IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

IEEJ : May 2012

An Overview ofNepalese Energyand PowerSystemAnup Kumar Upadhyay
Ministry of Energy

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

COMPARISION
SourceConsumption

Expenditure

Traditional

322,105 TJ; 87.69%

3.65 BNR; 7%

Petroleum

30,12 TJ ; 8.2%

33.31 BNR; 64%

Electricity

6,673 TJ; 1.82 %14.31 BNR; 27%

Coal6,459 TJ; 1.75%

0.79 BNR; 2%

Renewable

1,955 TJ; 0.53 %IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

SECTOR WISE CONSUMPTION
SectorConsumption

Domestic

331,567 TJ; 90.3%Industrial

12,817 TJ; 3.5%

Commercial

5,335 TJ; 1.5%

Transport

13,895 TJ; 3.8%

Agriculture

3,085 TJ; 0.8%

Others

612 TJ; 0.2%

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

PETROLEUM IMP vs. COMODITY EXP• 2000/2001:27%• 2006/07: 57%(34.7 BNR against 61 BNR)
• 2010/11: 130%(80 BNR against 60 BNR)

• 2015/16: 183%
• Also planned to import 150
MW Electricity worth 8 BNR
with contractual tie up

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FUEL WOOD SUSTAINABILITYIEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

NEPAL AND ENERGY
A study by UN in 2007 in 24 countries of Asia
Pacific Region has shown Nepal as one of themost oil price vulnerable countries owing to:a. 100% dependence on import andb. low GDP compared to other Asian countries.

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

NEPAL AND ELECTRICITY
Nepal may facehuge load shedding
during next few years

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HYDRO SOURCES
S. No.

NEA Plants

Installed

Lowest available

1

Kaligandaki

144

442

Marsyangdi

69213

M.Marsyangdi

70

22380

122

----------- -----------------Total NEA ROR
IPP Plants
1Khimti

60182

Bhotekoshi

3612---------------------------------------------- -----------------Total IPP ROR

174

58.5

All Total ROR

554

180.5

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Capacity Balance: Wet and Dry
SOURCEDETAILS

ROR

Installed
Dependable

MW

SOURCE

554

ROR

DETAILSMW
180500

STORAGEKL 1 +KL292

STORAGEKL 1 +KL292

THERMAL

Installed
Dependable

54

THERMAL

Installed
Dependable

54

IMPORT

Total
Treaties
PEX
Trading

75

IMPORT

25500Total
Treaties
PEXTrading

2595
255020Total Available

Dependable

530930

DEMAND

Off Peak
Peak

550
1057

Off Peak0Deficit

Off Peak250

Peak

248

Peak665

Per day

2 hrs

Hrs/day

17 ‐18

Total Available

Dependable

DEMAND

Off PeakPeak

Deficit

Load shedding

25692

Load shedding

392

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NEAR FUTURE
Year

2009/10 10/11

11/12

12/13

Capacity demand (MW)

893

980

1057

1185

Energy demand/day (dry) kWh 12400000

13640000

15004000

16504000

Energy Supply/day (dry) kWh

8200000

8300000

8600000

9000000

Deficit/day MWh4200000

5340000

6504000

7504000

Load shedding hrs/day

1214 (16)17 (19)????

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

FORESEEN FUTURE DEVELOPMENT (NEA)
Category
NEA Own

TypeRORProject

Capacity Commissioning

Chameliya

30

2013

Up. Trishuli 3A

602014 (2015)

Rahughat30

2014 (2015)

14

2014

Upper Seti

127*

Funding gap

Up. Tamakoshi

456

Before 2017

Rasuwagadhi

111

Before 2017

Mid. Bhotekoshi

102

Before 2017

Upper Sanjen

14

Before 2017

Sanjen42

Before 2017

Up Trishuli 3B

30

ROR /Storage875/ 14Storage Kulekhani 3
Subsidiaries ROR

Total

Before 2017

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

FUTURE DEMAND
YEAR

PEAK
MW

OFF PEAK LOWEST
MWMW

MWh/DAY

2010

950

500

400

14200

2015

1510

795

635

21800

2017

1770

950

745

25000

2020

2206

1160

930

33000

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

ANALYSIS 2017 (Wet Season)
Particulars
ROR Available
Peak Demand
Peak Balance
Off peak Demand
Off peak balance
Off peak surplus
Off peak surplus
Av purchase rate
Surplus Value

DetailsMW
For 4 hrs
Surplus for 4 hours
For 20 hrs
Surplus for 20 hrs (MW)MW h/day
GW h/season
Rs/unit
BNR

Quantum
2040
1770
270
950
1000
20,00040005.00
20

NEA is already exposed to this risk of market and if not reallymarketed, this is net loss to NEA per Wet season.

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

ANALYSIS 2017 (Dry Season)
Particulars

Details

Quantum

ROR Available

MW500

Energy from ROR

From 24 hrs (MWh)120000Storage Available

MW233

Energy from Storage

Strategic operation (MWh)30 000Total Energy
Available

Domestic sources (MWh)150,000

Energy Demand

MW h/day

250,000

Energy deficit

MW h/day

100,000

ImportAverage MWh/day

36,000Net Deficit

MWh/day

74,000

Load shedding

W O / With Import

12/ 8 hrs per day

Very contradictory situation. A 400 MW i.e. 1500 GWh additional
storage volume to be ready by 2017.

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

Key Concern on Energy Security• Low energy access• Limited diversification of energy resources• High dependence on traditional fuels• Increasing gap between demand and supply• Over dependence on imported energy• Lack of adequate energy infrastructure.

IEEJ: August 2012 All Right Reserved

Thank you
Contact : report@tky.ieej.or.jp