Survey of Prehistoric and Ancient Period
Architectural Reconstructions in Japan
John ERTL1
ABSTRACTThis article introduces a database of prehistoric and ancient period architectural reconstructions inJapan. The results show there have been 984 buildings erected at 340 diﬀerent locations since 1932.
This article compares these results with the only previous nationwide survey conducted in 1978.
Discussion analyzes the data collection methods between these surveys and examines the problem ofdata preservation surrounding architectural reconstructions at archaeological sites. In conclusion,
this article suggests that the lack of proper recording of reconstructed buildings may impact the
public perception of archaeology such that sites with reconstructions may be regarded as moresigniﬁcant to the history of Japan than those without.
KEYWORDS: architectural reconstructions, site development, experimental archaeology, data
digitalization, archaeological education, Japan

1.

Introduction

This article introduces a database of prehistoric and ancient period architectural
reconstructions in Japan that has identiﬁed 984 buildings at 340 locations (see Appendix).
Most of these are pit dwellings and post-in-hole structures that represent archaeologicalremains from the Paleolithic through Heian periods (c. 18000BC–AD1185) (Figures 1
and 2). The only previous nationwide survey was conducted in 1978 by the Nara National
Research Institute for Cultural Properties (Nabunken), which found 159 buildings at 96
sites. As the Nabunken survey provides a baseline for understanding reconstruction trends
in Japan, this article provides an expansion and comparison of its results. Discussion
centers on data collection methods and examines the problem of data preservation
surrounding reconstructions at archaeological sites. In conclusion, this article suggests thatlack of proper recording of reconstructed buildings may impact the public perception ofarchaeology such that sites with reconstructions may be regarded as more signiﬁcant to thehistory of Japan than sites without.

1 Faculty of Economics, Keio University, 4–1–1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku Ward, Yokohama, 223–0061, Japan(jjertl@keio.jp)
Category: Original Article Received: 22 July 2020; Accepted: 19 January 2021
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY 8 (2021): 157–199

John ERTL

Figure 1. Jomon Period pit dwellings at Togariishi-Yosukeone Site designed by Horiguchi Sutemi(21 October 2017)

Figure 2. Kofun Period storehouse at Hoenzaka Site, located in front of Osaka Museum of History(3 June 2017)© Japanese Archaeological Association

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SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN2. Archaeological Reconstruction in Japanese Archaeology
In the context of site development in Japan, the terms reconstruction (fukugen) andreconstructed buildings (fukugen tatemono) refer to present-day structures that are meant to
replicate buildings from in the past. Most of these buildings are located at archaeologicalsites, erected directly above architectural features discovered during excavation, andseparated by a layer of new soil (vertical displacement). Others are located at history
museums, schools, residential developments, campgrounds, and athletic parks. For site
administrators, reconstructions assist in fulfilling different mandates including heritage
preservation and utilization, historical education, municipal development, and local identity
construction (Sakazume, ed. 2012), and depending upon which aims are emphasized, thechoice of design, materials, and other characteristics of the buildings may vary broadly(Figures 3 and 4) (Ertl 2013, 2017a, 2017b).
Prehistoric and ancient period buildings in Japan were, for the most part, originally madewith organic materials. As such, the present-day remains are limited to pits and postholes,
hearths and stoves, and exceptional cases of charred wood (Takada 1998) or waterlogged
remains (Sakuramachi-iseki hakkutsu-chōsadan 2005). Ancient depictions of architecture
exist in stylized inscriptions on pottery and bronze mirrors from the Yayoi period(300BCE–250AD) and as terracotta sculptures from the Kofun period (250–538AD) (Fujita
and Koga, ed. 1999, 15), but these representations do not translate directly into architecturaldesigns. Scientiﬁc analysis of remains may be used to determine what materials were used
(Obayashi Co., ed. 1998) and experiments with reconstructions have provided informationon the processes of manufacture, usage, and deposition (Harada 1984; Takada 1998;
Yamada 2017). Yet despite this broad research on ancient dwellings, the lack of remains
means that building reconstructions is inevitably an imaginative activity, one that reﬂects
the times and people who built them in the present (Stanley-Price 2009, 37; Aoyagi 2010,2080).
For site developers, the option to rebuild often depends upon the location, extent of the
excavation area, and whether it is a designated historic site (shitei-shiseki). Reconstructedbuildings are thought to aid in site preservation and management, as they create newhistorical landscapes that draw the interest of residents and outsiders (Maekawa 2017). One
problem with site development in Japan is that there are few prehistoric remains that canbe seen above ground, with exceptions such as Jomon Period stone circles or Kofun Periodburial mounds. When archaeological sites are preserved, new soil is usually deposited
above remains, which unless developed will become an empty field that may quickly
overgrow. To avoid such a fate, management authorities often consider architectural
reconstructions as part of the comprehensive plan for site preservation and management.
Development decisions are often made though a lengthy process of negotiation that is© Japanese Archaeological Association

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Figure 3. Bark and sod roof pit dwellings at Umenoki Site (Jomon Period), Yamanashi Prefecture(19 November 2020)

Figure 4. Concrete pit house based on remains from Isarago Shell Midden (Jomon Period) andlocated at Mitadai Park, Tokyo (29 April 2017)© Japanese Archaeological Association

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likely to include politicians and local chambers of commerce alongside archaeologists andboards of education (Fawcett 1996). With multiple stakeholders involved, the historicalaccuracy of these buildings is only one of what might be several competing considerations.
For instance, according to Inoue (2007), two designs for a large pillar building at
Ikegami-Sone Site in Osaka Prefecture were debated among the designers, academics,
administrators, and politicians involved. One design drew from Shinto shrine architecture
and the other was inspired by Southeast Asian longhouses. The eventual selection of thelonghouse was justified in that it was thought to more-accurately reflect the excavatedremains and, as an additional bonus, its idiosyncratic shape was hoped to garner attention
from potential tourists.
This study recognizes that reconstructed buildings are essential features of development,
preservation, and utilization activities at Japanese archaeological sites. Documenting
where these building are located, how many there are, who designed them, how they are
maintained, and if they have been removed are important aspects of the post-war historyof archaeological site development in Japan. As building reconstructions will continue tobe a fundamental part of site preservation, this comprehensive list of prehistoric dwellings
provides a starting point for comparative research that can underlie better approaches toreconstruction.

3. Background Research: Nabunken Survey of Reconstructed
Ancient Dwellings
The widespread presence of reconstructions in Japanese archaeology is downplayed by
the lack of comprehensive research on them. Documentation is vast, but it is locatedover a variety of sources of diﬀering quality. One may ﬁnd information in polished site
development reports, academic articles on speciﬁc projects (Sekino 1951; Otabi, Imajo, andAsakawa 2010; Aoyagi 2010), newspaper reports on new buildings (Taniguchi 2018), blogs
of site volunteers and avid travelers, online images, and in the storage ﬁles of museums andboards of education.
The only previous national database of reconstructions was made by Nabunken in March
1978 in a report titled “survey of reconstructed ancient dwellings.” It was prepared byunnamed authors of the Conservation Technique Section at the Center of Archaeological
Operations, and the report was one of its first accomplishments after being establishedin October 1977. The publication contains a one-page overview of the topic, one-page
discussion of results, a six-page list of sites with reconstructions, and architectural drawings
from several sites.
The Nabunken article begins by laying out two principles of site development: ﬁrst toensure the preservation of the site and second to explain the site to the public (ippan no© Japanese Archaeological Association

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hito) in a form that is easy to understand. This, they explain, underlies the dilemma ofreconstructions. Building above-ground structures involves conjecture and thus produces
inaccuracies, yet to display architectural features simply as they reappear during excavation
does little to help the average visitor understand what they reﬂect (Nabunken 1978, 2).
The authors continue to outline two complications. First is the issue of accuracy, where
the uncertainty in the design of reconstructed buildings is primarily due to the lack ofremains. Of equal concern is that there was (at the time of writing in 1978) no establishedacademic tradition (as with research on ancient temples) that could be drawn from andexpanded upon. The second problem, they explain, is that reconstructions tend to ﬁx theimage of the site into a form that represents only one of many diverse transformations thathave taken place over time (1978, 2). Due of these problems, the authors do not recommend
reconstructions as a method of site preservation. Rather, they are more useful as a type ofexperimental archaeology, which may contribute to a better academic understanding of the
lives and activities of people in the past and, at the same time, provide clues as to what ismeant by the act of preservation in the present (1978, 2).
In the “investigation results” section, the authors explain that information was solicitedfrom prefectural boards of education, although there is no discussion on how the survey
was conducted. The list of sites and buildings is divided into nine categories: (1) site name;(2) address; (3) building type; (4) archaeological period; (5) number of buildings; (6)year completed; (7) designer; (8) management authority; and (9) reference materials andremarks. The Nabunken list includes 159 buildings at 96 sites in 34 diﬀerent prefectures.
In conclusion, the authors raise a concern about the availability of information:
The most noteworthy point is that there are almost no reports on reconstructions, andeven when they are made it is rare for one to include design speciﬁcations or details
regarding expenses. Incidentally, when expenses were outlined, the costs averaged
around one million yen and, moreover, these reports have pointed to the diﬃculty inobtaining thatch or the craftsmen to make roofs. This appears to be a bottleneck whenit comes time for maintenance. (1978, 3)
Nabunken’s concern about the lack of records is a problem that continues today. There
are some expectations for recording site developments, as national historic sites (kuni-shitei
shiseki) are expected to publish “environmental improvement project reports” (kankyō
seibi-jigyō hōkokusho) following completion. The earliest of these appears in the 1980s(Kuguno Town Board of Education 1983), but they only started to become commonplacefrom the late 1990s. Among these publications there is no continuity of information andsome contain no information on reconstructed buildings at all. Furthermore, there are only
a few cases where follow-up information has been provided to help understand the issues© Japanese Archaeological Association

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SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPANsurrounding maintenance and upkeep (Ichinohe Town Board of Education 2007, 2017).
To share information and strategies on site management, the Japanese Association for
Preservation of Cultural Properties (bunkazai-hozon zenkoku kyōgikai) and the National
Archaeological Site Improvement Council (zenkoku iseki kankyō seibi kaigi) have hosted
conferences and published reports from the 1970s (Japanese Association for Preservationof Cultural Properties 2006). Established in 2003, the Japanese Society for Cultural
Heritage (Nihon iseki-gakkai) has been working to turn archaeological site management
into an academic research ﬁeld and reconstructed buildings are introduced at conferences
and in publications. Even with these organizations in place, the vast data on reconstructedprehistoric dwellings remains inconsistently and sporadically recorded.
As with the Nabunken survey, this present study agrees that proper recordingof reconstruction practices is vital for sharing knowledge on the challenges of sitemanagement and preservation. It is a basic step in building an academic tradition that
can advance our knowledge of this past and help alleviate concerns over the accuracyof reconstructed buildings. It is, moreover, necessary for developing a clear view of the
beneﬁts and limitations of reconstructions in advancing the broader aims of archaeologicaleducation and site preservation.

4. Database of Reconstructed Prehistoric Dwellings: Overview
and Methodology
The data presented in this article were collected for the author’s research project titled,“database of reconstructed archaeological sites in Japan.” The aim has been to produce acomprehensive list of sites with reconstructed buildings and details on their locations, thepeople who designed them, and what materials were used. The hope is this database may
be used to understanding trends in archaeological site development and changes in theperception of prehistoric architecture in twentieth century Japan. The information collected
to date has been made available online (https://tateana.org). This section explains what
information was sought after, the diﬀerent resources utilized, how data were classiﬁed, andthe selection criteria for the information presented in the Appendix.

4.1

Collection criteria

Deciding what kinds of buildings to include is not entirely straightforward. In principle,
the buildings in this list are structures based upon archaeological evidence from on-sitefeatures, features from nearby sites, and “model reconstructions” that are based on existing
reconstructions from other sites. The list includes buildings made with the structural frame(honegumi) but no rooﬁng materials. It also includes buildings made out of inauthentic
materials such as reinforced concrete or metal. Reconstructions that no longer exist due to© Japanese Archaeological Association

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Figure 5. Example of indoor reconstructions (Jomon Period), located at Niigata Prefectural
History Museum (9 June 2017). These and other indoor displays are not included in this publication.

decay, ﬁre, or lack of maintenance have been recorded, as they provide clues as to why andhow reconstructions fall into disuse.
The types of buildings not included are palaces, temples, castles, and other structures
where there are existing structures or documents to reference in designs. Information was
not collected for reconstructed archaeological features (pits and postholes as they appear
during excavation), reconstructions that are limited to posts or rows of pillars (woodcircles are included), buildings built as indoor museum displays (Figure 5), or digitalreconstructions that use virtual or augmented reality technology (e.g., Kameta 2018).
There are many sites recorded for the database project, but which are excluded fromthe list in this publication. These include buildings that draw design inspiration fromprehistoric dwellings but are built for vastly diﬀerent purposes: such as camping lodges (OnoTown Furusaro Activities Village, Oita) or public toilets designed as pit houses (Kizukuri
Station, Aomori). In general, it excludes reconstructions identiﬁed as temporary displays(festivals or educational activities) and those built by individuals for personal use. Further
exclusions are structures that have been identiﬁed by the author, but whose existence wasreported as unknown by management authorities (Ise Site, Shiga). Finally, there are several
sites that likely had reconstructed buildings in the past, but no reliable resources have yet
been found to conﬁrm them (Jiyu Gakuen Site, Tokyo).

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4.2

Locating sites and information on buildings

4.3

Categories included in list

The primary challenge was identifying sites with reconstructed buildings. In contrast to the
Nabunken survey where information was solicited from prefectural archaeologists, the datacollection for this project initially relied on internet-based resources. Research began in
July 2016 using image search engines to visually conﬁrm the presence of reconstructions
at national and prefectural historical sites. Further keyword searches of terms such asreconstruction (fukugen), pit dwelling (tateana jūkyo), or raised ﬂoor (takayuka-shiki) weremade alongside the names of prefectures and archaeological periods. Just over two hundred
sites were discovered in this way over one month of periodic searching.
Several additional resources assisted in identifying sites. The first was the abovementioned survey by Nabunken, which provided information on many sites that remained
undiscovered after the initial search. A second source was “travel guide” websites, which
revealed many new locations, notably several campgrounds and amusement parks. Third,
several site-development reports and museum publications introduced new sites withreconstructions (Oku Town Board of Education 1988, 69; Mizukokaizuka Museum 2017).
A ﬁnal resource was a self-published book by Yamamoto Toshihiro (2018) that includes alist of 252 locations with pit dwellings. This book was ﬁrst viewed while this manuscript
was being prepared for publication and it provided approximately 30 new entries.
Finding information on the site location and the managing authority was straightforward.
What proved more challenging was compiling data on the buildings such as the date ofconstruction, the name of designer, and materials used in construction. The diﬃculty stems
from this information being distributed over a variety of sources and formats. In practice,no single resource for any site provided information for every category sought out. The
author searched through various print and digital resources and additional data werecollected during visits to sites and in discussions with museum staﬀ and volunteers.
Site management authorities were contacted to complete the data collection for thispublication. Requests for information attempted to conﬁrm: (1) the date of construction,(2) the designer (sekkei-sha or kanshū-sha), (3) whether the building was based upon andlocated directly above an archaeological feature, and (4) a list of publications. Authorities
for 213 different sites were contacted with 180 responding to written and telephone
requests. Among the responses, there were many cases where no records remained, and theinformation was unknown to the current staﬀ. More than once, the lack of information was
attributed to documents lost during the process of municipal restructuring in the 2000s.
The results presented in the Appendix are divided into the following categories: (1) sitename and municipality; (2) designation; (3) year built; (4) total number of buildings; (5)archaeological period; (6) number of each building type; (7) building type; (8) designer;© Japanese Archaeological Association

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(9) location; and (10) notes. The diﬀerences between the Nabunken list are the additionof the site designation and the omission of address, managing authority, and references.
In most cases, the managing authority is the municipal board of education or associatedmuseum and information on them can be easily accessed online. A list of references was
not compiled for this publication.
This list provides the name of the municipality and the GPS location for sites rather
than a postal address. Addresses often do not help in locating a site as they may demark
an area too wide to be useful or contain address numbers that are unrecognized by online
maps. The locations recorded in this publication are GPS coordinates displayed in decimaldegrees and denote the location of one of the reconstructed buildings at a site or museum
ground. Coordinates were obtained using Google Earth and Google Maps satellite images
and follow the World Geodeitc System (WGS 84).
Year built refers to when a reconstruction was ﬁrst erected. For cases where buildings are
no longer standing or the numbers of buildings has decreased, this information is recordedin the notes section. In cases where the duration of construction covers a span over one
year, a range was recorded. Archaeological period denotes the age that a reconstructedbuilding represents, not that of the site as a whole. When identiﬁed, the speciﬁed phase(incipient, initial, early, middle, late, ﬁnal) of the archaeological period was recorded.
The category “designer” denotes the name of the individuals or architectural ﬁrms mostdirectly involved in the decisions about the shape of the structure and materials used. Many
management authorities did not identify a speciﬁc individual, but rather attributed credit

Figure 6. Wood circle and raised ﬂoor building at Sakuramachi Site (Jomon Period), Toyama (16May 2012)© Japanese Archaeological Association

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Figure 7.

Stone-paved dwellings at Kinsei Site (Jomon Period), Yamanashi (2 December 2017)

to the board of education, residents or volunteer groups, or the firm that produced theblueprints for construction.
Building types are divided into ﬁve main categories: pit (tateana-shiki), ﬂat-land (heichishiki), stone-paved (shiki-ishi jūkyo), raised ﬂoor (takayuka-shiki), and pillar (hottatebashiratatemono). The list also includes a few examples of wood circles (kanjō mokuchū-retsu)(Figure 6) and one iron furnace (seitetsuro). The ﬁve main categories are shared with the1978 Nabunken list with the addition of “pillar” buildings which only began to be built atsites since the 1990s. These terms reﬂect the basic structure of the building and the locationof the floor (below ground, ground level, or above ground). Stone-paved buildings are
unique to the Jomon Period and have ground-level or subterranean ﬂoors that are pavedwith ﬂat stones (Figure 7). Pillar buildings are formed with pillars and roofs but have no
above-ground ﬂoor. In principle, the building types recorded in the database reﬂect thoseused by managing authorities.

5.

Results and Comparisons

The Appendix identiﬁes 984 reconstructed buildings at 340 diﬀerent sites. Among these, 820
buildings are currently standing at 263 sites. They are located in every prefecture except
for Kochi. The prefectures with the most sites are Nagano (32), Tokyo (17), Hokkaido(15), Saitama (15), Niigata (14), and Fukushima (13). The prefectures with the fewest© Japanese Archaeological Association

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are Nagasaki (1), Okinawa (1), Tokushima (2), Ehime (2), and Miyazaki (2). The sites
are distributed between 283 diﬀerent municipalities (16.2% of the 1741 municipalities inJapan), with 36 municipalities having 2 sites and 11 with 3 sites. Nationally, approximately
70% of all these sites are located in eastern Japan (Chubu, Kanto, Tohoku, and Hokkaido)(Table 1).
Divided by prefecture, the largest number of reconstructions are found in Saga (106),
followed by Nagano (76), Hyogo (45), Hokkaido (39), Niigata (39), and Fukuoka (38).
The sites with the most buildings are Yoshinogari (98), Sannai Maruyama (19), Mukibanda(19), Haranotsuji (17), Goshono (16), Hiraide (16), and Hitachi Fudoki no Oka (16). Whenlooking at the average number of buildings per site, the national average is 2.9 (Table2). Looking at prefectures with at least 5 sites, the highest average is found in Saga, withan average of 21.2 over 5 sites (reﬂecting the 98 buildings at Yoshinogari), followed by
Fukuoka (4.75), Kagoshima (4.4), Hyogo (4.0), and Gifu (3.75). In contrast, Tokyo has thesecond most sites but only 23 buildings (1.35 per site), placing it among the lowest average
Table 1.

Distribution of reconstructed sites and buildings by geographical region
Geographical Region

Sites

Buildings

Hokkaido and Tohoku ｜北海道・東北
Kanto ｜関東
Chubu ｜中部
Kansai ｜関西
Chugoku and Shikoku ｜中国・四国
Kyushu and Okinawa ｜九州・沖縄

62
76
95
40
35
32

186
159
234
98
82
225

Total ｜総計

340

984

Table 2.

Number of sites and buildings based on designation status
Designation

Sites

Buildings

Average

None ｜なし
Municipal ｜市町村
Prefectural ｜県
National ｜国Special National ｜特別

138
60
36
98
8

283
90
72
370
169

2.1
1.5
2.0
3.8
21.1

Total ｜総計

340

984

2.9

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SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPANin the nation.
The 984 buildings are divided into the following archaeological periods: paleolithic(4), Jomon (395), Yayoi (380), Kofun (111), Asuka (5), Nara (32), Heian (33), Epi-Jomon(3), Satsumon culture (17), Okhotsk culture (3), and unknown (1) (Figure 8). Nearly 80%
are from Jomon and Yayoi periods and most fall into the Middle Jomon and Late Yayoi
phases. Even though the actual number of Jomon and Yayoi buildings is similar, there aresubstantially more Jomon (175) than Yayoi sites (113). This apparent bias in the average
numbers of buildings at Jomon sites (2.25) versus Yayoi sites (3.36) is greatly reduced
when removing Yoshinogari from consideration (lowering to 2.49 for the Yayoi Period).
The substantially lower number of reconstructions at Kofun Period and the Ancient Period(Asuka to Nara) sites may reﬂect a shift in the types of structures built at outdoor parks:
including burial mounds, temples, castles, and other types of buildings that are not includedin this dataset.
Examining the relationship between the site designation and numbers of reconstructions(Table 2), there is a substantially higher average number of buildings at national and special
national historical sites. Regardless of designation, the overall average is 2.9 buildings
per site (or 2.6 if removing the 98 buildings at Yoshinogari site from the average). The 98
national historical sites have a total of 370 buildings (average 3.8). The 8 special national
historical sites contain 169 buildings (average 21). Even removing Yoshinogari from theseﬁgures, the average is still 10 per site. Notably, the 4 Jomon and 3 Yayoi sites in this list
represent all the special national historical sites from these periods, suggesting that there
is a strong correlation between a site’s perceived importance and the presence of multiple
reconstructed buildings. This correlation does not extend into the Kofun Period special
historical sites, however, as only 1 of 9 of them have reconstructed buildings.

Figure 8.

Division of reconstructed buildings based on identiﬁed archaeological period© Japanese Archaeological Association

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5.1

Comparison with Nabunken List

Where Nabunken identified Togariishi-Yosukeone as the first site to construct areconstructed building in 1949, this list contains two earlier sites. First is Indate Stone
Age Dwelling Site in Nagano built in 1932 and designed by archaeologist Yawata Ichiro
and anthropologist Torii Ryuzo. The second is Musashino Folklore Museum in Kogane,Tokyo (currently Inokashira Park Zoo) built in 1948. The 2 pit dwellings and 2 raised
ﬂoor buildings were designed by archaeologist Goto Shuichi and represent Jomon, Yayoi,
Kofun, and Nara period structures.
Today, 58 of the 95 sites (60%) listed by Nabunken in 1978 still have buildings standing.
33 of the 37 sites (90%) that no longer have reconstructions only had 1 building, suggestingthat small-scale projects have been less sustainable. Considering that the buildings in the
Nabunken list were built over forty years ago, it is certain that all have been repaired andrebuilt more than once. Several of the earliest sites have since been redeveloped with morebuildings (Hiraide, Kasori, Togariishi-Yosukeone, and Toro sites). The increase may be
attributed to the perceived importance of these sites and the availability of national fundingfor development.
Two trends identiﬁed in the Nabunken report have changed over the past forty years.
First, the report noted that 88% of the buildings were pit dwellings, with only 11 ﬂat-landand 8 raised-ﬂoor buildings. Looking at the distribution of building types today (Table 3),
one can see a decrease in prevalence of pit dwellings (71%) and an increase in raised ﬂoor
and pillar buildings (combined to 21.5%). Second, the report also noted that reconstructions
were overwhelmingly from the Jomon period (Nabunken 1978, 2). Figure 8 shows that
there is now little diﬀerence in the numbers of Jomon and Yayoi periods buildings.
Overall, these changes reflect shifts in site development strategies in the 1990s andTable 3.

Number and proportion of reconstructed building types
Building Type

Number

Percent

Pit ｜竪穴式
Raised Floor ｜高床式
Pillar ｜掘立柱
Flat-land ｜平地式
Stone Paved ｜敷石住居
Wood Circle ｜環状木柱列
Iron Furnace ｜製鉄炉

711
156
55
50
8
3
1

72.3%
15.9%
5.6%
5.1%
0.8%
0.3%
0.1%

Total ｜総計

984

100%

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Table 4.

List of the most proliﬁc designers of reconstructed buildings
Designer

Sites

Buildings

Miyamoto Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Fujishima Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
Asakawa Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財保存計画協会
Institute For Development Of Environment And Culture ｜空間文化

23
11
10
9
6

224
17
67
33
28

Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環境計画研究所

5
5
5

37
12
5

開発機構

Goto Shuichi ｜後藤 守一
Higuchi Kiyoyuki ｜樋口 清之

early 2000s, which emphasized large-scale settlement projects and increasing the diversityof types of buildings. This tendency appears when looking at the number of sites withmultiple reconstructions. Where Nabunken listed only 6 sites with 5 or more buildings (6%)
in 1978, today this has risen to 46 sites (13.5%) with most dating to the 1990s and early
2000s.
Another notable diﬀerence from the Nabunken survey is the type of people attributed
as designer (Table 4). Up to 1978, most reconstructions were designed by one or two
individuals. Most were professional archaeologists or architectural historians, some ofwhom have contributed designs to multiple sites. Three changes are apparent. First, a large
number of buildings designed since 1978 have been attributed to boards of education,museum staff, or volunteer groups rather than specific individuals. Second, there isan increase in contracts to construction firms and architectural offices, some of which
specialize in historical redevelopment. Third, there has been a great reliance upon thearchitecture specialists at the Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties.
In particular, Miyamoto Nagajiro (23 sites) and Asakawa Shigeo (10 sites) have been
associated with many large-scale projects from the early 1990s. As a whole, these changes
show that the design process today often involves input and negotiation between a diverse
group of stakeholders (Ertl 2017a).

6.

Discussion

This project was initiated in response to the absence of historical overviews on architectural
reconstructions in Japan. The research that exists are extensive reports on prehistoricarchitecture (Asakawa, ed. 1999) and detailed reviews of reconstruction principles and© Japanese Archaeological Association

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techniques from various sites (Umeno, ed. 2019). There are also several studies that
directly compare development and management approaches between two or more sites(Okamura and Condon 1999; Tatara 2015; Wang 2018) or compare diﬀerent architects’visions for building designs (Inoue 2007; Ertl 2013).
The results of this database project show that reconstructions are pervasive throughout
Japan and reach across all archaeological periods. It may be argued that they have become
integral to the social imagination of Japan’s ancient past. Yet, this research shows that an
impartial history of these reconstructions remains elusive due to the wide variations inquality of records available. The skewed distribution of information on reconstructions,
it is suggested here, results in a biased understanding of the past: one in which sites thatreceive national attention or become tourist destinations are understood as more importantfor understanding Japanese history than those without them.

6.1

Evaluation of data collection

The value of this survey of prehistoric reconstructions is dependent upon its completeness.
To evaluate this, it is useful to compare the data collection methods and results between
this project and the 1978 Nabunken survey. The key diﬀerence is the use of surveys ofprefectural heritage specialists by Nabunken and the initial reliance on the internet for thisproject.
This project identified twelve sites with reconstructions built before 1978 that were
not reported in the Nabunken list. While there are several possible reasons why thesesites were not reported to Nabunken, the most likely reason is that the prefecture-based
cultural properties specialists surveyed were not aware of all of them. This observation
is supported by the author’s conversations with cultural properties specialists during
data collection. For example, the author was able to interview a specialist at the Niigata
Prefectural History Museum to conﬁrm the results of his database and ask for assistancein acquiring information. Despite his great knowledge of reconstructions in Niigata, theauthor later discovered Wakayama site in Sekikawa Village, Niigata (built 1968) through arandom online image search. When questioned about this site at a later date, the specialist
conﬁrmed that he had never heard of it before.
Despite its strengths in locating reconstructed buildings, the reliance upon internet
resources revealed serious limitations. In fact, the Nabunken survey contained many sites
for which little or no additional information could be located online. The lack of online
presence for these sites suggests that information accessible via the internet is strongly
biased toward newer sites with buildings that are still standing. The unfortunate result
is that many sites are likely to have fallen through the cracks. This suspicion became
alarmingly apparent after coming across the above-mentioned book by Yamamoto
Toshihiro (2018), which introduced some 30 sites that were new to the database and,© Japanese Archaeological Association

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moreover, had little or no available information online.
Additionally, there were a couple of reconstructed buildings that the author has
personally visited but could not be found online. One was at Amenomiya Kofun in
Nakanoto Town, Ishikawa, which was built in 1993 and taken down sometime after the
Noto earthquake of 2007. Lastly, there were several sites that were initially identified
through internet searches, but the initial site, blog, or newspaper article used to ﬁnd them
was later taken down or had an expired link.

6.2

Data durability and accessibility

These experiences highlight the impermanence of online resources and leads into
the problems of long-term management and of information on archaeological site
developments. These issues are common in the field of digital humanities and can beseen the eﬀorts to create repositories of museum collections and other non-bibliographic
resources (National Museum of Japanese History, ed. 2018; Takata et al. 2017). The
struggles with accessing data for this project extends to the wider problems of data
standardization and preservation of digital information (Agency for Cultural Aﬀairs 2017)that makes survey research on Japanese archaeology challenging.
One commonly recognized culprit for the lack of recording standards is the decentralized(municipal-based) cultural properties system in Japan. For instance, Akatsuka Jiro, whoworked for the Aichi Prefecture Archaeology Center for three decades, has outlined his
failed attempts to push forward any standards for the digital recording of even the most“core” archaeological data (2017, 211–213). Even when standards are generally accepted,
such as the use of GIS to record locations of sites and features, there are continued
problems in its application (due to unequal access to equipment and staff) and in the
distribution of information (as there is no centralized online system).
The most successful project to make archaeological information available in an open
online format is the Comprehensive Database of Archaeological Site Reports in Japan(zenkoku iseki hōkoku sōran) (http://sitereports.nabunken.go.jp/en). This project, now
centered at the Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, has made 23,435
reports available in pdf format that were downloaded 1.41 million times in 2018 (Takata,
Kaneda, and Veltcheva 2019). It responded to the widespread desire to acquire, compare,and digitally search through archaeological reports. Printed copies of site reports are
typically set at 300 and only a handful of these are registered in library stacks. The
Nabunken database has been very successful in making these texts available, but they
continue to struggle obtaining high-quality of pdfs and the permission to make publications
openly accessible.
For architectural reconstructions, the issues surrounding data preservation andstandardization are compounded because of the way such buildings are categorized. They
© Japanese Archaeological Association

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John ERTL

are not “buried cultural properties” (maizō bunkazai) recovered through excavation,
which means they are not subject to the same expectations of recording and preservationthat applies to archaeological remains. Reconstructions are generally not mentioned in
excavation reports, although there are several examples of their documentation in the 1950s(Rikkyo University College of Arts 1957; Waseda University Archaeology Laboratory
1955). Information is most often found in one section of site development reports (kankyōseibi jigyō hōkokusho) and is set alongside descriptions of the construction of on-sitemuseums, displays, walking paths, and outdoor toilets. There are even fewer records whenit comes time to rebuild reconstructions (Ichinohe Town Board of Education 2007; 2017)and almost no records of their destruction or removal (Townnews-sha 2016).
Considered as part of museum displays, the responsibility for authorities to record
and transmit information about reconstructed buildings is unset. For buildings intended
as temporary displays, one may argue there is no pressing need to document them.
Alternately, buildings that are intended to restore historical landscapes at designatedhistoric sites, arguably, should contain clear records of the archaeological evidence used
and interpretative decisions made during the design process (Hayashi and Okamura, ed.
2000; Umeno, ed. 2019). As it is today, there is a sharp imbalance in publications onreconstructions. The impacts of which are not inconsequential for the public understandingof Japanese archaeology.

6.3

Data disparity and bias in the understanding of prehistoric architecture

In reflecting upon the disparity of information between sites, there is an apparent
correlation between the amount of information available on reconstructed sites and theoverall quality and longevity of site developments. Alternately, the sites that proved themost diﬃcult to obtain information about were those with buildings that were in a stateof neglect or no longer remained (Figure 9). Simply put, the sites that have prospered
and grown over time are also those where new information on the sites are produced in avariety of formats. The sites that become part of the collective social memory are thosewhich have received the most media coverage, became recognized as tourist destinations,or have been featured in educational or academic publications.
This disparity of information has arguably skewed the public image of prehistoricreconstructions toward the earliest examples, the most monumental buildings, and to theunique or controversial cases. The reconstructed buildings at Togariishi-Yosukeone (built
1949), Toro (1951), and Hiraide (1951) have become idiomatic of Jomon, Yayoi, and Kofun
period architecture respectively. While not reﬂected directly in the data in the Appendix,
municipal authorities at several sites mentioned that designs were directly inspired by theearly pit dwelling designs by Horiguchi Sutemi (Togariishi-Yosukeone), Sekino Masaru(Toro Site), Fujishima Gaijiro (Hiraide Site), and other early specialists. This tendency to© Japanese Archaeological Association

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SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN

Figure 9. Largely decayed pit dwelling based on Minaminakano Site (Jomon Period), located at
Nihon University College of Law, Omiya Campus in Saitama Prefecture (20 August 2019). Similarly
decayed or recently removed reconstructions are common and most of these have few if any recordsof their construction or removal.

replicate such examples arguably makes it that much more diﬃcult for newer designs to be
accepted as probable alternatives, even when they are based upon newly discovered data
(Takada 1998, 2017; Ertl 2017a).
Today, the two most recognizable sites in Japan are the Jomon period Sannai-Maruyama
Site (1994) and the Yayoi period Yoshinogari Site (2001). The initial interest in these sites
was due to the vast scale of excavation and wealth of discoveries, but today they are touted
more for the numbers and scale of their reconstructed buildings then they are for anythingelse. Both are among the most visited year-round tourist destinations in their respected
prefectures and promotional materials inevitably showcase the architecture over any otherremains. The eﬀect is to link their perceived importance as designated special national
historic sites with the quality and quantity of their reconstructed buildings (Figure 10).
This eﬀect was described to me by a volunteer guide at Itokoku History Museum in
Itoshima, Fukuoka Prefecture (personal communication, 21 July 2019). He said that mostvisitors come after visiting Yoshinogari Site, and they commonly ask how the remains
featured at Itokoku Museum relate to Yoshinogari. In their questions, the implicit view isthat Yoshinogari is central in the region during this period of Japanese history. This image
persists despite the museum exhibitions that show Itokoku was one the kingdoms described© Japanese Archaeological Association

175

John ERTL

Figure 10. Reconstructed landscape at Yoshinogari Site (Yayoi Period), Saga Prefecture (3January 2013)

Figure 11. A view of the surrounding farmland from the Itokoku History Museum in Itoshima,
Fukuoka (17 November 2019). The lack of reconstructions and other site developments work tominimize the importance of the site, especially in comparison to Yoshinogari.

© Japanese Archaeological Association

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SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPANin the Wei Zhi and also contain Japan’s largest bronze mirrors that are designated nationaltreasures. The challenge in guiding visitors, he explained, is to emphasize that Itokoku was
not peripheral to Yoshinogari but that their histories are complementary to one another.
During our conversation, he stressed that Yoshinogari is certainly unique, but its uniquenessis due to the extraordinary circumstances in the present-day that made it possible toexcavate and rebuild it in such a monumental fashion. By contrast, the aﬄuent agriculturalcommunity surrounding Itokoku Museum has restricted archaeological excavation and site
development, as the city cannot aﬀord to purchase the farmland (Figure 11). The result isthat much of the history of Itokoku continues to remain out of sight, and thus out of the
consciousness of visitors.

7.

Conclusion

One of the common critiques of reconstructions is that they may distort the image of thepast (Nabunken 1978; Stanley-Price 2009). Factors such as the cleanliness of the site or theuse of modern materials or construction techniques produce obviously inauthentic historicallandscapes and buildings. More deceptively, however, their power to misrepresent is in theway they grant an unbalanced sense of importance to one site over other sites without them.
The list of reconstructions in this article shows that they are built at many diﬀerent kinds oflocations and their presence is not necessarily tied to their relevance in documenting past
lifeways. Nevertheless, their potential for distorting the past is great and compounded by
the lack of openly accessible documentation, which makes it impossible for site visitors
to understand the data and decision-making processes that went into their construction.
Without providing a clear understanding of how and why reconstructions are made, one
can certainly raise concerns that the public’s understanding of Japan’s architectural past ispartial at best.
This article on prehistoric and ancient architectural reconstructions is an update to asurvey conducted by Nabunken over 40 years ago. Over that time the number of sites
has tripled, and the number of buildings has increased six-fold. This increase mirrors
the growth of archaeological investigation and site development activities over thistime (Agency for Cultural Aﬀairs, Monuments and Sites Division 2017, 3). Despite theexpansion of archaeological knowledge about ancient architecture, the concerns raisedby Nabunken (1978, 2–3) about the need to build an academic tradition and to use
reconstructions as “experiments” to learn more about these structures still persists. Also
mirroring Nabunken, this survey of reconstructions understands that many sites that havebeen left out of this list, necessitating additional research. With that understanding, it ishoped that this article can provide insights into the problems and potentials surroundingarchitectural reconstructions in the context of site preservation and development activities© Japanese Archaeological Association

177

John ERTL

in Japan.

Acknowledgements
This research was supported by JSPS Grants-in-Aid for Scientiﬁc Research (19H01394
and 16K03219) and Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (15KK0043).
This project was supported by Dr. Simon Kaner and the Sainsbury Institute for the Studyof Japanese Arts and Cultures, which hosted the author and provided resources thatassisted in completing this project. There were many individuals who assisted in project
conceptualization and data collection. Gary Ross is credited with the website development
and his assistance greatly improved the quality of the database. Dr. Yoshida Yasuyuki
has also provided consistent advice and support for this project since its beginning.
Several people have helped collect information, search through site reports, and contact
management authorities. My thanks extends to Kajima Shuichiro, Odake Nozomi,
Uchiyama Atsuko, Honami Abe, and Tsujimoto Atsuki for their assistance.

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Site name© Japanese Archaeological Association

182
1996

Futatsumori Shell Midden, Shichinohe ｜ 二 ツ 森 National

18

貝塚

1971

National

Korekawa Site, Hachinohe ｜是川石器時代遺跡

1994

1980·83

1961

1959
1997

2001

1981

1986

17

遺跡

Aomori Prefecture ｜青森県
16 Sannai-Maruyama Site, Aomori City ｜ 三内丸山
SpecialNational

Shibetsu Sites, Shibetsu ｜標津遺跡群

15

ホロカヤントー竪穴群

Prefecture

Tokachi-horokayanto Pit Dwellings, Taiki ｜十勝

National

14

12 Motomachi Site, Ozora ｜元町遺跡
13 Irie Shell Midden, Toyako ｜入江貝塚

Shari Shiretoko Museum ｜斜里町立知床博物館

Hamatonbetsu Kuccharo-kohan Pit Dwellings,
Esashi ｜浜頓別クッチャロ湖畔竪穴群

10

11

2

Kawaguchi Site, Teshio ｜川口遺跡

9
Prefecture

2

Tomomae History Museum ｜苫前町郷土資料館

2

2

19

4

1

1
2

1

2

1
3
3
3

8

1956
1988
1973–77
2000

National
Prefecture
Municipal
National

Moroyo Shell Midden, Abashiri ｜最寄貝塚
Omusaro Site, Monbetsu ｜オムサロ遺跡
Kamishibetsu Site, Shibetsu ｜上士別遺跡
Kitakogane Shell Midden, Date ｜北黄金貝塚

6

4
5
6
7

1994

3
5

#

National

2007·09
1996–97

Date

Tokoro Site, Kitami ｜常呂遺跡

National
National

Designation

3

Hokkaido ｜北海道
1 Ofune Site, Hakodate ｜大船遺跡
2 Hokuto Site, Kushiro ｜北斗遺跡

Appendix 1

E JomonM JomonF JomonM JomonL JomonSatsumonOkhotskSatsumon

SatsumonM Jomon

Jomon
Satsumon
Epi-Jomon
SatsumonE JomonSatsumonInt Jomon

M JomonEpi-Jomon
SatsumonOkhotskSatsumonE JomonE JomonM JomonSatsumonPeriod

1 Pit
1 Pit

15 Pit3 Raised
1 Pillar
2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
2 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
4 Pit
1 Pit
3 Pit
3 Flat
3 Pit

3 Pit
5 Pit

Type

境計画研究所

築計画事務所

40.474393, 141.491185

ESAKA Teruya ｜江坂 輝弥
SHIONO Hanjuro ｜塩野 半十郎
KOBAYASHI Kazuhiko ｜小林 和彦

40.748272, 141.229757

40.811155, 140.697399

43.683027, 145.106794

42.526885, 143.479040

43.916851, 144.174647
42.542444, 140.775035

TAKASHIMA Seiyu ｜高島 成侑
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財
保存計画協会KAYANO Shigeru ｜萱野 茂
Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員
Docon Co., Ltd. ｜北海道開発コンサルタント

OBA Toshio ｜大場 利夫

OBA Toshio ｜大場 利夫
ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
Yanagida Ishizuka & Associates ｜柳田石塚建45.125081, 142.347237

Unknown ｜不明

43.913232, 144.672481

44.896701, 141.739667

Board of Education ｜教育委員会

44.307727, 141.659458

44.024840, 144.268297
44.392978, 143.288209
44.126750, 142.465806
42.401985, 140.911193

YONEMURA Kioe ｜米村 喜男衛Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員
YAMAZAKI Hironobu ｜山崎 博信
ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
Institute for Development of Environment andCulture ｜空間文化開発機構

山下設計北海道支社

44.125248, 143.973995

41.957545, 140.925656
43.067039, 144.328781

Location

Yamashita Sekkei Inc. Hokkaido Branch ｜TAKASHIMA Seiyu ｜高島 成侑
UTAGAWA Hiroshi ｜宇田川 洋
Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環

Designer

Based on Kazebari Site
｜風張遺跡

Model reconstruction
for Jomon andSatsumon periodbuildings

Based on Daiei 1 Site
｜大栄 1 遺跡No longer standing

4 currently standing

Notes

John ERTLSite nameRokkasho Village Museum ｜六ヶ所村立博物館

Prefecture
National

Senbatsutsumi Site, Iwate Town ｜仙波堤遺跡
Nishine Site, Kanegasaki ｜西根遺跡
Karumai Museum of History and Folklore ｜軽米

Goshono Site, Ichinohe ｜御所野遺跡

26
27
28

29

183

Akita Prefecture ｜秋田県
36 Jizoden Site, Akita City ｜地蔵田遺跡
37 Nashinokizuka Site, Yokote ｜梨ノ木塚遺跡
38 Oyu Stone Circles, Kazuno ｜大湯環状列石

35

Miyazawa Site, Osaki ｜宮沢遺跡

里浜貝塚

Miyagi Prefecture ｜宮城県
30 Yamadauenodai Site, Sendai ｜山田上ノ台遺跡
31 Ozakaiyama Site, Kurihara ｜大境山遺跡
32 Sannogakoi Site, Kurihara ｜山王囲遺跡
33 Nukazuka Site, Kurihara ｜糠塚遺跡
34 Satohama Shell Midden, Higashimatsushima ｜町歴史民俗資料館

料館

National
Municipal
SpecialNational

National
Municipal
National

National

1963
1978·86

Municipal

Horino Site, Ninohe ｜堀野遺跡
Shizukuishi History Museum ｜雫石町歴史民俗資24
25

2002–04
1994
1999

1993

2006
1980
2006
1984
2006

1999–02

1968
1963
1985

1989

民俗村

Michinoku Folklore Village, Kitakami ｜みちのく

1994

23

National

2015
2015

1991

Date

Kabayama Site, Kitakami ｜樺山遺跡

National
National

Designation

22

Iwate Prefecture ｜岩手県
20 Shiwa Castle, Morioka ｜志波城
21 Sakiyama Site, Miyako ｜崎山貝塚

19

Appendix Continued

3
1
10

6

3
1
2
1
1

16

1
1
2

1
2

2

5

3
1

5

#

PeriodE YayoiJomon
L Jomon

Jomon
Yayoi
Yayoi

M JomonNara
F JomonNara
L JomonM JomonNara
Nara
Int Jomon

L JomonHeian
L JomonM JomonM JomonHeian
M JomonInt Jomon
E JomonM Jomon
Yayoi
Heian

Type

3 Pit
1 Pit
9 Pillar1 Raised

1 Pit
3 Pit
2 Raised

3 Pit
1 Pit
2 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

12 Pit1 Raised
3 Pillar

1 Pit
1 Pit
2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
2 Pit

5 Pit

3 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
市建築設計事務所

境計画研究所

Sousha ｜創宇舎
Residents ｜住民
Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環

Department of Construction ｜建設部局

ファンクラブSatoyama Shell Mound Fan Club ｜里浜貝塚

ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男

ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男

市建築設計事務所

39.657820, 140.157527
39.200877, 140.584103
40.271961, 140.803835

38.630673, 140.953986

38.218332, 140.832647
38.656090, 141.058782
38.740690, 140.949085
38.773281, 141.092543
38.337729, 141.148252

40.197206, 141.308817

40.322452, 141.456670

39.959845, 141.180230

40.297456, 141.300576
39.673486, 140.987764

KUSAMA Junichi ｜草間 俊一
Unknown ｜不明
SASAKI Yaemon ｜佐々木 弥右エ門
FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
TODA Tetsuya ｜戸田 哲也
U&A Architectural Design Oﬃce ｜ U&A 都

39.270447, 141.129176

39.241046, 141.132948

39.683740, 141.106579
39.674191, 141.960494

HONDO Hisaichi ｜本堂 寿一

境計画研究所Board of Education ｜教育委員会
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
TAKAHASHI Kentaro ｜高橋 憲太郎
Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環

Location
40.980422, 141.339025

Designer
TAKASHIMA Seiyu ｜高島 成侑
U&A Architectural Design Oﬃce ｜ U&A 都

Notes

Model reconstruction

Model reconstruction
No longer standing

Model reconstruction

No longer standing
No longer standing
Based on Babano 2 Site
｜馬場野 II 遺跡
No longer standing

No longer standing
No longer standing

Based on Omotedate
Site ｜表館遺跡

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association

Shinwa no Sato Susanowo no Mura, Katagami ｜40

Designation© Japanese Archaeological Association

184

Miyahata Site, Fukushima City ｜宮畑遺跡

Fukushima Cultural Properties Center, Shirakawa｜福島県文化財センター白河館

5558

Ishibashi Site, Tamura ｜石橋遺跡

56 Mimori Site, Koriyama ｜三森遺跡
57 Haraseuehara Site, Nihonmatsu ｜原瀬上原遺跡

Iwaki Archaeology Center ｜いわき市考古資料館

54

52 Uwadai Site, Fukushima City ｜宇輪台遺跡
53 Tsunatori Shell Midden, Iwaki ｜綱取貝塚

51

Municipal

Prefecture

National

1981

1965
1970

2001

2005

2015
1985

2015

1958

居跡

Fukushima Prefecture ｜福島県
50 Ino-Hakusan Site, Fukushima City ｜ 飯野白山住 Prefecture

2

1997

2

6
5

4

1

1
1

5

1

1

2

1

4

4

3

2
1

4

1

#

1973

1974

Prefecture

Municipal

Kakuniyama Stone Age Dwelling Sites, Oishida｜角二山石器時代住居跡群
48 Ukitamu Fudoki no Oka Archaelogical Museum,
Takahata ｜うきたむ風土記の丘考古資料館
49 Koshiohara Site, Shirataka ｜小四王原遺跡

47

Nakayama Museum of History and Folklore ｜

46

1988

2005

Nishinumata Site, Tendo ｜西沼田遺跡

45

中山町歴史民俗資料館

1982

1983–84

1992
1977

1993

1979

Date

Chojayashiki Site, Nagai ｜長者屋敷遺跡
National

Municipal
Prefecture

Prefecture

44

Yamagata Prefecture ｜山形県
43 Nakamura Site, Murayama ｜中村遺跡

41 Fudora Site, Kamikoani ｜不動羅遺跡
42 Ichijogi Site, Misato ｜一丈木遺跡

神話の里スサノオの村

Yudeno Site, Yurihonjo ｜湯出野遺跡

39Site nameAppendix Continued

Inc Jomon

M Jomon
Nara
Nara
Heian
L JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonF JomonF JomonInt Jomon
M JomonM JomonM JomonJomon

E JomonL Kofun

L Kofun

M JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonYayoi

L Jomon

Period

Type

2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pillar
6 Pit
5 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
2 Raised
2 Pillar
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit

2 Pit

2 Pit

1 Raised
3 Flat
1 Pit

4 Pit

3 Pit

1 Pit
3 Raised
2 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

38.595313, 140.371478
38.007520, 140.215901

ITO ARCHITECTS & ENGINEERS INC. ｜Board of Education ｜教育委員会

県文化センター

UMEMIYA Shigeru ｜梅宮 茂
SEKINO Masaru ｜関野 克
MEGURO Yoshiaki ｜目黒 吉明
Fukushima Prefectural Culture Center ｜福島

37.655686, 140.425713
36.940377, 140.920115

Residents ｜住民
Iwaki City Foundation For Education andCulture ｜いわき市教育文化事業団
Iwaki City Foundation For Education andCulture ｜いわき市教育文化事業団
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Toriado Koubou Co., Ltd. ｜トリアド工房

37.425331, 140.736328

37.397542, 140.190752
37.584514, 140.389985

37.098366, 140.206223

36.996609, 140.825809

37.790295, 140.515968

37.650441, 140.533348

Total Media Development Institute Co., Ltd.
｜トータルメディア開発研究所

GOTO Shuichi ｜後藤 守一

HIRABUKI Toshikazu ｜平吹 利数

38.200133, 140.096718

38.336976, 140.275613

Board of Education ｜教育委員会

伊藤設計事務所

38.359692, 140.342097

MURAKAMI Kazuo ｜村上 和雄
SATO Seishiro ｜佐藤 正四郎
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

38.136570, 140.000410

38.480547, 140.308396

40.003610, 140.287276
39.469110, 140.606072

Unknown ｜不明
None ｜なし
Nakamura Site Preservation Group ｜中村遺跡

39.854174, 140.010050

Midori Sekkei Ltd. ｜緑設計

保存会

Location
39.294443, 140.287302

Designer
Komatsu Sokuryo Sekkei ｜小松測量設計事務所

Notes

No longer standing
2 currently standing

Based on Hoshojiri Site
｜法正尻遺跡

No longer standing

No longer standing

Based on Kanaya Site
｜金谷遺跡

Based on Miharashidai
Site ｜物見台遺跡
1 currently standing

No longer standing
No longer standing

Model reconstruction
No longer standing
Model reconstruction

John ERTL

Kodaguchi C Site, Ishikawa ｜小田口 C 遺跡

185

料館

National

76 Otome Fudohara Site, Oyama ｜乙女不動原瓦窯跡
77 Igashira Site, Mooka ｜井頭遺跡
78 Nishinasuno Folk Museum ｜旧西那須野町郷土資
Municipal

National
Municipal

74 Tobiyamajo Site, Utsunomiya ｜飛山城跡
75 Hoshino Site, Tochigi City ｜星野遺跡

National
Municipal

National

Okadaira Shell Midden, Miho ｜陸平貝塚
Fuyuki A Shell Midden, Goka ｜冬木 A 貝塚

Tochigi Prefecture ｜栃木県
73 Negoyadai Site, Utsunomiya ｜根古谷台遺跡

71
72

National

1998
1975
1979

2005
1971

1990·91

2003
1986

1982
2003
1975
1994

67 Akamatsu Site, Ryugasaki ｜赤松遺跡
68 Hirasawa Kanga Site, Tsukuba ｜平沢官衙遺跡
69 Isobe Site, Sakuragawa ｜磯部遺跡
70 Obatakitayama Haniwa Production Site, Ibaragi
Town ｜小幡北山埴輪製作遺跡
National

1990

66

Hitachi Fudoki no Oka, Ishioka ｜常陸風土記の丘

1973
1993

64 Uwanodai Site, Hitachi ｜上の代遺跡
65 Kamitakatsu Shell Midden, Tsuchiura ｜上高津貝塚 National

1984

1998
1974
1991

Date

1991

Municipal
Prefecture

Designation

National

Ibaraki Prefecture ｜茨城県
63 Ogushi Shell Midden, Mito ｜大串貝塚

62

59 Okadaira Site, Tamura ｜岡平遺跡
60 Iwabuchi Site, Kunimi ｜岩淵遺跡
61 Kubota Site, Tadami ｜窪田遺跡

Site nameAppendix Continued

3
1
1

1
3

5

1
1

1
3
1
3

16

1
4

3

1

1
1
3

#

PeriodHeian
E JomonM JomonNara
L Yayoi
M JomonE JomonM JomonL JomonM JomonHeian
Jomon
L KofunJomon
M JomonM Yayoi
Heian

Jomon
Yayoi
Kofun
M JomonL JomonHeian

M JomonM JomonL Jomon

Type

4 Pit
1 W. Circle
1 Pit
1 Pit
2 Pit
3 Pillar
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
3 Pit
1 Pillar
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
8 Flat
3 Pit
1 Pillar1 Raised
1 Pit
3 Raised
1 Pit
3 Pillar

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
3 Pit
所

35.937449, 140.158707
36.178442, 140.103805
36.369985, 140.142267
36.274617, 140.407407

36.017916, 140.347561
36.095249, 139.738890

None ｜なし
Maki Co., Ltd. ｜眞木NISHIMIYA Kazuo ｜西宮 一男
Tekuno Sekkei ｜テクノ設計

Residents ｜住民
Unknown ｜不明

36.554887, 139.965236
36.474146, 139.627978
36.261894, 139.756037
36.490346, 140.000558
36.899466, 139.969564

Board of Education ｜教育委員会
SAKADUME Hideichi ｜坂詰 秀一
SAITO Masami ｜斎藤 正美
KANAI Tadao ｜金井 忠夫

36.535207, 139.832700

36.208077, 140.238461

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

OTA Kunio ｜太田 邦夫

36.631614, 140.669098
36.077451, 140.166159

36.334820, 140.546462

37.179374, 140.465794

ISHIKAWA Mitsuo ｜石川 光男
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

公社

Ibaraki Prefectural Public Corporation ofConstructional Technology ｜茨城県建設技術

Bohata Longevity Group ｜母畑地区長寿会

Location
37.379124, 140.666884
37.893782, 140.580056
37.310448, 139.444508

Designer
SAKUMA Yoshio ｜佐久間 良雄
MEGURO Yoshiaki ｜目黒 吉明
Kimio Shimizu Architect Inc. ｜清水公夫研究

Notes

No longer standing

槻沢遺跡

No longer standing
Based onTsukinokizawa Site ｜Model reconstruction

Unknown if based onsite remains
No longer standing

Based on Miyadaira
Site ｜宮平遺跡

No longer standing

Model reconstruction

2 currently standing

No longer standing

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association

Site name

高根沢町歴史民俗資料館

Takanezawa History and Folklore Museum ｜Hodota Kofun, Takasaki ｜保渡田古墳群
National

Designation

居跡© Japanese Archaeological Association

186
1971

National

Mizuko Shell Midden, Fujimi ｜水子貝塚

99

住居址

1993

1987
1969

Municipal
Municipal

Mitakata Site, Koshigaya ｜見田方遺跡
Takai Site Dwelling Ruins, Okegawa ｜高井遺跡

97
98
5

1
1

1
1
1
2

2010
1970
1987
1996

Maenakanishi Site, Kumagaya ｜前中西遺跡
Municipal
Imajuku Site, Sayama ｜今宿遺跡
Nakasanya Site, Konosu ｜中三谷遺跡
Nakajuku Ancient Warehouse Ruins, Fukaya ｜ Prefecture

93
94
95
96

中宿古代倉庫群跡

2

Minaminakano Site, Saitama City ｜南中野遺跡

2

3
1
6

1
1

4

2
3
1

1

3

1

#

92

Prefecture

Saitama Prefecture ｜埼玉県
91 Omiyakoen-nai Site, Saitama City ｜ 大宮公園内

遺跡

1993
2018
2000

1993

88 Iwajuku Site, Midori ｜岩宿遺跡
National
89 Saishika-danakajima Site, Midori ｜西鹿田中島遺跡 National
National
90 Yaze Site, Minakami ｜矢瀬遺跡

Prefecture
1977
2014

Nakasuji Site, Shibukawa ｜中筋遺跡

1992
1992

2001

1998–00

2006

Date

86 Miharada Site, Shibukawa ｜三原田遺跡
87 Fujioka History Museum ｜藤岡歴史館

85

82 Shodajoshi Park, Numata ｜荘田城址公園
83 Mabori Site, Tatebayashi ｜間堀遺跡
84 Komuro Dwelling Site, Shibukawa ｜小室敷石住 Prefecture81

Gunma Prefecture ｜群馬県
80 Omuro Park, Maebashi ｜大室公園

79

Appendix Continued
PeriodE JomonL Kofun
M JomonL Yayoi
M JomonJomon
Yayoi
M Yayoi
Nara
Kofun
Nara

Paleolithic
Inc Jomon
F JomonM JomonL KofunM KofunHeian
M JomonM JomonKofun
M Kofun
L KofunKofun

M Kofun

Type

5 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
2 Raised

3 Flat
1 Pit
4 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pillar

1 Flat
3 Pit
1 Paved
1 Pit

2 Pit
3 Pit
1 Paved

1 Raised
1 Flat
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

Designer

Location

水子貝塚専門調査研究委員会

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Mizuko Shell Mound Research Committee ｜Board of Education ｜教育委員会
YOSHIKAWA Kunio ｜吉川 国男

SHIRAI Hiroyasu ｜白井 裕泰
YANAGIDA Toshiji ｜柳田 敏司
Unknown ｜不明
Maki Kensetsu ｜真木建設

FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎

35.845100, 139.561600

35.877633, 139.824332
36.000339, 139.547255

36.148084, 139.400909
35.867637, 139.394949
36.069349, 139.522741
36.218373, 139.239130

35.909720, 139.661405

35.921010, 139.629277

36.398574, 139.286162
36.407054, 139.256386
36.696927, 138.982187

36.504268, 139.028901
36.258461, 139.040545

YAMAZAKI Hikaru ｜山崎 光
Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員
Residents ｜住民
Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員
ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

境計画研究所

36.480023, 138.996645

福島建築設計事務所

Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環

Katsura Sekkei Inc. ｜桂建築設計事務所
Fukushima, Architect & Associates, Inc. ｜36.379181, 138.984917

OTSUKA Masahiko ｜大塚 昌彦
Residents ｜住民

砂部遺跡

Notes

遺跡

Model reconstructionof Nakasuji Site ｜中筋

Based on Uchihori Site
｜内掘遺跡

No longer standing

Based on Isobe Site ｜No longer standing
No longer standing

Based on various sites

Model reconstruction

No longer standing
36.667171, 139.022507 No longer standing
36.243258, 139.545722 No longer standing
36.479855, 139.032656

36.387973, 139.193104

36.637102, 140.002355

Residents ｜住民

Volunteers ｜ボランティア

John ERTLSite name

Designation

1993

1966

Miyashiro Museum ｜宮代町郷土資料館

105

Chiba Prefecture ｜千葉県
106 Kasori Shell Midden, Chiba City ｜加曽利貝塚

187
Prefecture

1979
1951
1978

Yoyogihachiman Site, Shibuya ｜代々木八幡遺跡 Municipal
Sarugaku Ancient Dwelling Remains, Shibuya ｜ Municipal

119
120

猿楽古代住居跡

貝塚遺跡

Higashiyama Shell Midden Site, Meguro ｜ 東山

1978
1955

118

Tokyo ｜東京都
116 Isarago Shell Midden, Minato ｜伊皿子貝塚
117 Ochiai Site, Shinjuku ｜落合遺跡

115

1953

1997
2004–05

113 Joyama Kofun, Katori ｜城山古墳群
114 Chiba Boso-no-mura, Sakae ｜千葉県立房総のむら

Tagodai Site, Kyonan ｜田子台遺跡

1987–88

112

Nishinokubo Site, Sodegaura ｜西ノ窪遺跡

110 Dobari Dwelling Site, Kashiwa ｜戸張住居跡
111 Yamakura Shell Midden, Ichihara ｜山倉貝塚
1952
1971

1953

Nakane Hachimanmae Site, Noda ｜ 中 根 八 幡 前 Municipal

109

遺跡

1969
1992

Prefecture

Suwada Site, Ichikawa ｜須和田遺跡
Matsudo Museum ｜松戸市立博物館

107
108

Special

1994
1987

雷電池児童公園

Shindenhigashi Site, Moroyama ｜新田東遺跡
Yakushido Site, Ogano ｜薬師堂遺跡

1993

Date

103
104

National
1976
1987

Kurohama Shell Midden, Hasuda ｜黒浜貝塚

101 Kamiya Site, Sakado ｜上谷遺跡
102 Kandachi-ike Children’s Park, Tsurugashima ｜100

Appendix Continued

1
1

1

1
1

1

1
2

2

1
2

1

1
3

8

1

1
1

1
1

1

#

M JomonL Yayoi

M JomonL JomonM JomonL Yayoi

L YayoiNara
M Yayoi
M Yayoi
F KofunYayoi
M JomonE Kofun

L Yayoi
M JomonM JomonE JomonM JomonM JomonL KofunM KofunE Jomon

Period

Type

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
3 Pit

8 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

Designer

Location

35.072601, 136.045804
35.824062, 140.270151

Omigawa High School ｜県立小見川高等学校
Iwase Kenchiku ｜岩瀬建築
Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員
Residents ｜住民
Waseda University Archaeology Laboratory｜早大考古学研究室

HIGUCHI Kiyoyuki ｜樋口 清之
HIGUCHI Kiyoyuki ｜樋口 清之

35.671465, 139.688396
35.651076, 139.702325

35.649523, 139.685380

35.642155, 139.739719
35.717779, 139.680419

35.107500, 139.845697

35.420519, 139.994625

Kyoto Kagaku Co., Ltd. ｜京都科学

35.938130, 139.877836
35.862401, 139.990387
35.488708, 140.130796

SUZUKI Kimio ｜鈴木 公雄
TAMAGUCHI Tokio ｜玉口 時雄
OMICHI Ichiro ｜大道 一郎
HIGUCHI Kiyoyuki ｜樋口 清之

Notes

貝塚

No longer standing
Based on Yamada Site
F ｜山田遺跡 F 地点
No longer standing
No longer standing

Based on Tenjinmae
Site ｜天神前遺跡

No longer standing

No longer standing

No longer standing

Based on Mutsuzakiosakidai Site ｜六崎大
崎台遺跡

No longer standing

No longer standing

Reconstructions built
1966·91·2007·11·17
3 currently standing
35.738782, 139.912372 No longer standing
35.801563, 139.939101 Based on Kamihongo
Shell Midden ｜上本郷

35.622011, 140.165120

36.009410, 139.725402

35.955527, 139.345915
36.006692, 138.973790

35.951675, 139.444704
35.942779, 139.397784

35.993575, 139.662635

HIGUCHI Kiyoyuki ｜樋口 清之
ISHIKAWA Hiromi ｜石川 洋美

HIGUCHI Kiyoyuki ｜樋口 清之

SEKINO Masaru ｜関野 克
SHIBUYA Fumio ｜渋谷 文雄

GOTO Kazuhito ｜後藤 和民

SUZUKI Toshiaki ｜鈴木 敏昭

県自然公園事務所

Maki Kensetsu ｜真木建設
Saitama Prefecture Natural Park Oﬃce ｜埼玉

Board of Education ｜教育委員会
Residents ｜住民
KURIHARA Sadao ｜栗原 貞雄
Ryu Architect Oﬃce ｜龍設計
Residents ｜住民

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association© Japanese Archaeological Association

188
National
National

National
National

Otsuka-Saikachido Site, Yokohama ｜大塚・歳勝

Tanamukaihara Site, Sagamihara ｜田名向原遺跡

Kassaka Site, Sagamihara ｜勝坂遺跡

Kanzaki Site, Ayase ｜神崎遺跡

135

136

137

138

140

2011·14

Umataka-Sanjuinaba Site, Nagaoka ｜馬高・三十 National

稲場遺跡

八幡山遺跡

2008

2017

2010

2006

1995

1966–67

1973

National

Niigata Prefecture ｜新潟県
139 Furutsu-Hachimanyama Site, Niigata City ｜古津土遺跡

National

Santonodai Site, Yokohama ｜三殿台遺跡

National

Municipal
Municipal

134

Kanagawa Prefecture ｜神奈川県
133 Kaminokidai Site, Yokohama ｜神之木台遺跡

Shitanoya Site, Nishitokyo ｜下野谷遺跡

郷土館

2007

1970
1988

Hachisho Site, Kodaira ｜八小遺跡
Tama New Town Site 57, Tama ｜多摩ニュータウ
ン No57 遺跡

130
131

132

1948

Musashino Folklore Museum, Koganei ｜ 武蔵野

129

Municipal
Municipal
Prefecture

Municipal

Municipal

1988
1955
1956
1992
1993
1970
1970

北遺跡

Tsukayama Site, Suginami ｜下高井戸塚山遺跡
Matsunoki Site, Suginami ｜松の木遺跡
Kurihara Site, Nerima ｜栗原遺跡
Higashihayabuchi Site, Nerima ｜東早渕遺跡
Iko Site, Adachi ｜伊興遺跡
Nakata Site, Hachioji ｜中田遺跡
Honmachida Site, Machida ｜本町田遺跡

122
123
124
125
126
127
128

Date
1985

Designation

Heiwanomori Kita Site, Nakano ｜ 平和の森公園

121

Site nameAppendix Continued

2

7

2

2

1

8

3

1

1

1
3

4

1
1
1
1
1
1
2

1

#

M JomonL Yayoi

L Yayoi

M JomonM JomonM JomonM Yayoi
L Kofun
M Yayoi

L Yayoi

M JomonM JomonYayoi
M KofunNara
Nara
E JomonM JomonM JomonL KofunNara
L Yayoi
M KofunM KofunE JomonM Yayoi

L Yayoi

Period

Type

2 Pit

7 Pit

2 Pit

2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
7 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Raised1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Paved
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

Location

東京都埋蔵文化財センター

35.528778, 139.355335

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環

37.764438, 139.115179

37.447926, 138.768153

Saito Construction Co., Ltd ｜斎藤建設
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

35.410391, 139.407089
Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環
境計画研究所

Trecasa ｜トレカーサ工事

Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財
保存計画協会35.507646, 139.388962

35.551200, 139.580106

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

境計画研究所

35.420490, 139.610810

35.492018, 139.652882

35.725803, 139.561854

35.719558, 139.502135
35.626057, 139.428324

OOKA Makoto ｜大岡 信

寿建設工業

Kotobuki Kensetsu Kougyou Corporation ｜Toraido Koubou Co., Ltd. ｜トリアド工房

KATO Yuji ｜加藤 有次
Oﬃce of Education ｜教育庁
Tokyo Metropolitan Archaeological Center ｜35.700965, 139.573113

SUZUKI Shigeyoshi ｜鈴木 重吉
GOTO Shuichi ｜後藤 守一

35.716987, 139.662568
35.675137, 139.624903
35.685780, 139.640556
35.754683, 139.672347
35.750894, 139.660554
35.804658, 139.786522
35.674246, 139.323206
35.567424, 139.449752

Designer

Unknown ｜不明
FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
Iko Site Research Group ｜伊興遺跡公園調査会
WATANABE Yasutada ｜渡辺 保忠
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財
保存計画協会

Unknown ｜不明

Notes

No longer standing

No longer standing

No longer standing

Model reconstructions
based on various sites
No longer standing

No longer standing

No longer standing

No longer standing

John ERTLTerajii Site, Itoigawa ｜寺地遺跡

189

160

石川県埋蔵文化財センター

1983

1981

Kaga City Central Park ｜加賀市中央公園

National

2001

Fudodo Site, Asahi ｜不動堂遺跡

Ishikawa Prefecture ｜石川県
159 Ishikawa Archaeological Center, Kanazawa ｜158

154 Kasuga Site, Toyama City ｜春日遺跡
155 Ushinameri Site, Toyama City ｜牛滑遺跡
156 Mizukakarazu Site, Namerikawa ｜不水掛遺跡
157 Sakuramachi Site, Oyabe ｜桜町遺跡
1966
1963
1981
1999·03

1999

Toyama Prefecture ｜富山県
153 Kitadai Site, Toyama City ｜北代遺跡
National

1968

Wakayama Site, Sekikawa ｜若山遺跡

152

もん

2005–12

2009
1962
1968

1987

Najomon, Tsunan ｜農と縄文の体験実習館 なじょ

National

National

1971
1996–981957
2009·11
1987

1992

Date

151

148 Hida Site, Myoko ｜斐太遺跡
149 Kenshoji Site, Joetsu ｜顕聖寺遺跡
150 Chikusai Site, Sado ｜千種遺跡

147

145 Takinomae Site, Murakami ｜滝ノ前遺跡
146 Chojagahara Site, Itoigawa ｜長者ヶ原遺跡
National

Municipal
Municipal

142 Odaira Site, Ojiya ｜大平遺跡
143 Sasayama Site, Tokamachi ｜笹山遺跡
144 Tokamachi City Museum ｜十日町市博物館

Designation
National

141

Fujihashi Site, Nagaoka ｜藤橋遺跡

Site nameAppendix Continued

4

3

3

1
1
3
3

6

1

8

3
1
2

1

2
5

1
2
1

3

#

M JomonM Yayoi
Nara
Jomon
Yayoi
E KofunF KofunF JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonJomon

M JomonL JomonL Yayoi

M JomonL Yayoi
M JomonM JomonM JomonNara

F Jomon

PeriodType

1 Pit
1 Flat
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit

5 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit
3 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
1 W. Circle
3 Pit

3 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
7 Pit
1 Pillar
1 Pit

2 Pit
4 Pit
1 Pillar
1 Pit

2 Raised
1 Flat
1 Pit
2 Pit
1 Pit

Designer

Location

37.042896, 138.675449

Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員

36.322121, 136.328781

ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
Nihonkai Consultant Co. Ltd. ｜日本海コンサ
ルタント

36.508908, 136.688641

Ishikawa Archaeological Foundation ｜石川県
埋蔵文化財センター

36.920694, 137.553827

36.561389, 137.203083
36.615112, 137.076423
36.728509, 137.417847
36.687430, 136.873105

OYA Ryokichi ｜大屋 良吉
OKAZAKI Uichi ｜岡崎 卯一
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
UENO Sachio ｜上野 幸夫
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
HOSOMI Keizo ｜細見 啓三

36.717469, 137.186531

38.130504, 139.544973

ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男

Unknown ｜不明

37.053788, 138.234371
37.161121, 138.473797
37.986049, 138.345488

37.024888, 137.809160

38.242878, 139.452811
37.027391, 137.864948

37.277631, 138.811033
37.158372, 138.780929
37.140384, 138.756189

37.429147, 138.782226

TAJIMA Shinroku ｜田島 信六
ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Tanseisha ｜丹青社
KATO Mitsuhiko ｜加藤 充彦
NAKAJIMA Eiichi ｜中島 栄一
Hida Site Preservation Group ｜斐太史跡保存会
OTA Hirotaro ｜太田 博太郎
FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Green Sigma Co., Ltd. ｜グリーンシグマ
FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
HIGUMA Kazumi ｜樋熊 一実
ABE Kyohei ｜阿部 恭平

Based on various sites
3 currently standing

Based on various sites

No longer standing
No longer standing
No longer standing
2 currently standing

5 currently standing

Model reconstruction

Based on remains fromvarious sites

Based on Chigusa Site
｜千種遺跡

1 currently standing

Based on Babakami
Site ｜馬場上遺跡
1 currently standing

No longer standing

Notes

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association

Site name

Designation

Mawaki Site, Noto ｜真脇遺跡© Japanese Archaeological Association

190
1958

Municipal

Okanoya Site, Okaya ｜岡屋遺跡

180

古博物館

1954
1986

1996

Tonomura Site, Shimosuwa ｜殿村遺跡
Matsumoto Museum of Archeology ｜松本市立考Municipal

National

178
179

Nagano Prefecture ｜長野県
177 Miya Site, Nagano City ｜宮遺跡

Umenoki Site, Hokuto ｜梅之木遺跡
2017–181974
1991

174 Miyatani-Hakusan Site, Otsuki ｜宮谷白山遺跡
175 Kinsei Site, Hokuto ｜金生遺跡

176

1974
1984
1974

171 Uenohara Site, Kofu ｜上野原遺跡
172 Ozakihara Site, Tsuru ｜尾咲原遺跡
173 Hono Site, Tsuru ｜法能遺跡
Municipal
National

1982

Yamanashi Prefecture ｜山梨県
170 Yamanashi Museum of Archaeology, Kofu ｜山梨県立考古博物館

2000

Torihama Shell Middens, Wakasa ｜鳥浜貝塚

169

1995

1977

2011·17

Nishitani Site, Sakai ｜西谷遺跡
Prefecture

National

1982
1993

1992
1959

1999

Date

168

遺跡

Fukui Prefecture ｜福井県
167 Shikanotani-Hongo Site, Katsuyama ｜ 鹿 谷 本 郷

166

National
National

164 Okyozuka Site, Nonoichi ｜御経塚遺跡
165 Amenomiya Kofun, Nakanoto ｜雨の宮古墳群

National

Prefecture
Municipal

Yoshizaki-Suba Site, Hakui ｜吉崎・次場遺跡

162 Oominishiyama Site, Kahoku ｜大海西山遺跡
163 Funaokayama Site, Hakusan ｜舟岡山遺跡

161

Appendix Continued

2

1
2

3

2

1
3

1
1
1

1

3

1

1

2

1
1

1
3

3

#

E JomonL Yayoi

M JomonJomon

L JomonM JomonM JomonF JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonInt Kofun

M JomonF JomonL JomonKofun

L Yayoi
M JomonM Yayoi

Period

Type

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
2 Pit

3 Pit

2 Pit

1 Pit
3 Pit

1 Pit
1 Paved
1 Pit

1 Pit

3 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit

12 Pit1 W. Circle

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
3 Pit

2 Flat1 Raised

37.305659, 137.206943

TAKADA Hideki ｜高田 秀樹

保存計画協会36.059733, 138.028314

MIYASAKA Fusakazu ｜宮坂 英弌
Okaya Site Preservation Society ｜岡屋遺跡保存会

36.067072, 138.106036
36.193485, 138.001584

36.606718, 138.029392

35.789400, 138.463292

35.625892, 138.991930
35.848302, 138.385151

35.563508, 138.974359
35.546151, 138.915186

35.594191, 138.583626

35.560653, 135.895481

36.226943, 136.140309

36.056900, 136.465341

Takagi History Group ｜高木史話会
Board of Education ｜教育委員会

計事務所

Koen Ryokuchi Sekkei Jimusho ｜公園緑地設

SANO Takashi ｜佐野 隆
KURODA Masayuki ｜黒田 将行

KAWASAKI Yoshio ｜川崎 義雄
Watanabe Landscaping ｜渡辺造園
YOSHIDA Itaru ｜吉田 格
SATOMURA Kouichi ｜里村 晃一
None ｜なし
NIITSU Ken ｜新津 健
ITO Kimiaki ｜伊藤 公明
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財

Residents ｜住民

Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員

設計研究所

Kankyokukan Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜環境空間

AMINO Koichi ｜網野 孝一

36.546550, 136.599390
36.977550, 136.872259

36.775534, 136.755617
36.443362, 136.632136

Location
36.905486, 136.789321

Designer
KAWAKAMI Mitsugu ｜川上 貢
Institute for Development of Environment andCulture ｜空間文化開発機構
Kyodo Sekkei ｜共同設計
ISHIBE Masayuki ｜石部 正辛
MORIBE Hitoshi ｜守部 伍
Central Aero Survey Co., Ltd. ｜セントラル航業
Unknown ｜不明

Model reconstruction
1 currently standing
No longer standing

2 currently standing

Based on Kane-no-oSite ｜金の尾遺跡
No longer standing
No longer standing
No longer standing

Model reconstruction

No longer standing

No longer standing

Model reconstruction
No longer standing

1 currently standing

Notes

John ERTL

Designation

Special

189 Teruoka Site, Iiyama ｜照丘遺跡
190 Togariishi-Yosukeone Site, Chino ｜尖石 ･ 与助尾

191
Municipal
Municipal

193 Komaruyama Site, Shiojiri ｜小丸山遺跡
194 Shimofukiage Site, Saku ｜下吹上遺跡

1932

Indate Stone Age Dwelling Site, Tomi ｜戌立石器

197
National

National
Municipal

198 Omiyama Site, Kawakami ｜大深山遺跡
199 Oba Site, Tateshina ｜大庭遺跡

200 Idojiri Site, Fujimi ｜井戸尻遺跡
201 Garyu Site, Hara ｜臥竜遺跡
1958
1958

1962
1991

1991

Enkobo Site, Chikuma ｜円光房遺跡

196

時代住居跡

1992

Yashiroshimizu Site, Chikuma ｜屋代清水遺跡

1981
1978

1951·852017

1977
1949·00

1950
1950

195

National

National

Hiraide Site, Shiojiri ｜平出遺跡

192

小学校

Toyohira Elementary School, Chino ｜茅野市豊平

191

根遺跡

Municipal
Municipal

187 Kitsunekubo Site, Komagane ｜狐久保遺跡
188 Yamada Site, Komagane ｜山田遺跡

1
1

2
2

1

7

8

1
2

16

1

1
6

1
2

1
3

Gotenba Site, Ina ｜御殿場遺跡
Prefecture
Yomeishu Komagane Kobayochinai Site,
Komagane ｜養命酒駒ケ根工場用地内遺跡

185
186
1971
1972–76

1

寺ノ浦石器時代住居跡

Teranoura Stone Age Dwelling Site, Komoro ｜ National

1

1
2

#

184

1975

1951
1988

Date

Suzaka City Museum ｜須坂市立博物館

Municipal

183

181 Hirohata Site, Okaya ｜広畑遺跡
182 Kitada Site, Iida ｜北田遺跡

Site nameAppendix Continued
PeriodM JomonM JomonM JomonNara

M JomonM JomonM Kofun

M JomonM JomonHeian

M JomonL KofunJomon

L Yayoi
M JomonM JomonM JomonL YayoiNara
L Yayoi
L JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonL Kofun
Jomon

Type

2 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit

7 Pit
3 Pit
1 Raised
4 Pit
1 Flat
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Flat1 Raised
4 Flat
3 Pit
5 Pit
1 Paved
1 Raised
1 Paved

1 Pit

1 Pit
6 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
2 Pit

1 Paved

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

36.499978, 138.114297

36.361388, 138.385319
35.977433, 138.565326
36.268054, 138.319300
35.877686, 138.278683
35.963792, 138.227403

YAWATA Ichiro ｜八幡 一郎
TORII Ryuzo ｜鳥居 龍蔵
YAWATA Ichiro ｜八幡 一郎
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
MUTO Yuroku ｜武藤 雄六
HORIGUCHI Sutemi ｜堀口 捨己

36.533565, 138.136321

36.142323, 137.988018
36.250023, 138.342623

36.103760, 137.941207

36.013941, 138.203729

MORISHIMA Minoru ｜森嶋 稔

Residents ｜住民
Board of Education ｜教育委員会

FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

HIRABAYASHI Masaya ｜平林 正也

35.738605, 137.978585
35.743920, 137.986582

FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
TOMONO Yoshikazu ｜友野 良一
KOBAYASHI Mikio ｜小林 幹男
HORIGUCHI Sutemi ｜堀口 捨己

36.859637, 138.365983
36.014524, 138.233097

35.812961, 137.996756
35.705408, 137.901514

TOMONO Yoshikazu ｜友野 良一
TOMONO Yoshikazu ｜友野 良一

36.358721, 138.388278

36.646190, 138.312617

SEKI Koichi ｜関 孝一

Location
36.052127, 138.020414
35.467788, 137.878183

Designer
Residents ｜地元同好会
Board of Education ｜教育委員会

Notes

屋代清水遺跡Based onYashiroshimizu Site ｜No longer standing

15 currently standing

Model reconstruction

No longer standing

Model reconstruction
No longer standing
No longer standing

No longer standing
Model reconstruction

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association

Municipal
Municipal

Municipal© Japanese Archaeological Association

192
Municipal
Prefecture

Tsukahara Site, Seki ｜塚原遺跡

Robata Site, Kakamigahara ｜炉畑遺跡

Mineichigo Site, Gero ｜峰一合遺跡

213

214

215

216

Higashidaira Site, Fuji ｜東平遺跡

Municipal

220 Hirashiro Site, Hamamatsu ｜ヒラシロ遺跡
221 Yuzuriha Site, Atami ｜ゆずり葉遺跡
222 Tanoya Site, Shimada ｜田ノ谷遺跡

223

National

218 Shijimiduka Site, Hamamatsu ｜蜆塚遺跡
219 Iba Site, Hamamatsu ｜伊場遺跡

1985·87

1993
1975
1984

1957
1976

1951

2

1
1
2

5
6

9

1

1965

Nakano Site, Sekigahara ｜中野遺跡

Shizuoka Prefecture ｜静岡県
217 Toro Site, Shizuoka City ｜登呂遺跡

7

6

2

1

3
5

1
1
1
1

5

1972·06

1992

1999

1971

1982
1970·93

1956
1992
1983
1966

1

1
1

#

1972

SpecialMunicipal

Kitamachinishi Site, Tajimi ｜喜多町西遺跡

212

門端縄文住居跡

Municipal

Kadohashi Jomon Dwelling Ruins, Takayama ｜211

石器時代火炉

Gifu Prefecture ｜岐阜県
209 Donosora Site, Takayama ｜堂之上遺跡
National
210 Akahogii Stone Age Hearth, Takayama ｜赤保木 Prefecture

205 Wakamiya Site, Kiso ｜若宮遺跡
206 Kumakubo Site, Asahi ｜熊久保遺跡
207 Sakurazawa Site, Matsukawa ｜桜沢遺跡
208 Okanomine Site, Nozawaonsen ｜岡の峰遺跡

Prefecture

1999

204

Nakakoshi Site, Miyada ｜中越遺跡

Date
1973
1981

Designation

202 Naijo Site, Tatsuno ｜内城遺跡
203 Harada Site, Nakagawa ｜原田遺跡

Site nameAppendix Continued
PeriodHeian

M JomonJomon
L Yayoi

L JomonM KofunNara

L Yayoi

E JomonL Yayoi
M JomonM JomonL Yayoi
Int Kofun
M JomonM KofunE JomonE JomonM JomonM Yayoi

M JomonM JomonM JomonM JomonE JomonM JomonM Yayoi

Type

5 Pit
4 Raised
5 Flat
2 Pit
2 Flat2 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Raised

1 Pit
1 Raised
2 Pit
4 Raised
6 Pit
1 Raised
4 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

3 Pit
2 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

Designer

設計事務所

保存計画協会HIROSE Kenji ｜広瀬 鎌二
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財

Unknown ｜不明
ONO Shinichi ｜小野 真一

SEKINO Masaru ｜関野 克
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
GOTO Shuichi ｜後藤 守一FUKUYAMA Toshio ｜福山 敏男
Junya Mizuno Architect & Associates ｜水野

Individual Resident ｜個人

OOE Makoto ｜大江 命
ASAHIC. ｜アサヒコンサルタント
OOE Makoto ｜大江 命

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Tajimi City ｜多治見市
Institute for Development of Environment andCulture ｜空間文化開発機構

Kiyomi Village ｜清見村

TODA Tetsuya ｜戸田 哲也
Board of Education ｜教育委員会

HARA Motohiko ｜原 元彦
TOMONO Yoshikazu ｜友野 良一
FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
HIGUCHI Shoichi ｜樋口 昇一
Unknown ｜不明
SAKADUME Hideichi ｜坂詰 秀一

Unknown ｜不明
TOMONO Yoshikazu ｜友野 良一

Location

35.185747, 138.678810

34.849186, 138.176053

34.973371, 137.760154

34.713464, 137.703243
34.695365, 137.713200

34.956473, 138.408011

35.802632, 137.254049

35.394508, 136.894540

35.496022, 136.865167

35.340419, 137.101089

36.122334, 137.077300

36.053682, 137.279736
36.159774, 137.221853

35.848095, 137.621830
36.125636, 137.865605
36.397718, 137.836621
36.919698, 138.431655

35.769986, 137.945212

35.977052, 137.988500
35.632550, 137.935581

No longer standing
1 currently standing

4 currently standing

Built 1951·52·62·70·
71·07–09

No longer standing

3 currently standing

2 currently standing

4 currently standing

Model reconstruction

Based on Harada Site
｜原田遺跡

Notes

John ERTL

193
Municipal

236

1988
1991

Ryuo Elementary School, Yasu ｜竜王町立竜王小

Hachimanja Kofun, Higashiomi ｜八幡社古墳群

240

241

National

244 Hamazume Site, Kyotango ｜浜詰遺跡
Municipal
245 Kyoto Prefectural Yamashiro Folk Museum,
Kizugawa ｜京都府立山城郷土資料館

後古代の里資料館

Kyoto Prefecture ｜京都府
242 Moriyama Site, Joyo ｜森山遺跡
243 Kyotango Kodai no Sato Museum ｜京丹後市立丹学校

史民俗博物館

1959
1984

1995
1991·94

1988

Yasu Museum of History and Folklore ｜野洲市歴239

Prefecture

1979

の湖南遺跡

Dainakanokominami Site, Omihachiman ｜ 大 中 National

1988
2002

1957
2015

1955
1976
1975
1996
1965

1987
1970
1993

Date

238

Shiga Prefecture ｜滋賀県
237 Okaido Site, Nagahama ｜大海道遺跡

Prefecture

Mie Prefecture ｜三重県
234 Kakuregaoka Site, Ise ｜隠岡遺跡
235 Kayumiijiri Site, Matsusaka ｜粥見井尻遺跡

Prefecture

National
Municipal
Municipal
Prefecture
National

Aichi Prefecture ｜愛知県
227 Urigo Site, Toyohashi ｜瓜郷遺跡
228 Sone Site, Toyota ｜曽根遺跡
229 Inba-Otsuka Kofun, Owariasahi ｜印場大塚古墳
230 Daichi Site, Iwakura ｜大地遺跡
231 Kaigarayama Shell Midden, Kiyosu ｜貝殻山貝塚

232 Kurafune Site, Shitara ｜鞍船遺跡
233 Hongo-Sakuradai Site, Toei ｜本郷桜平遺跡

National

Designation
National

224 Kamishiraiwa Site, Izu ｜上白岩遺跡
225 Midaka-Danma Site, Kawazu ｜見高段間遺跡
226 Kashiya Yokoanagun, Kannami ｜柏谷横穴群

Site nameAppendix Continued

1
1

1
4

1

1

5

1

2

2

1
2

1
1

1
1
1
1
1

1
1
4

#

L JomonM Yayoi

L Jomon
Yayoi

Kofun

Yayoi

Yayoi

M Yayoi

Yayoi

Int Jomon
M JomonL Yayoi
Inc Jomon

E JomonJomon

M Yayoi
M JomonM Kofun
M Yayoi
M Yayoi

L Yayoi
M JomonL KofunPeriod

Type

1 Pit
3 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

4 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
3 Pit
1 Raised
計事務所

Unknown ｜不明
TABUCHI Toshiki ｜多淵 敏樹
Showa Sekkei ｜昭和設計
SAKAZUME Nakao ｜酒詰 仲男Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員

Unknown ｜不明

Unknown ｜不明

35.660000, 134.967003
34.752697, 135.835116

34.843264, 135.791088
35.738118, 135.110307

35.081716, 136.146782

35.067751, 136.128099

35.072408, 136.045782

35.173126, 136.131603

Unknown ｜不明
Unknown ｜不明

35.492908, 136.243177

34.391140, 136.450529

34.487456, 136.719775
34.455244, 136.398543

35.172264, 137.622718
35.072520, 137.705352

34.785494, 137.375743
35.081969, 137.171841
35.200346, 137.020377
35.274284, 136.863217
35.218559, 136.851786

Nomura Gumi ｜野村組

保存計画協会

Ise City ｜伊勢市
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財

GOTO Shuichi ｜後藤 守一
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
Residents ｜住民

GOTO Shuichi ｜後藤 守一City Planning Division ｜市都市計画
NANAHARA Yoshifumi ｜七原 恵史
Nakamura Giken ｜ナカムラ技建KIDO Hisashi ｜城戸 久

Location
34.963247, 138.984001
34.753914, 139.013636
35.082443, 138.958234

Designer
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
HAGIWARA Koichi ｜萩原 光一
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
Ishikura Architect and Associates ｜石倉建築設
登呂遺跡

Based on various sites
in city

Model reconstruction

Model reconstruction

Unknown if based onremains

No longer standing

Model reconstruction

Based on Inbaotsuka
Kofun ｜印場大塚古墳

Model reconstruction
based on Toro Site ｜Notes

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association

市立埋蔵文化財調査センター

Takatsuki Archaeological Research Center ｜高槻© Japanese Archaeological Association

194
National
Prefecture

National

National
National
Municipal

Egenoyama Site, Ashiya ｜会下山遺跡

Higashiune-Okita Site, Ako ｜東有年・沖田遺跡

Gossakaito Site, Awaji ｜五斗長垣内遺跡

Ebara Site, Shiso ｜家原遺跡

Jingumiyauchi Site, Tatsuno ｜新宮宮内遺跡

Onaka Site, Harima ｜大中遺跡

Kuratani Kofun Park, Ichikawa ｜倉谷古墳公園

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

Hyogo Prefecture ｜兵庫県
255 Otoshiyama Site, Kobe ｜大歳山遺跡
256 Tano Site, Amagasaki ｜田能遺跡

阪市埋蔵文化センター

1974

2012–141997

2009·17

1996

1959

1974
1970

2003

Higashiosaka City Archaeological Center ｜東大254

Municipal
National

2018

Jomon no Mori Fureai Kan, Habikino ｜縄文の杜

253

ふれあい館

1970

1980
1999–01

Kannonjiyama Site, Izumi ｜観音寺山遺跡

Prefecture
National

1980

252

250 Tanokuchiyama Site, Hirakata ｜田口山遺跡
251 Ikegami-Sone Ruins, Izumi ｜池上曽根遺跡249

新池埴輪製作遺跡

2001
1993–94

Date

Osaka Prefecture ｜大阪府
247 Hoenzaka Site, Osaka City ｜法円坂遺跡
National
248 Shinchi Haniwa Production Site, Takatsuki ｜ National

Designation
1992

246

National

Yosano Kofun Park ｜与謝野町立古墳公園

Site nameAppendix Continued

1

11

3

9

4

6

2

1
3

1

1

1

1
7

1

1
4

4

#

M Kofun

L Yayoi

M Yayoi

Jomon
Yayoi
Kofun

L Yayoi

L Yayoi
L Kofun

L Yayoi
L Yayoi

L Yayoi
Yayoi

Yayoi

Jomon

L Yayoi

M Yayoi
M Yayoi

L Yayoi

M Kofun
L Kofun

Kofun

Period

Type

1 Pit

11 Pit

2 Pit
2 Pit
4 Pit
1 Raised
3 Pit

1 Pit
1 Flat1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
2 Pit
3 Pit
1 Raised
4 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
3 Pit
1 Raised
3 Pillar
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Raised
4 Pillar2 Raised
2 Pit

Designer

保存計画協会YAGI Masao ｜八木 雅夫
Kan Institute Co., Ltd. ｜環研究所
Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員
Volunteers ｜ボランティア

YAGI Masao ｜八木 雅夫
Toshikeikan Sekkei Inc. ｜都市景観設計
TABUCHI Toshiki ｜多淵 敏樹

FUJISHIMA Gaijiro ｜藤島 亥治郎
ISHINO Hironobu ｜石野 博信
Toshikeikan Sekkei Inc. ｜都市景観設計
HOSOMI Keizo ｜細見 啓三

TABUCHI Toshiki ｜多淵 敏樹
MIYAZAWA Satoshi ｜宮沢 智士

ONISHI Yasuyuki ｜大西 康之

SUZUKI Makoto ｜鈴木 允
FUKUDA Seiken ｜福田 晴虔
ISHII Takumi ｜石井 匠

Takatsuki Metropolitan Archaeological Center｜高槻市立埋蔵文化財調査センター
UJITA Kazuo ｜宇治田 和生
ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
Oriental Design ｜オリエンタル設計

UEKI Hisashi ｜植木 久
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財

Institute for Development of Environment andCulture ｜空間文化開発機構

Location

34.988407, 134.746424

34.727598, 134.877187

34.923243, 134.546200

35.184182, 134.627728

34.504605, 134.908215

34.824034, 134.366811

34.740584, 135.291567

34.645123, 135.030131
34.769999, 135.440327

34.655861, 135.640269

34.550978, 135.591169

34.471375, 135.445764

34.816287, 135.704984
34.502421, 135.427434

34.861957, 135.588264

34.682184, 135.520961
34.853764, 135.581392

35.506083, 135.105574

Notes

Reconstructions built
1974·93·2005–18

3 currently standing

1 currently standing

Model reconstruction

Model reconstruction

No longer standing

Based on Shibatani Site
｜芝谷遺跡

Unknown if based onsite remains
No longer standing

John ERTLUenoyama Site, Kami ｜上ノ山遺跡

265

Designation

1966

Oyodo-Sakuragaoka Site, Oyodo ｜大淀桜ヶ丘遺

270

195

Mukibanda Site, Daisen ｜妻木晩田遺跡

1973

Izumo Jewelry Workshop Ruins, Matsue ｜ 出 雲 National

279

玉作遺跡

2005–07

National

1972·08

2001–10

Tawayama Site, Matsue ｜田和山遺跡

National

278

風土記の丘

Shimane Prefecture ｜島根県
277 Yakumotatsu Fudoki no Oka, Matsue ｜八雲立つ

276

1970
2002

Tottori Prefecture ｜鳥取県
274 Fukuichi Site, Yonago ｜福市遺跡
275 Mukoyama Kofun, Yonago ｜向山古墳群

1

3

2

19

1
3

1
1

1984
1976

National

1

1996

1

2

1

1

3

4

1

#

Wakayama Prefecture ｜和歌山県
271 Wakayama Kii Fudoki no Oka, Wakayama City
｜和歌山県立紀伊風土記の丘
272 Onosaki Site, Gobo ｜尾ノ崎遺跡
Municipal
273 Asuka Shrine Site, Shingu ｜阿須賀神社遺跡

跡

1992

Hashio Site, Koryo ｜箸尾遺跡

269

1994

National

Karako-Kagi Site, Tawaramoto ｜唐古・鍵遺跡

268

2004

Prefecture

1997

1990·01

2008

Date

Oko Site, Yamazoe ｜大川遺跡

Prefecture

267

Nara Prefecture ｜奈良県
266 Akino-Nakanosho Site, Uda ｜阿騎野・中之庄遺跡

Fukumoto Site, Kamikawa ｜福本遺跡

264

Site nameAppendix Continued

E KofunM KofunNara
M Yayoi

L Yayoi

L Yayoi
M Yayoi

E Kofun
L Yayoi

M KofunE JomonL Kofun

M Yayoi

Int Jomon

Asuka

Jomon
Nara
M Yayoi
Kofun

M Yayoi

PeriodType

1 Pit
1 Pillar
2 Pit
1 Pillar
1 Pit

1 Pit
2 Pit
1 Pillar
12 Pit7 Pillar

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit

1 Raised

1 Pit

1 Pit
2 Pillar

1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
等学校

35.438869, 133.054016
35.417755, 133.012116

SUZUKI Makoto ｜鈴木 允
ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
SUZUKI Makoto ｜鈴木 允

Institute for Development of Environment andCulture ｜空間文化開発機構

Notes

No longer standing

音浦遺跡

Based on Otora Site ｜No longer standing

Model reconstruction

Model reconstruction

35.427242, 133.090446 Based on Izumo Kokufu
Site ｜出雲国庁跡

35.463226, 133.453514

ASAKAWA Shigeo ｜浅川 滋男
Kinoshita Shun-ya Design Architects ｜木下俊哉建築設計事務所

35.404296, 133.366919
35.455677, 133.440083

SUZUKI Makoto ｜鈴木 允

33.859332, 135.158647
33.728368, 135.997126

34.227597, 135.229814

34.384799, 135.791904

OKADA Hideo ｜岡田 英男

Wakayama Prefectural Cultural Properties
Center ｜和歌山県文化財センター
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
INABA Kazuya ｜稲葉 和也

34.555659, 135.735686

34.569396, 135.799341

34.696648, 136.073908

34.476998, 135.928070

35.464134, 134.549450

Kokusai Kogyo Co., Ltd. ｜国際航業株式会社

社建築

Takigawa Jisha Architects Co., Ltd. ｜瀧川寺

建築組合

KATO Mitsuhiko ｜加藤 充彦
OKADA Hideo ｜岡田 英男
Seed Consultant, Inc. ｜シードコンサルタント
Yamazoe Village Construction Union ｜山添村

Nara National Research Institute for Cultural
Properties ｜奈良国立文化財研究所

Location
35.049649, 134.769382

Designer
Hyogo Kanzaki High School ｜兵庫県立神崎高

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association

Site name

Kojindani Site ｜荒神谷遺跡

Designation© Japanese Archaeological Association

196
1969

Municipal

Prefecture

Museum of Hiruzen Area, Maniwa ｜蒜山郷土博

Suwa Shrine Site, Misaki ｜諏訪神社境内遺跡

288

289

Hiroshima Prefecture ｜広島県
290 Egeyama Site, Hiroshima City ｜恵下山住居群跡
291 Miyoshi Fudoki no Oka, Miyoshi ｜みよし風土記

297

Kannonmen Park, Aki ｜観音免公園

南遺跡

1996

2000
2013

295 Furusato Village Kobo, Shobara ｜ふるさと村高暮296 Konosu-Minami Site, Higashihiroshima ｜鴻の巣

帝釈峡まほろばの里

1971
2000

1975

1976
1980

1997

293 Yumen Site, Miyoshi ｜勇免遺跡
294 Taishaku Valley Mahoroba-no-sato, Shobara ｜Nikkoji Dwelling Ruins, Miyoshi ｜日光寺住居跡の丘

Prefecture

1994

National

Kadota Shell Midden, Setouchi ｜門田貝塚

287

292

1959
2017

Municipal

Nodayama Site, Niimi ｜野田山遺跡
Ifurai Museum, Niimi ｜猪風来美術館

285
286

物館

1984

Soja City Ancient Park ｜総社市昔公園

284

1968·09

Municipal

Gomanbara Site, Ibara ｜五万原遺跡

283

55·84·97

Municipal

2007·09

1994

Date

Numa Site, Tsuyama ｜沼遺跡

National

National

282

Okayama Prefecture ｜岡山県
281 Tsushima Site, Okayama City ｜津島遺跡

280

Appendix Continued

1

1
1

1
2

1

1
4

1

2

2

1
1

1

3

3

5

2

#

L Kofun

M Yayoi
Int Jomon
M Yayoi
Jomon
L Yayoi

L Kofun

L Kofun
L Kofun

Jomon
Yayoi
L Yayoi

L Yayoi

M YayoiJomon

M Yayoi

L Yayoi

L Yayoi
L Yayoi

E Yayoi

L Yayoi

Period

Type

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Flat
1 Pit
1 Furnace
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

2 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit

1 Pit
2 Flat1 Raised1 Raised
2 Pit
1 Raised

2 Pit

34.917400, 133.454299
34.881679, 133.521095

ISHII Yonetaro ｜石井 米太郎
Ifurai ｜猪風来
MURAKAMI Genya ｜村上 原野
Environmental Dynamics Architect ｜環境事業

MIURA Masayuki ｜三浦 正幸
Nakahiro Kensetsu ｜中博建設
Board of Education ｜教育委員会

34.796847, 132.861570

SHIOMI Hiroshi ｜潮見 浩
FUJITA Hitoshi ｜藤田 等
Board of Education ｜教育委員会

Notes

No longer standing

Based on Matsugasako
Site ｜松ヶ迫遺跡

Model reconstruction

1 currently standing

Model reconstruction

Model reconstructionof Numa Site ｜沼遺跡
No longer standing

2 currently standing

Model reconstructionof Tano Site ｜田能遺跡

34.379652, 132.549420

35.018163, 132.832942
34.400821, 132.711757
Model reconstruction

34.771476, 132.912360 No longer standing
34.864074, 133.203683 Based on Matsugasako
Site ｜松ヶ迫遺跡

34.481034, 132.511687
34.763515, 132.899134

34.988638, 133.963383

KAMAKI Yoshimasa ｜鎌木 義昌
Hazama Corporation ｜間組
Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員

35.294656, 133.712519

Hiruzen Architects ｜蒜山建築

34.666684, 134.094641

34.670425, 133.751671

Unknown ｜不明

計画研究所

34.673581, 133.544157

35.083940, 134.014195

34.680136, 133.916213

MAKABE Tadahiko ｜間壁 忠彦

事務所

SHIBUYA Yasuhiko ｜渋谷 泰彦
Kimura Architectural Oﬃce ｜キムラ建築設計

Institute for Development of Environment andCulture ｜空間文化開発機構

Location
35.373341, 132.849836

Designer
Keikan Sekkei (Osaka) Co., Ltd. ｜景観設計研究所（大阪）

John ERTLPrefecture

Tokushima Prefecture ｜徳島県
302 Yano Site, Tokushima City ｜矢野遺跡

197

Shiudeyama Site, Mitoyo ｜紫雲出山遺跡

National

National

312 Urayama Site, Chikugo ｜裏山遺跡
313 Taguma-Ishihatake Site, Munakata ｜ 田熊石畑遺Hiratsuka-Kawazoe Site, Asakura ｜平塚川添遺跡

Ishizaki-Magarita Site, Itoshima ｜ 石 崎 曲 り 田 遺

314

315

跡

跡

National
National
National

Municipal

Fukuoka Prefecture ｜福岡県
309 Itatsuke Site, Fukuoka City ｜板付遺跡
310 Nokata Site, Fukuoka City ｜野方遺跡
311 Iwatoyama Kofun, Yame ｜岩戸山古墳

Ehime Prefecture ｜愛媛県
307 Kodera Site, Matsuyama ｜古照遺跡
308 Hachidoyama Site, Saijo ｜八堂山遺跡

306

群

Kagawa Prefecture ｜香川県
304 Kagawa Prefecture Archaeological Center,
Sakaide ｜香川県埋蔵文化財センター
305 Oi-Nanatsuzuka Kofun, Sanuki ｜大井七つ塚古墳 Municipal

303

Gozu no Sato, Itano ｜郡頭の郷

Municipal

300 Sakabe Site, Hagi ｜坂部遺跡
301 Kokuiju Site, Mine ｜国秀遺跡

299

Municipal

National

Designation

Kitasako Site, Ube ｜北迫遺跡

Yamaguchi Prefecture ｜山口県
298 Ayaragigo Site, Shimonoseki ｜綾羅木郷遺跡

Site nameAppendix Continued

1993

2001

1966·74
2015

1993
1991
1993

1989
1973–74

1

13

3
4

12
2
2

1
2

2

1

1984
1990

1

2

4

1
2

1

2

#

1988

1995

1995

1995
1995

2003

1994

Date

Int Yayoi

L Yayoi

M Yayoi
E Yayoi

L Yayoi
L Yayoi
L Yayoi

E Kofun
L Yayoi

M Yayoi

Kofun

Yayoi

L Yayoi

L Yayoi

L Yayoi
Asuka

E Yayoi
L Kofun
L Yayoi

Period

7 Pit
5 Raised
1 Flat
1 Pit

12 Pit2 Pit
1 Pit
1 Raised
3 Pit
4 Pit

1 Raised
1 Pit
1 Raised

1 Pit
1 Raised

1 Pit

1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Raised

3 Pit
1 Raised

1 Pit
2 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit

Type

KONISHI Ryuzaburo ｜小西 龍三郎
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
KONISHI Ryuzaburo ｜小西 龍三郎

術システム

IWASAKI Hikaru ｜岩崎 光
Renovating Technology System Inc. ｜修復技

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Nakajima Osamu Architectural Design Oﬃce
｜中島修建築設計事務所

HOSOMI Keizo ｜細見 啓三
NAGAI Kazuaki ｜長井 数秋

33.518786, 130.161727

33.395896, 130.650834

33.799774, 130.537626

33.565653, 130.452604
33.554962, 130.306303
33.230897, 130.552315

33.840500, 132.734785
33.897930, 133.197646

34.243808, 133.596418

34.278901, 134.221131

TAGUCHI Toru ｜田口 徹
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

34.291083, 133.916722

34.145961, 134.451049

34.057953, 134.466628

Kyoto Kagaku Co., Ltd. ｜京都科学

SUGAWARA Yasuo ｜菅原 康夫

Unknown ｜不明

34.434355, 131.481905
34.272527, 131.262340

33.985778, 131.274868

Local history group ｜地元の郷土史研究会
Board of Education ｜教育委員会
Urban Design ｜アーバンデザイン

34.011758, 130.925932

Location

Kyoto Kagaku Co., Ltd. ｜京都科学

Designer

No longer standing

12 currently standing

No longer standing

8 currently standing
No longer standing
Based on Akashi Site
｜赤氏遺跡

Based on Ichinotani
Site ｜一の谷遺跡

Based onKurodanigawa-gozuSite ｜黒谷川郡頭遺跡

吉野ヶ里遺跡Model reconstructionof Yoshinogari Site ｜No longer standing

吉野ヶ里遺跡Model reconstructionof Yoshinogari Site ｜Based on Shimohieda
Site ｜下稗田遺跡

Notes

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association

Site name

Mikunide Site, Chikuzen ｜三国手遺跡

Kurisozui Kofun, Karatsu ｜久里双水古墳
Mutabe Site, Taku ｜牟田辺遺跡
Habu Site, Ogi ｜土生遺跡
National

Municipal

National

Designation© Japanese Archaeological Association

198
1994

1994
1985

Himawari Park, Koshi ｜ひまわり公園

Higo Kodai-no-mori Jomon Village, Nagomi ｜Hino-Oka Site, Minamiaso ｜陽の丘遺跡

325

326

327

332 Ankokuji Village Ruins, Kunisaki｜安国寺集落遺跡 National

Usa Fudoki no Oka, Usa City ｜宇佐風土記の丘

Prefecture
Municipal

329 Shiragata Site, Saiki ｜白潟遺跡
330 Warikake Site, Bungotakada ｜割掛遺跡

331

Prefecture

Oita Prefecture ｜大分県
328 Jissoji Kofun, Beppu ｜実相寺古墳群

肥後古代の森縄文のむら

2000

1986

1958
1995

1957

2004

熊本県立装飾古墳館

Kumamoto Soshoku Kofun Museum, Yamaga ｜1991

2005–08

2001

1996
1977
1992

1990

1968

Date

324

塚原歴史民俗資料館

SpecialKumamoto Prefecture ｜熊本県
323 Tsukawara History Museum, Kumamoto City ｜ National

Nagasaki Prefecture ｜長崎県
322 Haranotsuji Site, Iki ｜原の辻遺跡

321 Yoshinogari Site, Yoshinogari Town ｜吉野ケ里遺跡 Special

318
319
320

Saga Prefecture ｜佐賀県
317 Nabatake Site, Karatsu ｜菜畑遺跡

316

Appendix Continued

13

3

1
1

2

1

3

2

1

2

17

98

2
1
4

1

1

#

L Yayoi

Kofun

M Yayoi
M Yayoi

L Yayoi

M Yayoi

L JomonL YayoiNara

M Yayoi

M Kofun

L Yayoi

L Yayoi

Int Kofun
M Yayoi
M KofunF Jomon

PeriodType

9 Raised
4 Pit

2 Pit
1 Raised

1 Pit
1 Flat
1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit

3 Pit

1 Pit
1 Pit

1 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit

7 Raised
6 Flat
4 Pit

2 Raised
1 Pit
3 Pit
1 Raised
51 Raised
9 Pillar
37 Pit1 Flat

1 Pit

1 Pit

32.961893, 131.887903
33.545895, 131.451275

KAGAWA Mitsuo ｜賀川 光夫
Daiko Consultant ｜ダイコー建設補償コンサル

33.539604, 131.358738

33.566231, 131.716087

MIBUKA Fumihiro ｜身深 文広

YAMAMOTO Teruo ｜山本 輝雄

タント33.305654, 131.488392

KAGAWA Mitsuo ｜賀川 光夫

32.857767, 131.002027

32.973853, 130.599299

KONISHI Ryuzaburo ｜小西 龍三郎
Residents ｜住民32.891301, 130.744602

32.992838, 130.669828

Residents ｜住民
Kyushu Research Institute for Cultural
Properties Inc. ｜九州文化財研究所

32.691760, 130.738391

33.759452, 129.751552

Museum Staﬀ ｜博物館職員

保存計画協会MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Japan Cultural Heritage Consultancy ｜文化財

33.325266, 130.384807

33.397698, 129.987279
33.268230, 130.132160
33.276164, 130.200425

Ide Komusho ｜井手工務所
MIYAHARA Taneo ｜宮原 種生

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

33.448840, 129.957892

究所

Location
33.460556, 130.583561

Architectural Laboratory for Systems
Environment Development ｜アルセッド建築研

DesignerNotes

No longer standing

川部高森古墳群

Based on Kawabe
Takamori Kofungun ｜No longer standing
No longer standing

1 currently standing

No longer standing

Based on Hino-oka Site
｜陽の丘遺跡Based on Hattanbaru
Site ｜八反原遺跡
No longer standing
1 currently standing

Based on Uwanohara
Site ｜上の原遺跡

No longer standing

Model reconstruction

No longer standing

John ERTL

2006

1993–96

Ufuta Site, Tatsugo ｜ウフタ遺跡

339

Okinawa Prefecture ｜沖縄県
340 Nakabaru Site, Uruma ｜仲原遺跡
National

2017

Yakushima-Yokomine Site, Yakushima ｜ 屋 久 島

横峯遺跡

338

1999·01

National

Uenohara Site, Kirishima ｜上野原遺跡

1995

1966·08

337

Special

1990

Date

Municipal
National

Saidobaru Kofun, Saito ｜西都原古墳群

National

Designation

Kagoshima Prefecture ｜鹿児島県
335 Uwaba Site, Izumi ｜上場遺跡
336 Hashimuregawa Site, Ibusuki ｜橋牟礼川遺跡

334

跡公園

Miyazaki Prefecture ｜宮崎県
333 Hasugaike Historical Park, Miyazaki ｜ 蓮ヶ池史

Site nameAppendix Continued

199
7

1

1

15

1
4

2

4

#

F JomonE Yayoi

Int Jomon
M JomonE Yayoi
M Yayoi
E Kofun
E Yayoi
L JomonPaleolithic
Nara

L Kofun
Kofun

Kofun

Period

7 Pit

1 Pit

10 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Pit
1 Paved

1 Pit
4 Pit

3 Pit
1 Raised
1 Pit
1 FlatType

TAKAMIYA Hiroe ｜高宮 廣衞
KONISHI Ryuzaburo ｜小西 龍三郎
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎

Sekitoku Junior High School PTA ｜赤徳小中学校 PTA
Board of Education ｜教育委員会

MORITA Ikuro ｜森田 郁郎

Yokomine Jomon Club ｜横峯縄文クラブ

境計画研究所

26.391528, 127.994443

28.414850, 129.624470

30.302582, 130.641136

31.712832, 130.801884

32.102275, 130.476644
31.229894, 130.645560

32.125590, 131.380346

MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
NPO iSaito ｜ NPO 法人 i さいと

TSUCHIDA Mitsuyoshi ｜土田 充義
Kyoto Kagaku Co., Ltd. ｜京都科学
Institute for Development of Environment andCulture ｜空間文化開発機構
MIYAMOTO Nagajiro ｜宮本 長二郎
Rekishi Kankyo Sekkei Kenkyusho ｜歴史環

31.969022, 131.445925

Location

Unknown ｜不明

Designer

1 currently standing

Model reconstruction

Notes

SURVEY OF PREHISTORIC AND ANCIENT PERIOD ARCHITECTURAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN JAPAN© Japanese Archaeological Association