ICS 83.160.20  
G 41  
 
 
National Standard of the People’s Republic of China 
 
GB 13651-×××× 
Superseding GB 13651-1998 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retreaded Aircraft Tyres 
（Draft for approval ） 
 
        
Issued on ××××-××-××       Implemented on  ××××-××-××  
 
 
 
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, 
Inspection, and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China 
 GB 13651-×××× 
 
Foreword 
 
 
The provisions stated in Chapters 4 and 7 of this  Standard are compulsory while the rest of the 
chapters are recommendatory.  
This Standard supersedes GB 13651-1998 Retreaded Aircraft Tyres .  
The main changes found in This Standard compared to GB 13651-1998 are as follows:  
-  modified the name of the Standard (name of the St andard of the 1998 version, name of the Standard of 
this version);  
-  modified the applicable scope of the Standard (Chapter 1 of the 1998 version, Chapter 1 of this 
version);  
-  deleted 4 terminologies (Chapt er 3 of the 1998 version);  
-  modified the contents of 4.1 (4.1 of  the 1998 version, 4.1 of this version);  
-  deleted the contents on the physical performance of retreaded tyres  
   (4.2.12, 5.3.2e, 6.8 of the 1998 version);  
-  contents about air-escape hole, balance markings, et c. in the old version are included in Chapter 7 of 
this version (4.2.7, 4.2.13 of the 1998 version, 7.1, 7.2 of this version);  
-  deleted the contents on product package (7.2 of the 1998 version);  
-  modified the contents on the storage and usage of retreated tyres (7.3 of the 1998 version, 7.4 of this 
version);  
-  deleted the indicative Appendix A Standard Verification Test  in the old version;  
-  adjusted Chapter 6 to become informative Appe ndix A (Chapter 5 of 1998 version, Chapter 6 and 
Appendix A of this version).  
This Standard is proposed by the China Petr oleum and Chemical Industry Association.  
This Standard falls under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for the Standardization 
of Aircraft Tyres.  
This Standard is subject to the interpretation of National Technical Committee for the Standardization 
of Aircraft Tyres.  
The units responsible for the drafting this Standa rd: Shuguang Rubber Industry Research and Design 
Institute of China Rubber Group, Shenyang No . 3 Rubber Factory, Yinchuan Rubber Factory 
Major drafters of this Standard: Qin Mingcan, Wang Shunyi, Zhang Dashan, Qi Liping. 
Previous versions superseded by this Standard:  
   - GB 13651-1992, GB 13651-1998.  
 
 
  
 
  
 GB 13651-×××× 
 
Retreaded Aircraft Tyres 
 
1  Scope  
 
This Standard sets the requirements, testing methods, markings, storage, and usage of civil 
aircraft retreaded diagonal tyres (hereinafter referred to  as ‘retreaded tyres’).  
This Standard applies to the retr eading and repair of civil aircra ft diagonal retreaded tyres.    
 
2     Normative References   
The provisions of the following  documents become provisions of this Standard after 
being referenced. For dated refer ence documents, all later amen dments (excluding 
corrigenda) and versions do not apply to this standard; however , the parties to the 
agreement are encouraged to study  whether the latest versions o f these documents are 
applicable. For undated reference documents, the latest version s apply to this standard. 
 
GB/T 6326      Tyre Terminologies and Definitions  
                         (GB/T 6326-××××, ISO 4223-1: 2002 NEQ)  
GB 9745          Aircraft Tyres 
GB/T 9746      Series of Aircraft Tyres  
GB/T 9747     Testing Method for Dyna mic Simulation of Aircraft Tyres  
GB/T 11191   Testing Method for Burs t Pressure of Aircraft Tyres   
   (GB/T 11191-2004, ISO 3324-2: 1998 NEQ)  
GB/T 11193   Measurement Method for Oute r Rim Dimensions of Aircraft Tyres  
   (GB/T 11193-1998, neq ISO 3324-2: 1979)  
GB/T 11194   Testing Method for Air-ti ghtness of Tubeless Aircraft Tires  
   (GB/T 11194-2004, ISO 3324-2: 1998 NEQ)  
GB/T 13652   Surface Quality of Aircraft Tyres  GB/T 13653   X-ray Inspection Method for Aircraft Tyres  
GB/T 13654   Holographic Inspecti on Method for Aircraft Tyres  
GB/T 13655   Testing Method for Sta tic Unbalance of Aircraft Tyres  
HG 2195          Usage and Maintenance of Aircraft Tyres  
3 Terminologies and Definitions  
The terminologies and definitions set by GB/T 6326 applies to this Standard.  
4   Requirements 
4.1 Inspections done before tyres are retreaded  
The following inspections must be done to determ ine if the aircraft tyres can be retreated or 
not:  
a) appearance;  
b) air needle;  
c) non-destructive testing – this can also be  done after the tyre has been retreated  4.1.1  Tyres that can be retreated;  
4.1.1.1  Tyres that can be directly retreaded without need for repair  
When the tyre body and bead are still in good condition and no tyre cord layer is  
GB 13651-×××× 
 
showing.   
4.1.1.2  Tyres that may be retreated after repair  
4.1.1.2.1 High speed tyres  
a)  tread portion: the length x width of the sl ash or crack on the outermost tyre cord layer 
must not exceed  38.0mm×6.5mm and the depth do not reach 40% of th e actual tyre cord 
layer for it to still be repaired. The repaired length must not exceed 50.0mm; 
     The length of other forms of damages mu st not exceed 38.0mm; its depth must not exceed 
40% of the actual tyre cord layer. Furthermor e, only 6 repairs are allo wed with intervals of 
not less than 60° for each tyre;                                                      
b) tyre side portion: there are no slashes or cracks that will harm the tyre cord fabric layers;  
c) bead portion: there is no mechanical damage that will harm the tyre cord fabric layers. 
Traces of the pressure after repair must not a ffect the bead tightness; furthermore, the bead 
surface and hell must be smooth;  
d) air tightness: surface damage or defects whose length is less than 50.0mm and depth less 
then 0.5mm may be repaired but the number of  repairs must not exceed 10 and there must 
be no more than 3 repairs within a 1/4 circumference; 
e)  tread reinforced layer: the area of each tr ead reinforced layer must not exceed 1% of the 
entire polished area of the tread. In addition, the total area of exposed stitching must not 
exceed 2% of the whole tyre and that the dept h of the exposed stitching must not exceed 1 
layer of the tyre cord layer.  
4.1.1.2.2  Low speed tyres 
a)  bead parts: mechanical damages of bead fabric , which is as deep as 3 layers of cord fabric 
but no more than 25% of the total ty re cord layers, may be repaired;  
b)  tread or side parts: local  repairing may be done when the length of the damage does not 
exceed 13.0mm and its depth does not exceed the tread or side damages shown in Table 1. 
Repair may be done only on the damaged area.  
 
Table 1   
Total number of tyre cord fabric layers Maximum number of layers damaged 
Total layers of tyre cord fabric<8 null 
8≤total layers of tyre cord fabric ≤16 Not exceeding 2 cord fabric layers 
Total layers of tyre cord fabric ＞16  Not exceeding 4 cord fabric layers 
 
4.1.2 Tyres that cannot be retreated  
Tyres may not be retreated if any of the following conditions exist:  
a) tyres exceeding the specifications  set in 4.1.1.1~4.1.1.2;                         
b) tyres that have become bloa ted or have deteriorated due to oil pollution or chemical 
erosions;  
c) tyre sides have been repaired for more than 3 times;  
d) tyres that are severely dama ged by negative pressure, have l oosened, tyres in aborted take-
offs or that easily disintegrates;                                                
e) tyres with unclear markings  and unknown manufacturers.  
4.2   Requirements for retreaded tyres 4.2.1  Tread design  
Refurbished treads must have a longitudinal groove pattern.   
4.2.2  Cord fabric layers of reinforced tread  
GB 13651-×××× 
 
The layers of the reinforced tread’s cord fabric  must not fall below of the groove pattern of 
the tyre’s outer sides.  
4.2.3  Weight  
       The weight of retreated tyre must not exceed the maximum weight of a new tyre.  
4.2.4  Dimensions of the inflated outer rim  
Dimensions of the inflated outer  rim of retreated tyres must be  based on the requirements set 
in GB/T 9746.  
4.2.5  Dynamic performance 
High speed retreated tyres must  undergo 50 times of take-off te sts and 8 times of coastdown 
tests under the specified rated load and rated pressures. For low speed retreated tyres, the energy absorption method in dynamic simulation tests must be adopted. Dynamic 
performance must conform to the standards set in GB 9745.  
4.2.6  Excess pressure performance 
When the tyre is inflated to 3 times its rated pressure and the pressure remains 3s, it must not 
burst, produce bubbles, delaminated, or ha ve broken steel wires or cords.  
4.2.7  Air tightness of tubeless retreated tyres  
Fix the tyre onto the targeted wheel rim, inflat e it with the rated inflation pressure, and place 
it in room temperature for at l east 12h; after this, adjust the pr essure to the rated inflation 
pressure, and place it in room temperature for at  least 24h, the drop in the inflation pressure 
must not exceed 5% of the rated inflation pressure.  
4.2.8  Static unbalance 
The static unbalance of the retreated tyre mu st conform to the standards set in GB 9745.  
4.2.9  Surface quality 
The surface quality of the retrea ted tyre must conform to the standards set in GB/T 13652.  
4.2.10  Internal defects 
The internal defects of  the retreated tyre must conform to the standards set in GB 9745.  
 
5 Testing Methods 
5.1  The outer rim of the inflated tyre must be  measured according to the dimension set in 
GB／T 11193.  
5.2 The dynamic performance of the tyres must be tested based on the requirements set in GB/T 
9747.  
5.3  The excess pressure performance of the tyres mu st be tested based on the requirements set in 
GB/T 11191.  
5.4  The air-tightness of tubeless tyres must be tested based on the requirements set in GB/T 
11194.   
5.5  The static unbalance must be tested ba sed on the requirements set in GB/T 13655.   
5.6  The surface quality of tyres w ill be checked and measured visually and with instruments 
such as steel ruler, metal lic tape (without radian, accu racy±1.0mm),  vernier caliper 
(accuracy±0.02mm), etc.  5.7 Internal defects must be inspected based on the requirements set in GB/T 13653 or in GB/T 
13654.  
 
GB 13651-×××× 
6   Rules for Inspection  
     Please refer to Appendix A 
 
7   Markings, Storage, and Usage  
7.1  Air-escape hole 
After being retreaded, tubeless tyre s and those with inner tubes a nd with an inflation pressure 
higher than 686kPa, an air-escape hole must be placed in the tire again if the old one is 
covered. The new air-escape hole must be marked  with a white colour. The depth for tubeless 
tyres must not reach the layer of air tightness.  
7.2  Balance marking  
A new red marking indicating the balance of th e tyre must be placed on the side of the 
retreated tyre that is close to the upper part  of the bead, and the original balance marking 
must be removed. The new marking must be se en clearly on the retreated tyre within its 
storage period and lifespan.  
7.3   Other markings 
   If the permanent marking on the original ne w tyre is damaged after retreading, this marking 
must be restored. In addition, There must be at  least the presence of th e following markings on 
the side of the retreaded tyres, among which, items a) ～e) are permanent markings:   
a) name or code of the re treaded tyre manufacturer; 
b) address of the retreaded tyre manufacturer;  
c) date and serial number of the retreaded tyre;  d)  to indicate the number of times the tyre ha s been retreated, use the letter “R” and add the 
number of times; for example, if it is the th ird time for the tyre to be retreated, express it 
as R3;   
e) Maintenance License No. issued by th e Aircraft Airworthiness Department;  
f) Seal of Inspection  
7.4 Storage and usage 
Tyres must be stored and used according to the requirements set in HG 2195. The sum of the 
storage and usage time of the tyre from the da te of its production must not exceed 5 years.  
               
  
GB 13651-×××× 
 
Appendix A 
(Informative Appendix) 
Rules in Inspection 
 
1   Approval of Product Batches  
Tyres will be grouped and appr oved according to specifications and ply ratings. Every 500 or 
1000 tyres with the same specifications and pl y ratings, which are manufactured within a 
succeeding date and under similar manufacturing conditions, will make up one batch. However, 
volume in excess of 500 or 1000 will form another batch.    
2   Inspection and Classification 
Inspection is divided into out-of-factory inspection and comprehensive inspection.  
Out-of-factory inspection refers to the various inspections don e when products are delivered. 
Comprehensive inspection means carrying out a complete assessment of the quality of the 
product, which is to inspect the tyre accordi ng to the provisions set by this Standard.  
 
3    Out-of-factory Inspection  
      Out-of-factory inspection is composed of  100% inspection and sampling inspection.  
3.1.1 Items for 100% inspection  
a) static unbalance;  
b) surface quality.  
c) internal defects  
3.1.2 Items for sampling inspection  
a) dimensions of the inflated tyre’s outer rim;  
b) weight;   
c) air-tightness of tubeless retreaded aircraft tyres  
 
4    Comprehensive Inspection  
    Comprehensive inspection must be done when one of the following occurs:  
a) before retreaded tyres, with different specifications, ply ratings, and trademarks, are put into 
production;  
b) when large changes are made in the structur e, raw materials, and techniques after formal 
production has begun that may affect the performance of the product;  
c) when 
government quality monitoring institutions requi re a comprehensive inspection to be carried 
out.  
    Aside from the items in listed the out-o f-factory inspections, all retreaded tyres undergoing 
comprehensive inspection are required to test the following items:  
d)  dynamic simulation performance;  
e)  excess pressure performance;  
f)  special inspections required by th e Aircraft Airworthiness Department  
5   Rules for Re-inspection  
When substandard products are found during a samp ling inspection, a double sampling is allowed for 
re-inspection. Rules for re-inspection are as follows:  
a) when the air-tightness or inflated outer rim dime nsion of the retreaded tyre do not fulfil the 
requirements, two more samples may be randomly  drawn for re-inspection in the same product 
batch. Based on the results, when both of the two samples qualify, this  product batch will be 
judged as having passed the inspection; otherwise, it has failed.  
b) if the retreaded tyres fail to pass the inspection after double sampling and a re-inspection of their 
internal defects, a 100% inspection sha ll be carried out for all the products.