FNCA – Ministerial Level Meeting
Mita Conference Hall, Tokyo, Japan
5 December, 2019

Country Report

Current Situation of Nuclear
Applicationin Indonesia

Prof. Bambang P.S. Brojonergoro, Ph.D
Minister of Research and Technology, The Republic of Indonesia/
Chairman of National Agency for Research and Innovation

ContentsIntroduction
Radiation Technology Utilizationfor Human Health
Human Resources Development

Nuclear Energy Utilization

FNCA Activities in Indonesia
Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

2Introduction
 Nuclear Science and Technology in Indonesia is aimed forPeace and Welfare.
 BATAN as R&D body, BAPETEN as regulatory body.
 Application of nuclear science and technology in various fields.
• Contributing to the achievement of SDGs

2LIFE BELOW WATEREND OF HUNGER

31413

GOOD HEALTH & WELL BEING

4QUALITY EDUCATION

CLIMATE ACTIONS

9INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND
INFRASTRUCTURE

67

CLEAN WATER AND SANITATIONAFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

3

Radiation Technology for Human HealthCancer control
Tissue banks
Stunting

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

4Cancer control
Nuclear Medicine: diagnosis andtherapy

Radiation Oncology: therapy

Radiopharmaceuticals production

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

5Cancer in Indonesia• New cancer case per year: 348,809• breast cancer: 42.1 per 100,000 population with anaverage death rate of 17/100,000;• cervical cancer: 23.4 per 100,000 population with anaverage death rate of 13.9/100,000.
2014: MoH Directive Letter
Establishment of National Cancer Control Committee(NCCC)and National Cancer Control Plan (NCCP)MoH Regulation No. 34 year 2015 on Prevention ofBreast Cancer and Cervical Cancer:a sustainable public health service program prioritizes
promotive and preventive aspects that are carried out
comprehensively, effectively, and efficiently.
Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

6

Nuclear Medicine (NM)• In 1965: The TRIGA Mark II in
Bandung operated. The R&D forradioisotopes andradiopharmaceutical started.
• In 1971: The first Nuclear
Medicine (NM) Department in DR
Hasan Sadikin Hospital /School of
Medicine - Padjadjaran University
established.
• In 1995: the first SPECT-CT wasinstalled.
• In 2010: the first PET-CT was inoperation.
• In 2019:• 22 NM centers• 51 nuclear medicine specialist

Sumarsih, 36 yrs
Metastasis cancer sufferer

Samarium-153 user

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

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Radiotherapy (RT) Center No of RT machine: 94
 Total machine needed: 343
 19/34 provinces with RT
 58 Centers.

 No of RT machine: 103
 22/34 provinces with RT
 67 centers.

 Target: Fulfillment and distribution of Facility according to standard Program:• Setting up system for regional cancer center• Increasing number of services in screening and early detection in hospital
Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

8Radiopharmaceutical Production
BONE SCAN KaeF (KIT MDP) 1
diagnosis of myocardial perfusion (cardiac muscle)
and the diagnosis of cardiac function

CARDIOSCAN KaeF (KIT MIBI) 2
diagnosis of bone cancer

RENALSCAN KaeF (KIT DTPA) 3
renal imaging

ENDONEUROSCAN KaeF (I-131 MIBG)

4

palliative treatment of bone metastases

T-BONE KaeF (Samarium-153 EDTMP) 5
diagnosis of neuroblastoma cancer

Ethambutol-Iodine-131 capsul*,
131I-MIBG for therapy

6*in the process of gettingproduction permit

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

9Tissue Bank
• BATAN, Dr. Sutomo Hospital(Surabaya) and Dr. Djamil
Hospital(Padang)
have
producedsomebiologicaltissues, such as allograft,
xenograft,andamniotic
membrane, which are sterilizedusing gamma radiation• Those products are used forsurgery, wound dressing etc.

https://news.labsatu.com/wp‐
content/uploads/2016/10/008216600_1466400375‐basril_abbas.jpg

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

10Combating Stunting Since 2016, nuclear techniques are used to support
combating stunting:• Stable isotopes technique to measure energy
expenditure and body composition data ofnormal and stunting children.

• Nuclear Analytical technique toanalyze the micro nutrient content infood in malnutrition detected region

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation Research Agency of Indonesia

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Nuclear’s HRD in Indonesia
 BATAN and BAPETEN have own Center for Education and Training for
nuclear capacity building of their employees or public in various field of
nuclear science and technology.
 BATAN has “Polytechnic Institute of Nuclear Technology” (STTNYogyakarta), a vocational college.
 University of Gadjah Mada (UGM), Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB)and Universitas Indonesia have a program study in the field of nuclear
science and technology for bachelor, Master and Doctorate degree.
 As the employees are ageing, in order to preserve the knowledge, BATAN
has a Nuclear Knowledge Management programme.

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation Research Agency of Indonesia

12

Contribution to Regional andInternational
NUCLEAR CAPACITY BUILDING

2IAEA
COLLABORATINGCENTRESIAEA Collaborating
Centre for Non
Destructive Investigation
IAEA Collaborating Centrefor Mutation Breeding

KARTINI INTERNETREACTORLABORATORY (IRL)
Reactor operation practices
through an internet

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation Research Agency of Indonesia

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Nuclear Energy Policy and Activities
 Energy Mixed policy (President  Site study for introduction of NPP inRegulation No. 79 year 2014 on
South and West Bangka (2011-2013)
NationalEnergyPolicy):
has been conducted by BATAN andpromotes the use of new andPT. PLN: two sites fulfill all criteria andrenewable energy (NRE) sources.
could host 4 and 6 units of 1000 MWe Nuclear energy is part of new
NPP, respectively. However, noenergy
decision and continuation of theconstruction plan up to now.
 Targets NRE: at least 23% of
total energy sources in the year  Several local governments expressed
2025, and 31% in the year 2050.
their interest to build NPP for fulfilling
their electricity need.
 Based on the request from the local
government, BATAN conducted initialsite survey in several regions, suchas West Nusa Tenggara, West
Kalimantan and East Kalimantan.
 BATAN continues to conduct R&D on
technology and safety of NPP, especiallyfrom Gen III/III+, SMR and GEN IV types.
Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation Research Agency of Indonesia

14

FNCA Projects in Indonesia

www.pusdatin.kemkes.id

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

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Radiation Oncology
 Four protocols developed in FNCA have been introduced inseveral radiotherapy centers in Indonesia:• Cervix-V protocol• Cervix-IV protocol• Breast-I protocol• NPC-III protocol
 The impact of FNCA protocol not only in radiotherapy practice
but also in scientific publication as well as collaboration amongRT centers .

www.pusdatin.kemkes.id
Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

16Mutation Breeding Indonesia has released some superiorvarieties: 25 rices, 12 soybeans, 3 sorghums,
1 tropical wheat, 3 mung beans, 2 peanuts, 1banana, 1 cotton.
 In the FNCA project, Indonesia focus on
Soybean Planting
mutation breeding on rice and soybean.
 In 2019, Indonesia released
New varieties• 2 soybean varieties: Kemuning-1 andKemuning-2, which are drought resistant,potential yield is 3.7 tons/Ha, and early-age
harvest.
• 3 new rice varieties (“RojoleleKemuning-1Srinuk” and “Rojolele Srinar”), a
Kemuning-2
Parent:famous local rice from Central Java,Pandermenand Limpai Sirandah from WestSumatra.
Lampai Sirandah
Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation Research Agency of Indonesia

17Radiation Processing and Polymer Modification
Research on radiation processing and polymer modification by gamma
radiation produces oligochitosan (from Crustaceaous sp. waste),which has been applied as supplement for crops (chrysanthemum,corn, onion, pepper, coffee), animal husbandry (laying hens), andfisheries (catfish).
control+ oligochitosan

Pepper plant

CatfishResults: increase in crop productivity, improve the growth of livestockand fish, and increase plant resistance to disease.

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation Research Agency of Indonesia

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Climate Change
In collaboration with University of
Diponegoro – Semarang, BATAN
conducts a study to analyze thephenomenon of carbon sequestration
by mangrove plants along the coast of
Semarang, Bali, and Lombok using
stable isotopes of C-13 and N-15, as
well as carbon content studies in cells
diatom microalgae in Rawa Pening
Lake in Semarang, Telaga Warna andPengilon Lakes in Dieng, Central Java.

Collecting the supporting
data; rainfall, satellite imageof mangrove, sea level rise

Climate Archive sediment lake project; by
combining the application of environmental
isotopes 210Pb to determine sedimentaccumulation rate as well as the age of sediment(up to 150 years) and diatoms in Telaga Warnarevealed clear correlation with human activities in
the catchment area over the past 124 years.
Blue Carbon project (Mangrove area); by
using environmental isotopes 210Pb together withanalysis of Carbon in above and below ground(sediment), as well as isotopes C-13 and N-15,we found• about 85% of carbon stored in sediment andvaried depend on the accumulation rates ofsediment layers (in the restoration area ofLombok)• the importance of restoring the mangrove(coastal ecosystems) to storing carbon.

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

19

Utilizations of Research Reactor-1
Power Ramp Test
for nuclear fuel test

Gem Stone
Coloration

Radioisotopes
Production

NeutronSpectrometer &Diffractometer

Neutron
NeutronActivation Radiography
Analysis

54 yearsReactor Triga Mark II

40 years

Reactor Kartini

Educationand Training

32 years

MPR G.A Siwabessy

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

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Utilizations of Research Reactor
2 Laboratory Inter-comparison Neutron Activation Analysis(NAA) for measuring air pollutant• The goal of this activity is• This activity has contributed
improvement of NAA laboratory
as input in determining
capability on Rare Earthenvironmental
quality
Elements (REE) analysis.
standard policies at the• Three mineral samples have
Ministry of Environment andbeen obtained from ANSTOForestryAustralia to be analyzed. Those• Sampling site: Bandung City
samples contains a low,
- West Java in an urban
medium and high Uraniumarea;
concentration.
• Sampling time: 24 hours,
once a week;• GANT Stacked Air Sampler
placed on the roof to collecta fine (PM2.5) and coarce(PM10) particles by using
Nuclefore filter.

Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation and Research Agency of Indonesia

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Safeguards and Security Implementation
Response Force Indonesia has periodically carried out
physical protection training in collaboration
with law enforcement agencies.
 Indonesia was the first country to organize
an internalization of security culture and toimplement a self-assessment of security
culture for nuclear facility. Based on thatexperience, BATAN established Center for
Security Culture and Assessment (CSCA).

Security Check at Main Gate

 Indonesia also committed to build
capacity on nuclear security throughestablishing a laboratory for training
on physical protection.
Classroom is under construction since
Ministry of Research & Technology/National Innovation Researcand h Agency of Indonesia

22Nuclear for welfare, nuclear for better life !!!
Safety and security are our priorities !!!

THANK YOUFOR YOUR ATTENTION

Terima kasih, Matur nuwun,
ありがとうございます23