RESTRICTED  WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  TN/S/O/ALB 
7 June 2005 
 (05-2191) 
Council forTrade in Services 
Special Session  Original:  English 
 
 
 
ALBANIA 
 
Initial Conditional Offer on Services  
 
The following communication, dated 26 May 2005, from the delegation of Albania, is being 
circulated to the Members of th e Council for Trade in Services. 
 
_______________ 
 
 The Government of Albania herewith submits  its initial offer under the negotiations on trade 
in services under the Article XIX of the General Agreement on Trade in Services and pursuant to 
paragraph 15 of the Doha Ministerial Declaration.  
 
 The Government of Albania reserves the right to  reduce, modify, or withdraw this initial offer 
and any subsequent conditional offer that could follo w, in whole or in part, at any time during the 
negotiations on services. The Government of Albania further reserves the right to make any technical 
change or correction to this initial offer and any subsequent offer that could follow, throughout the 
course of the negotiations.  
 
 
 
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 2 ALBANIA – SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS 
 
Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
I.  HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS 
Real Estate  3) Natural and juridical foreign persons that intend 
to supply services or are supplying services in 
the territory of Republic of Albania will be entitled to lease or to buy non-agricultural land 
necessary to carry out their business whether 
the land is state-owned or privately owned. To buy state-owned non-agricu ltural land the value 
of investment at the certain land must be three 
times higher than the value of non –agricultural land. The Council of the Ministers defines the 
value of non-agricultural land when it is state 
owned property. 
 
 No restrictions apply with regard to the 
acquisition of private land as well as leasing of 
land. 
  
 
Entry and Temporary Stay of 
Foreign Natural Persons 4) Entry of physical persons from Member 
countries is limited to the following categories: 
 (a) Intra-corporate tr ansferees: Essential 
persons (executives and senior managers, specialists) who are 
employees of a business or company 
providing services in Albania through a 
branch, subsidiary or affiliate established 
in Albania. The entry is limited to a period of 5 years. 
     TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 3Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
  (b) Service sellers:  These are persons 
employed or mandated by an enterprise and who stay temporarily in Albania in 
order to conclude the contract for the 
sale of a service on behalf of enterprise which employs them or mandated them. 
The entry is limited to a period of 6 
months in any 12 months period and is renewable. 
   
   Persons who are employees of an 
enterprise that has not commercial 
presence in  Albania, which has conclude a service contract with an 
enterprise engaged in substantive 
business in Albania. The entry is limited to a period of 6 months in any 12 months 
period and renewable. 
   
 
  (c) Persons responsible for the setting up a 
commercial presence: Persons who are employees of an enterprise not having 
commercial presence in Albania and 
who stay temporarily in Albania for the purpose of setting up a commercial 
presence of that enterprise in Albania. 
The entry is limited to a period of 3 months and is renewable. 
   
Control on capital 
transactions and capital 
movements No restrictions apply for the inflows of capital. 
Legal and natural persons (not including banks) 
residents and non-residents can freely carry out the 
following outflows capital transactions:     TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 4 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
 1. Outflow capital transfers equalling the 
amount of previous inflow of capital plus the profits derived from:   
  a .returns;  
 b. compensations;  
 c. payments arising out of an investment 
dispute;  
 d. loan repayments according to loan 
amortization  schedule.  
 e. proceeds from the sale or liquidation of 
any or all  part of an investment, and 
 f. the return of shareholders equity resulting 
from the diminution of capital in accordance with Albanian legislation. 
   
 2.  Outflow capital transfers representing the 
amount of profits derived from the non-
residents deposits placed with Albanian 
resident banks. 
   
 3.  Outflow capital transfers representing the 
wealth of the Albanian emigrants leaving the 
country forever.  
 Any other outflow capital transactions cannot 
be carried out freely from residents and non-
residents. Residents or non-residents who may 
want to transfer capital abroad, other than the above mentioned ones have to obtain prior 
written approval from the Bank of Albania 
(BOA).  
 The Bank of Albania reserves the right to 
maintain capital controls which will apply on 
national treatment basis. The regime currently in place will be removed no latter than 2010.     TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 5Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
II.  SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS 
1.  BUSINESS SERVICES    
A.  Professional Services     
(a)  Legal services (861)    
(861 except consultancy on law of jurisdiction where the 
service supplier is qualified as 
a lawyer and on international 
law) 1) Only Albanian citizen s-attorneys-at-law and 
notaries who reside in Albania have the right 
to render such services. 
2) None 
3) Only Albanian citizen s-attorneys-at-law and 
notaries who reside in Albania have the right to render such services. 
4) Only Albanian citizen s-attorneys-at-law and 
notaries who reside in Albania have the right to render such services. 
 1) Unbound 
 
 
2) None 
3) Unbound 
  
4) Unbound  
  
Consultancy on law of 
jurisdiction where the service 
supplier is qualified as a 
lawyer and on international law.  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
(b)  Accounting, auditing and 
bookkeeping services 
(862) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
(c)  Taxation services (863) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 4) None  
 
(d)  Architectural services 
(8671) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None 
  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 6 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(e)  Engineering Services 
(8672) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
(f)  Integrated engineering 
services (8673) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
(g)  Urban planning and 
landscape architectural 
services (8674) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 
4) None  
 
(h)  Medical and dental 
services 
 (9312)  1) None 
2) None 
3) None  
 
 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None, except that licen sing is done only in 
cooperation with an Albanian professional whether 
this professional is a partner or an employee in the 
foreign company. 
4) None  
   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 7Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(i) Veterinary services (932) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
  
 
(j) Services provided by 
midwives nurses, 
physiotherapists and 
paramedical personnel (93191) 
 1) Unbound
* 
2) None 
3) None 
  
 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) Unbound
* 
2) None 
3) None, except that licen sing is done only in 
cooperation with an Albanian professional whether this professional is a partner or an employee in the 
foreign company. 
4) None   
 
B.  Computer and related 
services     
 (CPC 84) 
 
 Albania subscribes to the 
"Understanding on the 
scope of coverage of 
Computer Services – (CPC 84)" attached in 
Annex. 
  
 
1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
Horizontal Commitments.  
 
1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None   
(a)  Consultancy services 
related to installation of 
computer  hardware (841)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
 
(b)  Software implementation 
services (842)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal  
Commitments.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
 
                                                      
* Due to lack of technical feasibility  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 8 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(c)  Data processing services 
(843)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
 
(d)  Database services (844)
  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
(e)  Other (845+849)  1)  None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
 
E. Rental/Leasing Services 
without Operators     
(e)  Other (CPC 832), 
including pre-recorded 
video cassettes for use in 
home entertainment equipment (CPC 83202) 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
F.  Other business services     
(a)  Advertising services 
(871) 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) Hone 4) None  
 
(b)  Market research and 
public opinion polling 
services (864) 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 9Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(c)  Management consulting 
services (865) 1) None  
2) None 3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
(d)  Services related to 
management consulting 
(866) 1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
(e)  Technical testing and 
analysis services (8676)  1) None  
2) None 
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
(f)  Services incidental to 
agriculture, hunting and 
forestry (881) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
 
(g)  Services incidental to 
fishing (882) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
 
(h)  Services incidental to 
mining (883);  (5115)  1) None 
2) None 
3) None  4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 10 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(i) Services incidental to 
manufacturing (884, 885) 1) None 
2) None 3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
(m) Related scientific and 
technical consulting 
services (8675) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None   
(n) Maintenance and repair of 
equipment (663+8861-
8866) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None   
(o) Disinfecting and 
exterminating services 
(87401) 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None  
 
 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) Unbound
* 
2) None 
3) None, except that licen sing is done only in 
cooperation with an Albanian professional whether 
this professional is a partner or an employee in the 
foreign company. 
4) None 
  
(q) Packaging services (876) 1) Unbound* 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) Unbound
* 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
(r) Printing publishing 
(88442) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None   
 
                                                      
* Due to lack of technical feasibility   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 11Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(s) Convention services 
(87909) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
2.  COMMUNICATION 
SERVICES    
   Albania will participate 
actively in ongoing and future rounds of WTO services 
negotiations with a view 
towards improving its commitments on 
Communications services as 
defined under w/120. 
(a)  Postal services 
 Postal services related to 
parcels (75112) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
(b)  Courier services (7512) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 12 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
Telecommunications Services The commitments undertaken by Albania are based on the scheduling principles provided by the following documents: 
Notes for Scheduling Basic Telecom Servi ces Commitments (S/GBT/W/2/REV.1) and 
Market Access Limitations on Sp ectrum Availability (S/GBT/W/3) 
For all sub -sectors of 
telecommunication services.  
 2.C  Telecommunications 
services  
 
All services consisting of the 
transmission and reception 
of signals by any electromagnetic means, 
excluding broadcasting.  
 Broadcasting is defined as 
the uninterrupted chain of 
transmission required for 
the distribution of TV and 
radio programme signals to the general public, but does 
not cover contribution links 
between operators.  
Telecommunications 
services do not cover the economic activity consisting 
of the provision of content 
services which require telecommunications services 
for their transport. 
 1) & 3)
 Albanian Telekom (AT) has exclusive 
rights for fixed telephony except in rural areas. No 
limit ations from 1 January 2003.  
 
4) Natural persons cannot provide 
telecommunication services in Albania if they 
are not registered as juridical persons.  
 
1) None 
 
2) None 
 3) None 
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the 
horizontal section. Natural persons cannot 
provide telecommunication services in Albania if they are not registered as 
juridical persons.   
 
  
 
  
 
1) None 
 
2) None 
 3) None 
 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal 
section  The Government of Albania 
will publish the rules and 
regulatory policy regarding further competition in the 
field of basic 
telecommunication services. The attached reference paper 
on regulatory principles is 
incorporated as additional commitments by the Republic 
of Albania.  
 
The Republic of Albania 
undertakes the obligations 
contained in the reference 
paper attached hereto for the 
following services: a) Voice telephone services 
(CPC 7521) 
b) Packet-switched data transmission services (part of 
CPC 7523) 
c) Circuit-switched data transmission services (part of 
CPC 7523) 
d) Telex services (part of CPC 7523)    TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 13Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(a)  Public Voice Telephone 
services (7521)  
   e) Telegraph services 
(CPC  7522)  
Public local voice telephone 
services (Urban) (75211)  
 1) None as of 1 January 2003  
2) None  
3) None as of 1 January 2003  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments and in the horizontal section of 
the telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None  
 f) Facsimile services (part of 
CPC 7521 + part of 
CPC 7529) 
g) Private leased circuit services (part of CPC 7522 + 
part of CPC 7523) 
 
Public local voice telephone 
services (Rural) (75211)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments and in the horizontal section of 
the telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None  
  
Public long distance voice 
telephone services - national 
(75212)  1) None as of 1 January 2003  
2) None  
3) None as of 1 January 2003  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments and the hori zontal section of the 
telecommunications sec tor.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None  
  
 
 
International public voice 
telephone services  (75212)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None as of 1 January 2003  
4) Unbound, except as indica ted in the Horizontal 
Commitments and the hori zontal section of the 
telecommunicatio ns sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None  
  
 
 
Analogue digital 
cellular/mobile telephone 
services  (75213)  
 -  mobile voice and data 
services  
 -  Personal 
Communication  
Services.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizon tal 
Commitment and the horizontal section of the 
telecommunications sector.  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None  
   TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 14 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(b)   Packet -switched data 
transmission services 
(75231)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments a nd the horizontal section of the 
telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
  
(c)  Circuit -switched data 
transmission services 
(75232)  1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments and the horizont al section of the 
telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
 
 
(d)  Telex services (7523)  1)  None as of 1 January 2003  
2) None  
3) None as of 1 January 2003  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment and the horizontal s ection of the 
telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
  
(e)  Telegraph services (7522)  1)  None as of 1 January 2003  
2) None  
3) None as of 1 January 2003  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment and the horizontal s ection of the 
telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
 
 
(f)  Facsimile services 
(75211, 7559)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments and the hori zontal section of the 
telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None     TN/S/O/ALB
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commitments 
(g)  Private leased circuit 
services (7522+7523)  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None as of 1 January 2003.  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment and the horizontal section of the 
telecommunications se ctor. 
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None   
  
Other telecommunication 
services (7529)  
Paging services, value -added 
services, (75291)  
e.g., electronic mail, voice 
mail, on -line information and 
database retrieval, electronic 
data interchange (EDI), 
enhanced/val ue-added 
facsimile services including 
store and forward, store and 
retrieve, code and protocol 
conversion, on -line 
information and/or data 
processing (including 
transaction procession).   
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Hori zontal 
Commitments and the hori zontal section of the 
telecommunications sector.  
 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) None  
  
3.  CONSTRUCTION AND 
RELATED 
ENGINEERING SERVICES    
A. General construction work 
for buildings (512)  1) None 
2) None  3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  1) None 
2) None  3) None 
4) None  
 
B.  General construction work 
for civil engineering (513 ) 1) None 
2) None  3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None  3) None 
4) None  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
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commitments 
C.  Installation and assembly 
work (514 + 516)  1) None 
2) None  3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None  3) None 
4) None  
 
D. Building completion and 
finishing work (517 ) 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 
4) None  
 
E. Other (511+515+518 ) 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 
4) None  
 
4. DISTRIBUTION 
SERVICES    
A.  Commission agent's 
services (621 ) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None  
  
 
 4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None, except that for co mmission agents services of 
goods under the sub-sector 62117, licensing is done only in cooperation with an Albanian professional 
whether this professional is a partner or an 
employee in the foreign company. 
4) None  
  
 
B.  Wholesale trade services 
(622)  1) None 
2) None 
3) None  
 
 
  
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None except that for wholesale of goods under the 
sub-sectors 62251 & 62252 licensing is done only 
in co-operation with an Albanian professional 
whether this professional is a partner or an employee in the foreign company.  
4) None  
  
   TN/S/O/ALB
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commitments 
C. Retailing services 
(631+632+633+611+ 
612), including audio and 
video records and tapes 
(CPC 63234)  1) None except for retailing of goods under the 
sub-sector 63211. 2) None 
3) None  
  
 
 4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments  
 1) None except for retailing of goods under the sub-
sector 63211. 
2) None 
3) None, except that for retailing of goods under the 
sub-sector 63211, licensing is done only in co-operation with an Albanian professional whether 
this professional is a partner or an employee in the 
foreign company.  
4) None  
  
 
D. Franchising (8929 ) 1) None 
2) None  3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
  
 
5. EDUCATIONAL 
SERVICES (92)     
A. Primary educational 
services (921)  1) Unbound 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
B. Secondary educational 
services (922)     
 General secondary 
education service (9221) 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
 
 Higher secondary 
educational services 
(9222) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None 
  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 18 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
C. Higher educational 
services (923)  
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
  
 
D. Adult educational services 
(924)  
 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
6. ENVIRONMENTAL 
SERVICES    
A. Sewage services (9401 ) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
  
 
B. Refuse disposal services 
(9402 ) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None   
 
C.  Sanitation and similar 
services  (9403)  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
D. Other  
 Cleaning services of 
exhaust gases (9404) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 19Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
 Noise abatement services 
(9405) 
 
 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal 
section. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
7. FINANCIAL SERVICES    
A. Insurance and 
insurance-related services  
 Life insurance services 
(8121) 
 Non-life insurance 
services (8129) (not including marine, aviation 
and other  transport 
insurance  services 81293) 1) Unbound except that starting on 1 January 
2005,  None for insurance of non-residents in 
Albania and for foreign investments. 
2) None as of 1 January 2003 .  
3) None  
  
 
  
 
 
4) Unbound except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments  
 1) Unbound except that starting on 1 January 2005
, 
None for insurance of non-r esidents in Albania and 
for foreign investments. 
2) None as o f 1 January 2003 . 
3) None except that for commercial presence 
established or authorized to operate or supply services, this commercial pr esence is restricted to 
those companies that have exercised insurance 
activities in the home country for at least 5 years. For all forms of commercial presence the general 
representative of the companies must reside in 
Albania. 
4) None   
  
 
 Marine, aviation and 
other  transport insurance  
services (81293) 
 Reinsurance and 
retrocession (81299) 1) None 
2) None  3) None 
 
  
 
  
 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None except that for commercial presence 
established or authorized to operate or supply 
services, this commercial pr esence is restricted to 
those companies that have exercised insurance 
activities in the home country for at least 5 years. 
For all forms of commercial presence the general representative of the companies must reside in 
Albania. 
4) None   
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 20 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
 Insurance intermediation, 
such as brokerage and agency (8140) 
 
 Services auxiliary to 
Insurance, including 
consultancy, actuarial, 
risk assessment claim settlement (8140) 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
  
 
B. Banking and other 
financial services     
(a) Acceptance of deposits 
and other repayable 
funds from the public  
 (81115-81119)  1) Unbound 
2) None except for capital controls as specified in 
the Horizontal Commitments, which will be 
removed no later than 2010. 
3) None 
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
  
4) None  
 
(b) Lending of all types, 
including consumer 
credit, mortgage credit 
factoring and financing of commercial 
transaction (8113) 1) Unbound 
2) None except for capital controls as specified in 
the Horizontal Commitments, which will be 
removed no later than 2010. 
3) None  
4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
  
4) None    
 
(c) Financial leasing (8112) 1) Unbound 
2) None except for capital controls as specified in 
the Horizontal Commitments, which will be 
removed no later than 2010. 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
 
 4) None  
   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 21Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(d) All payment and money 
transmission services (81339) 
 1) Unbound 
2) None except for capital controls as specified in 
the Horizontal Commitments, which will be 
removed no later than 2010. 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
 
 4) None 
  
 
(e) Guarantees and 
commitments (81199) 1) Unbound 
2) None except for capital controls as specified in 
the Horizontal Commitments, which will be 
removed no later than 2010. 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None  
 
3) None 4) None 
  
 
(f) Trading for own account 
or for account of 
customers whether on an 
exchange, in an over-
the-counter market or otherwise the following: 
 - money market 
instruments (checks, bills, certificates and 
deposits, etc) 
(81339**) 
 
 - foreign exchange 
 1) Unbound 
2) None except for capital controls as specified in 
the Horizontal Commitments, which will be 
removed no later than 2010. 
3) None 4) Unbound except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 
 
 
3) None 4) None 
  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 22 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
- derivative products 
including, but not limited to futures and 
options 
 1) None  
2) None  3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
 Albania will afford market 
access on a national treatment bases to foreign financial 
services suppliers upon the 
occurrence of the earlier of either of the following events: 
the establishment of prudential 
regulation with respect to the activities in question, or the 
actual appearance of such 
activities, with official authorization or acquiescence, 
in the domestic market.  
 
 - exchange rate and 
interest rate instruments, including 
such as swaps, forward 
rate arrangements, etc. 
 
- transferable securities  
- other negotiable 
instruments and financial assets, 
including bullion 1) None  
2) None  3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
 Albania will afford market 
access on a national treatment bases to foreign financial 
services suppliers upon the 
occurrence of the earlier of 
either of the following events: 
the establishment of a prudential regulation with 
respect to the activities in 
question, or the actual appearance of such activities, 
with official authorization or 
acquiescence, in the domestic market.   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 23Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(g) Participation in issues of 
all kinds of securities, including underwriting 
and placement as agent 
(whether publicly or privately) and provision 
of service related to such 
issues. 
 (8132) 1) None  
2) None  3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
 Albania will afford market 
access on a national treatment bases to foreign financial 
services suppliers upon the 
occurrence of the earlier of either of the following events: 
the establishment of a 
prudential regulation with respect to the activities in 
question, or the actual 
appearance of such activities, with official authorization or 
acquiescence, in the domestic 
market.  
(h) Money broking (81339) 1) None  
2) None  
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None 
 Albania will afford market 
access on a national treatment 
bases to foreign financial 
services suppliers upon the 
occurrence of the earlier of 
either of the following events: the establishment of a 
prudential regulation with 
respect to the activities in question, or the actual 
appearance of such activities, 
with official authorization or acquiescence, in the domestic 
market. 
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 24 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(i) Asset management, such 
as cash or portfolio management, pension 
fund management, 
custodial and trust services. 
 1) None  
2) None  3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
 Albania will afford market 
access on a national treatment bases to foreign financial 
services suppliers upon the 
occurrence of the earlier of either of the following events: 
the establishment of a 
prudential regulation with respect to the activities in 
question, or the actual 
appearance of such activities, with official authorization or 
acquiescence, in the domestic 
market.  
(j) Settlement and clearing 
services of financial 
assets, including 
securities, derivative 
products, and other 
negotiable instruments. (81339) 1) Unbound 
2) Unbound 
3) Settlements and clearing services for the time 
being are offered by the BOA only.  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
 
4) None 
 The Bank of Albania will 
offer the service of clearing 
for a period of 5 years from 
the day of accession and after 
that other entities will offer 
such service. The Bank of Albania will retain the 
monopoly over inter-banking 
payments system and RTGS (Real Time Gross Settlement) 
 
(k) Advisory and other 
auxiliary financial 
services and all activities 
listed in article B of MFN. TNC/W/50, 
including credit 
reference and analysis, investment and portfolio 
research and advice on 
acquisitions and on corporate restructuring 
and strategy. (8131 or 
8133) 
 1) None  
2) None   
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None     TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 25Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
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commitments 
(l) Provision and transfer of 
financial information, and financial data 
processing  related 
software by providers of other financial services.  
 (8131) 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
8.  HEALTH-RELATED 
AND SOCIAL SERVICES (other than 
those listed under 1.A.h-
j.)    
A. Hospital services (9311)  
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None  
 
 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None, except that licensi ng is done in cooperation 
with an Albanian professional whether this 
professional is a partner or an employee in the 
foreign company. 
4) Unbound 
  
 
B.  Other human health 
services (9319, other 
than 93191)  
 1) None 
2) None  3) None 
 
  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 1) None 
2) None 3) None, except that licensi ng is done in cooperation 
with an Albanian professional whether this 
professional is a partner or an employee in the foreign company. 
4) Unbound 
  
 
9.  TOURISM AND 
TRAVEL-RELATED 
SERVICES    
A.  Hotels and restaurants 
services (641, 642, 643)  
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None 
  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 26 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
B.  Travel agencies and tour 
operators services 
(7471 ) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
C.  Tourist guide services  
(7472)  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None   
 
10.  RECREATIONAL, 
CULTURAL AND 
SPORTING SERVICES    
A. Entertainment Services  
 Other entertainment 
services:  Cinema 
theatre operation 
services (CPC 96199**) 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment. 
 1) Unbound 
2) Unbound 
3) None except unbound for access to subsidies. 
 
4) None  
 
B.  News agency service 
(962)  1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitment. 
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 4) None  
 
C. Libraries, archives, 
museums and other 
cultural services  
 Library services (96311) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 4) None  
 
 Archive service (96312) 1) Unbound 
2) Unbound 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments.  
 1) None 
2) None  
3) None 4) None  
   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 27Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
D. Sporting and other 
recreational services 
(964)  1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
 
11.  TRANSPORT 
SERVICES    
A.  Maritime Transport 
Services     
International Transport  
a. Passenger and  (7211)  
   freight transportation     (7211 & 7212) 
   less cabotage transport   The following services at the 
port are made available to 
international maritime transport suppliers on 
reasonable and non-
discriminatory terms and conditions: 
1. Pilotage  
2.  Towing and tug 
assistance 
3.  Provisioning, fueling 
and watering 
4.  Garbage collecting and 
ballast waste disposal  
5.  Port Captain's Services 
6.  Navigation aids 
7.  Shore-based operational 
services essential to ship 
operations including 
communications, water and electrical suppliers  
8.  Emergency repair 
facilities 
9.  Anchorage, berth and 
berthing services 
(c) Rental of vessels with 
crew (7213) 
(d)  Maintenance and repair 
of vessels (8868*) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 28 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(f) Supporting services for 
maritime transport (745**)   Supporting services are 
performed by the State Port Authority. These services are 
included in the law on 
privatization of strategic enterprises and is expected 
their liberalization.  In the 
meantime, privatization of different services has started, 
e.g., shipping agency, pilot 
services, garbage services, forwarding services, etc. 
C.  Air transport service     
(d) Maintenance and repair 
of aircraft  (8868*) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
  
 
F.  Road transport service     
(a) Passenger transportation    
(i) international 
passenger transport 
(7121 + 7122) less cabotage transport 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None  4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
(ii) domestic passenger 
transport, less 
cabotage transport (7121+7122) 
 
 1) Unbound
* 
2) Unbound*. 
3) None  4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 4) None  
  
                                                      
* This mode of delivery is not feasible.   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 29Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
(b.) Freight transportation 
(7123) 
    
(i) international freight 
transportation 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) Unbound 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
(ii) domestic freight 
transport, less 
cabotage transport 
  1) Unbound
* 
2) Unbound*. 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) Unbound*. 
2) Unbound*. 
3) None 
4) None  
 
(c) Rental of commercial 
vehicles with operators 
(7124) 1) None 
2) None 
3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None 
  
 
(d) Maintenance and repair 
of road transport 
equipment (6112+8867) 1) None, except where there exists a technical 
unfeasibility. 
2) None 3) None  
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
  
 
(e) Supporting service for 
road transportation services (744) 
 1) None, except where there exists a technical 
unfeasibility. 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indicated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
 2) None 
3) None 
4) None   
 
                                                      
* This mode of delivery is not feasible.  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 30 Modes of supply: 1)   Cross-border supply  2)   Consumption abroad  3)   Commercial presence  4)   Presence of natural persons 
Sector or subsector Limitations on market  access Limitations on national treatment Additional  
commitments 
H.  Services auxiliary to all 
modes of transport      
(a)  Cargo handling services 
(741) 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None 
  
(b)  Storage and 
warehousing services (742) 1) Unbound
* 
2) None  3) None
** 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) Unbound*. 
2) None  3) None
** 
4) None  
 
(c)  Freight transport agency 
services  (748) 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 3) None 
4) None  
Other auxiliary transport 
services such as freight 
inspection (749**) 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) Unbound, except as indi cated in the Horizontal 
Commitments. 
 1) None 
2) None 
3) None 
4) None  
 
  
 
 
 
                                                      
* A commitment of this mode of delivery is not feasible. 
** Public utility concessions or licensing procedures may apply  in case of occupation of the public domain TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 31 
 
 
Annex to the Schedule 
Understanding on the scope of coverage of CPC 84 - Computer and Related Services  
 CPC 84 covers the basic functions used to provi de all computer and related services: computer 
programs defined as the sets of instructio ns required to make computers work and 
communicate (including their development and implementation), data processing and storage, 
and related services, such as consultancy and traini ng services for staff of clients.  Technological 
developments have led to the increased offeri ng of these services as a bundle or package of 
related services that can include some or all of these basic functions. For example, services such 
as web or domain hosting, data mining serv ices and grid computing each consist of a 
combination of basic computer services functions. 
Computer and related services, regardless of whether they are delivered via a network, 
including the Internet, include all services that provide:  
• consulting, strategy, analysis, planning, speci fication, design, development, installation, 
implementation, integration, testing, debuggi ng, updating, support, technical assistance, 
or management of or for computers or computer systems; or 
• computer programs defined as the sets of instructions required to make computers work 
and communicate (in and of themselves), plus  consulting, strategy, analysis, planning, 
specification, design, development, installation, implementation, integration, testing, debugging, updating, adaptation, maintena nce, support, technical assistance, 
management or use of or for computer programs; or 
• data processing, data storage, data  hosting or database services; or 
• maintenance and repair services for offi ce machinery and equipment, including 
computers; or, 
• training services for staff of clients, rel ated to computer programs, computers or 
computer systems, and not elsewhere classified.   
 
Computer and related services enable the provisi on of other services (e.g., banking) by both 
electronic and other means.  However, there is an important distinction between the enabling 
service (e.g., web-hosting or application hosting)  and the content or core service that is being 
delivered electronically (e.g., banking). In such cases, the content or core service is not covered 
by CPC 84.  
 TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 32  
 
REFERENCE PAPERS TO THE ALBANIAN
 
TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES  
 
Attachment 
TELECOMMUNICATIONS 
 
ADDITIONAL COMMITMENT BY ALBANIA 
Scope  
 The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the basic 
telecommunications services.   
 Definitions
 
 Users
 mean service consumers and service suppliers.   
 
Essential facilities  mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that 
 
(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number of suppliers;  
and 
 
(b) cannot feasibly be economically or tec hnically substituted in order to provide a 
service. 
 A major supplier
 is a supplier which has the ability to mate rially affect the terms of participation 
(having regard to price and supply) in the releva nt market for basic telecommunications services as a 
result of: 
 
(a) control over essential facilities;  or 
 
(b) use of its position in the market. 
 
 
1. Competitive safeguards  
 1.1 Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications
 
 
Appropriate measures shall be maintained for th e purpose of preventing suppliers who, alone 
or together, are a major supplier from engaging  in or continuing anti-competitive practices. 
 1.2 Safeguards
 
 
The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular: 
 
(a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;   
 
(b) using information obtained from compet itors with anti-competitive results;  and 
 
(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical  
information about essential facilities and co mmercially relevant information which 
are necessary for them to provide services.  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 33 
 
 
2. Interconnection  
 2.1 This section applies to linking with supplie rs providing public telecommunications transport 
networks or services in order to allow the users of  one supplier to communicate with users of another 
supplier and  to access services provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are 
undertaken. 
 2.2 Interconnection to be ensured
 
 
Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensu red at any technically feasible point in the 
network.  Such interconnection is provided.1 
 
(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditi ons (including technical standards and 
specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its 
own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its 
subsidiaries or other affiliates;2 
 
(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and 
specifications) and cost-oriented rates that ar e transparent, reasonable, having regard 
to economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundl ed so that the supplier need not pay 
for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be 
provided;  and 
 
(c) upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the 
majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost of construction of necessary additional facilities. 
 
2.3 Public availability of the pro cedures for interconnection negotiations
 
 
The procedures applicable for interconnecti on to a major supplier will be made publicly 
available.  
2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements
 
 
It is ensured that a major supplier will make  publicly available either its interconnection 
agreements or a reference interconnection offer.  
2.5 Interconnection:  dispute settlement
 
 
A service supplier requesting interconnection with  a major supplier will have recourse, either: 
 
(a) at any time or 
 
(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known 
 
                                                      
1 Suppliers of services or networks not generally available to the public, such as closed user groups, 
have guaranteed rights to connect with the public telecommunications transport network or services on 
terms, conditions and rates which are non-discriminato ry, transparent and cost-oriented.  Such terms, 
conditions and rates may, however, vary from the term s, conditions and rates app licable to interconnection 
between public telecommunicati ons networks or services. 
2 Different terms, conditions and rates may be se t in Albania for operators in different market 
segments, on the basis of non-discriminatory and tr ansparent national licensing provisions, where such 
differences can be objectively justified because th ese services are not considered "like services". TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 34  
 
to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 
below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate te rms, conditions and rates for interconnection within 
a reasonable period of time, to the extent th at these have not been established previously. 
 3. Universal service
 
 
Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to 
maintain.  Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se , provided they are 
administered in a transparent, non-discriminator y and competitively neutral manner and are not more 
burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.      
 
4. Public availability of licensing criteria  
 
Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available: 
 
(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of  time normally required to reach a decision 
concerning an application for a licence  and 
 
(b) the terms and conditions of  individual licences. 
 
The reasons for the denial of a licence will be  made known to the applicant upon request. 
 
5. Independent regulators  
 
The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of basic 
telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be 
impartial with respect to all market participants. 
 6. Allocation and use of scarce resources
 
 
Any procedures for the allocation and use of s carce resources, including frequencies, numbers 
and rights of way, will be carried out in an obj ective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory 
manner. The current state of allocated frequency ba nds will be made publicly available, but detailed 
identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.  
 
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   TN/S/O/ALB
 Page 35ALBANIA  - LIST OF ARTICLE II (MFN) EXEMPTIONS 
 
Sector or sub-sector Descript ion of measure indicating its 
inconsistency with Article II Country to which the 
measure applies Intended duration Conditions creating the need 
for exemption 
Road transport; passengers and freight Provisions in existing or future bilateral 
or plurilateral agreements on 
international road transport (including 
combined transport - road/rail) reserving 
or limiting the provision of a transport 
service into, in, across and out of the 
Republic of Albania to the contracting parties to vehicles registered in each 
contracting party. All countries with which 
Albania has bilateral or 
plurilateral agreement on road 
transport in force, mentioned below: 
Greece, Italy,  FYROM, 
Turkey, Slovenia, Croatia, Sweden, Germany, Russia, 
Switzerland, France, Denmark, 
United Kingdom, Netherlands, Poland, Bulgaria and Hungary. 
 Indefinite The need for exemption is linked 
to the region characteristics of 
road transport services. 
Sale and marketing of air transport services and 
computer reservation systems (CRS) Preferential market access resulting 
from bilateral air transport agreements All countries with which 
Albania has bilateral agreement 
on air transport: Hungary, China, Greece, 
Turkey, Romania, Switzerland, 
Pakistan, Bulgaria, Germany, 
Slovenia, Italy, Austria, 
FYROM, Russia, United Kingdom, Croatia, Egypt, 
Yugoslavia, Netherlands 
 Indefinite Reciprocal provisions concerning 
supply of air transport services as 
a result of bilateral air transport agreements. 
Audiovisual Services 
- Production and 
distribution of audiovisual works through 
broadcasting or other 
forms of transmission to the public Measures which define works of 
European origin, in such a way as to 
extend national treatment to audiovisual works which meet certain linguistic and 
origin criteria regarding access to 
broadcasting or similar forms of transmission. 
 Parties to the Council of 
Europe Convention on 
Transfrontier Television or other European Countries with 
whom an agreement may be 
concluded.  Indefinite. 
Exemption needed, for 
certain countries, only until an economic integration 
agreement is concluded or 
completed.  The measures aim, within the 
sector, to promote cultural values 
both within EC Member States, and with other countries in 
Europe, as well achieving 
linguistic policy objectives.  
Audiovisual Services - Production and 
distribution of television 
programmes and cinematographic works Measures based upon government - to 
government framework agreements, on 
co-production of audiovisual works 
which confer national treatment to audiovisual works covered by these 
agreements, in particular in relation to 
distribution and access to funding. All countries with whom 
cultural cooperation is 
desirable. Indefinite. 
 The aim of such agreement is to 
promote cultural links between 
countries concerned.  TN/S/O/ALB 
Page 36 Sector or sub-sector Descript ion of measure indicating its 
inconsistency with Article II Country to which the 
measure applies Intended duration Conditions creating the need 
for exemption 
Audiovisual Services - Production and 
distribution of television programmes and 
cinematographic works Measures granting the benefit of any 
support programmes (such as Action 
Plan for Advanced Television Services, MEDIA or EURIMAGES) to 
audiovisual works, and suppliers of such 
works, meeting certain European origin criteria. European Countries  Indefinite 
Exemption needed, for 
certain countries, only until an economic integration 
agreement is concluded or 
completed. These programmes aim at 
preserving and promoting the 
regional identity of countries within Europe which have long-
standing cultural links. 
 
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