ICS 65.060.10  
T 61  
                                                         GB 
National Standard of the People’s Republic of China   
    GB 18447.4 –– 200X  
_______________________________________________________________  
 
  
Safety requirements for tractors  
Part 4:  Belt -drive wheeled tractors  
(Draft for Approval)  
26 October 2007  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issue Date: 200×-××-××                    Implementation Date: 200 ×-××-×× 
____________________________________________________________________  
General Administration  of Quality Supervision,  Inspection 
and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China  
(AQSIQ)  Issued  
by Standardisation Administration of the People's Republic of 
China  (SAC)  
 Foreword  
 
     All clauses of this Part are mandatory clauses, and serve as the basis f or safety 
inspection and testing.  
     GB 18447 “Safety Requirements for Tractors” contains four parts:  
     –– Part 1:  Wheeled tractors;  
     –– Part 2:  Walking tractors;  
     –– Part 3:  Crawler tractors;  
     –– Part 4:  Belt -drive wheeled tractors.  
     This is Part 4 of GB18447.  
     Annex A to this Part is a normative annex.  
     This Part is proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.  
     This Part is under the jurisdiction of the National Tractors Standardisation 
Technical Committee.  
     The unit responsible for drafting this Part is: National Tractor Quality 
Inspection Centre.  
     The main units responsible for drafting  this Part are: YTO Group Corporation, 
and Shandong Shifeng (Group) Co., Ltd.  
     The main drafters of this Part are: Z hizhong Lang, Chaoyang Tian, Lianhua Lin, 
Jingzhong Li, Jisheng Yang, Huijuan Xu, Binbin Wang, and Xiangsheng Shang.  
     This is the first version of this Part.  Introduction  
 
     This Part relates to the safety issues of belt -drive wheeled tractors.  
     Hazards concerned in this Part conform to those set out in GB/T 15706.1 -2007.  Safety requirements for tractors  
Part 4:  Belt -drive wheeled tractors  
 
1   Scope  
     This Part proposes the limitations regarding  aspects of physical performances 
and expecte d use of belt -drive wheeled tractors. The stipulated safety requirements 
apply to hazards created in each stage of a machine’s service as specified in 
Subsection 3.6 of GB/t 15706.1 -2007.  
     This Part applies to belt -drive wheeled tractors (hereinafter r eferred to as 
“tractors”) used in this country.  
 
2   Normative references  
     The provisions of the following documents become provisions of this Part after 
being referenced in this Part of GB 18447. For dated reference documents, all later 
amendments (ex cluding corrigenda) and revised versions do not apply to this Part.  
However, the parties to the agreement are encouraged to study whether the latest 
version of these documents applies. For undated reference documents, the latest 
versions apply to this Par t. 
     GB /T 3871.6 Agricultural tractors –– Test procedures –– Part 6: Determination 
of braking performance of vehicles for agriculture and forestry use ( GB/T 
3871.6 -2006ISO 5697: 1982: IDT)  
     GB/T 3871.8 Agricultural tractors –– Testing procedures –– Part 8: Noise 
measurement (GB/T 3871.8 -2006, OECD R5: 2002, MOD)  
     GB/T 3871.13 Agricultural tractors –– Testing procedures –– Part 13: 
Measurement of exhaust smo ke (GB/T 3871.13 -2006, ISO 789 -4: 1986, MOD)  
     GB/T 4269.1 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn 
and garden equipment –– Symbols for operator controls and other displays –– Part 1: 
Common symbols (GB/T 4269.1 -2000, idt. ISO 3767 -1: 1991)  
     GB/T 4269.2 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn 
and garden equipment –– Symbols for operator controls and other displays –– Part 2: 
Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery ( GB/T 4269.2 -2000idt. ISO 3767 -2: 
1991 ) 
     GB 6376 Noise limitation for tractors  
     GB/T 9480 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry,  powered lawn and garden equipment  –– Operators manuals  –– Content and presentation  (GB/T 
9480 -2001, eqv. ISO 3600: 19 96) 
     GB 9656 Safety glazing materials for road vehicles  (GB 9656 -2003, ECE R43: 
2000, NEQ)  
     GB 10395.1 -2001 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry  –– 
Technical means for ensuring safety  –– Part 1:  General  principles  (eqv. ISO 4254 -1: 
1989) 
     GB 10396 Tractors  and machinery for agriculture and forestry,  powered lawn 
and garden equipmen t –– Safety signs and hazard pictorials  –– General principles  
(GB 10396 -2006, ISO 11684: 1995, MOD)  
     GB/T 10910 Agricultural wheeled tractors  — Meas urement of whole -body 
vibration of the operator  (GB/T 10910 -2004, ISO 5008: 2001, NEQ ) 
     GB/T 13876 Agricultural  wheeled tractors  — Evaluation criteria of whole body 
vibration of the operator.  
     GB/T 15706.1 -2007 Safety of machinery  –– Basic concept,  general principles 
for design  –– Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology  (ISO 12100 -1: 2003, IDT)  
     GB/T 20948 Rear-view mirrors requirements for agricultural  and forestry 
tractors  
     GB/T 20949 Recommendation for installation of lighting and light -signalling 
devices for wheeled agricultural  and forestry tractors  
     GB/T xxxx.1 Strength test methods and approval conditions of wheeled 
agricultural and forestry tractors with narrow wheel span –– Part 1: Front -located 
static test methods ( GBT xxxx.1 -200xOECD Code 6:  2005MOD ) 
     GB/T xxxx.2 Strength test methods and approval conditions of wheeled 
agricultural and forestry tractors with narrow wheel span –– Part 2: Front -located 
dynamic test methods ( GBT xxxx.2 -200xOECD Code 6:  2005MOD ) 
     GB/T xxxx .3 Strength test methods and approval conditions of wheeled 
agricultural and forestry tractors with narrow wheel span –– Part 3: Rear -located static 
test methods ( GBT xxxx.3 -200xOECD Code 7:  2005MOD ) 
     GB/T xxxx.4 Strength test methods and approval co nditions of wheeled 
agricultural and forestry tractors with narrow wheel span –– Part 4: Rear -located 
dynamic test methods ( GBT xxxx.4 -200xOECD Code 7:  2005MOD ) 
     JB/T 6701 Front illuminating lamps for tractors and CRVs  
     JB/T 8303 Agricultural tractors  – Driver's seat belt  (JB/T 8303 -1999eqv. ISO 3776:  1989 ) 
 
3   List of hazards  
     The potential hazards in the running, operation and maintenance processes of 
tractors are shown in Table 1.  
 
Table 1   List of hazards  
Serial No  Hazard  Serial No  Haza rd 
1 Crashing hazard  7 Burning injury due to 
contact with heat source  
2 Cutting hazard  8 Hazard caused by 
electrolyte leakage  
3 Rotating parts without 
protective device  9 Insufficient lighting signal  
4 Mechanical failure  10 Too much noise  
5 Excessive exhaust smoke  11 Braking failure  
6 Skidding on a bypass or 
other places  12 Hazards caused by 
incorrect operation  
 
4   Safety requirements and/or measures and determinations  
4.1   General requirements  
4.1.1   In a tractor with a cab, a rider’s seat can be  provided. It should be secured 
firmly and its location should not affect the driver’s operation. Moreover, the seat 
should not increase the external dimensions of the tractor. For tractors without a cab, 
it is forbidden to install a rider’s seat at the re ar mudguards.  
4.1.2    The wheel hubs and rims of the tractor should have sufficient strength to 
guarantee that they will not be damaged during normal operation and maintenance.  
4.1.3    A safety protection device should be located at the hydraulic system of  the 
tractor to prevent overloading. The bursting pressure of the hydraulic circuit used in 
the hydraulic steering system should be able to endure at least 4 times normal working 
pressure of the system, whereas the bursting pressure of other hydraulic circ uits 
should be able to endure at least 2.5 times of normal working pressure of the system.  
In addition, the endurable normal working pressure should be indicated on the circuit.  
4.1.4  The electric circuit connection of the tractor should be correct and re liable.  
The leads should be tied in a bunch, neatly arranged, and fixed tightly. The joint 
should be firm and covered by an insulation sleeve. When a lead goes through a hole, 
an insulation sleeve should be attached thereto. The arrangement of hydraulic c ircuits 
and electric circuits  of tractor should avoid rubbing and contacting with any heat generating parts.  
4.1.5   The front windscreen of the cab should be made of safety glass and should 
meet the requirements set out in GB 9656. The front windscreen sh ould be equipped 
with a wiper, and the starting and ending positions of the wiper should not affect the 
driver’s field of vision.  
4.1.6   The installation of the fuel tank of the tractor should guarantee that there are 
no protrusions, sharp edges, or sharp  angles. For tractors with a cab, the fuel pipeline 
and fuel port must be installed outside the cab. The structure of the fuel tank itself 
should meet the following requirements:  
a)  when a pressure of 2 times the fuel tank working pressure or compressed 
air of no less than 30 kPa is injected to the fuel tank, there should be no 
leakage within 10 min;  
b)  when the fuel tank is injected with 85% of its rated water capacity, the fuel 
tank cap is closed, and the tank turned upside down to make its fuel port 
face downwards, the leakage via the fuel tank cap and the air 
intake/exhaust device should not be over 30 g/min.  
4.1.7    The maximum light -opaque smoke exhaust value of tractor should not be 
greater than 3.2 m-1 and should be measured according to the requir ements set out in 
GB/T 3871.13.  
4.1.8    The noise limit value in the tractor environment and at the driver’s operating 
position should meet the requirements set out in GB 6376 and should be tested 
according to the requirements set out in GB/T 3871.8.  
4.2   Safety protection  
4.2.1    When a driver is operating or performing maintenance according to the 
operating manual of a product, protective and/or safety warning signs should indicate 
any hazards that may jeopardise the health and safety of the operator or any 
potentially hazardous places. Any exposed rotating parts prone to causing hazards 
should be equipped with protective devices, which should be fixed firmly and reliably, 
compression -resistant, without any sharp angles or acute edges. As to other exposed  
structural parts, there should be no such structural shapes as sharp angles or acute 
edges that would easily cause harm to the operator.  
4.2.1.1    When the power output axle is out of operation, a safety protective case 
should be attached to it. When the power output axle is in use, it must be installed 
with a safe protective case.  
4.2.1.2    Pedals, foot pedals and steps should be skid -proof and equipped with 
protruding edges or baffles, if necessary. Their dimensions should meet the 
requirements set out i n subsection 10.1.3 of GB 10395.1 -2001.  4.2.1.3    The starting jaw should be equipped with a protective edge, and the axle 
end should not protrude out of the protective edge.  
4.2.1.4    The fan, pulley (including the pulley of flywheel) and flywheel should be 
equipped with protective edges.  
4.2.2    The position and direction of the outlet of the exhaust pipe should be 
arranged in such way that the driver’s or other drivers’ exposure to hazardous gas and 
smog is minimised. The muffler and exhaust pipe should be equipped with 
thermo -insulation devices, and the reachable safe distance when going through the 
protective devices should meet the requirements set out in Subsection 7.1.5 of GB 
10395.1 -2001.  
4.2.3    The arrangement of the battery should be placed so as  to avoid any hazards to 
the driver caused by the electrolyte solution and its acidic mist.  
4.2.4    The tractor should be able to be equipped with a safety frame and a safety 
belt. The strength of the safety frame should, at a minimum, meet the requirement s of 
one of these test methods and acceptance conditions: GBT xxxx.1, GBT xxxx.2, GBT 
xxxx.3, and GBT xxxx.4. The strength of the safety belt should meet the requirements 
set out in JB/T 8303.   
4.3   Braking performance  
4.3.1    When using an on -board brak ing device on a 20% dry and hard slope way, 
the tractor should be able to stop reliably along the slope in both upward and 
downward directions. Tests should be carried out according to the requirements set 
out in GB/T 3871.6.  
4.3.2    The average braking de celeration in the tests of tractor in cold status should 
not be below 2.5 m/s2. The test methods should meet the requirements set out in GB/T 
3871.6.  
4.4   Lighting and signal devices  
4.4.1    The lighting signals and devices of the tractor should work accu rately and 
reliably. A tractor should comprise at least two headlights, one working light, two 
braking lights, and two signal lights of direction turning in the front and at the rear 
respectively. Tractors with a cab should also comprise at least a ceiling  light in the 
cab. The headlight should meet the requirements set out in JB/T 6701, and the colours 
of the signal light devices should meet the requirements set out in GB/T 20949.  
4.4.2   The luminous intensity of the far field beam of each headlight of th e tractor 
should not be less than 6000 candela.  
4.4.3   When testing the irradiating position of the near field beam of the headlight 
of tractor, and when the headlight irradiates onto a screen 10 metres away, the centre 
of the beam from the ground should not be at a height greater than 0.7 times of the 
height of the installation centre of the headlight from the ground. As to the requirements of the horizontal position, the offset to the right should not be over 350 
mm, while an offset to the left is not pe rmitted. The test of the irradiating position of 
the headlight beam should be performed according to the requirements set out in 
Annex A with the condition that the tractor is fully filled with fuel and water, but 
without added weight.  
4.4.4   Each tractor  should be equipped with non -adhered rear reflectors. Rear 
reflectors should be firmly connected to the tractor and should guarantee that when a 
headlight with the luminous intensity of 18000 candela is used at night to irradiate 
from 150m right behind, it s reflective light can be recognised at the irradiating 
position.  
4.4.5  A rear view mirror should be installed on the left and right sides 
respectively of tractors with cab, and at least one rear view mirror should be installed 
in tractors without a cab. T he requirements for rear view mirrors should meet the 
requirements set out in GB/T 20948.  
4.5   Signs for safe operation  
When the operation directions of an operation device are not clear, they should 
be indicated by operational signs on or close to the op eration device. The operation 
signs should meet the requirements set out in GB/T 4269.1 and GB/T 4269.2.  
5   Information in use  
5.1   A permanent trademark or factory mark should be attached to an obvious part 
on the external surface of the tractor’s fron t body. A sign for identifying the model 
should be attached to an obvious part of the external surface of the tractor’s body.  
5.2   A permanent product label should be attached to each tractor. The label should 
include at least the following content:  
–– name and model number of tractor;  
–– rated power of engine (12 -hour);  
–– serial number, and the month and year when delivered from the factory;  
–– name and address of manufacturer;  
–– standard numbers to be implemented by product.  
5.3   Safety marks should be provided at the following dangerous positions as a 
minimum, and should meet the requirements set out in GB 10396:  
a)  A safety mark prohibiting the riding on any position not designed for 
passenger, e.g. prohibiting the riding at the mudguards of tracto r; 
b)  A safety mark prohibiting any approaches when a suspension device is 
working;  
c)  A safety mark indicating the power output axle being in use;  
d)  A safety mark at the cover of a water tank.  5.4   The user of every tractor should be provided with a user manual with 
easy-to-understand contents. In the user manual, there should be the number of 
lubricant used by tractor. The content of the user manual should meet the 
requirements set out in GB/T 9480, and its safety items should include the following  
contents as a minimum:  
a)  warnings of safe operation to avoid hazards;  
b)  measures to be taken in case of emergency;  
c)  prohibition requirements;  
d)  description of safety marks.  Annex A  
(Normative Annex)  
Inspection methods for irradiating position of  headlight beam  
 
A.1   Screen method:  Inspection on the screen  
The site for inspection should be flat. A screen should be placed vertically on the site.  
Inspections should be conducted under the condition that the air pressure of the tyres 
of the inspect ed tractor is normal, and a driver sits in the tractor. Park the tractor in 
front of the screen, and make it vertical to the screen. Place the standard centre of the 
headlight 10 metres from the screen. Confirm the horizontal standard line on the 
screen to  be at the same height H of the standard centre of headlight from the ground.  
Take the projected line of the vertical central plane of tractor on the screen as the 
standard to confirm the standard central position line between the left and right 
headlight s. Measure the offset values of the horizontal and vertical irradiating 
positions of the left, right, far and near beams respectively.  
 
A.2   Inspection by headlight tester  
The inspected tractor should be aligned with the headlight tester at the specified 
distance (the use of aligning device is suggested). Measure from the display screen of 
the headlight tester the offset values of the horizontal and vertical irradiating positions 
of the left, right, far and near beams respectively.