 10, 2018, May 24, 2018,
May 31, 2018, Jun. 7, 2018

ROOT Training Workshop 2018100

Aug. 2–Aug. 10, 2018

Satellite Oceanography Training Course

31Aug. 8, 2018ISEE special seminar on"Gamma-ray emission from thunder clouds"

30

Aug. 31–Sep. 2, 2018

Meteorology Summer School 201884

Feb. 12, 2019

Joint Meeting of ISEE Technical Support Division and JAXA/ISAS
Advanced Machining Technology Group30

Mar. 14, 2019

“Australian-Japanese Comparative Analysis of Urban
Water-Food-Energy Security Nexus” MLFP project workshop

12

Mar. 15, 2019

Cloud and Precipitation Climatology Lab Guest Seminar

15

Mar. 18–22, 2019

1st International School on Equatorial Atmosphere 2019170

Mar. 26, 2019

ArCS “Study atmospheric climate forcers in the Arctic” meeting

22

Awards Staffs and PDs
Date

Apr. 17, 2018

Apr. 17, 2018

AwardsThe Young Scientists’ Prize,
The Commendation for Science andTechnology by the Minister of
Education, Culture, Sports, Science andTechnology

JSME Medal for Outstanding Paper

Award Winners

Tomoki Nakayama(now at Nagasaki University)

Research on optical properties of atmospheric fineparticles using laser spectroscopic techniques

Yoshizumi Miyoshi

A. Takeuchi, H. Fujii, A. Yamashita, M. Tanaka,
R. Kataoka, Y. Miyoshi, , et al. (2016), Aurora
3d-measurement from whole-sky time series image
using fish-eye stereo camera. Transactions of the
JSME, 82(834), 15-00428,
doi:10.1299/transjsme.15-00428
Y. Saito, M. N. Nishino, M. Fujimoto, T. Yamamoto, S.
Yokota, et al. (2012), Simultaneous observation of theelectron acceleration and ion deceleration over lunar
magnetic anomalies, Earth Planets Space, 64:4, 83–92,
doi:10.5047/eps.2011.07.011

May 21, 2018

EPS Excellent Paper Award 2017

Masaki Nishino

May 29, 2018

URSI AT-RASC 2018 Young Scientist
Award(now at JAXA)

96

Title

Shoya Matsuda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Strategy of EMIC Wave Observation by Arase/PWE
and its Initial Results

9. Publications and Presentations

DateAwardsAward Winners

Title

July 8, 2018

12th Outstanding Paper Award, Japan
Society for Scientific Studies on
Cultural Properties

Hirotaka Oda

H. Oda, and K. Nakamura (2018), Radiocarbon
dating of Ezo-nishiki silk fabrics by accelerator mass
spectrometry: Searching for the origin of the “Silk
Road of Northeast Asia”. Archaeology and naturalscience, 75, 41–58

Jul. 31, 2018

Outstanding Reviewer, Japan Society
for the Promotion of Science

Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Research Fellowships for Young Scientists

Aug. 2018

Top Reviewers of 2017

Yuichi Otsuka

Advances in Space Research

Nov.16, 2018

2nd Asia-Pacific Conference on Plasma
Physics (AAPPS-DPP2018) Poster Prize

Takayuki Umeda

T. Umeda, and Y. Wada, Non-MHD effects in the
nonlineardevelopmentoftheMHD-scale
Rayleigh-Taylor instability

Masayoshi Kojima
Nov.26, 2018

SGEPSS Frontier Award

Munetoshi Tokumaru

Development of the observation system of the global
solar wind using interplanetary scintillation

Ken’ichi FujikiJan. 9, 2019AMS Editor's Award2019

Hidenori Aiki
Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Feb. 15, 20192018 SOLA Award
Taro Shinoda

Journal of Physical Oceanography
K. Ito, et al. (2018), Analysis and forecast using
dropsonde data from the inner-core region of tropical
cyclone Lan (2017) obtained during the first aircraft
missions of T-PARCII, SOLA, 14, 105–110,
doi:10.2151/sola.2018-018

 Students
Date

May 19, 2018

AwardsYoung Scientist Award of the PhysicalSociety of Japan

Award Winners
Qidong Zhou
(Graduated in FY2017)

Title
Study of contributions of diffractive processes toforward neutral particle production in p–p collisionsat √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS-LHCf detector(published as his PhD thesis)

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9710. Education

10. Education
The Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research primarily offers graduate programs in three schools: Science,
Engineering, and Environmental Studies at Nagoya University. The institute has its own graduate course program for
Heliospheric and Geospace Physics as part of the Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science in the Graduate School of
Science. It also cooperates with the Department of Electrical Engineering through the Space Electromagnetic Environment
group in the Graduate School of Engineering and the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences as a group in the Earthand Planetary Sciences Course and the Hydrospheric–Atmospheric Sciences Course in the Graduate School of Environmental
Studies, by teaching/training graduate students in disciplines related to Space–Earth Environmental Research.
Our graduate students use various approaches and techniques, such as ground observations, fieldwork, laboratory
experiments, radioactive dating, numerical simulations and modeling, and theoretical research. Their research includes thedevelopment of satellites and balloon and aircraft instruments, as well as analysis of observational data. As this instituteconducts research that involves the analysis of data taken by the instruments inside and outside of the country and/or
collaborative research with foreign researchers, our students are active in pioneering new research fields by working withresearchers through international collaborations and conducting interdisciplinary research. Their work is published as master’sor doctoral theses in academic journals and presented at international workshops and conferences. We nurture researchers who
can apply their knowledge to benefit society and who have a broad perspective and an international mindset.

Staff association between the research divisions in the ISEE and the graduate schools

●

●

●

●

●

●

Land–Ocean
Ecosystem
Research●

ChronologicalResearchCenter for Orbitaland Suborbital
Observations●●

Ionospheric andMagnetosphericResearchCenter for International
Collaborative
Research

Oceanography●

Hydroclimatology

Atmospheric
Chemistory

Tandetron AMS

CHIMECloud andPrecipitation
Sciences

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research●●

HeliosphericResearch●●Center forIntergrated Data
Science98

Hydrospheric-Atmospheric Sciences Course
Global Water Cycle●

Cosmic-Ray
Research

Meteorological andAtmosphericResearch

Earth and Planetary
Sciences Course
Earth History Study

Meteorology●

Integrated
Studies

Information
Engineering

Electrical Engineering
Course SpaceElectromagnetic
Environment

Space
Observation

Heliospheric and Geospace Physics

Heliospheric
PlasmaPhysics (SW)

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences

Cosmic-Ray
Physics(CR)

Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science

Solar and Space
Physics - Theory(SST)

Graduate School of Environmental Studies

Department ofElectrical EngineeringandComputer Science

Space Science –Experiment(SSE)

Graduate School ofEngineering

Atmospheric andEnvironmental
Science (AM)

Graduate School of Science

●
●

●

●

●
●

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

●

●

●
●

●

●
●

●

●

●

●

●

10. Education

Number of Students Supervised by ISEE Staff(April 1, 2018–March 31, 2019)

M1

M2

D1

D2

D3

Undergraduate
Students

Non-regularstudents

Total

Graduate School of Science

14

15

4

3

10

-

1 *1

47

Graduate School of Engineering

5

8

0

1

1

-

-

15

Graduate School ofEnvironmental Studies

9

9

2

7

8

-

-

35

School of Science

-

-

-

-

-

10

-

10

School of Engineering

-

-

-

-

-

7

-

7

ISEE

-

-

-

-

-

-

1 *2

1

Total

28

32

6

11

19

17

2

115

* cumulative total in FY 2018, *1 Special Research Student, *2 Research Student

Faculty Members(April 1, 2018–March 31, 2019)

 Graduate School of Science Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science
Field/Topics

Professor

Associate Professor

Solar-Terrestrial Chemistry

Akira Mizuno

Tomoo Nagahama

Masafumi Hirahara

Satonori Nozawa

Solar-Terrestrial Relationships

Assistant Professor

Shin-ichiro Oyama

Yuichi Otsuka
Kanya Kusano

Solar-Terrestrial Physics

Lecturer

Satoshi Masuda

Yoshitaka Itow

Fumio Abe

Hiroyasu Tajima

Yutaka Matsubara

Akimasa Ieda
Akira Okumura

Hiroaki Menjo

Fusa Miyake
Munetoshi Tokumaru

Kazumasa Iwai

Ken-ichi Fujiki Graduate School of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Field/Topics
Space Electromagnetic
Environment

Professor

Associate Professor

Kazuo Shiokawa

Nozomu Nishitani

Lecturer

Assistant Professor
Taku Nakajima

Masahito Nosé
Yoshizumi Miyoshi

Takayuki Umeda

Shinsuke Imada Graduate School of Environmental Studies Department of Earth and Environmental
Field/Topics

Professor
Kazuhisa Tsuboki

Taro Shinoda

Hydrospheric-Atmospheric
Sciences Course
Global Water Cycle

Nobuhiro Takahashi

Hirohiko Masunaga

Joji Ishizaka

Hidenori Aiki

Earth and Planetary Sciences
Course Earth History Study

Masaki Enami

Takenori Kato

Hiroyuki Kitagawa

Masayo Minami

Associate Professor

Lecturer

Sho Ohata

Michihiro Mochida
Tetsuya Hiyama

Assistant Professor

Naoyuki Kurita

Hatsuki Fujinami
Yoshihisa Mino
Hirotaka Oda

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research9910. Education

Undergraduate Education
Based on demand, the faculty of the institute offers numerous undergraduate courses in the School of Science, the Schoolof Engineering, and in other departments and at other universities in the adjacent area.

 During the 2018 Academic Year, The Following Courses were Offered;

Astrophysics and Space Science

Astrophysics III

Atmospheric and Hydrospheric SciencesElectric Circuits with Exercise

Electromagnetic Wave EngineeringEnvironmental Earth Sciences (Geosphere Environmental Chemistry)

Experimental Physics

Experiments in Physics - Advanced CourseFirst Year Seminar AFirst Year Seminar BFrom the Big Bang to the Present-day Human Society

Fundamentals of Atmospheric and Hydrospheric Sciences

Geochemical Analysis II and Experiments

Geology Experiments

Introduction to Earth ScienceIntroduction to Physics I, IIIsotope Geochemistry

Laboratory in Physics

Mathematics 1 with Exercises A/BPetrologyPetrology Experiments

Physics Experiments I, II

Probability Theory and Numerical Analysis with Exercises

Science of Atmospheric-Hydrospehric EnvironmentSolar System ScienceTopics in Advanced Physics

100 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

11. International Relations

11. International Relations
Academic Exchange(28 in total)
Institution

Country/Region

Establishment

Indonesia

May 31,1988

Korean Space Weather Center

Korea

December 24, 2012

Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Ocean Satellite Center

Korea

April 17, 2014

Pukyong National University, College of Fisheries Sciences

Korea

October 2, 2006

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences

China

February 20, 2001

Polar Research Institute of China

China

November 11, 2005

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University

TaiwanOctober 30, 2009

Center for Weather Climate and Disaster Research, National Taiwan University

TaiwanSeptember 3, 2014

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Department of Physics

Bangladesh

March 4, 2008

National Institute of Water andAtmospheric Research

New Zealand

July 26, 1989

Centre for Geophysical Research, University of Auckland

New Zealand

December 7, 1992

Faculty of Science, University of Canterbury

New Zealand

July 30, 1998

Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks

U.S.A.

July 16, 1990

Space Environment Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

U.S.A.

December 15, 1992

National Geophysical Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

U.S.A.

January 5, 1993

Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

U.S.A.

October 24, 1994

U.S.A.

December 22, 1997

Center for Space Science and Engineering Research, Virginia Polytechnic Institute andState University

U.S.A.

January 23, 2013

Chacaltaya Cosmic Ray Observatory, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor de San
Andres, La Paz

Bolivia

February 20, 1992

National Institute for Space Research

BrazilMarch 5, 1997

Swedish Institute of Space Physics

SwedenSeptember 1, 2005
(since March 25, 1993)

Faculty of Science, University of Tromsø

NorwayApril 2, 2003
(since October 8, 1993)

Department of Geophysics, Finnish Meteorological Institute

FinlandOctober 21, 1994

Yerevan Physics InstituteArmenia

October 18, 1996

Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radiowave Propagation, Far Eastern Branch,
Russian Academy of Sciences

RussiaApril 14, 2007

RussiaOctober 28, 2008

Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy, Siberian Branch of theRussian Academy of Sciences

RussiaNovember 28, 2012

The Polar Geophysical Institute, Murmansk

RussiaMarch 13, 2017

Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space

Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences, University of California at San Diego.

Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Note: The List includes the academic exchanges established in the former organizations before ISEE.

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 101

11. International Relations

Research Projects
 Major International Collaborative Projects
Research Project(78 in total)

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Collaborating Organization

Study of the Onset Mechanism of Solar Eruptions

K. Kusano

Germany

University of Potsdam

Observational Study of the Onset Mechanism of Solar
Eruptions

K. Kusano

U.S.A
China

New Jersey Institute of Technology
University of Science and Technology of China

Study of Modeling of Solar Eruptions

K. Kusano

U.S.A.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Study of Triggering Mechanism of Solar Flares

K. Kusano

U.K.

UCL-Mullard Space Science Laboratory

Study of Magnetic Reconnection

K. Kusano

U.K.

University of Manchester

U.S.A.

Belgium

GSFC/NASA, Catholic University of America,
New Jersey Institute of Technology
National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese
Academy of Sciences
KASI, Seoul National University
Russian Academy of Sciences
University of Warwick
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
University of Applied Sciences and Arts
Northwestern Switzerland
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven

China
Solar Researches with Nobeyama Radioheliograph

S. Masuda

Korea
RussiaU.K.
Germany
Switzerland

Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) Project

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A.

NASA, JHUAPL

Modeling Study of Inner Magnetosphere

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A.

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Pulsating Aurora as a Manifestation of Non-Linear Wave
Particle

Y. Miyoshi

U.S.A
China
FinlandCzech

UCLA
Peking University
Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory: SGO
Czech Academy of Sciences

Collaborative study on ERG project

Y. Miyoshi

TaiwanInstitute of Astronomy and Astrophysics,
Academia Sinica

A Search for Dark Objects Using the Gravitational
Microlensing Effect

F. AbeNew Zealand
U.S.A.
U.S.A.

Study in Cosmic Neutrinos by Using a Large Water
Cherenkov Detector

Y. Itow

Canada
U.K.
Spain
Korea
China
Poland102 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

University of Auckland, University of Canterbury,
Victoria University of Wellington, Massey University
University of Maryland, NASA
Boston University, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, UCI, Duke University, George
Mason University, University of Hawaii,
Indiana University, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, University of Maryland, State
University of New York, University ofWashington
University of British Columbia, University ofToronto, TRIUMF
Queen Mary University of London, Imperial
College London, University of Liverpool,
University of Oxford, University of Sheffield
Complutense University of Madrid
Chonnam National University, Seoul National
University, Sungkyunkwan University
Tsinghua University
University of Warsaw

11. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Study in Interaction of Very High Energy Cosmic
Rays by Using Large Hadron Collider

Y. Itow

Study of Dark Matter and Solar Neutrinos Using a Liquid
Xenon Detector

Y. Itow

Italy
FranceSwitzerland
U.S.A.

University of Florence, Catania University
École Polytechnique
CERN
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Korea

Seoul National University, Sejong University,
Korea Research Institute of standards and Science

U.S.A.

Boston University, Brookhaven National
Laboratory, UCI, Duke University, George
Mason University, Indiana University,
University of Hawaii, Los Alamos National
Laboratory, University of Maryland, State
University of New York, University ofWashington
Chonnam National University, Seoul National
University, Sungkyunkwan University
Tsinghua University
Imperial College London, Lancaster University,
University of Oxford, Queen Mary University of
London, University of Sheffield, Rutherford
Appleton Laboratory
INFN Sezione di Bari, INFN Sezione di Napoli,
INFN Sezione di Padova, INFN Sezione di Roma
CEA Saclay, École Polytechnique
University of Bern, Swiss Federal Institute ofTechnology ZurichAutonomous University of Madrid
University of Warsaw
University of São Pauloand other Institutions

Korea

Research and Development for the Next Generation
Water Cherenkov Detector, Hyper-Kamiokande

China
U.K.
Y. Itow
Italy
FranceSwitzerland
Spain
PolandBrazilCanada, Russia
Portugal
Germany

Study of Dark Matter and Solar Neutrinos Using a
2-phase Liquid Xenon TPC Detector

Y. Itow

Study in Interaction of Very High Energy Cosmic
Rays by Using Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Y. Itow

Study of Solar Neutrons

Y. Matsubara

Search for Cosmic-ray Excursions in the Past bySingle-year Measurements of 14C in Tree Rings

F. MiyakeSolar Flare Research with Hard X-ray Spectral Imaging
Observations

H. Tajima

Solar Flare Research with Gamma-ray Spectral Imaging
Observations with Polarimetry

H. Tajima

Collaborating Organization

Italy
Switzerland
U.S.A
SwedenIsraelPortugal
France, UAE,
Netherlands

Max-Planck-Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität
Freiburg
INFN, Università di Bologna
University of Zurich
Columbia University, University of Chicago,
Purdue University, UCSD
Stockholms universitet
Weizmann Institute of Science
Universidade de Coimbra
and other institutions

Italy
U.S.A.

University of Florence, Catania University
Brookhaven National Laboratory

Bolivia

Switzerland
U.S.A.
MexicoResearch Institute of Physics, University of San
Andrés
Yerevan Physics Institute
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences
University of Bern
University of Hawaii
National Autonomous University of Mexico

U.S.A.
Switzerland

The University of Arizona
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology

U.S.A.

UCB, MSFC/NASA, Air Force ResearchLaboratory

U.S.A.

UCB, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
GSFC/NASA

Armenia
China

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 103

11. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region
U.S.A.

Research on Origin of Cosmic Rays with Fermi Satellite

H. Tajima

France
Italy
SwedenCollaborating Organization
Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator
Laboratory, GSFC/NASA, U.S. Naval ResearchLaboratory, UCSC, Sonoma State University
University of Washington, Purdue University,
Ohio State University, University of Denver
CENS, CNRS, École Polytechnique
INFN, Italian Space Agency, IFSIRoyal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
University

Germany

Research on Origin of Cosmic Rays with CTA(Cherenkov Telescope Array)

H. Tajima

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron,
Max-Planck-Institut, Heidelberg University
France
CENS, École Polytechnique, University of Paris
INFN, IFSI
Italy
University of Barcelona, Complutense University
Spain
University of Zürich
Switzerland
Durham University, University of Leicester,
U.K.
University of Leeds
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Argonne
U.S.A.
National Laboratory, University of Washington,
Iowa State University, UCLA, UCSC, Universityof Chicago, Smithsonian Observatory
Brazil, Argentina, and other institutions
Poland, Armenia,
Australia, Czech,
Bulgaria, Croatia,
Finland, Greece,
Sweden Slovenia,
India, Ireland,South Africa

Observations of Interplanetary Disturbances Using
the International IPS Network

M. Tokumaru

U.K.
RussiaIndia
MexicoAustralia

Study of 3-D Solar Wind Structure and Dynamics
Using Heliospheric Tomography

M. Tokumaru

U.S.A.

CASS/UCSD

Study on the Application of Interplanetary
Scintillation Observations to Space Weather Forecast

M. Tokumaru

Korea

Korean Space Weather Center

Study of the Heliospheric Boundary Region Using
Observations of Interplanetary Scintillation

M. Tokumaru

U.S.A.

Interstellar Boundary Explorer, IMAP

Ionosphere and Upper Atmosphere Research,
Observations and Monitoring

Y. Otsuka

Thailand

Chiang Mai University

Variation of the Thermosphere and Ionosphere owing to
the Energy of Atmospheric Waves

Y. Otsuka

Indonesia

LAPAN

U.S.A
Finland

Geophysical Institute/UAF
University of Oulu, Finnish Meteorological
Institute, Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory,
Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology
The Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF),
KTH Royal Institute of Technology

SDI-3D project: Development of SDI

S. Oyama
SwedenFinlandStudy of Auroral Energetic Electron Precipitation (EEP)
Impacts on the Upper/Middle Atmosphere

S. Oyama

104 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

New Zealand
U.K.
NorwayU.S.A.

LOFAR-UK
Lebedev Physical Institute
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
National Autonomous University of Mexico
Murchison Widefield Array

Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, Universityof Oulu, Finnish Meteorological Institute
University of Otago
British Antarctic Survey
University Centre in Svalbard
University of Alaska Fairbanks

11. International Relations

Research Project

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Collaborating Organization

VarSITI (Variability of the Sun and Its Terrestrial
Impact)U.S.A., France,
Germany, U.K.,
Italy, Canada,

SCOSTEPK. Shiokawa

Magnetic Conjugate Observations of Midlatitude
Thermospheric Disturbances

K. Shiokawa

Australia

Radio and Space Service/IPS

U.S.A.
CanadaUniversity of California, Augsburg College
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University
University of Calgary, Athabasca University

Brazil

INPE

RussiaInstitute of Cosmophysical Research andRadiowave Propagation, Far Eastern Branch,
Russian Academy of Sciences

Nigeria
Cote d’Ivoire

National Space Research and Development
Agency, Federal University of Technology, Akure
Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny

Russia

IKFIA/SB RAS, ISTP/SB RAS

U.S.A.

JHUAPL, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University
University of Leicester
LPC2E/CNRS
University of KwaZulu-Natal
La Trobe University
University of Saskatchewan

High-Sensitive Imaging Measurements of Airglow and
Aurora and electromagnetic waves in Canadian Arctic

K. Shiokawa

Comparison of Dynamical Variations of the Mesosphere,
Thermosphere, and Ionosphere between Asian andBrazilian Longitudes

K. Shiokawa

Ground and Satellite Measurements of Geospace
Environment in the Far-Eastern Russia

K. Shiokawa

Observations of the Equatorial Ionosphere in South-East
Asia and West Africa

K. Shiokawa

Observations of Waves and Particles in the Inner
Magnetosphere in the Siberian Region of Russia

K. Shiokawa

U.K.
FranceSouth Africa
Australia
CanadaStudy of the Polar/Midlatitude Ionosphere andMagnetosphere Using the SuparDARN HF Radar
NetworkN. Nishitani

Study of the Polar Upper Atmosphere Using the
EISCAT Radars and Other Instruments

S. Nozawa

NorwaySweden, Finland,
Germany, U.K.,
China

University of Tromsø
EISCAT Scientific Association

M. NoséAustralia
TurkeyGermany
Spain
Denmark
U.S.A.

Geoscience AustraliaBoğaziçi University
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Universitat Ramon Llull
Technical University of Denmark
United States Geological Survey (USGS)

SwedenSwedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF),
Swedish National Space Board

FranceSwedenU.K.
U.S.A.
Switzerland

CESR-CNRS, CETP-IPSL
Institute for Solar Physics of the Royal Swedish
Academy of Sciences
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Boston University
University of Bern

Derivation of substorm index from low-latitude
geomagnetic field data

Future Satellite Mission for the Terrestrial
Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere Explorations
by Formation Flight Observations and its Feasibility
Study and Collaboration of the Satellite and
Ground-Based Observations

M. Hirahara

Research and Development of the Plasma/Particle
Instrument Suite for the Mercury Magnetospheric
Exploration Mission

M. Hirahara

Study on Science Subjects and Developmental
Techniques of Observational Instruments toward FutureSpacecraft Exploration Missions for the Space-Earth
Coupling System

M. Hirahara

U.S.A.
CanadaSwedenUniversity of Colorado Boulder, UCB
University of Calgary
Swedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF)

Continuous Observation of Methane at a Paddy Field in
Northern India

Y. Matsumi

India

University of Delhi

Observation of PM2.5 in Hanoi

Y. Matsumi

VietnamHanoi University of Science and Technology

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 105

11. International Relations

Research Project
Observation of PM2.5 in Ulan Bator

ISEECollaborating
Representative Country/Region
Y. Matsumi

Study of aerosols and armospheric trace gases by using
SAVER-Net observation network in South America

A. Mizuno

High Energy Particles in Geospace: the Acceleration
Mechanism and the Role in Earth’s Climate

A. Mizuno

Source Apportionment of Organic Aerosols in Beijing
Aircraft observation of aerosols and clouds in the Arctic

Collaborating Organization

Mongolia

National University of Mongolia

Argentina

CEILAP, Servicio Meteorológico Nacional
Argentina
University of Magallanes (UMAG), Dirección
Meteorológica de Chile
University of La Frontera, Universidad Mayor de
San Andrés

Chile
Bolivia

NorwaySwedenUniversity of Colorado Boulder, UCLA,
University of Arizona
University of Tromsø
EISCAT Scientific Association

M. Mochida

China

Tianjin University

S. Ohata

Germany

Alfred Wegener Institute, Universität Leipzig

S. Ohata

NorwayU.S.A
CanadaRussiaNorwegian Polar InstituteNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Government of Canada
Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute

Global Precipitation Measurement Mission (GPM)

H. Masunaga
N. Takahashi

U.S.A.

NASA

Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission

N. Takahashi

U.S.A.

NASA

Study on tropical convective-radiative interactions

H. Masunaga

FranceLaboratoire de Meteorology Dynamique/CNRS

Study on tropical-subtropical atmospheric dynamics

H. Masunaga

U.S.A.

University of Miami

Tropical Cyclones-Pacific Asian Research Campaign for
Improvement of Intensity Estimations/Forecasts(T-PARCII)

K. Tsuboki
T. Shinoda

TaiwanNational Taiwan University Atmospheric
Sciences

Advanced Study on Precipitation Enhancement in Arid
and Semi-Arid Regions

M. Murakami

United ArabEmiratesNational Centre of Meteorology, Khalifa
University

Study of Equatorial Waves in the Atmosphere and Ocean

H. AikiGermany

GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research
Kiel

Validation of GOCI Products and Application toEnvironmental Monitoring of Japanese Coastal Waters

J. Ishizuka

Korea

Korea Institute of Ocean Science andTechnology

Korea
U.S.A.
TaiwanThailand
China
Estonia

Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology
Columbia University, East Carolina University
National Cheng Kung University
Burapha University
First Institute of Oceanography, Nanjing,
University of Science and Technology
University of Tartu

Long-term observation of black carbon aerosols in the
ArcticCollection of Validation Dataset of GCOM-C Coastal
Products

U.S.A.

J. Ishizaka

Sea Surface Nitrate and Nitrate Based New Production two innovative research products from SGLI on board
GCOM-C

J. Ishizaka

U.S.A.

Columbia University

Investigating the optical characteristics of red tides in theupper Gulf of Thailand

J. Ishizaka

Thailand

University of Burapa, Kasetsart University

Validation of ocean color products in the western North
Pacific and Japanese coastal waters：Collaboration with
JAXA GCOM-C project

J. Ishizaka

Germany

European Organisation for the Exploitation of
Meteorological Satellites

Towards a Deeper understanding of Tropical Isoscapes

N. Kurita

Australia

James Cook University, Cairn

106 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

11. International Relations

ISEE
Collaborating
Representative Country/Region

Research Project

Collaborating Organization

U.K., India,
Finland, New
Zealand, China,
Koria and others

iLEAPS/Future Earth

RussiaInstitute for Biological Problems of
Cryolithozone /SB RAS

U.S.A.

International Arctic Research Center of the
University of Alaska Fairbanks (IARC)

MongolInstitute of Geography and Geoecology of theMongolian Academy of Sciences

T. Hiyama

RussiaInstitute for Natural Science, North Eastern
Federal University

Radiocarbon dating of bronze wares excavated from
Indian archeological site

H. OdaIndia

Deccan College

Radiocarbon dating of bronze wares excavated from
Russian archeological site

H. OdaRussiaInstitute of Ethnology and Anthropology Russian
Academy of Science

Geochronological Research on the Basement Rocks inJapan and Korea

T. KatoKorea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Development of New Analytical Techniques andAccurate Quantification of Electron Microprobe Analysis

T. Kato

Korea

Pusan National University (PNU)

Climate change reconstruction of the Central Highlands
in Vietnam

H. Kitagawa

Integrated Land Ecosystem - Atmosphere Processes
Study (iLEAPS), one of the Global Research Projects(GRPs) of the Future Earth

T. Hiyama

Observational Study of Vegetation, Energy and Water in
Eastern Siberia Towards Elucidation of Climate andCarbon Cycle Changes

T. Hiyama

Arctic Challenge for Sustainability (ArCS) Project

T. Hiyama

Estimating Permafrost Groundwater age in Central
Mongolia

T. Hiyama

Study of methane flux observation in Eastern Siberia andthe obtained data analysis

VietnamIsraelInternational Continental Scientific Drilling Program Dead Sea Deep Drilling Project （ICDP-DSDDP)

H. Kitagawa

U.S.A
Germany
Switzerland

Study of Grand-Water Circulation Based on C Ages ofUnderground Water and Hot-Spring Water Samples from
Korea

M. Minami

Climate reconstruction using travertine from
Takht-e-Soleyman area in Kurdistan, Iran

M. Minami

14

Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology
Geological Survey of Israel, Hebrew Universityof Jerusalem
Columbia University, University of Minnesota
German Research Centre for Geosciences,
Max-Planck-Institute Mainz for Chemistry
Université de Genève

Korea

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral
Resources (KIGAM)

Iran

University of Kurdistan

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 107

11. International Relations

Visitors from Foreign Institutes
NameCountry/
Region(219 in total)
Affiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Mark Looper

U.S.A.

The Aerospace Corporation

Apr. 15 - 20, 2018

VisitorJianwei Lin

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Apr. 16 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Bernhard Kliem

Germany

University of Potsdam

Apr. 17 - May 3, 2018 Visitor

Antonia Savcheva

U.S.A.

Smithsonian Observatory

Apr. 18 - May 3, 2018 Visitor

Naomi Maruyama

U.S.A.

Univ. of Colorado

May 13 - 19, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Joaquim E R Costa

BrazilNational Institute for Space Research

May 13 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Felix Riehn

Portugal

Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental
May 14 - 20, 2018
de Partículas

Participant in the
Symposium

Reinhard Friedel

U.S.A.

Los Alamos National Laboratory

May 14 - 20, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Juan Americo Gonzales
Esparza

MexicoNational Autonomous University of Mexico

May 14 - 24, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sebastien Rougerie

FranceCentre National d’Études Spatiales

May 14 - 24, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Joel T Dahlin

U.S.A.

NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterMay 14 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Brett Anthony Carter

Australia

RMIT University

May 15 - 26, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Changhyu Ko

Korea

Korean Space Weather CenterMay 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Charles Lin

TaiwanNational Cheng Kung University

May 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Danny Summers

CanadaMemorial University of Newfoundland

May 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Jangsuk Choi

Korea

Korean Space Weather CenterMay 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Jiyoung Kim

Korea

Korea Meteorological Administration

May 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Marcin Marek Latocha

Austria

Seibersdorf Laboratories

May 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Suhaila Binti M Buhari

Malaysia

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

May 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Xiaoxin Zhang

China

China Meteorological Administration

May 16 - 18, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Michael Terkildsen

Australia

Bureau of Meteorology

May 16 - 24, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Gerald David Stedge

U.S.A.

Abt Associates

May 18 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Gupta Sunilkumar

India

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

May 19 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Semen Khokhlov

RussiaNRNU MEPhI

May 19 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Ke Fang

U.S.A.

University of Maryland

May 19 - 26, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Alexander Iakovlev

Kazakhstan

Nazarbayev University

May 19 - 27, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Juan Carlos
Arteaga-Velazquez

MexicoUniversidad Michoacana

May 19 - 27, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

108 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

11. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Igor Petrov

RussiaYu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Researchand Aeronomy

May 20 - 26, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Akihiko Monnai

FranceInstitut de Physique Théorique, CNRS/CEAMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Alberto Oliva

Switzerland

Centro de Investigaciones Energéti cas
Medioambientales y Tecno

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Alexander Borisov

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Alexander Lidvansky

RussiaINR RASMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Anatoli Fedynitch

Germany

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Anatoly Ivanov

RussiaShafer Institute for Cosmophysical Research andAeronomy

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Andrea Chiavassa

Italy

Università degli studi & INFN Torino

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Anton Lukyashin

RussiaNRNU MEPhI

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Artur Tkachenko

RussiaINR RASMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Bryan Pattison

Switzerland

CERN

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Cunfeng Feng

China

Shandong University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Daniel Garcia-FernandezFranceSubatechMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Daniel Biehl

Germany

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Dennis Soldin

U.S.A.

University of Delaware and Bartol Research Institute May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Dmitriy Beznosko

Kazakhstan

Nazarbayev University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Donghwa Kang

Germany

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Edison Hiroyuki Shibuya

BrazilUniversity of Campinas

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Eduardo De La Fuente
AcostaMexicoUniversidad de Guadalajara

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Eli Waxman

IsraelWeizmann InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Ervin Kafexhiu

Germany

Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Etienne Parizot

FranceAPC, University of Paris

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Fiorenza Donato

Italy

Torino University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumFrank Schroder

Germany

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumGernot Maier

Germany

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Hans Dembinski

Germany

Max-Planck-Institute for Nuclear Physics

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Hermes Leon Vargas

MexicoNational Autonomous University of Mexico

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Il Park

Korea

Sungkyunkwan University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 109

11. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Janusz Kempa

PolandWarsaw University of Technology

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Javier Gonzalez

U.S.A.

University of Delaware

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Jing Huang

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Kenichi Sakai

U.S.A.

GSFC/NASAMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Kfir Blum

Switzerland

Weizmann Institute & CERNMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Klaus WernerFranceUniversité de Nantes

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Krzysztof Wieslaw
Wozniak

PolandPoland Academy of Science

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Leif LonnbladSwedenLund University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Lev Timofeev

RussiaThe Yu.G. Shafer Institute of CosmophysicalResearch and Aeronomy SB RAS

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Maria Lavrova

RussiaJoint Institute for Nuclear Research

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumMarkus Ackermann

Germany

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Mauricio Bustamante

DenmarkNiels Bohr InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Mikhail Kuznetsov

RussiaINR RASMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Minho Kim

Korea

Korea University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Nikolay Topchiev

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Paschal Coyle

FranceCentre de Physique des Particules de MarseilleMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Ralf Matthias Ulrich

Germany

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Ralph Engel

Germany

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Raul Ribeiro Prado

Germany

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Rim Mirzafatikhov

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Rostislav Kokoulin

RussiaNRNU MEPhI

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sebastian Baur

Germany

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sergey Ostapchenko

GermanyFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sergey Shaulov

RussiaFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sergey Suchkov

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sergey S. Borisov

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sergio Petrera

Italy

Gran Sasso Science Institute and INFN Laboratori
Nazionali del Gran Sasso

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Soomin Jeong

Korea

Sungkyunkwan University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

110 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

11. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Spencer Klein

U.S.A.

UCB

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Stefan Ohm

Germany

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sunny Seo

Korea

Institute of Basic Science

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Tanguy Pierog

Germany

Institute for Nuclear Physics/IKPMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumThorsten Glusenkamp

Germany

Erlangen Center for Astroparticle Physics

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Tileubek Uakhitov

Kazakhstan

Nazarbayev University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Vera Georgievna
Sinitsyna

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Vera Yurievna Sinitsyna

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Vladimir Ryabov

RussiaLebedev Physical InstituteMay 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Wen Yin

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

William Hanlon

U.S.A.

University of Utah

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Xu Chen

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Ying Zhang

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Yuhui Lin

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Zbigniew Plebaniak

PolandNational Centre for Nuclear Research

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Zbigniew Wlodarczyk

PolandJan Kochanowski University, Kielce

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Zhe Li

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Zhen Cao

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Zohra Bouhali

Algeria

Badji Mokhtar University

May 21 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Kohta Murase

U.S.A.

Pennsylvania State University

May 21 - 26, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Asgari-Targhi
Mahboubeh

U.S.A.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Jun. 10 - 20, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Mikinori Kuwata

Singapore

Nanyang Technological University

Jul. 2, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Erica Lastufka

Switzerland

University of Applied Sciences and Arts
Northwestern Switzerland

Jul. 2 - 13, 2018

Visitor

Khan-Hyuk Kim

Korea

National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy ofJul. 5, 2018
Science

VisitorBernard Jackson

U.S.A.

University of California San Diego

Jul. 6, 2018

VisitorV. Lakshmi Narayanan

India

National Atmospgeric Research Laboratory

Jul. 8 - 15, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Hai Guo

China

The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Jul. 9, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Exner Willi

Germany

Technische Universität Braunschweig

Jul. 11 - 13, 2018

VisitorInstitute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 111

11. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Hyomin Kim

U.S.A.

New Jersey Institute of Technology

Jul. 21 - Aug. 3, 2018 Visitor

Marcos Anzorena

MexicoNational Autonomous University of Mexico

Jul. 23 - Sep. 20, 2018 Visitor

Rocio Garcia Ginez

MexicoNational Autonomous University of Mexico

Jul. 23 - Sep. 20, 2018 Visitor

Hajihossein Azizi

Iran

University of Kurdistan

Aug. 1 - Sep. 1, 2018 Visitor

Mitsuo Oka

U.S.A.

UCB

Aug. 3 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Nariaki Vincent Nitta

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center

Aug. 4 - 11, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Seiji Yashiro

U.S.A.

The Catholic University of America

Aug. 4 - 12, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Joseph Benjamin Harold
Baker

U.S.A.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Aug. 6, 2018

VisitorJonathan Abbatt

CanadaUniversity of Toronto

Sep. 22 - 24, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Hartmut Herrmann

Germany

Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research

Sep. 22 - 25, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Florian Billy Alexis
Mekhaldi

SwedenLund University

Sep. 27 - Oct. 6, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Edward Cliver

U.S.A.

National Solar Observatory

Sep. 29 - Oct. 6, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Clive Dyer

U.K.

CSDRAD Consultancy

Sep. 30 - Oct. 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Evgueni Rozanov

Switzerland

Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos/
World Radiation Centre

Sep. 30 - Oct. 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Ilya Usoskin

Finland

University of Oulu

Sep. 30 - Oct. 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Lukas Wacker

Switzerland

Ion Beam Physics, ETH ZurichSep. 30 - Oct. 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Markku Oinonen

FinlandFinnish Museum of Natural History

Sep. 30 - Oct. 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Stepan Poluianov

Finland

University of Oulu

Sep. 30 - Oct. 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Dmitry Sokolov

RussiaMoscow State University

Oct. 1 - 5, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Fayin Wang

China

Nanjing University

Oct. 1 - 6, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Anthony John Timothy
Jull

U.S.A.

The University of Arizona

Oct. 1 - 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Milija Zupnaski

U.S.A.

Colorado State University

Oct. 3, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Aaron Hendry

Czech

Institute of Atmospheric Physics AS CR

Oct. 12 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Benjamin Grison

Czech

Institute of Atmospheric Physics AS CR

Oct. 12 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ivana Kolmasova

Czech

Institute of Atmospheric Physics AS CR

Oct. 12 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ondrej Santolik

Czech

Institute of Atmospheric Physics AS CR

Oct. 12 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Ulrich Taubenschuss

Czech

Institute of Atmospheric Physics AS CR

Oct. 12 - 20, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Nariaki Vincent Nitta

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center

Oct. 14 - 21, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

112 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

11. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Chihyu Chiang

TaiwanNational Cheng Kung University

Oct. 21 - 27, 2018

VisitorJeffrey D. Hawkins

U.S.A.

Naval Research Laboratory

Oct. 23 - 30, 2018

VisitorCheng-Yu Chen

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Oct. 25, 2018

VisitorHua Hsu

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Oct. 25, 2018

VisitorHung Chi Kuo

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Oct. 25, 2018

Visitor

Hungjui Yu

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Oct. 25, 2018

VisitorYu Han Chen

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Oct. 25, 2018

VisitorFeng Chen

U.S.A.

University of Colorado Boulder

Nov. 1 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Margaret Shanafield

Australia

Flinders University

Nov. 2, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Okke Batelaan

Australia

Flinders University

Nov. 2, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Saskia Noorduijn

Australia

Flinders University

Nov. 2, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Matthias Rempel

U.S.A.

National Center for Atmospheric Research

Nov. 3 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Yuhong Fan

U.S.A.

National Center for Atmospheric Research

Nov. 3 - 11, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Georgios Chintzoglou

U.S.A.

LMSAL

Nov. 4 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumMark Derosa

U.S.A.

LMSAL

Nov. 4 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumMark Cheung

U.S.A.

LMSAL

Nov. 4 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Meng Jin

U.S.A.

LMSAL

Nov. 4 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sanja Danilovic

SwedenStockholm University

Nov. 4 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Xudong Sun

U.S.A.

University of Hawaii

Nov. 4 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Chaowei Jiang

China

Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen

Nov. 5 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Han HeChina

National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Nov. 5 - 10, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Sandric Chee Yew Leong

Singapore

National University of Singapore

Nov. 6 - 7, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Go Iwahana

U.S.A.

University of Alaska Fairbanks

Nov. 11 - 14, 2018

Participant in the
SymposiumHyyangpyo Kim

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 11 - 14, 2018

Participant in the
Symposium

Yukinaga Miyashita

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteNov. 11 - 14, 2018

VisitorTakanobu Yamaguchi

U.S.A.

University of Colorado Boulder

Nov. 20, 2018

VisitorTakuma Nakamura

Austria

Austrian Academy of Sciences

Nov. 21 - 29, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Tong Phuoc Hoang Son

VietnamInstitute of Oceanography, Vietnam Academy
Science and Technology

Dec. 1 - 6, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 113

11. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Playfer Stephen Michael

U.K.

University of Edinburgh

Dec. 3 - 19, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Nariaki Vincent Nitta

U.S.A.

Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory Dec. 6 - 18, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

John Morgan

Australia

Curtin University

Dec. 7, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Kamorn Bandudej

ThailandNational Astronomical Research Institute ofThailandDec. 21, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Pattarapong Phasukkit

ThailandKing Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang

Dec. 21, 2018 Dec. 21, 2019

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Bjorn Stevens

Germany

Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology

Dec. 25 - 26, 2018

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Magnus Woods

U.K.

Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University
College London

Jan. 5 - 18, 2019

Foreign Collaborative
Researcher

Baolin Tan

ChinaNational Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Jan. 7 - 25, 2019

VisitorValentina Zharkova

U.K.

Northumbria University

Jan. 10 - Feb. 1, 2019 Visitor

Fei Liu

China

National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Jan. 21 - 25, 2019

VisitorLinjie Chen

China

National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Jan. 21 - 25, 2019

VisitorWei Wang

China

National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Jan. 21 - 25, 2019

VisitorYihua Yan

China

National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Jan. 21 - 25, 2019

VisitorZhijun Chen

China

National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Jan. 21 - 25, 2019

VisitorYoichi Kazama

China

Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy andAstrophysics

Feb. 1, 2019

VisitorChengming Tan

China

National Astronomical Observatories Chinese
Academy of SciencesFeb. 1 - 12, 2019

VisitorHisao Takahashi

Brazil

INPE

Feb. 22 - Mar. 3, 2019 Visitor

Gupta Sunilkumar

India

Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

Feb. 23 - Mar. 1, 2019 Visitor

John Richardson

U.S.A.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Feb. 23 - Mar. 1, 2019 Visitor

Justyna Sokolov

PolandPoland Academy of ScienceFeb. 23 - Mar. 16,
2019

Daniel Verscharen

U.K.

University College London

Feb. 24 - Mar. 1, 2019 Visitor

Ming Zhnag

U.S.A.

Florida Institute of Technology

Feb. 24 - Mar. 1, 2019 Visitor

Zhongwei Yang

China

Chinese Academy of SciencesFeb. 24 - Mar. 1, 2019 Visitor

Asgari-Targhi
Mahboubeh

U.S.A.

Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

Feb. 24 - Mar. 2, 2019 Visitor

Marco Velli

U.S.A.

UCLA

Feb. 25 - Mar. 2, 2019 Visitor

Lee Kun-Han

TaiwanInstitute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica

Mar. 1, 2019

Visitor

Kristen Lani Rasmussen

U.S.A.

Colorado State University

Mar. 5 - 10, 2019

Visitor

Robert Fulton Rogers

U.S.A.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Mar. 5 - 10, 2019

Visitor114 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

Visitor11. International Relations

Name

Country/
RegionAffiliation

PeriodStatus at Nagoya
University

Deanna Alicia Hence

U.S.A.

University of Illinois

Mar. 5 - 11, 2019

VisitorMichael Monroe BellU.S.A.

Colorado State University

Mar. 5 - 11, 2019

VisitorMing-Jen Yang

TaiwanNational Taiwan University

Mar. 5 - 11, 2019

Visitor

Wen-Chau Lee

U.S.A.

National Center for Atmospheric Research

Mar. 5 - 11, 2019

Visitor

Anthony Carl Didlake

U.S.A.

Pennsylvania State University

Mar. 7 - 10, 2019

VisitorAnukul Buranapratheprat

ThailandBurapha University

Mar. 8 - 14, 2019

VisitorYukinaga Miyashita

Korea

Korea Astronomy & Space Science InstituteMar. 14 - 19, 2019

VisitorDaniel Billett

U.K.

Lancaster University

Mar. 15, 2019

VisitorAkira Konaka

CanadaTRIUMF (Canada's particle accelerator centre)

Mar. 18 - 22, 2019

VisitorTanguy Pierog

Germany

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Mar. 18 - 23, 2019

VisitorGiles Barr

U.K.

University of Oxford

Mar. 19 - 22, 2019

VisitorJie Cheng

China

Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academyof Sciences

Mar. 19 - 22, 2019

VisitorRyuji Takeishi

Korea

Sungkyunkwan University

Mar. 19 - 22, 2019

Visitor

Jitraporn Phaksopa

ThailandKasetsart University

Mar. 19 - 27, 2019

VisitorBoaz Lazar

IsraelHebrew University of Jerusalem

Mar. 20 - 31, 2019

VisitorMoti Stein

IsraelInstitute of Earth Sciences

Mar. 20 - 31, 2019

VisitorAntonia Savcheva

U.S.A.

Smithsonian Observatory

Mar. 21 - 29, 2019

VisitorAnatoli Fedynitch

CanadaUniversity of Alberta

Mar. 23, 2019

Visitor

Stephan Meighen-Berger

Germany

Technische Universität München

Mar. 23, 2019

VisitorFelix Riehn

Portugal

Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental
Mar. 23 - 29, 2019de Partículas

Visitor

Aline De Almeida Vidotto Ireland

Trinity College Dublin

Mar. 24 - 30, 2019

Participant in the
Symposium

Stephen A. Ledvina

U.S.A.

UCB

Mar. 24 - 30, 2019

Participant in the
Symposium

Yingjuan Ma

U.S.A.

UCLA

Mar. 24 - 30, 2019

Participant in the
Symposium

David Andrew Brain

U.S.A.

University of Colorado Boulder

Mar. 25 - 29, 2019

Participant in the
Symposium

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 115

11. International Relations

Seminars by Foreign Visitors
Date

Name

(31 in total)

Affiliation

Title

Number ofParticipant

April 5, 2018

Fulvia Pucci

Princeton University

Solar Seminar/ Energy transfer and electron energization incollisionless magnetic reconnection for different guide-field intensities

13

May 1, 2018

Zhongping Lee✱ University of
Massachusetts Boston

34th ISEE/CICR colloquium / Remote sensing of basin-scale primary
production: Abandoning the use of chlorophyll concentration

12

May 8, 2018

Stephen Michae
Playfer✱

University of Edinburgh 35th ISEE/CICR colloquium / Matter antimatter asymmetries

22

May 14, 2018

SamuelKrucker✱

University of Applied
Sciences Northwestern
Switzerland

36th ISEE/CICR colloquium / Hard X-ray Observations as Diagnostics
of Particle Acceleration in Solar Flares

21

July 2, 2018

Mikinori Kuwata

Nanyang Technological
University

Seminar/ Atmospheric chemistry of wildfire in tropical Asia induced unknownby peatland fire

July 5, 2018

Khan-Hyuk Kim

School of Space
37th ISEE/CICR colloquium/ Large and small scale geomagnetic
Research, Kyung Hee
perturbations
University, South Korea

July 9, 2018

Hai Guo

The Hong Kong
Polytechnic University

Seminar/ High-resolution analysis of vehicle-related organic aerosols Unknown
observed at a roadside site in Hong Kong with the application of
TAG-GC-Tof-MS

July 9, 2018

Erica Lastufka

University of Applied
Sciences Northwestern
Switzerland

Solar seminar/ Occulted Flare of May 1, 2013 and the MiSolFA Hard
X-ray Imager

17

July 13, 2018

Willi Exner

Technische Universität
Braunschweig

special seminar/ Mercury's magnetosphere in strict positive andnegative Bz

12

July 23, 2018

K. D. Leka✱

NorthWest Research
Associates

Solar seminar/ Understanding and Forecasting the Solar Origins ofSpace Weather

18

August 2, 2018

Hyomin Kim

New Jersey Institute ofTechnology

Special seminar/ ULF Wave Observations Using Van Allen Probes andGround-Based Interhemispheric Magnetometer Arrays

14

October 3, 2018

Milija Zupanski

Colorado State
University

38th ISEE/CICR colloquium/ New directions for development ofhigh-dimensional data assimilation

13

October 12, 2018 Alexandre
Vasilyevich
Koustov✱

University of
Saskatchewan

39th ISEE/CICR colloquium/ Contributions of coherent radars tostudies of the near Earth's environment

30

November 2,
2018

Daqing Yang✱

Environment and40th ISEE/CICR colloquium/ Arctic hydroclimatic regimes andClimate Change Canada changes in a warming climate

18

November 2,
2018

Okke Batelaan

Flinders University

Urban Water-Food-Energy Nexus workshop in Nagoya University/
Introduction of the MLFP project8

November 5,
2018Feng Chen

University of Colorado,
Boulder

Solar seminar/ Solar eruptions during magnetic flux emergence fromthe convection zone to the corona

19

November 10,
2018

Yukinaga
Miyashita

Korea Astronomy &Space Science InstituteSpecial seminar/ Dipolarization observed by Arase18

116 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

1211. International Relations

Number of

Date

Name

Affiliation

Title

November 10,
2018

Hyyangpyo Kim

Korea Astronomy &Space Science InstituteSpecial seminar/ EMIC waves observed from various satellites

18

November 20,
2018

Takanobu
Yamaguchi

NOAA ESRL

41st ISEE/CICR colloquium/ Role of vertical wind shear inaerosol-cloud interactions in marine shallow cumulus clouds

21

November 30,
2018

Michael Jürgen
Kosch✱South African National
Space Agency

42nd ISEE/CICR colloquium/ Sprites research in Africa

29

December 6, 2018 Qurnia Wulan
Sari✱

Sriwijaya University

Oceanography Seminar/ The variability of the surface chlorophyll-a in
the Karimata Strait

14

December 17,
2018

K. D. Leka✱

NorthWest Research
Associates

Solar seminar/ Photospheric Magnetic Field Properties of Flareing vs.
Flare Quiet Active Regions, V: Results from HMI

19

December 17,
2018

Nariaki Vincent
Nitta

Lockheed Martin
Advanced Technology
CenterSolar seminar/ CMEs as the Dominannt Player of Space Weather

18

December 25,
2018

Bjorn Stevens

Max Planck Institute for 43rd ISEE/CICR colloquium / Shallow clouds and circulations
Meteorology/ Universityof Hamburg

23

January 16, 2019 Valentina
Zharkova

Northumbria University

CICR colloquium/ Acceleration and transport of energetic particles inflaring atmospheres and their diagnostics from HXR and MW emission

13

January 21, 2019 Baolin Tan

National Astronomical
Observatories Chinese
Academy of Sciences

Solar seminar/ Solar radio spectral fine structures and diagnostics ofnonthermal processes

18

March 1, 2019

Hisao Takahashi

National Institute forSpace Research

45th ISEE/CICR colloquium/ Equatorial Plasma Bubble Occurrence
under Propagation of MSTIDs and MGWs

16

March 1, 2019

Lee Kun-Han

Institute of Earth
Sciences, Academia
SinicaSpecial seminar/ Voyager 1 observations of interstellar electron
turbulence spectrum

11

March 15, 2019

Daniel Billett

Lancaster University

Special seminar/ The role of neutral winds, plasma convection, andaurora on high-latitude thermosphere-ionosphere coupling

9

March 18, 2019

AnukulNranapratheprat

Burapha University

Oceanography Seminar/ Detection and modeling of green Noctiluca
bloom in the Gulf of Thailand using satellite ocean color

14

March 25, 2019

Jitraporn
Phaksopa

Kasetsart University

Oceanography Seminar/ Dr.Fridtjof Nansen Andaman Expedition in
October 2019: water masses, currents and internal wave of theAndaman Sea

14

Participant✱ Foreign Visiting Staff

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 117

11. International Relations＜Abbreviations＞
AS CR:

Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

CASS:

Center for Astrophysics and Space Sciences

CERN:

Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire, European Organization for Nuclear Research

CESR:

Centre d’Etude Spatiale des Rayonnements

CETP:

Centre d'étude des Environnements Terrestre et Planétaires

CNRS:

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

EISCAT:

European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association

GSFC:

Goddard Space Flight Center

IBEX:

Interstellar Boundary Explorer

IFSI:

Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio InterplanetarioiLEAPS:

Integrated Land Ecosystem-Atmosphere Processes StudyIKFIA:

Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronom

IMAP:Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe

INFN:

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

INPE:

Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Brazilian Institute of Space Research

INR RAS:

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences

IPS:

Ionospheric Prediction Services

IPSL:

Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace

ISTP:

Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics

JHUAPL:

Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory

KASI:

Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute

LAPAN:

Lembaga Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional, National Institute of Aeronautics and SpaceLMSAL:

Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory

LOFAR:

Low Frequency Array

LPC2E:

Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace

MSFC:

Marshall Space Flight Center

MWA:

Murchison Widefield ArrayNASA:

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NOAA:

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NRNU MEPhI:

National Research Nuclear University Moscow Engineering Physics Institute

SB RAS:

Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of sciences

SCOSTEP:

Scientific Committee on Solar Terrestrial Physics

SLAC:

Stanford Linear Accelerator Center

UCB:

University of California, Berkeley

UCI:

University of California, Irvine

UCLA:

University of California, Los Angeles

UCSC:

University of California, Santa Cruz

UCSD:

University of California, San Diego

118 Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research

12. Outreach

12. Outreach
Public lectures, open labs, and school visits
ISEE members have contributed to public education through 19 lecture visits, seven public lectures at theuniversity, three open laboratory events, four public laboratory demonstrations, one field trip for children, and fourhigh-school student visits.
ISEE held open laboratory sessions and special lectures for the public on June 9 and 10 during the 2018 Nagoya University
Festival, and a half-day public lecture meeting on September 29, 2018.
ISEE and the former STEL have maintained a close relationship with the town of Rikubetsu in Hokkaido since 2003.
Public lectures were held on November 9, 2018 at Rikubetsu Elementary School and Rikubetsu Junior High School. Publiclaboratory demonstrations were presented on November 10, 2018 at the Rikubetsu Space Earth Science Museum.
ISEE distributes a series of booklets that answer 50 questions on various topics, as well as informative comic books related
to space–Earth subjects for the public.
A English version of the video introducing ISEE for young students and the public was produced, and is available on the
ISEE website (http://www.isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp/).
The ISEE website continues to publish the most up-to-date activities and outcomes of laboratory science to the public. The
digitized booklet series can also be browsed at this site.

Public lecture on the ISEE open laboratory (June 9, 2018).

Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research 119

Addresses of Facilities
Location

Name
ISEE Research Institutes

Address

Nagoya①

Toyokawa②

Toyokawa Branch

3-13 Honohara, Toyokawa-shi, Aichi 442-8507③

Moshiri Observatory

Moshiri, Horokanai, Uryu, Hokkaido 074-0741

Buildings I/II

Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601

345 Uenbetsu, Rikubetsu-cho, Ashoro-gun,
Hokkaido④

Rikubetsu
Observatory

Hokkaido 089-4301
58-1, 78-1, 78-5, 129-1, 129-4 Pontomamu,
Rikubetsu-cho, Ashoro-gun, Hokkaido 089-4300

Yamanashi⑤

Kagoshima⑥

Fuji Observatory
Kagoshima
Observatory

1347-2 Fujigane, Fujikawaguchiko-machi,
Minamitsuru-gun, Yamanashi 401-0338
3860-1 Honjo, Tarumizu-shi, Kagoshima 891-2112

TEL/FAX
TEL:+81-52-747-6303
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TEL:+81-165-38-2345
FAX:+81-165-38-2345
TEL:+81-156-27-8103

TEL:+81-156-27-4011

TEL:+81-555-89-2829

TEL:+81-994-32-0730