IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

JICA Training and Dialogue
Program on Energy Policy in Tokyo,
Japan (April 5 to April 25, 2009)

Presentation of Country Report of
BHUTANTokyo,Japan (April,2009)1

IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Overview of Energy Policiesof Bhutan
Department of Energy
Ministry of Economic Affairs
BHUTANTokyo,Japan (April,2009)2

IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Outline of the Presentation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Country Profile
Preview of Energy Sector
Energy Supplies mix of Bhutan
Energy Demand
Energy Policies
Challenges
Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)3

IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)4

IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Bhutan: Salient Features••••••••••••

Located in the Himalayas
Area – 38,394 Sq. KmPopulation – 650,000
69 % population lives in rural areas
Altitude range from 100 – 7500 m
Stretches 170 Km North-South and 340 km EastWest
70% Vegetation cover
Climate – Wet Summer and Cool Dry WinterGDP per capita, 2006: 1400 US$GDP growth, 2006: 7.5%
Overall National Electrification Coverage: ~60%(~40% of rural areas still non-electrified)Religion: Buddhism
Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)5IEEJ：2009年5月掲載
Ministry ofEconomic Affairs

Energy Sector/Institutions

Department of Energy-Policy & Planning of thePower/Energy Sector
including Renewable
EnergyDepartment of Trade-Import of Oil and otherPetroleum products anddistribution control
Department of Geology &Mines-Manages and controls
mining of minerals andcoal

Regulatory Authorities

Ministry ofAgriculture

Department of Forestry-Supply of biomass
in rural areas

Forestry Development
Corporation Limited-supply of biomass
for urban areas

National Environment Commission (NEC)- monitors the environmental impacts ofdevelopment

Bhutan Electricity Authority(BEA)-Regulates the Hydro
Power Sector
Bhutan Power Corporation (BPC)-Utility Service Company Supply,Transmission & Distribution ofElectricity

Druk Green Power Corporation-Generates hydropower and sells to BPC andexports the surplus to India

Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)6IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Sources of Energy• Primary Energy – Bio-mass (1.2 million m3
per annum consumption, 1.8 m3 per capita)
for cooking and heating• Import of Kerosene (12545 kl), Diesel (51,440kl), Petrol (13,775 kl), LPG (4472 MT) – fortransportation, lighting and cooking• Solar PV Installed – 343 kW for lighting• Diesel Power Installed Capacity – 16.404 MW
for far flung and off grid electrification• Hydroelectric Installed Capacity – 1500 MW(5% of Total Potential is developed)• Wind Power: Nil
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IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

LPG (0.91%)
Kerosene (1.99%)

Others (1.01%)

Gasoline (2.03%)

Fuelwood (41.80%)

Coal (4.92%)
Diesel (8.26%)

Electricity (39.09%)

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IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Renewable Energy dominates the electricity generationin the country
Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)9

IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Status of Hydropower Energy
Sl. #Hydro Plant

MW/GWh1.0

Chukha336/1860

1988

2.0
3.0

KurichhuBasochhu I

60/40024/106

2001
2001

4.0

Basochhu II

40/186

2004

5.0
6.0

Tala
Mini/Micro

1020/4866
4/20

2006
1967-2008

Total:

1484/7438~5% of total
potential of30000MW

Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)

Remarks

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IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Energy DemandCountry

GDP per Capita (2000 US$)*Per
Energy(TOE)

Bangladesh

402

BhutanCapitaSupplyPer capita energy
Consumption (TOE)PerElectricity
(kWh)

0.16

0.15

140

127.70

695

0.87

0.62

3,971

942.07

India

538

0.53

0.50

457

434.80

Nepal

231

0.34

0.32

6967.90

Pakistan

566

0.49

0.44

425407.80

Sri Lanka

962

0.49

0.42

345

325.10

Myanmar-

0.28

0.27

104

101.10

China

1,323

2.36

1.11

2,140

1,378.50

Norway39,0056.50

5.81

22,85923,195.80

USA36,655

7.82

7.63

12,187

13,243.00

Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)

capitaSupplyPer capita electricity
Consumption(kWh)*

11IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Energy Policy• Rationale:– Most essential input for socio-economic development
activities– Required for cooking, lighting, heating/cooling, transport,
for income generating activities such as agricultural,commercial, industrial, etc– Energy, environment and economic are interlined and play
important role in sustainable development of a nation– Demand for energy reached limits where conventionalsources can no longer be sufficient to sustain global
economy– Bhutan has large hydropower potential (30k MW)
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Energy Policy cont…
• Vision:– To be a dynamic, high performing government agency, that
effectively promotes hydropower development to achieve
economic self-reliance and that fosters the sustainable useof other forms of renewable energy in the Kingdom andensures energy security of the Nation• Mission:– To govern and facilitate integrated development of asustainable and robust energy sector that drives the national
economy and meets the demand for quality modern energy
services of the Bhutanese society
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IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Energy Policies• Rural Electrification Policy in Place• Bhutan Sustainable Hydropower Development
Policy 2008 in place• Renewable Energy Policy by 2010
• Captive Power Generation Policy by 2009
• Industrial Policy (under formulation)

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IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

Challenges
Ambitious Target “Electricity for All” but REworks are in difficult areas (access and cost-wise)Huge Resource Gap for development of 10000 MW
hydro projects
Climate Change – fear of Dutch Disease/all eggs inone basket

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IEEJ：2009年5月掲載

THANK
YOU
お問合せ：report@tky.ieej.or.jp

Tokyo,Japan (April,2009)16