２００６年度第３回知的財産翻訳検定＜英文和訳＞【化学分野】※解答作成前に必ず下記の注意事項に目を通してください。
【解答にあたっての注意事項】
問題は 3 題あります。それぞれの問題の指示に従い、3 題すべて解答してください。

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問１．次のクレーム（Claims）を日本語に翻訳してください。なお、翻訳にあたっては、クレームの後の明細書の記述（抜粋）を参考にしてください。
1. A curable phosphate coating composition of improved uniform coating thickness and coverage,erosion resistance, impact resistance, bond strength and corrosion resistance, which coating
composition comprises (a) an aqueous acid binder which comprises phosphate ions and ions selectedfrom the group consisting of chromate and molybdate ions and binds (b) a mixture which contains
powder of spherical particles, and flakes in a random distribution amongst the particles, whereinsaid flakes constitute at least about one percent by weight of the mixture, with the provisothat neither the powder nor the flake is zinc or magnesium and that the phosphate ions are present
in major proportion and in excess of the ions selected from the group consisting of chromate
and molybdate.
2. The curable phosphate coating composition of claim 1 wherein the powder of spherical particles
and the flakes are metals or alloys thereof.
3. The curable phosphate coating composition of claim 2 wherein the powder spherical particles
are metal particles which are selected from the group consisting of aluminum, nickel, silver,
reduced iron, a refractory metal and the alloys thereof and wherein the flakes are metal flakes
selected from the group consisting of aluminum, nickel, iron and the alloys thereof andcopper-nickel.
【参考】明細書の記述（抜粋）The invention broadly described relates to aqueous compositions which comprise an aqueous acidbinder which includes phosphate ions and chromate and/or molybdate ions and a powder mixtureof flakes of a pigment and of a material which is not a flake, generally a metal which isthree-dimensional in its primary dimension, or where the two-dimensional particle is in a smaller
proportion.

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It was expected that the addition of flake aluminum, particularly non-leafing flake aluminum,
would have a detrimental effect on the coating composition by decreasing pigment packing density
and consequently lower the corrosion resistance. However, in spite of the random distributionof the flakes amongst the three-dimensional (e.g. spheroidal) pigments, the coatings obtainedin accordance with the invention were found to be more uniform in coating thickness and as aresult show improved corrosion resistance because of elimination of bare areas.
In addition to phosphate ion, the binders include hexavalent chromium in solution. Whiledescribing this form of chromium as chromate, it is to be understood that under acid conditions
the ion is probably better described as a dichromate.
Ratios of phosphate to chromate or molybdate in solution can be very wide. The addition of chromate
especially produces a binder material that is amorphous when thermally cured and less brittle
than a phosphate only binder. In general, molar ratios of PO4 to CrO4 will be between 1 and 4
to 1.
Use of zinc flake, zinc dust, or magnesium metal powder is not contemplated by this invention
due to high reactivity of the powders with the binder material.

問２．次の文を日本語に翻訳してください。なお、翻訳文にもパラグラフ番号をつけてください。
[0001]In recent years, a variety of approaches have been studied and used for drug delivery,

DNA transfection, and other medical and biological applications. One such set of approaches
involves vesicles or liposomes.
[0002]

However, a need remains in the art for vesicles which possess properties suitable fordrug delivery, namely low toxicity of the amphiphiles from which the vesicles are formed andready vesicle formation and disaggregation, among others. Such properties are also of interest
regarding non-vesicle-based drug delivery systems, as well.
[0003]

Amphiphilic derivatized fullerenes have been reported by Hirsch et al. The derivatizedfullerenes of Hirsch comprised one dendrimeric group comprising 18 carboxylic acid moieties andfive hydrophobic moieties each comprising a pair of lipophilic C12 hydrocarbon chains.
Freeze-fracture electron micrography of aqueous solutions of the amphiphilic derivatizedfullerenes revealed that the amphiphilic derivatized fullerenes formed bilayer vesicles (by whichis meant, a vesicle defined by a membrane comprising an external layer of amphiphilic derivatizedfullerene molecules substantially all oriented with their hydrophilic groups to the exteriorof the vesicle, and an internal layer of amphiphilic derivatized fullerene molecules
substantially all oriented with their hydrophilic groups to the interior of the vesicle, wherein
the hydrophobic groups of the molecules of the external layer are in close proximity to thehydrophobic groups of the molecules of the internal layer) with diameters from about 100 nm to2

about 400 nm.

問３．次の文を日本語に翻訳してください。なお、翻訳文にもパラグラフ番号をつけてください。
[0101]The dehydrogenation reaction of ethylbenzene to styrene is highly endothermic. Therefore,passing the reactants through a dehydrogenation catalyst bed results in a decrease in the reactanttemperature. The endothermicity of the reaction is such that the temperature decrease removes
the reactants from the desired temperature range. The reactants are actually cooled to such anextent that the desired reaction does not progress any further at a commercially feasible rate.
The desired or commercially necessary per-pass conversion therefore cannot be achieved by simply
passing the reactants into contact with a single bed of dehydrogenation catalyst. For this reason,
it has become standard commercial practice to in some manner perform interstage reheating.
[0102]

Interstage reheating can be performed by direct heat exchange, by indirect heat exchange,

and by the oxidative reheat method. These methods of interstage reheating are described in U.S.
Pat. No. 5,043,500, the teachings of which are incorporated herein by reference. Indirect heatexchange using steam is most common, but the arrangement of the dehydrogenation reactor is notcritical to the success of the process disclosed herein.

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