WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  G/STR/N/10/AUS* 
26 February 2007 
 (07-0815) 
Working Party on  
State Trading Enterprises Original:   English 
 
 
 
STATE TRADING 
 
New and Full Notification Pursuant to Article XVII:4(a)  
of the GATT 1994 and Paragr aph 1 of the Understanding  
on the Interpretation of Article XVII  
 
AUSTRALIA 
  
 
 The following communication, dated 21 February 2007, is being circulated at the request of 
the Delegation of Australia.  
_______________ 
 
 
 Pursuant to Article XVII:4(a) of the GATT 1994 and paragraph 1 of the Understanding on the 
Interpretation of Article XVII of  the General Agreement on Tariffs  and Trade, Australia makes the 
following new and full notification.   
                                                     
 
* The content of this notification is the same as that contained in document G/STR/N/11/AUS, dated 
28 June 2006. G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 2  
 
  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES 
A. I
DENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES . 
 ABB Grain Export Limited.  
 
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED 
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ). 
 Barley grown in the state of South Australia exported in bulk shipments [HS 1003].  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE 
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE  
 ABB Grain Export Limited is the sole exporter in bulk of barley grown in the state of South 
Australia.  ABB Grain Export Limited’s purpose is  to supply effective and efficient marketing 
services to South Australian barley growers, and to  maximise the net returns to South Australian 
barley growers by securing, developi ng and maintaining markets for barley and by minimising costs 
as far as practicable.  
B. S
UMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR 
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR 
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS . 
 The State of South Australia Barley Marketing Act 1993 (as amended)  provides ABB Grain 
Export Limited with statutory acquisition powers ove r barley produced in South Australia for export 
in bulk.  
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE 
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING 
ENTERPRISE . 
ABB Grain Export Limited is the sole exporter in bulk of barley grown in the state of South 
Australia.  ABB Grain Export Limited is a wholly-o wned subsidiary of the majority grower owned 
and controlled publicly listed company, ABB Grain Limited.  ABB Grain Li mited became a grower 
owned and controlled company on 1 July 1999, re placing the former statutory Australian Barley 
Board.  In July 2002, ABB Grain Limited listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. 
 
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RI GHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE 
TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
ABB Grain Export Limited has statutory acquisiti on powers over barley produced in the state 
of South Australia for export in bulk.  
 
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE THAT ARE ALLOWED TO 
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION . 
Barley can be imported into Australia by any entity. 
 
ABB Grain Export Limited is the sole exporter in bulk of barley grown in the state of South 
Australia.  ABB Grain Export Limited is not the sole Australian exporter of barley.  In other  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 3 
 
 
  Australian States, exports of barley are undertaken both by private traders and other state trading 
enterprises.  
 
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
Australian barley import and export levels are determined by market forces on a commercial 
basis.  ABB Grain Export Limited has no role in regul ating imports of barley into Australia.  There 
are no tariffs or quantitative restrictions applied on the import of barley (HS 1003) into Australia.  
 
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED . 
 Export prices are determined by prevailing world prices.  
 
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPO RTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED . 
 Not applicable.  These arrangements do not cover imports.  
 
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED BY  THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS US ED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT . 
All sales contracts are entered into on a comme rcial basis.  ABB Grain Export Limited is not 
used to fulfil contractual obligations entered in to by the government nor does the government enter 
into obligations on behalf of ABB Grain Export Limited.  
 
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE . 
Around 70 per cent to 80 per cent of national ba rley production is exported annually.  Barley 
is subject to specific export marketing arrangement s in the states of South Australia (ABB Grain 
Export Limited) and Western Australia (Grain Pool Pty Ltd).  Export marketing has been deregulated 
in the states of New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria.  There are no restrictions on the domestic 
marketing of barley in Australia.  Domestic pri ces are influenced by returns from barley export 
markets and domestic availability of feed and malting barley, and alternative feed grains.  
 
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION (SEE ATTACHED TABLES I - III) 
The data contained in the attached tables is not available on a consistent basis and figures in 
different columns are generally not comparable.  In  particular, no adjustments have been made for 
factors such as quality, transport, terms, and different  time periods (e.g. marketing year versus fiscal 
year).  Differing sources have had to be used, also  resulting in non-comparability.  In addition, much 
of the data is not collected or is otherwise not available. 
 
Key to notes: 
NA Not available. 
N/A Not applicable. 
 
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE (AS APPROPRIATE)  
 Not applicable.  
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (AS APPROPRIATE) 
 
 None. G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 4  
 
  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES 
A. I
DENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES . 
 AWB (International) Limited. 
 B. D
ESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED 
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ). 
 Wheat [HS 1001]. 
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE 
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
 AWB (International) Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of the majority grower owned and 
controlled company AWB Limited and operates the co mmercial functions of the wheat export ‘single 
desk’ arrangements.  AWB (International) Limite d undertakes the export marketing of mainly bulk 
wheat.  Under the company’s constitution AWB (Inte rnational) Limited is required to maximise net 
returns to Australian wheat growers who choose to  deliver their wheat to the National Pool by 
securing, developing and maintaini ng international markets for wheat and by minimising costs as far 
as practicable. 
 
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR 
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR 
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS . 
 The Wheat Marketing Act 1989 (as amended) provides for AWB (International) Limited to be 
exempt from the export controls of the Wheat Export Authority.  This enables it to operate the commercial functions of the wheat e xport ‘single desk’ arrangement.   
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE 
A. S
UMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING 
ENTERPRISE . 
AWB (International) Limited is responsible for managing the wheat export ‘single desk’ 
arrangements through international wheat mark eting and pooling services. AWB (International) 
Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of AWB Li mited.  AWB Limited is listed on the Australian 
Stock Exchange, and operates under the Corporations Act 2001  and Stock Exchange listing rules.    
 
 The regulatory and commercial functions of wh eat marketing operate separately.  The Wheat 
Export Authority exercises regulatory functions, wh ile AWB (International) Limited operates the 
commercial aspects of the wheat export ‘single desk’ arrangements. 
 
 Under the Wheat Marketing Act 1989 , AWB (International) Limited must purchase all wheat 
offered to it for pooling which meet its classificat ion and other standards.  AWB (International) 
Limited does not need to apply to the Wheat Export Authority for consent to export wheat. 
  
 AWB (International) Limited and its pare nt, AWB Limited, do not receive from the 
Australian Government any special financing priv ileges, including government grants, loans, loan 
guarantees, or underwriting of operational costs.  Since privatisation in 1999, AWB Limited has 
directly financed all pooling and commercial activitie s using its own capital.  The company is subject  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 5 
 
 
  to normal obligations under the Corporations Act  with no guarantees, either actual or implied, and no 
government financial exposure. 
  
B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RI GHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE 
TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
 AWB (International) Limited is responsible  for managing the wheat export ‘single desk’ 
arrangement through international wheat marke ting and pooling services.  AWB (International) 
Limited must purchase all wheat offered to it fo r pooling which meets its classification and other 
standards.  The Wheat Marketing Act 1989  provides that AWB (International) Limited does not need 
to apply to the Wheat Export Authority for consent to export wheat.  AWB (International) Limited has 
a veto right over bulk export requests from third parties to the Wheat Export Authority, and must be 
consulted on applications to expor t wheat in bags or containers. 
 C. T
YPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE THAT ARE ALLOWED TO 
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION . 
Wheat can be imported into Australia by any entity.   
 
 Apart from AWB (International) Limited, any entity can export wheat from Australia, 
provided it obtains Wheat Export Authority consent.  In considering such requests the Authority is 
required to consult AWB (International) Limited.  There are limits on the information provided to 
AWB (International) Limited to ensure the confidenti ality of the applicant is preserved.  Applications 
are divided into three types: bulk; containers; and bags.  For bulk exports by commercial grain traders 
the Wheat Export Authority cannot give consent on applications without written approval from AWB 
(International) Limited.  For expor ts in containers and bags the Wheat Export Authority consults with 
AWB (International) Limited but does not need the approval of AWB (International) Limited. 
 
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
 Australian wheat import levels are determined by  market forces on a commercial basis. There 
are no tariffs or quantitative restric tions applied to imports of wheat (HS 1001) into Australia.  Neither 
AWB (International) Limited nor the Wheat Export Au thority have any role in regulating imports of 
wheat into Australia.  
 Export levels are determined by the level of  production in each year and international and 
domestic market factors.  AWB (International) Limite d is required by legislation to purchase all wheat 
offered to it for pooling which meets its classificatio n and other standards.  In marketing this wheat 
AWB (International) Limited has a constitutional ob ligation to maximise net returns to Australian 
growers who have chosen to deliver their wheat to AWB (International) Limited.  
 
E. H
OW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED . 
 Export prices are determined by prevailing world prices.  AWB (International) Limited export 
contracts for Australian wheat are established through three methods: direct negotiation with 
importers; participation in open te nders; and through third party trad ers. Export revenue and any other 
revenue from each pool established for a specific cate gory (type and quality) of wheat is returned to 
pool participants after deduction of marketing, fi nance and other costs associated with that pool. 
 
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPO RTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED . 
Not applicable.  These arrangements do not cover imports. 
 G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 6  
 
  G. W
HETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED BY  THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS US ED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT . 
All sales contracts are entered into on a commercial basis.  AWB (International) Limited is 
not used to fulfil contractual obligations entere d into by the government nor does the government 
enter into obligations on behalf of  the AWB (International) Limited. 
 
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE . 
 The Australian domestic market for wheat h as been deregulated since 1989.  Commercial 
grain traders and users have full access to the domestic market and growers have the choice of a wide 
range of marketing options.  The domestic market for wheat for milling (flour and industrial uses) or 
stockfeed purposes accounted for around 25 per cent of Australian wheat production in the five year 
period ending in 2005, with exports accounti ng for the balance of production.  While AWB 
(International) Limited’s pools are predominantly export oriented, sales of National Pool wheat from 
AWB (International) Limited to the domestic mark et are conducted either through direct negotiation 
or an open tender system. 
 
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION (SEE ATTACHED TABLES I – III) 
The data contained in the attached tables is not available on a consistent basis and figures in 
different columns are generally not comparable.  In  particular, no adjustments have been made for 
factors such as quality, transport terms, and differe nt time periods (e.g. marketing year versus fiscal 
year).  Differing sources have had to be used, also  resulting in non-comparability.  In addition, much 
of the data is not collected or is otherwise not available.   
 
Key to notes: 
NA Not available. 
N/A Not applicable. 
 
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE (AS APPROPRIATE) 
  Not applicable. 
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (AS APPROPRIATE) 
 An independent panel conducted a re view in 2004 in accordance with the Wheat Marketing 
Act 1989  (as amended).  The review considered the performance of AWB (International) Limited as 
the commercial manager of the ‘single desk’ as well as the performance of the Wheat Export 
Authority as the regulatory manager.   
 
The review panel reported in October 2004.   The report recommended changes to AWB 
(International) Limited to further enhance its independence from AWB Limited at a corporate and 
operational level; an enhancement a nd refinement of the operations of the Wheat Export Authority to 
assist its role in monitoring AWB (International)  Limited, improving its relationship with key 
stakeholders and further developing its skills base; a nd the introduction of a three-year trial to provide 
a longer term consent system for wheat sold in ba gs and containers.  These recommendations were in 
conjunction with significant process improvements and safeguards for the marketing and pooling 
arrangements operated by AWB (Intern ational) Limited.  Implementation of the majority of these 
recommendations rests with the Boards of AWB (International) Limited and the Wheat Export 
Authority.  AWB (International) Limited and th e Wheat Export Authority have been reporting on 
implementation of the recommendations.  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 7 
 
 
  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES 
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES . 
 Grain Pool Pty Ltd.  
 
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED 
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ). 
 Barley [HS 1003], lupins [ex HS 0713.90] and canola [ex HS 1205] grown in the state of 
Western Australia.  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE 
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
 Grain Pool Pty Ltd holds the main export li cence to export bulk barley, lupins and canola 
from the state of Western Australia.  The purpose is to provide an integrated supply chain, provide 
greater customer focus for growers and buyers, support grain quality, a nd provide higher grower 
returns.  
B. S
UMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR 
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR 
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS . 
Under the state of Western Australia Grain Marketing Act (2002) , Grain Pool Pty Ltd holds 
the main export licence to export bulk barley, lupins and canola from the state of Western Australia.  
The relevant provisions of the Grain Marketing Act (2002)  cover barley, lupins and canola in bulk 
shipments, but not export shipments in contai ners or bags nor exports of processed grain.  
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE 
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING 
ENTERPRISE . 
Grain Pool Pty Ltd is a wholly-owned subsidia ry of the grower-owned company Co-operative 
Bulk Handling Ltd.  Grain Pool Pty Ltd holds the main export licence to export bulk barley, lupins and canola from the state of Western Australia.  With in the state of Western Australia, an independent 
statutory body, the Grain Licensing Authority (GLA ), assesses applications and issues export licences 
for the bulk export of barley, lupins and canola by companies other than Grain Pool Pty Ltd.  
 
B. S
PECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RI GHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE 
TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
Grain Pool Pty Ltd holds the main export li cence to export bulk barley, lupins and canola 
from the state of Western Australia.  
 
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE THAT ARE ALLOWED TO 
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION . 
Barley, lupins and canola can be imported into Australia by any entity. 
 G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 8  
 
  Grain Pool Pty Ltd holds the main export li cence to export bulk barley, lupins and canola 
from the state of Western Australia.  Grain Pool Pt y Ltd is not the sole Australian exporter of these 
products.  In other Australian states, exports of th ese products are undertaken both by private traders 
and, in some cases, by other state trading bodies.  In Western Australia, the GLA assesses applications 
and issues export licences for the bulk export from the state of Western Australia of barley, lupins and 
canola by companies other than Grain Pool Pty Ltd.  The GLA has no control over export shipments 
in containers or bags or exports of processed  grain as these were deregulated in November 2002.  
 
D. H
OW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
Import and export levels are determined by mark et forces on a commercial basis.  Grain Pool 
Pty Ltd does not establish export levels, nor does it import barley, lupins or canola.  There are no 
tariffs or quantitative restrictions applied on the import of barley (HS 1003), lupins (ex HS 0713.90) 
and canola (ex HS 1205) into Australia.   
 
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED . 
 Export prices are determined by prevailing world prices.  
 
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPO RTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED . 
Not applicable.  These arrangements do not cover imports.  
 
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED BY  THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS US ED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT . 
All sales contracts are entered into on a commercia l basis.  Grain Pool Pty Ltd is not used to 
fulfil contractual obligations entered into by th e government nor does the government enter into 
obligations on behalf of Grain Pool Pty Ltd.  
 
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE . 
Around 70 per cent to 80 per cent of national ba rley production is exported annually.  Barley 
is subject to specific export marketing arrangement s in the states of South Australia (ABB Grain 
Export Limited) and Western Australia (Grain Pool Pty Ltd).  Export marketing has been deregulated 
in the states of New South Wales, Queensland and Victoria.  There are no restrictions on the domestic 
marketing of barley in Australia.  Domestic pri ces are influenced by returns from barley export 
markets and domestic availability of feed and malting barley, and alternative feed grains. 
 
 Canola is the major oilseed crop in Australia and is produced mainly in the states of New 
South Wales, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia.  Domestic trading is deregulated for 
oilseeds, although export regulatory arrangements exis t for canola in the state of Western Australia.  
Export regulatory arrangements in the state of New South Wales were terminated with effect from 
1 October 2005. 
 
 Lupin production occurs in the states of Ne w South Wales, South Australia, Victoria and 
Western Australia.  Export regulatory arrangements exist for lupins in Western Australia only. 
   G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 9 
 
 
  IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION (SEE ATTACHED TABLES I - III) 
The data contained in the attached tables is not available on a consistent basis and figures in 
different columns are generally not comparable.  In  particular, no adjustments have been made for 
factors such as quality, transport terms, and differe nt time periods (e.g. marketing year versus fiscal 
year).  Differing sources have had to be used, also  resulting in non-comparability.  In addition, much 
of the data is not collected or is otherwise not available.   
 
Key to notes: NA Not available. N/A Not applicable.  
 
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE (AS APPROPRIATE)  
 Not applicable.  
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (AS APPROPRIATE)  
 None. G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 10  
 
  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES 
A. I
DENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES . 
 New South Wales Grains Board.  
 
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED 
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ). 
Malting and feed barley (HS 1003), canola (ex HS 1205) and sorghum (HS 1007) grown in 
the state of New South Wales.  
II. REASON AND PURPOSE 
A. R
EASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
 Until 30 September 2005, the purpose of the New South Wales Grains Board was to enhance 
the marketing of malting and feed barley, canola an d sorghum grown in the state of New South Wales 
through the operation of a ‘single desk’ for expor t of these vested commodities and domestic sales for 
malting barley. 
 
These arrangements were terminated with effect from 1 October 2005.  The NSW Grains 
Board has ceased trading.  This will be the fi nal STE notification for the NSW Grains Board. 
 
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR 
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR 
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS . 
The statutory vesting powers of the New South Wales Grain Board for the marketing of 
malting barley, feed barley, canola and sorghum we re contained in the state of New South Wales 
Grain Marketing Act 1991.  These powers were terminated with effect from 1 October 2005 through 
the state of New South Wales Grain Marketing Amendment Act 2001 .  Grains produced in New South 
Wales after the termination of these powers are not vested with the New South Wales Grains Board.  
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE 
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING 
ENTERPRISE . 
In 2000, the ‘single desk’ powers of the New South Wales Grains Board were extended until 
30 September 2005, with oats and oilseeds othe r than canola removed from the arrangements.  
Following financial difficulties experienced by the Board, Grainco Australia Limited acquired the 
vesting rights over New South Wales malting and feed barley, canola and sorghum for export 
markets, and for New South Wales malting barley for domestic markets, until 30 September 2005.  From October 2003, GrainCorp Ltd, a publicly lis ted grower controlled storage handling and grain 
marketing company formally took over Grainco a nd absorbed the New South Wales Grains Board 
agency agreement including vesting rights.  These arrangements were terminated with effect from 
1 October 2005.  The NSW Grains Board has ceased trading.  
  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 11 
 
 
  B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RI GHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE 
TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
 The state of New South Wales Grain Marketing Act 1991  provided for the vesting of declared 
commodities in New South Wales (i.e. malting barley, feed barley, canola and sorghum) in the New South Wales Grains Board.  The Board operated as the single statutory marketing authority 
responsible for export marketing of barley, canol a and sorghum grown in New South Wales.  The 
Board also managed a ‘single desk’ arrangement  for domestic sales of New South Wales malting 
barley.  These arrangements were terminated with effect from 1 October 2005.  
  
C. T
YPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE THAT ARE ALLOWED TO 
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION . 
Malting barley, feed barley, canola and sorghum can be imported into Australia by any entity. 
 
The New South Wales Grain Board was the sole exporter of prescribed New South Wales 
commodities (i.e. malting barley, feed barley, canola and sorghum) through an agency agreement 
with GrainCorp Ltd. This arrangement has been terminated and exports can now be undertaken by 
any entity in the state of New South Wales.  In other Australian states, exports of these goods are undertaken both by private traders and, for barley  and canola, by other state trading enterprises. 
 
D. H
OW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
Imports and exports of these commodities are determined by market forces on a commercial 
basis.  There are no tariffs or quantitative restrictio ns applied to imports into Australia of barley, 
canola or sorghum (HS 1003, ex HS 1205 and HS 1007).  The New South Wales Grain Board had no role in regulating imports of these commodities into Australia.     
 
E. H
OW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED . 
 Export prices are determined by prevailing world prices.   
 
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPO RTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED . 
Not applicable.   These arrangements did not cover imports.  
 
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED BY  THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS US ED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT . 
 All sales contracts were entered into on a co mmercial basis.  The New South Wales Grains 
Board was not used to fulfil contractual obligatio ns entered into by the government nor did the 
government enter into obligations on behalf  of the New South Wales Grains Board.  
 
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE . 
Around 70 per cent to 80 per cent of national ba rley production is exported annually.  Barley 
is subject to specific export marketing arrangement s in the states of South Australia (ABB Grain 
Export Limited) and Western Australia (Grain Pool Pty Ltd).  Barley was subject to specific export 
marketing arrangements in the state of New S outh Wales (through the New South Wales Grains 
Board), but since October 2005 these arrangements have  been terminated.  Export marketing has also 
been deregulated in the states of Queensland and Victoria.  There are no restrictions on the domestic G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 12  
 
  marketing of barley in Australia.  Domestic pri ces are influenced by returns from barley export 
markets and domestic availability of feed and malting barley, and alternative feed grains. 
 
Sorghum is freely traded domestically.  Sorghum  for export in the state of New South Wales 
was sold under the single desk powers of the New South Wales Grains Board but GrainCorp Ltd (as 
agent) introduced a permit arrangement fo r export sorghum from New South Wales from 
1 October 2003.  These regulatory arrangement s were terminated in October 2005.  
  Canola is the major oilseed crop in Australia and is produced mainly in the states of New 
South Wales, South Australia, Victoria and Western Australia.  Domestic trading is deregulated for 
oilseeds, although export regulatory arrangements ex ist for canola in Western Australia.  Since 
October 2005, no export regulatory arrangements exist for canola in New South Wales.   Domestic prices of sorghum and oilseeds are in fluenced by returns from export markets and, 
for sorghum, domestic availability of alternative feed grains.  
 
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION (SEE ATTACHED TABLES I - III) 
The data contained in the attached tables is not available on a consistent basis and figures in 
different columns are generally not comparable.  In  particular, no adjustments have been made for 
factors such as quality, transport terms, and differe nt time periods (e.g. marketing year versus fiscal 
year).  Differing sources have had to be used, also  resulting in non-comparability.  In addition, much 
of the data is not collected or is otherwise not available.   
 
Key to notes: NA Not available. N/A Not applicable.  
 
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE (AS APPROPRIATE) 
 Not applicable.  
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (AS APPROPRIATE) 
 None.  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 13 
 
 
  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES 
A. IDENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES . 
 Queensland Sugar Limited (QSL).  
 
B. DESCRIPTION OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED 
IN PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ). 
 Raw cane sugar grown in the state of Queensland [HS 1701.11].  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE 
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
 The core function of QSL, a company where all members are industry participants or 
represent industry participants, is to market raw sugar in the export market.  Until 31 December 2005, 
QSL was the exclusive export market er of the state of Queensland’s raw sugar production.  All of 
Queensland’s raw sugar production was statutoril y vested in QSL.  Subject to transitional 
arrangements for raw sugar vested prior to 1 Janua ry 2006, these arrangements have been terminated 
with effect from 1 January 2006.  With these cha nges, other entities are now able to export raw sugar 
from Queensland.   
 
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR 
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR 
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS . 
 Under state of Queensland Government legislation, the Sugar Industry Act 1999 , prior to 
1 January 2006, QSL had exclusive rights on behalf of growers and millowners to acquire and market 
all raw sugar produced in Queensland.  Raw sugar produced in the states of New South Wales and 
Western Australia was not subject to the Queensl and Government legislation.  The Queensland 
Government Sugar Industry Amendment Act 2005  has amended the Sugar Industry Act 1999 to 
implement the new arrangements.  The statutor y acquisition was removed with effect from 
1 January 2006.  
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE 
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING 
ENTERPRISE . 
Prior to 1 January 2006, the state of Queensland Government, through the Sugar Industry Act 
1999 and subsequent amendments, vested all raw suga r produced in the state of Queensland in QSL. 
 
Key activities of QSL included acquiring and ma rketing Queensland’s raw sugar, negotiating 
arrangements for the shipment of raw sugar, mana ging sugar price and fore ign exchange exposure, 
distributing pool returns to mill owners, encourag ing overall industry efficiency, and promoting the 
Queensland raw sugar industry. 
 
 QSL pooled the revenue earned from all sales of  Queensland raw sugar.  Queensland’s sugar 
millers and cane growers have been  paid from this pool.  The price per tonne received by Queensland 
producers in any given season is affected by world sugar prices and exchange rates. 
 G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 14  
 
  On 1 January 2006, the state of Queensland Government amended the Sugar Industry Act 
1999 .  This legislation repealed the statutory arrangements under which ownership of Queensland 
sugar was vested in QSL.  Under transitional a rrangements, raw sugar from the 2005 crop that has 
been vested will continue to be the legal property of QSL.  With these changes, other entities are now 
able to export raw sugar from Queensland. 
 
B. S
PECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RI GHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE 
TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
Prior to 1 January 2006, QSL had exclusive rights to acquire and export raw sugar produced 
in the state of Queensland, but subject to tran sitional arrangements under which raw sugar from the 
2005 crop that has been vested will continue to be the legal property of QSL, these rights have been 
terminated.      
 
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE THAT ARE ALLOWED TO 
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION . 
Sugar can be imported into Australia by any entity. 
 
Prior to 1 January 2006, QSL was the sole e xporter of Queensland raw sugar but, subject to 
transitional arrangements, these arrangements have b een terminated.  Other entities are now able to 
export raw sugar from Queensland.  There are no stat utory restrictions on the marketing or export of 
raw sugar in other Australian states.  
 
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
Australian raw sugar import and export levels  are determined by market forces on a 
commercial basis. There are no tariffs or quantitativ e restrictions imposed on the import of raw sugar 
(HS 1701) into Australia.  QSL has no role in regulating imports of sugar into Australia. 
 
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED . 
 Export prices are determined by prevailing world prices.  
 
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPO RTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED . 
 Not applicable.  These arrangements do not cover imports.  
 
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED BY  THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS US ED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT . 
All sales contracts are entered into on a commer cial basis.  QSL is not used to fulfil 
contractual obligations entered into by the governme nt nor does the government enter into obligations 
on behalf of QSL. 
 
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE . 
The Australian sugar market is open to co mpetition from imports.  About 95 per cent of 
Australian sugar production occurs in the state of Queensland.  Prior to 1 January 2006, QSL acquired 
all raw sugar produced in the Queensland.  QSL was responsible for overseeing the export marketing 
of all Queensland raw sugar, negotiating arrangements for the shipment of raw sugar, distributing the 
proceeds to producers and coordinating production regul ations.  While QSL will be able to continue  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 15 
 
 
  to purchase and export raw sugar, as from 1 January 2006 QSL does not have statutory vesting rights.  
Other entities are now able to export Queensland raw sugar.  In other Australian States sugar 
marketing is undertaken by the mill owner.  
 IV. Statistical Information (see attached Tables I - III)  
The data contained in the attached tables is not available on a consistent basis and figures in 
different columns are generally not comparable.  In  particular, no adjustments have been made for 
factors such as quality, transport terms, and differe nt time periods (e.g. marketing year versus fiscal 
year).  Differing sources have had to be used, also  resulting in non-comparability.  In addition, much 
of the data is not collected or is otherwise not available.   
 
Key to notes: NA Not available. N/A Not applicable. 
 V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE (AS APPROPRIATE) 
 Not applicable.  
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (AS APPROPRIATE)  
 None. G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 16  
 
  I. ENUMERATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES 
A. I
DENTIFICATION OF STATE TRADING ENTERPRISES . 
 The Rice Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales.  
 
B. DESCRIPTION  OF PRODUCTS AFFECTED (INCLUDING TARIFF ITEM NUMBER (S) ENCOMPASSED IN 
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ). 
 Rice grown in the state of New South Wales [HS 1006].  
 
II. REASON AND PURPOSE 
A. REASON OR PURPOSE FOR ESTABLISHING AND /OR MAINTAINING STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
 The Rice Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales’ primary purpose is to ensure 
that rice grown in the state of New South Wales is  marketed, particularly through the operation of an 
export ‘single desk’, so as to optimise grower returns.  
 
B. SUMMARY OF LEGAL BASIS FOR GRANTING THE RELEVANT EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RIGHTS OR 
PRIVILEGES , INCLUDING LEGAL PROVISIONS AND SUMMARY OF STATUTORY OR 
CONSTITUTIONAL POWERS . 
 The Rice Marketing Board for the State of New S outh Wales’ operating authority is provided 
by the state of New South Wales Marketing of Primary Products Act 1983 .  A vesting proclamation 
has been enacted, vesting all rice produced in the state of New S outh Wales in the Board.  This 
provides the Board with power to operate a ‘single desk’ for rice grown in NSW on both the domestic 
and export markets. 
 
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE 
A. SUMMARY STATEMENT PROVIDING OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS OF THE STATE TRADING 
ENTERPRISE . 
 All paddy rice grown in the state of New South Wales is divested from producers and 
becomes the sole property of the Rice Marketing Board under a vesting proclamation.  All paddy rice must be delivered either to the Board or to author ised buyers appointed by the Board.  One of these 
authorised buyers, namely Ricegrowers Limited, is able to freely buy and sell rice on the domestic 
market in Australia and is also the authorised ag ent of the Board for exports of rice grown in New 
South Wales. 
 
 To enable this system to operate, and for purchases of rice by Ricegrowers Limited and any 
other authorised buyers to occur, the Board has gi ven an exemption from vesting to all paddy rice that 
is delivered to these authorised buyers.  
 It is the Board’s responsibility to ensure that these arrangements generate the maximum 
monetary returns on behalf of all New South Wales rice growers. 
  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
 Page 17 
 
 
  B. SPECIFICATION OF EXCLUSIVE OR SPECIAL RI GHTS OR PRIVILEGES ENJOYED BY THE STATE 
TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
 The state of New South Wales Marketing of Primary Products Act 1983  entitles the Rice 
Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales to exclusive rights to export rice grown in New 
South Wales.  
 
C. TYPE OF ENTITIES OTHER THAN THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE THAT ARE ALLOWED TO 
ENGAGE IN IMPORTATION /EXPORTATION AND CONDITIONS FOR PARTICIPATION . 
 Rice can be imported into Australia by any entity. 
 
The Rice Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales is the sole exporter of  rice 
grown in New South Wales.  The Board does not have  special or exclusive privileges to import rice.  
There are no statutory restrictions on the export of rice in other Australian States.  
 
D. HOW IMPORT /EXPORT LEVELS ARE ESTABLISHED BY THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE . 
 Australian rice import and export levels are de termined by market forces on a commercial 
basis.  There are no tariffs or quantitative restric tions applied on the import of rice (HS 1006) into 
Australia.  The Rice Marketing Board for the State of New South Wales has no role in regulating 
imports of rice into Australia.  
 
E. HOW EXPORT PRICES ARE DETERMINED . 
 Export prices are determined by prevailing world prices.  
 
F. HOW THE RESALE PRICES OF IMPO RTED PRODUCTS ARE DETERMINED . 
Not applicable.   These arrangements do not cover imports. 
 
G. WHETHER LONG -TERM CONTRACTS ARE NEGOTIATED BY  THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE .  
WHETHER THE STATE TRADING ENTERPRISE IS US ED TO FULFIL CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS 
ENTERED INTO BY THE GOVERNMENT . 
 All sales contracts are entered into on a commercia l basis.  The Rice Marketing Board for the 
State of New South Wales is not used to fulfil cont ractual obligations entered into by the government 
nor does the government enter into obligations on behalf of the Rice Marketing Board for the State of 
New South Wales.  
 
H. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF MARKET STRUCTURE . 
 The Australian market is open to competition from imports and significant quantities of rice 
are imported.  About 99 per cent of  total rice grown in Australia occurs in the state of New South 
Wales.  New South Wales exports significant amounts of rice. 
 
IV. STATISTICAL INFORMATION (SEE ATTACHED TABLES I - III) 
The data contained in the attached tables is not available on a consistent basis and figures in 
different columns are generally not comparable.  In  particular, no adjustments have been made for 
factors such as quality, transport terms, and differe nt time periods (e.g. marketing year versus fiscal 
year).  Differing sources have had to be used, also  resulting in non-comparability.  In addition, much 
of the data is not collected or is otherwise not available.   G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 18  
 
  Key to notes: 
NA Not available. N/A Not applicable. 
 
V. REASON WHY NO FOREIGN TRADE HAS TAKEN PLACE (AS APPROPRIATE) 
 Not applicable.  
 
VI. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (AS APPROPRIATE) 
 A National Competition Policy Review of the New South Wales arrangements for the 
domestic and export marketing of rice was releas ed in 2005.  The Review recommended that no 
changes be made to these arrangements.  Th ese findings were not accepted by the National 
Competition Council and, as a result, the New Sout h Wales Parliament passed legislation, to 
commence on 1 July 2006, which will deregulate th e domestic marketing arra ngements for rice grown 
in New South Wales through the introduction of a sy stem of multiple authorised buyer permits for 
sales within Australia. The right to operate the e xport ‘single desk’ is retained.  The Board will be 
maintaining the appointment of Ricegrowers Limite d as its sole authorised buyer and agent for the 
purposes of sales outside of Australia of rice grown in New South Wales.   
   G/STR/N/10/AUS
 Page 19TABLE I  
 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS  
 
Description of 
product(s) 
(including HS 
number(s)) Unit Year Total 
quantity 
imported Quantity imported 
by 
state trading 
enterprise Average 
import price Average  
representative 
domestic sales 
price Mark-up National 
production 
1   2 3 4 5 6 7 
Barley (HS 1003) – 
ABB Grain Export 
Limited ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 Nil2 
Nil 
Nil Nil 
Nil 
Nil N/A 
N/A 
N/A $A305/t3 
$A204/t 
$A179/t N/A 
N/A 
N/A 3,8651 
10,382 
7,708 
Wheat (HS 1001) – AWB (International) Limited ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 299
2 
Nil Nil Nil 
Nil Nil N/A 
N/A N/A $A310/t
4 
$A220/t $A195/t N/A 
N/A N/A 10,132
1 
26,132 22,605 
Barley (HS 1003) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd) ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 Nil
2 
Nil 
Nil Nil 
Nil 
Nil N/A 
N/A 
N/A $A305/t3 
$A204/t 
$A179/t N/A 
N/A 
N/A 3,8651 
10,382 
7,708 
Lupins (ex HS 0713.90) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd  ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 NA 
NA 
NA Nil 
Nil 
Nil N/A 
N/A 
N/A $A262/t
5 
$A241/t 
$A166/t  N/A 
N/A 
N/A 7261 
1,180 
948 
Canola (ex HS 1205) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 0.21
2 
0.23 0.09 Nil 
Nil Nil N/A 
N/A N/A $A475/t
5 
$A400/t $A342/t N/A 
N/A N/A 871
1 
1,703 1,496 
Barley (HS 1003) – NSW Grains Board ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 Nil
2 
Nil Nil Nil
2 
Nil Nil N/A 
N/A N/A $A305/t
3 
$A204/t $A179/t N/A 
N/A N/A 3,865
1 
10,382 7,708 
Sorghum (HS 1007) – 
NSW Grains Board ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 Nil2 
Nil 
Nil Nil2 
Nil 
Nil N/A 
N/A 
N/A $A289/t5 
$A195/t 
$A173/t N/A 
N/A 
N/A 1,4651 
2,009 
2,184 
Canola (ex HS 1205) – NSW Grains Board ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 0.21
2 
0.23 0.09 Nil
9 
Nil Nil N/A 
N/A N/A $A475/t
5 
$A400/t $A342/t N/A 
N/A N/A 871
1 
1,703 1,496 
  
  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 20 
Description of 
product(s) 
(including HS 
number(s)) Unit Year Total 
quantity 
imported Quantity imported 
by 
state trading 
enterprise Average 
import price Average  
representative 
domestic sales 
price Mark-up National 
production 
1   2 3 4 5 6 7 
Raw Cane Sugar (HS  1701.11) - Queensland 
Sugar Limited ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 6
2 
2 
3 Nil 
Nil 
Nil N/A 
N/A 
N/A NA 
NA 
NA N/A 
N/A 
N/A 5,4616 
4,994 
5,196 
Rice (HS 1006) – The Rice Marketing Board 
for the State of NSW ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 61
6 
80 
91 Nil 
Nil 
Nil $A750/t7 
$A700/t 
$A650/t $A344/t8 
$A310/t 
$A371/t N/A 
N/A 
N/A 4381 
553 
323 
 
1. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodities, Vol 13 No 1, March 2006   
2. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Stars Database 3. Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report, various issues:  Average 2 row feed 
 (Sydney) 4. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report , various issues:  Feed ex Sydney 
5. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report, various issues 
6. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodity Statistics, 2005  
7. Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodity Statistics, 2005:  Average price is based on 
milled equivalent. 
8. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodity Statistics,  2005:  Australian indicator price 
9. NSW Department of Primary Industries  
   G/STR/N/10/AUS
 Page 21TABLE II  
 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS  
 
Description of 
product(s) 
(including HS 
number(s)) Unit Year Total 
quantity 
exported Quantity exported 
by state trading 
enterprises Average 
procurement 
price Average 
representative 
domestic sales 
price Average 
export 
price National 
production 
1   2 3 4 5 6 7 
Barley (HS 1003) – ABB Grain Export Limited ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 2,827
2 
4,692 5,879 1,075
10 
1,887 1,644 NA 
NA NA $A305/t
3 
$A204/t $A179/t $A222/t
4 
$A204/t $A162/t 3,865
1 
10,382 7,708 
Wheat (HS 1001) – AWB (International) 
Limited ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 9,107
5 
17,867 
14,675 7,33712 
21,382 
13,642 $A258/t12 
$A233/t 
$A198/t $A310/t7 
$A220/t 
$A195/t $A316/t6 
$A256/t 
$A233/t 10,1321 
26,132 
22,605 
Barley (HS 1003) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 2,827
2 
4,692 
5,879 NA 
NA 
NA NA 
NA 
NA $A305/t3 
$A204/t 
$A179/t $A222/t4 
$A204/t 
$A162/t 3,8651 
10,382 
7,708 
Lupins (ex HS 0713.90) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 208
1 
646 419 NA 
NA NA NA 
NA NA $A262/t
4 
$A241/t $A166/t $A270/t
4 
$A230/t $A210/t 726
1 
1,180 948 
Canola (ex HS 1205) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd  ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 612
2 
1,049 1,019 NA 
NA NA NA 
NA NA $A475/t
4 
$A400/t $A342/t $A472/t
1 
$A432/t $A390/t 871
1 
1,703 1,496 
Barley (HS 1003) – NSW Grains Board ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 2,827
2 
4,692 5,879 Nil
11 
Nil Nil NA 
NA NA $A305/t
3 
$A204/t $A179/t $A222/t
7 
$A204/t $A162/t 3,865
1 
10,382 7,708 
Sorghum (HS 1007) – 
NSW Grains Board ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 701 
289 
513 Nil11 
Nil 
Nil NA 
NA 
NA $A289/t4 
$A195/t 
$A173/t $A243/t8 
$A211/t 
$A187/t 1,4651 
2,009 
2,184 
Canola (ex HS 1205) – NSW Grains Board ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 612
2 
1,049 1,019 Nil
11 
Nil Nil NA 
NA NA $A475/t
4 
$A400/t $A342/t $A472/t
1 
$A432/t $A390/t 871
1 
1,703 1,496  
  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 22 
 
Description of 
product(s) 
(including HS 
number(s)) Unit Year Total 
quantity 
exported Quantity exported 
by state trading 
enterprises Average 
procurement 
price Average 
representative 
domestic sales 
price Average 
export 
price National 
production 
1   2 3 4 5 6 7 
Raw Cane Sugar (HS 
1701.11) – Queensland 
Sugar Limited  ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 4,1671 
4,060 
4,271 NA 
NA 
NA NA 
NA 
NA NA 
NA 
NA $A293/t8 
$A242/t 
$A267/t 5,4618 
4,994 
5,196 
Rice (HS 1006) – The 
Rice Marketing Board 
for the State of NSW  ‘000 
tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 591
1 
234 
268 NA 
NA NA $A244/t
11 
$A313/t $A280/t $A344/t
9 
$A310/t $A371/t $A628/t
1 
$A620/t $A638/t 438
1 
553 323 
 
1. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodities, Vol 13 No 1, March 2006   
2. Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Stars Database 3. Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report, various issues:  Average 2 row feed 
 (Sydney) 
4. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report, various issues 
5. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report No 137, February 2006 
 Year = Marketing year (1 October – 30 September) 6. Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodity Statistics, 2005 : Average of daily asking 
prices for Australian standard white wheat fob eastern states for the period June-July. 
7. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report, various issues:  Feed ex Sydney 
8. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodity Statistics, 2005 
9. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodity Statistics, 2005:  Australian indicator price 
10. ABB Grain Export Limited (unpublished) 11. NSW Department of Primary Industries 
12. AWB (International) Limited (unpublished) 
 
  
   G/STR/N/10/AUS
 Page 23 
TABLE III  
 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITIES 
 
Description of product(s) 
(including HS number(s)) Unit Year Domestic purchases 
by state trading 
enterprise National production Domestic sales 
by state trading 
enterprise National 
consumption 
1   2 3 4 5 
Barley (HS 1003) – ABB 
Grain Export Limited ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 6884 
2,224 
1,214 3,8652 
10,382 
7,708 1204 
170 
118 2,0161 
2,476 
2,685 
Wheat (HS 1001) – AWB (International) Limited  ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 NA 
NA NA 10,132
2 
26,132 22,605 NA 
NA NA 5,666
1 
5,076 7,461 
Barley (HS 1003) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 NA 
NA NA 3,865
2 
10,382 7,708 NA 
NA NA 2,016
1 
2,476 2,685 
Lupins (ex HS 0713.90) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 NA 
NA NA 726
2 
1,180 948 NA 
NA NA 750
1 
468 591 
Canola (ex HS 1205) – Grain Pool Pty Ltd ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 NA 
NA NA 871
2 
1,703 1,496 NA 
NA NA 354
1 
501 422 
Barley (HS 1003) – NSW Grains Board ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 Nil
5 
Nil 
Nil 3,8652 
10,382 
7,708 Nil5 
Nil 
Nil 2,0161 
2,476 
2,685 
Sorghum (HS 1007) – NSW Grains Board ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 
2004/2005 Nil
5 
Nil 
Nil 1,4652 
2,009 
2,184 Nil5 
Nil 
Nil 1,4011 
1,386 
1,436  
  G/STR/N/10/AUS 
Page 24 
Description of product(s) 
(including HS number(s)) Unit Year Domestic purchases 
by state trading 
enterprise National production Domestic sales 
by state trading 
enterprise National 
consumption 
1   2 3 4 5 
Canola (ex HS 1205) – NSW Grains Board ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 Nil
5 
Nil Nil 871
2 
1,703 1,496 Nil
5 
Nil Nil 354
1 
501 422 
Raw Cane Sugar (HS 1701.11) – Queensland Sugar Limited  ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 NA 
NA NA 5,461
3 
4,994 5,196 NA 
NA NA 1,294
3 
934 925 
Rice (HS 1006) – The Rice Marketing Board for the State of NSW  ‘000 tonnes 2002/2003 
2003/2004 2004/2005 NA 
NA NA 438
2 
553 323 NA 
NA NA 148
3 
152 156 
  
1. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Crop Report No 137, February 2006 
2. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodities, Vol 13 No 1, March 2006 
 3. Australian Bureau of Agricultu ral and Resource Economics (ABARE), Australian Commodity Statistics, 2005  
4. ABB Grain Export Limited (unpublished)  
5. NSW Department of Primary Industries  
 
 
__________