WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  TN/TF/W/151 
30 November 2007 
 
 (07-5283) 
Negotiating Group on Trade Facilitation Original:   English 
  
 
 
COMMUNICATION FROM THE UNITED STATES  
 
  The following communication, dated 15 November 2007, is being circulated at the request of the delegation of the United States.  
_______________ 
 
 
 
UNITED STATES' ASSISTANCE ON TRADE FACILITATION 
  
 This submission provides an updated overview of  U.S. Aid-for-Trade in trade facilitation and 
related activities.  (The United States originally submitted an overview in document TN/TF/W/71).  The 
Annexes list US technical assistance on a country-by-country basis and describe the level of assistance and the nature of the activities.    I. SUMMARY 
1. Between 2002 and 2006, US Aid-for-T rade more than doubled from $0.6 billion to $1.4 billion.  
Trade facilitation assistance continues to represent one of the largest shares of total United States support 
for Aid-for-Trade, comprising $310 million in 2006 a nd totalling $1.3 billion since 2002.  Since 2002, the 
United States has carried out activities in more than one hundred countries worldwide
1 in all areas of 
trade facilitation to simplify, standardize, and harm onize customs and other border procedures; improve 
customs cooperation at the bilateral, regional an d multilateral levels; and develop and strengthen 
cooperation and consultation between customs administrations and st akeholders.  This includes work in 
transparency, administrative practice and organization,  risk management, customs valuation, harmonized 
system classification, rules of origin, intellectual prope rty rights, importer audit, integrity awareness, and 
automation. 
2. Assistance is conducted in a coordinated fashion th rough key agencies such as the US Agency for 
International Development (USAID), the Millenni um Challenge Corporation, the US Trade and 
Development Agency, the Commercial Law Developmen t Program of the US Department of Commerce, 
US Customs and Border Protection, the US Pa tent and Trademark Office and many others. 
                                                      
1 Annexes A - C provide detailed information on US trade facilitation programs worldwide.  US assistance 
related to trade facilitation is generally de fined as assistance in lowering the costs of engaging in, or eliminating obstacles  
to, international trade flows.  More information on US assistance can be found at http://qesdb.cdie.org/tcb/index.html . 
 TN/TF/W/151 
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  II.   THE MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE ACCOUNT (MCA) 
3. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) , through the Millennium Challenge Account 
(MCA) it administers, has significantly increased US  contributions to Aid-for-Trade by channelling 
grants to developing countries that demonstrate a str ong commitment to investing in their people, ruling 
justly and encouraging economic freedom.  Based on proposals de veloped by partner countries 
themselves, much of MCA assistance has focused on in frastructure and trade facilitation issues. In the 
first 16 MCA Compacts worth $5.5 billion, roughly 60 percent (or $3.4 billion) of country-proposed 
programs incorporate Aid-for-Trade activities, reflect ing the priority MCA countries have put on Aid-for-
Trade.
2 
4. For example, $169 million of the $307 million MCC pr ogram with Benin aims to reduce delays 
at the port and increase the volume of imports and e xports by improving port performance and security, 
expanding capacity, and reducing costs.  Parts of  the program will fund key feasibility studies, 
environmental assessments and revision of the master plan for the port ($8 million); computerization and 
streamlining of customs clearance procedures fo r merchandise ($11 million); the safety and security 
aspects of the port for compliance with interna tional safety requirements ($74 million); and major 
improvements to the physical infrastructure, includi ng construction of a new south wharf, a dry bulk 
conveyor system, environmental mana gement improvements and an environmentally appropriate solution 
to address sedimentation of the entrance of the port ($76 million). 
III. PROVIDING INNOVATIVE AND PRACTICAL SUPPORT RELATED TO 
IMPLEMENTATION OF COMMITMENTS 
5. US partnerships in development achieve practical  results when recipient countries identify their 
precise needs, taking into account input from all govern ment agencies, private sector, and civil society.  
Success is highly dependent on local commitment and in tense collaboration with our developing country 
partners. 
6. One example of this type of innovative colla boration is provided by the Dominican Republic-
Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) .  In a first for any free trade agreement, 
CAFTA-DR partners developed an assessment, or "Nati onal Strategy", that defined their TCB needs.  
The National Strategy provided donors with a guide to  focus their assistance, wh ile at the same time 
helping partners prioritize and coordinate their needs with internal stakeholders.  In order to maximize 
resources and avoid duplication, CAFTA-DR trading pa rtners invited non-gove rnmental organizations, 
representatives from the private sector, and interna tional institutions such as the Inter-American 
Development Bank and the World Bank to participat e.  The working group developing the national 
strategy attracted the participation of organizations  as diverse as the Humane Society International and 
the Business Coalition for Capacity Building.  In  their National Strategies, CAFTA-DR countries 
identified improving customs administrative proces ses and procedures and increasing the use of risk 
management for cargo selectivity as their primary need s.  After identifying these priorities, the group 
acted quickly to put together a comprehensive, multi-year Action Plan to address these areas.   
IV. ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES OF UNITED STATES SUPPORT  
A. PERU 
7. In Peru, the United States is continuing its support for Creating Conditions for Economic 
Revitalization (CRECER), in the context of the Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA). CRECER 
assists Government of Peru efforts to improve th e competitiveness of Peru and adopt administrative 
reforms.  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance on aspects of the World Trade 
                                                      
2Figures include MCC compacts signed or approved from 2005 through November 2007.  TN/TF/W/151 
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  Organization (WTO) agreement including customs post importation audit, valuation, infrastructure, and 
customs commercial operations and procedures.  Anot her project, Programa Integral para el Desarrollo 
del Café (PIDECAFE), will coordinate the deliver y of training, technical assistance, post-harvest 
processing, marketing services and citizenship exerci ses to approximately 760 farm families and their 
collective associations within a regional development program to market organic cacao and granulated 
brown sugar.  The United States is also providing assistance to an investment in the copper mining 
industry in Peru for expansion of the Cerro Verde mine . The majority of this copper will be exported into 
world markets. 
B. ETHIOPIA  
8. In Ethiopia, the United States continues its support under the Sanitary Phytosanitary Standards 
and Livestock and Meat Marketing activity.  This program is developing an internationally credible 
program for certifying that Ethiopian meat and livest ock exports carry no risk of transboundary diseases. 
It is helping to increase production of export quality meat and supports market analysis and market development.  Accomplishments realized since the inception of the program include: trade missions were 
conducted to several Middle East countries to develop new market links and develop protocols on 
sanitary/phytosanitary standards (SPS) requirements, assessments were completed on abattoir processing 
operations and feedlot management, a nd SPS-related capacity building was further enhanced in Ethiopia.   
C. S
UB-SAHARAN AFRICA  
9. United States support for trade facilitation in Su b-Saharan Africa, in addition to the many 
activities at the country and sub-regional level, in cludes funding for the Africa Development Foundation 
(ADF) business model.  This model involves A frican-led, on-the-ground operations, country- and 
industry-specific investment strategies, host governme nt co-investment, and private sector partnership.  
The ADF serves as a catalyst for enterprise developmen t in Africa by responding to unsolicited funding 
proposals from African SMEs, agricultural prod ucer groups, cooperatives, and community-based 
organizations. ADF helps its grantees diagnose thei r constraints, assess market opportunities, conduct 
financial analyses on investment options, and deve lop business plans to support commercially viable 
activities. 
D. ZAMBIA  
10. The Millennium Challenge Corporation a nd the USAID Mission in Zambia support a 
comprehensive technical assistance activity for Bo rder Management.  The project includes several 
activities for trade-capacity building:  build capacity in modern customs techniques and integrated border 
control and management; strengthen sanitary and phytosanitary services in Ministry of Agriculture and 
Co-operatives; strengthen import and export quality monitoring, standardization, and certification; and 
establish a national accreditation body that will accred it conformity assessment (inspection, testing, 
certification and calibration) bodies.   
E. JORDAN  
11. The United States is supporting the Aqaba speci al economic zone in its mission to expand 
economic development in southern Jordan, as well as a Business Development Center to provide firm-
level assistance to firms to help them cope with th e integration of Jordan into the global economy.   
Another key US activity provides Jordan with inspec tion and detection equipment and training.  This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S.  Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilatera l approach, promoting harmonization of national 
export control systems with international standard s and facilitating information-sharing agreements 
among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and TN/TF/W/151 
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  technical experts together to share information and b est practices.  In addition,  the Integrated Customs 
Modernization Program is improving the efficiency  of the customs administration and modernizing 
customs clearance procedures. It will also implem ent a "single window" facility to significantly speed 
flows of imports, exports, and transit goods, while at  the same time ensuring security at the borders.  
F. G
LOBAL PROGRAMS NOT SPECIFIC TO ANY REGION  
12. The United States supports border security and cu stoms operations by supporting the ability of 
countries globally to utilize Tracker, an automated licensing system. Support for Tracker takes a regional 
and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of nationa l export control systems with international 
standards and facilitating information-sharing agreem ents among nations.  The program also organizes a 
number of regional fora to bring national policym akers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. 
G. PARAGUAY  
13. In Paraguay, the United States supports the Strengt hening Border and Customs Controls Activity, 
with two main objectives: improving land and rive r border patrolling by creating a special rapid 
deployment unit; and the monitoring of goods being transported within the national borders, through a 
system of surveillance, control, and repressi on that will deter the smuggling of contraband. 
H. PHILIPPINES  
14. In the Philippines, the US is supporting the Ec onomic Modernization through Efficient Reforms 
and Governance Enhancement (EMERGE) program focusing on policy reforms related to trade, 
investment, and fiscal reforms that are essential for ac celerated and sustainable growth.  The main themes 
of the project are improving competitiveness, expanding trade and investments by enhancing trade 
liberalization and facilitation, as well  as reducing policy-induced restrictions and transactions costs of 
investment.  In addition, the Ministry of Finance and the Bureau of Customs are receiving Aid for Trade.  Activities include training for the "Run After The Smugglers" staff (or RATS) in profiling, case evaluation and litigation, improve information ma nagement including document security; developing 
database for use by RATS; strengthening the Customs Accreditation Secretariat (CAS); harmonizing 
customs law, rules and regulations; establishing an Integrity Action Plan; and establishing an Internal 
Control Unit. 
I. E
ASTERN & CENTRAL AFRICA  
15. The main objective of the Regional Agricultura l Trade Expansion Support (RATES) Program is 
to increase the volume and value of trade in selected agricultural commodities.  In order to respond to 
trade constraints affecting selected commodity value- chains and those affecting agricultural trade in 
general, RATES works with regional trade associa tions, national-level trad e organizations, private 
companies and individual entrepreneurs to identify a nd remove barriers to trade in the region.  In 
particular, RATES works to increase the competitive ness of coffee, maize, cotton, grain and dairy 
products in the region.  By working with regional tr ade associations and partne ring with the US private 
sector, RATES is able to increase both the volume and the value of goods traded in these sectors.  To 
date, Regional trade has increased by 58% in the RATES supported commodities.  
J. ASEAN  SECRETARIAT  
16. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (A SEAN)-US technical assistance training facility is 
designed to advance the goals of the US-ASEAN Coope ration Plan and strengthe ns ASEAN as a regional 
institution by:  (1) Strengthening the ASEAN Secretar iat as regards to regiona l economic integration, 
transnational issues and regional security.  (2) Enha ncing ASEAN economic inte gration and cooperation.  TN/TF/W/151 
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  (3) Improving regional responses to transnational issu es.  The facility consists of policy studies, 
assessments, trainings, and activities covering seven discrete activity streams: sector integration, 
investment, customs, trade facilitation, trade in ser vices, trade negotiations, tr ade-related coordination, 
dialog, and strengthened secretariat resources.  Each  activity stream responds to one or more specific 
directive of the Vientiane Action Program (VAP), current six year plan by ASEAN for progressing 
toward integration. 
 
 
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  ANNEX A 
 
United States Trade Facilitation Assistance Funding (By Country) 
 
 (US$) 
Countries or Regions 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Afghanistan . 3,107,781 22,205,000 13,146,998 8,833,906 
Albania 395,000 1,801,500 1,945,000 1,347,784 1,746,130 Algeria . 215,750 117,215 70,159 . Angola 23,914 . 150,000 160 . Argentina . 5,000 . 55,565 550,000 Armenia 1,332,500 2,135,622 300,000 1,741,124 3,615,000 
Azerbaijan 1,057,500 . 8,000 367,391 1,650,000 
Bangladesh 1,734,800 1,700,000 1,200,000 1,173,404 19,500 Belarus . . . 360,000 486,800 Benin 23,913 . . . 17,170,000 Bolivia 4,725,000 2,900,000 3,495,000 6,363,152 8,179,196 Bosnia and Herzegovina 648,000 1,455,222 350,850 2,570,000 3,345,000 
Botswana . 147,000 . . . 
Brazil 704,782 69,000 795,727 150,000 1,098,104 Bulgaria 1,957,952 1,579,600 781,000 585,000 435,000 Cambodia 50,000 . . 3,326,796 1,750,000 Cameroon 330,250 16,000 2,100 . . Cape Verde . 145,825 . . 1,775,021 
Chad 500,000 500,000 2,100 . . 
Chile . 19,801 . 112,838 514,958 China (P.R.C.) 588,305 585,250 189,963 966,471 979,755 Colombia 75,980 . 23,382,500 29,565,510 33,206,455 Congo (Brazzaville) . . 2,100 . . Costa Rica 136,658 172,105 . 128,500 . 
Cote d'Ivoire 125,000 . . . . 
Croatia 3,119,000 3,167,081 3,747,800 5,458,546 2,000,000 Cyprus . . . . 150,000 Czech Republic 619,000 . . . . 
Democratic Republic of Congo 
(Kinshasa) 108,222 . . . . 
Djibouti . . 1,214,860 600,000 . 
Dominican Republic . 325,575 1,489,500 1,070,000 716,264 Ecuador 343,091 1,033,365 2,142,300 2,710,016 1,510,800 Egypt 33,645,250 40,650,000 37,171,052 37,178,000 17,440,000 El Salvador 3,002,460 4,691,345 5,174,142 5,450,000 3,650,822 
Equatorial Guinea . . 2,100 . .  TN/TF/W/151 
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  Countries or Regions 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Eritrea 108,222 . 34,749 . . 
Ethiopia 23,913 89,610 . 765,000 9,610,000 Gabon . . 2,100 . 271,500 Georgia . 1,881,690 561,000 356,000 1,424,709 Ghana 3,950,606 2,116,000 1,907,376 1,448,700 1,755,367 
Guatemala 167,907 4,839,611 1,878,855 348,400 2,244,416 
Guinea 23,913 300,000 900,000 100,000 1,500,000 Guinea-Bissau . . 438,208 300,000 . Guyana 525,000 587,290 500,000 864,000 1,128,600 Haiti 25,000 650,000 1,550, 000 942,500 400,000 
Honduras 1,577,160 1,947,585 4,193,545 2,033,640 400,000 
Hungary 125,000 . . . 80,000 
India 686,400 50,000 . 750,441 451,401 Indonesia 815,418 933,459 565,281 3,584,300 3,179,825 Iraq . . 20,500 46,856,000 3,769,232 Jamaica 742,700 293,913 346,750 372,500 353,781 Jordan 3,862,058 10,080,000 9,300,000 10,206,000 15,695,633 
Kazakhstan 2,925,213 4,927,428 4,212,550 2,938,984 2,570,863 
Kenya 233,222 812,500 2,529,507 819,200 2,195,750 Kosovo 2,795,000 3,079,000 322,750 729,000 148,900 Kyrgyzstan 2,975,000 3,030,000 3,667,000 2,790,148 1,420,655 Laos . . . 100,000 . Lebanon 125,000 . . . . 
Lesotho . . . . 85,000 
Liberia 23,913 . . . . Lithuania . . . . 538,000 Macedonia 1,676,500 5,705,650 3,267,000 6,613,647 6,711,547 Madagascar 348,913 900,000 1,190,000 9,599,150 115,000 Malawi 108,222 2,043,296 925,000 345,000 235,000 
Malaysia . . . 52,800 420,000 
Mali 477,956 4,378,015 3,219,462 2,935,000 1,297,650 Mauritius . 16,000 . . . Mexico 290,238 2,175,900 10,457,500 1,333,465 2,739,083 Moldova 225,000 950,888 . 4,991,071 604,407 Mongolia 1,041,000 500,000 952,500 1,011,260 426,411 
Montenegro . . . . 35,728 
Morocco 1,271,153 2,652,810 5,197,768 9,886,825 9,370,706 Mozambique 1,873,913 1,241,800 5,000,604 2,352,500 3,363,000 Namibia 1,498,913 644,230 414,000 995,000 200,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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  Countries or Regions 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Nepal 20,000 12,500 100,000 37,500 12,500 
Nicaragua 1,102,460 3,943,485 5,535,507 21,848,421 2,650,000 Nigeria 548,913 80,462 . . 214,873 Oman . . . . 300,000 Pakistan . 145,000 1,600,000 1,005,000 3,032,500 
Panama . . . 1,076,800 248,000 
Paraguay . 900,000 1,015,000 1,288,310 5,332,074 Peru 2,881,000 1,656,000 3,540,000 2,839,300 16,581,881 Philippines 1,027,100 1,305,494 1,413,979 1,914,000 5,245,000 Romania 2,827,400 2,618,025 1,295,000 668,000 1,488,423 Russia 11,739,900 10,326,464 7,758,250 835,000 1,984,000 
Rwanda 2,608,222 150,000 246,000 75,000 580,000 
Sao Tome and Principe . . 2,100 . . Senegal 330,913 934,984 . 837,500 2,025,000 Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) 10,739,000 3,611,752 2,154,427 1,738,178 2,810,100 Sierra Leone . 662,500 . . . Slovak Republic . . . . 406,000 
Somalia 23,913 . 135,000 . . 
South Africa 725,633 862,000 997,920 3,627,673 2,872,377 Sri Lanka 1,160,000 320,000 540,000 2,576,000 300,000 Sudan 50,000 124,000 552,000 2,000,000 1,750,000 Swaziland . 22,000 . . . Tajikistan 1,000,000 1,857,041 1,229,750 982,317 669,125 
Tanzania 421,870 651,000 320,000 965,875 225,000 
Thailand 125,000 285,000 1,629,500 1,362,299 242,000 Timor Leste . 166,500 1,327,740 1,320,000 . Tunisia 225,000 171,850 459,999 . . Turkey . . . . 350,000 Turkmenistan 300,000 298,500 342,000 607,594 400,000 
Uganda 1,987,472 1,456,052 2,620,764 2,470,004 672,947 
Ukraine 1,100,828 3,584,018 7,552,821 5,609,004 3,915,204 Uzbekistan 1,615,000 3,012,896 1,941,209 1,598,854 97,034 Vietnam 1,195,777 3,540,750 1,294,187 2,158,842 2,139,966 West Bank/Gaza 3,382,500 6,121,596 5,124,955 19,096,938 . Yemen . 210,000 . 73,000 200,000 
Zambia 798,913 451,440 1,339,803 750,000 6,920,000 
Zimbabwe 148,913 . . . .  TN/TF/W/151 
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Other Groups** 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
APEC Secretariat . 240,400 . . . 
ASEAN Secretariat . . . . 2,209,869 Andean ns 550,000 . 6,429,150 . . Asia ns 4,029,700 3,948,301 3,823,900 4,491,432 2,737,393 COMESA Secretariat . 1,950,000 500,000 819,000 . Caribbean ns 2,860,000 4,306,750 3,609,108 4,287,500 3,582,992 
Central America ns . 14,432,331 6,841,511 8,050,000 2,430,000 
Central and Eastern Europe ns 3,787,010 1,415,100 7,635,446 3,555,750 4,244,441 Eastern and Central Africa ns 830,000 1,800,000 2,610,000 3,341,250 6,311,474 Former Soviet Republics ns . 83,783 49,900 8,656,500 714,114 Global ns 2,832,500 1,416,000 2,555,400 6,633,544 11,946,442 Latin America and Caribbean ns 1,124,163 5,930,950 4,153,100 2,925,541 2,400,636 
Middle East and North Africa ns 2,000,000 497,000 100,000 2,277,150 717,967 
SACU Secretariat . 210,000 . . . SADC Secretariat 402,000 1,193,880 . . . South America ns 1,250 . . . . Southern Africa ns 2,805,000 3,261,980 2,798,536 3,900,960 3,900,960 Southern Asia ns 4,050,000 310,000 307,914 630,000 1,029,805 
Sub Saharan Africa ns 5,594,000 5,052,500 9,160,100 1,928,800 9,663,811 
Western Africa ns 3,066,750 5,531,814 6,139,703 6,600,788 8,456,111 
    
Total 167,787,129 224,311,593 278,203,991 368,377,566 309,574,892 
** These are activities not targeted to a specific country. 
ns = not specified 
The Economic Analysis and Data Services (EADS) collects trade cap acity building information from U.S. government agencies. EADS  
maintains and furnishes the information through the Online TCB Database at http://qesdb.usaid.gov /tcb/index.html. This work is carried out for 
USAID by DevTech Systems, Inc. u nder purchase order RAN-M-00-07-00004-00. 
  
 TN/TF/W/151 
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ANNEX B 
 
United States Trade Facilitation Assistance Funding (By Region) 
 
ASIA 
(US$) 
TABLE 1: TCB BY CATEGORY 
 
Trade Facilitation Sub-category 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Customs Operation & Administration  298,890 3,318,611 15,267,740   822,627  10,648,093 
E-Commerce & IT  2,284,871 2,397,616  2,241,528  2,382,946  1,508,365 
Export Promotion  2,004,043 1,961,000  4,610,811  5,351,703  2,494,442 
Business Services & Training  7,750,987  5,111,425 11,961,515  16,946,628  12,397,136 
Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)  23,529 3,985,700 2,280,950  4,588,982  2,353,038 
Other Trade Facilitation  4,161,179  135,684 787,420  9,514,657  3,608,756 
Total Trade Facilitation 16,523,500 16,910,035 37,149,964  39,607,542  33,009,830 
 
 
CENTRAL & EASTERN EUROPE 
(US$) 
TABLE 2: TCB BY CATEGORY 
 
Trade Facilitation Sub-category 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Customs Operation & Administration  5, 217,000 2,385,400 3,772,251   530,363  8,656,094 
E-Commerce & IT  1,414,552 1,733,475  1,206,096  1,626,237  1,432,192 
Export Promotion  6,038,943 8,150,457  6,745,861  7,802,789  5,630,408 
Business Services & Training  15,429,868  6,548,467 8,670,685  11,620,499  6,492,947 
Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)  423,500 5,615,130 550,074  264,000  443,347 
Other Trade Facilitation  165, 000 . 554,306  1,422,017  1,834,280 
Total Trade Facilitation 28,688,862 24,432,929 21,499,273  23,265,904  24,489,269 
 
 
FORMER SOVIET REPUBLICS 
(US$) 
TABLE 3: TCB BY CATEGORY 
 
Trade Facilitation Sub-category 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Customs Operation & Administration  1, 867,500 3,720,230 1,714,000   735,685  8,958,251 
E-Commerce & IT  2,227,500 814,974 668,250  2,184,319  942,595 
Export Promotion  3,151,500 5,422,678  4,309,992  5,836,110  2,478,600 
Business Services & Training  16,837,441  21,913,557 20,909,238  17,174,359  4,774,886 
Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)  112,000 216,890 21,000  680,000  . Other Trade Facilitation  75,000 . .  5,223,513  2,397,577 
Total Trade Facilitation 24,270,941 32,088,330 27,622,480  31,833,987  19,551,910 
  TN/TF/W/151 
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  LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN 
(US$) 
TABLE 4: TCB BY CATEGORY 
 
Trade Facilitation Sub-category 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Customs Operation & Administration  717, 818 1,795,649 5,127,427  1,749,333  8,109,486 
E-Commerce & IT  661,963 4,066,249 2,311,471  1,205,878  1,040,094 
Export Promotion  3,644,898 17,230,871  32,269,660  32,219,551  41,446,118 
Business Services & Training  14,113,019  17,435,171 23,018,264  41,648,162  30,577,101 
Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)  1,485,950  10,244,548 22,611,346  14,642,583  6,289,574 
Other Trade Facilitation  211,200 107,518 1,191,027  2,350,451  2,455,690 
Total Trade Facilitation 20,834,849 50,880,006 86,529,194  93,815,958  89,918,063 
 
 
MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA 
(US$) 
TABLE 5:  TCB BY CATEGORY 
 
Trade Facilitation Sub-category 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Customs Operation & Administration  8,698, 959 7,366,694 2,163,006  11,229,134  13,637,119 
E-Commerce & IT  13,775,365 14,504,490  12,482,702  30,835,447  6,170,637 
Export Promotion  8,898,575 22,834,506  23,418,086  30,346,731  12,249,706 
Business Services & Training  8,188,787  14,254,124 17,474,643  48,080,710  7,319,368 
Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)  . 1,502,063 1,418,750  3,778,050  1,537,708 
Other Trade Facilitation  4,949,275  137,130 534,303  1,374,000  6,579,000 
Total Trade Facilitation 44,510,961 60,599,006 57,491,490  125,644,072  47,493,538 
 
 
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA 
(US$) 
TABLE 6: TCB BY CATEGORY  
 
Trade Facilitation Sub-category 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 
Customs Operation & Administration  2,500,000 2,479,274 3,207,160   1,762,811  12,909,284 
E-Commerce & IT  2,271,251 3,780,761 3,999,919   4,117,851  3,483,196 
Export Promotion  5,954,508 11,814,005 15,503,620   13,952,971  23,601,051 
Business Services & Training  11,229,824 10,012,718 12,295,889   16,472,065  24,333,629 
Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)  7,404,469 7,458,130 5,259,108   4,145,772  3,739,034 
Other Trade Facilitation  765,464 2,200,000 5,090,495  7,125,090  15,099,646 
Total Trade Facilitation 30,125,517 37,744,887 45,356,191  47,576,560  83,165,841 
 
 
The Economic Analysis and Data Services (EADS) collects trade capacity building information from U.S. government agencies. EADS  
maintains and furnishes the information through the Online TCB Da tabase at http://qesdb.usaid.gov/tcb/index.html. This work is carried out for 
USAID by DevTech Systems, Inc. u nder purchase order RAN-M-00-07-00004-00.  TN/TF/W/151 
Page 12  
 
  ANNEX C 
  
United States Trade Facilitation Activity Descriptions (By Category) 
   
 
 The six sub-categories which the US uses to cla ssify Trade Facilitation Assistance are: Customs 
 and Operation Administration, E-Commerce and IT , Export Promotion, Business Services and 
 Training, Regional Trade Agreemen ts, and Other Trade Facilitation. 
 
 
 
TCB Sub-Category: Customs Operation & Administration  
Year: 2006  
Total Funding: $67,457,827  
 
 
(Note: Funding values are not necessarily activity totals, but represent the proportion of the activity 
allocated to this trade facilitation sub-category.)  
Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection/Detection Equipment and 
Training in 
Afghanistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing training and equipment for inspection and detection to Afghanistan. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Afghanistan  400,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Strengthening 
Private Sector through Capacity Building  The goal is to establish proper economic governance 
within the economic-centered ministries and agencies 
of Afghanistan: Ministries of Finance, Commerce, and Telecommunications, administration of the 
president, as well as the central bank and the Afghan 
National Development Strategy. Results: (1) Customs generated $150 million in Afghan fiscal year 1383 (2004-5), surpassing the IMF domestic revenue generation goal. (2) The project assisted privatization of the telecom industry, in drafting the telecom law 
and in creating the Afghan Telecom Regulatory 
Authority. Four nationa l mobile licenses (AWCC, 
Roshan, Etisalat and Areeba) exist now, and the sale of these four licenses raised $90.2 million for the government. In 2005, AWCC and Roshan paid $19 
million in taxes. The value of Afghan Telecom is 
estimated to be between $50 and $150 million. A 20 percent stake in AWCC is worth about $8 million now, compared to $10 million for the full license purchased in 2003. Funded and implemented by USAID/Afghanistan.  Afghanistan  1,540,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Investigation of 
Nonproliferation 
Incidents by Albania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Albania to manage the 
investigation of nonproliferation export control 
incidents. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative 
by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Albania  80,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Maritime Legal Authorities Development in 
Albania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Albania to control its maritime borders. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Albania  75,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Operational 
Capabilities in 
Albania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
boosting the operational capabilities of Albania. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Albania  100,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Operational Maritime Equipment in 
Albania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
boosting the operational capacity of Albania to 
control its maritime borders. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Albania  65,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Industry Outreach 
Informational 
Website in Albania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing an industry outreach informational website 
in Albania. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Albania  50,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Government - Industry Relations Forum in Albania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
hosting a government-industry relations forum in Albania. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Albania  115,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection and 
Detection 
Equipment and Training in Albania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Albania with inspection and detection 
equipment and training. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Albania  20,000 
 
        TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Interdiction of Materials / Radiation Academy 
- Argentina  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Argentina to manage an interdiction system through the Interdiction of Materials and Radiation Academy, or 
Interdict/RADACAD, developed at the Pacific 
Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). The comprehensive course provides training to detect, identify, interdict and investigate the illicit movement of materials, commodities and components associated with the development or deployment of weapons of 
mass destruction. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. Funded by Department of 
State and implemented by De partment of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Argentina  250,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Targeting and Risk 
Management Training in Argentina  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Argentina to target controls 
and manage risk. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Argentina  50,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training in 
Argentina  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Argentina with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Argentina  250,000 
 
       
Customs Technical 
Assistance  This activity funds an advisor that will provide 
approximately 12 months  of customs-related 
technical assistance to the Armenian State Customs 
Committee (SCC). A consultant has already been 
made available, primarily to provide assistance to the SCC in implementing and expanding direct trader input (DTI), which allows traders themselvesor their brokersto declare the value of their goods, 
rather than customs agents directly involving 
themselves in the process. The hope is to reduce corruption in the form of extraneous payments to customs agents by reducing the extent of custom agent involvement in the customs value declaration 
process. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Armenia.  Armenia  90,000 
 
        TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Product Identification Tool Development in 
Armenia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Armenia to manage a product identification tool for export control. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Armenia  200,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Government to 
Industry Outreach 
Forum I in Armenia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
hosting a government to industry outreach forum in
Armenia. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Armenia  150,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
End Use / End User Training II in Armenia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Armenia to implement end use / end user controls. In th is type of export control, 
the focus is on the end-use and end-user of the item, 
rather than the item itself. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Armenia  40,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Commodity Identification Training in Armenia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Armenia to conduct commodity identification programs. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier 
initiative by the U.S. Government to help other 
countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Armenia  80,000 
 
        TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Integrity Awareness Training for Armenia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Armenia with integrity awareness training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Armenia  75,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection 
Equipment and 
Training - Armenia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Armenia with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Armenia  155,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
International Seaport Interdiction Training - Asia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Asia n countries to implement 
an international seaport interdiction program. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Asia ns  140,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Targeting and Risk 
Management in Asia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Asia n countries to target 
export controls and manage ri sk. This activity is part 
of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve 
their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Asia ns  150,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
International Seaport Interdiction Training in Asia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Asia n countries to implement 
an international seaport interdiction system. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Asia ns  150,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Government 
Outreach Training in Asia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Asia n countries to implement 
a government outreach program. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve 
their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Asia ns  150,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Regional Export 
Control Enforcement Introductory 
Workshop for Asia  Promotes border security and customs operations 
among Asian developing countries by hosting a regional workshop in Singapore on enforcing export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Asia ns  300,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Asian Regional 
Seminar on 
Government Outreach  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Asian countries to enforce 
export controls. This activity was a regional seminar 
held in Malaysia on government outreach. Thisactivity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Asia ns  300,000 
 
        TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Regional Country Activities in Asia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Asian countries to enforce export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Asia ns  400,000 
 
       
Border Security in 
Azerbaijan: Equipping 
Maritime Training 
Center  Promotes the ability of Azerbaijan to provide border 
security and customs operations by equipping its maritime training and by providing two small boats 
for operations. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national e xport control systems with
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Azerbaijan  530,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Patrol Boat Transit and Shipment for Azerbaijan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting Azerbaijan with patrol boat operation to 
secure its maritime borders. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Azerbaijan  125,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Product 
Identification Tool 
Development in Azerbaijan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Azerbaijan to develop 
product identification tools. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Azerbaijan  200,000 
 
        TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
End Use / End User Training I in Azerbaijan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Azerbaijan to implement end use / end user controls. In th is type of export control, 
the focus is on the end-use and end-user of the item, 
rather than the item itself. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy/NCI.  Azerbaijan  60,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Technical Experts Library for Azerbaijan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Azerbaijan with a technical experts library on control issues. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Azerbaijan  10,000 
 
       TN/TF/W/151 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training - 
Azerbaijan  Promotes 
border security and customs operations by 
providing Azerbaijan with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Azerbaijan  560,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Training, Demonstration, and 
Sample Kits for 
Azerbaijan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Azerbaijan to implement commodity identification programs. Funding under 
this particular activity was for demonstrations and 
sample kits. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Azerbaijan  15,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Integrity Awareness Training in Azerbaijan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Azerbaijan with integrity awareness training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Azerbaijan  150,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Licensing Procedures and 
Practices in Belarus  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Belarus to implement a licensing system for export controls. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Belarus  85,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
National Control List Workshop in Belarus  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Belarus to implement a national control list for export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier 
initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Belarus  80,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Export 
Enforcement 
Workshop in Belarus  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
funding a workshop to support the ability of Belarus 
to enforce export controls. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Belarus  85,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Access to Markets  This project aims to improve port performance and 
security, expand capacity, and reduce costs. It will reduce delays at the port and increase the volume of imports and exports. The Studies Activity ($8 
million) will include key feasibility studies, 
environmental assessments and revision of the master plan for the port. The Port Institutional and Systems Activity ($11.3 million) will fund computerization and streamlining of customs clearance procedures for merchandise. The Port Security and Landside 
Improvements Activity ($73.9 million) will address 
the safety and security aspects of the port for compliance with international safety requirements. The expansion and reconf iguration plan includes 
major improvements to the physical infrastructure. 
Waterside Improvements ($76 million) will support 
the construction of a new south wharf, a dry bulk conveyor system, environmental management improvements and an envi ronmentally appropriate 
solution to address sedimentation of the entrance of the port. Funded and implemented by Millennium 
Challenge Corporation.  Benin  3,380,000 
 
       
USAID Rural 
Competitiveness 
Activity  The Rural Competitiveness Activity is strengthening 
businesses in the Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba 
Tropics. Through business support services and technical assistance, the project has helped banana exporters from the Cochabamba Tropics access the European market with their product. Similar efforts to 
expand exports in the regiona l market with bananas, 
pineapples, and tropical flowers (among other products) are also underway. The project is actively engaging the finance sector to help identify new and more appropriate financial services that will help make businesses more competitive in regional and 
international markets. Access to international markets 
is also being facilitated by efforts making the customs clearance process more efficient. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  77,594 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance 
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement including customs post importation, audit, valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial 
operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru 
and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Bolivia  10,800 
 
       
Border Security: 
Basic Inspection Equipment Training - BiH  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) to utilize inspection equipment for export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  60,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
WMD Controlled Delivery Training Course - BiH  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) to implement a weapons of mass destruction (WMD) controlled delivery system. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  80,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Undercover Operations Training - BiH  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) to conduct undercove r operations in export 
control to interdict weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  80,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Industry Compliance Program - BiH  This activity funded three deployments of the 
industry compliance program training. It promotes 
border security and customs operations by supporting 
the ability of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) to 
implement an industry compliance program for export 
controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  150,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Licensing Special Topics - BiH  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) to implement a licensing system for export controls. This activity funded training on munitions 
brokering. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  95,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training - BiH  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  374,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Equipment for 
Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) with 
coveralls for border personnel.  This activity is part of 
the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  56,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Caribbean Open 
Trade Support Program (COTS)  COTS facilitates the transition of Eastern Caribbean 
countries from traditional, preferences-
based trading 
regimes to open trade, and to enable them to compete more successfully and sustainably in the global 
economy. The program also supports efforts to adopt 
and participate in the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME), thereby collectively strengthening the regional framework for global competition. COTS, operating primarily within the countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), 
has five themes: private sector development, 
governance, public-private interface, public awareness, and resilience to natural disasters. Technical assistance is targeted at improving the business environment through the updating of 
business legislation and administrative reform. 
Assistance is also given to the private business community to improve external market linkages. Small grants are used to dissemination public information on trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Caribbean ns  195,649 
 
       
Successful 
Implementation of 
CAFTA-DR Treaty 
Requirements by Governments  The U.S. Agency for International Development 
Regional Mission will provi de technical assistance 
and training to countries in the region to meet 
obligations from the Central American and Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) Chapter Four - Rules of Origin (ROO), Chapter Five - Customs reform, and Chapter 19 -
Trade Capacity Building. Specifically, this means that 
CAFTA-DR countries are successfully implementing the requirements specified in Chapters 4 and 5 by the deadlines established in the treaty and that CAFTA-DR countries are provided regionally oriented technical assistance coordinated through the Trade 
Capacity Building Committee process. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/E CAM.  Central 
America ns  1,800,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Customs 
Coordination and Trade Facilitation Workshop - 
Customs V  Customs officials from Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia and 
Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Moldova, Romania, Serbian and Montenegro, and UNMIK/Kosovo (as observers) attended the fifth in a 
series of Commercial Law Development Program 
(CLDP) customs workshops designed to achieve enhanced communication, cooperation, and coordination amongst the customs agencies of the region. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Commerce/CLDP.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  171,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Regional Seminar 
on Strategic 
Criminal Prosecutions  A regional seminar held in Ljubijana on the subject of 
strategic criminal prosecutions. This activity is part of 
the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  44,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection and 
Detection Equipment in CEE Region  On three occasions (for amounts of $110,000, 
$11,000, and $90,000), provision of inspection and 
detection equipment to bolster border security in Central and Eastern Europe. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve 
their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  211,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Training for Inspection/Detection in CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing training on inspection and detection equipment in the Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) region. This activity is part of the Export Control and 
Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, 
the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  39,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Undercover 
Investigations for 
Nonproliferation Training  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Malaysia to enforce 
nonproliferation rules related to weapons of mass 
destruction (WMD) and to conduct related undercover investigations. This  activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve 
their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  80,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Nonproliferation Training in CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of governments in the Central and Eastern Europe region to enforce nonproliferation regulations, particularly related to the controlled 
delivery of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). 
This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  80,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Dual Channel Monitor Upgrades in the CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing upgrades to the Freeport, A/P, and Lab Wharf Portal Monitor Dual-Channel in the Central and Eastern European region. This activity is part of 
the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  300,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection and Detection Equipment - CEE 
Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing inspection detection equipment to and, supporting the ability of, countries in the Central andEastern European (CEE) region to enforce export 
controls. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  6,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Controlled Delivery 
Training for CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of countries in the Central and 
Eastern European region to enforce export controls. This activity is a training on how to administer a weapons of mass destruction (WMD) controlled delivery system. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  100,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Advanced Port Security Training for CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of countries in the Central and Eastern European region to enforce export controls. This activity is a training on how to administer an 
advanced port security system to counter 
vulnerability. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  50,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Maritime Training 
in CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of countries in the Central and 
Eastern European region to enforce export controls. 
This activity is a training on how to respond to a weapons of mass destruction (WMD) maritime incident. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  50,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Assessment for Central and Eastern Europe Region  An assessment of border control and security 
procedures in Serbia, Montenegro, and Bosnia was conducted. Findings from the assessment will help the region increase border control and operate customs 
departments more effectively. This activity is part of 
the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Portal Monitor Dual Channel Upgrades in CEE Region  This activity assists countries in the Central and 
Eastern Europe (CEE) region to increase border security and operate their customs more effectively. Funding under this activity assisted Bulgaria and Turkey in dual channel upgrades of the Kapitan 
Andreevo Portal Monitor. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  150,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Interdiction of Materials and Radiation Academy 
- CEE  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries to manage an interdiction system through the Interdiction of Materials and 
Radiation Academy, or Interdict/RADACAD. The 
comprehensive course provides training to detect, identify, interdict and investigate the illicit movement of materials, commodities and components associated with the development or deployment of weapons of mass destruction. In this particular activity, Romania 
and Bulgaria benefited from a training plus-up. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. 
Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  124,000 
 
       
Regional Export 
Control - Best 
Practices for CEE 
Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Central and Eastern 
European (CEE) countries to enforce export controls. 
This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  61,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Regional Investigative Equipment in CEE 
Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries to enforce export controls. This particular activity supported regional 
investigative equipment fo r Hungary and Serbia at 
Vinca. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented byDepartment of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  85,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Nonproliferation Workshop for CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Central and Eastern European (CEE)countries to comply with United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1540 with respect to nonproliferation export controls. This 
activity funded a workshop on the resolution with 
representatives from Kosovo and the CEE region. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. 
The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  65,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Nonproliferation Financing Training Module - CEE  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries to enforce nonproliferation regulations. This activity funded a training module 
weapons of mass destruction (WMD) financing. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The program also organizes a number of regional fora 
to bring national policymakers and technical experts 
together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  50,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Export Controls and U.N. Resolutions - CEE Region  Promotes border security and customs operations in 
the Central and Eastern European region by funding a conference on the enforcement of United Nations (UN) Resolution 1540 regarding the interdiction of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  20,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Regional 
Competitiveness Initiative  This activity advances new competitiveness 
initiatives--such as regional sector clusters, corridor clusters, and market chains--that unite the bilateral efforts of USAID missions in the Europe and Eurasia 
Region. The missions and public and private sector 
participants form communities of practice to advance these regional initiatives. Through these communities they will achieve more effective implementation of their programs, which in turn will augment trade and productive employment in host countries. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/E and E.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  150,000 
 
       
Chilean Customs 
Advance Rulings 
and Customs Valuation  This technical assistance grant will help Chilean 
Customs meet their obligations under the U.S.-Chile 
Free Trade Agreement (U.S.-Chile FTA), specifically Article 5.10(1)(b) on advance rulings and the application of customs valuation criteria. The technical assistance will develop a draft regulation on advance rulings, establish new procedures, develop 
and deliver training for Chilean Customs officers, and 
provide tools, such as training manuals, to assist Chilean Customs with implementation. The program will also help design advance rulings and valuation databases, which Chilean Customs can use to 
facilitate the processing of advance rulings and the 
application of customs valuation. Funded and 
implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Chile  198,205 
 
       
Canine Training - 
Chile  This activity supports c onsultation with Chile on 
canine training. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture.  Chile  11,808 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment 
Training - Chile  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Chile with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Chile  133,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection / 
Detection 
Equipment and Training for Chile  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Chile to utilize inspection 
and detection equipment for export controls. Funding 
provided thirty radiation pagers, two resonance ionization imaging detection units (RIIDS), two geiger counters, fifty tool kits, and two busters (density meters used to inspect sealed spaces). This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Chile  87,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Trade / Investment 
Policy and Institutional Reform (MIDAS) in 
Colombia  The role of the Más Inversión para el Desarrollo 
Alternativo Sostenible (MIDAS) Policy Component (MPC) will be to promote critical economic policy/institutional reforms which enhance the 
sustainability and expansion of progress made under 
Plan Colombia by helping place the Colombian economy on a strong medium term income and employment growth trajectory. This will in turn entail enhancing the competitive position of the Colombian economy and working to improve the policy 
environment across all sectors in Colombia and in 
conjunction with the other main components of MIDAS. Areas of focus: (1) sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards, (2) technical norms (TBT), (3) customs reform, (4) labor market 
intermediation reform, (5) fiscal reform, (6) financial 
and securities market reform, (7) agriculture and forestry policy, (8) land market access reform and, (9) competitiveness regulatory reform. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  267,407 
 
       
Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance 
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement including customs post importation, audit, 
valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial 
operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Colombia  8,100 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Enforcement and Nonproliferation Equipment for 
Croatia  The U.S. Government provides enforcement 
equipment to the Government of Croatia for border security, as well as related nonproliferation equipment to the local police academy. This activity 
is part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Croatia  695,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Expert Level Field 
Assessment for Croatia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing an expert field assessment and by 
supporting the ability of Croatia to enforce export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Croatia  50,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection Equipment Training for 
Croatia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Croatia to enforce export controls by utilizing inspection equipment. This particular activity emphasized training to operate an 
x-ray van. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Croatia  60,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
International Seaport Interdiction 
Training for 
Croatia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Croatia to enforce export controls. This activity is training for international 
seaport interdiction. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Croatia  130,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
WMD Controlled Delivery Course for Croatia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Croatia to enforce export controls. This activity is training for weapons of mass destruction (WMD) delivery control. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Croatia  80,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Internal Compliance 
Program 
Deployment for Croatia  Promotes border security and customs operations by
supporting the ability of Croatia to enforce export controls. This activity is support for the deployment 
of an internal compliance program. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Croatia  55,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Compliance Program Customization for 
Croatia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Croatia to enforce export controls. This activity is support for the customization of the industry compliance program. This workshop, 
known as the IG 3.2.1 Industry Internal Control 
Program Workshop, addresses Internal Control Program (ICP) understanding and incorporation in a government export control system. It considers methods and mechanisms to encourage adoption of ICPs at the industry level. The first line of defense 
against unauthorized exports is at the company level. 
This workshop will provide the necessary materials and information that foreign governments can provide their industry with to develop an effective internal control program on exports and therefore be in 
voluntary compliance with the export control policies 
of each individual country. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Commerce.  Croatia  150,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Licensing and 
Munitions 
Brokering for Croatia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Croatia to enforce export 
controls. This activity is a training on how to deal 
with munitions brokering while administering a licensing system. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Croatia  80,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Dual Channel Upgrades for Cyprus  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Cyprus to enforce export controls. This activity is an upgrade on Limassol/Larnaka portal monitor dual channel. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Energy.  Cyprus  150,000 
 
       
East and Central 
Africa Trade Hub (ECA Trade Hub)  In October 2001, President Bush announced the Trade 
for African Development and Enterprise (TRADE) Initiative to assist African businesses to take better advantage of AGOA. In order to foster and advocate 
public/private dialogue un der the TRADE Initiative, 
to assist with needed policy and regulatory changes, and to facilitate transactions, USAID created three regionally-
based global trade competitiveness hubs. 
The purpose of this activity is to reinforce regional 
efforts to enhance the tr ade competitiveness of East 
and Central Africa and thereby take greater advantage of the increased trading opportunities provided by the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and other global trade initiatives. The East and Central 
Africa region (ECA) has the potential to enhance its 
economic growth prospects and therefore improve the 
lives of the majority of its people through increased trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/REDSO.  Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  932,100 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Common Market 
for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)  The Strategic Objective Grant Agreement (SOAG) 
between the Common Market for Eastern and 
Southern Africa (COMESA) and USAID/East Africa is helping the region achieve regional food security 
by focusing on improving management capacity of 
selected regional organizations, increasing regional trade, disseminating improved technologies and best practices, increasing networking, and harmonizating regional policies on trade, telecommunications, agriculture, gender, and environment. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/REDSO.  Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  278,750 
 
       
Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance 
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO)
agreement including customs post importation, audit, valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Ecuador  8,100 
 
       
Border Security: 
International 
Interdiction 
Training in Egypt  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Egypt to administer an 
international border interdiction program. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Egypt  80,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Risk Management Training for Egypt  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Egypt to administer targeted export controls and manage risks. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Egypt  90,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Dual Use Control 
Workshop for 
Egypt  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting a workshop to boost the ability of Egypt to 
administer a national dual use control list. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Commerce.  Egypt  80,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Interagency Assessment for Egypt  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Egypt to enforce export controls by using an interagency assessment. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Egypt  60,000 
 
       
Single Window 
Electronic Customs 
Portal  The technical assistance provided in this activity for 
the Dirección General de  la Renta de Aduanas 
(DGA), the customs agency of El Salvador, for an 
Electronic Import/Export Trade Facilitation Window (Proyecto Ventanílla Única de Comercio Exterior, or VUCEX) will electronically integrate all government offices that participate in the import/export process. It 
will allow the user to conduct trade through a single 
web-based information portal that is cost-effective, time-efficient, and secure. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  El Salvador  252,822 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training - FSU 
Region  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing the countries of the Former Soviet Union region with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Former Soviet 
Republics ns  50,000 
 
       
Support Added 
Value Enterprises 
in Agriculture 
(AgVANTAGE)  The AgVANTAGE program supports expanded 
production and export sales of value-added 
agricultural products and provides advisory support to 
the Ministry of Agriculture. The project provides technical assistance (TA) to agricultural producers to: support marketing plans/strategies for Georgian enterprises, link Georgian suppliers with potential 
buyers, establish market information systems to 
provide timely price information and a web- based 
platform for offers and bids, and introduce improved 
packaging practices. AgVANTAGE also provides TA and training support for customs officials related to 
the new Law on Food Safety and Quality. TA is 
provided to Georgian enterprises in business planning, feasibility analysis  and financial modeling. 
AgVANTAGE advisors also supported the drafting of the recently adopted Law on Food Safety and Quality which establishes a legal framework consistent with 
WTO requirements. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Georgia.  Georgia  43,400 
 
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Funding
USAIDs SME 
Support Project  The Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise (SME) 
Support project provides assistance for customs operations and administration, business services and training, environmental trade and standards, financial 
sector development, good governance, and WTO 
awareness. Many successes have been realized. For example, the business services and training component has helped set up a network of business support organizations throu ghout Georgia by utilizing 
existing associations to provide consultations on 
regulatory and legislative issues, management 
practices, planning and borrowing, information services, investment and trade promotion services, agribusiness support and other development assistance. The project also provided technical 
assistance to the Association of Georgian 
Microfinance Organizations (AGMO) in developing a framework Law of Microfinance. The draft law will create a legislative framework to legalize and support development of the microfinance industry in Georgia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Georgia.  Georgia  37,564 
 
       
Business Climate 
Reform Project  The Business Climate Reform project provides 
assistance for customs operations and administration, 
information technologies (IT), human resources and 
labor standards, financia l sector development, good 
governance, and WTO awareness. Among many other activities, technical assistance (TA) is being provided for customs operations and administration in 
implementing more modern, functional organizational 
structures, streamlining trade across borders, and implementing risk assessment systems. In addition, the project is contributing legal services to assist in the privatization of state-owned energy distribution and generation assets. Other ministries are receiving 
TA and procurement support to improve IT 
infrastructure and capacities. TA is also helping to streamline import permits for agricultural products, construction permits and medical licensing, resulting in the development of regulations that have cut 30-60 
days from construction permitting process. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Georgia.  Georgia  426,307 
 
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Funding
Private Sector 
Competitiveness  The Private Sector Competitiveness program focuses 
on improving a broad array of macroeconomic, trade and factor market policies, as well as regulatory frameworks to increase the competitiveness of the 
Ghanaian private sector. Consisting of two main 
components, (A) strengthening the policy and regulatory enabling environment of Ghana, and (B) an export business development component, the program has led to several achievements. One success includes the provision of technical and financial 
assistance from the USAID Trade and Investment 
Program for a Competitive Export Economy (TIPCEE) to a local pineapple concentrate provider. With the assistance of the program, the firm will provide over 500 metric tons of pineapple concentrate 
in 2007 to a major drinks producer in Nigeria. The 
program has also assisted local farmers to meet international quality sta ndards: several papaya 
farmers were--for the first time--able to export over 12 metric tons of fruit to Europe. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ghana.  Ghana  409,135 
 
       
Seldon Project for 
Global Commercial 
Law  The Seldon project provides technical assistance 
services on commercial law matters. It is producing a 
commercial law handbook for use by the field. It is 
also conducting a regional series of diagnostic analyses this year of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries on behalf of 
USAID/Regional Development Mission Asia-
Bangkok (USAID/RDMA- Bangkok). Funded and 
implemented by USAID/EGAT/EG.  Global ns  17,500 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Regional Outreach 
Activities (Central Asia)  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Ce ntral Asian countries to 
enforce export controls and to conduct outreach programs. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Global ns  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Support for Tracker 
- Automated 
Licensing System  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of countries globally to utilize 
Tracker, an automated licensing system. This activity 
is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Global ns  4,422,000 
 
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Funding
Trade and 
Investment Expert Services Assistance in Guatemala  This activity supports the Government of Guatemala 
strategy for Social and Economic Development (Vamos Guatemala) by promoting laws, policies, and regulations that are pro-trade and investment. 
Demand-driven assistance is focused on policies 
(including free trade agreement related policies), rural competitiveness, and key industry clusters (forestry, agro-industrial, and tourism/handicrafts). Expert services are provided in the areas of product norms and standards, technical barriers to trade, the 
Environmental Cooperation Agreement (ECA) of the 
Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR), the enabling framework for a business sector, commercial law, customs administration, simplification of import processing 
procedures, sanitary and phyto-sanitary procedures, 
rural development, land te nure, land conflict, and 
industry cluster competitiveness. Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  69,000 
 
       
Strengthening 
Environment for Sustained Growth of Exports in 
Guyana  The activity strengthens the environment for the 
sustained growth of valu e-added and non-traditional 
exports by: (1) building the capacity of trade policy institutions, and (2) enhancing the competitiveness of 
enterprises in the agro-pro cessing, fisheries, tourism 
and wood products sectors/clusters. To date, the activity has: (1) completed a National Investment Guide which the government is using to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), (2) provided training 
for and established testing facilities for meat products 
and peanuts, paving the way for potential exports of these products for the first time, (3) helped the conclusion of several new multi-million dollar contracts involving local sawmills and international 
buyers as a result of participation in the International 
Wood Products Association (IWPA) Fair, and (4) 
mounted a national Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) Community Awareness Program (CSME). Funded and implemented by USAID/Guyana.  Guyana  19,800 
 
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Funding
Trade, Investment, 
and Competitiveness (TIC) Policy 
Support  Program technical approach includes three 
components: (1) the creation of a Policy Analyses and Recommendations (PAR) Unit which will focus its research and analysis in trade, investment, and 
competitiveness issues to fo rmulate policies for the 
Government (2) full time advisors supported by the PAR unit to the Economic Cabinet and, (3) training and technical assistance to other government institutions, the private sector, and civil society to enhance their capacity to take full advantage of the 
opportunities offered by FTAs, and to comply with 
regulations stipulated under CAFTA. Program helps train customs officials in compliance related to CAFTA and the area of sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) standards. Among the main accomplishments 
to date are five study reports on key issues. Two of 
these have been used by the new government in shaping energy generation policies and in new statutes for hiring health service and educational professionals. Funded and implemented by USAID/Honduras.  Honduras  50,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Advanced 
Investigations and 
Industry Outreach in Hungary  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Hungary to conduct 
advanced investigations and industry outreach. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Hungary  80,000 
 
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Funding
Border Security: 
Air Cargo Interdiction Training for India  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of India to enforce export controls and operate an international air cargo 
interdiction system. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  India  55,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Strategic 
Commodity Control Workshop in India  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
hosting a workshop in India on strategic commodity 
controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  India  30,000 
 
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Funding
Border Security: 
Nuclear Export Control Workshop for India  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of India to enforce export controls. This particular activity funded a nuclear export control workshop in support of civil nuclear 
dialogue. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  India  70,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
End Use/User Training (Control Gap Analysis) in India  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Indi a to conduct control gap 
analysis within an end use / end user framework. In this type of export control, the focus is on the end-use and end-user of the item, rather than the item itself. 
This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  India  20,000 
 
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Funding
Border Security: 
Seaport Interdiction Training for Indonesia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Indonesia to implement an international seaport interdiction system. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier 
initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Indonesia  145,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Maritime 
Equipment and Training for Indonesia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Indonesia to utilize maritime 
inspection and detection equipment. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other 
countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Indonesia  125,000 
 
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Funding
Border Security: 
Legal and Regulatory Workshop for 
Indonesia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
organizing a workshop to support the ability of Indonesia to implement effec tive laws and regulations 
for export controls. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Indonesia  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Dual Use Control 
List Workshop in Indonesia  Supports the ability of Indonesia to provide border 
security and operate its customs effectively by 
organizing a workshop on dual use control lists. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Indonesia  80,000 
 
       
Intellectual 
Property Rights Training  This training included an overview of basic 
intellectual property rights (IPR) principles, how to identify counterfeit goods, and an introduction to 
procedures in IPR enforcement. Funded by 
Department of Commerce/ PTO and implemented by 
Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Indonesia  1,400 
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Funding
       
Customs Reform for 
Trade 
Improvements - Iraq  The activity assists the government of Iraq in 
developing customs reforms that are necessary in 
rebuilding the economic infrastructure in Iraq. A modern customs service, also capable of meeting the international standards of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and World Customs Organization (WCO), is essential to sustained 
revenue collection of Iraq and international trade 
management. Funded and implemented by USAID/Iraq.  Iraq  1,453,334 
 
       
Business 
Environment Improved in Jamaica  One principal aim of the business environment 
activity is the creation of opportunities for small- and medium-sized firms in the tourism, agribusiness and entertainment and culture clusters, with further emphases on the underserved sub-sectors. Technical 
assistance focuses on investing in human capital with 
targeted training interventions  that are driven by the 
needs of the clusters and the community, so as to develop skill sets that are immediately marketable. This activity will also create a more enabling business 
environment through targeted private sector driven 
interventions in the regula tory processes that affect 
businesses, for example through the preparation of a 
Developers Manual, and through a series of 
workshops that will help small, medium and micro enterprises access financing. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  10,000 
 
       
Achievement of 
Market Friendly 
Initiatives and Results - Jordan  Achievement of Market Friendly Initiatives and 
Results (AMIR 2.0) is a broad technical assistance 
program designed to assist Jordan to improve its economic environment. AMIR helped to liberalize the 
telecommunications and information technology (IT) sectors, as well as expand capital markets in Jordan. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  1,158,785 
 
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Funding
Aqaba Zone 
Economic Mobilization  This activity supports the Aqaba special economic 
zone in its mission to e xpand economic development 
in southern Jordan. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  300,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection 
Equipment and 
Training - Jordan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Jordan with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Jordan  1,115,000 
 
       
Jordan Threshold 
Program: 
Implement an Integrated Customs Modernization Program  This project with the government of Jordan will 
improve the efficiency of the customs administration 
and modernize customs clearance procedures. It will also implement a "single window" facility to significantly speed flows of imports, exports, and transit goods, while at the same time ensuring 
security at the borders. Funded by Millennium 
Challenge Corporation and implemented by USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  8,500,000 
 
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Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection/Detection Equipment Training - Land 
Borders  Training on inspection and detection equipment in 
Kazakhstan. Emphasis on the land borders with other countries, or what is called the green border. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Kazakhstan  350,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection/Detection 
Equipment 
Training in Kazakhstan  Training on inspection and detection equipment for 
border security in Kazakhstan. This activity is part of 
the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Kazakhstan  300,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Maritime Border 
Security: Inspection/Detection Equipment and 
Training  Promotes maritime border security and customs 
operations by providing in spections and detection 
equipment and training to Kazakhstan. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier 
initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Kazakhstan  200,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Internal 
Compliance Program in Kazakhstan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Kazakhstan to enforce an 
internal compliance program. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve 
their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Kazakhstan  200,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Trade Facilitation 
and Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots participation in 
Kyrgyzstan of business, legal, and professional associations and other groups in efforts to reform legislation, administrative procedures, and practices 
that constrain the growth of  small- and medium-sized 
enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds demand for reforms to conform to internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies to implement market-oriented changes in regulations 
and laws, (2) educates government officials and 
entrepreneurs on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) compliance issues, and (4) supports trade facilitation 
activities, including activities aimed at resolving 
transit and transportation-related issues and improving customs systems in Central Asia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kazakhstan  395,095 
 
       
Border Security: 
Nonproliferation Control Lists 
Training in Kenya  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
the provision of training and materials to enforce the National Control List under the Nonproliferation 
Treaty (NPT) Trigger List, as well as the Chemical 
Weapons Convention (CWC) Janes Munition. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Kenya  92,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Private Sector 
Growth  The accelerated growth program for the private sector 
focuses Mission resources on improving enterprise capacity and business operati ng conditions as avenues 
to employment generation and economic efficiency 
and growth. USAID assistance focuses on creating 
the competitiveness of targeted clusters and enterprises, creating efficien cies in the market chain, 
and improving product quality while containing costs. A second focus is improvement of business operating conditions by encouraging th e private sector to work 
with government authorities to create a favorable 
business environment in Kosovo. Support is provided 
to municipalities to implement local economic development plans. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kosovo.  Kosovo  3,400 
 
       
Border Security: 
Radio Refurbishment 
Project in 
Kyrgyzstan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing updated radio operations equipment in Kyrgyzstan. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and 
best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Kyrgyzstan  158,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Vehicular Crossing Upgrade in Kyrgyzstan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the upgrade of vehicular crossing points in Kyrgyzstan. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Kyrgyzstan  652,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation 
and Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots participation in 
Kyrgyzstan of business, legal, and professional associations and other groups in efforts to reform 
legislation, administrative procedures, and practices 
that constrain the growth of small and medium-sized 
enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds demand for reforms to conform to internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The 
activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies 
to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates government officials and entrepreneurs on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in 
dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) 
compliance issues, and (4) supports trade facilitation activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related issues and improving customs systems in the Central Asia. Funded and implemented by  USAID/Central Asian 
Republics.  Kyrgyzstan  77,424 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Nonproliferation Compliance Workshop - Latin 
America  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Latin American countries to comply with United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1540 with respect to 
nonproliferation export controls. This activity funded 
a workshop on the resolution with representatives from Belize, Chile, Nicaragua, and Mexico. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. 
The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Latin America 
and Caribbean ns  250,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
WMD Incident Response Training - 
Latin America  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Latin American countries respond to weapons of mass destruction (WMD) 
incidents and enforce export controls. This activity 
provided training in the Panama Canal Zone and utilized the expertise of the U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Latin America 
and Caribbean ns  170,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Parliamentary Exchange with Latin America  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
hosting a parliamentary exchange with Latin American countries on key issues. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Latin America 
and Caribbean ns  30,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection/Detection Equipment in 
Lithuania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing inspection and detection equipment to Lithuania on two occasions, for $512,000 and 
$26,000. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Lithuania  538,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Interdiction Training for Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing interdiction training to Macedonia. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Macedonia  60,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Targeting and Risk 
Management 
Training in Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing training on targeting and risk management 
to Macedonia. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Macedonia  45,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Enforcement Equipment Training in 
Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing training in enforcement equipment to Macedonia. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Macedonia  25,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Comprehensive 
Communications 
Assessment in Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting a comprehensive communications 
assessment in Macedonia. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Macedonia  10,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Advanced Investigation for Nonproliferation in 
Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Macedonia to conduct advanced investigation of nonproliferation incidents. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Macedonia  80,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Industry Outreach 
Informational Website in Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting an informational website for industry 
outreach in Macedonia. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative bythe U.S. Government to help other countries improve 
their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Macedonia  50,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Government - Industry Relations Forum in 
Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations for 
Macedonia by supporting a government and industry relations forum. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Macedonia  115,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Commodity 
Identification 
Training in Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Macedonia to carry out a 
commodity identification program. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Macedonia  80,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection and Detection Equipment 
Training for 
Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations in 
Macedonia by supporting training in inspection and detection equipment. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Macedonia  120,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Outfit of Radiation Safety Directorate - 
Macedonia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Macedonia to enforce export controls and maintain radiation safety. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Macedonia  94,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Customs Modernization in Macedonia  Promotes customs modernization in Macedonia by 
supporting the ability to enforce export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Macedonia  21,000 
 
       
Business 
Environment Activity  Based on the conclusions from an Enabling 
Environment Assessment, the Business Environment Activity is designed for five priority activities: 
technical assistance supporting public-private 
dialogue and facilitating trade in goods and services, legal and regulatory framework improvements, public capital investment and decentralization, restructuring of the labor market, and capacity building and cross-
cutting interventions. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  232,694 
 
       
Border Security: 
International Seaport Interdiction Training for Malaysia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting training for Malaysia in international seaport interdiction. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Malaysia  120,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Funding
 
       
Border Security: 
Nonproliferation Export Control in 
Malaysia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Malaysia to investigate incidents of nonproliferation export control. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Malaysia  100,000
 
       
Border Security: 
Advanced Regulatory Workshop in Malaysia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Malaysia to enforce regulations. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Malaysia  100,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Licensing Workshop in Malaysia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
improving the ability of Malaysia to operate a licensing system. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Malaysia  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
National Control 
List Workshop in 
Mexico  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
improving the ability of Mexico to implement a 
national control list. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Mexico  52,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Interdiction of Materials and Radiation Academy 
in Mexico  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Mexico to manage an interdiction system through the Interdiction of Materials and Radiation Academy, or 
Interdict/RADACAD. The comprehensive course 
provides training to detect, identify, interdict and investigate the illicit movement of materials, commodities and components associated with the development or deploymen t of weapons of mass 
destruction. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Mexico  250,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Enforcement Equipment for Mexico  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing enforcement equipment to Mexico. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Mexico  278,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Targeting and Risk Management Training for Mexico  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Mexico to target controls and manage risk. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Mexico  45,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Export Control Enforcement 
Introductory 
Workshop for the Maghreb  An export control enforcement introductory 
workshop for the Maghreb. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Middle East 
and North Africa ns  300,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection and Detection Equipment - 
Moldova  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
donating equipment to support the ability of Moldova operate inspection and det ection equipment. This 
activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Moldova  320 
 
       
Market Access  USAID provides direct technical assistance to the 
Ministry of Industry and Trade (one long-term 
adviser supported by short-term technical assistance) 
as well as various trade-re lated supports to other 
Ministries (e.g. Customs) as necessary. USAID/Mozambique, as the lead donor for the Integrated Framework (IF) in Mozambique, 
successfully supported the application of 
Mozambique to the IF and continues to provide assistance in implementing the IF, including establishing an inter-Ministerial coordination mechanism. USAID assistance is expected to lead to 
the integration of a Trade Action Plan into the overall 
development and poverty reduction strategy of 
Mozambique. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mozambique.  Mozambique  142,000 
 
       
Port Development 
and Expansion  This grant provides technical assistance focused on 
information technology, security, and petroleum receiving for the ports of Walvis Bay and Luderitz in Namibia. The grantee is undertaking a significant 
modernization program in order to meet projected 
increases in traffic into and out of Namibian ports. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Namibia  200,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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Funding
 
       
Legal and 
Institutional Reform in Support 
of Nicaraguan 
Competitiveness  The proposed activity will improve the institutional 
capacity of the Government of Nicaragua to draft legislation and regulations harmonizing its trade and 
investment regime with the agreement or international 
best practices that were not  covered specifically under 
the treaty (i.e., commercial law on business registration, secured transactions, and bankruptcy). The expertise and technical  assistance it will provide 
will improve the ability to formulate and execute 
policies that will empower the Nicaraguan private 
sector to respond to its new opportunities and challenges under CAFTA-DR, as well other existing and potential new free trade agreements (FTAs), such as with Chile, the EU, and Colombia. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Nicaragua.  Nicaragua  350,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Licensing 
Regulations Drafting Workshop in Oman  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Oman to issue and regulate 
export licenses. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Oman  80,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment - Oman  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Oman with patrol vehicles and inspection / detection equipment. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Oman  220,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
International Border Interdiction 
Training for 
Pakistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Pakistan to manage a border interdiction system. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Pakistan  180,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
International Seaport Interdiction Training for 
Pakistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Pakistan to manage a seaport interdiction system. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Pakistan  150,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Product 
Identification Tool 
Deployment in Pakistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Pakistan to deploy a product 
identification tool. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Pakistan  250,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Nuclear Commodity Classification Training in 
Pakistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Pakistan to manage a nuclear commodity classification system. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Pakistan  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
End Use/User 
Training (Control 
Gap Analysis) in Pakistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Pakistan to conduct control 
gap analysis within an e nd use / end user framework. 
In this type of export control, the focus is on the end-use and end-user of the item, rather than the item itself. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, 
the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Pakistan  20,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Parliamentary Exchange with Panama  Promotes border security and customs operations by
hosting a parliamentary exchange with Panama on key issues. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a num
ber of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Panama  50,000 
 
       
Paraguay Threshold 
Program: Strengthening 
Border and 
Customs Controls Activity  This Activity has two main objectives: improve land 
and river border patrolling by creating a special rapid deployment unit; and monitor goods being 
transported within the national borders, through a 
system of surveillance, control, and repression that will deter the smuggling of contraband. Funded by Millennium Challenge Cor poration and implemented 
by USAID/Paraguay.  Paraguay  2,861,200 
 
       
Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) 
agreement including customs post importation audit, 
valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Peru  10,800 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Andean 
Community, WTO Valuation Training, study tour  World Trade Organization Valuation Training, Phase 
3, a study tour to the United States, was conducted in November 2005 for participants from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. The topics during the 
training included the origin determination process, 
which detailed tariff shift rules, regional value content, advance rulings, record keeping and verification. The Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) government/trade partnership program was also presented to participants. A 
Baltimore port, seaport, airport and warehouse tour 
were included. Funded by USAID/Peru and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Peru  13,200 
 
       
Border Security: 
International Seaport Interdiction Training - 
Philippines  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of the Philippines to manage a seaport interdiction system. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Philippines  150,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection/Detection Equipment and Training - 
Philippines  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
boosting the inspection and detection equipment 
capacity of the Philippines. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Philippines  150,000
 
       
Border Security: 
Ship Boarding and 
Inspection Training 
- Philippines  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
boosting the capacity of the Philippines to board ships 
and conduct out-of-port inspections. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Philippines  75,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
National Dual Use Control List Workshop - 
Philippines  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the Philippines with training on applying dual use controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Philippines  100,000 
 
       
Economic 
Modernization 
through Efficient 
Reforms and Governance Enhancement  The Economic Modernization through Efficient 
Reforms and Governance Enhancement (EMERGE) 
program focuses on policy reforms related to trade, 
investment, and fiscal reforms that are essential for accelerated and sustainable growth. The main themes of the project are improving competitiveness, expanding trade and investments by enhancing trade 
liberalization and facilitation, as well as reducing 
policy-induced restrictions and transactions cost of investments. Funded and implemented by USAID/Philippines.  Philippines  210,000 
 
       
Philippines 
Threshold Program: Support the Ministry of 
Finance, Bureau of 
Customs  The project includes several activities for trade-
capacity building: train RATS (Run After The Smugglers) staff in profiling, case evaluation and litigation, improve information management 
including document security; develop database for 
use by RATS; strengthen the Customs Accreditation Secretariat (CAS); harmonize and uniform customs law, rules and regulations; establish an Integrity Action Plan; and establish an  Internal Control Unit. 
Funded by Millennium Challenge Corporation and 
implemented by USAID/Philippines.  Philippines  3,140,000 
 
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Funding
Border Security: 
Product Identification Tool in Russia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Russia to implement product identification tools. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Russia  150,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Export Control 
Enforcement 
Introductory Workshop - Russia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Russia to enforce export 
controls. This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Russia  100,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Administrative Enforcement Workshops in 
Russia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
hosting workshops on administrative enforcement of export controls by Russia. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Russia  300,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Internal 
Compliance 
Program Deployments in Russia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Russia to deploy internal 
compliance programs. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Russia  150,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
End-Use/End-User Analysis - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) to implement end use / end user analysis in export controls. In this t ype of export control, the 
emphasis is on the end use of the item rather than the 
item itself. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  65,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
International 
Airport Cargo 
Interdiction Training - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro 
(FRY) to enforce export controls and to interdict 
airport cargo. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Serbia and 
Montenegro 
(FRY)  115,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection Equipment Training - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) to operate inspection equipment at its borders. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  60,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Undercover 
Investigations Training - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro 
(FRY) to conduct undercover i nvestigations related to 
export controls and weapons  of mass destruction 
(WMD). This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) 
program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Serbia and 
Montenegro 
(FRY)  80,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Training Course - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) to enforce export controls related to weapons of mass destruction (WMD) delivery. The activity 
included a training course. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  80,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Ship Inspection Training (Second Phase) - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) to enforce export controls by boarding and inspecting ships. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  50,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Ship Boarding and Inspection Training - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) to enforce export controls by boarding and inspecting ships. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  50,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Industry 
Compliance Program - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro 
(FRY) to implement an industry compliance program. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Serbia and 
Montenegro 
(FRY)  150,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Commodity Identification Training in FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) to conduct commodity identification programs. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  80,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Customs 
Modernization in 
Serbia and Montenegro (FRY)  Promotes customs modernization in Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY) by supporting the ability to
enforce export controls. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Serbia and 
Montenegro 
(FRY)  30,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Licensing Training - Montenegro  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing training to Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) in licensing procedures for export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  64,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Licensing Reference 
Library - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro 
(FRY) to enforce export controls related to weapons 
of mass destruction (WMD). In particular, activity funded provision of Janes Munitions Licensing Library for the Ministry of International Economic Relations (MIER). This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Serbia and 
Montenegro 
(FRY)  17,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Basic Munitions Licensing Training - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Serbia and Montenegro (FRY) to implement a munitions licensing program. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  95,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Enforcement 
Equipment - FRY  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing enforcement equipment to Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY) for export controls. This activity 
is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Serbia and 
Montenegro 
(FRY)  624,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Undercover Investigations Training in 
Slovakia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of the Slovak Republic to enforce export controls and to conduct undercover 
investigations related to weapons of mass destruction 
(WMD). This activity is part of the Export Control 
and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Slovak 
Republic  80,000 
 
       
Border Control: 
Delivery Training - Slovakia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing a training course to the Slovak Republic on how to enforce export controls and to control the delivery of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Slovak 
Republic  80,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection Detection Equipment for Slovakia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing inspection detection equipment to and, supporting the ability of, the Slovak Republic to enforce export controls. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Slovak 
Republic  6,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Commodity 
Identification Training in Slovakia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of the Slovak Republic to 
conduct commodity identification programs. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help 
other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Slovak 
Republic  100,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Second Phase Detection Equipment for 
Slovakia  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing additional inspection detection equipment to the Slovak Republic to enforce export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Slovak 
Republic  115,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Cargo Screening 
Supplemental 
Funding for Slovakia  Support for border security and customs operations. 
This activity is supplemental funding for the L3 
Autovan cargo screening x-ray system in the Slovak 
Republic. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Slovak 
Republic  25,000 
 
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Funding
Support for 
Economic Growth Analysis/Mandela Economics Scholars 
Program II  Support for Economic Growth Analysis/Mandela 
Economics Scholars Program (SEGA/MESP) II continues the work of SEGA-MESP I, which began in late-2004. The program provides several avenues to 
advance economic growth analysis. Activities include 
providing economic training for parliamentarians, supporting trade capacity development research at South African universities, facilitating trade and poverty studies and research, training labor union leaders, providing advisory services to the South 
African government, helping to strengthen lending to 
small enterprises, promoting research and advisory services assistance to the S outh African Tax Institute 
(SATI), and providing continued support for the Mandela Economic Scholars Program. The 
$2,532,707 funding amount does not include 
$364,942 of funds provided to the activity from DFID, a supporter of the program. Funded and implemented by USAID/South Africa.  South Africa  32,639 
 
       
Trade Facilitation 
and Capacity Building  This activity is in support of the implementation of 
the Presidential Trade Initiative for Southern Africa. The physical actions are the operation of the Trade Hub and provision of technical services in support of 
improving trade competitiveness and accessing 
African Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) opportunities. Under this activity, RCSA foster Trade negotiation capacity for regional economic communities such as Southern African Customs 
Union (SACU) and their respective members, provide 
policy assistance on improving business environments and implemen t regional transport and 
customs integration and investment. The activity has two focus areas: one is more engaged in transactions and work with firms, clusters and trade connections 
as well as improving the Trade ability of the private 
sector and the other is more engaged with the public sector and improving the doing business climate. Funded and implemented by USAID/RCSA.  Southern 
Africa ns  270,900 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Senior Policy Exchange with Sri Lanka  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
hosting a senior policy exchange with Sri Lanka on issues related to export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Sri Lanka  125,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Needs Assessment in Sri Lanka  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
funding a needs assessment for Sri Lanka with respect to export controls. This activity is part of the Export 
Control and Related Border Security Assistance 
(EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Sri Lanka  75,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Proliferation Awareness Training for Sri Lanka  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
funding a program of proliferation awareness for Sri Lanka with respect to export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier 
initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by 
Department of State.  Sri Lanka  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
International 
Border Interdiction 
Training I - Tajikistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Tajik istan to implement an 
international border interdiction system. This activity 
is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Tajikistan  150,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Product Identification Tool Development for 
Tajikistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Tajikistan to develop a product identification tool for export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Tajikistan  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Nuclear Licensing 
Analysis for 
Tajikistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Tajikistan to conduct nuclear 
licensing analysis for export controls. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The 
EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of 
regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Tajikistan  130,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training - 
Tajikistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Tajikistan with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Tajikistan  220,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation 
and Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots participation in 
Tajikistan of business, legal, and professional associations and other groups in efforts to reform 
legislation, administrative procedures, and practices 
that constrain the growth of  small- and medium-sized 
enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds demand for reforms to conform to internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The 
activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies 
to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates government officials and entrepreneurs on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in 
dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) 
compliance issues, and (4) supports trade facilitation activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related issues and improving customs systems in Central Asia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian 
Republics.  Tajikistan  29,625 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Export Control Compliance Workshop for 
Tanzania  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Tanzania to comply with United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1540 with respect to nonproliferation and 
export controls. This activity identifies a model law 
and methods to harmonize export control regimes. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. 
The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. Funded and implemented by Department of 
State.  Tanzania  200,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
End Use / End User 
Training in 
Thailand  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Th ailand to implement end 
use / end user controls. In th is type of export control, 
the focus is on the end-use and end-user of the item, rather than the item itself. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve 
their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Commerce.  Thailand  60,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection and Equipment 
Training - Thailand  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Thailand with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Thailand  100,000 
 
       
Intellectual 
Property Rights Training in 
Thailand  This training included an overview of basic 
intellectual property rights (IPR) principles, how to identify counterfeit goods, and an introduction to 
procedures in IPR enforcement. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Homeland Security/Customs.  Thailand  8,000 
 
       
Thailand Study 
Tour  The topics during the training included the origin 
determination process, which detailed tariff shift rules, regional value content, advance rulings, record keeping and verification. The Customs-Trade 
Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) program 
was also presented to participants. A Baltimore port, seaport, airport and warehouse tour were included. Funded by Trade and Development Agency and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Thailand  51,800 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training - Turkey  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Turkey with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Turkey  350,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Dual Use Control Technical 
Workshop - 
Turkmenistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Turkmenistan to apply a national dual use control list in its export controls. 
This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce.  Turkmenistan  100,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
WMD Commodity Identification Training Course- 
Turkmenistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Turkmenistan to conduct weapons of mass destruction(WMD) commodity identification programs. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Turkmenistan  100,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection / 
Detection Equipment / Training - Turkmenistan  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Turkmenistan to utilize 
inspection and detection equipment for export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. 
Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Turkmenistan  200,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
End Use / End User Training II in the Ukraine  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of the Ukraine to implement end use / end user controls. In this type of export control, the focus is on the end-use and end-user of 
the item, rather than the item itself. This activity is 
part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Ukraine  50,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Commodity Identification Training in the Ukraine  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of the Ukraine to conduct commodity identification programs. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier 
initiative by the U.S. Government to help other 
countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Ukraine  175,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Commodity Identification Training - Ukraine  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of the Ukraine to implement a commodity identification system for export controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related 
Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the 
premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Ukraine  50,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Training Activities 
in Commodity 
Identification - Ukraine  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
funding travel costs for training for the Ukraine to 
implement a commodity identification tool for export 
controls. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their 
export control systems. The EXBS program takes a 
regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded by Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Energy.  Ukraine  25,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training -Ukraine  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing the Ukraine with inspection and detection equipment and training. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by 
the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also 
organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Ukraine  1,300,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation 
and Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots participation in 
Uzbekistan of business, legal, and professional associations and other groups in efforts to reform 
legislation, administrative procedures, and practices 
that constrain the growth of  small- and medium-sized 
enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds demand for reforms to conform to internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The 
activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies 
to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates government officials and entrepreneurs on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in 
dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) 
compliance issues, and (4) supports trade facilitation activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related issues and improving customs systems in Central Asia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian 
Republics.  Uzbekistan  48,517 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
APEC 
Demonstration Project - eManifest Pilot Project  The technical assistance provided by this activity will 
help the General Department of Customs for Vietnam to improve the system of processing shipments, and trade and transportation security. This assistance will 
review the current customs environment in Vietnam 
with the aim of establishing an eManifest/pre-clearance system where shipments can be cleared in advance. Streamlining this process will provide benefits to shippers, custo mers, and the Government 
of Vietnam, and substantially promote the mandates 
for customs modernization set forth in the Asia-
Pacific Economic Coopera tion (APEC) Framework. 
Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Vietnam  601,893 
 
       
Border Security: 
Maritime Inspection / Detection Equipment - 
Vietnam  Funding for equipment and training. Promotes border 
security and customs operations by supporting the ability of Vietnam to utilize inspection and detection equipment for maritime export controls. This activity 
is part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral 
approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and 
technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Vietnam  150,000 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Commodity Identification Training in 
Vietnam  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
supporting the ability of Vietnam to conduct commodity identification programs. This activity is part of the Export Control and Related Border 
Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier 
initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmoni zation of national export 
control systems with international standards and 
facilitating information-sharing agreements among 
nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and 
best practices. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Energy.  Vietnam  70,000 
 
       
Border Security: 
Inspection / 
Detection 
Equipment and Training - Vietnam  Promotes border security and customs operations by 
providing Vietnam with inspection and detection 
equipment and training. This activity is part of the 
Export Control and Related Border Security Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program 
takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting 
harmonization of national export control systems with international standards and facilitating information-sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national 
policymakers and technical experts together to share 
information and best practices. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  Vietnam  170,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Vietnam 
Competitiveness Initiative  Vietnam Competitiveness Initia tive is a three to five 
year economic growth project, by the US Agency for International Development, to improve the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises 
(SMEs) in Vietnam. Its activities are in three areas: (i) 
Improve business policy environment through a provincial competitiveness index (PCI) that ranks over 40 provinces on their economic governance, and related policy studies and public-private dialogue events. (ii) Assist the information and 
communications technology (ICT), fruit and home 
furnishings industries through various initiatives. These include more ICT usage in trade, adopting international standards for exports in accordance with WTO rules, better market access and distribution 
channels to foreign markets and more access into 
foreign market by promoting Vietnamese products in international trade shows a nd exhibitions. (iii) Help 
joint stock banks in Vietnam to improve their capacity to lend more to SMEs. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  Vietnam  35,000 
 
       
West Africa Trade 
Hub  The West Africa Trade Hub in Accra, Ghana opened 
in 2003 with a second hub in Dakar, Senegal opening 
in 2005. The objective of the Trade Hubs is to 
encourage West African businesses to take advantage of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), and to develop capacity for better engagement in the multilateral trading system. The Hub activities 
support four key areas: trade capacity building, 
AGOA export development, AGOA support services and information dissemination. Funded and implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  711,761 
 
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& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Border Security: 
Inspection / Detection Equipment and 
Training - Yemen  Funding for equipment and training. Promotes border 
security and customs operations by supporting the ability of Yemen to utilize inspection and detection equipment for export controls. This activity is part of 
the Export Control and Related Border Security 
Assistance (EXBS) program, the premier initiative by the U.S. Government to help other countries improve their export control systems. The EXBS program takes a regional and multilateral approach, promoting harmonization of national export control systems with 
international standards and facilitating information-
sharing agreements among nations. The program also organizes a number of regional fora to bring national policymakers and technical experts together to share information and best practices. Funded and 
implemented by Department of State.  Yemen  200,000 
 
       
Market Access, 
Trade and Enabling 
Policy Environment 
(MATEP) Project  The Market Access, Trade and Enabling Policies 
(MATEP) project is designed to increase the exports 
of Zambia in agricultural and natural resource 
products. The project has five interlinked components: Trade and Enabling Policy, Market Access, Tourism, Finance, and HIV/AIDS. Trade and Enabling Policy focuses on domestic policies that 
constrain Zambian exports, and on trade agreements 
which may expand exports. Market Access identifies potential markets for export and works with exporters to facilitate transactions. The Tourism component helps to raise the profile of Zambia as a major tourist 
and international conference destination in Africa. 
Finance will use $2 million in investment capital to create private sector investment funds that provide short-term export financing and medium-term investment capital to exporters. The HIV/AIDS component collaboratively designs and implements 
prevention programs while mainstreaming prevention 
activities into client-
business operations. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Zambia.  Zambia  60,000 
 
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  Customs Operations 
& Administration 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Zambia Threshold 
Program: Border Management  The project includes several activities for trade-
capacity building: build capacity in modern customs techniques and integrated border control and management; strengthen sanitary and phyto-sanitary 
services in Ministry of Agriculture and Co-operatives; 
strengthen import and export quality monitoring, standardization, and certification; and establish a national accreditation body that will accredit conformity assessment (inspection, testing, certification and calibration) bodies. Funded by 
Millennium Challenge Cor poration and implemented 
by USAID/Zambia.  Zambia  6,200,000 
 
 
TCB Sub-Category: E-Commerce & IT  
Year: 2006  
Total Funding: $14,594,579  
 (Note: Funding values are not necessarily activity totals, but represent the proportion of the activity 
allocated to this trade facilitation sub-category.)  
E-Commerce & 
IT Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Competitive 
Armenian Private Sector Project  The goal of the Competitive Armenian Private Sector 
(CAPS) Program is to promote growth and competitiveness of small and medium sized enterprises. CAPS will implement components that will help businesses to achieve their growth objectives. 1. Cluster Competitiveness: action plans 
for increasing sales, exports, investment, and 
adopting new technologies. This component includes taking initial diagnostics, defining strategic objectives, and detailing the means to achieve these objectives. 2. Strengthen Business Capacity: Raising 
SME supply response capability through improving 
firm-level productivity. 3. Build Association Capacity and Policy Advocacy Capability: Improving institutions and policies supporting SMEs, the CAPS improves the capacities of associations aligned with the target clusters and highlights competitiveness 
issues, especially policy reform to improve the 
business climate. 4. Workforce and Skills 
Development: Helps jobseeker networks and improves the skills of workers. Funded and implemented by USAID/Armenia.  Armenia  150,000 
 
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  E-Commerce & 
IT Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at the 
community level with host country organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in global trade by helping to: (1) integrate information communication technology, (2) provide training in 
entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable 
production and marketing efforts. Funded and implemented by Peace Corps.  Asia ns  164,523 
 
       
Accelerating 
Economic Recovery in Asia  This program, in support of a US-Thai Free Trade 
Agreement, includes workshops and a study tour to the United States on the topic of development and management of small business incubators. It also supports a series of workshops on logistics and a 
conference on financing small medium enterprises. 
The goal is to help small businesses recover from the tsunami, and support entrep reneurship and business 
management training, software development and marketing assistance to the hotel and tourism sector in southern Thailand. In addition, work on a series of 
practical, private sector-oriented activities started to 
provide increased trade capacity to the private sector packaged-food producers in ASEAN. The key was to 
build business skills and tr ade capacity rather than 
production capacity, focusing on meeting 
international sanitary, labeling and packaging 
standards, disseminating information on marketing and branding and linking to global supply chains. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  Asia ns  42,162 
 
       
Telecomunications 
Development - Bangladesh  The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) 
is providing support to expand the cellular telephone network in Bangladesh. F unded and implemented by 
Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC).  Bangladesh  19,500 
 
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  E-Commerce & 
IT Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Business and 
Trade Development  The objective of the USAID/Bulgaria Business and 
Trade Development (BTD) Pr ogram is to strengthen 
the capacity of local business support organizations (BSOs) to be more effective and sustainable market-based service delivery agents for their small and 
medium-sized enterprise (SME) clients. The BTD 
program uses two approaches to providing assistance to the BSO and SME communities. The first approach is focused on a specific BSO and SME partnership designed to build the capacity of the two organizations to accomplish a specific goal (i.e. 
developing an investment profile). The second 
approach focuses on all participants in a market sector area and seeks to raise awareness of key capacity building issues within that area. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bulgaria.  Bulgaria  45,000 
 
       
Agribusiness 
Development Services  MCC will fund applied technical and field research 
training for improvements by farmers in agricultural extension centers and farm demonstration sites, 
building capacity in export requirements, packing 
sheds, and centers for inspection and certification. Increases in irrigated land and reliability of water supply will facilitate a shift from low-value, rain-fed agriculture to higher value-added crops that are 
grown more intensively. Training of, and outreach to, 
farmers in courses on drip irrigation and environmentally sustainable agricultural practices, the proper use of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and fungicides, vegetable and fruit production, on-farm 
water management and down stream marketing will 
be funded. Total MCC funding for this project is 
$3,600,000, of which $3,550,041 is reflected in this activity. The remaining $49,959 is captured in a separate activity, implemented by the Foreign Agricultural Service of the Department of 
Agriculture. Funded and implemented by Millennium 
Challenge Corporation.  Cape Verde  887,510 
 
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  E-Commerce & 
IT Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Caribbean Open 
Trade Support Program (COTS)  COTS facilitates the transition of Eastern Caribbean 
countries from traditional, preferences-
based trading 
regimes to open trade, and to enable them to compete more successfully and sustainably in the global economy. The program also supports efforts to adopt 
and participate in the CARICOM Single Market and 
Economy (CSME), thereby collectively strengthening the regional framework for global competition. COTS, operating primarily within the countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), has five themes: private sector development, 
governance, public-private interface, public 
awareness, and resilience to natural disasters. Technical assistance is targeted at improving the 
business environment through the updating of 
business legislation and administrative reform. 
Assistance is also given to the private business 
community to improve external market linkages. Small grants are used to dissemination public information on trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Caribbean ns  195,649 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at the 
community level with host country organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in 
global trade by helping to: (1) integrate information 
communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable production and marketing efforts. Funded and implemented by Peace Corps.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  69,721 
 
       
Eastern Africa 
Submarine Cable System  The US Trade and Development Agency is providing 
funding for an orientation visit focused on highlighting the commercial technologies and 
capabilities of an international telecommunications 
firm for the Eastern Africa Submarine Cable System, an undersea fiber optic cable backbone that will have landing points in as many as eight African countries. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development 
Agency.  Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  54,414 
 
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  E-Commerce & 
IT Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Information 
Communication Technology - Egypt  The purpose of this activity is to establish the legal 
and regulatory framework necessary to strengthen e-commerce and information and communication technology. Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  1,000,000 
 
       
Financial Sector 
Modernization Project  The purpose of this activity is to promote the 
esta
blishment of real estate finance and other forms 
of secured lending and to support the establishment 
of professional associations. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  2,400,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at the 
community level with host country organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in global trade by helping to: (1) integrate information communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable 
production and marketing efforts. Funded and 
implemented by Peace Corps.  Former Soviet 
Republics ns  132,057 
 
       
Internet, E-
Commerce, and Information Technology Support  The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) 
is providing financing or investment guaranties to support a project that involves an investment in the telecommunications industry in Gabon by a local internet company. The project will establish small aperture terminal satellite hubs (VSAT) in order to 
provide telecommunications services to corporate and 
residential customers in the country. This project will expand the availability of telecommunications and internet services throughout the host country. Using the VSAT technology, the lo cal enterprise will offer 
cost-effective internet access, local area network 
(LAN), wide-area network (WAN), virtual private network (VPN) and voice-over-internet protocol (VoIP) services. These services will also support applications such as videoconferencing, telemedicine 
and distance learning. The project will provide some 
of these services in parts of the Congo. Funded and implemented by Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC).  Gabon  271,500 TN/TF/W/151 
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Business Climate 
Reform Project  The Business Climate Reform project provides 
assistance for customs operations and administration, information technologies (IT), human resources and labor standards, financia l sector development, good 
governance, and WTO awareness. Among many 
other activities, technical assistance (TA) is being provided for customs operations and administration in implementing more modern, functional organizational structures, streamlining trade across 
borders, and implementing risk assessment systems. 
In addition, the project is contributing legal services 
to assist in the privatization of state-owned energy distribution and generation assets. Other ministries are receiving TA and proc urement support to improve 
IT infrastructure and capacities. TA is also helping to 
streamline import permits for agricultural products, 
construction permits and medical licensing, resulting in the development of regula tions that have cut 30-60 
days from construction permitting process. Funded and implemented by USAID/Georgia.  Georgia  175,538 
 
       
Private Sector 
Competitiveness  The Private Sector Competitiveness program focuses 
on improving a broad array of macroeconomic, trade and factor market policies, as well as regulatory 
frameworks to increase the competitiveness of the 
Ghanaian private sector. Consisting of two main components, (A) strengthening the policy and regulatory enabling environment of Ghana, and (B) an export business development component, the 
program has led to several achievements. One 
success includes the provision of technical and financial assistance from the USAID Trade and Investment Program for a Competitive Export Economy (TIPCEE) to a local pineapple concentrate provider. With the assistance of the program, the firm 
will provide over 500 metric tons of pineapple 
concentrate in 2007 to a major drinks producer in Nigeria. The program has also assisted local farmers to meet international quality standards: several papaya farmers were--for the first time--able to 
export over 12 metric tons of fruit to Europe. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Ghana.  Ghana  136,378  TN/TF/W/151 
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Telecomunications 
Development - Ghana  The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) 
is providing support to a Ghanian telecommunications and internet access center. Funded and implemented by Overseas Private 
Investment Corporation (OPIC).  Ghana  118,828 
 
       
Seldon Project for 
Global 
Commercial Law  The Seldon project provides technical assistance 
services on commercial law matters. It is producing a 
commercial law handbook for use by the field. It is 
also conducting a regional series of diagnostic analyses this year of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries on behalf of USAID/Regional Development Mission Asia-
Bangkok (USAID/RDMA-Bangkok). Funded and 
implemented by USAID/EGAT/EG.  Global ns  17,500 
 
       
Energy Security 
and Natural 
Resources Regulatory Reform  This technical assistance for Guatemalan Ministry of 
Energy and Mines (MEM) will develop a national 
Geographical Information System (GIS) for the energy and mining sectors. The national GIS project is designed to enhance the regulatory capacity of MEM and improve the investment environment for 
hydrocarbon and mineral a nd resource development. 
Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Guatemala  68,166
 
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Strengthening 
Environment for Sustained Growth of Exports in Guyana  The activity strengthens the environment for the 
sustained growth of valu e-added and non-traditional 
exports by: (1) building the capacity of trade policy institutions, and (2) enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises in the agro-pro cessing, fisheries, tourism 
and wood products sectors/clusters. To date, the 
activity has: (1) completed a National Investment Guide which the government  is using to attract 
foreign direct investment (FDI), (2) provided training for and established testing facilities for meat products and peanuts, paving the way for potential exports of 
these products for the first time, (3) helped the 
conclusion of several new multi-million dollar contracts involving local sawmills and international 
buyers as a result of participation in the International 
Wood Products Association (IWPA) Fair, and (4) 
mounted a national Caribbean Community and 
Common Market (CARICOM) Community Awareness Program (CSME). Funded and implemented by USAID/Guyana.  Guyana  19,800 
 
       
Trade, 
Investment, and Competitiveness (TIC) Policy 
Support  Program technical approach includes three 
components: (1) the creation of a Policy Analyses and Recommendations (PAR) Unit which will focus its research and analysis in trade, investment, and 
competitiveness issues to formulate policies for the 
Government (2) full time advisors supported by the PAR unit to the Economic Cabinet and, (3) training and technical assistance to other government institutions, the private sector, and civil society to 
enhance their capacity to take full advantage of the 
opportunities offered by FTAs, and to comply with regulations stipulated under CAFTA. Program helps train customs officials in compliance related to CAFTA and the area of sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) standards. Among the main accomplishments 
to date are five study reports on key issues. Two of 
these have been used by the new government in shaping energy generation policies and in new statutes for hiring health service and educational professionals. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Honduras.  Honduras  50,000 
 
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Indonesia Trade 
Assistance Project  The Indonesia Trade Assistance Project (I-TAP) 
focuses on trade capacity development for Indonesia, including: (1) support for WTO compliance and the Doha Round agenda, (2) enhancement of inter-
agency coordination on trade matters, (3) intellectual 
property rights, (4) legal drafting and legislative 
review of investment, trade, property and other laws affecting trade, (5) enhancing analytical skills, (6) strengthening ministerial ca pacity and institutions, (7) 
coordination with the private sector, (8) reduction of non-tariff barriers. Activities include: (1) technical 
legal assistance to the Ministry of Trade (MoT) on 
trade remedies and compensation for safeguard measures, draft of commercial law and preparation of international trade agreements, (2) development of IT plans to upgrade the MoT and data center operations, 
(3) technical assistance and training by U.S. Agency 
for International Devel opment for regional trade 
agreements and free trade agreements. Funded and implemented by USAID/Indonesia.  Indonesia  175,000 
 
       
Competitiveness 
Clusters Developed in Jamaica  Recognizing that country competitiveness determines 
prosperity, and that competitiveness is determined by the ability of firms to provide unique products and services to customers, this activity focuses on 
competitive industries as the principal framework for 
industry sector and firm level assistance aimed at improving competitiveness. Activities are concentrated in three clusters (tourism, business management, entertainment and culture) and include 
technical assistance to fac ilitate the development of 
public/private partnershi ps and private sector 
partnerships throughout the value chain of firms, with the objective of generating networking benefits and 
enhancing the productivity of clusters. This technical 
assistance also includes, at the firm level, training in 
business management and technical skills assistance 
with the making of market linkages and joint procurements. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  20,000 
 
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Business 
Environment Improved in Jamaica  One principal aim of the business environment 
activity is the creation of opportunities for small- and medium-sized firms in the tourism, agribusiness and entertainment and culture clusters, with further emphases on the underserved sub-sectors. Technical 
assistance focuses on investing in human capital with 
targeted training interventions  that are driven by the 
needs of the clusters and the community, so as to develop skill sets that are immediately marketable. This activity will also create a more enabling business environment through targeted private sector 
driven interventions in the regulatory processes that 
affect businesses, for example through the preparation of a Developers Manual, and through a series of workshops that will help small, medium and micro enterprises access financing. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  10,000 
 
       
Achievement of 
Market Friendly 
Initiatives and 
Results - Jordan  Achievement of Market Friendly Initiatives and 
Results (AMIR 2.0) is a broad technical assistance 
program designed to assist Jordan to improve its 
economic environment. AMIR helped to liberalize the telecommunications and information technology (IT) sectors, as well as expand capital markets in Jordan. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jordan. Jordan  2,575,078 
 
       
Aqaba Zone 
Economic Mobilization  This activity supports the Aqaba special economic 
zone in its mission to e xpand economic development 
in southern Jordan. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  60,000 
 
       
Business 
Development 
Center - Jordan  The activity provides firm-level assistance to firms in 
Jordan to help them cope with the integration of 
Jordan into the global economy. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  100,000 
 
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Enterprise 
Development Project  This activity includes enterprise improvement 
services, regional trade promotion (RTP), accounting reform, and a quality management center (QMC). (1) Enterprise improvement services provides SMEs with consulting services and manager advisors assist 
SMEs by helping create and implement strategies to 
resolve growth challenges. (2) RTP assists the development of Central Asia by promoting SME 
trade. (3) Accounting reform assistance provides guidance covering the components of a global accounting framework, such as financial and 
management accounting standards, a code of ethics, 
formation of professional associations, and administration of exams. (4) The QMC promotes the 
benefits of quality management and assists 
companies with International Standards Organization 
9001-2000 implementation and certification. Over the 
past two years, 496 clients have been assisted with cumulative sales exceeding $560 million, orequivalent to 1.4 percen t of the $40.7 billion GDP 
of Kazakhstan. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kazakhstan  315,000 
 
       
Kenya 
Horticultural 
Development 
Program (KHDP)  The goal of the Kenya Horticultural Development 
Program (KHDP) is to increase incomes of 35,000 
smallholders. This is addressed through three major 
components: (1) EUREPGAP (a private sector body that sets voluntary standards for the certification of agricultural products) and product traceability, (2) growth of local markets, and (3) new product 
development for smallholder producers. The program 
supports development and use of market information, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), and increases the use of integrated pest management regimes to decrease pesticide use levels. It also increases access of small farm er to technologies that 
will increase their a
bility to trade internationally, 
regionally and domestically. To date out of 50,000 outgrowers, 903 small farmers have been certified under EUREPGAP standards and 15,000 are in progress. The volume and value of domestic and 
export trade increased by 19.2 percent and 55 
percent, respectively over 2004. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  20,000 
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Kenya Dairy 
Development Program (KDDP)  The dairy program, through a market-driven 
production system, aims to increase milk demand and improve efficiencies and bene fits to participants in 
the value chain--from farmers to consumers. 
Proposed interventions will improve the efficiency and benefits along the four key stages of the value chain: production, processing, marketing/trade, and consumption. Farmer or ganizations and human 
resources capacity will be strengthened to lead to 
increased and sustainable benefits. The trade component in the program is expected to increased agricultural trade through creating a policy environment that promotes trade and competition. 
Improved performance of agricultural marketing 
systems improved delivery of services necessary to facilitate agricultural trade. To date, dairy products grew by 35 percent in volume while value grew by 29 percent. Training continues for informal traders to increase product quality, packaging, and 
diversification. Funde d and implemented by 
USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  30,000 
 
       
Kenya Maize 
Development Program (KMDP)  The maize program aims at increasing rural 
household incomes by increasing productivity of maize in target areas, linking farmers to markets more efficiently, providing sustainable services in marketing, trade, credit, and improving the capacity of farmer organizations as businesses. It supports 
policy reform to address constraints, promotes 
opportunities to increase  domestic, regional and 
international trade leading to increased profits for all players in the value chain. The program has trained farmers on standards and grades, storage, and 
assembly of product, expa nded maize products for 
trade, and bulked transport operations together to meet larger volume contracts with millers and large traders. By early 2006, farmers in the project areas had raised their productivity from a baseline of 8 
bags (90 kg per bag) to 30 bags (90 kg per bag) per 
acre. The average production cost per each 90 kg bag is Kshs. 617.50 against a target of Kshs. 630.00. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  40,000 
 
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Enterprise 
Development Project  This activity includes enterprise improvement 
services, regional trade promotion (RTP), and accounting reform. (1) Enterprise improvement services provides SMEs with  consulting services and 
manager advisors assist SMEs by helping create and 
implement strategies to resolve growth challenges. 
(2) RTP assists the development of Central Asia by promoting SME trade. (3) Accounting reform assistance provides guidance covering most of the components of a global accounting framework, such as financial and management  accounting standards, a 
code of ethics, formation of professional associations, 
and administration of exams. USAID provides firm-level consulting to Kyrgyz businesses by offering clients specialized services. The sales volume of the 180 clients assisted to date is $74 million, or 3.3 
percent of Kyrgyz GDP. The RTP network helped 
conduct 86 trade deals worth $7,158,000. The Russian language Certified International Professional Accountant (CIPA) Program continued to grow in demand. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kyrgyzstan  140,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at the 
community level with host country organizations and 
individuals to build their capacity to participate in 
global trade by helping to: (1) integrate information communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable production and marketing efforts. Funded and 
implemented by Peace Corps.  Latin America 
and Caribbean 
ns  146,879 
 
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e-BIZ Activity  The e-Biz Project is helping small and medium 
enterprises (SMEs) use information and communication technology (ICT) to strengthen their 
businesses. It partners with Macedonian 
entrepreneurs to offer ICT solutions that significantly 
improve SME competitiveness. To date, seven e-Biz 
Centers have been created offering many services. Computer-added design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing equipment (CAM) based services available include CAD for the apparel industry for pattern design, digitizing, grading and pattern 
making, and CAM services for apparel 
manufacturing companies. The footwear industry 
benefits from services including CAD for pattern 
design and pattern making, digitizing and grading, and CAM services for automated cutting. Machine 
tool companies are provided with services for tool 
design, production design, programming, 3-dimensional modeling, training services and technical support. Many other industries benefit from similar services. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  859,566 
 
       
Governance in 
Targeted Areas  The USAID/Madagascar governance program 
contributes to better planning and more efficient use 
of scarce public resources that will have an impact on 
trade, investment, and growth. The program supports the efforts of the government to combat corruption through assistance in the implementation of a national anti-corruption strategy. Addressing 
widespread corruption in th e customs, mining, forest 
logging, will have a positive impact on trade capacity and trade flows, for example. Funded and implemented by USAID/Madagascar.  Madagascar  40,000 
 
       
Mali Trade 
Promotion Program  The Mali Trade Promotion Program aims to expand 
access to regional and international markets for selected agricultural products for which Mali has a comparative advantage by enhancing commodity 
value chains competitiveness, and by creating an 
institutional and policy framework conducive to trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mali.  Mali  146,100 
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Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at the 
community level with host country organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in 
global trade by helping to (1) integrate information 
communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable production and marketing efforts. Funded and implemented by Peace Corps.  Middle East and 
North Africa ns  35,559 
 
       
Economic Policy 
Reform and 
Competitiveness 
Project - Mongolia The Economic Policy Reform and Competitiveness 
Project (EPRC), conducted by the U.S. Agency for 
International Developmen t (USAID), works with 
relevant government officials in Mongolia to promote macroeconomic policy, energy sector reforms, and public dialogue. The project also includes work with 
businesses to promote their competitiveness in 
international markets. Major successes in the area of 
trade capacity building include the launching of a 
tourism portal that will make it possible to plan, book, and pay for a vacation in Mongolia from anywhere in the world, and facilitating the signing of cashmere production contracts worth over $3 million. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Mongolia.  Mongolia  72,581 
 
       
Ministry of 
Transport - Port 
Computerization  This grant provides technical assistance to develop an 
integrated computerization plan for the operations 
and management of the Nigerian Ports Authority. 
Through evaluation of current systems, technical training, and recommendations this project will help increase the productivity of the Nigerian Ports Authority, and build human capacity to analyze, 
design and manage information technology systems. 
As a result, it will facilitate more efficient trade in the entire West African region. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Nigeria  214,873 
 
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Creating 
Conditions for Economic Revitalization (CRECER)  Creating Conditions for Economic Revitalization 
(CRECER) lays the foundation for sustained trade-led economic growth and increased market access for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Support will be provided within the context of the 
Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA). CRECER 
will continue to support Gove rnment of Peru efforts 
to improve the competitiveness of Peru and the productivity of its enterprises, will facilitate the adoption of administrative reforms, and will assist the Government of Peru in improving the efficiency of 
the financial and business development services 
markets. Funded and implemented by USAID/Peru.  Peru  529,600 
 
       
Economic 
Modernization through Efficient Reforms and Governance Enhancement  The Economic Modernization through Efficient 
Reforms and Governance Enhancement (EMERGE) program focuses on policy reforms related to trade, investment, and fiscal reforms that are essential for accelerated and sustainable growth. The main themes of the project are improving competitiveness, 
expanding trade and investme nts by enhancing trade 
liberalization and facilitation, as well as reducing policy-induced restrictions and transactions cost of investments. Funded and implemented by USAID/Philippines.  Philippines  280,000 
 
       
Enterprise 
Development and Strengthening in 
Romania  The U.S. Agency for International Development 
(USAID) assists local private companies and business support organizations to improve their 
competitiveness and exports in industries that have 
international comparative advantage. USAID provides technical assistance and training that facilitates business linkages, enables small 
business 
to have access to and kno wledge of new production 
technologies, helps develop marketing and export 
strategies based on market research studies, and assists businesses improve product quality or develop new products. The activity also provides the required international certification training for information 
technology businesses in orde r for these companies to 
become competitive on the international market. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Romania.  Romania  204,407 
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Telecomunications 
Development - Romania  The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) 
is providing insurance to help the development of the Romanian telecommunication sectors voice and data 
services. Funded and implemented by Overseas 
Private Investment Corporation (OPIC).  Romania  253,499 
 
       
South African 
International Business Linkages (SAIBL)  The South African International Business Linkages 
Program (SAIBL) is implemented through a cooperative agreement with the Washington, D.C.-based Corporate Council on Africa, and is implemented in South Africa by a local consulting 
firm. The program includes three components. (1) 
SAIBL-Core Small and Medium Enterprise Development provides business development, and financial, trade, and market access services to manufacturing and service sector SMEs. (2) The SAIBL-Promoting Agribusiness Linkages program 
(SAIBL-PAL) provides mark et linkages, business 
development services, and training in grades and standards for SME agricultural firms engaged in or seeking to expand into national and international trade in agricultural and other food products. (3) 
SAIBL-TRADE promotes e xports by building export 
trade capacity and market linkages. During FY 2006 accomplishments are on track to include over 2,000 new jobs and Rand 1.12 Billion in export and 
domestic sales. Funded and implemented by USAID/South Africa.  South Africa  27,080 
 
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Capital Markets 
Integration - Stock Exchanges  This grant provides technical  assistance to the West 
African Monetary Institute for a study on capital market integration and cross-
border securities listing 
between the Nigerian Stock Exchange and the Ghana 
Stock Exchange. The study will analyze differences 
in the legal, regulatory, accounting and reporting 
policies, and information technology systems of the two stock exchanges. It will also provide recommendations and an implementation plan for facilitating interconnectivity and the cross-listing of securities between the two exch anges. As a result, the 
study will foster increased  intra-regional commerce 
in West Africa, and promote market-
based 
economies. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  19,198 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at the 
community level with host country organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in global trade by assisting with (1) information 
communication technology integration, (2) skills 
training in entrepreneurship, (3) and the development of sustainable production and marketing efforts. Funded and implemented by Peace Corps.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  456,507 
 
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BIZPRO  BIZPRO contributes to the economic development of 
Ukraine by providing assistance that improves the ability of small and medium -sized enterprises (SMEs) 
to operate and compete in local and international markets. BIZPRO is focused on two tasks: providing 
market development support and enhancing the SME 
enabling environment. The project helps the public and private sector in selected municipalities formulate and implement balanced and predictable regulations that improve the business climate. These activities promote the one-stop-shop concept, 
improving the ability of Ukrainian SMEs to grow and 
compete in local, regional, and international markets. Sector and enterprise level initiatives showed significant results in 2005: apparel manufacturers increased exports to Russia by $400,000 and 
domestic sales grew by 40 percent, producers of 
construction materials increased turnover by 20 percent, and Crimean tour operators increased package sales tours by 160 percent. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  Ukraine  30,000 
 
       
Ministry of 
Finance IT Projects - Hanoi 
Securities Trading 
Center  This feasibility study grant will provide funding for 
the development of a roadmap and detailed technical design for expanding the information technology 
infrastructure for the Hanoi Securities Trading Center 
(HSTC), which is managed by the State Securities Commission in Vietnam. This expansion will allowthe HSTC to operate at a greater capacity and efficiency. Funded and implemented by Trade and 
Development Agency.  Vietnam  126,600 
 
       
Vietnam Airlines 
Core Systems 
Upgrade  This technical assistance grant will fund U.S. experts 
to assist Vietnam Airlines (VNA) in its core systems 
upgrade, helping it to meet the obligations of the 
Simplifying the Business (StB) Program, an International Air Traffic Association (IATA) requirement. This project will help VNA determine which of its systems need to be upgraded and 
replaced, as well as identify and outline new system 
solutions to be implemented. This will in turn improve its safety and efficiency, increasing trade and tourism capacity. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Vietnam  523,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Vietnam 
Competitiveness Initiative  Vietnam Competitiveness Initia tive is a three to five 
year economic growth project, by the US Agency for International Development, to improve the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises 
(SMEs) in Vietnam. Its activities are in three areas: 
(i) Improve business policy environment through a provincial competitiveness index (PCI) that ranks over 40 provinces on their economic governance, and related policy studies and public-private dialogue events. (ii) Assist the information and 
communications technology (ICT), fruit and home 
furnishings industries through various initiatives. These include more ICT usage in trade, adopting international standards for exports in accordance with WTO rules, better market access and distribution 
channels to foreign markets and more access into 
foreign market by promoting Vietnamese products in international trade shows a nd exhibitions. (iii) Help 
joint stock banks in Vietnam to improve their capacity to lend more to SMEs. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  Vietnam  105,000 
 
       
Mission Support 
Costs to Trade 
Capacity Building  This activity provides appropriate supervision and 
technical assistance and support to trade capacity 
building activities in West Africa. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  105,905 
 
       
Market 
Information System and Trader Organizations in West Africa - 
MISTOWA  The purpose of the Regional Market Information 
System project is to educate West African traders, producers and consumers about agricultural markets. Lack of understanding of agricultural markets is a significant barrier to trade. A better understanding of markets will lead to informed decision making, 
resulting in higher profits for producers and traders as 
well as lower prices for consumers. The end goal of this activity is increased tr ade in agricultural products 
and trade based food security by providing commercially relevant and timely information to 
those involved in cross-border trade. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
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Regional Telecom  This activity will leverage existing efforts to enhance 
the development of the telecommunications industry in West Africa while adopting a regional approach that engages the private sector. This activity will 
provide technical assistance to The Economic 
Community of West African States (ECOWAS), West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), other regional organizations, and the private sector. The activity will address regulatory, legal and other issues in order to improve industry 
performance. The result of this activity will be an 
improved environment fo r telecommunications 
service providers, increased investment in telecommunications assets, and increased diversity and penetration of telecommunications services. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  100,000 
 
 
TCB Sub-Category: Export Promotion  
Year: 2006  
Total Funding: $93,185,225  
 
(Note: Funding values are not necessarily activity totals, but represent the proportion of the activity 
allocated to this trade facilitation sub-category.)  
Export 
Promotion 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding 
Assessment of 
Proposed Reconstruction 
Opportunity 
Zones - Afghanistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Afghan officials make informed decisions on the possible scope for Reconstruction Opportunity Zones 
(ROZs) with the view of implementing the program 
through legislation to be introduced in 2007. President Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that the United States would seek legislation to create ROZs in vital areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Goods produced within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-free if 
imported directly. Although there will certainly be 
differences, the Qualifying Industrialized Zone (QIZ) program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan presents an example of how ROZs might function in developing and further promoting regi onal economic integration. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/ANE.  Afghanistan  70,000 
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Funding 
       
Mission-funded 
Assessment of 
Reconstruction Opportunity Zones - Afghanistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Afghan officials make informed decisions on the 
possible scope for the Reconstruction Opportunity Zones (ROZs) with the view of implementing the program through legislation to be introduced in 2007. President Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that the United States would seek legislation to create 
ROZs in vital areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. 
Goods produced within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-free if imported directly. Although there will certainly be differences, the Qualifying Industrialized Zone (QIZ) program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan 
presents an example of how ROZs might function in 
developing and further pr omoting regional economic 
integration. Funded by USAID/Afghanistan and implemented by USAID/ANE.  Afghanistan  75,000 
 
       
Afghanistan 
Small and Medium Enterprise 
Development 
(ASMED)  Afghanistan Small and Medium Enterprise 
Development (ASMED) works to develop the Afghan private sector by addressing non-governmental barriers to enterprise development. Key activities include 
improving market information, improving business and 
management skills, strengthening 
business 
associations, creating private-public partnerships, and 
building human capacity through professional 
internships. One important aspect of supporting 
business associations is the implementation of trade 
fairs (domestic), trade missions, and participation of 
leading Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) and associations in international trade fairs. Funded and implemented by USAID/Afghanistan.  Afghanistan  747,500 
 
       
Enterprise 
Development Export Market Services Project 
- EDEM  The Albanian Enterprise Development and Export 
Market Services Project (EDEM) is a five-year project. EDEM works with the busin ess community to increase 
domestic and export market competitiveness, leading 
to expanded sales of Albanian products and services 
and increased employment opportunities. EDEM is active in five major industry areas: meat processing, herbs and spices, tourism, fruits and vegetables, and footwear (in collaboration with The Albanian Center 
for International Trade (ACIT). Through the second Albania  865,200  TN/TF/W/151 
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quarter of its third year, EDEM results include direct 
assistance to 95 private enterprises and indirect assistance to 727 enterprises, domestic sales of assisted enterprises total almost $13.5 million, and export sales 
of almost $4 million assisted firms to add 
approximately 2,200 new employees of which two-thirds were female and one-third was male. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Albania.  
 
       
Agribusiness 
Small and Medium Enterprise 
Market 
Development Project  The Armenia Agribusiness Small and Medium 
Enterprise Market Development Project (ASME) works with the business comm unity to increase market 
opportunities for private companies. To achieve this 
goal, ASME identifies markets for existing and new 
products that can be sold, develops strategies by which Armenian companies can take advantage of these opportunities, and supports the efforts of individual firms to operate successfully in a market-
based 
economy. ASME identifies and analyzes constraints 
that limit the potential growth of Armenian firms in 
these markets and designs and implements strategies to address those problems. ASME provides training and technical assistance to agribusiness SMEs to improve their efficiency and market competitiveness. The 
program builds their management and marketing 
capacity in order to increase the exports and the domestic sales of Armenian agribusiness products and create new jobs. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Armenia.  Armenia  500,000 
 
       
Competitive 
Armenian Private Sector 
Project  The goal of the Competitive Armenian Private Sector 
(CAPS) Program is to promote growth and competitiveness of small and medium sized 
enterprises. CAPS will implement components that 
will help businesses to achieve their growth objectives. 1. Cluster Competitiveness: action plans for increasing sales, exports, investment, and adopting new technologies. This component includes taking initial 
diagnostics, defining strategic objectives, and detailing 
the means to achieve these objectives. 2. Strengthen Business Capacity: Raising SME supply response capability through improving firm-level productivity. 3. Build Association Capacity and Policy Advocacy Armenia  100,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Capability: Improving ins titutions and policies 
supporting SMEs, the CAPS improves the capacities of associations aligned with the target clusters and highlights competitiveness issues, especially policy 
reform to improve the business climate. 4. Workforce 
and Skills Development: Helps jobseeker networks and improves the skills of workers. Funded and implemented by USAID/Armenia.  
 
       
Caucasus 
Agricultural Development Initiative - 
Armenia  Activities include: (1) Sanitary and phytosanitary: 
strengthen the regulatory systems for animal health, production and processing of meat, poultry, and dairy products. Establish food safety system that meets 
international safety and quality regulations. (2) Private 
Sector Initiatives: the Center for Agribusiness and Rural Development provides technical assistance to private sector agribusinesses. (3) Farm Credit System: U.S. Farm Credit Administration is working with the Ministries of Agriculture (MoA) and Finance, and the 
Central Bank to develop a farm credit system based on 
the U.S. model. (4) Agricultural Market Information: the National Agricultural Statistics Service is working with the Armenian Statisti cal Service and the MoA to 
strengthen the collection, analysis, and dissemination 
of high quality agricultural statistics to provide 
farmers, policymakers, and agribusinesses with data they need to make rational production, marketing, and 
policy decisions. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Armenia  350,000 
 
       
Accelerating 
Economic Recovery in 
Asia  This program, in support of a US-Thai Free Trade 
Agreement, includes workshops and a study tour to the United States on the topic of development and 
management of small business incubators. It also 
supports a series of workshops on logistics and a conference on financing small medium enterprises. The goal is to help small businesses recover from the tsunami, and support entrepreneurship and business 
management training, software development and 
marketing assistance to the hotel and tourism sector in southern Thailand. In addition, work on a series of practical, private sector-oriented activities started to provide increased trade capacity to the private sector Asia ns  84,323  TN/TF/W/151 
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packaged-food producers in ASEAN. The key was to 
build business skills and trade capacity rather than 
production capacity, focusing on meeting international sanitary, labeling and packaging standards, 
disseminating information on marketing and branding 
and linking to global supply chains. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  
 
       
Improving the 
Processing, Branding and U.S. Demand for Bolivian 
Quinoa  USAID and its partners propose the implementation of 
an innovative project designed to improve the quality, quantity and exports of one of the most promising agricultural products of Bolivia, quinoa. The project, From Field to Fork - Improving the Processing, 
Branding and U.S. Demand for Bolivian Quinoa, is an 
integrated effort that will improve the incomes of rural producers by improving quinoa processing and reducing inefficiencies along the value-chain, increasing market transparency and incomes of small holder quinoa farmers. Funded by USAID/GDA and 
implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  338,702 
 
       
Bolivian 
Forestry 
(BOLFOR) II  The Sustainable Forestry Management Project 
(BOLFOR II) aims to improve community-based 
forest management, to access better markets and promote commercial alliances between communities and the private sector, improve forest management and 
business practices in the private sector, and facilitate 
forest exports. BOLFOR works directly with over 40 
communities and private companies and will reach another 60 through indirect  activities. In FY2006, 
BOLFOR sponsored the 2nd Business Roundtable of the Forestry Sector in Bolivia, which has over 120 participants from Bolivia, USA and 20 other countries, 
including timber and non-timber products 
manufacturers, community forestry organizations and indigenous community organizations, service providers, international in stitutions, and commercial 
forestry products companies. There were more than 
1,500 business meeting requests- far surpassing 
expectations and generati ng a total of $15 million of 
intended business deals. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  317,037 
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USAID Rural 
Competitiveness Activity  The Rural Competitiveness Activity is strengthening 
businesses in the Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba 
Tropics. Through business support services and technical assistance, the project has helped banana 
exporters from the Cochabamba Tropics access the 
European market with their product. Similar efforts to expand exports in the regional market with bananas, pineapples, and tropical flowers (among other products) are also underway. The project is actively 
engaging the finance sector to help identify new and 
more appropriate financial services that will help make 
businesses more competitive in regional and 
international markets. Access to international markets is also being facilitated by efforts making the customs clearance process more efficient. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  969,926 
 
       
Market Access 
and Poverty 
Alleviation 2 (MAPA 2)  The Market Access and Poverty Alleviation 2 (MAPA 
2) agricultural program reduces rural poverty in the 
high valleys and altiplano regions by enhancing 
incomes and employment opportunities through a market-driven strategy: promoting formation/strengthening of small rural enterprises, reducing production/transaction costs, and improving 
key agricultural chains from inputs to final markets. 
From October 2005-March 2006, while the program incorporated nearly 6,000 additional families and raised incomes significantly, small farmers exported organic sweet onions, oregano, raspberries, peanuts 
and chili peppers through the project. During MAPA 1 
(2000-2005), the program reached over 22,000 rural households, cumulatively raising their income by almost $25 million and generating $78 million in additional economic activity by the multiplier effect (e.g., assistance to oregano and chili pepper farmers 
increased family income an average of 283 and 244, 
respectively). Funded and implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  440,000 
 
       
Bolivian Trade 
and Business The Bolivian Trade and Business Competitiveness 
Activity (BTBC 2) works to increase the competitive Bolivia  1,512,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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Competitiveness 
2 (BTBC 2)  production of goods and services, facilitate trade, 
expand market access and attract foreign investment. Training and direct technical assistance to small and medium-sized businesses in the value-added, labor-
intensive export sector improves their ability to take 
advantage of trade opportunities. Regional business promotion centers (El Alto, Cochabama, Santa Cruz) connect producers to markets. The program supports civil society outreach, feedback on trade, and private sector advocacy efforts to communicate the 
opportunities and challenges of trade and markets. 
From October 2005 to March 2006, the program generated $4.5 million in new exports (a large share of the total increase in non-traditional exports), 512 new direct jobs, and incorporated an additional 85 small 
businesses into exporting networks. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  
 
       
Cluster 
Competitiveness 
Activity (CCA)  The aim of the Cluster Competitiveness Activity 
(CCA) is to increase the competitiveness of the wood 
processing and tourism sectors, and to raise productivity, profits, and employment. The activity helps stakeholders to devel op and implement strategies 
for growth through a combination of technical and 
financial assistance, facilitation of public-private 
dialogue aimed at reducing barriers to doing business, strengthening market linkages, and encouraging trade and investment. In particular, the wood-processing sector continues to improve its competitiveness as 
evident from an increase in exports in 2005 of 10 
percent, with exports of value-added wood products 
increasing by more than 25 percent. The tourism sector has become more competitive, resulting in an increase of more then 18 percent in annual tourism revenue in 2005. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bosnia and 
Herzegovina.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  750,000 
 
       
Linking 
Agricultural 
Markets to Producers (LAMP)  Linking Agricultural Markets to Producers (LAMP) 
aims to increase food exports, create jobs, and expand 
the breadth and depth of incomes for farmers, agribusinesses and related mark et participants, and also 
aims to increase the compe titiveness of the agriculture 
sector by expanding production and sales of value-Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  600,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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added agricultural products . LAMP will develop and 
strengthen market linkages among agricultural input providers, producers, traders, processors and wholesale or retail enterprises. Additional linkages will be 
established between product-specific markets and 
business service providers involved in banking and 
finance, marketing, management, packaging, agricultural institutes, coope ratives, associations and 
other related market players. Assistance will be provided at all levels of the market chain and includes 
technical, financial, marketing as well as business and 
public policy assistance. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bosnia and Herzegovina.  
 
       
Support for 
Agricultural Exports  The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) 
is providing support for the construction of a fruitprocessing plant in Brazil. Funded and implemented by Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC).  Brazil  63,104 
 
       
Brazil-
Competitive Potential, 
Impact of 
Policies, Limits to Ag Growth  The Economic Research Service, part of the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture, has conducted a program to improve capacity to conduct market and trade 
analysis in the Ministry of Agriculture and the Getulio 
Vargas Foundation. Analysis to date has focused on changing consumption patterns in Brazil, constraints to agricultural expansion, and the impact of these on trade potential of Brazil. Additional work on Brazilian trade 
policies is being initiated. Funded and implemented by 
Department of Agriculture.  Brazil  45,000 
 
       
Economic 
Opportunities 
for Small Enterprises, Trade and Poverty 
Reduction  The small business trade development component is 
successfully demonstrating the enormous opportunities 
associated with trade-led small business growth and employment, by working with selected small producer clusters. Trade promotion activities have already resulted in over $5 million in two-way trade between 
Brazil and the United States. The program has also 
created approximately 1,000 new jobs. The Program was also able to secure institutional buy-in and cost-sharing from local partners including the Brazilian Brazil  495,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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Export Promotion Agency and the Brazilian Small 
Business Agency. Policy research facilitated the preparation of draft legislation to encourage the development of small business trade consortia, 
reversing earlier laws that  increased small business 
costs and reduced their export competitiveness. 
Additional policy-related studies are being funded, such as an Ease of Export Survey and Doing Business in Brazil. Funded and implemented by USAID/Brazil. 
 
       
Business and 
Trade Development  The objective of the USAID/Bulgaria Business and 
Trade Development (BTD) Program is to strengthen the capacity of local business support organizations 
(BSOs) to be more effective and sustainable market-
based service delivery agents for their small and 
medium-sized enterprise (SME) clients. The BTD program uses two approaches to providing assistance to the BSO and SME communities. The first approach is focused on a specific BSO and SME partnership 
designed to build the capacity of the two organizations 
to accomplish a specific goal (i.e. developing an investment profile). The second approach focuses on all participants in a market sector area and seeks to raise awareness of key capacity building issues within 
that area. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Bulgaria.  Bulgaria  90,000 
 
       
Caribbean 
Open Trade Support Program (COTS)  COTS facilitates the transition of Eastern Caribbean 
countries from traditional, preferences-
based trading 
regimes to open trade, and to enable them to compete more successfully and sustainably in the global economy. The program also supports efforts to adopt and participate in the CARICOM Single Market and 
Economy (CSME), thereby collectively strengthening 
the regional framework for global competition. COTS, operating primarily within the countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), has five themes: private sector development, governance, 
public-private interface, public awareness, and 
resilience to natural disasters. Technical assistance is targeted at improving the business environment through the updating of business legislation and administrative reform. Assistance is also given to the Caribbean ns  391,298 TN/TF/W/151 
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private business community to improve external 
market linkages. Small grants are used to dissemination public information on trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  
 
       
Trade of Non-
Competitive Specialty 
Produce 
Expansion  The purpose of this proposed project is to provide 
relevant, comprehensive, efficient and effective technical assistance to selected Eastern Caribbean 
island states (Phase I - Dominica, St. Vincent, Phase II 
- St. Lucia, Grenada, Antigua and St. Kitts) in order to increase the variety and volume of agricultural specialty crops targeted for export to the more lucrative North American markets, with significant positive 
externalities to include the trading of these products to 
inter-regional, UK and European markets. Funded by USAID/GDA and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Caribbean ns  400,000 
 
       
Caribbean 
Trade Expansion Project (C-TEP)  Technical assistance is being provided to develop, 
demonstrate and train selected producers and exporters using sound market intelligence, agronomic and production technology packages, and integrated pest management systems for selected agricultural products 
within selected countries of the Eastern Caribbean. In 
particular, the program seeks to demonstrate and train selected producers and exporters in successful methods of farm management and c ontract farming production 
enterprise specific post-harvest technology and quality 
assurance export marketing management and sales 
systems and how to link thei r operations with reputable 
specialty produce distributors/importers and export management companies in the United States. The program also works with selected exporting organizations to understand the systems of compliance 
with U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Food 
Safety and Quality Assurance, and register the same under the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), USDA/Perishable Agricultural Commodities Act (PACA) and U.S. Customs Trade Partnership  Caribbean ns  226,500 
 
       
Regional This activity advances ne w competitiveness initiatives- Central and 250,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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Competitiveness 
Initiative  -such as regional sector cluste rs, corridor clusters, and 
market chains--that unite the bilateral efforts of USAID missions in the Europe and Eurasia Region. The missions and public and private sector participants 
form communities of practice to advance these 
regional initiatives. Through these communities they will achieve more effective implementation of their programs, which in turn will augment trade and productive employment in host countries. Funded and implemented by USAID/E and E.  Eastern Europe 
ns  
 
       
China: Effects 
of Water 
Scarcity on Agil 
Production  The Economic Research Service, part of the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture, is working with the 
Australian Bureau of Agricultural Economics 
(ABARE), the Chinese Ministry of Water Resources and the Chinese Academy of Sciences to develop a model of water allocation and policies for the Yellow River Basin and to conduct analyses of the implications of water scarcity for Chinese agricultural 
production and trade. Funded and implemented by 
Department of Agriculture.  China (P.R.C.)  32,460 
 
       
China: 
Enhancing Market and Trade Analysis  The Economic Research Service, part of the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture (USDA), has worked with multiple Chinese government agencies to establish improved market reporting and analysis, conduct 
analyses of key commodity markets (oilseeds, rice, 
pork, horticulture), as well as analyses of Chinese 
agricultural policy and the regulation and adoption of biotechnology. The Economic Research Service has provided extensive training in USDA methods for market analysis, and has helped Chinese counterparts to establish a domestic reporting system, which is 
currently in operation. Funded and implemented by 
Department of Agriculture.  China (P.R.C.)  31,219 
 
       
U.S. - China 
Biotechnology Working Group II  This annual meeting serves as a forum to expand 
discussions on agricultural biotechnology, namely 
biosafety regulation coordination, information 
exchange and technical capacity building between both China (P.R.C.)  4,468 TN/TF/W/151 
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countries. In addition to the high-level meetings that 
occurred in China and the U.S., both sides gathered for technical workshops in Hawaii and Shanghai to discuss risk assessment for cotton and rice. This program is 
coordinated by the Inte rnational Cooperation and 
Development Division and the Foreign Agricultural Service Biotechnology Group, in conjunction with the Emerging Markets Office. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  
 
       
U.S. - China 
Biotechnology Technical 
Working Group This annual meeting serves as a forum to expand 
discussions on agricultural biotechnology, namely 
biosafety regulation coordination, information 
exchange and technical capacity building between both 
countries. In addition to the high-level meetings that occurred in China and the U.S., both sides gathered for technical workshops in Hawaii and Shanghai to discuss risk assessment for cotton and rice. This program is coordinated by the Inte rnational Cooperation and 
Development Division and the Foreign Agricultural 
Service Biotechnology Group, in conjunction with the Emerging Markets Office. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  China (P.R.C.)  3,001 
 
       
Colombia 
Forestry Development 
Program  The program will expand the production of marketable 
and profitable forest products and increase incomes throughout the forestry sector in Colombia, providing 
alternative sources of income  to the rural communities 
where forestry activities are centered, as well as improving or creating more  integrated production 
chains. One of the main goals of the Colombia Forestry Development Program is to assist the private commercial forestry sector to improve efficiency 
through better technology, u tilization of raw materials, 
and knowledge of their markets for their products. Four main thematic areas: (1) forest policy improvement, (2) support of the forestry initiative in Plan Colombia, (3) improve production and income 
generation in the forestry sector and, (4) create a 
forestry development fund to assist in work plans, marketing and feasibility studies. In 2006, this activity contributed to having a new Colombian Forestry law approved. Funded and implemented by Colombia  460,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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USAID/Colombia.  
 
       
Support for 
Commercial Forestry (MIDAS) in Colombia  One of the main goals of the Más Inversión para el 
Desarrollo Alternativo Sostenible (MIDAS) activity is significant job creation and increased licit incomes, including through the development of sustainable forest products businesses. The overall strategy is to improve the legal, regulatory, and institutional 
environment. The activity will stimulate proposals 
from potentially viable customer groups in high potential sub-sectors and geographic areas, developing the best into business plans and providing technical and financial support necessary to make the businesses 
successful and sustainable. Strategic pillars of this 
approach: (1) strengthen local capacity to offer long-term loans to private forest ry companies, (2) encourage 
social responsibility principles and environmentally responsible practices in pr oduction and, (3) concentrate 
efforts on business creation leading to value-added 
products, including product branding. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  736,214 
 
       
Agribusiness 
Program in Colombia (MIDAS)  One component of the Más Inversión para el 
Desarrollo Alternativo Sostenible (MIDAS) program. Aim is to help Colombian agricultural producers and others involved in illicit products shift into legal 
activities. The project is designed to provide 
responsible, larger and new Colombian agribusinesses 
with an effective combination of financial, training and technical support services to help them develop new or significantly expanded businesses that will increase and sustain income opportunities in or near areas where illicit crops are produced. The project will 
provide: (1) pre-implementation technical assistance 
and training needed to produce commercially viable business plans, (2) linkages with other sources of development and implem entation support, (3) 
reimbursement of technical assistance and training to 
support project implementation, and (4) up-front 
financial assistance to facilitate project design, loan approvals and implem entation. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  9,234,155 
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Establishment 
of an SME Risk Capital Fund in Colombia  The purpose of the financial and technical support is 
the establishment of a small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) risk capital fund in Colombia and the utilization of the fund to channel medium and long-
term financial capital and management and technology 
transfer expertise to high-potential Colombian SMEs. The fund would thus be expected play a critical role in providing an ample source of equity and subordinated debt investments in high-potential SMEs that would 
otherwise lack access to sustainable market-
based 
financing. The activity successfully established the first SME Risk Capital Fund in Colombia, which was capitalized at approx. $17 million with majority funding from private Colombian pension and insurance companies. In addition, the activity supported critical 
regulatory reforms required to  facilitate private pension 
/ insurance fund investment in  private equity funds. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  600,000 
 
       
Support for 
Specialty Coffee Exports in Colombia  The Specialty Coffee Program works with small coffee 
producers in Colombia to reduce coca and poppy cultivation by increasing the production of exportable specialty coffees and, as a result, increasing their incomes. Through technical assistance, training, 
improved processing at the farm level, and marketing, 
the program helps small coffee growers produce specialty coffees that generate premium revenues. This partnership project has leveraged more than US$8 million in private investment for coffee activities. Over 
6,600 families have benef ited, over 12,500 hectares of 
licit crops have been supported, and over 700 hectares of illicit crops (coca and popp y) have been manually 
eradicated. In addition, over 17,000 full-time jobs and over $28 million in sales have been generated. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  800,000 
 
       
Colombian 
Agribusiness 
Partnership 
Program (CAPP)  The Colombian Agricultural Partnership Program 
(CAPP) assists agribusinesses primarily by identifying 
qualified private sector partners, the careful evaluation 
of proposed projects, and the application of mechanisms for assistance tailored specifically to Colombia  3,510,400  TN/TF/W/151 
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requirements of the project. Each activity must have a 
technical assistance package managed by the CAPP enterprise at the producer level and every other level to ensure products are handled properly. While all CAPP 
activities must be market driven, technical assistance 
must be provided to ensure that the most efficient, and therefore profitable, business operations are established. A total of 34 agribusiness projects totaling $204 million have been approved for implementation, with a total U.S. Agency for International 
Development (USAID) contribution of only $24 
million. The number of hectares of licit crops supported is 24,000, and th e number of rural families 
impacted is 8,620. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  
 
       
Colombian 
Enterprise Development 
(CED) Program  The Colombian Enterprise Develop (CED) program 
rapidly and effectively provides integrated assistance to small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in 
secondary cities. It organizes SMEs through market-
enhancing interventions b ased on international best 
practices, identifies markets, creates integrated 
business development services, and is establishing a 
financial services clearinghouse. CED has established 
a national network of operators who have evaluated 
over 1,100 projects and is currently assisting 993 SMEs at a cost of roughly $3 million. Investments to date will generate 7,000 new jobs in secondary cities. 
CED has closely coordinated with commercial banks 
to promote its program and to encourage bank 
customers to actively participate in SME expansion. CED has trained local consulting firms to increase their capacity to perform business expansion plans. The SMEs provide 50 percent of the cost of preparing the business expansion plans. Funded and implemented 
by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  27,900 
 
       
Aid to Artisans 
in Colombia  The goal of the program is to create licit employment, 
enterprises, and income opportunities for Colombian 
artisans. Specific objectives are to: (1) strengthen the local capacity of artisans to produce marketable goods that generate increased orders, (2) strengthen business skills and organizations to enhance the ability of Colombia  800,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Colombian artisans and artisan- based enterprises to 
improve production capacity  and quality, negotiate 
global markets, and establish and maintain strong 
business relationships with clients, (3) develop 
domestic and international markets and promote 
Colombia as a source of innovative, high-quality handmade products among buyers, (4) increase income for 2,000 artisan households, and (5) generate $1.75 million in sales during the project and an additional $3.8 million in the four years following the end of the 
project in 2007. To date, the program has benefited 
over 1,650 families by improving product quality and increasing sales. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  
 
       
Key Trade and 
Investment Policies Reformed in the 
Dominican 
Republic  This activity assists the Dominican Republic in 
improving the business climat e, developing policies 
supportive of free trade and a competitive environment, aiding the DR in trade negotiations, the 
administration of trade agreements and a smooth 
transition to free and open trade. Activities have included: (1) protection of unprotected tourism areas, (2) drafting laws for international arbitration, competition policy, bankruptcy, WTO-compatible free 
trade zones, and fair trade practices for perishable 
products, (3) providing macroeconomic policy support, mainly in trade policy, (4) reducing the time it takes to register a business, (5) analyzing the impact of CAFTA-DR on the manufacturing sector, (6) 
developing regulations to control fruit flies in mango 
producing areas, and (7) modifying laws and regulations to comply with CAFTA-DR commitments. Expected results include expanded foreign direct investment, trade, and job creation. Funded and implemented by USAID/Dominican Republic.  Dominican 
Republic  280,564 
 
       
Regional 
Agricultural 
Trade 
Expansion Support Program (RATES)  The Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Support 
(RATES) Program is a USAID Regional Economic 
Service Office for East and Southern Africa 
(USAID/REDSO/ESA) activity whose main objective is to increase the volume and value of trade in selected agricultural commodities. In order to respond to trade constraints affecting selected commodity value-chains Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  1,951,524  TN/TF/W/151 
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and those affecting agricultural trade in general, 
REDSO/ESA is using a hub-and-satellite approach aimed at enhancing trade efficiency and competitiveness. Regional trade in the five 
commodities that RATES is focusing on has helped 
increase trade in specialty coffee exports by 15 percent, inter regional trade in maize/grain increased from $32 million to $47 million, cotton by 86 percent, and dairy products by 179 percent from 2001 baseline figures. In addition, private sector institutions have 
been established for all the five commodities to 
facilitate trade and ensure sustainability. Funded and implemented by USAID/REDSO.  
 
       
East and 
Central Africa Trade Hub (ECA Trade Hub)  In October 2001, President Bush announced the Trade 
for African Development and Enterprise (TRADE) Initiative to assist African businesses to take better advantage of AGOA. In order to foster and advocate public/private dialogue under the TRADE Initiative, to 
assist with needed policy and regulatory changes, and 
to facilitate transactions, USAID created three regionally-
based global trade competitiveness hubs. 
The purpose of this activity is to reinforce regional efforts to enhance the trade competitiveness of East 
and Central Africa and thereby take greater advantage 
of the increased trading opportunities provided by the Africa Growth and Opport unity Act (AGOA) and other 
global trade initiatives. The East and Central Africa region (ECA) has the potential to enhance its economic 
growth prospects and therefore improve the lives of the 
majority of its people through increased trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/REDSO.  Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  621,400 
 
       
Common 
Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)  The Strategic Objective Grant Agreement (SOAG) 
between the Common Market for Eastern and Southern 
Africa (COMESA) and USAID/East Africa is helping the region achieve regional food security by focusing on improving management capacity of selected 
regional organizations, increasing regional trade, 
disseminating improved technologies and best practices, increasing networking, and harmonizating regional policies on trade, telecommunications, agriculture, gender, and environment. Funded and Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  111,500 TN/TF/W/151 
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implemented by USAID/REDSO.  
 
       
Competitiveness 
Pilot Project Component in Ecuador  For a demonstration effect, this pilot activity supports 
linkages among industries to enhance competitiveness in the production and service sectors, such as the leather industry in two major secondary cities in Ecuador. A U.S. broker was brought in to evaluate the feasibility of expanding leather exports to the United 
States. As a result of this assistance, the broker 
contacted a buyer in the United States who will purchase 10,000 hand bags and 5,000 hats on a monthly basis from these Ecuadorian firms. This represents approximately $9 million dollars in exports 
in year one and a gradual increase to about $35 million 
annually in five years, wh ich adds micro and small 
businesses to this particular value chain. Currently 
there are 39 businesses in the value chain. The pilot activity has also supported 26 agribusiness producers with technical assistance to form a trading company to 
share a distribution warehouse in the United States. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Ecuador.  Ecuador  193,000 
 
       
Assistance for 
Customs and Trade Facilitation Project  This activity targets all aspects of trade capacity 
building including customs, trade policy, trade 
facilitation, inspection, import and export procedures, trade agreements, competitiveness, and port services. Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  1,125,000 
 
       
Information 
Communication Technology - 
Egypt  The purpose of this activity is to establish the legal and 
regulatory framework necessary to strengthen e-commerce and information and communication 
technology. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  1,000,000 
 
       
Aromatics 
Complex Project  The Trade and Development Agency awarded this 
grant to the Egyptian Petrochemicals Holding Company, part of the Egyptian Petroleum Ministry, to Egypt  430,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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fund the cost of a Feasibility Study (FS) on the 
establishment of a world scale aromatics complex capable of producing petrochemical feedstock for downstream manufacturing activities in Egypt. The FS 
will analyze the technical, financial, and economic 
aspects of developing a greenfield petrochemical plant to produce Para Xylene and Benzene using Naphtha (light gasoline) feedstock from local Egyptian refineries. The project would leverage the favorable position of Egypt in feedstock, energy, and 
geographical location, to establish a domestic aromatic 
chemicals industry to attract further investments from the private sector. This project would support export promotion and technology transfer. This project will also assist Egyptian physical infrastructure 
development by increasing the manufacturing capacity 
of the country. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  
 
       
USAID Export 
Promotion Program - Phase II  The Export Promotion Program Phase II, formerly 
known as ExproTech, ahs started to continue working with Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), the private sector, business associations and the Government of El Salvador (GOES) to strengthen 
business capacity and compe titiveness, promote access 
to markets, increase sales and jobs, and expand access to appropriate technologies.  Funded and implemented 
by USAID/El Salvador.  El Salvador  2,798,000 
 
       
USAID Artisan 
Development Program  This intervention is helping to increase employment 
and income for artisan entrepreneurs by enhancing their capacity to produce and market crafts, and increasing their access to markets. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/El Salvador.  El Salvador  600,000 
 
       
Agricultural 
Cooperatives in 
Ethiopia  The program aims to contribute to increasing incomes 
for rural households in Ethiopia by enhancing the 
capacity of agricultural cooperatives. The six-year program has led to many accomplishments since its inception. It has supported several commodity chains Ethiopia  210,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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(coffee, cereals, oilseeds, sugarcane, dairy), developed 
a two-tiered cooperative structure, enhanced organizational business skills of cooperative members, managers, and board member s, linked cooperatives to 
private businesses, credit providers, and markets, and 
supported value-added processing. The program also assisted in improving coffee quality, linked coffee producers to higher price specialty markets, supported coffee certification (organic and fair trade), and sponsored international cooperative coffee 
competitions and internet auctions. As a result of the 
program, smallholder farmers were able to access inputs at lower prices, sell their products at higher prices, and provide other services to members. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  
 
       
Growing 
Ethiopian Markets  Description: The program provides technical 
assistance, capacity building, and related support to 
businesses, cooperatives, industry/trade associations, 
chambers of commerce, and advocacy groups for 
women to improve productivity and product quality, provide access to new markets, and enhance business and trade competitiveness. The program has already realized several accomplishments. For example, 
industry associations, chambers of commerce, and 
women-focused business groups have all been strengthened as a result of the activity. Participants have also been introduced to improved production technologies, such as water efficient coffee pulping 
equipment and better hides and skins processing 
technologies. Several coffee producers are receiving assistance on certification of organic forest coffee, as well as trademark registration assistance. The program has also supported several trade missions to export markets, such as Botswana, China, Japan, Korea, the 
Middle East, and the U.S. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  280,000 
 
       
Ethiopia - 
African Growth Opportunity Act  USAID/Ethiopia is helping Ethiopian businesses link 
to and benefit from U.S. market opportunities under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) by providing business development services to companies and by providing information and capacity building Ethiopia  350,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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support to businesses, industry associations, women-
focused business groups, and chambers of commerce. These efforts have helped Ethiopia become eligible for the Category 9 provision under AGOA. Many other 
accomplishments have been achieved: women-owned 
firms have -- for the first time -- exported 100 Ethiopian hand-made woven products to the U.S., AGOA-eligible apparel export to the U.S. increased by300 percent from 2002 to 2005, expatriate commodity specialists provided company-specific technical 
assistance to 32 enterprises, an office was opened 
within the Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce to provide export trade support and AGOA information dissemination, and over 250 small and medium sized enterprises were trained on AGOA.. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  
 
       
Agribusiness 
and Trade 
Expansion  The program, awarded in April 2006, will support 
business and market development for high growth 
potential sectors (i.e., coffee, fruits/vegetables, 
oilseeds, hides/skins, and leather products). It will support the development of an Ethiopian commodity exchange and warehouse receipts system. It will enhance the capacity of farmers (small-holder and 
commercial), agroprocessors, industry associations and 
cooperatives in the areas of production, processing, post-harvest handling, and marketing. It will facilitate access by enterprises to operational and investment credit from USAID Development Credit Authority 
(DCA) loan guarantees and other sources. It will also 
identify and promote policy changes where needed to enhance business and trade competitiveness. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  1,600,000 
 
       
Sanitary 
Phytosanitary Standards and Livestock and 
Meat 
Marketing  The program is developing an internationally credible 
program for certifying that Ethiopian meat and livestock exports carry no risk of transboundary diseases. It is helping to increase production of export 
quality meat and supports market analysis and market 
development. Accomplishments have been realized since the inception of the program: trade missions were conducted to several Middle East countries to develop new market links and develop protocols on Ethiopia  700,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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sanitary/phytosanitary standards (SPS) requirements, 
assessments were completed on abattoir processing operations and feedlot management, and SPS-related capacity building was further enhanced in Ethiopia. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  
 
       
Pastoralist 
Livelihoods 
Initiative  This program supports livest ock market development 
in pastoralist areas in three regions of Ethiopia. 
Achievements continue to be realized: (1) 
improvements are being made in the design and contracting for infrastructure improvements at 12 market facility sites, (2) assessments were conducted for livestock value chains, (3) market linkages are 
being facilitated between p astoralists and livestock 
traders and abattoirs, (4) credit is provided for emergency commercial livestock marketing in pastoralist areas impacted by drought, (5) livestock fattening operations are being promoted to increase marketability and value of livestock from pastoralist 
areas, (6) a biweekly livestock market information 
bulletin was created, (7) cross border trade of live 
animals is being facilitated, and (8) an agreement was reached by Government of Ethiopia to establish a fund for emergency livestock offtake. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  600,000 
 
       
Support Added 
Value 
Enterprises in Agriculture (AgVANTAGE)  The AgVANTAGE program supports expanded 
production and export sales of value-added agricultural 
products and provides advisory support to the Ministry of Agriculture. The project provides technical assistance (TA) to agricultural producers to: support marketing plans/strategies for Georgian enterprises, link Georgian suppliers with potential buyers, establish 
market information systems to provide timely price 
information and a web-
based platform for offers and 
bids, and introduce improved packaging practices. 
AgVANTAGE also provides TA and training support for customs officials related to the new Law on Food 
Safety and Quality. TA is provided to Georgian 
enterprises in business planning, feasibility analysis and financial modeling. AgVANTAGE advisors also supported the drafting of the recently adopted Law on Food Safety and Quality which establishes a legal Georgia  390,600  TN/TF/W/151 
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framework consistent with WTO requirements. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Georgia.  
 
       
Private Sector 
Competitiveness The Private Sector Competitiveness program focuses 
on improving a broad array of macroeconomic, trade and factor market policies, as well as regulatory frameworks to increase the competitiveness of the Ghanaian private sector. Consisting of two main 
components, (A) strengthening the policy and 
regulatory enabling environment of Ghana, and (B) an export business development component, the program has led to several achievements. One success includes the provision of technical and financial assistance from 
the USAID Trade and Investment Program for a 
Competitive Export Economy (TIPCEE) to a local pineapple concentrate provider. With the assistance of the program, the firm will provide over 500 metric tons of pineapple concentrate in 2007 to a major drinks producer in Nigeria. The program has also assisted 
local farmers to meet international quality standards: 
several papaya farmers were--for the first time--able to export over 12 metric tons of fruit to Europe. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ghana.  Ghana  340,946 
 
       
Business 
Growth Initiative  The Business Growth Initiative (BGI) Project will 
assist USAID missions on strategies, project designs, evaluations, and resolving implementation issues on 
enterprise development projects. It will encourage best 
practices and conduct activities to both further understanding and disseminate lessons learned in enterprise development. Many BGI activities will result in increased international trade, both regional and international. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/EGAT/EG.  Global ns  150,000 
 
       
Support for the 
International 
Trade Centre (ITC)  The U.S. contributes regularly to the International 
Trade Center (ITC) which is engaged in trade related 
capacity building issues. The ITC is the technical cooperation agency of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Global ns  4,824,899 TN/TF/W/151 
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Trade Organization (WTO) for operational, enterprise-
oriented aspects of trade development. ITC supports developing and transition ec onomies, and particularly 
their business sector, in their efforts to realize their full 
potential for developing e xports and improving import 
operations. ITC technical assistance concentrates on: (1) helping businesses understand WTO rules, (2) strengthening enterprise competitiveness, and (3) developing new trade promotion strategies. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  
 
       
Greater Access 
to Trade 
Expansion 
(GATE)  The Greater Access to Trade Expansion (GATE) 
project will enhance existing USAID trade and 
economic growth activities by helping missions 
address gender considerations in their programming efforts. The project will assess how international trade and economic policies impact poor men and women. Building on these impact assessments, the GATE team will work with Missions to design programs that 
expand areas of opportunity and reduce adverse effects 
for poor women and men. GATE project activities include performing gender and social impact assessments of trade policies and/or export-driven industries, value chain analyses of export commodities 
to increase low-income opportunities to gain from 
export-led growth, design of gender-equitable trade interventions and training that can be replicated elsewhere by USAID, and research to better understand the gender implica tions of macroeconomic 
policies and development of interventions to mitigate 
negative impacts. Funded and implemented by USAID/EGAT/WID.  Global ns  310,000 
 
       
Agriculture and 
Agribusiness Development in Guatemala  This rural sector activity will have these technical 
assistance components, among others: training to producers and producer organizations to improve the quantity, quality, and product safety of selected non-traditional agricultural products, including specialty 
coffee facilitating the formation and consolidation of 
market-oriented farmer organizations encouraging adoption of good agricultural practices, food safety, and norms and standards (both private and public) and, working with municipal governments and local Guatemala  200,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to implement 
sustainable management practices in agricultural land and forests, such as payments for environmental services such as payments by =downstream| 
beneficiaries of watersheds  to =upstream| communities 
that maintain the watershed. Target beneficiaries include small-scale commercial producers, producer associations, farmers, and non-farm rural enterprises. Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  
 
       
Agriculture and 
Agri-business Development in 
Guatemala  In response to the strategy of the Government of 
Guatemala, Vamos Guatemala,  this activity will work 
with small-scale commercial producers, producer 
associations, farmers, and non-farm rural enterprises 
transitioning to market-oriented commercial production. It will provide technical assistance: (1) and training to improve the quantity, quality, and product safety of selected non-traditional agricultural products, including specialty coffee (2) to facilitate formation 
and consolidation of ma rket-oriented farmer 
organizations (3) to encour age and support adoption of 
good agricultural practices, food safety, and norms and standards (both private and public) and, (4) to implement sustainable management practices in 
agricultural land and forests management, such as 
implementing payments for environmental services such as payments by downstream beneficiaries of watersheds to upstream communities that maintain the watershed. Funded a nd implemented by 
USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  200,000 
 
       
Forestry 
Development 
and 
Certification in Guatemala  In response to Guate-Verde and Guate-Crece, the 
environmental and economic  development components 
of the strategy of the Government of Guatemala, this 
activity will work in the Multiple Use and Buffer Zones of the Mayan Biosphere Reserve and forest areas managed in the Guatemalan highlands. The project will focus on forestry activities that incorporate 
sustainable natural and cultural resource use and 
management concepts in cluster development. The activity provides technical assistance and training to improve and increase: (1) business organization and administration (2) forest management and road Guatemala  50,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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planning (3) forest certification (4) access to higher-
value markets for certified timber, especially lesser-known species and, (5) collaboration with commercial partners and strategi c alliances. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  
 
       
Strengthen 
Competitiveness 
of Guatemala 
Business and Products  The objective of this activity is to promote the creation 
of supply chain alliances that linked Guatemalan 
producers in the agribusiness, forestry, tourism and 
handicraft sectors directly or indirectly with national and international buyers. As  result, new Guatemalan 
producers can be incorporated into the market economy and export process. The activity contributes 
to the objectives of the development strategy of the 
Government of Guatemala, Vamos Guatemala. Among other components, this activity has linked producers located in indigenous rural areas to potential clients and buyers both domestic and international accompanied producer groups during the negotiation 
stages with the buyers until final agreements are 
reached and signed designed investment plans to create alliances and define the financing scheme and, provided follow-on suppor t to existing alliances. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  280,000 
 
       
Guinea 
Agricultural 
Market 
Linkages Activity  The primary objective of the Guinea Agricultural 
Market Linkages Activity (GAMLA) is to increase 
market-driven production, processing, and sales of 
selected agricultural and forest products. Secondary objectives include the identification of longer term opportunities for agribusiness development in Guinea, the identification of key policy constraints to agribusiness development, and the identification of 
water technologies that can boost rural income 
generation. By creating additional economic opportunities in rural-
based value chains, Guinean 
farmers will be motivated to manage their resource 
base in a more sustainable manner. Among many other 
accomplishments, the project has (1) provided samples 
of shea butter for product analysis, which will provide a baseline for shea butter quality parameters, and (2) created two databases that contain a list of local and international buyers and a list of packaging suppliers Guinea  1,500,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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able to comply with exporting regulations. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Guinea.  
 
       
Strengthening 
Environment for Sustained Growth of Exports in 
Guyana  The activity strengthens the environment for the 
sustained growth of value-added and non-traditional exports by: (1) building the capacity of trade policy institutions, and (2) enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises in the agro-pro cessing, fisheries, tourism 
and wood products sectors/c lusters. To date, the 
activity has: (1) completed a National Investment Guide which the government is using to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), (2) provided training for and established testing facilities for meat products and 
peanuts, paving the way for potential exports of these 
products for the first time, (3) helped the conclusion of several new multi-million dollar contracts involving local sawmills and international buyers as a result of participation in the International Wood Products Association (IWPA) Fair, and (4) mounted a national 
Caribbean Community and Common Market 
(CARICOM) Community Awareness Program (CSME). Funded and implemented by USAID/Guyana.  Guyana  792,000 
 
       
Trade, 
Investment, and Competitiveness 
(TIC) Policy 
Support  Program technical approach includes three 
components: (1) the creation of a Policy Analyses and Recommendations (PAR) Unit which will focus its 
research and analysis in trade, investment, and 
competitiveness issues to formulate policies for the Government (2) full time advisors supported by the PAR unit to the Economic Cabinet and, (3) training and technical assistance to other government institutions, the private sector, and civil society to 
enhance their capacity to take full advantage of the 
opportunities offered by FTAs, and to comply with regulations stipulated und er CAFTA. Program helps 
train customs officials in compliance related to CAFTA and the area of sanitary and phyto-sanitary 
(SPS) standards. Among the main accomplishments to 
date are five study reports on key issues. Two of these have been used by the new government in shaping energy generation policies and in new statutes for hiring health service and educational professionals. Honduras  100,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Funded and implemented by USAID/Honduras.  
 
       
Agricultural 
Biotechnology Training Program  This grant for an agricultural biotechnology training 
program for Indian officials will support training for Indian regulators and scientists on a variety of agricultural-
biotechnology issues. Funded and 
implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  India  250,000 
 
       
India: Building 
Analytic Capacity and 
Linkages  The Economic Research Service, part of the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture (USDA), completed analysis of market and trade conditions (e.g. poultry, 
pulses, apples) and provides ongoing analysis of 
agricultural policy, investment in and liberalization of Indian agribusiness and biotechnology regulation. Training on the use of the GTAP (Global Trade Analysis Project) model was also provided. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture.  India  26,401 
 
       
Competitiveness 
Clusters 
Developed in 
Jamaica  Recognizing that country competitiveness determines 
prosperity, and that competitiveness is determined by 
the ability of firms to provide unique products and 
services to customers, this activity focuses on competitive industries as the principal framework for industry sector and firm level assistance aimed at improving competitiveness. Activities are concentrated 
in three clusters (tourism, business management, 
entertainment and culture) and include technical assistance to facilitate the development of public/private partnerships and private sector partnerships throughout the value chain of firms, with the objective of generating networking benefits and 
enhancing the productivity of clusters. This technical 
assistance also includes, at the firm level, training in 
business management and technical skills assistance 
with the making of market linkages and joint procurements. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  30,000 
 
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Rural 
Enterprise Agriculture and Community 
Tourism 
(REACT)  The Rural Enterprise, Ag riculture and Community 
Tourism (REACT) activity provides technical assistance and/or grant funding to: (1) Private sector organizations (such as the Jamaica Manufacturers 
Association, Unique Jamaica, Jamaica Hotel Tourist 
Association, and Jamaica Exporters Association) that represent and facilitate exporters in the agriculture and tourism sectors to improve business networks and skills of business people, by improving their ability to deliver timely and effective services to members. (2) 
Jamaican horticultural and poultry farmers, as well as 
input suppliers, to improve their output quantity and quality, and level of compliance to Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). (3) Tourism accommodation and attraction operators and small craft producers to 
improve the quality of their products and services and 
increasing their competitiveness, while preserving the environment. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  13,781 
 
       
Business 
Environment Improved in Jamaica  One principal aim of the business environment activity 
is the creation of opportunities for small- and medium-sized firms in the tourism, agribusiness and entertainment and culture clusters, with further 
emphases on the underserved sub-sectors. Technical 
assistance focuses on investing in human capital with targeted training interventions  that are driven by the 
needs of the clusters an d the community, so as to 
develop skill sets that are immediately marketa
ble. 
This activity will also create a more enabling business 
environment through targeted private sector driven interventions in the regulatory processes that affect 
businesses, for example through the preparation of a 
Developers Manual, and thr ough a series of workshops 
that will help small, medium and micro enterprises 
access financing. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  6,000 
 
       
Oil Shale 
Resources Development  This grant to the Jordanian Ministry of Planning and 
International Cooperation, acting through the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, will fund the cost of Technical Assistance (TA) related to the development of oil shale resources in Jo rdan. The objective of the Jordan  124,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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TA is to analyze the current state of shale oil extraction 
and recovery technologies and to apply the best international expertise to the development of a shale oil industry in Jordan. The establishment of a 
Jordanian oil shale sector would significantly reduce 
the reliance of the country on imported oil, spur economic development in its rural regions, and create 
opportunities for employment. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  
 
       
Business 
Development Center - Jordan  The activity provides firm-level assistance to firms in 
Jordan to help them cope with the integration of Jordan into the global economy. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  200,000 
 
       
Enterprise 
Development 
Project  This activity includes enterprise improvement services, 
regional trade promotion (RTP), accounting reform, 
and a quality management center (QMC). (1) 
Enterprise improvement services provides SMEs with consulting services and manager advisors assist SMEs 
by helping create and implement strategies to resolve 
growth challenges. (2) RTP assists the development of 
Central Asia by promoting SME trade. (3) Accounting 
reform assistance provides guidance covering the components of a global accounting framework, such as financial and management  accounting standards, a 
code of ethics, formation of professional associations, 
and administration of exams. (4) The QMC promotes 
the benefits of quality management and assists companies with International Standards Organization 9001-2000 implementation and certification. Over the past two years, 496 clients have been assisted with cumulative sales exceeding $560 million, orequivalent 
to 1.4 percent of the $40.7 billion GDP of Kazakhstan. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kazakhstan  180,000 
 
       
North Eastern 
Pastoral Development The North Eastern Pastoral Development Program 
(NEPDP) aims to increase incomes of pastoralists in the North Eastern Province of Kenya by focusing on Kenya  93,750  TN/TF/W/151 
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Program 
(NEPDP)  constraints to livestock trade. The program supports 
development and strengtheni ng of local and national 
level livestock trade commissions, provides animal health services that are required for domestic 
movement and international export of livestock, and 
provides limited support to market infrastructural development to enhance livestock trade. Trade associations are being strengthened in business services and trade capabilities. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  
 
       
Kenya 
Horticultural 
Development 
Program (KHDP)  The goal of the Kenya Horticultural Development 
Program (KHDP) is to increase incomes of 35,000 
smallholders. This is addressed through three major 
components: (1) EUREPGAP (a private sector body that sets voluntary standards for the certification of agricultural products) and product traceability, (2) growth of local markets, and (3) new product development for smallholder producers. The program 
supports development and use of market information, 
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), and increases the use of integrated pest management regimes to decrease pesticide use levels. It also increases access of small farmer to technologies that 
will increase their ability to  trade internationally, 
regionally and domestically. To date out of 50,000 outgrowers, 903 small farmers have been certified under EUREPGAP standards and 15,000 are in progress. The volume and value of domestic and 
export trade increased by 19.2 percent and 55 percent, 
respectively over 2004. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  80,000 
 
       
Kenya Dairy 
Development Program (KDDP)  The dairy program, through a market-driven 
production system, aims to increase milk demand and improve efficiencies and benefits to participants in the value chain--from farmers to consumers. Proposed interventions will improve the efficiency and benefits 
along the four key stages of the value chain: 
production, processing, marketing/trade, and consumption. Farmer or ganizations and human 
resources capacity will be strengthened to lead to increased and sustainable benefits. The trade Kenya  60,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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component in the program is expected to increased 
agricultural trade through creating a policy environment that promotes trade and competition. Improved performance of agricultural marketing 
systems improved delivery of services necessary to 
facilitate agricultural trade.  To date, dairy products 
grew by 35 percent in volume while value grew by 29 percent. Training continues for informal traders to increase product quality, packaging, and diversification. Funde d and implemented by 
USAID/Kenya.  
 
       
Diversification 
of Kenyan 
Exports to U.S. Market under AGOA  This activity assists the Kenyan private sector to take 
advantage of opportunities fo r growth through exports 
under the African Growth and Opportunities Act. Activities under this component include assisting Kenyan exporters to access the U.S. market through implementation of trade promotion activities and building of business-to-
business linkages between 
Kenyan exporters and U.S. importers. The program is 
specifically assisting small, medium, and women-owned enterprises. As a result of USAID assistance, a market valued at $10 million for commercial crafts, leather, coffee and tea h as been secured. Working 
closely with the East Africa-American Business 
Council and University of Georgia, 50 companies producing textiles and appare ls and handicrafts were 
trained on market opportunities in Georgia. In 2005, assistance was provided to ten companies to participate 
at the ASAP Global Sourcing Show in Nevada, 
securing a market valued at $4.5 million. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  300,000 
 
       
Private Sector 
Growth  The accelerated growth program for the private sector 
focuses Mission resources on improving enterprise capacity and business operating conditions as avenues to employment generation and economic efficiency and growth. USAID assistance focuses on creating the 
competitiveness of targeted clusters and enterprises, 
creating efficiencies in the market chain, and improving product quality while containing costs. A second focus is improvement of business operating conditions by encouraging th e private sector to work Kosovo  8,500  TN/TF/W/151 
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with government authorities to create a favorable 
business environment in Kosovo. Support is provided 
to municipalities to implement local economic development plans. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Kosovo.  
 
       
Enterprise 
Development 
Project  This activity includes enterprise improvement services, 
regional trade promotion (RTP), and accounting 
reform. (1) Enterprise improvement services provides 
SMEs with consulting services and manager advisors assist SMEs by helping create and implement strategies to resolve growth challenges. (2) RTP assists the development of Centra l Asia by promoting SME 
trade. (3) Accounting reform assistance provides 
guidance covering most of the components of a global accounting framework, such as financial and management accounting standards, a code of ethics, formation of professional associations, and administration of exams. USAID provides firm-level 
consulting to Kyrgyz businesses by offering clients 
specialized services. The sales volume of the 180 clients assisted to date is $ 74 million, or 3.3 percent of 
Kyrgyz GDP. The RTP network helped conduct 86 trade deals worth $7,158,000. The Russian language 
Certified International Pr ofessional Accountant (CIPA) 
Program continued to grow in demand. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kyrgyzstan  80,000 
 
       
Cold Chain 
Improvement Initiative  Twenty-three companies in El Salvador, Colombia, 
and Peru were assessed and audited yielding significant improvements to their operations such as 
better handling practices, product quality, energy 
needs, and facility design and efficiency. Program 
activities were also initiated in Mexico. The project 
activities significantly impact trade capacity building, regional and free trade agreements. For example, in Colombia the project resulted in starting a self-funded and directed Colombia Cold Chain Association, with 
an official signing ceremony on June 16 at the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture conference in Bogota. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Latin America 
and Caribbean ns  28,000 
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Foreign 
Investment Advisory Service - 
Apparel 
Industry  The United States Trade and Development Agency 
(USTDA) is providing a grant to develop a strategy on the implementation of vertical integration of the garment industry in Lesotho. The grant will assist the 
garment producers in Lesotho in identifying other
sourcing for textiles, especially from African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) -complaint suppliers. It will also provide guidance to the Government of Lesotho concerning what policies it should follow in 
order to support the development of a vertically
integrated garment industry. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Lesotho  85,000 
 
       
Seal of Quality 
and Agribusiness Assistance Program  The Macedonia Seal of Quality (SOQ) and 
Agribusiness Assistance Program assists domestic food industries to support the development of branded products that can be sold for premium prices and compete with imports in the increasingly competitive 
Macedonian marketplace. Activities that will 
contribute to building the capacity of the program for sustainability and ensuring its further expansion include: (1) conducting a strategic assessment of the SOQ program and planning for the future handover to the Macedonian food industry, (2) raising products to 
higher levels of quality, thereby increasing sales and 
enhancing their brands, (3) expanding the scope of the SOQ Program to include the fruit and vegetable industries, and possibly other sectors as well. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  284,400 
 
       
e-BIZ Activity  The e-Biz Project is helping small and medium 
enterprises (SMEs) use information and communication technology (ICT) to strengthen their 
businesses. It partners with Macedonian entrepreneurs 
to offer ICT solutions that significantly improve SME competitiveness. To date, seven e-Biz Centers have been created offering many services. Computer-added design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing 
equipment (CAM) based services available include 
CAD for the apparel industry for pattern design, digitizing, grading and pattern making, and CAM Macedonia  429,783  TN/TF/W/151 
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services for apparel manufacturing companies. The 
footwear industry benefits from services including CAD for pattern design and pattern making, digitizing and grading, and CAM services for automated cutting. 
Machine tool companies are provided with services for 
tool design, production design, programming, 3-dimensional modeling, training services and technical support. Many other industries benefit from similar services. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  
 
       
Business 
Environment 
Activity  Based on the conclusions from an Enabling 
Environment Assessment, the Business Environment 
Activity is designed for five priority activities: 
technical assistance supporting public-private dialogue and facilitating trade in g oods and services, legal and 
regulatory framework improvements, public capital investment and decentralization, restructuring of the labor market, and capacity building and cross-cutting 
interventions. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  232,694 
 
       
Macedonian 
Competitiveness II Activity  The overall goal of the USAID Competitiveness II 
Activity is to improve the competitiveness of Macedonia and to increase value-added exports to achieve sustainable economic growth through stimulating investment in  technology, innovation, 
human capacity and strategi c partnerships. The project 
will have several inter-related components and cross-cutting themes. The emphasis throughout the project will be to use innovative and out-of-the-
box 
approaches to achieve signif icant results. The project 
should ensure that the achieved results have a catalytic 
effect on the overall economy. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  740,000 
 
       
Support for 
Agriculturally-Linked Enterprises The primary goal of the Support for Agriculturally-
Linked Enterprises (SALES) activity is to increase rural employment, incomes, investment, and trade in 
Malawi by spurring the growth and competitiveness of Malawi  40,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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(SALES)  private sector agricultural enterprises and clusters. The 
project is expected to result in increased market access and increased ability for firms to find and engage in new markets. The project will achieve these results by 
expanding sales and trading partnerships, assisting 
agribusinesses in identifying and exploiting market niches, facilitating technology transfer, and assisting lobbying efforts of agribusiness to address government constraints that inhibit dom estic sales and exports. As 
of March 2006, nearly 21,000 farmers received SALES 
training or technical assistance, 1,272 new jobs were 
created in the sectors targeted, and the annual volume of exports and value of exports increased 24 and 15 percent, respectively, for t hose enterprises assisted by 
SALES. Funded and implemented by USAID/Malawi. 
 
       
Mali Trade 
Promotion Program  The Mali Trade Promotion Program aims to expand 
access to regional and international markets for selected agricultural products for which Mali has a 
comparative advantage by enhancing commodity value 
chains competitiveness, and by  creating an institutional 
and policy framework conducive to trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mali.  Mali  511,350 
 
       
U.S. Mexico 
White Corn, Dry Bean Trade 
Study  The Economic Research Service, part of the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture, will work with its Mexican counterparts in the Ministry of Agriculture to conduct 
analysis of the white corn and bean market and the 
trade implications of full implementation of the NAFTA agreement affecting these two commodities. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture.  Mexico  20,088 
 
       
Training, 
Internships, Exchanges and 
Scholarships 
(TIES)  The Training, Internship, Exchanges, and Scholarships 
(TIES) Program advances the objective of the Partnership for Prosperity, an initiative of President 
Bush and President Fox. TIES facilitates pursuit of a 
common development agenda between the United States and Mexico by enhancing the capacity of higher education institutions of both nations to examine Mexico  267,282  TN/TF/W/151 
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mutual development problems, work in strategic 
alliances to develop solutions, and create the basis for Mexico to benefit more fully from the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and a planned Free 
Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). The overall TIES 
Program addresses training topics beyond trade-related issues. Only the share of funding for TIES related to TCB is reported in this activity report. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mexico.  
 
       
Economic 
Policy Reform and 
Competitiveness 
Project - Mongolia  The Economic Policy Reform and Competitiveness 
Project (EPRC), conducted by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), works with 
relevant government officials in Mongolia to promote 
macroeconomic policy, energy sector reforms, and public dialogue. The project also includes work with 
businesses to promote their competitiveness in 
international markets. Major successes in the area of trade capacity building include the launching of a 
tourism portal that will make it possible to plan, book, 
and pay for a vacation in Mongolia from anywhere in the world, and facilitating the signing of cashmere production contracts worth over $3 million. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mongolia.  Mongolia  217,742 
 
       
Private sector 
development 
and 
competitiveness  This activity is assisting business support services for 
exporting companies, developing business information 
for export and import markets, and helping to develop 
a competitive work force. Funded and implemented by USAID/Montenegro.  Montenegro  35,728 
 
       
Olive Oil Waste 
Treatment Plan  The United States Trade and Development Agency 
(USTDA) is funding a grant to the Agence Bassin Hydraulique du Sebeu, part of the Moroccan Ministry of Environment and Water, to fund a feasibility study on the treatment of olive oil waste in Morocco. The 
feasibility study will conduct economic, technical, 
financial, and regulatory analyses to develop the most appropriate technical solution for the treatment or elimination of olive oil waste. Proper treatment of Morocco  156,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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olive oil waste will allo w Moroccan olive oil to 
comply with European Union environmental standards, providing continued access to a major market. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency. 
 
       
Morocco New 
Business Opportunities  New Business Opportunities (NBO) is a four-year 
program (2005-2009), financed by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), in 
support of the US-Morocco Free Trade Agreement. 
The objective of the program is to assist Moroccan enterprises in the manufacturing sector take advantage of export opportunities to the US market. NBO will provide technical assistance, training and business 
contacts to Moroccan enterp rises to enable them to 
successfully promote their products in the US market and work with US buyers. This assistance is provided 
both to individual enterprises, selected in the core 
program, as well as to non-selected exporters interested in selling to the US market. The objective of 
NBO is to increase sales, exports and investment and 
thereby generate jobs in Morocco. To meet its goals, 
NBO will function in two broad modules: (1) business development, and (2) public policies and support institutions. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Morocco.  Morocco  5,600,000 
 
       
Morocco Fast 
Track Trade  The objective is to help Moroccan companies to 
identify US business partners and provide advice on 
marketing, packaging, and exportation to the US. The Morocco Fast Track Trade (MFTT) focuses on preparing export-ready Moroccan small- and medium-sized enterprises to take immediate advantage of the free trade agreement, by working with them to 
maximize new trade and investment opportunities 
available to them under the agreement. Assistance includes initiating export sales, acquiring new technology, and developing joint ventures and other 
strategic alliances between  Moroccan companies and 
US firms. Key activities: (1) jump start, accelerate and 
sustain export trade between Moroccan and US companies, (2) project awareness events, (3) engaging the private sector, (4) identifying and capitalizing on high potential US export opportunities, (5) jump Morocco  3,587,706  TN/TF/W/151 
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starting track A firms, (6) assistance for top performing 
track B companies, (7) preparing to access the US market. Funded by Department of State and implemented by USAID/Morocco.  
 
       
Trade Map and 
Product Map - Morocco  Following a request from the Ministry of Foreign 
Trade in which the ministry has requested that the US 
Agency for International Development financing the 
continuation of Moroccan access to the Trade Map and 
Product Map data bases for a year (April 06-March 07). The Ministry has identified an organization, the Moroccan Center for Export Promotion (CMPE), which has the ability both to  administer access to the 
data bases and to collect the fees that would be 
necessary to renew the license on an annual basis. Funded by Department of State and implemented by 
USAID/Morocco.  Morocco  27,000 
 
       
Enhance 
Competitiveness of Export Sector - 
Mozambique  The government of Mozambique will use the funding 
to support the expansion of exports through an effective trade policy and a supportive business environment. Mozambique will try to accomplish these 
goals through education in  trade matters, special 
assistance to overcome market entry barriers to particular markets, (e.g. to help comply with sanitary and phytosanitary issues), and more general development of policies that maximize the growth and 
poverty reduction impact of trade policy. The key will 
be a technical assistance and training package for the 
government of Mozambique, aimed at improving the understanding of trade issues, and the capacity to negotiate and implement co mplex trade agreements. 
The training will assist the government in special trade 
analysis, data collection and the preparation of policy 
and negotiation briefs. Shor t-term training will be 
directed mainly, but not exclusively, at government officials involved in trade decision-making. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Mozambique  945,000 
 
       
Rural Group This activity brings tens of thousands of family Mozambique  560,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Enterprises  farmers into the market economy by helping them to 
organize themselves into business groups/associations that buy and sell products in commercial quantities. This activity also provides the business 
groups/associations with technical assistance to help 
them to meet international quality standards for export, identify markets, and obtain commercial financing. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mozambique.  
 
       
Market Access  USAID provides direct technical assistance to the 
Ministry of Industry and Trade (one long-term adviser supported by short-term technical assistance) as well as various trade-related supports  to other Ministries (e.g. 
Customs) as necessary. USAID/Mozambique, as the 
lead donor for the Integrated Framework (IF) in Mozambique, successfully supported the application of Mozambique to the IF and continues to provide assistance in implementing the IF, including establishing an inter-Ministerial coordination 
mechanism. USAID assistance is expected to lead to 
the integration of a Trade Action Plan into the overall development and poverty reduction strategy of Mozambique. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mozambique.  Mozambique  284,000 
 
       
Enabling 
Environment 
for Exports 
Improved  This activity supports the creation of an enabling 
environment for businesses that facilitates investment 
and exports, contributes to economic growth, and 
reduces poverty. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mozambique.  Mozambique  71,000 
 
       
Business 
Development Services  The Business Development Services program work 
with Mozambican agri-businesses and smallholder farmers to promote the production, processing, and export of agricultural products, including cashew, paprika, pigeon peas, and others. It includes market 
and value-chain analysis as well as technical assistance 
to Mozambican enterprises. Additionally, the program helps Mozambican enterprises to link with potential markets and buyers and to identify sources of Mozambique  300,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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commercial finance. Funde d and implemented by 
USAID/Mozambique.  
 
       
Improved 
Policy Environment - Nepal  The goal of the Improved Policy Environment policy 
program is to enhance and facilitate export promotion, as well as to address policy and administrative constraints related to trade capacity building. This activity also focuses on promoting bilateral and 
multilateral agricultural trade. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Nepal.  Nepal  12,500 
 
       
Compromiso 
Nicaragua - FUNIDES  This project will assist in the development of the 
Fundación Nicaragüense para el Desarollo Economico y Social (FUNIDES), a non-profit organizational model that will provide an independent forum to push forward the execution of policy recommendations. FUNIDES will be responsible for reaching out to 
existing business and civil society associations and 
organizations and integrating them as active collaborators into the COMPROMISO NICARAGUA within a well-defined program of activities. It will foster private/public partnerships to implement 
CAFTA. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Nicaragua.  Nicaragua  400,000 
 
       
Forestry, 
Agriculture, and Tourism Alliance  The project focuses on strengthening the 
competitiveness and sustainability of agriculture and timber operation in these regions. It fosters new investment and trade, while supporting practices that benefit the environment as well as protect the rights and resources of worker s and local communities. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Nicaragua.  Nicaragua  800,000 
 
       
Pakistan 
Initiative for 
Strategic Development The Pakistan Initiative for Strategic Development and 
Competitiveness (PISDAC) project aims at increasing 
the competitiveness of Pakistani small- and medium-sized enterprises. Sectors currently covered under the Pakistan  375,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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and 
Competitiveness project are gems, jewelry, dairy, and marble granite. 
The project has worked with several prominent Pakistani industries and helped form three strategic working groups (SWOGs), which develop sector-
specific strategies. These strategies are aimed at 
upgrading production, improving marketing and trade, as well as understanding a nd meeting consumer 
demand. The project is currently expanding its work into other industry sectors, such as horticulture and furniture. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Pakistan.  
 
       
Beyond the 
Veil: The 
Embroidery Value Chain in Pakistan  The project is working with rural female embroiderers, 
linking them to agents, who are in turn selling to urban 
and export markets. Funded by USAID/EGAT/PR and implemented by .  Pakistan  120,000 
 
       
Assessment of 
Proposed Reconstruction Opportunity 
Zones - 
Pakistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Pakistani officials make informed decisions on the possible scope for Reconstruction Opportunity Zones (ROZs) with the view of implementing the program
through legislation to be introduced in 2007. President 
Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that the United States would seek legislation to create ROZs in vital areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Goods produced within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-free if 
imported directly. Although there will certainly be 
differences, the Qualifying Industrialized Zone (QIZ) program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan presents an example of how ROZs might function in developing and further promoting regi onal economic integration. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/ANE.  Pakistan  70,000 
 
       
Mission-funded 
Assessment of 
Reconstruction 
Opportunity Zones - Pakistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Pakistani officials make informed decisions on the 
possible scope for the Reconstruction Opportunity 
Zones (ROZs) with the view of implementing the program through legislation to be introduced in 2007. President Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that Pakistan  75,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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the United States would seek legislation to create 
ROZs in vital areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Goods produced within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-free if imported directly. Although there will 
certainly be differences, the Qualifying Industrialized 
Zone (QIZ) program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan presents an example of how ROZs might function in developing and further pr omoting regional economic 
integration. Funded by USAID/Pakistan and implemented by USAID/ANE.  
 
       
Trade Capacity 
Building in 
Panama  The Trade Capacity Building (TCB) project 
implements and operates an assistance window that 
builds upon previous activities to help enhance export 
capacity and competitiveness of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The facility works with the private sector with support from the Government of Panama. Results to date include: (1) shrimp, dairy and teak market reports, (2) guide on e-tourism, (3) reports 
on food safety for export, and on competitiveness, (4) 
technical assistance window for SMEs, a manual for the operation of the window, and three launching events to promote it, (5) established process for selecting proposals to receive technical assistance, and 
selected 24 proposals after receiving 54, (9) initiated 
development of individual project strategies and budgets for 24 projects, and (10) initiated process for collecting company contributions and managing the cost-sharing component of the project. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Panama.  Panama  138,600 
 
       
Paraguay 
Poverty 
Reduction 
Program (Paraguay Vende)  The Paraguay Poverty Reduction Program (Paraguay 
Vende) consists of technical assistance to individual 
firms to increase sales and generate employment. The 
approach is demand driven and transactional. Funds are used to foster leg itimate commerce and export-
oriented business on the border with Brazil. In the Ciudad Del Este region, in formal and illegal activities 
feed corruption and discourage investments. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Paraguay.  Paraguay  435,000 
 
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Paraguay 
Threshold Program: Promoting 
Investment in 
Maquila Activity  This activity is intended to  support the Maquila (duty-
free assembly and re-expor t) and to provide a 
legitimate alternative to black market activities. 
Maquilas are businesses with low cost structures, 
simplified businesses processes, and international 
customers. This activity will help formalize the registration process of business in the tri-state region (border where Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay meet) through the Maquila regime. Funded by Millennium Challenge Corporation and implemented by 
USAID/Paraguay.  Paraguay  1,455,874 
 
       
Sociedad 
Minera Cerro 
Verde  The project involves an investment in the copper 
mining industry in Peru for expansion of the Cerro 
Verde mine. The majority of this copper will be exported into world markets. The Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) is providing political risk insurance for the project. Funded and implemented by Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC).  Peru  10,301,117 
 
       
Programa 
Integral para el 
Desarrollo del 
Cafe  Programa Integral para el Desarrollo del Café 
(PIDECAFE) will coordinate the delivery of training, 
technical assistance, post-harvest processing, 
marketing services and citizenship exercises to approximately 760 farm fa milies and their collective 
associations within a regional development program to market organic cacao and granulated brown sugar. 
Funded and implemented by Inter American 
Foundation.  Peru  159,976 
 
       
Creating 
Conditions for 
Economic Revitalization (CRECER)  Creating Conditions for Economic Revitalization 
(CRECER) lays the foundation for sustained trade-led 
economic growth and incr eased market access for 
micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Support will be provided within the context of the Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA). CRECER will 
continue to support Government of Peru efforts to 
improve the competitiveness of Peru and the productivity of its enterprises, will facilitate the adoption of administrative reforms, and will assist the Peru  529,600  TN/TF/W/151 
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Government of Peru in improving the efficiency of the 
financial and business development services markets. Funded and implemented by USAID/Peru.  
 
       
Economic 
Modernization through Efficient 
Reforms and 
Governance Enhancement  The Economic Modernization through Efficient 
Reforms and Governance Enhancement (EMERGE) 
program focuses on policy reforms related to trade, investment, and fiscal reforms that are essential for 
accelerated and sustainable growth. The main themes 
of the project are improving competitiveness, expanding trade and investments by enhancing trade liberalization and facilitation, as well as reducing policy-induced restrictions and transactions cost of 
investments. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Philippines.  Philippines  70,000 
 
       
Agribusiness 
Development 
and Agriculture Policy Support  Through this activity USAID provides technical 
assistance and training to governmental agencies and 
agribusiness associations to improve food safety standards that will meet European Union requirements, and assist Romanian farmers improve agricultural product compliance with international trade standards. 
Using technical assistance provided by land grant 
university partners, the project assists public agencies and private consulting firms develop capacity in U.S. food safety Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) techniques and methods. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Romania.  Romania  18,500 
 
       
Enterprise 
Development 
and 
Strengthening in Romania  The U.S. Agency for In ternational Development 
(USAID) assists local private companies and business 
support organizations to im prove their competitiveness 
and exports in industries that have international comparative advantage. USAID provides technical assistance and training that facilitates business linkages, enables small business to have access to and 
knowledge of new production technologies, helps 
develop marketing and e xport strategies based on 
market research studies, and assists businesses improve product quality or develop new products. The activity Romania  102,203 TN/TF/W/151 
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also provides the required international certification 
training for information technology businesses in order for these companies to b ecome competitive on the 
international market. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Romania.  
 
       
Romania 
Agribusiness 
Development 
and Policy Support Program (ADAPS III)  The US Department of Agriculture implements an 
agribusiness development, trade capacity building, and 
policy support program that includes the following 
components: rural credit and warehouse receipts program, dairy feed and forage, food safety/Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) training, sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS), trade capacity 
building, market information, agricultural 
biotechnology, management of private forests and 
timber stands, avian influenza response and management, agricultural trade and investment missions, agricultural research, extension and education through the Norman Borlaug Fellowship 
Program. Funded by USAID/Romania and 
implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Romania  390,000 
 
       
Partnerships to 
Enhance Rural Enterprise and Agribusiness Development  USAID/Rwanda will support a new integrated project 
for Sustaining Partnerships to enhance Rural Enterprise and Agribusiness Development (SPREAD) in Rwanda. This project will build on recent achievements by USAID/Rwanda in the areas of 
agribusinesses and cooperative development. The 
overall program objective is to target rural enterprises (cooperative and agribusinesses) involved in productive sub-sectors, particularly specialty coffee, by providing them with appropriate and sustainable technical assistance in orde r to increase incomes and 
improve livelihoods. Funded  and implemented by 
USAID/Rwanda.  Rwanda  200,000 
 
       
Partnership to 
Enhance Agriculture in Rwanda Partnership to Enhance Agriculture in Rwanda through 
Linkages (PEARL) is a USAID funded project that has been a catalyst behind the transformation of the Rwandan coffee sector. The following initiatives will Rwanda  120,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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through 
Linkages (PEARL)  allow partner cooperatives to become fully empowered 
and self-sufficient. (1) Increase production levels of top-quality coffee that meets the requirements of specialty coffee buyers, (2) Develop capabilities of the 
Rwanda Small Holder Specialty Coffee Association 
(RWASHOSCA) to serve as the front office for the cooperatives, providing ma rketing, communications, 
shipping, and accounting services, (3) Expand institutional capacity so that national institutions can assume a permanent supporting role to ensure 
sustainability, (4) Expand environmental management 
practices that will positively impact the landscape and secure highest premiums for coffee, (5) Increase crop diversification to minimize the risks of market disturbances or the possibility of pest outbreaks. 
Funded by USAID/GDA and implemented by 
USAID/Rwanda.  
 
       
Senegal 
Accelerated 
Growth and Increased Competitiveness (SAGIC)  The USAID/Senegal economic growth program, 
Senegal Accelerated Growth and Increased 
Competitiveness (SAGIC), provides support for accelerated growth and increased competitiveness for trade. It builds on the successful work of USAID/Senegal on competitiveness enhancement, the 
West Africa Trade Hubs in Dakar and Accra, and the 
Agricultural and Natural Resource Management 
Program of USAID/Senegal which helps local communities to increase trade in natural and non-traditional resources. The program seeks to (1) 
encourage policies in favor of private sector 
investment and increased trade, (2) promote public-private partnerships, and (3) expand business 
development services, giving new entrepreneurs the tools they need to succeed. Funded and implemented by USAID/Senegal.  Senegal  1,250,000 
 
       
Agriculture and 
Natural 
Resource 
Management Program  Since 2003, USAID promotes trade through the 
Agriculture and Natural Resource Management 
Program that targets nontraditional agricultural and 
natural products. In 2005, the markets for fonio (a native grain), Karaya gum (a pharmaceutical ingredient), baobab, madd, and jujube (local fruits) were strengthened, leading to revenues of $250,000 in Senegal  400,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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FY 2005 for 717 enterprises. Revenues of all informal 
enterprises totaled $100,906 (an average of $151 per enterprise) compared to $77,714 last year, representing a 130 percent increase. Revenues for 40 emerging 
enterprises this year was $207,105 (representing an 
average of $5,178 per enterp rise) while last year total 
revenue for this group was only $58,083, representing an increase of 257 percent. The total volume of all marketed products rose from 434.6 tons to 1,010 tons during the year. In total, 245 metric tons of fonio, 
baobab, and karaya gum we re exported, generating 
$161,091 in new profits for 469 local beneficiaries. Funded and implemented by USAID/Senegal.  
 
       
Serbia 
Enterprise Development Project  The Serbia Enterprise Development Project helps 
businesses in Serbia to create well-paying, skilled jobs by producing higher quality products and by integrating Serbia with international markets. The components of the project include (1) assisting 
companies to develop products, identify new markets, 
fulfill quality standards, and improve marketing, (2) promoting a more positive investment climate, (3) helping to remove legal and regulatory obstacles, (4) introducing university curricula to meet new market 
demands, (5) providing cost-sharing grants for 
businesses. Successes of the project include (1) 
facilitating more than $200 million in increased exports and sales, creating thousands of new jobs, (2) 
directing assistance for $20 million in new contracts 
for Serbian companies, (3 ) $10 million in new capital 
investment, (4) reintroducing Serbian products to international markets, (5) contributing to reform of key laws, (6) modernizing university curricula. Funded and implemented by USAID/Serbia.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  833,400 
 
       
South African 
International Business 
Linkages 
(SAIBL)  The South African International Business Linkages 
Program (SAIBL) is implemented through a cooperative agreement with the Washington, D.C.-
based Corporate Council on Africa, and is 
implemented in South Africa by a local consulting firm. The program includes three components. (1) SAIBL-Core Small and Medium Enterprise Development provides business development, and South Africa  920,720  TN/TF/W/151 
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financial, trade, and market access services to 
manufacturing and service sector SMEs. (2) The SAIBL-Promoting Agribusiness Linkages program (SAIBL-PAL) provides market linkages, business 
development services, and training in grades and 
standards for SME agricultural firms engaged in or seeking to expand into national and international trade in agricultural and other food products. (3) SAIBL-TRADE promotes exports by building export trade capacity and market linkages. During FY 2006 
accomplishments are on track to include over 2,000 
new jobs and Rand 1.12 Billion in export and domestic sales. Funded and implemented by USAID/South Africa.  
 
       
Trade 
Facilitation and Capacity Building  This activity is in support of the implementation of the 
Presidential Trade Initiative for Southern Africa. The physical actions are the operation of the Trade Hub and provision of technical services in support of improving 
trade competitiveness and accessing African Growth 
Opportunity Act (AGOA) opportunities. Under this activity, RCSA foster Trade negotiation capacity for regional economic communities such as Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and their respective 
members, provide policy assistance on improving 
business environments and implement regional 
transport and customs integration and investment. The activity has two focus areas: one is more engaged in transactions and work with firms, clusters and trade 
connections as well as improving the Trade ability of 
the private sector and the other is more engaged with the public sector and improving the doing business climate. Funded and implemented by USAID/RCSA.  Southern Africa 
ns  1,517,040 
 
       
Market 
Analysis and Capacity Building in 
South East Asia  The Economic Research Service, part of the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture, has provided training on market and trade analysis, including techniques for commodity market analysis, access to commercial 
trade reporting systems, and specialized modeling tools 
for counterparts in Philippines and Vietnam. Output to date include analyses of poultry and pork sectors in the Philippines, and improved market and information and reporting on these commodities. Funded and Southern Asia ns  70,405 TN/TF/W/151 
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implemented by Department of Agriculture.  
 
       
Export 
Promotion  Export promotion assistance is intended to expand 
African trade and promote the export competitiveness of enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives of the programs include improving the business and regulatory environment, strengthening the knowledge and skills of private sector enterprises to take 
advantage of market opportunities, and increasing 
access to financial services for trade and investment. The $4.7 millions in assistance will be used by field missions to carry out activities to towards these ends. Funded and implemented by USAID/AFR.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  3,102,000 
 
       
Trade and 
Investment Support in 
Select African 
Countries  The African Development Foundation (ADF) is a U.S. 
Government agency and corporation that makes direct investment in African small and medium-scale 
enterprises (SMEs), agri-
businesses, and smallholder 
farming operations, in order to diversify their product 
lines, enhance quantity and quality of production, and enable them to access regional and global markets. The ADF business model(which involves African-led, on-
the-ground operations, country- and industry-specific 
investment strategies, hos t government co-investment, 
and private sector partnership(allows the agency to serve as a catalyst for enterprise development in Africa. ADF responds to unsolicited funding proposals 
from African SMEs, agricultural producer groups, 
cooperatives, and community-
based organizations. 
ADF helps its grantees diagnose their constraints, assess market opportunities, conduct financial analyses on investment options, and develop business plans to support commercially viable activities. Funded and 
implemented by African Development Foundation.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  1,768,000 
 
       
Africa 
Biotechnology 
Outreach Workshop  The US Foreign Agricultural Service, part of the US 
Department of Agriculture, conducted an agricultural 
biotechnology workshop in South Africa, with farmer organizations and seed industry representatives from five countries: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, and Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  4,900  TN/TF/W/151 
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Mozambique. Visits to large and small-scale farms 
employing biotech crops gave attendees first-hand experience, allowing them to discuss issues related to the use of biotech in their own countries. Participants 
also met with local seed company representatives, 
associations of producers, government and research institutions. The workshop addressed the resistance 
and delay in development of regulatory framework and policy in these five Sub- Saharan African countries. 
The goal was to increase the biotech acceptance in 
stakeholders and policy-makers. This workshop 
supports the establishment a policy and regulatory systems, which are in the later stages of development in many of these countries. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  
 
       
Biotechnology 
Outreach to African Policy 
Makers  African policymakers will engage in a panel discussion 
on agricultural biotechnology and African agriculture. The event will allow the African ambassadors, 
ministers, and private sector representatives to network 
with US public-private sector experts, and have discussions with farmers and the private sector in the region to learn first-hand about agricultural 
biotechnology available in the United States and 
discuss what might be useful in Africa. Funded by 
Department of State and im plemented by Department 
of Agriculture/FAS.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  8,500 
 
       
Southern 
Highlands Agricultural Marketing and Business 
Acceleration  The activity promotes the production, processing, and 
sale of coffee to U.S. and European buyers and retailers. Emphasis is placed on creating and sustaining 
permanent market linkages. Sales have been concluded to major U.S. and European firms. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Tanzania.  Tanzania  25,000 
 
       
Agricultural 
Productivity 
Enhancement Program (APEP)  The Uganda Agricultural Productivity Enhancement 
Program (APEP) aims to expand rural economic 
opportunities and increase household income by increasing food and cash crop productivity and marketing for targeted commodities. The program Uganda  669,716 TN/TF/W/151 
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focuses on sub-sectors that impact a large number of 
beneficiaries, more specifically cotton, grains, oilseeds, flowers, spices (vanilla and cardamom), and cooking 
bananas. During the second year of the project, the 
program met all of its annual results targets. The 
number of households supported by APEP increased from 165,000 to 204,603, well over the year two target of 180,000 households. The average household income among these households increased by 21, surpassing the year two target of 20. The number of farm 
enterprises created increased from 311 to 495, 
exceeding the year two target of 400 enterprises. Finally, the number of farm jobs created increased from 13,347 to 30,219, also exceeding its target of 30,000 jobs. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Uganda.  
 
       
Uganda Private 
Sector Dairy 
Industry 
Development Program  Private and non-governmental groups are assisting 
Ugandan dairy farmers and producer groups realize 
increased levels of milk production and animal 
productivity. This is accomplished through the adoption of improved animal genetics and farmmanagement practices that lead to increased household 
incomes. The activity aims to increase dairy sector 
competitiveness and productivity, and to ensure the 
adoption of key skills and best practices. Over the past fiscal year, the activity has helped increase consumption of processed milk by 11 percent, from 25.3 million liters to 28 million liters, on-farm milk 
production has increased by 5.6 percent, and milk 
entering the cold storage chain has increased from 95,000 liters per day to 110,000 liters per day. The 
program also helps processors obtain quality standard certifications. As a result of the interventions, dairy-related annual income for participating farmers has 
increased from an average of $738 to $811. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Uganda.  Uganda  3,231 
 
       
BIZPRO  BIZPRO contributes to the economic development of 
Ukraine by providing assistance that improves the ability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to operate and compete in local and international markets. BIZPRO is focused on two tasks: providing Ukraine  30,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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market development support and enhancing the SME 
enabling environment. The project helps the public and private sector in selected municipalities formulate and implement balanced and pred ictable regulations that 
improve the business climate. These activities promote 
the one-stop-shop concept, improving the ability of Ukrainian SMEs to grow and compete in local, regional, and international markets. Sector and enterprise level initiatives showed significant results in 2005: apparel manufacturers increased exports to 
Russia by $400,000 and domestic sales grew by 40 
percent, producers of construction materials increased turnover by 20 percent, a nd Crimean tour operators 
increased package sales tours by 160 percent. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  
 
       
Agricultural 
Marketing Project  The project aims to accomplish five major results: (1) 
increase the volume and value of farmer produce sold to processors 10 percent annually for at least six 
oblasts, (2) decrease market transaction costs 5 percent 
annually, (3) increase rural employment by 250 new jobs annually, (4) increase production significantly and establish reliable producer networks, (5) increase membership 20 percent and increase sales 25 percent 
in three producer groups. In 2003, USAID began a 
program to improve marketing of agricultural products 
by private farmers in six oblasts. Over 450 farmers and 
80 market firms (processors, wholesalers, retailers and food service companies) regularly receive technical 
assistance and marketing advice from project 
specialists and the Market Information System. As of September 2nd, 2005, the value of marketing agreements facilitated by the project totaled over 
$3,070,500. The actual produce sales realized to date 
by the project totaled $3,057,015. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  Ukraine  508,000 
 
       
Agricultural 
Policy, Legal 
and Regulatory Reform Project  The project enables the agriculture and food sector of 
Ukraine to grow rapidly. Rapid growth of the sector 
will increase investment, will encourage adoption of modern technology, and will promote further integration into the global trading system. USAID initiatives assisted the Ukrainian government to Ukraine  340,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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complete bilateral negotiati ons with six countries, a 
requirement for WTO membership. The project also generated improved contact between the government of Ukraine and agri-
business, laying groundwork for 
development of a business-oriented agricultural policy 
environment. The project has developed recommendations for agricultural taxation, subsidies, restructuring of regulatory agencies and privatization of government enterprises. Achievements include providing evidence to veto a law on meat production 
and processing that would have increased regulatory 
control of the sector, and assisting development and adoption of internationall y recognized food standards 
procedures. Funded by USAID/Ukraine and implemented by USAID/EGAT/AG.  
 
       
Standards 
Development Initiative  The Standards Development Initiative Orientation 
Visit (OV) will expose senior standards officials from the Government of Vietnam to United States standards 
in a variety of sectors. The Vietnamese National 
Assembly will consider draft legislation to revise the standardization activities of the country in May 2006. In preparation for this process, the standards authorities of Vietnam are reaching out to international 
standard setting bodies to acquaint themselves with the 
standards regimes of other nations. This OV will introduce the delegates to a wide variety of U.S. standards setting authorities in sectors such as electricity, plumbing, safety, and building safety. 
Funded and implemented by Trade and Development 
Agency.  Vietnam  54,424 
 
       
Vietnam 
Competitiveness 
Initiative  Vietnam Competitiveness Initia tive is a three to five 
year economic growth project, by the US Agency for 
International Developm ent, to improve the 
competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Its activities are in three areas: (i) Improve business policy environment through a 
provincial competitiveness inde x (PCI) that ranks over 
40 provinces on their economic governance, and related policy studies and public-private dialogue events. (ii) Assist the information and communications technology (ICT), fruit and home furnishings Vietnam  105,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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industries through various initiatives. These include 
more ICT usage in trade, adopting international standards for exports in a ccordance with WTO rules, 
better market access and distribution channels to 
foreign markets and more access into foreign market 
by promoting Vietnamese products in international 
trade shows and exhibitions. (iii) Help joint stock 
banks in Vietnam to improve their capacity to lend 
more to SMEs. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  
 
       
Mission 
Support Costs 
to Trade 
Capacity Building  This activity provides appr opriate supervision and 
technical assistance and support to trade capacity 
building activities in West Africa. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  52,953 
 
       
West Africa 
Trade Hub  The West Africa Trade Hub in Accra, Ghana opened in 
2003 with a second hub in Daka r, Senegal opening in 
2005. The objective of the Trade Hubs is to encourage West African businesses to take advantage of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), and to 
develop capacity for better engagement in the 
multilateral trading system. The Hub activities support four key areas: trade capacity building, AGOA export development, AGOA support services and information dissemination. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  1,423,521 
 
       
Market Access, 
Trade and 
Enabling Policy 
Environment (MATEP) Project  The Market Access, Trade and Enabling Policies 
(MATEP) project is designed to increase the exports of 
Zambia in agricultural and natural resource products. 
The project has five interlinked components: Trade and Enabling Policy, Market Access, Tourism, Finance, and HIV/AIDS. Trade and Enabling Policy focuses on domestic policies that cons train Zambian exports, and 
on trade agreements which may expand exports. 
Market Access identifies potential markets for export and works with exporters to facilitate transactions. The Tourism component helps to raise the profile of Zambia  540,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Zambia as a major tourist and international conference 
destination in Africa. Finance will use $2 million in investment capital to create private sector investment funds that provide short- term export financing and 
medium-term investment capital to exporters. The 
HIV/AIDS component collaboratively designs and implements prevention programs while mainstreaming prevention activities into client-
business operations. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Zambia.  
 
      
 
 
 
TCB Sub-Category: Business Services & Training  
Year: 2006  
Total Funding: $86,637,788  
 
(Note: Funding values are not necessarily activity totals, but represent the proportion of the activity allocated to this trade facilitation sub-category.)  
Business Services & Training 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding 
Promoting Private Sector 
Development - Creation of 
Business Association  This activity supports two association 
development programs in Afghanistan -
the Afghanistan International Chamber of Commerce and the Afghanistan Business Federation for Women. The intent is to create and build the capacity of the Afghan International Chamber of 
Commerce, a consortium of business 
associations designed to enhance private sector development. The aim is: (1) to increase the capacity of other private sector business associations to play a role 
in public policy advocacy on all levels of 
government (2) improve the professionalism and sustainability of national, provincial and local business associations, and other civil society 
groups to provide a sound foundation for 
policy dialogue, investment promotion, and economic development (3) improve public access to economic information affecting policy debate through the creation and translation of publications 
and improved media c overage of business Afghanistan  1,450,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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association initiatives and economic 
policy issues. Funded and implemented by USAID/Afghanistan.  
 
       
Afghanistan National 
Innovation and Competitiveness Program  The purpose of this US Agency for 
International Development cooperative agreement is to build the competitiveness of the Afghan economy through specific strategies for key industry clusters and 
general outreach and technical training on 
competitive business practices through the creation of a national innovation and competitiveness unit, which will develop competitive strategies and 
implementation plans for three priority 
clusters in the Afghan economy over two years. These strategies will serve as both concrete plans to expand the economic impact of key sectors of the economy and they will serve as models for how other 
clusters in the Afghan economy can 
develop competitive strategies to compete globally. Funded and implemented by USAID/Afghanistan.  Afghanistan  890,937 
 
       
Agriculture, Rural 
Investment and Enterprise Strengthening  The purpose of the Agriculture, Rural 
Investment and Enterprise Strengthening (ARIES) program is to provide access to 
rural financial services in four of the 
seven economic zones of Afghanistan, and to strengthen the private sector foundation for an incipient rural finance system that is capable of providing a full spectrum and sustainable financial 
services. The target regions will be the 
north, south, and east with a likely addition in the west. ARIES was designed to support a thriving licit economy led by the private sector, which includes the 
rehabilitation of the rural economy, 
developing financial organizations and services, improving economic policy, increasing trade and export, and repairing and expanding infrastructure to support Afghanistan  1,647,500 TN/TF/W/151 
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the improved productivity and 
profitability of the agricultural sector. The goal is to use commercial principles to the extent possible in developing a sustainable market driven rural financial 
system. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Afghanistan.  
 
       
Afghanistan Small and 
Medium Enterprise 
Development (ASMED)  Afghanistan Small and Medium 
Enterprise Development (ASMED) works 
to develop the Afghan private sector by addressing non-governmental barriers to enterprise development. Key activities include improving market information, 
improving business and management 
skills, strengthening business associations, creating private-public partnerships, and building human capacity through professional internships. One important aspect of supporting 
business associations is the 
implementation of trade fairs (domestic), trade missions, and participation of leading Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) and associations in international 
trade fairs. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Afghanistan.  Afghanistan  1,007,500 
 
       
Enterprise Development 
Export Market Services Project - EDEM  The Albanian Enterprise Development 
and Export Market Services Project (EDEM) is a five-year project. EDEM works with the business community to increase domestic and export market competitiveness, leading to expanded 
sales of Albanian products and services 
and increased employment opportunities. EDEM is active in five major industry areas: meat processing, herbs and spices, tourism, fruits and vegetables, and 
footwear (in collaboration with The 
Albanian Center for International Trade (ACIT). Through the second quarter of its third year, EDEM results include direct assistance to 95 private enterprises andAlbania  324,450  TN/TF/W/151 
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indirect assistance to 727 enterprises, 
domestic sales of assisted enterprises total almost $13.5 million, and export sales of almost $4 million assisted firms to add approximately 2,200 new employees of 
which two-thirds were female and one-
third was male. Funded and implemented by USAID/Albania.  
 
       
Small Business Credit 
Assistance project (SBCA)  The Small Business Credit Assistance 
project (SBCA) increases competitiveness and access to credit of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The project strengthens the 
technical, managerial, and marketing 
capacity of productive enterprises through a network of local businesses. SBCA provides loan funds to microfinance institutions and assists SMEs in obtaining loans from the 
National Commercial Bank. SBCA 
assisted more than 5,000 businesses in 33 out of the 36 districts of Albania. This assistance included 1,082 loans averaging around $13,600, with repayments rates of 
97 percent. SBCA also helped to provide 
training to more than 3,000 businesses and counseling to more than 1,000 
businesses. Since March 2005, SBCA 
provided firm-level technical assistance 
to 1,104 enterprises, contributing to an 
increase in client sales of around $10.5 million. Its sophisticated client database allows SBCA to report on -- and monitor -- its impact by performance indicators, sector, and client. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Albania.  Albania  51,480 
 
       
Agribusiness Small and 
Medium Enterprise Market 
Development Project  The Armenia Agribusiness Small and 
Medium Enterprise Market Development 
Project (ASME) works with the business community to increase market opportunities for private companies. To achieve this goal, ASME identifies Armenia  600,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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markets for existing and new products 
that can be sold, develops strategies by which Armenian companies can take advantage of these opportunities, and supports the efforts of individual firms to 
operate successfully in a market-
based 
economy. ASME identifies and analyzes constraints that limit the potential growthof Armenian firms in these markets and designs and implements strategies to address those problems. ASME provides 
training and technical assistance to 
agribusiness SMEs to improve their efficiency and market competitiveness. The program builds their management and marketing capacity in order to 
increase the exports and the domestic 
sales of Armenian agribusiness products and create new jobs. Funded and implemented by USAID/Armenia.  
 
       
Competitive Armenian 
Private Sector Project  The goal of the Competitive Armenian 
Private Sector (CAPS) Program is to promote growth and competitiveness of small and medium sized enterprises. 
CAPS will implement components that 
will help businesses to achieve their growth objectives. 1. Cluster Competitiveness: action plans for increasing sales, exports, investment, and 
adopting new technologies. This 
component includes taking initial diagnostics, defining strategic objectives, and detailing the means to achieve these objectives. 2. Strengthen Business Capacity: Raising SME supply response 
capability through improving firm-level 
productivity. 3. Build Association Capacity and Policy Advocacy Capability: Improving institutions and policies supporting SMEs, the CAPS 
improves the capacities of associations 
aligned with the target clusters and highlights competitiveness issues, especially policy reform to improve the 
business climate. 4. Workforce and Skills 
Development: Helps jobseeker networks Armenia  75,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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and improves the skills of workers. 
Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Armenia.  
 
       
Caucasus Agricultural 
Development Initiative - Armenia  Activities include: (1) Sanitary and 
phytosanitary: strengthen the regulatory systems for animal health, production and processing of meat, poultry, and dairy products. Establish food safety system 
that meets international safety and quality 
regulations. (2) Private Sector Initiatives: the Center for Agribusiness and Rural Development provides technical assistance to private sector 
agribusinesses. (3) Farm Credit System: 
U.S. Farm Credit Administration is working with the Ministries of Agriculture (MoA) and Finance, and the Central Bank to develop a farm credit system based on the U.S. model. (4) 
Agricultural Market Information: the 
National Agricultural Statistics Service is working with the Armenian Statistical Service and the MoA to strengthen the collection, analysis, and dissemination of 
high quality agricultural statistics to 
provide farmers, policymakers, and agribusinesses with data they need to make rational production, marketing, and policy decisions. Funded by Department 
of State and implemented by Department 
of Agriculture/FAS.  Armenia  875,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at 
the community level with host country 
organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in global trade by helping to: (1) integrate information communication technology, 
(2) provide training in entrepreneurship 
skills, and (3) to develop sustainable production and marketing efforts. Funded and implemented by Peace Corps.  Asia ns  164,523 
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Accelerating Economic 
Recovery in Asia  This program, in support of a US-Thai 
Free Trade Agreement, includes workshops and a study tour to the United States on the topic of development and management of small business 
incubators. It also supports a series of 
workshops on logistics and a conference on financing small medium enterprises. The goal is to help small businesses recover from the tsunami, and support entrepreneurship and business 
management training, software 
development and marketing assistance to the hotel and tourism sector in southern Thailand. In addition, work on a series of practical, private sector-oriented activities 
started to provide increased trade capacity 
to the private sector packaged-food producers in ASEAN. The key was to 
build business skills and trade capacity 
rather than production capacity, focusing 
on meeting international sanitary, 
labeling and packaging standards, disseminating information on marketing and branding and linking to global supply chains. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  Asia ns  126,485 
 
       
Asia Regional Biodiversity 
Conservation Project  The goal of the Asia Regional 
Biodiversity Conservation Program 
(ARBCP) is to improve the sustainable 
management of natural resources and the conservation of biodiversity in Vietnam and the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS). The project will be implemented to strengthen landscape-scale biodiversity 
conservation at regional, national, 
provincial and local scales. Together with its Vietnamese partners, the program will develop sustainable finance mechanisms 
based on payments for environmental 
services (PES) mechanisms explicitly 
designed to support biodiversity conservation approaches at the landscape Asia ns  192,120  TN/TF/W/151 
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level. Development of cocoa-based agro-
forestry and other income alternatives will be targeted to reduce poverty in the rural areas. Activities will be developed to provide local stakeholders with a 
strong role in managing the forest 
resources upon which their livelihoods depend. Governance systems will be strengthened to create the necessary enabling conditions. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  
 
       
Responsible Asia Forestry 
and Trade (RAFT)  To address the problems of illegal 
logging and conversion of forests with 
high biodiversity value and promotion of 
legal timber trade, the program aims to improve timber trade policies and corporate procurement practices mainly in six countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea and 
Vietnam. The program proposes a 
number of interventions, such as legal standards, certification, log-tracking through the supply chain, market incentives, procurement practices, 
reduced impact logging, and conflict 
management to tackle the challenges of unsustainable management of forest resources pervasively present in the Asian region. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/RDM/Asia.  Asia ns  373,258 
 
       
Belarus Economic Education 
Project (BEEP)  The Belarus Economic Education Project 
(BEEP) provides unbiased economic 
information through economic education 
and accounting training. As a catalyst for dialogue on regional economic development, integration, and economic reform, USAID hopes to increase 
understanding of the be nefits of reform, 
and build support for a reform agenda. Five regional roundtables and a national conference were conducted. The project also works to bring financial reporting in Belarus  236,800 TN/TF/W/151 
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compliance with international standards. 
BEEP launched a world-class Certified Accounting Practitioner/Certified International Professional Accountant (CAP/CIPA), Russian language, 
certification program. The first ever 
CAP/CIPA exams in the country included 57 examinees in financial accounting and 48 examinees in managerial accounting, and resulted in the highest pass rate--over 80 percent--in all of the Newly 
Independent States. Funded by 
USAID/Belarus and implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  
 
       
Access to Markets  This project aims to improve port 
performance and security, expand capacity, and reduce costs. It will reduce delays at the port and increase the volume of imports and exports. The Studies 
Activity ($8 million) will include key 
feasibility studies, environmental assessments and revision of the master plan for the port. The Port Institutional and Systems Activity ($11.3 million) will 
fund computerization and streamlining of 
customs clearance procedures for merchandise. The Port Security and Landside Improvements Activity ($73.9 million) will address the safety and 
security aspects of the port for 
compliance with international safety requirements. The expansion and reconfiguration plan includes major improvements to the physical infrastructure. Waterside Improvements 
($76 million) will support the 
construction of a new south wharf, a dry 
bulk conveyor system, environmental 
management improvements and an environmentally appropriate solution to 
address sedimentation of the entrance of 
the port. Funded and implemented by Millennium Challenge Corporation.  Benin  3,380,000 
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Access to Financial Services 
Project  The high cost or unavailability of credit 
and other financial services limits the 
capacity of small businesses in Benin to 
expand production and employment, to respond to business opportunities and to manage risk. The Project is designed to improve the ability of micro-, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), 
particularly those involved in production 
in Benin, to access financial services that will help them improve the sustainability of their businesses. (1) The Financial Institution and Borrower Capacity 
Building Activity ($13 million) aims to 
improve the capacity of financial institutions to expand existing or establish new services for MSMEs and improve the capacity of MSMEs to access and use expanded financial services productively 
by improving their creditworthiness. (2) 
The Financial Enabling Environment Activity ($6.6 million) will undertake to identify and support legal and policy changes that are needed to facilitate the 
expansion of the financial sector in 
Benin. Funded and implemented by Millennium Challenge Corporation.  Benin  1,960,000 
 
       
Bolivian Forestry (BOLFOR) 
II  The Sustainable Forestry Management 
Project (BOLFOR II) aims to improve community-
based forest management, to 
access better markets and promote commercial alliances between 
communities and the private sector, 
improve forest management and business practices in the private sector, and facilitate forest exports. BOLFOR works directly with over 40 communities and 
private companies and will reach another 
60 through indirect activities. In FY2006, BOLFOR sponsored the 2nd Business Roundtable of the Forestry Sector in Bolivia, which has over 120 participants from Bolivia, USA and 20 other 
countries, including timber and non-
timber products manufacturers, Bolivia  573,686 TN/TF/W/151 
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community forestry organizations and 
indigenous community organizations, service providers, international institutions, and commercial forestry products companies. There were more 
than 1,500 business meeting requests- far 
surpassing expectations and generating a total of $15 million of intended business deals. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  
 
       
USAID Rural 
Competitiveness Activity  The Rural Competitiveness Activity is 
strengthening businesses in the Yungas of La Paz and Cochabamba Tropics. 
Through business support services and 
technical assistance, the project has helped banana exporters from the Cochabamba Tropics access the European market with their product. Similar efforts to expand exports in the 
regional market with bananas, pineapples, 
and tropical flowers (among other products) are also underway. The project is actively engaging the finance sector to help identify new and more appropriate 
financial services that will help make 
businesses more competitive in regional 
and international markets. Access to international markets is also being facilitated by efforts making the customs 
clearance process more efficient. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  1,939,852 
 
       
Market Access and Poverty 
Alleviation 2 (MAPA 2)  The Market Access and Poverty 
Alleviation 2 (MAPA 2) agricultural 
program reduces rural poverty in the high valleys and altiplano regions by enhancing incomes and employment opportunities through a market-driven 
strategy: promoting 
formation/strengthening of small rural enterprises, reducing production/transaction costs, and improving key agricultural chains from Bolivia  110,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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inputs to final markets. From October 
2005-March 2006, while the program incorporated nearly 6,000 additional families and raised incomes significantly, small farmers expor ted organic sweet 
onions, oregano, raspberries, peanuts and 
chili peppers through the project. During MAPA 1 (2000-2005), the program reached over 22,000 rural households, cumulatively raising their income by almost $25 million and generating $78 
million in additional economic activity by 
the multiplier effect (e.g., assistance to oregano and chili pepper farmers increased family income an average of 283 and 244, respectively). Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  
 
       
Bolivian Trade and Business 
Competitiveness 2 (BTBC 2)  The Bolivian Trade and Business 
Competitiveness Activity (BTBC 2) 
works to increase the competitive 
production of goods and services, facilitate trade, expand market access and attract foreign investment. Training and direct technical assistance to small and 
medium-sized businesses in the value-
added, labor-intensive export sector improves their ability to take advantage of trade opportunities. Regional business promotion centers (El Alto, Cochabama, 
Santa Cruz) connect producers to 
markets. The program supports civil society outreach, feedback on trade, and private sector advocacy efforts to communicate the opportunities and challenges of trade and markets. From 
October 2005 to March 2006, the 
program generated $4.5 million in new exports (a large share of the total increase in non-traditional exports), 512 new direct jobs, and incorporated an 
additional 85 small businesses into 
exporting networks. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  1,296,000 
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Amazonian Center for 
Sustainable Forest Enterprise 
(CADEFOR)  USAID, the U.S. Forest Service, the 
World Wildlife Fund and the Bolivian 
Chamber of Forest Industries have 
created the Amazonian Center for Sustainable Forest Enterprise (CADEFOR). This activity supports community and private sector players with production processes, product 
development, and market promotion. It
does this by linking buyers and sellers of certified wood and by providing business development assistance to private companies. Certified forestry remains a 
bright spot in the Bolivian economy with 
great value-added export potential. Thanks to CADEFOR assistance, commercial alliances have been built between indigenous-social groups and private companies. Also, few indigenous 
groups are exporting directly with 
contracts signed with international companies reaching a value of $1 million per year. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  50,000 
 
       
Cluster Competitiveness 
Activity (CCA)  The aim of the Cluster Competitiveness 
Activity (CCA) is to increase the competitiveness of the wood processing 
and tourism sectors, and to raise 
productivity, profits, and employment. The activity helps stakeholders to develop and implement strategies for growth through a combination of technical and 
financial assistance, facilitation of public-
private dialogue aimed at reducing barriers to doing business, strengthening market linkages, and encouraging trade and investment. In particular, the wood-
processing sector continues to improve its 
competitiveness as evident from an increase in exports in 2005 of 10 percent, with exports of value-added wood products increasing by more than 25 percent. The tourism sector has become 
more competitive, resulting in an increase 
of more then 18 percent in annual tourism Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  500,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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revenue in 2005. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Bosnia and Herzegovina.  
 
       
Economic Opportunities for 
Small Enterprises, Trade and Poverty Reduction  The small business trade development 
component is successfully demonstrating the enormous opportunities associated with trade-led small business growth and employment, by working with selected 
small producer clusters. Trade promotion 
activities have already resulted in over $5 million in two-way trade between Brazil and the United States. The program has also created approximately 1,000 new 
jobs. The Program was also able to secure 
institutional buy-in and cost-sharing from local partners including the Brazilian Export Promotion Agency and the Brazilian Small Business Agency. Policy research facilitated the preparation of 
draft legislation to encourage the 
development of small business trade consortia, reversing earlier laws that increased small business costs and reduced their export competitiveness. 
Additional policy-related studies are 
being funded, such as an Ease of Export 
Survey and Doing Business in Brazil. Funded and implemented by USAID/Brazil.  Brazil  99,000 
 
       
Commercial Law Reform 
Project  Commercial Law Reform Project (CLRP) 
is a four year activity launched in September 2003 to alleviate legal 
obstacles to continued economic growth 
in Bulgaria, which has four principal tasks: (1) streamlining business laws and regulations in place, (2) offering alternative dispute resolution in 
commercial matters, (3) enhancing 
enforcement of contracts and enforcement of other legal matters, (4) offering training and public education in areas related to the above. Funded and Bulgaria  120,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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implemented by USAID/Bulgaria.  
 
       
Business and Trade 
Development  The objective of the USAID/Bulgaria 
Business and Trade Development (BTD) 
Program is to strengthen the capacity of local business support organizations (BSOs) to be more effective and sustainable market-
based service delivery 
agents for their small and medium-sized 
enterprise (SME) clients. The BTD 
program uses two approaches to providing assistance to the BSO and SME communities. The first approach is focused on a specific BSO and SME 
partnership designed to build the capacity 
of the two organizations to accomplish a specific goal (i.e. developing an investment profile). The second approach focuses on all participants in a market sector area and seeks to raise awareness 
of key capacity building issues within 
that area. Funded and implemented by USAID/Bulgaria.  Bulgaria  180,000 
 
       
Agribusiness Development 
Services  MCC will fund applied technical and 
field research training for improvements 
by farmers in agricultural extension 
centers and farm demonstration sites, 
building capacity in export requirements, 
packing sheds, and centers for inspection and certification. Increases in irrigatedland and reliability of water supply will facilitate a shift from low-value, rain-fed agriculture to higher value-added crops 
that are grown more intensively. Training 
of, and outreach to, farmers in courses on drip irrigation and environmentally sustaina
ble agricultural practices, the 
proper use of fertilizers, pesticides, 
herbicides and fungicides, vegetable and 
fruit production, on-farm water management and down stream marketing will be funded. Total MCC funding for this project is $3,600,000, of which Cape Verde  887,510  TN/TF/W/151 
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$3,550,041 is reflected in this activity. 
The remaining $49,959 is captured in a separate activity, implemented by the Foreign Agricultural Service of the Department of Agriculture. Funded and 
implemented by Millennium Challenge 
Corporation.  
 
       
Caribbean Open Trade 
Support Program (COTS)  COTS facilitates the transition of Eastern 
Caribbean countries from traditional, 
preferences- based trading regimes to 
open trade, and to enable them to compete more successfully and sustainably in the global economy. The 
program also supports efforts to adopt 
and participate in the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME), thereby collectively strengthening the regional framework for global competition. COTS, operating primarily within the 
countries of the Organization of Eastern 
Caribbean States (OECS), has five themes: private sector development, governance, public-private interface, public awareness, and resilience to 
natural disasters. Technical assistance is 
targeted at improving the business environment through the updating of 
business legislation and administrative 
reform. Assistance is also given to the 
private business community to improve 
external market linkages. Small grants are used to dissemination public information on trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Caribbean ns  391,298 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at 
the community level with host country organizations and individuals to build 
their capacity to participate in global 
trade by helping to: (1) integrate information communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  69,721 TN/TF/W/151 
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production and marketing efforts. Funded 
and implemented by Peace Corps.  
 
       
Certified International 
Professional Accounting Examination  This activity promotes regional 
accounting reform and harmonization 
based on international standards and 
certification thereby promoting integration into the global economy. Funded by USAID/E and E and 
implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  760,000 
 
       
Regional Competitiveness 
Initiative  This activity advances new 
competitiveness initiatives--such as 
regional sector clusters, corridor clusters, and market chains--that unite the bilateral efforts of USAID missions in the Europe and Eurasia Region. The missions and public and private sector participants 
form communities of practice to advance 
these regional initiatives. Through these communities they will achieve more effective implementation of their programs, which in turn will augment 
trade and productive employment in host 
countries. Funded and implemented by USAID/E and E.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  200,000 
 
       
Junior Achievement  This program enha nces the knowledge, 
skills, tools, and ethical values needed to participate in a market economy in which trade is a driver of economic growth. Funded and implemented by USAID/E 
and E.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  500,000 
 
       
U.S. - China Aviation 
Cooperation Program - Phase 
II  This trade capacity building initiative will 
partially fund a public-private technical 
assistance partnership between the U.S. and Chinese governments and aviation China (P.R.C.)  886,200  TN/TF/W/151 
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industries, known as the U.S.-China 
Aviation Cooperation Program (ACP). Lead program elements include technical assistance on new aircraft certification procedures and the provision of technical 
and managerial training by U.S. industry 
members of the ACP and the Federal Aviation Administration to officials of the General Administration of Civil Aviation of China (CAAC) and its Air Traffic Management Board. The initiative 
will promote high-level dialogue between 
the U.S. and Chinese governments in aviation cooperation. The grantee for the project will be the CAAC. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development 
Agency.  
 
       
Colombia Forestry 
Development Program  The program will expand the production 
of marketable and profitable forest 
products and increase incomes 
throughout the forestry sector in Colombia, providing alternative sources of income to the rural communities where forestry activities are centered, as well as 
improving or creating more integrated 
production chains. One of the main goals of the Colombia Forestry Development Program is to assist the private commercial forestry sector to improve 
efficiency through better technology, 
utilization of raw materials, and knowledge of their markets for their products. Four main thematic areas: (1) forest policy improvement, (2) support of the forestry initiative in Plan Colombia, 
(3) improve production and income 
generation in the forestry sector and, (4) create a forestry development fund to assist in work plans, marketing and feasibility studies. In 2006, this activity 
contributed to having a new Colombian 
Forestry law approved. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  460,000 
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Support for Commercial 
Forestry (MIDAS) in 
Colombia  One of the main goals of the Más 
Inversión para el Desarrollo Alternativo 
Sostenible (MIDAS) activity is 
significant job creation and increased licit incomes, including through the development of sustainable forest products businesses. The overall strategy is to improve the legal, regulatory, and 
institutional environment. The activity 
will stimulate proposals from potentially viable customer groups in high potential sub-sectors and geographic areas, developing the best into business plans 
and providing technical and financial 
support necessary to make the businesses successful and sustainable. Strategic pillars of this approach: (1) strengthen local capacity to offe r long-term loans to 
private forestry companies, (2) encourage 
social responsibility principles and 
environmentally responsible practices in production and, (3) concentrate efforts on business creation leading to value-added products, including product branding. 
Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  736,214 
 
       
Agribusiness Program in 
Colombia (MIDAS)  One component of the Más Inversión 
para el Desarrollo Alternativo Sostenible 
(MIDAS) program. Aim is to help Colombian agricultural producers and others involved in illicit products shift into legal activities. The project is 
designed to provide responsible, larger 
and new Colombian agribusinesses with an effective combination of financial, training and technical support services to help them develop new or significantly 
expanded businesses that will increase 
and sustain income opportunities in or near areas where illicit crops are produced. The project will provide: (1) pre-implementation technical assistance and training needed to produce 
commercially viable business plans, (2) 
linkages with other sources of Colombia  2,308,539  TN/TF/W/151 
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development and implementation 
support, (3) reimbursement of technical assistance and training to support project implementation, and (4) up-front financial assistance to facilitate project 
design, loan approvals and 
implementation. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  
 
       
SME Development (MIDAS) 
in Colombia  This is one component of the Más 
Inversión para el Desarrollo Alternativo Sostenible (MIDAS) activity. This program will focus on providing consultancy, training and business 
coaching to existing small- and medium-
sized enterprises (SMEs) that will invest in viable expansion projects increasing 
sales and creating more jobs. This coaching support will transfer knowledge on management, technology, research, 
training, promotion and all other 
technical assistance activities that enhance SME business development, market access productivity, cost efficiency, financial management, 
innovation, and all other aspects of their 
business. Promoting competitiveness 
along value chains through managerial development of SMEs that are linked to large industries as providers and/or 
distributors (anchor companies) will be 
the program emphasis, with an aim at sustainable long-term growth of the SME itself. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  11,405,764 
 
       
Establishment of an SME 
Risk Capital Fund in Colombia  The purpose of the financial and technical 
support is the establishment of a small-and medium-sized enterprise (SME) risk 
capital fund in Colombia and the 
utilization of the fund to channel medium and long-term financial capital and management and technology transfer expertise to high-potential Colombian Colombia  200,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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SMEs. The fund would thus be expected 
play a critical role in providing an ample source of equity and subordinated debt investments in high-potential SMEs that would otherwise lack access to 
sustainable market-
based financing. The 
activity successfully established the first SME Risk Capital Fund in Colombia, which was capitalized at approx. $17 million with majority funding from private Colombian pension and insurance 
companies. In addition, the activity 
supported critical regulatory reforms required to facilitate private pension / insurance fund investment in private equity funds. Funded and implemented 
by USAID/Colombia.  
 
       
Colombian Agribusiness 
Partnership Program (CAPP)  The Colombian Agricultural Partnership 
Program (CAPP) assists agribusinesses 
primarily by identifying qualified private 
sector partners, the careful evaluation of proposed projects, and the application of mechanisms for assistance tailored specifically to requirements of the 
project. Each activity must have a 
technical assistance package managed by the CAPP enterprise at the producer level and every other level to ensure products are handled properly. While all CAPP 
activities must be market driven, 
technical assistance must be provided to ensure that the most efficient, and therefore profitable, business operations are established. A total of 34 agribusiness projects totaling $204 million have been 
approved for implementation, with a total 
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) contribution of only $24 million. The number of hectares of licit crops supported is 24,000, and the 
number of rural families impacted is 
8,620. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  877,600 
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Colombian Enterprise 
Development (CED) Program  The Colombian Enterprise Develop 
(CED) program rapidly and effectively 
provides integrated assistance to small-
and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in secondary cities. It organizes SMEs through market-enhancing interventions 
based on international best practices, 
identifies markets, creates integrated 
business development services, and is 
establishing a financial services clearinghouse. CED has established a national network of ope rators who have 
evaluated over 1,100 projects and is 
currently assisting 993 SMEs at a cost of 
roughly $3 million. Investments to date will generate 7,000 ne w jobs in secondary 
cities. CED has closely coordinated with commercial banks to promote its program and to encourage bank customers to 
actively participate in SME expansion. 
CED has trained local consulting firms to increase their capacity to perform 
business expansion plans. The SMEs 
provide 50 percent of the cost of 
preparing the business expansion plans. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  Colombia  46,500 
 
       
Aid to Artisans in Colombia  The goal of the program is to create licit 
employment, enterprises, and income opportunities for Colombian artisans. Specific objectives are to: (1) strengthen the local capacity of artisans to produce 
marketable goods that generate increased 
orders, (2) strengthen business skills and organizations to enhance the ability of Colombian artisans and artisan-
based 
enterprises to improve production 
capacity and quality, negotiate global 
markets, and establish and maintain strong business relationships with clients, (3) develop domestic and international markets and promote Colombia as a source of innovative, high-quality 
handmade products among buyers, (4) 
increase income for 2,000 artisan Colombia  200,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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households, and (5) generate $1.75 
million in sales during the project and an additional $3.8 million in the four years following the end of the project in 2007. To date, the program has benefited over 
1,650 families by improving product 
quality and increasing sales. Funded and implemented by USAID/Colombia.  
 
       
SME Performance and 
Raising Incomes in Economically Distressed Areas  This project is intended to improve small 
and medium enterprise (SME) performance and raise incomes in economically distressed areas. Funded and implemented by USAID/Croatia.  Croatia  700,000 
 
       
Conservation of Managed 
Indigenous Lands Program in Ecuador  The Conservation of Managed 
Indigenous Lands Program (CAIMAN) 
contributes to building business services 
and administrative capacity as well as 
developing small enterprises (artisan production) that promotes non-traditional forest products for the national and international specialty markets. The 
program also helps to promote foreign 
direct investment in private lands conservation, ecotourism and sustainable natural resource management. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ecuador.  Ecuador  992,000 
 
       
Assistance for Customs and 
Trade Facilitation Project  This activity targets all aspects of trade 
capacity building including customs, trade policy, trade facilitation, inspection, 
import and export procedures, trade 
agreements, competitiveness, and port services. Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  750,000 
 
       
Information Communication The purpose of this activity is to establish Egypt  1,000,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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Technology - Egypt  the legal and regulatory framework 
necessary to strengthen e-commerce and information and communication technology. Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  
 
       
Financial Sector 
Modernization Project  The purpose of this activity is to promote 
the establishment of real estate finance and other forms of secured lending and to 
support the establishment of professional 
associations. Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  1,800,000 
 
       
Agricultural Cooperatives in 
Ethiopia  The program aims to contribute to 
increasing incomes for rural households in Ethiopia by enhancing the capacity of agricultural cooperatives. The six-year program has led to many 
accomplishments since its inception. It 
has supported several commodity chains (coffee, cereals, oilseeds, sugarcane, dairy), developed a two-tiered cooperative structure, enhanced 
organizational business skills of 
cooperative members, managers, and 
board members, linked cooperatives to 
private businesses, credit providers, and markets, and supported value-added 
processing. The program also assisted in 
improving coffee quality, linked coffee producers to higher price specialty markets, supported coffee certification (organic and fair trade), and sponsored international cooperative coffee 
competitions and internet auctions. As a 
result of the program, smallholder farmers were able to access inputs at lower prices, sell their products at higher prices, and provide other services to 
members. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  210,000 
 
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Growing Ethiopian Markets  Description: The program provides 
technical assistance, capacity building, and related support to businesses, cooperatives, industry/trade associations, chambers of commerce, and advocacy 
groups for women to improve 
productivity and product quality, provide access to new markets, and enhance business and trade competitiveness. The program has already realized several accomplishments. For example, industry 
associations, chambers of commerce, and 
women-focused business groups have all 
been strengthened as a result of the 
activity. Participants have also been introduced to improved production 
technologies, such as water efficient 
coffee pulping equipment and better hides and skins processing technologies. Several coffee producers are receiving assistance on certification of organic forest coffee, as well as trademark 
registration assistance. The program has 
also supported several trade missions to export markets, such as Botswana, China, Japan, Korea, the Middle East, and the U.S. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  210,000 
 
       
Ethiopia - African Growth 
Opportunity Act  USAID/Ethiopia is helping Ethiopian 
businesses link to and benefit from U.S. 
market opportunities under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) by providing business development services to companies and by providing information and capacity building support 
to businesses, industry associations, 
women-focused business groups, and chambers of commerce. These efforts have helped Ethiopia become eligible for the Category 9 provision under AGOA. 
Many other accomplishments have been 
achieved: women-owned firms have -- for the first time -- exported 100 Ethiopian hand-made woven products to the U.S., AGOA-eligible apparel export to the U.S. increased by 300 percent from 2002 to Ethiopia  150,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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2005, expatriate commodity specialists 
provided company-specific technical assistance to 32 enterprises, an office was opened within the Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce to provide export trade 
support and AGOA information 
dissemination, and over 250 small and medium sized enterprises were trained on AGOA.. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  
 
       
Agribusiness and Trade 
Expansion  The program, awarded in April 2006, will 
support business and market development for high growth potential sectors (i.e., 
coffee, fruits/vegetables, oilseeds, 
hides/skins, and leather products). It will support the development of an Ethiopian commodity exchange and warehouse receipts system. It will enhance the capacity of farmers (small-holder and 
commercial), agroprocessors, industry 
associations and cooperatives in the areas of production, processing, post-harvest handling, and marketing. It will facilitate access by enterprises to operational and 
investment credit from USAID 
Development Credit Authority (DCA) loan guarantees and other sources. It willalso identify and promote policy changes where needed to enhance business and 
trade competitiveness. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  1,600,000 
 
       
Sanitary Phytosanitary 
Standards and Livestock and 
Meat Marketing  The program is developing an 
internationally credible program for 
certifying that Ethiopian meat and livestock exports carry no risk of transboundary diseases. It is helping to increase production of export quality 
meat and supports market analysis and 
market development. Accomplishments have been realized since the inception of the program: trade missions were conducted to several Middle East Ethiopia  300,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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countries to develop new market links 
and develop protocols on sanitary/phytosanitary standards (SPS) requirements, assessments were completed on abattoir processing 
operations and feedlot management, and 
SPS-related capacity building was further enhanced in Ethiopia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  
 
       
Pastoralist Livelihoods 
Initiative  This program supports livestock market 
development in pastoralist areas in three regions of Ethiopia. Achievements continue to be realized: (1) improvements 
are being made in the design and 
contracting for infrastructure improvements at 12 market facility sites, (2) assessments were conducted for livestock value chains, (3) market linkages are being facilitated between 
pastoralists and livestock traders and 
abattoirs, (4) credit is provided for emergency commercial livestock marketing in pastoralist areas impacted 
by drought, (5) livestock fattening 
operations are being promoted to increase 
marketability and value of livestock from pastoralist areas, (6) a biweekly livestock market information bulletin was created, (7) cross border trade of live animals is 
being facilitated, and (8) an agreement 
was reached by Government of Ethiopia to establish a fund for emergency livestock offtake. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  600,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at 
the community level with host country organizations and individuals to build 
their capacity to participate in global 
trade by helping to: (1) integrate information communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable Former Soviet 
Republics ns  132,057  TN/TF/W/151 
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production and marketing efforts. Funded 
and implemented by Peace Corps.  
 
       
Certified International 
Accounting Professional Examination  The purpose of this project is to ensure 
the sustainability of the Certified International Accounting Professional (CIPA) Examination program. CIPA is the first internationally recognized program for professional training, 
examination, and certification of 
accountants in a non-English language. By supporting this effort, the USAID/EGAT Global Development Alliance Incentive Fund will ensure that 
the CIPA examination program will 
become successful and sustainable in 
Russian language. Once established in the Newly Independent States of the Former Soviet Union, the CIPA certification program will serve as a global economic 
development model that may be 
replicated in Arabic, Spanish, and other languages and regions where USAID is pursuing economic development and regional integration. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  Former Soviet 
Republics ns  400,000 
 
       
Support Added Value 
Enterprises in Agriculture 
(AgVANTAGE)  The AgVANTAGE program supports 
expanded production and export sales of 
value-added agricultural products and provides advisory support to the Ministry of Agriculture. The project provides technical assistance (TA) to agricultural producers to: support marketing 
plans/strategies for Georgian enterprises, 
link Georgian suppliers with potential 
buyers, establish market information 
systems to provide timely price information and a web-
based platform for 
offers and bids, and introduce improved 
packaging practices. AgVANTAGE also provides TA and training support for customs officials related to the new Law on Food Safety and Quality. TA is Georgia  43,400 TN/TF/W/151 
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provided to Georgian enterprises in 
business planning, feasibility analysis and 
financial modeling. AgVANTAGE advisors also supported the drafting of the recently adopted Law on Food Safety and 
Quality which establishes a legal 
framework consistent with WTO requirements. Funded and implemented by USAID/Georgia.  
 
       
USAIDs SME Support 
Project  The Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise 
(SME) Support project provides assistance for customs operations and administration, business services and 
training, environmental trade and 
standards, financial sector development, good governance, and WTO awareness. Many successes have been realized. For example, the business services and training component has helped set up a 
network of business support 
organizations throughout Georgia by utilizing existing associations to provide consultations on regulatory and legislative issues, management practices, 
planning and borrowing, information 
services, investment and trade promotion services, agribusiness support and other development assistance. The project also provided technical assistance to the 
Association of Georgian Microfinance 
Organizations (AGMO) in developing a framework Law of Microfinance. The draft law will create a legislative framework to legalize and support development of the microfinance industry 
in Georgia. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Georgia.  Georgia  232,899 
 
       
Private Sector 
Competitiveness  The Private Sector Competitiveness 
program focuses on improving a broad array of macroeconomic, trade and factor market policies, as well as regulatory frameworks to increase the Ghana  340,946  TN/TF/W/151 
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competitiveness of the Ghanaian private 
sector. Consisting of two main components, (A) strengthening the policy and regulatory enabling environment of Ghana, and (B) an export business 
development component, the program has 
led to several achievements. One success includes the provision of technical and financial assistance from the USAID Trade and Investment Program for a Competitive Export Economy (TIPCEE) 
to a local pineapple concentrate provider. 
With the assistance of the program, the firm will provide over 500 metric tons of 
pineapple concentrate in 2007 to a major drinks producer in Nigeria. The program 
has also assisted local farmers to meet 
international quality standards: several papaya farmers were--for the first time--able to export over 12 metric tons of fruit to Europe. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ghana.  
 
       
Business Growth Initiative  The Business Growth Initiative (BGI) 
Project will assist USAID missions on 
strategies, project designs, evaluations, 
and resolving implementation issues on enterprise development projects. It will encourage best practices and conduct activities to both further understanding 
and disseminate lessons learned in 
enterprise development. Many BGI activities will result in increased international trade, both regional and international. Funded and implemented by USAID/EGAT/EG.  Global ns  150,000 
 
       
Business Facilitation 
Incentive Fund  The U.S. State Department established 
the Business Facilitation Incentive Fund 
(BFIF) to encourage and accelerate 
business facilitation initiatives at posts 
where the Department leads the commercial function. In fiscal year 2006, it funded activities at more than 30 posts Global ns  257,720 TN/TF/W/151 
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in developing countries, including 
catalyzing establishment of bilateral or local chambers of commerce and industry 
business education seminars for local 
entrepreneurs and seminars and outreach 
events to increase entrepreneurial 
capacity using IT tools. Funded and implemented by Department of State.  
 
       
Greater Access to Trade 
Expansion (GATE)  The Greater Access to Trade Expansion 
(GATE) project will enhance existing USAID trade and economic growth activities by helping missions address gender considerations in their 
programming efforts. The project will 
assess how international trade and economic policies impact poor men and women. Building on these impact assessments, the GATE team will work with Missions to design programs that 
expand areas of opportunity and reduce 
adverse effects for poor women and men. GATE project activities include performing gender and social impact assessments of trade policies and/or 
export-driven industries, value chain 
analyses of export commodities to increase low-income opportunities to gain from export-led growth, design of gender-equitable trade interventions and 
training that can be replicated elsewhere 
by USAID, and research to better 
understand the gender implications of macroeconomic policies and development of interventions to mitigate negative impacts. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/EGAT/WID.  Global ns  310,000 
 
       
ITC Services Capacity 
Assessments and Investment 
Map  The Support for Services Capacity 
Assessments and Investment Map 
program was funded by the Economic Growth, Agriculture, and Trade bureau of USAID. It was implemented by the International Trade Centre (ITC), the Global ns  25,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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technical cooperation agency of the 
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). The assessments include an evaluation of 
current service exports of a country and 
possible offers in General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) negotiations, based on public and private sector input. Investment Map is an interactive web-
based tool to assist developing countries 
in defining priority sectors for investment 
promotion, identifying potential investors in a given sector, identifying competitor countries for inward investment, and defining opportunities for bilateral 
investment. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/EGAT/EG.  
 
       
Agriculture and Agribusiness 
Development in Guatemala  This rural sector activity will have these 
technical assistance components, among 
others: training to producers and producer organizations to improve the quantity, quality, and product safety of selected non-traditional agricultural products, 
including specialty coffee facilitating the 
formation and consolidation of market-oriented farmer organizations encouraging adoption of good agricultural practices, food safety, and 
norms and standards (both private and 
public) and, working with municipal governments and local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to implement sustainable management practices in agricultural land and forests, such as 
payments for environmental services such 
as payments by =downstream| 
beneficiaries of watersheds to =upstream| 
communities that maintain the watershed. Target beneficiaries include small-scale 
commercial producers, producer 
associations, farmers, and non-farm rural enterprises. Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  200,000 
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Agriculture and Agri-
business Development in Guatemala  In response to the strategy of the 
Government of Guatemala, Vamos Guatemala, this activity will work with 
small-scale commercial producers, 
producer associations, farmers, and non-farm rural enterprises transitioning to market-oriented commercial production. It will provide technical assistance: (1) 
and training to improve the quantity, 
quality, and product safety of selected non-traditional agricultural products, including specialty coffee (2) to facilitate formation and consolidation of market-
oriented farmer organizations (3) to 
encourage and support adoption of good agricultural practices, food safety, and norms and standards (both private and public) and, (4) to implement sustainable management practices in agricultural land 
and forests management, such as 
implementing payments for environmental services such as payments 
by downstream beneficiaries of 
watersheds to upstream communities that 
maintain the watershed. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  200,000 
 
       
Forestry Development and 
Certification in Guatemala  In response to Guate-Verde and Guate-
Crece, the environmental and economic 
development components of the strategy of the Government of Guatemala, this activity will work in the Multiple Use and Buffer Zones of the Mayan Biosphere 
Reserve and forest areas managed in the 
Guatemalan highlands. The project will focus on forestry activities that incorporate sustainable natural and cultural resource use and management 
concepts in cluster development. The 
activity provides technical assistance and training to improve and increase: (1) 
business organization and administration 
(2) forest management and road planning (3) forest certification (4) access to 
higher-value markets for certified timber, 
especially lesser-known species and, (5) Guatemala  150,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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collaboration with commercial partners 
and strategic alliances. Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  
 
       
Strengthen Competitiveness 
of Guatemala Business and Products  The objective of this activity is to 
promote the creation of supply chain alliances that linked Guatemalan producers in the agribusiness, forestry, tourism and handicraft sectors directly or 
indirectly with national and international 
buyers. As result, new Guatemalan 
producers can be incorporated into the market economy and export process. The activity contributes to the objectives of 
the development strategy of the 
Government of Guatemala, Vamos Guatemala. Among other components, this activity has linked producers located in indigenous rural areas to potential clients and buyers both domestic and 
international accompanied producer 
groups during the negotiation stages with the buyers until final agreements are reached and signed designed investment plans to create alliances and define the 
financing scheme and, provided follow-
on support to existing alliances. Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala. Guatemala  280,000 
 
       
Guatemalan Community 
Tourism Alliance  In response to the Vamos Guatemala 
strategy of the Government of Guatemala, this activity supports niche tourism based on natural and cultural diversity of rural communities. It builds 
upon established alliances and creates a 
greater number of community-
based, and 
small and medium tourism enterprises (SMEs) in rural destinations. Target beneficiaries include community-
managed tourism enterprises, small-scale 
tourism service providers, tour operators, small-scale producers and sellers of local handicrafts, and community and municipal tourism associations and Guatemala  141,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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organizations. The approach also 
integrates cross-cutting themes of gender, ethnicity, conflict resolution, management of biodiversity and cultural resources in the design of components. 
Activity also supports credit access and 
financial services through local partnerships, leveraged multi-media marketing, and certification and 
business 
development services. Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  
 
       
Strengthening Environment 
for Sustained Growth of 
Exports in Guyana  The activity strengthens the environment 
for the sustained growth of value-added 
and non-traditional exports by: (1) 
building the capacity of trade policy 
institutions, and (2) enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises in the agro-processing, fisheries, tourism and wood products sectors/clusters. To date, 
the activity has: (1) completed a National 
Investment Guide which the government is using to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), (2) provided training for and established testing facilities for 
meat products and peanuts, paving the 
way for potential exports of these products for the first time, (3) helped the conclusion of several new multi-million dollar contracts involving local sawmills 
and international buyers as a result of 
participation in the International Wood Products Association (IWPA) Fair, and (4) mounted a national Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) Community Awareness 
Program (CSME). Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Guyana.  Guyana  198,000 
 
       
Center for International 
Private Enterprise in Haiti  The program is designed to mobilize the 
private sector through its formal associations to create economic growth. It will aim to achieve the following objectives: (1) build the institutional Haiti  400,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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capacity of private sector associations to 
promote economic growth and job creation, (2) improve the capacity of the associations to provide services and advocacy functions, and (3) increase the 
role of these associations in public policy 
reform. Funded by USAID/Haiti and implemented by USAID/EGAT/EG.  
 
       
Trade, Investment, and 
Competitiveness (TIC) Policy Support  Program technical approach includes 
three components: (1) the creation of a Policy Analyses and Recommendations (PAR) Unit which will focus its research and analysis in trade, investment, and 
competitiveness issues to formulate 
policies for the Government (2) full time advisors supported by the PAR unit to the Economic Cabinet and, (3) training and technical assistance to other government institutions, the private sector, and civil 
society to enhance their capacity to take 
full advantage of the opportunities offered by FTAs, and to comply with regulations stipulated under CAFTA. Program helps train customs officials in 
compliance related to CAFTA and the 
area of sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) standards. Among the main accomplishments to date are five study reports on key issues. Two of these have 
been used by the new government in 
shaping energy generation policies and in new statutes for hiring health service and educational professionals. Funded and implemented by USAID/Honduras.  Honduras  100,000 
 
       
Enterprise and Agribusiness 
Development/Competitiveness Program - Indonesia  Indonesia Enterprise and Agribusiness 
Development Activity/Indonesia Competitiveness Program (SENADA), 
focuses on at least six high-potential 
industry value chains, including the information and communications technology (ICT), transportation parts, and footwear industries. Regional Indonesia  1,803,425 TN/TF/W/151 
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competitiveness centers (RCCs) will be 
established with the goal to improve the productivity and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Advocacy activities will focus on 
removing constraints to growth and 
prosperity. Regional competitiveness alliances (RCAs), coordinated by RCCs, will work with existing associations, coalitions, members of regional and national government, and community 
leaders to improve the business 
environment. Accomplishments: four RCCs have been established with another one scheduled soon. Over 50 clients -small and medium enterprises - are being 
served and 18 have completed their first 
strategic action plans. Funded and implemented by USAID/Indonesia.  
 
       
Reducing Barriers to Market 
and Entries and Business Operations Program  Reducing Barriers to Market and Entries 
and Business Operations Program (PROMIS) focuses on: (1) support to local governments to shorten licensing procedures through One-Stop Licensing 
Centers. (2) Establish a community of 
practice to streamline business licensing. (3) Establish resource centers to provide technical assistance for local governments. (4) Reduce licensing 
requirements at the central and provincial 
levels. (5) E-government application for 
business licensing. (6) Institute regulatory 
impact assessment in local policymaking. (7) Also, PROMIS will help thegovernment to formulate regulation, for 
example, through regulatory impact 
assessments (RIAs). Results: (1) help creating local One-Stop Service (OSS) centers. (2) Help for the Ministry of Home Affairs to draft ministerial decree 
on OSS. (3) Integrate RIAs as part of the 
regulatory process on the local level. (4) Support for 5th annual district investment attractiveness rating. Funded and implemented by USAID/Indonesia.  Indonesia  750,000 
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Business Registry - Iraq  This activity supports the creation of a 
business registry in Iraq, which is 
maintained by the Ministry of Trade of Iraq. Funded and implemented by USAID/Iraq.  Iraq  2,315,898 
 
       
Competitiveness Clusters 
Developed in Jamaica  Recognizing that country competitiveness 
determines prosperity, and that competitiveness is determined by the 
ability of firms to provide unique 
products and services to customers, this activity focuses on competitive industries as the principal framework for industry sector and firm level assistance aimed at 
improving competitiveness. Activities are 
concentrated in three clusters (tourism, 
business management, entertainment and 
culture) and include technical assistance to facilitate the development of 
public/private partnerships and private 
sector partnerships throughout the value chain of firms, with the objective of generating networki ng benefits and 
enhancing the productivity of clusters. This technical assistance also includes, at 
the firm level, training in business 
management and technical skills assistance with the making of market linkages and joint procurements. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  20,000 
 
       
Business Environment 
Improved in Jamaica  One principal aim of the business 
environment activity is the creation of opportunities for small- and medium-
sized firms in the tourism, agribusiness 
and entertainment and culture clusters, with further emphases on the underserved sub-sectors. Technical assistance focuses on investing in human capital with 
targeted training interventions that are 
driven by the needs of the clusters and the community, so as to develop skill sets Jamaica  84,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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that are immediately marketable. This 
activity will also create a more enabling 
business environment through targeted 
private sector driven interventions in the regulatory processes that affect 
businesses, for example through the 
preparation of a Developers Manual, and through a series of workshops that will help small, medium and micro enterprises access financing. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  
 
       
Achievement of Market 
Friendly Initiatives and 
Results - Jordan  Achievement of Market Friendly 
Initiatives and Results (AMIR 2.0) is a 
broad technical assistance program 
designed to assist Jordan to improve its economic environment. AMIR helped to liberalize the telecommunications and information technology (IT) sectors, as well as expand capital markets in Jordan. 
Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  386,262 
 
       
Aqaba Zone Economic 
Mobilization  This activity supports the Aqaba special 
economic zone in its mission to expand economic development in southern Jordan. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  240,000 
 
       
Business Development Center 
- Jordan  The activity provides firm-level 
assistance to firms in Jo rdan to help them 
cope with the integration of Jordan into 
the global economy. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  600,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation and 
Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots 
participation in Kyrgyzstan of business, legal, and professional associations and Kazakhstan  225,768  TN/TF/W/151 
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other groups in efforts to reform 
legislation, administrative procedures, and practices that constrain the growth of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds 
demand for reforms to conform to 
internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates 
government officials and entrepreneurs 
on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) compliance issues, 
and (4) supports trade facilitation 
activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related issues and improving customs systems in Central Asia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian 
Republics.  
 
       
Enterprise Development 
Project  This activity includes enterprise 
improvement services, regional trade 
promotion (RTP), accounting reform, and a quality management center (QMC). (1) Enterprise improvement services provides SMEs with consulting services and 
manager advisors assist SMEs by helping 
create and implement strategies to resolve growth challenges. (2) RTP assists the development of Central Asia by promoting SME trade. (3) Accounting reform assistance provides guidance 
covering the components of a global 
accounting framework, such as financial and management accounting standards, a code of ethics, formation of professional associations, and administration of 
exams. (4) The QMC promotes the 
benefits of quality management and 
assists companies with International Standards Organization 9001-2000 implementation and certification. Over the past two years, 496 clients have been Kazakhstan  135,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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assisted with cumulative sales exceeding 
$560 million, orequivalent to 1.4 percent of the $40.7 billion GDP of Kazakhstan. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  
 
       
North Eastern Pastoral 
Development Program (NEPDP)  The North Eastern Pastoral Development 
Program (NEPDP) aims to increase incomes of pastoralists in the North 
Eastern Province of Kenya by focusing 
on constraints to livestock trade. The program supports development and strengthening of local and national level livestock trade commissions, provides 
animal health services that are required 
for domestic movement and international export of livestock, and provides limited support to market infrastructural development to enhance livestock trade. Trade associations are being strengthened 
in business services and trade 
capabilities. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  250,000 
 
       
Kenya Horticultural 
Development Program (KHDP)  The goal of the Kenya Horticultural 
Development Program (KHDP) is to increase incomes of 35,000 smallholders. This is addressed through three major 
components: (1) EUREPGAP (a private 
sector body that sets voluntary standards for the certification of agricultural products) and product traceability, (2) growth of local markets, and (3) new product development for smallholder 
producers. The program supports 
development and use of market information, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS), and increases the use of integrated pest management regimes to 
decrease pesticide use levels. It also 
increases access of small farmer to technologies that will increase their ability to trade internationally, regionally and domestically. To date out of 50,000 Kenya  80,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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outgrowers, 903 small farmers have been 
certified under EUREPGAP standards and 15,000 are in progress. The volume and value of domestic and export trade increased by 19.2 percent and 55 percent, 
respectively over 2004. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Kenya.  
 
       
Kenya Business Development 
Services program (KBDSP)  The Kenya Business Development 
Services program (KBDSP) increases 
access to business services in the tree fruits and fish sub-sectors with the aim of increasing trade and household incomes. The program develops smallholder 
groups and forges market linkages with 
prospective buyers, who in turn, provide business services. In the tree fruits sub-sector, over 600 producer groups representing over 16,000 smallholder farmers were developed. The firms 
provided a guaranteed market and offered 
prices 3 to 4 times higher than brokers. Yields of grade 1 avocados increased from less than 15 to over 60 per tree and prices increased by 250 percent. Three 
avocado oil processors began operations 
and bought 15 to 20 tons of avocados per day. In the fish sub-sector, about 14 groups of 440 women traders were linked with a firm who requires about 40 tons of 
Omena for export. The program also 
facilitated establishment of 11 banks with a total of 2,717 clients. The majority are women. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  600,000 
 
       
Kenya Dairy Development 
Program (KDDP)  The dairy program, through a market-
driven production system, aims to increase milk demand and improve 
efficiencies and benefits  to participants in 
the value chain--from farmers to consumers. Proposed interventions will improve the efficiency and benefits along the four key stages of the value chain: Kenya  90,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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production, processing, marketing/trade, 
and consumption. Fa rmer organizations 
and human resources capacity will be strengthened to lead to increased and sustainable benefits. The trade component 
in the program is expected to increased 
agricultural trade through creating a policy environment that promotes trade and competition. Improved performance of agricultural marketing systems improved delivery of services necessary 
to facilitate agricultural trade. To date, 
dairy products grew by 35 percent in volume while value grew by 29 percent. Training continues for informal traders to increase product quality, packaging, and 
diversification. Funded and implemented 
by USAID/Kenya.  
 
       
Kenya Maize Development 
Program (KMDP)  The maize program aims at increasing 
rural household incomes by increasing 
productivity of maize in target areas, linking farmers to markets more efficiently, providing sustainable services in marketing, trade, credit, and improving 
the capacity of farmer organizations as 
businesses. It supports policy reform to 
address constraints, promotes opportunities to increase domestic, regional and international trade leading to 
increased profits for all players in the 
value chain. The program has trained farmers on standards and grades, storage, and assembly of product, expanded maize products for trade, and bulked transport operations together to meet larger volume 
contracts with millers and large traders. 
By early 2006, farmers in the project areas had raised their productivity from a 
baseline of 8 bags (90 kg per bag) to 30 
bags (90 kg per bag) per acre. The 
average production cost per each 90 kg 
bag is Kshs. 617.50 against a target of 
Kshs. 630.00. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  160,000 
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Diversification of Kenyan 
Exports to U.S. Market under AGOA  This activity assists the Kenyan private 
sector to take advantage of opportunities for growth through exports under the 
African Growth and Opportunities Act. 
Activities under this component include assisting Kenyan exporters to access the U.S. market through implementation of trade promotion activities and building of 
business-to-
business linkages between 
Kenyan exporters and U.S. importers. The program is specifically assisting small, medium, and women-owned enterprises. As a result of USAID 
assistance, a market valued at $10 million 
for commercial crafts, leather, coffee and tea has been secured.  Working closely 
with the East Africa-American Business Council and University of Georgia, 50 companies producing textiles and 
apparels and handicraf ts were trained on 
market opportunities in Georgia. In 2005, assistance was provided to ten companies to participate at the ASAP Global Sourcing Show in Nevada, securing a 
market valued at $4.5 million. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/Kenya.  Kenya  300,000 
 
       
Private Sector Growth  The accelerated growth program for the 
private sector focuses Mission resources 
on improving enterprise capacity and 
business operating conditions as avenues 
to employment generation and economic efficiency and growth. USAID assistance 
focuses on creating the competitiveness 
of targeted clusters and enterprises, creating efficiencies in the market chain, and improving product quality while containing costs. A second focus is 
improvement of business operating 
conditions by encouraging the private sector to work with government authorities to create a favorable business environment in Kosovo. Support is provided to municipalities to implement 
local economic development plans. 
Funded and implemented by Kosovo  85,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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USAID/Kosovo.  
 
       
Business Advisor Assessment 
of Kyrgystan  From June 10th to 15th a retired Chief 
Executive Officer from a large U.S. 
corporation made his first visit to the Kyrgyz Republic as Business Advisor to Prime Minister Feliks Kulov. The objectives of the advisor will be to (1) assist the Kyrgyz government in 
developing two to three viable 
commercial projects in niche sectors that could provide a source for trade or potential foreign investment, (2) provide practical advice from a U.S. company 
perspective on how to improve the 
business environment and the conditions 
for trade and investment, (3) assist the U.S. government in designing initiatives and activities that will support U.S. commercial interests in the Kyrgyz 
Republic, including a trade and 
investment event in the United States highlighting business opportunities in the Kyrgyz Republic. The advisor has already conducted extensive meetings 
with the Kyrgyz government, including 
the Prime Minister, as well as several U.S. multi-national and local companies. Funded by USAID/E and E and implemented by Department of 
Commerce/CLDP.  Kyrgyzstan  30,000 
 
       
Enterprise Development 
Project  This activity includes enterprise 
improvement services, regional trade 
promotion (RTP), and accounting reform. 
(1) Enterprise improvement services provides SMEs with consulting services and manager advisors assist SMEs by helping create and implement strategies 
to resolve growth challenges. (2) RTP 
assists the development of Central Asia by promoting SME trade. (3) Accounting reform assistance provides guidance covering most of the components of a Kyrgyzstan  60,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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global accounting framework, such as 
financial and management accounting standards, a code of ethics, formation of professional associations, and administration of exams. USAID 
provides firm-level consulting to Kyrgyz 
businesses by offering clients specialized 
services. The sales volume of the 180 clients assisted to date is $74 million, or 3.3 percent of Kyrgyz GDP. The RTP network helped conduct 86 trade deals 
worth $7,158,000. The Russian language 
Certified International Professional Accountant (CIPA) Program continued to grow in demand. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian 
Republics.  
 
       
Trade Facilitation and 
Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots 
participation in Kyrgyzstan of business, 
legal, and professional associations and 
other groups in efforts to reform legislation, administrative procedures, and practices that constrain the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises 
(SMEs) and investment. It also builds 
demand for reforms to conform to internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies 
to implement market-oriented changes in 
regulations and laws, (2) educates government officials and entrepreneurs on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in dealing with World Trade 
Organization (WTO) compliance issues, 
and (4) supports trade facilitationactivities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related issues and improving customs 
systems in the Central Asia. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kyrgyzstan  51,616 
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Cold Chain Improvement 
Initiative  Twenty-three companies in El Salvador, 
Colombia, and Peru were assessed and 
audited yielding significant 
improvements to their operations such as 
better handling practices, product quality, 
energy needs, and facility design and efficiency. Program activities were also initiated in Mexico. The project activities 
significantly impact trade capacity 
building, regional and free trade 
agreements. For example, in Colombia the project resulted in starting a self-funded and directed Colombia Cold 
Chain Association, with an official 
signing ceremony on June 16 at the U.S. Department of Agriculture conference in Bogota. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Latin America 
and Caribbean 
ns  42,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at 
the community level with host country organizations and individuals to build 
their capacity to participate in global 
trade by helping to: (1) integrate information communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainable production and marketing efforts. Funded 
and implemented by Peace Corps.  Latin America 
and Caribbean ns  293,758 
 
       
Market Information 
Organization of the Americas  The Market Information Organization of 
the Americas (MIOA), created in 1999, is 
a technical cooperation network comprised of 20 government institutions in the Western Hemisphere that collect, process, analyze, and disseminate agricultural market information. The 
main purpose of MIOA is to promote 
market transparency through timely and systematic information exchanges. Access to market in formation among the 
countries of the Americas would help 
members to identify market opportunities Latin America 
and Caribbean 
ns  100,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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and improve their competitiveness. 
Activities include electronic linkages of market information systems, assessment of the market information systems in each country, and the development of a Pan-
American glossary of terms for exporters 
in the hemisphere towards the standardization of market reporting. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture.  
 
       
Seal of Quality and 
Agribusiness Assistance Program  The Macedonia Seal of Quality (SOQ) 
and Agribusiness Assistance Program assists domestic food industries to 
support the development of branded 
products that can be sold for premium prices and compete with imports in the increasingly competitive Macedonian marketplace. Activities that will contribute to building the capacity of the 
program for sustaina
bility and ensuring 
its further expansion include: (1) conducting a strategic assessment of the SOQ program and planning for the future handover to the Macedonian food 
industry, (2) raising products to higher 
levels of quality, thereby increasing sales and enhancing their brands, (3) expanding the scope of the SOQ Program to include the fruit and vegetable 
industries, and possibly other sectors as 
well. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  711,000 
 
       
e-BIZ Activity  The e-Biz Project is helping small and 
medium enterprises (SMEs) use information and communication technology (ICT) to strengthen their 
businesses. It partners with Macedonian 
entrepreneurs to offer ICT solutions that 
significantly improve SME competitiveness. To date, seven e-Biz Centers have been created offering many services. Computer-added design (CAD) Macedonia  429,783 TN/TF/W/151 
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and computer-aided manufacturing 
equipment (CAM) based services available include CAD for the apparel industry for pattern design, digitizing, grading and pattern making, and CAM 
services for apparel manufacturing 
companies. The footwear industry 
benefits from services including CAD for 
pattern design and pattern making, digitizing and grading, and CAM services for automated cutting. Machine tool 
companies are provided with services for 
tool design, production design, programming, 3-dimensional modeling, training services and technical support. Many other industries benefit from 
similar services. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  
 
       
Macedonian Competitiveness 
II Activity  The overall goal of the USAID 
Competitiveness II Activity is to improve 
the competitiveness of Macedonia and to increase value-added exports to achieve sustainable economic growth through stimulating investment in technology, 
innovation, human capacity and strategic 
partnerships. The project will have several inter-related components and cross-cutting themes. The emphasis throughout the project will be to use 
innovative and out-of-the-
box approaches 
to achieve significant results. The project should ensure that the achieved results have a catalytic effect on the overall economy. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  925,000 
 
       
Biologically Diverse Forest 
Ecosystems Conservation  Natural products promotion and 
ecotourism development are the two main 
activities employed to achieve 
Biologically Diverse Forest Ecosystems Conservation. The program promotes and increases the market presence of the natural products of Madagascar, such as Madagascar  75,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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aromatic, medicinal plants, spices, 
essential oils and handicrafts. Promoting these products, increasing value-added production, and creating market linkages is helping protect the biodiversity of 
Madagascar. The sector is improving 
production practices and is provided with alternatives to slash and burn techniques. USAID also provides technical assistance to farmers, agribusiness associations, and companies specializing in natural and 
biological products. Ecotourism 
development activities support the National Park Network. USAID assistance consists of training tour operators, development of norms and 
standards to ecotourism site development, 
and promotion of Madagascar as an ecotourism destination. Funded and implemented by USAID/Madagascar.  
 
       
Support for Agriculturally-
Linked Enterprises (SALES)  The primary goal of the Support for 
Agriculturally-Linked Enterprises (SALES) activity is to increase rural employment, incomes, investment, and 
trade in Malawi by spurring the growth 
and competitiveness of private sector agricultural enterprises and clusters. The project is expected to result in increased market access and increased ability for 
firms to find and engage in new markets. 
The project will achieve these results by expanding sales and trading partnerships, assisting agribusinesses in identifying and exploiting market niches, facilitating technology transfer, and assisting 
lobbying efforts of agribusiness to 
address government constraints that inhibit domestic sales and exports. As of March 2006, nearly 21,000 farmers received SALES training or technical 
assistance, 1,272 new jobs were created 
in the sectors targeted, and the annual volume of exports and value of exports increased 24 and 15 percent, respectively, for those enterprises assisted by SALES. Funded and implemented by Malawi  160,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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USAID/Malawi.  
 
       
National Smallholder 
Farmers Association of 
Malawi (NASFAM)  The National Smallholder Farmers 
Association of Malawi (NASFAM) 
Consolidation and Sustainability Program works to increase rural incomes by 
increasing the number of rural poor households participating in self-organized, self-sustaining, democratic 
farmer associations producing and 
marketing high-value crops for local, regional and international markets. Several major accomplishments include (1) increasing overall association 
membership to 108,224 households and 
expanding associations into Ntchisi and Nkhotakota, (2) with collaboration from other partners, penetrating European markets with groundnuts, (3) successfully 
branding kilombero rice and Farma nuts, 
(4) increasing own-generated income and 
introducing new operations systems, including membership fees to promote self-sustaining associations, and (5) working with other stakeholders towards 
the esta
blishment of the first Agriculture 
Commodity Exchange of Malawi. Funded and implemented by USAID/Malawi.  Malawi  35,000 
 
       
Mali Trade Promotion 
Program  The Mali Trade Promotion Program aims 
to expand access to regional and international markets for selected agricultural products for which Mali has a comparative advantage by enhancing 
commodity value chains competitiveness, 
and by creating an institutional and policy framework conducive to trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mali.  Mali  292,200 
 
       
Developing the Financial 
Sector in Mali  The Financial Sector Support project 
seeks to strengthen the financial services Mali  247,950  TN/TF/W/151 
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sector through increasing the provision of 
financial services from banks and microfinance institutions to agro-entrepreneurs and producer organizations, promoting investment opportunities, and 
building the capacity of stakeholders 
through training. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mali.  
 
       
Rural Prosperity and 
Conservation in Mexico  This activity is designed to increase the 
business and administrative skills of 
producer associations and small-scale producers in areas of high biodiversity. It supports trade-related agricultural 
development by introducing and 
promoting new production techniques.The activity conducted a series of market studies to identify opportunities and constraints to production and sale of new items. The activity supports environment 
sector trade and standards by focusing on 
sustainable products and their markets, such as shade coffee, cacao production, and a variety of forest products. The activity also promotes tourism sector 
development through market studies, 
community training, design and promotion of tourism clusters, and the creation of linkages between the larger scale tourism industry and community 
groups in areas of high biodiversity. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Mexico.  Mexico  358,500 
 
       
Training, Internships, 
Exchanges and Scholarships (TIES)  The Training, Internsh ip, Exchanges, and 
Scholarships (TIES) Program advances the objective of the Partnership for Prosperity, an initiative of President Bush and President Fox. TIES facilitates 
pursuit of a common development agenda 
between the United States and Mexico by 
enhancing the capacity of higher education institutions of both nations to examine mutual development problems, Mexico  334,103 TN/TF/W/151 
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work in strategic alliances to develop 
solutions, and create the basis for Mexico to benefit more fully from the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and a planned Free Trade Area 
of the Americas (FTAA). The overall 
TIES Program addresses training topics beyond trade-related issues. Only the share of funding for TIES related to TCB is reported in this activity report. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mexico.  
 
       
Telecommunications 
Management Training  The Telecommunications Management 
Training Program will provide training 
for approximately 16 delegates from 
Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon, Morocco, Tunisia, and Yemen to gain a better understanding of spectrum management and telecommunications/information 
technology policy and regulation issues. 
This two-part training program at the U.S. Telecommunications Training Institute will improve communications infrastructure management within the 
Middle East and North Africa and 
facilitate economic development in the region. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Middle East and 
North Africa ns  191,650 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at 
the community level with host country organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in global 
trade by helping to (1) integrate 
information communication technology, (2) provide training in entrepreneurship skills, and (3) to develop sustainableproduction and marketing efforts. Funded 
and implemented by Peace Corps.  Middle East and 
North Africa ns  35,559 
 
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Economic Policy Reform and 
Competitiveness Project - Mongolia  The Economic Policy Reform and 
Competitiveness Project (EPRC), conducted by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), works with relevant government officials 
in Mongolia to promote macroeconomic 
policy, energy sector reforms, and public dialogue. The project also includes work with businesses to promote their competitiveness in international markets. Major successes in the area of trade 
capacity building include the launching of 
a tourism portal that will make it possible to plan, book, and pay for a vacation in Mongolia from anywhere in the world, and facilitating the signing of cashmere 
production contracts worth over $3 
million. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mongolia.  Mongolia  136,089 
 
       
Rural Group Enterprises  This activity brings tens of thousands of 
family farmers into the market economy 
by helping them to organize themselves 
into business groups/associations that buy and sell products in commercial 
quantities. This activity also provides the 
business groups/associations with 
technical assistance to help them to meet international quality standards for export, identify markets, and obtain commercial 
financing. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Mozambique.  Mozambique  560,000 
 
       
Rural Financial Services  The Rural Financial Services activity 
provides technical assistance to identify 
and support the devel opment of financial 
services for a wide-range of rural 
businesses involved in agricultural 
production. The goal of the activity is to 
improve the competitiveness of 
Mozambican agro-exports by ensuring adequate and reasonably-priced financing. In addition to the direct technical assistance provided by USAID, Mozambique  80,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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the program leverages significant host-
country contributions and uses the Development Credit Authority to leverage private financial institution resources. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Mozambique.  
 
       
Business Development 
Services  The Business Development Services 
program work with Mozambican agri-
businesses and smallholder farmers to 
promote the production, processing, and export of agricultural products, including cashew, paprika, pigeon peas, and others. It includes market and value-chain 
analysis as well as technical assistance to 
Mozambican enterprises. Additionally, the program helps Mozambican enterprises to link with potential markets and buyers and to identify sources of commercial finance. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Mozambique.  Mozambique  350,000 
 
       
Forestry, Agriculture, and 
Tourism Alliance  The project focuses on strengthening the 
competitiveness and sustainability of 
agriculture and timber operation in these regions. It fosters new investment and trade, while supporting practices that 
benefit the environment as well as protect 
the rights and resources of workers and 
local communities. Funded and implemented by USAID/Nicaragua.  Nicaragua  200,000 
 
       
Fostering Economic Growth 
from National Protected and Forested Areas  This activity works in  the agricultural and 
natural resources sectors to help foster economic growth and sustain natural resources in Nicaragua. It also fosters tourism and other income generating 
activities in national protected and 
forested areas. Funded and implemented by USAID/Nicaragua.  Nicaragua  150,000 
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Pakistan Initiative for 
Strategic Development and Competitiveness  The Pakistan Initiative for Strategic 
Development and Competitiveness (PISDAC) project aims at increasing the competitiveness of Pakistani small- and medium-sized enterprises. Sectors 
currently covered under the project are 
gems, jewelry, dairy, and mar
ble granite. 
The project has worked with several prominent Pakistani industries and helped form three strategic working groups (SWOGs), which develop sector-specific 
strategies. These strategies are aimed at 
upgrading production, improving marketing and trade, as well as understanding and meeting consumer demand. The project is currently 
expanding its work into other industry 
sectors, such as horticulture and furniture. Funded and implemented by USAID/Pakistan.  Pakistan  1,500,000 
 
       
Beyond the Veil: The 
Embroidery Value Chain in Pakistan  The project is working with rural female 
embroiderers, linking them to agents, who are in turn selling to urban and export markets. Funded by 
USAID/EGAT/PR and implemented by . Pakistan  120,000 
 
       
Trade Capacity Building in 
Panama  The Trade Capacity Building (TCB) 
project implements and operates an 
assistance window that builds upon previous activities to help enhance export capacity and competitiveness of small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The facility works with the private sector 
with support from the Government of 
Panama. Results to date include: (1) shrimp, dairy and teak market reports, (2) guide on e-tourism, (3) reports on food safety for export, and on competitiveness, 
(4) technical assistance window for 
SMEs, a manual for the operation of the window, and three launching events to Panama  29,700 TN/TF/W/151 
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promote it, (5) established process for 
selecting proposals to receive technical assistance, and selected 24 proposals after receiving 54, (9) initiated development of individual project strategies and budgets 
for 24 projects, and (10) initiated process 
for collecting company contributions and managing the cost-sharing component of the project. Funded and implemented by USAID/Panama.  
 
       
Paraguay Poverty Reduction 
Program (Paraguay Vende)  The Paraguay Poverty Reduction 
Program (Paraguay Vende) consists of technical assistance to individual firms to 
increase sales and generate employment. 
The approach is demand driven and transactional. Funds are used to foster legitimate commerce and export-oriented 
business on the border with Brazil. In the 
Ciudad Del Este region, informal and 
illegal activities feed corruption and 
discourage investments. Funded and implemented by USAID/Paraguay.  Paraguay  580,000 
 
       
Programa Integral para el 
Desarrollo del Cafe  Programa Integral para el Desarrollo del 
Café (PIDECAFE) will coordinate the delivery of training, technical assistance, post-harvest processing, marketing 
services and citizenship exercises to 
approximately 760 farm families and their collective associations within a regional development program to market organic cacao and granulated brown sugar. Funded and implemented by Inter 
American Foundation.  Peru  79,988 
 
       
Poverty Reduction and 
Alleviation in Peru  Poverty Reduction and Alleviation (PRA) 
Economic Service Centers (ESCs) help 
businesses in the economic corridors of 
Peru to develop and grow. Expanded access to national and international Peru  3,975,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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markets is facilitated through technical 
assistance, organization of local supply chains, adoption of new technology, and improved marketing. In fiscal year 2005 ESC created an equivalent of 12,890 jobs 
and generated nearly $34 million in new 
sales. Technical assistance stimulated private sector investment of $8.8 million during the reporting period. Expansion of agricultural-processing businesses (e.g., artichoke, corn, trout, coffee and flowers) 
for national and international markets (37 
of sales from these businesses are exports) are successfully including 770 small producers in value chains. Funded and implemented by USAID/Peru.  
 
       
Peru-Ecuador Border Region 
Development  The Peru-Ecuador Border program 
achieves economic integration of the border region through increased 
international trade and investment. 
Economic activity in the border region is generated mostly through informal micro and small enterprises. The lack of infrastructure and the absence of financial 
and non-financial services for small 
businesses hinder economic opportunities 
for the border populations, which are among the poorest in the country. The Peru-Ecuador Border Program efforts are 
directed at improving the business 
environment, increasing access to key economic infrastructure and financial services, and enhancing the competitiveness of small enterprises. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Peru.  Peru  445,000 
 
       
Creating Conditions for 
Economic Revitalization 
(CRECER)  Creating Conditions for Economic 
Revitalization (CRECER) lays the 
foundation for sustained trade-led economic growth and increased market access for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Support will be Peru  529,600 TN/TF/W/151 
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provided within the context of the Peru 
Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA). CRECER will continue to support Government of Peru efforts to improve the competitiveness of Peru and the 
productivity of its enterprises, will 
facilitate the adoption of administrative reforms, and will assist the Government of Peru in improving the efficiency of the financial and business development services markets. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Peru.  
 
       
Economic Modernization 
through Efficient Reforms 
and Governance Enhancement  The Economic Modernization through 
Efficient Reforms and Governance 
Enhancement (EMERGE) program focuses on policy reforms related to trade, investment, and fiscal reforms that are essential for accelerated and sustainable growth. The main themes of the project 
are improving competitiveness, 
expanding trade and investments by enhancing trade liberalization and facilitation, as well as reducing policy-induced restrictions and transactions cost 
of investments. Funded and implemented 
by USAID/Philippines.  Philippines  70,000 
 
       
Growth with Equity in 
Mindanao - 2 Program  The Growth with Equity in Mindanao-2 
(GEM-2) program helps Mindanao producers to take advantage of the sizeable market that is offered by China and other countries. The program will help the producers to identify market 
opportunities, develop appropriate 
products, and improve production and marketing efficiencies. Funded and implemented by USAID/Philippines.  Philippines  1,000,000 
 
       
Agribusiness Development 
and Agriculture Policy Through this activity USAID provides 
technical assistance and training to Romania  111,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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Support  governmental agencies and agribusiness 
associations to improve food safety standards that will meet European Union requirements, and assist Romanian farmers improve agricultural product 
compliance with international trade 
standards. Using technical assistance provided by land grant university partners, the project assists public agencies and private consulting firms develop capacity in U.S. food safety 
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control 
Point (HACCP) techniques and methods. Funded and implemented by USAID/Romania.  
 
       
Enterprise Development and 
Strengthening in Romania  The U.S. Agency for International 
Development (USAID) assists local private companies and business support organizations to improve their 
competitiveness and exports in industries 
that have international comparative advantage. USAID provides technical assistance and training that facilitates 
business linkages, enables small business 
to have access to and knowledge of new 
production technologies, helps develop marketing and export strategies based on market research studies, and assists 
businesses improve product quality or 
develop new products. The activity also 
provides the required international certification training for informationtechnology businesses in order for these companies to become competitive on the international market. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Romania.  Romania  408,814 
 
       
Global Initiatives for 
Proliferation Prevention  The Global Initiatives for Proliferation 
Prevention (GIPP) program has two parts 
that advance trade capacity building. First, the Nuclear Cities Initiative helps Russia in moving its nuclear weapons experts to civilian jobs through Russia  784,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Funding 
infrastructure and worker transition 
projects in closed nuclear cities in Russia. NCI has helped displaced nuclear weapons experts by developing physical and business infrastructure in such cities, 
helping to establish sustainable 
enterprises, and furthering economic diversification. Second, the Initiatives for Proliferation Prevention (IPP), engages former Soviet weapons of mass destruction scientists, engineers, and 
technicians in peaceful and sustainable 
commercial pursuits. Through cooperation between these former professionals and U.S. enterprises, IPP identifies non-military, commercial 
applications for former Soviet 
technologies. These partnerships provide commercial opportunities, market access, and income for former Soviet weapons scientists. Funded and implemented by Department of Energy.  
 
       
Policy Advocacy and Business 
Association Support  The objective of this program is to 
strengthen capacity of the regional 
business associations to advocate 
successfully for improvement in the administrative and policy environment affecting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The program has 
produced many achievements: (i) 12 
regional coalitions were established and technical assistance was provided to implement their policy agendas, (ii) eight policy agendas were developed and unveiled, (iii) a public-private dialogue 
seminar was conducted to bring together 
the eight coalitions to finalize and present their policy agendas, (iv) a program, Small Business 2004, was launched 
by the Russian Chamber of Commerce 
and Industry and OPORA Russia, 
focusing on six key priority areas for federal-level advocacy efforts to improve state regulation of entrepreneurs. Funded and implemented by USAID/Russia.  Russia  500,000 
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Partnership Enhancing 
Agriculture in Rwanda through Linkages (PEARL)  Partnership Enhancing Agriculture in 
Rwanda through Linkages (PEARL) works with rural communities across Rwanda to generate income through product development and market 
linkages. The project is working with 
grower cooperatives on the production and marketing of specialty coffee and cassava products. With increasing attention to quality control and consistency in production, the customer 
base has expanded steadily and now 
includes importers in the United States, European Union, and Africa. Funded and implemented by USAID/Rwanda.  Rwanda  60,000 
 
       
Partnerships to Enhance 
Rural Enterprise and Agribusiness Development  USAID/Rwanda will support a new 
integrated project for Sustaining Partnerships to enhance Rural Enterprise 
and Agribusiness Development 
(SPREAD) in Rwanda. This project will 
build on recent achievements by 
USAID/Rwanda in the areas of agribusinesses and cooperative development. The overall program 
objective is to target rural enterprises 
(cooperative and agribusinesses) involved in productive sub-sectors, particularly specialty coffee, by providing them with appropriate and sustainable technical 
assistance in order to increase incomes 
and improve livelihoods. Funded and implemented by USAID/Rwanda.  Rwanda  200,000 
 
       
Senegal Accelerated Growth 
and Increased Competitiveness (SAGIC)  The USAID/Senegal economic growth 
program, Senegal Accelerated Growth and Increased Competitiveness (SAGIC), provides support for accelerated growth and increased competitiveness for trade. 
It builds on the successful work of 
USAID/Senegal on competitiveness enhancement, the West Africa Trade Senegal  375,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Hubs in Dakar and Accra, and the 
Agricultural and Natural Resource Management Program of USAID/Senegal which helps local communities to increase trade in natural and non-
traditional resources. The program seeks 
to (1) encourage policies in favor of private sector investment and increased trade, (2) promote public-private partnerships, and (3) expand business development services, giving new 
entrepreneurs the tools they need to 
succeed. Funded and implemented by USAID/Senegal.  
 
       
Serbia Enterprise 
Development Project  The Serbia Enterprise Development 
Project helps businesses in Serbia to create well-paying, skilled jobs by producing higher quality products and by integrating Serbia with international 
markets. The components of the project 
include (1) assisting companies to develop products, identify new markets, fulfill quality standards, and improve marketing, (2) promoting a more positive 
investment climate, (3) helping to remove 
legal and regulatory obstacles, (4) introducing university curricula to meet new market demands, (5) providing cost-sharing grants for businesses. Successes 
of the project include (1) facilitating more 
than $200 million in  increased exports 
and sales, creating thousands of new jobs, (2) directing assistance for $20 million in new contracts for Serbian companies, (3) $10 million in new capital investment, (4) 
reintroducing Serbian products to 
international markets, (5) contributing to reform of key laws, (6) modernizing university curricula. Funded and implemented by USAID/Serbia.  Serbia and 
Montenegro (FRY)  416,700 
 
       
Land Bank Study Tours  A total of 16 Land Bank staff are being 
trained in United States agricultural credit South Africa  18,765  TN/TF/W/151 
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and lending practices through two two-
week study tours to visit key agricultural 
banking and credit institutions in the 
Midwest United States, a program co-funded by Land Bank and USAID. 
Participants are being hosted by the 
former rural finance advisor to the National Department of Agriculture and the Land Bank. They will be working with and learning from senior and technical staff from several farm credit 
organizations in North Dakota and 
Wisconsin. The trip is an intensive two week program and will be followed in August by a second program for another eight participants from the Land Bank. 
Funded and implemented by 
USAID/South Africa.  
 
       
Support for Economic 
Growth Analysis/Mandela 
Economics Scholars Program II  Support for Economic Growth 
Analysis/Mandela Economics Scholars 
Program (SEGA/MESP) II continues the work of SEGA-MESP I, which began in late-2004. The program provides several avenues to advance economic growth 
analysis. Activities include providing 
economic training for parliamentarians, supporting trade capacity development research at South African universities, facilitating trade and poverty studies and 
research, training labor union leaders, 
providing advisory services to the South African government, helping to strengthen lending to small enterprises, promoting research and advisory services assistance to the South African Tax 
Institute (SATI), and providing continued 
support for the Mandela Economic Scholars Program. The $2,532,707 funding amount does not include $364,942 of funds provided to the activity 
from DFID, a supporter of the program. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/South Africa.  South Africa  685,415 
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South African International 
Business Linkages (SAIBL)  The South African International Business 
Linkages Program (SAIBL) is 
implemented through a cooperative 
agreement with the Washington, D.C.-
based Corporate Council on Africa, and is 
implemented in South Africa by a local consulting firm. The program includes three components. (1) SAIBL-Core Small 
and Medium Enterprise Development 
provides business development, and financial, trade, and market access services to manufacturing and service sector SMEs. (2) The SAIBL-Promoting 
Agribusiness Linkages program (SAIBL-
PAL) provides market linkages, business development services, and training in grades and standards for SME agricultural firms engaged in or seeking to expand into national and international 
trade in agricultural and other food 
products. (3) SAIBL-TRADE promotes exports by building export trade capacity and market linkages. During FY 2006 accomplishments are on track to include 
over 2,000 new jobs and Rand 1.12 
Billion in export and domestic sales. Funded and implemented by USAID/South Africa.  South Africa  1,056,120 
 
       
Trade Facilitation and 
Capacity Building  This activity is in support of the 
implementation of the Presidential Trade Initiative for Southern Africa. The physical actions are the operation of the 
Trade Hub and provision of technical 
services in support of improving trade competitiveness and accessing African Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) opportunities. Under this activity, RCSA 
foster Trade negotiation capacity for 
regional economic communities such as Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and their respective members, provide policy assistance on improving 
business environments and implement 
regional transport and customs 
integration and investment. The activity Southern Africa 
ns  1,462,860  TN/TF/W/151 
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has two focus areas: one is more engaged 
in transactions and work with firms, clusters and trade connections as well as improving the Trade ability of the private sector and the other is more engaged with 
the public sector and improving the doing 
business climate. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/RCSA.  
 
       
South Asia Regional Initiative 
for Energy  The South Asia Regional Initiative for 
Energy (SARI/Energy) promotes regional energy security through market development, cross-
border trade and 
increased access to clean energy.
Countries include: Afghanistan, Pakistan, 
India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. The program focuses on: (1) Energy markets development- increase appropriate transparent and market-
based practices to 
help the development of the energy sector 
and the formation of an Indian and other South Asian electricity market platforms. (2) Cross-border energy trade- facilitate the development of country-to-country 
energy transportation infrastructure for 
energy trade and development of regional energy resources. (3) Access to clean energy resources- investment in clean energy, including distributed renewable 
energy, large grid-connected clean 
energy, and energy savings projects. Funded by USAID/ANE and implemented by USAID/India.  Southern Asia 
ns  209,100 
 
       
Trade Facilitation  Peace Corps Volunteers are working at 
the community level with host country organizations and individuals to build their capacity to participate in global 
trade by assisting with (1) information 
communication technology integration, (2) skills training in entrepreneurship, (3) and the development of sustainable production and marketing efforts. Funded Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  456,507 TN/TF/W/151 
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and implemented by Peace Corps.  
 
       
Trade and Investment 
Support in Select African 
Countries  The African Development Foundation 
(ADF) is a U.S. Government agency and 
corporation that makes direct investment in African small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs), agri-
businesses, and 
smallholder farming operations, in order 
to diversify their product lines, enhance 
quantity and quality of production, and 
enable them to access regional and global markets. The ADF business model(which involves African-led, on-the-ground operations, country- and industry-specific 
investment strategies, host government 
co-investment, and private sector partnership(allows the agency to serve as a catalyst for enterprise development in Africa. ADF responds to unsolicited funding proposals from African SMEs, 
agricultural producer groups, 
cooperatives, and community-
based 
organizations. ADF helps its grantees diagnose their constraints, assess market opportunities, conduct financial analyses 
on investment options, and develop 
business plans to support commercially 
viable activities. Funded and implemented by African Development Foundation.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  3,808,000 
 
       
Agriculture Marketing and 
Enterprise Development Program  The Agricultural Marketing and 
Enterprise Development Program in the Sudan has two primary objectives: (1) to 
strengthen market and enterprise 
development in selected urban areas as a means of increasing private sector employment and (2) to build the capacity of local community, county, and state 
level government and civil society 
organizations to provide effective support to livelihood development and employment generation initiatives with a focus on the reintegration of intersectoral Sudan  1,750,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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partnerships (ISPs). Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Sudan.  
 
       
Trade Facilitation and 
Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots 
participation in Tajikistan of business, legal, and professional associations and other groups in efforts to reform legislation, administrative procedures, and practices that constrain the growth of 
small- and medium-sized enterprises 
(SMEs) and investment. It also builds demand for reforms to conform to internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The activity (1) 
assists appropriate government agencies 
to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates government officials and entrepreneurs on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides 
assistance in dealing with World Trade 
Organization (WTO) compliance issues, and (4) supports trade facilitation activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-
related issues and improving customs 
systems in Central Asia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Tajikistan  29,625 
 
       
Certified International 
Accounting Professional (CIPA) Program - Ukraine  The purpose of the Certified International 
Accounting Professional (CIPA)Ukraine Project is to enhance the quality of the accounting profession 
with the aim of improving the accuracy 
and credibility of financial reporting. The objectives of the project will include (1) helping the professional accountancy association achieve financial 
sustainability to take the lead in 
accounting reform, including transition to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), (2) helping CIPA training providers strengthen and broaden Ukraine  255,204 TN/TF/W/151 
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their network across the country, (3) 
helping the CIPA Examination Network establish its operations as an independent and sustainable entity, which will increase awareness of the CIPA 
certification among industry and the 
government and improve efficiency and transparency of tax administration through tax and financial accounting reconciliation. Funded by USAID/Ukraine and implemented by 
USAID/EGAT/EG.  
 
       
BIZPRO  BIZPRO contributes to the economic 
development of Ukraine by providing 
assistance that improves the ability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to operate and compete in local and international markets. BIZPRO is focused on two tasks: providing market 
development support and enhancing the 
SME enabling environment. The project helps the public and private sector in selected municipalities formulate and implement balanced and predictable 
regulations that improve the business 
climate. These activities promote the one-stop-shop concept, improving the ability of Ukrainian SMEs to grow and compete in local, regional, and international 
markets. Sector and enterprise level 
initiatives showed significant results in 2005: apparel manufacturers increased exports to Russia by $400,000 and domestic sales grew by 40 percent, producers of construction materials 
increased turnover by 20 percent, and 
Crimean tour operators increased package sales tours by 160 percent. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  Ukraine  60,000 
 
       
Trade Facilitation and 
Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots 
participation in Uzbekistan of business, legal, and professional associations and Uzbekistan  48,517  TN/TF/W/151 
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Funding 
other groups in efforts to reform 
legislation, administrative procedures, and practices that constrain the growth of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds 
demand for reforms to conform to 
internationally-recognized trade and investment requirements. The activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates 
government officials and entrepreneurs 
on existing laws and practices that limit SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) compliance issues, 
and (4) supports trade facilitation 
activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related issues and improving customs systems in Central Asia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian
Republics.  
 
       
Vietnam Competitiveness 
Initiative  Vietnam Competitiveness Initiative is a 
three to five year economic growth 
project, by the US Agency for International Development, to improve the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam. Its 
activities are in three areas: (i) Improve 
business policy environment through a 
provincial competitiveness index (PCI) that ranks over 40 provinces on their economic governance, and related policy studies and public-private dialogue 
events. (ii) Assist the information and 
communications technology (ICT), fruit and home furnishings industries through various initiatives. These include more ICT usage in trade, adopting international 
standards for exports in accordance with 
WTO rules, better market access and distribution channels to foreign markets and more access into foreign market by promoting Vietnamese products in international trade shows and exhibitions. Vietnam  70,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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(iii) Help joint stock banks in Vietnam to 
improve their capacity to lend more to SMEs. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  
 
       
Mission Support Costs to 
Trade Capacity Building  This activity provides appropriate 
supervision and technical assistance and support to trade capacity building activities in West Africa. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  58,836 
 
       
West Africa Trade Hub  The West Africa Trade Hub in Accra, 
Ghana opened in 2003 with a second hub 
in Dakar, Senegal opening in 2005. Theobjective of the Trade Hubs is to encourage West African businesses to take advantage of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), and to develop 
capacity for better engagement in the 
multilateral trading system. The Hub activities support four key areas: trade capacity building, AGOA export development, AGOA support services 
and information dissemination. Funded 
and implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  1,423,521 
 
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Market Access, Trade and 
Enabling Policy Environment (MATEP) Project  The Market Access, Trade and Enabling 
Policies (MATEP) project is designed to increase the exports of Zambia in agricultural and natural resource products. The project has five interlinked 
components: Trade and Enabling Policy, 
Market Access, Tourism, Finance, and HIV/AIDS. Trade and Enabling Policy focuses on domestic policies that constrain Zambian exports, and on trade agreements which may expand exports. 
Market Access identifies potential 
markets for export and works with exporters to facilitate transactions. The Tourism component helps to raise the profile of Zambia as a major tourist and 
international conference destination in 
Africa. Finance will use $2 million in investment capital to create private sector investment funds that provide short-term export financing and medium-term investment capital to exporters. The 
HIV/AIDS component collaboratively 
designs and implements prevention programs while mainstreaming prevention activities into client-
business 
operations. Funded a nd implemented by 
USAID/Zambia.  Zambia  60,000 
 
      
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  TCB Sub-Category: Regional Trade Agreements (RTA)  
Year: 2006  
Total Funding: $14,362,701  
 
(Note: Funding values are not necessarily activity totals, but represent the proportion of the activity allocated to this trade faciltitation sub-category.)  
RTA Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Technical and 
Training Support 
to Association of Southeast Asian Nations  The Association of Southeast Asian Nations 
(ASEAN)-US technical assistance training facility is 
designed to advance the goals of the US-ASEAN Cooperation Plan and strengthens ASEAN as a regional institution by: (1) Strengthening the ASEAN Secretariat as regards to regional economic integration, transnational issues and regional security. 
(2) Enhancing ASEAN economic integration and 
cooperation. (3) Improving regional responses to transnational issues. The facility consists of policy studies, assessments, trainings, and activities covering seven discrete activity streams: sector integration,
investment, customs, trade facilitation, trade in 
services, trade negotiations, tr ade-related coordination, 
dialog, and strengthened secretariat resources. Each activity stream responds to one or more specific directive of the Vientiane Action Program (VAP), 
current six year plan by ASEAN for progressing 
toward integration. Funded and implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  ASEAN 
Secretariat  2,209,869 
 
       
Bolivian Trade 
and Business Competitiveness 2 (BTBC 2)  The Bolivian Trade and Business Competitiveness 
Activity (BTBC 2) works to increase the competitive production of goods and services, facilitate trade, expand market access and attract foreign investment. Training and direct technical assistance to small and 
medium-sized businesses in the value-added, labor-
intensive export sector improves their ability to take advantage of trade opportunities. Regional business promotion centers (El Alto, Cochabama, Santa Cruz) connect producers to markets. The program supports civil society outreach, feedback on trade, and private 
sector advocacy efforts to communicate the 
opportunities and challenges of trade and markets. From October 2005 to March 2006, the program generated $4.5 million in new exports (a large share of the total increase in non-traditional exports), 512 new 
direct jobs, and incorporated an additional 85 small 
businesses into exporting networks. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Bolivia.  Bolivia  540,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement including customs post importation, audit, valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial 
operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru 
and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Bolivia  3,600 
 
       
Caribbean Open 
Trade Support Program (COTS)  COTS facilitates the transition of Eastern Caribbean 
countries from traditional, preferences-
based trading 
regimes to open trade, and to enable them to compete more successfully and sustainably in the global economy. The program also supports efforts to adopt 
and participate in the CARICOM Single Market and 
Economy (CSME), thereby collectively strengthening the regional framework for global competition. COTS, operating primarily within the countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), has 
five themes: private sector development, governance, 
public-private interface, public awareness, and resilience to natural disasters. Technical assistance is targeted at improving the business environment through the updating of business legislation and administrative reform. Assistance is also given to the 
private business community to improve external 
market linkages. Small grants are used to dissemination public information on trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Caribbean ns  391,298 
 
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Caribbean 
Community (CARICOM) Legislative Drafting Facility  Prior to this fiscal year, the Regional Legislative 
Drafting Facility (RLDF) was established to draft laws related to trade, and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) provided technical assistance to the RLDF in support of this effort. Under the 
current program, additional technical assistance is 
being given with the primary focus being to draft laws which will enable the establishment of a Caribbean Single Market and Economy. Laws which relate to the movement of goods, services, labor, capital and the rights of establishment are critical to support increased 
business opportunities and ultimately trade throughout 
the region, and are therefore being addressed. To date, the RLDF has drafted legislation for customs, 
banking, and free movement of skills within the 
region. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica. Caribbean ns  900,000 
 
       
Successful 
Implementation of CAFTA-DR 
Treaty 
Requirements by Governments  The U.S. Agency for International Development 
Regional Mission will provide technical assistance and training to countries in the region to meet obligations 
from the Central American and Dominican Republic 
Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR) Chapter Four -Rules of Origin (ROO), Chapter Five - Customs reform, and Chapter 19 - Trade Capacity Building. Specifically, this means that CAFTA-DR countries are 
successfully implementing the requirements specified 
in Chapters 4 and 5 by th e deadlines established in the 
treaty and that CAFTA-DR countries are provided regionally oriented technical assistance coordinated through the Trade Capacity Building Committee 
process. Funded and implemented by USAID/E CAM. Central America 
ns  200,000 
 
       
CAFTA-DR 
Trade 
Integration 
Initiative: Transportation  This grant will provide technical assistance to 
transportation sector projects in support of the recently 
announced U.S. Trade and Development Agency 
(USTDA) sponsored CAFTA-DR Trade Integration Initiative. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Central America 
ns  430,000 
 
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Stability Pact 
Trade Working Group Meeting in Berlin, Germany  In February 2006, the Department of Commerce 
Commercial Law Development Program provided assistance to the Stability P act Trade Working Group 
(SPTWG) by sponsoring the attendance of the Trade Working Group (TWG) representatives to a meeting 
in Berlin, Germany. Th e meeting discussed and 
determined the method of a single Free Trade Agreement (FTA) recommended by the TWG to the Stability Pact Trade Ministers. It is hoped that the Ministers will mandate the TWG to prepare such an agreement for signature in 2006 and implementation 
in 2007. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce/CLDP.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  49,000 
 
       
Stability Pact 
Trade Working Group Meeting in London  The Department of Commerce Commercial Law 
Development Program provided assistance to the Stability Pact Trade Working Group (SPTWG) by sponsoring the attendance of the Trade Working Group (TWG) representatives to a meeting in London, England, in December, 2005. The meeting discussed 
and determined the method of a single Free Trade 
Agreement (FTA) recommended by the TWG to the Stability Pact Trade Ministers. It is hoped that the Ministers will mandate the TWG to prepare such an agreement for signature in 2006 and implementation 
in 2007. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce/CLDP.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  60,000 
 
       
Stability Pact 
Trade Working 
Group Meeting in Slovenia (July 2006)  The Commercial Law Devel opment Program (CLDP) 
of the U.S. Department of Commerce will continue to 
provide ongoing assistance to the Stability Pact Trade Working Group (SPTWG) by sponsoring the attendance of the Trade Working Group (TWG) representatives to a meeting in Ljubljana, Slovenia on 
July 19, 2006. Funded by Department of State and 
implemented by Department of Commerce/CLDP.  Central and 
Eastern Europe 
ns  50,000 
 
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Balkan Regional 
Energy Market Initiative  USAID is supporting the Athens Process to create an 
energy community in Southeast Europe. A formal treaty is now in force and USAID is providing support for development of competitive electricity and gas markets. This activity focuses on regulatory 
development and harmoni zation among countries to 
facilitate cross border trade and create the framework for major new investments that are needed to meet growing energy demands and enhance energy security. Funded and implemented by USAID/E and E.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  150,000 
 
       
Chilean Customs 
Advance Rulings and Customs 
Valuation  This technical assistance grant will help Chilean 
Customs meet their obligations under the U.S.-Chile Free Trade Agreement (U.S.-Chile FTA), specifically 
Article 5.10(1)(b) on advance rulings and the 
application of customs valuation criteria. The technical assistance will develop a draft regulation on advance rulings, establish new procedures, develop and deliver training for Chilean Customs officers, and provide tools, such as training manuals, to assist 
Chilean Customs with implementation. The program 
will also help design advance rulings and valuation databases, which Chilean Cust oms can use to facilitate 
the processing of advance rulings and the application of customs valuation. Funded and implemented by 
Trade and Development Agency.  Chile  84,945 
 
       
U.S. - China 
Biotechnology 
Working Group 
II  This annual meeting serves as a forum to expand 
discussions on agricultural biotechnology, namely 
biosafety regulation coordination, information 
exchange and technical capacity building between both countries. In addition to the high-level meetings that occurred in China and the U.S., both sides gathered for technical workshops in Hawaii and 
Shanghai to discuss risk assessment for cotton and 
rice. This program is coordi nated by the International 
Cooperation and Development Division and the Foreign Agricultural Service Biotechnology Group, in conjunction with the Emerging Markets Office. 
Funded and implemented by Department of 
Agriculture/FAS.  China (P.R.C.)  4,468 
 
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U.S. - China 
Biotechnology Technical Working Group  This annual meeting serves as a forum to expand 
discussions on agricultural biotechnology, namely 
biosafety regulation coordination, information 
exchange and technical capacity building between both countries. In addition to the high-level meetings 
that occurred in China and the U.S., both sides 
gathered for technical workshops in Hawaii and Shanghai to discuss risk assessment for cotton and rice. This program is coordi nated by the International 
Cooperation and Development Division and the Foreign Agricultural Service Biotechnology Group, in 
conjunction with the Emerging Markets Office. 
Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  China (P.R.C.)  3,001 
 
       
Licensing and 
Tender Capacity - National Hydrocarbons Agency of 
Columbia  The activity will provide technical assistance for the 
National Hydrocarbons Agency (ANH) of Columbia to improve its capacity to carry out its upstream licensing and tender responsibilities. The technical assistance would contribute to developing the 
hydrocarbon resources of Columbia and would help 
attract new investment. F unded and implemented by 
Trade and Development Agency.  Colombia  125,000 
 
       
Cartagena Secure 
Port Initiative  The technical assistance provided by this activity will 
support the Port Authority of Cartagena, Sociedad Portuaria Regional de Cartagena S.A., in its efforts to improve maritime cargo security at the Port of Cartagena in Colombia. The Cartagena Secure Port 
Initiative would promote security enhancements at the 
Port of Cartagena, which ships over one-quarter of its total container volume to the United States. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency. Colombia  199,981 
 
       
Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance 
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement including customs post importation, audit, 
valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial 
operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Colombia  2,700 TN/TF/W/151 
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Strengthened 
Capacity to Meet Trade Obligations by 
the Dominican 
Republic  This activity assists the Dominican Republic in trade 
negotiations, the administration of trade agreements and transition to free trade. It builds capacity in international arbitration, trade database management, 
technical trade barriers, rules of origin, market access, 
government procurement, investment and services, tourism sector, intellectual property rights, dispute settlement, tariff-rate quotes, agricultural safeguards, 
U.S. food import laws, and civil society outreach. It provides trade sector studies of textiles, apparel, 
footwear, electronic/electrical equipment, medical 
equipment, and other products. It also supports the development of a communications strategy for the CAFTA-DR. Funded and implemented by USAID/Dominican Republic.  Dominican 
Republic  435,700 
 
       
Regional 
Agricultural 
Trade Expansion 
Support Program (RATES)  The Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Support 
(RATES) Program is a USAID Regional Economic 
Service Office for East and Southern Africa 
(USAID/REDSO/ESA) activity whose main objective is to increase the volume and value of trade in selected agricultural commodities. In order to respond to trade constraints affecting selected commodity value-chains and those affecting agricultural trade in general, 
REDSO/ESA is using a hub-and-satellite approach 
aimed at enhancing trade efficiency and competitiveness. Regional trade in the five commodities that RATES is focusing on has helped increase trade in specialty  coffee exports by 15 
percent, inter regional trade in maize/grain increased 
from $32 million to $47 million, cotton by 86 percent, and dairy products by 179 percent from 2001 baseline figures. In addition, private sector institutions have 
been established for all the five commodities to 
facilitate trade and ensure sustainability. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/REDSO.  Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  1,672,735 
 
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East and Central 
Africa Trade Hub (ECA Trade Hub)  In October 2001, President Bush announced the Trade 
for African Development and Enterprise (TRADE) Initiative to assist African businesses to take better advantage of AGOA. In order to foster and advocate public/private dialogue under the TRADE Initiative, to 
assist with needed policy and regulatory changes, and 
to facilitate transactions, USAID created three regionally-
based global trade competitiveness hubs. 
The purpose of this activity is to reinforce regional efforts to enhance the trad e competitiveness of East 
and Central Africa and thereby take greater advantage 
of the increased trading opportunities provided by the 
Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) and other global trade initiatives. The East and Central Africa region (ECA) has the potential to enhance its economic growth prospects and therefore improve the 
lives of the majority of its people through increased 
trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/REDSO.  Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  466,050 
 
       
Common Market 
for Eastern and 
Southern Africa (COMESA)  The Strategic Objective Grant Agreement (SOAG) 
between the Common Market for Eastern and 
Southern Africa (COMESA) and USAID/East Africa is helping the region achieve regional food security by focusing on improving management capacity of selected regional organizations, increasing regional 
trade, disseminating improved technologies and best 
practices, increasing networking, and harmonizating regional policies on trade, telecommunications, agriculture, gender, and environment. Funded and implemented by USAID/REDSO.  Eastern and 
Central Africa ns  223,000 
 
       
Free Trade 
Negotiations Support 
Component in 
Ecuador  The first stage of the program has focused mainly on 
free trade negotiation (FTA) negotiations. For 2006, providing information to the population as well as to 
Ecuadorian Congress will be emphasized. Also 
activities to promote labor reform, reforming of laws and regulations that regulate sanitary and phytosanitary standards will be emphasized, among other areas. The activity will also focus on creating 
awareness and developing consensus on the need for 
trade labor reform, as well as work on sanitary and phytosanitary standards. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Ecuador.  Ecuador  315,000 TN/TF/W/151 
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Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance 
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement including customs post importation, audit, valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial 
operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru 
and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Ecuador  2,700 
 
       
Assistance for 
Customs and Trade Facilitation Project  This activity targets all aspects of trade capacity 
building including customs, trade policy, trade 
facilitation, inspection, import and export procedures, trade agreements, competitiveness, and port services. Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  1,125,000 
 
       
Agriculture and 
Agribusiness Development in 
Guatemala  This rural sector activity will have these technical 
assistance components, among others: training to producers and producer organizations to improve the 
quantity, quality, and product safety of selected non-
traditional agricultural products, including specialty coffee facilitating the formation and consolidation of market-oriented farmer organizations encouraging adoption of good agricultural practices, food safety, 
and norms and standards (both private and public) 
and, working with municipal governments and local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to implement sustainable management practices in agricultural land and forests, such as payments for environmental 
services such as payments by =downstream| 
beneficiaries of watersheds to =upstream| 
communities that maintain the watershed. Target beneficiaries include small-scale commercial producers, producer associations, farmers, and non-farm rural enterprises. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  100,000 
 
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Agriculture and 
Agri-business Development in Guatemala  In response to the strategy of the Government of 
Guatemala, Vamos Guatemala,  this activity will work 
with small-scale commercial producers, producer associations, farmers, and non-farm rural enterprises transitioning to market-oriented commercial 
production. It will provide technical assistance: (1) 
and training to improve the quantity, quality, and product safety of selected non-traditional agricultural products, including specialty coffee (2) to facilitate formation and consolidation of market-oriented farmer 
organizations (3) to encourage and support adoption of 
good agricultural practices, food safety, and norms 
and standards (both private and public) and, (4) to implement sustainable management practices in agricultural land and forests management, such as implementing payments fo r environmental services 
such as payments by downstream beneficiaries of 
watersheds to upstream communities that maintain the watershed. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  100,000 
 
       
Forestry 
Development and Certification in Guatemala  In response to Guate-Verde and Guate-Crece, the 
environmental and economic development components of the strategy of the Government of Guatemala, this activity w ill work in the Multiple Use 
and Buffer Zones of the Mayan Biosphere Reserve 
and forest areas managed in the Guatemalan highlands. The project will focus on forestry activities that incorporate sustainable natural and cultural resource use and management concepts in cluster 
development. The activity provides technical 
assistance and training to improve and increase: (1) 
business organization and administration (2) forest 
management and road planning (3) forest certification (4) access to higher-value markets for certified timber, especially lesser-known species and, (5) collaboration 
with commercial partners and strategic alliances. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  50,000 
 
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Trade and 
Investment Expert Services Assistance in Guatemala  This activity supports the Government of Guatemala 
strategy for Social and Economic Development (Vamos Guatemala) by promoting laws, policies, and regulations that are pro-trade and investment. Demand-driven assistance is focused on policies 
(including free trade agreement related policies), rural 
competitiveness, and key industry clusters (forestry, agro-industrial, and tourism/handicrafts). Expert services are provided in the areas of product norms and standards, technical barriers to trade, the Environmental Cooperation Agreement (ECA) of the 
Central American-Dominican Republic Free Trade 
Agreement (CAFTA-DR), th e enabling framework for 
a business sector, commercial law, customs administration, simplification of import processing procedures, sanitary and phyto-sanitary procedures, 
rural development, land te nure, land conflict, and 
industry cluster competitiveness. Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  86,250 
 
       
Strengthen 
Competitiveness of Guatemala Business and Products  The objective of this activity is to promote the creation 
of supply chain alliances that linked Guatemalan 
producers in the agribusiness, forestry, tourism and handicraft sectors directly or indirectly with national and international buyers. As result, new Guatemalan 
producers can be incorporated into the market 
economy and export process. The activity contributes to the objectives of the development strategy of the Government of Guatemala, Vamos Guatemala. Among other components, this activity has linked 
producers located in indigenous rural areas to potential 
clients and buyers both domestic and international accompanied producer groups during the negotiation stages with the buyers until final agreements are reached and signed designed investment plans to create alliances and define the financing scheme and, 
provided follow-on support to existing alliances. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Guatemala.  Guatemala  70,000 
 
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Strengthening 
Environment for Sustained Growth of Exports in 
Guyana  The activity strengthens the environment for the 
sustained growth of value-added and non-traditional exports by: (1) building the capacity of trade policy institutions, and (2) enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises in the agro-pro cessing, fisheries, tourism 
and wood products sectors/clusters. To date, the 
activity has: (1) completed a National Investment Guide which the government is using to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), (2) provided training for and established testing faciliti es for meat products and 
peanuts, paving the way for potential exports of these 
products for the first time, (3) helped the conclusion of 
several new multi-million dollar contracts involving local sawmills and international buyers as a result of participation in the International Wood Products Association (IWPA) Fair, and (4) mounted a national 
Caribbean Community and Common Market 
(CARICOM) Community Awareness Program (CSME). Funded and implemented by USAID/Guyana.  Guyana  59,400 
 
       
Trade, 
Investment, and Competitiveness (TIC) Policy 
Support  Program technical approach includes three 
components: (1) the creation of a Policy Analyses and Recommendations (PAR) Unit which will focus its research and analysis in trade, investment, and 
competitiveness issues to formulate policies for the 
Government (2) full time advisors supported by the PAR unit to the Economic Cabinet and, (3) training and technical assistance to other government institutions, the private sector, and civil society to 
enhance their capacity to take full advantage of the 
opportunities offered by FTAs, and to comply with regulations stipulated under CAFTA. Program helps train customs officials in compliance related to CAFTA and the area of sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) standards. Among the main accomplishments to 
date are five study reports on key issues. Two of these 
have been used by the new government in shaping energy generation policies and in new statutes for hiring health service and educational professionals. Funded and implemented by USAID/Honduras.  Honduras  50,000 
 
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Technical 
Assistance to the Caribbean Regional Negotiating 
Machinery  Technical assistance is being given to the Caribbean 
Regional Negotiating Machinery (CRNM) to improve its effectiveness and success in negotiating trade agreements on behalf of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). Activity focus includes trade in 
services, regional coordination for the Free Trade 
Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) and bilateral trade programs, enhancement of the private sector role in international trade agreements, and strengthening of the CRNM financial management system. Other specific activities in the services area are being carried 
out with support from other donors of the CRNM 
services program. In the area of private sector involvement, several seminars have been conducted to date in the region to improve awareness on issues which are germane to trade agreements being 
negotiated. Private sector contributions to the 
negotiations are therefore expected to increase as a result of the program. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  45,000 
 
       
Achievement of 
Market Friendly Initiatives and Results - Jordan  Achievement of Market Friendly Initiatives and 
Results (AMIR 2.0) is a broad technical assistance program designed to assist Jordan to improve its economic environment. AMIR helped to liberalize the 
telecommunications and information technology (IT) 
sectors, as well as expand capital markets in Jordan. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jordan.  Jordan  257,508 
 
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Economic Policy 
and Institutions  The USAID economic growth program for Kosovo 
assists the fiscal, financial, commercial law, and energy sectors, as well as privatization, and trade and investment policies. Through technical assistance and development of human capacity, Kosovar institutions 
are becoming self-sufficien t. Targeted assistance 
focused on existing Provisional Institutions of Self-Government, particularly the Ministry of Finance and Economy, with the aim of making the institution capable of providing strong policy leadership and effective and transparent fiscal management. USAID 
support to the ministry has created sound, transparent, 
and well-implemented ta x and budget systems. 
Support to the Banking and Payments Authority of Kosovo in regulating the fina ncial sector is producing 
more sound and stable banking, insurance, and 
pension sectors. Core commerc ial legislation is largely 
in place. Privatization is moving rapidly and is injecting much-needed capita l into the private sector. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Kosovo.  Kosovo  12,900 
 
       
Private Sector 
Growth  The accelerated growth program for the private sector 
focuses Mission resources on improving enterprise capacity and business operating conditions as avenues to employment generatio n and economic efficiency 
and growth. USAID assistance focuses on creating the 
competitiveness of targeted clusters and enterprises, creating efficiencies in the market chain, and improving product quality while containing costs. A second focus is improvement of business operating 
conditions by encouraging th e private sector to work 
with government authoriti es to create a favorable 
business environment in Kosovo. Support is provided 
to municipalities to implement local economic development plans. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kosovo.  Kosovo  5,100 
 
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Equitable 
Growth Mechanism for LAC Region  This activity, in part, provides demand-driven 
assistance to help Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries participating in bilateral and regional 
free trade agreements to pr epare for trade negotiations, 
implement provisions of trade agreements, and 
transition to free trade, emphasizing rural 
diversification, small business development, and competitiveness. A new activity web site will be established to provide detailed information. This activity also will provide support for identifying and disseminating information on best practices for trade 
capacity building, including doing business, and 
improving access of the poor to trade-related productive assets essential for economic growth and poverty reduction. Funded and implemented by USAID/LAC.  Latin America 
and Caribbean ns  1,340,000 
 
       
Business 
Environment Activity  Based on the conclusions from an Enabling 
Environment Assessment, the Business Environment Activity is designed for five priority activities: 
technical assistance supporting public-private dialogue 
and facilitating trade in goods and services, legal and regulatory framework improvements, public capital investment and decentralization, restructuring of the labor market, and capacity building and cross-cutting 
interventions. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  116,347 
 
       
Mali Trade 
Promotion 
Program  The Mali Trade Promotion Program aims to expand 
access to regional and international markets for 
selected agricultural products for which Mali has a comparative advantage by enhancing commodity value chains competitiveness, and by creating an institutional and policy framework conducive to trade. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Mali.  Mali  73,050 
 
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Investment 
Promotion  The activity supports the Government of Mali in 
putting in place a new investment promotion agency. It provides training to assist the government in designing and implementing activities that lead to a favorable business and investment climate for local 
and foreign investors. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Mali.  Mali  27,000 
 
       
Middle East 
Partnership 
Program (MEPI) - USDA-implemented  The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) provided 
technical assistance and capacity building activities to 
strengthen sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) capabilities, thereby supporting the economic pillar of the Middle East Partnership Program (MEPI). Activities promote trade, investment, and economic 
growth in North Africa and the Gulf Region. 
Activities include Borlaug and Cochran Fellowships, US-
based SPS and technical barriers to trade (TBT) 
capacity building, in-country technical assistance on trade and regulatory support. USDA also provided assistance on avian influenza to several countries. 
Funded by Department of State and implemented by 
Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Middle East and 
North Africa ns  155,200 
 
       
Market Access  USAID provides direct technical assistance to the 
Ministry of Industry and Trade (one long-term adviser supported by short-term technical assistance) as well as various trade-related supports to other Ministries (e.g. Customs) as necessary. USAID/Mozambique, as the lead donor for the Integrated Framework (IF) in 
Mozambique, successfully supported the application 
of Mozambique to the IF and continues to provide assistance in implementing the IF, including establishing an inter-Ministerial coordination mechanism. USAID assistance is expected to lead to 
the integration of a Trade Action Plan into the overall 
development and poverty re duction strategy of 
Mozambique. Funded and implemented by USAID/Mozambique.  Mozambique  71,000 
 
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Compromiso 
Nicaragua - FUNIDES  This project will assist in the development of the 
Fundación Nicaragüense para el Desarollo Economico y Social (FUNIDES), a non-profit organizational model that will provide an independent forum to push forward the execution of policy recommendations. 
FUNIDES will be responsible for reaching out to 
existing business and civil society associations and organizations and integrating them as active collaborators into the COMPROMISO NICARAGUA within a well-defined program of activities. It will foster private/public partnerships to implement 
CAFTA. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Nicaragua.  Nicaragua  400,000 
 
       
Legal and 
Institutional Reform in Support of Nicaraguan Competitiveness  The proposed activity will improve the institutional 
capacity of the Government of Nicaragua to draft legislation and regulations harmonizing its trade and investment regime with the agreement or international 
best practices that were no t covered specifically under 
the treaty (i.e., commercial law on business 
registration, secured transactions, and bankruptcy). 
The expertise and technical assistance it will provide will improve the ability to formulate and execute policies that will empower the Nicaraguan private sector to respond to its new opportunities and 
challenges under CAFTA-DR, as well other existing 
and potential new free trade agreements (FTAs), such as with Chile, the EU, and Colombia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Nicaragua.  Nicaragua  350,000 
 
       
Short Term 
Advisory Programs  The Short Term Advisory Program covers assistance 
on aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreement including customs post importation audit, valuation, infrastructure, and customs commercial 
operations and procedures. Funded by USAID/Peru 
and implemented by Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Peru  3,600 
 
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Andean 
Community, WTO Valuation Training, study tour  World Trade Organization Valuation Training, Phase 
3, a study tour to the United States, was conducted in November 2005 for participants from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. The topics during the training included the origin determination process, 
which detailed tariff shift rules, regional value content, 
advance rulings, record keeping and verification. The Customs Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) government/trade partnership program was also presented to participants. A Baltimore port, seaport, airport and warehouse tour were included. 
Funded by USAID/Peru and implemented by 
Department of Homeland Security/Customs.  Peru  4,400 
 
       
Support for 
Economic Growth Analysis/Mandela Economics Scholars 
Program II  Support for Economic Growth Analysis/Mandela 
Economics Scholars Program (SEGA/MESP) II continues the work of SEGA-MESP I, which began in late-2004. The program provides several avenues to advance economic growth analysis. Activities include providing economic training for parliamentarians, 
supporting trade capacity development research at 
South African universities, facilitating trade and poverty studies and research, training labor union leaders, providing advisory services to the South African government, helping to strengthen lending to 
small enterprises, promoting research and advisory 
services assistance to the South African Tax Institute (SATI), and providing continued support for the Mandela Economic Scholars Program. The $2,532,707 
funding amount does not include $364,942 of funds 
provided to the activity from DFID, a supporter of the 
program. Funded and implemented by USAID/South Africa.  South Africa  32,639 
 
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Funding
Trade 
Facilitation and Capacity Building  This activity is in support of the implementation of the 
Presidential Trade Initiative for Southern Africa. The physical actions are the operation of the Trade Hub and provision of technical services in support of improving trade competitiveness and accessing 
African Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) 
opportunities. Under this activity, RCSA foster Trade negotiation capacity for regional economic communities such as Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and their respective members, provide policyassistance on improving business environments and 
implement regional transport and customs integration 
and investment. The activity has two focus areas: one is more engaged in transacti ons and work with firms, 
clusters and trade connections as well as improving the Trade ability of the private sector and the other is 
more engaged with the public sector and improving 
the doing business climate. Funded and implemented by USAID/RCSA.  Southern Africa 
ns  650,160 
 
       
Africa 
Biotechnology Outreach Workshop  The US Foreign Agricultural Service, part of the US 
Department of Agriculture, conducted an agricultural 
biotechnology workshop in South Africa, with farmer 
organizations and seed industry representatives from five countries: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, and 
Mozambique. Visits to large and small-scale farms 
employing biotech crops gave attendees first-hand experience, allowing them to discuss issues related to the use of biotech in their own countries. Participants also met with local seed company representatives, 
associations of producers, government and research 
institutions. The workshop addressed the resistance and delay in development of regulatory framework 
and policy in these five Sub-Saharan African countries. The goal was to increase the biotech acceptance in stakeholders and policy-makers. This 
workshop supports the establishment a policy and 
regulatory systems, which are in the later stages of development in many of these countries. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  4,900 
 
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  RTA Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Biotechnology 
Outreach to African Policy Makers  African policymakers will engage in a panel 
discussion on agricultural biotechnology and African agriculture. The event will allow the African ambassadors, ministers, and private sector representatives to network with US public-private 
sector experts, and have discussions with farmers and 
the private sector in the region to learn first-hand about agricultural biotechnology available in the United States and discuss what might be useful in Africa. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  8,500 
 
       
Thailand Study 
Tour  The topics during the training included the origin 
determination process, which detailed tariff shift rules, 
regional value content, advance rulings, record 
keeping and verification. The Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) program was also presented to participants. A Baltimore port, seaport, airport and warehouse tour were included. Funded by Trade and Development Agency and 
implemented by Department of Homeland 
Security/Customs.  Thailand  22,200 
 
       
Support for 
Trade Acceleration (STAR)- Vietnam  This activity supports Vietnam in implementing trade 
and investment-related reforms. The success of the reforms allows Vietnam to meet many of its commitments under the Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) and move Vietnam towards accession to the WTO. STAR supports activities and reforms by 
Vietnamese organizations in aspects of trade and 
investment liberalization contained in the BTA and as summarized in the BTA commitment roadmap. Support for Trade Accelerati on has been the technical 
assistance to help implement the US-Vietnam BTA 
and accession to the WTO. The project has improved 
US-Vietnam trade relations through dialogue and study missions between policymakers, lawmakers, commercial entities and business leaders and by developing BTA implementation and WTO accession 
roadmaps for required reforms. The success of STAR 
has shown that such technical assistance can lead to economic and relationship benefits which are 
beneficial to Vietnam and the US. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/RDM/Asia.  Vietnam  113,500 TN/TF/W/151 
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Funding
 
       
Economic 
Community of West African States 
(ECOWAS) - 
Customs Union and Common External  This project will follow-on to the successful 
ECOTrade project that provides capacity building to the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) to fully implement a common external 
tariff and customs union. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  450,000 
 
       
Market Access, 
Trade and Enabling Policy Environment 
(MATEP) Project The Market Access, Trade and Enabling Policies 
(MATEP) project is designed to increase the exportsof Zambia in agricultural and natural resource products. The project has five interlinked components: 
Trade and Enabling Policy, Market Access, Tourism, 
Finance, and HIV/AIDS. Trade and Enabling Policy focuses on domestic policies that constrain Zambian exports, and on trade agreements which may expand exports. Market Access identifies potential markets for 
export and works with exporters to facilitate 
transactions. The Tourism component helps to raise the profile of Zambia as a major tourist and international conference destination in Africa. Finance will use $2 million in investment capital to create private sector investment funds that provide short-term 
export financing and medium -term invest ment capital 
to exporters. The HIV/AIDS component collaboratively designs and implements prevention programs while mainstreaming prevention activities into client-
business operations. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Zambia.  Zambia  60,000 
 
      
 
 
    TCB Sub-Category: Other Trade Facilitation  
Year: 2006  
Total Funding: $33,336,773  
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  (Note: Funding values are not necessarily activity totals, but represent the proportion of the activity 
allocated to this trade facilitation sub-category.)  
Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Assessment of 
Proposed Reconstruction Opportunity 
Zones - 
Afghanistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Afghan officials make informed decisions on the possible scope for Reconstruction Opportunity Zones (ROZs) with the view of implementing the program 
through legislation to be introduced in 2007. President 
Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that the United 
States would seek legislation to create ROZs in vital areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Goods produced within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-free if imported directly. Although there will certainly be 
differences, the Qualifying Industrialized Zone (QIZ) 
program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan presents an example of how ROZs might function in developing and 
further promoting regional economic integration. Funded and implemented by USAID/ANE.  Afghanistan  35,000 
 
       
Mission-funded 
Assessment of 
Reconstruction 
Opportunity Zones - Afghanistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Afghan officials make informed decisions on the 
possible scope for the Reconstruction Opportunity 
Zones (ROZs) with the view of implementing the program through legislation to be introduced in 2007. President Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that the United States would seek legislation to create ROZs in vital areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Goods 
produced within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-
free if imported directly. Although there will certainly 
be differences, the Qualifying Industrialized Zone (QIZ) 
program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan presents an example of how ROZs might function in developing and 
further promoting regional economic integration. 
Funded by USAID/Afghanistan and implemented by USAID/ANE.  Afghanistan  37,500 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Afghanistan 
National Innovation and Competitiveness 
Program  The purpose of this US Agency for International 
Development cooperative agreement is to build the competitiveness of the Afghan economy through specific strategies for key industry clusters and general 
outreach and technical training on competitive business 
practices through the creation of a national innovation and competitiveness unit, which will develop competitive strategies and implementation plans for three priority clusters in the Afghan economy over two years. These strategies will serve as both concrete plans 
to expand the economic impact of key sectors of the 
economy and they will serve as models for how other clusters in the Afghan economy can develop competitive strategies to compete globally. Funded and implemented by USAID/Afghanistan.  Afghanistan  445,469 
 
       
Afghanistan 
Small and Medium 
Enterprise 
Development (ASMED)  Afghanistan Small and Medium Enterprise 
Development (ASMED) works to develop the Afghan private sector by addressing non-governmental barriers 
to enterprise development. Key activities include 
improving market information, improving business and management skills, strengthe ning business associations, 
creating private-public partnerships, and building human capacity through professional internships. One 
important aspect of supporting business associations is 
the implementation of trade fairs (domestic), trade missions, and participation of leading Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) and associations in international trade fairs. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Afghanistan.  Afghanistan  487,500 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Agribusiness 
Small and Medium Enterprise 
Market 
Development Project  The Armenia Agribusiness Small and Medium 
Enterprise Market Development Project (ASME) works with the business commun ity to increase market 
opportunities for private comp anies. To achieve this 
goal, ASME identifies markets for existing and new 
products that can be sold, develops strategies by which Armenian companies can take advantage of these opportunities, and supports the efforts of individual firms to operate successfully in a market-
based 
economy. ASME identifies and analyzes constraints that 
limit the potential growth of Armenian firms in these 
markets and designs and implements strategies to address those problems. ASME provides training and technical assistance to agribusiness SMEs to improve their efficiency and market competitiveness. The 
program builds their management and marketing 
capacity in order to increase the exports and the domestic sales of Armenian agribusiness products and create new jobs. Funded and implemented by USAID/Armenia.  Armenia  100,000 
 
       
Commercial 
Law and Economic 
Regulation 
Program - WTO Compliance  This program provides a variety of WTO compliance 
related assistance to the Armenian private and public sectors. Activities include providing advice, guidance, 
and assistance to the Armenian government in adopting 
WTO-compliant technical regulations, helping the government to prepare for its Trade Policy Review, working with the Standardiza tion Institute to reduce the 
list of products subject to mandatory certification in line 
with the TBT Agreement, and collaborating with 
government agencies to enforce differentiation between private, voluntary standards and government-established standards. The program also conducts public awareness campaigns to build awareness of WTO agreements such as IRP, TBT, and SPS through public seminars and 
workshops and publication and dissemination of 
information brochures on specific WTO issues. The private and public sectors also receive guidance on implementing an effective international trade policy development strategy. F unded and implemented by 
USAID/Armenia.  Armenia  75,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Access to 
Markets  This project aims to improve port performance and 
security, expand capacity, and reduce costs. It will reduce delays at the port and increase the volume of imports and exports. The Studies Activity ($8 million) 
will include key feasibility studies, environmental 
assessments and revision of the master plan for the port. The Port Institutional and Systems Activity ($11.3 million) will fund computerization and streamlining of customs clearance procedures for merchandise. The Port Security and Landside Improvements Activity ($73.9 
million) will address the safety and security aspects of 
the port for compliance with international safety requirements. The expansion and reconfiguration plan 
includes major improvements to the physical infrastructure. Waterside Improvements ($76 million) 
will support the construction of a new south wharf, a 
dry bulk conveyor system, environmental management improvements and an environmentally appropriate solution to address sedimentation of the entrance of the port. Funded and implemented by Millennium Challenge Corporation.  Benin  8,450,000 
 
       
Linking 
Agricultural 
Markets to 
Producers (LAMP)  Linking Agricultural Markets to Producers (LAMP) 
aims to increase food exports, create jobs, and expand 
the breadth and depth of incomes for farmers, 
agribusinesses and related market participants, and also aims to increase the compe titiveness of the agriculture 
sector by expanding production and sales of value-added agricultural products . LAMP will develop and 
strengthen market linkages among agricultural input 
providers, producers, traders, processors and wholesale or retail enterprises. A dditional linkages will be 
established between product-specific markets and 
business service providers involved in banking and 
finance, marketing, management, packaging,
agricultural institutes, coope ratives, associations and 
other related market players. Assistance will be provided at all levels of the market chain and includes technical, financial, marketing as well as business and public policy assistance. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Bosnia and Herzegovina.  Bosnia and 
Herzegovina  600,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Economic 
Opportunities for Small Enterprises, 
Trade and 
Poverty Reduction  The small business trade development component is 
successfully demonstrating the enormous opportunities 
associated with trade-led small business growth and employment, by working with selected small producer 
clusters. Trade promoti on activities have already 
resulted in over $5 million in two-way trade between Brazil and the United States. The program has also created approximately 1,000 new jobs. The Program was also able to secure institutional buy-in and cost-sharing from local partners including the Brazilian 
Export Promotion Agency and the Brazilian Small 
Business Agency. Policy research facilitated the preparation of draft legislation to encourage the development of small business trade consortia, reversing earlier laws that  increased small business 
costs and reduced their export competitiveness. 
Additional policy-related studies are being funded, such as an Ease of Export Survey and Doing Business in Brazil. Funded and implemented by USAID/Brazil.  Brazil  396,000 
 
       
Garment 
Industry Productivity Center - 
Cambodia  The Garment Industry Productivity Center (GIPC) 
established under this project focuses on productivity, competitiveness, capacity building, and good governance in the Cambodian apparel industry. The 
GIPC provides consulting services to factories, trains 
Cambodians in industrial engineering techniques, and promotes cooperation between  labor and management 
and the public and private sectors. Initiated in late 2005, the program is scheduled to continue until 2008. At the 
project conclusion, the center will continue operations 
as a self-sustaining entity, staffed by Cambodian nationals and supported by  user fees and outside 
contributions. In 2005, over 80 factories were surveyed to determine their ranking in competitiveness and productivity compared to other countries around the 
world, and to determine ways for the factories to 
improve. Funded and implemented by USAID/Cambodia.  Cambodia  1,750,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Caribbean 
Open Trade Support Program 
(COTS)  COTS facilitates the transition of Eastern Caribbean 
countries from traditional, preferences-
based trading 
regimes to open trade, and to enable them to compete more successfully and sustainably in the global 
economy. The program also supports efforts to adopt 
and participate in the CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME), thereby collectively strengthening the regional framework for global competition. COTS, operating primarily within the countries of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS), has 
five themes: private sector development, governance, 
public-private interface, public awareness, and resilience to natural disasters. Technical assistance is targeted at improving the business environment through the updating of business legislation and administrative 
reform. Assistance is also given to the private business 
community to improve external market linkages. Small grants are used to dissemination public information on trade. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Caribbean ns  391,298 
 
       
Caribbean 
Community (CARICOM) Legislative 
Drafting 
Facility  Prior to this fiscal year, the Regional Legislative 
Drafting Facility (RLDF) was established to draft laws related to trade, and the U. S. Agency for International 
Development (USAID) provided technical assistance to 
the RLDF in support of this effort. Under the current 
program, additional technical assistance is being given with the primary focus being to draft laws which will enable the establishment of a Caribbean Single Market and Economy. Laws which rela te to the movement of 
goods, services, labor, capital and the rights of 
establishment are critical to support increased business opportunities and ultimately trade throughout the region, and are therefore being addressed. To date, the RLDF has drafted legislation for customs, banking, and free movement of skills within the region. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Caribbean ns  100,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Regional 
Competitiveness Initiative  This activity advances new competitiveness initiatives--
such as regional sector clusters, corridor clusters, and market chains--that unite the bilateral efforts of USAID missions in the Europe and Eurasia Region. The 
missions and public and privat e sector participants form 
communities of practice to advance these regional initiatives. Through these communities they will achieve more effective implementation of their programs, which in turn will augment trade and productive employment in host countries. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/E and E.  Central and 
Eastern Europe ns  150,000 
 
       
U.S. - China 
Biotechnology 
Working Group II  This annual meeting serves as a forum to expand 
discussions on agricultural biotechnology, namely 
biosafety regulation coordination, information exchange 
and technical capacity building between both countries. In addition to the high-level meetings that occurred in China and the U.S., both sides gathered for technical workshops in Hawaii and Shanghai to discuss risk 
assessment for cotton and rice. This program is 
coordinated by the International Cooperation and Development Division and the Foreign Agricultural Service Biotechnology Group, in conjunction with the Emerging Markets Office. Funded and implemented by 
Department of Agriculture/FAS.  China (P.R.C.)  8,937 
 
       
U.S. - China 
Biotechnology 
Technical Working Group This annual meeting serves as a forum to expand 
discussions on agricultural biotechnology, namely 
biosafety regulation coordination, information exchange 
and technical capacity building between both countries. In addition to the high-level meetings that occurred in China and the U.S., both sides gathered for technical workshops in Hawaii and Shanghai to discuss risk 
assessment for cotton and rice. This program is 
coordinated by the International Cooperation and Development Division and the Foreign Agricultural Service Biotechnology Group, in conjunction with the Emerging Markets Office. Funded and implemented by 
Department of Agriculture/FAS.  China (P.R.C.)  6,001 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Cartagena 
Secure Port Initiative  The technical assistance provided by this activity will 
support the Port Authority of Cartagena, Sociedad Portuaria Regional de Cartagena S.A., in its efforts to improve maritime cargo security at the Port of 
Cartagena in Colombia. The Cartagena Secure Port 
Initiative would promote security enhancements at the Port of Cartagena, which ships over one-quarter of its total container volume to the United States. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Colombia  199,981 
 
       
Assistance for 
Customs and Trade 
Facilitation 
Project  This activity targets all aspects of trade capacity 
building including customs, trade policy, trade 
facilitation, inspection, import and export procedures, 
trade agreements, competitiveness, and port services. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  1,500,000 
 
       
Administration 
of Justice 
Support II Project  The purpose of this activity is to assist the government 
of Egypt in reforming and modernizing the court 
systems by replicating reforms - carried out in two civil/commercial courts under the Administration of Justice Support Project I (AOJSI) - with the objective of making the administration of justice more accessible 
and responsive to individual citizens and the private 
sector. Funded and implemented by USAID/Egypt.  Egypt  5,000,000 
 
       
Sanitary 
Phytosanitary 
Standards and Livestock and Meat Marketing  The program is developing an internationally credible 
program for certifying that Ethiopian meat and livestock 
exports carry no risk of transboundary diseases. It is helping to increase production of export quality meat and supports market analysis  and market development. 
Accomplishments have been realized since the inception 
of the program: trade missions were conducted to 
several Middle East countries to develop new market links and develop protocols on sanitary/phytosanitary standards (SPS) requirements, assessments were completed on abattoir pro cessing operations and feedlot 
management, and SPS-relate d capacity building was 
further enhanced in Ethiopia. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  1,000,000  TN/TF/W/151 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
 
       
Pastoralist 
Livelihoods Initiative  This program supports livestock market development in 
pastoralist areas in three regions of Ethiopia. Achievements continue to be realized: (1) 
improvements are being made in the design and 
contracting for infrastructure improvements at 12 market facility sites, (2) assessments were conducted for livestock value chains, (3) market linkages are being facilitated between pastoralists and livestock traders and abattoirs, (4) credit is provided for emergency 
commercial livestock marketing in pastoralist areas 
impacted by drought, (5) livestock fattening operations are being promoted to increase marketability and value of livestock from pastoralist areas, (6) a biweekly livestock market information bulletin was created, (7) 
cross border trade of live animals is being facilitated, 
and (8) an agreement was reached by Government of Ethiopia to establish a fund for emergency livestock offtake. Funded and implemented by USAID/Ethiopia.  Ethiopia  1,800,000 
 
       
Caucasus 
Agricultural Development Initiative - 
Georgia  The activities include: (1) Conference with the Georgian 
Institute of Public Affairs -- Perspectives for Rural Development in Georgia -- with participants and presenters from international organizations, local and 
international NGOs and government institutions. (2) 
Training for teachers from agricultural technology colleges. (3) Workshop for teachers and administrators from secondary schools to sel ect teaching materials for 
translation. (4) Workshops for teachers and students of 
agricultural tech schools to develop trainings, books and 
other materials, and explore set up of association for teachers. (5) U.S. interns assisted agricultural tech 
schools in production, education and extension. (6) Trade and investment mission with U.S. and Georgian companies. (7) Ag. scientist s were selected as Borlaug 
Science fellows. (8) Scholarships to Armenian State 
Agricultural University. (9) Training for statistical office to process 2004 Agricultural Census. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Georgia  75,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Private Sector 
Competitiveness The Private Sector Competitiveness program focuses on 
improving a broad array of macroeconomic, trade and factor market policies, as well as regulatory frameworks to increase the competitiveness of the Ghanaian private 
sector. Consisting of two main components, (A) 
strengthening the policy and regulatory enabling environment of Ghana, and (B) an export business development component, the program has led to several achievements. One success includes the provision of technical and financial assistance from the USAID 
Trade and Investment Program for a Competitive 
Export Economy (TIPCEE) to a local pineapple concentrate provider. With the assistance of the program, the firm will provide  over 500 metric tons of 
pineapple concentrate in 2007 to a major drinks 
producer in Nigeria. The program has also assisted local 
farmers to meet international quality standards: several papaya farmers were--for the first time--able to export over 12 metric tons of fr uit to Europe. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Ghana.  Ghana  409,135 
 
       
Business 
Growth Initiative  The Business Growth Initiativ e (BGI) Project will assist 
USAID missions on strategies, project designs, evaluations, and resolving implementation issues on 
enterprise development projects. It will encourage best 
practices and conduct activities to both further understanding and dissemina te lessons learned in 
enterprise development. Many BGI activities will result in increased international trade, both regional and 
international. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/EGAT/EG.  Global ns  100,000 
 
       
Lecture 
Internation 
Bird Strike Committee  Support for a lecture at the Internation Bird Strike 
Committee Meeting. Funded and implemented by 
Department of Agriculture.  Global ns  9,323 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Seldon Project 
for Global Commercial Law  The Seldon project provides technical assistance 
services on commercial law matters. It is producing a commercial law handbook for use by the field. It is also conducting a regional series of diagnostic analyses this 
year of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations 
(ASEAN) countries on behalf of USAID/Regional Development Mission As ia-Bangkok (USAID/RDMA-
Bangkok). Funded and implemented by USAID/EGAT/EG.  Global ns  52,500 
 
       
Integrated 
Framework Trust Fund  This activity represents the contribution of the U.S. 
government to the Integrated Framework (IF) Trust Fund. The IF is a joint effort of the World Trade 
Organization, World Bank, International Monetary 
Fund, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), United Nations Development Program, and International Trade Centre (ITC) that -- together with selected bilateral donors --assist Least Developed Countries mainstream trade into 
their national development strategies. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/EGAT/EG.  Global ns  200,000 
 
       
Country 
Analytic Reports  These country economic performance reports provide 
analysis and trade data for individual countries and 
benchmark comparison of trade sector data with 
relevant groupings of countries and regions. Funded and implemented by USAID/EGAT.  Global ns  1,000,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Strengthening 
Environment for Sustained Growth of 
Exports in 
Guyana  The activity strengthens the environment for the 
sustained growth of valu e-added and non-traditional 
exports by: (1) building the capacity of trade policy institutions, and (2) enhancing the competitiveness of 
enterprises in the agro-processing, fisheries, tourism and 
wood products sectors/clusters. To date, the activity has: (1) completed a National Investment Guide which the government is using to attract foreign direct investment (FDI), (2) provided training for and established testing facilities for meat products and peanuts, paving the way 
for potential exports of these products for the first time, 
(3) helped the conclusion of several new multi-million dollar contracts involving local sawmills and international buyers as a resu lt of participation in the 
International Wood Products Association (IWPA) Fair, 
and (4) mounted a national Caribbean Community and 
Common Market (CARICOM ) Community Awareness 
Program (CSME). Funded and implemented by USAID/Guyana.  Guyana  39,600 
 
       
Trade, 
Investment, and Competitiveness (TIC) Policy 
Support  Program technical approach includes three components: 
(1) the creation of a Policy Analyses and Recommendations (PAR) Unit which will focus its research and analysis in trade, investment, and 
competitiveness issues to formulate policies for the 
Government (2) full time advisors supported by the PAR unit to the Economic Cabinet and, (3) training and technical assistance to other government institutions, the private sector, and civil society to enhance their 
capacity to take full advantage of the opportunities 
offered by FTAs, and to comply with regulations stipulated under CAFTA. Program helps train customs officials in compliance related to CAFTA and the area of sanitary and phyto-sanitary (SPS) standards. Among the main accomplishments to date are five study reports 
on key issues. Two of these have been used by the new 
government in shaping energy generation policies and in new statutes for hiring health service and educational professionals. Funded and implemented by USAID/Honduras.  Honduras  50,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Competitiveness 
Clusters Developed in Jamaica  Recognizing that country competitiveness determines 
prosperity, and that competitiveness is determined by the ability of firms to provide unique products and services to customers, this activity focuses on 
competitive industries as the principal framework for 
industry sector and firm level assistance aimed at improving competitiveness. Activities are concentrated in three clusters (touris m, business management, 
entertainment and culture) and include technical assistance to facilitate the development of public/private 
partnerships and private sect or partnerships throughout 
the value chain of firms, with the objective of generating networking bene fits and enhancing the 
productivity of clusters. This technical assistance also includes, at the firm level, training in business 
management and technical skills assistance with the 
making of market linkages and joint procurements. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  20,000 
 
       
Technical 
Assistance to the Caribbean Regional Negotiating 
Machinery  Technical assistance is being given to the Caribbean 
Regional Negotiating Machinery (CRNM) to improve its effectiveness and success in negotiating trade agreements on behalf of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). Activity focus in cludes trade in services, 
regional coordination for the Free Trade Agreement of 
the Americas (FTAA) and bilateral trade programs, enhancement of the private sector role in international trade agreements, and strengthening of the CRNM financial management system. Other specific activities 
in the services area are being carried out with support 
from other donors of the CRNM services program. In the area of private sector involvement, several seminars 
have been conducted to date in the region to improve awareness on issues which are germane to trade agreements being negotiated. Private sector 
contributions to the negotiations are therefore expected 
to increase as a result of the program. Funded and implemented by USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  75,000 
 
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  Other Trade 
Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Business 
Environment Improved in Jamaica  One principal aim of the business environment activity 
is the creation of opportunities for small- and medium-sized firms in the tourism, agribusiness and entertainment and culture clusters, with further 
emphases on the underserved sub-sectors. Technical 
assistance focuses on investing in human capital with targeted training interventions  that are driven by the 
needs of the clusters and the community, so as to develop skill sets that are immediately marketable. This activity will also create a more enabling business 
environment through targeted private sector driven 
interventions in the regulatory processes that affect 
businesses, for example through the preparation of a 
Developers Manual, and through a series of workshops that will help small, medium and micro enterprises 
access financing. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Jamaica.  Jamaica  20,000 
 
       
NEPCO 
Reactive 
Compensation and Transmission Loss Reduction  The United States Trade and Development Agency 
(USTDA) is funding a grant to the state-owned National 
Electric Power Company (NEPCO) of Jordan to fund a feasibility study to evaluate  and construct an optimal 
planning approach to reduce transmission loss and manage reactive power sources for existing transmission 
lines in the country. This project would promote trade 
capacity building in Jordan by improving the physical infrastructure used in electrical power transmission and increasing the manufacturing capacity of Jordan by expanding power transmission to meet industrial 
demands. Funded and implemented by Trade and 
Development Agency.  Jordan  79,000 
 
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Facilitation 
Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Enterprise 
Development Project  This activity includes enterprise improvement services, 
regional trade promotion (RTP), accounting reform, and a quality management center (QMC). (1) Enterprise improvement services provides SMEs with consulting 
services and manager advisors assist SMEs by helping 
create and implement strategies to resolve growth challenges. (2) RTP assists the development of Central Asia by promoting SME trade. (3) Accounting reform assistance provides guidance covering the components of a global accounting framework, such as financial and 
management accounting standards, a code of ethics, 
formation of professional associations, and administration of exams. (4) The QMC promotes the 
benefits of quality management and assists companies 
with International Standards Organization 9001-2000 
implementation and certification. Over the past two 
years, 496 clients have been assisted with cumulative sales exceeding $560 million, orequivalent to 1.4 percent of the $40.7 billion GDP of Kazakhstan. Funded and implemented by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kazakhstan  270,000 
 
       
Private Sector 
Growth  The accelerated growth program for the private sector 
focuses Mission resources on improving enterprise capacity and business operating conditions as avenues 
to employment generation and economic efficiency and 
growth. USAID assistance focuses on creating the competitiveness of targeted clusters and enterprises, creating efficiencies in the market chain, and improving product quality while containing costs. A second focus 
is improvement of business operating conditions by 
encouraging the private sector to work with government authorities to create a favorable business environment in Kosovo. Support is provided to municipalities to implement local economic development plans. Funded and implemented by USAID/Kosovo.  Kosovo  34,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Enterprise 
Development Project  This activity includes enterprise improvement services, 
regional trade promotion (R TP), and accounting reform. 
(1) Enterprise improvement services provides SMEs with consulting services and manager advisors assist 
SMEs by helping create and implement strategies to 
resolve growth challenges. (2) RTP assists the development of Central Asia by promoting SME trade. (3) Accounting reform assistance provides guidance covering most of the components of a global accounting framework, such as financial and management 
accounting standards, a code of ethics, formation of 
professional associations, and administration of exams. USAID provides firm-level consulting to Kyrgyz businesses by offering clients specialized services. The sales volume of the 180 clients assisted to date is $74 
million, or 3.3 percent of Kyrgyz GDP. The RTP 
network helped conduct 86 trade deals worth $7,158,000. The Russian language Certified International Professional Accountant (CIPA) Program continued to grow in dema nd. Funded and implemented 
by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kyrgyzstan  120,000 
 
       
Trade 
Facilitation and 
Investment 
Project  The activity cultivates grassroots participation in 
Kyrgyzstan of business, legal, and professional 
associations and other groups in efforts to reform 
legislation, administrative procedures, and practices that constrain the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds demand for reforms to conform to internationally-
recognized trade and investment requirements. The 
activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates government officials and entrepreneurs on existing laws  and practices that limit 
SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in 
dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) 
compliance issues, and (4) supports trade facilitation 
activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related i ssues and improving customs 
systems in the Central Asia. Funded and implemented 
by USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Kyrgyzstan  51,616 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
e-BIZ Activity  The e-Biz Project is helping small and medium 
enterprises (SMEs) use information and communication technology (ICT) to strengthen their businesses. It partners with Macedonian entrepreneurs to offer ICT 
solutions that significantly improve SME 
competitiveness. To date, seven e-Biz Centers have been created offering many services. Computer-added design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing equipment (CAM) based services available include CAD for the apparel industry for pattern design, 
digitizing, grading and pattern making, and CAM 
services for apparel manufacturing companies. The footwear industry benefits from services including CAD for pattern design and pattern making, digitizing and grading, and CAM services for automated cutting. 
Machine tool companies are provided with services for 
tool design, production design, programming, 3-dimensional modeling, training services and technical support. Many other industries benefit from similar services. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  214,892 
 
       
Business 
Environment 
Activity  Based on the conclusions from an Enabling 
Environment Assessment, the Business Environment 
Activity is designed for five priority activities: technical 
assistance supporting public-private dialogue and facilitating trade in goods and services, legal and regulatory framework improvements, public capital investment and decentralization, restructuring of the 
labor market, and capacity building and cross-cutting 
interventions. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  465,388 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Macedonian 
Competitiveness II Activity  The overall goal of the USAID Competitiveness II 
Activity is to improve the competitiveness of Macedonia and to increase value-added exports to achieve sustainable economic growth through 
stimulating investment in technology, innovation, 
human capacity and strategic partnerships. The project will have several inter-related components and cross-cutting themes. The emphasis throughout the project will be to use innovative and out-of-the-
box approaches 
to achieve significant results . The project should ensure 
that the achieved results have a catalytic effect on the 
overall economy. Funded and implemented by USAID/Macedonia.  Macedonia  370,000 
 
       
Support for 
Aqua-culture Development  The activity supports the expansion of a fresh and 
frozen Yellowfish Tuna processing enterprise. Funded and implemented by Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC).  Mexico  969,111 
 
       
Certified 
Sustainable Products 
Alliance in 
Mexico  The Regional Certified Sustainable Products Alliance is 
working in Mexican communities that produce certified timber to improve their forest management, process 
timber more efficiently, and develop secondary 
processing options in addition to the sale of raw logs and boards. Training is provided in technical areas like road maintenance and harvest planning. New methods to more efficiently process and grade timber have 
helped to lower production costs and to increase sales 
prices for the raw timber and boards for 10 community operations in Durango and Oaxaca, achieving increased profit with the same level of harvesting. The program is also working to identify products and markets for products that the communiti es can produce that will 
increase profits and employment in rural communities 
where these tim
ber operations are located. Secondary 
processing options being explored include making furniture or furniture pieces, moldings and doors. Funded by USAID/Mexico and implemented by 
USAID/El Salvador.  Mexico  165,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Access to Credit 
Initiative in Moldova  The project modification is in procurement stage. The 
major purpose will be deve loping mortgage lending, 
financial leasing, a credit bureau, and helping to establish a fixed income (bond) market. Funded by 
USAID/Moldova and implemented by USAID/Ukraine. Moldova  604,087 
 
       
Assessment of 
Proposed 
Reconstruction 
Opportunity Zones - Pakistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Pakistani officials make informed decisions on the 
possible scope for Reconstruction Opportunity Zones 
(ROZs) with the view of implementing the program through legislation to be introduced in 2007. President Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that the United 
States would seek legislation to create ROZs in vital 
areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Goods produced 
within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-free if imported directly. Although there will certainly be differences, the Qualifying Industrialized Zone (QIZ) program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan presents an example of how ROZs might function in developing and 
further promoting regional economic integration. 
Funded and implemented by USAID/ANE.  Pakistan  35,000 
 
       
Mission-funded 
Assessment of Reconstruction Opportunity Zones - 
Pakistan  U.S. government agencies are sponsoring a study to 
help Pakistani officials make informed decisions on the possible scope for the Reconstruction Opportunity Zones (ROZs) with the view of implementing the program through legislation to be introduced in 2007. 
President Bush publicly announced in Islamabad that 
the United States would seek legislation to create ROZs in vital areas of Pakistan and Afghanistan. Goods produced within the ROZs could enter the U.S. duty-free if imported directly. Although there will certainly be differences, the Qualifyi ng Industrialized Zone (QIZ) 
program for Israel, Egypt and Jordan presents an 
example of how ROZs might function in developing and 
further promoting regional economic integration. Funded by USAID/Pakistan and implemented by USAID/ANE.  Pakistan  37,500 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Trade Capacity 
Building in Panama  The Trade Capacity Building (TCB) project implements 
and operates an assistance window that builds upon previous activities to help enhance export capacity and competitiveness of small- and medium-sized enterprises 
(SMEs). The facility works with the private sector with 
support from the Government of Panama. Results to date include: (1) shrimp, dairy and teak market reports, (2) guide on e-tourism, (3) reports on food safety for export, and on competitiveness,  (4) technical assistance 
window for SMEs, a manual for the operation of the 
window, and three launching events to promote it, (5) 
established process for selecting proposals to receive technical assistance, and selected 24 proposals after receiving 54, (9) initiated development of individual project strategies and budgets for 24 projects, and (10) 
initiated process for collecti ng company contributions 
and managing the cost-sharing component of the project. Funded and implemented by USAID/Panama.  Panama  29,700 
 
       
AfricaBio  USAID provides support to AfricaBio, a non-profit 
biotechnology association for the safe, ethical, and 
responsible research development and application of agricultural biotechnology and its products. AfricaBio serves as a forum for informed dialogue on 
biotechnology issues in Africa, including trade-related 
issues on national and international biosafety protocols and standards for the Southern Africa region. Training and a regional workshop on food aid and biotechnology were funded by the International Research and 
Biotechnology Team from the USAID Office of 
Environment and Science Policy. Funded and implemented by USAID/EGAT/ESP.  South Africa  99,000 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
South Asia 
Regional Initiative for Energy  The South Asia Regional Initiative for Energy 
(SARI/Energy) promotes regional energy security through market development, cross-
border trade and 
increased access to clean en ergy. Countries include: 
Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, 
Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. The program focuses on: (1) Energy markets development- increase appropriate transparent and market-
based practices to 
help the development of the energy sector and the formation of an Indian and other South Asian electricity 
market platforms. (2) Cross-border energy trade-
facilitate the development of country-to-country energy transportation infrastructure for energy trade and development of regional energy resources. (3) Access to clean energy resources- investment in clean energy, 
including distributed renewable energy, large grid-
connected clean energy, and energy savings projects. Funded by USAID/ANE and implemented by USAID/India.  Southern Asia ns  750,300 
 
       
Africa 
Biotechnology Outreach Workshop  The US Foreign Agricultural Service, part of the US 
Department of Agriculture, conducted an agricultural 
biotechnology workshop in South Africa, with farmer 
organizations and seed industry representatives from 
five countries: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, and 
Mozambique. Visits to large and small-scale farms employing biotech crops gave attendees first-hand experience, allowing them to discuss issues related to the use of biotech in their own countries. Participants 
also met with local seed company representatives, 
associations of producers, government and research institutions. The workshop a ddressed the resistance and 
delay in development of regulatory framework and policy in these five Sub-Saharan African countries. The goal was to increase the biotech acceptance in 
stakeholders and policy-makers. This workshop 
supports the establishment a policy and regulatory systems, which are in the later stages of development in many of these countries. Funded and implemented by Department of Agriculture/FAS.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  9,800 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Biotechnology 
Outreach to African Policy Makers  African policymakers will engage in a panel discussion 
on agricultural biotechnology and African agriculture. The event will allow the African ambassadors, ministers, and private sector representatives to network 
with US public-private sector experts, and have 
discussions with farmers and the private sector in the region to learn first-hand about agricultural 
biotechnology available in the United States and discuss 
what might be useful in Africa. Funded by Department of State and implemented by Department of 
Agriculture/FAS.  Sub Saharan 
Africa ns  17,000 
 
       
Trade 
Facilitation and 
Investment Project  The activity cultivates grassroots participation in 
Tajikistan of business, legal, and professional 
associations and other groups in efforts to reform legislation, administrative procedures, and practices that constrain the growth of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and investment. It also builds demand for reforms to conform to internationally-
recognized trade and investment requirements. The 
activity (1) assists appropriate government agencies to implement market-oriented changes in regulations and laws, (2) educates government officials and entrepreneurs on existing laws  and practices that limit 
SME trade and investment, (3) provides assistance in 
dealing with World Trade Organization (WTO) compliance issues, and (4) supports trade facilitation 
activities, including activities aimed at resolving transit and transportation-related i ssues and improving customs 
systems in Central Asia. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/Central Asian Republics.  Tajikistan  9,875 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
Access to Credit 
Initiative  The purpose of the Access to  Credit Initiative is to 
mobilize credit for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), prospective homeowners, farmers, and municipalities. As a result of this project, entrepreneurs 
will be able to borrow against the value of their homes 
to provide capital for thei r businesses. In addition, 
Ukrainian banks and non-
bank financial institutions will 
have a greater capacity to make business and home loans. The core components of this project are mortgage lending, municipal bonds, financial leasing, and credit 
bureaus. Central activities include developing an 
appropriate legal environm ent, developing training 
programs to build a knowledgeable cadre of financial professionals, and developing  appropriate financial 
products to meet the needs of Ukrainian SMEs, 
agricultural producers, and municipalities. Funded and 
implemented by USAID/Ukraine.  Ukraine  1,092,000 
 
       
Standards 
Development 
Initiative  The Standards Development Initiative Orientation Visit 
(OV) will expose senior standards officials from the 
Government of Vietnam to United States standards in a 
variety of sectors. The Vietnamese National Assembly will consider draft legislation to revise the standardization activities of the country in May 2006. In 
preparation for this process, the standards authorities of 
Vietnam are reaching out to international standard setting bodies to acquaint themselves with the standards regimes of other nations. This OV will introduce the delegates to a wide variety of U.S. standards setting 
authorities in sectors such as electricity, plumbing, 
safety, and building safety. Funded and implemented by Trade and Development Agency.  Vietnam  15,550 
 
       
Mission 
Support Costs to Trade Capacity Building  This activity provides appropriate supervision and 
technical assistance and support to trade capacity building activities in West Africa. Funded and implemented by USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  111,789 
 
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Activity Activity Description Country/Region 2006 
Funding
West Africa 
Trade Hub  The West Africa Trade Hub in Accra, Ghana opened in 
2003 with a second hub in Daka r, Senegal opening in 
2005. The objective of the Trade Hubs is to encourage West African businesses to take advantage of the Africa 
Growth and Opportunity Ac t (AGOA), and to develop 
capacity for better engagement in the multilateral trading system. The Hub activities support four key areas: trade capacity building, AGOA export development, AGOA support services and information dissemination. Funded and implemented by 
USAID/WARP.  Western Africa 
ns  3,202,923 
 
      
 
 
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