WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  IP/C/W/539 
19 October 2009 
 
 (09-5121) 
Council for Trade-Related Aspects 
of Intellectual Property Rights Original:   English 
 
 
 
TECHNICAL COOPERATION ACTIVITIES: 
INFORMATION FROM MEMBERS 
 
JAPAN 
 
 
 The following communication, dated 2 October 2009, is being circulated at the request of the delegation of Japan.  
 Communications from other developed country Me mbers will be circulated as addenda to this 
document. 
 
_______________ 
 
 I. TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL 
PROPERTY RIGHTS 
A. V
OLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS FOR WIPO  FUNDS -IN-TRUST /JAPAN  
1. Since 1987, the Government of Japan has been providing voluntary contributions in the field 
of industrial property to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).  The "WIPO Funds-in-
Trust/Japan" (FIT/JP) in the field of industrial property was established with these voluntary funds.  
The FIT/JP is used annually to finance various proj ects for WIPO member States in the Economic and 
Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP),  such as the holding of IP office conferences or 
symposia, acceptance of trainees and IPR research st udents, dispatch of Japan Patent Office (JPO) 
officials and support for the automation and moderniza tion of IP offices.  The voluntary fund for the 
Japanese fiscal year (FY) 2009 amounts to Sw F 1.83 million. 
2. In addition to the above, since FY 2008, the G overnment of Japan has been providing a new 
Japan Funds-in-Trust programme for Africa in the amount of Sw F 1.1 million.  This fund will 
support activities aimed inter alia  at strengthening the legal and administrative frameworks for 
Intellectual Property (IP) protection, modernize IP infrastructure to ensure high quality service to users, share the experience of Japanese SMEs and experts in business oriented IP management and 
human resource development in Africa. 
B. P
ROGRAMMES BY JPO 
1. Training Programme 
3. In order to support developing countries obligated  to implement the TRIPS Agreement, Japan 
has been receiving trainees from these countries.   Between April 1996 and March 2009, Japan 
received 3,076 trainees in both the public and private sector from 55 countries and one economy 
primarily in the Asia-Pacific region.  In the futu re, with the goal of the efficient implementation of IP/C/W/539 
Page 2  
 
  laws in mind, Japan is scheduled to proceed w ith human resource development activities emphasizing 
the area of enforcement of intellectual property rights. 
(a) Training programmes for government officials 
4. The JPO has been holding group training courses about industrial property rights for 
government officials.  In FY 2008, 12 group training  courses were held and 157 participants in total 
received training.  
5. For APEC member economies, these three training courses are implemented by the JPO and 
the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA)  in cooperation with the Asia-Pacific Industrial 
Property Center (APIC) of the Japan Ins titute of Invention and Innovation (JIII): 
 - The Group Training Course in Intellectual Property for APEC Economies is a three-
week course for officials in charge of pr eventive activities of counterfeits goods as 
well as dissemination and education of  the intellectual property system. 
  - The Country Focused Training Course in Capacity Building for Intellectual Property 
Administration and Enforcement Staff is a two-week course for staff of enforcement 
agencies, judicial bodies and admini stration agencies in Viet Nam. 
  - The Country Focused Course on Intell ectual Property Protection for Chinese 
Government Officials is a five-day co urse for patent examiners and judges. 
 6. For the ESCAP region, these seven training cour ses are organized by the WIPO and managed 
by the JPO in cooperation with the APIC of JIII: 
 - The "Training Course on the Enforcement of IPR under WIPO Funds-in-Trust/Japan" 
is a two-week course for senior officials engaged in the enforcement of IPR in 
enforcement-related government agencies. 
 
 - The "Training Course on the Use of Information Technology in IP Administration 
under WIPO Funds-in-Trust/Japan" is a two-week course for senior officials of IP offices responsible for information technology matters. 
  - The "Training Course on the Examination Practices of Industrial Property 
(Intermediate/Advanced Programme) under WIPO Funds-in-Trust/Japan" is a two-
week course for examiners in the field of IP R.  Trainees are divided into three groups 
according to their specialities:  patents, industrial designs, and trademarks. 
  - The "Training Course on the Examinati on Practices of Industrial Property (Basic 
Programme) under WIPO Funds-in-Trust/Japan " is a two-week course for examiners 
in the field of IPR.  Trainees are divided into two groups according to their 
specialities:  patents and trademarks. 
  - The "Training Course on Industria l Property Administration under WIPO 
Funds-in-Trust/Japan" is a two-week course for officials in charge of general administration and policy planning. 
 
 - The "Training Courses for patent exam iners on specified technologies under WIPO 
Funds-in-Trust/Japan" are five-day courses for patent examiners.  Three kinds of courses were held in FY 2008; optical devices technology and automotive sector. 
  IP/C/W/539 
 Page 3 
 
 
  7. For the ESCAP region, these two training courses are implemented by the JPO, in 
cooperation with the APIC of JIII and the Association for Overseas Technical Scholarship (AOTS). 
 - The JPO/IPR Training Course on the Patent Examination Practices for ASEAN 
member countries is five-day course for officials in IP offices of ASEAN member 
countries. 
 
 - The JPO/IPR Training Course on the Patent Examination Practices for India is five-
day course for officials in IP offices of India. 
 8. In addition to the above group training courses by  the JPO, three-week training Course on the 
legal system of IPR and the Enforcement of IPR was implemented by the JICA in cooperation with 
the WIPO and Kyoto Comparative Law Center (Non-Profit Research Organization) for officials engaged in the enforcement of IPR in enforcem ent-related government agencies of  Kenya and 
Nigeria in FY 2008. 
(b) Training programmes for the private sector 
9. The JPO has also been holding the following group training courses on industrial property 
rights for trainees from the private sector.  In FY  2008, the following five group training courses were 
held and 74 participants in total received training: 
 - "JPO/IPR Training Course for Lawyers" 
 
 Trainees of this three-week course include patent attorneys and/or IP lawyers, 
corporate employees engaged as liaisons for legal affairs dealing with licence 
agreements and infringement of rights , among other things, and judges and/or 
prosecutors. 
  - "JPO/IPR Training Course for IP Trainers" 
 
 Trainees of this three-week course are  employees at universities or research 
institutions involved in education on the intellectual property system and those 
engaged in the dissemination of the IP R in IP promotional organizations. 
  - "JPO/IPR Training Course for Advanced IP Practitioners" 
 
 Trainees of this three-week course incl ude IP practitioners in private businesses, 
patent attorneys, IP lawyers, and employees at patent/law offices, and persons undertaking business guidance at IP promotional organizations. 
 
 - "JPO/IPR Training Course for Chinese IP Practitioners" 
 
 Trainees of this three-week course incl ude IP practitioners in private businesses, 
patent attorneys, IP lawyers, and employees at patent/law offices, and persons undertaking business guidance at IP promotional organizations in China. 
 
 - "JPO/IPR Training Course for Patent Experts" 
 
 Trainees of this three-week course include patent practitioners in private businesses, 
patent attorneys and IP lawyers, and pe rsons engaged in patent work within 
organizations such as those disseminating and encouraging patent use and knowledge. IP/C/W/539 
Page 4  
 
   
10. These 5 training courses are managed by the JPO in cooperation with the APIC of JIII and the 
AOTS. 
2. Long-term Fellowship 
11. Under the long-term fellowship project funded by WIPO FIT/JP, two trainees, one from  
India and one from Pakistan, were invited to Japan in FY 2008 to study intellectual property issues for 
a period of six months.  In FY 2008, the JPO accepted two trainees on the long-term fellowship, one from China and one from Afghanistan, for about six months under an independent project. 
3. Seminar on Intellectual Property Rights for Alumni Association Members 
12. The JPO have suggested to the trainees that an alumni association be established to help 
disseminate information on IP systems in thei r home countries and to keep the members of the 
association informed of current IP developments .  The JPO have conducted a follow-up seminar in 
various Asian countries for those who have complete d a training programme in order to sustain the 
fruits of the training programmes and contri bute to human resources development.  
13. When the JPO receives a request from an alumni  association to assist them in conducting an 
IP seminar, we provide them with the following t ypes of assistance:  financial assistance to meet the 
cost of holding the seminar, and the disp atching of Japanese speak ers to the event.  
14. In FY 2008, Alumni Association Seminars were  held in India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the 
Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam. 
4. Expert Missions 
15. Experts and seminar speakers specializing in various areas of IPRs are dispatched by the JPO 
through WIPO FIT/JP and the JICA mainly for peri ods of about two weeks.  The dispatched experts 
mainly provide on-site in struction regarding examination practices, computerization and so forth. 
16. The JPO has dispatched long-term experts under th e JICA scheme in order to engage in JICA 
technical cooperation projects being implemented in the IP office of the respective recipient countries. 
17. In FY 2008, 10 experts were dispatched unde r the WIPO scheme and 20 experts were 
dispatched under the JICA scheme. 
5. Symposia 
18. Major symposia, etc., in FY 2008 funded by the WIPO FIT/JP are shown below: 
Title Venue/Date Theme Participants 
WIPO Asia-Pacific 
Regional Workshop Thailand  
September 
2008 Effective Enforcement of 
Intellectual Property Rights: Strengthening Border Measures 50 participants from 20 
Asia and the Pacific Countries and local participants 
WIPO Study Programme Japan 
October 2008 Effective Development and 
Utilization of IP Assets 20 participants from 9 
Asia and the Pacific 
Countries ,WIPO, local 
participants, and JPO  IP/C/W/539 
 Page 5 
 
 
  Title Venue/Date Theme Participants 
WIPO Regional 
Forum Viet Nam 
October 2008 The Forum for University 
Intellectual Property (IP) Coordinators 50 participants from 17 
Asia and the Pacific Countries and local participants 
WIPO Regional Colloquium Sri Lanka 
November 2008 Intellectual Property Education, 
Training and Research  50 participants from 15 
Asia and the Pacific Countries and local participants 
WIPO Regional Workshop Indonesia 
February 2009 The Role of It in Effective 
Management 100 participants from 
17 Asia and the Pacific Countries and local 
participants 
 
6. Provision of the "Patent Abstracts of Japan (PAJ)" on CD-ROM 
19. There has been a problem of third parties obtaining patents in other countries for the 
inventions for which applications have already been filed in Japan.  To help prevent this problem and 
improve the quality of examinations in developi ng countries, the JPO has been publishing the CD-
ROM version Patent Abstracts of Japan (PAJ).  PA J contains English translations of bibliographic 
data and patent abstracts as well as representativ e drawings published in the Kokai Tokkyo Koho, 
which contains information about unexamined patent applications.  Since April 1995, the JPO has 
provided a CD-ROM PAJ free of charge to about 92 foreign organizations including major IP Offices 
and international organizations. 
7. Project to Publish (in English and Japanese) the Industrial Property Laws and 
Regulations in Effect in Various Countries 
20. The JPO translated laws and regulations, which were related to the i ndustrial property rights 
of major developed and developing countries, into E nglish.  From 1997 to 2003, the translations were 
published as CD-ROMs equipped with searchable indexes. 
21. Since 2004, the JPO has provided the laws and re gulations of various countries and regions 
through its website.  At present, translations of the laws and re gulations of about 60 countries and 
organizations can be browsed on the JPO website. 
8. Assistance in Search and Examination - WI PO/State-of-the-Art Searches for Developing 
Countries 
22. Since 1975, the WIPO has been conducting a "Sta te-of-the-Art Searches Program" by which 
IP offices of advanced countries has been making sea rch reports for developing countries in order to 
provide the latter with such information at no ch arge within the framework of the WIPO Patent 
Information Services.  The JPO reached an agreem ent with the WIPO on 23 September, 1984 in terms 
of cooperating with it, and has been carrying out searches concerned from the standpoint of 
international contributions since then. 
 IP/C/W/539 
Page 6  
 
  C. JICA
 PROJECTS  
1. Project for Human Resources Development in the Intellectual Property Rights 
Administration in Malaysia  
23. Since June 2007, the Project for Human Resources Development in the Intellectual Property 
Rights Administration of Intellectual Property Corporation of Malaysia (MyIPO) has been carried out 
by the JICA.  The overall goal of the project is to  improve intellectual property rights administration, 
and to activate research and development activities in Malaysia. 
2. Modernization of Industrial Property Administration Project in the Philippines 
24. From May 1999 to May 2003, the "Moderniza tion of Industrial Property Administration 
Project" at the Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines (IP Phil) to establish patent 
administration systems was carried out by the JI CA.  The JPO dispatched long-term experts in 
cooperation with JPO  for technology transfer and human resource development.  The follow-up 
cooperation for the project was carried  out from November 2004 to March 2007. 
3. Project for Utilization of Intellectual Property Information in VietNam 
25. From April 2000 to June 2004, the "Moderniza tion of Industrial Property Administration 
Project in VietNam", at the National Office of Intellectual Property of VietNam (NOIP) was carried 
out by the JICA.  This project was aimed at de veloping human resources through the automation of 
administrative work in NOIP.  From January 2005 to March 2009, the JICA has also carried out the 
second phase of the project and the JICA dispatched a long-term expert in cooperation with JPO in 
order to support this project.  As a result, the IP DL system was launched in February and the e-filing 
system was started in June 2007.  In March 2009, a seminar was held in Vietnam to promote the 
utilization of each system which was a result of the project. 
4. Support for Utilization of Information Technology in Malaysia 
26. In Malaysia, the JICA impl emented development study  in cooperation with JPO to support 
the establishment of an industrial design administration system of MyIPO from July 2002 to February 2005. 
5. Intellectual Property Rights Administrati on through Utilization and Communication 
Technology in Indonesia 
27. In Indonesia, the JICA implemented developm ent study in cooperation with JPO to support 
the establishment of an Intellectual Property Di gital Library (IPDL) system carried out from 
June 2005 to March 2007 at the Directorate Genera l of Intellectual Property Rights (DGIPR).  
6. Project for Intellectual Property Administration in Indonesia 
28. Since February 2005, the JICA has been offering instruction and advice to the DGIPR in 
terms of the "Project for Intellectual Property Admi nistration", for the purpose of modernizing its IP 
administration, improving its legislation and enfo rcement, and expanding th e cooperative network in 
South-East Asia.  The phase 1 of the project was completed in June 2007, and the phase 2 of the 
project is now ongoing.  IP/C/W/539 
 Page 7 
 
 
  II. TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF COPYRIGHT 
A. JCO  PROGRAMMES  
29. The Japan Copyright Office (JCO), Agency fo r Cultural Affairs, has been planning and 
carrying out the following programmes with a view to  contributing to the development of copyright 
systems in developing countries as well as to strengthening regional c ooperation among Asia-Pacific 
countries. 
1. APACE Programme (since 1993) 
30. This programme, which is called "APACE (Asi a-Pacific Copyright Systems Enhancement) 
Programme", was started in 1993 in  cooperation with the WIPO, targ eting Asia-Pacific countries.  
The APACE Programme consists of the following six activities: 
(a) Annual Regional Symposium (since 1993) 
Year Venue Participants 
2005 Yogyakarta, Indonesia 70 participants from 16 countries  
2006 Vientiane, Lao PDR 60 participants from 19 countries 
2007 Kathmandu, Nepal 50 participants from 16 countries 
2009 Hanoi, Viet Nam 50 participants from 12 countries 
 
(b) Training Programme in Tokyo, Japan (since 1994) 
Year Participants 
2005 9 trainees from Bhutan, Cambodia, Chin a, Malaysia, Mongolia, Sri Lanka, and  
Viet Nam  
2006 9 trainees from India, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam 
2007  6 trainees from Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam 
2008  10 trainees from China, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam 
 
(c) Experts Missions (since 1999) 
31. This programme was started in 1999, in order to assist the countries in developing and 
strengthening infrastructure for the protection and management of copyright and neighbouring rights. 
Year Venue 
2005 Sri Lanka 
2007 Pakistan 
2008 Sri Lanka IP/C/W/539 
Page 8  
 
   
(d) Training on Collective Management (since 2000) 
32. This programme was started in 2000.  It is an on-the-job training for staff of collective 
management organizations or governme nt officials in developing countries. 
Year Country 
2005 India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand 
2006 Indonesia and Mongolia 
2007 China and the Philippines 
2008 Cambodia and Sri Lanka 
 
(e) National Seminar on Copyright and Neighbouring Rights (since 2000) 
33. This programme was started in 2000, in order to promote awareness of the protection of 
copyright and neighbouring rights, and the role it can play in cultural and economic development of 
developing countries. 
Year Venue 
2005 Mongolia and Myanmar  
2006 Myanmar 
2007 Cambodia and Pakistan 
2008 Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Sri Lanka, Tonga and Viet Nam. 
 
(f) Sub-Regional Roundtable (since 2003) 
34. This programme was started in 2003, in order to promote awareness of the importance of 
protection of copyright and rela ted rights, and to discuss available opportunities for the use and 
management of copyright to support business activiti es for the use and management of copyright to 
support business activities in copyright-based industries. 
Year Venue Participants 
2005 Sri Lanka 6 participants from B hutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan 
2006 Bhutan 8 participants from Afghanis tan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Lao 
PDR, Myanmar, Pakistan, Samoa and Sri Lanka 
2008 Malaysia 15 participants from Bangladesh , China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan, the 
Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam 
2009 Fiji 39 participants from Bangladesh , Cambodia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Lao 
PDR, Marshall Island, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vanuatu. 
 
2. Asian Copyright Seminar (since 1997) 
 This programme was started in 1997, to provide participating copyright experts of 
Asia-Pacific countries with opportunities to ex change information and viewpoints as well as to 
discuss possible regional common positions and/or actions  in the future.  The title will be changed to 
"Asia Copyright Conference" from 2010.  IP/C/W/539 
 Page 9 
 
 
  Year Venue Participants 
2005 Tokyo, Japan 100 participants from 10 countries (ASEAN + 3 members) 
2006 Tokyo, Japan 100 participants from 9 countries (ASEAN + 3 members) 
2007 Tokyo, Japan 80 participants from 11 countries (ASEAN + 3 members)+Mongolia 
2008 Tokyo, Japan 90 participants from 13 countries 
2009  Tokyo, Japan 80 participants from 9 countries 
 
B. JICA  GROUP TRAINING COURSE (SINCE 1998) 
35. This JICA training course started in 1998, in cooperation with the JCO, to contribute to the 
copyright systems development. 
Year Participants 
2005 7 trainees from China, Colombia, Indonesi a, Malawi, Panama, Peru and Thailand 
2006 6 trainees from Bangladesh, China, Ind onesia, Mexico, Myanmar and Panama  
2007 6 trainees from Chile, Indonesia, Myanmar,  the Philippines, St. Vincent and the 
Grenadines and Thailand 
2008  8 trainees from China, Indonesia, Kazakhs tan, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam 
2009  6 trainees from Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam 
 
III. TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF PLANT 
VARIETY PROTECTION 
A. COOPERATION THROUGH THE UPOV 
36. Through the UPOV Trust Fund of Japan, the Government of Japan has supported a 
programme which provides Asian countries with semi nars and workshops on plant variety protection 
systems. 
37. National Seminars have been held since FY  1991 for the purpose of contributing to the 
promotion and establishment of the plant variety pr otection systems.  The Asian Regional Technical 
Meeting scheme has been held sin ce Japanese FY 2000, in order to provide some practical knowledge 
and technique relating to the plant variety protec tion, as well as to promote regional cooperation in 
variety testing. 
38. Details of the National Seminars and the Asia n Regional Technical Meetings and the Western 
and Central Asian Regional Workshops wh ich have been held are as follows: 
1. National Seminars 
Year Venue 
2005 Viet Nam, Thailand, Indonesia 
2006 Kyrgyz Republic 
2007 Indonesia 
 IP/C/W/539 
Page 10  
 
  2. Asian Regional Technical Meeting 
Year Venue Participants 
2005 Singapore 20 participants from Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao 
PDR, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, the Philippines, 
Singapore, Sri Lanka and Thailand 
2006 Malaysia 37 participants from Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, 
Nepal, the Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Viet Nam 
2007 Thailand 35 participants from Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, 
Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Viet Nam  
 3. Western and Central Asian Regional Workshop 
Year Venue Participants 
2005 Iran 40 participants form Afghanist an, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, 
Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan 
2006 Tajikistan 16 participants from Iran, Jord an, Kyrgyz Republic, Mongolia, Pakistan, 
Turkey and Uzbekistan  
2007 Kyrgyz 
Republic 16 participants from Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Pakistan, 
Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan 
2008  Turkey 40 Participants from Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Pakistan, 
Iran, Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan 
2009 Moldova 50 Participants from Armenia, Be larus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, 
Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Tajik istan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan 
 
B. JICA  GROUP  TRAINIG  COURSE 
39. This JICA training course was started in 2000 in  cooperation with NCSS (National Center for 
Seed and Seedling) to contribute to the establis hment of breeder's rights protection systems. 
Year Participants 
2005 7 trainees from Argentine, China, Kenya,  the Philippines, Viet Nam and Zimbabwe 
2006 8 trainees from Brazil, China, Malaysia , Mexico, Nepal, Senegal and Thailand 
2007 11 trainees from Cambodia, China, Ind onesia, Kenya, Lao PDR, Malaysia and 
Sri Lanka 
2008 10  trainees from Cambodia, China, Kenya, Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Syria and 
Viet Nam 
2009 10 trainees from Cambodia, China, Indonesi a, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri 
Lanka, Syria and Viet Nam 
 
C. COOPERATION THROUGH THE EAST ASIA PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION FORUM  
40. To facilitate establishment and international harmonization of PVP systems in East Asian 
countries, the East Asia Plant Variety Protection Forum was set up in 2008 with participation of 
ASEAN countries, China, Republic of Korea and Japan.  IP/C/W/539 
 Page 11 
 
 
  41. Various cooperative activities which Japan had pr oposed in this forum were implemented.  
2. Workshop for Cooperation in Harmonization of Test Guidelines and DUS Test 
Year Venue Participants 
2008 Indonesia 50 participants from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, 
Republic of Korea, Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam 
2009 Thailand 70 participants from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, 
Myanmar, Republic of Korea, Philippines, Singapore and Viet Nam 
 
3. Seminar on Plant Variety Protection 
Year Venue Participants 
2008 VietNam 43 participants from China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Lao PDR, 
Republic of Korea and Viet Nam 
 
4. Training Course in Japan 
Year Course Participants 
Basic Training Course 2 participants from Philippines and Thailand 
Short-Term Technical 
Training  Course 9 participants from China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, 
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam 2008 
Long-term Technical 
Training Course 2 participants from China and Thailand 
2009 Basic Training Course 2 participants from Indonesia and Thailand 
 
5. Dispatch of Experts for In-Country Training  
Year Venue 
2008 Viet Nam, Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore 
 
 IV. TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF BORDER 
MEASURES 
42. The Ministry of Finance of the Government of Japan has provided a training course, expert 
mission and APEC workshops on the TRIPS Agreem ent in the field of border measures for the 
enforcement of intellectual property rights.  The ma in purpose of these programmes is to assist in the 
smooth implementation of the TRIPS Agreement by cu stoms officials in developing countries in the 
Asia-Pacific region.  Details of these programmes since FY 2003 are as follows: 
1. Training Course 
Year Venue Participants 
2005 Japan 16 participants from Cambodia, Ch ina, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, 
Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam  
2006 Japan 16 participants from Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, the 
Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam 
 IP/C/W/539 
Page 12  
 
  2. Expert Mission 
Year Venue 
2005 Malaysia and the Philippines 
2006 China 
 
3. APEC Workshops on the TRIPS Agreement 
Year Venue 
2005 Thailand 
2006 Malaysia 
 
 
__________