῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏ ῌῌP VQW& ,-R S T U   +  +   semi-arid  sub-humid     !" #$%&' ()*+ ,-./ 012345 65! 789  ): ";*< $*< =>"?@ A$  BCD Keay+323

EFG  '! G H

IJK LMJ NNOPQJP

KR#$SIB =>"?@ $*< TUSRV JPK WKXYZ[ \ nut kernel R]^_Z`aKLb
cdefdeUS g EOPChZPKHij keNRl mSIhnJ o RUaDdePkCSOL
]R!" +*+/ m ij Ne R ,/ m

# kHi $%& 'p(q)r* +323 Rs+JPK %Rt u, - NLR. v + !" Ruj/w xjywzwCHj/Kj 0{| }| U~|CDKKC|jIe 12j&"RRJJK[L 3eL j 4JPe ]wQ 5RK(^67
ePKP K 6R8 /  / iKR98Z PKP :;RJP <OL=jRKOPK Z[>K2 FjJg R
+ -*.* mj?ZC

v + @ +J~X A@ RBdj /2 cm CR -. cm  !" R + m\jRKOPKj  R ,m\Z`kHi \R0 ¡ e_ZD /*ῌ`ak_R¢ E FG H £dePK US I_q)jUaDCKfLb w £Ji ¤IJLiKR¥L¦Gde§JPR Butyrospermum paradoxum, B. paradoxum subsp. parkii, B. parkii,Vitellaria paradoxa jEw¨ej US H B. niloticum, Bassia parkii CDj0©$ªde « : (Shea) butter tree, bambouk butter tree galam butter tree,dry-zone oak, ruby wood M : karite, arbre a beurre ¬ : kadanya ­'&® , kareje 2® , emi, emi-emi, emi-gidi ¯® , osisi ;°+® , lulu
2%® CDi: #$ SIFG

 FG &±

LKwS²³

 +*,*ῐN j NJPKR +++.ῐN de

Ie2´µ¶OR!"

Sumihiko Asakawa : Silvics of Tropical Trees (,-) Shea Butter Tree· ¸¹+º»¼6

PQ ½ No. /, ῍,**+῎71ῌῌ ῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎῎ Butyrospermum Paradoxum   
IPGRI-DFSC NewsLetter - March +331 0**+,/** mm   -** mm  !"#$% +,2** mm &'"#$( )*+ ,-. 2**+,*** mm "/0 .2 1234! 567
89 ,.-, :; ,+ :< -0 "/04!
: ;=>?@' AB%CDE4FGHIJ0K L<FG"?MNOP0QRSTU' VW'RXYZ[\]^ _K `aNbZ !GcdQE4e-'f gZ\]^f!
hiZj< /**+,/** m "/04!
: kVld0Q2!Qmnog[pq rst!uvw%xygz{zvwt!"#$(@| }~f uvwFGd! ?@
4!"#$g mnogJm 2!Qog rst!g z{zvwt


:PQu !u >?@  Parkia africana ['#"t! ?4L[F' u 8

_J0+23IQ  ῌ : +,,* 5?P  ¡¢5£ ! ¤¥2 +, 1J . 1]4 ¦K4!§P' ¨©ª(«¤¥¬¨©ª ­®"¯° ±²ª[³E4! PJF´µ72¶ · > ¸ No. /, ῌ,**+῍ῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐῐ ῌ
ῌ+**+/* +1/  /   3 

   !"# $% &'(  )*+ ,&  12

 -./0

3#45 678 29:;#<= > /5 ?@A/0 BC2D<EF
 : + kg 2 G) +/*-**  IPGRI-DFSC +331 H,,/,3-0 kg

I 2G) 03,12. kg -+῍<2 JKL  MNO

51P:QR < MST?UH 5 Booth & Wickens
+322 V 5 Bonkoungou +321 Hῌ+: 2/5 WX/G)Q8 8Y cryptogeal hypogeal Z[ 1\# ] ^$Q 5 A _` ab:c2d
9Hef 5  : WX/KLQ8  gIhicjk =2lmnopqlrscj t@uDcvj 6.* 1/3.῍ 8_f#!  $hwx:= I y5"#=1=1 <# cjk
`$% z&k'f: , _lrs$ wx:]H#{5 z" lrsK:`$% +.,. | wx: 5:5 }(#:5 u~#)*+52D <# ] ,(,-]H
c .# 1/*+,*** mm /H]E < 6 * ha 2-*/*0Q5#O*/1&H 5 : #Q wx:#:5]H   c:`"##D  ]"#$2 `2$wx: & 7  *&34< : :  89:ῌ_5652D + 2-0 G)Q]

H#78 < c#9:;<=> <# 8h8_f&? < : 0K @A B8 # = @Av5
Q / 2 ] =  ¡  ¢:% $%`]H£C <EF# ] = H]E8¤52D(EF¤:2D /Q :2D& /5 NAA¥G:2I % - :2H5F v¦%  H88§¦¨:5 : ^j©WZH:B85# G) ;&_ 29 ] ©W;A(ªI(«J¬>­j: ;®#¯#  ;°Q/5 K; A±5 +5# zL²

W:5E#F¤:5 ³°M:^]5 N´ 6 -**&_cH !ῌ"# $%& : O #P:Qµ.Q¶R <# ] = ·¸¹H^<  + º»2_¼ KL 0,, kg &{5R S T ½ No. /, ῎,**+῏73ῌῌ ῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏῏ 

2* kg:.*ῌ  !"  #$ Cirina butyrospermi  Anacridiam moestum

var. melanorhodon %&'(# )Ceratitis silvestrii *+,-./0Mussidia nigrivenella 123  4-56 Aphasmatylenchus straturatus &7 89:;<  = >?
H  I+ @A9B-CDD;EF(%G)

 Pestalotia heterospora, Fusicladium butyrospermi 2-J(%G)K: L kernel -M EN;OP;Q7 R

TU

.*/*ῌ ("S-VH W 9;XYZ[\\]OP;^ _`[a  b-U  c;D+di j6A# k  leῌ[DfgC-  &6h",/.* kg/  / @Kmn2

 o (Ap" [qrs tU-uvw -  x yz$2
 x"U 2 {x |x"} 

+F.E.M. Booth & G.E. Wickens (+322) Non-Timber Uses of Selected

Arid Zone Trees and Shrubs in Africa. pp. -../, FAO Conservation Guide +3, FAO
Rome. , ~ W +323  p. +2, 



-R.

W. J. Keay (+323) Trees of Nigeria. pp. -22-3*, Oxford Science Publication, Oxford.
.

H. -J. Maydell (+320) Trees and Shrubs of the Sahel. Their Characteristics andUses. pp. ,*,,*1, GTZ, Eschborn.

/ D.B.Webb et al. (+32.) A Guide to Species

Selection for Tropical and Sub-tropical Plantations. p. ++., Commonwealth Forestry Institute, Oxford. IPGRI-DFSC Newsletter - March +331, No. ,.

  -   @ +,,  *; W ¡ ¢ @ - £' ¡!¤¥¢ ¦§ (¨-©""%) ª«/¬#­H® ¯°!±²³ZP;´ @$ -,*** µ ¡ ¢ ¬¶· @ ,,/** µ ) ¸%=¹&º-»'"¼)&K%½")74  No. /, ῍,**+῎