WORLD TRADE  
ORGANIZATION  G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
25 September 2006 
 
 (06-4556) 
Committee on Safeguards Original:   Spanish 
  
 
NOTIFICATION UNDER ARTICLE 12.1(A) OF THE AGREEMENT ON 
SAFEGUARDS ON INITIATION OF AN INVESTIGATION 
AND THE REASONS FOR IT 
 
CHILE 
 
(Powdered milk, liquid milk and Gouda cheese) 
   The following communication, dated 14 September 2006, is being circulated at the request of 
the delegation of Chile. 
 
_______________ 
   Pursuant to Article 12.1(a) and Article 12.4 of the Agreement on Safeguards, Chile hereby 
informs the Committee on Safeguards that at its 279th meeting, held on 1 September, the investigating 
authority decided to initiate a safeguards inv estigation concerning imports of powdered milk, 
classified under the following tariff subheadings :  0402.1000, 0402.2111, 0402.2112, 0402.2113, 
0402.2114, 0402.2115, 0402.21 16, 0402.2117, 0402.2118, 0402 .2911, 0402.2912, 0402.2913, 
0402.2914, 0402.2915, 04 02.2916, 0402.2917 and 0402.2918;  liquid milk, classified under the 
following tariff subheadings:  0401.1000, 0401.2000, 0401.3010, 0401.3020, 0401.3030, 0401.3040, 
0401.3090 and 0402.9110;  and Gouda cheese, classified under tari ff subheading 0406.9010 in Chile's 
harmonized tariff.  The investigation was initiate d on 11 September 2004, date of publication in the 
Diario Oficial  (Official Journal) of Chile. 
 
1. Specify the date when the investigation was initiated. 
 
 The investigation was initiated on 8 September 2006.  The notice of initiation by the 
investigating authority  was published in Chile's Offici al Journal on 11 September 2006. 
 
2. Specify the product subject to the investigation. 
 
 Powdered milk, classified under the following  tariff subheadings:  0402.1000, 0402.2111, 
0402.2112, 0402.2113, 0402.21 14, 0402.2115, 0402.2116, 0402 .2117, 0402.2118, 0402.2911, 
0402.2912, 0402.2913, 0402.2914, 0402.2915, 0402.2916, 0402.2917 and 0402.2918;  liquid milk, classified under the following tariff subheadings :  0401.1000, 0401.2000, 0401.3010, 0401.3020, 
0401.3030, 0401.3040, 0401 .3090 and 0402.9110;  and Gouda cheese, classified under tariff 
subheading 0406.9010.  
3. Provide the reasons for the initiation of investigation. 
 
(i) The investigation was initiated at the request  of the National Milk Producers' Federation 
(FEDELECHE F.G), which filed a safeguard appli cation on 10 August 2006.  The application is 
supported by a representative proportion of the domestic industry. G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
Page 2  
 
   
 The claim is that the domestic industry is ma de up of the producers of farm-gate milk, liquid 
milk, powdered milk and Gouda cheese, insofar as:  (i ) farm-gate milk is in direct competition with 
powdered milk, since both are raw materials used in  manufacturing dairy products at a higher level of 
processing;  (ii) farm-gate milk is in direct competition with liquid milk and Gouda cheese, since 
industrial producers must decide either to obtai n farm-gate milk for producing these goods or to 
purchase processed liquid milk and Gouda cheese thr ough importation.  It was decided to exclude 
producers of powdered milk and liquid milk from th e investigation, since they are also major 
importers of the product that is the subject-matter of the application. 
 (ii) Evidence on the basis of which the investigation was initiated: 
 
 Analysis of imports
 
 
 Powdered milk  
 
 The volume of powdered milk imports increased  by around 35 per cent in the period January-
July 2005/2006, whereas in 2005 it had risen by 84 per cent over the previous year.  In the period 
January-July 2006, Argentina was the main source of  imports of powdered milk, with a share of 
70.3 per cent, followed by Uruguay (13.4 per cent) and the United States (11.3 per cent), all three 
sources collectively accounting for 95 pe r cent of powdered milk imports. 
 
 Liquid milk  
  In the period January-July 2006, the volume of liquid milk imports increased by 134.1 per cent compared with the same period in 2005.  Viewed from a longer-term perspective, import 
volumes have trended upwards over the past four year s, smaller amounts being recorded up to 2001.  
In the period January-July 2006, Argentina was the ma in source of imports of liquid milk, with a 
share of 85.4 per cent, followed by Uruguay (7.8 per cent) and Peru (6.7 per cent), all three sources collectively accounting for 99.8 per cent of liquid milk imports.   Gouda cheese
 
 
 Imports of Gouda cheese increased by 96.3 per cent in the first seven months of 2006 
compared with the same period in 2005.  An average increase in import volumes of 39.7 per cent has been recorded over the past four years.  In th e period January-July 2006, Argentina was the main 
source of imports of Gouda cheese, with a share of 93.8 per cent, followed by Brazil (5.4 per cent). 
 
 Threat of injury and causal link
 
 
 Farm-gate milk  
  In the period January-June 2005/2006, average prices in UF ( unidades de fomento  – Chilean 
inflation-indexed monetary units) fell by 0.7 per cent.   An increase of 11.4 per cent was noted in the 
period 2003/2004, but prices dropped by 0.1 per cen t in 2005 compared with the previous year. 
  The first six months of the year indicate that both production and delivery of farm-gate milk to dairy plants have expanded by 8.8 pe r cent in relation to the previous year. 
 
 A 19.3 per cent increase in total apparent consum ption of milk was recorded in the first half 
of 2006 compared with the same period in 2005, ma rked by increases in production and imports.  In 
2005, this variable rose by 3.7 per cent as compared with 2004.   G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
 Page 3 
 
 
   Gouda cheese  
  The domestic prices of Gouda cheese in UF increased by 5.4 per cent in the period January-July 2005/2006.  The prices rose by 0.6 per cent in  the period 2003/2004 and by 4.2 per cent in the 
period 2004/2005. 
 
 Production costs are claimed to have risen by 2.8 per cent in the period January-June 2005/2006, because of increases of 3.3 per cent in  the price of the raw material (farm-gate milk) 
and of 7.9 per cent in the cost of labour.  
 Production of Gouda cheese, estimated by the ap plicant as accounting for half of total cheese 
production, declined by 3 per cent in the period January-June 2006/2005, in contrast with the 10 per cent growth observed in the preceding two years.   Exports of Gouda cheese decreased by 42.5 per cent in the first half of 2006 compared with 
the same period in 2005.  Increases of 104.6 per cen t and 65.4 per cent had been recorded in 2004 and 
2005, respectively.   For the period January-June 2005/2006, apparent  consumption of Gouda cheese is claimed to 
have risen by 46.8 per cent, in contrast with prev ious annual variations, show ing a decline of 7.5 per 
cent and 0.2 per cent in 2005 and 2004, respectively. 
 
 As regards causal link
, the share of imports in apparent c onsumption of milk in the first half 
of 2006 amounted to 10.6 per cent, i.e. an incre ase over the same period in 2005, when it reached 
7.1 per cent.  Viewed from a longer-term perspect ive, the coefficient was 7.9 per cent in 2005 – 
higher than that recorded in 2004 (4.4 per cent) and lower than that noted in 2003 (11.1 per cent). 
 
 The linear correlation between the internationa l price of powdered milk and farm-gate milk 
was 0.74 in the period 2002/2006, namely lower than  the coefficient between the import price and the 
price of farm-gate milk (0.83).   The import price of powdered milk rose by 1. 8 per cent in the period January-July 2005/2006.  
A similar situation with rising prices occurred in  the period 2002/2005, the highest import price 
(2.27 dollars c.i.f./kg) being reached in 2005.  4. Provisional measure:   To date the investigating authority has not recommended the 
application of a provisional safeguard measure on im ports of powdered milk, liquid milk or Gouda 
cheese. 
 5. Proposed date of introduction of the measure:   Not applicable. 
 6. Expected duration of the measure:   Not applicable. 
 7. Provide the basis for: 
 
 (i) Making a preliminary determination, as pr ovided for in Article 6 of the Agreement on 
Safeguards, that increased imports are causi ng or threatening to cause serious injury: 
 
  See paragraph 3 above. 
 8. Other information  (as contained in the notice of the initiation of the investigation published 
in the Official Journal):  G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
Page 4  
 
   Period of the investigation
:  The final decision will be adopted within 90 days from the 
initiation of the investigation.   Findings relating to increased imports  causing or threatening to cause injury
:  Increase in 
absolute terms of imports of powdere d milk, liquid milk and Gouda cheese. 
 
 Public hearing :  To be held on 7 November 2006 at 10 a.m. at Agustinas 853, 12th floor, 
Santiago.  Parties wishing to appear at the heari ng should apply in writing to the Technical Secretariat 
up until the third working day prior to the date fixed for the hearing.  
 Any information which the interested parties may wish to submit in writing and any request 
for a hearing before the Commission that they may wish to put forward should be submitted within 
30 days following the initiation of this investigation to the Technical Secretariat at the following address:  Secretaría Técnica, Morandé 115, 3rd floor, Central Bank of Chile, tel. 6702866, 
fax 6702414. 
 
 If part of the information provided is of a c onfidential nature, the party concerned should give 
the grounds justifying confidentiality and furnish pu blic summaries of such information, which should 
be as detailed as possible.  This requirement is d esigned to secure transparency and due access by all 
the parties to the information relating to this i nvestigation.  If the summaries are not duly provided 
and in the absence of just cause,  the Commission may disregard the information deemed to be 
confidential. 
  Any additional information may be consulted at the Technical Secretariat.  G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
 Page 5 
 
 
  ANNEXES 
 
Table 1:  Volume of Powdered Milk Imports 
(Kg.) 
 
MONTH ARGENTINA BRAZIL CANADA UNITED 
STATES NEW 
ZEALAND URUGUAY ROW TOTAL 
         
2002  5,680,028  -  278,000  -  409,975  1,432,000  93,640  7,893,643 
2003  11,408,825  125,800  1,911,600  -  110,375  7,333,121  3,966,900  24,856,621 
2004  4,803,838  720,000  -  -  86,850  1,839,523  8,000  7,458,211 
2005  5,543,653  1,528,018  100,000  -  593,875  5,971,620  -  13,737,166 
Jan-July 05  2,775,670  -  -  -  41,425  4,481,072  -  7,298,167 
Jan-July 06  6,910,204  258,675  175,800  1,109,875  48,000  1,321,144  12,600  9,836,298 
         
Var. % 
03/02  100.9  -  587.6  -  -73.1  412.1  4,136.3  214.9 
Var. % 
04/03  -57.9  472.3  -100.0  -  -21.3  -74.9  -99.8  -70.0 
Var. % 
05/04  15.4  112.2  -  -  583.8  224.6  -100.0  84.2 
Var. % Jan 
– July 
06/05  149.0  -  -  -  15.9  -70.5  -  34.8 
(1) Includes tariff subheadings 0402.10;  0402.20  and 0402.29, excluding subheadings 0402.2120 and 0402.2920. 
Source :  Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by the National Customs Service. 
 
 
Table 2:  Volume of Liquid Milk Imports 
(Kg.) 
 
MONTH ARGENTINA NETHERLANDS PERU URUGUAY ROW TOTAL 
       
2002  -  -  860,023  489,456  13,259  1,362,738 
2003  -  -  1,035,105  226,800  588,431  1,850,335 
2004  4,238,496  5,371  1,028,664  909,510  152,041  6,334,082 
2005  5,981,793  39,192  1,173,960  1,569,224  2,282  8,766,451 
Jan-July 05  2,107,380  13,104  620,338  939,099  2,066  3,681,986 
Jan-July 06  7,360,844  12,965  577,146  669,293  163  8,620,410 
       
Var. % 
03/02  -  -  20.4  -53,7301.0  4,338.0  35.8 
Var. % 
04/03  -  -  -0.6  72.5  -74.2  242.3 
Var. % 
05/04  41.1  629.7  14.1  -28.7  -98.5  38.4 
Var. % 
Jan-July 
06/05  249.3  -1.1  -7.0   -92.1  134.1 
(1) Includes tariff heading 0401 and subheading 0402.9110. 
Source :  Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by the National Customs Service. 
 
 G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
Page 6  
 
  Table 3:  Volume of Gouda Cheese Imports 
(Kg.) 
 
MONTH ARGENTINA BRAZIL URUGUAY ROW TOTAL 
      
2002  1,523,993  -  -  23,583  1,547,576 
2003  1,521,218  67  22,400  395,514  1,939,198 
2004  1,639,158  71,818  241,000  4,398  1,956,374 
2005  3,282,060  392,133  95,300  2,178  3,771,671 
Jan-July 05  1,381,851  244,356  54,300  2,178  1,682,686 
Jan-July 06  3,101,757  177,986  22,011  1,454  3,303,209 
      
Var. % 03/02  -0.2  -  -  1,577.1  25.3 
Var. % 04/03  7.8  107,848.7  975.9  -98.9  0.9 
Var. % 05/04  100.2  446.0  -60.5  -50.5  92.8 
Var. % Jan-July 
06/05  124.5  -27.2  -59.5  -33.2  96.3 
(1) Includes tariff subheading 0406.9010. 
Source :  Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by the National Customs Service. 
 
 
Table 4:  Domestic Selling Price of Farm-Gate Milk 
(Unit Value/Litres Thousand) 
 
2003 2004 2005 2006 
Year In 
pesos In UF In dollars In pesos In UF In dollars In pesos In UF In dollars In pesos In UF In dollars 
January 96,006 5.7 132.9 119,795 7.1 208.8 116,051 6.7 202.1 121,991 6.8 232.6 
February 99,418 6.0 133.4 118,684 7.0 203.1 117,967 6.8 205.7 123,388 6.9 234.7 
March 102,697 6.1 138.2 116,720 6.9 193.3 120,205 7.0 205.0 126,133 7.0 238.5 
April 106,513 6.3 148.3 116,955 6.9 192.3 121,678 7.1 209.6 127,773 7.1 247.0 
May 115,381 6.8 164.0 121,679 7.2 191.4 126,988 7.3 219.6 129,470 7.2 248.6 
June 124,866 7.3 176.1 126,227 7.4 196.2 132,076 7.6 225.6 129,738 7.2 239.2 
July 126,600 7.5 180.6 125,734 7.4 198.8 130,787 7.5 227.2    
August 126,078 7.4 179.1 124,472 7.3 195.7 130,605 7.4 238.9    
September 124,343 7.3 184.1 123,002 7.2 199.5 127,520 7.2 237.6    
October 123,163 7.3 190.6 121,027 7.0 199.3 122,468 6.9 228.7    
November 121,184 7.1 193.7 118,164 6.9 198.0 121,374 6.8 229.1    
December 119,982 7. 1 199.0 115,98 9 6.7 201.3 121,42 2 6.8 236.1    
Ann. av. 115,519 6.8 168.3 120,704 7.1 198.1 124,095 7.1 222.1    
Av. 
Jan-June 107,480 6.4 148.8 120.010 7.1 197.5 122.494 7.1 211.3 126,415 7.0 240.1 
Var. 
/prev. year    4.5% 3.7% 17.7% 2.8% -0.1% 12.1%    
Var./prev. 
Jan-June    11.7% 11.4% 33% 2.1% -0.4% 7% 3,2% -0.7% 13.7% 
Source :  Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA. 
 
  G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
 Page 7 
 
 
  Table 5:  Domestic Selling Price of Gouda Cheese (*) 
 
2003 2004 2005 2006 
Year In pesos In UF In 
dollars In pesos In 
UF In 
dollars In pesos In UF In 
dollars In pesos In UF In dollars 
January 1,836,740 109.8 2,542.3 1,945,740 115.2 3,391.9 1,977,460 114.2 3,444.3 2,240,450 124.8 4,271.8 
February 1,837,160 110.1 2,465.3 1,936,930 115.0 3,314.9 1,956,240 113.4 3,410.6 2,240,000 125.0 4,261.0 
March 1,822,200 109.0 2,451.6 1,909,880 113.5 3,162.5 1,992,560 115.8 3,397.5 2,238,980 124.9 4,234.3 
April 1,800,280 106.7 2,506.5 1,902,760 113.0 3,128.6 2,017,740 117.2 3,476.1 2,221,990 123.9 4,295.1 
May 1,816,600 106.8 2,581.9 1,923,010 113.8 3,024.7 2,038,970 117.6 3,525.7 2,247,390 124.6 4,315.3 
June 1,894,210 111.5 2,671.0 1,942,810 114.5 3,019.1 2,090,990 119.8 3,571.5 2,183,380 120.4 4,025.0 
July 2,001,110 118.1 2,854.1 1,935,450 113.5 3,060.5 2,121,290 121.1 3,684.3 2,183,380 120.0 4,038.7 
August 2,064,020 121.9 2,932.8 1,996,590 116.7 3,139.6 2,114,280 120.1 3,868.0    
Septembe
r 2,035,650 120.2 3,013.8 1,974,880 115.1 3,203.1 2,117,840 119.7 3,946.0    
October 2,009,590 118.5 3,110.5 1,942,750 112.9 3,199.1 2,221,920 125.0 4,149.2    
Novembe
r 1,998,360 117.7 3,195.0 1,972,470 114.4 3,305.5 2,211,320 123.4 4,173.2    
December 1,953,150 115.3 3,239.6  2,007,870 116.1 3,484.9 2, 236,170 124.3 4,347.7    
Ann. av. 1,922,423 113.8 2,797.0 1,949,262 114.5 3,202.9 2,091,398 119.3 3,749.5    
Av. 
Jan-July 1,858,329 110.3 2,581.8 1,928,083 114.1 3,157.5 2,027,893 117.0 3,501.4 2,222,224 123.4 4,205.9 
Var. 
/prev. year    1.4% 0.6% 14.5% 7.3% 4.2% 17.1%    
Var./ 
prev. Jan-
July    3.8% 3.4% 22.3% 5.2% 2.6% 10.9% 9.6% 5.4% 20.1% 
(*) Wholesale price, nominal excluding VAT. 
Source :  Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA. 
 
 
Table 6:  Apparent Domestic Consumption 
(Litres/Thousand) 
 
 Production (*) Exports (**) Imports (**) Apparent 
consumption Share 
Imports/App. C. 
2003  2,130,000  124,299  249,294  2,254.996  11.1% 
2004  2,250,000  155,235  96,284  2,191,049  4.4% 
2005  2,300,000  207,694  179,033  2,271,339  7.9% 
Jan-June 2005  1,062,780  114,624  72,319  1,020,475  7.1% 
Jan-June 2006  1,156,809  68,466  128,783  1,217,127  10.6% 
      
Var. % 04/03  5.6%  24.9%  -61.4%  -2.8%  
 Var. % 05/04  2.2%  33.8%  85.9%  3.7%  
Var. % Jan-June 
06/05  8.8%  -40.3%  78.1%  19.3%  
(*) National farm-gate milk production. 
(**) Equivalent in thousa nds of litres of exports and imports  of powdered milk, liquid milk a nd Gouda cheese.  Factor 11.49 l/k g. for 
skimmed milk, 7.89 l/kg. for whole milk, and 10.0 l/kg. for cheese. 
Source :  Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA and the National Customs Service. 
 
 G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
Page 8  
 
  Table 7:  Domestic Market Indicators, Farm-Gate Milk 
Volume (L/Thousand) 
 
Year:  2003 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production 
(1) 199,753 159,836 162,337 153,946 153,899 140,593 148,797 158,064 177,167 217,385 228,608 229,573 2,130,000 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales (2) 146,598 117,303 119,139 112,980 112,946 103,181 109,201 116,003 130,022 159,538 167,775 168,483 1,563,169 
Foreign 
sales              
Total 
imports              
Inventories              
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA and the National Customs Service. 
 
Year:  2004 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production (1) 208,947 166,614 162,753 158,356 164,905 153,833 156,065 170,047 191,237 233,996 240,166 243,055 2,250,000 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales (2) 155,689 124,146 121,269 117,993 122,872 114,623 116,286 126,704 142,493 174,353 178,950 181,103 1,676,480 
Foreign 
sales              
Total 
imports              
Inventories              
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA and the National Customs Service. 
 
Year:  2005 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production (1) 220,879 174,453 175,269 173,507 167,070 151,602 158,212 163,735 185,972 233,582 246,972 248,685 2,300,000 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales (2) 165,496 130,711 131,322 130,002 125,179 113,589 118,542 122,680 139,341 175,014 185,046 186,330 1,723,253 
Foreign 
sales              
Total 
imports              
Inventories              
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA and the National Customs Service. 
 
Year:  2006 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production (1) 231,687 193,674 196,735 187,851 183,041 163,821       1,156,809 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales (2) 173,594 145,112 147,406 140,749 137,145 122,745       866,752 
Foreign 
sales              
Total 
imports              
Inventories              
(1) Estimated by the Tec hnical Secretariat on the basis of annual coeffici ents of 0.734 for 2003;  0.745 for 2004;  and 0.749 
for 2005.  The coefficient for 2005 was used for 2006. 
(2) Delivery to dairy plants. 
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA and the National Customs Service. 
  G/SG/N/6/CHL/11 
 Page 9 
 
 
  Table 8:  Domestic Market Indicators, Gouda Cheese 
Volume/Tonnes 
 
Year:  2003 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production 
(1) 2,012 1,867 2,244 2,151 2,207 1,862 2,149 2,129 2,357 2,424 2,536 2,581 26,519 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales              
Foreign 
sales 258 144 353 290 508 423 232 213 238 936 435 479 4,510 
Total 
imports 49 0 25 60 47 292 240 417 293 226 217 73 1,939 
Inventories              
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA, the National Customs and 
Complaints Service. 
 
Year:  2004 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production 
(1) 2,515 2,097 2,308 2,294 2,471 2,217 2,220 2,187 2,451 2,840 2,834 2,992 29,425 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales              
Foreign 
sales 711 814 1,071 788 802 803 587 569 436 646 1,108 893 9,228 
Total 
imports 80 76 117 215 200 312 400 64 203 126 101 63 1,956 
Inventories              
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA, the National Customs and 
Complaints Service. 
 
Year:  2005 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production (1) 2,540 2,279 2,496 2,637 2,767 2,776 2,697 2,552 2,952 3,358 3,269 3,264 33,588 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales              
Foreign 
sales 1,172 1,168 1,196 1,223 1,111 1,652 1,064 957 1,263 1,286 1,863 1,307 15,260 
Total 
imports 136 90 253 355 221 331 295 356 458 522 265 488 3,772 
Inventories              
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA, the National Customs and 
Complaints Service. 
 
Year:  2006 
Variables Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec TOTAL 
Domestic 
production (1) 3,059 2,514 2,807 2,369 2,282 2,006       15,036 
Total sales              
Domestic 
sales              
Foreign 
sales 1,307 1,082 588 433 318 599       4,326 
Total 
imports 414 379 669 463 583 528       3,036 
Inventories              
(1) Estimated by the applicant on the basis of 50 pe r cent of the industry's total cheese production. 
Source : Prepared by the Technical Secretariat on the basis of data supplied by ODEPA, the National Customs and 
Complaints Service. 
 
__________