UGANDA STANDARD
 
      US ISO 4586-1
Second Edition
2009- 09-04
 
Reference numbe r  
      US ISO 4586-1:1997
 © UNBS 2009
  
High-pressure decorative laminates — Sheets made from 
thermosetting resins — Part 1: Classification and specifications 
 US ISO 4586-1:1997 
 
© UNBS  2009 – All rights reserved ii Compliance with this standard does not, of itself confer immunity from legal obligations 
A Uganda Standard does not purport to include all necessary provisions of a contract. Users are 
responsible for its correct application  
© UNBS 2009 
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilised in any 
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, in cluding photocopying and microfilm, without prior written 
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Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to 
The Executive Director 
Uganda National Bureau of Standards 
P.O. Box 6329 
Kampala  
Uganda 
Tel: 256 41 505 995 
Fax: 256 41 286 123 
E-mail: unbs@infocom.co.ug
Web: www.unbs.go.ug  
      US ISO 4586-1:1997  
© UNBS  2009 - All rights rese rved                iii National foreword 
Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS) is a parastatal under the Ministry  of Tourism, Trade and 
Industry established under Cap 327, of the Laws of U ganda. UNBS is mandated to co-ordinate the elaboration 
of standards and is  
(a) a member of International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) and  
(b) a contact point for the WHO/FAO Codex A limentarius Commission on Food Standards, and  
(c) the National Enquiry Point on TBT/SPS Agr eements of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). 
The work of preparing Uganda Standards is carried out through Technical Committees. A Technical 
Committee is established to deliberate on standards in a gi ven field or area and consists of representatives of 
consumers, traders, academician s, manufacturers, governme nt and other stakeholders. 
Draft Uganda Standards adopted by the Technical Committ ee are widely circulated to stakeholders and the 
general public for comments. The committee reviews the comments before recommending the draft standards 
for approval and declaration as Uganda Standards by the National Standards Council. 
This Uganda Standard, US ISO 4586-1 High-pressure decorative laminates — Sheets made from
thermosetting resins — Part 1: Classification and specifications,  is identical with and has been 
reproduced from an Internati onal Standard, ISO 4586-1:1997 High-pressure decorative laminates — Sheets 
made from thermosetting resins — Part 1: Classification and specifications, and adopted as a 
Uganda Standard.  
This standard was developed by the Furnitur e Standards Technical Committee (UNBS/TC 12). 
Wherever the words, "International" appear, they should be replaced by "Uganda Standard." 
 INTERNATIONAL 
STANDARD ISO 
45864 
Fourth edition 
1997-11-01 
High-pressure decorative laminates - 
Sheets made from thermosetting resins - 
Part 1: 
Classification and specifications 
Stratifiks dkoratifs haute Pression - Plaques 2 base de ksines 
thermodurcissables - 
Partie 1: Classification et spkcifications 
Reference number 
ISO 4586-1 :1997(E) ISO 4586-1: 1997(E) 
Contents 
1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..~.....~~..................................~.....~.....~.‘~~.~.. 
2 Normative references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..‘..........“*...~.. 
3 Definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..~........ 
4 Classification System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..~“.~............. 
5 Requirements . . . . . ..*....................................................~..~........... 
6 Properties L........,..................................................~..~................. 
Annexes 
A Addendum to specifications table 7, relating to test methods 7, 
9 and IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..~.........................~“~... 
B Addendum to specifications table 7, relating to test method 14 Page 
1 
1 
2 
2 
4 
5 
11 
14 
0 ISO 1997 
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced 
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and 
microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher. 
International Organization for Standardization 
Case postale 56 l CH-121 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland 
Internet central @ iso.ch 
x.400 c=ch; a=400net; p=iso; o=isocs; s=central 
Printed in Switzerland 
ii @ ISO ISO 4586-1: 1997(E) 
Foreword 
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide 
federation of national Standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of 
preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO . 
technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for which 
a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented 
on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non- 
governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO 
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission 
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. 
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are 
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International 
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting 
a vote. 
International Standard ISO 4586-1 was prepared by Technical Committee 
ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 11, Products. 
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition 
(ISO 4586-1:1995). The only Substantive Change is in table 7 in which the 
requirement for resistance to cracking under stress for VGS, VGP, VGF 
and VSL has been reduced from grade 4 to grade 3. 
ISO 4586 consists of the following Parts, under the general title High- 
pressure decora tive lamina tes - Sheets made from thermosetting resins: 
- Part 1: Classification and specifications 
Parf 2: Determination of properties 
Annexes A and B form an integral Parts of this part of ISO 4586. 
. . . 
Ill This page intentionally left blank INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 ISO ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 
High-pressure decorative laminates - Sheets made 
from thermosetting resins - 
Part 1: 
Classification and specifications 
1 Scope 
This part of ISO 4586 establishes a classification sys- 
tem for high-pressure decorative laminated sheets 
according to their Performance and main recom- 
mended fields of application, including materials with 
special characteristics, for example postformability or 
defined reaction to fire. 
This part of ISO 4586 also specifies requirements on 
the properties of the various types of laminate cov- 
ered by this classification. For several of the proper- 
ties, more than one test method for checking the 
requirements is given. These methods have been in- 
cluded to cover cases where the results given by 
alternative methods are approximately equivalent, 
where expensive equipment of different types is al- 
ready in satisfactory use, or where experience is lim- 
ited to only one of the methods in certain countries. 
Requirements are specified for those types of ma- 
terial that are most generally used, but additional 
types may be added as required. The limit values 
specified apply to the most commonly used types of 
material, but within each classification it may be 
possible to obtain variants having much higher per- 
formante figures. 
These materials are characterized by their decorative 
surfaces, which are relatively hard and resistant to 
wear, scratching, impact, boiling watet-, domestic 
stains and moderate heat. They are intended for in- 
terior applications as follows: - thin Single-faced laminates usually less than 
2 mm thick, for bonding to a Substrate; 
- compact laminates, Single- or double-faced, ap- 
proximately 2 mm to 5 mm thick, which need to 
be rigidly supported without necessarily being 
bonded to a Substrate; 
- compact laminates, self-supporting, double-faced, 
usually thicker than 5 mm, the thickness of which 
will be selected according to application and Panel 
dimensions. 
The back surface of sheets having only one decorative 
face is made suitable for adhesive bonding to a 
Substrate. 
This part of ISO 4586 applies only to decorative lami- 
nated sheets as defined in clause 3. ISO 4586-2 
specifies the methods of test relevant to this patt of 
ISO 4586. 
2 Normative references 
The following Standards contain provisions which, 
through reference in this text, constitute provisions 
of this part of ISO 4586. At the time of publication, the 
editions indicated were valid. All Standards are subject 
to revision, and Parties to agreements based on this 
part of ISO 4586 are encouraged to investigate the 
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the 
Standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 0 ISO 
maintain registers of currently valid International 
Standards. 
ISO 17%: 1993, Plastics - Determination of flexural 
properties. 
ISO 527-2: 1993, Plastics - Determination of tensiie 
properties - Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and 
extrusion plas tics. 
ISO 4586-2: 1997, High-pressure decorative laminates 
- Sheets made from thermosetting resins - 
Part 2: Determination of properties. 
3 Definition 
For the purposes of this part of ISO 4586, the follow- 
ing definition applies. 
3.1 high-pressure decorative laminate(s) (HPDL, 
HPL): Sheet(s) consisting of layers of fibrous sheet 
material (for example, Paper) impregnated with 
thermosetting resins and bonded together by means 
of heat and a pressure of at least 5 MPa, the outer 
layer or Iayers on one or both side. 
colours or designs. s having decorative 
High-pressure decorative laminate( s) as defined in this 
part of ISO 4586 are made from core layers 
impregnated with phenolic and/or aminoplastic resins 
and a surface layer or layers impregnated with 
aminoplastic resins (mainly melamrne resins,. 
The abbreviation “HPDL” for high-pressure decorative 
laminate(s) is used in ISO 4586. lt should be noted 
that the abbreviation “HPL” is frequently used instead 
of “HPDL”, and the term “HPL” in the European 
Standard EN 438 is equivalent to “HPDL” in 
ISO 4586. 
4 Classification System 
One classification System consists of a materiai type 
describing the specific characteristics of the laminate 
together with three index numbers describing levels 
of Performance. The System has been deveioped to 
cover the numerous HPDL product variants now 
available. 
An alphabetical classification System tan be used as 
an alternative (see 4.5), and table 1 compares the two 
Systems and Shows how they relate PO some typicai 
applications. Horizontal-grade laminates are those having a wear 
resistance index of 3 or greater. Vertical-grade lami- 
nates are those having a wear resistance index of less 
than 3. 
4.1 Index numbers for specifying HPDL 
properties 
First property = Resistance to surface wear (table 2). 
Second property = Resistance to impact by small- 
diameter ball (table 3). 
Third property = Resistance to scratching (table 4). 
4.2 Material type - Special characteristics 
The classes of material Iisted in table 1 are all available 
as standard-type decorative laminated sheet (type S) 
having the basic characteristics descri bed in 
clause 1. 
For some classes of material, additional types (type 
P and type F) are also available, possessing the 
special properties described below. 
4.21 Type P - Postformable decorative 
laminated sheet 
Type P sheet is similar to type S, but it tan also be 
formed in accordance with the manufacturer’s rec- 
ommendations. 
4.22 Type F - Decorative laminated sheet 
having defined reaction to fire 
Type F sheet is similar to type S, but it also meets 
special requirements of specified fire tests, which 
may vary according to the application of the material 
and the country of use. 
4.3 Application characteristics 
Materials are available 
table 1. The list of typica 
category is for guidance 
be comprehensive. in the grades shown in 
applications given for each 
only and is not intended to 
Other combinations of prl Iperties are possible and tan 
be classified by the material type/index number sys- 
tem. 
2 ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 
Table 1 - Classification System and typical applications 
Property 
Material Wear Impact Scratch Equivalent 
Performance category 
tYPe resist- resist- resist- alphabetical Examples of typical 
ante ante ancel) classification applications 
Index number 
Thick materials of high per- 
CGS (compact general- Doors, partitions, Walls, 
purpose Standard) or various self-supporting 
CGF (compact general- components in construction 
purpose flame-retardant) and transportation 
High impact resistance 
Very high resistance to HDS (horizontal heavy- 
duty Standard) or HDF 
(horizontal heavy-duty 
flame-retardant) Counter tops, computer- 
wear 
High resistance to impact Kitchen working surfaces, 
restaurant and hotel tables, 
heavy-duty doors and wall 
coverings, interior Walls of 
public-transport vehicles 
Medium resistance to im- 
patt 
h resistance to scratch- Horizontal applications for 
Office (Computer tables) and 
bathroom furniture 
face wear 
Medium resistance to im- 
patt 
Medium resistance to 
scratching 
Low resistance to surface 
wear 
Medium resistance to im- 
patt and scratching 
Low resistance to surface 
wear and scratching 
Medium resistance to im- 
patt S, F or P 
S - 3) 
1 VGS (vertrcal general- 
purpose Standard), VGF 
(vertical general-purpose Front Panels for kitchen, 
flame-retardant) or VGP Office and bathroom furni- 
(vertical general-purpose ture, wall coverings, shelves 
postforming) 
Special decorative surface 
2 effects for vertical use in 
kitchens, showrooms, etc. 
1 VLS (vertical Iight-duty Exposed side components 
Standard) of cupboards 
1) The reproducibility and accuracy of this test are still to be established, and an alternative test method is under consideration. 
2) The test method (ISO 4586-2:1997, clause 11) is not applicable to compact S and compact F grades; however in practical applications 
the impact resistance of compact laminates is superior to that of other decorative laminate types. 
3) No requirement. But requirements may be determined by interested Parties. 
3 ISO 4586=1:1997(E) P 
0 ISO 
4.4 Properties 
Index numbers are used to specify three important 
HPDL properties. 
4.4.1 Resistance to surface wear (first property) 
Table 2 - Index numbers for resistance to 
surface wear 
Index number 
4.4.2 Resistance to impact by small-diameter 
ball11 (second property) 
Table 3 - Index numbers for resistance to 
impact 
Index number Spring forte 
N 
4.4.3 Resistance to scratching*) (third property) 
Table 4 - Index numbers for resistance to 
scratching 
Index number Load 
N 4.5 Nomenclature 
In addition to the abbreviation “HPDL” and the num- 
ber sf this International Standard, materials tan be 
specified either by the material typelindex number 
System, or by the alphabetical classification System. 
For example, horizontal general-purpose postformable 
laminate tan be specified as HPDL-ISO 4586-P333 or 
HPDL-ISO 4586-HGP. 
5 Requirements 
5.1 Compliance 
The material of each type classified in table 1 shall 
meet the requirements of every property for which a 
value or range is specified in clause 6. 
Two methods of test are given for the measurement 
of dimensional stability, resistance to blistenng, 
formability and resistance to cigarette burns. When 
there is a choice of method, material satisfying the 
requirements of either method shall be deemed to 
comply with the specification for that property; how- 
ever, the choice of method may be agreed between 
the interested Parties. The method selected shall be 
stated in the test report. 
5.2 Notes on requirements for reaction to 
fire 
The requirements for reaction to fire are determined 
by the fire regulations of the country in which the 
material is to be used. 
At present, it is not possible, with any test, to predict 
compliance with all national and other requirements. 
No test is therefore included in this specification and 
reference must be made to those other requirements 
when appropriate. 
The selection of a suitable test or tests for inclusion 
in this part of ISO 4586 will be considered when 
International Standards specifying fire tests for build- 
ing materials and structures have been agreed upon. 
1) Applies only to materials less than 2 mm thick. 
2) See annex B. 0 ISO 
6 Properties 6.4 Appearance ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 
6.1 Colour and Pattern 
When inspected in daylight or D,, Standard illuminant 
and again under a tungsten illuminant, there shall be 
no significant differente between the corresponding 
colour reference Sample held by the supplier and the 
specimen under test. 
6.2 Surface finish 
62.1 Finish matthing 
When inspected at different viewing angles, there 
shall be no significant differente between the corre- 
sponding surface-finish reference Sample held by the 
supplier and the specimen under test. 
NOTE 1 For critical colour-matthing applications, it is 
recommended that sheets be checked for 
colour/surface-finish compatibility before fabrication or in- 
stallation. 
6.22 Bonding 
The reverse side of sheets having only one decorative 
surface shall be suitable for adhesive bonding if so 
required. 
6.3 Thickness 
No requirements for nominal thickness are specified 
for individual types of material listed in table7; how- 
ever, variations from the nominal thickness supplied 
shall at no Point exceed the limits shown in table 5, 
when thickness is measured in accordance with 
ISO 4586-21997, clause 4. 
Table 5 - Permitted variations of thickness 
Values in millimetres 
Nominal thickness, d I Maximum Variation 
0,5 <d < 1,O 
1,O < d < 2,0 
2,0 < d \< 2,5 
2,5 < d < 3,0 
3,0 < d < 4,0 
4,0 < d 6 5,0 
5,0 < d 2 0,lO 
+ 0,15 
& 0,18 
+ 0,20 
+ 0,25 
+ 0,30 
as agreed The following inspection requirements are intended 
as a general guide, indicating the minimum acceptable 
quality for laminates supplied as full-size sheets. Cut- 
to-size Panels and certain applications involving full- 
size sheets may call for special quality requirements 
which tan be negotiated between supplier and pur- 
chaser; in such cases the following requirements may 
be used as a basis for discussion. lt should be noted 
that only a small percentage of sheets in a batch (the 
level to be agreed with the customer) should be of the 
minimum acceptable quality. 
6.4.1 Surface defects 
When inspected in accordance with ISO 4586-23997, 
clause 5, at a distance of 1,5 m, the following surface 
defects are permissible. 
6.4.1.1 Spots, dirt and similar surface defects 
The admissible size of such defects is based on a 
maximum contamination area equivalent to 
1,O mm*/m’ of laminate and is proportional to the 
sheet size under inspection. 
The total admissible area of contamination may be 
concentrated in one spot or dispersed over an unlim- 
ited amount of smaller defects. 
6.4.1.2 Fibres, hairs, scratches 
The admissible size of defects is based on a maxi- 
mum contamination length equivalent to 10 mm/m* 
of laminate and is proportional to the sheet size under 
inspection. 
The total admissible length of contamination may be 
concentrated in one defect or dispersed over an un- 
limited amount of smaller defects. 
6.4.1.3 Combinations of surface defects 
When defect types described in 6.4.1 .l and 6.4.1.2 
occur in the same sheet, then the maximum level for 
each of the two types of defect shall not exceed half 
of the levels prescribed in 6.4.1 .l and 6.4.1.2. ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 0 ISO 
6.4.2 Edge defects 6.4.7 Straightness of edges 
Visual defects (e.g. moisture rnarks, lack of gloss, 
etc.) tan be present on all four edges of the laminate, 
providing the defect-free length and width are not 
more than 20 mm shorter than the nominal length and 
width. 
6.4.3 Broken corners 
One broken corner of < 3 cm or two broken corners 
of < 1,5 cm are allowed. 
These values refer to the distance between the 
original corner and the fracture Iine (see figure 1). 
6.4.4 Sanding defects 
Slight chatter marks (i.e. surface undulations due to 
the sanding process) are allowed. 
6.45 Flatness 
The flatness of laminates is dependent on atmos- 
pheric conditions in the storage area. Provided that 
the laminates are stored in the conditions recom- 
mended by the manufacturer, they shall not show a 
departure of the surface from a straightedge of 1 m 
length, in any Position, of more than the Iimits listed 
in table 6 when the laminate is laid concave side up 
on a flat surface. 
Table 6 - Permitted departure from flatness 
Values in millimetres 
Composition Thickness, d Maximum 
Warp l 
Single-faced lami- 
nate d-c 2,0 
2,0< d < 5,0 120 
50 
Double-faced lami- 2,0< d < 5,0 10 
nate 5,0< d 5 l 
6.4.6 Length and width of a full-size laminate 
The laminate shall be the nominal size with a toler- 
ante of +‘i mm. The edges shall be straight within a t 
1,5 mm per metre length of the edge 
figure2). The edge being measured shall 
1 m long. 
6.4.8 Squareness of the laminate olerance of 
(value a in 
be at least 
The Panel shall be rectangular within a tolerante of 
1,5 mm per metre Yength of the edge (value h in 
figure3). The edge being measured shall be at least 
1 m long. 
6.5 Other properties 
Esch material type, when tested by the appropriate 
methods, shall meet the requirements described in 
tables 1 and 7. 
Figure 1 - Broken corner 
Dimensions in millimetres 
Figure 2 - Measurement of straightness t= 1 000 
1 ISO 458601:1997(E) 
Dimensions in millimetres 
Figure 3 - Measurement of squareness 
7 Test method 
(ISO 4586-2:1997 
Wear resistan 
Resistance to immersion 
in boiling water ass Increase 
Thickness increase 
Resistance to dry heat at 
18Q “C 
at elevated 
temperature Cumulative dimen- See annex A, figureA.3 
Cumulative dime See annex A, figureA.4 
esrstance to Impact by 
Resistance to impact by 
May be agreed between interested Parties 
Resistance to cracking 
under stress (thin lami- 13 6) Susceptibility Grade (not 
worse than) 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 -, 7) - 7) 
nates) 
Resistance to scratching 14 8) Load N (min.) 
(see annex B) See tables 1 and 4 - 9) - 9) 0 
v> 
0 
Property Test method (ISO 4586-2: 1997 
clause No.) Property or Unit 
attribute (max. or min.) HDS 
HDF Material type 
HGS HGP HGF VGS VGP VGF VLS CGS CGF 
Appearance 
Resistance to staining 15 '0) Groups 1 and 2 Grade (not 
worse than) 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 
Groups 3 and 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4 
Resistance to colour Change in Xenon arc light 16 Wool sta ndard (min.) 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 11) 6 11) 
Resistance to cigarette 
burns 17 
(alternative) 
18 
(alternative) Appearance 
Time to failure Grade (not 
worse than) 
s (min.) 3 3 3 3 -2) -2) -2) -2) 3 3 
110 110 100 100 - 2) - 2) - 2) - 2) 110 100 
Formability: 
Method A 19 
(alternative) Radius mm (max.) - 7) - 7) 1512) -7) -71 "10 12) -7) -7) -7) - 7) 
Method B 20 (alternative) Radius mm (max.) - 7) - 7) 15 12) - 7) - 7) 19 12) -7) -7) -7) -7) 
Resistance to blistering: 
Method A 21 Time to blister (alternative) it* - t,) s (min.) - 7) - 7) 15 - 7) - 7) IQ - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) 
Method B 22 Time to blister (alternative) It* - t,) s (min.) - 7) - 7) 15 - 7) -7) IQ -7) -7) -7) -7) 
Resistance to steam 23 Appearance Grade (not 
worse than) 4 4 3 4 4 3 4 3 4 4 
HDSz) 
Resistance to fire 24 1 - 21 - 2) - 13) - 2) - 2) - 13) - 2) - 2) -13) 
HDF’3) 
Resistance to crazing 
(compact laminates) 25 Suscepti bility Grade (not 
worse than) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) 4 4 
Resistance to moisture 
(double-faced compact laminates) 26 Appearance Grade (not 
worse than) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) 4 3 
For footnotes, see next Page. m Property 
Flexural modulus Test method 
(ISO 4586-2:1997 
clause No.) Property or 
attribute Unit 
(max. or min.) HDS 
HDF Material type 
HGS HGP HGF VGS VGP VGF VLS CGS CGF 
Tensile strength ISO 527-2 ‘5) Stress Mpa (min,) - 7) ~ 7) - 7) - 7) -. 7) - 7) - 7) - 7) 70 
1) Test samples shall be reduced by machining to a thickness of < 15 mm. 
2) No requirement. 
3) L = in the longitudinal (or machine) direction of the fibrous sheet material (normally the direction of the longest dimension of the laminated sheet). 
4) T = in the Cross-longitudinal (or Cross-machine) direction of the fibrous sheet material (at right angles to drrectton L). 
5) Intended to indicate Performance under normal climatic condition. 
6) Applies only to materials less than 2 mm thick. 
7) Not applicable. 
8) Under consideration 60 
9) Test samples shall be reduced by machining to a thickness of < 8 mm. 
10) Acids and alkalis in concentrations stronger than those shown in group 3, which may be present in commercial cleaning agents, tan Cause surface darnage or markrng even 
with very short contact times. Any spillage of such materials must be washed off the laminate surface Immediately. 
11) Test samples shall be reduced by machining to a thickness of < 3 mm. 
12) Limits for laminates > 1,5 mm shall be agreed between the interested Parties. 
13) The material shall meet specific requirements for reaction to fire in its application in the country of use 
14) Test Speed: 2 mm/min. 
15) Specimen type IA, test Speed: 5 mm/min. m Annex A 
(normative) ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 
Addendum to specifications table 7, relating to test methods 7, 9 and 10 
In table7, reference is made to figures A.1 to 8.4 in 
specifying resistance to boiling water and dimensional 
sta bility. 
The characteristics are dependent on laminate thick- 
ness, and the curves therefore provide more com- 
plete information than discrete limits. 
The curves give the maximum limiting values for each 
laminate type (S, P and F). No attempt has been made to prescribe specific laminate thicknesses for the 
various fields of application, but in determining the 
quality of a laminate of a given thickness it is impor- 
tant to know where these properties lie in relation to 
the appropriate limit curves. 
Knowing the expected Performance, the customer 
tan select the laminate thickness which will best 
meet the requirements of a particular application. 
0 1 2 3 e 5 6 7 17 18 19 20 
Thickness, mm 
Figure A.l - Water absorption - % increase in mass 
11 ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 
r, 1 
I!iii]i 1 IT\ 
11’ 11 1 lIT[ 
lllill ! /IIt. 
l ! T 1 l l 1 1 I l ! I l I ) 1 25(/i/iiil/iij/i;jijijll;il, 1 1 1 1 1i ' f +/--w+w 1 1 i-i i- 
z 
c 
% .- 
5 C .- 
i!i 
ii 
6 
c 
; illllirI~~ ill, 
1 1 1 
1 L l l 11 1 T _ 
; ; ’ / 1, ‘YP-- I I 1 
T------ ------ 4 -. 1 
__ - __.. __ .__--_ ,--p-Y- i 
FEl3 “mit.\ , 1 1 1 \ !-’ ri-T-T’TTT--T T’-T-J--/- 
5 1 ’ 
I l i I 7 1 l 1 / I I I , l 1 1 , , 1 i , 1 I ! I 1 I 1 
- 
1 r [[ [TT~-‘T’-I’:[\I~I 1 i L 
! 1’1’1’ 
I I Irilli ; 1’1” 1”’ / liJl.!ljll 1 , : 1 
r / I i / I ; 1 1 ; ! i 1 : ! 1 1 1 
2 3 4 5 6 7 
Thickness, mm 18 20 
Figure A.2 - Water absorption - % increase in thickness 
\ 
\ 
h 
,,d-I- 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I I I 12 
ci 
$1 u 
d 
.E 0,8 I . I 41 1 
I I I I I I I 1 I I 1 I I II 
. 
I I 1 I 
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 
Thlckness tmmP 17 18 19 20 
T = Cross-longitudinal (or Cross-machine) direction 
L = Longitudinal (or machine) direction 
Figure A.3 - Dimensional stability - Test method 9 - Types S, F and P 
12 ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 
06 ” 
04 I 
02 8 1 i i i i i i i i 
4 5 6 7 
Thickness, mm y-?j--+‘!‘ii’i;i I I 1 1 I I Ii ‘Ill 1 I Ii 11 111 11 11 
1 / 
/ / 4 I l 1 ; 1 1 1 I 
1 1 I I i I I 1 t i i i 
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I i 
I I 1 
T = Cross-longitudinal (or Cross-machine) direction 
L = Longitudinal (or machine) direction 17 18 19 20 
Figure A.4 - Dimensional stabil@ - Test method 10 - Types S, F and P 
13 ISO 4586=1:1997(E) 
Annex B 
(normative) 
Addendum to specifications table7, relating to test method 14 
The scratch resistance of decorative laminates is in- 
fluenced by surface finish and colour, and the Iimits 
given in table 7 indicate the minimum acceptable per- 
formante for each laminate type. However, vaiues 
which are much higher than these Iimits tan be 
achieved by selecting particular combinations of col- 
our, print and surface finish. 
In general terms, light colours show better resistance 
to scratching than dark colours; for a given colour, 
prints are better than plain colours and textured sur- r- 
0 ISO 
face finishes have better scratch resistance than plane 
surfaces. 
Figure ES.1 gives an indication of the effect of surface 
finish and colour on the scratch-resistance perform- 
ante of laminates. The choice of surface finish, colour 
and print tan be made to suit the particular appli- 
cation. 
For example, with a deep, rough structure in white, 
values of about IO N tan be obtained. 
, 
Dark colour Medium colour Light colour 
Figure B.1 - Effects of surface finish and colour on scratch resistance 
14 This page intentionally left blank ISO 4586=1:1997(E) @ ISO 
ICS 83.140.20 
Descriptors: plastics, laminates, decorative coatings, thermosetting resins, plastic sheets, classification, specifications, material 
specifications. 
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