G/STR/N/16/THA  
17 April 2020 
(20-3075) Page: 1/11 
Working Party on State Trading Enterprises  Original:  English  
 
  
STATE TRADING  
NEW AND FULL NOTIFIC ATION PURSUANT TO AR TICLE XVII:4(A) OF T HE 
GATT 1994 AND PARAGR APH 1 OF THE UNDERST ANDING ON  
THE INTERPRETATION O F ARTICLE XVII  
THAILAND  
The following communication, dated 6 April 2020, is being circulated at the request of the Delegation 
of Thailand.  
 
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  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 2 - 
  1. Enumeration of STEs  
Public Warehouse Organization (PWO)  
2. Reason and purpose  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining the STEs  
PWO is a state -enterprise attached to the Ministry of Commerce. Its objective is to engage in all 
activities regarding agricultural goods and consumer products in order to implement the governm ent 
policies and the business operation, as well as in service business connected with agricultural goods 
and consumer products.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or 
privileges, including legal provisions and summ ary of statutory or constitutional power  
Royal Decree Establishing the Public Warehouse B.E.2498 allows the PWO to engage in all activities 
regarding agricultural goods and consumer products in order to implement government policies and 
the business operat ion, as well as in service business connected with agricultural goods and 
consumer products.  
3. Description of the functioning of the STEs  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the STEs  
PWO is responsible for implementing government policies r egarding agricultural goods and consumer 
products, mainly at the trade operation level in connection with agricultural goods and consumer 
products including importation and exportation, as well as warehouse business. PWO also allocates 
quantities of import s within in -quota of certain agricultural products.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the STEs  
   
  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 3 - 
 
TABLE I 
STATE TRADING: PUBLI C WAREHOUSE ORGANIZATI ON 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS  
Description of Product(s)  
(including HS 
number(s))  Year Total Quantity 
Imported  
(tons)  Quantity Imported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise (tons)  Average Import Price 
(Baht/kilogram)  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales Price 
(Baht/kilogram)  Mark -Up National Production 
(million tons)  
Rice 
(1006.20, 1006.30, 
1006.40)  2014 6,967.39  - - - - 36.76  
2015 26,886.74  - - - - 31.61  
2016 14,630.20  - - - - 27.42  
Crude Palm Olein  
(1511.10, 1511.90 ) 2014 23,585.85  - - - - 2.00 
2015 74,949.72  49,942.69  23.55  27.50  - 2.07 
2016 27,736.31  - - - - 1.80 
Yellow Maize  2014 36,973.72  5,831.00  4.07 - - 4.88 
2015 173,911.93  3,899.82  4.82 - - 4.73 
2016 131,298.80  - - - - 4.03   
  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 4 - 
 
TABLE II 
STATE TRADING: PUBLI C WAREHOUSE ORGANIZA TION 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS  
Description of Product(s)  
(including HS 
number(s))  Year Total Quantity 
Exported  
(million tons)  Quantity Exported by 
State Trading 
Enterprise  
(tons)  Average Procurement 
(Baht/kilogram)  Average Representative 
Domestic Sales 
(Baht/kilogram)  Average Exported 
Price 
(Baht/kilogram)  National Production 
(million tons)  
Rice 
(1006.20, 1006.30, 
1006.40)  2014 10.96  46.92  34.008  - - 36.76  
2015 9.77 - - - - 31.61  
2016 9.86 - - - - 27.42  
Crude Palm Olein  
(1511.10, 1511.90 ) 2014 0.22 - - - - 2.00 
2015 0.05 - - - - 2.07 
2016 0.04 - - - - 1.80 
   
  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 5 - 
 
TABLE III 
STATE TRADING: PUBLI C WAREHOUSE ORGANIZA TION 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVI TIES 
Description of Product  
(including HS number(s))  
 Year Domestic Purchases by 
State Trading Enterprise  
(tons)  National Production  
(million tons)  Domestic Sales by State 
Trading Enterprise (tons)  National Consumption  
(million tons)  
Rice 2014 112.03  36.76  112.03  10.60  
2015 1,746.09  31.61  1,746.09  10.00  
2016 471.97  27.42  471.97  9.10 
Crude Palm Olein  2014 - 2.00 - 1.78 
2015 - 2.07 - 1.93 
2016 - 1.80 - 1.81 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 6 - 
  1. Enumeration of STEs  
Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Department  
2. Reason and purpose  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining the STEs  
Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Department is empowered by the order of Ministry of Finance 
to be the sole producer of pure alcohol for the purposes of producing and distributing ethyl alcohol.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or 
privileges, including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional power  
The Liquor Act, B.E. 2493, authorized Liquor Distillery Orga nization Excise Department to be the 
sole producer and distributor of pure alcohol.  
3. Description of the functioning of the STEs  
A. Summary statement providing overview of operations of the STEs  
The Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Department only deals wi th the production of pure alcohol 
to be distributed within the country. Presently, there is no export of pure alcohol by the Liquor 
Distillery Organization Excise Department due to the fact that production quantity of pure alcohol is 
not enough to export.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the STEs  
Liquor Distillery Organization Excise Department has been granted exclusive rights but no powers 
or influences through purchase or sales of imports or exports pure alcohol.  
 
   
  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 7 - 
 
TABLE IV 
STATE TRADING: LIQUO R DISTILLERY ORGANIZ ATION 
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS  
Description of Product(s)  
(including HS 
number(s))  Year Total Quantity 
Imported  
(liters) Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise (liters)  Average Import 
Price Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales Price  Mark -Up National Production 
(liters) 
Ethyl Alcohol 96%  
Ethyl Alcohol 99.8%  
(HS 2207.10.00)  2014 8,222,077  - - - - - 
2015 6,157,456  - - - - - 
2016 990,200  - - - - - 
 
 G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 8 - 
  1. Enumeration of STEs  
Thailand Tobacco Monopoly (TTM)  
2. Reason and purpose  
A. Reason or purpose for establishing and/or maintaining the STEs  
Thailand Tobacco Monopoly (TTM) is a monopoly State Enterprise of cigarette manufacturer under 
the supervision of the Ministry of Finance, including a profit seeking organization for government 
revenue. As the State Enterprise Organization, the TTM is also t he only cigarette producer in 
Thailand.  
B. Summary of legal basis for granting the relevant exclusive or special rights or 
privileges, including legal provisions and summary of statutory or constitutional power  
The Tobacco Act, B.E.2509, authorized TTM to be the sole producer of cigarette to reduce negative 
consequences of cigarette consumption by controlling the domestic supply.  
3. Description of the functioning of the STEs  
A. Summary statement providing overview of o perations of the STEs  
• TTM imports some raw material from oversea suppliers and exports finished products to 
foreign countries.  
• Private traders with permissions to import/export tobacco or tobacco related products from 
the Excise Department of Thailand are allowed to import such products into Thailand and so 
export to other countries.  
• Market demand and production capacity are the criteria classified to determine the quantities 
to be exported and imported. Additionally, there is no limitation of quantity for cigarettes 
exporting.  
• In terms of exported cigarettes, traders would allow to export TTM cigarettes to customer 
which is exempted from certain local taxes and duties. Export prices also are determined by 
their costs and competitive pricing for both wholesa le and retail prices.  
Long term contracts are negotiable for those who meet or surpass TTM’s evaluation criteria.  
B. Specification of exclusive or special rights or privileges enjoyed by the STEs  
- 
   
  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 9 - 
 
TABLE V 
STATE TRADING: THAIL AND TOBACCO MONOPOLY  (TTM)  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, IMPORTS  
Description of Product(s)  
(including HS 
number(s))  Year Total Quantity 
Imported  
(tons) Quantity Imported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise ( tons) Average Import 
Price 
(THB/KG)  Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
Price Mark -Up National 
Production (tons)  
Unmanufactured tobacco  
(2401)  2014 1,934.4  1,934.4  207.9  - - - 
2015 1,689.6  1,689.6  174.84  - - - 
2016 3,708.94  940.8  200.85  - - - 
 
 
 
 
 
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  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 10 - 
 
TABLE VI 
STATE TRADING: THAIL AND TOBACCO MONOPOLY  (TTM)  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, EXPORTS  
Description of Product(s)  
(including HS 
number(s))  Year Total Quantity 
Exported  
(Million pieces)  Quantity Exported 
by State Trading 
Enterprise  
(Million pieces)  Average 
Procurement (USD  Average 
Representative 
Domestic Sales 
(USD/20 pieces)  Average Exported 
Price  
(USD/20 pieces)  National 
Product ion (tons)  
Cigarettes  
(2402.20.90)  2014 28.84  28.84  0.30 – 0.33 - - - 
2015 69.14  69.14  0.30 – 0.33 - - - 
2016 75.79  75.79  0.33 – 0.35 - - - 
 
 
   
  G/STR/N/16/THA  
- 11 - 
 
TABLE VII 
STATE TRADING: THAIL AND TOBACCO MONOPOLY  (TTM)  
STATISTICAL INFORMATION, DOMESTIC ACTIVITES  
Description of Product  
(including HS 
number(s))  Year Domestic Purchases  
by 
State Trading Enterprise  
(tons)  National Production  
(tons)  Domestic Sales by  
State Trading Enterprise  
(Million pieces)  National Consumpti on 
(tons)  
Unmanufactured tobacco  
(2401)  2014 N/A - 33,072.87  - 
2015 N/A - 30,836.45  - 
2016 N/A - 28,221.49  - 
 
 
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