VENTILATION INVERTER PANEL
Sohatsu Systems Laboratory Inc.

Contents■System Configuration........................................................................................................................ 1■Specifications ................................................................................................................................... 1■Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 2■Features ........................................................................................................................................... 2■Comparison ...................................................................................................................................... 4■Standard outline drawing ................................................................................................................... 6

■System Configuration
Electric Room
TunnelVentilation Inverter Panel
460V/415V

6600V

HarmonicFilter

Inverter

SwitchBox

Long Cable

DFSA

JF

PLC

Ventilation Control
Panel■Specifications
Model

Specification
Specification

Inverter

Panel

Item
Type
Electric supply system

Jet Fan (1 unit)

Jet Fan (2 unit)

Indoor independent enclosed type
Main circuit: 3-phase 3 wire 460V 60Hz／415V 50Hz

Control circuit: 1-phase 100V50/60Hz

Panel dimension(Reference)

W1000×H2300×D1000mm

Inverter capacity

37kW、55kW

Input voltage

3-phase 380～480V ±10%Output voltage

3-phase 380～480V（Input voltage compatible）

Output frequency

0～50/60Hz

Control method
Surge voltage, noise and bearing
current countermeasures

Harmonic countermeasures

Input and output signals
Power cable
Applicable Jet fan
Applicable Jet fan motor

W1200×H2300×D1000mm

Two-level PWM control
DFSA（Feedback type sine wave filter）
Three-phase diode bridge (capacitor smoothing) with ACL+DCL
Conversion factor k=1.4
12-pulse converter
Conversion factor k=0.7 (optional)
Self-excited three-phase bridge (PWM converter)
Conversion factor k=0.0 (optional)
Voltage-free contacts, Ethernet communication,
PLC general-purpose network
Length up to 2000m, Shielded and non-shielded cable compatible
30,33kW×1, 50kW×1
30,33kW×2, 50kW×2
General purpose motor can be used.

1

■Overview◼

This is a ventilation inverter panel for jet fans that includes noise countermeasures in an industrialinverter.

◼

By controlling the rotation speed of the jet fan, it can create any desired tunnel air velocity.

◼

It uses a uniquely developed filter to suppress the negative impact of noise on the jet fan and otherequipment.

◼

Smooth rotational speed control can save energy and improve safety.

■Features
The ventilation inverter panel is a power panel that uses an industrial inverter to control the rotation speedof jet fans (hereinafter referred to as JF) in road tunnels to create any desired tunnel air velocity.
＜About Inverter Drive＞
In the field of pumps and compressors, products that use inverter drives have long been popular due totheir good controllability and energy-saving effects. However, JF has not been put into practical use for along time because, under the environmental conditions of long power cables, 'noise' is generated by inverter
drive, which has a negative effect on the JF motor and surrounding equipment.
In response to this problem, we have developed our own filter, DFSA, to address the issue of noisegeneration. We have successfully applied our design optimization to each installation location.
＜Noise Countermeasures＞
The noise generated by the inverter drive can be classified into two categories: 'input side noise' and'output side noise' of the panel.
To suppress noise (harmonic current) on the input side, a polyphase transformer or PWM converter is used.
If regulations require conduction noise countermeasures, an EMC filter will be installed.
On the output side, DFSA
is used for noisesuppression. Thisケーブル入口零相電流
reduces the zero-phaseIz_dfsa
current in the cable
モータ端サージ電圧
Vim
Iz_dfsa4

Vim4

inlet, which causes radiated and induced noise, as well as excessive surge voltage to the JF motor.
61K①DFSA なし

40.5K

200K-2-0.5K-1K1K0.5K②LCF だけ①DFSA なし

-4-6

JF motor terminal surge voltage
Vim3

Iz_dfsa3

モータ端サージ電圧 Vim

642

Vim406-2
4-42-600K
1K
-0.5K
0.5K
-1K
0K

Without-0.5K Vim2
DFSA-2
6-4-1K
1K③LCF＋Lz②LCF だけ

0.5K

Vim3

06-2
4-4
2-6
00K
1K
-0.5K
0.5K
-1K
0K
-0.5K

④LCF＋Lz＋FB③LCF＋Lz

4-62-2
6-4

Vim1

4-62
06-2
4-42-60-1K
1K
Vim2
With0.5K
DFSA
0K
1K-0.5K0.5K-1K
0K

0.06

0.08

-0.5K

0.1
Time (s)

0.12

0.14

Zero-phase current

ケーブル入口零相電流 Iz_dfsa
Iz_dfsa4

Iz_dfsa2

Iz_dfsa3

Iz_dfsa1

Iz_dfsa2

0.06

0.08

-2

0.1
Time (s)

0.12

0.14

0.12

0.14

-4-6-1K

6【Image of noise suppression
effect by DFSA】
Iz_dfsa1

Vim1④LCF＋Lz＋FB

1K
0.5K
0K
-0.5K

2-1K
0.06

0.08

0.1
Time (s)

0.12

0.14

420-2
-4
-6
0.06

0.08

0.1
Time (s)＜Energy Saving Effect＞
Previously, the standard method for controlling JF units was to start or stop each unit and adjust the numberof units in operation to achieve the required air volume (thrust) for ventilation. However, this 'constant-speed
control' method makes it challenging to make precise adjustments to air velocity, which can lead to excessive
operation. In contrast, the inverter drive system allows for more efficient operation by controlling the rotation
speed of the JF units. Even with the same thrust, operating multiple JFs at low speed consumes less power
than operating a small number of JFs at 100% rotation speed.
【Energy saving effect due to control method】
Constant Speed Control
ThrustNo.of
operating
units

Air
Velocity

20％

1 unit40％

Inverter Control

EnergySaving Effect(Reductionrate)

PowerNo.of
operating
units

Air
Velocity

Power

100％

20％

5 units

45％

9％

55％

2 units

100％

40％

5 units

63％

25％

37％

60％

3 units

100％

60％

5 units

77％

46％

23％

80％

4 units

100％

80％

5 units

89％

72％

11％

100％

5 units

100％

100％

5 units

100％

100％

0％

＜Improved Safety＞
In the event of a fire in a tunnel, one method to ensure the safety of evacuees is 'zero air velocity control'.
This method, which suppresses air flow and keeps heat and smoke from flames in the ceiling, uses an inverter
drive system to quickly and stably create a target air velocity.
【Comparison of quick response in emergencies: Constant Speed Control/Variable speed control】
Control
MethodFeatures

Tunnel air velocity, JF Operation example

Air velocity [m/s]

There are startup
restrictions such as
motor overheat
protection, and it takes
time to control the airvelocity.

No. of Jet Fans
Numberof JF

Air speed [m/s]
Air velocity[m/s]2of JetofFans
NumberJF
NumberAir speed

Constant-speed control(on/off control)

4

A small number of JF willlead to the unstable airflow.

0-2incident

Accident

controlfireFire Control start-4-101

2345678910Time [mins]
4150

Air speed [m/s]Stable air velocity with
optimal rotational speedoutput.
No start-up restrictions,quick control of airvelocity.

Air velocity[m/s]Variable-speed control(Inverter Control)100

Air speed [m/s]

Air velocity[m/s]25000-50-2-100

incident
Accident fireFire control
Control start-4-150-1012345Time [mins]

3678910[%]
Speed[%]
JFrotation speed
JF Rotation

Rotational
JF rotationspeedspeed [%][%]■Comparison
With constant-speed control, 3 to 5 times of the rated current flows at start. In contrast, the inverter drive
can gradually increase the speed of the JF from the start to the target value, thus preventing an excessive
starting current.
A comparison of constant-speed control and variable-speed control is shown below.
【Characteristic comparison between constant-speed control and Variable-speed control】

Operating Characteristics

Starting
Characteristics

Comparison Items

Variable-speed control

Starting current

Starting current is 3~5 times of ratedcurrent.

Starts at the rated current.

Simultaneous
operation ofmultiple units

Due to starting current, there is alimit to simultaneous start.

No restriction

Responsiveness(Emergencyoperation)

Limited startup and lack ofresponsivenessHighly responsive with no startup
restrictions

Energy saving(Normaloperation)

Always operate at rated power

Energy saving effect can be achievedby operating multiple units below therated capacity.

Sound noise（JF）

Sound noise level is always high due
to operation at maximum rotation
speed

It is possible to operate multiple units
at low rotation speeds to reducesound noise levels.

PowerTransformer

In addition to the rated current,a capacity matching the starting
current is required.

Capacity matching rated current isrequired.

Not required

Required depending upon the supply
capacity.

Control center or ventilation power
panel

Ventilation inverter panel

Not required

Noise suppression is necessary to
prevent adverse effects oncommunication equipment andradios.

Harmonic
Countermeasures

FacilitiesConstant-speed control

Ventilation
power panel

Noise filter

Cable

Voltage drop of the starting current
and rated current should beconsidered.

Only the voltage drop for the rated

Unshielded

Shielded or Unshielded

4current should be considered.

■Installation Track Records
Installation track records of the ventilation inverter panel are as follows.
YearClients

Highway

2008

Hanshin Expressway CompanyLtd.

Kita-Kobe Line2010

Kinki Regional Development Bureau
Toyooka River and National Highway
OfficeNational Highway 92010
2010
2011

Shutoko Metropolitan City
Expressway Ltd.
Hanshin Expressway CompanyLtd.
Civil Engineering ResearchInstitute

Saitama Omiya Line
Kobe Yamate LineNational Highway 201

TunnelShinkarato
TunnelMinamitajima
TunnelShintoshin
TunnelKobe Nagata
TunnelChikuhokaras
uo Tunnel

Specifications

TunnelLength（m）

Capacity

No.ofunits

1,71137kW(1250φJF)

1（For on-site testing）

1,224

30kW(1000φJF)

1（For on-site testing）

2,87025kW(1000φJF)

1（For on-site testing）

3,36450kW(1250φJF)

52,87050kW(1250φJF)

12012

Kinki Regional Development Bureau,
Toyooka River and National Highway
OfficeWadayama Yoka Road

Yoka Tunnel

2,99050kW(1250φJF)

62012

Hanshin Expressway Company
Ltd.

Yodo River Left BankLine Route 2Shorenjigawa
Tunnel

3,44633kW(1000φJF)

34

Kinki Regional Development
Bureau, Kinan River andNational Highway Office

Kinki Expressway Kisei
Line

MigusaTunnel50kW(1250φJF)

32014

2,38033kW(1000φJF)

1

Kinki Regional Development
Bureau, Kinan River andNational Highway Office

Kinki Expressway Kisei
Line50kW(1250φJF)

3

Atagi Tunnel

2,730
33kW(1000φJF)

2

Kinki Regional Development
Bureau, Kinan River andNational Highway Office

Kinki Expressway Kisei
Line

Susami 2Tunnel

50kW(1250φJF)

3

2,648
33kW(1000φJF)

2

Kinki Regional Development
Bureau, Kinan River andNational Highway Office

Kinki Expressway Kisei
LineKurosakiTunnel

50kW(1250φJF)

42,84133kW(1000φJF)

12014

Chubu regional Development
Bureau Iida National Highway

National Highway 19

Torii Tunnel

1,73850kW(1250φJF)

42014

Kyushu Regional Development Bureau,
Yatsuhiro River and National Office

Kumamoto Route 3

1,84833kW(1000φJF)

42015

Hanshin Expressway Company
Ltd.

Kobe Yamate Line3,36450kW(1250φJF)

6

Tohoku Regional development
Bureau, Noshiro River andNational Highway Office

50kW(1250φJF)

72015

National Highway 733kW(1000φJF)

12015

Kinki Regional Development Bureau,
Toyooka River and National Highway
OfficeYoka-Hidaka Road

2016

Hokuriku regional Development
Bureau, Nagaoka National HighwayNational Highway 253

2017

Kagoshima Prefecture

Hokusatsu Crossing
Road2014

2014

2014

2017
2018
20212022

Kobe City Road Public
Corporation
Nagoya Expressway Public
Corporation
Hanshin Expressway Company
Ltd.
Hanshin Expressway Company
Ltd.

Rokko Toll Road
Expressway 2
Higashiyama Line
Kobe Yamate Line
Kobe Yamate Line
Tribhuvan Highway

Tsunagi
TunnelKobe Nagata
TunnelSummary（For on-site testing）

MatoyamaTunnel

3,372

Mitani Tunnel

2,81050kW(1250φJF)

42,84050kW(1250φJF)44,85050kW(1250φJF)

42,84315kW(630φJF)

143,56050kW(1250φJF)

183,36450kW(1250φJF)

13,36450kW(1250φJF)

4Renewal with
2-level Inverter
Renewal with
2-level Inverter

2,68850kW(1250φJF)

82-level Inverter

Hakka-toge
Tunnel
Hokusatsu
TunnelRokkosanTunnelHigashiyama
TunnelKobe Nagata
TunnelKobe Nagata
TunnelNagdhunga
Tunnel2022

Japan-Nepal Relation

2022

Japan-Philippines Relation

Davao City Bypass

Davao Tunnel

2,24950kW(1250φJF)62-level Inverter

2023

Ibaraki Prefecture

Regional road Ishioka-Chikusei
Line and Sakuragawa City-road
M2753

Uwaso Tunnel

3,53850kW(1250φJF)

42-level Inverter

2023

East Nippon Expressway
Company Ltd. (NEXCO)Kan-etsu Expressway

Kan-etsu
Tunnel11,055120kW（Axial Fan）

22-level Inverter5

■Standard outline drawing＜For JF 2 units＞【W1200×H2300×D1000mm】（37kW、50kW common）＜For JF 1 unit＞【W1000×H2300×D1000mm】（37kW、50kW common）＊Reference for development model.

< Side view (common) >< Foundation part (common) >6http://www.sohatsu.com

3-01-11 V004