WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  G/SG/N/8/TUR/11 
G/SG/N/9/TUR/5 
G/SG/N/10/TUR/11 G/SG/N/11/TUR/12 
22 August 2008 
 
(08-3952) 
Committee on Safeguards Original:   English 
 
 
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 12.1(B) OF THE AGREEMENT 
ON SAFEGUARDS ON FINDING A SERIOUS INJURY OR  
THREAT THEREOF CAUSED BY INCREASED IMPORTS 
 
THE NOTIFICATION OF TURKEY TO THE COMMITTEE ON SAFEGUARDS 
CONCERNING THE TERMINATION OF AN INVESTIGATION  
WITH NO SAFEGUARD MEASURE IMPOSED 
 
NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 12.1(C) 
OF THE AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS 
 
NOTIFICATION PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 9, FOOTNOTE 2 
OF THE AGREEMENT ON SAFEGUARDS 
 
TURKEY 
 
(Cotton Yarn ) 
  The following notification, dated 12 August 2008 , is being circulation at the request of the 
Delegation of Turkey.   
 
_______________ 
 
 Turkey initiated an investigation into imports  of cotton yarn and took provisional safeguard 
measure relating to serious injury or threat thereo f to domestic producers of products like or directly 
competing with the imported product.  The initiation of the investigation has been notified to the 
Committee on Safeguards with WTO Documents G/SG/N/6/TUR/14, G/SG/N/7/TUR/2 and 
G/SG/N/11/TUR/10 dated 4 June 2008.  Turkey hereby informs that the related safeguard 
investigation has been terminated without applyi ng any definitive safeguard measure against imports 
of products classified under two headings with Harmonized System (HS) Codes 52.06 and 52.07 due the fact that no evidence has been found for serious injury or threat  thereof caused by increase in 
imports.  The announcement of termination was ma de through a Communiqué published in the 
Turkish Official Gazette on 11 August 2008.     Regarding the remaining products within the sc ope of the above menti oned investigation and 
in light of the agreed format for notifications  (G/SG/W/1, 23 February 1995), Turkey provides 
notification to the Committee on Safeguards of findings of serious injury or threat thereof caused by 
increased imports and notification of proposed safeguard measures.     Consistent with Article 12.3 of the Agreement on Safeguards, Turkey is prepared to consult 
with those Members having a substantial inter est as exporters of the products concerned.   G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12 Page 2 
 
 
  I. EVIDENCE OF SERIOUS INJURY OR THREAT THEREOF CAUSED BY 
INCREASED IMPORTS 
A. E
VIDENCE OF SERIOUS INJURY  
 In order to make a determination of serious  injury to the domestic industry of the like 
products, an evaluation of all relevant factors of an  objective and quantifiable nature having a bearing 
on the situation of the industry has been undertak en.  During the investigation, a sample group from 
the domestic manufacturers bearing the characteris tics which could represent domestic production of 
cotton yarn classified under heading 52.05 was created.  This sample group comprises 90 domestic manufacturers which provided data under the investigation.   
 
 Tables below provide the details of the sample group for cotton yarn classified under heading 52.05.  In addition, overall figures of  the industry contained in the above-mentioned 
notifications regarding the initiation of an investig ation are touched upon relating to all indices.  To 
allow comparison with import data, consumption vol ume data is provided only for the overall industry 
as contained in the above-mentioned notifications.   
 
1. Consumption 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Consumption (Tons) 973.000 959.000 979.000 1.142.000 1.134.000 
Index (2003=100) 100 99 101 117 117 
 
 Data provided by the relevant Chambers of Industry and Commerce, show that the 
consumption of cotton yarn in the domestic mark et was in volumes close to each other in the 
years 2003-2005.  The consumption index has risen significantly by 16 points in 2006, maintaining 
the same level in 2007.    
2. Production 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Consumption (Tons) 475.200 486.758 511.435 523.062 447.393 
Index (2003=100) 100 102 108 110 94 
 
 The production index of the sample group whic h displayed an increase of approximately 
10 points in the 2003-2006 period has fallen by 16 poi nts in 2007.  An important reason for this 
decline was the stoppage of production by certain firms.  A review of the production indices for the 
entirety of the industry also shows that production volume declined in 2007 after a production increase occurring in 2006.    
3. Capacity and capacity utilization rate 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Capacity (Tons) 635.425 648.955 654.767 703.187 638.704 
Index (2003=100) 100 102 103 111 101 
 
 The capacity index of the sample group which ha d a consistent course with small increases in 
the 2003-2005 period, has displayed a rise of 8 points in 2006.  However, due to firm closures  G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12  Page 3 
 
 
  experienced in 2007, in this year it has fallen under its  level in 2003.  The capacity data for the overall 
industry has increased insignificantly in 2007.    
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
CUR (%) 75 75 78 74 70 
 
The capacity utilization rate of the sample gr oup, which displayed small increases until 2006, 
has dropped by 4 points each in 2006 and 2007.  The CUR data for the overall industry has decreased 
in 2007.   
 
4. Domestic Sales 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Domestic Sales (Tons) 387.987 384.593 379.061 432.801 346.126 
Index (2003=100) 100 99 98 112 89 
 
The domestic sales index, which displayed sm all declines in 2004 and 2005, has increased 
by 14 points in 2006.  However, a review of year 2007 data for the sample group shows that there was 
a significant drop of 23 points in domestic sales inde x.  A review of the data for the whole industry 
shows that the developments in domestic sales are in th e same direction with that of the sample group.   
 
5. Inventories 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Inventories (Tons) 23.171 59.330 108.807 112.972 124.267 
Index (2003=100) 100 256 470 488 536 
 
 It is seen from the data of the sample firms that the inventories raised in the period under 
investigation.  It is observed that the rise occurri ng in the inventory index was 48 points in 2007.  The 
overall data on the industry, too, shows that inventories rose in 2007.    6. Intra Company Vertical Use 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Vertical Use (Tons) 29.603 29.790 43.071 35.792 52.209 
Index (2003=100) 100 101 145 121 176 
 
 Some of the firms manufacturing cotton yarn ar e integrated firms which use the yarn they 
produce in their own plants.  Intra company use h as shown a significant increase in the sample firms 
in 2005, dropping by 24 points in 2006 and rising by 55 points in 2007.  It is concluded from the 
carried out reviews that the vertical utilization rate  in the industry is equal to approximately 10 per 
cent of total production, but has ex ceeded this level in 2007.   
 
7. Productivity 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Productivity (Tons/Person) 22 23 24 27 28 
Index (2003=100) 100 103 110 121 127 
 G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12 Page 4 
 
 
   Productivity has risen continuously in the period under investigation in the sample group.  An 
important reason for this productivity increase is the reduction in employment by these firms.  
Industry productivity has also risen continuo usly in the same manner in the period under 
investigation.   
 
8. Employment 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Employment (Person) 21.512 21.402 20.960 19.567 15.998 
Index (2003=100) 100 99 97 91 74 
 
 Employment in the sample group has declined in  the period under investigation with a 6-point 
decrease in 2006 and a 17-point decrease in 2007 which were both significant.  The overall employment data for the industry also reflects the same trend.  This stems from firm closures and 
significant lay offs by other manufacturers who deac tivated certain sections of their plants.  It was 
determined that although it can not be seen in sta tistics, many businesses put their workers on leave 
without pay since they were unable to pay the severance pays of the workers.    
9. Profitability  
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Profitability (%) 16 - 4 -10 - 12 1 
 
 The data from the sample firms has started to  show losses since 2004 with the loss percentage 
increasing in 2005 and 2006 with profits reappeari ng in 2007.  The main reason why there was a 
profit of 1 per cent in 2007 was that a major porti on of the firms which incurred losses in 2006 was 
closed in 2007.  Although th e overall industry data does not show any losses only decreases, the 
changes in the profitability rate reflect approximate ly the same trend as the sample groups' data.   
 
10. Price undercutting 
 As a result of the comparison of the aver age unit prices of those products listed under 
heading 52.05 manufactured by domestic producers in 2007 and those imported in the same year;  the 
amount of price undercutting was calculated by product groups.   
  In calculation of the average unit price of im ported products, the data by Turkish Statistical 
Institute (TURKSTAT) on imports realized in 2007 and the details of the import invoices submitted to 
the investigating authority by the importers were used and the weighted average CIF unit prices of 
imported products by groups were obtained.  An addition equal to 5 per cent was made to these CIF 
unit prices for the average customs duty and other customs expenses;  hence the average unit price 
with customs duty of the imported product was found in USD/Net Kg.     In calculation of the average unit prices of domestic products, year 2007 average domestic 
sale price details in YTL/Gross Kg on different ty pes of yarn was used.  The domestic product unit 
prices derived in YTL/Gross Kg for each group were converted into YTL/Net Kg and were restated 
in USD/Net Kg.     Products classified under heading 52.05 was first divided into two groups as single and multiple yarns and later according to their characteris tics as combed and uncombed yarns.  At the last 
stage the price undercutting was calculated for group s created according to the thicknesses of yarns in 
terms of English cotton yarn number (Ne).  Pri ce undercutting calculated for the uncombed single  G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12  Page 5 
 
 
  yarns for 2007 is between 18 per cent and 47 per cent;  for the combed single yarns it is between 
14 per cent and 29 per cent.  For uncombed multiple  yarns, the price undercutting is between 20 per 
cent and 45 per cent;  for the combed multiple yarns it  is between 15 per cent and 28 per cent in 2007.   
 11. Conclusion 
 The economic indicators concerning cotton yarn classified under heading 52.05 substantially 
worsened throughout the period under investig ation for both the sample group and the overall 
industry.  For the sample group, production, domestic  sales, CUR and employment data recorded their 
lowest levels in 2007.  On the other hand, closing stocks and productivity reach ed their peak levels in 
the same year.  Domestic production lost its market share from 2003 to 2007.  Finally, it is observed 
that the imported product undercut the price of  the domestic product for the year 2007.   
  Taking account of all of these factors, inves tigating authority concludes that the domestic 
industry has suffered serious injury for products classified under heading 52.05.   
 
B. C
AUSATION ANALYSIS  
In order to examine the existence of a causal link between increased imports and the serious 
injury, and in order to ensure that  injury caused by other factors is not attributed to increased imports, 
the investigating authority analyzed th e effects of the following factors:   
 1. Analysis of causation factors 
- Effect of increased imports:   
 
During the period under investigation, the impor t volume of the products under heading 52.05 
has increased continuously and reached to 141,342 tons  in 2007 from a level of 25,653 tons in 2003.  
The rate of increase in imports which were 63. 6 per cent and 46.9 per cent in 2005 and 2006 
respectively have reached its highest level in 2007 with a sudden increase of approximately 120 per 
cent compared to the previous year.  The increase in imports have continue d in January-May period 
of 2008 with an increase of 32 per cent noted in impor ts in this period compar ed to the same period of 
the previous year.    
For the yarns under heading 52.05, the disruptiv e effect of import prices on domestic prices 
has been determined.    
For the foregoing reasons, the investigating aut hority concludes that there is a correlation 
between the increase in imports at low prices and th e serious injury suffered by the domestic industry, 
and that the increase in imports has had injurious effects.   
 
- Other Factors 
 
(a) Changes in consumer preferences and contraction in demand:  Consumption of 
domestic cotton yarn has increased continuously until 2007 and in that year, it has 
approximately maintained its level in the prev ious year.  This indicates that no change 
has occurred in the preferences of cotton yarn  consumers and that also no contraction 
in demand has occurred which could cause impairment in domestic production 
indices.   G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12 Page 6 
 
 
  (b) Effect of competition between the domest ic producers:  During the investigation 
period, over 1 million tons of cotton yarn  production has been carried out by 
numerous manufacturers with no significant change occurring in the conditions of 
competition among domestic manufacturers.   
 
(c) Changes in production technology:  The Turkish cotton yarn industry ranks among 
the top in the world technologically.  The yarn machines in Turkey are rather new 
compared to other manufacturing countries a nd according to the data of International 
Textile Manufacturers Federation, the share of machines not older than 10 years old 
in total capacity is 2.5 times th e world average in Turkey.   
 (d) Alternative products:  There is no ne w product, which can be a cause of the 
impairment in the economic indices of domestic producers of cotton yarn.   
 
(e) Lack of production capacity:  Reviewi ng the consumption and capacity data of 
applicants, it is observed that there is no insufficiency in the production capacity of 
domestic manufacturers which could cause seri ous injury to domestic production.  
Also, the capacity utilization rate of domestic manufacturers is an indication that serious injury is not attributable to a lack of capacity.   
 
(f) Changes in financial costs:  The investig ating authority determined that changes in 
financial costs did not contribute to the in jury suffered by the domestic industry.   
 (g) Effect of changes in export performance:   The cotton yarn exports of the domestic 
manufacturers from heading 52.05 has taken a fluctuating course in the period under 
investigation with the export index wh ich was 100 in 2003, becoming 114, 108, 138 
and 117 respectively in the 2004-2007 period.  It is seen that the export performance 
of domestic manufacturers is stable and th at the volume of fluctuation observed in 
exports during the period under examination is  not the cause of the impairment in the 
economic indices of domestic manufacturers.   
 
(h) Trade restraining practices:  There are no trade defence measures implemented by 
other countries in connection with the cotton yarn exports manufactured by Turkish domestic producers.  In this context, it is inferred that there is no connection between 
the trade restraining practices and the impairment in the economic indices of 
domestic manufacturers.   
 
(i) Capacity increase:  Although the capacity  of domestic manufacturers has increased 
somewhat in the period under investigation,  there has been no excessive increase in 
capacity in the said period.  Part of  the capacity increase has stemmed from 
renovation investments and part of it was a ttributable to new machine purchases.  The 
market conditions which were good until 2007 ha ve been effective in the carrying out 
such capacity increases.   
 
2. Conclusion on causation 
After having examined the injurious effects of the other known factors, the investigating 
authority has reached the conclusion that there is a genuine and substantial causal link between 
increased imports and serious injury to the domestic industry.   
  G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12  Page 7 
 
 
  II. INFORMATION ON WHETHER THERE IS AN ABSOLUTE INCREASE IN 
IMPORTS OR AN INCREASE IN IMPORTS RELATIVE TO DOMESTIC PRODUCTION 
The investigation was conducted in accordance w ith the requirements of Turkish Legislation 
on Safeguard Measures and the procedures prescrib ed by the WTO Agreement on Safeguards and 
Article XIX of GATT 1994, i.e. determination of th e existence of unforeseen developments and effect 
of obligations, including tariff concessions which le d to the increased imports and resulting injury to 
the domestic producers.    
In the cotton yarn industry, the basic dete rminants of the supply, demand and price 
equilibrium are the developments in the cotton, ener gy and textile/garments industries.  Cotton prices, 
one of the basic determinants of the equilibrium pr ice in the cotton yarn market, is demonstrating an 
increase since 2005 according to Cotlook "A" Index published since 1966 on world cotton prices.  
The expected outcome of this development is an in crease in costs. In production of cotton yarn which 
is an energy intensive industrial di scipline, energy prices affect yarn prices directly and significantly.  
The expected natural consequence of the price in creases appearing in energy and raw materials 
since 2005 is an increase in the cost of cotton yarn.    
The Textile and Clothing Agreement reached as a result of Uruguay Round in 1995 governs 
the lifting of quantity restrictions implemented to textiles and garments as of 2005.  As China became 
a member of World Trade Organization in 2001 and was part of this liberalizat ion, an expectation was 
formed that the trade of textiles and garments orig inating from the Far East lead by China and India 
which have a labor cost advantage would increase si gnificantly.  The impact of these developments in 
the textile and clothing industry was an expectati on of increasing demand for cotton yarn especially in 
the Far East.  However, since the increase taking pl ace in investments owing to this expectation was 
greater than the increase in demand, the expected im pact of demand on prices failed to materialize.  
Furthermore, a decrease was observe d in the demand for cotton yarn by China, one of the largest 
cotton yarn consumers, especially since the last quarter of 2007.  It is projected in Cotton USA 
Bulletin that this decrease will be approximately at the rate of 5-7 per cent in 2008/2009.  These 
developments in the industry alongside the excessive  expansion occurring especially in the Far East in 
the last two years have led to an increase in th e stocks of cotton yarn, causing countries to seek 
different markets.   
 
Beside these developments in the world, since 2005 developments occurring in Turkey in 
parameters involving the cotton yarn  production have also caused co tton yarn costs to increase.  
Despite the rapid drop in inflation rates in the y ears 2003 through 2007, the total surge in price indices 
in the same period has been over 50 per cent.  He nce, the increases in the cost of domestically 
procured inputs lead by labour have created a pressure on costs and thus the prices of cotton yarn.    
The costs increasing due to such developments in the domestic and international factors 
impacting the equilibrium prices of cotton yarn were not projected onto the prices of cotton yarn imported to Turkey.  The weighted average of th e import prices of cotton yarn in USD basis has 
remained in 2007 under its level in 2004.  The failu re of import prices to increase despite increasing 
costs; in fact, a drop in such import prices in real terms, have caused domestic yarn manufacturers to face an unexpected import pressure.    
In conclusion, all the developments me ntioned above are revealed as unforeseen 
developments that led to a sudden, sharp and si gnificant increase in the imports of the products 
concerned.    G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12 Page 8 
 
 
  An analysis of the increase in imports to Turk ey of the product concerned has also been 
carried out over the period from 2003 to 2007 and in January-May period of 2007-2008, both in absolute terms and relative to domestic production and consumption.   Imports statistics cover the 
products under heading 52.05.  Imports of the products concerned increased considerably, both in 
absolute terms and relative to domestic production,  during the period under investigation.   
 
1. Course of imports 
Imports (52.05) 
Years Volume  
(Ton) Change in Volume  
(%) Value  
(Thousand $) 
2003 25,653 - 65,230 
2004 26,766 4.3% 82,645 
2005 43,786 63.6% 119,521 
2006 64,340 46.9% 187,231 
2007 141,342 119.7% 432,425 
2007 (1-5) 41,351 - 125,383 
2008 (1-5) 54,643 32.1% 173,686 
 
During the period under investigation, the impor t volume of the products under heading 52.05 
has increased continuously.  The rate of increase in  imports, which were 63.6 per cent and 46.9 per 
cent in 2005 and 2006 respectively, have reached its highest level in 2007, becoming 141,342 tons 
with a sudden increase of approximately 120 per cent compared to the previous year.  The increase in 
imports have continued in  January-May period of 2008, with an increase of 32 per cent noted in 
imports in this period compared to the same period of the previous year.    
2. Market share of imports 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Market Share of Imports  
(%) 2.6 2.8 4.5 5.6 12.5 
 
During the period under investigation, the im ports of products under heading 52.05 have 
increased their market share continuously.  The sai d market share, which was 2.6 % in 2003, has 
reached 5.6 per cent in 2006, going up to 12.5 per cent in 2007 with a rise of more than twofold.   
 
3. Ratio of imports to domestic production 
Years 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 
Ratio of Imports to Domestic 
Production (%) 2,2 2,3 3,6 4,8 10,8 
 
The ratio of the imports of products classifi ed under heading 52.05 to domestic production 
has been in a trend of increase in the period under investigation with a rate which was 2.2 per cent 
in 2003 going up to 4.8 per cent in 2006.  In 2007, owing to the impact of the significant rise in imports, this ratio has leaped to 10.8 per cent.     G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
 G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12  Page 9 
 
 
  III. PRECISE DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCT INVOLVED 
 The product concerned is, cotton yarn (other than sewing thread) not put up for retail sale, 
containing 85 per cent or more by weight of cotton.    IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED MEASURE 
 It is proposed to impose definitive safeguard measure in the form of ad-valorem duty with 
minimum and maximum thresholds as shown in the table below.    
Duty Rates  
(%) 
HS Code 
1. Period(*) 2. Period(*)  3. Period(*)  
52.05 
(Except 
5205.12; 5205.22; 5205.32; 
5205.42)
 20% 
 
Maximum 1,00 USD/ 
Net Kg 
 
Minimum 0,35 USD/ 
Net Kg 19% 
 
Maximum 0,95 USD/ 
Net Kg  
 
Minimum 0,33 USD/ 
Net Kg  18% 
 
Maximum 0,90 USD/ 
Net Kg 
 
Minimum 0,31 USD/ 
Net Kg 
5205.12 5205.22 
5205.32 5205.42 15% 
 
Maximum 1,00 USD/ 
Net Kg 
 
Minimum 0,35 USD/ 
Net Kg 14% 
 
Maximum 0,95 USD/ 
Net Kg  
 
Minimum 0,33 USD/ 
Net Kg  13% 
 
Maximum 0,90 USD/ 
Net Kg 
 
Minimum 0,31 USD/ 
Net Kg 
* The period that the safeguard measure will be in force implies the consecutive one year terms starting 
from the date when the Decision of Council of Ministers numbered 2008/13857 regarding the Implementation of 
the Provisional Safeguard Measure on Imports, published in the Turkish Official G azette numbered 26937 on 
15/7/2008 entered into force.   
 
Below is the list of Developing Countries exclude d from the measures as they export less than 
3 per cent of imports to Turkey (Article 9.1 of the Agreement on Safeguards ) 
 
Afghanistan;  Algeria;  Antigua and Barbuda;  Angola;  Argentina;  American Samoa;  
Anguilla;  Antarctica;  Aruba;  Azerbaijan;  Barba dos; Bangladesh;  Burkina Faso;  Bahrain; Burundi;  
Benin;  Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela;  Brunei Darussalam;  Bolivia;  Brazil;  Bahamas;  Bhutan;  
Botswana;  Belize;  Bermuda;  Bouvet Island;  Britis h Virgin Islands;  British Indian Ocean Territory;  
Democratic Republic of Congo;  Cent ral African Republic;  Congo;  Côte  d'Ivoire;  Cameroon;  Chad;  
Colombia;  Costa Rica;  Cuba;  Cape Verde;  Cayman Islands;  Chile;  Christmas Islands;  
Cocos Islands;  Cook Islands;  Djibouti;  Dominica;  Dominican Republic;  Ecuador;  Egypt;  Eritrea;  
Ethiopia;  Fiji;  Federated States of Micronesia;  Falkland Islands;  French Polynesia;  French 
Southern Territories;  Gabon;  Grenada;  Ghana;  Gambia;  Georgia;  Greenland;  Guinea;  Equatorial Guinea;  Guatemala;  Guinea-Bissau;  Guyana;  Gibraltar;  Guam;  Honduras;  Haiti;  
Heard Island and McDonald Islands;  Indonesia;  Iraq;  Iran (Islamic Republic of);  Jamaica;  Jordan;  
Kazakhstan;  Kenya;  Cambodia;  Kiribati;  Comoros;   St Kitts and Nevis;  Kuwait;  Kyrgyzstan;  
Laos;  Lebanon;  St Lucia;  Sri Lanka;  Liberia;  Lesotho;  Libyan Arab Jamahiriya;  Morocco;  
Madagascar; Marshall Islands; Mali; Moldova; Mongolia; Mauritania; Mauritius; Malaysia; Maldives; 
Malawi; Mozambique; Macao ; Mayotte; Mexico; Montserrat; Namibi a; Niger; Nigeria; Nicaragua; 
Nepal;  Nauru;  Netherlands Antilles;  New Ca ledonia;  Niue Island;  Norfolk Island;  
Northern Mariana Islands;  Oman;  Panama;  Peru ;  Papua New Guinea;  Philippines;  Palau;  G/SG/N/8/TUR/11, G/SG/N/9/TUR/5,  
G/SG/N/10/TUR/11, G/SG/N/11/TUR/12 Page 10 
 
 
  Paraguay;  Pitcairn;  Qatar;  Russian Federation;  Rwanda;  Samoa;  Saudi Arabia;  Solomon Islands;  
Seychelles;  Sudan;  Sierra Leone;  Senegal;  Somalia;  Suriname;  Sao Tomé and Principe;  
El Salvador;  Swaziland;  South Africa;  South Ge orgia and South Sandwich Is lands;  St Helena and 
dependencies; St Pierre and Miquelon;  Tajikistan;  Thailand;  Togo;  Tunisia;  Tonga;  East Timor; 
Trinidad and Tobago;  Tuvalu;  Tanzania;  Toke lau;  Turks and Caicos Islands;  Ukraine;  
United Arab Emirates;  United States Minor outlyi ng islands;  Uganda;  Uruguay;  St Vincent;  
Vietnam;  Vanuatu;  Virgin Islands of US;  Wa llis and Futuna Islands;  Yemen;  Zambia;  and 
Zimbabwe.    V. PROPOSED DATE OF INTRODUCTION OF THE MEASURE 
The investigation report was published in the Turkish Official Gazette on 11 August 2008.  
Application of the measure is pending ap proval of the Council of Ministers.   
 
VI. EXPECTED DURATION OF THE MEASURE 
 The expected duration of the proposed measure is three years.   
 
VII. PROPOSED DATE FOR THE REVIEW 
 Not applicable.   
 
VIII.  EXPECTED TIMETABLE FOR PROGRESSIVE LIBERALIZATION OF THE 
MEASURE 
 In order to induce adjustment, the proposed measure will be subject to liberalization on a 
regular basis following its imposition, thereby ensuri ng that there is a strong incentive for domestic 
producers to undertake progressively the necessary restructuring and adjustment.  The proposed 
measure is to be progressively liberaliz ed as indicated in item IV above.   
 
IX. INFORMATION RELATING TO THE EXTENSION OF A SAFEGUARD MEASURE 
 Not applicable.   
   
__________