- 1 - ICS 43.040.20 
T 38 
 
  
 
National Standard  
of the People's Republic of China 
 
 
GBXXXX - XXXX 
 
 
Retro-reflective markings  
for trucks and trailers 
 
 
  
Draft for approval 
 
 
 Issue Date: XXXX – XX – XX Im plementation Date: XXXX – XX – XX 
 
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and 
Quarantine of the People's  Republic of China and the 
 
Standardisation Administration of the  People's Republic of China (SAC) 
 
 
 
- 2 - Table of Contents
Foreword ....................................................................................................................... ....................... 3 
1  Scope....................................................................................................................... ......................... 4 
2  Normative References........................................................................................................ .............. 4 
3  Terms and definitions....................................................................................................... ................ 4 
3.1 Retro-reflective markings of carriage ...................................................................................... ...... 4 
3.2 Luminance factor ........................................................................................................... ................ 4 
4  Requirements ................................................................................................................ ................... 5 
4.1 Material requirements ...................................................................................................... .............. 5 
4.2 Installation and pasting requirements ...................................................................................... ...... 8 
5 Test methods................................................................................................................. ................... 11 
5.1 Retro-reflector type....................................................................................................... ............... 11 
5.2 Retro-reflective sheeting type ............................................................................................. ......... 11 
6 Inspection rules ............................................................................................................. .................. 14 
6.1 Types of inspection  ...................................................................................................... .............. 14 
6.2 Inspection for type approval ............................................................................................... ......... 14 
6.3 Inspection for conformity of production.................................................................................... .. 15 
7 Packaging and labelling ..................................................................................................... ............ 16 
7.1 Packaging.................................................................................................................. ................... 16 
7.2 Labelling .................................................................................................................. .................... 16 
7.3 User manual and qualification certificate .................................................................................. .. 16  
Foreword 
 
Clauses 4, 5 and 6 of this Standard are mandatory, whilst the rest are recommended. 
 Appendix A to this Standard is a normative annex.  This Standard is proposed by China Nati onal Development and Reform Commission. 
 
This Standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Automobile Standardisation Technical 
Committee.  The organisations responsible for the drafting of this Standard:  
Traffic Management Bureau of th e Ministry of P ublic Security; 
China Automotive Technology & Research Centre.  The organisations that pa rticipated in the drafting of this Standard:  
Traffic Safety Product Quality Supervision Testing Centre of the Ministry of Public Security 
Hanyang Special Purpose Vehicle Institute; Dongfeng Commercial Vehi cle Technical Centre; 
China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd; China International Marine Container (Group) Co., Ltd 
Hefei Bright Reflectiv e Material Co., Ltd; 
3M China Limited.  The main drafters of this standard:  Ying Chaoyang, Geng Lei, Wang Junhua, He Yuntang, Wu 
Yaoling, Yu Boying, Wu Zhihong, Zhang Yanwei, Zhao Binbing, Wang Sibao.  This is the first edition of this Standard.   
             
Retro-reflective markings for trucks and trailers 
1 Scope 
This Standard specifies the requirements (including material requirements and pasting 
requirements), test methods, inspection rules, pack aging, labelling and storage for retro-reflective 
markings of carriage.  This Standard applies to trucks a nd trailers; it does not apply to vehicles for road transportation of 
explosive products and highly toxic chemical products. 
2 Normative References 
The provisions of the following documents become  provisions of this Standard after being 
referenced. For dated reference documents, a ll later amendments (excluding corrigenda) and 
versions do not apply to this Standard; however, the parties to the agreement are encouraged to 
study whether the latest versions of these doc uments are applicable. For undated reference 
documents, the latest versions apply to this Standard.  GB/T 2423.17 Basic environmental testing procedures  for electric and electronic products. Test ka: 
salt mist;  GB/T 3681 Plastics – Test methods of ex posure to weathering (GB/T 3681-2000. neq ISO 
877:1994);  GB/T 3730.1 Motor vehicles and trailers – Types – Terms and definitions;  GB/T 3978 Standard illuminants an d illuminating-viewing conditions; 
 GB/T 3979 Methods of measuring the colour of materials; 
 GB/T 4785 Installation requirements for external lighting and light  signalling devices for motor 
vehicles and their trailers;  GB/T 11564 Retro-reflector for motor vehicles;  GB/T 18833-2002 Retro-reflective sh eeting for road traffic signs. 
3Terms and definitions 
The terms and definitions set out in GB/T  3730.1, GB/T 11564 and GB/T 18833-2002 and below 
apply to this Standard. 
3.1 Retro-reflective markings of carriage 
The combination of retro-reflective materials inst alled or pasted onto vehicle carriages for the 
purpose of increasing the iden tification of the vehicle. 
3.2 Luminance factor 
Under the circumstances of the sa me illumination and viewing, the ratio between the luminance of 
the sample and the luminance of the perfect reflecting diffuser.  4 Requirements 
4.1 Material requirements 
4.1.1 Classification 
On the basis of the different materials that form the retro-reflective markings of carriages, the 
markings are divided by retro-refl ector type of retro-reflective ma rkings of carriage (hereinafter 
referred to as retro-reflector type) and retro-reflec tive sheeting type of retro- reflective markings of 
carriage (hereinafter referred to as the retro-reflective sheeting type). 
On the basis of different coefficients of retro-re flection, retro-reflective sh eeting is classified as 
either first class (Class I) or second class (Class II). 
4.1.2 Retro-reflector type 
Retro-reflectors are divided into white elements and red elements, the entire characteristics shall 
comply with the requirements set out in IV A of GB 11564. 
4.1.3 Retro-reflective sheeting type 
4.1.3.1 Shapes and appearance requirements 
Retro-reflective sheeting is constructed by alte rnatively arranged white element bars and red 
element bars. 
The white elements of the retro-reflective sheeti ng shall display the markings of the manufacturer, 
the markings of the materials classification and other markings prescrib ed by relevant national 
departments, which are made by printing, water ma rking, cut stencils and print seal carving, 
moulding press or other appropriate  methods, and the markings sha ll be easily identified. Markings 
made by printing shall be on the su bsurface of the reflective surface. 
The surface of the retro-reflectiv e sheeting shall be smooth, bright and clean, with no faults or 
damage such as noticeable scratches, bubbles, cracks or uneven colour, etc. 
4.1.3.2 Dimension requirements 
The continuous section length of a ny one colour element shall not be  longer than 450 mm, and shall 
not be shorter than 150mm; the ratio between the le ngth of these two colour elements shall not be 
greater than 2, and shall not be smaller than 0.5. 
The width of the retro-reflective sheeting shall be  selected from the fo llowing data: 50 mm, 75 mm, 
100 mm. Where a width of 50mm retr o-reflective sheeting is  unable to be pasted onto the vehicle, 
the width of the retro-reflective sheeting is allowed to be 25mm. 
4.1.3.3 Chromaticity characteristics 
The chromaticity coordinate and luminance factor of  the white, red retro-re flective sheeting shall be 
within the range stipulated in Table 1. See Diagram 1 for the chromaticity diagram. 
       Table 1 Chromaticity coordinate and luminance factor for each corner point of the retro-
reflective  sheeting colour (D 65 light source) 
 
 
 
4.1.3.4 Reflection characteristics 
4.1.3.4.1 Coefficient of retro-reflection 
The coefficient of retro-reflection(R') of the retro-reflective sh eeting (direction of 0o and 90o) 
shall not be less than the values set out in Table 2. 
  
 
4.1.3.4.2 Uniformity of retro-re flection characteristics 
Select 5 each of the red and white elements arbitrar ily, in which the coefficient of retro-reflection 
(R') of any one element of the same colour, shall be neither less than 80% nor greater than 120% of 
the mean value of the coefficients of retro-reflec tion of the entire elements with the same colour. 
4.1.3.4.3 Retro-reflection under humid conditions 
When the observing angle is 12', the incident angle is -4o, the coefficient of retro-reflection (R') of 
the retro-reflective sheeting in humid  conditions shall not be less than  80% of the values set out in 
Table 2. 
4.1.3.5 Weather resistance characteristics 
After the atmospheric exposure test  and accelerated artificial weat hering test, the surface of the 
retro-reflective sheeting shall not have any noticeable cracks, scratches, hollowing, bubbles, 
wrinkles, corrosion, peeling, pul verisation or deformation, on no side shall there be over 1mm 
shrinkage or expansion, and there shall be no de -gumming from baseboard edges; if the observing 
angle is 12' and the incident angle is -4o, the coefficient of re tro-reflection (R') of the retro-reflective 
sheeting shall not be less than 70%  of the values set out in Table 2 and the chromaticity coordinates 
shall still be in the range of  values set out in Table 1. 
In cases in which there are discrepancies between the results of the atmospheric exposure test and 
the results of the accelerated artificial weathering test, take the result from the atmospheric exposure 
test as the reference. 
4.1.3.6 Adhesive characteristics 
After the adhesiveness test, the 180o peel strength of the adhesive  layer of the retro-reflective 
sheeting shall not be smaller than 25N. 
4.1.3.7 Salt mist corrosion re sistance characteristics 
After the salt mist test, the retro-reflective sh eeting shall not be softened, bubbled, wrinkled, 
dissolved, shall not lose its colour  or change in colour or show any signs of corrosion. Under the 
circumstance of observing angle is 12', incident angle is -4o, the coefficient of retro-reflection (R') 
of the retro-reflective sheeting shall not be less th an 70% of the values set out in Table 2, and the 
 180o peel strength of the adhesive layer of the retro-reflective sh eeting measured with the method 
specified in 5.2.7 shall not be smaller than 20N. 
4.1.3.8 Solvent resistance characteristics 
After the solvent resistance test, the surface of th e retro-reflective sheeting shall not be softened, 
wrinkled, shall not have bubbles, sha ll not lose its colour or change  in colour, there shall be no 
cracks or signs of dissolution on the surface edges, if the observing angle is 12', incident angle is -4
o, the coefficient of retro-reflecti on (R') of the retro-re flective sheeting shall not be less than 80% 
of the values set out in Table 2, and the chromaticit y coordinate shall still be  in the range  of values 
set out in Table 1. 
4.1.3.9 Impact resistance characteristics 
After the falling-weight test, on the surface of the retro-reflective sheeting, the areas outside of the 
circle which with the impact point as the circle centre with a 6mm radius, there shall be no cracks, 
interlayer detachment or any other damage. 
4.1.3.10 Temperature resistance characteristics 
After the temperature resistance test, there shall be no wrinkles, bubbles, cracks, peeling, 
fragmentation or any signs of warping on the retr o-reflective sheeting, when the observing angle is 
12', incident angle is -4o, the coefficient of retro- reflection (R') of the retro-reflective sheeting shall 
not be less than 80% of the values set out in Table 2, and the chromaticity coordi nate shall still be in 
the range of values set out in Table 1. 
4.1.3.11 Bending resistance characteristics 
After the bending test, there shall be  no cracks, peeling, or  any signs of interlay er detachment on the 
retro-reflective sheeting. 
4.1.3.12 Water resistance characteristics 
After the water resistance test, none of the compone nts shall be able to peeled open by hand. If, by 
performing a visual inspection, it ca nnot be found or be certain if th ere any water has entered, then 
the measurement of the coefficient of retro-reflecti on (R') shall be taken; when the observing angle 
is 12' and incident angle is -4o, the result shall not be less than the values set out in Table 2. 
4.1.3.13 Flushing resistance characteristics  
After the flushing resistance test, there shall be no damage, colour-falling, wrinkles and edge 
bending or peeling of the retro-reflective sheeting. 
4.2 Installation and pasting requirements 
4.2.1 Common requirements 
4.2.1.1  On the basis of different locations where the retro-reflective mark ings of carriage are 
installed or pasted on the vehicle,  the retro-reflective markings of carriage can be divided as rear 
retro-reflective markings of carriage and si de retro-reflective markings of carriage. 
4.2.1.2  The retro-reflective markings of carriage shall be installed or pasted on the outer surface of 
the rear and sides of the vehicle,  where they are not covered and where they are clearly visible. 
4.2.1.3  The retro-reflective markings of carriage shall not replace the retro-reflector specified in GB 
4785, the device which is required to be installed on motor vehicle.  
4.2.1.4  At the rear or sides of the vehicle, differ ent types or different classifications of retro-
reflective markings of carriage may be installed or pasted, but for th e rear and sides of the vehicle, 
the same type or classification of retro-reflective markings of carriage should be selected  respectively.  
4.2.1.5  When installing or pasting the retro-reflective markings of carriage ont o a vehicle, the retro-
reflective markings of carriage for the rear of the ve hicle and the sides of the vehicle shall both start 
and end with a white element. 
4.2.1.6  Retro-reflective markings of carriage that have been installed or pasted onto a vehicle shall 
not affect the performances of ot her lighting or signalling devices. 
4.2.1.7  After the vehicle been installed or pasted w ith retro-reflective mark ings of carriage, any 
drilling or grooving on the retro-reflective mark ings of carriage shall not be permitted. 
4.2.2 Requirements for the installation and pasting of retro-reflective mark ings of carriage at 
the rear  of a vehicle  
4.2.2.1 General requirements 
Under permissible circumstances from the structure,  the retro-reflective mark ings of carriage on the 
rear of the vehicle shall be arra nged as bilateral symmetry, and shal l reflect the rear width and the 
outline of the vehicle as much as possible. The total length (intermission parts are excluded) for horizontal installation or pasting of  the retro-reflective markings of carriage shall not be shorter than 
80% of the vehicle rear width. Fo r vans, after meeting the aboveme ntioned requirements, the retro-
reflective markings of carriage shall show the outlin e of the carriage rear. For other vehicles, if the 
pasting area does not meet the stipulated requiremen ts, first reflect the outline of the rear of the 
vehicle, and then use the outlin e showing method to make up. 
The height from the retro-reflective markings of  carriage to the ground shall be at least 380mm.  
4.2.2.2 Retro-reflective sheeting type 
When Class I retro-reflective sheeting is selected, th en the total area of the retro-reflective sheeting 
and the rear reflector shall not be less than 0.1m
2; when Class II retro-reflective sheeting is selected, 
then the total area of the retro- reflective sheeting and the rear re flector shall not be less than 0.2m2. 
Pasting break-off is permitted, but each continuous section shall not be shorter than 300mm, and 
shall contain at least one each element of red and white retro-reflective markings of carriage. Under 
special circumstances, red and white elements pasted separately shall be permitted; however, these 
red and white elements should be arranged alterna tively, and each continuous section shall not be 
shorter than 150mm. 
4.2.2.3 Retro-reflector type 
When a retro-reflector is selecte d, the retro-reflector shall be arra nged horizontally, with the red and 
white elements arranged alternatively and with a balanced number of el ements. The gap between 
the edges of any two adjacen t retro-reflectors shall not  be greater than 100mm. 
4.2.2.4  If the retro-reflective markings of carriag e are covered up, as a minimum a piece of 2000 
mm x 150 mm flexible marking shall be horizontally fixed at the cove red rear part of the vehicle. 
4.2.3  Requirements for the installation and pasting of  retro-reflective markings of carriage on 
the sides of a vehicle  
4.2.3.1 General requirements 
The retro-reflective markings of carriage on the side s of a vehicle shall be installed or pasted as 
continuously as possible; where break-off instal lation or pasting are a dopted, the total length 
(intermission part is excluded) shall not be shorter than 50% of the vehicle length; if the installation 
or pasting length does not meet the stipulated requirements, th e outline showing method shall be 
adopted to make up.  4.2.3.2 Retro-reflective sheeting type 
When retro-reflective sheeting is selected, breaks-o ff at the sides of retro-reflective markings of 
carriage are permitted, but each of the continuous section lengths shall not be shorter than 300mm and shall contain at least one of each element of re d and white retro-reflective markings of carriage. 
The gaps between the pastings sh all not be wider than 100mm, and the pastings shall be arranged 
vertically and as evenly as possible. Under spec ial circumstances, the red and white elements are 
permitted to be pasted separately, but the alternative arrangement of red and white elements shall be maintained, and the length of each continuous section shall not be shorter than 150mm. 
4.2.3.3 Retro-reflector type 
When a retro-reflector is selecte d, the retro-reflector shall be hor izontally and evenly arranged, the 
red and white elements shall be  alternatively arranged and th e number of elements shall be 
balanced. The gap between the edges of any two adj acent retro-reflectors shall not be greater than 
150mm. 
4.2.3.4  If the retro-reflective markings of carriag e are covered up, as a minimum a piece of 2000 
mm x 150 mm flexible marking shall be horizontally fixed at the cove red rear part of the vehicle. 
4.2.4 Supplementary requirements for installation a nd pasting for typical operational vehicles 
For certain typical operational vehicles, with the exception of the driver's cab, where there is no 
other continuous plane on the vehicle body, and th e requirements set out in 4.2.2 cannot be met, 
then the total length of the retro-reflective markings of carriage installed or pa sted on the rear of the 
vehicles is permitted to be shorter than 80% of the r ear width of the vehicle, but shall reflect the rear 
width of the vehicle as much as possible; if the requirements set out in 4.2.3 cannot be met, then the 
total length of the retro-reflective markings of carriage pasted on the vehicle can be shorter than 50% of the vehicle length; they sh all not, however, be shorter than 30%  of the length of the vehicle, 
and the break-off intermi ssion shall not be limited. 
The retro-reflective markings of carriage for this type  of vehicle shall be pasted as best as possible 
on the protective equipment or on the fixed components of the vehicles. 
4.2.5 Other installation or pasting requirements 
The pasting position of the retro-reflective markings of carriage on a vehicle shall be the most level 
location possible. Before pasting, a cleaning treatment of the pasti ng location shall be carried out. 
The retro-reflective sheeting shall be pasted on th e vehicle surface firmly and reliably. After being 
pasted onto the vehicle, the shee ting shall be coordina ted with the appearance of the vehicle and, 
where permitted by the vehicle structure, shall be pasted  horizontally or vertically as far as possible. 
If the retro-reflective shee ting cannot be pasted directly onto th e surface of the vehicle, then the 
retro-reflective sheeting shall be pasted onto a bar- shaped board with a certain stiffness, strength, 
and anti-ageing ability, then this bar-shaped board shall be firmly pasted or  attached to the body of 
the vehicle. The riveting holes for fixing the bar-sh aped board shall be subj ect to water resistance 
and dust resistance measures. 
After pasting, the retro-reflective sheeting edges shall be subject to  treatment for water resistance 
and dust resistance. 
4.2.6 Pasting example 
Appendix A shows the pasting styles of retro-refl ective sheeting for some typical vehicles. For the 
installation or pasting of a retro-reflector onto a vehicle, refer to these examples.  5 Test methods 
5.1 Retro-reflector type 
The characteristics test for retro-reflectors shal l be conducted in accordance with the requirements 
specified in GB 11564. 
5.2 Retro-reflective sheeting type 
5.2.1 Test preparation 
The test sample of the retro-re flective sheeting shall be construc ted as per the following method: 
peel the anti-stick paper off the re tro-reflective sheeting, and stick th e sheeting onto a base-board of 
the same size; after being pressed down tight to make it stick firmly, the test sample is made. The base-board shall be an aluminiu m alloy board with a thickness of 2 mm, and the surface of the 
aluminium alloy board shall be alkaline degrea sing treated. Under normal conditions, cut out a 
piece of 50 mm x 150 mm of the retr o-reflective sheeting sample, special dimension requirements 
are checked on specific test items. See Table 3 for sample numbering and sample distribution. 
The test sample shall be left in an e nvironment with a temperature range of 23
oC ± 5oC, and where 
the relative humidity is not gr eater than 75% for 24 hours, after which the tests can be conducted. 
Unless specially indicated, otherwis e general tests shall be conducted in such environment with the 
temperature range of 23oC ± 5oC, where the relative humidity is not greater than 75%. 
5.2.2 Appearance inspection 
In an indoor (or outdoor) environm ent with a luminance intensity th at is greater than 150lx, at a 
location that is 0.3m ~ 0.5m away from the surface of the test sample, faci ng the sample, perform a 
visual inspection to check the sample. 
5.2.3 Dimension measurement 
Use a length gauge with a precision of 1mm to measure the dimensions of the retro-reflective 
markings of carriage. 
5.2.4 Chromaticity characteristics test 
When illuminated with the Standard luminance D65 light source (colour temperature is 6,500k) 
specified in GB/T3978, under the geometry conditions of 45o /0o or 0o /45o, in accordance with the 
method specified in GB/T 3979, measure the chromatic ity coordinate and the luminance factor of 
each colour. 
5.2.5 Reflection characteristics test 
5.2.5.1 Test theory and equipment 
See Diagram 1 and Diagram 5 in GB/T 18833-2002 for the test theory and equipment, in which: 
a) the Standard light source A specified in GB/T 397 8 shall be selected as the test light source, 
the unevenness of the vertical luminance on the entire illuminated area of the test sample 
shall not be gr eater than 5%; 
b) the light detector is the luxmeter which has b een corrected by spectral luminous efficiency 
curve; 
c) the light detector shall be por table in order to ensure the change of the observing angle 
within a certain range. 
  5.2.5.2 Test method 
According to the luminance viewing geometry conditions set out in Table 1, and in accordance with 
the method specified in Section 7.4.1 of GB/T18833-2002, take the meas urements of the coefficient 
of retro-reflection (R') on the directions of 0o and 90o. Evenly select at least 5 measuring zones or 
measuring points per each colour element; the mean  value calculated shall be the coefficient of 
retro-reflection (R') of that colo ur element on the directions of 0o and 90o. 
5.2.5.3 Retro-reflection uniformity test 
In accordance with the previously mentioned method, if the observing angle is 12' and the incident 
angle is -4o, test the coefficient of retro-reflection (R')  of 5 red, white elements and calculate the 
mean value of the coefficient of retro-reflec tion (R') of the entire same colour elements. 
5.2.5.4 Retro-reflection test under humid conditions 
Conduct the test in accordance with the equipment and methods specified in Section 7.4.2 of GB/T 
18833-2002. 
5.2.6 Weather resistance test 
5.2.6.1 Atmospheric exposure test 
According to GB/T3681, install 2 test samples of both red and white elemen ts on the sun-scorching 
frame, which is at least 1m height from the gr ound, with the test samples facing south and forming 
an angle of 45o with horizontal plane. The surface of the test  sample shall not be sheltered from the 
sun by any other articles, shall not be able to gather  water, the exposure location selected shall be as 
similar as possible to the actual operating envir onment or a place which can represent the most 
difficult type of weather. 
The period of atmospheric exposure te st shall be 2 years. After the te st sample has been scorched in 
the sun, carry out one surface check every month. After one year, carry out surface checking every 
three months, until the test is complete. After th e atmospheric exposure test is complete, check and 
record the test results. 
5.2.6.2 Accelerated artificial weathering test 
Place 2 test samples of both red and white elemen ts into a weather ageing chamber. The chamber 
uses a xenon lamp as its light source; the front of  the test samples shall be radiated by light with 
300nm - 800nm wavelength, and the radi ation intensity shall be 1000W/m2 + 50W/m2. When the 
wavelength of the light is lower than 300nm, then the radiation inte nsity of the light  shall not be 
greater than 1W/m2. Within the overall area of the test sample, the deviation of the radiation 
intensity shall not be greater than 10%. During the test proce ss, use continuous lighting, the 
temperature of the black-board shall be 63oC± 3oC, the relative humidity sh all be (50±5) %, and the 
water spray cycle shall be 18mi n/102min (water spray time /non-water spray time). The length of 
time taken for the accelerated artificial  weathering test shall be 1200 hours. 
After the accelerated artificial w eathering test is complete, use a hydrochloric acid solution with a 
concentration of 5% to clean the sample surface for 45s, then use clean water to rinse the sample 
completely and wipe it dry with  a piece of clean soft cloth. Af ter leaving the sample in an 
environment with a temperature of 20oC± 5oC and relative humidity not greater than 65% for 24 
hours, and then re-examine the sample and record the test results. 
5.2.7 Adhesiveness test 
5.2.7.1 Samples 
Cut out each of the red and white retro-reflec tive sheeting for 50mm x 150mm, peel off 100mm 
length of anti-stick paper, and paste on baseboa rd as stipulated in 5.2.1. After treatment in  accordance with the requirements speci fied in 5.2.1, carry out the test. 
5.2.7.2 Test method 
Firmly fix the test sample onto the tensile testing machine, and clip the retro-reflective sheeting at 
the part where the anti-stick paper is still on with the clip of the te nsile testing machine, enabling it 
to make an angle of 180oC with the base-board. The load distri buted on the sample width shall be 
even. Then, measure the peel strength of the adhe sive layer of the retro-reflective sheeting with a 
rate of 300mm/min. 
5.2.8 Salt mist corrosion test 
5.2.8.1 Samples 
According to 5.2.1, make 2 test samples of both red and white elements. 
Next, cut out 50mm x 150mm each of the red and white retro-reflective sheeting, peel off 100mm 
length anti-stick paper, and paste onto the base-board as stipulated in 5.2.1.  
5.2.8.2 Test requirements 
In accordance with the requirements specified in GB/T 2423.17, dissolve pure chemical sodium 
chloride into distilled water, and make it to (5 ±0.1)% (mass percentage) sodium chloride solution; 
the PH value shall be be tween the range of 6.5- 7.2 (35oC ± 2oC ). Make this so lution continuously 
atomising inside the salt-mist chamber; the salt-mist precipitation sh all be (1.0-2.0)ml/(h.80cm2), 
inside the chamber, the temperature shall be maintained at 35oC ±2oC. Place the test samples in the 
salt-mist chamber and make an angle of 30o between the test surface a nd the vertical direction - 
there shall be a certain gap betw een any two adjacent samples - the row spacing shall not be smaller 
than 10cm. The test sample shall be continuously exposed in the salt-mist environment for 10 test 
cycles; for each cycle, continuously spray salt-mis t for 23 hours, then dry for 1 hour. The test shall 
be completed during the drying stage. After the test  is completed, use running water to gently clean 
the salt precipitation articles off the sample surf aces, then use distilled water to rinse again, the 
temperature of the rinse water shall not exceed 35oC, then leave the samples in room temperature to 
recover for 2 hours, then examin e and record the test results. 
5.2.9 Solvent resistance test 
Soak the test sample boards into No 93 lead-free ga soline, No 0 diesel oil and motor vehicle engine 
lubricants respectively. Remove the samples after 15minutes, wipe dry, and leave the samples at 
room temperature to recover for 2 hours, th en examine and record the test results. 
5.2.10 Falling-weight test 
Place each of the red and white test samples horiz ontally on a steel board of 20mm thickness, with 
the front of the test samples fa cing upwards. From 2m above the to p of the samples, allow a solid 
steel ball of 0.25kg mass to fall freely and dash agains t the centre part of th e test sample. Check and 
record the test results. 
5.2.11 Temperature resistance test 
Place each of the red and white test samples into an environment with a temperature of 70oC± 2oC 
for 24 hours. Remove the samples and leave in an environment with a temperature of 20oC± 5oC for 
2 hours to recover, then place the samples into an environmen t with a temperature of -40oC± 3oC 
for 24 hours. Remove the samples, leave in an environment with a temperature of 20oC± 5oC for 2 
hours to recover again, then check  and record th e test results. 
5.2.13 Bending test 
Cut out each of the red and white element retro- reflective sheeting of 25mm x 150mm, peel off the  anti-stick paper, and spray a sufficient layer of ta lcum powder onto the surface of the adhesive layer. 
Revolve the sample 90o round onto a round stick with a diameter  of 3.2mm,and make the adhesive 
layer of the sample touch the outer surface of the round stick, then release the sample and check and 
record the test results. 
5.2.13 Water soaking test 
Soak each of the red and white test sample s in water with a temperature range of 50oC±  5oC for 
24hours, the highest point on the upper reflective su rface shall be 20mm underneath the water, turn 
the test sample over 180oC, soak again for 24 hours, then rem ove and check the sample and record 
the test results. 
5.2.14 Flushing resistance test 
5.2.14.1 Sample 
Paste 50mm x 1000mm red and white alternativel y arranged retro-reflective sheeting onto the 
centre location of the painted surf ace of a steel board; the dimensi on of the steel board shall be 
1200mm x 500mm x 2mm, the thickne ss of the coating on the stee l board shall be 45µm - 55µm. 
Conduct the test after the sample has been placed in the environm ent specified in 5.2.1 for 24 hours. 
5.2.14.2 Test method 
Use a high pressure water gun to flush the sample from all angles. The spray pressure of the water 
gun shall be 5MPa, the flushing distance 1m, and the flushing time 10 minutes. Check the sample 
after the test. 
6 Inspection rules 
6.1 Types of inspection   
Types of inspections of retro-re flective markings for carriages ar e divided as inspection for type 
approval and inspection for conformity of production. 
 The inspection for type approval and inspection for conformity of  production for retro-reflectors 
shall be conducted in accordance wi th the provisions specified in GB11564; the inspection for type 
approval and inspection for conf ormity of production for retro- reflective sheeting shall be 
conducted in accordance with the provisions below. 
6.2 Inspection for type approval 
6.2.1 The requirements of inspection for type approval 
The inspection for type approval shall be conducted in the following circumstances: 
− Trial production for new design product; 
− Change in production line or factory; 
− If production is disconti nued then restarted; 
− If major changes are made to stru ctures, materials or technology; 
− Every two years after normal production; 
− Contracts, agreements etc. 
  6.2.2 Sample requirements 
Retro-reflective markings of carriage having no differences in factors such as product type, 
trademark, luminous intensity, chromaticity intensity  and specific materials, geometric dimensions, 
product structures, shall be re garded as the same type of  retro-reflective markings. 
Select 50mm x 5000mm retro-reflective markings of carriage from the same type as the sample; the 
sample shall contain both red and white elements. 
6.2.3 Inspection items, methods 
See Table 3 for inspection items, requirements, te st methods, sample numbe ring and distribution for 
inspection for type approval. 
 
6.3 Inspection for conformity of production 
For products that have qualified th e inspection for type approval, th e samples selected at random 
from mass-production shall be used to determin e the conformity of production thereof. The 
materials, structures and dimensions shall confor m to the specifications in the drawings which are 
used to apply for the inspection. 
Select samples not less than 50mm x 5000mm at random (include both red and white elements) 
from at least 50mm x 10000mm (shall include bot h red and white elements) retro-reflective 
sheeting. The inspection items fo r checking the conformity of production shall include, as a 
minimum, aspects such as appearance, chromaticity  characteristics, reflection characteristics, 
adhesiveness characteristics, solvent resist ance characteristics, temperature resistance 
characteristics etc. The test for weather resist ance characteristics must be conducted every four 
years, and the test re sults must conform to the correspondi ng requirements set out in Clause 4. 
 7 Packaging and labelling  
7.1 Packaging 
The packaging box for the materials of retro-reflec tive markings for carriage  shall conform to the 
requirements of humidity resi stance and dust resistance. 
7.2 Labelling 
The following contents shall be clear ly indicated on the packaging box: 
1) Product name, product standard number, trademark; 
2) Name of manufacturer, detailed address; 
3) Specification, type, grade, classifi cation and quantity of the product; 
1) Production date, batch number. 
7.3 User manual and qualification certificate 
There shall be a user manual written  in Chinese, and qualification cer tificate in the single packaging 
box. 
   Appendix A 
(Normative Annex) 
 
Pasting Examples of Retro-reflective Sheeting Materials for Part of Typical Vehicle Types