DEAS  1119 -4: 2023 
ICS 71.100.70  
 
© EAC 2022                                                                                                                             First Edition 202 3  
 DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  
Skin applied mosquito repellent  — Specification — Part 4: Bathing soap 
 
EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
ii © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
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Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreeme nt. 
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© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   iii  
 Contents  Page 
Foreword  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  vi 
1 Scope  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  1 
2 Normat ive references  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  1 
3 Terms and definitions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  2 
4 Symbols and/or abbreviated terms  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 2 
5 Active ingredients  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 3 
5.1 Natural repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 3 
5.2 Synt hetic repellents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............................  3 
6 Requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  4 
6.1 General requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  4 
6.2 Specific requirements  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  4 
6.3 Biological efficacy  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ . 6 
7 Packaging  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  7 
8 Labelling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  7 
9 Sampling  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  7 
Annex  A (normative)  Determination of DEET content  ................................ ................................ ...................  8 
A.1 Gener al ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................  8 
A.2 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  8 
A.3 Preparation of calibration curve  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  8 
A.4 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  8 
A.5 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  9 
Annex B (normative)  Determination of ethyl butylacetamidopropionate ( IR3535).  ................................ .. 10 
B.1 Outline of method  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  10 
B.2 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  10 
B.3 Apparat us ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  10 
B.4 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  10 
B.4.1  Chrom atographic conditions (typical)  ................................ ................................ ..............................  10 
B.5 Preparation of sample.  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  11 
B.6 System equilibration  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  11 
B.7 Determination.  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 11 
B.8 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  12 
Annex C (normative)  Determination of icaridin  ................................ ................................ ............................  13 
C.1 outline of method  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................  13 
C.2 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  13 
C.3 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  13 
C.4 procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  13 
C.4.1  Chromatographic conditions (typical)  ................................ ................................ ..............................  13 
C.5 Preparation of sample  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........................  14 
C.6 Equilibratio n of the system  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................  14 
C.7 Determination  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 14 
C.8  Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........  14 
Anne x D (normative)  Determination of total pyreth rins ................................ ................................ ..............  16 
D.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  16 
D.2 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  16 
D.3 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............  16 
D.4 Operating conditions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..........................  16 DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
iv © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 D.5 Preparation of the standard  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  16 
D.6 Sampl e preparation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  17 
D.7 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  17 
D.8 Calculation of the % total pyrethrins (activ e ingredient)  ................................ ................................  17 
Annex E (normative)  Texture and stability test  ................................ ................................ ...........................  18 
Annex F (normative)  Determination of free fatty acids conte nt as oleic acid  ................................ ..........  19 
F.1 Barium chloride method  ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................  19 
F.1.1  Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  19 
F.2 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  19 
Annex G (normative)  Determination of Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) and TricIosan (TCN) in soaps 
by HPLC  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  21 
G.1 Principle  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  21 
G.2 Normal phase HPLC  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........................  21 
G.2.1  Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  21 
G.2.2  Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  21 
G.2.3  Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  22 
G.2.4 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  22 
G.3 Revers e phase  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 23 
G.3.1  Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  23 
G.3.2  Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  23 
G.3.3  Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  23 
C.3.4  Calculations  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .........  24 
Annex H (normative)  Determination of chloroaniline  ................................ ................................ .................  25 
H.1 Principle  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  25 
H.2 Safety precautions  ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............................  25 
H.3 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  25 
H.4 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  26 
H.5 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  26 
Annex I (normative)  Test for lather volume of Bathing bar  ................................ ................................ ........  28 
I.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  28 
I.2 Outline of the method  ................................ ................................ ................................ .........................  28 
I.3 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  28 
I.4 Apparatus  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  28 
I.5 Preparation of standard hard water  ................................ ................................ ................................ .. 28 
I.6 Sample preparation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................  28 
I.7 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  29 
I.8 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  29 
Annex J (normative)  Evaluation of the mushing properties of a bathing bar  ................................ ..........  30 
J.1 Principle  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............  30 
J.2 Equipment  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  30 
J.2.1  For sample preparation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  30 
J.3 Bar preparation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 30 
J.4 Test procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... 31 
J.5 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  31 
J.6 Criteria for conformity  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  31 
Annex k (normative)  Determination of grittiness in bathing bar  ................................ ...............................  32 
K.1 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  32 
K.2 Criteria for conformity  ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................  32 
Annex L (normative)  Determination of rosins  ................................ ................................ .............................  33 
L.1 General  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................  33 
L.2 Reagents  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..............  33 
L.3 Procedure  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............  33 
L.4 Calculation  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...........  33 
L.4.1  Uncorrected rosin  ................................ ................................ ................................ ...............................  33 
L.4.2  Corrected rosin  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 34 
L.4.3  Liebermann -Storch test  ................................ ................................ ................................ .....................  34 DEAS  1119 -4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   v  
 Bibliography  ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................  35 
 DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
vi © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Foreword  
Development of the East African Standards h as been necessitated by the need for harmonizing requirements 
governing quality of products and services in t he East African Community. It is envisaged that thr ough 
harmonized standardization, trade barriers that are encountered when goods and services are  exchanged 
within the Community will be removed.  
The Community has established an East African Standards Com mittee (EASC)  mandated to develop and 
issue East Af rican Standards  (EAS) . The Committee is composed of representatives of the National 
Standards Bo dies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the public and private sector 
organizations  in the community .  
East African Standards are develop ed through  Technical Committees that are representative of key 
stakeholders including government , academia, consumer groups, private sector and other interested parties. 
Draft East African Standards are ci rculated to stakeholders through the National Stand ards Bodies in the 
Partner States. The comments received are discussed and incorporated before f inalization of standards, in 
accordance with the Principles and procedures for develop ment of East African St andards. 
East African Standards are subject to revi ew, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the East 
African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of the standards 
they are implementing .  
The com mittee responsible for this document is Technical C ommittee EASC/TC 078, Healthcare and medical 
devices.  
Attention is drawn to the possibility that  some of the elements of this document may be subject of patent 
rights. EAC shall not be held responsible for  identifying any or all such patent rights.  
DEAS 11 19 consists of the following parts, under the general title Skin applied mosquito repellents —
Specification:  
Part 1 : Lotions, creams, gels and ointments  
Part 2 : Sprays and roll -ons 
Part 3: Wipes  
Part 4: Bathing soaps  
Part 5: Bracelets, wristbands and patches  
Part 6: Jelly  DRAFT EAST AFRICAN STANDARD  DEAS  1119 -4:2023 
 
© EAC 2023 – All rights reserved  1 
 Skin applied mosquito repellent  — Specification — Part 4: Bathing soap   
1 Scope   
This Draft East African  Standard specifies the requirements, sampling and test met hods for  skin ap plied 
mosquito repellent bathing soap .  
2 Normative references   
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a  way that some or all of their content constitutes 
requirements of this docume nt. For dated references, only the edition cited appli es. For undated references, 
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.  
DEAS 1120 -1, Mosquito repellents  ― Performance test guidelines ― Part 1: Skin applied repell ents 
EAS 377 (all parts), Cosmetics and cosmetic produ cts 
EAS 814, Determination of biodegradability of surfactants — Test method  
EAS 846  
ISO 2271  
ISO 673  
EAS 127  
EAS 794  
ISO 457  
ISO 1067  
ISO 4315  
EAS 346  
ISO 456, Surface active agents — Analysis of soaps — Determination of free caustic alkali  
ISO 685, Analys is of soaps — Determination of total alkali content and total free fatty matter content  
ISO 862, Surface active agents — Vocabulary  
US ISO 241 53, Random sampling and randomization procedures  
US 2373 -1, Mosquito repellents ― Performance test guidelines ― Pa rt 1: Skin applied repellents  
US EAS 186 -1:2021, Bathing soap -Specification -Part 1: Solid  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
2 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 3 Terms and definitions   
For the purposes of this document, the t erms and definitions given in EAS  846 and the following apply.  
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:  
  
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp . 
3.1  
mosquito  
blood -sucki ng dipterous insect of the family Culicidae. Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Mansonia, and Stegomyia 
are genera containing most spe cies involved in the transmission of protozoan and other disease -causing 
parasites  
3.2  
mosquito repellent  
substance applied to det er mosquito from approaching or settling   
3.3 
natural repellents  
repellents that contain, plant -based compounds  
3.4  
synth etic repellents  
conventional repellents containing chemical compounds manufactured to imitate the natural compounds.  
3.5 
bathing s oap 
soap which is intended for use in bathing  
3.6 
toilet soap  
bathing soap containing fatty acids and does not contain synth etic surface -active agents  
3.7 
antibacterial toilet soap  
toilet soap containing antibacterial agent(s)  
3.8 
bathing bar  
bathing soap containing fatty acids and/or synthetic surface -active agents  
3.9 
antibacterial bathing soap  
bathing bar containing antibact erial agent(s)  
4 Symbols and/or abbreviated terms   
DEET  N, N-Diethyl -meta -toluamide or diethyltoluamide  
IR3535  ethyl butylacetylami nopropionat e 
Picaridin / icaridin  1-(1-methylpropoxycarbonyl) -2-(2-hydroxyethyl) piperidine or 2 -(2-hydroxyethyl) -1-
piperidineca rboxyli c acid 1 -methylpropyl ester  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   3  
 5 Active ingredients  
5.1 Natural repellents  
5.1.1 Active in gredien ts used in natural repellent s shall be plant -based  compounds which are able to deter 
mosquitoes from approaching or settling. Such shall be essential oils or any other plant extract approved  by 
relevant authority  as mosquito repellents.  
5.1.2 The m anufact urer shall provide adequate data on the repellence of such ingredients.   Adequate data 
shall include  laboratory studies showing estimation of effective dose (technical material) and estimation of 
complete protection time; and the outcomes of field t rials s howing efficacy and persiste nce of t echnical 
material; efficacy and persistence of formulated product.  
5.1.3 The manufacturer shall have adequate data justifying the safety and proportion  of ingredient(s) used 
in the product, for which claims are ma de.  
5.1.4 The essential oils used and othe r plant extracts in natural repellents shall be, but not limited to:  
a) cedarwood ;  
b) tea tree ;  
c) geranium ;  
d) rosemary ;  
e) lemongrass ;  
f) citronella ;  
g) eucalyptus ;  
h) cinnamon ;  
i) neem ;  
j) peppermint 
k) garlic 
l) lavender  
m) cloves 
n) basils  
o) jasmine;  and 
p) pyrethrum  
5.1.5 The p roportion of single or blended active ingredient (s) in natural repellent shall be set by the 
manufacturer in accordance with the relevant  standard and records shal l be availed.  
5.1.6 Pyret hrum extracts such as pyrethrins shall be considered in natural re pellents.  
5.2 Synthetic repellents   
5.2.1 Synthetic repellents shall contain synthetic chemical compounds which are able to de ter mosquitoes 
from approaching or settling on the surface.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
4 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 5.2.2 If a synthetic active ingr edient is blended with oth er active ingredient (s), either natural or synthetic, 
the proportion shall be set by the manufacturer based on scientific research and r ecords shall be availed.  
5.2.3 Synthetic repellents and their active ingredients shall be ap proved and registered by relevant authority 
before being released to the market.  
6 Requirements  
6.1 General requirements  
6.1.1 The product shall constitute a mosqu ito repellent that is formulated as bathing soap and shall be 
essentially a product which has  active ingredient(s) adde d to a cer tain level.   
6.1.2 Bathing soap shall include the following :  
a) Toilet soap  
b) Bathing bar  
c) liquid 
6.1.3 The product shall be in the form of cake  or liquid  or bar.  
6.1.4 When applied to th e skin, the product shall have the benefit of repelling mosqui toes and shall not 
have a harmful  effect to the skin   
6.1.5 Bathing soap in the form of cake or bar shall be firm and of uniform texture and colou r, and shall be free 
from objectionable  (disagreeable) odour  and shall remain hard, smooth and not crumble whe n tested in 
accordance with Annex E. 
6.1.6 Liquid bathing soap shall be a homogeneous, clear, translucent or  opaque liquid with good lathering and  
cleaning properties. It may contain permissible synthetic detergents.  
6.1.7 All ingredients shall comply with  the requirements of EAS 377.  
6.2 Specific requirements  
6.2.1 Active ingredients and their  content in mosquito repellent bathing soap shall meet the requirements 
prescribed in Table 1, when tested in accordance with the test methods specified therein   
Table 1 — Active ingredients content for mosquito repellent bathing soap   
S/N  Characteristic  Requirement  Test method  
i  DEET a, % w/w.  4 – 30 Annex A  
ii IR3535 a, % w/w.  7.5 – 20.07  Annex B 
ii i Picaridin a, % w/w.  5 – 20 Annex C 
iv Pyrethrins  b, % w/w  0.3 - 0.5 Annex D 
a Applicable to synthe tic mosquito repellent  bathing  soap  
b  Applicable to mosquito repellent containing extracts from pyrtherum.  
 
 
 
6.2.2 Skin applied mosquito repellent liquid bathing s oap shall comply with the specific requirements g iven 
in Table 2 when tested in ac cordance to the methods described therein.   DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   5  
 Table 2 — Specific requirements for skin applied mosquito repellent of liquid bathing soap   
S.No.  Characteristics  Requirement  Test method  
Liquid bat hing soap  Antibacterial liq uid 
bathing soap  
i.  Total fatty matter, % by mass, min  15.0 15.0 ISO 685  
ii.  Free caustic alkali,  (K2O), % by 
mass, max.  0.03 0.03 ISO 45 6 
iii.  Synthetic detergents, % by mass, 
max.  2.0 2.0 ISO 2271  
iv.  Matter insoluble in ethanol, % by  
mass, max  5.0 5.0 ISO 673  
v.  Antibacterial agent TricIosan(TCN) 
and Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC), % 
by mass, max  N/A 1.0 either singly or in 
combination  Annex G 
vi.  Chloroaniline content, ppm, max  N/A 10.0 Annex H 
vii.  Phosphate  Absent  Absent  EAS 127  
viii.  Antibacter ial activity  N/A To pass te st EAS 794  
ix.  pH at 27°C ± 2°C  7.5 – 9.5 7.5 – 9.5 Annex D  
Note: Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) is not heat stable and decomposes into chloroanilines on prolonged heating above 60 °C. If TCC is used in soap, the 
manufacturer should t ake care that such soap is not subjected to temperature above 60°C during the entire manufacturing process or during stora ge. 
 
6.2.3  Skin applied mosquito repellent toilet soap shall comply with the specific requirements given in Table  
3 when t ested in accordance to the methods des cribed therein . 
Table  3 — Specific requirements for skin applied mosquito repellent toilet soap   
S.No.  Characteristics  Requirement   Test method  
Toilet  soap Antibacterial  toilet  
soap 
i.  Total  fatty matter  content,  % by 
mass,  min 70.0 70.0 ISO 685 
ii.  Conte nt of matter  insoluble  in 
ethano l, % by mass, max 2.5 2.5 ISO 673 
iii.  Free caustic  alkali  content as  
NaOH,  % by mass,  max 0.1 0.1 ISO 456 
iv.  Free fatty acids  content  as oleic 
acid,  % by mass,  max 0.3 0.3 Annex  F 
v.  Chlorides  content  as NaCI,  % by 
mass,  max 0.8 0.8 ISO 457 
vi.  Unsaponified  fatty matter content,  % 
by mass,  max 0.5 0.5 ISO 1067  
vii.  Antibacterial  agent  TricIosan  (TCN)  
and Trichl orocarbanilide  (TCC),  % 
by mass, max.  N/A 1.0 either singly  or in  
combination  Annex  G 
viii.  Chloroaniline  content,  ppm,  max N/A 10.0 Annex  H DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
6 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 ix.  Antibacterial  activity N/A To pass the  test EAS 794. 
NOTE 1 Solid toilet soap is liable to lose moisture on storage.  The results of analysis in respect to free caustic alkali, free carbonated alkali and matter 
insoluble in alcohol should be r ecalculated in relation to the m inimum sp ecified total fatty matter by mea ns of the following equation:  
actual result x minimum sp ecified total fatty matter  
Corrected result = 
actual total fatty matter  
The corrected results should be used to determine whet her the product is up to standar d. 
NOTE 2  Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) is no t heat stable and decomposes into chloro anilines on pro longed heating above 60 °C. If TCC is used in soap, the 
manufacturer should take care that such soap is not subjected to tempe rature above 60°C during the ent ire manuf acturing process or during storag e.. 
 
6.2.4  Mosquito  repellent  bathing  bar shall comply with the specific requirements Table 4 when tested in 
accordance to the methods described therein . 
Table 4 — Specific requirem ents for skin applied mosquito repellent bathing bar  
S.No.  Characteristics  Requirement  Test method  
Bathing bar  Antibacterial  bathing 
bar 
i.  Total fatty  matter,  % by  mass,  min 50.0 50.0 ISO 685 
ii.  Lather, mL, min 200 200 Annex  I 
iii.  Mush  (loss  in mass  due mushing  
on a wet surface),  g/30 cm2, max 10.0 10.0 Annex  J 
iv.  Freedom  from grittiness  To pass  a test To pass a  test Annex  K 
v.  Total  alkalinity  (as NaOH)  % by 
mass,  max 1.0 1.0 ISO 4315  
vi.  Rosins,  as % of total fatty matter,  
max 2 2 Annex  L 
vii.  Antibacterial  agent TricIosan
 (TCN)  and 
Trichlorocarban ilide (TCC),  % by 
mass,  max.  n/a 1.0 
either singly  or in  
combination  Annex  G 
viii.  Chloroaniline  content,  ppm,  max n/a 10.0 Annex  H 
ix.  Antibacterial  activity  n/a To pass the  test EAS 794. 
NOTE 1 Solid toilet soap is liabl e to lose moisture on storage. The resu lts of analys is in respect to free caustic alkali, free carbonated alkali and matter 
insoluble in alcohol should be recalculated in relation to t he minimum sp ecified total fatty matter by means of the following equati on: 
actual result x minimum specified t otal fatty ma tter 
Corrected result =  
actual total fatty matter  
The corrected results should be used to determine whether the product is up to sta ndard.  
NOTE 2  Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) is not heat stable and decompos es into chloro anilines on prolonged he ating above 6 0 °C. If TCC is used in soap, the 
manufacturer should take care that such soap is not subjected to temperature above 60°C during the  entire manuf acturing process or during storage. . 
 
6.3 Biological effic acy 
When tested in accordance with DEAS  1120 -1, the product shall repel 100% of the mosquitoes from 
approaching or climbing on that surface, within protection time indicated by the man ufacturer.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   7  
 7 Pack aging  
The product shall be packaged in suitable well -sealed containers that shall protect the contents and shall not 
cause any contamination , deterioration or reaction  with the product.  
8 Labelling  
In addition to t he lab elling requirements given in EAS 346, the package shall be legibly and indelibly labelled 
in English and/ or any other official language (Frenc h, Kiswahili, etc.) used in the importing East African 
Partner State  with the following information:  
a) name o f the product ; as “Mosquito  repellent  bathing soap ”  
b) form of product as “ toilet soap ”, “bathing bar” or “liquid  ”; 
c) instructions for use;  
d) active ingre dient (s) content;  
e) expiry date ; 
f) date of manufacture;  
g) batch number;  and  
h) precaution/w arning  
9 Sampling  
Sampling shall be done in accordance with ISO 24153.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
8 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Annex  A 
(normative)  
 
Determination of DEET co ntent  
A.1 General  
The sample is dissolved in carbon di sulfide and the difference in absorba nce at 14.18 μm and at 14.48 μm is 
determined. The quantity of meta -isomer is obtained from this value by means of a cali bration curve prepared 
by the use of a refer ence standard.  
A.2 Apparatus  
A.2.1  Double -beam infrared spectrophotometer  
A.2.2  Two equival ent infrared absorption cells, with sodium chlo ride windows and a path length of 
approximately 0.4 mm.  
A.3 Preparation of  calibration curve  
A.3.1  Weigh (to the neare st 0.1 mg) into four volumetric flasks sufficient amounts of the reference DEET 
standard of  known purity to give concentrations of approxi mately 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/L when dissolved in 
carbon disulfide.  
A.3.2  Fill the reference cell with carbon disulfide and the sample cell with each of the standard solutions in 
turn, and record the spectra. Th e spectrum may be scanned rapidly, except for t he region 12 – 15 μm, where 
a normal speed should be used. Carry out a bla nk measurement with carbon disulfide to corr ect for any 
inequality in the paired cells and to determine whether a cell correction is re quired.  
A.3.3  Measure the absorbance at 14.18 μm and at 14.48 μm and calculate the difference between these 
values, ΔA, for each of the solutions. Plot the values o f ΔA against the concentration ( mg/L) of the meta -
isomer.  
A.3.4  If a cell correction is re quired, the value of ΔA is determined from the formula:  
ΔA = [A14.18 – A14.48]  ref. - [A14.48]  blank  
Where ref. = determination with reference standard  
blank = det ermination on CS2 blank  
A.4 Procedure  
Weigh (to the nearest 0.1 mg) about 0.5 g of the samp le, transfer quantitatively to a 10 mL volumetr ic flask, 
and make up to the mark with carbon disulfide. Measure the infrared absorption at 14.18 μm and 14.48 μm 
using the same conditions as described in clause  A.3. Determine the concentration of meta -isome r by 
comparing this value with the calibration curve. A standard sample should be run each day to check the 
calibration of the instrument.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   9  
 A.5 Calculation  
DEET conte nt (g/kg)  
where,   
C1 concentration (g/L) of standard DEET found from calibration curve  
C2 concentration (g/L) of sample taken  
P purity (g/kg) of the reference standard  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
10 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Annex B  
(normative)  
 
Determination  of ethyl butylacetamidopropionate (IR3535 ). 
B.1 Outline of method  
B.1.1  Ethyl butylacetamidopropionate is determined by capillary gas chroma tography using flame ionisation 
detection and i nternal standardisation.  
B.1.2  The retention time of the ethyl butylacetamidopropionate peak of the sample solution sh ould not 
deviate by more than 2 % from that of the calibration solution.  
B.2 Reagents  
B.2.1 Acetonitrile  
B.2.2  Ethyl butylacetamidopropion ate, standard of known purity  
B.2.3  Methyl tridecanoate, internal standard  
B.2.4  Calibration solution.  
B.2.4.1  Weigh ( to the nearest 0.1 mg in duplicate) into volumetric flasks (10 ml) about 100 mg ethyl 
butyl acetamidopropionate standard (s mg) and about 1 00 mg methyl tridecanoate (r mg).  
B.2.4.2  Dissolve in acetonitrile and fill to the mark with acetonitrile (solutions C1 and C2). The solutions 
are stable for one week at room temperature.  
B.3 Apparatus  
B.3.1  Gas chromatograph equipped with a split/splitle ss injection and a flame ionisation detector  
B.3.2  Capillary column fused silica, 25 m × 0.32 (i.d.) mm, coated with C P-Sil 5 CB, film thickness: 1.2 µm  
B.3.3  Electric integrator or data system  
B.4 Procedure  
B.4.1 Chrom atographic conditions (typical)  
B.4.1.1 Column  fused  silica,  25 m × 0.32 mm (i.d.),  film thickness: 1.2 µm, coated with 
CP-Sil 5 CB  
B.4.1.2  Injection syste m 
B.4.1.2.1  Injector : split injection  
B.4.1.2.2  Split ratio :1:50 DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   11  
 B.4.1.2  Detector : Flame io nisation  
B.4.1.3  Temperatures  
B.4.1.3.1  Injecti on port :300 °C  
B.4.1.3.2  Detector :310 °C  
B.4.1.3.3  Oven program  
B.4.1.3.3.1  initial: 120 °C  
B.4.1.3.3.2  Program rate: 10 °C/min  
B.4.1.3.3.3  Final: 260 °C  
B.4.1.4  Injection volume : 5 µl 
B.4.1.5  Gas flow rates  
B.4.1.5.1  Helium  1.1 ml/min  
B.4.1.5.2  Helium ( make up)  45 ml/min  
B.4.1.5.3  Hydrogen  40 ml/min  
B.4.1.6  Retention times  
B.4.1.6.1  ethyl butylacetamidopropionate: abo ut: 10.4 min  
B.4.1.6.2  methyl tridecanoate: about: 10.9 min  
B.5 Preparation of sample.  
B.5.1 Weigh in duplicate (to the nearest 0.1 mg) in to volumetric flasks (10 ml) sufficient sample to contain 
about 100 mg ethyl butylacetamidopropionate (w mg) and about  100 mg methyl tridecanoate (q mg).  
B.5.2  Dissolve in acetonitrile and fill to the mark wi th acetonitrile (solutions S1 and S2). The solu tions are 
stable for one week at room temperature . 
B.6 System equilibration  
Inject 0.1 µl portions of the calibration solution and repeat the injections until retention times and calibration 
factors vary by le ss than 0.1 % of the mean of three successive i njections.  
B.7 Determination.  
B.7.1  Inject 0.1 µl portions of the calibration solution and sample solutions in the fol lowing sequence: C 1, S1, 
C2, S2,…etc.  
B.7.2  Determine the peak areas and calculate the mean  response factor ( f) of the calibration solutio n 
injections bracketing the injections of the sample solutions . DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
12 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 B.8 Calculation  
B.8.1  Individual response factor  
 is calculated as follows:  
 
B.8.2  Ethyl butylacetamidopropionate shall be calcul ated as follows:  
 
where:  
 
fi individual  respon se factor  
f mean  response  factor  
Hs peak  area of ethyl butylacetamidopropionate  in the calibration  solution  
Hw peak  area of ethyl butylacetamidopropionate  in the sample  solution  
Ir peak  area of the internal st andard  in the calibration  solution  
Iq peak  area of the internal standard  in the sample  solution  
s mass  of ethyl  butylacetamidopropionate  standard  in the calibration  solution  (mg) 
r mass  of internal  standard  in the calibration  solution  (mg) 
q mass  of intern al standard  in the sample  solution  (mg) 
w mass  of sample  taken  (mg) 
P purity  of ethyl  butylacetamidopropionate  standard  (g/kg)  
Repeatability  r 18 g/kg at 1002  g/kg active ingredient  content  
Reproducibility  R 18 g/kg at 1002  g/kg active  ingredient  content  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   13  
 Annex C  
(normative)  
 
Determination of icaridin  
C.1 outline of method  
Icaridin is determined by capillary gas chromatograph  using internal standardisation and flame io nisation 
detection.  
C.2 Reagents  
C.2.1  Icaridin reference standard with known content  
C.2.2  Dimethyl Phthalate internal standard  
C.2.3  Propan-2-ol 
C.2.4 Calibration solution.  
Weigh (to the nearest 0.1 mg) about 100mg icaridin reference substance (s mg) and  100 mg dimethyl 
phthalate ( r mg) into a volumetric flask (20 ml). Fill to the mark with pr opan -2-ol and homogenise.  
C.3 Apparatus  
C.3.1 Gas chromatograph capable of operating in the range 150 °C to 330 °C, fitted with a flame ionisation 
detector, a split injector and an autosampler  
C.3.2 Column quartz,30 m ×0.25 mm (i.d), coated with dimethyl p olysiloxane/ diphenyl polysiloxane 95/5% 
(e.g. DB5), film thickness 0.25 µm 
C.3.3 Electronic integrator or data system  
C.4 procedure  
C.4.1 Chromatographic conditions  (typical)  
C.4.1.1  Column: Quartz,30 m × 0.25  mm (i.d.),  coated with dimethyl polysiloxane/  diphenyl polysiloxane 
95/5% (e.g. DB5), film t hickness 0.25 µm  
C.4.1.2  Injection system  
C.4.1.2.1  Injector: split injection  
C.4.1.2.2  Split flow:40ml/min  
C.4.1.2  Detector: Flame ionisation  
C.4.1.3  Temperatures  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
14 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 C.4.1.3.1  Injector :240 °C 
C.4.1.3.2  Detector: 330 °C 
C.4.1.3.3  Oven program : 150 °C hold for 2  min, gradient: 10°C/ min to 330 °C, hold for 3 min.  
C.4.1.4  Injection volume: 1 µl 
C.4.1.5  Gas flow rates  
C.4.1.5.1  Helium  (carrier)  1.5 ml/min  (100kpa)   
C.4.1.5.2  Hydrogen: about 30ml/min   
C.4.1.5.3  Air: about 3 00ml/min  
C.4.1.5.4  Nitrogen (makeup):  abou t 25ml/min  
C.4.1.6  Run time: about 25 min  
C.4.1.7 Retention times  
C.4.1.6.1  Dimethyl Phthalate : about 3  min 
C.4.1.6.2  Icaridin : about 4.5  min 
C.5 Preparation of sample  
Weigh (to the nearest 0.1 mg) into a volu metric flask (20 ml) sufficient sample to conta in about 100 mg icaridin 
(w mg) and about 100 mg dimethyl phthalate ( q mg). Fill to the mark with propan -2-ol and homo genise.  
C.6 Equilibration of the system  
Inject 1 µl portion of calibration solution and rep eat the injections until retention times and th e icaridin to the 
internal standard peak area ration vary by less than 0.5% of the mean for successive injections.  
C.7 Determination  
C.7.1 Inject in duplicate 1 µ portions  of the calibration solution (C 1 and C 2) and of the sample solution (S 1, 
S2, etc.) in  the following sequence: C1, S1, S2, ...C 2).  
C.7.2 Determine the peak areas and calculate the response factor ( f) from  the calibration solutions 
bracketing the injections of the sample solutions.  Calculate the  content of the sample solution s.  
C.8  Calcula tion 
C.8.1  Response factor f is calculated as follows:  
 
C.8.2  Icaridin content shall be calculated in g/kg as follow s: DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   15  
 
 
where:  
f mean  response  factor  
Hs peak  area of icaridin  in the calibration  solution  
Hw  peak area of icaridin  in the sample solution  
Ir peak  area of dimethyl phthalate in the calibration  solution  
Iq peak  area of  dimethyl phthalate in the sample  solutio n 
s mass  of icaridin  in the calibration  solution  (mg) 
r mass  of dimethyl phthalate in the calibration  solution  (mg) 
q mass  of dimethyl pht halate  in the sample  solution  (mg) 
w mass  of sample  taken  (mg) 
P purity  of icaridin  standard  (g/kg)  
Repeatability r  12 g/kg to 14 g/kg at  986 g/kg active  ingredient  content  
Reproducibility R  14 g/kg at 986 g/kg active  ingredient  content  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
16 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Annex  D 
(normative)  
 
Determination of total pyrethrins  
D.1 General  
The active ingredien ts in pyrethrum extract may be determined using a HPLC system first by injecting a 
solution  of the analyte into the chromatograph, followe d by the separation and comparison of peaks areas of 
the analytes in the sample with that of an external standard cont aining a known amount of the analytes. The 
peaks are eluted in the following order: Cinerin  II, Pyrethrin II, Jasmolin II (total Pyrethrin s II) and Cinerin I, 
Pyrethrin I, Jasmolin I (total Pyrethrins I).  
D.2 Reagents  
D.2.1  World pyrethrum standard, 50 %  
D.2.2 Acetonitrile, HPLC grade  
D.2.3  Water, HPLC grade  
D.3 Apparatus  
A liquid chromatography  System equipped with an auto -sampler, a Variab le Wavelength Detector (or 
equivalent) and a Column {Phenomenex, 250 x 4.6 mm Luna Phenyl -Hexyl 5μ Reverse Phase (or e quivalent).  
D.4 Operating conditions  
D.4.1 Flow rate: 1.5 ml/min  
D.4.2 Composition: 40:60 ( %, v/v water/acetonitrile)  
D.4.3 Elution: Isocr atic 
D.4.4 Oven temperature: 40 ºC  
D.4.5 Wavelength: 240 nm  
D.4.6 Injection Volume: 15 μl  
D.4.7 Stop time: 22 min  
D.4.8 Post time: 1 min  
D.5 Preparation of the standard  
Weigh 20 mg of the pyrethrum standard to  the nearest 0.0001 g in a 100 mL volumetric fl ask and dilute to 
volume with acetonitrile and label it. Transfer a small portion to a sample vial and label it accordingly.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   17  
 D.6 Sample preparation  
In a 100 ml volumetric flask, weigh 20 mg to the nearest 0.0 001 g of the sample to be analyzed and dilute t o 
volume with Acetonitrile. Sample this solution using a vial and label it accordingly.  
D.7 Procedure  
After the chromatograph is stable, make a minimum of three injections for the standard solution as well as  for 
the analyte and average the area counts. T he relative standard deviation between injections should be within 
2 %.  
D.8 Calculation of the % total  pyrethrins (active ingredient)  
The total p yrethrins , expressed as percent  shall be calculated as follows;  
=
  
 
 DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
18 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Annex E 
(normative)  
 
Texture and stability test  
When immersed in 1 L of distilled water for 1 h at 25 °C – 30 °C, toilet soap shall not show signs of 
disintegration, and when drie d at room temperature for 25 h thereafter, i t shall not crumble, crack or break  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   19  
 Annex F 
(normative)  
 
Deter mination of free fatty acids content as oleic acid  
F.1 Barium chloride method  
F.1.1  Apparatus  
F.1.1.1  500 mL conical flask.  
F.1.1.2  Reflux condenser t o fit the flask.  
F.1.2 Reagents  
F.1.2.1  Distilled water or water , of at least equivalent purity, free from  carbon dioxide.  
F.1.2.2  Ethanol,  95 per cent (V/V), free from carbon dioxide and distilled over potassium  hydroxide.  
F.1.2.3  Ethanol , aqueous solutio n 60 per cent (V/V ), neutralized.  
Mix 125 mL ethanol ( F.1.2.2), 75 mL distilled water ( F.1.2.1) and 1 mL o f indicator ( F.1.2.7). Neutralize to a 
violet colour with an aqueous solution of potassium or sodium hydro xide (B.1.2.4). Heat under ref lux for 10 
min. Allow to cool t o room temperature. Add 1 mL of indicator ( F.1.2.7). Ne utralize with the hydrochloric acid 
solution (3.5.6) until the violet colour disappears.  
F.1.2.4  Potassium or sodium hydroxide, 0.1 N aqueo us solution.  
F.1.2.5  Barium chloride, aqueou s solution.  
Dissol ve 10 g of barium chloride dihydrate (BaCl2. 2H20) in 90 ml of distilled Neutralize with  potassium or 
sodium hydroxide in the presence of indicator ( F.1.2.7) until a violet colour appears.  
F.1.2 .6 Hydrochloric acid,  0.1 N aqueous solution , accurately stand ardized.  
F.1.2.7  Indicator mixture,  phenolphthalein -thymol blue, ethanolic solution.  
Dissolve 1 g of phenolphthalein and 0.5 g of thymol blue in 100 ml of hot ethanol ( F.1.2.2). Filter.  
F.2 Procedure  
Weigh, to the nearest 0.01 g, about 5 g of soft soap i nto a conical flask ( F.1.1.1). Add 200 ml of ethanol 
(F.1.2.3). Connect the reflux conde nser ( F.1.1.2). Bring to the boil for 10 min. Add an excess of 0.1 N 
ethanolic potassium hydroxide solutio n of exactly known normality.  
Add to this b oiling solution 20  mL of barium chloride solution ( F.1.2.5) in small portions shaking thoroughly. 
Cool wit h running water to room temperature.  
Add 1 mL of the indicator mixture ( F.1.2.7). Titrate immediately wit h the hydrochloric acid solution ( F.1.2.6) 
until the violet co lour disappears.  
F.3 Expression of results  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
20 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 The free fatty acids as oleic acid, expresse d as a percentage (m/m) of potassium hydroxide, is given by the 
formula  
 
Where  
V is the number of ml of hydrochloric acid solution ( F.1.2.6) used;  
T is the exact nor mality of the hydrochloric acid solution ( F.1.2.6) used;  
m is the mass, in g, of the te st portion.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   21  
 Annex G  
(normative)  
 
Determination of Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) and TricIosan (TCN) in 
soaps by HPLC  
G.1 Principle  
TCC and TCN are antiba cterial agents, wh ich are separated from other components in soap by normal phase 
or reverse phase liquid chromatography, detected spectrophotometrically and quantified by comparison with 
standard TCC and TCN. Th e method can estimate as low as 1 ppm of the  above compounds: Procedures for 
both normal and reverse HPLC has been described and provide the option to  use either method whichever is 
available to the users. Both methods are comparable.  
G.2 Normal phase HPLC  
G.2.1 Reagents  
G.2.1.1  Iso-octane, HPLC gra de 
G.2.1.2  Iso-propanol (2 -propanol), HPLC grade  
G.2.1.3  Hexane, HPLC grade  
G.2.1.4  Standard TCC, 99 % pur e 
G.2.1.5  Standard TCN, 99 % pure  
G.2.2 Apparatus  
G.2.2.1  High Performance Liquid Chromatograph consisting  of a pump, a sample injector of fixed volum e 
with UV detector  having variable wavelengths and a recorder  
G.2.2.2  Standard volumetric flasks  
G.2.2.3  Pipette  
G.2.2.4  Magnetic stirrer  
G.2.2.5  Millipore filter apparatus with 0.5 micron filter  
G.2.2.6  Column, comprising:  
a) Silica column, stainless steel 2 5 cm x 0.46 cm pac ked with Normal phase -silica 5 micron (Lichrosorb 
Si -60); or  
b) Cyano column, stainless st eel 25 cm x 0.40 cm packed with (Lichrospher 100) cyano 5 micron  
Note : Either, of the above columns can be  used depending on the availability.  
G.2.2.7  Mobile phase:  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
22 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 a) for silica column, transfer 20 mL of iso -propanol into a 500 -mL volumetric flask and make u p to mark 
with iso -octane and mix well. Assemble millipore filter apparatus and filter the solvent system prior to 
use; and  
b) for cyano column, transfer  50 mL of HPLC gra de iso -propanol (2 -propanol) into a 500 -mL volumetric 
flask, fill up to the mark with he xane and mix well. Assemble millipore filter apparatus and filter the 
solvent system prior to use  
F.2.2.8  HPLC  conditions  which  include  the following:  
a) Detector waveleng th flow rate: 280 nm; 
b) Flow  rate: 0.5 mL/min;  
c) Injection  volume:  20 µL 
d) Retention time;  
e) Silica column:  
 TCN - 7.5 min; and  
 TCC - 19.2 min;  
f) Cyano column:  
 TCN - 4.0 min; and  
 TCC - 7.5 min.  
G.2.3 Proce dure  
G.2.3.1  Standard preparation  
Weigh accu rately 25 mg of Tr iclosan (TCN) and 25 mg of TCC into a 100 -mL volumetric flask and make up to 
volume with  the mobile phase and mix well. Pipette 1.0 mL of this solution in a 50 mL volumetric flask and 
dilute wit h mobile phase. Final concentration of TCC a nd TCN is 250 μg/5 0 mL (5.0 ppm).  
G.2.3.2  Sample preparation  
Weigh accurately 1 g of homogenized sample in to a 100 -mL standard flask, and dilute to the mark with mobile 
phase. Pipette 10 mL of the supernatant liq uid to a 50 -mL volumetric flask, dilute with  mobile phase, to the 
mark and filter through 0.45 µm filter.  
G.2.3.3  Chromatography  
Equilibrate the colum n, maintained at a temperature of 30 °C, with the mobile phase with a flow rate of 0.5 
mL/min for iso -octane - iso-propanol mobile phase and 1.0 mL/mi n for Hexane - iso-propanol mobile phase for 
30 min. Set the wavelength at 280 nm. Inject 20 μL of standar d solution and then sample solutions. Measure 
area of the peaks of respective retention time for standard and sample.  
G.2.4 Calculation  
TCN shall be expressed as follow s: 
 DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   23  
 TCN, percent by mass = 
 
G.3 Reverse phase  
G.3.1 Reagents  
G.3.1.1  Methanol, HPLC grade  
G.3.1.2  Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate Monohydrate, chemical grade  
G.3.1.3  Standard TCC  
G.3.1.4  Standard TCN (TCS)  
G.3.2 Apparatus  
G.3.2.1  Column  
G.3.2.1.1  Octyldimethy lsilyl (C -DB) 
G.3.2.1.2  Supercosil LC -8-DB, 15 cm x 4.6 mm. 5 micron  
G.3.2.2  Mobile phase  
MeOH/0.01 M Phosphate buffer 62:38 v/v . 0.01 M Phosphate buffer: Dissolve 1.38 g sodium dihydrogen 
phosphate monohydrate in 1 000 mL of distilled water. Prepare to pH  3.0 by 10 % phosphate solutions.  
G.3.3 Procedure  
C.3.3.1  Standard preparation (see Note under G.3.4) 
C.3.3.1.1  Weigh accurately about 90 mg of TCN. Dissolve in methanol and  make up to 1 000 mL volumetric 
flask with methanol.  
C.3.3.1.2  Weigh about 110 mg o f TCC, dissolve well with methanol, and make up the volume to 1 000 mL.  
C.3.3.1.3  Accurately pipette 10 mL of the solution prepared in G.3.3.1.1 into the volumetric flask containing  
TCC (C.3.3.1.2). And make up to the volume with methanol. Then accurately pipette 5 ml of the solution into a  
50-mL volumetric flask. Make up to the volume with methanol. Filter this standard solution through 0.45 μm  
filter.  
C.3.3.2  Sample preparation  
Weigh accurately about 1.0 g of product, dissolve in methanol and make up to 1 00 mL in a volumetric flask 
with methanol. Filter this sample solution through 0.45 µm filter.  
C.3.3.3  HPLC conditions  
The HPLC conditions include the following:  
a) Detector wavelength: 280 nm;  
b) Column temperature: 35 ºC;  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
24 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 c) Flow rate: 1.0 mL/min; and  
d) Injection v olume: 10 μL.  
Prepare the standard solution and the sample solution at the same time. Inject the standard solution three 
times  and calculate the average of each ingredients peak count. Inject 10 μg the sample solution and 
determine each  ingredients percent age by the calculation shown.  
C.3.4  Calculations  
The TCN and TCC, expressed as percent by mass, shall be calculated as follows:  
TCN = 
  
TCC = 
  
where  
Ar is the peak area of the test sample;  
As is the averaged peak area of the standard;  
F is the purity, exp ressed as percent, of the standard;  
Ms is the mass, in grams, of the standard; and  
Mt is the mass, in grams, of the test sample.  
NOTE: Both TCC and TCN are photosensitive;  hence,  standards should be freshly prepared  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   25  
 Annex H 
(normative)  
 
Determination of ch loroaniline  
H.1 Principle  
The chloroanilines are extracted from soap with dimethyl sulfoxide and diazotized with nitrous acid. The 
reaction products are then coupled with N -1-(naphthyl) ethylenediamine hydrochloride to produce coloured 
compounds which are estimated spectrophotometrically.  
H.2 Safety precautions  
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is readily absorbed into the skin. Inhalation or skin penetration must be avoided. 
DMSO should never be pi petted using mouth. Always use pipette bulb. The standard chloroa nilines and N -1-
(naphthyl) -ethylenediamine hydrochloride shall not be allowed to come into contact with the skin. If they 
should, then wash the contaminated parts thoroughly with soap and water.  
A supply of diluted sodium hypochlorite should be at hand at  all times to deal with accidental spillages of 
chloroaniline solution. Spillage on laboratory surface should be treated immediately with the sodium 
hypochlorite solution, followed by water.  
H.3 Reagents  
H.3.1 Dimethyl Sulphoxide (DMSO), AR grade  
H.3.2 Hydrochloric acid, concentrated (specific gravity, 1.18)  
H.3.3 Sodium nitrite, 0.4 % w/v analytical grade, freshly prepared (aqueous)  
H.3.4 Ammonium sulphamate, 2 % w/v solution freshly prepared (aqueous)  
H.3.5 N-1-(naphthyl) ethylene, 0.1 % w/v solution  diamine hydrochloride freshly prepared (aqueous)  
H.3.6 n-Butanol, AR grade  
H.3.7 Sand, acid purified 40 - 100 micron mesh  
H.3.8 Solvent mixture comprising:  
 DMSO 5 volumes  
 n-Butanol 2 volumes  
 Distilled water 2 volumes  
 Hydrochloric acid 1 volume  
Mix n-butanol, water and HCI. Cool the mixture and add DMSO.  
H.3.9 4-Chloroaniline and 3, 4 -Dichloroaniline, AR grade  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
26 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 H.4 Apparatus  
H.4.1 Spectrophotometer,  suitable for use at 554 nm  
H.4.2 Cuvettes , glass (matched pair) 10 mm  
H.4.3 Water bath , thermostati cally controlled at 25 °C  
H.4.4 Stopwatch  
H.4.5 Standard laboratory glassware  
H.4.6 Filter Paper , Whatman No. 541  
H.5 Procedure  
H.5.1 Dissolve 0.349 8 g of 3,4 -dichloroaniline and 0.2753 g of 4 -chloroaniline in solvent mixture (see D.3.8) 
in a 250 mL amber volumetric flask.  
Dilute to mark with solvent mixture [1 mL is 2.5 mg mixed chloroanilines (stock solution)].  
H.5.2 Dilute this stock solution with solvent mixture as given below:  
a) take 5 mL of stock solution and dilute it to 250 mL with solvent mi xture (1 mL = 50 μg mixed 
chloroanilines); and  
b) take 5 mL of the above solution [see (a)] and further dilute to 250 mL with solvent mixture. [1 mL = 1 
μg mixed chloroanilines].  
Use this solution for preparation of calibration curve.  
Transfer using a bure tte 0, 1 mL, 2 mL, 5 mL, 10 mL, 20 mL, 40 mL into 50 mL amber volumetric flasks.  
H.5.3 From a burette, add sufficient solvent mixture to make total volume to 40 -mL in each flask. The flasks 
are incubated in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min: After exactly 20 min, add 2 -mL of reagent into each flask 
and return them to the water bath for exactly 10 min (measure with a stop watch).  
H.5.4  Then add 2 mL of reagent (see H.3.4) into each flask and return them to the water bath for exactly 10 
min. Swirl the flask occasionally.  
H.5.5  Then add 2 mL of reagent (see H.3.5) into each flask and remove them from the water bath. Dilute to 
volume with distilled water, mix and allow to stand for 30 min. Measure absorbance at 554 nm against the 
blank solution as prepared in H.5.6.  
H.5.6 In preparing the blank solution, take 40 mL of solvent mixture in a 50 mL amber volumetric flask. 
Incubate the flask in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min. After exac tly 20 min, add 2 mL of reagent  into the flask 
and return it to the water bath  for exactly 10 min. Then add 2 mL of reagent  into the flask and return it to the 
water bath for exactly 10 min (swirl the flask occasionally). Then add 2 mL of reagent (see H.3.5) into the flask 
and remove it from the water bath. Dilute to volume with dis tilled water, mix and allow to stand for 30 min. Use 
this blank solution for preparation of calibration curve only.  
H.5.7 Prepare a graph by plotting weight ( µg) of chloroanilines contained in each 50 mL -flask against 
absorbance. The linear calibration wi ll pass through the origin/or determine the average absorbance ( AA) of 1 
µg of mixed chloroanilines by dividing sum of absorbances of all different aliquots of the standard by sum of 
µg of chloroanilines in all different aliquots of standard.  
D.6 Determina tion of chloroanilines  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   27  
 H.6.1 Weigh to the nearest mg 3.0 g - 15 g of finely grated soap and add 10.0 g - 15.0 g of acid purified 
sand. Transfer quantitatively the sample and the sand into a mortar and grind the mixture thoroughly with a 
pestle to give a h omogenous mass. Transfer the mass to a previously weighed 250 -mL flat bottom flask 
quantitatively and reweigh. Add DMSO (100 mL), stopper firmly and attach the flask to an automatic shaker. 
Shake for 1 h. Filter the DMSO extract through Whatman No. 541 int o a 250 mL amber volumetric flask. Wash 
the flask and filter paper with small aliquots of DMSO. Allow the filtrate to drain completely, dilute to volume 
with DMSO and mix. Transfer 20 mL DMSO extract into a 50 -mL amber volumetric flask. Add 20 mL of 
solven t mixture. The flask is incubated in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min. After exactly 20 min, add 2 mL of 
reagent (see H.3.3) into the flask and return it to the water bath for exac tly 10 min (measure with a stop watch). 
Then add 2 mL of reagent (see H.3.4) into the flask and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 min (swirl the 
flask occasionally). Then add 2 mL of reagent (see H.3.5) into the flask and remove it from the water bath. 
Dilute to volume with distilled water, mix and allow to stand for 30 mi n. Read the absorbance at 554 nm 
against blank (prepared as below).  
H.6.2 Prepare the blank solution by mixing 20 mL of DMSO extract of sample and 20 mL of solvent mixture 
in a 50 mL amber volumetric flask. Incubate the flask in a water bath at 25 °C for 20 min. After exactly 20 min, 
add 2 mL of distilled water into the flask and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 min. Then add 2 mL of 
reagent (see H.3.4) into the flask and return it to the water bath for exactly 10 min (swirl the flask 
occasionall y). Then add 2 mL of reagent (see H.3.5) into the flask and remove it from the water bath. Dilute to 
volume with distilled water, mix and allow to stand for 30 min. Use this solution as a blank for reading sample 
only.  
H.6.3 Deduce the amount of chloroani lines (μg) from the calibration graph curve.  
H.7 Calculations  
The amount of mixed chloroanilines in the aliquot of test solution from the calibration graph, expressed as 
milligrams per kilogram, shall be calculated as follows:  
 
where  
M is the mass, in g rams, of soap;  
M1 is the mass, in grams, of sand;  
M2 is the mass, in grams, of soap and sand transferred to the flask; and  
M3 is the mass, in micrograms, of mixed chloroanilines found from calibration graph/or it can be calculated  
as given below:  
 
Where  
 
Weight of soap used, in grams  = 
  
 DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
28 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Annex I 
(normative)  
 
Test for lather volume of Bathing bar  
I.1 General  
Strict attention shall be paid to all details of the procedure in order to ensure concordant results. Particular 
care should be taken to invert the c ylinder exactly as described.  
I.2 Outline of the method  
A suspension of the material in standard hard water is taken in a graduated cylinder and given 12 inversions 
under prescribed conditions. The volume of the foam formed is observed after keeping the c ylinder for 5 
minutes.  
I.3 Reagents  
I.3.1 Calcium chloride CaCl2.2H2O, AR 
I.3.2 Magnesium sulphate MgSO4.7H2O, AR 
I.3.3 Distilled water  
I.4 Apparatus  
I.4.2 100-mL glass beaker  
I.4.3 Thermometer of range 0 ◦C - 110◦C  
I.5 Preparation of standard hard water  
Dissolve 0.220 g of calcium chloride dihydrate and 0.246 g of magnesium sulphate heptahydrate in distilled 
water. Dilute to 5 L with distilled water.  
Note: This standard hard water has a hardness of appro ximately 50 ppm calculated as calcium carbonate.  
I.6 Sample preparation  
Cut away the outer edges of bathing bar using a knife.  
Using a stand up type of grater, grate up to 10 g – 15 g of the bathing bar into small chips.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   29  
 I.7 Procedure  
I.7.1 Weigh 1 g of  the grated chips antibacterial bathing bar accurately in a 100 -mL glass beaker. Add 10 
mL of the standard hard water. Cover the beaker with a watch glass and allow to stand for 30 min. The 
operation is carried out to disperse the antibacterial bathing bar .  
I.7.2 Stir the contents of the beaker with a glass rod and transfer the slurry to a 250 500 -mL graduated 
cylinder ensuring that not more than 2 mL foam is produced. Repeat the transfer of the residue left in the 
beaker with further portions of 20 mL of standard hard water ensuring that all the matter in the beaker is 
transferred to the cylinder.  
I.7.3 Adjust the contents in the cylinder to 100 mL by adding sufficient standard hard water. Bring the 
contents of the cylinder to 30 ◦C. Stir the contents of the cylinder with a glass rod or thermometer to ensure a 
uniform suspension.  
I.7.4 As soon as the tem perature of the contents of the cylinder reach 30 ◦C, stopper the cylinder and give 
it 12 complete inversions, each inversion comprising movements in a vertical plane, upside down and vice 
versa. After the 12 inversions, let the cylinder stand for 5 min. T ake the following readings as shown in Figure 
A.1:  
a) foam plus water (V 1 mL).  
b) water only (V 2mL). 
 
I.8 Calculation  
Lather volume = V 1 - V2 
where  
V1 is the Volume, in mL of foam + water ; and  
V2 is the Volume, in mL of water only.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
30 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Annex J 
(normative ) 
 
Evaluation of the mushing properties of a bathing bar  
J.1 Principle  
A test piece of defined size is cut from the sample bar to remove harder outer layers. The test piece is 
preconditioned by giving 18 x 180 degree twists under running water at 25 °C or in a bo wl of water at 25 °C. 
The bar is left for six hours on a piece of fabric that has been wetted and drained of excess water. During the 
six hours the soap/ cloth are covered to prevent drying. At the end of the test period mush is removed from the 
test piece  face in contact with the cloth. Weight loss from the test piece is expressed as mush per 30 cm2 of 
original surface area in contact with the cloth.  
J.2 Equipment  
J.2.1 For sample preparation  
J.2.1.1  Coarse kitchen cheese grater  
J.2.1.2  Sharp thin blade knife or carpenters plane  
J.2.1.3  Callipers or ruler, to ensure the sample dimensions  
J.2.1.4  Other equipment/ materials for the test  
Plastic or non -corrodible trays which are suitable sized for the test piece. Plastic soap dishes 7 cm x 11 cm x 2 
cm ar e quite suitable.  
Cotton cloth pieces cut and folded to fit as a triple layer inside the trays. Normal, flat weave, cotton sheeting 
as used for bed sheets will be quite suitable.  
J.3 Bar preparation  
J.3.1 Three (3) individual bars of a type should be tes ted. A test piece is cut from each bar. The test piece 
should if possible have a working face (to be applied to the fabric) of 6 cm ±1 cm x 4 cm ±1 cm.  
All bars in a set shall be cut to have the same face size. If the smallest of the range of bars to be t ested at a 
given time is too small to allow a working face within these limits, then all bars should be cut to the maximum 
size possible from the smallest bar.  
The longest axis of the test piece (6 ±1) cm should be from a direction parallel to the longest  axis of the 
original bar sample.  
The working face should be a fresh surface from the interior of the bar sample. The face opposite the working 
face should be identified by making a small hole with a sharp object. This enables the working face to be  
ident ified after the preconditioning step.  
J.3.2 To cut the bar it is convenient to first trim it to the approximate size using a coarse kitchen cheese 
grater and then to make the final adjustments to a smooth surface with a sharp thin -bladed knife or carpente rs 
plane. If a plane is used, it is better to move the bar over the plane blade.  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   31  
 J.4 Test procedure  
For each test piece  
J.4.1 The tray plus triple thickness of cloth is filled with demineralised water. The tray is then held vertically 
to drain the water from the cloth. The vertical position is maintained until water ceases to run from the dish in a 
continuous stream i.e. starts to drip.  
J.4.2 The area of the working face of the test piece is measured (A).  
J.4.3 The working face of the bar is placed onto  the damp fabric and then the tray plus soap are covered 
e.g. with a sealed plastic bag, to prevent water loss.  
J.4.4 The covered test piece and holder are maintained at 25 °C for 6 h.  
J.4.5  The mushed soap test piece is removed from the tray and is wei ghed (W1).  
J.4.6 Mush is removed from the working face of the soap test piece by scraping with the edge of a blunt 
sided spatula or plastic ruler.  
J.4.7 The test piece is reweighed (W 2) and the amount of mush removed is calculated as in J.5. The mush 
is expressed as grams per 30cm2 of original test piece surface area.  
Note: The procedure for weighing the bar and removing the mush will take some minutes. During that time the remaining 
soaps will continue to form mush. While this time is not critical for a  set of three test pieces from a given product, if more 
than one product is under test it is advised to stagger the start of the test for the second product. This will give adequate  
time to complete work on the first set before the 6 -hour storage time of t he subsequent set is completed.  
J.5 Calculation  
Weight of mush (grams) W = W 1 – W2 
Surface area of bar (cm2) A = (width x breadth)  
Mush = 
  
J.6 Criteria for conformity  
The test is done with three (3) separate samples of each product type, and the mean valu e from three 
samples is quoted (X). The range of values (R) is quoted as the difference between the highest and lowest 
values obtained for a given product type.  
The sample lot of products shall be declared as conforming to the requirements for this standa rd if X + 0.6R is 
less than the maximum value given in Table 4. DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
32 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 Annex k 
(normative)  
 
Determination of grittiness in bathing bar  
K.1 Procedure  
Either  
Hold the antibacterial bathing bar under a smooth stream of running water at a temperature of 30 °C and 
gently rub the two sides of the bar on the palm of one hand for one minute each side.  
or  
Immerse the soap in a bowl containing 5 L of water at 30 °C and gently rub two opposite bar faces with the 
palm of one hand for 30 s (15 s per bar face). Remove the ba r from the water and continue to gently rub the 
two opposite bar faces for a further 30 s (15 s per face).  
Allow the used bar to dry in the open for 4 hours and examine the surface. A set of 3 samples will be tested 
for each product.  
NOTE 1: Hands will b ecome hydrated and insensitive with prolonged immersion in water. Testers should wait 15 min 
between testing every 3 sets of products (9 grit tests).  
NOTE 2: If using a bowl rather than running water use fresh water after testing every set of 3 samples.  
K.2 Criteria for conformity  
The performance criteria are:  
During manipulation under running water the washing bar will not have a visibly rough surface and will feel 
smooth to the touch. No gritty particles will be observed on the surface of the dried bar 4 h after the washing 
test. DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   33  
 Annex L 
(normative)  
 
Determination of rosins  
L.1 General  
L.1.1 Colophonium (commercial rosins) only shall be considered as rosin for the purpose of this standard. 
The mean equivalent weight of the rosin acid is taken as 346.  
L.1.2 The method described in this test gives results approximately one percent higher than the actual 
amount of rosin present. As a result, the percentage of actual rosin acids present is one less than the 
percentage of rosin acids found experimentally and hence minus one in the formula.  
L.2 Reagents  
L.2.1 Dilute Sulphuric Acid — 30 % (w/v) obtained by cautiously adding 16 ml of sulphuric acid, specific 
gravity 1.84 to 70 ml of water.  
L.2.2 Beta-naphthalene Sulphuric Acid Solution — C10H7SO 3H) — Obtained b y dissolving 40 g of the 
chemical in one litre of chemically pure, absolute methyl alcohol.  
L.2.3 Standard Alcoholic Potassium Hydroxide Solution — Approximately 0.2 N in 95 % (v/v) ethyl alcohol 
or in rectified spirit, accurately standardized. Since alco hol is volatile, frequent restandardization is necessary.  
L.2.4 Phenolphthalein Indicator — Obtained by dissolving 1 g in 100 ml of 95 % (v/v) ethyl alcohol.  
L.3 Procedure  
L.3.1 Dissolve 10 g - 50 g of the sample in about 500 ml of hot water. Add 10 ml - 50 ml of the dilute 
sulphuric acid to split the bar, keep in steam -bath until the fatty matter separates as a clear layer and siphon 
off the lower aqueous acid layer. Add 300 ml of hot water, boil gently for a few minutes and siphon off the 
aqueous layer.  Repeat the washing with hot water several times until the wash liquor is free of mineral acids. 
Complete the acidification and washing in as a short period as possible, keeping the beaker covered to 
prevent oxidation of the acids. Remove the last traces o f water from the fatty acids through one or two 
thickness of filter paper and dry at 105 ˚C ± 2 ˚C for 45 min - 50 min.  
L.3.2 Weigh accurately 2 g of the mixture of fatty and rosin acids into an esterification flask and add 25 ml 
of beta -naphthalene sulph onic acid solution. Boil gently under a reflux condenser for 30 min, adding a few 
glass beads to ensure smooth boiling. Cool the contents of the flask and titrate immediately with standard 
alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution, using 0.5 ml of phenolphtha lein indicator. The end point is reached 
when the pink colour persists for 30 s.  
L.3.3 Conduct simultaneously a blank determination with 25 ml of the etherifying agent alone.  
L.4 Calculation  
L.4.1 Uncorrected rosin  
Rosin acids in fatty matter (uncorrecte d), expressed as percent by mass,  shall be calculated as follows :  DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
34 © EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved  
 
 
S is the volume in ml of standard alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution required for the material,  
B is the volume in ml of standard alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution required for the blank,  
N is the normality of alcoholic potassium hydroxide, and  
M is the mass in g of the material taken for the test.   
L.4.2 Corrected rosin  
The method described above gives results approximately one percent higher than the actual amount of rosin 
present. As a result, the actual percentage of rosin acids present is one less than the percentage of rosin 
acids found experimentally . (Rosin in fatty acids, percent by mass, corrected = Rosin in fatty acids, percent by 
mass, uncorrected – 1.0).  
NOTE 1 — The mean equivalent mass of the rosin acids is taken as 346.  
NOTE 2 — When the quantity of rosin, expressed as percent by mass, is less than 5 in the bars, the results by this 
method are not so accurate as with bars containing higher rosin content. This me thod is also liable to give erroneous 
results with certain types of carbolic soaps containing high boiling tar acids and with other germicidal soaps, for example, 
soaps containing hexachlorophene.  
L.4.3 Liebermann -Storch test  
L.4.3.1  General  
In all cases where the rosin content is found to be less than 5 %, the actual presence or absence of rosin 
should be checked qualitatively by the Liebermann -Storch test,  
L.4.3.1 Reagents  
L.4.3.1.1  Acetic anhydride — pure.  
L.4.3.1.2  Dilute sulphuric acid — relative de nsity 1.53.  
L.4.3.2 Procedure  
Transfer 1 ml - 2 ml of the sample of fatty acids to a test -tube, treat with 5 ml - 10 ml of acetic anhydride and 
warm on a steam -bath. After cooling, pour 1 ml - 2 ml into a white porcelain dish and allow a drop or two of 
sulphuric acid to run down the side of the vessel. If rosin is present, a fugitive violet colouration changing to a 
brownish tinge is immediately produced at the margin of contact of the reagents. Check the test with a sample 
of fatty acids to which a small  amount of rosin has been added.  
 DEAS  1119-4: 202 3 
© EAC 202 3 – All rights reserved   35  
 Bibliography  
[1] EAS 186 -1: 2021  Bathing soap — Specification — Part 1: Solid   
[2] EAS 186 -2: 2021 Bathing soap — Specification — Part 2: Liquid   
[3] RS 392 -4: 2018, Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 4: Bathing soaps   
[4] RS 392 -1: 2018, Skin applied mosquito repellents — Specification — Part 1: Lotions, creams, gels and 
ointments  
[5] US 2296 -4:2022, Skin applied mosquito repellents - Specification - Part 4: Bathing soaps   
 DEAS 1119 -4: 2022    
 
© EAC 2023 – All rights reserved