WT/REG425/1  
4 January 2024 
(24-0031) Page: 1/60 
Committee on Regional Trade Agreements    
 
FACTUAL PRESENTATION  
TRADE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UNITED KINGDOM, COLOMBIA, ECUADOR AND PERU   
(GOODS AND SERVICES)  
Report by the Secretariat  
This report, prepared for the consideration of the Trade Agreement between the United 
Kingdom, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, has bee n drawn up by the WTO Secretariat on 
its own responsibility and in full consultation with the Parties. The factual presentatio n 
reproduces as closely as possible the terminology used in the Agreement and in the 
comments provided and does not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the 
Secretariat of such terminology. The report has been drawn up in accordance with the 
rules a nd procedures contained in the Decision for a Transparency Mechanism for 
Regional Trade Agreements (WT/L/671) and thus does not imply any value judgement 
by the Secretariat regarding the contents of the Agreement.  
Any technical questions arising from this report may be addressed to Alberto Osnago 
(tel: +41 22 739 6969). Any statistical questions arising from this report may be 
addressed to Rowena Cabos (tel: +41 22 739 5185)  and Pamela Bayona (tel: +41 22 
739 5529) .  WT/REG425/1  
 
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  Table of Contents  
 
1   TRADE ENVIRONMENT  ................................ ................................ .............................  4 
2   CHARACTERISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE AGREEMENT  ................................ ..................  11 
2.1   Background information  ................................ ................................ ...........................  11 
3   PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN GOODS  ................................ ................................ ........  13 
3.1   Import duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions  ................................ ...............  13 
3.1.1   General provisions  ................................ ................................ ...............................  13 
3.1.2   Liberalization of trade and t ariff lines  ................................ ................................ ...... 14 
3.1.3   Liberalization schedule  ................................ ................................ ..........................  14 
3.1.3.1    Colombia, Ecuador and Peru  ................................ ................................ ...............  14 
3.1.3.2    United Kingdom  ................................ ................................ ................................  17 
3.1.4   Tariff rate quotas  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 20 
3.1.5   Price-band systems  ................................ ................................ ..............................  20 
3.2   Rules of origin ................................ ................................ ................................ ........  21 
3.3   Export duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions  ................................ ................  22 
3.4   Regulatory provisions on trade in goods  ................................ ................................ ..... 22 
3.4.1   Standards ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  22 
3.4.1.1    Sanitary and phytosanitary measures  ................................ ................................ ... 22 
3.4.1.2    Technical barriers to trade  ................................ ................................ ..................  22 
3.4.2   Safeguard mechanism s ................................ ................................ .........................  22 
3.4.2.1    Global safeguards  ................................ ................................ .............................  22 
3.4.2.2    Bilateral safeguards  ................................ ................................ ...........................  22 
3.4.2.3    Agricultural safeguards  ................................ ................................ ......................  22 
3.4.2.4    Other special safeguards  ................................ ................................ ....................  23 
3.4.2.5    Safeguards related to the balance of payments  ................................ ......................  23 
3.4.3   Anti-dumping and countervailing measures  ................................ ..............................  23 
3.4.4   Subsidies and state -aid ................................ ................................ .........................  23 
3.4.5   Customs -related procedure s ................................ ................................ ..................  23 
4   PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN SERVICES  ................................ ................................ .... 23 
4.1   Scope and definitions  ................................ ................................ ..............................  24 
4.2   Denial of benefits  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 24 
4.3   General provisions on trade in services  ................................ ................................ ...... 24 
4.3.1   Market access  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 24 
4.3.2   National treatment and MFN  ................................ ................................ ..................  24 
4.3.3   Commercial presence  ................................ ................................ ...........................  24 
4.3.4   Movement of natural persons  ................................ ................................ .................  25 
4.4   Liberalization commitments  ................................ ................................ ......................  26 
4.4.1   Colombia, Ecuador and Peru  ................................ ................................ ..................  26 
4.4.2   United Kingdom  ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 26 
4.4.2.1    Horizontal commitments  ................................ ................................ .....................  26 WT/REG425/1  
 
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  4.4.2.2    Sector -specific commitments ................................ ................................ ...............  26 
4.5   Regulatory provisions  ................................ ................................ ..............................  30 
4.5.1   Domestic regulation  ................................ ................................ .............................  30 
4.5.2   Recognition ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  30 
4.5.3   Subsidies ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  30 
4.5.4   Safeguards  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  30 
4.6   Sector specific provisions on trade in services  ................................ .............................  30 
5   GENERAL  PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENT  ................................ ...........................  30 
5.1   Transparency  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  30 
5.2   Current payments and capital movements  ................................ ................................ .. 30 
5.3   Exceptions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  31 
5.4   Accession and withdrawal  ................................ ................................ ........................  31 
5.5   Institutional framework  ................................ ................................ ...........................  31 
5.6   Dispute settlement  ................................ ................................ ................................ . 31 
5.7   Relationship with other agreements concluded by the Parties  ................................ .........  32 
5.8   Government procurement  ................................ ................................ ........................  34 
5.9   Intellectual property rights  ................................ ................................ .......................  35 
5.10   Competition  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  35 
5.11   Environment and labour  ................................ ................................ .........................  35 
5.12   Electronic commerce  ................................ ................................ .............................  36 
5.13   Small and medium -sized enterprises  ................................ ................................ ........  36 
5.14   Gender  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  36 
ANNEX 1  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  37 
ANNEX 2  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  42 
ANNEX 3  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  59 
 
  WT/REG425/1  
 
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Key Facts  
 
Parties to the Agreement:   Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and 
 United Kingdom  
 
Date of Signature:    15 May 2019  
 
Date of Entry into Force:  31 December 2020 for Peru, 01 
January 2021 for Ecuador, and 
United Kingdom  
 28 June 2022 for Colombia  
 
Date of Notification:  31 December 2020 and 
01 September 2022  
 
Full implementation:   2034  
Goods:  
UK - Colombia:  2028  
UK - Ecuador:  2034  
UK – Peru: 2030  
Services  
UK - Colombia:  28 June 2022  
UK - Ecuador:  1 January 2021  
UK – Peru: 31 December 2020   
 
 
This factual presentation describes the Trade Agreement between the United Kingdom and Colombia, 
Ecuador and Peru (hereafter "the Agreement"). The Agreement incorporates and modifies the Trade 
Agreement between the European Union and Colombia, Ecuador and Peru as amended by its 
Protocols (hereinafter "the EU -Andean countries Agreement") which was considered by the 
Committee on Regional Trade Agreements (CRTA) on 30 March 2015 and 01 April 2019 on the basis 
of factual presentations prepared by the WTO Secret ariat which should be read in conjunction with 
this factual presentation.  
 
This factual presentation summarizes the main aspects of the Agreement highlighting the changes 
to the EU -Andean countries Agreement. More details on specific provisions and regulat ions are 
available in the Factual presentations of the Agreement between the EU, Colombia and Peru 
(document WT/REG333/1/Rev.1 ) and the accession of Ecuador to that Agreement (document 
WT/REG380/1/Rev.1 ). 
 
1  TRADE ENVIRONMENT  
1.1.  The UK is the largest economy among the Parties in terms of both trade in goods and services  
with the world , followed by Colombia, Peru and Ecuador  (Chart 1.1).1 On average in 2019 -2021, the 
UK's total merchandise imports and exports amounted to USD 675 billion and USD 442  billion 
respectively. Colombia's merchandise imports and exports in the same period were USD 52 billion 
and USD 37 billion, Peru's imports and exports were USD 43 billion and USD 47 billion , and Ecuador's 
imports and exports were USD 22 billion and USD 23  billion. On average in 2019 -2021, the UK's 
total services  imports and exports amounted to USD 250 billion and USD 424 billion respectively. 
 
1 In 202 2, according to the WTO Trade Profiles 202 3 and excluding intra -EU trade, the UK was the 5th 
largest importer and 11th largest exporter of merchandise in the world and the 3rd largest exporter and 4th 
largest importer of services in the world. Colombia, Ecuador and Peru were, respectively, the 39th, 48th and 3 7th 
largest exporters and 33rd, 47th and 3 6th largest importers  of merchandise in the world. The respective rankings 
for services exports were 35, 78 and 6 1 and for services imports 36, 60 and 38.  WT/REG425/1  
 
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  Colombia's services  imports and exports in the same period were USD 11 billion and USD 7 billion, 
Peru's imports an d exports were USD 9 billion and USD 4 billion , and Ecuador's imports and exports 
were USD 4 billion and USD 2 billion.  
1.2.  Chart 1.1 also shows that , on average in 2019 -2021, the UK and Colombia registered a global 
trade in goods deficit while Ecuador and Peru registered a slight surplus. In the same period,  the UK 
had on average a global trade in services surplus while the Andean countries had a defi cit. 
Chart 1.1 Merchandise and services trade with the world (average 2019 -2021)  
 
Note:  Exchange rates used from GBP to USD: 0.78 (2019), 0.78 (2020), and 0.73 (2021).  
Source:  UK authorities and UNSD Comtrade.  
1.3.  The UK was a small trading partner for the Andean countries with around 1% of Colombia's 
goods imports and exports and Ecuador's goods exports during  2017-2021, less than 1% of Ecuador 
and Peru's goods imports and a slight ly higher share of Peru's goods exports ( Chart 1.2). The three 
Andean countries together represent an even smaller share  (around 0.2%) of  the UK's goods imports 
and exports. Bilateral trade shares tended to remain stable during the period considered. Bilateral 
trade in services between the UK and Colombia for the period 2018 -2020 was also small ( Table 1.1). 
Bilateral data for trade in services with the other two Parties are not available.  
52.4 22.1 43.2 674.9 37.3 23.1 47.0 442.4
10.9 3.7 9.3 249.7 7.0 2.3 3.9 423.8
Imports (USD billion)
 Exports (USD billion)
Imports (USD billion)
 Exports (USD billion)Merchandise
ServicesPeru Ecuador Colombia UKWT/REG425/1  
 
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  Chart 1.2 Per cent of merchandise trade between the Parties (2017 -2021)  
 
Note:  Exchange rates used from GBP to USD: 0.78 (2017), 0.75 (2018), 0.78 (2019), 0.78 (2020), and 
0.73 (2021).  
Source:  UK authorities  and UNSD Comtrade.  
 
Table 1.1 Bilateral trade in commercial services, 2 018-2020  
Colombia  USD millions  
2018  2019  2020  
Imports from UK  93.7 88.5 54.6 
Exports to UK  187.1  186.5  126.1  
UK 2018  2019  2020  
Imports from Colombia  181.3  117.9  64.1 
Exports to Colombia  224.0  206.4  182.1  
Note:  Exchange rates used from GBP to USD: 0.75 (2018), 0.78 (2019)  and 0.78 (2020).  
 No bilateral data available for Ecuador and Peru.  
Source:  UK and Colombian authorities.  
 
1.4.  In 202 1, the UK's main merchandise imports and exports were of manufactured goods, 
accounting for around two thirds of its imports and exports.2 In the same year, all Andean countries 
mainly imported manufactured goods  (between 67% and 76% of their imports)  while Colombia and 
Peru exported fuels and mining products  (43% of their exports)  and Ecuador exported agr icultural 
products  (62%) . Chart 1.3 and Chart 1.4 provide more details on the  composition of global and 
bilateral merchandise trade of the Parties by HS Section.  
1.5.  The main global imports of the UK in the period 2019 -2021 were machinery, natural and 
cultured pearls and vehicles with shares ranging between 21% and 11%. The largest global imports 
of Colombia in the same period were machinery, chemicals and vehicles (shares between 22% and 
11%) while the largest global imports of Ecuador and Peru were machinery, minerals and chemicals 
(shares between 19% and 15% for Ecuador and 23% and 12% for Peru).  
 
2 WTO Trade Profiles 202 3. 
0.0% 1.0% 2.0%
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021Colombia
Imports Exports0.0% 1.0% 2.0%
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021Ecuador
Imports Exports
0.0% 1.0% 2.0%
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021Peru
Imports0.0% 1.0% 2.0%
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021UK
ExportsWT/REG425/1  
 
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  1.6.  The main global exports of the UK in the period 2019 -2021 were machinery, vehicles and 
chemicals with shares ranging between 21% and 14%  (Chart 1.3). Almost one third of Colombia's 
imports from the UK were chemicals while prepared foodstuff and machinery represented 15% of 
bilateral imports each  (Chart 1.4). Chemicals were also the largest HS Section imported by Ecuador 
from the UK (22%) followed by prepared foodstuff and minerals (19% each). 30% of Peru's imports 
from the UK were in machinery, 21% were chemicals while foodstuff and vehicles represented 11% 
each. As illustrated in more details in Section 3.1.3.1    below, all Ande an countries will maintain 
duties under the Agreement on some tariff lines in HS Sections IV (foodstuff) and VI (chemicals) for 
imports from the UK.  
1.7.  The largest global exports of the three Andean countries in the same period were minerals with 
shares betw een 45% and 36%  (Chart 1.3). Vegetable products were also among the most important 
exports of the Andean countries (shares between 21% and 13% ). Final ly, natural and cultured pearls 
represented 7% of Colombia  and 16% of Peru's exports to the world  while live animal s were 20% 
of Ecuador's exports.  Vegetables and minerals were also the largest imports of the UK from both 
Colombia (64% and 22% respectively ) and Peru (62% and 18%) , as shown in Chart 1.4. Imports 
from Ecuador were mainly prepared foodstuff (46%), vegetables (29%) and animal products (19%). 
As shown in more details in Section 3.1.3.2    below, the UK will maintain duties under the Agreement 
on some tariff lines in HS Sections I (live animals), II (vegetable products) and IV (foodstuff) for 
imports from all Andean countries.  
Chart 1.3 Compo sition of global merchandise imports and exports by HS Section  
(average 2019 -2021 ) 
 
Note:  Exchange rates used from GBP to USD: 0.78 (2019), 0.78 (2020), and 0.73 (2021).  
 The size of the bubbles is proportional to the value of trade.  
Source:  UK authorities and  UNSD, Comtrade database.  
I Live Animals; Animal Products
II Vegetable Products
III Animal or Vegetable Fat and 
Oils
IV Prepared Foodstuffs, 
Beverages
V Mineral Products
VI Products of Chemical or Allied 
Industries
VII Plastics and Articles thereof, 
rubber
VIII Raw Hides and Skins, 
Leather
IX Wood and Articles of wood
X Pulp of Wood
XI Textiles and Textile Articles
XII Footwear, Headgear, 
Umbrellas
XIII Articles of Stone, Plaster, 
Cement
XIV Natural and Cultured Pearls
XV Base Metals & Articles thereof
XVI Machinery & Mechanical Appl.
XVII Vehicles, Aircraft, Vessels
XVIII Optical, Photographic 
Equipment
XIX Arms and Ammunition
XX  Misc. Manufactured Articles
XXI Works of Art0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%Global exports
Ecuador Peru UK0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%Global imports
ColombiaWT/REG425/1  
 
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  Chart 1.4 Bilateral merchandise imports and exports by HS Section  (average 2019 -2021 ) 
 
Note:  Exchange rates used from GBP to USD: 0.78 (2019), 0.78 (2020), and 0.73 (2021).  
Source:  UK authorities and UNSD, Comtrade  database.  
1.8.  Chart 1.5 shows that , on average in 2018 -2020,  travel and transport services are the largest 
global s ervices imports of all Andean countries with respective shares of 43% and 22% for Colombia, 
26% and 40% for Ecuador and 22% and 32% for Peru. Travel services are also the largest exports 
of all Andean countries (55% for Colombia, 66% for Ecuador and 53% fo r Peru ) other business 
services for Colombia and transport services for Ecuador and Peru. O ther business services are the 
largest global services imports  (35%)  and exports (36%) of the UK  while travel services are its 
second largest imports (25%) and finan cial services its second largest exports (21%).   
I Live Animals; Animal Products
II Vegetable Products
III Animal or Vegetable Fat and 
Oils
IV Prepared Foodstuffs, 
Beverages
V Mineral Products
VI Products of Chemical or Allied 
Industries
VII Plastics and Articles thereof, 
rubber
VIII Raw Hides and Skins, 
Leather
IX Wood and Articles of wood
X Pulp of Wood
XI Textiles and Textile Articles
XII Footwear, Headgear, 
Umbrellas
XIII Articles of Stone, Plaster, 
Cement
XIV Natural and Cultured Pearls
XV Base Metals & Articles thereof
XVI Machinery & Mechanical Appl.
XVII Vehicles, Aircraft, Vessels
XVIII Optical, Photographic 
Equipment
XIX Arms and Ammunition
XX  Misc. Manufactured Articles
XXI Works of Art0% 10% 20% 30%Andean countries imports from the UK
Ecuador Peru0% 20% 40% 60%UK imports from Andean countries
ColombiaWT/REG425/1  
 
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  Chart 1.5 Commercial services trade by category (2018 -2020)  
 
Note:  No data on Insurance and Pension and Financial services for Colombia.  
Source:  UK, Colombia  and Ecuador  authorities  and WTO Stats . 
1.9.  FDI stocks with the world over the period 2017 -2021 are presented in Chart 1.6 while global 
flows are shown in Chart 1.7. Colombia and Peru tended to be net recipients  of FDIs. Both inward 
and outward stocks registered a positive trend thorough the period with the exception of Peru's  
outward stock which remained stable. The UK, which tended to be a net recipient of FDI with the 
exception of 2019, registered a positive trajectory for both stocks in the period.  
1.10.  Available data on bilateral FDI stocks and flows is presented in Chart 1.8. The UK's FDI 
outward stocks in each Andean countr y started increasing in 2020 with Peru overtaking Colombia as 
the largest destination.  
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%Imports
Construction
Financial
Insurance and Pension
Intellectual property
Maintenance and Repair
Manufacturing
Other Business Services
Personal, Cultural and Recreational
Telecommunications, computer and information 
services
Transportation
Travel0% 20% 40% 60% 80%Exports
Colombia Ecuador Peru UKWT/REG425/1  
 
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  Chart 1.6 FDI stocks with world  (USD billion) , 2017 -2021  
 
Source:  UK authorities and UNCTAD Stat.  
Chart 1.7 FDI flows with world  (USD billion) , 2017 -2021  
 
Source:  UK authorities and UNCTAD Stat.  
 $- $80 $160 $240
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Colombia
Inward stock Outward stock $- $12 $24
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Ecuador
Inward stock
 $- $60 $120
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Peru
Inward stock $- $900 $1,800 $2,700
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021UK
Outward stock
 $- $7 $14
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Colombia
Inward flow Outward flow $- $0.5 $1.0 $1.5
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Ecuador
Inward flow
 $(1) $3 $7
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Peru
Inward flow $(150) $(50) $50 $150
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021UK
Outward flowWT/REG425/1  
 
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  Chart 1.8 FDI bilateral  stocks and  flows  (USD million) , 2017 -2021  
 
Source:  UK authorities.  
 
2  CHARACTERISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE AGREEMENT  
2.1  Background information  
2.1.  The Agreement was signe d on 15 May 2019. It entered into force on 31 December 2020 for 
Peru and 1 January 2021 for the UK and Ecuador. A bridging mechanism arrangement through an 
exchange of diplomatic notes was agreed with Colombia to continue to trade on preferential terms 
until it completed its domestic procedures to fully ratify the Agreement. Colombia ratified the 
Agreement on 21 April 2022 and it entered into force on 28 June 2022.  
2.2.  The text of the Agreement, together with its annexes, is available on the following official 
websites:  
United Kingdom: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ms -no222019 -trade-agreement -
between -the-united -kingdom -of-great-britain -and-northern -ireland -of-the-one-part-and-the-
republic -of-colombia -the-r  
Colombia: https://www.tlc.gov.co/acuerdos/vigente/reino -unido  
Peru:  http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/En_Vigencia/Reino_Unido/Textos_Acuerdo.html   
 
2.3.  The Agreement follows a short form approach, which incorporate s, by reference, the relevant 
provisions of the EU -Andean countries Agreement  (composed of 14 Titles, XIV annexes and 2 
Protocols)  with necessary modifications. The modifications are in the Annex  of the Agreement 
(Article  3). Table 2.1 lists the titles, chapters, annexes  and protocols of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement and the modifications under the Agreement.  
Table 2.1 Structure of the EU -Andean countries  Agreement and modifications made in 
the Agreement  
Structure of the EU -Andean countries Agreement  Modifications  
Title I – Initial provisions  Chapter 1 – Essential elements   
 Chapter 2 – General provisions  Articles 6.1, 9 and 10 and footnote 1 of 
Article 7 not incorporated  
 Chapter 3 – Definitions of general 
applications   
Title II – Institutional 
provisions   Articles 13.1(e) and footnote 5 of 
Article 16 not incorporated  
 $- $1,200.00 $2,400.00
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021UK outward stocks
Colombia $(150.00) $50.00 $250.00 $450.00
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021UK outward flows
Ecuador Peru
 $- $3,000.00 $6,000.00
2018 2019 2020Ecuador and Peru inward stocks 
from the UK
Ecuador PeruWT/REG425/1  
 
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  Structure of the EU -Andean countries Agreement  Modifications  
Title III – Trade in Goods  Chapter 1 – Market access for 
goods   
 Chapter 2 – Trade remedies  Articles 41, 46 and 51  replaced  
Articles 56 not incorporated  
 Chapter 3 – Customs and trade 
facilitation  Article 70 not incorporated  
 Chapter 4 – TBT  
 Chapter 5 – SPS  
 Chapter 6 – Movement of goods  Article 105 not incorporated  
 Chapter 7 – Exceptions   
Title IV – Trade in services, 
establishment and electronic 
commerce  Chapter 1 – General provisions   
 Chapter 2 – Establishment   
 Chapter 3 – Cross -border supply of 
services   
 Chapter 4 – Temporary presence 
of natural persons for business 
purposes   
 Chapter 5 – Regulatory framework   
 Chapter 6 – Electronic commerce   
 Chapter 7 – Exceptions   
Title V – Current payments and 
movement of capital    
Title VI – Government 
procurement    
Title VII – Intellectual property  Chapter 1 – General provisions   
 Chapter 2 – Protection of 
biodiversity and traditional 
knowledge   
 Chapter 3 – Provisions concerning 
intellectual property rights  Footnote 64 of Article 204 not 
incorporated  
Footnote 66A to Article 208 added  
 Chapter 4 – Enforcement of 
intellectual property rights   
 Chapter 5 - Transfer of technology   
 Chapter 6 - Cooperation   
Title VIII – Competition   Article 258 .1 replaced  
Title IX – Trade and sustainable 
development    
Title X – Transparency and 
administrative proceedings    
Title XI – General Exceptions    
Title XII – Dispute settlement  Chapter 1 – Objectives, scope of 
application and definitions   
 Chapter 2 – Consultations   
 Chapter 3 – Dispute settlement 
procedures   
 Chapter 4 – General provisions   
Title XIII – Technical assistance 
and trade capacity building    
Title XIV – Final provisions   Articles 328, 330, 332 and 337 not 
incorporated  
Annex  I – Tariff elimination schedules  Modifications introduced to scheduled 
TRQs of all parties  
Sub-paragraphs (l), (m) and (n) of the 
tariff elimination schedule of the EU 
Party for goods originating in Colombia 
replaced  
Sub-paragraphs (h) and (i) of the tariff 
elimination schedule of the EU Party for 
goods originating in Peru replaced  
Sub-paragraphs (g), (h) and (m) of the 
tariff elimination schedule of the EU 
Party for goods originating in Ecuador 
replaced  WT/REG425/1  
 
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  Structure of the EU -Andean countries Agreement  Modifications  
Annex II – Concerning the definition of the concept of "originating 
products" and methods of administrative cooperation  Declarations regarding Annex II , 
Appendices 2A, 4 and 5 replaced  
Article 3A (extended cumulation of 
origin ) added  
Article s 13, 4(5) par (c) , 29 and 35 
replaced  
Article s 12, 16 , 17, 18 and 30 amended  
Article 36 not incorporated  
Annex III – Special provisions on administrative cooperation   
Annex IV – Agricultural safeguard measures  Modifications to staging categories and 
trigger quantities  
Annex V – Mutual administrative assistance in customs matters  Article 6 and 13  
Article 14(1)(c) not incorporated  
Annex VI – Sanitary and phytosanitary measures  Appendices 1 and 4  
Annex VII – List of commitments on establishment  Section B  
Annex VIII – List of commitments on cross -border supply of services  Sections B and D  
Annex IX – Reservations regarding temporary presence of natural 
persons for business purposes  Appendices 1 and 2  
Annex X – Enquiry points regarding trade in services, establishment 
and elect ronic commerce   
Annex XI – Understanding concerning subparagraph (B) of the 
definition of "services supplied in the exercise of Governmental 
authority" as referred to in Article 152 of this Agreement   
Annex XII – Government procurement  Appendix 3  
Annex XIII – List of geographical indications  Appendix 1, Joint declaration  
Annex XIV – Mediation mechanism for non -tariff measures   
Additional protocol to the Trade Agreement between the EU and 
Colombia and Per u to take account the accession of Croatia to the 
EU  
Protocol of accession to the Trade Agreement between the EU and 
Colombia and Per u to take account the accession of Ecuador   
Source:  WTO Secretariat based on the Agreement and the EU -Andean countries Ag reement . 
 
2.4.  The Parties agree to preserve the preferential conditions  on trade as provided for by the EU -
Andean countries Agreement which is incorporated into and made part of the Agreement, mutatis 
mutandis , subject to the provisions of the Agreement and th e modification in the Annex of the 
Agreement (Articles 1 and 2).  
2.5.  With respect to territorial application, the Agreement applies, in respect of the UK, to the UK, 
Gibraltar, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man (Article 3).  
2.6.  The time periods in the provi sions of the EU -Andean countries Agreement are preserved while 
any other period in the Agreement is counted from the date of its entry into force (Article 4).  
2.7.  Unless the Parties agree otherwise, any decision of the Trade Committee established by the 
EU-Andean countries Agreement adopted before that Agreement ceased to apply to the UK are 
deemed to have been adopted, mutatis mutandis, by the Trade Committee of the Agreement 
(Article  6). 
3  PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN GOODS  
3.1.  The Agreement essentially maintains the pro visions on trade in goods of  the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement. Minor changes were made to provisions on trade remedies, customs and trade 
facilitation, and movement of goods.  
3.1  Import duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions  
3.1.1   General provisions  
3.2.  Trade in goods between the Parties is governed by Chapter 1 of Title III of the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement  and includes provisions on national treatment, tariff elimination, export and 
import restrictions, customs fees and charges, export tax es, import licensing, State trading WT/REG425/1  
 
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  enterprises, and the management of customs administrative errors. The Chapter also includes a 
section on agriculture with provisions on safeguards, export subsidies, and goods pricing systems.  
3.3.  The Parties agree to grant  national treatment to each other's goods in accordance with Article 
III of GATT 1994, and not to use non -tariff measures that prohibit or restrict their bilateral imports, 
except as provided in Article XI of the GATT 1994 . They also commit to eliminate cu stoms duties on 
originating goods according to their respective schedules and to not increase any existing duty or  
introduce a new duty on an originating good, unless otherwise specified. Upon request, the Parties 
will hold consultations to accelerate and broaden the scope of tariff elimination (Article 22  of the EU -
Andean countries Agreement ).  
3.4.  The Parties shall also follow the WTO Agree ment on import licensing, which is incorporated into 
the Agreement, and Article VIII of the GATT for the application of trade related fees and other 
charges other than customs duties (Articles 24 and 26  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
3.1.2   Liberalizatio n of trade and tariff lines  
3.5.  The Agreement continues trade liberalization under  the EU -Andean countries Agreement. The 
Parties' tariff elimination schedule and staging categories are detailed in Annex II of that Agreement . 
Tariffs will be removed progressiv ely until 2028 for  Colombia, 2034 for Ecuador, 2023 for Peru and 
2027 for the UK.3 
3.1.3   Liberalization schedule  
3.1.3.1   Colombia , Ecuador and Peru  
3.6.  Table 3.1 shows Colombia, Ecuad or and Peru's tariff elimination commitments under the 
Agreement. In 2021, Colombia provided MFN duty-free access for 4,175 (53.6% ) of its tariff lines 
(51.7% of its imports from the UK during 2018-2020), Ecuador  for 2,817 (37.4% ) of its tariff lines 
(31.9%  of imports ) and Peru for 5,119 (69.5% ) of its tariff lines  (61.7%  of imports ).4 With the 
application of the preferential tariff liberalization under the EU -Andean countries Agreement, in 
2021, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru granted preferential duty fre e access on an additional 2 ,798 
(35.9%), 1 ,748 (23.2%) and 1 ,362 (18.5%) tariff lines on imports from the UK. Most of the lines 
covered by the Agreement were liberalized by 2023 for Colombia and Peru  while, in the case of 
Ecuador, most of the liberalization will be achieved by 2027. By the end of the implementation, 
Colombia will maintain duties on 274 lines (3.5% of tariff lines and 0% of imports), Ecuador on 242 
lines (3.2% of the tariff and 1%  of imports ) and Peru on 147  lines (2% of the tariff  and 1.9%  of 
imports ). 
Table 3.1 Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Tariff elimination commitments under the 
Agreement and corresponding average imports from the UK  
 
MFN 
duty 
free 
in 
2021  
Duty  free under the 
EU-Andean countries 
Agreement  in 2021  
2022  
2023  
2024  
2025  
2027  
2028  
2032  
2034  Remain 
dutiable  Total  
Colombia  
Number of tariff 
lines 4,175 2,798  
526  
1  
16   
274 7,790 
% of tariff lines  53.6 35.9  
6.8  
0  
0.2   
3.5 100 
 
3 The tariff elimination schedule of Peru for specific cases with TRQ will conclude in 2030.  
4 Of the 7,790  lines in Colombia’s schedule in 2021, 7,633  (98%) were ad valorem  while 157 lines (2%) 
were compound. Of the 7,534 lines in Ecuador's schedule in 2021, 6,977 (92.6%) were ad valorem  while 17 lines 
(0.2%) were specific and 540 (7%) were compo und. Of the 7,370 lines in Peru’s schedule in 2021, 7,633 (99.4%) 
were ad valorem  while 44 lines (0.6%) were specific and 3 (0.04%) were compound.  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 15 - 
 
   
MFN 
duty 
free 
in 
2021  
Duty  free under the 
EU-Andean countries 
Agreement  in 2021  
2022  
2023  
2024  
2025  
2027  
2028  
2032  
2034  Remain 
dutiable  Total  
Imports (USD 
millions)a 269.4  178.6   
70.1  
2.7  
0   
0.2 521 
% of imports  51.7 34.3  
13.5  
0.5  
0   
0 100 
Ecuador  
Number of tariff 
lines 2,817 1,748 1,302  
139  
1,279  
4 3 242 7,534 
% of tariff lines  37.4 23.2 17.3  
1.8  
17  
0.1 0 3.2 100 
Imports (USD 
millions)a 46.1 47.2 16  
21.8  
12  
0 0 1.5 144.5  
% of imports  31.9 32.7 11  
15.1  
8.3  
0 0 1 100 
Peru  
Number of tariff 
lines 5,119 1,362  
742       
147* 7,370 
% of tariff lines  69.5 18.5  
10.1       
2 100 
Imports (USD 
millions)a 140 40.3  
42.3       
4.2 226.9  
% of imports  61.7 17.8  
18.7       
1.9 100 
a Average imports in 2018 -2020. 
* Includes tariff lines subject to TRQs, price band  system or  reduced preferential rates.  
Note:  Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature for Colombia, HS 2012 for Ecuador and HS 2007 for Peru.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on the data provided by Colombia, Ecuador and Peru under the EU-Andean 
countries Agreement and WTO -IDB. 
 
3.7.  Chart 3.1 shows  the timing of  tariff elimination by Colombia, Ecuador and Peru under the 
Agreement by HS Section. For all Andean countries duties remain at the end of implementation in 
HS Sections I (live animals), II (vegetable products),  IV (foodstuff) and VI (chemicals). Colombia 
and Ecuador will also maintain duties in HS Section III (fats and oils).   WT/REG425/1  
 
- 16 - 
 
  Chart 3.1 Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Tariff elimination under the Agreement, by HS 
Section  
 
Note:  Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature for Colombia, HS 2012 f or Ecuador and HS 2007 for Peru.  
 Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded.   
Source:  WTO estimates based on the data provided by Colombia, Ecuador and Peru under the Agreement 
with the EU and the WTO -IDB. 
3.8.  Table 3.2 shows the number of tariff lines remaining dutiable at the end of implementation 
with the corresponding average duties by HS Section. Average ad-valorem  duties range between 
38.5% (animal products) and 10% (fats and oils) for Colombia, 22.7% (animal produc ts) and 1 4% 
(foodstuff ) for Ecuador and 7.9% (animal products) and 4% (foodstuff ) for Peru.   
Table 3.2 Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Remaining dutiable lines and average duties  
tariff by HS Section  
HS Sections  Remaining dutiable lines  Average dutiable tariff  
Colombia  Ecuador  Peru  Colombia  Ecuador  Peru  
I 82 87 51 38.5 22.7 7.9 
II 74 36 21 22.3 18.8 6 
III 43 40 - 10 0+MEP  - 
IV 62 75 73 12.3 14 4 
VI 13 4 2 11 15 4.5 
Note:  For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded, and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation.  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature for Colombia, HS 2012 for Ecu ador and HS 2007 for Peru.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on the data provided by Colombia, Ecuador and Peru under the Agreement 
with the EU and the WTO -IDB. 
 
3.9.  Chart 3.2 shows remaining average preferential duties and margins of preference by HS 
Chapter granted by  Andean countries  to the UK . While duties will remain in a number of HS Chapter s, 
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXIPeru
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXIEcuador
MFN Duty-free lines 2021
2022 2023
2024 2025
2027 2028
2032 2034
Remaining Dutiable0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXIColombiaWT/REG425/1  
 
- 17 - 
 
  all Andean countries tend to provide better market access to UK products under the Agreement in 
almost all of those Chapter s.5  
Chart 3.2 Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Average of remaining dutiable rates by HS 
Chapter  
 
Note:  For the calculation of averages for non -ad valorem  tariffs, specific rates are excluded, and the 
ad valorem  parts of alternate rates are included.  
*  Preferential duties  are subject to Price band system for HS chapters 12, 15, 23 and 35.  
**  For some lines in Chapter 17, the ad valorem  component of the MFN duties were eliminated and only 
the specific duties were retained in the preferential tariffs.  
***  HS chapters 4, 10  and 23 are subject to Price Band System.  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature for Colombia, HS 2012 for Ecuador and HS 2007 for Peru.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.  
 
3.1.3.2   United Kingdom  
3.10.  Table 3.3 shows the UK's tariff elimination commitments under the Agreement for Colombia, 
Ecuador and Peru. In 2021 , the UK provided MFN duty-free access for 4,462 (47% ) tariff lines 
corresponding to 4 2.4% of its imports from Colombia  during 2018 -2020, 5.3% of imports from 
Ecuador and 25.4% of imports from Peru.6 With the application of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement, in 2021, the UK granted duty free access for an additional 4 ,640 (48.9%) lines under 
which 21% of imports entered from  Colombia, 4 ,563 (48.1%) lines corresponding to 64.7% of 
imports from  Ecuador and 4 ,744 (50%) lines and 74.2% of imports from  Peru. For imports from 
Colombia and Peru, the UK completed  liberalization under the Agreement by 2023 while for imports 
from Ecuador tariff elimination will end by 2027. By the end of implementation, the UK will maintain 
duties on 377 lines (4% of tariff lines and 36.7% of imports) for Colombia, 320 lines (3.4% of the 
tariff and 36.7%  of imports ) for Ecuador and 267 (2.8%  of the tariff  and 0.4%  of imports ) for Peru.  
 
5 Colombia does not provide any liberalization under the Agreement in HS Chapters 04, 10, 22, 29 and 
35, Ecua dor in HS Chapters 29 and 38, and Peru in HS Chapters 04, 07, 08, 10, 11, 22, 33 and 35.  
6 Of the 9,494 lines in the UK’s schedule in 2021, 8,613 (90.7%) were ad valorem , 647 lines (6.8%) 
had specific duties, 230 (2.4%) had compound duties and 4 had mixed duties.  
0 25 50
02
04
05
07
08
10
11
12
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
29
33
35
38Colombia
*
*
**
*
*0 25 50
02
04
05
07
08
10
11
12
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
29
33
35
38Ecuador
Preferential duty Margin of preference
***
***
***0 25 50
02
04
05
07
08
10
11
12
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
29
33
35
38PeruWT/REG425/1  
 
- 18 - 
 
  Table 3.3 UK: Tariff elimination commitments under the Agreement and corresponding 
average trade  
 
MFN duty free in 
2021  Duty free under 
the EU -Andean 
countries 
Agreement in 
2021  
2022  
2023  
2024  
2027  Remaining Dutiable  
Colombia  
Number of tariff lines  4,462  4,640   
15   
377 
% of tariff lines  47 48.9  
0.2   
4 
Imports  
(USD millions)a 237 117.4   
0   
205.1  
% of imports  42.4 21  
0   
36.7 
Ecuador  
Number of tariff lines  4,462  4,563  21  
10
8 20 320 
% of tariff lines  47 48.1 0.2  
1.
1 0.2 3.4 
Imports  
(USD millions)a 10.7 131.2  0  
0 0 60.9 
% of imports  5.3 64.7 0  
0 0 30 
Peru  
Number of tariff lines  4,462  4,744   
21   
267 
% of tariff lines  47 50  
0.2   
2.8 
Imports  
(USD millions)a 132.5  387.4   
0   
2.1 
% of imports  25.4 74.2  
0   
0.4 
a Average imports in 2018 -2020. 
Note:  Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on the data provided by UK authorities . 
 
3.11.  Chart 3.3 shows  the timing of  tariff elimination by the UK under the Agreement by HS Section. 
At the end of implementation, the UK will maintain dut ies in HS Sections I (live animals), 
II (vegetable pr oducts),  IV (foodstuff) and VI (chemicals)  on imports from all Andean countries .  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 19 - 
 
  Chart 3.3 UK: Tariff elimination under the Agreement, by HS Section  
 
Note:  Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on the data provided by UK authorities . 
 
3.12.  Table 3.4 shows the number of tariff lines re maining dutiable at the end of implementation 
with the corresponding average duties by HS Section. Average ad-valorem  duties range between 
13.5% (foodstuff ) and 7.4% (chemicals ) for imports from Colombia, 24% (chemicals ) and 8% 
(vegetable products ) for imports from Ecuador and 12.4% (animal products) and 7.6% (chemicals ) 
for imports from Peru. 
Table 3.4 UK: Remaining dutiable lines and average dutiable tariff by HS Section  
HS Sections  Remaining dutiabl e lines  Average dutiable tariff  
Colombia  Ecuador  Peru  Colombia  Ecuador  Peru  
I 209 168 123 10 12.1 12.4 
II 53 41 39 11 8 - 
IV 91 87 87 13.5 16 11.5 
VI 24 24 18 7.5 24 7.6 
-  Specific rates only.  
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded from the computations.  
 For tariff lines subject to seasonal duties, the average rate for the year is used and the products 
classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level are counted once and their rates average d at the 8 -digit level . 
 For the calculation of averages for non -ad valorem  tariffs, specific rates are excluded, and the 
ad valorem  parts of alternate rates are included.  
 Based on the HS 2017 Nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by  UK authorities . 
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
    I
   II
  III
   IV
    V
   VI
  VII
 VIII
   IX
    X
   XI
  XII
 XIII
  XIV
   XV
  XVI
 XVII
XVIII
  XIX
   XX
  XXIColombia
0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
    I
   II
  III
   IV
    V
   VI
  VII
 VIII
   IX
    X
   XI
  XII
 XIII
  XIV
   XV
  XVI
 XVII
XVIII
  XIX
   XX
  XXIEcuador
MFN Duty-free lines 2021
2022 2023
2024 2027
Remaining Dutiable0% 25% 50% 75% 100%
    I
   II
  III
   IV
    V
   VI
  VII
 VIII
   IX
    X
   XI
  XII
 XIII
  XIV
   XV
  XVI
 XVII
XVIII
  XIX
   XX
  XXIPeruWT/REG425/1  
 
- 20 - 
 
  3.13.  Chart 3.4 shows remaining average preferential duties and margins of preference by 
HS Chapter granted by the UK to the Andean countri es. While duties will remain in a number of 
HS Chapter s, the UK tends to provide better market access to imports from the Andean countries  
under the Agreement in some of those Chapters .7  
Chart 3.4 UK: Average of remaining dutiable rates by HS Chapter  
 
Note:  * includes s pecific rates at the MFN level and/or under the Agreement .  
 For the calculation of averages for non -ad valorem  tariffs, specific rates are excluded, and the 
ad valorem  parts of alternate rates are included. Based on the HS 2017 Nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by UK authorities.  
 
3.1.4   Tariff rate quotas  
3.14.  All Parties apply bilateral tariff -rate quotas (TRQs) under the Agreement in addition to the 
TRQs they maintain at the multilateral level. Generally,  in-quota rates are zero while out of quota 
rates are either the applied MFN rates or a preferential margin of the applied MFN rate. Details are 
available in Annex 2 .  
3.1.5   Price -band  systems  
3.15.  Colombia, Ecuador and Peru apply , on an MFN -level, system s that control the import price of 
certain agricultural goods. Under the Agreement, Colombia and Ecuador can continue to apply the 
Andean Price Band System8 and Peru the Price Band System9 (Article 30 of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement ). Annex 3 provide s the list of tariff lines subject to the se systems . 
 
7 The UK does not provide any liberalization under the Agreement compared to the MFN in HS Chapters 
08, 10, 11, 16, 21, 22, 29, 35 and 38 for Colombia, HS Chapters 02, 08, 10, 16, 21, 29, 35 and 38  for 
Ecuador , and HS Chapters 02, 04, 08, 11,  16, 29, 35 and 38  for Peru . 
8 Established in Decision 371 of the Andean Community and its modifications, or subsequent systems 
for agricultural goods covered by such Decision.  
9 Established in the Supreme Decree 115 -2001-EF and its modifications, or subse quent systems for 
agricultural goods covered by such Decree.  
*
*
*
*
*
*
*0 10 20
02
04
07
08
10
11
16
17
18
20
21
22
29
35
38Colombia
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*0 10 20
02
04
07
08
10
11
16
17
18
20
21
22
29
35
38Ecuador
Preferential duty Margin of preference
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*0 10 20
02
04
07
08
10
11
16
17
18
20
21
22
29
35
38PeruWT/REG425/1  
 
- 21 - 
 
  3.16.  The Agreement modifies Appendix 1 to Annex I of the EU -Andean countries Agreement so 
that t he UK may apply specific duties linked to the EU entry price system on originating goods 
provided for in the tar iff lines in staging category '0 + EP ' and 'AV0 + EP '.10  
3.2  Rules of origin  
3.17.  The Agreement modifies Annex II of the EU -Andean countries Agreement covering rules of 
origin.  
3.18.  A good qualifies as originating if it is either wholly obtained in one of the Parties or produced 
in one of the Parties incorporating non-originating materials which have undergone sufficient working 
or processing in the Party within the meaning of Article 6  of Annex II  (Article 2 of Annex II). The 
sufficient  working or processing requireme nts are either  a change in tariff classification (CTC), a 
percentage of the ex -works price of the product, a specific processing requirement or any other 
applicable requirement in Appendix 2 of Annex II , including as amended by  Annex VI to the Accession 
Protocol.  
3.19.  The EU-Andean countries Agreement allows for bilateral cumulation between the EU and 
Colombia, Ecuador and Peru ( paragraphs (1)-(2) Article 3 of Annex II).  It also provides for 
conditional extended  cumulation between Colombia, Ecuador and Peru and: Costa Rica, El Salvador, 
Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Venezuela and Bolivia ( paragraphs (3) to (6)  Article 3 of 
Annex II). The Agreement adds Article 3A to Annex II providing for extended cumul ation for material 
originating in the EU. Moreover, at the request of a Party and under certain conditions, materials 
originating in a Central American (including Mexico), South American or Caribbean country shall be 
considered as materials originating in the Party (Article 4 of Annex II). Cumulation of origin with 
those third countries may be applied provided that , among other things : a) there are preferential 
trade agreement s in force that are in conformity with Article XXIV of the GATT 1994 between the 
Andean Countries and the non -party concerned, and between the UK and such non -party, b) 
equivalent provisions are contained in these agreements for the cumulation to apply in reciprocal 
manner , and c) the notices indicating the fulfilment of the necessary r equirements to apply 
cumulation are published.11  
3.20.  Annex II includes a de minimis  provision, under which non-originating materials  which, 
according to the conditions set ou t in the list in Appendix 2 , should no t be used in the manufacture  
of a product, may nevertheless be used, provided that their total value  does not exceed 10% of the 
ex-works price of the good (Article 6 of Annex II). Specific rules are defined for textiles and apparel 
(Appendix 1 to Annex II).  
3.21.  The Agreement also allows for an absorption rule, by which  when determining the origin ating 
status of a final product, the Parties will not take into account the non -originating materials contained 
in an intermediate good that has already acquired originating status and that has be en used in the 
manufacture of the final product (Article 6 of Annex II).  
3.22.  Sections 3 and 4 of Annex II, partially modified by the Agreement, contain detailed disciplines 
on territorial requirements and proof of origin,  respectively. Section 5 of Annex II pr ovides for 
arrangements for administrative cooperation. Section 6 of Annex II is replaced by an Article 
specifying that the term European Union used in Annex II does not cover Ceuta and Melilla.  
 
10 There are 28 tariff lines (vegetables, fruits, grape juice and must) that may be subject to the entry 
price system. The UK clarified that the entry price system has been removed and the specifi c duties are not 
applied to Andean countries . 
11 All notices concerning the fulfilment from the UK on cumulation are published here: 
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/notice -of-fulfilment -from-the-united -kingdom -on-cumulation -
with-trading -partners -decemb er-2020/notice -of-fulfilment -from-the-united -kingdom -on-cumulation -with-
trading -partners -31-december -2020. For the Andean countries, Arrangements for administrative cooperation 
between the Andean Community General Secret ariat (SGCAN) and the Secretariat for Central American 
Economic Integration (SIECA) were established. The Parties informed that the UK recognizes cumulation of 
materials from Central American partners in Andean exports to the UK. In addition, extended cumu lation under 
Article 4 of Annex II has not been requested by the Parties.  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 22 - 
 
  3.3  Export duties and charges, and quantitative restrictions  
3.23.  Export taxes or duties (other than internal charges) are prohibited under the Agreement 
(Article  25 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). The Agreement also forbids the application of 
any measure that prohibits or restricts exports of the other Party, except as provided in Article  XI of 
the GATT 1994, which is incorporated into the Agreement (Article  23 of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement ).  
3.4  Regulatory provisions on trade in goods  
3.4.1   Standards  
3.4.1.1   Sanitary and phytosanitary measures  
3.24.  The Agreement does not modify Chapter 5 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement on sanitary 
and phytosanitary (SPS) measures . The Parties reaffirm their rights and obligations under the WTO 
SPS Agreement (Article 86  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). In a ddition, the y include a 
number of provisions building upon the WTO SPS Agreement  such as import requirements (Article 
91), import procedures (Article 92) , measures linked to animal and plant health (Article 94) and 
equivalence (Article 95).   
3.4.1.2   Technical barr iers to trade  
3.25.  The Agreement does not modify Chapter 4 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement on technical 
barriers to trade (TBT). The Parties reaffirm their rights and obligations under the WTO TBT 
Agreement (Article 73  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ) and include a number of provisions 
building upon the WTO TBT Agreement.  
3.4.2   Safeguard mechanisms  
3.4.2.1   Global safeguards  
3.26.  The Parties retain their rights and obligations under Article XIX of the GATT 1994 and the 
Agreement on Safeguards (hereafter the Safeguards Ag reement), and do not take any additional 
commitments under the Agreement in this area (Article  43 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ), 
except for on transparency and notifications.  
3.27.  The dispute settlement mechanism under the Agreement does not apply to t he provisions on 
global safeguards (Article 47  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). 
3.4.2.2   Bilateral safeguards  
3.28.  The Parties may apply bilateral safeguards if as a result of the trade liberalization under the 
Agreement imports of a good cause injury , or a threat  thereof , to sectors in the importing Party 
producing a like or directly competitive good  (Article 48 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). 
The measure can be applied only following an investigation by the Parties' competent authorities 
and during a trans ition period, in general, of ten years from the date of entry into force of the 
Agreement.12 The measure will consist of a suspension of further tariff reductions under the 
Agreement or the increase of tariffs to a level that will not exceed the MFN applie d tariff in effect at 
the time the action is taken or the rate as specified in the Parties' schedule.  
3.4.2.3   Agricultural safeguards  
3.29.  Colombia, Ecuador and Peru may apply an additional import duty to agricultural goods if 
imports of these goods exceed a certain l evel (i.e. trigger level). Annex IV of the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement as modified by the Agreement includes the list of tariff lines subject to 
agricultural safeguards and the respective trigger levels. Colombia applies agricultural safeguards 
 
12 For goods that have a tariff -elimination period of ten years or greater, t he "transition period " 
corresponds to the tariff -elimination period plus three years (Article 49  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). WT/REG425/1  
 
- 23 - 
 
  on 15 lin es (dairy products and preparations of cereals), Ecuador on 9 (onions and dried leguminous 
vegetables) and Peru on 28 (swine meat, dairy products and sausages).  
3.4.2.4   Other special safeguards  
3.30.  For Ecuador, serious injury or threat of harm serious injury to domest ic producers referred to 
in Article 48 of the EU-Andean countries Agreement shall also be understood as serious injury or 
threat of serious injury in an infant industry  (Annex I of the Accession Protocol).  
3.4.2.5   Safeguards related to the balance of payments  
3.31.  In the event of serious difficulties (or threat) related to the balance -of-payments or the 
external financial environment, the Parties can maintain or adopt any restrictive measure affecting 
establishment, or trade in goods or services (including on payments o r transfers related to such 
transactions) in accordance with WTO Agreements and IMF regulations (Article 297  of the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement ).  
3.4.3   Anti-dumping and countervailing measures  
3.32.  The Parties confirm their rights and obligations under the WTO Agr eements on Antidumping, 
Subsidies and Countervailing measures, and Rules of Origin ( Article 37  of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement ) and grant exclusive jurisdiction to the WTO dispute settlement system over these issues 
by proscribing the use of the dispu te settlement mechanism under the Agreement ( Article 42  of the 
EU-Andean countries Agreement ).  
3.4.4   Subsidies and state -aid 
3.33.  The Parties also reaffirm their existing rights and obligations under Article XVII of the GATT 
on State trading enterprises, and its und erstanding, which are incorporated into the Agreement. In 
particular, they commit to ensure that State -owned companies act in accordance with the Agreement 
(Article  27 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
3.34.  The Parties prohibit the application of export s ubsidies (or other measures with equivalent 
effect) on agricultural goods which are fully liberalized under the Agreement and express their 
commitment to work jointly in the WTO to reach an agreement on the elimination of export subsidies. 
If a Party maint ains, introduces or reintroduces subsidies on the export of goods liberalized (partially 
or fully) under the Agreement, the importing Party may apply an additional tariff that will increase 
customs duties for imports of such good up to the level of the MFN  applied duty or the base rate set 
out in the Parties tariff schedules, whichever is lower, for the period the export subsidy is applied. 
The elimination of this additional tariff requires that the exporting Party removes the subsidy (Article 
32 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). 
3.4.5   Customs -related procedures  
3.35.  In Chapter 3 of Title III of the EU -Andean countries Agreement  incorporated into the 
Agreement,  on customs and trade facilitation, the Parties agree to promote and reinforce cooperation 
on customs and trade facilitation matters, and to establish transparent, and simplified procedures 
to reduce costs and ensure predictability for exporters and importers . The Parties commit to make 
publicly available all their customs related regulations, and procedures and to maintain inquiry points 
concerning customs matters. The Parties shall apply the WTO Agreement on Customs Valuation to 
their bilateral trade and commit to ensure freedom of transit through their territor ies (Article s 63 
and 65  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
4  PROVISIONS ON TRADE IN SERVICES  
4.1.  The provisions on trade in services of the Agreement are  essentially  identical to those in the 
EU-Andean countries Agreement . WT/REG425/1  
 
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  4.1  Scope and definitions  
4.2.  Trade in services is governed by Title IV  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement  which covers, 
inter alia,  cross-border trade in services (Chapter 3), establishment of investors (Chapter 2), 
movement of natural pers ons (Chapter 4) and electronic commerce.13 The Parties' commitments for 
modes 1,2,3 and 4 are in Annexes VII -IX of the EU -Colombia and Peru Agreement as amended by 
the Accession Protocol  of Ecuador. Some provisions of Annexes VII to IX were modified by the  Annex 
of the Agreement in order to adapt them to the UK new circumstances.  
4.3.  Commitments in modes 1, 2 and 3 apply to all sectors, except for audio -visual services, 
maritime cabotage services and most of air transport services.14 For mode 3, mining, manufacturing 
and processing of nuclear materials as well as the production and trade of arms and munitions are 
also excluded (Article 111  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
4.2  Denial of benefits  
4.4.  The EU-Andean countries Agreement  and, therefore, the Agre ement, does not contain a denial 
of benefits provision per se . However, only companies of a Party can benefit  from the Agreement 
where companies of a Party  are defined as companies that have been set up in accordance with the 
Party's legislation, have thei r main office registered in the territory of that Party and possess a real 
and continuous link with the economy of that Party (Article 108  of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement ).  
4.3  General provisions on trade in services  
4.3.1   Market access  
4.5.  The Parties agree to gr ant services, service suppliers, establishments,  and investors of another 
Party treatment no less favourable than that provided for in their lists of commitments (Annexes 
VII-IX of the EU -Andean countries Agreement as amended by the Accession Protocols ) with respect 
to market access.  
4.3.2   National treatment and MFN  
4.6.  In sectors w ith market access commitments, the Parties shall grant national treatment to 
services, service suppliers, establishments and investors of the other Party for any measure affecting 
the cro ss-border supply of services and establishment (Articles 113 and 120 of the EU-Andean 
countries Agreement).  
4.7.  The EU-Andean countries Agreement  does not make reference to MFN treatment.  
4.3.3   Commercial presence  
4.8.  Under Chapter 2 of Title IV of the EU -Andean countri es Agreement the Parties allow the 
establishment of juridical persons of a Party to conduct an economic activity in the territory of the 
other Party and make commitments on national treatment and market access. The Chapter covers 
investment -related matters  for services and non -services sectors.   
4.9.  Chapter 2 does not include provisions on investment protection nor investor -State dispute 
settlement procedures (Article 111  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). Dispute settlement 
mechanisms established under any existing or future international agreement concluded by any of 
the Parties and relating to investment cannot be applied to alleged breaches of Chapter 2 on 
establishment (Article 115  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). Disputes ari sing under Chapter 
 
13 Title IV does not apply to Government procurement, subsidies, measures affecting natural persons 
seeking access to the labour market of a Party, or to measures regarding citizenship, residence or employment 
on a permanent ba sis (Article 107  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). 
The EU -Andean countries Agreement 's coverage regarding air transport services is broader than in the 
GATS as it covers ground handling services and airport operation services (excluded from the GATS) in addition 
to aircraft repair and maintenance services, computer reservation system services, and the sale and marketing 
of air transport services (Articles 111 and 118  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). WT/REG425/1  
 
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  2 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement are covered by the dispute resolution mechanism of the 
Agreement, except disputes between the signatory Andean Countries.  
4.3.4   Movement of natural persons  
4.10.  Under Chapter 4 of Title IV  of the EU -Andean cou ntries Agreement  and, therefore, under the 
Agreement , upon the fulfilment of certain conditions, the Parties commit to authorize the temporary 
entry of key personnel, graduate trainees, business services sellers , contractual services suppliers 
(in certain sectors),  independent professionals (in certain sectors) and short-term visitors for 
business purposes. The Chapter is complemented by Annex  IX of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement which contains the Parties' lists of reservations on the movement of key pe rsonnel, 
graduate trainees,  and contractual services suppliers  (Table 4.1).  
Table 4.1 Business persons authorized by the Parties  
Authorized categories and scope of 
application  Length of stay that is 
allowed by the Parties  
under the Agreement  Length of stay that is 
allowed by the Parties  
under the GATS  
Key personnel (includes business vis itors 
and intra -corporate transferees)    
Employees of a company of the other Party 
who are responsible for the setting -up or 
management of an establishment, or  
Management and operation of an 
establishment. Commitments apply to sectors 
with mode 3 commitments and are subject to 
reservations.  Maximum three years, for 
intra-corporate transferees, 
and 90 days in a year for 
business visitors  Colombia  and Ecu ador: 
duration not specified  
Peru:  three y ears 
(extendable for successive 
periods o f not more than 
three years)  
UK: defined by the UK laws 
and regulations regarding 
entry, stay and work  
Graduate trainees    
Graduates employed in a company of a Party 
for at least one year and who are temporarily 
transferred to an establishment in the other 
Party for training or career development 
purposes. Commitments apply to sectors w ith 
mode 3 commitments and are subject to  
reservations.  Maximum one year  Colombia and Ecuador  and 
Peru: no commitments  
UK: no commitments  
Business services sellers    
Representatives of a company of one Party 
who seek to negotiate on behalf of its 
company the sale of a service in the other 
Party. Commitments apply to sectors with 
mode 1 -3 commitments and are subject to 
reservations.  Maximum 90 days per year  Colombia and  Ecuador  and 
Peru: no commitments  
UK: defined by the UK laws 
and regulations regarding 
entry, stay and work  
Contractual services supplier    
Employees of a company of one Party without 
commercial presence in the other Party, who 
enter that Party to supply a service pursuant 
to a contract concluded by their company and 
operate in any of the sectors listed in Article 
126 of the EU -Andean countrie s Agreement  
and Annex 1 of the Accession Protocol. 
Commitments are subject to reservations.  Cumulative period of 
maximum six months or the 
duration of the contract, 
whichever is shorter  Colombia and Ecuador  and 
Peru: no commitments  
UK: defined by the UK laws 
and regulations regarding 
entry, stay and work  
Independent professionals    
Self-employed person of a Party without 
commercial presence in the other Party, who 
pursuant to a contract seeks to temporarily 
enter that Party to supply a service listed in 
Annex I of the Accession Protocol to a 
consumer there. Commitments are subject to  
reservations.  Cumulative period of 
maximum six months or the 
duration of the contract, 
whichever is shorter  Colombia and Ecuador  and 
Peru: no commitments  
UK: no commitments  
Short -term visitors for business 
purposes    
Business persons willing to conduct research 
and design activities, as well as marketing 
research/analysis. Commitments are subject 
to reservations.  Maximum 90 days per year  Colombia and Ecuador  and 
Peru: no commitments  
UK: no commitments  
Source:  EU-Andean countries Agreement.  WT/REG425/1  
 
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  4.4  Liberalization commitments  
4.11.  The Parties schedule their commitments in trade in services for modes 1 -4 using a positive 
list approach . Commitments for mode 3 are presented in Annex VII of the EU -Andean countries 
Agreement while commitments for modes 1 and 2 are  in Annex VIII . Finally, Annex  IX contain s the 
Parties ' reservations on mode 4.  
4.4.1   Colombia, Ecuador and Peru  
4.12.  The Agreement does not modify the liberalization commitments of Colombia, Ecuador and 
Peru under the EU-Andean countries Agreement.15 Details  on these  can be found in the factual 
presentations of the EU -Colombia and Peru Agreement  (document WT/REG333/1/Rev.1 ) and of the 
accession of Ecuador to the EU -Colombia and Peru Agreement  (WT/REG380/1/Rev.1 ).  
4.13.  Under the Agreement, Colombia expanded the coverage of sectors compared to the GATS by 
adding new commitments in sect ors such as research and development services, real estate services, 
postal and courier services, distribution services, environmental services, recreational and cultural 
sporting services and transport services. For the sectors already included in its GATS Schedule , 
Colombia generally improved its commitments.  
4.14.  Under the Agreement, Ecuador expanded the coverage of sectors compared to the GATS by 
adding new commitments in sectors such as real estate services, postal and courier services, 
construction service s, distribution services and transport services. For the sectors already included 
in its GATS  Schedule , Colombia generally improved its commitments.  
4.15.  Under the Agreement, Peru expanded the coverage of sectors compared to the GATS by 
adding new commitments i n sectors such as computer and related services, research and 
development services, real estate services, postal and courier services, construction services, 
distribution services, education services, environmental services, recreational and cultural sport ing 
services and transport services. For the sectors already included in its GATS  Schedule , Peru generally 
improved its commitments.  
4.4.2   United Kingdom  
4.4.2.1   Horizontal commitments  
4.16.  In its horizontal GATS commitments, the UK maintains a market access limitation on 
commercial presence for public utilities which may be subject to public monopolies or to exclusive 
rights granted to private operators. National treatment limitations on mode 3 are maintained with 
respect to i) legal entities of branches, agencies, and repre sentative offices and subsidiaries, ii) 
subsidies for branches established in the UK by a company of another WTO Member and subsidies 
for research and development. Horizontal limitations are also scheduled for mode 4.  
4.17.  Under the Agreement, the UK includes a horizontal reservation for public utilities which may 
be subject to public monopolies or to exclusive rights granted to private operators. It also reserves 
the right to grant different treatment to subsidiaries, and t o branches or agencies of foreign 
companies established in the EU.  
4.4.2.2   Sector -specific commitments  
4.18.  Table 4.2 provides a comparison of the UK's GATS specif ic commitments in modes 1 -3 with 
those taken under the Agreement.16 Horizontal limitations and MFN reservations are not considered 
in the table which should be read in conjunction with Annexes VII, VIII and IX to the EU-Andean 
countries Agreement.  
 
15 The only minor modification to the sche dules of commitment was for Ecuador in financial services 
which replaced the European Securities and Markets Authority as a Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating 
Organization with the Financial Conduct Authority as a Credit Rating Agency.  
16 As of the da te of this factual presentation, there is no certified UK Schedule of Specific Commitments 
therefore the proposed draft (circulated as document S/C/W/380) is used for the comparison.  WT/REG425/1  
 
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  Table 4.2 UK: comparison between the GATS and Agreement specific commitments in 
trade in services  
Sectors / Sub -sectors  GATS  FTA 
Compared 
to GATS  Trade in services  Investment  
Sector 
coverage  Commit -
mentsa Sector 
coverage  Commit -
mentsa 
1. Business services        
A. Professional  Services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
B. Computer  and Related  Services  Full Same  Full Full Full Full 
C. Research  and Development  Services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
D. Real  Estate  Services  Full Same  Full Full Full Full 
E. Rental/Leasing  Services  without   
Operators  Partial  Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
F. Other  Business  Services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Full 
2. Communication services        
A. Postal  services  --- Improved  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
B. Courier  services  --- Improved  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
C. Telecommunication  services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Partial  Partial  
D. Audiovisual services  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
E. Other  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
3. Construction and related engineering 
services        
A. General  construction  work for buildings  Partial  Improved  Full Full Full Full 
B. General  construction  work for civil  
Engineering  Partial  Improved  Full Full Full Full 
C. Installation  and assembly  work  Partial  Improved  Full Full Full Full 
D. Building  completion  and finishing  work  Partial  Improved  Full Full Full Full 
E. Other  Partial  Improved  Full Full Full Full 
4. Distribution services        
A. Commission  agents'  services  Partial  Same  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
B. Wholesale  trade  services  Partial  Same  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
C. Retailing  services  Partial  Same  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
D. Franchising  Partial  Same  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
E. Other  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
5. Education services        
A. Primary education services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
B. Secondary education services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
C. Higher education services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
D. Adult education  Partial  Same  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
E. Other education services  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
6. Environmental services        
A. Sewage services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Full Full 
B. Refuse disposal services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Full Full 
C. Sanitation and similar services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Full Full 
D. Other  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Full Full 
7. Financial services        
A. All  insurance  and insurance -
related  services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Full Full 
B. Banking  and other  financial  services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
8. Health related and social services        
A. Hospital services  Partial  Same  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
B. Other Human Health Services  --- New --- --- Partial  Partial  
C. Social Services  Partial  Same  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
D. Other  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
9. Tourism and travel related services        
A. Hotels  and restaurants (including 
catering)  Partial  Same  Partial  Full Full Partial  
B. Travel  agencies  and tour operators   
services  Full Same  Full Full Full Full 
C. Tourist  guides  services  Full Same  Full Full Full Full 
D. Other  --- Same  --- --- --- --- WT/REG425/1  
 
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  Sectors / Sub -sectors  GATS  FTA 
Compared 
to GATS  Trade in services  Investment  
Sector 
coverage  Commit -
mentsa Sector 
coverage  Commit -
mentsa 
10. Recreational and cultural and sporting 
services        
A. Entertainment  services  Partial  Same  Partial  Partial  Full Full 
B. News agency services  Full Same Full Full Full Full 
C. Libraries, archives, museums and other 
cultural services  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
D. Sporting and other recreational 
services  Partial  Same  Partial  Full Partial  Full 
E. Other  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
11. Transport services        
A. Maritime Transport Services  --- Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
B. Internal Waterways Transport  --- Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
C. Air  Transport  Services  Partial  Same  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
D. Space  Transport  --- Same  --- --- --- --- 
E. Rail  Transport  Services  Partial  Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
F. Road  Transport  Services  Partial  Same  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
G. Pipeline  Transport  --- Improved  --- --- Partial  Full 
H. Services  auxiliary  to all modes  of  
transport  Partial  Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
I. Other  Transport  Services  Partial  Same  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
12. Other services not included elsewhere  --- Improved  Partial  Partial  Partial  Partial  
Note:  MFN and Horizontal limitations, as well as Mode 4 commitments/limitations are not considered in the 
table. 
a Information in this column refers only to commitmen ts in sectors or sub -sectors covered under the 
Agreement.  
Full: Full coverage or s pecific commitments not subject to limitation(s) under market access or national 
treatment.  
Partial:  Partial coverage or s pecific commitments subject to some limitation(s) u nder market access or 
national treatment.  
---: No specific commitment; sector or subsector excluded from the GATS and/or the Agreement.  
New: New commitments under the Agreement compared to the GATS . 
Improved: Overall improved commitments under the Agreement compared to those under the GATS.  
Source:  UK schedules annexed to the Agreement and its GATS Specific Commitments (S/C/W/380).  
 
4.4.2.2.1   Business services  
4.19.  The coverage of professional services under the Agreement is expanded with the inclusion of 
commitm ents on certain legal services and veterinary laboratory and technical services which are 
not included in the UK's GATS schedules. The UK also liberalized, with some limitations, research 
and development services in the natural sciences and interdisciplina ry R&D. In rental/leasing 
services without operators, the UK has added telecommunications equipment rental services. In 
other business, photographic services, packaging services, telecommunications consulting services 
and telephone answering services are f ully liberalized under the Agreement.  
4.4.2.2.2   Communication services  
4.20.  The UK removed all limitations in a number of postal and courier services for the handling of 
postal items with some exceptions depending on the price relative to the public basic price and the 
weight of the items of correspondence. In telecommunications, satellite broadcast transmission 
services are liberalized but must  safeguard general interest objectives related to the conveyance of 
content in line with the United Kingdom regulatory framework for electronic communications.  
4.4.2.2.3   Distribution services  
4.21.  Excluding trade in arms, chemical products, explosives and precious metals, the UK liberalized 
commission agents services, wholesale trade services and franchising under the Agreement as it did 
under the  GATS. Mode 1 for retailing services remain unbound except for mail order.  WT/REG425/1  
 
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  4.4.2.2.4   Education services  
4.22.  Privately funded education services are fully liberalized for modes 1 and 2 as under the GATS. 
Participation by private operators in primary, secondary and higher  education networks is subject to 
concession s for mode 3.  
4.4.2.2.5   Environmental services  
4.23.  The UK improved its GATS commitments for environmental services by liberalizing cross -
border trade in consulting services.  
4.4.2.2.6   Financial services  
4.24.  Under the GATS, the UK largely liberalized financial services and make s a best endeavour  
commitment  to consider within 6 months complete applications for licenses to conduct direct 
insurance and underwriting, banking, and investment services in securities through the 
establishme nt in the UK of a subsidiary of undertakings governed by the laws of another WTO 
Member. Under the Agreement, direct insurance and intermediation services remain unbound except 
for insurance of risks relating to activities such as maritime shipping, commer cial aviation, space 
launching and freight (including satellites) and goods in international transit. In banking and other 
financial services, cross -border trade remains largely unbound (except for the provision of financial 
information and data processing  and for advisory and other auxiliary services excluding 
intermediation) while no limitations are maintained for mode 2. For mode 3, only firms with 
registered office in the United Kingdom can act as depositories of the assets of investment funds. 
The esta blishment of a specialised management company, having its head office and registered 
office in the United Kingdom, is required to perform the activities of management of unit trusts and 
investment companies.  
4.4.2.2.7   Health related and social services  
4.25.  Under the GAT S, the UK removed all limitations on market access and national treatment for 
modes 2 and 3 for hospital services and some social services subject to a public utilities ' reservation. 
Under the Agreement,  participation by private operators in the health and  social network is subject 
to concession s and economic needs tests may apply. Moreover, t he UK expanded the coverage of 
other human health services by including commitment in mode 3 for ambulance services and 
residential health facilities other than hospit al services . 
4.4.2.2.8   Tourism and travel related services  
4.26.  As under the GATS, the UK liberalized hotel, restaurants services and catering except for 
mode 1 for hotels and restaurants. Moreover, it fully liberalized travel agencies and tour operator 
services an d tourist guides services.  
4.4.2.2.9   Recreational and cultural and sporting services  
4.27.  As under the GATS, mode 1 for entertainment services remains unbound. The coverage of 
sporting and other recreational services other than gambling remains partial with full commitments 
for the covered sectors.  
4.4.2.2.10   Transport services  
4.28.  Under the Agreement, the UK included international maritime passenger and freight transport, 
except for cabotage, with no commitments on the establishment of a registered company for the 
purpose of operating a fleet under the national flag of the UK. Inter nal waterways transport services 
are also included with limitations on some traffic rights to operators, nationality criteria regarding 
ownership and the establishment of a registered company for the purpose of operating a fleet under 
the national flag of the UK. Maintenance and repair of aircrafts, sales and marketing and computer 
reservations systems are partially covered under the agreement as they are under the GATS. Rail 
passenger and freight transport services are included with no limitations for mode  2 and subject to 
a public utilities' reservation for mode 3.  Passenger and freight road transportation except cabotage 
are covered under the GATS and taxi services are subject to economic needs test.  Limitations in WT/REG425/1  
 
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  mode 3 are eliminated for pipeline trans port of goods other than fuel. The coverage of services 
auxiliary to transport goes beyond storage and warehouse services, freight transport agency services 
and pre -shipment inspection. In other transport services, combined transport services are fully 
liberalized conditional on the limitations affecting any given mode of transport.  
4.4.2.2.11   Other services not included elsewhere  
4.29.  The UK made new commitments in a number of other services such as washing, cleaning and 
dyeing, hairdressers and cosmetic treatments.  
4.5  Regul atory provisions  
4.5.1   Domestic regulation  
4.30.  Article 131 of the EU-Andean countries Agreement on domestic regulation mirrors to a large 
extent Article VI of the GATS, while adding some new provisions. For instance, the Parties commit 
to maintain or establish judi cial, arbitral or administrative tribunal procedures to review, upon 
request, any administrative decisions affecting trade in services (modes 1 -4) and , if necessary , 
provide remedies. They also agree to jointly review the article following the conclusion o f WTO 
negotiations in this area with a view to introducing the changes into the Agreement.  
4.5.2   Recognition  
4.31.  Nothing in the EU -Andean countries Agreement shall prevent a Party from applying any 
qualification and/or professional requirement to natural persons willing to supply a service in their 
territories. The Parties shall encourage their relevant professional bodies to jointly develop and 
provide recommendations to the Trade Committee on the recognition of criteria for the authorisation, 
licensing, operation and certification of investors and service suppliers, in particular, for the provision 
of professional services (Article 129  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
4.5.3   Subsidies  
4.32.  The EU -Andean countries Agreement does not include any other provisions  on subsidies 
affecting trade in services.  
4.5.4   Safeguards  
4.33.  The Parties may maintain safeguards for balance of payments reasons  (see Section 3.4.2.5   ).  
4.6  Sector specific provisions on trade in services  
4.34.  The EU -Andean countries Agreement  includes regulatory provisions on computer services 
(Article 132  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ), postal and courier services (Articles 133 -138), 
telecommunication services (Articles  139-150), financial services (Articles 151 -159) and maritime 
transport services (Articles 160 -161).  
5  GENERAL PROVISIONS OF THE AGREEMENT  
5.1  Transparency  
5.1.  Title X of the EU-Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Agreement,  covers  
transparency matters  and administrative proceedings, and includes provisions on cooperation, the 
publication of any measure of general application , the protection of confidential information and 
exchange of information.  
5.2  Current payments and capital movements  
5.2.  Title V of the E U-Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Agreement,  covers 
current payments and movement of capital and provides for the free movement and currency 
convertibility of any bilateral payment and transfer affecting the current account of their bala nce of WT/REG425/1  
 
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  payments in accordance with IMF regulations (Article 168  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). 
The Parties shall also ensure the free movement of capital relating to direct investments as well as 
of investments and other transactions covered by Tit le IV of the EU -Andean countries Agreement 
(Trade in services, Establishment, and Electronic commerce), including their profits, liquidation and 
repatriation (Article 169  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
5.3  Exceptions  
5.3.  Article 295 of the EU-Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Agreement,  provides  
for a security exception.  
5.4.  The EU -Andean countries Agreement applies to taxation measures to the extent  necessary to 
implement the provisions of the Agreement (Article 296  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
5.4  Accession and withdrawal  
5.5.  Any member of the Andean Community which is not a Party to the Agreement may accede to 
the Agreement subject to the terms and conditions agreed between the Parties  (Article 329 of the 
EU-Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Agreement ). Article 328 of the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement covering the impact of an accession to the EU on the Agreement is not 
incorporated.  
5.6.  Any Party can withdraw from the Agre ement and the termination will take effect six months 
after the notification  (Article 331 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the 
Agreement ).  
5.5  Institutional framework  
5.7.  Article 12 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Agreement,  
establishes  a Trade Committee that comprises representatives from each Party. The Trade 
Committee is the main institutional body of the Agreement, and is responsible, among others, for 
supervising its implementation, evaluating its outcomes,  monitoring the work of the specialised Sub -
committees established under the Agreement, and considering any matter that may affect the 
operation of the Agreement.  The Parties have hold two meetings of the UK -Andean Trade Committee  
in July 2022 and in July 2023.  
5.8.  Article 15 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement establishes a number of Sub -committees  
which were incorporated in the Agreement. Those are:  Market Access, Agriculture, Technical 
Obstacles to Trade, Customs, Trade Facilitation and Rules of Origin, Gov ernment Procurement, Trade 
and Sustainable Development, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures , and Intellectual Property. The 
Subcommittees have met on two occasions in 2022 and 2023. All meetings have been held virtually 
and some have decided to undertake a  written exchange of information instead (Agriculture in 2022, 
and Customs, Trade Facilitation and Rules of Origin in 2023 ).  
5.6  Dispute settlement  
5.9.  Title XII of the EU-Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Agreement,  provides 
for a mechanism for the settlement of disputes between the Parties concerning the interpretation 
and application of the Agreement, except for disputes between Colombia, Peru and Ecuador, and as 
otherwise specified in the Agreement.  
5.10.  For disputes covered by both the Agreement and the WTO Agreement the complaining Party 
may select the forum for the settlement of the dispute.  Once the forum has been selected and the 
proceedings initiated, it cannot initiate another proceeding on the same matter in th e other forum, 
unless the forum selected fails for procedural or jurisdictional reasons  (Article 319  of the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement ). 
5.11.  The Parties will endeavour to resolve any disputes  through consultations (Article  301 of the 
EU-Andean countries Agr eement ). If consultations fail, the complaining Party can request the 
establishment of an arbitration panel (Article 302  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ) which WT/REG425/1  
 
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  must notify its ruling to the Parties and to the Trade Committee within 120 days from the d ate it 
was established (Article  307 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
5.12.  If the Party fails to comply with the panel's ruling, the complaining Party may request 
compensation from the Party complained against or, upon prior notification, suspend concessi ons to 
a level equivalent to the nullification or impairment caused by the violation. (Article 310  of the EU -
Andean countries Agreement ).  
5.13.  Title XII also provides for a mediation mechanism which applies to any non -tariff measure 
falling under the scope of Title III of the EU -Andean countries Agreement (Trade in goods), that a 
Party considers is negatively affecting trade (Article 322  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
5.7  Relationship with other agreements concluded by the Parties  
5.14.  The Parties affirm their existing rights and obligations with respect to each other under the 
WTO Agreement (Articles 5 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ).  
5.15.  Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and the United Kingdom are respectively party to 15, 8, 21 and 38 
RTAs in force notified to the W TO. Table 5.1 shows the participation of the Parties in other RTAs in 
force, both notified and not notified to the WTO.  
Table 5.1 United Kingdom, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Participation in other RTAs 
(notified and non -notified in force), as of 1 4 December 2023  
RTA Name  Entry into 
forcea Coverageb GATT/WTO Notification  
Year  WTO Provision  
UNITED KINGDOM  
United Kingdom – Australia  31-May-23 G & S  2023 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom – New Zealand  31-May-23 G & S  2023 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom – Iceland, 
Liechtenstein and Norway  01-Dec-21 G & S  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom – Mexico  01-Jun-21 G & S  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Serbia  20-May-21 G & S  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Albania  03-May-21 G & S  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Jordan  01-May-21 G 2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Ghana  05-Mar-21 G 2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
European Union - United Kingdom  01-Jan-21 G & S  2021 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Cameroon  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV 
United Kingdom - Canada  01-Jan-21 
01-Apr-21 G 
S 2020 
2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - CARIFORUM States  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Central America  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom – Chile 01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Côte d'Ivoire  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Eastern and 
Southern Africa States  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Egypt  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Faeroe Islands  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Georgia  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Israel  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Japan  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Kenya  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Kosovoc 01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Lebanon  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Morocco  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - North Macedonia  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Pacific States  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
• United Kingdom - Pacific States - 
Accession of Samoa  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 33 - 
 
  RTA Name  Entry into 
forcea Coverageb GATT/WTO Notification  
Year  WTO Provision  
• United Kingdom - Pacific States - 
Accession of Solomon Islands  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Palestine  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Republic of Korea  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Republic of Moldova  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - SACU and 
Mozambique  01-Jan-21 G 2021 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom – Singapore  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Switzerland - 
Liechtenstein  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Tunisia  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Türkiye  01-Jan-21 G 2020 GATT Art. XXIV  
United Kingdom - Ukraine  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
United Kingdom - Viet Nam  01-Jan-21 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Agreements to which Colombia, Ecuador and/or Peru are parties  
EU - Colombia, Ecuador and Peru  01-Mar-13 G & S  2013 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
• EU - Colombia and Peru - Accession 
of Ecuador  01-Jan-17 G & S  2017 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
MERCOSUR - Andean Community*  
[AAP.CE 59]  05-Jan-05 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
LAIA - Seeds [AAP.AG 2]  18-Jun-93 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Global System of Trade Preferences 
among Developing Countries (GSTP)  19-Apr-89 G 1989 Enabling Clause  
Andean Community (CAN)  25-May-88 
14-Dec-06 G 
S 1990 
 Enabling Clause  
Not notified  
LAIA - Cultural Goods* [AAR.CEYC 7]  01-Jan-89 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
LAIA – Agreement on Regional Tariff 
Preference [AAR.PAR 4]  01-Jul-84 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
LAIA- Preferences in favour of 
Paraguay* [AAR.AM 3]  01-Jul-84 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
LAIA - Preferences in favour of 
Ecuador* [AAR.AM 2]  01-May-83 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
LAIA - Preferences in favour of the 
Plurinational State of Bolivia*  [AAR.AM 
1] 01-May-83 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Latin American Integration Association 
(LAIA)  18-Mar-81 G 1982 Enabling Clause  
• LAIA - Accession of Cuba  26-Aug-99 G 1999 Enabling Clause  
• LAIA - Accession of Panama  03-May-12 G Not notified  
COLOMBIA  
Colombia - Israel  11-Aug-20 G & S  2023 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
MERCOSUR - Colombia [AAP.CE 72]  20-Dec-17 G 2022 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Costa Rica – Colombia  01-Aug-16 G & S  2016 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Korea, Republic of - Colombia  15-Jul-16 G & S  2016 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Pacific Alliance  01-May-16 G & S  2016 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Colombia - Bolivarian Republic of 
Venezuela [AAP.C 28]  19-Oct-12 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
United States - Colombia  15-May-12 G & S  2012 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Canada – Colombia  15-Aug-11 G & S  2011 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
EFTA - Colombia  01-Jul-11 G & S  2011 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Colombia - Northern Triangle (El 
Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras)  12-Nov-09 G & S  2012 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Chile - Colombia  08-May-09 G & S  2009 GATT Art. XXIV, Enabling Clause & 
GATS Art. V  
Colombia - Cuba [AAP.  ACE 49]  14-Jul-01 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
CARICOM – Colombia [AAP.A25TM 31]  01-Jan-95 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Colombia - Mexico  01-Jan-95 G & S  2010 GATT Art. XXIV, Enabling Clause & 
GATS Art. V  
Colombia - Panama [AAP.A25TM 29]  01-Jan-95 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Colombia - Nicaragua [AAP.A25TM 6]  02-Sep-85 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d WT/REG425/1  
 
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  RTA Name  Entry into 
forcea Coverageb GATT/WTO Notification  
Year  WTO Provision  
ECUADOR  
Chile - Ecuador [AAP. CE 75]  16-May-22 G 
S 2023 
 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Not notified  
EFTA - Ecuador  01-Nov-20 G & S  2022 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Ecuador - Nicaragua [AAP.A25TM 45]  19-Nov-17 G 2022 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
El Salvador - Ecuador  16-Nov-17 G 2018 Enabling Clause  
Ecuador - Guatemala [AAP.A25TM 42]  19-Feb-13 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Chile - Ecuador [AAP.CE 65]  25-Jan-10 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Cuba - Ecuador [AAP.CE 46]  13-Mar-01 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Ecuador - Mexico  01-May-83 G 2019 Enabling Clause  
PERU  
Peru - Australia  11-Feb-20 G & S  2020 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Comprehensive and Progressive 
Agreement for Trans -Pacific 
Partnership (CPTPP)  30-Dec-18 G & S  2018 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Peru - Honduras  01-Jan-17 G & S  2018 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Pacific Alliance  01-May-16 G & S  2016 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Costa Rica - Peru 01-Jun-13 G & S  2013 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Panama - Peru 01-May-12 G & S  2012 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Japan - Peru 01-Mar-12 G & S  2012 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Peru - Mexico  01-Feb-12 G & S  2012 GATT Art. XXIV, Enabling Clause & 
GATS Art. V  
Peru - Korea, Republic of  01-Aug-11 G & S  2011 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
EFTA - Peru 01-Jul-11 G 2011 GATT Art. XXIV  
Peru - China  01-Mar-10 G & S  2010 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Canada - Peru 01-Aug-09 G & S  2009 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Peru - Singapore  01-Aug-09 G & S  2009 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
Peru - Chile 01-Mar-09 G & S  2011 GATT Art. XXIV, Enabling Clause & 
GATS Art. V  
United States - Peru 01-Feb-09 G & S  2009 GATT Art. XXIV & GATS Art. V  
MERCOSUR - Peru [AAP.CE 58]  02-Jan-06 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Peru - Cuba [ AAP.CE 50]  09-Mar-01 G 2020 Enabling Clause (Changes)d 
Protocol on Trade Negotiations (PTN)  11-Feb-73 G 1971 Enabling Clause  
Peru – Bolivarian Republic of 
Venezuela  01-Aug-13 G  Not notified  
Peru - Thailand  31-Dec-11 G  Not notified  
* Peru is not a party to this Agreement.  
a Dates of the first entry into force/provisional application for at least one of the Parties.  
b G stands for trade in goods and S for trade in services.  
c Reference to Kosovo in this table shall be understood to be in the context of the United Nations 
Security Council resolution 1244 (1999).  
d Agreement notified as a change to the LAIA's 1980 Treaty of Montevideo; the LAIA reference is 
indicated in brackets. Further details can be found at: http://www.aladi.org . 
Source:  WTO Secretariat. Further information on these Agreements and on specific dates of entry into 
force/provisional applications may be found in the WTO Database on RTAs: http://rtais.wto.org . 
5.8  Government procurement  
5.16.  Title VI of the EU-Andean countries Agreement contain s the Parties' commitments and 
procedures in government procurement.17 As a general principle applicable to any  measure related 
to covered procurements, national treatment is granted by each Party and its procuring entities to 
 
17 Peru noted that the national treatment provision i s only applicable bet ween the UK in relation to each 
individual Andean country, and vice versa, but not among the Andean countries, which are subject to exist ing 
obligations on government procurement under the Andean Community legal regime and relevant regulations, 
as well as any existing international Agreement that sets obligations on government procurement, such is the 
case of the Additional Protocol of the Pacific Alliance Framework Agreement.  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 35 - 
 
  the goods, services and services suppliers of the other Parties (Article 175  of the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Ag reement ).  
5.17.  The Parties' lists of covered governmental entities, as well as related thresholds are described 
in Annex XII to the EU-Andean countries Agreement .18 The UK is a party to the WTO Government 
Procurement Agreement (GPA) while Colombia and Ecuador are observers. Peru is not party (or 
observer) to the GPA.  
5.9  Intellectual property rights  
5.18.   There have been no changes to the intellectual property provisions in the Agreement as 
compared to the EU -Andean countries Agreement except with respect to trademarks and 
geographical indications (GIs). Footnote 64 in Article 204 regarding the registratio n procedure for 
trademarks was not incorporated into the Agreement. Footnote 66A , clarifying that the GIs already 
protected under the EU -Andean countries Agreement shall continue to be protected under the same 
conditions and they shall not be subject to a new objection or examination procedure , was added to 
the title of Article 208 regarding established GIs.  
5.19.  The list of GIs provided in Appendix 1 of Annex XIII was modified under the Agreement. GIs 
relating to parts of the European Union that are not the Un ited Kingdom were not incorporated into 
the Agreement. Notwithstanding the removal of GIs specific to parts of the European Union that are 
not in the United Kingdom, protections are retained for the GIs "Irish Whisky ", "Uisce Beatha 
Éireannach ", "Irish Whi skey" and "Irish Cream " for spirit drinks produced in Ireland and Northern 
Ireland.  
5.20.  The Agreement includes a joint declaration on GIs in which the Parties recognise the cultural 
and economic importance of GIs and confirm that the protection of GIs is an im portant part of the 
Agreement. The Joint Declaration on GIs lists and provides protection for additional GIs submitted 
by the Andean Countries under the framework of the Sub -committee on Intellectual Property of the 
EU-Andean countries Agreement.  
5.10  Competiti on 
5.21.  In Title VIII of the EU -Andean countries Agreement on competition  as incorporated in the 
Agreement , the Parties recognize the importance of free competition and the distorting effects of 
anti-competitive practices on a country's economic and social deve lopment. They agree on a list of 
activities they consider anti -competitive and commit to maintain laws dealing with these issues and 
establish or maintain a competition authority responsible for their enforcement. The Title also 
provides for cooperation and coordination between their authorities on issues of law enforcement.  
5.22.  The Agreement  does not prevent the Parties from establishing or maintaining State 
monopolies and enterprises , but they must ensure that State monopolies and enterprises are subject 
to their competition laws and conduct their activities in accordance with the Agreement (Article 263  
of the EU -Andean countries Agreement , as incorporated in the Agreement ).  
5.23.  The dispute settlement mechanism of the EU -Andean countries Agreement does not apply to 
issues covered under Title VIII (Article 266  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement  as incorporated 
in the Agreement ). 
5.11  Environment and labour  
5.24.  In Title IX of the EU -Andean countries Agreement on  trade and sustainable development , as 
incorporated in the Agreement , the Parties reaffirm that trade should promote sustainable 
development and agree to promote trade accordingly. They recognize the importance of core labour 
standards and the value of international environmental governance  (Articles 269 and 270  of the EU -
Andean countries Agreement ) and reaffirm their commitment to implement multilateral labour and 
environmental agreements to which they are party. Moreover, the Parties shall not reduce the 
 
18 For all Parties, the thresholds for goods and services are 130,000 SDR for cen tral entities, 200,000 
SDR for sub -central entities and 400,000 SDR for the utilities sector. For construction services the threshold is 
5,000,000 SDR. For the UK, these are the same thresholds under the revised GPA.  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 36 - 
 
  environmental or labour protection afforded by their laws to encourage trade or investment 
(Article  277 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ). The provisions of Title IX shall not be 
interpreted or used as a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination between the Parties or as 
a disg uised restriction to trade or investment (Article 267).  
5.25.  The EU -Andean countries Agreement also include s provisions , inter alia , on biological diversity 
(Article 272) , forest and fish products  and promoting the sustainable management of forest 
resources and  fish stocks (Article 273 and 274  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement ), climate 
change (Article  275) and migrant workers  (Article  276).  
5.12  Electronic commerce  
5.26.  The Parties agree to promote the development of electronic commerce between them and to 
not impose  customs duties on electronic transmissions, which are covered by the definition of cross -
border supply of services under the Agreement (Article 162  of the EU -Andean countries Agreement , 
as incorporated in the Agreement) . They also agree to maintain a dial ogue on regulatory issues 
regarding electronic commerce, including consumer protection and the recognition of certificates of 
electronic signatures (Articles  163 and 166). They shall also endeavour to develop or maintain 
regulations for the protection of p ersonal data (Article 165).  
5.13  Small and medium -sized enterprises  
5.27.  In Article 192 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement,  as incorporated in the Agreement , the 
Parties recognise the importance of the participation of micro, small and medium enterprises 
(MSMEs) in government procurement. The Parties agree to exchange information and work jointly 
with the aim of facilitating access by MSMEs to government procu rement procedures, methods and 
contracting requirements, focused on their special needs.  
5.28.  The Parties agree to strengthen cooperation that contributes to the implementation of the 
Agreement attaching particular importance to cooperation initiatives aimed a t, inter alia , promoting 
the development of MSMEs using trade as a tool for reducing poverty (Article 324 of the EU -Andean 
countries Agreement). Moreover, t he Parties also recognise the importance of cooperation with a 
view to achieving a better access to Government procurement systems for micro, small and medium 
suppliers (Article 193 of the EU -Andean countries Agreement).  
5.14  Gender  
5.29.  There are no provisions on gender  in the Agreement . WT/REG425/1 l 
 
- 37 - 
 
  ANNEX 1  
1. A comparison between the scheduled elimination of tariffs applied to the Parties' mutual 
imports and the duty rates applied by them on MFN imports is shown in Table A1. 1 and Table A1. 2, 
by HS Chapters 1 -24 (agricultural products), 25 -97 (industrial products) and total products. Applied 
MFN duty rates in 2021 serve as a comparison.  
2. Colombia's overall average applied MFN tariff rate in 2021 was 6.1%. The average applied 
tariff on agricultural goods in HS Chapters 1 -24 was 16.2%, compared to an average applied tariff 
of 4% on industrial goods. In 2021, the overall average tariff for imp orts from the UK fell to 1%, 
while the average tariff for agricultural and industrial products was respectively 4.7% and 0.3%. As 
a result, exporters from the UK had a relative margin of preference of 84% overall, and 71% and 
93% respectively for agricultu ral and industrial products. Duty -free tariff lines for imports from MFN 
sources accounted for 53.6% of all tariff lines, 1.5% for agricultural  products and 64.3% for 
industrial products. Under the Agreement, the share of duty -free tariff lines overall in 2021 was 
89.5% (76.4% for agricultural products and 92.2% for industrial products). By the end of 
implementation in 2028, UK exporters will face zero duties on 96.5% of Colombia's tariff lines 
(80.3% for agricultural products and 99.8% for industrial produ cts). 
3. Ecuador's overall average applied MFN tariff rate in 2021 was 10.7%. The average applied 
tariff on agricultural goods in HS Chapters 1 -24 was 20%, compared to an average applied tariff of 
9% on industrial goods. In 2021, the overall average tariff fo r imports from the UK fell to 2.7%, 
while the average tariff for agricultural and industrial products was respectively 3.7% and 2.4%. As 
a result, exporters from the UK had a relative margin of preference of 75% overall, and 82% and 
73% respectively for ag ricultural and industrial products. Duty -free tariff lines for imports from MFN 
sources accounted for 37.4% of all tariff lines, 17.7% for agricultural products and 41.3% for 
industrial products. Under the Agreement, the share of duty -free tariff lines ove rall in 2021 was 
60.6% (76.4% for agricultural products and 92.2% for industrial products). By the end of 
implementation in 2028, UK exporters will face zero duties on 96. 8% of Ecuador's tariff lines (80. 7% 
for agricultural products and 99. 9% for industria l products).  
4. Peru's overall average applied MFN tariff rate in 2021 was 2.3%. The average applied tariff on 
agricultural goods in HS Chapters 1 -24 was 2 .6%, compared to an average applied tariff of 2.2% on 
industrial goods. In 2021, the overall average tar iff for imports from the UK fell to 0.3%, while the 
average tariff for agricultural and industrial products was respectively 0.8% and 0. 2%. As a result, 
exporters from the UK had a relative margin of preference of 8 7% overall, and 69% and 91% 
respectively for agricultural and industrial products. Duty -free tariff lines for imports from MFN 
sources accounted for 69.5% of all tariff lines, 55.8% for agricultural  products and 71.7% for 
industrial products. Under the Agreement, the share of duty -free tariff lines overall in 2021 was 
87.9% (79.6% for agricultural products and 89.3% for industrial products). By the end of 
implementation in 20 34, UK exporters will face zero duties on 98% of Peru's tariff lines ( 86.3% for 
agricultural products and 100% for industrial products).  
Table A1. 1 Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Indicators of MFN and preferential rates for 
imports from UK  Reporter  
Origin of goods  
Year  ALL PRODUCTS  HS Chapters 01 -24 HS Chapters 25 -97 
Average 
applied tariff  Share 
of duty -
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average 
applied tariff  Share 
of duty -
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average 
applied tariff  
Share of 
duty-free 
tariff lines 
(%) Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) Colombia  MFN 2021 6.1 13.0 53.6 16.2 16.5 1.5 4.0 11.1 64.3 
UK 2021 1.0 9.7 89.5 4.7 19.9 76.4 0.3 3.4 92.2 
 2022 0.9 8.5 89.5 4.5 19.2 76.4 0.1 1.8 92.2 
 2023 0.8 25.1 96.3 4.5 25.7 79.1 0.0 11.0 99.8 
 2024 0.7 24.8 96.3 4.5 25.4 79.1 0.0 11.0 99.8 
 2025 0.7 24.6 96.3 4.4 25.2 79.1 0.0 11.0 99.8 WT/REG425/1 l 
 
- 38 - 
 
  
Reporter  
Origin of goods  
Year  ALL PRODUCTS  HS Chapters 01 -24 HS Chapters 25 -97 
Average 
applied tariff  Share 
of duty -
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average 
applied tariff  Share 
of duty -
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average 
applied tariff  
Share of 
duty-free 
tariff lines 
(%) Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
 2026 0.7 24.3 96.3 4.4 24.9 79.1 0.0 11.0 99.8 
 2027 0.7 24.1 96.3 4.3 24.7 79.2 0.0 11.0 99.8 
 2028 0.7 25.5 96.5 4.3 26.2 80.3 0.0 11.0 99.8 Ecuador  MFN 2021 10.7 17.2 37.4 20.0 24.4 17.7 9.0 15.2 41.3 
UK 2021 2.7 6.9 60.6 3.7 9.8 56.7 2.5 6.4 61.3 
 2022 1.8 8.5 77.9 2.9 12.1 69.0 1.6 7.8 79.6 
 2023 1.4 6.9 77.9 2.6 10.7 69.0 1.2 6.1 79.6 
 2024 1.1 5.9 79.7 2.3 9.7 69.4 0.9 5.0 81.7 
 2025 0.8 4.3 79.7 2.0 8.3 69.4 0.6 3.4 81.7 
 2026 0.5 2.8 79.7 1.6 7.0 69.4 0.3 1.8 81.7 
 2027 0.2 17.1 96.7 1.4 17.1 80.1 0.0 15.0 99.9 
 2028 0.2 16.9 96.7 1.3 17.0 80.1 0.0 15.0 99.9 
 2029 0.2 16.8 96.7 1.3 16.9 80.1 0.0 15.0 99.9 
 2030 0.2 16.7 96.7 1.3 16.7 80.1 0.0 15.0 99.9 
 2031 0.2 16.5 96.7 1.3 16.6 80.1 0.0 15.0 99.9 
 2032 0.2 17.2 96.7 1.3 17.3 80.5 0.0 15.0 99.9 
 2033 0.2 17.2 96.7 1.3 17.2 80.5 0.0 15.0 99.9 
 2034 0.2 17.8 96.8 1.3 17.8 80.7 0.0 15.0 99.9 Peru MFN 2021 2.3 7.5 69.5 2.6 6.3 55.8 2.2 7.8 71.7 
UK 2021 0.3 2.3 87.9 0.8 4.4 79.6 0.2 1.7 89.3 
 2022 0.2 1.5 87.9 0.6 3.8 79.6 0.1 0.9 89.3 
 2023 0.1 5.4 98.0 0.5 5.4 86.3 0.0 4.5 100.0  
 2024 0.1 5.4 98.0 0.5 5.4 86.3 0.0 4.5 100.0  
 2025 0.1 5.3 98.0 0.5 5.4 86.3 0.0 4.5 100.0  
Note:  For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded, and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation (Colombia 
and Peru) .  
 Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature for Colombia, HS 2012 for Ecuador, and HS 2007 for Peru.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by Colombia; submissions from Ecuador and Peru under 
the Agreement with EU, and the WTO -IDB. 
 
5. Table A1. 2 shows the market access opportunities in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru for the UK's 
top 10 exports, which in 2018 -2020 accounted for 28% of the UK's global exports and covered 31, 
39 and 39  HS lines in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru's respective tariff.  15, 19 and 23  lines were 
already duty free on an MFN basis in , respectively, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru 's market s in 2021 
while the remaining lines became duty -free under the Agreement  in different years . 
Table A1. 2 Colombia, Ecuador and Peru: Market access opportunities under the 
agreement for UK's top 10 exports to the world   
UK's top export products in 2018 -2020  Market Access Conditions in Colombia, Ecuador and 
Peru's import markets  
HS Code  Description  Share 
in 
global 
exports 
(%) Average MFN rates in 
2021  Duty -free lines under the 
Agreement  
Colombia  Ecuador  Peru  2021  2022  2023  2024  2027  
710813  Gold, incl. gold plated 
with platinum, in semi-
manufactured forms, 
for non -monetary 
purposes  5.6 0 0 0      
270900  Petroleum oils and oils 
obtained from 
bituminous minerals, 
crude  4.9 0 10 0  
EC    WT/REG425/1 l 
 
- 39 - 
 
  UK's top export products in 2018 -2020  Market Access Conditions in Colombia, Ecuador and 
Peru's import markets  
HS Code  Description  Share 
in 
global 
exports 
(%) Average MFN rates in 
2021  Duty -free lines under the 
Agreement  
Colombia  Ecuador  Peru  2021  2022  2023  2024  2027  
300490  Medicaments consisting 
of mixed or unmixed 
products for therapeutic 
or prophylactic 
purposes,  3.2 7.9 5.7 6 CO, 
PE EC    
880330  Parts of aeroplanes or 
helicopters, n.e.s.  2.9 0 0 0      
841112  Turbojets of a thrust > 
25 kn  2.6 0 0 0      
870323  Motor cars and other 
motor vehicles 
principally designed for 
the transport of <10 
persons, of a cylinder 
capacity > 1.500 cm³ 
but <= 3.000 cm³  2.4 20 37.5 6 CO  
PE EC  
841191  Parts of turbojets or 
turbopropellers, n.e.s.  2.1 0 0 0      
870324  Motor cars and other 
motor vehicles 
principally designed for 
the transport of<10 
persons, of a cylinder 
capacity>3.000 cm³  1.7 20 35 6 CO, 
PE   
EC  
220830  Whiskies  1.3 15 10.5 6 EC  
CO, 
PE   
271012  Light oils and 
preparations  1.3 0 1.2 0 EC     
 
Total of above  28         
Note:  Based on the HS 2017 nomenclature for Colombia, HS 2012 for Ecuador, and HS 2007 for Peru.  
 For the calculation of averages, specific rates are excluded, and the ad valorem  parts of alternate 
rates are included. Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded in the computation.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on data provided by Colombia, Ecuador and Peru under the Agreement with 
EU and the WTO -IDB. 
 
6. The UK's overall average applied MFN tariff rate in 2021 was 3.8%. The average applied tariff 
on agricultural goods in HS Chapters 1 -24 was 8.9%, compared to an average applied tariff of 2.5% 
on industrial goods. In 2021, the overall average tariff for imp orts from Colombia and Ecuador fell 
to 0.1% and to 0% for Peru. The average tariff for agricultural products was 0.2% for Colombia and 
Ecuador and 0.1% for Peru while the average rate for industrial products was 0% for all Andean 
countries. As a result, ex porters from Colombia and Ecuador had a relative margin of preference of 
97% overall and 98% for agricultural products. Duty -free tariff lines for imports from MFN sources 
accounted for 47% of all tariff lines, 18.8% for agricultural products and 57.1% for  industrial 
products. Under the Agreement, the share of duty -free tariff lines overall in 2021 was at least 95.1% 
(82.4% for agricultural products and 97.7% for industrial products). By the end of implementation, 
Colombian exporters will face zero duties o n 96% of the UK 's tariff lines ( 85.9% for agricultural 
products and 99.7% for industrial products) , Ecuadorian exporters will face zero duties on 96.6% of 
tariff lines (88.2% for agricultural products and 99.7% for industrial products) and Peruvian 
exporte rs will face zero duties on 97.2% of tariff lines (90.1% for agricultural products and 99.7% 
for industrial products) . WT/REG425/1 l 
 
- 40 - 
 
  Table A1. 3 UK: Indicators of MFN and preferential rates for imports from Colombia, 
Ecuador and Peru  Origin of  goods  
Year  ALL PRODUCTS  HS Chapters 01 -24 HS Chapters 25 -97 
Average 
applied 
tariff  Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average 
applied 
tariff  
Share of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Average 
applied 
tariff  Share 
of 
duty-
free 
tariff 
lines 
(%) Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
Overall (%)  
On dutiable 
(%) 
MFN 2021 3.8 7.8 47.0 8.9 12.0 18.8 2.5 5.8 57.1 
Colombia  2021 0.1 8.1 95.9 0.2 8.3 85.3 0.0 7.5 99.7 
2022 0.1 7.9 95.9 0.2 8.0 85.3 0.0 7.5 99.7 
2023 0.1 9.5 96.0 0.2 10.4 85.9 0.0 7.5 99.7 
Ecuador  2021 0.1 6.8 95.1 0.2 6.9 82.4 0.0 6.7 99.6 
2022 0.1 7.8 95.3 0.2 7.9 83.1 0.0 7.5 99.7 
2023 0.1 7.4 95.3 0.2 7.3 83.1 0.0 7.5 99.7 
2024 0.1 8.3 96.4 0.2 8.7 87.4 0.0 7.5 99.7 
2025 0.1 8.0 96.4 0.1 8.3 87.4 0.0 7.5 99.7 
2026 0.1 7.7 96.4 0.1 7.8 87.4 0.0 7.5 99.7 
2027 0.0 10.1 96.6 0.1 12.2 88.2 0.0 7.5 99.7 
Peru 2021 0.0 8.1 97.0 0.1 8.4 89.2 0.0 7.6 99.7 
2022 0.0 7.8 97.0 0.1 7.9 89.2 0.0 7.6 99.7 
2023 0.0 10.4 97.2 0.1 12.2 90.1 0.0 7.6 99.7 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded from the computations.  
 For tariff lines subject to seasonal duties, the average rate for the year is used and the products 
classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level are counted once and their rates averaged at the 8 -digit level . 
For the calculation of averages for non -ad valorem  tariffs, specific rates are excluded, and the ad 
valorem  parts of alternate rates are included.  
Based on the HS 2017 Nomenclature.  
 
7. Table A1. 4 shows the market access opportunities in the UK for Colombia, Ecuador and Peru's 
top 10 exports, which in 2018 -2020 accounted for 68.9% of Colombia's global exports, 81% of 
Ecuador's exports and 62.5% Peru's exports and covered 51, 52 and 45 HS lines in U K's tariff for 
Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, respectively. 24, 19 and 21 lines were already duty free on an MFN 
basis for, respectively, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru in 2021. Only one line for Colombia and one line 
for Ecuador remain dutiable at the end of imp lementation.  
Table A1. 4 UK: Market access opportunities under the Agreement for Colombia, Ecuador 
and Peru top 10 exports to the world (2018 -2020)  Exporter  HS 
Code  Description  Share in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 
tariff  Duty 
free 
in 
2021  Remaining 
dutiable  Colombia  270900  Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, 
crude  30.1 0.0   
270112  Bituminous coal, whether or not pulverised, non -
agglomerated  13.3 0.0   
090111  Coffee (excl. roasted and decaffeinated)  6.2 0.0   
710812  Gold, incl. gold plated with platinum, unwrought, for non -
monetary purposes (excl. gold in powder form)  5.1 0.0   
271019  Medium oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous 
minerals, not containing biodiesel, n.e.s.  4.5 1.2 13  
080390  Fresh or dried bananas (excl. plantains)  2.3 16.0 1 1 
271012  Light oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous 
minerals which >= 90% by volume "incl. losses" distil at 
210°C "ASTM D 86 method" (excl. containing biodiesel)  2.1 3.3 9  WT/REG425/1 l 
 
- 41 - 
 
  
Exporter  HS 
Code  Description  Share in 
global 
exports 
(%) MFN 
tariff  Duty 
free 
in 
2021  Remaining 
dutiable  
270400  Coke and semi -coke of coal, of lignite or of peat, whether or 
not agglomerated; retort carbon  2.0 0.0   
060319  Fresh cut flowers and buds, of a kind suitable for bouquets 
or for ornamental purposes (excl. roses, carnations, orchids, 
chrysanthemums and lilies)  1.9 8.0 3  
720260  Ferro-nickel  1.4 0.0   
Total   68.9  26 1 Ecuador  270900  Petroleum oils and oils obtained from bituminous minerals, 
crude  31.5 0.0   
030617  Frozen shrimps and prawns, even smoked, whether in shell 
or not, incl. shrimps and prawns in shell, cooked by 
steaming or by boiling in water (excl. cold -water shrimps 
and prawns)  15.9 12.0 5  
080390  Fresh or dried bananas (excl. plantains)  15.4 16.0 1 1 
160414  Prepared or preserved tunas, skipjack and Atlantic bonito, 
whole or in pieces (excl. minced)  5.0 20.5 10  
271019  Medium oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous 
minerals, not containing biodiesel, n.e.s.  3.8 1.2 13  
180100  Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted  3.3 0.0   
060311  Fresh cut roses and buds, of a kind suitable for bouquets or 
for ornamental purposes  2.9 8.0 1  
710812  Gold, incl. gold plated with platinum, unwrought, for non -
monetary purposes (excl. gold in powder form)  1.2 0.0   
030616  Frozen cold -water shrimps and prawns "Pandalus spp., 
Crangon crangon", even smoked, whether in shell or not, 
incl. shrimps and prawns in shell, cooked by steaming or by 
boiling in water  1.1 15.0 2  
440722  Virola, imbuia and balsa, sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced 
or peeled, of a thickness of > 6 mm, sanded, or end -jointed, 
whether or not planed  0.9 0.0   
Total   81  32 1 Peru 260300  Copper ores and concentrates  25.9 0.0   
710812  Gold, incl. gold plated with platinum, unwrought, for non -
monetary purposes (excl. gold in powder form)  15.3 0.0   
740311  Copper, refined, in the form of cathodes and sections of 
cathodes  3.9 0.0   
260800  Zinc ores and concentrates  3.6 0.0   
230120  Flours, meals and pellets of fish or crustaceans, molluscs or 
other aquatic invertebrates, unfit for human consumption  3.2 0.0   
271019  Medium oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous 
minerals, not containing biodiesel, n.e.s.  2.8 1.2 13  
260700  Lead ores and concentrates  2.1 0.0   
080610  Fresh grapes  2.0 11.0 2  
260111  Non-agglomerated iron ores and concentrates (excl. roasted 
iron pyrites)  1.9 0.0   
271012  Light oils and preparations, of petroleum or bituminous 
minerals which >= 90% by volume "incl. losses" distil at 
210°C "ASTM D 86 method" (excl. containing biodiesel)  1.8 3.3 9  
Total   62.5  24 0 
Note:  Tariff lines subject to in -quota rates are excluded from the computations.  
 For tariff lines subject to seasonal duties, the average rate for the year is used and the products 
classified beyond the HS 8 -digit level are counted once and their rates averaged at the 8 -digit level . 
 For the calculation of averages for non -ad valorem  tariffs, specific rates are excluded, and the 
ad valorem  parts of alternate rates are included.  
 Based on the HS 2017 Nomenclature.  
Source:  WTO estimates based on dat a provided by UK authorities and UNSD, Comtrade.  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 42 - 
 
  ANNEX 2  
Table A2. 1 Colombia: Preferential tariff rate quotas applied to imports from the UK  
Product  Tariff lines  Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In quota 
rate Out of 
quota rate  MFN 2021  
Animal 
products  0504001000, 0504002000, 
0504003000  216.9  7.5 12.7% in 
2021, 6.4% 
in 2022, 0% 
afterwards  MFN 70 
0206210000, 0206220000  216.9  7.5 14.5% in 
2021, 7.3% 
in 2022, 0% 
afterwards  MFN 80 
Vegetable 
products  0711900000,  0710400000  16.4 0.6 0 MFN 10 
2001909000,  2004900000, 
2005800000, 2008930000, 
2008999000,  16.4 0.6 0 MFN 15 
Sugar  1701140000*, 
1701910000*, 
1701991000*, 1701999000*  2102.5  49.7 0 MFN 15 + SAFP  
1701130000  2102.5  49.7 0 MFN 15 
Cheese  0406200000, 0406400000  351.5  18.5 0 7.5%: 
2022, 
6.3%: 
2023, 5%: 
2024, 
3.8%: 
2025, 
2.5%: 
2026, 
1.3%: 
2027, 0% 
afterwards  15 
0406300000, 0406904000, 
0406905000, 0406906000, 
0406909000  
 351.5  18.5 0 19.5%: 
2022, 
16.3%: 
2023, 
13%: 
2024, 
9.8%: 
2025, 
6.5%: 
2026, 
3.3%: 
2027, 0% 
afterwards  20 + SAFP  
Dairy products  1901101000, 1901109100,  
1901109900  167.4  8.8 0 7.5%: 
2022, 
6.3%: 
2023, 5%: 
2024, 
3.8%: 
2025, 
2.5%: 
2026, 
1.3%: 
2027, 0% 
afterwards  15 
Mushrooms  0711510000 ,  
2003100000  3.8 0.1 0 MFN 10 
15 WT/REG425/1  
 
- 43 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In quota 
rate Out of 
quota rate  MFN 2021  
Ice cream  2105001000 ,  
2105009000  34.8 1.2 0 MFN 15 
Food 
products **  1704909000, 1806100000,  
1806209000, 1901902000,  
1901909000, 2006000000, 
2007911000, 2007912000,  
2007999100, 2007999200,  
2009110000, 2009190000,  
2009290000, 2009391000,  
2009399000, 2009490000, 
2009790000, 2009810000,  
2009899000, 2009900000,  
2101120000, 2106906100,  
2106909000  678.1  16 0 MFN 15 
2009690000, 2106901000,  
2106902900, 2106903000,  
2106904000, 2106905000,  
2106906900, 2106907100,  
2106907200, 2106907300,  
2106907400, 2106907900,  
2106908000  678.1  16 0 MFN 10 
2101200000  678.1  16 5%: 2021, 
2.5%: 2022, 
0% 
afterwards  MFN 15 
3302109000  678.1  16 5%: 2021, 
2.5%: 2022, 
0% 
afterwards  MFN 5 
Food 
preparations  2106906100 , 2106909000  456.5  24  0 1.8% in 
2022, 0% 
afterwards  15 
* Line subject to price band system . 
** Products >= 70% of sugar content.  
Source:  Colombia submission and WTO -IDB. 
Table A2. 2 Ecuador: Preferential tariff rate quotas applied to imports from the UK  
Product  Tariff lines  Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN 2021  
Animal feed  2309909011  115 3 0 MFN MEP 
2309909013, 2309909018, 
2309909019, 2309909091, 
2309909099  115 3 0 MFN 20+MEP  
Animal feed  2309109000  115 3 0 MFN 45+MEP  
2309901000  115 3 0 MFN 15+MEP  
Animal products  0504001000, 0504002000  28 1 0 MFN 20 
0504003000  28 1 0 MFN 10 
Milk 0402101000, 0402109000, 
0402211100, 0402211900, 
0402219100, 0402219900, 
0402291100, 0402291900, 
0402299100, 0402299900  23 1 0 MFN 25+MEP  
0402919000  23 1 0 MFN 54+MEP  
0403901000, 0403909000  23 1 0 MFN 30 
0404109000  23 1 0 MFN 20+MEP  
0404900000  23 1 0 MFN 30+MEP  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 44 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN 2021  
Milk 0402911000, 0402999000  35 2 0 MFN 54+MEP  
0402991000  35 2 0 MFN 30 
Cheese and 
yogurt  0403100000  29 1 0 MFN 30 
0405200000  29 1 0 MFN 30+MEP  
0406200000  29 1 0 MFN 20 
0406300000, 0406909000  29 1 0 MFN 25+MEP  
0406906000  29 1 0 MFN 25 
Cheese  0406400000  58 3 0 MFN 20 
0406904000, 0406905000, 
0406906000  58 3 0 MFN 25 
Sweet corn  0709991000  16 - 0 MFN 25 
Sweetcorn  0710400000  21 - 0 MFN 25 
2005800000  21 - 0 MFN 30 
Meat 0210120000  102 - 0 MFN 45+MEP  
0210190000  102 - 0 MFN 45 
1601000000  102 - 0 MFN 30+MEP  
1602410000, 1602420000  102 - 0 MFN 30 
Potatoes  0710100000  14 1 0 MFN 25 
Food products  1806100000, 1806209000,  
2009110000, 2009190000,  
2009290000, 2009399000,  
2009490000, 2009810000,  
2009891000, 2009892000,  
2009893000, 2009894000,  
2009896000, 2009899000,  
2101120000, 2101200000  102 - 0 MFN 30 
2009690000, 2106902100,  
2106902900  102 - 0 MFN 10 
2009790000, 2009900000,  
2106906100, 2106906900,  
2106907100, 2106907200,  
2106907300, 2106907400,  
2106907900, 2106908000,  
2106909000  102 - 0 MFN 20 
2106901000  102 - 0 MFN 15 
2106903000, 2106904000,  
2106905000  102 - 0 MFN 0 
Source:  Ecuador submission and WTO -IDB. 
Table A2. 3 Peru: Preferential tariff rate quotas applied to imports from the UK  
Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN 
Mushrooms  0711510000  11 1 0 MFN 0 
2003100000  11 1 0 MFN 6 
Ice cream  2105001000  15 1 0 MFN 0 
2105009000  MFN 6 
Butter  0405100000* , 0405902000* , 0405909000*  67 4 0 MFN 0 
0405200000  67 4 0 MFN 0 
Sweet corn  0710400000 , 0711900000  76 5 0 MFN 0 
2005800000 , 2001909000 , 2004900000 , 
2008999000  76 5 0 MFN 6 
Garlic  0703201000 , 0703209000  81 5 0 MFN 6 
Milk 1901101000 , 1901109100 , 1901109900  109 7 0 MFN 0 WT/REG425/1  
 
- 45 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN 
Bovine meat  0201100000 , 0201200000 , 0201300010 , 
0201300090 , 0202100000 , 0202200000 , 
0202300010 , 0202300090 , 0210200000 , 
1602500000 , 1602900000  234  15 0 MFN 11 
0206100000 , 0206290000  234 15 0 MFN 0 
Cheese  0406100000 , 0406200000 , 
0406400000  545 34 0 MFN 0 
0406300000* , 0406904000* , 0406905000* , 
0406906000* , 0406909000*  545 34 0 MFN 0 
Powder milk  0402101000* , 0402109000* , 0402211100* , 
0402211900* , 0402219100* , 0402219900* , 
0402291100* , 0402291900* , 0402299100* , 
0402299900* , 0402991000*  654 41 0 MFN 0 
0402911000 , 0402919000 , 
0402999000  654 41 0 MFN 0 
Poultry  0207110000 , 0207120000 , 0207130011 , 
0207130012 , 0207130090 , 0207140010 , 
0207140021 , 0207140022 , 0207140090 , 
0207240000 , 0207250000 , 0207260000 , 
0207270000 , 0207410000,  0207420000,  
0207430000,  0207440000,  0207450000,  
0207510000,  0207520000,  0207530000,  
0207540000,  0207550000,  0207600000,  
1602200000 , 1602311000 , 1602319000 , 
1602321011 , 1602321012 , 1602321090 , 
1602329011 , 1602329012 , 1602329090 , 
1602391000 , 1602399000  817 51 0 MFN 6 
0210991000 , 0210999000  817 51 0 MFN 11 
Swine meat  0203110000 , 0203120000 , 0203190000 , 
0203210000 , 0203220000 , 0203290000  872 54 0 MFN 6 
Rice 1006101000  1768 111 0 MFN 0 
1006109000* , 1006200000* , 1006300000* , 
1006400000*  1768 111 0 MFN 0 
Sugar  1701120000, 1701130000, 1701140000, 
1701910000, 1701991000, 1701999000, 
1702110000, 1702191000, 1702192000, 
1702200000, 1702301000, 1702302000, 
1702309000, 1702401000, 1702402000, 
1702500000, 1702600000, 1702901000, 
1702902000, 1702903000, 1702904000, 
1702909000  1768 45 0 MFN 0 
Corn 1005901100* , 1005901200* , 1005909000*  2,179 136 0 MFN 0 
1005902000 , 1005903000 , 1005904000 , 
1005901900  2,179 136 0 MFN 0 
Rum 2208400000  133 (hl)  8 (hl)  0 MFN 6 
* Line also subject to price band system . 
Source:  Peru submission and WTO -IDB. 
Table A2. 4 UK: Preferential tariff rate quotas applied to imports from Colombia  
Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
Bovine meat  02013000  852.4  44.9 0% MFN 12% + 253 
GBP/100 kg  
02023010*, 02023050*  852.4  44.9 0% MFN 12% + 185 
GBP/100 kg  
02023090*  852.4  44.9 0% MFN 12% + 254 
GBP/100 kg  
Mushrooms  07115100, 20031030, 
20031020  11.6 0.4 0% 0% 0% WT/REG425/1  
 
- 46 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
Rum 22084051, 22084099  191.2 (hl 
of pure 
alcohol)  8 0% MFN 0.50 GBP/% vol/hl  
Maize  07104000, 20049010, 
20019030, 20058000, 
20089985  23.2 0.8 0% 0% + 
7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  4% + 7.80 
GBP/100 kg/net 
drained wt  
07119030  23.2 0.8 0% 0% 0% 
Yogurt  04031011  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 17 GBP/100 kg  
04031013  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 20 GBP/100 kg  
04031019  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 49 GBP/100 kg  
04031031, 04031033  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 0.10 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
04031039  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 0.40 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
04031051  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 8% + 79 GBP/100 
kg 
04031053  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 8% + 109 GBP/100 
kg 
04031059  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 8% + 141 GBP/100 
kg 
04031091  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 8% + 10 GBP/100 
kg 
04031093  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 8% + 14 GBP/100 
kg 
04031099  11.6 0.4 0% MFN 8% + 22 GBP/100 
kg 
Sugar  17011310*, 17011410*  6,307.1  149 0% MFN 28 GBP/100 kg/std 
qual 
17019990, 17011490, 
17019100, 17011390, 
17019910  6,307.1  149 0% MFN 35 GBP/100 kg  
Food 
products  1704909999, 1806209592, 
1806209599, 1704909991, 
2101129892, 2106909826, 
2106909833, 2106909834, 
2106909838, 2106909853, 
2106909855  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% 8% 
18061030*  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 26 
GBP/100 
kg 8% + 26 GBP/100 
kg 
18061090*  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 35 
GBP/100 
kg 8% + 35 GBP/100 
kg 
1901909936, 2101209885  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% 6% 
2006003190, 2006003819, 
2006003889  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 20 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 20 GBP/100 
kg 
2007911090, 2007993195, 
2007993199, 2007993395, 
2007993399, 2007993595, 
2007993599, 2007993902, 
2007993904, 2007993906, 
2007993917, 2007993919, 
2007993924, 2007993927, 
2007993930, 2007993934, 
2007993937, 2007993940, 
2007993944, 2007993947, 
2007993952, 2007993956, 
2007993975, 2007993985  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 19 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 19 GBP/100 
kg WT/REG425/1  
 
- 47 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
2007992090  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 16 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 16 GBP/100 
kg 
2009111119, 2009111199, 
2009191129, 2009191139, 
2009191159, 2009191179, 
2009291119, 2009291199, 
2009391119, 2009391199, 
2009491119, 2009491199, 
2009811191, 2009811199, 
2009891119, 2009891199, 
2009893529, 2009893539, 
2009893545, 2009893549, 
2009893559, 2009 893579, 
2009901190, 2009902119, 
2009902199  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 30% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20091191, 20091991, 
20093951, 20093991, 
20094991, 20099071  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 14% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20092991  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 12% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
2009691119, 2009691199  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 101 
GBP/hl + 
17 
GBP/100 
kg 40% + 101 GBP/hl 
+ 17 GBP/100 kg  
20096971  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 109 
GBP / hl + 
17 GBP / 
100 kg  20% + 109 GBP/hl 
+ 17 GBP/100 kg  
20096979  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 22 
GBP / hl + 
17 GBP / 
100 kg  20% + 22 GBP/hl 
+ 17 GBP/100 kg  
2009791119, 2009791199  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 15 
GBP / 100 
kg 30% + 15 GBP/100 
kg 
20098151, 20098986, 
20099094  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 17 
GBP / 100 
kg 16% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20098961  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 17 
GBP / 100 
kg 18% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20099031  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% + 17 
GBP / 100 
kg 20% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
3302102910  2,034.7  48.1 0% 0% 0% 
Milk 04029910  3.8 0.1 0% MFN 47 GBP/100 kg  
04029931  3.8 0.1 0% MFN 0.90 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 16 
GBP/100 kg  
04029939  3.8 0.1 0% MFN 0.90 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 15 
GBP/100 kg  
04029991  3.8 0.1 0% MFN 1.50 GBP/kg/ lactic 
matter + 16 GBP/ 
100 kg  
04029999  3.8 0.1 0% MFN 1.50 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 15 
GBP/100 kg  
Plastics  39201023, 39201081, 
39205910, 39206212, 
39209921, 39209952, 
39209953  2043**   0% 0% 0% WT/REG425/1  
 
- 48 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
39201024, 39201025, 
39201028, 39201040, 
39201089, 39202021, 
39202029, 39202080, 
39203000, 39204310, 
39204390, 39204910, 
39204990, 39205100, 
39205990, 39206100, 
39206219, 39206290, 
39206300, 39206900, 
39207100, 39207310, 
39207380, 39207990, 
39209100, 39209200, 
39209300, 39209400, 
39209928, 39209959, 
39209990  2043**   0% 0% 6% 
39207910  2043**   0% 0% 4% 
Women's 
underwear  61082200  27**  0% 0% 12% 
Men's 
swimwear  61123110, 61151010  3**  0% 0% 8% 
61123190, 61153090, 
61151090, 61153011, 
61153019  3**  0% 0% 12% 
Women's 
swimwear  61124110  14**  0% 0% 8% 
61124190  14  0% 0% 12% 
Underwear  61152100  5**  0% 0% 12% 
61152200  2**  0% 0% 12% 
Stockings  61159610, 61159691, 
61159699  24**  0% 0% 12% 
Kitchen 
appliances  73211110, 73211190, 
73211200, 73211900, 
73218100, 73218200, 
73218900, 73219000  2724 
(pieces)**   0% 0% 2% 
Iron or steel  73231000, 73239100, 
73239200, 73239400, 
73251000, 73259100, 
73259910, 73259990  6810**   0% 0% 0% 
73239300, 73239900  6810**   0% MFN 0% or 3.2%  
* Line subject to MFN TRQs . 
** Origin quotas . 
Source:  UK submission and the Agreement . 
Table A2. 5 UK: Preferential tariff rate quotas applied to imports from Ecuador  
Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
Garlic  07032000*  27  0% MFN 8% + 100 
GBP/100 kg  
Frozen sweet 
corn 07104000, 20058000, 
20049010  16  0% 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  4% + 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  
Mushrooms  20031030, 07115100, 
20031020  5  0% 0% 0% 
Sweetcorn 
excluding 
frozen  07119030  21  0% 0% 0% 
20089985, 20019030  21  0% 0% + 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  4% + 7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  
Maize flour  10059000  2256 59 0% MFN 0% WT/REG425/1  
 
- 49 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
11022010  2256 59 0% MFN 144 
GBP/tonne  
11022090  2256 59 0% MFN 82 GBP/tonne  
Rice 10061071*, 10061050*, 
10061030*, 10061079*  265 - 0% MFN 176 
GBP/tonne  
10062017*, 10062098*  265 - 0% MFN 0% or 25 
GBP/tonne  
10062096*, 10062011*, 
10062013*, 10062015*, 
10062092*, 10062094*  265 - 0% MFN 25 GBP/tonne  
10063025*, 10063027*, 
10063021*, 10063067*, 
10063092*, 10063094*, 
10063023*, 10063098*, 
10063042*, 10063044*, 
10063063*, 10063046*, 
10063061*, 10063048*, 
10063065*, 10063096*  265 - 0% MFN 121 
GBP/tonne  
10064000*  265 - 0% MFN 54 GBP/tonne  
Manioc starch  11081400*  159 - 0% MFN 138 
GBP/tonne  
Raw sugar  17011310*, 17011410*  2349 61 0% MFN 28 GBP/100 
kg/std qual  
17011390, 17011490  2349 61 0% MFN 35 GBP/100 
kg 
Refined sugar  17019910, 17019100, 
17019990  570 8 0% MFN 35 GBP / 100 
kg 
17023010, 17029030  570 8 0% MFN 42 GBP/100 
kg/net dry  
17023050  570 8 0% MFN 22 GBP/100 
kg 
17023090, 17024090, 
17029050, 17029079  570 8 0% MFN 16 GBP/100 
kg 
17025000  570 8 0% 42 
GBP/100 
kg/net dry  16% + 42 
GBP/100 
kg/net dry  
17029075  570 8 0% MFN 23 GBP/100 
kg 
17029095, 17029071, 
17029080  570 8 0% MFN 0.30 GBP/100 
kg/% 
sacchar.  
18061030*  570 8 0% 26 
GBP/100 
kg 8% + 26 
GBP/100 kg  
18061090*  570 8 0% 35 
GBP/100 
kg 8% + 35 
GBP/100 kg  
1806209592, 1704909999, 
1806209599, 1704909991, 
2101129892, 2106909826, 
2106909833, 2106909834, 
2106909838, 2106909853, 
2106909855  570 8 0% 0% 8% 
1901909936, 2101209885  570 8 0% 0% 6% 
2006003190, 2006003819, 
2006003889  570 8 0% 20 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 20 
GBP/100 kg  
2007992090  570 8 0% 0% + 16 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 16 
GBP/100 kg  
2007993195, 2007993199, 
2007993395, 2007993399, 
2007993595, 2007993902, 570 8 0% 0% + 19 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 19 
GBP/100 kg  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 50 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
2007993904, 2007993906, 
2007993917, 2007993919, 
2007993924, 2007993927, 
2007993930, 2007993934, 
2007993937, 2007993940, 
2007993944, 2007993599, 
2007993952, 2007993956, 
2007993975, 2007 993985, 
2007993947, 2007911090  
2009111119, 2009111199, 
2009191129, 2009191139, 
2009191159, 2009191179, 
2009291119, 2009291199, 
2009391119, 2009391199, 
2009491119, 2009491199, 
2009811191, 2009811199, 
2009891119, 2009891199, 
2009893529, 2009893539, 
2009893545, 2009893549, 
2009893559, 2009893579, 
2009901190, 2009902119, 
2009902199  570 8 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 30% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
20091191, 20093951, 
20094991, 20099071, 
20093991, 20091991  570 8 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 14% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
20092991  570 8 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 12% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
20098151, 20098986, 
20099094  570 8 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 16% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
20098961  570 8 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 18% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
20099031  570 8 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
3302102910  570 8 0% 0% 0% 
Rum 22084051, 22084099  17 (hl)  1 0% MFN 0.50 GBP/% 
vol/hl  
Plastics  39201024, 39201028, 
39201040, 39201025, 
39202021, 39202029, 
39202080, 39203000, 
39204310, 39204390, 
39204990, 39205100, 
39205990, 39206100, 
39206219, 39206290, 
39206300, 39206900, 
39207100, 39207310, 
39204910, 39207990, 
39209100, 39209200, 
39209300, 39209400, 
39209928, 39209959, 
39209990, 39207380, 
39201089  2043**   0% 0% 6% 
39201081, 39201023, 
39205910, 39206212, 
39209921, 39209952, 
39209953  2043**  
 0% 0% 0% 
39207910  2043**   0% 0% 4% 
Women's 
underwear  61082200  27**  0% 0% 12% WT/REG425/1  
 
- 51 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity 
(tonnes)  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
Men's 
swimwear  61123110, 61151010  3**  0% 0% 8% 
61123190, 61151090, 
61153090, 61153011, 
61153019  3  0% 0% 12% 
Women's 
swimwear  61124110  14**  0% 0% 8% 
61124190  14  0% 0% 12% 
Underwear  61152100  5**  0% 0% 12% 
61152200  2**  0% 0% 12% 
Stockings  61159610, 61159691, 
61159699  24**  0% 0% 12% 
Kitchen 
appliances  73211110, 73211190, 
73211200, 73211900, 
73218100, 73218200, 
73218900, 73219000  2724 
(pieces)**   0% 0% 2% 
Iron or steel 
wool 73231000, 73239100, 
73239200, 73239400, 
73251000, 73259100, 
73259910, 73259990  6810**   0% 0% 0% 
73239300, 73239900  6810**   0% MFN 0% or 3.2%  
* Line subject to MFN TRQs . 
** Origin quotas . 
Source:  UK submission and the Agreement . 
Table A2. 6 UK: Preferential tariff rate quotas applied to imports from Peru  
Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
Bovine 
meat 02011000, 02012020, 
02021000*, 02022010*  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 147 
GBP/100 kg  
02012030, 02022030*  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 118 
GBP/100 kg  
02012050  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 177 
GBP/100 kg  
02012090  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 221 
GBP/100 kg  
02013000, 02061095  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 253 
GBP/100 kg  
02022050*, 02023010*, 
02023050*  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 185 
GBP/100 kg  
02022090*  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 222 
GBP/100 kg  
02023090*, 02062991*  556 29 0% MFN 12% + 254 GBP / 
100 kg  
02102010  556 29 0% MFN 14% + 221 
GBP/100 kg  
02109990, 02102090, 02109951  556 29 0% MFN 14% + 253 
GBP/100 kg  
16029061, 16025010  556 29 0% MFN 253 GBP/100 kg  
Buttermilk  04039011  492 26 0% 0% 84 GBP/100 kg  
04039013  492 26 0% 0% 113 GBP/100 kg  
04039019  492 26 0% 0% 139 GBP/100 kg  
04039031  492 26 0% 0% 0.80 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18  
GBP/100 kg  
04039033  492 26 0% 0% 1.10 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18 
GBP/100 kg  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 52 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
04039039  492 26 0% 0% 1.30 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18 
GBP/100 kg  
04039051  492 26 0% 0% 17 GBP/100 kg  
04039053  492 26 0% 0% 20 GBP/100 kg  
04039059  492 26 0% 0% 49 GBP/100 kg  
04039061, 04039063  492 26 0% 0% 0.10 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
04039069  492 26 0% 0% 0.40 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
04039071  492 26 0% 0% 8% + 79 GBP / 
100 kg  
04039073  492 26 0% 0% 8% + 109 GBP/100 
kg 
04039079  492 26 0% 0% 8% + 141 GBP/100 
kg 
04039091  492 26 0% 0% 8% + 10 GBP/100 
kg 
04039093  492 26 0% 0% 8% + 14 GBP/100 
kg 
04039099  492 26 0% 0% 8% + 22 GBP/100 
kg 
Butter  04051030, 04051011, 
04051019, 04051050, 04052090  130 7 0% 0% 158 GBP/100 kg  
04052030, 04052010  130 7 0% 0% 8% 
04059090, 04051090, 04059010  130 7 0% 0% 193 GBP/100 kg  
Cheese  04061030, 04061050, 04069093  647 34 0% 0% 154 GBP/100 kg  
04061080, 04069099  0% 0% 185 GBP/100 kg  
04063010, 04063039  647 34 0% 0% 121 GBP/100 kg  
04063031  0% 0% 116 GBP/100 kg  
04063090  647 34 0% 0% 179 GBP/100 kg  
04064010, 04064050, 04064090  0% 0% 117 GBP/100 kg  
04069001*, 04069021*  
647 34 0% 0% 139 GBP/100 kg  
04069017, 04069018, 
04069015, 04069013  0% 0% 143 GBP/100 kg  
04069069, 04069063, 
04062000, 04069061  
647 34 0% 0% 157 GBP/100 kg  
04069073, 04069074, 
04069075, 04069076, 
04069078, 04069079, 
04069081, 04069082, 
04069084, 04069050, 
04069089, 04069092, 
04069023, 04069025, 
04069029, 04069032, 
04069035, 04069037, 
04069039, 04069085, 04069086  0% 0% 126 GBP/100 kg  
Garlic  07032000*  384 20 0% 0% + 100 
GBP/100 
kg 8% + 100 GBP/100 
kg 
Ice cream  21050010, 21050091  39 2 0% 1.40 
GBP/100 
kg 8% 
21050099  39 2 0% 1 GBP/100 
kg 6% 
Maize  10059000  2587 136 0% MFN 0% 
Mushrooms  20031020, 20031030, 07115100  25 1 0% 0% 0% 
Milk and 
cream  04021011  777 41 0% 0% 104 GBP/100 kg  
04021019*  777 41 0% 0% 99 GBP/100 kg  
04021091  777 41 0% 0% 1 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 23 
GBP/100 kg  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 53 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
04021099  777 41 0% 0% 1 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
04022111  777 41 0% 0% 113 GBP/100 kg  
04022118  777 41 0% 0% 109 GBP/100 kg  
04022191  777 41 0% 0% 139 GBP/100 kg  
04022199  777 41 0% 0% 135 GBP/100 kg  
04022915, 04022911  777 41 0% 0% 1.10 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18 
GBP/100 kg  
04022919  777 41 0% 0% 1.10 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 14 
GBP/100 kg  
04022991  777 41 0% 0% 1.30 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 18 
GBP/100 kg  
04022999  777 41 0% 0% 1.30 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 14 
GBP/100 kg  
04029910  777 41 0% 0% 47 GBP/100 kg  
04029931  777 41 0% 0% 0.90 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 16 
GBP/100 kg  
04029939  777 41 0% 0% 0.90 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 15 
GBP/100 kg  
04029991  777 41 0% 0% 1.50 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 16 
GBP/100 kg  
04029999  777 41 0% 0% 1.50 GBP / kg / 
lactic matter + 15 
GBP/100 kg  
04029110  1554 82 0% 0% 29 GBP/100 kg  
04029130  1554 82 0% 0% 36 GBP/100 kg  
04029151  1554 82 0% 0% 92 GBP/100 kg  
04029159  1554 82 0% 0% 91 GBP/100 kg  
04029191  1554 82 0% 0% 153 GBP/100 kg  
04029199  1554 82 0% 0% 152 GBP/100 kg  
Swine  
meat 02031110, 02032110  494 26 0% 0% 44 GBP/100 kg  
02031211*, 02032211*  494 26 0% 0% 65 GBP/100 kg  
02031219*, 02032911*, 
02031911*, 02032219*  494 26 0% 0% 50 GBP/100 kg  
02031915*, 02032915*  494 26 0% 0% 39 GBP/100 kg  
02031959*, 02031955*, 
02032959*, 02031913*, 
02032955*, 02032913*  494 26 0% 0% 72 GBP/100 kg  
Poultry  02071110*, 02072760, 
02072660  1940 102 0% MFN 21 GBP/100 kg  
02071190*, 02071290*  1940 102 0% MFN 27 GBP/100 kg  
02071210*, 02071130*  1940 102 0% MFN 25 GBP/100 kg  
02071320*, 02071420*  1940 102 0% MFN 29 GBP/100 kg  
02071350*, 02071450*  1940 102 0% MFN 50 GBP/100 kg  
02071360*, 02072770, 
02074130, 02074230, 
02074461, 02071460*, 
02074561, 02076061, 02072670  1940 102 0% MFN 38 GBP/100 kg  
02071370*, 02071470*  1940 102 0% MFN 84 GBP/100 kg  
02071399, 02071440*, 
02071340*, 02072640, 
02072699, 02072740, 
02072799, 02074441, 
02074499, 02071499, 
02074599, 02075441, 
02075499, 02075541, 1940 102 0% MFN 15 GBP/100 kg  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 54 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
02075599, 02076041, 
02076099, 02074541  
02071410*, 02071310*  1940 102 0% MFN 85 GBP/100 kg  
02071430*, 02071330*, 
02072630, 02072730, 
02074431, 02074531, 
02075431, 02075531, 02076031  1940 102 0% MFN 22 GBP/100 kg  
02072490, 02072590, 02074120  1940 102 0% MFN 31 GBP/100 kg  
02072510, 02072410  1940 102 0% MFN 28 GBP/100 kg  
02072610, 02072710*  1940 102 0% MFN 71 GBP/100 kg  
02072620, 02072720*  1940 102 0% MFN 34 GBP/100 kg  
02072650, 02072750  1940 102 0% MFN 56 GBP/100 kg  
02072680, 02072780*  1940 102 0% MFN 69 GBP/100 kg  
02074180, 02074280  1940 102 0% MFN 42 GBP/100 kg  
02074410, 02076010, 02074510  1940 102 0% MFN 107 GBP/100 kg  
02074421, 02074521  1940 102 0% MFN 47 GBP/100 kg  
02074451, 02076051, 02074551  1940 102 0% MFN 96 GBP/100 kg  
02074471, 02074571, 
02075471, 02075571  1940 102 0% MFN 55 GBP/100 kg  
02074481, 02074581, 
02075481, 02075581, 02076081  1940 102 0% MFN 103 GBP/100 kg  
02075110, 02075210  1940 102 0% MFN 37 GBP/100 kg  
02075190, 02075290  1940 102 0% MFN 40 GBP/100 kg  
02075410, 02075510  1940 102 0% MFN 92 GBP/100 kg  
02075421, 02075521  1940 102 0% MFN 44 GBP/100 kg  
02075451, 02075551  1940 102 0% MFN 72 GBP/100 kg  
02075461, 02075561  1940 102 0% MFN 58 GBP/100 kg  
02076005  1940 102 0% MFN 41 GBP/100 kg  
02076021  1940 102 0% MFN 45 GBP/100 kg  
02109939*  1940 102 0% MFN 108 GBP/100 kg  
16022010  1940 102 0% MFN 10% 
16022090  1940 102 0% MFN 16% 
16023119*, 16023180*, 
16023219*, 16023111*  1940 102 0% MFN 856 GBP tonne  
16023211*, 16023230*, 
16023290*, 16023921, 
16023929*, 16023985*  1940 102 0% MFN 2313 GBP/tonne  
Rice 10061079*, 10061030*, 
10061050*, 10061071*  8798 463 0% MFN 176 GBP/tonne  
10062011*, 10062013*, 
10062015*, 10062094*, 
10062096*, 10062092*  8798 463 0% MFN 25 GBP/tonne  
10062017*, 10062098*  8798 463 0% MFN 0% or 25 
GBP/tonne  
10063098*, 10063048*, 
10063061*, 10063046*, 
10063067*, 10063092*, 
10063063*, 10063096*, 
10063042*, 10063065*, 
10063094*, 10063021*, 
10063023*, 10063025*, 
10063027*, 10063044*  8798 463 0% MFN 121 GBP/tonne  
10064000*  8798 463 0% MFN 54 GBP/tonne  
Rum 22084051, 22084099  260 14 0% MFN 0.50 GBP/%vol/hl  
Sweetcorn  07104000, 20049010, 
20019030, 20058000, 20089985  183 10 0% 0% + 
7.80 
GBP/100 
kg/net 
drained wt  4% + 7.80 
GBP/100 kg/net 
drained wt  
07119030  183 10 0% 0% 0% 
Yogurt  04031011  10 1 0% 0% 17 GBP/100 kg  
04031013  10 1 0% 0% 20 GBP/100 kg  
04031019  10 1 0% 0% 49 GBP/100 kg  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 55 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
04031031, 04031033  10 1 0% 0% 0.10 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
04031039  10 1 0% 0% 0.40 GBP/kg/lactic 
matter + 17 
GBP/100 kg  
04031051  10 1 0% 0% 8% + 79 GBP/100 
kg 
04031053  10 1 0% 0% 8% + 109 GBP/100 
kg 
04031059  10 1 0% 0% 8% + 141 GBP/100 
kg 
04031091  10 1 0% 0% 8% + 10 GBP/100 
kg 
04031093  10 1 0% 0% 8% + 14 GBP/100 
kg 
04031099  10 1 0% 0% 8% + 22 GBP/100 
kg 
Sugar  17011310*, 17011410*  4655 110 0% MFN 28 GBP/100  kg/std 
qual 
17019910, 17011390, 
17019990, 17011490, 17019100  4655 110 0% MFN 35 GBP/100 kg  
17023010, 17029030  4655 110 0% MFN 42 GBP/100 kg/net 
dry 
17023050  4655 110 0% MFN 22 GBP/100 kg  
17024090, 17023090, 
17029050, 17029079  4655 110 0% MFN 16 GBP/100 kg  
17025000  4655 110 0% 0% + 42 
GBP/100 
kg/net dry  16% + 42 GBP/100 
kg/net dry  
17029075  4655 110 0% MFN 23 GBP/100 kg  
17029095, 17029071, 17029080  4655 110 0% MFN 0.30 GBP / 100 kg 
/ % sacchar.  
Foodstuff  1704909999, 1806209599, 
1806209592, 1704909991, 
2101129892, 2106909826, 
2106909833, 2106909853, 
2106909855, 2106909834, 
2106909838  2116 50 0% 0% 8% 
18061030*  2116 50 0% 0% + 26 
GBP/100 
kg 8% + 26 GBP/100 
kg 
18061090*  2116 50 0% 0% + 35 
GBP/100 
kg 8% +  35 GBP/100 
kg 
1901909936, 2101209885  2116 50 0% 0% 6% 
2006003819, 2006003889, 
2006003190  2116 50 0% 0% + 20  
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 20 GBP/100 
kg 
2007992090  2116 50 0% 0% + 16 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 16 GBP/100 
kg 
2007993195, 2007993199, 
2007993595, 2007993599, 
2007993917, 2007993919, 
2007911090, 2007993930, 
2007993934, 2007993395, 
2007993399, 2007993944, 
2007993947, 2007993902, 
2007993904, 2007993906, 
2007993985, 2007993927, 
2007993975, 2007993924, 
2007993940, 2007993937, 
2007993956, 2007993952  2116 50 0% 0% + 19 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 19 GBP/100 
kg WT/REG425/1  
 
- 56 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
2009111119, 2009111199, 
2009191129, 2009191139, 
2009191159, 2009191179, 
2009291119, 2009291199, 
2009391119, 2009391199, 
2009491119, 2009491199, 
2009811191, 2009811199, 
2009891119, 2009891199, 
2009893529, 2009893539, 
2009893545, 2009893549, 
2009893559, 2009893579, 
2009901190, 2009902119, 
2009902199  2116 50 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 30% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20092991  2116 50 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 12% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20093951, 20093991, 
20094991, 20099071  2116 50 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 14% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
2009691119, 2009691199  2116 50 0% 0% + 101 
GBP/hl + 
17 
GBP/100 
kg 40% + 101 GBP/hl 
+ 17 GBP/100 kg  
20096971  2116 50 0% 0% + 109 
GBP/hl + 
17 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 109 GBP/hl 
+ 17 GBP/100 kg  
20096979  2116 50 0% 0% + 22 
GBP/hl + 
17 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 22 GBP/hl 
+ 17 GBP/100 kg  
2009791119, 2009791199  2116 50 0% 0% + 15 
GBP/100 
kg 30% + 15 GBP/100 
kg 
20098151, 20098986, 20099094  2116 50 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 16% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20098961  2116 50 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 18% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
20099031  2116 50 0% 0% + 17 
GBP/100 
kg 20% + 17 GBP/100 
kg 
21069030  2116 50 0% MFN 35 GBP/100 kg/net 
dry 
21069059  2116 50 0% MFN 0.30 GBP/100 
kg/% sacchar.  
3302102910  2116 50 0% 0% 0% 
Plastics  39201024, 39202080, 
39203000, 39201040, 
39204910, 39204990, 
39201025, 39201028, 
39205990, 39206100, 
39201089, 39202021, 
39202029, 39206300, 
39206900, 39207100, 
39207310, 39207380, 
39207990, 39209100, 
39209200, 39209300, 
39209400, 39209928, 
39209959, 39209990, 
39204390, 39206290, 
39205100, 39206219, 39204310  2043  0% 0% 6% WT/REG425/1  
 
- 57 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
39201081, 39201023, 
39209921, 39209952, 
39209953, 39205910, 39206212  2043 
 0% 0% 0% 
39207910  2043  0% 0% 4% 
Twine  5607503010, 5607501910, 
56081911, 56081180, 
56089000, 5607501110, 
56081990, 5607509091, 
56081120, 56081919, 56081930  108  0% 0% 8% 
Women's 
underwear  61082200  27  0% 0% 12% 
Men's 
swimwear  61123110, 61151010  3  0% 0% 8% 
Women's 
swimwear  61124110  14  0% 0% 8% 
61124190  14  0% 0% 12% 
Underwear  61152100  5  0% 0% 12% 
61152200  2  0% 0% 12% 
Women's 
full-length 
hosiery of 
synthetic 
fibres  61153019, 61153090, 
61153011, 61123190, 61151090  3  0% 0% 12% 
Stockings  61159610, 61159691, 61159699  24  0% 0% 12% 
Kitchen 
appliances  73211110, 73211190, 
73211200, 73211900, 
73218100, 73218200, 
73218900, 73219000  2724  0% 0% 2% 
Iron and 
steel 73231000, 73239100, 
73239200, 73239400, 
73251000, 73259100, 
73259910, 73259990  6810  0% 0% 0% 
73239300, 73239900  6810  0% MFN 0% or 3.2%  
Frozen 
mackerel  03035410  666  0% 0% 20% (01 JUL - 31 
JAN), 0% (01 FEB - 
30 JUN)  
Frozen 
anchovies  03035910  20  0% 0% 14% 
Frozen 
Atlantic 
horse 
mackerel  03035510, 0303559010  10  0% 0% 14% 
Squid  03074391  700  0% 0% 8% 
Other fish  0307495090, 0307495010  417  0% 0% 8% 
Fillets of 
mackerel  16041511  333  0% 0% 25% 
Mackerel  16041519  133  0% 0% 25% 
Prepared 
or 
preserved 
mackerel  16041590  3  0% 0% 20% 
Prepared 
or 
preserved 
anchovies, 
whole or in 
pieces  16041600  67  0% 0% 25% 
Prepared 
or 
preserved 
anchovies 
(excl. 
whole or in 
pieces)  16042040  6  0% 0% 25% 
0307496010, 0307494010  83  0% 0% 6% WT/REG425/1  
 
- 58 - 
 
  Product  Tariff lines  
Quantity  Annual 
quota 
growth  In 
quota 
rate Out of 
quota 
rate MFN rate  
Smoked 
fish 0307590010, 0307190010, 
0307290010, 0307492010, 
0307495010  83 
 0% 0% 8% 
0307790010, 0307990010, 
0307498010  83  0% 0% 10% 
1605539095, 16055600, 
16055700, 16055400, 
16055500, 1605531095, 
16055200, 16055800, 
16055900, 16055100  83 
 0% 0% 20% 
* Line subject to MFN TRQs . 
** Origin quotas . 
Source:  UK submission and the Agreement .  WT/REG425/1  
 
- 59 - 
 
  ANNEX 3  
Table A3. 1 Colombia: tariff lines subject to the price band system for imports from the 
UK 
Tariff lines  MFN 2021  2021  2022  2023  2024  2025  2026  2027  2028  
2309909000  15 + PBS  6 4.5 3 1.5 0 
1501100000, 1501200000, 
1501900000, 1502101000, 
1502109000, 1502901000, 
1502909000, 1503000000, 
1506001000, 1506009000, 
2301201100, 2301201900, 
2304000000, 2306100000, 
2306300000, 2306900000, 
2308009000, 3823110000, 
3823120000, 3823190000  15 + PBS  3.8 1.9 0 
1507100000, 1507901000, 
1507909000, 1508100000, 
1508900000, 1511100000, 
1511900000, 1512111000, 
1512112000, 1512191000, 
1512192000, 1512210000, 
1512290000, 1513110000, 
1513190000, 1513211000, 
1513291000, 1514110000, 
1514190000, 1514910000, 
1514990000, 1515210000, 
1515290000, 1515300000, 
1515500000, 1515900090, 
1516200000, 1517100000, 
1517900000, 1518001000, 
1518009000  20 + PBS  5 2.5 0 
1515900010  10 + PBS  5 2.5 0 
1703100000  
1703900000  15 + PBS  6 3 0 
2302400000  15 + PBS  2.7 1.4 0 
1701140000*  
1701910000*  
1701991000*  
1701999000*  15 + PBS   25.3  21.7  18.1  14.5  10.8  7.2  3.6  0 
* Line subject to TRQs . 
Source:  Colombia submission and WTO -IDB. 
Table A3. 2 Ecuador: tariff lines subject to the price band system for imports from the UK  
Tariff lines  MFN 2021  Agreement  
1515900000, 1518009000  10+PBS 0+PBS 
1702909000  10+PBS PBS 
1202410000, 1202420000, 1206009000, 1502101000, 1502901000, 
2302100000, 2302300000, 2302400000, 2304000000, 2306100000, 
2306300000, 2308009000, 1005901100, 1005901200, 1005903000, 
1005904000, 1005909000, 1007900000, 1201900000, 1208100000, 
1701140000, 1701991000, 1701999000, 1702402000, 1702 600000,  
1703100000, 1703900000, 2309901000, 3505200000  15+ PBS PBS 
0404109000, 1006109000, 1102200000, 1108120000, 1108190000, 
1207109000, 1207309000, 1207609000, 1207709000, 1207999900, 
1502109000, 1503000000, 1507100000, 1507901000, 1507909000, 
1508100 000, 1508900000, 1511100000, 1511900000, 1512111000, 
1512112000, 1512191000, 1512192000, 1512210000, 1512290000, 
1513110000, 1513190000, 1513211000, 1513291000, 1514110000, 
1514190000, 1514910000, 1514990000, 1515210000, 1515300000, 
1516200000, 1517900000,  1701120000, 1702902000, 1702903000, 
1702904000, 2309909012, 2309909019, 2309909091, 2309909099  20+PBS PBS WT/REG425/1  
 
- 60 - 
 
  Tariff lines  MFN 2021  Agreement  
0402101000, 0402109000, 0402211100, 0402211900, 0402219100, 
0402219900, 0402291100, 0402291900, 0402299100, 0402299900, 
0406300000, 0406909000, 1006400000, 1701910000  25+PBS PBS 
0207430000, 0207530000, 0404900000, 0405100000, 0405200000, 
0405902000, 0405909000, 1601000000, 1602311000, 1602321000, 
1602391000  30+PBS PBS 
1515290000, 1515500000, 1517100000  31.5+ PBS PBS 
0203110000, 0203120000, 0203191000, 0203192000, 0203193000, 
0203199000, 0203210000, 0203220000, 0203291000, 0203292000, 
0203293000, 0203299000, 0207110000, 0207120000, 0207240000, 
0207250000, 0207410000, 0207420000, 0207510000, 0207520000, 
0210120000, 2309 109000  45+PBS PBS 
0401100000, 0401200000, 0401400000, 0401500000, 040291100, 
0402919000, 0402999000  54+PBS PBS 
1006200000, 1006300000  67.5+ PBS PBS 
0207130000, 0207140000, 0207260000, 0207270000, 0207440000, 
0207450000, 0207540000, 0207550000, 0207600000  85.5+ PBS PBS 
1205109000, 1205909000, 1207409000, 1207999100, 1208900000, 
1501100000, 1501200000, 1501900000, 1502909000, 1506009000, 
1518001000, 1702302000, 1702309000, 1702401000, 2306900000, 
2309909011, 3505100000  PBS PBS 
Source:  Ecuador submission and WTO -IDB. 
Table A3. 3 Peru: tariff lines subject to the price band system for imports from the UK  
Tariff lines  MFN 2021  Agreement  
0402101000 , 0402109000 , 0402211100 , 0402211900 , 0402219100 , 
0402219900 , 0402291100 , 0402291900 , 0402299100 , 0402299900 , 
0402991000 , 0405100000 , 0405902000 , 0405909000 , 0406300000 , 
0406904000 , 0406905000 , 0406906000 , 0406909000 , 1005901100 , 
1005901200 , 1005901900 , 1005909000 , 1006109000 , 1006200000 , 
1006300000 , 1006400000 , 1701120000 , 1701140000 , 1701999000 , 
1702302000 , 1702600000 , 1702902000 , 1702903000 , 1702904000  0 PBS and TRQ  
0401100000 , 0401200000 , 0404109000 , 1007900000 , 1103130000 , 
1901902000 , 1901909000 , 2106907900 , 2106909000 , 2309909000   0 PBS 
1108120000, 1108130000, 3505100000  6 PBS 
Source:  the Agreement . 
__________