Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

I (J P ) = 0( 21 + )bCharge = − 13 e

Bottom = −1

b-QUARK MASSb-quark mass corresponds to the “running mass” mb (µ = mb ) in the MSscheme. We have converted masses in other schemes to the MS mass using
two-loop QCD perturbation theory with αs (µ = mb ) = 0.223 ± 0.008.
+ 0.04 GeV for the MS mass corresponds to 4.78 ± 0.06 GeV
The value 4.18 −0.03
for the pole mass, using the two-loop conversion formula. A discussion ofmasses in different schemes can be found in the “Note on Quark Masses.”
MS MASS (GeV)CL%

DOCUMENT ID

TECN

4.183± 0.007 (CL = 90%) OUR EVALUATION of MS Mass. See the ideogram below.
+ 0.46
1 APARISI
3.94 −
22 THEO
0.40
2
4.202± 0.021
HATTON
21 LATT
3 NARISON
4.197± 0.008
20 THEO+ 0.138
4 ABRAMOWICZ18 HERA
4.049 −
0.118
5 BAZAVOV
4.195± 0.014
18 LATT
6 PESET
4.186± 0.037
18 THEO
7 KIYO
4.197± 0.022
16 THEO
8 ALBERTI
4.183± 0.037
15 THEO+0.016
94.203 − 0.034
BENEKE
15 THEO
104.196± 0.023
COLQUHOUN 15 LATT
11 DEHNADI
4.176± 0.023
15 THEO
12 BERNARDONI 14 LATT
4.21 ± 0.11
13 PENIN
4.169± 0.002 ± 0.008
14 THEO
14
4.166± 0.043
LEE
13O LATT
15 LUCHA
4.247± 0.034
13 THEO
16 BODENSTEIN 12 THEO
4.171± 0.009
17 DIMOPOUL... 12 LATT
4.29 ± 0.14+ 0.05
18 LASCHKA
4.18 −
11 THEO
0.04
19
4.186± 0.044 ± 0.015
AUBERT
10A BABR
20 CHETYRKIN 09 THEO
4.163± 0.016
21 SCHWANDA 08 BELL4.243± 0.049• • • We do not use the following data for averages, fits, limits, etc. • • •22 NARISON
4.184± 0.011
18A THEO
23 NARISON
4.188± 0.008
18B THEO
24 ABRAMOWICZ14A ZEUS
4.07 ± 0.17
25 AYALA
4.201± 0.043
14A THEO
26 NARISON
4.236± 0.069
13 THEO
27 NARISON
4.213± 0.059
13A THEO
28 HOANG
4.235± 0.003 ± 0.055
12 THEO
29 NARISON
4.212± 0.032
12 THEO
30 NARISON
4.177± 0.011
12 THEO
31 NARISON
4.171± 0.014
12A THEO

https://pdg.lbl.gov

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Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

32 MCNEILE
4.164± 0.023
10 LATT
33 NARISON
4.173± 0.010
10 THEO
34 ABDALLAH
5.26 ± 1.2
08D DLPH
35 GUAZZINI
4.42 ± 0.06 ± 0.08
08 LATT
36 DELLA-MOR... 07 LATT
4.347± 0.048 ± 0.08
37 KUHN
4.164± 0.025
07 THEO
38 ABDALLAH
4.19 ± 0.40
06D DLPH
39 BOUGHEZAL 06 THEO
4.205± 0.058
40 BUCHMUEL... 06 THEO
4.20 ± 0.04
41 PINEDA
4.19 ± 0.06
06 THEO
42 GRAY
4.4 ± 0.3
05 LATT43 AUBERT
4.22 ± 0.06
04X THEO
44 BAUER
4.17 ± 0.03
04 THEO
45 HOANG
4.22 ± 0.11
04 THEO
46 MCNEILE
4.25 ± 0.11
04 LATT
47 BAUER
4.22 ± 0.09
03 THEO
48 BORDES
4.19 ± 0.05
03 THEO
49
4.20 ± 0.09
CORCELLA
03 THEO
50 DEDIVITIIS
4.33 ± 0.10
03 LATT
51 EIDEMULLER 03 THEO
4.24 ± 0.10
52 ERLER
4.207± 0.03
03 THEO
53 MAHMOOD 03 CLEO
4.33 ± 0.06 ± 0.10
54 BRAMBILLA 02 THEO
4.190± 0.032
55 PENIN
4.346± 0.070
02 THEO
1 APARISI 22 determine m at the Higgs mass, m (m ) = 2.60 + 0.36 GeV from Higgsb Hb− 0.31
boson decay rates at the LHC, which is used to obtain mb (mb ).
2 HATTON 21 determine m (3 GeV) = 4.513 ± 0.026 GeV using a lattice QCD +b
quenched QED simulation using the HISQ action and including nf = 2+1+1 flavorsof sea quarks, by combining their mb /mc and mc determinations.
3 NARISON 20 determines the quark mass using QCD Laplace sum rules from the B mass,
ccombined with previous determinations of the QCD condensates and c and b masses.
4 ABRAMOWICZ 18 determine m (m ) = 4.049 + 0.104 + 0.090 + 0.001 from the prob b− 0.109 − 0.032 − 0.031
duction of b quarks in e p collisions at HERA using combined H1 and ZEUS data. The
experimental/fitting errors, and those from modeling and parameterization have beencombined in quadrature.
5 BAZAVOV 18 determine the b mass using a lattice computation with staggered fermionsand five active quark flavors.
6 PESET 18 determine m (m ) and m (m ) using an N3LO calculation of the η , ηc cb bc band Bc masses.
7 KIYO 16 determine m (m ) from the Υ(1S) mass at order α3 (N3LO).
b bs
8 ALBERTI 15 determine m (m ) from fits to inclusive B → X e ν decay. They alsob bcfind mkin (1 GeV) = 4.553 ± 0.020 GeV.
b9 BENEKE 15 determine m (m ) using sum rules for e + e − → hadrons at order N3LO
b b+ 0.013 GeV, and m (m )including finite m c effects. They find mPS (2 GeV) = 4.532 −b b0.039
b+ 0.022 GeV. The value quoted is obtained using the four-loop conversion given= 4.193 −0.035
in BENEKE 16.
10 COLQUHOUN 15 determine m (m ) from moments of the vector current correlatorb b
computed with a lattice simulation using the NRQCD action.
11 DEHNADI 15 determine m (m ) using sum rules for e + e − → hadrons at order α3b bs(N3LO), and fitting to both experimental data and lattice results.

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Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

12 BERNARDONI 14 determine m from n = 2 lattice calculations using heavy quarkbf
effective theory non-perturbatively renormalized and matched to QCD at 1/m order.
13 PENIN 14 determine m (m ) = 4.169 ± 0.008 ± 0.002 ± 0.002 using an estimate of theb border α3 b-quark vacuum polarization function in the threshold region, including finitesm c effects. The errors of ± 0.008 from theoretical uncertainties, and ± 0.002 from αshave been combined in quadrature.
14 LEE 13O determines m using lattice calculations of the Υ and B binding energies inbs
NRQCD, including three light dynamical quark flavors. The quark mass shift in NRQCD
is determined to order α2 , with partial α3 contributions.
ss
15 LUCHA 13 determines m from QCD sum rules for heavy-light currents using the latticebvalue for fB of 191.5 ± 7.3 GeV.
16 BODENSTEIN 12 determine m using sum rules for the vector current correlator andb
the e + e − → Q Q total cross-section.
17 DIMOPOULOS 12 determine quark masses from a lattice computation using n = 2f
dynamical flavors of twisted mass fermions.
18 LASCHKA 11 determine the b mass from the charmonium spectrum. The theoreticalcomputation uses the heavy QQ potential to order 1/m Q obtained by matching theshort-distance perturbative result onto lattice QCD result at larger scales.
19 AUBERT 10A determine the b- and c-quark masses from a fit to the inclusive decay
spectra in semileptonic B decays in the kinetic scheme (and convert it to the MS scheme).
20 CHETYRKIN 09 determine m and m from the e + e − → Q Q cross-section and sumcbrules, using an order α3 (N3LO) computation of the heavy quark vacuum polarization.
s21 SCHWANDA 08 measure moments of the inclusive photon spectrum in B → X γ decaysto determine m1S . We have converted this to MS scheme.
b22 NARISON 18A determines m (m ) as a function of α using QCD exponential sumb bs
rules and their ratios evaluated at the optimal scale µ = 9.5 GeV at N2LO-N3LO of
perturbative QCD and including condensates up to dimension 6–8 in the (axial-)vectorand (pseudo-)scalar bottomonium channels.
23 NARISON 18B determines m (m ) using QCD vector moment sum rules and their ratiosb b
at N2LO-N3LO of perturbative QCD and including condensates up to dimension 8.
24 ABRAMOWICZ 14A determine m (m ) = 4.07 ± 0.14 + 0.01 + 0.05 + 0.08 from theb b− 0.07 − 0.00 − 0.05
production of b quarks in e p collisions at HERA. The errors due to fitting, modeling,
PDF parameterization, and theoretical QCD uncertainties due to the values of αs , mc ,and the renormalization scale µ have been combined in quadrature.
25 AYALA 14A determine m (m ) from the Υ(1S) mass computed to N3LO order inb b
perturbation theory using a renormalon subtracted scheme.
26 NARISON 13 determines m using QCD spectral sum rules to order α2 (NNLO) andbs
including condensates up to dimension 6.
27 NARISON 13A determines m using HQET sum rules to order α2 (NNLO) and the Bbs
meson mass and decay constant.
28 HOANG 12 determine m using non-relativistic sum rules for the Υ system at order α2bs(NNLO) with renormalization group improvement.
29 NARISON 12 determines m using exponential sum rules for the vector current correlator
bto order α3 , including the effect of gluon condensates up to dimension eight.
s30 Determines m to order α3 (N3LO), including the effect of gluon condensates up tobsdimension eight combining the methods of NARISON 12 and NARISON 12A.
31 NARISON 12A determines m using sum rules for the vector current correlator to orderbα3 , including the effect of gluon condensates up to dimension eight.
s32 MCNEILE 10 determines m by comparing order α3 (N3LO) perturbative results for thebs
pseudo-scalar current to lattice simulations with nf = 2+1 sea-quarks by the HPQCDcollaboration.

https://pdg.lbl.gov

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Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

33 NARISON 10 determines mb from ratios of moments of vector current correlators com3
puted to order α and including the dimension-six gluon condensate. These values ares
taken from the erratum to that reference.
34 ABDALLAH 08D determine m (M ) = 3.76 ± 1.0 GeV from a leading order study ofb Z
four-jet rates at LEP.
35 GUAZZINI 08 determine m (m ) from a quenched lattice simulation of heavy mesonb bmasses. The ± 0.08 is an estimate of the quenching error.
36 DELLA-MORTE 07 determine m (m ) from a computation of the spin-averaged Bb bmeson mass using quenched lattice HQET at order 1/m. The ± 0.08 is an estimate ofthe quenching error.
37 KUHN 07 determine m (µ = 10 GeV) = 3.609 ± 0.025 GeV and m (m ) from a fourbb bloop sum-rule computation of the cross-section for e + e − → hadrons in the bottom
threshold region.
38 ABDALLAH 06D determine m (M ) = 2.85 ± 0.32 GeV from Z -decay three-jet eventsb Zcontaining a b-quark.
39 BOUGHEZAL 06 MS scheme result comes from the first moment of the hadronic production cross-section to order α3 .
s40 BUCHMUELLER 06 determine m and m by a global fit to inclusive B decay spectra.
bc41 PINEDA 06 MS scheme result comes from a partial NNLL evaluation (complete at orderα2 (NNLO)) of sum rules of the bottom production cross-section in e + e − annihilation.
s42 GRAY 05 determines m (m ) from a lattice computation of the Υ spectrum. Theb bsimulations have 2+1 dynamical light flavors. The b quark is implemented using NRQCD.
43 AUBERT 04X obtain m from a fit to the hadron mass and lepton energy distributions
bin semileptonic B decay. The paper quotes values in the kinetic scheme. The MS value
has been provided by the BABAR collaboration.
44 BAUER 04 determine m , m and m −m by a global fit to inclusive B decay spectra.
bcbc
45 HOANG 04 determines m (m ) from moments at order α2 of the bottom production
b bscross-section in e + e − annihilation.
46 MCNEILE 04 use lattice QCD with dynamical light quarks and a static heavy quark tocompute the masses of heavy-light mesons.
47 BAUER 03 determine the b quark mass by a global fit to B decay observables. The experimental data includes lepton energy and hadron invariant mass moments in semileptonic
B → Xc ℓ νℓ decay, and the inclusive photon spectrum in B → Xs γ decay. Thetheoretical expressions used are of order 1/m3 , and α2 β0 .
s
48 BORDES 03 determines m using QCD finite energy sum rules to order α2 .
bs
49 CORCELLA 03 determines m using sum rules computed to order α2 . Includes charmbs
quark mass effects.
50 DEDIVITIIS 03 use a quenched lattice computation of heavy-heavy and heavy-light meson masses.
51 EIDEMULLER 03 determines m and m using QCD sum rules.
bc
52 ERLER 03 determines m and m using QCD sum rules. Includes recent BES data.
bc
53 MAHMOOD 03 determines m1S by a fit to the lepton energy moments in B → X ℓ νc ℓbdecay. The theoretical expressions used are of order 1/m3 and α2 β0 . We have converted
stheir result to the MS scheme.
54 BRAMBILLA 02 determine m (m ) from a computation of the Υ(1S) mass to orderb b
α4 , including finite mc corrections.
s55 PENIN 02 determines m from the spectrum of the Υ system.
b

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Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

WEIGHTED AVERAGE
4.183±0.004 (Error scaled by 1.0)

χ
APARISI
22
HATTON
21
NARISON
20
ABRAMOWICZ 18
BAZAVOV
18PESET
18KIYO16
ALBERTI
15
BENEKE
15COLQUHOUN 15
DEHNADI
15
BERNARDONI 14
PENIN
14LEE
13O
LUCHA
13
BODENSTEIN 12
DIMOPOUL... 12
LASCHKA11
AUBERT
10A
CHETYRKIN 09
SCHWANDA 08

THEO
LATT
THEO
HERA
LATT
THEO
THEO
THEO
THEO
LATT
THEO
LATT
THEO
LATT
THEO
THEO
LATT
THEO
BABR
THEO
BELL

2

0.8
2.9
0.7
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.1
3.1
0.2
3.5
1.9

0.0
0.0
1.6
1.5
17.3(Confidence Level = 0.364)

4.05

4.1

4.15

4.2

4.25

4.3

4.35

4.4

b-QUARK MS MASS (GeV)m b /m s MASS RATIOVALUEDOCUMENT ID

TECN

53.88± 0.12 OUR AVERAGE
1 BAZAVOV
53.94± 0.12
18 LATT
2 CHAKRABOR...15 LATT
52.55± 0.55
1 BAZAVOV 18 determine the quark masses using a lattice computation with staggered
fermions and four active quark flavors for the u, d, s, c quarks and five active flavors forthe b quark.
2 CHAKRABORTY 15 determine m /m from lattice QCD using the HISQ action andbsincluding nf = 2+1+1 flavors of sea quarks.

b-QUARK REFERENCESAPARISI
22
HATTON
21
NARISON
20
ABRAMOWICZ 18
BAZAVOV18
NARISON
18A
NARISON
18B
PESET
18
BENEKE
16KIYO16
ALBERTI
15
BENEKE
15
CHAKRABOR... 15
COLQUHOUN 15

PRL 128 122001
PR D103 114508
PL B802 135221
EPJ C78 473
PR D98 054517
IJMP A33 1850045
PL B784 261
JHEP 1809 167
PoS RADCOR2015 035
PL B752 122
PRL 114 061802
NP B891 42
PR D91 054508
PR D91 074514

https://pdg.lbl.gov

J. Aparisi et al.
(VALE, WIEN, PSI+)
D. Hatton et al.
(HPQCD Collab.)
S. Narison(MONP)
H. Abramowicz et al.
(H1 and ZEUS Collabs.)
A. Bazavov et al. (Fermilab Lattice, MILC, TUMQCD)
S. Narison(MONP)S. Narison(MONP)
C. Peset, A. Pineda, J. Segovia(BARC, TUM)
M. Beneke et al.
Y. Kiyo, G. Mishima, Y. Sumino
A. Alberti et al.
M. Beneke et al.
B. Chakraborty et al.
(HPQCD Collab.)
B. Colquhoun et al.
(HPQCD Collab.)

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Citation: S. Navas et al. (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 110, 030001 (2024)

DEHNADI
15
ABRAMOWICZ 14A
AYALA14A
BERNARDONI 14
PENIN
14LEE
13O
LUCHA
13NARISON
13NARISON
13A
BODENSTEIN 12
DIMOPOUL... 12HOANG
12NARISON
12NARISON
12ALASCHKA11
AUBERT10A
MCNEILE
10
NARISON
10AlsoCHETYRKIN 09
ABDALLAH
08DGUAZZINI08
SCHWANDA
08
DELLA-MOR... 07
KUHN
07
ABDALLAH
06DBOUGHEZAL 06
BUCHMUEL... 06
PINEDA
06
GRAY
05
AUBERT
04X
BAUER
04
HOANG
04
MCNEILE04
BAUER
03
BORDES
03
CORCELLA
03
DEDIVITIIS
03
EIDEMULLER 03
ERLER
03
MAHMOOD03BRAMBILLA
02
PENIN
02

JHEP 1508 155
JHEP 1409 127
JHEP 1409 045
PL B730 171
JHEP 1404 120
PR D87 074018
PR D88 056011
PL B718 1321
PL B721 269
PR D85 034003
JHEP 1201 046
JHEP 1210 188
PL B707 259
PL B706 412
PR D83 094002
PR D81 032003
PR D82 034512
PL B693 559
PL B705 544 (errat.)
PR D80 074010
EPJ C55 525
JHEP 0801 076
PR D78 032016
JHEP 0701 007
NP B778 192
EPJ C46 569
PR D74 074006
PR D73 073008
PR D73 111501
PR D72 094507
PRL 93 011803
PR D70 094017
PL B594 127
PL B600 77
PR D67 054012
PL B562 81
PL B554 133
NP B675 309
PR D67 113002
PL B558 125
PR D67 072001
PR D65 034001
PL B538 335

https://pdg.lbl.gov

B. Dehnadi, A.H. Hoang, V. Mateu
H. Abramowicz et al.
(ZEUS Collab.)
C. Ayala, G. Cvetic, A. Pineda
F. Bernardoni et al.
(ALPHA Collab.)
A.A. Penin, N. Zerf
A.J. Lee et al.
(HPQCD Collab.)
W. Lucha, D. Melikhov, S. Simula(VIEN, MOSU+)
S. Narison(MONP)S. Narison(MONP)
S. Bodenstein et al.
(CAPE, VALE, MAINZ+)
P. Dimopoulos et al.
(ETM Collab.)
A.H. Hoang, P. Ruiz-Femenia, M. Stahlhofen (WIEN+)
S. Narison(MONP)S. Narison(MONP)
A. Laschka, N. Kaiser, W. Weise
B. Aubert et al.
(BABAR Collab.)
C. McNeile et al.
(HPQCD Collab.)
S. Narison(MONP)S. Narison(MONP)
K.G. Chetyrkin et al.
(KARL, BNL)
J. Abdallah et al.
(DELPHI Collab.)
D. Guazzini, R. Sommer, N. Tantalo
C. Schwanda et al.
(BELLE Collab.)
M. Della Morte et al.
J.H. Kuhn, M. Steinhauser, C. Sturm
J. Abdallah et al.
(DELPHI Collab.)
R. Boughezal, M. Czakon, T. Schutzmeier
O.L. Buchmueller, H.U. Flacher(RHBL)
A. Pineda, A. Signer
A. Gray et al.
(HPQCD and UKQCD Collab.)
B. Aubert et al.
(BABAR Collab.)
C. Bauer et al.
A.H. Hoang, M. Jamin
C. McNeile, C. Michael, G. Thompson (UKQCD Collab.)
C.W. Bauer et al.
J. Bordes, J. Penarrocha, K. Schilcher
G. Corcella, A.H. Hoang
G.M. de Divitiis et al.
M. Eidemuller
J. Erler, M. Luo
A.H. Mahmood et al.
(CLEO Collab.)
N. Brambilla, Y. Sumino, A. Vairo
A. Penin, M. Steinhauser

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