Product Brochure

PXI Vector Signal
Transceivers
ni.comContents
PXI Vector Signal Transceivers
PXIe-5842: NI's Third Generation VST
Detailed View of PXIe-5842
Detailed View of PXIe-5842 with 54 GHz Frequency Extension
Key Features
Software Overview
What is PXI?
PXI Instrumentation
Supporting Documentation
Configure a Custom NI System
NI Hardware Services

ni.comPXI Vector Signal Transceivers
PXIe-5842, PXIe-5831, PXIe-5830, PXIe-5841, PXIe-5820, PXIe-5655, PXIe-5646, PXIe-5645, and PXIe-5644

Generate and acquire wide instantaneous bandwidth frombaseband through RF in one instrument for test andmeasurement
Ensure test coverage for new and legacy wireless standards,
including 5G NR and all Wi-Fi bands
Stream high-speed data to and from the instrument throughthe front panel digital I/O

Achieve best-in-class EVM performance for higher-ordermodulation schemes, such as Wi-Fi 7, Bluetooth, and 5G NR
Synchronize multiple VSTs with phase-coherent generation
and acquisition for true MIMO applications
Utilize I/Q baseband signals for wideband testing andenvelope tracking applications
Take advantage of easy-to-use software with soft front
panels for interactive control and extensive measurement
API for rapid test automation

Built for RF Automated Test and Measurement
The PXI Vector Signal Transceiver (VST) combines a vector signal analyzer and vector signal generator with a powerful FPGA and highspeed serial and parallel digital interfaces for real-time signal processing and control. With up to 2 GHz of instantaneous RF or complex I/Q
bandwidth, the NI VST is ideally suited for a wide range of applications, including RFIC validation and production testing, radar prototyping,and other RF wideband test scenarios.
The VST product line provides the high performance necessary to support lab design and validation applications while incorporating the fastmeasurement speed and small form factor required to scale production test applications. You can use VST instruments throughout thedesign cycle from design to validation to production test—minimizing measurement correlation errors and improving efficiency with test
software reuse. The VST can be used to test a variety of cellular and wireless standards, including 5G NR, Wi-Fi 7, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), andBluetooth. The modular PXI platform allows users to configure systems with multiple VSTs to support multiple input, multiple output (MIMO)
applications and simplify synchronization between instruments thanks to shared timing and synchronization resources in the PXI chassis.
The software that supports the VST provides several layers of functionality:
RFmx soft front panels integrated into InstrumentStudio™ software for fast, interactive instrument configuration and measurement
execution
Measurement-focused APIs that abstract complex RF measurement science into a few function calls
A suite of ready-to-run automation examples that provide a foundation for building cohesive automated test and measurement
applications

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03

Table 1. NI's VST Portfolio
3rd Generation VST

2nd Generation VST

PXIe-5842

PXIe-5830/1

PXIe-5841

30 MHz to 26.5 GHz

5 GHz to 21 GHz

9 KHz to 6 GHz

Up to 2 GHz

1 GHz

1 GHz

Channels

RF In
RF OutUp to 32 In/Out(switched)

1 In
1 Out

EVM (Wi-Fi 6 80 MHz, loopback @ 6 GHz)

-56 dB-50 dB-48 dBEVM (5G NR 100 MHz, loopback @ 5.5 GHz)

-58 dB-51 dB-49 dBEVM (5G NR 100 MHz, loopback @ 28 GHz)

-44 dB-44 dB

N/A

VSG Maximum Output Power (CW @ 5 GHz)

+25 dBm+12 dBm+20 dBm

Tuning Time230 µsSee Specifications

380 µs175 µs with PXIe-5655

Slots

4 to 64 to 62 to 3

Yes, up to 54 GHz

Yes, up to 44 GHz

No

Frequency Range
Instantaneous Bandwidth

Frequency Extension

Notes: This table provides an overview of NI’s VST Line; refer to the Product Specifications for more information. PXIe-5842 EVM
includes noise compensation. All specifications are typical.

PXIe-5842: NI's Third Generation VSTThe latest addition to NI’s family of VSTs, the PXIe-5842 brings much improved measurement capabilities and new features applicable to awide range of RF applications. Among the new capabilities are best-in-class EVM performance (802.11be, 320 MHz BW, < -50 dB), enhanced
LO Offset mode with improved average noise density, continuous frequency coverage up to 26.5 GHz, and up to 2 GHz of instantaneous RF
bandwidth.

FIGURE 1
The Third Generation VST, PXIe-5842

ni.comPXI Vector Signal Transceivers

04Detailed View of the PXIe-5842 VST
30 MHz - 26.5 GHz VSA with up to
2 GHz Instantaneous Bandwidth
PFI 0(Trigger/Event)High Speed Serial Interface
MGT - 16 Lanes @ 16Gbps

30 MHz - 26.5 GHz VSG with up to
2 GHz Instantaneous Bandwidth
Dual LO Synthesizer
Unique LO Chains for RF IN
and RF OUT
Multi-instrument Synchronization
Phase Coherent LO Sharing and
T-Clk Synchronization across the PXIBackplane
Integrated RF Signal Chain Pulse
Modulation

PXIe Form Factor
4-Slot PXIe Module

Detailed View of the PXIe-5842 with 54 GHz Frequency Extension
PXIe-5443
RF Port Switch

PXIe-5655
RMM LO Independent LOs for
RF IN and RF OUT

RMM-5585
Remote Measurement Module22.5 GHz - 54 GHz Frequency Range

RMM CTRL

Bidirectional RF Ports
22.5 GHz - 54 GHz
PXIe-5842
Vector Signal Transceiverni.comBidirectional IF Ports
200 MHz - 23 GHz

PXI Vector Signal Transceivers

05

Key Features
Instantaneous Bandwidth for Wideband Applications
From next-generation wireless technologies like Wi-Fi 7 (802.11be), Ultra-Wideband, and 5G NR to advanced aerospace and defense
applications like radar tests and spectrum monitoring, there is a demand for wider signal bandwidth to achieve higher peak data rates.
Leveraging fast sampling, high-linearity DACs and ADCs, and wideband internal calibration mechanisms, NI VSTs offer 200 MHz, 500 MHz, 1
GHz, or 2 GHz of instantaneous RF and complex I/Q bandwidth with excellent measurement accuracy.

FIGURE 2
Instantaneous RF Bandwidth in GHz of NI VST Models

Wider bandwidth introduces the need for advanced signal processing at higher throughputs. The VST addresses this requirement by offering
FPGA-based signal processing for applications such as radar target simulation, multi-carrier aggregation, digital pre-distortion algorithm
implementations, and real-time spectrum analysis. Additionally, the VST incorporates patented algorithms for amplitude and phasecorrection for high absolute amplitude accuracy and low deviation from linear phase across the span of their wide instantaneous bandwidth.
Linearization of wideband RF power amplifiers with digital pre-distortion (DPD) is a popular technique to improve modulation quality andspectral emissions. With bandwidth requirements often three to five times higher than the signal bandwidth for DPD, this can mean anywherefrom 1,600 to 2,000 MHz bandwidth is required for the latest Wi-Fi 7 and 5G NR waveforms. Using the wideband capabilities available with NI
VSTs (up to 2 GHz), this is possible with modulation schemes such as Wi-Fi 7 and 5G NR that include bandwidths of up to 320 MHz and 400
MHz, respectively.

Wide Frequency Range
VSTs offer a broad frequency coverage from baseband to 54 GHz. NI provides a full suite of software for spectral and wireless standards
measurements to test a wide range of wireless technologies like Wi-Fi 7 and 5G NR even as they expand to different frequency bands.
The PXIe-5842 offers continuous frequency coverage from 30 MHz to 26.5 GHz in one instrument. This further reduces the complexity of
instrumentation required for a versatile RF system. Applications and standards ranging from Wi-Fi, Ultra-Wideband, Bluetooth, 5G NR, andradio prototyping can now coexist and be consolidated onto one capable and versatile instrument.

FIGURE 3
Spectrum Coverage of the VST Portfolio

ni.comPXI Vector Signal Transceivers

06Including the RMM-5585 Remote Measurement Module, the PXIe-5842 VST can extend up to 54 GHz center frequency with 2 GHz of
instantaneous RF bandwidth. With two bidirectional channels, setting up and configuring conducted and OTA test requirements for mmWave
applications in a single, tightly synchronized instrument with minimal path loss is easy. The RF IN and RF OUT ports can be usedsimultaneously with independent frequency tuning, allowing many different test configurations and use cases.
The PXIe-5842 VST also includes two IF test ports that can be used independently or in conjunction with the remote measurement module.
These ports provide frequency coverage from 200 MHz to 23 GHz and offer a direct interface for multifrequency devices like frequency
upconverters/downconverters or beamformer ICs with built-in frequency conversion.

Baseband I/Q Functionality
For engineers that require high bandwidth analog baseband signals, the PXIe-5820 VST combines a wideband I/Q digitizer and arbitrary
waveform generator into a single two-slot PXI Express module. The PXIe-5820 offers up to 1 GHz real-time baseband complex I/Q
generation and analysis and supports programmable common mode ranging and voltage swing. The combination of high-linearity, low-phasenoise, and patented IQ calibration techniques enables the PXIe-5820 to achieve better than -54 dB EVM performance with higher ordermodulation schemes, such as Wi-Fi 6 1024 QAM.
Additionally, engineers can synchronize the PXIe-5820 baseband VST with other RF VSTs and additional DC, analog, and digital PXIe
instruments to create a unified test bench for complex envelope tracking applications.

FIGURE 4
Using RFmx to Perform Envelope Tracking and Multi-Instrument Synchronization

Wideband EVM Measurement Performance
The VST uses advanced, patented IQ calibration techniques and high-quality RF instrumentation to deliver best-in-class EVM performancefor wideband signals. With higher-order modulation schemes and wideband multi-carrier signal configurations, the RF front ends of today’s
wireless devices require better linearity and lower phase noise. NI’s RF test instrumentation provides even more accurate and reliable
performance to measure complex and demanding modulation schemes.

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07

Conditions:
PAPR: 9.95 dB; MCS index: 11; 16 OFDM
data symbols; 20 packet averages;
channel estimation type: Ch
Estimation Ref (Preamble and Pilots);
Reference Level = Average PowerLevel + Waveform PAPR;
RF OUT Digital Gain Servo technique(increase RF OUT Digital Gain until
DSP overflow reported) applied;
ModAcc Auto Level: Enabled;
Reference Level headroom: 1 dB
(default)

FIGURE 5
WLAN 802.11ax 80 MHz RMS EVM, 1024-QAM (PXIe-5842, loopback) versus Average Power, Measured

Engineers can push the EVM performance of the VST even lower by pairing it with a PXI Local Oscillator. Systems based on the second
generation VST (PXIe-5820, PXIe-5841, PXIe-583x) can achieve EVM performance better than -50 dB for high order modulation
applications, such as Wi-Fi 6/7 and 5G NR. As shown in Figure 6, the PXIe-5842 delivers industry-leading EVM performance, with better
than -56 dB in a similar setup.

Modular and Easily SynchronizedEngineers are employing multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) systems in a wide range of electronic warfare and radar applications ranging
from phased array radars to beamforming and direction-finding systems. Modern communications standards like Wi-Fi 7 and 5G NR also use
MIMO schemes with multiple RF chains on a single device to provide a combination of higher data rates through more spatial streams andmore robust communications through beamforming. NI enables engineers to achieve phase coherent generation and analysis for two, four,
eight, or more VSTs to support other advanced test configurations.
Simplified Reference Clockand Trigger Distribution

Shared Common Oscillator
for Phase Alignment
FIGURE 6
Typical 4x4 MIMO System with Four PXIe-5842 VSTs

As shown in Figure 6, the PXIe-5842 can support up to a 4x4 MIMO configuration. For an even larger systems, fit up to eight PXIe-5841 VSTs
for an 8x8 phase coherent MIMO system or connect multiple PXIe chassis in a unified multi-chassis configuration.

ni.comPXI Vector Signal Transceivers

08Improved Tuning TimeWith a typical LO tuning time below 175 µS, the PXIe-5841 with PXIe-5655 Local Oscillator and the PXIe-5842 can support applications that
require very low latency frequency hopping common to aerospace and defense applications. These applications include radar target
simulation, spectrum monitoring in electronic warfare, and key parametric measurements for TR module test of AESA radar. Additionally, thisenhancement will reduce test time by reducing individual measurement times.
The PXIe-5655 is an optional add-on to the PXIe-5841 to achieve an improved tuning time. The PXIe-5655 is an integral component and isincluded with the PXIe-5842.

Flexible Digital Interface
The VST features a flexible digital interface capable of both high-speed parallel and serial communication. In the PXIe-5841, the digital lines
are directly connected to a user-programmable FPGA through level shifting buffers. The digital lines exposed on the front panel support
various standard voltage levels.
The high-speed serial interface on the PXIe-5841 features four multi-gigabit transceivers (MGTs) that operate at data rates of up to 12 Gb/s
per lane and support high-speed serial standards, such as Xilinx Aurora and Serial RapidIO. Users can stream full bandwidth I/Q data out of
the front panel to external signal processing modules. Thus, engineers have two data streaming options: the front panel connector or the PCI
Express backplane.

Digital I/O Ports Are Directly
Connected to the Xilinx Virtex 7
FPGA Fabric and Can Be
Synchronized with VSG and VSA
in Real Time

60 MHz, 8 Port High-Speed
Parallel Digital Interface

High-Speed Serial Interface
12 Gbps, 4 Tx & 4 Rx Lanes

FIGURE 7
Digital Interfacing Ports on the PXIe-5841 Front Panel

The PXIe-5842 improves further on this capability, with four MGT connectors capable of up to 16 Gb/s per lane. This enables streaming at full
data rates for high-bandwidth applications while maintaining the tight synchronization with highly integrated signal processing modules.
Contact NI for more information on data streaming with the PXIe-5842.

High-Speed Serial Interface
Four MGT Connectors - 16 Lanes at 16 Gbps
4 Tx and 4 Rx Channels per Connector

60 MHz, 8 Port High-Speed
Parallel Digital Interface

Full Rate of IQ Data Streaming to an
FPGA Coprocessor

FIGURE 8
Digital Interfacing Ports on the PXIe-5842 Front Panelni.comPXI Vector Signal Transceivers

09

RF Pulse Capabilities
Engineers are utilizing advanced RF pulse capabilities to generate tailored pulsed signals to revolutionize the design, testing, and optimizationof modern communication and radar systems. Adjustable parameters such as pulse width, rise time, and repetition rates empower engineers
to recreate real-world scenarios, such as simulating diverse modulation schemes and bandwidth optimization in communication systems, aswell as testing and validating radar hardware and algorithms.
New to the PXIe-5842 VST are dedicated pulse input and output connections found on the instrument's front panel. The integrated RF signal
chain allows for a wide range of pulse widths, pulse repetition interval (PRI), and optimizing on/off ratios versus pulse width for native pulsed
generation capabilities in communications, control systems, and radar and electronic warfare applications.
Engineers can control the pulse modulation using either sample-based markers in a generated waveform or externally with the dedicatedPulse In input connector optimized for low latency and jitter. A digital trigger can also be aligned to the RF pulse edge and exported from thededicated Pulse Out connector. When combined with RFmx Pulse, the VST can generate and measure different pulse types, modulation
schemes, and various measurements to make taking pulse measurements intuitive alongside existing RFmx personalities for a complete setof RF measurement capabilities.

FIGURE 9
RFmx Pulse Generating and Analyzing the Stability of a Pulsed Waveform

ni.comPXI Vector Signal Transceivers

10Software Overview
RFmx
RFmx is a set of interoperable measurement personalities together with waveform creation software that extends the capability of NI RF
instrumentation for general-purpose, connectivity, cellular, and aerospace and defense test applications. Using RFmx, you can perform anddebug measurements quickly and easily with interactive software front panels, create and play back open, unlocked waveforms with RFmx
Waveform Creator, and speed up automated testing with the performance-optimized API.
RFmx is integrated natively in InstrumentStudio, meaning all RFmx soft front panels can coexist alongside other instrument types, andcustom measurement configurations can be saved and reopened for quick and easy transition between test cases. These configurations canalso be exported to code for a fast transition to automated test and characterization.
Using RFmx with NI VST, you can achieve excellent RF performance with ultrafast measurement speeds, enabling you to create test systems
that span your entire product lifecycle from design validation to production test.

FIGURE 10
Use RFmx Soft Front Panels for Interactive Measurement and Debugging of Complex RF Signals

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NI Software-The Right Tool for the Job
NI has a variety of software for engineers working on research, validation, and production test applications. Learn about our software thathelps engineers perform quick ad-hoc tests, build an automated test system, automate data analysis and reporting, develop test sequences,and more.

LabVIEW

DIAdemTestStand

Graphical programming environment thatengineers use to develop automatedresearch, validation, and production test
systems.

Data analytics software for measurement
data search, inspection, analysis, andautomated reporting.

Test executive software that accelerates
system development for engineers invalidation and production.

Acquire data from NI and third-party
hardware and communicate using
industry protocols
Use configurable, interactive display
elements
Take advantage of available analysis
functions

Display data in multiple 2D-axis
systems
Perform calculations with a simple
point-and-click interface
Automate your measurement data
analysis workflow, from import toanalysisCall and execute tests in LabVIEW,
Python, C/C++, or .NET
Conduct complex tasks, such asparallel testing
Create customer operator interfaces
and robust tools for deployment anddebugging

G Web

FlexLogger™

InstrumentStudio™

Development software that helps
engineers create web-based userinterfaces wihtout the need for traditional
web development skills.

No-code data acquisition software
engineers use to build validation andverification test applications.

Application software that simplifies setup
and configuration of NI PXI hardware

Data transfer APIs for connecting tosystems written in LabVIEW, Python,or C#
Pre-built objects for data display anduser input
Included hosting on SystemLink™
Cloud

ni.comInteractive visualization tools formonitoring tests with drag-and-drop
charts, graphs, and controls
Ability to set alarms that monitor
single channels or groups forunexpected behavior

Customizable layouts for monitoring
multiple instruments at once
Interactively debug in tandem with
code
TDMS file export containing
instrument settings, measurements,
and raw data

PXI Vector Signal Transceivers

12What is PXI?
Powered by software, PXI is a rugged PC-based platform for measurement and automation systems. PXI combines PCI electrical-bus
features with the modular, Eurocard packaging of CompactPCI and then adds specialized synchronization buses and key software features.
PXI is both a high-performance and low-cost deployment platform for applications such as manufacturing test, military and aerospace,machine monitoring, automotive, and industrial test. Developed in 1997 and launched in 1998, PXI is an open industry standard governed by
the PXI Systems Alliance (PXISA), a group of more than 70 companies chartered to promote the PXI standard, ensure interoperability, andmaintain the PXI specification.

SoftwareTest Management and Code Development
Code sequencing, database reporting, user
management, operator interface, parallel
execution, signal processing using LabVIEW,
C/C++, .NET, Python

ComputerPXI Embedded Controller
Windows and Real-Time OS options, Intel
Xeon processing, peripheral ports, display
output, integrated hard drive

Timing and SynchronizationPXI Chassis
PXI Express Gen 3 throughput up to 24 GB/s,
sub-nanosecond latency, P2P streaming,
integrated triggering

Instrumentation
PXI Modules
DC to mmWave, oscilloscope, programmablepower supply, switch/MUX, DMM, VSA, VST,AWG, SMU, DAQ

Integrating the Latest Commercial Technology
By leveraging the latest commercial technology, we can continually deliver high-performance and high-quality products to our users at acompetitive price. The latest PCI Express Gen 3 switches deliver higher data throughput, the latest Intel multicore processors facilitate fasterand more efficient parallel (multisite) testing, the latest FPGAs from Xilinx help to push signal processing algorithms to the edge to acceleratemeasurements, and the latest data converters from TI and ADI continually increase the measurement range and performance of our
instrumentation.

ni.comPXI Vector Signal Transceivers

13

PXI Instrumentation
NI offers more than 600 different PXI modules ranging from DC to mmWave. Because PXI is an open industry standard, nearly 1,500
products are available from more than 70 different instrument vendors. With standard processing and control functions designated to acontroller, PXI instruments need to contain only the actual instrumentation circuitry, which provides effective performance in a small
footprint. Combined with a chassis and controller, PXI systems feature high-throughput data movement using PCI Express bus interfaces andsub-nanosecond synchronization with integrated timing and triggering.

ni.comOscilloscopes
Sample at speeds up to 12.5 GS/s with 5 GHz of
analog bandwidth, featuring numerous triggeringmodes and deep onboard memory

Digital Multimeters
Perform voltage (up to 1000 V), current (up to3A), resistance, inductance, capacitance, andfrequency/period measurements, as well as
diode tests

Digital Instruments
Perform characterization and production test of
semiconductor devices with timing sets and perchannel pin parametric measurement unit
(PPMU)

Waveform Generators
Generate standard functions including sine,
square, triangle, and ramp as well as userdefined, arbitrary waveforms

Frequency Counters
Perform counter timer tasks such as event
counting and encoder position, period, pulse,
and frequency measurements

Source Measure Units
Combine high-precision source and measurecapability with high channel density,
deterministic hardware sequencing, andSourceAdapt transient optimization

Power Supplies & Loads
Supply programmable DC power, with somemodules including isolated channels, output
disconnect functionality, and remote sense

FlexRIO Custom Instruments & Processing
Provide high-performance I/O and powerful
FPGAs for applications that require more thanstandard instruments can offer

Switches (Matrix & MUX)
Feature a variety of relay types and row/column
configurations to simplify wiring in automatedtest systems

Vector Signal Transceivers
Combine a vector signal generator and vector
signal analyzer with FPGA-based, real-time
signal processing and control

GPIB, Serial, & Ethernet
Integrate non-PXI instruments into a PXI systemthrough various instrument control interfaces

Data Acquisition Modules
Provide a mix of analog I/O, digital I/O,
counter/timer, and trigger functionality formeasuring electrical or physical phenomena

PXI Vector Signal Transceivers

14Supporting Documentation
Table 2. VST Supporting Documentation
Document Type

Model #Number

Getting Started Guide

PXIe-5842, PXIe-5841, PXIe-5832, PXIe-5831, PXIe-5830, PXIe-5820

Specifications

PXIe-5842, PXIe-5841, PXIe-5832, PXIe-5831, PXIe-5830, PXIe-5820

Features

PXIe-5842, PXIe-5841, PXIe-5832, PXIe-5831, PXIe-5830, PXIe-5820

Configure a Custom NI System
NI’s online system advisors help you create a custom system based on your requirements. Use the advisor to choose compatible hardware,
software, accessories, and services, and then save your selections as configurations for easy quoting and purchasing later. Visitni.com/Advisor to learn more.

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NI Hardware Services
All NI hardware includes a one-year warranty for basic repair coverage and calibration in adherence
to NI specifications prior to shipment. PXI systems also include basic assembly and a functional test.
NI offers additional entitlements to improve uptime and lower maintenance costs with service
programs for hardware. Learn more at ni.com/services/hardware.
HardwareStandard

Premium

Description

Duration at Point of Sale

1 year;included

3 years;
optional

3 years;
optional

NI enhances warranty coverage with additional service benefits
provided with a hardware service program.

Maximum Duration withRenewal< 3 Years w/
Service
Program< 3 Years< 3 Years

NI maintains the high performance and availability of yourhardware for up to three years with a hardware service program.

••

NI restores your device’s functionality and includes firmware
updates and factory calibration within < 10 working days [4] plus
standard shipping time.

••

NI technicians assemble, install software in, and test your system
per your custom configuration prior to shipment.

Advanced Replacement[2]•

NI stocks replacement hardware that can be shipped
immediately if a repair is needed.

System Return Material
Authorization (RMA) [1]•

NI accepts the delivery of fully assembled systems when
performing repair services.

••

NI provides access to support resources for your hardware.

Standard

Expedited[3]

NI performs the requested level of calibration at the specified
calibration interval for the duration of the service program.

Extended Repair
Coverage•

System Configuration,
Assembly, and Test [1]Technical Support•

Calibration Plan
(Optional)

1 This option is only available for PXI, CompactRIO, and CompactDAQ systems.
2 This option is not available for all products in all countries. Contact your local NI sales engineer to confirm availability.
3 Expedited calibration is only available for the Traceable calibration level.
4 This applies to non-RF products only. Standard extended repair coverage for RF products is <15 working days plus standard shipping time.

PremiumPlus Service Program
NI can customize the offerings listed above or offer additional entitlements such as on-site calibration, custom sparing, and life-cycle services
through a PremiumPlus Service Program. Contact your NI sales representative to learn more.

Technical Support
NI hardware service programs and warranty include access to technical support provided by NI Support Agents during local business hours.
Service requests can be managed online. Additionally, take advantage of NI’s award winning online resources and communities.

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Corporation. Other product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies.

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