(57)【要約】本発明は、多能性幹細胞、特に、多能性胚様幹細胞に関する。本発明はさらに、多様性胚様幹細胞を精製する方法、ならびにその組成物、培養物およびクローンに関する。本発明はまた、本発明の多様性幹細胞をヒトなどの哺乳動物宿主に移植する方法であって、前記宿主に前記幹細胞を導入することを含む上記方法に関する。本発明はさらに、目的のタンパク質または遺伝子のｉｎ　ｖｉｖｏ投与方法であって、多能性幹細胞に目的のタンパク質をコードするＤＮＡを含む構築物をトランスフェクトし、次いで、宿主に前記幹細胞を導入し、ここで、目的のタンパク質または遺伝子が発現されることを含む上記方法に関する。本発明はまた、本発明の多能性幹細胞を培養または移植することによって、中胚葉、内胚葉または外胚葉系統前駆細胞を産生する方法に関する。【特許請求の範囲】
【請求項１】
非胚もしくは生後動物細胞または組織由来、自己再生可能ならびに内胚葉、外胚葉および中胚葉系統の細胞に分化可能な多能性胚様幹細胞。
【請求項２】
ヒト細胞である、請求項１に記載の幹細胞。
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の分野】
本発明は、一般に多能性幹細胞、詳細には胚様多能性幹細胞に関する。本発明はまた、細胞または組織移植、遺伝子治療、ならびに細胞−細胞間相互作用、分化決定、発生遺伝子および成長もしくは分化因子に関して同定、アッセイまたはスクリーニングにおける組織工学のための幹細胞の使用に関する。
【０００２】
【発明の背景】
組織および器官の形成は、出生前の発生中に自然に生じる。多細胞生物の発生は、規定された機能を有する１０億個の細胞から成る実体の形成時に最大に達する予め決定された分子および細胞経路に続いて起こる。細胞の発生は、細胞の増殖、分化決定、および分化の進行（ｌｉｎｅａｇｅ−ｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ）によって達成され、その結果、分化した細胞型が形成される。この過程は全能性接合体から始まり、個体の生涯を通して継続する。発生が全能性接合体から進行しながら、細胞が増殖し、全能性初代胚葉、外胚葉、中胚葉、および内胚葉への分化決定によって分離する。先祖（多能性、三能性、両能性および終局的に単能性）系統への進行性分化決定によってこれらの胚葉がさらに分離することによって、細胞の分化経路および細胞の究極的機能がさらに規定される。
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