VisionFive 2 Single Board
Computer Quick Start Guide
Version: 1.72
Date: 2024/05/23
Doc ID: VisionFive2-QSGEN-001

Legal Statements
Important legal notice before reading this documentation.

PROPRIETARY NOTICE
Copyright©Shanghai StarFive Technology Co., Ltd., 2023. All rights reserved.
Information in this document is provided "as is," with all faults. Contents may be periodically
updated or revised due to the product development. Shanghai StarFive Technology Co.,
Ltd.(hereinafter "StarFive") reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any
products herein.
StarFive expressly disclaims all warranties, representations, and conditions of any kind, whether
express or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties or conditions ofmerchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement.
StarFive does not assume any liability rising out of the application or use of any product or circuit,and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation indirect, incidental, special,
exemplary, or consequential damages.
All material appearing in this document is protected by copyright and is the property of StarFive.
You may use this document or any part of the document for internal or educational purposes only,
provided you do not modify, edit or take out of context the information in this document in any
manner. Information contained in this document may be used, at your sole risk, for any purposes.
StarFiveauthorizes you to copy this document, provided that you retain all copyright and otherproprietary notices contained in the original materials on any copies of the materials and that youcomply strictly with these terms. This copyright permission does not constitute an endorsement of
the products or services.

Contact Us
Address: Room 502, Building 2, No. 61 Shengxia Rd., China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone,
Shanghai, 201203, China Room 502, Building 2, No. 61 Shengxia Rd., China (Shanghai) Pilot Free
Trade Zone, Shanghai, 201203, China
Website: http://www.starfivetech.com http://www.starfivetech.com
Email: sales@starfivetech.com(sales) , support@starfivetech.com(support)iiPreface
About this guide and technical support information.

About this document
This document mainly provides the users with the necessary information about the StarFive
VisionFive 2 development board, including features, specifications, board appearance, and pinout,
as well as the guidelines to get started with the Debian operating system.

Revision History
Table 0-1 Revision History

VersionReleased

Revision

1.72

2024/05/23

Removed Compiling and Updating Linux Kernel.

1.712023/11/06

Updated the partition info of QSPI Flash in Updating SPL and U-Boot ofFlash (on page 36).

1.72023/08/14• Added a note in VisionFive 2 Boot Mode Settings (on page 49).
• Add more hardware items in Required Hardware (on page 19).
• Added more information about the Debian image in Flashing OS
to a Micro-SD Card (on page 21).
• Moved the Updating SPL and U-Boot (on page 36) and Extend
Partition on SD Card or eMMC (on page 33) section under get­ting started as essential steps.
• Added the following sections:◦ Avoid Running apt upgrade (on page 33)◦ Install Packages (on page 35)◦ Compiling and Updating Linux Kernel◦ Debian Customization (on page 42)• Updated the SSD Mounting Location figure in Required Hardware(on page 19).

1.63

2023/06/13• Fixed typos.
• Updated Updating SPL and U-Boot of Flash (on page 36).

1.622023/05/10

Updated VisionFive 2 Boot Mode Settings (on page 49).

1.61

2023/04/28

Updated the note type as warning in Required Hardware (on page
19).

iii

Table 0-1 Revision History (continued)

VersionReleased

1.6

2023/04/19

Revision• Updated the version information of the recovery file in Recover­ing the Bootloader (on page 43).
• Added a note in Updating SPL and U-Boot of Flash (on page
36).

1.5

2023/04/12• Fixed typos.
• Added one step to set boot mode while log in to Debian.
• Updated commands in Using SSH over Ethernet as Root Account(on page 42).
• Added one step in Updating SPL and U-Boot of SD Card andeMMC (on page 41)

1.42023/04/03• Updated notes for login credentials in Logging into Debian (onpage 23)• Moved the Using SSH over Ethernet as Root Account (on page42) section under appendix.

1.3

2023/03/28

Updated username for Debian login.

1.2

2023/02/28

Updated the following sections:• updated the Extend Partition on SD Card or eMMC (on page33).
• Added installation step of the openssh-server software package
in Using SSH over Ethernet as Root Account (on page 42).
• Added a new method in Updating SPL and U-Boot (on page36).
• Added recommended SSD mounting screw in Required Hardware(on page 19).

1.1

2022/12/27

Updated the following sections:• Removed a redundant step in Logging into Debian (on page23)
• Added Step 1 in Using SSH over Ethernet (on page 25).
• Added a new method in Updating SPL and U-Boot of Flash (onpage 36).

iv

Table 0-1 Revision History (continued)

VersionReleased

Revision• Updated the DTS file links in GitHub Repository (on page 48).
• Added example output figures in Recovering the Bootloader (onpage 43).

1.0

2022/12/21

The first official release.

Notes and notices
The following notes and notices might appear in this guide:

v

•

Tip:
Suggests how to apply the information in a topic or step.

•

Note:
Explains a special case or expands on an important point.

•

Important:
Points out critical information concerning a topic or step.

•

CAUTION:
Indicates that an action or step can cause loss of data, security problems, or
performance issues.

•

Warning:
Indicates that an action or step can result in physical harm or cause damage tohardware.

Contents
List of Tables..........................................................................................................................................8
List of Figures........................................................................................................................................ 9
Legal Statements................................................................................................................................... ii
Preface.................................................................................................................................................. iii
1. Features and Specifications..................................................................................................... 10
1.1. Features................................................................................................................................10
1.1.1. Hardware................................................................................................................... 10
1.1.2. Interfaces................................................................................................................... 11
1.1.3. Software.................................................................................................................... 121.2. Specifications........................................................................................................................12
2. Hardware Overview.................................................................................................................15
2.1. Board Appearance................................................................................................................15
2.2. Pinout Diagram.....................................................................................................................17
3. Getting Started........................................................................................................................ 19
3.1. Required Hardware.............................................................................................................. 19
3.2. Connecting a Fan to VisionFive 2.........................................................................................21
3.3. Flashing OS to a Micro-SD Card........................................................................................... 21
3.3.1. Flashing with Linux or Windows............................................................................... 223.4. Logging into Debian............................................................................................................. 23
3.4.1. Using Desktop over HDMI.........................................................................................24
3.4.2. Using SSH over Ethernet........................................................................................... 25
3.4.3. Using a USB to Serial Converter................................................................................28
3.5. Avoid Running apt upgrade................................................................................................. 33
3.6. Extend Partition on SD Card or eMMC................................................................................ 33
3.7. Install Packages.................................................................................................................... 35
3.8. Updating SPL and U-Boot.....................................................................................................36
3.8.1. Updating SPL and U-Boot of Flash............................................................................ 36
3.8.2. Updating SPL and U-Boot of SD Card and eMMC..................................................... 41
4. Appendix................................................................................................................................. 42
4.1. Debian Customization.......................................................................................................... 42
4.2. Using SSH over Ethernet as Root Account...........................................................................424.3. Recovering the Bootloader.................................................................................................. 43
4.4. GitHub Repository................................................................................................................ 48
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All rights reserved

6

Contents

4.5. VisionFive 2 Boot Mode Settings......................................................................................... 49

7© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

www.starfivetech.com

Contents

List of Tables
Table 0-1 Revision History.................................................................................................................... iii
Table 2-1 Board Appearance Description........................................................................................... 16
Table 4-1 GitHub Repository Addresses..............................................................................................48
Table 4-2 Boot Mode Settings.............................................................................................................49www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

8

Contents

List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Board Appearance (Top View)........................................................................................... 15
Figure 2-2 Board Appearance (Bottom View)..................................................................................... 16
Figure 2-3 Pinout Diagram.................................................................................................................. 17
Figure 3-1 NPTHs on VisionFive 2.......................................................................................................20
Figure 3-2 Single head hexagonal copper columns............................................................................ 20
Figure 3-3 Double way hexagon copper studs....................................................................................20
Figure 3-4 SSD Mounting Location......................................................................................................21
Figure 3-5 Connecting a Fan to VisionFive 2...................................................................................... 21
Figure 3-6 Install BalenaEtcher........................................................................................................... 23
Figure 3-7 Debian Interface................................................................................................................ 25
Figure 3-8 Example Output................................................................................................................. 27
Figure 3-9 Example Output................................................................................................................. 28
Figure 3-10 Connecting Jumper Wire................................................................................................. 29
Figure 3-11 Example............................................................................................................................29
Figure 3-12 Example Configuration.....................................................................................................30
Figure 3-13 Example Output............................................................................................................... 31
Figure 3-14 Connecting Jumper Wires................................................................................................31
Figure 3-15 Example Output............................................................................................................... 32
Figure 3-16 Example Output............................................................................................................... 32
Figure 3-17 Example Output............................................................................................................... 33
Figure 4-1 Connecting to the Debug Pins of VisionFive 2 40-pin GPIO Header.................................. 43
Figure 4-2 Boot Mode Setting (UART)................................................................................................ 44
Figure 4-3 Example Output................................................................................................................. 44
Figure 4-5 Example Output................................................................................................................. 46
Figure 4-7 Example Output................................................................................................................. 47
Figure 4-9 Boot Mode Setting Location.............................................................................................. 50
Figure 4-10 Boot Mode Settings......................................................................................................... 51

9© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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1. Features and Specifications
This chapter describes the features and specifications of VisionFive 2.

1.1. Features
VisionFive 2 provides the following features.
• Hardware (on page 10)• Interfaces (on page 11)• Software (on page 12)

1.1.1. Hardware
This section describes the following VisionFive 2 hardware functions.
• Processor (on page 10)• Memory (on page 10)• Storage (on page 10)• Video Processing (on page 10)

Processor• StarFive JH-7110 with RISC-V quad-core CPU with 2 MB L2 cache and a monitor core,
supporting RV64GC ISA, working up to 1.5 GHz• IMG BXE-4-32 MC1 with work frequency up to 600 MHz

MemoryVisionFive 2 provides the system memory of 2 GB, 4 GB, or 8 GB LPDDR4 SDRAM up to 2,800 Mbps.

Storage• Onboard TF card slot: The VisionFive 2 can boot from the TF card.
• Flash: The firmware to store U-Boot and BootLoader.

Video Processing
The video processing of VisionFive 2 has the following features.

www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved10

| 1 - Features and Specifications• Video decoder support up to 4K@60fps and multi-stream for H264/H265• Video encoder support up to 1080p@30fps and multi-stream for H265
• JPEG encoder/decoder

1.1.2. Interfaces• 1 × 2-lane MIPI DSI• 1 × 4-lane MIPI DSI• 1 × 2-lane MIPI CSI• 1 × 3.5 mm Audio Jack
• 1 × USB-C port for charging• 1 × USB device port (by reusing the USB-C port)• 4 × USB 3.0 ports (multiplexed with a PCIe 2.0 1x lane)• 1 × HDMI 2.0• 2 × RJ45 Ethernet ports• 1 × 4-pin PoE header• 1 × 2-pin fan header• 1 × Reset button• 1 × 40-pin GPIO header, supporting various interface options:◦ 3.3 V (on 2 pins)◦ 5 V (on 2 pins)◦ Ground (on 8 pins)◦ GPIO◦ CAN bus
◦ DMIC
◦ I2C
◦ I2S
◦ PWM
◦ SPI
◦ UART◦ and so on
11© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

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| 1 - Features and Specifications

1.1.3. Software
Operating System
VisionFive 2 supports Debian operating system.
For more software resources, please follow the StarFive GitHub repository.

1.2. Specifications
VisionFive 2 has the following specifications.
Type

Item

Description

Processor

StarFive JH-7110

StarFive JH-7110 with RISC-V quad-core CPU
with 2 MB L2 cache and a monitor core, sup­porting RV64GC ISA, working up to 1.5 GHz

Imagination GPU

IMG BXE-4-32 MC1 with work frequency up to
600 MHz

Memory2 GB/4 GB/8 GB

LPDDR4 SDRAM, up to 2,800 Mbps

StorageOnboard TF card slot

VisionFive 2can boot from a TF card.

Flash

The firmware to store U-Boot and BootLoader.

Multimedia

Video Output• 1 × 2-lane MIPI DSI display port, support­
ing up to 1080p@30fps• 1 × 4-lane MIPI DSI display port, support­
ing up to 2K@30fps in both single display
and dual display modes.
• 1 × HDMI 2.0, supporting up to 4K@30fps
or 2K@60fps
Note:
Only one MIPI DSI port can be used for
display at a time.

Camerawww.starfivetech.com

1 × 2-lane MIPI CSI camera port, supporting up
to 1080p@30fps© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved12

| 1 - Features and Specifications

Type

Item

Description• Video decoder supports up to 4K@60fps
and multi-stream for H264/H265;

Encoder/Decoder• Video encoder supports up to
1080p@30fps and multi-stream for H265;• JEPG encoder/decoder

Connectivity

Power

GPIO

Audio

4-pole stereo audio jack

Ethernet

2 × RJ45 Gigabit Ethernet ports

USB Host

4 × USB 3.0 ports (multiplexed with a PCIe 2.0
1x lane).

USB Device

1 × USB device port (by reusing the USB-C port)

M.2 Connector

M.2 M-Key

eMMC Socket

For eMMC module as OS and data storage.

2-Pin Fan Header-

USB-C port

5 V DC via USB-C with PD, up to 30 W (minimum
3 A)

GPIO Power In

5 V DC via GPIO heade (minimum 3 A)

PoE (Power over Ethernet)

Power function is enabled and requires sepa­
rate PoE HAT

40-Pin GPIO Header

1 × 40-pin GPIO header, supporting various in­terface options:• 3.3 V (on 2 pins)• 5 V (on 2 pins)• Ground (on 8 pins)• GPIO• CAN bus
• DMIC
• I2C
• I2S
• PWM
• SPI

13

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| 1 - Features and Specifications

Type

Item

Description• UART• and so on

Boot Mode

Boot mode setting pins

You can choose one of the following bootmodes:• 1-bit QSPI Nor Flash• SDIO3.0• eMMC• UART

ButtonReset button

To reset VisionFive 2, press and hold the Resetbutton for more than 3 seconds to ensure thereset is successful.

Dimensions

100 × 74 mm-

Compliance

RoHS, FCC, CE-

Environment

Recommended operating tem­
perature

0-50 ℃

Other

Debug function

UART TX and UART RX are available through the
40-pin GPIO header.

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14

2. Hardware Overview
This chapter provides the hardware overview of VisionFive 2.

2.1. Board Appearance
Figure 2-1 Board Appearance (Top View)

15© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

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| 2 - Hardware Overview
Figure 2-2 Board Appearance (Bottom View)

CAUTION:
During the use of VisionFive 2, avoid contact with hard objects that may cause damage.
Table 2-1 Board Appearance Description

No.

Description

1

StarFive JH-7110 with RISC-V quad- 14
core CPU, supporting RV64GC ISA

2 × Ethernet Ports (RJ45)

2

PoE Header

15

HDMI 2.0 Port

3

Boot Mode Pins

16

3.5 mm Audio Jack

4

40-Pin GPIO Header

17

2 × USB 3.0 Port5

2 GB/4 GB/8 GB LPDDR4 SDRAM

18

2 × USB 3.0 Port

6

Reset Button

19

4-Lane MIPI DSI

7

EEPROM20

USB 3.0 Host Controller

8USB-C Port, supporting both charg­ 21
ing and data transmission

2-Lane MIPI DSI

92-Lane MIPI CSI

eMMC Socketwww.starfivetech.com

No.

22© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

Description16

| 2 - Hardware Overview
Table 2-1 Board Appearance Description (continued)

No.

Description

No.

Description

10

PMIC

23

TF Card Slot

11

2-Pin Fan Header

24

QSPI Flash12

GMAC0 PHY25

M.2 M-Key

13

GMAC1 PHY--

2.2. Pinout Diagram
The following is the pinout diagram:
Figure 2-3 Pinout Diagram

3.3V Power

1

2

5V Power

GPIO58 (I2C SDA)

3

4

5V Power

GPIO57 (I2C SCL)

5

6

GND

GPIO557

8

GPIO5 (UART TX)

GND

9

10

GPIO6 (UART RX)

GPIO42

11

12

GPIO38GPIO43

13

14

GND

GPIO4715

16

GPIO54

3.3V Power

17

18

GPIO51

GPIO52 (SPI MOSI)

19

20

GND

GPIO53 (SPI MISO)

21

22

GPIO50

GPIO48 (SPI SCLK)

23

24

GPIO49 (SPI CE0)

GND

25

26

GPIO56

GPIO4527

28

GPIO40

GPIO37

29

30

GND

GPIO3931

32

GPIO46 (PWM0)

GPIO59 (PWM1)

33

34

GND

GPIO63

35

36

GPIO36GPIO6037

38

GPIO61

GND

39

40

GPIO4417© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

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| 2 - Hardware Overview

Note:• Each GPIO pin can safely draw a maximum current of 32 mA, whereas the maximum
current draw when all GPIOs are combined should be less than 100 mA. Please takethis into account or otherwise, you will end up destroying the GPIO pins.
• All GPIOs can be configured to support different functions including but not limited
to SDIO, Audio, SPI, I2C, UART, and PWM. For the instructions, refer to the VisionFive
2 40-Pin GPIO Header User Guide.

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All rights reserved18

3. Getting Started
This chapter provides steps to get started with VisionFive 2.

3.1. Required Hardware
Make sure you have prepared the following hardware items:• VisionFive 2• Micro SD card (32 GB or more)• USB card reader for your host PC• PC with Linux/Windows/Mac OS• Power adapter• USB Type-C Cable• For desktop environment usage:◦ Keyboard and mouse◦ Monitor or TV◦ HDMI cable• Additionally, here are some optional components which you may also need:◦ Ethernet LAN cable or a compatible WiFi dongle (ESWIN6600U or AIC8800 module isenabled by default)◦ USB to UART Serial converter module
Tip:
This is used for system recovery via UART boot mode.
Warning:
During the use of VisionFive 2, avoid contact with hard objects that may cause damage.
Thus, StarFive recommends that you use spacers for the following NPTHs (Non Plating
Through Hole):19© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

www.starfivetech.com

| 3 - Getting Started
Figure 3-1 NPTHs on VisionFive 2

For spacers, StarFive strongly recommends that you use the copper columns or studs withthe following specifications:• Single head hexagonal copper columns (Size: M2.5*10+6mm)
Figure 3-2 Single head hexagonal copper columns• Double way hexagon copper studs (Size: M2.5*4)
Figure 3-3 Double way hexagon copper studs

Note:
The recommended SSD mounting screw for VisionFive 2 is M2 × 3 mm (Head Diameter: 5.0mm).

www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved20

| 3 - Getting Started
Figure 3-4 SSD Mounting Location

3.2. Connecting a Fan to VisionFive 2
You can connect a 2-pin 5 V fan to VisionFive 2 for further cooling as follows:
Figure 3-5 Connecting a Fan to VisionFive 2
40-Pin GPIO Header

2/4/8 GBLPDDR4PoE

MIPI CSI

2-Lane MIPI DSIBoot Mode

USB-C

Reset

EEPROM

PMIC

4-Lane MIPI DSI

JH7110Fan Header

USB 3.0
Host
Controller

2 x USB 3.0
Host

HDMI 2.0

2 x USB 3.0
Host

GMAC1
PHY

+5V
GND

GMAC0
PHY

Ethernet(RJ45)-+

Ethernet(RJ45)

Audio

3.3. Flashing OS to a Micro-SD Card21

© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

Now we need to burn Debian (which is a Linux distribution) to a micro-SD card so that it can run on
the VisionFive 2. This chapter provides example steps to flash Debian to a Micro-SD card with Linuxor Windows.

3.3.1. Flashing with Linux or Windows
To flash the image with Linux or Windows, perform the following steps:
1. Insert a micro-SD card into the computer through a micro-SD card reader, or by a built-in card
reader on a laptop.
2. Download the latest Debian image from: this link.
Note:
The latest Debian images are located in the 202308 folder. Make sure you use thelatest image.
Since there are several boot modes as described in VisionFive 2 Boot Mode Settings(on page 49), different Debian images are also prepared, which include:• NVME image• SD image• eMMC image
Thus, depending on user’s preference, you will need to choose the image todownload accordingly.
3. Extract the .bz2 file.
The image downloaded is in an img.bz2 compressed format. To extract the image, you willneed to use a tool like 7-Zip in Windows/Linux or bzip2 command.
For bzip2, you can use the following command, this command will remove the original
img.bz2 file. :bzip2 -d <filename>.img.bz2

To preserve the original file, you will need to use:bzip2 -dk <filename>.img.bz2

4. Visit this link to download BalenaEtcher. We will use BalenaEtcher software to flash the
Debian image to a micro-SD card.
5. Install BalenaEtcher and open it.

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All rights reserved22

| 3 - Getting Started
Figure 3-6 Install BalenaEtcher

6. Click Flash from file and select the location of the image where we just unzipped thefollowing file:
starfive-jh7110-VF2-<Version>.img
Tip:<Version> indicates the version number of the Debian image.
7. Click Select target and select the connected micro-SD card.
8. Click Flash! to start the flash task.

3.4. Logging into Debian
Perform the following steps to log into Debian:
1. Connect a display to VisionFive 2 via HDMI.
2. Set the boot mode as required. For instructions, see VisionFive 2 Boot Mode Settings (on page
49).
Tip:
StarFive recommends that you use SD card or eMMC mode since the versions of SPL
and U-Boot in the QSPI flash may be outdated and require update. If you need to
update SPL and U-Boot, refer to Updating SPL and U-Boot.
23© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved

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| 3 - Getting Started

3. Insert the TF card with the Debian image into VisionFive 2 and power it on.
4. Enter the credentials as follows:• Username: user
• Password: starfive
5. You can log into Debian OS by:• Using Desktop over HDMI (on page 24)• Using SSH over Ethernet (on page 25)• Using a USB to Serial Converter (on page 28)
Tip:
If you need to load different DTB files, update the ./boot/uEnv.txt file as describedin the Step 6 under Adding New File section in the VisionFive 2 Single Board Computer
Software Technical Reference Manual.

3.4.1. Using Desktop over HDMI
After installing Debian, you can log in to Debian OS on VisionFive 2 using desktop over HDMI.
Steps:
1. After the HDMI of the display screen is connected, insert the micro-SD card with the Debian
image into the VisionFive 2 and power on.
2. After the desktop login system is displayed, you can use the keyboard and mouse on
VisionFive 2.
3. Enter the credentials as follows:• Username: user
• Password: starfive
Result:www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved24

| 3 - Getting Started

You will see the following interface:
Figure 3-7 Debian Interface

3.4.2. Using SSH over Ethernet
After installing Debian, you can log in to Debian OS on VisionFive 2 through an SSH connection overthe local network.
1. Insert the micro-SD card with the Debian image into the VisionFive 2 and power on.
2. Connect one end of an Ethernet cable to the RJ45 connector on the VisionFive 2 and theother end of the cable to a router.
3. After a successful Ethernet connection, your router will assign an IP address to the VisionFive
2 and it will be connected to the Internet.
4. Continue the steps according to your OS:• For Windows (on page 25)• For Mac/Linux (on page 27)

3.4.2.1. For Windows
1. Log in to your router (usually you need to enter 192.168.1.1 on the web browser to enter
the router).
2. Go to DHCP configuration and find the IP address of the VisionFive 2.

25© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

Tip:
You can easily find the IP address of the VisionFive 2 by referring to its hostname,starfive.
3. Download and install Putty by visiting this link.
Tip:
Putty is an SSH and telnet client through which you can connect to the Carrier Board.
You can skip this step if you already have Putty installed.
4. Open Putty to log in to Debian.
5. Select SSH under the Connection Type.
6. Configure the settings as follows:• Host Name: IP address of your VisionFive 2• Port: 22
7. Click Open.
8. (Optional) Decide the user account. If you need to use the root account for privileged
operations in remote access, follow the instructions in Using SSH over Ethernet as Root
Account (on page 42).
Note:
If you don't need to login as root, skip this step.
9. Enter the credentials as follows:Note:
If you want to login as root account, perform the previous step and change the
Username as root in the following credentials.
• Username: user
• Password: starfive
Result:www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved26

| 3 - Getting Started

Now you have connected with the VisionFive 2 via SSH using windows!
Figure 3-8 Example Output

3.4.2.2. For Mac/Linux
1. Log in to your router (usually you need to enter 192.168.1.1 on the web browser to enter therouter).
2. Go to DHCP configuration and find the IP address of the VisionFive 2.
Tip:
You can easily find the IP address of the VisionFive 2 by referring to its hostname,starfive.
3. (Optional) Decide the user account. If you need to use the root account for privileged
operations in remote access, follow the instructions in Using SSH over Ethernet as Root
Account (on page 42).
Note:
If you don't need to login as root, skip this step.
4. Open a terminal window and type the following:Note:
The following command is using user account as an example. If you need to login as
root account, make sure you perform the previous step and change user as root in
the following command.
ssh user@192.168.1.xxx

27© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

Tip:
192.168.1.xxx is the IP address of VisionFive 2.

5. Type the password as starfive in the prompt.
Result:Now you have connected with the VisionFive 2 via SSH using Mac/Linux!
Tip:
192.168.1.xxx is the IP address of VisionFive 2.
Figure 3-9 Example Output

3.4.3. Using a USB to Serial Converter
You can log in to Debian OS on VisionFive 2 using a USB-to-Serial converter. Please follow thefollowing steps according to your OS:• For Windows (on page 28)• For Mac/Linux (on page 31)

3.4.3.1. For Windows
Steps:
1. Insert the micro-SD card with the Debian image burnt into VisionFive 2.
2. Connect one end of the USB Type-C cable to the USB Type-C port on the VisionFive 2, andconnect the other end of the cable to the power adapter.
3. Connect the jumper wires from the USB to Serial Converter to the 40-Pin GPIO header of the
VisionFive 2 as follows.

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| 3 - Getting Started
Figure 3-10 Connecting Jumper Wire

3.3V Power

1

2

5V Power

GPIO58 (I2C SDA)

3

4

5V Power

GPIO57 (I2C SCL)

5

6

GND

GPIO557

8

GPIO5 (UART TX)

GND

9

10

GPIO6 (UART RX)

GPIO42

11

12

GPIO38GPIO43

13

14

GND

GPIO4715

16

GPIO54

3.3V Power

17

18

GPIO51

GPIO52 (SPI MOSI)

19

20

GND

GPIO53 (SPI MISO)

21

22

GPIO50

GPIO48 (SPI SCLK)

23

24

GPIO49 (SPI CE0)

GND

25

26

GPIO56

GPIO4527

28

GPIO40

GPIO37

29

30

GND

GPIO3931

32

GPIO46 (PWM0)

GPIO59 (PWM1)

33

34

GND

GPIO63

35

36

GPIO36GPIO6037

38

GPIO61

GND

39

40

GPIO44

IC

3Y3
TXD
RXD
GND
+5V

4. Connect the USB-to-Serial converter to the PC.
5. Open Device Manager by typing Device Manager in the windows search box.
6. Click the drop-down arrow from Ports (COM & LPT) and find the name of the connected serial
port (e.g.: COM4).
Figure 3-11 Example

29© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

7. Download and install PuTTY by visiting this link.
Tip:
PuTTY is an SSH and telnet client through which you can connect to the Carrier Board
via SSH. You can skip this step if you already have PuTTY installed.
8. Open Putty to connect the PC to the Carrier Board.
a. Select Serial under the Connection Type.
b. Configure the settings as follows:• Serial line: COM4 (choose your COM port)• Speed: 115200
Figure 3-12 Example Configurationc. Click Open.
9. Power on the VisionFive 2.
10. Type username and password in the prompt as follows:Note:
You can use either user or root account to login. The following example use user tologin.
• Username: user
• Password: starfive
Result:www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

Now you have connected with the VisionFive 2 via serial communication using windows!
Figure 3-13 Example Output

3.4.3.2. For Mac/Linux
1. Insert the micro-SD card with the Debian image burnt into VisionFive 2.
2. Connect one end of the USB Type-C cable to the USB Type-C port on the VisionFive 2, andconnect the other end of the cable to the power adapter.
3. Connect the jumper wires between the USB-to-Serial converter and the 40-Pin GPIO headerof the VisionFive 2 as follows.
Figure 3-14 Connecting Jumper Wires

3.3V Power

1

2

5V Power

GPIO58 (I2C SDA)

3

4

5V Power

GPIO57 (I2C SCL)

5

6

GND

GPIO557

8

GPIO5 (UART TX)

GND

9

10

GPIO6 (UART RX)

GPIO42

11

12

GPIO38GPIO43

13

14

GND

GPIO4715

16

GPIO54

3.3V Power

17

18

GPIO51

GPIO52 (SPI MOSI)

19

20

GND

GPIO53 (SPI MISO)

21

22

GPIO50

GPIO48 (SPI SCLK)

23

24

GPIO49 (SPI CE0)

GND

25

26

GPIO56

GPIO4527

28

GPIO40

GPIO37

29

30

GND

GPIO3931

32

GPIO46 (PWM0)

GPIO59 (PWM1)

33

34

GND

GPIO63

35

36

GPIO36GPIO6037

38

GPIO61

GND

39

40

GPIO44

IC

3Y3
TXD
RXD
GND
+5V

4. Connect the USB-to-Serial converter to the PC.
5. Open a terminal window on Mac/Linux.
31© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

6. Update the packages list by typing the following command.
sudo apt-get update

7. Install minicom by typing the following command.
sudo apt-get install minicom

8. View the connected serial devices.
dmesg | grep tty
Figure 3-15 Example Output

9. Connect to the serial device by typing the following command.
sudo minicom -D /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 115200

Note:
The baud rate is set to 115,200.
Figure 3-16 Example Output

10. Power on the VisionFive 2.
11. Type username and password in the prompt as follows:Note:
You can use either user or root account to login. The following example use user tologin.
• Username: user
• Password: starfive
Result:www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
All rights reserved32

| 3 - Getting Started

Now you have connected with the VisionFive 2 via serial communication using MacOS/Linux!
Figure 3-17 Example Output

3.5. Avoid Running apt upgrade
After Logging into Debian (on page 23), at the current state, avoid running apt upgrade as it
will override the existing customized packages provided by StarFive.

3.6. Extend Partition on SD Card or eMMC
To fully utilize the unused space on the SD card or eMMC after logging into Debian, perform thefollowing steps:
1. Use the following command to list available elements:~# df -hExample Output:
Filesystem
udev
tmpfs
/dev/mmcblk1p4
tmpfs
tmpfs
tmpfs
tmpfs

Size
3.7G
793M
2.0G
3.9G
5.0M
793M
793M

Used Avail Use% Mounted on
0 3.7G
0% /dev
3.1M 790M
1% /run
1.9G
88M 96% /0 3.9G
0% /dev/shm
12K 5.0M
1% /run/lock
32K 793M
1% /run/user/107
24K 793M
1% /run/user/0

2. Run the fdisk command with disk name as an argument.
Example Command:root@starfive:~# fdisk /dev/mmcblk<X>

33© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

Tip:<X>: The application value is 0 or 1. 1 for SD card and 0 for eMMC.
Example Output:
root@starfive:~# fdisk /dev/mmcblk1
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.38.1).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
GPT PMBR size mismatch (4505599 != 62929919) will be corrected by
write.
This disk is currently in use - repartitioning is probably a bad idea.
It's recommended to umount all file systems, and swapoff all swap
partitions on this disk.
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4, default 4): 4
Partition 4 has been deleted.
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (4-128, default 4): 4
First sector (34-62929886, default 221184):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (221184-62929886, default
62928895):
Created a new partition 4 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 29.9
GiB.
Partition #4 contains a ext4 signature.
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: N
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Syncing disks.

3. Resize the /dev/mmcblk<X>p4 partition by running the resize2fs command to fully utilize
the unused block.
Tip:<X>: The application value is 0 or 1. 1 for SD card and 0 for eMMC.
Example Command and Output:
root@starfive:~# resize2fs /dev/mmcblk1p4
resize2fs 1.46.6-rc1 (12-Sep-2022)
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| 3 - Getting Started
Filesystem at /d[ 295.372617] EXT4-fs (mmcblk1p4): resizing filesystemfrom 535291 to 7838464 blocks
ev/mmcblk1p4 is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 4[ 295.993163] EXT4-fs (mmcblk1p4): resized filesystem to 7838464
The filesystem on /dev/mmcblk1p4 is now 7838464 (4k) blocks long.

Verification:
Run df -h to verify the new size of partition, and to verify that our steps to extend partition(/dev/mmcblk<X>p4) are successful.
Tip:<X>: The application value is 0 or 1. 1 for SD card and 0 for eMMC.
The following output indicates the modification is successful:root@starfive:~# df -hFilesystem
Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev
3.7G
0 3.7G
0% /dev
tmpfs
793M 3.1M 790M
1% /run/dev/mmcblk1p4
30G 1.9G
28G
7% /
tmpfs
3.9G
0 3.9G
0% /dev/shm
tmpfs
5.0M
12K 5.0M
1% /run/lock
tmpfs
793M
32K 793M
1% /run/user/107
tmpfs
793M
24K 793M
1% /run/user/0

3.7. Install Packages
Install Essential Packages
There are some packages that you can install to improve the overall user experience, which includes:• vim• nautilus (Gnome File Viewer)

Installing packages provided by StarFive
The following are the packages provided to install:
Some packages particular are not available to download via apt/apt-get, and is provided by StarFive,
which includes (take the latest script in 202306 folder):• Node.js 18.0.0• v8 10.2.154.13• libsdl2-dev
35© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started• QT 5.15.2• Firefox 105.0• Libreoffice 7.5• NW.js• FFmpeg• GStreamer• v4l2test (This is a custom shell script to use the CSI camera)• Chromium 103• VLC 3.0.18
Debian Repo for StarFive Packages: Github Link
There is a script prepared so that you can install the packages (and its runtime dependencies) withthe run of a script.
You will just need to run:
Note:
Make sure VisionFive 2 is connected to the Internet before running the script.
wget
https://github.com/starfive-tech/Debian/releases/download/v0.8.0-engineering-release-wayland/install_package_and_dependencies.shchmod +x install_package_and_dependencies.shsudo ./install_package_and_dependencies.sh

3.8. Updating SPL and U-Boot
3.8.1. Updating SPL and U-Boot of FlashTo update SPL and U-Boot of flash for VisionFive 2, two methods are provided:
Note:
For instructions to create SPL and fw_payload (U-Boot) files, refer to Creating SPL Fileand Creating fw_payload File sections in the VisionFive 2 Single Board Computer Software
Technical Reference Manual.

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| 3 - Getting Started

1. Through the tftpboot command as described in Through tftpboot Command (on page37).
2. Through the flashcp command as described in Through flashcp Command (on page 39).
Note:
Method 2 only supports versions equal to or later than VF2_v2.5.0.

Through tftpboot Command
To update SPL and U-Boot through the tftpboot command, perform the following steps:
Note:
Step 1-7 are performed on the host PC while Step 8-13 are performed on VisionFive 2.
1. Connect one end of an Ethernet cable to the VisionFive 2 RJ45 connector, and connect theother end of the cable to a router.
2. Install a TFTP server on the host PC by executing:sudo apt-get update
sudo apt install tftpd-hpa

3. Check the server status:
sudo systemctl status tftpd-hpa

4. Execute the following to enter the TFTP server:
sudo nano /etc/default/tftpd-hpa

5. Configure the TFTP server as follows:
TFTP_USERNAME="tftp"
TFTP_DIRECTORY="/home/user/tftp"
TFTP_ADDRESS=":69"
TFTP_OPTIONS="-c -l -s"

Note:
TFTP_DIRECTORY refers to the directory to store bootloader, u-boot, SPL, image
and so on.
6. Create tftp-server folder to store the files:
sudo mkdir -p /home/user/tftp

7. Restart the TFTP server by executing:37© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started
sudo systemctl restart tftpd-hpa

8. Power on VisionFive 2 and wait until it enters the U-Boot command line interface.
Tip:• Prerequisite:◦ An USB to TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) converter. Connect the USB
to the computer, and connect the Dupont cable to the correct extension
pin of VisionFive 2. Please pay attention to the cross connection of TX
and RX.
◦ Install Putty or secureCRT on your PC.
• When you power on the VisionFive 2, the serial port will print countdown,
usually starting from 3. Hit any key to stop autoboot before the number
decreases to 0, and you can enter the U-Boot command mode.
9. Configure the environment variables by executing:setenv ipaddr 192.168.120.222;setenv serverip 192.168.120.99

Note:
Generally, the default IP of a router is 192.168.120.1. In this case, use the server IP
as the IP assigned by the DHCP server of the router and use the VisionFive 2 IP as
192.168.120.xxx. However, if your router IP is different (for example, 192.168.2.1 ),make sure the server IP and VisionFive 2 IP are in the same IP domain (for example,
192.168.2.xxx).
10. Check the connectivity by pinging the host PC from VisionFive 2.
Example command:ping 192.168.120.99

Result:
The following output indicates that the host PC and VisionFive 2 have establishedcommunication on the same network.
StarFive # ping 192.168.120.99
speed: 1000, full duplex
Using dwmac.10020000 device
host 192.168.120.99 is alive

11. Initialize SPI Flash:www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started
sf probe

Result:StarFive # sf probe
SF: Detected gd25lq128 with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB,
total 16 MiB

12. Update SPL binary, the following is the command and example output:
StarFive # tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out
Using ethernet@16030000 device
TFTP from server 192.168.120.99; our IP address is 192.168.120.222
Filename ‘u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out’.
Load address: 0xa0000000
Loading: ##########
1.6 MiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 132208 (20470 hex)
StarFive # sf update 0xa0000000 0x0 $filesize
device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x20470
0 bytes written, 132208 bytes skipped in 0.23s, speed 5206961 B/s

13. Update U-Boot binary, the following is the command and example output:
StarFive # tftpboot 0xa0000000 ${serverip}:visionfive2_fw_payload.img
Using ethernet@16030000 device
TFTP from server 192.168.120.99; our IP address is 192.168.120.222
Filename ‘visionfive2_fw_payload.img’.
Load address: 0xa0000000
Loading:##########################################################################################################################################################################################################
2.2 MiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 2955397 (2d1885 hex)
StarFive # sf update 0xa0000000 0x100000 $filesize
device 0 offset 0x100000, size 0x2d1885
0 bytes written, 2955397 bytes skipped in 0.507s, speed 5922361 B/s
StarFive #Through flashcp Command
To update SPL and U-Boot through the flashcp command, perform the following steps:

39© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 3 - Getting Started

Note:This method requires to enter the Debian OS and only supports versions equal to or later
than VF2_v2.5.0.
1. Install the mtd-utils package by executing the following command:
apt install mtd-utils

2. Transfer the latest u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out andvisionfive2_fw_payload.img files to Debian system through SCP.
3. Execute the following command to check the MTD partition:
cat /proc/mtd

Example Output:
You will see the partition information in the QSPI flash:dev: size erasesize namemtd0: 00040000 00001000 "spl"mtd1: 00010000 00001000 "uboot-env"
mtd2: 00300000 00001000 "uboot"mtd3: 00100000 00001000 "data"

4. Update the SPL and U-Boot binaries according to different partitions:• Example command to update SPL:
flashcp -v u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out /dev/mtd0• Example command to update U-Boot:
flashcp -v visionfive2_fw_payload.img/dev/mtd2

Example Command and Output:# flashcp -v u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out /dev/mtd0
Erasing blocks: 36/36 (100%)
Writing data: 143k/143k (100%)
Verifying data: 143k/143k (100%)# flashcp -v visionfive2_fw_payload.img
Erasing blocks: 736/736 (100%)
Writing data: 2943k/2943k (100%)
Verifying data: 2943k/2943k (100%)/dev/mtd2

5. Restart the system to make the updates take effect.

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| 3 - Getting Started

3.8.2. Updating SPL and U-Boot of SD Card and eMMC
To update SPL and U-Boot of SD Card and eMMC, perform the following steps:
1. Transfer the latest U-Boot-spl.bin.normal.out andvisionfive2_fw_payload.img files into Debian OS through SCP.
2. Update SPL.
dd if=u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out of=/dev/mmcblk<X>p1 conv=fsync

3. Update U-Boot.
dd if=visionfive2_fw_payload.img of=/dev/mmcblk<X>p2 conv=fsync

Tip:<X>: The application value is 0 or 1. 1 for SD card and 0 for eMMC.
Example command and output:
root@starfive:~# dd if=u-boot-spl.bin.normal.out of=/dev/mmcblk1p1
conv=fsync
255+1 records in
255+1 records out
130688 bytes (131 kB, 128 KiB) copied, 0.033136 s, 3.9 MB/s
root@starfive:~# dd if=visionfive2_fw_payload.img of=/dev/mmcblk1p2
conv=fsync
5469+1 records in
5469+1 records out
2800501 bytes (2.8 MB, 2.7 MiB) copied, 0.619333 s, 4.5 MB/s

4. Restart the system to make the updates take effect.

41© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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www.starfivetech.com

4. Appendix
4.1. Debian Customization
For details, refer to the Debian User Guide section in VisionFive 2 Debian User Guide

4.2. Using SSH over Ethernet as Root AccountAfter the new system is installed, the rejected connection denial appears when you try to log on to
the Debian Linux server as a root user. Here is the example information:$ ssh root@192.168.120.41
ssh: connect to host 192.168.120.41 port 22: Connection refused

To enable SSH root login, perform the following steps:
1. Run the following command to configure the SSH server:
echo 'PermitRootLogin=yes'| sudo tee -a /etc/ssh/sshd_config

2. Restart the SSH server:
sudo systemctl restart sshd

Result:
You will be able to use SSH login using the root account. The following output indicates thelogin is successful:
Example Output:$ ssh root@192.168.120.41
root@192.168.120.41's password:
Linux starfive 5.15.0-starfive #1 SMP Fri Feb 24 03:26:44 EST 2023
riscv64
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free
software;the exact distribution terms for each program are described in theindividual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.

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| 4 - Appendix
Last login: Mon Feb 27 08:05:28 2023 from 192.168.120.130
root@starfive:~#

3. Login as root account using SSH as described in Using SSH over Ethernet (on page 25).

4.3. Recovering the Bootloader
The SPL and U-Boot are stored inside the SPI flash of your board. There may be situations where you
accidentally empty the flash or if the flash is damaged on your board. In these situations, it's betterto recover the bootloader.
1. Connect the jumper wires between the USB-to-Serial converter and the Debug pins of
VisionFive 2 40-pin GPIO header. The following figure is an example:
Figure 4-1 Connecting to the Debug Pins of VisionFive 2 40-pin GPIO Header

3.3V Power

1

2

5V Power

GPIO58 (I2C SDA)

3

4

5V Power

GPIO57 (I2C SCL)

5

6

GND

GPIO557

8

GPIO5 (UART TX)

GND

9

10

GPIO6 (UART RX)

GPIO42

11

12

GPIO38GPIO43

13

14

GND

GPIO4715

16

GPIO54

3.3V Power

17

18

GPIO51

GPIO52 (SPI MOSI)

19

20

GND

GPIO53 (SPI MISO)

21

22

GPIO50

GPIO48 (SPI SCLK)

23

24

GPIO49 (SPI CE0)

GND

25

26

GPIO56

GPIO4527

28

GPIO40

GPIO37

29

30

GND

GPIO3931

32

GPIO46 (PWM0)

GPIO59 (PWM1)

33

34

GND

GPIO63

35

36

GPIO36GPIO6037

38

GPIO61

GND

39

40

GPIO44

IC

3Y3
TXD
RXD
GND
+5V

2. Before you recover the bootloader, double check the boot mode jumpers (Switch_2) on yourboard has already been switched to UART mode (RGPIO_1,RGPIO_0: 1,1).
Tip:
The following figure shows the boot mode settings. For more information, refer toVisionFive 2 Boot Mode Settings (on page 49).

43

© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 4 - Appendix
Figure 4-2 Boot Mode Setting (UART)

3. Configure the serial port baud rate settings to 115200 bps.
4. Power up, you will see an output like this:
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC

5. Transfer the latest recovery binary (jh7110-recovery-<Version>.bin) by XMODEM.
The recovery binary is located at: https://github.com/starfive-tech/Tools/tree/master/
recovery.
Tip:<Version> indicates the version number of the recovery file. Make sure you use thelatest version.
Figure 4-3 Example Output

www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 4 - Appendix

6. Type 0 and press Enter on your keyboard to update SPL binary <u-bootspl.bin.normal.out>.

45© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 4 - Appendix
Figure 4-5 Example Output

7. Type 2 and press Enter on your keyboard to update U-Boot binary<visionfive2_fw_payload.img>.

www.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 4 - Appendix
Figure 4-7 Example Output

47© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 4 - Appendix

8. Power off and switch jumpers back to Flash mode (RGPIO_1,RGPIO_0: 0,0).

4.4. GitHub Repository
The following table describes the GitHub Repository addresses:
Note:
Make sure you have switched to the corresponding branch.
Table 4-1 GitHub Repository Addresses

Type

Repository

Branch

Linux

Linux

JH7110_VisionFive2_devel

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| 4 - Appendix
Table 4-1 GitHub Repository Addresses (continued)

Type

Repository

DTS Files under Linux
Repository• jh7110.dtsi

Branch-• jh7110-vision­
five-v2.dts• jh7110-vision­
five-v2.dtsi

Uboot

Uboot

JH7110_VisionFive2_devel

OpenSBIOpenSBImasterDebian

Debian-4.5. VisionFive 2 Boot Mode Settings
VisionFive 2 provides pins to determine the boot mode before it is powered up. The following are
the available boot modes and details.
Table 4-2 Boot Mode Settings

Index

Boot ModeRGPIO_1

RGPIO_0

1

1-bit QSPI Nor Flash

0 (L)

0 (L)

2

SDIO3.0

0 (L)

1(H)

3

eMMC

1 (H)

0 (L)

4

UART

1 (H)

1 (H)

Note:
StarFive recommends that you use 1-bit QSPI Nor Flash mode since there is a low possibility
that the VisionFive 2 may fail to boot in eMMC or SDIO3.0 boot mode. Try restarting the
VisionFive 2 if fails to boot in eMMC or SDIO3.0 boot mode.
The following figure displays the location and the pin definitions of the boot mode settings.

49© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 4 - Appendix
Figure 4-9 Boot Mode Setting Locationwww.starfivetech.com© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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| 4 - Appendix
Figure 4-10 Boot Mode Settings

Note:
The silk prints may vary with different versions of boards.

51© 2018-2024 StarFive Technology
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