Role of forest monitoring in DRC- Results of JICA project-

REDD+ international seminarTokyo
KEI SUZUKI

JAFTAJICA project area

• The land area is about six times that of Japan• Forest area is about 154 million ha (about 4% of theworld's forests, about 1/4 of the African continent's forest)• It has a tropical forest next to the Amazon and is also said
to be one lung of the earthGlobal Scheme of DIAF / JICA Project
Remotesensing

Coherence of forest
types

NFMSForest
inventory
Forest inventory data in Mai-Ndombe,Kwilu and Kwango
Developed forest inventory methodology
Modality for calculating emission factors
Manuals on these modalities
Technology transfer to DIAF stuff

2010 basic forest map of Bandundu with highresolution images
Validated and harmonized forest types
Detection of changes through the analysis ofLandsat images at different times (1995,2000, 2010, and 2014)Forest cover map reflecting detected changes(2000, 2010, 2014)
Calculation modality for Activity Data
(surface area of forest changes)
Manual relating to analysis of images andchange detection modality
Technological transfer of these modalities toDIAF staff

DB
Coherence ofinventoried items

Inventory DB with MS Access (Date input
interface integrating all inventory items)
Geodatabase with ArcGIS (including datasaving modality)
Manuals on these modalities
Technology transfer to DIAF staff

Contribution to development of the SNSF (development ofthe sub-national level to the national level)

Development of Activity Data

Historical forest cover data
1995
2000
2010
2014

5

Results in Phase 3Classification for FRELForêtClassification pour ALOS AVNIR-2 (10m)(carte de base de l'année 2010)
1 Forêt dense humide sur terre fermeForêt dense humide sur sol2hydromorphe
3 Forêt secondaireClassification pour Landsat (30m)(1995, 2000, pet 2014)
1 Forêt dense humide sur terre fermeForêt dense humide sur sol
2hydromorphe
3 Forêt secondaire

4 Forêt sèche / Forêt claire

4 Forêt sèche / Forêt claireNon-forêtMosaïque terres cultivées /5 végétation naturelle (herbacée ouarbustive)
6 Savane arborée
7 Savane arbustive
8 Savane herbeuse / Prairie
9 Prairie aquatique
10 Cultures
11 Agglomération
12 Zone d’eau
13 Nuage
14 Ombre du nuage
65REL/FRELForêt denseForêt secondaireForêt sèche / ForêtclaireMosaïque terres cultivées / végétation
naturelle (herbacée ou arbustive)

6 Savane arborée
7 Savane arbustive/herbeuse / Prairie
8 Prairie aquatique
9 Cultures
10 Agglomération
11 Zone d’eau
12 Nuage
13 Ombre du nuage

Non-ｆorêtMethodology Material• Landsat images
20 scenes x 4 time points = 80images• 2010 year’s base map

Analysis of the behavior of deforestation
1995-2000

2000-20102010-2014

Expressed in grids of 20km x 20km
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Activity data: Deforestation, forest degradation and gain of the former Bandundu

Change type
Deforestation

Degradation

Gain

Change
FD-NF
FS-NFFSC-NF
Total
FD-FS
FD-FSCFS-FSC
Total
NF-FD
NF-FS
NF-FSCFS-FD
FSC-FD
FSC-FS
Total

AD (ha/yr)
1995-2000 2000-2010 2010-2014 Total (95-14)
18,713
16,362
21,477
18,0587,534
4,300
20,297
8,519
5,510
3,265
5,558
4,339
31,75723,92847,33330,915
5,883
9,093
20,755
10,703
23
92
1120
20
6
5,925
9,103
20,757
10,720
278
731
1,338
739
248
544
13,719
3,240
35
520
16
1,311
1,100
492
1,02781
48046
12939
1,965
2,437
15,572
5,078
9

Development of Emission Factor

Sample data collection and ground truth
Ground truth in north

Ground truth in south

kilomètre

11

Methodology of forest inventory The sampling method is systematic andstratified

Majority forest areas (dense moist forestand swamp forest) Plots are taken in cluster (clusters aresampling units)

Dry forest and savannah zone

12

Number of sampling units inventoried
Number of SU finished up to the end of phase 2Zone

Typemajorit
y forest
area

Dense moistforest

420

24

Swamp forest-66

Dry forestand savannahwith woodyvegetation

627

33

Total

105363Mixedzone©Japan Forest Technology Association

Ph. 1 Ph. 2 Total

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Stock by stratum and Emission Factor
Table : Stock by stratum
Biomass(t ha-1)

Forest type

Carbon(t ha-1)

CO2(t ha-1)Dense moist forest (Forêt dense humide (FD))

372.34175.00641.67

Secondary forest (Forêt secondaire (SD))

259.12121.79446.55

Dry forest / open forest (Forêt sèche / forêt
Claire (FSC))

78.17

36.75

134.75

Non forest (Non forêt (NF))

27.84

13.08

47.98

Table : Emission Factor of deforestation and forest degradation
Change type
Deforestation

Degradation

Change type

CO2 (=EF)FD-NF

593.69FS-NF

398.57

FSC-NF

86.77

FD-FS

195.12

FD-FSC506.92

FS-FSC

311.80EF = (Quantity of CO2 after conversion) - (Quantity of CO2 before conversion)
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Establishment of database

Development of data input interface is accomplished16

Data processing capacities are enhanced
Field survey

Collected data

Data stored in DB

Dendrometric
data

Field noteRaw data

GPS data

Pictures

Shape file, access
map and plot
location

Picture offorest
17
condition

Construction of FREL/FRLCO2 Emission• Calculer l’émission et le NERF au moyen de ladonnée d’activité et du facteur d’émission

Danilo Mollicone, FAO
19

General information about the provinces• Mai-Ndombe Forest area (dense moist forest and swampforest)
 Forest cover rate : 71%• Kwilu Tributary of its median position between
forest area and savannah area. From North
to South, the landscape of this provincechanges from forest to savanna
 Rate of forest cover : 21%• Kwango
 Savannah area (Savannah, gallery forestand Miombo forest are distributed)
 Rate of forest cover: 30%
20

CO2 emission, Ex-Bandundu
Proportion of Annual Forest Area Change from 1995 to 2014 -0.20%

Deorestation trend
Degradation trend
Gain trend21

CO2 emission, Kwilu
Proportion of Annual Forest Area Change from 1995 to 2014
-0.39 %

Deforestation trend22

CO2 emission estimates• Estimates (period from 1995 to 2014)23

National FREL/FRL in DRC
Historical annual emissions (2000 - 2014) andprojected emissions during the accounting period

Achievements of JICA Project JICA successfully develop national forest monitoring
system in sub-national scale and it has been impacted toNFMS and contribute to FREL/FRL submission
 Applying collected data, JICA developed sub-national
FREL/FRL JICA will address to improve forest monitoring and forest
governance by applying our assets including JJ-FAST.
 JICA will shift to project level activities and realize
emission reduction in Kwilu province.

What is roles of forest monitoringin different implementation scale?

Expectation for project by approach types
Approach type 1
 National FREL/FRL dose not exist
 Project scale REDD+ put in place as a demonstration
 Project scale FREL/FRL shall be influenced to national
FREL/FRL
Approach type 2
 National FREL/FRL dose exisit
 Project scale REDD+ put in place as implementation
 Project scale FREL/FRL shall be followed nationalFREL/FRL

Current stats of FREL/FRL submission

Approach 2 is themost likely case inthe future.

What is the role offorest monitoring atthe project level?
©厚切りジェーソン

Necessary items to be monitored under REDD+
Monitoring items

NFMS

Deforestation◎

Degradation of forest○Forest Improvement△

Bio-diversity△

Policy and measures△Lively hood
improvement

×Project◎○

Discussion
 Increase the submission of FREL/REL to UNFCCC in tropical forest
countries which have high expectation to REDD+.
 Development of FREL/REL as trial at the project level REDD+ activities
were achieved. However, it is necessary to re-recognize the roles offorest monitoring.
 Under circumstances that REDD+ activities shift to implementation
phase, it is expected to collect important information for REDD+,
which is not able to collect national level forest monitoring.
 These above points will connect to add values of project itself.
 Let’s discus the roles of forest monitoring in different scale such as
national, sub-national, local administration, or project !!