RESTRICTED  WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2  
23 September 1998 
 (98-3664) 
Working Party on the  
Accession of Georgia Original:   English 
 
 
  
ACCESSION OF GEORGIA  
 
Initial Offer in Services
 
 
Revision  
   For the purposes of the accession of Georgia to the WTO, the Permanent Mission of Georgia 
has presented the following revised offer of initial commitments on trade in services, with the request 
that it be circulated to members of the Working Party.  
_______________ 
  
GEORGIA
 
 
Initial Offer in Services  
 
(This text is authentic in the English language only.) 
 
     
 
    
 
    
 
  Note
 
 This revised Offer is conditional.  The Government of Georgia retains the right to modify the 
commitments listed in Schedules. 
Other services not included elsewhere in this Schedule are unbound. WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 2  
Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
A.  HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS 
Commitments include all 
sectors 3)  
Privatisation  
An organisation, in which the Government's share exceeds 25%, has no right to 
participate in privatisation process and buy 
State property. Real estate
 
Unbound, except the right to buy buildings and to lease the agricultural land for 49 
years.  Joint venture has the right to buy 
agricultural land.   
 Entry and temporary stay  
4) Unbound, except for measures 
concerning temporary entry and stay of nationals of another member who fall into the categories listed below: 4) Unbound, except for measures 
concerning the categories of 
natural persons referred to in the market access column.  
 -- Services salespersons - persons not 
based in the territory of Georgia and
receiving no remuneration from a source located within Georgia, who are engaged in activities related to representing a services supplier for the purpose of negotiating for sale of the services of that supplier:  (a) such 
sales are not directly made to the general 
public made to the general public and (b) the salesperson is not engaged in supplying the service.  Entry for persons named in this section is limited to a 90-day period. 
Prolongation is allowed only once a year 
after two months from the date of expiration of this period.     WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 3Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
 -- Persons responsible for the setting 
up of a commercial presence:  Persons who are employees of an enterprise not having 
presence in Georgia and who have been 
beforehand employees of that enterprise outside Georgia for a time period not less than one year immediately preceding their application for admission, and who are 
entering Georgia for the purpose of setting 
up a commercial presence of that enterprise in Georgia. Persons responsible for the setting-up of a commercial presence may not engage in making direct sales to the general public or supply services themselves.   
 -- Persons who are employees of an 
enterprise outside Georgia not having 
commercial presence in Georgia (other than 
enterprises providing services as defined by CPC 872), which has concluded a services contract with an enterprise engaged in substantive business in Georgia, and who have been beforehand employees of the 
enterprise outside Georgia for a time-period 
of not less than one year immediately preceding their application for admission.    
 Per contract, temporary entry for a limited 
number of service suppliers will be granted 
for a single period of three month, the 
number of service suppliers depending on the size of the task to be performed under the contract.  Individual services providers not employed by such enterprise outside Georgia and considered as persons seeking 
access to the Georgian employment market.    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 4 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
 -- Intra-corporate transferees – 
managers, executives and specialists, as defined below, who are employees of firms 
that provide services within Georgia through 
a branch, subsidiary, or affiliate established in Georgia and who have been prior employees of their firm outside Georgia for a period of not less than one year,
 
immediately preceding the date of their 
application for admission and who are one of the following:   
 (a) managers - persons within an 
organisation who primarily direct the organisation, or a department or sub-division of the organisation, supervise and control the work of 
other supervisory, professional or 
managerial employees, have the authority to hire and fire or remand the decision on hiring, firing, or other personal actions (such as promotion or leave authorisation), 
and exercise discretionary authority 
over day-to-day operations.    
  Do not include first line supervisors, 
unless the employees supervised are professionals, nor does it include 
employees who primarily perform 
tasks necessary for the provision of the service.     WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 5Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
 (b) Executives – persons within the 
organisation who primarily direct the management of the organisation, 
establish the goals and policies of 
the organisation, exercise wide latitude in decision-making, and receive only general supervision or direction from higher-level 
executives, the board of directors, or 
stockholders of the business.    
  Executives would not directly 
perform tasks related to the actual 
provision of a service or services of the organisation.   
 (c) Specialists – persons within an 
organisation who possess 
knowledge at an advanced level of 
continued expertise and who possess priority knowledge of the organisation's services, research equipment, techniques, or management.   
 Entry for persons named in this section is 
limited to a three-year period that may be extended for up two additional years for a total term not to exceed five years   
B. SPECIFIC SERVICE SECTOR OR SUB-SECTOR 
1.  BUSINESS SERVICES 
A.   Professional Services 
(a)   Legal services 
(CPC 861) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section*   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 6 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(b) Accounting, auditing 
and bookkeeping services 
(CPC 862) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(c) Taxation services 
 (CPC 863) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(d) Architectural services 
(CPC 8671) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(e)   Engineering services 
 (CPC 8672) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(f)   Integrated 
engineering services 
 (CPC 8673) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(g) Urban planning and 
landscape 
architectural services 
 (CPC 8674*) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 7Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(h) Medical and dental 
services (excluding transplants and 
autopsies) 
  (CPC 9312) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(i) Veterinary services 
 (CPC 932) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
B.  Computer and Related Services 
(a)   Consulting services 
related to the installation of computer hardware  
 (CPC 841) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(b)   Software 
implementation services  
 (CPC 842) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(c) Data processing 
services 
  (CPC 843) (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1)  None 
(2)  None 
(3)  None (4)  Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(d) Data base services 
 (CPC 844 + 845) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 8 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(e) Other 
 (CPC 84910) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C.  Research and Development Services 
(a) Research and 
development services 
on natural sciences  
 Except such fields 
which are prohibited in the horizontal section 
 (CPC 851) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(b) Research and 
development services 
on social sciences 
and humanities 
 (CPC 852) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(c)   Interdisciplinary 
research and development services 
 (CPC 853) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
D. Real Estate Services 
(a)  Involving own or 
leased property 
 (CPC 821) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 9Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(b) On a fee or contract 
basis 
 (CPC 822) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
E. Rental/Leasing Services Without Operators 
(a) Relating to ships 
 (CPC 83103) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(b) Relating to aircraft 
 (CPC 83104) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(c) Relating to other 
transport equipment 
 (CPC 83101 + 83102 
+ 83105) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(d) Relating to other 
machinery and 
equipment 
 (CPC 83106 + 
83109) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
F. Other Business Services 
(a) Advertising services 
 (CPC 871) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 10 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(b) Market research 
services 
 (CPC 864) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(c) Management 
consulting services 
 (CPC 865) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(d) Services related to 
management consulting 
 (CPC 866) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(e) Technical testing and 
analysis services 
 (CPC 8676) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(f) Services incidental to 
agriculture, hunting and forestry 
 (CPC 88110) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(g) Services incidental to 
fishing 
 (CPC 882**) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 11Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(h) Services incidental to 
mining  
 (CPC 883**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(i) Services incidental to 
manufacturing 
(CPC 8841 + 8842 + 8843 + 8844 + 8846 + 8847 + 8848 + 8849 + 885 + 886) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(j) Services incidental to 
energy distribution  except electric 
energy  
 (CPC 887**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(k) Placement and 
supply services of personnel  
 (CPC 87205 + 
87206) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(p) Photographic 
services   
 (CPC 87501 + 87502 
+ 87503 + 87507) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(q) Packaging services 
 (CPC 876) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 12 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(t) Others 
- Repair services of 
personal and 
household goods 
 (CPC 6330) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
- Repair services 
incidental to metal 
products, machinery and equipment 
 (CPC 886) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
- Other business 
services 
 (CPC 87909) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
2.  COMMUNICATION SERVICES 
B. Courier Services 
 (CPC 7512) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C. Telecommunication Services 
(a) Voice telephone 
services  
 (CPC 7521) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(b) Packet-switched data 
transmission services 
 (CPC 7523**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 13Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(c) Circuit-switched data 
transmission services 
 (CPC 7523**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(d) Telex services 
 (CPC 7523**) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(e)  Telegraph services 
 (CPC 7522) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(f) Facsimile services 
 (CPC 7521**+ 
7529**) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(g) Private leased circuit 
services 
 (CPC 7522** + 
7523**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 14 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(o) Other mobile 
services 
- Analogue/digital 
cellular services 
 (CPC 75213*) - Personal 
communication services (PCS) 
 (CPC 75213*) 
- Paging services  (CPC 75291) - Mobile data services  (CPC 7523**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
D. Audio-Visual Services  
(a) Motion picture and 
video tape production and distribution services 
 (CPC 96111 + 
96112** + 96113 + 
96114) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(b) Motion picture 
projection services 
 (CPC 9612) (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
3.  CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES 
A. General Construction 
Work for Building 
 (CPC 512) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) Not less than 50% of the entire 
staff must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 15Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
B. General Construction 
Work for Civil Engineering 
 (CPC 513) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) Not less than 50% of the entire 
staff must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C. Installation and 
Assembling Work 
 (CPC 514+516) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) Not less than 50% of the entire 
staff must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
D. Building Completion 
and Finishing Work 
 (CPC 517) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
 (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) Not less than 50% of the entire 
staff must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
E. Other 
 (CPC 511, 515, 518) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) Not less than 50% of the entire 
staff must be Georgian citizens 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES 
A. Commission Agents' 
Services 
 (CPC 621) 
 (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 16 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
B. Wholesale Trade 
Services 
 (CPC 622) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C. Retailing Services 
 (CPC 631+ 632 + 
6111 + 6113 + 6121, excl. 63211) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
D. Franchising 
 (CPC 8929) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
5.  EDUCATIONAL SERVICES 
 Educational services should be implemented by a person who has the certificate granted by the relevant State authorities, a pe rson whose certificate 
is received abroad is registered in Georgia, or a person who is granted by the relevant State educational  census 
 Teaching the Georgian language, history and geography in primar y, secondary and adult educationa l institutions operating in Ge orgia which 
implement common educational programmes is obligatory;  teaching of  Georgian language is obligatory in those higher educational  institutions 
which implement the programmes of professi onal education for Georgian citizens. 
A. Primary Education 
Services 
 (CPC 921) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
B. Secondary Education 
Services 
- Privately funded only  (CPC 922*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 17Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
C. Higher Education 
Services 
- Privately funded only 
 (CPC 923*) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
D. Adult Education 
 (CPC 924*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
6.  ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES 
A. Sewage Services 
 (CPC 9401) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
B. Refuse Disposal 
Services 
 (CPC 9402) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C. Sanitation and 
Similar Services 
 (CPC 9403) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
D. Other Nature and 
Landscape Protection  Services 
  (CPC 9406) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 18 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES 
Measures applicable to all sectors in financial services  
1. Commitments in this Chapter are undertak en in accordance with the Understanding on Commitments in Financial Services ("Under standing") 
2. These commitments are subject to the li mitations on market access and national treatment in the "all sectors" section of thi s Schedule and to those 
relating to the sub-sectors listed below. 3. The market access commitments in respect of modes (1) and (2) apply only to the transactions indicated in paragraphs B.3 (a)  and b.4 (a) and (b) of 
the market access section of the Understanding respectively. 4. Notwithstanding note 1. above, the pu rchase and acquisition of financial services  by public entities of Georgia are governed  in this Schedule by 
Article XIII of the General Agreement on Trade in Services. 
5. The admission to the market of new financial services and in struments may be subject to the existence of, and consistency wi th the domestic 
regulatory framework aimed at achieving the objectives indicated  in Article 2(a) of the Annex of Financial Services. 
6. As a general rule and in a non-discrim inatory manner, financial institutions incorp orated in Georgia must adopt specific leg al form. 
A. Insurance and Insurance-Related Services  
(a) Life, accident and 
health insurance 
services (except workers compensation insurance) 
 (CPC 81211) (1)(3) None, other than: 
 No persons or companies (including 
insurance companies) may for business purposes in Georgia assist in effecting direct insurance for persons resident in Georgia, for 
Georgian ships or for property of 
Georgia, other than insurance companies registered in Georgia and licensed by Georgian competent authorities. (1)(3) None  
(b) Non-life insurance 
services 
  (CPC 8129)  This reservation does not apply for 
international transport involving imports into Georgia.   
- Marine, aviation and 
other  transport insurance services 
 (CPC 81293) (2) Insurance of risks relating to c.i.f. 
exports by residents of Georgia may be underwritten only by insurance firms established in Georgia (2) None  
(c) Reinsurance and 
retrocession (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 19Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(d) Services auxiliary to 
insurance and pension funding  
 (CPC 8140, 
excluding pension funding; 81402, 81409) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
B. Banking and Other Financial Services 
(a) Acceptance of 
deposits and other repayable funds from the public 
 (CPC 81115-81119) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section.  
(b) Lending of all types, 
including, inter alia, consumer credit, 
mortgage credit, 
factoring and financing of commercial transaction  
 (CPC 8113) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section.  
(c) Financial leasing  
 (CPC 8112) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section.  
(d) All payment and 
money transmission services  
 (CPC 81339**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section.   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 20 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(e) Guarantees and 
commitments  
 (CPC 81199**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section.  
(f) Trading for own 
account or for 
account of customers, whether on an exchange, in an over-the-counter 
market or otherwise, 
the following: (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section.  
- money market 
instruments (cheques, 
bills, certificate of deposits, etc.) 
 (CPC 81339*)    
- foreign exchange 
 (CPC 81333*)    
- derivative products 
including but not limited to, futures and options (CPC 81339*)    
- exchange rate and 
interest rate instruments, including products such as swaps, 
forward rate 
agreements, etc. (CPC 81339*)    
- transferable securities 
(CPC 81321*)      WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 21Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
- other negotiable 
instruments and financial assets, 
including bullion 
(CPC 81339*)    
(g) Participation in 
issues of all kinds of 
securities, including under-writing and placement as agent (whether publicly or 
privately) and 
provision of service related to such issues 
 (CPC 8132) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(h) Money broking 
 (CPC 81339**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(i) Asset management, 
such as cash or 
portfolio 
management, all forms of collective investment management, 
custodial, depository 
and trust services 
 (CPC 8119** + 
81323*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 22 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(j) Settlement and 
clearing services for financial assets, incl. 
securities, derivative 
products, and other negotiable instruments 
 (CPC 81339**, 
81319**) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(k) Advisory, inter-
mediation and other 
auxiliary financial 
services on all the activities listed in 5(a)(xvi) of the Annex on Financial 
Services, incl. credit 
reference and analysis, investment and portfolio research and advice, advice on 
acquisitions and on 
corporate restructuring and strategy  
 (CPC 8131* or 
8133*) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 23Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(l) Provision and 
transfer of financial information, and 
financial data 
processing and related software by providers of other financial services  
 (CPC 8131*, 842*, 
844*) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
8.  HEALTH RELATED AND SOCIAL SERVICES 
The knowledge of Georgian language (the State language)  is  obligatory for pharmacists, who work in Georgia.  
A. Hospital Services 
 (CPC 9311) (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
B. Other Human Health 
Services 
 (CPC 9319, other 
than 93191) (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C. Social Services 
 (CPC 933) (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
9.  TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES 
A. Hotels and 
Restaurants (incl. 
catering) 
 (CPC 641-643) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 24 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
B. Travel Agencies and 
Tour Operators Services 
 (CPC 7471) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C.  Tourist Guides 
Services 
 (CPC 7472) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
10.  RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVICES 
A. Entertainment 
Services (including theatre, live bands and circus services) 
 (CPC 9619) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
B. News Agency 
Services 
 (CPC 962) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
C. Libraries, Archives, 
Museums and Other 
Cultural Services 
 (CPC 963) (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
D. Sporting and Other 
Recreational Services 
 (CPC 964) (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 25Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
11. TRANSPORT SERVICES 
A. Maritime Transport Services 
(b) Freight transportation 
 (CPC 7212**) 
(c) Rental of vessels 
with crew 
 (CPC 7213) (d) Maintenance and 
repair of vessels  
 (CPC 8868**) (e) Pushing and towing 
services 
 (CPC 7214) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section  
C. Air Transport Services 
(b) Sales and marketing, 
including computer reservation systems (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) None 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(d) Maintenance and 
repair of aircraft 
 (CPC 8868**)  (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
E. Rail Transport Services 
Railroad is State 
property and State has 
the monopoly right on 
it. 
 (CPC 7111, 7112, 7113) (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section   WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 26 Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(d) Maintenance and 
repair of rail transport equipment 
 (CPC 8868**) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
F. Road Transport Services 
(d) Maintenance and 
repair of road 
transport equipment  
 (CPC 8868**) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
H. Services Auxiliary to All Modes of Transport 
(a) Cargo handling 
services 
 (CPC 741100) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None 
(3) None  
(4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(b) Storage and 
warehouse services 
 (CPC 74210 + 
74220) (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None (4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound* 
(2) None (3) None  (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
(c) Freight transport 
agency services 
 (CPC 74800**) (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None other than:  foreign persons 
are allowed to supply services only 
through joint-ventures. 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None  
 
 (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2
 Page 27Mode(s)  of Supply:  (1)  Cross-border supply (2)  Consumption abroad (3)  Commercial presence (4)  Presence of natural persons  
Sector or Sub-Sector Restrictions on Market Access R estrictions on National Treatment Additional Commitments 
(d) Other supporting and 
auxiliary transport services 
- Freight brokerage 
services 
- Bill auditing and 
freight rate information services (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None other than:  foreign persons 
are allowed to supply services only 
through joint-ventures 
(4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section (1) Unbound 
(2) None (3) None  
 
 (4) Unbound except as indicated in 
the horizontal section  
  WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 28  
GEORGIA:  LIST  OF  ARTICLE  II  (MFN) EXEMPTIONS 
 
 
 
Sector or 
sub-sector Description of measure indicating its 
inconsistency with Article II Countries to which the measure applies Intended duration Conditions creating the 
need for the exemption 
Transport services Bilateral transport agreements on the 
basis of reciprocity All countries with which agreements are 
or will be in force Indefinite Improvement of relations 
in transport sector. Protection of environment 
and regulation of traffic 
rights on the territory of Georgia 
All sectors Bilateral agreements providing free entry 
without visa for temporary stay All countries with which agreements are 
or will be in force Indefinite To improve historically 
established cultural and ethnic relations 
Fishing related services Access to Georgian waters for fish 
catches is granted on the basis of reciprocity All countries Indefinite In order to regulate the 
consumption of natural resources 
All sectors Access to Georgian labour market is 
granted on the basis of reciprocity All countries Indefinite To regulate the movement 
of labour forces 
Motion picture or video tape production services  Bilateral agreement between the 
Governments of Georgia and France on Cinematography. According to which joint films can be produced only with participation of citizens of Georgia, France and other 
European Union countries, or with 
participation of pers ons having Georgian 
or French nationality. France and other European Union 
countries. Indefinite To facilitate and enrich 
cultural relations and develop the exchange of products of cinematography.  
  WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
 Page 29 
 
 
ANNEX 
 
Additional Commitments on Basic Telecommunications Services  
 Scope
 
 
 The following are definitions and principl es on the regulatory framework for the basic 
telecommunications services.     Definitions  
 
 
 "Users" means service consumers and service suppliers.     "Essential facilities" means facilities of a pub lic telecommunications transport network or 
service that: 
 
 (a) are exclusively or predominantly provided  by a single or limited number of suppliers;  
and   
 (b) cannot feasibly be economically or tec hnically substituted in order to provide a 
service.   
 
 A "major supplier" is a supplier which has the ability to materially affect the terms of 
participation (having regard to price and supply) in  the relevant market for basic telecommunications 
services as a result of:   (a) control over essential facilities;  or   
 (b) use of its position in the market.   
 I. Competitive safeguards
   
 A Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications
 
 
 Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone 
or together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti-competitive practices.   
 B. Safeguards  
 
 
 The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:   
  (a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;    (b) using information obtained from compet itors with anti-competitive results;  and   
 (c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical 
information about essential facilities and co mmercially relevant information which 
are necessary for them to provide services.   
 II. Interconnection
 
 A. This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public telecommunications transport 
networks or services in order to allow the users of  one supplier to communicate with users of another 
supplier and  to access services provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are undertaken.    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
Page 30  
 
B. Interconnection to be ensured
 
  Interconnection with a major supplier will be en sured at any technically feasible point in the 
network.  Such interconnection is provided:  
 (a) under non-discriminatory terms, cond itions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its 
own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates;  
 
 (b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that ar e transparent, reasonable, having regard 
to economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundl ed so that the supplier need not pay 
for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided;  and   
 
 (c) upon request, at points in addition to th e network termination points offered to the 
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary additional facilities.   
 C. Public availability of the proce dures for interconnection negotiations  
 
 
 The procedures applicable for interconnecti on to a major supplier will be made publicly 
available.  D. Transparency of interconnection arrangements
   
 
 It is ensured that a major supplier will make  publicly available either its interconnection 
agreements or a reference interconnection offer.    E. Interconnection:  dispute settlement
   
 
 A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have recourse, either:   
  (a) at any time;  or    (b) after a reasonable period of time whic h has been made publicly known  to an 
independent domestic body, which may be  a regulatory body as referred to in 
paragraph V below, to resolve disputes re garding appropriate te rms, conditions and 
rates for interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these 
have not been established previously.   
 III. Universal service
   
 
 Any Member has the right to define the ki nd of universal service obligation it wishes to 
maintain.  Such obligations will not be regard ed as anti-competitive per se, provided they are 
administered in a transparent, non-discriminator y and competitively neutral manner and are not more 
burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.    
IV. Public availability of licensing criteria
   
  Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:    (a) all the licensing criteria and the period of  time normally required to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a licence;  and    WT/ACC/SPEC/GEO/3/Rev.2 
 Page 31 
 
 
 (b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences.    The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon  request.   
 V. Independent regulators
 
 
 The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic 
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to all market participants.    VI. Allocation and use of scarce resources
   
 
 Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including frequencies, numbers 
and rights of way, will be carried out in an obj ective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory 
manner. The current state of allocated frequency ba nds will be made publicly available, but detailed 
identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required. 
 
 
__________