GCC Standardization Organization (GSO )  
 
 
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 1  
 
 
 
 
Draft : Final  
(GSO Update 1374 /2002 )  
GSO 1374/2008  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 2  
Edible Casein and Caseinates  
 
 
 
 
 
Prepared by:  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 3 The Gulf Technical Committee for Specifications Relating to Food & Products 
from the Agricultural  Sector  
(17/12/2007)  
 
 
 
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 4 This document is a draft of a  specific  GCC Standard Specification that was 
distributed . This draft aims  to respond to the opinions and notes contained in 
the original specification  and alleviate  any concerns. As such,  it is liable to 
change and  may not be considered a GCC Standard Specification until it has 
been  accredited by the GSO Board.  
 
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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Preamble  
 
 
 
The GCC Standardization Organization (GSO) is a regional organi sation that 
consists of the GCC Member  States ’ National Standards Bo dies. One of its main GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 6 functions is to issue Gulf regulations relating  to standards through speciali sed 
technical committees (TCs).  
 
 
The GSO has updated all the GCC Standardization Specification s under N o GSO 
1374/2002 , "Edible Casein and Caseinates", as part of  the technical committee 
working program me No (TC  5), "The Gulf Technical Committee for 
Specifications Relating to  Food & Products from the Agricultural Sector". The 
State of Kuwait has drafted th is Specification.  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 7  
 
This Specification has been accr edited as a GCC (Standard 
Specification/Technical List) at the Organi zation board meeting No             (                
) held on            /       /         hijri, the equ ivalent of                              /       /          , and 
shall replace and  supersede GSO Standard No                                   (      /     )                                  
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 10  
Edible Casein and Caseinates  
 
1) Scope and Field of Application  
 
This Spe cification relates  to edible acid casein , edible  rennet  casein  and edible 
caseinates  prepared for direct consumption or other uses as set out in sub -
paragraph (3) herein.  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 11 2) Complementary References  
 
2.1 GCC Specification No  GSO 9 , "Packed Food Item Cards".  
 
2.2 GCC Specification No GSO 569 , "Sampling Procedu res for Milk and 
 Dairy Products".  
 
2.3 GCC Specification No GSO 570 , "Chemical & Physical Procedures for  
 Test ing Milk".  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 12  
2.4 GCC Specification No GSO 571 , "Microbiological Testing of Liquid 
 Milk".  
 
2.5 GCC Specification No GSO 21 , "Hygiene Conditions for Food Plants 
 and Staff".  
 
2.6 GCC Specification No GSO 20 "Assessment Methods for Mineral 
 Pollutants in Food Goods ".  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 13  
2.7 GCC Specification No GSO 839 , "Food Product Containers – Part 1: 
 General Conditions".  
 
2.8 GCC Specification accredited by the r elevant organisation, relating to  
 "Hygiene  Conditions for Produc ing Milk".  
 
2.9 GCC Specification No GSO 1016 , "Microbiological Limits for Food   Goods  
– Part 1".  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 14  
2.10  GCC Specification No GSO 988 , "Permitted Levels of Radioactiv ity in  
 Food  Goods ".  
 
2.11 GCC Specification No GSO 382 , "Maximum Permitted Levels  of 
 Pesticides in Foods and Agricultural Products – Part 1".  
 
2.12  GCC Specification No GSO 383 , "Maximum Permitted Levels  of 
 Pesticides in Foods and Agricultural Products – Part 2".  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 15  
2.13  GCC S pecification No  GSO 841 , "Maximum Permitted Levels  of  Micro -
toxins  in Foods and Fodder – Aflatoxins".  
 
3) Definitions  
 
3.1 Edible Acid Casein : This  is a milk product obtained from cross -linking , 
centrifuging  and dehydrating  rennet  with  acidic  precipitati on that 
exists in fat -free milk and/or other dairy products.    GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 16  
3.2 Edible Rennet Casein : The milk produced from cross -linking, 
centrifug ing and dehydrating fat-free milk and/or other dairy products. 
Thrombus  is attained through the interaction of rennet  or other cheese 
processing enzymes.  
 
3.3 Edible Caseinates: The milk pr oduced from the interaction of edible 
acid caseinates  or thrombus of the edible caseinates  cheese  with 
neutrali sing agents , followed by dehydration.  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 17  
 
4. Basic Structure and Quality F actors:  
 
4.1 Raw Materials:  Fat-free milk and/or other dairy products.  
 
4.2 Permitted Additives:  
 
• Non -spoilage  lactic acid bacteria.  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 18 • Cheese processing or other enzymes.  
• Drinking water.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 19  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 20 4.3 Components : 
Components of Caseinates and Edible Caseinates  
  
Components  Nutrient  
Acidic Casein  Nutrient  
Abomasums  Casein  Edible Caseinates  
Humidity (Max)%Mass/Mass  12 12 12 
Protein on basis of dry  
weight (Min)%  90 84 88 
Fat on basis of dry  
weight (Max)%Mass/Mass  2 2 2 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 21 Lactose on basis of dry  
weig ht (Max) %Mass/Mass  1 1 1 
Ash (Pentagonal  
Phosphoric  Acid) %Mass/Mass  2.5 (Max)  7.5 (Max)   
Hydrogen  Exponent PH (Max)  - - 8 
Casein in Protein  %Mass/  
Mass (Min)  95 95 95 
Precipitates  22.5 mlg/25g  15 mlg/25g  22.5  mg/25  g (sprinkler -
dried)  
81.5 mg/25 g  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 22 (cylinder -dried)  
 
a) Water percentage does not include  the volume of water produced  from 
lactose crystalli sation.  
b) Protein percentage is 6.38 ×specified kjeldahl nitrogen.  
c) Despite the fact that products may consist  of hydrant lactose and 
monohydric  lactose, non-hydrant lactose  is present which accounts for  
95% of the 100 monohydric lactose  particles .  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 23  
5. Requirements:  
 
The product must comply with the following : 
 
5.1 Must be completely free from  pork products and derivatives.  
 
5.2 Raw materials used i n its production must co mply with  the relevant 
 GCC standard specifications.  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 24  
5.3 Must comply with  all the hygiene  rules and conditions stipulated in the 
GCC standard specifications  set out  in sub -paragraphs 2.3 +  2.8.  
 
5.4 Must possess an acceptable odo ur and be free of any alien flavo urs and 
odours.  
 
5.5 The colo ur must range between white and off -white.  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 25 5.6 Must not consist of any lumps which cannot be broken under minimal 
 pressure.  
 
5.7 25 kg of the product m ust be free from  any alien substances.   
 
5.8 The maximum level  of precipitates (burnt particles) is 22.5 mg/25  g of 
the product for sprinkler -dried, and 32.5 mg/10  g for cylinder -dried.  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 26 5.9 Casein and edible caseinates characteristics must be as set out  in 
 table  No 1.  
 
5.10  The percentage  of p ollutant  mineral components must not exceed the 
level stated next to  each item below  (figures shown  in million s): 
 
Copper   5 
Lead   1 
Iron   20 (Sprinkler -dried)  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 27   50 (Cylinder -dried)  
 
5.11  Provision must be made for  the following items  to be added , only wh en 
 different types of caseinates  are produced : 
 
International No.  Additive  Maximum Limit  
Acidity Regulators  
E 261 (i)  Potassium acetate  
E 262 (i)  Sodium acetate   
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 28 E 263  Calcium acetate  
E 32 5  Sodium lactate  
E 326  Potassium lactate  
E 327  Calcium lactate  
E 328  Ammonium lactate  
E 329  Magnesium lactate (DL -)  
Specified according to the goods being 
produced   
 
 
 
 
E 452   
Polyphosphate  5 g/kg alone  or combined  in the form of 
P2O5  
(Total volume of P2O5 must not exceed 10 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 29 g/Kg)  
Neutrali sing Agents  
E 331  Sodium citrates  
E 332  Potassium citrates  
E 333  Calcium citrates  
E 345  Magnesium citrates  
E 380  Ammonium citrates   
 
Specified according to the goods being  
produc ed  
 
E 339  Sodium phosphates  
E 340  Potassium phosphates   
10 g/ kg alone or combined  in  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 30 E 341  Calcium phosphates  
E 342  Ammonium phosphates  
E 343  Magnesium phosphates  the form o f P2O5 
(Total volume of P2O5 must not exceed 10 
g/Kg)  
E 170  Calcium carbonates  
E 500  Sodium carbonates  
E 501  Potassium carbonates  
E 503  Ammonium carbonates  
E 504  Magnesium carbonates  
E 525  Potassium hydroxide   
 
 
 
Specified according to the g oods being 
produc ed  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 31 E 526  Calcium hydroxide  
E 527  Ammonium hydroxide  
E 528  Magnesium hydroxide   
Emulsifier Agents  
E 322  Lecithin   
E 471  Mon o- & di -glycerides of  
fatty acid  Specified according to the g oods being  
produc ed  
Bulking Agents  
E 325  Sodium lactate  Specified according to the g oods being  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 32 produc ed  
Anti -Caking Agents  
E 170 (i)  Calcium carbonate  
E 341 (iii)  Tricalcium orthophosphate  
E 343 (iii)  Trimagnesium orthophosphate  
E 460  Cellulose  
E 504 (i)  Magnesium carbonate  
E 530  Magnesium oxide  
E 551  Silicon dioxide, Amorphous   
 
 
 
 
 
10 g/ kg alone  or combined  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 33 E 552  Calcium silicates  
E 553  Magnesium silicates  
E 554  Sodium aluminosilicate  
E 556  Calcium aluminium  silicate  
E 559  Aluminium  silicate  
E 1442  Hydroxypropyl distach phosphates (Total volume of P2O5 must not exceed 10 
g/kg) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 34  
 
 
 
 
Acids deployed in the precipitation process:  
  
Internationa l 
 No. Acid Name   GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 35 E 260  Acetic acid, glacial  
E 270  Lactic acid (L -, D-, and DL -) 
E 330  Citric acid 
E 338  Orthophosphoric acid  
E 507  Hydrochloric acid 
E 513  Sulphuric acid   
 
Specified according to the g oods 
being p roduc ed  
 
 
 
 
Supplementary Agents for Improving the Thrombus Process  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 36 E 509  Calcium chloride   
 
5.12  Microbiological l evels for  the product must correspond to the GCC  
 standard specifications set out  in sub -paragraph 2.9.  
 
5.13  The level of radioactivity in  the product must corresp ond to the GCC 
 standard s pecifications set out  in sub -paragraph 2.10.  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 37 5.14  The level of pollutant minerals must correspond to the GCC standard 
 specifications set out  in sub -paragraph 2.6.  
 
5.15  Pesticide deposits must correspond to the GCC standard spec ifications 
 set out in sub -paragraphs 2.11 & 2.12.  
 
5.16  The m aximum permitted level of fungi in food and fodder (aflatoxins ) 
 must correspond to the specification set out  in sub -paragraph 2.13.  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 38 6) Sampling  
 
Samples are taken  according to the GCC stand ard specification set out in sub -
paragraph 2.2.  
 
7) Testing  Methods  
 
All the necessary tests must be conducted on the sample that is extracted 
according to paragraph 5 hereinabove , in order to determine the level of GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 39 conformity for the product with respect  to the requirements set out in th is 
GCC specification in sub -paragraphs 2.3, 2.4  and  2.6.  
 
8) Pack aging  
 
Without prejudice  to the GCC standard specification set out  in sub -paragraph 
(2.7) , the product packaging must meet the following requirements:  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 40 8.1 The product must be packed in appropriate hygienic containers that 
are tightly sealed in order to  protect against  contamination and damage . This 
shall not prejudice the product  and  consumer health requirements  shall not 
be affected .  
 
9) Transportation an d Storage  
 
In order to prevent contamination or damage,  the temperature during 
transportation and storage of the product must not exceed 25oC.  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 41  
10) Labelling  
 
Without prejudice to the re ference s set out  in sub -paragraph 2.1 of th is GCC 
specification, the  labels on containers must indicate  the following:   
 
10.1  The product name as specified  in paragraph 3, in addition to the drying 
 process (sprinkler or cylinders).  
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 42 10.2  Agent percentages.  
 
10.3  The sal t content  must be specified  for caseinates.  
 
10.4  The term “Mixture” must be indicated  on the container i f the product is 
a mix of casein products . Details must also be given  as regards  the type 
of mixture ( casein – caseinates ).  
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 45 Technical Terms  
 
 
Edible acid casein  
 
Edible rennet casein  
 
Edible caseinates  GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 46  
Sediment  
 
Neutrali sing agents  
 
 
 
 
 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
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 GCC Standard Specification                                GSO         /2007  
 
 
 
 50 References  
 
 
 
CODEX STANDARD FOR E DIBLE CASEIN PRODUCT S 
CODEX STANDARD A -18-1995 Rev.1-2001