Perfect Oil Guide[Industrial Edition]

Industrial oil
all around us

Perfect Oil
Guide[Industrial Edition]
To users measuring concentration,
viscosity, pH, refractive index of industrial oil

Indispensable in manufacturing

Automobile

Cutting Oil

An automobile is made up of many parts and it can be divided into a body, a chassis, an engine,
and a drive train. The body refers to bonnets, doors, trunk lids, and such that are basically

Indispensable in manufacturing

10 Industrial oil all around us
There are various kinds of industrial oils with versatile use. In the field of manufacturing,
like blood, not only lubricants help machinery to operate smoothly, it affects anddetermines quality of manufacturing. It Is also used in our familiar products, such as
automotive and watches.This guidebook is the bible of selecting the concentration
meters that can be used for industrial fluids. Its application and management methods
are introduced in this guidebook using familiar products as an example.

consisted of steel plates. Chassis refers to parts related mainly to suspension, steering wheel,tires, wheels and so on referring to the main parts related to underbody. The engine, also known
as the heart of an automobile, is an internal combustion engine that converts thermal energy
into mechanical energy. Drive train is a generic term for drive system parts such as transmission,
drive shaft, differential and such that transmit the output of engine to drive wheels. Safety
always comes first for automobiles; hence, accuracy is required for each of these parts.

	Cutting processing of steering knuckles,
which is a part around a vehicle's underbody.
CM-BASEα has been installed to monitor the concentration of the cutting oil
The hole of the knuckle steering is the part through which the drive shaft passes. It is the part
where machining accuracy is required as if the machine surface becomes rough, it will directly
affect its performance. The material is aluminum and so the Brix is maintained at higher
percentage of about 13.1 to 13.5% to avoid welding.

	Cutting processing of cylinder head of engine parts
CM-BASEα has been installed to monitor the concentration of the cutting oil

Automobile ··············································· A3(Cutting Oil)

Watch · ······················································ A4(Cutting Oil)In the cutting process line of the cylinder head, cutting oil is sprayed when brushing thecylinder head with a brush in the finishing deburring process, and it is controlled at about 1 to
4% Brix.

Aerospace · Aviation ·································· A5(Cutting Oil)

Catheter ···················································· A6(Wire drawing Oil)

Knife ························································· A7(Grinding Lubricant, Quenching Oil, Anti-Rust Agent)

Zipper ······················································· A8(Mold Releasing Agent, Anti-Rust Agent)

Utility Pole ················································· A9(Insulating Oil)

Refractometer · Concentration Meter ······· A10(Grinding Lubricant)Bullet Train ·············································· A11(Lubricant)Cleaning Device ····································· A12(Cleaning Solution)

Concentration Meter Recommended Model
Hand-held Type

PAL-1

Cat.No.3810

Liquid Immersion Type

PAL-102S
Cat.No.4502* Models such as PAL-S, and MASTER-53S areavailable to stably measure milky samples.

A2

10 Industrial oil all around us

PAN-1DC

Cat.No.3606

CM-BASEβ(A) Cat.No.3616(D) Cat.No.3626

In-Line Type

CM-800αCat.No.3564

CM-BASEα(A) Cat.No.3603(D) Cat.No.3604

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A3

WatchCutting Oil

A watch is said to be the status of men and it is an important element of fashion. For
businessmen fighting against time, many may spend money on watches as their partner of time.
A watch, which is a precision machine, consists of at least several hundred parts, and when it
comes to complicated watches the number of parts is countless. If each one of these parts is notprocessed with high accuracy, it will not be possible to accurately count the time. Concentration
control of cutting oil is a must in the processing each part.

Aerospace · Aviation

Cutting Oil

In today's age in the aerospace industry where the state-of-the-art technology of each country is	A well-established watch workshop in Switzerland

questioned and the information is transmitted in real time regardless of the border with theHand-held concentration monitor MASTER-Series has been used.

advancement of the Internet, the aircraft industry that transports people and material goods will

Due to the nature of skilled trades information, a detailed information to when theconcentration is checked and managed was not disclosed, however, it is not difficult to imagine
how much precision is required for each of the tiny parts that make up its small body.

fiercely advance to its extreme. The number of parts that make up a jet passenger aircraft is said
to be 5 to 6 million pieces. Many parts are made by cutting processing. The material is light andstrong, and special alloy that can withstand high temperature and high pressure is used for theengine. In order to process these parts with high accuracy, cutting techniques appropriate foreach of the materials are required.

	Cutting processing of aircraft engine case
Digital Concentration Meter, PAL-102S has been used for concentration management of cutting oil

For machining of aluminum material, the cutting oil concentration is adjusted to 3 to 7%, andfor difficult-to-cut materials, it is slightly increased to as high as 8 to 11%. The concentration of
the cutting oil is being controlled taking in consideration subtle seasonal changes and it isadjusted by slightly lowering the concentration when evaporation is expected during thesummer time and increasing the concentration during the wintertime.

Manufacturing turbine seals for engine parts
Digital Concentration Meter, PAL-102S has been used for concentration management of cutting oil

The concentration is maintained at about 5% with a daily inspection.

	Turbine machining
Digital Concentration Meter, PAL-102S has been used for concentration management of cutting oil

Not only processing accuracy is important, concentration control is also managed to document
quality control records to be provided to customers. It is managed with a cutting oilconcentration of 4%.
Concentration Meter Recommended Model
Hand-held Type

PAL-1

Cat.No.3810

Liquid Immersion Type

PAL-102S
Cat.No.4502*M odels such as PAL-S, and MASTER-53S areavailable to stably measure milky samples.

A4

Concentration Meter Recommended Model

10 Industrial oil all around us

PAN-1DC

Cat.No.3606

CM-BASEβ(A) Cat.No.3616(D) Cat.No.3626

In-Line Type

CM-800αCat.No.3564

Hand-held Type

CM-BASEα(A) Cat.No.3603(D) Cat.No.3604

PAL-1

Cat.No.3810

Liquid Immersion Type

PAL-102S
Cat.No.4502* Models such as PAL-S, and MASTER-53S areavailable to stably measure milky samples.

PAN-1DC

Cat.No.3606

CM-BASEβ(A) Cat.No.3616(D) Cat.No.3626

In-Line Type

CM-800αCat.No.3564

CM-BASEα(A) Cat.No.3603(D) Cat.No.3604

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A5

Knife Grinding Lubricant, Quenching Oil, Anti-Rust Agent
A long ago, as a weapon today as a familiar tool such as knives and scissors, cutlery production
is one the traditional techniques of Japan. Production of knives are famous in Seki of Gifu
prefecture and Echizen of Fukui prefecture in Japan, Soloing in Germany and Sheffield in
England.

	Cutlery ManufacturerC oncentration meter plays active role where it is difficult to succeed just bycraftsman's experience.

The sharpness that determines the quality is evolving by adding not only the succession of

Cathetertraditional techniques but also elements of modern technology. For example, some blade

Wire drawing Oil

manufacturers control the thickness of the cutting edge with a precision of 1 / 100th with a CNC
grinding machine. Naturally, concentration control of grinding lubricant is essential to obtainaccuracy of 1 / 100th of a millimeter. After grinding, there is a step of finely grinding the blade

Catheter is one of the treatment method used treating diseases such as myocardial infarction

using a feather cloth (= cloth abrasive grindstone). In order to soften the contact, a glue that hasthat are caused by clogging or narrowing of cardiac blood vessels (coronary arteries) that are

been melted by hot water is applied to the surface of the blade. The concentration of glue melted

commonly caused by cholesterol and the like. Conventionally, coronary artery bypass surgery,in hot water is difficult to control only by craftsman's experience. This is where refractometerswhich is a large-scale surgical operation with thoracotomy, was common, but in recent years, a

can be useful.

thin tube called a catheter can be inserted from the base of the wrist or foot into a blood vessel,

In the final process, a rust preventive solution is applied to prevent the blade from rusting.

and the narrowed blood vessel is expanded. Unlike major surgical operations, the pain

Refractometers are used to monitor this concentration.

experienced by the patients are minimal and it also allows for quicker recovery with least	Hammer manufactured blade cutter

economic burden.

T he temperature of the oil is about 20 to 25°C and the concentration is managed with
Brix 4%

Advanced wire drawing technology is required to make the threadlike catheter while maintaining
its strength. One of the most important elements for making good lined wire is said to be theconcentration control of lubricant oil called wire drawing oil. The monitoring of the drawing oilconcentration is effective for grasping processing condition and preventing accidents at wiredrawing. In addition, it is also important for sustaining the life of a die which is also said to be
the life of wire processing. The die is a part that is about 2.5 cm in diameter made of diamond

After forming the head of the hammer, temperature is heated up to 800°C to strengthen andcooled with hardened oil. Iron expands when heat is applied and condenses as it cools. Coolingit too quickly will cause it to crack.

	Kitchen knife manufacture
PAL-AntiRust for concentration control of rust preventives have been usedwith micron level holes in the center that gradually wears with use. To maintain theconcentration, there are acid decomposition method, solvent extraction method, dry weight
method, refractive index method and such. The least difficult method is the refractive index
method.

Concentration Meter Recommended Model
Hand-held Type

PAL-1

Cat.No.3810*M odels such as PAL-S, and MASTER-53S areavailable to stably measure milky samples.

A6

10 Industrial oil all around us

Cat.No.3606

rust agent that is applied to cleaned blade to prevent from rusting.

Concentration Meter Recommended Model

Liquid Immersion Type

PAN-1DC

After the finishing process, refractometers are used to measure the concentration of the anti-

CM-BASEβ(A) Cat.No.3616(D) Cat.No.3626

In-Line Type

CM-800αCat.No.3564

Hand-held Type

CM-BASEα(A) Cat.No.3603(D) Cat.No.3604

PAL-1

Cat.No.3810

Liquid Immersion Type

PAL-102S PAL-AntiRust
Cat.No.4502

Cat.No.4537* Models such as PAL-S, and MASTER-53S areavailable to stably measure milky samples.

PAN-1DC

Cat.No.3606

CM-BASEβ(A) Cat.No.3616(D) Cat.No.3626

In-Line Type

CM-800αCat.No.3564

CM-BASEα(A) Cat.No.3603(D) Cat.No.3604

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A7

Utility Pole

Insulating Oil

The utility pole has a role as a pillar that connects wires for electronic power, telephone, optical,
TV and such communication cables that are spread around. In recent days, some utility poles areused as a wireless relay stations, for cellular phones and such, that serves collection of various
functions that are indispensable for our lives. There used to be wooden pillars in the past, but
now many are concrete utility poles.
Transformers used for power distribution are installed to the utility pole, and its inside is filledwith insulating oil for cooling.

The quality of the insulating oil is specified in JIS C 2320-1999, and in addition to the one kind ofmineral oil, there are alkylbenzene (2 types), polybutene (3 types), alkylnaphthalene (4 types),
alkyldiphenylalkane (5 types), silicone oil (6 types), mineral oil · alkylbenzene (7 types) and soon. Insulating oil, which is initially pale yellow , will brown with use use and cause sludge *1 thatwill cause issues for equipment. For this reason, oxidation and moisture values etc.
​​
are strictly
maintained by maintenance control standards.

Zipper Mold Releasing Agent, Anti-Rust Agent

The method of measuring the refractive index of electrical insulating oil is described in JIS C
2101 *2 in Electric Insulation Oil Test Method for refractive index and average dispersion *3 .
The refractive index (wavelength 589 nm) of the electrical insulating oil varies depending on its
type, but 1.460 to 1.480 is the most common kind. Abbe refractometer and digital refractometer

Zipper is known to have been invented by Whitcomb Judson (USA) in 1891 to solve

RX series can be used for refractive index (wavelength 589 nm) measurement.

inconveniences caused by tying shoelaces. In modern days, zipper is widely used in clothing andAlso, a multiwavelength Abbe refractometer can be used to measure "refractive index atbags. In the United States, it is commonly called zipper and in Japan, "chuck" is the familiar name.

wavelength 486 nm" and "refractive index at wavelength 656 nm". Only when a refractive index
is required, a high accurate digital refractometer RX - 5000α is recommended. With RX-5000α,

Zippers are manufactured by die casting where release agents are used in the process ofdark color sample which is hard to measure with Abbe can be measured.

extruding products from the mold. When the dilution ratio of the release agent is too low,coloring of the product occurs. If it is too high, it will seizure due to poor mold release.
Since force is applied when it is taken out of the mold, distorted products may be produced.
A warped zipper will not zip smoothly and its function may become compromised. By keeping
the proper dilution concentration of the release agents, it can stabilize processing accuracy andprotect the quality.
In addition, rust inhibitors are applied to zippers to prevent rust during processing.

*1 Sludge is a muddy substance produced by deterioration of insulating oil.
*2	In JIS C 2101, the word "ratio dispersion" is also written. Specific dispersion = average dispersion / density × 10000.
The purpose of finding the refractive index and specific dispersion is for quality control. The refractive index varies
depending on the composition of the insulating oil and the amount of impurities contained in the oil. Also, the specificdispersion of mineral insulating oil depends mainly on the structure and number of aromatic compounds in the oil.
*3	Average dispersion is the difference between "refractive index at wavelength 486 nm" and "refractive index at
wavelength 656 nm".

Furthermore, it prevents stickiness, and it is necessary to managing the proper concentration for
its proper shape.

Concentration Meter Recommended Model
Hand-held TypePAL-Release Agent
Cat.No.4538

Liquid Immersion Type

PAL-AntiRust
Cat.No.4537*M odels such as PAL-S, and MASTER-53S areavailable to stably measure milky samples.

A8

Concentration Meter / Refractometer Recommended Model

10 Industrial oil all around us

PAN-1DC

Cat.No.3606

CM-BASEβ(A) Cat.No.3616(D) Cat.No.3626

In-Line Type

CM-800αCat.No.3564

CM-BASEα(A) Cat.No.3603(D) Cat.No.3604

Analog Type

Digital Type

DR-A1-Plus

RX-5000α

Cat.No.1311

Cat.No.3261* Contact ATAGO for details.

10 Industrial oil all around us

A9Bullet Train

Lubricant"Shinkansen," the world understands this word with no explanation. Not only the worldwide
boasted technology, speed, accuracy and punctuality number of accidents, comfort level and so

Refractometer · Concentration Meter
Lens Grinding Lubricant

on that Shinkansen provides is a claim to fame. On October 1, 1964, the first train connecting
Tokyo and Shin-Osaka called Tokaido Shinkansen traveled at a speed of 210 kilometers.
The opening of the Shinkansen train which Japanese railway engineers and researchers were
wished for. Even now that high-speed railroads have spread worldwide, Japan's high-speed rail
technology is the highest in the world and it is not an exaggeration to say that the world islonging for it. Shinkansen is one of the symbol of manufacturing country, Japan. A number of

One of the themes of this guide is a concentration meter. ATAGO has manufactured aparts make up the shinkansen's body. It is precision parts that support the comfort of therefractometer (concentration meter) for more than 70 years since 1940. The lens is one of the key

Shinkansen under the rim.

elements of the refractometer. Generally speaking, if one says a lens, then that might trigger toimagine a camera or glasses, but the as importantly, lenses are crucial elements ofWater-soluble cutting oil is used during metal processing parts for Shinkansen, and various otherrefractometers.

cleaning agents are used for cleaning metal processed products. The Shinkansen runs with on
wheels, and there are many rotating parts which require lots of lubricating oil. Specific bearing
oil is used for different parts of the Shinkansen, for example, axle oil for axle bearing, gear oil for	Lens processing of ATAGOHigh precision cutting and polishing technology is required for lens processing
for optical products

Concentration Meter Recommended Model

PAL-1

Cat.No.3810

Cat.No.4502*M odels such as PAL-S, and MASTER-53S areavailable to stably measure milky samples.

A10

10 Industrial oil all around us

PAN-1DC

Cat.No.3606

day, alternating inspection once every 30 days (or 30,000 km), a truck inspection (fundamental
inspection) every year and a half (or 600,000 km) and general inspection once every three years(or 1.2 million kilometers) is conducted. In these inspection processes, the remaining amountand properties of oil are also checked.

Refractometer Recommended Model

Liquid Immersion Type

PAL-102S

rotary air compressor. Refractive index and viscosity are also measured for these oils during the
production processes. Furthermore, the inspection of the Shinkansen is conducted every other

Processing begins with a grinding process of rough rubbing that first adds a constant curve (R)to the upper surface of a spherical lens such as a convex lens or a concave lens. For processing,a machine called curve generator is used along with other tools such as artificial diamonds.
Next, is the precision grinding process where coarse surface from rough finishing is grindedfiner. Artificial diamonds are used during this process as well. In this grinding process, grinding
lubricant is used, and it plays many roles such as lubrication, washing, cooling, workability,
rust prevention and so and is indispensable for maintaining quality.
Concentration management is important to maximize the function of grinding lubricant. Afterthe grinding process is completed, the lens surface is smoothly polished during the polishingprocess. If lenses are not polished well, the overall image will be blurry and not tie in together
which defeats the principle of refractometer that uses phenomenon of light refraction.
The polishing process is a process that requires high technology.
Finally, the completed lens is cleaned to remove dirt. Even if you can process high-quality
lenses, it is fatal if they are dirty. In the cleaning process, many layers of cleaning process areincluded to thoroughly remove contamination by using such solution as alkaline cleaning
solution, neutral detergent and IPA. If the cleaning solution become dirty and contaminated,cleaning lenses in such solution does not make sense, so the concentration of contamination of
the cleaning solution is also monitored with a refractometer. The quality and precision of thelens directly affect the quality of the refractometer. At ATAGO, for a refractometer to be theunsung hero behind our customer’s quality product, we manufacture each one of them with all
our heart to with quality improvement.

Hand-held Typedrive gear unit, torque converter oil for brake pressure intensifying cylinder, compressor oil for

CM-BASEβ(A) Cat.No.3616(D) Cat.No.3626

In-Line Type

CM-800αCat.No.3564

Viscometer Recommended Model

Digital Type

CM-BASEα(A) Cat.No.3603(D) Cat.No.3604

Digital Viscometer

RX-7000i

RX-7000α

NAR-2T* Contact ATAGO for details.

* Contact ATAGO for details.

* Contact ATAGO for details.

Cat.No.3279

Cat.No.3262

Cat.No.1220

VISCO™

Cat.No.6800

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A11

Cleaning Device

Cleaning Solution

Processed parts become finished products after the washing process.

Cleaning solution filled in the washing tank is a clean new liquid at first, but as cleaning of metal

Even parts that have been machined to high precision, it is not acceptable to have oil and dust

parts is repeated, dirt will mix into the cleaning solution. As the amount of contamination

stains etc. on the finished parts. In the last washing process, only those that have been properly

increases, parts will become washed in a dirty solution. So it is necessary to exchange or refinecleaned can be parts that make up the product. In the cleaning process, there are usually several

the solution. A refractometer can be used to grasp the concentration% of contamination.

tanks. Most of the oil (dirt) adhering to the surface is washed and removed in a cleaning tank,

At what contamination concentration% to replenish or refine the cleaning solution is determined

and the remaining oil (dirt) is completely removed in rinse tank 1 and rinse tank 2. Finally, it isby considering the properties of dirt and use of the metal parts.

dried and any remaining washing solution on the surface is removed. The type of cleaning

In the rinse tank, the parts are washed with hydrocarbon and petroleum-based cleaning solution

solution used in each tank depends on the material and properties of the parts to be cleaned.
As for the type of cleaning solution, hydrocarbon-based or petroleum-based cleaning liquid isoften used for metal parts immediately after processing.

or water. The contamination concentration is commonly controlled so that it is 1% or lower andfor precision metal parts, 0.1% or lower. Our customer have chosen ATAGO's benchtop
refractometer RX series. Select an appropriate model depending on the type and control
parameter.

Metal parts
immediately
after processing

To manage concentration of a cleaning solution,
Move

Move

a conversion graph of refractometer (Brix%) andMoveCompletecontamination (oil) concentration% (absoluteconcentration value) is required. For details on
how to calculate the conversion factor, see P. B9.

Oil contamination concentration%• Washing process
Conversion table example
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
46

47

48

49

50

51

52

Brix

Cleaning tank
Elimination of oil (dirt)
adhering to the surface

Rinse tank 1

Rinse tank 2

DryingCompletely removing oil (dirt)

Concentration Meter Recommended Model
Hand-held Type

Digital Type

PAL-Hydrocarbon Cleaner
Cat.No.4558

A12

10 Industrial oil all around us

RX-5000i-Plus
Cat.No.3275

Please turn over and flip upside down from the next page.

10 Industrial oil all around us

A13

The role of industrial oil can range from friction control, cooling action,
seize prevention, abrasion prevention, cleaning action, rust inhibition andso on. Industrial oil deteriorates due to contamination of foreign matter suchas water, dust, iron powder, microorganisms, oxidation and so on.
Therefore, in order for industrial oil to fully be effective and to maintain agood condition for a long time, it is important to control the quality of oil
according to the intended use.

Industrial Oil

Cleaning Solution

Product Information

Types and Uses��������������������B6

Types and Uses������������������B26

Product Lineup ��������������������������B30

pH MeterDPH-2 ����������������B46

Oil and Concentration���������B8

Contamination andConcentration
Meter

PAL-1 ������������������������B32

Moisture
Refractometer

PAL-Moisture ������B47

Oil and pH�����������������������B16

Concentration�������������������B28

PAL-α ������������������������B32

Viscometer

VISCO™ �������������B48

Oil and Viscosity����������������B18

PAL-S ������������������������B33

Refractometer

PAL-RI ����������������B50

Oil and Moisture���������������B20

PAL-102S ������������������B33

DR-A1-Plus ���������B51

Oil and Refractive Index�����B22

PAL-AntiRust ��������������B34

RX-5000i-Plus �����B52

PAL-Release Agent �����B34

RX-007α ������������B54

PAL-Cleaner ��������������B35

Options �����������������������������B56

PAL-Hydrocarbon
Cleaner ���������������������B35

User Testimonials����������������B58

MASTER-53S ��������������B36
MASTER-20α �������������B36
PR-101α �������������������B37
All ATAGO products are designed and manufactured in Japan.
Headquarters: The Front Tower Shiba Koen, 23rd Floor
2-6-3 Shiba-koen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0011, Japan

http://www.atago.net/ overseas@atago.net

TEL : 81-3-3431-1943 FAX : 81-3-3431-1945

TEL : 1-425-637-2107

ATAGO products comply with HACCP,GMP,
and GLP system standards.

customerservice@atago-usa.com

TEL : 91-22-28544915, 40713232 customerservice@atago-india.com
TEL : 66-21948727-9

customerservice@atago-brasil.com

TEL : 39 02 36557267

customerservice@atago-italia.com

TEL : 86-20-38108256

info@atago-china.com

TEL : 7-812-777-96-96

info@atago-russia.com

TEL : 234-707-558-1552

atagonigeria@atago.net

TEL : 7-727-257-08-95

info@atago-kazakhstan.com* Specifications and appearance are subject to change without notice.

B2

customerservice@atago-thailand.com

TEL : 55 16 3913-8400

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Copyright © 2018 ATAGO CO., LTD. All rights reserved.

PR-201α �������������������B37
CM-800α ������������������B38
CM-BASEα ����������������B40
CM-BASEβ ����������������B42
PAN-1DC ������������������B44

ENV.01 18051500GR Printed in Japan

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B3

Industrial Oil

B4

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B5

Types and Uses

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Types and Uses

Types and Uses

B6

Cutting oil

Grinding lubricant

Rolling oil

Wire drawing oil

Lubricating oil used for cutting
metal

Solution that plays animportant role in grinding

Lubricating oil used in rolling
process

Lubricating oil used for wiredrawing

The main work is a lubrication action to reduce
friction between the cutter and the workpiece toreduce the cutting resistance and a cooling action
to remove the frictional heat generated between
the cutter and the workpiece. This can extend thelife of the cutter, improve the quality of thefinished surface, improve the processing accuracy
such as dimensional accuracy. The standard of
cutting oil is specified in JIS K 2241, and it isdivided into water-insoluble cutting oil and watersoluble cutting oil. Water-insoluble cutting oil ismainly suitable for cases where processing
precision is required because it is mainlycomposed of mineral oil and is excellent inlubricity and anti-weldability. However, because itcorresponds to the dangerous goods of the Fire
Service Act, precautionary measures against fire
hazards are necessary. Water soluble cutting oil isparticularly good for cooling because it is diluted
with water and has the advantage over waterinsoluble cutting oil that there is little danger ofsmoke, ignition and fire.

Grinding is a machining method that scrapes thesurface of a material with a grinding wheel thatrotates at high speed and finishes it to therequired size, shape and surface roughness.
Imagine the figure of sharpening the kitchen knife
with a grindstone. The grinding is the result ofadvancement in the practice of knife sharpening.
The role of grinding lubricant is to reduce grinding
resistance, increase lubricity, and cool the heatfrom friction. This keeps the condition of thegrindstone satisfactory and maintains highaccuracy. It also serves to prevent corrosion of
metal and adhesion of metal chips. There arewater-soluble grinding lubricant and waterinsoluble grinding lubricant. In general, it iswater-soluble grinding lubricant that is morecommon and it can be divided into emulsion,
solubles, and chemicals. Solubles are mostsuitable for grinding, but water-insoluble grinding
lubricant is more suitable when finished surfaces
are more strictly required.

Rolling is a processing method in which materials
such as metal are thinly extended between rollingrolls. Lubricating oil used in rolling process iscalled rolling oil, which plays a role of reducing
friction between the metal and the roll andimparting cooling properties. Many rolled
products such as roofs, walls, household
electrical appliances, beverage cans and so on
are familiar everyday goods. During the roughrolling process, a cooling effect is expected fromthe rolling oil to compensate for the great amountof thermal energy released from substantial
stretching of the rolling sheet. In the finish rolling
process, it is necessary to increase the amountof oil to ensure lubricity so as to achieve therequired surface accuracy. However, it is better touse less oil for the later cleaning process. For thefinishing process of rolling, it is important toprecisely control concentration in considerationof the washability of the subsequent process.

Drawing processing is a type of metal processingthat reduces the diameter of a wire material suchas a wire and extends it long. The processedwires can be seen at various places such as leadsof thermocouple thermometers of airplanes,
ships and automobiles, nickel chromium wire
used for heating appliances, home appliances,
copper nickel wires used for toilet seat heaters,
etc. are manufactured by stretching the metal
wire using a tool called a die. Drawing oil has thefunctions of improving the quality of the wire,
preventing wear of the die, cooling the frictional
heat, and improving workability.

Anti-rust agent

Hydraulic oil

Mold-releasing agent

As the name suggests, liquid
agent to prevent rust

Fluid used in hydraulicmachinery

Lubricating oil used in die
casting process

Rust is generated when processed metal surface
come in contact with oxygen and water etc. If it
rusts, it cannot be used as a metal part and the
product value will be reduced. Anti-rust agent isused not only in the final steel product but also
when rust occurs between primary processing
and secondary processing. There are two typesof anti-rust agents, water soluble and organic
solvents, but water soluble anti-rust agent isincreasingly becoming more popular.
Water-soluble agent has less risk of ignition,
explosion, poisoning, etc., and is operator andenvironmental friendly. In JIS Z 0103, it isclassified into its use and type of metal anti-rustagents according to its use and purpose such as
water solubility, vaporizability, grease form, etc.

Hydraulic machinery is used as a driving source
for machine tools, construction machinery suchas hydraulic excavators, industrial vehicles suchas forklift, agricultural machinery such as tractor,
and specially equipped vehicle such as dump
truck. Hydraulic systems use a fluid to transmit
forces from one location to another using the
Pascal's law. The fluid used as a powertransmission medium in hydraulic equipment iscalled hydraulic fluid, and it also has functions
such as lubrication, rust prevention, and cooling.
As classification, there are petroleum (mineral oil)and flame retardant. For flame retardancy, water based hydraulic fluids and water glycol fluids arecommonly used.

The main function is to reduce seizure between
heated material and metal mold in die castingprocess and reduce friction when extruding
product from metal mold. Die-casting is a casting
method in which molten metal is pressed into a
precision mold at high temperature, and castingis produced through cooling and solidification
processes. Seizing, a failure caused by the
die-casting process will degrade product quality,
yield, and production efficiency such as damage
to the mold. The release agent is like applying
cooking oil to the baking mold beforehand so that
it will not stick. Water based type is themainstream for release agents, due to fire
hazards and work environment problems.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Quenching oil
Mineral oil for heat treatment
used for quenching
Iron and steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. As
the temperature rises, the crystal structure andproperties change at a certain temperature.
Utilizing such property of alloy, techniques suchas "anneal" to soften the steel, and "quench" tomake it hard, are commonly used. Mineral oil forheat treatment used for quenching of steel andthe like is called quenching oil. In JIS K 2242,
ease of hardening and oil temperature and so on
are determines. Selection of the quench oil
requires to consider facts such as work type,
shape and required hardness.

Insulating oil
Role of insulation and coolingof electrical equipment
Insulating oil plays the role of insulation andcooling of electrical equipment such astransformers, capacitors, cables, capacitors andothers. If abnormal overheating or insulation
deterioration occurs inside the equipment, thedecomposition gas and deterioration products
generated from the insulating oil will dissolve andcannot fulfill the role of electronic equipment. In
JIS C 2320, its characteristics are specified indetail.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B7

Oil and Concentration

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Oil and Concentration

There are many types of industrial oils such as water-soluble cutting oils, lubricating oils, moldrelease agents, etc., used by diluting with water. Strictly managing these dilution ratios (concentration
control) stabilizes processing accuracy, maintains quality, and prevents problems in advance.

When the concentration is too low

When the concentration is too high• Fluctuating accuracy varies easily• Lifespan of tool drops due to rust anddiscoloration• Progress of putrefaction of oils

• High spending cost on oil• Stickiness around the machine• Operator's hands may become irritated

There are two main types ofconcentration management

Method for controlling concentrationof water-soluble oil agent

Measurement of initial dilution
concentration

Concentration management isgenerally done with a refractometer

For water-soluble oils, the stock solution is diluted
with water. In order to fully derive theperformance of the oil agent, it is necessary to
grasp the dilution concentration% and perform
proper dilution. The proper concentration varies
depending on the type of oil and processing
conditions, for example, it is said that the proper
concentration of cutting processing is 5 to 10%
and the grinding processing is about 4 to 7%.

A refractometer uses a unit called Brix% which
is a scale that is converted from a refractive
index. Therefore, a Brix% and absolute value
percentage of an oil agent will differ from eachother. In day-to-day process control, there arecases where Brix%, which is a unit ofrefractometer, is used, and other times, it isconverted to an actual concentration. In order toconvert to the absolute value of concentration, aconversion factor can be calculated by creating a
conversion graph as follows.

Measurement for proper
replenishment concentration
Concentration of liquid in use will change due toevaporation over time and adhesion to machine
tools and processed parts. Various problems will
occur when the concentration is outside theprescribed range, so it is necessary to regularly
manage it to confirm the concentration during
use and to maintain a constant concentration.

Many oil manufactures often provide
concentration and conversion factor.
Please contact the oil manufacture directly.

memo• Calculating for conversion factor

B8

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

25
concentration%

Oil andConcentration

Using the cutting oil graphed on the right as an
example, mix 10 g of the stock solution and 90 g ofwater to make a solution with a concentration of 10%.
If this liquid is measured with a refractometer, Brix
measurement was 4.0%, then conversion factor willbe 10.0 / 4.0 = 2.5. For this diluted solution of cutting
oil, the value obtained by multiplying the measured
value Brix% of the refractometer by 2.5 is the actual
concentration of the cutting oil.

20
15
10
5
0
0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Brix
Cutting oil

Cleaning solution

Rolling oil• Determination of dilution ratio
The dilution ratio is the value obtained by dividing 100 by the "actual oil concentration".
In the case of 10% concentration, 100/10 = 10, the dilution ratio will be 10 times.
Brix%······ A scale obtained by converting the refractive index into "the number of grams of sucrose contained in 100 g of sucrose solution"

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B9

Oil and Concentration

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Oil and Concentration

Water-soluble

Example of Concentration
Concentration control of
cutting oil

studied independently. Improvement ofprocessing techniques and skills will be promoted
by numerical significance.

Measurement of initial dilution
concentration
At the initial dilution, using a refractometer, thedilution can be checked to see if concentration isappropriate.

Concentration measurement
for replenishment• Proper replenishment
Concentration of used liquid will change due toevaporation and adhesion to machine tools andprocessed parts over time. When refilling to initial
dilution concentration, concentration is controlledwith a refractometer. The most serious concern
when the concentration is too high is skinirritation. Conversely, if the concentration is too
low, there is a possibility of rusting the machine.

• Easy replenishment
This is only for agitable cutting oil; however,
mixture can be managed by using a refractometer
during bubbling process when blending waterand stock solution directly into the tank.
*P lease contact the oil manufacturer to see if the oil is agitable ornot.

Improvement of processing
technology and skill by digitization
Although concentration factors are typicallyprovided by oil manufacturers, but since it is only
a general concentration that can be used, so theconcentration that meets the characteristics ofthe specific work and required accuracy must be

Concentration control of wiredrawing oil
Measurement of initial dilution
concentration

Cost reduction throughconcentration management

At the initial dilution, by using a refractometer,
the dilution can be checked to see if
concentration is appropriate.

• Prevention of decay
Managing and controlling appropriate
concentration can delay the progress of spoilageof the lubricant which can lead to cost reduction.
In addition, preventing decay leads to avoiding
large amounts of waste oil, which can beenvironmentally viable. Depending on thefrequency of use, we recommend thatconcentration management be done once aweek.

• Oil concentration according
to cutting conditions
Cases have been reported in which crude
processing is performed at low concentration andfinishing processing is performed at highconcentration, thereby reducing the amount ofstock solution used by several thousand yen permonth. The cost effectiveness can be obvious byusing a refractometer, but in many cases, theconcentration depends on intuition of theprocessor and have failed.

Confirmation of thefunctionality of filtration tank
By measuring concentration at the threelocations, tanks, septic tanks, and injection sites,
it is possible to check the function of the filtration
tank, such as the influence of hydraulic oil andother contamination, and the effect of purificationand lifting oil removal.

• Collection sites suitable for concentration measurement

Control of Each Oil AgentmemoConcentration measurement
for proper replenishment• Proper replenishment
Concentration of used liquid will change due toevaporation and adhesion to machine tools andprocessed parts over time. When refilling this toinitial dilution concentration, concentration iscontrolled with a refractometer. The most serious
concern when the concentration is too high isskin irritation. Conversely, if the concentration is
too low, there is a possibility of rusting themachine.

• Easy replenishment
This is only for agitable wire drawing oil; however,
mixture can be managed by using a refractometer
during bubbling process when blending waterand undiluted solution directly into the tank.
* Please contact directly to the manufacturer of oil in use for good or
bad stirring.

Improvement of processing
technology and skill by digitization
Although concentration factors are typicallyprovided by oil manufactures, it is a general
concentration, and so the concentration thatmeets the characteristics and required accuracyof the work must be studied independently by

the operator.
For wire drawing work, mechanical and wiredrawing oils differ at the process stage, such asemphasis on lubricity at the beginning andwashability at the latter stage. In order toefficiently utilize different machines and oils, it isimportant to estimate the machining state,focusing on concentration control.

Cost reduction throughconcentration management
As wire drawing oil is very expensive, not letting
it spoil will be the most cost-effective way of
reduction. There seems to be a lot of cases
where there is no periodic full replacement ofdrawing oil, half exchanges, one third exchange,
etc. are carried out. If it spoils, the whole oil must
be replaced with incurred cost. The basis of
spoilage prevention is by concentration control. It
is important to maintain the concentration
recommended by wire drawing oil manufacturers.
Depending on the frequency of use, we
recommend that concentration management be
done once a week.

Confirming the function of
filtration tank
By measuring concentration at the threelocations, tanks, septic tanks, and injection sites,
it is possible to check the function of the filtration
tank, such as the influence of hydraulic oil andother contamination, and the effect of purificationand lifting oil removal.

A die
Wire (copper)• Collection sites suitable for concentration measurementmemoConcentration varies in tanks, injection sites, and septic tanks. Moreover, the concentration isinconsistent in the tank. The most stable concentration can be collected at the injection site, however,please pay attention to safety.

Concentration varies in tanks, injection ports, septic tanks. The concentration is inconsistent in the tank.
The most stable concentration can be collected at the injection site, however, please pay attention tosafety.

• Precautions when using refractometer to measure concentration• Precautions when using refractometer to measure concentration

Concentration can be measuremented with refractometers for emulsion, soluble, and chemical
samples. Measurement values may not be stable for milky white samples or samples containing otheroils. Once the solution is placed on the sample stage, stirring it with chopstick like material may
stabilizes measurements. There are also models such as PAL-S and MASTER-53S for milky and hard tostabilize samples.

Concentration can be measured with refractometers for emulsion, soluble, and chemical samples.
Measurement values may not be stable for milky white samples or samples containing other oils. Oncethe solution is placed on the sample stage, stirring it with chopstick like materials may stabilizes
measurements. There are also models such as PAL-S and MASTER-53S for milky and hard to stabilize
samples.

Emulsion · ···· Similar to oil, spoils fast, sticky, when diluted with water, it becomes milky liquid
Soluble · ······· When diluted with water, it becomes translucent or transparent liquid
Chemical · ···· Close to water, difficult finished surface

B10

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B11

Oil and Concentration

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Concentration control ofgrinding lubricant
Dilution concentration
measurement
Normally, the concentration of grinding lubricant
is low, and 50-fold dilution is standard. Because
water will come into contact with metals, rustingis the first issue. Concentration management ofgrinding lubricant is important to prevent rustingof work materials and machine tools. In generalFC materials and castings are easy to rust, SUS is
hard to rust. Also, it is said that it is less likely torust during the winter.

Improvement of processing
technology and skill by digitization
Although concentration factors are typicallyprovided by oil manufacturers, but since it is only
a general concentration that can be used, so theconcentration that meets the characteristics ofthe specific work and required accuracy must be

B12

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Oil and Concentration

Concentration control ofanti-ruststudied independently. By considering
concentration change of the grinding lubricant, it
is possible to more deeply consider theprocessing mechanism that have not beenthought of before; allowing for amplified attentionof the processor and lead to the improvement ofprocessing skills.

Confirming the function of
filtration tankContamination in grinding lubricant is mainly
powder of work material and grinding stone.
Therefore, either a paper filter or a magnetic
separator is always incorporated into the grinding
system. With the magnetic separator, grindingstone cannot be removed, so paper filter is thebest method. When a new grinding lubricant isintroduced, the validity of the filtration device canbe measured by refractometer.

Dilution concentration
measurement
As a refractometer measures in units of Brix%
scale, the measured value is different fromthe actual concentration of grinding lubricant.
Actual concentration can be calculated using
Brix% and the conversion coefficient of actual
concentration. For details on how to calculate
the conversion factor, see P. B9.

Collection sites suitable forconcentration measurement

For rust preventives, the stock solution is diluted
with water. This dilution concentration is apparent
with refractometer PAL-AntiRust. By knowing thenumerical value, the concentration does not haveto be increased more than needed and it can also
prevent from harming the steel while conserving
the stock solution.

memo

In terms of reproducibility based on theconcentration distribution, it is best to collectthe solution at the exhaust nozzle, however,considering safety, collection at the tank iscommonly practiced especially with thepossibility of getting caught in the cutlery.

Since the refractometer is in units of Brix%,
the read value is different from the actual
concentration of the anti-rust agent. Pleasecontact the oil agent manufacturer you use forconversion factor of actual concentration andrefractometer value Brix%. The conversion
factor can also be obtained by the method
described on P. B9.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B13

Oil and Concentration

Industrial oil

Concentration control ofquenching oil

Concentration meter recommended model

Measurement of initial dilution
ratio(water-soluble)

Hand-held
refractometer

Cutting oil

PAL-1

A refractometer is used for concentration
management of water-soluble quenching oil. In
the initial dilution concentration management, arefractometer is used as the only concentration
meter. Quenching oil is normally managed withdilution magnification, but if it is near 1,000 L, aflow meter or other equipment is required tomeasure the capacity. With a refractometer,
concentration can be measured during whenwater is added directly from the hose to the stock
solution while agitating, making it easy to makesolution concurrently measuring concentration.

Proper replenishment
Concentration of used liquid will change due toevaporation of and adhesion to machine tools andprocessed parts over time. When refilling to initial
dilution concentration, concentration is controlledwith a refractometer. In order to obtain the proper
concentration, it is necessary to replenish
quenching oil diluted thinner than the initial
dilution concentration to the quenching oil being
used. As quenching oil changes in concentration
every day, concentration control by refractometeris essential.

Improvement of processing
technology and skill by digitization
Although concentration factors are typicallyprovided by oil manufacturers, but since it is only
a general concentration that can be used, so theconcentration that meets the characteristics ofthe specific work and required accuracy must be

B14

Industrial oil

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Immersion Refractometer

In-lineRefractometer

PAL-S

PAN-1DC

Digital output

CM-BASEαPAL-102S

MASTER-53S

CM-BASEβDigital / analog output

CM-800α

Grinding

PAL-1

PAL-S

PAN-1DC

Digital output

CM-BASEαlubricantPAL-102S

MASTER-53S

CM-BASEβDigital / analog output

CM-800αAnti-rust agent

PAL-AntiRust

PAL-S

PAN-1DC

Digital output

CM-BASEαMASTER-53S

CM-BASEβDigital / analog output

CM-800α

PAL-S

PAN-1DC

Digital output

CM-BASEαMASTER-53S

CM-BASEβDigital / analog output

CM-800α

PAL-1

PAL-S

PAN-1DC

Digital output

CM-BASEαPAL-102S

MASTER-53S

CM-BASEβDigital / analog output

CM-800α

PAL-1

PAL-S

PAN-1DC

Digital output

CM-BASEαPAL-102S

MASTER-53S

CM-BASEβDigital / analog output

CM-800α

PAL-Release

PAL-S

PAN-1DC

Digital output

CM-BASEαAgent

MASTER-53S

CM-BASEβDigital / analog output

CM-800α

Oil Agent Typestudied independently. Improvement ofprocessing techniques and skills will be promoted
by numerical significance. The refractometer isused as an indispensable item for workers. By
measuring different concentration with aflexibility, improvement of new technology can be
expected.

Cost reduction throughconcentration management• Preventing wasteful use ofstock solution
Cost is reduced if most diluted amount of
lubricant is used. Concentration management is
indispensable in order to use the least amount of
lubricant without losing its function.

Wire drawing oil

Quenching oil

PAL-1

When turbidity is strong

PAL-αRolling oil• Prevention of decay
Quenching oil will decay due to microbial
breeding, changes in water quality,
contamination, and so on. To prevent decay, it isnecessary to manage concentration above acertain level. The standard of concentration can
be checked by the standard dilution ratio provided
by the manufacture. The first step in preventing
decay is proper concentration control withrefractometer which is suggested by the oil
manufacture. Every day concentration control
creates synergies with prevention of decay ofoils, consideration of the environment by waste
reduction, cost savings due to long-term use.

Oil and Concentration

PAL-αRelease agent* A dark black release agent sample cannot be measured. Only milky white samples can be measured.
* The use of continuous measurement type depends on the operating environment, Please contact ATAGO.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B15

Oil and pH

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Oil and pH

pH is the degree of acidity and alkalinity of the aqueous solution. When pH 7.0 is neutral, it becomes
acidic as it goes below it, and alkalinity increases as it goes above it. Most of the water-soluble oils
are slightly alkaline, pH 8.5 to 9.0.

pH of water-soluble oil agent

inside the factory.
Proliferation of microorganisms is likely to occur
in solutions that are weakly acidic to weakly
alkaline, and as decay progresses, pH will
decrease, which is an indicator of management.
At the same time, high pH is not good either. The
skin can be affected by alkaline state, oils with ahigh pH tend to cause dermatitis.

pH control with appropriate
threshold is important
The general environment in which water-soluble
oils is used is in favorable conditions for
microorganisms (bacteria, yeast, molds) to
propagate. Proliferation of microorganisms decay
oil and causes processing defects. In addition,
processed parts and machine tools will rust due
to deterioration of rust prevention. In addition,some microorganisms emit serious putrefaction
odor, causing deterioration of work environmentmemo• Water soluble cutting oil and pH

pH 8

pH 8.5~80

7

8.5 ~ 9.0
140

pH ScaleAcidicNeutral

pH 9.5

7

9.5 ~
14

0

7

pH Scale
Alkalinity(Basic)When the pH is too low

AcidicNeutral14

pH Scale
Alkalinity(Basic)Appropriate pH

AcidicNeutralAlkalinity(Basic)When the pH is too high

· Progression of decay· Skin irritation and offensive odor

· Degradation of emulsification stability· Discoloration of the work material· Rusting· Decrease in life span of machine tool

• Hydraulic oil (water-glycol type) and pH
Managing pH in hydraulic fluid (water-glycol type).
In the case of fresh oil, the pH is 10.0 and pH 9.0 to 11.0 is appropriate. When it falls below
pH 9.0, deterioration starts. The lower the pH value is, the more degradation progresses.

Oil and pH
B16

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

pH meter recommended model
Hand-held Type
DPH-2

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B17

Oil and Viscosity

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Oil and Viscosity

Viscosity is a quantity expressing the magnitude of resistance in flow. By knowing the viscosity of oil, you
can grasp the physical properties of the oil. There are several types of viscometer such as capillary type,falling ball type, rotating type, etc. based on detection principle. Depending on the type and standard of oilsuch as petroleum, lubricating oil, hydraulic fluid, select which detection principle to use the viscometer.

Kinematic viscosity =viscosity / density
In the field of petroleum and lubricants, kinematic
viscosity may be used , as measurement items,
and it is stipulated in JIS standard.

Necessity of viscosity control
Proper viscosity is required• Lubricating oil used formachine tools and others
Appropriate viscosity is required for each.
Depending on the viscosity, processing
performance and wear degree of rotating parts
will change.

When a heavy load is applied
High viscosity lubricant is used. The oil film
becomes strong and lubricity of the friction
surface increases.

When moving at high speed
Low viscosity lubricant is used. Because it issmooth, resistance is less and more suitable.
* However, if the viscosity is too high, the resistance becomes large,
and if it is too low, the oil film breaks and it becomes difficult toobtain the lubrication effect, so the balance is necessary.

• When lubricating oil orhydraulic fluid is pumped

Oil and
Viscosity
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Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

The efficiency varies with viscosity.
The lower the viscosity, the worse the lubricity,and the higher the viscosity the poor the oil flow,
the more burden the rotating parts will wear.
However, when the viscosity is too high, theresistance is large, and if it is too low, the oil film
breaks and it becomes difficult to obtain the
lubrication effect, so the balance is necessary.

• Hydraulic fluid
Even in hydraulic fluid, as the hydraulic equipment
becomes larger, use a highly viscous oil (within
the range of 28.80 to 74.80 mm2 / s in kinematic
viscosity). Therefore, lubricating oil and hydraulicfluid are classified according to ISO standard
according to the viscosity value in 20 stages.
ISO viscosity Kinematic viscosity range
Grade number mm2 / s

JIS standard

ISO VG2

1.98 or more and 2.42 or less

K2239 Bearing oil bearing

ISO VG3

2.88 or more and 3.52 or less

ISO VG5

4.14 or more and 5.06 or less

ISO VG7

6.12 or more and 7.48 or less

ISO VG10

9.00 or more and 11.00 or less

ISO VG15

13.50 or more and 16.50 or less

ISO VG22

19.80 or more and 24.20 or less K2239 Bearing oil bearing

ISO VG32

28.80 or more and 35.20 or less K2213 Turbine oil Gear (medium load)
2 kinds
Sliding surface
Hydraulic actuation

ISO VG46

41.40 or more and 50.60 or less K2213 Turbine oil Hydraulic actuation
2 kinds

ISO VG68

61.20 or more and 74.80 or less K2213 Turbine oil Gear (medium load)
2 kinds
Sliding surface
Hydraulic actuation

ISO VG100

90 or more and 110 or less

K2219 1 type forgear oil industry

ISO VG150

135 or more and 165 or less

K2219 1 type forgear oil industry

Gear (medium load)
Gear (high load)
Sliding surface

ISO VG220

198 or more and 242 or less

K2219 1 type forgear oil industry

Sliding surface

ISO VG320

288 or more and 352 or lessGear (medium load)

ISO VG460

414 or more and 506 or lessGear (medium load)

ISO VG680

612 or more and 748 or less

ISO VG1000

900 or more and 1100 or less

ISO VG1500

1350 or more and 1650 or less

ISO VG2200

1980 or more and 2420 or less

ISO VG3200

Use2880 or more and 3520 or less

K2239 Bearing oil bearing
K2239 Bearing oil bearing* ISO VG10 to VG22 for spindle oil, ISO VG32 to VG68 for turbine oil,
ISO VG 100 to 150 for motor oil, and ISO VG 220 for cylinder oil.

Viscosity varies with temperature. The
higher the temperature, the lower theviscosity. Therefore, proper temperatureand viscosity management is required.
Relationship between oil temperature versus viscosity
Viscosity of oil m highWhat is kinematic viscosity

Oil temperature m highLow viscosity oil

High viscosity oil

Recommended viscometer model
Rotary Viscometer
VISCO™

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B19

Oil and Moisture

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Oil and Moisture

Hydraulic oil is an oil used as a power transmission medium among hydraulic devices used in many
machinery such as machine tools, construction machinery, automobiles, ships and the like, and has functionsof lubrication, rust prevention, cooling, etc. Here, we will explain the relationship between oil and moisture
taking water-glycol system which is the main hydraulic oil of water based hydraulic fluid type as an example.

Relationship between hydraulicfluid, moisture and deterioration
It causes oil corrosion andmachine malfunction• Effects of reduced moisture
If hydraulic oil is continued to be used in hydraulicequipment, moisture will decrease due toevaporation caused by heat or the like.
As moisture decreases, problems such asdeterioration may compromise flame retardancy.

• Adverse effects of moisture
contamination
Moisture may be mixed in machine tools using
water-soluble cutting oil or hydraulic machines
used outdoors. Even in fresh oil, it contains about
20 to 40% moisture, but when excessive
contamination occurs, it separates from the oil,rusting the moving parts and tanks, galling or
clogging the valves and pumps causing cavitation
by sudden change in pressure.
In addition, cutting oil additives may react withadditives of hydraulic fluid, or it may become
insoluble in oil, and form sticky sludge thatadheres to small parts of hydraulic equipment
and cause malfunctioning. As mentioned above,the change in moisture content not only
promotes the decay of oil but also greatly
damages the hydraulic machine itself. Therefore,
it is necessary to manage the amount of water.

How to manage the moisture
content
Water content can bemeasured using refractometers
The refractometer, PAL-Moisture can be used forsimple way to measure moisture %. Keeping the
moisture% of hydraulic fluid at the proper amount
can improve hydraulic oil quality.

The relationship between refractive index andmoisture% varies depending on the type of
hydraulic fluid. The scale of the refractometer(Brix%) is a basic scale obtained by converting
the refractive index into the concentration ofsugar solution. Therefore, it is necessary to
calculate the conversion table of actual
moisture% and moisture% by refractometerfor each type of hydraulic fluid as follows.
memo• Example of conversion table
If the moisture is 30%, (It is written on the purchased hydraulic oil.) Add 10 g of water to 90 g of hydraulic oil and mix.
The moisture% of this liquid is 90 × 0.30 + 10 = 37%

 Add 20 g of water to 80 g of hydraulic oil and mix.
The moisture percentage of this liquid is 80 × 0.30 + 20 = 44%

 Measure the stock solution and the liquid of   with the PAL-Moisture and obtain the moisturevalue of each.

 From , create a graph of "% moisture to actual moisture" of the refractometer and extend thegraph to the range of moisture of 30% or less to create a conversion graph.

Oil and Moisture

Recommended moisture meter model
Hand-held TypeHigh Precision TypeIn-line Refractometer

PAL-Moisture

RX-5000i-Plus

CM-800α

Brix%······ A scale obtained by converting the refractive index into "the number of grams of sucrose contained in 100 g of sucrose solution"

B20

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Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B21

Oil and Refractive Index

Industrial oil

Industrial oil

Oil and Refractive Index

One of the indicators to know the physical properties of oil is the refractive index. Refractive index isan optical representation of the material's density to air (or vacuum). Specifically, it is the ratio oflight speed. For example, if the speed at which light travels through an oil is 1.5 times slower than the
speed at which it travels in air (or vacuum), the index of refraction of that oil will be 1.5. The refractive
index depends on the physical properties and composition of the oil, so you can identify the type ofoil by knowing the refractive index.

Method for measuringrefractive index

One example refractive index
of industrial oil

Devices measuring the refractive
index are called refractometers

Oil type

Refractive index (25°C)

Crude oil

1.460 to 1.530

At ATAGO, "Digital Refractometer RX" and "Abbe
Refractometer" are available for high-precision
measurement, "Pocket Refractometer PAL" and"Hand-held Refractometer" for easy measurement.
As the refractive index varies with temperature,
it may be measured at a predetermined
temperature. Depending on the type of oil, it isoften measured at 20°C, 23°C and 25°C. For
some types of lubricating oil, the melting pointtemperature is high and it is sometimes
measured at 40°C or 70°C.

Diesel #1

1.459 to 1.465

A heavy oil

1.461 to 1.486

B heavy oil

1.505 to 1.519

C heavy oil

1.515 to 1.542

Lubricant1.480 to 1.518

Gasoline (regular)

1.421 to 1.429

Gasoline (high octane) 1.433
Kerosene

1.447

Reference)	Japanese Industrial Standard related to refractive index
measurement
JIS C2101 Electric insulating oil test method
	JIS K0062 Method for measuring the refractive index ofchemical products
	JIS K0517 Method for measuring refractive index of highpurity hydrocarbon

Recommended refractometer model
Hand-held Type

Abbe Refractometer

High Precision TypePAL-RI

DR-A1-Plus

RX-5000i-Plus

NAR-2T

RX-7000i

In the case of high temperature measurement

In case of wide range measurement

Oil and
Refractive Index
B22

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B23

Cleaning Solution

B24

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B25

Types and Uses

Cleaning solution

Cleaning solution

Types and Uses

Quality control of cleaning agent is import as it becomes unclean as they are used like industrial oils.
Like industrial oil, quality control of cleaning agent is important as it becomes unclean with use. There
are various types of contamination, such as dust in the air, particulate contamination such as cutting
powder and polishing powder, oil such as processing oil, organic contamination such as solder flux,
adhesive, release agent, etc., and inorganic contamination such as oxide film from the metal surface.
Cleaning agents are roughly divided into three types: water-based cleaning agent, semi-aqueous
based cleaning agent, and non-aqueous cleaning agent according to its components and action.

Water-based
cleaning agent• Alkaline• Acid• Neutral

Semi-aqueous based
cleaning agent

Non-aqueous cleaning agent• Non-Aqueous mixture• Hydrocarbon type
• Alcohol type
• Silicone type

Water-based cleaning agent

Semi-aqueous based cleaning agent

Classified as acidic, alkaline,
and neutral

Aqueous and solvent based
cleaning agent

Water based detergent contains surfactant as an
essential ingredient with water as a solvent.
It is classified as acidic, neutral, alkaline according
to pH.
Alkaline base has been used mainly as a result of
the strength of detergency, but with performance
improvement of the neutral type, and for safety
factor as well, it is more commonly used.

Semi-aqueous based cleaning agent is a type ofcleaning agent that combines organic solvent andwater. It is excellent for cleaning flux and wax.
Because it is relatively expensive, it is usuallyused for washing components such as
substrates, electronic parts, liquid crystals that
require particular reliability. Glycol ether type andN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) are classified as
non-hazardous that contain about 5 to 25% ofwater in solvent and do not show flash point for
fire hazard.

Acidic type
Due to safety to the human body andconcerns of metal corrosion, it is limited tosome uses such as scale removal andprecleaning before plating.

Neutral type
It is generally applied to nonferrous light metals
such as copper and aluminum, stainless steel
and glass resin, which is suitable for removing
aqueous processing oil, low viscosity oilprocessing oil, dust and the like.

Types and Uses
B26

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]• Fluorine type
• Chlorinated• Other

Alkaline type
It is the most widely used detergent in themetal industry, and it is effective for rustpreventive oil which is hard to remove inneutral system, oil-based processing oil withhigh viscosity, inorganic and particulatecontamination.

Non-aqueous cleaning agent
Hydrocarbon and chlorinecleaning agents are mainstream
Non-aqueous detergents are categorizedaccording to their structure and inflammability,
etc. The common types are hydrocarbon andchlorine cleaning agent. Although it is flammable,hydrocarbon cleaners are very popular because atechnology to safely use it is well established,
low in toxicity, inexpensive, and recyclable. In thepast, there were not much variety of washingsolution were available as it is now, and kerosene
was used to clean the metal parts. Many people
may remember wiping the cloth with kerosene
for oil dropping of the bicycle chain. From this,even now days, kerosene is used to clean metal
plates, metal rods and metal parts. Caution isrequired as it is flammable.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B27

Contamination and Concentration

Cleaning solution

Cleaning solution

Contamination and Concentration

Concentration control ofwater-based cleaning agent

Concentration management of
Semi-aqueous based cleaning agent

Dilution concentration ismeasured with refractometer

Degree of contamination forhydrocarbon-based cleaning liquid

Depending on the application and type, the waterbased cleaning agent is diluted 10 to 100 times
with water, but it should be diluted to the proper
concentration in order to maximize the effect.
Also, as the number of times of washingincreases, the washing liquid in use becomes
dirty and detergency drops, so it is necessary to
add new washing liquid or replace it with freshoil. Refractometers are active at such initial
dilution and periodic inspection during use.

Degree of contamination is explained by taking ahydrocarbon-based cleaning liquid which ismainstream in precision cleaning of industrial
products as an example among Non-aqueous
cleaning agents.
Hydrocarbon is a generic term for compounds
consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen, and its
kind exists in countless numbers depending on
the number of carbons and structure. Manyhydrocarbon-based detergents currently in use
are not merely refined crude petroleum but rather
purified refined or chemically synthesized andused as undiluted solution. Cleaning solution
filled in the cleaning tank is brought in bycontamination by washing parts, and the cleaning
effect diminishes. In order to continue stablewashing, it is necessary to check the degree ofcontamination so as not to use a cleaning agent
that is dirty over a certain ratio. A refractometer isutilized as a method. Although the refraction
index of the processing oil and the refraction
index of the cleaning solution are different, since
the refractive index of the liquid in which the twoare mixed is proportional to the mixing ratio, theconcentration of the contaminant substance canbe estimated. Since the refractive index varies
depending on the measurement temperature,temperature correction is required, but if you use
a refractometer with a temperature correction
function, you can easily find the degree ofcontamination. By confirming the degree ofcontamination, it is possible to maintain longterm cleaning performance and greatly reduce
the amount of detergent used and waste fluid
throughput.

Concentration control of
Semi-aqueous based cleaning agent
Grasp flux mixing concentration%with refractometer

Brix Contamination Con%For example, in the manufacture of electronicboards, after attaching the electronic parts to theboard, washing with flux removal of lead-freesolder is done. In the washing process, thesubstrates flow one by one through the washingtank, the rinse tank, and the hot air drying tank in
the order of washing → rinsing → drying. At the
beginning, clean cleaning liquid, when repeating
washing, the flux melts into the liquid, and if it
dissolves more than a certain ratio the cleaning
effect will drop and exchange. A refractometerworks effectively when grasping the flux mixing
concentration% at this time. The graph below is aconversion graph between the refractometerreading (Brix) and the flux mixed concentration%.
47
46
45
44
43
42
41

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Brix (refractometer)* This is one of the example. Conversion depends on liquid type

Refractometer recommended modelContamination andConcentration
B28

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Types of cleaning
solution

Water-based
cleaning agent

Hand-held TypeHigh Precision TypeIn-line Refractometer

PAL-Cleaner

PAL-5000i-Plus

CM-800α

RX-007αCM-BASEαFor very low concentration

PRM-2000α
Semi-aqueous based PAL-αcleaning agent
Non-aqueous
cleaning agent

PAL-Hydrocarbon Cleaner
For measuring dirty tank

PAL-5000i-Plus

For very low concentration

CM-800αCM-BASEαPAL-5000i-Plus
For measuring clean tank

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B29

Pro d u c t L i neup

PRODUCTS
Concentration Meter

Concentration Meter

PAL-1

PAL-α

PAL-S

PAL-102S

PAL-AntiRust

PAL-Release Agent

PAL-Cleaner

PAL-Hydrocarbon
Cleaner

MASTER-53S

NASTER-20α

PR-101αPR-201αCat.No.

3810

3840

3860

4502

4537

4538

4536

4558

2355

2381

3442

3452

Measurement
Items

Brix

Brix

Brix

Cutting oil

Anti-rust agent

Release agent

Cleaning solution

Contam.

Brix

Brix

Brix

Brix

Moisture
Refractometer

Viscometer

In-line Refractometer

pH MeterRefractometer / Concentration Meter

CM-800αCM-BASEαCM-BASEβPAN-1DC

DPH-2

PAL-Moisture

VISCO™

PAL-RI

DR-A1-Plus

RX-5000i-Plus

RX-007αCat.No.

3564(A)3603(D)3604(A)3616(D)3626

PAN-1DC 3606,(M)3607, (L)3608

4320

4573

6800

3850

1311

3275

3921

Measurement
Items

Brix

Brix

Brix

Brix

pH

Moisture content =100 – Brix

Viscosity
TorqueRefractive Index

Refractive Index (nD) Refractive Index (nD)
Brix
Brix
100 user scales

Refractive Index (nD)Brix
30 user scales* For details such as piping list, please refer to "Inline Refractometer Guide."

B30

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B31

Concentration Meter

Concentration Meter

NFC (Near Field Communication)

Measurement history (up to 100 items) can be read bytouching a contactless IC card reader / writer connected
to an Android smartphone or a personal computer.
* The N-Mark is a trademark or registered trademark of NFC
Forum, Inc. in the United States and in other countries.

Just touch

OutputNFC Forum Type 4 Tag
ISO/IEC 14443 Type A
Output category Date Time, Brix [%] ,Temp [degC](e.g.) 2017/08/17 09:30:45, 12.3, 20.4
* Scheduled to be installed sequentially.

The function to
suppress variation(Mode S) is carried.

NFC Equipped
Model

NFC Equipped
Model

NFC Equipped
Model

0.0 to 53.0 Brix

Wide Brix Range

Cutting Oil

Digital Hand-held“Pocket” Refractometer

PAL-α

Improved Repeatability

Digital Hand-held“Pocket” Refractometer

Digital Hand-held“Pocket” Refractometer

Digital Hand-held “Pocket”
Cutting oil Refractometer

PAL-1

B32

NFC Equipped
Model

PAL-S

PAL-102S

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Items

Cutting oil

Measurement
Range

Brix: 0.0 to 53.0%

Measurement
Range

Brix: 0.0 to 85.0%

Measurement
Range

Brix: 0.0 to 93.0%

Measurement
Range

Cutting oil: 0.0 to 70.0%

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: ±0.2%

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: ±0.2%

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: ±0.2%

Measurement
Accuracy

Cutting oil: ±0.2%(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Specifications

Specifications

Specifications

Specifications

Cat.No.

3810

Cat.No.

3840

Cat.No.

3860

Cat.No.

4502

Model name

PAL-1

Model name

PAL-αModel name

PAL-S

Model name

PAL-102S

Measurement range

Brix: 0.0 to 53.0%
Temperature : 10.0 to 100˚C

Measurement range

Brix: 0.0 to 85.0%
Temperature : 10.0 to 100˚C

Measurement range

Brix: 0.0 to 93.0%
Temperature : 10.0 to 100˚C

Measurement range

Cutting oil : 0.0 to 70.0%
Temperature : 10.0 to 75.0˚C

Resolution

Brix: 0.1%
Temperature : 0.1˚C

Resolution

Brix: 0.1%
Temperature : 0.1˚C

Resolution

Brix: 0.1%
Temperature : 0.1˚C

Resolution

Cutting oil : 0.1%
Temperature : 0.1˚CMeasurement accuracy Brix
: ±0.2%Temperature : ±1˚C

Measurement accuracy Brix
: ±0.2%Temperature : ±1˚C

Measurement accuracy Brix
: ±0.2%Temperature : ±1˚C

Measurement accuracy Cutting oil : ±0.2%
Temperature : ±1˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 75˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚CPower supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

Power supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

Power supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

Power supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

International protection class IP65 Water resistantInternational protection class IP65 Water resistantInternational protection class IP65 Water resistantInternational protection class IP65 Water resistantDimension and weight

Dimension and weight

Dimension and weight

Dimension and weight

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B33

Concentration Meter

Concentration Meter

NFC Equipped
Model

Anti-rust

NFC Equipped
Model

Release Agent

PAL-AntiRust PAL-Release
Digital Hand-held “Pocket”
Anti-rust Refractometer

B34

Agent

Digital Hand-held “Pocket”
Release agent Refractometer

NFC Equipped
Model

Cleaner

NFC Equipped
Model

Hydrocarbon Cleaner Contamination

PAL-Cleaner PAL-Hydrocarbon
Digital Hand-held “Pocket”
Cleaner Refractometer

Cleaner

Digital Hand-held “Pocket” Hydrocarbon
Cleaner Contamination Refractometer

Measurement
Items

Anti-rustMeasurement
Items

Release agent

Measurement
Items

Cleaner

Measurement
Items

Hydrocarbon cleaner contamination

Measurement
Range

Anti-rust: 0.00 to 25.00%

Measurement
Range

Release agent: 0.00 to 25.00%

Measurement
Range

Cleaner: 0.00 to 25.00%

Measurement
Range

Contam.: 0.0 to 30.0%

Measurement
Accuracy

Anti-rust: ±0.10%

Measurement
Accuracy

Release agent: ±0.10%

Measurement
Accuracy

Cleaner: ±0.10%

Measurement
Accuracy

Contam.: ±1.0%(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Specifications

Specifications

Specifications

Specifications

Cat.No.

4537

Cat.No.

4538

Cat.No.

4536

Cat.No.

4558

Model name

PAL-AntiRust

Model name

PAL-Release Agent

Model name

PAL-Cleaner

Model name

PAL-Hydrocarbon Cleaner

Measurement range

Anti-rust: 0.00 to 25.00%
Temperature : 10.0 to 100˚C

Measurement range

Release agent : 0.00 to 25.00%
Temperature : 10.0 to 100˚C

Measurement range

Cleaner: 0.00 to 25.00%
Temperature : 10.0 to 100˚C

Measurement range

Contam.
: 0.0 to 30.0%
Temperature : 10.0 to 10.0˚C

Resolution

Anti-rust: 0.01%
Temperature : 0.1˚C

Resolution

Release agent : 0.01%
Temperature : 0.1˚C

Resolution

Cleaner: 0.01%
Temperature : 0.1˚C

Resolution

Contam.
: 0.1%
Temperature : 0.1˚CMeasurement accuracy Anti-rust: ±0.10%
Temperature : ±1˚C

Measurement accuracy Release agent : ±0.10%
Temperature : ±1˚C

Measurement accuracy Cleaner: ±0.10%
Temperature : ±1˚C

Measurement accuracy Contam.
: ±1.0%Temperature : ±1˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚CPower supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

Power supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

Power supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

Power supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

International protection class IP65 Water resistantInternational protection class IP65 Water resistantInternational protection class IP65 Water resistantInternational protection class IP65 Water resistantDimension and weight

Dimension and weight

Dimension and weight

Dimension and weight

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B35

Concentration Meter

Concentration Meter

A-４５８

Left 0.2% Right 0.5%
inclement double scale.

B36

Milky Sample

Low Concentration

MASTER-53S MASTER-20α

Low & Middle Concentration

Hand-held Milky sample Refractometer

Hand-held Refractometer

PR-101αWide Range

Digital Refractometer

Digital RefractometerIn the conventional hand-held refractometer, it is a
hand-held refractometer specialized for cloudy
samples where the boundary line was unclear anddifficult to read.

It is a model developed for low concentration Brix
20% and below.

High accuracy (±0.1%) available in a compact
model.

It is a compact and highly accurate digitalconcentration meter.

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Range

Brix: 0.0 to 53.0%

Measurement
Range

Brix: 0.0 to 20.0%

Measurement
Range

Brix: 0.0 to 45.0%

Measurement
Range

Brix: 0.0 to 60.0%

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: ±0.2% (at 20˚C)

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: ±0.2% (10 to 30˚C)

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: ±0.1%

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: ±0.1%(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

PR-201α(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Specifications

Specifications

Specifications

Specifications

Cat.No.

2355

Cat.No.

2381

Cat.No.

3442

Cat.No.

3542

Model name

MASTER-53S

Model name

MASTER-20α

Model namePR-101αModel namePR-201αMeasurement range

Brix : 0.0 to 53.0%

Measurement range

Brix : 0.0 to 20.0%

Measurement range

Brix : 0.0 to 45.0%

Measurement range

Brix : 0.0 to 60.0%

Minimum scale

Brix : 0.2% (Left 0.2%, Right 0.5%)

Minimum scale

Brix : 0.1%

Resolution

Brix : 0.1%

Resolution

Brix : 0.1%

Measurement accuracy Brix : ±0.2% (at 20˚C)

Measurement accuracy Brix : ±0.2% (10 to 30˚C)

Measurement accuracy Brix : ±0.1%

Measurement accuracy Brix : ±0.1%

Repeatability

Repeatability

Temperaturecompensation range

5 to 40˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 40˚C

Ambient temperature

Equivalent to temperature compensation range.

Ambient temperature

Equivalent to temperature compensation range.

Power supply

006P dry battery (9V)Power supply

006P dry battery (9V)

Brix : ±0.1% (at 20˚C)

Brix : ±0.1%

International protection class IP65 Water resistantInternational protection class IP65 Water resistantDimension and weight

Dimension and weight

3.2(W)× 3.4(D) ×16.8(H) cm,130g

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

3.2(W)× 3.4(D) ×20.7(H) cm,165g

International protection class IP64 Water resistantInternational protection class IP64 Water resistantDimension and weight

Dimension and weight

17(W)× 9(D) ×4(H) cm,300g (Main unit only)

17(W)× 9(D) ×4(H) cm,300g (Main unit only)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B37

In-line Refractometer

In-line Refractometer

CM-800αIn-line Brix Monitor

check
compatible

The material of the wetted part can be custom ordered

Past results: Titanium, Hastelloy etc * Please contact our sales department for details.

compatible

SUS (standard specification)

Titanium

Hastelloy

Stainless steel with high strengthand excellent corrosion resistance.
Sanitary specification.

Metal with high strength, lightweight, corrosion resistance, heat
resistance. In particular, it has
higher corrosion resistance to salt
than the stainless steel.

Alloy with high corrosion resistanceand heat resistance. Especially, it isresistant to hydrochloric acid andsulfuric acid, and it is corrosion
resistant even at high temperature.

High temperature resistant, lightweight, compact, yet reasonable· Continuous measurement inline, monitoring
concentration and mixing ratio· Compatible with various types of fittings suchas straight type, L shape and tube diameter* Hastelloy is a trademark of Haines
Corporation, USA.

CM-800α Features
Packing contents· Main unit· Power (DC24V) cable
· O-ring (Silicon)
· O-ring (EPDM)
· Instruction manual· Inspection certificate

1
1
1
1
1
1

Strong adhesion of oil film system

Responsive to the era of IoT

SUS316L was adopted as the wetted part, andthe prism stage is full flat. It is highly resistantto adhesion of oil such as cutting oil andfloating oil contained in cleaning liquid.

Equipped with recorder output (4 to 20mA) and
RS-232C output, it can be automaticallycontrolled as an IoT device in conjunction withan external device.

SUS316L

Power supply
input terminal<Front: display section>

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Range<Back: detection section>

Brix: 0.00 to 80.0%(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Measurement
Accuracy

RS-232C output terminal(When connecting to PC)

Recorder output terminal(4 to 20 mA DC)

Simple and easy to use

With automatic temperature correction function

When ↓ key is pressed during Brix
measurement, the measured temperature(liquid temperature) is displayed.

Temperature correction can be set according to thesample solution, so that the correct concentration(Brix%) is always displayed and outputted even if
the solution temperature changes.

Brix: ±0.1%(at Brix: 0.00 to 80.0%)

Dimensions (unit of length: mm)* For details such as piping list, please refer to “Inline Refractometer Guide.

CM series• Freezing point• P.G.

60

160

14

• Freezing point

CM-800α

Measurement range

Brix: 0.00 to 80.0%
Temperature: -15 to 160°C / 5 to 320°F

Resolution

Brix: 0.01 or 0.1% (by selection; 0.00 to 9.99%)
Brix: 0.1% (10.0 to 80.0%)
Temperature: 1°C / 1°F

Measurement accuracy Brix: ±0.1% (based on sucrose solution)
Temperature: ±1°C / ±1°F
Temperaturecompensation range

B38

5.0 to 100.0°C (Automatic Temperature Compensation
range)

Materials in contact
with the solution

Prism: Artificial sapphire
Prism stage: SUS316L

Resistible pressure on
the prism unit

0.98MPa (10kgf/cm2)

Output method

Power supply· Recorder output: DC 4 to 20mA
Any value between Brix 1% through 80% can be set.
Temperature: -15.5 to 160.5˚C = 4 to 20mA
· RS-232C output
DC24V (Allowable fluctuation is ±10%)AC adapter AD-32, AD-33 or AD-34 (optional):
AC 100-240V 50/60HzPower consumption

3VA
IP67 Water resistantAmbient temperature

5 to 40°C

Indication

Brix: -2.0 to 80.5%

International
protection class

SourceLED (Approximating to D-Line wavelength)

Dimensions and weight 16×16.7×11cm, 2.4kg (Main unit only)

Measurement Interval(Same as output interval)

Approx. 1 second per measurement (factory default).
There are 5 options of the interval.

Temperature sensor

Thin film platinum sensor

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition][* 1] DC cables can be ordered up to 5 m. Please inquire for pricing information.

Front (display section)

RS-232C output

φ90(10.8)

3564

Model name(14.1)

Specifications
Cat.No.

148

107

110

• E.G.

CM-800α-PG Cat.No. 3532

Back (detection section)

Side
Within 15m

2
3

1

4

Cord colorPinnumberCord color

1Black 

3

Red 

2

Black / White 

4ShieldPinnumberCord color

2Black TXD

3Black / White 

RXD

Red 

S.GND

Pin
numberCord color

Polarity1

Red 

Brix +

2

Red / White 

Brix -

3Black Temperature +4Black / White 

Temperature -7

Approx. within 5~20m

8SignalFoldWithin about 6 cm

2
1

4

Pin
number5

Recorder output

3

98

In-line Propylene Glycol Monitor

CM-800α-EG Cat.No. 3531

（M6）

In-line Ethylene Glycol Monitor

167

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B39

In-line Refractometer

In-line Refractometer

CM-BASEαIn-line Brix Monitor

check

compatible*(D)only

The material of the wetted part can be custom ordered

Past results: Titanium, Hastelloy etc * Please contact our sales department for details.

compatible

SUS (standard specification)

Titanium

Hastelloy

Stainless steel with high strengthand excellent corrosion resistance.
Sanitary specification.

Metal with high strength, lightweight, corrosion resistance, heat
resistance. In particular, it has
higher corrosion resistance to salt
than the stainless steel.

Alloy with high corrosion resistanceand heat resistance. Especially, it isresistant to hydrochloric acid andsulfuric acid, and it is corrosion
resistant even at high temperature.

Measure the concentration of water-soluble cutting oil etc. continuously· Compact inline model with φ90 mm· Monitor concentrations and mixing ratios

Packing contents

Packing contents· Main unit �������������������� 1· Power and Recorder
output cable ��������������� 1· O-ring (Silicon) ������������ 1· O-ring (EPDM) ������������ 1· Bracket ���������������������� 1· Instruction manual ������ 1· Inspection certificate ��� 1· Main unit �������������������� 1· Power and RS-232C
cable �������������������������� 1· O-ring (Silicon) ������������ 1· O-ring (EPDM) ������������ 1· Bracket ���������������������� 1· Instruction manual ������ 1· Inspection certificate ��� 1

CM-BASEα(A)CM-BASEα(D)* Hastelloy is a trademark of Haines
Corporation, USA.

CM-BASEα Features
Two models are available according
to output method
There are two models CM-BASEα(A) that

Indicator lamp notification
You can see at a glance with indicator lights.
Green: Blinks while zero is being adjusted, andlights during measurement.
Red: Blinks or lights up when an error occurs.

outputs the Brix value with a current of 4 to 20
mA and CM -BASEα(D) that outputs the Brix
value and temperature with RS-232C.

Connector
Power supply (DC24V) connect
input and output cables here.

Bracket included<Front: display section>

Measurement
Items

Brix

Measurement
Range<Back: detection section>

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: 0.0 to 33.0%(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Brix: ±0.5%(at Brix: 0.0 to 33.0%)

Selected for IoT tool and recipe for small
and medium-sized manufacturing industry

A bracket that makes installationeasier on site is included. It canbe installed in any direction, up,
down, left or right.

A tool selected by small and medium-sized
manufacturing industry that can be used easily at
low cost.

Dimensions (unit of length: mm)* For details such as piping list, please refer to “Inline Refractometer Guide.
90

57.9

57.6

81.5

M4 screw

Specifications
Output method

DC 4 to 20mA

CM-BASEα(D)Power supply

DC24V (Allowable fluctuation is ±10%)

Measurement range

Brix: 0.0 to 33.0%

Power consumption

0.6VA

Resolution

Brix: 0.1%

International
protection class

IP64 Water resistantMeasurement accuracy Brix: ±0.5% (at Brix: 0.0 to 33.0%)
Temperaturecompensation range

Dimensions and weight 9×9×5.79cm, 820g (Main unit only)
10 to 50°C

Back (detection section)

Ambient temperature

5 to 40°C

CM-BASEα (A)Indication

Brix: -2.0 to 33.5%

SourceLED (Approximating to D-Line wavelength)

The Brix value is output with a current of 4 to 20 mA DC, and Brix: -2.0 to 33.5%= DC 4 to 20 mA. Cable can be extended by option.

Measurement Interval

Approx. 2 seconds

CM-BASEα (D)Thin film platinum sensor

Brix value is output by RS - 232C. Cable can be extended by option..

Prism: Sapphire
Prism stage: SUS316L

Communications
parameters

Temperature sensor
Materials in contact
with the solution
Resistible pressure on
the prism unit

B40

RS-232C

0.98MPa (10kgf/cm2)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Baud rate: 2400bps
Data length: 7bit

Transmit data
Brix,temperature		

Parity: Even
Stop bit: 1bit
Brix 19.5%
Temp. 20.3°C

57.6

3604

CM-BASEα(A)

88.5

3603

Model name

13

Cat.No.

19.5, 20.3

Cable length: Approx. 2m
2

3

Front (display section)

25

Pin1
4

Side

CM-BASEα(A)3PinnumberCord color

Signal1Red 

DC24V input

2Black / White 

GND (DC4 to 20mA)

3Black GND (DC24V)

4

Red / White 

DC4 to 20mA output

CM-BASEα(D)PinnumberCord color

Signal1Red 

DC24V input

2Black / White 

GND (RS-232C)

3Black GND (DC24V)

4

Red / White 

RS-232C

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B41

In-line Refractometer

In-line Refractometer

CM-BASEβIn-line Brix Monitor

Packing contents

CM-BASEβ(D)· Main unit �������������������� 1· Power and Recorder
output cable ��������������� 1· Instruction manual ������ 1· Inspection certificate ��� 1· Main unit �������������������� 1· Power and RS-232C
cable �������������������������� 1· Instruction manual ������ 1· Inspection certificate ��� 1* Please contact our sales department for details.

CM-BASE β Features· Monitor concentrations and mixing ratios· Power supply and electric output cable are
put together into one

CM-BASEβ(A)The rod length of the mounting part can be custom ordered*(D)only

Concentration monitor that can be used at the edge of the tank

Packing contents

checkcompatible

Two models are available according
to output method
Output of DC 4 to 20 mA which was notpossible with PAN-1 DC though the same
mounting method is possible.
There are two models CM-BASEβ(A) which
outputs Brix value with current value of DC 4 to
20 mA and CM-BASEβ(D) which outputs Brix
value and temperature by RS-232C.

Light body
The material of the body uses light weight anddurable aluminum. Thereby reducing costs. It iseasier to use than ever.

Aluminum

Connector
Power supply (DC24V)
connect input and output
cables here.

Dimensions (unit of length: mm)* For details such as piping list, please refer to “Inline Refractometer Guide.
88.5

φ90

14

57.7

13

<Front: display section><Side>
30°

Brix

Measurement
Range

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: 0.0 to 33.0%(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

φ64

Brix: ±0.5%(at Brix 0.0 to 33.0%)

33

40°

257.7

Measurement
Items

32
200

Specifications
Cat.No.

3616

3626

Power consumption

0.6VA

Model name

CM-BASEβ(A)CM-BASEβ(D)Measurement range

Brix: 0.0 to 33.0%

International
protection class

Resolution

Brix: 0.1%

JIS-C 0920 class 5 sprayer jet type(the prism head part is class 7 water weight)
IEC standard 529 IP 65 (prism head part is IP 67)

Measurement accuracy Brix: ±0.5% (at Brix 0.0 to 33.0%)

B42

Front (display section)

Dimensions and weight 9×9×5.77+20cm, 873g (Main unit only)

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 50°C

CM-BASEβ (A)Ambient temperature

5 to 40°C

The Brix value is output with a current of 4 to 20 mA DC, and Brix: -2.0 to 33.5%= DC 4 to 20 mA. Cable can be extended by option.

Indication

Brix: -2.0 to 33.5%

SourceLED (Approximating to D-Line wavelength)

Measurement Interval

Approx. 2 seconds

Temperature sensor

Thin film platinum sensor

Communications
parameters

Materials in contact
with the solution

Prism: Sapphire
Prism stage: AluminumTransmit data
Brix,temperature		Output method

DC 4 to 20mA

Power supply

DC24V (Allowable fluctuation is ±10%)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Back (detection section)

CM-BASEβ(A)

Side
φ54

CM-BASEβ (D)Brix value is output by RS - 232C. Cable can be extended by option.
Baud rate: 2400bps
Data length: 7bit

Parity: Even
Stop bit: 1bit
Brix 19.5%
Temp. 20.3°C

419.5, 20.3

20

Pin1

Cord color

Signal1Red 

DC24V input

2Black / White 

GND (DC4 to 20mA)

3Black GND (DC24V)

4

Red / White 

DC4 to 20mA output

CM-BASEβ(D)

25
3

2
3

Cable length: Approx. 2m

PinnumberPinnumberCord color

Signal1Red 

DC24V input

2Black / White 

GND (RS-232C)

3Black GND (DC24V)

4

Red / White 

RS-232C

RS-232C

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B43

In-line Refractometer

In-line Refractometer

Digital Immersion Refractometer

PAN-1DCcheck

The rod length of the mounting part can be custom ordered
The PAN-1DC's rod length can be extended up to 120cm in 10cm increments.
* Please contact our sales department for details.

Cat.No.3609 Rod Length: 60cm, 70cm, 80cm, 90cm,
100cm, 110cm, 120cm

Continuous measurement is possible without any special equipment· No special equipment is needed for the set-up· Monitor concentrations and mixing ratios· Changes are not overlooked with constantmanagement* All other specifications are the same as tha PAN-1DC.

PAN-1DC Features
Automatic continuous measurement
allows for continual management

Rugged construction for reliablelong-term performance!

Once START is pressed, the unit continues totake measurements every 35 seconds.

The immersed part is made of SUS 316L
stainless-steel.

Just hook

Simply clip onto the edge of a tank
It can be carried and can be installed just byhooking it on the tank edge. Continuous
measurement is possible without any special
equipment.

Dimensions (unit of length: mm)* For details such as piping list, please refer to “Inline Refractometer Guide.

Choose from 3 options the length best suited for your application.
PAN-1DC· Main unit ��������������������������� 1· Power and RS-232C cable 1· Instruction manual ������������� 1

Measurement
Accuracy

Brix: 0.0 to 42.0%

Brix: ±0.2%

PAN-1DC (L)80

Specifications
Model name / Cat.No.

Measurement range
Resolution

PAN-1DC: 3606
PAN-1DC (M) : 3607
PAN-1DC (L) : 3608
Brix
: 0.0 to 42.0%
Temperature : 10.0 to 99.9°C
Brix: 0.1%
Temperature : 0.1°C

Measurement accuracy Brix
: ±0.2%Temperature : ±0.5°C
Measurement Interval

B44

Automatically measures again in 35 seconds.

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 95°C

Ambient temperature

10 to 45°C

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Output method

RS-232C output

Transmit data

Temperature, Brix
Example) Temperature 20.3°C
Brix 19.5%

* 478
500

600

(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

PAN-1DC (M)80

400

Measurement
Range

* 178
200

Brix

300

Measurement
Items

80

* 278
300

Packing contents* Adjustable height range

20.3, 19.5

Power supply

DC 24V (Allowable fluctuation is ±10%)Power consumption

0.6VA

International protection
class

JIS-C 0920 class 5 sprayer jet type(the prism head part is class 7 water weight)
IEC standard 529 IP 65 (prism head part is IP 67)

Dimensions and weight PAN-1DC: 8.×30×7.2cm, 680g (Main Unit only)
PAN-1DC (M) : 8.×40×7.2cm, 710g (Main Unit only)
PAN-1DC (L) : 8.×60×7.2cm, 780g (Main Unit only)

20

Pin1
4

Cable length: Approx. 2m

25
3

2
3
Red / White Black / White

Connecting the cable to the PAN-1DC's connector located on the side provides power supply (DC24V) input,
as well as Brix value output (via RS-232C). A cable with connector is available as an optional accessory.
The cable can be extended to a custom length of up to 15m. For details, please refer to pg.B32.
Pin number

Cord color

SignalPin number

Cord color

Signal

1

Red 

DC24V

3

Black GND (DC24V)

4

Red / White 

RS-232C

2Black / White 

GND(RS-232C)

1

5
6

9

D-SUB 9-pin
connector solderside

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B45

pH Meter

Moisture Refractometer

Digital pH Meter

Digital Hand-held "Pocket" Moisture Refractometer

Versatile use widely with waterproof design

To those who want to measure water content

DPH-2

PAL-Moisture· The electrode can be washed with tap water· Water soluble cutting oil, Alkaline cleaning liquid, etc.
· Portable unit that can be carried to the factory site·S
 ample volume is 0.3 mL·M easurement time is about 3 seconds· Portable unit that can be carried anywhere

Easy measurement with one hand

About measured values
The moisture scale of this product is
calculated by the following formula.
"Moisture = 100 - Soluble Solid Content"
Simply use it as a moisture meter.

Moisture = 100 – Brix (%)
content

Buffer solution for DPH-2
Part No.
RE-99210

Part name<Buffer solution for pH Meter> pH 4.01

Contents
Approx. 500mL

RE-99212<Buffer solution for pH Meter> pH 7.00

Approx. 500mL

RE-99214<Buffer solution for pH Meter> pH 10.01

Approx. 500mL

NFC Sequential
Equipped Model*Warranty period for these solutions is 10 months

Measurement
Items

pH

Measurement
Range

pH 0.0 to 14.0
(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Measurement
Accuracy

pH ±0.1(pH 2.0 to 12.0)

Specifications

Measurement
Items

Moisturecontent

Measurement
Range

4320

Calibration

3 points (4.0, 7.0 and 10.0)

Cat.No.

4573

Model name

DPH-2

Power supply

4×Watch batteries (LR44)

Model name

PAL-Moisture

Measurement range

pH 0.0 to 14.0

International
protection class

IP67 Water resistantMeasurement range

Moisture content: 7.0 to 100%
Temperature: 10.0 to 100˚C

Dimension and weight

4.5(W)× 3(D) ×16.3(H) cm, 90g (Main unit only)

pH 0.1

Measurement accuracy pH ±0.1 (pH 2.0 to 12.0)
Temperaturecompensation range(Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Measurement
Accuracy

Moisture content: ±0.2%(sucrose solution)

Specifications

Cat.No.

Resolution

Moisture content: 7.0 to 100%

0.0 to 50.0°C (Automatic Temperature Compensation)

Resolution

Moisture content: 0.1%
Temperature: 0.1˚CMeasurement accuracy Moisture content: ±0.2% (sucrose solution)
Temperature: ±1˚C

Temperaturecompensation range

10 to 100˚C

Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚CPower supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

International
protection class

IP65 Water resistantDimension and weight

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

Calibrate at 3 points (pH 4.0, 7.0, 10.0).
However, if the pH value of the sample is 7.1 or higher, it is 2 points of pH 7.0 and pH 1.0, if it is less than 7.0 it can be 2 points of pH 7.0 and pH 4.0.

B46

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B47

Viscometer

Viscometer

VISCO

™

Introducing a New Type of Instrument.
Taking You Beyond the Limits.
· Various selection of measurement· Compact and easily carried with one hand· Quick measurements anywhere

200.0rpm

558.2mPas
Quit

67.4%

Measurement screen

Package A, which includes a specialized adapter for use with disposable containers such as paper
cups, is available at ATAGO.

VISCO™ Package A
Cat.No.6810
VISCO™-895 Package A Cat.No.6830· VISCO™ (Including accessories)· Cup Adapter(with 100pcs cups*) RE-78141
Cup adapter

Paper cup

Plastic cup

Cup adapter setup example

Ultra Low adapter (ULA)

20.0°
C

20.0°
C

Disposable container requires no washing after each measurement.

* 50pcs of paper cups and 50pcs of plastic
cups are included.

The simple display is easily and readily understood.
A fully digital display allows for anyone to quickly andeasily read results.

A1L

Never take glass (on site) ever again

Level adjustment screen

Sample adapter (ULA) which can measure low viscosity of 1 to 2,000 mPa·s
VISCO™ Package B
Cat.No.6811
VISCO™-895 Package B Cat.No.6831· VISCO™ (Including accessories)· Ultra Low adapter (ULA) RE-77120

Packing contents· Main unit
1· Stand1· S Beaker (15mL)
1· L Beaker (100mL)
1· AC adapter1· Spindles (A1, A2 and A3) one each
· Temperature sensor
1· Small volume beaker attachment 1· USB Mini-B cable (1m)
1· 1.5V AA alkaline batteries 4· Instruction manual1· Inspection certificate1· Spindle stand1· Protective cap1
· Carrying case1

Measurement
Items

Viscosity
Torque%Measurement
Range

Viscosity A1 50 to 200,000mPa·s, 50 to 200,000cP
A2 100 to 600,000mPa·s, 100 to 600,000cP
A3 500 to 2,000,000mPa·s, 500 to 2,000,000cP(1mPa·s=1cP)
Torque0.0 to 100.0%

Ultra Low adapter
setup example

One Hand. One Touch. One Button. VISCO™
Set-upPreparation

Measurement

ONE TOUCH™

ONE HAND™

ONE BUTTON™

VISCO is very easy to
set-up. The spindle can be
attached with just one
touch — simply insert thespindle in the instrument.
Absolutely no complicatedset-up required.

Measurement preparation
can easily be done withjust one hand. Place thebeaker underneath thepre-set area and place theinstrument on the stand.
No troublesome heightadjustment necessary.

Operation requires only one
dial button. All operations
can be performed with thesimple act of "sliding" or"pushing" the dial button.
No more accidental
operations due to pushing
the wrong button.

Optional Accessories
Part No.

Specifications
Cat.No.

6800

6820

Model

VISCO™

VISCO™-895 *Measurement
Range

Resolution

Viscosity: A1 50 to 200,000mPa·s, 50 to 200,000cP
A2 100 to 600,000mPa·s, 100 to 600,000cP
A3 500 to 2,000,000mPa·s, 500 to 2,000,000cP(1mPa·s=1cP)
Torque: 0.0 to 100.0%(recommended torque : 10.0 to 100.0%)
Temperature : 0.0 to 100.0°C / 32.0 to 212.0°F
Viscosity: lower than 100mPa·s : 0.01mPa·s
100mPa·s or higher lower than
10,000mPa·s : 0.1mPa·s
10,000mPa·s or higher : 1mPa·s
Torque: Lower than 10% : 0.01%
10% or higher : 0.1%
Temperature : 0.1°C / 0.1°F

Measurement Accuracy Viscosity: ±1% of Maximum Viscosity
Temperature : ±0.2°C / ±0.4°F
Speed

0.5 to 250 rpm, Number of speeds : 20

Sample Temperature Range 10.0 to 40.0°C / 50.0 to 104.0°F
Ambient Temperature

10 to 40°C

Computer Output

Output : USB - PC

Power Supply

DC6V (AA alkaline batteries 1.5V × 4)
AC adapter : AC100 to 240V, 50 / 60Hz

Part name

Part No.

Part name< Container >< Spindle >RE-79100

Beaker S (0.5oz/15mL)

RE-77104

A1 Spindle

RE-79101

Beaker L (0.5oz/15mL)

RE-77105

A2 Spindle

RE-78141

Cup Adapter (with 100pcs cups)

RE-77106

A3 Spindle* 50pcs of paper cups and 50pcs of plastic cups are included.

RE-77114

A1 Spindle 5pcs

RE-79102

Paper Cup (90mL, 100pcs)

RE-77115

A2 Spindle 5pcs

RE-79103

Plastic Cup (90mL, 100pcs)

RE-77116

A3 Spindle 5pcs

< Ultra Low Adapter (ULA)>

RE-77100Set of spindles (A1,A2,A3)

RE-77120

Ultra Low Adapter (ULA)Sample Adapter for Low Viscosity Sample• Sample cylinder• Cylinder holder• Hook• Hook holder• UL spindle• UL stand• Extension (threaded tip)

< Viscosity Standard Liquid >RE-89030

Viscosity Standard Liquid 2

100mL

RE-89031

Viscosity Standard Liquid 5

100mL

RE-89036

Viscosity Standard Liquid 200

100mL

RE-89037

Viscosity Standard Liquid 500

100mL

Battery Life (Approx.)

Approx. 7 hours (continuous operation at 60rpm)

Materials

Housing: SUS, Aluminum ·Housing, legs, and stand +Legs, and stand + screw: SUS screw: Aluminum

RE-77107

UL spindle (with hook and hook holder)

RE-89038

Viscosity Standard Liquid 1000

100mL

RE-77121

Sample cylinder (with cap and o-ring)

RE-89039

Viscosity Standard Liquid 2000

100mL

Dimensions and weight 12×12×20cm, 1.2kg (Main unit 12×12×20cm, 895g (Main unitonly), Stand+screw : 0.5kg
only), Stand+screw : 275g
Small volume beaker
Small volume beakerattachment: 0.1kg
attachment: 0.1kg

RE-77117

UL spindle 3pcs (with hook, hook holder, UL spindle 3pcs)* Standard liquid with JCSS calibration certificates are available (JS2.5 to
JS160000). Contact ATAGO for further details.

< Temperature sensor >RE-75540

Temperature sensor* The body, legs and stage of the VISCO™-895 are made from light-weight aluminum.

B48

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B49

Refractometer

Refractometer/Brix Meter

Digital Hand-held “Pocket” Refractometer- Refractive Index

Abbe Refractometer

For liquid managed by refractive index

Reliable instruments used in research room,laboratories, etc.

PAL-RI

DR-A1-Plus· Sample volume is 0.3 mL· Measurement time is about 3 seconds· Portable unit that can be carried around thefactory·D igital display·C ompatible with dark colored samples

Circulate constant temperaturewater around the prism section(Option)Circulating ConstantTemperature Bath60-C5
A circulating water bath for precise temperature control ofrefractometers without Peltier. The temperature range canbe set from 10 to 60°C and its compact, easy to use
design makes it optimal for connecting to a refractometer.

NFC Equipped
Model

Cat.No.
1923
Model name60-C5
Tank capacity
1.0 L
Temperature setting
10 to 60°C (water)
range
Minimum temperature 0.1°C
indication
Constant-temperature ±0.2°C
accuracy
Power consumption
250VA
Power supply
AC 100 to 240V , 50/60Hz
Dimensions and weight 204×336×289mm,
9.0kg (main unit only)
Refarence: RI = Refractive Index (nD)

Measurement
Items

Refractive Index

Measurement
Range

Refractive Index:
1.3306 to 1.5284

Measurement
Accuracy

Refractive Index:±0.0003 (water at 20°C)

Specifications
Cat.No.

3850

Model name

PAL-RI

Measurement range

Refractive Index : 1.3306 to 1.5284
Temperature : 5.0 to 45.0˚C

Resolution

Refractive Index : 0.0001
Temperature : 0.1˚CMeasurement
Items

RI
Brix

Measurement
Range

RI : 1.3000 to 1.7100
Brix : 0.0 to 100.0%

Measurement
Accuracy

RI : ±0.0002
Brix : ±0.1%

Specifications
Measurement accuracy Refractive Index : ±0.0003% (Water at 20°C)
Temperature : ±1°C
Ambient temperature

10 to 40˚CPower supply

Size AAA alkaline battery × 2

Cat.No.

1311

Model name

DR-A1-Plus

Measurement range

Refractive Index (nD) : 1.3000 to 1.7100
Brix: 0.0 to 100.0% (ATC is executed
at 5 within 50°C)

Resolution

Refractive Index (nD) : 0.0001
Brix: 0.1%

International protection class IP65 Water resistantDimension and weight

5.5(W)× 3.1(D) ×10.9(H) cm, 100g (Main unit only)

Measurement accuracy Refractive Index (nD) : ±0.0002
Brix: ±0.1%
Measurement temperature 5 to 50˚C

B50

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Ambient temperature

5 to 40˚C

Output(1) Digital Printer DP-63(C) (Optional)(2) Communication system: RS-232C

Power supply

AC adapter (100 to 240V (50/60Hz) AC input)

Power consumption

16VA

Dimension and weight

13×29×31cm, 6.0kg (main unit)
10.5×17.5×4cm, 0.7kg (AC adapter)

Just by aligning the refraction boundary line with the cross line,
the refractive index and Brix are digitally displayed together withthe temperature on the display.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B51

Refractometer/Brix Meter

Refractometer/Brix Meter
5 measurement modes to pick the best way to measure your sample

Automatic Digital Refractometor

RX-5000i-Plus
The most accurate digital refractometers in the world· ATAGO's Flagship, Most Accurate and Full Range.
· Experience the ease of touch-screen technology.
· Programmable User Scale.

The measurement method, time taken, repetitions, and target temperature willvary with each mode
MODE-1

MODE-2

Displays the measurement value once thesample reaches the target temperature.

Measures Refractive Index andtemperature at fixed intervals and displays
the estimated measurement value at thetarget temperature.

MODE-3
Provides an option to turn the thermomodule off. Without temperature control,
the measurement value is displayed 4
seconds after the START key is pressed.

MODE-S

MODE
W

MODE

1
2

1
3

000
000

n NUMBER OF

01

sec.

TARGET TEMP.

MEASUREMENTS

MODE-T

WAIT TIME

OFF
ON

20.00

Equipped only on the RX-5000i-Plus,
MODE-T is recommended for users whoplace importance on obtaining highly
repeatable results (Brix 0.001%).

Displays the measurement value once acertain level of sample stability is achieved.

Measurement history

User scales

Recall the last 500 measurements

Input original scales

Exporting data to a USB drive or printer is only one touchaway. The RX-i series is also equipped with a RS-232C port
for direct computer connection.

In addition to the “refractive index(nD)” and “Brix” scales,
concentration scales for specificsamples can easily configured.
Simply program 3 to 4 data points
corresponding to refractive index
values and concentration.

OCT. 1, 2016

10:15

FIX
009 OCT. 1, 2013 10:14
008 OCT. 1, 2013 10:12
007 OCT. 1, 2013 10:10

FDA 21 CFR Part11 Software

PRESENTHISTORYnD

OUT OF RANGE 20.00

nD
nD

OUT OF SCALE 20.00
OUT OF WATER 20.00

006 OCT. 1, 2013 10:10 ZERO ZERO SET END
005 OCT. 1, 2013 10:09 Brix
10.005004 OCT. 1, 2013 10:09 Brix
10.030003 OCT. 1, 2013 10:09 Brix
10.020

25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00

002 OCT. 1, 2013 10:07
001 OCT. 1, 2013 10:07

Brix
Brix

10.02010.040

25.00
25.00

000 OCT. 1, 2013 10:05

Brix

10.00525.00

Software for compliance with 21 CFR Part
11 requirements on electronic records andelectronic signatures.
Cat.No.3167

USER SCALE DATA
SALT
1
2
3
4
5

USB

ALL

ERROR
DATA FULLRESULT
100%

PRINT

nD

DATA

1.33299
1.34177
1.35053
1.35937
1.36841

0.000
5.000
10.00015.00020.000

UNIT

Intake fan

Printer port

Power port Power switch

CLEAR

g/100g
%vol
%mas
mol/l
g/100ml%

Exhaust fan(bottom) USB flash drive port USB port for computer

Measurement
Items

Refractive Index (nD)
Brix

Measurement
Range

Refractive Index (nD) : 1.32422 to 1.58000
Brix: 0.000 to 100.000%

Specifications
Cat.No.

3275

Model name

RX-5000i-Plus

Measurement system

Optical-refraction critical-angle detection system

Measurement range

Resolution

Refractive Index (nD) : 1.32422 to 1.58000
Brix: 0.000 to 100.000% (ATC)User scale: 100
Refractive Index (nD) : 0.00001
Brix: 0.001%
Temperature: 0.01°C

Measurement accuracy Refractive Index (nD) : ±0.00002 *±0.00001(*repeatability)
Brix: ±0.010% *±0.010%
Temperature: ±0.05°C

B52

Mode

MODE-S, 1, 2, 3, T

Constant temperature
setting range

5.00 to 75.00°C (No lower than 10°C below or higher
than 55°C above the ambient temperature)

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Environmental operating Temperature 5 to 40°C; Humidity 90%RH and below,
conditions
Altitude 2,000m above sea level
Display method7.5-inch color LCD + touch screen

OutputComputer - USB, Printer and PC (via RS-232C)

Light source

LED (Approximating to D-Line wavelength)

Materials

Prism : Synthetic sapphire
Sample stage : SUS316

Power supply

AC100 to 240V 50/60HzPower consumption

90VA

Dimensions and weight 37×26×14cm, 6.6kg (main unit only)
Measurement accuracy
When measuring a sucrose solution of up to 50% Brix or standard refractive index
solution in MODE-1 at 20°C
Refarence: ATC = Automatic Temperature Compensation

Operator specific security features help protect the device

When using multiple units…

4 security levels andability to set up to 5
password-protected
profilesManual calibration

OCT. 1, 2016

System-level function to limit
usage combined withpassword protection to givecontrol of the device’s security.

With the manual calibration feature,measurement values can be adjusted
to be consistent within accuracy
when using 2 or more units.

Calibration certificate
A calibration certificate can be ordered with each
instrument for an additional charge. Please contact your
ATAGO representative for further details.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B53

Refractometer/Brix Meter

Refractometer/Brix Meter

RX-007αAutomatic Digital Refractometor

The RX-007α is suitable for measuring water soluble samples with very
low concentration (5.000% or less) at a very high accuracy of ±0.005%.
· Measured with high accuracy (± 0.005%)· Ideal for management of low concentration
aqueous solutions such as anti-rust agents· Thermo module (thermostat) installed

2 measurement modes to choose from to measure the sample in the best way
MODE-1 For maximum accuracy, MODE-2 For fast results
MODE-1

MODE-2

Displays the measurement value once thesample reaches the target temperature.

Measures Refractive Index andtemperature at fixed intervals and displays
the estimated measurement value at thetarget temperature.

Measurement history

User scales

Recall the last 30 measurements

Input original scales

The measurement results
can be checked
immediately.
Print with a touch of abutton. Printer can beselected from either
thermal or printer.
Thermal and dot matrix
printing options areavailable.
The data result can be
outputted to PC. With
RS-232C cable, input andoutput communication ispossible to a PC.
Connection with USB ispossible with RS-232C/
USB cable. Equipped withFDA 21 CFR Part 11
supporting software.

In addition to the “refractive index(nD)” and “Brix” scales,
concentration scales for specificsamples can easily configured.
Simply program 3 to 4 data points
corresponding to refractive index
values and concentration.

FDA 21 CFR Part11 Software
Software for compliance with 21 CFR Part
11 requirements on electronic records andelectronic signatures.
Cat.No.3167

When using multiple units…
Intake fan

RS-232C output port Power port Power switch

Exhaust fan(bottom)

Printer port

Manual calibration
With the manual calibration feature,measurement values can be
adjusted to be consistent within
accuracy when using 2 or moreunits.

Built-in Peltier Thermo-module
Automatic measurement
when set temperature isreachedCalibration certificate
Measurement
Items

Refractive Index (nD)
Brix

Measurement
Range

Refractive Index (nD) : 1.330150 to 1.341500
Brix: 0.000 to 5.000%

A calibration certificate can be ordered with each
instrument for an additional charge. Please contact your
ATAGO representative for further details.

Simple measurement by just placing
the sample on the prism andpressing the button. It is equippedwith a thermos-module (thermostat
function), no circulating water bathis necessary. Measurement starts
automatically after reaching the set
temperature.

Specifications
Cat.No.

3921

Model nameRX-007α

Constant temperature
setting range

Measurement system

Optical-refraction critical-angle detection system

Measurement range

Refractive Index (nD) : 1.330150 to 1.341500
Brix: Brix : 0.000 to 5.000%(Automatic Temperature
Compensation is executed at
5 to 50°C)

User scale
Resolution: 30

Refractive Index (nD) : 0.000001
Brix: 0.001%
Temperature: 0.01°C

Measurement accuracy Refractive Index (nD) : ±0.000010 (at 20°C)(under specified ambient
temperature and constanttemperature)
Brix: ±0.005% *Temperature: ±0.05°C
Mode

B54

15.00 to 30.00°C(The lower limit is the room temperature -5°C)

Optional Accessories

Environmental operating Using temperature:15 to 30°C,
conditions
humidity: Max.90%RH
Display method

LCD with illuminating backlight

OutputPrinter and PC (via RS-232C)

Light source

LED (Approximating to D-Line wavelength)

Materials

Prism : Optical glass
Sample stage : SUS316

Power supply

AC100 to 240V 50/60HzPower consumption

65VA

Dimensions and weight 37×26×14cm, 6.7kg (Main unit only)Key CoverPart No. RE-58120
Prevent accidental system changes by covering all
but the START and ZERO keys.

*H owever, at ambient temperature of 15°C, constant temperature of 15°C, 20°C
At ambient temperature of 20°C., constant temperature of 15°C., 20°C., 25°C.
At ambient temperature 25°C, constant temperature 20°C, 25°C
Environmental temperature 30°C and constant temperature 25°C (MODE-1)

MODE-1, 2

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B55

OPTIONSPAL

RX series customization
Compatible to strong acids andchemical samples

Cover Plate
Body casePAL-casePAL-Silicone CoverStrapMAGIC™

Part No. RE-39409

Part No. RE-39413

Part No. RE-39410

Part No. RE-39446

Sample stage: PTFE+
Teflon® coating example

 mall Volume Sample
S
Adapter

Sample stage· Special coatings (PEEK, Teflon ®, etc.)· Custom materials (Hastelloy ®)Part No. RE-39447

RX

The wetted parts can be customized with materials that areresistant to corrosive chemicals, such as acids, bases, andsolvents.

Body case

Sample stage

PAN· Special coatings (PEEK, PTFE, etc.)
Sample stage:
PEEK coated example

Cover plate· Custom materials (PVC resin, fluorine resin, etc.)
Teflon ® is a registered trademark of DuPont, USA.
Hastelloy ® is a registered trademark of Haynes Corporation, USA.

Digital Printers
MAGIC™ (Metal)

MAGIC™ (Resin)Part No. RE-56180

Part No. RE-56185

 an filter replacementF(a set of 12)

Cable with incl. connector for PAN-1DC

Part No. RE-58001

A cable with an included 9 pin D-sub connector for
RS-232C output and AC adapter for power supply(DC24V) input. Standard length is 2m. Cable can beextended up to 15m.

Part No. RE-75101

CM series

Model name / Cat.No.

Intended modelsPowerconsumption

Power supply

Dimensions andweight• Thermal printers
DP-RX

Cat.No.3121

RX-α series

DP-63

Cat.No.3118

RX-i series

DP-63(C)Cat.No.3136

DR-A1-Plus

AC adapter(Input voltage : AC100 to 240V)

13VA

17×16×7cm, 580g
(main unit only)

AC adapter(Input voltage : AC100 to 240V)

7VA

11×18×9cm, 470g
(main unit only)• Dot matrix printers
DP-RD

Cat.No.3122

RX-α series

DP-AD

Cat.No.3123

RX-i series

Sucrose Solutions (for calibration) · Standard Liquids · Test Pieces
 racket for
B
CM-BASEαPart No. RE-67500
It is a bracket to attach
CM-BASEα on thewall etc.

Stand for CM-800α

US-α

AC adapter (CM series only)Part No. RE-8607

The picture is an example of theactual in-line Brix monitor(CM-800α) and the AC adapter,
AD-32 mounted on the stand.

Cat.No.3527 AD-32 (AC100V)
Cat.No.3528 AD-33 (AC110-120V)
Cat.No.3529 AD-34 (AC220-240V)

Cat.No.9112-1 For 1S fitting
Cat.No.9112-2 For 2S fitting
Cat.No.9112-3 For 3S fitting

Used to convert AC100 to DC24V and to supply
power.

Prevents adhesion of prism
surface. It is possible to replacewith the mounting position of
conventional piping.

Consumable Parts For In-line Monitor
Parts No. Name
RE-68100 O-ring (Silicon)
RE-68115 O-ring (EPDM)
RE-68002 O-ring (Viton)
RE-67508

Manual prism wiper
RE-67590
Manually wipe the adhesion on
the prism face.

B56

 onnector withC
manual prism wiper
RE-67591 Hose Connector 12mmΦ
RE-67592 Compression Fitting 10mmΦ

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

Description
O-ring used to connect
the sample inlet unit to
the prism stage unit.

* These items should bemonitored and replaced asnecessary. To place anorder, please contact an
Authorized ATAGODistributor.

Cable For In-line Monitor
Parts No. Name
RE-65374 Recorder output cable (5m)
RE-65375 Recorder output cable (10m)
RE-65376 Recorder output cable (15m)
RE-65377 Recorder output cable (20m)
RE-65378 Recorder output cable (Length customizable)
RE-5677 RS-232C output cable with 25 pin D-sub connector (15m)
RE-65330 RS-232C output cable with 9 pin D-sub connector (15m)
RE-5647 RS-232C output cable with 25 pin D-sub connector (Length customizable within 15m)
RE-65331 RS-232C output cable with 9 pin D-sub connector (Length customizable within 15m)
RE-65110 Cable for CM-BASE

Sucrose Solutions

Standard Liquids< Analog Hand-held, PAL, PR-α,NAR, RX series (excluding RX-007α) >Part No.
RE-99010
RE-9325

Part No.
RE-110010
RE-110020
RE-110030
RE-110040
RE-110050
RE-110060

Part Name
Contents
10% Sucrose Solution (±0.03%)
Approx. 5mL
20% Sucrose Solution (±0.03%)
Approx. 5mL
30% Sucrose Solution (±0.03%)
Approx. 5mL
40% Sucrose Solution (±0.04%)
Approx. 5mL
50% Sucrose Solution (±0.05%)
Approx. 5mL
60% Sucrose Solution (±0.05%)
Approx. 5mL
Warranty period: 6 weeks from date of manufacture. *1< For high precision RX series (excluding RX-007α) >Part No.
RE-111001
RE-112001
RE-113001
RE-114002
RE-115002

Part Name
Contents
Standard Liquid LK
Approx. 5mLStandard Liquid LG
Approx. 5mL
Warranty period: 1 year from date of manufacture. *1

Test Piece
Part No.
RE-1195
RE-1197

Part Name
Test Piece A (nD 1.516)
Test Piece C (nD 1.620)* Monobromonaphthalene (4mL) standard included

Part Name
Contents
10% Sucrose Solution (±0.01%)
Approx. 5mL
20% Sucrose Solution (±0.01%)
Approx. 5mL
30% Sucrose Solution (±0.01%)
Approx. 5mL
40% Sucrose Solution (±0.02%)
Approx. 5mL
50% Sucrose Solution (±0.02%)
Approx. 5mL
Warranty period:10 days from date of manufacture. *1< For low concentration RX series >Part No.
RE-110250
RE-110500
RE-111000

Part Name
Contents
0.25% Sucrose Solution (±0.005%)
Approx. 5mL
0.50% Sucrose Solution (±0.005%)
Approx. 5mL
1.00% Sucrose Solution (±0.005%)
Approx. 5mL
Warranty period: 6 weeks from date of manufacture. *1*1 Warranty period may vary depending on storage conditions.

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B57

User Testimonials

Feedback from customers using ATAGO products.

Pocket Refractometer
Cutting Oil &Digital pH Meter user

PAL-102S
DPH-2

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]&

We are metalworking company that process metals using
machine tools. The processed goods are used as parts forautomobiles and electrical products.
When metal material is cut with a machine tool, heat is
generated by friction. Therefore, cutting oil is continuously
applied to the part to be cut with the blade to cool the heat.
Some craftworkers refer to cutting oil as "coolant", which literallymeans "cooling liquid." Another reason for using cutting oil is for
lubrication. To smoothly craft metallic material with a blade,cutting oil is continuously applied to the blade as a lubricant.
Cutting oil can either be water-soluble or water-insoluble and it ischosen depending on the purpose of processing and the person
in charge, but we use water-soluble cutting oil. Several types ofwater-soluble cutting oils are purchased and used separately foreach metal material (brass, aluminum, stainless steel, etc.).
The water-soluble cutting oil is purchased as a concentrate
where water is added to it. The majority of the time it is diluted
to 3 to 10%, and it's changed somewhat depending on themetal material, difficulty of processing, processing time, andblade condition. We use PAL-102S to measure this concentration
to keep proper concentration with PAL-102S. On the other hand,when cutting oil is stored in the tank and used repeatedly, thequality of cutting oil changes little by little. As the change
progresses, the hands touching the oil may get rough or the oil
may deteriorate, causing odors. Of course, this also affects theprocessing state. In order to grasp the change in the solution,
pH is measured. For water-soluble cutting oil, pH 8.5 to 9.0 iscommon, and when it exceeds this range, we are replacing oil in
the tank.

PAL-102S

B58

Abbe Refractometer

Metal Processing K Company

DPH-2

Digital Refractometer User

NAR-2T
RX-7000i

Lubricant Oil Production Company S
At our company, the refractive index is measured as one ofmanufacturing inspection criteria (quality control) of lubricating
oil.
There are many types of lubricating oil depending on refining
process and application. Also, the nature of the oil varies
depending on its type. Therefore, quality inspection after
production of lubricating oil is very important, and mistakes are
not allowed. There are several quality inspection items, such as
density in addition to the refractive index, but the refractive
index is convenient because it can be easily measured in a shorttime. Depending on the type of lubricant, the melting point is ashigh as 40°C 70°C, and the refractive index may be measured
not only at 20°C 25°C but also at 40°C or 70°C. Conventionally, it
is measured with an Abbe refractometer NAR-2T for hightemperature measurement and a circulating constanttemperature bath. For measurement at 70°C, silicone oil iscirculated around the prism part of the Abbe refractometer,
NAR-2T. In addition, many types of lubricating oil are dark incolor. This makes it difficult to see the refraction field (boundaryline) with an Abbe refractometer.
Recently, a digital refractometer RX-7000i has also been
installed and is used in combination with the Abbe
refractometer. The RX-7000i can measure up to 75°C. The
temperature on RX-7000i is not controlled by circulating constanttemperature bath rather, electronic heating and cooling device
around the prism part that controls the temperature making
temperature adjustment much more easily done. Furthermore,when oil is placed on the prism and measurement key ispressed, measurement is carried out automatically and therefractive index is displayed, so it is possible to measure darkcolored oil with confidence. We will continue to use Abbe
refractometer NAR-2T in conjunction with digital refractometer
RX-7000i, but the frequency of using RX-7000i may become
more due to its ease of use.

NAR-2T

Please turn over and flip upside down from the next page.

RX-7000i

Perfect Oil Guide [Industrial Edition]

B59