Proposals to Amend the New Zealand 
(Maximum Residue Limits of Agricultural 
Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
 
NZFSA Public Discussion Paper 01/09 
December 2009 
 
Online 
ISBN number 978-0-478-32207-1 
ISSN number 1177-7478Print 
ISBN number 978-0-478-32206-4 
ISSN number 1174-961X Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
 
  
I
MPORTANT DISCLAIMER  
 
Every effort has been made to ensure the information in this report is accurate. 
 
NZFSA does not accept any responsibility or liabilit y whatsoever for any error of fact, omission, 
interpretation or opinion that may be present, however it may have occurred. 
 
Further copies 
 
Requests for further copies should be directed to:   
 
New Zealand Food Safety Authority 
P O Box 2835 
WELLINGTON 
Telephone: (04) 894-2500 
Fax: (04) 894-2583 
 
 
Website 
 
A copy of this document can be found at: http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/policy-law/consultation/index.htm  
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
2Submissions  
NZFSA seeks submissions from all interested parties on any aspect of the document.  The 
following points may be of assistance in preparing comments: 
• Wherever possible, comment should be specific to a particular section in the document.  All 
major sections are numbered and these numbers should be used to link comments to the document. 
• Omissions should be clearly and separately indicated. 
• Comments should be to the point and, wher e possible, reasons and data to support 
comment are requested. 
• The use of examples to illustrate  particular points is encouraged. 
• As a number of copies may be made of your  comments, please use good quality type, pr 
make sure the comments are clearly hand-written in black or blue ink. 
Please include the following information in your submission: 
• The title of the discussion document; 
• Your name and title (if applicable); 
• Your organisation’s name (if applicable); 
• Your address; 
• The number(s) of the sections you are commenting on. 
Please submit your response by 5:00pm on Friday 22 February 2010 to: 
MRL Amendments, Policy Group, New Zealand Food Safety Authority 
PO Box 2835, Wellington, fax: (04) 894 2583, or email: policy@nzfsa.govt.nz
 
The Official Information Act 1982 (the OIA) states  that information is to be made available 
unless there are grounds for withholding it.  The grounds for withholding information are outlined 
in the OIA.  Submitters may wish to indicate any grounds for withholding information contained 
in their submission.  Reasons for withholding in formation could include that information is 
commercially sensitive or that the submitters wish personal information such as names or 
contact details to be withheld.  NZFSA will take such indications into account when determining 
whether or not to release information.  Any dec ision to withhold information requested under the 
OIA may be reviewed by the Ombudsman. 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
3Table of Contents 
Table of Co ntents.................................................................................................... 3  
Introducti on............................................................................................................. 4  
Backgrou nd............................................................................................................. 4  
Summary of Proposed  Amendment...................................................................... 6  
Next Steps ............................................................................................................... 7  
1 Proposal to set MRLs  for Aviglycine.......................................................... 8  
2 Proposal to set MRLs fo r Chlorantraniliprole.......................................... 11  
3 Proposal to set MRLs  for Cyproconazole ................................................ 14  
4 Proposal to set MRLs for Difluf enican ..................................................... 17  
5 Proposal to set an MRL f or Fenoxaprop- P-ethyl..................................... 20  
6 Proposal to set MRLs  for Flufenacet........................................................ 22  
7 Proposal to set MRLs  for Isop yrazam ...................................................... 25  
8 Proposal to set MRLs  for Metrafenone .................................................... 27  
9 Proposal to set an MRL for Spirotet ramat ............................................... 30  
10 Proposal to set an MR L for Tepralo xydim ............................................... 32  
11 Proposal to set an MRL for Thi acloprid ................................................... 35  
12 Proposal to delete MRLs  for Cyperm ethrin ............................................. 38  
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
4Introduction 
The New Zealand Food Safety Authority (NZFSA)  invites public comment on this discussion 
document which outlines proposals to amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Limits of 
Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009.  
Maximum residue limits (MRLs) are the maximum legal limits for residues of agricultural 
compounds and veterinary medicines in food for sale in New Zealand.   
MRLs are primarily a tool for monitoring the use of agricultural compounds in accordance with 
good agricultural practice (GAP).  GAP is not exp licitly defined or regulated, but is the generally 
accepted means for producing safe primary produc e in a particular location while taking account 
of climate, pests or diseases an d other environmental factors.   
MRLs are used to minimise risks to public health by ensuring that chemical residues in food are 
as low as practicable, without compromising the ability of the chem ical to successfully do what 
is intended.  
Background 
MRLs are set out in the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Limits of Agricultural Compounds) 
Food Standards. The Standards are amended a number of times each year to reflect changes 
in the use of agricultural compounds in the production of food.  The current MRL Food 
Standards 2009 are on the NZFSA website at: http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/policy-
law/legislation/food-standards/index.htm  
NZFSA administers the MRL Standards, but the final decision on any changes to the Standards 
rests with the Minister for Food Safety.  Under section 11E of the Food Act, when amending or 
issuing the MRL Standards, the Minister must take into account the following: 
• the need to protect public health 
• the desirability of avoiding unnecessary restrictions on trade 
• the desirability of maintaining consistency between New Zealand's food standards and 
those applying internationally 
• New Zealand's obligations under any relevant international treaty, agreement, convention, 
or protocol, and, in particular, under the Australia-New Zealand Joint Food Standards 
Agreement 
• such other matters as the Mi nister considers appropriate.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
5The proposed MRLs have been thoroughly assess ed in accordance with international 
methodologies such as those utilised by the ex pert committees advising the Codex Alimentarius 
Commission (Codex).  Information on the technical assessment of each proposal is included in 
this document and covers the following:  
• rationale 
• chemical information 
• good agricultural practice (GAP) 
• residues information 
• dietary risk assessment 
• toxicological / public health assessment 
• international MRLs. 
Possible implications for public health are considered during the toxicological and dietary risk 
assessments, by comparing the estimated dietary in take with a Potential Daily Exposure (food) 
(PDE food) or where there is no PDE food, by comparing it with the Acce ptable Daily Intake (ADI).  
PDE food and ADI are described below.   
A PDE food or Potential Daily Exposure (food), is a va lue determined by a toxicological evaluation 
by Environmental Risk Management Authority New Zealand (ERMA NZ) as part of its 
responsibilities under the Hazardous Substances and Ne w Organisms Act (the HSNO Act), 
which has some responsibility for managing public health.1  A PDE food gives the potential daily 
exposure a person may be subject to from a substance, via food.  NZFSA uses a PDE food, rather 
than the internationally-determined ADI, where a PDE food is available, due to the HSNO Act in 
New Zealand.  The ADI and PDE food are largely equivalent, as they are determined using the 
same set of toxicology data and in a very similar scientific process. 
An ADI or Acceptable Daily Inta ke is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as: “The 
daily intake which, during an entire lifetime, appea rs to be without appreciable risk on the basis 
of all the known facts at the time”.  “Without  appreciable risk” has been further defined as: “the 
practical certainty that injury  will not result even after a lif etime of exposure”.  ADIs are 
established by the WHO and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) 
joint expert committees, made up of toxicologists and residue specialists.  The ADI information 
from these joint committees also feeds into t he Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex), which 
sets international MRLs.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
6NZFSA has reviewed the estimated dietary expos ure assessments for the applications of these 
proposals and has determined that the residues as sociated with the proposed MRLs do not present 
any public health and safety concerns. 
Summary of Proposed Amendment 
New MRLs 
NZFSA proposes to add the following new MRLs to the Standards:  
• 0.1mg/kg for aviglycine in pome frui ts and stonefruits (except cherries) 
• 7mg/kg for chloranatraniliprole in leafy vegetables 
• 0.01mg/kg* for chloranatraniliprole in potatoes 
• 0.01mg/kg* for cyproconazole in bulb onions, garlic and peas 
• 0.01mg/kg* for diflufenican in barley and wheat 
• 0.01mg/kg* for fenoxaprop-P-ethyl in barley  
• 0.05mg/kg* for flufenacet in barley and wheat 
• 0.5mg/kg for isopyrazam in barley 
• 0.2mg/kg for isopyrazam in wheat 
• 0.01mg/kg* for metrafenone in pumpkins and winter squash; 
• 0.5mg/kg for spirot eramat in potatoes 
• 0.1mg/kg* for tepraloxydim in onions 
• 0.3mg/kg for thiacloprid in pome fruits 
MRL Deletions 
NZFSA proposes to delete the following MRLs from the Standards 
• MRLs for cypermethrin in kiwifruit and pome fruits 
                                                                                                                                                            
 
1The purpose of the HSNO Act 1996 is “to protect the environment, and the health and safety of people and communities, by 
preventing or managing the adver se effects of hazardous subs tances and new organisms”.    Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
7Next Steps 
Following the closing date for submissions (5:00pm on Friday 22 February 2010), all 
submissions will be considered and analysed before a recommendation is made to the Minister 
for Food Safety, the Hon Kate Wilkinson, who makes the final decision on issuing any 
amendments to the Food Standards.   
If an amendment is agreed upon, it will be signed by the Minister for Food Safety and will come 
into force 28 days after being published in the New Zealand Gazette.  
   
 
      
 
      
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
81 Proposal to set MRLs for Aviglycine  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for aviglycine when used as a plant growth regulator for pome fruit 
and stone fruit. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be amended 
to include the following, this will be the resulting ent ry for aviglycine in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) 
Food Standards 2009: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Aviglycine 49669-74-1 Aviglycine Pome fruits 
Stone fruits (except cherries) 0.1 
0.1 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent a reas sessment of the residue data he ld for the active ingredient 
aviglycine. MRLs of 0.1mg/kg are deemed appropriate  to manage the uses of aviglycine as a plant 
growth regulator on pome fruits and stone fruits, to  the application rates and withholding periods that 
are currently approved good agricultural practice in New Zealand. 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Aviglycine (AVG) 
Use of compound Plant growth regulator 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 49669-74-1 
Type of compound Ethylene inhibitor 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) 
Aviglycine is approved as a plant growth regulator on  pome fruits and stone fruits, with the exception 
of cherries.  Application is made less than 28 days prior to harvest at a rate of 124.5gai/ha, with a 
withholding period of 7 days.    
Residues Information  
Reassessment of the residue data for pome fruits and stone fruits support MRLs of 0.1mg/kg for 
aviglycine when the treatment is made earlier than 7 days before harvest.  MRLs of 0.1mg/kg are 
therefore proposed to support GAP. No MRLs are pr oposed for cherries as there is no GAP for this 
crop specified in New Zealand. 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
9Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake 0.006mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (classes 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to aviglycine is es timated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered uses of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for aviglycine is equivalent to 1.35% of the ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of aviglycine as a plant growth regulator on pome fruits and stone 
fruits according to the good agricultural practice sp ecified above, is very unlikely to pose any health 
risks from consumption of treated produce.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Australia   
Aminoethoxyvinylglycine  Apple 
Stone fruit [except cherries] 0.1 
0.2 
USA   
Aminoethoxyvinylglycine 
hydrochloride (Aviglycine HCl) Apple 
Fruit, stone, group 12, except cherry 
Pear 0.08 
 0.17 
0.08 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
10To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRLs represents a barrier to their trade. 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
112 Proposal to set MRLs for Chlorantraniliprole  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for chlorantrani liprole when used as an insecticide on leafy 
vegetables and potatoes. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be 
amended to include the following: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum 
Residue Limit (mg/kg) 
Chlorantraniliprole 500008-45-7 Chlorantraniliprole Leafy vegetables 
Potatoes 7 
0.01(*) 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
The final entry for chlorantraniliprole in Schedul e One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 will 
therefore read: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Chlorantraniliprole 500008-45-7 Chlorantraniliprole Brassica 
vegetables Leafy vegetables 
Pome fruits 
Potatoes 0.3 
 7 
0.3 
0.01(*) 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent new use patterns in New Zealand for the active ingredient 
chlorantraniliprole. Th e proposed MRL will manage the new uses of chlorantraniliprole as an 
insecticide for control of caterpillars, to the applicat ion rates and withholding periods that are proposed 
good agricultural practice in New Zealand. 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound  Chlorantraniliprole 
Use of compound  Insecticide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number  500008-45-7 
Type of compound  Diamide 
Administration method  Spray 
 
 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
12Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) 
Chlorantraniliprole is proposed for use as an insectic ide for control of caterpillars on leafy vegetables.  
Application is made up to 3 times a season with an in terval of 7 days between sprays, at a rate of 
20gai/ha, with a withholding period of 3 days.   
Chlorantraniliprole is also proposed for use as an insecticide for control of  caterpillars on potatoes.  
Application is made upto 3 times a season with an inte rval of 7-14 days between sprays, at a rate of 
20gai/ha, with a withholding period of 0 days.   
Residues Information  
Residue data for leafy vegetables supports an MRL of  7mg/kg for chlorantraniliprole when the last 
treatment is made 3 days before harvest.  An MRL of 7mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP.  
Residue data for potatoes supports a limit of quantif ication MRL of 0.01mg/kg for chlorantraniliprole 
when the last treatment is made 0 days before harves t.  An MRL of 0.01mg/kg* is therefore proposed 
to support GAP.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) 1.58mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to ch lorantraniliprole is estimated by  the National Estimated Dietary 
Intake (NEDI) calculation encompassing all regi stered uses of the chemical and food consumption 
data based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Su rvey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition 
Survey of Australia, for children. The NEDI  calculation is made in accordance with Guidelines for 
predicting dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for chlorantraniliprole is equivalent to le ss than 1% of the ADI. It is therefore concluded that 
the chronic dietary exposure is sm all and the risk is acceptable. 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
13Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of chlorantranilip role as an insecticide for leafy vegetables, 
according to the good agricultural practice specifi ed above, is very unlikely to pose any health risks 
from consumption of treated produce.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Australia   
Chlorantraniliprole Leafy vegetables (except 
lettuce, head and rucola) Lettuce, head 
Potatoes  
15 3 
0.01* 
EU   
Chlorantraniliprole  Lettuce and other salad 
plants including Brassicacea Spinach & similar (leaves) 
Potatoes  
10 20 
0.01* 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”. 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRLs represents a barrier to their trade. 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
143 Proposal to set MRLs for Cyproconazole  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for cyproconazole when used as a fungicide for garlic, bulb onions 
and peas. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be amended to 
include the following, this will be the resulting entry for cyproconazole in Sche dule One of the NZ 
(MRL) Food Standards 2009: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Cyproconazole 94361-06-5 Cyproconazole, sum 
of isomers Bulb onions 
Garlic Peas 0.01(*) 
0.01(*) 0.01(*) 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent a r eassessment of the residue data held for the active ingredient 
cyproconazole. MRLs of 0.01mg/kg are deemed appropr iate to manage the uses of cyproconazole as 
a fungicide for garlic, bulb onions and peas, to the ap plication rates and withholding periods that are 
currently approved good agricultural practice in New Zealand 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Cyproconazole 
Use of compound Fungicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 94361-06-5 
Type of compound DMI fungicide 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) 
Cyproconazole is approved as a fungicide on peas.  Ap plication is as a protective spray made up to a 
maximum of two times a season at a rate of 25gai/ ha, with a withholding period of 14 days.    
Cyproconazole is approved as a fungicide on onions and garlic.  Application is up to four times over 
the growing season from 6 weeks of planting, at a ra te of 150gai/ha, with a withholding period of 21 
days.    
Residues Information  
Reassessment of the residue data for garlic, bulb oni ons and peas support a limit of quantification 
MRLs of 0.01mg/kg for cyproconazole when the tr eatment is made earlier than 14 days before harvest  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
15for peas and 21 days before harvest for garlic and bulb  onions.  MRLs of 0. 01mg/kg are therefore 
proposed to support GAP.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake 0.004mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to cypr oconazole is estimated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for cyproconazole is equivalent to 12% of  the ADI. It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of cyproconazole as a fungicide for garlic, bulb onions and peas. 
according to the good agricultural practice specifi ed above, is very unlikely to pose any health risks 
from consumption of treated produce.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
EU   
Cyproconazole Garlic 
Onions (silverskin onions) Peas (without pods) 0.05* 
0.05* 0.05* 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
16To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRLs represents a barrier to their trade. 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
174 Proposal to set MRLs for Diflufenican  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for diflufenican when used as a herbicide for control of broad-leaf and 
grass weeds around barley and wheat. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2009 be amended to include the following, this  will be the resulting entry for diflufenican in 
Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Diflufenican  83164-33-4 Diflufenican Barley  
Wheat 0.01(*) 
0.01(*) 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent a new use pattern in Ne w Zealand for the active ingredient diflufenican. 
The proposed MRLs will manage the new use of difl ufenican as a herbicide on barley and wheat, to 
the application rates and withholding periods that ar e approved good agricultural practice in New 
Zealand 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Diflufenican 
Use of compound Herbicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 83164-33-4 
Type of compound Anilide 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Diflufenican is proposed for use as a herbicide for barley and wheat.  Application is once in the season 
prior to growth stage 21(single tiller) at a rate of 60gai/ha.   
Residues Information  
Residue data for barley and wheat supports limit of quantification MRLs of 0.01mg/kg for diflufenican 
when the last treatment is made prior to growth st age 21.  An MRL of 0.01mg/kg is therefore proposed 
to support GAP.  
   Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
18Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake 0.2mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to diflufenican is esti mated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adu lts and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for diflufenican is equivalent to less than 0. 1% of the ADI. It is ther efore concluded that the 
chronic dietary exposure is sma ll and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of diflufenican as a herbicide on barley and wheat according to 
the good agricultural practice specified above, is  very unlikely to pose any health risks from 
consumption of treated produce.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Australia   
Diflufenican  Barley 
Wheat 0.05 
0.02 
EU   
Diflufenican Cereals 0.05* 
 
Under Provision (3)(b)of the NZ (MRL) Food Standard s 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”. 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
19To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRLs represents a barrier to their trade. 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
205 Proposal to set an MRL for Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl  
It is proposed that an MRL is set for fenoxaprop-p-e thyl when used as a herbicide on barley. It is 
proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be amended to include the 
following :  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 71283-80-2 Sum of: 
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (all isomers), 2- 
(4-(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyloxy)- 
phenoxy)-propionic 
acid and 6- chloro-2,3-dihydro-
benzoxazol-2- 
one 
Expressed as: 
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl Barley 0.01(*) 
 
The final entry for fenoxaprop-p-ethyl in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 will 
therefore read: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 71283-80-
2 Sum of: 
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl (all isomers), 2- 
(4-(6-chloro-2-
benzoxazolyloxy)- 
phenoxy)-propionic acid and 6- 
chloro-2,3-dihydro-
benzoxazol-2- one Expressed as: 
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl Barley 
Cattle fat 
Cattle meat 
Edible offal of 
cattle 
Edible offal of goat 
Edible offal of 
sheep Goat fat 
Goat meat 
Sheep fat Sheep meat 
Wheat 0.01(*) 
0.02(*) 
0.02(*) 
 
0.05 
 0.05 
 
0.05 0.02(*) 
0.02(*) 
0.02(*) 0.02(*) 
0.02(*) 
 
Amendment Rationale  
The proposed MRL represents a new us e for the herbicide fenoxaprop-p-ethyl to control wild oats and 
canary grass in barley. The proposed MRL will manage the use of fenxoaprop-P-ethyl to good 
agricultural practice   Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
21Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 
Use of compound Herbicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 71283-80-2 
Type of compound Aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid 
Administration method Broadcast spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl is proposed for use as a herbicid e for control of wild oats and canary grass in 
barley as a single application post emergence of 51.75gai/ha made 70 days before harvest.   
Residues Information 
Residue data for barley supports a limit of quantific ation MRL of 0.01mg/kg at harvest following 
application of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 70 days before harv est. An MRL of 0.01mg/kg is therefore proposed 
to support GAP. 
Dietary Risk Assessment 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food))is used for dietary intake calculation where a value has 
been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily inta ke (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The chronic dietary exposure to f enoxaprop-p-ethyl is estimated by the National Estimated Dietary 
Intake (NEDI) calculation encompassing all regi stered uses of the chemical and food consumption 
data based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Su rvey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition 
Survey of Australia, for children. The NEDI  calculation is made in accordance with Guidelines for 
predicting dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for fenoxaprop-P-ethyl is equivalent to 7%  of the ADI. It is therefore concluded that the 
chronic dietary exposure is sma ll and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of fenoxaprop-P-eth yl as a herbicide for the control of wild oats 
and canary grass in barley in accor dance with the specified good agricultural practice, is very unlikely 
to pose any health risks from consumption of the harvested commodity.   
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRLs represents a barrier to their trade. Acceptable Daily Intake 0.0014mg/kg bw/day  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
226 Proposal to set MRLs for Flufenacet  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for flufenacet when  used as a herbicide for the control of broad-leaf 
and grass weeds around barley and wheat. It is propos ed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2009 be amended to include the following, th is will be the resulting entry for flufenacet in 
Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Flufenacet 142459-58-3 Sum of:  
Flufenacet, 
flufenacet sulfonic 
acid, flufenacet 
thioglycolate sulfoxide and 
flufenact oxalate 
Expressed as: 
Flufenacet Barley  
Wheat 0.05(*) 
0.05(*) 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent a new registration in  New Zealand for the active ingredient flufenacet. 
The proposed MRLs will manage the new use of flufena cet as a herbicide for the control of broad-leaf 
and grass weeds around barley and wheat, to the applic ation rates and withholding periods that are 
approved good agricultural practice in New Zealand. 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Flufenacet 
Use of compound Herbicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 142459-58-3 
Type of compound Oxyacetamide 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Flufenacet is proposed for use as a herbicide for barley and wheat.  Application is once in the season 
prior to growth stage 21(single tiller) at a rate of 120gai/ha.   
 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
23Residues Information  
Residue data for barley and wheat supports limit of quantification MRLs of 0.05mg/kg for flufenacet 
when the last treatment is made prior to growth st age 21.  MRLs of 0.05mg/kg are therefore proposed 
to support GAP.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) 0.008mg/kg bw/day 
Acute Reference Dose (ARfD) 0.017mg/kg bw 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to flufenacet is esti mated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for flufenacet is equi valent to 1.5% of the PDE (food). It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
The ARfD is a value set by the Environmental Ri sk Management Authority (ERMA) which represents 
the health standard for short term intake of a su bstance relevant to the New Zealand population. 
The acute dietary exposure to flufenacet is estimate d by the National Estimated Short Term Intake 
(NESTI) calculation encompassing 97.5th percentile high consumers of an individual commodity, 
containing the highest residue, based upon the 19 97 National Nutritional Survey for adults. 
The NESTI for flufenacet for either wheat or barley is  equivalent to less t han 2% of the ARfD. It is 
therefore concluded that the acut e dietary exposure is acceptable. 
 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
24Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of flufenacet when  used as a herbicide for the control of broad-
leaf and grass weeds around barley and wheat accord ing to the good agricultural practice specified 
above, is very unlikely to pose any health ri sks from consumption of treated produce.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
EU   
Flufenacet Cereals 0.05* 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”.  
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRLs will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRLs represents a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
257 Proposal to set MRLs for Isopyrazam  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for isopyrazam wh en used as a fungicide on barley and wheat. It is 
proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be amended to include the 
following, this will be the resulting entry for is opyrazam in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food 
Standards 2009: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Isopyrazam 881685-58-1 Isopyrazam (sum of 
isomers) Barley  
Wheat 0.5 
0.2 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent a new registration in New Zealand for the active ingredient isopyrazam. 
The proposed MRLs will manage the use of isopyrazam when used as a fungicide on barley and 
wheat, to the application rates and withholding periods that are approved good agricultural practice in 
New Zealand. 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Isopyrazam 
Use of compound Fungicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 881685-58-1 
Type of compound Carboxamide 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Isopyrazam is proposed for use as a fungicide for barl ey.  Application is twice in the season prior to 
growth stage 59(ear emergence) at a rate of 75gai/ ha. The proposed withholding period for grain is 42 
days.  
Isopyrazam is proposed for use as a fungicide for whea t.  Application is twice in the season prior to 
growth stage 69(end of flowering) at a rate of 75-125gai/ha. The proposed withholding period is 42 
days.  
Residues Information  
Residue data for barley supports an MRL of 0.5mg/kg for isopyrazam when the last treatment is made 
42 days before harvest. An MRL of 0.5mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP.   Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
26Residue data for wheat supports an MRL of 0.2mg/kg for isopyrazam when the last treatment is made 
42 days before harvest. An MRL of 0.2mg/kg is therefore proposed to support GAP.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) 0.0385mg/kg bw/day (provisional) 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to isopyrazam is estimated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for isopyrazam is equivalent to 1% of the PDE (food). It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is small and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of isopyraza m when used as a fungicide on barley and wheat 
according to the good agricultural practice specified above, is very unlikely to pose any health risks 
from consumption of treated produce.   
Other International MRLs 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”. 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRL will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
278 Proposal to set MRLs for Metrafenone  
It is proposed that MRLs are set for metrafenone when  used as a fungicide for pumpkins and winter 
squash. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be amended to 
include the following, this will be t he resulting entry for Me trafenone in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) 
Food Standards 2009: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Metrafenone 220899-03-6 Metrafenone Pumpkins 
Winter Squash 0.01* 
0.01* 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRLs represent a new registration  in New Zealand for the active ingredient 
metrafenone. The proposed MRLs will manage the new uses of metrafenone as a fungicide on 
pumpkins and winter squash, to the application rate s and withholding periods that are approved good 
agricultural practice in New Zealand. 
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Metrafenone 
Use of compound Fungicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 220899-03-6 
Type of compound Benzophenone 
Administration method Spray 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Metrafenone is proposed for use as a fungicide for pu mpkins and winter squash.  Application is twice 
throughout crop growth in rotation with other protec tive fungicides at a rate of 150gai/ha, with a 
withholding period of 14 days.   
Residues Information  
Residue data for pumpkins and winter squash supports  a limit of quantification MRL of 0.01mg/kg for 
metrafenone when the last treatment is made 14 da ys before harvest.  An MRL of 0.01mg/kg is 
therefore proposed to support GAP.  
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
28Dietary Risk Assessment 
Potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) 0.18mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to metrafenone is esti mated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for metrafenone is equivalent to 0.002% of the PDE (food). It is therefore concluded that the 
chronic dietary exposure is sma ll and the risk is acceptable. 
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of metrafenone as a fungicide for use on pumpkins and winter 
squash according to the good agricultural practice sp ecified above, is very unlikely to pose any health 
risks from consumption of treated produce.   
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
EU   
Metrafenone Pumpkins (Winter squash) 0.05* 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”.  
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
29To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRL will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe the proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
309 Proposal to set an MRL for Spirotetramat  
It is proposed that an MRL is set for spirotetramat when used as an inse cticide for control of psyllid on 
potatoes. It is proposed that Schedule One of t he NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be amended to 
include the following, this will be the result ing entry for spirotetramat in Schedule One: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Spirotetramat 203313-25-1 Sum of: 
Spirotetramat and its enol metabolite  
Expressed as: 
Spiroteramat Potatoes 0.5 
 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRL represents a new use pattern in New Zealand for the active ingredient 
spirotetramat. The proposed MRL will manage the ne w use of spirotetramat as an insecticide for 
control of psyllid on potatoes, to the application ra tes and withholding periods  that are proposed good 
agricultural practice in New Zealand.  
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Spirotetramat 
Use of compound Insecticide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 203313-25-1 
Type of compound Tetramic acid 
Administration method Spray 
 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Spirotetramat is proposed fo r use as an insecticide for control of  psyllid on potatoes.  Application is 
made twice during growth as part of a psyllid co ntrol programme, at a rate of 84gai/ha, with a 
withholding period of 7 days.   
Residues Information 
Residue data for potatoes supports an MRL of 0.5mg/kg  for spirotetramat when the last treatment is 
made 7 days before harvest.  An MRL of 0.5mg/kg  is therefore proposed to support GAP.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) 0.09mg/kg bw/day  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
31 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to spirotetramat is es timated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for spirotetramat is equivalent to 1.1% of the  PDE (food). It is therefore concluded that the 
chronic dietary exposur e is acceptable.  
Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of spirotetramat as  an insecticide for control of psyllid on potatoes, 
according to the good agricultural practice specified above, is very unlikely to pose any health risks 
from consumption of the harvested commodity. 
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
EU   
Spirotetramat Potatoes 0.1* 
Codex   
Spirotetramat  Potatoes 0.8 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”. 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the prop osed MRL will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
3210 Proposal to set an MRL for Tepraloxydim  
It is proposed that an MRL is set for tepraloxydim wh en used as a herbicide for control of grass weeds 
around onions. It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be amended 
to include the following, this will be the result ing entry for tepraloxydim in Schedule One: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Tepraloxydim 149979-4-9 Sum of: 
Tepraloxydim and metabolites 
converted to 3-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-
yl)-glutaric acid and 
3-hydroxy-3-(tetrahydro-pyran-4-
yl)-glutaric acid,  
Expressed as: 
Tepraloxydim  Onions 0.1* 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRL represents a ne w registration in New Zealand for the active ingredient 
tepraloxydim. The proposed MRL will manage the new use of tepraloxydim as a herbicide for control 
of grass weeds around onions, to the application rates and withholding periods that are approved 
good agricultural practice in New Zealand.  
Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Tepraloxydim 
Use of compound Herbicide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 149979-4-9 
Type of compound Cyclohexene oxime 
Administration method Spray 
 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Tepraloxydim is proposed for use as a herbicide for on ions.  Application is as a single application post-
emergence and before weeds flower at a rate of 75gai/ha, with a withholding period of 35 days.    Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
33Residues Information 
Residue data for onions supports a limit of quantificat ion MRL of 0.1mg/kg for tepraloxydim when the 
last treatment is made 35 days before harvest.  An MRL of 0.1mg/kg is ther efore proposed to support 
GAP.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Potential daily exposure via food (PDE (food)) 0.035mg/kg bw/day 
Acute Reference Dose (ARfD) 0.4mg/kg bw 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to tepraloxydim is es timated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for tepraloxydim is equivalent to 0.1% of the  PDE (food). It is therefore concluded that the 
chronic dietary exposur e is acceptable.  
The ARfD is a value set by the Environmental Ri sk Management Authority (ERMA) which represents 
the health standard for short term intake of a substance relevant to the New Zealand population 
The acute dietary exposure to tepraloxydim is esti mated by the National Estimated Short Term Intake 
(NESTI) calculation encompassing 97.5th percentile high consumers of an individual commodity, 
containing the highest residue, based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults. 
The NESTI for tepraloxydim in onions is equivalent to less than 0.1% of the ARfD. It is therefore 
concluded that the acute dietary exposure is acceptable.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
34Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of tepraloxydim as  a herbicide for use around onions, according to 
the good agricultural practice specified above, is  very unlikely to pose any health risks from 
consumption of the harvested commodity. 
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
EU   
Tepraloxydim Onions (S ilverskin onions) 0.3 
Japan   
Tepraloxydim  Onions 0.5 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”. 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRL will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade. 
  
 
      
 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
3511 Proposal to set an MRL for Thiacloprid  
It is proposed that an MRL is set for thiacloprid when used as an insecticide on pome fruits. 
It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (MRL ) Food Standards 2009 be amended by deleting the 
following MRL: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Thiacloprid 111988-49-9 Thiacloprid Pome fruits 0.02(*) 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
As a replacement for the deleted MRL it is proposed that the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 be 
amended to include the following: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Thiacloprid 111988-49-9 Thiacloprid Pome fruits 0.3 
 
The final entry for Thiacloprid in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 will therefore 
read: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum 
Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Thiacloprid 111988-49-9 Thiacloprid Avocados 
Kiwifruit Onions 
Pome fruits 
Stone fruit (except cherries) 0.05 
0.02(*) 0.01(*) 
0.3 
0.02(*) 
NOTE: (*) indicates that the maximum residue limit  has been set at or about the limit of analytical 
quantification. 
Amendment Rationale 
The proposed MRL represent s a reduction in the withholding period for the active ingredient 
thiacloprid. The withholding period is proposed to reduce from 42 days to  14 days to allow greater 
flexibility in the control of insect pests. The prop osed MRL will manage the use of thiacloprid as an 
insecticide on pome fruits, to the application ra tes and withholding period s that are approved good 
agricultural practice in New Zealand.  
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
36Chemical Information 
Common name of compound Thiacloprid 
Use of compound Insecticide 
Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) Registry number 111988-49-9 
Type of compound Pyridylmethylamine 
Administration method Spray 
 
 
Good Agricultural Practice 
Thiacloprid is currently approved for use on pome fr uit with an application rate of 14.4gai/100L.  
Application is after petal fall with further applicat ions made when pests exceed threshold levels, the 
withholding period is proposed to decrease from 42 days to 14 days.   
Residues Information 
Residue data for pome fruits supports an MRL of 0.3m g/kg for thiacloprid when the last treatment is 
made 14 days before harvest.  An MRL of 0.3mg/ kg is therefore proposed to support GAP.  
Dietary Risk Assessment 
Acceptable Daily Intake   0.01mg/kg bw/day 
 
The potential daily ex posure via food (PDE (food)) is used for dietary intake calculation where a value 
has been set.  An appropriate acceptable daily in take (ADI) is used in the absence of a PDE (food). 
The PDE (food) is a value set by the Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA), which 
represents the proportion of the acceptable daily ex posure (ADE) to a substance via the food route as 
relevant to the New Zealand population.  The methodol ogy for calculation of these values is set out in 
the Hazardous Substances (class es 6, 8, and 9 controls) regulations 2001 and can be found at 
www.legislation.govt.nz . 
The chronic dietary exposure to thiacloprid is es timated by the National Estimated Dietary Intake 
(NEDI) calculation encompassing all registered us es of the chemical and food consumption data 
based upon the 1997 National Nutritional Survey for adults and the 1995 National Nutrition Survey of 
Australia, for children. The NEDI calc ulation is made in accordance with Guidelines for predicting 
dietary intake of pesticide residues (revised)  [World Health Organisation, 1997]. 
The NEDI for thiacloprid is equivalent to 3% of the  PDE (food). It is therefore concluded that the chronic 
dietary exposure is acceptable.  
 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
37Toxicological / Public Health Assessment   
It has been determined that the use of thiacloprid as an  insecticide for use on pome fruits, according to 
the good agricultural practice specified above, is  very unlikely to pose any health risks from 
consumption of the harvested commodity. 
Other International MRLs 
Compound Food Maximum Residue Limit 
(mg/kg) 
Australia   
Thiacloprid Pome fruits 1 
Codex Alimentarius   
Thiacloprid Pome fruits 0.7 
EU   
Thiacloprid Pome fruits 0.3 
Japan   
Thiacloprid  Apple 
Pear 2 
2 
United States    
Thiacloprid Fruits, Pome 0.3 
 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs sp ecified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”. 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRL will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  Any 
country may choose to comment if they believe t he proposed MRL represents a barrier to their trade. 
     
 
  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
3812 Proposal to delete MRLs for Cypermethrin  
It is proposed that Schedule One of the NZ (M RL) Food Standards 2009 be amended by deleting the 
following MRLs:  
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Cypermethrin 52315-07-8 Cypermethrin, sum of 
isomers Kiwifruit 
Pome fruit 2 
1 
 
The final entry for cypermethrin in Schedule One of the NZ (MRL) Food Standards 2009 will therefore 
read: 
Compound CAS# Residue definition Food Maximum Residue 
Limit (mg/kg) 
Cypermethrin 52315-07-
8 Cypermethrin, sum 
of isomers Brassica 
vegetables  
1 
 
Amendment Rationale  
The above MRLs are proposed to be deleted as there are no remaining use patterns approved for 
application to fruit bearing trees or vines. Only use directions for non-bearing trees remain and these 
do not require regulation with the current MRLs. 
International MRLs 
Under Provision (3)(b) of the NZ (MRL) Food Standa rds 2009 imported food may contain residues of 
agricultural compounds no greater than the MRLs spec ified for that food in the current editions or 
supplements of the FAO/WHO Codex  Alimentarius Commission publications titled “Pesticide Residues 
in Food” or “Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods”. 
 
To meet New Zealand’s obligations under the Ag reement on the Application of Sanitary and 
Phytosanitary Measures the proposed MRL deletion will be notified to the World Trade Organization.  
Any country may choose to comment if they believe  the proposed MRL deletion represents a barrier to 
their trade.  Proposals to Amend the New Zealand (Maximum Residue Li mits of Agricultural Compounds) Food Standards 2009 
  
39