3 If- d TAR@, Sci. Rep. Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery, (44) 39-51 (1990):

Copepods in the Mountain Waters of Kyushu, Tsushimaand Ryukyu Islands, Southwestern Japan
Teruo ISHIDA*

This report is a result of a faunistic study on the copepods gathered-by the author from themountain waters of Kyushu, Tsushima I. and Ryukyu Is. (Fig. 1, 13 samples, April 1987 toMarch 1989). Having examined these specimens, I was able to determine 17 species ofcyclopoids and 16 species of harpacticoids. Nine of the harpacticoid species (Ishida 1987) arecommon to Hokkaido, and 13 (Ishida 1989a) to Honshu. Of these species I remark on thedistribution and habitats, and offer some illustrations for diagnosis.
The methods of sampling in the fields and sorting in the laboratory are same as thosereported in my previous report (Ishida 1987).
The following species were found in the samples examined :Number of individuals obtained
Kyushu Tsushima Ryukyu Is.

Cyclopoida
1. Halicyclops sp.
2. Macrocyclops fuscus (Jurine)
3. Macrocyclops albidus (Jurine)
4. Macrocyclops sp.
5. Ectocyclops phaleratus (Koch)
6. Eucyclops sermlutus (Fisher)
7. Paracyclops fimbriatus (Fisher)
8. Parucyclops aflinis (Sars)
9. Ochridacyclops sp.
10. Tropocyclops prasinus (Fisher)
11. Diacyclops languidus (Sars)
12. Mesocyclops leuckaarti (Claus)
13. Megacyclops viridis (Jurine)
14. Microcyclops varicans (Sars)
15. Microcyclops bicolor (Sars)
16. Metacyclops sp.
17. Speocyclops yezoensk Ito

23%3G?if22137-

5222
25
11-32-

7-

151--

1251-- d TAlk%H%%E%326%*Present address : 372, Irifunecho Yoichimachi, Hokkaido 046 JAPAN.
39

Harpacticoida
1. Nitocru plat@us bakem' Chappuis
2. Cunthocamptus stuphylinus (Jurine)
3. Cunthocumptus sp. 3
4. Cunthocumptus sp. 5
5. Cunthocumptus morimotoi Miura
6. Attheyella coiffuiti Chappuis
7. Attheyella nukuii (Brehm)
8. Attheyellu crassu (Sars)
9. Attheyellu sp. M
10. Moruriu vuricu (Graeter)
11. Bryocamptus zschokkei (Schmeil)
12. Bqocumptus culvus (Brehm)
13. Bqocumptus nivalis (Willey)
14. Eluphoidella bidens (Schmeil)
15. Eluphoidella grundidieri (Guerne & Richard)
16. Onychocamptus vitiospinulosa (Shen & Tai)

9-37138255-793821447240-

12--

81
165

13859--

162
152012171

Abbreviations : The following abbreviations are used in Fig. 2 and plates ; Pl-P5 = legs
1- 5, Enp. = endopodite, Fu = caudal rami with a part of the abdomen, f = female, m 1male.

jl- 28.
dToiwonFig. 1.
40

Sampling localities.

Ishida : Copepods in Japanese Mountain Waters

List of Localities and the Species ObtainedNo. 1. Yaka, Okinawa I. (26"27.5'N, 125"51.9'E), a small stream, 2 April 1987. Macrocyclops albidus 16 p, 3 6 ; Macrocyclops fuscus 1 p, 1 6 ; Ectocyclops phleratus 2 ?, 1 6 ;Eucyclops serrulatus 30 ?, 5 6 ; Paracyclops fimbriatus 2 p , 5 6 ; Paracyclops afinis 2 ;Tropocyclops prasinus 2 7, 1 6 ; Mesocyclops leuckarti 5 ?, 1 6 : Microcyclops varicans 4 9 ;Microcyclops bicolor 1 ? ; Metacyclops sp. 8 ?, 1 6 / N i t o c r a platypus bakeri 1 ? ; Moraria
varica 1 6 ; Bryocamptus zschokkei 38 9, 18 3 ; Bryocamptus culvus 4 ?, 1 6 ; Elaphoidellabidens 4 ? ; Elaphoidella grandidieri 1 ? ; Onychocamptus vitiospinulosa 14 9 , 1 9 .
No.2. Kunigamison, Okinawa I. (26"42.4'N, 128"11.3'E), upper reaches of a stream, 10January 1989. Macrocyclops albidus 43 ?, 15 6 ; Ectocyclops phaleratus 1 ? ; Eucyclops serrulatus 47 ?, 7 6 ; Paracyclops fimbriatus 1 6 ; puracyclops affinis 1 6 ; Microcyclops varicans
1?,1$.
No. 3. Kunigamison, Okinawa I. (26'42.4'N, 128"11.3'E), a trickle, 10 January 1989.
Macrocyclops albidus 14 ?, 19 6 ; Eucyclops sermlatus 49 ?, 1 3 ; Paracyclops fimbriatus 2 p ;Microcyclops varicans 1 p ; Metacyclops sp. 3 6/Attheyella nakaii 2 ? , 1 6 ; Bryocamptus
zschokkei 3 ? , 3 6 ; Bryocamptus calvus 9 9, 1 6 ; Elaphoidella bidens 2 ? .
No. 4; Kunigamison, Okinawa I. (26"43.2'N, 128"10.5'E), lower reaches of a stream, 10January 1989. Macrocyclops albidus 26 9 , 5 6 ; Ectocyclops phuleratus 1 6 ; Eucyclops serd a t u s 53 ?, 13 6 ; Paracyclops fimbriatus 6 ?, 7 6 ; Paracyclops a d h i s 5 ?, 3 c7r ; MesocycloPs
leuckarti 1 ? ; Microcyclops varicans 7 ?/Nitocra platypus bakeri 8 ? ; Elaphoidella bidens 6? ; Onychocamptus vitiospinulosa 12 ? , 2 6.
NO. 5. Ishigaki I. (24"24.0'N, 124"10.O'E), a stream, 11 January 1989. HalicycloPs SP 1 ? ;Eucyclops serrulatus 16 ? , 1 6/Bryocamptus nivalis 1 6 ; Onychocamptus vitiospinulosa 37 T I 5d'.

No. 6. Ishigaki I. (24"25.4'N, 124"12.0'E), a stream, 11 January 1989. Halicyclops sp. 1 6 ;Tyopocyclops prasinus 2 ? /Attcheyella nakaii 4 ?, 1 9 ; Bryocamptus nivalis 15 ?, 3 6.
No. 7. Iriomote I. (24"17.8'N, 123"51.4'E), a stream, 13 January 1989. Macrocyclops albidus
4 ?, 1 6 ; Paracyclops fimbriatus 1 ?, 1 6 ; Tropocyclops prasinus 22 ?, 5 6 ; Microcyclops
varicans 1 /Attheyella nakaii 1 ? ; Bryocamptzcs nivalis 1 ? .

No. 8. Izuhara, Tsushima I. (34"13.5'N, 129"17.4'E),trickles, 7 March 1989. Macrocyclops
albidus 10 ? ; Macrocyclops fuscus 13 y,5 6 ; Eucyclops serrulatus 161 ?, 28 6 ; Paracyclops
fimbriatus 5 ; Tropocyclops prasinus 10 ? ; Microcyclops varicans 3 PICanthocamptus sp. 5 26 ; Canthocamptus morimotoi 3 p,4 6 ; Attheyella coiffaiti 13 ?, 10 $ ; Attheyella crassa 1 ? ;Attheyella sp. M 1 ? ; Bryocamptus zschokkei 2 ; Bryocamptus calvus 1 ?, 1 6.
No. 9. Izuhara, Tsushima I. (34"13.5'N, 129"17.4'E), a small pathside flow, 7 March 1989.
Paracyclops fimbriatus 3 ? , 1 6 ; Diacyclops languidus 2 p ; Microcyclops varicans 2 ? , 1 6 ;Speocyclops yezoensis 1 6 lcanthocamptus sp. 5 34 ? , 8 6 ; Attheyella coiflaiti 120 ? , 97 6 ;Attheyella sp. M 1 ; Bryocamptus zschokkei 1 2 0 , 16 6 ; Bryocamptus calvus 53 ?, 4 6.
No. 10. Sasaguri, Fukuoka Pref. (33"38.4'N, 130"34.6'E), trickles, 7 March 1989. Paracy41

clops fimbriatus 6 P ; Megacyclops uiridis 1 ? ; Speocyclops yezoensis 5 PlCanthocamptus sp. 382 ?, 55 6 ; Canthocamptus sp. 5 195 ?, 55 6 ; Attheyella nakaii 9 ? , 5 6 ; Attheyella coifaz'ti
48 P,31 6 ; Attheyella sp. M 1 ? ; Byocamptus zschokkei 62 ? , 15 6 ; Bryocamptus calvus 61?, 11 6.
No. 11. Hosomi, Nobeoka, Miyazaki Pref. (32"35.7'N, 131"35.6'E), trickles, 8 March 1989.
Macrocyclops sp. 2 ? , 1 3 ; Eucyclops serrulatus 5 ?, 1 3 ; Paracyclops fimbriatus 5 ? , 1 6 ;Ochridacyclops sp. 1 p ; Tropocyclops pracinus 4 P/Canthocamptus sp. 3 1 ? ; Canthocamptus
sp. 5 4 ?, 1 6 ; Attheyella nakaii 11 ?, 12 6 ; Attheyella crassa 1 6 ; Bryocamptus zschokkei 3? ; Bryocamptus calvus 36 ?, 5 6.
No. 12. Hosomi, Nobeoka, Miyazaki Pref. (32"35.7'N, 131'35.6'E), a stream, 8 March 1989.
Halicyclops sp. 4 ? ; Macrocyclops albidus 6 ; Paracyclops fimbriatus 1 p lByocamptus calvus
37 P,5 6.
No. 13. Hosomi, Nobeoka, Miyazaki Pref. (32"34.6'N,13ln36.2'E),a ditch by a forest edge,
8 March 1989, Macrocyclops albidus 3 ? ; Ectocyclops phaleratus 1 ? ; EucycloPs serrulatus 23?, 3 6 ; Paracyclops jimbriatus 2 ?, 1 6 ; Magacyclops vim'dis 13 ?, 9 6 ; Microcyclops varicans 1 PICanthocarnptus staphylinus 32 p,5 6 ; Attheyella nakaii 1 6 ; Attheyella crmsa 1 P ;Bryocamptus zschokkei 1 ? ; Bryocamptus calvus 9 P,1 6 ; Elaphoidella grandidiem' 1 ? .

Cyclopoida

1 . Halicyclops sp.

Remarks : This species was previously reported occurring in the Chitose River a t a 70 km
distance from the estuary (Ishida 1984) and in the tidal reaches of Yoichi River, Hokkaido(Ishida 1989b). As in the case of the Chitose River, this species occurred far from the estuary
in the mountain streams of Kyushu and Ishigaki I. (LOC.No. 5, 6 and 12).
2 . Macrocyclops sp.

Remarks : The occurrence of this Macrocyclops species (Ishida 1989a) in Kyushu has been
revealed by the sampling at mountain trickles of LOC.No. 11.
Harpacticoida1 . Nitocra platypus bakeri Chappuis, 1930
(Plate 1)

Nitocra platypus bakeri Chappuis, 1930, p. 143 (not consulted).
Nitocra platypus bakeri Chappuis. Lang 1948, p. 817 ; Miura 1962, p. 95 ; Miura 1984, p. 505.
Materials illustrated : Hichi River, Okinawa I. (LOC.No. 4), 10 January 1989.
42

Ishida : Copepods in Japanese Mountain Waters

Remarks: This species was reported by Miura (1962) from caves of Tokunoshima I.,
Amami Is., and Okinawa I. Miura (1984) also reported its occurrence in Ishigaki I. In mysamples it was found in the streams of Okinawa I. (LOC.No. 1 and 4).

2 . Canthocamptus staphylinus (Jurine)

Remarks : The species was found only a t a ditch by a forest edge in Kyushu (Loc. No. 13).
This is the present known southernmost occurrence in Japan.

3 . Canthocamptus sp. 3

Remarks : This species occurred abundantly at trickles in the northwestern part of Kyushu(LOC.No. 10). As was seen in the range of Canthocamptus sp. 5 near Kyoto City (Ishida 1989a),
this species shows a sympatric distribution with C. sp. 5 in this region. Only one individual
was caught at trickles in the eastern part of Kyushu (LOC.No. 11).

4 . Canthocamptus sp. 5
Remarks : The present study clarified that Kyushu and Tsushima I. are the main distribution ranges of this species, where it occurs abundantly and predominantly (LOC.No. 8., 9,10 and11). The, isolated population of Canthocamptus sp. in a narrow range near Kyoto Cyty,
contrary t o the ancient glacial relict of C. mirabilis suggested by Ishida (1989af, may be theinterglacial relict of this species.
5 . Canthocamptus morimotoi Miura, 1969
(Plate 2)

Canthocamptus morimotoi Miura, 1969, p. 243.
Materials illustrated : Izuhara, Tsushima I. (LOC.No. S), 7 March 1989.
Remarks : This species was reported by Miura (1969) from a cave of South Korea. Theoccurrence in Tsushima I. (LOC.No.8) is the first record in Japan. As far as the present
survey shows, C. morimotoi is dominated by the abundant C. sp. 5 in Tsushima I.
6 . Attheyella cozflaiti Chappuis

Remarks : In the northwestern part of Kyushu and Tsushima I., the predominant Attheyellaspecies is replaced by Attheyella coiflaiti (LOC.No. 8, 9 and 10).
7 . Attheyella nakaii (Brehm)

Remarks : This species occurred widely in Kyushu and Ryukyu Is. (LOC.No. 3, 6, 7, 10, 1143

and 13). The species has the widest distribution range among the Japanese endemic harpacticoids, i. e. from the southwestern part of Hokkaido, Northern Japan, to Iriomote I., thesouthernmost island of Japan.
8 . Attheyella crassa (Sars)

Remarks : Only a few individuals were caught on Kyushu and Tsushima I. (LOC.No. 8, 11and 131.

9 . Attheyella sp. M

Remarks : Only a few individuals were caught on Kyushu and Tsushima I. (LOC.No. 8, 9and 10).
10. Moraria varica (Graeter)

Remarks : Only one individual was caught a t Yaka, Okinawa I. (LOC.No. 1). This is therecord of the southernmost distribution in Japan.

11. Bryocamptus zschokkei (Schmeil)

Remarks : This species was found commonly in Kyushu, Tsushima I. and Okinawa I. (LOC.
No. 1, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 13). N o individuals were caught a t Ishigaki I. and Iriomote I.

12. Bryocamptus calvus (Brehm)
Remarks: As for the previous B. species, Bryocamptus calvus occurred abundantly inKyushu, Tsushima I. and Okinawa I. (LOC.No. 1, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13), and no individuals
were caught at Ishigaki I. and Iriomote I.

13. Bryocamptus nivulis (Willey)

Remarks: A considerable number of Bryocamptus nivalis were caught in streams on
Ishigaki I. and Iriomote I. (LOC.Do. 5, 6 and 7). As Fig. 2 shows, the individuals of both sexes
are lacking the spinular rows on the 4th thoracic segment. However, the ornamentation of theendopodites of legs 2-4 of the female, an important characteristic of the species, has novariation.

14. Eluphoidellu bidens (Schmeil)

Remarks : This cosmopolitan was caught in the streams on Okinawa I. (LOC.No. 1, 3 and4).
44

Ishida : Copepods in Japanese Mountain WatersabI0.Imm

Ia,bI

4c-fFig. 2.

B7yocamptus niualis (Willey) of Ishigaki I. (LOC.No. 6). a-4th thoracic
segment and abdomen of female ; bof male ; c-endopodite of P2 offemale ; d-endopodite of P3 of female ; e-endopodite of P4 of female ; f-P5of female.

15. Eluphoidella grundidieri (Guerne & Richard 1893)(Plate 3)

Cunthocamptus grundidieri Guerne & Richard, 1893, p. 234 (not consulted)
Elaphoidella grandidieri (Guerne & Richard). Lang, 1948, p. 1136 ; Tai & Song 1979, p.
248 ; Kikuchi 1985, p. 1.
Canthocumptus grandidieri de Guerne & Richard. Hamond 1987, p. 1078.
Materials illustrated : a & g Hosomi, Miyazaki Pref. (LOC.No. 13), 8 March 1989 ; b-f
Yaka, Okinawa I. (LOC.No. l),2 April 1987.
Remarks : This lowland water species was caught on Kyushu and Okinawa I. (LOC.No. 145

16. Onychocamptus vitiospinulosa (Shen & Tai, 1963)(Plate 4)

Laophonte vitiospinulosa Shen & T a i 1963, p. 423.
Onychocamptus vitiospinulosa (Shen & Tai). T a i and Song 1979, p. 264.
Materials illustrated : Ishigaki I. (LOC.No. 5), 11 January 1989.
Remarks : A number of individuals were caught in the streams on Okinawa I. and Ishigaki
I. (LOC. No. 1, 4 and 5).

Acknowledgements

I express my deep appreciation to Dr. Yoshiaki Kikuchi, Ibaraki University, who gave me
helpful1 advice and facilities for literature. My thanks are also due t o staff members ofKasuya Experiment Forest, Kyushu University, and Mr. Y. Takahira, Nobeoka City, who gavem e facilities for this work.

References
Chappuis, P. A. (1930) : Copepoda Harpacticoida von der Insel Luzon, Philippinen. Philippine Jour. ofSci. 41, 143-149.
Guerne, J. de and J. Richard (1893) : Canthocamptus grandidiem', Alona cambouei, nouveaux entomostraces d'eau douce de Madagasucar. Mem. SOC.2001. France 6, 234.
Hamrnond, R. (1987) : Non-rnarine harpacticoid copepods of Australia. I. Canthocamptidae of thegenus Canthocamptus Westwood s. lat. and Fibulacamptus, gen. nov., and including thedescription of a related new species of Canthocamptus from New Caledonia. Invertebr. Taxon.
I, 1023-247.
Ishida, T. (1984) : On the newly discovered three species of copepod Halicyclops sp., Acanthocyclops

uenustoides bispinosus (Yeatman) and Attheyella dentata (Poggenpol) from freshwaters of
Hokkaido, Japan. Sci. Rep. Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery (38), 51-56. (in Japanese with English
summary).
Ishida, T. (1987) : Freshwater harpacticoid copepods of Hokkaido, northern Japan. Sci. Rep. Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery (41), 77-119.
Ishida, T. (1989a) : Copepods in the mountain waters of Honshfi, Japan. Sci. Rep. Hokkaido Salmon
Hatchery (43), 1-21.
Ishida, T. (1989b) : Copepods in the tidal reaches of the River Yoichi, westcoast of Hokkaido. Sci.
Rep. Hokkaido Salmon Hatchery (43), 23-27. (in Japanese with English summary)
Kikuchi, Y. (1985) : Redescription of a freshwarer harpacticoid copepod, Elaphoidella grandidieri(Guerne & Richard, 18931, from a swamp a t Itako, central Japan. Publ. Itako Hydrobiol. Stn.
46Ishida : COpepodsin Japanese MOuntain

Waters2, 1‑8.
Lang, K. (1948): MOnographic

der Harpacticiden. 1683pp. Hakan

Ohlsseons BOktryckeri, Lund.

Miura Y. (1969): Results of the speleological survey tn SOuth KOrea 1966 XIV.
pacticoid copepods of SOuth KOrea. Bul1. Nat. Sci. Mus.

Subterranean har‑12, 241‑254.

Miura Y. (1984): Nippon no rikusuisan Harpacticoida. Nippon/Chugoku

Tansuisan Kai‑ashi rui, 500‑563. (in Japanese)
Shen, C. ‑J. and A. Tai (1963): On five new species,
copepoda (Harpacticoida) froma newsubgenus anda newgenus

the delta of the Pearl River, SOuth China. Acta

Of freshwater
ZO01. Sinica

15, 417‑432.
Tai, A. and Y. SOng (1979): Fauna

Sinica. Crustacea, Freshwater copepoda.

九州，対馬および沖縄諸島の山地水域のかいあ
石田 昭

450pp. Peking

し類夫

九州，対馬および沖縄諸島の山地水域から採集した13 試料に含まれていたかいあ
し類について種の同定と個体数の算定を行った えられた種はケンミジンコ
17 種とソコミジンコ
16 種であった ソコミジンコは・・16 種中6 種が北海道と共通でi3 種が本州と共通である ． それぞれの種について分布域，密度，生息場所等についてのべた摘要と，木研究で新たにえられた種について記述した．

47

f. P 5 , fr-0.Immab- f\Plate 1.

48-Nitocra platjpus baheri Chappuis

Ishida : Copepods in Japanese Mountain Waters

I. Fu,m0.Imm
aw

Plate 2.

Canthocamptus movimotoi Miura.

49

Plate 3.

50

Elaphoidella grandidieri (Guerne & Richard).

Ishida : Copepods in Japanese Mountain Waters

0.Irnmc--------(0b- j

Plate 4.

Onychocamptus vitiospinulosa (Shen & Tai)

51