★★★ ＜第29回知的財産翻訳検定試験【第14回英文和訳】＞ ★★★
≪１級課題 -化学-≫【解答にあたっての注意】
１．問題の指示により和訳してください。
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４．課題は４題あります。それぞれの課題の指示に従い、４題すべて解答してください。

問１． 次の記述はある英語明細書からの抜粋です。この記述のうち、***START***と***END***との間の部分（１か所）を和訳してください。
***START***
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Door assemblies having outer panels or skins formed of a fiber
reinforced plastic are well known. Such door assemblies typically include awood frame and an insulative core sandwiched between the outer skins.
Further, the skins are typically molded with the outer surface having a woodgrain appearance such that the skins can be stained to simulate theappearance of a solid wood door.

A number of patents disclose door

assembles using reinforced polymer door skins, including U.S. Pat. Nos.
3,950,894; 4,550,540; 4,864,789; 4,720,951; 4,850,168; 4,860,512; 4,901,493;
4,922,674; and 5,142,835.
A number of companies, including the assignee of the present invention,offer commercially a fiber reinforced thermoset plastic door in which theskins are formed by compression molding a sheet molding compound (SMC).
SMC typically includes a molding resin of unsaturated polyester polymer
blended with a vinyl monomer such as styrene. The SMC includes on theorder of 20 to 25 percent by weight glass fiber reinforcement and 10 to 40
percent by weight of inert filler material, typically calcium carbonate. The
molded door skins have a relatively large surface area, approximately 18
square feet but are relatively thin on the order of 0.070 inch to 0.120 inch.
***END***

The SMC is formed by blending resin and filler to form a resin paste.
The resin paste is deposited on a moving plastic carrier film passing directly
beneath. Simultaneously, glass fiber rovings are fed into a rotary chopper
above the resin coated carrier film. The fibers are cut to length, e.g., 1 inch,
and are randomly deposited on the underlying layer of resin. Downstream
from the chopping operation, a second carrier film is coated with resin paste
and is laid, resin side down, on top of the chopped fibers.

問２． 以下の英文を和訳してください。
As used herein, the term “roughened surface” includes both the surface of athree-dimensionally porous material as well as a solid surface having certain
topographies, whether they have regular, quasi-regular, or random networkof patterns.
In certain embodiments, the roughened surface may be a porous surface
layer comprising randomly, regularly, or quasi-regularly arranged
three-dimensionally interconnected network of pores.
In other embodiments, the roughened surface may be a patterned surface
layer comprising randomly, regularly, or quasi-regularly arranged
two-dimensionally network of patterns.
The two-dimensionally network of patterns can include “blind patterns” (orblind pores) and/or interconnected patterns.
The porous or patterned designs may be independent of one another, or may
be partly in contact with one another. Examples of the porous designs
include circles, ellipses, and polygons, e.g., triangles or hexagons. Examplesof patterns include a checker pattern, honeycomb pattern, chain pattern, andvarious geometrical patterns each made up of rectangles closely arranged soas to be partly in contact with one another, and further include linearpatterns.

問３． 次の記述はある英語明細書からの抜粋です。この記述のうち、***START***と***END***との間の部分（2 か所）を和訳してください。
***START***
EXAMPLES[0119] Steel substrates used in the following examples were mild steel, 4130
steel, or 4340 steel specimens.
Example 1[0120] The first four components of Example 1 were mixed together anddissolved in water followed by the last two components. The pH of Example 1was 5.
***END***（省略）***START***[0122] Using the electrolyte solutions of Example 1, CMMA zinc-manganesealloy coatings were deposited by a pulse current method by alternating
pulses at two different current densities, 20 mA/cm2 and 80 mA/cm2. The
pulse duration of each pulse was performed such that substantially equal
layer thicknesses at each current density were achieved and 50 layers at
each current density were deposited alternatively using a Dynatronix Pulse
rectifier. A total of 100 layers having a total thickness of about 20 microns
was achieved. The deposition was performed in a single bath vessel.
[0123] For the electrolyte solution of Example 1, the zinc-manganese alloy
layers deposited at 20 mA/cm2 had a manganese content of about 0.8 wt %,while the zinc-manganese alloy layers deposited at 80 mA/cm2 had amanganese content of about 2.7 wt %.
***END***備考）CMMA：composition modulated multilayered alloy問４． 以下の英文を、特許庁の【特許請求の範囲】の形式で和訳してください。
CLAIMS
1. A method for preparing a fibrous material of crosslinked microfibrillated
cellulose, said method comprising the steps of:i. spinning a cellulose composition comprising or consisting of dialdehyde
microfibrillated cellulose (DA-MFC) into a fibrous material;
ii. reducing the pH of said fibrous material to pH 7 or below, to provide crosslinking of the dialdehyde microfibrillated cellulose.
2. The method according to claim 1, additionally comprising the step ofheat-treatment of said fibrous material, suitably concurrently orsubsequently with the step of pH reduction.
3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pH
is reduced to below pH 6.5, suitably below pH 5, preferably below pH 4.
4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein thecrosslinking takes place in the absence of any additional crosslinking agents.
5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said
dialdehyde microfibrillated cellulose (DA-MFC) is obtained by reacting
cellulose pulp fibres with periodate, so as to introduce aldehyde moieties tothe cellulose pulp fibres, and subsequently fibrillating said modified cellulose
pulp fibres.