MAF BIOSECURITY NEW ZEALAND 
 
STANDARD 155.02.05 
 
 
 
 
Importation of Seed for Sowing 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Issued as an import health standard pursuant to section 22 of the Biosecurity Act 1993 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand 
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 
P O Box 2526 
Wellington 
New Zealand 
CONTENTS 
 
Review and Endorsement 
Amendment Record 
1 Introduction  
1.1 Scope 
1.2 References 
1.3 Definitions And Abbreviations 
1.4 General 
1.5 Appendices 
1.5.1 Quarantine Impurities 
1.5.2 Schedule Of Regulated (Q uarantine) Weed Seeds 
2 Import Specification And Entry Conditions  
2.1 Import Specification 
2.1.1 For Quarantine Pests Other Than Weed Seeds: 
2.1.2 For Quarantine Weed Seeds: 
2.2 Entry Conditions 
2.2.1 Categories Of Entry Conditions 
2.2.2 Basic Conditions 
2.2.2.1 Cleanliness 
2.2.2.2 Labelling 
2.2.2.3 Phytosanitary Certificate 
2.2.2.4 Seed Analysis 
2.2.3 Importation Of Pelleted Seed 
2.2.3.1 Additional Declarations 
2.2.3.2 Seed Analysis 
2.2.4 Importation Of Seed In Hermeti cally Sealed Containers/Packages 
2.2.5 Importation Of Seed Mixtures 
2.2.6 Genetically Modified Seed Testing 
2.3 Compliance Procedures 
3. Schedule Of Species Requiring Addition al Declarations And/Or Post Entry 
Quarantine  
3.1 Notes To The Schedule 
3.2 Permit To Import 
3.3 Importation Of Seed Into  Post Entry Quarantine 
3.4 Amendments To The Plants Biosecurity Index 
3.5 Schedule Of Special Conditions 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  2 
 REVIEW  
 
This standard is subject to periodic review. Am endments will be made to the signed original as 
required. The signed original will be held by the Plant Imports and Exports Group, MAF 
Biosecurity New Zealand, Minist ry of Agriculture and Forest ry, Pastoral House, 25 The 
Terrace, Wellington. 
 
 
ENDORSEMENT 
 
This MAF Biosecurity New Zealand standard is  hereby approved. Pursuant to section 22 of 
the Biosecurity Act 1993, I here by issue this document as an import health standard. 
 
 
 
 
_________________________________ 
Signature of Group Manager, Pl ant Imports and Exports Group 
Acting pursuant to delegated Director-General authority 
 
Date: 22 September 2010 
 
 
AMENDMENT RECORD 
 
Amendments to this standard will be gi ven a consecutive number and will be dated. 
 
 
No: Entered by: Details: Date: 
1 MAF Regulatory Authority Not included 06/08/1998 
2 MAF Regulatory Authority Not included 17/03/1999 
3 MAF Biosecurity Authority Not included 01/07/1999 
4 MAF Biosecurity Authority Not included 16/08/1999 
5 MAF Biosecurity Authority Not included 28/06/2001 
6 MAF Biosecurity Authority Not included 27/09/2001 
7 MAF Biosecurity Authority Not included 21/03/2002 
8 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Brassica napus  01/10/2002 
9 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Glycine  01/01/2003 
10 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Gossypium  01/05/2003 
11 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Acrocomia , Cocos , 
Corypha,  Elaeis , Livistona and Phoenix  19/05/2003 
12 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Coffea  24/06/2003 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  3 
 13 MAF Biosecurity Authority Removal of sections 2.2.3 and 3.4 and insertion of 
revised section  3.3 Importation of seed into post-entry 
quarantine  04/08/2003 
14 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Cicer 22/09/2003 
15 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Beta, Lens , Malus, 
Medicago , Prunus , Pyrus  and Vaccinium  24/11/2003 
16 MAF Biosecurity Authority Sections 1.1.1, 1.3, 2.3 and all schedules of special 
conditions 09/02/2004 
17 MAF Biosecurity Authority Schedule of entry conditions for Actinidia  and 
Papaver somniferum  01/06/2004 
18 MAF Biosecurity Authority Section 1.6 and schedules of special conditions for Agropyron , Beta , Fragaria , Hordeum , Humulus , 
Pisum  and Ribes  09/08/2004 
19 Biosecurity New Zealand Schedules of special conditions for Avena, Hordeum, 
Pisum, Phaseolus, Triticum and Vicia  07/12/2004 
20 Biosecurity New Zealand Schedule of special conditions for Zea 25/05/2005 
21 Biosecurity New Zealand Schedules of special conditions for Avena , Cannabis , 
Hordeum , Pisum , Triticum , Vicia  and Zea 26/09/2005 
22 Biosecurity New Zealand Schedule of special conditions for Anethum  14/10/2005 
23 Biosecurity New Zealand Schedule of special conditions for Brassica , Glycine , 
Medicago  and Zea 30/11/2006 
24 MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Sections 1, 2,3; schedules of special conditions for Anethum (removed), Arbidopsis thaliana (permit 
required) Avena, Hordeum, Triticum and Zea 
(removal of Wheat streak mosaic virus ); Phaseolus  
and Vicia  (removal of Colletrotrichm  truncatum)  03/12/2007 
25 MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Sections 1 & 2; inclusion of section 2.2.6 Genetically modified seed testing; revised schedules of special conditions for Corylus (new), Cucurbita pepo  (new), 
Arabidopsis thaliana , Zea , Brassica Napus, Glycine  
and Medicago.  21/04/2009 
26 MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Revised schedules of special conditions for  Hordeum 
and Triticum . 7/05/2009 
27 MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Addition of schedule for Linum usitatissimum ; 
Revised schedules of special conditions for  Fragaria 
and Ribes; removal of Echinacea angustifolia  from 
section 1.5.2. 19/03/2010 
28 MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Removal of Xanthomonas translucens pv translucens  
from the Hordeum  and Triticum  schedules. Revised 
schedule of Zea, including Japan as an approved 
country with the addition of Gloeocercospora sorghi 
to the pest list. Addition of pea seed soak test on 
arrival in Pisum  schedule. 22/09/2010 
29 MAF  Amended requirements for Acer, Castanea, Quercus, 
Carya ovata, and Carpinus . 
New schedule for Eucalyptus seed to manage the risk of importing Guava/myrtle rust and species in the 
family Cryphonectriaceae. XX 2011 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  4 
 1 INTRODUCTION 
 
1.1 SCOPE 
 
This standard describes the Import Specification and Entry Conditions for seeds imported into 
New Zealand for sowing. 
 
1.1.1 OFFICIAL CONTACT POINT (NEW ZEALAND NATIONAL 
PLANT PROTECTION ORGANISATION) 
 
The official contact point in Ne w Zealand for overseas NPPOs is the Ministry of Agriculture 
and Forestry.  All communicati on pertaining to this import health standard should be 
addressed to: 
 
Biosecurity New Zealand 
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 
PO Box 2526 
Wellington 
NEW ZEALAND 
Fax: +64 4 894 0662 
E-mail: plantimports@maf.govt.nz   
Website: http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz   
 
1.2 REFERENCES 
 
The following Acts, Regulations and MAF Bi osecurity standards are referred to, or 
complement, the implementation of this import health standard: 
 
 International Plant Protection C onvention (IPPC), FAO, Rome 1997 
 Biosecurity Act 1993  
 Biosecurity (Costs) Regulations 
 Hazardous Substances and New Or ganisms Act 1996 (HSNO Act 1996) 
 MAF Biosecurity Standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON:  Specification for the Registration of 
a Plant Quarantine or Containment Facility, and Operator. 
 
1.3 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 
 
ai 
 Active ingredient. 
 
Basic 
 The basic conditions with which all consignmen ts of seed must comply, unless their import 
conditions are covered by a schedule of special conditions. 
 
Environmental Risk Man agement Authority (ERMA)  
 Authority responsible for administering th e Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 
1996. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  5 
 Fleshy Fruit  
 Any fruit (matured ovary) that is succulen t or semi-succulent e.g. a berry, drupe, pome. 
 
Genetically Modified Organism (as defined by the HSNO Act 1996) 
 Any organism in which any of the genes or any other genetic material: 
 
 a. has been modified by in-vitro  techniques; or 
 
 b. is inherited or otherwise derived, through any number of replications, from any genes 
or other genetic material which has been modified by in-vitro  techniques. 
 
Import Health Standard (IHS) 
 A statement approved under section 22 of the Biosecurity Act 1993 by a chief technical 
officer of the conditions that must, if an impor t is to be made, be met in the country of 
origin or export, during transit, during importation and quara ntine, and after introduction. 
 
Inspector 
 Inspector under the Biosecurity Act (1993). 
 
ISTA 
 International Seed Testing Association. 
 
International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) 
International Plant Protection Convention, as deposited with FAO in Rome in 1951 
and as subsequently amended [FAO, 1990] 
 
International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) 
An international standard adopted by th e Conference of FAO, the Interim Commission 
on Phytosanitary Measures or the Commission on Phytosanitary Measures, established 
under the IPPC [CEPM, 1996; revised CEPM, 1999] 
 
Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 Quarantine 
A system of post entry quarantine screening whereby seed is grown under certain specified 
conditions on a property and by a person re gistered by MAF as specified in MAF 
Regulatory Authority Standard 155.04.01: Speci fication for the Registration of a Plant 
Quarantine or Containment Facility, and Operator. 
 
MAF 
 The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 
 
Maximum Pest Limit (MPL)  
 The maximum level of infestation/contamination allowed within a consignment. 
 
National Plant Protecti on Organisation (NPPO) 
Official service established by Government to discharge the functions specified by the 
IPPC. [FAO, 1990; formerly Plant Pr otection Organisation (National)]. 
 
Pelleted Seed 
 Seed encased in a man-made nutritive or protective covering. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  6 
 Permit (Permit to Import) 
 A Permit to Import issued by MAF Biosecurity  New Zealand that specifies the conditions 
under which a particular commodity ma y be imported into New Zealand. 
 
Pest 
    Any species, strain or biotype of plant, an imal or pathogenic agent injurious to plants or 
plant products [FAO, 1990; re vised FAO, 1995; IPPC, 1997] 
 
Note:  For the purpose of this standard “pest”  includes an organism sometimes 
associated with the pathway, which poses a ri sk to human or animal or plant life or 
health (SPS Article 2). 
 
Pest free area 
An area in which a specific pest does not occur as demonstrated by scientific evidence 
and in which, where appropriate , this condition is being o fficially maintained [FAO, 
1995] 
 
Pest free place of production 
Place of production in which a specific pest does not occur as demonstrated by scientific 
evidence and in which, where appropriate, this  condition is being officially maintained 
for a defined period [ISPM Pub. No. 10, 1999] 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate 
The certificate is issued  by the exporting country’ s NPPO, in accordance with the 
requirements of the IPPC, to verify that th e requirements of the re levant import health 
standard have been met. The certificate mu st follow the pattern set out in the model 
phytosanitary certificate, ISPM Pub. No. 12, 2001, “Guidelines for phytosanitary 
certificate” . 
 
Post Entry Quarantine (PEQ) 
 The quarantine conditions [either Level 3 or  Level 1/Level 2] under which certain seeds 
must be grown. 
 
Pre-Germinated Seed 
 Seed with only the radicle (embryonic root) emerged. 
 
Quarantine Pests (Regulated Organisms)  
 Quarantine pests (regulated or ganisms) are those pests (organisms) for which phytosanitary 
actions would be undertaken if they were  intercepted/detected. These include new 
organisms as defined by the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996. 
 
Reference Index 
 Plants Biosecurity Index. 
 
SAC 
 Seed Analysis Certificate. 
 
Seed 
 A unit of reproduction used for sowing. This  includes spores but excludes vegetative 
propagules. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  7 
 1.4 GENERAL 
 
Seeds of plant species for which entry conditions  have been developed are listed in the MAF 
Biosecurity New Zealand Plants Biosecurity Index http://www1.maf.govt.nz/cgi-
bin/bioindex/bioindex.pl
 
If a species is not listed in the Plants Bios ecurity Index, it means that conditions for import 
into New Zealand have not been developed.  Proposals for the deliberate introduction of new 
organisms (including genetically modified orga nisms) as defined by the Hazardous Substances 
and New Organisms Act 1996 should be referred to: 
 
Environmental Risk Ma nagement Authority 
PO Box 131 
Wellington 
NEW ZEALAND 
Phone: +64 4 916 2426 
Fax:     +64 4 914 0433 
E-mail: info@ermanz.govt.nz
Website: http://www.erma.govt.nz   
 
If a plant species is not included in the Plants  Biosecurity Index, but is considered by an 
importer to be established in New Zealand, the applicant should provide information, 
including supporting evid ence capable of being verified, to ERMA. 
 
If ERMA approves an application, MAF Biosecur ity New Zealand will undertake pest risk 
analyses and develop import health standards in  accordance with the requirements of the 
Biosecurity Act 1993.  
 
For plant species requiring phytosan itary certification en try conditions are given in section 3.6 
of this standard.  Pest risk an alyses are required for imports of these species for countries other 
than those listed. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand can be contac ted for information on permit application 
procedures, risk analyses and import hea lth standards at the following address: 
 
Plant Imports 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand 
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 
PO Box 2526 
Wellington 
NEW ZEALAND 
Fax: +64 4 894 0662 
E-mail: plantimports@maf.govt.nz
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  8 
  
1.5 APPENDICES 
 
1.5.1 QUARANTINE IMPURITIES 
 
No seed lot will be released for so wing in New Zealand if it contains: 
 
 unidentified seed 
 regulated pests 
 in excess of 0.1% by wei ght of soil particles 
 seed of any of the quarantine weed species listed in the schedule below 
 
1.5.2 SCHEDULE OF REGULATED (QUARANTINE) WEED SEEDS 
 
Acacia nilotica 
Acaena affinis 
Acaena aridula 
Acaena echinata 
Acaena ovalifolia 
Acaena pinnatifida 
Acaena sericea 
Acaena subantarctica 
Acanthospermum hispidum 
Achnatherum calamagrostis 
Acroptilon repens 
Actinidia henanensis 
Actinidia rubricaulis 
Adonis microcarpa 
Aethusa cynapium 
Ageratina adenophora 
Ageratina altissima 
Ageratina riparia 
Ageratum conyzoides 
Agrimonia procera 
Ailanthus altissima 
Amaranthus blitoides 
Ambrosia deltoidea 
Ambrosia tenuifolia 
Andropogon virginicus 
Anemia californica 
Anemia intermedia 
Arceuthobium  (all species)  
Arctium minus 
Argemone munita 
Aristida pallens 
Artemisia verlotiorum 
Arundo donax 
Asclepias tuberosa 
Aspalathus linearis 
Aspalathus nivea 
Baccharis halimifolia 
Berberis canadensis 
Berberis fendleri 
Berberis glaucocarpa 
Berberis haematocarpa 
Berberis trifoliolata 
Berkheya rigida Brayulinea densa 
Buddleja davidii 
Calicotome spinosa 
Callilepis laureola 
Calotis lappulacea 
Cannabis sativa 
Cardaria chalepensis 
Cardaria pubescens 
Carduus (all species except C. 
pycnocephalus & C. 
tenuiflorus ) 
Carduus acanthoides 
Carduus nutans 
Carex aurea 
Carex baldensis 
Carex longebrachiata 
Carex pseudocyperus 
Carthamus lanatus 
Castanospermum australe 
Cenchrus caliculatus 
Cenchrus echinatus 
Cenchrus incertus 
Centaurea repens 
Cephalaria syriaca 
Cestrum elegans 
Cestrum laevigatum 
Chamaecrista rotundifolia 
Chloris virgata 
Chondrilla juncea 
Chromolaena odorata 
Chrysopogon aciculatus 
Cineraria lyrata 
Cirsium acaule 
Cirsium badakhschianicum 
Cirsium crinitum 
Cirsium esculentum 
Cirsium kamtschaticum 
Cirsium scariosum 
Cirsium scopulorum 
Clematis tangutica 
Clidemia hirta 
Cnicus benedictus 
Conium maculatum Cortaderia (all species except 
C. fulvida, C. jubata, C. 
richardii,C. selloana, C. 
splendens, C. toetoe & C. 
turbaria)  
Cotoneaster franchetii 
Cotoneaster glaucophyllus 
Cotoneaster simonsii 
Crataegus monogyna 
Crocosmia xcrocosmiiflora 
Cryptostegia madagascariensis 
Cuscuta europaea 
Cuscuta planiflora 
Cuscuta suaveolens 
Cymbopogon schoenanthus 
Cynanchum africanum 
Cynanchum auriculatum 
Cynanchum floribundum 
Cynanchum marnieranum 
Cynanchum nigrum 
Cynanchum nodosum 
Cynanchum perrieri 
Cyperus esculentus 
Cyperus glaber 
Cyperus rotundus 
Cytisus multiflorus 
Cytisus scoparius 
Datura metel 
Dendrophthora 
Digitaria abyssinica 
Drymaria arenarioides 
Echinops ruthenicus 
Eclipta alba 
Eclipta prostrata 
Egeria (all species)  
Eichhornia azurea 
Eichhornia crassipes 
Elaeagnus xreflexa 
Eleocharis dulcis 
Emex australis 
Emex spinosa 
Ephedra sinica 
Equisetum fluviatile 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  9 
 Rubus ellipticus Monochoria hastata Eragrostis trichodes 
Rubus moluccanus Monochoria vaginalis Eremocarpus setigerus 
Sagittaria graminea Montanoa hibiscifolia Erica cinerea 
Sagittaria latifolia Myagrum perfoliatum Erica lusitanica 
Sagittaria subulata Myrica californica Euonymus japonicus 
Salvinia molesta Myrica nana Euonymus monbeigii 
Sambucus nigra Najas  (all species except Euphorbia esula 
Scolymus hispanicus N. guadalupensis & N. marina ) Ficus rubiginosa 
Nassella neesiana Galega officinalis Scolymus maculatus 
Nassella trichotoma Galeobdolon luteum Senecio jacobaea 
Nassella viridula Geitonoplesium cymosum Senecio pterophorus 
Nephrolepis cordifolia Ginalloa (all species)  Senna occidentalis 
Notothixos Gymnema balsamica Setaria lutescens 
Nuytsia floribunda Gymnema dentata Silybum marianum 
Nymphoides aquatica Gymnema viscida Solanum elaeagnifolium 
Onopordum acanthium Hakea lissocarpha Solanum mauritianum 
Onopordum acaulon Halogeton glomeratus Sorghum almum 
Onopordum illyricum Hedera helix Sorghum halepense 
Onopordum tauricum Helianthus ciliaris Sorghum x almum 
Oplopanax horridum Heliotropium amplexicaule Spartina alterniflora 
Opuntia aurantiaca Heteropogon contortus Spartina anglica 
Opuntia ficus-indica Hieracium alpinum Spartina xtownsendii 
Opuntia imbricata Hieracium bombycinum Spirodela polyrrhiza 
Opuntia stricta Hieracium lachenalii Sporobolus poiretii 
Ornithoglossum viride Hieracium lanatum Stipa calamagrostis 
Orobanche ramosa Hieracium maculatum Stipa gigantea 
Orobanche spp. (except O. 
minor)  Hieracium pilosella Stipa hohenackerana 
Hieracium villosum Stipa pennata 
Oxylobium lanceolatum Hieracium waldsteinii Stipa tenacissima 
Panicum repens Hippobroma longiflora Striga  (all species) 
Paraserianthes lophantha Hippuris vulgaris Strychnos nux-vomica 
Parthenium hysterophorus Homeria collina Tagetes minuta 
Passiflora ampullacea Homeria comptonii Teline monspessulana 
Passiflora caerulea Homeria miniata Thamnochortus insignis 
Peganum harmala Hyparrhenia (all species)  Themeda quadrivalvis 
Pennisetum orientale Hypericum androsaemum Thunbergia grandiflora 
Pennisetum pedicellatum Impatiens oncidioides Tourrettia 
Pennisetum polystachion Ipomoea caerulea Trapa bicornis 
Peraxilla flavida Ipomoea hederacea Trianthema portulacastrum 
Petasites hybridus Ipomoea plebeia Tribulus cistoides 
Phoradendron Ipomoea triloba Tribulus terrestris 
Phrynium dubium Iva axillaris Ulex europaeus 
Phrynium limosum Ixia aquatica Urtica dioica 
Phrynium reniforme Jasminum polyanthum Utricularia biflora 
Pistia stratiotes Juglans ailantifolia Vallisneria spiralis 
Plectranthus ecklonii Kyllinga monocephala Veratrum album 
Plectranthus grandis Leycesteria formosa Verbesina encelioides 
Polygala myrtifolia Ligustrum sinense Vinca major 
Polygonum bistorta Lycium chilense Viscaceae (all genera and 
species)  Proboscidea altheaefolia Lycium ferocissimum 
Prosopis pallida Lycium tenuispinosum Viscum album 
Pueraria lobata Macfadyena unguis-cati Xanthium spinosum 
Racosperma longifolium Marsilea mutica Xanthium strumarium 
Racosperma paradoxum Melianthus major Zigadenus venenosus 
Ranunculus acris Mikania cordata Zizania (all species except  Z. 
latifolia ) Rhamnus purshiana Mikania micrantha 
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa Monarda punctata 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  10 
 Note:  Interception of other seeds above the Ma ximum Pest Limit of 0.01% [ie. acceptance 
number is zero in a sample(s) drawn and analysed by a MAF Biosecurity New Zealand 
approved method (eg. International Seed  Testing Association (ISTA) sampling 
methods ( ISTA International Rules for Seed Te sting, Seed Science and Technology 24, 
1996) will result in the consignment being held  until an assessment has been made in 
comparison with the risk of impor ting the plant species concerned. 
 
1.6 CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES 
 
The importation of plants and plant products of  some plant species is  regulated under the 
Convention on International Trad e in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), 
of which New Zealand is a signatory.  Regulat ed plant species, where appropriate, must be 
accompanied by a valid CITES export permit issued  by the appropriate management authority 
in the country of export.  Additional information can be obtained at: http://www.cites.org
 
A CITES import permit, issued by the Departme nt of Conservation, may also be required by 
New Zealand legislation for specimens of selected species.  Importers are advised to contact 
the Department of Conservation ( http://www.doc.govt.nz/ ) for further information. 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  11 
 2 IMPORT SPECIFICATION AND ENTRY CONDITIONS 
 
2.1 IMPORT SPECIFICATION 
 
The Import Specification for seed for sowing is: 
 
2.1.1 FOR QUARANTINE PESTS OT HER THAN WEED SEEDS: 
 
Pest contamination shall not exceed the Maximum Pest Limit (MPL) of 0.9 pests or 
infected seeds per kg of seed. 
 
To achieve 95% confidence that the MPL (of 0.9 pe sts or infected seeds per kg of seed) will 
not be exceeded, no quarantine pests are permitted in  an officially drawn sample of 5kg, or in 
the whole consignment if less than 5kg (ie. acceptance No. = 0). 
 
2.1.2 FOR QUARANTINE WEED SEEDS: 
 
Quarantine weed seed contaminatio n shall not exceed the MPL of 0.01%. 
 
To achieve 95% confidence that the MPL (o f 0.01% probability) will not be exceeded, no 
quarantine weed seeds are permitted (ie. accep tance No. = 0) in a sample(s) drawn and 
analysed by a MAF Biosecurity New Zeala nd approved method [eg. International Seed 
Testing Association (ISTA) sampling methods ( ISTA International Ru les for Seed Testing, 
Seed Science and Technology 24, 1999 ) are approved by the MAF Biosecurity New Zealand)]. 
  
2.2 ENTRY CONDITIONS 
 
2.2.1 CATEGORIES OF ENTRY CONDITIONS 
 
The following entry conditions have been develo ped to ensure that seed imported for sowing 
will meet the Import Specification: 
 
a. Basic Conditions  that all seed consignments must meet as indicated in the Plants 
Biosecurity Index and outlined in Section 2.2.2. 
AND 
b. Special Conditions that apply to particular seed c onsignments, as indicated in the 
Plants Biosecurity Index and outlined in the Schedule of Special Conditions  (see 
Section 3). 
 
Note:  On arrival in New Zealand, all seed cons ignments require insp ection for visually 
detectable pests, unless otherwise speci fied in this import health standard. 
 
2.2.2 BASIC CONDITIONS 
 
2.2.2.1 Cleanliness 
 
All seed shall be in clean, new packages. Any se ed from fleshy fruits sh all have all traces of 
flesh removed with the exception of seed of a pproved (i.e. listed in the Plants Biosecurity 
Index) Orchidaceae, which may be imported in dry/green pods. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  12 
  
2.2.2.2 Labelling 
 
Each type of seed in the consignment must be  clearly identified by its botanical name to 
species level. 
 
Note:  Numbering or coding of packets is accep table provided an accompanying list is 
provided linking this to the botanical names. 
 
2.2.2.3 Phytosanitary Certificate 
 
a. For seed listed in the Plants  Biosecurity Index as "Basic" 
 
The Importer may elect one of the following two options: 
 
OPTION 1: Seed with a phytosanitary certificate 
 
(i) The consignment is to be accompanied by a phyt osanitary certificate ce rtifying that seed for 
sowing has been inspected in accordance with appr opriate official procedures and found to be 
free of any visually detectable regulated  pests, and conforms to New Zealand’ s current import 
requirements.  If visually dete ctable pests are found which are not  listed in the import health 
standard, the certifying NPPO must establish their regulatory status prior to issuing the 
certificate.  This informa tion is available in MAF’ s “Biosecurity Organisms Register for 
Imported Commodities” : http://www.maf.govt.nz/biosecur ity/pests-diseases/registers-
lists/boric/
 
If a visually detectable pest is not listed in  this register, the cer tifying NPPO must contact 
MAF (see section 1.1) to establish th e regulatory status of the pest. 
 
(ii) for pre-germinated seed, certifies that the seed has been germinated in an inert 
medium such as perlite or vermiculite. 
 
Compliance with the above will re sult in biosecurity clearance. 
(Note: audit samples may be drawn). 
 
OPTION 2: Seed without a phytosanitary certificate 
 
On arrival in New Zealand the consignmen t or samples, drawn in accordance with 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand approved sampling rules, are to be inspected by a MAF 
inspector at the Importer's expense. Biosecurity clearance will be given if the seed meets the 
basic conditions. 
 
b. For Seed listed in the Plants Biosecurity Index as "see 155.02.05 under......."  
 
(i) The consignment is to be accompanied by a phytosanitary certificate issued by the 
national plant protection organisatio n in the country of origin, which certifies that the seed has 
been inspected in the exporting country according to appropriate procedures and conforms 
with New Zealand's current entry conditions. The certificate must include any additional 
declaration(s) listed in the Schedule of Special Conditions (see section 3). 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  13 
 (ii) for pre-germinated seed, certifies that the seed has been germinated in an inert 
medium such as perlite or vermiculite. 
 
2.2.2.4 Seed Analysis 
 
The Importer may elect one of the following two options: 
 
Option 1: Seed accompanied by a SAC 
 
The seed is to be accompanied by a Seed Analys is Certificate, documenting the status of the 
seed with respect to quaran tine impurities, which shall: 
 
(i) be issued by a MAF Biosecurity New Zeal and accepted seed test ing station (ISTA or 
AOSA accredited Seed Testing Stations are accepted by the MAF Biosecurity New 
Zealand). 
 
(ii) show the actual weight of the sample examined. 
 
(iii) be endorsed that the sample  has been officially drawn from an identified seed lot. 
 
(iv) be endorsed that the mini mum size of the sample examined was as prescribed for the 
determination of other species  by number in the Internati onal Rules for Seed Testing, 
as published in  Seed Science and Technology 24, 1996 . 
 
(v) give the botanical name of each identified species  of seed or nematode gall found in 
the sample (any unidentified genera or species are to be recorded as such). 
 
(vi) give the percentage of so il particles found in the sample. 
 
(vii) certify that none of the quarantine weed  seeds listed in Appendi x 1.5.2 of this standard 
were present in the sample. 
 
Option 2: Seed not accompanied by a SAC 
 
On arrival in New Zealand, samples of the s eed will be inspected by MAFBNZ Inspectors or, 
where appropriate, sent to a MAF approved seed testing laboratory for analysis for weed seeds 
and other contaminants at the importer's expense. 
 
Should the consignment not comply with New Zealand’ s phytosanitary conditions, the 
importer will be given the option of treatment (w here available), reshipment, or destruction of 
the consignment at the importer’ s expense. 
 
2.2.3 IMPORTATION OF PELLETED SEED 
 
2.2.3.1 Additional Declarations 
 
Any pest/disease additional declarations require d for seed in the schedule must also be 
provided for pelleted seed. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  14 
 2.2.3.2 Seed Analysis 
 
Samples for seed analysis may be drawn before  or after the seed is pelleted. For samples 
drawn prior to pelleting: 
 
a. The pelleted seed is to be accompanied by th e SAC issued for the seed lot from which 
the seed sample was drawn. 
 
b. The phytosanitary certificate is to include a declaration that the pelleted seed is from 
the same lot of seed as the accompanying SAC. 
 
For samples drawn after pelleting  OR when pelleted seed is not accompanied by correct 
documentation: 
A random sample of 10% or 25 seed, whichever is smaller, is to be drawn and the seed 
“coating”  removed by physical cracking or washing to  ensure no restricted seed or other 
contaminants are pelletised .  
 
MAFBNZ will accept an accompanied phytosanitary certificate and SAC in lieu of inspecting 
pelleted seed on arrival. 
 
2.2.4 IMPORTATION OF SEED IN HERMETICALLY SEALED 
CONTAINERS/PACKAGES 
 
a. Private Consignments 
 
All private consignments (not for resale) of s eed in hermetically sealed containers/packages 
shall be inspected on arrival for contamin ation and/or signs of pest and disease.  Seed in 
hermetically sealed containers/packages re quiring only Basic Entry Conditions may be 
imported without a PC. However, for seed that requires additional declarations, treatments or 
quarantine, the genus and species names and endorsements must be presented on an 
accompanying PC. 
 
b. Commercial Consignments 
 
All lines of commercial consignmen ts of seed in hermetically sealed containers/packages shall 
be sampled for inspection as specified in the sampling plan below. A “line”  is a species sourced from any one supplier from one country per consignment. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  15  
 
 No. of packages in Line Inspection Sample Size (No. of packages) 
1-50 2 
51-100 3 
101-200 4 
201-350 6 
351-500 8 
501-750 10 
751-1,200 12 
1,201-2,000 15 
2,001-3,500 20 
3,501-5,000 25 
Over 5,000 40 
 Where seed is accompanied by a Seed Analysis Ce rtificate, the declaration may be accepted in 
lieu of inspection.  All documentation offered must be originals. 
 
Verification audits may be conducted by MAF to ensure confidence in the declarations.  Where 
both a SAC and PC are supplied, a 1 in 20 verification audit will be conducted to ensure 
confidence in the documentation offered by the importer. If the audit fails the next 10 
consignments for this importer are to be inspec ted. Respective work sites must keep records of 
these audits. When contaminants are found on one cu ltivar in a lot, all other cultivars in that 
lot must be inspected. If the latter cultivars are f ound to be clean, they can be released. 
 
Where packets are not intact, or the where the contents can be seen without opening to be 
inconsistent with the labelling, further sampling will be required. 
 
 
2.2.5 IMPORTATION OF SEED MIXTURES 
 
a. A list of all species in the mixture is to accompany the consignment. 
 
b. The entry requirements for each species  in the mixture are to be met. 
 
 
2.2.6 GENETICALLY MODIFIED SEED TESTING 
 
For information on genetically modified (GM)  sampling and testing protocols, including 
approved testing laboratories, please refer to the following MAF Biosecurity New Zealand website: 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/regs/imports/plants/gmo   
 
Only original or pdf versions of GM seed te sting certificates are acceptable. Importers of 
consignments that arrive without  GM seed testing certificates as  required by this import health 
standard have the following four options available to them: 
 reship  
 destroy 
 have the consignment sampled and the sa mple forwarded to an approved testing 
laboratory to determine if GM material is present 
 apply for a Permit to Import to grow seed in Post-Entry Quarantine (PEQ) 
 
Note:   The current testing protocol offers the opt ion of importing from areas considered free 
of commercial GM produc tion. This is known as ‘ area freedom’  and is granted on a 
crop:country basis. No such areas have been assessed and granted at this time. Importers 
cannot use area freedom as a reason for no GM  seed test certificates being presented. 
  
 
2.3 COMPLIANCE PROCEDURES 
 
On arrival in New Zealand the consignment and all associated documentation will be 
inspected by an Inspector to ensure complian ce with the requirements of this standard 
and the Biosecurity Act 1993. 
 
For all imported consignments of seeds for sowing, MAF reserves the right to validate all 
testing and audit all treatment processes that have been undertaken. Audits will be conducted 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  16 
 on a regular basis and at th e expense of the importer. 
 
Seed that does not meet the requirements described in this import health standard 
(e.g., additional declarations not provided for all regulated pests) will not be given biosecurity 
clearance on arrival in New Zealand. The importe r will be given the option of an equivalent 
measure if appropriate (e.g., tes ting or treatment), reship or destroy the consignment. Such 
treatments must be carried out in a facility accredited to the MAF Standard General 
Transitional Facilities for Uncleared Goods (TF Gen) , and according to MAF standard BMG-
STD-TREAT: Approval of Suppliers Providi ng Treatment of Imported Risk Goods and 
Forestry/Plant Related Material for Export.   
 
 
3. SCHEDULE OF SPECIES REQUIRING ADDITIONAL 
DECLARATIONS AND/OR POST ENTRY QUARANTINE 
 
 
3.1 NOTES TO THE SCHEDULE 
 
All seed imported for sowing must meet th e basic conditions outlined in section 2.2.2.  
 
Seeds listed in the Schedule have additional requirements, which may include: 
 
 a Permit to Import. 
 
 additional declarations on th e Phytosanitary Certificate. 
 
 a requirement for Post Entry Quarantine. 
 
 
3.2 PERMIT TO IMPORT 
 
Where a Permit to Import is required, an applica tion should be made to Plant Imports stating: 
 
a. the botanical name of the seed (to the species level) 
 
b. the quantity required 
 
c. the country (and state if appli cable) of origin of the seed 
 
d. the intended site where the seed will be gr own, if a period of post entry quarantine is 
required  
 
Note: If a species specific import health sta ndard is approved and issued by the Chief 
Technical Officer prior to the expiry date indicated on a Permit to Import, the 
conditions on the species specific import health  standard, if differe nt, shall override the 
conditions on the Permit to Import. 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  17 
 3.3 IMPORTATION OF SEED IN TO POST ENTRY QUARANTINE 
 
Seed of species which have requirements additional to the basic conditions (as described in 
section 3.5) may be imported from any count ry into post-entry quarantine without an 
accompanying phytosanitary certific ate with the required additional declarations, providing 
that: 
 the consignment meets the basic cond itions described in section 2; and 
 the consignment is accompanied by a valid permit to import. 
 
The permit to import must be obtaine d prior to import and will specify: 
 the information required  in section 3.2; and 
 the level of post entry quarantine required a nd the location of the qua rantine facility; and 
 the inspection, testing and tr eatment requirements; and 
 the minimum quarantine period. 
 
The post-entry quarantine requirements, as specif ied by the permit to import, must be carried 
out in a facility accredited to MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON: Specification for the 
Registration of a Plant Quarantine or  Containment Facility, and Operator .  The level of post 
entry quarantine specified will be sufficient to mi nimise the possibility of entry of associated 
pests. In accordance with the conditions on the permit to import, the seed will be grown for a 
minimum quarantine period and will be tested, tr eated or inspected for regulated pests at the 
expense of the importer. 
 
Any treatments required by the permit to import must  be carried out in a facility accredited to 
MAF standard 152.04.03F Requirements for Holding and Processing Facilities  (Class: 
Transitional Facilities) fo r Uncleared Risk Goods, according to MAF standard 
BMG-STD-TREAT: Approval of Suppliers Providing Trea tment of Imported Risk Goods and 
Forestry/Plant Related Material for Export . 
 
 
3.4 AMENDMENTS TO THE PLANTS BIOSECURITY INDEX 
 
The Plants Biosecurity Index wi ll be further updated with pl ant species assessed by ERMA as 
being either “not new organisms”  or approved for entry into New Zealand. 
 
The Plants Biosecurity Inde x will be continuously updated on the MAF web site 
(http://www1.maf.govt.nz/cgi -bin/bioindex/bioindex.pl ). The information provided within the 
web site copy of the Plants Biosecurity Index is  only intended to be general information to the 
public. It is not intended to take the place of, or  to represent, the wri tten law of New Zealand 
or other official guidel ines or requirements.  
 
 
3.5 SCHEDULE OF SPECIAL CONDITIONS 
 
The following pages list the seeds that either  have additional requirements to the basic 
conditions, or have approved species specific import health standards.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  18 
 Abies 
 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to species  in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Abies ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:
 
For the approved plant species for which NO species specific import health standards have 
been developed, the following conditions apply: 
 
Countries: All 
 
Quarantine Pests: Verticillium albo-atrum  [strain]  
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"The seed has been treated with _____ (insert one of the options below)  _____ at 2g a.i. per kg 
seed." 
 
Note:  One of the following fungicides is to be used; 
 
captan 
thiram 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  19 
 Acer 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Acer ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:
 
For the approved plant species for which NO species specific import health standards have 
been developed, the following conditions apply: 
 
Countries: All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cryphonectria parasitica 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
1. A prior Permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 1 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
Isolation:  50 metres 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) "Cryphonectria parasitica is not known to occur in _____ (the country, or state where the 
seed was produced)  _____" 
 
OR 
 
“Cryphonectria parasitica  is not prevalent in _____ ( the country or state where the seed was 
produced ) _____ and is not known to attack _____ ( the tree species being imported ) in 
_____ ( the country or state wh ere the seed was produced )”. 
 
 
AND  
 
(b) "The seed has been treated with  thiram at 2g a.i. per kg seed." 
 
Note: The fungicide is to be used at 2g a.i. per kg seed.  
thiram  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  20 
 Acrocomia 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Acrocomia ”. 
 
1. Entry conditions for Acrocomia seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Acrocomia
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid 
 
Note:  Seed covered in a fleshy pericarp will not be permitted entry into New Zealand. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries
All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands. 
 
(iii) Documentation
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Acrocomia seeds for sowing imported 
into New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Acrocomia seeds for sowing have: 
 been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free 
of any visually detectable regulated pests  
AND 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Acrocomia seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  21 
 Actinidia 
 
Note:   These entry conditions only apply to species in the Pl ants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Actinidia ” .  
 
Entry conditions for Actinidia seeds from approved countries 
These requirements are in addition to the Ba sic requirements set out in Section 2 of the 
standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Actinidia
Refer to the pest list. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the  
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Actinidia seed for sowing imported 
into New Zealand. 
Import permit: an import permit is required. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by MAF have been undertaken.  
 
The Actinidia seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests. 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate
No additional declarations are required. 
 
(vi) Post-entry quarantine  
PEQ:   All Actinidia  seeds must be imported under permit in to post-entry quarantine in a level 
3 quarantine facility accredited to  MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON Specification for the 
registration of a plant quarantine or containment facility, and operator . 
Quarantine Period:  The seed will be grown for a mini mum period of 6 months and will be 
inspected and/or tested for regulated pests at th e expense of the importer.  Six months is an 
indicative minimum quarantine period and this period may be extended if material is slow 
growing, pests are detected, or treatments/testing are required.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  22 
 Actinidia  
 
Pest List for Actinidia    
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable) 
 
Virus  
 
genus Capillovirus  
 Apple stem grooving virus  [Actinidia infecting 
strain] - 
  
NON-REGULATED PESTS(non-actionable) 
 
Fungus 
Ascomycota  
   Diaporthales 
      Valsaceae 
 Diaporthe actinidiae  phomopsis canker 
 Diaporthe perniciosa (anamorph Phomopsis 
mali) canker 
   Dothideales  
      Botryosphaeriaceae  
 Botryosphaeria dothidea (anamorph 
Fusicoccum aesculi ) canker 
 Botryosphaeria parva (anamorph Fusicoccum 
parvum ) canker 
 Botryosphaeria stevensii (anamorph Diplodia 
mutila ) botryosphaeria canker 
   Hypocreales  
      Hypocreaceae  
 Gibberella acuminata (anamorph Fusarium 
acuminatum ) fusarium storage rot 
 Nectria haematococca (anamorph Fusarium 
solani ) fusarium fruit rot 
   Leotiales 
      Sclerotiniaceae 
 Botryotinia fuckeliana (anamorph Botrytis 
cinerea ) grey mould 
 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum  cottony rot 
   Phyllachorales  
      Phyllachoraceae  
 Glomerella cingulata (anamorph 
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ) anthracnose 
Zygomycota: Zygomycetes  
   Mucorales 
      Mucoraceae  
 Rhizopus stolonifer rhizopus soft rot 
mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes) 
   Sphaeropsidales  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  23 
       Sphaerioidaceae  
 Fusicoccum luteum bunch rot 
 Phoma exigua phoma rot 
 Phoma macrostoma  fruit and leaf spot 
   unknown Coelomycetes  
      unknown Coelomycetes 
 Colletotrichum acutatum  anthracnose 
mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)  
   Hyphomycetales  
      Dematiaceae  
 Alternaria alternata  black stalk rot 
 Cladosporium oxysporum  cladosporium leaf spot 
      Moniliaceae  
 Acremonium alternatum  - 
   unknown Hyphomycetes  
      unknown Hyphomycetes  
 Aureobasidium pullulans  seed rot 
 
Bacterium 
 
 
      Pseudomonadaceae  
 Pseudomonas viridiflava  leaf blight 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  24 
 Actinidia  
  
Inspection, Testing and Treatment Requirements for Actinidia  
 
ORGANISM TYPES NZ MAF ACCEPTABLE METHODS 
(See notes below) 
Virus  
Apple stem grooving virus 
[Actinidia  infecting strain]  ELISA (Bioreba or Loewe) or PCR (Clover et al., 2003), 
AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nb, Ng, No and Pv. 
 
Notes: 
1. Indicator hosts: Chenopodium quinoa (Cq), and Nicotiana benthamiana (Nb),  N. 
occidentalis  cv. 37B (No), N. glutinosa (Ng)  and Phaseolus vulgaris  cv. Prince (Pv). At 
least two plants of each indicator species must  be used in mechanical inoculation tests. 
2. Indicator plants must be grown under appropria te temperatures and must be shaded for 12-
24 hrs prior to inoculation. Ma intain post-inoculated indica tor species under appropriate 
glasshouse conditions for at least 4 weeks. Inspect  inoculated indicator plants at least twice 
per week for symptoms of virus infection. 
3. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELI SA); Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 
4. Testing must be carried out on Actinidia  plants while they ar e in active growth. For 
bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be sampled from at least two positions on every stem 
including a young, fully expanded le aflet at the top of the stem  and an older leaflet from a 
midway position. 
5. PCR and ELISA need to be va lidated using positive controls/reference material prior to 
use in quarantine testing. 
6. Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests. 
7. Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  Ideally positive internal controls and a nega tive plant control should be used. Internal 
controls in PCR tests are important to  avoid the risk of false negatives. 
8. Inspect Actinidia plants for signs of pest and disease at least twice per week during periods 
of active growth and once per week during dormancy. 
9. With prior notification, MAF will accept other internationally recognised testing methods. 
 
References 
 
Clover, G.R.G., Pearson, M.N., Elliott, D.R ., Tang, Z., Smales, T. E. and Alexander, 
B.J.R. (2003). Characterization of a strain of Apple stem grooving virus  in Actinidia 
chinensis from China. Plant Pathology 52: 371-378. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  25 
 Agropyron 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Agropyron ”. 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:
 
 
Countries: All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Tilletia controversa ; other Ustilaginales; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Agropyron seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Tilletia  
controversa   
OR 
-       a representative sample of 600 seeds,  drawn from this consignment according to the 
International Seed Testing Association’ s methodology, has been tested for Tilletia  
controversa  
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
(ii) Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
(iii) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and triadimenol at 220mg a.i. per kg seed. 
(iv)       Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg  seed and flutriafol at 80mg a.i. per kg seed.  
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
(a) " Tilletia controversa  is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was produced)  
_____". 
OR 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according 
to appropriate procedures and no Tilletia controversa  was detected". 
OR 
"No spores of Tilletia controversa  were found in an officially drawn representative 
sample of 600 seeds". 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  26 
 Agrostis 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Agrostis ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:
 
 
Countries: All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Trogoderma spp.; Ustilaginales 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Agrostis seeds for sowing have been: 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(ii) Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(iii) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and triadimenol at 220mg a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(iv)       Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg  seed and flutriafol at 80mg a.i. per kg seed.  
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section.  No additional d eclarations are required. 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  27 
 Arabidopsis thaliana 
 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Anethum ” .  
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:
 
For the approved plant species for which NO species specific import health standards have 
been developed, the following conditions apply: 
 
Countries: All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  None  
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
1. Genetically modified seed 
 
A permit to import is required. All genetically  modified seed must also be imported in 
accordance with a HSNO approval. 
 
2. Non-GM seed. 
 
A permit to import is not required. All othe r seed must be accompanied by a supplier’ s 
declaration stating that the seed is not genetical ly modified. A declarati on form is available on 
the following page of this schedule. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  28 
  
~ 
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 
Te Manatu Ahuwhenua, Ngaherehere 
 
 
 
DECLARATION FOR NON-GENETI CALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS 
 
 
I …………………………………. …………………….  d e c l a r e  t h a t  p u r s u a n t  t o  t h e  
requirements set out in the Seed for Sowi ng Import Health Standard,  that the Arabidopsis 
thaliana  seeds being imported are not gene tically modified organisms. 
 
Genetically modified organism means, unl ess expressly provided otherwise by 
regulations, any organism in which any of the genes or any other genetic material have been modified by in vitro techniques or are inherited or  otherwise derived, through any 
number of replications, from any genes or  other genetic material which has been 
modified by in vitro techniques (as defined by the New Zealand HSNO Act 1996).  
 
 
Signed by (print name): 
 
 
Company Name and Details (if appropriate): 
 
 
Signature: 
 
 
Date: 
 
 
Warning : Any person who knowingly makes a statement of information or a declaration that 
is false or misleading in a material particul ar may on summary conviction, be sentenced to a 
term of imprisonment and/or a fine not exceeding $500,000.00.  
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  29  
    
Avena 
 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Avena” . 
 
Entry conditions for Avena seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Basic re quirements set out in Sec tion 2 of the standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Avena  
Refer to “Pest List for Avena ” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech  Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Th e Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, 
Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America. 
 
(iii) Documentation
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of the  exporting country must 
accompany all Avena seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities require d by MAF have been undertaken.  
The Avena seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, incl uding the regulated insects and mites on MAF’ s “Pest 
List for Avena”  and seeds of regulated weed species. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Xanthomonas 
campestris pv. Undulosa and High plains virus. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Anguina tritici, 
or inspected microscopically for Anguina tritici  in accordance with appropriate official 
procedures . 
AND 
EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from Cephalosporium gramineum. 
OR 
- treated with one of the fungicide  combinations described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments 
for Avena ” . 
 
 
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Avena 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-ship ment activities have been undert aken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by providing the following additional 
declaration to the phytos anitary certificate:  
 
"The Avena seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa , High 
plains virus  and/or a “Pest free place of production” , free from Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
Undulosa and High plains virus. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Anguina tritici, 
or inspected microscopically for Anguina tritici  [choose ONE option] . 
AND 
- [if appropriate] sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Cephalosporium gramineum ." 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Pest List for Avena  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable) 
 
Insect  
Insecta  
   Blattodea  
      Blattidae  
 Blatta orientalis  Oriental cockroach 
   Coleoptera  
      Bostrichidae  
 Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer 
      Cryptophagidae  
 Cryptophagus schmidti  - 
      Cucujidae  
 Cathartus quadricollis  squarenecked grain beetle 
      Curculionidae  
 Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil 
      Dermestidae  
 Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle 
 Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle 
 Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle 
 Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle 
      Mycetophagidae 
 Mycetophagus quadriguttatus spotted hairy fungus beetle 
      Nitidulidae  
 Carpophilus obsoletus  dried fruit beetle 
      Ptinidae  
 Gibbium psylloides shiny spider beetle 
 Mezium americanum  American spider beetle 
 Niptus hololeucus golden spider beetle 
 Pseudoeurostus hilleri  spider beetle 
 Ptinus clavipes  brown spider beetle 
 Ptinus fur  whitemarked spider beetle 
 Ptinus villiger  hairy spider beetle 
 Tipnus unicolor spider beetle 
 Trigonogenius globulus  - 
      Tenebrionidae  
 Alphitobius laevigatus  black fungus beetle 
 Alphitophagus bifasciatus  two-banded fungus beetle 
 Blaps mucronata cellar beetle 
 Gnatocerus maxillosus  slenderhorned flour beetle 
 Latheticus oryzae longheaded flour beetle 
 Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle 
 
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 Palorus subdepressus depressed flour beetle 
 Tribolium audax  American black flour beetle 
 Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle 
      Trogossitidae  
 Lophocateres pusillus Siamese grain beetle 
   Hemiptera  
      Lygaeidae  
 Elasmolomus sordidus seed bugs 
   Lepidoptera 
      Cosmopterigidae  
 Pyroderces rileyi pink scavenger caterpillar 
      Oecophoridae  
 Anchonoma xeraula grain moth 
      Pyralidae  
 Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth 
 Ephestia figulilella  raisin moth 
 Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth 
      Tineidae  
 Nemapogon variatella  corn moth 
 
Mite  
Arachnida  
   Acarina 
      Eriophyidae  
 Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite 
 Aceria tulipae [vector] wheat curl mite 
      Siteroptidae  
 Siteroptes cerealium  asparagus spider mite 
      Tarsonemidae  
 Steneotarsonemus spirifex  oat spiral mite 
 
Nematode  
Secernentea  
   Tylenchida  
      Anguinidae  
 Anguina tritici [vector] seed gall nematode 
 
Fungus  
Hyphomycetales 
   Moniliaceae  
      Cephalosporium gramineum 
   
Bacterium  
      Pseudomonadaceae  
 Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa leaf streak 
 
 
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Virus  
 High plains virus - 
 
 
 
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Approved Treatments for Avena  
 
Fungicides 
One of the following treatments is required:  
i) 
ii) 
iii) 
iv) Carboxin at 0.8 g a.i. per kg of seed and Thiram at 0.8 g a.i. per k.g of seed. 
Flutriafol at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed and Imazalil at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed. 
Triadimenol at 0.23 g a.i. per kg of seed, Im azalil 0.075 g per kg of seed and Fuberidazole 
0.15g a.i per kg of seed. 
Tebuconazole at 0.025 g a.i. per kg of seed and Imazalil at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed. 
 
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these treatments 
and add them to this schedule. 
 
 
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Beta 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Beta” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Beta seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Beta
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries
All countries  
 
(iii) Documentation
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the national plant 
protection organisation (NPPO) of  the exporting country must accompany all consignments of 
Beta seeds for sowing imported into New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Beta seeds for sowing have been: 
 been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free 
of any visually detectable regulated pests  
AND 
 sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.  
sepedonicus . 
OR 
 A representative sample of 3200 seeds, drawn from this consignment according to the 
International Seed Testing Association’ s methodology, has been tested for Clavibacter  
michiganensis  pv. s epedonicus . 
 
 (v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Beta seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.  
sepedonicus.  
OR 
 Clavibacter michiganensis  pv. sepedonicus was not detected in a representative sample 
of 3200 seeds drawn from this consignment . 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Brassica napus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Brassica napus ” . 
 
1. Species-specific entry conditions for Brassica napus  seeds for sowing from approved 
exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Brassica napus
None 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the national plant 
protection organisation (NPPO) of  the exporting country must accompany all consignments of 
Brassica napus  seeds for sowing exported to New Zeala nd.  For positive iden tification of the 
imported consignment, the full scientific name of the Brassica napus  sub-species or variety 
plus the appropriate common name must be sp ecified on the phytosanitary certificate, e.g. 
Brassica napus  var. biennis (forage rape) or Brassica napus  var. oleifera  (oilseed rape). 
Importers of consignments of Brassica napus  that are not identified appropriately will be 
offered the options of re-shipment, destructi on or tested for the presence of unapproved GM 
seeds, see section (vi). 
Genetically modified se ed test certificate:  The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and 
Forestry requires that  all consignments of Brassica napus  var. oleifera  (oilseed rape) that are 
imported into New Zealand are tested for th e presence of unapproved genetically modified 
seeds, see section (vi). 
Import permit:  an import permit is only required for seeds that must be grown in a registered 
quarantine facility as descri bed in section (vi) and 4. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary  requirements
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Brassica napus  seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests.  
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
No additional declarations are required. 
 
(vi) Sampling and testing Brassica napus var. oleifera seed consignments  for adventitious 
presence of  unapproved genetically modified seeds  
The New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Fo restry (MAF) requires that all consignments 
of Brassica napus  var. oleifera  (oilseed rape) that are im ported into New Zealand are 
representatively sampled, teste d, and found to be free of unapproved GM seeds. Alternatively, 
the seeds must be sourced from companies with MAF approved quali ty assurance systems 
which demonstrate equivalence with P CR testing every consignment of GM Brassica napus 
var. oleifera . Any consignment that is found to cont ain unapproved GM seeds will not be 
permitted to enter New Zealand and will be re-s hipped or destroyed. Complete guidelines for 
 
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155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  37 
   
sampling and testing for the presence of GM seeds are specified in the Protocol for Testing 
Seed Imports for the Presence of Genetically Modified Seed . The protocol includes three 
further options for importers of small volum es of seed (defined as less than 100g for Brassica 
napus var. oleifera ) for cultivar trials and multiplication.  
 
Testing may be conducted by facilities approved by MAF under the requirements specified in 
the Standard “ Approval of Facilities for Gene tically Modified Organism Testing” . If testing is 
conducted offshore, a copy of the completed test  certificate (from a MAF-approved facility) 
must accompany the consignment imported into  New Zealand. MAF will examine the test 
certificates on arrival to confirm that they reco ncile with the actual consignment.  Importers 
must ensure that MAF has acce ss to all pertinent testing r ecords held by MAF-approved 
testing facilities for audit purposes.  
 
If consignments arrive at the New Zealand bord er without having been te sted for the presence 
of unapproved GM seeds, MAF will offer the impor ter the options of re-shipping or destroying 
the consignment, or having the consignment sa mpled and tested as above at the importer’ s 
expense. Any consignment held at the New Zealand border that is test ed and found to contain 
unapproved GM seeds will not be permitted to enter New Zealand and will be re-shipped or 
destroyed. 
 
The protocol and a list of MAF-approved facilities  for testing for the presence of GM material 
in Brassica napus  var. oleifera  are located at the following address on the MAF web site: 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/regs/imports/plants/gmo   
 
2. Validation of Brassica napus  varieties (including all sub-species)  
MAF reserves the right to undertak e validation audits to confirm th at the variety is that which 
is stated on the phytosanitary certificate accomp anying the consignment. This may be done by 
growing a sample of the seed, or by auditing the crop in situ . Audits may be conducted on a 
random basis and if required, growth of samples will be conducted at MAF accredited facilities at the expense of the importer.
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Camellia sinensis 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Camellia sinensis ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Exobasidium vexans; Phloem necrosis 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 1 
Minimum Period: 1 growing season 
Isolation: 50 m 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Camellia sinensis seeds for sowing have been: 
-        sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from Exobasidium vexans and phloem necrosis.  
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
         i) captan at 2g a.i. per kg seed; or 
ii)thiram at 2 g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
3. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the follo wing additional declaration to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
(a) " Exobasidium vexans and phloem necrosis are no t known to occur in _____ (the 
country or state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
 
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Camissonia 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Camissonia” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Peronospora arthurii 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Camissonia seeds for sowing have been: 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
         i) captan at 2g a.i. per kg seed; or 
ii)thiram at 2 g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section.  No additional declarations required. 
 
 
 
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Cannabis sativa 
 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cannabis sativa ” . 
 
Note:  Importers of Cannabis sativa  (low THC hemp seed) must  contact the Ministry of 
Health prior to importation for advice on licensing for low THC hemp seed.   
 
Ministry of Health  
P O Box 5013  
Wellington  
Attention: Advisor, Controlled Drug Licensing  
Telephone: 04 496 2000  
 
Entry conditions for Cannabis sativa (low THC Hemp seed variety) seeds for sowing 
from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Ba sic requirements set out in Section 2 of the 
standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Cannabis sativa  
Refer to “Pest List for Cannabis sativa ” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate:  A completed phytosanita ry certificate issued by the NPPO of the  
exporting country must accompany all Cannabis sativa seeds for sowing exported into New 
Zealand. 
(iv) Phytosanitary certification  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by MAF have been undertaken.  
 
The Cannabis sativa  seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests and regul ated weed species, including the regulated 
insects and mites on MAF’ s “Pest List for Cannabis sativa ” . 
AND EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated bacteria (Pseudomonas syringae pv. cannabina and Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
cannabis) . 
OR 
- treated with the hot water treatment as described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments for 
Cannabis sativa ”;  
AND EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from the named regulated fungi ( Leptosphaeria 
woroninii, Septoria cannabis and Curvularia cymbopogonis  
OR 
- treated with one of the fungicide  combinations described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments 
 
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for Cannabis sativa ”; 
AND EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated viruses (Hemp mosaic virus  and Hemp streak virus ). 
  
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by  providing the following additional 
declarations to the phyto sanitary certificate:  
 
"The Cannabis sativa  seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
- [if appropriate] sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from ____  (name of the regulated bacteria)  
_____, and/or a “Pest free place of production” , free from _____  (name of the regulated bacteria)  
_____. 
AND 
- [if appropriate] sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the regulated fungi)  
_____; 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from ____  (name of the regulated virus)  _____, and/or a “Pest 
free place of production” , free from _____  (name of the regulated virus)  _____. 
 
 
Approved Testing and Treatments for Cannabis sativa  
 
Hot water treatment (for bacteria and parasitic weed) prior to shipment 
The Cannabis sativa seeds must be treated using a hot water dip for the eradication of 
bacterial organisms ( Pseudomonas syringae pv. cannabina and Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
cannabis). Hot water treatment must  be conducted either at 50oC for 30 minutes or at 60oC for 
10 minutes (Hemp Diseases and Pests: Mana gement and Biological Control. J. M. 
McPartland, R. C. Clarke and D. P. Watson 2000. CAB International). 
 
Note: The hot water treatment that would be carri ed out in New Zealand as an alternative to 
the same treatment prior to shipment, cannot  be permitted as no MAF-approved facility is 
currently available in New Zealand. 
 
Fungicides 
The Cannabis sativa seeds must be treated (in lieu of pest  free area) with the active ingredients 
in one of the following treatments 
 
(i)  Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
(ii)  Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed  and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
(iii)  Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and triadimenol at 220mg a.i. per kg seed. 
(iv)  Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed a nd flutriafol at 80mg a.i. per kg seed. 
 
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these 
treatments and add them to this schedule. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  42 
   
 
Pest List for Cannabis sativa (Seed for Sowing) 
  
Scientific name Organism 
type Common 
name Quarantine 
status Measures 
to prevent 
entry Actions 
on 
intercept
ion 
Pseudomonas 
syringae pv. 
cannabina bacterium - Regulated 5 or 7 or 8 3 
Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
cannabis bacterium - Regulated  5 or 7 or 8 3 
Curvularia 
cymbopogonis fungus - Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Leptosphaeria woroninii fungus - Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Septoria cannabis fungus yellow leaf 
spot Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Hemp mosaic virus  virus - Regulated 7 or 8 3 
Hemp streak virus  virus - Regulated 7 or 8 3 
Pyrrhocoris apterus Insect fire bug Regulated 2 3 
Episyrphus balteatus Insect  Regulated 2 3 
Ischiodon scutellaris Insect syrphid fly Regulated 2 3 
Metasyrphus latifasciatus Insect syrphid fly Regulated 2 3 
Sphaerophoria scripta Insect hover fly Regulated 2 3 
Syritta pipiens Insect hover fly Regulated 2 3 
Aculops cannabicola mite hemp russett 
mite Regulated 2 3 
Orobanche ramosa Weed branched 
broomrape Regulated 2 3 
 
 
 
 
 
Measures to prevent entry and establishment 
1. No measures. 
2. Seed and associated packaging inspected and found to be free from visually detectable 
regulated pests. 
3. Consignments are free from extraneous materi al, e.g., soil, plant residue that may carry 
regulated pests. 
4. Undergone effective treatment for regulated pests. 
5. Undergone specified treatment for regulated pests. 
6. Undergone specified testing for regulated pests. 
7. Sourced from a pest free area. 
8. Sourced from a pest free place of production. 
  
 
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Actions on interception 
1. Removal of extraneous material , e.g., soil, plant residue that  may carry regulated pests. 
2. Treat (if appropriate),  reship or destroy. 
3. No action if pest not viable. 
 
 
 
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Carpinus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carpinus ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cladosporium caryigenum; Cryphonectria parasitica 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 1 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
Isolation:  50 metres 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country 
NPPO must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation 
and/or Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the following additional 
declaration to the phytos anitary certificate: 
 
(a) "Cryphonectria parasitica is not known to occur in _____ (the country, or state where the seed was 
produced) _____"  
 
OR 
 
“Cryphonectria parasitica  is not prevalent in _____ ( the country or state where the seed 
was produced ) _____ and is not known to attack Carpinus  in _____ ( the country or 
state where the seed was produced )”. 
 
AND  
 
(b) "  Cladosporium carygenum” is not known to occur in _____ (the country, or state where the seed 
was produced) _____"  
 
AND 
 
(c) The seed has been treated with thiram at 2g a.i. per kg seed."  
 
Note: The fungicide is to be used at 2g a.i. per kg seed .  
thiram  
 
 
 
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Carthamus tinctorius 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carthamus tinctorius ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Alternaria carthami; Cercospora carthami; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions:  Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Carthamus tinctorius seeds for sowing have been treated with Iprodione at 2.5g a.i. per kg 
seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section.  No additional d eclarations are required. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Carya 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carya” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  Australia, USA 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cladosporium caryigenum; Conotrachelus spp.; Curculiocaryae; Cydia caryana; 
Trogoderma  spp. 
 
Entry Conditions:  Basic ; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations:  
 
(a) " Conotrachelus  spp., Curculio caryae  and Cydia caryana  are not known to attack Carya  seed 
or nuts in _____ (the country or state where the seed was produced) _____ ". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ______ pressure for ____ hours at _____ g/m3 
at a temperature of _____ 0C". 
 
Note:  The pressure/time/rate temperature combination used is to be in accordance with the 
following scale: 
 
Temperature Rate (g/m3) Time (hours) Pressure 
 
15 - 21oC  
32  
12  
atmospheric 
 
21oC or above  
16  
12  
atmospheric 
 
15 - 21oC  
48  
1.5  
91 kpa vacuum 
 
21oC or above  
48  
1.0  
91 kpa vacuum 
 
(b) " Cladosporum caryigenum  is not known to occur in ____ (the country or state where the seed was produced)  
_____”  
 
(c) "The seed has been treated with _______ (insert one of the options below)  _______ at 2g a.i. per kg seed." 
 
Note:  One of the following fungicides is to be used: 
 
captan 
thiram 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  47 
     
Carya ovata 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Carya ovata ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries: Australia 
 
Quarantine Pests: Cladosporium caryigenum; Cryphonect ria parasitica; Conotrachelus 
spp.; Curculio caryae; Cydia caryana; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions:  Basic; PLUS 
 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required:  
 
PEQ:  Level 1 
Minimum Period: 1 growing season 
Isolation:  50 m 
 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) "Cladosporum caryigenum is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the 
seed was produced)  _____". 
 
AND 
 
(b) Cryphonectria parasitica is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the 
seed was produced)  _____". 
 
 
OR 
 
“Cryphonectria parasitica  is not prevalent in _____ ( the country or state where the seed was 
produced ) _____ and is not known to attack Carya ovata in _____ ( the country or state 
where the seed was produced )”. 
 
AND 
 
(c) "Conotrachelus spp., Curculio caryae and Cydia caryana are not known to 
attack Carya seed or nuts in _____ (the country or state where the seed was produced)  ______”  
 
OR 
 
"The seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at 
___ g/m3 at a temperature of ___ OC". 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  48 
     
 
Carya ovata 
 
Note:  The pressure/time/rate temperature combination used is to be in 
accordance with the following scale: 
 
 
Temperature Rate 
(g/m3) Time 
(hours) Pressure 
 
15 - 21oC  
32  
12  
atmospheric  
21oC or above  
16  
12  
atmospheric  
15 - 21oC  
48  
1.5  
91 kpa vacuum  
21oC or above  
48  
1.0  
91 kpa vacuum 
AND 
 
(d) "The seed has been treated with  thiram at 2g a.i. per kg seed". 
 
Note:  The following fungicide is to be used: 
thiram 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  49 
     
Castanea 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Castanea ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Ceratocystis fagacearum; Cryphonectria parasitica; Curculio spp.; 
Cyrtepistomus castaneus 
 
Entry Conditions:  Basic; PLUS 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 3 
Minimum Period:  4 years 
Isolation: 50m 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) "Cryphonectria parasitica is known not to occur in _____ (the country, or state where the 
seed was produced)  _____" 
 
OR 
 
“Cryphonectria parasitica  is not prevalent in _____ ( the country or state where the seed was 
produced )”. 
 
OR 
 
"The seed was collected from trees that  have been officially inspected and 
found to be free of diseases caused by Cryphonectria spp." 
 
 
 
Inspection and testing requirements for Castanea . 
 
ORGANISM MAF ACCEPTABLE METHOD 
Fungi  
Ceratocystis fagacearum  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease 
symptom expression. 
Cryphonectria parasitica  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  50 
     
Cicer 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cicer ” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Cicer seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries: 
 
(i) Pests of  Cicer  
Ascochyta rabiei; Megase lia arietina; Trogoderma spp. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the national plant 
protection organisation (NPPO) of  the exporting country must accompany all consignments of 
Cicer seeds for sowing imported into New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Cicer seeds for sowing have: 
been sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to  the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following ad ditional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
 
“The Cicer seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
been sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from 
Ascochyta rabiei. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  51 
     
Citrus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Citrus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, 
Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Neth erlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, 
Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, USA 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the 
seed was produced)  _____". 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  52 
     
Cocos 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cocos ” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Cocos seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Cocos  
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid 
 
Note:  Seed covered in a fleshy pericarp will not be permitted entry into New Zealand. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Cocos seeds for sowing imported into 
New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF. 
The Cocos seeds for sowing have: 
 been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free 
of any visually detectable regulated pests. 
AND 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been produced in a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Cocos seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
- been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid .
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  53 
     
Coffea 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Coffea ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
Countries:  Australia, Cook Islands, Hawaii, Samoa, Tonga  
 
Quarantine Pests: Stephanoderes hampei 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Coffea seeds for sowing have been: 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
         i) captan at 2g a.i. per kg seed; or 
ii)thiram at 2 g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section.  No additional declarations required. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  54 
     
Coriandrum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Coriandrum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Ramularia coriandri; Trogoderma spp 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Coriandrum seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Ramularia 
coriandri    
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Benomyl  at 2.5 g a.i. per kg seed  
 (ii)  Carbendazim  at 2.5 g a.i. per kg seed  
(iii) Thiophanate methyl at 2.5 a.i. per kg seed  
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
 "Ramularia coriandri  is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed 
was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according to appropriate procedures and no Ramularia coriandri was detected". 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  55 
     
Corylus 
 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Corylus” .  
 
 
1. Species-specific entry conditions for Corylus seeds for sowing from approved exporting 
countries  
 
(i) Pests of Corylus  
Cydia latiferreana, Curculio nucum  
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries  
 
There are no specific entry conditions for Corylus seeds for sowing aside from the requirement 
that all Corylus  seeds imported into New Zealand must have their shells removed to permit 
inspection prior to entry.  
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  56 
     
Corypha 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Corypha” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Corypha seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Corypha  
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid 
 
Note:  Seed covered in a fleshy pericarp will not be permitted entry into New Zealand. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the national plant 
protection organisation (NPPO) of  the exporting country must accompany all consignments of 
Corypha seeds for sowing imported into New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Corypha seeds for sowing have: 
 been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free 
of any visually detectable regulated pests. 
AND 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been produced in a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Corypha seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid . 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  57 
     
Cucurbita pepo  
 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cucurbita pepo ” .  
 
 
1. Species-specific entry conditions for Cucurbita pepo seeds for sowing from approved 
exporting countries  
 
(i) Pests of Cucurbita pepo  
None  
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries  
 
There are no specific entry conditions for Cucurbita pepo seeds for sowing except for the 
following genetically modified varieties which are prohibited entry to  New Zealand without 
HSNO approval: 
Yellow crook neck squash variety ZW20 and CZW3 
Yellow crook neck squash variety “Revenue”  and “Tigress”  
Yellow crook neck squash variet y Destiny III and Prelude II 
 
(iii) Documentation:  
Documentation accompanying imports should decl are that the consignment does not contain 
seeds of the above prohibited varieties. 
 
The required declaration ma y be contained on either: 
 an importer’ s declaration, or 
 an exporter’ s declaration. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  58 
     
Cuminum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Cuminum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Alternaria burnsii 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Cuminum seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Alternaria 
burnsii    
AND 
-        treated with Iprodione at 2.5g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
 " Alternaria burnsii is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was 
produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures and no Alternaria burnsii was detected". 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  59 
     
Desmodium 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Desmodium ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries: All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Desmodium mosaic virus ; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"Desmodium mosaic virus is  not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was 
produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according 
to appropriate procedures and no Desm odium mosaic virus was detected". 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  60 
     
Echinochloa 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Echinochloa ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests: Sclerospora graminicola; Trogoderma spp.; Ustilaginales 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Echinochloa seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Sclerospora 
graminicola     
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
(ii) Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
(iii) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and triadimenol at 220mg a.i. per kg seed. 
(iv) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and flutriafol at 80mg a.i. per kg seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
"Sclerospora graminicola is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was produced)  
_____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according to 
appropriate procedures and no Sclerospora graminicola was detected". 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  61 
     
Elaeis 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Elaeis ” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Elaeis seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Elaeis  
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid 
 
Note:  Seed covered in a fleshy pericarp will not be permitted entry into New Zealand. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Elaeis seeds for sowing imported into 
New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Elaeis seeds for sowing have: 
 been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free 
of any visually detectable regulated pests. 
AND 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been produced in a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid.  
 
 (v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Elaeis seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
- been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid . 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  62 
     
Eriobotrya 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Eriobotrya ”. 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Pseudomonas syringae pv. eriobotryae 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
OPTION 1  
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
“Pseudomonas syringae pv. eriobotryae is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state 
where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
 
OPTION 2  
 
PEQ:  Level 3 
Minimum Period:  2 growing seasons 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  63 
     
Eucalyptus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Eucalyptus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cryphonectria parasitica;  Puccinia/Uredo  complex 
 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
  
PEQ:  Level 1 
Minimum Period:  1 year 
Isolation: 50 m 
 
 
1. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) "Cryphonectria parasitica  is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the 
seed was produced)  _____". 
 
 OR 
 
“Cryphonectria parasitica  is not prevalent in _____ ( the country or state where the seed was 
produced ) _____ and is not known to attack Eucalyptus in _____ ( the country or state where 
the seed was produced )”. 
 
 
 AND  
 
(b) "Puccinia psidii/Uredo rangelli is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where 
the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
AND  
 
(c) "The seed has been treated with _____ (insert one of the options below)  at_____ (insert the 
application rate used) _____  per kg seed."  
 
Note: The following fungicides may be used: 
thiram at 2g a.i. per kg seed  
azoxystrobin at 0.24g a.i. per kg seed 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  64 
     
Fagus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Fagus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
For the approved plant species for which NO species specific import health standards have 
been developed, the following conditions apply: 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests: Tortricidae 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"The seed has been treated with _____ (insert one of the options below)  _____ at 2g a.i. per kg 
seed." 
 
Note: One of the following fungicides is to be used: 
 
captan 
thiram 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  65 
     
Fragaria 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Fragaria ” . 
 
 
Entry conditions for Fragaria seeds from approved countries 
These requirements are in addition to the Ba sic requirements set out in Section 2 of the 
standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Fragaria  
Refer to the pest list. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the  
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Ribes seed for sowing imported into 
New Zealand. 
Import permit: an import permit is required. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by MAF have been undertaken.  
 
The Fragaria seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests. 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
No additional declarations are required. 
 
(vi) Post-entry quarantine  
PEQ:   All Fragaria  seeds must be imported under permit in to post-entry quarantine in a level 
3 quarantine facility accredited to  MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON Specification for the 
registration of a plant quarantine or containment facility, and operator . 
Quarantine Period:  The seed will be grown for a mini mum period of 6 months and will be 
inspected and/or tested for regulated pests at th e expense of the importer.  Six months is an 
indicative minimum quarantine period and this period may be extended if material is slow 
growing, pests are detected, or treatments/testing are required.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  66 
     
Fragaria  
 
Pest List for Fragaria    
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable) 
 
Viruses  
 
 Fragaria chiloensis latent virus  
Raspberry ringspot virus  
Strawberry latent ringspot virus (Strains not in 
New Zealand) 
Tobacco streak virus 
Tomato black ring virus  
Tomato ringspot virus (Strains not in New 
Zealand)  
 *For organisms intercepted that are not lis ted within this pest list refer to the Biosecurity 
Organisms Register for Imported Commodities to determine the regulatory status.  
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  67 
     
Fragaria  
  
Inspection, Testing and Treatment Requirements for Fragaria  
 
ORGANISM TYPES NZ MAF ACCEPTABLE METHODS 
(See notes below) 
Virus  
Fragaria chiloensis latent virus  
 Herbaceous indexing with Cq 
Raspberry ringspot virus  
 ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq 
Strawberry latent ringspot virus ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq 
Tobacco streak virus ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq  
Tomato black ring virus  
 ELISA and herbaceous indexing with Cq 
Tomato ringspot virus ELISA or PCR and herbaceous indexing with Cq 
Key Cq –  Chenopodium quinoa 
 ELISA - Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay 
 PCR - Polymerase chain reaction  
Notes: 
1. Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
 
2. The unit for testing is an individual seedling unless evidence  is supplied by the exporting 
NPPO that seeds have been derived from the sa me mother plant. Bulki ng of up to 5 seedlings 
derived from the same mother plant, for ELISA  or PCR testing, is acceptable. Samples must 
be tested individually by herbaceous indexing. 
 
3. Testing must be carried out on plan ts while they are in active growth.  
  
4. Indicator plants must be grow n under appropriate temperatures. 
 
5. Indicator plants must be shaded  for 12-24 hrs prior to inoculation. 
 
6. For each Fragaria plant, at least two young fully-expande d leaves must be sampled from 
the apical crown region. 
 
7.  Post-inoculated indicator plants must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse 
conditions for at least 4 weeks.  
 
8. Post-inoculated indicator plants  must be inspected at least tw ice per week for signs of virus 
infection with observations being recorded on a weekly basis. 
  
9.  PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use 
in quarantine testing.  
 
10. Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests. 
 
11. Positive controls must be used in PCR. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  68 
     
12.  Inspection of the Fragaria  plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and 
disease must be at least once per week. 
 
13.  Other internationally recognised testi ng methods may be accepted by MAF with prior 
notification.  
 
 
References 
Converse, R.H., ed. 1987. Virus Diseases of  Small Fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook No. 
631, 277 pp. 
 
Diekmann M, Frison EA and Putter T (). FAO/ IPGRI Technical Guidelines for the Safe 
Movement of Small Fruit Germplasm, www.ipgri.cgiar.org/Pu blications/pdf/249.pdf
 
Hanada, K. and Harrison, BD. (1977). Effects of virus genotype and temperature on seed 
transmission of nepoviruses.  Ann. appl. Biol . 85: 79-92 
 
ICTVdB: The Universal Virus Database, version 4.   
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
 
Johnson, H.A., Converse, R.H., Amorao A., Espejo  J., Frazier N.W. (1984) Seed Transmission 
of Tobacco streak virus in Strawberry. Plant Disease  68: 390-391 
 
Lister R.M. (1960) Transmission  of soil-borne viruses through seed. Virology . 10: 4, 547-549 
 
Lister, R.M., Murant A.F., (1967) Seed tr ansmission of nematode-borne viruses. Ann. appl. 
Biol. 59: 49-62 
 
Lister, R.M., Murant A.F. (1967) Seed-transmission in the ecology of nematode-borne viruses . 
Ann. appl. Biol . 59: 63-76 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Post -Entry Quarantine Testing Manual Fragaria  
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/files/regs/imports/plants/high -value-crops/peq-fragaria-
testing.pdf
 
Murant A.F. (1983) Seed and Pollen Tran smission of nematode-borne viruses. Seed Science 
and Technology, 11:973-987  
 
Spiegel, S., Martin, R.R., Leggett, F., ter Borg, M. and Postman, J. (1993) Characterization 
and geographical distribution of a new ilarvirus from Fragaria chiloensis.  Phytopathology 83: 
991-995 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Glycine 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Glycine” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Glycine  seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Glycine  
Peronospora manshurica;  Trogoderma spp. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the national plant 
protection organisation (NPPO) of  the exporting country must accompany all consignments of 
Glycine seeds for sowing that are imported into New Zealand. 
Genetically modified se ed test certificate:  MAF requires that all consignments of Glycine 
max (soybean) that are imported into New Zeala nd are tested for the presence of unapproved 
genetically modified seeds (s ee (vi) in this schedule). 
Import permit : an import permit is required only for consignments of seeds that must 
undergo post-entry quarantine as described in section 4 of th is schedule “Seed imported under 
permit into post-entry quarantine” . The permit should be obtained pr ior to the seed arriving at 
the New Zealand border. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Glycine seeds for sowing have been : 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, including Trogoderma spp. 
AND 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from 
Peronospora manshurica. 
AND 
 treated against Peronospora manshurica using one of the following fungicide 
combinations, either 
i) metalaxyl at 0.7 g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7 g a.i. per kg seed; or 
ii) metalaxyl at 0.7 g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1 g a.i. per kg seed. 
With prior approval, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve 
these treatments and add them to this schedule. 
 
(v)  Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section and must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phyto sanitary certificate: 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  70 
     
Glycine 
"The Glycine seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, including Trogoderma spp. 
AND 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from 
Peronospora manshurica. 
 
(vi) Sampling and testing Glycine max  seed consignments for adventitious presence of 
unapproved genetically modified seeds.  
 
MAF requires all consignments of Glycine max (soybean) imported into New Zealand to be 
representatively sampled, teste d, and found to be free of unapproved GM seeds. Alternatively, 
the seeds must be sourced from companies with MAF approved quali ty assurance systems 
which demonstrate equivalence with P CR testing every consignment of GM Glycine max . Any 
consignment that is found to contain unapprove d GM seeds will not be permitted to enter 
New Zealand and will be re-shipped or dest royed. Complete guidelines for sampling and 
testing for the presence of GM seeds are specified in the Protocol for Testing Seed Imports for 
the Presence of Gene tically Modified Seed . The protocol includes th ree further options for 
importers of small volumes of seed  (defined as less than 5kg for Glycine max ) for cultivar 
trials and multiplication.  
 
Testing may be conducted by facilities approved by MAF under the requirements specified in 
the Standard “ Approval of Facilities for Gene tically Modified Organism Testing” .  If testing is 
conducted offshore, a copy of the completed te st certificate (from a MAF-approved facility) 
must accompany the consignment imported into  New Zealand. MAF will examine the test 
certificates on arrival to confirm that they reco ncile with the actual consignment.  Importers 
must ensure that MAF has acce ss to all pertinent testing r ecords held by MAF-approved 
testing facilities for audit purposes.  
 
If consignments arrive at the New Zealand bord er without having been te sted for the presence 
of unapproved GM seeds, MAF will offer the impor ter the options of re-shipping or destroying 
the consignment, or having the consignment sa mpled and tested as above at the importer’ s 
expense. Any consignment held at the New Zealand border that is test ed and found to contain 
unapproved GM seeds will not be permitted to enter New Zealand and will be re-shipped or 
destroyed. 
 
The protocol and a list of MAF-approved facilities  for testing for the presence of GM material 
in Glycine max are located at the following address on the MAF web site: 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/regs/imports/plants/gmo   
 
Seed imported under permit into post-entry quarantine  
If a phytosanitary certificate with the required additional declarations can not be obtained, 
Glycine seed may be imported under permit into post-en try quarantine in a transitional facility 
accredited to MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON: Specification for the Registration of a  
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  71 
     
Glycine  
 
Plant Quarantine or Containment Facility, and Operator .  The seed will be grown for a 
minimum period of one growing season and will be tested or inspected for regulated pests at  
the expense of the importer. Such seed must be accompanied by an import permit directing the 
seed from the border to the transitional faci lity. The permit should be obtained prior to the 
seed arriving at the New Zealand border. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Gossypium 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Gossypium ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  Australia 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Anthonomus grandis; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the national plant 
protection organisation of the exporting count ry must accompany all consignments of 
Gossypium seeds for sowing exported to New Zeala nd.  The phytosanitary certificate must 
include the following additional declaration: 
"The seed has been cleaned and is completely free of lint". 
 
Import permit:  an import permit is required for all consignments of Gossypium hirsutum 
seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. The permit should be obtained prior to the seed 
arriving at the New Zealand borde r (see section 1.4). When appl ying for an import permit, the 
importer will be required to provide appropria te assurances that the consignment to be 
imported does not contain unauthorised genetically  modified seeds. Appropriate assurances 
include testing the consignment, or testing th e parent plants and is olating the crop during 
production. The New Zealand Ministry of Agricultu re and Forestry will develop a specific 
testing protocol for Gossypium hirsutum seeds for sowing if a significant number of 
consignments are exported to New Zealand. 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Helianthus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Helianthus ”. 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Cana da, Chile, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, 
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Swede n, Switzerland, United Kingdom, USA 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Alternaria helianthi; Lasioptera murtfeldtiana; Plasmopara halstedii; 
Septoria helianthi; Sunflower mosaic virus; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) "Alternaria helianthi, Lasioptera murtfe ldtiana, Plasmopara halstedii, Septoria 
helianthi, and Sunflower mosaic virus ar e not known to occur in _____ (the country 
or state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures and no Alternaria helianthi, Lasioptera 
murtfeldtiana, Plasmopara halstedii, Septoria helianthi or Sunflower mosaic 
virus was detected". 
 
OR 
 
(i) "The seed is from a crop that ha s been inspected during the growing 
season according to appropriate procedures and no Lasioptera 
murtfeldtiana, Plasmopara halstedii or Sunflower mosaic virus was 
detected". 
 
(ii) “No evidence of contamination with Alternaria helianthi or Septoria 
helianthii was found in 600 pure seeds drawn and tested in accordance 
with the general directions for seed health testing in the current International Rules for Seed Testing” . 
 
 
 
(Continued next page)  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Helianthus 
 
 
(b) "The seed has been treated with _____ (insert one of the options below)  _____". 
 
Note:  One of the following fungicide combinations is to be used: 
 
(i) Metalaxyl at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(ii) Metalaxyl at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Hordeum 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Hordeum ” . 
 
Entry conditions for Hordeum seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Ba sic requirements set out in Section 2 of the 
standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Hordeum  
Refer to “Pest List for Hordeum ” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech  Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxe mbourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, 
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdo m and United States of America. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of the  exporting country must 
accompany all Hordeum seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by MAF have been undertaken.  
The Hordeum seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, incl uding the regulated insects and mites on MAF’ s 
“Pest List for Hordeum ” and seeds of regulated weed species. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated bacteria (Pseudomonas syringae pv. striafaciens, Rathayibacter tritici, 
Xanthomonas campestris pv. undulosa) and viruses (Barley mosaic virus , High plains 
virus ). 
AND 
 EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from the named regulated fungi ( Cephalosporium 
gramineum , Fusarium longipes). 
OR 
- treated with one of the fungicide  combinations described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments 
for Hordeum ”;  
AND 
 EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from Tilletia controversa  
 OR 
- sourced from a “Pest free place of production” , free from Tilletia  controversa , AND 
treated  with one of the fungicide co mbinations described in MAF’ s “Approved 
Treatments for Hordeum ” . 
 OR  
- a representative sample of 600 seeds, draw n from this consignment according to the 
International Seed Testing Association’ s methodology, has been tested for Tilletia  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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controversa, AND treated  with one of the fungicide combinations described in MAF’ s 
“Approved Treatments for Hordeum ” . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by  providing the following additional 
declaration to the phytos anitary certificate:  
 
"The Hordeum seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the above regulated bacteria and viruses)  _____, 
and/or a “Pest free place of production” , free from _____  (name of the above regulated bacteria and viruses)  
_____. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the above regulated fungi)  _____; 
AND 
EITHER [choose ONE option] 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Tilletia  controversa , 
OR 
- sourced from a “Pest free place of production” , free from Tilletia  controversa ,  
 OR  
- No spores of Tilletia  controversa  were found in a representative sample of 600 seeds 
drawn from this consignment." 
 
 
 
 
Approved Treatments for Hordeum  
 
Fungicides 
One of the following treatments is required:  
i) Carboxin at 0.8 g a.i. per kg of seed and Thiram at 0.8 g a.i. per k.g of seed. 
ii) Carboxin at 0.8 g a.i. per kg of seed and Imazalil at 0.05 g a.i. per k.g of seed. 
iii) Flutriafol at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed  and Imazalil at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed. 
iv) Triadimenol at 0.23 g a.i. per kg of seed, Imazalil 0.075 g per kg of seed and Fuberidazole 
0.15g a.i per kg of seed. 
v) Tebuconazole at 0.025 g a.i. per kg of seed and Imazalil at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed. 
 
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these treatments and add them to this schedule. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Pest List for Hordeum  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Insect  
Insecta  
   Blattodea  
      Blattidae  
 Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach 
   Coleoptera  
      Curculionidae  
 Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil 
      Dermestidae  
 Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle 
 Trogoderma grassmani  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma irroratum  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle 
 Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle 
 Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle 
      Languriidae  
 Pharaxonotha kirschii  Mexican grain beetle 
      Tenebrionidae  
 Embaphion muricatum  false wireworm 
 Latheticus oryzae longheaded flour beetle 
 Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle 
 Palorus subdepressus depressed flour beetle 
 Tribolium audax  American black flour beetle 
 Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle 
   Lepidoptera 
      Tineidae  
 Haplotinea insectella  casemaking moth 
 Tinea fictrix  casemaking moth 
 
Mite  
Arachnida  
   Acarina 
      Acaridae  
 Acarophenax tribolii [Animals Biosecurity] grain mite 
      Eriophyidae  
 Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite 
 Aceria tulipae [vector] wheat curl mite 
      Pyemotidae  
 Pyemotes herfsi  straw itch mite 
 
Fungus  
Basidiomycota: Ustomycetes 
      Tilletiaceae  
 Tilletia controversa  dwarf bunt 
 
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mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)  
   Hyphomycetales  
      Moniliaceae  
 Cephalosporium gramineum stripe 
   Tuberculariales  
      Tuberculariaceae  
 Fusarium longipes fusarium head blight 
 
Bacterium  
      Corynebacteriaceae  
 Rathayibacter tritici  yellow ear rot 
      Pseudomonadaceae  
 Pseudomonas syringae  pv. striafaciens  bacterial stripe blight 
 Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa leaf streak 
 
Virus  
 Barley mosaic virus - 
 High plains virus - 
  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Humulus  
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Humulus lupulus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Pseudoperonospora humuli; Verticillium albo-atrum  
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 3 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Juglans 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Juglans” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Irela nd, Italy, Luxembourg, Mexico, 
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United 
Kingdom, USA 
 
Quarantine Pests: Gnomonia leptostyla ; Pyralidae; Tortricidae; Trogoderma  spp; Cherry 
leaf roll virus 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ: Level 1 
Minimum Period:  2 growing seasons 
Isolation: 50m 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) "Gnomonia leptostyla and Cherry leaf roll virus are not known to occur in 
_____ (the country or state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from trees that have been inspected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures and no Gnomonia leptostyla or Cherry leaf 
roll virus was detected". 
 
(b) "The seed was fumigated with methyl  bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at 
___ g/m3 at a temperature of ___ OC". 
 
Note:  The pressure/time/rate temperature combination used is to be in 
accordance with the following scale: 
 
 
(Continued next page)  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  81 
     
Juglans 
 
Temperature Rate 
(g/m3) Time 
(hours) Pressure 
 
15 - 21oC  
32  
12  
Atmospheric  
21oC or above  
16  
12  
Atmospheric  
15 - 21oC  
48  
1.5  
91 kpa vacuum  
21oC or above  
48  
1.0  
91 kpa vacuum 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Lablab 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lablab” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Earias vitella; Maruca  testulalis; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
For seed In pods: 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"The pods were inspected before export and no caterpillars of Earias vitella or Maruca 
testulalis were found in a 600 unit sample". 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Lavandula 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lavandula ”. 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Coniothyrium lavandulae; Phoma lavandulae 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Lavandula  seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from 
Coniothyrium lavandulae and Phoma lavandulae   
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Benomyl  at 2.5 g a.i. per kg seed  
 (ii)  Carbendazim  at 2.5 g a.i. per kg seed  
(iii) Thiophanate methyl at 2.5 a.i. per kg seed  
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
"Coniothyrium lavandulae and Phoma lavandulae are not known to occur in _____ (the 
country or state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according 
to appropriate procedures and no Coniothyrium lavandulae or Phoma lavandulae was 
detected". 
 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Lens 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lens ” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Lens seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Lens  
Trogoderma granarium . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Lens seeds for sowing imported into 
New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Lens  seeds for sowing have been: 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, including Trogoderma granarium . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Lens  seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offi cial procedures and found to be free of 
Trogoderma granarium . 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Linum usitatissimum 
 
Note: These entry conditi ons only apply to species in the Pl ants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see  155.02.05 under “Linum usitatissimum” . 
 
1. Species-specific entry conditions for Linum usitatissimum seeds for sowing from 
approved exporting countries  
 
(i) Pests of Linum usitatissimum  
None  
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries  
 
There are no specific entry conditions for Linum usitatissimum  seeds for sowing except for the 
following genetically modified variety which is prohibited entry to New Zealand without 
HSNO approval: 
Linum usitatissimum  var. FP967 (CDC Triffid) 
 
(iii) Documentation:  
Importers should declare that the consignment is not known to contai n seeds of the above 
prohibited variety. 
 
A declaration form is available on th e following page of this schedule. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  86 
     
~ 
Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 
Te Manatu Ahuwhenua, Ngaherehere 
 
 
 
DECLARATION FOR NON-GENETI CALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS 
 
 
I …………………………………. …………………….  d e c l a r e  t h a t  p u r s u a n t  t o  t h e  
requirements set out in the Seed for So wing Import Health Standard, that the Linum 
usitatissimum  seeds for sowing being imported are not known to contain genetically modified 
organisms. 
 
Genetically modified organism means, unl ess expressly provided otherwise by 
regulations, any organism in which any of the genes or any other genetic 
material have been modified by in vitro techniques or are inherited or otherwise 
derived, through any number of replications, fr om any genes or other genetic material 
which has been modified by in vitro techniques (as defined by the New Zealand HSNO 
Act 1996). 
 
Signed by (print name): 
 
 
Company Name and Details (if appropriate): 
 
 
Signature: 
 
 
Date: 
 
 
Warning : Any person who knowingly makes a statement of information or a declaration that 
is false or misleading in a material particul ar may on summary conviction, be sentenced to a 
term of imprisonment and/or a fine not exceeding $500,000.00.  
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Lithocarpus densiflorus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lithocarpus densiflorus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
For the approved plant species for which NO species specific import health standards have 
been developed, the following conditions apply: 
 
Countries:  Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, Tunisia, UK, 
USA 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Ceratocystis fagacearum; Tortricidae 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 1 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
Isolation: 50 m 
 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
"Ceratocystis fagacearum  is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was 
produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
(i) "Seed has been collected from trees th at have been officially inspected for 
disease caused by Ceratocystis fagacearum and no disease was detected". 
 
(ii) "The seed has been treated with _____ (insert one of the options below)  _____ at 2g a.i. 
per kg seed." 
 
Note: One of the following fungicides is to be used: 
 
captan 
thiram 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  88 
     
Livistona 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Livistona ”. 
 
1. Entry conditions for Livistona seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Livistona  
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid 
 
Note:  Seed covered in a fleshy pericarp will not be permitted entry into New Zealand. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Livistona seeds for sowing imported 
into New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Livistona seeds for sowing have: 
 been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free 
of any visually detectable regulated pests. 
AND 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been produced in a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Livistona seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
AND 
 been sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Coconut cadang-cadang viroid . 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Lophophora williamsii 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.06 under Lophophora williamsii ”. 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
Countries :  All 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS: 
 
Import permit and licence: an import permit and a licence to import controlled drugs are 
both required. Before applying for an import pe rmit from the Ministry of Agriculture and 
Forestry, the importer must obtain a li cence to import controlled drugs from: 
 
 Director General of Health 
Ministry of Health 
P O Box 5013 
Wellington  
Attention: Advisor, Controlled Drug Licensing 
 
  Telephone: 04 496 2438 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  90 
  
Lotus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Lotus” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cercospora loti; Trogoderma  spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"Cercospora loti is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was produced)  
_____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according 
to appropriate procedures and no Cercospora loti was detected". 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Macadamia 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Macadamia ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cryptophlebia ombrodelta; De udorix epijarbos; Dichocrocis 
punctiferalis; Isotenes miserana 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"The seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at ___ 
g/m3 at a temperature of ___ OC". 
 
Note: The pressure/time/rate temperature combination used is to be in accordance with the following scale: 
 
Temperature Rate 
(g/m3) Time (hours) Pressure 
 
15 - 21oC  
32  
12  
atmospheric  
21oC or above  
16  
12  
atmospheric  
15 - 21oC  
48  
1.5  
91 kpa vacuum  
21oC or above  
48  
1.0  
91 kpa vacuum 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Malus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Malus ” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Malus seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Malus  
Apple scar skin viroid ; Monilinia fructigena ; Sowbane mosaic virus;  Tomato bushy stunt virus . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Malus seeds for sowing imported into 
New Zealand. 
Import permit: an import permit must be obtained from the MAF prior to the Malus seeds 
arriving at the New Zealand border. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Malus seeds for sowing have been 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of the 
regulated pests (regulated weed species) specified by MAF. 
 
(v) Post-entry quarantine requirements  
All Malus seeds must be imported under permit into post-entry quarantine in a Level 3 
quarantine facility accredited to MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON: Specification for the 
Registration of a Plant Quarantine or  Containment Facility, and Operator .  The seed will be 
grown for a minimum period of 6 months and will be tested or inspected for regulated pests at 
the expense of the importer. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Malus 
 
Inspection, testing and treatment requirements for Malus 
 
ORGANISM TYPES MAF ACCEPTABLE 
METHODS  (See notes below) Comments 
Fungi   
Monilinia fructigena Growing season inspection in 
PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Viroid   
Apple scar skin viroid PCR using the method of Hadidi et al.  (1990).  
Virus   
Sowbane mosaic virus Herbaceous indicators Ca & Cq.  
Tomato bushy stunt virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
 
Notes: 
1. Indicator hosts: Chenopodium  amaranticolor  (Ca), C. quinoa (Cq) and Nicotiana 
clevelandi  (Nc) . 
2. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 
3. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 
4. With prior notification, MAF will accept other internationally recognised testing methods. 
5. For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be samp led from at least two positions on every stem 
including a young, fully expanded leaflet at the t op of each stem and an older leaflet from 
a midway position. 
6. Indicator plants must be grow n under appropriate temperatures. 
7. Indicator plants must be shaded for 12-24 hrs prior to inoculation. 
8. Maintain post-inoculated indicator species und er appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks. 
9. Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease. 
10. Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of 
virus infection. 
11. PCR and ELISA need to be va lidated using positive controls/reference material prior to 
use in quarantine testing. 
12. At least two plants of each i ndicator species unless otherwis e stated must be used in 
mechanical inoculation tests. 
13. Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests. 
14. Testing must be carried out on plants  while they are in active growth. 
15. Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  Ideally positive internal controls and a nega tive plant control should be used. Internal 
controls in PCR tests are important to  avoid the risk of false negatives. 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  94 
  
Reference 
 
Hadidi A, Yang X, 1990. Detection of pome fr uit viroids by enzymatic cDNA amplification. 
Journal of Virological Methods  30, 261-269. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Mangifera 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Mangifera ”. 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Sternochetus mangiferae;  Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferae-
indicae 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 1 
Minimum Period:  2 growing seasons 
Isolation:  50 m 
 
 
2. Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"The trees from which the seed was harv ested were inspected during the growing 
season Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferae-indicae was not detected". 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Medicago 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Medicago ”. 
 
1. Entry conditions for Medicago seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Medicago  
Pea early browning virus ; Peanut stunt virus ; Trogoderma granarium ; Xanthomonas 
campestris pv. alfalfae . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Medicago seeds for sowing imported 
into New Zealand. 
Genetically modified se ed test certificate:  MAF requires that all consignments of Medicago 
sativa (alfalfa/lucerne) that are imported into New Zealand are tested for the presence of 
unapproved genetically modified seed s (see (vi) in this schedule). 
 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
The Medicago seeds for sowing have been: 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, including Trogoderma granarium . 
AND 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Pea early 
browning virus , Peanut stunt virus and Xanthomonas campestris pv. alfalfae . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Medicago seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offi cial procedures and found to be free of 
Trogoderma granarium . 
AND 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Pea early 
browning virus , Peanut stunt virus and Xanthomonas campestris pv. alfalfae . 
 
(vi) Sampling and testing Medicago sativa  seed consignments for adventitious presence of  
unapproved genetically modified seeds  
MAF requires all consignments of Medicago sativa (alfalfa/lucerne) imported into New 
Zealand to be representatively sampled, teste d, and found to be free of unapproved GM seeds. 
Alternatively, the seeds must be sourced from companies with MAF approved quality 
assurance systems which demonstrate equivalenc e with PCR testing every consignment of GM 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  97 
  
Medicago sativa . Any consignment that is found to c ontain unapproved GM seeds will not be 
permitted to enter New Zealand and will be re-s hipped or destroyed. Complete guidelines for 
sampling and testing for the presence of GM seeds are specified in the Protocol for Testing 
Seed Imports for the Presence of Genetically Modified Seed .  The protocol includes three 
further options for importers of small volum es of seed (defined as less than 100g for Medicago 
sativa ) for cultivar trials and multiplication.  
 
Testing may be conducted by facilities approved by MAF under the requirements specified in 
the Standard “ Approval of Facilities for Gene tically Modified Organism Testing” .  If testing is 
conducted offshore, a copy of the completed te st certificate (from a MAF-approved facility) 
must accompany the consignment imported into  New Zealand. MAF will examine the test 
certificates on arrival to confirm that they reco ncile with the actual consignment.  Importers 
must ensure that MAF has acce ss to all pertinent testing r ecords held by MAF-approved 
testing facilities for audit purposes.  
 
If consignments arrive at the New Zealand bord er without having been te sted for the presence 
of unapproved GM seeds, MAF will offer the impor ter the options of re-shipping or destroying 
the consignment, or having the consignment sa mpled and tested as above at the importer’ s 
expense. Any consignment held at the New Zealand border that is test ed and found to contain 
unapproved GM seeds will not be permitted to enter New Zealand and will be re-shipped or 
destroyed. 
 
The protocol and a list of MAF-approved facilities  for testing for the presence of GM material 
in Medicago sativa  are located at the following address on the MAF web site:  
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/regs/imports/plants/gmo   
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Nicotiana tabacum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Nicotiana tabacum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Peronospora tabacina 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
 
OPTION 1: 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional declarations: 
 
"Peronospora tabacini  is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was 
produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
(i) "The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season and 
no Peronospora tabacini  was detected". 
 
(ii) "The seed was treated with _____ (insert one of the options below)  _____". 
 
Note:  One of the following fungicide combinations is to be used: 
 
(i) metalaxyl at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(ii) metalaxyl at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
 
(Continued next page)  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  99 
  
Nicotiana tabacum 
 
OPTION 2: 
 
1. The seed is to be untreated before despatch. 
 
2. The seed is to be consigned to a Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 
Biosecurity Authority approved Seed  Testing Station to test for Peronospora 
tabacini , at the expense of the importer . 
 
(a) If the tests are negative the seed is to be treated with one of the 
following fungicide combinations be fore release to the importer: 
 
(i) metalaxyl at 0.7 g a.i. per kg s eed and captan at 0.7 g a.i. per kg 
seed. 
 
(ii) metalaxyl at 0.7 g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1 g a.i. per kg 
seed. 
 
(b) If the tests are positive the seed  is to be reshipped or destroyed.  
 
 
OPTION 3:  
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ: Level 3 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Oxyria 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Oxyria ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Ustilago vinosa  
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Oxyria  seeds for sowing have been: 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(ii) Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(iii) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and triadimenol at 220mg a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(iv)       Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg  seed and flutriafol at 80mg a.i. per kg seed.  
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section.  No additional d eclarations are required. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Panicum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Panicum ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Peronosclerospora sorghi; Sclerospora graminicola; Trogoderma spp.; 
Ustilaginales 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Panicum seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from 
Peronosclerospora sorghi and Sclerospora graminicola     
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(ii) Carboxin at 0.8g a. i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(iii) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and triadimenol at 220mg a.i. per kg seed. 
 
(iv) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and flutriafol at 80mg a.i. per kg seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
"Peronoslerospora sorghi and Sclerospora graminicola are not known to occur in _____ (the 
country or state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according to 
appropriate procedures and no Peronoslerospora sorghi or Sclerospora graminicola was 
detected". 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Papaver somniferum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.06 under Papaver somniferum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
Countries :  All 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
Importers of Papaver somniferum  seed must obtain written ap proval from the Ministry of 
Health prior to importation.  Before applying fo r approval importers must  provide a letter of 
declaration stating the intended use of the seed to: 
 
 Director, General of Health 
Ministry of Health 
P O Box 5013 
Wellington  
Attention: Advisor, Controlled Drug Licensing 
Telephone: 04 496 2018  
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Persea 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Persea ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  USA 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Avocado sunblotch viroid; Blackstreak 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 3 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Phaseolus 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Phaseolus ” . 
 
Entry conditions for Phaseolus seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Basic re quirements set out in Sec tion 2 of the standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Phaseolus  
Refer to “Pest List for Phaseolus” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmar k, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, 
Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Portuga l, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom and United 
States of America. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of the  exporting country must 
accompany all Phaseolus seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities require d by MAF have been undertaken.  
The Phaseolus seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests,  including the regulated insects on MAF’ s “Pest List for 
Phaseolus”  and seeds of regulated weed species. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated bacteria (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. flaccumfaciens ) and viruses 
(Artichoke yellow ringspot virus , Bean common mosaic  virus  [blackeye cowpea mosaic 
strain], Broad bean mottle virus, Cowpea severe mosaic  virus , Pea early-browning virus, 
Peanut mottle virus, Peanut stunt virus , Southern bean mosaic virus, Tomato black ring 
virus ). 
AND 
EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from the named regulated fungi ( Cochliobolus 
miyabeanus , Elsinoe phaseoli , Phoma exigua var. diversispora). 
OR 
- treated with one of the fungicide  combinations described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments 
for Phaseolus ” . 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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 (v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by  providing the following additional 
declaration to the phytos anitary certificate:  
 
"The Phaseolus seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the regulated bacteria and viruses)  _____, 
and/or a “Pest free place of production” , free from _____  (name of the regulated bacteria and viruses)  
_____. 
AND 
- [if appropriate] sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the regulated fungi)  
_____." 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Pest List for Phaseolus  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Insect  
Insecta  
   Coleoptera  
      Bostrichidae  
 Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer 
      Bruchidae  
 Acanthoscelides argillaceus  bean weevil 
 Acanthoscelides obvelatus  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchidius atrolineatus seed beetle 
 Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle 
 Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil 
 Callosobruchus analis  cowpea weevil 
 Callosobruchus maculatus cowpea weevil 
 Callosobruchus phaseoli  cowpea weevil 
 Zabrotes subfasciatus Mexican bean weevil 
   Lepidoptera 
      Pyralidae  
 Etiella grisea  pod borer 
 Etiella grisea drososcia  pod borer 
 Etiella zinckenella  limabean pod borer 
      Tortricidae  
 Cydia fabivora  pod moth 
 Matsumuraeses phaseoli  Adzuki pod worm 
 
Fungus  
Ascomycota  
   Dothideales  
      Elsinoaceae 
 Elsinoe phaseoli  scab 
      Pleosporaceae  
 Cochliobolus miyabeanus (anamorph 
Bipolaris oryzae ) - 
mitosporic fungi (Coelomycetes) 
   Sphaeropsidales  
      Sphaerioidaceae  
 Phoma exigua var.  diversispora ascochyta leaf spot 
Bacterium  
      Corynebacteriaceae  
 Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens  pv. 
flaccumfaciens  bacterium wilt 
 
Virus 
 Artichoke yellow ringspot virus - 
 Bean common mosaic virus  [blackeye cowpea 
mosaic strain] - 
 Broad bean mottle virus  - 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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 Cowpea severe mosaic virus - 
 Pea early-browning virus - 
 Peanut mottle virus - 
 Peanut stunt virus  - 
 Southern bean mosaic virus  - 
 Tomato black ring virus - 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Phaseolus  
 Approved Treatments for Phaseolus  
 
Fungicides 
One of the following treatments is required:  
i) Metalaxyl-M at 0.35 g a.i per kg of seed, fludioxonil at 0.1 g a.i per kg of seed and 
cymoxanil 0.2 g a.i per kg of seed. 
ii) Fosetyl aluminium at 1.53 g a.i per kg of s eed, thiram at 0.5 g a.i per kg of seed and 
thiabendazole at 0.37 g a.i per kg of seed. 
 
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these 
treatments and add them to this schedule. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Phoenix 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Phoenix” . 
 
1. Entry conditions for Phoenix seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Phoenix  
Coconut cadang-cadang viroid  and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. canariensis  
 
Note:  Seed covered in a fleshy pericarp will not be permitted entry into New Zealand. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries except Guam, the Philippines and the Solomon Islands. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Phoenix seeds for sowing imported 
into New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by the MAF have been undertaken. 
1. The Phoenix seeds for sowing have: 
 been inspected in accordance with appropriate official procedures and found to be free 
of any visually detectable regulated pests. 
AND 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the 
Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
 
2. If the consignment contains Phoenix canariensis , Phoenix dactylifera  or Phoenix reclinata  
seeds for sowing, these seeds have: 
 been produced in a “Pest free area” , free from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Canariensis . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Phoenix seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
 been produced in an approved country and have not been produced in Guam, the Philippines or the Solomon Islands. 
 
If the consignment contains Phoenix canariensis , Phoenix dactylifera  or Phoenix reclinata  
seeds for sowing, the following further a dditional declaration is also required: 
 
"The Phoenix canariensis , Phoenix dactylifera  or Phoenix reclinata  seeds for sowing in this 
consignment have been produced in a “Pest free area” , free from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. 
canariensis ." 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  110 
    
Pinus 
 
Please refer to the Generic Import Hea lth Standard for Seed for Sowing of Pinus spp. from All 
Countries - 10 July 2002 located  at the following website: 
 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/imports/forests /standards/propagable-forest-produce/pinus-
spp.htm   
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Pisum 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pisum” . 
 
Entry conditions for Pisum seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Basic re quirements set out in Sec tion 2 of the standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Pisum  
Refer to “Pest List for Pisum ” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech  Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Th e Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, 
Taiwan, United Kingdom and United States of America. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of the  exporting country must 
accompany all Pisum seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities require d by MAF have been undertaken.  
The Pisum seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests,  including the regulated insects on MAF’ s “Pest List for 
Pisum ” and seeds of regulated weed species. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated viruses (Broad bean mottle virus , Broad bean stain virus , Clover yellow mosaic 
virus , Pea early-browning virus , Pea enation mosaic virus, Peanut mottle virus, Peanut stunt 
virus ). 
AND 
EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from Cladosporium  cladosporioides  f. sp. pisicola . 
OR 
- treated with one of the fungicide  combinations described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments 
for Pisum ” . 
 
 
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Pisum 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-ship ment activities have been undert aken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by providing the following additional 
declaration to the phytos anitary certificate:  
 
"The Pisum seeds for sowing in this consignment have: 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from ____   (name of the regulated viruses)  ____, and/or a “Pest 
free place of production” , free from ____ (name of the regulated viruses)  ____. 
AND 
- [if appropriate] sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from Cladosporium  cladosporioides  f. 
sp. pisicola .  
 
(vi) Pea soak testing on arrival in New Zealand  
For lots of pea seed over 2kg, a small sample of  pea seeds (approx 100 grams per lot) will be 
taken and soaked with water on arrival to verify that the seed is free fr om any regulated pests 
(e.g. pea weevil larvae).  
 
Note: Small samples of pea seed (< 2kg) for resear ch purposes do not require the soak test but 
still require dry inspection. 
 
 
 
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Pest List for Pisum  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Insect  
Insecta  
   Coleoptera  
      Bruchidae  
 Acanthoscelides zeteki  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchidius atrolineatus seed beetle 
 Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle 
 Bruchidius quinqueguttatus  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchus affinis  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchus emarginatus  Mediterranean pulse beetle 
 Bruchus ervi  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchus lentis  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil 
 Bruchus rufimanus  broad bean weevil 
 Bruchus tristis  bruchid beetle 
 Callosobruchus analis  cowpea weevil 
 Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil 
 Callosobruchus maculatus cowpea weevil 
      Dermestidae  
 Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle 
   Lepidoptera 
      Lycaenidae  
 Euchrysops cnejus  blue butterfly 
      Noctuidae  
 Spodoptera praefica  western yellowstriped armyworm 
      Pyralidae  
 Etiella zinckenella  limabean pod borer 
      Tortricidae  
 Cydia nigricana  pea moth 
 
Fungus 
mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes) 
   Hyphomycetales 
     Dematiaceae 
          Cladosporium cladosporioides f. sp. pisicola                                  cladosporium blight 
 
Virus 
 Broad bean mottle virus  - 
 Broad bean stain virus - 
 Clover yellow mosaic virus - 
 Pea early-browning virus - 
 Pea enation mosaic virus - 
 
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 Peanut mottle virus - 
 Peanut stunt virus  - 
 
 
 
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Approved Treatments for Pisum  
 
Fungicides 
One of the following treatments is required:  
i) Metalaxyl-M at 0.35 g a.i per kg of seed, fludioxonil at 0.1 g a.i per kg of seed and 
cymoxanil 0.2 g a.i per kg of seed. 
ii) Fosetyl aluminium at 1.53 g a.i per kg of s eed, thiram at 0.5 g a.i per kg of seed and 
thiabendazole at 0.37 g a.i per kg of seed. 
iii) Metalaxyl-M at 0.35 g a.i per kg of seed, fl udioxonil at 0.1 g a.i per kg of seed and 
cymoxanil 0.2 g a.i per kg of seed. 
 
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these treatments 
and add them to this schedule.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Populus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Populus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, 
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, 
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Swede n, Switzerland, United Kingdom, USA 
 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Marssonina spp. 
 
Entry Conditions:  Basic; PLUS 
 
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 2 and Level 1 
 
Minimum Period:  2 growing seasons as follows: 
- in a Level 2 quarantine f acility for the first season 
- in a Level 1 quarantine facility subsequently 
 
Isolation:  50m when planted outside 
 
 
 
 
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Prunus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Prunus ” . 
 
 
1. Entry conditions for Prunus seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Prunus  
Eurytoma amygdali ; Cherry leaf roll virus [strains not in New Zealand]; Cherry rasp leaf 
virus ; Prune dwarf virus [strains not in New Zealand]; Prunus necrotic ringspot virus [strains 
not in New Zealand]; Plum pox virus; Tomato bushy stunt virus . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Prunus seeds for sowing imported into 
New Zealand. 
Import permit: an import permit must be obtained from the MAF prior to the Prunus seeds 
arriving at the New Zealand border. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Prunus seeds for sowing have been 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, including Eurytoma amygdali . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by providing the following additional declarations to the phytosanitary 
certificate: 
"The Prunus seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offi cial procedures and found to be free of 
Eurytoma amygdali . 
 
(vi) Post-entry quarantine requirements  
All Prunus seeds must be imported under permit into  post-entry quaran tine in a Level 3 
quarantine facility accredited to MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON: Specification for the 
Registration of a Plant Quarantine or  Containment Facility, and Operator .  The seed will be 
grown for a minimum period of 6 months and will be tested or inspected for regulated pests at 
the expense of the importer.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Prunus 
Inspection, testing and treatment requirements for Prunus 
 
ORGANISM TYPES MAF ACCEPTABLE 
METHODS  (See notes below) Comments 
Fungi   
Monilinia fructigena Growing season inspection in 
PEQ for disease symptom expression.   
Virus   
Cherry leaf roll virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Cs.   
Cherry rasp leaf virus ELISA or PCR using the method of James et al.  (1991) 
AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Cs.  
Plum pox virus Durviz ELISA (Agdia) or PCR 
using the method of Wetzel et 
al. (1991) AND herbaceous 
indicators Nc and Cf.   
Prunus necrotic ringspot 
virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR using the method of Spiegel et al.  
(1996) AND herbaceous indicators Cs.  
Tomato bushy stunt virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.   
 
 
Notes: 
1. Indicator hosts: Chenopodium foetidum  (Cf), Chenopodium quinoa (Cq), Cucumis sativus 
(Cs) and Nicotiana clevelandii (Nc). 
2. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 
3. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 
4. With prior notification, MAF will accept other internationally recognised testing methods. 
5. For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be samp led from at least two positions on every stem 
including a young, fully expanded leaflet at the t op of each stem and an older leaflet from 
a midway position. 
6. Indicator plants must be grow n under appropriate temperatures. 
7. Indicator plants must be shaded for 12-24 hrs prior to inoculation. 
8. Maintain post-inoculated indicator species und er appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks. 
9. Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease. 
10. Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of 
virus infection. 
 11. At least two plants of each i ndicator species unless otherwis e stated must be used in 
 
 
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Prunus 
mechanical inoculation tests. 
12. Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests. 
13. Testing must be carried out on plants  while they are in active growth. 
14. Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  
Ideally positive internal controls and a nega tive plant control should be used. Internal 
controls in PCR tests are important to  avoid the risk of false negatives. 
15. ELISA or PCR for PPV must test  negative before herbaceous indicator tests are conducted. 
 
References 
 
James D, Howell WE, Mink GI, 2001.Molecular evidence of the relationship between a virus 
associated with flat apple disease and Cherry rasp leaf virus  as determined by RT-PCR. 
Plant Disease  85, 47-52. 
 
Spiegel S, Scott SW, BowmanVance V, Tam Y, Galiakparov NN, Rosner A, 1996. Improved 
detection of prunus necrotic ringspot virus by the polymerase chain reaction. European  
Journal of Plant Pathology  102, 681-685. 
 
Wetzel T, Candresse T, Ravelonandro M, D unez J, 1991. A polymerase chain-reaction assay 
adapted to plum pox potyvirus detection. Journal of Virological Methods  33, 355-365. 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Pseudotsuga 
 
Please refer to the Generic Import Hea lth Standard for Seed for Sowing of Pseudotsuga 
menziesii  from All Countries - 02 March 2001 
 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/imports/f orests/standards/propagable-forest-
produce/pseudotsuga-menziesii.htm   
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Psophocarpus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Psophocarpus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Etiella spp.;  Maruca testul alis; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic;  PLUS 
 
For Seed in Pods: 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"The pods were inspected before export and no caterpillars of Etiella spp. or Maruca 
testulalis were found in a 600 unit sample". 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Pyrus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Pyrus” . 
 
 
1. Entry conditions for Pyrus seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
(i) Pests of Pyrus  
Apple scar skin viroid ; Monilinia fructigena ; Tomato bushy stunt virus ; Pear bark measle.  
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Pyrus seeds for sowing imported into 
New Zealand.  
Import permit: an import permit must be obtained from the MAF prior to the Pyrus seeds 
arriving at the New Zealand border. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activitie s required by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Pyrus seeds for sowing have been: 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of the 
regulated pests (including regulated  weed species) specified by MAF. 
 
(v) Post-entry quarantine requirements  
All Pyrus seeds must be imported under permit into post-entry quarantine in a Level 3 
quarantine facility accredited to MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON: Specification for the 
Registration of a Plant Quarantine or  Containment Facility, and Operator .  The seed will be 
grown for a minimum period of 6 months and will be tested or inspected for regulated pests at 
the expense of the importer. 
 
 
 
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Pyrus 
 
Inspection, testing and treatment requirements for Pyrus 
 
ORGANISM TYPES MAF ACCEPTABLE 
METHODS  (See notes below) Comments 
Fungi   
Monilinia fructigena Growing season inspection in 
PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Viroid   
Apple scar skin viroid PCR using the method of Hadidi et al.  (1990).  
Virus   
Tomato bushy stunt virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Unknown etiology   
Pear bark measle Growing season inspection in 
PEQ for disease expression.  
 
Notes: 
1. Indicator hosts: Chenopodium quinoa (Cq), and Nicotiana clevelandi (Nc). 
2. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 
3. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 
4. With prior notification, MAF will accept other internationally recognised testing methods. 
5. For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be samp led from at least two positions on every stem 
including a young, fully expanded leaflet at the t op of each stem and an older leaflet from 
a midway position. 
6. Indicator plants must be grow n under appropriate temperatures. 
7. Indicator plants must be shaded for 12-24 hrs prior to inoculation. 
8. Maintain post-inoculated indicator species und er appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks. 
9. Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease. 
10. Inspect inoculated herbaceous indicator plants at least twice per week for symptoms of 
virus infection. 
11. PCR and ELISA need to be va lidated using positive controls/reference material prior to 
use in quarantine testing. 
12. At least two plants of each i ndicator species unless otherwis e stated must be used in 
mechanical inoculation tests. 
13. Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests. 
14. Testing must be carried out on plants  while they are in active growth. 
15. Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  Ideally positive internal controls and a nega tive plant control should be used. Internal 
controls in PCR tests are important to  avoid the risk of false negatives. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Pyrus 
 
Reference 
Hadidi A, Yang X, 1990. Detection of pome fruit viroids by enzymatic cDNA amplification. 
Journal of Virological Methods  30, 261-269. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Quercus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Quercus ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  Australia, Canada, Germany, India, Is rael, Japan, Mexic o, Spain, Tunisia, 
UK, USA 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Ceratocystis fagacearum; Cryphonectria parasitica;  Curculionidae 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
1. A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 3 
Minimum Period:  2 years 
Isolation: 50 m 
 
 Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) "Ceratocystis fagacearum  is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed 
was produced)  _____". 
 
 AND 
 
(b) "Cryphonectria parasitica  is known not to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed 
was produced)  _____". 
 
 OR 
“Cryphonectria parasitica  is not prevalent in _____ (the  country or state where the 
seed was produced)” . 
 
 AND 
(c) "The seed was fumigated with methyl bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at ___ 
g/m3 at a temperature of___ OC. 
 
 
Note:  The pressure/time/rate temperature combination used is to be in 
accordance with the following scale: 
 
    Continued overleaf 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Temperature aRate (g/ m3) Time (hours) Pressure 
 
15  - 21oC 32  
12  
atmospheric  
21 oC or above 16  
12  
atmospheric  
15  - 21oC 48  
1.5  
91 kpa vacuum  
21 oC or above 48  
1.0  
91 kpa vacuum 
 
 
 
OPTION 2: 
 
PEQ:  Level 3 
Minimum Period:  2 years 
Isolation: 50 m 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
(a) “The seed has been taken from trees th at have been officially inspected during 
active growth and no diseases caused by Ceratocystis fagacearum  or 
Cryphonectria parasitica  were detected” . 
 
 AND 
(b)  "The seed was fumigated with methyl  bromide at ___ pressure for ___ hours at 
___ g/m3 at a temperature of___ OC. 
 
 
 
Inspection and testing requirements for Quercus . 
 
ORGANISM MAF ACCEPTABLE METHOD 
Fungi  
Ceratocystis fagacearum  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease 
symptom expression. 
Cryphonectria parasitica  Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Ribes 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Ribes ” . 
 
 
Entry conditions for Ribes seeds from approved countries 
These requirements are in addition to the Basic re quirements set out in Sec tion 2 of the standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Ribes  
Refer to the pest list. 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the  
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Ribes seed for sowing imported into 
New Zealand. 
Import permit: an import permit is required. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities require d by MAF have been undertaken.  
 
The Ribes seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests. 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
No additional declarations are required. 
 
(vi) Post-entry quarantine  
PEQ:   All Ribes  seeds must be imported under permit in to post-entry quarantine in a level 3 
quarantine facility accredited to  MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON Specification for the 
registration of a plant quarantine or containment facility, and operator . 
Quarantine Period:  The seed will be grown for a mini mum period of 6 months and will be 
inspected and/or tested for regulated pests at th e expense of the importer.  Six months is an 
indicative minimum quarantine period and this period may be extended if material is slow 
growing, pests are detected, or treatments/testing are required.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Ribes  
 
Pest List for Ribes   
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable) 
 
Viruses  
 
Raspberry ringspot virus    
 
Tobacco rattle virus  
(strains not in New Zealand)  
 
Tomato black ring virus  
 
 *For organisms intercepted that are not lis ted within this pest list refer to the Biosecurity 
Organisms Register for Imported Commodities to determine the regulatory status.  
 
 
 
 
 
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Ribes  
  
Inspection, Testing and Treatment Requirements for Ribes  
 
ORGANISM TYPES NZ MAF ACCEPTABLE METHODS 
(See notes below) 
Virus  
both ‘Currant type’ and 
‘Gooseberry type’ Ribes )  
Raspberry ringspot virus  
 ELISA or PCR and  
herbaceous indexing with Ca and Cq OR  Cq , Cs and Nc 
‘Currant type’ Ribes only  
Tobacco rattle virus (strains not 
in New Zealand)  Herbaceous indexing with Ca a nd Cq OR  Cq , Cs and Nc 
Tomato black ring virus  
 ELISA and herbaceous indexing with Ca and Cq OR  Cq , Cs and Nc 
Key Ca - Chenopodium amaranticolor  Cq –  Chenopodium quinoa 
 Cs –  Cucumis sativus    Nc –  Nicotiana clevelandii 
 ELISA - Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay 
 PCR - Polymerase chain reaction 
 
Notes: 
1. Tests are to be carried out on plants germinated from the imported seeds.  
 
2. The unit for testing is an individual seedling unless evidence  is supplied by the exporting 
NPPO that seeds have been derived from the sa me mother plant. Bulki ng of up to 5 seedlings 
derived from the same mother plant, for ELISA or PCR testing, is acceptable. Samples must be 
tested individually by herbaceous indexing. 
 
3. Testing must be carried out on plan ts while they are in active growth.  
 
4. Indicator plants must be grow n under appropriate temperatures. 
 
5. Indicator plants must be shaded  for 12-24 hrs prior to inoculation. 
 
6. For each Ribes plant, at least two fully -expanded leaves must be sampled from different 
branches of the main stem, one a younger leaf and one an older leaf.  
 
7.  Post-inoculated indicator plan ts must be maintained under appropriate glasshouse conditions 
for at least 4 weeks.  
 
8. Post-inoculated indicator plants  must be inspected at least tw ice per week for signs of virus 
infection with observations being recorded on a weekly basis. 
 
9. PCR and ELISA need to be validated using pos itive controls/reference material prior to use in 
quarantine testing.  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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10. Positive, negative, and buffer controls must be used in ELISA tests. 
 
11. Positive controls must be used in PCR. 
 
12.  Inspection of the Ribes plants by the operator of the PEQ facility for signs of pest and 
disease must be at least once per week. 
 
13.  Other internationally recognised testi ng methods may be accepted by MAF with prior 
notification. 
 
 
References 
 
Converse, R.H., ed. 1987. Virus Diseases of  Small Fruits. USDA Agriculture Handbook No. 
631, 277 pp. 
 
Diekmann M, Frison EA and Putter T (). FAO/ IPGRI Technical Guidelines for the Safe 
Movement of Small Fruit Germplasm, www.ipgri.cgiar.org/Pu blications/pdf/249.pdf
 
Hanada, K. and Harrison, BD. (1977). Effects of virus genotype and temperature on seed 
transmission of nepoviruses.  Ann. appl. Biol . 85: 79-92 
 
ICTVdB: The Universal Virus Database, version 4.    
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/
 
Lister R.M. (1960) Transmission  of soil-borne viruses through seed. Virology . 10: 4, 547-549 
 
Lister, R.M., Murant A.F., (1967) Seed tr ansmission of nematode-borne viruses. Ann. appl. Biol. 
59: 49-62 
 
Lister, R.M., Murant A.F. (1967) Seed-transmission in the ecology of nematode-borne viruses . 
Ann. appl. Biol . 59: 63-76 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Post -Entry Quarantine Testing Manual Ribes  
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/files/regs/imports/plants/high -value-crops/ribes-testing-
manual.pdf
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  131 
      
Rubus idaeus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Rubus idaeus ” . 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All  
 
Quarantine Pests:  Tomato black ring virus; Tomato ringspot virus. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ: Level 3 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Sesamum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Sesamum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Alternaria sesami; Cercoseptoria sesami; Xanthomonas campestris pv. 
sesami; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities requi red by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Sesamum  seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Alternaria 
sesami, Cercoseptoria sesami and Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami    
AND 
-        treated with Iprodione at 2.5g a.i. per kg of seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
"Alternaria sesami, Cercoseptoria sesami and Xanthomonas campestris  pv. 
sesami are not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season according to appropriate procedures and no Alternaria sesami, Cercoseptoria 
sesami or Xanthomonas campestris pv. sesami  was detected". 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Solanum tuberosum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Solanum tuberosum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Andean potato latent virus; Potato black ring virus; Potato spindle tuber 
viroid; Potato virus T; Tobacco ringspot virus 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ : Level 3 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Sorghum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Sorghum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  Australia, USA 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Peronosclerospora sorghi; Sclerospora graminicola; Trogoderma spp.; 
Ustilaginales 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities requi red by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Sorghum  seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from 
Peronosclerospora sorghi and  Sclerospora graminicola    
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
(i) Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and thiram at 1g a.i. per kg seed. 
(ii) Carboxin at 0.8g a.i. per kg seed and captan at 0.7g a.i. per kg seed. 
(iii) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and triadimenol at 220mg a.i. per kg seed. 
(iv) Imazalil at 80mg a.i. per kg seed and flutriafol at 80mg a.i. per kg seed. 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
"Peronoslerospora sorghi and Sclerospora graminicola are not known to occur in _____ 
(the country or state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been  inspected during the growing season and no 
Peronosclerospora sorghi  or Sclerospora graminicola  was detected". 
 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Stenotaphrum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Stenotaphrum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries: All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Panicum mosiac virus 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
A prior permit to import is required: 
 
PEQ:  Level 3 
Minimum Period:  1 growing season 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Trigonella foenum-graecum 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Trigonella foenum-graecum ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cercosporidium traversiana; Trogoderma spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Requirements: 
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities requi red by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Trigonella foenum-graecum seeds for sowing have been: 
 sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from 
Cercosporidium traversiana    
AND 
-        treated with one of the following fungicide combinations, either 
 i)  Benomyl  at 2.5 g a.i. per kg seed  
 (ii)  Carbendazim  at 2.5 g a.i. per kg seed  
(iii) Thiophanate methyl at 2.5 a.i. per kg seed  
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities have been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section, and by providing the followi ng additional declarations to the 
phytosanitary certificate: 
 
"Cercosporidium traversiana  is not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the seed was 
produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been in spected during the growing season according to 
appropriate procedures and no Cercosporidium traversiana was detected". 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Triticum 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Triticum ” . 
 
Entry conditions for Triticum seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Basic re quirements set out in Sec tion 2 of the standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Triticum  
Refer to “Pest List for Triticum ” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech  Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 
Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Th e Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, 
Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States of America. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of the  exporting country must 
accompany all Triticum seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities require d by MAF have been undertaken.  
The Triticum seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, incl uding the regulated insects and mites on MAF’ s “Pest 
List for Triticum ” and seeds of regulated weed species. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated bacteria (Rathayibacter tritici , Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa) and viruses 
(High plains virus, Indian peanut clump virus). 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from Anguina tritici, 
or inspected microscopically for Anguina tritici  in accordance with appropriate official 
procedures . 
AND 
 EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from the named regulated fungi ( Alternaria triticina , 
Cephalosporium gramineum, Curvularia verruculosa). 
OR 
- treated with one of the fungicide  combinations described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments 
for Triticum ”; 
 AND  
 EITHER 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from Tilletia controversa  and Tilletia  indica , 
 OR 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  138 
    
- sourced from a “Pest free place of production” , free from Tilletia  controversa and  Tilletia 
indica , AND treated  with one of the fungicide co mbinations described in MAF’ s “Approved 
Treatments for Triticum ” . 
 OR  
- a representative sample of 600 seeds, draw n from this consignment according to the 
International Seed Testing Association’ s methodology, has been tested for Tilletia  
controversa  and Tilletia  indica , AND treated  with one of the fungicide combinations 
described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments for Triticum ” . 
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-ship ment activities have been undert aken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by providing the following additional 
declaration to the phytos anitary certificate:  
 
"The Triticum seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the above regulated bacteria and viruses)  _____, 
and/or a “Pest free place of production” , free from _____  (name of the above regulated bacteria and viruses)  
_____. 
AND  
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  ”, free from Anguina tritici , OR  “Pest free place of 
production” , free from Anguina tritici, OR inspected microscopically for Anguina tritici. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the above regulated fungi)  _____; 
 AND 
EITHER [choose ONE option]  
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from Tilletia controversa  and Tilletia indica , 
 OR 
- sourced from a “Pest free place of production” , free from Tilletia  controversa  and Tilletia 
indica ,  
 OR  
- No spores of Tilletia  controversa  or Tilletia  indica  were found in a representative sample of 
600 seeds drawn from this consignment." 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Approved Treatments for Triticum  
 
Fungicides 
One of the following treatments is required: 
i) Carboxin at 0.8 g a.i. per kg of seed and Thiram at 0.8 g a.i. per k.g of seed. 
ii) Flutriafol at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed  and Imazalil at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed. 
iii) Triadimenol at 0.23 g a.i. per kg of seed, Imazalil 0.075 g per kg of seed and 
Fuberidazole 0.15g a.i per kg of seed. 
iv) Tebuconazole at 0.025 g a.i. per kg of seed and Imazalil at 0.05 g a.i. per kg of seed. 
 
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these treatments 
and add them to this schedule. 
 
 
 
Pest List for Triticum  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Insect  
Insecta  
   Blattodea  
      Blattidae  
 Blatta orientalis  oriental cockroach 
   Coleoptera  
      Bostrichidae  
 Dinoderus distinctus bostrichid beetle 
 Prostephanus truncatus  larger grain borer 
      Bruchidae  
 Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil 
      Curculionidae  
 Caulophilus oryzae  broadnosed grain weevil 
      Dermestidae  
 Trogoderma glabrum  khapra beetle 
 Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle 
 Trogoderma grassmani  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma inclusum  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma ornatum  trogoderma beetle 
 Trogoderma simplex  dermestid beetle 
 Trogoderma sternale  dermestid beetle 
 Trogoderma variabile  warehouse beetle 
      Languriidae  
 Pharaxonotha kirschii  Mexican grain beetle 
      Tenebrionidae  
 Cynaeus angustus larger black flour beetle 
 Latheticus oryzae longheaded flour beetle 
 
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 Palorus ratzeburgi  smalleyed flour beetle 
 Palorus subdepressus depressed flour beetle 
 Tribolium audax  American black flour beetle 
 Tribolium freemani  flour beetle 
 Ulomoides dermestoides  darkling beetle 
   Diptera 
      Cecidomyiidae  
 Contarinia pisi  pea midge 
   Lepidoptera 
      Noctuidae  
 Faronta albilinea  wheat head armyworm 
      Pyralidae  
 Corcyra cephalonica  rice moth 
 Paralipsa gularis  stored nut moth 
      Tineidae  
 Cephitinea colonella  grain moth 
 Haplotinea insectella  casemaking moth 
   Psocoptera  
      Liposcelidae  
 Troctes minutus psocid 
 
Mite  
Arachnida  
   Acarina 
      Acaridae  
 Caloglyphus krameri  - 
 Michaelopus macfarlanei  - 
      Eriophyidae  
 Aceria tulipae  (vector) wheat curl mite 
 Aceria tosichella  wheat curl mite 
      Tarsonemidae  
 Tarsonemus granarius - 
      Tuckerellidae  
 Tuckerella ablutus - 
      unknown Acarina 
 Paratriophtydeus coineaurius  - 
 
Nematode  
Secernentea  
   Tylenchida  
      Anguinidae  
 Anguina tritici [vector] seed gall nematode 
 
Fungus  
Basidiomycota: Ustomycetes 
   Ustilaginales  
 
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      Tilletiaceae  
 Tilletia controversa  dwarf bunt 
 Tilletia indica  karnal bunt 
mitosporic fungi (Hyphomycetes)  
   Hyphomycetales  
      Dematiaceae  
 Alternaria triticina  - 
 Curvularia verruculosa  - 
      Moniliaceae  
 Cephalosporium gramineum stripe 
      Corynebacteriaceae  
 Rathayibacter tritici  yellow ear rot 
      Pseudomonadaceae  
 Xanthomonas campestris  pv. undulosa leaf streak 
 
Virus  
 High plains virus - 
 Indian peanut clump virus - 
 
 
  
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Ulmus 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Ulmus ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests:  Cherry leaf roll virus; Elm mottle virus 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declaration: 
 
"Cherry leaf roll virus and Elm mottle virus are not known to occur in _____ (the country or 
state where the seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The trees from which the seed was harves ted were officially inspected during the 
growing season and no Cherry leaf roll vi rus or Elm mottle virus was detected". 
 
 
 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Vaccinium 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only a pply to species in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vaccinium ” . 
 
 
1. Entry conditions for Vaccinium seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries  
 
(i) Pests of  Vaccinium  
Refer to “Pest List for Vaccinium ” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
All countries 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate: a completed phytosanitary certific ate issued by the NPPO of the 
exporting country must accompany all consignments of Vaccinium seeds for sowing imported 
into New Zealand.  
Import permit: an import permit must be obtained from the MAF prior to the Vaccinium seeds 
arriving at the New Zealand border. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is  issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be satisfied 
that the following activities requi red by MAF have been undertaken. 
The Vaccinium seeds for sowing have been 
 inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of the 
regulated pests. 
 
(v) Post-entry quarantine requirements  
All Vaccinium seeds must be imported under permit into  post-entry quarantine in a Level 3 
quarantine facility accredited to MAF standard PBC-NZ-TRA-PQCON: Specification for the 
Registration of a Plant Quarantine or  Containment Facility, and Operator .  The seed will be 
grown for a minimum period of 6 months and will be tested or inspected for regulated pests at 
the expense of the importer. 
 
 
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Vaccinium 
 
Pest List for Vaccinium 
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
Fungus 
Ascomycota  
   Diaporthales 
      Valsaceae 
 Diaporthe vaccinii (anamorph Phomopsis vaccinii ) twig blight 
   Dothideales  
      Botryosphaeriaceae  
 Botryosphaeria vaccinii (anamorph Phyllosticta elongata ) -- 
   Leotiales 
      Sclerotiniaceae 
 Monilinia fructigena (anamorph Monilia fructigena ) European brown rot 
 Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi brown rot 
Virus  
   family Bromoviridae  
      genus Ilarvirus 
 Blueberry shock virus  - 
   family Comoviridae  
      genus Nepovirus  
 Blueberry leaf mottle virus  - 
 Peach rosette mosaic virus  - 
 Tomato ringspot virus [strains not in New Zealand] - 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Vaccinium 
Inspection, testing and treatment requirements for Vaccinium 
 
ORGANISM TYPES MAF ACCEPTABLE 
METHODS  (See notes below) Comments 
Fungi   
Diaporthe vaccinii Growing season inspection in 
PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Botryosphaeria vaccinii Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Monilinia fructigena Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom expression.  
Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi Growing season inspection in PEQ for disease symptom 
expression.  
Virus   
Blueberry shock virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND 
herbaceous indicators Nb, Nc.  
Blueberry leaf mottle virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Peach rosette mosaic virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Ca, Cq.  
Tomato ringspot virus ELISA (Agdia) or PCR AND herbaceous indicators Cq, Nc.  
Notes: 
10. Indicator hosts: Chenopodium amaranticolor (Ca), C. quinoa (Cq), and Nicotiana 
benthamiana (Na),   N. clevelandi  (Nc). 
11. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 
12. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). 
13. With prior notification, MAF will accept other internationally recognised testing methods. 
14. For bioassay and ELISA, plants shall be samp led from at least two positions on every stem 
including a young, fully expanded leaflet at the t op of each stem and an older leaflet from a 
midway position. 
15. Indicator plants must be grow n under appropriate temperatures. 
16. Indicator plants must be shaded for 12-24 hrs prior to inoculation. 
17. Maintain post-inoculated indicator species und er appropriate glasshouse conditions for at 
least 4 weeks. 
18. Inspect plants at least once per week for signs of pest and disease. 
19. Inspect inoculated herbaceous in dicator plants at least twice pe r week for symptoms of virus 
infection. 
Vaccinium 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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20. PCR and ELISA need to be validated using positive controls/reference material prior to use 
in quarantine testing. 
21. At least two plants of each i ndicator species unless otherwis e stated must be used in 
mechanical inoculation tests. 
22. Positive and negative controls must be used in ELISA tests. 
23. Testing must be carried out on plants  while they are in active growth. 
Positive and negative controls (including a blank water control) must be used in PCR.  Ideally positive internal controls and a nega tive plant control should be used. Internal 
controls in PCR tests are important to  avoid the risk of false negatives. 
 
MAF Biosecurity New Zealand Import Health Standard  
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Vicia 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vicia ” . 
 
Entry conditions for Vicia seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Ba sic requirements set out in Section 2 of the 
standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Vicia  
Refer to “Pest List for Vicia ” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech  Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, 
Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Neth erlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United 
Kingdom and United States of America. 
 
(iii) Documentation  
A completed phytosanitary certificate issued by the NPPO of the  exporting country must 
accompany all Vicia seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. 
 
(iv) Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by MAF have been undertaken.  
The Vicia seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pe sts, the regulated insects on MAF’ s “Pest List for Vicia”  
and seeds of regulated weed species. 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated viruses (Artichoke yellow ringspot virus , Broad bean mottle virus, Broad bean 
stain  virus , Broad bean true mosaic virus , Clover yellow mosaic virus , Pea early-browning  
virus , Pea enation mosaic virus , Peanut stunt virus , Red clover vein mosaic virus ). 
 
 (v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by  providing the following additional 
declaration to the phytos anitary certificate:  
 
"The Vicia seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from ____   (name of the regulated viruses)  ____, and/or a “Pest 
free place of production” , free from ____ (name of the regulated viruses)  ____. 
 
 
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Pest List for Vicia  
 
REGULATED PESTS (actionable)  
 
Insect  
Insecta  
   Coleoptera  
      Bruchidae  
 Bruchidius incarnatus  seed beetle 
 Bruchidius quinqueguttatus  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchus atomarius  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchus dentipes  bruchid beetle 
 Bruchus pisorum  pea weevil 
 Bruchus rufimanus  broad bean weevil 
 Callosobruchus chinensis  oriental cowpea weevil 
 Callosobruchus maculatus cowpea weevil 
 Callosobruchus phaseoli  cowpea weevil 
      Dermestidae  
 Trogoderma granarium  khapra beetle 
      Tenebrionidae  
 Tribolium destructor  dark flour beetle 
   Diptera 
      Cecidomyiidae  
 Contarinia pisi  pea midge 
   Lepidoptera 
      Lycaenidae  
 Virachola livia  pomegranate butterfly 
 
Virus  
 Artichoke yellow ringspot virus - 
 Broad bean mottle virus - 
 Broad bean stain virus - 
 Broad bean true mosaic virus - 
 Clover yellow mosaic virus - 
 Pea early-browning virus - 
 Pea enation mosaic virus - 
 Peanut stunt virus - 
 Red clover vein mosaic virus - 
 
 
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Vicia 
Approved Treatments for Vicia 
 
Fungicides 
One of the following treatments is required:  
i) Metalaxyl-M at 0.35 g a.i pe r kg of seed, fludioxonil at 0.1 g a.i per kg of seed and 
cymoxanil 0.2 g a.i per kg of seed. 
ii) Fosetyl aluminium at 1.53 g a.i per kg of seed, thiram at 0.5 g a.i per kg of seed and 
thiabendazole at 0.37 g a.i per kg of seed. 
 
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these 
treatments and add them to this schedule. 
 
 
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Vigna 
 
Note:  These entry conditions only apply to speci es in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed 
under Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Vigna ” . 
 
 
GENERAL CONDITIONS:  
 
 
Countries:  All 
 
Quarantine Pests: Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. faccumfaciens; Xanthomonas 
campestris pv. vignicola; Earias vitella; Maruca testul alis; Trogoderma 
spp. 
 
Entry Conditions: Basic; PLUS 
 
 
Phytosanitary Certificate Additional Declarations: 
 
(a) " Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. faccumfaciens and Xanthomanas 
campestris pv. vignicola are not known to occur in _____ (the country or state where the 
seed was produced)  _____". 
 
OR 
 
"The seed is from a crop that has been inspected during the growing season 
according to appropriate procedures and no Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. 
faccumfaciens or Xanthomonas campestris pv. vignicola was detected". 
 
(b) For seed in pods: 
 
"The pods were inspected before export and no caterpillars of Earias vitella or 
Maruca testulalis were found in a 600 unit sample". 
 
 
 
 
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Zea 
Note: These entry conditions only apply to specie s in the Plants Biosecurity Index listed under 
Import Specifications for Seed as “see 155.02.05 under Zea” . 
 
Entry conditions for Zea seeds for sowing from approved exporting countries 
 
These requirements are in addition to the Ba sic requirements set out in Section 2 of the 
standard. 
 
(i) Pests of Zea  
Refer to “Pest List for Zea” . 
 
(ii) Approved exporting countries  
Australia, Austria, Canada, Chile, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Japan, the 
Netherlands, Norway, South Africa, Swede n, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and United 
States of America 
 
(iii) Documentation  
Phytosanitary certificate:  A completed phytosanita ry certificate issued by the NPPO of the  
exporting country must accompany all Zea seeds for sowing exported to New Zealand. 
Genetically modified se ed test certificate : MAF requires that all consignments of dent 
corn/field corn/maize ( Zea mays var. indentata ) and sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) 
that are imported into New Zealand are tested  for adventitious presence of unapproved GM 
seeds.  Note: For positive identification of imported c onsignments that do not require a GM 
seed test certificate, the full scientific name of the Zea species and variety (including variety or 
sub-species name) must be specified on the phytosanitary certificate, for e.g. Zea mays var. 
everta (pop corn). Importers of consignments of Zea mays that are not identified appropriately 
will be offered the options of testing for the presence of unapproved genetically modified (GM) seeds, re-shipment or destruction. 
 
(iv)  Phytosanitary requirements  
Before a phytosanitary certificate is issued, the NPPO of the exporting country must be 
satisfied that the following activities required by MAF have been undertaken.  
 
The Zea mays seeds for sowing have been: 
- inspected in accordance with appropriate offici al procedures and found to be free of any 
visually detectable regulated pests, including the regulated insects, mites and weed seeds 
on MAF’ s “Pest List for Zea mays” . 
AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  or “Pest free place of production” , free from the named 
regulated bacteria (Acidovorax avenae  subsp. a venae, Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. 
Nebraskensis, Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii ) and viruses ( High plains virus, Maize 
dwarf mosaic virus , Maize mottle chlorotic stunt virus ). 
OR 
-      a representative sample, officially drawn from this consignment according to ISTA or 
AOSA methodology, has been tested for the pr esence of the named regulated bacteria 
(Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae , Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis , 
Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii ) and viruses ( High plains virus , Maize dwarf mosaic 
virus , Maize chlorotic mottle virus). The testing and treatment requirements are specified 
following this section. 
 
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AND 
- sourced from a “Pest free area”  free from the named regulated fungi ( Botryosphaeria  zeae , 
Cochliobolus  pallescens , Cochliobolus tuberculatus, Claviceps  gigantea , Gloeocercospora 
sorghi, Ustilago  maydis , Peronosclerospora  heteropogoni , Peronosclerospora  maydis , 
Peronosclerospora  philippinensis , Peronosclerospora sacchari , Peronosclerospora  
sorghi , Phaeocytostroma  ambiguum , Sclerophthora  rayssiae var. zeae, Rhizopus  maydis , 
Stenocarpella  macrospora and Cephalosporium  maydis ). 
OR 
- treated with one of the fungicide  combinations described in MAF’ s “Approved Treatments 
for Zea mays” ;  
 
(v) Additional declarations to the phytosanitary certificate  
If satisfied that the pre-shipment activities ha ve been undertaken, the exporting country NPPO 
must confirm this by recording the treatments  applied in the “Disinfestation and/or 
Disinfection Treatment”  section (if applicable), and by  providing the following additional 
declarations to the phyto sanitary certificate:  
 
"The Zea mays seeds for sowing in this consignment have been: 
- sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the regulated bacteria and viruses)  _____, 
and/or a “Pest free place of production” , free from _____  (name of the regulated bacteria and viruses)  
_____ and/or _____  (name of the regulated bacteria and viruses)  _____ was not detected in a 
representative sample of seeds officially drawn from this consignment. 
AND 
- [If appropriate] sourced from a “Pest free area” , free from _____  (name of the regulated fungi)  
_____; 
 
(vi) Sampling and testing Zea mays seed consig nments for adventitious presence of 
unapproved genetically modified seeds  
 
MAF requires that all consignments of dent corn/field corn/maize ( Zea mays var. indentata) 
and sweet corn ( Zea mays var. saccharata) that are imported into New Zealand are 
representatively sampled, te sted, and found to be free of unapproved GM seeds.  Any 
consignment that is found to contain unapproved GM seeds will not be permitted to enter New 
Zealand and will be re-shipped or destroyed. Complete guidelines for sampling and testing for 
the presence of GM seeds are specified in the Protocol for Testing Seed Imports for the 
Presence of Genetically Modified Seed . The protocol includes three further modified options 
for importers of small volumes of se ed (defined as less than 5 kg for Zea mays) for cultivar 
trials and multiplication. 
 
Testing may be conducted by facilities approved by MAF under the requirements specified in 
the standard “ Approval of Facilities for Gene tically Modified Organism Testing” . A copy of 
the completed test certificate (from a MA F-approved facility) must accompany the 
consignment imported into New Zealand. MAF will examine the test cer tificate on arrival to 
confirm that they reconcile with the actual consignment. Importers must ensure that MAF has access to all pertinent testing records held by MAF-approved testing facilities for audit 
purposes.  
 
If consignments arrive at the New Zealand bord er without having been te sted for the presence 
of unapproved GM seeds, MAF will offer the impor ter the options of re-shipping or destroying 
the consignment, or having the consignment sa mpled and tested as above under the importer’ s 
 
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155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  153 
     
expense.  Only consignments found not to contain GM seeds will receive biosecurity 
clearance.  
The protocol and a list of MAF-approved facilities  for testing for the presence of GM material 
in Zea mays are located at the following address on the MAF website - 
http://www.biosecurity.govt.nz/regs/imports/plants/gmo   
 
Approved Testing and Treatment Requirements for Zea mays 
 
Testing  
 
Pantoea stewartii subsp. s tewartii 
A negative result from testing a representative sample of 400 seeds using the immunosorbent 
assay test described by Lamka et al.  (1991) may be used to show that the consignment is free 
of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii . 
 
Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis 
A negative result from testing a representative sample of 400 seeds using the sCNS Culture 
Plate Method (Shepherd, 1999; www.seedhealth.org  ) may be used to show that the 
consignment is free of Clavibacter michiganensis  subsp. nebraskensis. 
 
Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae  
A negative result from testing a representativ e sample of 400 seeds using the methodology of 
Dange et al.  (1978) may be used to show that the consignment is free of Acidovorax avenae 
subsp. avenae. 
 
High plains virus and Maize dwarf mosaic virus 
A negative result from testing a representativ e sample of seeds using greenhouse grow-out 
tests and ELISA testing as described by Forster et al.  (2001) and Crop Plant Compendium 
2003 may be used to show that the consignment is free of High plains virus and Maize dwarf 
mosaic virus . 
 
Maize chlorotic mottle virus 
Due to the low levels of seed transmission MAF will consider testing based upon request and 
will calculate the sample size required based upon the size of the consignment and at 95% confidence levels. 
 
N.B – MAF will consider equivalent testi ng methods to the above upon request. 
 
Treatments  
 
Fungicides 
The active ingredients in one of the following treatments are required: 
(i)  Carboxin at 0.8 g a.i. per kg seed  & thiram at 0.8 g a.i. per kg seed. 
(ii)  Carboxin at 0.8 g a. i. per kg seed & captan at 0.7 g a.i. per kg seed. 
(iii) Fludioxonil at 0.025 g a.i.per kg seed & metalaxyl at 0.03 g a.i. per kg seed. 
(iv)  Imazalil at 80 mg a.i. per kg seed & triadimenol at 220 mg a.i. per kg seed. 
(v)  Imazalil at 80 mg a.i. per kg seed & flutriafol at 80 mg a.i. per kg seed. 
(vi) Difenoconazole at 0.12 g a.i per kg seed  & mefenoxam at 0.01g a.i per kg seed. 
(vii) Fludioxonil at 0.025 g a.i .per kg seed & mefenoxam at 0.01 g a.i. per kg seed. 
 
 
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155.02.05: Importation of Seed for Sowing XX 2011 Page  154 
     
As required, MAF may evaluate other treatments and if effective, will approve these 
treatments and add them to this schedule. 
 
Note.   Where the treatment can not be applied o ffshore, the seed consignment may be treated 
on arrival at a registered transitional facility  (New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and 
Forestry Standard for General Transitional Facilities for Uncleared Goods ). 
 
References 
Dange SRS, Payak MM, Renfro BL, 1978. Seed transmission of Pseudomonas rubrilineans, 
the incitant of bacterial leaf stripe of maize. Indian Phytopathology, 31(4):523-524. 
 
Forster RL, Seifers DL, Strausbaugh CA, Jensen SG, Ball EM, Harvey TL, 2001. Seed 
transmission of the High Plains virus  in sweet corn. Plant Disease , 85(7):696-699 
 
Lamka, G L; Hill, J H; McGee, D C; and Braun, E J. 1991: Development of an immunosorbent assay for seedborne Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii in corn seeds. 
Phytopathology 81:839-846 
 
Shepherd, L.M. 1999:  Detection and transmission of Clavibacter  michiganensis  subsp. 
nebraskensis  of corn. Ms Thesis, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 
 
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Pest List for Zea (Seed for Sowing) 
  
Scientific name Organis
m type Common 
name Quarantine 
status Measures 
to prevent 
entry Actions 
on 
intercept
ion 
Acidovorax avenae 
subsp. avenae bacteriu
m bacterial blight Regulated 6 or 7 or 8 3 
Clavibacter 
michiganensis subsp. 
nebraskensis Bacteriu
m Goss' bacterial wilt Regulated 6 or 7 or 8 3 
Pantoea stewartii Bacterium Stewart's bacterial wilt Regulated  6 or 7 or 8 3 
Botryosphaeria zeae  Fungus grey ear rot Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Cephalosporium maydis Fungus - Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Claviceps gigantea Fungus ergot Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Cochliobolus pallescens  Fungus maize leaf spot Regulated  5 or 7 3 
Cochliobolus tuberculatus  Fungus leaf spot Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Gloeocercospora sorghi Fungus zonate leaf 
spot Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Peronosclerospora heteropogoni Fungus - Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Peronosclerospora maydis Fungus Java downy 
mildew Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Peronosclerospora philippinensis Fungus Philippine 
downy mildew Regulated  5 or 7 3 
Peronosclerospora sacchari Fungus - Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Peronosclerospora sorghi Fungus sorghum 
downy mildew Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Phaeocytostroma ambiguum Fungus - Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Rhizopus maydis Fungus rhizopus seed 
rot Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Sclerophthora 
rayssiae  var. zeae Fungus - Regulated  5 or 7 3 
Stenocarpella 
macrospora Fungus dry rot Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Ustilago maydis Fungus boil smut Regulated 5 or 7 3 
Alphitobius laevigatus Insect black fungus 
beetle Regulated 2 3 
Attagenus unicolor Insect black carpet 
beetle Regulated  2 3 
Carpophilus freemani Insect dried fruit 
beetle Regulated 2 3 
 
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Carpophilus lugubris Insect dusky sap 
beetle Regulated 2 3 
Cathartus 
quadricollis Insect squarenecked 
grain beetle Regulated 2 3 
Caulophilus oryzae Insect broadnosed 
grain weevil Regulated  2 3 
Corcyra cephalonica Insect rice moth Regulated 2 3 
Cryptophlebia leucotreta Insect false codling 
moth Regulated 2 3 
Cynaeus angustus Insect larger black 
flour beetle Regulated 2 3 
Dinoderus distinctus Insect bostrichid 
beetle Regulated  2 3 
Dinoderus minutus Insect bamboo 
powderpost beetle Regulated 2 3 
Doloessa viridis Insect - Regulated 2 3 
Euxesta stigmatias Insect - Regulated 2 3 
Gibbium psylloides Insect shiny spider 
beetle Regulated  2 3 
Glischrochilus quadrisignatus Insect four-spotted 
sap beetle Regulated 2 3 
Gnatocerus maxillosus insect slenderhorned 
flour beetle Regulated 2 3 
Latheticus oryzae Insect longheaded 
flour beetle Regulated 2 3 
Lepinotus reticulatus Insect booklouse Regulated  2 3 
Leptoglossus zonatus Insect coreid bug Regulated 2 3 
Liposcelis bostrychophilus Insect booklouse Regulated 2 3 
Liposcelis entomophilus Insect grain psocid Regulated 2 3 
Liposcelis paetus Insect booklouse Regulated  2 3 
Mussidia nigrivenella Insect pyralid moth Regulated 2 3 
Pagiocerus frontalis Insect bark borer Regulated 2 3 
Palorus ratzeburgi Insect smalleyed 
flour beetle Regulated 2 3 
Palorus subdepressus Insect depressed flour 
beetle Regulated  2 3 
Paralipsa gularis Insect stored nut 
moth Regulated 2 3 
Pharaxonotha kirschiI Insect Mexican grain 
beetle Regulated 2 3 
Prostephanus truncatus Insect larger grain 
borer Regulated 2 3 
Pyroderces rileyi Insect pink scavenger 
caterpillar Regulated  2 3 
Sesamia calamistis Insect pink stalk 
borer Regulated 2 3 
 
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Sesamia nonagrioides Insect pink borer Regulated 2 3 
Teretriosoma 
nigrescens Insect - Regulated 2 3 
Tribolium freemani Insect flour beetle Regulated  2 3 
Trogoderma glabrum Insect khapra beetle Regulated 2 3 
Trogoderma granarium Insect khapra beetle Regulated 2 3 
Trogoderma inclusum Insect trogoderma 
beetle Regulated 2 3 
Trogoderma variabile Insect warehouse 
beetle Regulated  2 3 
Acaropsellina sollers Mite - Regulated 2 3 
High plains virus Virus - Regulated 6 or 7 or 8 3 
Maize chlorotic mottle virus Virus - Regulated 6 or 7 or 8 3 
Maize dwarf mosaic virus Virus MDMV Regulated  6 or 7 or 8 3 
Striga asiatica Weed witch-weed Regulated 2 3 
Striga hermonthica Weed witch-weed Regulated 2 3 
 
 
Measures to prevent entry and establishment 
1. No measures.  
2. Seed and associated packaging inspected and found to be free from visually detectable 
regulated pests.  
3. Consignments are free from extraneous materi al, e.g., soil, plant residue that may carry 
regulated pests.   
4. Undergone effective pre-export tr eatment for regulated pests.  
5. Undergone specified pre-export tr eatment for regulated pests.  
6. Undergone specified pre-export te sting for regulated pests.  
7. Sourced from a pest free area.  
8. Sourced from a pest free place of production. 
 
 
Actions on interception 
1  No action. 
2  Removal of extraneous material, e.g., soil, plant residue that may carry regulated pests. 
3 Treat (if appropriate),  reship or destroy. 
4 Reship or destroy and suspend pathway. 
5 No action if pest not viable. 
 
 
 
 
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